text:
Concerning the 81 513 502 pneumatic pressure switch. I see in the datasheet that the pneumatic connection is called out as 4mm with a tapped BSP connector. Is there a way to buy the switches with a 1/4" fitting?
What thread size is the tapped BSP connector?
Can a different pushloc adaptor be threaded into the BSP connection?
Thank you,
Pneumatic Pressure Switch Question
Started by grichins, Jun 24 2009 12:59 PM
1 reply to this topic
Posted 24 June 2009 - 12:59 PM
Posted 19 August 2009 - 08:17 AM
Crouzet part no. 81 513 502 has push-in connectors for 4mm O. D. semi-rigid tubing. There is a dash mark on the second line for the tapped British Standard Pipe (BSP) thread via connector. The dash indicates that this product does not have this option.
Products like part no. 81 513 533 are configured for 1/8" BSP.
Products like part no. 81 513 533 are configured for 1/8" BSP.
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Page 1
Genetic Epidemiology 36:451–462 (2012)
Reprioritizing Genetic Associations in Hit Regions Using
LASSO-Based Resample Model Averaging
William Valdar,1†∗Jeremy Sabourin,2†Andrew Nobel,2and Christopher C. Holmes3
1Department of Genetics, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
2Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
3Department of Statistics, Oxford, United Kingdom
Significance testing one SNP at a time has proven useful for identifying genomic regions that harbor variants affecting
human disease. But after an initial genome scan has identified a "hit region" of association, single-locus approaches can falter.
Local linkage disequilibrium (LD) can make both the number of underlying true signals and their identities ambiguous.
Simultaneous modeling of multiple loci should help. However, it is typically applied ad hoc: conditioning on the top SNPs,
with limited exploration of the model space and no assessment of how sensitive model choice was to sampling variability.
Formal alternatives exist but are seldom used. Bayesian variable selection is coherent but requires specifying a full joint
model, including priors on parameters and the model space. Penalized regression methods (e.g., LASSO) appear promising
but require calibration, and, once calibrated, lead to a choice of SNPs that can be misleadingly decisive. We present a general
method for characterizing uncertainty in model choice that is tailored to reprioritizing SNPs within a hit region under strong
with resample model averaging and multiple imputation, estimating for each SNP the probability that it would be included
in a multi-SNP model in alternative realizations of the data. We apply LLARRMA to simulations based on case-control
genome-wide association studies data, and find that when there are several causal loci and strong LD, LLARRMA identifies
a set of candidates that is enriched for true signals relative to single locus analysis and to the recently proposed method of
Stability Selection. Genet. Epidemiol. 36:451–462, 2012.
Key words: GWAS; case-control; genotype imputation; model averaging; LASSO; Stability Selection
C ?2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Supporting Information is available in the online issue at wileyonlinelibrary.com.
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
∗Correspondence to: William Valdar, Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7265.
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Received 11 October 2011; Revised 21 March 2012; Accepted 21 March 2012
Published online 30 April 2012 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/gepi).
DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21639
Single locus regression has become a staple tool of hu-
man genome-wide association studies (GWAS; WTCCC
[2007]). Despite the fact that it simplistically reduces the
often complex genetic architecture of a phenotype down
to effects at an individual single nucleotide polymor-
phism (SNP) (or other localized variant), it has proved
powerful in identifying major genetic determinants and
predictors of disease susceptibility [Cantor et al., 2010].
Many would acknowledge that simultaneous modeling
of all loci potentially yields fairer estimates of genetic
effect, more stable phenotypic predictions, and better
characterization of between-locus confounding [Hoggart
et al., 2008; Lee et al., 2008]. However, such multiple lo-
cus approaches are at present seldom used. This could be
because they are considered impractical, potentially hard
for readers to understand, or, with some theoretical sup-
port [Fan and Lv, 2008], unnecessary in an initial genome
explicit multiple locus modeling would hope to resolve is
efficiently, if bluntly, dealt with by the addition of regres-
sion covariates correcting for higher order geometric rela-
tionships in the data [Price et al., 2010] or probabilistically
inferred strata [Pritchard et al., 2000].
Nonetheless, once initial genome scans have been per-
formed and "hit regions" of association identified, short-
comings of a single-locus approach become apparent. Local
patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in such hit regions
can make ambiguous both the number of underlying true
signals and the identity of the loci that most directly give
rise to them [e.g., Strange et al., 2010]. Statistical analysis
after this point is often ad hoc. It typically involves fitting
further regressions that condition on "top" loci that appear
most strongly associated in order to rule out neighbors or
rule in suspicions of an independent second signal [Barratt
et al., 2004; Udea et al., 2003]. This is followed by more in-
terpretive analysis based on annotation as a prelude to, for
example, investigation at the bench. In ad hoc condition-
ing, rarely is there formal consideration of the fact that the
association of the top locus is often insignificantly different
from that of its correlated neighbors, and that whereas its
C ?2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Page 2
452Valdar et al.
association with the phenotype is probably stable to sam-
pling error, its superiority in association over its neighbors
is probably not. This inherent instability of the relative
strengths of association between confounding loci makes
such strategies high risk: a slightly different sampling of in-
dividuals could demote the conditioning locus, result in an
unstable when some of the loci are themselves known with
varying certainty, their genotypes having been partially or
wholly imputed [Zheng et al., 2011], such that weakness
of association is now also a function of imputation uncer-
There is thus great value in developing principled ap-
proaches to discriminate true from false signals in hit re-
gions. Joint modeling of all loci through multiple regression
seems attractive because it accounts for the LD of the data
[Balding, 2006]. Standard regression is unsuitable for this
purpose, however, because even when the number of con-
sidered loci p is much fewer than the number of individ-
uals n, LD creates multicollinearity that derails meaning-
ful estimation of locus effects. Stepwise multiple regression
techniques [Cordell and Clayton, 2002] formalize the ad
hoc conditioning approach but also inherit its weaknesses:
model selection choosing a single set of active loci typically
provides no indication about how sensitive that choice was
to, for example, sampling variability, making it a statistic
that is opaque at best and misleading at worst. Bayesian
approaches offer a coherent perspective by formally ac-
counting for uncertainty in model choice, effect estimation,
and imputation uncertainty [Stephens and Balding, 2009].
Nonetheless, these are often highly computationally inten-
the number of causal variants and their effects that analysts
may feel unprepared or unwilling to specify.
Penalized regression models can provide an alternative
that does not require a commitment to Bayesian learning.
gression leads to moderated estimates of coefficient effects,
allowing their stable estimation even when many predic-
tors are in the model. In particular, the LASSO [Tibshirani,
1996], which penalizes increases in the absolute value of
each coefficient subject to a penalty parameter ?, results in
some effects being shrunk to exactly zero. The result is a
"sparse" model in which only a subset of effects are ac-
tive. Increasing the level of penalization leads to greater
sparsity, effectively making ? a continuous model selection
parameter. Recent advances in fitting LASSO-type models
have made them more practical for analysis of large-scale
genetic data [e.g., Wu et al., 2009]. Nonetheless, as a tool for
modeling effects at multiple loci, the LASSO leaves impor-
tant questions unanswered. One problem is how to select ?.
This is typically approached through criteria-based evalua-
and BIC, empirical measures of predictive accuracy (such
as cross-validation [Friedman et al., 2010]), or criteria aim-
ing to control type I error (such as permutation [Ayers and
Cordell, 2010]). Another problem is, given ?, how to charac-
terize uncertainty in model choice. Although LASSO mod-
erates estimated effects through shrinkage, it is no better
than stepwise methods in that it ultimately selects a single
model (or single "path" of models, when ? is varied), and
thus states with absolute confidence a statistic that could in
fact be highly sensitive to the sampling of observations.
An intuitive way to characterize variability of model
choice is to estimate for each locus a model inclusion prob-
ability (MIP). A Bayesian approach would formulate this as
a posterior probability that conditions on both the observed
data and prior uncertainty in model choice. The Bayesian
MIP embodies a statement about whether the researcher
should believe the locus is included in the true model. A
frequentist alternative is to formulate the MIP as the prob-
ability a locus would be included in a sparse model under
an alternative realization of the data. This frequentist MIP
is thus a statement about the expected long-run behavior
of the model selection procedure. Valdar et al. [2009] pro-
loci to resamples of the data and defined the resample MIP
(RMIP) as the proportion of resampled datasets for which a
locus was selected. This resample model averaging (RMA)
sampling (i.e., "subagging"), and followed an earlier appli-
work on general aggregation methods by Breiman [1996]
and B¨ uhlmann and Yu [2001] (cf. parallel applied work
by Austin and Tu [2004] and Hoh et al. [2000]). Indepen-
dently, Meinshausen and B¨ uhlmann [2010] proposed "Sta-
bility Selection" (SS) that powerfully combines subagging
with LASSO shrinkage to produce a set of frequentist MIPs
at each specified ?. Recently, Alexander and Lange [2011]
adapted this method with limited success to whole-genome
Herein, we propose a statistical method for reprioritizing
genetic associations in a hit region of a human GWAS based
on case-control data that exploits and extends the resam-
ple aggregation techniques developed in Valdar et al. [2009]
and Meinshausen and B¨ uhlmann [2010]. We demonstrate a
principled approach, LASSO local automatic regularization
resample model averaging (LLARRMA), that characterizes
sensitivity of locus choice to sampling variability and un-
certainty due to missing genotype data, and that provides
LASSO shrinkage automatically regularized through either
predictive- or discovery-based criteria. We show that when
multiple correlated SNPs are present in a hit region that has
been identified by standard single-locus regression, LLAR-
RMA produces a reprioritization that is enriched for true
We start by considering a standard logistic regression to
estimate the effects of m SNPs in a hit region on a case-
control outcome in n individuals, and then describe statis-
tical approaches to identify a subset mq of SNPs that rep-
resent true signals. Herein, we define a "true signal" as the
SNP that most strongly tags an underlying causal variant,
a "background" SNP as an SNP that is not a true signal,
and an optimal analysis as one that distinguishes true sig-
nals from background SNPs in the hit region. We assume
that the hit region has been previously identified by an ini-
tial genome-wide screen using, for example, single-locus
regression, that many of the m SNPs may be in high LD,
and that mq< m < n. Let y = (y1,..., yn) be an n-vector of
the dichotomous response with each of the n1cases coded
by 1 and the n0controls coded by 0, let X be an n × m matrix
and let D = {y,X} and N = {1,...,n}. Logistic regression
Genet. Epidemiol.
Page 3
Reprioritizing Genetic Associations in Hit Regions Using LASSO-Based Resample Model Averaging453
models the case-control status of individual i as if sampled
from Yi∼ Bin(pi,1), where i's propensity pi= P(Yi= 1) is
determined by a linear function of the m SNP predictors
logit(pi) = log
1 − pi
= ? +
where xijis the value of the jth SNP for the ith individual
and the ijth element of the column-centered design matrix
X, ? is the intercept, and ? = (?1,...,?m) are the effects of
the m predictors.
We assume that only a subset of the m SNPs are true sig-
nals, and define a corresponding vector of 0–1 inclusions
? = (?1,...,?m) such that ?j= I(?j?= 0). A common way
to infer ?, and to thereby estimate the identity of the true
signal, is to use a model selection procedure that maximizes
some criterion of fit. This returns a binary vector ˆ ?, a hard
estimate declaring which SNPs belong to the model. Al-
though superficially attractive, ˆ ? has limited interpretabil-
ity because it provides no information about how sensitive
the selection could have been to finite sampling. That is,
whether ˆ ? would be expected to vary dramatically when
applied to alternative samples from the same population.
Moreover, although many selection procedures guarantee
that they will deliver the correct result in an infinite sample
(i.e., are consistent), this offers little reassurance when the
sample is finite, and suggests that the returned statistic ˆ ?
could have high variance.
Resample Model Averaging.
? in a way that incorporates uncertainty in model choice
arising through, for example, potential variability of the se-
lected set due to finite sampling. To do this we use RMA
[Valdar et al., 2009], applying a model selection procedure
to repeated resamples of the data, and basing subsequent
inference on the aggregate of those results. Rather than ob-
taining a binary estimate of each ?j, we instead seek to
estimate its expectation E(?j) over resamples, hoping to ap-
proximate its expectation over samples from the popula-
tion. We start by drawing subsamples k = 1,..., K with
subsampling proportion ? =2
comprises data D(k)= {y(k),X(k)} on |N(k)| = ?n individuals
N(k)⊂ N. Each subsample is produced by drawing ?n1in-
and ?n0individuals at random without replacement from
the n0controls. For each subsample k, we perform a fixed
model selection procedure to estimate ˆ ?(D(k)) = ˆ ?(k), the m-
length binary vector of inclusions based on the kth subsam-
ple. Applying this to all subsamples gives the K × m matrix
Γ,whereΓT= [ˆ ?(1), ˆ ?(2),···, ˆ ?(K)].Theexpectedproportion
of times that the jth predictor is included in the model is
given by its RMA estimate
We seek to estimate
3, such that each subsample
ˆ ?(D(k))j=
ˆ ?(k)
which we refer to as its RMIP.
Selection Within a Subsample Using the Lasso.
To select SNPs within the kth subsample, we use LASSO
penalized regression [Tibshirani, 1996]. This estimates ? for
subsample k as
ˆ?(?;D(k)) = argmin?
− ?(?;D(k)) + ?
where ?(?;D(k)) is the log-likelihood of ? for data D(k), and
?is a penalty parameter. The LASSO estimateˆ?(?;D(k)) eas-
ily translates into an estimate of the inclusions ˆ ?(?;D(k)) =
I(ˆ?(?;D(k)) ?= 0). Nonetheless, to arrive at a single estimate
of ?, as required for model averaging, we must devise a
suitable criterion for choosing the penalty ?. We propose
two alternatives, both of which identify a value ?(k)specific
to subsample k (i.e., local): complement deviance selection
and permutation selection.
Predictive-Based Choice of ?(k): Complement
Deviance Selection.
The complement deviance crite-
rion seeks a model that would perform well in out-of-
sample prediction. After estimatingˆ?(?;D(k)) over a grid
of ? to calculate the LASSO path, this criterion finds the
value of ? that minimizes the deviance of the complement
of subsample k, i.e.,
= argmin?
?yilog( ˆ pi,?) + (1 − yi)log(1 − ˆ pi,?)?
where N(\k)= N\N(k)is the set of (1 − ?)n individuals not
selected for subsample k, and ˆ pi,?is the predicted probabil-
ity of P(Yi= 1) based uponˆ?(?;D(k)) applied to the design
matrix of the complement subsample X(\k).
Discovery-Based Choice of ?(k): Permutation
The permutation selection criterion is a mod-
ified version of that proposed by Ayers and Cordell [2010]
and seeks a conservative model that would tend to include
no SNPs under permutation of the response. Given a sub-
sample k, we estimate for a given permutation of the re-
sponse ?(y) the smallest penalty required to zero out all
predictors, i.e.,
?null(?,k) =
where x(k)
uct of its two arguments. Calculating this for each of S per-
mutations ?1,...,?S, we estimate the permutation selec-
tion ? for subsample k as
j is the jth column of the subsampled and mean-
Perm= median({?null(?1,k),?null(?2,k),...,?null(?S,k)}).
Ayers and Cordell [2010] apply a similar criterion when
analyzing complete datasets, with the difference that they
estimateˆ?null as the maximum of {?null(?1),...,?null(?S)}
for S = 25. We prefer not to do this because the maxi-
mumisrelativelyunstablefor S = 25,andisundesirablefor
larger S because it potentially allowsˆ?null= ?null(?s) where
?s(y) = y. In contrast, when using the median (Equation 4)
theaccuracyofˆ?Permincreaseswith S,althoughwefindthat
in simulations S = 20 is adequate.
Genet. Epidemiol.
Page 4
454 Valdar et al.
Fig. 1. A comparison of LLARRMA and Stability Selection.
Incorporating Uncertainty Due to Missing Geno-
types: Hard, Dosage, and Multiple Imputation.
SNP data within a hit region will often include combina-
tions of markers and individuals for which the genotype
is unknown or uncertain. To avoid a potentially wasteful
genotypes using a program such as MACH [Li et al., 2010],
IMPUTE [Howie et al., 2009], or fastPHASE [Scheet and
Stephens, 2006], and analyze the partly imputed data
as if it were fully observed. Imputation methods are
typically based on reconstruction and phasing of inferred
haplotypes. Dividing the SNP matrix X into missing
and observed elements X = {Xmis,Xobs}, methods such as
fastPHASE [Scheet and Stephens, 2006] model the joint
distribution p(Xmis|Xobs,?), where ? includes additional
information used in the imputation (e.g., priors). Most
GWAS, however, do not use this joint distribution directly.
Rather, they replace Xmiswith a point estimate?
tions. Specifically, Xmisis replaced by either the "dosage,"
with elements imputed as their maximum a posteriori
Xmis, each
element of which is constructed from its marginal distribu-
count ˆ xij= E(xij|Xobs,?); or a "hard" imputation, ?
mis, with elements defined as the expectation of the allele
ˆ xij= argmaxg∈{0,1,2}p(xij= g|Xobs,?).
The simplest approach to modeling missing genotypes
within LLARRMA is first to estimate Xmisas either?
complete. This plug-in approach underestimates variabil-
ity because it fails to incorporate uncertainty about the
imputation. Zheng et al. [2011] show that doing this when
amount when the imputation accuracy is reasonably high.
Nonetheless, ignoring imputation uncertainty could be
the posterior distribution of haplotypes p(Xmis|Xobs,?)
differs substantially from joint distribution implied by the
product of marginal posteriors?
imputation uncertainty into our resampling framework is
through multiple imputation [Little and Rubin, 2002]. At
each iteration k, we sample a new X?
p(Xmis|Xobs,?), subsample the resulting X?= {X?
to give {X?,y}(k)= D?(k), and then calculate RMIPs using
ˆ ?(D?(k)) in place of ˆ ?(D(k)) in Equation 2. The resulting
Genet. Epidemiol.
and then subsample? X = {?
Xmis,Xobs} as if it were
ij∈Xmisp(xij|Xobs,?) [e.g.,
Servin and Stephens, 2007]. A natural way to incorporate
misfrom its posterior
RMIPs incorporate additional variability because each
subsample now includes a potentially different imputa-
tion of missing genotypes. We implement hard, dosage,
and multiple imputation using posterior draws from
fastPHASE (making use of the -s option).
LLARRMA calculates a score (an RMIP) for each SNP in
a case-control study. We compare the ability of those scores
to discriminate true signals from background with the SNP
scores calculated by two alternatives: the traditional GWAS
approach of single-locus regression, and the LASSO-based
subsample model averaging method stability selection
(SS) recently proposed in a more general context by
Meinshausen and B¨ uhlmann [2010].
Single Locus Regression.
regression with logistic regression as used in, for exam-
ple, PLINK [Purcell et al., 2007]. For each SNP, we fit a
(logP), where P is the P-value from a likelihood ratio test
against an intercept-only model.
Stability Selection.
SS differs from LLARRMA in
two main respects (see Fig. 1). First, whereas LLARRMA
selects variables within each subsample using a local (i.e.,
subsample-specific) penalty ?(k), SS uses a single global
penalty ? applied to all K subsamples. Second, whereas
LLARRMA chooses each ?(k)automatically, SS leaves its
global ? as a free parameter. In SS, the RMIP (referred to as
the "selection probability" in Meinshausen and B¨ uhlmann
[2010]) is thus left as a function of ?,
We perform single locus
I(ˆ?(?;D(k))j?= 0) (5)
giving rise to a sequence of RMIPs (a "stability path") for
each locus j. Meinshausen and B¨ uhlmann [2010] provide
little guidance for choosing ?. As a choice of ? is required
to produce a unique RMIP and thereby ensure meaningful
comparison with LLARRMA, we select ? to produce the
stiffest possible competition: as the value that maximizes
the criterion used for comparing methods. Specifically,
given a criterion of success u(?, ˆ ?) comparing truth ? with
guess ˆ ?, we define
ˆ?oracle= argmax?u(?,RMIPSS(?)),
Page 5
Reprioritizing Genetic Associations in Hit Regions Using LASSO-Based Resample Model Averaging455
where "oracle" reflects the fact that choosing this unfairly
advantageous value requires foreknowledge of ?. We
consider SS with the oracle property defined by setting u to
We assess the performance of LLARRMA and its com-
petitors by simulation, examining the ability of each to dis-
criminate true signals from background in simulated case-
control studies. Performance is evaluated formally using
receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. ROC curve
methodology can vary between studies [Krzanowski and
Hand, 2009], so we describe ours in full. A given simulation
study comprises a set of simulation trials S = {1,..., S}. In
each trial s, a given method is presented with m SNPs of
which mq will be a true signal. That method calculates a
single score for each SNP (an RMIP or logP). For a given
threshold t, define powers(t) as the proportion of mq true
signal SNPs scoring ≥ t (i.e., the power to detect), and the
false-positive rate FPRs(t) as the proportion of the m − mq
background SNPs scoring ≥ t (i.e., the false positive rate;
FPR). We define the area under curve in trial s for FPRs
between a and b as AUCs(a,b) =?b
is x, and the integration is approximated using the trapez-
ium rule. For a given method and set of simulations S,
we define the estimated AUC between FPR a and b as
AUC(a,b) =?
ance(S − 1)−1?
[0,0.05], and the "initial AUC" as AUC(0,0.05); the "full
ROC"iswhereFPR ∈ [0,1]andthe"fullAUC"isAUC(0,1).
When plotting ROC curves for each method, we use thresh-
oldaveraging[Fawcett,2006],varyingt overitsrange([0,1]
for RMIPs; [0,∞) for logP) and at each t plotting x and y co-
ordinates S−1?
where FPR−1
s(x) returns the threshold t at which the FPR
s∈SS−1AUC(s,a,b), and assume this esti-
mate to be approximately normally distributed with vari-
the "initial ROC" as the ROC curve in the range FPR ∈
AUC(a,b) − AUC(s,a,b)
s∈SFPRs(t) and S−1?
s∈Spowers(t), respec-
GWAS for colorectal cancer from collaborators at the Well-
come Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Ox-
comprise complete genotype information on 1,493 subjects
for 183 SNPs covering a hit region previously identified on
18q21. The cancer data are a subset of the "full cancer data,"
subjects for the hit region.
Generating Missing Genotypes.
sitivity of the compared methods to alternative strategies
for modeling missing genotypes, we generate incomplete
versions of the cancer data by deleting genotypes accord-
ing to a random missingness algorithm. The missingness
algorithm is based on empirical modeling of the pattern of
missing data in the full cancer data. The full cancer data
genotypes contained 854 missing genotypes (∼0.25%). We
observed that the proportion of missing genotypes varied
considerably from SNP to SNP, but that missingness across
individuals was consistent with a random allocation. To
To assess the sen-
generate each incomplete dataset, we therefore do the fol-
lowing. First, for each SNP j, we assign a missingness pro-
portion ?mis,j generated as a random draw ?mis,j∼ fmis,
where fmisis an empirical density based on the histogram
of missingness proportions of SNPs in the full cancer data.
Second, we select a subset of nmis< n individuals eligi-
ble to receive missing genotypes. Third, at each SNP j
we delete dj= nmis× min(c?mis,j,1) marker genotypes at
random from the nmisindividuals, where c is chosen such
that the overall proportion of missing data is fixed value
pmis= (mn)−1?
had complete data, we set pmis= 0.1 and nmis= 0.9n.
Simulating Phenotypes.
based on a binomial draw from the logistic model in Equa-
tion 1. Given a set of SNPs representing true signals, with
genotypes Xq and effects ?q, we first calculate the inter-
cept necessary for an expected 50/50 ratio of cases to con-
trols as ? = −n−11T(XT
ties as pi= logit−1(? + xT
as Yi∼ Bin(1, ˆ pi).
at random but in a restricted manner from the LD blocks
shown in Figure 2. Specifically, in each simulation trial, two
SNPs are chosen from block 1 at random but subject to cor-
relation r ≥ 0.4, two SNPs are from block 2, also subject to
r ≥ 0.4, and one SNP is randomly chosen from block 3.
Simulation 1A: Moderate Effects.
tial illustrative comparison between methods, our first
study on the cancer data simulates a relatively constant
effects structure. In each simulation trial, we assign a
permutation of the effects (on the odds scale) exp{?q} =
(1.287,1.398,1.246,1.357,1.419) to the selected five SNPs.
Simulation 1B: Small Effects.
challenging and variable set of causal targets, our sec-
ond study on the cancer data randomly chooses true sig-
nal SNPs as in 1A but draws each element ?qj of effects
?q independently as exp{?qj} ∼ N(1.25(−1)?j,0.022) with
?j∼ Bin(1,0.5). The resulting effects are comparable to the
jdj. To generate a more conservative level
of missingness while ensuring at least 10% of individuals
Phenotypes are simulated
q?q), calculate individual propensi-
q?q), and then draw phenotypes
To aid an ini-
Providing a more
The "'58" data are a complete-genotypes subset of data
collected during the human GWAS for seven diseases de-
scribed in WTCCC [2007] . It comprises genotypes for 2,199
subjects on 500 SNPs in the region 39.063723–40.985321 Mb
on chromosome 22, this region being chosen by us as a con-
tiguous run of markers that exhibits a mixture of high and
low LD (Fig. 2). To assess the how the number of true sig-
nals affects the relative utility of modeling single vs. multi-
ple loci, we evaluated methods in seven distinct simulation
substudies, simulating 1,...,7 true signals, respectively. In
each simulated trial of each substudy, the set of true signals
effects are generated as in simulation 1B above.
Genotype imputation was performed using fastPHASE
[Scheet and Stephens, 2006]. All other analyses were per-
formed in R [R Development Core Team, 2011], with the
Genet. Epidemiol.

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34 reviews | 3.9 out of 5
Perfect kids bow. Easy to shoot, good price. I read the other reviews, talking about the low power etc. I dont think they know this bow is for KIDS. We shoot from about 30-40 feet, works fine. Works better with heavy points on the arrows. Not so powerful that it seems a danger, perfect for backyard fun. You could hunt, but the prey would be pretty small and slow. Overall I rate it 5 stars, exactly what I wanted, my son loves it.
I agree with the prior review. It is an expensive toy. I purchased the Brave II from Walmart as a Christmas gift for my 8 year old. I chose a more expensive product because he is serious about this sport and I wanted something more than a toy. Somehow the bow cracked and broke in two. I contacted customer service through email with an attached photo and I am happy to say that the company was excellent in sending me a new bow after I sent the broken one back. Typically, there is a 90 warranty but the company stretched it for me since he didn't use it through the winter months after Christmas. The value is poor and only worth $20 but the customer service was very good. I gave it 2 stars for meets expectations because my son did enjoy using it.
a very cheap copy of what a compound bow should be. this is a very expenise toy.
I researched three different youth bows before purchasing this one. The biggest complaint I saw for the brave 3 was that it was too much like a toy. I dont think that at all. it is what it says it is, a youth beginner bow. We've had this for 2 weeks now and we are very satisfied. My 8 yr old son can hit consistently hit it in an 8 inch ring from 20 yards. This bow will not hit the 10 ring every time nor will it take a buck out at 30 yards but that's not what it's made for. For 50 dollars it does exactly what it's supposed to do which is to Introduce my son to a bow and have fun.
our grandson is 11 years old and he really enjoys the bow
Good value for the money (note that biscuit alone sold separately costs about $20-$30.). Got it for my oldest (who is turning 11 now) a couple of years ago, have been shooting it periodically on the backyard, works great, if you don't throw it there is pretty much nothing to break. I adjusted it to the max draw weight at the beginning and it's been doing fine since then. Highly recommend.
This is not a youth bow set... made for children 8-12 yrs old not what i was expecting for my 13 yr old...very upset..also the value was a 39.99 and i paid 64.00 for the bow set and then some for the release..all together 98.00.never will recommend this to anyone looking for a youth bow set...
Got this bow for son for Christmas he loves it! we are using it as a this is how you need to treat these things so he learns respect for the bow before he is old enough to have a real bow :) I have to say this tho... all these reveiws on how its made, isnt for a adult ect ITS A YOUTH BOW what do you expect. go to a bow shop and get a adult bow!
havent got a chace to bag anything with them but they fly ture hopefully will get something soon to truly evaulate
I do not know why the negative reviewers are so critical. This archery set cleary states that it is for a youth. If you bought it for an adult, that is your own mistake. Also, the quality is very good. My 11 year old son and I have taken it out numerous times. There has never been a problem with the bow's performance or durability. Just treat it properly, like you should any equipment. Finally, for those who say it is an expensive toy.... did you pull it back far enough? There is a surprising amount of power delivered by this bow. The arrows traveled much farther than I expected. Even my adult friend who hunts with a bow was stunned at the power of this youth bow.
this bow has a progressive draw length it is not adjustable, it was a bit hard for my 8 year old to break over the flight wheels and get the bow pulled back, not a very well made product even for a toy, when you adjust the draw weight down to its lowest setting the string and cables have about an inch of slack in them, if you are serious about teaching your kid archery this is not even a good starting point, it only got 2 stars because my daughter loves pink, and I thought the wisker biscuit arrow rest is great for kids. we will stick to traditional to start.
Very easy to put together. Shoots well. Kids will enjoy as they learn to shoot, not heavy either.
The draw on the bow was too hard, so much so I returned it and got a different one.
i baught this bow for myself, it would have been very helpful if the website said that the bow was for a kid, i am very dissapointed that i spent so much on something i cant use, also, me and i had my little brother use it, and the "biscuit" isnt very good b/c it alters the arrows path, and the only reason i gave it a star at all was b/c it made me
From the other reviews on this I had expected it to be more of a toy. While it isn't excellent quality it is a great bow for a first time archer. My daughter loves this. She understands that this is a weapon, and not a toy, and treats it as such. Since she treats it with care I expect it to last a while.
I expected something cheaper, and this far exceeds my expectations. As long as it is treated well this will last!
I bought this bow for my 5 year old son for Christmas and he loves it. I had to turn the draw weight down so he could pull it but he loves it. It's well made and well worth the price. The whisker biscuit alone sells for about $30 so I think I got a great deal.
Got this for my son who is 7 thought it was a good starter bow.
My son has been in the CubScouts for years and loves the BB & archary shooting that they partake in at Camp. So this year we decided to get him a Bow, but we wanted one right on his age level and one he could continue to grow into. I couldn't have asked for a better gift then the Bear III. Everyday he is outside shooting it. The whisker biscuit has made a huge difference in his accurancy and safety of the shot. I highly recommend this product.
Great bow for a child's 1st. Looks and feels just like his older brother's. Great price also.
This bow is a very good learning tool for children around nine or ten. I had to lower the draw weight for my daughter, but she is very happy with it. The wisker biscuit is very nice to have for safety also. Well worth the money.


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Facebook Link for Valencia County Shelter Volunteers
Enforcement & Shelter General Fees
What a Volunteer needs to be aware of
The above site does not have pictures of all animals currently at the shelter. If you have a lost pet go directly to the shelter to be assured they are not there.
Transporters Needed
There are rescues and shelters outside of Valencia County that are willing to take some of our adoptable pets into rescue. Help is needed to drive them from the shelter to locations in Alamogordo, Albuquerque, Santa Fe, and several shelters in Colorado. If you would like to offer your time and vehicle to help get some of our shelter pets to safe places outside of Valencia County you can sign on as a transport volunteer. Call the shelter at 866-2479 x3 and ask for Patty, the rescue transfer coordinator.
Please Spay/Neuter Your Pets
Low cost spay-neuter for low-income families
HART is offering low cost spay and neuter of pets for low income families in Valencia County. Income eligibility and co-pays are required. Call 505-433-9869 to get more information about how to qualify. This opportunity is based on a grant so will not be available for long.
Thanks to Our Friends of the Shelter Donors:
Donations made by people who have supported the Friends of the Shelter program at offsite adoption events, at the shelter, and by mail, have been used to purchase a mobile power washer to clean the walkways, exercise pens, kennels in the animal control trucks and other hard surfaces around the shelter. This is another step forward in improving the sanitation efforts at the Valencia County Animal Shelter. Donations to be used for future projects can be mailed to: Friends of the Shelter, P.O.Box 1285, Peralta, NM 87042. Donations are tax deductible. EIN #85-0478175.


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text: After trying to find ways of keeping busy with my 11month old and 2 year old, my wife and I bought a used Trek trailer (4 years old?). Unfortunately, the trailer came without a towbar and hitch. Any good websites out there to look for some? Ready to rumble on the road with my family!


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Masters Career and Professional Development | Cass Business School
From the day you join Cass, our Careers Team are readily available to support and discuss your personal career objectives. Driven to help you develop your employability skills, we take a practical approach to empower your job search with professional skills development.
Career support for Masters students
A Masters course from Cass can be a great way for you to further your academic experience, as well as gain valuable experience for your future career aspirations.
Whether you are looking to progress on to further study with your Masters programme, or progress your career goals, Cass has a dedicated Careers Team to support you and provide advice throughout your enrolment.
Supporting every one of our Masters students is of utmost priority for Cass and throughout the year you will have access to the Careers Centre and Drop-in Room.
From personal, face-to-face support to a dedicated online portal, the Careers Team will be able to help answer any questions and provide support. You will also be able to attend careers fairs and company presentations.
If you have any questions then you can contact the Cass Careers team on +44 (0)20 7040 5255 or email the team.
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text: Drug Testing of Juvenile Detainees to Identify High-Risk Youth in Florida, 1986-1987 Dembo, Richard aggravated assault drug law offenses drug testing felony offenses juvenile justice juvenile offenders juveniles property crimes psychological evaluation sex offenses substance abuse urinalysis youths at risk NACJD.XIV ICPSR.XVII.E NACJD.XI This data collection examines the interrelationships among drug/alcohol use, childhood sexual or physical abuse, and encounters with the juvenile justice system. To identify high-risk individuals, youths in a Tampa juvenile detention center were given urine tests and were asked a series of questions about past sexual and/or physical abuse. Official record searches were also conducted 6, 12, and 18 months afterward to measure later encounters with the juvenile or criminal justice systems. The investigators used the youths' urine test results as the primary measure of drug use. On the basis of their review of Florida's statutes, the investigators developed outcome measures for the following offense categories: violent felonies (murder/manslaughter, robbery, sex offenses, aggravated assault), property felonies (arson, burglary, auto theft, larceny/theft, stolen property offenses, damaging property offenses), drug felonies (drug offenses), violent misdemeanors (sex offenses, nonaggravated assault), property misdemeanors (larceny/theft, stolen property offenses, damaging property offenses), drug misdemeanors (drug offenses), and public disorder misdemeanors (public disorder offenses, trespassing offenses). Other variables measured physical and sexual abuse, emotional and psychological functioning, and prior drug use. Demographic variables on sex, race, age, and education are also contained in the data. The individual is the unit of analysis. 2002-06-07 event/transaction data survey data 9686 10.3886/ICPSR09686.v1 personal interviews, urine specimens, police records, Florida Department of Corrections records Florida Tampa United States ICPSR metadata records are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 United States License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/).


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Writing and Publishing Your Thesis, Dissertation, and Research A Guide for Students in the Helping ProfessionsAuthor:
Heppner, P. Paul, Heppner, Mary J.
Pub Date: 2003
Publisher: Thomson Learning
Summary: This book provides masters and doctoral students with an in-depth and comprehensive guide to the process of writing a thesis or dissertation. It breaks down this often foreboding and overwhelming goal into achievable steps, presenting models that prepare readers for each stage of the process. Within each step, the authors supply all the tools and detailed instructions necessary for the successful completion of a thes...is or dissertation. Along the way, the book offers readers skills and techniques that can help them cope more effectively with the psychological or emotional blocks that often get in the way of accomplishing their goal. [read more]
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Definitions for touch down
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word touch down
Princeton's WordNet
touch down(verb)
come or bring (a plane) to a landing
"the plane touched down at noon"
touch down(Verb)
To land an aircraft.
touch down(Verb)
To score a touchdown
touch down(Verb)
To score a try.
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Unidentifed Flying Objects (UFOs) - Random Topics
Are you mixing Agnostics with Atheists, Parker? Because Agnostics are moreso along the middle of the fence. So it isn't a matter of they can't accept a God, because the Agnostic belief is that there is a higher power out there. However, there is no knowledge that proves a God exists as well as proof that there isn't a God. And since I am Agnostic, my faith isn't on the UFOs either. I'm tired of hearing about them and really don't make a lifestyle revolving around the craze. I honestly think people have a secret fetish for this and it's wanting an anal probe shoved up their ass for inspection. -- Submitted By: () on October 14, 2013, 7:39 pm
Kickstarter - Websites
I think if you have anyone just using this for their e-begging needs. It diminishes the intent this site was originally for. Because now any e-beggar can run a kickstarter and people would donate and donate. And the goals they come up with are stupid. Yes, I'm referring to YouTube E-Beggars. -- Submitted By: () on October 8, 2013, 4:53 pm
Pirate Bay, The - Websites
Anything they do to piss off the MPAA/RIAA and other anti-piracy suits is always a happy day. Because they think that taking down The Pirate Bay, they'd think they'd win the "Piracy War". And that all torrent sites will fold and cease to exist. Problem, even if you somehow manage to take the Pirate Bay down. Many more will rise up. It's the Hydra effect and that's what the old farts fighting so their baby cries are heard fail to realize. SET SAIL, PIRATE BAY! -- Submitted By: () on October 8, 2013, 4:48 pm
Yahoo! - Websites
Jesus, Yahoo! Stop buying out things you later take away! No wonder you suck so much now. It's because they've deformed their site over the years from being reliable to being "why would we care?" Their site is Captcha-friendly, you'll find that stupid thing where you least expect it. Especially to play their games. I used to be a frequent Yahoo! Pool player, but with the frustration of having to tell Java over and over again that it's OKAY to run and the Captcha prompting afterwards. It wasn't like it prevented spambots or bots at all from coming in. Because guess what? People STILL manage to get bots in there. And that game is so out-dated that they don't bother revising it so people still cheat at the game too to this day. So I stopped playing. Commenting on some articles is a pain because lord behold, you'll find some bigot who wants to argue with you as well as his/her legion thumbing down your comment to death. Everyone wants to feel like they're right on there and can't accept it when they're wrong so they'll turn asshole on you. Psh. Then Yahoo! boldly removed their web messenger, which okay. But what gets me is, why try and turn Yahoo! Mail into this all-in-one service? It's a mess, they still have their messengers releasing last I knew. I don't care what's trending or what's happening right now. I switched to GMail for a reason and it's because when I just want mail. I will get mail. Not just unnecessary features I can find anywheres else on the site. -- Submitted By: () on October 8, 2013, 4:45 pm
Myspace - Random Topics
MySpace has turned into a ghost town now. Sure, some people are still on it. But I doubt that by comparison they use their Facebook accounts more. It kept getting bought out by people who wanted to use it for some advantage when really they had no idea what to use it for. Now it's currently owned by Justin Timberlake (co-owner) and some media outlet. Sad. The only thing I liked about MySpace is profile customization, from editing background to the tables to the text etc. Then MySpace felt it should be more limited by having pre-set customizations in 2.0 whereas 1.0 is where you can edit anything. The only reason why some profiles look crappy is because people don't know how to edit HTML code or take time to make it look a little nice. Especially when it comes to having codes where they plaster the site's logo everywhere where you got the code from. -- Submitted By: () on October 8, 2013, 4:38 pm
Twitter - Websites
Twitter is just that status box you see in Facebook and any other social site. Hell, if you want to be technical. It's just a comment box for all to see! Nothing very spectacular about it. And it's limit is about as limited as YouTube's comment box. Why is this site even popular when you can do the same thing everywhere else? -- Submitted By: () on October 8, 2013, 4:35 pm
Will It Blend? - Random Topics
Next up on Will it Blend?: a banana with milk, honey and ice cream! -- Submitted By: () on October 1, 2013, 11:15 pm
Lord of the Rings, The - Movie Series
People think the movies that were already made were long. Imagine how longer the movies would've been if they truly had added every chapter and everything from the books. It'd be 12 hours or more. So, we took what we could get out of that at least. -- Submitted By: () on September 29, 2013, 4:26 am
Marilyn Manson - Music Groups
I think his music dropped when he reached the "Eat Me, Drink Me" album. First thought that came to my mind on the first track was "Since when did he start caring about writing anything about Vampires?" Then he was tossed into the Emo music category from then on after that album came and went. Since then, it's an image hard to shake off. He just became irrelevant afterwards. -- Submitted By: () on September 29, 2013, 4:14 am
Beavis and Butthead - TV Shows
I didn't like how this show tried to return into the modern times. Where in the modern times, everyone is trying to be politically correct in the extremist level. And MTV was way too in love with reality tv to divorce itself from having any original material or anything having to do with music videos at all. It worked when it originally aired. And no it wouldn't work if they did youtube videos because it'd grow stale after a while. -- Submitted By: () on September 29, 2013, 3:02 am
Back to the Future: The Animated Series - TV Shows
The whole problem with this show simply was because of the fact that it followed after the craptastic ending we got in BTF III. If this cartoon was made during inbetween the successes of the first two films, it could've been just a honest attempt and maybe something good. -- Submitted By: () on September 29, 2013, 2:54 am
Scary Movie - Movie Series
The first was tolerable because it really wanted to parody Scream. It did it's job okay. Since then, all it cared about was taking quick spoof jabs at everything horror and even a little outside horror. The humor only became amusing to teenagers 12 - 16 until later when the "_____" Movie spoofs began to explode to try and cover everything. Then it became where only idiots laughed at that stuff because the humor was just cheap. Every of those movies is a sign of what not to do when making a spoof film. And almost every spoof film like them. If you want spoof movies that are clever and funny. Look to all the Mel Brooks films. So many people quote those films to death because they were funny and at their time, were considered a little borderline offensive. Blazing Saddles for example. But it made fun of issues you could try to laugh at simply because of how ridiculous the real situations are. Scary Movie and every "____" Movie just derived their material on making fun of pop culture which is practically an easy target but at the same time, take cheap routes to make fun of them which is about the same level of "your mom" jokes or toilet humor. -- Submitted By: () on September 29, 2013, 2:53 am
X-Files - TV Shows
I was a regular watcher when this was on. It's funny, because in retrospect I think the show jumped in more than one way. This was a great show at least up until the 6th season or so. But by that time, a couple of problems had crept up - 1) the story arc no longer made sense after they failed to explain very well the alien rebel thing - in fact IIRC they don't appear again after the Cassandra Spender eps. 2) The soap opera element of the will they, wont they garbage - (I hated it at the time, and I think Chris Carter would have been better off from the start writing the series so it was NOT remotely possible for them to have a relationship). The sudden manner in which most of the conspirators are killed leads me to think that Chris Carter realized the conspiracy episodes were starting to make no sense and he wanted to have the show go back to almost exclusively monster of the week episodes, which are the highlight of the series IMO and where the originality really shines. I agree that the moment the show actually jumped was Mulder leaving the show, though in season 8 having more monster of the week improved things temporarily - but I think the single most upsetting jump (of several) for me was the retcon he did on Samantha. It was other sloppy way to 'resolve' that arc and clean the slate of the show, and I remember at the time fans were (rightly) outraged. Things like the move to LA were bad trends but not jumpers - I remember the California-centric filming locations created problems such as - the setting in one ep being Pennsylvania, but lazily allowing palm trees to be seen in the background. -- Submitted By: () on September 20, 2013, 9:59 pm
X-Men - Movie Series
This series jumped with X3 and un-boned with FC. X3 had a lousy director and an atrocious script that was little more than a list of Fan Boy Wants: Phoenix Saga: check. Sentinel: check. Danger Room: check. They killed off Cyclops and Professor X, had Rogue taking the cure. Wolverine was acting as wimpy as Cyclops when he wasn't trying to get in Jean's knickers, all thoroughly unconvincing scenes because Hugh Jackman and Famke Jannsen have zero chemistry. The best movies hinge on good story lines and chemistry. X1 worked, primarily because Jackman and Anna Paquin exhibit a chemistry that's off the charts. They made viewers care about their characters. Poor Anna's had nothing to work with as far as Rogue's powers are concerned, so I can see why she's irritated, especially given the screen time allotted to Storm when Halle's performance has been almost universally panned. FC also has a great story line, and there's a real spark between Michael Fassbender and Jennifer Lawrence, making it very believable, that she'd walk away from Charles after so many years, to side with Erik. Now that Singer's back, with any luck, DOFP will be another step up. -- Submitted By: () on September 19, 2013, 11:29 pm
Susan G Komen Foundation - Random Topics
I really do hope they're making head way to find a cure for breast cancer. My concern, with any charity is, are they really using that money for research to the best of its ability or is it just a scam to get "your" money? My skepticism aside, I imagine most people would hope that all cancers types are eradicated. September is supposed to be prostate cancer awareness month. I haven't seen much of a push for contributions to its charities or even for awareness other than the president declaring it so. It really is just as important to help fund prostate cancers research as it is with breast cancer. -- Submitted By: () on September 18, 2013, 12:47 am
7th heaven - TV Shows
As a practicing Christian, I can say that this show blatantly distorted Christianity! Rev. Camden lived way too lavishly for a minister and did not have any humble bone in his body. He did not even act like a practicing Christian, much less a pastor. I am convinced that he gathered all the tithes from the offering plate and used them for his own personal benefit. All Rev. Simpleton ever did was meddle in other people's lives and make babies. In a nutshell, it was the biggest dead horse ever beaten! -- Submitted By: () on September 8, 2013, 2:46 pm
Soft Drinks - Random Topics
A few years ago I would be able to drink a can without worry, heck even a 600ml bottle was not a problem. Nowadays, there are only a few kinds of soda I can stomach as it all tastes just sweet and artifical to me. I do like an occassional root beer though. -- Submitted By: () on August 31, 2013, 4:40 pm
Alec Baldwin - Celebrities
Re: The rant. I guess none of you people who voted for this have kids. -- Submitted By: () on August 26, 2013, 8:03 pm
FOX News - TV Shows
One thing that Fox News has not been doing is reporting on Obama's background and his identity. They don't mention The Cold Case Posse that started out trying to verify Obama's 2011 version of his Birth Certificate and then expanded to so much more as they have been tracking Obama's background. Or that Congressmen Ted Yoho and Steve Stockman have been in contact with Chief Investigator Mike Zullo and Sheriff Arpaio. They also don't mention much about some other topics brought up in right leaning sites. Especially the voter fraud in the 2012 election. They half-assed it, by trying to do a series on voting fraud during the lead up to the election day and they then dropped it after it was a proven fact there were both some odd occurrences in the voting totals in some areas of the country and people were arrested for voting multiple times, plus some voting machines had errors. They also never mentioned about how a network the RNC set up to get people out to the polls vis computer and mobile device was hacked or how people from both the RNC, tea party and True The Vote were kicked out of polling stations and precincts in various cities. All in all they did a poor job with that election. So now there is two outlets on the right trying to challenge Fox in the form of tv news channels. The Blaze and One America News. They don't think Fox News is doing a good enough job or that there is enough outlets on the right on TV. -- Submitted By: () on August 11, 2013, 12:15 pm
Father Knows Best - TV Shows
My gram remembers when this show was on TV and always said how good it was, so I watched a bunch of the episodes on Netflix. Yikes! First of all, the town (Springfield!) seemed to be 100 percent white and middle class. A typical plot involved Bud (the dim-witted teenage son) getting into hilarious shenanigans with his idiot friends. After getting "a stern talking to" (1950's code for getting his butt whipped) Bud will wipe his eyes and whimper something like "Holy Cow! None of the other guy's got into trouble!" To which his father replies, "That's because none of the other dads love their sons as much as I love mine!" Then sappy music swells up and the whole family agrees that "Father really does know best!" Do the same thing over and over and forever and that's pretty much the show! Except occasionally the teenage daughter Betty will do the shenanigans. This show literally had no minorities and it belittled women to the point where I was rooting for the mom to gut-stab the old man during dinner. One episode I saw had Betty demanding to go duck hunting with the boys since her brother got to go. Of course shenanigans ensued and Betty admitted that women should stay home and cook the ducks, not go shoot them. Of course here comes the sappy music and everyone agreeing, "Gee, Betty, maybe father really does know best!" Off set, the actor Billy Gray (Bud) was a pothead. He was busted shortly after the show ended for possession with intent and didn't work for several years as an actor. Another true fact is that Gray holds a U.S. patent for a type of "personal massager." I would have loved to have seen Bud try to explain those shenanigans to dear old dad!" -- Submitted By: () on July 15, 2013, 4:16 pm


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ummm.. hi.. be my friend..
"I don't usually do this"
but to keep others from making the mistake of buying this. The narration is horrible. Its so bad as to kill the otherwise excellent stories. The is nothing good to say about it. Avoid!
"I've had better"
FYI this book is a compilation of 'classic' sci-fi. Not necessarily from the golden age of sci-fi but maybe a little after, I am guessing from late 50s to early 70s. The quality of the sound on the narration is poor and the most commonly used narrator has an almost robotic monotone voice. This voice comes in handy when robots are actually talking but not people.
Audible has some overall much higher quality classic sci fi compilations such as 'Best of Science Fiction and fantasy' and 'Minority Report and other stories'. Better yet for some really interesting contemporary stories I highly recommend 'Orson Scott Card's Intergalactic Medicine show'
This book may be worth it to have in your list for the few gems found in it but it should not be at the top of your list.
"Oldies but Goodies"
These stories seem to have been written in the 40's & 50's. Several refur to the Russians (mite attack,will attack or are attacking). Also a base on Venus, breathing air on Mars ect. Most of the stories are OK but you just have to put your mind back to the early cold war era. As a hole not bad!
"A Mixed Bag"
A few of the stories were good ... and a couple of them were just silly. In retrospect, I do not feel it was a worthy use of a credit. I really should have placed more stock in the reviews which seemed to indicate a similar, blasé experience by other listeners.
"half a level above complete boredom"
I downloaded this for a 17-hour drive. I was hoping to be mildly entertained, at least enough to stay awake, but all but one or two of these stories pretty much put me to sleep. Maybe sci-fi just doesn't translate well to audiobook, but I can't believe these banal stories actually got published.
"Shabby prodution - so-so stories - otherwise awful"
This collection sounds like it was recorded in my neighbor's garage and narrated by my neighbors. Or maybe what my high school's electronics club and drama club could put together. Who did the quality control on this project?
Every so often, Audible.com peddles this level of material. Hopefully, potential buyers would read the reviews. I did not because I built up such confidence in other, greater scifi collections offered here. My mistake.
The audio is sub-par -- must be related to the acoustics in my neighbor's garage: sound reflecting off the lawn mower, sacks of fertilizer, and trash cans.
The performances give me the creeps. All of the readers are obviously focused on trying to get it right or just get through it, rather than immersion into the story. Listen to readings by Stefan Rudnicki or Gabrielle de Cuir as contrast.
I guess some of the stories are OK. Unfortunately, even if they were great works, the other distractions of sound and reading prevent a good analysis.
"Such Poor Male Narration"
These are real gems of SF. No, they are not the only gems, but gems nonetheless. However, the male narration is HORRIBLE. As another reader said: "The quality of the sound on the narration is poor and the most commonly used narrator has an almost robotic monotone voice." I wish I could specify which male narrator, but cannot. What a waste. Audible, please re-release this book with a competent narrator - please.
"awful, simply awful"
The stories are lame, pretty well all of them. There are some great classic sf yarns, however they are not to be found in this collection.


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Luxurious wool structures a handsome, subtle glen plaid suit featuring a lean-tailored, two-button jacket with notch lapels and slim, flat-front trousers.


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Hull FC fear delay in Tom Biggs' cross-code move from Bath Rugby
Posted: December 12, 2013|
Tom Biggs' cross-code move from Bath Rugby to Hull FC could be delayed, according to the Super League side's head coach Lee Radford.
Wing Biggs will start a rugby league career at the age of 29 in the new year after agreeing a move back to his native East Yorkshire.
But England's injury problems at wing ahead of the Six Nations could leave Bath short of cover during the tournament and he may now remain at The Rec until mid-March.
Radford told BBC Radio Humberside: "It would be a massive blow."
Related content
Hull FC pull out of Tom Biggs move as Worcester Warriors stay quiet on reports linking them with Bath Rugby winger
Bath Rugby wing Tom Biggs to sign for Worcester Warriors after Hull FC move falls through
Bath Rugby tried to keep hold of Tom Biggs prior to Worcester Warriors move - Mike Ford
Worcester's Tom Biggs: "Why England exclusion prompted my Bath Rugby departure"
"Hopefully he will be here before [the season starts in] February, which would be a bonus for us. But it's a real difficult one, he's never 'played a ball' in his life, I don't think, so it will be real interesting to see how he goes.
"Hopefully he'll take to the game. One thing in his favour is he's energetic in the way he plays, he's really enthusiastic, and hopefully he can take that into our code."


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The Unreal Tournament 3 Developers Group is for teams that have chosen Epic's new Unreal game to base their mod on.
This is just a short "news" item where I need your help. I'm writing a dissertation and I need you to participate...
Posted by DaveTheFreak on Dec 22nd, 2009
Hey all you UT mappers,
my name is David"DaveTheFreak"Scholze and currently I'm writing a dissertation about the motivation behind modding. But to make it representable I made a survey and that is where I need your help: please participate, it'd help me a lot.
The survey itself had to be split into to pieces, please fill out both:
I'd really appreciate your help, it'd help me a lot for my dissertation.
Yours sincerely,


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I came across this in DIRTRAG. It looks like a simle solution to making a Shimano freewheel a single speed.
I came across this in DIRTRAG. It looks like a simle solution to making a Shimano freewheel a single speed.
"When I hear another express an opinion, which is not mine, I say to myself, He has a right to his opinion, as I to mine; why should I question it. His error does me no injury, and shall I become a Don Quixot to bring all men by force of argument, to one opinion? If a fact be misstated, it is probable he is gratified by a belief of it, and I have no right to deprive him of the gratification."
T. Jefferson
Thats Ghetto Fabulous.!!!
I wonder how well those will hold up.
I guess it's simpler than using spacers... i guess.
Is it just so you don't need a cassette tool or chain whip?
1989 Fuji Saratoga
1997 Schwinn Mesa SS
2007 Felt F1X
2008 Transition Vagrant SOLD!
2010 Transition TransAM
2011 Soma Analog SS
Yeah go to the web site and read the testimonials that's what one of the people said.
At $25 a pop, I think I'll still be buying spacers. GearClamp doesn't seem to have any advantage: looks no better than spacers, weights about the same (or more?), and introduces an impossible to measure, tiny-miny aerodynamic drag.
However, they did give me an idea: maybe using sturdy hose clamps and rubber bands (to better adhere to the splined freehub body) one could improvise a similar solution for fraction of the price.
I'll try to do that this week-end, and post pics here.
Still, another option for conversion is a good thing. Especially if your not an aesthetics Prima donna like moi.


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Gruene, TX. Registration begins at 830am, kickstands up at 10am. $20 donation per rider. For
more information please call 210 900-2458
Come one-Come all to help us honor Bella's celebration of life and her mother's candidacy for
"Woman of the Year!"
Sponsored by:
All riders will meet at 830am
@ The Caliente Harley Davidson
7230 Northwest Interstate 410
San Antonio Texas, 78245
The mere word CANCER strikes fear on
just about everyone. Now imagine that
this is your child and you hear those
deviating words. My daughter Bella was
diagnosed with Leukemia (blood cancer)
at the young age of 2. She spent 2 ½
years taking several pills nightly,
painfully injected chemo weekly, and had
multiple spinal taps. My wife and I know
firsthand the pain, suffering and horrible
side-effects that the treatment does to a
person. My daughter and her twin sister
Yasmeen were very strong at such a
young age to deal with it all. Bella loved
being bald and was beautiful bald, but
beyond that beauty was the pain of a
disease that changed her life. My
daughter is now 5 months into remission
and doing well, we have clinical trials to
thank for this.
Thank you in advance for your support. www.kathrynbrowncancervive.org


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Contact Us
Please e-mail us anytime on: firstname.lastname@example.com or ring on 1300 MYNEST - 1300 696 378
Our business contact details are:
Birdsnest Pty Ltd, 232 Sharp St Cooma NSW 2630, Australia
Our online hours of operation are 8am to 5pm EST Monday to Friday, and 8am to 2pm EST on Saturdays.
Shop hours: 10am to 5pm Monday to Friday, 10am to 2pm on Saturdays and closed on Sundays
This winter, birdsnest is thrilled to be opening in the Thredbo Village. Find us open every day from 10am until 6pm for the winter season. Find out more about our Thredbo store when you click the link.


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Santa Casa Hospital: Pitbull
Please don't pet pitbulls.
Don't waste your blood. Donate.
Advertising Agency: Y&R, São Paulo, Brazil
Creative Directors: Mariangela Silvani, Jorge Iervolino
Art Director: Leon Valente
Copywriter: Roberto Kilciauskas
Illustrator: Leon Valente
Published: December 2010
10 comments
I didn´t like the idea at all.Lost talent in the art direction due to lack of a good idea.
I volunteer for the Humane Society of the United States and a Pittsburgh based Pit Bull rescue and education organisation. This horrible ad does nothing but exploit the negative stereotypes of the Pit Bull breed! There are thousands of people, like myself, who are working hard to repair the reputation of this misunderstood breed. Your irresponsible ad is keeping the public's fear alive and setting our work back by decades. We ask that you take this ad down immediately!
Ducati9s, Glad theres a person on here who knows the breed and doesn't go off of hear say and bullshit... This ad is nothing but negative, iv changed the minds of several people in my community about the pitbull breed, simply by owning pitbulls and letting them see their behavior. The pitbull breed is no different than any other breed, they are not born mean heartless visious dogs..the result of that is people owning the pitbull breed that don't need to for the fact tht their whole goal is to make the dog visious..some of the aggressive dogs though may be a result of poor breeding but this isn't the the dogs fault it the owners, and idk about u but iv seen other breeds with aggressive behavior but tht does mean that breed of dog is worthless and should be negatively talked about bc a couple dbags think they know what their talking about. Try getting facts befor you go around making (acusational) misleading misguiding ads next time.


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NEW INFO: Operation Street Sweeper In Martin County
Updated: 10/08/2009 - Deputies have taken 24 suspected drug dealers off the streets of Martin County. Click the story to see list of those already arrested.
Updated: 10/08/2009 - Deputies have taken 24 suspected drug dealers off the streets of Martin County. Click the story to see list of those already arrested.
Updated: 10/07/2009 - Martin County deputies say they have solved a rash of break-ins that hit one town last month, all on the same day.
Updated: 10/06/2009 - Roy Rascoe was arrested in late August for the 1972 fire that killed his wife and two young children.
Posted: 10/06/2009 - Good news for drivers in one town in the East. There is a new DMV opening Tuesday.
Posted: 10/02/2009 - The new tag and vehicle registration office is located at 305 E. Main St.
Updated: 10/02/2009 - The State Bureau of Investigation has agreed to give almost $4 million to a former North Carolina death row inmate who sued after he spent nine years behind bars before being acquitted at a new trial.
Updated: 09/25/2009 - Some schools have seen an increase in kids being absent which could be the result of the flu.
Posted: 09/24/2009 - Two towns in the east are in line to receive 300 thousand dollars for wastewater treatment infrastructure
Updated: 09/24/2009 - A couple of big court cases in one county are being delayed because the defense attorney in both suffered an injury.
Updated: 09/26/2009 - Police say they've arrested a woman who is accused of a fraud scheme that totals in the hundreds of thousands of dollars and involved church construction.
Posted: 09/24/2009 - A man facing more than three dozen animal cruelty charges is due in court in Bertie County.
Posted: 09/21/2009 - One Eastern Carolina woman says she's glad to be alive after a bullet entered her bedroom and landed on her pillow.
Posted: 09/18/2009 - The 13th Annual Pepsi Carolina Country Stampede will be in downtown Williamston September 25-26.
Updated: 09/17/2009 - A man and a woman from Tarboro have been charged with Thursday afternoon's home invasion in Martin County.
Updated: 09/16/2009 - A former Martin County teacher now has a November court date on charges police found child pornography at his home.
Updated: 09/15/2009 - The arrival of the vaccine depends on when the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has enough vaccine produced to be distributed nationwide.
Posted: 09/12/2009 - Three of the four pups had been recovered and returned to the owner. The men have been charged with felony possession of stolen goods and were given a $2000 dollar bond
Updated: 09/10/2009 - A murder charge has been dropped against Horace Sessoms who was accused of killing a registered sex offender last month.
Updated: 09/09/2009 - For the first time in two years Martin County is dealing with a rabies problem. There have been two confirmed cases in the past week.
Posted: 09/03/2009 - A new Senior Resident Superior Court Judge was sworn in Thursday at the Beaufort County Courthouse.
Updated: 09/02/2009 - The Navy is currently focused on five sites for an outlying landing field, including two in Eastern North Carolina and three in Virginia.
Updated: 08/31/2009 - A Bertie County man has been arrested for the murders of his wife and two small children in 1972.
Updated: 08/27/2009 - Lt. Governor Walter Dalton toured Martin Community College in Williamston earlier Thursday.
Posted: 08/27/2009 - Officials with a rural North Carolina school district said a federal judge has agreed to close a four-decade-old desegregation case.
Updated: 08/24/2009 - A convicted sex offender is the victim of homicide in Bertie County. His body was found on a road. Horace Sessoms is now charged with the murder.


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The Reserve Aerial Video
Some aerial video clips of the new models under construction in the Reserve.
Some aerial video clips of the new models under construction in the Reserve.
Check out some of the aerial photos from The Reserve today in Spurwing Greens. We have three models under construction, and one of them is our Parade model. Tell us what you think.
Just wanted to welcome a new homeowner to the community at Spurwing Greens in phase 6. Just moved into this awesome Cypress home, it turned out so beautiful. I love the colors, and the selections. Great job BBC Team! Check out the photos and let me know what you think.
It's that time! The Parade of Homes starts this weekend! Can't believe it has been a year already since our last spring parade. I spent most of the morning taking photos of the all new Cottonwood model. I think it turned out awesome, but please tell us what you think. Also, come by and see us at the Parade starting Saturday and Sunday 12pm-8pm at 4264 Greenspire Dr Meridian Id 83646 in Spurwing Greens.
I was excited about my next little iPhone project, Its fun for me to try to do a nice Real Estate video with a common everyday thing that most of us carry around in our pocket. Yes, I do use my nice tripods, and microphones for support, but all the shots, and editing was done on my phone. A lot of people don't know they carry around such a useful marketing device in their pockets. But after finishing the video, I looked over the finished product and noticed I built everything up till the end, creating a climax, to show the master suite and bath. When I show a property (physically/not video), I like to show the master bed and bath last especially if we have spent a lot of time and money making it look gorgeous. So, I planned my video that way, but for some reason I left the last couple shots out of the video. So, here is to a beautifully finished Hawthorn model, and to an unfinished iPhone video tour. I guess this is what happens when I focus to much on how I'm making it instead of how It should look when finished. Please enjoy, and call for a tour to see the Master bath and bedroom in person since I left them out of the video. Call (208) 955-7900 for VIP Tour!
I was out checking on the progress of the all new Cottonwood model in Spurwing Greens. This home is turning out to be so beautiful. Here is a sneak peak of some of the cool stuff going on inside. Remember, this is a parade home, and is not viewable by the public until the show starts April 26th. More details to follow.
In-between the rain storms our landscapers have finished the Hawthorn model landscape. With the new lawn, trees, and cedar fence I think it's looking good. Tell us what you think.
We have completed our new Cypress model on Sugar Tree Drive. This home is so Beautiful! Take a look for yourself.
Take a look at the new Hawthorn complete on 4005 Sugar Tree drive in phase 5 of Spurwing Greens. Landscape is coming soon! Tell us what you think, and make sure you come out this weekend for our open houses Saturday and Sunday to get a VIP tour 1-5pm.
We have just completed a Sitka Model in Phase 5 lot 14 blk 3. This was a pre sold home, and the new homebuyer is moving in. Take a look at the video tour walk through and tell us what you think. The Sitka is an amazing home that is very unique, with a light infusing interior courtyard, amazing great room, and a beautiful kitchen with secret pantry area. The Sitka home is a true work of art. Tell us what you think.


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|-I. Have. Returned.-
ERMIG~ Ets Bootiful!!!! :thumb405827404:
Enjoy my page. They all do.
Mi Famleh~
Sisters: Bitch slappin sister- and cool mofo sister-
Pets: Fame obsessed cat-
BF: My shmexy, ass loving boyfriend-
BFF: My bestest friend ever-
Ect: My badass mushroom- and the random homie derp kitten, that lives under your bed with a waffle, who acts like a carrot and licks your face at night- and the random purple sloth that likes to hide in my closet and eat clothes-
Mi Idols!~
Mi Friends!~
Did I miss anyone?,
Random stamping: ~oOo~
Female | SINGLE AND CONTENT, so lay off please!
Hello creepers of the web, some of you may know me by Nards or Nara, others would know me by a different set of names if you knew who I really was~ Either way this is my profile and I will warn you of some things before letting you roam. 1st, is I am a person all about getting respect, I give everyone a rather high level of my respect when I first meet them, depending on how you treat me, depends how you are treated in return. 2nd, don't fuck with me; it will be the stupidest thing you could possibly do, because I will ruin you. 3rd, I can be display various levels of controversy and profanity wherever I go, so do not bring up a 'touchy subject' and not expect me to dish out my thoughts and beliefs. 4th, haters are one of my biggest weaknesses. I get very emotional and tend to show my worst side when I have to 'choose a side' in an argument. I will get VERY rude, pissed, cruel, and bitchy; which is why I will ruin people if they fuck with me. Literally. 5th, my personality never changes, but my attitude will depending on who the person is. So don't take my teasing or sarcasm as rude, I'm probably just playing around to get to know you. But also don't try and use me for art/ points/ faves/ views/ or anything else tangible like that. If I do give you one of those though, its because I believe you deserve it... That's basically all there is to warn you of, so have fun and just talk to me to get to know me even better. I don't bite! ..Well not always,
|For any adoptables you have bought. Or just to donate~


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Is it acceptable?!
To me it isnt weird at all but just practical. My DS just turned 2 and he often gets in the shower with my husband or myself. To each his own I guess.
Married to best friend Josh 09/26/09
DS Wesley born at home 08/05/10
DD Caroline born 10/15/12
Amber, proud atheist mommy to Abigail Elise (03.16.09) and Zackary Allan (11.06.12)
Yep (up to a certain age, obviously). I actually found it was easier to hop in the tub w/DD when she graduated out of the infant tub but wasn't able to sit up on her own quite yet. There are still times I'll have her shower w/me (she'll be 3 next month) - if we're showering at a public pool or if I have to hop in for whatever reason and DH isn't around to watch her. That said, DH has never bathed, showered, etc with her. And while she is allowed in the bathroom when I'm in there, she is not for him.
Anne + Andy = Amelia Irene 9/14/09 & Elizabeth Grace 10/29/12
Angel Baby 10/11
Yes. I showered with my son till he was almost 3 and started noticing differences. I'm actually looking forward to bathing with my little girl when she's an infant. The place we are renting has a large tub, whereas when I had my son we had a small tub.
J & B- Married 2001
Kiddo 05-08-2006
Expecting our Pumpkin Princess Isabel 10-11-2012 (rcs at 39wks!)
Blissfuly married to my best friend.
Proud Mother of a beautiful little man: Novemeber 23,2009
Beyond excited to meet his little brother October 2012


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Prometheus: Ridley Scott returns to Sci-Fi
View Single Post
April 28 2010, 01:11 AM
Vice Admiral
Location: Star Trekkin Across the universe.
Re: Scott talks about Alien prequel
Bishbot wrote:
Starkers wrote:
Well I'm gladd Scott is involved, but the prequel idea makes me nervous, and God does everything have to be in 3D now?
Yes, everything that can utilise it well now has to be in 3D because why the hell not? 3D is like 2D but slightly better. It's like saying "why does everything have to have surround sound" (or even just "sound"). This is a big scifi picture which will undoubtedly have some sights that 3D will be great for.
Tulin wrote:
God - I don't want to think of "Alien" and "Avatar" mixing.
Yes you do. You've thought about it before. You said in the Avatar thread that the only thing that would redeem Avatar were if it were set in the Alien universe.
I'm not keen on redesigning the Alien. A little bit, sure, every film has changed them a little (although the AvP2 ones seem pretty much exactly the same as the ones from Aliens). It needs to be pretty familiar if it can be: big penis shaped head, inner jaw, drooling teeth, bony "bio-mechanical" design, long tail with a blade... once you've got all that I can't see what else you can change and be radically different.
Well that might depend on what it's host was for all we know it might burst out of some huge hulking 6 armed alien and take non attributes from said alien like the one in 3 did from the dog.
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Active Tags
Click tags to the right to narrow your search. Unclick tags to remove.
Granny's Dirty Photographs Ch. 02— Robert's affair with his grandmother reaches a new level.
Gobbles Blowjob Bar Franchise— Reporter visits a hot new business in town.
Grammy's Boy— Young college boy consoles Great-Grandmother over Christmas.
Grandma and Jack— She blamed it all on old demon alcohol.
A Week with Memaw Ch. 02— Anna continues her conquest of her grandmother.
Grandma's Incentive— Sylvia offers an incentive for excellence.
Our New Family Dynamic Ch. 07— Jason Jessica, Kerry and her parents play.
OTK Ch. 05— Don moves on to mum's mother.
Grandmom's Secret Eroticism— A glimpse in the hot tub leads to an afternoon of love.
Grandma was Confused— A traumatic incident leaves Grandma confused.
My Grandma, The Cum Dump Ch. 01-02— Grandson transforms 86 year old granny into a whore.
Grandmother and Summer Break— Sexy grandmother and grandson get it on.
Thunder and Lightning— Grandma always hated storms.
Wee Wee Camp: Love Is...— Well-hung Henry and big-boobed Granny June explore romance.
Grandma Cheryl— A young guy helps around the house for his BBW grandma.
Secrets Untold Ch. 02— Sequel to Born to Love.
Secrets Untold Ch. 01— Sequel to Born to Love.
Great Grandmother Comes Alive— 18-year-old guy loses virginity to his 93 year old great granny.
Wee Wee Camp: Henry Comes Clean— Well-hung Henry's busty Granny June gives him a bath.
Cousin Steph— Two cousins share a week at the beach.
The Iron Shop Ch. 05— The adventures of a muscle stud and his grandma continue.
Wee Wee Camp: A Humping They Did Go— Well-hung Henry and his busty grandmother go to the lake.
Grandma's Cottage— He discovers something disturbing.
Beautiful Boy Used By Women Ch. 04— The shocking conclusion.
Generation of Tarts Ch. 03— Andy's Mum starts to dress provocatively.
Surrogate Husband Ch. 06— Bobby collects a reward.
Surrogate Husband Ch. 05— His mother's friend consoles him in a special way.
Wolf in Red Ch. 02— Surprises around every corner.
Surrogate Husband Ch. 03— Incestuous desires heighten as their bond grows stronger.
Surrogate Husband Ch. 02— His mother loves him, too.
Degradation & Redemption Act 02— Mum is reluctantly persuaded to join in - and loves it.
Grandma Patty Teaches Grandson— Virgin College boy stays with grandmother.
Degradation & Redemption Act 01— Blackmailing grandmother brings a surprising result.
Generation of Tarts Ch. 01— Andy's fascination with older women gets closer to home.
The Bradenhams Find Happiness— Mum, Granny and friend submit to Harry's love and whip.
At Grandma & Grandpa's Ch. 02— Grandparents and siblings take things to the next level.
A Week with Memaw Ch. 01— Anna, her grandmother, and the girl next door.
At Grandma & Grandpa's— Grandparents give grandchildren the surprise of their lives.
The Iron Shop Ch. 04— Grandmother and grandson enjoy the ultimate workout.
The Iron Shop Ch. 02— Things heat up with grandma and the friendly loan officer.
The Iron Shop Ch. 01— A young bodybuilder comes to the aid of his grandmother.
The Oral Birthday Present— GILF offers her boyfriend's oral skills as a gift.
Wolf in Red— Little Red Riding Hood... You sure are looking good...
Yonder Stands an Orphan— A young stud reunites with his grandmother . . .
Jack and His Nan Ch. 04— Jack and his grandmother finally get together.
Dina's Sexy Elevator Ride— Sexy GILF has her way with young man in elevator.
Grandma's Hand— ...and what Billy did with it in the Summer of 67'.
Grandma Receives a Visitor— Grandma & Grandson relationship.
Tell Me a Story, Grandma— Andy loves to hear his grandmother talk dirty.
Man of the Family Ch. 01— Well hung young man learns it is not a curse to be huge.
Grandma's Dirty Movies— Watching them with her was only the beginning.
Jack and His Nan Ch. 03— Jack's grandmother, Nan receives his gift of panties.
Grandma's Rituals— Mother takes son to his Grandma's abode.
Weekend with Grandma Louise— 24 year old nephew fucks his busty 62 year old Grandma.
That's the Breaks Ch. 02— Things heat up between Rick and his 'nurses'.
Wild Horses For Emily— A young man wins the elderly lady of his dreams.
Mountain Family Lust Ch. 07— Daisy's surprise, Grandma's condition.
Mountain Family Lust Ch. 04— Dad leaves, Daisy catches Grandma in the act.
Granny Fanny— Like fine wine, feminine flesh only improves with age.
Prescription for Pleasure Ch. 04— Chris's grandmother stops by and gives him a ride.
Dreams Do Come True— Chris finally gets the girl of his dreams.
Amazing Grandmother— Wife is pregnant and doesn't feel sexy, so Grandmother helps.
The Ring Ch. 04— Chase relents and he fucks his mom and sister.
Jack and His Nan Ch. 02— Jack sends panties to his grandmother.
Allison Ch. 01— Incestuous love between newlywed Allison & her brothers.
The Twins— An innocent visit to his grandmother turned saucy.
Family Visit Ch. 03— A family visit brings unexpected erotic pleasure.
Jack and His Nan Ch. 01— Jack and his grandmother don't know the lust each has.
The Sharpest Tooth— A wolf in gentleman's clothing goes hunting.
Sundae by the Sea— A crabby old woman, the warm sea, & lots of whipped cream.
Swim Time— A Grandmother just can't resist her 22 year old grandson.
A Three Step Ladder— Young man is enthralled with an older woman.
Mommy Fucking & Grandma Too— Mom & Grandma's fight starts it off.
First time with Grandma Rose— Teenager loses virginity to his grandmother.
My Perverted Life Ch. 02— Husband continues to use wife's grandmother.
My Perverted Life Ch. 01— A man takes advantage of his wife's grandmother's condition.
In the Wake of That Night— Sequel to "A Prison Break." Lana in the aftermath.
Older Son and His Mom Ch. 06— More fun at the Retirement home.
Gamma Gets Some Ch. 04— Grandma and grandson wrap up their wild weekend.
Gamma Gets Some— Grandmother see, she conquers, she cums.
Granny Moves on— Widow learns to cope.
Intro to DVD— An old lady learns to embrace technology.
Granny's Game Ch. 01— Granddaughter makes the rules.
Prelude to a Kiss— Becoming a grandmother isn't so bad.
Back Home For Good— Illicit love between Indian fathers and daughters.
Mother-in-law Lust— The first time with my wife's mother.
Grandma Heather— An old friend, now a grandmother, but still smoking hot.
Momo— Grandmother Love.
Granny— A boy's love for his Grandmother surprises them both.
Krystal,Phillip Calls Again— Phillip and friend warm her up for the neighbour.
A Grandson Visits Nan Ch. 02— Nan's point of view of the visit
A Grandson Visits Nan— The longing of two people.
Krystal, Phillip Pays a Visit— Whats a horny grandson to do?
Watching Her Piss— Though the open bathroom door, I heard a distinctive tinkle.
Loving Grandma— Grandson & Grandma find love with each other.
Spending Time with Grandmother— Ethan gets a surprise when he meets his grandmother.
Gran and Her Boys Ch. 03— Tim learns his lessons well.
County Fair Ch. 02— The city and country relatives have a family fair.
Happy Nude Day Ch. 02— National Nude Day embarrasses Jason.
Gran and Her Boys— Allan to the rescue.
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"This came exactly as expected and I have no complaints. I was surprised at how fast it was delivered. I received it within 4 days of ordering. Great product!"
"The quality of the paper was very good and the printing turned out just how I wanted it! I just mailed out the invitations so I will not here any feedback until received."
"Thank you for such prompt service on our order of Bridal Shower invitations. We ordered the invitations in the blue tones and loved them. The color and paper quality was great and the shipping was as expected. We will use you again for party needs."
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Planning your 2013 holidays already? Naturally you'll need a cool place to stay for your next shopping trip or city break to London, Paris or NYC. Wimdu have teamed up with WhatSheWears.ie, to throw an awesome competition to win some top notch accomodation.
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Win! A €100 Wimdu Accommodation Voucher!
January 10, 2013
Win! €100 Spending Spree in Burgess Department Store
December 27, 2012
Lots of our favourite stores have already begun their January sales but there's nothing like the post Christmas sales to get the best discounts and the shopping adrenaline really going. Take Burgess department store in Athlone for example.
Win! Dressmylegs.ie Tights
December 13, 2012
With all this chilly weather, we're turning to tights to wear with skirts and dresses. We recently discovered DressMyLegs.ie when figuring out how to wear patterned tights and coloured tights, as seen on this season's catwalks (to get the lowdown on how to style them, see the article here). And they're no cheapo tights either. […]
Win! Lady GaGa's Perfume Fame
November 1, 2012
In case you hadn't heard, GaGa launched her first perfume in September. Called, LADY GAGA FAME (50ml bottle, €37.95), it is the first ever black Eau de Parfum that sprays clear and becomes invisible once airborne. The scent is a mixture of floral and fruity and comes in an exquisite black bottle with gold top. […]
Win! A Paul Costelloe Necklace
October 25, 2012
If you haven't seen the latest Paul Costelloe Jewellery collection yet, we recommend that you check it out tout suite! All pieces are hallmarked and authenticated by the Assay Office, Dublin Castle and feature Paul's Fox signature logo on each piece.
Win! NYC Halloween Goodies
October 18, 2012
Halloween is almost upon us and in the stylish spirit of things we'll be getting our gothic looks on for the occasion. You too can be bewitchingly beautiful this Halloween as we have 5 (YES FIVE) packs to give away worth over €30, which include all the products pictured above.