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'IRIS 2' releases teaser, to begin filming in Hungary at the end of November
A teaser for the highly anticipated action drama 'IRIS 2' has been released. The drama features a star-studded cast of Jang Hyuk, Lee Da Hae, Lee Bum Soo, Oh Yeon Soo, Kim Seung Woo, Lim Soo Hyang, B2ST's Doojoon, MBLAQ's Lee Joon, and KARA's Jiyoung. The drama is scheduled to film in Hungary at the end of the month. Additional filming locations include Cambodia and Japan. Not only so, but the drama also features half-Korean / half-America


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Omega 369
5 people found the following review helpful
Posted by 5106900146237325813 on Mar 02, 2014
The softgel is quite big. The ratio of omega 6 in this softgel is quite high, it may not good for your health if u have too much intake of omega 6,as this is quite easy for u to get omega 6 from daily meals. The desirable ratio for omega 3 & 6 is 4:1. If your meals has included meats with lot of oils ( I.e corn oil, soy bean oil), it is recommended to pick pure omega 3 softgels!
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Flying ponies by SenselesssquirrelWatch
©2012-2016 Senselesssquirrel
Flying ponies...
G3 Rainbow Dash, "There's no such thing."
Poor AJ
Yeap, Twilight with her magic. And lol, it's unfair when AJ's grounded.
Maybe somepony should have got a zeppelin for her or something like that^^
Very cool!
applejack is just an earth pony, so she cant fly, yes. -russian accent-
Rarity looks soo happy
Lol, pinkie and her balloons.
LoL, Rarity.
RD has her swag face on
And Spike hangs on to Rarity's tail. Of course.
RD will come back for AJ, don't worry. : D
I like the idea and Tank!
I like the idea and Tank!
You think with how powerful Twilight's Magic is, she'd use it to help Applejack fly
aj probably didnt like all that fancy magic? :3
Loving rarity in the background with Spike. <3 N'aww.
hahahaha!!poor Applejack.


text:
: Sapphire hack:
Pokemon Balanced Sapphire
View Single Post
November 10th, 2012 (10:20 PM). Edited November 10th, 2012 by iKola.
Join Date: Jan 2012
Gender: Male
Posts: 46
Originally Posted by
This looks interesting. Is this going to be an increased difficulty hack? The title suggests it's only a hack to make every single Pokemon in the game viable in their own right.
Hi timson, other than what sapphire version offers I do not want to add legendary Pokemons into the game. However gym leaders and elite4 members will have them. The rest will be catchable
Originally Posted by
you do know those berries don't have their ev-reducing effects until emerald right
also wtf level 65 at lilycove i think you need to reconsider your level curve a bit
Is it true that Pokemon Sapphire doesnt have berries that has EV reducing effects?
So is it hard or easy to have pokemon fights at lvl65 at that area?
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Not too happy with some of the ingredients of the capsule itself, will be more choosy next time. I thought NOW brand was better, hmmmm :(
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This profile was last updated on 10/10/13 and contains information from public web pages and contributions from the ZoomInfo community.
Mr. Yukio SugimotoWrong Yukio Sugimoto?
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Educate a Girl, You Educate a Village!
Air date:Fri, 01/03/2014 - 6:00pm - 7:00pm
Short Description:Beatrice Achieng Nas on girls education in Uganda
Beatrice Achieng Nas is the founder of Pearl Community Empowerment Foundation, PCE. As a young girl, Beatrice struggled going to school despite her mother's efforts to raise funds. An American family from Kentucky sponsored and educated her from High School to the University. This opportunity became a turning point. She is now dedicated to supporting her community.
Beatrice believes "she is an education and empowerment global voice for the grassroots communities in Africa, especially the women, girls and children. Her vision is to work with men and women locally and internationally in empowering women and girls. Beatrice believes that everybody has the potential to live a better life."
Learn more about Beatrice HERE
Lear more about the PCE Foundation HERE
Hosted and Produced by Leigh Anne Kranz and Delphine Criscenzo
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Yorkshire Branch
Welcome to the Yorkshire Branch of the Institute of Physics.
The Institute is an international professional body with over 37,000 members, which promotes the advancement and dissemination of a knowledge of and education in the science of physics pure and applied.
If its physics and its happening in Yorkshire, then you have come to the right place!
Branch news
7 May 2015
Top University of York scientists will swap laboratories for pubs to share their research with members of the public across York this month as they offer a 'Pint of Science'
Yorkshire Branch work in BBC news
22 December 2014
Pint of Science 2015
22 December 2014
Print your own telescope
Learn how to build your own telescope and camera for around £100, capable of the performance of systems ten times the cost. Mark Wrigley will be showcasing the camera and its capabilities as well as demonstrating 3D printing.


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Feb 2015 meeting notesPosted on February 12th, 2015 No comments
We met at Barnes and nobles. We had about 10 people show up for this meeting.
There were two talks going on at the same time at this meeting. On one corner of the table Tim Cash brought some hardware that was being troubleshot. We also had a talk about software. On software there was a question of how to make the Ubuntu updater 'synaptic' update without the need for a password everytime. The first suggestion was to use 'sudo' from a terminal window. Using sudo would allow a user to launch synaptic as root and prevent the need of a password. However, the user wanted to use the gui. This made the problem more complicated since the gui uses a different authentication mechanism. The gui uses policykit-authnetication for synaptic. However, policykit may have exceptions. Leroy had a question in regards to turning off geo location searches from Goggle. He said he wanted to put his searches through a different region. We showed him how to do this. However, another LUG user recommended he just use 'private internet access' as alternative. Apperently, this group provides vpn access from multiple regions. Additonally on the software theme, there was more talk about virtualization. Many believe 'docker' will be the next big thing in application virtualization, but it still may not replace vmware completely.'Vagrant' another virtualization provider was discussed.
meeting notes for Dec 2013 and Jan 2014Posted on January 23rd, 2014 No comments
We have been having great turn outs despite the cold.
On January 6, 2014 we meet. We had about 10 people.
The discussion started with Brad talking about Xen and Citrix. Apparently, Xen-Server is now opensource. This used to be a commerical product sold by Citrix while the simplier version Xen was opensource. The Opensource Xen-Server has many of the same features you find in Vshpere or Microsoft's virutalization product. Most of the commerical product sell features like 'live migration' and 'HA', which Xen-Server does for free.
We talked about sandboxing a machine with 'chroot' and 'lps'. This is one way to keep your Linux machine pretty safe while browsing the web. Other sandboxing solutions are lxc linux containers and docker installs. After talking about sandboxing a system, we went on to Glusterfilesystem and open media solutions in Linux. Some media solutions that came up were 'media tomb', 'plex3′, 'open media vault'.
On Dec 3, 2013, we had a similiarly large turn out. This meeting was all over the place. We started talking about desktop managers, and ended with security software. Someone mentioned that 'flux box' or 'black box' was better for running Wine applications on Linux. Another person mentioned that the new version of Mint16 broke Gnome compatiblity. Then we talked about the package managers. 'Synaptic package manager' was discussed shortly as one of Ubuntu's main gui tools. For getting special packages, someone mentioned using 'ppa', which stands for 'personal package manager'. Adding 'ppa's to your Ubuntu distro lets you gets software that you normally don't have access to with the standard packages. Someone had a problem with lvm on a mixed drive that does both solidstate and regular SATA in the same device. We recommended a firmware upgrade. Virtual machines applications were discussed a little. Docke, kvm, vmware, xen, openbox, and parrells are some of the choices people could make. At the end of the meeting, 'backtrack' and 'helix' were talked about as forensic tools.
Nov 2013 meeting notesPosted on November 4th, 2013 No comments
We have been having very good turnouts for the meetings. All the chairs in the conference room are full. Today, we talked about various topics. Tim Cash started the talk with some questions in regards to building a new machine. He had some questions about monitors and DVI on a 24 inch. Dave D. mentioned that DVI has a max of 1900×1200 on 24 inch monitors. He also recommended ATI(AMD) Infinity cards. There was talk about filesystems, using duck duck go as a search engine, and rainbow tables for password encryption.
meeting notes: March 4th 2013 at 7PM.Posted on February 18th, 2013 No comments
We had an open meeting. About 8 people showed up for the meeting. We had a bunch of new people during this meeting.
We discussed using the Linux command line. We helped a user with an Ubuntu install. We also discussed Linux news sources.
Jan 2011 Meeting NotesPosted on January 18th, 2011 No comments
We had a small group of 6-8 people this evening.
Items of Interest:
Brad was getting 25Mb Business Class Fiber from Verizon.
He said it took 30 calls to setup the order.
Talked about how Linux and Ubuntu are doing things differently. There seems to be a desire to make Linux more friendly to the masses. As a result, controls under the hood seem to be getting covered up by developers. Although this is helping new Linux users, hiding the controls is frustrating older Linux users. At the 27th Chaos Communication Congress in Europe, a sysadmin, Wolfgang Draxinger attempted to complain about missing documentation and his frustration with the current state of where Linux is going. We think that his goal was to show how Linux is becoming evil with it's heavy dependence on multimedia. More specifically, Pulse audio, gdm, gs-streamer, and phonon are not very well documented. However, the developer of these applications had strategically placed himself in the audience and made is presentation a little award. Although there was a dialog between developer and users, the air of superiority from this one developer is exemplified in this youtube video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTdUmlGxVo0
In the meeting, there was further talk of how to make Ubuntu like and feel like the old versions of Linux. More specifically, to get the virtual terminals now you need Console-kit. Console-kit is an application that keeps track who is logged in. Virtual-Terminal switching is being turned off in many newer distos. It needs to be explicitly turned on to use it now.
Brad talked more about puppet. Puppet allows you to run the same command on multiple machines. For example, if you need a jpg on a specific machine in a server farm, you run the puppet master command on your designated controller and the command gets executed on all the machines in the group. Puppet is saving Brad and his company a lot development time.
Dave D. mentioned that he purchased some Indy Games from humble indie bundle. The humble bundle generated $1M for charity.
Linux Games
Indy game ( humble bundle.com)
Amnesia the dark decent.
Dragon Age.
Infocom Games.
Oregon Trail
Brad has been using Suse Studio. To develop turnkey openvpn applications his customers can download.
We also discussed on-line gaming. Recently a person purchased a virtual space station for $600K. The previous owner purchased the virtual space station for $200K.
Pictures of the virtual space station can be found here.
There was also a question about how to wipe disks and Brad posted a solution for this on the list serve.


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Manage your catalog, change your address, Ask Member Services and much more.
Join ASCAP to ensure you get paid when your music is played. Become a Writer and/or Publisher member today!
ASCAP, an organization owned and run by its members, is the leading U.S. Performing Rights Organization representing over 555,000 songwriters, composers and music publishers.
Register for the premier conference for music creators. Develop your craft and career.
ASCAP was a key sponsor of The Bucks Music Group Writing week
An interview with Founder and CEO Laura Westcott
Massive Attack collaborator scores highest-charting video game soundtrack ever
Taio Cruz takes home second consecutive Songwriter of the Year honor
ASCAP was a co-sponsor at this year's Downtown Benelux and Cloud 9 writing camp, held at the SMP Studio complex in Amsterdam.
ASCAP hosted over 300 special invited writers, publishers, managers, artists and representatives from the European collection societies to celebrate a record year for ASCAP both internationally and in the US.
Music is one of America's greatest cultural exports. Of course, the globalization of music cuts both ways. In celebration of the global scope of the ASCAP repertory, we're thrilled to present 5 ASCAP international writers who are currently making waves around the world.
All of us at ASCAP are over the moon about our songwriter Amy Wadge, and the incredible success of her Ed Sheeran co-write "Thinking Out Loud." On October 12th, Spotify announced that it had become the first-ever song to top 500 million streams.
ASCAP works with organizations all over the world to ensure that you receive royalties for your music, wherever it's performed. Here are five steps you can take to help maximize your income when your music is used abroad.
On Bobby Long's third recording, Ode to Thinking, the British-born singer-songwriter returned to basics—writing songs on his acoustic guitar and testing them at shows before going into the studio. The result is 11 songs by an acute observer of the contours and contradictions of modern living.
The three packed days of programming includes top speakers and performers as well as over 40 panels on music creation, business, marketing, music placement and more.
Chosen by industry experts, the prize is only open to new artists who will release their debut album next year. The singer has already performed to thousands, supporting acts including 2013 Critics' Choice winner Tom Odell and John Newman.
On October 25th, the World Soundtrack Academy announced the winners of the 14th World Soundtrack Awards. English composer Daniel Pemberton was named Discovery of the Year, French film music legend Francis Lai earned a Lifetime Achievement Award, and Belgian composer Michelino Bisceglia won the Spotify Public Choice Award.
Pop artist Olly Murs was honoured at this years ASCAP/PRS London awards show for his song Troublemaker. A co-write with fellow Brit Steve Robson, the song reached number 1 in the UK and attained Platinum status in the US.
ASCAP hosted its 34th awards presentation in London, honoring those songwriter, composers and publisher members of PRS for Music whose repertory is licensed by ASCAP and was among its most performed works in the US during 2013.
ASCAP President Paul Williams presented an award to Irish writers Gavin Friday and Maurice Seezer. The award was jointly given by Irish performing rights organization IMRO and ASCAP to recognize their continued success in America.
David Ryan Jordan has been promoted to Associate Director of the International Membership team in ASCAP's London office, it was announced by VP of Membership, International, Seán Devine.
ASCAP London presented an acoustic showcase to an industry-filled room on Wednesday, June 11th. The show, which was the third in a series of showcases in conjunction with the successful Pull The Plug Promotions.
Last week ASCAP was a key sponsor of The Bucks Music Group Writing week, held at the iconic RAK studios in St John's Wood. The key focus for the camp was 'Breaking Artists.'
Soundcheque is a different model for connecting composers and songwriters with music users, which promises a way around a lot of conventional royalty systems' problems. Laura Westcott, its founder and CEO, explains why she created it, how it works, and where she plans to take it.
The annual Ivor Novello awards show is presented by BASCA in association with PRS for Music and is now in its 59th year. The show has become the pinnacle of the song writing year with attendance at a record high this year.


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Description: Experts in Adhesives Ellsworth Adhesives offers over 65 adhesive, dispensing and equipment manufacturers with locations around the globe. When price and availability are critical, Ellsworth Adhesives delivers! Extensive Product Line For 40... (more)
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Address: Jordan Valley Innovation Center 524 North Boonville Avenue, Springfield, MO
Address: 950 Bolger Ct., St. Louis, MO


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 11, 1993
|Filing date
|Oct 28, 1991
|Priority date
|Aug 18, 1983
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Rudolf Hinterwaldner
|Original Assignee
|The Permethyl Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (23), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (14), Classifications (46), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
--(CR1 R2 --CR3 R4)n --
This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 07/529,324, filed May 29, 1990, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,061,524 which is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 07/302,124, filed Jan. 26, 1989, U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,846, which is a file wrapper continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 07/001,936, filed Jan. 9, 1987, abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Serial No. 06/726,903, filed Apr. 18, 1985, abandoned.
This invention relates to inorganic, organometallic and organic compositions containing olefins and olefin epoxides rich in methyl side groups, and which exhibit hydrophobic and abhesive properties. These compositions are very economical for use in building materials, coating and impregnation materials film and foil materials, etc. Preferred are the beta olefins and oxides thereof. The olefins and oxides are rich in methyl side groups and are also useful as reactive diluents, as plasticizers, and for the creation of an oxygen-poor reaction environment.
To impart hydrophobic and/or abhesive properties to materials, surfaces, etc. is of great technical and economical importance. Hydrophobicity protects surfaces from water, and consequently from corrosion. In some applications it is desirable to obtain sufficient hydrophobicity coupled with sufficient porosity to permit "breathing" of the treated materials and substrates. The abhesive properties are required if surface characteristics are desired in which adhesive materials will not adhere too strongly and from which they can easily be removed again without a residue on the adhesive surface. Such abhesive systems have gained considerable importance as release coatings on backings for pressure sensitive adhesive films and foils.
Many compounds to produce hydrophobic and abhesive materials have been described in the literature; they fulfill these functions to a greater or lesser degree, and their effectiveness and efficiency often depend on the material characteristics. According to today's state of the art a number of compounds are used to impart hydrophobicity and sometimes also abhesive properties, such as fatty substances, e.g. paraffins, waxes, metallic soaps; aluminum compounds, e.g. aluminum sulfate, acetate, and formiate; high molecular weight alkyl pyridinium compounds, alkyl isocyanates, substituted ethylene ureas, complex chromium compounds, silicones. To apply these compounds to be treated, they generally have to be dissolved in inert solvents first. These solvents have to be removed by evaporation after application which causes environmental problems or requires expensive recovery equipment. To impart abhesiveness the fatty substances, such as paraffins, waxes and metal soaps, have been generally replaced to day by the vary expensive silicone materials since the abhesive properties of the former compounds no longer satisfy the high technical requirements.
The newer hydrophobic and/or abhesive materials based on polyorganosiloxanes have a number of good properties, however, they do not satisfy all requirements. These problems can be related to the following facts. They often have to be applied as solutions in organic solvents. They often require high hardening and polymerization temperatures. Solvent-based systems release the solvent during hardening and drying. These solvent vapors are either released into the atmosphere or they have to be collected in rather expensive recovery equipment. These silicones are several times more expensive than the more conventional products; thus, they often cannot be applied in sufficient amounts to obtain the required hydrophobicity or abhesiveness of the treated substrate for economical reasons.
Thermo-sensitive materials and substrates cannot be treated with the hydrophobicity- and/or abhesiveness-imparting products which have to be hardened and polymerized at higher temperatures. The exposure to heat changes the original shape of the substrate and often even its structure. Materials and substrates which contain some moisture can withstand brief exposure to heat, such as cellulosic materials and paper sheets; however they generally have to be remoistened by exposure to water vapor to regain their original properties, such as planeness and flexibility. This remoistening procedure is not only expensive and energy intensive, its effectiveness is also in doubt by many skilled in this art.
The functionality which causes hydrophobicity and adhesiveness in organosiloxanes is well understood and described in the literature. These properties are not only determined by the nonpolarity of the side chains of the molecule, but are greatly affected by as high a content of nonpolar methyl side groups per molecule unit as possible. The content of unpolar methyl side groups actually determines the hydrophobicity and adhesiveness. The functionality which causes hydrophobicity and abhesiveness can easily be shown on the so-called "brush-effect" of a dimethyl polysiloxane compound: ##STR2## This schematic shows also that because of the basic structure of polydimethylsiloxanes the content of the important methyl side groups is limited to 2 per Si--O unit.
Many attempts have been made to decrease the cost of imparting hydrophobicity and abhesiveness to materials and substrates. This task was generally unsuccessful since it was difficult to increase the content of methyl side groups in existing compounds, and since other compounds richer in methyl side groups were not economically available.
Controlled release, i.e., adjusting the release force over a wide ranged as desired for different requirements, for release coated paper and foil backings for pressure sensitive release systems has long been a goal of the industry. Obtaining this goal has been frustrated to far by the inability to economically increase the nonpolar methyl side group content in these compounds, and since it was not possible to achieve a statistically uniform distribution of the methyl groups along the backbone of the molecule.
In free-radical polymerization, hardening and crosslinking of unsaturated compounds, such as polyester resins, acrylic and methacrylic resins, the oxygen in the air inhibits curing of the surface. The oxygen destroys the free radicals; thus, the hardening reaction is inhibited and the surface remains sticky. Attempts were made to protect the surface from the oxygen in the air by covering it with foils, glass plates, etc. However, this was technically impractical. It was then suggested to add paraffin to these systems (Ger. Pat. PS 948 818). The paraffin floats to the surface during hardening and forms a protective coating against the oxygen. However, this paraffin addition created several problems. The most important problems encountered are: paraffin crystallizes at lower temperatures from the hardenable materials; at higher temperatures it no longer floats to the surface. It is also well known that paraffin-containing systems will not harden at high temperatures. Thus, with paraffin-containing systems it is not possible to obtain short reaction times using high temperatures since the system can only be heated until the paraffin has floated out completely. The industry has been waiting for improved solutions for a long time because the paraffin-containing hardenable compounds are excellent polishable compounds.
It was the goal of this invention to develop inorganic, organo-metallic and/or organic materials as well as reactive diluents and plasticizers with technically improved hydrophobic and abhesive properties and which are much more economical. Simultaneously, many of the aforementioned problems were to be eliminated.
Specific fractionation cuts during the petrochemical treatment of petroleum contain monomers rich in methyl side groups of the general formula
in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently a hydrogen atom, a methyl and an ethyl group, can be recovered.
These systems are mostly composed of mixtures of the following olefin types: ##STR3## where R5--8 are independently methyl or ethyl groups. The combined content of type 1 and type 2 are at least 40%. The individual olefin types can be obtained economically and of relatively high purity by fractionation and/or distillation processes.
These monomers carry at least 2.0, and preferably 3.0 to 4.0 methyl side groups per molecule. Because of the C--C double bond they can be oligomerized, polymerized, copolymerized, ethoxylated and reacted with many functional groups.
This invention relates to a method of imparting hydrophobic or abhesive properties to a substrate wherein there is applied to said substrate an effective amount of a composition comprising 0.1 to 99.9% by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of
(a) a compound of the formula
and an oligomer polymer thereof;
(b) a compound of the formula
--(CR1 R2 --CR3 R4)n --
(c) a compound of the formula ##STR4## and an oligomer or polymer thereof wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently CH3 or C2 H5 ; R4 is independently H, CH3 or C2 H5 ; A and B are independently H, CH3, C2 H5 or --(CR1 R2 --CR3 R4)n --; and n is an integer between 1 and 20,000,000.
Beta olefin monomers rich in methyl side groups according to formula (a) are compounds with one unsaturated beta C--C double bond and a methyl side group content of at least 3.0, and preferably 4.0 per molecular unit. Representative of this group are 2-methylbutene-2, 2,3-dimethylbutene-2 and 2,3-dimethylpentene-2.
Dimerization, oligomerization or polymerization, according to known processes, of these olefin monomers by themselves or in mixture results in liquid to solid products of differing molecular weights, however, with a definable content of nonpolar methyl side groups. The solid homopolymeric olefin polymers have wax-like properties with melting points, depending on degree of polymerization, of between 40� and 250� C. and molecular weights up to 20,000,000, preferably 50 to 1,000,000, especially 50 to 50,000.
Beta olefin polymers rich in methyl side groups and their derivatives according to formula (b) of this invention are alkenes, cycloalkenes, aryl alkenes, straight chain and cyclic polyenes. They are produced by known processes by dimerization, mixed dimerization, oligomerization, mixed oligomerization, polymerization, copolymerization, polycondensation or polyaddition of the methyl side group-rich beta olefin monomers or compounds of formula (a) or (c). The dimerization, oligomerization or polymerization of such compounds are well described in the literature (e.g., Houben-Weyl, volumes V/1a and 1b, 1972). No claim is made to these within the framework of this invention. The oligomeri- zation and mixed oligomerization can be carried out, e.g., with cationic and anionic catalysts, coordination catalysts, and also thermically or via photochemistry.
The dimers, oligomers and polymers according to formula (a) of this invention are preferred beta olefins having at least one C--C double bond. Typical representatives of these dimers and oligomers are:
The oligomeric beta olefins of this invention can also be mixtures or mixed oligomers. They generally have a carbon number between 10 and 50; their flash point is above 100� C., especially between 105� and 250� C.
They carry 3.0, preferably 4.0 methyl groups per monomeric olefin type according to formula (a). A typical representative of this group is the following having these chemical and physical characteristics:
______________________________________Olefin Types: 2,3-dimethylbutene-2 30-40% 3-methylbutene-2 40-50% butene-2 10-20% 2-methylpropene-1 1-10%C-Number: C14 -C20 Methyl Side Groups: 3.5 to 4 methyl groups per monomer unitBoiling Range 255� C.. boiling starts(DIN 51751) 259� C. 10% 263� C. 50% 264� C. 70% 268� C. 90% 270� C. 95% 279� C. boiling ends______________________________________
The viscosity at 50� C. is about 3.5 mm2 /S, and the flash point is above 110� C. This compounds contains at least one C--C double bond.
Co-monomers include all those compounds--regardless of their molecular weight--which are polymerizable.
The monomeric olefin types of this invention can be dimerized, oligomerized and polymerized to different degrees of polymerization with other co-monomers. Preparation of the dimers, oligomers and/or polymeric homo- and/or copolymers is carried out according to known and suitable polymerization, polycondensation and/or polyaddition processes. The same applies to the conversion of these compounds with functional groups, such as by addition reactions, which are extensively described in the literature (e.g., Houben-Weyl, volume V/1b, 1972). The dimerization, oligomerization and polymerization of olefin types of formula (a) of this invention with other copolymers can be carried out in such a way that at least one, preferably two or more C--C double bonds are contained in each molecule. This is also important for the number of possibly desired epoxy groups to be introduced per molecule. No claim for these processes is made within the framework of this invention.
Of general technical and economic interest according to this invention are also those dimers, oligomers and/or polymers which contain at least one or more of the beta and epoxy olefins of this invention. Such compositions allow control over the reactivity and economy of these compounds as well as over their hydrophobic, abhesive and plasticizing properties.
The epoxydized monomers, oligomers and polymers of this invention are of particular interest. Introduction of at least one epoxide group into the beta olifins of this invention allows reaction with compounds which carry active hydrogen atoms, such as amines, imines, amides, mono- and polybasic acids and their anhydrides.
Of central importance here are not only the well-known hardening and crosslinking reactions with epoxides, but also the introduction of other unsaturated groups, such as C--C double bonds. Of great importance is the introduction of acrylic and methacrylic groups which leads to new derivatives which exhibit excellent reactivity during free radical polymerizations initiated, e.g., by peroxides, irradiation, etc.
Epoxidation of the beta olefins of this invention and their derivatives according to formula (a) can be accomplished by oxidation with peracids, such as per-benzoic acid, hydrogen peroxide, tertiary butylhydroperoxide, etc. (see a.o. Houben-Weyl volume VI/3, 1965). Examples of epoxides according to this invention are:
A further goal of this invention is the utilization of the beta olefins and olefin epoxides of this invention as diluents, solvents and plasticizers in inorganic, organometallic and organic materials. Of particular interest here are the reactive types of olefins alone or in combination with other reactive diluents and solvents such as unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic and methacrylic compounds, etc. Surprisingly, it was found also that the olefins are very compatible with many polyorganosiloxanes and they function as reactive diluents as well as reactive plasticizers. When the beta olefin epoxides are combined with unsaturated compounds, such as unsaturated polyesters, acrylic and methacrylic compounds, etc., which crosslink and harden via free-radical mechanism, these beta olefins and olefin epoxides will form an inert protective layer on the surface which reduces or prevents inhibition of the reaction by oxygen from the air. Simultaneously, these reactive beta olefins and olefin epoxides are chemically bonded into the matrix of the end product. The liquid monomers, oligomers and polymers of this type do not crystallize and thus, contrary to the paraffin additives, do not create any problems on aging and storage. Also, during hardening of such systems at elevated temperatures, the methyl group-rich beta olefins and olefin epoxides of this invention will orient quickly along the surface to form an inert protective layer.
The oligomers and polymers to be used may be chemically inert or they may contain reactive functional groups. Which type of these compounds is applied in specific applications depends on the composition of the formulation, the processing conditions, and the additionally required end properties of the applied product. In a reactive hardenable system such compounds of this invention will preferably be used which carry functional groups which allow these compounds to be chemically bound into the matrix of the applied system. In such materials which harden physically, it is preferred to use nonreactive compounds to prevent additional points of attack by environmental factors against the end product.
The hydrophobic or abhesive systems of this invention can be based upon inorganic, organometallic and organic materials. They can be liquid, pasty, thixotropic, semi-solid and/or solid systems.
The organometallic and organic comonomers useful in this invention include all those compounds which are capable of copolymerization, polycondensation and/or polyaddition with the beta and epoxy olefins rich in methyl side groups. This also includes graft polymerization. The poly-condensation reactions must be based on allylic rearrangement reaction.
The comonomers useful in free-radical, ionic, coordinative, radiation, and photochemically catalyzed polymerization with the beta and epoxy olefins rich in methyl side groups are unsaturated compounds. Included here are monomeric, oligomeric, polymeric and copolymeric compounds having at least one reactive C--C double bond or C--C triple bond in the molecule, as long as they will react with the above-defined beta olefins and olefin epoxides. These comonomers include such compounds as straight chain, branched and substituted alkenes, cycloalkenes, arylalkenes, polyenes and cyclic polyenes, allenes, cumulenes and arenes having 2 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Aryl herein means aromatic hydrocarbon moieties such as phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, anthracyl, phenanthryl, acenapthyl and indenyl as well as aromatic heterocyclics such as pyridinyl, quinolinyl and indolyl. Polyenes and cyclic polyenes have up to 25 double bonds per molecule and include the diphenyl polyenes, carotenes, 1,4 pentadiene, 1,3 butadiene, 1,3 cyclohexadiene, cyclonona-1,3,5 triene, cyclodeca-1,3,5 triene and dicyclopentadiene. The substitution groups include functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen, nitrile, cyanate, amine, amide, imine, imide, sulfonyl, aldehyde, ester, ketone, ketene, urethane, epoxide groups, and the like. The compounds may carry one or several unsaturated groups. Representatives of these compounds are monomers, oligomers and polymers obtained from ethylene, propylene, butylene, isoprene, isobutylene, butadiene, butene-(2)-diol-(1,4), ethine, 3-pentene-1-ine; vinylacetate, vinyl laurate, crotonaldehyde, vinyl halogen, vinylidene halogen, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, acenaphthene, acrylic and methacrylic acids and their esters, acid amides; siloxanes, urethanes and epoxides carrying vinyl, acrylic, methacrylic and/or allylic groups; mono- and or poly-unsaturated mono-, di- and poly-carboxylic acids and their anhydrides and esters, such as triallyltrimellitate; unsaturated polyester resins as, e.g., from maleic acid and/or phthalic acid with saturated and unsaturated glycols.
Polymerization of the beta and epoxy olefins rich in methyl side groups by themselves or with suitable comonomers may be carried out in solvent-free systems, in solutions, or in heterogeneous systems such as emulsion, grain, suspension and/or precipitation polymerization.
For graft reactions and crosslinkings with the olefins high in methyl side groups all natural or synthetic polymers or copolymers may be used containing --CH2 -- and/or ##STR5## which crosslink and/or are capable of graft reactions by radical formation, and all mixtures thereof. Compounds of this type include high- and low-pressure polyethylene of low and high density, chlorinated and chloro-sulfonated polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylic acid ester, ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers, ethylene-propylenecopolymers, vinyl-chloride-vinylidenechloride copolymers, ethylene-propylene-butylene copolymers, vinylchloride-vinylacetate copolymers, polyisoprene (natural rubber), polybutadiene, polychloroprene, synthetic polyisoprene, ethylene-propyleneethylidene norbornene, butadiene-styrene copolymers, butadieneacrylonitrile copolymers, butadiene-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-isoprene block polymers, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, saturated polyesters, polyamides, polyrurethanes, polyethers, polyacetates, etc.
The comonomers useful for polycondensation and polyaddition reactions with the olefins comprise all organometallic and organic compounds capable of such reactions. These comonomers capable of polycondensation carry hydroxyl, halogen and similar reactive groups. Included here are mono-hydric and poly-hydric alcohols, such as glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol; mono-, di- and poly-carboxylic acids and their anhydrides, such as abietic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid; aliphatic and aromatic methylol compounds, such as methylol phenol and urea. For polyaddition reactions particularly those organometallic and organic compounds are useful which carry reactive hydrogen atoms. Included here are primary or secondary amines and amides, aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates, saturated and unsaturated mono- or poly-basic carboxylic acids and their anhydrides, aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, etc. Examples of primary and secondary amines are C1-10 -alkylamines and C1-10 -alkenylamines such as methylamine, cyclobutylmethylamine, and allylamine, arylamines such as aniline, aralkylamines such as benzylamine, ethylenimine, azetidine, pyrrolidine, pyrrole, and piperidine. Examples of primary and secondary amides are acetamide, formamide, beta-phenyl-propionamide, n-butyramide, n-valeramide, stearamide and benzamide. Examples of aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates are phenyl isocyanate, methyl isocyanate and butyl isocyanate. Examples of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes are formaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, cyclobutanecarboxaldehyde, benzaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, and beta-naphthaldehyde. Examples of mono- or poly-basic carboxylic acids are C1-10 -acids such as acetic acid, lauric acid, toluic acid, benzoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, phenylacetic acid, phthalic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and adipic acid. The polyaddition reactions of the olefin types of formula (a) and (b) are different from those compounds of formula (c). With compounds of the type of formula (a) and (b), the addition follows the Markownikoff rule or, during radical addition reaction mechanisms under the influence of radiation or catalysts, such as peroxides, an anti-Markownikoff addition takes places. With the epoxides of the type (c) addition the addition takes place on the epoxide group.
Epoxidation of the beta olefins of formula (a) or (b) can be carried out by oxidation with peracids, such as per-benzoic acid, and also with hydrogen peroxide, tertiary butylhydroperoxide, etc.
Organometallic compounds of silicon are of particular interest in combination with the beta olefins and olefin epoxides.
Addition reactions can be carried out with those compounds which contain Si-H-groups. Included here are reactions which proceed via a radical mechanism, such as those catalyzed by peroxides or irradiation, or those reactions which proceed via radical-/ "ionic" mechanism, as well as reactions catalyzed by noble metals which usually do not proceed via free-radical mechanism. They can also be reached with organo-silicon compounds carrying vinyl and acrylic groups. Surprisingly, it was also found that condensation and crosslinking reactions can be carried out between the olefins and organo-silicon compounds.
Useful organo-silicon compounds are unbranched, branched and/or cyclic silanes, silanols, polysilanes, polyorganosiloxanes, polysilazanes, polysilathianes, polysilalkenyls, polysilarylenes, polysilalkenesiloxanes, polysilarylenesiloxanes, polysilalkylene-silanes, polysilarylenesilanes carrying at least one silicon- and/or organo-functional group, wherein those preferred are .tbd.Si--H, .tbd.Si--OH, .tbd.Si-halogen, .tbd.Si--SH, --CH═CH2 and --O--CO--CR═CH2, and wherein halogen is chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine, and R is H or an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 C-atoms. The beta olefins and olefin epoxides can be used as reactive diluents, solvents, and plasticizers for viscous organo-silicon compounds without affecting their good hydrophobic and abhesive properties. Depending upon the initial viscosity of the organo-silicon compound, its functional groups, and the required viscosity for application, the ratio of organo-silicon compound to the beta olefins and olefin epoxides and their derivatives of this invention can vary between 99:1 and 1:99, whereby they not only act as co-reactants but also as plasticizers and/or diluents.
To copolymerize the beta olefins and olefin epoxides with various compounds, the known reaction initiators for the specific polymerization, polycondensation, polyaddition, vulcanization and graft polymerization systems are used, which generally include all reactive compounds capable of initiating reactions. Besides the copolymers this includes catalysts such as metal complexes, initiators and radical formers such as peroxides, hydroperoxides, per-acids and their derivatives and salts; oxidants such as lead oxide, maganese dioxide; hardeners such as polyamines, polyamidoamines; isocyanates and their derivatives; mercaptans and mercapto compounds. Reaction accelerators, such as those which easily lose an electron and thus, e.g., increase the rate of decomposition of a peroxide, are also included here. These include heavy metal compounds, amines, amides, imines, imides, mercaptans, azo compounds, etc.
These reactions can also be carried out photochemically via photo-initiators and UV irradiation; via ionized beams such as gamma-rays, x-rays, electron and ion beams; IR-beams and/or emitted IR-beams.
The materials of this invention can be modified with additives. Useful additives are plasticizers, oils, tars, asphalts, bituminous products, solvents, dyes, pigments, thixotropes, inorganic or organic fillers and fibers, wetting and leveling agents, etc. Stabilizers and/or inhibitors can also be added.
Processing and application of the hydrophobic or abhesive beta and epoxy olefin compounds, diluents and plasticizers depend upon the consistency of these systems. They can also be adapted and adjusted to different application technologies as well as to the physical, chemical and performance requirements of the cured/hardened finished products by varying composition, reactivity, rheology, etc.
Special processing and application conditions are required for those compounds, diluents and plasticizers which are in solid form. They may be used and applied in the form of solutions, dispersions and/or suspensions in inert solvents including water, or they may be applied from their melt. Polymers of this invention which are melt applied can be processed by known processes such as spraying, pressing, pouring, calendering and/or extruding. These technologies allow the production of shaped articles, films, foils, profiles, tubes, etc.
A further goal of this invention is the application of the hydrophobic and abhesive compositions in many industrial, trade and home uses.
New coatings, lacquers, paints, impregnation and parting agents with improved hydrophobic and/or abhesive properties can be produced with the beta olefins and olefin epoxides. Modification of existing systems and materials with the compounds and materials of this invention can also be produced with considerably improved hydrophobic and/or abhesive properties. Another great advantage of the beta olefins and olefin epoxides is their economy and compatibility with the environment.
When used only as reactive diluents and plasticizers in reactive one- or poly-pot systems, the beta olefins and olefin epoxides offer special advantages because of their higher boiling points and flash points while simultaneously they offer better economy and compatibility with the environment. They can be used in a multitude of existing coatings, lacquers, paints, impregnation and parting materials to replace the inert or reactive, flammable or nonflammable solvents in use today to improve their economy, compatibility with the environment with simultaneous improvement in their hydrophobic and abhesive properties.
The beta olefins and olefin epoxides are particularly useful in polydimethylsiloxane systems which crosslink and harden via addition and condensation reactions and which are used extensively in many areas to impart hydrophobicity and to act as parting agents. Many of these silicone systems have to be used and applied in the form of solutions in inert benzene, toluene, xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc. The compounds of this invention can replace these solvents partially or completely.
The compounds of this invention can also be used as reactive plasticizers in polysiloxane systems. Surprisingly, it was found that polysilicone-based or -containing sealants containing the compounds of this invention exhibit improved paintability.
The beta olefins and olefin epoxides, when used as reactive diluents and plasticizers of this invention are reactively bound into the matrix of the above systems. They improve the hydrophobic and abhesive properties of these systems because of the high methyl group content per monomer unit of the compositions of this invention.
The compounds of this invention exhibit particularly useful properties when incorporated into release coatings and parting agents on paper and plastic films and foils, textiles, fibers, etc. As reactive components in the addition and condensation crosslinking polydimethylsiloxane systems used in these applications, the beta olefins and olefin epoxides will not only act as diluents and solvents but, by adjustment of the methyl group content of the compounds of this invention, it is possible to adjust and control the abhesive properties of these coatings, as measured by the release forces towards sticky materials, such as pressure sensitive adhesives. Since the beta olefins and olefin epoxides contribute many nonpolar methyl groups it is possible to substitute large parts of the polydimethylsiloxane by these compounds to obtain systems with improved abhesive properties. Elimination of the inert solvents and replacement by the reactive beta olefins and olefin epoxides not only improves the economy and compatibility with the environment, but it makes it possible to crosslink, cure and harden at lower temperature, even below 100� C. This also makes it possible to coat temperature-sensitive plastic foils and films with the abhesive materials of this invention.
The beta olefins and olefin epoxides are very useful in combination with unsaturated compounds such as unsaturated polyester resins, acrylic, methacrylic and allylic compounds, which harden and crosslink via free-radical and irradiation induced mechanisms. At a sufficiently high methyl side group content they will form a protective barrier towards oxygen in the air. This suppresses the inhibition of the crosslinking and hardening reaction by oxygen and a non-sticky surface is obtained. This effect may be accomplished by the addition of 10% or less based on the content of reactive material in the system. They are also built into the hardened and cross-linked matrix. This performance is of particular interest in radiation-curable systems since it eliminates the need for a protective gas atmosphere during hardening and crosslinking and it eliminates the need to incorporate synergists.
Another specific application of this invention is the production of films and foils with specific hydrophobic and abhesive properties from the polymeric beta olefin and olefin epoxide compounds. Such hydrophobic, abhesive and soil-rejecting foils and films are useful in the construction industry as abhesive release films and foils for packaging and covering sticky materials, and as substrates such as pressure sensitive adhesives, pressure sensitive adhesive films and tapes. Besides improved properties, they offer better economy and compatibility with the environment.
The beta olefins and olefin epoxides can also be used for the impregnation of natural products such as cellulose fibers, wood chips and shavings, etc., to impart hydrophobicity. Thus, it was surprisingly found that wood chips for the production of particle boards can be made hydrophobic by treatment with these compounds. Saturated isoparaffins do not accomplish this (see ADHAESION, volume 4, 1983). This suggests that the beta olefins and olefin epoxides coreact with the polycondensation and/or polyaddition adhesives and glues used in this application.
Additionally, the beta olefins and olefin epoxides of this invention possess foam regulation properties. Therefore, they are suitable for use as curing accelerators in polyurethane foams.
There are many additional application and use possibilities in industry, the crafts, and the home for the hydrophobic and adhesive beta olefins and olefin epoxides too numerous to be fully enumerated here.
In summary, this invention not only provides new and improved hydrophobic or adhesive compounds, diluents and plasticizers and foam regulators as curing accelerators or inhibitors which eliminate the aforedescribed and other disadvantages of existing systems, they also offer additional application, use and performance advantages which have been sought for a long time. Some of these advantages provided by beta olefins and olefin epoxides are:
New hydrophobic and/or adhesive compositions.
Improvement of the hydrophobic and/or adhesive properties of existing materials by incorporation of the beta olefins and olefin epoxides.
Replacement of existing hydrophobic and/or adhesive materials by the compositions.
Replacement of conventional reactive, inert diluents and plasticizers by one or more liquid beta olefins and olefin epoxides.
Reduction and/or elimination of physiological and toxicological problems as well as environmental problems by the substitution and replacement of presently used hazardous materials by the beta olefins and olefin epoxides.
Greater economy.
The amounts and ratios used in the following non-limiting examples are shown in weight and weight ratio.
The following monomers, oligomers and polymers were used in these examples:
Monomer 1: 2,3-dimethylbutene-2
Monomer 2: 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane
______________________________________Oligomer 1: Oligomer mixture of 2,3-dimethylbutene-2 (40%), 3-methylbutene-2 (45%), butene-2 (15%), and 2-methyl-propene-1 (5%). C-Number: C14 -C20 Side Chains: 3.4 to 4.0 methyl groups per monomer unit Density in g/ml: 0.817 Viscosity/50� C.: 3.5 mm2 /S Flash Point: 112� C. Boiling Range: 255� C. beginning 280� C. ending Double Bonds: 2Polymer 1: Low molecular weight polymer produced from Oligomer 1 C-Number: 80% C60 -C65 20% C30 Side Chains: 2.0 methyl groups per monomer unit Viscosity: 2050 mPa � s Density/15� C.: 0.892 Flash Point: 203� C. Double Bonds: 1______________________________________
The following free-radical-hardening coating materials were produced:
______________________________________ Example 1 2 Comparison______________________________________Bisphenol-A-dimethacrylate 70 70 70Oligomer 1 (diluent) 30 5 --Methylmethacrylate (diluent) -- 25 30N,N-diethylanilin 1 1 1Benzoyl peroxide 4 4 4(50% in plasticizer)______________________________________
The benzoyl peroxide was mixed into the blend of reactants. Sandblasted steel sheets were coated with the 3 final mixtures to a thickness of about 100 microns. All 3 coatings gelled within 10 minutes and were completely hardened after another 20 minutes. The coatings of examples 1 and 2 were non-sticky and easily polishable. The surface of the comparison system remained sticky which is an indication that the complete reaction on the surface was inhibited by the oxygen from the air.
100 g of 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane were reacted with 86 g of acrylic acid to obtain the acrylic-acid-2-hydroxy-1,1,2-trimethylpropylene-ester. Three (3) moles of this ester were mixed with one (1) mole of pentaerythrite-acrylate. This mixture was applied to a sandblasted sheet of steel and cured by an electron beam of 3 Mrd. The coating film was completely hardened through and the surface was not sticky.
A trowellable mass was prepared by adding 3% of polymer 1 to a highly reactive, unsaturated polyester (viscosity about 1000 cp, styrene content about 35%).* For comparison, the same polyester was mixed with 5% paraffin instead of polymer 1. After addition of 4 wt.-% benzoyl peroxide (50% in plasticizer) both mixtures hardened completely within 10 minutes. While the material containing the paraffin remained sticky on the surface, the system containing the polymer of this invention was non-sticky. Both systems were subsequently stored for 4 weeks in completely de-ionized water. The system containing polymer 1 showed no change while the system with the paraffin addition had turned dull and showed cracks in the surface.
The following condensation-curing silicone release materials were prepared and coatings applied:
______________________________________ Example 5 6 Comparison______________________________________alpha,w-dihydroxy-polydimethyl- 10 5siloxaneOligomer 1 (reactive diluent) 90 95 10Toluene (inert diluent) -- -- 90Methyldiethoxysilane (crosslinker) 10 10 10Dibutyl-tin-dilaurate (catalyst) 5 5 5Viscosity/20� C., mPa � s 400 250 500Substrate: satinated paper, 67 g/m2coating weight (wet) g/m2 2-3 2-3 40coating weight (dry) g/m2 2-3 2-3 2Hardening timeat 80� C./sec. 20 20 noneat 120� C./sec. 5 5 15Release force** (FINAT 10) mN/cm 80 87 80Subsequent adhesion (FINAT 11) % 97 90 95______________________________________ *A highly reactive unsaturated polyester resin composed of 35 wt. % phthalic anhydride, 25 wt % maleic anhydride, 26 wt. % diethylene glycol, 15 wt. % ethylene glycol, and preaccelerated with amine. **testing adhesive tape = acrylic adhesive These examples show that with the addition of beta or epoxy olefins, such as oligomer 1, compared with the pure silicone systems, the hardening times are shorter, the reactive diluent is fully built into the hardened matrix, and that analogous release force and subsequent adhesion values are obtained. With the pure silicone release systems (comparison test) th inert diluent has to be evaporated, the hardening times are longer, and the curing temperatures are higher.
The following addition-curing silicon release materials were prepared and coatings applied:
______________________________________ Example Compar- 7 8 ison______________________________________VinylpolydimethylpolysiloxaneViscosity 5.000 mPa � s 50 70 100Oligomer 1 (reactive diluent) 50 30 --Crosslinker 3 3 3Catalyst 0.4 0.4 0.4Viscosity/20� C., mPa � s 300 400 500Substrate: satinated paper, 67 g/m2 2-3 2-3 2-3coating weight g/m2Hardening time/100� C./sec. 30 30 60Hardening time/120� C./sec. 8 8 15Release force (FINAT 10) mN/cm 85 87 87Subsequent Adhesion (FINAT 11) % 94 95 95______________________________________
These examples show that by the addition of the beta and epoxy olefins as reactive diluents, the content of polysiloxanes in the formula can be reduced with constant endproperties.
The following materials for the impregnation of textiles were made:
______________________________________ Example 9 Comparison______________________________________Hydroxyl-modified methylhydrogen- 5 5polysiloxaneOligomer 1 95 --Methylene chloride -- 95Dibutyl-tin-dilaurate, 10% (hardener) 20 20______________________________________
These impregnation materials were used to treat linen fabrics. In the case of the comparison system the solvent methylene chloride had to be evaporated. Both treated fabrics were then sprayed with water and subsequently suspended vertically. While in the case of the comparison the water droplets remained spread on the surface, they pearled up in the case of composition of example 9.
A methylhydrogenpolysiloxane with a viscosity of 150 to 300 mm2 /sec at 25� C. and an average molecular weight of 2,500 was selected as a protective treatment material for building materials. The methylhydrogenpolysiloxane was dissolved in Oligomer 1 and for comparison in Test Benzine S and diluted to application concentrations.
______________________________________ Example 10 Comparison a b c a b c______________________________________Polydimethylsiloxane 3 5 10 5 10 12Oligomer 1 (reactive diluent) 97 95 90 -- --Test Benzine S -- -- -- 95 90 88Catalyst (dibutyl-tin-diacetate) 2 2 2 2 2 2______________________________________
Concrete blocks (Bn 150) were impregnated to saturation with these materials. The impregnated blocks were weighed before and after storage in water for 4 weeks. The water absorption was:
______________________________________a) Example 10 (invention) a) 0.20% of the dry weight b) 0.15% of the dry weight c) 0.11% of the dry weightb) Comparison a) 0.90% of the dry weight b) 0.50% of the dry weight c) 0.30% of the dry weight______________________________________
Water absorption of the untreated blocks was about 12% of the dry weight. The reactive diluent Oligomer 1 partially reacts with the methylhydrogenpolydimethylsiloxane; therefore, the hydrophobicity properties are improved using reduced amounts of the treatment material, and no environmentally incriminating solvents will evaporate as compared to the comparison system using Test Benzine S.
The following organic polysiloxane materials were prepared which are storage-stable under the exclusion of moisture:
______________________________________ Example 11 Comparison a b c a b c______________________________________alpha,w-dihydroxypolydi- 50 70 90 50 70 90methylsiloxaneOligomer 1 50 30 10 -- -- --Silicone oil (polydimethyl- -- -- -- 50 30 10siloxane)Calcium carbonate 20 20 20 20 20 20Finely divided silica 5 5 5 5 5 5(BET 150 m2 /g)Titanium dioxide 1 1 1 1 1 1Dibutyl-tin-diacetate 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7Di-N-methylbenzamido- 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0methylethoxy-silane______________________________________
These systems were produced according to known procedures in a crutcher and degassed in vacuo. These materials were applied to steel plates at a thickness of 3 mm and cured for 3 days at normal conditions. Following this they were coated with an alkyd resin paint (pre- and to-coat). Adhesion (according to Boeing test as described in ASTM D 3359-70) was good for the addition of Oligomer 1 whereas the comparison system showed no adhesion.
10 pbw of a silicone-acrylate* (viscosity 2,000 mPa.s/25� C. were diluted with 50 pbw of acrylic-acid-2-hydroxy-1,1,2-trimethyl-polyester (example 3) and 10 pbw of acrylamide. This mixture was divided, applied to substrates, and cured by EB and UV rays. To these radiation curable materials the following synergists were added: 5% diethoxy-acetophenone, 2% benzophenone, and 2% of an amine-synergist. The following substrates were coated:
______________________________________ Application UV-Hardening Thickness EB-Dosage Lamp 80 W/cmSubstrates microns Mrd seconds______________________________________Paper, 67 g/m2 2 3 5Soft PVC-Foil,100 microns 1 2 --OPP-Foil, 40 microns 1 1 --Steel Plate, 30 5 15sandblasted______________________________________
All these hardened and cured coatings exhibited good hydrophobic and adhesive properties. The values were equal or better than those for pure silicone-acrylates. ##STR6## and additionally contains a hydrogensiloxane crosslinker of the formula: ##STR7##
95 parts by weight of a bisphenol A epoxide with an average epoxide value of 0.55 and a viscosity of ca. 15,000 mPa.s at 25� C. were diluted with 5 parts by weight of 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane. The resulting mixture had an epoxide value of 0.57 and a viscosity of ca. 12,500 mPa.2 at 25� C. 35 parts by weight of a cycloaliphatic diamine (LAROMIN�C), H-active equivalent weight 60, were added to and homogeneously mixed with the 100 parts by weight of epoxide-resin mixture. This finished coating agent had a pot life of 40 minutes and cured through completely within 24 hours. Concrete of quality class Bn 150 was impregnated with this coating material. In comparison with the coating material without 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane, the penetration of the epoxide-resin mixture of the invention into the concrete surface was ca. 30% greater. In addition, the hydrophobic properties at the surface were improved.
50 parts by weight of the epoxide resin according to Example 13a were diluted with 50 parts by weight of 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane. The resulting impregnating agent had an epoxide value of 0.77 and a viscosity of ca. 3,500 mPa.2 at 25� C. After addition of 50 parts by weight of a cycloaliphatic diamine, H-active equivalent weight 60, this mixture was used as a deep impregnating agent for concrete. A concrete block (20�10�5 cm) of quality class Bn 250 was impregnated therewith. The impregnating agent penetrated ca. 1.5 cm into the concrete surface. After 48-hour curing of the impregnating agent at ca. 22� C., the impregnated concrete block was stored for 30 days in water at 20� C. The water absorption in this period was only 1.8 weight percent relative to the dry sample of building material.
To 80 parts by weight of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate were added and well intermixed 20 parts by weight of 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane. A cationic photoinitiator, a tripheynylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate (UVE 1016 of General Electric) was then added. With this mixture a coating film was prepared on a glass plate with a 20-micron doctor blade. The film was then cured with UV rays. The UV lamp had a power of 80 watt/cm. The irradiation time was 60 seconds. The film was cured through well and exhibited a considerably improved hydrophobic surface in comparison with a composition without 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane.
An impregnating agent was prepared from 50 parts by weight of 2,3-epoxyheptadeca-methyldodecane (epoxide value 0.23) and 50 parts by weight of epoxidized oligomer mixture 1 (epoxide value 0.37). The mixture had an average epoxide value of 0.3. A polyamino imidazoline curing agent, H-active equivalent weight 93 and viscosity 0.2 Pa.2, was added to this mixture. Porous materials were impregnated with this impregnating agent and the following results were obtained:
______________________________________ Water Absorption After 28 Day Storage Penetration in Water (20� C.)Material in mm %______________________________________Sprucewood 0.5 1.212% moisture contentParticleboard 0.3 0.78% moisture contentConcrete Bn 250 3.2 0.5318% moisture content______________________________________
The pot life of the impregnating agent was ca. 5 hours and the curing time was 36 hours.
50 parts by weight of a polymethylhydrogen-siloxane with ca. 40 SiH groups and a viscosity of 18 mm2.s-1 are mixed homogenously with 200 parts by weight of oligomer 1. Thereafter the pH is adjusted with ammonia to the slightly alkaline value of 7.5 to 8.0. Just before use, 10% of a 10% platinum catalyst (hexachloroplatinic(IV) acid hexahydrate) is added and homogeneously intermixed.
With this reaction mixture,
a) spruce wood was impregnated for hydrophobic finish and
b) silicone-treated base papers were finished adhesively.
a) For the wood impregnation, spruce-wood blocks (15�5�5 cm) were dried in the drying chamber to a residual moisture content of 3%. 3 wood blocks were placed for 30 minutes in the above reaction mixture and then stored at room temperature for 24 hours for curing. Thereafter the impregnated wood blocks and one nonimpregnated wood block were placed in a tank containing tap water (20� C.). The water absorption in % was determined at intervals of 20 hours.
______________________________________ Untreated Wood Impregnated WoodHours H2 O Absorption % H2 O Absorption %______________________________________20 25.5 6.040 28.0 8.560 30.0 10.080 31.0 11.0100 32.0 13.0______________________________________
b) Using the same reaction mixture, release papers were also prepared by coating. A thin film was applied onto a silicone-treated base paper (64 g/m2) by means of a glass rod. The coating density was ca. 1.5 g/m2. Cross-linking or curing was effected at +170� C. in the drying chamber. The release papers had the following values:
______________________________________Release force (FINAT No. 10): 15-18 mN/cmResidual adhesive force (FINAT No. 11): 95-99%Test adhesive strips TESAFILM 154______________________________________
The following silicone-rubber sealing composition was prepared:
______________________________________60.0 parts by weight of α,ω-dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane24.0 parts by weight of heptadecamethyldodecane6.0 parts by weight of di-N-methylbenzamidomethylethoxy- silane9.7 parts by weight of silicic acide, pyrogenic, BET 150 m2 /g0.3 parts by weight of dibutyl tin acetate______________________________________
At a relative air humidity of ca. 65%, this sealing composition has a skin-formation time of ca. 5 to 10 minutes and cures through--depending on film thickness--in 24 to 36 hours. After 14 days, the cured vulcanized product had the following values:
______________________________________Tensile strength (DIN 53 504, S 3 A): 1.75 N/mm2Elongation at break (DIN 53 504, S 3 A): 850%Shore A hardness (DIN 53 505): 15______________________________________
The vulcanized product exhibited the value of 0.1 in the migration test. In the migration test, the cured vulcanized product is placed in the sandwich process between two glass plates covered on the inner surface with absorbent paper, and loaded for 7 days with a 5-kg weight. The size of the outlined migration spots is measured.
To improve the uniform and accelerated curing of a moisture-curing, polyurethane-based expanded insulating material, the following procedure was effected:
a) Preparation of the prepolymer
44.4 parts by weight of diphenylmethylenediisocyanate
35.6 parts by weight of polyalcohol mixture
20.0 parts by weight of trichlorotrifluoroethane
b) Polyalcohol mixture
54.0 parts by weight of polyether triol (reaction product) of triethanolamine with 17 mol of propylene oxide)
14.0 parts by weight of ethylene-oxide-based polyether diol (molecular weight ca. 1,000)
28.0 parts by weight of diisobutyl phthalate
4.0 parts by weight of 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-decamethylnonane
Components a) and b) are mixed in the ratio of 1:3. The curing of the expanded insulating material was effected at 23� C. and a relative air humidity of 65%.
With an application of 0.5 mm on a cross-banded lumber veneered board, the achieved thickness, in mm, of expanded material was
______________________________________Insulating expanded composition 2.8without 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-decamethylnonaneInsulating expanded composition 6.1with 4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8-decamethylnonane______________________________________
This synergetic effect due to the methyl-group-rich hydrocarbon was unexpected.
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________Comparative test results with unmodified and modified silicone releaseagents FORCE OF DEPRESSION CROSS- APPLI- RELEASE ADHESION OF FORCE OF SILICON/ PAPER WEB LINKING CATION FORCE TO STEEL ADHESION MODIFIER* WEIGHT VELOCITY TEMP. WEIGHT a b c a b c a b cSystem RATIO g/m2 m/Hin. �C. g/m2 cN/cm cN/cm %__________________________________________________________________________SOLVENT- 100:0 67 150 200 1.2 4 15 46 10 11 12 6 2 0FREE 80:20 67 200 190 1.2 6 13 85 10 12 10 6 0 11ADDITION 60:40 67 200 190 0.9 5 27 31 9 11 10 12 3 5SYSTEM 40:60 67 100 190 1.4 3 10 22 10 10 11 5 8 2 100:0 130 150 200 1.2 20 75 169 8 10 7 22 1 34 80:20 130 150 200 0.4 15 41 143 8 9 9 23 14 13 60:40 130 150 200 0.5 6 10 65 10 11 10 4 0 10 40:60 130 150 200 0.3 7 28 75 9 9 9 10 19 11SOLVENT- 100:0 67 150 190 0.6 6 22 48 10 10 11 7 8 2CONTAIN- 80:20 67 150 190 0.4 9 21 86 9 10 10 12 9 6ING 60:40 67 150 190 0.4 7 19 71 11 10 10 1 7 8ADDITION 40:60 67 110 190 0.4 6 16 45 9 9 11 16 15 2SYSTEM__________________________________________________________________________ *oligomer 1 Legend: Test adhesive tape TESAFIX 4970 a = after 1 hour/20� C./without pressure load b = after 24 hours/70� C./with pressure load 200 N/100 cm2 c = after 7 days/70� C./with pressure load 200 N/100 cm2 Siliconetreated base papers: AV100 AlgroSol
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 23, 1942
|Jan 25, 1944
|Gen Electric
|Copolymer of divinyl benzene polymers and unsaturated alkyd resins
|Nov 2, 1955
|Sep 13, 1960
|Phillips Petroleum Co
|Glass fiber treated with the reaction product of a liquid polymer of a conjugated diene and silicon halide
|Nov 29, 1963
|May 3, 1966
|Dow Corning
|Olefin-substituted silicone potting compounds
|Dec 13, 1963
|Jun 6, 1967
|Goodyear Tire & Rubber
|Polymerization of epoxides and episulfides
|Jan 8, 1965
|Jun 27, 1967
|Dow Corning
|Silicone controlled release agents
|Aug 28, 1962
|Sep 12, 1967
|Hercules Inc
|Vulcanizable copolymers of oxetanes and halogen substituted epoxides
|Mar 14, 1969
|Feb 22, 1972
|Exxon Research Engineering Co
|Moisture-curable polymers
|Jul 6, 1970
|Dec 11, 1973
|Sun Research Development
|Polyisobutylene oil having a high viscosity index
|Mar 13, 1972
|Jun 4, 1974
|Union Rheinische Braunkohlen
|Preparation of fuels for supersonic aircraft
|Feb 3, 1975
|Jan 11, 1977
|Owens-Illinois, Inc.
|Substrate coating composition
|Dec 5, 1974
|Nov 8, 1977
|Sjoo Gunnar Arthur S
|Method of impregnating wood with plastics
|Oct 3, 1973
|Apr 11, 1978
|Union Carbide Corporation
|Addition of unsaturated epoxy monomer to Si-H with chloroplatinic acid and HCl-acceptor
|Jan 26, 1978
|May 15, 1979
|Wacker-Chemie Gmbh
|Adhesive repellent coatings and substrates coated therewith
|Jul 5, 1978
|Aug 28, 1979
|Dainichi-Nippon Cables, Ltd.
|Poly-4-methylpentene-1 composition
|Mar 12, 1979
|Feb 10, 1981
|Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd.
|Fluorine-containing polyesters, and their production and use
|May 5, 1980
|Sep 8, 1981
|Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft
|Process for preparing 2,3-dimethyl-butene-2
|Jan 26, 1989
|Jul 10, 1990
|Rudolf Hinterwaldner
|Hydrophobic and/or abhesive materials, reactive diluents
|Title not available
|Jun 11, 1979
|Feb 16, 1983
|Union Carbide Corporation
|Radiation curable silicon release compositions, their use in making coated articles and laminates and the articles and laminates produced thereby
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Chem. Abst. 53:8712d (Nobyuyki) 1958.
|Chem. Abst. 73:109,061d (Osokin et al) 1970.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Feb 1, 1994
|Dec 26, 1995
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Printable release
|Jun 7, 1995
|Aug 6, 1996
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Printable release
|Jun 7, 1995
|Apr 15, 1997
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Printable release
|Feb 26, 1997
|Feb 23, 1999
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Printable release
|Oct 26, 1998
|Nov 16, 1999
|Moore Business Forms, Inc.
|Printable release
|Dec 12, 1997
|May 2, 2000
|Avery Dennison Corporation
|Radiation-curable release compositions containing cellulose fibers
|Aug 17, 1998
|Sep 5, 2000
|Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
|Curable rubber composition
|Jan 28, 1999
|Oct 2, 2001
|Advanced Technology Materials, Inc.
|Quartz crystal microbalance sensors and semiconductor manufacturing process systems comprising same
|Aug 3, 2000
|Nov 26, 2002
|Avery Dennison Corporation
|Release composition
|May 29, 2001
|May 6, 2003
|Hercules Incorporated
|Non-aqueous release from paper machine equipment
|Nov 20, 2003
|Jul 20, 2006
|Tsutomu Takashima
|Thermosetting resin composition
|Oct 30, 2008
|Apr 30, 2009
|Pressley Mark W
|Additives for improved adhesion to oily substrates
|Dec 3, 1998
|Jun 24, 1999
|Avery Dennison Corp
|Radiation-curable release compositions containing cellulose fibers
|May 23, 2002
|Dec 5, 2002
|Hercules Inc
|Non-aqueous release from paper machine equipment
|U.S. Classification
|524/109, 525/185, 525/239, 525/218, 525/454, 524/114, 525/231, 525/186, 525/107, 525/240, 525/423, 525/226, 525/232, 525/190, 525/227, 525/241
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 30, 1992
Owner name: PERMETHYL CORPORATION, THE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:HINTERWALDNER, RUDOLPH;REEL/FRAME:005990/0952
Effective date: 19920107
|Nov 29, 1994
|Certificate of correction
|Oct 7, 1996
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 5, 2000
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|May 13, 2001
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 17, 2001
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20010511


text:
Jane Austen's Venture into Tragedy
Harris, H. R., Contemporary Review
Jane Austen's novels are, on the whole, light, amusing and reassuring. They generate little in the way of anxiety or fear. Mansfield Park however is an exception. It differs from the rest in that its mood is more sombre and its content more serious. In the opening chapters we fear for the well-being of the heroine, Fanny Price, and this fear is maintained, perhaps somewhat artificially, in the second half of the book.
There is a straightforward explanation for this unusual degree of fear. At the time Jane Austen started planning Mansfield Park (1811) she had recently read, or re-read, Shakespeare's King Lear, and took a conscious decision to incorporate the themes of this highly tragic play into her new book. The evidence for this is threefold. First, the structure of Mansfield Park corresponds to that of Lear. Next, there are striking textual similarities between the two works. Next, there is very strong circumstantial evidence that in 1811 she was interested in Lear, had a particular view of Lear, and incorporated that view in Mansfield Park.
Let us begin with the structure. In Lear the king has three daughters: Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. At the age of eighty he decides to hand over power to his daughters, and divides his kingdom among them. But the division is not fair. He allocates a better portion to his favourite, Cordelia, than to the others. Further, he insists on declarations of love from each daughter, in the belief that Cordelia, whom he loves most, will express stronger feelings of love, and therefore merit her preferential treatment.
This plan goes disastrously wrong. Goneril and Regan express false sentiments of love. Cordelia, who does indeed love her father truly, cannot bring herself to emulate their flattery. Accordingly she is disinherited by Lear, and her portion of the kingdom divided between her two sisters. Despite this disinheritance, the King of France offers to marry her. She accepts and becomes Queen of France.
This main plot is echoed in the sub-plot. The Duke of Gloucester has two sons, one legitimate and loyal - Edgar, and one illegitimate and disloyal Edmund. Edmund deceives Gloucester into thinking that Edgar is plotting against him. So the loyal Edgar is forced to flee his father's house, and Gloucester places his trust in the disloyal Edmund. To evade capture, Edgar assumes the guise of a madman - 'Poor Tom'.
The two plots cross at several points. Towards the end both Goneril and Regan make advances to Edmund. Of the two, Edmund appears to favour Goneril, despite the fact that she is married, whereas Regan, through the recent death of her husband, is free to marry.
Ultimately Lear is made to realize the falseness of Goneril and Regan, and the honesty of Cordelia. Gloucester realizes the loyalty of Edgar, and the disloyalty of Edmund. The action of the play leads to the death of all the leading characters, good and evil alike, with the exception of Edgar who survives to rebuild the shattered kingdom.
Mansfield Park follows this general structure. Sir Thomas Bertram, the owner of Mansfield Park, is the equivalent of Lear. He has two daughters of his own - Maria and Julia. They are spoilt, self-willed and calculating. He takes charge of his niece, Fanny Price, who becomes in effect his third and youngest daughter. In contrast to Maria and Julia, she is modest, self-effacing and truly loving. So in general terms Maria, Julia and Fanny represent Goneril, Regan and Cordelia.
The parallel between Cordelia and Fanny is underlined by Jane Austen's choice of name. 'Fanny' is a diminutive of Frances, and this point is made clear at the very start of the book. 'Fanny' therefore is not just another girl's name, but an explicit pointer that Fanny stands for Cordelia, Queen of France.
Sir Thomas also has two sons - Tom and Edmund. Again there is a parallel in the names - Tom standing for Edgar/Poor Tom, and Edmund for the Edmund in Lear. …


text:
Bow Scabbard
Bow Scabbard: If a horse is your primary means to getting to the top of the mountain, or Bow Scabbard is exactly what you will need to store and protect your bow while in route.
- 1000 D Cordura Construction
- 6 Steel Loops for lashing onto saddles
- Easy access flap
- Padded back
P/N 70503 Bow Scabbard Buy Now $119.99
Bow Scabbard open with bow inside. (Bow not included)


text:
Atlanta Braves
Sponsored By
Nats Lose Jordan Zimmermann's Last Start, 2-0Jordan Zimmermann took the loss in what will likely be his final appearance for the team that drafted him in 2007.
Taylor's Pinch-Hit HR Lifts Nationals Over Braves, 5-2 in 10Michael Taylor, nursing a sore right knee, had a pinch-hit, three-run homer in the bottom of the 10th inning to lift the Washington Nationals to a 5-2 win over the Atlanta Braves on Friday night.
Nats Use Historic Night to Get Back On TrackNationals win 15-1 on Thursday as Bryce Harper displays historic patience, while Ryan Zimmerman continues to hit the cover off the ball.
Zimmerman, Zimmermann Lead Rout of BravesNats move within 6 games of the 1st-place New York Mets, who were off Thursday, in the NL East. The Braves have lost 9 straight & 16 of 17.
Wieters' 11th-Inning HR Gives Orioles 2-1 Win Over BravesPlaying at home for the first time since the All-Star break, the Baltimore Orioles pulled out a victory against the Braves.
Fister, Nationals Handed Rare Loss from Wisler, Braves, 4-1
Bryce Harper Selfies With Fans Before 6-1 WinLast night, Bryce Harper visited a cluster of Nationals faithful before the game, grabbing one fan's phone and posing for a group selfie.
Desmond's Sac Fly in 11th Lifts Nationals Past Braves, 2-1Ian Desmond hit a sacrifice fly with the bases loaded in the bottom of the 11th inning to lift the Nationals over the Braves.
Strasburg Gets Braves' Attention in 3-1 Loss to NationalsStephen Strasburg didn't allow a run while pitching through the fifth inning Tuesday, and the Braves' rally against the bullpen fell short.
Harper Doubles and Singles, Nationals Beat Braves for SweepStreaking slugger Bryce Harper doubled, singled and drove in another run — but didn't homer — as the Washington Nationals beat the Atlanta Braves 5-4 Sunday for a sweep of the three-game series.
Bryce Harper Continues Power Streak, Leads Nationals To 9-2 VictoryBryce Harper and Danny Espinosa each hit 2 HR to power the Washington Nationals past the Atlanta Braves 9-2 on Friday night.
Zimmermann Does it All to Help Nationals Win 2nd StraightJordan Zimmermann won for the first time in four starts and hit a three-run single to help the Washington Nationals beat the Atlanta Braves 13-4 on Wednesday night.


text:
The views of solar flares from Mercury; the acid smog atmosphere on Venus.
Travel into space to explore strange planets of our solar system.
A tour of the stunning volcanoes and canyons of Mars.
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Diller-Odell Principal Christopher Prososki was a guest on our Public Affairs program this weekend. He was recently named Outstanding New Principal of the Year, by the Nebraska State Association of Secondary School Principals. He has implemented a technology committee, initiated a discipline pyramid, and started a student advisory committee since taking the job in 2012.Read More »
Tag Archives: advisory
Diller-Odell Principal Named Outstanding New Principal Of The Year
Boil Water Advisory Issued For The City of Clifton
TOPEKA, Kan. – The Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) has issued a boil water advisory for the public water supply located in the City of Clifton in Clay and Washington Counties. KDHE officials issued the advisory because of a power outage resulting in a loss of pressure. Failure to maintain adequate pressure may result in a loss of …Read More »
Centralia Lake open for swimming
Centralia Lake use restrictions on water contact have been lifted. KDHE says it has rescinded the advisory for Centralia City Lake in Nemaha County. The water is deemed safe for public use and there are no longer restrictions on activity.Read More »
KBI searching for a missing 14 year old
KBI Media Advisory The Great Bend Police Department is asking for the public's assistance in locating a missing 14 year old female. Alicia DEBOLT, DOB 05/01/1996, female, 5'04", 118 lbs, brown hair, blue eyes Alicia was last seen wearing blue jean shorts, gray hooded sweatshirt with Jayhawk emblem on the front. Her hair was pulled back into a pony …Read More »


text:
Stayed for a week at Meninx.
Must say when we 1st arrived i was a little bit unsure what to expect.
The staff are all very very friendly, most speak fluent french and some speak English also.
The beach is simply wonderful. We took long walks and i have to say that its by far the best one.
No mini bar. The staff was kind enough to, without anyone asking, tune a Portuguese chanel. How good and though full is that?.
Beds are kinda small but the room is very very clean.
We only had a shower no bathtub.
A lot of giant ants :)
Always a lot of salads, 2 grilled dishes ( liver is almost always one of them), typical food and medieranian food (lunch and diner).
Breakfast is ok, although for a fresh real orange juice u pay extra (1 euro i think). Scrambled eggs, omelets etc. No bacon!
All included is pression drink beer, Coca Cola Sprite Fanta tea coffee kinda bad the coffee) and national alcool drink, one made of fig and the other from "Tamaras" ( national very tasty fruit). No water bottles!! You have machines that provide water all over the hotel (bottled water) but no bottles.
At 4 pm they do pancakes and serve some cakes
Animation team
"Ice ice" very nice animation team! Momo, Calimero, Max, Bisha and all the others are really friendly!! Everyday theres a new show and there are always a lot of activities to do!
Caribbean style!! Hot water, clean and pale sand.
Camels, Horses and vendors, but very good!
Ahhh. The hotel has a photographer! very good !
Thats bout it.
Hope you will like it!
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Travelocity and Hotels.com so you can book your Hotel Meninx reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Meninx Hotel Djerba
- Meninx Resort Djerba


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bassani is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Bilgé Ögün Bassani, Chief Executive Officer of the Association François-Xavier Bagnoud (FXB International)
- Francesco Maria Bazzani (c.1650 – c.1700), Italian baroque composer
- Franco Bassani (1929–2008), Italian physicist
- Giorgio Bassani (1916–2000), Italian novelist
- Giovanni Battista Bassani (1650 ? – 1716), an Italian composer, violinist, and organist
- Luca Bassani (born c. 1956), founder of Wally Yachts
See also[edit]
- Gaia Bassani Antivari (born 1978), alpine skier
- Bassano (disambiguation)
|This page or section lists people with the surname Bassani. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.


text:
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Organic Food Bar, Protein, 12 Bars, (75 g) Each
By Organic Food Bar44 Reviews
Expiration Date:?Jan 2017
Expiration Date
The length of time for the expiration date or "best used before" date depends on the type of product, as well as the brand.
Perishable items (such as flax oils or certain probiotics) generally have shorter expiration dates. Although our warehouse is fully air-conditioned, these more fragile items are put in cold storage (freezer or refrigeration unit) for maximum freshness.
Our receiving department does its best to verify and then enter the correct expiration dates for all incoming products. However, discrepancies do occur from time to time. This being said, the exceptionally high turnover at iHerb ensures that our inventory is among the freshest in the industry.
Shipping Weight:?2.66 lbs (1.21 kg)
Shipping Weight
The Shipping Weight includes the product, protective packaging material and the actual shipping box. In addition, the Shipping Weight may be adjusted for the Dimensional Weight (e.g. length, width & height) of a package. It is important to note that certain types of products (e.g. glass containers, liquids, fragile, refrigerated or ice packed) will often require protective packaging material. As such, these products will reflect a higher Shipping Weight compared to the unprotected product.
- Product Code: OFB-00302
- UPC Code: 873521003023
- Package Quantity: 12 Bars, (75 g) Each
- Dimensions: 2 x 5.8 x 8.5 in, 2.25 lbs (1.02 kg)
Total: $52.65
Combo Discount: -$12.00
Together: $40.65
Product Overview
Organic Meal From the Planet to the People
We all know that we need to eat right to be healthy, but sometimes it simply is not convenient. Organic Food Bars solve this problem and they taste great too! Now, "fast food" can be healthy food. With Organic Food Bars you finally have the best of both worlds; the convenience of a bar and the alkaline-forming nutritional quality you need to eat healthier than ever before.
Other Ingredients
Organic brown rice protein, organic tapioca syrup, organic dates, organic almond butter, organic raisins, organic bio sprouts - flax, organic sesame seeds and lots of love!
No preservatives, additives or coatings. Gluten free.
*Tested to <3ppm of gluten
Contains almonds. Manufactured in a facility that processes nuts, tree nuts, peanuts, seeds, soy, wheat and dairy (milk).
Caution: May contain pieces of date pits, stems, nut shells or seeds. This product contains natural or other ingredients, one or more of which is listed by the state of California as a carcinogen and or reproductive toxin.
|Supplement Facts
|Serving Size: (75 g) one bar
|Amount Per Serving
|Fat Cal.
|Total Fat
|9 g
|Sat. Fat
|1.4 g
|Trans Fatty Acids
|0 g
|0 mg
|5 mg
|Total Carb.
|33 g
|Total Dietary Fiber
|8 g
|18 g
|22 g
|Vitamin A
|Vitamin C
|* Percent Daily Values (DV) are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
iHerb Customer Reviews
Organic Food Bars are the healthiest food bars on the market today. I used to order 2 boxes of these every month from another company. I am soooooo glad that iherb started stocking them. The chocolate ones taste the best...but these Protein ones are fantastic for a huge serving of alkaline forming protein. Many "health" bars make you feel bad after eating them. Just give these a try - they make you feel great with long lasting energy. Thanks IHERB!
Good organic product. For a high protein content like this, it is a bit sticky/powdery and as such a tad hard to swallow. Also, if you are easily prone to cold sores break outs, beware the high amount of almond butter in this (a great source of amino acid arginine, which can aggrevate cold sore break outs). UPDATE: After having analysed "Organic Agave Nectar" risks, I downgraded this. It's super high on fructose, chemically extracted from the Agave Nectar (far from being organic untouched produce) and in effect as bad if not worse than high fructose corn syrup. The company should really change the sweetener to something more natural and healthier.


text:
Read Nana To Kaoru Manga Online
Kaoru is a 17-year-old virgin who has an SM fetish. He secretly dreams about an SM relationship with his childhood friend Nana. One day Kaoru's mom asks Nana to hide all his SM toys so he'll study for a change. However, Nana finds the leather one-piece that Kaoru bought and tries it on, but she accidentally locks it and doesn't have the key! The beginning of their super strange relationship. Due to the popularity of Nana to Kaoru, the series resumes publication in Young Animal and chapter 22 is the final chapter in Young Animal Arashi. Publication of the series will continue in Young Animal, but renumbered as chapter 1 while maintaining the same name and storyline.
Alternative name(s)Attache-Moi (French)
Nana & Kaoru
Нана и Каору
نانا و كاورو
Nana and Kaoru


text:
Worldwide Locations
A ChinaFile panel of experts assess whether China might finally be out of patience with its intractable smaller neighbor.
In a lively discussion with China bear Jim Chanos, economist (and China bull) Stephen Roach notes the key areas of reform he thinks China will implement to continue on a succesful path for growth.
Watch a variety of videos featuring Charles "Lil Buck" Riley, who traveled to China in 2011 with Asia Society's Center on U.S.-China Relations and recently appeared on The Colbert Report.
In pictures: a roster of distinguished panelists and guests celebrate the launch of ChinaFile, a new online magazine from Asia Society's Center on U.S.-China Relations.
Six former and current New York Times China correspondents gathered at Asia Society New York to discuss what's changed, what's stayed the same, and where it's all headed.
Today marks the official launch of ChinaFile, a new website project by Asia Society's Center on U.S.-China Relations that promises "a wealth of resources in English for the aspiring China Hand."
U.S. Ambassador to China Gary Locke joined ABC News' George Stephanopoulos and Asia Society's Orville Schell in a wide ranging discussion on U.S.-China relations Monday night in New York.
On Monday, December 17, at 5 p.m. ET, Asia Society will launch its Asia: Beyond the Headlines discussion series with U.S. Ambassador to China Gary Locke, who will be joined on our New York stage by George Stephanopoulos, of ABC News, and Asia Society's own Orville Schell.
December at Asia Society is shaping up to be quite a month, with A-list events across our global network. From policy to business to security to health, some of the biggest names in their respective fields will speak to Asia Society audiences in New York, Hong Kong, and Washington, D.C.
Asia Society's Orville Schell explains how China's government suffers from a "leadership deficit."
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