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James Lovelock's recent essay in the Independent has prompted abundant discussion across the sustainable blogosphere, including here at WorldChanging, with Alan's recent post on Mega-Engineering. It's a dark and intentionally depressing vision of widespread famine, ecological crashes and conflict -- all driven by human-caused global warming. Lovelock, who claims to be an optimist on most issues, simply cannot see a way for humankind to avoid utter ruin.
The commentaries and discussions arising from the Lovelock essay have been wide-ranging, but the one that stands out for me is Bruce Sterling's most recent Viridian Note, wherein he tears apart Lovelock in a caustic and merciless fashion. This is Bruce with poisoned daggers drawn, and unlike some of Lovelock's critics, he doesn't pay lip service to Lovelock's past influence.
"Perhaps the saddest thing is that Gaia will lose as much or more than we do. (((On the plus side, Gaia won't pen any editorials about that.))) Not only will wildlife and whole ecosystems go extinct, but in human civilisation the planet has a precious resource. We are not merely a disease; (((hey, speak for yourself, planetary physician))) we are, through our intelligence and communication, the nervous system of the planet. Through us, Gaia has seen herself from space, and begins to know her place in the universe. (((And then, through us, her nervous system, Gaia went into the garage, turned on the engine and died of the fumes.)))
"We should be the heart and mind of the Earth, not its malady. (((If we're heart and mind, plus nerves and damaged kidneys to boot, Gaia's got very few organs left.)))
As much as the Gaia concept helped to spur the consideration of the planet as a system of systems, I must admit to a great deal of sympathy for Bruce's take. Lovelock was once a highly-regarded environmental scientist, but little of that shows in this essay. Instead, he joins the list of apocaphiles, strenuously denying that humans can do anything else but wallow in their own filth and destroy the planet (or, as he describes it, put Gaia into a "morbid fever" for 100,000 years). He expresses great dismay that we've come to this state, but offers neither solutions nor solace, choosing instead to detail some of the awful ways that billions of us will die.
I really dislike apocaphilia.
Apocaphiles tell us that our fate is pre-determined, and that any attempt to avoid it is doomed to failure. They're not simply defeatist, they're positively offended by any suggestion that we might figure out a way to avoid disaster. People who believe that we'll muddle through are accused of having their "heads in the ground;" people who try to change our behavior are derided as "unrealistic;" and people who look for tool-based solutions are castigated for trying for a "techno-fix." The only allowable opinion is that we are lost. There's a distinctly Calvinist flavor to apocaphiles, as they revel in laying out the doom we face because of our own sins, be they environmental, sociological or technological. Ironically, the apocaphile refuses to admit to any human ability to avoid this fate -- we can bring it about, but we can't prevent it, either because the time to do so has long past (i.e., we've left the Garden of Eden) or because we're too greedy/foolish/short-sighted/power-hungry to do so (i.e., we're mired in Original Sin).
I dislike apocaphilia because I believe that deeds can make a difference.
I also dislike apocaphilia because it presumes to predict the future. The truth is, we simply cannot know if we are, in fact, doomed. We may be -- but there's a damn good chance that we aren't, at least if we make an effort to change global conditions. And that, ultimately, is what makes me so irritated at doomsayers: the denial of our ability to make a difference. Tell people over and over that there's nothing that they can do, and eventually they'll start to believe you, making the negative outcome inevitable. I would much rather try to change things for the better and fail than to lie back and just let the world collapse around me.
Lovelock tells us that billions of us will die, that it's too late to stop the end of the world. I say that such an outcome is a choice, one that we need not make.
*the sound of humanity falling off a Gaian cliff*
*the sound of humanity falling off a Gaian cliff*
You know, Lovelock sounds like a lovelorn old man dying far away from the arms of an elusive Rapunzel.
Sterling sounds like....well, happier.
It is completely irrelevant whether YOU like apocaphilia or not. This isn't a topic that is determined by your personal preferences.
The question is whether it is too late or not, and that can only be answered by hard scientific fact, or specific solutions to known (and future) problems.
You will agree that there is a time to act and a time after which acting would not help anymore. If you are on a car, going at 200 km an hour against a solid wall, when you are at 1 meter from the wall it is too late to turn, stop or jump out. The time to act was there, it has just passed. Lovelock does not say that there was no choice. It says, the choice was there, NOW it is too late. He does not say we should suicide en masse. He says, we should try to conserve as much as possible.
"If you are on a car, going at 200 km an hour against a solid wall, when you are at 1 meter from the wall it is too late to turn, stop or jump out. The time to act was there, it has just passed."
That doesn't work because:
1. If I survived, it's all cool. No need to panic.
2. If I died, you're talking to a dead man. I got time, and lots of it.
Therefore, no one dies to regret a disaster, and the few who survive it are always thankful.
We are the survivors.
Regarding this 200 km/h analogy, since we know so little about the Earth and its systems, perhaps the analogy might be more accurately described by covering the windscreen. We know we're careening towards a wall, we know that if we don't stop in time we're strawberry jam. So when do we start slamming on the brakes? As soon as we can, of course. Even if we're only 1m from the wall and it's too late, because we don't know it's too late.
We can't control the attitude people will take towards the facts that have been presented about global warming and peak oil.
Despair, outrage, and pessimism are acceptable, but they often prevent people from feeling they are potent in any way to affect solutions. There are many practical things that can be done on a local level to develop sustainable habits-- these all are a positive contribution.
Something I have found useful is to consider various scenarios among which the apocalypse is one. We can fully imagine the worst happening, and then start thinking about the kind of society that could exist on the other side, from a visionary perspective. It might have some positive characteristics: people might be more helpful to one another; people might learn how to raise food locally, which will be healthier; power and control may devolve to the local level, which is more responsive to citizen concerns. I avoid getting bogged down in despair by thinking in an idealistic way about the positives that could happen on the other side, and working to create those right now.
I enjoy this site but find that the technologies and solutions do not lend themselves to my participation. I can sit on the sidelines and gasp admiringly at the hypercar, much as I might enjoy watching the Nature channel on TV. It doesn't give me traction for much else.
I'm kind of bored with the interspersed text thing (seems last-century), but at least it got me to look at Lovelock's own turgid prose. The guy is out there.
(((unfortunately, the fisking seems out there as well)))
Despite all our knowledge, CO2 increased by more than 2% last year. There is nothing on the horizon that would indicate that the U.S., not to mention China, etc. will take the necessary action to avoid catatrophe. Lovelock is probably right, and yet there is hope, only because we must, hope, that is.
My individual actions probably mean nothing, and yet I take them anyway.
Regardless, the earth will march on without us, to evolve somehow even under the worst of circumstances. Global warming may mean the end of humankind, which under the circumstances, may be welcomed by the Gaia.
There is little evidence that we can overcome our short term greed for the sake of the planet.
Wholly agree with odograph about the fisking. I saw Sterling do this with Jim Kunstler and it struck me as pointless. Sterling's obviously got a great enough mind to counter the flaws in these people's thinking without resorting to a technique that's pretty widely recognised as an immature abuse of the net medium.
On apocaphilia, whenever I read sweeping dismissals of it like this, I can never not think of the Futurama episode where a ball of 20th century garbage is shot into space. A newscaster narrating the story says, "Some experts claim the ball might return to Earth someday, but their concerns were dismissed as 'depressing'." :-)
Still, I agree with Jamais' basic conclusion, that at bottom, we don't really know how things are going to go. That's scary to people who believe we will prevail as well as to those who believe we won't.
However, I'm also dubious about the need to rubbish all "negativity". On a personal level, I've only hauled myself out of some terrible ruts when I've been shocked into a new frame of reference by some pretty negative self-perceptions. Equally, I've often maintained myself in those very ruts with a resilient, but ultimately stultifying kind of "maybe if I just try harder to make things better" optimism. I'm not saying "yay negativity" or "down with optimism"; it's just that each have their ups and downs.
It should also be noted that Lovelock's hardly just shrugging his shoulders and kicking back: "So what should we do? First, we have to keep in mind the awesome pace of change and realise how little time is left to act; and then each community and nation must find the best use of the resources they have to sustain civilisation for as long as they can. ... So let us be brave and cease thinking of human needs and rights alone, and see that we have harmed the living Earth and need to make our peace with Gaia. We must do it while we are still strong enough to negotiate, and not a broken rabble led by brutal war lords."
That's a pretty clear call to action. This has to be combined with a warning about how bad things will get if we don't act and, to avoid pandering, some indication of how bad things might still get even when we do act. I can accept disagreements with the degree to which Lovelock pitches these things - and sure, some people will baulk at his metaphors - but the general structure of his pitch seems sound.
You seem strangely off base with this post. Lovelock comes across (to me) as mournful but not fatalistic. Read his last paragraph. Sterling, otoh, comes across as an irrational hack.
I don't mind dire warnings as long as they end with specific, concrete plans of action. What can we do individually, locally, nationally, internationally? What political, cultural, economic and, yes, technological changes do we make to save ourselves?
Saying, "It's worse than we thought," is fine as long as you follow that up with, "and here's what I think we should do...." Otherwise, in this trauma-ridden world, you'll just get tuned out.
I avoided reading Sterling's full "piece" as the extract didn't seem tempting, but then I felt I should be fair... Well, there's plenty of pointless sniping - and I'm not sure it's in his favour that he concedes to it mostly being a bit of "fun" at the end.
I have to say, though, I agree with Sterling's basic point that this whole situation is much more about saving ourselves than saving Gaia. I've long thought that "Save the Planet" is a presumptuous and wrong-headed banner - for so long, I think, that I forget some intelligent people still rally under it.
Sterling's antipathy to anthropomorphism (which I see as a natural tendency that can be a powerful, useful tool) is pretty standard fare for rationalist scientism; but Lovelock's clumsy wielding of this tool is as much an enemy of it as Sterling's broadsides. Even if we could prove on a Etch-a-Sketch that Gaia's heading for a 100,000-year fever, I doubt she'd be any more worried than you or I would be at the prospect of a 24-hour bout of flu. Anthropomorphism works best if you scale everything accordingly.
As I read Lovelock, his point wasn't that there's nothing we can do -- there are plenty of actions that *could* be taken. His point was that we WILL NOT do those things.
As for Bruce, he's prone to a touch of apocalypsiphilia (that's what the word should be, IMHO) himself from time to time - but I think that he's fully justified in doing so!!
And I think Jamais ought to have included Bruce's conclusion, which is not exactly a dismissal, and has its own dose of pessimism in it:
>>> (((For all the acerbic fun I've had with it, this is a very disturbing article. After some days' consideration, I've come to this conclusion about it. I don't think humanity has the capacity to put "Gaia" into a 100,000 year "coma." Humanity's heading for the clinic before Gaia does; we've already got dubious food security, some cracking little resource wars and emergent major-league diseases. We don't have the capacity to expand industrial development flat-out while being hammered by global climate change and three out of four apocalyptic horsemen. We won't need Gaia's Revenge to do us in by the time Gaia was good and ready, we'd be doin' a heck of a job eliminating ourselves.))) <<<
My last word for now: in the metaphor, an Earth without an aware human presence is indeed in "coma" - humanity, specifically, can be seen as not the whole brain but the cerebral cortex of "Gaia", the part that can make choices, analyze data, have amoral sense, etc. - and act consciously to change the functioning of the organism.
To torture the metaphor a bit more, we've been using that capacity to engage in a bunch of body modification - tattooing, piercing, mutilation, and scarifying - just like any primitive would. But we're awfully close to reaching that state where we understand enough about what we are, what Gaia is, and how she works, to make it - her - us - healthier as an organism. The question is whether or not we will choose to do so, and therein is the root of the apocalypsiphilic view.
Thanks for those points, Skip. I'd fallen foul of another problem of simplistic anthropomorphism applied to the Earth: seeing it as an organism separate from ourselves, when of course we are to the planet (in this view) as cells (specifically, neurons) are to us. To me, this conveys a shocking level of responsibility to us - a potentially very powerful motivator.
(To wax a little more anthropomorphic than is pragmatic, I've often thought of the post-KT-boundary rise of mammals as a Gaian response to that asteroid impact, evolving organisms - us - with the technological means to repel future "planet-killers".)
Thanks for the (generally) good discussion here, folks. Re-reading my own piece, I can see why it's getting some of these reactions. One big problem: I presumed that the readers would be familiar with the previous apocaphilia argument I made last year, and linked to in this essay.
(Here's the link again: Apocaphilia, Peak Oil and Sustainability)
The problem with apocaphilia (and, sorry, Skip, but apocalypsiphilia is too much of a mouthful) is not that it tells us that the world is ending, but that it tries to claim that attempts to avert that fate are pointless. This is directly derived from the fact that human actions caused the problem to begin with. It's *our* fault that the world is ending, and we're flawed, evil beings, deserving of the fate we're about to receive.
Lovelock's position isn't as strident as (say) Kunstler or Bill Joy, but the conclusion (that we won't do what needs to be done) fits the broad characteristics of apocaphilia.
To respond to some of the more specific comments:
* Apocaphilia isn't about scientific facts as much as it's about human behavior. If Lovelock (or whomever) argued that, for such-and-such scientific reasons, a world which was uninhabitable except at the poles was now irreversibly going to happen by 2075, that would be awful, but not apocaphilia. But that's not what Lovelock is saying here.
* MJ's point about not getting enough hands-on ways to improve the planet is well-taken, and is something we talk about back-channel quite often. When I post about a 300mpg hypercar (e.g.), it's not to say "here, you can make one of these," but is meant as another small part of the larger argument that solutions are possible, that we can adopt behaviors and technologies and systems to improve the planet for all of us.
* I suppose I need to keep in mind that the deeply acerbic approach that BruceS sometimes takes is not to many people's liking. The interspersed comment method struck me less as fisking than as a textual version of something like MST3K.
* Nobody has said this directly, but to be clear: by no means am I saying that we have nothing to worry about, or that disaster isn't a possibility. It's far more likely than any of us would wish. But the only way we can say decisively that it's a certainty is if we decide to give up trying to make changes for the better.
* Gyrus, I love that Futurama episode, too. I'm not trying to argue against negativity, but a particular species of it. We do have an overall aversion to negative posts on WC, but that's because Alex & I realized early on that information about problems is far easier to find than information about what can be done about the problems.
I don't really see Lovelock's conclusion to be as constructive as you seem to, however. He seems to be saying "let's preserve what we can" (something I support quite a bit), but otherwise doesn't go beyond the strictly metaphorical.
* Ultimately, the Earth is much more resilient than any particular species. We may wipe ourselves out, we may push the climate into a new stable high-temperature state, but the Earth itself will go on. Even a 100,000 year "morbid fever" is a blip in the geologic time scale.
My apocophiliac ways have been put aside thanks to WorldChanging. I've known many Christians in particular who believe we're almost at the end and who almost relish the idea. I believe we're just at the beginning. I've seen our enemies become our friends and our failures become our education enough times to believe we've still got a damn good hope.
It strikes me that some people say "crisis"(*) and don't consider themselves to be harbingers of the apocalypse. A lot depends on where you stand. One person's caution (or crisis) may be an other's doom and gloom.
FWIW, what's kind of emerged for me out of the last year of surfing sustainability (and peak oil) sites is that we are dealing with population response. Even if we think that humanity (or some portion thereof) will ultimately get and act on idea X, we have to understand that there will be an acceptance curve. I suspect that it will follow the sort of curve we see in tech products ("early adopter" - "chasm" - "pragmatic adopter" - "last skeptic").
And as we know from past sustainability cycles (1970's alternative energy), things don't leap the chasm just because we want them to.
On the other hand, the early adopters and proponents are certainly essential. If they (we) do not make the case, the majority pragmatists will have no where else to learn it. No one will know for instance, that you can run your car on french fry grease, until some crazy guy tries it.
IMO the outcome in many of these things is not guaranteed, in some sense it IS an experiment in sociology (will they or won't they come on board?). As you might guess from my choice of that curve, I think the most effective messages are those that will appeal to the pragmatists.
I don't think you can change the psychology of the majority - but you can find solutions that appeal to them (over time).
* - Global Warming-Resistant Agriculture
BTW, to highlight the "dark side" of that acceptance curve ... it is sometimes the "last skeptics" who can do you in. Who caught the last cod on the Grand Banks ... the pragmatists, or the last skeptics?
What can be done about the problems? One thing I find useful is the thought that I myself am anything but unique. What I decide to do is what a lot of people are going to decide to do since they are the same as me. So--I try to decide what a lot of people are going to do. And then I do it.
The Strong Anthropomorphic version of the Gaia Hypothesis would state that "Humanity is Gaia's way of getting access to all of her lost Carbon." We might be playing our role perfectly ;-) (this is a joke, please don't flame it seriously)
Lovelock offers no actions to moderate or reduce this impact. He's not even suggesting that the Wise buy bits of land in otherwise fridged corners of Canada to survive the enormous population die off.
Neither does he mention that, well, life went on when it was a lot warmer. The Oil we're burning - plant matter that grew when it was a lot hotter, and grew so prolifically that we are **STILL** burning the energy stored by it.
Think about that: the hot earth was abundant enough to support *enormous* animals and plants: global warming is not going to be like a holocaust or an ice age. The problems will be problems of rapid change, and of excess.
But this is not a future of failing agricultre, necessarily. Even in the worst projections, some areas win big time. I'm unwilling to concede that this is a disaster which can be predicted.
Any hacker knows that screwing around with a system for which you do not have a backup is bad. But there may be unknown moderating factors, feedback loops which slow the warming which we don't know about, technological fixes (solar mirrors to reflect away solar radiation come to mind, because they can be *reversed* if it doesn't work) and so on.
We're not dead yet. We're not even getting started.
I think it is a safe prediction that climate change will result in loss of species (as climates move out from under plant and animal communities). But (a) that is certainly hard to quantify, and (b) I'm not sure how many "plain folks" out there really care.
No, there isn't any conclusive scientific evidence other than strong indicators that global temperature is rising. And it doesn't really matter whether or not you believe it will bring life as we know it to a screeching halt - the fact is our current business as usual practices are not only harming the earth but they're harming us in the process. So for all you skeptics out there - should we just wait and see how bad it can get before we institute change?
Don't you suspect that we (in this forum) have already instituted change?
Somebody commented:
> We can't control the attitude people will take
> towards the facts that have been presented about
> global warming and peak oil.
Really? ExxonMobil didn't take such a defeatist attitude about that; they went out and bought the best PR money could buy:
Someone else commented that this isn't about somebody's personal attitude. NO, it's about a lot of people's personal attitudes. The more people who buy hybrid vehicles, the more the car manufacturers will make them, and the fewer people who buy ExxonMobil stock, the more even they will have to notice that people want something done.
Death loving Apocraphiles are sad, but they're a pretty harmless precursor to the *real* worry: those who have read their scripture without any idea of cause and effect. The thought that the Second Coming might be *deliberately* induced by triggering the apocalypse is a very tempting prospect to such mentalities.
Is it possible that Lovelock's article was *deliberately* pessimistic? That it was intended to ignite the indignant reaction it appears to have done here?
the *real* worry: those who have read their scripture without any idea of cause and effect.
Timely that you mention the big C&E, since my quote of the week is by Dr. Abdulkarim Soroush, and it goes:
"...we step onto the ladder of effects in the hope that, one day, we can reach that cause."
Cool, eh?
Rohit have you read Lovelock's book on Gaia theory?
I had the same reaction as Tony: that Lovelock was deliberately sparking debate (given his age, how many more chances will he get?) to encourage renewed effort because despite all of our efforts, anthropogenic GHG emissions are still increasing and it's clear that they will continue to increase. Further, his short piece is promoting his new book. Why have people here dismissed his claims outright without justifying their dismissal or even asking whether he has reasonable evidence to justify his claims? Who's going to read and review his book?
I too find Bruce Sterlings' annotated/fisking approach largely unintelligent and unamusing. It might be tolerable if there was less quipping and twittery and more in the way of insightful comments. It's clear that Jamais idolises Bruce, but I encourage you to think critically before you quote flippant remarks from him or follow his lead with an irreverent tone such as "Lovelock was once a highly-regarded environmental scientist" (((he still is, unlike Bruce or yourself))).
Rohit have you read Lovelock's book on Gaia theory?
Um, no Flannel - I haven't. I did read the essay in question, and Sterling's fisk-ure of it. And that's all I'm commenting on.
Personally, from what I've read "about" the Gaia theory, secondary texts that is - I am quite a fan of it. However, I think a different understanding of the same processes can be gained by reading Deleuze's theory of a BwO, or "body without organs".
The more people who buy hybrid vehicles, the more the car manufacturers will make them....
That's not necessary. They may simply churn out the same old vehicles with a different branding and spin, and allude to their eco-friendliness.
Corporations can lie for breakfast,lunch, dinner and the late night snack, if it'll save them some more R&D money.
Tony -- I would hope that, if the essay was intentionally pessimistic, the goal wasn't to prompt an indignant reaction, but to push people into action. It's actually a little hard to achieve that balance: too pessimistic, and it comes off like you're saying that it's too late (which is how I took Lovelock's piece); not pessimistic enough, and it doesn't lead to a sense of urgency.
Flannel Flower --
It's clear that Jamais idolises Bruce
Actually, that's not at all true. He has insights into a variety of topics that match my own observations, but I disagree with his take on some pretty big issues, as well (for better or worse, they tend not to be topics that fall into our coverage at WC). I do admire his writing style, however, including the flippant tone that clearly you dislike. There's already far too much earnestness and humorlessness in the traditional environmental movement, and I find Bruce's snark and sarcasm appealing.
[Lovelock] still is [a highly-regarded environmental scientist], unlike Bruce or yourself
Actually, I don't think either of us has ever claimed otherwise. I'll let Bruce defend himself here (he occasionally reads the comments), but as for me, I'm a writer with a background that encompasses science and politics, scenario-based futurism and historical analysis. I'm not an environmental scientist, but I have a pretty good understanding of both what environmental scientists are talking about and the big picture context in which they operate.
And the fact is, sadly, Lovelock had fallen off of the radar of most environmental scientists years ago, from what I've seen, and his visibility of late comes largely from his call for more nuclear power plants last year.
For what it's worth, I agree that his essay was written in part to promote his upcoming book; I refrained from mentioning that because, frankly, it makes it sound like he's drumming up controversy to sell books, like an older, smarter Michael Crichton. When the book is available (it's not out until next month in the UK, and has no current scheduled release date in the US), I -- or someone else here -- will assuredly read it, and, if it looks like something worth recommending, give it a review.
I've known Americans to boast that sarcasm is
the most fabulous aspect of their 'humor'. Many other nationalities find sarcasm to be the lowest form of humour. It's caustic and deliberately insulting rather than intelligent or informed, and you don't do your credibility any favours by repeating it.
There is nothing original in Bruce's conclusion "Humanity's heading for the clinic before Gaia does" etc. Lovelock made the point years/decades ago that a self-regulating planet doesn't need humanity to persist, but humanity needs the planet. Essentially what Bruce has scribbled is a snide example of post-modern deconstructionism. Contrast it with Alan's piece, which is a constructive, respectful and intelligent response to Lovelock's article.
Thanks for this post. I'm intrigued by the parallele you draw between apocaphilia and a certain kind of religious worldview that focuses on "original sin."
As far as our deeds making a difference -- I'm reminded, again, of that famous quote from Pirkei Avot, a collection of rabbinic wisdom. "It is not incumbent upon us to finish the task, but neither are we free to refrain from beginning it."
Nice discussion, wrong angle. The whole gaia theory is systems based. All your focus on apocaphilia as a affliction of individuals incapacitating effective responses is misplaced. Decisions on any measures within the scope of effective mitigation of any of the 'four horsemen' are made by our total social systems of which individuals are only 'cells' off whether or not they are affected by any mental 'philias' of their preference. Our social systems are not capable of implementing meaningful responses fast enough.
To put this into experiential context: Our 'local' politicians are very aware of 'Peak Oil' for example. What they are rightly saying is: We know how bad it is. We can't do anything about (Hirsh or not) though until the crisis is right upon us. The social function of a politician is to be a hero to the populace. Hero's need crisis by definition to be elected. For all of the big problems including climate change we know that waiting for the crisis to be unfolding is rendering any response pathetic. But that's all politicians (for example) can do within our systems - exactly nothing - which leads back to Lovelock's prognosis.
It doesn't help the victim - in this case our species ability to survive - to analyse the individual mental afflictions of the lynch mob - and that's all of us.


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- 12/20/03
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There is not much to say about me, im a down to earth guy who enjoys DDR and ITG a lot as a hobby. Hangs around on NG on my spare time. Favourite NG artist? ParagonX9. Favourite NG Song? Chaoz Fantasy by ParagonX9 Favourite Flash? MK Vs. SF I, II & II
User Statshot
- Community Stats
Level 9 Blank Slate
Normal Whistle
Ranked as Civilian
Contact Info / Websites
Recent Game Medals
The Overlook 25 Points Triggered the Super RedRum power-up Medal Stats.
Backdoor action 25 Points Unlocked the rear weapon perk Medal Stats.
All in a line 25 Points Completed an entire challenge Medal Stats.
Nice and safe 25 Points Unlocked the shield perk Medal Stats.
Scratched paintwork 25 Points Unlocked the increased Graze perk Medal Stats.
Level Up 25 Points Unlocked the increased XP perk Medal Stats.
Extra Life 25 Points Unlocked the extra lives perk Medal Stats.
101 10 Points A 101 kills Medal Stats.
Game on! 10 Points Completed a challenge Medal Stats.
Asteroid 25 Points Crushing the Asteroid Medal Stats.
Total Medals Earned: 315 (From 26 different games.)
Favorite Audio
|ParagonX9 - Chaoz Fantasy
|Drum N Bass Song
Favorite Movies
The Reward Rated 4.5153 Stars The Reward is a film about bromance, fantasy, killing stuff... and HIGH FIVES!! Comedy - Original Pen Sexucation Rated 4.1811 Stars Sex terms explained with pens. Comedy - Original Cpt Falcon Checkup Rated 4.4064 Stars Captain Falcon hasn't been feeling well since Brawl came out, so he visits the doctor Spam T E T R I S ' D Rated 4.4248 Stars Have you ever felt attacked while playing Tetris? Action
Favorite Games
Super Mario Crossover Rated 4.3937 Stars Play the original Super Mario Bros with characters from classic Nintendo games. Action - Platformer - Hop and Bop Newgrounds Rumble Rated 4.4262 Stars Stomp some ass in this high-intensity brawler themed after Newgrounds Action - Fighting - VS Project Validus: Survival Rated 4.2420 Stars Gain skills and experience as you fight to survive in a city filled with walking dead. Action - Shooter - Multidirectional Special Mission Rated 4.1951 Stars A shooting game built , have fun . Action - Shooter - Run 'n Gun


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Rail House Sampler Tray
You'll enjoy 11 award winning microbrew beers on tap, homemade pizza, delicious steaks, burgers, Friday Fish Fry and more. Locally owned and operated since 1997. In nice weather our outdoor beer garden and patio is a popular attraction. Stop by soon for great food, drink and fun!
Mon-Thur 11am-10pm; Fri & Sat 11am-11pm; Sun 11am-9pm.
Located 45 minutes north of Green Bay on U.S. Hwy. 41, across from Menards.
Articles: Rail House Restaurant & Brewpub


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From the Washoe Health District Monday morning:
Health Message: Unusually sensitive people should consider reducing prolonged or heavy exertion.
Smoke from the American Fire located in remote terrain south of Blue Canyon, CA is impacting the Truckee Meadows. Fine particulates are elevated into the Moderate range with temporary clearing expected this afternoon. The smoke will settle into the Reno/Sparks area again this evening. If you feel the smoke is affecting you, remain indoors with the windows closed and air conditioning on and reduce prolonged or heavy exertion while outdoors.
RENO, NV - Air quality in northern Nevada is moderate Monday, according to health officials, based on heavy smoke blowing into the Truckee Meadows from a fire in Foresthill, CA. That means people with breathing problems should stay mostly inside and try not to exert themselves.
The American Fire is burning in a heavily forested area of very steep terrain on Deadwood Ridge, approximately 17 miles northeast of Foresthill in Tahoe National Forest.
The fire is estimated at 1200 acres with no official containment, but heavy smoke is making it difficult to obtain precise numbers. Fire crews hope to have a better idea later Monday. The fire has crossed the North Fork of the Middle Fork of the American River and is burning toward the Last Chance area.
According to firefighters, the fire is growing at a moderate rate. Multiple Forest Service and Cal Fire engines, crews, dozers, air tankers, and helicopters are at scene, with additional resources on order. Smokejumpers are being utilized. Efforts are being focused mainly on the Deadwood Ridge and Last Chance sides of the fire.
Access to the fire is limited, and firefighter safety is a concern due to difficult terrain. No structures are threatened.


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Audi A5 Sportback – Click above for high-res image gallery
Less than 24 hours ago, Autoblog commenter Zamafir sent us a few cloaked images of the upcoming Audi A5 Sportback getting ready for its close-up at the University of California San Diego. Unsurprisingly, another camera-phone wielding student was able to capture Audi's new five-door A5 sans camouflage, and the results are equal parts telling and predictable.
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May 21, 2008
Adam Munsterteiger
Ryan Milus has speed to burn.The 5-foot-9.5, 155-pound cornerback prospect from Chandler (Ariz.) Hamilton won the state championship in the 100-meter dash earlier this month. He clocked in at a blazing 10.56 seconds."Now that track is over, I'm getting back into football," he explained. "We are in spring ball and I had a chance to go to the NIKE Camp at Stanford (last weekend). It was my first time going up against other good D-1 prospects from across the nation. I think I did pretty good."I have the speed. And now I am trying to get bigger. I want to be bigger and stronger so I am better in run support. I also want to work on my footwork."Milus was a first-team all-region selection last fall as a junior. He recorded 53 tackles and five interceptions.On the recruiting front, Milus claims written scholarship offers from Washington State and Boise State and verbal offers from Utah and Air Force.Washington, Arizona State, Stanford and UNLV have also been showing strong interest."I think almost every Pac-10 school has been by my school (during the spring evaluation period) along with Boise State and a bunch of other schools," he added. "I don't really have a favorite one right now."Has Milus been able to form an impression of Washington State yet?"Not really," he admitted. "They were down here this spring, they came to watch a practice. I am definitely going to try to get up there over the summer to see what they are all about."Boise State is another college that Milus is thinking about visiting unofficially this summer. ...More... To continue reading this article you must be a member. Sign Up Now!
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Did You See This? Greg Oden interview
Former Ohio State standout Greg Oden stopped by the BTN booth to talk with Tom Hamilton and Jim Jackson during Saturday's game against Northern Kentucky. At one point, he was asked what he remembered most about the season that ended one win short of an NCAA championship. Oden didn't miss a beat and replied: "We lost."


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Irish Cream 'n Coffee Bundt Cake
Holy Irish Cream and Coffee! If you like bundt cake, and you like a splash of Baileys Irish Cream in your Coffee… you are going to want to kiss my face. Guaranteed.
Just imagine it… Your two hands wrapped around a large mug of piping hot coffee, with a hefty swirl of Baileys Irish Cream, topped with whipped cream, chocolate and caramel drizzle.
You sip and the creamy sweetness (and caffeine) massages your throat on the way down, like a hug from the inside-out.
That, my friends, is what I'm serving you today, in bundt cake form.
Coffee. Chocolate. Caramel. And silky Baileys Irish Cream all baked into one glorious cake to share with friends.
Because I love you.
And I love bundt cakes.
They are dense enough to be sturdy, yet soft, moist, and naturally pretty due to their shape.
This Baileys Irish Cream Bundt Cake is truly one of my favorites!
It's rich and comforting, with a note of boozy coffee in each bite.
The most import thing(s) to remember about all bundt cakes, it that they need time to cool in the pan before flipping. Usually 20 minutes will do, but sometimes I wait 30 minutes, just to be sure.
There's nothing worse than flipping a cake out of the pan and watching it break in half.
Along with waiting, it's highly important to make sure your pan is well greased and floured.
I like to spray bundt pans with the non-stick baking spray that is made with flour, instead of buttering and flouring the nooks and crannies.
My last tip is to wait until the cake is completely cool to add toppings. Otherwise the toppings absorb into the cake, instead of setting on top of the cake.
See how the chocolate ganache and caramel drip down the sides and dry, instead of disappearing into the cake?
Patience is a virtue when it comes to bundt cakes.
This Baileys Irish Cream 'n Coffee Bundt Cake is a sure-fire way to make someone smile. Try making it for an office party, or for a neighbor who has had a rough week.
You'll be amazed at what a little (ok… a lot) of Baileys Irish Cream and Coffee can do!
Need a few more Bundt Cakes in your life?
Check out our brand-spanking-new ebook, Brilliant Bundt Cakes, packed full of the best bundt cakes you'll ever taste!
Baileys Irish Cream Bundt Cake
Yield: 10-12
Prep Time: 20 minutes
Cook Time: 55 minutes
For the Bundt Cake:
- 2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1/4 cup unsweetened cocoa powder
- 1 1/2 cup granulated sugar
- 3 Tb. instant coffee granules
- 1 1/2 tsp. baking soda
- 1 tsp. salt
- 1 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 1 cup Baileys Irish Cream liqueur
- 3/4 cup sour cream
- 2 large eggs
- 2 tsp. vanilla extract
For the Toppings:
- 1/2 cup semisweet chocolate chips
- 1/4 cup heavy cream
- 1/2 cup thick cream of caramel or dulce de leche
- 2 oz. chocolate bar to shave over the top
- Preheat the oven to 350 degrees F. and move the oven racks to make room for a bundt pan in the center. Thoroughly butter and flour a 11-12 cup bundt pan. (I like to use the floured baking spray instead.)
- In the bowl of your electric mixer, combine the first 6 dry ingredients. Turn the mixer on low to stir. Then slowly add in the remaining 5 wet ingredients. Turn the mixer off. Scrape the bowl. Then mix again until smooth.
- Pour the batter into the prepared pan and bake for 45-55 minutes, until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean. Allow the cake to rest and cool for at least 20 minutes before flipping. Flip the cake onto a wire cooling rack and cool to room temperature before topping.
- Once the cake has cooled, bring the cream to a boil (in the microwave or on the stove.) Remove from heat and add the chocolate chips. Allow them to sit in the hot cream for 5 minutes, then stir to combine. Place a piece of wax paper under the wire cooling rack.
- Use a spoon to drizzle the chocolate ganache over the cake. Then warm the caramel until just warm enough to drizzle, not hot. Drizzle over the cake. Use a veggie peeler to shave the chocolate bar over the top of liquid toppings. Let the toppings set before wrapping the cake. You can, however, cut it immediately after topping!
Making this recipe? Why not take a quick shot and share it on Instagram! Make sure to tag it #ASpicyPerspective so we can see what you're cooking!


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Just a couple of months ago, we released our Italia Artisan Pizza Oven accessory for the Camp Chef 16" Cooking Systems. It's been a hit and we've been receiving a ton of positive feedback from our fans about how much they're loving it.
Don't just take our word for it though, Sportsman's News recently got their hands on the pizza oven. Check out their video below and as well as their blog post.
Plus, be sure to keep your eyes peeled for another Camp Chef pizza oven designed to fit on our 14" Cooking Systems.


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Shouldn't a controller in MVC be completely ignorant of how the data it gives to the view will be displayed?
My question relates to the SelectList. Should the controller be clever enough to know that the data will be presented in a drop down? Or should it simply give the view, through the view model, a list of items, and let the view handle it however it needs?


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Ops, Maintenance, Safety
Transportation safety management. Traffic law enforcement. Truck, bus, and RV safety. Safe driving tips, cell phone use. Driver fatigue and accident prevention. Driver education and regulation. DUI, DWI and substance abuse and driving. Road rage and aggression. Work zone safety. Airbags.
Accident Investigation
Accident investigation program guidelines. Accident analysis tools, methods for determining causes & contributing factors of major accidents, techniques for identifying unsafe conditions and procedures. Online tutorial. Workbook for conducting accident investigations. Full text of accident investigation programs. OSHA recordkeeping.
Accident Prevention
Accident reconstruction materials. Methods for determining causes & contributing factors of vehicle accidents. Guide to determine the preventability of an accident. Articles focused on what the driver should do in the event of an accident. Causes of trailer underride accidents. Case studies of accidents.
Safety bulletins related to the safety, operation, repair and maintenance of boilers & pressure vessels.
Cold Stress
Prevention of cold stress, wind chill factors, human thermal comfort requirements
Compressed Gas
Safety materials related to the handling, storage and transportation of compressed gas cylinders, pressure vessels, etc. Pressure hoses.
Confined Space Program
Full text of a technical resource manual on confined space entry and a confined space safety program. Permit-required and nonpermit space requirements.
Crash Data
Statistics and data on accidents, road fatalities, crashes and other highway safety.
DOT Hazmat
Procedures to take with chemical spills. Information on sorbent materials. DOT hazardous materials packaging requirements. Performance-Oriented Packaging Standard. Clarifications & exemptions to hazmat regulations. North American Emergency Response Guidebook. Training requirements. ERT. Hazmat forms and documents. Hazardous Materials Incident Prevention Manual.
Explosive Safety
Full text of federal laws and regulations on explosives such as those from the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. US Dept of Transportation hazardous materials transportation guides.
Fall Protection
How to use fall arrest systems. Requirements for fall protection.
Fire Extinguishers
Proper use and maintenance of fire extinguishers.
Fire Hazards
Guidelines on fire prevention & fire evacuation programs. Safety talks. Abstracts of fire investigation reports. Fire reporting procedures. Home fire safety. Exits and emergency lighting. Smoke detectors.
Fire Prevention
Guidelines on fire prevention & fire evacuation programs. Safety talks. Abstracts of fire investigation reports. Fire reporting procedures. Home fire safety. Exits and emergency lighting. Smoke detectors.
Fire Programs
Fire prevention programs. Fire safety talks. Safety checklists. Fire safety program tips. Fire protection program models. Standard operating procedures. Fire safety program implementation guide.
Guidance on NFPA hazard guidelines related to flammable and combustible liquids and gases, spray painting, fireworks, battery charging, etc.
ANSI requirements for material safety data sheets (MSDS). Chemical Right-to-Know support materials for SARA Title III and Hazard Communication Program. Comparison of DOT, HMIS, NFPA & SAF-T-DATA chemical label systems. Brochures, training materials, programs guidance on Hazard Communication. Sample written Hazard Communication programs.
Heat Stress
Adaptive Model of Thermal Comfort. Wind chill chart. Heat stress. Extreme cold.
Inspection Forms
Full text of self-inspection checklists for general industry and construction. Series of safety checklists for physical hazards, equipment, etc. Sample yes/no workplace safety checklists.
Labeling Chemicals
Guidance on the required information for chemical hazard label systems for DOT, HMIS, NFPA diamond. Explanations of R-phrases, S-phrases & corresponding number codes used on chemical labels in the European Union. The pesticide label review manual used by the EPA Office of Pesticide Programs. NFPA Hazard Information Rating Tables - access databases to determine the NFPA symbol code for each chemical listed.
Landscaping Safety
Safety hazards and controls in plant nurseries - landscaping safety
Lighting Safety
How to assess lighting conditions. Evaluating the need for an upgrade. Financial considerations.
NFPA Codes
National Fire Protection Association - As part of its commitment to enhancing public safety through the adoption and enforcement of key ANSI codes and standards, NFPA is making all of its codes and standards available for review online by the public.
Office Safety
Office safety training materials - programs, checklists, handouts, safety talks, etc.
Older Person Mobility
Training materials, fatality facts and other information related to elderly drivers and to teenage drivers.
Operator Fatigue
Commercial Motor Vehicle Driver Fatigue and Alertness Study. Facts about drowsy driving and recommendations on effective countermeasures.
OSHA Electrical
OSHA technical resources to assist with control of electrical hazards. Directives and guidance to OSHA inspectors on lockout/tagout inspections.
OSHA Fire Safety
Very large number of technical resources related to OSHA requirements and spray operations, compressed gas, pressure vessels, welding, cutting and brazing. OSHA fire safety standards.
OSHA Forms
Download OSHA logs and forms for workplace injury recordkeeping requirements, complaints
OSHA Ventilation
Technical resources on ventilation, indoor air quality, diesel exhaust, etc.
PPE safety fact sheets and safety meeting outlines. Contact lenses and chemicals. Full text of PPE Program. Technical reference manual. Safety checklists.
Railing Safety
ADA accessibility handrail and grab bar requirements. OSHA, UBC handrail specifications. Ramp railing requirements.
Respiratory Protection
Full text of Respiratory Protection Programs. Information on respirators and respirator programs. Selection and use of particulate respirators. Qualitative fit testing.
Safety Behavior
Guidance on behavioral safety topics. Readings and reference materials on the subject of behavior safety.
Safety Committees
Safety committee development as a component of a corporate safety program.
Safety Management
Integrated safety management systems to reduce death and injury on transportation facilities. Safety delivery system models. Transportation safety research and technology.
Shop Safety
Shop safety hazards, controls and safety program materials - wood shops, machine shops, farm shops, vehicle repair shops, etc
Slips and Falls
Safety bulletins on slips and falls. Technical information on the control of hazards from walking and working surfaces. Safety checklists.
Photoelectric and ionization smoke detectors. How smoke detectors work. Smoke alarm facts. Smoke management in atria.
Spanish language safety training handouts and materials including construction tool box talks
Technical papers on fire protection, suppression systems, halon substitutes, etc. Fire protection engineering. Guidance for sprinkler system maintenance and testing.
Storing Chemicals
Guidelines on proper chemical storage practice. Safety controls. Chemical compatibility charts. Storage cabinets. Safe storage of laboratory chemicals. Corrosion and chemical resistance. Secondary containment storage requirements. Hazardous chemical reactions. Compounds that form peroxides during storage.
Substance Abuse
Full text of US DOT regulations on workplace drug testing programs for transportation. Overview and outline of DOT requirements for drug and alcohol testing. Full text of a commercial driver license alcohol and drug testing program. Research studies that address the problem of drunk driving. Full text of a university's substance abuse program for CDL requirements.
Tank Safety
Code requirements on above ground storage tanks at motor vehicle fuel dispensing stations. EPA secondary containment storage requirements for chemicals. Requirements for closure of UST temporarily or permanently. EPA guidance on tank & piping installation, spill & overfill prevention, corrosion protection & more. Large number of articles on tank specifications, codes, installation, recommended practices, etc. Guidance on EPA leak detection requirements
Thermal Comfort
Thermal stress, thermal comfort guidelines, TLV's for heat and cold exposure,
Violence in Workplace
Guidelines for prevention of workplace violence, risk factors and strategies to manage violence in the workplace. Workplace homicides. Violence in convenience store robberies. Healthcare industry violence. How domestic violence affects the workplace.
Warehouse Safety
Resources on loading dock safety, warehouse fire loss prevention, and other safety hazards and controls related to loading docks and to warehouses.
WC Forms
Obtain access to workers compensation forms for those states who provide them on their websites. The majority can be downloaded.
Workplace Radiation
Resources. Technical reference manuals. Fact sheets. Control of radioactive materials. Radiation safety policies, procedures & manuals. Worker safety training modules & study guides. Full text of radiation safety programs. Guidelines on radioactive material identification, storage, control, transportation, etc. Safety concerns from medical radiology procedures. User guides for workers using equipment that deal with radiation.


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Trucking jobs in Indiana need to be filled immediately by qualified drivers. Indianapolis is home to many trucking companies like Celedon, Oliver and Old Dominion, Werner, Crete...man the list goes on and on. Indianapolis is a great location with interstates intersecting going in all directions. Since Indy is in the middle of the state with all those highways, it's convenient for many trucking companies to get drivers home at decent intervals. You might even be able to find a local trucking drive in Indianapolis, it's a huge Midwest city.
Indiana Trucking Association
Indiana Dot Resources and Information
Indiana Trucking
Intro To A Career in Trucking
Escape From The CB
Use Trucking To Change Bad Habits


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July 2014
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Trendwatch: New Barrel-Aged Vodka
The colorless classic is barreling toward your bar with a new hue.
Hosting a Wine Country-Inspired Outdoor Party
Cookbook author Brigit Binns invites Wine Enthusiast into her rustic home in Paso Robles wine country, hosting an intimate summertime get-together that captures the gorgeous, simple charm of California.
American Lagers for Independence Day
The perfect sip to accompany warm beach days, barbecues and fireworks? Beer, of course!
12 Must-Have Outdoor Items
Don't sacrifice style when taking the party outdoors.
The Art of Wine
Wine Enthusiast ponders Robert Louis Stevenson's famous claim that vino and verse are brothers in art.
4 Gin Cocktails for Summer
Gin's diversity makes it a vital element in these seasonal cocktails.
Guide to Hard Cider
We've created the ultimate guide to drinking down the best of the current boom.
11 American Gins to Try
Although London dry gins will never go out of style, the growing ranks of "New American" or "New Western" gins have made strong strides.
Peach Cocktail Recipe
Yes, it's pretty to look at, but this beauty packs a punch.
24 Summer Rosés
No, rosé's not just for summer any more, but we've yet to find a season that suits these refreshing, versatile wines any better. Grab our top picks while you can.
Kurt Russell on Wine
The Hollywood star talks exclusively to Wine Enthusiast about his passion for winemaking and his new tasting room in California.
7 Wine Faults to Look For
The Wine Enthusiast guide to sussing out that stink like a pro.
Coravin Voluntarily Halts Sales After Reports of Burst Bottles
Plus other news and notes in the world of wine, beer and spirits.
Auction Napa Valley 2014 Sets New Record
The Napa Valley Vintners event raised a record-breaking $18.7 million this year, up from last year's whopping $16.9 million.
Southern Italy's New Wave Whites
For refreshing, terroir-driven white wines loaded with personality, look to Campania and Sicily.
America's 5 Best Beer Cities
Turn your summer escape into a beercation.
5 Artisanal Wine Producers
Once known for producing bulk wine, this region has become the playground of visionary, small-lot winemakers bottling some of California's most exciting juice.
16 Top-Rated Provence Rosés
Versatile rosés from Provence are more popular than ever.
A Rosé by Any Other Name
This adaptable, refreshing pour is the perfect choice for summer.
Three Sweet European Drinks
Dry wines aren't the answer for this season's parched palates. Drink sweet instead.
Whiskey Milkshake Recipe
Prepare to drink down your new favorite summertime dessert, assuming you love whiskey, ice cream—and America!
5 Burger + Wine Pairings
Resist the beer peer pressure to unlock even more thrills from the grill.
Wine + Charcuterie Pairings
Chef-made charcuterie—one of wine's oldest companions—is having a major moment on American menus.
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Community Status Updates
Satans Hockey
I'm so sick of Jimmie Johnson and Chad Knaus. 5 years of this is too damn much.Nov 21 2010 06:39 PM
SteveStevensgetting mad at an athlete for winning championships is kind of pointless. i dont know anything about nascar but it would be more productive to be mad at all of the other drivers.
Nov 21 2010 07:04 PM
Satans HockeyEh, there is a lot more to it then that. Including a flawed system that is the chase plus Johnson being caught cheating a few times without being punished.
Nov 21 2010 08:18 PM
Martyisth3b3stI loathe the Chase. It doesn't bring in new fans, and it just pisses the loyal ones off.
Nov 22 2010 12:11 PM


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When the Diamondbacks reached down to Triple-A to acquire a left-handed bat in Sean Burroughs, it meant the end of Melvin Mora's tenure in Arizona.
Mora was brought in to be an important part of the team at third base, but now ends his Arizona tenure with a forgettable .228/.244/.276 line in 42 games and 135 plate appearances. The only wonder is how long it took for the club to move on.
"We chose to keep Wily Mo," GM Kevin Towers said about why Mora was jettisoned, the Arizona Republic reports.
Of course. Pena, who was recalled to serve as the team's DH in interleague play, bashed his fourth home run in 10 games. While Pena is having trouble getting hits or drawing a walk as evidenced by his .233 average and zero walks in 30 plate appearances, the dude can hit the ball far.
However, Pena will be a man without a position when interleague play ends this weekend. While Pena has been taking fly balls in left and has extensive outfield experience, he is an awful defender and manager Kirk Gibson just isn't ready to deploy Pena onto the field.
That will leave Pena as a glorified pinch-hitter, who will have to deliver if he hopes to stick with the team once infielder Geoff Blum comes off the disabled list, which won't be until after the All-Star break.For more baseball news, rumors and analysis, follow @cbssportsmlb on Twitter or subscribe to the RSS feed.


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College basketball roundup: No. 5 Indiana races past PSU
TribLIVE Sports Videos
UNIVERSITY PARK — Christian Watford scored 16 points, Jordan Hulls added 14 and No. 5 Indiana used a big first-half run to race past Penn State, 74-51, on Monday night.
The Hoosiers' breakneck offense could rarely be stopped in the first half before the pace slowed down in a sloppy second half. But it barely mattered after Indiana (14-1, 2-0 Big Ten) built a 19-point lead in the first half behind Watford's inside-out game and Hulls' quick-release jumpers.
Jermaine Marshall had 11 points for the Nittany Lions (8-6, 0-2), which had a five-game home winning streak snapped. Ross Travis added 14 points and five rebounds.
Penn State's D.J Newbill, filling in for injured star guard Tim Frazier, finished with eight points on 3-of-15 shooting.
The slower pace in the second half played to Penn State's favor after the teams combined for 15 turnovers over the first nine minutes after halftime.
The Nittany Lions could never muster anything close to a consistent run.
The Hoosiers' lead didn't dip below double digits in the second half. Indiana shot 52 percent for the game to 31 percent for Penn State.
No. 17 Notre Dame 66, No. 21 Cincinnati 60 — Jerian Grant scored 19 points for Notre Dame, which won its 12th straight.
Notre Dame (14-1, 2-0 Big East) is off to the best start during coach Mike Brey's 13 seasons.
The Fighting Irish shot 50 percent from the field and went 9 of 16 behind the arc.
Sean Kilpatrick had 15 points for Cincinnati (13-3, 1-2), which has lost three straight at home for the first time since 2006-07, coach Mick Cronin's first season at the school.
District women
Robert Morris 71, Bryant 69 — Artemis Spanou scored 26 points and had a career-high 20 rebounds as Robert Morris won its third straight.
Spanou's 20-20 game is the first for the Colonials (3-10, 2-0 NEC) since 2004. Lou Mataly tacked on 16 points.
The Colonials had a 59-38 lead with 10 minutes to play, but Bryant went on a 31-12 run to close the gap. Robert Morris made its late free throws to stave off the comeback.
Courtney Schissler led Bryant (4-8, 0-2) with 20 points.
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I cant decide whether to take Dylan Thomas admonition to not go gentle into that good night.
Old age, the poet wrote, should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
Inspiring indeed. But instead Im raging against those who would retire me before my time. Trouble is, my reservoir of rage is running dry. Im increasingly resigned to the pigeonholing.
Its happening more frequently now. I was indignant at first. In response I would reel off a list of all my activities to justify my existence.
But I dont feel compelled anymore. Its nobodys business. And if they want to think Im retired, be my guest.
I will never consider myself retired whatever thats supposed to mean any more. My Dad for example, worked at something almost until the day he died at 90.
In fact I believe this whole concept of retirement is indefinable and obsolete. Once it made sense for those employed for most of their lives in hard, physical trades.
When their substance was exhausted, they often faced a short, poverty stricken dotage. Social Security was created to keep them from living in horrible conditions. Today the program is in trouble with so many relatively well-off retirees living longer and healthier. How sad.
Many of us have spent our working lives in a countdown toward retirement, gambling that job longevity will enable us to eventually retire in relative comfort.
Twice when I landed solid jobs with good benefits, it wasnt long before I began calculating when I could retire. Then I knew it was time to leave. That sweet security had became quicksand sucking me in instead. So the countdown has never worked for me.
Consequently, I now work for myself and I suppose I am starting to look retired with my graying hair and magnificent silver whiskers.
My flexible schedule has largely rescued me from the tyranny of clocks. I no longer jump up at 6 a.m., scarf a hasty breakfast, and race to the office late as usual cursing the gauntlet of traffic cameras.
Nor do I still work for the weekends or rare extended holidays. Instead I work invisibly at my home office and rarely take vacations.
I dont ever expect to retire. But being peppered with questions and assaulted with allegations has made me think about what retirement might look like. Apparently the transition is difficult for many, despite the dreamy fantasy of boating and travelling the world.
Life is full of many such transitions. During this pensive time of year, I reflect on change and the passage of time.
In what seems a few short years, the boisterous and cheery neighbor children have returned home with boisterous and cheery grandchildren.
Parents are moving their toddlers into dorm rooms and giving last-minute advice, ever hopeful that the toddlers, now grown, will remember. Be nice. Wash your hands. No hitting.
I guess since I have the time and am sitting here at my computer listening to the howling of a lonely dog missing his people now in school, I will take advantage and try to pay attention to the little things. Time is slipping by. I havent even got my boat loaded onto the trailer yet. When I retire, I hope to see you at the reservoir.
Dan MacArthur is a Fort Collins writer whos not the retiring type.


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Favorite Movies
Ultrasound Rated 4.4256 Stars Music video for Johnny Massacre's debut release, 'Ultrasound' (contains giant robots). Music Video asdfmovie4 Rated 4.4358 Stars I'm gonna do an internet! Comedy - Original I Like Trains Rated 4.4390 Stars ...do you? Music Video The Anger of Animation Rated 4.2847 Stars An animation comes to life. Action
Favorite Games
Stealing the Diamond Rated 4.4885 Stars Henry's out of prison, but it doesn't seem like he learned his lesson. Adventure - Other *Flight* Rated 4.4483 Stars Throw a paper plane as far as you can. Collect points and upgrade! Action - Shooter - Horizontal Flight Fancy Pants Adventures Rated 4.3646 Stars The Adventures of Fancy Pants Man: World 1 Action - Platformer - Hop and Bop Super Smash Flash Rated 4.1800 Stars An amazing flash clone of Super Smash Bros. Melee! Action - Fighting - VS
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Profit 10 Points Collect $500 in a single flight. Medal Stats.
Lift Off 5 Points Travel 200m in a single flight. Medal Stats.
High Flyer 5 Points Reach an altitude of 15m. Medal Stats.
Ultimate Goatman 10 Points Unlock the goat costume. Baaa Medal Stats.
Thrill Seeker 10 Points Flirt with death. Medal Stats.
Save Us 25 Points Don't kill the creatures in 'DROP3'. Medal Stats.
Save Me 25 Points Don't kill the creature in 'REFLEX'. Medal Stats.
Bridge 10 Points Use the button to create a bridge. Medal Stats.
Believe Me 5 Points Jump on the enemy in 'TRUST'. Medal Stats.
Immortal 5 Points Dont commit suicide in 'SUICIDE'. Medal Stats.
Total Medals Earned: 294 (From 19 different games.)
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The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, digitized and searchable, gives fascinating information on beer and how it was sold in this period. I will summarize salient points from about a dozen articles written between about 1875 and 1895.
Reporters made fields trips to saloons and breweries and reported in detail on these topics. No taste notes are given, except in the sense of noting that each brewery made a beer distinguishable by devoted consumers. Also, beer faults are noted, e.g., if it was "acetic", "muddy", or not the right temperature.
It was observed that whiskey was generally consumed by those who imbibed earlier in the century but slowly beer became more popular, to the point that "seventeen out of twenty" drinkers in a barroom would call for lager beer. Of the remaining three, two wanted ale and the last whiskey.
I suspect (although this is not stated) that in the North East, inexpensive whiskey (young or little aged or blended) lost its market largely to beer, but quality bourbon and rye became favored by the well-off classes, as did mixed drinks.
It was noted (as is known to beer historians) that German immigrants brought lager beer to America and this became much more popular than "ale" (the latter included stout and porter). It was explained that lager's cold temperature made it "the" summer drink, and it was preferred by many in other seasons as well. Ale was regarded as potentially of good quality, as e.g. in England (constantly cited as a model), but was inferior to lager because often served too warm or cloudy. While not stated as such, clearly top-fermented ales were going sour more often than stable, long- and cold- aged lagers. However, it was noted that ale quality was improving in that ales were becoming "lighter", "clearer" and colder. Indeed, cream ale and other blonde ales emerged by the end of the 1800's to take back some of the market lost to lagers.
The color of lager is never (that I found) mentioned except in a vague sense of referring to a refreshing "amber" quaff. Probably lagers then were dark or amber, mostly, although Budweiser was of a color similar today's since it followed the Pilsener style (broadly) emerging in Pilsen, then part of Austria. Old beer ads of Bud I've seen (circa-1900) seem to confirm its light color.
Lagers were fermented at near freezing temperatures using bottom fermenting yeasts and ales were made at 60 F. or over using top yeasts - the distinction then seems similar to that today. The best lager breweries then aged their lagers for 8 months - few would do that today. Lager was also sold new and this is referred to as "Schenk" beer and some of it was possibly unfiltered.
Ales in common use were India Pale Ale, Pale Ale or XXX, Canada Malt ale and Burton, the latter clearly patterned after the famous ales of Burton-on-Trent. Ale, too was sold new or aged. Burton was by the mid-1800's in England not as strong and sweet as it had been, and probably was like a good special bitter or ESB in the UK (and parts of the U.S.) today. The Canada name in Canada Malt ale came from the origin of the barley malt used for this type, it was grown in Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario. This beer was dark and not well-hopped. It was said to be somewhat in a Scotch ale style, which would make sense since much of Ontario was settled by Scots and they would have brought the taste. Perhaps that beer would taste like a modern MacEwan's Scotch Ale.
India Pale Ale was stated to be well-hopped as one would expect, the color is not mentioned but other sources of the time suggest these beers were not amber or dark but truly pale as the name suggests. It was stronger than XXX or regular pale ale.
One Daily Eagle article states (1870's) that ale quality hadn't much improved in the previous 20 years except that one did not see any more "handpulls" and "goosenecks". This appartus, familiar to anyone who knows real ale well and which has endured in England uninterruptedly since the early 1800's, had disappeared from Brooklyn by the 1870's! How amazed would the scribes of the Daily Eagle be to see beer hand pumps reappear behind some bars in modern America! The article did project however that ale would improve and it did of course as I have stated - by transmuting ultimately into an ale/lager hybrid. (Canadian sparkling ales, such as Molson Export Ale, devised in around 1903, represented a similar evolution).
Perhaps the American climate, more extreme than the U.K.'s, made this change inevitable although of course today the pre-lager styles have come back full bore via the microbreweries. It is still true though that these ales are more stable, even without pasteurisation, than their forbears. This is due to modern methods of filtration, temperature control and packaging.
Ale was also regarded as stronger on average than lager beer - true then as now (broadly speaking of course).
Beer was served in "seidels", a German term for mug, or "schooners". I recall a restaurant in Plattsburgh, NY in the early 1970's serving draft beer in glasses called schooners on the menu. Probably the term has since completely died out, but it hung on for 100 years in some parts of New York State after the time in question.
One aspect of beer sales which has disappeared (mostly) is selling beer in "cans" or "growlers", i.e., in containers to be taken out for drinking at home. Young people often were sent to the saloons for this purpose, and it was noted they became adept at insisting on full measure and receiving the correct change.
It was claimed that little margin was earned on selling beer in cans or growlers, but that it was a loss leader and no barroom could afford to dispense with the practice.
The institution of the "free lunch" was analysed with picturesque or wry references to patrons who abused the practice. The items on offer varied but included pretzels, "Saratoga chips" (these must have been our modern potato chips), smoked and other herrings, cheese, crackers, and sausages of different kinds.
The intermittently busy life of a bartender was described with some compassion for people who worked, then, 6 days a week, and long hours on each day, and who spent their one free day often at "Sheepshead" (Sheepshead Bay on Long Island) or Coney Island, which needs no introduction. Despite their grueling schedule they often retained their good humor. It was noted that a good bartender was the guarantee of success of an establishment - little has changed in this respect.
Reading through these articles, one gets a sense that overall, saloon life was becoming oriented around draught beer (as it still is to a large degree), and whiskey was becoming more a specialist item available on its own or in mixed drinks. The fashion for mixed drinks seems to have waxed and waned, one article in around 1875 states that cocktails were losing popularity in favor of whiskey unadorned - there were trends and fashions then as now...
To the pioneering drink journalists of the later-1800's Brooklyn Daily Eagle I lift a glass, for the engaging apercu they gave us of drink types and customs in their time - a time withal that despite many changes is quite recognisable today.


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i really liked those characters, would be interesting if there was one that can controll an enemy!
Welcome to Last Limb Games. Organic Panic has been 5 years in the making, and we're happy to announce that it's nearly done. Meat & Cheese battle Fruit & Veg in a quirky physics puzzler featuring real fluids, totally destructible levels, real fire, and an in-game editor to build and share your own levels!
A few character sketches from 2011, scene by the public for the first time
Posted by LastLimbGames on Jul 11th, 2013
Through the 5 year long development process the scope of our game continued to grow.
In honor of Throwback Thursday hear are few characters that have been cut from the initial release of Organic Panic.
These early sketches were an essential part of the development process as we felt out each character and how well they fit into the game.
There is still hope, because if we reach our stretch goals a few of these characters may sneak their way back in.
Then again a completely new character could be added to the gang (See our pledge rewards)
Please pledge your support: Kickstarter.com
After less than 48 hours we made it onto the Kickstarter Staff Picks Games page. We still have a long way to go but it is a great start!
i really liked those characters, would be interesting if there was one that can controll an enemy!
Like a double agent (looks like meat) or more along the lines of a Warg in Game of Thrones?
About the closest thing we have to that is Coconut, who controls gravity and can pick up enemies.
Thanks for the feeback


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All-Star Band Concert Set for January 25
Lakeland College band director Chris Werner will be working with band directors of Eastern Valley Conference-member schools to put together an all-star concert in the Little Chute area on Jaunary 25.
With a total of 400 students, the group will gather in the morning for a day of rehearsing prior to the evening performance. The middle school honors groups will perform their concert at 3 p.m. in the Little Chute Fieldhouse, followed by the high school honors concert at 4:30 p.m. Werner is directing the high school honors band. Both concerts are free and open to the public.
The Easter Valley Conference Honors Band performance will be comprised of students from Berlin, Clintonville, Fox Valley Lutheran, Freedom, Little Chute, Omro, Ripon, Waupaca, Winneconne, and Xavier.
"It's a great opportunity to get the students playing together," Werner said. "It is an 'all-star' type of experience in that they are coming together, the best of the best, in a short time to put on a concert. A group of 400 students who haven't played a note together will assemble a full concert program with about eight hours of rehearsal time. That's pretty cool!"
Senior Art Exhibit Opens January 24
Lakeland College will spotlight the work of two senior art students when the first of two Lakeland Senior Art Student Portfolio Exhibitions opens on Friday, Jan. 24.
Tyler Holman, of Sheboygan, and Jinsu Ryu, of Tokyo, Japan, will discuss their work during an opening reception beginning at 4:30 p.m. in the Bradley Gallery, located in the Bradley Fine Arts Building on Lakeland's campus.
The exhibit, which will feature works created by these students during their time at Lakeland, will run through Feb. 24. The Bradley Gallery is open from 8 a.m.-4 p.m., Monday through Friday, when the college is in session. Attendance at the reception and admittance to the Bradley Gallery are both free and open to the public.
The senior art show is a requirement for all Lakeland art majors. Students gain the experience of having their own exhibit, and are responsible for advertising (creating a poster), mounting the exhibition, speaking at the opening reception and removing all of their work when the exhibit is over. This gives the students a real life experience as a professional artist, which will be very useful after they graduate and continue to exhibit their artwork.
Holman is working towards a bachelor's degree in art with a studio art and graphic art emphasis. He has various art-related work experiences including internships and substitute instructor positions where he has selected and directed student driven designs and instructed his peers.
Holman is also the recipient of several art related awards, a second-place award for his pastel drawing in the Lakeland College Annual Competitive Student Art Exhibition, and a medal in computer illustration from the Eastern Wisconsin Conference Art Show, to name a couple. He is extremely self-driven and has a very unique style.
"There's a structure to the process I use when creating art," Holman said. "It's not painstaking or torturous. That would be silly. Instead, the structure is simple, and makes the event of creation rewarding, desirable and quite addicting. The structure consists of layers that describe who I am, the ideas I have, the field I'm pursuing and the message I wish to convey through art."
Lakeland to celebrate MLK with Peace Walk
Lakeland College will celebrate Martin Luther King Day with a Peace Walk on the afternoon of Monday, Jan. 20.
Beginning at 4:30 p.m., members of the Lakeland community — students, faculty, staff, alumni and friends of the college — are invited to gather in the Younger Family Campus Center. The group will depart Lakeland by 4:45 p.m. for a candlelit walk up the hill to Immanuel United Church of Christ, located on the corner of County Roads M and FF. The Lakeland group will be joined by Immanuel congregation members at the church.
Following some remarks about King's legacy and a message of peace, everyone will walk back to Lakeland's campus center for coffee, hot chocolate, snacks and fellowship.
Photo from the National Archives and Records Administration.
Lakeland College Campus Shop announces new hours
The following are the Lakeland College Campus Shop dates and hours of operation beginning February 3:
Regular spring term operating hours run March 31 through May 31.
Visit the Lakeland College Campus Shop website for more information.
VITA program again providing free tax assistance
Every year during tax time, Lakeland College accounting students power the local Volunteer Income Tax Assistance program, which provides free tax return service for lower-income citizens.
"VITA is a wonderful thing," says Lakeland College graduate Brittney Mauk, who completed her degree in accounting last December and now works for Schenck Business Solutions. "Not only did it give me hands-on experience; it also connects Lakeland College students to the community. It's such a great feeling to see the joy in people's faces and hear them say, 'Thank you so much!'"
The Sheboygan VITA program, sponsored by Guaranty Bank and Schenck SC, takes place one night a week from 5-9 p.m. and on Saturday from 9:30 a.m.-2 p.m. at the Sheboygan Salvation Army. For participating Lakeland College students, the volunteer work is linked to their Federal Income Tax 2 class.
Brett Killion, in his third year as Lakeland's assistant professor of accounting, said his students – with help from Lakeshore Technical College students – handled 766 state returns and 665 federal returns last spring. The average federal return yielded $1,356 and the average Sheboygan VITA state refund was $540.
In its first nine years, Lakeland's program has collected more than $9 million in tax refunds for low income earners in the area.
"You're dealing with live emotions," says Lakeland senior Tara Guell, who will graduate with her accounting degree in May and who works with VITA. "Happy, sad, angry, confused … I can relate to the people coming in for help. As a single mother I once struggled with some of the things they're going through. It feels good when we can help."
Lower-income citizens bring in their paperwork and conduct a short interview with the accounting student assigned to the return. There are 10 computers set up in the Salvation Army for the Lakeland students to use. Most returns take between an hour and an hour-and-a-half. The returns are then reviewed by the more experienced students and tax practitioners. After that, the paperwork is compiled. Mauk says she has completed anywhere from one to five returns per shift.
"There are people out there who are struggling," says Killion. "We provide that free service and hopefully put dollars in their pockets."
Citizens who receive money aren't the only ones with a sense of reward. "We actually have alums contact me and volunteer to help, even after they graduate," says Killion.


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Danica McKellar
'The Wonder Years'
What happened to Winnie Cooper? Well ... she grew up: Danica McKellar stripped down for Maxim in 2010, proving that she's definitely not a little girl anymore. Since her days as Kevin Arnold's crush-turned-girlfriend, Danica has written three New York Times children's best-sellers, each encouraging girls to enjoy and succeed at math. In June 2012, she and her husband, composer Mike Verta, filed for divorce. The two will share custody of their 1-year-old son.
© 2015 Whalerock Industries


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About the Authors
- Alexander Y. Mitrophanov, Eduardo A. Groisman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Alexander Y. Mitrophanov, Mollie W. Jewett, Tricia J. Hadley, Eduardo A. Groisman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
Corresponding Author
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: AYM MWJ EAG. Performed the experiments: AYM MWJ TJH. Analyzed the data: AYM MWJ EAG. Wrote the paper: AYM MWJ EAG. Developed mathematical models: AYM.


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X-Men: First Class successfully relaunched the marquee franchise, and was one of the best reviewed tentpoles of the year, as well as earning $353.6 million worldwide. The sequel should benefit from the attention Michael Fassbender and Jennifer Lawrence have attracted via upcoming projects such as Fassbender's Prometheus and Lawrence's starring role in the hotly anticipated adaptation of The Hunger Games.
Should be amazing


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Introduction / History
The Awngi language is spoken by the Awi people, who live mainly in Awi Zone in Amhara Region, but also in Dangur District of Metekel Zone of Benishangul Gumuz Region and in Q'uara and Alefa Districts of North Gonder Zone of Amhara Region in Northern Ethiopia. The North Gonder Zone Awis have previously been called Kunfäl. Awis are predominantly farmers (using a plow) and very similar in culture to Amharas. The North Gonder Zone Awis, however, are very different in culture to the rest of the group. There are three subgroups: the Awigna, the Himtigna and the Kimantigna.
What Are Their Beliefs?
Awis are strongly Ethiopian Orthodox Christians and very resistant to any form of Protestant Christianity. The Awi people accepted Orthodox Christianity hundred of years ago, and therefore they have integrated it into their culture.
|Profile Source: Anonymous
Expanded PDF Profile


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Our mission is to help students become biblically competent, academically proficient, spiritually formed and culturally engaged servant leaders, shaped to be a transforming force in the church, community and world.
Stay connected to our community and help the next generation of Christian leaders become agents of positive change, whether they're serving across the street or across an ocean.
Dr. Willard M. Aldrich, President Emeritus, received the Northwest Christian
Community Foundation's Christian Servant Award at a banquet on Tuesday evening,
March 19, 2002. Dr. Aldrich, one of the school's founders and president from
1943-1978, currently serves on the board of trustees. Nominated by Dr. Daniel
Lockwood on behalf of Multnomah Bible College and Seminary, Dr. Aldrich was
one of 42 nominees, 12 of whom received the Christian Servant Award. In honor
of Dr. Aldrich's achievement, NCCF presented a $3,000 gift to Multnomah.
In the nominee profile of Dr. Aldrich, his longtime colleague and registrar,
Ms. Joyce Kehoe, wrote, "Dr. Willard M. Aldrich assumed leadership during [Multnomah's]
fragile beginnings. ... During his 35 years as president, enrollment grew
to 804 in 1975, the highest until 2000. His personal efforts moved Multnomah
into position as a degree-granting college, one of the earliest Bible colleges
to attain that distinction."


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November 29, 2015
LEXINGTON, Ky. (WKYT) – UK football is losing a player, while another announces he will return for another season.
Wide receiver Daryl Collins, a sophomore from Gadsden, Ala., is leaving the program, UK confirmed. Collins had one reception for five yards this past season.
Defensive end Za'Darius Smith, a highly touted junior college transfer, announced via Twitter on Saturday that he was staying with the Wildcats another year.
"Big Blue Nation.. I have made my decision. I will be staying in Lexington another year. #WeAreUK," Smith Tweeted.
Smith's return, coupled with the announcement on Friday that Alvin "Bud" Dupree also was returning, gives the Wildcats a solid defensive end alignment.
Click Here to access the online Public Inspection File
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Welcome to PIE Mapping, the UK's leading expert in Smart City and national digital mapping, data and routing services.
Since 2004 we've been working with event organisers, venue owners, freight operators, property developers, local and city authorities, integrators, developers and more to develop innovative, data-rich mapping solutions that help vehicles navigate efficiently, accurately and compliantly through or very complex and restrictions cities and road network.
As Big Data plays an increasing role in how we live, so has our technology developed to include complex routing and mapping services that help in constructing smarter cities across the globe.More about PIE Mapping


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Amazon Web Services adds software marketplace
updated 01:30 pm EDT, Thu April 19, 2012
AWS to sell app deployment to cloud service
Amazon Web Services has introduced a "one-click deployment" software store for its users. The AWS Marketplace allows customers to buy and deploy web-based software directly onto Amazon's IT infrastructure.
AWS aims to make website development easier through Amazon's system, offering a simpler way to choose software utilities that can be powered by the company's cloud servers. The initial offering includes software from Microsoft, IBM, SUSE, Red Hat, and others; and open source tools such as Wordpress, Drupal and MediaWiki.
Software is available at a variety of prices, including pay-by-the-hour and free options, with an additional AWS infrastructure cost on top.