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macerate - to disintegrate tissues by means of cutting, soaking or enzymatic action to obtain a cell dissociation
macro - a text file containing a sequence of commands that can be executed as one command.
Macroalgae are important habitat on temperate and northern reefs.
macroalgae - algae that project more than one centimeter above the substratum
macrobenthos (macrofauna or macroflora) - benthic organisms (animals or plants) whose shortest dimension is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm
macroevolution - evolution on the grand scale resulting in the origin of higher taxa
macrogamete - the larger of the two gamete types in a heterogametic organism. It is considered as the the female gamete
macromolecule - a large polymer, such as DNA, RNA, protein, lipid or polysaccharide, made up of thousands of atoms
macronutrient - a nutrient, such as a nitrate or phosphate, that is required by plants in relatively large quantities in order to undergo photosynthesis and growth
macrophage - an amoeboid cell capable of moving through tissues, engulfing and destroying dead cells or bacteria. Certain white blood cells are the most aggressive macrophages
macrosmatic - pertains to animals with a well developed olfactory (smell) sense
macula - a dark spot, blemish; the small, highly sensitive area (of the human eye) which is located in the center of the retina. It is responsible for near and fine detail vision
Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) - a major perturbation of tropical convection which moves and completes a global circuit every 30 to 60 days. It is a dominant cause of intraseasonal variability in tropical equatorial regions
The white spot in the middle of the central disc of the starfish is the madreporite, the opening into the echinoderm+s water vascular system.
madreporite - a perforated platelike structure in most echinoderms that forms the intake for their water vascular systems
maerl - a collective term for two or three species of calcareous algae in the family Corallinaceae. Ground or granulated products from these algae are used as a fertilizer; fine-grained carbonate-rich mud
magenta - reddish purple color
magma - molten rock that forms naturally within the Earth. Magma may be either a liquid or a fluid mixture of liquid, crystals, and dissolved gases
magmatic hotspot - in geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earth's surface that has had volcanism for a long period of time. Geologists have identified some 40-50 such hotspots
magnetic north - the direction a compass needle points when there are no local interfering influences
maillist (mailing list) - a system that allows people to send e-mail to one address, whereupon their message is copied and sent to all of the other subscribers to the maillist. In this way, people who have many different kinds of e-mail access can participate in discussions together
maitotoxin - a neurotoxic compound which is produced by certain marine dinoglagellates and associated with the digestive tract of herbivorous fishes. It is responsible for a form of seafood poisoning in humans eating tropical coral reef fishes
makatea - a fossil coral reef
A Pacific octopus (Mollusca) photographed during the NOAA Submarine Ring of Fire expedition, 2002. (Photo: NOAA Ocean Explorer)
malacology - the scientific study of mollusks
Malacostraca - a class of arthropods in the subphylum Crustacea. The more than 20,000 described species of Malacostraca can be divided into two groups, the Phyllocarida, and the Eumalacostraca. Phyllocarida contains the oldest crustacean known and includes only one living group.The Eumalacostraca consists of all Malacostracan groups other than the Phyllocarida. Eumalacostracans generally possess a well-developed carapace and a long, muscular abdomen. It is the group that contains most of the animals the general public recognize as crustaceans, such as shrimp, crabs, lobsters
maladaptation - an action implemented to reduce vulnerability to climate and/or ocean change that impacts adversely on or increases the vulnerability of other systems, sectors, or social groups
malar - pertaining to the cheek region of vertebrates
Dolphins are among the most recognizable marine mammals; this one floats serenely in the Caribbean Sea. (Photo: Copyright Corel Corporation)
Mammalia - a class of warm blooded animals (mammals) whose common characteristics include the presence of hair, milk-secreting glands, a muscular diaphragm between the abdominal and pleural and mediastinal cavities, a lower jaw composed of a single pair of bones, a middle ear containing three bones, and the presence of only a left systemic arch
mammalian dive reflex - the physiological responses, including bradycardia and shutdown of the peripheral circulation, which occurs during dives by an air-breathing vertebrate
mammalogy - the scientific study of mammals
mandible - pertains to mouth parts; the lower jaw
mangal - relating to a shoreline ecosystem dominated by mangrove trees, with associated mud flats
Mangrove nursery area, Puerto Rico.
mangrove - a general name for several species of halophyte belonging to different families of plants (including trees, shrubs, a palm tree and a ground fern) occurring in intertidal zones of tropical and subtropical sheltered coastlines and exceeding one half meter in height. The term is applied to both the individual and the ecosystem, the latter of which is termed mangal. Mangroves provide protected nursery areas for juvenile reef fishes, crustaceans, and mollusks. They also provide a feeding ground for a multitude of marine species. Many organisms find shelter either in the roots or branches of mangroves. Mangrove branches are nesting areas for several species of coastal birds. The root systems harbor organisms that trap and cycle nutrients, organic materials and other important chemicals. Mangroves also contribute to higher water quality by stabilizing bottom sediments, filtering water and protecting shorelines from erosion. They protect reefs from land runoff sedimentation. Conversely, coral reefs protect mangroves and seagrasses from erosion during heavy storms and strong wave action.
The nations with the largest mangrove areas include Indonesia (with 21% of global mangroves), Brazil (9%), Australia (7%), Mexico (5%), and Nigeria (5%).The global area of mangroves – 150 000 square kilometers – is equivalent to the area of the state of Illinois, or half the area of the Philippines. About one fifth of all mangroves are thought to have been lost since 1980, and although loss rates are declining, they are still 3 to 4 times higher than average global forest loss estimates
manta tow technique - a technique used to provide a general description of large areas of reef and to gauge broad changes in abundance and distribution of organisms on coral reefs. The technique, widely used in Australia, involves towing a snorkel diver (observer) at a constant speed behind a boat. The observer holds on to a 'manta board' attached to a small boat by a 17-meter length of rope. This person makes a visual assessment of specific variables during each manta tow (2 minutes duration), and records these data when the boat stops, on a data sheet attached to the manta board. The manta tow technique is used to provide a general description of large areas of reef and to gauge broad changes in abundance and distribution of organisms on coral reefs. The advantage of manta tow over other survey techniques is that it enables large areas of reefs to be surveyed quickly and with minimal equipment
A cowrie, Cypraea sp., with partially extended mantle.
mantle - a membranous or muscular structure in mollusks that surrounds the visceral mass and secretes a shell if one is present
mantle (geology) - the middle layer of the Earth, lying just below the crust and consisting of relatively dense rocks. The mantle is divided into the upper mantle and the lower mantle; the lower mantle has greater density than the upper mantle
mantle cavity - the space between the mantle and the rest of the body parts of a mollusk, which contains several important respiratory and reproductive organs
The mouth of a jellyfish is at the end of the manubrium, which extends to engulf prey. (Photo: NOAA/Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuaries)
manubrium - the proboscis of a jellyfish: a tubular structure that connects the mouth to the digestive cavity
marae - in the Marquesas, a Polynesian sacred enclosure or a place of worship . In Hawaii, it is called a "heiau"
mareogram - a graphic representation of the rise and fall of the sea level, with time as abscissa and height as ordinate, usually used to measured tides; may also show tsunamis; also called 'marigram'
margin - a boundary, edge or border of a structure or surface
Marianas Archipelago Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program (MARAMP) - a multi-agency effort that began in 2003 with the first cruise to the Mariana Archipelago. The objective of MARAMP is to rapidly evaluate and map the shallow water reef habitats in the Mariana Archipelago. Scientists on board the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research vessel Oscar Elton Sette use a variety of techniques to study the oceanography and coral, fish, algae, and benthic habitats around most of the islands and offshore banks of the archipelago
Shrimp farms and their waste runoff have resulted in the destruction of coastal habitats and added to pollution in criticalestuarine waters.
mariculture - the cultivation of marine organisms under controlled conditions; a synonym for marine aquaculture
Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) - an international, not-for-profit organization that brings marine aquarium animal collectors, exporters, importers and retailers together with aquarium keepers, public aquariums, conservation organizations, and government agencies. Its mission is to conserve coral reefs and other marine ecosystems by creating standards and certification for those engaged in the collection and care of ornamental marine life from reef to aquarium
Marine debris, such as this plasic bag, can kill coral. (Photo: NOAA)
marine debris - debris composed primarily of plastics, nets, lines, other fishing gear, glass, rubber, metal, wood and cloth. Sources of debris are people on beaches, storm drains, fishing boats, waste treatment sites, and industrial facilities. These materials have damaging effects on coral reefs
A marine iguana from the Galapagos Islands. (Photo: NOAA)
marine iguana - the marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) inhabits the Galapagos Island, an archipelago on the Equator, 800 kilometers west of the Ecuadorian coast. It differs from the mainland iguanas by the shape of the snout and other morphological features. The species probably rafted to the islands many millions of years ago, and developed a new ecological niche.They feed almost exclusively on marine algae and seaweed in the intertidal zone, and some make shallow dives past the breaker zone
Marine Life Conservation District (MLCD) - a designated area for the conservation and replenishment of marine resources. MLCDs allow only limited fishing and other consumptive uses, or prohibit such uses entirely. They provide fishes and other aquatic life with a protected area in which to grow and reproduce, and are home to a great variety of species
Marine Managed Area (MMA) - see: Marine Protected Area
Marine Protected Area (MPA) - any area of the marine environment that has been reserved by federal, state, territorial, tribal or local laws or regulations to provide lasting protection to part or all of the natural or cultural resources within them. Familiar examples of U.S. MPAs include National parks, wildlife refuges, monuments and marine sanctuaries, fisheries closures, critical habitat, habitat areas of particular concern, state parks, conservation areas, estuarine reserves and preserves, and numerous others. Areas which are not MPAs are areas where access is restricted for reasons other than conservation (such as security zones, shellfish closures, sewage discharge areas, and pipeline and cable corridors), or unprotected areas that are logistically inaccessible due to weather, sea state, etc; MPAs are sometimes called Marine Managed Areas (MMA). However, "marine protected area" is a broad, inclusive term which includes both mulit-purpose sites with some restrictions as well as the more restrictive "no take marine reserves."
marine protected area (MPA) spillover - MPA spillover refers two types of movements outside the MPA: (1) adults and juvenile animals swim into adjacent areas, and (2) eggs, larvae and young post-larval stages can drift out from the MPA into the surrounding waters
Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA ) - the MPRSA (1972) provides protection for many coral reefs by authorizing NOAA to designate areas as marine sanctuaries and promulgate regulations for the conservation and management of those areas. Since the Act was passed, thirteen sanctuaries have been designated, several of which contain coral reef communities. Coral research, monitoring, and management activities are conducted in these sanctuaries, as well as in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve, which is currently (June 2004) under consideration to become the nation's fourteenth sanctuary
marine reserve - an area in the ocean that isprotected from uses that remove animals, plants, and other organisms, or alter their habitats
Marine Resources Pacific Consortium (MAREPAC ) - MAREPAC is a consortium made up of representatives from nine islands in Micronesia (Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Northern Marianas, Guam, Palau, and American Samoa). MAREPAC's mission is to develop regional capabilities, foster collaboration, and disseminate accurate information in support of sound policy development on sustainable use of marine resources of cultural, economic, and scientific value
marine snow - dense concentrations of particulate organic detritus and living organisms whose downward drift appears similar to a snowfall
marine tenure - locally specified entitlements to marine territories and resources claimed and exercised by the 'guardians' or "owners" of those territories and resources
maritime climate - a climate strongly influenced by an oceanic environment, found on islands and the windward shores of continents. It is characterized by small daily and yearly temperature ranges and high relative humidity
marker gene - in genetic engineering, an easily identified gene that is inserted into an organism, along with a desired gene. The presence of the marker gene demonstrates that the transformation was successful
marl - fine-grained carbonate-rich mud; a calcareous clay which contains approximately 30 to 65 percent calcium carbonate
Coastal marsh in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, CA. (Photo: Kip Evans)
marsh - a soft, wet area periodically or continuously flooded to a shallow depth, usually characterized by a particular group of grasses, cattails and other low plants
marsupium - an abdominal pouch where certain animals carry their young, as in some crustaceans and the brood pouch of the male seahorse
MARXAN - software designed to provide decision support assistance for those designing biodiversity reserves or networks of reserves. MARXAN is a decision support tool to consider options in terrestrial and marine reserve design, supporting the implementation of ecosystem-based management (EBM) principles
Mascarene Plateau - a submerged volcanic plateau dominating the western Indian Ocean, extending approximately 2,000 km between Seychelles and Mauritius. It covers an area of over 115,000 square kilometers of shallow water with depths ranging from 8 m to 150 m on the plateau, plunging to depths of 4000 m at its edges. It is the major marine ecosystem of the western Indian Ocean
mass extinction - a catastrophic, widespread perturbation where major groups of species become extinct in a relatively short time
mass spawning - spawning events where many different species spawn simultaneously
mass spectrometer - a laboratory instrument that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of individual molecules that have been converted into ions. This information is then used to determine the masses of the molecules
mass spectrometry - an analytical technique where ions are separated according to their ratio of charge to mass. The atomic weight of the particle can be obtained from the mass spectrum produced
Scuba divers examine a massive coral colony. (Photo: Australian Institute of Marine Sciences)
massive - having a large compact structure without a definable shape
massive colony - a coral colony that is solid and typically hemispherical in shape
maternal mRNA - messenger RNA found in oocytes and early embryos that is derived from the maternal genome during oogenesis
MATLAB - an integrated technical computing environment that combines numeric computation, advanced graphics and visualization, and a high-level programming language. MATLAB enables one to perform computationally intensive tasks faster than with traditional programming languages
maxilla - pertains to mouth parts; the upper jaw
maxilliped - one of the mouth appendages of crustaceans, situated behind the maxillae. Crabs have three pairs, but many of the lower crustaceans have only one pair
maximum sustainable yield - the maximum number of a food or game population that can be harvested without harming the population's ability to grow back; the largest average catch or yield that can continuously be taken from a stock under existing environmental conditions
mean - a statistical measure of central tendency. The sum of a set of observations divided by the number of observations. It is also referred to as 'arithmetic mean' and 'sample mean'
mean high tide - the level to which the water rose on an average day over a previous period of time (years or decades); the average of all the high tides as calculated over a long period of time
Mean Higher High Water (MHHW) - A tidal datum. The average of the higher high water height of each tidal day observed over the National Tidal Datum Epoch; The average height of the higher of the two daily high tides
mean low tide - the average altitude of all low tides recorded at a given place over a long period of time
mean lower low water (MLLW) - the average of the lowest tide recorded at a tide station each day during the recording period; The average height of the lower of the two daily low tides
mean sea level - the level of the surface of the sea between mean high and mean low tide. It is used as a reference point for measuring elevations; the average height of the sea measured over 18.61 years.
meandroid colony - a massive colony that has corallite mouths aligned in valleys, such that there are no individual polyps
mechanoreceptor - a neurological receptor that responds to mechanical energy, e.g. pressure, touch, and gravity
median - a statistical measure of central tendency. The middle-most value in a set of observations with an equal number of observations lying above and below the median value
median fin - in fishes, an unpaired fin located on the sagittal plane of the body, i.e., the dorsal, caudal and anal fins
A jellyfish (medusa stage) showing its oral or subumbrella surface. The hanging tentacles bear stinging cells, used for food capture.
medusa - the free swimming stage of some corals, jellyfish, anemones, hydroids and comb jellies, shaped like a bell or umbrella and swims by pulsations of the body
medusa bud - one of the buds of a hydroid, destined to develop into a gonophore or medusa. Medusa buds are released from the gonangium through a central opening, the gonopore
medusoid - a body form resembling a medusa; umbrella shaped
megabase (Mb) - unit of DNA or RNA sequence equal to one million (10) pairs of nucleotide bases. Abbreviated Mb
megabyte (mb) - a measure of storage space. One megabyte roughly translates to a million characters of text, or 180,000 words
megafauna - animals exceeding 2 cm in length; a term referring to late Pleistocene large terrestrial mammals whose body weight exceeded 44 kg (100 lbs)
megalops larva - the larval stage in brachyuran crabs that follows the zoea larval stage
megasclere - a large spicule in sponges
meio- - smaller; less than
meiobenthos (meiofauna or meioflora) - benthic organisms whose shortest dimension is less than 0.5 mm but greater than or equal to 0.1 mm
Diagram showing the meiotic division of a diploid cell, which in two divisions, results in the production of four haploid daughter cells. This process is also termed gametogenesis because it results in haploid sperm and egg cells.
meiosis - a two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in the development of sperm and egg cells . In meiosis, a diploid cell divides to produce four haploid cells, each with half the original chromosome content. In organisms with a diploid life cycle, the products of meiosis are called gametes. In organisms with an alternation of generations, the products of meiosis are called spores
Map showing location of Melanesia. (Graphic: Melanesian Cultural Heritage Management Identification Study)
Melanesia - a large region of volcanic islands which includes New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Fiji, Maluku, the Torres Strait Islands, and New Caledonia. The name "Melanesia" means "black islands", referring to the dark-complexioned inhabitants these islands
melanic - very dark or black color
melanin - a pigment in the skin of animals which determines skin and coat color. It is found in two chemically different forms: eumelanin (which produces brown and black) and phaeomelanin (which produces yellow and red). Melanin also provides protection against the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation
melanistic - dark or blackish
melanocyte - a cell in the inner layer of the epidermis that produce melanin
melanophore - a chromatophore which contains black and brown pigments called melanin
melon - a lens-shaped fatty deposit lying in the facial depression of many toothed whales, such as the bottle-nosed dolphin. It appears as the bulging forehead just in front of the blowhole. It contains fatty deposits, muscles, and nasal air sacs and passages. The melon is used in focusing a whale's sounds, functioning as an acoustical lens for echolocation.The fatty deposits change shape as the whale is producing sounds
membrane filter - a thin microporous material of specific pore size used to filter bacteria, algae, and other very small particles from water
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) - an interagency agreement defining the role and responsibility which each agency has in dealing with particular issues
Mendel's Laws of Heredity - the Law of Segregation states that each hereditary characteristic is controlled by two 'factors' (alleles), which segregate and pass into separate germ cells (gametes). The Law of Independent Assortment states that pairs of 'factors' segregate independently of each other when germ cells are formed
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884), the "father" of the science of genetics.
Mendelian inheritance - one method in which genetic traits are passed from parents to offspring. It is named after the Austrian monk, Gregor Mendel, who first studied and recognized the existence of genes and this method of inheritance; a hereditary process explainable in terms of the behavior of chromosomes, e.g., segregation of chromosomes, independent assortment, and homologous exchange of parts
Mendelian population - a natural, interbreeding unit of sexually reproducing organisms sharing a common gene pool
menisciform - crescent-shaped
meristic - pertains to serially repeated structures which can be counted, e.g. scales, vertebrae, fin rays, fin spines, other spines, myomeres, photophores, scutes, laterel line pores, etc
mermaid's purse - an egg case of a shark or ray, usually oblong in shape with horns or tendrils
meroblastic cleavage - incomplete cleavage of the zygote, restricted to the blastodisc, the non-yolky cytoplasm at one end of the egg; typical of teloblastic eggs
merogony - a process that increases the number of infective cells of some parasites. A single large schizont gives rise to a large number of small merozoites that infect other host cells
meroplankton - planktonic eggs and larvae which are temporary members of the plankton community
mesenchyme - in cnidarians, a primitive "connective tissue" located between the epidermis and the gastrodermis. If it contains no cell components, it is termed "mesoglea"; undifferentiated cells of an embryo, derived from mesoderm, which give rise to connective tissue and the circulatory and lymphatics systems; amoebocytic cells often embedded in a gelatinous matrix
mesenterial filament - a thickened rim or ribbon-like extension running along the free border of a mesentery from the end of the actinopharynx downwards. They aid in the capture and digestion of food materials and may also assist in inhibiting substrate competitors
mesenteric filament - the cord of tissue In sea anemones that runs along the edge of incomplete mesenteries and which bear glandular cells and nematocysts; they are used in digestion and become acontia toward the pedal disc
mesentery - a sheet of tissue that envelops, separates, or supports particular organs or body regions; a vertical sheet of tissue that divides the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarian polyps and function also to increase the surface area for digestion and nutrient uptake. Multiple mesenteries are arranged radially within the gastrovascular cavity of cnidarian polyps and are attached to the oral disc.
meso- - a prefix meaning 'middle'
Late gastrula. This photograph is a dorsal view of the embryo, with the anterior being toward the animal pole and the posterior toward the vegetal pole. Note the beginning of the formation of enterocoelic (mesodermal) pouches, from which the mesoderm is derived, on the right and left side of the anterior end of the gastrocoel. A - mesoderm; B - coelom; C - archenteron (Photo: Cell and Developmental Biology Online website (University of Guelph) http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/)
mesoderm - the middle of the three germ layers of a triploblastic embryo that gives rise to the skeletal and support, muscular, blood vascular, urogenital and reproductive systems, and contributions to some glands
Inner tissues of this Giant Green Anemone (Anthopleura xanthogrammica) are separated by the mesoglea. (Photo: Lisa Eschenbach)
mesoglea - the connective tissue layer between the epidermis and gastrodermis of cnidarians and ctenophores (comb jellies)
mesohyle - the non-cellular gel layer (also called 'mesenchyme') of sponges. It is located between the epidermis (pinacoderm) and the choanoderm, the cell layer that lines the spongocoel. The mesohyle contains either spicules (supportive needles made of calcium carbonate) or spongin fibers (a flexible skeletal material made from protein); also called mesohyl
mesolamella - a collagenous layer that separates the choanochambers of hexactinellid sponges (glass sponges)
mesolecithal - a moderately telolecithal egg, typical of amphibians
mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) - light-dependent coral communities and their associated populations of algae, sponges and other invertebrates, and fishes, that occur in the deepest half of the photic zone (starting at 30-40 m and extending to over 150 m) in tropical and subtropical regions. This zone of dimished light is also referred to as the "twilight zone"
Mesozoic - an era of time during the Phanerozoic eon lasting from 245 million years ago to 66.4 million ago
messenger RNA (mRNA) - an RNA molecule that encodes the amino acid sequence of a protein. It is the mediating template between DNA and proteins. The encoded information from a particular gene is transferred from a strand of DNA by the construction of a complementary template strand of RNA (mRNA) through the transcription process. Next, three nucleotide segments of RNA, called tRNA (transfer RNA), which are attached to specific amino acids, match up with the template strand of mRNA to order the correct sequence of amino acids. These amino acids are then bonded together to form a protein a in a process, called translation. Translation occurs in the ribosomes, which are composed of proteins and a third kind of RNA, rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
metabolic gas - a gas which is released by the body as a result of metabolism. Carbon dioxide is an example of a metabolic gas
metabolism - the sum of all the physical and chemical processes by which living organised materials are produced and maintained (anabolism), and also the destructive transformation processes by which energy is made available for the uses of the organism (catabolism)
metabolite - a substance that takes part in the process of metabolism, which involves the breakdown of complex organic constituents of the organism's body with the liberation of energy for use in bodily functioning. The various compounds that take part in, or are formed by, these reactions are called metabolites
metadata - information about data or other information. Metadata or "data about data" describe the content, quality, condition, and other characteristics of data
metagamy - pertains to a reproductive cycle that alternates between sexual and asexual phases
metagenesis - an alternation of sexual and asexual generations. When metagenesis occurs in cnidarians, the polyp is the asexual generation and the medusa is the sexual generation. A generalized life cycle occurs as follows: medusae produce gametes which unite to form zygotes. Each zygote divides repeatedly and develops into a free-swimming planula larva, which eventually settles and develops into a polyp. Each polyp then asexually produces medusae to complete the life cycle
metagenome - all the genetic material present in an environmental sample, consisting of the genomes of many individual microbial organisms; the comprehensive range of all DNA sequences of a mixed bacterial sample from nature
metagenomics - the application of modern genomics techniques to the study of communities of microbial organisms directly in their natural environments, bypassing the need for laboratory cultivation of individual species
metamere - in biology, any of the homologous segments lying in a longitudinal series that make up the body of certain animals, such as earthworms and lobsters. A metamere is also called a 'somite'
A polychaete worm exhibiting metamerism. (Photo: Rick Gillis, Ph.D., Biology Dept., University of Wisconsin-La Crosse)
metamerism - in biology, the division of the body into a series of more or less similar segments (metameres), as in an annelid worm or a lobster
metamorphosis - change of body shape, e.g., the change from a larval form to a juvenile or adult form
Crustacean metanauplius larva. (Photo: Dep.de formation des maitres. Physiologie animale, Universite Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris VI.)
metanauplius larva - postnaupliar larva of crustaceans with the same general body and limb morphology as the nauplius, but having additional appendages
metanephridium - a type of excretory tubule in annelid worms. The metanephridium has internal openings called 'nephrostomes' that collect body fluids and conducts them to the outside through external openings, the 'nephridiopores'
metanephros - the final excretory organ that develops in a vertebrate embryo. In birds, reptiles, and mammals it replaces the mesonephros as the functional excretory organ, and develops into the adult kidney
metapopulation - a group of populations, usually of the same species, which exist at the same time but in different places. The dispersed population can replenish one another with migrants
metazoa - multicellular animals having cells differentiated into tissues and organs, and usually a digestive cavity and nervous system
metecdysis - the final stage in arthropod molting in which the new cuticle is hardened
Meteorologists often study violent weather. (Photo: NOAA)
meteorology - the science that deals with atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions
meter - a unit of length which constitutes the basis of the Metric System. It is one ten-millionth part of the distance measured on a meridian of the Earth from the equator to the pole. One meter equals 39.37 inches
methane - an odorless gas produced by the decomposition of organic matter
method - a description of how data and information are collected
metric system - a decimal system of measures and weights with the meter and the gram as bases
microarray - in genomics, a tool for studying how large numbers of genes interact with each other and how a cell's regulatory networks control vast batteries of genes simultaneously. A robot is used to precisely apply tiny droplets containing functional DNA to glass slides. Researchers then attach fluorescent labels to DNA from the cell they are studying. The labeled probes are allowed to bind to cDNA strands on the slides. The slides are put into a scanning microscope to measure how much of a specific DNA fragment is present
microatoll - a circular colonial corallum up to 1 m height and 4 m diameter. Growth is mainly lateral, as upward growth is limited by aerial exposure
microbe - a nonspecific term for small organisms that can be seen only with the aid of a microscope. The term encompasses viruses, bacteria, yeasts, molds,and protists. The term, however, is used most frequently in refererence to bacteria
microbenthos (microfauna or microflora) - benthic organisms whose shortest dimension is less than 0.1 mm
microbial loop - a micro-food chain that works within (or along side) the classical food chain. In the microbial loop the smallest organisms, the heterotrophic bacteria and pico-plankton, use dissolved inorganic material directly as carbon and energy sources. These organi
microbiology - the study of organisms that can be seen only with the aid of a microscope
microbiota - organisms which are invisible, or nearly so, to the naked eye
microecology - the study of the interactions between microorganisms and their environment
microenvironment - a specific set of physical, biological, and chemical factors immediately surrounding the organism
microevolution - relatively minor change in the composition of a species' gene pool over time
microfauna - animals which are invisible, or nearly so, to the naked eye
microflora - plants which are invisible, or nearly so, to the naked eye
microhabitat - a smaller part of a habitat that has some internal interactions allowing it to function self-sufficiently within a generally larger habitat, such as a patch reef in a lagoon
micrometer - an instrument for measuring very small distances
micron (µ) - a unit of length equivalent to a micrometer (µm), one-millionth of a meter or 0.00003937 inch
Map of Micronesia. (Graphic: U.S. CIA)
Micronesia - a region situated between the Mariana Trench in the west and the Line Islands in the east. The name "Micronesia" means "tiny islands." the Federated States of Micronesia consists of the states of Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae. This region is composed of thousands of small islands, mostly atolls
micronutrient - a nutrient, such as iron, copper, or zinc, that is required in very small amounts by plants in order to photosynthesize and thrive
micropyle - the minute aperture in the egg membrane for the entry of the sperm cell
microsatellites - loci (or regions within DNA sequences) where short sequences of DNA nucleotides are repeated in tandem arrays (the sequences are repeated one right after the other). The lengths of sequences used most often are di-, tri-, or tetra-nucleotides. In the literature they can also be called simple sequence repeats (SSR), short tandem repeats (STR), or variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). Microsastellites are inherited in a Mendelian fashion. They are widely used in the following applications: forensic identification and relatedness testing; diagnosis and identification of diseases; population studies (by looking at the variation of microsatellites in populations, inferences can be made about population structures and differences, genetic drift, genetic bottlenecks and even the date of a last common ancestor); and conservation biology where they can be used to detect sudden changes in population, effects of population fragmentation, and interaction of different populations. Microsatellites are useful in identification of new and incipient populations
microsclere - a small spicule in sponges
microscopic section - a very thin slice of biological tissue or mineral or other substance for examination under a microscope
microsmatic - pertains to animals with a poorly developed olfactory (smell) sense
microtubule - a long, hollow rod composed of the protein, tubulin. Microtubules make up portions of the cytoskeleton of cells. Microtubules aid in cell support, intracellular transport, and cell proliferation. They are also found in cilia and flagella
microvillus - any of the minute hairlike structures projecting from the surface of certain types of cells
microwave - any electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the approximate range from one millimeter to one meter, the region between infrared and short-wave radio wavelengths
Tidal pools in the midlittoral zone. (Photo: Susan Scott)
midlittoral zone - the portion of the intertidal zone that is covered and uncovered by water each day
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) migrate from near the poles to tropical waters. (Photo: R Wicklund)
migration - the large-scale movement of a population for some specific purpose
migration corridor - a set route that migratory animals follow when they migrate from one area to another
Millennium Coral Reef Mapping Project (MCRMP) - the Institute for Marine Remote Sensing (IMaRS) at the University of South Florida is funded by the Oceanography Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to provide an exhaustive worldwide inventory of coral reefs using high-resolution satellite imagery. The project uses Landsat 7 satellite imagery to map the extent and diversity of coral reefs worldwide at geomorphological levels
milliammeter - an instrument for recording very small electrical currents
millipore filter - a thin membrane composed of cellulose fibers that is used, for example, as a filter in the bacteriological examination of water
The testes of this male adult salmon produce milt when ready to spawn. The milt becomes a liquid, containing sperm cells, and exits through the vent opening to fertilize eggs. (Photo: Pacific Streamkeepers Federation)
milt - the testes of fishes when filled with semen; fish seminal fluid
mimicry - the appearance or characteristics of one organism that copies or "mimics" another in order to gain some advantage; the organism may resemble some other natural object as an aid in concealment
Minamata disease - mercury poisoning of humans from eating contaminated seafood
mineral accretion - a technique used to grow corals on artificial reefs using electricity to accrete minerals thereby cementing coral colonies to the substrate. Applying a low voltage to a metallic structure causes calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to build on the metal, upon which coral larvae can attach, settle and feed. This greatly speeds the coral reef growth process. The voltage is low enough that it can easily be generated by floating solar panels or from wave action
mineral deposit - an accumulation of naturally occurring minerals
mini-atoll - a ring-shaped patch reef with a central area (lagoon) containing sand
mitigation - the act of making less severe or intense; measures taken to reduce adverse impacts on the environment
mitigation plan - a proposal to reduce or alleviate potentially harmful impacts
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) - DNA that is located in the mitochondria of cells. It is inherited only from the female parent
mitochondrial genome - the genetic material of the mitochondria. It is similar in structure to that of the prokaryotic genetic material, formed of a single circular DNA molecule. The mitochondria of sexually-reproducing animals usually comes only from the maternal side, and is essentially the same as that of the mother. Sometimes mitochondria from spermatozoa are also passed on to offspring. Mitochondrial DNA has been studied to trace lineage far back in time
Electron micrograph of a single mitochondrion showing the organized arrangement of the protein matrix and the inner mitochondrial membranes. (Photo: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services/National Institutes of Health)
mitochondrion - an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes. Mitochondria are sometimes described as cellular "power plants" because their primary function is to manufacture adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a major source of cellular energy
mitogen - any substance that causes cells to begin dividing by mitosis
mitogenome - mitochondrial genome; DNA found in mitochondria, which contains some structural genes and is generally inherited only through the female line
mitosis - the process of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells that produces two daughter cells from one mother cell, all of which are genetically identical to each other. See cell division -
mitotic spindle - a network of fiber-like microtubules that forms in a cell's nucleus during mitosis (nuclear division) which connects the centrosomes to the kinetochores and helps move the chromosomes around
mixed layer - near-surface waters subject to mixing by the action of wind and waves. There is little variation in salinity or temperature at depths below the mixed layer
mixed zone - the populous region of most bank/barrier reefs seaward of the lower palmata zone. It begins at a depth of 6-8 m
MMM (Maximum Monthly Mean SST climatology) - the highest expected (climatological) monthly SST expected at all ocean locations based on 15 years of monthly mean SST data (serves as the input threshold for the Coral Bleaching HotSpot charts)
mode - a statistical measure of central tendency. The number that appears most in a sequence of numbers. A list of numbers can have more than one mode
Modern Synthesis - the synthesis of natural selection and mendelian inheritance
modifier gene - a gene that modifies the effect produced by another gene
moiety - a component part of a complex molecule
molar - a large flat or ridged-topped tooth adapted for crushing or grinding
molariform - shaped like a molar tooth, being rounded and flattened. In fishes, molariform teeth are used for crushing mollusks and crustaceans
mole - the mass of a compound in grams numerically equal to its molecular weight. Also, the mass of a compound containing Avogadro's number of molecules
molecular biology - a branch of biology that studies the biology of a cell at the molecular level. Molecular biological studies are directed at studying the structure and function of biological macromolecules and the relationship of their functioning to the structure of a cell and its internal components. Great attention is given to genetic aspects such as replication, transcription and translation
molecular genetics - the study of how genes function to control cellular activities
molecular weight - the sum of the atomic weights of the atoms in a molecule
molecule - a small particle composed of two or more atoms. Molecules are a stable configuration of atomic nuclei and electrons bound together by electrostatic and electromagnetic forces. They have characteristic physical and chemical properties, different from the atoms of which they are composed
Atlantic deer cowrie (Cypraea cervus) grazing in the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary. (Photo: Frank and Joyce Burek)
Mollusca - an animal phylum that includes bivalves, squids, octopuses and snails. They are distinguished by a muscular foot, a calcareous shell secreted by the underlying body wall (the mantle) and a feeding organ (the radula). Many species are common inhabitants of coral reefs
molt - to shed part or all of a coat or outer covering, such as, shell, feathers, cuticle or skin, which is replaced periodically by a new growth
monaxon - a linear spicule in sponges; a single rod or ray with a pointed, hooked, or knobbed end
Monera - the Kingdom composed of prokaryotic organisms. They have a cell wall, and lack both membrane-bound organelles and multicellular forms. The Archaebacteria, the most ancient of this Kingdom, are so different that they may belong to a separate kingdom. Monera include the cyanobacteria and eubacteria
moniliform - contracted at short, regular intervals like a string of beads; bead-like
monitoring - the systematic collection of data over time
monk seal - an endangered species of seal (Monachus schauinslandi) normally found on the leeward (southwest) sides of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, and occasionally sighted in the Main Hawaiian Islands. It is estimated that fewer than 1500 Hawaiian monk seals exist today. The Hawaiian monk seal was officially designated endangered 1976 and is protected by the Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammal Protection Act. It is illegal to kill, capture or harass monk seals. A critically endangered species of monk seal (Monachus monachus) is found in the Mediterranean Sea. The Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis) is thought to be extinct
mono- - a prefix meaning one
monoecious - having combined sexes. Individuals of monoecious species contain the reproductive systems of both males and females
monofilament - a single large filament or threadlike structure of a synthetic fiber, such as a monofilament fishing line
monogamy - a male and a female mating only with each other
monomer - in chemistry, a single molecule that is the subunit of a polymer; in genetics, a character determined by a gene or genes at a particular locus
monomorphic - occurring in only one form
monopectinate gill (ctenidium) - in mollusks, refers to having gill lamellae on one side of the ctenidial axis
monophagous - eating one kind of food only
monophyletic group - a group of organisms descended from a common ancestor
monosaccharide - a sugar that does not hydrolyse to produce other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates
monotonic function (monotone function) - in mathematics, a function that either never decreases or never increases as its independent variable increases
monotype - in taxonomy, a situation where a genus group taxon is established with only one immediately subordinate taxon, e.g., a genus containing only one species
monsoon - a periodic wind caused by the effects of differential heating, with the largest being the Indian monsoon found in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia
Great star coral (Montastraea cavernosa) is one of four species of Montastraea found at the Flower Garden Banks in the Gulf of Mexico. (Photo: Dr. Stephen Gittings)
Montastraea - a genus of hard (stony) coral that includes the boulder coral and the great star coral
montiform - mountain-shaped
moorish idol - a bony fish species (Zanclus cornutus) in the family Zanclidae. The moorish idol is the only species in the family. It has a long, white, sickle-shaped dorsal fin, two broad vertical black bars on the body, and a yellow-orange saddle across the s
moray eel - any of numerous chiefly tropical, brightly colored marine eels of the family Muraenidae that commonly inhabit coral reefs
morbidity - illness or disease; the incidence and prevalence of a specific disease
morgan - unit of inferred distance between genes on a chromosome
morph - a distinct genetic form or variant of a particular species. For example, a distinct color phase of a species that exhibits more than one color
morphogenesis - a change in the shape or structure of an organism through growth and differentiation
morphology - a branch of biology that deals with the form and structure of organisms, apart from their functions (physiology)
morphometric character - a measurement of a body part, e.g., head length or eye diameter
mortality - the death rate, measured as the number of deaths per a certain population during a specific time period; may describe the population as a whole, or a specific group within a population
morula - a stage of embryonic development in which the cleaving cells (blastomeres) appear as a cluster of blastomeres without a cavity; precedes the blastula stage of embryonic development
mosaic teeth - the series of rows of flat teeth found in rays,skates and some sharks. They are used for crushing hard foods as mollusks and crustaceans; also called "pavement teeth"
motile - capable of self-locomotion in organisms
motu - a coral island in the lagoon of an atoll
mouth brooder (oral brooder) - a fish which broods or protects the eggs or young by taking them into the mouth cavity
mouthparts - a collective term for the appendages around the mouth of crustaceans which are concerned with feeding: mandibles, maxillae and maxillipeds
muciferous - producing or containing mucus
mucophagy - feeding on the mucus of fishes or invertebrates
mucus - a gelatinous material secreted by specialized mucous cells. In corals, it functions in protection from bacterial invasion, food capture, and removal of sediment particles. Mucus is usually moved by cilia (motile hair-like extensions of the cell membrane)
mucus cell - a cell which secretes mucin, which, when mixed with water forms mucus; in cnidarian polyps, mucus trap food particles, removes sediments, lubricates the actinopharynx, protects against dessication, UV radiation, and other environmental stresses; also called mucocyte or mucosecretory cell,
mud - a fine sediment often associated with river discharge and buildup of organic material in areas sheltered from high-energy waves and currents
Nutrient-rich mudflats at the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary in California. (Photo: Dan Howard)
mud flat - a relatively level area of fine silt along a shore (as in a sheltered estuary) or around an island, alternately covered and uncovered by the tide, or covered by shallow water
Mullerian mimicry - a form of protective mimicry in which noxious species evolve through convergent evolution to resemble each other
Hull-mounted multibeam sonar (left) and towed side scan sonar (right) (Graphic: NOAA)
multibeam sonar - sonar signals arriving at a target, or the towfish, from a single source but along different paths. The multibeam sonar system consist of a transducer, motion sensor, gyrocompass, and navigation system. When collected in slightly overlapping swaths (fanlike coverages from sonar scans), multibeam sonars can produce a sonar data set that represents nearly 100 percent acoustic coverage of the seafloor
multimedia - the use of computers to present video, sound, graphics, and text
multimodal distribution - a distribution with more than one mode
Multipurpose Marine Cadastre (MMC) - a multi-agency effort to build a GIS-based marine information system for U.S. waters that provides authoritative geospatial data and supporting information to inform decision making on a range of ocean issues
Multispectral Scanner (MSS) - a scanner system that simultaneously acquires images of the same scene in various wavelength bands
multivariate analysis of variance - an analysis of variance with two or more dependent variables
multivariate community analyses - statistical methods for analyzing physical and biological community data using multiple variables
municipal discharge - discharge of effluent from waste water treatment plants, which receive waste water from households, commercial establishments, and industries in the coastal drainage basin
municipal Sewage - wastes (mostly liquid) originating from a community; may be composed of domestic wastewaters and/or industrial discharges
muon - a charged lepton about 200 times more massive than an electron; an elementary particle with a negative charge and a half-life of 2 microsecond; decays to electron and neutrino, and antineutrino
mutagen - an agent that causes a permanent genetic change in a cell other than that which occurs during normal genetic recombination
mutation - changes in the nature of single genes or segments of chromosomes, which are then inherited by successive generations
mutualism - a symbiotic interaction between two species in which both derive some benefit
Drawing of the mycelium of a fungus. (Photo: Jon Houseman\BIODIDAC)
mycelium - the mass of filamentous growth (hyphae) from which the vegetative part of a fungus develops
mycophage - an animal which primarily eats fungi
mycosis - any disease caused by a fungus
mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA) - MAAs are a family of compounds which act as nature's sunscreen in the marine environment. Shallow-water environments of tropical coral reefs are characterized by high levels of ultraviolet-A and ultraviolet-B radiation. Corals have developed an efficient defence against the potential damage of long-term solar irradiation, which often includes the production of natural "sunscreen"-type UV-absorbing compounds and related antioxidants. These compounds in shallow-water corals were identified to be a group of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) having absorption maxima in the range 310-360 nm. MAAs are assumed to be produced by the zooxanthellae in coral tissues, since their biosynthesis involves a biochemical pathway not found in invertebrates. The major distribution of MAAs, however, resides within the coral tissues, suggesting that the algal partner of the mutualistic relationship provides UV protection to the whole of the relationship via MAA translocation. MAAs have been identified in a number of taxonomically diverse organisms such as fungi, marine heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae, marine invertebrates, fishes,and a wide variety of other marine organisms
myocin - a contractile protein found in muscle cells which, together with actin, provides the mechanism for muscle contraction
myoepithelial cell - a contractile cell in cnidarians
myoglobin - an oxygen-binding protein found in the muscle cells of animals. It functions as an oxygen storage unit, providing oxygen to the muscles. Diving marine mammals, such as seals and whales are able to remain submerged for long periods because they have greater amounts of myoglobin in their muscles than other animals do. There is a close chemical similarity between myoglobin and hemoglobin, the oxygen-binding protein of red blood cells
myoneme - in protists, the differentiated threads of ectosarc, which are contractile and perform the function of muscular fibers in the Metazoa; in cnidarians, the myoneme is the contractile portion of epitheliomuscular cellscontained within the cell membrane that anchors it to the mesoglea. They may be diffuse or arranged in circular and longitudinal contracting bands
myotome - any segment of embryonic mesoderm that develops into skeletal (voluntary) muscle in the adult; any of the segmentally arranged blocks of muscle in lower vertebrates, such as fishes
mysid - a small shrimp-like crustacean belonging to the order Mysidacea. Mysids are also called "opossum shrimp" because the females carry their eggs in a pouch beneath the thorax
myxopterygium (clasper) - the copulatory organ or clasper of sharks, rays, skates and chimaeras
Appearing as solitary forms in the fossil record more than 400 million years ago, corals are extremely ancient animals that evolved into modern reef-building forms over the last 25 million years.
Continue Reading →
The NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program (CRCP) is a partnership between the NOAA Line Offices that work on coral reef issues: the National Ocean Service, the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, and the National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service. The CRCP brings together expertise from across NOAA for a multidisciplinary approach to managing and understanding coral reef ecosystems.
Contact CRCP →
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Revised: | You are here: http://coris.noaa.gov


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At the HQ Beach Club, there's a raised DJ booth with a great sound sytem, plush seating, bottle service and a pool.
- Filed Under
Hooray, it's officially summer today! And in the season-long pursuit of fun-in-the-sun, thoughts of nightlife whimsically also turn to "daylife." One of the biggest arrivals of this concept at the shore is HQ's Beach Club in Atlantic City, and I finally got to experience it.
The vibe here is so luxurious, most of the women feel the need to wear heels with their bikinis.
Even though a swimsuit is a must to catch some rays and swim in the triangular pool, the unwritten code is "dress to impress."
I loved the plush seating for bottle service, and though you're not on the beach, you can feel sand between your toes by the lounge couches as you bask in the sun.
As expected, there's a raised DJ booth with a fabulous integrated Turbosound system that bathes every section of the club in a pulsing beat; that's important, since they often feature top DJs (the day I visited, the Manufactured Superstars were doing their thing). If you rent a cabana, you can enjoy your own private pool, raised above the fray so you can overlook the whole scene. Think: South Beach-fabulous.
One caveat: just because it's a beach club, doesn't mean you can bring what you would to a typical pool or beach; all food (even Tic Tacs or gum), and "suspect items" (forget bringing moisturizing drops for your contacts) will be confiscated and NOT given back when you leave.
Although I often understand that bouncers have to search bags upon entry and be tough to do their job, I was shocked by unprofessional comments like "Thanks for breakfast!" when someone's granola bar or banana was taken away, or openly accusing people of trying to smuggle substances in via hand sanitizer, and sustaining an argument with them.
Not cool, and while some other clubs may overlook this kind of attitude by its staff, it isn't what I have come to expect from the premiere clubs run by Angel Management and EMM.
You can probably avoid the harassment if you pack light, because the club is worth it, but I hope they work on this issue - and fast. 500 Boardwalk, Atlantic City, (609) 345-2211, http://revelnightlife.com/venue/hq-beach-club.
Another way to celebrate the arrival of summer in A.C. on Saturday is the little "Beach Party" going on outside of the famed Bill's Bar and Burger at Harrah's to celebrate its 2nd anniversary.
There will be a "Mini B" eating competition (starting at 4 p.m.), where you can try your hand at winning a one-night hotel stay and dinner for four at Bill's; enjoy specials including the frozen hurricane drinks for $10, and the signature "Cold Ass Beer" for $2. There will also be specialty shots including the "pickleback" (Jameson with pickle juice) and shakes including the oatmeal cookie (vanilla ice cream, Goldschläger, Butterscotch Schnapps). Harrah's, 777 Harrah's Blvd., Atlantic City, (609) 441-5922, www.billsbarandburger.com.
Even if you can't make it to the shore this weekend, you can still enjoy a beach party at P.J. Whe
lihan's from noon to 5 p.m. on Saturday. For $10 per person, enjoy live music by Josh Copskey, One Night Affair, and 23 Kings.
Drink specials include $2.50 Coors and $2 Coors Light bottles, as well as $5 Three Olives drinks. 700 Haddon Ave.
, Haddon Township, (856) 427-7888, www.pjspub.com.
Can't get enough of those summer wine fests? Head to Washington Lake Park from noon to 5 p.m. Saturday and Sunday to sample more than 300 Jersey wines.
Live music, crafts, and kids activities are also part of the fun. If you buy your tickets online today, you'll get in for $15; at the gate it's $20. Free for "spectators" and those under 21. Tickets are available at www.newjerseywineevents.com. 626 Hurffville Cross Keys Road, Sewell.
If tequila is your thing, check out the Patron Tequila Dinner tonight at Renault Winery.
Enjoy a five-course dinner paired with tastings and cocktails for $45 per person. The event begins at 6:30 p.m., and reservations are required. 72 Bremen Ave., Egg Harbor City, www.renaultwinery.com.

subset: commoncrawl


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Instead of painting the town red, Benjamin Moore is painting the social sphere green – with envy, that is. Other brands struggling to get a grasp on the various networks can look to the paint company as an example. They successfully use social media to market to a wide variety of consumers, from businesses and designers to individual homeowners.
Benjamin Moore has been dishing out home color since the 1800's. They've gradually evolved with the times, presenting great value by way of digital media and exemplifying an important best practice: social voice. They are consistent in their social personality and insistent that they are more than just paint – encompassing all aspects of home life and design.
Defying the typical advice – to do a few social networks well instead of stretching too thin on all – Benjamin Moore has managed to have a strong presence on many. The social sharing buttons on their website include: Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, YouTube, Google+, Tumblr and Flickr. On their blog, "Color Chats," they focus on color inspiration, combinations and designer projects and tips.
Although the paint company is successful on numerous channels, they excel when given visual free reign. Benjamin Moore is all about color and design, and this is best conveyed through images. Thus, we chose to focus specifically on the image-based content on their Facebook, Pinterest and Tumblr pages. Below we analyze what Benjamin Moore is doing right, and how you can learn from them.
Facebook. The Benjamin Moore Facebook page posts an impressive variety of content, including paint colors and trends, design and decorating ideas and channel cross-promotion. Their recent "Main Street Matters" campaign is also largely promoted on the network – based on the idea to "paint what matters," Benjamin Moore will revitalize the top 20 main streets voted on. A visual design post that garnered high levels of engagement is shown below.
Recommended for YouWebcast: Sales and Marketing Alignment: 7 Steps To Implement Effective Sales Enablement
With fewer than 500,000 fans, Benjamin Moore demonstrates how businesses can focus on engaging current fans – not just collecting "likes" – by way of improving shares and comments. Although fans are not the end-all-be-all of metrics, they do signify the potential of an engaged community, further increasing opportunities. Therefore, a big takeaway from Benjamin Moore's Facebook marketing is the incorporation of quality content and inclusion of targeted demographics. It's important to understand that it's about getting the "right" fans – and then providing value.
Pinterest. Benjamin Moore is a clear standout on the network known for visual design. The paint company has 59 boards and well over 2,000 pins focused on home design and color inspiration. They have basic boards on color swatches, such as "shades of gray" and "earthen hues," as well as more unique boards like "monster man caves" and "eclectic elegance."
There is much to learn from the paint brand labeled "Hot on Pinterest" by Huffington Post. First of all, knowing your audience is vital. For instance, Benjamin Moore has a "home how-to" board for house projects (other than just painting) because they recognize that those looking to redo a room may need help with other ideas. While it is important to pin your original content, it's also a best practice to repin others – especially influencers in the space who will then share your content.
Tumblr. It's the year to get serious about Tumblr, and Benjamin Moore is doing just that. They've taken advantage of the opportunity to share brand creativity with bright colors and interesting images. Their Tumblr page can be un-sarcastically described as "digital fun," with a variety of posted content coordinated by hue. Below is an example of their color inspirations:
Benjamin Moore illustrates how effective Tumblr can be in portraying the lighthearted, artsier side of a business. With a younger demographic than other networks – the majority of Tumblr users are between the ages of 18 and 34 – it allows brands to reach a new audience. Of course, content should also be tailored appropriately – with less of an emphasis on direct sales and more on engagement and awareness.
Facebook, Pinterest and Tumblr all present immense possibilities for social media marketing. Benjamin Moore provides excellent examples above with their visual-focused content on those networks.
The paint brand has room for improvement, however, when it comes to image SEO and content optimization – specifically on Facebook and their Pinterest boards. We would also recommend an Instagram account for more creative insight and imagery.
Which other home design or improvement brands do social media marketing well? Let us know in the comments below.
Contact ZOG Digital today for digital solutions and a social media marketing audit.


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When exactly did Gov. Chris Christie first learn of the emails revealing a political vendetta by a member of his staff to inflict traffic gridlock on Fort Lee?
Christie gave conflicting answers to that question during his lengthy press conference Thursday.
Christie initially said he was blindsided when his communication director called him with the news on Wednesday morning, shortly after media outlets published the emails online.
That was the first time I knew about this. That was the first time I had seen any of the documents that were revealed yesterday, Christie said, according to a transcript of the press conference posted by the Washington Post.
But later, when asked if he had questioned himself about what had transpired, Christie said he hadnt slept well the previous two nights. That answer implied that he knew about the emails when he went to bed on Tuesday night, or more than a day earlier than he had previously indicated.
I haven't had a lot of sleep the last two nights, and I've been doing a lot of soul-searching. I'm sick over this, Christie said.
Christie reinforced that impression when he went on to say that if you're asking me (if) over the last 48 hours or last 36 hours I've done some soul-searching, you bet I have.
Yet by the time the press conference got underway, Christie had only known about the emails for roughly 26 hours, based on his initial account of the early morning Wednesday call.
A reporter who picked up on the discrepancy thought it was worth clarifying, and later asked Christie during the two-hour press conference if he had misspoken.
Yeah, Im sorry, Christie answered.
On Friday, Michael Drewniak, Christies press secretary, reiterated that the governor, who had acknowledged being sleep deprived, had made a mistake.
Here is the governors full statement, as transcribed by the Post:
(Addressing the media on Thursday morning)
Well, let me tell you, everybody, I was blindsided yesterday morning (Wednesday). I was done with my workout yesterday morning and got a call from my communications director at about 8:50, 8:55, informing me of this story that had just broken on the Bergen Record website. That was the first time I knew about this. That was the first time I had seen any of the documents that were revealed yesterday.
Then, during the Q&A portion, a reporter asked a question (emphysis added in bold):
Q: So, I'm just asking, what do you ask yourself about they either thought this is what the boss wanted, or they as a group, they were willing to go rogue and do this and then try to cover it up (inaudible)
GOV. CHRISTIE: Well, listen, obviously -- I said earlier, John, I'm heartbroken about it, and I'm incredibly disappointed. I don't think I've gotten to the angry stage yet, but I'm sure I'll get there.
But I'm just stunned.
And what does it make me ask about me? It makes me ask about me what did I do wrong to have these folks think it was OK to lie to me? And there's a lot of soul-searching that goes around with this. You know, when you're a leader of an organization and I've had this happen to me before, where I've had folks not tell me the truth about something not since I've been governor but in previous leadership positions you always wonder about what you could do differently. And believe me, John, I haven't had a lot of sleep the last two nights, and I've been doing a lot of soul-searching. I'm sick over this. I've worked for the last 12 years in public life developing a reputation for honesty and directness and blunt talk, one that I think is well-deserved. But, you know, when something like this happens, it's appropriate for you to question yourself, and certainly I am. And I am soul-searching on this.


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Keep Texas Beautiful (KTB) is now accepting applications for the 2013 Keep Texas Beautiful Youth and Educator Awards. The award program honors extraordinary students, educators and volunteers working to improve and beautify their communities. Awards are given in a number of categories to elementary through college-level youth, as well as educators and youth organizers. The …
Tag Archive: texas cleaning program
Mar 27 2013
Keep Texas Beautiful accepting apps
March 27, 2013
Tags: 46th Annual Conference, accepting applications, beautiful texas, beautify, clean up east texas, clean up texas, cleanup texas, clena texas, East Texas, east texas review, Keep Texas Beautiful, Keep Texas Beautiful Youth and Educator, Keep Texas Beautiful Youth and Educator Awards, keep texas pretty, keeping texas beautiful, ktb, Ruth Jackson, Ruthe Jackson, Ruthe Jackson Youth, Ruthe Jackson Youth Leadership, Ruthe Jackson Youth Leadership Awards, Sadie Graff, Sadie R Graff, Sadie Ray Graff, Sadie Ray Graff Award, Sadie Ray Graff Awards, San Antonio, texan environment, texas, texas clean, texas cleaning, texas cleaning program, texas environment
Permanent link to this article: http://www.easttexasreview.com/keep-texas-beautiful-accepting-apps/
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Dana Huff's Library tagged → View Popular, Search in Google
#HungerGames as nice departure from other Hero's Journey texts in that the hero is female. #NCTE11 G.41 #teaching #myth #storystructure
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|The atropine factor in pharmacologic stress echocardiography. Echo Persantine (EPIC) and Echo Dobutamine International Cooperative (EDIC) Study Groups.
MedLine Citation:
|PMID: 8609337 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE
|OBJECTIVES: This study sought to compare, head to head, the two most popular pharmacologic stress echocardiographic tests--dipyridamole and dobutamine--with state of the art protocols in a large multicenter prospective study. BACKGROUND: In the continuing quest for ideal diagnostic accuracy, pharmacologic stress echocardiography has quickly moved over the years from low to high dose regimens and is currently performed with atropine coadministration. METHODS: Dobutamine (up to 40 microgram/kg body weight per min) plus atropine (up to 1 mg over 4 h) and dipyridamole (up to 0.84 mg/kg per min over 10 h) plus atropine (up to 1 mg over 4 h) stress echocardiography was performed on different days, in random order and within 1 week in 360 patients with chest pain syndrome. Thirteen different echocardiographic laboratories, all fulfilling quality control criteria for stress echocardiographic reading, contributed to the study. RESULTS: No major complications occurred during either test. The test was interrupted before achievement of predetermined end points for limiting side effects in 37 dobutamine-atropine and 7 dipyridamole-atropine stress echocardiographic studies (feasibility 90% vs. 98%, p < 0.01). Diagnostic accuracy was assessed in a subset of 110 patients with no obvious rest dyssynergy (akinesia or dyskinesia) who underwent coronary angiography independently of test results and within 1 week of testing. Significant coronary artery disease (> or = 50% diameter reduction in at least one major coronary vessel by quantitative coronary angiography) was found in 92 patients. Sensitivity for detection of coronary artery disease was 84% (77 of 92) for dobutamine-atropine and 82% (75 of 92) for dipyridamole-atropine stress echocardiography (p = NS), with a specificity of 89% (16 of 18) for dobutamine-atropine and 94% (17 of 18) for dipyridamole-atropine stress echocardiography (p = NS). A significant correlation was present between peak wall motion score index during dipyridamole-atropine and dobutamine-atropine stress echocardiography (r = 0.83, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Dobutamine-atropine and dipyridamole-atropine stress echocardiography are safe and feasible, although submaximal studies are more frequent with dobutamine. The two stresses have comparable accuracy in the detection of angiographically assessed coronary artery disease, although dobutamine is marginally more sensitive and dipyridamole marginally more specific. Stratification of the ischemic response in the space domain is also comparable with the two stresses.
|A Pingitore; E Picano; M Q Colosso; B Reisenhofer; G Gigli; A R Lucarini; N Petix; M Previtali; R Bigi; G Chiarand?; G Minardi; M de Alcantara; J Lowenstein; M G Sclavo; C Palmieri; A Galati; G Seveso; J Heyman; W Mathias; F Casazza; R Sicari; M Raciti; P Landi; M Marzilli
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Publication Detail:
|Type: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Multicenter Study; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Detail:
|Title: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Volume: 27 ISSN: 0735-1097 ISO Abbreviation: J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Publication Date: 1996 Apr
Date Detail:
|Created Date: 1996-05-30 Completed Date: 1996-05-30 Revised Date: 2010-03-24
Medline Journal Info:
|Nlm Unique ID: 8301365 Medline TA: J Am Coll Cardiol Country: UNITED STATES
Other Details:
|Languages: eng Pagination: 1164-70 Citation Subset: AIM; IM
|Institute of Clinical Physiology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pisa, Italy.
Export Citation:
|APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex
|MeSH Terms
Angina Pectoris
Atropine / adverse effects, pharmacology*
Cardiotonic Agents / adverse effects, pharmacology*
Dipyridamole / adverse effects, pharmacology*
Dobutamine / adverse effects, pharmacology*
Echocardiography / methods*
Prospective Studies
Reg. No./Substance:
|0/Cardiotonic Agents; 34368-04-2/Dobutamine; 51-55-8/Atropine; 58-32-2/Dipyridamole
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: Ergonovine echocardiography as a screening test for diagnosis of vasospastic angina before coronary ...
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A little south of Hagi is the Yoshida Shoin Memorial Hall (Yoshida Shoin Kinenkan)。
It is most notable for the three bronze statues that stand outside in front of it, one of Yoshida Shoin himself, one of Takasugi Shinsaku, and one of Kusaka Gensui: both the latter having been taught in the late 1850s by Yoshida at his family's Shoka-sonjuku school that produced over 80 students who went on to become prominent figures in the Meiji Restoration that modernized Japan, beginning in 1868.
The Yoshida Shoin Memorial Hall is free, and just as well, because the exhibits it contains are not particularly remarkable. They include a map detailing Yoshida's wanderings throughout Japan, a life-size wax museum-style replica of a class at Yoshida's Shoka-sonjuku, and several documents and replicas of documents such as letters by the great man, his last will and testament, and kakejiku, i.e. calligraphic scrolls bearing exhortative proverbs and sayings.
If you're driving to Yamaguchi from Hagi, it's worth stopping for a look. There are also refreshments on sale. Park only in designated parking spaces. I didn't and crushed the bumper against a pole.
萩市大字椿 字鹿背ケ坂 1258
1258 Tsubaki, Hagi-shi, Yamaguchi
Tel/Fax 0838 22 9889
Hours: 9 a.m. – 6 p.m. every day except Dec 29 – Jan 3.
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- Filed Under
Michael Jackson may be gone, but thrillers are in full effect at Delaware State.
The Hornet men's basketball team found itself in the vortex of several nail-biting finishes at the end of last season in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference.
Delaware State seems to be following that trend once again, coming off a double-overtime defeat to Hampton before turning a second-half reversal in a win against Coppin State last Saturday. ...


text:
The Graduate Center offers more than thirty doctoral programs in the arts, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, including History.
Learn about the Graduate Center's core faculty,
including Distinguished Professor David Joselit (pictured),
on the Faculty Profiles page.
Through its extensive public programming, the Graduate Center contributes to the intellectual and cultural vitality of New York City.
The Graduate Center has announced its
Doctoral Student Parental Accommodation Policies.
Support for the Graduate Center ensures continued excellence in arts and
sciences graduate education, research, and public programming.
Clinical Internship
Ms. Wortsman's expertise is in the areas of clinical diagnostic and pediatric audiology.
She has served the NY State Speech Language Hearing Association (NYSSLHA) in the capacity of treasurer in the 1980's, and two times as the annual convention operations chair. Ms. Wortsman has also presented at several sessions at the NYSSLHA convention
Ms. Wortsman has been the recipient of the NYSSLHA Distinguished Service award as well as the Mount Sinai Medical Center's Service Award.
Ms. Wortsman is currently working on her Au.D. at the Arizona School of Health Sciences-A.T. Still University.
Curriculum and Examination Committee
Clinical Education Committee


text: here is a sweet new small summer collection from WSAKE, who i featured previously in my Jewels post. a father and daughter duo from Regensburg in Germany, WSAKE mainly makes beautiful jewellery – but they also create small editions of objects & postcards. i especially love their wreath & coral pendants and these clever vase caps. check out all their wares at their online shop.


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Resolution: standard / high
Figure 1.
Variation of the intensity of HER2 membranous staining and the percentage of cells with complete membranous staining in the consecutive tissue multi-control sections. Mean intensity of the average HER2 membranous stain and Mean percentage of cells with complete membranous staining are represented by the orange and blue lines, respectively. The means are calculated from all 4 samples of the tissue multi-control. Dashed orange and blue reference lines delineate the corresponding upper and lower quartiles.
Laurinavicius et al. Diagnostic Pathology 2013 8(Suppl 1):S15 doi:10.1186/1746-1596-8-S1-S15


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Luster's Pink Oil Moisturizer
30 reviews
26% would repurchase
Package Quality: 2.8
Price: $$
Package Quality: 2.8
Price: $$
INGREDIENTSDeionized Water - Aqua, Mineral Oil - Paraffinum Liquidum, Lanolin , Beeswax - Cera Alba, Petrolatum, Sodium Borate, Panthenol - Provitamin B5, Tocopherol - Vitamin E, Sorbitan Oleate, Ethylhexyl Dimethyl, PABA, Methylparaben, Propylparaben, Imidazolidinyl Urea , Fragrance - Parfum , Hexyl Cinnamal , Benzyl Salicylate, Limonene, Benzyl Benzoate, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Linalool, Geraniol, Citronellol, Benzyl Alcohol, Red 33 - CI 17200
Age: 56 & Over
Skin: Other, Medium Brown, Not Sure
Hair: Silver, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I have Silver hair I used This Product and it Turned my hair PINK. I contacted Luster and even e-mailed pictures of my damaged hair. After pictures were sent none of my Phone Calls were retuned. I have had Pink hair since Feburary Also I have used this product before back in the day with NO problem Maybe this was a BAD Batch or Its not Good for Silver Hair?
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Dark, Neutral
Hair: Black, Curly, Coarse
Eyes: Brown
This product is really hit-and-miss! Despite all the mineral oil and petrolatum, it's light enough that it works great for *some* but not-so-great for *others.* I think that's because it's basically a low-moisture sealing treatment.
Anecdotally, in my childhood when my hair was finer, often processed, and required less moisture than it does now, it appeared to work a little better to make it more manageable. Now I have healthy but thick, low porosity 4a (tightly coiled curl pattern) hair which needs all the moisture this product utterly fails at locking in (even when I try to layer it over others). Meanwhile, my mother's thinner, relaxed hair loves this stuff to death! It somehow makes *her* hair soft, shiny, and smoother, yet not particularly greasy. I don't think much has changed about this stuff over the years, either.
Bottom line (**UPDATED 4/21/2015**):
If your hair is very low porosity &/or needs help absorbing all the moisture it can get, then you probably want to avoid this product. If your hair is normal-high porosity (including artificially higher porosity from heat/chemical-damaged hair cuticles) AND persistently dry, then you might want to consider trying this product on damp hair. But that's ONLY if both conditions apply. If you're normal-high porous but your hair gets oily on its own if you don't wash it, more grease is not your friend.
If the package advertising was accurate I'd have at least given this product a 3/5 overall, but it basically claims to be everything for everybody, and that's not cool at all.
Age: 25-29
Skin: Acne-prone, Medium Brown, Warm
Hair: Black, Curly, Medium
Eyes: Brown
Gross texture ,too thick and filled with horrible ingredients
Age: 19-24
Skin: Normal, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Black, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
do not buy this crap or any of its other brands , im not black but i use this on my hair and been using it for years , was wondering why my hair would not grow and now i know why , it also makes your hair dry , dust and gives you split ends , i have to keep cutting my hair more than 3 inches but i will never touch this brand again. its going in the trash , for all of you that wants to put oil moisterizers in your hair dont do it! it just sits on your hair , leaving it to rip the natural moister out and dry out your hair. use a serum , like nexxus , this brand is crap.
Age: 25-29
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
The smell was horrific. It smells like STRONG, bad perfume and the smell DOES NOT come out no matter how many times after you wash your hair.I tried covering the smell with perfume, and scented lotion....but no matter what I did I smelled like this horrible Pink Luster crap. I think it took a week of washing my hair and not using this for the scent to be gone.
Never will I ever buy this God awful crap again.
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Warm
Hair: Brunette, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Grey
So I just use this product after drying my hair to get the fly aways down. I use a little bit on the palms of my hands and rub them together and run my hands through my hair. I make sure to put a little bit more on the ends, but not too much because than my hair will look oily and gross. It works really well it moisturizes and softens my hair and the fly aways go away. I don't think I use the product like you're suppose to but it works for me. Better than spending a lot of money on John Frieda Frizz ease products that don't work as well for me. It does smell a little weird, but it's not a big deal.
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Medium, Warm
Hair: Brunette, Curly, Coarse
Eyes: Hazel
This time, even I must agree with the others. This product sucks! I have mid back length 3b, 3c and 4a part ethnic curls which are dry, frizzy and coarse, and this product did nothing to treat any of these problems. This product is based on melted petroleum jelly and as such, it coats the hair, actually preventing moisture from coming in. On my hair, the results were a waxy, non-shiny mess. On the other hand, I'm not a 'natural products only' junkie and am well aware that there some very moisturizing and nourishing non natural hair moisturizers out there, such as the one I prefer to use on my hair. These are thick, nourishing moisturizers loaded with moisturizing ingredients(glycerin, various oils such as olive oil/coconut oil, etc.). Do yourself a favor and look for these moisturizing ingredients in the product, look for thickness of texture, and steer clear from coating ingredients and ingredients which may provide temporary shine but are stripping and drying in the long run. Your hair will thank you by being so healthy, it shines from within.
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Dark, Warm
Hair: Brown, Relaxed, Other
Eyes: Brown
Once I stopped putting this crap in my hair it actually grew past shoulder length. This junk adds nothing of nourishing quality to hair. My hair is now bra strap length, I keep it off my shoulders, out of my face and use mostly natural ingredients in it. Most of the products (gel included) aimed at black women are of no use or quality. Do yourself a favor and do more research into natural products that will benefit you and your hair because this is not it. MUA should really consider a 0 star option.
Age: 19-24
Skin: Normal, Tan, Cool
Hair: Blond, Wavy, Fine
Eyes: Green
I'm soo surprised by all the bad reviews! I'm caucasian, with bleached platinum blonde hair, and I LOVE this stuff... like so much, that I would buy stock in the company and even do commercials for them if I could lol. Usually I avoid products with alot of 'fillers' and non-natural ingredients, but this stuff WORKS so I stick with it. My hair isn't typical white girl hair though, its naturally very fine and dry, compound that with bleaching the crap out of it, and you've got yourself a hot mess. Enter: Pink oil moisturizer. It literally seals in moisture and keeps my hair healthy and shiny. I refuse to heat style (too damaging), so I get my hair straight by roller setting my hair in large rollers when its wet (my hair's naturally wavy). I wash my hair with Pantene conditioner, rinse out about 75% of it, then run the Pink oil stuff through it before putting it in rollers. It comes out shiny, bouncy and gorgeous. This product is definately a keeper for me... but different products work different on everyone! I basically use it as a 'setting lotion' to control frizz and seal in moisture when I put my wet hair in rollers. I'm not impressed by the mineral oil content, but it's taken me years to find something that tames my hair so I'm not gonna shun it cause of that! :)
Age: 19-24
Skin: Sensitive, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Curly, Medium
Eyes: Hazel
I'm amazed by all the bad reviews for pink oil. I use it as a sun protectant and frizz tamer/leave-in conditioner for my hair. It works great, not leaving it smelly, greasy, or frizzy. It's the perfect amount to weigh down the frizz and big hair look I get in humid weather. It works great to coat and protect my hair before swimming or beach going as well.
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female fronted doom metal band from mexico with shades of neoclassical, urban and gothic.
Erin and Her Cello!www.erinandhercello.com
"Quirky, vivacious, and undeniably unique," Strings Magazine. She's a modern gal with a large instrument between her legs! Meet Erin and Her Cello-- New York City chanteuse and storyteller that is charming audiences around the globe. Now on itunes and c ...
Boston based 5 piece band. euphonic combine tech progressive sounds with good ol' rock'n'roll
Famous Playerswww.myspace.com/famousplayers
Sicketating DJ's!
FATAL ERECTIONwww.myspace.com/fatalerectionny
Female fronted punk/hard core from NY. Into feedback, friends, and pizza. "I rolled in around the 10 o'clock hour, just in time to catch the end of the Fatal Erection set. The three or four tracks I saw were pretty great. Female singer, and pretty a ...
Female Fronted Sonic Circus of Melodic Aggression!www.viemusic.com
VIE IS A SONIC CIRCUS OF MELODIC AGGRESSION DISPLAYED WITH INTOXICATING ENERGY AND UNYIELDING PASSION! VIE was formed in March of 2005. After a short time together, this five piece female-fronted alternative metal / hard rock band has been awarded Rock C ...
Fille Souriresfillessourires.blogspot.com
Music blog with downloadable mp3's, hopelessly devoted to female singers who sigh, whisper, moan, groan and sometimes even sing in French. Jane Birkin, Françoise Hardy, Emilie Simon, Lio, Jeanne Cherhal, Camille, Elisa Tovati, Carla Bruni, France Gall, al ...
An extensive Melissa Auf der Maur site, offering everything from pictures to articles, and much more.
Fly Tucker Productionswww.flytucker.com
Fly Tucker has been mixing real world experience, visual arts, and music production to bring sucessful productions to both America and Europe.
Frances Mai-Lingwww.mai-ling.net
"Frances Mai-Ling has the ability to create hauntingly beautiful and vibrantly wonderful music. Each piece has a true life of it's own and envelops the listener completely. It is a fabulous amalgamation of flavors owing to Mai-Ling's great versatility." L ...
From Abuse to Freedom-Wendy St. Kittswww.wendystkitts.com
FROM ABUSE TO FREEDOM: WENDY ST. KITTS' music is sewn by the thread that connects the everyday women's lives. Before composing the 10 songs of her debut album Woman Empowered, her life was useless. For over 5 years Wendy abandoned songwriting becaus ...
Gemini Wolfgeminiwolf.net
Gemini Wolf is a six piece from Philadelphia. We can be described as extrasensory laptop rock with warmth, soul, and noise. Striking lyrics are paired with amazing electronic prowess, thunderous drums, soaring vocals, dubby bass, and beautiful string arra ...
GHOST ORGYwww.ghostorgy.com
Extreme, Filipino femme-fronted heavy rock act hailing from Jersey City.
Ghouls Night Outwww.ghoulsnightout.com
If the Misfits "spent the night" with The Trashwomen, you'd get Ghouls Night Out! These four graveyard girls recorded 8 ghoulishy groovy tracks. Myra (of Gein and the Graverobbers) plays her Fender Cyclone drenched with reverb, while Amy Von Eerie's fuzz ...
Gina Villaloboswww.ginavillalobos.com
and what about the music? She's dirty, she's sweet, and she's your girl, with pop rocks in her cheek, folk beneath her fingernails and a cowboy hat on top.
Girl Activitywww.girlactivity.com
Female fronted Chicago Pop Rock Band. from mid-tempo, pretty melodies with a jangle to in your face crunchy guitar onslaught. Songs about love gone awry.
Girls Rock Girls Rulewww.myspace.com/girlsrockgirlsrule
"What do you get when you put a bunch of kick-a#$ rock chicks together with a sense of purpose? You get a better world –or at the very least good step towards one—with one great soundtrack" --- Stephen Bailey, StephenBailey.com. Bringing back some much ...
Brooklyn-based indie singer-songwriter Hailey Wojcik blends witty lyrics with unique guitar, ukulele and keyboard musings to come up with something beautiful on her newest album, Jealous Sees. Hailey's music is refreshingly original and unforgettable, wit ...
A site devoted to the creative efforts of Hanson fans. Give it a try.. you might be surprised how diverse and talented we can actually be ;)
Shelley Harland, someone to take notice of. Her singing, writing and programming skills have led to collaborations with DJ Rap, Delerium and John Cale (Velvet Underground). An accomplished singer in the styles of Dido and Kate Bush - it was her own com ...
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Top Chef: Penguins on Top, Ladies on Bottom
I'm not saying that if Andrew didn't win this challenge, that he'd have suffered a nervous breakdown...but considering it's only the second episode of the season and he seems like he's one refill away from totally losing it (in a real way, not in a made-for-TV-sorta way), I'm glad for everyone else's sake that this goofball won.
And we know from the opening segment of the two girls working out together that something is goin' down with these ladies. And no, neither of the gym rats was one of the out lesbians.
The Quickfire challenge had the cheftestants (so hard to write that...) descending on Chicago's Green City Farmer's Market, nearly knocking down children and overwhelming unsuspecting vendors. And we start getting more insight into the chefs' personalities, or at least, the personalities they've constructred for us: Mike's impatience with the vendors leads to quickfire karma when he leaves a bag of food behind; Spike makes a point of sitting down to enjoy some music while everyone else is scrambling around. He even makes sure we see him dropping a dollar into the performer's guitar case. You know, just so we know he has his priorities straight.
The catch to the Quickfire is that they can only use five ingredients in their dish (not including salt, pepper, sugar, and oil). The guest judge is Wylie Dufresne, a big name among foodies and at the forefront of molecular gastronomy. Exactly. He is, however, a nice yin to creepy Tom Colicchio's yang.
The highlight of the Quickfire comes when Andrew, who we literally see repeating the rules of the challenge to himself, screws up and uses a sixth ingredient. Oooooops. And the winner, despite losing a bag of ingredients, is of course Mark. (We are also privvy once again to Erik's horrendous plating abilities: as with his souffle last week, this week's dish looked like it had been reconstructed after being thrown in the garbage. Way to represent your restaurant, dude!)
For the Elimination challenge, the group splits into five animal-based trios: Vulture, Bear, Lion, Penguin, and Gorilla. The challenge is to plan a menu based on each animal's diet and to serve at a catered cocktail party for 200. Along the way, we learn that Gorillas are vegetarians! (Doesn't stop that group from serving meat though...)
Just once, though, I'd love to see what happens when a team doesn't get their shopping done on time. Between this and Project Runway, we always see straggler just barely getting their last purchase scanned with one second left...please. We've all been in line with the equivalent of one second left (car parked illegally, late for work, potential boyfriend is getting ready to leave...) and you NEVER get out on time.
While the challenge is constructed around this animal-diet menu, the heart of it is really about catering. Ultimately it matters less what the dish is if it isn't properly prepared, and Team Gorilla - the only all-female team - fails to deliver on two of their four dishes.
Team Gorilla is made up of two alpha females, last week's winner Stephanie and her workout partner Antonia, and one who wouldn't last a day in the jungle, Valerie. In contrast to Team Bear's Nikki, who makes a point of how a woman needs to stand up for herself in the kitchen, we see Valerie utter nary a word while her team futzes over the menu.
I'm still not sure if she volunteered to make those nasty-ass blinis or if she was merely assigned; regardless, even I know something like that would dry out if prepared three hours before plating for 200. But Stephanie's chips didn't turn out much better, and her improvised crab salad was a big mushy mess.
With two strikes against them, Team Gorilla knows they are in trouble. The other dinged dish, Nikki's poo-bear stuffed mushrooms, provide a platform for this year's first team controversy, but Team Bear emerges unscathed and mousy little Valerie is sent packing.
As for the winner, I thought they were going to give it to Zoi for the lamb meatball that everyone was raving about, or even Mark for his anchovy dish (I mean - how good can an anchovy really be?) but that's not realistic since he already had immunity. But just like Mark won the Quickfire in spite of his goof, the judges give Andrew from Team Penguin the victory to even out his extraordinary extra-ingredient gaffe from earlier. If only we all lived in the magical Bravo reality TV world where an early mistake virtually guarantees a follow-up victory!
Not much else to note yet; still early with so many contestants, although we did get a shot of Zoi and her GF Jennifer lounging around in bed together; and I'm already totally sick of Richard's trying-too-hard-hair. I predict drama coming from Dale's corner, and I suspect Spike will get on someone's nerves (I mean, besides my own - he is cute though). As for next week's, my money is on Erik to be sent packing. But the real question is...when are they going to bring Dale - last year's runner-up - back on?? They're in Chicago, he's in Chicago...so you know he'll be there...but I can't wait until the finale!
Image courtesy Bravo