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Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Architecture is the study of buildings. Since we humans do not have fur, feathers, or shells for protection from the elements, we have needed buildings as shelter for thousands of years. Buildings contain our living and working spaces and the places where we congregate and interact in small or large groups such as markets, churches, arenas, transportation hubs, schools, and hospitals.
Architecture began with urban civilization when people started farming crops for food and living in settled towns and cities near their fields. Urban life offered protection, and gave rise to social classes and trades. Builders and planners began to create orderly arrangements that grew into cities.
Mary Draper
With the rise of rulers and governments came the first building codes. If a builder in ancient Babylon constructed buildings that collapsed (always a concern in the seismically active Middle East), he ran the risk of having his own house destroyed as a penalty. Rulers could command the wealth of large populations through taxes, and ordered large buildings to be constructed as symbols of power and majesty. Many of these buildings were palaces or luxurious dwellings, but others had religious or mystical significance.
As soon as builders understood the basic principles of structure and began to create large covered spaces that could hold gatherings of people, designers became aware of the effects that buildings can have on human feelings. Everyone responds to the space and proportion, light and color, materials and acoustics, and the patterns and rhythms of buildings. The best architecture from ancient times to the present, whether simple or sophisticated, strives for a sense of harmony while fulfilling a practical need. Building design across the world reflects the differences between cultures, climates, and available materials. Tastes change constantly, in a never-ending cycle, from plain to highly ornamented and back again. Shown in the image below are urban residences from Europe and Australia.
Mary Draper
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Christopher Fox
Architecture has subdivided into many specialty fields over the years. Requirements vary widely between residential and commercial buildings, for example, or between bus stations and airports. Landscape architects concentrate on the spaces between buildings.
John Kostick
Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Interior designers finish the spaces inside buildings.
Mary Draper
Urban planners determine the arrangement and function of groups of buildings. This 1836 concept map defined a central business district, traffic patterns, residential areas, and parklands that are still in place in a city of more than a million inhabitants.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Building designers have experimented with and refined the tools of their trade, from the time lengths were measured against parts of the human body and drawings were on parchment, up to the present day. Computerized measurements can now be extremely accurate; designs can be developed, pictured, and shared electronically all over the world. Designers have always created building forms that are challenging both to construct and to look at. Now the computer makes analysis of structural needs and stresses more quickly and more accurately than ever before.
Mary Draper
Large buildings have become incredibly complex, as they have to contain complete systems for transportation, climate control, communications, power, water supply, and waste. Digital tools enable the vast amount of information needed to design and document modern buildings to be collected with efficiency.
Mary Draper
Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 1 - What is Architecture?
Autodesk® Design Academy
Unit 2 - Software Tools
About This Unit
This unit explains the main components of Autodesk Revit Architecture software. It begins with illustrations of model objects, mass objects, dimensions and the ribbon interface. There are exercises that demonstrate how to work with the properties of views and model objects, and how to create your own building elements. After completing this unit, you will be able to: s Navigate the user interface: View window, Project Browser, ribbon tools, Options Bar. s Place, locate, and modify model elements. s Use dimensions to control model elements. s Place and modify mass elements. s Create building elements from mass elements. s Open different views. s Change view displays. s Change view properties. s Adjust Advanced Model Graphics. s Access, load, and place a family from a library. s Change type properties of a family. s Create an in-place family. Unlike pencil and paper, software tools for design are complex applications that evolve continually. However, just as with pencil and paper, good design sense and drafting technique are necessary for success. Good technique requires learning how tousethe software properlyin orderto represent the design concept efficiently and accurately.
s s s s s
Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements Conceptual Design with Mass Models Annotations and Dimensions Display and Navigation Working with Views and Objects
Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements
About This Lesson
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: s Draw walls in a building project. s Describe the tools for placing building elements. s Constrain placement of objects.
Key Terms
align building element constraint equidistant vertical wall
Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM), and Language Arts. To review the list of standards for each lesson, view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.
This lesson relates to science, technology, engineering, and math standards.
Design Using Elements
Buildings are often designed inside out. This means that the designer concentrates on functional or spatial requirements for interiors and the relationships between rooms or spaces, rather than the shape of the building as seen from outside. In cases like this, sketching walls in plan view is the most efficient way to start a conceptual design. Doors, windows, stairs, and other elements are then fit in or between walls as part of the design development process. Revit Architecture software makes locating walls as easy as drawing lines.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 - Software Tools
Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements s 9 . and the cursor reads geometric features (endpoints. horizontal) to use in constraining the sketch. midpoints) and relationships (vertical. the display shows editable distances and angles.When sketching walls. Distances can be adjusted at any time. intersections.
furniture.Constraints that preserve relationships can be applied. and equipment can be loaded in from content libraries or sketched in place. and 3D views.Software Tools . The Build panel on the Home tab contains tools for populating the design. 10 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . windows. section. stairs. You can add building elements in plan. roofs. elevation. Other building elements such as doors. floors.
If one is moved. windows placed in a wall are set to be equidistant. the other will move as well. Conceptual Design by Sketching Building Elements s 11 . or at any time after. windows are being aligned center to center and locked together. relationships can be established that make editing efficient. In the two illustrations shown.While components are being sketched. In the illustration shown.
12 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . In essence. parametric design establishes rules that govern elements as a design evolves.Software Tools . all the windows obey their constraints.If the left side wall is moved.
view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. s Describe the tools for placing building elements. and math standards. Key Terms Curtain System In-Place Mass Mass Floor Massing & SiteTab Model by Face Place Mass Show Mass Solid Form Void Form Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science.Conceptual Design with Mass Models About This Lesson After completing this lesson. Math (STEM). and Language Arts. s Constrain placement of objects. Technology. To review the list of standards for each lesson. you will be able to: s Open the Massing & Site tab. engineering. Design Using Form Conceptual Design with Mass Models s 13 . s Use tools to create building elements from masses. you will be able to: s Draw walls in a building project. s Use the In-Place Mass tool. Engineering. technology. About This Lesson After completing this lesson. s Place a predefined Mass family. This lesson relates to science.
Revit Architecture has tools that enable designers to create 3D building shapes. A designer. Designers often decide on the form of a proposed building before determining its interior spaces. The ability to provide clients and reviewing authorities with comprehensible 3D sketches early in the design process is important to the success of a project. Working with masses is covered in greater detail in Getting Started. you can create in-place masses.Many factors determine the form or shape of a building. This can be in response to the site or to building restrictions. size. walls. or form of a proposed building that drives the design process. or masses. Masses can be edited in many ways. and curtain systems. There are mass families available to load into a project. owner. The Massing and Site tab The Conceptual Mass panel on the Massing & Site tab holds tools for placing mass families or starting in-place masses. and there is a conceptual mass family editor environment. Tall building designs must frequently satisfy setback regulations that affect the shape of towers. quickly. such as distance requirements from roadways. 14 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . and then converted into building components such as floors. roofs. or client may have a preconceived idea about the shape.Software Tools .
Place Mass Place Mass enables you to load in predefined mass families from the Revit Architecture library. Conceptual Design with Mass Models s 15 .
16 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . Here you can create a combination of solid or void forms to define a named mass object.Software Tools . In-Place Mass In-Place Mass opens the Model-In-Place Mass tab.Masses placed in a project this way have properties you can edit.
roofs. you can create a Mass Floor for each level that can then be converted into a floor. masses. Vertical exteriors can be converted to walls using Model by Face > Wall. Conceptual Design with Mass Models s 17 . or within. and curtain systems by selecting faces of. When a mass has been placed or created in a project. walls.Create Building Elements from Masses Model by Face opens tools to create building elements such as floors.
Software Tools .18 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
Mass Floors can be converted to floors using Model by Face > Floor. Conceptual Design with Mass Models s 19 .
Software Tools . Model by Face > Roof converts horizontal or nearly horizontal faces into roofs. 20 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Model by Face > Curtain System enables you to convert nonvertical or torqued faces into editable panel systems that can become finished walls.
the correct Mass category must also be set visible in the View Properties.The Show Mass icon on the Conceptual Mass panel toggles display of masses on and off. Conceptual Design with Mass Models s 21 . To print a mass displayed in a view.
22 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .This lesson provided an overview of how to create and place mass models using the Massing & Site tab.
Math (STEM). Engineering. engineering. and Language Arts. and math standards. Annotations and Dimensions s 23 . Key Terms annotations Cartesian family permanent dimension spot coordinate spot elevation symbol temporary dimension text Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Annotations Designs and illustrations of building projects are incomplete without the specific instructions given by annotations and dimensions. Annotation includes text notes. tags.Annotations and Dimensions About This Lesson After completing this lesson. technology. This lesson relates to science. legends. and symbol heads. you will be able to: s Describe standard and custom symbols. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. To review the list of standards for each lesson. s Recognize temporary dimensions. s Explain the use of dimensions. Technology.
Revit Architecture supplies a library of annotation symbols organized by family. and all instances of the family loaded into a project will update.rfa) can be opened and edited. Each symbol family file (*.Software Tools . 24 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
The user can also create custom symbol families using supplied family template (*rft) files. Annotations and Dimensions s 25 .
and permanent dimensions for annotating. 26 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools . Dimension controls display on the Options Bar. Permanent dimensions can be used to modify the model. radial. Permanent dimensions can be linear. or angular.Dimensions Revit Architecture uses temporary dimensions for sketching.
but can be located precisely in vertical or horizontal space by assigning coordinates. and how other levels change display accordingly. Annotations and Dimensions s 27 .Revit Architecture models do not contain a Cartesian (x.y.z) coordinate system. The following illustrations show how a project's main level is assigned a real-world elevation.
Software Tools .Spot elevations and spot coordinates (for plans) are also available. 28 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
Annotations and Dimensions s 29 .This lesson provided an overview of systems for annotations and dimensions.
the Type Selector.Display and Navigation About This Lesson After completing this lesson. s Navigate views by using the Project Browser. s Open tabs on the ribbon. To review the list of standards for each lesson. and Options Bar. s Use Properties and View Controls to adjust the display. you will be able: s Identify the elements of the Revit Architecture screen display. engineering. s Work with context tabs and the Options Bar. Technology.Software Tools . Exercises s s s View Controls Work with Families Create Custom Families Key Terms context tabs elevations floor plan Options Bar Properties palette ribbon tabs Type Selector View Control Bar Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. technology. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. 30 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . and math standards. Engineering. s Open and use ribbon tabs. s Work with tool buttons. This lesson relates to science. and Language Arts. Math (STEM).
You activate tabs on the ribbon to access the commands within them. Some commands will not be active (that is. for instance. windows. they are greyed out and unresponsive) in certain conditions. Ribbon Tabs The ribbon consists of the following nine tabs: s Home s Insert s Annotate s Structure s Massing & Site s Collaborate s View s Manage s Modify The Home tab includes common building components such as walls. The Ribbon The special area of the user interface to access tools in Revit Architecture is the ribbon. doors. Its position is fixed. Display and Navigation s 31 . Tools specific to elevation views will not be active in plan views. The ribbon sits above the drawing window.Navigating the Ribbon Interface This exercise illustrates how you locate and select tools to create your building design. beams. and rooms.
32 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .The Insert tab provides commands for linking and importing external content.Software Tools .
and text. columns. trusses. and foundations. symbols. structural walls. slabs. The Massing & Site tab enables you to create masses—which are different from building objects—and to create or modify 3D site forms. Structure The Structure tab has tools to place beams and beam systems.The Annotate tab enables you to place dimension. braces. Display and Navigation s 33 . detailing.
34 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .
The View tab has tools for creating views and changing them.The Collaborate tab includes tools for working with others. Display and Navigation s 35 .
and inquiry.Software Tools .The Manage tab provides dialog boxes for changing settings. copy/paste. 36 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . The Modify|Place Wall context tab is shown. The Modify tab has tools for you to work with items in a project: editing. materials. and parameters. Context tabs display as you work.
Display and Navigation s 37 .
and Close. Print. Save. 38 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Application Menu The application menu opens when you click the Revit icon in the upper left corner of the screen.Software Tools . This menu has file management tools such as New. The Close option on the application menu is the effective way to close project files. Open.
Revit Architecture Screen Display This lesson shows you specific areas of the Revit Architecture user interface and describes their functions. The following images identify the basic interface components for Revit Architecture: Display and Navigation s 39 .
and groups. along with a floor plan view for Level 2 and a site view.A new file opens by default to a floor plan view at Level 1. with four elevation markers visible. sheets. The Project Browser The Project Browser displays the contents of the model file in a logical tree structure. The elevation markers control the building elevations already listed in the browser. and sheets are views that will be discussed in later lessons.Software Tools . Ceiling plan views for Levels 1 and 2 are generated automatically. schedules. families. 40 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . The browser provides views of your building model along with legends. schedules. Legends.
Available views include: s Floor plans s Ceiling plans s 3D views s Elevations s Sections s Detail views s Renderings s Drafting views s Walkthroughs s Area plans Families are named collections of content (such as doors and windows) or settings (such as text or dimensions). Groups are user-created collections of content (such as a room full of furniture) treated as one object for convenience in handling. Display and Navigation s 41 .
The status bar also holds controls for Worksets and Design Options when these have been activated in a project. visual style. rendering (in 3D views). 42 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . sun settings. shadow display. Windows panel on the ribbon. cropping. This works with the tooltips that appear under the cursor when you pass the cursor over items or select things. Icons for these tools are found on the View Control Bar at the lower left of the view window above the status bar. hide/isolate and display hidden item controls are specified individually for each view of the model.Software Tools . View Control Bar View scale. and a selection filter counter at the far right end. level of detail. A check mark indicates it is visible. The status bar displays hints and instructions as you work. To toggle the Project Browser on/off. The Status Bar Below the Project Browser is the status bar.The Project Browser can be resized or undocked. click the User Interface button located on the View tab.
The interior structure of a wall will show at Medium and Fine. To change the scale of a view. Select the desired view scale from the list.View scale determines the amount of space the view takes when placed on a plotting sheet. Level of detail determines the display of cut objects in plan views. The Detail Level control is to the right of the View Scale control on the View Control bar. but not at Coarse. Display and Navigation s 43 . place the cursor over the View Scale readout on the View Control bar and click.
The following image shows walls of a complex type displayed at Coarse and Medium detail: The Visual Style control is to the right of the Detail Level control. It enables you to switch between Wireframe. 44 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . Consistent Colors and Realistic display modes. Hidden Line is the default. Shaded. Shaded with Edges.Software Tools . Hidden Line.
Display and Navigation s 45 .
46 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .
date and time. sun and shadow intensity. Display and Navigation s 47 . or by global location. You can also open the Graphic Display Options dialog box to control the sun settings. You use the Sun Settings dialog box to specify sun angle.The Sun control turns on the display of the sun path for display purposes. which can be according to the view. and line styles applied to edges in section or elevation views. The Shadow control turns on the display of shadows for display purposes.
48 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .
The Render control is active in 3D views. Display and Navigation s 49 . and materials applied to model surfaces. shadows. It enables you to create renderings with sunlight.
The Crop controls enable you to show and activate an adjustable cropping border to a view.Software Tools . Crop region hidden and inactive Crop region shown but inactive 50 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
Crop shown and active Crop hidden and active Display and Navigation s 51 .
Crop region selected.Software Tools . controls available The Temporary Hide/Isolate control allows control over the display of objects or categories of objects per view. Once elements have been hidden. You can also hide and change the display of elements that you have selected with right-click menu 52 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . Selecting the control again enables you to remove the temporary condition or make it permanent. the view window displays a colored border.
options. Display and Navigation s 53 .
54 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools . along with other display settings. These controls. View Properties displays when nothing is selected in the view window. enabling you to select them. are available in the Properties palette for the active view.The Reveal Hidden Elements control shows items that have been hidden in a view.
expand its view category if necessary and double-click the view name. Display and Navigation s 55 . View. Annotate. To activate or open a view. Collaborate. Massing & Site. Each ribbon tab contains panels of grouped buttons. The properties of the selected view will display on the Properties palette. Structure. You can switch from tab to tab to select the appropriate tool. The Ribbon The ribbon holds tabs organized by task. Manage and Modify.All views are listed in the Project Browser. Insert. Nine tabs are available: Home. You can right-click a view name in the Project Browser to open or close it.
56 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Certain ribbon tools are split and hold options on a drop-down list. Certain ribbon tools found in panel titles will open settings dialog boxes.Software Tools .
Context Tabs. Type Selector When you start a tool by clicking a button. Display and Navigation s 57 . a context tab which combines the Modify tab with tools for working with the object(s) opens. Properties Palette. a context tab opens on the ribbon. Options Bar. If you select items in the view window. the Options Bar may display below it. The Modify|Place Wall tab is shown in the following image. When a context tab is active. This tab combines tools from the Modify tab with tools specific for the work you have started. showing options that you can select while you are working.
Software Tools .58 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
the Properties palette enables you to adjust properties of the object you are placing or modifying. The Type Selector on the Properties palette enables you to choose between types of elements. Display and Navigation s 59 .When you select an item or start a placement tool.
Navigation Bar The Navigation Bar on the right of the view window holds controls for zooming in the view. 60 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .
Display and Navigation s 61 .
There is a ViewCube control in 3D views that enables you to orient the view.You can also reach zoom controls on the right-click menu. 62 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . In 3D views.Software Tools . the Navigation Bar has controls for Steering Wheels. which are navigation tools tied to the cursor.
Quick Access Toolbar At the top left of the screen is the Quick Access toolbar containing frequently used tools: file toolsfile tools annotate toolsannotate tools view toolsview tools window toolswindow tools The Quick Access toolbar is the only place where Undo and Redo appear. Display and Navigation s 63 . You can add New File to the Quick Access toolbar from the available list and you can open a dialog box to further customize the Quick Access toolbar list.
Software Tools .You can also right-click ribbon buttons and add them to the Quick Access toolbar for constant visibility. 64 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
Export. File Save. such as File Open. New File. Display and Navigation s 65 . Closing individual views does not close a project file until you reach the last open view. You can switch this list to show open views in open files. the application menu. and you can then click a view name in the list to switch to a view in another file. On the right is a list of recently opened files. Print. Click a file name to open that file. File Close only appears on the application menu. and Publish.Application Menu Click the Revit icon in the upper left of the screen to open the only menu. The application menu contains file management controls.
This lesson outlined the basic display and navigation components of the user interface for Autodesk Revit Architecture software.Software Tools . 66 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .
or click New > Project from the application menu. The panel titles display under the tab titles. make the Home tab active. After you have examined each of them. Do this for other tabs. Click the arrow to the right of the Modify tab name. Select Minimize to Tabs from the list. Display and Navigation s 67 . The completed exercise 4. 2. click the names of the tabs one by one to open them. 3.Exercise: Display and Hide Ribbon Tabs This exercise shows you how to display and hide tabs on the ribbon. click Projects > New in the Recent Files window. On the ribbon. The panels display under the cursor and disappear when the cursor moves away. click OK in the dialog box that opens. Click the arrow to the right of the Modify tab title. If you select the menu option. Display and Hide RibbonTabs 1. To start a new project. Select Minimize to Panel Titles. The ribbon tabs disappear except for their titles.
Minimized panel display is suitable for smaller screens. 6. Close the file without saving.Software Tools . In this exercise. Click the arrow immediately to the left of the list arrow you clicked previously. Select Minimize to Panel Buttons.5. hid and displayed tabs on the ribbon. Click the arrow to the right of the Modify tab title. You can use this control to cycle through the ribbon displays. They disappear when you move the cursor away. Click the arrow to the right of the Modify tab title. Click the panel title to display the individual tools. and then viewed. Icons for panels display below tab titles. Select Show Full Ribbon to return to the default ribbon display. Select Cycle Through All. 7. 68 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . you opened a project file.
Exercise 2. The file opens to a 3D view. Display and Navigation s 69 . Quick Start for Revit Architecture. You worked on this file in Getting Started. Click the Open File icon on the Quick Access toolbar. Open quick_start_building_elements. 2.Exercise: Context Tabs This exercise illustrates how to explore tools and commands on context tabs. The completed exercise Context Tabs 1. Open view Floor Plan Level 1. doubleclick the view name.rvt. The graphics display changes to show the Level 1 Floor Plan. In the Project Browser. A copy is also in the courseware datasets.
Click the door in the upper left of the model. 7. You are creating a filtered selection set of just the windows in the view. 70 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . all the walls. Note that is has fewer panels and tools than the tabs for specific elements. 6. Click the down arrow next to the thumbnail icon to open the Type list. 4. doors. You are selecting everything visible. . The Modify | Doors context tab opens.3. The context tab changes to Modify | Windows. Select Fixed: 24" x 48" from the list to change all the selected windows to this type. 8. Click any interior wall. Clear Walls and Doors. Click and drag the cursor outside the perimeter of the model. The Modify | Walls context tab opens. 5. On the Properties palette. and windows highlight blue.Software Tools . the Type Selector list reads Fixed: 36" x 48". Click OK. Click Filter panel > Filter. The Modify | Multi-Select context tab opens.
and used the Options Bar to change a selection set of elements. Place a door as shown. Click any door. 11. examined the menus and toolbars. Click Modify | Place Door tab > Select panel > Modify to terminate the Door tool. Save the file as Unit2_building_elements. the Type Selector shows Single-Flush 36" x 84" selected.9.rvt. Click anywhere in the view to clear the selection set. 12. you opened a project file. Select Single-Flush 30" x 80" from the list. 10. click Create panel > Create Similar. On the Modify | Doors context tab. On the Properties palette. Display and Navigation s 71 . Select any window to verify that it has changed type. In this exercise.
You can create sections. annotations. and 3D views using the View menu. Math (STEM). Technology. Engineering. and views. s Control how things appear on your screen using View Properties. display controls. floors). Pan. building elements (walls. In the exercises. 72 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . Component families include model objects (furniture. Exercises s s s View Controls Work with Families Create Custom Families Key Terms component family menus Options Bar ribbon system family toolbars View Properties view navigation zoom Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. To review the list of standards for each lesson. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. drafting views. Work with Views and Objects This lesson explores Revit Architecture views and model objects. Revit uses the term family to denote a collection of controls and parameters.Software Tools . templates. s Load and place component families. you: s Change the display in Revit by opening different views. s Work with Revit families. and elevation views by default. Views can be added to your drawing sheets. Revit provides floor plan. mechanical equipment). you will be able to: s Use View Controls and Graphic Display options. and so on) using your cursor combined with the selected View tool. and Language Arts. s Modify a standard family to create a new family type. lines. either predefined or user-created. ceiling plan. schedules. s Create a new in-place family. s Navigate around your screen (Zoom. System families include levels.Working with Views and Objects About This Lesson After completing this lesson. operating settings.
engineering. and math standards. technology.This lesson relates to science. Working with Views and Objects s 73 .
View controls enable you to adjust the display of individual views to see and represent the model as you desire. VG also opens the dialog box. The dialog box opens with the Model Categories on top.Software Tools . Click Zoom to Fit. This is a shortcut to open the View Graphics/Visibility dialog box. Open Unit2_building_elements.rvt. 2. The completed exercise Visibility 1. Views are filters through which you can see representations of the database elements in graphic or table form. The display changes. is an extensive database. Right-click. Rightclick in the view window. 3. Use your keyboard to enter VV. The file opens to Floor Plan view Level 1. Clear the check mark next to Elevations. Click the Annotation Categories tab. You worked on this file in the previous exercise. There is no way to see everything in it. you practice with Zoom and Detail Level controls in a plan view. even a small one. Four elevation markers are visible. Click OK. There is also a copy in the course datasets. Click Zoom to Fit.Exercise: View Controls A building model. First. 74 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . The elevation markers disappear from the view.
In the Project Browser. The interior walls will now display lines to differentiate studs and drywall.4. Click and drag the cursor as shown. You can also use the scroll wheel on a mouse to zoom in and out. select Ceiling Plan Level 1. Click Open. The display is enlarged to show the area you defined. 7. You will change visibility of elements in another plan view. so be sure to select them both. On the View Control Bar. Enter ZF. This is a shortcut for Zoom to Fit. Select Detail Level: Medium. Right-click. Working with Views and Objects s 75 . Right-click. 5. Zoom to Fit. 6. Click Zoom In Region. Select the roof outline. click Detail Level. Hold down the CTRL key and window-select an elevation marker. There are two parts to an elevation.
2. It is the same as the multistep procedure you performed in step 3. This is a shortcut to turn off visibility for the categories of selected objects. On the Properties palette. The Underlay enables you to display floors other than the current one for purposes of checking alignment. This view is not particularly useful in its current setup. click the Zoom list > Zoom to Fit.8. Click Zoom to Fit. The Properties palette to the left of the View Window displays View Properties. On the Navigation Bar at the right of the view window. as before. There is also a Hide Category button on the View Graphics panel of the Modify | MultiSelect tab. Enter VH. 76 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . View Properties 1. change the Underlay value to None. You simplify it into a Roof Plan.Software Tools . Note that in Reflected Ceiling plans. Turn off visibility of the elevations. doors and windows are not shown. Open the Level 2 Floor Plan view.
click Edit. Click OK. the ridge is now visible. Click Rename. By setting the cut plane to a level higher than the peak of the roof.0". Click OK twice to exit the dialog box. Select the name of the Level 2 Floor Plan in the Project Browser.3. enter Roof. For Name. Working with Views and Objects s 77 . Click Yes in the question box about renaming other views. Scroll to the Extents subsection of the palette. and where the cut plane sits. All model views in Revit Architecture are 3D. 4. The View Range governs which physical elevations are used for the top and bottom of plan views. Set the cut plane value to 7' . Next to View Range. Right-click.
Zoom in to make the house fill the screen.Graphic Display Options 1. 3. 78 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools . Elevation views are covered in detail in Unit 8. In the Presets list. 2. On the View Control Bar > Graphic Display Options. select Shading with Edges. under Solar Study. In the Sun Settings dialog box. Click Graphic Display Options to open the Graphic Display Options dialog box. 5. select Still. On the View Control Bar > Visual Style. Accept the location that activates. Open Elevation view South. click the button to the right of the Sun Setting field. Set the time to 9:30 am. 4. In the dialog box that opens. select Shadows On. select Winter Solstice.
you opened a project file and adjusted visibility characteristics in multiple views. In this exercise. You also changed View Properties and used Advanced Model Graphics. The elevation shadows update. Save the file as Unit2_views.rvt.Notice that there are other controls to specify sun angle directly or by location and time. 6. Click OK twice to exit the dialog boxes. Working with Views and Objects s 79 .
Doors are considered standard family entities. Revit has a free online library that you can use to expand your designs even more. The completed exercise Use the Revit Architecture Library 1. 3. s In-place families are created within the project and are dependent upon the model geometry. and annotations are examples of standard families. 2. Many different types can be made for each family and used throughout the project. is predefined within Revit. There are system families. Build panel. click Door. floors.Exercise: Work With Families In this exercise. This button enables you to access families that are currently not loaded into your project. lights. Open Floor Plan view Level 1.rvt. This exercise illustrates how you locate. You add closet doors to interior walls. windows. and so on. such as levels. and furniture. s A standard family can be created by defining the geometry and parameters in the Family Editor. Click Modify | Place Door tab > Mode panel > Load Family. furniture. except they are fully parametric and table-driven. standard families.Software Tools . and place Revit families. Additionally. or institutional structures. Doors. and use a Revit family to place a door. you open an existing project file. On the Home tab. s A system family. doors and windows are dependent on walls). Revit provides you with the basic building components to be used in constructing residential. Designers who become proficient in Revit Architecture will create their own families of doors. objects can be defined as hosted (for example. commercial. and floors. In Revit. You can modify and define new types of system families by modifying the existing parameters. and families in place. railings. 80 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . or stand-alone (for example. Revit Architecture families are similar to multiview objects in AutoCAD Architecture. load. Open Unit2_views. windows. roofs. furniture). walls. These components are called families and there are several different types. You worked on this file in the previous exercise.
On the Modify | Place Door tab. Family files have a file extension of *. The temporary dimensions display the location of the door placement. Click Open. 4. Revit snaps weakly to the midpoint of walls. 5. Accept the default size. Click Open. s s 6. Working with Views and Objects s 81 . As you move your cursor near any wall. If you highlight a door family. a door appears along with temporary dimensions. Project files have a file extension of *. Click the Doors folder.rvt. You see the family you just loaded listed in the Type Selector of the Properties palette. Furniture. Locate Double Panel 2. It has a number of different sizes defined.rfa. verify that Tag on Placement is not selected (white). Tag panel. and Annotation. The Door Insertion tool stays active. you will see a preview of what the door looks like in the Preview window. You have families available in many different categories such as Doors. You click to place an instance of the door family.Your file browser automatically opens to a default library based on the units selected when Revit was installed.rfa.
Software Tools . loaded. simply click it. It snaps to the midpoint of the wall. An edit box displays in which you can enter a new value. Temporary dimensions display until you place another door or terminate the Door tool by selecting Modify. In this exercise.rvt. 8.7. Place two more instances of the door as shown. To edit a temporary dimension and relocate the door. 82 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . The dimensions redisplay if you select the door again. Place an instance of the door as shown. The door is placed facing the side of the wall where you click. You can flip the door by using the blue directional arrows. Your dimensions will probably differ from those shown. Save the file as Unit2_doors_walls. but not strongly. you located. 9. and placed instances of a door family.
and create an in-place family. Working with Views and Objects s 83 . 5. For Name. Select the double door as shown. The required width is not available. enter 48" x 80". modify a door family. The file opens to Floor Plan view Level 1. The Type Selector lists the available sizes for this door type. Open Unit2_doors_walls.Exercise: Create Custom Families In this exercise. 2.rvt. You worked on this file in the previous exercise. 4. In the Type Properties dialog box. Click OK. This door needs to be 48" wide. click Duplicate. 3. The completed exercise Modify an Existing Family 1. Click Properties palette > Edit Type. you open an existing project file.
4. imagine that the client has an heirloom grandfather clock and wants it to be a featured part of the main hall. select Generic Models. 3. 2.Software Tools . The Depth field on the Options Bar updates. Click OK. On the Properties palette. and to provide a way to see a representation of the clock in interior elevations. Create an In-Place Family In our hypothetical design. Click Home tab > Forms panel > Extrusion. The most effective way to make sure that space is allowed. You can enter inch values if you put " after the digits (as in 80"). Revit adjusts them to foot-inch readings.6. Click OK twice to exit the dialog boxes. Click OK. set the Extrusion End value to 6". On the Home tab. is to create a component family in place. In the dialog box. Edit the Height and Width dimension fields as shown. 84 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . The ribbon changes to the Family Editor environment. 1. The door updates. For Name. enter Hall Clock. Build panel. click Component > Model In-Place. 5.
Save the file as Unit2_custom_family. 10. Revit will display . The exact dimensions and location are not critical.0' 2". as shown. Click Home tab > Forms panel > Extrusion as before.2". Click OK. Sketch a rectangle inside the previous one. Draw a rectangle approximately 1' x 1' . Set the Lines mode to Rectangle with an Offset of . 13.4" as shown. Click Mode panel > Finish as before. and placed a door family. The family model updates. Working with Views and Objects s 85 . Click InPlace Editor panel > Finish Model. 8. 7. loaded. On the Draw panel. Set the Extrusion Start value to 6" and the Extrusion End value to 5' 6". Click Mode panel > Finish (green check mark). 9. You have created the base of the clock. 12. you located. 11.6. In this exercise.rvt. click Rectangle. You also created an in-place family using Extrusions.
s Discuss the development of computers in the 20th century. Science The discovery of quantum mechanics is said to form the basis of computing technology and nanoscience. Designers now use Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools rather than pencil and paper. s When did computers become widely used as building design tools? 86 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools . The wide availability of rapid calculations has made big changes in the way building design is carried out.STEM Connections Background Computers have replaced drafting tables throughout the building design industry.
rather than drawing perspective views by hand. s What is binary math. s How has the development of 3D design software affected the way houses are built? Math Computers do not use algebra or calculus to operate. s What is Moore's Law.Technology Processing power for computers has continued to grow over the years. and how does it apply to software tools? STEM Connections s 87 . and how does it apply to software tools? Engineering Computer screens now enable you to look at a building design from any angle.
True b. load. and place a family from a library. True b. s Access. Set the display mode to Shaded with Edges. b. Highlight the view name in the Project Browser. a. a. d. Zoom to an area designated by a rectangle drawn on the view by the user. c. Questions 1. tab. depending on the template selected. s Change type properties of a family. To activate a view: a. and click Open. a. Double-click the view name in the Project Browser. context tabs.Software Tools . d. False 3. Spin the model in 3D space. Go to View > View Name in the menu. you learned to: s Navigate the user interface: ribbon. Turn on Shadows. s Change view displays. Zoom in Region is used to: a.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture lesson. s Create an in-place model family. You can control how tabs display on the ribbon. 6. False 2. Right-click. False 5. s Open different views. True b. Each project has several predefined views. 7. False 4. b. c. s Adjust Visual Style Options. s Adjust Advanced Model Graphics and sun settings. All content tools are located on the ribbon. and Options Bar. Either a or b. Create a 3D perspective view. s Change view properties. d. The tool shown is used to: a. 88 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 . b. True b. Zoom to an area selected by a right click. Zoom to the entire model. Zoom to an area selected by a left click. Views can be renamed. a. c.
Project Browser d.) are called: a. a. Families 11. etc. If you have a scroll wheel mouse. Scroll d. Properties palette 10. windows. Standard b. Rotate c. All of the above. a. Parts d. A family created within a project is called ________________. Pan and Zoom b. Graphics Display Options dialog box c. The building components used in Revit Architecture (doors.8. Visibility/Graphics Overrides dialog box b. In-Place d. The Underlay setting of a view can be changed in the _________ . depending on settings 9. Custom Summary/Questions s 89 . Multiview b. Blocks c. you can use the scroll wheel to: a. System c.
90 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 2 .Software Tools .
5. s Duplicate and modify views. 4. 2. s Create dimensions and text. 6. (Evaluation) Introduction s 91 . s Create labels. 7. Review Revit Architecture setup. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create a Title Block. (Student) Complete Exercise: Set Units. s Work with sheets and viewports s Create a title block. s Create a project template. (Student) Complete Exercise: Insert a Title Block. (Student) Evaluate Students.Standards and Building Codes About This Unit After completing this unit. 9. Lesson Plan 1. 8. (Demonstration and Discussion) Complete Exercise: Select a Template. s Set project units. 3. s Create dimension and text styles. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create a New Sheet.Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 3 . (Student) Complete Exercise: Create a Template. you will be able to: s Select a project template. (Student) Complete Exercise: Modify a Dimension Style.
defining the layers. 92 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . The rules dictate how drawing sheets should be numbered and what symbols. and Language Arts.Standards and Building Codes About This Lesson Architectural and construction design must follow rules and standards. linetypes. To review the list of standards for each lesson.org.Standards and Building Codes . Technology. and symbols to be used in architectural drafting. Identify the different sheet sizes and how they should be named. Describe title blocks and the contents that are typically included in them. colors. The American Institute of Architects (AIA) establishes the rules for architectural drafting. Key Terms AIA attribute commercial dimension dual notation imperial label landscape layout metric permanent dimensions portrait plot scale ratio residential scale sheet temporary dimensions text title block units view Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. colors. should be used. Describe drawing scale and dimension styles. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.org. Math (STEM). you will be able to: s s s s s Describe drawing units and how they are measured in drawings. and so forth. Explain why templates are used. based on the AIA standards. linetypes. The American Institute of Architecture Students (AIAS) is an organization for students interested in pursuing a career in architecture.aias.aia. After completing this lesson. and the settings that are preset within them. to make it easier to check drawings that are being submitted to their planning departments. Engineering. Many cities and counties have their own rules. Visit the AIA website at www. Visit the AIAS website at www.
engineering. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson.This lesson relates to technology. and math standards. Standards and Building Codes s 93 .
a garage. and so on. Each bedroom or upper floor room that is adjacent to the exterior must have at least one window large enough to accommodate a firefighter with a backpack. uses a system of units to define the size of a structure and its components: walls. one window. and so on. with which other particular quantities of the same kind are compared to express their value. a common area (such as a living room or family room). and one closet.Standards and Building Codes . A good example of a Building Code rule applies to bedroom windows on an upper floor. the firefighter must be able to get into the room easily to fight the fire and save the people inside. otherwise it is considered a carport. The Uniform Building Code also defines what constitutes a bedroom. For example. The rules are meant to ensure that buildings are safe for people. Most states have their own building codes that take into consideration environmental and social issues specific to that state. windows. The numerical value of a particular physical quantity depends on the unit in which it is expressed. A garage must be completely enclosed. defined and adopted by convention. like mechanical drawing.Building Codes The Uniform Building Code establishes the rules for building design. in order for a room to be considered a bedroom. 94 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . doors. A unit is a particular physical quantity. If there is a fire. it cannot be called a bedroom. Drawing Units Architectural drawing. If it lacks any of these components. the number being its numerical value. a bathroom. it must have at least one door. The value of a physical quantity is the quantitative expression of a particular physical quantity as the product of a number and a unit.
In architectural drafting. such as room size and wall height. and its numerical value when expressed in feet is 555. and its numerical value when expressed in meters is 169. However. This means that every dimension is shown using metric units and imperial units. the construction industry still uses the English. Here h is the physical quantity. unit symbol m.. Many architects in the United States continue to use only imperial units. or imperial. glass. is 555 ft. Standards and Building Codes s 95 . its value is expressed in the unit meter. The value of h expressed in the unit foot. units are applied to dimensions. the value of the height h of the Washington Monument is h = 169 m = 555 ft. the views must be scaled in order for the entire building to be plotted on a sheet of paper. while noting the width of studs (2 x 4) and so forth. and other materials. using imperial units. also known as the International System of Units.For example.. Some architects deal with this by applying metric dimensions to those items they can control. Another method is to apply dual notation. Scale and Dimensions Because buildings are large. There are two basic types of dimensions: size and location. unit symbol ft. is 169 m. Size dimensions indicate the overall size of an object. Location dimensions deal with the actual placement of an object or structure. system (inches and feet) to order lumber. Many architects are beginning to draft using the metric system. as they find this the easiest way to communicate with consultants and government agencies. in the United States.
one value representing another value. for example 1/8" = 1'-0". because there are ninety-six 1/8 inches in a foot (12 x 8). This means that if you plot a drawing at 1/8" = 1'0". Dimensions scale with other view contents when viewports are placed on sheets for plotting. QUESTION: If your customer demands his documentation in D-size sheets.5 X 11 11 X 17 17 X 22 22 X 34 An easy way to figure out what size sheet is designated by which letter is to start by knowing that a standard 8-1/2 (H) x 11 (W) sheet of paper is A. sheets. dimension styles control the appearance of dimensions: font and text size. The format typically used for architectural scales is an inch value equal to one foot. If you were to get a ruler out and measure the objects on your drawing. LETTER A B C D SIZE (in. Most offices define a title block for each sheet size used for their documentation. every 1/8" would represent 1'. Revit Architecture accomplishes this automatically with a system of view scale. Each letter size after this is W x 2*H of the previous size. and most architectural offices use 96 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . and the size and shape of the tick marks that define the measuring point. and viewports. Each size is designated by a letter. This is actually equal to 1:96 scale.5*2 (H) = 11(W) x 17 (H).Standards and Building Codes . everything in your drawing gets scaled down ninety-six times when it is plotted.) 8. Sheets Sheets in technical drafting can be different sizes.Scales are ratios. A B-size sheet of paper is 11 (W) x 8. can you calculate the size of the paper? E-size? (See the end of this section for the answer) The AIA has several recommended naming conventions for sheets. In Revit Architecture. line weight and pattern.
and a decimal refers to the drawing order under the type. notes Demolition. site plan.a modified version of the AIA standard. An E-size sheet of paper is 34 (W) x 22*2 (H) = 34 (H) x 44 (W). You create multiple sheets in a Revit project. You create and position views. can you calculate the size of the paper? A D-size sheet of paper is 22 (W) x 34 (H). Standards and Building Codes s 97 . Integer 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Drawing Type Index. symbols. escalators Exterior details Interior details For example. A sheet for an exterior elevation showing structural detail would be numbered S3. elevators. The integers go from 0 to 9. A sheet in Revit Architecture simulates a sheet of paper and provides a predictable plotting setup. exterior elevations Floor plans Interior elevations Reflected ceiling plans Stairs. temporary Schedules Sections. each of which contains different plot scales and paper sizes. a sheet for the first-floor floor plan would be numbered A4.01. Project drawing sheets are grouped by a sheet-type prefix that identifies the discipline for each sheet: SHEET TYPE Prefixes A S M E P F C L Discipline Architectural Structural Mechanical/HVAC Electrical Plumbing Fire Protection Civil Engineering/Site Landscape The prefix is followed by a number where the integer refers to the type of drawing.01. ANSWER If your customer demands his documentation in E-size sheets. and then add a title block or other symbols.
The final sections are for the sheet title and number. the electrician. and layer standards. the title block is a single column on the right side of the paper. Each building project must comply with a specific standard. the date drawn. Templates are usually preset with drawing units. The paper is oriented landscape. It identifies the drawing with a title or description. fonts. or as elaborate as a nearly complete design with placeholder text. A template may be as simple as a blank document in the desired size and orientation. Usually. The standard will be dictated by the type of building (residential or commercial) and the location of the project. The AIA has enacted certain standards as to the appearance of title blocks for architectural and construction drawings.Standards and Building Codes . you can create separate template files that have preset settings according to the corresponding projects. and other relevant information. the name and address of the architectural firm are located at the top space. and graphics that need only a small amount of customization of text. Object styles and display controls can also be preset in a template. Typically. Remaining spaces are used for any consultants involved in the project. For example. and so on. so that the height is less than the width. the HVAC company. that is.Title Blocks A title block is like a title page to a report or a book cover. annotation plot sizes. followed by information on the building's owner. and then modify the settings in the drawing and save it as a template that you use as a future starting point. a firm may have a template for San Francisco-Residential to use for any residential projects to be constructed 98 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . the author of the drawing. You can use the templates that are installed with Revit Architecture to begin a project. drawing scales. Templates A template is a master copy of a file used as a starting point to design new documents. Most architectural firms create a template for each standard they need to meet. Because different projects and types of buildings require different documentation drawings. The column is divided into sections. The next space is for tracking revisions.
and so forth. layer settings. Standards and Building Codes s 99 . title blocks. required symbols.in the City of San Francisco. The template will contain the required sheets/layouts. dimension and text styles.
Revit templates also contain preloaded sets of component families such as doors. You can use one of the templates installed with Revit to begin a project. Key Terms dimension elevation markers family imperial label load menu object properties Project Browser sheet styles template title block view view properties Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. 100 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . and sheets as your starting point in Revit Architecture. views. windows. These can be used to build your model. Math (STEM). Technology. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. To review the list of standards for each lesson. Engineering. and Language Arts. Revit comes with templates using imperial or metric units.Standards and Building Codes . dimension styles. and walls. you use templates that are preset with drawing units.Settings About This Lesson In this lesson.
Settings s 101 . Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. engineering. and math standards.This lesson relates to technology.
102 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . you use templates as starting points. click Browse. Revit provides you with a set of templates specific to different project types. The completed exercise s s s A commercial building is a building used for a business. Condominiums.Standards and Building Codes . 2. and town houses usually use commercial building templates. Templates also contain basic sets of object styles and display controls specific to working with objects in Revit. In the New Project dialog box. 3.Exercise: Select a Template In this exercise. you create a new project file using a template. On the application menu. Use one of the templates installed with Revit and you can get started on a project immediately. click New > Project. In Revit. Templates are empty files that are preset with drawing units and views that you use in a typical project. You access templates that are included with Revit Architecture. apartments. Select a Template 1. factory. Open Revit to an empty project file. or store. A residential building is a single-family dwelling.
Settings s 103 . you started a new project file using a standard template. Sheets are already set up for documenting the project. In this exercise. Select the Residential-Default. Click Open. click Close to close this project without saving. Revit opens a new project with preset views for a standard two-story residential dwelling.4. Click OK.rte template file from the Imperial Templates folder. 5. On the application menu. saving set up time. 6. You are now ready to start work on a new project in an environment that has been optimized for the particular type of project.
the drawing setup options are preset.Exercise: Set Units With Revit Architecture templates. Press ESC to cancel the wall. you open an existing file and set the units to be applied to the model. expand Floor Plans under Views.Standards and Building Codes . 3. You can customize your template by changing the drawing setup values. In the Project Browser. Double-click Floor Plans > 00 Foundation to open that view. s s Notice the blue temporary dimensions in millimeters.rvt. click Wall. Pull the cursor to the right. To place a wall in the view: s On the Home tab. The file opens to a 3D view. This exercise illustrates how you control the units in your drawing model. Revit Architecture has templates for imperial (feet) and metric (millimeters) measurement. The Project Units dialog Set Project Units 1. The Wall tool remains active. In the courseware datasets folder. In this exercise. Click to start a new wall. s Place the cursor over the left wall. 2. open ADA__Settings. Build panel. 104 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 .
s Set Unit symbol to m. you opened an existing file and changed the unit settings. Settings s 105 . Click Format for Length. Click Manage tab > Settings panel > Project Units. 7. and move the cursor right. s Set Rounding to 1 Decimal Place. Close the file without saving. 8. Press ESC to cancel the wall. In this exercise. For Format: s Set Units to Meters. Notice the change in the blue temporary dimensions. click to start a new wall. Click OK twice to save the setting change. 5.) 6. (The keyboard shortcut is UN.) s Select Suppress Training 0's. Place the cursor over the left wall. (This means that dimensions will display m next to the numeral.4.
Temporary dimensions display when you select. dimensions not only display. there are two types of dimensions. 2. but also control the size and location of objects. Elements will change location or size based on changes to the dimensions. or insert components. Each dimension style automatically adjusts for different view scales. 4. enter Big Text. For Name. On the Properties palette. create. 3.Standards and Building Codes . Open ADA_Dimensions.rvt. By default. click Aligned. Permanent dimensions are created explicitly by the user to capture design intent. 106 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . Because Revit Architecture is a parametric modeling software application. click Edit Type. Study the dimension options that appear on the Options Bar. The file opens to view Floor Plan: Level 1.Exercise: Modify a Dimension Style In Revit Architecture. click Duplicate. temporary and permanent. dimensions snap to wall centerlines. Dimension panel. 1. On the Annotate tab. In the Type Properties dialog box. The completed exercise Modify a Dimension Style to Create a New Style This exercise shows how to define different permanent dimension styles based on the appearance of the dimension text and lines. Click OK.
Settings s 107 . s Click OK twice. In the Properties dialog box: s Set Line Weight to 2. s Set Witness Line Extension to 3/16". left. s Set Text Size to 3/16". The new dimension style is displayed in the Type Selector. and bottom horizontal walls. s Set Centerline Symbol to Centerline. 6. Click to place. 7. The Dimension tool is still active. Select the top. Drag the dimension to the left of the view. s Set Centerline Pattern to Dash Dot.5.
Drag the dimension to the top of the view.Standards and Building Codes . Use the Type Selector to make Linear the current Linear Dimension Style. s s s Select the far left. 108 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . The Dimension tool stays active. Close the file without saving. you opened an existing file. and then applied permanent dimensions to walls. and far right vertical walls. 9. In this exercise. created a new dimension style. upper.8. Note the differences between the two dimension styles. Click to place the dimension.
Right-click. The file opens to view Floor Plan: Level 1. In the Project Browser. You need drawing sheets to hold both a Floor Plan and a Furniture Plan of Level 1.rvt. 2. In the datasets folder. place the cursor over the view name Floor Plan: Level 1. you create a copy of the view Floor Plan: Level 1.Exercise: Create a New Sheet In this exercise. Click Duplicate View > Duplicate. 3. Copy of Level 1 displays in the Project Browser under Floor Plans. There are no annotations visible. These are annotations. and the view window displays the new plan. you modify a view and place it on a sheet in a project file. Notice the door and window tags. open the project ADA_New_Sheet. In order to do this. Settings s 109 . The completed exercise Duplicate and Modify a Plan View 1.
select Floor Plan: Level 1. 9. Double-click to open it. In the View Visibility/Graphics dialog box. Click OK to update the display of this view. right-click Floor Plan: Copy of Level 1. Set Project Information Editing the Project Information parameters enables the project information to be automatically passed to the title block on drawing sheets. 6. Model Categories tab. turn off the visibility of the following categories: s Casework s Furniture s Lighting Fixtures s Specialty Equipment To toggle visibility on or off.Standards and Building Codes . The Instance Properties dialog box displays with Project Information fields. You turn off the visibility of all of the furniture and electrical equipment within this view. 5. You can also enter the keyboard shortcuts VG or VV. Click Rename. select or clear the check box of the desired object category. Click OK. Rename the view Level 1 Furniture. 8. 7. In the Project Browser. In the Project Browser.4. On the Manage tab. Click Properties palette > Visibility/Graphics > Edit. click Project Information. 110 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . Settings panel. 1.
Click OK. In the Select Titleblocks dialog box. Rightclick. 3. Edit the remaining Project Setting parameters using the following information. 2. highlight the title block displayed in the list. Click Sheets (all) in the Project Browser. In the Value column of Project Address. 2. (Title blocks are automatically embedded in the sheet size selected. The next exercise teaches you how to create a custom title block. click Edit. Click New Sheet. Enter the address as shown. Settings s 111 . The sheet appears in the Project Browser and in the graphics window. Click OK. You can also enter the address of your school.Add a Sheet 1. You can also click View tab > Sheet Composition panel > Sheet. or supply your own values: Click OK.) 3.
s Click View tab > Sheet Composition panel > View. Notice the change to the title block. It is automatically filled in when you place your views. Next. In the Identity Data and Other sections. 5. 112 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . change the following values: s Sheet Name: Level 1 Plan s Sheet Number: A4.4. s The Properties palette shows information about the title block. you add the view Floor Plan: Level 1 to the sheet. Add a View to the Sheet 1. To edit the title block properties and to modify the values in the title block fields: s Select the title block. Click Apply.Standards and Building Codes .01 s Checked By: Your instructor's name s Designed By: Your first initial and last name s Approved By: Your instructor's name s Drawn By: Your first initial and last name The Scale is a read-only value.
Click Activate View. Select Deactivate View. You see the view at the end of your cursor. Right-click in the view. Highlight Floor Plan: Level 1 from the view list. Settings s 113 . It is small compared to the size of the sheet. 3. Right-click.s s s You can also drag and drop the view from the Project Browser onto the sheet. Select Add View to Sheet. Use the View Control Bar Scale control to set the View Scale to 1:20. Click to place the view onto the middle of your sheet. 4. Select the new viewport. 2.
deselect it. you: select it. Drag the viewport to the center s Opened an existing project file. s Modified the values of the fields in the title block using the Project Information and Element Properties dialog boxes. 6. of the sheet. 114 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . The cursor changes to a four-headed drag arrow. Finish the move. Place the cursor 7.Standards and Building Codes . s Added a sheet. s Changed the scale of the view on the sheet. Click away from the viewport to s Duplicated and edited a plan view. over the edge of the viewport and click to In this exercise. Close the file without saving.5. s Placed a view on the sheet. The view updates on the sheet. The Scale updates in the title block.
4. 3. Settings s 115 .rft. It opens to the Recent Files window.Exercise: Create a Title Block In this exercise. you start a new family file and create a title block from scratch. Click Open. On the application menu. 2. Select A-11x8. The template consists of lines representing the paper border (minus printer margins). The completed exercise Draft a Title Block 1. A copy of the 11 x 8. click New > Titleblock. Start Revit Architecture. Navigate to the Imperial Templates > Titleblocks folder.5. This is one of the longer exercises.5 title block template opens.
On the Home tab, Detail panel, click Line.
Next, you create a vertical line 2-1/2" from the right border (3" from the right sheet edge). With the Line command still active, select the Pick (arrow) icon from the Options Bar. Set Offset to 2 1/2".
On the Draw panel, click the Rectangle sketching tool. On the Options Bar, enter an Offset value of -1/2" (negative).
Place the cursor over the right edge of the border you sketched in the previous step. The direction you move the cursor towards the border line determines the offset placement. Once the green dashed line appears to the left, select the line. Tip: By setting the offset to a negative value, the resulting rectangle will offset to the inside of the sketched points. Select the lower left corner of the sheet and the upper right corner of the sheet to place a 1/2" border on the sheet.
This places a vertical line 2 1/2" to the left of the right margin. You have divided the page outline into two panels.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 - Standards and Building Codes
To draw the next lines: s In the Draw pane, click the Line option. s On the Options Bar, clear the Chain option. s On the Options Bar, set Offset to 0. s Sketch a line 1/2" up from the bottom margin of the right panel.
Sketch another horizontal line 1-1/2" above the upper line as shown.
Sketch another horizontal line 3" above the last line as shown.
10. Next, you thicken the line weight of two horizontal lines. Select Modify from the Select panel. Select the two lines as shown. Hold down the CTRL key to select more than one object at the same time.
11. From the Type Selector list, Identity Data, Subcategory, select Wide Lines.
Add a Company Logo
Now you can add an image file. 1. On the Insert tab, click Import panel > Image.
Select the file Company_Logo.jpg. This file can be found in the courseware datasets folder. Click Open to load the image into the project. You can also use the logo for your school if you wish. Click to place the image in the upper right panel you made by drawing lines. Click away from the image to finish positioning it. You can use the blue grips to scale the image, and you can drag it so it fits in the space.
If you zoom in close, you can see the lineweight change.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 - Standards and Building Codes
Add Text to the Title Block
Next, you define new text styles to use in the title block. 1. On the Text panel of the Home tab, click Text.
Click Edit Type to open the Text Type for modification.
Click the Type Selector drop-down arrow. There is only one text note type; it is called Text Note 1.
Click Rename. Enter 1/4" as the name for the existing text type. Click OK.
Click Duplicate. For Name, enter 1/4" Bold for the new text type.
Select Bold. Click Apply.
11. You now see all four text types listed.
Click Duplicate again. For Name, enter 1/8". Click OK. 12. The Text placement tool is still active. Select 1/4" Bold from the Type Selector list as the text style. Drag a rectangular text box beneath the company logo. Use the image below as a reference.
Modify the Text Size parameter to 1/8". Clear the Bold parameter. Click Apply.
Select Duplicate again. For Name, enter 1/16" for the new text type. Click OK.
10. Modify the Text Size parameter to 1/16". Click OK twice to close the Properties dialog box.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 - Standards and Building Codes
13. Enter the name of your school.
You can use the blue grips to lengthen or shorten the text field. Move grips to position it in the space without exiting the Text tool. Text will wrap inside the box. 14. Next, you add an additional text note using the second new text style. From the Type Selector list, select Text: 1/8". In the space below the company logo and school name, drag a second text note rectangle.
15. You sketch three new lines above the lower horizontal line that you added earlier in the exercise. s Click Modify. s On the Home tab, Detail panel, click Line. s From the Type Selector list, select Title Blocks as the line type. s On the Draw panel, click Pick. s On the Options Bar, set Offset to 1/2".
Enter the address of your school. Press ENTER to start a new line inside the text box.
16. Select the bottom horizontal line of the right pane. Click to place an offset line above it. Place three offset lines in total.
Add Labels
Revit labels look like text but are smarter. Labels show information assigned in file properties, object/entity properties, or by the user as a custom property. 1. On the Home tab, Text panel, click Label.
On the Format panel, click the icons for Right and Bottom alignment as shown.
17. Click Modify. On the Home tab, Text panel, click Text. 18. Set the current text style in the Type Selector to 1/16". 19. Enter text into each section as shown. Once you have placed one item of text, you can line up the text using the snap line next to the cursor. Once you have placed text, you can adjust its position by selecting it and using the arrow keys to nudge it left-right or up-down.
The first label you create is the Project Issue Date. Place the cursor near the lower right corner of the date field and click.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 - Standards and Building Codes
You need to specify the information fields for the new label. In the Edit label dialog box: s From the Category Parameters list, select Project Issue Date. s Click Add.
Change the Text Size to 1/8". Click OK. The label now fits properly in the space.
Under Sample Value, edit the sample value as shown. You can also put today's date.
This value is simply a place holder. The actual value will be assigned in a project. 5. Click OK Use the blue dot grips to position the label under the date.
On the Family tab, click Label. Revit Architecture will provide snap lines for alignment with the previous label.
You see that the text is too large for the field. Click Modify. Select the label. On the Properties palette, click Edit Type.
124 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . Add a label above the date for the Sheet Name. Add a label for Sheet Number. 10. Save the title block as A . Accept the Sample Value. Your teacher may specify another location. Change the alignment options to Center and Bottom. 12. 15. On the application menu. Accept the Sample Value. Right-click. s Accept the Sample Value. To specify the label contents: s From the Category Parameters list. you created a title block using a template file. s Click Add. click Save to save the title block.Standards and Building Codes . Add a label for Checked By. In this exercise. 13. 14. On the Quick Access toolbar.rfa.Landscape. You also created new text styles and learned how to define and apply labels to a title block. Click Zoom to Fit. select Drawn By. Accept the Sample Value. 11.9. Navigate to the Imperial Templates/Titleblocks folder. click Close.
In the Recent Files window. and then load a custom title block into your project. 4. 2. you create a new project file. Revit Architecture comes with several standard title blocks for your use. Insert a Title Block 1.Exercise: Insert a Title Block In this exercise. Highlight the title block and click OK. Click Load to add additional title blocks to the list. This exercise illustrates how to load custom title blocks. click Sheet Composition panel > Sheet to add a sheet to the project. 5. Settings s 125 . Your title block is now displayed in the list. Locate your title block. A new sheet has been added and is the current view. On the View tab. The completed exercise Browse to the Imperial Library/Titleblocks folder or other location where you stored the title block family you created in the previous exercise. Click Open. 3. Notice that the title block you created in the previous exercise is not in this list. click New to create a new project using the default template. A dialog box displays the current list of title blocks. The title block appears in the graphics window.
s For Drawn By. In this exercise. The parameters on the title block will update as shown. 6. and then loaded a title block and modified the values in the title block fields. 4. 2. The Issue Date label on the title block is updated. s For Checked By. Change the Project Issue Date to today's date. 126 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . Click OK. Click OK. Click OK.rvt in a location determined by your instructor. Select the title block. On the Properties palette. Click Zoom to Fit. enter your instructor's name. enter Student Project Unit 3.Modify the Title Block Within a Project 1. Save as Unit3_file_with_sheet. 3. On the Manage tab. you a created a new project file. edit the following fields: s For Sheet Name. 5. click Project Information. enter your name. Settings panel.Standards and Building Codes .
in addition to predefined wall types. s Units: Specify the unit of measurement for length. s Line Style: Define line styles for components and lines in a project. s Families: Load in families you use most often. s Temporary Dimensions: Set display and placement of temporary dimensions. including how the rendered image looks. Create a Template In this exercise. On the Insert tab. s Materials: Define materials for modeling components. The completed exercise Settings s 127 . click Load From Library panel > Load Family. select Project Template. s Dimensions: Define the look and size of dimensions for the project. click New > Project. and then implement some of the skills you have learned in the previous exercises to set up a template. This exercise shows how to define a template for use in future projects. Load the title block you created in the previous exercise to make it part of this template file. Fill patterns are commonly used in walls. s Fill Patterns: Define fill patterns for materials. and then load them like families. 2. and slope angle. you create a new project file.Exercise: Create a Template Project templates are files that provide initial conditions for a project. Click OK. s Title Blocks: Create a set of title blocks for your project. 1. such as 3D and plan views. Any new project based on a template inherits all families. you define the title block. There are various settings you can define for your template. settings. In this exercise. angles. a dimension style. In the New Project dialog box. s Modifying Wall Types: Define custom wall types for your project. 3. s Lineweights: Define lineweights for model and annotation components. and the units for your custom template. On the application menu. and geometry from the template. Settings you can define for a custom template include: s Colors: Define colors for line styles and families. s Object Styles: Define the display of components in various views. s Snaps: Set snapping increments for the model views.
On the Manage tab. enter 3/16" Verdana. create a Dimension Style. 128 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 .Standards and Building Codes . 7. Set the units for the template. click Dimension panel list > Linear Dimension Types. 6.4. 8. In the Type Properties dialog box. 10. For Name. 5. Open the title block A . Click OK twice. Next. click Duplicate. Set Rounding to To the Nearest 1/4".rfa. On the Annotate tab. There will be no visible change. Click OK. You create a custom dimension style. click Settings panel > Project Units.Landscape. Click the Length field in the Format column. 9.
In the Project Browser. The new dimension style is displayed in the Type Selector. 15. 12. Change the following settings as shown: 13. Click New Sheet. 14. Settings s 129 .Landscape title block you preloaded in Step 2. Click Dimension panel > Aligned. Click OK. enter your name in Drawn By and your teacher's name in Checked By. Select the A . Highlight the Sheet name in your Project Browser. Rightclick.11. Click OK. select Sheets (All). On the Properties palette.
You can use this template for future projects. title block.Standards and Building Codes . You have now set up your template with a default sheet title block. The title block updates. and units that you defined. Save the file name as A-English template. 130 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . 17.rte. Save your project template in your class project folder. In this exercise. as well as dimension style and units.16. Click OK. you created a new template file using a dimension style. Check with your instructor to see if there are any other changes to be made in your template.
s How has the development of high-strength glues affected construction standards? s How has the development of strong lightweight plastic affected construction standards? Engineering Building specifications and standards set out rules for construction practices to ensure safety. abstract format. s What is the minimum allowable ratio of window area to floor area in bedrooms in the national building code. are constantly being developed by the building industry. s How do wall ties function in masonry veneer construction? s What are the spacing and fastening requirements for masonry wall ties in your local building code? Math Building codes often specify minimums that must be met for safety and health.STEM Connections Wall ties Background Construction documents contain complex information presented in condensed. Science Building materials must be stable and safe under extreme conditions. s How would you test to see if a given wall-covering fabric will be safe in a fire? s What do you measure other than flammability? Technology New materials. Building codes are meant to provide clear instructions for safe construction and habitation. and why is it important? STEM Connections s 131 . and for this reason they always include a measure of redundancy. or new combinations of existing materials.
Metric d.02 b. s Create dimensions. True b.Summary/Questions Summary In this Autodesk Revit Architecture lesson. A. s Change lineweight.Standards and Building Codes . NCTM d. 1:32 5. a. False 3. s Create a text style. English c. 1:12 c. and symbols used in drawing? a. An architect b. A. what sheet number would you use for a Plumbing Schedule. s Change dimension colors. What standards group has established rules dealing with title blocks. A particular physical quantity. What is the calculated scale of 3/8" = 1'-0". s Create a template. s Create a dimension style. Using AIA Standards. a. S. 1:24 d. NCSESA 2. General Questions 1. a. P. UBC c.02 d. 1:3 b. s Create a title block.02 132 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 . is defined as what? a. s Create labels. defined and adopted by convention with which other particular quantities of the same kind are compared to express their value. you learned to: s Set units in a file. A unit 4. The UBC is used to define safety and construction rules in building design. AIA b. s Create text.05 c. dimension styles.
View tab > Sheet Composition panel > Sheet c. you click: a. use the View Visibility/Graphics dialog box. Wall midpoints d. Wall centerlines c. In Revit Architecture. True b. Application menu > Properties b. a. To create a new sheet. By default. False 6. Wall faces b. Dimension styles are defined using Type Properties. Application menu > New > Sheet b. False 4. True b. title blocks are embedded in sheet definitions. False Summary/Questions s 133 . you use: a. To change the scale of a view. Project Tools dialog box > Units d. dimensions snap to: a. To set the units in a project. a. a. Insert tab > Import panel > New Sheet d. True b. Manage tab > Settings panel > Project Units c. Manage tab > Settings panel > New Sheet 5.Revit Architecture Questions 1. Options dialog box > Linear Units 2. Point offsets 3.
Standards and Building Codes .134 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 3 .
6. 3. s Define a wall structure. (Student) Complete Exercise: Modify Walls. (Student) Complete Exercise: Define a Wall Structure. 2.Walls About This Unit After completing this unit. (Student) Complete Exercise: Design a Complex Wall Structure. 4. (Evaluation) Introduction s 135 . (Student) Evaluate Students. 5. you will be able to: s Create a wall. s Align walls. s Trim and extend walls. Lesson Plan 1. Review Wall Function and Structure (Demonstration and Discussion) Complete Exercise: Place Walls.Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 4 .
After completing this lesson. you will be able to: s s s s s Describe how to use space planning to determine where to place walls in a building. 136 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . separate. their construction and materials. Describe platform framing and balloon framing. Walls are the vertical constructions of a building that enclose. List the different types of occupancy. and protect its interior spaces. them. Describe load-bearing walls and partition walls. They may be load-bearing structures of standardized or composite construction designed to support necessary loads from floors and roofs.About Walls About This Lesson This lesson explains the different types of walls.Walls . Identify the materials that are typically used to construct walls. and what requirements the Uniform Building Code has set for building walls. or they may consist of a framework of columns and beams with nonstructural panels attached to. or filling in between.
Key Terms
balloon framing dwelling egress exterior flagstone fire block load-bearing partition fire-stop gypsum inside-out design interior occupancy occupancy load partition platform framing roof plate sill plate structure stud top plate
Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM), and Language Arts. To review the list of standards for each lesson, view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.
This lesson relates to science, technology, engineering, and math standards.
Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson.
Space Planning
Before you can determine where and what type of walls should be used when you design a structure, you must plan what you want to do with the space that you have. Space planning is an inside-out design process in which you define the interior spaces of your building, and then define the boundary around those spaces. As you design from the inside out, think of spaces as equivalent to rooms. Placement of walls is determined by how you want the spaces within the walls to be defined. When designing a building, you should use dimensional planning and other material efficiency strategies. These strategies reduce the amount of building materials needed and cut construction costs. For example, you can design rooms on 4-ft. multiples to conform to standard-sized wallboard and plywood sheets.
About Walls
Once you have determined the size and location of the rooms, you can determine the type and location of the walls.
For example, if you design a new home, you must first decide what type of living space you need. A single family dwelling would have a kitchen, living room, and at least one bedroom and one bathroom. Other rooms might be added for convenience such as a dining room, entertainment rooms, and additional bedrooms and bathrooms. You need to decide on the placement of each of these spaces, in addition to the number of levels you want to have. When designing any structure, you must take into consideration who is going to use the structure, and how it is going to be used. For example, a person with disabilities or an older person may not be able to use stairs; therefore, a single level home may be appropriate. If a family with small children will be living in the home, you would most likely want to have other bedrooms in close proximity to the master bedroom. Design with adequate space to facilitate recycling collection and to incorporate a solid waste management program that prevents waste generation.
Wall Types
Load-bearing walls carry the structural weight of your home. Load-bearing walls include all exterior walls, and any interior walls that are aligned above support beams. Because exterior walls serve as a protective shield against the weather for the interior spaces of a building, their construction should control the passage of heat, infiltrating air, sound, moisture, and water vapor. The material used on the exterior shell of a wall should be durable and resistant to the
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
weathering effects of sun, wind, and rain. Building codes specify the fire-resistance rating of exterior walls, load-bearing walls, and interior partitions.
Partition Walls
Partition walls are interior walls that are not load-bearing. Partition walls have a single top plate. They can be perpendicular to the floor and ceiling joists but will not be aligned with support beams. Any interior wall that is parallel to the floor and ceiling joists is a partition wall. Their construction should be able to support the desired finished materials, provide the required degree of acoustical separation, and accommodate the distribution and outlets of mechanical and electrical services.
About Walls
Frame Walls
Studs (usually 2x4s or 2x6s) are an important part of every wood-frame building because they form the building walls. Siding and wallboard hang from the studs, and the second floor and roof are supported by wall studs.
Platform Framing
Platform framing is a light wooden frame with studs; it is only one-story high regardless of the levels built. Each level rests on the top plates of the story below or on the sill plates of the foundation wall. Platform framing is most commonly used today.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Balloon Framing
Balloon framing uses studs that rise the full height of the frame, from the sill plate to the roof plate. Balloon framing was used in houses built before 1930, and is rarely used today except in some new home styles with high vaulted ceilings.
About Walls
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Wall Structures
The subject of wall structures is fairly complex. The materials used for external walls differ from the materials used for internal walls. Foundation walls must be made up of materials that can tolerate moisture and repel insects, such as termites. Certain wall materials can be used to insulate for sound; for example, as in houses located near an airport. Some wall materials have special insulation that helps to conserve energy. Walls are usually constructed of brick, gypsum board, fire-retardant wood, concrete, and stone.
Concrete is a mixture of sand, coarse aggregate, Portland cement, and water. The sand used in concrete should be blank-run sand, which is fairly round in shape and of various sizes. The coarse aggregate is gravel or crushed stone. Concrete should have aggregate pieces no larger than onequarter the thickness of the pour. Portland cement is made of clay, lime, and other ingredients that have been heated in a kiln and ground into a fine powder. Concrete is often used for tilt-up buildings. In a tilt-up building, the concrete wall is poured at the construction site and then raised into position using a crane.
Manufactured by firing molded clay or shale, bricks vary widely in color, texture, and dimension. Despite these variations, they fall into four main categories: common or building, patio, fire, and facing. Bricks are modular, meaning that they are either one-half or one-third as wide as they are long. The most common nominal modular unit size is 4 inches. Like lumber, bricks are described according to nominal rather than actual sizes. For instance, the actual size of a 4x8 brick is 3 5/8 x 7 5/8 inches. The nominal size is the actual size plus a normal mortar joint of 3/8 to 1/2 inch on the bottom and at one end.
About Walls
For exterior walls that must withstand moisture and freeze-thaw cycles, specify SW (severe-weathering grade) bricks. For interior uses, such as facing a fireplace or a planter, you can use MW (moderate weathering) or NW (no weathering).
Building stone is divided into three basic types: rubble, flagstone, and ashlar.
s s s
Rubble is composed of round rocks of various sizes. Flagstone consists of flat pieces, 2 to 4 inches thick, of irregular shapes. Ashlar, or dimensioned stone, is cut into pieces of uniform thickness for laying in coursed or noncoursed patterns.
Quarried stone is cut from a mountainside or a pit; fieldstone is rock that has been found lying in fields or along rivers.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Gypsum Board
Gypsum board is the generic name for the family of products comprised mainly of a noncombustible gypsum core and paper facings. Gypsum board is commonly referred to as drywall, wallboard, plasterboard, and sheet rock. Gypsum is a mineral found in sedimentary rock formations. This product is perfectly suited for fire resistance. Gypsum contains chemically combined water that is driven off as steam when subjected to high heat, effectively fighting fire. Gypsum board is the most common interior finish used today in Canada and the United States.
Wood is used as framing material and can also be used as an exterior finish. Wood is typically rated as one-hour or two-hour fire retardant; meaning that it takes one or two hours to be completely consumed by a fire. Building codes usually require that all exterior walls use Type II (two-hour) wood and interior walls use Type I (one-hour) wood.
About Walls
The Uniform Building Code (UBC) requires that every wall have fire-stops installed.
A fire-stop or fire block is a piece of material, usually fire-retardant wood, used as part of the wall framing. A fire will slow down in order to consume a piece of fire-retardant wood. This gives firefighters more time to put out a fire and allows people in the building time to evacuate. In some cases, insurance companies have refused to cover fire damage when it was determined that buildings did not have adequate fire blocks installed in the structure.
Building Codes
Occupancy refers to the use or type of activity intended for the proposed building. Occupant load refers to the number of people who occupy the space. There are ten major occupancy categories: s A - Assembly s B - Business (for example, offices) s E - Educational s F - Factory and Industrial s H - Hazardous s I - Institutional (for example, hospitals) s M - Mercantile s R - Residential s S - Storage s U - Utility
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Under the code, every building in town gets squeezed into one of these ten groups. Within each of these groups there are classifications. For example, the residential occupancy type has two classifications: s R-1: Hotel and apartment house (each accommodating more than ten persons). s R-3: Dwellings, lodging houses (each accommodating less than ten persons). Code requirements are determined by the occupancy type of your building and the number of people that will occupy it. The Uniform Building Code (UBC) states the minimum egress requirements of square footage required per person for each occupancy type. If you know how many people will be using a building, you can compute the square footage needed by multiplying the number of occupants by the square footage per person required for a building of that occupancy type. This will give you the total number of square footage required. Suppose, for example, the normal occupancy of an office building is five people. The UBC states that the Occupant Load Factor for an office building is 100 square feet per person. Therefore, the minimum square feet of floor required would be 5 x 100, or 500 square feet. Group R-3 occupancies (dwellings) are probably the least restricted of all occupied buildings. Most of the requirements simply reflect common sense. For instance, living, dining, and sleeping rooms are required to have windows.
About Walls
About This Lesson
After completing this lesson, you will be able to: s Place walls. s Modify walls. s Define a wall structure. s Design a complex wall structure.
Wall Function
Walls divide spaces and create barriers to passage. Walls are comprised of different materials. Structural, or load-bearing, walls support floors and walls above them, and therefore must be strong and resistant to movement. Exterior walls are exposed to the outside, so they have to be weatherproof and provide insulation. Interior walls provide partitions between rooms; they need to hold various building systems such as plumbing, ventilation, and electricity. They should also provide a pleasing appearance for building inhabitants.
Wall Structure
Wall structures in Revit are comprised of parallel layers. The layers consist of either a single continuous plane of material such as wood, or they consist of discrete, repeated materials such as bricks. The same principles that define wall layers apply to floors, ceilings, and roofs. A compound wall is a wall that is made up of two or more different materials. A common example of a compound wall is an exterior wall with wood siding on the outside, a wood stud middle-section, and a gypsum wallboard interior face.
Walls in Revit Architecture
In Revit Architecture, you create a wall by sketching the location line of the wall in a plan view or a 3D view. Revit creates the thickness, height, and other properties of the wall around the location line of the wall. The location line is a plane in the wall that does not move if the wall type changes. For example, if you draw a wall with its location line set to Core Centerline, and later change the wall type or structure, the edited wall will change its position and thickness around the center of the wall core, whether that core is metal stud, brick, or a concrete masonry unit. You can shift the location line to other parts of the wall structure, such as the Finish Face (Interior or Exterior). The direction that you sketch the wall determines the exterior side. This lesson demonstrates how to sketch and edit walls, modify wall joins, and define new wall structures.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Key Terms
align compound wall element exterior fillet gypsum insulation interior layer location line merge split structure stud temporary dimension
Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM), and Language Arts. To review the list of standards for each lesson, view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.
This lesson relates to science, technology, engineering, and math standards.
Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson.
Exercise: Place Walls
In this exercise, you practice sketching walls using Revit. You can sketch walls in either plan view or 3D view. These exercises use wall sketching in plan view only. You can draw walls continuously or stop after each segment. You can switch from straight to curved walls at any time, and you can change the wall type as you sketch. Revit encourages quick sketching and the use of dimensional constraints to define length and spacing precisely. In addition, the sketch display tools make it easy to draft with precision while sketching walls. 2. On the Build panel, click Wall > Wall to begin laying out walls.
The completed exercise
Sketch Walls
1. Start Revit. In the Recent Files window, click New to open a new project.
The file opens to a plan view.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
To modify a dimension. Slowly move the cursor horizontally to the right. click it to open an edit field.3. 5. Click to set the endpoint. indicating wall length. This temporary dimension controls the wall length. Expand the Type Selector list. Select Basic Wall: Exterior .) Press ENTER to update the wall length. Clear the Chain option. A mouse with a scroll wheel enables you to zoom in and out without interrupting the sketching process. but it disappears when you begin another action. After you create the wall.Brick on Mtl. an angular dimension displays. When the wall is perfectly horizontal or vertical. Click once near the center of the viewing window to set the starting point. It will not print. Walls s 151 . Enter 10. Select the Single Line option. a dashed line displays. Move the cursor horizontally until the wall is approximately 9' 0" in length. As you continue to move the cursor. Stud. (The default unit in Imperial files is the foot. Tip: You may want to use Zoom in Region during this part of the exercise. If you move the cursor up or down so that the wall is no longer horizontal. Notice that a temporary dimension displays. 4. the temporary dimension remains until you start another wall. the dimension updates incrementally.
click the Detail Level icon.6. Select panel. 152 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . Click to start the next wall. The wall does not show any internal detail. On the View Control Bar. Set the Detail Level to Medium. The length dimension field opens automatically as you type. 8. The double arrows are located on the exterior side of the wall.Walls . On the Modify | Place Wall tab. 7. Depending on your zoom in the view. Move the cursor downward so that the alignment line displays. This tool enables you to create an element of the same type as another without having to refer to the Type Selector. The wall's appearance updates to indicate the components of this multipart exterior wall. Click the wall. Flip the arrows again so that the exterior side of the wall is towards the top. Place the cursor over the right end of the wall. After setting the vertical wall's direction. The direction in which you sketch a wall determines how the exterior side is placed. A temporary dimension control to make the dimension permanent and orientation arrows display above the wall. signifying that you are placing the wall vertically on the screen. On the Modify | Walls tab. click Create Similar. Revit Architecture completes the sketch with a length of 7' as shown in the next illustration. the controls may sit on top of one another. click Modify to stop placing walls. Click the arrows to flip the wall orientation. The wall flips so that the exterior side of the wall (brick is shown by diagonal lines) is now on the lower side. enter 7. Create panel. Zoom in if necessary to see them clearly. Press ENTER.
Notice that the endpoint moves while the starting point remains fastened to the previous wall's endpoint. Also.9. Because you drew the wall from up to down. the exterior face of the wall is placed on the left side. Notice that two dimensions display. a horizontal dimension and a vertical dimension. Notice that as you bring the cursor up to end the vertical line. Hold down the SHIFT key and notice how the wall is constrained. Select the right vertical wall. When the cursor is above the left horizontal wall. You can set Ortho mode by pressing SHIFT as you move the cursor while placing a wall. Walls s 153 . no matter where you move the cursor. the exterior side of the wall is placed to the right. notice how the wall joins at the corner. Start a wall at the lower end of the vertical wall and move your cursor to the right. 10. release the mouse button to set a new length. This locks the cursor motion to horizontal or vertical. an alignment line displays. Click Modify. Make the horizontal wall 8' long. Continue to hold down the SHIFT key and sketch a vertical wall by moving the cursor up. Because you drew this last wall from down to up. Click alignment line to finish the wall segment. Drag the wall's upper shape handle (blue circle) vertically upward.
the last point of the first line becomes the start point of the next line. click Wall. Click Cancel. You do not need to place the dimensions: they are there to help you with placing the walls. Move the wall shape handle back to its original position so it lines up with the upper left horizontal wall and the alignment line displays. Select Chain on the Options Bar. Sketch the walls as shown. Click the padlock to lock on the lower vertical wall into alignment with the upper. This enables you to sketch walls continuously. When using the Chain option. Select the lower vertical wall. Repeat. Move the lower vertical wall back to its original position so the alignment line displays.11. 12. Finish the last wall even with the start of the first wall.Walls . thus creating a chain of sketched lines. 14. 154 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . 13. On the Home tab. Drag the cursor to move the wall to the left so it is aligned with the left upper vertical wall. Right-click. Position your cursor over the wall until it changes into two crossed double-headed arrows. 16. Use the alignment lines that Revit provides for snap points. Build panel. 15. This is the same as clicking Modify.
Click to place the wall at a 180-degree angle. Walls s 155 . After clicking the second end. In this exercise.rvt. Click Modify. Click Create Similar again. Tip: You can flip the orientation of the wall's exterior side as you sketch by holding down SPACEBAR. Clear the Chain option. 19. 20. Click the two open left ends of the horizontal walls as start and end points to create a curved wall. you started a new project file and learned different techniques for placing walls. 17. Click Zoom to Fit. you can move the cursor left or right to place the arc. Move the cursor left so that the wall arc changes gradually. Set the right side temporary dimension to 12'-0".18. Save the project as Unit4_walls. Select the Three Point Arc tool. Notice that both upper and lower walls shift.
Exercise: Modify Walls In this exercise. align. To do this. 156 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . trim.Walls . you open an existing project and practice modifying walls. 3. Select the intersection point to break the horizontal wall into two sections. Click Modify | Place Wall tab > Modify panel > Split. Open or continue working in Unit4_walls. Draw a wall at the angle and location shown. Both split walls are shown below. showing that there are now two separate wall sections. fillet. Only part of the wall highlights. Verify that you split the wall by selecting either wall you just split. Do the same for the vertical wall. and extend walls. You now remove the upper right corner. you first split the walls at the intersections. 4. Split Walls 1. Click Modify. The cursor changes to a razor blade. 2. The completed exercise Place the cursor over the wall intersection.rvt from the previous exercise. This exercise illustrates how to split.
3. You can also click the flip control. You can also press the DEL key on your keyboard to delete the wall sections. To remove the short walls at the corner of the building. You use the Trim tool to make corners later in the exercise. You can drag the wall position or specify a radius value. click Undo and repeat the steps. Select any wall. select Radius. click Delete. click Create Similar. 4. Select the vertical and horizontal walls at the lower right of the building. Walls s 157 . 5.Fillet Walls 1. Enter 5'. Click Fillet Arc. 2. On the Modify | Walls tab. Create panel. Modify panel. On the Options Bar. Select the vertical wall first to keep the wall in proper interiorexterior orientation. On the Modify | Wall tab. If you make a mistake. select the walls (hold down the CTRL key to select both wall sections). This is how you create rounded wall corners.
Do not be too concerned about the precise location of the wall. To place an interior wall: s In the Type Selector. 2.Align Walls Revit Architecture has tools that are quicker and more precise than the use of your cursor in positioning walls accurately.6 1/8" Partition s Click Line. 3. Place an interior wall as shown. You align the wall in the next steps.Walls . 1. The Wall tool is still active. Click Modify | Walls tab > Modify panel > Align. 158 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . Select the left side (interior face) of the upper left vertical wall as the surface to align to. select Basic Wall: Interior .
To place two new interior walls: s Click Home tab > Build panel > Wall. such as location lines. s On the Options Bar. The length is not critical. The Wall Trim Tool 1. You can select other parts of walls for alignment. The midpoint is indicated by a triangular snap at the cursor. s Select the midpoint of the lower right horizontal wall. You can lock the alignment. Pull the cursor straight up. Click to create a wall. Select the left side of the new interior wall to align that face with the previous selection. Walls s 159 . s Select the midpoint of the lower right horizontal wall. s The interior wall moves until the two walls are aligned. clear Chain.4.
The part of the wall you select will highlight in blue. 160 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . Click Modify tab > Edit panel > Trim.s Move the cursor to the left and click. 6. 4. This will be the border.Walls . This is the part of the wall that will remain after the trim action. This will extend to the border. Select the two interior walls in turn. The length is not critical. 3. Select the horizontal wall as shown. Select the vertical wall as shown. 5. The walls can cross. Click Extend > Trim/Extend Single Element. You can click Undo if you make a mistake. 2.
In this exercise.rvt. Walls s 161 . and trim. Save the file as Unit4_trimmed_walls. fillet. you learned different methods for modifying walls: split.7. align.
On the Properties palette. click Edit Type.Walls .Exercise: Define a Wall Structure Modify Wall Structure Weatherproofing and insulation of exterior walls to reduce energy consumption is an important part of sustainable design.rvt in the courseware datasets folder. The Modify tool is active by default. double-click Floor Plan:Level 1 to open that view. In the Project Browser. 3. Select the Exterior wall as shown. and vary in cost. Introduction Architects determine wall materials used in the buildings they design by how the materials affect the structure and appearance of a building. The function of a building often determines the materials used in construction. 1. 2. A multistory parking garage is constructed of materials different from those used in the lobby of the hotel next door. The completed exercise 162 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . satisfy different requirements. Open ADA_Wall_Structure. A brick building and a wood-siding building give different impressions.
4. Click Insert twice. enter 8" Insulated Stud. 7. Click OK. s Select Finish 1 [4]. 8. They are used for dimensions and to differentiate wall structure. The Edit Assembly dialog box is displayed. The wall currently has a single layer of 8" with no function defined and the material set to Default Wall. To reorder the wall layers: s Click the number of Layer 2. s Click Down twice. Every layer of a wall. Walls s 163 . When you are finished. has a Function you can edit. click Edit in the Structure value field. Note: Core boundaries are in all walls. Click Duplicate to start defining a new wall type for this wall. For Name. 5. Add two additional layers to the wall. To assign a Function to Layer 1: s Click in the Function field for Layer 1. 6. To edit the structure of the wall. s Click Up. s Click the arrow at the right. the wall structure should be as shown. except Core Boundary. s Click the number of Layer 3.
Material. To assign a Material to Layer 1: s Click in the Material field for Layer 1. 164 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 .Walls . The value changes to 0' 2" when you click away from the field. s Set the Material to Finishes . Modify the Function. Change the Layer Thickness to 2". 11. 12. s This opens a view pane on the left side of the dialog box. and Thickness for Layer 3: s Set the Layer Function to Structure [1]. which displays plan or section views. s From the left pane in the Materials dialog box. select Finishes . 10. Click Preview to preview the new wall structure.Stud Layer. s Set the Thickness to 5 1/2". s Set the Material to Wood .Exterior . Modify Layer 5 to make it the interior finish: s Set the Function to Finish 2 [5].Interior Gypsum Wall Board. Click OK to return to the Edit Assembly dialog box. s Click the icon that appears at the right.9. The top of the dialog box displays the total thickness of the defined structure. s Set the Thickness to 5/8".EIFS Exterior Insulation and Finish System. 13.
14. select the view name as shown to expose its properties. Zoom in to see the change in the wall you selected. 15. 16. expand the Families branch. You can see the layers by changing the Detail Level settings. From the Detail level list. Click OK to close the Edit Structure dialog box. Walls s 165 . Apply the new wall type to all remaining Exterior walls. Click OK to close the Type Properties dialog box. select Medium. On the Properties palette. In the Project Browser. The wall you modified appears unchanged within the plan view. 17. Click Apply to update the view.
Close the file without saving. 166 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . All the exterior walls will be switched to the new wall definition. From the Type Selector list. Right-click 8" Exterior. In this exercise. 19.Walls . 20. Expand Walls > Basic Wall. or use the scroll bar at the bottom.18. defined a new wall structure. select Basic Wall: 8" Insulated Stud. and replaced existing walls using that new definition. Click Select All Instances > In Entire Project. you learned how to define a wall structure using Wall Properties. You opened an existing file. You can drag the right side of the Project Browser to the right to expand the pane.
You create an exterior wall with a decorative brick ledge. In this exercise.Exercise: Design a Complex Wall Structure Walls often have different materials from exterior to interior face. such as a weatherproof outside surface.Brick on Mtl. and a decorated interior surface. and a cornice at the top where the wall meets the ceiling. 3. for example. You use the following tools: s Modify s Split Region s Merge Regions s Assign Layers Create a Vertically Compound Wall 1. 2. The file is in the courseware datasets folder. a wall exterior consisting of brick from the ground up a certain distance with wood siding above. a structural mid-section. you create and modify vertically compound walls. so that all walls of that type contain the desired features. wood rails. Verticallycomplex interior wall surfaces may have a baseboard. Stud walls as shown. You can define a wall type with these elements. Select one of the Exterior . The completed exercise Walls s 167 . Open ADA_Compound_Wall. The model opens in a 3D view.rvt. Walls can have different materials present from the bottom of the wall to the top. Be sure to select the wall and not a window.
Wall structures are Type Properties. or you will lose your changes. Right-click in the Preview window to access the Zoom shortcut menu. When you split a layer. 8. A preview split line displays when you highlight a border. Use Zoom In Region to zoom into the lower part of the section view. in the Structure value field. click Edit. As indicated in the dialog box title. You can also use the scroll wheel on your mouse to zoom in and out. You can split regions into other regions. To split a layer or region horizontally. You use the Modify Vertical Structure tools at the bottom of the dialog box. so all instances of this type change. highlight a horizontal (top or bottom) boundary. you accept the default sample height of 20 feet. If not already expanded. the new regions assume the same material as the original. highlight one of the borders. You can set the sample height to any value.4. Click Split Region. either horizontally or vertically. In this exercise. 7. To split a layer or region vertically. You should set it to a value high enough that enables you to create the desired wall structure. The Modify Vertical Structure Sweeps and Reveals tools activate. 2. 1. click Preview to open the preview of the wall structure.Walls . You change the type. 5. Click Properties palette > Edit Type to open the Type Properties dialog box. 6. Note that this sample height does not set the height of any walls of that type in the project. Wall Sample Height The wall sample height is a default height set in the preview pane. Split Region Tool The Split Region tool divides a layer. into regions. 168 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . Change the view type from Floor Plan: Modify Type Attributes to Section: Modify Type Attributes. these tools only work if the Section Preview is active. Note: Do not use ESC while in this dialog box. You can assign different materials to regions. To define the structure of the wall.
3. since both regions are composed of the same layer. If you hover your cursor for a few seconds. 2. Click to merge them.Brick layer. In this case. 4. assign Layer 1. the position of the pointer on a prehighlighted border determines which material prevails after the merge. Click to merge the two layers. Click Merge Regions. The upper split disappears. Place your cursor on the upper split you just created in the Brick layer. 3. Temporary dimensions display so you can control the location of the splits. Click to split the region into two parts. Walls s 169 . Merge Region Tool Merge Regions is used to merge adjacent regions so they are composed of the same layer material. When you merge regions. Split the outside brick masonry face again so it is divided into three sections. Prehighlight a border between regions. After merge. a tooltip displays with a message that explains what will happen upon selection. the message will be: Border between Layer 1 and Layer 1. 1. Place your cursor along the outside face of the wall along the Layer 1: Masonry .
Notice that there is a temporary dimension from the split line to the base of the wall. To create a new wall layer. Click the temporary dimension text. To set the location of the new split: s Click Modify in the Modify Vertical Structure area. In the Edit dialog box. Select the line of the split in Layer 1 (you may need to zoom in to select it). which may be different from A new layer is added at the top of the list. 2. Press ENTER. You may have to adjust the flip arrow of the dimension. 3. you assign a different layer to one of the regions to change its material. 2. click Layer 1 in the Structure definition table. Revit maintains that offset distance from the top of the wall. indicating that it is modifiable. you assign the material Masonry Brick . s Change the height of the new split to 8" above the first one. instead of down. Selecting this arrow will flip the temporary dimension so that it dimensions from the split up. Next. Click again to return to the original position.Modify Tool The Modify tool can be used to modify the position of 5.Soldier Course to this new 8" tall region to create a band of soldier course (upright) brick on the exterior. The dimension text turns blue. Revit converts the value to 12' 0". You create a new layer and assign it to a region. 170 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . 1. to the next parallel line. Click the arrow to observe the behavior. 1. Change the value to 12. Use Split Region to create another split above the bottom split. You may need to zoom out to see the temporary dimension. under Modify Vertical Assign Layers Structure. Zoom out so you can view the entire temporary dimension as well as the split line. click Modify. vertical and horizontal lines in the wall structure using temporary dimensions to enable you to change the composition of the wall. After a region is split. s Select the split line. the default 20' height you are using in the Edit dialog box. If you set the split offset down from the top.Walls . 3. Click Insert. 4. Notice there is a flip arrow at the split line.
10. The wall face changed to show an 8" strip of brick in between regions of stone. it highlights in blue in the preview window. When a layer is selected in the table. All walls of this type have been changed. The column widths in the table can be adjusted. 9. Click OK. Walls s 171 . because it is now the selected layer. To assign the new layer to the 8" region in the preview pane. Merge Region. Click the 8" tall region to assign the layer to this region. click Layer 1 to select the Masonry . Modify. It also shows a thickness value. 8. you opened a project file and created a vertical compound wall using the Assign Layers. Close the file without saving. Change the Material to Masonry . Click OK twice to apply the change and close the dialog boxes.4. Change the Function of this new Layer 1 to Finish 1[4]. Split Region. The preview changes appearance. It immediately highlights in blue. Click Assign Layers. 6. and Insert Layer tools. 5. Click in open space to clear the wall you originally selected. In this exercise. Change the Material for Layer 2 to MasonryStone.Brick Soldier Course.Brick Soldier Course layer. Click OK. as shown. 7.
installed. 172 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 . They also must resist sideways forces from wind. earth. s What is compression strength and how is it measured? s What is a shear wall? Technology Walls are usually considered dense and strong. or water and earth movement such as settling or uplift.Walls . and insulation. and protected. ducting. piping. Science The primary function of walls is to carry loads to the ground. s Research and prepare a report on straw bale walls.STEM Connections Background Today's walls are complex assemblies of materials including wiring. but they can be composed of lightweight materials if properly prepared.
Many types of modern construction use walls that are composed or manufactured off the building site, and then installed rather than built.
s s
How are stress-skin wall panels manufactured? How are they installed?
Building foundations and walls below grade must resist the invasive pressure of moisture in the earth. Water expands as it freezes, so foundations are set into the ground below the lowest point at which the ground freezes during winter. This varies with geographic location. There is no ground frost in Florida, but the ground freezes solid to a depth of at least 3'-0" in Maine. s What is the design frost depth in your area? s What is the design frost depth 500 miles to the north of you? s What is the design frost depth 500 miles to the south of you?
STEM Connections
In this Revit Architecture lesson, you learned to: s Create a wall. s Define a wall structure. s Trim and extend walls. s Align walls.
General Questions
1. Placement of walls is determined by how you want the spaces within the walls to be defined. a. True b. False 2. What type of walls carry the structural weight of your home? a. Partition b. Load-bearing 3. What type of wall framing is typically used today? a. Platform b. Balloon 4. What occupancy type is a home or dwelling considered? a. D-1 b. D-3 c. R-1 d. R-3
Revit Architecture Questions
1. The direction you sketch a wall determines the orientation (interior/exterior sides) of the wall. a. True b. False 2. The amount of detail shown inside walls in plan view is controlled using the ____ parameter of View Properties. a. Display Model b. Detail Level c. Crop Region d. Underlay 3. Wall structures are defined using Type Properties. a. True b. False 4. Wall structures can be defined so that you specify the materials used in the wall construction. a. True b. False
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 4 - Walls
Autodesk® Design Academy
Unit 5 - Doors and Windows
About This Unit
In this Autodesk® Revit® Architecture unit, you learn to: s Place doors. s Load a door from the Revit Architecture library. s Place a window. s Copy a door or window. s Position a door or window. s Align a door or window.
Lesson Plan
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Review doors and windows. (Discussion) Complete Exercise: Place Doors. (Student) Complete Exercise: Place Windows. (Student) Complete Exercise: Center a Door in a Wall. (Student) Complete Exercise: Copy Windows. (Student) Evaluate students. (Evaluation)
About Doors and Windows
About This Lesson
This lesson explains the different types of door and windows, the elements that make up doors and windows, and the requirements the Uniform Building Code has set for doors and windows. After completing this lesson, you will be able to:
s s s s s
Describe the purpose for using doors and windows in a building. Identify the elements that make up doors and windows. List the different door types. List the different window types. List the requirements and building codes that should be used when designing a building with doors and windows.
Key Terms
casing design egress head glazing jamb muntins pane rough opening sash sill standard stop UBC unobstructed
Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science, Technology, Engineering, Math (STEM), and Language Arts. To review the list of standards for each lesson, view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.
This lesson relates to science, technology, engineering, and math standards.
Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 - Doors and Windows
Overview of Doors and Windows
Doors and windows are very important design elements in a building project because they link you to the world outside. s Doors provide access from the outside into a building, as well as passage between interior spaces. s Windows are used for light and ventilation of interior spaces. The type, size, and placement of doors and windows affect the lifestyle of those who use the building. Placement of doors determines the traffic patterns throughout a building. Traffic patterns consume much of the available space, causing rooms with several doors to seem smaller. For example, a good way to join indoor and outdoor living areas is by placing a large patio door; however, this will affect the personal privacy of the occupants because of increased traffic and visibility. When planning a room layout, save plenty of space to allow doors to swing freely.
Well-positioned windows can reduce heating and cooling bills by improving ventilation in the summer and keeping heat in during the winter. When planning window positions, the effect of the sunlight should be considered. For example, to determine the placement of a skylight, you should choose a location where the shaft will direct sunlight. When planning window positions, the effect of the sunlight should be considered. For example, to determine the placement of a skylight, you should choose a location where the shaft will direct sunlight.
About Doors and Windows
Elements of Doors and Windows Doors Elements
The following are elements that make up a typical door: s Rough opening: The wall opening into which a door frame is fitted. s Head: The uppermost member of a door frame. s Jamb: Either of the two side members of a door frame. s Stop: The projecting part of a door frame against which a door closes. s Casing: Trim that finishes the joint between a door frame and its rough opening.
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 - Doors and Windows
Windows Elements
The following are elements that make up a typical window: s Head: The uppermost member of a window frame. s Jamb: Either of the two side members of a window frame. s Sill: The horizontal member beneath a door or window opening. Sills have a sloped upper surface that sheds from rainwater. s Sash: The framework of a window in which panes of glass are set. The sash can be fixed or movable. s Pane: One of the divisions of a window or single unit of glass set in a frame. s Glazing: The glass set in the sashes of the window. s Muntins: Divisions within a window that hold the window panes within a sash.
Door Types
There are many types and sizes of doors. When designing a building, the right type of door should be used in a specific space to utilize the space most appropriately. Most doors are factory built and designed for easy installation. Manufacturers usually have standard sizes and rough-opening requirements for certain door types. They are available in a wide variety of styles and finishes. Custom types and sizes can also be built, but usually have to be specially ordered and are more expensive. The type of door selected for a building is an important consideration for sustainable design, especially for exterior doors. Consider using a door that will be the most energy efficient for the climate and surroundings of the building.
About Doors and Windows
Typical door types include the following: Swinging
Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 - Doors and Windows
Pocket Folding / Bi-fold Overhead About Doors and Windows s 181 .
the view. Manufacturers usually have standard sizes and rough-opening requirements for certain window types. They are available in a wide variety of styles and finishes.Doors and Windows . and the amount of space you have inside your building. The windows you use in a design not only affect the physical appearance of a building. The type of window selected for a building is an important consideration for sustainable design.Window Types There are many types and sizes of windows. but usually have to be specially ordered and are more expensive. Most windows are factory-built and designed for easy installation. Consider using a window that will be the most energy efficient for the climate and surroundings of the building. but also the natural lighting. the ventilation. Custom types and sizes can also be built. Typical window types include the following: Fixed Casement 182 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 .
Awning Hopper Sliding About Doors and Windows s 183 .
Double-Hung Jalousie Pivoting 184 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 .Doors and Windows .
most areas require that all new and remodeling projects conform to a standard building code.Building Codes To ensure that buildings are safe. About Doors and Windows s 185 . and to protect property values. Most codes are based on the national Uniform Building Code (UBC). but specific codes and standards vary depending on the area. The following are some of the requirements that the UBC requires when designing a home: At least one entry door that is at least 32" wide and 6'8" high is required in every home.
ft.Doors and Windows .7 sq. the width can be no less than 20". An unobstructed opening of 5. The height can be no less than 24". and the sill height can be no higher than 44" from the floor.An egress window that can be used for an emergency exit is required in rooms used for sleeping. 186 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . if there is no other escape route. must be provided by the window being used as an egress.
Doors and Windows s 187 . and furniture are defined in family files. s Center a door in a wall. Key Terms component door family load place window Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. and there are many more in Revit libraries that can be loaded into a project. and Language Arts. Components such as doors. how to load additional door and window families. In this unit. move. engineering. you will be able to: s Place doors and windows. technology. This lesson relates to science. Revit Architecture Doors and Windows Revit Architecture software provides tools for inserting door and window components into design project walls. and copy these elements. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. Engineering. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. Technology. s Copy windows. Math (STEM). Some families are loaded into each empty file. you learn how to place doors and windows. windows. and how to position. To review the list of standards for each lesson.Doors and Windows About This Lesson After completing this lesson. and math standards.
if the cursor clicked the left side of a vertical wall.Doors and Windows . you practice placing doors and windows in an existing project. Build panel. The completed exercise 188 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . click Door. On the Home tab.rvt under the courseware datasets folder. Add Doors 1. To reverse the swing. or 3D view. This can be done in a plan view. 2. the door swing would be to the left side. There are also Flip Hand and Flip Facing options on the right-click context menu when a door is selected. elevation view. Weatherproofing and resistance to heat transfer of exterior doors to reduce energy consumption is an important consideration for sustainable design. Revit Architecture automatically cuts the opening and places the door in the wall. 3. Once a door is placed. Revit Architecture displays the preview door with the swing to the side where the cursor first contacted the wall.Exercise: Place Doors In this exercise. To flip the door. Verify that the Floor Plan: Level 1 view is active. you can change the swing or hinge by using the control arrows that are created as part of the door family. In other words. click the appropriate double arrow control to flip the door symbol. Open ADA_Doors_Windows. When placing doors in a plan view. Add Doors You place doors in walls at the desired locations. move the cursor to the right side of the wall.
walls. This enables you to load additional door families from the Revit Architecture library. except for the Type Selector. Select the door Double-Panel 2. The display does not change. Browse to Imperial Library > Doors folder.Load Families 1. Additional families are provided for your project on the installation DVD and online. From the Type Selector list.rfa. Doors and Windows s 189 . and windows into project files. Mode panel. Families that are loaded into a file are available even if the file is moved to a different machine or emailed to another user. select the door type Double-Panel 2: 68" x 80". 2. 3. click Load Family. on the Modify | Place Door tab. Click Open. With the Door command active. Revit loads a minimal number of families for doors. In order to keep file size small.
Doors and Windows . If necessary. select Sgl Flush: 36" x 84". Move the cursor along the interior wall and place a door instance as shown. From the Type Selector.4. Remember that the door swing will be placed on the side of the wall that you click. 5. Revit places door tags that number in sequence automatically. The cursor will snap weakly to the midpoint of the wall. use the blue control arrows to flip the door facing. 190 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . Place a second instance in the wall opposite.
Place instances of single doors as shown. or by using the swing control arrows. use the blue temporary dimension to relocate it. You can toggle the door swing by using SPACEBAR during placement. you control the door swing based on the side of the wall you click.6. simply click it and enter the correct value. If you place a door in the wrong location. Do not add the dimensions. To Doors and Windows s 191 . Remember. change a temporary dimension. You can change the door hinge by using the hinge control arrows.
192 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 .rvt. Save the file as Unit5_doors.7.Doors and Windows .
Revit Architecture puts the window tag on the exterior side of the window. Windows have exterior and interior sides. To reverse the window immediately after placing it. On the Home tab. When placing windows in a plan view. 2. select Fixed: 36"w x 48"h if it is not already selected. Placement of windows to regulate solar gain and take advantage of prevailing breezes for natural ventilation can reduce energy consumption. click Modify and select the window.rvt or continue working in the file from the previous exercise. Build panel. the outside of the window is to the left side. Revit Architecture automatically cuts the opening and places the window in the wall. If the cursor first touched the left side of a vertical wall. You can reverse the window direction after placing it by using the control arrows that are created as part of the window family. To face the outside of the window to the other side. From the Type Selector.Exercise: Place Windows You add window components to a wall by clicking the wall at the desired locations. elevation view. Open Unit5_doors. You can place windows in a plan view. or 3D view. then click the double arrow to mirror the window geometry. click Window. approach the wall from the right side. click the double arrow to mirror the window geometry. Weatherproofing and resistance to heat transfer in windows is an important consideration for sustainable design. The completed exercise Doors and Windows s 193 . Add Windows 1. To reverse the window after performing another operation.
loaded a door family. and placed windows.Doors and Windows . 194 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 .3. The dimensions shown are for informational purposes. 4.rvt. Window tags do not number in sequence. In this exercise. Save the file as Unit5_doors_and_windows. Move the cursor along the north wall and place a window instance as shown. You do not need to add dimensions. Place seven more windows as shown. 5. placed doors. All windows of a specific type show the same tag number. you opened an existing project.
s Align and modify walls. Place the two permanent dimensions as shown. Dimension panel. The file is also available in the course datasets folder. To place a continuous dimension: Doors and Windows s 195 . The constraint holds the position of the constrained object to the center. constrain it to be centered in a wall. and so on. 4. 2. On the Annotate tab. Open or continue working in Unit5_doors_and_windows. and modify the wall. s Apply the EQ constraint and change its display. The dimensions must be placed as a continuous dimension. click Aligned. The completed exercise Equality Constraints Equality constraints are applied to permanent. Do not be overly concerned where you place it. Select the wall indicated by the red arrow to place the door. continuous dimensions to control the position of a door. even if the constraining objects are moved or shifted. Verify that the Single Flush: 36" x 84" door is selected. 1. 3. place a door.rvt.Exercise: Center a Door in a Wall In this exercise. You practice the following skills: s Place a door. you open an existing project file. Click Home tab > Build panel > Door. wall. window.
Select the upper wall first. 5. Your dimension values may be different from the ones shown here. Click Modify to terminate the Dimension tool. The door changes location. 6. Click the lock icon to enable it. Select the two wall faces indicated to align. Click the center of the door.Doors and Windows . It is now constrained to be centered in the horizontal wall. Click the right wall. The walls are now aligned. Click it and it changes as shown. 2. the other wall will remain aligned. This means that if one wall shifts.s s s s Click the left wall. The door you centered in the horizontal wall remains centered. 196 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . Click Modify tab > Modify panel > Align. Align Walls 1. Click below the wall containing the door to place the dimension. Notice the symbol.
Select one of the EQ values on the continuous dimension. (Revit Architecture will supply the foot-inch units. The walls shift and remain aligned. 5. Dimensions display below it. The door remains centered in the wall and the dimensions update. Note that the continuous dimension is still constrained EQ. Clear the EQ Display value. Right-click. Doors and Windows s 197 . Change the dimension to 16.4.) The dimension value is now shown. 3. Click Modify to terminate the Align tool. Select the wall to the right of the door as shown.
you placed a continuous dimension. Click Zoom to Fit. You also applied an EQ constraint and used it to control the position of an object. 7. 198 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 .rvt. Right-click. In this exercise.6.Doors and Windows . Save the file as Unit5_aligned.
Place the new window in the wall at the upper right of the building. Placing all the windows in a multistory office building can be complicated enough without having to remember the specifications for each type. click Create Similar. 2. In this exercise. especially if there are many different types. The completed exercise Create Similar The Create Similar tool creates a copy of a group or family instance and enables you to place it where desired. 1. Doors and Windows s 199 . Revit Architecture provides tools that enable you to reuse the information in a component instance or type without having to look it up each time. On the Modify | Windows tab. Revit gives you the ability to continuously place as many instances of the group or family as desired. you create window instances using the following tools: s Create Similar s Copy 3.rvt.Exercise: Copy Windows Populating design projects with components takes time. Remember that the side of the wall selected determines how the window is placed. Create panel. 4. Select one of the windows located in the east wall. Open or continue working in Unit5_aligned.
3. The window will change appearance. 2. 200 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . Press SPACEBAR to terminate selection. The window is copied. Pull the cursor straight down and select the wall at the lower right as the destination point. On the Modify | Windows tab. 4. Modify panel.Copy Windows 1. Select the window you just placed. Select the midpoint of the window as the base point for the copy operation. click Copy.Doors and Windows .
Click Zoom to Fit. Doors and Windows s 201 .rvt. you used the Place Similar and Copy tools. Save the file as Unit5_copy-windows. 6.5. In this exercise. Right-click.
Doors and Windows . Science s What is the chemical reaction that turns sand into glass? Technology Glass is a large part of the exterior of many large modern buildings. cold. heat. flat glass is a recent invention. and sunlight is critical to the safety and climate control performance of building shells. s What is float glass and why is it important? Math s What is the formula that determines the E-Rating of glass? 202 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . The stability of glass in response to wind. s Why are inert gasses put into double-pane glass panels? Engineering Strong.STEM Connections Background The development of glass strong enough for large panels has made modern doors and windows possible.
Custom 3. General Questions 1. 32" d. If a room is used for sleeping. Manufacturers usually have ________ sizes of both doors and windows that are factory-built and ready for easy installation. 44" Summary/Questions s 203 . 30" c. s Place a window. s Load a door from the Revit Architecture library. 40" d. 28" b. True b. 36" c. what is the maximum height that the egress window can be from the floor? a. a. a. 34" 4. What is the minimum width required for at least one entry door in every home? a. s Align a door or window. you learned to: s Place doors.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture lesson. s Copy a door or window. False 2. The placement of doors and windows is not an important part of designing a building. 32" b. Standard b. s Position a door or window.
d.Doors and Windows . To add a door or window that is not available in the drop-down list. but is available from the Revit Architecture library. Window or door orientation is determined by the side of the wall selected. you: a. you use: a. Copy 8. Offset c. a. Select the door. Clone b. The center snap 7. Right-click. c. Click Modify > Flip Direction. False 5. False 2. False 204 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 5 . Select the door. b. A continuous dimension with EQ selected d. Click Door Properties. Load c. 6. Link c. you use ________. Use door grips to reposition. True b. Revit Architecture automatically cuts the openings for doors and windows as they are placed. c. To change the swing direction of a door: a. b. a. Click the appropriate blue arrows. a. 4. Door and window tags are placed automatically. True b. Properties 3.Revit Architecture Questions 1. Click the appropriate blue arrows. To change the location of a door or window. Click the temporary dimension to be changed. a. a. Load from Library b. Select the door. d. The _______ tool creates a copy of a group or family instance and enables you to place it where desired. Select the door. Click Door Properties. Insert d. Duplicate d. A reference plane b. Click Flip Direction. True b. To center a door or window in a wall.
Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 6 . (Student) Complete Exercise: Add a Railing. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create U-Shaped Stairs. 6. 2. 4.Stairs and Railings About This Unit When you have completed this Autodesk® Revit® Architecture unit. (Student) Evaluate students. (Evaluation) Introduction s 205 . s Modify stair boundaries. Lesson Plan 1. (Discussion) Complete Exercise: Create Stairs. s Create railings. (Student) Complete Exercise: Modify Stairs. Review stairs and railings. you will be able to: s Create stairs. 3. 5.
List the different stair types. 206 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . stair and railing types. Stairs and railings enable people to move from one level of a building to another. List the requirements and building codes that should be used when building stairs and railings. you will be able to: s s s s Identify the elements of stairs and railings. Safety and ease of travel are the most important considerations in the design and placement of stairs and railings. and other requirements for designing stairs and railings. After completing this lesson.About Stairs and Railings About This Lesson This lesson explains the elements that make up stairs and railings including stair calculations.Stairs and Railings . Describe the formulas for stair calculation.
Engineering. Elements of Stairs and Railings Stairs The following illustrations show the elements of a stair. Math (STEM). engineering. and math standards. This lesson relates to technology. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.Key Terms landing egress nosing ramp riser slope stringer tread UBC Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Technology. To review the list of standards for each lesson. About Stairs and Railings s 207 . and Language Arts.
Stairs and Railings .208 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 .
Stair Calculations The actual riser height (top of one riser to top of the next riser) for a set of stairs can be calculated by dividing the total rise (floor-to-floor height) by the desired riser height. the total rise is redivided by this whole number to arrive at the actual riser height. Actual Riser Height = Total Rise / Number of Risers (rounded up) You must check the riser height with the maximum riser height allowed by the building code.Railings The following illustration shows the elements of a railing. Once the actual riser height is determined. You can increase the number of risers by one and recalculate the riser height if necessary. the tread run can be calculated by using one of the following formulas: s Tread (inches) + 2x riser (inches) = 24 to 25 s Riser (inches) + tread (inches) = 72 to 75 The total number of treads is always one less than the total number risers. Then. About Stairs and Railings s 209 . Number of Risers = Total Rise / Desired Riser Height The result is rounded off to the nearest whole number.
and all treads should have the same run for safety purposes. Building codes generally limit the vertical rise between landings to 12'. Stair Types A straight stair extends from one level to another without turns or winders. Quarter-Turn Stair A quarter-turn stair has two flights that connect with a landing that makes a right angle. particularly where there is the possibility of dangerous outdoor conditions.The following table shows the corresponding riser and tread dimensions: Exterior stairs are usually less steep than interior stairs. such as ice and snow. 210 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 .Stairs and Railings . A quarterturn stair is also referred to as an L-shaped stair. All risers in a flight of stairs should be the same rise.
Circular or spiral stairs as well as quarter-turn and half-turn stairs can use winders rather than a landing. Winding Stair A winding stair is any stairway that is built with winders. Circular stairs can sometimes be used as the means of egress from a building if the inner radius is at least twice the actual width of the stairway. About Stairs and Railings s 211 . stairs that use winders are used mostly for private stairs within individualdwelling units. Circular Stair A circular stair is built so that you move in a circular configuration. This is because winders can be hazardous since they do not offer much foothold at their interior corners. This saves space when changing direction. Due to building code.Half-Turn Stair A half-turn stair turns 180 with two flights connected by a landing. A half-turn stair is also referred to as a U-shaped stair.
Here are some of the requirements set by the Uniform Building Code for a residential dwelling: 212 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . Spiral stairs do not occupy much space. but are only permitted by building codes in individual-dwelling units.Spiral Stair A spiral stair is supported by a center post and is constructed using wedge-shaped treads that wind around the post.Stairs and Railings . particularly when a stairway is an essential part of an emergency egress system. Requirements and Building Code Stair and railing construction is strictly regulated by the building code.
Doors should swing the direction of egress. s Handrails must not project into the required width more than 3 1/2". s Stringers and trim must not project more than 1 1/2". s Building codes generally limit the vertical rise between landings to 12'. Landings Landings should be at least as wide as the stairway width and have a length of at least 36". Door-swing must not reduce the landing to less than onehalf of its required width.Stairs Requirements and building codes for stairs are as follows: s The stairway must be at least 36" wide. About Stairs and Railings s 213 .
Nosings s 1 1/2" maximum protrusion Ramps Requirements and building codes for ramps are as follows: s 1:12 maximum slope s 30" maximum rise between landings 214 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . 11" maximum. s Riser height: 4" minimum.Risers and Treads Building codes regulate the minimum and maximum dimensions of risers and treads: s Tread depth: 11" minimum.Stairs and Railings . s Uniform riser and tread dimensions are required.
s s s Handrails should not have any sharp or abrasive elements. About Stairs and Railings s 215 . Other shapes are permissible if they provide equivalent grasp ability and have a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 2 1/4". The distance between the handrail and the wall should be no less than 1 1/2". but not more than 2".Handrails Requirements and building codes for railings are as follows: s The distance from the top edge of the stair treads or nosings should be between 34" to 38". Handrails should have a circular cross section with an outside diameter of at least 1 1/4".
The riser and run values update accordingly. and math standards. or vertical circulation. To review the list of standards for each lesson. of certain horizontal depth or run. based on the distance between floors and the maximum riser height defined in the stair properties. sitting on a vertical support or riser of certain height (rise). For safety reasons. 216 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . s Add a railing. When you click to establish the start point of stairs. and Language Arts. which includes elevators. and Revit will create identical sets up to the highest level defined in the stair properties. the rectangle displays accordingly and Revit displays a riser counter. Key Terms boundary railing riser run tread Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. L-shaped runs with a landing. and stairs. and spiral stairs. This lesson demonstrates how to create and modify stairs and associated railings. engineering. Stairs in Revit Architecture Buildings with more than one level must have a means of traveling between the levels. Revit® calculates the number of stair treads for you. you can create and modify railings independent of stairs. Each step of a flight of stairs consists of the part to walk on. Revit generates railings automatically for stairs. In multistory buildings. you can design a set of stairs to go between two levels. ramps. You create stairs in a plan view. Technology. s Modify stairs. s Create U-shaped stairs. U-shaped stairs. rise and run of stairs are controlled by building codes. Math (STEM). This lesson relates to technology. You can define straight runs. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.Stairs and Railings About This Lesson After completing this lesson.Stairs and Railings . a rectangle representing the footprint of the run of the stairs displays. Engineering. You can also modify the outside boundary of the stairs by modifying the sketch. or tread. you will be able to: s Create stairs. As you move the cursor.
This file is in metric units. On the Properties palette. Before you create the stairs. From the courseware datasets folder. Stairs and Railings s 217 . The file opens in view Floor Plan: Level 1.change the value of the Underlay parameter to Level 2. open the project named ADA_Stair_Exercise.rvt.Exercise: Create Stairs In this exercise. 3. Zoom in Region to the lobby. turn on the display of Level 2 in the Level 1 Floor Plan. The completed exercise Straight Run Stairs 1. you create stairs using a straight run. You create a set of stairs from the lobby to the second level landing. You use the following Revit tools: s Stairs s Run s Stair Properties s 3D View 2. This enables you to place the stairs properly.
5. 218 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . You now see the outline of the floors and walls from Level 2 as an underlay (light gray). In this case. Click OK to close the dialog box.4. you create a straight run.Stairs and Railings . You can define either a straight run or a circular run. On the Home tab. Circulation panel. which has also been preselected in the Draw panel. The default stair creation method is to define the run of the stairs. The cursor changes to a crosshairs. click Stairs. These tools are used to define your stairs. The Draw panel on the Create Stairs Sketch tab displays several sketch tools. This enables you to create the stairs by selecting the start and end of the run. Run is preselected.
click the blue centerline and edit the dimension to 4400. Move the cursor up so the run is vertical. 10. indicating the intersection point of wall extensions. As you move the cursor up.6. On the Mode panel. Select this intersection point to start your run. you can adjust the run dimension for your stairs. You can locate the intersection point by moving the cursor above the midpoint of the doors until you see the word Intersection and dashed alignment snap lines display. and then click to define the run of stairs. The riser counter may indicate that there are still risers to create. select Finish (green check). 9. Stairs and Railings s 219 . Start your stairs at the intersection point of above the double doors. To change the run dimension. 8. You can also enter a distance of 4400. Revit displays the number of risers you created. If you have not fully created the run. You can continue to move the cursor up. the run footprint stops expanding. 7.
AIA Standards dictate that stairs in plan include an arrow to show the direction the stair rises. To avoid overwriting the original file. The stairs display with the word UP and an arrow to indicate their direction. You align the stairs with the landing in the next exercise. 220 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . you created and placed a straight run stair.rvt. 12. Open this view by double-clicking the name of the view in the browser. The number and size of the treads and risers should also be indicated in your floor plan layout. click application menu > Save As > Project.11. Save the file as Unit6_stair_in_progress. 13. and switched to a 3D view. In this exercise. Lobby Stair View is already created to help you view the stairs in 3D. Save the file in a location provided by your instructor.Stairs and Railings .
Activate view Floor Plans. Stairs and Railings s 221 . Edit panel. you learn different ways to modify and control stair definitions using the following Revit tools: s Align s Section View s Stair Properties s Boundary s Mirror s Delete 3. 2. Zoom in close to the top of the stair run. You align the stair with the landing on Level 2.Exercise: Modify Stairs In this exercise. click Align. On the Modify tab. Select the top riser of the stair to align it with your first pick. The stair is not centered on the landing.rvt. The top of the stair moves into alignment with the Level 2 landing. Level 1. The completed exercise Align Stairs 1. This is part of the gray underlay you turned on earlier using View Properties. Open or continue working in file Unit6_stair_in_progress. Select the front of the Level 2 landing floor as your first selection.
You may have to zoom out to click the Up arrow. Click the center of the wall first. On the Options Bar. Click the center of the stairs. Enter HL to switch to Hidden Line display mode. Align the center of the wall under the landing with the center of the stairs. select Wall centerlines. Take time to make the selections correctly. from the Prefer list. The Align command remains active. Open the lobby stair view to see the result. hold down the scroll wheel and press SHIFT. 222 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 .4. You can also click the ViewCube in the upper right of the view and drag it to orient the model. which is located at the center of the stairs.Stairs and Railings . You can rotate your model to get a better view. 5. If you have a scroll mouse.
study the instance parameters under the Constraints. Double-click Stair Section to open the stair section view. railings were created with the stairs. even though the Stairs and Railings s 223 . Select the stairs. notice that stairs and railings are separate families. On the Properties palette. expand Sections (Building Section). s For Name.6. Change Width to 1350. In the Project Browser. The stairs were created using the properties of the default stair type called Stair: 180mm max riser 275mm tread. and Dimensions subsections. s Click OK. On the Properties palette. As you prehighlight them. 8. Graphics. 7. A tooltip describing the railing properties displays. Do the same over the stair riser to read its properties. s Click Duplicate. enter Lobby Stairs. Hover the cursor over the railing. click Edit Type. 9. Use the scroll bar on the right side of the dialog box.
s Change the View Properties to Hidden Line to make it easier to see.Interior Carpet 1 Stringer Material > Wood .10. 224 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . Change the following parameters to: Stringers Trim Stringers At Top > Match Level Risers s Riser Type > Straight Treads s 11. Nosing Profile > Stair Nosing .Stairs and Railings .Radius: 20 mm Materials and Finishes s s s s Tread Material > Finishes . To change the railing type: s Open the 3D view. Click OK to complete the change of the stairs to the new type with the new parameters.Interior Carpet 1 Riser Material > Finishes . Lobby Stair View.Cherry s s Click Modify. Click and hold the CTRL key when selecting multiple items. Your screen angle may look slightly different from the illustration. Select both railings.
The railings change. s On the Modify | Stairs tab. 13. Mode panel. Select Railing: 900mm Pipe. s Select the stairs (not a railing). s Open the Level 1 Floor Plan view.12. You alter the boundary of the staircase by defining two arcs that form the outside boundary in plan. click Edit Sketch. The stair changes to the run sketch. Next. Stairs and Railings s 225 . s Zoom in on the stairs. Click it to select it. expand the list of predefined railing types in the project. you change the shape of the stairs. The owner wishes to have a stair that is wider at the bottom and narrower at the top. In the Type Selector. Place your cursor over the left green boundary line. 14. and the context tab changes to Modify Stairs > Edit Sketch. Delete this line.
click the left end of the top riser. Click StartEnd-Radius arc. To place the same arc shape on the right side of the stair: s Select and delete the right side boundary. 19. 18. s Select the arc boundary you just created. 17. s On the Modify panel. Click Modify. click Boundary. 16. On the Draw panel. click Mirror > Pick Mirror Axis. 226 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . To place the second arc endpoint.15.Stairs and Railings . Start the sketch at the intersection of the bottom riser and the left inner wall. Green alignment lines to the wall and the riser display as shown when the cursor is placed correctly. Click to place the arc. s Select the center-run blue line as the mirror axis. Move the pointer approximately as shown in the next figure.
Click to exit the Mirror command. For the third point. First. Next. This will define a rounded first step. select the middle of the seventh riser going up.21. On the Draw panel. click Riser. The left boundary will be mirrored. Stairs and Railings s 227 . the arc center point. select the endpoint of the left boundary. Click CenterEnds-Arc. select the endpoint of the right boundary. 20. Delete the first (bottom) riser line.
Use the Spin and Zoom tools to position your model so you can view the stairs. On the Mode panel.Stairs and Railings . You also modified the properties of a railing. click Finish. you modified stair properties and boundaries.22.rvt. In this exercise. Open the {3D} view to see the results. Save the file as Unit6_lobby_stairs. 228 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . 23.
This is typically done in plan view. Open the Level 2 floor plan view. Click Modify. Select the right side railing. Railings are typically created using a floor plan view with sketch tools. s If the railing does not highlight when you try to select it. use the TAB key to toggle the cursor selection to the railing. s s Sketch a Railing 1. Open or continue working in Unit6_lobby_stairs. For simple railings. To make sure you are selecting the railing. place your cursor over the railing to prehighlight it. Therefore. the railing runs from a stair railing around the two sides of a landing. In this case. you sketch the plan view path. Stairs and Railings s 229 .rvt from the previous exercise. Zoom into the landing area as shown. you edit the railing and sketch in the required additional path segments.Exercise: Add a Railing In this exercise. 2. you add a railing to a second floor landing. The completed exercise To create a railing. you need to define a path for the railing. 3.
s s On the Options Bar. You do not need to add dimensions. Place a vertical line so it ends at the wall. 230 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . edit the temporary dimension. Select Finish to exit the railing definition. The dimensions are shown as a guide. select Chain. click Line. enter 100 or click to place the line endpoint. To set the exact distance. 7. On the Draw panel. on the Modify | Railings tab. s s Draw the vertical line so it is 100 mm from the starting point. 6. Continue sketching and place a 2000 mm horizontal line to the right. Sketch a vertical line from the end of the red line to extend the railing. click Edit Path. Mode panel.4. Then.Stairs and Railings . 5. Once the railing is selected.
Use the down arrow on the stairs as the mirror line. Click Pick New Host while in sketch mode to create a railing that attaches to a stair or ramp. In this exercise. Save the file as Unit6_lobby_railing. you used sketch tools to create a railing. You can create free standing railings that are not part of stairs and ramps. Stairs and Railings s 231 . Delete the left railing and mirror the new railing to the left.rvt. it is probably because you failed to select the endpoint of the existing rail when you started sketching. Railings are created on the level of the current view by default. Switch to a 3D view so you can inspect your railing.s s If you get an error message when you select Finish Railing. 9. Delete your lines and try again. 8.
Activate the view Floor Plans: Level 1. The completed exercise To help in placing the stairs. Revit Architecture uses reference planes for alignment. s On the Home tab. You can name reference planes and refer to them in dimensions and parameters. In this exercise. Zoom into the upper left of the plan as indicated in the illustration below. s On the Options Bar.rvt from the previous exercise. click Ref Plane > Draw Reference Plane. Open or continue working in Unit6_lobby_railing. the stairs appear as a U-shape. 2. Work Plane panel. set the Offset value to 850. you create a reference plane. In a floor plan view. Plane Create U-Shaped Stairs 1. Create a Reference Plane 1. you use the following Revit tools: s Stairs s Stair Properties s Hide/Isolate s Ref. 232 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 .Stairs and Railings .Exercise: Create U-Shaped Stairs U-shaped stairs are half-flight stairs with a landing in between.
6. Circulation panel. Click Duplicate to create a new stair type. Click OK twice. On the Properties palette. Pull the cursor straight up. For Name. change the Width parameter to 900. Change the following Materials and Finishes parameters to: s Tread Material: Finishes . 4. Dark Gray. Click Edit Type. 5. enter Exit Stairs. or approximately 500 mm from the wall surface. Revit places a reference plane 850 mm from the line you draw. Matte 2.Exterior: Precast Concrete Panels s Riser Material: Metal-Paint Finish. Stairs and Railings s 233 . Click OK.s Click at the midpoint of the wall in doorway #16. Dark Grey Matte s Stringer Material: Metal-Paint Finish. On the Home tab. You need to create a U-shaped run of stairs. enter SM at the keyboard to activate the Midpoint object snap for one selection. To start sketching the run. click Stairs. Select the midpoint of the edge of the platform (shown in underlay) at the left. 3.
Move the pointer down vertically to the edge of the platform. 9. The riser counter will indicate when you have drawn enough run to create 17 risers. Click to place the first run. enter 1925. Move the pointer to the right. 234 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . Press ENTER. 8.7. If you have trouble making the correct distance display. Click to finish the stair run. Align it with the last riser line and the reference plane. with none remaining to be created. Move the pointer vertically to a distance of 1925 (Revit will snap weakly at intervals that equal treads).Stairs and Railings .
You want to inspect your stairs. You temporarily hide the walls in the view. but they are hidden behind walls. Select the two walls of the stair tower. On the Quick Access toolbar at the top of the screen. If you get an error message. To remove the lines. it is because you have overlapping lines. Stairs and Railings s 235 . On the View Control bar. On the Stairs panel. click Finish Stairs. Remove the additional lines. 11. Hold the CTRL key to select both walls simultaneously. Click Finish Stairs again. Spin and Zoom as necessary to get a view of the stair enclosure.10. click Temporary Hide/ Isolate > Hide Element. 2. Use Hide/Isolate 1. you select Continue to return the sketch. click 3D View to view your model in 3D.
3. 236 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 .rvt. On the Properties palette. The walls are now hidden. The stairs update to become multistory stairs. 5. The exterior walls reappear. Save as Unit6_exit_stairs. This is a multistory stair. 4. so it should repeat itself up to the top floor. Finally. Click Zoom to Fit in the view. Reset the Display 1. On the View Control Bar. 6. The View Control Bar shows that the Hide tool is active in this view. you learned to use the Hide/Isolate tool to temporarily hide objects. Select the stairs so they highlight. You also learned to use Properties to create multistory stairs. change the Constraints parameter for Multistory Top Level to Level 3.Stairs and Railings . you learned to create a reference plane. Zoom in to see your stairs. 2. In this exercise. 3. click Temporary Hide/ Isolate > Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate. and to create a U-shaped stair.
STEM Connections Background Modern buildings use a variety of methods for moving people from level to level such as stairs. STEM Connections s 237 . ramps. and elevators. escalators.
s Investigate and report on the fire safety equipment and features (sprinklers. but they can also be highly decorative. s Who invented the modern elevator? s What was the first building with elevators? Technology Railings are protective devices. require less floor space to deliver the same passenger loads. They do not need pits or penthouses for equipment and do not have the complex controls of elevators. Escalators should provide clear views of the surroundings for riders. and deliver riders without wait time. smoke guards. this openness makes them fire hazards. shutters) installed on the escalators at your local shopping mall. s What types of glass can be used in balcony railings and why? Engineering Escalators are more efficient than elevators for buildings with six floors or less.Science The elevator is used in almost all tall buildings today.Stairs and Railings . Include landings as required by your local building code. They cost less. 238 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . Math s Calculate the length of a wheelchair ramp necessary to reach a 3'-0" upper level.
True b. 30" b. a. 180 degrees 3. 90 degrees d. b. Exterior stairs are usually more steep than interior stairs. 40" 4. 32" c. False Summary/Questions s 239 . General Questions 1. a. 25 degrees b. 45 degrees c. 36" d. s Create railings. s Modify stair boundaries. False 2. True b. a. you learned to: s Create stairs. and all treads should be the same run. A stairway must be at least how wide? a. A quarter-turn stair is a stair that has two flights that connect with a landing that makes what angle? a.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture lesson. All risers in a flight of stairs should be the same rise.
a. a. Railings can be free-standing or attached to stairs.Stairs and Railings . Home b. riser lines c. Boundary lines. Align Railing d. False 240 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 6 . Modify c. Attach Railing c. Insert 2. False 6. The Stairs tool is located on the _______ tab: a. riser d. a. risers b. you use the _______ tool to locate the railing. To create an arc-shaped landing or riser. Circle 4. Stairs can be defined by sketching a run or by sketching _________ and ________. Pick New Host b. a. a. that is. you use the _______ option. Fasten Railing 5. Line b. To create railings on stairs without railings. Rectangle c. True b. risers and treads.Revit Architecture Questions 1. You can apply materials to different stair components. Railings. risers 3. Manage d. Treads. Run. True b. Arc d.
Complete Exercise: Assign a Roof Structure and Materials. (Student) 11. (Student) 9. (Student) 7. (Discussion) 2. Review of roof types. you will be able to: s Create roofs with different styles. Complete Exercise: Create an Extruded Roof. (Student) 5. (Student) 8. (Student) 10. Complete Exercise: Create a Roof with a Vertical Penetration. (Student) 3. (Student) 6. Complete Exercise: Place Gutters. (Evaluation) Introduction s 241 . Complete Exercise: Create a Roof Fascia. Complete Exercise: Create a Mansard Roof. s Place fascia.Roofs About This Unit When you complete this Revit® Architecture unit. Complete Exercise: Create a Roof from a Footprint. Lesson Plan 1.Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 7 . (Student) 4. Complete Exercise: Create a Hip Roof. Complete Exercise: Create a Shed Roof. s Define a roof structure. Evaluate Students. s Place gutters.
After completing this lesson. 242 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . and the necessary requirements for designing roofs. The slope and structure of a roof must be compatible with the type of roofing material (shingles. tiles. roof types. A roof must be constructed to span across space and carry its own weight. run. List the materials and construction methods for building flat and sloping roofs. as well as the weight of any attached equipment and accumulated rain and snow. or a continuous membrane) used to shed rainwater and melting snow to a system of drains. and pitch of a sloped roof. and downspouts. Roofs function as the main element for sheltering the interior spaces of a building. It addresses roof construction. Identify the different roof types. Calculate the rise. gutters. you will be able to: s s s s Describe the different materials used to build roofs.About Roofs About This Lesson This lesson explains the elements and materials that make up roofs.Roofs .
s Soffit: The underside of an overhanging roof eave. Math (STEM). s Eave: The overhanging lower edge of a roof. Engineering. s Dormer: Projecting structures built out from a sloping roof that houses a vertical window or ventilating louver. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. usually projecting edge of a sloping roof.Key Terms cellulose flat gable gambrel hipped inorganic organic phenolic pitch pyramidal slope shed span tapered Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Technology. s Rake: The inclined. To review the list of standards for each lesson. and math standards. s Gable: The triangular portion of a wall enclosing the end of a pitched roof from the ridge to eaves. s Ridge: The horizontal line of intersection at the top between two sloping planes of a roof. s Shed: A roof with a single slope. engineering. and Language Arts. Materials and Terminology The following terms are typically used with reference to roofs: s Hip: The projecting angle formed by the junction of two adjacent sloping sides of a roof. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. technology. About Roofs s 243 . This lesson relates to science.
244 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Roofs .
maintenance. both low and steep. How you relate your roof to the sky is very important. Roofing materials provide the water-resistant covering for a roof system.Materials The roof of your house provides shelter from rain. and sun. texture. snow. and color. Additional factors to take into consideration when selecting a roofing material are requirements for installation. s Slate shingles are an extremely durable. and sunlight. Sloped roofs. and colors. These are used more often on upscale homes. maintenance. Wood shakes are formed by splitting a short log into a number of tapered radial sections. resulting in at least one textured face. fire-resistant. resistance to wind and fire. and low maintenance roofing material. brands. are designed for shedding water and snow. rot. the roofing pattern. and if visible. durability. They come in several types. and if visible. Additional factors to take into consideration when selecting a roofing material are requirements for installation. They are easy to install and require low maintenance. The type of roofing used depends on the pitch of the roof structure. s s Wood shingles are normally cut from red cedar with a fine. The following materials are used in building roofs: s Composition shingles are a good choice for a clean look at an affordable price. texture. resistance to wind and fire. The surface of your roof determines how your house looks. durability. About Roofs s 245 . even grain and are naturally resistant to water. as well as how effective a shelter it is. and color. You can use them for many different applications. the roofing pattern.
s Cellulose fiber: Recycled paper particles treated with chemicals and blown-in or sprayed. the roof forms the ceilings of the rooms below. and require little maintenance. special characteristics (for example. s Batts: Precut blankets in standard sizes. a light roof helps to keep a house cool during the day and warm at night. and insulating capability (R-value). odor. A dark-colored shingle will affect the interior environment by absorbing solar heat from the sun during the day. s Fiberglass: Loose insulation requiring blown-in installation. and so forth). consider such factors as cost. Insulation comes in the following forms: s Blankets: Rolls made of glass fiber. but of equal importance is its ability to provide thermal protection. galvanized steel. choose a type that will suit your needs. They are also heavy and require framing that is strong enough to carry the weight of the tiles. fiberglass. the roof has to stay relatively clean in order to function properly. zinc alloy. s Corrugated metal roofing consists of ribbed panels spanned between roof beams or purlins running across the slope. galvanized steel. cool night will transmit more heat from the house than would a light-colored roof. s Foam-in-place: Liquid foamed plastic. Unfortunately. treatment for insects. reinforced plastic. 246 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . A sheet metal roof is characterized by a strong visual pattern of interlocking seams and articulated ridges and roof edges. s Sheet metal roofing may be copper. or corrugated structural glass. This same roof on a clear. If thermal insulation is required under a shingle roof. When choosing the insulation for your job. A white or nearly white roof will reflect solar radiation during the day and will not radiate much heat at night. s Phenolic or rigid foam: Sheets or board of foamed plastic such as polyurethane or polystyrene. durable.Roofs . A primary function of a roof covering is to provide a material that sheds water. In a house with a cathedral ceiling.s Tile roofing consists of clay or concrete units that overlap or interlock to create a strong textural pattern. Therefore. quality. They are fire-resistant. or terne metal (a stainless steelplated alloy of tin and lead). The roof panel may be made of aluminum with a natural mill or enameled finish.
The slope usually leads to interior drains. Flat roofs may be structured using the following materials and methods: s Reinforced concrete slabs s Flat timber of steel trusses s Timber or steel beams and decking s Wood or steel joists and sheathing About Roofs s 247 .Roof Construction Flat roofs require a continuous-membrane roofing material. and may be structured and designed to serve as an outdoor space. The minimum recommended slope is 1/4" per foot (1:50). Flat roofs can efficiently cover a building of any horizontal dimension.
The height and area of a sloping roof increase with its horizontal dimensions. the requirements for underlayment.Sloping Roofs Sloping roofs may be categorized into the following: s Low slope: up to 3:12 s Medium slope: 4:12 to 7:12 s High slope: 7:12 to 12:12 The roofing material used. eave flashing.Roofs . and design wind loads are all affected by the roof slope. Sloping roofs may be constructed using the following materials and methods: s Wood or steel rafters and sheathing 248 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . Steeper slopes are required in areas with snowfall to ensure the weight of the snow does not cause the roof to collapse.
and decking s Timber or steel trusses Roof Types The types of roofs are illustrated in this lesson: s Gable s Cross Gable s Flat s Hipped s Cross Hipped s Pyramidal s Shed s Mansard s Gambrel s Salt Box About Roofs s 249 .s Timber or steel beams. purlins.
Cross Gable Two intersecting gable roofs. Flat A roof that lies flat and has a very minimal slope or none at all.Gable A triangular roof that enables rain and snow to easily run off. 250 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Roofs .
Cross Hipped Two hipped roofs that intersect. About Roofs s 251 .Hipped A low-pitched roof that enables rain and snow to easily run off. The hipped roof allows eaves all around a building. Pyramidal A hip roof built on a square base with eaves of the same length.
as opposed to being perfectly triangular. Similar to a gable roof because it also enables rain and snow to run off. Many barns use gambrel roofs.Shed One basic face with a slope. These are commonly used in French-style houses. Gambrel A gable roof with two sloped edges on each face. Mansard A gable roof with a flat area at the top.Roofs . 252 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .
Salt Box Similar to a gable roof. Roof Slope The angle of incline on a roof is referred to as the slope or pitch. s Run = 12 s Slope = rise:run s Span = 2*run or 24 s Pitch = rise/span If the slope of this roof is displayed as 2:12. Rise and run values are used to show it as the slope. run. the pitch is displayed as 1/12. The run value is typically equal to 12. A number indicates the value of the rise. but the two sides are not symmetrical. rise and span are used to show it as the pitch. where as. Common slopes are: s 1 1/2:12 s 3:12 s 5:12 s 6:12 s 8:12 s 12:12 s 18:12 s 24:12 About Roofs s 253 . and span.
7 on 12. Terminology used to describe roof pitch or slope include 7/12. try to specify standard roof pitch. 7 and 12. Slope is usually noted as a ratio. 7 to 12. 7-12.Roofs . Exterior elevations should include a slope note for the roofs. 254 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .When designing a roof. and pitch is noted as a fraction. The note consists of a horizontal line to indicate the run and a vertical line to indicate the rise.
s A cornice is a horizontal projection at the top of a wall or under the overhanging part of the roof. s Soffits are the visible underside of structural members such as cornices and beams. To create a roof by face. or ice. snow. Roofs in Autodesk Revit Architecture The roof of a building is its top layer of protection against weather. Creating roofs by using faces is covered in Unit 2. that convey rainwater to drains. you work with massing shapes and not building components. water.Roofs About This Lesson After completing this lesson. and fascia. or by letting Revit Architecture automatically specify the depth. To create a roof by the extrusion method. s Place gutters. Once you create a roof. Revit provides you with the ability to define roof structures so you can assign materials and layers to your roof. you specify the outline of a roof in a plan view. Roofs are created in Revit Architecture software by the following three methods: s Footprint s Extrusion s Face To create a roof by footprint. s Create various roof types. Exercise 1: Designing with Building Forms. you will be able to: s Create a roof from a footprint. s Assign roof structure and materials. you sketch the profile of the roof in an elevation view and extrude it horizontally. s Gutters are channels at the roof edges. s Create a roof fascia. s Create a hip roof. You can either specify the depth of the extrusion by setting a start point and an endpoint. or eaves. You then define the slope(s) of the roof by identifying lines in the footprint that are edges of sloping roof planes. s A fascia is a vertical member at the outside edge of a cornice. you can add gutters. or roof overhangs. All roofs have to be impervious to wind. soffits. often supporting a gutter. dormers. and must have a system for draining water away from the building. s Dormers are projections in a sloping roof. Roofs s 255 . Roof systems are quite varied in design and materials.
Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. 256 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . engineering. This lesson relates to science. To review the list of standards for each lesson. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document.Key Terms cornice dormer extrusion face fascia footprint gutter pitch soffit Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. and math standards. and Language Arts. technology.Roofs . Math (STEM). Technology. Engineering.
you create an extruded roof. In the Work Plane dialog box. 4. plane defined for your use as shown in the illustration. Open ADA_Roofs. the top of the roof profile is sketched. Open view Floor Plan: Level 1. and then extruded by applying a thickness value. Click OK to continue. Reference planes are required to sketch this roof. This exercise file has one reference Roofs s 257 . 3. Select Reference Plane : Breezeway from the list. 2..Exercise: Create an Extruded Roof In this exercise. select the Name option. You place the roof in the area indicated by the red rectangle. Click Home tab > Build panel Roof > Roof by Extrusion.rvt. To create an extruded roof. The completed exercise Create an Extruded Roof 1.
258 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . click Line. 3. Drawing Reference Planes 1. Before sketching the roof's profile. Draw panel. enter 1' 6" for the Offset value. 6. On the Work Plane panel. click Ref Plane.Roofs . The Modify | Create Extrusion Roof Profile context tab is open. select Section: Section 1. In the Roof Reference Level and Offset dialog box. You are prompted to select a view to use while sketching the roof. In the Place Reference Plane context tab. To sketch a reference plane 1' 6" to the left of the left side wall: s On the Options Bar. 4. s Use the image below for guidance.5. In the Go To View dialog box. A section view parallel to the work plane has been defined. The section view should display as shown. 2. Sketch top to bottom on the external (right) side of the right hand wall to place a reference plane 1' 6" to the right of the right exterior wall face of the breezeway. Click Open View. s Sketch from down to up on the external face of the wall. you define four reference planes to help determine key points on the sketch. select Level 2 with an offset of 0' 0".
5. To keep the reference plane centered: s Click the icon below the temporary dimensions that display on each side of the new reference plane to make the dimensions permanent. s Select the new dimension. s Click Modify. sketch from right to left along the Level line. Set the Offset value to 0 and add a vertical reference plane between the breezeway walls. Roofs s 259 . sketch a horizontal reference plane 1' 6" below Level 2. s Click the EQ toggle.6. Using the image below for guidance. Using a positive offset value.
To sketch the roof profile: s On the Draw panel. On the Mode panel. click Chain. Your third point is at the intersection of the right reference plane and the horizontal reference plane. On the Properties palette. Right-click. for Name. Start your line at the intersection of the two reference planes to the left of the vertical wall.Roofs . Click OK. Your next point is at the intersection of Level 2 and the centered reference plane. Select the horizontal reference plane you just placed. 4. click Line. 2.Use Reference Planes to Create a Roof Profile To make it easy to identify the reference planes. s On the Options Bar. Click Cancel to terminate the Line tool. The name displays when you select the reference plane. 6. you can label them. 7. 3. Click Modify. 260 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . enter Horizontal. click Finish (green check). 5. 1.
8. 9. Roofs s 261 . Notice that the roof penetrates the walls inappropriately.12" type. Revit creates the roof using the Generic . Switch to a 3D view.
Using the images for guidance. 3. you use the Join/Unjoin Roof command. Then select the exterior (left) face of the wall at the right side of the breezeway. Then select the exterior wall face of the garage. 2. This is a two-step process.Join/Unjoin Roof To change the length of the roof extrusion. it mates the roof edges to the exterior walls. Edit Geometry panel. click Join/Unjoin Roof.Roofs . Select the edge of the roof as shown. Not only does this adjust the length of the roof. Click Join/Unjoin Roof again. 262 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . On the Modify tab. carefully select the far right roof edge. The roof extends to meet the selected wall surface. 1.
3. To select both walls together. In the Project Browser. The roof is now trimmed on both sides. open the view Sections: Section 1. 2. Select both walls. the vertical walls extrude through the roof. However. On the Options Bar. On the Modify Wall panel. Roofs s 263 . hold down the CTRL key while selecting them in turn. select Attach Wall: Top. This will join the wall tops to the roof. click Attach: Top/ Base. Trim Walls 1.4. Select the roof.
Switch to a 3D view. 264 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . Save the file as Unit7_first_roof. s Used Join/UnJoin to trim the roof to the walls.rvt. In this exercise. s Used Top/Base: Attach to trim walls to the roof. s Placed reference planes to help sketch the roof profile. The roof now looks correct. you: s Created a roof using an extrusion. 5.Roofs .4.
1. so you look straight down as in a plan. From the drop-down list. a dialog box is displayed. Because you are in a 3D view. In this exercise. 3.Exercise: Create a Roof from a Footprint Create a Gable Roof The roof footprint is a 2D sketch of the perimeter of a roof. The footprint sketch is created at 2. from existing walls.rvt. The sketch must contain a closed section representing the outside of the roof. Click Yes. and may also contain other closed loops inside the perimeter sketch. The completed exercise Roofs s 265 . you create a gable roof using a footprint. Use the ViewCube to orient the 3D view to the Top. prompting you to define the level the roof resides on. The inner loops define openings in the roof. You draw the footprint using sketching tools. On the Home tab. The file should be open to You can specify a value to control the footprint offset a 3D view. select Garage Roof. click Roof > Roof the same level of the plan view where it is sketched. The height of the roof base can be offset from this level using Properties. Build panel. Unit7_first_roof. 4. Open or continue working in or you can select walls to help define the roof outline. by Footprint.
7. 6.5. To start the roof sketch: s In the Draw panel. To finish the roof sketch: s On the Options Bar. The Modify | Create Roof Footprint context tab opens. s On Options Bar. Use the image below for guidance. the double arrow placement control enables you to toggle the line from side to side. Next.Roofs . Select the right vertical wall of the garage. click Defines Slope. 266 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . This creates a closed loop and completes the roof footprint sketch. 8. select the vertical wall on the left.0". Make sure the dashed green line is to the right of the wall. s Select the top horizontal wall and bottom horizontal wall. clear the Defines slope option. s Set the value for Overhang to 2' . If you place a line on the wrong side. click Pick Walls.
By default. Select the left slope defining line. To complete the roof. Change this value to 6"/12". In the Slope field of the Properties palette for that line. Select the right side roof line. Click Modify. The new roof displays. Other controls also display. Click the 9"/12" text. When prompted to attach the exterior garage walls to the roof. Two slope arrows display in our roof sketch. 3. defining lines separately. click Yes. you can edit the roof properties or change the properties of the slope. change the value to 6"/12". click Finish. 1. Roofs s 267 . Click beside the edit box to enter the value. 2.Change the Roof Pitch To change the roof pitch. It becomes an editable field. That value displays next to the slope arrow. When a roof line is set to slope defining. the slope arrow symbol displays next to it. roof slope is set to a 9" rise over a 12" run.
Roofs . Spin the view to see the new roof and attached walls.4. Save the file as Unit7_second_roof. you created a roof using a footprint and you modified the slope.rvt. 5. Use the Home icon of the ViewCube to reorient the view away from Top. In this exercise. 268 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .
On Home tab. Click Draw panel > Pick Walls. The roof requires an opening to accommodate a chimney. set the overhang to 1' 0". click Roof > Roof by Footprint. On the Options Bar. Open view Floor Plan: Level 3. you create a gable roof using a footprint. To chain-select all of the walls. place your cursor over one of the walls and press the TAB key. The completed exercise Create a Roof with a Vertical Penetration 1. 2. The file opens to a 3D view. Build panel. 4. Open or continue working in Unit7_second_roof.rvt. 3.Exercise: Create a Roof with a Vertical Penetration In this exercise. Roofs s 269 . Clear Defines Slope. When all of the walls prehighlight. click to select them.
Click Zoom To Fit to view the entire floor plan.Create a Roof Opening 1. you can activate the Pick Lines option and select the four sides of the chimney. Using the image for guidance.Roofs . click Rectangle. verify the 0' 0" Offset. sketch a rectangle over the chimney's exterior face. Right-click. Zoom into the chimney area. 4. On the Draw panel. On the Options Bar. 270 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . 3. As an alternate. 2.
5. the view Cut Plane makes the roof appear incomplete. Select the left lower horizontal line. select Defines Slope. On the Options Bar. 2. 6. Click Modify. Click Finish. click Yes. select the Defines Slope. As in the previous exercise. 4. Select the uppermost. 3. When prompted to attach the walls to the roof. On the Options Bar. The slope indicator displays. Roofs s 271 . horizontal line.Add Slope Lines 1.
Save the file as Unit7_third_roof.Roofs . 272 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . you created a roof with an opening for the chimney and applied slopes to existing roof lines. In this exercise. Switch to a 3D view to see the roof.rvt. 8. attached walls. and chimney penetration.7.
Open view Floor Plan: Level 2. Build panel. The file should open to a 3D view. Select the three walls shown in the image. 3. Zoom into the area shown. 5. 4. Click Pick Walls if it is not already active. Create the Roof 1. click Roof > Roof by Footprint. On the Options Bar. you create a hip roof.0". set Overhang to 2' .Exercise: Create a Hip Roof In this exercise. Select Defines Slope. The completed exercise On the Home tab. 2. Roofs s 273 . Open or continue working in Unit7_third_roof.rvt.
0". Click View > Orient to a Direction > Northeast Isometric to quickly flip to the rear of the building. sketched lines cannot overlap or intersect each other. Draw a line with no offset to close the roof sketch. Use the Trim tool to clean up the corners of the roof sketch if needed. In addition. Click Finish to complete the roof. Right-click the ViewCube. you use the Line tool.7. s On the Draw panel. Switch to a 3D View. Click OK. 3. To close the roof sketch. change the value of the parameter Base Offset From Level to 2' . Roof sketches must create a closed loop. 274 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Roofs . s s Clear Defines Slope. On the Properties palette. 2. Raise the Roof 1. 6. click Line.
Roofs s 275 . and then the face of the bordering exterior wall as shown. To properly join the new rooftop to the main building. The hip roof joins to the wall and continues into the main roof. Select the edge of the hip roof first.Join/Unjoin Roof 1. click Modify tab > Edit Geometry panel > Join/Unjoin Roof.
2. In this exercise. 276 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . and then joined it to a wall.rvt. you created a hip roof using a footprint. Save the file as Unit7_hip_roof.Roofs .
3. click Pick Walls. Click Home tab > Build panel > Roof > Roof by Footprint. Open or continue working in Unit7_hip_roof. Roofs s 277 . 5. Open view Floor Plan: Level 2. Use Zoom In Region to zoom into the area shown. 2. click Line. 7. Select the three walls that define the entryway as shown. 6. Clear Defines Slope. you create a shed roof using the footprint method. Set the Overhang to 1' 0". The completed exercise On the Draw panel. Create a Shed Roof 1. On the Draw panel. The file should open to a 3D view.rvt. 4.Exercise: Create a Shed Roof In this exercise.
Click Toggle Slope Defining. Use the Trim tool to clean up the roof sketch profile.Roofs . 12. 13. edit the Base Offset From Level parameter to 2' 0". On the Properties palette. 9. horizontal line at the front of the roof. Right-click the line. Draw a line along the outside face of the wall to close the roof sketch.8. Set the Offset to 0' 0". Select the lower. 11. Set the Slope to 6" / 12". 10. 278 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . Click Modify.
18.rvt. 17. 15. you created a shed roof using a footprint. 16. Click the Home icon above the ViewCube to return the view to Southeast Isometric orientation. Switch to a 3D view.14. Save as Unit7_shed_roof. Finish the Roof. Roofs s 279 . When prompted to attach the walls to the roof. In this exercise. click Yes. Click OK.
Activate the view North Elevation. Open ADA_Mansard_Roof. Open the Default 3D view. click View > Orient > Northeast to orient the view. You will constrain the current roof so that it does not rise above Level 3.rvt. 2. On the menu bar. Notice that the roof is cut off at level 3. On the Properties palette. you create a mansard roof by cutting off a roof at a specific level and adding an additional roof on top of it. 3.Exercise: Create a Mansard Roof In this exercise. 280 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Roofs . Select the Roof. You see four levels defined in the model. select Level 3. Cutoff Level list. 4. 5. The roof updates. The completed exercise Create a Mansard Roof 1.
Switch to a 3D View. on the Properties palette. you created a mansard roof using the footprint method and modifying properties. set the slope value to 3"/12". On the Home tab. On the Options Bar. 11. 9. In this exercise. 12. 13. Open Floor Plan: Level 3. On the Draw panel.6. 10. Save as Unit7_mansard_roof. To set the slope for the new roof. click Pick Lines. 8.rvt. select Defines Slope. Finish the Roof. Select the inner rectangle as shown. Zoom and spin to see your model. click Roof > Roof by Footprint. Roofs s 281 . 7.
Roofs . The file should open to a 3D view. 3. In the Type Selector.Exercise: Assign a Roof Structure and Materials In this exercise. 2. you specify the material and Assign a Roof Structure and Materials insulation used in your roof. The completed exercise 282 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Asphalt Shingle Insulated. thereby reducing energy consumption. Select the main roof over the house. Open or continue working in Unit7_shed_roof. select Basic Roof: Wood Rafter 8" .rvt. 1. Roof design is an important consideration for sustainable design. Roof insulation prevents heat loss in cold weather and unwanted heat gain in summer. A roof is considered a compound structure and is defined similarly to a wall.
3. For Name. 2. Select Layer 2 as shown. Select the roof over the garage. For Structure Value. 5. It is a generic roof type.Define a Roof Structure 1. s s In the Type Properties dialog box. To define a new roof type: s On the Properties palette. click Duplicate. click Edit Type. s Set the Layer 2 Material to Masonry-Tile. s Click OK. 4. enter Clay Tile. Click Insert to add a layer. Roofs s 283 . click Edit. Set the following properties: s Set Layer 2 Function to Structure [1].
s Set Layer 3 Function to Thermal/Air Layer.rvt. Save the file as Unit7_roof_structure. s Set the Layer 2 Thickness to 6". click the arrow next to the Surface Pattern field. 8. s Set the Layer 3 Thickness to 2". 6. Set the Surface Pattern to Shake. Click OK twice. 7. Click OK to exit the dialog box.s s s In the Materials dialog box. In the Fill Pattern dialog box. In this exercise. 284 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . The garage roof displays a pattern. s Set the Layer 3 Material to Insulation/ Thermal Barriers-Rigid Insulation. select Model.Roofs . s Click OK. you defined a new roof structure and assigned roof materials.
rfa. Open ADA_Roof_Fascia. On the Insert tab.rvt. Click Open. to support a gutter.Exercise: Create a Roof Fascia A cornice is a horizontal projection at the top of a wall or under the overhanging part of a roof. In this exercise. On the Home tab. click Load From Library panel > Load Family. 3. In the Open dialog box. open the Imperial/Profiles/RoofsImperial/Profiles/Roofs Select Fascia-Built-Up. 4. The completed exercise Create a Roof Fascia 1. click Roof > Fascia. you define and add a fascia to an existing roof. A fascia is a flat member placed in a vertical position at the outside edge of a cornice or roof to serve as a drip edge. Roofs s 285 . 2. or for decoration.
For Name. In the Type Properties dialog box. just loaded: s On the Properties palette. Click Duplicate. select Fascia-Built Up: 1 x 12 w 1 x 8. s Click OK to exit the dialog box. enter Built-up Fascia as the new fascia type. 286 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . Matte. for Profile. Click OK.Roofs . 6. Set the Material value to Metal . click Edit Type.5.Paint Finish Ivory. To create a new fascia type using the profile you 7.
Verify that your new fascia type is listed in the Type Selector list. Roofs s 287 . Save the file as Unit7_fascia_applied.8. Move the cursor to the top edge of a roof overhang. In this exercise. 9. Select all of the roof edges to place fascia segments. you defined and applied a roof fascia.rvt.
6. enter Cove Shape Gutter as the new gutter type. click Edit Type. 1. For Name. so as not to detract from the design of the building. under Profile parameter.Bevel: 5" x 5". Open or continue working in the file Unit7_fascia_applied. To create a gutter type for this project: s On the Properties palette. Click OK to exit the Type Properties dialog box.Roofs . you add gutters to a building. Click OK. 3. On the Home tab. Click OK. In the Type Properties dialog box. Place Gutters In this exercise. click Roof > Gutter. The file should open to a 3D view. select Metal Aluminum. 5. Under Material parameter. 2.Exercise: Place Gutters Gutters are important because they collect rainwater and route it away from the building walls and foundation. 288 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . The completed exercise 4. Architects are careful to make gutters unobtrusive. select Gutter .rvt. s Click Duplicate.
Verify that your new Cove Shape Gutter type appears in the Type Selector. Note: Fascias have interior and exterior faces. In this exercise. 8. Roofs s 289 . Segments will clean up at corners. Select all the fascia top edges to place gutter segments.7. you attached gutters to a roof. the gutter displays on the wrong side. 10. You can use the double-arrow orientation control to flip gutter segments as necessary. 11. If you click the interior face. Move the cursor to the top outside edge of the fascia.rvt. Save the file as Unit7_gutters. Place gutters on the eaves of the garage roof as well. 9.
and cold. heat. Science Wind pressure on roofs produces uplift forces that can destroy buildings. water. s What materials compose asphalt roofing shingles? s What materials are in roofing tiles? 290 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . s What is the effect of roof pitch on uplift and how is this calculated? Technology Roofs must resist wind.Roofs .STEM Connections Background Modern roofing uses a growing variety of shapes and materials to perform an age-old function.
on August 15? STEM Connections s 291 .Engineering Roofs impart loads to the walls that support them. Math Roof overhangs shelter the walls below them. s Using your own house. s s What is a collar tie and why is it used? Name three common types of roof trusses.m. what length of roof overhang would be needed to protect a south-facing glass door on the ground floor from sunlight at 3:00 p.
None of the above 3. What type of roof has one basic face with a slope? a. False 292 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 . a. s Place gutters. Hip c. Roofing materials provide the water-resistant covering for a roof system. Gambrel d. True b. you learned to: s Create roofs with different styles. a. When referring to roof slope.Roofs . Medium c. a. Gable b.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture unit. True b. False 2. the run is always 12. Shed 4. s Define a roof structure. A roof with a 6:12 slope is considered a ________ slope roof. Low b. General Questions 1. High d. s Place fascia.
Change the direction of the roof. Join/Unjoin Roofs d. SHIFT c. Footprint. place a check mark next to: a. Create an opening. Cut/Lengthen c. a. profile 2. extrusion. Toggle Slope Defining is used to: a. sketch. False 5. Extrusion d. You can assign a name to a reference plane to make it easier to identify. pick d. Footprint b. DEL d. Defines Slope c. The roof _______is a 2D sketch of the perimeter of the roof. lines c. Activate Slope 9. profile. c. TAB b. Roof slopes can be applied either before or after a roof is created. Turn slopes on or off. Walls. a. b. face b. Expand/Contract 6. you use: a. a. A roof is created by ___________when the shape of the roof profile is sketched. a. Footprint b. To trim or extend an extruded roof to other roofs or walls. a. True b. Trim/Extend b. Sketch. a. True b.Revit Architecture Questions 1. Roofs can be created using ______. Add Slope b. Sketch c. False Summary/Questions s 293 . True b. 10. a. Material 8. False 7. Slope c. d. ENTER 4. Walls d. Create Slope d. ______ or _______. and then extruded horizontally using a thickness. Footprint. place your cursor over one of the walls and press the ____ key. Face 3. To chain-select all of the walls when creating a roof by footprint. Change the direction of the slope. A compound roof contains layers. extrusion. To add a slope to a roofline.
294 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 7 .Roofs .
Complete Exercise: Add Text Notes to an Exterior Elevation (Student) 9. you will be able to: s Create an elevation view. s Modify the boundaries of a section or elevation. Complete Exercise: Create a New Section View (Student) 3.Sections and Elevations About This Unit After completing this Autodesk® Revit® Architecture unit. Review of Sections and Elevations (Discussion) 2. Complete Exercise: Change the Section Head (Student) 4. Complete Exercise: Create a Detail Section (Student) 5. s Create slope annotations. s Navigate between elevation markers and elevation views. s Place a section or elevation view on a sheet. s Create a section view.Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 8 . Complete Exercise: Create an Exterior Elevation (Student) 8. Complete Exercise: Create an Interior Elevation (Student) 11. Complete Exercise: Add Notes to a Detail Section (Student) 6. Lesson Plan 1. Complete Exercise: Place a Section View on a Sheet (Student) 7. s Create filled regions. s Create material annotations. Complete Exercise: Add Slope Annotations (Student) 10. Evaluate Students (Evaluation) Introduction s 295 .
Sections are an important tool for inspecting structural conditions. and wall conditions at that particular slice location. and tool racks. cabinetry. In a residential building. Elevations can be used to display an exterior or an interior. Exterior elevations provide information about the exterior materials of a structure. the location of special equipment.Sections and Elevations . interior elevations may be used to show display cases. and special equipment. Interior elevations are less utilized than exterior elevations. the kitchen. bathrooms. you will be able to: s s s Describe building sections and why they are used. Elevations are derived from the floor plan. Explain interior elevations and what they are used for.About Sections and Elevations About This Lesson This lesson explains why to use sections and elevations in a set of building plans. floor. Sections are used to examine the roof. A building section cuts a vertical slice through a structure or a part of a structure. 296 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . After completing this lesson. In a commercial structure. and special closets are usually documented with an interior elevation in order to display casements. List the information provided by an exterior elevation.
technology. Math (STEM). Technology. and math standards. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. To review the list of standards for each lesson. and Language Arts. Building Sections Building Section Information A building section is used to show the following types of information: s Type of foundation s Floor system s Exterior/Interior wall construction s Beam and column sizes. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. Engineering. This lesson relates to science. engineering. and their materials s Plate and/or wall heights s Floor elevations s Roof pitch About Sections and Elevations s 297 .Key Terms baseboard beam building ceiling joist column coving detail eave elevation exterior floor truss footing flush flush overlay inset lip MDF molding pitch plate rafter rise run ridge sections sheathing slope soffit span stucco stepped footing topset window well wood siding Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science.
on the long axis of the building. s Generally falls into two classifications: t Longitudinal. Building sections commonly show insulation methods and values. s Vertical transportation method (stairs). s Methods of construction for the framing crew. and are properly cross-referenced. t Cross or transverse sections.s Insulation requirements Purpose of Building Sections Building sections are used in a set of building plans for the purpose of showing the following information about the building: s Vertical relationships of the structural members called for on the floor. 298 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 .Sections and Elevations . Drafting Building Sections Some general rules for drafting building sections are: s Each major structural material must be drawn and dimensioned. s The indicators for these sections are applied to the floor plan and elevation sheets. as well as weatherproofing and ventilation methods. across its narrower dimension. and foundation plans. Simple techniques carried throughout a building can greatly reduce energy consumption. s Section lines need not be entirely straight. framing. they can be offset to show a particular feature of the building.
unnecessary. and steel. partial. such as framing connections and foundation details. full.Section Types There are four basic types of sections: wall. About Sections and Elevations s 299 . Wall sections allow the structural components and callouts to be clearly drawn and usually make larger-scale details.
300 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 .Full sections show the entire width of a building and detail the various components used in construction.Sections and Elevations .
About Sections and Elevations s 301 .Partial sections are used to show a specific condition in a small localized area.
s The position relationship between different elements. For larger elevations. View Scale Exterior elevations are usually scaled at the same scale as the floor plan. The section is used to establish column and beam heights as well as detail welds.Sections and Elevations . it is acceptable to decrease the scale. s Horizontal and vertical dimensions not shown on other views. Exterior Elevations Exterior elevations provide the following useful information: s Exterior materials used. s Door and window bubbles/labels for schedules. s Structural members inside walls (using hidden lines). 302 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 .Steel sections are used in buildings built mainly with steel members. such as doors and windows.
the title is based on the direction the viewer is looking. if you are standing in an office lobby facing north. this is reversed. Most manufacturers of building materials provide instructions on how to install so the material does not allow water to leak into the building. South. bushes. it is perfectly acceptable to use the phrase "Install per Mfr. people. Most horizontal dimensions are shown in the floor plans. You do not need to dimension windows and doors because that information will be contained in the window and door schedule. For example. shadows. and so forth. Kitchens and bathrooms are examples of rooms that might be shown in an interior elevation. and West) are based on the direction the structure faces. Unnecessary Information Shades. For a wood structure. You may. and flowers do not belong in an exterior elevation. About Sections and Elevations s 303 . refers to the manufacturer of the siding or exterior materials. The size of the object is listed first. Therefore.Exterior Materials Elevations are also used to specify the exterior materials used on the building. and then the name of the material. Do not dimension anything on the exterior elevation that has been dimensioned elsewhere. Interior Elevations Interior elevation views depict detailed views of interior walls and show how the features of that wall should be built. or methods of installation. reference doors or windows to a schedule on an exterior elevation using tags. Carefully consider building materials that are appropriate for the conditions of the building site. The materials used on the exterior of a building are an important part of sustainable design. however. the interior wall you are looking at will be labeled North Lobby Elevation. Interior Orientations In exterior elevations. East. For siding. quantity. the titles assigned (North. With interior elevations. most exterior elevations show primarily vertical dimensions. followed by any additional information about spacing. the surface covering and underlayment is notated." Mfr. cars.
finished floor-to-ceiling heights. wood.View Scale Most interior elevations are scaled at 1/2" = 1' 0". or decorative patterns. other openings. Coving is a method where the floor material is curved upward against the wall. It may have curves. This is more costly than regular overlay.Sections and Elevations . Casements and Cabinets The primary purpose of interior elevations is to describe cabinet work. or linoleum) and the wall. and other appliances. Topset is commonly rubber or vinyl. and types of finish materials used. doors. Flush Overlay: The doors/drawers lay on top of the frame. casements. shelf arrangements. and lip. Wall and ceiling intersections may use moulding. Door and drawer edges almost touch each other. Molding is usually made of plaster. distance between base cabinets and wall cabinets. or a baseboard. Lip: This cabinet type has one door slightly overlaying its opposing door. or MDF. The wood is placed vertically against the wall. Intersection of Wall and Floor/Ceilings Interior elevations can also describe the treatment of wall and floor joins. This trim is usually applied to linoleum tile so that the edges do not crack or break. flush overlay. chamfers. It is curved so it overlays the floor and a small part of the wall. The baseboard may be painted or stained to protect the wood. This is usually done using a topset. and special equipment such as toilets. Other acceptable scales are 3/8" = 1' 0" or 1/8" = 1' 0". A baseboard is usually a strip of wood. coving. The thickness of the wood conceals any gaps between the floor material (usually carpet. There are three main types of cabinet doors: flush. 304 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . dishwashers. tile. The doors and drawers are made larger than normal to almost cover the entire cabinet frame. Cabinet elevations show cabinet lengths and heights. The frame has a square edge (no bead) and the door/ drawer is set into the cabinet frame opening. You should specify the type of cabinets to be installed. Molding is commonly used at the top and bottom of walls where it intersects with the floor or ceiling. and materials used. windows. Hinges are concealed. doors and direction of door swings. It can also be used around doorways and windows. Interior wall elevations show wall lengths. Flush: This cabinet type is also called inset. The trim is usually glued into place. which is a formed pressboard. Most floor plans are scaled at 1/4" = 1' 0". Molding is normally decorative in nature.
s Place a section view on a sheet. s Create and add notes to a detail section. Revit will automatically update your elevation views if you make any changes to the floor plan. Detail views hold annotations and other drafted or sketched information. Interior Elevation Views You can create interior elevation views in the design by placing an interior elevation symbol in a room.Sections and Elevations About This Lesson After completing this lesson. s Create and add notes to an exterior elevation. you will be able to: s Create a new section view. s Add slope annotations. s Change the section head. This automatically creates the section view in the model. Section Views You can create section views in the design by placing a section line. which you can then add to a sheet. Key Terms annotation boundary detail elevation exterior filled region interior note section sheet slope view Sections and Elevations s 305 . s Create an interior elevation. Exterior Elevations Autodesk Revit Architecture software includes default exterior elevation views with project templates. and a section symbol on all plans. Opening an elevation view is as easy as selecting the elevation name in the Project Browser. This automatically creates the elevation views of the room. Callouts and Detail Sections You can create large-scale views of plans and sections by placing a callout. This automatically creates a detail view of the area inside the callout that you can then add to a sheet. You can also create a construction grid with identification tags on the drawing and have the tags display in the model. Construction grids display in interior elevation views to provide a point of reference for these drawings.
Math (STEM). the section view updates as the design changes or if the section line is modified.Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Once created. engineering. technology. You define the section by sketching a section line in a plan view through the building (or family) where you want the section to cut the model. The section line has a section head on one end with the view name and view direction arrow. The section has an associated crop region that sets its depth of view. A section is a horizontal view. and math standards. 306 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 .Sections and Elevations . This lesson relates to science. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. Engineering. and Language Arts. but it cuts the model to show structure rather than surfaces. Section Views Section Command Section View The Section command enables you to define a section view through your design. To review the list of standards for each lesson. like an elevation. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. Technology.
For example. the section symbol does not display in that plan view. and the clip plane displays with drag controls on it. Section symbols can display in elevation views even if the elevation crop boundary is turned off. or other section view. To view and modify the position of the elevation clip plane. The section displays in elevation if the section line intersects the elevation clip plane. if you resize the crop region of the section view so that it no longer intersects a plan view plane. Sections and Elevations s 307 .Section Symbol Visibility The section symbol is visible in a plan. provided its crop region intersects the view. elevation. select the arrowhead of an elevation symbol in a plan view.
If you resize the clip plane so that it no longer intersects the section line.Sections and Elevations . Controlling View Depth The Section command can control the view depth of the section. When you create a section view. By resizing the crop region. the section does not display in the elevation view. 308 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . it includes a crop region to resize the view. you can more closely control what displays in the section view.
So. such as anchor bolts and siding.Reference Bubbles The Section command also allows either a one-to-one relationship between a section bubble and a section view. Roof Slope Exterior elevations should include slope indicators for roofs. The run always has a value of 12 when using imperial units. which is spoken as 2 in 12. pages with large-scale views show indicators called callouts that list the close-up views. Once you create the detail section. Many companies build up libraries of standard details for use on more than one project. in which the designer adds specific information and instructions. You can also save your detail sections for use in more than one project. Common slopes are: Sections and Elevations s 309 . s Add structural details. A standard indicator consists of a number and horizontal line to indicate the run. Slope values can also be displayed as fractions: 2/12. In a set of construction documents. The number indicates the value of the rise and run. s Create Filled Regions to represent the different structural elements or materials. The slope is the ratio rise:run. s Add breaklines as needed. or multiple reference section bubbles that point to one section view. you can drag and drop it onto any sheet. In the example shown. the slope of this roof is 2:12. Detail sections are easy to create in Revit Architecture once you understand the following process: s Create a new section of the area you intend to detail with the Callout tool. This provides a navigation system so readers can move from view to view to find the information they need. Slope is also referred to as pitch. tracing over the existing elements. Details are crucial for effective construction. s Add detail notes. and a number and vertical line to indicate the rise. Detail Sections Details are close-up views of the building model. s Turn off Visibility of Model elements as needed. the rise has a value of 2 and the run has a value of 12.
Sections and Elevations .s s s s s s s s s 1-1/2:12 3:12 5:12 6:12 8:12 9:12 12:12 18:12 24:12 When designing a roof. 310 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . The minimum pitch to use when designing shingle-covered roofs in climates with snow is 3:12. try to specify standard roof pitch.
4. Place the pointer at the left of the staircase. Move the cursor horizontally and place the section line end to the right of the exterior wall. The file opens to a 3D view. The Section command is available from the View tab. select a view scale of 1/8" = 1'-0". On the View tab. Open the view Floor Plans: GROUND FLOOR. you create a section view and modify the properties of the section line and section view. 2. click Section. In the Scale list on the Options Bar. Create panel. Open the file ADA_Sections.rvt. The completed exercise 6. 3. Sections and Elevations s 311 . Create a Section View 1. The section symbol is composed of different components: 5.Exercise: Create a New Section View In this exercise.
The blue flip arrows that display when the section is selected enable you to flip the direction of the section cut. Notice the value for Far Clip Offset. The mark in the center of the section line enables you to put an adjustable break in the section line. 2. Select the control on the middle of the far clip plane. The section tail indicates the end of the section cut. This is called the crop region. s Crop Region Visible hides or displays the crop boundary. Drag the far clip plane to the middle of the building. You can enter a value in this field or use the grips on the crop region to modify the depth. With the section line selected. s Annotation Crop activates or de-activates a secondary boundary to control annotation display. the value for Far Clip Offset has been updated.Sections and Elevations . Section Properties 1. the Properties palette holds several options for controlling the extents of the view: s Crop View activates or de-activates the crop. The section arrowhead indicates the direction in which the section is facing.s s s s s s s The section bubble contains the information regarding which sheet to view the section on. The actual location is not critical. This is the green dotted line parallel to the section line. 3. On the Properties palette. s Far Clip Offset allows for specific placement of the far clip boundary. The dotted green rectangle indicates the depth of the section cut. The controls next to the head and tail enable you to cycle through head and tail symbols. and it has control grips to resize it. 312 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . s Far Clipping shows options for display at the clip plane.
8. Note that the stairs are now easier to see. Double-click Section 1 to activate the Section view. Sections and Elevations s 313 . 6. Note that it is difficult to see the stairs on the left because there are doors located behind them. When you drew the section line. 7. you created a section view and modified the properties of the section line and section view. In the Properties palette. The view is listed in your Project Browser. The section view updates.4. change Far Clip Offset to 10. The rectangle that appeared around the view is no longer visible. Save the file as Unit8_section1.rvt. The Section view is still editable (the border is blue). In this exercise. 5. you automatically created a section view. Clear Crop Region Visible.
Settings panel.1 point Filled. Click OK.No Arrow. click Duplicate. enter Open Arrow. click Load Family. Several section head families are available. 314 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . In the Type Properties dialog box.Exercise: Change the Section Head Revit Architecture provides a selection of annotation symbol styles. They include Section Head . you create a new section head style and apply it to an existing section line. 7. Select Section Head-Open.Filled. On the Insert tab. In this exercise. 4.rvt.rfa. The view does not change. 2. For Name. On the Manage tab. click Additional Settings > Section Tags. Click Open to load the family. 3. 6. The completed exercise Change the Section Head 1. Switch to Floor Plans: GROUND FLOOR view. Section Head . Open or continue working in Unit8_section_1. Open the folder Imperial Library/Annotations. Load from Library panel.Sections and Elevations . 5. and Section Head .
Save as Unit8_section_open. No values display in the bubble because the section has not been assigned to a sheet. Click OK. For Name. select Open Arrow. 14. Click OK. you created a new section head style and applied it to an existing section line.Open. select Section Head . Click OK twice to exit the dialog box. 9. click Edit Type. 10. For Section Head. 11. Click Duplicate.rvt. On the Properties palette. Sections and Elevations s 315 . enter Open Arrow. 13. In the Section Tag field. 12.8. The section head updates to the new head type. Select the section line. In this exercise.
Plan your breaks and save your work accordingly.Exercise: Create a Detail Section In this exercise. 4. To reposition the callout head. Open file ADA_Detail_Section.rvt.Sections and Elevations . set the Scale to 1 1/2" = 1'-0". 316 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . This is a building section. it extends from one exterior wall across to the other side of the building. you create a detail section view using the following tools: s Callout s Filled Region s Detail Lines s Detail Component s Insulation This is a long exercise. 6. On the Options Bar. The callout view highlights and displays drag handles. click Callout. On the View tab. Open the view Sections (Section 1) > Section 1. Use the image below for guidance. 3. Create panel. select the border of the callout. Create a callout around the left side of the foundation sill by dragging a rectangle around it. 2. The completed exercise Create a Detail Section 1. Select the callout head drag handle and move the head to the bottom left side of the view as shown. 5.
You can add detail lines. region patterns. click Region > Filled Region. 4. Save the file again as needed so you can return to it. Trace over the lower left corner of the view. On the Options Bar. On the Annotate tab. You will probably need to Zoom (in and out) and Pan (back and forth) to draw the four lines correctly. On the Draw panel. but not strongly. 2. change the View Name to Detail at Foundation Sill. select Chain. You create a filled region representing the sloped grade outside the foundation wall. Detail panel.7. Sections and Elevations s 317 . Detail the View Detail components are view specific. On the Properties palette. 1. detail components. Line is selected automatically. Save the file as Unit8_foundation_detail. as shown. and insulation objects to a view that will be visible only in that view.rvt. 3. Change the Visual Style to Hidden Line. Revit Architecture snaps to endpoints and corners. 8. Double-click Sections (Callout 1): Detail at Foundation Sill to open the callout view.
Click Duplicate to create a new Fill Pattern type. You could also use the Subcategory field on the Properties palette. For Name. 318 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Click Modify. 7. On the Properties palette. Click OK. click Edit Type to access the Type Properties.5. Use the Line Style Selector to change them to Wide Lines. Hold down the CTRL key to select more than one item. enter Earth.Sections and Elevations . Select the upper and right side lines. 6.
the pattern becomes visible. Click OK twice to exit the dialog boxes. Depending on your zoom settings and the selected fill pattern. On the Place Detail Component tab. Detail panel. From the Fill Pattern list. select Drafting Pattern Type EARTH as shown below. On the Annotate tab. Open the folder Imperial Library/Detail Components/Div 06-Wood and Plastic/06100Rough Carpentry/06110-Wood Framing.Section. Sections and Elevations s 319 . Add Detail Components Detail components are 2D family objects. the filled region may appear as solid fill. select Finish (green check). On the Mode panel. If you zoom in closer.8. 9.rfa. Click OK. which are visible only in the view where they are placed. 3. click Load Family. click Component > Detail Component. Select Nominal Cut Lumber . Click Open. Detail panel. 2. 1.
320 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . CTRL+select 2x4 and 2x10. Use Move and/or Rotate to place it precisely into position. 5. Press SPACEBAR once to rotate the component 90 degrees.4. In the Specify Types dialog box. You can select the lumber section after it is placed initially.Sections and Elevations . select Nominal Cut Lumber Section : 2 x 10. Click OK. Place the 2 x 10 Lumber as shown. From the Type Selector.
Place the 2 x 4 component as shown. Using the image below for guidance. Sections and Elevations s 321 . 8. From the Type Selector. add a second copy of the 2 x 10. Press SPACEBAR as necessary to orient the component vertical. Add another Detail Component. select Nominal Cut LumberSection: 2 x 4. 7. select Plywood. You can use the arrow keys to nudge selected objects a small distance.6. Move it after placement if necessary. From the Type Selector list.
Place the Plywood component above the last 2 x 10 added to the model. Place the component similarly to the image below. Select the vertical plywood. This component represents the subflooring. The exact vertical placement is not critical. On the Properties palette. You may need to realign the plywood with the wall face. 12.9. at the midpoint of the horizontal 2 x 10. set the Thickness to 3/4". Click Modify. 322 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Click Component > Detail Component.Sections and Elevations . Use the image below for guidance. From the Type Selector. 10. Add another plywood component to the exterior face of the wall. select anchor bolt. 11.
From the Type Selector. Click Modify. Add another Detail Component.13. Sections and Elevations s 323 . On the Modify panel of the context tab. 14. Select the siding component and move it down vertically 3/4" so it extends past the plywood to make a drip edge. select Lap Siding. select Multiple. Use the image below for guidance. On the Options Bar. Place the siding against the plywood on the exterior face of the wall. select Copy.
From the Line Style Selector. Copy the siding 8" up (90 degrees) three times to indicate that the siding continues up the wall.15. Add Detail Lines 1. Save the file. click Detail Line.Sections and Elevations . 16. Start at the end of the siding. select Wide Lines. Use Zoom In Region to the area indicated. 2. Detail panel. Sketch detail lines to enclose the end of the lap siding. 324 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . On the Annotate tab.
Draw the line up 3/4" to meet the plywood. Sections and Elevations s 325 . click the Rectangle tool on the Draw panel. Draw the next line horizontally 3/4" to intersect with the wall.3. The completed detail should resemble the illustration shown. 5. Sketch the baseboard as shown: 3/4" wide x 3 1/2" high. Zoom out. Still using Wide Lines. 4.
8. On the Annotate tab. Click the button next to Pattern in Cut Pattern area. Click OK three times to exit all dialog boxes. Select Gypsum-Plaster from the list. click Insulation. 7. you show the gypsum board in the wall. Save the file. Click Edit in the Structure field. Detail panel. 9. identified as Wall material 1. Click the icon that displays to open the Material dialog box.6. Select the wall so it highlights.Sections and Elevations . Add Insulation 1. Accept the default Width of 0'-3" from the Options Bar. Right-click. 10. 2. The wall display updates. Next. In the Edit Assembly dialog box. select the Material field in row 3. 326 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Start at the midpoint of the 2 x 4 component and sketch the insulation up to the edge of the section. Click Modify. Click Element Properties > Type Properties.
select Break Line. Sections and Elevations s 327 . Add Breaklines The breakline detail component is composed of model lines and an adjustable filled region on one side. 1. The component snaps to the middle of the wall. From the Type Selector. Place the breakline near the middle of the wall section as shown. Detail panel. 3. Your view should resemble the image shown. On the Annotate tab.2. click Component > Detail Component.
Drag the right side control dot to the left so that it reaches the masking region for the breakline you just adjusted. To complete the detail. and detail components to it.4. The temporary dimensions will give the visual clues you need to determine which way it is facing. 7. You place another breakline. Save the file. add breaklines at the bottom and left sides. 6. Press SPACEBAR three times to rotate the Detail Component so the masking element is on the right. Click Modify to terminate the Detail Component tool. The Detail Component tool is still active. 5. you created a detail section view and added filled regions. Breaklines are placed in details wherever a material extends past the extents of the detail view. Place the breakline as shown.Sections and Elevations . Click Zoom to Fit. detail lines. The view should resemble the image shown. 328 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Select the edge of the view (the crop region). In this exercise.
rvt. The file opens to Detail at Foundation Sill. you use the Text tool on the Annotate tab. s Clear Annotation Crop. Simple techniques carried throughout a building can greatly reduce energy consumption. the Properties palette displays View Properties: s Clear Crop Region Visible. To add notes. and ventilation methods in construction documents. For example: s 1" x 8" redwood siding over 15# felt s Cement plaster over concrete block Add Notes In this exercise. Open or continue working in Unit8_foundation_detail. With nothing selected in the view. 2. 3. you add notes to the detail section you created in a previous exercise. or methods of installation. and then the name of the material and any additional information about spacing. Details illustrate and specify insulation methods and values.Exercise: Add Notes to a Detail Section Notes on sections and elevations follow rules established by the American Institute of Architects (AIA). weatherproofing. The size of the object is listed first. The border around the view will disappear. 1. The completed exercise Sections and Elevations s 329 . quantity.
R13. Enter 5 MIL VAPOR RETARDER. As you pull your cursor to the right. Click off the leader to terminate the text entry. Move the pointer up 11. From the Type list. 12. 8. On the Format panel. 6. 10. Enter RED CEDAR LAP SIDING . insulation. Enter 3/4" EXTERIOR GRADE PLYWOOD Click the lap siding to set the location of the SHEATHING. click Text. Finally. On the Annotate tab.4. Start the next text at the center area of the and to the right to set the location of the elbow. select Text: 3/32" Architectural Text. 330 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . click Two Segments. leader arrow as shown. you activate alignment lines to help create your next leader in line with the first one. 5.4" WEATHERING. Text panel. Architectural standards favor aligned notation. 9.Sections and Elevations . move the cursor to the right and click to Enter 3 1/2" FIBERGLASS BATT INSULATION place the text box. Start the next text at the vertical plywood board. Start the next text in the gap between the insulation and the interior wall. 7.
C. Start the next text at the floorboard. Enter 1" T&G PLYWOOD DECK.C. 17. 16. and an X rating means a level of fire resistance. Note: GWB is an acronym for Gypsum Wall Board.13. Enter 3/8" X 8" GALV ANCHOR BOLT @ 30" O. Click off the text to finish the entry. 18.. Note: PT signifies Pressure Treated. Start the next text at the 2 X 10 horizontal lumber below the floorboard. CONT is short for Continuous. Enter 2 x 10 WD JOISTS @ 16" O. Sections and Elevations s 331 . Enter 2 X 10 WD RIM JOIST.C. Start the next text at the 2 X 4 lumber. 15. Keep text notes from covering the lines of the graphics. as the second line of text. Click ENTER to start a second line of text. 14.TYPE X. 19. O. 20. You can use the grips to rearrange your notes so that they are neater and closer together. Enter 2 X 4 WOOD STUDS @ 16" O.C. Start the next text at the 2 X 10 vertical lumber below the floorboard. Start the next text at the interior wall. Start the next text at the anchor bolt.. Start the next text at the baseboard. . Enter 2 x 10 PT WD SILL PLATE CONT. or wood treated with preservative against rot. Enter 1 X 4 PAINT GRADE BASEBOARD. Enter 5/8" GWB . Note: T&G signifies tongue and groove. is an acronym for On Center.
Save the file as Unit8_foundation_detail_complete. Galvanizing is a zinc-based coating applied to steel to protect it from rust and corrosion.Sections and Elevations .. 23. Note: CONC signifies concrete. 22. you used the Text tool to place a series of detail notes. Click Modify.Note: GALV signifies galvanized. 21. Start the next text at the anchor bolt below the floorboard. In this exercise. 332 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Click Zoom to Fit. Click ENTER to start a second line.rvt. Enter 8" CONC FOUNDATION WALL . Enter SEE STRUCTURAL DWGS FOR DETAILS.
Highlight your title block. Sections and Elevations s 333 .Exercise: Place a Section View on a Sheet Once you have created your detail. Right-click. 5. In the Select a Titleblock dialog box. you create a new sheet with your custom title block.rfa title block you created in Unit 3. highlight Sheets. The completed exercise Add a New Sheet 1. Adjust breaklines at the bottom and left sides to display closer to the foundation wall as shown. section. click Load. you will want to add the views to a sheet. 2. In this exercise. and locate the detail view on it. 6. Click New Sheet. The new sheet becomes the current view. In the Project Browser. This file is also available in the courseware datasets. 4. Click OK to exit the dialog box. 3. Open or continue working in Unit8_foundation_detail_complete. You can use a combination of the grip controls and the Move command. Open the view Detail at Foundation Sill. or elevation view. Click Open. Locate the A-Landscape.rvt.
Sections and Elevations . Select a Level Line. click Hide Crop Region.7. Double-click the new sheet in the Project Browser to open that view. In the Project Browser. close to the crop border. 9. click Show Crop Region. On the View Control Bar. select view Detail at Foundation. On the View Control Bar. Drag the left and bottom sides of the view crop close to the wall-floor join as shown. Drag it to the right. Click the control at its left end. 8. Drag and drop the view onto the sheet. 334 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Both Level ends will move together. You are making the section view more compact so it fits easily on the new sheet.
301. For Name.rvt. For Number. you: s Created a new sheet. In the Project Browser. highlight the new sheet. Sections and Elevations s 335 . Click OK. Zoom into the title block and update the values as needed. s Adjusted the properties and layout of the detail view. s Modified the label values in the title block. 13. 12. enter S. Right-click.10. In this exercise. Save as Unit8_foundation_detail_sheet. Click Zoom to Fit. Click Rename. enter Detail at Foundation Sill. 11. s Added your detail section view to the sheet.
It is defined by the green dotted line. Right-click. s Add any necessary dimensions. Click the Annotations tab. s Add slope indication for roof. 336 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . s Add material notes.rvt located in the courseware datasets folder. s Create filled regions for exterior elements as needed. The elevation markers are now visible. south. The completed exercise Create an Exterior Elevation 1. 4. Open ADA_Elevations. Enter VG to bring up the Visibility/Graphics dialog box. Click Zoom to Fit. 5. Open Floor Plans > Ground Floor. 2. The steps to create an exterior elevation are: s Set the display for your elevation to Hidden Line. When you create a project with a template. s Set the display for building components as needed. east. You can now see the region defined by the west elevation marker. 2. four elevation views are included: north. Select the point of the west elevation marker (the one located to the left of the building with the arrowhead pointing east).Sections and Elevations . Turn On Elevation Markers 1. 3. and west. Select Elevations.Exercise: Create an Exterior Elevation Elevation views are part of the default template in Revit Architecture. 6. Click OK.
On the Annotations tab. Enter VG to open the Visibility/Graphics dialog box for this view. 5. 3.2. On the Modelling tab. Sections and Elevations s 337 . clear Planting. Switch to an Elevation View 1. On the View Control Bar. Next. 4. adjust the display so you can use this view on a sheet. Enable the visibility of Levels 6. clear Sections. Double-click the west elevation arrowhead to activate the west elevation view. Click OK to exit the dialog box. click Visual Style > Hidden Line.
Exterior Stucco. 338 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . you activated an elevation view. Select the Material field for Layer 1. In the Type Properties dialog box. click to open the list. Select the wall. It will be identified as Condo .rvt. Both visible instances of the stucco wall update their display to show a pattern. Hover your cursor over one of the walls with no surface pattern. modified its display.7. Click OK to exit all dialog boxes. click Edit Type. 13. Save the file as Unit8_elevation. 12. On the Properties palette. 9. and modified the wall display characteristics. select Edit in the Structure field. In Surface Pattern.Sections and Elevations . Click the button that displays to select a material. In this exercise. Select Sand. 8. Click Zoom to Fit. 10. 11.
or methods of installation. 3. quantity.rvt. 2. In the Type Selector. 4. then the name of the material and any additional information about spacing. 5. set the Type to Text: 1/4" text. Enter TX. you can use the description indicated in the status bar and tooltip to assist you in writing your material note.Exercise: Add Text Notes to an Exterior Elevation In this exercise. Set the Leader type to One Segment. Hover the cursor over the foundation wall region. The completed exercise Add Text Notes 1. The size of the object is listed first. Open or continue working in Unit8_elevation. Sections and Elevations s 339 . Add a note for the foundation. Add a note for the stone wall. If you pause the cursor over each element you need to identify. you add text notes to your exterior elevation using the Text tool. Material notes should follow the same rules as notes on other views.
Add a note for the brick wall. you added text notes to your exterior elevation. 8.rvt. In this exercise. Add a note for the roof.6. Add a note for the exterior stucco.Sections and Elevations . 340 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Save the file as Unit8_elevation_annotated. 9. 7.
Dimension panel. You can drag points on the slope indicator using the handles. On the Options Bar. 3. select Triangle.Exercise: Add Slope Annotations In this exercise. you add slope indicators to an elevation view to specify roof pitch. 6. Sections and Elevations s 341 . Use Zoom In Region to zoom into the upper left of the roof. 4. Click again to locate the slope indicator. For Offset from Reference. from the Slope Representation list. Click to select the roof line. click Spot Slope. 1. enter 1/8". 2. 5. Place the cursor over the roof line as shown. Open or continue working in Unit8_elevation_annotated.rvt. On the Annotate tab. The completed exercise Add Slope Annotations You apply slope notes and dimensions to an exterior elevation.
Place the cursor over the roof line to the right as shown. Dimension panel. Click Modify. Set the Place Dimensions option to Wall faces.7. Use the flip arrows if you have put it on the wrong side of the roof line. On the Annotate tab. 342 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . Click to locate the slope indicator. 9. Place slope indicators on the remaining roofs 8. 11. click Aligned. 10. Drag the left side to the right so both slope indicators are clearly readable. Click to select the roof line.Sections and Elevations .
12. The west elevation now contains material notes. It is important that notes in sections and elevations do not cover the graphics. and vertical dimensions. Sections and Elevations s 343 . 14. 13.rvt. leaders. slope indicators. you created slope indicators and added vertical dimensions. Save as Unit8_elevation_complete. Click to the left of the building to place the dimension. and dimensions for clarity. In this exercise. select wall breaks and levels. Arrange notes. To create a continuous dimension as shown.
Open or continue working in Unit8_elevation_complete. Highlight the view. In the Project Browser. 344 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . dimensions. 2. you create an interior elevation of a bathroom. This view was already defined in the drawing. special closets. Click Open View.Exercise: Create an Interior Elevation Interior elevations show surface materials.rvt. locate the Elevations > Interior Bathroom Elevation view. In this exercise. or special features that may not show clearly in plans.Sections and Elevations . A dialog box displays listing the Floor Plan: 2nd Floor as the referring view. equipment rooms. Click Find Referring Views. 3. Most interior elevations are for bathrooms. The completed exercise Create an Interior Elevation 1. and cabinetry. Right-click. kitchens.
7. click Aligned. s s s s Click Duplicate. click OK. Right-click. Click the value field for Units Format 8. An elevation marker is visible in one of the bathrooms. 5. Click Go to Elevation View to open the Interior Elevation view. Set the Rounding to To the Nearest 1/4". Dimension panel. Select Suppress 0 Feet. In the Name box. On the Annotate tab. Click OK two times to clear the dialog boxes. Click Element Properties > Type Properties. This is the elevation marker that defines the Interior Bathroom Elevation.4. Sections and Elevations s 345 . The arrowhead of the elevation marker is active. 6. Clear Use Project Settings. You can see the crop region and boundaries of the elevation indicated by the green dashed line.
You modified a dimension style. Save as Unit8_elevation_interior.Sections and Elevations . Use 3/32" text with two segment leaders.9. In this exercise. detail the interior section. 10. 346 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . you navigated between the elevation marker and the elevation view. Using the Text and Dimension tools.rvt. and added dimensions and text to the interior elevation.
Walls c. s Create filled regions. c.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture unit. Not in Contract c. it depends. Nobody in Charge d. s Navigate between elevation markers and elevation views. a. Bathrooms and kitchens b. The title of an exterior elevation refers to: a. Either one. Interior elevations are usually used to detail: a. The direction the viewer is facing. True b. d. b. s Create a section view. Indicate the location of doors and windows. you learned to: s Create an elevation view. s Modify the boundaries of a section or elevation. s Create slope annotations. is always the true orientation. Describe the exterior materials found on the structure. b. s Create material annotations. The direction the structure is facing. 4. such as north. c. Show the relationships between elements. Cabinetry d. The orientation of the exterior elevation. All of the above 5. False 3. The abbreviation NIC signifies: a. 2. General Questions 1. Not in Concrete b. Nothing Inside Cabinets Summary/Questions s 347 . All of the above. The main purpose of an exterior elevation is to: a. s Place a section or elevation view on a sheet.
On the View tab. North 3. The height of the view.Revit Architecture Questions 1. b. Element properties c. To indicate finish materials on exterior elevations. Drag and drop the view from the Project Browser. The dotted line indicates: a. You should indicate roof slopes in exterior elevations. c. The Visual Style of the view. a. To add an elevation or section view to a sheet: a. South d. b and c. East b. Sun and Shadow b. True b. All of the above 348 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 8 . True b. b. a. Which elevation is it? a. 4. but not a 6. you use: a. Filled regions with hatch patterns d. Right-click. Highlight the sheet in the Project Browser. False 5. The detail level of the view. West c. Elevation Views are part of the default template in Revit Architecture. The boundaries of the view. click Sheet Composition > View. d. False 2. d.Sections and Elevations . c. The elevation marker shown is located to the left and outside of the floor plan of a structure. Click Add View.
4. you will be able to: s Create a schedule. 3. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create a Room Schedule. s Export a schedule. (Student) Complete Exercise: Add Room Tags. (Student) Evaluate Students. 2. s Load a schedule tag. s Reformat a schedule. (Student) Complete Exercise: Export a Schedule. 6. (Evaluation) Introduction s 349 .Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 9 .Schedules About This Unit After completing this Autodesk Revit Architecture unit. Review Schedules. 5. Lesson Plan 1. (Discussion) Complete Exercise: Create a Window Schedule.
you will be able to: s s Describe the different types of schedule tables and why they are used. The following image shows a floor plan with door tags that reference the doors listed on the door schedule. After completing this lesson. 350 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 .Schedules . Explain why schedule tags are used in a set of construction documents.About Schedules About This Lesson This lesson explains the different types of schedule tags and tables that are used on the construction documents of a building plan.
such as reference number. Schedule Tables A schedule table is a list or table of information that defines specific building objects in your architectural plan. about the building objects in your architectural plan. technology. The following image is an example of a schedule that displays information about the rooms in a residential building project. About Schedules s 351 . height. and thickness. width. Technology. Some of these building objects include. This lesson relates to science. engineering. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. and math standards. Engineering. To review the list of standards for each lesson.column format heading instance label schedule tag schedule table symbol Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. but are not limited to: s Doors s Windows s Rooms s Structural members s Cabinets s Lights s Plumbing fixtures Schedule tables are used in a set of building plans to display information. and Language Arts. Math (STEM).
352 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . However. s Type (or Quantity) schedules list the quantity of each object type used in the plan. and Matrix (or Dot) schedules.Schedules . While the tabulated schedules in offices may vary in layout.Schedules help you keep accurate track of quantities and types of materials and individual components. so you can reduce waste and specify energy-efficient items. There are different types of schedule tables. each listing information in a different way: Type (or Quantity). Instance. the same primary information is included. The schedules are used for ordering materials and keeping track of inventory. some firms prefer to keep all of the schedules on a separate sheet. Placement of Schedules Whenever possible. the door and window schedules should be on the floor plan sheet with the door and windows being listed. depending on the style of the architectural firm. Types of Schedules Schedules are typically presented in tabulated form.
s Matrix (or Dot) schedules have a column heading for each of any specified object property. A marker is displayed in the schedule table cell to indicate that the listed quantity or instance of the object has the property identified. About Schedules s 353 .s Instance schedules list each instance or occurrence of an object in a building plan.
Using the software. Other letters are P for plumbing. the symbols for lighting and plumbing fixtures have been standardized by the American Institute of Architects (AIA) and the Uniform Building Code (UBC). Students should become familiar with these basic symbols. Door and window bubbles should be different shapes to avoid confusion. or square may be used as the bubble to label a door or window. Like schedules. However. window. 354 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 .Schedules . Use of Symbols in Schedules Symbol designations for doors and windows can vary. To clarify the reading of the floor plan. hexagon. these tags can be placed automatically or manually. and room tags in the floor plan of a residential building project. A circle. and A for appliances. the letter D at the top of a door symbol and the letter W at the top of the window symbol are often used. E for electrical. many users use custom tags with shapes and designators to label their doors and windows.Schedule Tags Schedule tags are used throughout a set of building plans to reference building objects to the data listed in schedules. The following image shows door.
s Add room tags. equipment. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. Schedule information in Autodesk® Revit® Architecture software is drawn from the properties and parameters of the building model objects themselves and displayed in tags that are attached to the building components. s Export a schedule. To review the list of standards for each lesson. and math standards. Revit has several tag families preloaded into project templates with other tag families available as needed. technology. hardware. Schedules s 355 . Schedules list items such as doors. Math (STEM). Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. you will be able to: s Create a window schedule. windows. s Create a room schedule. materials. Technology. and you can create your own schedules. rooms.Schedules About This Lesson After completing this lesson. Key Terms parameter properties schedule tag Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Schedules in Revit Architecture Architectural schedules are used for collecting and reporting information about components in a building project. Project templates include preset schedules. drawing sheets—anything that can be put in a list. engineering. Engineering. and Language Arts. This lesson relates to science.
You sort the schedule by two of the parameters.Schedules . and you set the schedule to display totals. Open ADA_Window_Schedules. you change the schedule format to a Type schedule. you create a window schedule in an existing project using an existing window schedule family. This area of the floor plan shows three types of tags: s Door Tag The completed exercise Create a Window Schedule 1.Exercise: Create a Window Schedule In this exercise. Zoom into the lower left of the building as shown. 2.rvt. The file opens to the view Floor Plan: flr 3. s Room Tag 356 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 .
click Create panel > Schedules > Schedule/Quantities. select Comments. a list of all the component categories for creating schedules is displayed. Schedules s 357 . Type Mark. Click Add. 3. Height. Level. On the View tab. 4. You set up and change schedules in the Schedule Properties dialog box. Revit Architecture names the new schedule Window Schedule by default and makes it a building component schedule. Add Count. Select Windows from the list. Continue to add fields to the schedule. 7. and Width.s Window Tag 5. Accept the options and click OK to begin defining the schedule properties. The field moves to the Scheduled Fields column on the right. The Fields tab organizes the fields of data into columns in the schedule. In the Category list of the New Schedule dialog box. In Available Fields. 6.
from left to right. 9. Select the fields. 358 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . Click OK to finish the schedule. A view opens with the schedule you just defined. Move the fields so they display in the order shown.Schedules . Use Move Up or Move Down to arrange them in the order you want them displayed in the schedule.8. The Window Schedule is now listed under Schedules/Quantities in the Project Browser.
Revit reads and reports the window properties according to the parameters you selected. On the Properties palette for the schedule view. Click OK to exit Schedule Properties. Schedules s 359 . 2. click Edit for Sorting and Grouping. Note how the schedule is now sorted by Type Mark. select Type Mark. but without any useful calculations yet. The Schedule Properties dialog box opens to the Sorting/Grouping tab. 1.Group and Sort Schedules This schedule is a list of all the windows in the building. Select Blank Line. From the Sort By list. 3.
In the lower left corner of the dialog box.Change from Instance to Type Schedule The schedule still lists each window instance separately. In order to calculate the total number of windows. Click OK to exit Schedule Properties. The schedule still does not show totals by window type. in the Then By sorting field. Notice how the schedule has changed. On the Sorting/Grouping tab. To see how many windows of each type appear on each floor (useful information for installers) you add another level of sorting. 1. you can have the schedule report this.Schedules . click Edit. In the Project Browser. On the Properties palette. Rather than make a manual calculation. 3. click the schedule name. for Sorting/ Grouping. 360 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . 2. you change the instance schedule to a type schedule. 4. select Level. in this case). The Properties palette shows the properties for the selected view (the same as the view in the drawing window. clear Itemize Every Instance.
Count. you: s Created a schedule using an existing schedule family. s Set the schedule to display category totals. s Changed the schedule from an Instance to Type schedule. 6. for Sorting/ Grouping. This schedule now display totals for each Type Mark. Save as Unit9_window_schedule. In this exercise. and Totals. Click OK twice to finish this round of schedule edits. Schedules s 361 . s Sorted the schedule by two of the parameters. On the Properties palette. The totals for each window type now display. select Title. On the Sorting/Grouping tab. click Edit 7.rvt. From the list. select Footer.5.
rvt. Open ADA_Room_Tags.Exercise: Add Room Tags The room tags in Revit Architecture enable you to define and collect information about rooms and spaces that is useful in many ways. you place room tags in an office building model to determine the amount of square footage in each room. Click Insert tab > Load from Library panel > Load Family. and wall finishes are all examples of room information that can be collected on schedules. If a dialog box displays asking to overwrite an existing definition. On the Home tab. In this exercise. 362 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . Room size. You have loaded in a newer family file than the one loaded into the sample project.Schedules . based on the amount of space in each room. 3. click Room > Room. One of a facility manager's duties is to manage the space in an office building. 4. Click Open. 5.rfa in the Imperial/Annotations folder. Room & Area panel. click Overwrite the Existing Version. Door tags and some window tags have already been placed in this plan. The completed exercise Add Room Tags 1. ceiling type. A facility manager determines the best use of rooms. Locate the file named Room Tag. floor type. occupancy. 2. Activate view Floor Plan: Level 1.
7. Place a room tag in each room in the floor plan. The tag displays at the end of your cursor. Room & Area panel. select Room Tag: Room Tag With Area. 6. Click Modify to terminate the placement. a total of 7.In the Type Selector. Schedules s 363 . Zoom in to see that the room tags have automatically calculated the area of each room. 8. On the Home tab. The big open hallway includes two different types of spaces that should display separately on the room schedule. click Room > Room Separation Line. and in the hall as shown.
Select Room #2. 11. s Click the Room text. 10. Draw a line across the hallway as shown below. 364 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . click Room. The room tag updates. An edit box activates. The cursor changes to sketch mode. On the Room & Area panel. Hold the cursor so the diagonal lines indicating the room object highlight. s Change the word Room to Manager. Click Room Tag 1 so it highlights. 13. 12. Click Modify.Schedules . s Click away from the tag to exit the edit box. Place a room tag below the room separation line.9. The area value for Room 7 updates.
In this exercise. s Added a room separation. s Tagged various objects. 15. enter Sales. Change the names for the rest of the rooms as follows: s Room 3: Accounting s Room 4: Repairs s Room 5: Storage s Room 6: Conference s Room 7: Hallway s Room 8: Showroom 16. This is an alternate way to edit room tag information. Save the file as Unit9_rooms. for Name. s Changed room tag field values. you: s Loaded a room tag. On the Properties palette. Schedules s 365 .14.rvt.
Open or continue working in Unit9_rooms. The field names move to the Scheduled Fields pane in order. 6. The New Schedule dialog box displays. 4. Click the Sorting/Grouping tab.Exercise: Create a Room Schedule In this exercise.Schedules . Click Add--> after each selection. and Area to be included in your schedule. 2. click Schedules > Schedule/Quantities. Create a Room Schedule 1. Click OK. you create a room schedule based on the room tags you added and modified in a building model. In the Available Fields pane. select Number. 3. Name.rvt. enter Square Footage Report. 366 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . For Name. The completed exercise 5. Move fields up or down as needed to reach the arrangement shown. Create panel. Set the Sort By value to Number. On the View tab. Select the Rooms schedule from the Category list. The Schedule Properties dialog box opens to the Fields tab.
s Set Alignment to Right. clear Use Project Settings. s Set Units to Square Feet. 9. Change the Heading to No. s Set Rounding to 0 decimal places. Click OK. In the Format dialog box. s Select Calculate Totals. Schedules s 367 .7. s Click Field Format. Click the Formatting tab. 8. Select Grand Totals. Highlight the Area field. 10. Highlight the Number field. This is located at the bottom of the dialog box. Select Title and Totals from the list. s Set Unit Symbol to SF.
Schedules . You can use your cursor to adjust the column widths. s Reformatted the schedule title and column display. In this exercise. 12. you: s Created a room schedule. Click OK to exit the dialog box.rvt. s Totaled one of the columns.11. Save as Unit9_room_schedule. 368 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . Revit Architecture opens the schedule view.
Delimited means that each field in the schedule is identified as being a separate piece of information by inserting characters. you export the room schedule to a text file. Verify that the active view is schedule Square Footage Report. Verify that the data exported properly to a TXT file. Click Save. 5. 6. locate the file you created. This affects how other applications read the contents of the text file you are about to create. Accept (tab) as the Field Delimiter and " as the Text Qualifier.txt) file. This format is read by nearly all data processing applications. The file is created. The completed exercise Export a Schedule 1. You can save the data in a delimited text (*. Browse to a directory to save your report. Schedules s 369 . Double-click it to open it. click > Export > Reports > Schedule. 2. 4. Open or continue working in Unit9_room_schedule. On the application menu. 3. Click OK. You can then use this file in other applications. Note the formatting that has been applied. Using your Windows Explorer.rvt.Exercise: Export a Schedule In this exercise.
Schedules . 370 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . Do not save the changes to the Revit Architecture project file. you exported your schedule data to a TXT file. You can readily import the TXT file into a spreadsheet program.7. In this exercise. 8. The following illustration is from Microsoft Excel. Close the text file.
None of the above. Which of the following schedule types lists each occurrence of an object in a building plan? a. False 4. s Export a schedule. b. c. s Load a schedule tag. True b. a. False Summary/Questions s 371 . A list of information that defines specific building objects. True b. d. you learned to: s Create a schedule. 2. Type b. Schedule tags are used though a set of building plans to reference building objects to the data listed in schedules. A list of sheets used in a project. Quantity c. a. Matrix d. s Reformat a schedule. Questions 1.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture unit. Door and window bubbles should be different shapes to avoid confusion. Instance 3. s Place a schedule tag. What is a schedule table? a. A timetable that keeps track of when certain building phases will occur.
View c. Annotate tab b. all of the above 372 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 9 . TXT b. CSV d. use the ____ . Exported schedules are created in which of the following file formats? a. Annotate b. To export a schedule. a. a.Schedules . Manage tab 3. Home d.Revit Architecture Questions 1. XLS c. View tab c. Application menu d. Modify 2. Schedules are created from the ____ tab.
4. Revit Architecture will export object category and material information from a building model into DWG™ or FBX files that can be read by Autodesk® 3ds Max® Design software. 2. The Rendering dialog box active in 3D views contains tools and commands for the internal rendering module. Review Visualization. Lesson Plan 1.Visualization 3D views of Autodesk® Revit® Architecture models can be turned into presentation images in a number of ways.Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 10 . (Student) Evaluate Students. (Discussion) Complete Exercise: Export a Building Model to 3ds Max Design. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create a Walkthrough in Revit Architecture. 5. 3. (Student) Complete Exercise: Render a Model in Revit Architecture. (Evaluation) Introduction s 373 .
374 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . and export images from the walkthrough to an external animation file. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. s Place a camera.Visualization About This Lesson In this lesson. s Play a walkthrough. Finally. you will be able to: s Orient walls and windows. This lesson relates to technology and engineering standards. Technology. Key Terms AVI camera compression DWG keyframe material media player orientation path raytrace resolution walkthrough Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. s Export a walkthrough. or camera on a path.Visualization . s Create and edit a walkthrough. s Assign materials. Engineering. you learn how to prepare a Revit model for export to an external rendering engine. The animation file can be played in any media player. To review the list of standards for each lesson. s Export an FBX file. s Add planting components. After completing this lesson. s Apply shading to a view. s Export a DWG file. You also render a view of a model using tools in Revit. s Create a raytrace rendering. you create a walkthrough. s Orient walls and windows. and Language Arts. Math (STEM).
rvt.Exercise: Export a Building Model to 3ds Max Design Prepare the Model Revit Architecture software contains its own rendering module that creates still images and 1. Assign materials. You create a rendering and a walkthrough this file in Unit 2. You worked on animations. s Make a camera view the active view. To prepare your model for rendering. You can also export a Revit model to DWG format. Most Revit materials are translated into 3ds Max Design materials and assigned to the 3ds Max Design scene objects. Revit Architecture can export models into FBX format. and these files can be imported into 3ds Max Design. A linked file can be reloaded into 3ds Max Design to capture changes in the original. s s 2. It is important to note that 3ds Max Design cannot directly import or link to native Revit Architecture (RVT) files. A copy is also available in the in the next exercises. which can then be linked into 3ds Max Design. courseware datasets. Open Unit2_custom_family. Many firms export 3D models for rendering and/or animation in separate programs such as Autodesk 3ds Max Design. The completed exercise Visualization s 375 . You will follow these steps as a general rule whether you render the model in Revit Architecture or prepare the project for export. You can make changes to your Revit Architecture model and see those changes in 3ds Max Design. The FBX file will contain 3ds Max Design scene objects that correspond directly to individual Revit objects. Click Zoom to Fit. you need to: Check orientation of walls and windows. Open Floor Plan View Level 1.
verify that the Detail Level control on the View Control Bar at the bottom of the screen is set to Medium. 376 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . Use the Type Selector to change the wall type from Generic to Basic Wall: Exterior: Brick on Mtl. 5. Select one of the exterior walls. Stud. The wall display updates. The walls now display layers of materials. Select any exterior wall. For walls that show the arrows displayed on the inside.Visualization . Note the position of the blue double-headed alignment arrows. 4. 6. Right-click. The walls will probably not all be aligned with the exterior side to the outside. You changed the display Detail Level for this view in a previous exercise. All the exterior walls highlight in blue. Click Select All Instances > In Entire Project.3. If you do not see any change in the wall display. click the arrows to switch them to the exterior side.
Repeat the process for the windows. Click Change wall's orientation. select the icon at the right of the Materials field. Carefully check all the exterior walls and orient them correctly. Select the toposurface object. Select walls. Open the Default 3D view. Select Site: Grass. 8. In addition to using the control arrows. Right-click. Click OK. Visualization s 377 . you can: s s s 9. Check and adjust the alignment as necessary. On the Properties palette. 10.7.
On the application menu. click Import > Import. select Autodesk (*. Depending on your system resources.11. Save the file as Unit10_Export. for Files of type. 378 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . The remaining steps presume that you have 3ds Max Design installed. Select the file name. click Export > FBX. Navigate to the folder where you saved your FBX export. Select the Roof. Export the Model to FBX 1. Note the file location.rvt. Revit assigns a unique name to each output file using the current view. 2. This will filter the file list. The file opens in 3ds Max Design. and click Open. 12. In the Select File to Import dialog box. Open 3ds Max Design. Accept the default name that Revit assigns. On the application menu.Visualization . Since you may save many export views of a single project model for import into 3ds Max Design. you may want to close Revit before opening 3ds Max Design. Click OK in any notices and warnings. you have completed this exercise. Use the Type Selector to change it to Basic Roof: Wood Rafter 8": Asphalt Shingle: Insulated. If you do not have access to 3ds Max Design. 3.FBX).
4. The remaining steps presume that you have 3ds Max Design installed. In the Export CAD Formats dialog box. Visualization s 379 . Open or return to Revit. Export the Model to DWG 1. Note the file location. Accept the default name that Revit assigns. If necessary. On the application menu. click Export > CAD Formats > DWG. open Unit10_Export. There is no way to update it from Revit. If you do not have access to 3ds Max Design. 2. Close the file without saving. Depending on your system resources. Close 3ds Max Design if necessary to open Revit Architecture. click Next. you may want to close Revit before opening 3ds Max Design. you have completed this exercise.rvt. This imported file does not maintain a path to the original file. 3.
click References > File Link Manager. click Attach This File. open Unit10_Export. Close the File Link Manager. Close 3ds Max Design if necessary to open Revit Architecture. On the Attach tab of the File Link Manager. Navigate to the folder where you saved your DWG export. Select the file name. 5. Open or return to Revit. Open Floor Plan view Level 1. The file opens in 3ds Max Design. On the application menu. 8. Open 3ds Max Design. Save the 3ds Max Design file as Unit10_link.max.Visualization .rvt. 9. If necessary. 7. Select two windows as shown. click File. 6. Click Open. 380 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 .4. In the File Link Manager .
Save the file. Save the export file using the same name as before. Visualization s 381 . On the application menu. click Export > CAD Formats > DWG as before. 12. 11. Use the Type Selector to change the windows to Fixed: 36" x 72". In the dialog box. 13. Open the 3D view. The windows have updated.10. click Yes to confirm that you want to overwrite the existing file.
s Click OK in the dialog box that displays. s The dialog box displays an indication that the linked file has changed. Open the File Link Manager. In this exercise. s Changed the Type definition for two window instances in Revit Architecture and re-exported the DWG file. s Exported a DWG file from Revit Architecture. Open or return to 3ds Max Design.Visualization . s Changed a material definition.14. The linked file updates. Open the Files tab. Save and close the 3ds Max Design file. s Click Reload. s Reloaded the linked file in 3ds Max Design and observed the change. 15. s Close the File Link Manager. you: s Changed the type of all exterior walls in a project. s Linked the DWG file into 3ds Max Design. The windows have changed. 382 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . s Oriented walls and windows.
you can adjust both the scope of the view and the position of the camera. Place a Camera 1. You worked on this file in the previous exercise.Exercise: Render a Model in Revit Architecture Revit Architecture contains a complete rendering module. generate a rendering. change materials. click Camera. Pull the cursor up and to the right to locate the target behind the model. The View tab and Render dialog box hold tools to create presentation views of a project model.rvt. 2. and create a second rendering. Visualization s 383 . On the View tab. Open Unit10_Export. you place a camera in a model. 3. If you place the camera too close to the model. The completed exercise Click to place the camera to the lower left of the view. add plantings to the model. Create panel. Open the Site view. as shown. In this exercise.
Visualization . Click Show Camera. 7. On the View Control Bar. 5. The camera will be visible. select the camera and drag it farther away from the model. Open the Site view again. Move the dialog box so you can see the view window clearly. s s s s Open a floor plan view. Return to the perspective view. 384 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . Render Setup 1. click Show Rendering Dialog. Select the name of the perspective view you wish to adjust. 2. select Very Few Clouds. To adjust the camera position at any time: In the Background Style list. and a new 3D view named 3D View 1 displays in the Project Browser. Adjust the sides of the crop region border by selecting the blue control dots and dragging them closer to the model as shown. The camera perspective view opens.4. 6. Right-click. If necessary.
3. Accept the default settings for Quality.3. Place four instances of RPC Tree: Deciduous: Schumard Oak . s Click Render to create a new rendered image. On the Massing & Site tab. 2. Open the Site view.30' approximately as shown. and Lighting. Visualization s 385 . s Set the Quality Setting to Medium. Output Settings. Click Render. Model Site panel. Enhance the Model 1. s Click Render. s Adjust the positions of the trees (in the Site view) as necessary. Open view 3D View 1. Revit generates a raytrace image in the view. click Site Component.
In the Rendering dialog box. Change Materials 1. 2. click OK. In the Materials list. click Save to Project. Revit places the image in its own view. 386 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . click Show the Model. Select the roof.Wood Shake. In the Layer 1 Material field. In the Save to Project dialog box. Select an exterior wall. 5. click Edit Type. click the icon next to Roofing-Asphalt Shingle. In the Rendering dialog box. Click OK three times to exit the dialog box. select Roofing . 6. click Edit Type. 3. Click Edit in the Structure field.4. On the Properties palette. and you can now select elements for editing. On the Properties palette. 4. The model displays in the view.Visualization . 5.
8.Brick in the Layer 1 Material field. 7. Visualization s 387 . Click Edit in the Structure field. 9. Select the icon next to Masonry . Click the Render Appearance tab. Click Replace.10.
The new image is placed in its own view. 13.Visualization .11. Select Masonry . In this exercise.rvt. click Save to Project. In the Rendering dialog box. s Created a raytrace setup. Save the file as Unit10_render. Click OK. 12.Brick Uniform Running Brown. you: s Placed a camera in a plan view. click Render. s Placed site planting components in the model. These images are now available as options to present to a client. 15. You have previously worked on exporting images and printing. s Generated and captured a render image. s Edited materials in model components. 14. 388 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . s Generated and captured a second render image. In the Rendering dialog box. 16. Click OK four times to exit the dialog box.
2. s Right-click again. To place a key frame. Open floor plan view Level 1. click 3d View > Walkthrough. in a project model.rvt. s Edit the camera and path. click to the left of the model as shown. or frame. s Right-click. Click Zoom to Fit. you: s Create a walkthrough in a model. Visualization s 389 . The Options Bar displays walkthrough options. Click Zoom Out (2x). The camera and path can be edited. The status bar reads Click to Place Walkthrough Key Frame. 4. s Export the walkthrough to an animation file. The completed exercise Create a Walkthrough 1. 3. and exported individually. Open Unit10_render. A walkthrough places a camera on a path. In this exercise. s On the View tab. along the path can be viewed in different modes. Create panel. Each view. The cursor changes to a crosshair. The walkthrough is exported to an external animation file that can be viewed in any media player. or walkthroughs.Exercise Create a Walkthrough in Revit Architecture Revit Architecture can create animated camera views. rendered. s View the animation in a media player.
6. On the Modify | Walkthrough tab. Click the Previous Key Frame control to shift the control point. Adjust the previous key frame so the camera points at the building. The camera is located on the final key frame. so that the camera is pointing at the model. click Finish Walkthrough. Walkthrough panel. 8. Drag it to the left. Walkthrough panel. Select the direction control for the camera. click Edit Walkthrough. Repeat for all the key frames. Verify that Controls is set to Active Camera. 9.5.Visualization . 7. On the Modify | Cameras tab. 11. Place a total of six key frames around the building approximately as shown. 390 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . 10. The Options Bar changes.
If camera positions distort. Click Open. 13. Check the view in several key frames.12. change the edit choice from Path to Active camera and adjust camera directions as before. click Next Key Frame. Click Open Walkthrough to open the camera view at the selected Key Frame position. Click Edit Walkthrough. The path displays control dots at key frames. Open Floor Plan view Level 1. Edit the Walkthrough 1. Drag the path away from the model as shown. 3. Visualization s 391 . From the Controls list. 2. The camera is too close to the model to show it well. On the Walkthrough panel. select Path.
In the Length/Format dialog box. The walkthrough plays in the view window. Make Key Frame 1 the open frame. 392 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 .rvt. Click Play. On the application menu. select a video compression method to hold down file size. click Export > Images and Animations > Walkthrough. 2. Save the file as Unit10_Walkthrough. Click Save. Click OK. Export the Walkthrough 1. 3. click OK. 2. 4. In the Export Walkthrough dialog box.Play the Walkthrough 1. File Name. This may take a long time depending on your system resources. In the Video Compression dialog box. Revit generates the external AVI file. notice where you save the file.Visualization .
5. Use a different name for each animation file you generate so you can view each in your media player. You can also generate AVI files from this walkthrough using other visual styles. such as shaded or rendering. Double-click the new file name. Navigate to the folder in which you saved the AVI file. Plan your class time accordingly. 6. It plays in your media player. Generating a rendered AVI file takes a long time. Visualization s 393 .
If you have made changes to the building model. s Played the animation file in a media player. s Edited the path. you: s Created a walkthrough by placing a path.Visualization . 394 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 . save the Revit Architecture file. In this exercise. s Exported the walkthrough to an external file.7. s Adjusted camera positions at key frames along the path. s Played the walkthrough in Revit Architecture.
you use: a. Flip Orientation d. Align c. Questions 1. True b. s Add planting components. Print to File b. s Export an FBX file. s Orient walls and windows. s Export a walkthrough. you use: a. s Apply shading to a view. you learned to: s Orient walls and windows. True b. Save As > FBX c. Export > FBX 3. You can play a walkthrough in Revit Architecture.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture unit. False Summary/Questions s 395 . s Create a raytrace rendering. To change a wall so the exterior surface is on the outside. False Revit Architecture Questions 1. s Assign materials. View > Shading d. s Play a walkthrough. a. s Create and edit a walkthrough. False 2. a. To create a file format from a Revit Architecture model that 3ds Max Design can import. s Export a DWG file. Demolish 2. Split b. A Revit file can be imported directly into 3ds Max Design software. Materials that are assigned to objects in Revit have to be reassigned when you import the drawing into 3ds Max Design. s Place a camera. True b. a.
396 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 10 .Visualization .
Autodesk® Design Academy Unit 11 . Review structural columns. 3. beams and braces. 2. Lesson Plan 1.Structural About This Unit The Structure panel on the Home tab contains tools and commands for placing and modifying structural components. (Student) Evaluate Students. 4. (Student) Complete Exercise: Place Beam Systems and Braces. 6. You create column grids and use them to place structural columns and beams. beams. (Student) Complete Exercise: Create Column Grids. beam systems. and braces. (Student) Complete Exercise: Place Columns and Beams on Grids. 5. In the following exercises. The Datum panel enables you to place grids. (Discussion) Complete Exercise: Place Structural Columns and Beams. (Evaluation) Introduction s 397 . foundations. you learn how to place structural columns.
and other structural elements will be located in a building. Understanding building structure can help you reduce materials and energy usage. beams. For example. and can also make open internal spaces that are easier to heat and cool.Structural . posts and beams use fewer resources than walls. 398 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 .About Structural Members Structural members are used to show where columns. Columns The following image shows steel columns used to hold up the beams for a deck and awning.
Beams The following illustration displays the drawing details of a plywood web wood joist. About Structural Members s 399 .Braces The following image shows braces being used to hold up the walls of a garage during the framing process of building a house. Beams across the top of the garage are also shown.
The following illustrations show a column grid used to place columns. are placed will affect the placement of walls and the design of building spaces. Knowing where structural members.This joist can be added to a drawing to show where it should be used to construct the floor of a building as shown. 400 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . Column Grids Column grids are often used by architects and designers to plan a building design.Structural . walls. and other building objects. especially columns.
After completing this lesson. Place beam systems and braces. Math (STEM). This lesson also describes the purposes for using column grids when you design a building. To review the list of standards for each lesson. you will be able to: s s s s Place structural columns and beams. and Language Arts.Structural This lesson describes the different types of structural members and why they are used. Engineering. Sustainable design or "green" concepts are presented throughout this lesson. view the National Academic Standards Cross Reference PDF document. Place columns and beams on grids. This lesson relates to technology and engineering standards. Key Terms beam beam system brace column footing foundation girder grid bubble grid line joist purlin rafter Standards Autodesk® Design Academy curriculum meets content standards for Science. Create column grids. Technology. Structural s 401 .
The view has grid lines added to make column placement easier. or reinforced concrete.rvt from the courseware This can save weight and expense and provide wider datasets.Exercise: Place Structural Columns and Beams Place Columns Many building types use columns and beams rather than walls to hold up the structure of the building. this is known as post and beam construction. click Temporary Hide/Isolate . The lines in the deck surface pattern make locating the columns accurately a little difficult. wood. s Place beams around the perimeter of the floor. beams can be steel. They come in types defined by size and shape. In residential construction. 2.Structural . On the Build panel of the Home tab. spans without walls. Well-designed framing plans often include dimensioned grid lines to eliminate mistakes in construction. Structural columns can be steel. and the exterior walls of the building are light in weight. The Structure tab in Revit Architecture contains tools for placing structural members. The completed exercise 402 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . On the View Control Bar. As with columns. 3. Open Deck Framing. often mainly glass. Beams connect columns or walls. They provide support for floors and prevent movement of the columns. 1.Hide Category. Modern multistory buildings often use steel and concrete columns and steel beams to support floors. Concrete beams are often integrated into concrete floors. click Column > Structural Column. In this exercise. Structural columns are different elements from architectural columns. wood. Select a floor. or concrete. You place grid lines in an upcoming exercise. The file opens to a cropped plan view of an exterior wood deck. You create columns and beams to start a framing plan for the deck. you: s Place columns of different heights under a floor.
click Temporary Hide/ Isolate > Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate. In the Type Selector. On the View Control Bar. Click the edge of the left floor to select it. On the Options Bar. click Depth. 3A. 5. Structural s 403 . 8. Click the intersection of Grid 1 and Grid A. 6. select Dimension Lumber Column: 4x4. and 4B. The Properties palette displays the floor properties. The floor is 1" thick and set down from the Floor 1 level by 1".4. This floor is 1" thick and set down from the Floor 1 level by 8". Repeat at grid intersections 2A. This sends the column down from the current level rather than up. Click the edge of the right floor to select it. Click Modify to terminate the Column tool. 7.
Set their Top Offset to -0'-9". double-click view Framing Cutaway. and columns clearly. The columns are now hidden by the floors. Hold CTRL and select the other two columns. Click OK. Click off the columns to clear your selection set. 2. Use the Properties palette to set the Top Offset for the columns to -0'-2". Hold CTRL and select the two floors.9. Hold CTRL and select the two posts under the upper floor (on the right side of this view). 10.Structural . In the Project Browser. Click Hide In View > Element. Click OK. Right-click. 404 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . Zoom in so you can see the deck. rail. Place Beams 1. Open Plan View Deck Framing. 11.
In the Type Selector. click the intersection of Grid 1 and the wall. select Chain. On the Options Bar. select Dimension Lumber: 2 x 10. 4. To place beams: Structural s 405 . Click. s In the view window. click Beam. Structure panel. s Pull the cursor up along Grid 1 to the intersection of Grid A.3. On the Structure tab. 5.
Click.s Pull the cursor right along Grid A to Grid 2. set Start Level Offset and End Level Offset to -0'-2" to lower the beams as you lowered the column tops.Structural . Click. s Pull the cursor down along Grid 2 to the wall face. 6. Click Modify. 406 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . 7. Hold CTRL and select the new beams. On the Properties palette.
s Place a beam from A2 to A3. 11. On the Properties palette. Click OK. Click. set Start Level Offset and set End Level Offset to -0'-9"-0'-9" 10. click Beam. 12.rvt. Click Modify. you: s Placed columns of different heights under floors. Structural s 407 .8. If a Warning dialog box that opens. Click on grid intersection B4. s Pull the cursor down Grid 4 to the wall. Hold CTRL and select the new beams. s Placed beams of different elevations around the perimeter of the floors. Open view Framing Cutaway to verify that the beams are below the deck. Save the file as Deck Beams. To place other beams: s On the Structure tab. 9. click Make Wall Bearing. s Enter SI to force a Snap Intersection. Structure panel. In this exercise. as shown.
Open Plan View Deck Framing.rvt. 2. You worked on this file in the previous exercise. Structure panel. 3. Vertical bracing prevents sideways movement of structural frames. The completed exercise 5. s Place braces. click Beam System. Place Beam Systems 1. you: s Place beam systems. You place vertical bracing in elevation views. On the Structure tab. This system saves time when preparing framing plans. or number of beams in a bay.Exercise: Place Beam Systems and Braces You can place beams in defined systems that fill areas between girders. distance. These areas are known as bays in a structural framing plan.Structural . 408 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . Click the beam on Grid 1. Open Deck Beams. A sketch line with parallel lines on each side appears. A beam system is an array of beams governed by layout rules that specify the spacing. On the Draw panel of the Modify | Create Beam System Boundary context tab that activates. click No. If a dialog box opens about loading Beam Systems tags. In the Beam System panel of the Modify | Place Structural Beam System context tab. click Sketch Beam System. 4. A copy is also available in the courseware datasets. This is the direction indicator for the beam system. click Pick Supports. In this exercise.
On the Draw panel. Click the left beam on Grid A and the beam on Grid 2. 7. Structural s 409 . Draw a line on the face of the wall. as shown. Use Trim if necessary to finish the sketch correctly. click Line.6.
Trim as necessary. s s On the Draw panel. s Set Maximum Spacing to 1' . 10. s Set Layout Rule to Maximum Spacing. 410 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . set Elevation to -0'-9". Open view Framing Cutaway to verify that the beam systems are under the floor. s s s On the Draw panel. Click Make Wall Bearing if the warning opens. set the following parameters: s Set Elevation to -0' .2". Click the beam on Grid 2. click Pick Supports. 11. On the Properties palette.6".8. s 9. Click Finish. On the Properties palette. click Create Similar. Click the other beams in order clockwise to the right.Structural . click Line. On the Mode panel. To place a beam system in the lower floor: s On the Create panel of the Modify | Structural Beam Systems tab. Carefully trace the wall faces to finish the sketch. click Finish (green check).
On the Structure tab. Open Plan View Deck Framing. set the Detail Level of the view to Medium. Click to place the elevation. It has an automatic work plane. 2. click Elevation > Framing Elevation. A framing elevation ignores walls and snaps to grids. 3. 5.Place Braces 1. double-click Interior Elevation view 1-a. click Brace. unlike regular elevations. Structural s 411 . On the View Control Bar. Create panel. 4. Place the cursor over Grid A so the elevation marker displays above the grid line between Grids 2 and 3. as shown. In the Project Browser. On the View tab. Adjust the view crop region as shown. Structure panel.
In the Type Selector. Click Modify. select Dimension Lumber: 2 x 4. Repeat the brace going right to left. 9. click the intersection of Grid 3 and the bottom edge of the beam. Click the bottom of the column on Grid 2 to finish the brace. 412 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . In the view window. 7.6. to start the brace.Structural . 8.
Open view Framing Cutaway to verify the brace location.10. you: s Placed beam systems. Save the file as Deck structure.rvt. Structural s 413 . 11. In this exercise. s Placed braces.
and section views. you can add grid lines as straight lines or arcs. s s In the view window. You can change a grid number at any time. Only straight grid lines are visible in elevation and section views. s Place grid lines to create a semi-circular column grid. You will create a complex column grid so that you can place columns and beams to make a structural model. elevation. click in the lower left to start a grid line. In this exercise. The completed exercise Click to place the end of the grid line. Grid lines appear in all views where they cross the plane of the view.Structural . Datum panel.Exercise: Create Column Grids Create a Rectangular Column Grid Grids form the basic framework for structure in a building model. click Grid. 2. A line shows a grid bubble with a number in it. Grids are finite vertical planes represented as lines in plan. and walls. but they can also be angular and radial. To place a grid line: s On the Home tab. The exact length is not critical. This is a common step early in designing a large building. Pull the cursor straight up. you: s Place grid lines to create a rectangular column grid. The numbering automatically increments. beams. Grid lines are usually horizontal and 1. as shown. The exact location is not critical. s 414 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . Grid datasets. Open ADA_Grids from the courseware vertical. lines are displayed on plans and elevations specifically for locating columns. In plan views.
Structural s 415 .3. The Grid tool is still active. Put the cursor over the start of the grid line and pull to the right until the temporary dimension reads 30' -0". Click to start another grid line. Click to place a new grid line. The alignment line will show when the cursor is even with the grid line start point. Pull the cursor straight up until the alignment snap shows that it is even with the head of the first grid line. 4.
416 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . s s s s s Click anywhere to establish a start point. The new grid line will be number 3. Click inside the grid bubble to activate the name field. Enter 30 at the keyboard to set the copy distance to 30'-0". Pull the cursor to the left. Zoom in so you can clearly see the grid bubble.Structural . Enter A at the keyboard. To create a horizontal grid line: s On the Create panel. s Select Grid Line 2. When the cursor is to the left of grid line 1. Press ENTER. 6. click Create Similar to start the Grid tool. s s s s Place the cursor to the right of grid line 4. You need crossing grid lines to make a column grid. Repeat to create grid line 4. click Copy. s Press SPACEBAR to terminate selection. You will not need to select or use SPACEBAR. 7. Click to start a grid line. click to place the grid line.5. close to the heads. The new grid line is number 5. Grid 3 is already the selection set. Pull the cursor to the right. To make copies of the new grid line: s On the Modify panel of the context tab. Press ENTER.
s Click Copy. 10. s Click to place the grid line. Click in the bubble for the new grid line. click the elbow control to place an offset. Place two more horizontal grid lines below grid B at 20'-0" intervals. The Grid tool is still active. Structural s 417 . The grid bubbles overlap and are hard to read. This grid line will be number B. Click outside the bubble to enter the number.8.1. 11. s Select grid 2. Change the number to 2. This completes the main grid. 9.1 is still selected. Grid 2. Click Modify to terminate the Copy tool. Place another grid 20'-0" below the first one. To place a secondary grid line: s Click Modify to terminate grid placement. s Click anywhere and pull the cursor 3'-0" to the right. On the grid line.
On the Options Bar. Click to place the grid head. Zoom to Fit. Click in the new grid bubble. select Center-Ends Arc. On the Home tab. click Radius. Press ENTER. Create panel. s s Click grid intersection D3. s Click to start the grid line. set Offset to 15'-0". 418 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . click Grid. enter 15. To place a radial grid line: s s s 2. 4. click Pick. Pull the cursor down and to the left so the temporary arc dimension reads 135.Create a Radial Column Grid 1. On the Draw panel. Revit will convert this to 15'-0". The Grid tool is still active.000 o . Pull the cursor to the right until the alignment line appears. On the Draw panel.Structural . On the Options Bar. 3. In the Radius field. Change the number to EE.
Click to place grid FF. 6. Structural s 419 . Select grid 3 to show its controls. Grid 3 will be part of the new radial grid. You will need to identify it easily.5. Click Modify to terminate the Grid tool. This makes it easy to stretch grid lines together. Click the padlock to unlock the grid line. Place the cursor over grid EE so that the placement line displays below the grid line. Select the Show Bubble control to activate the bubble at the lower end of grid 3. Drag it down below the radial grids. 7. The padlock symbol at the lower end indicates that the grid line is locked so that the end moves with the others. Click the control grip at the end of the grid line.
To place the next angled grid line: s Click Modify to terminate grid placement. s Verify that Copy is selected on the Options Bar. To place a straight grid line at an angle: s In the Create panel. s Select grid 3. s Click grid intersection D3. s In this exercise. 9. Zoom to Fit.Structural . s Placed grid lines to create a semi-circular column grid. Enter 31 to change the name. s On the Modify panel of the Modify | Grids tab. s 10. click Create Similar. Click to place the grid line. 11. Click in the new grid bubble.Pick Axis.8. you: s Placed grid lines to create a rectangular column grid.rvt. Save the file as ADA_Gridscomplete. click Mirror . s Select grid 31. Press ENTER. 420 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . s Pull the cursor down and to the left so the temporary angle dimension reads 120. Revit will create grid 32.000.
In this exercise. To place structural columns: s On the Structure tab. You have started a structural framing plan for a large building by creating column grids. you typically create a grid. This is a steel column. you: s Use a column grid to place columns. In the Type Selector. You worked on this file in the previous exercise. Structure panel. s Add footings to columns. Structural s 421 . The completed exercise Use a Column Grid to Place Columns 1. Open ADA_Grids-complete. Structural columns are anchored on the grid intersections at which they are added. s Change a grid layout. the columns move with the grid intersections when the spacing between grid lines is modified.Exercise: Place Columns and Beams on Grids in Revit Exercise: Architecture Before adding structural columns in a large-scale structural plan. Now you place columns at grid intersections. As a result. click Column > Structural Column. s 3. s Use a column grid to place beams. select W-Wide-Flange Column: W10x33. 2. You then add columns relative to grid lines and grid intersections.
click At Grids.Structural . click Finish. 5. 2. 4. 4. On the Multiple panel. 422 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . C and D. 6. B. 3. A. set Height to Level 3.s s On the Options Bar. Hold down CTRL and select Grids 1. If you zoom in you will see columns ghosted in at grid intersections. In the Multiple panel.
On the Multiple panel. Zoom to Fit. 2. Open Floor Plan Level 2. On the Structure panel of the Structure tab. click On Grids. 4. On the Multiple panel. Window-select all the grid lines. click Beam. 5. Structural s 423 . Revit will ghost in beams on grid lines only between existing columns and will ignore grid intersections without columns. Click Grid 1. click Finish. 3. Click Modify to terminate the Beam tool. The grid. columns. and beams will move to the right.Use a Column Grid to Place Beams 1. Change the temporary dimension to 20'-0".
click Undo.Add Footings to Columns The columns need footings under them. 3. 6. 2. window-select all the columns. Click Redo. On the Multiple panel. On the Foundation panel of the Structure tab. In the view window. Columns and beams will move to the right. On the Multiple panel. On the Quick Access toolbar. 424 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . 1. click Finish. Rectangular footings display ghosted at the base of each one.Structural . If a dialog box opens about loading a tag family. Open the Default 3D view. click Isolated. click No. Columns and beams on and intersecting with Grid 1 will move 10'-0" to the left. Column grids are an effective way to control the position of many elements at once. click At Columns. 4.
The footing had been placed at Level 1. in the Type Selector. set the Base Offset distance to 6'-0". Click OK. Structural s 425 . A warning displays. 7. 6. select Footing-Rectangular 96" x 72" x 18". Press ESC to clear the column selection. To change the size of the footing. To change the length of a column: s Select the leftmost column. The footing changes size. Select the footing at the base of the extended column. but footings attach to columns and move if the column base moves. Click Modify to terminate the Foundation tool.5. s On the Properties palette.
s Used a column grid to place beams. s Changed a grid layout. s Added footings to columns. Save and close the file. In this exercise. 426 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . you: s Used a column grid to place columns.8.Structural .
and connections so that buildings remain upright despite environmental changes or earth movement. spans. Science Concrete is an ancient material known to the Romans. the structural engineer takes primary responsibility for specifying components. Structural integrity of buildings has always been the overriding concern for designers and builders.STEM Connections Background In modern design practice. s What types of materials are now being introduced to modern concrete mixes to make them stronger and lighter? Technology The invention of steel framing enabled the development of skyscrapers. What are the advantages and disadvantages of steel compared to wood when exposed to: s Fire or extreme heat s Moisture STEM Connections s 427 .
Structural . s What is bending moment and how is it calculated? s What is allowable deflection and how is it calculated? 428 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . s Which is a stronger arrangement: smaller beams placed closer together or larger beams placed farther apart? Why? Math Engineers carefully calculate loads on structural frames.Engineering Span tables list the sizes of beams that can safely carry loads across certain distances. using formulas based on physics.
s Place grid lines to create a semi-circular column grid. Beam d. Column grids are used to help with placement of structural members in a building design? a. s Place beams around the perimeter of the floor. Questions 1. Column b. s Place braces. 2. All of the above.Summary/Questions Summary In this Revit Architecture unit. Brace c. s Change a grid layout. Which of the following are examples of structural members? a. s Add footings to columns. False Summary/Questions s 429 . True b. s Place grid lines to create a rectangular column grid. you learned to: s Place columns of different heights under a floor. s Use a column grid to place columns. s Place beam systems.
b. c. When placing columns or beams. columns and beams placed using that grid will relocate with it. All of the above.Structural . To change the height of a column. Flip Orientation d. 5. Use grid lines and grid intersections. d. 2. If you relocate a grid line. a. False 4. a. d. True b. Select the type of beam or column to place. A and B. c. True b. you can: a. A but not B. Pick points. 3. Properties c. you use: a. You cannot change a column's height after you place it. you: a. Sketch or select objects to create the perimeter sketch. To create a beam system.Revit Architecture Questions 1. Stretch b. False 430 s Autodesk Design Academy Unit 11 . b. You can copy grid lines and they will number automatically. Select a beam type and define the system layout.
Autodesk AEC Independent Consultant Lay Christopher Fox . Milwaukee.Autodesk AEC Independent Consultant Dr. Inc. Center for Geospatial Information Technology Assoc. Starkweather .Teacher. Randy Dymond.Editor Special Thanks To: Kendall N. Prof of Civil & Environmental Engineering.Autodesk Manufacturing Independent Consultant Contributing Authors: Kristen C.Autodesk® Design Academy Credits-Copyright Lead Author: Phil Dollan . Poway High School.iteaconnect.Executive Director. PE . Poway. Susan Harrington .org Project Lead the Way.Director. Ltd. CA Ronald A Williams. Mathematics.Instructor. Virginia Tech Eric Losin . Smith . South Division High School. WI Roger Dohm . Copyright s 431 . International Technology Education Association www.
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