text:
2014 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Moderate Advancement
In 2014, Nigeria made a moderate advancement in efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labor. The Government continues to fund and participate in programs that focus on the prevention and elimination of the worst forms of child labor. Law enforcement officials received child labor training, and the states of Ogun and Oyo approved Action Plans on Child Labor. The Senate and House of Representatives passed a bill to restrict the ability of judges to offer fines in lieu of prison time for human trafficking offenses. However, children in Nigeria are engaged in child labor, including in agriculture, and in the worst forms of child labor, including in armed conflict. The legal framework has inconsistencies regarding child labor, and the minimum age for work is below international standards. Due to budget constraints, the Government did not take actions to implement the 2013 National Action Plan on the Elimination of Child Labor.
English (PDF)
Previous Reports:
I. Prevalence and Sectoral Distribution of Child Labor
Children in Nigeria are engaged in child labor, including in agriculture. Children are also engaged in the worst forms of child labor, including in armed conflict.(1-7) Table 1 provides key indicators on children's work and education in Nigeria.
Working children, ages 5 to 14 (% and population):
31.1 (13,924,739)
School attendance, ages 5 to 14 (%):
Children combining work and school, ages 7 to 14 (%):
Primary completion rate (%):
Source for primary completion rate: Data from 2010, published by UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2015.(8)
Source for all other data: Understanding Children's Work Project's analysis of statistics from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 4, 2011.(9)
Based on a review of available information, Table 2 provides an overview of children's work by sector and activity.
Mining and quarrying granite and gravel and breaking granite into gravel (3, 12-15)
Harvesting sand (16)
Categorical Worst Forms of Child Labor‡
Commercial sexual exploitation, sometimes as a result of human trafficking (1, 3-5, 10, 23)
Begging, domestic service, street hawking, mining and quarrying gravel and granite, and work in agriculture, including in cocoa, as a result of human trafficking (1, 3-5, 12, 21, 23-25)
Used in illicit activities for armed groups, sometimes as a result of forced recruitment, including participating in extortion, intimidation, armed robbery, and drug trafficking (3, 5, 10, 22)
Used in armed conflict, sometimes as a result of forced recruitment, including as messengers, transporters, informants, spies, and suicide bombers (4-7, 23, 26, 27)
* Evidence of this activity is limited and/or the extent of the problem is unknown.
‡ Child labor understood as the worst forms of child labor per se under Article 3(a) (c) of ILO C. 182.
In northern Nigeria, many families send children from rural to urban areas to live with and receive a Koranic education from Islamic teachers known as mallams. These children, known as almajiri, may receive lessons, but teachers often force them to beg on the streets and surrender the money they collect.(1, 4, 22, 28) In December 2010, the Ministerial Committee on Madrasah Education estimated that Nigeria had about 9.5 million almajiri.(5)
Nigeria is a source, transit, and destination country for child trafficking.(4, 29) Children in Nigeria are trafficked internally to work in agriculture, begging, domestic service, mining, quarrying, and street hawking.(4, 23, 24) Children from Nigeria are trafficked to Equatorial Guinea, where they may be forced to work as domestic servants, market laborers, vendors, and launderers.(30) Nigerian children are also trafficked to Saudi Arabia and forced to work as beggars and street vendors.(28, 31) Girls from Nigeria are trafficked to Europe for commercial sexual exploitation.(4, 23)
Children from Benin, Ghana, and Togo are trafficked to Nigeria, where many are forced to work in granite mines.(4) Boys from Niger are subjected to forced labor, including forced begging in Nigeria, by corrupt mallams.(28, 32)
Pervasive poverty, coupled with mass unemployment and a poor education system, has created an atmosphere in which youth are susceptible to participation in armed conflict with various groups, including ethnic-based militia organizations, criminal gangs, extremist groups, and partisan political organizations, such as party "youth wings."(22, 33-35) Children as young as age 8 are recruited, and sometimes forced, into such groups. Street children are most at risk for recruitment.(22) Research did not find reports of children being used in the Government's armed forces.
The terrorist group Jama'atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda'awati wal-Jihad, commonly known as Boko Haram, recruited and used child soldiers during the reporting period.(7, 22, 25-28, 37) Boys as young as 11 years old were reportedly forced to fight, plant bombs, spy, and act as suicide bombers.(7) Girls have been abducted by Boko Haram for domestic labor, sexual exploitation, and to act as suicide bombers.(25, 28, 38) Borno State's Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) works with security forces by identifying and helping to arrest suspected Boko Haram members.(39) Research found that children as young as 14 years old have joined the CJTF and other civilian vigilante groups, either voluntarily or forcibly, to man checkpoints, gather intelligence, and participate in armed patrols.(22, 27, 28, 39) Although it is unclear whether the CJTF forcibly recruited children under age 18 during the reporting period, the Nigerian military has reportedly told the group not to allow children to join.(22, 28)
Boko Haram has continued to carry out regular attacks on primary and secondary schools in Northeast Nigeria. Boko Haram shot and burned to death 59 boys at a secondary school in Buni Yadi, Yobe State, in February 2014.(6, 36, 37) In April 2014, Boko Haram abducted 276 girls from a secondary school in Chibok, Borno State.(6, 7) In addition to targeted attacks, Boko Haram threatens and intimidates teachers and students to keep them from going to school.(6, 7) This insecurity has led to mass school closures in the Northeast and the withdrawal of many students, especially girls, from school.(3, 6, 7, 38, 39)
Although free and compulsory education is federally mandated by the 2004 Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act, little enforcement of compulsory education laws occurs at the state level.(5) While some states do offer free education, free universal compulsory education does not yet fully exist in Nigeria.(3) School fees are often charged, and the cost of books, uniforms, and other supplies can be prohibitive for low-income families.(5) Under financial strain, many families choose to send girls to work and boys to school.(3)
II. Legal Framework for the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Nigeria has ratified all key international conventions concerning child labor (Table 3).
ILO C. 138, Minimum Age
ILO C. 182, Worst Forms of Child Labor
UN CRC Optional Protocol on Armed Conflict
UN CRC Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography
Palermo Protocol on Trafficking in Persons
Nigeria has ratified the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention).(40) The Convention prohibits armed groups from recruiting children, or otherwise permitting them to participate in conflict, and engaging in sexual slavery and trafficking, especially of women and children.(41)
The Government has established laws and regulations related to child labor, including its worst forms (Table 4).
Related Legislation
Minimum Age for Work
Article 59 of the Labour Act; Articles 28 and 29 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (42, 43)
Minimum Age for Hazardous Work
Article 59 of the Labour Act; Articles 28 and 29 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (42, 43)
Prohibition of Hazardous Occupations or Activities for Children
Article 59 of the Labour Act (42)
Prohibition of Forced Labor
Article 34 of the Constitution; Article 28 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 44)
Prohibition of Child Trafficking
Articles 13-15 and 22 of the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act, 2003; Article 30 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 45)
Prohibition of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children
Articles 13-15 of the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act, 2003; Articles 30 and 32 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 45)
Prohibition of Using Children in Illicit Activities
Article 15 of the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act, 2003; Article 30 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 45)
Minimum Age for Compulsory Military Recruitment
Minimum Age for Voluntary Military Service
Article 28 of the Armed Forces Act; Article 34 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 46)
Compulsory Education Age
Articles 2 and 15 of the Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act, 2004; Article 15 of the Child's Right Act, 2003 (43, 47)
Free Public Education
Article 3 of the Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act, 2004; Article 15 of the Child's Right Act, 2003; Article 18 of the Constitution (43, 44, 47)
* No conscription (48)
The Federal 2003 Child's Right Act (CRA) codifies the rights of children in Nigeria and must be ratified by each state to become law in its territory.(5, 43) There were no new adoptions of the CRA during the reporting period.(5) To date, 23 states and the Federal Capital Territory have ratified the CRA, with 12 of the remaining 13 states located in northern Nigeria.(5, 20)
Nigeria's laws regarding minimum age for employment are inconsistent. (7) The CRA states that the provisions related to young people in the Labour Act apply to children under the CRA, but also that the CRA supersedes any other legislation related to children. The CRA restricts children under the age of 18 from any work aside from light work for family members; however, Article 59 of the Labour Act, which is in force in all 36 states of Nigeria, sets the minimum age of employment at 12 years.(43, 49, 50) The Act also permits children of any age to do light work alongside a family member in agriculture, horticulture, or domestic service.(42, 50, 51) This language makes it unclear what minimum ages apply for certain types of work in the country.
While the Labour Act forbids the employment of youth under age 18 in work that is dangerous to their health, safety, or morals, it allows children to participate in certain types of work that may be dangerous by setting different age thresholds for various activities.(42) For example, the Labour Act allows children ages 16 and older to work at night in gold mining and the manufacturing of iron, steel, paper, raw sugar, and glass.(42) Furthermore, the Labour Act does not extend to children employed in domestic service. Thus, children are vulnerable to dangerous work in industrial undertakings, underground, with machines, and in domestic service. In addition, the prohibitions established by the Labour Act and the CRA are not comprehensive nor specific enough to facilitate enforcement.(51, 52) In 2013, the National Steering Committee for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor in Nigeria (NSC) validated the Report on the Identification of Hazardous Child Labor in Nigeria. Currently, the report is with the Ministry of Labor and Productivity (MOLP) for the promulgation of guidelines for operationalizing the report.(10, 28)
States may also enact additional provisions to bolster protection for working children within their territory. Some states within Nigeria have taken such action and closed gaps in the law.(53) The 2006 Abia State Child's Rights Law prohibits all children under age 18 from engaging in domestic service outside of the home or family environment.(54) The state governments of Anambra, Bayelsa, and Lagos have prohibited children from all street trading, while Delta State only prohibits children from street trading during the school day. Kano State has initiated a prohibition against almajiri begging on the street.(10)
Some states that apply Shari'a (the moral code and religious law of Islam) treat children as offenders rather than victims. The Shari'a Penal Code of Zamfara State defines an offender as anyone who "does any obscene or indecent act in a private or public place, or acts or conducts himself/herself in an indecent manner."(52) Treating child victims of commercial sexual exploitation as offenders contradicts internationally accepted standards for the treatment of such children.(52)
Although the 2003 Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act prohibits human trafficking for forced or compulsory recruitment in armed conflict, the legal framework does not proscribe punishments for non-state armed groups that recruit and use children.(22, 55)
The 2003 Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act prescribes penalties of 5 to 15 years' imprisonment for labor and sex trafficking offenses; however, the law also allows convicted offenders to pay a fine in lieu of prison time.(4) For sentences that only include a fine, penalties are not sufficiently stringent to deter violators. By March 2014, the House of Representatives and Senate passed a bill that would amend the anti-trafficking law to restrict the ability of judges to offer fines in lieu of prison time. However, the bill is awaiting approval by the President.(4, 23, 28)
III. Enforcement of Laws on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government has established institutional mechanisms for the enforcement of laws and regulations on child labor, including its worst forms (Table 5).
Ministry of Labor and Productivity (MOLP), Inspectorate Division
Enforce federal child labor laws. Labor inspectors are deployed across 36 state labor offices and the Federal Capital Territory, including Abuja, and are responsible for investigating all labor law violations, including those related to child labor.(1, 56, 57)
National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons and Other Related Matters(NAPTIP)
Enforce anti-human trafficking legislation. Have the power to conduct investigations to determine whether any person has committed an offense under the anti-trafficking law.(58) Officials turn over rescued children to state-level agencies.(56)
Nigeria Police Force
Enforce all laws prohibiting forced child labor and commercial sexual exploitation. Support MOLP and collaborate with NAPTIP on trafficking enforcement.(10)
Nigerian Immigration Service
Collaborate with NAPTIP to enforce laws against trafficking in children.(10)
Law enforcement agencies in Nigeria took actions to combat child labor, including its worst forms.
Labor Law Enforcement
In 2014, MOLP employed 258 factory inspectors and 402 labor officers, a decrease of 222 inspectors from 2013.(5) Evidence indicates that the number of inspectors is inadequate to deal with the wide-scale problem of child labor.(5) In April 2014, 93 MOLP labor inspectors participated in child labor inspection workshops to develop monitoring and reporting tools.(59) MOLP provided 3 hours of training on child labor to new labor inspectors.(28) In 2011, MOLP collected data from state governments on the prevalence of child labor, but the data have not been made publicly available.(10)
Information on the number of child labor law inspections, violations, and citations issued during the reporting period is not available.(10) Inspections can be unannounced, are conducted through site visits, and tend to focus on large businesses such as factories.(60) MOLP typically sends letters of caution to employers, encouraging them to resolve violations, and then conducts follow-up inspections.(5) It is unclear whether this system sufficiently encourages compliance with labor laws. The Labor Inspectorate director can also halt employer operations, but information is not available as to whether this occurred during the period.(5)
There are no labor inspectors available to conduct inspections on seafaring vessels.(61) Since the Labour Act states that children ages 15 and older may work onboard these vessels, children are unprotected by the country's enforcement framework.(42) Additionally, research did not find mechanisms to enforce existing protections for street children.
Agencies at the state level are responsible for enforcing the CRA.(10) States may also undertake other measures that aid in the enforcement of labor provisions. In Edo State, for example, labor officers work alongside the transportation industry to prevent children from working as bus conductors during the school day.(10)
MOLP refers cases of children gravely in danger to the National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons and Other Related Matters (NAPTIP); however, research did not find other referral mechanisms between MOLP and social welfare services.(60)
Criminal Law Enforcement
In 2014, the number of investigators responsible for enforcing criminal laws on the worst forms of child labor was inadequate.(28) From March to April 2014, representatives from NAPTIP participated in workshops with other Government and NGO officials to focus on improving the transitional services provided to children in or at high risk of child labor, and enhance the development and adherence to child protection standards and codes of conduct.(59) NAPTIP received a $9.4 million budget from the Government, a slight increase from the previous year's budget of $8.9 million.(23)
The Nigeria Police Force (NPF) does not receive training on state laws and may not have knowledge of state laws that protect children from the worst forms of child labor within a specific state. This limits the capacity of the NPF to enforce the laws protecting children from the worst forms of child labor.(62)
During the reporting period, NAPTIP investigated 236 cases of human trafficking involving children, including 99 for child labor.(5) Information on the number of prosecutions and convictions is unavailable.(5, 63) During the reporting period, a Government official was investigated for allegedly violating child labor laws.(4, 28)
Although NAPTIP coordinates the National Referral Mechanism to provide rehabilitation and other social services to trafficked children, research did not find a referral mechanism for children found in other worst forms of child labor, including armed conflict.(5, 23) Research found that Government armed forces arrested and detained boys as young as age 9 for suspected alliance with Boko Haram. Additionally, the military arrested girls as young as age 13 who were married to senior Boko Haram members.(64)
IV. Coordination of Government Efforts on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government has established mechanisms to coordinate its efforts to address child labor, including its worst forms (Table 6).
Coordinating Body
Role & Description
National Steering Committee for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor in Nigeria (NSC)
Coordinate efforts to combat child labor. Represented on the NSC are MOLP; Ministry of Women's Affairs and Social Development; and Ministries of Mining and Metal Production, Agriculture, Foreign Affairs, and Education along with NAPTIP and the National Bureau of Statistics.(5) Additionally, includes representatives from ILO-IPEC, UNICEF, NGOs, and faith-based organizations that work on child labor issues.(10)
Ogun and Oyo State Steering Committees on Child Labor (SSC)
Facilitate each state's Action Plan for the elimination of child labor and enhance collaboration among agencies. Include officials from State-level MOLP, Ministry for Women Affairs and Social Development, Ministry of Education, NAPTIP, Nigeria Police Force, Nigeria Immigration Service, and NGOs.(65, 66) Meet regularly throughout the year.(66)
Presidential Task Force on Trafficking in Persons
Coordinate child labor issues related to human trafficking. Chaired by NAPTIP, which is primarily responsible for social services to children and repatriation of trafficked children to their families.(5)
State Level Child Labor Taskforces
Ensure that children attend school. Established in Akwa Ibom, Delta, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, and Oyo States.(10, 67)
MOLP reported that the NSC did not meet in 2014 due to funding constraints.(5)
V. Government Policies on the Worst Forms of Child Labor
The Government of Nigeria has established policies related to child labor, including its worst forms (Table 7).
National Policy on Child Labor
Aims to significantly reduce prevalence of child labor in Nigeria by 2015 and achieve total elimination by 2020.(68)
National Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labor in Nigeria (2013 2017)
Provides a roadmap for implementation of the National Policy on Child Labor in Nigeria.(69)
Ogun and Oyo State Action Plans on Child Labor (2014 2017)†
Guides implementation of the National Policy on Child Labor in Ogun and Oyo States.(66, 70, 71)
National Policy on Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Persons in Nigeria
Outlines protection and rehabilitation services for trafficking victims.(72, 73) NAPTIP developed Guidelines on National Referral Mechanism for Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Persons in Nigeria to coordinate and improve service provision for trafficking victims.(63)
Five-Year Strategic Plan for NAPTIP (2012 2017)
Provides an organizing framework for mobilizing NAPTIP and all stakeholders involved in combating human trafficking within Nigeria and internationally. Structured around six main areas: organizational development; research and assessment; prevention, protection, return, and re-integration measures; legal, prosecution, and law enforcement; monitoring and evaluation; and international cooperation.(74)
ECOWAS Regional Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labor
Aims to eliminate worst forms of child labor in ECOWAS member states by 2015.(75) ECOWAS conducted its first peer review to evaluate efforts to combat child labor at the country level. With Côte d'Ivoire, Nigeria reviewed Ghana's efforts to combat child labor and provided preliminary findings and recommendations.(76, 77)
National Framework for the Development and Integration of Almajiri Education into the Universal Basic Education Scheme
Provides guidelines for state governments to regulate almajiri schools in order to more effectively address the challenges that the traditional Islamic education sector faces on itinerancy and begging.(10, 78-80) Outlines Government plans to build about 400 schools for almajiri by 2015.(10, 81) By August 2014, the Government completed construction of 152 schools, an increase of 29 schools from the previous reporting period.(5)
† Policy was approved during the reporting period.
The Government reported there was no action to implement the National Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labor in 2014 due to funding constraints.(5)
VI. Social Programs to Address Child Labor
In 2014, the Government of Nigeria funded and participated in programs that include the goal of eliminating or preventing child labor, including its worst forms. The Government has other programs that may have an impact on child labor, including its worst forms (Table 8).
Akwa Ibom State*‡
State government provides free primary education.(5)
State government initiated programs to raise public awareness of its ban of children in street trading.(5)
Borno State*‡
Governor has instituted programs that provide funds, buses, and lunch to vulnerable children to help them attend school.(67)
Delta State*‡
State government provides compulsory, free primary education.(82)
Kano State*†‡
State government provides free primary education, free school meals, and some free transportation for children to attend school. State is introducing kindergarten classes.(5) In 2014, the U.S. Embassy worked with the Kano State Government and two NGOs to launch an advocacy campaign designed to combat labor exploitation of almajiri.(28, 83)
Katsina State*‡
State government program that provides free primary and secondary education.(5)
Ogun State
USDOL-funded pilot program implemented by the ILO that aims to provide education and skills training to 500 children previously engaged in child labor or at risk of doing so. The program also improves the income-generating capacity of families.(5)
Ogun State‡
State Government-implemented program for labor officers to initiate awareness-raising programs for parents of children working in stone quarries.(7)
Osun Elementary School Feeding and Health Program *‡
State government established a free lunch program for elementary school students. In October 2014, Osun State officials claimed that the program was feeding 252,000 students and was responsible for a 25 percent increase in enrollment.(5)
State government provided free primary education to all children.(5, 67)
Sokoto and Niger States*†
United Kingdom's Department for International Development funded program in collaboration with the Government and UNICEF to provide cash transfers to pay for textbooks and other school-related costs. The program aims to reach 23,000 girls ages 6 to 15.(84)
Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labor in West Africa by Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS (ECOWAS I)
USDOL-funded, $7.95 million, 5-year project implemented by the ILO with direct interventions to accelerate progress on the elimination of the worst forms of child labor in Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria. Supports ECOWAS to strengthen its role in combating the worst forms of child labor in the West Africa sub-region by providing policy and capacity-building support for all ECOWAS states.(85, 86) In Nigeria, the project supported national- and state-level efforts to eliminate worst forms of child labor in the country, including the identification of hazardous work for the National Hazardous Child Labor List.(87)
Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labor in West Africa by Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS (ECOWAS II)
Linked to the ECOWAS I project, a $5 million, USDOL-funded, 4-year project implemented by the ILO with direct intervention in Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria. Supports ECOWAS to strengthen its role in combating the worst forms of child labor in the West Africa sub-region by providing policy and capacity-building support for all ECOWAS states.(85, 86) The project provided educational services to 779 children in Ogun and Oyo States and livelihood services to 326 households.(59)
NAPTIP shelters for human trafficking victims‡
Government-funded program that operates nine shelters in Nigeria with a total capacity for 313 victims.(4) NAPTIP and the Ministry of Women's Affairs and Social Development coordinate social services for trafficked children and repatriation to their families.(10) In 2014, the Abuja shelter was refurbished with funding from the EU. It now has the capacity to accommodate 38 victims of human trafficking, provide counseling and rehabilitation services, and offer vocational services.(88)
Safe Schools Initiative*†‡
Government-funded program with support from the UN that aims to provide remedial education and pilot 10 safe education facilities in northeastern Nigeria, specifically in Borno, Yobe, and Adamawa States. The initiative combines school-based interventions, community interventions to protect schools, and special measures for vulnerable populations.(6, 89)
* The impact of this program on child labor does not appear to have been studied.
† Program was launched during the reporting period.
‡ Program is funded by the Government of Nigeria.
Although Nigeria has programs that target child labor, the scope of these programs is insufficient to fully address the extent of the problem. Research found no evidence of programs to specifically address children engaged in agriculture, commercial sexual exploitation, domestic service, forced labor, illicit activities, or armed conflict.
VII. Suggested Government Actions to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labor
Based on the reporting above, suggested actions are identified that would advance the elimination of child labor, including its worst forms, in Nigeria (Table 9).
Suggested Action
Year(s) Suggested
Legal Framework
Increase the minimum age for regular work to at least age 14, in accordance with international standards; ensure that national legislation related to minimum age for work is consistent and that children working in all sectors are protected; ensure that provisions related to light work conform to international standards.
2009 2014
Ensure that all children under age 18 are protected from hazardous work and that legislation is comprehensive and specific enough to facilitate enforcement.
2009 2014
Ensure that those states applying Shari'a as the Penal Code do not penalize child victims of commercial sexual exploitation.
2009 2014
Adopt legislation to ensure that all children under the age of 18 are prohibited from recruitment for armed conflict, including by non-state armed groups.
2011 2014
Ensure that penalties given for child labor violations are sufficiently stringent to deter violators.
Provide an adequate number of trained inspectors and investigators to effectively enforce labor laws, including laws related to the worst forms of child labor. Ensure that Nigeria Police Force officers have knowledge of state laws addressing the worst forms of child labor.
2010 2014
Make data on child labor law inspections, violations, citations, prosecutions, and convictions publicly available.
2009 2014
Ensure that child labor inspections occur on seafaring vessels and that a mechanism exists for enforcing existing protections for street children.
2010 2014
Establish referral mechanisms between Nigeria's law enforcement and social service agencies for all children found during labor inspections or criminal investigations.
2013 2014
Ensure that the NSC has sufficient resources to coordinate efforts to combat child labor.
Government Policies
Ensure that the National Action Plan to Eliminate Child Labor has sufficient resources to be implemented.
Social Programs
Publish results from the 2011 MOLP study on child labor, and if necessary, conduct additional child labor research to determine activities of children working in fishing and construction.
2011 2014
Ensure that all states adopt programs to offer free education and expand existing programs that provide vulnerable children, especially girls, with funds to cover school fees and the cost of materials.
Assess the impact that existing programs may have on addressing child labor.
2013 2014
Establish and expand programs that prevent and remove children from child labor in agriculture and domestic service and from the worst forms of child labor in commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, illicit activities, and armed conflict.
2009 2014
1.International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC). Report for the WTO General Council Review of the Trade Policies of Nigeria. Geneva; June 30, 2011. http://www.ituc-csi.org/report-for-the-wto-general-council,9354.html.
2.Kassim Adekunle Akanni, and Alfred Olayinka Dada. "Analysis of Labour-Use Patterns among Small-Holder Cocoa Farmers in South Western Nigeria." Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, B(2)(2012); http://www.davidpublishing.com/davidpublishing/Upfile/3/23/2012/2012032309828459.pdf
3.U.S. Department of State. "Nigeria," in Country Reports on Human Rights Practices- 2013. Washington, DC; February 27, 2014; http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/humanrightsreport/index.htm?year=2013&dlid=220146.
4.U.S. Department of State. "Nigeria," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2014. Washington, DC; June 20, 2014; http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/226848.pdf.
5.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, January 23, 2015.
6.United Nations Security Council. Report of the Secretary-General on Children and Armed Conflict (A/69/926 S/2015/409); June 5, 2015. http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/69/926&Lang=E&Area=UNDOC.
7.Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict. "Who Will Care for Us?"; 2014. http://watchlist.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2111-Watchlist-Nigeria_LR.pdf.
8.UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary. Total. [accessed January 16, 2015]; http://www.uis.unesco.org/Pages/default.aspx?SPSLanguage=EN. Data provided is the gross intake ratio to the last grade of primary school. This measure is a proxy measure for primary completion. For more information, please see the "Children's Work and Education Statistics: Sources and Definitions" section of this report.
9.UCW. Analysis of Child Economic Activity and School Attendance Statistics from National Household or Child Labor Surveys. Original data from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 4, 2011. Analysis received January 16, 2015. Reliable statistical data on the worst forms of child labor are especially difficult to collect given the often hidden or illegal nature of the worst forms. As a result, statistics on children's work in general are reported in this chart, which may or may not include the worst forms of child labor. For more information on sources used, the definition of working children and other indicators used in this report, please see the "Children's Work and Education Statistics: Sources and Definitions" section of this report.
10.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, January 23, 2014.
11.Ibrahim Abdul 'Aziz. "The Inside Story of Adamawa Schools." Daily Trust, November 24, 2011. http://allafrica.com/stories/201111240632.html.
12.Natsa, RT. "Child Miner- Implications for Society." allafrica.com [online] December 14, 2011 [cited April 27, 2012]; http://allafrica.com/stories/201112140820.html.
13.Oseni, AL. "Women and Children Breaking Rocks for Survival." westafricainsight.org [online] October 2012 [cited May 2, 2013];
14.ILO. Report on the Rapid Assessment of Child Labour Situation in Artisinal Mines and Quarries in Ogun and Oyo States of Nigeria. Abuja; 2013.
15.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, January 13, 2013.
16.Macro International Inc. Children Working in Riverine Communities in Nigeria- Task 3: Research & Data Collection International Child Labor Issues. Project Document. Calverton, MD; August 24, 2007.
17.Human Rights Watch. Mali: Artisanal Mines Produce Gold with Child Labor. Press Release. Bamako; December 6, 2011. http://www.hrw.org/news/2011/12/06/mali-artisanal-mines-produce-gold-child-labor.
18.Beaubien, J. Nigeria Pressured To Clean Up Lead-Contaminated Villages, National Public Radio, [blog] December 6, [cited February 14, 2013]; http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/12/06/166651255/nigeria-pressured-to-clean-up-lead-contaminated-villages?ft=1&f=.
19.Human Rights Watch. A Heavy Price: Lead Poisoning and Gold Mining in Nigeria's Zamfara State [Video]; 2012, 05 min., 44 sec., February 18, 2013; http://www.hrw.org/features/a-heavy-price.
20.Kure, I. "Despite Bans, Child Labor Prevalent in Nigeria." voanews.com [online] September 10, 2013 [cited January 29, 2014]; http://www.voanews.com/content/child-labor-still-common-in-parts-of-nigeria/1747147.html.
21.Simon, L. "Poverty and Girl-Child Hawking in the North." Nigerian Tribune, Lagos, August 3, 2011. http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/gamji-features/26025-poverty-and-girl-child-hawking-in-the-north.
22.Shepler, S. Analysis of the Situation of Children Affected by Armed Conflict in the Niger Delta and Northern Region of Nigeria. Washington, DC, Search for Common Ground; 2012. https://www.academia.edu/Download.
23.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, February 19, 2015.
24.Integrated Regional Information Networks. "Nigeria: Trafficking Convictions up but Progress Slow." IRINnews.org [online] March 15, 2010 [cited May 15, 2012]; http://www.irinnews.org/PrintReport.aspx?ReportId=88424.
25.UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties Under Article 44 of the Convention: Concluding Observations: Nigeria. Geneva; June 21, 2010. Report No. CRC/C/NGA/CO/3-4. http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/treaty/CD_Concl_Obs_2010/CRC/54th%20session/CRC-C-NGA-CO-3-4%20(e).pdf.
26.Zenn, J. "Boko Haram: Recruitment, Financing, and Arms Trafficking in the Lake Chad Region." CTC Sentinel, 7(2014); https://www.ctc.usma.edu/v2/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/CTCSentinel-Vol7Iss102.pdf.
27.Human Rights Watch. "Those Terrible Weeks in their Camp"; 2014. http://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/nigeria1014web.pdf.
28.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. April 8, 2015.
29.United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2012. Vienna; 2012. http://www.unodc.org/unodc/data-and-analysis/glotip.html.
30.U.S. Department of State. "Equatorial Guinea," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2014. Washington, DC; June 20, 2014; http://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2014/226718.htm.
31.U.S. Department of State. "Saudi Arabia," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2014. Washington, DC; June 20, 2014; http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/226848.pdf.
32.U.S. Department of State. "Niger," in Trafficking in Persons Report- 2014. Washington, DC; June 20, 2014; file:///C:/Nigeria/USDOS%20TIP%20Niger%20(2014).pdf.
33.Parker, G. "Nigeria Reels from Extremist Violence." globalpost.com [online] January 8, 2012 [cited January 30, 2012]; http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/africa/nigeria/120108/nigeria-islamic-extremists-increase-violence.
34.Gambrell, J. "Youth Rage Boils Amid North Nigeria Sect Attacks." Charlotte Observer, Charlotte, NC, January 25, 2012.
35.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. June 4, 2012.
36.Al Jazeera. "Dozens of Nigerian students killed in attack." aljazeera.com [online] February 25, 2014 [cited March 30, 2015]; http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/2/25/dozens-of-studentsdeadinlatestbokoharamattack.html.
37.Hemba, J. "Nigerian Islamists kill 59 pupils in boarding school attack." reuters.com [online] February 26, 2014 [cited March 30, 2015]; http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/02/26/us-nigeria-violence-idUSBREA1P10M20140226.
38.Raghavan, S. "In Nigeria's North, Boko Haram Militia Aims to Mold the Schools through Violence." The Washington Post, Washington, DC, June 10, 2013. http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/in-nigerias-north-boko-haram-militia-aims-to-mold-the-schools-through-violence/2013/06/09/0cc37d56-cd64-11e2-8573-3baeea6a2647_story.html.
39.Integrated Regional Information Networks. "Boko Haram Violence takes Toll on Education." IRINnews.org [online] October 4, 2013 [cited November 2, 2014]; http://www.irinnews.org/report/98878/boko-haram-violence-takes-toll-on-education.
40.Integrated Regional Information Networks. "African Convention on Internally Displaced Persons Comes into Force." IRINnews.org [online] December 7, 2012 [cited February 20, 2013]; http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/dec/07/african-convention-internally-displaced-persons.
41.African Union. Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention), enacted October 23, 2009.
42.Government of Nigeria. Labour Act (Chapter 198) (No. 21), as amended. Laws of the Federation of Nigeria (1990 Revised edition), Vol. X, Cap. 198, enacted 1990. http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/WEBTEXT/42156/64980/E7RNGA01.htm#p3.
43.Government of Nigeria. Child's Right Act, No. 26, enacted July 31, 2003. [source on file].
44.Government of Nigeria. Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, enacted 1999. http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm.
45.Government of Nigeria. Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Law Enforcement and Administration Act, No. 24, enacted July 2003.
46.Government of Nigeria. Armed Forces Act, enacted 1994.
47.Government of Nigeria. Compulsory, Free Universal Basic Education Act, 05-26, enacted 2004. http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/87623/99979/F606926563/NGA87623.pdf.
48.Child Soldiers International. "Appendix II: Data Summary on Recruitment Ages of National Armies," in Louder Than Words: An Agenda for Action to End State Use of Child Soldiers. London; 2012; http://www.child-soldiers.org/global_report_reader.php?id=562.
49.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) Nigeria (ratification: 2002) Submitted: 2011; accessed May 15, 2012; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
50.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Observation concerning Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138) - Nigeria (ratification: 2002) Submitted: 2012; accessed January 30, 2014; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
51.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (no. 138) Nigeria (ratification: 2002) Published: 2012; accessed October 31, 2012; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
52.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) Nigeria (ratification: 2002) Submitted: 2010; accessed May 15, 2012; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
53.The Law Library of Congress. Botswana, Malawi, Nigeria, and South Africa: Child Labor Laws. Washington, DC; May 2010. Report No. 2010 003857.
54.Government of Nigeria. Abia State Child's Rights Law, No. 7 of 2006, enacted April 25, 2006.
55.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. June 14, 2013.
56.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, February 7, 2013.
57.Government of Nigeria, Federal Ministry of Labour and Productivity. Federal Ministry of Labour and Productivity, [Web page] [cited June 2, 2015]; http://www.nelexnigeria.com/federal-ministry-labour-and-productivity-3.
58.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182) - Nigeria (ratification: 2002) Submitted: 2012; accessed January 29, 2014; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
59.ILO-IPEC. Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labour in West Africa and Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS II. Technical Progress Report; September 2014.
60.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. February 13, 2015.
61.ILO Committee of Experts. Individual Direct Request concerning Labour Inspection (Seafarers) Convention, 1996 (No. 178) Nigeria (ratification: 2004) Submitted: 2011; accessed April 18, 2014; http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:13100:0::NO:::.
62.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. May 21, 2010.
63.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, February 25, 2014.
64.Amnesty International. Stars on Their Shoulders. Blood on Their Hands.; June 2015. http://www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/report.compressed.pdf
65.ILO-IPEC. Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labor in West Africa and Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS II. Technical Progress Report. Geneva; October 2012.
66.ILO-IPEC official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. June 16, 2014.
67.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. May 19, 2014.
68.Government of Nigeria. National Policy on Child Labour. Abuja; April 2013.
69.Government of Nigeria. National Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labour in Nigeria (2013-2017). Abuja; June 2013.
70.Government of Nigeria. Oyo State Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labour in Nigeria (2014 2017). Ibadan; 2014.
71.Government of Nigeria. Ogun State Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labour in Nigeria (2014 2017). Abeokuta; 2014.
72.National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons (NAPTIP). National Policy on Protection and Assistance to Trafficked Persons in Nigeria. Abuja, Government of Nigeria; November 2008.
73.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, February 16, 2013.
74.National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons (NAPTIP). Strategic Plan; 2012.
75.ECOWAS. ECOWAS Regional Action Plan for the Elimination of Child Labour Especially in the Worst Forms. Abuja; June 2013. http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---africa/documents/publication/wcms_227737.pdf.
76.ILO-IPEC official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. March 10, 2014.
77.Juliana Adebambo, and Martin N'guettia. ECOWAS Peer Review of Child Labour Elimination Activities in Ghana; 2014.
78.U.S. Embassy- Abuja. reporting, February 1, 2011.
79.Olatunji, S. "Capacity Building for Almajiri Teachers, Our Priority Coordinator." punchng.com [online] January 6, 2012 [cited May 14, 2012]; http://www.punchng.com/education/capacity-building-for-almajiri-teachers-our-priority-coordinator/.
80.Universal Basic Education Commission. National Framework for the Development and Integration of Almajiri Education into the UBE Scheme. Abuja, Government of Nigeria; December 2010.
81.U.S. Embassy Abuja official. E-mail communication to USDOL official. June 1, 2012.
82.Adebowale, S. "Education Now Compulsory for School Age Children in Delta Uduaghan." theeagleonline.com [online] 2013 [cited May 27, 2014]; http://theeagleonline.com.ng/education-now-compulsory-for-school-age-children-in-delta-uduaghan/.
83.Abuh, A. "Fresh Onslaught Against Almajiri Scourge." The Guardian, London, January 6, 2015. http://allafrica.com/stories/201501060382.html.
84.UNICEF. Cash Programme for Girls to go to School launched in Sokoto State. Press Release. Wurno; September 22, 2014. http://www.unicef.org/nigeria/media_8579.html.
85.ILO-IPEC. Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labor in West Africa and Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS II. Project Document. Geneva; December 20, 2010.
86.ILO-IPEC. Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labour in West Africa and Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS. Project Document. Geneva; September 3, 2009.
87.ILO-IPEC. Eliminating the Worst Forms of Child Labour in West Africa and Strengthening Sub-Regional Cooperation through ECOWAS II. Technical Progress Report. Geneva; April 2014.
88.UNODC. NAPTIP Receives Multiple Support From The European Union, UN, [online] [cited January 7, 2015]; http://www.unodc.org/nigeria/en/naptip-receives-multiple-support-from-the-european-union.html.
89.United Nations Development Program. Nigeria Safe Schools Initiative Multi-Donor Trust Fund, UNDP, [cited March 30, 2015]; http://mptf.undp.org/factsheet/fund/NGA00.
Labor Rights in Nigeria
Learn what we are doing to to protect the rights of workers
Nigeria's List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced


text:
Nancy Hatz, PA, passed away January 20 at 100 years old...more»
2015 Summer Interlude Magazine is available!more»
National Music Week 2016 - 2017
2016 Theme: Music...Notes to the Future
2017 Theme: Music...An Adventure for Lifemore»
Yearbook season is under way! Below you will findmore»
Purpose of FAMA - The goals and methods set out by NFMC are: (1) to encourage the composition & performance of music (2) support music projects (3) promote music education,more»
2014 Ernest A. Bluhm Flute Award - Winner Emily Bicknese, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA
2015 Ernest A. Bluhm Flute Award - Winner Elizabeth Hamilton, Ohio University, Athens, OHmore»
NFMC will be sponsoring a workshop to train Administrators for the Online Festivals Management System. The workshop will be Tuesday, June 16, 2015, the day prior to the start of the NFMC Convention in Fargo, ND. There is no fee for the workshop.more»
Due to lack of semi-finalists in the 2015 Ellis Duo Piano competition, there will be no final competition in Marchmore»

subset: commoncrawl


text:
|Quick links:
Latest Team Rankings
Free Rivals Alerts
Member Services
|ShopMobileRadio RSSRivals.com Yahoo! Sports
|College Teams
|High Schools
Kenny Lewis Jr. #20
The Latest: ACC: Week 13 Breakdown — 11/22/2006
The ACC offers a full slate in the second to last weekend of the college football regular season. Week 13 is stocked full of rivalry games such as the Florida-Florida State matchup that could salvage the Seminoles' season. Despite that matchup and interstate showdowns in Virginia, North Carolina,...[details]


text:
Mike Sombrio Feb 25, 2013 6:38 AM
in response to KillaPedestrian
Let's get a little background. Which MacBook? What happened to cause you to have to reinstall? Does the computer boot from the hard drive without the any external connected? Are you using the external because your internal SuperDrive no longer works? I understand that you're upset right now but in order to hel we need more info.
KillaPedestrian Feb 25, 2013 2:13 PM
in response to Mike Sombrio
Hi Mike, I need some help urgently. I am trying to start from scratch because its an old school computer. it is just the MacBook from mid 2010.
Intro Date: May 18, 2010 Disc Date: February 8, 2012* Order No: MC516LL/A Model No: A1342 (EMC 2395*) Subfamily: Mid-2010 Model ID: MacBook7,1 Std RAM: 2 GB Std VRAM: 256 MB Std Storage: 250 GB (5400 RPM) Std Optical: 8X DL "SuperDrive"
Yes my computer boots with macintosh hd well. My superdrive is broken and i don't have money to replace it.
Please help
Mike Sombrio Feb 25, 2013 3:08 PM
in response to KillaPedestrian
Old school? Shoot it's newer than mine! I have ideas but we'll go one step at a time. First reset the SMC and pram.
To reset the SMC
MacBook and MacBook Pro
Laptops with a battery you can remove
Shut down the computer.
Disconnect the MagSafe power adapter from the computer, if it's connected.
Remove the battery.
Press and hold the power button for 5 seconds.
Release the power button.
Reconnect the battery and MagSafe power adapter.
Press the power button to turn on the computer.
Resetting NVRAM / PRAM
Shut down your Mac.
Locate the following keys on the keyboard: Command (⌘), Option, P, and R. You will need to hold these keys down simultaneously in step 4.
Turn on the computer.
Press and hold the Command-Option-P-R keys before the gray screen appears.
Hold the keys down until the computer restarts and you hear the startup sound for the second time.
Release the keys.


text:
Csound1 Apr 8, 2013 1:18 PM
in response to jshrager
jshrager wrote:
I don't think that he meant unreliable in the sense of dropping bits, but wireless uses more power and more retries to overcome loss do to noise, which is much higher in a wireless network, resulting in significantly lower throughput (even than the bandwidth should theoretically allow).
The additional retries compared to wired connections are because of dropped data (bits). The network will resend over and over again until the packet is correct, Thus lower performance (wires do the same thing, but have less errors and are faster)
jshrager Apr 8, 2013 1:23 PM
in response to Csound1
I think we're saying the same thing, except I dropped enough bits to make "due" into "do". :-)
Paul Johnson13 Apr 8, 2013 1:45 PM
in response to Csound1
Csound1, you and I may not have the same definition of "reliable" w.r.t a wireless connection. In the context of this thread I assume it to mean that a string of bits sent over the 'ether' does not get altered and at the destination can be counted on to be identical to what was transmitted. (If this were not the case, then what good are backups or disk copies anyway?)
The only thing I can think of to explain your apparent sarcasm is that your are refering to reliablity in the sense that relative placement of the sending and receiving devices plays a part in signal strength and how often pckets need to be resent, etc. That's not what I'm referring to when I mention 'reliability' in the context of this thread.
Csound1 Apr 8, 2013 1:50 PM
in response to Paul Johnson13
No, reliability is referring to the rate at which error correction will need to be applied to the data stream in order to keep it accurate. That will be much higher using an RF connection than over a wired connection. The data (at the end of the transfer) will be the same (or fail entirely) the time taken to get it there (and the OP is talking about time if you look) will be much longer over a WiFi connection.
This thread is entitled:
Speed is of the essence.
Paul Johnson13 Apr 8, 2013 1:50 PM
in response to jshrager
This thread is FAR too long, and I'm going to have to discontinue monitoring it since I get too many email messages. I'm sure Apple is aware of a problem with the speed of Time Machine backups and has been pursuing a solution. Right now, I have Time Machine running. The first backup took a LOT of time but once completer, subsequent backups (which are much smaller) finish in a resonable amount of time.
Looking forward to an Apple update that fixes the Time Machine issues reported on this thread.
Julius Cheng Apr 8, 2013 2:01 PM
in response to Paul Johnson13
Oh, and as the RAM is fixed in many portable machines (e.g. Air, MBP), adding RAM is not a solution for them.
Tech Harmony Apr 8, 2013 2:31 PM
in response to 1tombhome
Wow, this problem is still happening for people!?
I recreated the problem once while setting up my friend's computer for the first time... but then in several subsequent fresh installs of 10.8.x (updating to 10.8.3) on other machines I haven't had the problem.
I had the problem under Lion 10.7.x on 5 computers and managed to fix it before they released a successful fix. But that boiled down to spotlight ....but this Mountain Lion Time Machine problem is a hairier beast.
Summary of Fixes (incomplete)
Mountain Lion Time Machine:
-tmdiagnose fix: that fix seemed to work because it doesn't just diagnose, it actually does something. But what it does was debatable so people would downplay that solution (much like they used to downplay repairing permissions with Disk Utility...something that magically fixes many things...) So who knows what tmdiagnose does but it seems harmless and seemed to help me.
-network settings: some people would turn off DHCP and put in a manual IP address...some people needed to be on automatic...Feel like there was more to this.... wireless vs. wired? I know that under Snow Leopard (definitely Leopard), Time Machine was interwoven with the networking driver so that if your networking driver wasn't quite right, Time Machine wouldn't work at all. So I do wonder if toggling these settings doesn't somehow "fix" the networking driver for Time Machine.
-Spotlight fixes: This involved finding the hidden spotlight files on each drive, deleting them....hiding the drives from Spotlight using System Preferences--> Privacy ... then disabling Spotlight altogether via Terminal commands. I had to do variations of these, sometimes more aggressive, sometimes less...The idea is to really clean and, if necessary, suspend Spotlight...to make sure it's not somehow causing an indexing loop with Time Machine.
-Activity Monitor investigation: if you pull this up and set it to show all processes...then sort by highest at top, you might see a process on your computer going bonkers. I've had one called "syslog.d" come up crazy which required magicks beyond the scope of this post. But worth noting what's going bonkers while you're trying to back up....
-Repairing Permissions... you can Repair Permissions from Disk Utility (I don't even bother Verifying first....if there's a Permission that needs repairing, get it done!) ...sometimes you will see errors no matter how many times you run Repair Permissions. Yeah yeah, complain to Apple Long story short, you kinda have to get a sense of which ones aren't real errors. But do it a couple times if you see errors (Repair Permissions while highlighted on the second line of your hard drive in the hard drive list... not Repair Disk)
The next level of this trick is to boot from your recovery USB stick and Repair Permissions while booted from this stick.
-Reformatting the computer.... This tends to work best But one person reformatted and tried to restore from his Time Machine backup at first AND HE STILL HAD THE PROBLEM. The backup restored the Time Machine problem for him! So then he realized if he just reformatted the computer and reinstalled all his Application and User info himself, he solved the Time Machine problem. This is unfortunate for people who don't really want to set up everything again.
Course, one could try restoring your user info from a backup without restoring your applicattions ....He was of the belief that one of his restored Applications was the real culprit but he couldn't figure out which (some people thought that Dropbox needed to be updated but that wasn't universal)
I fell off this Discussion Board at this point so am not sure if anything new came up...
How to get SOME kind of backup:
And how to get a decent backup in the first place, if Time Machine isn't working!? Carbon Copy Cloner or SuperDuper are great. Not sure if they cost anything now. This way you can make a perfect clone of your drive (or 2 clones!) before you start mucking about with it...you can restore stuff from the clone using Apple's Migration Assistant if you want to go that route.... if it's too frustrating in the end, you can clone back from the clone to your computer.... But yeah, I suggest 2 clones to hedge against, um, "operator error."
Carbon Copy Cloner and SuperDuper have no problems copying data to/from external hard drives!
As for Time Capsules:
I like Time Capsules but i've had 5 different ones have trouble, spanning as many environments and models. But assuming the Time Capsule is working great otherwise, your first backup you should do wired. Choosing Gigabit (1000Mbps ) vs. Wireless (54Mpbs) that first time means you will get a straight backup in spite of how you've got your wireless environment set up. It is sooooo much faster.Yeah, wireless should work, but I've had problems with Wireless N if the people don't have direct line-of-sight...Heck, I've had some homes where Wireless G couldn't get through the walls! I had to daisy chain Linksys WRT54GL DD-WRT routers to bounce the signal around. You can mess with the radios and channels on the Time Capsule but sometimes even that isn't enough. Most people will have an easy time of it but I've encountered problems often enough that the only way to minimize variables here is to use a Cat 6 or Cat5e ethernet cable between you and the Time Capsule and turn off your computer's wireless to force it to use the ethernet. (You probably have Cat5 cables ...they're OK but you won't get the best speeds... better than nothing)
This doesn't solve the problem AT ALL but will let you see what your system will do under ideal Time Capsule circumstances.
Data Corruption:
I personally use a program called Chronosync to schedule daily backups of parts of my computers/drives rather than the whole thing. I like that there is a "verify data" step -- takes twice as long but I do it at night and it goes to that question of "losing bits" .... I've had computers for almost 20 years and that means moving data through a lot of machines over that time. I started getting into the habit of using Chronosync because it should detect errors if it hits corrupted data, and then I can see if I can find another copy of the file before I entrust my system. Now, how many times have I encountered corrupted data from a system copy? Not often... handful of times so far maybe? (and Carbon Copy Cloner caught one once or twice!) And not often enough to really matter, in the scheme of things. But I like the purity of a perfect (well, double-checked) copy. But for most people, that's overkill. I don't worry about wireless/wired loss because anything significant I transmit is verified by Chronosync...
rjovale Apr 9, 2013 12:21 AM
in response to Tech Harmony
my TM troubles started with the upgrade to 10.7.5 on my 2006 MBPro and then with 10.8.x on my new 2012 MBAir. i suspect that in my case it really is a spotlight issue:
1- if i reset spotlight in my MBAir using the privacy trick, it takes a long time (~1 day) to finish the indexing, which is weird given that the SSD the MBAir has is pretty fast.
2- Then, when i back up with TM for the first time (using a USB3 drive) the speed is pretty good till a point at which the indexing kicks in and the back up gets stuck (mds is 100% and more). Eventually the backup ends though.
3- Also, it seems as i cannot properly search my SSD, files that should appear in the search dont.
RobertSWUK Apr 13, 2013 4:24 AM
in response to rjovale
By some chance my time capsual is now backing up and copying data with no problem at all....
alchait333 Apr 25, 2013 4:04 PM
in response to 1tombhome
My TM and any files transfers to an external drive were getting rediculously slow. TM would get stuck in "preparing backup" for two hours and then I'd have to let it run all night just to get a backup.
After a lot of time working with the people at AppleCare, I started to suspect Dropbox as being the problem. I found out that Dropbox doesn't automatically update, so I downloaded the latest version, 2.0.6 and restarted the Mac.
After it indexed everything, which didn't take long, I put my cursor over the dropbox icon at the top and saw that it was stuck syncing on one file that a customer had given me. I trashed that and similar files from that customer, and Drobox finished syncing.
Now TM is super fast, file transfers are super fast and it's like having a new Mac.
msmgs0 Apr 29, 2013 6:03 AM
in response to 1tombhome
Just Upgraded to Mountain Lion and slow TM using USB connect to Seagate 2T drive!
Found that I had to uninstall AVIRA Mac Security to resolve the problem.
After good TM I will install the latest Avira and see if it was fixed!
tban May 13, 2013 8:44 AM
in response to msmgs0
I had the same problem ... ever since I upgraded to 10.8.3 by backups never completed (I mean I terminated them looking at the estimate). Yesterday I did the following while the backup was going its third attempt to do a 40GB at a few KB per minute,
- quit dropbox
- quit google drive
- unload spotlight (this took some time, actually two attempts)
The backup suddenly picked up speed and was done in under an hr (maybe less - I wasn't watching).
Hope that helps.
This TM issue has happened many times now ... poor automated regression coverage before patch releases!
kilgo May 20, 2013 8:12 PM
in response to radio_24
This worked.
Before setting Spotlight exclusion targeting my Time Machine disk, it was going to take 13 hours to back up 31kb!
31kb, not 310 GB...KILOBYTES!, 13 HOURS!...Jeeeeze!
Although Spotlight responded "(disk) is a Time Machine Backup disk, and will continue to search items it contains" or somthing similar...when I closed it and did a back up took a fraction of the time, only a few seconds.
obroni62 May 26, 2013 2:33 AM
in response to msmgs0
Yes, so did I!
I tryed a lot - and nothing worked.
I switched over to CCC to make my backup.
Because I had another problem I DELETED MY ANTIVIRUS-APP Bitdefender, formatted my externel HD again and tryed again TM!
Holy Steveness, it worked
Everything is fine now.


text:
CreatorsCreators Spotlight Featured Creators All Creators
ContentNews Features Press Releases Solicitations Events
Hoax Hunters #6
Story By: Michael Moreci
Story By: Steve Seeley
Art By: Axel Medellin
Cover By: Jenny Frison
Published: January 16, 2013
Diamond ID: NOV120466
At Reality Con, the Hoax Hunters cross paths with the Hoax Hunters Hunters and are issued a challenge: Disprove the legend of the Haunchyville gnomes and their albino king! The start of an all new arc!
Digital : $1.99
Collected Editions
Hoax Hunters, Vol. 3: The Book of Mothman TP
Published: February 12, 2014
Print: $14.99
Digital: $14.99
Published: January 8, 2014
Print: $3.50
Digital: $1.99
Published: November 27, 2013
Print: $3.50
Digital: $1.99
Published: October 11, 2013
Digital: $1.99
Published: September 4, 2013
Print: $3.50
Digital: $1.99


text:
3 hiddem comments... What could they say about this pic you had hidden them?
Nothing it's myself test comments
But what the people can think about it...Only you had conflict with somebody. If you do not mind to lose of views it then better you were resubmit it. But tomorrow, now go in the bed and sleep.
Dont be BAD in the BED
Dont be BAD in the BED


text:
With nearly one-half of Physical Therapy Managers in the United States reporting more than 10 years of experience, the field is heavily weighted toward experienced professionals. Average pay for Physical Therapy Managers is $80K per year and can range from $56K on the lower end to $99K per year near the higher end. Total cash compensation for Physical Therapy Managers runs from $56K to $99K depending on bonuses that can occasionally exceed $8K and profit sharing that can reach almost $8K. Experience level and the particular city each impact pay for this group, with the former having the largest influence. Women make up a slight majority of Physical Therapy Managers (50 percent) survey respondents. A fair number report receiving medical coverage from their employers and a majority collect dental insurance. Most Physical Therapy Managers like their work and job satisfaction is high. This overview is based on answers to PayScale's salary questionnaire.
Add this chart to your site:
Copy and paste this HTML:
Add this chart to your site:
Copy and paste this HTML:
Physical therapy managers oversee staff and day-to-day operations at their places of work. Where they work, exactly, varies greatly. Many are employed within private physical clinics, as well as hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, sports facilities, schools, health centers, and many other organizations. Regardless of location, however, their duties remain similar across the board. These include: seeing and evaluating patients; providing rehabilitative care; training and directing staff and operations; providing technical direction regarding patient cases hiring and training new assistants and staff; and, sometimes, running informative programs.Read More...
Those in this position are also responsible for the financial side of operations, particularly in private clinics. In these cases, they may also be required to implement financial strategies, forecast and anticipate requirements, monitor variances, and assess and analyze financial reports.
Working as a physical therapy manager requires some degree of interpersonal skill because, along with assistants, administrative colleagues, and aides, they also interact with patients on a daily basis. Depending on their employer, they may also interact with many other people, such as hospital staff or representatives from an organization's department of physical therapy. They usually work during regular working hours, but some may also be on-hand during nights or weekends if needed. To be employed as a physical therapy manager, it is required to be licensed within your state, and most organizations expect a minimum of a Bachelor's degree in Physical Therapy.
Physical Therapy Managers typically list a handful of skills they use on the job. Orthopedics and Physical Therapy are considered valuable skills and can increase employee pay. Orthopedics and Physical Therapy are also commonly seen together.
Median of all compensation (including tips, bonus, and overtime) by years of experience.
Physical Therapy Managers do not generally earn higher incomes from more experience in the field. Relatively untried employees who have less than five years' experience have a median salary of $71K. Those who have been around for five to 10 years can expect to take home more — $78K on average. Physical Therapy Managers claiming one to two decades of experience make an estimated median of $86K. Respondents who claim more than 20 years of experience may encounter pay that doesn't quite reflect their extensive experience; these veterans report a median income of around $87K.
|Extremely satisfied
Rated 5 out of 5
based on 54 votes.
50 %
50 %


text:
Karen Lockwood has a calm demeanor. She's kind-hearted and welcomes visitors into her world with open arms.
Being wrapped in the sweet scents of lavender on a daily basis probably makes it difficult to not be as calm as Lockwood is -- and she wants others to have the opportunity to regularly retreat to a tranquil environment like hers.
Since May, Lockwood has been selling Royal Velvet, a variety of lavender, to benefit the Skaneateles Historical Society. Each plant is $5 and can be purchased at the farm, 1682 W. Lake Road in Skaneateles. The store is open from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturdays and Sundays.
The idea for the benefit came after Lockwood completed extensive research on the family farm -- 120-acres that overlook Skaneateles Lake and make anyone aware of their surrounding forget about the hustle and bustle of daily life.
Lockwood said she approached Joan Thomsen with the historical society a few years ago looking for help.
"I went to the historical society to do research on the farm," Lockwood said.
Through her research at the Skaneateles Historical Society and contacting Onondaga County, Lockwood found out her husband, Gary, was the fifth generation of his family at Lockwood Farm.
"The history behind it is very interesting," Lockwood said, adding that knowing the history of the 120-acre farm is the interesting part.
In order to thank the historical society for its help, she decided a lavender sale would be a great benefit for them and chose Royal Velvet, which, when it blossoms, is a deep purple color. It is just one of more than 16 varieties grown on the farm.
Lockwood and her husband travel the country to do research on lavender and along the way are able to talk to others about what works and what doesn't. More importantly, they've discovered what varieties like the weather here in Central New York.
(Continued on Next Page)
Prev Next
More like this story
Use the comment form below to begin a discussion about this content.


text:
Bought a faulty PS3 (my 1st one) and it wont read discs.
Insert a disc and I hear 3 or 4 faint clicks, the disc does not spin and no laser spotted but the little spinning clock starts to spin and goes on and on. DVD/Board is the original as seal was intact.
Does anyone know if it's the laser, logic board or something else...
Ps3 60gb Disc Not Spinning / Reading - Kem-400aaa
Started by masterfulmatt , Jan 11 2011 07:50 PM
No replies to this topic
0 user(s) are reading this topic
0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users


text:
its is a epic weapons system
Do you hate aircraft? Do you hate anything what can fly? Do you want to destroy them? Then you are in a right place! Just join this group, and take control over one of our AA systems then you can blow them out of the skies! (header image done by vlado32)
its is a epic weapons system
reminds me bf3...
That little **** in bf2 is unstoppable!
Just to make a variety in this group - a 3D model of Tunguska SPAAG from my indie game project.


text:
Campus Advisory: Cold Weather Warning - Click here for details.
American Democracy Project at RIC
RIC ADP Students at New Hampshire Primary - Feb. 3-7
As part of their coursework, they will offer their observations, pictures and videos from New Hampshire as events occur – through a Twitter feed posted to partner NBC10's website.
Click here to follow their Twitter feed.
The American Democracy Project (ADP) began in 2003 as an initiative of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU), in partnership with The New York Times. Its goal is to produce graduates who are committed to being active, involved citizens in their communities. The over 220 participating colleges and universities. RIC is the only college in the state to participate in the ADP and is considered one of the leading programs in the country for political and civic engagement, often used as the model for initiatives by other colleges.
|This page contains content in PDF format. You must have the Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this content, click here to download it for free.


text:
Thanks for helping us sort this video!
Thanks for helping us associate the correct Pornstars to this video!
Help Us: Do these Pornstars appear in this video?
Pornstar Name:
All Comments (19)
i love the way she says Oh
Who's the girl
She not so sexy,her boob is big!!!
Bestaetigt mal wieder, die Schuechternen sind die die am meisten abgehen :-)
Is there any more videos with same girl???
Very nice. She seemed to be very horny. I would like to see her creampied and hair pulled.
horny little fly
What a pair of wonderful, natural titties
really good sex !!! love it !
look 2:28 the fly xD
Nice t+a on her, she can ride my big cock anytime
lmao that fly made me laugh!
nice titties.
add lick it up an down
Nice fly on your ass.


text:
PrincessMaine 46-50, F 10 Answers 2 Jun 21, 2012
Last year we had 100 days straight of 100plus degree weather. No RAIN either.it was Miserable. I feel for you.
Best Answer
It's one of my Sons,taken many years ago.
Thanks. :)
Best Answer
That just isn't funny !!!!!
Best Answer
Well over here in good old England it has rained, and rained and I am officially fed up now !!!!
Best Answer
What did I tell you about the rain stuff?? You need to come here.. you'd love it. :-/
Best Answer
You're welcome, Dear. Seriously... if you like rain, you'd be in freakin' ecstasy here!
Best Answer
Oh, and no rain dances till I get back from camping with the kiddos..
Best Answer
Yes. It is hot. I like to dance in the rain after a hot day.
Best Answer
I always wish for rain... :/
Best Answer
Related Questions
Aren't you glad that I got out of work because it was raining, and now it's eighty degrees and sunny?fourthtot 22-25, F 3 Answers 3 Jun 29, 2012
TheBlessedOne 51-55, F 7 Answers 0 Jan 5, 2014 in Embarrassing & Funny
It's raining again !!!!! Well it's like pouring buckets of rain!!! ❤ Bleh I can't have my windows open ~.~SheMoansAyyoBbyBoo 16-17, F 5 Answers 1 Jun 5, 2015 in Community
Sort of looks like the rain is coming in from the pacific :/cyclemania 51-55, M 1 Answer 0 Mar 5, 2015 in Education
*stands up* it's 68 degrees and there is a 30% chance it's already raining Cx N everyone just laughed and stared at meSheMoansAyyoBbyBoo 16-17, F 1 Answer 2 May 8, 2015 in Community
Know where I'm looking for?MagicalLasso 16-17, F 5 Answers 2 Sep 18, 2015 in Seeking Advice
Is anyone having wild weather where you are right now? It's 50 degrees, extremely windy and heavy rains. Unusual for Decmojorising 51-55, F 6 Answers 2 Dec 13, 2010
December 27th, it's 67 degrees humid and raining....you'd think I was in another country. Warm tidings to you....and a Happy New Year!! lolLadyLouisiana 56-60, F 19 Answers 6 Dec 27, 2014 in Embarrassing & Funny
Not much rain here,but it`s windy, i`m now on generator,and a tree limb came through my roof, I may the lucky one.


text:
Mushy wants, Mushy gets by SilverDeniWatch
©2011-2016 SilverDeni
This is one of the greatest things i have ever seen if I ever marry an artist im sure i would do this atleast once :3
she is gonna kill you. and you will not die happy.
finely drawn and illustrated.
finely drawn and illustrated.
Panel 5 : REALLY wants it xD
Aww das some true love right there
this is my fave pic
thats fucking hilarious
I can't stop laughing at this.
No means No...
THIS ! make me laugh toooo much !!! xD
LOL,mans is mans. (without insult) And the arts is funny.
Lol! Love this
is cute and really funny!!
Cant stop laughing really amazing work again
do u use a tablet fo drawing????? i like ur art
My fiance does this all the time XD and says the exact same thing!!!!!
Wow... That's so LOL right there.
lol nice
Haha, this is funny as hell! Gotta love furries and their humour.
This reminds me of Fred Perry's Gold Digger, with Deni as prince Strypp Gia and Mushy as Britanny Digger.
lol fuck you! soon..XDDD
Again you rock!!!!! XDDDDDDDDD
You two are such a cute couple.
It's sad how accurate this is to my boyfriend's and I's Life xD
its funny yet gross at the same time!
lmfao lol this is funny nice job lol
Hes a real DEVIL!!! I like it1. I hope it will come more pages of egregious comic book. EVER!!!!!!!!
That is my fiance.......*facepalm.*
love Mushy's expression in panel 4, thats HILARIOUS... hes like oh come on you gotta be kidding me
hehe HILARIOUS
HAHahhhhhaa..... Lol, how did I not see this when browsing your gallery the first time? XD
Had to laugh at this!
XD always gets me back to "Me Tarzan, you Jane"
ahaha this is just brilliant! I shall fave and watch
Ah-ha-ha. I love this. x)
Couldnt help but laugh when I saw this.
Lmao my man would totally do that Great comic!
*realizes am not watching you* *runs to fix this problem*
Typical man!!! Love the comic!!
Excellent, just love this .3.


text:
AdBlock blows! Please disable the add-on to ensure you get the most out of Tube8's features and functionality. Read about why you shouldn't use AdBlock. Close
Add to Favorite List:
Create a new folder:
Next »
Recognize a pornstar in this video?
Help make pornstars easier to find on Tube8 by telling us who is in this video.
Thanks! The pornstar names will be added to this video when enough users submit the same names.
You must enter a pornstar name that already exists in our database.
- Category: Hardcore
- Views: 596,621
- Added: 5 years ago
- Description: Good Twins
- Tags: twins
- Pornstars: Add Pornstar
- Favorite by: 800
- Featured: 5 years ago
- Report This Video
Video Comments
All Video Comments (3)
2 years ago
2 years ago
Gay videographer> more interested in him than hers!
- 0 people liked this -
5 years ago
5 years ago
Yes, the twins really good. But if the server use this site from mainland China recently, just fine. Watch this movie delayed high.
- 0 people liked this -


text:
Riverside Farmer's Market kicks off today and goes through September 15, 2012. The Farmer's Market will be open from 8am to 12pm, but you always want to come early to get the best selection. Buy locally grown food.
Farm-fresh vegetables, sun ripened fresh fruit and berries, fragrant herbs, beautiful flowers and plants, organic compost, artisan cheeses, organic herbal soaps, and more!
Buying local will strengthen your local economy, support endangered family farms while safeguarding your family's health and protecting the environment.
The Riverside Farmers Market is always looking for new vendors. To qualify, you must be selling locally-grown produce or another local agricultural commodity raised by you in accordance with sustainable farming methods.
Please call Louise Estabrook to inquire: 404-613-7670 or email: [email protected]
Live Music
Exciting Events!
Local Chefs!
Lectures & Demonstrations
RESTROOMS and plenty of FREE PARKING!
Possibly Related Posts:
- 6th Annual Rockin' At The River
- Tea with Beatrix Potter May 9, 2015
- 25th annual Colors Festival of Arts
- 2015 Roswell Farmers and Artisans Market
- 2015 Roswell Riverside Sounds


text:
Ski resorts National Park Region Hohe Tauern
Best rating:
5 out of 5 stars
Evaluated by Skiresort.info, the world's largest evaluation and test portal for ski resorts.
Click here for rating process info
The slopes are prepared to perfection every night. Due to the elevation level, it is often possible... more
The slope preparation in the high-alpine terrain requires a lot of care. The slopes on the Ankogel... more
The slopes are groomed with great care so that very good conditions are available for guests.more


text:
Corvallis 104.3 FM • Hood River 91.9 FM • Portland 90.7 FM
When will the pursuit of justice finally come to end after September 11--that's September 11, 1973, in Chile. 35 years ago, a coup supported by the US brought General Agusto Pinochet to power and what followed were years of state-sponsored disappearances, torture and executions. The story of the arrest and murder of Joyce Horman's husband, Charles, was told in the Costa Gavras film, Missing. In the decades since her husband's murder, Joyce Horman has worked tirelessly to bring the truth to light. She has just donated the archives of her investigation to the Benson Latin American collection at the University of Texas at Austin.
Latest newsletter: January 2016
Past newsletters
The next regular monthly Board meeting will be Monday, February 22nd (the fourth Monday) at 6 pm at KBOO - 20 SE 8th Ave. Portland, and is open to the public
KBOO is seeking new board members! Please click here to find out more!
KBOO Community RadioOffice Phone: 503 231 8032Studio Phone: 503 231 8187Fax: 503 231 714520 SE 8th Avenue, Portland, OR 97214
Copyright © 2012 KBOO Community Radio | Copyright Policy | Community Guidelines | Website Illustration & Design by: KMF ILLUSTRATION


text:
Teens Get Civil Rights Lesson Community Members Talk of Struggles
Malone, Tara, Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL)
Byline: Tara Malone Daily Herald Staff Writer
Sitting in a darkened theater with his buddies from civics class Friday, Pratik Shah gazed at images from the civil rights struggle that engulfed America during the 1960s and felt stirrings of empathy.
The 18-year-old Larkin High School senior was born 33 years after the Supreme Court declared separate was not, in fact, equal.
He comes from India, a nation where religious distinctions more than racial divides historically fueled civil strife.
Yet Shah said he understands how it is - how it was - to be different.
"In the hallway, people sometimes pass comments. ...They say 'Go back to your country' or 'How is Saddam Hussein?'" said Shah, whose family settled in Elgin when he was a toddler. "They just say it for fun. You just got to shake it off and ignore it."
Shah was one of 120 students drawn from Elgin Area School District U-46's four high schools to watch a special viewing of The History Channel and Comcast's "Voices for Civil Rights" documentary at Larkin High School.
Teens then listened as community leaders testified to their brush with the civil rights movement, as a child integrated into an all-white school or a young nurse vying for a job on an all-white hospital staff.
"I was beginning my third-grade year when schools were integrated," said Theodia Gillespie with the Quad County Urban League.
Gillespie recalls sitting in her Missouri class as the only black child in the room. No one spoke to her.
"Instead of the teacher thinking maybe we need to provide some support," Gillespie said, "I was placed in a class where kids . …


text:
Villa Cardinal Girolamo(0 stars)Via Giacomo Leopardi 97 View on map
Unfortunately there are no hotel reviews available. Be the first to review Villa Cardinal Girolamo and help other guests.
Show on map:
- Hotel
- Things to do and see
Information about Villa Cardinal Girolamo
Hotel Information
Hotel amenities
- Luggage room
- Meeting/Banquet Facilities
- Fax and photocopying facilities
- Central heating
- Free parking
Room amenities
- Writing bureau
- Coffee and tea
- Bathroom
Other hotel information
- 24 hour reception
- Express check in and check out
- Pets allowed
Nearby - Hotels and Things to do
- Hotels
- Things to do & See


text:
Getting firsthand information from an actual car owner is one sure way to get an idea of car performance once it leaves the lot. Autobytel features real consumer reviews that give the unbiased experience of a car.
one of the best
Pros: 4WD
Cons: surveyscar has done well by me
Bullit Proof Ride!!!
Pros: Dependability
Cons: Gas mileageThis car has been 100% reliable for the first 100k (except for a battery at 90k). It has been everything that I could have expected.
Almost Great
Pros: Handling and AWD
Cons: Under powered by 25/30 hp.This car is wonderful to drive and handles like a BMW at times. Problem without Turbo auto is a bit under powered even with the manual 5 speed. Still for a short wheel base it feels great, stops on a dime and is very balanced. Low center of gravity and AW keeps auto glued to ground. Best car for the money in its class. First Subaru but won't be the last.
Great car, but ugly
Pros: AWD
Cons: no folding mirrorssmooth CVT
Buyer's remorse
Pros: The handling
Cons: everything but the handlingDon't get me wrong, this car is a lot of fun to drive. However, considering the price, the quality is very poor. There are a lot of squeaks, the paint scratches extremely easily, I've had problems with the fuel door. The overall interior materials are cheap. The metal is cheap. The car feels cheap.
Great value for the money
Our First Subaru - Best Car Yet
Pros: Riding in the Car, Well desinged suspension!
Cons: Radio controls, the actual system sound is superSo much thought went into this vehicle, from design, dashboard detail, ride and comfort, great drive control, excellent power, but VERY low on noise, beautiful interior, spacious, it just goes on and on, the sound systems, once you read the directions for use, is actually spectacular, could use a little more user friendliness in that realm, and the fact that this little car is so solidly built, super 18' wheels...We'll my wife and I would love to meet the designers and thank them personally for this car! Couldn't have designed one better for us. Perfect!


text:
Bethel Community Mourns Loss of Music Professor, Long-Time Choir Director
Bethel College Associate Professor of Music Bob Ham passed away Fri., Feb. 12, in Mishawaka after a battle with cancer. He was 61 years old.
Bethel College is an accredited evangelical four-year Christian college of the arts and sciences affiliated with the Missionary Church. Offering more than 50 areas of study, Bethel is a Christian community of learners, dedicated to building lives of commitment for leadership in the Church and the world. Located in Mishawaka, Indiana, the intimate campus is an urban-situated campus close to a wide range of employment, service and recreational opportunities.
National Championships for the Bethel College Pilots in the NAIA and NCCAA
for Top 50 Colleges and Universities Exceeding Expectations
In classrooms and through real-world experiences, Bethel undergraduate students receive an education that is Christ-centered, focuses on skills, character development and, of course, academic excellence. Also, our adult and graduate studies programs provide classroom or online learning options that meet the needs of working adults.
Bethel College Associate Professor of Music Bob Ham passed away Fri., Feb. 12, in Mishawaka after a battle with cancer. He was 61 years old.
The Bethel College Career Services Office is hosting a career and internship fair on Wednesday, March 9, from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. in the Wiekamp Athletic Center on Bethel's campus. Representatives from…
See the full list of students who made the Dean's List for the 2015 Fall semester. Congratulations, we are proud of your hard work!
The Bethel College Office of Diversity & Inclusion invited students, faculty and staff to celebrate the life and impact of Martin Luther King Jr. with activities that included a chapel service presented…
"During your campus visit, I hope you notice more than our facilities — watch your feet, too. The sidewalks you'll travel carried more than 19,000 alumni to their dreams. You can get to your dreams from here, too. I look forward to seeing you on campus soon!"
Bethel College President
Your student life experience at Bethel will forever change you. Embrace shared moments with friends in residence halls or intentional living communities. Reach out to the community through our annual service day opportunity. Open your heart during chapel worship services.


text:
Paysage 46x55 by MalahichaWatch
©2013-2016 Malahicha
oil on canvas 55 x46
These two you have submitted lately (yesterday and a just a moment ago) are something very masterful. It makes a splendid effect when you use two colours far apart from each other - like in this blue and orange - and kind of make a line between them. I mean, you do not blend them together and make new colours (which looks very nice too when you've done it, however)... Beautiful as always!


text:
With 1.7 million freelancers, we'll match you with the perfect talent.
The client has made the following changes to the job.
Job awarded.
Client prefers freelancers from:
You are still able to submit a proposal for this job.
The client prefers freelancers from
a different location.
We are looking for a Top Notch Mandarin translator for a business text (presentation of services) for approx 600 words.
The text will be proof red by another Mandarin translator so your translation must be perfect. We have many projects like this one and are looking for the best professional to work with.
Sign in or Register to see more


text:
Steven Tyler
Sponsored By
Steven Tyler Gets Skittled in New Super Bowl AdIt's trippy...
Listen to Steven Tyler's Big Country Anthem 'Red, White & You'Referencing sweet potato pie, roller coasters and good ol' boys, Tyler's swaggering song delivers a nuanced twang.
Steven Tyler Releases Second Country Single"Red, White & You," comes out on Jan. 22.
Watch Steven Tyler Sing Aerosmith's 'I Don't Want to Miss a Thing' with a Street PerformerWhat are the odds that Steven Tyler would walk by as you're playing one of his songs on the street?
Steven Tyler, the Roots, Eric Church, Sheryl Crow 'Come Together' for John Lennon TributeThe concert underscored John Lennon's cross-generational, cross-genre appeal with a star-studded lineup.
Steven Tyler, Tom Morello and More to Perform at John Lennon Tribute ConcertThe all-star tribute event will take place at the Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City on Saturday, December 5th.
Steven Tyler Is Threatening To Sue Donald Trump Over Use of "Dream On"
Watch Steven Tyler & The Cadillac Three Surprise Crowd with 'Sweet Emotion'And then there were four.
Steven Tyler Talks Nashville Move, New Country AlbumAmong the details revealed, Steven had a pet racoon growing up!
Cyndi Lauper, David Bowie & More To Contribute To Nickelodeon's 'The SpongeBob Musical'SpongeBob SquarePants is getting ready to hit the stage.
Steven Tyler To Headline Pilgrimage FestivalWillie Nelson, Wilco, Weezer, Sheryl Crow, Cage the Elephant will also perform.
He's Country Now, But Steven Tyler's 'Love Is Your Name' Video Is Still So, Well, Steven TylerThe video begins with a lone microphone shown in an empty arena donned by several of Tyler's iconic scarves.


text:
Not a big deal, but it would be great if it gets fixed. Thanks!
Printable View
Not a big deal, but it would be great if it gets fixed. Thanks!
What definition are you using for what I assume to be "albumart" ?
Not sure what you mean.. I'm using J.
is road runner configured to do anything with usb devices upon standby/hibernation? i have noticed that occasionally (about 1/4 times) my touchscreen does not resume function after standby. turning the monitor on/off or unplugging/plugging the usb cable fixes the problem. this only started happening after i installed RR. is there a correlation or is my problem elsewhere?
My bet is something else, rr only messes with usb audio cards, not anything with the TS
Will we see ilists transparent? or use of .png files to use a transparent image? now that would excite me, these ilists make add so much dimension to your skin!
are you using the mp3art plugin or anything like that ?
If the album art changes in one screen, it should change in all of them (Since there's a single place in RR all screens read the current album art from).. so this is a little weird that it is happening -- does it happen on any skin you do that to ?


text:
Okay so i need three players on ps3 to help me to finish off maxis's side of the easter egg.
and that have a little understanding of what need to be done. and also a mic. so if your up to it, please send me a friend request. my Online ID is ZombiiiSlayer
and if you's need to get some points in the bank i'll be happy to do a custom match to gain the points with you.
AUSTRALIA or close
add Grim-Beast
righteo bud
i have it done already...but im aslo bored at the moment...so hit it up
okay buddy, i'll send you the request
lol i didnt see the austrila or close part...im from the states :/


text:
Make sure you don't miss any Law360 breaking news.
Track this case
Indiana Southern
380(Personal Property: Other)
Judge William T. Lawrence
News Coverage, Answers, Appeals, Complaints, Motions, Orders, Trial Notes
There are no docket events at this time.
Already a subscriber? Click here to login
Email (Professional email required)
First Name
Last Name
Password (at least 6 characters required)
Confirm Password


text:
Select Local Merchants
Sun-SuRead MoreTreat yourself to a spa day every now and then. Sun-Su in St. Francis is a great place to visit with all the luxurious treatments it offers. This spa features a large selection of massages, all of which aim to please. Call Sun-Su today and take advantage of the great offerings and services that this day spa has to offer.5554 West Forest Home AvenueGreenfield, WI US
Essence of Health Massage Therapy CenterRead MoreHead to Essence of Health Massage Therapy Center in New Berlin for a relaxing and well-deserved day at the spa. Take a load off and escape to this spa for a rejuvenating and stimulating massage treatment. Get the relaxation of an entire vacation in one afternoon at Essence of Health Massage Therapy Center. Book your appointment today!13700 West National AvenueNew Berlin, WI US
Relaxation StationRead MoreTaking care of yourself is important for your mental health. You won't find anywhere better to get pampered than Wauwatosa's Relaxation Station. This spa offers an array of massages for those looking for extreme relaxation. You'll want to book an appointment before heading over to this spa. It has an appointment-only policy. A spa day filled with relaxing treatments doesn't have to cost you a fortune. Head to Relaxation Station for moderate prices and relaxing services. Relaxation Station also accepts credit card payments for those who prefer to pay with plastic. Relaxation Station is just steps away from a parking lot. Relax in luxury comfort at Relaxation Station and leave with a new burst of confidence.1109 North Mayfair RoadWauwatosa, WI US
Anointed Hands Massage Therapy WauwatosaRead MoreThe massage therapists at Anointed Hands use bodywork techniques to enhance the health and well-being of entire families. Clients of all ages—including expectant mothers, infants, and children aged 2–16 years old—gain serenity and awareness of their bodies through services tailored to address their individual needs. Swedish and deep-tissue massages release stress and soothe pain, leaving clients able to laugh and smile a little easier. The caring staff also takes time to educate clients about the benefits of massage and how they can incorporate it further into their lives.10855 W Potter Rd.Wauwatosa, WI US
Massage EnvyRead MoreThe meteoric growth of Massage Envy has led to more than 800 spa locations and a healthy share of limelight from printed media buzz to promotions on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and The Doctors . Its experts have kneaded more than 50 million backs using modalities that range from the gliding strokes of Swedish massage to the targeted pressure of deep-tissue massage. Although the spa treats a wealth of clients, each Massage Envy session is personalized to individual needs. While indulging in prenatal, hot-stone, or trigger-point-therapy massages, clients can also request the soothing mint and rosemary essential oils of aromatherapy or the addition of warming and cooling products that help decrease inflammation and ease pain. In addition to staffing massage therapists, the spas employ skincare experts who wield Murad products for four kinds of facials. Clients can treat sensitive skin to mild exfoliation or opt for anti-aging facials with glycolic acid before attempting to order off the kids' menu at a diner.109 E. Silver Spring Dr.Whitefish Bay, WI US
Elements MassageRead MoreMuscle knots. Chronic aches. Deep-seated reservoirs of stress and anxiety. These and other ailments bring clients to Elements Therapeutic Massage, where they find relief courtesy of professional therapists who customize their treatments to match individual needs. The studio's unique, level-based system gives clients an idea of what to expect during the session; they can request a low level for a gentler experience or opt for a higher level to eliminate any soreness remaining from the previous day's jousting tournament. Each massage therapist has his or her own specialties, and treatments may draw on relaxing Swedish and hot-stone techniques or firmer deep-tissue and trigger-point strokes.312 East Silver Spring DriveWhitefish Bay, WI US


text:
Melody Gilstrap
The owner of Marketing by Design, Melody works as Frank's marketing director for all print advertising and website development and maintenance. Her distinctive designs for Frank's home brochures and Tulsa World of Homes magazine ads help separate Frank from the competition. None of Frank's marketing materials go "out the door" without Melody's "stamp of approval."
J. Grant Gilstrap
A professional and highly talented real estate photographer, J. Grant captures the essence of Frank's listings. Using state-of-the-art digital camera equipment that includes wide-angle lens photography, J. Grant produces remarkable images for the internet and print.
Ann Rollins
Ann has diligently worked as Frank's primary closing agent throughout his real estate career. Employed at First Title and Abstract Services, Inc., Ann is an accomplished professional who helps insure successful completion of Frank's real estate transactions.
Website: www.firstitle.com


text:
Comment guidelines: Please be respectful to other people when making comments on this page. Bullying and abuse will not be tolerated and may result in your account being banned. Due to feedback from our user community, comments are now only available to registered users.
Register to update information, save favorites, post photos, news stories and comments.
Karisma Kapoor is an Indian actress who appears in Bollywood films. Part of the Kapoor family, she is the daughter of actors Randhir Kapoor and Babita. Kapoor made her acting debut at the age of seventeen with Prem Qaidi in 1991. She subsequently featured in films including Jigar (1992), Anari (1993), Raja Babu, Suhaag (1994), Coolie No. 1, Gopi Kishan (1995), Saajan Chale Sasural and Jeet (1996).
List of links to Karisma Kapoor fansites:


text:
Picture: Kanye West Nicki Minaj performs live at the Hammerstein Ballroom with friends New York City, USA - 25.11.10
COACHELLA 2011 will be headlined by Kanye West, The Strokes, Arcade Fire and Kings Of Leon after the festival announced its official line-up last night (19th January 2011). Guitar bands will dominate the stages at the Californian festival this summer, with the likes of Duran Duran, PJ Harvey, THE Black Keys, Interpol and Bright Eyes also being confirmed.
Dance fans won't be put off however, as heavyweights such as THE Chemical Brothers will also be performing, as will DJ Sasha, Fedde Le Grand, BLOODY BEETROOTS and Crystal Castles. However, some fans were left disappointed by the absence of French dance duo Daft Punk, who were heavily tipped to headline the festival. Singer Katy Perry took to her Twitter page to air her frustration, saying, "Dear @coachella WTF happened to DAFT PUNK?! I wanted to get my TRON ON! Needless to say, I'll still be there w/glowstixxxs" (sic). This year's line-up also features a number of reforming bands, such as Death From Above 1979 and the Mick Jones fronted band Big Audio Dynamite. The festival will take place at the Empire Polo Fields in Indio, California, between the 15th and 17th of April 2011.
Last year's festival was headlined by rapper JAY-Z, British rock band Muse, and Damon Albarn's 'Gorillaz'.