text:
Scott Allen
Published: January 2011
Download the sample project for this article (C#, VS2010)
Code generation isn't new in Visual Studio. Nearly every visual design surface, from Web Forms to Windows Forms to typed DataSet designers, has transformed shapes into code using code generation behind the scenes. The key phrase is behind the scenes. As developers, we did not always have the control we needed over the code generation process. What is new in Visual Studio is how more frameworks are using T4 Templates for code generation. The frameworks integrating with T4 can give developers complete control over the code generation process. The Entity Framework is one such framework.
This paper will discuss how the Entity Framework uses T4 Templates to generate custom code from an ADO.NET Entity Data Model (EDM), and assumes the reader is already familiar with the Entity Framework's API and designer. We'll begin with an overview of the T4 technology and see how the technology works. We'll also look at how we can programmatically consume metadata from an EDM. In the end, we'll combine these two pieces of knowledge to customize a T4 template.
T4 is a general-purpose templating engine you can use to generate C# code, Visual Basic code, XML, HTML, or text of any kind. The first step in using T4 is to create a template file, which is a mix of literal text, code, and processing directives. The T4 template processor will transform this file into a text file of the desired type by executing the code and processing directives inside. As an example, you can right-click on any project in Visual Studio 2010 and add a new item of type Text Template.
Notice how a T4 template file uses an extension of .tt by default. You can add templates to any type of Visual Studio project – console applications, class libraries, ASP.NET, or WPF. If you look at the properties on a newly added template file in Solution Explorer, you'll see the Custom Tool property is set to TextTemplatingFileGenerator. This custom tool is the template processor. The processor transforms the template file into a textual output file. In the following figure, we've added a template named Simple.tt.
The simplest possible content for Simple.tt might look like the following.
<#@ output extension=".txt" #>
This content was generated from a template
The first line of the file is a directive. Directives give instructions to the template processing engine on how to process, or transform the file. In this example, the directive tells the engine to generate a file with a .txt extension (a text file you can open with Notepad). The last line of the template file is literal text. The template processor will put literal text directly into the output file. In this example, the output is:
This content was generated from a template
The output is not exciting, but it gives us an idea of how templates work, and we'll look at more complicated scenarios in just a bit. For now, let's look at when the transformation takes place, and where the results live.
There are a number of options available for template processing. One option is to process a template while your application is running. Runtime execution of a template means you could use T4 to generate form letters or HTML output. However, in this example we are using a more common T4 strategy and allowing the custom tool (TextTemplatingFileGenerator) to transform the template before the project even compiles.
Looking at the template in the Solution Explorer window, you'll see Simple.tt is a tree node you can expand to reveal a file "behind" the template.
In this example, the output file is Simple.txt. By default, the generated file will have the same name as the template, but with a different extension (as specified in a processing directive).
If we could only use literal text inside of a template, then T4 would be a wholly unremarkable technology. Fortunately, we can also place executable code inside a template. Let's change Simple.tt to use the following content:
<#@ template language="C#" #>
<#@ output extension=".txt" #>
This content was generated from a template
in the year <#= DateTime.Now.Year.ToString() #>
When we save the template, the processor will execute and place the following output into Simple.txt:
This content was generated from a template
in the year 2010
The <#= #> syntax allows us to inject dynamic text into the output using a C# expression. If you've ever worked with ASPX files in an ASP.NET project, then this syntax will feel familiar. I hope this simple example gives you some idea of the power behind T4 templates.
By combining literal text, imperative code, and processing directives, you can transform data in your environment into buildable artifacts for your project. For example, inside a template you might write some C# or Visual Basic code to call a web service or open an Excel spreadsheet. You can use the information you retrieve from those data sources to generate code for business rules, data validation logic, or data transfer objects. The generated code is available when you compile your application.
As an example, let's imagine we want to work with a SQL Server database. Instead of allowing our application code to use low-level ADO.NET abstractions from System.Data.SqlClient (like DataTable and SqlDataReader), we want to use custom C# class definitions for each table in a database. These classes will hide the ADO.NET details needed to access the table. We can create those classes by hand, or we can use a T4 template to generate the class definitions directly from the database schema.
<#@ template language="C#4.0" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Data" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Collections.Generic" #>
<#@ output extension=".cs" #>
foreach(var name in GetTableNames())
public class <#= name #>
IEnumerable<string> GetTableNames()
var connectionString =
@"Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=movies;Integrated Security=True";
var commandText = "select table_name as TableName
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.Tables";
using(var connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using(var command = new SqlCommand(commandText, connection))
using(var reader = command.ExecuteReader())
while (reader.Read())
yield return reader["TableName"] as string;
There are a number of new constructs in this template, and some of those constructs we will cover in more detail in the next section. At this point, it's important to understand that we have the capability to reference .NET assemblies from a template. We can use the types inside those assemblies to perform useful work. In this template, we are using the System.Data assembly and the SqlClient API to retrieve all the table names inside a specific database. We then take the table names and generate a class for each table. The name of each class is the same as the table name – you'll see this happen in the following section of the template.
foreach(var name in GetTableNames())
public class <#= name #>
Not only do we have access to external assemblies from inside a template, but we also have access to all the features of the C# language (or the Visual Basic language, if you create your template using Visual Basic). In the above section, we are using the foreach control flow statement to loop through the available table names. If we have two tables in the database named movies and reviews, the output of the template will look like the following:
public class movies
public class reviews
This meager template is just the beginning of what we'll need for full featured data access. However, we can already see an advantage over hand crafted code. If we change the name of a table in a database, we don't have to find and change the name of the corresponding C# class. Instead, we can re-execute the template and regenerate the class definitions. You can force a template transformation by right clicking on a template and selecting "Run Custom Tool" from the context menu.
After we regenerate code we might need to change the code in our application that uses the old class definition, but the compiler will help us locate these cases. It's easier to find breaking changes when we generate strongly-typed code for data access. Compare this approach to using DataTables and DataReaders and specifying names using string literals. The compiler is no help in trying to track down breaking changes.
At this point, we could continue working on the template to generate properties for each column in a table, and perform aesthetic work like uppercasing the first letter of each table name (since C# class definitions should begin with a capital letter). However, with the ADO.NET Entity Framework we do not need to operate at this low level, yet we can still use T4 Templates to have complete control over the code we'll use for data access.
Before we can take a closer look using T4 Templates together with the Entity Framework, let's drill into specific capabilities of T4 Templates.
Every developer should know a few basics before working with T4. This includes how to add assembly references, and use control blocks and directives. We'll start by looking at template directives.
Directives provide instructions and information to the transformation engine. We used two simple directives in the simple template we wrote earlier.
<#@ template language="C#" #>
<#@ output extension=".txt" #>
The first directive, the template directive, tells the engine what language it should expect to find in the template. You can specify the values C# or VB. We'll use the C# language in our samples, and this is also the default value if left unspecified.
The output directive gives the processor a file extension for the generated file. A text template generally outputs a single file named the same as the template, but with the extension specified in the output directive. Later, we'll see templates generating multiple output files.
Additional directives you'll frequently see are the assembly and import directives.
<#@ assembly name="System.Data" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Data.SqlClient" #>
The assembly directive references an assembly. Just like a project reference, the public types inside the assembly become available to use from inside the template. Note that the template processor needs to find an assembly in order to use the assembly. For assemblies installed in the global assembly cache, like the System.Data assembly, assembly resolution will not give you any problems. For assemblies not installed in the GAC, you'll need to provide an absolute path.
Once you've referenced an assembly you'll probably want to use the import directive. The import directive is just like a using statement in C# - the directive brings a namespace into scope so you do not need to use fully qualified type names.
Finally, the include directive allows you to include the contents of another file into a template.
<#@ include file="EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude"#>
The include directive is useful if you want to create reusable content or template code to include into other templates. The file parameter in this directive can specify a relative or absolute path. The template processor will also search the directories listed in the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\VisualStudio\10.0\TextTemplating\IncludeFolders.
After directives, there are two types of content you'll find in a template. The first is the literal text the template will output directly. The second type of content is code inside of control blocks. There are three types of control blocks in T4. The first type is the expression control block, which we delimit with <#= and #> tokens.
This content was generated from a template
in the year <#= DateTime.Now.Year #>
An expression control block is required to produce a value. The template engine will convert the value to a string and write the value into the output where the expression block appears. Note you do not end the expression with a semi-colon.
Standard control blocks are not required to produce a value, and you delimit them with <# and #>.
var sum = 0;
for(var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
sum += i;
You are free to write multiple lines of code inside a standard control block, and you use types from any referenced assembly. You can query databases, read files, and call web services. But, what do you do with a reusable piece of code? Can you create a method to call from other areas of the template?
This does not compile:
int SumNumbers(params int[] numbers)
return numbers.Sum();
Because of the way text templates compile, the above approach will not work. When the template processor parses the template, it builds a class derived from the TextTransformation class in the Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextTemplating namespace. Once the engine finishes parsing the template it instantiates this class and invokes a TransformText method. The processor builds the TransformText method by taking all the code inside of standard control blocks and placing it inside the method. Since it is illegal in C# to have a named method inside of a method, we'll create an error condition with the above code.
However, a third type of control block does allow you to create reusable methods. The class feature control block uses <#+ and #> delimiters. The following code will work because the SumNumbers method exists inside a class feature block.
<#@ template language="C#" #>
<#@ output extension=".txt" #>
<#@ assembly name="System.Core.dll" #>
<#@ import namespace="System.Linq" #>
<#= SumNumbers(1,2,3) #>
<#= SumNumbers(4,5,6,7) #>
int SumNumbers(params int[] numbers)
return numbers.Sum();
The processing engine takes code inside of a class feature block and adds the code into the class definition it creates to represent the template. This means you can create methods, properties, and fields to reference in other parts of the template. The above template will sample will produce (approximately) the following code:
public partial class SimpleTemplate : TextTransformation
public virtual string TransformText()
GenerationEnvironment = null;
return GenerationEnvironment.ToString();
int SumNumbers(params int[] numbers)
return numbers.Sum();
It's the above class definition that the template processor creates and instantiates. The processor invokes the TransformText method and writes the result into the output file. Notice the method named Write and the property named GenerationEnvironment (it's of type StringBuilder). The template class inherits these members from the base TextTransformation class, which includes a number of helpful utility methods and properties you can use inside a template. For example, we could have written the above template like the following.
int SumNumbers(params int[] numbers)
return numbers.Sum();
Since T4 templates are text files you can edit them with any text editor, including Visual Studio. However, there are some tools to improve the editing experience. You can find and install these tools from the Visual Studio Gallery. The gallery is available as a web site (http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/), or through the Visual Studio extension manager (go to the Tools menu, and select Extension Manager).
In the following screen shot we've gone to the Visual Studio Extension Manager and searched the online gallery for "t4 editor". The results include T4 specific editors from Tangible ( http://www.tangible-engineering.com/) and Clarius Consulting ( http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/40a887aa-f3be-40ec-a85d-37044b239591/). These editors include various features, including support for Intellisense and syntax coloring.
Once you've finished editing, something might go wrong. If the processor fails to parse the template, you'll receive error messages in the Error List window. For example, an extraneous <# delimiter will give you the following error messages.
You might also run into the scenario where the template processor parses the template but produces illegal C# code because of problem in the template. This scenario will also list errors in the Error List window. An example would be the template we demonstrated with a method defined inside a standard control block instead of inside a class feature block.
Finally, you might run into problems with the execution of the code inside the template. For example, you might see a null reference exception or incorrect output in the generated file because of a bug or miscalculation in your code. In these cases, it can be helpful to step through the template code with a debugger.
First, make sure you put the template into debug mode.
<#@ template language="C#" debug="true" hostspecific="true"#>
Then you can launch the debugger during execution by placing the following line of code in your template.
You can leave the debugger attached and running as you modify and tweak T4 templates. The debugger will continue to break in the template code whenever the template processor executes.
Now that we've covered the basics of T4 Template authoring, we can turn our attention to using T4 with the Entity Framework.
At its core, the ADO.NET Entity Framework relies on an Entity Data Model. An EDM provides all the metadata the framework needs to translate LINQ queries into SQL commands and materialize objects from query results. This metadata includes a storage model (which describes a database schema), a conceptual model (which describes entities used in the application), and the mapping between the storage and conceptual models. One approach to creating an EDM is to right-click on a project, select Add New Item, and select the item template named ADO.NET Entity Data Model.
Adding this item template to a project will create an XML file with an .edmx extension. The XML contents of the .edmx fully describe the conceptual and storage models, as well as the mapping between the two models. The Entity Designer also stores layout information in the .edmx file related to the graphical display of the models on the design surface in Visual Studio. When adding a new EDM item, you can choose to start with an empty model, or generate a model by selecting tables, views, and stored procedures in an existing database.
Regardless of how the EDM comes into existence, a developer can use the Entity Designer to construct a conceptual model of their domain. The conceptual model includes definitions for entities, entity properties, and the relationships between entities. For example, in building a conceptual model of an application to work with movie reviews, you might define Movie and Review entities and include a one to many relationship between the two entities.
The Entity Designer saves this conceptual model into the .edmx file using an XML derivative known as conceptual schema definition language (CSDL). While tools like the Entity Designer can readily consume CDSL, the developer who wants to work with the conceptual model inside an application needs CLR type definitions – not XML. In this example, we'd expect to work with a class named Movie and a class named Review.
Fortunately, the Entity Designer includes tools to generate code from an EDM. The default code generator is the EntityModelCodeGenerator, and it can transform CSDL into C# or Visual Basic code (creating the object layer, in Entity Framework parlance). You'll see this default generator as the custom tool for an .edmx file by default. Whenever you save an .edmx file, the generator will execute and generate the object layer into a .cs or .vb file behind the .edmx file. This is similar to how T4 templates work, but we are not using templates yet.
If we open the generated Movies.Designer.cs file, we'll find the following class definition for a Movie (some code omitted for brevity).
[EdmEntityTypeAttribute(NamespaceName="MovieReviewsModel", Name="Movie")]
public partial class Movie : EntityObject
[EdmScalarPropertyAttribute(EntityKeyProperty=true, IsNullable=false)]
public int ID
return _ID;
if (_ID != value)
_ID = StructuralObject.SetValidValue(value);
This is where the Entity Framework faces a dilemma. Different developers apply different constraints and requirements on the entity objects they use. Some developers need entities to derive from a common base class in their application domain. Other developers need entities supporting serialization, change tracking, and change notification. Still other developers demand support for POCOs (plain old CLR objects) – persistence ignorant classes with no ties to any 3rd party framework infrastructure.
Instead of trying to anticipate and fulfill every possible scenario and requirement, the Entity Framework team decided to use T4 templates as an extensibility mechanism. T4 templates allow developers to customize or completely replace the code generation strategy.
In addition to using the EntityModelCodeGenreator, the Entity Framework provides T4 templates for generating the object layer. There are two templates provided with Visual Studio 2010, and additional templates are available for download. To use one of these templates, right-click on the design surface of an .edmx file and select the "Add Code Generation Item" command.
Selecting the command will launch a dialog box allowing you to select one of the installed code-generation items, or to search for new items online (a topic we'll revisit later). The two templates installed with Visual Studio 2010 include the "ADO.NET EntityObject Generator", and the "ADO.NET Self-Tracking Entity Generator". We'll look at the EntityObject Generator first.
The EntityObject Generator is a T4 template that generates the same default code as the EntityModelCodeGenerator. However, the EntityObject Generator comes in the form of an editable T4 template. The template will become a part of your project, and you can open the template to make modifications. The generated object layer will reflect these modifications. Let's see how the process works.
In the Add New Item dialog, you can enter a name for the EntityObject Generator. Like all T4 templates, the new item will have a .tt extension. If you look in the Solution Explorer window after you enter a name and click the Add button, you'll find the .tt file added to the project. The custom tool for the .tt file will be the same TextTemplatingFileGenerator we saw earlier with our simple template. Just as with the simple template, the generator will transform this template into a code file. In the following screen shot, we've named the new item Movies.tt.
The file containing the template output is Movies.cs. As we mentioned earlier, this file will contain the same code we would see generated by the EntityModelCodeGenerator. Before we look at the template creating this code, let's look at what is different about our .edmx file.
If you examine the properties of the conceptual model you'll see the Code Generation Strategy value is set to "None". You can examine the property by double-clicking the .edmx file to open the file in the designer, then right-clicking in the white space of the designer and selecting Properties. A value of "None" means the EntityModelCodeGenerator will no longer create an object layer in the Movies.Designer.cs file. The file still exists, but if you open the file you'll only find a comment telling you that default code generation is disabled. If you want to return to using the default code generation strategy, change the value to "Default".
It's important to understand that even though Code Generation Strategy is set to "None" we are still generating code, and the EDM is still the authoritative source of the conceptual model. Looking inside the EntityObject generator template, you'll find the following lines of code near the top of the template.
UserSettings userSettings =
new UserSettings
SourceCsdlPath = @"Movies.edmx",
ReferenceCsdlPaths = new string[] {},
FullyQualifySystemTypes = true,
CreateContextAddToMethods = true,
CamelCaseFields = false,
Notice the SourceCsdlPath property of the UserSettings. The property holds a relative path to the .edmx file the template will use to generate code. Thus, the generated code will continue to reflect changes made in the Entity Designer.
The second built-in template you can use to generate the object layer is the ADO.NET Self Tracking Entity Generator. The entities generated from this template are responsible for recording any state changes they experience. You can disconnect these entities from their object context, serialize and pass them into different tiers of an application, then reattach them at a later point to persist any recorded modifications.
Unlike the EntityObject generator, the self-tracking entity generator adds two templates to a project. The first template generates the ObjectContext derived class you need to retrieve and save entities (this template ends with .Context.tt). The second template generates the entities themselves and an ObjectChangeTracker helper class. Unlike the templates we've seen so far, each of these templates generate multiple output files.
In the above screen shot, you can see a .cs file for each entity (Movie.cs and Review.cs). T4 templates do not directly support the generation of multiple files, so the template relies on a helper class named EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager. The definition for this class is in EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude (EF.Utility.VB.include for VB templates), and all the EF templates we'll look at include this file (it lives under the Visual Studio installation directory in Common7\IDE\Extensions\Microsoft\Entity Framework Tools\Templates\Includes).
The EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager is a class you can use in your own custom templates once you understand the simple API. The following template demonstrates the basics.
<#@ template debug="true" hostspecific="true" language="C#" #>
<#@ output extension=".txt" #>
<#@ include file="EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude"#>
var fileManager = EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager.Create(this);
-- This line is a common header to use in every generated file.
for(var i = 0; i < 3; i++)
fileManager.StartNewFile("file_" + i.ToString() + ".txt");
Here is some content for file # <#= i.ToString() #>
The file manager will replicate any output you emit from a template after a call to StartHeader or StartFooter into every file you create from a template. Header content will go at the start of the output file, while footer content will go to the bottom. Creating a new file is as easy as invoking StartNewFile and generating some output. The file manager is smart enough to keep track of where the intended output should go – header, footer, or directly to one (of possibly many) files.
Finally, invoke the Process method when you are ready for the file manager to write all the separate files. With the above template, we'll create 4 files (one output file for the template itself, and three files we've created with the StartNewFile method).
The contents of file_0.txt will look like the following.
-- This line is a common header to use in every generated file.
Here is some content for file # 0
Note there is an extremely important setting in the template directive of the last sample.
<#@ template debug="true" hostspecific="true" language="C#" #>
The EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager (and the EF templates in general) require the hostspecific="true" setting in the template directive (the default value for this attribute is false). Setting this value to true allows code inside the template to access a Host property and communicate with the both the template transformation engine and Visual Studio. You can use the template host to resolve path names, and retrieve other parameter values, like the name of the executing template file.
Shortly after the release of EF 4.0 and Visual Studio 2010, developers from inside and outside of Microsoft began to provide additional T4 templates for use with the Entity Framework. You can install these additional templates from the Visual Studio Gallery.
In the following screenshot, we've gone to the Visual Studio Extension Manager, selected the Online Gallery, and searched for the term "entity". The top result in this search is the "ADO.NET C# POCO Entity Generator". POCO stands for "plain old CLR object" and implies an object with no ties to data access APIs or 3rd party infrastructure. The EF team created this template to provide support for generating simple POCO class definitions from an EDM. Clicking Download will automatically download and install the template.
Once the extension is installed, you'll be able to use the POCO template as easily as the built-in templates. Right-click on the Entity Designer to add a new code generation item, and you'll be able to select the template from the list of available templates.
Like the self-tracking entity generator, the POCO generator will add multiple templates to a project, and use the EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager to emit multiple files from a single template.
All three of the code generators have a similar internal structure and use the same helper classes. We'll learn about these pieces in the next section when we customize a template.
When the available code generation templates don't suit your needs, you have the choice of changing the existing templates or writing your own template from scratch. Obviously, if you are mostly happy with the output of a template, but you need some small changes, then modifying an existing template is the best approach. However, even if you want to start a template from scratch, there is reusable code provided by the EF templates to make the job easier.
The EDM contains a vast amount of metadata you'll want to utilize in a custom template. The loading and parsing of the .edmx file containing this metadata is something the helper classes can manage for you. All three templates begin with essentially the following code.
<#@ template language="C#" debug="false" hostspecific="true"#>
<#@ include file="EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude"#>
<#@ output extension=".cs"#>
CodeGenerationTools code = new CodeGenerationTools(this);
MetadataLoader loader = new MetadataLoader(this);
CodeRegion region = new CodeRegion(this, 1);
MetadataTools ef = new MetadataTools(this);
string inputFile = @"..\Movies.edmx";
EdmItemCollection ItemCollection = loader.CreateEdmItemCollection(inputFile);
string namespaceName = code.VsNamespaceSuggestion();
EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager fileManager =
The second line is the include directive to bring in EF.Utility.CS.ttinclude. As we mentioned earlier, this file lives in a well-known directory where the T4 engine will find it, and includes the definition of several utility classes - including the MetadataLoader, MetadataTools, CodeRegion, and CodeGenerationTools.
The MetadataLoader is responsible for parsing an .edmx file into an EdmItemCollection. This collection class lives in the System.Data.Metadata.Edm namespace of the System.Data.Entity assembly (so it is part of the Entity Framework and .NET, and not just a helper class defined in a template). An EdmItemCollection will hold objects representing pieces of the conceptual model, like EntityType objects. The MetadataLoader can also load metadata from the StorageItemCollection and StorageMappingItemCollection. Not all templates will need this additional storage and mapping metadata, but you will find it used in the ADO.NET Self Tracking Entity Generator template.
The POCO generator uses the EdmItemCollection in the following code to begin creating entity class definitions.
// Emit Entity Types
foreach (EntityType entity in ItemCollection.GetItems<EntityType>()
.OrderBy(e => e.Name))
fileManager.StartNewFile(entity.Name + ".cs");
You can see the EntityFrameworkTemplateFileManager again in the above code. The file manager allows the template to create one file per entity. The EntityType object the code uses ultimately inherits from an EdmType class, and exposes a number of useful properties to reveal information about an entity, like the entity's name, base type, properties, and navigational properties.
A template can use an EntityType it retrieves from the EdmItemCollection to create properties for entity objects. The following foreach statement in the POCO template demonstrates this capability (it's looping through the primitive properties explicitly declared on this type only).
foreach (EdmProperty edmProperty in
entity.Properties.Where(p => p.TypeUsage.EdmType is PrimitiveType &&
p.DeclaringType == entity))
The included EF utilities also define CodeRegion and CodeGenerationTools to ease the pain of code formatting. For example, the CodeRegion class includes Begin and End methods to emit #region and #endregion into the generated C# code and omitting the region if the template does not generate code inside the region.. The CodeGenerationTools class includes overloaded version of an Escape method to transform string and EDM objects into strings you can use as legal C# identifiers.
As an example, the POCO templates uses the CodeGenerationTools when writing out the class name of an entity.
partial class <#=code.Escape(entity)#>
<#=code.StringBefore(" : ", code.Escape(entity.BaseType))#>
Let's customize the ADO.NET EntityObject Generator to include attributes from the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace. Several validation frameworks recognize attributes in this namespace and use them to perform validation checks on an object. For example, the default model binder in ASP.NET MVC will look for attributes like [Required] and [StringLength] to ensure a given object is in a valid state.
By default, the EF templates do not add any annotations to an object, yet there is information available in the EDM that will let us apply these attributes. Every EdmProperty object inherits a TypeUsage property, and a TypeUsage object includes a Facets collection. Facets contain additional information about a property, like it's nullability and the maximum length (for string types).
The EntityObject Generator is a large template – currently over 1,200 lines of code, not counting the helper classes we reviewed earlier. However, if all you need to do is to make small changes to the default generated code, then modifying this template is easier than starting from scratch.
First, we can add our own helper methods in the template to retrieve the MaxLength and Nullable facets of a TypeUsage object. You'll need to place these methods in the class feature block at the bottom of the template (in the current version of the EntityObject Generator template, the class feature blocks starts around line 723).
private bool IsNullable(TypeUsage usage)
return (bool)usage.Facets.First(facet => facet.Name == "Nullable").Value;
private bool HasMaxLength(TypeUsage usage)
return usage.Facets.Any(facet => facet.Name == "MaxLength");
private int MaxLength(TypeUsage usage)
return (int)usage.Facets.First(facet => facet.Name == "MaxLength").Value;
To place the annotations into the generated code, we'll need to either fully qualify the attribute type names or add a using statement for System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations. We'll go with the using statement approach. The using statements the template generates are included as literal text around line 60. We'll add the annotations namespace to the end of the list.
using System;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Data.Objects.DataClasses;
using System.Data.EntityClient;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
Finally, we need to add the attributes themselves. Around line 336 of the template, you'll find the foreach loop to process primitive properties.
foreach (EdmProperty property in
complex.Properties.Where(p => p.DeclaringType == complex &&
p.TypeUsage.EdmType is PrimitiveType))
WritePrimitiveTypeProperty(property, code);
As can see, the code delegates responsibility for writing the property to a method named WritePrimitiveTypeProperty. You'll find this method defined around line 547. Towards the top of the method you'll see the code output the DataMemberAttribute. We can add our attributes just after the DataMemberAttribute.
<#+ if (IsNullable(primitiveProperty.TypeUsage)) { #>
<#+ } if(HasMaxLength(primitiveProperty.TypeUsage)) { #>
[StringLength(<#=MaxLength(primitiveProperty.TypeUsage) #>)]
<#+ } #>
Note the WritePrimitiveTypeProperty method is in a class feature block, so we are using class feature blocks in the above code. When the template runs, it can generate the following code.
[EdmScalarPropertyAttribute(EntityKeyProperty=false, IsNullable=false)]
public global::System.String Title
return _Title;
_Title = StructuralObject.SetValidValue(value, false);
In this paper we've looked at the capabilities of T4 Templates and demonstrated how the Entity Framework leverages templates for code generation. The EDM is still the centerpiece of the code generation strategy, and inside the templates we've pointed to some utility classes, like the MetadataLoader, that make working with the EDM easier. Even though the EDM metadata drives all the code generation by default, you can use the power of templates to pull in custom metadata from any data source and augment the generated code with custom members and attributes. Templates allow the best of both worlds – the code generation of strongly typed classes for an object layer and also the flexibility of customization and total control.


text:
- Find a rental
- Manage your booking
- Niagara Falls rentals
- How to book
- Help Center
- Write a review
Niagara Gateway
From $2,903 / month
balance due
Description from the manager
Description from the manager
Bedrooms: 4/
Bathrooms: 3/
Sleeps: 14/
Type: House
Stay at Niagara Gateway to enjoy a beautifully decorated home in a convenient location. This home is ideal for family getaways. The home includes a large living area, a full sized kitchen and dining room, three full bathrooms, and four unique bedrooms. Outside you will find an expansive backyard with a newly renovated deck and grill. Niagara Gateway is only a short drive to reach all of Niagara's favourite attractions. With the highway conveniently located just around the corner, spend the day at areas such as the Butterfly Conservatory and Botanical Gardens, experience the Walk behind the Falls, and try your luck at the amazing Niagara Casino. ...Read more
About the manager
About the manager
Niagara Smart Stays
Niagara Smart Stays
- Response rate : 85%
- Response time: A few hours
- Calendar updated: 4 days ago
Overall rating:
Additional Location Information
Niagara Falls is one of the 'hundred places to see before you die. There are many attractions to explore, have a blast on Clifton Hill, a street of excitement and just a short walk from the falls which will not fail to awe! Enjoy indoor nature at the Bird Kingdom and Butterfly Conservatory , or make splash in the city's indoor water parks.
More About This Location
City vacations, Rural retreats, Warm winter getaways
Getting There
Nearest train station: Niagara Falls - Bridge st , 3.11 miles
Nearest airport: Buffalo AIrport, 24.85 miles
Car is recommended
Show rates details
Also consider
- FlipKey has rentals in over 11,000 destinations around the world:
- Pigeon Forge vacation rentals - 2,482 rentals from $99/night
- Hocking Hills vacation rentals - 107 rentals from $130/night
- Florida vacation rentals - 32,304 rentals from $90/night
- Kissimmee vacation rentals - 7,811 rentals from $85/night
- Tennessee vacation rentals - 4,213 rentals from $99/night

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|» Fringe
|Mood: sleepy
|Recently I got hooked on a "new" TV series: Fringe. It took me some eps to fully get addicted, but once it did I have had quite some marathon nights to get up to speed with the first 2 seasons now that season 3 is coming soon
I'm currently still in the early S2 stage, but hope to have watched it all when S3 starts
For those of you that don't know Fringe, it's a show about a special FBI division that investigates strange phenomenons. Kind of supernatural, but most of the times there's a scientific explanation from Dr. Walter Bishop. One of the show's main characters. Walter has been a scientist for the US government in the past in an area called 'Fringe science', which is pretty much freak science All kind of strange things that go beyond a sane person, Walter has a theory about it.
But the show is really too weird to try and explain .. you'd have to see it for yourself, if you're open-minded and into sci-fi, it should have some interesting elements for you.
|Reactions (1)
|The IT Crowd
|Lie to Me


text:
Ben Affleck is celebrating the birth of his third child with wife Jennifer Garner
Ben Affleck and Jennifer Garner are celebrating the birth of their third child.
The actor used Facebook to say that he and his wife are "happy" to announce the arrival of Samuel Garner Affleck on February 27. He described the baby as "healthy".
The little boy is the couple's first son. They also have daughters Violet, six, and Seraphina, three.
Affleck and Garner married in 2005 after meeting on the set of the movie Daredevil, which was based on a comic book series.
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Big Snowy by AlexanderJanssonWatch
©2012-2016 AlexanderJansson
Facebook: [link]
Copyright © Alexander Jansson 2012. All rights reserved. My images may not be reproduced, copied, edited and published in any form without my permission.
Facebook: [link]
Copyright © Alexander Jansson 2012. All rights reserved. My images may not be reproduced, copied, edited and published in any form without my permission.
So much fun!
I really like this concept and the execution.
Sometimes words cannot express how one initially reacts to art. So, I'll use an onomatopoeia instead... "ooooohh!" That is to say that this is really good, exquisitely good.
exelente mundo el vuestro felicitaciones por toda la fantasia creativa !!!saludos desde Buenos Aires San telmo
Those who dare to question the logic can see the beauty of fantasy.
WOW this one is great for puzzles Great one! You should try this idea of puzzles...
LOVE this
your work is beautiful!!!!
very cool
det kunne godt ligne noget fra Peddersens værksted (Findus og Peddersen) rigtig sejt!
amazing I'm such a fan
His work is worthy of all praise! Congratulations!
Oh my God this is super-awesome! Very wintery. I must concentrate in order not to comment like this to every single one of your works cause I am in love with everything you do!
I love this style!
This is so cool!!!
Love this one!
The best Christmas image I have seen this year. Love all your beautiful works.
i love your work, it has a little magic in all of your paints!
Lovely The details are gorgeous and I love the christmas-winter-feeling you created!
Amazing work, makes me want to move lol
Looks like something out of Dr. Seuss.
I must sing: we wish you merry christmas....
Lovely. I like it.
Lovely. I like it.
Your work is just outstanding
Even though Christmas and winter get me depressed, I can really feel the warm of this scene coming out from the firebox and the smokestack of that machine. Steampunk+Christmas=Warm and nostalgic.
what a lovely wintery scene!
I can't find words...this is just too awesome.
So many lovely details. You have a rich fantasy and creativity.
So many lovely details. You have a rich fantasy and creativity.
Brilliant !!!
I love your world
I love your world
a brilliant work
Very cool! Love the detail....lots to look at. Great work!!
So whimsical, it gives me a festive feeling
santa's train!
Got to say I love the small details in your art. The overall picture is awesome, but as you look closer you start to find hidden features and other details you would miss at a glance.
Amazing winter scene !!! I love it
and it's a perfect world you are dreaming of !
it's so very kitschy - but I love it very much! )
Again, this would be lovely if you allowed it to be made into greeting cards
So christmassy, looks great!
As always ... wonderful.
I love all your works! Your imagination is without limits...
It is disturbing how great your imagination is. Work is breathtaking.
I am voiceless!
wonderful work
This is so cool! I don't have any words to describe how awesome this is
Wow--awesome fantasy work!


text:
Usually ships within 1-2 business days. Delivery to PO Boxes or outside of the lower 48 states may take additional days to process.
1997 Ford ExplorerDrive Type: AWD
Drive Type: RWD
Drive Type: 4WD
OEM: RP11062, Item: 33662
OEM: RP10843, Item: 33322
OEM: RP11411, Item: 359601
Oversize replacement ball joint. Will not fit unmodified original equipment control arms.


text:
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True Story : How I got Huroob removed?/9 Comments/in Huroob, It happened to me, Procedures samrah /by Samrah
Stages of Pain of Parting From Arabic Food/1 Comment/in Arabic, Entertainment, Food, It happened to me, Permanent Family Visa, Ramadan, Travel, Uncategorized, Visa, Visit Visa admin, Safa_H /by Safa Hassan
Ever wondered why your family member or friend is upset when they are about to move out of Saudi Arabia? No, they definitely aren't upset because they'd be going further away from you… Here is the reason why they feel the blues when they are about to board that flight that departs from the country: At […]
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In the previous post, I have explained what GOSI is and how it works. In this article, I will show how to get GOSI certificate online. GOSI certificate confirms your current status in KSA and also used by other government department as a proof of employment. It mentions your employment, salary (Basic + Housing Allowance) […]
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text:
There will be a new LOX album, eventually, but it won't be released on Diddy's Bad Boy Records.
"Nah, we went over there, we gave him a shot at it," Jadakiss told MTV News correspondent Sway Calloway when he appeared on his "Sway in the Morning" satellite radio show on Tuesday (May 8).
In 1998, the LOX — comprised of 'Kiss, Styles P and Sheek Louch — released their debut album, Money, Power, Respect, with the house that Diddy built, but their relationship soon soured. When it came time to drop their sophomore LP, We Are the Streets, the LOX made the move to Ruff Ryders Entertainment . It's been 12 years since the Yonkers, New York, trio dropped an album, and they have since reconciled with Puff, but there are hurdles standing in the way of future business between both parties.
"He wanted to do it, but I don't think contractually with all of the forces, we weren't able to do it, but he's still the big homie," Jada said, without revealing where the group may sign.
Since making their initial move away from Bad Boy, each group member went on to sign separate solo deals, making any would-be agreement for a new LOX album very tricky. During an August 2011 interview, Styles P tried to break things down. "It's a lot of heads involved with the new LOX album. You got Ruff Ryders, you got Bad Boy, you got Interscope. It's a lot of politics in one set of paperwork, but it's gettin' close," the Ghost said several months ago.
Though the Bad Boy deal is off the table, 'Kiss and company will forever be tied to the storied label. It was there where they first learned to refine their raw rhyme talent and craft hit records. The crew has often credited the Notorious B.I.G. with their development, so when Sway asked Jada about his thoughts on a prospective Biggie holographic performance, similar to the Tupac stunt Dr. Dre pulled at Coachella last month, Mr. So Raspy was all for it.
"It cost a lot, so I think Diddy with his connection to Interscope and Jimmy, I still think he got the resources to do a Big joint whenever he goes out to do a big tour; that'll be cool," Jadakiss said. "I think it was good for the 'Pac lovers and for these young cats that ain't really get the chance to see him or understand him. But I think if they gonna do it, we should try to do Big L, Pun — let's do all of the fallen soldiers of hip-hop and let the people get a chance to see 'em at one of these big venues."
Catch MTV News' Sway Calloway on "Sway in the Morning," on SiriusXM Radio's Shade 45, Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to noon ET.


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Tuesday at 1:00 pm
Jazz Afternoon (with KC)
The Jazz Disciple enriches your musical palette with tunes that speak to every generation, creed, color and ethnic background……Jazz! "Stop in for a taste to help get you through your day."
Upcoming episodesNo Episode found
Recent episodesNo Episode found
Read More
KC is a Kansas City native, and served in the military. KC grew up listening to all genres of music from swing to rock and roll.
Read More


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Oct 4 2013, 10:54am CDT | by TV Line
Definitely Gladiators. Not bitches.
ABC's Scandal on Thursday night opened Season 3 with 10.5 million total viewers and a 3.6 demo rating — up 15 and 13 percent from its May finale to hit all-time highs in both measures.
Versus its sophomore opener, the buzzy drama surged 59 and 71 percent.
Leading into Scandal, Grey's Anatomy (9.4 mil/3.0) was steady in viewers but down 12 percent in the demo from its two-hour opener.
RELATED | Scandal Team Previews Season 3′s 'Dark As You Can Imagine' New Twist and More
THE CW | The Vampire Diaries returned to a 1.2, down 25 percent from its previous premiere. The Originals (in a "special" time slot) led out of that with a 0.9, down 25 percent from Beauty and the Beast's year-ago launch but delivering the same retention (75 percent) out of TVD.
FOX | Glee (4.5 mil/1.6) was down 12 and 20 percent from its season opener.
CBS | The Big Bang Theory delivered 17.8 mil and a 5.0, dipping 6 and 9 percent from last week's 8 o'clock showing. The Millers debuted out of that with 13.2 mil/3.3, down two tenths from Two and a Half Men's year-ago opener while drawing more viewers. The Crazy Ones followed with 11.8 mil/2.9, down 26 percent in the demo from its launch but leading its time slot in total viewers.
NBC | Parks and Rec was steady with a 1.3 rating, and lead-out Welcome to the Family debuted to a 3.3 mil and a 1.2 (versus Up All Night's 3.1 mil/1.3). Sean Saves the World premiered with 4.9 mil/1.6, up in viewers but down in the demo from The Office's final season opener (4.3 mil/2.1). The Michael J. Fox Show (5.9 mil/1.9) fell 14 percent in the demo from its debut. Parenthood (1.7) is up a tick from its opener, pending possible NFL preemption adjustments.
Much more to come/blanks to be filled….
Source: TV Line/>
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text:
Company Overview of Factory Mutual Insurance Company
BOARD MEMBERS AFFILIATED WITH Shivan S. Subramaniam *
Director, Chairman of Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee, Member of Executive Committee and Member of Risk Committee
MOST CONNECTED PEOPLE TO Shivan S. Subramaniam
|William P. Hankowsky
|149 Relationships
|Howard W. Hanna
|141 Relationships
|Charles John Koch
|133 Relationships
|John A. Luke
|126 Relationships
|Christine M. McCarthy
|105 Relationships
Sponsored Financial Commentaries
Sponsored Links
Only a company representative may request an update for the company profile. Documentation will be required.
To contact Factory Mutual Insurance Company, please visit . Company data is provided by Capital IQ. Please use this form to report any data issues.
Our data partners will research the update request and update the information on this page if necessary. Research and follow-up could take several weeks. If you have questions, you can contact them at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Aalbeke - Belgian Style Golden Strong Ale - Release Party
Schubros Brewery
Saturday, April 5, 2014 from 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM (PDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
Come celebrate the launch of Schubros' new Passport Series: the Aalbeke Belgian Style Golden Strong Ale.
Event is on Saturday, April 5th, from noon to 6PM.
Aalbeke will be introduced with guided tastings led by Brewmaster Mike Johannsen at 12:30PM and 3PM.
Food will be available for purchase during the entire event by The Compass Star Catering Company from Martinez, CA.
Reservations are not required, but much appreciated as a means to help us plan the event.
When & Where
12893 Alcosta Boulevard
San Ramon,
Saturday, April 5, 2014 from 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Schubros Brewery
San Ramon-based Schubros Brewery was founded in 2011 by four beer and food industry veterans who, together, possessed nearly 50 years of industry experience. Striving to elevate beer enjoyment to the highest level, Schubros believes in creating the ultimate epicurean (http://schubrosbrewery.com/learning-from-the-brewmaster-u...) experience through its purposefully reciped beers. The brewery is guided by three core values: community, responsibility and quality, and donates 1% of its Core 4 beer sales to charitable causes. For more information about Schubros Brewery and its management and values, please visit www.schubrosbrewery.com (http://schubrosbrewery.com/) or call (925) 786-2232.


text:
when i was hit by from what i understand to have been an inebriated driver on my motorcycle, and subsequently put into a telephone pole on ponce de leon in midtown atlanta, steven actually left his office to come drive to my parents house where i would be staying for the next 5 months while i recovered. we were able to recover damages. for whatever reason, the guy was nice to me every single time we talked, even though i have a very rough way of speaking. thanks bro! you are a life saver.
I was involved in a motorcycle accident in September 2014. I was told by one lawyer they could not help me. I found Steven through another lawyer I hired and with a year of me hiring Steven he had me a settlement for my accident. And we all know that's really fast for that type of stuff. Usually that process is a long process. Steven got me 70 thousand dollars. I was very thankful for Steven and his work. Highly recommended
I was referred to Mr. Jackson by a friend who is also an attorney. I have worked with Mr. Jackson twice. Both times he was very efficient, and maintained consistent communication with me throughout the process. He was able to negotiate successfully with the opposing insurance companies to increase the settlement. I would highly recommend him.
Posted by Marjorie
Mr. Jackson is professional and very competent. He makes difficult situations much easier, and was with me until the resolution of my case. You definitely feel he is representing you to the best of his ability and that gives you confidence which sees you through to the resolution of your case. I definitely would recommend him.
Posted by David and Liz
Steven Jeffrey Jackson was highly recommended and we were not in the least bit disappointed in the outcome of our case. Mr. Jackson is a warm communicator and a very kind man and exceptionally easy to work with. He made a complicated process simple and explained everything in layman's terms. We felt like he cared about our welfare and always returned our phone calls promptly. He did everything he told us he would do and more. He was very professional and respectful on the phone and in all his correspondence. He handled our entire case over the phone and through the mail. We would not hesitate to recommend him. Our experience with Mr. Jackson was outstanding! We are very grateful!
Posted by Mike
Steven Jackson is extremely bright, shows great empathy, and has a deep understanding of the law. Most importantly, his client's interests come first and he works tirelessly to protect them. There's a comfort level that's developed once Steven has your case...he does an incredible job of keeping his clients in the loop throughout the process and as a client, we felt extremely well served! We've worked with Steven on two occasions and are proud to call him a friend.
Posted by Alanda
Attorney Jackson is a very competent and overall great attorney. Whenever I had a question about my case I always received a timely response. I always recommend him to anyone I know who needs a personal injury attorney.
Posted by Chris
Steven did an excellent job handling my case. He followed up promptly and frequently with doctors that were being less than cooperative and responsive in regards to treatment. He advocated strongly for me exhausting all possible avenues, both medically and legally. In the end, the results of my case far exceeded my expectations. I credit this in full to Steven's attention to details, compassion for my situation, and determined attitude in assuring that no stone was left unturned.
Mr. Jackson and his staff were forthright and clear in explaining the details of the legalities, the fees and methods of litigation, and properly set expectations for results. At no point did I feel that I was mislead in any aspect of my case. At all times, I had full confidence in Mr. Jackson's actions and intentions, as well as those of his staff.
Speaking of Mr. Jackson's office staff, everyone I interacted with was very helpful and easy to work with. Amanda in particular was extremely courteous and prompt in all of our interactions.
I would recommend Steven to friends, families, or colleagues who were faced with either bodily injury or workers compensation claims (I had both). While I hope that I never have to face an issue of this nature again, I would readily retain Mr. Jackson to represent me again.
On a final personal note, Mr Jackson is a legitimately compassionate and caring attorney. The irony is not lost on me that my attorney had significantly better bedside manner than my physician. During times when I would become frustrated with the physicians, treatments, or complications of the case, Steven did an excellent job of reassuring me and working diligently to ensure that the physicians were giving me the appropriate levels of treatment and attention. Steven excels at maintaining a professional decorum and giving sound legal advice, but does so with positive attitude, a sense of compassion, and a very friendly disposition.
Posted by Maria
Once Steve took over, I was really able to forget about the case and just focus on healing from the accident. He took care of the rest. He and his team worked with hospitals and insurance companies to settle all claims. He updated me constantly -- often via personal phone calls or emails. He was always very transparent about the process.
Thanks to him and his team I was actually awarded more handsomely than I imagined I would. More importantly to me though, he took care of everything and let me recuperate.
He and his team did a tremendous job, and I'm very thankful for that.
Posted by a Car Accident client
Mr Jackson works very hard for his clients and thinks outside the box. He is responsive and does what is in your best interest. He is honest and I appreciated his candor. I am very pleased with the settlement Mr Jackson negotiated and would highly recommend his services.


text:
In 2008, a Las Vegas company targeting mixed martial arts devotees, began an clothing line. Respect … [Read more...]
Advice Sisters Lifestyle website
Advice: beauty, fashion, lifestyle & trends
In 2008, a Las Vegas company targeting mixed martial arts devotees, began an clothing line. Respect … [Read more...]
Alison Blackman Dunham aka. "Advice Sister Alison" and "The Advice Sisters" is a writer, photographer, online advisor, and lifestyles consultant. She offers her readers a unique perspective on life, in print, in person and through the camera lens. Her focus is on advice, beauty, fashion, lifestyles, relationships and things that help make life easier, more successful and more fun. Follow Alison on Twitter @advicesisters,, or on her other site: www.leatherandlaceadvice.com
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text:
Kristallnacht News
Nicki Minaj Slammed for Glorifying Nazism in 'Only' Video
Critics Have Taken On the Singer For Her 'Only' Video
Excerpt: Robert M. Edsel's 'The Monuments Men'
Nazis used the assassination of a diplomat to put into full force their crusade against German Jews. Kristallnacht , the Night of Broken Glass , saw the destruction of more than seven thousand Jewish businesses and two hundred synagogues. The
Billionaire Backlash
journal," Perkins claims a rising tide of hatred against the wealthy 1%-ers here in the U.S. Can be compared to kristallnacht , nazi attacks in 1938 that killed nearly 100 jewish citizens and sent another 30,000 to concentration camps. "This
Neo-Nazis Stage Rally on Kristallnacht Anniversary in Kansas City
hold a rally on the 75th anniversary of Kristallnacht , also known as the Night of Broken Glass , on its website since October. At around ..... strollers, which are strictly prohibited. Kristallnacht (literally "crystal night"), refers
How the World Shrugged Off Kristallnacht
the event merely as one "Night of the Broken Glass" ( Kristallnacht ) because Nazi propaganda chief Joseph Goebbels announced ..... For many of the later perpetrators of the Holocaust, Kristallnacht marked a turning point. Suddenly everything seemed possible
Missing Nazi Diary Recovered by Federal Authorities
and returned Hitler's mark stolen from Spanish auction house in 2002. Hebrew stolen from a Jewish couple in Austria on kristallnacht in 1939. And numerous stolen from Jewish families local museums throughout Nazi occupied Europe and on that note one of
Nobel Laureate Explores How Art Impacts the Brain
echoes in his ears. The Kandels were Jews, and they had to leave their apartment. It was " Kristallnacht ," the so-called " Night of Broken Glass " pogrom of Nov. 9, 1938, in which Nazis launched coordinated attacks on synagogues and
Today In Pictures: Nov. 10, 2011
important centers of Jewish life in central Europe. The Nazis burned its synagogue in the infamous Kristallnacht pogrom ( Night of Broken Glass ) of 1938. (Ralph Orlowski/Getty Images) A creation by designer Jean-Paul Goude, used in
Nov. 9: Kristallnacht 1938; Fall of the Berlin Wall 1989
1938 Kristallnacht , ' Night of Broken Glass ' Adolf Hitler's campaign to purge Germany and Austria ..... World News" video clip is from 1988, 50 years after Kristallnacht . 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall Twenty-eight years
Nov. 9, 1988: 50 Years After Kristallnacht
There have been ceremonies around the world today to mark the night on which the Nazi holocaust began on November the ninth 1938. Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes businesses and synagogues. Throughout Germany and occupied Austria the Germans called knocked. Crystal night so named for the
Nov. 11, 2008: 70 Years After Kristallnacht
This week marks the seventieth anniversary of kristallnacht or night who have broken glass the beginning of the Holocaust. Six million Jews were sent to their deaths but tonight Jim has
Stieg Larsson Silent as Real-Life Lisbeth Raped
fighting for women and for immigrants and for justice," said Baksi. Larsson died Nov. 9, 2004 -- the anniversary of Kristallnacht , the Nazi murder of 91 Jews and the ensuing arrest of tens of thousands who were sent to concentration camps. The writer
Germany Stops Publication of Nazi Newspapers
Third Reich, including Hitler's speeches; and from the takeover by the Nazis in 1933, how the newspapers reported the Kristallnacht pogrom in 1939 to the collapse in 1945 and the democratization of the German press after World War II. Each edition of
A Holocaust Survivor?s Amazing Story
This week marks the seventieth anniversary of kristallnacht or night of broken glass the beginning of the Holocaust. Six million Jews were sent to their deaths but tonight Jim shooter has the story of one man whose
Could the Internet Have Stopped Hitler?
Nazis: breaking leaked information from Hitler's circle, showing cellphone videos of the horrors of the SA purge or Kristallnacht , showing how Hitler's poisonous vision in autobiography and speeches were now unfolding across Germany – and pointing
Anti-Semitic Violence Sweeps France
blame Jews for what is happening there." A Comparison to Kristallnacht On Saturday morning, masked assailants smashed stolen cars ..... Germany, and one went so far as to make reference to " Kristallnacht ," the infamous night in 1938 when Jewish people, shops


text:
November 06, 2014
Calif. survivor of LODD shootings: Gunman was smiling
|Man who was critically wounded during a shooting rampage that left two deputies dead said the gunman was smiling when he shot him and had opened fire almost immediately.
November 04, 2014
Tenn. deputy killed in crash
|A sheriff's deputy was killed in a crash Tuesday while en route to aid another officer involved in a pursuit.
November 03, 2014
Fleeing car falls apart during Sioux City police pursuit
|Sioux City police have released video of a chase where parts of a car flew off and hit a police cruiser before officers were able to stop the driver.
October 31, 2014
Police: Man swings ax at DC officer in attack
|Officer suffered a minor injury while struggling with the man in an unprovoked attack early Friday.
October 29, 2014
Ohio suspect crashes into bar, injuring patrons
|Dash cam footage has been released of the October 23 pursuit that ended with the suspect crashing violently into a bar.
October 24, 2014
Ohio pursuit ends in bar crash, 12 injured
|At least a dozen people were injured when a stolen truck crashed into a bar while being pursued by police.
October 24, 2014
Ariz. officer improving after collision in OIS
|Police identified suspect as Jeremy Bustos, 43, and said he was rushed to a hospital along with an Avondale police officer who was injured in the collision.
October 23, 2014
Ariz. police shoot man with machete, officer seriously injured
|Police in suburban Phoenix say officers shot a machete-wielding man after chasing him in a stolen truck he rammed into a police patrol car, seriously injuring an officer.
October 22, 2014
Police pursue horse through streets of Manhattan
|Cell phone video captured a bizarre pursuit Sunday of a horse that broke free of its carriage driver.


text:
Just over a year ago, and without a tremendous amount of attention from the national media, a little-known agency changed nearly a century of labor policy in favor of union bosses and to the detriment of workers in the airline and railway industries. The three-member agency known as the National Mediation Board (NMB) reversed a 75 year old precedent whereby a majority of a workforce was required to determine whether a collective bargaining unit had been formed. Under the new rule enforced by this regulatory agency, only a majority of those voting are needed to form a collective bargaining unit, meaning a small number of workers can decide every employee's fate.
To demonstrate this point, if a company employs 100 railroad workers, one would think 51 votes are required to form a collective bargaining unit. But under the new rules, which upend labor policy upheld by both Republican and Democratic Administrations, only a majority of those voting are required to create the union. Therefore, if 50 workers vote, only 26 pro-union votes are needed, meaning 74 people are affected by the decision, whether they support unionization or not.
This assumes anyone not voting supports forming a collective bargaining unit. It drastically changes a basic principle that a majority of workers are required to change the work status of a place of employment. But if these are the rules to form a union, one would assume those same rules would apply to dissolve one, but nothing could be further from the truth. The NMB's power grab is so extreme – in large part – because these same rules only apply for the certification not decertification of a bargaining unit, meaning more dues for labor bosses and fewer choices for workers.
In the previous Congress, an attempt was made to undue this radical action. Both Republican and Democratic Senators supported a Congressional resolution put forward by Senator Johnny Isakson, which would have overturned the National Mediation Board's ruling, yet Big Labor had enough support in the U.S. Senate to stop the effort to reverse the "payback."
One area with regard to this issue that has received little attention is who made the administrative rule change and why? First off, the request for the rule change was made in a private letter sent to the National Mediation Board by the Transportation Trades Division of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). Secondly, one Obama appointee to the NMB – Linda Puchala is the former president of the Association of Flight Attendants (AFA) and the other – Harry Hoglander was the head of a pilot's union. Needless to say, any objectivity on their part is non-existent.
Rush Limbaugh defends Rubio's debate answer: He's absolutely right that Obama knows what he's doing | Allahpundit
Time for Team Hillary to break out the gender card for young liberal women who prefer Sanders | Allahpundit


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Clara Rinker is twenty-eight, beautiful, charmingly southernand the best hit woman in the business. She just goes about her business, collects her money, and goes home. Her latest hit sounds simple: a defense attorney wants a rival eliminated. No problemuntil a witness survives. Clara usually knows how to deal with loose ends: cut them off, one by one, until they're all gone. This time, theres one loose end thats hard to shake.
Lucas Davenport has no idea of the toll this case is about to take on him. Clara knows his weak spots. She knows how to penetrate them, and how to use them. And when a woman like Clara has the advantage, no one is safe.
"Intensely cinematic...slickly compelling."—The Seattle Times
"Brilliantly swift…sinks a meat hook under the reader's jaw on page one and never lets up."—Kirkus Reviews
"Clever plotting, sure pacing...rich in authentic detail." —Publishers Weekly
"Keep[s] readers up way past bedtime—and keep[s] them awake even after the last page is reached." —Minneapolis Star Tribune
"Suspense to the end...intelligent and fascinating." —Naples Daily News
In 1985, Davenport was a young cop with a reputation for recklessness, and the girls' disappearance was a big deal. His bosses ultimately declared the case closed, but he never agreed with that. Now that he has a chance to investigate it all over again, one thing is becoming increasingly clear: It wasn't just the bodies that were buried. It was the truth.
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Why Watch? Surreal, mesmerizing work from a Pixar veteran.
Erick Oh doesn't have a ton of movies under his belt, but he's working with the best animators in the business, and it's shorts like these that prove is worth as a strong and steady (if not bizarre) team member. Here's where I would normally include a synopsis, but if you can figure out what the hell is going on here, feel free to let me know.
Otherwise, simply enjoy an outlandish, towering imagination brought to life through moving art – an explosion of complexity born from a simple apple. For more fun and more art, check out Oh's blog.
What does it cost? Just 1 minute of your time.
Check out How To Eat Your Apple for yourself:
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Beginning at 10 p.m. on Tue., Feb. 9, the catalog and services requiring your library card to log in will be unavailable overnight during maintenance.
Schusterman-Benson Library will be closed Feb. 8-20 for library improvements.
Attention, tutors and students! Here's an opportunity to participate in a great contest. Practice your writing skills by entering the Tulsa Library Friends' Adult Creative Writing Contest!
The contest is open to any person 18 years old or older who:
The Literacy Office will be closed December 24th and 25th in observance of the Christmas holiday. We'll see you on the 26th!
The Literacy Office has both new materials and more copies of popular items! Here are some of the materials we have received recently:
If you have ever received a letter in the mail or a nice holiday greeting you know how nice it feels.
To many people it could be an intimidating prospect to write a letter, send a greeting card or address an envelope. Tutors, this might be a good thing to go over with your adult learner and offer your assistance. The winter holiday season provides the perfect setting to connect with people far (or near) through written communication.
It's always a good time to write to someone and it does not need to be complicated. To whom will you write?
The Literacy Office wants to extend our congratulations to Elsa Escobar, one of our ESL students. Elsa's recipe for Almond-Spice Christmas Wreath Cookies was a finalist in Cook's Country Magazine! The cookies sound delicious. Way to go, Elsa! You can find Elsa's recipe in the December/January 2015 issue of Cook's Country.
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Rhino horn stolen from Lord of the Dance star Michael Flatley's mansion
/ News
A rhino horn has been stolen in a break-in at the country mansion of Lord Of The Dance star Michael Flatley.
The possession, valued at up to 200,000 euros (£164,000), was taken in a burglary at the 55-year-old's Castlehyde home overlooking the river Blackwater in Ireland.
It is believed to have been cut off a stuffed rhino's head which was mounted in a safari room in the palladian mansion in north Cork.
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Gardai said the burglary was reported at 6.20pm yesterday.
No one was injured in the break-in and no arrests have been made.
Flatley is understood to have been at home at the time with his wife Niamh and son Michael junior.
Suspicion will fall on a traveller gang which has made a lucrative business out of targeting museums, country estates, auction rooms, galleries and collectors for rhino horn. They can fetch up to 65,000 US dollars (£39,000) a kilo on the black market.
Rhino horn is prized in traditional Asian medicine despite being useless and there is a serious health risk from arsenic used to preserve older specimens.
One gang targeted a special storage unit used by the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin last year and got away with four horns. They had been taken off public display amid concerns of a theft.
International policing agency Europol issued a threat notice about an Irish traveller gang, dubbed the Rathkeale Rovers, it believes is behind a spate of similar robberies across Europe.
They are the prime suspects for the Flatley break-in.
CCTV is being recovered from Flatley's mansion as part of the investigation.
Castlehyde, on the banks of the Blackwater near Fermoy, was bought by Flatley in 1999.
The 18th century castle was the ancestral home of Ireland's first president Douglas Hyde and has been extensively refurbished.
Flatley's website states that it sits on 150 acres of pasture and woodland is worth an estimated 100 million euros.
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May 5, 2014
Plainfield (Ill.) East junior defensive end prospect Daniel Jackson (6-foot-4, 245 pounds) made a strong impression at Sunday's Rivals Camp at Maine South. Jackson talks about his impressions from the camp along with his latest recruiting update here. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now!
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Elegant LabelsKolkata, West Bengal
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We are 100% manufacturer of all types of Nameplates both Domestic and Industrial. About two decades we are in the business, developed indegenously all our products upto a level of international standard. Keeping in view of immediate deivery to cater the urgent requirement of valued customer, we had to establish all departments needed to complete the manufacturer of Nameplates in all respect i.e. one window system.
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How do I sign out of my Wix account ? - 432867109
Ticket by ham323
December 15, 2013
How do I relocate my page which I've started to build after I've logged out of the Wis site??
Replies (3)
Reply from Elia
December 16, 2013
What do you mean by 'relocate'?
If you're referring to connecting your domain, an answer to this topic can be found in How can I connect my domain (purchased elsewhere) to my Wix site?
If you're referring to transferring your site to another account, an answer to this topic can be found in How do I move a site I created in one account into a different one?
If you've referred to something else, please let us know,
Reply from ham323
December 16, 2013
What I mean is how do I find my page after I've signed out of Wix site??
Reply from Itamar
December 16, 2013
I assume you mean you want to continue editing a Wix site.
Simply login to Wix.com, click My Account at the top menu, next to the relevant site click Manage & Edit Site, and than click Edit Site.Itamar, Wix team


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Ryan Air, Dublin
18 Reviews
18 Reviews
Check out www.ryanair.com for cheap flights to England and Europe. Be aware that most of the flights to Europe are in Airports far away from the city. Good way to travel if your on a budget..
Also www.freshAer.com is a new no frills low cost airline flying to major European destinations. As of yet the air line company plan to commence flights from the 1st October flying from Dublin to London, Manchester, Birmingham, and Malaga. You can't book on the internet yet, however the phone number is 1890 757 757
I have flown into Dublin once on Ryanair (from London Standsted), and flown out twice to Edinburgh. I have found this to be one of the cheapest alternatives to flying in and out of places in the UK (and other parts of Europe as well).
While on the longer flights (going towards 3 hours) I have sometimes found Ryanair's seats to be a little uncomfortable, but on the shorter trips between the UK and Ireland I have found the journey to be very good.
On my flights the time for flying averaged on just over an hour, so you barely have time to drink your coke (coca-cola - which on Ryanair is not included in the price of the ticket, you have to pay for food and drink, or bring your own) before the captain tells you that they are coming in to land.
I have found the staff on Ryanair to always be polite, friendly and helpful. It is a good way to fly and especially good if you are looking for the cheaper alternative.
On Ryanair there are cheap flights between Dublin and almost any continental European country (direct or via London/Stansted).
Flight to Dublin land at Dublin Airport, 6 miles north of downtown Dublin. At the airport, there is a tourist information/hotel booking service, ATMs and banks, car rental counters (but you can rent one cheaper downtown!), and a few small shops. Dublin airport is tiny with only about 20 gates, but it has flights to many key destinations including London, Paris, Frankfurt, and New York City. Major carriers are Aer Lingus, Ryanair and British Midlands, but 41 others fly through Dublin offering regular service to 130 cities.
I'd heard about the value of Ryanair, but I never thought I'd benefit to directly. They are the reason that we went to Dublin from Ireland.
Yep, we found tickets from Glasgow, and returning to Edinburgh for only one pound/one euro each way. After mandatory taxes, each one way ticket cost about $30 US. What a deal!!
Ryanair are a low cost Irish owned airline who fly from and into Dublin from many European destinations. You can get really cheap flights, depending when you book, that make it a lot more affordable to take a trip there. We got flights from Scotland for £28, including all taxes. Certainly can't moan at that!
To get from the airport into the city centre we took one of the airport buses. They leave from right outside the exit at the arrivals and there are a couple of different services [the ticket machines have a route list for each one] for about 9 Euro return.
From the States you don't have much choice other than to fly. One trip I flew Virgin Atlantic from Boston to London Gatwick and then hopped a Ryan Air flight to Dublin. I highly recommend Virgin - reasonably priced and a fun airline with lots of perks. Ryan Air is a pretty standard low-cost airline - nothing special but not too scary either. And who can esist an airline that flies the 'Love Plane'? (Check out the picture if you don't believe me...) On another trip I flew straight from Boston to Dublin on Aer Lingus - even though it's not as fun as Virgin, it's a very nice airline and the direct flight is the best!
For people from Belgium and the UK the cheapest and easiest way to get to Dublin is with Ryanair. Ryanair is one of the low fare airlines in Europe. Prices are floting all the time, but they stay the cheapest! I payed for a round trip Brussels CRL to Dublin 45 €.
I flew from Birmingham on a ridiculously cheap Ryan Air flight (internet sale - £2.99 each way plus tax). Then it was a £3 airport shuttle bus into the city. I believe it runs every 15 minutes.
For the most part....I walked. The DART will get you to places along Dublin Bay, I managed a visit to Howth. Very reasonably priced.
There are regular flights to Dublin, Ryanair being particularly cheap and you can book on-line. Ferries are also available for those who wish to take their car but tends to be much more expensive. I tend to fly over however I will point out that I am absolutely petified of flying and on one occasion even grabbed the hand of a complete stranger and held on for dear life whilst his girlfriend couldnt stop laughing and the nun in front was trying unsuccessfully to calm my nerves.
I have used both bus and trains in Ireland, Dublin being a large city does tend to have better public transport than the rest of Ireland. If you plan to head out from Dublin and tour other parts of Ireland then it may be best to hire a car or take your own. If you are staying in the centre of Dublin walking is probably the quickest and easiest.
A cheap way to tavel by air to Eire from France & other countries in Europe, RYANAIR.
http://www.ryanair.com from where you can book (aviable by phone too). Tickets are not expensive at all. I booked a round trip for less than 90 €uros !! ($ 75) ==>PARIS-BEAUVAIS - DUBLIN and back... also saw far cheaper tickets.
VERSION FRANCAISE Un moyen bon marché pour se rendre en Irlande par avion: RYANAIR http://www.ryanair.com - Départs depuis la France ainsi que plusieurs autres pays d'Europe -
On peut reserver par téléphone ou par internet et les billets ne sont pas chers du tout.
J'ai acheté un ticket aller-retour PARIS-BEAUVAIS - DUBLIN pour moins de 90 €uros ; et j'ai même vu des billets bien moins chers.
Ryanair do great value flights from several airports in the UK, including my local, Luton. The cheapest seats go to those who book earliest on each flight, so if you're prepared to fly at unsocial times or can book a long way in advance you should get a brilliant deal.
From the airport we used the Aircoach (see http://www.aircoach.ie). It costs 5 EUR each way, leaves every 15 minutes and has a route that takes in most of the hotel districts. It's very good value compared to a taxi! (And more direct than the other forms of public transport.)
In Dublin we mostly used the DART (Dublin Area Rapid Transit, see http://www.dart.ie). It can take you to the seaside when you feel like a break from the city and the fares were reasonable.
We tried the bus but almost came unstuck because they only accept exact change which we didn't have. (The friendly driver let us ride for free but I wouldn't count on it.)
From London we took a GO flight to Belfast and then rented a car to tour the country.
The flights from London to Belfast or Dublin (through GO or Ryannair) are extremely cheap, around 50 euros return.
from the UK....
Flights are very cheap £20-£100 with Ryan Air, British Midland and British Airways
Ferry/Rail £84 for two people on a Dublin Duo with Virgin - very good value for money, but takes from London around 8 hours in comparison to 1 hr on the plane
Site seeing bus, hop on hop off £7.50
Taxi - fairly reasonable
Ryanair is cheap. But often it's not the only cheap option if you're flying to Dublin from Great Britain, so shop around.
For example, from Newcastle Airport (my local one), Aer Lingus offers flights at very similar prices to Ryanair, and they fly at much more convenient times.
It only cost me 19 pounds (incl. taxes) to fly to London on a last minute fare. It was my first (and only) experience with the bargain airlines in Europe. I see that today they advertise for less than a pound
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Connected BooksSee More Connected Books
If you like this, Harlequin recommends
- His High-Stakes Holiday Seduction
- by
- Nov 2009
CEO Rand Kincaid had never been coerced--until his entire future was at stake. Under the stipulations of his father's will, Rand had to rehire Tara Anthony as his assistant. It was either get along with the one woman who'd dared to leave him first, or lose his family empire.
But before Tara would accept, she gave Rand her own demands. She wanted a second chance, with Rand back in her home and bed as her lover. And nothing prepared him for where this arrangement would lead.


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About Sire
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Sire commented on JGrucza's file in Security
Sire started following Glare by IPS Themes
Sire started following [HQ] MotM - Member of the month
Sire started following Maxx 2012: The Most Advanced Skin.
Nginx Rewrite rules for IPB 3.0
Sire replied to ssslippy's topic in Product Feedbackthanks Ryan. Maybe someone could update the nginx wiki with this information. see: http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration then maybe: http://wiki.nginx.org/IP.Board
Great, I'm giving it a try. I used a urlencoded username, and password. I tried Step 2 after receiving the secure_hash (btw, it was the same one used in your example), and get this error: [#10193] We encountered a problem processing your login request. Please try again. update: tried step 2 again, worked. Step 3 error: [#10850.3] An internal error occurred. Please contact an administrator update: had to change the id after getting the right id from the client area, then it worked!
Looks good Brett, will that work without replacing or overwriting anything important like uploads folder, etc? That first step should be community.invisionpower.com, I didn't see a secure_hash on www.invisionpower.com. I ran this: curl community.invisionpower.com | grep secure_hash
Sire started following Pulse by IPS Themes
That's very sexy! Most of the suggestions in this topic seem to be skin-related really. IP.Board already supports most of these features, as long as you skin it that way to my understanding.
I've only read page 1 of this topic so if this has already been mentioned forgive me? :) I think the real strengths of the social networks are you can customize your information experience with the personal newsfeed (Twitter, or your Facebook default page). Only people, pages, news that you've selected appear but you still have the freedom to browse around anywhere if you'd like.
Use IPB forum discussion instead of WORDPRESS comments system
Sire replied to rykios's topic in Pre-Sales QuestionsThere's a WordPress plugin that does most of this. http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/ipb-comments-for-wordpress/
Sire started following AlexanderAhlsen
AlexanderAhlsen started following Sire
IP.Board required more optimization
Sire replied to Intasar's topic in Product FeedbackI got a 73 out of 100. The High Priority suggestion was:Leverage browser caching
Accessing IP.Board Cookies etc for other php pages
Sire replied to AndyCooper's topic in Pre-Sales QuestionsAha, I didn't catch that. Oops
Accessing IP.Board Cookies etc for other php pages
Sire replied to AndyCooper's topic in Pre-Sales QuestionsThe first link (CCS_GATEWAY_CALLED) was about init failing. It would actually crash my apache when it happened, so I thought it might be what he was facing.
Accessing IP.Board Cookies etc for other php pages
Sire replied to AndyCooper's topic in Pre-Sales QuestionsThis could be a possibility, CCS_GATEWAY_CALLEDhttp://community.inv...y-init-failing/ These articles might prove useful as well: http://community.invisionpower.com/resources/articles.html/_/ipboard-3x/developer-articles/ Notably Log a User In and Out, I saw this:IP.Board 3.2 Changes for this code to work with IP.Board 3.2 you will need to replace all instances of $_REQUEST['username'] with $_REQUEST['ips_username'] $_REQUEST['password'] with $_REQUEST['ips_password']
What could he be referring to do you think?
The OP might have misunderstood something that many of us are aware of only because we've been here long enough to know the ropes. Maybe there's a better way to clarify the support forums situation to avoid this.
User CP - Ignore Avatars - Ignore Signatures ?
Sire posted a topic in Product FeedbackI thought this used to be an option, but I just can't find it on my own 3.2 forum at the moment. Any help locating this? I like to turn off signatures myself, for a cleaner view. edit: nvm, found the ignore signatures under Ignore Prefs at the very top.
Blog style RSS Import into forum topics?
Sire replied to macyser83's topic in Pre-Sales QuestionsI'm guessing that you might need IP.Content and IP.Board. It might be possible to do it with IP.Board alone using the built-in IPB Portal.


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Why Use London Man Van as your moving company?
Are you looking for an affordable as well as reliable and cheap Man with a Van Hire services in the vicinity of London? Do you need a service which will be impeccable in stature and performance? Do you need a service which will meet your needs flawlessly? Then, our London based Man and a Van company could be your best bet.
Posted on 2016/02/07 in category Man and Van Hire


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Translation of tram in Spanish:
- 1 (British English) (Transport)Example sentences
- Towns and cities considering tram schemes yesterday attacked Government indecision and demanded clear guidelines on what Ministers were prepared to pay for.
- She pointed out that at present it takes only 20 minutes to get to Manchester by train from Rochdale, but would take longer by tram.
- But we're also seeing lots more shoppers using the bus, tram and train as a convenient and welcome way of coming into our town.
- 2 (in mine)Example sentences
- Paddy who was a former miner was delighted with the birthday cake, in the shape of an old tram full of coal.
- We were then issued rubber boots and hard hats and were taken several thousand feet into the mine, where we got off the tram to look at one of the orebodies.
- The tram was built to carry coal from the immediately adjacent coal mine to a row of beehive coking ovens and thence to the smelter furnaces.
Definition of tram in:
- British & World English dictionary
- US English dictionary
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Carbon Capture Companies in Northwest Territories
Category: Air & Climate ×
Subcategory: Carbon Capture ×
Location: Canada ×
Location: Northwest Territories ×
Green Bios Technologies, Inc.
based in Austell, GEORGIA (US) (USA)
Green Bios Technologies, an Atlanta based company, has a vision to become the global leader in developing innovative solutions and production of energy alternative sources from microorganisms. Green Bios Technologies` primary focus is the design, development, and implementation of closed-loop photobioreactors. We are currently developing modular and scalable ...
Westec Environmental Solutions, LLC (WES)
based in Chicago, ILLINOIS (USA)
Westec Environmental Solutions (WES), LLC provides worldwide solutions for industrial air scrubbing, pollution control and indoor air quality. Global offices in Chicago, Maui, London and Melbourne. The WES Absorber is a ground breaking gas/liquid absorption technology which offers unprecedented reductions in equipment size over conventional absorbers in the areas of ...
LR Senergy
based in Newcastle upon Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM
LR Senergy is a leading provider of solutions for the grid integration of renewables, specialising in the electrical connection of renewable energy projects to grid networks; from initial concept, to design and commissioning. Operating within three core areas of Consultancy, Contracting and Technology, clients are able to call on expertise from a knowledge base that spans ...
Aker Clean Carbon
based in Fornebu, NORWAY
Aker Clean Carbon is a global supplier of cost-effective CO2 capture plants and technology. The company offers amine-based post-combustion carbon capture solutions for coal and gas-fired power stations, the cement industry and other industrial flue gases.
Doosan Power Systems
based in Crawley, UNITED KINGDOM
We build, maintain and extend the life of power plants across the world.For our clients we provide clean, efficient, flexible and integrated power solutions, using the latest technologies and best-in-class engineering expertise. From full engineering procurement construction (EPC) contracts for major power projects to innovative carbon capture solutions, we offer a wide ...
Carbon Capture Journal Ltd
based in London, UNITED KINGDOM
Carbon Capture Journal is specifically about developments with industrial scale carbon capture and geological storage technology, with news about the major projects and development with government policy. The magazine, print and pdf versions and newsletter have over 6,000 subscribers. It is produced by the team behind Digital Energy Journal, one of the world`s leading ...
based in Dublin , IRELAND
GeoServ is a leading Irish and international consultancy that specialises in providing high quality tailored services to the natural resource, energy and environmental sectors.GeoServ is based in Ireland but provides advice and support to a wide base of clients locally and internationally in a range of business sectors including: Geology, Geothermal Energy, Energy ...
HDS International
based in Providence, RHODE ISLAND (USA)
HDS International (HDSI) is a green technology company providing renewable energy and eco-sustainability solutions. We provide carbon capture and sequestration solutions, as well as industrial, all natural open-water algae biomass production solutions for green energy purposes, including anaerobic digestion and biofuels, as well as for the development of bioproducts and ...
Environmental Business International (EBI)
based in San Diego, CALIFORNIA (USA)
Environmental Business International (EBI) offers strategic business information in the form of Newsletters - world renowned Environmental Business Journal and Asia EBJ. We also offer comprehensive reports on all segments of the environmental industry. Our in-depth reports on such topics as the Water Industry, Consulting & Engineering, Remediation, etc. provide ...
New Energy Farms
based in Leamington, ONTARIO (CANADA)
New Energy Farms just supply energy crops; we have over 20 years experience. Our main area of expertise is in perennial grasses such as Miscanthus. We provide solutions for the energy crop market, for both farmers and end users. Energy crops provide high quality low carbon feedstocks for energy and industrial markets, and provide profitable options for farmers. NEF ...


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Jody Shelley
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Former NHL player Jody Shelley fondly recalls time spent in Johnstown
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