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Ealing 15.6°c
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Goldings Road, Loughton, Essex IG10
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Located in a popular modern development within easy reach of Loughton High Road and Epping Forest this ...
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The Unwritten Rules of Surfing
A little help out in the waves from our friends at http://www.totalsurfingfitness.com/. (more…)
Learn to Surf online: COMING SOON
For the countdown to Summer, we are launching a new blog series covering the essentials of learning to surf and progression. Beginner or Improver, stay tuned for essential information you can use as preparation for your Surf Camp, or use it to improve your surfing and practice what you learnt after camp all over Australia. (more…)

subset: commoncrawl


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Cavendish, Little Titchfield Street, Marylebone, Regent, Harrow
Cavendish, Little Titchfield Street, Marylebone, Regent, Harrow
Little Titchfield Street, Marylebone, Regent
Industry experts discussed the BBC's future at the University of Westminster
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Kimberley (city, South Africa)
Kimberley (kĬm´bərlē), city, now part and seat of Sol Plaatje local municipality, Northern Cape prov., South Africa. Since the 19th cent. the city has been primarily a diamond-mining center, but underground mining, which had not been profitable for some time, was halted in mid-2005. The mine's tailings dumps continue to be processed, and textiles, construction materials, and machinery are manufactured. Kimberley is also an important railroad junction.
The city was founded in 1871 when diamonds were discovered on a nearby farm. The De Beers Consolidated Mines, organized by Cecil Rhodes, assumed control of the diamond fields in 1888, and its headquarters are still in Kimberley. In 1899–1900, during the South African War, the city was besieged for 124 days by Boer (Afrikaner) forces. Northern Cape Urban FET College and the McGregor Museum are in Kimberley.


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ManonItem #: HL.50338380
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Composed by Jules Massenet. Arranged by G Mead.
Vocal Score. Vocal Score. Voicing/Format: SCORE. 7.5x10.7 inches. 394 pages. Published by G. Schirmer, Inc.. (HL.50338380)
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text: jambop - Unregistered May 04, 2013 10:56 AM Hypez99 not at all ! They are fast and I am not knocking that BUT they are not really good racers! When it comes to rubbing bodywork and really mixing it out on the track they are not interested, all they really want is a clear track in front and no pressure from anybody behind. Marquez is a racer! He will give as good as he gets but JL,DP and CC I don't think so. 0 agree 1 disagree


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Quick AN: This is a story originally written by a friend, but she passed it onto me to write. I changed a lot of the orginal plot, though :P
"Hey look! It's the Big Dipper!"
"Lies; it's Donald Duck, duh!"
"No way, idiot! It's the Big Dipper!"
"No, it's Mickie Mouse!"
Aleksandra and Kyran had gotten to know each other well in those two short years they had together. Though their interests clashed, they were best friends, and spent most of their time together. It was one of those rare friendship, where nothing came between them. Well, almost nothing.
"Yes, Ky?" Allie replied, looking at Kyran's bright blue eyes.
"I-" Kyran stopped when he heard his father's remark.
"Can you believe them growing up and falling in love?" Peter, Kyran's father said, chuckling.
"I think they would be a perfect match," replied Allie's father, John, smiling at the both of them.
Allie turned her head towards Kyran, nervously wondering what Kyran was about to say.
"Psh, no way!" Kyran replied, even though he wanted to say I love you.
"Yep. Especially with a little jerk like you," Allie's voice was filled with tease, but she frowned at Kyran.
He shrugged his shoulders, pretending to not care. But in fact, those words hurt him more then anything else.
An awkward silence followed, before anyone spoke a word.
"Hey, let's play truth or dare!"
"I go first!" Allie was disappointed, but masked it with an excited grin, "Truth or dare?"
"Okay," she smirked at Kyran and continued, "Is it true that you kissed Alyssa McFee last week?"
Kyran blanched and looked at Allie's gem green eyes, telling her to forget and let it all go. Allie's smirk grew wider, but deep down inside, her heart ached.
Not knowing what else to say, Kyran simply said, "I'm sorry."
I love you, he added silently, wishing he could say what he thought.
"I know." Allie rolled her eyes, acting as if she didn't care. But honestly? She did; and she cared a lot.
"Your turn, Truth or Dare?" Kyran asked, his eyes glinting with happiness and relief.
"Is it true that you like Adam Johnson?"
Allie's eyes widen in shock, "Ew, no! I hate that boy! Why think that?" She made a face, and Kyran couldn't help but smirk.
"I dare you to kiss me, Kyran," Allie whispered mischievously, leaning over Kyran.
Kyran, on the other hand, was shocked. He had dreamed of kissing Allie for how long? Though only at the age of eleven, he had already dated five other girls-all to get the one he loved jealous. Allie.
Kyran leaned in to kiss her, but instead, she giggled and ran away, tricking Kyran playfully in the process. He laughed, though he couldn't help but feel a pang of disappointment.


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I've gotten into instant film pretty seriously in the past year, via a Polaroid Land Camera Model 100, Colorpack II and Fuji PA-145 film back on my 4x5 camera (for the Fuji pack films) plus a Polaroid Model 600, SX-70 and two Spectras (for the Impossible Project films). The cost of the Polaroid cameras ranged from $6 for a Spectra to $75 for the SX-70.
The Fuji pack film makes nice images and isn't too expensive. The old 1960's and '70's cameras usually work pretty well, although it takes a while to get used to their primitive autoexposure. I've tried drying, cleaning and scanning the negatives from both B&W and color and they're fun to experiment with. Taking a photo with pack film is a deliberate process though, especially if you're worrying about saving the negatives.
When choosing an automatic Polaroid pack camera, I would recommend the older rangefinder models with the "Scene Selector" switch on the front. This allows full aperture of approximately f10 in low light situations, which works very well with the Fuji FP-3000B B&W film (ISO 3000).
The integrated Impossible films avoid the muss and fuss of goopy negatives and waste paper, but this convenience is offset by the 40-60 minutes it takes for an image to fully develop. This is not Instant Photography, it's a One Hour Photo. The slowness makes it very hard to make compensating adjustments in exposure or lighting, plus the $3 cost per print is a serious disincentive to experimentation. Generally, the colors in Impossible prints are somewhat murky, with a yellow or blue-green cast overall.
Films for the SX-70 and 600 cameras (PX type) are prone to streaking and blank spots because of uneven developer spreading. The SX-70 that I have is an early model with manual focus and indeed it's a wonderful mechanism to unfold and behold. However, the camera was originally designed for ISO 100 film and the PX-70 film is actually quite a bit faster than that, so you must remember to adjust the exposure control wheel in the 'darken' direction whenever you open the camera. My Model 600 camera is awkward and clunky and the flash always fires no matter what, but at least the PX-680 film is the right speed for that camera.
I've been much more pleased with the Impossible film for the Spectra cameras (PZ type), both in the wider aspect ratio of the photos and in the more consistently acceptable color and exposure. Spectra cameras date from the 1980's and '90's and have sonar autofocus, sophisticated autoexposure and variable flash. They come in several versions, the most useful type being the original "Spectra System" models with the switches on the back that control functions like autofocus and flash override. The later "Spectra II" cameras lack these switches, but otherwise perform well.
I haven't tried the Impossible B&W films yet, but they are reportedly very fussy about temperature and need to be carefully dried to ensure long term image stability. Overall, the Impossible Project films are a work in progress, but their image quality is steadily improving.
No matter which Impossible film you use, be sure to purchase the appropriate "Frog Tongue" accessory that fits your camera. The emerging print is very vulnerable to light when it first zips out of the camera and keeping it covered with something like the Frog Tongue for the first 5-10 seconds is very important for final picture quality and contrast.


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|By Michael Souza | March 12, 2013 | Comments
There were some hits, and some misses. Let's take a closer look
The tribute video for Paul Bearer to open the show was done perfectly, and The Undertaker paying homage with the urn in the ring was a nice touch. RIP. It was smart to tie in Bearer's passing with Punk's promo to build the match. There was no disrespect, and gives The Undertaker something more to fight for.
Both CM Punk vs. Kane and Dolph Ziggler vs. Daniel Bryan were by far the matches of the night. Both of them were completely different, but perfect in their own way. Punk vs. Kane was an all-out war and related well with the passing of Bearer, while Bryan and Ziggler crafted a pro wrestling masterpiece. Kane coming out the victor in the Main Event was a nice final acknowledgment of Paul. Punk leaving with the urn was a fantastic twist, only further solidifying his place at the top of the heel ranks.
It was good to see Ziggler get a win on TV, and Bryan was a formidable opponent to make him look great in the victory. I was hoping for a match between The Show Off and Chris Jericho at Met Life Stadium, but it looks like Y2J will be in the IC Title picture moving forward. It's strange to see Jericho involved with The Miz and Wade Barrett, and poses even more questions as to where Ziggler fits into the WM29 picture.
Zeb Coulter's segment was clever, entertaining, and very controversial. Zeb took his views to a new level in his promo last night, which made the Del Rio vs. Swagger build much hotter than it has been for weeks. The same thing applies to this feud, as it does for Rock/Cena, keep it serious and personal. As funny as the parody promo was, Coulter and Swagger are going for Del Rio's throat with what they have said. ADR needs to match that intensity and make us believe he is fighting for himself and his culture.
The Brock Lesnar vs. Triple H program turned right back around last night with the work of Paul Heyman. He is the perfect mouthpiece for Brock, and has made this match so much more personal. This guy can do no wrong on the mic, and the added stipulation is a perfect twist. I would imagine that it would be for Heyman's ownership stake in the company vs. HHH's job or something like that. Either way, it will inject Vince and Heyman right into the eye of this storm and make it another focal point moving towards WrestleMania which is a very good thing.
As much as the concept of two heavyweights battling it out at WrestleMania looks good on paper, Ryback vs. Mark Henry is not a good idea. Henry will probably get Shell-Shocked in the high spot of the match (If Ryback can actually lift him), but the rest of the bout will be a slow, sloppy bore-fest. At this point, a short program between two guys that can just stare at one another to build a brute vs. brute match is an easy way out with these two. Listen, I will be in attendance for Mania and I hope they prove me wrong, but at this point I think Creative could have done a better job with Ryback and his role at WM29.
It is very odd that Sheamus and Randy Orton are not playing a bigger part as we move towards Mania. I understand that they will take on The Shield, but I was almost certain that they would be battling for the WHC. Del Rio and Swagger has been good, but I am not exactly sure that their feud needed a title within its program to get over. Orton and Sheamus are two of the top talents within WWE, and the company is missing the boat without them going for a championship on the biggest night of the year. Also, it would be a perfect opportunity to turn Orton heel.
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Full Paul Heyman Backstage MSG Video, Mark Henry Endorses Bayley, Stephen Amell Thanks WWE Fans
Daniel Bryan On His Match With Roman Reigns, Wrestling Shawn Michaels, Roddy Piper, More
Sting WWE DVD Intro Video, Batista Lands Magazine Cover, WWE Tough Enough On The WWE Network
Lucha Underground Filming And Season Premiere Updates, New Japan Pro Wrestling PPV Coverage
WWE NXT Diva Debuting With New Look (Photo), King Barrett Talks Neville Match, Bayley's Superfan
Finn Balor Carrying Object To The Ring (Photo), WWE Coach Talks WWE NXT Growth, Tapings Update
Paige And The Miz Movie Trailer, Corey Graves Hosting Impact Awards, WWE VP Job, Wrestler On SNL
** SPOILERS ** WWE SmackDown Results For This Week
Backstage Note On Matt Hardy Vacating The TNA World Heavyweight Title
Matt Hardy Vacates TNA World Heavyweight Championship
WWE NXT "Takeover: Respect" Results - Iron Man Match, Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic, Asuka, More
Backstage News On The Rock And The Undertaker Working More With WWE This Year


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A member of the PRA team is standing by to answer your questions.
We're hiring at PRA and with a great job you get great benefits including free parking!
Aspirus Keweenaw Hospital invites the public to a Community Open House event on Tuesday, July 21 to commemorate the grand opening of a new addition at the hospital.
As young designers, students with vast imaginations and curiosities are continuously looking to expand on their creative ideas. In less than a decade, Fabrication Laboratories (Fab Labs) have emerged across the globe to meet these growing needs and work alongside our emerging technology.
As of May 26, 2015, our new Milwaukee Address will be:
209 South Water Street
Milwaukee, WI 53204
Linda Moses, Director of Interior Design, served as a judge at the The 17th Annual Starnet Design Awards.


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"John's my guy. I like John. And John can pitch. He led our club last year in wins." -- Davey Johnson on John Lannan, March 26
Perhaps the most significant domino effect of yesterday's doubleheader against the Dodgers is the fact the Nationals will need to find a fill-in starter for Sunday's game against the Brew
Game in a nutshell: While much of the baseball world questioned the decision to shut down Stephen Strasburg over the weekend, the Nationals insisted all along they had a capable late-season replace
It took nearly 79 seasons of baseball in the District of Columbia for the home team to hit six home runs in one game for the first time.
After a start of six scoreless innings against the Mets back on July 19, Nats pitcher Jordan Zimmermann spoke to Mark Zuckerman about his season, now three years removed from Tommy John surgery.


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realmente quiero tirarmela
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now somebody should be down there lickin her hot wet pussy while she's sucking his big hard cock !
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The Mars levitating speaker features a UFO-style disc that floats above a sleek black subwoofer column. And that's only the start of its cool features.
The ESA has put a levitating furnace on the International Space Station. Getting it to work right required a bit of shaving cream.
The Om/One speaker prototype pulls off the nifty trick of floating in the air and spinning while it plays your favorite tunes.
On today's Tomorrow Daily, we've got weird pairings aplenty: three Denny's-remixed Atari classics, a maglev monorail, and a crazy overpowered water gun.
On today's Tomorrow Daily, Denny's announced three remixed Atari classics, Israel plans on testing a levitating monorail within 2 years, and Sugru made a crazy overpowered water gun. Also, we back (or hack?) Pond's wireless charger, and read your emoji tweets.
Make like a real-life Harry Potter with this gaming wand, now trying to work some magic on Kickstarter.
Japanese Scientists have used acoustic levitation to not just levitate objects in space, but, incredibly, move them around.
Researchers develop a clever way to levitate and move objects in the air using the power of sound.
Cats are finicky eaters, but some felines should never be crossed when it comes to their vittles. Find out why cats with superpowers should be taken seriously in "X-Men: Magneto Cat."
How can an electric field cook your dinner? Through the science of induction. In our latest Appliance Science column, we look at how induction cooktops work.


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- Moisten your feet. Just like sweaty skin, dry skin is also more prone to friction. Use skin creams and lotions liberally on a daily basis to maintain proper moisture.
- Choose blister-free socks. Synthetic socks wick moisture away from the skin. Cotton may be lighter, but it retains fluid. Socks with reinforced heels and toes also help reduce friction.
- Run with slick skin. Coat your feet with Vaseline or another lubricant before you run. Or use Second Skin, a padded tape that stays on even when wet. Both methods form a protective shield between your skin and sock.
- Double up. Wear two pairs of socks so the friction occurs between the two socks, rather than between the sock and skin. If your shoe now feels too tight, go up a half-size as long as your foot doesn't slide around, making blisters a possibility.
- Wear shoes and socks that fit. Shoes that are too small will cause blisters under the toes and on the ends of the toenails. There should be a thumbs width of space between the toes and end of the toe box. Your socks should fit smoothly, with no extra fabric at the toes or heels.
Most Common Running Injuries
How to Dress for Rainy Runs
These tips will keep you comfortable whether it's rainy and cold or rainy and warm.
IDO: You Asked, Dr. Metzl Answers
Dr. Metzl addresses running while sick, using pain killers, and the dreaded blister.
The Ultimate Foot Care Kit
You just need a snack baggie and some things you can find at the drugstore.
Save Your Skin
Running can be rough on your epidermis. Here's how to minimize the damage.
Minimalist, Heal Thyself
A self-help guide to minimalism-induced injuries.
Beat Blisters in 3 Minutes
Ultrarunner Scott Jurek shows his technique for keeping his feet intact during 100-mile runs. Use it to stay blister-free, no matter what your mileage.
Surface Tension
How to prevent blisters, chafing, black toenails, and other war wounds of running.
Banishing Blisters
Anything that intensifies rubbing can start a blister, including a faster pace, poor-fitting shoes and foot abnormalities.
Strong Medicine
Pharmacy fatigue? Here are the best over-the-counter cures to heal what ails you.
Danger Zone
Tree roots, potholes, blisters--runners face a lot of scary things. Being prepared is half the battle.


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All free guest memberships include a free photo personal ad, free browsing, free matching, and the events calendar.
Subscribing members access live chat, message boards, Mingle Mail, and more!
To browse through thousands of photos and start meeting other singles, click here.
Some tidbits:
First off, I will confess - I am not a natural redhead. I know, it's hard to believe.
I earned my Bachelor in Fine Arts for painting and printmaking, which naturally resulted in me becoming a veterinary technician (yeah, turns out there's not much of a job market out there for artists). But now I can work towards becoming what I always wanted to be when I grew up - a zookeeper. One that can paint.
I have very eclectic taste in movies, shows, and music - stuff that makes for great inside jokes and weird looks from the normal folk. I'm also a whiz when it comes to trivia and other games.
I consider myself crafty, but I have never successfully scrapbooked (that's a verb, right?). I do, however, love to get random knickknacks from Goodwill, paint and throw glitter on them, and give them out as memorable birthday presents (ain't no gift like a white elephant gift!)
I am renowned for my baking skills, especially for my pies and the world's best chocolate chip cookies (seriously though; the best).
I don't have a history of being "outdoorsy", but it's growing on me. I love to go camping (I'm a total pro at pitching a tent), and I hit the odd lake or two in summer if I can find a boat. I also enjoy rock climbing, though so far I've only done it indoors.
I have a cat named Ditto - her previous owner named her Coco, but I couldn't have her stealing my thunder like that, so Ditto she became. She's such a copycat.
I have a bowling average of 96 (probably) and once got a "turkey". For me that's reason to brag.
I would love to become a world-traveler, once I have the means and somebody to go with me. In the past I've visited Germany, Austria, and Japan, though, so I'm off to a good start.
I could be tempting fate by saying this, but I am usually willing to try anything (food, activity, what-have-you) at least once. I'm particularly curious about the many dubious delicacies one might find at the Asian market. Chicken feet? Durian? Century Eggs? Bring it on.
...As delightfully quirky as I'm making myself out to be, I really am just a nice, caring, down-to-earth girl with a firm testimony and exceeding faith, who places family as her top priority and is looking for someone to help her build one. Hopefully he can embrace my eccentricities - and has some of his own to share.
One more thing! I adore stupid jokes, like the ones you see on Popsicle sticks and Laffy Taffy wrappers. Dad jokes = solid gold.
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Tuesday, November 18, 2014
Tony Stewart threw his arms around Kevin Harvick and gave him the kind of hug where neither driver seemed to want to let go.
Saturday, November 15, 2014
As cars roar around a track on the outskirts of Damascus, motorsport fans for a moment forget the misery of Syria's civil war and revel in the thrill of the race.
Tuesday, November 11, 2014
Kevin Harvick dominated a race he had to win to advance to the final round of NASCAR's playoffs, while Jeff Gordon was knocked out when Ryan Newman completed a last-lap pass.
Monday, November 10, 2014
Nico Rosberg was reluctant to celebrate his success Saturday when he drove with flawless precision to outpace Mercedes team-mate Lewis Hamilton and claim pole position for Sunday's Brazilian Grand Prix.
Yamaha rider Valentino Rossi took advantage of world champion Marc Marquez's misfortune to claim his 50th career MotoGP pole position for Sunday's Valencia Grand Prix.
Saturday, November 8, 2014
Having inspired a series of Formula One world titles, Austrian energy drink giant Red Bull is now aiming to lift RB Leipzig all the way from Germany's regional leagues to the Bundesliga.
Wednesday, November 5, 2014
In the closing laps at Martinsville Speedway, Jeff Gordon could see Dale Earnhardt Jr. ahead of him with enough time to formulate a plan on how to handle his teammate if Gordon could catch him.
Tuesday, November 4, 2014
Race by race and point by point, Lewis Hamilton is tightening his grip on the Formula One world championship and squeezing out Mercedes teammate Nico Rosberg.
Monday, November 3, 2014
Nico Rosberg broke free of Lewis Hamilton's stranglehold to seize his ninth pole position of the season on Saturday when he topped a tense qualifying session for Sunday's United States Grand Prix.
Sunday, November 2, 2014
Formula One's third year at the U.S. Grand Prix in Texas is an excellent opportunity for the series to expand its footprint in a rich, largely untapped market for fans and money.


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Update on MoreenMoreen is married and the mother of four children, all of whom are still in school. With four dependents, she owns an internet café where she provides different services. In addition, Moreen owns a motorcycle and has hired a gentle man to operate it. Her husband is a medical officer. Her customer base is large and diverse, composed of students and the general public.
With the goal of meeting customer demand and maximizing her profit, she has requested a loan to service her computers. Moreen would like to help pay for the education of her children and put money aside as savings. Her goal is to set up other businesses to increase her income.This is her third loan with both Yehu and Kiva. She is really grateful for the support given and she hopes to be applying for more loans so as to get ahead.
Previous Loan DetailsMoreen, a married mother of three boys and one girl, owns a house that has electricity but not piped water. Her greatest monthly expense is school fees. For the past three years, Moreen has operated a beauty salon and a cyber café. She also owns real estate which is her other source of income. H... More from Moreen's previous loan »
Additional Information
About Yehu Microfinance TrustThis loan is administered by Yehu Microfinance Trust, which was founded in 1998 as a project of CHOICE Humanitarian Kenya. In July 2007, Yehu became a separate entity from CHOICE and was registered as a trust. Since then, Yehu has expanded to cover over half of Kenya's 13 coastal districts.
Concurrent and Successive Loans
Our Field Partners often work with borrowers over a series of loans as the borrowers build credit, take out bigger loans, and expand their businesses. In order to make it easier for our Field Partners to post loans for borrowers who have been listed on Kiva before, we allow them to post successive and concurrent loans for their Kiva borrowers. This means that our Field Partners are able to post a borrower's second, third, etc., loan on Kiva without having to re-enter all of the borrower's information.
This borrower has been listed on Kiva before, so you'll see an updated loan description, as well as excerpts of the original descriptions from earlier loans. Most borrowers take out loans consecutively, meaning that they receive a second loan after having repaid the first. However, sometimes our Field Partners give out concurrent loans, allowing borrowers to take out one primary loan and a secondary "add-on" loan along with it. These "add-on" loans are typically smaller than the borrower's primary loan and serve a different purpose. Because Field Partners can now post loans as successive and concurrent loans, you will be able to track borrower progress over time and see the various ways a borrower is working with our Field Partners through funds from Kiva's lenders.
About Kenya
779View loans »
Success!! The loan was 100% repaid
- Repayment Term
- 14 months (Additional Information)
- Repayment Schedule
- Monthly
- Pre-Disbursed:
- Jul 19, 2012
- Listed
- Jul 23, 2012
- Currency Exchange Loss:
- Possible
- Ended:
- Aug 17, 2013


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Rumpke's unique glass recycling process earned First Place in the Service to Society category at the annual Innovation Index Awards, presented by the Dayton Business Journal and the Dayton Development Coalition.
Ardagh Group, along with its glass recycling partner, has been recognized for their pioneering achievements at the prestigious National Recycling Awards 2015.
Owens-Illinois, Inc. has reached a definitive agreement with Vitro, S.A.B. de C.V., to acquire Vitro's food and beverage glass container business in an all cash transaction valued at approximately $2.15 billion.
The city of Baton Rouge in Louisiana has negotiated a new recycling contract with Progressive Waste Solutions. The new contract eliminated the option for residents to recycle glass beginning this fall.
Glass comes into our homes, commercial buildings and vehicles in the form of windows, doors, countertops, floors, fixtures, other building materials and in an endless stream of glass containers.
Nulife Glass will invest $5.9 million to establish its first Virginia operation in the City of Bristol.
Safelite AutoGlass, a provider of windshield replacements, recycled more than 1.3 million windshields in 2014, saving more than 23,000 tons of waste from the landfill.
Ardagh Group, Glass – North America, a division of Ardagh Group and a producer of glass containers for the food and beverage industries in the U.S., said that its Burlington, Wisconsin, plant achieved ISO 14001:2004 Certification.
Voters in Massachusetts turned down a proposal calling for an expansion of the state's bottle deposit law.
Ten years ago, Rumpke Recycling opened a unique facility in Dayton that has been key to keeping more than 190,000 tons of glass out of landfills.
Clark County commissioners approved an ordinance that will ban open glass bottles on the Las Vegas Strip to cut down on litter and the ability to use the glass as a weapon.
The North American Insulation Manufacturers Association (NAIMA) announced the results of a recent survey of its members' use of pre- and post-consumer recycled materials in insulation and acoustical products in 2013.
Saint-Gobain and Central Glass Co., Ltd. have signed an agreement to create a joint venture in Indonesia that will specialize in automotive glass. A plant will be built east of Jakarta to meet the Indonesian automotive market's rapid growth. The new facility is scheduled to come on stream in 2016 and will have an annual production capacity of 500,000 windshields. The agreement is subject to the approval of the anti-trust authorities.
Saint-Gobain and Central Glass have been working jointly in the field of automotive glass since 2002 in Japan, and 2012 in China. The investment in Indonesia marks a milestone for Saint-Gobain's growth strategy in Asia and emerging countries.
Published in the October 2014 Edition of American Recycler News
By 2020, around 14 billion EUR will be invested in European glass factories.


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Copy of email in todist when creating an email todo
Asked on Apr 09, 2014 - 14:49 UTC
It would be helpful to have a complete copy of the email in Todoist so that i can also get all details when opening the to do in web or mobile client.
All responses
Replied on Apr 09, 2014 - 14:58 UTC
Hello Simon,
One way to get around this is to forward your tasks to projects by email. This way, the message and attachments will be available in the web or mobile client through the notes.
For more info, refer to this link: http://todoist.com/Help/viewEmailTasks?from_premium=1


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Biomarkers to Open the Door to Personalized Medicine and Represents a
Seismic Shift for the Pharma Industry
PHILADELPHIA and LONDON, April 29 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- The Scientific business of Thomson Reuters today announced the launch of a new biomarkers report, "Establishing the Standards in Biomarker Research" which gives a detailed introduction to the world of biomarkers, an overview of the regulatory context surrounding them, and highlights ongoing biomarker research in some of the world's leading Pharma companies.
(Logo: http://www.newscom.com/cgi-bin/prnh/20080424/NYTH069LOGO )
Thomson Reuters has chosen to highlight advances in biomarker research because of its capacity to change the way Pharma companies do business. Biomarkers which are blood-based tests, gene sequences or mutations, mRNA expression profiles or tissue proteins, provide unparalleled evidence of the state of an organism, or indicate normal biological processes, pathogenic processes or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention.
"Biomarkers seem destined to prove one of the major drivers of pharmaceutical research and drug development in the 21st century," said Jon Brett-Harris, EVP Pharmaceutical and Chemicals Markets, Thomson Reuters. "For example, the presence of a specific antibody in the blood might indicate a specific infection. Once an association between a biomarker and a disease is clearly established, the one can be used to signal the other, and to a high degree of certainty. As well, changes in the prevalence of a biomarker in the organism can immediately and reliably signpost a patient's response to treatment."
Some pharmaceutical companies are already advancing their research and
harnessing the power of biomarkers, which can:
-- Be used to detect the predisposition for disease in a population,
|SOURCE Thomson Reuters
Copyright©2008 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


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Local kids age 7 and up will get a harmonica lesson from expert players at a special event at the Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel.
In addition to the lesson, the kids will receive a harmonica, a song book, and lunch. Their teacher will be harmonica player Joe Filisko.
They event is part of the five-day 50th Anniversary Convention of SPAH,The Society for the Preservation and Advancement of the Harmonica. 314-302-3219
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The World Bank Legal Review
Much has been written about the role of law in furthering development. More analysis and debate is needed to understand more fully the true nature of this role. The World Bank Legal Review collects much of this debate and analysis, contributed by scholars and practitioners from around the world. The subtitle of the volume, Legal Innovation and Empowerment for Development, focuses attention on how the law can respond to the challenges posed to development in a world slowly emerging from a protracted economic crisis.
100 The World Bank Legal Review increasing number of developing countries are becoming more technologically sophisticated. According to the World Bank's Global Economic Prospects report, however, "the world economy has entered a very difficult phase characterized by significant downside risks and fragility," with developingcountry growth expected to decline to 5.4 percent and 6.0 percent versus 6.2 percent and 6.3 percent in June 2011 projections.56 Developing countries should be encouraged to identify new drivers of growth, one of which is technology transfer. Although technology transfer can be a time-consuming and complex process, given the right incentives and strong interest by developing countries in increasing their access to international technologies, companies from developed countries can assist LDCs in achieving sustained economic change and growth in domestic productivity. Intellectual property, in particular, helps realize the model necessary to transfer technology and should be viewed as a vital tool that can aid in social and economic progress. As countries develop their own assets, they will have greater incentives to respect the IP framework and implement and enforce strong IP regimes that will aid in the facilitation of new types of positive partnerships. Although not all countries are equally prepared to integrate complex technology into their production chains, the level of complexity on the technology transfer spectrum varies, beginning with knowledge and skills training as the most basic form. Therefore, the transfer of technology should be encouraged in all regions of the developing world, because building local capacity can play a major role in moving LDCs to the next stage of development and significantly affect the pace of innovation within these countries. 56 World Bank, Global Economic Prospects: Uncertainties and Vulnerabilities ( Jan. 2012).


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Singing through the heartache?
During a Boston concert on Saturday night, Justin Bieber summoned another world-famous Justin -- Timberlake -- in a potential nod to his fresh split with Selena Gomez.Armed with just a guitar, with another band member strumming as well, the 18-year-old singer crooned a stripped-down, acoustic version of "Cry Me a River," Justin Timberlake's smash 2002 ballad inspired by his own split from Britney Spears.
PHOTOS: Justin & SeLena's beach PDA
The Canadian-born sensation left it vague when asked about the split with Gomez, 20, during a radio interview that sam...
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RE: Trips into the erg oriental (sahara)
hi sandy,
i just got back from there. local travel agencies have programs for a 3 day stay in the south (touzer or douz) including jeep excursion to the mountain oasis and into the desert. you can also go riding camels in douz. prices are 150-200 dinars - very much worth it!
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The first issue of the Popular Anthropology Magazine is out. It was meant to bridge the gap between academia and the public and between anthropologists and continents. Cool, we needed that. But the result is - in my opinion - disappointing. For it was made with outdated paper journals as ideal. The editors were thinking paper, not web. They do provide a downloadable version on their website but the flash animated paper-look-like version is a pain to navigate and read (the automatic scrolling is very irritating).
I finally tried to download the whole journal. It took ages and Firefox was about to crash. When the file finally was saved, it turned out to be 151 MB heavy. The pdf consisted of image files! Which means it is partly hard to read and you cannot copy and paste its content, and the links are not clickable. Fail! Can't anthropologists do better? The articles deserve better. The table of contents looks promising, especially the sections on social science around the world.
Anthronow - new magazine will make anthropology accessible to lay readers
New e-zine: American Ethnography
Imponderabilia - new international anthropology student journal
Bad News. Photo: Stitch, flickr
The time is right for more anthropologists to engage with news media - with their creation, reception and content, writes S Elizabeth Bird in the recent issue of Anthropology News that was published today.
Anthropological engagement with media was long rare and discouraged - and in some quarters still is, Bird criticizes. The main focus has in her view been on topics like the role of television in family life, or the maintenance of diaspora connections through digital media but not on news production or reception.
This neglect is according to her important because "news is the one popular genre that claims to describe reality for the public". Most of what people know about the world is mediated in one way or another:
Throughout the world, people argue, fight and die for stories in which they believe. So it is important to dissect and interpret them: the use of language, the choice of words, the images, the entire frame of the news coverage.
She suggests following research questions:
High profile issues like war, she continues, illustrate these questions dramatically:
We all know, for instance, that the story of the Iraq war is deeply contested. If we have a lot of time, we can scour the Internet, sift through multiple accounts, and reach a conclusion. Most people have neither the time nor the resources to do that; they have little choice but to attend to the stories that predominate.
If we understand better how journalism works, she concludes, not only will we better understand our mediated global cultures, but we will also become more adept at working with journalists to tell anthropology?s stories more effectively.
>> download the whole article: Anthropological Engagement with News Media: Why Now?
I have to admit I'm a bit surprised about her analysis. Is the study of news really so much neglected? But that's maybe because I tend to read more anthropology blogs than journals? It's in blogs this kind of media anthropology is happening?
There are six more articles on anthropology and journalism online, among others Reviewing Books in Popular Media Anthropologists as Authors and Critics by Barbara J King.
"Merging book reviewing with journalism", she writes, "opens up a space in which we may fling our fierce book-engagement out into the wider world, and see what comes back to us:
When reviewing, the single greatest joy for me is the oppor- tunity to showcase our colleagues? brilliance. I look for books that bring alive people?s patterns of meaning-making as they flourish and struggle in their daily lives, books that make us see with new eyes behaviors familiar and strange to our own society or at times even to our own species.
There have been many debates on the similarities of anthropology and journalism in the blogosphere, both here on antropologi.info and on Savage Minds (see Why is there no Anthropology Journalism? and Anthropology Journalism HOWTO)
In Divergent Temporalities. On the Division of Labor between Journalism and Anthropology, Dominic Boyer shares some interesting observations about the borders between anthropology and journalism that seem to overlap more and more.
The contemporary market and labor conditions pressure anthropologists to adopt faster modes of research and writing than ever before:
Even doctoral candidates report feeling enormous pressure to publish their research findings well in advance of receiving their PhDs. Not unlike the desk journalists of old, we find ourselves increasingly concerned with ?getting the story? (Peterson in Anthropological Quarterly 74[4]), that is, with chasing the next publication opportunity to keep up with market expectations and the demands of institutional audit cultures.
>> overview over all articles in Anthropology News April 2010
The best source on media anthropology might be the website http://media-anthropology.net with mailing list and a long list of working papers and the blog media/anthropology by John Postill
A good example of an anthropology of news can be found in the february issue of Anthropology Today (free access!!). In Heart of darkness reinvented? A tale of ex-soldiers in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sindre Bangstad and Bjørn Enge Bertelsen analyze Norwegian media's representation of Congo.
Why anthropologists should become journalists
Nancy Scheper-Hughes: Public anthropology through collaboration with journalists
The end of one-way communication - Anthropologists help news providers and advertisers
In Norwegian TV: Indian tribe paid to go naked to appear more primitive
John Postill on media anthropology and internet activism in Malaysia
Introduction to "Media Worlds": Media an important field for anthropology
Janine Wedel has done something that far too few anthropolologists do: She studied powerful people. Those who rule the world.
In her book "Shadow Elite", she shows how a new system of power and influence has taken hold globally, one that undermines democracy, government, and the free market.
Why went America to war against Iraq? More and more "government work" is performed by "shadow elites": consulting firms, companies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks etc, rather small circles of powerful people (she calls them "flexians") who use their interlocking relationships to control public policy without public input. ?Flexians? work often for private interests, academia and government at the same time.
The flexians form "Flex nets". They cannot be reduced to lobbyists or interest groups. They are according to a review in the Financial Times defined by four features:
1) personalizing bureaucracy, or using personal connections and loyalties to realize goals;
2) privatizing information while branding conviction, or branding the information available only to insiders in this game;
3) juggling roles and representations, or changing spots frequently, wearing the pelt of military leader one day, analyst the next, and concerned citizen the next;
4) relaxing rules at the interstices of official and private institutions, or adjusting accountability and rules that apply to one or more of their pelts from the safety of a seemingly non-aligned position.
One of those flexians is the retired US general Barry McCaffrey, who has been simultaneously a commentator for the media, a consultant to the defence industry and professor. According to a 2008 exposé in the New York Times, he was one of several former military men who helped to shape public opinion on the Iraq war, while simultaneously having undisclosed ties to the Pentagon.
Wedel's book has received quite a lot of media attention since it was released earlier this year. It was book of the month at Huffington Post (where she has started writing a weekly column) and was also reviewed in mainstream media. She was interviewed both by BBC, Russia Today, MSNBC and Al Jazeera.
It would be interesting to know how she studied the "shadow elites". Has she been on fieldwork? I haven't read all her texts. But in her newest article in Huffington Post, she explains how she came to understand the game: through her experience studying the mechanisms of power and influence in post-Cold War eastern Europe for about 30 years:
(E)xamining eastern Europe up close–through its transformations away from communism over the last quarter century–has been excellent preparation for making sense of how a small group of power brokers helped engineer the invasion of Iraq, and more broadly, how a new system of power and influence has taken hold globally, one that, as I write in my book Shadow Elite, undermines democracy, government, and the free market.
In communist Poland, the necessity of getting around the state-controlled system created a society whose lifeblood–just beneath the surface–was vital information, circulated only among friends and trusted colleagues, information that was not publicly available. Under-the-radar dealings that often played on the margins of legality - this was the norm, not the exception.
I began to recognize a familiar (to me) architecture of power and influence. I started to follow the networks and overlapping connections in government, foundations, think tanks, and business of a tiny set of neoconservatives - just a dozen or so players I call the "Neocon core".
The playbook of the Neocon core seemed to come straight from that of the top players of transitional eastern Europe. In both cases, players who already knew each other set up a host of organizations–organizations that seemed more like an extended family franchise than think tank, populated by the same set of individuals. (…) And despite a new administration in Washington, not to mention the damage done to their credibility since the Iraq invasion, the Neocon core lives on, because networks like it are self-propelling, multipurpose, and enduring.
And she adds that as a social anthropologist, her "focus is not on whether the U.S. should have invaded Iraq, but rather how that decision was made, who made it, and what mechanisms of power and influence were used to make it".
And in Anthropology News february 2010 (pdf) she explains why we need an "ethnographic focus" on power:
I have concluded that an ethnographic focus is indispensable to sorting out power and influence amid transforming federal governance in the United States, not only under change-of-system conditions such as those found in transitional eastern Europe.
The ethnographic sensibility that enabled scholars of communist and post-communist societies to deal with the complexity, ambiguity and messiness of political and policy processes is ideally suited to examine the interactions between public policy and private interests and the mixing of state, nongovernmental, and business forms that are increasingly preva- lent in the United States and around the world.
By focusing on players and their networks as drivers of governing and policy decisions, these ethnographers have laid the groundwork for badly needed critiques of social science categories such as ?state? versus ?private,? ?top-down versus bottom-up,? and ?centralized? versus ?decentralized.? They have provided a basis for reexamining conventional models that guide so much thinking about politics, policy and power, and yet obfuscate, rather than illuminate, the real system of power and influence.
Her work is a good example of public anthropology. Her website is really impressive. There you find a great amount of her publications, both newspaper articles and papers (even back to pre-internet and pre-computer times), a collection of book reviews, TV and radio interviews, interviews related to Shadow elites etc
It is popular to lament about the lack of public anthropology, but anthropologists have been highly visible in matters regarding global financial and power issues, see earlier posts Anthropologist Explores Wall Street Culture, Financial crisis: Anthropologists lead mass demonstration against G20 summit and Used anthropology to predict the financial crisis.
Studies on elites are still not as common as studies on marginalized people, though. This is not only true for anthropology. I have to think of a series of great programs at BBC Thinking aloud about white collar crime - a rather neglected topic among sociologists and criminologists as well.
My post Pecha Kucha - the future of presenting papers? received much attention and inspired others to arrange such sessions where papers are not read but presented through 20 images displayed for 20 seconds each. But I'm no longer sure if I would recommend Pecha Kucha after having received this email a few days ago:
To Lorenz Khazaleh,
This is Jean from PechaKucha HQ here in Tokyo. It has come to our attention that you recently organized a PechaKucha event without our consent.
The PechaKucha name, logo, and format are all trademarked concepts, and as we clearly indicate on our site, we ask that anyone who is interested in running a PK event get in touch, as we have a review and agreement process that we go through.
We do support one-off events as well, but again, they are all officially sanction.
We hope to hear back from you very shortly to prevent this from happening again.
Jean Snow
PechaKucha Night
founded by Astrid Klein and Mark Dytham in Tokyo
I first couldn't believe what I read. A review and agreement process? Trademarking an idea? Is there a dubious commercial corporation behind Pecha Kucha? (And apart from that - I did not arrange a PK session, but only interviewed two participants.)
As I learnt on their website, you will need to go through a lot of bureaucracy, especially if you intend to arrange Pecha Kucha Nights. You'll have to meet a lot of requirements and be prepared for providing lots of details about yourself and your team.
Timothy from Bluish Barn tried to start a Pecha Kucha Night and quotes an email from Klein Dytham architecture:
As we are now inundated with similar requests from across the world, we would love to know more about you!!! - your design background, design connections, events experience, ideas about venues, designers you would approach to present their work etc?.Once we receive [your background/plans] we can review everything and get back in touch! KDa own the Registered Trademark for Pecha Kucha Night, 20 x 20 in the UK, Europe and US and if we decide to proceed we can provide you with the logos, templates and formats and our standard handshake agreement in order for you to get started!
As the Pecha Kuchs trademark owners explain on their website, they "sometimes say yes and sometimes say no - so be prepared for both answers". And normally it takes them "a month or so" to grant PKN "handshake" agreements.
Nevertheless, the Pecha Kucha format is great. So the best thing might be to call it something different, like speed presentations or so, a term that Greg Downey introduced last year at Neuroanthropology.net, create your own logos etc Good luck!
See also Greg Downey's brilliant round-up Thoughts on Conference Organizing
UPDATE First reaction on this post: Marc Oehlert: Pech* Kuch* (evidently Japanese for "full of yourself"). He analyses and comments the Pecha Kucha website more thouroughly than I did and has already received lots of comments! Great post!
For the second time, Associated Press has engaged anthropologists in order to improve its services. The first research project, conducted by Context-Based Research Group, revealed that people - contrary to what AP believed - wanted more breadth and depth instead of short blasts of news. The new study shows that news consumers want a two-way conversation instead of one-way bombardment:
It is not just that people feel overloaded. As consumers, they long for a better way to communicate with information providers ? news companies and advertisers alike. They want that communication to be two-way, transparent and honest. They seek a new relationship that is built on trust, not simply on the value of the content or advertising itself.
?You have to socialize the space before you can monetize it,? Robbie Blinkoff, principal anthropologist for Context, concluded. ?The solution is not just to create more engaging content, but to create better environments for engaging with content.?
In the report, Blinkoff used Victor Turner's concept ?Communitas? - something that APs Vice President Jim Kennedy Vice President called "an interesting bit of cultural theory":
He called Communitas a time of egalitarian information sharing which can be harnessed to rebuild trust between information providers and consumers. He likened Communitas to the social networking phenomenon online, where consumers feel comfortable engaging with information among their friends and peer groups. (…) With Communitas, there is no such thing as one-way communication. There are only two-way conversations that inspire loyalty and trust, and those are key ingredients with the power to cut through the clutter of the Internet.
Both studies are based on ethnographic research methods. The researchers tracked and analyzed the behavior of individuals in their work and home environments.
AP seems to be fascinated by anthropological methods. "One of the keys to understanding how to address the situation", AP writes, "has been the extraordinary insight enabled by the Context methodology":
Context does ethnographic research, meaning it studies small groups of people up close to get at the root of their behavior. That ?Deep Structure,? as Context calls it, opens up a view of how companies can respond to cultural changes that aren?t so obvious on the surface.
>> download the research report "A New Model for Communication: Studying the Deep Structure of Advertising and News Consumption"
I found one more report on Context's website called Grounding the American Dream: An Ethnographic and Quantitative Study on the Future of Consumerism in a Changing Economy where they "portray a society and culture going through a "rite of passage" and moving into an era where we measure the quality of our lives in social terms before economic ones".
How to get more young readers? Associated Press turns to anthropologists
"Prosumers": Consumer Anthropologist Uncovers Proof of New Species of Consumer
Exploring the honor culture of social media
Ethnographic study: Social network sites are "virtual campfires"
Digital Anthropology Report: Attitudes to technology = basis of future class divides
Popular IT-anthropologists: Observe families until they go to bed
There are only few studies on popular music in South Asia. Tereza Kuldova (Tereza Kuldova) reviews for us the book Hindi Film Songs and the Cinema by ethnomusicologist Anna Morcom. Her review shows - among other things - the differences and barriers between anthropology and ethnomusicology.
Tereza Kuldova, Research Fellow, Museum of Cultural History, Department of Ethnography University of Oslo
Popular music in South Asia equals film music, however, even though its popularity is immense, it has been a very little studied phenomenon. This is even more startling when we realize that film songs ?have become the music of public spaces in India, being heard from open windows in peoples? homes, on buses and in bazaars. They are sung and danced to by millions of people in a range of formal and informal contexts, and have been appropriated in many folk genres? (p. 5) and they are thus literally omnipresent. This book thus must get credit for the choice of its subject matter, in the first place.
This book deals with the relationship between Hindi film songs and Hindi films and analyzes them in their cinematic, narrative and visual contexts. The ongoing agenda of the book seems to be to persuade us that the Hindi film song cannot be separated from the Hindi film, which is however a rather obvious fact to any viewer of Hindi film. The only thing I have to say to this is ? there is a reason why it is called a film song and ergo, how could the song ever be truly independent or separated from its film context?
Another concern of the book is the definition of the Hindi film song genre as an independent style. Anyone following the Hindi cinema knows that Hindi film songs are extremely creative and varied, drawing on great diversity of inspiration and adjusting it to the particular needs of concrete scenes, and it thus might not be that easy to define them in terms of any style. Moreover, I wonder, do we really have to categorize these songs in terms of any style? What do we gain by that? Well, the answer may be that we gain statements such as follows:
?Amongst an array of inconsistent or over-general stylistic parameters, the only true constant in Hindi film songs is their ?inclusion in a Hindi film?? (p. 70).
That was not a very surprising fact, was it? The intense argumentation for the analysis of Hindi film songs in relation to the cinematic context, however commonsense, obvious and at times felt as redundant and repetitive is certainly not so obvious within musicology. Because as Morcom argues ?the cinematic perspective of Hindi film songs has been ignored, with musicological studies largely viewing them as separate entities from their parent films? (p.7). So possibly Morcom might get credit for introducing a notion that is rather and straightforward to any consumer of Hindi film songs to the musicological studies.
The conclusion of the books are thus following:
?Far from being an independent tradition of popular songs, this book has found film songs to be profoundly integrated with Hindi films on many levels. Film songs are conceived as part of a particular film, and the musical style of each song is tailored to the parent film and the song scene.
In commercial terms, although film songs have become a big business since the late 1980s, their profitability is only exploitable in association with the Hindi cinema. Even after their release, the consumption of film songs is largely tied up with the Hindi cinema generally, and to some extent, with the parent film in particular.
However, songs are distinct from their cinematic roles and contexts in certain ways, although the degree of this independence varies with each song. As well as tailoring a song musically to a situation, its ability to sound good as a separate entity, its ?audio value?, is also considered during its production. At the level of reception, audiences are able to appropriate songs and adapt them to new situations, which in some cases may result in the relationship with the parent film and cinema culture in general becoming obscure, or even disappearing entirely. Hindi films have a narrative style and structure that is designed for songs, and similarly, film songs are able to fit around cinematic scenes (p. 239).?
Now that we have begun paradoxically with the conclusion, let us get through the book chapter for chapter.
In the first chapter (available online here), we are presented with the argument for the study of the Hindi film songs through a multimedia model of analysis, which takes into account the context of the film songs in their parent films, their narrative and visuals as well as their production process. However, there is no attempt to frame this whole analysis in the context of Indian society or its changing historical realities (even though the book discusses the different periods in the evolution of the Indian cinema).
We also get to know that the work draws extensively on fieldwork in India, from 1998-2000 and read that the ?fieldwork was ethnographically based? and ?aimed to study film music through observing, fitting in with and joining in with its own people and culture? (p. 20). However, when we proceed to the second chapter which is concerned with the production of the Hindi film songs, and which is supposed to draw almost exclusively on fieldwork, what is presented to us are mostly excessive and in terms of content repetitive selections from interview transcripts with producers, music directors, lyricists and others. We do not get to know much about the ethnographic reality as such and any ?ethnographic? description in the true sense of the word is missing, except for the practical aspects of the production process, in which the roles of the director, producer, music director, lyricist and others are assessed.
The point of the chapter is again to show that lyrics and music is closely related to what is happening in the film and that it is used to express various emotional states, actions or drama in the scenes.
Let us move on to the third chapter which tries to answer the question of ?why are film songs so difficult to categorize in terms of style?? (p. 134). This is clearly a question in musicology, it does not make much sense to the anthropologist writing this review.
The conclusion of this chapter is again not very surprising:
?Film songs seen in one way seem very formulaic and standardized, but seen in another way, they are very eccentric and unpredictable. Film song is required to have a regular enough style and enough musical autonomy to work as popular music, to make sense without the film, and even to advertise film, but at the same time to be specific and idiosyncratic enough to fit around a particular given situation. (?) Film songs need to be seen as multi-media, musico-dramatic entities as well as popular songs in order to make sense of both individual songs and the development of the genre as a whole? (p. 135-6).
For me this last statement equals saying: Hindi film songs need to be seen as what they are.
In the fourth chapter, Morcom addresses the question of the relation between Western music and Hindi films and the role of narrative in Hindi film music style. Supposedly the most striking feature of Hindi film music, as I perceive it (being interested in it intensely in relation to my research and being also its keen consumer), is its eclecticism, namely its ability to borrow and combine different styles and traditions in just one song, and that is what makes it so much fun ? and also what makes it possibly so confusing for a musicologist, trying to make sense of it. Morcom poses such questions as ?how is this Hollywood music able to communicate apparently successfully to the Indian audience? European and American culture has little to do with Indian music? (p.147) or how is it possible that ?various types of non-indigenous music may be conveying narrative meaning to indigenous audiences? (p.157).
She considers ?the amount of overlap in musical meaning in Hindi and Hollywood films surprising. Ethnomusicology tends to emphasize the aspects of music that are culture specific? (p. 156). Well, maybe ethnomusicology should consider the option that cultures do not exist in isolation and Morcom should consider India?s colonial history, not to mention its history of thousands of years of cultural contact and exchanges. When what is considered a traditional Muslim floral decorative motif (which can be seen for example on the walls of the Taj) comes originally from the European herbaria, I tend not to really wonder why the ?indigenous? population can identify with Western musical elements in Hindi film songs.
However, Morcom hits on something interesting when she says that ?the direct relationship of many musical signs with feeling, experience and somatic states may be one reason why music has greater potential for mutual understanding than language, whose signs are more highly mediated? (p.157). Sadly, she does not really elaborate on this any further. She concludes saying that:
?(M)any of the ?Hollywood? techniques most commonly found in Hindi films conveniently constitute an antithesis of rāg and classical melody, and also of film and folk melody, which are associated to a greater or lesser degree with the sacred, love, romance and celebration. They can therefore be used as powerful means to express distortion, destruction and disturbance of these qualities in a range of dramatic situations (p.178).?
However, they can also be used to express many other different things.
In the fifth chapter, Morcom explores the commercial life of Hindi film songs, in relation to Hindi film, in the context of buying, selling, and marketing. She investigates the technologies of distribution, marketing and profitability of film songs from the first few years of sound film to 2000. This chapter is based on fieldwork; however, that again stands for interviews with people in the industry. The chapter discusses the influence of gramophone, radio, cassettes, dvd, vhs, vcd etc. on the commercial potential of Hindi songs.
Again Morcom struggles with the distinction between marketing Hindi film songs and Hindi films, and we can again and again read sentences such as:
?The marketing of film songs and films are ultimately difficult to distinguish. Trailers using the film songs and visuals from the films are produced by the music company to promote the music, and the music, as it gains ground in the popular culture, promotes the film? (p.195).
Even though this book was published in 2007 it does not really take into account the importance of internet and though she discusses the importance of television and various live shows, it appears to me, that she does not really capture the extent of the industry. Moreover, nowadays there are numerous ?making of the song/film? videos available all over the internet, as well as numerous TV-shows featuring the stars, directors, singers, music directors etc. discussing the production and marketing process and many other things. This all is the promotion of the songs. However, though she notes that ?these shows add another layer of importance to film songs, but are still parasitic on the cinema? (p.220), she does not really consider them in the analysis any depth.
In the last chapter, Morcom deals with the audience reception of Hindi films and with the life of the film song after its release. She again wonders if the songs are ?able to become independent of the context of the parent film or of ?film culture? in general? (p.208). She analyzes different charts from several websites, concluding:
?(I)ndividual songs have, to some extent, a life of their own in terms of popularity and may become popular even if the parent film is a flop. However, when it is taken into account that only a minority of films are hits, the songs from hit films can be seen to further dominate the chart? (p.211).
When it comes to appropriation of film songs by the audiences, again a part of the text which is based on fieldwork, we get to know very briefly that people appropriate songs by
The conclusion she thus draws is that audiences actively appropriate these songs. However, what is striking when we realize that most of the Hindi film songs are dance songs is the lack of consideration of dance as a form of appropriation. As well as the lack of serious consideration of the movements and gestures in relation to the narrative, lyrics and music as a mode of expression. The embodiment of music and sound is definitely a way of appropriation of music that needs to be considered in any such analysis, and even more so in the analysis of Hindi film songs that rely visually to an extreme degree on bodily movements, gestures and dance scenes.
Reading this book as an anthropologist gave me an insight into on which premises ethnomusicology is established and it certainly thought me to be more sensitive to the various ways in which sound conveys meaning, which is possible the biggest lesson of the book ? to give a thought to the various sounds and their interplay with the visual (however I would also include the somatic, emotional and embodied practices) and their ways to express, convey and reproduce meaning. At the same time, I feel that ethnomusicology, as I experienced it though this book, would profit from a more thorough study of anthropology, to get a more nuanced perspective and become more sensitive to the context.
Tereza Kuldova
>> more information by the publisher (Ashgate)
How Indissoluble is Hindu Marriage?
Photography, Anthropology and History (Part I)
Presenting 2nd generation Multi-Sited Ethnography
How the Ganges boatmen resist upper-caste and state domination
How neoliberalism reshapes motherhood in Calcutta
Anthropologist explores heavy metal in Asia, South America and the Middle East
"Pop culture is a powerful tool to promote national integration"
The emerging research field of medical ethnomusicology: How music fights AIDS
Is it a good idea to fight against female circumcision? Not neccesarily according to Sierra Leonean-American anthropologist Fuambai Ahmadu.
In an interview in Anthropology Today (available free as pdf here), she attacks Western feminists, media and anti-Female Genital Mutilation campaigns and accuses them for presenting a one-sided, ethnocentric picture of female circumcision.
A great deal of what is regarded as facts is not true, she explains. Many people think circumcision is a "barbaric tradition" and "violence against women". But Ahmadu does not see circumcision as mutilation. Circumcision is no notable negative effects on your health and does not inhibit female sexual desire either.
The problem with the representation of various forms of female circumcision as ?mutilation? is that the term, among other things, presupposes some irreversible and serious harm. This is not supported by current medical research on female circumcision.
But this research (Obermeyer, Morison etc) has not received any attention in Western media:
However, neither Obermeyer?s reviews nor the Morison et al. study have been mentioned in any major Western press, despite their startling and counter-intuitive findings on female circumcision and health. This is in contrast to the highly publicized Lancet report by the WHO Study Group on FGM, released in June 2006, which received widespread, immediate and sensationalized press coverage highlighting claims about infant and maternal mortality during hospital birth.
Supporters of female circumcision justify the practice on much of the same grounds that they support male circumcision, she says:
The uncircumcised clitoris and penis are considered homologous aesthetically and hygienically: Just as the male foreskin covers the head of the penis, the female foreskin covers the clitoral glans. Both, they argue, lead to build-up of smegma and bacteria in the layers of skin between the hood and glans. This accumulation is thought of as odorous, susceptible to infection and a nuisance to keep clean on a daily basis. Further, circumcised women point to the risks of painful clitoral adhesions that occur in girls and women who do not cleanse properly, and to the requirement of excision as a treatment for these extreme cases. Supporters of female circumcision also point to the risk of clitoral hypertrophy or an enlarged clitoris that resembles a small penis.
For these reasons many circumcised women view the decision to circumcise their daughters as something as obvious as the decision to circumcise sons: why, one woman asked, would any reasonable mother want to burden her daughter with excess clitoral and labial tissue that is unhygienic, unsightly and interferes with sexual penetration, especially if the same mother would choose circumcision to ensure healthy and aesthetically appealing genitalia for her son?
It is important to remove the stigma around circumcision, Ahmadu stresses:
It is my opinion that we need to remove the stigma of mutilation and let all girls know they are beautiful and accepted, no matter what the appearance of their genitalia or their cultural background, lest the myth of sexual dysfunction in circumcised women become a true self-fulfilling prophecy, as Catania and others are increasingly witnessing in their care of circumcised African girls and women.
In an article in The Patriotic Vanguard, she describes the term Female Genital Mutilation as "offensive, divisive, demeaning, inflammatory and absolutely unnecessary":
As black Africans most of us would never permit anyone to call us by the term ?nigger? or ?kaffir? in reference to our second-class racial status or in attempts to redress racial inequalities, so initiated Sierra Leonean women (and all circumcised women for that matter) must reject the use of the term ?mutilation? to define us and demean our bodies, even as some of us are or fight against the practice.
Anthropologist Carlos D. Londoño Sulkin comments Ahmadu's talk in Anthropology Today and criticizes his colleagues:
My own sense, after listening to Ahmadu, is that many Euroamericans? reactions to the removal of any genital flesh is shaped by parochial understandings and perfectly contestable biases and values concerning bodies, gender, sex and pain.
Many anthropologists, reacting against collectivist social theories and some of the less felicitous entailments of cultural relativism, have joined in the condemnation of female circumcision without first taking counsel from our discipline?s methodological requirement actually to pay attention to what the people we write about say and do about this or that, over an extended period. Listening to Ahmadu, I can no longer condemn the practices of genital cutting in general, nor would I be willing to sign a zero-tolerance petition.
>> Disputing the myth of the sexual dysfunction of circumcised women. An interview with Fuambai S. Ahmadu by Richard A. Shweder (incl. comment by Carlos D. Londoño Sulkin)
Circumcision: "Harmful practice claim has been exaggerated" - AAA meeting part IV
It started around 20 years ago: The idea of education as a right was being replaced by a concept of education as a commodity to purchase. Today's universities are managed like businesses, striving for "excellence", being best, competing for the "best" brains with new logos and slogans like The University of Manchester is pioneering, influential and exciting.
What are the consequences of the focus on competition instead of cooperation, quantity instead of quality, bureaucratic control instead of academic freedom and what can be done about it?
In the new issue of the journal New Proposals, anthropologist Charles R. Menzies writes about the recent developments from his personal experience and explains why the commercialisation also created a space for progressive action.
The search for excellence structures all aspects of the contemporary university environment, he writes:
In its operational mode excellence is little more than a set of quantified indictors?dollar value of grants, number of publications, ranking of publication venue, completion rates of students, and so on. These indicators are tabulated by individual, unit, or university and then ranked accordingly. Deriving from the tautological market principle that those who win are bydefinition excellent, being top ranked makes one excellent. (…) Our work becomes measured by quantity and placement of output: ?so long as one publishes with the prestigious academic presses and journals, one?s publications are ?excellent?? (Wang 2005:535)
Academics in the university of excellence are expected to win grants and publish papers. In this they have a lot of autonomy. For as long as academics in the university of excellence maintain their productivity at the rate being set by their colleagues a limited social space is opened up for progressive activity. He writes that he often says to his students: ?Yes we must publish, but we get to choose what we publish?:
For me this has led to a series of articles and films on research methods (2005, 2004, 2003, 2001a) in place of what I may have originally wished to publish. This shift reflects my concern for conducting ethical research and to resist the undue influence of the competitive drive to publish as much as one can. To me, a respectful research engagement means that one takes the time to consult and to work with the people about whom we write. Some researchers, lost in the competitive rush to publish, prioritize their own advancement and desires over the people about whom they write.
He suggests following research topics:
- What are the effects of global capitalism on people?s health and wellbeing?
- How have local/ trans-national elites have gained control over public institutions such as the university of excellence?
- How can we make democratic practice real and what does our knowledge of small-scale societies tell us about the possibility of true participatory democracy?
>> read the whole paper "Reflections on work and activism in the 'university of excellence'"
>> New Proposals Vol 3, No 2 (2010): Universities, Corporatization and Resistance
On his website, Menzies provides community resources and lots of publications to download
Interestingly, the recent issue of the journal Social Anthropology deals with the same topic. And the whole issue is available for free.
In their introduction, Susan Wright and Annika Rabo explain the background for the current reforms:
The current wave of reforms anchors both the global north and south in the so-called global knowledge economy where higher education is universally perceived as increasingly crucial for economic development. In today's political discourse there is less emphasis on higher education as a public right and a means to liberate and cultivate citizens. Higher education occupies centre stage in the discourse on the global knowledge economy because 'knowledge is treated as a raw material' (Slaughter and Rhoades 2004:17). Universities are thus sites for both the mining and the refining of this resource.
A second strand in the international policies for university reform derives from the argument that universities are no longer just servicing the economy: now educating international students is itself a lucrative trade. American, British and Australian universities are especially competitive in this global market, and foreign students are Australia's third most important source of export earnings.
The reforms represent also a "new rationality of governance".
Such reforms involve changing the status of service providers (including universities in many parts of Europe) so that they are no longer part of the state bureaucracy, but are turned into 'autonomous' agents, with whom the state can enter into contracts, and through which they are held 'accountable' for their performance. In many countries, universities are being treated as a service supplier, just like any other part of the public sector.
What we need is more anthropology of university reform:
As the contributions to this special issue show, an anthropologist's view of the 'field' can combine a critical examination of the keywords, policy discourses and rationalities of governance, with an exploration of how political technologies like accountability mechanisms, performance measurement, and customers satisfaction surveys actually work in practice, with accounts of students', academics' and sometimes managers' diverse ideas of the university and how they act to shape their institution in their daily life.
(A)cademics seem not yet to have reformulated their values and modes of organising into a forward-looking vision for universities. There are plenty of contradictions in the reform agenda that could be exploited to this purpose. For example, why do governments imagine that by creating top-down steered, coherent organisations with a hierarchy of autonomous and strategic leaders they are preparing universities for a knowledge economy? Just to be provocative (and ironic, as we can also see negative sides to this image), why not imagine a future university by drawing on some positive aspects of companies which recognise that their biggest resource is the ideas, imagination and ability of the workers, and where staff take responsibility for their own work, have a weekly 'free research' day, and follow their own initiatives through networks of colleagues and short-term project teams in their own institution and internationally? Why not formulate an idea of a university as a kind of flexible, networking 'knowledge organisation'?
>> read the whole paper "Anthropologies of university reform "
>> Social Anthropology Special Issue: Anthropologies of university reform
In my opinion, an analysis of the language used in strategic documents would be interesting. Take for example a look at the Consultation document for University of Oslo?s strategy 2010?2020 where we read about universities? ? role as a growth instigator in the local and global economy" . But a look at the table of contents is enough where we find a list of some of the main goals like ? A quality‐conscious university", ? A ground breaking university? and (being) ?The epitome of a good university".
By the way, just a few hours ago, Chris Kelty has written a post at Savage Minds about the new "Stasi like" culture of control at The Department of Anthropology at UC Berkeley
Thomas Hylland Eriksen: On the fundamental uselessness of universities
Protests at Yale: When Walmart's management principles run an anthropology department
"Intolerant Universities": Anthropology professor Chris Knight suspended over G20-activism
Teamwork, Not Rivalry, Marks New Era in Research
Neoliberal applied anthropology: Who owns the research ? the anthropologist or the sponsor?
Success in publishing defined by quality? Anthropology Matters on "The Politics of Publishing"
Militarisation of Research: Meet the Centre for Studies in Islamism and Radicalisation


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On July 19, 2014, Illinois Governor Pat Quinn signed into law a statute that limits when an employer may inquire about and consider a job applicant's criminal record. The law, known as the Job Opportunities for Qualified Applicants Act (Act), becomes effective on January 1, 2015, and will apply to employers with 15 or more employees in the current or preceding calendar year.
Under the Act, covered employers may not inquire about, consider or require disclosure of an applicant's criminal record or criminal history "until the applicant has been determined qualified for the position and notified that [he or she] has been selected for an interview." If no interview will be conducted, the employer must wait to inquire about, consider or require disclosure of an applicant's criminal record or criminal history "until after a conditional offer of employment is made to the applicant."
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In 2008, administrative and selling expenses totaled EUR11.4 million compared to EUR11.3 million in 2007. General and administrative expenses were EUR6.6 million in 2008 compared to EUR6.8 million in 2007 and include personnel expenses in administrative and financial functions, as well as the remuneration of corporate officers, including stock option, bonus share and warrant attributions. In 2008, selling expenses totaled EUR4.8 million, compared to EUR4.5 million in 2007, and correspond to the market analysis activities for naproxcinod, as well as the business development and communication activities of the Company. The Company anticipates a significant increase in its selling expenses in the future, due to activities linked to the commercial launch preparation for naproxcinod. On December 31, 2008, the Company employed 36 people in its selling, general, and administrative departments, compared to 33 people on December 31, 2007.
Other income
Other income totaled EUR3.8 million in 2008, compared to EUR3.9 million in 2007. Other income corresponds mainly to the operational subsidies from the research tax credits which were previously deducted from research and development expenses until December 31, 2007.
Operating result
In 2008, the operating loss totaled EUR79.2 million, compared to EUR37.2 million in 2007. This situation is explained by the considerable increase in operating expenses during 2008 and by the significant decrease in revenues recognized in 2008 as indicated above.
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Best place aroundPosted on 11 / 06 / 2012
I shop at this location the most. There are other health food stores in the area but this is by far the best. The prices are reasonable and the employees are very friendly and knowledgeable. I shop here on a weekly basis and prefer to shop here instead of other stores.
Cons: None


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Newsmaker: Wanda E. Beasley
Noteworthy: Beasley received the Community Service Award from Family Resources, a nonprofit that works to prevent and treat child abuse, for her performance as a social worker. Her colleagues in the Allegheny County Office of Children, Youth and Families nominated her.
Age: 34
Residence: Penn Hills
Family: Children Taariq, 17, Eugene, 15, and Dewayne, 3
Occupation: Beasley is a caseworker for the Children, Youth and Families.
Background: A social worker for six years, Beasley hopes to obtain a clinical license for social work and open her own counseling service.
Education: Bachelor's and master's degrees in social work, University of Pittsburgh, 2007 and 2009, respectively
Quote: "Being a caseworker, you don't get a lot of recognition, but I love my job. I love being able to assist and help families. It feels good to make a positive change in their lives."
— Bobby Kerlik
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