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Chansky, Kari MS*; Sculier, Jean-Paul MD, PhD†; Crowley, John J. PhD*; Giroux, Dori MS*; Van Meerbeeck, Jan MD, PhD‡; Goldstraw, Peter MB, FRCS§; on behalf of the International Staging Committee and Participating Institutions
*Statistics Department, Cancer Research And Biostatistics, Seattle, Washington; †Department of Intensive Care and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; ‡Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; and §Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.
Disclosure: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Address for correspondence: Kari Chansky, MS, Cancer Research And Biostatistics, 1730 Minor Ave STE 1900, Seattle, WA 98101. E-mail: email@example.com
Purpose: To assess the impact of cell type, age, and gender in addition to pathologic tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage in surgically managed stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases from the international staging database of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer.
Material and Methods: From the 67,725 cases of NSCLC submitted to the staging database, 9137 surgically managed cases were selected for which all the following variables were available: pathologic stage, age, gender, and specific histologic cell type. Performance status and smoking history were examined in subsets. Methods used were Cox proportional hazards regression and recursive partitioning and amalgamation (RPA) analyses.
Results: Pathologic TNM stage, age, and gender were all independently prognostic for survival. The bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) subtype had superior survival over other cell types despite the potential for heterogeneity in this group. Adjusted comparisons revealed a small survival advantage for squamous cell carcinomas over non-BAC adenocarcinoma histology and also over large cell, though the effect appeared to be limited to the male patients. RPA revealed the importance of TNM stage primarily, and age was prognostic within stage groups. Cell type was not found to add prognostic value in the RPA analysis. Prognostic groups were formed based on the RPA output, and the prognostic value of these groupings was validated using the North American Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registries. Performance status and smoking history were prognostic in the subsets where data were available. Effects of other variable were not influenced by the inclusion of smoking status in regression models.
Conclusions: Age and gender are confirmed as important prognostic factors in surgically resected NSCLC. Cell type is less important, although the small population of cases classified as BAC have a survival advantage over other histologies, and there may be a small survival advantage for squamous cell carcinomas over non-BAC adenocarcinomas. Imbalances between stage, gender, and cell type at presentation may lead to a misleading result with respect to cell type in unadjusted analyses. Pathologic TNM category is the most important prognostic factor in this analysis.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) International Staging Committee has submitted proposals for revision of the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) descriptors1–4 and stage groupings5 for lung cancer in the forthcoming (7th) Edition of the International Union Against Cancer and American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors. These proposals were developed using a very large database that was specifically collected from individual databases for that purpose. As part of this effort, the Prognostic Factors Subcommittee of the International Staging Committee reported on the role of other prognostic factors, in addition to stage, with respect to survival in 12,428 clinically staged cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).6 Age, gender, and performance status were all found to be prognostic for survival after adjustment for stage of disease. Cell type was found to be only minimally prognostic within the non-small cell types, with the squamous cell carcinoma cell type having a slightly superior survival overall after adjustment for other factors. However, the effect of cell type only appeared important in the stage IIIA cases.
Here, we examine primarily a subset of those prognostic factors (cell type, age, and gender) in 9137 pathologically staged NSCLC surgically managed cases selected from the IASLC database. The large number of cases and relatively homogenous group with respect to management (surgery as part of definitive treatment in all cases) allowed us to explore the prognostic impact of cell type in greater detail than has been possible in the analyses of single institution series or of population-based registries. The relative prognoses for the adenocarcinoma and squamous cell histologies have been reported with various results. In consideration of the potential for disproportionate representation of the different cell types within patient groups, particular care was taken to explore the relationship with respect to survival between stage, cell type, and gender.
The methodology of the IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project and the major proposals have been reported.2–5,7 All data were retrospective, and, by mutual agreement, were transmitted to Cancer Research And Biostatistics (CRAB) as coded data without identifiable private information, with appropriate regulatory permission from the contributing sites. The project was reviewed and determined to be exempt from further human subjects review by CRAB's institutional review board.
In total, 100,869 cases were submitted to the international database, of which 81,015 remained eligible for analysis after exclusion of cases outside the study period (1990–2000), those with unknown histology, those not newly diagnosed at the point of entry and those with inadequate information on stage, treatment or follow-up. Of the eligible cases, 67,725 cases were of non-small cell histology. Of these, 15,236 were pathologically staged, surgical cases with sufficient T, N, and M descriptor information to reclassify according to the IASLC proposals for the 7th edition of TNM. From this group, 9137 stage I-IIIA cases were identified as having come from databases that distinguished the bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) subtype from the other adenocarcinomas as a separate category wherever it was identified and reported by the local pathologist. The time frame for these cases mostly predates the 1999 3rd edition of WHO guidelines for the classification of lung tumors,8 so that many cases classified as BAC were potentially adenocarcinoma with a BAC component, rather than pure BAC without invasion. Although there was no central histopathological review of cell type and we therefore cannot be certain that the allocation of cell type was consistent across groups, especially in identifying BAC, the recognition of a separate category for BAC or adenocarcinoma with BAC features was felt to be important.
Age, gender, and cell type were available for all of these cases. Performance status was unavailable in two thirds of the cases; therefore, this factor was not included as a factor in the primary analysis but was explored in a subset. Because all of these cases were candidates for surgery, performance status typically did not exceed 1 on the Zubrod scale in those cases where performance status was provided. Smoking history was also unavailable for 54% of cases; therefore it was explored separately as well. Patients who were documented as having received neoadjuvant chemotherapy were not included in these analyses. Cases with notation of chemotherapy at some time point after surgery (in about 8.5% of the cases where the data were provided) were allowed.
Cases included in the primary analysis were from 27 separate databases representing 18 countries. The largest contributions were from the Bronchogenic Carcinoma Co-operative Group of the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (GCCB-S, 1851 cases) and the Norway Registry (1737 cases), which collected surgical cases specifically. The majority of cases were from surgical series or hospital consortia submitting surgical cases to a central registry. A small proportion of cases (143 cases) were from population-based registries (collecting cases from all treatment modalities) and 476 were from clinical trials (Table 1). Of the 9137 cases included in this analysis, 1950 had also been included in the previous analysis of clinically staged cases.
Survival was measured from the date of surgery until death due to any cause, and median survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic groups were assessed by Cox regression analysis on overall survival, using the SAS system for windows version 9.0 PHREG procedure. In regression analyses, stage and histology categories were modeled categorically using indicator variables. For ease of interpretation, age was considered as a dichotomous categorical variable with a cutpoint of 70. Although the cutpoint for age was 75 in the previous paper from this group, there was a smaller proportion of cases that were over age 75 in the current surgical subset. Thus, a cutpoint of 70 was chosen, which is consistent with the age cutpoint frequently cited for clinical trials in "elderly" patients. The decision to use a dichotomous age variable was reinforced by the fact that when regression models were adjusted by age as a continuous variable for comparison, the resulting hazard ratios for cell type, stage, and gender were the same to within ±0.03. Significance testing for binary variables (age and gender) was done using the Wald statistic. Comparisons of individual levels of stage and histology also used a Wald test for each individual hypothesis. Because of the number of variables used and models considered, the threshold for statistical significance was adjusted to 0.01.
Recursive partitioning and amalgamation (RPA) analyses9 were performed to generate tree-based models by stage (proposed version 7 TNM) plus the key prognostic factors: age, gender, and cell type. The tree algorithms were performed on a training set consisting of the entire set of 9137 cases available for analysis, and the resultant prognostic groupings were then tested for validation against appropriate surgical cases in the 1998–2002 time frame from the U.S. National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Registries (SEER) database. To ensure a comparable study group for validation, only those NSCLC cases in the appropriate TNM category and with a surgery code indicating a surgical resection were selected. SEER reports best stage, which is generally pathologic stage in a surgically resected case.10 TNM stage categories were derived from extent of disease codes (such as tumor size and other tumor descriptors) and N-stage, which are sufficient to reclassify cases to the revised staging scheme. Only cases that were reclassified as stage I-IIIA in the proposed new staging scheme were selected.
Variables entered into the RPA analysis were stage (as an ordered variable), age (as both categorical and continuous in separate iterations), gender, and cell type (as a group of indicator variables). The RPA generated tree-based models for the survival data used logrank test statistics for selecting "best splits" of the data to form the terminal groupings and bootstrap resampling to correct for the adaptive nature of the splitting algorithm. For validation of the survival tree result, the terminal nodes were then grouped according to similar hazards and the newly formed groups were evaluated using the SEER database.
The adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma histologies comprised the largest proportions of the study sample (36 and 49%, respectively). Squamous cell carcinomas predominated in stages II and III and were less frequently stage I (35%) as compared with the adenocarcinomas (46%). There were imbalances with respect to gender and histology. Among female patients, 55% were adenocarcinoma and 25% squamous cell. In contrast, the male patients were 30% adenocarcinoma and 57% squamous cell (Table 2).
Survival is ordered according to pathologic TNM category (proposed version 7) as expected (Figure 1A), with median survival estimates ranging from 19 months for stage IIIA to 95 months for stage IA. For cell type across all stages combined, the BAC subtype has a median survival of 83 months, followed by adenocarcinoma, 45 months, versus 44 months for squamous cell carcinomas, 34 months for large cell, and 26 months for adenosquamous (Figure 1B).
The following variables were considered in Cox proportional hazards regression analyses: pathologic TNM stage (using IASLC proposals for the 7th edition of TNM), age, gender, and histologic cell type (adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma versus large cell versus adenosquamous versus BAC). Unadjusted analyses (where each factor was considered independently) revealed significant differences between BAC and all other cell types, between male and female patients, and between patients 70 and older versus patients less than 70 years of age (Table 3, results for unadjusted models). In unadjusted analyses across all stages and both genders, the adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas did not have a significantly different prognosis. However, in a model including all factors, (cell type, pathologic stage, gender, and age), squamous cell has a significant survival advantage over adenocarcima and large cell, suggesting that, all other things being equal, the squamous cell carcinoma histology carries a slightly better prognosis (Table 3, results for adjusted models). There was no significant difference between large cell and adenocarcinoma, or between adenosquamous and any other non-BAC histology.
There is a small but statistically significant interaction between histology and gender (p = 0.006 on a global test comparing full and reduced models). To illustrate the nature of the interaction, the survival statistics for histology, age, and stage are shown separately for female and male patients in Table 3. In female patients, there is no significant difference between squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas or between any other non-BAC histologies after adjusting for stage and other factors (though the survival estimates favor the adenocarcinomas). There is, however, a significant survival advantage for squamous cell carcinoma over adenocarcinoma and large cell among male patients, and this seems to be the source for the finding that there is a small survival advantage for squamous cell carcinomas overall.
Within stage groups, no differences were seen between any of the non-BAC histologies that reached the significance threshold of 0.01, though the hazard ratios in the stage II and III categories favored the squamous cell cases, and BAC had a significant survival advantage (p ≤ 0.0001) among the stage I cases only (statistics not shown).
Stage, age, gender, and cell type were entered into a RPA analysis to generate a survival tree of recursive splits on the dataset. Viewing only the splits that were statistically significant after accounting for multiple tests, stage, age, and (in a limited partition of the data) gender remained as important variables (Figure 2). Unlike the results of a regression analysis, the survival tree resulting from an RPA method can often provide an easy visualization of the relative importance of various factors in particular subsets of the data.
The most important factor overall is pTNM stage, and within stage categories, age is prognostic. Beyond that, in the under-70 stage IA group, female gender is a favorable prognostic factor. Using this recursive splitting algorithm, there was never a point at which cell type was found to be the most important factor in any partition of the data. Entering age as a continuous rather than categorical variable did not change the structure of the tree with respect to the relative importance and position of the factors involved in the splits, so a categorical representation (with a cutpoint at 70 years) was chosen. The RPA resulted in a survival tree with 10 terminal nodes that could be grouped according to hazard ratios to form five groups of approximately similar prognosis. Groups could be defined according to the following criteria:
Stage IIIA—group 5.
Stage IIB—group 4, increase by one level (to group 5) if age ≥70.
Stage IIA—group 3, increase by one level if age ≥70.
Stage IB—group 2, increase by one level if age ≥70.
Stage IA Males—group 2, increase by one level if age ≥70
Stage IA Females—group 1, increase by 2 levels (to group 3) if age ≥70.
For example, a stage IIA patient, age 80, would be placed in group 4. A stage IA patient, age 65, would be placed in group 2 if male, or group 1 if female.
Applying these definitions to the SEER data (n = 9221) for validation resulted in the survival curves seen in Figure 3. All adjacent groups are significantly different from each other at the 0.0001 level, with hazard ratios between adjacent groups ranging from 1.34 to 1.75. Adding cell type as a set of indicator variables to a regression model containing the RPA group variable was a significant addition by a global test, largely because of differences between squamous cells, adenocarcinomas, and BAC. However, it should be noted that this addition only improved the R2 value (a measure of percent variance explained11) from 21.8 to 22.6.
In the 3027 cases where performance status data were available, performance status was independently prognostic for survival in an analysis adjusting for gender, stage, and cell type. Using the Zubrod scale, a performance status of 1 conferred a poorer prognosis than a performance status of 0 (H.R. = 1.16, p = 0.005), and the small number of cases (n = 35) with a performance status of two or higher had a worse prognosis than those with performance status 1 (H.R. = 1.61). Importantly, in this analysis of a subset of the data, the findings for the different cell types, gender, age, and stage remained the same as those resulting from the entire dataset where performance status was not included. This suggests that the findings for these factors are independent of performance status.
Smoking history was examined in the subset where the data were available to distinguish between current (n = 1258), former (n = 1155), and never-smokers (n = 54). Smoking status differed by cell type, so that 1.3% of squamous cell cases were never-smokers, when compared with 9.4% of adenocarcinomas and 20% of BAC. In this subset, there was no difference between former smokers versus never-smokers (H.R. = 1.16, p = 0.16), but current smokers had a worse prognosis than former smokers (H.R. = 1.21, p < 0.0001) and also worse than never-smokers (H.R. =1.41, p = 0.0017). Definitions for "former smoker" may have varied, but it could be concluded that smoking conferred a negative prognosis in a univariate setting. In a multivariate analysis including stage, cell type, gender, and age, the difference between current and former smokers remained significant (p = 0.001), although the difference between former and never-smokers did not (p = 0.93). The addition of smoking status as a factor in the model did not modify the observed effects of other factors.
Previous analyses of prognostic factors in surgically resected NSCLC have covered specific areas such as smoking history,12,13 comorbidities,14,15 and general clinical and demographic features,12,16–22 with the typical number of cases ranging from less than 100 to approximately 5000. Other studies have had sample sizes ranging from 1000 to 19,000 and may have an impressive list of covariates to study but do not focus exclusively on surgically managed patients.23–27 A systematic review of the literature in 2002 revealed that the number of factors studied overall is narrow, and the results heterogeneous.28
Studies of gene expression11,29–33 show promise especially as a means to identify early-stage patients who (by virtue of a poor prognosis or a predictive marker) might benefit from adjuvant therapy. However, these studies usually involve a small number of patients, often from a range of treatment modalities. Gene expression profiling studies in lung cancer are (with some exceptions31–33) limited with respect to cell type, and the prognostic capabilities of newly discovered profiles are rarely tested in conjunction with other prognostic factors. Gene signatures will only be applicable in the clinical setting when they can be consistently proven to provide information beyond that which can be derived from readily available clinical and anatomic factors.34 Until then, in lung cancer we rely primarily on stage category, certain emerging biologic markers,35 and clinical patient characteristics.
The methods used in the current analyses are meant to be complementary. Recursive partitioning analyses (RPA) have been used to develop prognostic categories to inform the development of staging systems, for example in lung cancer as part of the IASLC effort5 and in multiple myeloma.36 This type of application presumes that patients will, in practice, be allotted to the categories that were generated by the RPA results to provide an estimate of prognosis. However, tree-based models such as RPA are often used as part of exploratory analyses, to gain understanding without the intention of applying the terminal groupings to clinical practice. They may be used instead, for example, to create prognostic categories within which to analyze the effect of a certain treatment variable,37 or to suggest further refinement to existing classification schemes.38 The hierarchical structure of RPA modeling can elucidate relationships between factors that are not easily seen with traditional regression models, allowing for the detection of relationships based on conditional information in specific subsets of the cases. In the context of this study, the survival tree provides a visualization of the most important factors and the subsets within which they are most important. The amalgamation of the terminal nodes into groups facilitates validation of the results, but in this case there is no intent to apply these groups to clinical practice.
In this analysis of surgical NSCLC cases from the IASLC lung cancer staging project, age, stage category, and gender were all prognostic for survival. Cases designated as BAC had a superior prognosis compared with other histologies, and squamous cell carcinomas were slightly favored over adenocarcinomas and large cell, but only after adjusting for imbalances in gender and stage. The superior prognosis for the squamous cell carcinomas when compared with other histologies was not seen in female patients.
In a subset of the dataset with sufficient information, former smokers had a better prognosis than current smokers, and the small number of never-smokers likely hindered our ability to draw a reliable conclusion about that category. Most studies report a survival advantage for nonsmokers or lighter smokers,12,13,39 although some report that adjusting for histology or other factors eliminates the significance of smoking status.15,40 Adjusting for smoking status did not modify the effects of cell type or other factors. This finding suggests that results based on gender, stage, and cell type are valid even in the absence of a smoking history. However, smoking and cell type are clearly not independent, with the majority of nonsmokers shown to be in the adenocarcinoma (especially BAC) categories in this and other studies,12,40–42 and both factors are also related to gender. The interactions among these factors are important in NSCLC research, and the acquisition of smoking status should be included in the data collection process for future investigations. The importance of this factor will increase as newer data collections will be more likely to be linked with laboratory data on various molecular markers. Analyses sometimes focus on smoking intensity (by means of pack-years or other measures)12,39 rather than the "ever-smoked" versus "never-smoked" categories because of inadequate numbers of nonsmoking lung cancer patients for study. However, the distinction between ever-smokers and never-smokers will be important, and studies should be designed to recruit as many never-smokers as possible. Performance status was also prognostic in the subset where data were available, and this too is an important factor that should not be ignored when collecting data on surgical cases.
Although gender and stage are almost universally recognized as prognostic factors in lung cancer, reports vary regarding the impact of histology, and particularly regarding comparisons between the two most common non-small cell histologies, where results have been inconsistent. Much of the disparity could potentially be explained by the omission of other important factors in such analyses.
Some examples of recent findings are given in Table 4, showing various results for survival comparisons by histology. Within cases of resectable NSCLC, failure to adjust for stage and gender is the common feature in studies where the adenocarcinoma cell type is found to be superior. For example, the recent publication from the Japanese Joint Committee of Lung Cancer Registry16 reported on an impressively large collection of over 13,000 lung cancer cases that underwent surgery at participating hospitals during a 1-year period in 2002. In addition to reporting superior survival for female patients, the adenocarcinoma cell type was also found to carry a better prognosis overall, with a 67% 5-year survival for adenocarcinoma, compared with 53% for the squamous cell type. The authors acknowledged that the analyses of prognostic factors (including histology) were not adjusted for other factors such as stage or gender. Such adjustment may have led to a different result.
The authors also noted that BAC and adenocarcinoma with BAC were not identified separately but were included in the adenocarcinoma category. This is reasonable given that the BAC subclassification has undergone several changes in definition, with new recommendations from a joint effort of the IASLC, ERS, and ATS forthcoming. In any case, a BAC designation by any criteria seems to confer a more favorable prognosis,8 and so the inclusion of BAC with the other adenocarcinomas may boost the survival prognosis for the adenocarcinoma category overall.17 Conversely, the identification of BAC as a category distinct from other adenocarcinomas may reveal a survival advantage for squamous cell carcinoma relative to non-BAC adenocarcinoma.18
Studies that adjusted for stage (with or without gender) found either no difference between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell, or a superior prognosis for squamous cell. For studies that reported results from unadjusted along with results from adjusted analyses, the unadjusted analyses typically found in favor of adenocarcinoma, whereas the adjusted analyses found no difference (Table 4).
In this study, there are clear imbalances between stage and cell type and gender and cell type. The squamous cell cases are only 13% female, versus 38% female for the adenocarcinomas. With regard to stage, 46% of the adenocarcinoma cases were stage I, compared with just 35% for the squamous cell carcinomas. Although none of the contributing databases drew explicitly from a CT screening program, the large registries and consortia would not have excluded such cases. It is possible that some of the stage I cases were screen-detected, and among adenocarcinomas the screen-detected cases seem to have a much longer tumor volume doubling time.43 Furthermore, given that the IASLC database derives from multiple sources, some BAC cases or cases of adenocarcinoma with BAC features are certain to have remained unidentified within the larger adenocarcinoma category, with the majority of those most likely being female patients with early stage disease. Adjusting for stage and gender mitigates any effect of imbalance that would favor the adenocarcinoma cell type, and reveals a possible survival advantage for the squamous cell type. Cell type will continue to be an important factor for data collection, especially in clinical trials, as studies of newer agents may show different effects depending upon histology.44,45
Using the database of the IASLC International Staging Project, we conclude that for surgically managed pathologically staged I-IIIA NSCLC (according to the IASLC proposals for the 7th edition of TNM), age, gender, and to a lesser degree certain cell types, in addition to pTNM stage are all prognostic. Stage remains to be the most important factor, followed by age, and in early stage cases, gender. The cases classified as BAC in this dataset would have varied from pure noninvasive BAC to invasive adenocarcinoma with BAC components. Nevertheless, this category had a prognosis distinct from the other subtypes. Regarding a comparison of the two most common NSCLC lung cancer histologies, the squamous cell carcinomas may have a better prognosis than the non-BAC adenocarcinomas, particularly among male patients with early stage disease, but the question remains as to whether the undetected inclusion of the BAC subtype within the adenocarcinomas obscures what might otherwise be a survival advantage for squamous cells in female and male patients. Data collection for future studies should uniformly require smoking history in addition to the other factors.
Supported by the AJCC grant "Improving AJCC/UICC TNM Cancer Staging."
Eli Lilly and Company provided funding to support the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) Staging Committee's work to establish a database and to suggest revisions to the 6th Edition of the TNM classification for Lung Cancer (staging) through a restricted grant. Lilly had no input into the committee's analysis of the data or in their suggestions for revisions to the staging system.
P. Goldstraw (Chairperson), Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK; H. Asamura, National Cancer Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; D. Ball, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia; V. Bolejack, Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, Washington, USA; E. Brambilla, Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire, Grenoble Cedex, France; P. A. Bunn, University of Colorado Health Sciences, Denver, Colorado; D. Carney, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; K. Chansky, Cancer Research and Biostatistics, Seattle, Washington, USA; T. Le Chevalier (resigned), Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; J. Crowley, Cancer Research And Biostatistics, Seattle, Washington, USA; R. Ginsberg (deceased), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; D. Giroux, Cancer Research And Biostatistics, Seattle, Washington, USA; P. Groome, Queen's Cancer Research Institute, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; H. H. Hansen (retired), National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; P. Van Houtte, Institute Jules Bordet, Bruxelles, Belgium; J. -G. Im, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; J. R. Jett, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; H. Kato (retired), Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo Japan; C. Kennedy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; H. Kondo, Shizuoka Cancer Centre, Sunto-gun, Japan; M. Krasnik, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; J. van Meerbeeck, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; T. Naruke, (deceased), Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; E. F. Patz, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; P. E. Postmus, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; R. Rami-Porta, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain; V. Rusch, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; N. Saijo, National Cancer Centre East, Kashiwashi, Japan; J. P. Sculier, Institute Jules Bordet, Bruxelles, Belgium; F. A. Shepherd, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Y. Shimosato (retired), National Cancer Centre, Tokyo, Japan; L. Sobin, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC; W. Travis, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; M. Tsuboi, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan; R. Tsuchiya (retired), National Cancer Centre, Tokyo, Japan; E. Vallieres, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA; J. Vansteenkiste, Leuven Lung Cancer Group, Belgium; Yoh Watanabe (deceased), Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan; and H. Yokomise (retired), Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
O. Visser, Amsterdam Cancer Registry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; R. Tsuchiya and T. Naruke (deceased), Japanese Joint Committee of Lung Cancer Registry; J. P. Van Meerbeeck, Flemish Lung Cancer Registry-VRGT, Brussels, Belgium; H. Βülzebruck, Thorax-klinik am Universitatsklinikum, Heidelberg, Germany; R. Allison and L. Tripcony, Queensland Radium Institute, Herston, Australia; X. Wang, D. Watson and J. Herndon, Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB), USA; R. J. Stevens, Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, London, England; A. Depierre, E. Quoix and Q. Tran, Intergroupe Francophone de Cancerologie Thoracique (IFCT), France; J. R. Jett and S. Mandrekar, North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG), USA; J. H. Schiller and R. J. Gray, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), USA; J. L. Duque-Medina and A. Lopez-Encuentra, Bronchogenic Carcinoma Co-operative Group of the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (GCCB-S), Spain; J. J. Crowley, Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG); J. J. Crowley and K. M. W. Pisters, Bimodality Lung Oncology Team (BLOT), USA; T. E. Strand, Cancer Registry of Norway; S. Swann and H. Choy, Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), USA; R. Damhuis, Rotterdam Cancer Registry, The Netherlands; R. Komaki and P. K. Allen, MD Anderson Cancer Center-Radiation Therapy (MDACC-RT), Houston, Texas; J. P. Sculier and M. Paesmans, European Lung Cancer Working Party (ELCWP); Y. L. Wu, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Peoples Republic of China; M. Pesek and H. Krosnarova, Faculty Hospital Plzen, Czech Republic; T. Le Chevalier and A. Dunant, International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial (IALT), France; B. McCaughan and C. Kennedy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; F. Shepherd and M. Whitehead, National Cancer Institute of Canada (NCIC); J. Jassem and W. Ryzman, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; G. V. Scagliotti and P. Borasio, Universita' Degli Studi di Torino, S Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, Italy; K. M. Fong and L. Passmore, Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; V. W. Rusch and B. J. Park, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; H. J. Baek, Korea Cancer Centre Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; R. P. Perng, Taiwan Lung Cancer Society, Taiwan; R. C. Yung, A. Gramatikova, John Hopkins University, USA; J. Vansteenkiste, Leuven Lung Cancer Group (LLCG), Belgium; C. Brambilla and M. Colonna, Grenoble University Hospital-Isere Cancer Registry, France; J. Hunt and A. Park, Western Hospital, Melbourne Australia; J. P. Sculier and T. Berghmans, Institute of Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium; A. K. Cangir, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; D. Subotic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; R. Rosell and V. Aberola, Spanish Lung Cancer Group (SLCG), Spain; A. A. Vaporciyan and A. M. Correa, MD Anderson Cancer Center-Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (MDACC-TCVS), Houston, Texas, USA; J. P. Pignon, T. Le Chevalier and R. Komaki, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Paris, France; T. Orlowski, Institute of Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland; D. Ball and J. Matthews, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, East Melbourne, Australia; M. Tsao, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; S. Darwish, Policlinic of Perugia, Italy; H. I. Pass and T. Stevens, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, USA; G. Wright, St. Vincent's Hospital, Victoria, Australia; C. Legrand and J. P. van Meerbeeck, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium.
This article has been cited 19 time(s).
Non-small cell lung cancer; TNM stage; Pathologic stage; Prognostic factors; Histology; Cell type; IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project
© 2009International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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I have not toured yet but have read many related books and journals and I don't recollect truck stops mentioned as a place to get a shower.
A relative owned a truck stop and he indicated that truck stops have paid showers.
Another question is that when stealth camping, one cannot shower/bathe unless next to a river or lake and weather permitting. I am habituated to shower every morning and and am uncomfortable with the idea of starting a day w/o a shower. I am sure many bike tourists have experienced the same and wonder how to manage. Guess such luxuries have to be left home!

subset: commoncrawl


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Doing whatever they can to help special need children and their families. Such a great foundation. more »
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Fireside chats, hot cocoa, festive decorations, and twinkling lights. Spend these special days in Virginia with the ones you love.
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WIFI! Pet friendly. Nice, clean, cozy 3br/2bath home near Clintwood/Haysi & John Flannagan Lake. Home ...
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Southern Heritage Inn
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If you are planning a trip to Dickenson County in Southwest Virginia, then Misty Mountain Cottage "your home away from home", located in the town o...
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We are conveniently located in the center of Clintwood and just steps away from the Ralph Stanley Museum and the Jettie Baker Center. Our hotel off...
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If you're not quite sure about a college major or career choice, then you've come to the right place. You'll be very pleased to know that Alvin Community College offers one of the best and most comprehensive Career Services Centers. We're looking out for you because we want to help lead you into a rewarding career.
Registered students and alumni have the ability to post multiple resumes and cover letters for employers to view and search jobs, send online inquiries, locate job fair information, and receive employment bulletins. Select the JobLink logo above or visit www.alvincollege.edu, and select the JobLink button and follow the links. For more information about JobLink or to receive assistance in the ACC Career Center Lab, call 281-756-3560 or stop by Room A205, Building A (next to the Learning Lab).
Students and alumni can search for employment opportunities and apply online directly to an employer's web site.
Career Services abides by the principles set forth by the National Association of College and Employers (NACE). Review NACE Principles.
Career Services can help you find student workers and/or student assistants for your department. Students that are searching for on-campus jobs contact ACC Job Placement Services. Our staff can coordinate with Financial Aid to ensure the proper paperwork and approval is completed. Just let us know what semester and how many qualified students you will need.
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Disclaimer: Alvin Community College makes no particular recommendations or guarantees regarding employers or employees. We are acting as a referral service only. Thus, we are unable to research each organization or person that posts a job with the college.
Address: 3110 Mustang Road, Alvin, TX 77511
Telephone: (281) 756-3500
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2007-11-16Former Law Enforcers is Detained for Drug Addiction
On November 4, Malkhaz Zhuzhunadze, the chairman of Akhaltsikhe Election District # 37 was detained in his own house based on the investigative information of the Akhaltsikhe District Police Department. He was accused of illegal possession of drugs. Nugzar Samarjishvili, the attorney of the detainee, stated that his client will not plead guilty and claims that the drug substance did not belong to him and he had never dealt with narcotics in his life.
2007-11-13Georgia's Ambassador to Switzerland Resigned
2007-11-13Khaindrava Is Interrogated by the Counter-Intelligence Department on Suspicion of Espionage
2007-11-13Starvation has Defeated Fear of Death in the "Town of Miners"
If you were to visit the "Town of Miners" settlement, you might think that bombing occurred only a few days ago. It is four kilometers away from the village of Skhvilisi, situated on the right side of the central motorway to Vale..
2007-11-09Gamsakhurdia and Natelashvili Disappeared
Several opposition leaders disappeared since the November 7 demonstrations. Nobody knows the location of Koko Gamssakhurdia and Shalva Natelashvili. Davit Usufashvili, leader of the Republic Party, stated that everybody was poisoned after dispersal. Members of his party feel better and are discussing the future plans of their activities. As for the members of other parties, their situation is much vaguer.
2007-11-08Publication of Alia Newspaper Suspended on Account of Emergency Rule, Several News Agencies Also Suspend Activity
2007-11-08Due to State of Emergency Free Flow of Information Restricted through All Independent Televisions and Radios
2007-11-08Clubs and Tear Gas used against Students in Batumi
Students at Batumi State University were in their class rooms when tear gas was released into class rooms during lectures. Injured students were taken from the university building by emergency medical personnel.
Nine-Year-Old Boy Killed by Pneumatic Gun in Chalaubani Village Reasons of Infant's Death in Tsnori to Be Estimated Press-release: Presentation of the book "Trust and Peace Building in the South Caucasus" Documentary Film by Giorgi Janelidze Won American Film Festival Anti-sanitary problem resolved in Sartitchala village Archive
Who shall be punished for the crimes committed during the August 2008 armed conflict?
Fragile Peace in Balkans
After a long and complicated preparation period, on July 30, we landed in Sarajevo. Despite scary landing caused by bad weather conditions, I
Hungry Commission Members and Commission Chairpersons Angry with Observers in Batumi
Seal without Carve and Voter with Two Names in Guria
Villages of the Hopeless
I learned about healing water Dzuguri first several days ago. Having searched information, we learned that Dzuguri water is sold near the chain
What happened to Dream of Justice Revival?
Triggers of Prisoners' Mass Protests


text: We're so thrilled to share that British model/actress/Lucky office obsession Suki Waterhouse has landed a major role as a Dauntless faction member in the Divergent movie sequel, Insurgent, scheduled to hit theaters March 20, 2015. Waterhouse will portray Marlene, a Dauntless-born initiate who is friends with Shailene Woodley's character, Tris. This is the fifth acting role for the London-based It girl, previously appearing in the 2012 movie Pusher and on an episode of the TV series Material Girl. But as for the important stuff, like when we're going to start seeing pictures of Waterhouse and Woodley hanging out on Instagram, we don't have hard facts yet. Stay tuned!


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Fighting is definitely a part of the game (one of my favorite parts)! It wouldn't be hockey without the scrums.
Type: Posts; User: dimA; Keyword(s):
Fighting is definitely a part of the game (one of my favorite parts)! It wouldn't be hockey without the scrums.
How's it going? Haven't heard from you in a while. Hope that everything is good. Looking forward to your return.
Thanks. I also purchased some fish oil from TJ's a few days ago and plan to use it along with the flax seed oil for now. I might purchase some borage oil in the future.
Do you think...
Thanks -- Didn't realize that. Even though olive oil, peanuts, and almonds don't contain essential fatty acids, do you still believe that they should be included in a diet?
On Wednesday...
Great to see you posting your workout's again. Hope that it is a trend that will continue.
Do you think flax oil and fish oil supplements are necessary to receive appropriate amounts of...
Thanks for getting back to me. Sorry for being stupid. I should have went back and reread the journal before posting. Sorry for screwing it up so bad. When I went back to look I...
Hey aka, how's it going? I just started reading your journal about a month ago. I'm just reached page 30, and have learned so much already. I appreciate all of your advice and knowledge. You are...


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I am having an issue with duplicate posts appearing on my main 'home' page.
The home page is set as a static page and showing posts from my 'blog & news' page, however I have posts appearing above the welcome text and actual blog posts.
Link to my site - http://www.masara.co.uk/Blogs/BabyInformer/
I am a newbie to WP and still trying to work my way around it and have not touched the code. I have read many other posts on here regarding duplicate posts but do not understand what is meant by a 'loop' so not sure whether this is the issue.
I have tried to contact the template developer for support however nearly 3 weeks on and no reply so getting very desperate, can anyone help please?


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A Saturday night fire in a single wide metal trailer is under criminal investigation, Virginia State Police reported.
The fire occurred in the 16000 block of Lankford Highway in Nelsonia. Virginia Police Special Agents were notified at about 9:25 p.m. The trailer was used by the owners to block the public from looking into the back of their property. No injuries were reported.


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Flyers center Brayden Schenn was one of the regulars to appear at a voluntary skate on Friday
A couple weeks ago, the Flyers probably would have held a full practice with lots of drills, skating, conditioning and situational reenactments.
Friday afternoon, it was an optional skate in which three defensemen, seven forwards and one goalie participated.
"I think rest is important," coach Craig Berube said. "There's a few times we're gonna have to go out (for) afternoon games and stuff. It was optional today, but we had a bunch of guys go out anyhow. They like to go loosen up and do a little shooting. That's a lot different than practicing." ...


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Forget password?
Remember Me
And Tim O'Reagan proves how wise that advice can be.
Fans already know O'Reagan through his work with The Jayhawks, for whom he played drums and also wrote songs that were strong enough to find a place among those of bandleader Gary Louris.
But though his distinctive vocals earned him a place in their vocal tapestry, he stayed in the background, as drummers must do, a few yards from the action that transpired at the front of the stage.
Well, those days are over for O'Reagan, whose self-titled debut is not what you might expect from a drummer who's stepping out on his own.
It is, for example, extraordinarily musical, beginning with the first track. "These Things" sets an immediate mood, with an accordion – not a zydeco blast but a French musette that might have been sampled in some Left Bank café. The rhythm sets in, ambling and strolling, with someone whistling absently in the background behind the lyrics, "I'm looking still" If you weren't paying attention enough to notice the dark cast of the rest of the words, you'd think this was a lover's wistful reverie.
Some of that has to do with O'Reagan's singing. His style is conversational, understated, and richly emotional. It's not hard to discern his influences, but in the end his voice is like none other. It is, in fact, a classic rock vehicle, harking back to Dylan, Lennon, even soul music of sixties vintage: melodic, aggressive when it needs to be, maybe a little sly and ironic, often haunting, ultimately unforgettable.
Then there are the songs. Think of them as prairie Americana, sweetened with a psychedelic sprinkle and treated now and then to a European vacation. Tendrils of melody weave through verses and explode in the choruses. They're sharp too, many of them wrapping around hooks that aim for your ear and dig into your memory. Just check out "River Bends" and you'll know what we mean: That line, "goodnight, desire," would have sounded perfect coming through your AM radio on some steamy summer night back in the 70's.
And, before we forget, he plays most of the instruments. A few guests, mainly friends in Minneapolis, do sit in (Jayhawks Gary Louris and Marc Perlman for instance) and do contribute to the mix. But most of the guitar, the bass, the keys, and of course the drums are pure O'Reagan.
Not bad for a guy who used to hear music in terms of locking the kick drum to the bass line. But judging from Tim O'Reagan, something deeper was stirring even as he was breaking into music on the R&B circuit in Kansas City. Eventually he and his friend Todd Newman put a band together called the Leatherwoods and headed toward the Twin Cities.
They cut one album, Topeka Oratorio, co-produced by Paul Westerberg.
O'Reagan quickly found a foothold in the lively scene that centered on Minneapolis. After four years of playing with the Leatherwoods and others in Minneapolis Joe Henry recruited him for shows and sessions. "Playing and writing with Todd and then just being a part of the Minneapolis music community put me on the track of writing my own songs.
Then in 1996 O'Reagan joined The Jayhawks. For more than ten years the Minneapolis-based band had built its success on a foundation of brilliantly crafted original material. Their standards, in other words, were high, which made it especially impressive that they would include "Bottomless Cup" on O'Reagan's first CD with the band, Sound of Lies. He started singing around that same time too, all of which got him thinking about doing a project of original music, on his own. "I got a rehearsal space lined up," he remembers. "I got a little more time in my schedule. I got married to a great woman with great health insurance and that's what allowed me to finally get to work on this."
O'Reagan moved ahead at a comfortable pace. First he brought in John Woodland, a respected guitar tech in Minneapolis, to join him as co-producer. Then there were the players, who included Jayhawks alumni Louris, Perlman, Mark Olson and Karen Grotberg, former Son Volt bass player Jim Boquist, and bassist James "Hutch" Hutchinson from Bonnie Raitt's band. Sessions were pretty loose: O'Reagan would usually show up at each musician's house with his gear, set it up, and record wherever everybody felt most at ease.
Most of Tim O'Reagan, though, is Tim O'Reagan. Over the space of about a year and a half he laid down the majority of these tracks on his own. After letting them sit for a while, he'd often come back and tweak them a bit, sometimes far beyond their initial form. "I've got four or five versions of some of them," he says. "I think 'River Bends' went through about 50 transformations in tempo, feel, and melody. Consequently, there are three other versions that I could easily turn into other songs."
But that's for another project, on another day. For now, thanks to Tim O'Reagan, even those who admire his contributions to The Jayhawks will be caught off guard by the gifts he's been nurturing, more or less in secret.
In fact, you can forget – for now, at least – that "give the drummer some" idea. O'Reagan – a romantic, a philosopher, a wry observer of life's oddities, an artist who is here to stay, and sure, a drummer too – gets his due on Tim O'Reagan, on his own terms.


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Storm hits Poultney hardestStaff Report | July 03,2014Green Mountain Power spokeswoman Dorothy Schnure said that Poultney, where winds in excess of 70 mph were reported, was the hardest hit by storm that blew into the region this evening.
"We've got multiple polls down, wires down," she said at around 7:30 p.m. "There's a lot going on in Poultney. We've got, at this point, 363 seperate events and about 5,000 customers without power and 2,000 of those are in Poultney."
Other heavy concentrations were in West Rutland and the city.
"Rutland was damaged by the same storm cell coming through, but to a lesser extent," she said.
Schnure said GMP had 55 of its own two-person line crews out along with 32 contract line crews and 50 contract tree crews.
She said further outages were possible as the storm system moved through the state and that the company expected it would not have power restored to everyone until the end of Friday.MORE IN This Just In
Rutland's Secret Santa is getting an early start this year. Full Story
Rutland City Public Schools will employ 26 less people next year than it budgeted for this... Full Story
CLARENDON — Chambers Farm has launched a gofundme page to raise money to help cover... Full Story
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lubbock isd - Page 5
"Project SOS" School Supply Drive Starts Tomorrow in Lubbock
Chad's Morning Brief: Upset With LP&L? Upset With LISD? Pay Attention!, DOJ Prevents Zimmerman From Getting His Gun Back, & More
Estacado High Teacher Greg Burnham Selected for Air Force Leadership Training
Lubbock High School Swimmer Madisyn Cox Named to Four All-American Lists
Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees Approve Budget and Officially Name Berhl Robertson Superintendent
Lubbock ISD Employees to See A Pay Raise for the 2013-14 School Year
Dr. Berhl Robertson the Right Choice for LISD? [POLL]
Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees To Name Finalist for Superintendent on Saturday
The Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees will meet tomorrow at 3:30 to name a finalist for the Superintendent.
The meeting will be held at the United Spirit Arena in between the Monterey and Estacado High School graduation ceremonies...
Graduation Ceremonies for Lubbock Start Friday
Graduation ceremonies for the high schools of Lubbock ISD and other area districts start Friday evening.
The commencement for Lubbock High starts tonight at 6 p...


text:
With Instructables you can share what you make with the world, and tap into an ever-growing community of creative experts.
While in the process of setting up my new shop, I needed some way to organize and store a bunch of small hand tools. A length of PVC ...
Using PVC (or ABS) pipe of a diameter appropriate for your storage needs (I used 1-1/2") cut sections with one square end and one sharply angled end. I ...
Using a punch, nail, or awl, make a divot about 5/8" up from the point of the pipe section and start a wood screw into it. Make a ...
Fill er' up! A few notes: Experiment with sizes. If you are putting anything edged in the holders, you should cram a piece of foam in the bottom ...
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I Have a Dream… By Ovais Abowath29 March, 2012
I have a dream …. I have hope … I have optimism …. I still breathe … I still move and somehow this city still lives.
What Happens Next? By Lubna Jerar Naqvi28 March, 2012
A Dozen vehicles torched, several killed and injured and a metropolis like Karachi was brought to a standstill once again following the murder of a political party member by a party worker of the ruling party – this is only Tuesday's news.
Misbah Blundered, India Plundered By Omair Alavi20 March, 2012
There is no doubt that Indian cricket team emerged as the better side against Pakistan in Mirpur this week, but Pakistani captain Misbah ul Haq is also to blame for the loss.
Tips for Balochistan Experts By Sajid Hussain8 March, 2012
If you're suffering from writer's block, try writing on Balochistan. Your problem will be solved. So what if Balochistan's problems remain unresolved even after the publication of your masterpiece! You need not worry about your lack of understanding of the subject, because using your mightier-than-the-sword pen on Balochistan is an accomplishment in its own right.
State-Crony Capitalism By Asif Punjwani2 March, 2012
Recently Iran agreed to export 80,000 barrels crude per day to Pakistan. Pakistan requested a loan of $500 Million from Iran for the pipeline to be built. Iran refused for $500 million but agreed for half the amount – $250 million. This loan of $250 million doesn't have the interest rate decided or the loan repayment length. The fun does end here. Russia is "pressuring" Pakistan to award a $1.2 Billion Oil Pipeline 'no-bid' contract to Gazprom, a Russian firm that has used its economic clout for political gains in Europe.
Bluffs,Tears and Apologies By Madiha Ishtiaque1 March, 2012
Stop the Drama! That's one statement for it. There has to be a clear difference between a morning show and a theatre performance, and Maya Khan has victoriously blurred it to invisibility. Don't you get the feel of being cheated, your naivety in gluing your eyes on the morning TV screen being mocked at, and you as audience being hoaxed in the name of 'creating awareness'? Yet I should salute Ms. khan for her 'genuine concern' for the people of Pakistan and her absolute devotion in shelving her married life in a corner so she could rightly serve the nation.
Imran and Orban By Fouad Khan24 February, 2012
For a few days during the month of cusp between 2011 and 2012, in those shallows of packaged punditry called New York Times Op-Ed Section, Pakistan was no longer the country frothing the most foreboding omens for future. That dubious honor was moved, albeit temporarily to the shoulders of Hungary; a landlocked little nation sitting squat in the middle of Europe.
Israel, India and the Persian Puzzle By Aijaz Zaka Syed22 February, 2012
This is perhaps what the expression 'setting the cat among the pigeons' means. Just when Israel was putting up that little show, going around theworld crying about the way Iran was targeting its peaceful diplomats around the world, the ayatollahs come up with their own little performance taking everyone's breath away.
Understanding Inflation – Our Core Problem By Asif Punjwani31 January, 2012
One Rupee was all I wanted for lunch at school during my early school days, enough to buy me one bag-a-chips, and three Rupees for Thursdays to enjoy Pepsi. This was about two decades ago. Today a bag of chips cost Rs7 and Pepsi Rs20. So what happened? Am I getting 7 times the amount of Chips or Pepsi? Or is it my money worth less? This one's pretty easy to answer after enjoying Pepsi. If I had saved those Rs3 from 20 years ago, it would have lost 86% of its value today. So how did this happen? How did the value of my Rs3 erode away as time went by? Where did the purchase powergo? To answer this, we will have to understand Money and the role of Central Banks.
Facebook Frenzy By Muhammad Talha26 January, 2012
Internet has really converted the world into a global village. This E-world phobia seems to be getting the better of juveniles as well as
the adults. Internet has provided many media in the form of chat messengers which allow people to make acquaintance with strangers from all over the world. Facebook is one of them.


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Ben Agnor
- Filed Under
Riverheads sophomore Dillon Martin picked off a pass at the goal line with just 15 seconds left in the game Friday night to preserve the Gladiators 41-35 victory over the East Rockingham Eagles.
"When you play sophomores, they are going to make some mistakes," Riverheads head coach Robert Casto said. "He (Martin) got burned a couple of times and I kept yelling and yelling at him, but he made a play when he had to."
East Rock took the opening possession and drove downfield to take the early 7-0 lead on a 1-yard run by Bret Reel. ...


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Windham senior Lauren Sullivan was .01 seconds away from winning at the Division 2 state ski meet.
"And she was really bummed out," Windham coach Kellie Steward said. "Slalom is her event. So she came into this feeling down but she knew she had nothing to lose."Read More »
One day after capturing the state title, the unbeaten North Andover girls ski team completed the trifecta by winning the Interscholastic league race at Bradford. The unbeaten Knights finished with 584 1/2 points to easily outdistance runner-up Andover.Read More »
Pinkerton's Nicole Gonya won the giant slalom (1:18.62) and took second in the slalom (59.62) to lead Pinkerton to a third-place finish at the Division 1 ski meet.Read More »
Sara Faigel was the individual winner (23.08) to help Andover win 77-58 over Mascomomet in girls skiing.
North Andover, meanwhile, stayed perfect at 6-0 as it beat Austin Prep 122-13 behind a second-overall individual finish behind Maria Cavallaro (23.25).Read More »
North Andover's Maria Cavallaro won in 23.52 and her twin sister Rachel Cavallaro was third in 24.23 to help the Scarlet Knights down Masconomet 78.5-56.5.Read More »
North Andover's girls skiing team opened its season with a sweep of its two meets, including 80-55 over rival Andover. Freshmen Maria and Rachel Cavallaro finished second and third individually to lead the way.Read More »
Nicole Gonya finished second individually in the slalom and third in the giant slalom to pace Pinkerton's girls ski teamto second overall behind Exeter at the New Hampshire state meet.Read More »
North Andover won the North Shore League title for the first time since the 2006-07 season, snapping Andover's six-year run of domination. The Knights were led by Jenna Royal (5th overall on the day), Cameron Deery (6th), Juliet McFadden (7th), Emma Callamaro (10th), Emily Colwell (12th) and Hannah Twadelle (13th).Read More »
North Andover's girls ski team remained unbeaten and defeated Andover for the first time in three years, 77-58. Freshman Cameron Deery continued to impress for the Knights, finishing third in 21.54 on the Ski Bradford course.Read More »
Kerry Christopher of Andover won the giant slalom in a photo finish over Manchester's Alex Marshall 21.95-21.96. She led the Golden Warriors to the Interscholastic (North Shore League) Meet championship. Andover also got a third from Julia Ganley and a fourth from Sara Faigel. Catie Wolstromer took seventh to lead North Andover.Read More »
RallyNorth.net is a product of the Eagle-Tribune Publishing Co. All rights reserved.
© 2015 Eagle-Tribune Publishing Co., 100 Turnpike St., North Andover, Mass. 01845; 978-946-2000
High school sports schedules are subject to change.


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Game Credits
|Thief (2014)
|(Senior Level Designers)
|Resident Evil: Operation Raccoon City (2012)
|(Game Designers)
|TRON: Evolution (2010)
|(Additional Design)
|Raze's Hell (2005)
|(Levels, animation)
|Guess Who? (2001)
|(2D Animation)
|Turok (2008)
|(Propaganda Games)
Developer Biography
There is no biography on file for this developer.
If you have a portrait of this person, you can upload it to the MobyGames database.
Related Sites
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Thursday, December 25, 2008
© Copyright 2015 Clayton News Daily
By Valerie firstname.lastname@example.com Kroger supermarkets throughout Henry are pitching in to prevent hunger this Christmas. The annual Can Hunger Food Drive began last month, and runs through Dec. 31. Close to $5,000 in proceeds raised from the drive in Henry County will be donated to local-area Second Harvest food banks. In years past, donors dropped canned goods directly into bins at the front doors of the stores, but this year, Kroger provides reusable, prepackaged grocery bags shoppers may purchase for a $10 donation. In addition, shoppers may also give $1 or $5 donations to purchase a paper "Can Hunger" icon. Every $10 donation provides 10 meals, said Glynn Jenkins, Kroger spokesperson. "The Henry County stores, at this point, have raised in excess of $4,800," he added. Kroger stores have a new, environmentally-friendly theme for this year's campaign. "We're really going green this year," he said. "That's our theme, reuse and reduce hunger." Designing the reusable food bag was an effort to reach out to customers, while providing them with a way to protect the planet. The participating stores in Henry are on Georgia Highway 138 and Hudson Bridge Road in Stockbridge, Price Quarters and Jonesboro roads in McDonough, and Fairview Road in Ellenwood. "We kick it off right around Thanksgiving and go from there," said Jim Pusateri, manager of the Highway 138 store. "I think we're over $1,500 in donations," Jennifer Kuller, a manager at the Kroger on Jonesboro Road, stressed the ease with which donations can be made by shoppers giving canned goods, or giving cash to a cashier at the checkout counter or the customer service desk. Mike Cayhill, manager at the Price Quarters Road store, said the prepackaged bags, or the paper icons, are an improvement over canned goods, because the canned product could get dented and damaged.
More like this story
- Kroger launches bag-design contest ( April 23, 2009 )
- Kroger 'Can Hunger' campaign under way ( December 14, 2011 )
- Kroger 'Can Hunger' campaign under way ( December 14, 2011 )
- Grocer raising funds for cancer-research efforts ( October 16, 2009 )
- Kroger participates in annual MDA fund-raiser ( March 13, 2009 )


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From the Film Maker
Compared to other more peaceful landscape paintings, I feel that Wheat Field with Cypresses provokes feelings of loneliness, sadness, anger and even violence. As Van Gogh himself said, 'My pictures are almost a cry of anguish.' I think that the feelings of agitation in the painting come in part from the mass of twisting lines and dynamic curves repeated several times throughout, and this characteristic is what inspired the choice of professional bowling as an activity. Spare is about a tenpin bowler who is spending an evening practising alone in the bowling alley. The colours of Van Gogh's painting are echoed in those of the bowling alley's décor, and the repetition in the work is reflected in the character's repeated actions, and in his apparent frustration and loneliness. The film also attempts to convey a sense of the character's impending death or departure, referring to Van Gogh's final days and his suicide.
Jeongeun Choi
A piece inspired by Vincent van Gogh, Wheat Field with Cypresses, 1889


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By far the best high chair we have ever owned! This has everything! Very clever design and it grows with your child. It's the #1 bestseller on Amazon. Comes from a smoke free and pet free home. Manual is included. Priced to sell! For questions or to schedule a pickup, please send me an email or call/text 917-620-9098. Here is the link and specs...
http://www.amazon.com/Graco-Blossom-Seating ...
Nov 3 -
New York City :
Brooklyn - Baby & kid stuff
Wooden restaurant furniture for sale. Discount for bulk purchases, deeper discount for whole lot. Dining room furniture is very solid wood construction, was used for only a few months. The office desks and dresser however are from Ikea and are MDF. Condition of dining room items varies from like-new to good. Some items are almost perfect, some have a few dings and scratches but nothing a ...
Oct 22 -
New York City :
Brooklyn - Business & industrial
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This post was written in collaboration with Joe Deshotel, Briana Medearis, Yannis Banks, and Chas Moore.
It's been all over the news, but not everyone understands Black Lives Matter. So for this Thanksgiving, we asked folks who served on last summer's #BlackLivesMatter panel in Austin to help us with this post.
So whether it's that conservative friend of yours on Facebook, your uncle at the Thanksgiving table, or Ted Cruz, we've got you covered.
America is a nation founded by refugees and built on values of freedom, opportunity, and tolerance. That's why it's so fitting that the Statue of Liberty reads, "give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free."
Unfortunately, some politicians still can't help but pander to their political base, refusing life-saving assistance to those most in need.
So whether it's that old classmate on Facebook, a relative at the dinner table, or Ted Cruz...we've got ya covered.
We don't need to speculate about the consequences of the mass deportation of millions of people as proposed by Donald Trump and tacitly backed by Texas Gov. Greg Abbott and Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick. We can look to history and see the facts.
Twice, in the 1930s and 1940s, and again in the 1950s with the notorious and deadly "Operation Wetback," deportees suffered inhuman conditions. Many died. Families were torn apart. American citizens were caught in the deportation net and transported to Mexico. Many never found their way home.
No matter what our political affiliation, Americans of all stripes come together to honor the men and women of our armed forces on national holidays. And it's equally important that we stand with them in the days between as well.
On the same day that President Obama announced his endorsement of The Equality Act — a federal bill that would amend the 1964 Civil Rights Act to ban discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity — the Dallas City Council voted unanimously to clarify language in its equal rights ordinance to better protect the transgender community.
The 2015 November election season wrapped up yesterday with a number of strong progressive wins worth celebrating.
Though fear and discrimination prevailed to defeat the Houston Equal Rights Ordinance, the policies we fight for - better schools, campaign finance reform, and progressive leadership - had big wins both here in Texas and across the country.
Here are ten of the best progressive wins from the November 2015 election:
The Anti's claim to be "pro-life" but are really just hell bent on banning abortion in Texas and controlling women's bodies...health and safety be damned.
It looks like U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan, the Ayn Rand acolyte and failed vice presidential candidate, will become the Speaker of the U.S. House. This is after Republican House members capitulated to a series of Ryan demands, including a demand that he get what amounts to paid family leave on weekends. Say what?
Ted Cruz launched his presidential campaign seven months ago. After all that time, Cruz hasn't made any dent in the polls.
Today, the state health department sent government agents to serve Planned Parenthood with subpoenas for "patient records to employee home addresses." This latest attack on Texas women's access to safe, legal abortion care is an egregious abuse of state power that should concern all Texans.
The momentum continues to grow for marijuana policy reform.
After a year of unprecedented progress for marijuana policy reform and good polls from earlier this year, a new poll from the Texas Lyceum finds that a record 74% of Texans support reducing criminal penalties for small possession of marijuana.
Update 11/23/15: Planned Parenthood has filed suit against the state of Texas on behalf of the thousands of Medicaid patients the health care provider serves.
In yet another disturbingly political and utterly ruthless attack on reproductive health care in Texas, Governor Greg Abbott today trumpeted Texas' move to cut Planned Parenthood from the state's Medicaid program. In doing so Abbott is—yet again—recklessly using the power of the state to jeopardize the health and safety of Texas women and families.
Download our ballot guide today!
Voting is our right, and one we must exercise with responsibility. That's why we have put together this simple yet informative voter guide about the seven constitutional amendments on our 2015 statewide ballot.
Just when we thought the opposition to Proposition 1, the Houston Equal Rights Ordinance (HERO), couldn't get anymore despicable, notorious anti-LGBTQ crusader, Texas Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick decided to throw his tin foil hat into the mix.
The Houston Chronicle has endorsed HERO twice, and both times decried the shameful tactics of the campaign to repeal HERO.
GOP Congressman Kevin McCarthy shocked political insiders by dropping out of the race for Speaker. The representative from California was plagued by his admission that the Republican Benghazi hearings were simply a tool to bring down Hillary Clinton's poll numbers.
From minimum wage and equal pay to education, Texas Latinos are disproportionately impacted by policies that drive income inequality. Texas Democrats have been working to address these issues for years, with one main roadblock: Republicans.
- 1 of 34
- ››


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Attorney General: Can ban opinion polls
Top Stories
Even as the Election Commission of India (EC) pushes the central government to bring in a law to ban opinion polls during elections, the Union Ministry of Law and Justice is facing a peculiar problem.
Poll expense: Elections Commission initiates 'action' against Gopinath Munde
Attorney General Goolam E Vahanvati has assured the government that any ban on opinion polls as sought by the EC would be "constitutionally permissible". But the law ministry's problem is that there is an earlier opinion, given on April 8, 2004 by then Attorney General Soli Sorabjee, which says that any prohibition on opinion polls would be unconstitutional.
"The two opinions say the exact opposite of each other. We will have to tread cautiously as there is a possibility that somebody might go to court to challenge the decision. In 1998, the EC tried to ban opinion polls, but had to later withdraw the guidelines issued by it after the matter reached the Supreme Court. We are examining all aspects in the mater," said a senior officer.
As first reported by The Indian Express, the EC has sought amendment to the law to allow banning of opinion polls once the election process begins. The EC communication also points out that exit polls are already banned till completion of polling, since parliament passed the Representation of the People (Second Amendment) Bill in 2009.
The ban on opinion polls has been sought on the ground that they confuse the voters, thereby affecting the sanctity of the poll process. Incidentally, almost all political parties have unanimously supported a ban on opinion polls.
In his opinion in 2004, Sorabjee had termed a proposed ordinance by the then Atal Bihari Vajpayee government to ban exit and opinion polls as being violative of the right to freedom of speech and expression granted under Article 19(1)(a) of the constitution. He had opined that just because political parties had a problem with exit and opinion polls, the right to freedom of speech and expression of citizens couldn't be curtailed.
... contd.


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Photos: A look at how Evan Grant would address the Rangers' pitching staff this off-season
Photo: Al Messerschmidt/Getty Images
Trades: I'd certainly touch base with Tampa Bay's Andrew Friedman and see what it might take to engage in conversation regarding David Price or James Shields. Price is under contract for two more seasons; Shields has an option for 2013. Don't think the Rays would have as much interest in Kinsler as Toronto might, but I'd have the talk. If the Rays counter with a Price-for-Elvis Andrus offer, it would make me think long and hard.
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from £35 /night help Price for guests, Nights
2 reviews
from £35 /night help Price for guests, Nights
Estimated nightly price based on a weekly stay. Excludes fees (if applicable). Enter your dates to see the total cost.
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 4 Home 342460
Availability Your dates are available
Apartment / 2 bedrooms / sleeps 4
|Key Info
Papatya is located in a quiet sought after area of Turunc, adjacent to a mountainside dripping with the beautiful flora and fauna of the area.
Residents of the apartments have exclusive use of the swimming pool and landscaped gardens and are in a quiet exclusive area of the town yet only a pleasant 10-15 minute walk away from the beach, shops, village bars, restaurants, bus station, boat trips; water taxi (to Marmaris in season) and all the other central attractions and transportation facilities this small town has to offer.
The accommodation offers an independent home from home lifestyle 2 bedroomed spacious family apartment which can comfortably cater for a family group of 4 and can hold dinner parties for groups of up to 6. Papatya will be your home to come and go as you please and enjoy living as part of the integrated community, a far cry from the all inclusive package commonly offered these days!
The large kitchen is fully fitted and equipped including, dishwasher, electric and gas cooking facilities, fridge freezer, microwave and a water chiller\heating dispenser.
The spacious hallway leads to an open plan dining\lounge with the facility to seat 6 people and has both air-conditioning for keeping cool during the day and an open fire hearth for the cool evenings. The lounge area has a TV\DVD. A large bow window overlooks the town of Turunc and the stunning mountain scenery. The lounge leads to the balcony overlooking the swimming pool and gardens.
Both bedrooms have air-conditioning and separate balconies accessed by large patio doors. The main bedroom has a double bed and the other 2 single beds.
The bathroom has a marble topped vanity unit, integral enclosed shower and Jacuzzi bath.
Outside the Apartment has lockable storage facilities for sunbeds, chairs etc. for poolside use.
|Sleeps up to 4, 2 bedrooms
|2 bedrooms, 1 bathrooms of which 1 Family bathrooms
|Will consider
|Long term lets (over 1 month)
|Family friendly
|Great for children of all ages
|No pets allowed, No smoking at this property
Features and Facilities
|DVD player
|Shared outdoor pool (unheated)
|Air conditioning, TV, CD player, Safe
|Kettle, Toaster, Iron, Hair dryer
|Clothes dryer, Dishwasher, Cooker, Microwave, Fridge, Freezer, Washing machine
|1 Sofa beds, Double beds (1), Single beds (2), Dining seats for 6, Lounge seats for 2
|Linen provided, Towels provided
|Shared outdoor pool (unheated), Balcony or terrace, Shared garden, BBQ
|Parking, Suitable for people with restricted mobility, Not suitable for wheelchair users
This once thriving fishing village has now largely given way to providing wonderful holidays and there are many and varied restaurants, bars and shops, but the charm of this gem is that it has not lost its' friendly and intimate 'local' feel.
To one side of the bay is a small harbour, lined with attractive boats and water taxis and for a small price you can experience an excursion along the spectacular coastline stopping at coves and bays for swimming and a barbeque lunch.
The wonderful safe beach, which is lined with restaurants, has recently achieved the European Blue Flag Award and there is a limited range of water-sports available.
No matter where you stay in Turunc you are never more than a 10/15-minute level walk from the centre of activity and the beach but en-route there are mini markets and many watering holes!
Some foreign nationals have settled here including many Brits and although English is widely spoken, this is clearly a very Turkish village with a lifestyle to match.
The locals are disarmingly friendly and make you feel very welcome. They are very family orientated, love children and are eager to share their beautiful village with visitors.
The climate is fabulous. - The sun shines for 300 days a year and it rarely rains but when it does, it is usually just a very brief interlude and clear blue skies are not far behind! Even out of season the temperature is usually warm enough to sun bathe.
Apart from the restaurants/bars and shops, Turunc has one or two night spots but if you would like to venture further, the larger and busier towns of Marmaris and Icmeler, with their bustling clubs and nightlife, are just a short drive or taxi/bus ride away (for a real treat, the water taxi is also great!).
Turunc and the surrounding countryside is excellent for cycling and hiking. Other activities to try in the local area are boat trips, scuba diving, rafting and jeep safaris.
You often find they cost a lot less than you would expect to pay in other countries.
So whether you just want to sit round the pool or beach and soak up the sun, play in the fabulous clear warm sea, enjoy the excellent local food in one of the fantastic restaurants or maybe take one of the many available excursions to local historic sites, we can promise you a holiday of a lifetime here in Turunc.
Dalaman is the closest airport (approx.120km away) and transfers by taxi and/or car hire can easily be arranged.
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Add your voice to the conversation about this holiday home and your review will appear on TripAdvisor too.Write a review
27 Jun 2013
"Total relaxation in first class accommodation"
The location is ideal for a quiet holiday, yet close enough to the facilities (in the village) to give you some light exercise; all the shops, restaurants and bars are in very easy reach. The accommodation is well laid out with everything to-hand and in sparkling condition! The boat trip to Dalyan - Turtle Beach, the Tombs and the Mud Baths - was excellent and should not be missed. The temperatures in May are ideal but I guess that the pool will be well used to good effect during the hotter months
Thank you Tony and Maureen for your feedback we always welcome your returning visits.
26 Jun 2013
"The perfect family holiday."
The apartment is situated in the popular holiday resort of Turunc. Accomodation is very comfortable and well equiped. The centre of Turunc is about a 10 minute walk away, The resort of Marmaris is only approx 20 kilometres away and can be reached by bus or sea taxi. The locals were extremely welcoming and happy to see us. The local restaurants were all good - good food and very relaxing atmospheres. The beach is lovely with a fabulous clear sea, which is perfect to swim in and safe for children. Perfect for a family holiday. You must take a boat trip. We would recommend this holiday home to anyone who is looking for a relaxing family holiday. We will certainly be back!!
Thank you for your kind comments Simon and Suzanne thank you also for your booking for next year, we hope you enjoy your next stay as well as your last!
This advert is created and maintained by the advertiser; we can only publish adverts in good faith as we don't own, manage or inspect any of the properties. We advise you to familiarise yourself with our terms of use.
You're booking with
Martin H.
- 6 Years listed
50% Response rate
Calendar last updated:07 Aug 2015
Based in United Kingdom
- English


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Part-time, 42 year old tutor from Demarest, NJ with 5 years of experience and a background check available upon request
Demarest, NJ | 42 yrs old
5 years experience
part-time $40-50/hr
Demarest, NJ | 42 yrs old | 5 years experience | part-time $40-50/hr
Meet Esin
Hi, I am dual certified in Elementary Education (K-6) and Middle School Math, and I have classroom teaching experience in special education. My areas of specialty are Math and Language Arts; however, I can also tutor in Social Studies, Science and Study Skills. I am currently working in a NJ Elementary School. I also have master degree in Economics.
Has transportation
Willing to travel
10 miles
Business - Accounting
Business - Economics
Business - Finance
Business - Marketing
English - ESL
English - Grammar
English - Language Arts K-6
English - Reading
English - Writing
Math - Algebra 1
Math - Algebra 2
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My Little Pony Fashion and Friendship Storybook and Press Outs
Kids will not only enjoy this sweet story starring Rarity, the most beautiful unicorn in Ponyville, but they'll also be able to build Rarity's Carousel Boutique with the included punch-out pieces. And the fun continues as kids make up their own stories or put on a fashion show with the three included press-out ponies, a pony mannequin, and 6 press-out outfits with accessories. A pocket on the back cover stores all your press out pieces.
- Reader's Digest |
- 16 pages |
- March 2013 |
- Grades K - 2


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I was tortured. I know how important it is to hold the CIA accountable.
TPP will help workers in Vietnam pursue their rights
Members of Congress are asking if it is right to include Vietnam in the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement.
Court won't reveal money details of CIA 'torture' program
Judge says sums spent and sought in interrogation effort can stay secret
'Here's what I really worry about…'
One, a mass shooting at a mall. Two, an airliner blown up in U.S. skies. Former senior spook Michael Morell dishes on the dangers ahead.
Judge: CIA can keep Panetta review secret
FOIA suit for spy agency's internal assessment of interrogation records fails
Too fast on requiem for White House FOIA?
An appeal pending in New York could bring the National Security Council back under the key federal transparency law
Judge orders release of detainee abuse photos
The Pentagon has 60 days to hand over images or get a stay from a higher court.
The Lies Hidden Inside the Torture Report
The Senate's findings make clear the DoJ never really understood the torture program.
Burr takes CIA report fight to Senate referee
He turns to a parliamentarian to ask whether the panel violated chamber rules.
Feinstein readies anti-torture legislation
Her measure is aimed at explicitly preventing the practice.
Torture Needs to Be Illegal
It's not enough for presidents just to make promises.
Prosecute the Torturers
President Obama, a constitutional lawyer, is failing to observe the law.
Hillary Clinton: Pass torture laws
She makes her first comments since the Senate's CIA report was made public.
Our Founders Knew Not To Torture
So why didn't we?
How the Torture Could Start Again
The Feinstein report opens the door to future presidential waterboarders by blaming only the CIA.
Poll: Almost half say torture sometimes needed
Fourty-nine percent of respondents say torture tactics are sometimes justified, accroding to a new poll.
Feds in 2-front fight against release of records on CIA 'torture'
Obama administration won't fork over files on Panetta Review, DOJ probes
Bill Clinton: Let's push for more info on CIA torture
Clinton declined to fault former President George W. Bush.
Hayden defends CIA's use of rectal rehydration
He blames Senate Democrats for exaggerating the use of the technique.
Brennan defends CIA, won't say torture wasn't useful
He concedes that there were some missteps.


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My code is this:
byte[] byteArray = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(someText);
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream(byteArray);
StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream);
FileStream file = (FileStream)reader.BaseStream;
Later I'm using file.Name.
I'm getting an InvalidCastException: it displays follows
Unable to cast object of type 'System.IO.MemoryStream' to type 'System.IO.FileStream'.
I read somewhere that I should just change FileStream to Stream. Is there something else I should do?


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Cedar's All-Natural Roasted Red Pepper Hummus
Most tasters gave this hummus high marks for its "smoky and roasted" flavor and its "nice pepper chunks". Although a few felt the smokiness went a bit too far and overpowered some of the pepper flavor, many felt it was a "tasty" choice.
Reviewed: July 2012
Price When Reviewed: $2.99 for 12 oz.
What do you think?
5 Mail-Order Meal Kits Worth Your Money
We tried some of those dinner services you've been hearing about — here's how they cooked up.
Why Water Tastes Weird When You Leave It Out Overnight
It's not your imagination. It's chemistry.
13.5 Tons of Beef Recalled Over E. Coli Concerns
If you've recently dined out in Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, take note.
More From Food & Drink


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Fjord Pony X Gypsy Vanner = Ford Van
Saddlebred X Appaloosa= Saddle-loosa
Brabant X Friesian= Antifreeze
Halflinger x Quarter= Half Quart
Gotland X Appaloosa = Gotloose
Ardennaise X Noma =- Nomayonnaise
Welsh X Shetland = Wetland
LoL These ones made me laugh. Half Quart made me laugh because it reminds me when some people call little kids half - pint or something similar. Cute!