text:
Linked and Sex-Linked Genes
Linked Genes:
The dihybrid cross we previously did assumed the genes were on different pairs of chromosomes. Now, we want to look at an example where the genes involved are on the same chromosome. One such example is the flower color and pollen shape experiment done by Bateson and Punnett. In the plants that they studied, the genes for pollen shape and flower color are located on the same chromosome (pair) as each other, thus are inherited together.
Linked Genes If the parents are PPLL × ppll, the first parent will only make gametes with PL and the second with pl, which doesnt seem too different so far. From these parents, the F1 generation would all be PpLl. However, when calculating what the F2 generation will be, since the genes are located on the same pair of chromosomes, then theoretically, the only possible gametes are PL and pl (not Pl or pL). So
The phenotype ratio for this cross is 3:1, not 9:3:3:1 as would be expected for a normal dihybrid cross. Because these genes are on the same chromosome pair, they are called linked genes. Interestingly, Bateson and Punnetts results showed just a few, unexpected ppL- and P-ll offspring, more than would be predicted by linked genes, but far less than would be predicted by unlinked genes in a regular dihybrid cross. This is due to the fact that occasionally, during synapsis in meiosis I, while the homologous chromosomes are paired up, sister chromatids from the homologous chromosomes exchange equal segments. This is called crossing over. In the flower example, a few of the plants could exhibit crossing over during meiosis I, producing a few pL and Pl gametes, which would account for the small number of ppL- and P-ll offspring. T. H. Morgan and his grad students, who studied fruitflies, found that the farther apart two genes are on a chromosome, the more likely there is to be crossing over between those two genes. They found that for any given two genes on the same chromosome as each other, the amount of crossing over that occurs is a fairly constant quantity that can be measured. From their crossing over data, Morgan et al. were able to arrange fruit fly genes in the order in which they occur on the fruit fly chromosomes. Interestingly, if two genes are very far apart on the same chromosome pair, there is so much crossing over that the results obtained look like a regular dihybrid cross between unlinked genes.
Linked Genes and Crossing Over in Fruit Flies
Normal fruit flies
have grayish-yellow bodies, red eyes, and wings that are long-enough to be
able to fly. As Morgan and his students were breeding fruit flies, they
found mutant flies with black bodies, some with stumpy, vestigial wings,
and some with a brighter, orangish-red eye color that they called cinnabar,
and by breeding flies, they were able to determine that all three of these
mutations were recessive and were on the autosomes.
Fruit fly researchers use a different type of symbolism to represent their genetic crosses. Those researchers use a plus sign (+) to indicate anything that is the wild type and a letter or two to represent a mutant allele (capital for dominant, lower case for recessive). Thus a fruit fly with a homozygous grayish-yellow body would be labeled as ++ while a black-bodied fly would be bb and a heterozygous fly would be +b. The symbol for vestigial wings is vg and the symbol for cinnabar eyes is cn.
Through breeding, Morgan and his students were able to obtain flies that had both a black body and vestigial wings (bbvgvg). They bred some of those flies with wild type flies to obtain flies that were heterozygous for both traits (+b+vg). Then they did a testcross by crossing the +b+vg heterozygous flies with bbvgvg flies, and counted a total of 2300 offspring.
If the genes were on different chromosomes, the Punnett square for this cross would look like this:
|(206 + 185)
|× 100 = 17%
Sex-Linked Genes:
There is yet another, unrelated, special case that means something totally different, yet has a similar-sounding name (just to confuse freshman biology students?). This is sex-linked genes, genes located on one of the sex chromosomes (X or Y) but not the other. Since, typically the X chromosome is longer, it bears a lot of genes not found on the Y chromosome, thus most sex-linked genes are X-linked genes. One example of a sex-linked gene is fruit fly eye color (one of the main genes for that there are several genes involved). An X chromosome carrying a normal, dominant, red-eyed allele would be symbolized by a plain X, while the recessive, mutant, white-eyed allele would be symbolized by X' or Xw. A fly with genotype XX' would normally be a female with red eyes, yet would be a carrier for the white-eyed allele. Because a male typically only has one X chromosome, he would normally be either XY and have normal, red eyes, or X'Y and have white eyes. The only way a female with two X chromosomes could have white eyes is if she would get an X' allele from both parents making her X'X' genotype. The cross between a female carrier and a red-eyed male would look like this:
Notice that while there is a typical ratio of ¾ red-eyed to ¼ white-eyed, all of the white-eyed flies are males.
Typically, X-linked traits show up more in males than females because typical XY males only have one X chromosome, so if they get the allele on their X chromosome, they show the trait. If a typical XX female is a carrier, 50% of her sons will get that X chromosome and show the trait. In order for an XX female to exhibit one of these X-linked traits, most of which are recessive mutations, she would have to have two copies of the allele (X'X'), which would mean that her mother would have to be a carrier and her father have the trait so she could get one allele from each of them.
In humans, two well-known X-linked traits are hemophilia and red-green colorblindness. Hemophilia is the failure (lack of genetic code) to produce certain substance needed for proper blood-clotting, so a hemophiliacs blood doesnt clot, and (s)he could bleed to death from an injury that a normal person might not even notice. One of the most famous genetic cases involving hemophilia goes back to Queen Victoria. While both of her parents were perfectly normal, it is usually assumed that a chance mutation in either the egg or sperm that came together to make her, caused her to be a carrier for the hemophilia allele (XX') [see the box, below, for an alternative hypothesis that some people have suggested]. When she grew up, she married Prince Albert, who was normal XY, so the Punnett square for their marriage would look like the one just drawn. The Punnett square would predict that ½ of their sons (¼ of their children) would be hemophiliacs and ½ of their daughters (¼ of their children) would be carriers. Their children married other royalty, and spread the gene throughout the royal families of Europe.
Royal Pedigree
Genetics Plays a Role in History
Queen Victorias
daughter, Alice, married a German prince, Louis, and converted to Lutheranism.
Their daughter, Queen Victorias granddaughter, Alexandra was, thus, a German
princess, grew up in Germany, and was raised in the Lutheran church.
Alexandra, married Tsar Nicholas, the last tsar of Russia, and they had four
daughters: Olga, Tatiana, Marie, and Anastasia. Many people in Russia
didnt like Tsarina Alexandra because she was German, not Russian, and
Lutheran, not Russian Orthodox. Her mannerisms, speech, and dress were not
what many people in Russia thought of as appropriate for the Tsars wife.
Also, in Russia at that time, only a male could be tsar, so unless Alexandra
and Nicholas had a son, the leadership would pass to another of Nicholas
relatives when he died. Finally, however, they had a son who they named
Alexei. Unfortunately, however, they soon discovered that he had inherited
the hemophilia allele from Alexandra, from Alice, and from Queen Victoria.
Realizing that chances were very slim that Alexei would survive to adulthood,
Tsar Nicholas and his family became very withdrawn to try to keep that a
secret (Alexandra was not very outgoing, anyway, which the people didnt
like). However, at that time, there was much social unrest in Russia, and
the general public mistook the royal familys withdrawl for aloofness and as
a sign that they didnt care about the poor living conditions of their people.
Thus, Alexeis hemophilia was probably a major contributing factor in the
Russian revolution. On several occasions, Alexei had severe internal
bleeding, and a rather disreputable man named Rasputin was somehow able to
stop the bleeding. Because of his inexplicable ability to help Alexei,
Rasputin became part of the inner circle and close confidant of the royal
family, which also angered many people who did not trust him.
Thus, when the Russian Revolution began, Rasputin was among the first to be executed. Eventually, Tsar Nicholas and his family were put under house arrest in Siberia. On 18 June 1918, Anastasia, the youngest of the daughters, turned 17 while the family was still under house arrest, and about a month later, just after midnight on 16 July, the royal family and several of their servants were all ordered down into the basement of the house, and the soldiers who had been guarding them shot and killed them all. Then, their remains were taken out of town, burned in a bonfire, then buried, together, in an unmarked grave. For years, no one knew where that grave was until, when Communist rule ended, records became available. In 1991, what was thought to, perhaps, be that grave was found, the bones were carefully removed, and as much as possible, the skeletons were reconstructed. Through the use of modern DNA technology, DNA samples from the bones were compared to DNA from the Tsars brothers body (buried in a crypt in a church in St. Petersburg) and to DNA from someone in the English royal family. On that basis, one adult male skeleton was identified as the Tsar, several young adult female skeletons were identified as several of the daughters, and the DNA of several of the other skeletons didnt match, showing that they were unrelated, family servants. The skeletons of Alexei and one of the four daughters were not with the rest, and are still unaccounted for (Ive subsequently read that another grave was found nearby,and it is thought that probably contains their bones). After the bones were studied and identified, a few years ago, the remains of the last Tsar of Russia and his family were given a proper funeral and burial.
In 1919, a young woman jumped off a bridge in Berlin, Germany and was rescued and hospitalized. While in the hospital, on one occasion she showed a magazine article with a photo of the Russian royal family to a nurse, pointing out to the nurse how much she thought she looked like Anastasia. After that, she claimed to be Anastasia and claimed to have escaped and survived. She later moved to the U. S. and went by the name of Anna Anderson. The rest of her life, she stuck to her story that she was Anastasia, but people were dubious and tried everything they could think of (including things like comparing pictures of ear lobes) to figure out whether she was Anastasia, or not. When she died and was cremated in 1984, no one still knew if she was really Anastasia or not. At some point before her death, she had had surgery, and the hospital had kept the removed tissue preserved in formaldehyde. Again in the 1990s, with the advent of modern DNA technology, scientists were also able to test DNA samples from her preserved tissue and compare those to the other DNA samples, with the result that there were no similarities she was not related.
Another possible use for DNA technology has been suggested. The big question in all of this is, From where did Victoria get the hemophilia allele? Neither her mother, Victoria, nor her father, King Edward showed any signs of having that allele. The standard explanation which, for many years, has been offered to freshman biology students is that there was a chance, random mutation in that allele on one of Queen Victorias X chromosomes. More recently, however, I have heard suggestions (from people that werent around back then, and so dont really know the story) that, at that time, if the royal couple was having trouble conceiving a child, it would not have been out of the question to quietly, unobtrusively loan the Queen out. Certain people have raised the suggestion that maybe King Edward is not Victorias biological father. It has been suggested that perhaps there was not a chance mutation in one of Queen Victorias X chromosomes, but that, perhaps, that was inherited from another man. Since the bodies of deceased members of the royal family are in crypts in Westminster Abbey, it would be fairly easy to lift the lids on a couple of crypts to get DNA samples for comparison, but needless to say, the British royal family probably isnt very enthused about that idea.
Again, colorblindness and hemophilia, while rare overall, are more common in XY males, because they only have one X chromosome. For an XX woman to be colorblind, for example, her mother would have to be a carrier for the trait and her father would have to be colorblind. If by some chance, considering the overall rareness of the allele, two such people met and married, 50% of their daughters would be colorblind.
Female Buccal Cells: Barr bodies are small black dots
noticeable in cells/nuclei at 9:00 and 2:30 We have previously mentioned that its very important to have exactly two copies of each chromosome (one from the mother and one from the father), and more or less chromosomes would be an abnormal number that can cause problems. How is it, then, that we can get by with females being XX and having two copies of all of the genes on the X chromosome, while males, being XY, only have one copy of most of those genes because there are no corresponding places on the Y chromosome? Dr. Barr noticed a dark spot in the nucleus of each cell in the body of female mammals. Mary Lyon figured out what this was and what was going on here. In a female mammal, during embryonic development, one X at random is turned off in each of her cells and condenses to form the dark spot. Mary Lyon called these inactivated X-chromosomes Barr bodies in honor of Dr. Barr. She also figured out that as those embryonic cells divide, all daughter cells of each of those cells will have the same X turned off.
This is illustrated by calico cats. Coat color in cats is an X-linked gene, with alleles for black and orange-brown, so XBXB and XBY cats will have a black coat, while XOXO and XOY will have an orange-brown coat. Another possible combination for female cats would be XBXO. Both of the color alleles would be expressed, so the cat would end up being partially brown and partially black.
Origin of Calico Coat As mentioned, during embryonic development, one X, at random, turns off in each cell in a females body. For a cat who is XBXB or XOXO, since both Xs are the same, this wont be noticed, but if a female is XBXO, in some of her cells the XB will be turned off while in others, the XO will be turned off. As these cells multiply by mitosis, this will lead to patches of skin where black hair will be produced, while other patches will produce orange-brown fur. She will end up with the patchy coat color typical of calico or tortoiseshell cats. There is a similar, X-linked gene in human females for the presence of sweat glands in the skin. A woman who is heterozygous for this gene will have patchy skin containing some areas with and some without sweat glands. This discussion will hopefully lead you to think of several what-if questions:
But, . . . What Is Sex, Anyway?
Weve been referring, here, to an organism with XX chromosomes as female and with XY chromosomes as male, but technically, thats not really right. Sex is not a genotype, and its not right to assume that the mere presence of XX or XY determines an organisms sex. Rather, sex is a phenotype that is dependent upon how a number of genes/alleles are expressed and interact with each other. In humans, there is a gene on the Y chromosome that codes for the presence and development of testes, and if those testes are formed, then, under guidance from other genes, they will begin to produce testosterone and other hormones that, in turn, are able to stimulate development of male genitalia. (Beard quality, by the way, is a totally separate, autosomal trait with its own genes/alleles, and its expression/phenotype is influenced by a variety of factors.) However, for development of male genitalia to happen, another gene, which is located on the X chromosome and which codes for the presence and functioning of testosterone receptors, must also do so. Interestingly, in human embryonic development, development of female genitalia is the default condition, so if there is no Y chromosome, there are no instructions to form testes and the baby develops as a girl, but even if there are testes and testosterone, and theres also an alternate allele that codes for faulty or missing testosterone receptors, the baby still developes as a girl. Thus, the mere condition of being, chromosomally, XY, does not automatically mean that person is male! Again, sex is a phenotype, not a genotype. As described below, while it is not a very common thing, it is entirely possible that someone could have an X and a Y chromosome, yet because of the ways in which her alleles/genes are expressed, be phenotypically, female. In the past, before people knew about and were able to test for X and Y chromosomes, such a woman might have been labeled as barren or infertile a bad-enough label, but now that we know about X and Y chromosomes and can test for their presence, some people, including some doctors and researchers, forgetting that sex is a phenotype, not a genotype, much less a karyotype, incorrectly and callously try to label these women as chromosomally male a term which is sheer nonsense.
The opposite condition is also possible. A colleague told me of a case in which a couple who were having problems conceiving a baby went to a fertility specialist, and it was discovered that the very masculine, fully-bearded husband wasnt producing sperm because he happened to be XX. Also, sex determination works differently in different species of animals. In humans and other mammals, due to the presence of Barr bodies, the expression of the genes/alleles on the Y chromosome normally results in a male phenotype, and thus people who are XXY (Klinefelters syndrome) are normally male. In comparison, in fruit flies, genes for some sexual traits are located on the autosomes and the ratio of the number of X and Y chromosomes determines the sex of the fly, so while an XY fly is normally male, an XXY fly typically is female. In grasshoppers, there is no Y chromosome, so a grasshopper with one X chromosome (symbolized as XO) is normally male, while a grasshopper with two X chromosomes (XX) is normally female. In birds and butterflies, sex determination works the opposite of mammals, so rather than confusing things by using X and Y to represent their sex chromosomes, typically the letters Z and W are used. Thus a male bird or butterfly typically has ZZ sex chromosomes, while a female typically has ZW. In bees and ants, there are no sex chromosomes, and diploid individuals typically show the female phenotype, while haploid individuals typically show the male phenotype. Thus while the mode of sex determination varies among different groups of animals (and plants), it is still true for all of them that sex is a phenotype, and that maleness or femaleness depends on the outcome of how that organisms genes/alleles are expressed.
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) A Sex-Linked Gene that Helps to Determine Sex
Our genes, our genetic make-up,
is/are not independent of the rest of our bodies, but rather, are closely
integrated in and with all of our body processes. Androgen Insensitivity
Syndrome (AIS) may be used to illustrate how a persons genetic make-up,
hormones, biochemistry, embryonic development, and phenotype are all closely
tied together and integrated, and may serve as a good example of how our
sex is also a phenotype that is under genetic control.
Hormones are chemical messengers which are made in specific organs in our bodies, called endocrine glands. These hormones travel, via the blood, to other areas of the body where they exert chemical control over some process that is occurring in that location. For example, the hormone insulin is made by the pancreas and travels to the liver, where it tells the liver to take sugar out of the blood and store it up by making glycogen. For many of our hormones, reception of their message is dependent upon proper functioning of other chemicals in the cells of the target organs. For example, in type II diabetes, the persons body is making adequate insulin, but the insulin receptors in his/her liver are not functioning properly, so the liver never gets the message to store up sugar, and the persons blood sugar level goes too high. (As an analogy, its similar to a situation in which someone might be trying to call you on your cell phone, which you remembered to turned off before going to class, so the receptor is not working so you dont get the call.)
Androgens, including testosterone, are hormones which all of us, both men and women, make in our bodies. In both men and women, testosterone is responsible for the coarse pubic and axillary (armpit) hair which starts to grow at puberty. Since the testes are the primary organs which produce testosterone, people with testes typically have a higher level of testosterone in their bodies than people without testes, and that is responsible for development of most of the traits that we consider male. As in the above example, the testosterone produced by the testes is secreted into the blood and travels to many other areas of the persons body to exert its effects, and also as above, testosterone (androgen) receptors are required in those target locations. By the way, all of us, both men and women, also make at least some estrogen, and for all of us, both men and women, how we look our phenotype is typically influenced by the effects of both the testosterone and estrogen in our bodies.
Testosterone exerts its effect in a somewhat indirect fashion. When testosterone reaches a target organ or target tissue, it must be absorbed into the cells of that tissue. Inside those cells is a kind of protein, coded for by the persons DNA, called an androgen receptor which, as its name implies, receives the testosterone and binds on to it. As the testosterone binds onto the androgen receptor protein, it causes a change in that proteins native conformation which converts the inactive receptor into an active DNA-binding state, thereby enabling the protein to chemically interact with that cells DNA. Thus, once testosterone has attached to the androgen receptor, that pair goes into the nucleus of the cell and interacts with the persons DNA, thereby controlling transcription of other genes. Many of those genes control male traits such as embryonic development of male external genitalia.
All human embryos, whether XX or XY, develop identically for the first 6 weeks of life, all have undifferentiated external genitalia, and all have rudimentary primordial gonadal tissue that can, potentially, form either male or female organs. If the embryo baby has a Y chromosome, that Y chromosome contains a gene which codes for the formation of testes from the primordial gonadal tissue at about 6 weeks. Testes, by the way, form in approximately the same location in the abdomen as ovaries do, with the difference that while ovaries stay put, normally, testes later move down lower in the abdomen and eventually, out the bottom of the abdomen and into the scrotum (thus, we say they descend). Formation of the testes is not dependent on androgens such as testosterone, but rather, once testes have begun to form, they start to secrete androgens, including testosterone, as well as another hormone called anti-Müllerian hormone. The anti-Müllerian hormone has an inhibitory effect which causes regression of the primordial female system, thus inhibiting the development of Fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina. The androgens, including testosterone, have a stimulatory effect on development of the male system, which causes development of the epididymis, vasa deferentia, and seminal vesicles during about the 9th through 13th weeks. In the absence of the effects of these hormones, development of the male system does not occur and instead, by default, the female external genitalia (labia, vagina) develop.
However, in order for embryonic development of the male organs to take place, the androgen receptor protein has to be functioning properly. As just mentioned, in type II (adult onset) diabetes, the persons body is making enough insulin, but the insulin receptors in that persons liver cannot properly receive the insulin. Similarly, the androgen receptors must be functioning properly to receive testosterone. Since the androgen receptor molecules are a kind of protein, that means theyre under the control of the gene that codes for them, and any mutation of that gene totally missing androgen receptor gene, missing chunk of gene, frameshift mutation, etc. can cause the protein to be absent or have an abnormal native conformation that is incapable of binding on to testosterone. Thus, even though lots of testosterone is present, the androgen receptor cant bind on to it, and therefore is unable to control transcription of other genes. This would make that persons organs/tissues appear to be totally resistant or insensitive to the effects of testosterone, hence the name Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome.
Now, consider the effect that would have on the embryonic development of an XY individual. Since the Y chromosome is present, that person has the gene to make testes, so the testes begin to develop and start to secrete testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone. Since the anti-Müllerian hormone is functioning and received properly, development of the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and the top end of the vagina will be inhibited. However, despite lots of testosterone, the rest of the body never gets the message, so the epididymis, vasa deferentia, and seminal vesicles will not develop. Also, without the effects of testosterone, external male genitalia (scrotum, penis) will not form, but rather by default, as is normally the case in the absence of the influence of testosterone, the external genitalia will be totally female, including the labia and most of the vagina. Thus, even though this person is chromosomally XY and has testes, she is phenotypically female. Actually, since a girl/woman with AIS is totally resistant to the effects of testosterone, its kind-of like shes more female than a typical XX female whose phenotype is influenced by the testosterone in her body. Usually her testes do not descend, but remain in her abdomen, and thus, as with any undescended testes, they are more likely to develop testicular cancer. When this baby is born, to her doctors, nurses, and parents she looks like any other normal little girl, but her undescended testes may be discovered later if they are in such a position as to give the appearance of a hernia.
What about later in life? In some girls with AIS, their undescended testes are never apparent, and the condition is discovered when they fail to begin menstruating despite normal body development at puberty. Even XY men produce some estrogen in their bodies. In the bodies of women with AIS, some of the testosterone they produce is converted to estrogen, and that, coupled with the estrogen being produced by their bodies is enough that their estrogen levels are about the same as an XX woman in the follicular phase of her monthly cycle, and women with AIS go through normal development at puberty (breast development, widening of the hips, etc.). Actually, since the effects of estrogen are unopposed by testosterone in their bodies, breast development is often more significant than XX women whose development is also influenced by testosterone. Since testosterone plays a role in teenage acne, women with AIS typically have very clear, acne-free complexions. Since the testes do produce some estrogen, and since some of the testosterone they produce is converted to estrogen, their presence in her body can aid in development at puberty, but due to the increased risk of testicular cancer in undescended testes, physicians often encourage their removal soon thereafter. Since she doesnt have a uterus or ovaries, a woman with AIS will not menstruate and will not be able to become pregnant, thus may want to consider adopting children. Since, as mentioned above, growth of axillary and pubic hair is controlled by testosterone, women with AIS will usually not have that type of coarse hair, which can be very upsetting to a teen being ridiculed by her classmates during gym class showers. Depending on the shortness of the womans vagina, once she is sexually active, that may help to stretch it, but in some cases, a doctor might advise surgery to lengthen it.
While a girl who has AIS has enough estrogen in her body to stimulate normal (or greater than normal) breast development, size-wise, she lacks the hormones needed to stimulate development of the actual mammary gland tissue. If, however, she is given supplemental hormones during puberty, mammary gland tissue will properly develop, and as an adult, she will be as capable as any other adoptive mother of nursing a baby.
The genetics of AIS is an intriguing part of this story. As mentioned above, AIS may be attributed to a mutation in the gene that codes for the androgen receptor protein. Thus, AIS is, essentially, an allele that influences the sex of the individual, but interestingly, AIS is also an X-linked, recessive allele. In other words, testosterone sensitivity is coded for by a gene on the X chromosome (and the recessive allele codes for a non-functioning receptor). If we let XA represent the allele that codes for functional androgen receptor and Xa represent the allele that codes for non-functional androgen receptor, then a person who is XAXA would be a female who is normally receptive to testosterone. Someone who is XAXa would be a carrier female, and because this is an X- linked gene, her body would be a mosaic of tissue types some of her cells would be sensitive to testosterone while others would be resistant, depending on which X chromosome was active and which had become a Barr body. Some women who are heterozygous have delayed menarche (onset of menstruation) or may have reduced or asymmetrical development of pubic or axillary hair. Someone who is XAY would be a male who is normally receptive to testosterone. However, unlike other sex-linked alleles, because AIS affects the sex of the person, someone who is XaY would be a female with AIS. If a carrier woman and a man get married, the Punnett square for their children would look like:
Borror, Donald J. 1960. Dictionary of Root Words and Combining Forms. Mayfield Publ. Co.
Brewster, Hugh. 1996. Anastasias Album. Madison Press Books, Toronto, Ontario
Campbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchell, Jane B. Reece. 1999. Biology, 5th Ed. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co., Inc. Menlo Park, CA. (plus earlier editions)
Campbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchell, Jane B. Reece. 1999. Biology: Concepts and Connections, 3rd Ed. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co., Inc. Menlo Park, CA. (plus earlier editions)
Marchuk, William N. 1992. A Life Science Lexicon. Wm. C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque, IA.
Quigley, Charmian A., Alessandra De Bellis, Keith B. Marschke, Mostafa K. El-Awady, Elizabeth M. Wilson, and Frank S. French. 1995. Androgen receptor defects: historical, clinical, and molecular perspectives. Endocrine Reviews. 16(3): 271-321.Copyright © 1996 by J. Stein Carter. All rights reserved.


text:
November 28, 2015
NEW YORK (AP) - The Kevin Hart, Ice Cube police comedy "Ride Along" cruised to the top of the box office again, taking in $21.2 million in its second weekend.
On the football-free weekend, no new challenger emerged at the multiplexes. The week's lone new wide release, the monster thriller "I, Frankenstein," flopped. It opened with just $8.3 million according to studio estimates Sunday.
"Ride Along" was followed by the Navy SEAL drama "Lone Survivor." It earned $12.6 million in its fifth week, giving it a cumulative total of $93.6 million.
In third was the animated squirrel comedy "The Nut Job," which made $12.3 million in its second week.
(Copyright 2014 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Project is current:
People participating:
Joren, Fs111, Koen, Sandb, Bert, Koenraad
Short description of the project:
Ring the number, get recognised, enter the premises.
Free text:
The lease of the space gives us three remotes to open the gate. We're coming up to 20 members now. So we decided to take one remote, mount it in reach of the gate and hook it up to a computer with a huawei modem.
The idea is: you call the number of the modem, it checks the caller id against a text file, and if it's in there it switches the remote. Best of all: 'just letting it ring one time' doesn't cost money and opens the door.
It's democratic because all our members have a cellphone, not all have a smartphone.
=Next plans=
* Make a webinterface (Integrate with [[spacecontrol]])
* do something with pgp keys and smartphone.
=System architecture=
All hardware will be divided in three cases:
* A computer running the [[Gatekeeper]] software (currently the Audio server) and connected to a Huawei modem and a Launchpad in a Terminal server case.
* An old ATX PSU and a junction board containing a TI Launchpad board.
* A plastic IP65 junction box to be placed in front of the gate.
* A cat5 UTP cable will connect the front junction box with the one in the space.
The current circuit is a PNP transistor that, when base goes high (+5V), connects the Terminal PSU to a relais in the junction box that turns on the remotes (as if its buttons were pushed). Since we migrated from the beagle board to the Launchpad only the right half, From the 1K resistor on, of the diagram is used.
==Lantronix case (obsolete)==
===Power supply===
The original Lantronix PSU can be reused.
It gives the following outputs on a 6-pin molex:
{| class="wikitable"
! Pin Number
! Color
! Voltage
|- style="color: red"
| 1
|align="right" | +12
|- style="color: blue"
| 2 & 3
|align="right" | +5
|- style="color: black"
| 4 & 5
|align="right" | Ground
|- style="color: #777700"
| 6
|align="right" | -5
===TI Launchpad===
Pinout on the Launchpad towards the gate opener:
* Pin 1.7: white: 5V on/off (when high, remote gets "pushed")
* Pin GND: black: ground (required to make sure we have a stable ground shared between the usb-computer connection and the terminal server PSU)
The two print boards, from RIGHT to LEFT: power connected to the inverter - now modified to act as passthrough (this pic is old), connected to the relais steering, connected to the ethernet cable (unclear).
====Invert steering (passthrough)====
The stripboard contains the following:
* 5-pin power input connector:
** blue (5v) (from psu)
** red (12v) (from psu),
** black (ground) (from psu, Launchpad),
** white (0v or 5v when relay needs to be closed) (from Launchpad) and
** orange (not connected).
Not used:
* 2x 10k ohm in series
* a PNP transistor (bc557b)
* Power output pins towards the next stripboard for steerin the relais:
** blue (5v)
** red (12v)
** white (0v or 5v when relay needs to be closed) and
** black (ground)
====Steering relay====
The stripboard contains the following:
* 4-pin power input lines
** blue (5v)
** red (12v)
** white (0v or 5v when relay needs to be closed) and
** black (ground)
* a 1.1K ohm resistor
* an NPN transistor (bc547b)
* Power output pins towards the remote
** pair ground and 0/5V: for steering the relais (brown pair)
*** 5v
*** ground
** pair ground and 12V continuous: for powering the remote (blue pair)
*** 12v
*** ground
===RJ45 output connector to the IP65 case===
* left first RJ45 connector on terminal server acts as output connector
* Connected to the stripboard
* the pins on the connector have all been soldered, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIA/EIA-568-B T568B] style.
On the RJ45 connector is present:
* one pair carrying power to the remote (+12 Volt continuous plus ground)
** we are using the blue pair for this
* one pair carrying the signal to the relais (+5 Volt if on, plus ground)
** we are using the brown pair for this
** the +5V comes from the PSU, but the beagle bord does the switching through pin 9 on 1.8v
== Local junction box ==
===Power supply===
An old ATX PSU was used. One of the 4 pin connector was replaced with a 3 pin version to server our purpose.
{| class="wikitable"
! Pin Number
! Color
! Voltage
|- style="color: black"
| 1
|align="right" | Ground
|- style="color: #777700"
| 2
|align="right" | +12V DC
|- style="color: red"
| 3
|align="right" | +5V DC
=== Build in control leds LED===
The current version has three control leds build right in the power distribution/Launchpad box. When the system is on both leds on the right should be lit. If this is not the case the system will definitely not work. In this case the first thing you should check if the PSU is properly connected. When an authorized phone call is being received the red led on the left will blink.
[[File:ControlLeds.jpg|thumb|575px|none|border|Control LEDs]]
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
! location
! color
! function
! status
| Right bottom
| Blue
| 12V line is active
| Always on
| Right top
| Green
| 5V line is active
| Always on
| Left bottom
| Red
| The signal to open the gate is being send
| On intermittently when an authorized phone call is being received
Sections [[#TI Launchpad|TI Launchpad]] and [[#Steering relay|Steering relay]] mentioned above still apply.
==Door opener tester==
===Old version===
Simply a RJ45 male plug with a led attached to the brown pair. To be inserted into the connection of the remote. Allows developing software and hardware and testing the door without actually making the door go open. When the led is on, the remote is pressed.
[[File:Dooropener-tester.jpg|thumb|500px|none|border|Dooropener tester]]
===New version===
Similar to the previous version this can be used for software testing. In addition to the first version is will also show if both supply voltages are OK. Bottom right clear red led indicates if 5V DC is OK, the bottom left clear led is for the 12V DC, The top regular red led is only lit when the signal is being send. (A income call is received.)
[[File:Dooropener-tester2.jpg|thumb|575px|none|border|Dooropener tester 2]]
==IP65 Junction box==
The stripboard contains the following:
* Two RJ45 connectors
* RJ45 connector on the bottom (IN) to receive power & signal
* Relais
* Remote
* Double line male pins, with female connector connected to in ethernet cable
** currently only the first row is used
** first brown pair and then blue pair is connected
{| class="wikitable"
! Pin
! Usage
| 1
| 5v relay steeriong (brown)
| 2
| ground
| 3
| 12v remote power (blue)
| 4
| ground
* Single line pin header with following connections:
{| class="wikitable"
! Pin
! Usage
| 1 & 2
| First button
| 3 & 4
| Second button
| 5
| +12V continuous power
| 6
| Ground
| 7+
| Unused
For the gatekeeper python script, see [[Gatekeeper]]
Software running on the launchpad, providing 2400bps connection over usb, send ''u'' to open gate for +/- 1 sec, ''d'' to force close the gate.
==Host computer (obsolete)==
* Currently ''audio'' is used as the controlling computer. This computer is booted automatically every evening (bios setting) and shuts down in the morning (cron job). ('''do not turn this server off!!''')
This is a minor edit
Watch this page


text:
Libby Haan has been running Haan Projects since 2010 after spending 15 years working in fashion PR for the most exclusive brands.
This week the Church of England named the Reverend Libby Lane as its first female bishop.
The question about when viewers would see a resolution to Libby's storyline has dogged Cuse and Lindelof for years.
LePage owed his election in 2010 to a split opposition, as he won a tight three-way race over Cutler and Democrat Libby Mitchell.
Meanwhile, Libby is fired from her publishing job, even though she has done her work with exceptional diligence and passion.
It was Libby on the other side in another little white bed just like his.
He has but recently returned from the South, where, for a time, he was confined in Libby prison.
If she should, would he be in the condition of the poor, starved skeletons she had seen at Libby and Belle Isle?
We all know what that word means in connection with "Andersonville" and "Libby."
But now Libby looked up, as Will'm snatched back the punch and began clipping holes in the paper as fast as he could clip.


text:
I proposed to my girlfriend on the tee box at the 7th hole at Pebble Beach. It was sunny and warm – a spectacular day to take that long walk from the Pebble Beach clubhouse, down the 18th, 17th, 4th, 5th, and 6th holes. Ocean views the entire way… and she said yes!
It's good to make golf a central part of your relationship.


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›› UTEP football at Camp Alpine: Day 10 live coverage
›› Photos: UTEP football Camp Alpine 08.14.2015
ALPINE >> While the offense won the majority of the plays in Friday's scrimmage, the Miner defense that ranked 118th nationally last year in gaining turnovers scooped up four fumbles.
Three were in a four-series stretch of red zone work and that had them excited.
"I liked the way the defense responded," coach Sean Kugler said. "They started off slowly, but they forced three turnovers in the red zone. That will flip momentum."
"It's going to be very important to win the turnover battle," said safety Jameel Erving, who had a fumble recovery. "That's an easy way to have a sudden change situation. We've got to get a lot of turnovers to win a lot of games.
"We still have a lot to work on as a defense, but we're giving a lot of effort and being physical. ... Coaches are really stressing (turnovers)."
"Making big plays, getting turnovers," safety Dashone Smith said. "We were all making big plays, offense and defense, it's better when it's not just one side making all the plays."
The biggest was made by some players who will either be scout teamers or third teamers. Ryan Metz threw a flat pass to tailback Noah Siegrest, who was ambushed by Robert Spencer for the biggest hit of the entire fall. The ball popped out, was scooped up by Dewan Edmonson and returned 75 yards for a touchdown. In a game, the play would have been reviewed to see if Siegrest had possession before losing the ball.
Another TB
True freshman tailback David Hamm has been drawing praise all camp and Friday he made a convincing argument to burn his redshirt.
On his first series, with Metz at quarterback, he carried eight times for 52 yards and a 6-yard touchdown. He did fumble a pitch later, but ended up with a team-leading 12 rushes for 53 yards.
"I give a lot of thanks to the offensive line, they were blocking really well," Hamm said. The touchdown "was an accomplishment, we worked so hard to get down the field. Scoring is an accomplishment for everyone."
Though he said he wasn't that pleased with his play, he did think he made a case to get playing time this year at the team's deepest position.
"I just wanted to show everybody I can play," Hamm said. "I came out here not to redshirt, really."
By the numbers
All four quarterbacks were productive at the scrimmage, though Showers was only in for one series. He was 2-of-5 for 49 yards, Mack Leftwich was 6-of-7 for 50 yards and a touchdown, Garrett Simpson was 5-of-11 for 41 yards and a touchdown and Metz was 3-of-5 for 17 yards.
Ian Hamilton had two catches for 55 yards and a touchdown, the other receiving touchdown was from Jarrad Shaw, who had two catches for 32 yards. Nathan Jeffery had a 1-yard touchdown run but the only running back besides Hamm to have significant yardage was Autrey Golden, who had 28 of his 29 yards on one carry. The team rushed 32 times for 135 yards.
Erving, LaQuintus Dowell, Silas Firstley and Edmonson had fumble recoveries after fumbles by Leftwich, Jeremiah Laufasa, Hamm and Siegrest.
Kickoff luncheon
The UTEP Touchdown Club will have its UTEP Football Kickoff Luncheon at 11:30 a.m. Thursday at the Camino Real Hotel.
Individual tickets are $30 each, and tables of 10 (including one player) are $350. To purchase tickets or for more information call Michelle Kaip at 474-0555 or Marilyn Munden at 433-9227.


text:
Resolution: standard / high
Figure 2.
SIM images during the FIB process. (a) Detection of the nanowire location, (b) removal of the side parts of the template, (c) side view tilted at 60º to expose the nanowire surface, and (d) top view of the processed area after FIB processing. Inset of (d) shows optical microscope image of the processed area.
Murata et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2012 7:505 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-7-505


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Benefits of oil pulling with olive oil
Oil Pulling with olive oil is one of the best things you can do for your health today. It is proven to give tasty and quality results when it comes to improving one's health. It has also been used over many years as an effective home remedy to heal many illnesses and prolong life. If you are ready to start using olive oil and seeing benefits for your health, then keep reading to find out how.
Olive oil has been used as a principle product when it comes to cleaning our skin since the Persian years. It is a powerful skin soothing agent that moisturizes our skin to prolong its life and prevent many damages. Olive oil is rich in fatty acids and has powerful natural ingredients that are capable of opening pores and renewing skin cells which are needed to unleash new moisturized skin. In order for it to become more effective, it is essential to heat it up and reach sipping temperature, and then rubbing it on your skin. You can combine olive oil with a vinegar or sugar to make it an overall exfoliating agent as well as a skin softener.


text:
- Filed Under
Why are members of Congress gathering together to get their photo-op on the news so that they can call other members of Congress "racist" and "sexist" because they call U.N. Ambassador Susan Rice "incompetent"?
She is either incompetent, or she is a liar. She told the American people several times that the Benghazi attack on Sept. 11, 2012, was the result of a disgusting video and claimed that the administration has al-Qaida on its heels.
The truth is that Ambassador Christopher Stevens was killed, and three other men who tried to protect the ambassador and themselves were killed by al-Qaida ...


text:
997 St. Sebastian WayAugusta, GA 30912706-721-6597
1446 Harper StreetAugusta, GA 30912706-721-5437 (KIDS)
1003 Chafee Ave.Augusta, GA 30912 706-721-2426
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1411 Laney Walker Blvd.Augusta, GA 30912706-721-6744
1430 John Wesley Gilbert DriveAugusta, GA 30912706-721-2696
821 St. Sebastian WayAugusta, GA 30912706-721-2971
1220 West Wheeler PkwyAugusta, GA 30909
6135 Roosevelt Highway Warm Springs, GA 31830
2011 Westend DriveGreensboro, GA 30642
Is your digestive system so temperamental you're afraid to travel? Or do frequent bloating, cramps and unpredictable bowel movements force you to stay close to a restroom at all times? "If so, you may have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common intestinal disorder that causes cramps, diarrhea, gas, bloating and constipation," said Dr. Satish Rao, Director of the Georgia Regents Digestive Health Center.
Although help is available, embarrassment causes many with IBS to suffer in silence rather than seek treatment.
What you can do:
• See a digestive specialist as soon as symptoms appear. A digestive specialist will know what treatments are best for you. And since the signs of IBS may mimic those of a serious disease, it's important to rule out any underlying disorder.
• Write down the foods that seem to bring on symptoms and discuss your findings with your doctor. Once you identify food triggers, scale back your intake. Common culprits are dairy products, caffeine, beans, cabbage, fat and alcohol. Many of the nutrients you need may be in the foods you are avoiding, so be sure to make healthy substitutions.
• Limit spicy foods.
• Eat smaller meals. Large meals can cause cramping and diarrhea, so try eating a few small meals throughout the day.
• Control stress. Because of the brain-bowel connection, high tension levels can trigger IBS symptoms. To unwind, go for a daily walk, talk with a friend, dust off an old hobby or listen to music.
Follow GRHealth's board Your Health on Pinterest.
Hours: Mon-Fri 7:30am-5:30pmMore contact info
Georgia Regents Medical Center 1120 15th Street Augusta, GA 30912-5563
Affiliated with Georgia Regents University


text:
Architecture Blogs Take on The Fountainhead
[image via Strange Harvest]
So now that we've seen The Fountainhead as interpreted by America's favorite cartoon family, The Simpsons, it seemed like it might be a good time for a more…informed take on Ayn Rand's book and the resulting 1949 film. Recently, Fantastic Journal, Strange Harvest, Lebbeus Woods, and Things Magazine have all shared their thoughts on the black-and-white world of Howard Roark and Ellsworth Toohey. Despite their various perspectives, everyone seems to agree that it is one of very few—if not the only—film that is actually about architecture. As Woods puts it "architecture is not merely a background, but is the central issue in the narrative, around which the lives of the characters revolve." Outside of that central agreement, each architect has their own take on the film. Charles Holland's compares Ayn Rand's interpretation of Modernism with that of From Bauhaus to Our House author Thomas Wolfe's interpretations of Modernism to Wood's ruminations on ethics and aesthetics in architecture. Sam Jacob, meanwhile, looks at The Fountainhead's representation of architecture as an emotional landscape and ponders who the modern-day equivalent of Howard Roark might be. Richard Rogers? Daniel Libeskind? Or maybe it should be someone like Cameron Sinclair? Not a starchitect per se, but someone with an incredibly strong, almost righteous perspective on the power of architecture to impact lives. After all, doesn't "Design like you give a damn" sound like something Howard Roark might say?
· Spouting Off: Some Thoughts On The Fountainhead [Strange Harvest]
· The Fountainhaus [Fantastic Journal]
· Ayn Rand and The Fountainhead [Things Magazine]
· The Fountainhead [Lebbeus Woods]
· Mediocrity Rules! The Simpsons & The Fountainhead [Life Without Buildings]
8 Responses to Architecture Blogs Take on The Fountainhead
Jim Barr says:
Hey, come on guys, what about Towering Inferno. That's a film about architecture if there ever was one. In fact Die Hard One comes close too. Great story though and great site.
C. Jeffery Small says:
Obviously, Frank Lloyd Wright was the architect upon which Howard Roark was modeled. The only well known contemporary architect I can think of who could fit the bill today would be Santiago Calatrava. His work embodies a humanism combined with a powerful creativity.
I would have to rank most other "starchitect", especially including Daniel Libeskind, more like the villains of the novel rather than the hero. I see many of these people as sculptors rather than architects since their structures are almost totally about form without reference to the people who inhabit them.
C. Jeffery Small
Lorin says:
Ugh, Fountainhead. I read an interview with Rem Koolhaus about the Seattle Library in which he refuted the Howard Roark model of the hero-architect. And if even Rem thinks its b.s., you know its bad.
Speaking of architecture movies- ever seen Mr Blandings Builds his Dream House with Cary Grant? My boss recommends it to all of our new residential clients.
Skyler K says:
Did you say Libeskind as a contemporary Roark??? Jeez, this is the clown who paid another architectural firm (Alex Gorlin Architects), to design his own home. And then Libeskind tried to cover it up by lying to the New YTork Times and saying that he designed it himself!!! Libeskind has about as much integity or ethics as Adolph Hitler!! Libeskind is no Howard Roark, that much is certain.
Frank says:
I think the late Samuel Mockbee qualifies as an architect-hero with great integrity and a social conscience. Rem Koolhaas is a pretentious academic. As for Daniel Libeskind, he's a great role model for anyone seeking to be a world renowned jackass and idiot.
PB says:
Did you say Libeskind as a contemporary Roark??? Jeez, this is the clown who paid another architectural firm (Alex Gorlin Architects), to design his own home. And then Libeskind tried to cover it up by lying to the New YTork Times and saying that he designed it himself!!! Libeskind has about as much integity or ethics as Adolph Hitler!! Libeskind is no Howard Roark, that much is certain.
Jamin says:
Just want to say I enjoyed this post. My vote for Roark goes to Cameron Sinclair or Sambo Mockbee ……Not….. Libeskind
Flash says:
Billboards Are Almost All Right
Meanwhile, on twitter…
Recent Life Without Buildings Posts
- Fulton Center is built in a transit vernacular that extrapolates the charm of a subway car to the scale and complexity of a Piranesian prison.
- Architecturally Ghostbusting World War II Bunkers
- The Map-maker of Gotham City
- Dr. No, Die Hard, and Deleuze: Mechanical Spaces and Movies
- From Bauhaus to Dollhouse: When Architects Think Small
- Edgar Allan Poe, Design Critic
- From Pits and Pendulums to Pastoral Porches: Edgar Allan Poe's Bronx Getaway
- The Abandoned Cathedral
- Design Decoded: Building Better Bricks by Brewing Beer


text:
Johnson County D.A. Phill Kline wants local hospitals to draw blood for suspects in serious drunk-driving wrecks, even if they resist. Prosecutors will try to get search warrants over the phone, but even if they can't, they want the hospital to get the blood sample, regardless. The blood could be crucial to getting DUI convictions, especially in the worst cases.
Any doctor or nurse who resists could be arrested for obstructing justice, the D.A. says. The hospitals say they want to cooperate, but also point out they have to obey patient privacy laws. Diane Carroll has a really good story about this here.


text:
मुहाव्रे (Muhavre) meaning in English :
Get detailed meaning of Muhavre in English language.This page shows मुहाव्रे meaning in English along with definition,translation and usage.This page provides translation and definition of Muhavre in English language along with grammar, synonyms and antonyms. Answer of question : what is meaning of Muhavre in English dictionary? मुहाव्रे (Muhavre) ka matalab Angrezi me janiye ( मुहाव्रे का अंग्रेजी में मतलब )
Dictionary Type
Mobile & Tablet
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Health Information > Condition Information > Treatment
Reviewed on 1/2011
By Speech-Language Pathologists
Heather L. Hodges (Gustafson) CCC-SLP
Speech Pathologist
View full profile
Julie J. Bergquist, CCC-SLP, MA
Speech Pathologist
Kristina Johnston, MA, CCC-SLP
Speech-Language Pathologist
Once diagnosed with vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) [or paradoxical vocal fold motion (PVFM)], medical and behavioral management of the condition can begin. Medication alone will not help alleviate VCD, so active participation with behavioral techniques described below will help control VCD.
Changes in medications or initiation of medications, under your physician's order, may control:
Speech therapy is the cornerstone treatment for VCD.
Individualized exercises and techniques are taught to help one:
Techniques and exercises can be extremely helpful in eliminating abnormal vocal cord movement and increasing control of vocal cords thus improving airflow into lungs.
The goals of therapy are to teach you techniques to prevent and eliminate VCD, chronic coughing and frequent throat clearing.
Another important part of treatment is supportive counseling. Counseling can help adjust to a new diagnosis and a new treatment program. Counseling can also help identify and deal positively with stress that may be an underlying factor in VCD. Most people with VCD find counseling to be very beneficial.
National Jewish Health offers a variety of programs that can help treat people with known or suspected vocal cord dysfunction (vcd).
Learn more.
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text:
Former MassEquality ED Marc Solomon joins Freedom to Marry
Author: Hannah Clay Wareham
Publication: Bay Windows
Publication Date: March 1st, 2011
Read the story at Bay Windows.
Marc Solomon, former executive director of MassEquality, has joined national LGBT organization Freedom to Marry as National Campaign Director.
"This is a moment of great opportunity for the movement to win the freedom to marry. The Obama Administration has said it will no longer defend marriage discrimination in court, we have a nationwide majority for marriage that we will continue to grow, the freedom to marry is within reach in several states in 2011, and crucial lawsuits add urgency to our work. Now is the time to expand our central campaign strength, with Freedom to Marry's Roadmap to Victory as the pathway forward and personal stories making the case for why marriage matters as our fuel," said Freedom to Marry founder and president Evan Wolfson. "With his deep campaign experience and unparalleled track record in marriage battles around the country, Marc Solomon is the best person bar none to manage the all-hands-on-deck Freedom to Marry national campaign to get the job done."
As Executive Director of MassEquality, Solomon led the campaign to defeat two constitutional amendments in the first freedom to marry state in the nation, beating back attacks by the Catholic Church, President George W. Bush, Gov. Mitt Romney, and the right-wing anti-gay industry. According to a press statement released by Freedom to Marry, following the victory in Massachusetts, Solomon consulted with state-wide equality organizations in Connecticut and Vermont as part of the nationwide effort to end marriage discrimination. Solomon also served as Marriage Director of Equality California following Proposition 8, and led the largest state effort in movement history to make the case for marriage through face-to-face conversations, with a special focus on building support in communities of color, helping grow public support for the freedom to marry in California from 44 percent to 50 percent.
"I am thrilled to join Freedom to Marry and help grow the urgently needed campaign to win marriage nationwide," said Solomon. "Freedom to Marry's vision has always been to move forward on personal, state, and federal fronts, with focus and collaboration, with multiple methodologies and partners in the work, with a relentless focus on victory. Freedom to Marry has a tremendous team and visionary plan, and I am excited to bring what I've learned over the past decade to Freedom to Marry and enlist more people am across the country in this cause and campaign."
Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick spoke out in congratulations to Solomon. "In Massachusetts, we believe that every person ought to be able to marry whomever they love, and thanks to the efforts of people like Marc that is now a reality," said Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick. "I congratulate Marc on his new role, and know that he will continue to be an effective advocate for advancing marriage equality efforts across the nation."
Hannah can be reached at email@example.com.


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Going back to Runic and Steam versions, according to Justinian from Runic staff both 188.8.131.52 and 126.96.36.199 are "version 1.9" Link.
Having the Runic version myself I would like to back Bloodthreat's request of a retail trainer.
[Edited by LordJB, 9/22/2012 12:26:09 AM]EDIT: Well here's the exe anyway, might as well provide it since I can.Link(Zippyshare, as usual with me.)
[Edited by LordJB, 9/22/2012 12:27:47 AM]
And i've a question. When will you relase trainer for new version? Older version crashes game :/


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Filmfest 2014 Dates Scheduled
Mark your Calendars! The Caltrain, Operation Lifesaver & Reel Eyes Filmfest is happening!
Event Details
When: September 26th, 2013 | 3-4 Arrival & Reception | 4-5 Screening with Filmmaker Q & A
Where: Redwood City Cinemark, 825 Middlefield Rd, Redwood City, CA 94063
Cost: FREE!!!
This event is sponsored by: Caltrain & Operation Lifesaver
Facebook Community Grant funds new Fresh Takes program GEM!
Due to the enormously influential role of the media in girls' lives, The Fresh Takes, Girls to Women program GEM operates from the belief that it is critical for young women to develop the skills to evaluate the media they are exposed to and then to empower them to produce their own media.
GEM lasts 12 weeks and includes one weekly workshop and two Saturday intensives. The workshops take place on site at Girls to Woman in East Palo Alto with two field trips to the Fresh Takes Media Center in Redwood City. Through inter-disciplinary experiential learning activities, graphic design, online publication, and video production, workshop participants create powerful PSA (public service announcement) videos and Internet memes that deal with issues of identity, beauty, self esteem, confidence and youth empowerment.
Program Goals
- Media Literacy – Learning to read and de-code media messaging in context to body image and self-esteem.
- Empowering young woman with the confidence and knowledge needed to successfully navigate through the media's skewed representation of beauty and the role woman play in society at large.
- Creating & delivering positive messages through social media outlets that counter act the negative trends such as online 'beauty pageants', 'rating systems & competitions', as well as cyber-bullying.
- Gaining awareness and taking action on topics of diversity, ethnic representation and the lack thereof as well as the perpetuation of racial stereotypes through mass media.
- Teach under-served youth critical 21st century & job applicable skills, the 3 stages of video production, and the foundations of Photoshop.
- Production of two Public Services Announcements
- Creation of individual internet Memes
- Creation of a successful print and video campaign for use on social media
- Teenage girls will learn job applicable skills in camera operation, lighting & audio production, media literacy, digital editing, and encoding media for web-based broadcasting.
Fresh Takes is selected as a TUGG Grant Recipient
In mid-February, Fresh Takes received a promising email from David Brown, the Executive Director at a non-profit based out of Boston, Technology Underwriting Greater Good (TUGG). TUGG specializes in funding socially innovated organizations that use technology to support the entrepreneurship, education and life experiences of young people. They have supported organizations for 5 years now in New England and this is their first year expanding to the Bay Area.
Fresh Takes was recommended to David as a worthy organization to fund. One of the things that really sets TUGG apart from other grantors and funding sources is they get right to the heart of the matter. They do not require an application or any paperwork. In fact the whole process lasted no more than one hour. We exchanged emails and set up a phone interview. David spoke with the Fresh Takes staff for a half hour, researched the organization and then took his findings to the TUGG Grant Committee. Out of 30 organization interviewed by TUGG, Fresh Takes was selected as one of their first Bay Area Grant Recipients!
We are thrilled to join the ranks of TUGG supported organizations and look forward to the Awards Ceremony & Gala in SF on May 23rd. Stay tuned for more info on the event. Special thanks to those who recommended our organization and to TUGG for believing in our vision and the work we do!
Click for more information on TUGG


text:
IOGear adds HDMI, DVI switches and extender kits
updated 01:20 am EDT, Tue August 5, 2008
IOGear DVI, HDMI products
IOGear has introduced several new DVI and HDMI accessories for home theaters and game consoles. New DVI and HDMI MiniExtender Kits allow users to expand their A/V network up to "hundreds of feet." IOGear has also released two HDMI switches including a three-port model that automatically switches to the port currently in use. A new four-port model switches HDMI via a remote control.
The two Cat5e/6 HDMI MiniExtender kits not only allows home users to separate their A/V equipment -- there are many professional uses as well. Digital sign companies can control 1080p display units up to 100 feet away and up to 200 feet for 1080i units. Construction companies can use the extenders to remotely monitor equipment in high-risk locations. The DVI MiniExtender requires no separate power supply, and allows users to place a single 1920 X 1080 display up to 100 feet away from the DVI source. The extender kits send DVI or HDMI signals into a transmitter connected to a remote receiver using two standard solid Category 5 twisted ethernet cables.
WIth the growing number of televisions, gaming consoles, cameras and DVD players using HDMI, the company's new HDMI switches offer users room to grow. The automatic model uses IOGear's patented HDAS technology to sense which items are in use, and switch inputs accordingly. The four-port model uses a traditional remote control or front-panel switch buttons.
The GVE-300 HDMI MiniExtender sells for $280, while the GVE200 DVI model goes for $70. IOGear's 3-port automatic HDMI switch and the four-port remote control version each sell for $90. All of the new products carry a three-year warranty and are available immediately online or at various retailers. close


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Welcome to everyone, whether you are an experienced vegetarian, a
beginner, or
just curious. We invite you to discover the advantages and experience the
pleasures of vegetarian food. While exploring new ways of eating, we encourage
you to proceed at your own pace and enjoy the experience.
Join Vegetarians of Washington today.
Membership includes:
free subscription to the popular
Vegetarian Times
magazine, packed with nutritional advice, interesting articles and lots of
vegetarian and vegan recipes.
A high quality free e-newsletter,
The Vegetarian Page, with
informative articles, upcoming events, local news, recipes and
more. Sign up to receive this e-newsletter.
Our regular blog,
Vegetarian News and Views, keeps you up-to-date with the latest news on all
things vegetarian, including new products, veg celebrities, and books, movies
and websites.
The Monthly Dining Event at the Mount Baker Club
in Seattle, where you can enjoy a gourmet meal from a different restaurant
or chef each month at a special price. Non-members and guests are also
our huge annual Vegetarian Food Festival held in March of each year at the
Seattle Center Exhibition Hall. Your support helps make Vegfest a fun event
for the Pacific Northwest community.
Learn from experts at
our free nutrition and cooking classes, held at a
variety of locations around the Puget Sound.
Learn even more from our
books—the Veg-Feasting Cookbook, the Vegetarian Solution, Say No to Meat, and our new book providing all you ever needed to know about shopping for plant-based foods, In Pursuit of Great Food.
for members at over 80 different local businesses, including restaurants,
healthcare providers, yoga studios, even car rental.
Your membership also
helps to support our education and advocacy in the local community.
Kids are
welcome at our monthly dining events and at Vegfest, where there's a special
kids section, clowns and a nursing area for moms.


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Parking Zones
All Parking zones are subject to be enforced 24 hours a day. Resident & Reserved parking is enforced 24 hours a day. All vehicles parking on Campus must have a permit or a visitor's pass. Student's can park in Faculty/Staff zones between the hours of 5 p.m. to 7 a.m. The Strauss Hall parking lot has the President, Executive VP, VP's of Student/Academic Affairs, Chief Business Officer, and more Reserved parking spaces for Staff. If you park in one these Reserved parking spaces, a ticket will be issued. The hours of restricted parking are from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. for Faculty/Staff and Students to park in their designated zones. The borders around the Parking Permits have a designated color to match the Campus Parking Map.
Curbs and stripes that are painted maroon designate parking zones that are reserved for faculty and staff. Faculty and staff registered vehicles used by student dependents are to be parked only in authorized student parking. Some faculty/ staff parking spaces my be marked with a reserved number. Only persons assigned to these designated numbers are authorized to park in these areas. Reserved spaces are enforced 24 hours a day.
Curbs and stripes that are painted white designate parking for commuter students unless otherwise denoted by a posted sign or placard. These parking areas are located throughout the campus and include gravel lots.
Curbs that are painted gray are designated for west resident students. Resident students may also park in their designated dormitory lots either Zone M (east of Bayou DeSiard) or Zone W (west of Bayou DeSiard). Resident students can also park in the over flow lots on the east side of campus (Fant-Ewing, Malone Stadium).
Curbs that are painted green are designated as limited parking areas (ie. Starbucks Parking). When parking in these limited parking areas, pay attention to the time the vehicle is allowed to remain in the space. Bookstore parking is currently marked with signs only due to them being in a temporary location.
Blue curbs and stripes are for handicap parking and is designated at specific locations on campus. Each space is marked for handicap parking, and each of these spaces are reserved for those persons requiring the use of a wheel chair. Other handicap persons not requiring the use of a wheel chair are encouraged to park in spaces other than those marked handicapped.
Curbs or areas marked in yellow indicate no parking zones. Parking in these areas will result in a citation being issued.
Spaces marked with "Health Sciences Clinic Parking Only" signs are designated for clients visiting the Kitty DeGree Speech and Hearing Center and/or the Dental Hygiene Clinic. Faculty, Staff, Students, and Clinic Workers are not eligible to utilize these spaces while visiting either clinic even if they are a patient. These spaces are reserved for clients who are not affiliated with the University. All other individuals must park in their designated area while visiting the clinic.
All visitors to the ULM campus must report to the university police in order to obtain a temporary parking pass or be subject to being issued a parking citation. Visitors may use any available parking area except those marked as reserved or handicap parking spaces. However, visitors using ULM registered vehicles must use only those parking areas in which the vehicle is authorized to park. Visitors with dependents who are students must turn in any ticket they receive to the University Police Dept. on the day they receive the citation. Otherwise, the student will be charged any citations that are traced to a family vehicle.
Motorcycles may park in any area designated as motorcycle parking without a permit. If a rider wishes to park in a regular student or faculty parking space, he/she must obtain and display a parking permit or be subject to being ticketed.
Parking Locations
- Bike racks are located near almost every building throughout campus.
- It is important to park only in bicycle racks.
- Illegally parked bikes obstruct walkways and present serious hazards for people who use wheelchairs, canes, walkers, or who have other mobility or visual difficulties. Please don't park your bike in the line of travel to stairs, ramps, doorways, and automatic door-buttons.
- Bikes locked to trees can cause serious damage to or even kill a tree. Please help keep the campus beautiful by not locking your bike to trees or shrubs.
- Illegally parked bikes are subject to impoundment. ($50.00 fine for improper parking) Bike racks are not intended as long-term storage areas. Bicycles must be in working order in order to use the bicycle racks.
- Bicycles must be secured to a bicycle rack using a locking mechanism. U-shape locks are among the most theft-resistant, although knowledgeable thieves can break even them.
*The University of Louisiana at Monroe is not responsible for replacing locks, chains, etc. that have to be cut in order to impound a bicycle.
In addition, please note that:
The 20/15 minute limit parking signs for the Bookstore/Starbucks will be enforced
The Warhawk circle near the SUB is a no parking zone
Parking on the grass is prohibited
- Students running errands for faculty/staff may not park in a faculty/staff area
- If an area is not painted, assume it is no parking


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- Filed Under
Companies that sponsor research at Iowa State University and University of Iowa now have the option of securing exclusive licenses to use any breakthroughs developed.
The universities announced Thursday that companies that pay a $15,000 fee when they sponsor research will be guaranteed the right to use any intellectual property developed.
Typically, such licenses have been negotiated after researchers make ...


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why is there a vertical line on my monitor?
This is a new notebookwhich has developed a green vertical line down the center of the monitor. What causes this and how can i get rid ofit?
Re: why is there a vertical line on my monitor?
This issue could be caused due to graphics driver, graphics card or the LCD display.
To resolve the issue, I would suggest you to follow the steps recommended below.
Check the BIOS screen
I would suggest you to access the BIOS screen of your notebook and check if you see the green vertical line or not. If you are getting the green vertical line on the BIOS screen, the notebook needs to be taken in for repair.
If you are not getting the green vertical line on the BIOS screen, I would suggest you to follow the below mentioned troubleshooting steps.
In order to access the BIOS screen, keep pressing the F10 key when the notebook starts turning on. It will take you to BIOS screen.
- 1. Power Drain
- 2. Uninstall graphics driver
- 3. Graphics driver update
- 4. BIOS update
- 1. Power Drain
- Disconnect all the peripherals from the notebook.
- Disconnect the A.C adapter and also remove the battery.
- Press the power button for 20 seconds.
- Reconnect the battery and the A.C adapter.
- Restart the notebook and check whether it is getting charged or not.
- 2. Uninstall graphics driver
- Click on Start
- Click on Search
- Type device manager in search field and hit Enter
- The device manager window will open up.
- Click on (+) sign of Display adapters
- Right click on video driver
- Click on Uninstall
After uninstalling the graphics driver, plesae visit the HP Software and Driver download page and install the graphics driver and BIOS of your notebook.
The mentioned steps will help us in determing the cause of the issue and to resolve the issue as well.
If the steps help you, please reply.


text: Unless you're a homeless person or an old guy with a bagged lunch, park benches are pretty unappealing. The Solar Inside concept, by Boston-based Owen Song, makes these respites a point of interest by fitting them with solar panels and Wi-Fi. At night, the bench uses its spare juice to light up. The electronics are tucked into the bench frame itself and covered with solar panel. The whole thing is wrapped with a party-transparent cover to give that eco-friendly look. For more green points, the bench is constructed of aluminum and recycled plastic. I'm wondering where the Internet signal itself will come from, but for now, just enjoy the concept of basking in the sun and the Web together. [Coroflot via Wired]


text:
|View single post by Texas Defender
|Posted: Fri Apr 20th, 2007 08:29 am
Texas Defender
| Zacariah Cantey Deas first commanded the 22nd Alabama. He spent a huge sum of his own money, something like $28,000., to equip the regiment with Enfield rifles. He was reimbursed with Confederate war bonds. It would seem that his investment did not pay off in the end.
However, it seems that he prospered after the war in spite of his loss. He moved to New York City where he was a cotton broker and became a member of the New York Stock Exchange.
Zachariah C. Deas (1819 - 1882) - Find A Grave Memorial


text:
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text:
November 29, 2015
The body of an Opp woman missing for more than two years was found Wednesday night by authorities led to the remains by a man suspected in her disappearance.
The body of Susie Lucille Phillips was recovered near the Tri States Gun Club in Daleville. She was 37 years old when last seen alive in Opp in February of 2003.
She was seen on the camera of an Opp police officer's patrol car after her car was intentionally rear-ended by a man identified as Marcellous Evans of Daleville. Evans had denied any involvement in Phillips' disappearance.
But last week he pleaded guilty in Covington County to domestic violence and criminal mischief charges.
Dale County District Attorney Kirke Adams says Evans also agreed to plead guilty to a manslaughter charge in return for leading authorities to the woman's body.
It was found about 6 p.m. Wednesday night.
Adams says Evans claims he hit Phillips in the head but didn't mean to kill her.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
Viewers with disabilities can get assistance accessing this station's FCC Public Inspection File by contacting the station with the information listed below. Questions or concerns relating to the accessibility of the FCC's online public file system should be directed to the FCC at 888-225-5322, 888-835-5322 (TTY), or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Omega 3 Supplement May Not Be Heart Healthy as Thought Video
If you take Omega 3 supplements for their heart-healthy benefits, here's a study you won't want to miss.
Read the full transcript
Browse Most Popular Videos
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text:
Islamabad, Sept 22 (ANI): Pakistani umpire Asad Rauf has reportedly claimed his innocence despite being named in the controversial Indian Premier League (IPL) spot-fixing scandal.
Rauf, who has been charge-sheeted in the spot-fixing case, was named 'wanted accused' along with 15 bookies from Pakistan.
According to the Daily Times, however Rauf claimed that he is innocent of all charges and called for proof of the allegations against him, saying that discussion and information are two different things.
Although Rauf did not say whether he knew Indian actor Vindoo Dara Singh, who has also been implicated in the scandal, he said that he has numerous friends, which does not mean that he is involved in everything that they do.
Stating that he would explain his stand to ICC's Anti-Corruption Unit, Rauf further said that he would answer through his legal advisor whenever the ICC calls him for an explanation, adding that he has officiated in five IPLs before without any sniff of a scandal. (ANI)


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Inquest: Motorbike tragedy of dad Adrian Dowell
Posted: December 19, 2012|
ADORING father Adrian Dowell died in a tragic motorbike accident, an inquest into his death heard yesterday.
The 38-year-old experienced rider from Brockworth, was a dad to four young children. He died on February 29 as he was on his way to work at Hourglass Seal double glazing.
He was just minutes from his home, in Brookfield Road, when he overtook a car, in Hurricane Way, on his powerful Kawasaki 750 motorbike.
The hearing heard witnesses saw his bike accelerate before it braked heavily and skidded into the side of a car turning into a car park. He was pronounced dead at the scene.
His wife Lucy told the hearing Adrian normally waited for herself and the children – three daughters and a son – to wave goodbye when he went to work for his evening shift. But on the day of his death, he left a little early and did not do so, simply shouting "goodbye". "He was a very careful rider," she said. "He knew every pothole and manhole cover in that road because he used it every day."
Their children had been badly affected by his death, she said, and the impact on her life was beyond words.
Accident investigation specialist PC Simon Edwards told the hearing at Gloucestershire Coroner's Court that Mr Dowell's speed had been calculated at 91 miles an hour just before the accident, using CCTV camera footage.
The accuracy of this calculation was questioned by representatives for Mrs Dowell, but the inquest heard that, whatever the exact speed, he had been riding at well over the speed limit.
And he said that if the speed had been 40 or 50 miles an hour, there would have been time for Mr Dowell to avoid the accident.
PC Edwards said he believed that the motorbike had not been visible when the driver of the Ford Focus involved, John Ashworth, started his turn into the car park of the Wincanton Logistics company.
Gloucestershire Deputy Coroner David Dooley recorded verdict of accidental death.
Mr Dowell, who was described as a gentle giant who was also a practical joker in tributes after his death, also left behind his mum and dad, four sisters and a brother.


text: DraftExpressProfile: Nicolas Batum, Stats, Comparisons, and Outlook Loading NBA Mock Drafts 2016 NBA Mock Draft 2017 NBA Mock Draft Complete Draft History My Mock Draft 2015 Early Entry List 2015 Extended NBA Mock Draft Rankings Top 100 Prospects NCAA Seniors NCAA Juniors NCAA Sophomores NCAA Freshmen International 1994 International 1995 International 1996 International 1997 NBA Draft Eligible Features DX T-Shirts Complete Draft History Measurements History NBA Player Salaries NBA Contract Calculator Player Agents Listings NBA Agent/Agency Affiliations RSCI Early Entry List Team Clubhouses Draft Pick Transactions DraftExpress Podcast NBA Draft Lottery History Videos Scouting Reports Group Interviews Highlights Interview & Highlights Interviews NBA Draft Workouts Newest Popular Practice Footage Slow Motion Dunks Stats NCAA Stats NBA Stats Euroleague Stats EuroCup Stats Spanish ACB Stats Italian A1 Stats French Pro A Stats Adriatic Stats Greek Stats D-league Stats Team Stats Stats by Team Articles Archives NCAA Draft Prospects International Draft Prospects High School NCAA Commentary International Commentary General Draft Commentary NBA Pre-Draft Camp D-League NBA NBA Summer Leagues NBA Team Needs Interviews Humor Mailbag Site Announcements Sections DX T-Shirts DX Home NCAA Home International Home NBA Home High School Home D-League Home Columnists Jonathan Givony Matt Kamalsky Mike Schmitz Kyle Nelson Derek Bodner Josh Riddell Jim Hlavac E Weiss Jacob Eisenberg DraftExpress User Menu Edit Profile Log In Log Out DraftExpress DX T-Shirts About Us Contact Us Opportunities Privacy Policy Our RSS Feeds Nicolas BatumSTRENGTHS:- Mid-range game- Off-ball movement- Transition play- Perimeter defense- Basketball IQ- Experience- Potential- Role-player potential- Unselfishness- Work ethic- Court vision- Ability to finish around basket- Excellent wingspan- Freakish athleticism- Size for position- Undersized- Ability to create separation from defenderWEAKNESSES:- Ball-handling skills- Aggressiveness- Avoids contact- Confidence- Not always assertive- Not ready to contribute immediately- Poor rebounder- Inconsistent shooterRecent TweetsAll TweetsDraftExpress: Livio Jean-Charles "Nicolas Batum told me hoped I wouldn't make my last two free throws so I wouldn't beat his scoring record."2013-04-20 21:53:16DraftExpress: RT @JayBilas: Only his 7-1 wingspan allows Nicolas Batum to execute an effective groin punch from this distance, angle: http://t.co/OXlx ...2012-08-09 12:16:00DraftExpress: #adidasEuroCamp Question and answer session with Danilo Gallinari and Nicolas Batum http://t.co/DNBNkSD22012-06-12 05:50:10Top 25s - Full List RankCategoryTotal 25FGA/Pos1.03 12PER20.7 11PER20.7 16TS%62 21TS%62 24eFG%58 14EFF18.2 15EFF/4022 18WS/4010.5 19WS/4010.5 Team: Hornets PhysicalsPositions SalaryMisc H: 6' 8" W: 214 lbs Bday: 12/14/1988 (26 Years Old) Current: SF NBA: SG/SF Possible: SF Agent: Bouna NdiayeCurrent Salary:$11,765,500 High School: Hometown: Lisieux, France Drafted: Pick 25 in 2008 by Rockets Best Case: Rudy Gay Worst Case: Thabo Sefolosha Predraft Measurements YearSourceHeight w/o ShoesHeight w/shoesWeightWingspanStanding ReachBody FatNo Step VertMax Vert 2007Hoop SummitNA6' 7.75"2147' 0.75"8' 8.75"NANANABasic Per Game Statistics - Comprehensive Stats - Statistical Top 25s YearLeagueNameGPMinPtsFGFGAFG%2Pt2PtA2P%3Pt3PtA3P%FTMFTAFT%OffDefTOTAstsStlsBlksTOsPFs 2015/16NBANicolas Batum1722.214.171.1242.618.104.22.168220.127.116.110.23.64.188.188.8.131.52.184.108.40.206.6 Player Page  | Player Stats | Related Tweets | Mock Draft History | Related Articles  | Add to My Draft Express  Workout Schedule: HereSpotlight ArticlesEuroleague Preview: NBA Draft Prospects (The U-18 European Championship Prospects: The WingsRelated Articles:2015 adidas Eurocamp Rosters and Official DX Preview The Past, Present and Future of the SF Position and the 2014 NBA Draft 2014 adidas EuroCamp Preview and Roster Breakdown The Gradual Erosion of the NBA Pre-Draft Process 2013 adidas EuroCamp Preview and Roster Breakdown 2013 Nike Hoop Summit Game Recap NBA Draft Prospect of the Week: Giannis Adetokunbo 2012 adidas EUROCAMP Preview 2012 adidas EUROCAMP Rosters Announced 2011 adidas EuroCamp Preview 2010 adidas EuroCamp in Treviso: Rosters and Preview Finding a Niche for Kevin Seraphin Podcast with adidas Eurocamp Director and NBA Scout Pete Philo Nike Hoop Summit Practices, Day Three Serbian Scouting Trip, Part One: First Round Prospects NBA Team Needs: Northwest Division Word on the Street, April 20 Nike Hoop Summit Day One (International Practices) Nike Hoop Summit International Rosters Announced Blogging Through the NCAA Tournament (Day Four) The NBA's Stimulus Package: The Rookie Draft Class of 2008 Blogging Through Europe 2008 (Part Two: France) European Roundup: Tepic the Man for Partizan NBA Scouting Reports, Northwest Division (Part Three) U-20 European Championship: Three-peat for Serbia Las Vegas Summer League Day Four 2008 NBA Draft Report Card 2008 International Draft Overview Blogging (live) through the NBA Draft Word on the Street: Draft Day Rumblings (3:20 PM EST) Word on the Street: Denver trades #20 pick to Charlotte Word on the Street: Rounding Up Word on the Street: The Home Stretch NBA Team Needs: Northwest Division Early-Entry Withdrawal Deadline: Final List Just By The Numbers: Evaluating This Year's Small Foward Crop Word on the Street: Golden State Workout, Walker Injury NBA Team Needs: Atlantic Division Video Interviews with Nicolas Batum, Bob Hurley, Rob Meurs 2008 Reebok Eurocamp in Treviso, Days Three and Four 2008 Reebok Eurocamp in Treviso, Day Two 2008 Reebok Eurocamp in Treviso, Day One European Update: Targeting the Draft Cross-Country Workout Swing, Part Two: Priority Sports LA Reebok Eurocamp in Treviso Confirmed Participants 2008 NBA Draft Prospects Agent Listings Blogging through the Euroleague Final Four (Part One) 2008 Official NBA Draft Early Entry List Big Board of Top 115 NBA Draft Prospects, by Position, w/Analysis 2008 Nike Hoop Summit Official Measurements, plus 2007 Analysis International Early-Entry Rumor Mill, Rule Clarification Roundup: All-Around Velickovic 2008 NBA Draft Early Entry List Roundup: Introducing Nemanja Gordic Roundup: Scoring Machine Dragicevic Roundup: The Rubio Show Marches On Roundup: Career-High for Victor Claver What's on tap? The 2008 Spring Scouting Calendar Roundup: Cup Hangover Roundup: Exploding De Colo Top Draft-Eligible Performers in the Euroleague Regular Season Roundup: Rollercoaster-Ride Batum On the Upside Roundup: Small Big-Engine Pellin Blogging Through Europe (Part 7: France) Blogging Through Europe (Part Six: France) Roundup: Gallinari, a Euroleague Standout Blogging through Europe (Part Four: Italy) Roundup: Unstoppable Pekovic Roundup: Pekovic, Euroleague Week One MVP Roundup: Happy Birthday Ricky Eurobasket Madrid--2007 European Championship Preview Is the NBA Full? Getting To Know: Andrew Ogilvy U-19 World Championship Review: Forwards U-19 World Championship Review: Guards U-19 World Championship: Its Serbia! U-19 World Championship: Early Rounds 2007 RBK Eurocamp: Day One Douai Tournament, Gearing Up for Summer Competitions Roundup: Claver Flying Over the ACB Playoffs 2007 RBK Treviso Eurocamp Projected Participants Roundup: Rising Star Rudy Word on the Street: Ante Tomic Staying in the Draft. Nike Hoop Summit Official Measurements Nike Hoop Summit World Team Player Recap (Part Two) Nike Hoop Summit World Team Player Recap (Part One) Batum '99% Sure' in Draft, Koponen Shines Nike Hoop Summit Practices-- World Team (Day 4) Nike Hoop Summit Practices-- World Team (Day 3) Nike Hoop Summit Practices-- World Team (Day 2) Nike Hoop Summit Practices-- World Team (day one) 2007 NBA Draft Early Entry List (Updated April 29th) Batum, Ajinca Selected For Nike Hoop Summit in Memphis Euroleague Prospects: Stock Neutral Roundup: Nicolas Batum, Finally Batum And Bokolo Impressive in French Opener The Top-10 International Moments of 2006 Interview: Nicolas Batum U18 European Championships: Final Report U18 European Championships: Quarterfinals Heat U18 European Championships: Preliminary Thoughts, Preliminary Round 2006 Albert Schweitzer Tournament: Top Prospects The European Junior (U-18) Championships: The Small Forwards The European Junior Championship: Serbia and Montenegro Prevails Misc. LinksFrench League Profile+Stats © 2015 DraftExpress LLC All rights reserved.


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Join the Leadership Society
Ensure a vibrant and enduring future for Phoenix-based public radio
KJZZ Leadership Society Members of the Month - click here
About the Leadership Society
Join the KJZZ Leadership Society, a distinguished group of leaders who invest over $1,000 annually to support public radio.
Your support will assist the station in fulfilling its mission to provide trusted - free - non-commercial news, information, cultural and entertainment programming over the air and on the web. KJZZ relies on member support for the largest share of its budget. Your assistance is important. Your contributions will directly fund the unique public radio programming that listeners in our community depend on every day for engaging, balanced news programming and great jazz music. It also creates the opportunity for young listeners to become informed citizens and to appreciate jazz.
We look forward to hearing from you.
Leadership Society Benefits
1. Enjoy exclusive member-only events. Receive invitations to private events, live broadcasts, and intimate receptions to meet our talented local reporters, hosts, and national personalities.
2. Behind-the-scenes tour. Members are invited to a personal tour of our studios with unrestricted station access!
3. Direct access to station staff. Members special phone line: 480-774-8257.
4. Free tickets to local entertainment. Receive opportunities reserved for Leadership Society Members.
5. Connect with like-minded individuals . A group of leaders who value public radio and make significant contributions.
Join the Leadership Society today!
Call KJZZ's Philanthropic Gifts Office
Quote by Michele Norris, NPR
"Public Radio is essential and unparalleled. It's the companion in the front seat of your car who makes you laugh, who makes you cry, who tickles your imagination, who stokes your curiosity. It's the voice in the shower or the sound at the edge of the bed that not only draws you out of bed, but into the world. It is the knowledge that springs from your lips at the dinner table, at the dinner party, at the diner, at the water cooler, [it's radio that] directs you to see an old issue in a new way."
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text:
Gender & ICTs
Bytes for All, Pakistan
Bytes for All (B4A), Pakistan is a human rights organization and a research think tank with a focus on Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). It experiments with and organizes debate on the relevance of ICTs for sustainable development and strengthening human rights movements in the country. Its strategic plan delivers in following key result areas (KRA), which include:
1. Securing digital rights and freedom of expression for civil liberties;
2. Strengthening digital security of human rights defenders & media professionals;
3. Ending technology-driven gender-based violence;
4. Network building at national, regional and global level;
- Topic areas of expertise:
- Access to information,
- Freedom of expression,
- Gender & ICTs,
- Human rights & ICTs,
- ICT policy,
- Internet governance,
- Security & privacy
273, Street 17, F- 10/2,
Society for Promotion of Alternative Computing and Employment (SPACE)
- Where Free and Open Source Software is a way of life
SPACE is an organisation formed and nurtured by a team of professionals and social activists from across Kerala who share the dream of freedom of knowledge. Freedom of knowledge is interrelated to freedoms in other spheres of activities and is fundamental to human development.
The objective of SPACE is to promote the use of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) in academics, governance, for corporate and individual use, and for employment generation. SPACE has been instrumental in several important free software based development interventions like ICT in education, community radio, ICT for disabled etc. It has played a significant role in the formulation of the ICT policy of Government of Kerala. SPACE is currently in the process of expanding its activities throughout India.
Levergaining on diverse background of its team, SPACE concieves and implements innovative programs for social and economic development, with help of Information and Communication Technology.
SPACE collaborates with and brings together institutions and people from government, non-government, corporate, academic backgrounds for greater outreach and impact.
- Topic areas of expertise:
- Accessibility,
- Free software,
- Gender & ICTs,
- ICT for development,
- Open access,
- Strategic use of the internet,
- Training & ICTs
SPACE C-11, Elankom Gardens Vellayambalam Thiruvananthapuram 10 Kerala Ph: 0471 2318997 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Award: Antonio Dimalanta died at the age of 95. In this December 2008 photo, Dimalanta, right, is presented with a certificate of recognition for his dedication to the organization. Presenting the award is the then-FCG President Rene Quintans.
- Filed Under
The architect of the Dulce Nombre de Maria Cathedral-Basilica has died.
Antonio Dimalanta died June 7 at the age of 95.
Dimalanta is described by leaders of the Catholic and Filipino community as man rooted in faith and culture. ...