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Sales stats
UK pre-owned gaming sales are up 25%
Uk gamers are going cheap
Sep 10
// Laura Kate Dale
According to a report made by Kantar Worldpanel and picked up by MCV, pre-owned game sales in the UK are up 25% on last year, but the number of people purchasing pre-owned games has not increased. Last-gen consoles accou...
Used console game sale at GameFly and Best Buy
For those games you won't pay full price on
Feb 11
// Dealzon
If you like to thumb through a hoard of fire-sale videogames at the local Walmart, we've got the perfect sale for you. The classic pastime can now be done digitally today at GameFly's new Used Game Blowout Sale. They've ...
GameStop trades
GameStop announces streamlined trade-in scheme
New used game policy features four pricing options
Aug 11
// Kyle MacGregor
GameStop will implement a new trade-in policy starting August 18, simplifying its current program with fewer pricing tiers. The announcement confirms earlier reports. The values depend on whether customers want cash or in-sto...
GameStop is simplifying the way it handles trade-ins
Increasing the 'average base value' of traded-in games
Aug 05
// Jordan Devore
Later this month, GameStop will revamp its trade-in program for used games in an attempt to simplify the process, reports Kotaku. Under the new system, there will only be four possible prices paid for games -- instead of up t...
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Used games
Walmart to take a run at GameStop in used games market
'When Walmart disrupts markets and competes, our customer wins'
Mar 18
// Brett Makedonski
The used games market is one that many big retailers have had their eye on, but few have been able to crack. GameStop is the giant with regard to brick-and-mortar stores, but it's about to get some fierce competition from a ...
EA on used games
EA: 'Used games are an important part of the industry'
Nov 20
// Steven Hansen
EA is acknowledging that, "there will be a physical business [for games] probably for a long period of time." Finally. This comes from EA CFO Blake Jorgensen, speaking at the UBS Global Technology Conference. "I also think th...
PlayStation 4
Sony had 'no intention' of changing its used games policy
'We need to be fair and to think of the consumer experience first,' says SCE CEO
Jul 04
// Jordan Devore
Speaking to the Guardian about Sony's same-old used games policy for the PlayStation 4, Sony Computer Entertainment CEO Andrew House says that feedback from gamers demanding the current system remain in place was "not just, i...
Are you happy with the changes to Xbox One?
Jun 25
// Conrad Zimmerman
We answer The Question
Now that Microsoft has reversed their stance on initiatives restricting used game sales and more potent digital rights management for the Xbox One, has your bloodlust been sated? Does Microsoft still have work to do in convincing you of the value of their console, or has the vice grip been loosened on your wallet? Answer The Question for yourself in the comments!
Jimquisition: Why PC Gaming Gets Away With It
Jun 24
// Jim Sterling
Jimquisition happens every Monday!
The Xbox One no longer enforces restrictions on used games, but the debate over console DRM is not over. One lingering question is this -- why are consoles criticized, but PC gets away with it? One would assume the plentiful...
An industry that needs Xbox One DRM is a failed industry
Jun 20
// Jim Sterling
One need only look at the PC and its dominant digital market to see how far major publishers can be trusted. Steam is its own DRM. When you buy a game from Steam, it's about as protected from piracy as it can get. That didn't stop companies like Electronic Arts and Ubisoft from sticking their own DRM in on top of Steam's protection. Be it SecuROM or constant Internet connections, these publishers were so paranoid and desperate for a sense of control they crammed extra restrictions on top of existing ones. And to linger further on Electronic Arts, this is the same company that said, five years ago, games need to stop all coming out at $60. CEO John Riccitiello said companies need to explore cheaper games and flexible pricing. Did EA lead the charge? Did it fuck! Instead, it produced Origin, its own digital service where it could handle distribution and do away with physical production ... and still charges $60 per game. People could argue that EA still relies on retail and can't afford to tread on its toes. What, exactly, was Xbox One doing to change that? Retail was still a massive part of Microsoft's plans. GameStop, the pretend villain of the game industry, was going to be looked after, because the game industry is in league with it. Some suggest we'll see an increase in pre-order bonuses, but again, such things are still all over the fucking PC market. Going all-digital doesn't change that. Companies will still use these things to try and desperately entice gamers, with exclusive pre-order DLC on various online store fronts, and "digital deluxe" editions that allow a company to charge $80 for a bunch of virtual goods. This is shit already happening in the increasingly digital PC market, and the idea that companies would suddenly stop a gravy train in full motion is almost child-like. That we all could believe in faeries! And let's take a whimsical trip to the world of mobile gaming. No retail to worry about there, right? It's all digital distribution by default, so surely our beloved major publishers are being reasonable. Oh ... but what's this I see? Is that Square Enix charging $30 for iOS games, and releasing one of the most vile money-grabbing non-games of all time? Is that Electronic Arts turning Theme Park into a gigantic free-to-play scam? Why ... it's almost as if major publishers aren't looking for ways to make games cheaper for us, and instead will squeeze as much money out of us as they can get away with, simply because they can. But how could that be? Surely Square Enix and Electronic Arts are misrepresented heroes, who only want to break free from GameStop's shackles and look after us. No. Only in the picture books. In the real world, they've demonstrated a consistent willingness to turn any freedom they have into new methods of pulling egregious bullshit. Above all, this glittering ideal of digital distribution as a cure-all magic potion for the industry's problems is the product of remedial fantasy. A digital market won't free publishers from their obligations to clueless investors who demand all of the money at all times. It won't stop companies focus testing the shit out of their games as more and more products appeal to audiences spread thin by such saturation. It won't stop ludicrously excessive development and marketing budgets. I'm a big believer in digital distribution, but I don't believe in sorcery, and as such I don't think digital's going to solve everything rotten in the game industry. The big budget market is too far gone for that. Xbox One tried to leap to step five without doing steps one, two, three, and four. It wanted to rush us from physical media to digital media, without clearly communicating its goals, or producing a console that gave direct and tangible benefits to the consumer, or proving it could withstand the demands of a product so reliant on the Internet, or without even ensuring there was a big enough audience for it. You can ask Sony how well that worked with the PSPgo (it didn't work very well). The PC proved it was ready for digital distribution, but it took years to do so. You can't just get up and start running when you're not even crawling properly, and in the years since Steam and GOG rose to become justifiable alternatives to physical media, home consoles languished with slow interfaces, clunky storefronts, and expensive games without any of the benefits we've come to expect from PC games. No mods. No quick option for patching content. No user fixes. None of that. Consoles need to work to earn their digital future. They can't just wake up one day and have it presented to them on a velvet pillow. And if that's what consoles need, if they so require magic and wishes to avoid drowning in their own mess, then what good are they? Why should they survive? My God, do these companies love the fuck out of capitalism, but it seems that when capitalism comes to collect, when the flip-side of the system's benefits come to bite them on the ass, they try their best to run away from it. Even if the very worst of dooms befalls the so-called "AAA" console industry, I'm not worried. If this past E3 of buzz words and brown games taught me anything, it's that old companies and shriveled executives need to be cut down to make way for new blood. We need a new generation of game producers, not game consoles, and when the big trees fall, the smaller ones can finally get some sunlight. Good games will always be around, they just won't need the Old Guard to tell them what to do, to buy them up and spit them out. The death of a convoluted and broken market doesn't sound like a bad thing to me. Not if, according to some, the only way for them to survive is to directly fuck with their own audience. What is it people like Cliff Bleszinski always say to gamers? Oh right, it's a business! Yeah, it's a business alright. You know what businesses are very good at doing? Failing. And if companies fail because they needed a console that inconvenienced consumers and imposed restrictions on other markets, well ... that's business for you. Prove you deserve to survive. It's a business ... and that means you're not fucking entitled to your existence.
Some things deserve to die
It looks like we're going to do this dance again. So soon. In the wake of Microsoft reversing its Xbox One DRM policies, brave corporate warrior Cliff Bleszinski wasted little time in telling us how this would be a bad thing ...
Jimquisition: Xbox One No DRM Emergency Special
Jun 19
// Jim Sterling
Xbox One got dat no DRM!
Xbox One Eighty more like HA HA HA HA HA! Jimquisition rushes to bring a half-baked opinion in the afterfall of Microsoft reversing its DRM policy on Xbox One.
Used games
Avalanche founder on trade-ins: Games are too short
Mad Max and Just Cause developer sounds off
Jun 17
// Jordan Devore
There are multiple good reasons for trading in a game once you have had enough, but in the eyes of Avalanche Studios founder Christofer Sundberg, length is the determining factor -- titles "have been too short,...
Jimquisition: PS4 - Doing Nothing, Meaning Everything
Jun 17
// Jim Sterling
Jimquisition happens every Monday!
Sony created a magic moment this past week at E3, declaring for the world that PS4 would not restrict used games or utilize DRM. Power to the people! Of course, it can be said Sony didn't actually do anything, yet is being l...
EA says Online Passes weren't worth the PR damage
'Worst company of 2012/2013' reverses used game policies
Jun 13
// Jim Sterling
Shortly before the reveal of Xbox One, Electronic Arts finally announced it was scrapping its dreadful Online Pass system, due to "listening to the public." While the Xbox One's DRM-fueled strategy renders the Online Pass obs...
Did Sony confirm DRM on PS4 after all? Not quite!
PS4 retains all the policies PS3 had, basically
Jun 11
// Jim Sterling
[Update: Sony has outright confirmed my initial interpretation. As reported by GameFront, Sony has stated that Tretton's use of the term "DRM" referred only to playing used games online. Essentially, they're talking about let...
Sony details EXACTLY how to share games on PS4
Also, nails Microsoft's ass to three separate walls
Jun 10
// Jim Sterling
Riding high off its announcement that the PlayStation 4 will have no DRM, no anti-used game policy, and will support game ownership, Sony has released a video detailing its incredibly deep and nuanced system for sharing physical copies of games. This, right here, is the great video of E3 so far. Bar none. Oh my GOD, is this stuff glorious. Xbox Owned.
PlayStation 4 won't restrict used games or use DRM
Jun 10
// Joshua Derocher
Sony calls out the Xbox's bullshit
Sony confirmed that they won't be putting any restrictions on used games. They stated that they believe people have the right to do what they want with the games they buy. Gamers will be able to sell, trade, lend, and rent vi...
Xbox One
Microsoft's Mattrick tries to ease Xbox One concerns
"Those business models exist today and they'll exist in the future"
Jun 10
// Tony Ponce
Following this morning's eventful Microsoft conference, Microsoft president of interactive entertainment, Don Mattrick, stepped to the side to speak with BBC News on all things Xbox One. He tried to calm our nerves regarding ...
Jimquisition: Xbox One and the Death of Ownership
Jun 10
// Jim Sterling
Jimquisition happens every Monday!
Well, Microsoft went and did it. It took the step publishers have fantasized over for years, and destroyed the concept of videogame ownership. The Xbox One will sell you games, but it keeps what it sells, while controlling a...
Xbox One kills game ownership, here's what Xbox fans say
Jun 07
// Jim Sterling
"So essentially if my internet goes out for more than 24 hours I've got a $400+ shiny brick." - Matthew. "Pretty much! A shiny liquid black blu-ray player that won't be able to play games once they turn off the servers. I can still play my Playstation, 3DO Saturn, Dreamcast, Xbox, and older consoles no problem, but retro Xbox One is not going to happen. Essentially, they sell you a expensive box that allows you to play the games you "licensed" but not own, a box that needs MS to run or do anything, Forces you to use their service for a yearly or monthly fee, to get the most features out of the box, without the sales or prices of Steam on PC, and unlike steam, wont allow you to play offline for longer than 24 hours."It's essentially a very corporate hardware version of Steam, without the benefits Steam offers, or the sales. It's a corporate publisher dream come true, and its a consumer nightmare." - Fear Monkey. "This is a great day for corporate America and a terrible day for consumers. Guess we know who Microsoft's "real" customers are. "Microsoft... You. Never. Learn." - BrandonL. "One thing I'm confused about, is why Major Nelson and Microsoft acted like what Phil Harrison said in the interviews on May 21st were incorrect and all the rumors were misrepresenting the truth. In reality, it was all true and accurate. Why even bother lying just to admit it two weeks later?" - UNSCleric. "If you rent games, XBOX one is not for you.If you trade games with your friends , XBOX one is not for you.If you don't have a good connection, XBOX one is not for you.And if you don't want to support these kind of policies and restrictions because you love games and you know the impact that this will have to the future of gaming, then XBOX one is definitely not for you" - Costas. "Would have been so easy to fix with a small alteration: online check not needed if the user inserts the disk. "As it stands, no way. I have suffered with SimCity enough to know that this is a terrible platform." - arrow22. "There will be a lot of lost business from those in the military. When you are forward deployed, either boots on ground or on a ship, one of the most common things to do with your free time is play video games. You can't expect soldiers and sailors to buy this system if they aren't even going to be able to play it. There is no way for them to be able to connect it to a network." - Seth Simmons. "So absolutely no benefits to me as a consumer, a chart just to know when and how I can play, destruction of personal sale, tear down of physical media preservation, AND a requirement to authenticate. Good job." - Matt Paprocki. "The more I read about the Xbox One, the less I want one." - CyberSkull. "1. Thank you for compiling this overview of the points that were woefully unclear during the Reveal Conference, it is greatly appreciated. "2. I no longer see myself purchasing your console in the future "To those making cute excuses about the 24hr. sign in requirement: It is not only a matter of solidarity with those who don't have a stable connection, just imagine that Microsoft has just informed |every hacker group out there| that to piss off |all| of their customers all they need to do is hit MS's servers for 48hrs. "If the powers that be at Microsoft can't understand how bad an idea this is then words cannot describe how myopic they are." - R Moss. "What truly blows my mind is MS willingness to shift the balance of power so completely from themselves to these major publishers. Publishers that have already more than proven their disdain for their own customers." - Adam Stamos. "So MS is saying if my internet is broken for longer the 24 hrs than my XBox One just becomes a fking TV remote ?! WHAT THE FK!!" - h2h. "Hey, thanks for making this decision much easier for me, Major. Since I'm going to be screwed by anti-consumerism and the destruction of the First Sale Doctrine either way, I'll be leaving the Xbox Brand behind in favor of PC. "At least on PC I can get games on mega sale, deploy developer sanctioned game extending mods, and have better graphics and data management. I've been an Xbox owner since day one of the first console (ah, memories of Oddworld: Munch's Oddysee) but no longer." - Captiosus. "I can't believe there are people brainwashed enough by Microsoft to be fine with this news lmao. This is one of the shadiest and most money-hungry / power-hungry things I've ever seen a corporation try and do in this industry...this is absolutely pathetic and disgusting." - Johnathan. "What I hate the most is this constant pushing of Kinect that none of us really want. They say we can turn of all of the features and not be required to use it, great! So why the hell do I have to have it plugged in then? It makes NO sense. I don't want it, I don't like it and I never will. And I really don't trust MS to not sell my data, so their word means nothing to me. I feel this is being overlooked and it shouldn't be, it's a disgrace." - LittleSaintGopher. "You know what will be hilarious? When this console gets hacked and its your paying customers that are inconvenienced." - Hein. "Why do you allow used blu rays Microsoft?! Please think of the movie industry families living in dirt houses! Fix this!!" - NoBullet. "I thought I would never say this, but I'm sony playstation." - Some guy called Sony PlayStation, I think.
Gamers react to Microsoft's robbery of consumer rights
Microsoft finally clarified much of its policy on used games and online restrictions with the Xbox One, and the news is grim for those who actually believe in consumer rights. With its new system, Microsoft will take the fina...
Xbox One games require online verification every 24 hours
Jun 06
// Jordan Devore
Continuing with the "Ugh, really?" news, to the surprise of no one: "In our role as a game publisher, Microsoft Studios will enable you to give your games to friends or trade in your Xbox One games at participating retailers. Third party publishers may opt in or out of supporting game resale and may set up business terms or transfer fees with retailers. Microsoft does not receive any compensation as part of this. In addition, third party publishers can enable you to give games to friends. Loaning or renting games won't be available at launch, but we are exploring the possibilities with our partners." This is, sadly, right in line with what many of us were expecting from Microsoft. Now I have to wonder how Xbox Live Gold subscriptions will play into all of this. Not liking where this is headed. Lastly, for Kinect, "The system will navigate you through key privacy options, like automatic or manual sign in, privacy settings, and clear notifications about how data is used," according to Microsoft. "When Xbox One is on and you're simply having a conversation in your living room, your conversation is not being recorded or uploaded." "If you don't want the Kinect sensor on while playing games or enjoying your entertainment, you can pause Kinect. To turn off your Xbox One, just say 'Xbox Off.' When the system is off, it's only listening for the single voice command -- 'Xbox On,' and you can even turn that feature off too. Some apps and games may require Kinect functionality to operate, so you'll need to turn it back on for these experiences."
'Every Xbox One owner has a broadband connection'
Spread across multiple blog posts, Microsoft has finally clarified some of its policies regarding online connection requirements and trading in used games. Describing the system as being "designed from the ground up to be rea...
Using SCIENCE to learn the effects of killing used games
May 31
// Tony Ponce
By eliminating the used market AND dropping prices, publishers could profit
With all this hubbub over used games and whether eliminating them would be good or bad for the overall industry, it was only a matter of time before SCIENCE was brought in to drop some truth bombs. Professors Masakazu Ishihar...
Take-Two: 'Tablets are going to be as good as PCs'
Release their core games on tablets right alonside consoles and PC
May 31
// Hamza CTZ Aziz
Take-Two's CEO Strauss Zelnick is a man that sees the same future I do. A future where tablets will be on par with next-generation consoles. Strauss gave a talk at the Cowen and Company Technology, Media and Telecom Conferenc...
MMOs don't work in the US, Take-Two CEO says
But they do work in Asia
May 31
// Hamza CTZ Aziz
Did you know Take-Two was investing in the MMO genre? They sure are, but don't be surprised by your lack of knowledge on their projects as these MMOs are targeted just for Asia. "We're actively investing in online MMOs, we're...
Take-Two: Delight consumers, don't punish them
CEO Strauss Zelnick talks used games
May 31
// Hamza CTZ Aziz
Take-Two CEO Strauss Zelnick gave a talk at the Cowen Technology, Media, and Telecom Conference, where he had a number of things to say about his company and the industry as a whole. Strauss brought up the used games fee that...
Jimquisition: When The Starscreams Kill Used Games
May 27
// Jim Sterling
Jimquisition happens every Monday!
The Xbox One will kill used games and control second-hand sales, and some people think that's great. Jim Sterling is not among them. While members of the gaming media attempt to see the positive side of murdering the used ga...
Gamers make it clear to Sony they want a DRM-free PS4
May 27
// Jim Sterling
While Microsoft continues to flop around following the revelation of its Xbox One user restrictions, gamers have sensed an opportunity to suggest Sony steal some free PR points, campaigning for a DRM-free PlayStation 4. ...
Microsoft: Xbox One reports 'inaccurate and incomplete'
Vague Microsoft doesn't know why we misunderstand its vague statements
May 25
// Jim Sterling
Microsoft, by way of mouthpiece Major Nelson, has criticized reports on its Xbox One used game policy as "inaccurate and incomplete," seeming to miss the fact they're based entirely on Microsoft's own statements -- which have...
GameStop stock drops following Xbox One reveal
Everything is upsy-daisy!
May 25
// Tony Ponce
As if the fallout from the Xbox One reveal on Tuesday couldn't get any weirder, along comes news that GameStop stock ended the trading week down 19%. The company's share price had been dropping steadily throughout the week, a...
Destiny, Ryse, Mirror's Edge 2 & Jonathan Blow
The Destructoid Show takes a long nap
May 24
// Max Scoville
Hey boys and girls, here's today's energetic and stupid Destructoid Show. It's the Friday of a very busy week, so excuse us if our brains are visibly leaking out of our ears. I'm really excited about Destiny, based on this t...
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Metal Gear Online
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Dengeki Bunko: Fighting Climax
Dragon Quest Heroes: The World Tree's Woe and the Blight Below
Transformers Devastation
Rock Band 4
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Ubisoft walked me through The Division, and I'm still unsure about it
Guitar Hero Live left me afraid to ever try playing live music
Soar the island-filled skies of Worlds Adrift
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The history of Lara Croft
Star Wars Battlefront looks so good as a 16-bit game
When a Mario level is named 'P is for Pain,' you're in trouble
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Status updates from everyone
Virtua Kazama
One thing I've learned about the Japanese fighting game players: They are willing to play any fighter no matter how good or bad it is, and they don't shit on the game or the community behind it.
I killed Darth Vader by crashing a spaceship into him 10/10
Watched the first ep of One Punch Man and I was not disappointed. It seems like they'll be adding their own stories into it because I don't remember that fight in the last 5 minutes in the manga. I'll have to reread it to make sure.
Paul S
What the hell is Sega using in the printing of their PS3 game manuals? I wouldn't be surprised if some dumb kid stuck one in a plastic bag and started huffing the fumes to get high.
Been playing MGO obsessively, still can't find anyone in their right mind that uses the Hush Puppy. So of course I'm gonna be the dumb bastard that tries.
Why don't we have more games that use filtered 3D models to creat faux-pixel art? It's such a cool, smooth style, but you never see any games using it.
Oh lawd. Next Saturday, Gamestop will have three hour access to Tri-Force Heroes. Nintendo, really wish we could just get normal demos from you more often, please!
I made this. Want one? [IMG]HTTPS://WWW.filepicker.io/api/file/R6qVRmxaRwuXZFZG66b1[/IMG]
Star Wars Battlefront is pretty good. Except the beta is basically a demo with nothing in it so that upsets me. but it's still pretty good.
Just cleaning up the last of Gotham's Most Wanted before I finish Arkham Knight. Those Riddler trophies...much more fun than Arkham City but my word, stop it Rocksteady. Love the game though, outstanding. In my top 5 this year, fo sho.
Jed Whitaker
SCIENCE. IS. AWESOME. [youtube]https://youtu.be/YbYWhdLO43Q[/youtube]
Jed Whitaker
Looks like my copy of Chibi-Robo: Zip Lash won't be here till Tuesday. What do I pay for Amazon Prime for again? I think I might have to stream me playing it.
Pixie The Fairy
I have just heard someone say Uncharted was a "role playing game."
The glitched walking animation people carrying crates in Novigrad do is hilarious.
Undecided what to do with my weekend now my fiancée is away. One part of me says I should work my ass off, another says I should go watch The Martian while the last part tells me to be a slob, play games and masturbate to Highschool DXD.. Such a hard lif
Steel Squirrel
The 1.10 patch for The Witcher 3 is out. Downloading for PS4. Pretty excited to see the changes, especially since it said the damn swamps in Velen would finally see performance enhancements, along with like a million other areas. So good! Yes?
Just got confirmation that a feature I spent way too long writing is going up on Sunday. Not a bad way to start the weekend off, though I wish I had a slot on a weekday.
PB&J sandwiches. Saturday morning cartoons. A blanket. Ominous sounds coming from the next room. Blood seeping from the walls. A dark figure standing in the corner, staring, watching. Darkness, everywhere. Such darkness. This is childhood.
Dear Namco, give me a proper localizer Super Robot Wars title. I need it in my viens, especially this https://youtu.be/L3PjpOtFxnw?t=29s
Mark Plechaty
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Obamacare could be a boon for tax preparers
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Elizabeth Ann Sheridan (née Linley) when Miss Linley
3 of 14 portraits of Elizabeth Ann Sheridan (née Linley)
© National Portrait Gallery, London
Elizabeth Ann Sheridan (née Linley) when Miss Linley
after Unknown artist
line engraving, 1770s-1780s
4 1/2 in. x 3 7/8 in. (113 mm x 99 mm) plate size; 6 1/8 in. x 4 3/4 in. (154 mm x 122 mm) paper size
Purchased with help from the Whitin Fund, 1955
Reference Collection
Click on the links below to find out more:
Sitterback to top
- Elizabeth Ann Sheridan (née Linley) (1754-1792), Singer and writer. Sitter in 14 portraits.
Artistback to top
- Unknown artist. Artist associated with 6307 portraits.
Subjects & Themesback to top
Tell us moreback to top
Can you tell us more about this portrait? Spotted an error, something missing, or do you know anything that we don't know? If you have any information to share please complete the form below
Exhibitions and displays
- The Tudors Reimagined: George Perfect Harding
Until 14 February 2016
Related pages


text:
Originally posted on Fox Sports Ohio | Last updated 7/5/13
CLEVELAND (AP) -- Rick Porcello pitched seven sharp innings, Jhonny Peralta drove in two runs and the Detroit Tigers beat Cleveland for the sixth consecutive time, winning 7-0 on Friday night to extend their lead in the AL Central over the second-place Indians. Porcello (5-6) allowed five hits and was never really threatened until Carlos Santana flied out to the warning track in center field to end the sixth. The right-hander set the tone for the Tigers, who dominated the opener of the four-game wraparound series. With their fourth straight win, Detroit moved 2 games ahead of Cleveland, which returned from an 11-game road trip to just its second sellout crowd at Progressive Field this season. Ramon Santiago had a two-run single in the second inning off Justin Masterson (10-7), and Victor Martinez went 3 for 3 with two RBIs. The Tigers improved to 7-2 against the Indians this season. About the only bright spot for Cleveland was Jason Kipnis pushing his hitting streak to 16 games. The...
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text: Al White | IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information Official Broadway League sites: - sites - broadway.org broadwayleague.com broadwayfanclub.com kidsnightonbroadway.com stagespecs.org tonyawards.com Quick Search For: In This Category: All Show People/Org. Theatre Season Al White Performer ( b. May 17, 1942 Houston, Texas, USA ) Male ProductionsAwards ProductionsDate of ProductionsTwo Trains Running[Play, Original] Performer: Al White [Memphis]Apr 13, 1992 - Aug 30, 1992 1992 Theatre World AwardTwo Trains Running [recipient]Performer: Al White Find out where Al White and are credited together © 2001-2015, The Broadway League, All Rights Reserved. (Copyright and Disclaimer)


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Goldcar is available nationally in the main tourist areas of Spain.
Directions to get to the meeting point and Goldcar location:
We find Goldcar located at Malaga airport: Customers coming from both Terminal 2 and Terminal 3 should head for the parking of AENA, take the elevator to the floor -1 and go to the drop-off area where our office is located.
Malaga - Airport Office at Arrivals Terminal
The minimum driver age to rent a vehicle with Goldcar in Malaga is 21 years and possession of a driver's license for at least one year.
Drivers under 25 or with a license between 1 and 4 years old, will pay 3€ extra per day to a maximum of 42 € per rental.
*Prices and details about hiring a car with Goldcar were valid at the moment of writting this article.
Visit our car hire forum to post your opinion, concerns or complaints about Goldcar.
If you want to rent a car in Malaga without a problem, we recommend using our own system where we choose the best company for Malaga car hire.


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After three days of a scoreboard order that wouldn't budge, Jud Smith finally broke out of 2nd place to win the 2015 Green Flash J/70 North American Championship.
Paul Didham recently had the opportunity to compete in the 2015 Laser Radial Youth World Championship. This prestigious event was held in Kingston Canada.
Victor Wild, owner/skipper of the TP52 Bud, accepted the St. Francis Perpetual Trophy at the 2015 Rolex Big Boat Series while also winning ORR Class A.
Thank you so much for supporting my crew and I in the C420 North Americans! It was my first big away regatta, and although it was a pretty light air regatta, it was an exceptional experience and I was very proud to represent SDYC.
The 2015 C420 North Americans was the last major regatta in the C420 circuit. It consisted of 75+ boats hosted by Sail NC in Manteo, North Carolina.
This past July, I had the opportunity to compete in the 2015, ISAF Team Racing World Championship held in Rutland, UK.
Paul Didham spent the summer sailing Laser Radials at the Youth Champs, Laser Nationals and Laser North Americans all across the country. And with large 100+ boat fleets, Paul finished Top Ten in all three events.
Roger Williams University in Rhode Island hosted the 2015 U.S Sailing Youth Championship. The regatta is invitation only; therefore, competition is always tough.
On July 17, Kelly Holthus led a parade of small white sails across the channel for the 46th installation of SDYC's iconic Dutch Shoe Marathon. Nearly 150 sabots competed in the seven-mile race from Point Loma to Coronado
On behalf of the entire SDYC representation at the StFYC invitational, thank you very much for your support. We all had an amazing weekend of racing against the top teams in California, and were very excited to finish with a 10-1 record to take the win.
Page 1 of 25 pages 1 2 3 > Last ›


text:
Kit Includes:
Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader
76-004 - Test Clip Lead Kit
Set of eight mini-hook patch cords. Each patch cord has miniature hook clips on each end of 19" long PVC wire. Set consists of two black, two red, one green, one yellow, one blue and one white cords. 2A max.
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100MHz Oscilloscope Probe Kit
Ideal for oscilloscopes and other portable instruments.
The web site was easy to use, I found everything I was looking for. I like the one stop shop. I am telling all my friends about MCM Electronics.


text:
Rio de Janeiro ATTRACTIONS See all
Tours & Tickets
Petropolis Day Trip from Rio de Janeiro including Imperial Museum and Crystal Palace
Spend a day at Petrópolis, a mountainside retreat that once served as a summer getaway for Brazil's royalty. On this guided tour, wander through the ... Read more
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Duration: 10 hours (approx.)
Day Trip to Petrópolis from Rio de Janeiro
Dive into a piece of Brazilian history on this full day tour to Petrópolis from Rio de Janeiro. Learn about the history and heritage of this city and ... Read more
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Duration: 7 hours (approx.)


text:
Hobby Lobby
The Briefing 03-26-14
One of the most important religious liberty cases in recent history now before Supreme Court; In a fallen world, we can't even take the ground…
- Audio
- Hobby Lobby
- Landslides
- Marijuana
- Religious Liberty
The Briefing 11-26-13
Contraception Mandate likely headed to Supreme Court matters for all of us, not just Hobby Lobby; Will same-sex marriage split the United Methodist Church? Church…
- Abortion
- Audio
- Church of England
- contraception mandate
- Hobby Lobby
- Obamacare
- Russia
- Same-Sex Marriage
- Supreme Court
- United Methodist Church
The Briefing 10-23-13
Religious Freedom Too Important: Hobby Lobby wants contraception mandate case decided by the Supreme Court; Government can't replace parents: Speaking to young children dramatically enhances…
- Affordable Care Act
- Audio
- Contraception
- Hobby Lobby
- Language-gap
- Pre-K
- Supreme Court
- violence
- Youth
The Briefing 08-05-13
Embassies shut down in response to al Qaeda threats; Secular world baffled by In-N-Out, Hobby Lobby, and other "Christian" companies; Pentagon decides explicit magazines no…
- Breastfeeding
- Christian Companies
- Explicit Material
- Foreign Policy
- Government
- Hobby Lobby
- In-N-Out
- US Embassies
The Briefing 01-02-13
Today marks the beginning of the 2013 season. Story 1 – The Fiscal Cliff: an artificial crisis that points to a very real one US…
- Audio
- contraception mandate
- Fiscal Cliff
- gay marriage
- Hillary Clinton
- Hobby Lobby
- Legislation
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The Briefing 09-14-12
Anti-American Protests Over Film Enter 4th Day… From Benghazi To Cairo To Jerusalem To Damascus… Paul Moreno: How Public Unions Became So Powerful… McDonald's To…
- Audio
- Health Care Reformed Bill
- Hobby Lobby
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 6, 1989
|Filing date
|Nov 2, 1987
|Priority date
|Nov 2, 1987
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|David Burkett
|Original Assignee
|Fisher Scientific Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (114), Classifications (13), Legal Events (16)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates generally to devices which are useful for monitoring fluid pressure in a fluid line and indicating when variations in pressure exceed established limits. More particularly, the present invention relates to a device which monitors fluid flow through a resilient tube to detect when there is a partial restriction to fluid flow through the tube. The present invention is particularly, but not exclusively, useful in the health care field in combination with an IV infusion pump for the administration of medical solutions to a patient.
As is well known in the health care field, unwanted restrictions or occlusions in the fluid line of an IV administration system can have serious consequences for the patient to which medical solutions are being administered. Accordingly, much effort has been given to detecting such conditions before complications result. It is known that the incorporation of a fluid pump in an IV administration system will help alleviate problems caused by fluid line restrictions. Use of a pump, however, does not completely solve these problems. Indeed, it can even create other problems. The conclusion is that partial restrictions in a fluid line cannot be ignored.
Previously, the concern with IV administration systems incorporating pumps has focused on identifying excessive fluid pressures in the system which would indicate the presence of an occlusion. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,244,365 to McGill et al. discloses an overpressure device useful for this purpose. Also, U.S. Pat. No. 4,277,227 to Jenkins discloses a device which is activated to indicate a restriction or occlusion whenever a predetermined fluid pressure is attained. On the other hand, devices such as the one disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,277,226 to Archibald, react to the absence of fluid pressure in the line to indicate an occlusion. Of the many devices disclosed for actually measuring the fluid pressure in the line, a resilient diaphragm as disclosed in the '227 patent to Jenkins is typical. Another method for measuring fluid pressure is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,373,525 to Kobayashi which uses a device that measures dimensional variations in the outside diameter of a resilient tube and correlates these variations to changes in fluid pressure.
In none of these earlier references, however, has there been a teaching or suggestion that response parameters for dimensional variations in the outside diameter of a resilient fluid line can be periodically established during a downstream occlusion and that subsequent variations can be tested for compliance with these parameters. In accordance with the present invention, compliance with the established parameters indicates that normal operation can continue. On the other hand, violation of the parameters indicates the presence of a partial restriction in the upstream line.
Detection of a partial upstream restriction is important because, for one thing, the operation of a pump in a system with such a restriction can result in fluid volume errors. This is particularly so when peristaltic pumps are employed. Also, partial restrictions in the fluid line can cause resistive forces that reduce the system's overall efficiency. For example, overcoming these resistive forces can cause the pump's motor to labor. Additionally, partial restrictions in a fluid line can create disruptive fluid flow conditions within the system which cause still further problems.
The present invention recognizes that partial restrictions in the line upstream from a pump can be detected and that such detection will obviate unwanted consequences of a partial restriction. Specifically, the present invention recognizes that, for IV administration systems incorporating peristaltic pumps, fluid volume errors can result from the partial collapse of the fluid line caused when the pump attempts to pull fluid through a restriction.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device for detecting partial restrictions in a fluid line. It is another object of the present invention to provide means for establishing acceptable fluid pressure parameters in the line, within which normal operation of the pump can continue. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a partial restriction detector which is relatively easy to manufacture, which is reliable and which is cost effective.
The preferred embodiment of the device for the present invention which is used to detect partial restrictions in the resilient fluid line connecting a fluid source with a pump comprises a gauge mounted on the pump for operative association with the fluid line. Specifically, the gauge is positioned to rest against the fluid line to measure dimensional variations in its outside diameter. Further, means associated with the guage correlates these dimensional variations with changes in the fluid pressure in the line. The preferred embodiment also comprises means to conditionally occlude the line downstream from the gauge and subsequently monitor the pressure variations at the location of the gauge prior to fluid pressure stabilization. The device of the present invention also comprises means to establish a threshold pressure relative to the fluid pressure immediately following the occlusion of the line and to subsequently establish a retest pressure relative to the stabilized pressure. Means are also provided to alarm the device whenever the threshold pressure is attained and to establish a new threshold pressure if the retest pressure is realized.
The present invention may be used in combination with either a peristaltic pump, in which a moving zone of occlusion is generated along the fluid line, or in combination with a valved pump, in which the valve periodically occludes the upstream line while fluid is pumped into the downstream line. Where a peristaltic pump is used, the present invention further comprises means to stop the pump for a predetermined interval of time when the occlusion is downstream from the gauge. Additionally, means are provided to extend this interval an operationally permissible increment of time in the event the fluid pressure in the line has not stabilized below the threshold pressure within the originally established interval.
The novel features of this invention as well as the invention itself, both as to its organization and operation, will be best understood from the accompanying drawings taken in conjunction with the accompanying description in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts and which:
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an IV system incorporating the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pumping mechanism incorporating the present invention as seen along the line 2--2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the gauge of the present invention as presented in FIG. 1 when viewed along the line 3--3 in FIG 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the peristaltic mechanism shown in FIG. 2 with the peristaltic occlusion upstream from the gauge;
FIGS. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of the peristaltic mechanism shown in FIG. 4 with the peristaltic occlusion downstream from the gauge and respectively showing the results of a partially restricted tube and an unrestricted tube;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in combination with a valved pump;
FIGS. 7A, B and C are graphic plots of pressure-time variations for upstream fluid presssure under various operating conditions; and
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the logic flow chart indicating the organized stops accomplished by the microprocessor of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows an IV adminstration system in which an IV pump, generally designated 10, is used. It is to be understood at the outset that, while the present invention is primarily intended for use with a peristaltic pump, it may also be used in combination with other types of pumps. As seen in FIG. 1, the pump 10 is a linear peristaltic pump and is mounted on a pole 12 on which a fluid source 14 is also hung. In accordance with standard set-up procedures, fluid source 14 is connected in fluid communication with an upstream IV tube or line 16 which is operatively associated with the pumping mechanism 18 of pump 10. A fluid line 20, downstream from pumping mechanism 18, provides for an extension of line 16 and is connected to the patient 22 in any manner well known in the pertinent art that will allow for the infusion of fluids or medical solutions to the patient 22.
Referring now to FIG. 2, it will be seen that pumping mechanism 18 is a finger-type linear peristaltic pump. Specifically, as primarily intended for the present invention, mechanism 18 has a structure and a cooperation of structure similar to the device disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,617,014 to Cannon et al. and 4,690,673 to Bloomquist, both of which are presently assigned to the same assignee as the present invention. Briefly, FIG. 2 shows that rotation of camshaft 24 and the consequent rotation of cams 26 mounted on shaft 24 cause fingers 28 to sequentially urge against line 16 to create a moving zone of occlusion along the line 16. More specifically, fingers 28 squeeze line 16 between fingers 28 and platen 30 to create the moving zone of occlusion.
Also shown in FIG. 2, as part of mechanism 18, is a gauge 32 which is flanked by stationary fingers 34a and 34b. Although gauge 32 and stationary fingers 34a and 34b can be fully appreciated by reference to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,617,014 to Cannon et al. or 4,690,673 to Bloomquist, the functioning of gauge 32 can also be appreciated by reference to FIG. 3. In FIG. 3 it is seen that gauge 32 comprises a flexible beam 36 on which a strain gauge (not shown) can be placed in any manner well known in the pertinent art. As will be understood by the skilled artisan, flexures of beam 36 can be converted into charges of electrical current by the strain gauge to indicate the amount of bending undergone by beam 36. FIG. 3 also shows that one end of beam 36 is connected to a pressure plate 38 while the other end of beam 36 is fixedly mounted on a base 40. Importantly, pressure plate 38 rests against line 16 with line 16 disposed between pressure plate 38 and platen 30. Consequently, since base 40 is fixed in position relative to platen 30, variations in fluid pressure in line 16 which cause the line 16 to expand or collapse between plate 38 and platen 30 will result in movement of plate 38 in the directions indicated by arrow 64. As will be known by the skilled artisan, this movement of plate 38 results in flexures of beam 36. As implied above, these flexures correlate to variations in fluid pressure within line 16. Also, these flexures cause the strain gauge (not shown) on beam 36 to generate electrical signals which are transmitted via electrical connectors 44 to a microprocessor 140 for purposes to be subsequently disclosed.
FIG. 4 shows gauge 32 in cooperation with the fingers 28 of mechanism 18 in a condition where an occlusion 42 is created on line 16 upstream from the gauge 32 by the interaction of finger 28 squeezing line 16 against platen 30. In this instance, and for the conditions depicted in FIGS. 5A and 5B, arrow 66 indicates the direction of operational fluid flow through line 16.
In FIGS. 5A and 5B, two different conditions are shown which can occur when the occlusion 42 is downstream from gauge 32. More specifically, FIG. 5A shows the condition wherein line 16 is reacting to a partial restriction in line 16 upstream from gauge 32. The condition in FIG. 5A will typically result immediately upon stopping operation of pump 10 when the occlusion 42 is downstream from gauge 32. This is so because line 16 has partially collapsed as a result of the attempt by pump 10 to pull fluid through a partially restricted line 16. This condition, however, is transitory. The fluid pressure in line 16 caused by the height of fluid source 14 above mechanism 18 (i.e. "bottle height") will cause line 16 to reactively expand and stabilize in a position as shown in FIG. 5B.
When there is no partial restriction in line 16, the configuration of line 16 at the time pump 10 is stopped with occlusion 42 downstream from gauge 32, will be very close to the stabilized position shown in FIG. 5B. Indeed, because line 16 is not collapsed, under this condition, the dimensional variation in line 16 required to obtain a stabilized configuration is minimal. This is of no concern. On the other hand, a variation such as shown by the transition in configuration of line 16 from that as shown in FIG. 5A to that shown in 5B is of concern. As will be subsequently discussed in greater detail, both the magnitude of this variation and the time required for eventual stabilization are important.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, a gauge 32 and its associated circuitry may be used with a valved pump such as is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,985,133 to Jenkins. A pump of this type is schematically shown in FIG. 6 and is generally designated 46. Typically, a pump of this type associates with a cassette 48 which incorporates a rotatable valve 50. As shown, valve 50 has a passageway 52 intersecting a passageway 54 through which fluid can pass. According to the orientation of valve 50, fluid can be drawn into pumping chamber 56 from line 16 through valve 50 or expelled from chamber 56 and into line 20 through valve 50. Orientation of valve 50 for these purposes is established through a connection (not shown) between valve 50 and pump 46 which moves valve 50 in the direction indicated by arrow 62. The resultant movement of valve 50 is done in concert with the movement of piston 58 into and out of chamber 56. Like valve 50, piston 58 is moved by the action of pump 46. This particular action, however, is accomplished through connector 60. As will be appreciated by the skilled artisan, whenever pump 46 is pumping fluid from chamber 56 into line 20, valve 50 has occluded line 16. This resultant occlusion is effective for purposes of the present invention and, accordingly, serves the same purpose served by occlusion 42 generated by linear peristaltic pump 10. Unlike the situation with peristaltic pumping mechanism 18, however, when a valved pump 46 is used there is no need to stop pump 46 during the monitoring interval to be discussed. In all other respects, the operation of the present invention is similar regardless whether a peristaltic or a valved pump is used.
Operation of the present invention is best understood conceptually by reference to FIGS. 7A, B and C, each of which is a graphic plot of pressure (P) versus time (T). Specifically, each figure represents an observable pressure variation in fluid line 16 as sensed by pressure sensor 32 under differing conditions. FIG. 7A shows an expected pressure variation 90 immediately after operation of pump 10 has been stopped under normal operating conditions. FIGS. 7B and 7C respectively show different pressure variations 92 and 96 which can result when there is a partial restriction in fluid line 16 upstream from the occlusion 42. In the case depicted in FIG. 7B, an upstream partial restriction collapses line 16 to a point where its expansion during rebound to stabilization traverses a greater range than would be normally expected. Again, compare FIG. 5A with 5B. In the case depicted in FIG. 7C, an upstream restriction retards expansion of line 16 to an extent where line 16 cannot effectively recover to stabilization within an acceptable time period. In either case, something must be corrected before there can be normal operation. Fortunately, each of these two cases exhibit identifiable deviations from the norm which can be detected.
First, however, the norm must be defined. How this is done will be best appreciated with reference to FIG. 7A which shows an expected pressure variation 90 at the location of sensor 32 when pump 10 is stopped and peristaltic occlusion 42 is downstream from sensor 32. Recall pressure variation 90 occurs when there is no upstream partial restriction. FIG. 7A also shows the established parameters for proper functioning of the present invention. Combining the typical pressure variations and operational parameters on a single figure is instructive since the present invention recognizes that a partial upstream restriction can be detected by observing deviations from the expected norm relative to the established acceptable operational parameters. As shown in FIG. 7A, if the peristaltic occlusion 42 is downstream from sensor 32 and the operation of pump 10 is then stopped at time 101, sensor 32 will indicate an initial pressure 120 in line 16. While pump 10 remains stopped during the interval from time 101 to time 103, "bottle height" fluid pressure in line 16 will cause line 16 to expand. This expansion results in pressure variation 90 which shows that the outer diameter of line 16 eventually stabilizes under the bottle height pressure to indicate a stabilized pressure 122. Thus, with no restrictions in line 16 upstream from occlusion 42 a pressure variation 90 between pressure 120 and pressure 122 is expected in the time interval immediately after pump 10 is stopped.
The present invention uses this expectation to advantage by establishing pressure and time parameters within which pump 10 can continue operation. Just how this is accomplished will be best understood by considering the time sequence of events while cross-referencing FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B and FIG. 7C with FIG. 8. Start by considering that pump 10 is functionally operating under normal conditions to pump fluid through line 16. At time 101, when occlusion 42 is downstream from sensor 32, pump 10 is stopped. Simultaneous with the stopping of pump 10, line 16 senses pressure 120 and sensor 32 transfers this information to a microprocessor 140 where a pressure differential 124 is added to pressure 120 to establish threshold pressure 126. It will be understood that the microprocessor 140 used for this purpose can be of any commercially available model well known in the pertinent art. After time 101, line 16 recovers from the pumping operation and expands until it stabilizes at time 102 under the normal bottle height pressure 122. Once the fluid pressure in line 16 stabilizes at pressure 122, the microprocessor 140 uses a predetermined pressure differential 128 to establish a retest pressure 130. At time 103 pump 10 resumes its pumping operation.
As described, operation parameters are established with reference to expected pressure variation 90 during the predetermined interval 110, between time 101 and time 103, when pump 10 is stopped. Threshold pressure 126 is established at time 101 relative to initial pressure 120 and retest pressure 130 is established relative to the stabilized pressure 122. Subsequently, any pressure detected above threshold pressure 126 prior to time 103 will be used as a signal by the microprocessor 140 to alarm and cease operation of pump 10. Also, any pressure detected below retest pressure 130 will be used as a signal by the microprocessor 140 to momentarily stop pump 10 for an interval 110 and test for deviations from the expected pressure variation 90.
FIG. 7B depicts two scenarios wherein the fluid pressure in line 16 has fallen to the retest pressure 130 at a time 104. In accordance with the logic of the present invention, whenever pressure has fallen to retest pressure 130, pump 10 will be stopped for the predetermined time interval 110. In this instance, pump 10 is stopped at time 104 and predetermined pressure differential 124 is added to retest pressure 130 to establish a new threshold pressure 132. In the particular scenario for pressure variation 94, new threshold pressure 132 is not exceeded. Instead, pressure variation 94 stabilizes at time 105 at a pressure 134 within interval 110, i.e. before time 106. Pressure variation 94, closely resembles pressure variation 90. It, however, has different values. Also, within interval 110, pressure differential 128 is used by microprocessor 140 to establish a new retest pressure 136. Once all this is done, pump 10 will resume normal operation. The logic consideration in the case of pressure variation 94 is that tube 16 has merely relaxed. Accordingly, its memory has been diminished. In all other respects it behaves normally. On the other hand, if there is a partial restriction in line 16, the above scenario for pressure variation 94 will not occur. Instead, during interval 110, between time 104 and time 106, a pressure variation 92 will be monitored. With pressure variation 92, threshold pressure 132 is exceeded at time 105 within time interval 110. This indicates a partial upstream restriction in line 16 for which pump 10 can be properly programmed to alarm or cease operation.
FIG. 7C depicts yet another scenario in which the variation of fluid pressure in line 16 indicates a partial upstream restriction. In this case, fluid pressure in tube 16 has fallen to retest pressure 130 at time 107. As intended for the retest procedure, pump 10 is stopped and the predetermined time interval 110 is established from time 107 to time 108. In this scenario, however, pressure variation 96 does not exceed threshold pressure 132 established by the pressure differential 124 and does not stabilize prior to the end of interval 110. Instead, at time 108 pressure variation 96 indicates that line 16 is still expanding toward stabilization under the bottle height pressure and that threshold pressure 132 has not been attained. When this happens, the microprocessor 140 is programmed to provide for an extension of interval 110 by a period of time 112. During this extended period 112 the microprocessor 140 continues to monitor for a pressure stabilization. If, prior to time 109, pressure variation 94 has either failed to stabilize, or has attained threshold pressure 132, the microprocessor 140 will cause pump 10 to alarm or cease operation.
While the particular device for detecting partial restrictions in a fluid line as herein shown and disclosed in detail is fully capable of obtaining the objects and providing the advantages herein before stated, it is to be understood that it is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and that no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown other than as defined in the appended claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 15, 1965
|Jan 28, 1969
|Don E Heskett
|Fluid conducting device and pressure sensitive control means
|May 28, 1974
|Oct 12, 1976
|Imed Corporation
|IV pump
|Mar 26, 1979
|Jan 13, 1981
|Cutter Laboratories, Inc.
|Device for use in detecting occlusion in an infusion system
|Sep 21, 1979
|Jul 7, 1981
|Avi, Inc.
|IV Pump with empty supply reservoir and occlusion detector
|Jul 2, 1979
|Jul 7, 1981
|Imed Corporation
|Apparatus for converting a pump to a controller
|Aug 21, 1980
|Jan 25, 1983
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Blocking condition detection device in a medical fluid injection system
|Feb 6, 1981
|Feb 15, 1983
|Terumo Corporation
|Method and apparatus for detecting occlusion in fluid-infusion tube of peristaltic type fluid-infusion pump
|Jun 16, 1981
|Jul 5, 1983
|Imed Corporation
|Apparatus for providing a controlled flow of intravenous fluid to a patient
|Aug 25, 1980
|Jul 26, 1983
|Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc.
|Metering apparatus with downline pressure monitoring system
|Sep 19, 1980
|Apr 24, 1984
|Oximetrix, Inc.
|Occlusion detection apparatus and method
|May 23, 1983
|Jul 2, 1985
|Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc.
|Differential occlusion sensing method and apparatus
|Jun 13, 1983
|Jul 23, 1985
|Institute Of Critical Care Medicine
|Monitor for intravenous injection system for detecting occlusion and/or infiltration
|Apr 28, 1983
|Jan 7, 1986
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Blocking condition detection device in a fluid injection system
|Nov 26, 1985
|Oct 14, 1986
|Warner-Lambert Company
|Dual mode I. V. infusion device
|Mar 26, 1986
|Sep 1, 1987
|Imed Corporation
|Dual mode I.V. infusion device with distal sensor
|Aug 2, 1985
|Oct 27, 1987
|Hospal A.G.
|Peristaltic pump provided with a pressure measurement device
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 23, 1989
|Mar 20, 1990
|Fisher Scientific Company
|Linear peristaltic pump
|Mar 15, 1990
|Aug 13, 1991
|Abbott Laboratories
|Sensor for detecting fluid flow from a positive displacement pump
|Nov 8, 1989
|Mar 17, 1992
|Ivac Corporation
|Method and system for upstream occlusion detection
|Nov 6, 1990
|Apr 7, 1992
|Ivac Corporation
|Apparatus for detecting fluid line occlusion
|Aug 12, 1991
|May 26, 1992
|Abbott Laboratories
|Detecting occlusion of proximal or distal lines of an IV pump
|Aug 5, 1991
|Jun 8, 1993
|Imed Corporation
|Two-cycle peristaltic pump with occlusion detector
|Sep 23, 1992
|Sep 7, 1993
|Becton, Dickinson And Company
|Method and apparatus for determining pressure and detecting occlusions in a syringe pump
|Oct 8, 1991
|Oct 5, 1993
|Sherwood Medical Company
|Peristaltic infusion device with backpack sensor
|Nov 4, 1992
|Mar 1, 1994
|Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha
|Peristaltic pump
|Jan 29, 1993
|Mar 8, 1994
|Abbott Laboratories
|Method of detecting occlusions in a solution pumping system
|Dec 31, 1992
|Aug 9, 1994
|Yehuda Tamari
|Inline non-invasive pressure monitoring system for pumps
|Jan 24, 1994
|Oct 18, 1994
|Ivac Corporation
|Fluid line condition detection
|Jun 14, 1993
|May 30, 1995
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Infusion pump with reversible motor and method of use
|May 24, 1993
|Jun 13, 1995
|Imed Corporation
|Method and apparatus for infiltration detection during administration of intravenous fluids
|Jun 2, 1995
|Aug 12, 1997
|Cobe Laboratories, Inc.
|Peristaltic pump occlusion detector and adjuster
|Dec 6, 1994
|Aug 26, 1997
|Mcgaw, Inc.
|Linear peristaltic pump with reshaping fingers interdigitated with pumping elements
|Sep 21, 1995
|Oct 28, 1997
|Abbott Laboratories
|Fluid delivery set
|Jul 27, 1994
|Dec 9, 1997
|Sims Deltec, Inc.
|Occlusion detection system for an infusion pump
|Jan 16, 1997
|Aug 11, 1998
|Moubayed; Ahmad-Maher
|Curvilinear peristaltic pump with occlusion detection means
|Aug 31, 1995
|Oct 27, 1998
|Alaris Medical Systems, Inc.
|Upstream occulsion detection system
|Jun 24, 1996
|Dec 1, 1998
|Baxter International, Inc.
|Volumetric infusion pump with transverse tube loader
|Aug 26, 1997
|Mar 30, 1999
|Mcgraw, Inc.
|Linear peristaltic pump with reshaping fingers intedigitated with pumping elements
|Jan 10, 1997
|Aug 10, 1999
|Sims Deltec, Inc.
|Drug pump systems and methods
|Nov 26, 1997
|Aug 10, 1999
|Sims Deltec, Inc.
|Occlusion detection system for an infusion pump
|Dec 3, 1998
|Jun 20, 2000
|Sims Deltec, Inc.
|Pump system including cassette sensor and occlusion sensor
|Feb 26, 1998
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|Modular infusion device and method
|Dec 21, 2001
|Jul 27, 2004
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|Medical apparatus remote control and method
|Mar 1, 2002
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|Mar 18, 2014
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|Sep 12, 2011
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|Infusion pump with battery operation capability
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|Infusion pump with multiple orientation display
|Sep 16, 2008
|Nov 25, 2014
|Fresenius Vial Sas
|Linear peristaltic pump with fingers and membrane and finger for such a pump
|Jan 16, 2013
|Dec 30, 2014
|Q-Core Medical Ltd.
|Peristaltic pump with linear flow control
|Mar 13, 2012
|Feb 10, 2015
|Smiths Medical Asd, Inc.
|Interface for medical infusion pump
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|Feb 10, 2015
|Smiths Medical Asd, Inc.
|Server for medical device
|Aug 3, 2006
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|Smiths Medical Asd, Inc.
|Interface for medical infusion pump
|Oct 27, 2010
|Apr 14, 2015
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|Cannula insertion device and related methods
|Mar 18, 2014
|May 5, 2015
|Cequr Sa
|Medicine delivery device having detachable pressure sensing unit
|Mar 17, 2014
|May 26, 2015
|Cequr Sa
|Medicine delivery device having detachable pressure sensing unit
|Jan 22, 2014
|May 26, 2015
|Carefusion 303, Inc.
|Medication safety enhancement for secondary infusion
|Sep 1, 2013
|Jun 16, 2015
|Q-Core Medical Ltd
|Magnetically balanced finger-type peristaltic pump
|Sep 30, 2002
|Apr 1, 2004
|William Gorman
|Dispenser components and methods for patient infusion device
|Sep 30, 2002
|Apr 1, 2004
|Flaherty J. Christopher
|Components and methods for patient infusion device
|Sep 15, 2003
|Apr 22, 2004
|Flaherty J. Christopher
|Plunger assembly for patient infusion device
|Dec 17, 2002
|Jun 17, 2004
|William Gorman
|Skin attachment apparatus and method for patient infusion device
|Oct 8, 2003
|Jul 1, 2004
|Flaherty J. Christopher
|Flow condition sensor assembly for patient infusion device
|Jul 25, 2003
|Aug 5, 2004
|Advanced Neuromodulation Systems, Inc.
|Non-constant pressure infusion pump
|Nov 7, 2003
|Aug 5, 2004
|Garribotto John T.
|Dispenser for patient infusion device
|Nov 4, 2003
|Jan 27, 2005
|Flaherty J. Christopher
|Laminated patient infusion device
|Sep 23, 2003
|Mar 24, 2005
|Robert Murtfeldt
|Method for advising patients concerning doses of insulin
|Sep 29, 2003
|Mar 31, 2005
|Van Erp Wilhelmus Petrus Martinus Maria
|Rapid-exchange balloon catheter with hypotube shaft
|Dec 31, 2003
|Jul 7, 2005
|Vanderveen Timothy W.
|System for detecting the status of a vent associated with a fluid supply upstream of an infusion pump
|Dec 31, 2003
|Jul 7, 2005
|Vanderveen Timothy W.
|Empty container detection using container side pressure sensing
|Dec 31, 2003
|Jul 7, 2005
|Vanderveen Timothy W.
|Medication safety enhancement for secondary infusion
|Dec 7, 2004
|Aug 4, 2005
|Insulet Corporation
|Devices, systems and methods for patient infusion
|Apr 27, 2005
|Aug 18, 2005
|Insulet Corporation
|Method For Visual Output Verification
|Mar 28, 2005
|Oct 27, 2005
|Insulet Corporation
|Fluid delivery device
|Oct 11, 2005
|Feb 23, 2006
|Insulet Corporation
|Flow restriction system and method for patient infusion device
|Sep 6, 2005
|Mar 9, 2006
|Herbert Harttig
|Push-pull operated pump for a microfluidic system
|Mar 28, 2005
|Aug 10, 2006
|Insulet Corporation
|Chassis for fluid delivery device
|Dec 28, 2005
|Aug 17, 2006
|Gillespie John Jr
|Infusion pump
|May 10, 2009
|Sep 24, 2009
|Q-Core Medical Ltd
|Magnetically balanced finger-type peristaltic pump
|Sep 16, 2008
|Nov 25, 2010
|Fresenius Vial Sas
|Linear peristaltic pump with fingers and membrane and finger for such a pump
|Sep 1, 2013
|Jan 2, 2014
|Q-Core Medical Ltd.
|Magnetically balanced finger-type peristaltic pump
|Feb 17, 2014
|Aug 21, 2014
|Micrel Medical Devices S.A.
|Method for Processing Infusion Data and an Infusion Pump System
|Feb 6, 2003
|Jan 7, 2009
|Flow condition sensor for infusion device
|Mar 3, 1992
|Feb 10, 1993
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|Aug 5, 1992
|Mar 4, 1993
|Abbott Lab
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|Feb 6, 2003
|Sep 12, 2003
|Insulet Corp
|Flow condition sensor for infusion device
|U.S. Classification
|417/12, 417/479, 604/153, 604/152, 604/67, 417/474, 417/38, 417/63
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Feb 13, 1987
Owner name: HENLEY INVESTMENTS, INC.
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:IMED CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004669/0518
Effective date: 19861222
|Nov 2, 1987
Owner name: IMED CORPORATION, 9925 CARROLL CANYON ROAD, SAN DI
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BURKETT, DAVID;REEL/FRAME:004777/0690
Effective date: 19871026
Owner name: IMED CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BURKETT, DAVID;REEL/FRAME:004777/0690
Effective date: 19871026
|Apr 25, 1988
Owner name: FISHER SCIENTIFIC COMPANY,PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HENLEY INVESTMENTS, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004870/0757
Effective date: 19880408
|Apr 17, 1990
Owner name: GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF N
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:IMED CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005278/0541
Effective date: 19900402
Owner name: IMED CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:FISHER SCIENTIFIC COMPANY, A CORP., OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005278/0559
Effective date: 19900402
|Dec 4, 1992
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Dec 6, 1996
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Feb 11, 1997
Owner name: IMED CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC CAPITAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:008454/0006
Effective date: 19961126
|Feb 25, 1997
Owner name: BANKERS TRUST COMPANY, NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:IVAC HOLDINGS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:008568/0540
Effective date: 19961126
|Jul 25, 1997
Owner name: IVAC HOLDINGS, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:IMED CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:008613/0837
Effective date: 19961126
|Nov 27, 2000
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12
|Apr 9, 2001
|Apr 11, 2001
|Oct 25, 2002
Owner name: IISBC BANK USA, NEW YORK
Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ALARIS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:013403/0338
Effective date: 20011016
|Jul 2, 2003
|Aug 27, 2004
|Dec 20, 2005
Owner name: CARDINAL HEALTH 303, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ALARIS MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.;REEL/FRAME:016937/0603
Effective date: 20041013


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At Edmunds.com car buyers have access to a comprehensive car dealership network, making it easier than ever to locate the new or used vehicle you are looking for. Search local auto dealerships in Kitsap County and compare prices on the car, truck, SUV, or minivan model of your choice. With instant online price quotes from a wide selection of Kitsap County car dealerships, it's simple to find the best possible deal on your next car purchase. Edmunds' auto dealership listings give buyers the convenience of searching for their new or used vehicle by region or make.
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The Lowepro S&F Bottle Pouch (Black) is a neoprene modular pouch with a drawstring and toggle closure. It is designed to carry a standard sport bottle or metal canteen. The case will fit any Lowepro bag that uses a SlipLock attachment tab or S&F belt. It also carries a variety of personal items and accessories that use a D-ring that attaches to loop, strap or hook.
|Type of Closure
|Drawstring and toggle
|Exterior Dimensions
|3.5 x 3.1 x 7.1" (9.0 x 8.0 x 18cm) (WxDxH)
|Interior Dimensions
|3.1 x 3.1 x 7.1" (8.0 x 8.0 x 18cm) (WxDxH)
|Carrying/Transport Options
Attaches to SlipLock tab
Attaches to D-ring
|3.2 oz (91g)
|Packaging Info
|Package Weight
|0.26 lb
|Box Dimensions (LxWxH)
|6.1 x 3.2 x 2.8"


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Econo Lodge
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How has this motel rated in the past?
- Continental Breakfast
- Free High-Speed Internet
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- Wheelchair accessibility
- Free parking
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Weekend Getaway
... spa - called us to attention. The drive was flat and easy. The road from Springfield, MO to Joplin, MO and on to Tulsa has always been flat and usually, empty. The roads were packed. We were surprised. They are making it into six lanes, thank goodness. I stayed on the right side of the road and cruised along at the speed limit while RVs and other vehicles flew past me to the left the entire time. We were in no hurry and that highway ...
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... Don cleaned fish while I started packing up to go home... It usually takes us about an hour to do.
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Jane, Joann and Joana decided to hire a car and drive to Oklahoma and Missouri, since we were so close and they had never seen those states. I opted out since I'd been there. I walked (in the rain) from our hotel along the Crystal Bridges Trail to the fabulous museum. Lots of sculptures were along the walkway. I met up with Jane and Joana at ...
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We arrived in Northwest Arkansas and traveled by bus to Fayetteville. We had a lovely lunch at the Farmer's Table Cafe and then drove through the University of Arkansas campus. We saw all sorts of state-of-the-arts athletic facilities and arenas, ...
Day 26 - Natural Falls State Park, OK
... about 12.30am just in time to see the skies lighting up and hear the wind start howling. I woke Gordon up, we closed up all the windows and pull the pop top down. We stayed awake for about an hour watching the radar and listening to the storm pass over. The next day there was definate signs of the storm but it had been a lot gentler than was predicated.


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PIC: Carrie Underwood Gives 12-Year-Old Boy His First Kiss Onstage
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A first kiss doesn't get any better than this!
Carrie Underwood made a young fan's dream come true Saturday when she gave his first kiss.
PHOTOS: Carrie Underwood's style evolution
The 29-year-old country singer spotted 12-year-old Chase's "Will you be my first kiss?" sign in the audience of her Louisville, Ky. show and called him up on stage.
"He's got the jump on me. I was 14 when I had my very first kiss. Just so you know my husband [Mike Fisher] is somewhere in this building backstage, so he may be looking for you later," Underwood warned him. "How are we going to do this?"
"Lip to lip," Chase boldly said.
VIDEO: Carrie reveals her celebrity style icon
"This is the smartest kid ever!" Underwood, who has been married to hockey player Fisher for two years, exclaimed. "Alright, here we go. Close your eyes," she demanded.
And with that, the singer held Chase's hand and leaned in for a kiss ... lip to lip. You can see their smooch by watching the video here.
PHOTOS: Carrie and Mike's romance
After the show, Underwood tweeted a photo of the big smooch and wrote, "Thanks, Chase, for the kiss and thanks Louisville for rocking so hard tonight! We had fun! Lip to lip."
This article originally appeared on Usmagazine.com: PIC: Carrie Underwood Gives 12-Year-Old Boy His First Kiss Onstage
Pics: Celebs Who Were Cheerleaders
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What to Expect
What you can expect from the Tribe TutorZone
- Individualized assistance. Your tutor will assist you with understanding course concepts, organizing and preparing for exams, comprehending material needed for assignments and will guide you in the development of problem-solving skills.
- A respectful, competent tutor. Your tutor will have been trained in tutoring skills and will have successfully completed the subject being tutored.
Your Responsibilities
- Plan ahead. A meeting with a tutor at the last minute before a test may not provide enough help. Students who meet with their tutors periodically throughout the semester will have established a better foundation of learning in that subject.
- Be prepared. Your tutor may not have the book or your assignment. Arrive at your session with any relevant materials—books, notes, articles, homework, quizzes. Let the tutor know where you need help.
- Take an active role. You should have read the materials assigned to you before your tutoring session. A tutor is not a substitute for consultation with your professor or attendance at class lectures.
What you cannot expect from the Tribe TutorZone
- An editing service. Tribe TutorZone is not a service where you sit back and relax while your tutor corrects your homework.
- An omniscient and infallible tutor.
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3 to 6 days
Free delivery when you spend over £75 (GBP).
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Edp - Transparent
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Eternity Summer Man EDP by Calvin Klein Perfume is a fragrance that captures a sunny day at the beach and everything you love about summer. The scent opens with lovely notes of juniper, and then reveals a fresh heart of thyme. The scent lands in a masculine base of sandalwood.
Calvin Klein is a brand known worldwide for both men and women's underwear. Minimalist is a key word for Calvin Klein and since the brand was launched in 1968, they have invested in making their clothes as simple, sleek and stylish as possible. When Calvin Klein created his first underwear collection for men, it was immediately coveted and today they have a wide range of u...nderwear and boxer shorts. Shortly after, the success was followed with a complete collection of swim and underwear for women. Today, panties, bras and swimwear are real bestsellers. Read more
Free delivery when you spend over £75. Standard shipping £3.95. Delivery time: 3-6 days. We deliver with UPS.
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Mark Bruce Photography Photographer
Dan Helgi i GongModel Male London, England, United Kingdom
My Website: My musicMy MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/danhelgi
Mayhem # 2264378
About MeI am an artist from the Faroe Islands living in London.
My initial goals for joining Modelmayhem are to get more professional modeling jobs and/or work with professional photographers, designers etc.. Other work is very possible as well, just get in touch.
Other then modeling I am also a singer/music producer and recently finished my MA in Sound Art at University of the Arts London.
Mark Bruce Photography Photographer
MonikaRoza... Photographer
ANDRES RAMIREZ Photographer
R-P Photographer
Fine Line Fine Art Artist/Painter
Gann Penn Artist/Painter
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I want to ask a question about the iPhone application.
In my program, I create the UITabBarController with 4 tabs. The 4 tabs display different information and have some connection. When I do something in the tab 4, it will update some data which display in tab 1. However, the page is the same if I add the element in the viewDidLoad function.
My problem is, how to load the data every time when the user press the tab? do I need to move the code to somewhere?


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Sawmill Forest tract Real Estate for Sale
$174,7503 beds, 2 full bathsHome size: 1,620 sq ftLot size: 6,912 sqftYear built: 1996Parking spots: 1Days on market: 31Listing provided by ERA Evergreen Real Estate Company (Bluffton)
This website may not reflect all real estate activity in the market.
We do not attempt to independently verify the currency, completeness, accuracy or authenticity of the data contained herein. It may be subject to transcription and transmission errors. Accordingly, the data is provided on an "as is," "as available" basis only and may not reflect all real estate activity in the market. © 2015 Multiple Listing Service of Hilton Head Island, Inc. All rights reserved. Certain information contained herein is derived from information which is the licensed property of, and copyrighted by, Multiple Listing Service of Hilton Head Island, Inc.
This Real Estate IDX is (c) Diverse Solutions 2015.