text:
OSI-Approved Open Source (65)
- GNU General Public License version 2.0 (41)
- GNU Library or Lesser General Public License version 2.0 (12)
- BSD License (10)
- MIT License (8)
- Mozilla Public License 1.0 (4)
- Apache License V2.0 (3)
- Artistic License (3)
- GNU General Public License version 3.0 (3)
- Apple Public Source License (2)
- Eclipse Public License (2)
- GNU Library or Lesser General Public License version 3.0 (2)
- PHP License (2)
- Academic Free License (1)
- Adaptive Public License (1)
- Apache Software License (1)
- Other License (6)
- Creative Commons Attribution License (2)
- Mac (272)
- Modern (272)
- Linux (168)
- Windows (159)
- Grouping and Descriptive Categories (111)
- Other Operating Systems (32)
Top Apps
- Audio & Video
- Business & Enterprise
- Communications
- Development
- Home & Education
- Games
- Graphics
- Science & Engineering
- Security & Utilities
- System Administration
A simple, clean web browser.0 weekly downloads
C2Ada is a translator from the C programming language to the Ada programming language.0 weekly downloads
CURLHandle Cocoa class wrapping libcurl
Wrapping of libcurl into a Cocoa class, to give Cocoa programs a richer set of APIs for net access than NSURLHandle provides.0 weekly downloads
Catálogo de CDs0 weekly downloads
CoCAS: A ChIP-on-Chip Analysis Suite Written by : Touati Benoukraf, Pierre Cauchy, Romain Fenouil.0 weekly downloads
Command Tab
The goal to achieve with this project is to create a reliable replacement for the default Mac OS X Command-Tab handler, adding some simple yet powerful features to improve the end-user interaction with the system.0 weekly downloads
Crap Os 2008 (Code Name Black Dawg)
Crap Os Codename "BlackDawg" is the successor of Crap Os X2. Crap Os BlackDawg will feature Actionscript 2.0. PLEASE NOTE: Crap Os 2008 is not the final name. Final name suggestions are welcome!0 weekly downloads
Crap Os X2
Crap Os X2 is a fake OS simulator based on Flash's ActionScript 1.0 programming. Macintosh and Windows projector's are available. Linux Projectors are coming soon. The project's first stable version is slated for completion in Febuary 2007.0 weekly downloads
D language support for Qt Creator0 weekly downloads
DevBox MAC
Kleines Tool für Programmier-Anfänger0 weekly downloads
Devanagari Shilpakar
This project will deal with unicode transliteration for Devanagari Script or Hindi Fonts. User will be able to write in Hindi with the help of this project using simple talking way and technology name is Write As You Talk(TM).0 weekly downloads
Embedded Device Control Broker Abstract The idea is to unify the administration of Linux using CORBA, mostly for embedded Linux systems. Each CORBA object will represent a type of configuration; like adding IPs to Ethernet interfaces. Pay no attent0 weekly downloads
English to Esperanto translator
Espigo is a web-based service that takes English input, semantically processes it and translates the phrase into Esperanto, the international language. Other features may include generation of parse trees and grammar-checking for Esperanto text.0 weekly downloads
Epsilon Render Framework
This is a personal project that I started after leaving my previous job, where I oversaw the development of an in-house 3D engine for online gaming. Epsilon refers to "almost nothing reused," and is designed around rapid throw-away prototyping.0 weekly downloads
Extendamac is a community of Macintosh developers organized to document and distribute best known practices for extending the Mac OS and improving the Mac OS experience.0 weekly downloads
The application was designed to bridge that gap between your touchscreen and your hacked/authenic version of Front Row. It mimics the Apple Remote's functions in Front Row by placing a transparent control system on top of the Front Row GUI. When the con0 weekly downloads
FTPFS Mac
FTPFS Mac, Allows you to mount ftp with read and write capability for use with mac os x finder. You need to have macfuse installed to use this program0 weekly downloads
FormaFixer is a tool for using in chemical production.0 weekly downloads
Ganalytics - a Google Analytics Client
This is a simple web browser that till only go to Google's Analytics site.0 weekly downloads
Advanced technology that powers large scale, independent 3D games0 weekly downloads
Gest Management
Smart ERP+CRM solution for Small-Medium Enterprises.Management supplier and customers. Management operation on customers, bill of lading and invoices. Calendar for operation. Management term for payments. PHP and Mysql project. Web interface. Cross-platf0 weekly downloads
GoNintendo Dashboard Widget
This is a basic dashbboard Widget that displays the GoNintendo RSS Feed.0 weekly downloads
HLA Example Code
A repository of open-source code written in the HLA (High-Level Assembler) Language including demos, applications, utilities, and code snippets.0 weekly downloads
An ambitious project for ambitious people0 weekly downloads
HuGoTaS! - TG-16 Emulator
This project is to first of all port the Turbo Graphics 16 emulator HuGo! GUI to wxWidgets for cross-platform compatibility add tool assisted speed runtools of which there is a proper list located at http://tasvideos.org/DesiredEmulatorFeatures.html0 weekly downloads


text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|14 nov. 2000
|Date de dépôt
|9 mars 1998
|Date de priorité
|9 mars 1998
|État de paiement des frais
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Clyde Robbins, Robert Friedman, Muhammad Fazili
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|General Instrument Corporation
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (20), Référencé par (92), Classifications (21), Événements juridiques (5)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
The present invention relates to television systems, and more particularly to a digital signal processing (DSP) implementation for the video, audio, and data demodulators/receiver of a cable television (CATV) converter, satellite television receiver, multichannel multipoint distribution service (MMDS), or the like.
Cable television services are communicated from a headend via a cable distribution system to subscriber residences. At the subscriber residence, the drop cable which carries the signals from, e.g., a telephone pole, connects the-cable television signals either directly to the subscriber's television set or couples the signals through a converter and/or other subscriber electronics. A converter is necessary if the cable system supplies more than television channels 2 to 13. Only "cable-ready" television sets can tune the higher frequency cable channels above VHF broadcast channel 13. If additional channels, such as pay channels are supplied by the cable operator, they must be translated in frequency down to the frequencies employed by one or more channels to which conventional television sets can be tuned. For example, a cable television converter will typically output the selected cable television channel on the frequency used by broadcast channel 3 or 4, to which the subscriber television will be tuned as long as it is receiving signals from the converter.
Addressable converters are converters that can make channels available or unavailable in accordance with instructions sent in data packets from the cable headend. The converter includes a tuner controlled by the subscriber in order to pick out a specific channel. If a selected service is a premium service, it is scrambled and can be unscrambled only under control of data sent from the headend. Each subscriber has a unique electronic address, so that the cable headend is able to provide viewing authorizations to each addressable converter.
A typical cable television converter will include a frequency converter and filter (for allowing subscribers to tune to desired channels), a local oscillator, control circuits, a data receiver for authorizations, and a descrambler. It should be appreciated that receivers for satellite television and MMDS will contain comparable components. Where digital television signals are to be received in addition to analog signals, appropriate digital components must also be provided, generally including a downconverter for the transmitted digital signals, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital demodulator such as a QAM demodulator, a digital television decoder such as an MPEG decoder, onscreen display circuitry and a video encoder to provide the recovered television signals in an analog format for output to a conventional television.
Various television broadcast standards have been adopted in different parts of the world. These include the National Television Systems Committee (NTSC), phase alternating line (PAL) and SECAM standards. Each of the PAL and NTSC standards have different variations that are used in different parts of the world. For example, one NTSC standard is used in the United States. A somewhat different standard is used in Japan, and a variant thereof is used in Korea. Likewise, different variants of PAL have been adopted in different countries. A summary of the different NTSC and PAL television broadcast standards is set forth in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________VideoStandard Audio Standard Sub-Carrier Comment______________________________________NTSC FM-Mono USNTSC BTSC Stereo SAP USNTSC FM/FM CUE JapanNTSC DIN (Variant) Channel ID KoreaNTSC Mono-Privacy ProprietaryNTSC Stereo-Privacy ProprietaryNTSC Home-Theater (AC1) ProprietaryPAL-B/G FM-MonoPAL-B/G NICAM DQPSKPAL-B/G DIN Channel ID GermanyPAL-D FM-Mono ChinaPAL-I FM-MonoPAL-I NICAMPAL-M FM-Mono BrazilPAL-N FM-Mono Argentina-- Music Choice DQPSK/AC1______________________________________
It would be advantageous to provide a cable television converter, satellite receiver, MMDS receiver, or the like that is able to process television signals regardless of the video standard used. However, in order to be economical, such converters must be able to be produced at low cost. This has been a difficult obstacle in the past, since different video standards required different circuitry including separate demodulators, filters, and associated components which rendered the cost of the final product prohibitive. Thus, multistandard television converters have not been made available.
It would be advantageous to provide a television converter that is capable of recovering video and audio signals according to different television standards. It would be further advantageous to implement such apparatus using digital signal processing techniques for both analog and digital television signal inputs. It would be still further advantageous to provide such a converter that is economical to produce using, e.g., a low cost very large scale integration (VLSI) application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) to provide the majority of the converter functions.
The present invention provides a converter having the aforementioned and other advantages.
In accordance with the present invention, a digital signal processor is provided for recovering video and audio signals according to different analog and digital television standards. The signal processor comprises a video demodulator having a first path for coupling a modulated video signal to a mixer via a Nyquist filter, and a second path for coupling the modulated video signal to a carrier recovery circuit without passing through the Nyquist filter. The modulated video signal conforms to a particular television standard, such as any of the standards set forth in Table 1. The carrier recovery circuit (i) recovers a carrier frequency signal for use by the mixer in providing a baseband video signal and (ii) detects an audio intercarrier present in the modulated video signal. A programmable sound strip filter is provided to filter audio components from the baseband video signal in accordance with the particular television standard to provide a demodulated video output. The audio intercarrier is provided as an output from the carrier recovery circuit for subsequent recovery of audio in accordance with the particular television standard.
In an illustrated embodiment, the digital signal processor receives the modulated video signal at an intermediate frequency (IF). An analog-to-digital converter is provided for sampling the IF modulated signal at a sampling frequency Fs to digitize the signal for input to the video demodulator. In a preferred embodiment, the sampling frequency Fs is an integer multiple of the intermediate frequency. For example, the sampling frequency Fs can be 27 MHz with the intermediate frequency either 6.75 MHz or 9.0 MHz. This arrangement is advantageous since both 6.75 MHz and and 9 MHz divide evenly into the sampling frequency of 27 MHz. The demodulated video output can be a digital signal sampled at a frequency Fs of 13.5 MHz. The sampling frequency can be phase locked to a horizontal synchronization component of the baseband video signal.
The digital signal processor can further comprise a tuner for retrieving the modulated video signal from a band of signals. The particular television standard to which the modulated video signal corresponds may be identified by a channel map responsive to the tuner. Alternatively, the modulated video signal can carry tag data indicative of the particular television standard to which the modulated video signal corresponds.
The digital signal processor can further comprise means for delaying the carrier frequency signal prior to the mixer to compensate for a delay introduced by the Nyquist filter.
An audio demodulator is provided in the digital signal processor for processing the audio intercarrier. In an illustrated embodiment, the audio demodulator comprises a first synchronous demodulator for selectively demodulating a first FM modulated audio signal or a QPSK modulated audio signal carried by the audio intercarrier. A second synchronous demodulator demodulates a second FM modulated audio signal carried by the audio intercarrier. The first and second synchronous demodulators can comprise linear phase locked loops that enable demodulation of the audio intercarrier with preliminary bandpass filtering. The video demodulator, carrier recovery circuit, programmable sound strip filter and audio demodulator can all be implemented on a single integrated circuit chip.
In an embodiment where the particular television standard to which the modulated video signal corresponds is identified by a channel map responsive to a tuner, the first synchronous demodulator is responsive to the channel map for selectively demodulating either the first FM modulated audio signal or the QPSK modulated audio signal.
In an embodiment where the modulated video signal carries tag data indicative of the particular television standard to which the modulated video signal corresponds, the first synchronous demodulator is responsive to the tag data for selectively demodulating either the first FM modulated audio signal or the QPSK modulated audio signal.
The present invention also contemplates a digital signal processor for recovering video and audio signals according to different analog and digital television standards in which an audio demodulator is provided for processing an audio intercarrier. The audio demodulator includes a first synchronous demodulator for selectively demodulating a first FM modulated audio signal or a QPSK modulated audio signal carried by the audio intercarrier. A second synchronous demodulator in the audio demodulator is provided for demodulating a second FM modulated audio signal carried by the audio intercarrier. The first and second demodulators can comprise linear phase locked loops that enable the modulation of the audio intercarrier with preliminary bandpass filtering.
The first synchronous demodulator can comprise a QPSK demodulator having first and second output stages. One of the output stages is an I output stage and the other is a Q output stage, where I and Q are QPSK constellation axes that are offset by 90 degrees. A variable oscillator provides first and second phase shifted oscillator outputs having a frequency dictated by a demodulation control signal. The first oscillator output is associated with the first output stage and the second oscillator output is associated with the second output stage of the QPSK demodulator. A phase locked loop controls the variable oscillator in response to an output from a particular one of the first and second output stages. A selector is provided for selectively outputting a QPSK signal from the particular one of the first and second output stages or an FM signal from the phase locked loop.
Apparatus is provided for recovering video and audio signals according to different analog and digital television standards. The apparatus includes a tuner for selecting a TV channel signal. The TV channel signal conforms to a particular television standard. Means are provided for digitizing the television channel IF signal. Intermediate frequency digitization is effective for demodulating both analog and digital modulation formats. Means are provided for identifying the particular television standard to which the TV channel signal conforms. A video digital signal processor (DSP) responsive to the identifying means demodulates the selected digitized TV channel signal to provide a video output signal. An audio DSP responsive to the identifying means demodulates the selected digitized TV channel signal to provide a video output signal. An audio DSP responsive to the identifying means demodulates the selected digitized TV channel signal to provide an audio output signal. The identifying means, digitizing means, video DSP and audio DSP reside together on a integrated circuit chip.
A data DSP can be provided on the integrated circuit chip for demodulating auxiliary data carried in the TV channel signal to provide an auxiliary data output signal. The apparatus can further comprise a data modulator on the integrated circuit chip. The data modulator modulates return path data to be communicated from the apparatus to a remote location.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a digital signal processing implementation of a baseband television converter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a more detailed block diagram of the video demodulator section of the video DSP portion of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a more detailed block diagram of the FM and QPSK/FM demodulators used in the audio DSP portion of FIG. 1.
The present invention combines the video, audio and data demodulator/receiver functions of a television converter into an economical package. In a preferred embodiment, these functions are implemented in a single integrated circuit such as an ASIC. The inventive implementation of the television converter functions using DSP techniques eliminates the need for a plurality of fixed bandpass filters and discriminators to do multistandard processing. In this manner, a plurality of different television standards can be accommodated by a single converter. Sampling frequencies are chosen in a manner which enables the simple and cost effective use of a standard master clock frequency, such as the 27 MHz clock used by the Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standard and as specified in ITU-R BT.601. Hardware requirements are significantly reduced by using, for example, one demodulator for both FM and/or QPSK signals.
An overall block diagram of the television converter is illustrated in FIG. 1. The converter includes a video DSP 12, audio DSP 26, and timing and data recovery circuitry 24. The video DSP demodulates and unscrambles video from an intermediate frequency (IF) carrier. The carrier can comprise, for example, a low IF frequency carrier such as a carrier centered at 9 MHz plus or minus 100 KHz. The video DSP consists of an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 14, video demodulator 16, and a video descrambler 18. The low IF input via terminal 10 is sampled by the A/D converter 14. The sampling rate Fs can be, for example, 27 MHz. Such a rate is advantageous because it conforms with the master clock rate used in the MPEG standard and ITU-R BT.601.
The video demodulator 16 (illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 2) receives the sampled video from A/D converter 14 and provides various outputs. A baseband video output without sound carriers is provided to video descrambler 18. The baseband video may be advantageously provided at a 13.5 MHz sampling rate. The video descrambler 18 descrambles the baseband video in accordance with well known techniques to provide an unscrambled baseband video output on line 22 at the sampling frequency Fs of, e.g., 13.5 MHz. RF and IF automatic gain control (AGC) voltages are also output from the video DSP 12 via line 20.
In addition to the baseband video, video demodulator 16 outputs an automatic fine tune (AFT) control voltage on line 108 and an audio intercarrier on line 100. Before outputting the audio intercarrier, a mixer/phase detector 94 (FIG. 2) cancels the AM modulated video components. The audio intercarrier can be provided, for example, at a 27 MHz sampling rate.
The video descrambler 18 also outputs a synchronization detection signal on line 19 which is derived from the recovered video. This signal is input to a Gen-Lock Timing & Clock Recovery circuit 28, which is part of the timing and data recovery block 24. Circuit 28 recovers the horizontal sync, vertical sync, blanking, and inversion restore timing (used for descrambling video inverted signals) which are forwarded back to the video descrambler via line 29 for use in descrambling the video output by video demodulator 16. Circuit 28 also outputs a Gen-Lock timing signal on line 34 for use by the onscreen display circuitry of the converter. The onscreen display circuitry provides text and graphics for display on the subscriber's television in a conventional manner.
The timing and data recovery block 24 also includes a tag color burst decoder 30 which outputs tag data and a clock on line 36. Tag data is data that is encoded onto the color burst of the video signal and used- for various converter control functions, including descrambling. Inband data (IBD) carried on the luminance portion of the video signal is decoded by an IBD luminance decoder 32, and output via line 38 together with an associated clock signal. In a preferred embodiment, the clock signals provided with the tag data and IBD data will be integer related to the master clock frequency of, e.g., 27 MHz.
The audio DSP portion 26 of the converter includes an audio demodulator and baseband processing functions. The audio portion of a video signal may be composed of one or two carriers. The carrier may have one or more subcarriers. When a single FM carrier is present, it is demodulated by an FM demodulator 40. The capability of demodulating a second FM carrier is provided by a combined QPSK/FM demodulator 44. If one QPSK and one FM channel are provided, FM demodulator 40 will be used to demodulate the FM channel and QPSK/FM demodulator 44 will be used to demodulate the QPSK channel.
In the event that two FM channels are provided, the demodulated signals are decoded in a dual FM decoder 42 to provide a digital output to a stereo digital audio MUX/volume control circuit 56. This circuit processes the decoded signals to provide left and right stereo channel outputs for input to a digital interface circuit 58 (e.g., a Sony-Phillips Digital Interface--"SPDIF") and a high fidelity digital-to-analog converter 60. Circuit 58 outputs a digital audio (e.g., SPDIF) signal. Digital-to-analog converter 60 outputs analog left and right audio signals for input to a conventional audio amplifier.
In the event that the QPSK/FM demodulator 44 recovers a carrier having a Broadcast Television Systems Committee (BTSC) audio subcarrier, the subcarrier is decoded in decoder 50 for input to circuit 56. Similarly, where a NICAM audio signal is recovered by the demodulator 44, it is decoded in a decoder 52. A Dolby AC1 audio signal recovered by demodulator 44, when present, is decoded by decoder 54. Prior to decoding, any NICAM or Dolby AC1 signal is sliced in a slicer 46 and demultiplexed in a bitstream demultiplexer 48 to recover-the digital data provided by the NICAM or Dolby AC1 signals.
As indicated above, the audio DSP 26 is capable of processing various audio modes. Table 2 sets forth the various types of audio carriers that can be processed.
TABLE 2______________________________________ Primary Modu- Secondary Modu-Audio Mode Carrier lation Carrier lation______________________________________BTSC 4.5 MHz FM NONE --PRIVATE BTSC 4.75 MHz FM 4.5 MHz FMPRIVACY 4.5 MHz FM-FM NONE --(NTSC)HOME THEATRE 4.5 MHz QPSK NONE --EIA-J 4.5 MHz FM-FM NONE --GERMAN DIN 5.5 MHz FM 5.742 MHz FMKOREAN DIN 4.5 MHz FM 4.7242 MHz FMPAL I 6 MHz FM 6.552 MHz QPSKPAL B 5.5 MHz FM 5.85 MHz QPSK______________________________________
As indicated in Table 2, various modes including the private BTSC, German DIN, Korean DIN, PAL I and PAL B modes include a primary carrier as well as a secondary carrier. Where two FM carriers are provided, as in the private BTSC, German DIN and Korean DIN modes, one will be processed by FM demodulator 40 and the other by demodulator 44. All QPSK demodulation is provided by the QPSK/FM demodulator 44. The QPSK modulation provided in the secondary carrier of the two PAL modes represents a NICAM digital audio signal which is subsequently processed by NICAM decoder 52. In the home theatre audio mode, the QPSK modulation of the primary carrier provides a Dolby AC1 digital audio signal, which is decoded by the AC1 decoder 54. Further details of the FM demodulator 40 and QPSK/FM demodulator 44 are provided in connection with the description of FIG. 3.
FIG. 2 illustrates the video demodulator 16 in greater detail. This demodulator can process both amplitude modulated (vestigial sideband--"VSB") large carrier and amplitude modulated suppressed carrier with pilot AM signals. The only difference between the two demodulation systems is in the carrier recovery block 74. More particularly, the mixer/phase detector 94 provided in the carrier recovery block may be implemented either as a Costas loop or a quadrature phase lock loop, both of which are well known in the art. A Costas loop is capable of recovering the carrier from both AM (vestigial sideband) large carrier and suppressed carrier with pilot AM signal sources. The quadrature phase lock loop (QPLL) is only capable of demodulating large carrier signals.
The input to the video demodulator is a video IF signal that may be sampled, for example, at 27 MHz. This is the signal output from A/D converter 14 of FIG. 1, and is input to the video demodulator via terminal 70 illustrated in FIG. 2. This signal is input both to a mixer and Nyquist filter block 72 and the carrier recovery block 74. In the mixer and Nyquist filter block 72, the video IF is first Nyquist filtered via Nyquist filter 80 and then downconverted to baseband by mixing it with the recovered carrier in mixer 82. The recovered carrier is first passed through a Nyquist delay 84 which compensates for the delay of the Nyquist filter 80. The Nyquist filter is a lowpass filter that provides additional adjacent channel filtering as well as VSB double-single sideband magnitude equalization. For NTSC signals, the double sideband component is from 0-0.75 MHz and-the single sideband component is from 0.75-4.2 MHz.
The Nyquist filter 80 can be implemented as a finite impulse response (FIR) lowpass filter having, for example, a sampling frequency of 27 MHz, passband edge of 7.75 MHz, passband attenuation of 0.5 dB, stopband edge of 10.25 MHz, stopband attenuation of 40 dB, beta of 3.3953 and -6 dB cutoff frequency of 9 MHz. The FIR filter can be implemented as a 27 tap filter with fixed coefficients.
The output of mixer 82 is input to a sound strip filter 76. A baseband video output (e.g., having a sampling frequency fs of 13.5 MHz) is generated from the demodulated video by removing the audio signal components. The audio components are removed by the sound strip filter. Filtering is performed in a two-stage filtering process using a downconverter lowpass filter 86 and a sound removal lowpass filter 92. A decimate by two circuit 90 is provided between the two lowpass filters.
The use of a two-stage filtering process in the sound strip filter 76 reduces hardware requirements.
The first stage provided by LPF 86 and decimator 90 decimates by two the 27 MHz sample modulated video to 13.5 MHz. Filter 86 is an anti-aliasing lowpass filter which may comprise, for example, an FIR half-band lowpass filter. For example, the desampling frequency of the filter 86 can be 27 MHz with an operating frequency of 13.5 MHz, passband edge of 5.5 MHz, passband attenuation of 0.5 dB, stop band edge of 8 MHz, stop band attenuation of 60 dB, and the filter can have, e.g., 37 taps with fixed coefficients. A half band filter is utilized to reduce gate count. Due to the 2:1 decimation, this is filter operates at 13.5 MHz since every other sample is ignored. Since a half-band filter is used, the passband and stop band are centered around one-fourth the sampling frequency (27 MHz) or 6.75 MHz.
The last stage of the sound strip filter 76 is an FIR lowpass filter 92. This filter can be designed, for example, to provide the sound carrier at 50 dB below the video at the sound carrier, and 25 dB below video at the sound carrier ±50 KHz. The coefficients of this filter are programmable to accommodate all of the different video standards capable of being processed by the television converter. The number of taps of the filter can be determined by the video standard with the smallest pass-to-stop transition bandwidth. NTSC has the smallest transition bandwidth, which is 696 KHz.
As indicated above, carrier recovery is provided by block 74. The video IF from terminal 70 is input to a mixer/phase detector 94, the output of which is filtered through a loop filter 96 that controls a numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) 98. The NCO operates like a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and can be phase locked to an external clock by modulating its phase error input.
One output of the mixer/phase detector 94 is the audio intercarrier which is carried with the video IF. The audio intercarrier is output via line 100 so that it can be input directly into the audio DSP 26 (see FIG. 1). Advantageously, the video demodulator is designed such that the sound takeoff point at the output of mixer/phase detector 94 does not require the sound to go through the Nyquist filter 80. Thus, there is no need for a separate sound demodulator which would render the system more expensive. Both the loop filter 96 and NCO 98 are programmable to enable operation with different television standards.
The NCO output frequency is provided to an automatic fine tune circuit 78. The NCO frequency is compared in a frequency comparison circuit 102 with the actual frequency at which the video IF signal is received. A frequency lock loop 104 is controlled by the output of frequency compare circuit 102 in order to automatically fine tune the actual operating frequency. The output of the frequency lock loop is pulse width modulated in circuit 106 to provide an automatic fine tune (AFT) signal via line 108. The AFT signal is used by a conventional downconverter (not shown) in the television converter, to provide the low IF input to the video DSP via terminal 10 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 illustrates the FM demodulator 40 and QPSK/FM demodulator 44 of the audio DSP 26 in greater detail. Demodulator 44 is a synchronous demodulator that is configurable to perform either FM or QPSK demodulation. Demodulator 40 is a synchronous demodulator used for FM demodulation only. The audio intercarrier is provided on line 100 to both demodulators 40 and 44. In demodulator 40, the audio intercarrier is provided via a 2:1 multiplexer (used as a selector) to a mixer 152 which provides automatic gain control (AGC). The output of mixer 152 is input to mixers 154 and 156 where the signal is mixed with appropriate frequency outputs from a numerically controlled oscillator 158. The output of mixer 156 is passed through a loop filter 162 to control the frequency at which NCO 158 operates. The output of loop filter 162 is also passed through a lowpass filter 164 to provide the demodulated FM output. The output of mixer 154 is integrated in integrator 160 to provide the AGC signal.
Multiplexer 150 provides the audio intercarrier as an output to mixer 152 when the audio mode is either a DIN mode (which requires two carriers for stereo) or PAL, in which case demodulator 40 demodulates the FM modulation of the primary carrier. For FM stereo or second audio program (SAP) signals, multiplexer 150 passes the "FM1" signal from multiplexer (i.e., selector) 142 of demodulator 144 to the mixer 152 of demodulator 40.
Synchronous FM/QPSK demodulator 44 receives a QPSK/FM select signal at terminal 110 in order to set up the demodulator for QPSK or FM demodulation. The audio intercarrier is input to a mixer 116 which provides an AGC signal from integrator 126. The output of mixer 116 is coupled to mixers 118 and 120 which receive the outputs of a programmable NCO 122. The NCO is programmable to accommodate the various standards capable of being processed by the converter.
A loop filter 124 is provided to maintain the nominal frequency at which NCO 122 operates. Where a QPSK signal is being demodulated, loop filter 124 receives the "Q" phase of the QPSK signal from mixer 120 via multiplexer (i.e., selector) 130. When the demodulator is demodulating an FM signal, the multiplexer 130 is actuated via the QPSK/FM select signal input at terminal 110 to pass the arc tangent (Q/I) from a rectangular to polar coordinate converter 136 to loop filter 124. The QPSK/FM select signal also controls a multiplexer (selector) 128 to provide an appropriate input to integrator 126 in order to provide the necessary AGC signal. At the same time, the QPSK/FM select signal actuates a multiplexer (selector) 142 to output either a demodulated FM signal from lowpass filter 144 or the I component of a demodulated QPSK signal from lowpass filter 134. Filter 132 can comprise a root raised cosine (RRC) FIR filter and adaptive equalizer, a counterpart of which is provided as filter 138 for the Q component of the demodulated QPSK signal. The Q component is passed through a second lowpass filter 146 (which may also be a RRC FIR filter) prior to being output from the demodulator 44. Both the I and Q components output from the respective lowpass filters 134 and 146 are input to the rectangular to polar coordinate converter 136, which also receives a sample symbol timing recovery output from symbol timing recovery circuit 140. This circuit outputs a symbol clock (SYMCLK) signal for use by the television converter.
When an FM signal is demodulated by demodulator 44, the FM output is taken from the output of loop filter 124, passed through multiplexer (selector) 132, and lowpass filtered in lowpass filters 138 and 144 prior to being output via multiplexer 142.
It should be clear from FIG. 3 that an audio signal carried by the audio signal intercarrier can comprise either FM modulation, QPSK modulation, or both where separate carriers are provided. Thus, any of the audio modes set forth in Table 2 can be accommodated.
It should now be appreciated that the present invention provides a reduced cost television converter implemented using digital signal processing techniques. In the video demodulator section, a sampling frequency of 27 MHz is advantageous (but not required) in order to handle PAL 1, PAL B and NTSC television signals without aliasing during the demodulation. Such aliasing is prevented because the sum products are below the frequency where they would alias back into the DC to 7 MHz band of concern. A low IF input is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal, which is applied to a Nyquist filter. In a preferred implementation, the Nyquist filter can comprise a 9 MHz, -6 dB symmetrical linear slope type filter. A gain control multiplier is used to restore scrambled video modes to a correct level. A 9 MHz NCO is phase locked to the Nyquist filtered video carrier and applied to I and Q multipliers. The difference product is the desired baseband video signal. After demodulation, the video signal can be decimated (e.g., down to 13.5 MHz sampling) before further processing is performed. In a preferred embodiment, the video PLL (phase lock loop) bandwidth is about 200 KHz initially during tuning and reduced to about 25 KHz after lock is detected. This multirate loop in the DSP design is useful during tuning acquisition to speed lock time and widen the capture range.
The Q multiplier is used for AFC and intercarrier generation. It is connected before the descrambling gain control stage to prevent AM modulation from being applied to the intercarrier. A delay matching the delay of the gain control multiplier must be inserted in the path before the Q multiplier in order to maintain the correct quadrature phase relationship. Connecting the Q multiplier before the Nyquist filter with appropriate delay reduces AM to PM conversion and improves suppressed carrier operation. The I multiplier is decimated by two and FIR filtered to remove the sound carrier(s). The FIR filter is coefficient programmable to the video standard in use.
The converter enables the reception of digital audio independent of video (for example, for an audio only digital music channel). In such a case, the video carrier NCO must be set to a fixed frequency mode in order to mix the desired QPSK carrier to the desired intercarrier frequency.
The television converter can receive various modes of audio signals. For analog FM audio, the video demodulator quadrature output at, e.g., 27 MHz is used as the source of audio intercarriers. About 40 dB cancellation can be expected from the quadrature output assuming that the picture was originally modulated by a good quality analog video modulator. Video cancellation reduces audio filter complexity. Intercarrier processing is necessary because of up and down conversion phase noise. A linear PLL demodulator with AGC can be used to extract the FM modulation while providing at least 40 dB AM rejection. Due to linear down conversion, very little video AM is present on the sound carrier. Hum amplitude modulation is eliminated by the AGC loop. The PLL demodulator is also used for DIN applications.
For digital audio, an intercarrier PLL can include a ROM lookup table for carrier recovery when used in the QPSK modes. Clock recovery is also included. The output of the I and Q multipliers is decimated down to a low sampling rate for efficient lowpass filtering and then interpolated back up before data sampling is applied. One filter can be used for PAL 1, PAL B, and AC-1. Only the NCO frequency will be changed for these various modes. The demodulated data is demultiplexed, decrypted if authorized, Dolby AC-1 decoded, volume controlled, and output via a digital analog converter for left and right stereo audio outputs. A digital audio output, e.g., complying with the Sony-Phillips Digital Interface (SPDIF), is also provided. Similar processing is provided for NICAM data when present.
In the illustrated embodiment, the video carrier phase lock loop (PLL) is placed before the Nyquist for AM-VSB, and compensating delay is inserted in the NCO path to the multiplier after the Nyquist filter. This eliminates AM to PM conversion, improving luminance linearity and differential gain and phase. This design also keeps the video information from phase modulating the audio intercarrier, thereby eliminating video "buzz" components in the audio. The Nyquist filter is a programmable FIR filter, either highpass or lowpass, to allow the tuner oscillator to be higher or lower than the desired channel. In other words, the digitized IF video carrier can be above the sound carrier or below the sound carrier. Example video carrier frequencies are 6.75 MHz for highpass and 9 MHz for lowpass.
Although the invention has been described in connection with various specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that numerous adaptations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
|Brevet cité
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|20 avr. 1989
|9 oct. 1990
|Motorola Inc.
|TV receiver including multistandard OSD
|18 déc. 1989
|2 juil. 1991
|General Electric Company
|Apparatus for incorporating digital signals with a standard TV signal
|6 nov. 1987
|13 avr. 1993
|Deutsche Itt Industries Gmbh
|Sound channel circuit for digital television receivers
|17 mai 1991
|8 mars 1994
|General Instrument Corporation
|Apparatus and method for providing digital audio in the cable television band
|13 juil. 1993
|11 oct. 1994
|Pacific Ray Video Limited
|Multi-standard cable television system
|29 mars 1990
|18 oct. 1994
|Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation
|Compatible digital audio for NTSC television
|18 févr. 1993
|14 nov. 1995
|Motorola, Inc.
|Modulator circuit for use with a plurality of operating standards
|5 mai 1994
|9 janv. 1996
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Circuit arrangement for demmodulating the sound signals in a television signal in accordance with at least two different transmission standards
|28 juin 1994
|9 avr. 1996
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|HDTV signal receiver with imaginary-sample-presence detector for QAM/VSB mode selection
|11 mai 1995
|22 oct. 1996
|Ant Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh
|Device for processing modulated rail analog television signal
|11 mai 1995
|29 oct. 1996
|Ant Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh
|Device for digital demodulation of video and audio elements of television signal
|30 nov. 1995
|30 sept. 1997
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Multi-broadcast selection apparatus
|21 avr. 1995
|7 avr. 1998
|Microtune, Inc.
|Highly integrated television tuner on a single microcircuit
|15 avr. 1997
|10 nov. 1998
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Digital television receiver with adaptive filter circuitry for suppressing NTSC co-channel interference
|27 nov. 1996
|7 sept. 1999
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Satelite broadcast tuner capable of processing both QPSK modulation signal and FM signal
|14 juin 1993
|15 déc. 1993
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|A receiver compriser a combined AM-FM demodulator
|24 janv. 1995
|26 juil. 1995
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Broadcasting system discriminating television receiver
|9 juil. 1996
|15 janv. 1997
|General Instrument Corporation
|Apparatus integrating digital audio and analog video reception in a single receiver
|14 oct. 1996
|23 avr. 1997
|Paradyne Corporation
|Radio frequency receiver adapted to receive one or more modulated signals
|25 sept. 1997
|2 avr. 1998
|Sarnoff Corp
|Multiple modulation format television signal receiver system
|Brevet citant
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|12 févr. 1999
|17 juil. 2001
|Trw Inc.
|Wideband parallel processing digital tuner
|21 oct. 1998
|5 nov. 2002
|Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for audio signal processing
|6 oct. 2000
|15 juil. 2003
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
|Circuit arrangement for demodulating an intermediate-frequency video signal
|17 juil. 2001
|29 juin 2004
|Sony Corporation
|Television receiving apparatus
|17 juil. 2001
|15 mars 2005
|Fujitsu Limited
|Demodulation apparatus, broadcasting system and broadcast receiving apparatus
|24 févr. 2000
|2 aoűt 2005
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image display apparatus control system and image display system control method
|29 mars 2002
|28 mars 2006
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Video processing device
|15 févr. 2001
|25 avr. 2006
|Harman Becker Automotive Systems Gmbh
|Mobile television receiver
|30 oct. 1998
|2 mai 2006
|General Instrument Corporation
|Low distortion passthrough circuit arrangement for cable television set top converter terminals
|24 févr. 2000
|6 juin 2006
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image display control system and method allowing connection of various kinds of image displays to one supply source
|29 mai 2002
|5 déc. 2006
|Sony Corporation
|Receiving method and apparatus of analog television signals technical field
|24 févr. 2000
|12 déc. 2006
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image display control system and image display system control method
|24 oct. 2001
|12 déc. 2006
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced fiber nodes with CMTS capability
|21 déc. 1999
|13 mars 2007
|Roke Manor Research Limited
|Acoustically activated marketing device
|30 sept. 2002
|3 avr. 2007
|Lsi Logic Corporation
|Spectral translation for VSB compensation
|30 mai 2003
|3 juil. 2007
|Broadcom Corporation
|Digital IF demodulator with carrier recovery
|16 oct. 2003
|4 sept. 2007
|Intel Corporation
|Radio frequency tuner
|8 févr. 2006
|30 oct. 2007
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Video processing device
|23 avr. 2003
|8 janv. 2008
|Broadcom Corporation
|Multi-mode variable rate digital cable receiver
|16 oct. 2002
|5 févr. 2008
|Rfstream Corporation
|Methods and apparatus for implementing a receiver on a monolithic integrated circuit
|12 févr. 2004
|1 avr. 2008
|Broadcom Corporation
|Digital IF demodulator
|6 avr. 2004
|29 juil. 2008
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component with integrated tuning device, allowing the decoding of digital terrestrial or cable television signals
|2 aoűt 2005
|13 janv. 2009
|Broadcom Corporation
|HDTV chip with a single IF strip for handling analog and digital reception
|11 juil. 2005
|27 janv. 2009
|Sandbridge Technologies, Inc.
|Digital implementation of analog TV receiver
|3 mars 2004
|10 févr. 2009
|Broadcom Corporation
|Television functionality on a chip
|9 mars 2005
|24 mars 2009
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image display control system and image display system control method with determination of whether or not download of program can be executed
|30 sept. 2005
|14 avr. 2009
|Sigmatel, Inc.
|System and method of audio detection
|8 juil. 2004
|6 oct. 2009
|Thomson Licensing
|Apparatus and method for processing analog and digital signals from multiple signal sources
|27 oct. 2006
|24 nov. 2009
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced fiber nodes with CMTS capability
|21 juin 2006
|24 nov. 2009
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced CMTS for reliability, availability, and serviceability
|31 mars 2004
|5 janv. 2010
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of satellite digital television signals
|17 mai 2005
|6 avr. 2010
|Pixelworks, Inc.
|Video decoder with integrated audio IF demodulation
|6 avr. 2004
|14 sept. 2010
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of digital terrestrial or cable television signals
|29 déc. 2005
|2 nov. 2010
|Mondo Systems, Inc.
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals and other peripheral device
|24 mars 2008
|16 nov. 2010
|Broadcom Corporation
|Digital IF demodulator
|21 févr. 2003
|7 déc. 2010
|Broadcom Corporation
|All digital radio frequency modulator
|17 mars 2005
|14 déc. 2010
|Mediatek Inc.
|Decoding apparatus and decoding method for multiple audio standards
|18 aoűt 2006
|1 févr. 2011
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Receiver apparatus for outputting digital video and audio signals and receiver system incorporating the receiver apparatus
|6 déc. 2006
|15 févr. 2011
|Funai Electric Co., Ltd.
|Digital television
|7 nov. 2006
|15 mars 2011
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Receiver apparatus and receiver system
|11 sept. 2006
|26 avr. 2011
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Receiver apparatus and receiver system
|9 juil. 2009
|31 mai 2011
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced CMTS for reliability, availability, and serviceability
|6 févr. 2009
|14 juin 2011
|Broadcom Corporation
|Television functionality on a chip
|8 aoűt 2005
|6 sept. 2011
|Mondo Systems, Inc.
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|4 nov. 2007
|22 mai 2012
|Analog Devices, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for automatic audio standard detection in terrestrial broadcast signals employing frequency scanning
|12 juin 2012
|Mondo Systems, Inc.
|Integrated audio video signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|9 nov. 2010
|11 sept. 2012
|That Corporation
|Direct digital encoding and radio frequency modulation for broadcast television applications
|9 oct. 2009
|18 sept. 2012
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced fiber nodes with CMTS capability
|11 déc. 2012
|Larry Silver
|Signal demodulator with overmodulation protection
|17 mai 2002
|9 juil. 2013
|Stmicroelectronics Sa
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of a radiofrequency transmission channel conveying coded digital information, in particular for satellite digital telebroadcasting
|4 mars 2008
|6 aoűt 2013
|Vyacheslav Shyshkin
|Method and apparatus for extracting a desired television signal from a wideband IF input
|4 mars 2008
|17 sept. 2013
|Larry Silver
|Carrier recovery system with phase noise suppression
|17 sept. 2008
|22 oct. 2013
|Harris Corporation
|Communications device using measured signal-to-noise ratio to adjust phase and frequency tracking
|4 mars 2008
|29 oct. 2013
|Chris Ouslis
|Method and apparatus for processing a signal with a coarsely positioned IF frequency
|7 sept. 2006
|29 avr. 2014
|Broadcom Corporation
|Digital IF demodulator for video applications
|21 mars 2006
|12 aoűt 2014
|Mondo Systems, Inc.
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|31 déc. 2012
|23 sept. 2014
|Silicon Laboratories Inc.
|Partitioned radio-frequency apparatus and associated methods
|14 juin 2011
|7 oct. 2014
|Broadcom Corporation
|Television functionality on a chip
|16 aoűt 2005
|4 nov. 2014
|Mondo Systems, Inc.
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|27 févr. 2008
|2 déc. 2014
|Lance Greggain
|Interference avoidance in a television receiver
|4 mars 2008
|14 juil. 2015
|Steve Selby
|Automatic gain control system
|5 mars 2001
|9 mai 2002
|Alok Sharma
|Transceiver channel bank with reduced connector density
|17 juil. 2001
|23 mai 2002
|Syouji Ohishi
|Demodulation apparatus, broadcasting system and broadcast receiving apparatus
|24 oct. 2001
|26 sept. 2002
|Valentino Liva
|Enhanced fiber nodes with CMTS capability
|17 mai 2002
|20 mars 2003
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of a radiofrequency transmission channel conveying coded digital information, in particular for satellite digital telebroadcasting
|16 oct. 2003
|8 juil. 2004
|Cowley Nicholas Paul
|Radio frequency tuner
|21 mai 2004
|28 oct. 2004
|Louis Caporizzo
|Low distortion passthrough circuit arrangement for cable television set top converter terminals
|31 mars 2004
|23 déc. 2004
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of digital terrestrial or cable television signals
|6 avr. 2004
|23 déc. 2004
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component with integrated tuning device, allowing the decoding of digital terrestrial or cable television signals
|31 mars 2004
|30 déc. 2004
|Stmicroelectronics S.A.
|Electronic component allowing the decoding of satellite digital television signals
|15 aoűt 2003
|17 févr. 2005
|Broadcom Corporation
|Digital signal processor having a programmable address generator, and applications thereof
|9 mars 2005
|21 juil. 2005
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Image display control system and image display system control method
|2 aoűt 2005
|22 déc. 2005
|Jaffe Steven T
|HDTV chip with a single if strip for handling analog and digital reception
|8 févr. 2006
|15 juin 2006
|Hitachi, Ltd.
|Video processing device
|16 aoűt 2005
|6 juil. 2006
|Chul Chung
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|21 mars 2006
|20 juil. 2006
|Chul Chung
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|8 juil. 2004
|17 aoűt 2006
|Ecoff Clint A
|Apparatus and method for processing analog and digital signals from multiple signal sources
|17 mars 2005
|21 sept. 2006
|Mediatek Inc.
|Decording apparatus and decording method for multiple audio standards
|21 juin 2006
|9 nov. 2006
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced cmts for reliability, availability, and serviceability
|8 aoűt 2005
|28 déc. 2006
|Chul Chung
|Integrated multimedia signal processing system using centralized processing of signals
|11 juil. 2005
|11 janv. 2007
|Hua Ye
|Digital implementation of analog TV receiver
|18 aoűt 2006
|1 mars 2007
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Receiver apparatus and receiver system
|27 oct. 2006
|1 mars 2007
|Juniper Networks, Inc.
|Enhanced fiber nodes with cmts capability
|11 sept. 2006
|15 mars 2007
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Receiver apparatus and receiver system
|30 sept. 2005
|26 avr. 2007
|Sigmatel, Inc.
|System and method of audio detection
|18 mars 2010
|Harris Corporation
|Communications device using measured signal-to-noise ratio to adjust phase and frequency tracking
|2 mai 2005
|12 sept. 2012
|Integrated circuit apparatus and system
|3 juin 2003
|10 déc. 2003
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Trap circuit and television receiver for its application
|29 mai 2002
|3 mars 2004
|Sony Corporation
|Analog television signal receiving method and device
|8 juil. 2004
|27 janv. 2005
|Thomson Licensing Sa
|Apparatus and method for processing analog and digital signals from multiple signal sources
|16 sept. 2005
|30 mars 2006
|Matthew Barnhill
|Direct digital encoding and radio frequency modulation for broadcast television application
|13 avr. 2006
|18 janv. 2007
|Sandbridge Technologies Inc
|Digital implementation of analog tv receiver
|Classification aux États-Unis
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|9 mars 1998
Owner name: GENERAL INSTRUMENT COPORATION, PENNSYLVANIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ROBBINS, CLYDE;FRIEDMAN, ROBERT;FAZIL, MUHAMMAD;REEL/FRAME:009078/0330
Effective date: 19980219
|29 mars 2004
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|26 mai 2008
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|14 nov. 2008
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|6 janv. 2009
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20081114

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Good values on homes are still available, as the number of homes listed for sale is greater than the number of homes being sold. Great deals can be found by determined buyers.
Rental property is in high demand and availability is low. Rent prices have increased by 3% over the past 3 months. This is 12% higher than the state average of $2,081 and 100% higher than the country average of $0.
The average home price in 60053 is $299,900, which is 11.5% higher than the average sold price in 60053 ($269,000) . The average home price per square foot in 60053 is $200 and about 3% of all homes in 60053 sold in the last 6 months. For 60053 home values, real estate prices, and city market trends, research the 9,891 property records or search our 269 recently sold or 159 homes for sale listings. The listings and properties in 60053 are only a part of the 4,181,108 properties and 111,169 homes for sale in Illinois. Because of this, the average home price and average home value of 60053 also influence the average home price $174,900 and average sale price $186,500 of Illinois. Listing counts, 60053 home prices and home values in 60053 are sourced daily from listing and property data on realtor.com®, which is the most up-to-date and accurate aggregation of real estate listings in the industry and includes approximately 800 regional MLSs and is the official website of the National Association of Realtors®.


text:
GHB x reader companions of the ancestors ch 15Chapter 15 "Tell me what?" Shanna and Luella look to each other in confusion. "You Mean The Highblood Has Not Told You Yet?" you gaze at the two jade bloods, "Told me what!?" you screech irritatedly, still being trapped in the tight corset. "Well, You Are To Attend A Ball Within Two Weeks, It's For All Of The New Companions To Get To Know Each Other." Shanna says "Oh There Will Be Ballroom Dancing-" you quickly cut her off with a loud "Nope!" Luella ignores your outburst and adds with a sparkle in her eyes "And A Wondrous Buffet" You stopped and thought about the promise of food before you start to turn around and walk out knowing that they were going to stop you, can't blame ya for trying though right? "Oh (Name)! Don't Be Like That, It Will Be A Lovely Event To Attend! I'm Sure After Your Dance Lessons, You Wont Be Able To Wait For The Ball!" Luella chimes as she catches your arm to stop you. "I didn't agree to this! And there was nothing said about lessons! I alre
Sober!Gamzee X ReaderReaderXSober!GamzeeYou sighed, walking down the dark hallway. On either side of you,darkness loomed.Your name is __________ __________, and your about to dosomething dangerous.You knew just how dire your situation was. One wrong move,and you could be dead. But you needed to help him. No. Youneeded to save him. You were determined to be his ray of sun.You were a light player. Wasnt this your job? Probably not. Butthis would save all your friends.You notice a blue sticky substance on the floor, leading to a door.You suppose another one has died. Poor souls.You open the door, and hold your breath. The scent of iron, and death filledyour poor nose. This was unmerciful.Scanning the room for the boy you once called your friend.He didnt appear to be in there, so you step in. Bad move.The door slams shut behind you, and you turn only to see the scarred,bloodied face of Gamzee Makara."there you MOTHERFUCKIN' are. saved me the TROUBLE."You gulp, knowing that you wouldnt get ou


text:
Italy's Shift to Multiplex Facilities Claims Historic Rome Cinema
Opened more than 100 years ago, The Metropolitan will be transformed into prime storefronts for fashion houses Fendi and Abercrombie & Fitch.
ROME -- The Metropolitan, the historical Roman cinema that "temporarily" closed its doors two years ago, will now be gone for good after it was announced that the building's new owners signed a lease to transform the facility into storefronts for two high-end clothing stores.
Lionello Cerri, president of cinema exhibitor association ANEC, said in an interview that the closure of The Metropolitan fits into a wider trend in Italy for small- and medium-sized cinemas in city centers in Italy to close in favor of larger multiplexes on the periphery of the large cities.
"We have been calling on the government for years to take steps to protect the traditional kind of movie house in the center of town," Cerri said. "It is a key part of a city's nocturnal life, and part of a healthy city's cultural DNA."
Cerri said that the number of cinema screens in Italy has remained steady at around 3,800 in recent years, with screens in larger facilities gradually and steadily replacing smaller and more central facilities.
First opened in 1911, Rome's Metropolitan, which had four screens, rolled out first-run screenings of many of the classics from the Golden Age of Italian cinema, including works from Federico Fellini, Vittorio De Sica, and Roberto Rossellini, among others. It was known in recent years as one of a small handful of movie houses in Rome showing films in the original language, with Italian subtitles. It was also utilized for screenings during the International Rome Film Festival.
When the cinema was closed in the final days of 2010, it sparked protests from film lovers. There was occasional speculation that it could be reopened as a cinema, but those hopes were finally dashed when it was revealed the facility would be remodeled and opened late this year as a store front for Italian fashion company Fendi and U.S. casual clothing maker Abercrombie & Fitch, which will gain amble storefronts along Rome's famous Via del Corso.
The building had been owned by Fininvest Immobiliari -- the real-estate wing of the Fininvest holding company controlled by media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi, whose other holdings include three national television networks in Italy and one in Spain, plus the film production and distribution house Medusa. Italian media reported that Fininvest sold the property to Italian fashion giant Benetton for €30 million ($38.8 million), with Benetton leasing it to Fendi and Abercrombie & Fitch.
Twitter: @EricJLyman
Never miss a story. Stay up-to-date with THR's Daily Headlines.
Must Reads
A Widow's Threats, High-Powered Spats and the Sony Hack: The Strange Saga of 'Steve Jobs'
Rick Moranis Reveals Why He Turned Down 'Ghostbusters' Reboot: "It Makes No Sense to Me"
Hollywood's 100 Favorite TV Shows
Dan Rather Reflects on His Dramatic CBS Exit That Inspired 'Truth': "I Have a Lot of Wounds"
'The Martian's' Matt Damon Talks 'Bourne' Return, Politics and PC Flubs: "Oh My God, I Look Like an Asshole"
The Insane Battle Over Sam Simon's Will — Should the Simpson's Co-Creator's Trust Pay $140,000 Per Year For One Dog's Care?
'Empire's' "Batshit Crazy" Behind-the-Scenes Drama: On the Set of TV's Hottest Show
Hollywood's Notable Deaths of 2015


text:
Find Ancestors
Welcome to the Genes Reunited community boards!
- The Genes Reunited community is made up of millions of people with similar interests. Discover your family history and make life long friends along the way.
- You will find a close knit but welcoming group of keen genealogists all prepared to offer advice and help to new members.
- And it's not all serious business. The boards are often a place to relax and be entertained by all kinds of subjects.
- The Genes community will go out of their way to help you, so don't be shy about asking for help.
Quick Search
Single word search
Gift subscriptions
Do you know someone interested in discovering their family history?
You can now buy a gift subscription to Genes Reunited so they can research their family tree.
- New posts
- No new posts
- Thread closed
- Stickied, new posts
- Stickied, no new posts
Mark Keeper
|Posted by
|Post Date
Member Since:
|21 Jan 2003 10:50
I am interested in hearing from any Keeper's born in and around the London area, particularly West Ham, Shoreditch, Bethnal Green and Poplar where my Keeper family lived. Especially if they have the names Thomas Edward or George in their Keeper line. My Great Grandfather was Thomas Edward Keeper he married Ellen Taylor and my Grandfather was George Charles Keeper born 1912, West Ham, Essex.


text:
Top Definition
Coming from Alexander the Great, and his wife Alexandra, it originated in Greece. Alexander used it in place of a particular cuse word. It is commonly used throughout the United States, Australia, and in various countrys around Europe. It is the propper substitute word for an obvious profane word.
Wait...our paper was due today? Dagflabbit!
by themoviecarsrocks April 19, 2010


text:
Rating 9.3/10
from 3 reviews
Samsung Galaxy Ace Reviews
Samsung Galaxy Ace Deals
Samsung Galaxy Ace is available on:
Click on a logo above to view all deals on that network
Cheapest prices for Samsung Galaxy Ace today!
Compare pay monthly contracts from all of the leading mobile retailers.We only show the lowest priced deal for each package, to see all offers for individual tariffs simply click on 'Compare all prices for this deal'
Other Variants of the Samsung Galaxy Ace
The Galaxy Ace is a mid-range smart phone offering all of the benefits of the Android operating system but without the price tag of more expensive models like the Samsung Galaxy S2 or Galaxy Note.Features include a 3.5 inch 320 x 480 pixel touch screen display, a 5 mega pixel camera with LED flash, continuous and panorama shot mode, an 800MHz processor with 278Mb of RAM, the Android 2.2 operating system with access to Google Play for downloading new apps, and an expandable memory up to 32GB with MicroSD cards.
Compact and pocket friendly at 112.4 x 59.9 x 11.5mm and weighing 113g the Galaxy Ace offers an HTML browser, multimedia player and a whole host of Google software titles as well as Wi-Fi, 3.5G data, GPS and Bluetooth connections.
Our experts opnion of the Samsung Galaxy Ace:It might well be the cheaper alternative to many top-end Android smart phones but the compact and sleek Galaxy Ace offers many of the same features and connectivity options plus a good 5 mega pixel camera which at these prices is great value for money.
If you don't want a large touch screen from a large device or a super powerful processor the pocket friendly Galaxy Ace is a great choice.
For a faster processor and bigger touch screen display the Galaxy Ace has now been upgraded to the Samsung Galaxy Ace Plus which offers even more features packed inside its sleek and compact housing.
Best Samsung Galaxy Ace Deals Today
|Tariff Name
|Monthly Cost
|Monthly Minutes
|Monthly Texts
|Internet Allowance
|Handset Price
|Offer Details
|Buy Online
SIM Free
no contract
|Includes Delivery
|See Deal
Today's Best Samsung Galaxy Ace SIM Free Deals
|Tariff Name
|Monthly Cost
|Monthly Minutes
|Monthly Texts
|Internet Allowance
|Handset Price
|Offer Details
|Buy Online
SIM Free
no contract
|Includes Delivery
|See Deal
Similar Mobile Phones
Galaxy Ace 4
Galaxy Ace 3
Galaxy Ace 2
Galaxy Ace 4 White
Galaxy Ace Style
Galaxy Ace 3 White
Galaxy Ace 2 White
Galaxy Ace White
Galaxy Ace La Fleur
Galaxy Y
Latest News for the Samsung Galaxy Ace
Samsung Galaxy handsets are the UK?s top three hottest-selling smartphones for January
According to uSwitch statistics, three Samsung Galaxy handsets have topped the charts in the top-selling smartphone list in the UK for January, Mobile News reports.
Pay monthly sales affect these statistics. The Samsung Galaxy S3 is still on the top of the list nine months running. In second place is the Galaxy Ace, while the ... Read moreBest Pay As You Go Xmas Offers – Cheapest Prepay Phones as Presents
With Christmas just around the corner we take a quick look at the increasing amount of Pay As You Go phones offers highlighting the best deals for anyone looking to buy a prepay phone as a present for someone.
We'll start with the most popular pay as you go phone deals and then outline the ... Read moreSamsung Give Their Galaxy Ace a La Fleur White Makeover
The Samsung Galaxy Ace has been with us now for some time and been released in additional purple and white colour schemes, but Samsung have gone a step further and released this affordable little Android phone in a new white edition La Fleur casing for that stand out effect.
The Samsung Galaxy Ace La Fleur ... Read moreSamsung Galaxy Ace 2 Upgrades the Galaxy Ace and Ace Plus
The upgrade to the very popular Samsung Galaxy Ace and more recent Ace Plus models has now been launched on a second network, the Galaxy Ace 2 is the latest instalment in the range and further improves in the features department as well as offering a larger touch screen, speedier processor, more advanced imaging and ... Read moreSamsung Galaxy Ace Purple Joins the Black and White Galaxy Ace Range
A new purple edition of the affordable Samsung Galaxy Ace Android smart phone has now been released on 3 Mobile contract deals, adding to the Galaxy Ace range this purple model joins the white and black colour schemes of this pocket friendly, sleek and lightweight little phone.
Samsung Galaxy Ace Purple deals on Three Mobile ... Read moreSamsung Galaxy Ace 2 Deals Get an O2 Launch
Samsung's sleek new upgrade to the original Galaxy Ace has now been released by a second operator in the UK, the Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 now has deals on the O2 network after being launched by Virgin Mobile last week and these new offers are even cheaper to buy.
O2 Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 deals ... Read moreGalaxy Ace Range Gets New White Samsung Galaxy Ace Plus
The recently released Samsung Galaxy Ace Plus has just been released in a brand new colour scheme, following suit with the original Galaxy Ace which was launched in black, purple and white colour schemes the new Ace Plus is now available in an all-white casing.
Samsung Galaxy Ace Plus White contract deals have been released ... Read moreQuiet Launch of Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 Contract Deals amid Galaxy S3 Frenzy
The upgrade to the popular Samsung Galaxy Ace; the Ace 2, was first released last week as a SIM free phone but now Virgin Mobile have been the first network to make contract deals available for this new, affordable Android phone.
Samsung Galaxy Ace 2 contract deals on Virgin have line rental prices as low ... Read more


text:
Begin New Search
Refine Last Search
Cemetery Lookup
Add Burial Records
Help with Find A Grave
Top Contributors
Success Stories
Community Forums
Find A Grave Store
Log In
ad feedback
ad feedback
Nancy Kiel-Gravning
member for 12 years, 6 months, 11 days
Add to MyFriends
Bio and Links
Family & Friends:
If you have updates or corrections, please let me know. Please enter "Find-A-Grave" in the subject line of your e-mail. Thanks.
Leave Public Message
Contributions to
Find A Grave
6,076 Memorials Added
5,724 Memorials Managed
9 Memorials/Week
3,105 Photos
2 Photo Requests
32 Volunteer Photos Taken
17,588 Virtual Flowers
96 Sponsorships
Search Contributor's Records
First Name
Last Name
Messages left for Nancy Kiel-Grav... (139)
Leave Message
RE: Lammert Kiel
My cousins and I walked through the cemetery and took photos of most of the headstones while looking for our family members. There is a great deal of confusion about the names of the cemeteries. I can't go back into the research I did several years ago, but off the top of my head, I'd say the two cemeteries you mentioned in your message are actually just one cemetery that's been renamed over the years.
Added by
on Aug 16, 2015 5:11 PM
Arlene DeBoer
Lucy Hoeksema Myaard
Hi Nancy, I just edited her birth place, I put in Grijpsker, it should have been Niezijl.
Lucy Hoeksema birth name was Luktje. See the following information:
Registratiedatum 24-02-1868
Geboorte 24-02-1868 Niezijl gem. Grijpskerk
Kind Luktje Hoeksema
Geslacht v
Vader Geert Hoeksema
Leeftijd 26 jaar
Beroep wolkammer
Moeder Sijtske Koning
Bron Geboorteregister Grijpskerk 1868
Aktenummer 18
Added by
Arlene DeBoer
on May 27, 2015 8:36 AM
RE: Bode & Johnson photos
Thank you Nancy, Happy Easter to you as well!
I had a lot more photos from yesterday, but it seems another find-a-grave contributor has been busy in the same cemetery, same section this week! So I only submitted maybe 10% of them -- but I did update the plot information for all of the memorials! :-) Luckily the plot information edits are easy to process and hopefully not too annoying..
My checklist for when I'm taking photos is getting longer -- I whisk off every stone (oh my aching back!!), watch for my toes, watch for reflections, watch for shadows, and try to get all of my lines straight. And the little camera I'm using is doing a great job.
Added by
on Apr 05, 2015 5:34 PM
Serrah McEwen
RE: Frank James Verduin
That's weird lol. how'd she explain that to the in laws??
Added by
Serrah McEwen
on Mar 31, 2015 10:05 PM
Serrah McEwen
Frank James Verduin
Hi there,
I posted a picture of a gravestone for a Leoda Verduin in which the grave for her has Frank James Verduin on the grave as well. I'm thinking that is because he is the husband and not John Verduin?? Am I wrong?? The link to Leoda says that John is the husband.
Added by
Serrah McEwen
on Mar 31, 2015 5:21 PM
Judy Curnell
Thank you
Nancy, Thank you for visiting my son Virgil. Judy
Added by
Judy Curnell
on Feb 23, 2015 4:14 AM
RE: Laura Cole
Hi Nancy,
Thanks so much. I would love to check out that web site. What is it?
Looking for the plot location for her husband Fred Francis # 6660955
Added by
on Feb 10, 2015 8:06 AM
Nessa Tupper
Robert Edward Covington
He is my Dad, thank you for posting his memorial.
Added by
Nessa Tupper
on Jan 18, 2015 10:52 PM
Rus Fluit stones
I have uploaded the photos of the stone to the memorials, and deleted the extra. Thanks for clueing me in. :-)
Added by
on Jan 16, 2015 12:45 PM
Thank you, I do the Jansma familytree from Friesland; Holland.
Added by
on Jan 03, 2015 11:50 AM
View all messages...
Privacy Statement
Terms of Service
ad feedback


text:
Fair ~
River stage: 14.12 ft. Rising
Friday, Oct. 9, 2015
Let It Snow
The following photo has been submitted by a user of semissourian.com. To submit your own photo to the site, click here.Sunday, February 7, 2010
Note: The nature of the Internet makes it impractical for our staff to review every comment. If you feel that a comment is offensive, please Login or Create an account first, and then you will be able to flag a comment as objectionable. Please also note that those who post comments on semissourian.com may do so using a screen name, which may or may not reflect a website user's actual name. Readers should be careful not to assign comments to real people who may have names similar to screen names. Refrain from obscenity in your comments, and to keep discussions civil, don't say anything in a way your grandmother would be ashamed to read.
Love the colors and composition of this photo.
-- Posted by German Shepherd Lover on Mon, Feb 8, 2010, at 10:57 AM
Great shot! I agree the colors are great. But really cool the mix of birds you were able to capture together on one feeder.
Will be looking forward to any future pics you have to share:-)
-- Posted by hmmmm on Wed, Feb 17, 2010, at 5:48 PM
Respond to this story
Posting a comment requires free registration:
Related subjects
Last week's most read stories


text:
Core Techniques in Operative NeurosurgeryCore Techniques in Operative Neurosurgery provides step-by-step guidance to help you effectively manage the full range of cranial and spinal neurosurgical disorders. Drs. Rahul Jandial, Paul McCormick, and Peter Black offer their expertise and experience in consistent chapters that cover the indications and contraindications, pitfalls, tips and tricks, and more for each procedure. With access to
Best Evidence for Spine SurgeryBest Evidence for Spine Surgery provides representative cases that help you determine the optimal surgical interventions for your patients. Drs. Rahul Jandial and Steven R. Garfin, and a balanced team of preeminent neurosurgeons and orthopaedists, address the trend toward a more collaborative approach between spine and orthopaedic surgery. This easy-to-read, evidence-based resource also features
$31.49LEARN NEUROSCIENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF REAL-LIFE PATIENTS AND PREPARE FOR THE BOARDS Experience with clinical cases is key to excelling on the USMLE Step 1 and shelf exams, and ultimately to providing patients with competent clinical care. Case Files: Neuroscience provides 49 true-to-life cases that illustrate essential concepts in this field. Each case includes an easy-tounderstand discussion


text:
Share your Photos, Videos, and Stories on uShare! Click here to get started.
Added October 6, 2012 10:35 PM
Get your Saturday started with #Kelonews This Morning, starting now.
21 Minutes Ago
The Beadle County State's Attorney Office has its own Facebook page - and it's gaining quite a following. We talk to the State's Attorney about why he started the page and how it's helping the community, tonight on #KELONews at 10.
4 Hours Ago
KELO Sammi Bjelland has a look at the stories we'll have for you tonight on #KELONews at 10.
5 Hours Ago


text:
Books must show: IN STOCK at your desired location for same day pick-up in stores.
We recommend calling stores that show low stock numbers.
As in her noteworthy deput, "Tipping the Velvet," Sarah Waters brilliantly evokes the sights and smells of a moody and beguiling nineteenth-century London, and proves herself yet again a storyteller, in the words of the "New York Times Book Review," of "startling power.
"Unfolds sinuously and ominously…a powerful plot-twister…a truly suspenseful tale of terror; and a piece of elegant, thinly veiled erotica. Like a Ouija board, Affinity offers different messages to different readers, scaring the shrouds off everyone in the process."
—USA Today
"[Waters] displays her incredible talent for the Gothic historical novel in this splendid book about a Victorian women's prison and the affair there between an inmate and a 'lady visitor.'"
—San Francisco Chronicle
"Gothic tale, psychological study, puzzle narrative…superbly suspenseful…This is gripping, astute fiction that feeds the mind and senses."
—The Seattle Times


text:
View asian Singles in Crystal
By clicking continue, I agree to receive transactional and promotional emails from Match.com. I understand that I am free to withdraw consent at any time.
By using our site, you agree to the Match.com Terms of Use.
Whatever you call it - the Silver State, the Sage State, or the Sagebrush State - we have the Nevada singles you are looking for. It's the perfect way to see who is single in Nevada, what we're all about, and it's free. Connect with singles in Crystal,Nevada for online dating, friendship and romance. We are all born for love...Match.com was born to find love in Crystal, Nevada.
Amargosa Valley, Beatty, Calico Basin, Callville Bay, Cold Creek, Corn Creek, Goodsprings, Indian Springs, Lathrop Wells, Mercury, Mount Charleston, Mountain Springs, Pahrump, Sandy Valley, Shoshone, Tecopa view all states »
Asian , Black , Catholic , Christian , Divorced , Free Online Dating, Gay Singles, Gay Dating, Jewish , Lesbian Singles, Single Parents, view all communities »


text:
Center for the Study of Organizational Change (MU)
The Center for the Study of Organizational Change (CSOC), an interdisciplinary research center established in 1997, was formed to help students, businesses, non-profit organizations, healthcare and government agencies rise to the challenge of changing environments. CSOC champions an innovative curriculum and provides practical assistance to companies, public and non-profit organizations in executive and management development, basic and applied research, change management and organizational consultation. CSOC believes in the advancement of knowledge through research, education, and consultation about organizational change.
Items in MOspace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.
Collections in this community
Center for the Study of Organizational Change publications (MU)The items in this collection are the scholarly output of the faculty, staff, and students of the Center for the Study of Organizational Change.
Recent Submissions
Surfacing Perversions of Democracy in the Workplace: A Contemporary Psychoanalytic Project (Psychoanalysis, Culture & Society, 2006)In this paper, we explore the psychodynamics of democracy in the workplace with a particular focus on unconscious and collusive forms of perverting democratic processes at work. We suggest that interpersonally and collectively ...
Organizational Change and the Analytic Third: Locating and Attending to Unconscious Organizational Psychodynamics (Psychoanalysis, Culture & Society, 2007)This article examines the concept of the analytic third in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically informed organizational change. The analytic third is often defined as the psychological(triangular) space between self and ...
Organizational Immersion and Diagnosis: The Work of Harry Levinson (Karnac Books Ltd., 2003)In the following, I present readers with an overview of Harry Levinson's contributions to psychoanalytic organization psychology. Then, I share excerpts from an interview conducted with him in August 2002 during the American ...
Moral Violence in Organizations: Hierarchic Dominance and the Absence of Potential Space (Karnac Books Ltd., 2004)The authors introduce the concept of moral violence in organizations, by which they refer to emotionally and psychologically abusive and harmful workplace cultures. These narcissistic, organizational cultures, are, ...


text:
Related Searches: Tops | Basketball | NCAA | Outerwear | Top Related Searches
as low as $8.69
sold by eSportsOnline.com
as low as $114.39
sold by
as low as $31.15
as low as $113.79
as low as $762.00
as low as $858.00
* Shipping costs are based on an estimate of UPS ground or equivalent carrier within the contiguous US, excluding Alaska and Hawaii. Please see Seller's website for actual shipping costs.
PriceGrabberAbout Us Jobs Advertise Sitemap Mobile Site
SupportMerchant Login Market Reporter Mobile Apps Help
Choose your Region:
Copyright ©2015 PriceGrabber.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved


text:
China's devaluation of the yuan presents challenges
Kai Ryssdal
Interview by
Interview with
Produced by
Aug 12, 2015 Marketplace's Shanghai correspondent says the Chinese economy's failures are progress.
Beijing to host the 2022 Winter Olympics
Kai Ryssdal
Interview by
Interview with
Jul 31, 2015 The country's economy is in a different place this time around.
Egypt bans some 'Made in China' souvenirs
Kimberly Adams
Jul 30, 2015 The move is aimed at protecting local artisans and their pricier items.
After riots, Baltimore liquor stores struggle to reopen
Amy Scott
Jul 28, 2015 The city is withholding emergency loans unless some stores change or relocate.
If China sneezes, does the U.S. catch a cold?
Sabri Ben-Achour
Jul 27, 2015 No — not yet.
US companies adjust to a more mature Chinese economy
Nancy Marshall-Genzer
Jul 23, 2015 Some Wall Street investors are leaving as China's growth slows.
Iran: Franchise frontier?
Kai Ryssdal
Jul 20, 2015 The queue is forming on McDonald's website for Tehran restaurants.
Iran wants new U.S. planes
Nancy Marshall-Genzer
Jul 17, 2015 Do American companies want to enter the Iranian airplane market?
Economic sanctions in Russia: Have they worked?
Molly Wood
Interview by
Jul 16, 2015 Molly Wood talks to Olga Smirnova of the BBC.
The rules governing the Chinese stock market
Linly Lin
Jul 15, 2015 The modern Chinese stock market is 25 years old, and it's having growing pains.


text:
Looking for something to cook? Find the recipes heard on ABC Goldfields here, or search ABC Local's database of 20,158 recipes.
Recipes from Goldfields WA
Latest Recipes
With a month of winter left, here is fresh fruity recipe to bring you comfort!Tuesday 4 August 2015 9:43am
Make the most of plums, with a myriad of varieties to choose from throughout their relatively short season.Friday 6 March 2015 11:51am
Take advantage of in season eggplant to make this French Provencal vegetable stew, which originated in Nice.Tuesday 3 February 2015 9:25am
The perfect chilled dessert for Christmas,Monday 8 December 2014 12:39pm
Kofta is a kind of spiced meatball or kebab that has Middle Eastern and Mediterrean variations.Thursday 13 November 2014 11:50am
'Asparagus inspires gentle thoughts', wrote the English essayist Charles Lamb. Inspired thoughts or otherwise, it is certainly t...Tuesday 7 October 2014 9:33am
A fresh, fruity take on a French classic.Tuesday 2 September 2014 8:00am
Beurre Bosc Pears are a real winter classic of a pear; rich, fragrant and brilliant for fresh eating and cooking, and delightful...Thursday 7 August 2014 9:24am
Make the most of seasonal Imperial Mandarins, which are at their flavoursome best from June to August and are noted for their ex...Thursday 3 July 2014 9:24am
Abundant during the cooler months, fresh silverbeet has dark green, ribbed leaves and a crisp, creamy white fleshy stem. Pair it...Tuesday 10 June 2014 2:35pm
ABC Open Pic of the WeekWhat's been happening this week? Get your story and photo published.
Mental As... talk. give. seek.Open your eyes to mental illness.
Explore ABC Goldfields WA by Topic
Latest videos
Latest audio
- Fiona Pemberton talks about the future management of Boulder Camp
- Ross Wood Goldfields, Rangelands, Nullarbor biosecurity association and Frank D'Emden from Precision agronomics Australia explain how drones will help
- Chelsea Hunter and Megan Mckee from Headspace in Kalgoorlie talk about their youth innovation grant
- John Welborn, managing director of Resolute mining and former professional rugby player, talks about the resources industry and change.


text:
Some Redskins fans have jumped off the Robert Griffin III bandwagon and onto the Kirk Cousins bandwagon
Originally posted on No Guts, No Glory | Last updated 9/16/13
The Redskins are 0-2 and in both games, Robert Griffin III played the same way: horribly in the 1st half only to recover in the 2nd half. Unfortunately, the Redskins have been unable to overcome Griffin III's horrible play in the 1st half and that's why they're winless at the moment. Normally when a quarterback is returning from major knee surgery like Griffin III, patience is the term used when talking about his performance. But with a capable Kirk Cousins standing on the sidelines in Washington, some Redskins fans don't want to hear about patience. Instead, they want Kirk Cousins in the game and Robert Griffin III out of the game. Dan Steinberg of DC Sports Bog chronicled how some fans reacted to Sunday's loss by sending in text messages to Comcast SportsNet's postgame show calling for Cousins to start. One fan points out that Griffin III looks scared: Another pleads for Cousin to start: And finally one last questions why Griffin III is even out there. My how things have change...
NFL News
Delivered to your inbox
You'll also receive Yardbarker's daily Top 10, featuring the best sports stories from around the web. Customize your newsletter to get articles on your favorite sports and teams. And the best part? It's free!
Follow us on Twitter
|Best of Yardbarker
|NFL News
|MLB News
Today's Best Stuff
For Publishers
Company Info
Follow Yardbarker
|© 2015 Yardbarker, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of these Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. (What's New?)


text:
YMMV: The Bionic Woman
- Adaptation Displacement: Each episode credits the show as being based upon Martin Caidin's novel Cyborg. But you'll never find Jaime Sommers in any of Caidin's books, as she was created by Kenneth Johnson. The credit for Caidin was mandated by the use of Oscar Goldman, Rudy Wells and the occasional appearance by Steve Austin, plus the fact the series continued the concept of bionics as established by Caidin in his original novel.
- Crowning Moment of Awesome: Many, such as the episode in which she outruns a 100 MPH race car, and another in which she tears a phone book in half to intimidate a group of unruly students.
- Idiot Ball: In "The Return of the Bionic Woman," Rudy and Oscar worriedly debate the dangers of treating Steve in the same hospital where they're hiding the secretly-alive Jaime. Perhaps parking Steve's gurney just outside Jaime's open door while they have this conversation isn't the smartest way to prevent Steve from noticing her.
- Kid-Appeal Character: Jaime's class of preteens. Since they figured into the story from the beginning, they don't count as Cousin Oliver...though you might think they did, considering the class actually included Cousin Oliver.
- Nightmare Fuel: The Fembots were quite freaky-looking when their faces got ripped off (which was often).
- Recycled Premise
- Recycled Script: As noted above, the series was guilty of this several times in its first season due to the extremely short notice given between its commissioning and its debut.
- Special Effect Failure


text:
Hello, I am looking to rehome my 4 year old Bengal cat. I have a second cat that has become very ill and I am unable to keep both cats. She is spayed, and declawed. I will need a vet reference in order for you to adopt her. Please contact for more information
Oct 2 -
Northern NJ :
Westwood - Cats & kittens
Siamese and Bengal cats and kittens for sale.
Sep 23 -
Albany :
East Berne - Cats & kittens
I was never an expert on cats before I got Zeke, I adopted him from family friends when they moved.. everyone was shocked to hear I adopted a bengal cat, as if it was this rare animal. I soon realized what the big fuss was about after a few days with Zeke. He's so lovable and smart! he loves the outdoors but doesn't go far which always amazed me, he loves laying out on the deck or around the ...
Sep 16 -
Boston :
Weymouth - Cats & kittens
Beautiful bengal and siamese kittens and older cats for sale
Please check our web:www.helderbergexoticcats.com
Aug 29 -
Albany :
East Berne - Cats & kittens
My family is looking to add a purebred Bengal kitten to our family. Male or female. Purebred only, papers would be nice if possible. Prefer the rosette or spotted patterns. We have no other pets, so he/she would have lots of love and attention. Kitten would strictly be an indoor cat, so litter box trained would be wonderful.
Willing to pay a rehoming fee.
Please email with pictures and ...
Aug 25 -
Albany :
Ballston Spa - Cats & kittens
I have 2 female bengal/tabby mixed 1 year old kittens. They are not spayed. They are both playful, gorgeous, soft furred, and active. They chirp at you to say good morning, and tap on your arms and legs when they want to be pet. It's adorable! Pumpkin and Paisley were born together as littermates and have been raised together as well. I would prefer that they go to a home together. If you ...
Aug 24 -
Philadelphia :
Philadelphia - Cats & kittens
Available Bengal kittens. Bengal cats TICA reg. Please send me message if you are interested.
Aug 23 -
New York City :
Brooklyn - Cats & kittens
Amazing Bengal kittens they were born June 11/15. All my cats TICA reg. If you are interested please text me or call on: 917-837-8771.
Aug 16 -
New York City :
Brooklyn - Cats & kittens
We'll be sending text message alerts for your subscription to


text:
High Bank Hotel
No prices found through our partners. Please contact the business directly or check some of our recommended alternatives.
How has this hotel rated in the past?
- Continental Breakfast
- Suites
- Non-smoking rooms
- Free High-Speed Internet
- Beverage Selection
- Free parking
Travelers also recommend:
TripAdvisor Reviews High Bank Hotel Leeds
Travel Blogs from Leeds
... the formal and informal gardens which had been created.
We went back to the car for a change of footwear before heading off along the Cleveland Way south along the coast. This walk is very spectacular and has great views of the countryside, sea and coast line. These cliffs (Hunt Cliff) are some of the highest in Britain and we reached around 100 metres above sea level before descending into Skinningrove and onto Cattersty Beach for a sit on the rocks and ...
Yorkshire water to Yorkshire tea
... park near the bridge. The clouds had rolled over by this time but the walk was at a very pleasant temperature. The walk was great with the main sound being the river as it fell over rocks and waterfalls.
We followed the river Wharfe and the Yorkshire Dales Way into Grassington and then on to Green Wood about a mile up river. We then cut onto the road and followed this back into Grassington and ...
The big trip
... without a clue in the world. We approached the woman behind the first desk, nose pierced, knotted hair and asked "we want to go travelling?" at first she didn't say anything, but her response was written all over her face "no ****". But in a more diplomatic answer she replies "where do you want to go?". To be honest we hadn't a clue, we filled our arms with all the brochures they had to offer, walked out and had a thorough read through. After much deliberation we set ...
Theatrical Days: Leeds 1970-73
... The Canterbury Tales (very enjoyable)
� Richard 111 (with Richard Briers in the lead role)
I wish I had seen more.
My big memory of the Leeds Grand is of a young Ian McKellen stealing the show in 'The Recruiting Officer'.
My big memory of the Leeds Civic is of 'King Lear' – but for the wrong reasons. It was a ****-poor production, far too ...
Train trip to Leeds
... around before catching a later train on to Leeds, but given her sore leg we decided to go through and check in to the hotel so she could rest it.
As it turned out, the train rapidly filled with young people with lots of beer (at 10.50am) drinking all the way to York for the York Races.
Yet another reason to just go straight to Leeds.
We checked into the ...


text:
Can you say power players? The film industry's biggest stars and executives work it at this year's blockbuster event.
CinemaCon 2012
13 / 32
CinemaCon 2012 - Day 3
LAS VEGAS, NV - APRIL 25: Directors Martin Scorsese (L) and Ang Lee speak during a filmmakers forum at Caesars Palace during CinemaCon, the official convention of the National Association of Theatre Owners, on April 25, 2012 in Las Vegas, Nevada. (Photo by Ethan Miller/Getty Images)


text:
Humanistic Nursing Theory: Application to hospice and palliative care
ABSTRACT This article presents a discussion of the relevance of Humanistic Nursing Theory to hospice and palliative care nursing.
The World Health Organization has characterized the need for expert, palliative and end-of-life care as a top priority for global health care. The specialty of hospice and palliative care nursing embraces a humanistic caring and holistic approach to patient care. As this resonates with Paterson and Zderad's Humanistic Nursing Theory, an understanding of hospice nurses' experiences can be investigated by application of relevant constructs in the theory.
This article is based on Paterson and Zderad's publications and other theoretical and research articles and books focused on Humanistic Nursing Theory (1976-2009), and data from a phenomenological study of the lived experience of Taiwanese hospice nurses conducted in 2007.
Theoretical concepts relevant to hospice and palliative nursing included moreness-choice, call-and-response, intersubjective transaction, uniqueness-otherness, being and doing and community.
The philosophical perspectives of Humanistic Nursing Theory are relevant to the practice of hospice and palliative care nursing. By 'being with and doing with', hospice and palliative nurses can work with patients to achieve their final goals in the last phase of life.
Use of core concepts from Humanistic Nursing Theory can provide a unifying language for planning care and describing interventions. Future research efforts in hospice and palliative nursing should define and evaluate these concepts for efficacy in practice settings.
- [Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The practice of nursing has a duty to educate, communicate, and resource patients and families during the period in which the solution to an ethical dilemma is predetermined by evidence-based practice. Clearly, there is a gap in the quality of care provided or the interpretation of the quality of care being provided during difficult ethical situations requiring a systematic change to increase patient and family comfort and satisfaction.JONA'S healthcare law, ethics and regulation 10/2012; 14(4):115-21. DOI:10.1097/NHL.0b013e31827437bf
Article: A Qualitative Exploration of Perceived Key Knowledge and Skills in End-of-Life Care in Dementia Patients among Medical, Nursing, and Pharmacy Students[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Background: The steady increase in the number of people living and dying with dementia, coupled with the recent focus on quality of care, has highlighted the importance of dementia training for health care professionals. This exploratory study aimed to discover which skills health care students felt were important in providing quality end-of-life care to dementia patients. Methods: Ninety-four medicine, nursing, and pharmacy students participated in a larger study using open-ended and closed questions to explore attitudes related to caring for dementia patients at the end of life. This study looks at the student responses to an open-ended question regarding the skills and knowledge they believe are needed to provide end-of-life care to dementia patients. Individual responses were reviewed by the researchers, coded into key issues, and tabulated for frequency of occurrences and group differences. Results: Several common issues emerged: knowledge, patience, empathy, understanding, family involvement, compassion, medication knowledge, respect/patient autonomy, communication, quality of life, and patient education. Significant differences were observed among the participant groups on the following issues: Patience and understanding (pharmacy students mentioned these issues less frequently than medical and nursing students), compassion (medical students mentioned this issue more frequently than pharmacy students), and medication knowledge (pharmacy students mentioned this issue more frequently than medical and nursing students). Conclusions: Different health care disciplines (in-training) value different skill sets for the provision of dementia care at the end-of-life. As health care education for dementia patients at the end of life is expanded, it will be important to understand which skills both patients and health care students value.Journal of Palliative Medicine 06/2014; 18(1). DOI:10.1089/jpm.2014.0029 · 1.91 Impact Factor
Article: Autonomy and dependence: a discussion paper on decision-making in teenagers and young adults undergoing cancer treatment[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A discussion which aims to explore the diversity of decision-making during teenage and young adult cancer treatment. The discussion will be related to the concepts of autonomy, dependence and decision-making in this age group. The experience of cancer involves a significant series of treatment decisions. However, other non-treatment decisions also have to be made which can relate to any aspect of everyday life. These decisions occur against the backdrop of young people's disease experience. Discussion paper. A literature search for the period 1990-2013 was undertaken. This included searching the following databases: Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), SCOPUS, Medline, DARE, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), (Psych Info) and The Cochrane Library. There is a lack of evidence into the experience of everyday decisions made by young people during cancer treatment. This may affect them in the form of unmet needs that nurses, or other professionals, fail to appreciate. Further exploration of how teenagers and young adults experience the range and process of decision-making during cancer treatment could be useful in helping to provide effective supportive care for this age group. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Journal of Advanced Nursing 04/2015; 71(9). DOI:10.1111/jan.12669 · 1.74 Impact Factor


text: First off I would to like to say a big thank you to Tom and Theresa for a lovely two night stay and making us feel very welcome. Even after we initially booked Tom was extremely helpful and give us the best tips and advice for directions and recommendations on the must see things to do in Yosemite. In terms...more