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A safari snorkel system relocates your engine's air intake point from the relatively low and vulnerable position under the hood to a much higher and safer location where a constant source of cool, clean, dry air is available. Manufactured from premium quality polyethylene, safari snorkels are incredibly resilient and UV stable. Install one before your next trip and breathe easier knowing that your engine is protected by a safari snorkel.
■UV stable crosslinked polyethylene body for the ultimate in strength.
■High flow air ducting and body ensures air supply in excess of engine requirements.
■Each component is designed for maximum dust and water sealing stainless steel and plated hardware for corrosion resistance.
■Fully compatible with optional 7 inch or 10 inch precleaners (some models).
■Unique evacuation system effectively disperses rain and unwanted moisture.
■Completely Australian designed and manufactured.
NOTE: W/O Air Conditioning
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At Northridge4x4®, we understand that every penny counts. That's why we ship all orders over $70 right to your door, for free.
7976 Rubicon Trail Pl NW
Silverdale, WA 98383
(360) 340-0282
4107 S Valley Dr
Longmont, CO 80504
(720) 213-0114
Sales: firstname.lastname@example.com
Northridge4x4® has an extensive wholesale program and is now accepting dealer inquiries.
To find out how you can become a dealer, call or email us at (360) 340-0282 or (866) 601-5340 or email@example.com today.
Monday - Friday: 9am - 6pm PST
Closed for the following Holidays: Memorial Day, Labor Day, 4th of July, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Years Day
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That means that you as a customer recognized that Northridge 4x4® carries the leading names in the jeep industry. That also means that if you demand the best in your parts, then why would you settle for any less in your customer service experience. Something that Northridge 4x4® truly excels at. You want to be assured that the advice and recommendations from any one of our skilled sales professionals will help you through every step of the process when choosing the correct products for your vehicle.
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Northridge 4x4® is not just any online shop, it's where the enthusiasts shop.


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It's the simplicity of Rodinal combined with the quality of the negatives produced that lead people like Patrick in search of similar developers using different developing agents.
But in a 100+ years it's been copied by many other companies, including Ilford & Kodak but no-one has yet come up with a simple alternative using other developing agents, that keeps well as a single solution concentrate.
This is why Rodinal is so remarkable.

subset: commoncrawl


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(1 year ago)
I have had 2 boys attend Bernardo Heights and overall it has been a positive experience. The principal is fantastic always willing to listen to parent and student concerns. He runs a tight ship especially when it comes to the dress code (no shorty-shorts here). The teachers are well-qualified although they give a lot of homework/projects and are quite strict with their homework policies. The office staff are friendly and helpful. A downside is there has been a large student to teacher ratio the past few years due to state budget cuts. Unlike the elementary and high schools parents aren't asked to volunteer much here. The music programs are definitely something to brag about band orchestra and choir and they feed into the award-winning RBHS music programs.


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How to Time Travel for Under $100
A humorous but real way anyone can time travel a small way into the future.
Yes, you too can time travel for under $100 and you probably already have every thing you need to do it. In fact the main element is probably in your driveway.
How To Do It
Get in your car and go for a drive on a highway at 55mph for about 5 hours. Then turn around and refill your gas tank if needed. Next drive for another 5 hours back home for a total of 10 hours driving time.
Now when you get home, you will have time traveled in to the future a wopping:
100 Trillionths of a Second
The total cost is probably less than $100 in gas.
This actually works at any speed and for any drive time, but the calculations are for 10 hours of driving at 55 mph.
So have fun time traveling.
While this intended as humor, the effect described is a real result of Einstein's Theory of Relativity. It shows that the effect of Relativity in everyday life however small as it may be.
"Relativity: The Special and General Theory"
By Albert Einstein
You actually experience it every day but as you can see the affect is extremely small.
Liked it


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May 31, 2012
No answer yet
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I've just discovered Clojure while playing with the Storm project and am interested in learning more.
Every city should be lucky enough to have a Detroit Lambda Lounge. Nice people, great environment and lots of interesting ideas and questions.
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Ecopackers is an exclusive hang out for those who want the privilege of staying down town in a vintage house, in one... More Info »
In the center of the magical city of Cusco only half block from the Main Square is Hostal El Triunfo , behind the... More Info »
Pariwana is a hostel chain inspired by the vibrant, artistic and gastronomic energy of the modern Peruvian vibe. We... More Info »
Welcome to Net House Bed & Breakfast a new way to stay in Cusco, located 3 Blocks from the Main Square just in front... More Info »
Less than 3 minutes walk from the stunning Plaza de Armas in the heart of Cusco, The Wild Rover Hostel and Bar is... More Info »
Our converted colonial house is only 2 blocks from the pubs, clubs, restaurants and shopping of the Plaza de Armas -... More Info »
Special Offer 5x4!!!!!!!!!!! Book 4 nights and get the fifth for Free Terms and conditions 5x4: this promotion is... More Info »
Just 2 blocks from the Main Square of Cusco, Pirwa Colonial Backpackers Hostel is in walking distance from quality... More Info »
It is the friendliest place in Cusco, just for positive and friendly people....we provide all the information,... More Info »
The hostel is named after the sacred peak Mama Simona - the only female mountain deity among twelve others... More Info »
The Pirwa Posada del Corregidor is a hostel with hotel style accommodation in the heart of Cusco with the perfect... More Info »
Hospedaje Turistico Recoleta is a charming family owned guest-house just a short walk from the Plaza de Armas , in a... More Info »
Kokopelli Hostel has finally arrived in Cusco and with the best location of all! Just a 2 minute walk to Cusco\\\'s... More Info »
Cusco Holiday offers accommodation, less than 1 km from Velasco Astete Airport. The services offered include free... More Info »
The Tayta Wasi Hostel is located in Cusco just 5 blocks from the main square (15 minute walk), the rooms are modern,... More Info »
La Sambleña offers free Wi-Fi and breakfast. A restaurant and a bar are featured. The rooms in Casa Hospedaje La... More Info »
We offer rooms for one person, doubles, triples and for groups of 4, 5 and 6 people, all of them have private... More Info »
Okidoki Hostel is just 10 minute walking to the Plaza de Armas, 5 minutes walking from the craft market San Pedro and... More Info »
Feel at home at our wonderful guesthouse. Experience a welcoming and warm environment from our family to yours.... More Info »
Casa de Mama 2 has 6 double bedrooms, 1 triple bedroom and 8 twin ones. Casa de Mama 2 is a new option, where... More Info »
Video guides, travel podcasts, city maps & free city guides. What to eat, where to stay and things to do and see - our travel guides have it all.Find a guide »
The epitome of culinary richness, Marrakesh -the heart of the red city, is a foodies wonderlandRead more »
We offer the most comprehensive selection of hostels on the internet with over 33,000 great places to stay in 170 countries. The ultimate online resource for hostels everywhere.Find great value hostels »


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Are you old enough to remember the first Star Trek series? (Yes, I watched in reruns.) Remember when McCoy or Bones, as he was called, would take out his Tricorder and simply pass it over someone's body, and he could tell you what was wrong with them? Well, these apps aren't quite that sophisticated, but they are amazing! Some of them require additional equipment to turn your phone into a digital doctor, but medical applications are one of the fastest-growing segments of the digital applications market. Here's just a taste of what you or your medical professional can do with a phone and a little cutting edge technology.
- iStethoscope allows you to hear your heartbeat on your iPhone and see your heart waveform based on the phone's microphone.
- Electrocardiogram/EKG -AliveCor device attaches to the phone like a case and provides a single-lead EKG by placing one finger from each hand on the sensor-electrodes. It is FDA approved to record, display, store, transfer and even evaluate single-channel electrocardiogram rhythms ECGs.
- Blood pressure measurement devices like Withings or iHealth that include a dock and a blood pressure cuff, so you can use your phone to monitor your blood pressure.
- Spirometry-SpiroSmart can provide a measure of common lung function by measuring lip reverberation. (Yeah I know; told you this stuff was unreal!) This is helpful in monitoring asthma and COPD.
- Fundus exams- The iExaminer is an iPhone 4 attachment for Welch Allyn PanOptic opthalmoscope that lets your medical professional perform Fundus exams. For us non-medical professionals, that means the doctor can use his phone to examine your eyes.
Such innovations boggle the mind. Oh, and just in case you thought the Tricorder was pure science fiction, there is now a competition to create one. The Qualcomm Tricorder X Prize is a $10 million global competition intended to create a diagnostic tool capable of recording key health metrics and diagnosing a set of at least 15 diseases. Ideally, it would be done through wireless sensors, imaging technologies and non-invasive laboratory replacements. Fascinating.


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Students at one elementary school are honoring our nation's 16th president with a musical performance.
About 50 students from Richardsville Elementary School are preparing for "Lincoln: A Man For All Times."
The musical is part of Kentucky's celebration for the bicentennial of President Abraham Lincoln's birth.
The students will perform the musical on Sept. 7 at the new Abraham Lincoln Elementary School in Hodgenville.
The performance will be part of a workshop, which will include teachers from all over the state as well as representatives from the Lincoln Museum and the Lincoln National Park.
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Thomas Gregor: Biological Quantifier
November 1, 2013|
Assistant Professor, Physics, Princeton University. Age: 39
November 1, 2013|
Assistant Professor, Physics, Princeton University. Age: 39
October 29, 2013|
Researchers show that cells may have evolved to be small because of gravitational forces.
October 25, 2013|
Researchers show that genetic enhancer elements likely contribute to face shape in mice.
October 24, 2013|
Grasshopper mice harbor mutations in a pain-transmitting sodium channel that allow them to prey on highly toxic bark scorpions.
October 24, 2013|
Researchers find strong correlations between the composition of the human microbiome and genetic variation in immune-related pathways.
October 24, 2013|
Researchers show that one group of bees likely suffered a mass extinction about 65 million years ago.
October 22, 2013|
Researchers show that a cave-dwelling crustacean may use venom to immobilize and digest its prey.
October 20, 2013|
An immune suppressive drug can unexpectedly help immunized mice fight off many strains of flu.
October 14, 2013|
Researchers have discovered a 46-million-year-old female mosquito containing the remnants of the insect's final blood meal.
October 10, 2013|
Genomic analysis suggests that the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus circulated among bats for a while before jumping to humans.


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- About
- Rebooting Basics
- Tools for Change
- Articles
- Porn FAQs
- ED & Porn
- Miscellaneous
- ? Studies
- Support
External Rebooting Blogs & Threads
Submitted by admin on Fri, 11/11/2011 - 20:45
Just a few of the over 1,000 forums we have seen discussing porn-related problems:
- Reboot Nation - Forum, personal journals, support
- Your Brain Rebalanced - Forum, personal journals, support
- NoFap.org - Forum, accountability buddies, journals, much more
- Reddit - PornFree subreddit - Community to help individuals overcome porn addiction
- Reddit - NoFap subreddit (155,000 fapstronauts)
- InfoGraphic on NoFap
- Origins of the NoFap movement: Know Your Meme - NoFap_
- Ever wondered about r/nofap's history?
- Reddit - NoFap Teens
- Reddit - NoFapChristians
- Reddit - NoPorn
- Keine Macht Dem Porno (German website)
- Chinese "no PMO" forums: (see Greetings from the Orient , The Chinese way of NoFap & HaHaHa,you have NoFap, we China have our own)
- Link to site - over 1,100,000 members
- http://www.jiese.org/bbs/ - 115,000 members
- http://bbs.jiexieyin.org/ - more than 150,000 members
- Reddit - HentaiFree - for those addicted to cartoon porn
- pornaddictionforum.com
- Attraction Forums - 30 Day Challenge: No Porn & No Masturbation
- Attraction Forums - Why you need to quit Porn
- Attraction Institute - The Porn/Masturbation/Orgasm (PMO) Reboot thread: SHWING!
- MedHelp - Too much porn/masturbation cause ED? (3000 posts)
- MedHelp - 22 with porn induced erectile dyfunction? (450 posts)
- NPSupport - 100 days no porn (29,000 posts)
- Cracked.com - The Great Internet Porn-Off, Cont. (6,800 post and growing)
- Bodybuilding.com - The NO FAP thread to end all no fap threads (8,800 posts)
- Bodybuilding.com - The NO FAP thread to end all no fap threads Version 2.0 (about 10,000 posts and growing)
- Bodybuilding.com - Official No fap Thread V4. Let get this started. v3 is gone.
- Bodybuilding.com - NO FAP thread to end ALL No Fap threads V5 (Now with FAQ's and more!!)
- Bodybuilding.com - Official NoFap & NoPorn thread V5.5
- Bodybuilding.com - Official NoPorn V6** (w/ FAQs, Miscer experiences & interviews)
- Bodybuilding.com - *90 days NoFap/NoPorn - Official Thread*
- Bodybuilding.com - No Porn - Join in for the biggest change of your life
- 43Things - How to stop masturbating to porn
- Reddit - Ask a guy who quit porn for 2 months now anything
- Many 90-Day+ Reports from reddit.com NoFap
- PEgym - Rebooting: (porn abstinence)
- PEgym - Don't RELY on porn for an erection!
- PEgym - Can porn really lead to ed?
- Postmasculine.com - The No-More-Porn-Thread (2200 posts and growing)
- Insidehoops - No more fap for me (550 posts)
- RSDnation - My amazing story (100 posts)
- RSDnation - "Metamorphisis into a chick magnet" (200 posts)
- High Existence - No Porn, No Masturbation for 30 Days (460 posts)
- Kanye To The (forum) - Does NoFap actually help?
- Flashback (Sweden) - I suffer from Porn Impotence (3700 posts)
- d2jsp (Hungary) - Some will appreciate (480 posts)
- Team Andro (German) - 90 days without porn & masturbation (2000 posts)
- FOK (Dutch) - The Great Porn-Off (Multiple threads - about 5,000 posts)
- /B/ - Ernst Chan (German) - Pr0nsucht
- erektion.de (German) - To all young men with ED
- none makes the porn (German) - http://keinemachtdemporno.de/
- Burek Forum (Serbia) - Are you addicted to pornography?
- PornAddiction (Hungary) - http://pornofuggoseg.blog.hu/
- Forum.Hr (Croatia) - Fapstronaut Program
- 3D Supply (German) - Der Thread zum Spermtakel
- RedCafe.net: Manchester football - 90 day no PMO
- jeuxvidoe.com (French) - The effects of porn and the fret
- freak.neo - Norwegian forum
- Xossip (Indian) - Overcome porn addiction and get back your life
- PornoSucht.com (German site)
- KasKus (Indonesia) - Stop porn watching
- LunaGang (Dutch) - Pornography, and masturbation addiction
- HardWare.Fr - FAP Topic No / No pr0n] Make a reboot of the brain?
- Muscle & Strength - Does No Fap work??
- The Coli! - 90 Days: NO Porn or Fap Challenge
- Reddit - Porn-induced ED monitoring thread
- People from China are also fighting this problem
Personal Blogs:
- AddictedToInternetPorn - Noah Church, author of "Wack: Addicted to Internet Porn"
- Effects of Porn - by
- CrazyJourney - blog follows my journey with my boyfriend to get through his porn addiction.
- Reclaiming Sex From XXX - a blog about pornography for men and teenage boys
- The PMO-Free Challenge - 30 day downloadable guide
- Withdrawal from porn - Polish Blog
- Free Yourself - Blog about addiction to sex and pornography (Polish)
- PornAddictionEnd.com - How I Ended My Porn Addiction
- My Brain Off Porn - 90 day reboot blog
- Porn & No Fap (Masturbation) - GoldJacketLuke NoFap video
- Building the New: - Porn addiction recovery through Mindfulness & Compassion
- Two boys and two flaccid cocks - Swedish blog by 18 & 19 year old
- The Reboot Blueprint - Overcoming porn-induced ED
- Just had Enough - Wherein I explain my embarrassing addiction, and my journey out of this twisted circle.
- Shuffling Monkey, Raging Stock - Quitting the Solo Clarinet (Yeah, I mean W***ing)
- The Sex God Project - 27 year old gay man chronicles his journey
- PORN: How giving it up has changed my life - "Naughty Nomad"
- diario di un mangiatore di cialis - My reboot blog. In italian
- The End Of Porn - A journey to end porn induced erectile dysfunction
- Recovery from masturbation (porn & ED)
Damnit, Penis (ED)
- Reddit NoFap FAQ - amusing and informative
- Stoppmo (en francais)
- BreaktheFear.com - My Porn Addiction — A 60-day Challenge of no Masturbation
Supporting the partner
Permalink Submitted by Lucifer1 on Mon, 07/23/2012 - 02:01.
I am two weeks off my addiction & feel no loss for porn and really proud that I think I have Brocken a 27 year addiction. The most devastating fact is that I have hurt my partner so badly from lying and I just want to support her and try and rebuild the relationship if she will allow me to. Do you have any web sites that can guide me how to talk to and communicate with my partner to try and-
1 see if it can be repaired
2 understand what pain she is going through from my addiction and lies
Interested did this
Permalink Submitted by MissJ on Tue, 11/19/2013 - 22:52.
Interested did this relationship repair? And do you still need any advice from a womens/partner perspective?
A wifes perspective
Permalink Submitted by MissJ on Tue, 11/19/2013 - 23:31.
First off i congratulate all you men on this site because you actually have the sense to spot something damaging and at least are trying to take control of your life/dick back.
Personally i knew something was not right, my husbands attitude changed alot and i knew something was not right he started to tell me he thought he had depression, something i had never heard him say in 11years of being together , late nights on the comp, i would ask if we could do stuff together and there was no interest. His whole attitude continued to decline even negative comments on my figure (Im not vain or no porn star but im a good looking real life women). I not religious and never been against masturbating but when i caught him masturbating it pissed me off only because i wasnt getting any sex from him so i asked if he could come to me first. few months later not much changed and caught him again checked phone and my world crumbled.... completely. The shock i was in at the discovery was nothing compared to the months following. And im not going to blab on about how bad porn is, im writing this for any men in relationships who want a perspective from a womens point of view and that their wife or girlfriend is not crazy or jealous but normal reactions. I also understand how fucking addicting this porn is on men i mean i get it i do but i can also see how marketing is controlling mens sexual minds and dicks and its destroying basic connections with people. I feel so sorry for young men bought up on this. I mean no women is ever going to be as tight as your hand. My vagina was never going to match up to my husbands working hands. I dont know if you guys can see this but you are the future game changes just like cigarettes were cool until people realized what it was doing. Can you imagine if you are struggling to get of this internet porn what its going to be like for future boys bought up on 3D porn? They will be hooked real life connections will struggle to compete unless men start sharing thier effects. Anyway i found this site and couldnt believe it was causing effects on dysfucntion but looked up and found marketing with images of young men for ED, like steve jobs said, join the dots. Even pharmacuticles are making money out of you well hopefully not you lot. Anyway as for relationship i feel porn destroyed alot but fuck you porn im gonna get it back. spending time together doing fun stuff again. Booking in a babysitter and actually finding time together. One thing we found with all the questions is that he thought i didnt want sex, but i always wanted sex i love my husband just like im sure your wifes love you but we want to fuck you, i want to be his dirty bitch without some fucking computer telling him how i or he should be. Whats itimacy thats intimacy. Dont bother with a sex therapist if your in a relationship, i really dont think they have a clue what porn does on the brain. Before this turns into a novel if anyone has any questions please fire away. Im honestly truthfull. If your just coming out about this be honest about EVERYTHING straight up dont wait for her to ask you questions i know youll want to lie to save hurt or thinking it doesnt exist but honeslty it makes a HUGE difference to just come clean about it all. And then be prepared for a million of questions! Its funny in someways i feel sorry for him now eduring all the questions of how who what when. And be prepared to repeat repeat repeat everything. Do not get angry at her it only makes susspission worse. Goodluck to everyone on here, i hope you take control of your sex life and in general whatever else its wrecking. x
Help, love working out but...
Permalink Submitted by ANewMe on Tue, 12/02/2014 - 20:50.
I am on Day 3 of the cleansing cycle and on the road to be completely free of pornography and masturbation all together. Thank you for this awesome site.
I am also refraining from all sexual images ( I don't watch TV at all actually), in magazines, in public etc, I really REALLY want this and reading these accts on here inspire me so much! Cant wait for 3-6 months down the road.
I have pickle tho…I workout a lot and love it. But sometimes, working out at the gym guys catch my attention. I immediately will look away but it seems to follow me. I know everyone here is saying to eliminate areas of your life that are bringing the wrong imagery, but the gym?? I love to stay in shape and I really don't want to not go there bc of this….what should I do? any suggestions? I work a 8-5 job so from now on I will be going in the morning at 6 am as to avoid the mass of attractive men that may be there in the afternoons after work.
"I vow to be a different man"
My personal opinion on refraining from Porn - Don't hate me plz.
Permalink Submitted by David C. on Sun, 06/07/2015 - 11:24.
In the past I refrained from porn, and masturbation in general, for as long as possible. Following the Taoist thinking that this brought me power.
But I've seen studies that have shown that refraining from ejaculating, while giving you an initial testosterone boost, can lead to a sharp testosterone decline after a week or so.
Also, other studies have shown that porn does not, in fact, lead to ED:
I feel porn and masturbation "exercises my arousal muscle", mentally and physically. Keeps it in shape.
I can see a problem, however, if men over do the masturbation and porn... refraining from "real life" and hindering their chances of real sex, connection with a partner. If this is the case, some refraining should be done. Especially if the person is a sex addict by nature. Nothing good about ejaculating multiple times a day... it will leave you drained and feeling like you have no purpose.
CBT for Porn Addiction
Permalink Submitted by abonfil on Mon, 08/10/2015 - 16:47.
There is a lot of research supporting Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for other addictions and impulse control problems. The research on CBT and porn addiction is scant at best.However, as porn addiction is often conceptualized similar to a drug addiction due to the strong physiological basis, it is likely helpful with porn addiction. A lot of people on this website seem to be "going it alone," not relying on professional help, and this seems so much more difficult. Here is a page about Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Addictions For evidence-based treatment in Los Angeles
It seems like a more successful way of rebooting than the white-knuckle approach.


text:
Jardines Del Mar
from £22 /night help Price for guests, Nights approx:
11 reviews
from £22 /night help Price for guests, Nights approx:
Estimated nightly price based on a weekly stay. Excludes fees (if applicable). Enter your dates to see the total cost.
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 6 Home 98382
Availability Your dates are available
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 6
|Key Info
Fall asleep listening to the waves and wake up to the heart warming sun at this apartment! It really offers any visitors the chance to relax and unwind in tranquility within its close surrounding. Though don't think its too peaceful, just a short walk away is the busy promenade of Torrox Costa which boasts the best climate in Europe due to it being sheltered by the Tejida Mountains!
Cool and inviting, this apartment welcomes you into a comfortable fully furnished lounge. There is also a new and fully equipped kitchen with dining available for 6. The bathroom comprises of Bath/shower, bidet, toilet and basin. With 2 bedrooms, one double and one twin - the apartment can sleep 4 however, the sofa bed is very comfortable and can sleep an extra 2.
The apartment is also just a 10 min drive from Nerja a hot spot in the Costa del Sol.
|Sleeps up to 6, 2 bedrooms
|2 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms
|Nearest beach
|Penoncillo Beach
|Will consider
|Long term lets (over 1 month)
|Car not necessary
|Nearest travel links
|Nearest airport: Malaga 50 km, Nearest railway: Malaga 50 km
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages
|No pets allowed, No smoking at this property
Features and Facilities
|DVD player, Sea view
|TV, CD player, Satellite TV
|Kettle, Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer
|Cooker, Microwave, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|1 Sofa beds, Double beds (2), Dining seats for 6, Lounge seats for 2
|Linen provided, Towels provided
|Balcony or terrace, Shared garden, Climbing frame, Swing set
|Parking, Not suitable for wheelchair users
|Further details indoors
Located Inside Apartment For Interior use:
Portable Air Conditioning
Milk Warmer
|Further details outdoors
Located inside apartment For Exterior use:
Table & Chairs
Parasol & Stand
Clothes Horse & Pegs
|Further details
Whilst in the apartment, your apartment managers are just a phone call away for any questions or queries you may have. Linen and towels are provided for each individual with an exception to beach towels. A midweek clean can be arranged through the apartment managers however, please note there will be an extra cost for this service.
The Andalucia region
The Costa Del Sol has plenty to offer, the best climate, sandy beaches, amazing food, friendly people and endless list's of things to do.
Popular and exciting places are easily accessible within the Costa Del Sol. Day trips and boat trips are available to Sevilla, Cordoba, Granada, Morocco and many more.
A small boat yard on the Penoncillo Beach offers sailing craft and equipment for hire however, for the adventurous among you Marbella, The Golden Mile, Mijas, Fuengerolla and Marina Del Este are great places to see amd visit.
Torrox Costa
The beautiful Torrox Costa has got all you need for a care free and enjoyable holiday.
Penoncillo Beach has some of the busiest and best beach restaurants around, 'The Bahia' and 'Rincon de Pepe' and 'La Canada' argubally offer the best local fish and their Gambas Pil Pil are mouth watering!
The attractive lighthouse houses the Roman historic tomb site unveiled for all to see. Torrox Costa is situated on miles of golden sandy beachs and is surrounded by shops and restaurants to satisfy to everyone's taste. In the summer season there are many street entertainers along the bustling promenade including, Bands and Flamenco Dancing to name but a few.
For the busier lifestyle, Nerja is just a 7 minute drive away, with weekly markets, traditional Spanish flamenco, bars and restaurants and the unmissable magnificent Nerja caves.
Other beautiful towns and villages around the area include: Frigilliana ' the white washed Spanish mountain village and Competa another white washed Morrish town but famous for its vines and Bodegas. Both towns are only a short drive away.
There is plenty to do in and around Torrox Costa, local magazines on things to do and go are situated in the apartment for your pleasure.
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19 Mar 2013
"Enjoyable stay"
Comfortable and well equipped apartment.In a quiet location, but ideally situated for exploring the surrounding area. Nerja town and the caves nearby, as well as the lovely village of Frigiliana. Highlight of the holiday was a trip to Granada to visit the Alhambra Palace. Torrox Costa has a wonderful promenade with many restaurants and cafes to choose from. All in all a great holiday
21 Aug 2012
We stayed in Torrox for 9 days and had a great time. The apartment is ideal for anyone wanting to step out of the apartment onto the beach. the apartment is clean and tidy and well equipped for all your needs plus it is peaceful at night but just up the road is the centre and promenade full of restaurants/bars and shops to keep you entertained.
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How to Become a College Professor
Two Methods:Becoming a ProfessorAdditional Resources
Teaching at a university is a rewarding career path, but with a declining number of available positions and oversupply of qualified applicants, becoming a college professor isn't easy. If you want to work your way towards that career, preparing yourself with the right background, experience, and expectations can help, but beware that the available options make getting a job in this field a challenge.
Becoming a Professor
1Complete your compulsory education. In the United States, this is finishing 12th grade and obtaining a high school diploma, or receiving a General Equivalency Diploma (GED). Strive to attend the most academically rigorous college/university you can. It doesn't have to be an Ivy League school, but following the advice in How to Get Into an Ivy League School will help you get into any institution.
- Keep in mind that you should never pay for graduate school out of pocket. If the institution does not offer you a graduate assistantship, then go somewhere else that does. Minimize the amount of student loans you need to take with scholarships and grants. Accumulating significant student loans during your undergraduate years will add to the loan payments you'll need to make when you're finished with grad school and ready to move on to the professional world. With this in mind, you'll need to weigh a school's academic reputation and its cost.
2Get a bachelor's degree in the discipline you'd like to teach. Follow the steps in How to Prepare for a PhD as an Undergraduate. Do your best to learn the material thoroughly, without concern for grades or honors. Your Undergraduate degree counts the least once you finish your PhD. Universities want to hire professors who love learning, the educational environment, and who excel at scholarship.
3Apply for PhD programs. If you want to teach in a two year college, you will need a master's degree (and often a PhD) in the subject you want to teach. If you want to teach at a university (four year institution), you definitely need a terminal degree in that discipline, usually the doctorate.
- Doctoral programs take at least 6 years to complete after obtaining a bachelor's degree. This may be in addition to earning a master's degree and completing a dissertation. Some programs, such as those in the humanities, may take longer to complete; others, such as those in engineering, may be 5 years.
- As a requirement to obtain a PhD, you also will need -- in addition to years of graduate courses -- to conduct years of research, proposing a new hypothesis or establishing a new testable model. You then must write a dissertation, which often is a book-length manuscript of several hundred pages that describes your original research. You will do this in consultation and under the direction of a faculty advisor. You also will need to defend your work to a committee of faculty to earn approval of your dissertation and degree -- or not. While doing all of this, if you are going to get even an interview for a faculty position, you also ought to be publishing scholarly articles as well as teaching.
- Apply for a Teaching Assistantship (TA), which will allow you to gain teaching experience under the supervision of a faculty member. You will be paid very little but gain valuable teaching experience. Try to teach a variety of courses.
4Do postdoctoral research. If you want a faculty position at a research-oriented or PhD-granting university, typically you will need to do at least one postdoctoral fellowship after completing your PhD. During this time, typically 2-3 yrs, you will need to publish as many papers as you can in the top ranked journals of your discipline.
- You will also need to develop an independent research plan that is first and foremost at the leading edge of your discipline, one that is funded by federal agencies such as the National Institute of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), and Department of Education (DOE), etc., and will attract graduate students as post-docs to your group.
5As a graduate student, apply to become a teaching assistant for a tenured professor. You will most likely TA for an undergraduate course. This is the best opportunity for you to gain work experience before you apply for the actual professor positions, and it's also a good chance for you to make sure that teaching is what you want to do for the rest of your life.
- Teaching Assistants help the professor prepare for class, lead laboratories or recitations, communicate with students, grade tests and assignments, and assist in data entry.
- Professors who teach large classes of hundreds of students have need of TAs who break each lesson down with small groups of 10-30 students after class. These are great opportunities for you to basically teach your own class. However, state budget cuts make TA positions extremely scarce.
- If you earn of these rare TA positions, work closely with your professor and stand out to him or her. Be as helpful as possible and make sure that the professor knows what you are responsible and have a strong work ethic. Your teaching supervisor will be a huge asset as a reference writer who can address your teaching qualifications.
6Realize what becoming an adjunct professor involves. You may want to avoid it. These are contingent workers on whom universities rely to continue offering large numbers of course sections in times of shrinking state support for higher education. Unlike regular, tenured professors, an adjunct professor need not fulfill the same education requirements. As a contingent worker, Adjunct schedules are not guaranteed and can be canceled at the last minute. While you may have experience in a specialized field that the university lacks in its curriculum, the part time nature of the position pays very little, has no job security, and carries no insurance or benefits.
7When searching for a full-fledged professor position, apply everywhere. The more places you apply, the better your chances of getting a job. This only works if you are willing to move anywhere (possibly cross country) with short notice.
- Start by looking at advertisements for open positions that match your experience, field, and area of expertise. For background information you might also look for universities that are looking to expand the department you are interested in becoming a part of. This will help acquaint you with the challenges of beginning an academic career, since few universities have expanding programs due to state budget cuts and other economic factors. It is unlikely that there are openings at top research universities if the department isn't also increasing the number of professors it's hiring. Be aware that tenured faculty lines are increasingly being replaced by adjuncts.
8Aim for earning tenure. Most colleges and universities allow professors to work full time and earn tenure. Tenure provides those in the academic profession with some benefits, including protection from termination without due process or without cause.
- Tenure in any position that involves a research component requires demonstrable funding (especially in sciences and engineering disciplines) and a strong record of publications. There is a 6 to 7-year trial period to determine whether you will earn tenure. Being a good teacher with an undistinguished research record in a job that requires research will typically not get you tenure.
- In sciences and engineering, starting assistant professors need "start up" funds from the institution to build a lab, buy specialized equipment and supplies, and get their projects off the ground. This would usually be thought of by the junior faculty members as an investment that their university has made in them. They should try very hard to make good on this investment through securing their own funding, typically 2-3x their startup, before coming up for tenure. However, not all universities provide this type of support.
9Stay on top of the latest research in your field and attend business conferences. You should be reading publications in your field every day -- which shouldn't be too difficult if you have a true passion for that area. (And if you don't, you may want to reconsider becoming a professor for that subject.)
- You need to continually expand your specialized knowledge in that field if you want to become a good professor. Things can change from what's printed in the textbooks, and you want to be able to share that information with your students. It's better not to be one step behind your students and peers.
- Networking with the experts in your field will also bolster your own research endeavors.
Additional Resources
Give us 3 minutes of knowledge!
- Go to conferences offered by the national organization for the discipline that interests you to continually expand your knowledge.
- Take elective courses (while earning the Bachelor's degree) in collateral areas.
- Remain courageous. Don't succumb to "dumbing down" your course. Just because your students are still adjusting to college workloads and expectations doesn't mean you should sacrifice rigor and standards.
- Remember that the teaching rewards can be great. Teaching in a college environment means that many of your students want to be where they are, though some are also there due to parental pressure or for external rewards such as financial aid stipends.
- Make sure that you enjoy teaching and are pursuing this career because it is what you want to do.
- If you go to a two-year school, junior college, or community college, make sure that your degree path is intended to transfer to a four-year college or university. Some degrees at the two-year institution are not intended for transfer, but rather to prepare the student for the job market (vocational).
- Be prepared to work as a TA or adjunct professor to get your foot in the door, as long you do not attempt to make adjudicating a full time job. Most universities require experience before hiring.
- Don't base your decision on where to teach solely by prestige of university. Some smaller universities can be top-notch niches in certain fields, and others can have excellent faculty and resources to work with.
- It may be difficult to balance cultivating a strong family life while conducting extensive research. Moving to places to meet job opportunities can also take a toll on your family.
- The pay is not always great, and the work can be isolating. When you seek the tenure track, the first 6 years on the job are intense.
- Have a thick skin- higher education is a frequent target of political grand standers who have little or no understanding of the nature of this job and its workload, and will seek to portray you in the media as a "summers off" employee.
Things You'll Need
- A PhD
- Finances
- Motivation
- Confidence
Sources and Citations
Article Info
Featured Article
Categories: Featured Articles | College University and Postgraduate | Teaching
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 813,887 times.


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IBM resources for academia
IBM's Project Praviin program is launched to better educate millions of students for a more skilled and competitive IT workforce. The program offers a broad range of resources and support to students, faculty and institutions, aiming to provide skills in open standards, critical in a fast-paced and ever-changing IT industry. This program has already trained 856 students and 115 faculties in the engineering colleges in Lucknow. There are 528 students and 142 faculties certified on IBM technologies in the city. IBM has already established a Centre of Excellence in Lucknow at Babu Banarasi Das Group of Educational Institutes.
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Does spell check in iOS cause you to have too many words spelled incorrectly? Here's how to toggle the feature on and off.
The iPhone and iPad have a built-in spell check feature known as Check Spelling. Finding the location of the feature is not quite intuitive, so here are the steps to find the on/off toggle switch for this feature:
- Press Settings.
- Press General.
- Press Keyboard.
- Turn on of off the features you would like to have enabled or disabled.
The screen shot below shows what is available on an iPhone. The iPad has the same options.
Auto-Capitalization helps you by automatically capitalizing the first letter of each sentence and proper noun. Auto-Correction will assist you by correcting certain words that are often misspelled. "The" is often spelled "hte" and can be automatically replaced by "the" using this feature. Check Spelling is the main feature I am covering, which will automatically check spelling as you type. This feature can be very beneficial, but can also cause words that are purposefullly misspelled or abbreviated to be automatically corrected, which may not be wanted. Enable Caps Lock is a feature to allow double pressing the Shift button on the keyboard and locking the shift so that all letters appear in CAPS. Finally, the "." Shortcut is one I use everyday. When you reach the end of a sentence, you can press the spacebar twice and a "." will be added to the end of the previous sentence. Hope this helped you with a group of features that can be helpful, but also frustrating at times.


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Amy Jackson gossips
Amy Jackson says she does not let gossip affect her anymore! Five years since she forayed into Indian showbiz, Brit beauty Amy Jackson seems comfortable fitting in on the Indian screen. She has … [Read more...]
An Ultimate Entertainment Hub
Amy Jackson says she does not let gossip affect her anymore! Five years since she forayed into Indian showbiz, Brit beauty Amy Jackson seems comfortable fitting in on the Indian screen. She has … [Read more...]
I's record breaking box-office performance in Kerala Actor Vikram - Shankar's 'I' (original Tamil version) was given a massive release in Kerala on January 14th by Global United Media in around … [Read more...]
After the massive release of Shankar's "I", the cinema fans are eagerly waiting for the release of Yennai Arindhaal. It was announced that it will hit screens on January 15th, but due the post … [Read more...]
Actor Vikram's Shankar directed I is all set to have one of the biggest ever release for a Tamil film and the ticket booking for major screens in Tamil Nadu have opened by Sunday evening. The … [Read more...]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8uPK9Ov6Zd4 Studio: Aascar Film Pvt. Ltd. Producer: V. Ravichandran Director: Shankar Cinematographer: PC Sreeram Music: AR Rahman Editing: Anthony Art: … [Read more...]
Ai is an upcoming Indian Tamil romantic action thriller film directed by Shankar and produced by Venu Ravichandran's Aascar Films. The film stars Vikram and Amy Jackson in the lead roles along with … [Read more...]
Tamil superstar Vikram is known for taking up challenging roles. He does his best to make the character believable by transforming himself to extraordinary levels. In Shankar's upcoming film Ai … [Read more...]
Director Shankar's i is fast progressing. The mega-budget movie being produced by Aascar V Ravichandran is in its finishing stages. Shankar recently shot a stunt sequence in a moving train … [Read more...]
For her birthday this year, Amy Jackson adopted a wild dolphin, Smoothie, who swims around the coast of the UK. And now, the actress has taken up the cause of protecting elephants. Amy has volunteered … [Read more...]
Model actress Amy Jackson turned on the heat by flaunting her sexy curves for a photo shoot. The pretty heroine from London showed off her sultry figure in a sizzling photoshoot of her latest … [Read more...]
At a time when her career has hit the right note both in Tamil and Telugu, actressSamantha has made a strange announcement saying that she won't be taking any offers to star in films. Samantha has, … [Read more...]
Actor Vikram is on a signing spree. Chiyaan, who is now working on director Shankar's mega budget movie, Ai had recently signed movies with directors Dharani and Gautham Menon. Now or sources inform … [Read more...]
Chiyaan Vikram after series of flops in Rajapattai and Thandavam grew very cautious about selecting his upcoming projects. Chiyaan Vikram then signed up for mega project alongside Director Shankar … [Read more...]
Kollywood's most eligible bachelor Bharath has tied the knot with Dr Jeshly, on Monday, September 9, 2013. The marriage was held in Chennai in the presence of their parents, close family and … [Read more...]
Former Miss Universe Sushmita Sen had flew down to Cochin to inaugurate a beauty parlour. During this occasion, she spoke to media channels and said, "Taking a break doesn't mean one is going to … [Read more...]


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SLC carjacker at large with 'I practically stole this from C.J. Prestman' plate holder
Published February 8, 2014 4:46 pm
This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2014, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted.
South Salt Lake police say a suspect is at large after stealing a Lexus ISF from a dealership at 2865 South State. The vehicle has no plates but a license plate holder that reads, no kidding, "I practically stole this from C.J. Prestman."
Around midday Saturday, a hispanic man in his 20s asked to take the car on a test drive, says Sgt. Matt Budd, before telling a salesperson, "Hey, get out of the car." At that time the salesperson witnessed a gun by the suspect's leg, although it was never pointed at the salesperson, Budd said.
The car was followed to the area of 1300 E. 2700 South, but its current location is not known.
Police ask that if you see the car, do not approach it. Call 911.
Twitter: @matthew_piper


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VIDEO: World's fastest putting green
More Golf: Leaderboard | Rankings | Schedule | Expert Picks | Equipment | FedEx Cup
Southwest and Adams Golf have partnered to bring you the world's fastest putting green. A thin, carpeted number 35,000 feet off the ground.
I loved what Perry said after he sank the putt:
"I was pretty amazed at how easy that golf ball rolled with a plastic putter down the aisle."
Additionally, as part of the Adams Golf Easy Million Promotion, there will be a chance for a lucky golfer to win One Million Rapid Reward points.
Southwest also offers some pretty cool golf travel packages.
For more golf news, rumors and analysis, follow @EyeOnGolf and @KylePorterCBS on Twitter and like us on Facebook.


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Prospective Students › Life at Mitchell › Mitchell Mentors
William Mitchell's alumni network is large, successful, and supportive. It's a powerhouse in Minnesota's legal community and our graduates take great pride in helping Mitchell students by serving as mentors, offering externships, and hiring them.
Connecting students with alumni
Your first year of law school can be a big adjustment. Sometimes you may want to talk to someone who can relate to the law school experience. You may be looking for study tips or career planning advice from someone who has been through it.
As a William Mitchell student, you have access to our large alumni network. Over 12,000 Mitchell grads work throughout the country as lawyers, teachers, businesspeople and in other professions. You won't have to look far to find someone who can answer a question, provide job assistance or just understand what you are going through.
Find help through Mitchell Mentors
Meet and learn from recent William Mitchell alumni through Mitchell Mentors. This is an opportunity to learn the ropes of the first year of law school from recent graduates. Students who sign up for the program will be assigned to a group of three–four students, two alumni co-mentors, and one upper-class student (peer) mentor.
Mitchell Mentors was designed to help you transition into your first year of law school by learning tips and strategies about preparing for class, studying for exams, and maintaining a healthy life balance while in law school. Students who apply are expected to make a time commitment of 1–2 hours per month to participate in planning activities and meeting with their mentor group.
Throughout the year, you can contact your alumni mentors and participate in organized student/alumni group events on campus, including a fall kick-off event,January thaw event, and other activities.
If you have questions throughout the year, your mentors are there to help any way they can. We encourage you to take advantage of this special opportunity to make professional and personal connections with Mitchell alumni.


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Burlington airport flyers decreaseNovember 19,2012
Burlington airport
flyers decrease
SOUTH BURLINGTON Passengers flying out of Vermonts largest airport were down in October by more than 10 percent from the same month a year earlier.
Thats according to statistics released by Burlington International Airport, which says 54,916 people boarded planes there in October. That was down from 61,092 in October of 2011.
Outgoing traffic was up slightly for the first five months of this year over the same period of 2011, but has been down in June, July, August, September and October. October saw the biggest drop over the same month a year earlier.
The number of passengers flying out of Burlington has been in decline since peaking at more than 708,000 in 2009, with about 648,000 boarding planes at the airport last year.MORE IN Vermont News
Officials in two Rutland County school districts are among those proposing large cuts from... Full Story
MONTPELIER — A Vermont resident and officials in his town are at odds over what... Full Story
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Photo request -- Enterprise hangar deck studio miniature
View Single Post
September 18 2013, 11:19 AM
Robert Comsol
Location: USS Berlin
Re: Photo request -- Enterprise hangar deck studio miniature
MGagen wrote:
Even the turbo paths match.
Is there a good explanation why everyone assumes these vertical structures to be turbo shafts?
Here is the basic Jefferies cross-section in color (
schematic display on bridge
). IMHO it's the different colors that make all the difference how to approximate a correct interpretation of Jefferies' black & white cross-section.
If these red vertical lines were turbo shafts than the bridge would actually have to be a turbo lift depot by that reasoning.
Also, there would be no horizontal turbo shafts aboard the ship by the same reasoning because these do not show up!
These rather look like main (power) lines (with smaller horizontal connections not shown) and though I'm not a big supporter of retroactive continuity, I think Andrew Probert is among the few who actually got it correct by placing a vertical intermix shaft there for the
The first duty of every Starfleet officer is to the truth"
Jean-Luc Picard
"We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them."
Albert Einstein
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Latest BrochureView Order brochure View All
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- Melanesian Odyssey – Part 2Wednesday 7th October – Kitava, Trobriand Islands After the activities of the past few days it was wonderful to lie in bed...
- Melanesian Odyssey – Part 1Sunday 4th October - Bonarua Island, Papua New Guinea This morning we awoke to overcast skies and the rocking motion of the s...
- Three wonderful ways to see the worldNoble Caledonia's trio of charming small vessels can take you to explore places that larger vessels cannot… Good t...
Royal Crown
Built in 1996 and refurbished in 2010, the 90 passenger MS Royal Crown is a luxurious vessel, specially designed for the rivers flowing through the heart of Europe. This elegant vessel combines the nostalgic charm of the 1930s with the comfort, luxury and exquisite service. No expense has been spared to create not only a vessel that is beautiful to look at, but also a great joy to travel on. Spacious teak decks, elegant public rooms and staterooms with mahogany, rosewood and marble, together with rich fabrics, all blend together to create a unique river vessel. Facilities onboard include a library, boutique, fitness area, lounge with panoramic views and a restaurant with open seating. Outside there is a large sun deck.
Your Cabin / Suite
The MS Royal Crown has 45 suites which range in size from 145 square feet to the spacious Royal Suites which measure 200 square feet. All suites are fitted with rosewood cupboards, a dressing table, satellite TV and radio, a safety deposit box, individually controlled airconditioning and en-suite facilities with shower and hairdryer. Suites on the Select deck have portholes and the Royal Suites on the Panorama deck have large windows.
Your Space
The elegant Lounge Bar is defined by its 30s inspired Art Deco style, with textured carpets, carved mahogany and plush sofas which create a comfortable and relaxed atmosphere. Experience unforgettable views from the large windows as you enjoy coffee, tea or a light snack such as a salad or sandwich from the snack menu. The lounge is also where our guest speakers will entertain you with informative presentations. In the evenings, let the day come to an end with a choice of beverages from the extensive menu accompanied by a pianist playing a Steinway & Sons grand piano. The huge sun deck on MS Royal Crown covers almost the entire length of the vessel, interrupted only by the Bridge. Recline on a sun lounger and read a book or watch the changing scenery. For some time out, relax in the wellness centre which includes a sauna with shower facilities, and a fitness room. There is also a small gift shop and a library with a selection of books and games. Daily newspapers are also supplied.
Your Dining
While the most beautiful river scenery passes by, enjoy delicacies created by the Executive Chef and his highly skilled team. Only the freshest ingredients are used to create delicious dishes. Relax and take in the passing landscapes, with pristine white linen to complete your dining experience. The restaurant has open seating allowing you to sit where you like at each meal. In the morning breakfast is served buffet style, lunch is a delightful salad buffet and served choices, and dinner is served a la carte in four courses. In addition, a fine selection of wines will accompany lunch and dinner.
Life Onboard
The atmosphere onboard is friendly and informal and within days you will have made new friends in the open-seating restaurant, on the shore excursions or whilst relaxing in the comfortable public areas onboard. You will find yourself amongst like-minded people in an English speaking environment and for those who seek peace and quiet, there will always be the opportunity to find a secluded spot on the sun deck or simply rest in your well-appointed cabin. A musician will play each evening whilst you relax in the lounge, guest speakers will provide a series of interesting talks and our cruise director will host informative port briefings. After a day exploring ashore, you will return to the comfort and peace of a well-run and exceedingly comfortable vessel.
For Your Comfort
The Royal Crown is equipped with the latest safety and navigation equipment for sailing Europe's waterways. During you voyage you will have the opportunity to visit the Captain and Officers in the Bridge to learn more about navigating the varying water levels of these meandering rivers. There is no doctor onboard. Smoking is limited to the Sun deck.
Deck plans


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Anemone blanda Pink Star
The blooms of this variety are a rich pink that combines readily with any shade a Lenten Rose is known to make. 'Pink Star' makes plush carpets in full sun or partial shade.
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Exposure: Full or Part Sun
Blooms In: April-May
Spacing: 3-4"
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White Flower Farm is a family-owned mail-order nursery located
in northwestern Connecticut. Since 1950 we have been providing a
wide range of Perennials, Bulbs, Annuals, Shrubs, Vines, Amaryllis, Gardening Tools, and Gifts For Gardeners as well as Gardening
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our weekly emails for useful gardening tips and product offers. Drop by our Facebook page for an inside look at our operation. White Flower Farm® is a registered trademark of White Flower Farm, Inc. This institution is an equal opportunity provider.


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Olivaveous Fringe Top
Amazingly soft and comfortable, incredibly stylish and on trend, and super versatile? This top from Olivaceous is exactly what your closet needs this season. We love the fringe bottom and batwing dolman sleeve, plus since it's a solid color you're accessory options are endless!
- Wide scoop neck
- Batwing dolman sleeve w/ bottom slit
- Bottom fringe trim
- Loose boxy fit
- Cropped
- Ultra soft and stretchy material
- Rayon/Spandex
- Measures 20" in length
- Model is wearing a size small (S)
- Hand wash (water only), or dry clean


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Smoke more fruit should be the motto for these Phillies Strawberry cigarillos offered in a money-saving edition with 20 fresh packs of 3 sweet little treats. Brimming with a candy-like strawberry flavor, the 10-minute smoke doesn't get more refreshing than this. Order these fruity delights now.
These are always fresh, slightly sweet but not too sweet. I love them.0 0


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 5, 2007
|Filing date
|Oct 26, 2004
|Priority date
|Apr 10, 2002
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Byron W. Tietjen
|Original Assignee
|Lockheed Martin Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (7), Classifications (6), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/119,653, filed Apr. 10, 2002 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,912,341, the subject matter thereof being incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates to radar array systems, and more particularly to radar arrays mounted on rotating array platforms.
Arrays such as RF beam scanning arrays and the like are often implemented using large rotating array platforms that revolve the array in the azimuth direction. For example, the platform may rotate so as to slew the array by a predetermined azimuth angle, or to scan the entire range of azimuth angles available to the antenna at a constant angular rate. Traditional approaches to implementing rotating radar array platforms involve the use of a variety of mechanical or electromechanical parts including sliprings for providing array power, and large load-bearing bearings to support the rotating platform. However, these components are subject to significant stress, resulting in mechanical fatigue and ultimately component failure. This of course impacts on the reliability of the platform and overall, on the revolving radar antenna system.
Sliprings are a limiting feature in revolving antenna designs. Commercially available sliprings have limited current transmission capability. This limits the power that can be supplied to a conventional radar array. Future radar arrays may require 1000 amps or more, and may not be adequately supported using sliprings.
Fluid cooling presents another limitation on conventional arrays. Coolant has conventionally been transmitted to radar arrays using a rotary fluid joints, which have a tendency to leak.
An apparatus and method for providing a reliable rotating array that is not subject to such component fatigue is highly desired.
One aspect of the invention is a system comprising at least one optical fiber that revolves around an axis when an array assembly that includes a radar array revolves around the axis. The optical fiber receives a light pattern that specifies information from the array assembly. A stationary device remains optically coupled to the optical fiber for receiving the light pattern while the optical fiber revolves around the axis.
Another aspect of the invention is a system comprising: a plurality of conical reflectors positioned at respectively different levels. None of the plurality of reflectors is axially aligned with any other one of the plurality of reflectors. A first plurality of optical paths each face the apex of a respective one of the conical reflectors. A second plurality of optical paths is perpendicular to the first plurality of optical paths. Each of the second plurality of optical paths extends to a side surface of a respective one of the plurality of conical reflectors and has a 360 degree field of view.
Another aspect of the invention is a method for conducting light. A radially oriented optical fiber is revolved around the conical reflector. A light beam is directed through a first optical path towards an apex of a conical reflector. At least a portion of the light beam is re-directed using the conical reflector. The re-directed portion of the light beam is transmitted through a second optical path perpendicular to the first optical path. The second optical path begins at a side surface of the conical reflector and has a 360 degree field of view. The re-directed portion of the light beam is transmitted from the second optical path to an input of the movable optical fiber while the movable optical fiber is revolving.
Another aspect of the invention is a method for conducting light. A movable optical fiber is revolved around a side optical path that extends to a side surface of a conical reflector and has a 360 degree field of view. The light pattern is transmitted from an output of the movable optical fiber to the side optical path while the movable optical fiber is revolving. A light pattern is directed through the side optical path. The light pattern is re-directed using the conical reflector. The light pattern is directed through a longitudinal optical path that extends longitudinally from the apex of the conical reflector.
Another aspect of the invention is a method of conducting light. An array assembly that includes a radar array is revolved around an axis. A movable optical fiber is revolved around the axis when the array assembly revolves around the axis. A light pattern is transmitted through the movable optical fiber while the array assembly revolves. The light pattern specifies information from the array assembly. An optical coupling is maintained between a stationary device and the movable optical fiber while the optical fiber revolves around the axis.
The advantages, nature, and various additional features of the invention will appear more fully upon consideration of the illustrative embodiments now to be described in detail in connection with accompanying drawings where like reference numerals identify like elements throughout the drawings:
As used below, the terms "rotate" and "roll" refer to the rotation of the first wheel 114 and/or the radar array 112 about a roll Axis "A" (shown in
The system 100 includes a means to support the array 112 in a tilted position, so that the axis "A" is maintained at a constant angle ∀ with respect to the plane of the platform 150. In some embodiments, the radar system 100 also includes a second wheel 132 coupled to the axle 130. Preferably, if present, the second wheel 132 has a second size S2 different from the first size S1 (of the first wheel 114). For example, as shown in
In the exemplary embodiment of
The exemplary system 100 includes a radar array 112 having just one face on it, but capable of covering 360� of azimuth revolution. This configuration can support a very large and heavy array 112 that is very high powered. Sliding surface contacts are not required. The contact between the first wheel 114 and the first path (track) 152, and the contact between the second wheel 132 and the second path (track) 154 are both rolling surface contacts. In a rolling contact, the portions of the wheels 114 and 132 that contact the tracks 132 and 154, respectively, are momentarily at rest, so there is very little wear on the conductive wheels and tracks. This enhances the reliability of the system. In addition, the wheels 114 and tracks 132 can be made of suitably strong material, such as steel, to minimize wear and/or deformation.
The example in
Various methods are contemplated for operating a radar system comprising the steps of: revolving a wheel 114 housing a radar array 112 around a platform 150 (wherein the radar array has a front face), and rotating the wheel about an axis "A" normal to the front face, so the wheel rotates as the wheel revolves. The method shown in
For example, the wheel 114 may rotate without rotating the radar array 112. The radar array 112 may rotate relative to wheel 114, while wheel 114 rolls around the first track 152 of the platform 150. If the rotation rate of the radar array 112 has the same magnitude and opposite sign from the rotation of the wheel 114, then the radar array 112 does not rotate relative to a stationary observer outside of the system 100. This simplifies the signal processing of the signals returned from the assembly, because it is not necessary to correct the signals to account for the different rotational angle of the array. Rotation of the radar array 112 relative to the wheel 114 may be achieved using a motor that applies a torque directly to the center of the array, or a motor that turns a roller contacting a circumference of the radar array or the inner surface of the circumference of the wheel 114.
Although the example shown in
Depending on the interior design of the cone 715 or frustum 710, the system 700 may or may not have an axle coupled to the radar array 112. The continuous housing of cone 715 or frustum 710 provides the capability to mount components of the radar antenna system 700 to the side walls of the cone or frustum in addition to, or instead of, mounting components to an axle. Further, the cone 715 or frustum 710 may have one or more interior baffles or annular webs (not shown) on which components may be mounted.
Each variation has advantages. Although the cone 715 provides extra room for more contacts 714, the frustum 710 allows other system components to occupy the center of platform 750 such as, for example, a roll angle sensing mechanism, described further below with reference to
The rotating array has many advantages compared to conventional arrays. For example, maintenance can be made easier. If an array element must be repaired or replaced, the array can be wheeled to a position in which that element is easily accessed. Also, the rotating array has very few moving parts, enhancing reliability. The rolling array assembly 110 has much lower mass and moment of inertia than the rotating platform of conventional revolving radar systems, so the azimuth drive 160 of the rolling array should not require as powerful a motor as is used for conventional rotating platform mounted radars. Also, the azimuth drive assembly does not have to support the weight of the antenna (whereas prior art rotating platform azimuth drives did have to support the weight of both the array and its support). This should improve the reliability of the azimuth drive.
Bullring Gear and Pinion Drive
Drive 160 includes a rotatable bullring gear 170, including a rotatable ring portion 172 rotatably mounted to the platform 150 by way of a fixed ring portion 171. Bullring gear 170 has bearings 173 for substantially eliminating friction between the fixed portion 171 and the rotatable ring portion 172. A motor 181 having a pinion gear 180 drives the rotatable ring portion 172 of bullring gear 170 to rotate.
At least one bracket portion 162 is coupled to the rotatable ring portion 172. An exemplary support platform for mounting the bracket 162 is shown in
The bracket portion 162 is arranged on at least one side of the axle 130 for pushing the axle in the tangential direction. Although the exemplary bracket portion 162 pushes against the axle 130, the bracket portion 162 can alternatively apply the force against other portions of the array assembly, such as one or both of the wheels 114, 132 or against the conical housing 715 or frustum-shaped housing 710 shown in
As best shown in
In some embodiments (not shown), there may be only a single bracket portion 162 for pushing the axle 130 in one direction. In some cases, this would require the array to rotate by more than 180 degrees to reach an azimuth angle that could be achieved by a turn of less than 180 degrees if two brackets 162 are provided.
As shown in
The bracket design of
Offsetting the brackets 262 to apply the force at the center of mass CM as shown in
The system 100 has an azimuth position control mechanism. An azimuth position sensor 190 is provided. The azimuth position sensor 190 may be, for example, a tachometer or a synchro. A tachometer is a small generator normally used as a rotational speed sensing device. A synchro or selsyn is a rotating-transformer type of transducer. Its stator has three 120�-angle disposed coils with voltages induced from a single rotor coil. The ratios of the voltages in the stator are proportional to the angular displacement of the rotor. An azimuth position/velocity function receives the raw sensor data from sensor 190 and provides the position as feedback to the azimuth drive servo 192. The type of sensor processing function 194 required is a function of the type of sensor used.
The azimuth drive servo 192 is capable of controlling the motor 181 to drive the rotatable ring portion 172 to cause the radar array 112 to revolve about the platform 150 at a constant angular velocity. The servo 192 is also capable of controlling the motor 181 to drive the rotatable ring portion 172 to cause the radar array 112 to revolve about the platform 150 to a specific desired azimuth position.
When the drive mechanism 160 is used to train the array 112 at a specific azimuth position, three general techniques may be used. First, the array can always be moved in the same direction. This approach may cause uneven wear on the teeth of the bullring gear 170 and pinion 180. Second, the array can be moved in a direction that requires the least travel from its current position, so that the array does not have to move through more than 180 degrees. Third, the direction of rotation can alternate each time the array is moved, so that any wear on the bullring gear 170 and 180 is more even.
Reference is again made to
Internal Gravity Drive
Drive 260 includes at least one circular track 202 mounted to a wheel 114 on which the radar array 112 is mounted.
In this embodiment, movement of the motor 205 causes the wheel 114 to roll along a path formed by tracks 202, 203 under operation of gravity and revolve about a platform 150. The tracks 202 and 203 are positioned close to the circumference of the wheel 114. This provides the greatest torque for any angular displacement of the motor-weight assembly 201. If the weight of the motor is not sufficient to provide the desired rotational acceleration, then the housing 204 of motor assembly 201 may provide any amount of additional weight desired.
In the embodiment of
The azimuth drive of
For example, consider the case where it is desired to move the array 112 to a fixed position. If the motor-weight assembly 201 is moved away from directly beneath the axle 130 to any other fixed position, an underdamped natural oscillator is formed. That is, the array 112 would tend to roll past the equilibrium position and then roll back past the equilibrium position again, and the cycle is repeated. To prevent the oscillations, the motor 201 can be moved backwards before the array reaches the desired position. This causes the assembly to decelerate as it reaches its destination.
One of ordinary skill in the control arts can readily provide a control circuit to control the weight assembly to avoid overshooting the destination angle. For example, a tachometer may be placed on the axle 130 to measure the relative rotational rate between the motor assembly 201 (including the weight 204, the drive motor 205 and the gear box 209) and the axle 130, and the difference can be fed to a constant velocity servo. Then, position feedback (described further below) can be provided to a position servo. This will allow the array assembly 210 to be slewed to a certain spot. To keep at a constant velocity, the tachometer may be used. The tachometer output can be integrated to provide position information. Alternatively, because the position of the array can be measured, the derivative of the position provides the velocity. To use as few mechanical parts as possible optical feedback can be used to obtain position or velocity feedback for the servo. Operation is similar to the first servo diagram in
When the internal gravity drive mechanism 260 is used to train the array 112 at a specific azimuth position, three general techniques may be used. First, the motor-weight assembly 201 (and the array 112) can always be moved in the same direction. This approach may cause uneven wear on the tracks 202, 203 and pinions 206. Second, motor-weight assembly 201 (and the array 112) can be moved in a direction that requires the least travel from the current position of the motor-weight assembly. In some cases, where the wheel 114 travels by a distance greater than the circumference of the track 202, the assembly 201 must move more than 360 degrees around the track 202 regardless of the direction chosen. In the third scheme, the direction of rotation of motor-weight assembly 201 can alternate each time the array 112 is moved, so that any wear on the tracks 202, 203 and pinions 206 is more even.
Using the internal gravity drive to operate the array in a constant azimuth velocity mode is simpler. The motor-weight assembly 201 is simply rotated around the tracks 202, 203 at the same angular rate as the desired rotational speed of the wheel 114 to provide the desired azimuth velocity. That is, to have the radar array 112 revolve around the platform with an azimuth angle velocity T1 (in radians per second) about the axis "B", the wheel 114 must roll at a (linear) speed of T1*R1, where R1 is the radius of the track 152 on which wheel 114 moves. For the wheel 114 to roll at this linear speed, the angular speed T2 of the wheel 114 about its own axis "A" must be given by T2=T1*R1/R2, where R2 is the radius of the wheel 114. The motor-weight assembly 201 must then revolve around the tracks 202, 203 with the same angular velocity T2. It is understood that there is a transient response, as the wheel 114 speeds up from a velocity of zero to a velocity of T2 The transient response is recognized and factored into the radar signal processing, using array angular position sensing, described further below.
Although the exemplary internal gravity drive includes the tracks 202, 203 on a wheel 114 at the end of an axle 130, the wheel may be a separate wheel attached to the same axle.
In the case of a conical array assembly 715 or a frustum shaped array assembly 710 of the types shown in
Internal Gravity Drive with Moment Arm
With the moment arm 303 present but only a single track 302, a different power transmission technique is used to provide power to the motor assembly 301. For example, in
With a moment arm 303, it is possible to have a motor located in the axle 330 provide the torque to rotate a weight around the circumference. However, the configuration in
Other moment-based systems may be used to rotate the wheel 114 and/or array assembly 310. For example, a motor at the circumference of the radar array 112 may drive a roller or gear that engages the inner circumferential surface of wheel 114, causing the wheel to roll without rolling the radar array 112. This technique has the advantage that processing the array signals is simpler, because the array does not rotate about its axis "A" when the wheel 114 rolls. This variation may include, but does not require a second wheel 132. It is possible to support the end of axle 130 opposite the radar array 112 using a universal joint or the like.
Alternatively, a motor in or coupled to the axle may apply a torque to rotate the wheel 114 and/or radar array 112 relative to the motor. This variation also would not require a second wheel 132 and could support the axle 130 through a universal joint. It would, however, require a motor capable of producing a greater torque than the other methods described above.
One of ordinary skill in the art can readily construct other drive mechanisms suitable for revolving radar array 112 about the platform 150.
It is important for the processing of any signals received by the array 112, and for any servomechanism used to rotate or position the array, to know the position of the array 112 in azimuth, and the array's angular orientation at any given time as it rotates about its own axis "A". The array angle determination is unique to an array that rotates about its own central axis.
In a system where the circumferential length of the first track 152 is an integer multiple of the circumferential length of the first wheel 114, the azimuth angle serves as a relatively crude measure of the rotation angle of the radar array 112 about its axis "A." However, over time, positional errors (e.g., due to wheel slippage on the track 152) could add up so that the rotation angle measurement is out of tolerance.
In a more general rolling axle array system 100, it is not desirable to restrict the circumference of the track 152 to even multiples of the circumference of wheel 114. In other words, the radius of platform 150 is not restricted to an even multiple of the radius of wheel 114. In this more general case, there is no one-to-one correspondence between azimuth angle and array rotation angle. The array 112 can revolve in the same direction about the axis "B" of the platform 150 any number of times, and each time there is a different array rotation angle when the array 112 passes through the zero azimuth angle position. Although it is theoretically possible to determine the rotation angle if the complete history of the rotation of the array 112 is known, such a measure would be subject to the same positional errors mentioned above for the integer relationship between track and wheel circumferences. Therefore, it is desirable to make a direct measurement of the rotation angle of the array.
It is desirable to achieve this position determination without adding any mechanical links between the array assembly 110 and its stationary platform 150. (For purpose of describing the angular position sensing system, the reference numerals of
Axle Mounted Optical Bar Code
Reference is again made to
Referring again to
In the example of
In the system of
One of ordinary skill can readily determine a desirable location to mount an optical sensor 136 corresponding to any given location of the marker 135. For example, in a smaller array (not shown) where the bullring gear 170 can be near the circumference of the platform 150, the marker can be placed on the circumferential surfaces of the first wheel 114 (e.g., behind flange 118). In this configuration, the sensor 136 may be positioned on the movable portion 172 of the bullring gear 170, or on a platform 167, with the sensor facing up towards the circumferential edge of the array.
Alternatively, the marker may be a disk shaped pattern placed on the rear surface of the radar array 112 itself, in which case the sensor 136 can be mounted on one of the brackets 162 facing the array, or on a separate bracket coupled to movable ring portion 172. (An exemplary disk shaped pattern is described below in reference to
Although the exemplary embodiment of
Although the optical bar code 135 is read by sensing reflected light, it would also be possible to replace the white regions of the pattern with transparent regions. Then the pattern could be illuminated from inside the axle, without using the scanner 136 to provide illumination. Techniques for processing light from a backlit pattern are discussed in greater detail below, with reference to
The optical bar code system described above maintains the desired freedom from mechanical links encumbering the rolling array assembly 110, so that the assembly is free to roll around the tracks 152, 154.
Angular Position Sensing Using an Optical Encoding Disk.
As noted above, the optical sensor 136 is active. It shines a light on the bar code 135, receives a reflected pattern, and transmits a signal representing the pattern back (for example, using an optical link) to a receiver for use in processing the signals returned by the radar array 112. Alternative systems transmit the raw light data back for processing in the system signal processing apparatus.
The first ring has two bars, the second ring has 4 bars, and so on. The angle resolution (in degrees) is equal to 360/2b, where b is the number of rings. With nine rings of bar codes, resolution down to 0.7 degrees is achieved. In practice, 12 or 13 columns or more may be used, to achieve precision of 0.09 or 0.04 degrees respectively. The bar code at any angular position is determined by reading radially across the bar code 435. The corresponding rotation angle is easily determined from this binary representation of the angle.
The disk pattern 135 has an inherent advantage over the rectangular pattern 135, in that, as the radius of a ring of bars increases, the circumference of that ring increases proportionately. By placing the least significant bits (bars) of the pattern on the outermost ring, a greater width is provided for each bar. This makes it inherently easier to have clearly defined bars in the least significant bit position, even when there is a larger number of rings (i.e., greater bit precision). Although it is possible to arrange the disk with the most significant bits on the outside rings and the least significant bits on the inside, such configurations are less preferred.
Another difference between the exemplary optical encoding disk 435 and the pattern 135 is the presence of transparent regions in the disk 435. Instead of black and white regions, the disk 435 has opaque (preferably black) regions and transparent regions. The disk 435 may be, for example, a transparent film on which an opaque pattern is printed, or an opaque layer deposited and etched. Alternatively, the disk 435 may be a photographically developed film.
Because the optical encoding disk 435 is flat, it is easy to shine a collimated light through the transparent regions of the disk, throughout the range of rotation angles of the optical disk. Because transmitted (and not reflected) light is used, there is no need to illuminate the optical encoding disk 435 with a scanner. Instead, the light pattern can be read directly using the disk reader 436. As in the case of the axle mounted bar code of
The optical reader 436 is best seen in
As shown in
In the gravity drive systems shown in
Alternatively, a bar code pattern (or other machine readable pattern) may be placed on the inner circumference of the wheel 114, and a sensor such as a scanner (not shown) may be placed on a pivotally mounted plumb line or member hanging downwardly from the axle 130 within the array. The sensor would at all times be directed radially downward toward the bar code pattern on the inner surface of the wheel 114 at the point of contact with the platform. Because the sensor would point downward at all times, while the barcode inside the circumference rotates, the sensor would provide a reference direction, from which the rotation angle of the array could be measured using the internal bar code.
One of ordinary skill can readily develop other alternative mechanisms for determining the angular rotation of the array 112.
As shown in
The system comprises at least one optical fiber (e.g., 447, 448) that revolves around an axis "B" when the array assembly 410 that includes a radar array 112 revolves around the axis "B". In the exemplary embodiment, there is a bunch of transmit fibers 447 and a bunch of receive fibers 448. The optical fibers 447, 448 receive a light pattern from the optical encoding disk 435 that specifies information from the array assembly. The system also includes a stationary device 490 that remains optically coupled to the revolving optical fibers 447, 448 for receiving the light pattern while the optical fiber(s) revolve around the axis "B". (Although the information in the exemplary embodiment specifies a position coordinate of the radar array—namely the roll angle of the radar array—a passive fiber link as described herein could also be used to transmit other information to and from the array assembly 410).
For azimuth drive systems using the bullring gear 470 and pinion gear 480 arrangement, it is convenient to run the passive optical fiber link through the drive bracket assembly 462 for several reasons. The bracket assembly 462 maintains a position near to the axle 430 of the array assembly 410, and is a convenient mounting location for the optical reader 436. The bracket assembly 462 mounts to the bullring gear 470 and rotates with the gear, so that the positional relationship between the fiber bundles 447, 448 and the array assembly 410 are constant. Also, by running the optical fibers 447, 448 through the bracket assembly 462, interference between the fiber link and any of the components of the support platform 450 or any of the components of the radar array assembly 410 are avoided. Nevertheless, other fiber routing schemes are contemplated, as discussed further below.
The embodiment of
The exemplary multi-layered optical slipring is mounted concentrically with the azimuth drive assembly. This positioning facilitates the ability for the movable fiber bundles 447, 448 to remain in constant optical communication with the optical slipring 490 as the array assembly 410, the movable ring portion 472 and the movable fiber bundles 447, 448 all sweep through the entire range of azimuth angles from zero to 360 degrees.
The optical slipring 490 uses the ability of a conical reflector to re-direct light.
Although a single fiber device 2500 as shown in
Optical slipring 490 a has a plurality of conical reflectors 495, 496 positioned at respectively different levels. Each conical reflector 495, 496 is at least partially located within a respective one of the transparent layers. At least the apex of each conical reflector 495, 496 is located within a transparent layer. (The base of each conical reflector can, but need not, be within a transparent layer, and can extend into a separation layer above the layer 491 in which the apex is located). The conical reflectors 495, 496 are aligned with respective input fibers 487, 488. None of the plurality of reflectors 495, 496 is axially aligned with any other one of the plurality of reflectors, in either the vertical or horizontal directions. For example, reflector 495 is coupled to fiber 487, and reflector 496 is coupled to fiber 488. Although
The interface from the stationary components (i.e., light source 482 and receiver 483) to the optical slipring 490 a includes a first plurality of optical paths, 487 and 488 each facing the apex of a respective one of the conical reflectors 495, 496.
The interface from the moving components (e.g., sensor 436) to the optical slipring 490 a include a second plurality of optical paths perpendicular to the first plurality of optical paths 487, 488. The second plurality of optical paths include the transparent layers 491. Each of the second plurality of optical paths 441, 443 extends from the outer circumference of a transparent layer 491 to a side surface of a respective one of the plurality of conical reflectors 495, 496 and has a 360 degree field of view.
The interface from the moving components also includes a plurality of movable optical fibers 441, 443, each capable of maintaining an optical coupling to a respective one of the second optical paths 491 during movement of that movable optical fibers. This is easily achieved if the optical slipring 490 a is located along the central axis "B" of the system, and the movable fibers 441, 443 are radially aligned with the center of the transparent layers at all times.
The conical reflectors 495, 496 may be encapsulated within the transparent layer 491, so there is no air break or gap between the conical reflector and the transparent material of layer 491. To the extent that the separation layers 492 (with reflective surfaces 493) extend all the way to each fiber, they improve the optical isolation between the transparent layers.
Alternatively (as shown in
Similarly, the light that is transmitted from fiber 487 to conical reflector 495 is scattered horizontally in all radial directions. A portion of this light will reach fiber 441.
Although the exemplary embodiment uses the optical slipring 490 beneath the platform 150 in combination with the bullring gear azimuth drive, there are other applications for the optical slipring. For example, in another embodiment (not shown) a light source could be pivotably suspended on a plumb line or member beneath the axle mounted bar code 135 of
Reference is now made to
Although the example of
Referring again to
Preferably, if the reservoir 497 is included, the optical slipring 490 is located beneath the reservoir.
In the embodiment of
Although the optical readers 636′ and 636″ of
Although the exemplary embodiments include specific combinations of subsystems, the various components described above may be combined in other ways. In general, with adaptations, any of the subsystems (azimuth drive, angle sensing, light transmission, cooling) may be used in combination with any other subsystem. Although the exemplary azimuth drive, position sensing, light transmission and cooling subsystems are shown in examples that include the two wheel configuration of the array assembly, these subsystems may also be adapted for use in a single wheel embodiment, an embodiment having more than two wheels, or embodiments having the cone or frustum shaped housing.
Although the invention has been described in terms of exemplary embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Rather, the appended claim should be construed broadly, to include other variants and embodiments of the invention, which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and range of equivalents of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 9, 1981
|Mar 13, 1984
|Litton Systems, Inc.
|Optical slip ring assembly
|Feb 19, 1986
|Jun 7, 1988
|United Technologies Corporation
|Fiber-optic rotary coupler with lossy microbends
|Dec 23, 1996
|Sep 21, 1999
|Li; Ming-Chiang
|Optimum edges for speakers and musical instruments
|Mar 22, 1999
|Feb 13, 2001
|Tracstar Systems, Inc.
|Device for positioning an antenna
|Aug 25, 2000
|Jul 17, 2001
|Motorola, Inc.
|Tracking antenna and method
|Jun 22, 2001
|Jun 18, 2002
|Ems Technologies Canada, Ltd.
|Mechanism for differential dual-directional antenna array
|May 17, 2001
|Nov 29, 2001
|Ipaxis Holdings, Ltd.
|Portable, self-contained satellite transceiver
|U.S. Classification
|385/25, 385/26
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Oct 26, 2004
Owner name: LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION, MARYLAND
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:TIETJEN, BYRON;REEL/FRAME:015935/0835
Effective date: 20020408
|Jan 10, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 5, 2011
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 26, 2011
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20110605


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