text:
Setting up a dual- or multi- boot Linux system
Making your computer boot a number of operating systems can be a very simple or complex issue. If you just want to set up a dual boot with Ubuntu and Windows there are lots of guides to help you do that, and often you don't even need to change any
settings. This guide is not about that, although there is no reason one of the partitions could not be Windows. Another thing you should know before using this guide, is that you can set up a virtual machine, where an operating system can run in
a window on your computer, and that is both a lot easier and safer.
OK, so if you still want to set up a dual or multi boot system, there is one more thing you should know. This guide will not give step by step instructions, but will rather explain what you need to do in general. For example, instead of saying something like "Select the grey box representing free space in the top of the window, and press new…" this tutorial will just say "You need to create a new partition and format it ext3." If you think you need a more step by step tutorial, I recommend you ask for help on a forum, like LinuxQuestions.org. And one last thing, this tutorial will assume you are using an empty hard drive. I don't recommend you do this for the first time on a hard drive you can't just reformat and start over. I messed up more then once, and I still don't even know what went wrong. Luckily, it was a blank hard drive, so I just started over.
Part 1: Format the Drive
Before you install anything, it is easiest to set up the partitions (pieces of your hard drive) in advance. To start out download and burn a live CD that allows you to partition your drive. I recommend the GParted live CD. This CD does partitioning, and just about nothing else, that's what makes it great. When you have booted it up these are the partitions you need to make:
|Approx. twice your RAM or 1.5GB to 2GB on a modern
|Sort of like extra RAM. Generally a good idea on Linux
|Depends on what distro you want to install. For testing
purposes I recommend 10-12GB for CD distributions and 15GB+ for DVD
|One of the distributions goes here.
|Depends on what distro you want to install. For testing
purposes I recommend 10-12GB for CD distributions and 15GB+ for DVD
|One of the distributions goes here.
|If you only ever need three distributions, make another of
this type and then you are done.
|All avaliable space
|Other partitions can go inside of this, but you can only have
4 primary/extended partition. Don't ask me why. Go try and Google it or
something if you must know.
|All following partitions go inside this
|Depends on what distro you want to install. For testing
purposes I recommend 10-12GB for CD distributions and 15GB+ for DVD
|One of the distributions goes here.
|Goes inside the extended partition.
Make as many of these as you need.
You may want to make a logical fat32 (or ext3 if you only plan to have Linux on the computer you are working on) for data storage between operating systems.
Now, after you write the partitions to the disk (YOU WILL LOSE ALL YOUR DATA), you should see names such as /dev/sda1. (These names will vary from system to system depending on your hard drive.) Write these names down along with what partition they correspond to. At the very minimum you need to know the name of the partitions you want to put Linux on.
Also, if you mess up and want to restart, just put the CD back in the drive and delete all the partitions and make them again.
I hope that was clear, if not please contact me. (Link at the bottom of the page to a form or email me at email@example.com.)
Part 2: Installing the main OS
To start out you need to install one "main" operating system. This is the only operating system you will allow to write the "Master Boot Record" (called the MBR from now on.) The MBR is a portion of your hard drive where your computer looks for a
"boot loader" to tell it where to go to boot an operating system. In this tutorial we will use GRUB. GRUB is a boot loader that comes with most Linux distributions by default.
I normally use Ubuntu, but any Linux that can install a GRUB boot loader (almost all of them) will work. The only thing you need to do differently is that you need to choose "Manual" (or "Custom" or something) when you get to the partitioning options.
Then you need to choose to install to the first of the ext3 partitions and choose mount point "/". You can let it format it if you want. Choose ext3 or, if that is not an option ext2 (or whatever the distro prefers, it will not matter a lot).
Part 3: Installing other OSs
This is going to be the same as installing the main OS, except for two things. The first is that you don't want to use the same partition, so just pick the next of the ext3 partitions each time, but still use the manual mode and stuff. The second difference is that you don't want it to write GRUB to the MBR. This varies from distribution to distribution and on a few distributions, you can't do it at all. Basically, make sure that at some point in the install process you will get a chance
to do one of the following:
The only better thing then installing GRUB to the same partition, is installing it to the same partition AND adding the OS to the existing GRUB automatically.
OK, so you got something installed, now what to do next:
If you were able to install GRUB to the same partition as the OS:
Go back into your main OS, and open a terminal window. As root (or in Ubuntu just add sudo to the beginning) type gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst. If you use KDE you will need to use kedit or another text editor instead. Now, go to the bottom of the file
and add (on a new line):
title the name of the new OS
root (hd0,partition number)
chainloader +1
The name of the OS can be anything, but I recommend just using, for example, "Ubuntu 7.04."
To get the correct partition number find the names of the partitions, that you wrote down. Take the number at the end of the name and subtract one. That should be it. For example, if the name of the partition was /dev/sda5, I would write "root
If you did not install a boot loader at all:
Go back into your main OS, and open a terminal window. As root (or in Ubuntu just add sudo to the beginning) type gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst. If you use KDE you will need to use kedit or another text editor instead. At the end of this file you need to
add some lines of text. In this case your best bet is to get someone who has the distro (both version and distro matter) installed normally to tell you what his/her entry(s) say.
I hope this works for you. If you need addition help, please contact me (firstname.lastname@example.com) or look for a forum.
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|Writers: Sujata Massey (1964 - , England)
|About the author
Sujata Massey taught English in Japan and worked as a reporter for the Baltimore Sun. She applied for and won the Malice Domestic Grant for Unpublished Writers, which allowed her to finish this beautifully crafted story of cross-cultural suspense.
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The funeral of the late Sen. Frank Lautenberg (D-N.J.) drew Vice President Biden, former secretary of state Hillary Rodham Clinton, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie and 41 members of the U.S. Senate to the Park Avenue Synagogue in New York City on Wednesday for what amounted to a lengthy and spirited celebration of the senator's life and public service.
While television cameras provided live coverage of the event, a choice few reporters attended as pool reporters, tracking not only the funeral's proceedings but some of the color not spotted on camera.
Print reporters received several feeds sent by Biden and Lautenberg's offices that were authored by Herb Jackson, the Washington correspondent for the Bergen Record, who covers the New Jersey congressional delegation and previously covered New Jersey state politics.
Below, peruse a few gems that only a genuine veteran state political reporter could ever provide.
Pool Report #1:
Local pool is upstairs in a holding room at the Park Avenue Synagogue — Lautenberg's wife's temple. Contrary to the name, the synagogue's address is 50 E. 87th Street and the entrance is on Madison Ave. ... Program's cover features as picture of Sen. Lautenberg holding a gavel, with his dates of birth (January 23, 1924) and death (June 3, 2013) underneath.
Inside cover contains a Lautenberg quote that is inscribed on a plaque on the exterior of the Lautenberg Post Office and Court House in Newark: "The True Measure of a Democracy is Its Dispensation of Justice."
Lautenberg has 4 children, 2 stepchildren, 13 grandchildren — all expected to attend today.
Pool Report #4:
As announcement is made for crowd to be seated, senator's widow, Bonnie, slides in next to Hillary Clinton for a quick hug and chat. Former Gov. Jim McGreevey spotted, as well as Mercer County Executive Brian Hughes.
Pool Report #5:
NJ Reps. Bill Pascrell, Frank Pallone and Rush Holt use final moments to pay respects to Lautenberg children, while Bonnie walks up to Governor Christie, who is seated on the aisle in the 6th row, next to McGreevey.
Following Christie's order for a special election to fill Lautenbergs' seat this fall, Holt and Pallone are two potential candidates. No sign of Newark Mayor Cory Booker.
VP Baden and wife Dr. Jill Baden [sic] appear to be the last people seated. Service begins at 1138.
(Editor's Note: A Booker spokesperson later said — and Jackson confirmed in a later pool report — that the mayor was in attendance. Also, Holt has indeed announced plans to run for Senate.)
Pool Report #6:
Rabbi Elliot Cosgrove opened the service describing Lautenberg as a "mensch through and through" who always had an "abiding awareness of his roots" in Paterson, NJ
"He came out fighting and he never stopped," Cosgrove said.
He said that while Lautenberg's commitment to women's issues came partly from the influence of strong women, but also his recollection "of the injustice of seeing his mother laid off following the war."
He also said Lautenberg had a [human] touch.
"His jokes were funny even on the second, third and fourth telling," Cosgrove said.
Pool Report #7:
Lautenberg's children said he had recently begun to regret announcing in February that he would retire and not seek another term, and discussed whether he could rescind it.
"On days that were good he would say I never should have made that retirement speech," daughter Ellen Lautenberg said.
They also joked about his attempts to speak foreign languages badly to waiters in restaurants. Daughter Nan Lautenberg Morgart joked talked about having opposing opinions from her father but the same trait of believing she was always right.
"We would argue and debate and dig in our heels and never bend," she said.
Pool Report #9:
[Brian] Stokes Mitchell's second song was Jersey boy Frank Sinatra's "My Way."
It brought to pooler's mind the 2000 NJ Legislative Correwpondents [sic] Dinner when Lautenberg, who had announced his retirement, was invited to do a song. After saying his mother used to call him the other Frankie singer fro, NJ, he did a rendition of "Making Whoopie" with Jerseyfied lyrics.
Pool Report #10:
Referring to the moving and funny speeches from the seantor's [sic] children and grandchildren that preceded her, Hillary Rodham Clinton said VPOTUS stopped her on her way to the altar to say "Good luck."
She said he would have loved the tributes
"I could see the casket vibrate," she said.
Clinton described sitting near Lautenberg on the Senate floor and his constant joking.
She also said he was committed to protecting children from toxic chemicals, [smoking] and drunken driving.
She recalled Lautenberg's commitment to women's rights, saying women in the Senate considered him an honorary member of their caucus.
Pool Report #11:
VPOTUS discussed Lautenberg's anguish over the decision announced in February to retire.
"It's not that he wanted to be a senator," Biden said as he looked at the senator's children, "but your dad never quit anything."
Like Clinton, Biden talked about the moving tributes from children and grandchildren, opening his remarks saying "If there's a definition of redundant, I'm it."
He looked at the family and said, "You are the definition of what it means to be successful."
The Fix's best state-based political reporters, 2013 edition


text:
Man arrested following Newquay stabbing
Posted: December 11, 2012|
A MAN has been arrested on suspicion of assault following a stabbing in Newquay last week.
The 57-year-old handed himself into the Newquay Police Station yesterday afternoon, where he remains in custody.
A man was left in a serious condition at around 1.25pm last Monday (December 3) after he was stabbed in the chest inside premises in the Mount Wise area.
The 48-year-old victim is believed to have staggered to Newquay Hospital where he received treatment before being airlifted to Derriford Hospital in Plymouth.
The weapon used in the attack has not yet been found.


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February is Heart Month and the 10th anniversary of the Go Red For Women movement. Undoubtedly thousands of lives have been saved because of Go Red, and still, heart disease is the #1 killer of women. With contributing factors like obesity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, we have the ability to reduce our risk for heart disease, if we're willing to make a few lifestyle changes. Losing weight, reducing sodium intake and eating less fatty foods are some key changes in the fight against heart disease. But when the 3rd day of Heart Month - Super Bowl Sunday - is the 2nd largest food consumption day in the U.S., well, the changes may be a challenge.
So I thought I'd share a few tips I've seen about how to makeover your Super Bowl party spread so it's a little more heart-healthy, while still being plenty taste-pleasing.
Startng with the ...
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With the nation coming apart, can Iowa stay together?
It might seem like a small concern compared to the fractures in Washington, but at times like these I worry about Iowa. I worry that our state will lose a special quality that might be called "Iowa-ness."
Iowa-ness is comity and common sense. It exists in the way people regard themselves as Iowans and feel a bond with fellow Iowans, no matter their politics. ...


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John Scheb
Professor and Head
Political Science
John Scheb can discuss American government, constitutional law, civil rights and liberties, administrative law, criminal law and procedure, the judicial process and law in American society. Scheb is proficient in survey research and also has served as a consultant to numerous government agencies, political candidates, corporations, attorneys, interest groups and other nongovernmental organizations. He is also faculty associate in the Howard Baker Center for Public Policy and has written and edited numerous books and articles for professional journals.
Expertise Categories: American Government | Law | Civil Rights | Judicial System
Contact Information
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: 865-974-2845
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WITTENBERG - Jaimee Pitt scored 18 points as the Amherst girls basketball team earned a 48-45 win over Wittenberg-Birnamwood in a battle of Central Wisconsin Conference-8 unbeatens on Tuesday.
Hannah Grawey hit a pair of free throws with five seconds left and a desperation shot from mid-court by the Chargers went off the glass and off the rim before bouncing out.
Pitt scored seven points in the second quarter as the Falcons outscored the Chargers 13-4 in the eight-minute period. ...


text:
Last night, over the airwaves, came a perfect moment in rom-com history. It was the episode of The Mindy Project titled "The One That Got Away," guest starring Seth Rogen, and it was so bloody marvelous (I'm sorry, I get a little Hugh Grant-y when I'm worked up) that I'm going to waive our site's strict Seattle-centricism.
Actually, if I subscribed to any ratings service, I'd be curious as to whether Seattle isn't a big fan of Mindy Kaling already (we're quirky — look at us, number one with a under-butler's bullet in watching Downton Abbey), and besides she and Northwesterner-who-got-away Rainn Wilson tweet all the time. She's even tweeted to "us"-ish:
#themindyproject starts in 15, West Coast! I'm looking at you, Washington, Oregon & California. Nevada I'm scared of a little but pls watch!
— Mindy Kaling (@mindykaling) February 27, 2013
So there's a case for an honorary Seattleite standing you could make.
But back to "The One That Got Away." I have to backtrack a little to explain why it's stayed with me (a whole day later, yes, but some shows I forget I'm watching while they're on). The first thing that the still-too-few who have watched The Mindy Project discover is that Kaling is wickedly funny. This is a show that can embarrassing to watch because you yelp so loudly with laughter that your roommate may peer out to check on you.
Last night, Rogen supplied that line during a quiet and tender moment that made you feel a little like you were eavesdropping. Reminded that they hadn't seen each other since sleepaway camp years before, he asked: "You ever get your period? That was a big thing last time we talked." (Vulture has all the good lines for you.)
But it's also a show that's still finding its feet — cast members come and go, and there's an eerie one-to-one relationship developing between character types on Mindy's show and her former Office-mates: Morgan/Dwight, Beverly/Creed. Of late, we've seen more of Mindy's ostensible profession, obstetrics, creep into the show, rather than act as a kind of cut-out doll "job" apparel. Happily, it's often used to score a point simply by giving the show a chance to mention women's health, which is more and more a political act.
The creation of Mindy Lahiri, though, more than makes up for any birthing pains. Certain characters embody something specific about their time — think of Andy Sipowicz or Buffy. Mindy is like that. She's grown up on rom-com, as the show's mythology has it, but unlike Radiohead, she still believes that two people who are not right for many, many other people can find each other.
And though she's funny and can smile warmly, it's just as often to be a prelude to a putdown. She has a mind and a tongue that operate in advance of courtesy, and she only occasionally opens up enough to let you know more about what's happening in her head. It's often not a cuddly thought. In the image above, the punchline is: "It's a tier."
Everything that The Atlantic bemoans about the lot of women today finds itself pinging around inside of Mindy — she's a professional woman who intends to remain a successful professional, who would like a relationship with the right person, but who also can't give herself completely over to that pursuit, in the event that any pursuing is required. Still, as Woody has told us, the heart and other organs want what they want.
What can we hope for? In "The One That Got Away," Mindy Lahiri is reunited briefly (thanks, Facebook!) with Sam, a long-ago acquaintance from Camp Takanac — her protective parents had grudgingly acceded to her sleepaway camp demand by placing her in the "gentle hands of the Jews of the Berkshires." Rogen appears as Sam-today, a soldier on leave from the Army — about to be deployed again, Mindy learns, to her chagrin.
The two get along famously in a thousand little ways, they see a Nora Ephron double-feature, and the story gently unspools with the screwball contained to what-ifs: What if Mindy got Sam out of service through some scheme? What if a giraffe licked their ice cream cone?
But other than a defenestration (helpfully defined in the show), nothing seems likely to stop Sam from rejoining his outfit. He explains to Mindy that, anyway, he wants to go. He believes he's doing something worthwhile, like her. It's bittersweet, but it's an earned bittersweet because the episode takes the time to show you how they bonded in a short time (thanks in part to Mindy's stuffed bear — again, see the Vulture recap), and reins in the wisecracks and wacky coworkers.
Almost no one takes that kind of easy-going time anymore — TV shows, first-daters — and it was particularly bold of Kaling to take her foot off the laugh-pedal since the show has been "on the bubble" (with viewership low enough that a second season is not a lock yet). But it reminded me of something else that TV can do besides make you laugh liquids through your nose, which is to adopt someone into that space you reserve for family.


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In the war on funky footwear, the no-show sock is as powerful ally—but a flimsy, slippery pair can be worse than going sockless. These high-tech loafer liners were designed to hold their ground: against slippage, odor, and the aches of a lengthy journey. A trifecta of cushion, ventilation, and InvisiGrip linings help them stay put, and stay dry, no matter how far they take you.
I live in South Florida and so tube socks or even ankle socks are simply out of the question for me. It's so stinking hot...
I am one of those people that actually thinks they were the first person to wear the "no-sock" look. I would basically roll down regular socks until they were barely on my feet and try to tough it out.
Glad to see fashion has caught up to my needs! ;D
I ordered 6 pairs of these socks based on a recommendation from a coworker - plus I had a 20% coupon -
I have a drawer of no show socks since I have to wear them to work everyday -
Needless to say I've tried most of what's out there -
TOMMY JOHN's socks ROCK -
I'm a convert - they do what they profess - they actually stay on your heel and don't fall off throughout the day -
I recommend these to anyone who wears no show socks - great stocking stuffer or fun thank you gift for a good deed!


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Shiny Valentine Card
Source: Babycenter Community
Mom Rating
Ages: Baby
In: Holidays , Arts & Crafts
Red and/or pink construction paper
Aluminum foil
Glue stick
Cut construction paper into a rectangle and fold in half to make a card.
Cut a heart out of aluminum foil. The easiest way is to fold a small piece of foil in half and then cut out half the heart along the fold.
Glue a heart to the front of the card. Gently smooth out the aluminum.
Write a nice Valentine message in your great card.
(from their website)
Similar activities:Valentine Box, Valentine Bracelets, A Wearable Valentine, Shiny Wreath, Valentine Candy Patterns, Valentine's Box, Valentine Hat, Valentine Cookies, Valentine Desserts, Valentine Rap, The Valentine And Game, Valentine Breakfast, Valentine Dinner, Valentines Envelopes, Peekaboo Valentine
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I'll be gone for the weekend (camping!), but I have to ask.Does clothing count as carried weight? Why or why not? This came up in a pants thread, where some zip-off users said there was no noticeable difference from clothing, and ounces saved there didn't matter. I found this surprising coming from people who I pictured cutting margins off maps and handles off toothbrushes.So, when you count your pack weight, do you go skin-out? Or can you neglect ounces in favor of luxuries like convertible pants and extra pockets since there's no difference? Interested to hear both sides,Max
you're still carrying it, eh?Unless it's a kilt. in that case maybe you get a little free lift from the breezes bellowing up inside there?
Sarongs are coming back. Mark my words.
If I'm wearing it, then in my mind I don't count it.But I still wear boots so what do I know? (But I wear them everyday so I notice no difference when I'm walking)Pockets aren't luxuries either
Edited by Shadow-MKII on 04/12/2013 06:05:33 MDT.
Full Skin Out is reality. You are actually carrying everything no matter how you want to try and fool yourself.Base weight is for those people who are trying to hit an arbitrary number sometimes. "I can have a 5 pound base weight if I carry my camera, multi tool, knife, firesteel,zip off legs in my pockets." Also known as cheaters.I hike slower in boots, 'cause they are heavier. If you were wearing 20 pounds of clothes and gear. Would you not feel heavier and slower than if you were wearing 5 pounds?my 2 cents. I only answered because you asked. I never have this dicussion with the people I hike with. We take the gear needed to be safe and have a good time. I don't weigh my pack before a trip much these days. All of my gear is lightweight. So a combination of my gear should always be lightweight as long as I don't get carried away with extras. Food and drink weigh as much as the gear.Too many here are overweight. I've got a 15-20 pound base weight to cut from myself. That change will result in all physical exertion being easier. plus smaller clothes weigh less.
The reality is that you need to have some things for what you are doing, so you have to carry them. If we didn't need anything, we woudldn't have to carry anything.So, if you need heavier clothes to stay warm, or to resist brush tearing, or to keep the sun, wind, or rain off of you, or if you need pockets which add an ounce or three, then you have to carry them. Just like if you need a heavier sleeping bag, or a heavier winter coat, or whatever.The manufacturers' tags and handles on toothbrushes, as examples, are things which are NOT needed for function, and that is why they get cut off.There is a difference between useful weight, and just plain dead weight. If we didn't need anything, we could hike naked.
Edited by towaly on 04/12/2013 06:52:23 MDT.
I think your asking the wrong question. Counts implies there is some kind of contest and that seemed like where the other thread was headed. What really matters is how does the weight affect your ability to hike.I would argue worn clothes affect your ability to hike less that the same clothes in the pack.To me the baseweight definition is used to make comarison of packs easier because it takes out a lot of variables. Some people take it to far and assume there is some king of magical set of rules that cant be broken.
I don't count base clothing. you don't notice the clothes you wear around every day do you? do you go oh man this tshirt is heavy.. i DO notice shoe weight and use trail runners for lightness and for knee comfort. but those are extra pounds difference. I don't nitpick my shoe weight though, my Solomons fit me and that is important. hell i wanted non water proof but the same model does not fit me as well. not sure why but i deal with it
I agree that it depends.When I was on a cycling team waaaay back in college we used to spend a lot money buying lighter components so we didn't have to "carry" all that extra weight up a hill. Our coach reminded us it would make a much bigger difference to lose 20 pounds off our butts than to chop 8 ounces off the seat post.So....I agree that things like heavy boots will matter more because you are constantly lifting your foot and putting it down over the course of the hike, but other than that, as far as how heavy your pants are if they have a zipper or not...how much are you sweating? Did you poop? Did you hydrate very well? How much sweat is in your clothes? Did you eat a lot of salt in that last meal and are retaining water? All those things will add a lot of ounces to your skin out/skin in weight, so I'm not sure how THAT would really matter in the grander scheme of hiking. Drop 15 pounds from your stomach and butt. That will make a WAY bigger difference than whether or not you have zippers and pockets on your pants.
If it always stays on my body, then I don't count it. Anything that I wear that is also in my pack part of the time gets counted in base weight. Anything that I carry on my body besides the aforementioned clothing is also counted. I also never got into trimming labels or map margins. The weight savings, for me at least, was so negligible that I don't bother. Heresy, I know.
Everything gets weighed, full skin-out. Otherwise you're just fooling yourself.However, when having a gear discussion, different methods may be more useful. If you're talking about how a particular pack compares to another, the weight of your shoes and underwear is a moot point.I think the key to answering your question lies in the context of what is being discussed. In the other thread it was about zip-off pants. I tackle that question the way I do with any other multi-use item: Does the multi-use item weigh more or less than the items it replaces. Also, will it make my life easier or more difficult.I agree that factoring in time lost to adjusting clothing layers is nearly pointless. That seemed like a red-herring argument if I ever heard one.Gotta go to work now!
What are you trying to get out of your UL experience? I'm trying to maximize how my kit functions without carrying unnecessary garbage. I'm also willing to make concessions on certain pieces of gear because I like the way they function (eg I don't want to collect wood for a stove so I'll carry Esbit or a canister for example.) To me, if I'm using my convertible pants to their full utility and they don't weigh more than what I wear every day then I don't see the big deal. If I wasn't using the pockets then swapping these pants for wind pants or running shorts would be a no brainer. To be honest, I'll probably try it out for comparison. I've read the books which explain the biomechanics of hiking boots vs trail runners so it's reasonable to assume that a heavier garment will play into this as well but this is a HYOH thing in my book.
Edited by IDBLOOM on 04/12/2013 09:06:45 MDT.
International lightweight gear competitions use skin-out weight as the standard.If they didn't you might have a guy with a 1 pound pack wearing 8 layers of "clothing".
To clarify: I DO look at a garment's weight and function before buying it, especially specialized pieces such as rain gear. That's a given. Considering that I've worn pants every day for the past 30 years, I can be sure that my hiking pants aren't going to be noticeably heavier in the least. I'm simply not going to be suddenly bogged down by "heavy" pants as soon as I step onto the trail.Just my opinion.
Haha, if you're wearing a giant, heavy woolen pea coat and double thick Carharrt cotton jeans, yeah you might want to count on skin weight, but generally speaking for me the only on skin weight i even bother considering is footwear! Besides, light and UL backpacking to me, is more about comfort, principles of simplicity and efficiency, and reducing chance of injury, rather than racing as fast as one can to some kind of perceived (and quite illusionary) finish line in a certain grand time. The ego needs the latter, and those overly enmeshed in the ego do as well, but the more mature of us just like being out in nature. Granted there are times where it might be important and prudent to speed up, even for the more mature, and i'm sure lightweight on skin clothes can help a bit in that.
"If we didn't need anything, we woudldn't have to carry anything." Well, that's my eventual plan and goal to work towards, ala Jesus style. Sometimes you gotta believe, before you can achieve. ; ) And then we can truly call it backpacking Light....
Edited by ArcturusBear on 04/12/2013 09:46:25 MDT.
I don't count my tent or sleeping bag. I only use them at night so why count them during the day?
"I don't count my tent or sleeping bag. I only use them at night so why count them during the day?" Genius! Why didn't i think of that...after all, one could just simply wear their tent and sleeping bag whilst hiking, no...???
Out of sight, out of mind. I don't see my pack while wearing it. I'm going to stop counting it then. With all the contents of course.
I've decided to only hike at high altitude. The air is simply too heavy near sea level.
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Notebook: Uthoff decision looming, McKay to MU
Chris Williams
By Chris Williams, CycloneFanatic.com PublisherFollow Chris on Twitter @ChrisMWilliams
Considering the time of year, this past weekend was a fairly eventful one when it comes to Iowa State basketball recruiting. It wasn't full of positives either...Here are a few notes to start you off on a Monday morning.
UTHOFF DOWN TO TWO: Wisconsin transfer Jarrod Uthoff is either going to be a Hawkeye or a Cyclone.
The Cedar Rapids Gazette reported this news on Saturday.
Regardless of where Uthoff goes, he'll have to sit out the 2012-13 season and will lose a year of eligibility as he redshirted last season at Wisconsin. If attends to Iowa State, college will be free. If Uthoff chooses to play even closer to home in Iowa City, he'd then have to pay his own way next year and would likely be on scholarship for the 2013-14 season.
Based off of what I've been hearing for the past couple of weeks, I'll be surprised if Uthoff ends up being a Cyclone. At the same time, this is basketball recruiting and anything can happen. But in this game, the Cyclones are down by 10 with a minute to play.
Stay tuned because this one could go down any day now.
JAMEEL MCKAY: Iowa State missed out on one of its top 2013 targets this weekend as Indian Hills C.C. forward Jameel McKay committed to Marquette.
McKay, who averaged 14.6 points per game last season, is originally from Milwaukee so this news isn't earth-shattering by any means.
WHAT'S NEXT: Iowa State will host two visitors next weekend in Dorian Finney-Smith and Monte Morris.
With a scholarship still to give out for next season and the current pond of prospects not being very deep in the class of 2012, Virginia Tech transfer Dorian Finney-Smith might be Iowa State's last chance to fill that spot. He'd be a heck of a get as well, considering many believe Finney-Smith is a future pro.
Morris is a 2013 Flint, (Mich.) point guard who claims offers from other high-major programs such as: Iowa State, Arizona State, Cincinnati, Georgia Tech, USC and Providence.


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In Hickman County
A 7-year-old is charged with murder and a 39-year-old woman with complicity to commit murder in the stabbing death of her live-in boyfriend. 62-year-old Robert Sanders died Monday night at his residence.
The Fulton County coroner says Sanders had a knife wound to his upper left chest. After several hours of questioning the child and Teresa Sanders were charged. She is in the county jail and the boy was taken to the McCracken County Juvenile Detention Center.
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text: Veteran journalist Marisa Sandora has been appointed Editor In Chief of Girls' World. Sandora was most recently the Executive Editor for Wainscot Media's Health & Life magazines, regional lifestyle publications targeted to affluent residents in the New York metropolitan area. Prior to that, she was an editor at several Bauer teen publications, including Twist, M, QuizFest, AstroGirl and Yikes. During her tenure as Executive Editor of M, she helped create an all-quiz special issue called QuizFest, later serving as Editor In Chief of the popular quarterly publication. While at QuizFest, she created the blooper-filled Yikes magazine for the company. Sandora has held editorial positions at Ladies' Home Journal and People and earned a bachelor's degree in journalism from Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism. She lives in New Jersey with her husband and two daughters—who serve as her own personal focus group.


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Today we caught word of a few brief but interesting developments... for starters, Scream|CT has finally committed his GameCube DVD block driver code on CVS for the dev'ers out there! In its current form, it allows raw access to original GameCube disks.
Secondly, we received word that DS Loader Menu V1.00 by Costis is currently under development. Many in the GC scene who know him also know of his firm anti-warez stance, however, we're assured this utility is only being developed for exploration and educational purposes.
Finally, expect some GC Mod-Chip Reviews to come over the next 1-2 weeks here as kizman is reviewing a Qoob Mod-Chip for us, and Rook is also reviewing a Ninja Mod Chip courtesy of DBZLuisD. Cool stuff!


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Currently the food shelf cookbook can only be access if using Internet Explorer 9, Chrome, Fire Fox or Apple
WIC Meal of the Month
Peanut Butter Balls
1 Can (15 oz) great northern beans, drained and rinsed
1/3 C honey
1 Tbs. vanilla
1 1/4 C peanut butter
1 1/2 quick cooking oats
1. Mash beans with fork until smooth
2. Add honey and vanilla, stir
3. Ad peanut butter. stir until blended
4. Stir in oatmeal
5. Using a tablespoon, scoop up some of the mixture & shape into balls (makes about 50)
6. Refrigerate leftovers in airtight container
MISSION STATEMENT: "To improve the quality of life by providing resources and services within our communities".
NWCSA as a community-based organization is dedicated to the betterment of life of the low-income residents in its SDA. Wide arrays of programs are offered by way of assistance to alleviate the needs of the disadvantaged. The programs administered by NWCSA include Energy Assistance, Homeless Programs & Services, Food Pantries, TEFAP, WIC, Judicare, RSVP, Free Store, Emergency Assistance, Rental Rehab and others.
The ongoing mission is to identify, demonstrate, support, strengthen and enrich the quality of life for low income individuals and their communities and to enable low income individuals of all ages to attain the skills, knowledge and motivation that are needed to become self-sufficient.


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Child witches and LGBTQ youth
his Halloween many American children will dress up as witches. And we'll hear their laughter and see their smiles as they joyfully go from door-to-door trick-or-treating.
But in some places across the globe children would never pretend to be witches because the consequences are not only dire but they can also be deadly.
For example, Nine-year-old Nwanaokwo Edet of Nigeria was accused of being a witch by the family pastor. Nwanaokwo's father forced acid down his throat as an exorcism, burning away his face and eyes. Nwanaokwo died a month later.
Eight-year-old Shilua Salifu of Ghana now lives with her grandmother after being accused of being a witch. Shilua's mother tired to saw off the top of her skull to let the demons fly away.
Organizations like the United Nations Children's Fund, Africa Unite Against Child Abuse, and Save the Children have stepped in where they could to stop the witch-hunt. But the phenomenon of "witch children†is so widespread throughout Africa these organizations have set up "witch camps†as shelters for children who cannot be safely place with a relative like Shilua.
Throughout history, people described as witches have been tortured, persecuted, and even murdered. And it is usually society's most vulnerable who are targeted.
The rapid growth of Evangelical Christianity throughout African, however, has exploited the problem. With these churches in competition for parishioners, some clerics establish their unique godly credentials by claiming to have special powers in recognizing and exorcising these " child witches.â€
The role religion has played in witch hunts is not new, always to targeting children, the most defendless, before targeting marginalized adults.
For example, the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.
This haunting history of the Puritan's execution of innocent women, and certain men, is a window into how their religious fanaticism, misogyny, and homophobia destroyed not only the moral fiber of their town, but how it also decimated its own Christian zeal all to become a "city on the hill."
Clerics' sanctioning of Exodus 22:18 "Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live,"
not only gave men biblical legitimacy to control women, but it also gave them a legal license to kill them.
Homosocial circles of women threatened the Puritan's paradigm of male dominance, giving rise to the charges of witchcraft, because of the theological belief that women ought not be in the company of each other without the presence of a man. And without the presence of a man, of course, women could not help but engage in sorcery, paganism, and lesbianism.
While today new light is being shed on the Salem Witch Trials little is still known about the first women accused of witchcraft that sparked the trials – Tituba, a black slave.
As the house slave of the Rev. Samuel Parris, minister of Salem Village, Parris' daughter and her cousin accused Tituba of witchcraft. Allegedly, while assisting Tituba in preparing a "witch cake, " the girls experienced unexplained "fits" and "symptoms."
Forced to confess that she was a witch, Tituba was known throughout Salem to tell tales from her African folklore tradition that both frightened and fascinated children and adults alike, stories later seen as evidence of her personal witchcraft.
"Hell Houses†are today's contemporary form of witch-hunting. Created in the late 1970's by fundamentalist pastor, the Rev. Jerry Falwell, "hell houses' are religious alternatives to traditional haunted houses. They are tours given by evangelical churches across the country design to scare people away from sin. And one of those sins is homosexuality.
In 2006 the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (NGLTF) put out a report titled "Homophobia at 'Hell House': Literally Demonizing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Youth" explaining how hell houses specifically targets youth.
"Instead of spooking youth with ghosts and monsters, Hell House tour guides direct them through rooms where violent scenes of damnation for a variety of "sins" are performed, including scenes where a teenage lesbian is brought to hell after committing suicide and a gay man dying of AIDS is taunted by a demon who screams that the man will be separated from God forever in hell," the NGLTF stated.
A study published in the Journal of Psychology stated that a strong belief in Satan is directly related to intolerance of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people.
Religious leaders who support Hell Houses believe that by scaring LGBTQ youth into "heterosexual†behavior they are saving their souls. However, the message that "homosexuals†are going to hell can have a deleterious impact on our youth. For example the NGLTF report tells the story of Bobby Griffith, a gay teen who wrote in his journal that he was afraid he was going to hell and committed suicide.
Witch-hunts have always created moral panic, mass hysteria, and public lynching of society's most vulnerable and marginalized.
This Halloween, as I think of the children in African and of LGBTQ children here at home, I am reminded of our present and past witch-hunts.


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Trombitas, Louise Ann
Louise Ann Trombitas, 84, of Galesburg, formerly of New York, died at 3:22 a.m. Thursday, March 27, 2014 at home with her family by her side.Louise was born November 13, 1929 in Chicago, the daughter of Anthony and Bertha (Becvar) Sunlitis. She married Joseph Trombitis on January 21, 1967 in New York, NY. He preceded her in death on August 27, 1998. Those left to cherish the Memory of Louise are two daughters, Toni (Tom) Sleight of Logan, UT and Sandra Brown of Galesburg; one step daughter, Anne Weigand of New York, NY; one step son, Ronald (Laura) Trombitas of New York, NY; one brother, Anthony (Marie) Sunlitis of Buffalo, MN; six grandchildren, Angie (Scott) Benson of Knoxville, Ralph (Andrea) Haga, III of Galva, Dan (Christine) Kelley of Texas, Eileen (Lyle) Beck of Washington, Anne (Shane) Webb of Utah, and Paul (Janice) Kelley of New York; and 16 great grandchildren. She was also preceded in death by one brother.
Louise worked for the United States Postal Service in New York for many years. Louise was a member of Immaculate Heart of Mary Catholic Church, the Ladies of Mary, and an auxiliary member of the Legion of Mary. Louise loved to read and enjoyed completing crossword puzzles. But most of all, Louise adored her family and truly loved being surrounded by them.
Funeral Mass will be 10 a.m. Tuesday, April 1, 2014 at Immaculate Heart of Mary Catholic Church. Rev. Msgr. Ernest Pizzamiglio will officiate. A celebration of Louise's life will follow at the Thomas Legacy Center at Watson-Thomas Funeral Home and Crematory. Visitation will be 6 to 8 p.m. Monday, March 31, 2014 at Watson-Thomas Funeral Home, Galesburg. The rosary will be prayed at 8 p.m. Cremation rites will be accorded following services. Burial of cremated remains will be at a later date in Mount St. Mary's Cemetery, Flushing, NY. Memorials may be made in Louise's memory to OSF Hospice or Immaculate Heart of Mary Church.


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Kerala Tours offers trips to Devikulam, a wonderful hill station that stands at a height of 1000 meters above sea level. One of the most popular hill stations of Kerala, Devikulam is truly a place worth visiting during your Kerala sojourn. In fact, Devikulam also has its own share of legends and tales that go a long way in defining its character. It is said that Sita, the wife of Lord Rama had once come to bathe in the lake at Devikulam thus giving the place its name, which can be literally translated as the "pond of the Devi".
A perfect way to revel in the lap of nature, our Devikulam Hill Tours offer you a vacation you would like to relive all throughout your life. One can even say that nature could not have been more benevolent towards Devikulam as it has blessed this hill resort with a paradisiacal beauty that simply enchants every soul. Sightseeing at Devikulam can include trips to the sacred Sita Devi Lake, the Pallivasal Falls that are located nearby, the lush green tea plantations and so on. In fact, the Sita Devi Lake is said to have medicinal properties thus attracting many tourists.
Adventure seekers can also have a great time as Devikulam offers great scope for treks, hikes and trout fishing As you take in the aroma of the fresh hill herbs during your trek along the hills, just lose yourself in the beauty of Devikulam that soothes you to the very core of your being. The famous Chinar Wildlife Sanctuary is only 50 km away and is easily accessible by road. Surely, a vacation to the hills could never be better.
Be a part of the magical Devikulam experience with our customized Devikulam Hill Tours. For more information or to make a booking, please fill up the form given below.
Kerala Hotels
A golden opportunity to explore backwatersand best available conduit to tourists.
Holiday Heaven
Feel the presence of divine, exotic wildlifesanctuaries and adventure tours.
Tranquil ride on Houseboats
Beauty of the Kerala countryside onHouseboat cruises at Backwaters.
Kerala - A Green Paradise
Land of red earth, green vegetation, palmtrees, beaches and rippling waves.
God's Own Country
Enjoy a sunny holiday on the goldenbeaches of Kerala with Kerala Travel.
Land of Pristine Natural Beauty
Offering you joyous and stress relievingtour to Fascinating Kerala Backwaters.


text:
Despite solid numbers, analysts cautious about Boeing
Kimberly Adams
Oct 21, 2015 A slowdown in the defense sector is offset by commercial sales, for now.
What happens when 1 billion Chinese start to fly?
Tracey Samuelson
Sep 23, 2015 Boeing moves to challenge Airbus in China's burgeoning aviation market.
Airbus-patented jet able to fly more than 3,000 miles per hour
Kai Ryssdal
Aug 4, 2015 You'll be able to get from London to New York in that hour.
A Boeing 747 pilot writes a love letter to flight
Kai Ryssdal
Interview by
Produced by
Jun 2, 2015 Chatting with Mark Vanhoenacker about his book "Skyfaring: A Journey With a Pilot"
When horses fly
Gigi Douban
Jun 2, 2015 Leg room costs extra on flights, whether you have two feet or four.
Cheaper fuel, cheaper flights. But not for you.
Sabri Ben-Achour
May 25, 2015 Continued low oil prices mean airlines are saving billions of dollars.
How to catch a flash sale before it's over
Eliza Mills
Story By
Interview by
Apr 17, 2015 Slow and steady doesn't always win the race.
Expedia buys Orbitz – what it means for you.
Nancy Marshall-Genzer
Feb 12, 2015 With more control, Expedia may have more clout with airlines.
The effect of cheap oil on the jet-making industry
Adam Allington
Jan 13, 2015 Downward oil-price trend may not bode well for biggest customers of jet manufacturers.
Airlines use illusion to make coach seem more spacious
Sam Harnett
Dec 26, 2014 Airlines are trying to change your perception of cramped seating in coach by creating the impression of more room with larger video screens and new headrests.


text:
HAZARD, Ky. (WYMT) The Eastern Kentucky region has relied on the coal industry for decades.
But with stricter guidelines and fewer jobs, many are looking elsewhere for a paycheck.
The turnout at Tuesday's manufacturing job fair through the Hiring Our Miners Everyday (H.O.M.E.) Program speaks volumes.
Coal miners in Eastern Kentucky like Lowell Sanders are struggling.
"The only thing a person can do is get a minimum wage job, which I'm working now, but it doesn't work anything out," Sanders said.
After searching for two years, Sanders is now looking toward the manufacturing industry.
"It's job security. There's always stuff being manufactured and bought," Sanders added.
It's a trend many, like Sanders, are making as the coal industry continues to decline; showing up to job fairs hoping to land something with one of the state's top manufactures.
"I do think there has to be a sector in our region for mass employment. We can't just go completely entrepreneurial; we can't go completely to farms. We can't go to these things that employ small numbers of people. We need a mass employer," H.O.M.E. Spokesman Michael Cornett said.
Cornett says making the transition from coal into manufacturing is easier than you think.
"[Coal miners] are used to having to think on their feet, having to think on the fly with a lot of ingenuity and really a lot of intellect and people should really give them more credit than they do for that," Cornett added.
For companies that take online applications, the Job Sight also has computers that job seekers can use to apply online.
The H.O.M.E. Program will be holding their next job fair with Patriot Coal on January 7th, 2014. For more information, just click the link below.


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Plan Your Visit
NPS Photo
Facility Opening/Closing Schedule
Shenandoah National Park's website can be the start of something fantastic. Use these pages and links to plan the perfect Blue Ridge Mountain getaway.
Shenandoah National Park is 105 miles long stretching from Front Royal, Virginia to the Waynesboro-Charlottesville area. Skyline Drive is the scenic roadway that takes you through the park. There are four entrances (and exits) from the park. Start by finding your best route to the park in Directions.
Then, find out what there is to see (Places to Go) and do (Things to Do) once you're here. We hope you'll stay awhile, so check on Lodging to book a room, or Camping to book a campsite.
From planning your hike to Shenandoah's highest peak, to checking on evening entertainment, the only thing you can't plan is where to see that bear or deer - that will have to be a surprise!


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More Use of Medical Assistants Can Benefit Primary Care-- Jeff Muise
Wednesday, November 11, 2009
WEDNESDAY, Nov. 11 (HealthDay News) -- Expanded use of lower level clinical personnel, such as medical assistants (MAs), in primary care can enhance patient care but only if the clinical personnel are trained and integrated into the practice culture, according to a pair of studies in the November/December issue of the Annals of Family Medicine.
In one study, Robert L. Ferrer, M.D., of the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and colleagues conducted a study in which 864 patients were screened by MAs for smoking, drinking, inactivity and unhealthy diet, then sent on to their primary care clinician either with or without the MA's assessment. Patients whose MA assessments were sent on were referred to intervention programs more than those whose assessments were not sent on (67.4 versus 21.8 percent). However, the success rates for improved behaviors were judged similar (21.7 versus 16.9 percent).
In another study, Jochen Gensichen, M.D., of Friedrich-Schiller-University in Jena, Germany, and colleagues interviewed 26 health care assistants (HCAs) who monitored patients with depression by telephone. A majority of HCAs said their patient interactions provided personal and professional satisfaction and interested them in improving patient-communication skills. On the downside, the HCAs cited the stresses of interacting with depressed patients and their increased workload.
"Engaging more primary care team members to address risk behaviors improved referral rates. More extensive medical assistant training, changes in practice culture, and sustained behavioral interventions will be necessary to improve risk behavior outcomes," Ferrer and colleagues conclude.
Abstract - Ferrer
Full Text
Abstract - Gensichen
Full Text
Diabetes & Endocrinology
Internal Medicine
Family Practice
Copyright © 2009 ScoutNews, LLC. All rights reserved.
How Can I Help My Friend Going Through Cancer Treatment?by OncoLink Editorial Team
September 05, 2014
7 Tips for Giving Smart on #givingtuesdayby Christina Bach, MSW, LCSW, OSW-C
November 25, 2015


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Going through college hockey withdrawl during the holiday season? The Minnesota Duluth men ALUMNI have a game at 9:15 p.m. Wednesday at the DECC. Assistant coach and former UMD captain Brett Larson has put together the second annual event; last year about 25 alums took part.
Hockey-playing alums are reminded they can change into their gear for the game in the UMD varsity locker room.
After the game there will be extensive sauna time and extensive story telling. Larson reports that the Bulldog hockey staff now has an alumni contact list of about 180 former players. Alums looking to make contact about Wednesday's game or just to say hello can e-mail Larson at firstname.lastname@example.com
Are fans allowed at Wednesday's game? Don't think they'd turn anyone away. Afterall, athletes enjoy playing to a crowd.
ALSO, didn't think there were any Division I men's polls this week because of limited play last week and the holidays, BUT, USA Today-USA Hockey Magazine did have a coaches poll. Here it is:
U.S. Today-USA Hockey Magazine, Division I Men
1 Miami of Ohio 13-2-5
2 Denver 11-5-2
3 Colorado College 11-4-3
4 Cornell 7-2-2
5 Boston College 10-3-2
6 North Dakota 9-6-3
7 Wisconsin 11-5-2
8 Yale 7-3-2
9 Bemidji State 13-4-1
10 Quinnipiac 13-3-1
11 Ferris State 13-3-2
12 Mass.-Lowell 10-6-1
13 Michigan State 12-6-2
14 Minnesota Duluth 11-6-1
15 Massachusetts 10-5-0
Others Receiving Votes: New Hampshire, Michigan, Alaska-Fairbanks, St. Cloud State, Union, RIT


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Hey, i thought instead of starting a new thread ill reply yours. Just received a pair of Thavar 888P and i am not that convinced of them. But since the most of you are and this wash isnt that easy to get anymore, i wanted to ask you first, before i return them. Its size 34/34 I also took pics. Price will be 168€ + Shipping (ships from Germany) I hope, i can make anyone happy^^ If no ones interested, i gonna return that pair after the weekend.
9/13/12 at 9:44am


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Intercepting Prisoner Communications
|Note: This article reprinted with permission from Alameda County District Attorney's Office.
"Indeed, in the jailhouse the age-old truism still obtains: "Walls have ears."1
For various reasons, officers may want to intercept communications between a prisoner and another person, such as a visitor or a fellow inmate. The most common objectives are to obtain information about plans to escape or smuggle contraband, learn about plans to intimidate or kill witnesses, and obtain incriminating information concerning a crime under investigation.
In this article, we will discuss the admissibility of confessions and other information obtained as the result of the warrantless interception and recording of prisoner communications.2 Specifically, we will explain when officers may intercept conversations between a prisoner and a visitor without a warrant, intercept a prisoner's telephone conversations and mail, and search a prisoner's cell. We will also explain the impact of Miranda and the Sixth Amendment right to counsel on such operations.
At the outset, it is important to remember it is never permissible to intercept a privileged communication between a prisoner and his or her attorney. In fact, the interception of such communication constitutes a felony.3
Conversations with Visitors
Conversations between prisoners and visitors that occur in a jail or police station may be intercepted without court authorization or consent. This is because prisoners and visitors in such facilities cannot reasonably expect their conversations to be private.4 As the United States Supreme Court observed in Lanza v. New York, "It is obvious that a jail shares none of the attributes of privacy of a home, an automobile, an office, or a hotel room. In prison, official surveillance has traditionally been the order of the day."5
In discussing this language, the California Supreme Court noted that federal courts "have consistently followed Lanza and upheld admission of monitored conversations in jails or police stations.
1 Ahmad A. v. Superior Court (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 528, 536.
2 NOTE: If it is lawful to intercept a prisoner's conversation, it is lawful to record it. See U.S. v. Cheely (D.Alaska 1992) 814 F.Supp.1430, 1441. Also see People v. Siripongs (1988) 45 Cal.3d 548, 564.
3 See Penal Code '636; North v. Superior Court (1972) 8 Cal.3d 301, 309; Lanza v. New York (1962) 370 US 139, 144.
4 NOTE: If a jailhouse conversation is admissible against a prisoner it will probably be admissible against the visitor because the public knows, or should know, that prisoner-visitor conversations may be monitored. See U.S. v. Willoughby (2nd Cir. 1988) 860 F. 2d 15; U.S. v. Sababu (7th Cir. 1989) 891 F.2d 1308, 1329; U.S. v. Cheely (D-Alaska 1992) 814 f.Supp.1430, 1439.
5 (1962) 370 US 139, 143. Also see People v. Hammons (1991) 235 Cal.App.3d 1710, 1715; U.S. v. Amen (2nd Cir. 1987) 831 F.2d 373, 379-80.
It still appears to be good law that so far as the Fourth Amendment is concerned, jail officials are free to intercept conversations between prisoner and a visitor. [&] [N]o federal case has repudiated the Lanza dictum or excluded a jail or police station conversation from evidence."6
Even though prisoner-visitor conversations are not regarded as private, if a motion to suppress is filed it is usually a good idea to review a tape of the conversation for comments indicating the parties were aware or suspected the conversation would be monitored. Such comments should then be brought to the attention of the court as additional proof that the parties did not reasonably expect privacy. For example, in denying motions to suppress prisoner conversations, the courts have noted the following:
During a conversation between a prisoner and his wife over a telephone intercom, the prisoner said, "Careful, they've got these phones bugged."7
During a conversation between a prisoner and his brother, the prisoner wrote "hit Signe" (name of a prosecution witness) on a piece of paper and showed it to his brother; prisoner "never mentioned [the witness] by name and never used the work 'kill' or 'murder'"; he used "veiled allusions and awkward circumlocutions to refer to the intended murder and the manner in which he wanted it carried out."8
Prisoner "purposely and deliberately told his sister during their first visit that their conversation was being recorded. He also spoke to her in a manner in which was not common between them, and therefore, demonstrated that circumstances were such that others could easily overhear-which is a strong indication that the communication was not intended to be confidential."9
Exception: "Lulling"
Although it is usually unreasonable for the parties to a prisoner-visitor conversation to expect privacy, it is possible that officers may say or do something that will create a reasonable expectation of privacy.
6 Donaldsonv. Superior Court (1983) 35 Cal.3d 24, 29-30 [quoting from United States v. Paul (6th Cir. 1980) 614 F.2d 115, 116]. NOTE: The California Supreme Court Previously observed that it is a "common practice" to monitor inmates' conversations with visitors, and that such a practice "seems reasonably necessary in order to maintain jail security…." North v. Superior Court (1972) 8 Cal.3d 301, 312. Also see People v. Estrada (1979) 93 CalApp.3d.76, 99 [(I)t is well settled and understood that incarcerated persons have no reasonable expectation of privacy with respect to their conversations."]; People v. Santos (1972) 26 CalApp.3d 397, 402 ["It has repeatedly been held, however, that electronic surveillance of conversations between jail inmates and their visitors does not transgress the constitutional prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures."]; In re Joseph A. (1973) 30 Cal.App.3d 880, 883 ["It thus appears that under both the federal and state statutes, electronically intercepted oral communication are inadmissible only if the parties thereto had a reasonable expectation of privacy."]; Sacramento County Deputy Sheriff's Assn. V. Sacramento County (1996)_Cal.App.4th_.
7 People v. Santos (1972) 26 Cal.App.3d 397, 402. Also see Donaldson v. Superior Court (1983) 35 Cal.3d 24, 34, fn. 7; People v. Miranda (1987) 44 Cal.3d 57, 85, fn. 10; People v. Von Villas (1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 175, 216.
8 People v. Edelbacher (1989) 47 Cal.3d 983, 1004. Also see People v. Califano (1970) 5 Cal.App.3d 476, 482.
9 People v. Estrada (1979) 93 Cal.App.3d 76, 99.
As the Court of Appeal explained, "[A]n expectation of privacy can arise under circumstances where the arrested person and a person with whom he was conversing were lulled into beleiveing their conversation would be confidential."10
The legal consequences of "lulling" depend on whether the officer's representation of privacy was express or merely implied. If an officer expressly represented to a prisoner or visitor that the conversation would be private, a reasonable expectation of privacy is created automatically. Thus, the monitoring of the parties' conversation without a warrant or consent would be unlawful and the conversation would be suppressed. In the words of the Court of Appeal, "[When] the police make an express representation that a conversation will be private, they create a legitimate and reasonable expectation of privacy and the surreptitious monitoring and recording of that conversation is violative of the Fourth Amendment."11
For example, an express representation of privacy was found when an officer told two prisoners that they could have a "private conversation between just the two of you" in an interview room.12
On the other hand, if officers merely implied the conversation would be private, statements made by the parties will be suppressed only if the conversation was privileged; e.g., a conversation between husband and wife.13 This occurred in North v. Superior Court 14 where the court ruled an officer's act of permitting a prisoner and his wife to speak alone in a private office that had been "bugged" constituted an implied representation of privacy.
A representation of privacy will not, however, be implied merely because officers permitted a prisoner and visitor to speak alone in an interview room with the door closed. 15
Telephone Conversations
Officers may intercept and record phone calls to and from a jail or prison inmate without a court order if one or more of the following circumstances existed: (1) the conversation was intercepted by an officer "in the ordinary course; of the
10 People v. Hammons (1991) 235 Cal.App.3d 1710, 1715.
11 People v. Hammons (1991) 235 Cal.App.3d 1710, 1716-7.
12 People v. Hammons (1991) 235 Cal.App.3d 1710. Compare In re Joseph A. (1973) 30 Cal.App.3d 880, 886 [officer's act of granting a visitor's request to speak with a prisoner "by himself" did not create a reasonable expectation of privacy].
13 See Donaldson v. Superior Court (1983) 35 Cal.3d 24, 32; North v. Superior Court (1972) 8 Cal.3d 301, 310; In re Joseph A. (1973) 30 Cal.App.3d 880, 885; Ahmad A. v. Superior Court (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 528, 536, fn.5; People v. Von Villas (1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 175, 220-2; People v. Finchum (1973) 33 Cal.App.3d 787, 791. NOTE: Conversations that are not privileged include conversations between parents and their children (See Ahmad A. v. Superior Court (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 528, 535, fn.5) and conversations between siblings (See Donaldson v. Superior Court (1983) 35 Cal.3d 24, 32). Conversations between husbands and wives are not privileged if the purpose of the conversation was in whole or in part, "to enable or aid anyone to commit or plan to commit a crime or a fraud" or to plan the destruction or concealment of evidence. See Evidence Code '981; People v. Santos (1972) 26 Cal.App.3d. 397, 402-3.
14 (1972) 8 Cal.3d 301.
See Ahmad A. v. Superior Court (1989) 215 Cal.App.3d 528, 531, 535. Also see People v. Von Villas (1992) 11 Cal.App.4th 175, 222; People v. Plyler (1993) 18 Cal.App.4th 535, 542; Donaldson v. Superior Court (1983) 35 Cal.3d 24, 32.
Officer's duties; (2) the officer was a party to the communication; 16 or (3) one of the parties to the conversation expressly or impliedly consented to such monitoring.17
"Ordinary course of duties"
A prisoner's phone conversation will be deemed intercepted "in the ordinary course" of an officer's duties" only if such monitoring occurred as a matter of established routine-not in response to a criminal investigation. For example, the "ordinary course" exception would apply if the conversation and all other prisoner telephone calls were recorded as a matter of policy. Thus the U.S. Court of Appeals upheld the interception of a prisoner's phone calls at the Metropolitan Detention Center in Los Angeles under the "ordinary course" exception because, said the court, "MDC is a law enforcement agency whose employees tape all outbound inmate telephone calls; intrception of these calls would appear to be in the ordinary course of their duties." 18
Note, however, that the recording of a phone conversation would not be conducted in the "ordinary course of the officer's duties" merely because the purpose of the wiretap was to obtain evidence of a crime, and the officer's "ordinary duties" included the investigation of crimes. 19
Officers may also intercept a prisoner's phone calls from jail or police station if either of the parties to the conversation consented to the monitoring. 20 Such consent may be express or implied. 21 For example, express consent has been found where the prisoner signed a wiretap consent form. 22 Most consent, however, is implied from the fact the prisoner engaged in a conversation over the telephone after being informed that such conversations may be monitored. 23
16 See 18 U.S.C. (2511 (2)c)).
17 NOTE: The interception of a prisoner's phone calls is governed by Title III OF THE FEDERAL omnibus crime Control Act (18 U.S.C. (2510 et seq.) See Halpin v. Superior court (1972) 6 al.3d 885,896-900; U.S. v Amen (2nd Cir. 1987) 831 F.2d 373 379.
18 U.S. v/ Van Poyck (9th Cir. 1996) 77 F.3d 285, 292. Also see U>S> v. Sabaru (7th Cir. 1989) 891 F.2d 1308, 1328-9: U.S. v. Feekses (7th Cir. 1989) 897 F.2d 1562, 1566: U.S. v. Cheely (D. Alaska 1992) 814 F. Supp. 1430, 1442: U.S. v. Paul (6th Cir. 1980) 614 F.2d 115, 117. Bunnell v. Superior Court (1994) 21 Cal.App. 4th 1811, 1822-3.
19 See Bunnell v. Superior Court (1994) 21 Cal.App.4th 1811, 1822.
20 See 18 U.S.C. (2511 (2)c)); U.S v. Willoughby (2nd Cir. 1988) 860 F.2d 15, 20.
21 See U.S. v. Van Poyck (9th Cir. 1996) 77 F.3d 285, 292.
22 See U.S. v. Van Poyck (9th Cir. 1996) 77 F.3d 285, 292; U.S. v. Willoughby (2nd Cir. 1988) F.2d 15, 20.
23 PROSECUTER'S NOTE: In two decisions by the Seventh Circuit, the court pointed out that such acquiescence may not constitute consent. See U.S. v. Daniels (7th Cir. 1990) 902F.2d 1238, 1245 ("knowledge and consent are not synonyms"); U.S. v. Feekes (7th Cir. 1989) 879 F.2d 1562, 1565 ("to take a risk is not the same as to consent"). The Ninth Circuit, however, has ruled otherwise. See U.S. v. Poyck (9th Cir. 1996) 77F.3d 285,292. In discussing the logic behind the Ninth Circuit's opinion on this issue, the court in People v. Picket (Superior Ct. Sacramento County 1996) observed, "If one recognizes the desire of the police to enter the home and then person steps back and swings the door open wider, such conduct would often result in an appropriate finding of implied consent. (See People v. James (1977) 19 Cal.3d.99; People v. Ford (1979) 97 Cal.App.3d 744). In the instant case, the defendant knew of the desire of the jail staff to listen to his telephone call and then he took further specific action by placing the telephone call. He exercised a privilege, which was extended upon a particular condition. His knowledge, followed by that type of action, does constitute implied consent." The court noted other analogies: a person crossing a border or entering a security building who has notice that he may be searched impliedly consents to a search even though only a small number of persons are actually searched. See People v. Dickinson 91980) 104 Call.App.3d 505. Although Picket is not citable authority, its logic seems very sound.
The most common ways of informing a prisoner that his or her calls may be monitored are as follows:
WARNING SIGNS: A prisoner who places a telephone call may be deemed to have impliedly consented to the monitoring of the conversation if warning signs had been posted on the telephone or in the phone room.24 For example, in U.S. v. Amen, the court ruled that a federal convict impliedly consented to having his telephone calls intercepted because the following signs were placed on each phone used by prisoners: NOTICE; The Bureau of Prisons reserves the authority to monitor conversations on this telephone. Your use of institutional telephones constitutes consent to this monitoring. A properly placed telephone call to an attorney is not monitored. 25
INMATE RULES AND REGULATIONS: Notice that phone calls may be monitored may also be given in prisoner orientation brochures or handouts. 26 For example, the following notice is contained in the RULES AND INFORMATION sheet for inmates in facilities operated by the Alameda County Sheriff's Department: The Alameda County Sheriff's Department reserves the authority to monitor (this includes recording) conversations on any telephone located within its facilities for the purpose of preserving the security and orderly management of the facility, and to protect the public. An inmate's use of the telephone constitutes consent to this monitoring. Telephone calls to attorneys are not monitored.
RECORDED MESSAGES: Notice may also be given through a recorded message that is automatically played when a prisoner places a call from a jail or prison phone. For example, prisoners in Alameda County jail facilities hear the following message when placing an outside call, "At the tone state your name. Please wait while your call is being processed. This call may be monitored or recorded."
In addition, the person who receives a phone call from an Alameda County inmate hears the following message before the conversation begins, "This is a collect call from (name) at (Santa Rita)(North County) jail. This call is subject to being monitored or recorded. If you do not wish to accept this call, please hang up now. To accept this call, press 0.
Sixth Amendment and Miranda Issues
Miranda rights are not implicated when officers secretly intercept a prisoner's conversation through "bugging" or a wiretap. This is because a Miranda waiver is required only when a person in custody is being interrogated or questioned by someone who is known to be a law enforcement officer. 27
24 See U.S. v. Paul (6th Cir.1980) 614 F.2d 115, 117; U.S. v. Van Poyck (9th Cir. 1996) 77 F.3d 285, 292.
25 See U.S. v. Amen (2nd Cir. 1987) 831 F.2d 373, 379; U.S. v. Willoughby (2nd Cir. 1988) 860 F.2d 15, 20. NOTE: Consent to monitor a telephone conversation also constitutes consent to record it. See U.S. v. Cheely (D. Alaska 1992) 814 F.Supp. 1430, 1441-3.
26 See U.S. v. Amen (2nd Cir. 1987) 831 F.2d 373, 379.
27 See Illinois v. Perkins (1990) 496 US 292, 296.
Consequently, Miranda does not apply when a prisoner is speaking to a relative, friend, or an undercover officer or police agent posing as a fellow inmate.28 This is true even if the prisoner invoked his Miranda rights. 29
It is important to understand, however, that the interception of such a conversation will constitute a violation of the prisoner's Sixth Amendment right to counsel if all of the following occurred: (1) the prisoner had been formally charged with or indicted for the crime which was discussed during the conversation, (2) the prisoner was speaking to an undercover officer or person acting as a police agent, and (3) the officer or agent directly or indirectly stimulated the conversation concerning the charged crime or otherwise "deliberately elicited" incriminating statements about the crime from the prisoner. 30
Prisoner Mail
Jails and prisons may intercept and read incoming and outgoing mail (except letters to or from an attorney). 31 If such action was conducted pursuant to a policy that was reasonably necessary to maintain institutional security. 32 This means that two requirements must be met: (1) the policy must actually further the security of the facility, and (2) the interception or restrictions on mail must be no greater than is reasonably necessary. 33
For example, the Court of Appeal upheld the policy of the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Department that all correspondence between jail inmates be read. The court reasoned that such action was reasonably necessary to discover threats to inmates, determine whether any inmates had been given "snitch jackets," and to detect escape plans. 34
The opening of a prisoner's mail might also be based on consent if, at the time the prisoner sent the letter, he or she was aware that prisoners' mail may be intercepted. 35
28 See Illinois v. Perkins (1990) 496 US 292, 296; People v. Guilmette (1991) 1 Cal.App.4th 1534; People v. Plyler (1993) 18 Cal.App.4th 535, 545.
29 See People v. Guilmette (191) 1 Cal.App.4th 1534, 1541.
30 See Massiah v. United States (1964) 377 US 201; United States v. Henry (1980) 477 US 264; Kuhlmann v. Wilson (1986) 477 US 436,438; Maine v. Moulton (1985) 474 US 159; People v. Catelli (1991) 227 Cal.App.3d 1434, 1442.
31 NOTE: Prison authorities may open and inspect mail sent to a prisoner from an attorney but they may not read it. Furthermore, the prisoner must be present when the mail is opened and inspected. See Penal Code 2601 (b); Title 15 Cal code Regs 3144; People v. Poe (1983) 145 Cal.App.3d 574.
32 See Stroud v. United States (1919) 251 US 15, 21-2; Procunier v. Martinez (1974) 416 US 396, 412-4; People v. Phillips (1985) 41 Cal.3d 29, 80; People v. McCaslin (1986) 178 Cal.App.3d 1, 7; People v. Manson (1976) 61 Cal.App.3d 102, 152. Also see Bell v. Wolfish (1979) 441 US 520, 546-7; U.S. v. Cohen (2nd Cir. 1986) 796 F.2d 20, 22.
33 See Proncunier v. Martinez (1974) 416 U.S. 396, 413; Also see People v. Garvey (1979) 99 Cal.App.3d 320 (county jail regulations that authorized the monitoring of all incoming and outgoing prisoner mail in order to protect jail security upheld under Procunier).
34 People v. Caslin (1986) 178 Cal.App.3d 1, 7. Also see Turner v. Safley (1987) 428 US 78 (permissible to prohibit all mail between prisoners in different facilities because, among other things, such mail can be used to communicate escape plans and arrange assaults and other violent acts.)
35 Seethe discussion and reasoning of the cases in the section on intercepting prisoner telephone conversations, supra.
Searching A Prisoner's Cell
As a general rule, jail and prison cells may be searched at any time without a warrant or consent. This is because it would be unreasonable for inmates in jails and prisons to expect the contents of the cells would remain private. In the words of the United States Supreme Court, " A right of privacy in traditional Fourth Amendment terms is fundamentally incompatible with the close and continual surveillance of inmates and their cells required to ensure institutional security and internal order." 36 The Court's conclusion was "bottomed on common sense because if drugs, weapons and contraband are to be ferreted out of jail cells, then prison officials must have unrestricted access to those places to accomplish that objective." 37
There may, however, be limits on the right to search a prisoner's cell. In the U.S. v. Cohen 38, the court invalidated a warrantless search of an inmate's cell where the search was initiated by a federal prosecutor to determine if there was anything in the cell that might help him prepare his case for trial. Said the court, "In this case it is plain that no institutional need is being served…In our view, this kind of warrantless search of a prisoner's cell falls well outside the rationale of the decided cases."
Suggestions for Conducting Electronic Surveillance
Use high-quality equipment: The purpose of such an operation is to hear and understand what was said. Don't take chance with poor quality equipment.
Test the equipment: Before monitoring a conversation, make sure the equipment is working properly.
Record both sides of the conversation: It is usually impossible to make sense out of a conversation if all you can hear is half of it.
Limit the number of parties involved: If possible, only two people should take part in the conversation. This will make it much easier to determine who said what.
Prepare for use in court: If the recording may be used in court, make sure an officer can testify as to the identities of all the parties to the conversation. If multiple conversations will be recorded, it is best if one officer can authenticate all recordings.
36 Hudson v. Palmer (1984) 468 US 517, 527-8.
37 U.S. v. Cohen (2nd Cir. 1986) 796 F.2d 20, 22.
38 (2nd Cir. 1986) 796 f.2d 20.
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The video signal carried in a VGA cable degrades over a span of as little as 25 feet. This limitation is rarely a concern when connecting a monitor to your desktop computer, but if you need to run a long cable from your PC to a projection room, you'll likely encounter problems with video quality. To circumvent these issues and insure a high-quality image through your projector, connect a VGA booster that significantly increases the acceptable length of VGA cable.
Shut down the computer and power off the projector.
Connect a long VGA cable from the projector's 15-pin VGA port to the "Video Out" port on the VGA booster.
Connect a shorter VGA cable from the booster's "Video In" port to the VGA port on your computer.
Plug in and power on the VGA booster.
Power on the projector and boot your computer to complete installation.
- Compare the specifications of the booster with the total length of cable you require to ensure the booster is capable of accommodating the length. Some boosters allow you to daisy-chain two boosters to effectively double the boosted distance with a degraded image quality. To do so, connect the first booster's "Video Out" cable to the "Video In" port on the second booster. Then connect the projector's VGA cable to the second booster's "Video Out" port.
Photo Credits
- Ryan McVay/Photodisc/Getty Images


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Jim Shores' "BoboMo" is the kind of artwork that will be featured at the Good Folk Fest.
- Filed Under
You are likely to come away from the Good Folk Fest, premiering in Louisville Friday through next Sunday at the Mellwood Arts & Entertainment Center, with some folk art. Prices will start at $5.
Affordable? Absolutely.
But don't expect to come away knowing what folk art is. ...


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Alyosha 3 released in mangahere fastest, recommend your friends to read Alyosha 3 now!
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Did you miss me, friends? I went off the grid to Alaska! I had plans to keep you updated, but I had no Internet, and no phone. No Facebook. No BaxterBoo! Gasp! It was tough, let me tell you. Boating, fishing, zip lining, shopping, eating… sigh. I need a vacation to recover! Continue reading
Tag Archives: Alaska
An Eagle, a Fox, and a Cat Walk Into a Bar…
Okay, it's an old joke. And this isn't really a bar, but these guys all seem to be hanging out as friends on the porch, like they could be having a barbecue or something. This is up in Alaska, so the weather may not be exactly conducive to barbecuing, but that doesn't seem to be stopping these guys from socializing. I'm actually going to be headed up to Alaska in a couple of weeks! Continue reading


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We will have a special guest, Alistair Cockburn (an Agile Manifesto author) joining us for this session via Skype.
Our last meeting for 2011 is a BYOT night with great food and year-end fellowship. Simply post your idea here as a comment or answer the question as you sign up, then be prepared to discuss your topic at the meeting. You don't have to have a solution or do a presentation, you just need to be able to represent your topic and answer questions from the group as we discuss it.
Many of you have asked for a session like this, so let's use the end of the year meeting to go over all those unanswered questions / issues that you might not have been able to get answered before. We will all do our best to give great solutions.
Couldn't have been better.
0 · November 30, 2011
One of the best meetings! Red Hot and Blue BBQ, conversing with Alistair Cockburn and gaining insights from the collective wisdom of like minded Scrummers all in one evening. Lance did it again! He got us some time with one of the Agile luminaries. Then, Gary got us conversing to each other collectively kicking problems around (if not solving them). Thanks for organizing these meetings.
0 · November 30, 2011
This was my first DFW Scrum meetup. I thought having Alistair was wonderful. The open forum ended up being a bit less than desired. I think a few people dominated the conversation and often times their insight was very centered around being in an industry where the changes were bottom up. I will attend future meetups, but most likely ones with guest speakers that are more Q&A.
0 · November 30, 2011
I think this session was great on many levels, but the most important thing that comes from these sessions (as you see with a real Scrum Team) is creating the environment that allows us to be open, honest, and collaborative. Just like exercise, you have to have these sessions that foster spirited conversations which hopefully help everyone involved.
0 · November 30, 2011
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Love Pentagon II: Electric legal bugaloo
dan tynan on Jun 05 2013 at 10:08 am | Filed under: 15 minutes, National insecurity, politics, Privacy
Poor Jill Kelley. All she wanted was fame and fortune, and all she ended up with was fame and misfortune. But that last part may soon change, if she wins the civil suit she and her husband just filed against the US government for the "willful, malicious, and unlawful violation of [their] constitutional and statutory privacy rights" during what became known as The Love Pentagon (aka, Petraeus-gate).
Per the complaint, filed in the US District Court district for DC on Monday:
Jill Kelley was held out as an object of ridicule, moral opprobrium, scorn, and derision… costing Mrs. Kelley positions of trust, responsibility, and diplomatic status, and costing the Kelleys public respect, lost income, and significant lost financial, business, and investment opportunities. The Defendants unforgivably transformed Mrs. Kelley's reputation from that of a respected business and community leader and energetic entrepreneur who volunteered to support our troops into a woman of dubious virtue and integrity.
Translation: The Kelleys are accusing the FBI of leaking their names to the press, and now they want to get paid for their pain and suffering.
It's a long and juicy story, full of more dramatic twists and turns than a Mexican soap opera. What follows is the tl;dr version. (Readers already familiar with the details may want to skip the next three graphs, or just view this flowchart created by Gawker and the more detailed and even snarkier version here.)
It started when Kelley received a series of vaguely threatening anonymous emails of the "get away from my man, you hussy" variety. Instead of ignoring them or blocking the sender, Kelley sicc'd a pal in the FBI on the anonymous emailer. The agent, Frederick Humphries (better known as "Agent Shirtless," thanks to some semi-clothed photos he had shared with Kelley), dives into the Yahoo account and figures out that it belongs to Paula Broadwell, a national security analyst. He also uncovers email correspondence between Broadwell and then-CIA chief David Petraeus that indicates some high-level cloak-and-dagger hanky panky.
Agent Shirtless passes this information up the chain and waits. When nothing happens, he decides a cover-up is afoot by the Obama administration and leaks the story to Republican Congressman Dave Reichart, who tells top GOP rep Eric Cantor. Cantor goes to the DOJ and says 'we know who Petraeus was boffing last summer.' DOJ contacts Petraeus, who like a good solider falls on his sword, resigning his post.
The mainstream media, to whom a juicy political-sex scandal is like a wounded gazelle in front of a pack of hyenas, reacts predictably – diving into the belly of the beast and tearing out every hunk of meat they could sink their teeth into.
Which is how we learned more than most of us care to know about Kelley, her ambitions to become the Kim Kardashian of the Southeast, her extended flirty email string with the top US General in Afghanistan, her appointment as Honorary Consul General for South Korea (!), her troubled twin sister, and assorted other details of what it's like to climb the social ladder of Tampa Bay one military uniform at a time.
Last January, Kelley and her husband published an opinion piece in the Washington Post declaring that the media reports about them were totally false. Maybe some of them were bogus, but I doubt all of them were. Even so, I'd bet all the money in my checking account that the Kelleys didn't write a word of that op-ed. It has the aroma of a highly paid PR crisis management team all over it.
Kelley didn't ask to become the lead story on TMZ. But she did try to use her military and FBI connections to track down her 'cyberstalker,' and those actions lead to the take down of some very powerful people.
I'm having a hard time sympathizing with her here. Can you tell?
If the Kelleys are so concerned about the loss of their privacy, why file a splashy suit bringing all of these issues back to the forefront? Jill Kelley was a footnote to history. Now she's front page news again. I can't help thinking that was the real plan all along.
The real outrage here is how a lone FBI agent with an agenda could create such havoc without a single crime having been committed. That seems to have gotten lost in the hubbub. Guess it's just not sexy enough.
Petraeus-Kelley smooch courtesy of ABCnews.


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EPA Region 3 1998 Ozone Protection Enforcement Actions
March 24, 1998
PHILADELPHIA--A national strategy by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to strengthen enforcement of federal CFC regulations is gaining momentum here in the mid-Atlantic region. Since last November, 30 parties have been named in actions taken by EPA's mid-Atlantic office in Philadelphia, a notable increase compared to a total of 11 CFC-related actions done in the region during fiscal year 1997.
The EPA regulates the use of environmentally-harmful chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs, commonly used in air conditioning and refrigeration appliances.
Several EPA actions against companies that violated the law included court settlements totaling $81,213 in penalties to be paid to the government. The majority of the 30 actions are for violations of certification requirements frequently ignored, but which the agency says are needed to prevent damage from the release of CFCs. By law, businesses that repair, service and scrap air conditioning systems and appliances containing CFCs must register with the EPA and certify that they are following federally-approved procedures.
The most recent action is an order issued March 20 by EPA to the City of Baltimore for alleged CFC violations by the city's fleet management division. EPA alleges that city workers improperly installed an alternative air conditioning refrigerant in vehicles owned by the city, and has ordered Baltimore's fleet management division to perform proper retrofits or go back to using the original refrigerant.
Other noteworthy cases include (links lead to more information about each case):
- In January, EPA cited the U.S. Treasury for Clean Air Act violations at the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia. Among the alleged violations, EPA charged that Mint employees serviced air conditioners and water coolers without using required CFC recovery and recycling equipment, and that the Mint used an uncertified technician. Also, EPA's complaint alleged that the Mint failed to evacuate CFCs to required levels before servicing equipment containing refrigerants. EPA is seeking a $129,400 fine for these and other alleged violations.
- In January, EPA settled a case against a West Virginia company that voluntarily reported its violations to the agency. Pete's Refrigeration of Bluefield, Mercer County, reported using an unapproved refrigerant to repair air conditioning systems in vehicles. Because the company voluntarily disclosed its violations, EPA reduced penalties by 75 percent to $4,250. Pete's Refrigeration would have been liable for a $17,000 penalty.
- Under a $30,000 settlement in January with the EPA, S.D. Richman Sons Inc., a scrap metal company in Philadelphia, is now in compliance with federal CFC regulations.
- Tamiment Resort & Conference Center, of Tamiment, Pa., will pay the government $21,600 under an agreement made with the EPA in December to resolve violations relating to the repair of appliances.
- In January, EPA cited the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, the major public transportation service in Philadelphia, for alleged CFC violations. EPA found that SEPTA failed to properly certify some of its equipment used to service air conditioning systems on its buses and trains, and that some SEPTA technicians were inadequately certified. EPA ordered SEPTA to correct the violations.
- Last December, an administrative law judge ordered Tower Central Inc., of Wheeling, W.Va., to pay a $25,363 penalty for improperly servicing air conditioners in vehicles.
- Last December, EPA cited the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Philadelphia for failing to keep service records for several large "chillers" or air conditioning units. EPA ordered the VA Center to cease maintenance and service on the chillers until the center developed a policy to maintain the units properly.
- Included in EPA's actions for certification violations, 19 automobile service stations throughout Virginia have received EPA orders to register and certify with the EPA their equipment used to service air conditioning systems in vehicles. EPA sent the orders in early March.


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Mark Koenigsberg began collecting daguerreotypes while he was a graduate student at MIT in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1975. His eclectic collecting interests range from the occupational and scenic daguerreotype to the unusual image that includes multiple exposures, images showing the American flag, and images in which the photographer "signed" his work photographically in the image. Mark can tell many stories of images that "got away" (or that were considered overpriced at the time) but fortunately, many of the images that he encountered over the years were carefully assembled into the collection. For a view into more than 200 images in his collection, you are invited to visit Mark's personal web site at:
Any comments or questions can sent to Mark Koenigsberg at: