text:
The Atomic Bomb Spy Case (continued)
Gold Testifies
Harry Gold
testified that he was engaged in Soviet espionage from 1935 up to the
time of his arrest in May, 1950, and that from 1944 to 1946 his
espionage superior was a Russian, known to him as "John." He
identified a picture of Anatoli A. Yakovlev, former Soviet Vice-Consul
in New York City, as "John." Yakovlev's picture was admitted into
In June, 1944,
Gold had an espionage meeting with Dr. Klaus Fuchs in Woodside,
Queens, New York. As a result of this meeting, Gold wrote a report and
turned it over to Yakovlev about a week or so later, when he told
Yakovlev that at Gold's next meeting with Fuchs, the latter would give
Gold information relating to the application of nuclear fission to the
production of military weapons.
In the latter
part of 1944, Gold met Fuchs in the vicinity of Borough Hall,
Brooklyn, and received a package from Fuchs which Gold later turned
over to Yakovlev.
Gold's next
meeting with Fuchs was in July, 1944, in the vicinity of 9th Street
and Central Park West, New York City. About a week or two later, Gold
gave Yakovlev a report he had written concerning this conversation and
told Yakovlev that Fuchs had given further information concerning the
work of a joint American and British project to produce an atom bomb.
Subsequently, Gold had a regularly scheduled series of meetings with
Yakovlev, who instructed Gold how to continue his contacts with Fuchs.
Gold stated that this was to obtain information from a number of
American espionage sources and give it to Yakovlev. He pointed out he
organized his meetings with these sources by using recognition
signals, such as an object or a piece of paper and a code phrase in
the form of a greeting, always using a pseudonym. He also stated that
his sources lived in cities other than Philadelphia (Gold's home city)
and that he paid money to these sources which he had in turn received
from Yakovlev.
Early in
January, 1945, Gold met Fuchs in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and
received a package of papers which he later turned over to Yakovlev in
New York City. He told Yakovlev that Fuchs had mentioned that a lens
was being worked on in connection with the atom bomb. His next meeting
with Fuchs was to be in Santa Fe on the first Saturday of June, 1945.
In February,
1945, Gold met Yakovlev on 23rd Street between 9th and 10th Avenues in
New York City. At this meeting, Yakovlev indicated the Russians'
interest in the plans mentioned by Fuchs.
On the last
Saturday in May of 1945, Gold met Yakovlev inside a restaurant on 3rd
Avenue in New York City, to discuss Gold's next meeting with Fuchs in
Santa Fe. Yakovlev instructed Gold to take on an additional mission in
Albuquerque, New Mexico. Gold protested, but Yakovlev said it was
vital, pointing out that a woman was supposed to go but was unable to
make the trip. Yakovlev gave Gold an onionskin paper, on which was
typed the name "Greenglass," an address on High Street, Albuquerque,
and the recognition signal, "I am from Julius." Yakovlev also gave
Gold a piece of cardboard cut from a food package. He stated that
Greenglass in Albuquerque would have the matching piece and that if
Greenglass was not in, Greenglass's wife would give Gold the
information. Yakovlev then gave Gold $500 in an envelope to turn over
to Greenglass and instructed Gold to follow an indirect route to Santa
Fe and Albuquerque in order to minimize the danger of surveillance.
Gold arrived in
Santa Fe on Saturday, June 2, 1945, and met Fuchs, who gave him a
package of papers. Gold left Santa Fe in the afternoon on June 2nd by
bus and arrived in Albuquerque that evening. He went to the High
Street address, found that Greenglass and his wife were not in, and
stayed at a rooming house overnight. The next day he went to the High
Street address and David Greenglass opened the door. Gold said, "Mr.
Greenglass." David answered, "Yes." Gold then said, "I come from
Julius," and showed Greenglass the piece of cardboard which Yakovlev
had given him. Greenglass requested Gold to come into his apartment,
then took a piece of cardboard from a woman's handbag and compared it
with the piece Gold had given him. The pieces matched. Gold introduced
himself to the Greenglasses as "Dave from Pittsburgh."
Greenglass told
Gold that the visit was a surprise and that it would take several
hours to prepare the A-bomb material. He started to tell Gold about
possible recruits at Los Alamos, but Gold cut him short and pointed
out to David that it was very hazardous and that David should be
circumspect in his behavior. Gold left and returned later that
afternoon, when David gave him an envelope which he said contained
information on the atom bomb. Gold turned over to David the envelope
containing the $500. Greenglass mentioned to Gold that he expected to
get a furlough sometime around Christmas and gave Gold Julius's phone
number in New York City in the event that Gold wanted to reach
Gold returned
to New York City by train on June 5, 1945. While en route, he examined
the material David had given him and put it in a manila envelope. He
put the material he had received from Fuchs into a different manila
envelope. That evening Gold met Yakovlev along Metropolitan Avenue in
Brooklyn and gave him both envelopes.
About two weeks
later Gold met Yakovlev on Main Street in Flushing, New York. Yakovlev
told Gold that the information he had received from him on June 5 had
been sent immediately to the Soviet Union and that the information he
had received from Greenglass "was extremely excellent and valuable."
At this meeting, Gold related the details of his conversation with
Fuchs and Greenglass. Fuchs had stated that tremendous progress had
been made on the atom bomb and that the first explosion had been set
for July, 1945.
In early July,
1945, Gold met Yakovlev in a seafood restaurant. Yakovlev said it was
necessary to make arrangements for another Soviet agent to get in
touch with Gold. At Yakovlev's instructions, Gold took a sheet of
paper from his pocket which had the heading of a company of
Philadelphia. Gold tore off the top portion containing the name and on
the reverse side of the sheet wrote in diagonal fashion, "Directions
to Paul Street." Yakovlev then tore the paper in an irregular fashion.
He kept one portion and Gold kept the other. Yakovlev said that if
Gold received two tickets in the mail without a letter, it would mean
that on a definite number of days after the date on the ticket Gold
was to go to the roadway stop of the Astoria Line for a meeting which
would take place in a restaurant-bar. Gold's Soviet contact would be
standing at the bar and approach Gold, asking to be directed to Paul
Street. They would then match the torn pieces of paper.
In August,
1945, Gold again met Yakovlev in Brooklyn and was told to take a trip
in September, 1945, to see Fuchs. Gold suggested to Yakovlev that
since he was going to see Fuchs, he might as well go to Albuquerque to
see David Greenglass. Yakovlev answered that it was inadvisable
because it might endanger Gold to have further contact with Greenglass.
In September,
1945, Gold met Fuchs in Santa Fe, New Mexico. On his return to New
York City on September 22, 1945, Gold went to a prearranged meeting
place to see Yakovlev, who failed to appear. About ten days later,
Gold met Yakovlev at Main Street, Flushing, and turned over to him a
package he had received from Fuchs. He told Yakovlev that Fuchs has
said there was no longer the open and free cooperation betwen the
Americans and the British and that many departments were closed to
Fuchs. Fuchs also stated that he would have to return to England and
that he was worried because the British had gotten to Kiel, Germany,
ahead of the Russians and might discover a Gestapo dossier there on
Fuchs which would reveal his strong Communist ties and background.
Fuchs and Gold also discussed the details of a plan whereby Fuchs
could be contacted in England.
In November,
1945, Gold had another meeting with Yakovlev at which time Gold
mentioned that Greenglass would probably be coming home around
Christmas for a furlough. Gold said plans should be made to get in
touch with Rosenberg in an effort to obtain more information from
In January,
1946, Gold again met with Yakovlev, and was told about a man Yakovlev
had tried to contact who was under continuous surveillance. Yakovlev
used this story to illustrate that it was better to give up the
contact than endanger their work.
Early in December, 1946, Gold received two tickets to a boxing match
in New York City through the mail. The tickets were addressed to
Gold's Philadelphia home incorrectly and too late for Gold to keep the
appointment. At 5 p.m. on December 26, 1946, Gold received a telephone
call at his place of employment. The voice said, "This is John." Gold
then arranged with John to meet an unidentified man in a certain movie
theater that night. The man identified himself by handing Gold the
torn piece of paper containing the heading which Gold and Yakovlev had
previously prepared. This man asked Gold to proceed to 42nd Street and
3rd Avenue, New York City, to meet Yakovlev.
He met Yakovlev,
who asked if Gold had anything further from Fuchs, apologized for his
ten months' absence and explained that he had to lie low. He stated
that he was glad Gold was working in New York and told Gold he should
begin to plan for a mission to Paris, France, in March 1947, where
Gold would meet a physicist. He gave Gold an onionskin paper setting
forth information for his proposed meeting in Paris. During the
coversation with Yakovlev, Gold mentioned the name of his employer,
and, upon hearing this, Yakovlev became very excited. He told Gold
that Gold had almost ruined eleven years of work by working for this
individual because he had been investigated in 1945. Yakovlev dashed
away, stating that Gold would not see him in the United States again.
It is
interesting to note that the Soviet intelligence services, in
utilizing Gold to contact Greenglass, made a mistake in security which
ultimately led to the uncovering of the Rosenberg spy ring, a network
independent of the one Gold was involved in. From FBI knowledge of
Soviet intelligence activities, it is known that the Soviets with
their stress on security will not usually allow a member of one
network to know of the existence of another network so that in the
event one network is detected, the other will not be compromised. It
will be recalled that Gold's protest to Yakovlev about contacting
Greenglass in Albuquerque went unheeded. The Soviets undoubtedly found
good reason to regret this error in judgment.
A nuclear
chemist testified that from 1944 to 1947 he was associated with the
atom bomb project at Los Alamos. He stated that his own work was
related to implosion research and classified secret. He further stated
that he would go to the machine shop, furnish sketches to the
supervisor of the shop and determine what was needed. The nuclear
chemist recalled seeing David Greenglass in the machine shop. He
identified the sketches prepared by David Greenglass at the trial and
entered as exhibits reasonably accurate replicas of the type of
sketches he, himself, submitted to the machine shop. These specimens
could have been of value to a foreign power, the nuclear chemist
stated, and would reveal to any expert what was going on at Los Alamos
and indicate to the expert its relation to the atom bomb.
Elitcher Testifies
testified that he first met Sobell while both were attending a high
school in New York City. He further stated that he and Sobell also
attended college together in New York from 1934 to 1938. Elitcher
graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and
pointed out that Julius Rosenberg also studied engineering at the same
college during this same period. Elitcher saw Sobell daily at school
but saw Rosenberg less frequently. After graduating, Elitcher was
employed with the Bureau of Ordnance, Navy Department, Washington,
D.C., from November, 1938, until October, 1948.
In December,
1938, Elitcher resided in Washington, D.C. During December of that
year Sobell came to Washington and stayed at a house next to
Elitcher's place of residence. In April or May, 1939, Elitcher and
Sobell took up residence in a private home, and in May of 1940, they
moved into an apartment. During the period they lived together Sobell
was also employed at the Bureau of Ordnance. In September, 1941,
Sobell left his employment to go to a university in Michigan in order
to continue his studies.
further advised that during the period he lived with Sobell they had
conversations concerning the Communist Party and that, at Sobell's
request, Elitcher joined the Young Communist League. About September,
1939, Elitcher attended a meeting with Sobell at which there was a
discussion about forming a branch of the Communist Party. This branch
was formed and Elitcher joined the Communist Party at the end of 1939.
Meetings of this group were held at the homes of various members and
dues were paid to the chairman of the group. Elitcher stated that
Sobell was the first chairman of the group. At meetings, discussions
were conducted of news events based on the "Daily Worker" and
literature such as "The Communist." The group also discussed Marxist
and Leninist theory. Suggestions were made to the members to join the
American Peace Mobilization and to assist the American Youth Congress
convention. Discussions were also held concerning the Hitler-Stalin
Pact, and members were instructed to strive to get support of other
people for the Russian position. Elitcher continued to go to these
meetings until September, 1941. In 1942, Communist Party branches were
formed which contained groups of employees from particular Government
agencies, and Elitcher joined the Navy branch of the Communist Party.
testified that around June, 1944, he received a telephone call from
Julius Rosenberg who identified himself as a former college classmate
of Elitcher. At Elitcher's invitation Rosenberg visited the Elitcher
home the same evening. Rosenberg told Elitcher what the Soviet Union
was doing in the war effort and stated that some war information was
being denied that country. Rosenberg pointed out, however, that some
people were providing military information to assist the Soviet Union.
Rosenberg asked Elitcher to supply him with plans, reports, or books
regarding new military equipment and anything Elitcher thought would
be of value to the Soviet Union, pointing out that the final choice
for the Soviet Union of the value of the information would not be up
to Elitcher, but that the information would be evaluated by someone
In September,
1944, Elitcher went on a one-week vacation in a state park in West
Virginia with Morton Sobell and his future wife. During this vacation,
Elitcher told Sobell about Rosenberg's visit and request for
information to be given to the Soviet Union. When he remarked that
Rosenberg had said Sobell was helping in this, Sobell became angry and
said that Rosenberg should not have mentioned his name.
In the summer
of 1945, Elitcher was in New York on vacation and stayed at the
apartment of Julius Rosenberg. Rosenberg mentioned to Elitcher that
Rosenberg had been dismissed from his employment for security reasons
and that his membership in the Communist Party seemed to be the basis
of the case against him. Rosenberg had been worried about this matter
because he thought his dismissal might have had some connection to his
espionage activity, but he was relieved when he found out it concerned
only his Communist activity.
Elitcher also
testified that in September, 1945, Rosenberg came to Elitcher's home
and told him that even though the war was over, Russia's need for
military information continued. Rosenberg asked Elitcher about the
type of work he was doing, and Elitcher told him he was working on
sonar and anti-submarine fire-control devices.
In the early
part of 1946, Elitcher visited an electric company in connection with
official business and stayed at the home of Sobell in Schenectady. At
the time, Sobell was working at this electric company. On this
occasion Sobell and Elitcher discussed their work.
Later that year
Elitcher again saw Sobell, and Sobell asked about an ordnance
pamphlet, but Elitcher said it was not yet ready. Sobell suggested
that Elitcher see Rosenberg again.
At the end of
1946 or in 1947, Elitcher telephoned Rosenberg and said he would like
to see him. At this time Rosenberg advised Elitcher that there had
been some changes in the espionage work, that he felt there was a
leak, and that Elitcher should not come to see him until further
notice. He also advised Elitcher to discontinue his Communist
testified that in 1947, Sobell had secured employment at an instrument
company in New York City doing classified work for the Armed Forces.
Elitcher saw Sobell there several times and on one occasion had lunch
with him at a restaurant in New York City. Sobell asked Elitcher on
this occasion if he knew of any progressive students or graduates and
if so, whether he would put Sobell in touch with them. Elitcher said
he did not know any.
In October,
1948, Elitcher left the Bureau of Ordnance and went to work for the
instrument company in New York City where Sobell was employed. He
lived in a house in Flushing, New York, and Sobell lived on a street
behind him. They went to work together in a car pool. During a trip
home from work one evening, Sobell again asked Elitcher about
individuals Elitcher might know who would be progressive. Sobell
pointed out to Elitcher that because of security measures being taken
by the Government, it was necessary to find students to provide
information whom no one would suspect.
further testified that prior to leaving the Bureau of Ordnance, he had
discussed with Sobell his desire to secure new employment during a
visit Elitcher made to New York City in the summer of 1948. Sobell
told Elitcher not to leave the Bureau of Ordnance until Elitcher had
talked to Rosenberg.
Sobell made an appointment for Elitcher to meet with Rosenberg. They
met on the street in New York, and Rosenberg told Elitcher that it was
too bad Elitcher had decided to leave because Rosenberg needed someone
to work at the Bureau of Ordnance for espionage purposes. Sobell was
present at this meeting and urged Elitcher to stay at the Bureau of
Ordnance. Rosenberg and Elitcher then had dinner together at a
restaurant in New York City where they continued to talk about
Elitcher's desire to leave his job. Rosenberg wanted to know where
important defense work was being done, and Elitcher mentioned
laboratories at Whippany, New Jersey. Rosenberg suggested that
possibly Elitcher could take courses at college to improve his status.
Elitcher also
testified that in July, 1948, he took a trip to New York City by car
during which he believed he was being followed. He proceeded to
Sobell's home and told him of his suspicion. Later that evening,
Sobell mentioned to Elitcher that he had some information for
Rosenberg which was too valuable to destroy, and he wanted to get it
to Rosenberg that night. He requested Elitcher to accompany him.
observed Sobell take a 35-millimeter film container with him and place
it in the glove compartment of Sobell's car. Sobell and he then drove
to a building in New York City and parked on Catherine Street. Sobell
took the container out of the glove compartment and left. When he
returned, Elitcher asked him what Rosenberg thought of Elitcher's
suspicion that he was being followed, and Sobell answered that
Rosenberg thought it was nothing to worry about.
testified that Sobell possessed a camera, some 35-mm film and an
enlarger, and that all of the material Sobell worked on in his various
places of employment was classified. He stated he last saw Sobell in
June, 1950.
cross-examination, Elitcher recalled that during Rosenberg's visit to
his house in June, 1944, which was after D-Day, Rosenberg mentioned
that he had a drink with a Russian in celebration of this event.
Elitcher testified that Rosenberg contacted him at least nine times
from 1944 to 1948 in an attempt to persuade him to obtain information
for him, but that he always put Rosenberg off. In 1948, Elitcher told
Rosenberg that he definitely would not cooperate with him.
Bentley Testifies
Bentley, a confessed former Communist, testified that she was a member
of the Harlem section of the Communist Party from 1935 to 1938. In
July, 1938, she secured a job in the Italian Library of Information,
and for the remainder of that year was instructed to go underground
and to pretend not to know other Communists. While employed there, she
came to know Feruccio Marini, a Communist Party official who handled
Italian Communist activity in the United States. She knew Marini under
the name of F. Brown. In October, 1938, she met Jacob Golos through
Marini. Golos was in the Communist underground and operated World
Tourist, Inc., a travel agency set up in 1927 by the Communist Party.
Until his death in November, 1943, Golos had been a member of the
three-man control commission of the Communist Party in the United
According to
Bentley, the Communist Party of the United States was part of
Communist International. After Golos died, Bentley had other contacts,
the last one being Anatole Gromov, First Secretary of the Soviet
Embassy in the United States; her final contact with Gromov being in
December, 1945. She stated that the information which Golos had
obtained was passed on to the Soviet Embassy.
After Golos
died, Bentley's duties consisted of collecting information from
Communists employed in the U.S. Government and passing it on through
Communist superiors to Moscow. She stated that the Communist Party in
the United States served the interests of Moscow. She revealed that
she transmitted orders to Earl Browder from Moscow which he had to
accept. Pointing out the close relationship between the Communist
Party in this country and Communist International, Bentley stated that
this close relationship was preached at Communist Party meetings. Any
member who did not adhere to the Party line, as dictated by Communist
International in Moscow, was expelled. She revealed that all of her
contacts in her work were obtained from the Communist Party.
In the summer
of 1945, Bentley reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
all her activities and was asked if she would continue her activities
under FBI guidance, which she did until the spring of 1947.
Bentley stated
that, during her association with Golos, she became aware of the fact
that Golos knew an engineer, named "Julius." In the fall of 1942, she
accompanied Golos to Knickerbocker Village but remained in his
automobile. She saw Golos conferring with Julius on the street but at
some distance. From conversations with Golos, she learned that Julius
lived in Knickerbocker Village. She also stated that she had telephone
conversations with Julius from the fall of 1942 until November, 1943.
In interviews
with FBI Agents, Bentley had described Julius as being about 5'10",
slim, and wearing glasses. She had also advised that he was the leader
of a Communist cell of engineers which was turned over to Golos for
Soviet espionage purposes. Julius was to be the contact between Golos
and the group. Golos believed this cell of engineers was capable of
by the FBI disclosed that Julius Rosenberg resided in a development
known as Knickerbocker Village, was 5'10" tall, slim, and wore
glasses. Bentley, however, was unable to make a positive
identification of Julius.
Julius and
Ethel Rosenberg testified and denied all espionage allegations against
them. They admitted having a console table, but denied it was a gift
from the Russians, as claimed by David Greenglass and his wife. They
stated that they bought the table at a New York City department store
in 1944 or 1945. On cross-examination, they were asked questions as to
their Communist affiliations but refused to answer on the grounds of
On March 28,
1951, counsel for each side summed up their respective case to the
jury. On March 29, 1951, the jury rendered a verdict of guilty against
the three defendents, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, and Morton Sobell.
On April 5,
1951, the following sentences were imposed: Julius Rosenberg, death,
such sentence to be carried out during the week of May 21, 1951; Ethel
Rosenberg, death, such sentence to be carried out during the week of
May 21, 1951; and Morton Sobell, imprisonment for a term of 30 years.
Communist Party Front Activities and Propaganda on Behalf of
the Rosenbergs
The desperate
legal struggle waged on behalf of the Rosenbergs was matched in
intensity by an extraordinary propaganda drive to "Save the Rosenbergs."
Significantly, the Communists' frenzied effort to rescue the
Rosenbergs from what they termed "legal murder" was deferred for more
than a year after their arrests and for more than four months after
they had been found guilty in a trial which the Communists later
called a "monstrous frame-up" and "a travesty of justice."
At first the
Rosenberg trial went completely unnoticed in the usually vigilant
Communist Party press. Not a word about the alleged Rosenberg
"frame-up" appeared in the "Daily Worker" until the day after the jury
returned a verdict of guilty. Moreover, the Party's first public
recognition of the Rosenberg case gave no hint whatever of the
tremendous propaganda storm that the Communists would later raise over
the Rosenbergs. Buried inconspicuously on page 9 of the March 30,
1951, "Daily Worker," the Rosenberg conviction was reported in routine
No further
notice appeared in the "Daily Worker" concerning the Rosenberg case
until April 6, 1951, when it was announced under a feature headline as
follows: "Rosenbergs Sentenced to Death, Made Scapegoats for Korean
War." The article, noting that the Rosenbergs were parents of two
small children, appeared to be aimed chiefly at condemning the
severity of the sentence, rather than the verdict itself. The word
"frame-up," later to become virtually synonymous with the Rosenberg
trial in Communist propaganda, was not yet used. In the same issue of
the "Daily Worker," a front-page editorial charging that American
"panic mongers" were deliberately trying to create an atmosphere of
war made several oblique references to the Rosenberg case without,
however, directly questioning the verdict.
It was not
until midsummer of 1951 that the propaganda campaign on behalf of the
Rosenbergs began in earnest. Even at this late date, the Communist
Party did not immediately commit itself to the task of vindicating the
Rosenbergs and exposing the "hideous plot" against them. Instead, the
campaign was intitiated in the form of a series of articles in the
"National Guardian." This publication was described in 1949 by the
California Committee on Un-American Activities as notoriously
Stalinist in its staff, writers, management, and content.
It is evident
that the clemency drive on behalf of the Rosenbergs was from the
beginning a highly artificial affair, and was carefully promoted
rather than a spontaneous public reaction which the Communist press
sought to show. This was indicated from the mere fact that the "Daily
Worker" was about to print the names and addresses of hundreds of
clergymen and intellectuals who had written to the President asking
for clemency. Unless the National Committee to Secure Justice in the
Rosenberg Case (NCSJRC), or the Communist Party, had solicited such
letters themselves, the Party press would have had no way of knowing
who had written to the White House except in a few isolated incidents.
At a number of rallies sponsored by the NCSJRC, individuals in
attendance were handed telegrams, post cards, or letters which were
completely filled out and addressed to the President and which lacked
only a signature. In addition, it was reported that representatives of
the NCSJRC conducted intensive house-to-house canvasses in an effort
to obtain signatures for clemency petitions.
From December
27, 1952, to January 17, 1953, a continuous round-the-clock picket
line was maintained by Rosenberg sympathizers at the White House
during the period that former President Truman was presumably studying
a plea for executive clemency. This "White House Clemency Vigil" was
called off on January 17, 1953, after more than 500 consecutive hours,
only when it became evident that President Truman would not rule on
the petition for clemency prior to his retirement from office.
According to the "Daily Worker," this affair climaxed on January 5,
1953, when more than 2,000 persons from 22 states arrived at the
District of Columbia to take part in the "vigil."
As the final
legal moves were being made by the Rosenbergs' defense attorneys,
thousands of pickets formed around the White House in June, 1953. The
majority of these pickets poured into Washington, D.C., from New York
City, where the NCSJRC had arranged for several special "clemency
trains" to carry these Rosenberg sympathizers to the Nation's Capital.
The picketing
at the White House began at approximately 1:30 p.m. on June 14; at
4:00 p.m. the pickets marched to Ninth Street and Constitution Avenue,
Northwest, where the NCSJRC held a "prayer meeting" at which the
Rosenbergs were eulogized by officials of the Committee and several
An official
count of the pickets by the Washington, D.C., Metropolitan Police
Department indicated that there were approximately 6,800 persons
involved in this attempt to pressure the President of the United
States into granting clemency for the convicted atom spies. The
NCSJRC's own estimate of the number of pickets was set at 13,000.
Following this
"prayer meeting," the majority of pickets returned to New York City,
leaving a small handful of pickets to continue the "24-hour vigil" at
the White House. The picketing of the White House continued until June
17, 1953, when after the U.S. Supreme Court recessed for the summer,
one of the Supreme Court justices announced that he had granted a stay
of execution in order that new points of law brought before him by
defense attorneys could be heard by the lower courts.
Upon receiving
the news that the Government was successful in petitioning for an
extraordinary session of the U.S. Supreme Court, the NCSJRC went into
action and again sent pickets to parade before the White House. The
picketing continued until the execution of the Rosenbergs was
announced at approximately 8:45 p.m. on June 19, 1953, at which time
about 500 pickets were on hand at the White House.
This case has
been used by Communist Parties thoughout the world for propaganda
purposes against the United States. American embassies in Canada and
Europe were flooded with petitions for clemency by various people and
organizations. During the last few days prior to the execution of the
Rosenbergs, demonstrations were held in major capitals of Europe, such
as Paris, Rome and London. In a news release on June 20, 1953, foreign
reaction to the execution was reported as follows: " 'Paris -
Communist-led groups swarmed through European streets last night and
early today in generally orderly demonstrations protesting the
execution of atom spies Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. A French teenager
was shot and wounded and 386 persons were arrested in Paris."
Court Action Following Convictions
The Communists
employed every conceivable trick in their efforts to aid the atom
spies, including high-pressuring the courts by innumerable appeals.
The case was dragged out for a period in excess of two years.
On February 11,
1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower denied the petition for executive
clemency filed by the Rosenbergs. In denying this petition, President
Eisenhower stated, "These two individuals have been tried and
convicted of a most serious crime against the people of the United
States. They have been found guilty of conspiring with intent and
reason to believe that it would be to the advantage of a foreign
power, to deliver to the agents of that foreign power certain highly
secret atomic information relating to the national defense of the
United States. The nature of the crime for which they have been found
guilty and sentenced far exceeds that of the taking of the life of
another citizen; it involves the deliberate betrayal of the entire
Nation and could very well result in the death of many, many thousands
of innocent citizens. By their act these two individuals have, in
fact, betrayed the cause of freedom for which free men are fighting
and dying at this very hour."
Eisenhower continued, "The courts have provided every opportunity for
the submission of evidence bearing on this case. In this time-honored
tradition of American justice, a freely selected jury of their fellow
citizens considered the evidence in this case and rendered its
judgement. All rights of appeal were exercised and the conviction of
the trial court was upheld after full judicial review, including that
of the highest court in the land. I have made a careful examination
into this case, and I am satisfied that the two individuals have been
accorded their full measure of justice. There has been neither new
evidence nor have there been mitigating circumstances which would
justify altering this decision and I have determined that it is my
duty, in the interest of the people of the United States, not to set
aside the verdict of their representatives.
On May 29,
1953, the District Judge set the date of execution of the Rosenbergs
for the week of June 15, 1953. At the time, the usual execution date
at Sing Sing Prison was Thursday night, which meant the Rosenbergs
were scheduled to die on June 18, 1953.
additional appeals both to the Circuit Court of Appeals for the Second
Circuit and the U.S. Supreme Court followed.
Finally, on
June 16, 1953, a Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court requested the
Rosenberg defense attorneys to submit their petitions for a stay of
execution in writing. On that date, two attorneys appeared at the
Supreme Court and attempted to file petitions for a writ of habeas
corpus on behalf of the Rosenbergs. Their action in attempting to file
these writs was opposed by attorneys for the Rosenbergs. These
petitions for a writ of habeas corpus were heard by the Supreme Court
Justice in his chambers.
The main issue
made in the petition was that, under the 1946 Atomic Energy Act, the
death sentence might be imposed only upon the recommendation of the
jury and then only when the defendants were charged with intent to
injure the United States. It was argued that, inasmuch as the
conspiracy for which the Rosenbergs were convicted commenced in 1944
and existed until 1950, the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act
applied to the sentencing, rather than the provisions of the Espionage
Act of 1917.
On June 17,
1953, a stay of execution was granted by this Justice in order that
the question raised could be argued in the District Court and more
evidence received in order to determine whether there was merit to the
On June 19,
1953, a special session of the U.S. Supreme Court, which had been
called by the Chief Justice, vacated the stay of execution granted two
days previously.
On June 19,
1953, the President of the United States refused to grant executive
clemency to Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. In this refusal, the President
stated, "Since its original review proceedings in the Rosenberg case
by the Supreme Court of the United States, the courts have considered
numerous further proceedings challenging the Rosenberg convictions and
the sentences imposed. Within the last two days, the Supreme Court,
convened in a special session, has again reviewed a further point
which one of the justices felt the Rosenbergs should have an
opportunity to present. This morning the Supreme Court ruled that
there was no substance to this point. I am convinced that the only
conclusion to be drawn from a history of this case is that the
Rosenbergs have received the benefit of every safeguard which American
justice can provide. There is no question in my mind that their
original trial and the long series of appeals constitute the fullest
measure of justice and due process of law. Throughout the innumerable
complications and technicalities of this case, no judge has ever
expressed any doubt that they committed most serious acts of
espionage. Accordingly, only most extraordinary circumstances would
warrant executive intervention in this case. I am not unmindful of the
fact that this case has aroused grave concern both here and abroad. In
this connection, I can only say that by immeasurably increasing the
chances of atomic war the Rosenbergs may have condemned to death tens
of millions of innocent people all over the world. The execution of
two human beings is a grave matter, but even graver is the thought of
the millions of dead whose death may be directly attributable to what
these spies have done."
The President
continued, "When democracy's enemies have been judged guilty of a
crime as horrible as that of which the Rosenbergs were convicted; when
the legal processes of democracy have been marshaled to their maximum
strength to protect the lives of convicted spies; when in their most
solemn judgment the tribunals of the United States have adjudged them
guilty and the sentence just, I will not intervene in this matter."
At 8:05 p.m. on
June 19, 1953, Julius Rosenberg was executed at Sing Sing Prison,
Ossining, New York. At 8:15 p.m. on the same date, Ethel Rosenberg was
executed at Sing Sing Prison.
David Greenglass, who received a 15-year sentence after a guilty plea,
was released from Federal prison on November 16, 1960. He was required
to report periodically to a parole officer until November, 1965.
1 |
2 | 3 |


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text:
That's because the Sacramento State Hornets are a hard group to get a handle on.
They're breaking in a new offensive backfield - last year's quarterback (former Aggie Jeff Fleming) and leading rusher (running back Bryan Hilliard) are gone, replaced by sophomore Garrett Safron and senior Sam McCowan, respectively, on the depth chart. The team also has a new offensive coordinator, that being Paul Peterson who came on board from Southern Utah.
NMSU head coach DeWayne Walker said that Sacramento State will try to spread out the Aggie defense and "open things up," forcing NMSU to "defend in space." Walker and linebacker Bryan Bonilla also indicated the Aggies would look to contain Safron as a runner.
"Defensively, we've had to turn over every rock possible to try and figure (the Hornets) out," Walker said. "You have the Southern Utah schemes, and the head coach (Marshall Sperbeck), he ran the offense so we're not sure if he's going to keep some of his schemes. We're just trying to show our guys as much as possible."
NMSU cornerback Darien Johnson said the Aggies are watching mostly film from last year's Southern Utah squad, which liked to "use their slot receivers. Option routes and go-routes on the outside," before adding, "We don't really know."
Last year's version of the Hornets, a program from the Football Championship Subdivision, was a tough one to figure in itself.
"They know. They know," Walker said with a wink and chuckle, when asked if he'd reminded his team of the Hornets' upset prowess.
"No, not really," he added when asked if such a performance was in the back of the Aggies' mind. "It's 2012, not 2011. We're going to get ready and battle on Thursday night."
And then there's the Aggies, who also could be considered somewhat of an unknown product. Coming off a 4-9 season - a year in which there was marked improvement on the field - NMSU has new coordinators of their own.
Jerry McManus will operate the offense, hired to replace Doug Martin during the offseason. The system largely won't change (McManus was a long-time assistant under Martin at East Carolina and then Kent State) although some personnel has, and the Aggies are expected to establish the run more in 2012.
"He's been a running backs coach for a long time," quarterback Andrew Manley said of McManus. "As a new offense, you'll see a little bit more running, pounding it up the middle. A little bit more (running) trying to get those tough yards, instead of throwing it for those tough yards."
Defensively, former Western Kentucky head coach David Elson will be at the controls and Walker figures to have a bigger hand in the gameplan. The team hopes to have beefed up its front-seven (defensive line/linebackers) while breaking in four new starters in the secondary.
"Sometimes new players are better players," Walker said. "You know, they talk about, 'well, their defense was crappy last year and they have three starters coming back so they're probably going to be crappy again.' I totally disagree. Having brand-new guys will bring a better defense. And I think we are better."
On top of such odd intricacies is the game being on Thursday night while the majority of college football teams will kick off their season in a more traditional fashion - with Saturday as the primary game day.
"This is the first time in my college career having a Thursday-night game," Walker said. "The beauty of it is that it's our first game. From a planning standpoint, it was easier. If we had to play on a Thursday night midway through the season, that would probably be a little more complicated. For the first game, it's not that complicated."
Perhaps Bryan Bonilla described it most succinctly going into the 2012 opener: "As far as schemes go, at the end of the day, it's the first game of the season. Everybody brings new stuff to the table. We have to bring our A-game."
Teddy Feinberg can be reached at (575) 541-5455. Follow him on Twitter @TeddyFeinberg


text:
California council accepts police officer's resignation
A California borough police officer suspended for a month in May is officially off the force.
Terry L. Childs offered no reason for his resignation in the brief letter council accepted during a special session Thursday night. Council and Mayor Casey Durdines were equally noncommittal about the resignation. The resignation, which included a one-week notice when written, was effective Dec. 1.
At the end of the brief meeting, council President Jon Bittner announced the board conducted an executive session Tuesday to "deal with police matters."
When pressed about which officer was discussed, Bittner acknowledged the session concerned Childs. He would provide no further details about the executive session.
Durdines, who oversees the police department, declined to discuss Childs' resignation.
"It is what it is," Durdines said. "We wish him the best of luck."
Childs and Officer Justin Shultz were suspended for a month without pay after they drove to Washington, Pa., to return an unmarked car during a Friday night shift May 3.
The unauthorized trip left the borough with just one available officer. In their absence, a fight broke out outside of Sigz Bistro on Second Street. Police from the Centerville, Charleroi Regional, Donora and East Bethlehem departments ended up being dispatched to the borough.
Thursday night, council was silent on Shultz's status – except to acknowledge he is "off the schedule." No action was taken concerning Shultz's status Thursday night.
Shultz, 29, of Connellsville, was charged this week with misdemeanor counts of official oppression and simple assault.
The charges, filed by California Chief Rick Encapera, stem from an alleged early morning incident Nov. 9 involving Shultz and Adam Logan, 27, of California.
Logan was in custody at the police station around 3 a.m., awaiting arraignment on charges related to an alleged purse-snatching.
Logan was standing in a holding cell, handcuffed behind his back and secured to a bench with a leg shackle, according to an affidavit of probable cause.
Video footage Encapera shared with The Valley Independent this week shows Logan appearing to continuously bicker with Shultz and two other officers as Shultz finished searching the prisoner.
The video shows the three officers leaving the cell with Logan continuing to chatter. It appears Shultz walked back in, grabbed Logan by the throat, pinned him against the wall and shook him twice. Shultz then pulled Logan toward him and slammed him to the bench and floor. Logan appeared to be in what Encapera described as "substantial pain."
On Nov. 18, Logan waived his right to a preliminary hearing on robbery, simple assault and other charges for the alleged purse-snatching. He remains in the Washington County Correctional Facility in lieu of $10,000 bond.
After viewing the video, Encapera said he sent an email to Shultz on Nov. 11 telling him not to come to work. The chief subsequently wrote a letter to Shultz, telling the officer he was off the work schedule.
Thursday night, Bittner said he had "no comment" on Shultz's status.
Durdines said he does not comment on personnel matters.
Chris Buckley is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. He can be reached at 724-684-2642 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
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text:
Pokémon Tournaments
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Aug 26, 2014 by Doctor Oak (3,898 Views / 12 Likes) 12 Comments
The concept of the guys at Namco Bandai's Tekken coming together with The Pokemon Company/Nintendo to build a Pokemon version of Tekken is, on paper, so insane sounding that despite multiple indications over the past year that exactly that was happening, even the most open minded of us found it hard to commit to the theory.
So it probably doesn't really add up that I would espouse that the upcoming, actually being made, game could possibly be the best thing the series has done since the height of the original launch. But I am.
Some of the wide, wide range of Pokemon today. [Source]
Aug 18, 2014 by Demelza (1,709 Views / 3 Likes) 7 Comments
After a grand weekend of battling our video game and trading card game world champions for 2014 have been decided. Our champions for this year are as follows:
Video Game Champions:
- Junior divison champion - Kota Yamamoto
- Senior divison champion - Nikolai Zielinski
- Master division champion - Se Jun Park
- Junior divison champion - Haruto Kobayashi
- Senior divison champion - Trent Orndorff
- Master divison champion - Andrew Estrada
Aug 16, 2014 by Demelza (1,223 Views / 6 Likes) 6 Comments
Our second major news from the Pokémon World Championships has just come thanks to Masuda officially revealing Mega Slowbro after the Pokémon leaked earlier this week.
During the opening ceremony for the event Masuda officially revealed Mega Slowbro, and while he commented that he may not be the first to show us the Pokémon, he is the first to show us footage of it in battle. The trailer can be seen above.
Aug 13, 2014 by Doctor Oak (1,946 Views / 3 Likes) 4 Comments
We don't really cover the anime or the TCG here a lot at Pokecharms, so why not break that mould a little bit with a two for one deal?
The new Furious Fists TCG set launched today, and to celebrate it, the Pokemon Company has uploaded a couple of new adverts that'll be playing out for it, including a specially produced anime scene detailing the biggest names in the set:
There's also a slightly less appealing advert with some dodgy 3D models if you want to also check that out.
The focus on Mega Lucario in the set would come as no real surprise, as the card is more or less an I-win kind of play, but the other Pokemon mentioned in the advert are also ones to keep an eye out for at events such as Nationals and Worlds. Due to rules introduced this year, however, Furious Fists will not be...
Jul 28, 2014 by Demelza (1,715 Views / 4 Likes) 3 Comments
The official website for the Pokémon World Championships 2014 is now open. This year's event is being held in Washington DC across the 16th and 17th of August. Alike last year the event will be streamed via the Pokémon Twitch channel.
On the Saturday the Twitch channel will be streaming select TCG and VGC matches over the course of the day. On Sunday the channel will be streaming the top six matches of every age division for the TCG and VGC letting us see who is crowned the champion of each division this year.
It has also been revealed that trainers attending the event will be able to download an Aegislash. The Aegislash will know the moves Wide Guard, King's Shield, Shadow Ball, and Flash Cannon and be at Level 50 and holding a Sitrus Berry.
May 1, 2014 by Demelza (1,554 Views / 4 Likes) 8 Comments
The latest in the International Challenge series of Wi-Fi tournaments for Pokémon X and Pokémon Y has been announced. This tournament is the 2014 International Challenge - May and will open registration on the 8th of May until the 15th of May. Battles will then take place from the 16th of May until midnight on the 18th of May.
The tournament will be using the Video Game Championships 2014 rules which are Double Battles using Flat Rules. Players will be split into two different ages divisions, players born in 1998 or earlier will be in the Masters divisions while anyone born in 1999 or later will be playing in the Junior/Senior divisions.
All Pokémon must be caught or bred in Kalos and be part of the Kalos Pokédex's. As with the last tournament players will only be able to battle up to 20 times a day. The only banned Pokémon are Mewtwo, Xerneas, Yveltal and Zygarde.
We wish players the best of luck and may the best trainer win!
Mar 29, 2014 by Demelza (10,991 Views / 5 Likes) 5 Comments
A new Wi-Fi tournament for owners of Pokémon X and Pokémon Y has been announced. The tournament will go by the name of 2014 April Friendly and will be using single battle rules. All Pokémon from the Kalos Pokédex will be able to take part, including legendaries such as Xerneas and Yveltal. All Pokémon must have been bred or caught in Kalos, Pokémon transferred using Pokémon Bank are not allowed.
Registration for the tournament opens on the 17th of April and closes on the 24th. Battles will take place from the 25th of April through to the 28th. Players can play 20 battles per day.
Best of luck to all those that take part!
Feb 21, 2014 by Demelza (2,082 Views / 2 Likes) 10 Comments
Early this morning Nintendo announced a brand new tournament for Pokémon X and Pokémon Y owners in the UK. The tournament will take place in GAME stores and shopping centres across the UK between the 1st of March and the 5th of April, with a grand final being held in London on the 26th of April.
The tournament will be using the official VGC 2014 rules and will be single elimination knock-out. Four different groups will be held at each regional tournament with the winner of each group then getting to take part in the championship in London. The groups are as follows:
- Ultimate Pokémon Expert group for players 13 and over. The prize for winning this group at the championship will give you a week-long trip to Japan and a pass to the second round in the VGC event in May.
- Junior Pokémon Expert group for players 12 and under. The prize for...
Feb 4, 2014 by KoL (2,139 Views / 0 Likes) 40 Comments
Due to positive reception and the arrival of Pokemon Bank today, the Insane Calculation tournament has officially received the go-ahead. The rules are as follows, some of which have been directly taken from the previous topic:
The rules are similar to the Alphabet Soup tournament held back in Gen IV but, hence the name, a fair bit more complicated. It's 3vs3 singles again, mainly so that people don't have to breed and train too many Pokemon right away, and instead of just letters, you'll be receiving three separate characteristics for each individual Pokemon in your team, for example:
Pokemon 1 must be a Grass-type. Dual-typed Pokemon do count as long as one of their types is Grass-type.
Pokemon 2 must not be blue in colour. If the Pokemon's shiny colouration is not blue but the regular form is blue, only the shiny form can be used and vice versa.
Pokemon 3's species name must contain more than five letters.
Nov 23, 2013 by Demelza (8,380 Views / 5 Likes) 13 Comments
The rules for the next season of the Pokémon Video Game Championships have been revealed. Not many changes have come into effect, and any that have were mostly expected, but nevertheless this is how our 2014 rules look:
- Battles will still be using the Double Battles format as it has done for a number of years now and we'll be using Pokémon X and Pokémon Y.
- Players this year are limited to only using Pokémon from the Kalos Pokédex. So anything from #001 to #150 in the Central Kalos Pokédex, #001 to #153 in the Coastal Kalos Pokédex, and #001 to #147 in the Mountain Kalos Pokédex.
- As many who have played Pokémon X and Pokémon Y know, a lot of the Pokémon found throughout the Kalos Pokédex are from past generations. However, while the Pokémon can be used in this VGC season, you can't use a Pokémon that has been transferred to Pokémon X and Pokémon Y using Pokémon Bank and Poké Transporter....
Page 1 of 2


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Pokémon alive and well in Sewickley with club
Janet Huddleston of Glen Osborne paused to look at the children laying out their Pokémon cards, eating cookies that featured the Pokémon symbol and chatting with one another.
"It just looks like chaos to me, but they all know what they're doing," she said as the meeting for the new Pokémon League began in the Sewickley Public Library last week.
Grant, 9, and Drew, 11, along with their mother and father, Tom, started the new Pokémon League earlier this month. Nineteen middle and elementary school children, including several home-schooled children from other areas, showed up at the first meeting.
The league consists mostly of boys, except for Phoebe Morrill, 11, an Osborne Elementary fifth-grader. As she organized her cards on one of the tables set up in the community room, she said she doesn't ever battle.
Phoebe mostly likes to have fun looking at the cards and drawing the characters on paper.
"These shiny ones are my favorite," she said.
For Grant, a Osborne fourth-grader, Pokémon is about more than trading cards and battling.
He calls the game "very strategic and very structured."
Players must use addition and subtraction for some of the tasks, and they are responsible for keeping cards organized and in good condition by storing them in a binder.
Grant said he likes the league because it helps him expand his collection. He and Drew, an Osborne fifth-grader, have about 400 cards each.
He likes that he can be comfortable walking up to someone he doesn't know, asking about their cards and making friends with others who already share a common interest.
His mother said the game involves no computers and is "very social."
"I'm just thrilled about it. To get kids to do that in this day and age is great," she said.
Huddleston said her sons originally joined another league in Pittsburgh's Shadyside neighborhood over the summer. When they met two others there from Sewickley, they thought there probably would be enough interest in their own area to start another group. According to www.pokemon.com, there are six leagues in or close to the Pittsburgh area, in Shadyside, West Mifflin, Oakmont, Tarentum, Cranberry and Butler.
Member Robinson Kastan, 14, a Quaker Valley seventh-grader, had been going to Shadyside but switched to Sewickley. The Huddlestons call him "the expert" because he has 2,397 cards and knows the ins and outs of the game.
He said he seriously started collecting about a year ago and likes the league because he can "get a lot of good cards, and there are some nice people."
Pokémon debuted in Japan in 1996, first as a video game. The game is based on fictional "species" — collectible, evolving characters that are pitted against one another.
Anyone can come to the league in Sewickley. They don't need to register or join, and there is no cost unless players want to purchase cards provided by Fun by the Pound of Sewickley at each meeting. The average cost is about $4 for 10 cards.
The group is in the process of becoming an officially sanctioned league, which will entitle it to receive promotional items and allow players to register their playing activity with the Pokémon organization.
In addition to collecting and trading cards, players battle card against card.
If a player knocks out a card, he receives a prize card. The first player to get all six prize cards wins.
By trading and collecting cards, players try to build a powerful deck by collecting cards featuring certain high-value characteristics, making them stronger in battle.
Some cards can evolve or get stronger if they are paired with other cards; some can put other cards to sleep or poison them. Some require the player to perform certain tasks that can make their character stronger or weaker.
For those just starting to trade and battle, the library has several Pokémon books to help children catch onto the game.
Joanne Barron is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. She can be reached at 412-324-1406 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
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- Photos: Sewickley garden club preparing for holidays
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- Photos: Pets get photos with Santa at Animal Friends


text:
Intel, IBM Overhaul Material for Next-Generation Microprocessor
Both companies modify transistor materials to make smaller, faster, more energy-efficient processors.
On Saturday, Intel and IBM separately announced a new type of transistor material that the companies say will lead to smaller chips, increased computing performance, and more energy-efficient computers. Both chip makers have plans to integrate the new material into the next manufacturing line of chips–known as the 45-nanometer generation–within a year. Ultimately, this advance should make computers better at playing video games, editing movies, and performing other processor-intense tasks.
Intel, known for its personal-computer chips, has also announced that the new chips will appear in its next generation of "dual core" and "quad core" computers and servers, which are expected to be in production at the end of this year. IBM, well-known for its servers and high-performance computing systems, expects that products featuring its new chips will ship by early 2008.
Historically, the performance of microprocessors has doubled every two years, following a trend known as Moore's Law. Performance has increased thanks to chip fabrication technology that has let transistors shrink with each generation, either allowing more transistors to be packed on a chip or allowing the chips to be made smaller. Currently, most computer and server microprocessors are made using what is known as a 65-nanometer process. The next generation of transistors will be made smaller using a 45-nanometer process. However, the companies' new materials will provide this generation of chip with a performance boost that wouldn't be possible otherwise.
One of the material changes will be in an important transistor component called the gate dielectric. This component helps control the flow of electrons, which turn the transistor on or off. For decades, the gate dielectric has been made of an insulating material called silicon dioxide. However, as transistors have shrunk, the layer of silicon dioxide has needed to become thinner. This poses a problem, however, because a thin layer of silicon dioxide lets electrical current leak through it, producing excess heat and resulting in poor device performance.
IBM and Intel found that a material called high-k produces the same benefits of silicon dioxide, but it can do so in a thicker layer. The material is based on the element hafnium, and both companies claim that it significantly reduces the amount of current leakage.
In addition to having to replace the gate dielectric, both companies were forced to rethink the type of material to use for the gate itself–the transistor component that ultimately turns a transistor on and off. Traditionally, gates have been made of polysilicon, a less structured form of crystalline silicon, which is used in the transistor. But in order to make the gate compatible with the new gate dielectric, Intel and IBM replaced polysilicon with a metal whose name neither company will disclose at this time.


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November 24, 2015
Stay Connected Anywhere
Kansas cornerback Aqib Talib isn't saying
whether the Jayhawks' Orange Bowl game with Virginia Tech might be
his last.
The junior All-American is certain to be a high pick if he
declares for the NFL draft.
For now, the 6-foot-2, 205-pound Texas native just says he will
talk about that later.
The Number 8 Jayhawks (11-1) meet Number 5 Virginia Tech (11-2)
in the Orange Bowl on January 3rd.
It's Kansas' first major postseason game since the 1968 season,
and a big reason the Jayhawks got there is Talib.
He had interceptions in three straight games at one point this
year and a 100-yard interception return.
In the first half of the season, he also caught four touchdown
passes as a wide receiver.
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text:
- Age / Gender:
- 20, Male
- Location:
- texas
- Joined:
- 1/22/11
- All Stats >
love newgrounds
User Statshot
- Community Stats
Level 1 Blank Slate
Normal Whistle
Ranked as Civilian
Contact Info / Websites
Latest News
Long live the banner of the dragon!
Recent Game Medals
Ultimate Blade 10 Points Kill 25 enemies instantly. Medal Stats.
Shooter 10 Points Kill 300 enemies in total. Medal Stats.
Boom 5 Points Use a bomb for the first time. Medal Stats.
The End The Game 100 Points Finish all the levels... Oh, but that's JUST the levels! Medal Stats.
Charged With Battery 50 Points Finish two thirds of the levels. Medal Stats.
Unzipping in the No-Fly Zone 25 Points Finish one third of the levels. Medal Stats.
level one 5 Points Complete the first level Medal Stats.
fun time 5 Points Enter in the office and start the real game Medal Stats.
I am not a troll 5 Points Read the instructions Medal Stats.
Change of Perspective 10 Points Evade "A" freezing death Medal Stats.
Total Medals Earned: 46 (From 8 different games.)


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You know, I've been a Lions fan since I was a wee little lad, and I haven't felt this optimistic about my team since we had Barry. And with Kevin Jones coming back soon where we'll actually have a running game, that will keep teams defense honest where they can't stack up against the pass. If Kitna can stop throwing red zone picks and the defense keeps playing the same way, I could see this team going 10-6 and possibly getting the wild card.
This team actually has heart and the attitude to win.
I'd not bet on Jones at all this year to be fair... he tore BOTH ligaments in the knee... that stuff takes a long time to heal (look at McNabb and Culpepper as examples)... and if Kitna stopped making dumb interceptions he'd not be John Kitna
though I may have to up my pick from 6-10 to 8-8 now on them
which is still enough to win that awful division!!


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BaBylissPRO Carrera 2 Ceramic Ionic Hair Dryer
- #all hair types
- / #smoothing
- / #frizz control
- / #ceramic
- / #ionic
- / #great value
- / #long-life
- / #essentials
- / #folica steal
The BaBylissPRO Carrera 2 Ceramic Ionic Hair Dryer combines high heat and powerful air pressure in a compact design that makes for optimum styling performance. Its ceramic ionic technology generates negative ions that dry hair quickly while eliminating static and frizz.
The Carrera's infrared heat technology closes the hair cuticle and quickly dries hair from the inside out. Both styling time and damage will be cut in half. We love to turn up the heat and the BaBylissPRO Carrera 2 Ceramic Ionic Hair Dryer creates exceptional air pressure and great high temperatures, which is the mix for a beautiful blowout.
Model#: BABP6685 /
Guaranteed AuthenticGuaranteed Authentic
Folica is an authorized distributer of this product and guarantees its authenticity.Close
- 25% Less Weight - weighs less, delivers more air pressure and higher heat than standard full size dryers
- 25% More Compact - smaller housing with ergonomically designed handle offers more styling control and comfort
- 50% More Power - minimum 1900 watt performance
- Ionic technology - leaves hair shiny, silky and more manageable by splitting water molecules to drastically reduce drying time
- Ceramic - increases heat distribution to eliminate damaging hot spots caused by non-professional dryers and also emits ions that assist in the breakdown of bacteria. Renews and enhances the vitality of your hair, making it smooth and silky with exceptional shine.
- Narrow concentrator nozzle
- Unsurpassed power-to-weight ratio
- Extended life professional AC Motor
- 6 heat and speed settings
- Instant cool shot button
- Soft-touch rubberized surface
- Removable filter
- 9-foot professional cord
- 3-year limited warranty
|Cord Length:
|9 Foot
|3 Year(s)
|Attachments Included:
|Cord Type:
|Fixed Cord
|Technology :
|Ionic, Variable Speed Flow, Variable Heat Control, Cold Shot
|Motor Type:
|AC Motor
Folica's Warranty
Folica stands behind every product we sell and we honor all manufacturers' warranties. For all electrical appliances we offer complete protection. If you experience any problem with an item purchased from us and it's still under the warranty period, all you have to do is fill out our Warranty Replacement form, send us the items plus a small shipping and handling fee and we will take care of the rest. We'll repair or replace your item with a new product or a Folica Certified Refurbished product. It's that simple.
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#trade secret / #retro
The Turbo Power Turbo 1500 Professional Hair Dryer offers fast and perfect drying results.New Price:
Fantastic Dryer!My BaByliss is absolutely fantastic! It did not overheat once, which was one of my biggest problems with my old hair dryer. It is very powerful and literally cut my drying time in half. I have a lot of very thick and wavy hair. It usually takes me an hour and a half just to get it dry, and not necessarily straight. With the BaByliss I sectioned and straightened it in about 40 minutes. I like my hair pin straight so I will still need to flat iron it but I now know I have the option of having some volume to it by just blow drying it. It is slightly bigger and heavier than my old dryer but that's just a matter of my getting used to this one. I'm sure my drying time will be even less once I get the hang of using the new dryer. Another great plus is the removable filter and the extremely long cord. I LOVE my BaByliss!!! Highly recommend it.Feb 1, 2012NadjaHAIR TYPEBlack / Normal Hair / Thick or Coarse Hair
Use this link to send this review via e-mail, Twitter, or to post to your blog.Close
Good Hair Day = Every DayThis hairdryer lets me walk out of the house with a "Good Hair Day" everyday. I have super thick, full bodied wavy hair that I blow out straight on a round brush EVERY single day and it takes forever. This hairdryer smooths out all my frizzed ends leaving me with sleek, soft, just-stepped-out-of-the-salon hair. On the other hand, the other day I dried it into curls around a brush and the cool shot button left me with flippy curls all day long. And it dries FAST without burning.
One thing I might redesign in the next model...sometimes my fingers hit the buttons and I accidentally change temp/speed. However I've adjusted how I hold the dryer and the buttons are just fine now.Feb 1, 2012Amy B. / AtlantaHAIR TYPEDark Brown / Normal Hair / Color Treated Hair
Use this link to send this review via e-mail, Twitter, or to post to your blog.Close
Dont Hesitate! This One's A KeeperI just retired my Revlon ionic blow dryer as it started to die.It seemed to be a good time to upgrade to a more professional grade dryer. I read these reviews and had to give this dryer a try. I have very, very thick wavy hair which I dry and the flat iron with my Sedu flatiron that I bought from Folica 2 years ago, another excellent choice btw. Drying used to take about 8-10 minutes and today, I used my brand new BaByliss dryer and I was totally dry in 3 minutes. The hot setting was so hot I saw steam coming off my hair. About a minute in I switched to med and finished the job. Shockingly fast and my hair was noticeably shinier than it was using my old dryer. I thought the comments in the reviews about shinier hair was just an exaggeration...IT'S NOT. my hair is shinier!
I think I may have read that this dryer is a little heavy....its not heavy at all and how heavy could it be, after all, my hair was dry in 3 minutes.
I like the sale price. I bought some Moroccan Argan Oil to bump up over $50.00 to get the free shipping. It smells nice.
I hope this helps. Fyi, I personally only write reviews on items I deem worthy. I don't like parting with hard earned money for items that are mediocre. This one, although not terribly expensive feels, looks, and works like it is.Jan 26, 2012Jill / North Andover MAHAIR TYPEAuburn / Curly Hair / Color Treated Hair / Thick or Coarse Hair
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This Blowdryer Packs A Punch. A Definite Upgrade To What I Had.This blow dryer is noticeably more powerful than my last. 1900 watts -vs- 1875 watts doesn't seem like that big of a difference but it is. It probably cuts my drying time in half in the morning. It's a little heavier than Iâ??m used to which is ok b/c I don't have to hold onto it as long. The cord is lengthy and might be better if it was retractable. My shoulder length hair gets more tangled than before but that comes with the higher output and not that big of a deal. I would recommend this to anyone looking for a good, quality blow dryer at a reasonable price. I paid $60 + free shipping.Jan 10, 2012Heather / Toledo, OHHAIR TYPEAuburn / Normal Hair / Dry Hair / Thick or Coarse Hair
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Body BabyI have always owned the cheap drug store hair dryers all my live. Then I finally got myself this dryer for myself for Christmas. I have fine, thin, wavy, highlighted hair and have always had frizzy results from my other dryers. The other dryers usually only had hot or cool temp settings where the hot was too hot and the cool was downright cold. This lovely dryer has 3 heat settings and they are all great! As much as I luv this dryer, I struggle with how heavy it is. The vibration and weight make my hands and arms tingle and fall asleep if I use it long enough to completely straighten it with a big round brush. But I luv the results to much to care.Jan 4, 2012Desiree M. / San Jose, CaHAIR TYPELight Brown / Curly Hair / Color Treated Hair / Fine or Thin Hair
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FastThis is my second time buying, the first one I bought lasted about 3 years and then it started loosing power. There is a 3 year warranty so keep your reciept. I didn't so I ended up buying another. Dries your hair straight in half the time of my other hair dryers.
It's a pricey dryer but bought it through Folica for a great price with the discounts!Dec 28, 2011Msa
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Had Them All, This Is The Best.I've had the CHI blowdryer, the bionic, and many others... I've had this blowdryer for about a year and a half now and it is amazing. For the first time in my life I use the blowdryer and forget about the iron. Seriously recommend this blowdryer. It is amazing.Dec 8, 2011Jennifer / Miami, FLHAIR TYPEDark Brown / Normal Hair / Thick or Coarse Hair
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I Can Go Crazy With Styling My Hair.This is my first ionic dryer. I love it. My hair is fine and colored. It gives it more volume and I like that I can dry it without super heat. Then I can use a burst of cold air and sit my style.Nov 17, 2011Judy / VirginiaHAIR TYPEBlonde / Oily Hair / Color Treated Hair / Fine or Thin Hair
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Second One!Great hair dryer for those with curly hair who want to straighten it. This is my second BabyBliss and I LOVE IT!!Nov 8, 2011KellyHAIR TYPECurly Hair
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Best Hair Dryer EverThis is my first professional hair dryer and I cannot believe I waited so long to buy one. I have always bought dryers from Wal-Mart or the drugstore for a very reasonable price. However, I noticed that when I leave the hair salon my hair is always so shiny and frizz free so I asked what hair dryer they were using. At the beauty school that colors my hair they use this particular Babyliss, so I bought one. After reading the reviews I was a little skeptical because of the weight however I received it a week ago and I am so thrilled that I cannot belive I waited so long. The weight on this dryer is not that bad and since I have cut my drying time in half it really is not even an issue. The way my hair feels is awesome. It has a lot more shine and is very soft to the touch. I have more volume in my baby fine hair which is about shoulder length. This is an investment and well worth the money. As for ordering from Folica, I was very pleased with the fast delivery, (it took less than a week to arrive). If you are even thinking about a professional grade dryer this is the one for you. If you are like me I spend the extra money on quality shampoos, conditioners and hair products so it only makes sense to invest in a good quality hair dryer that can make a huge difference in good hair days and bad.
By the way, since I bought this dryer I have not had any "bad hair days".
Oct 31, 2011Maureen / Addis, La.HAIR TYPEBlack / Normal Hair / Curly Hair / Color Treated Hair / Fine or Thin Hair
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Chris "SWAT" Bain's Bachelor Pad Blog: Episode 4
"Who's the ugliest? Who's the smartest? Who's the fattest? I guess that means the answers will be me and Erica!" – Kalon
We start episode 4 off with Chris Harrison throwing a curve ball at the remaining contestants immediately after the last rose ceremony. Harrison lets the contestants know that they still have some work to do before the end of the night. The contestants are handed a packet of questions that they will need to answer for the challenge, the next day. The questions are intimate in nature.
Trivia: The challenge will consist of the guys and girls competing against each other for a safe rose. The winner of each challenge will get to choose someone to go on a 1 on 1 date with. The contestant in dead last will go into the next rose ceremony with one vote already against them. The winner for the girls challenge is Jaclyn. The winner for the guys challenge is Ed.
Back at the pad: Jamie has started crying almost immediately and feels like she has a target on her back. After Stagliano consoles Jamie she is on the prowl again for Bukowski. Bukowski can't resist Jamie this time around and takes her to the boom boom room. Jamie immediately falls in love and sees children, proposal, and a white picket fence. Bukowski is mending a broken heart and sees nothing more than a good time. Has he not already shown this a time or two before?
1 on 1 dates: Ed chooses Jaclyn for the 1 on 1 date. The lovely couple leaves the mansion and heads to Dodger Stadium! UGH! So jealous of this date. I'm a huge baseball fan and this truly would have been awesome!
Ed and Jaclyn seem to really have a great time and begin what may be a romantic relationship. A rose shows up on the date with a card from Harrison. The card states that Jaclyn needs to choose a guy to give a rose to for the second 1 on 1 date. Jaclyn chooses Bukowski. Bukowski opts to go on his 1 on 1 date with Sarah.
Bukowski and Sarah's 1 on 1 date is to create an action adventure scene. Bukowski does what he's done best thus far on Bachelor Pad, seduce every woman he comes in contact with. Bukowski plants the seed with Sarah and makes her putty in his hand. Sarah really believes that she has a chance with Bukowski. Bukowski allows Sarah to feel like she is the one for him. They spend the night at a hotel and lord knows what happened behind closed doors. I'm pretty sure our imagination can answer that question. What's the count now for Bukowski? I think we are up to 3 ladies in the house that have been slayed.
Ed is presented with a "safe rose" by Harrison and is given the option to give the rose to any lady in the house. Ed gives the safe rose to Rachel.
Rose Ceremony: Jaclyn, Rachel and Ed are safe. David and Nick are the two guys on the chopping block tonight and Blakely and Jamie are the two girls. David immediately begins gaming and trying to swing votes his way. David has a lot of work to do. Bukowski is campaigning to get Blakely voted off while Kalon is telling 17 lies to the housemates. Kalon leads Bukowski to believe that he is going to vote off Blakely, however he ends up voting off Jamie.
Bukowski has placed himself in an uncomfortable situation by going against the grain and wanting to keep Jamie around the house. Bukowski's thought process is, the more girls he hooks up with the lesser of a chance they will vote him off. This is a tricky game and as much as you may think that sleeping with every girl in the house is going to benefit you, you have to remember that girls hate players.
In the end David and Jamie are sent packing. Jamie exits the mansion accusing Bukowski of being a dirtbag and feels that he shouldn't treat women the way he has. David leaves with his head up and feels good about the work he did at the mansion. David cries in his exit interview expresses how upset he is to be leaving the mansion. David says this was the best 4 weeks of his life and this is the saddest thing he'll ever have to endure. Hmmm. I guess he doesn't foresee death or heartbreak in his future. I'm pretty confident those will top his exit of the Bachelor Pad.
SWAT's Final Thoughts: The backstabbing and lies have just begun. We are really going to see in the next few episodes what $250,000.00 will make people do. At this point in the game everyone is beginning to feel that they have an honest chance at winning this game. Things are going to get real in the coming weeks. Bukowski is in a bad place next week and really needs to win the challenge to secure another week in the mansion.
I feel like as a fan going into this experience we had our hands tied behind our back and the cards stacked against us. David really fought for his place in the mansion and I commend him for his efforts, they will go down in Bachelor Pad history.


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By Varietal
From 4-H baking projects as a 10-year-old, to the 2000 Pillsbury Bake-Off in San Francisco, my culinary contest career has given birth to hundreds of recipes.
This is my sandwich version of Waldorf Salad. For those wanting a burger alternative, here's a healthy, refreshing change.
A tasty alternative burger loaded with flavors of the big island!
This recipe is an excellent idea starter; vary herb depending on season and taste. Then, use a different liquid for the soy sauce, depending on the herb used.
Six years ago I made a lifestyle change to a more healthy diet. After losing 110 pounds, I feel the change has been successful.
I love chicken curry and island cuisine. The problem I have is living in the middle of rural central Florida. I don't get a lot of opportunities to go out for good curry.
The Bull Frog Flats Chicken Burger is a hearty sandwich with a sassy southwest flavor. It is served on a lightly toasted kaiser roll topped with a salsa ranch slaw.
Refreshing, sweet and spicy, the perfect summer picnic food!
Crunchy and creamy textures are melded with sweet and spicy flavors for a combination that will tantilize -- and satisfy -- your palate.
I grew up with a Mama that prepared good, simple meals. She used to serve a salad that contained apples, lettuce, American cheese, and mayonnaise. I absolutely loved it!
Tropical Chicken Burgers with a Chipotle Mango Glaze A delicious twist on the standard burger!
Hello, my name is Billy. I'm 27 years old.
Just a hint of goat cheese with your burger. The salad is almost a salsa. All those good flavors in one. Nothing too powerful to kill the other.
Here is a refreshing way to give the palate that "sweet heat" taste in a burger style meal. The fiery zing, the sweet bun and fruit add such interest to each bite.
Tired of the same old bottled barbecue sauces flavored with liquid smoke, I recently
This Waldorf-Inspired burger puts a new twist on a classic favorite.
This tasty burger is inspired by a crisp and flavorful French autumn salad I still crave from my time as an exchange student in high school.
Burgers with a touch of sweetness


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- Filed Under
HASCO sets citizenship drive
HACSO Community Center, as part of the New York State Office for New Americans Opportunity Center's program, will host a citizenship drive Saturday from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. to help individuals eligible to apply for U.S. citizenship complete their N-400 naturalization forms. The drive will be conducted under the supervision of the Empire Justice Center in partnership with the Rockland County Immigration Coalition, VCS Inc., Hudson River HealthCare and other local organizations. The event is part of a series of drives the organization has scheduled. The drive will be held at the HASCO offices, 24 West St., Spring Valley. Services are free but appointments must be scheduled in order to attend. There is an application fee of $680 to USCIS but applicants may be eligible to request a waiver. To make an appointment or learn more, call 845-352-5897 prior to the event. Once the appointment is confirmed, a checklist with the necessary documents will be sent to all attendees.
Volunteers sought for injury study
Helen Hayes Hospital Center in West Haverstraw is seeking volunteers with spinal cord injury to participate in a spinal reflex training study. Participants are asked to stand or walk while measurements are made. Surface electrodes are placed on the skin over arm or leg muscles for monitoring muscle activity and over a nerve to produce reflex responses in the muscles. Nerve stimulation may cause a brief mild sensation. Participation will take less than 90 minutes per session. Volunteers will be paid and efforts will be made to accommodate participants' schedules. For additional information on the study, or to be screened for participation, please contact Laura Tenteromano, at 845-786-4854 or via e-mail: tenteromanol@helenhayes


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"Heat Dome" Hits the U.S., Prompts Record Air-Conditioning Upgrades
From Margaret Everton on July 20, 2011 in Air Conditioning & Heating
If you've been following the news (or stepped outside lately), you're well aware that a heat dome is "pressure cooking" much of the country.
From the Southwest to the Northeast, a large "dome" of moisture and intense heat has sent temperatures into the mid-90s and low-100s.
And for many areas not equipped to handle it, the heat is dangerous.
"In places where the highest temperature you ever expect is in the 80s and you're at 102, there are big health concerns," because fewer homes have air conditioning or cooling units, said Eli Jacks, meteorologist for the National Weather Service. "Heat is the number-one killer out of all weather hazards."
As a result, homeowners have flocked to air conditioning suppliers in droves. Our own contractors report a record 46% increase in requests for air conditioning upgrades this past week alone.
If you need pricing on an air conditioning system in your area, click here.
It stands to reason that many homeowners seek to upgrade their air conditioning systems now, but we caution against settling for the cheapest, quickest purchase you can find.
Energy-efficient models are far better solutions, both in terms of environmental benefits and savings on monthly energy bills in the long term.
The last thing consumers want, say experts, is to be stuck with an air conditioning unit that runs poorly, cools one or two rooms at best, and sends utility bills through the roof.
High-efficiency central air conditioners, split-unit systems, or packaged air conditioning systems are often your best bet for cooling one or more rooms effectively.
As for brands, we recommend comparing products by Trane or Lennox.
And always request estimates from at least three contractors before making a decision. The middle-range bid is usually the most affordable and appropriate one for your needs.
While the heat dome is expected to subside in the north central states for the duration of the week, the rest of the country won't see much relief. Triple-digits should remain through Saturday.
Health officials advise everyone to stay indoors, avoid working outside if possible, and be aware of the common signs of heat-related illnesses.