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Attorney Tom Ryan filed an official complaint today with Attorney General Mark Brnovich's office to remove Corporation Commissioner Susan Bitter Smith from office.Read More »
Tag Archives: Corporation CommissionFeed Subscription
Solar advocacy group to stay out of Corporation Commission elections
The solar advocacy group The Alliance for Solar Choice will voluntarily stay out of Arizona Corporation Commission elections due to a request from regulators last week.Read More »
2 regulators: APS and solar companies should stay out of 2016 elections
Arizona Corporation Commissioners Susan Bitter Smith and Bob Burns want public service corporations and other entities, including solar companies, to "voluntarily refrain" from making campaign contributions that affect Corporation Commission races.Read More »
Attorney seeks ouster of Bitter Smith over alleged conflict of interest
A prominent lawyer is seeking the removal of energy regulator Susan Bitter Smith from the Arizona Corporation Commission and is set to formally accuse the commissioner of violating the state's conflict of interest statutes.Read More »
Massive solar fee increase to be considered this year
Arizona Public Service will move forward with its proposal to more than quadruple the monthly fee charged to homeowners with solar panels now instead of waiting until next year when regulators will evaluate the company's entire rate structure.Read More »
Sun City lawmaker to run for Corporation Commission
Rep. Rick Gray, R-Sun City, is running for a seat on the Arizona Corporation Commission. Gray filed paperwork today to run for the office.Read More »
Appellate court rules in favor of counting trash-burning as renewable source
The Court of Appeals yesterday ruled in favor of the Arizona Corporation Commission, reversing a lower court's decision and confirming the commission's authority to count energy from a proposed trash-burning facility as a renewable source.Read More »
Commissioner's phone handed over to AG's office
The Attorney General's office took custody of Corporation Commissioner Bob Stump's cell phone to review as part of the agency's whistleblower investigation into former Commissioner Gary Pierce.Read More »
Now what? Phoenix police won't do analysis of commissioner's phone
The Phoenix Police Department won't be handling the forensic analysis of Corporation Commissioner Bob Stump's phone to see if any text messages are retrievable.Read More »
DPS experts will examine Stump's phone for deleted texts
The Corporation Commission will extract text messages from Commissioner Bob Stump's phone on Friday, using an expert from the Department of Public Safety overseen by a retired judge.Read More »


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5 bed detached villa for sale
4 bed detached house for sale
£895,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £895,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale Struie, Abbotsford Road, North Berwick, East LothianA substantial and perfectly located detached house providing bright, generously proportioned and flexible accommodation, finished to a high specification. Quietly tucked away, occupying a prime position on the edge of the town with an open pastoral outlook towards Berwick Law. (contd...) More details ›
£825,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £825,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale The Village, Archerfield, Dirleton, East LothianOutstanding family home with spacious, flexible accommodation and open views to the Dirleton Links golf course More details ›
£825,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £825,000
5 bedroom detached house for sale The Village, Archerfield, Dirleton, East LothianAn impressive country house providing bright, generously proportioned and free flowing accommodation, finished to an exceptional standard. Standing within its own gardens and grounds that extend to approximately 0.7 acres (0.3 ha), in total. Additional benefits include a (contd...) More details ›
£750,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £750,000
3 bedroom semi-detached house for sale Inchgarry House, Links Road, North Berwick, East Lothian, EH39Principal wing of house with exceptional views to Fife and the Bass Rock More details ›
£660,000 Fixed Price
Fixed Price £660,000
4 bedroom detached house for sale The Crossways, Dirleton Road, , North Berwick, EH39 5DFThe Crossways is a substantial extended house on the western outskirts of North Berwick; it lies on a large plot and has an open outlook to the north towards the coast. The house is tastefully decorated and features solid wood floors, designer radiators and good attention to detail. The result is... More details ›
£650,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £650,000
4 bedroom detached house for sale The Hollies, 4 Abbotsford Park, North Berwick, East Lothian, EH39 5DASuperb 4 bedroom detached house in unique setting with double garage and fine gardens More details ›
£575,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £575,000
3 bedroom farm for sale Congalton Gardens Farmhouse, Congalton, North Berwick, East LothianCongalton Gardens Farmhouse is of stone construction beneath a slate roof and is located in a private location about 4 miles from North Berwick The farmhouse extends to about 2789 square feet including an adjacent two room office which could be incorporated in to the main house (contd...) More details ›
£535,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £535,000
3 bedroom flat for sale Lower Oranmore, 15 Cromwell Road, North Berwick, East Lothian, EH39 4LZDelightful 3 bedroom period ground floor apartment with garden, garage & outbuildings More details ›
£530,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £530,000
4 bedroom terraced house for sale 4 Waughton Steading, East Linton, East Lothian, EH40 3DYRarely available Steading conversion in beautiful countryside setting More details ›
Added on 18/08/2015 by McEwan Fraser Legal, Scotland. Call: 0131 291 0136 Local call rate
£525,000 Offers Over
Offers Over £525,000
4 bedroom detached house for sale Woodhaven, 69 Dirleton Avenue, North Berwick, East Lothian, EH39 4QLImpressive 4 bedroom detached house with mature gardens and garage More details ›
Thank you.
Your information has been sent to 0 out of 11 agents and developers who have property to sell in the area you specified.

subset: commoncrawl


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With increased mobility in the workforce, the market for remote support solutions has increased by 35% in the last year and as demand for these solutions increases, so do the options for service providers. <p> This whitepaper provides key features an IT decision maker should look for when selecting a remote support solution such as core functionality, usability, customisation, security, scalability and deployment model.
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Tim Cleans Out His Closet for Charity
Tim McGraw will auction off items from his personal wardrobe on myQlu.com to benefit the Tug McGraw Foundation and Tim's Neighbor's Keeper Foundation.
Tim's auction will feature more than 140 items from his wardrobe, including his Gucci suede jacket, signature stage cotton ribs and tee shirts, Calvin Klein and Versace dress shirts and more. QLu, a web-based, philanthropic organization, will present Tim with the tally of donations from the auction at the annual Denim & Diamonds Gala: An Evening With Tim McGraw and Friends, Nov. 2, in St. Louis.


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Girls Golf
By Joe Ostrica
Last year the Avon and Avon Lake girls golf teams won their league titles, in the West Shore Conference and Southwestern Conference, respectively. With Avon joining the SWC this season, the conference crown is likely going to come down between both teams. The SWC girls golf championship tournament is scheduled to take place today at Sweetbriar Golf Course.
As of Monday, Avon was …Read More


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Articles by
Rabbi Moses ben Maimon (Maimonides, Rambam) was a 12th century Jewish philosopher, codifier, commentator and physician. He is best known for his codification of Jewish law (Mishneh Torah), his philosophical writings (Moreh Nevuchim/Guide for the Perplexed) and his Thirteen Principles of Faith.
To be honest, I'm not sure I would have answered Sean's initial message on JDate (I thought it was one of those mass message emails), so it really is fate that we happened to be online at the same time that cold January night when he IM'd me.
Summer has officially arrived and that means longer days, later nights and a lot of icy-cold white wine. Whether you're out on a first date, planning your future on a fortuitous fifth date, or cozying up with a long-time lover, there is a great big world of white wine out there.
"When Av enters, we must lessen our rejoicing," declare the Talmudic sages in Ta'anit 26b.
In truth, however, this period of "sadness" begins on the Fast of the 17th of Tammuz (observed yesterday) and lasts exactly three weeks – until Tisha B'Av (the Ninth of Av), the day on which we mourn the destruction of both the First and Second Temples.
Who says you have to go out to have fun? My girls and I had a blast last week when we all got together for a special "Girls' Night In." We planned a fun evening filled with wine, facials and JDating®! Yes, you read that correctly, we scheduled a night just for us girls to get together and help each other with our online dating profiles. If you're ready for some quality time with your favorite girl posse, then read on to discover a fun online twist to the traditional girls' night out!
Astrology 411: We've all got a lot to do before Mercury goes retrograde on July 14th. Big things are in store for one sign, but that ambitious fire sign needs to do a little 'emotional' cleaning before anything good can happen. For another sign, it's time to part with anything (or anyone) they've been holding on to for unhealthy reasons because Venus (the planet of love) is giving them a second chance! Read on to discover how Mercury and its retrograde will affect you this month!
Navigating the many choices that you make on a date can often be like ordering off your favorite menu. From what to wear to what to say, matchmaker Janis Spindel has the recipe for success!
The history of the conversos, those Spanish and Portuguese Jews who hid their identities by publicly behaving as observant Catholics, is tragic not only for the horrible auto-de-fes (mass executions at which those convicted of heresy were burned at the stake), but also for the fear and instability with which these hidden Jews lived. Conversos who managed to leave Spain or Portugal, often had to flee the next country of residence in fear of the Inquisition that often followed recent Spanish conquests. The same story was played out in Europe, India, South America and even in colonial Georgia.
Brad Pitt, Matthew McConaughey, George Clooney; I'm sure you are all really nice people, and I mean that. However, you are making the online dating lives of men who want to get into serious relationships around the world much more difficult. I know it's not your fault; you're just acting the parts that were written for you. Still, the problem is that women see your movies and expect these hopeless romantic stories to become their reality.
Mordecai Sheftall (1737-1797), the son of Benjamin and Perla Sheftall, emigrants from England, was born in Savannah, Georgia. A successful self-made merchant-come-landholder, Mordecai was active in colonial politics. His position on the Parochial Committee (and one-time chairman) made him easily identifiable as an independent minded rebel to any British official. When the hostilities between the British and the colonists eventually turned to war, Sheftall was appointed commissary-general and eventually the "Deputy Commissary of Issues in South Carolina and Georgia." He was commissioned as a colonel, the highest ranking Jewish officer in America.


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Articles tagged jeffs
2 Jul 2010 // 8:30 AM
In this documentary about boys exiled from Warren Jeff's fundamentalist Mormon cult, one notes that, "For [my family] it would have been better for me to die than to leave."READ more
//Mixed media
The Singles "Sweet Tooth" (audio) (premiere) // Music
A Fragile Tomorrow 'Make Me Over' (album stream) (premiere) // Music
Disclosure "Magnets" ft. Lorde (Singles Going Steady) // Music
Bloc Party "The Love Within" (Singles Going Steady) // Music
//Pm Picks
// Notes from the Road
"There's a preciousness to McCarter and the rest of the mostly young band. You want to freeze the moment, to make sure they are taking it all in too. Because it's going to change.READ the article


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u really fucked that doll pussy good man,u r one hot loaded stud, u got a sexy tight ass and a big dick, and r fit as fuck, u hot stud - u hot fukkin stud!
Thanks for helping us associate the correct Pornstars to this video!
Aidez-nous : ces acteurs/actrices porno apparaissent-ils/elles dans cette vidéo ?
Pornstar Name:
Thanks for helping us sort this video!
Tous les commentaires (47)
u really fucked that doll pussy good man,u r one hot loaded stud, u got a sexy tight ass and a big dick, and r fit as fuck, u hot stud - u hot fukkin stud!
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anyone else noticed that all these doll sex vids they guy always ends up in the dolls asshole?
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most perfect video there is.... gets me everytime


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ContentNews Features Press Releases Solicitations Events
Where Is Jake Ellis? #2
Story By: Nathan Edmondson
Art By: Tonci Zonjic
Published: December 19, 2012
Diamond ID: OCT120548
CHAPTER SEVEN Jon must use all of his ingenuity to escape Bangkok and the ruthless hunter pursuing him - but can Jon make it on his own?
Digital : $1.99
Collected Editions
Where is Jake Ellis? #4 (of 5)
Published: August 13, 2014
Where is Jake Ellis? #1 (of 5)
Published: November 14, 2012


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Funding via Edpyme Alternativa
Bibiana now wants to improve her livestock and increase her herds so that she can earn more income. This is her third loan with MFP. Throughout this entire time, she has demonstrated that she is punctual and responsible. Most of all, she enjoys being a member of the "Virgen del Rosario" Communal Bank because her group consists of supportive individuals who possess an enterprising spirit. Bibiana will invest her loan in the purchase of chickens and guinea pigs so that she can acquire more livestock.
Success!! The loan was 100% repaid


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More Golden Retriever Puppies and Dogs for sale.
AKC Dark Gold Field Golden Retrieve... Sutter Bay's Retriever Junction in Albany, Oregon
Started female Golden Retriever MapleHills Kennel in Clayton, Wisconsin
Field Bred Golden Puppies Wildfire Goldens in Montgomery, Minnesota
Golden Retrievers for any game you ... Gold Eagle Retrievers in Marshfield, Wisconsin
JH Sired AKC Golden Retriever Femal... LISH KENNELS in Arimo, Idaho
Golden Retriever Puppies!!!!! Nelson kennel in Ramsey, Minnesota
Brokensky's Mojo sires first litter Broken Sky Kennels in Bridgeport, Nebraska
Field Golden Puppies Due Kelakye Goldens in Chenoa, Illinois
MALE GOLDEN RETRIEVER PUP Availalb... Shorewood Retrievers in Minocqua, Wisconsin
~GOLDEN RETRIEVER LITTER DUE MID-OC... Katian Kennels in Angleton, Texas
4 month old pick male Fireside Retrievers in Keysville, Virginia
Field Bred Male Golden Retriever Broken Sky Kennels in Bridgeport, Nebraska
Field Bred Golden Retriever Litter Sobotka's Golden Retrievers in Laurens, Iowa
Two dark female Field Bred Goldens Wildfire Goldens in Montgomery, Minnesota
Started Field Breed Male & Female Wildfire Goldens in Montgomery, Minnesota
Available Labor Day Weekend Sept 5,... Shorewood Retrievers in Minocqua, Wisconsin
7 Week Old Male Avlailable Now - Golden Retrievers in Minocqua, Wisconsin - Shorewood Retrievers
Ridgeway Gold Digger Jh x Shorewoods Mama Bear 7 males / 2 females will be ready to go home April 10, 2013. Griz is medium dark gold, weighs 49 pounds, is great in the house, with our young grandchildren, and with other dogs. She has a lot of drive in the field and trains very easily. This is her first litter.
The Sire is Ridgeway's Gold Digger or Digger is dark gold, weighs 60 pounds, lives in the house with his owner and several other Golden Retrievers and a Labrador Retriever. Digger is a high drive male who is retired from field trials and now lives at home and hunts pheasant and waterfowl with his owner.
As always we strive to find the best Sire possible to compliment our Dams best traits; Health Trainabilty Intelligence, Work in the Field and Water, & Willingness to Please.
Sire and Dams have OFA clearances. Pups have dew claws removed, wormed twice, and have first vaccination. Pups have 26 month health guarantee.
Pups are $1,000
Ad location: Minocqua, Wisconsin
Ad created: Apr 05, 2013
Contact Information
Contact Name: Gordon Murray
708-946-6704Contact breeder through email Click here to visit website
Shorewood Retrievers Breeder Information


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Hi, all.
Is a sticky post supposed to also appear again in it's regular dated order?
I made a post sticky in March, and it's still stuck first on my blog, but I just now noticed it's on my blog AGAIN, further down on another page, in it's regular date order.
I don't remember it being there before, but I could be wrong?
Thanks for any help.


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Die Wirkung der G�tterDe Gruyter 2012; US$ 154.00
The modern viewer is familiar with winged human figures in pictures, above all angels. Winged figures are also frequent on Greek vases. However, here, theymust be seenin a very different cultural and, above all, religious context. What is their meaning in these contexts, and what does this tell us about how the pictures are to be understood... more...
A Potter's WorkbookUniversity of Iowa Press 2012; US$ 26.00
In A Potter's Workbook, renowned studio potter and teacher Clary Illian presents a textbook for the hand and the mind. Her aim is to provide a way to see, to make, and to think about the forms of wheel-thrown vessels; her information and inspiration explain both the mechanics of throwing and finishing pots made simply on the wheel and the principles... more...
Il mondo del vaso ChigiDe Gruyter 2013; US$ 154.00
This book analyses the stylistic, iconografic and historical aspects of the Chigi olpe, the famous Protocorinthian vase dating back as early as ca. 650 BC. Its iconographic program conveys the ideology and the historical context of the Corinthians who used the olpe in their symposia: the question is which society was mirrored in it, as... more...
Greek Painted PotteryTaylor and Francis 2013; US$ 51.95
Greek Painted Pottery has been used by classics and classical archaeology students for some thirty years. It thoroughly examines all painted pottery styles from the Protogeometric to the Hellenistic period from all areas of Greece and from the colonies in parts of Italy. In each case it covers the development of iconography and the use of colour,... more...
Athenian Potters and Painters Volume IIOxbow Books 2009; US$ 70.00
This volume presents the proceedings of the second Athenian Potters and Painters conference, which was held at the American School of Classical Studies, Athens 2007. Together with the 1994 conference (Volume I, Oxbow 1997), these are the first of their kind - focusing purely on Athenian pottery and addressing key aspects of its study. The thirty-two... more...
Conservation and Restoration of CeramicsTaylor and Francis 2014; US$ 136.95
The Conservation and Restoration of Ceramics brings together the wide range of current information relevant to the practising conservator. The book opens with a discussion of the fundamental nature of the ceramic medium, information which is of primary importance when selecting treatments or considering preventive conservation measures. Details on... more...
Myth Into ArtTaylor and Francis 2002; US$ 46.95
Myth into Art is a comparative study of mythological narrative in Greek poetry and the visual arts. Thirty of the major myths are surveyed, focusing on Homer, lyric poetry and Attic tragedy. On the artistic side, the emphasis is on Athenian and South Italian vases. The book offers undergraduate students an introduction both to mythology and to the... more...
The Portland VaseHarperCollins 2009; US$ 12.99
For thousands of years an enigmatic and astonishingly beautiful piece of Roman art has captivated those who have come in contact with it.Made before the birth of Christ, the Portland Vase, as it is called, is renowned for both its beauty and its mystery. In The Portland Vase , Robin Brooks takes us on a vivid journey across Europe and through the... more...
Blanc de ChineTaylor and Francis 2013; US$ 54.95
Dehua porcelain, or Blanc de Chine as it is known in the West, is pure ivory-white porcelain made at the Dehua kilns in the southern Chinese province of Fujian. It rose to international significance in the 17th century and inspired aristocratic patronage in the development of European porcelain. Its popularity at home and abroad continued and the kilns... more...
Clarice CliffOsprey Publishing 2011; US$ 9.95
There are few pieces of pottery more recognizable than those designed by Clarice Cliff. For many the epitome of Art Deco, and 1930s style, characterised by bold color and lines, geometric shapes, and stylized representations of the countryside, Clarice Cliff's 'Bizarre' pottery is widely collected all over the world. This book traces the story of... more...


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Nashville acquires D Michael Del Zotto from Rangers
The trade winds had been blowing for some time around Rangers defenseman Michael Del Zotto, and they finally blew him right out of the Big Apple. Today, New York dealt their former first-round pick (No. 20, 2008) to the Nashville Predators, in exchange for veteran blueliner Kevin Klein.
Del Zotto is a talented puck-moving defenseman who seemed to have fallen out of favor in New York. Since setting career highs in 2011-12 with 10 goals, 31 assists, 41 points and a +20 rating, "MDZ" seemed to suffer a decline in play, and was called out by new head coach Alain Vigneault earlier in the year. Del Zotto did not become a "much better player", and with only two goals, 11 points and a -5 rating through 42 games this year, he was shipped off to the Predators.
There's a solid chance Del Zotto can regain his '11-'12 form in Nashville- head coach Barry Trotz's system produces a lot of offense from the blueline, and should allow Del Zotto to flourish. He's the left-handed shot they wanted to complement right-shooting defensemen like Shea Weber and Ryan Ellis, and should see time across from either one of those two on even strength as well as on the power-play.
Meanwhile, the Rangers pick up Kevin Klein, a veteran defender who is by no means a greybeard at 29 years of age. He was a second-round draft choice of the Predators back in 2003, sandwiched between Ryan Suter (No. 7) and Weber (No. 49), which turned out to be a strong draft class for Nashville on the back end. While Klein doesn't match his draft-mates' offensive production, he is an aggressive, defensive-defenseman who can capably fill a role on one of the bottom two defensive pairings in New York.


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Page 1
Deconstructing major depression: a validation study of the DSM-
IV symptomatic criteria
V. Lux1 and K. S. Kendler2,*
1 Department of Psychology, Free University Berlin, Germany
2 Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics and Departments of Psychiatry and
Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
Background—The DSM-IV symptomatic criteria for major depression (MD) derive primarily
from clinical experience with modest empirical support.
Method—The sample studied included 1015 (518 males, 497 females) Caucasian twins from a
population-based registry who met criteria for MD in the year prior to the interview. Logistic
regression analyses were conducted to compare the associations of: (1) single symptomatic
criterion, (2) two groups of criteria reflecting cognitive and neurovegetative symptoms, with a
wide range of potential validators including demographic factors, risk for future episodes, risk of
MD in the co-twin, characteristics of the depressive episode, the pattern of co-morbidity and
personality traits.
Results—The individual symptomatic criteria showed widely varying associations with the
pattern of co-morbidity, personality traits, features of the depressive episode and demographic
characteristics. When examined separately, these two criteria groups showed robust differences in
their patterns of association, with the validators with the cognitive criteria generally producing
stronger associations than the neurovegetative.
Conclusions—Among depressed individuals, individual DSM-IV symptomatic criteria differ
substantially in their predictive relationship with a range of clinical validators. These results
challenge the equivalence assumption for the symptomatic criteria for MD and suggest a more
than expected degree of ' covert ' heterogeneity among these criteria. Part of this heterogeneity is
captured by the distinction between cognitive versus neurovegetative symptoms, with cognitive
symptoms being more strongly associated with most clinically relevant characteristics. Detailed
psychometric evaluation of DSM-IV criteria is overdue.
Criteria symptoms; DSM-IV; heterogeneity; major depression; psychiatric diagnosis
A key component of the current approach to the diagnosis of major depression (MD) in
DSM-IV is the symptomatic or 'A' criteria. These nine criteria ('depressed mood', ' loss of
*Address for correspondence: Dr K. S. Kendler, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Box 980126, Richmond, VA 23298–0126, USA. (firstname.lastname@example.com).
Declaration of Interest
NIH Public Access
Author Manuscript
Psychol Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 October 1.
Published in final edited form as:
Psychol Med. 2010 October ; 40(10): 1679–1690. doi:10.1017/S0033291709992157.
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
NIH-PA Author Manuscript
Page 2
interest ', 'appetite or weight change', 'hyper- or insomnia', 'psychomotor agitation or
retardation ', ' fatigue ', ' feelings of worthlessness or guilt ', 'diminished ability to think or
concentrate or indecisiveness' and ' suicidal ideation or thoughts of death') derive, with only
modest alteration, from the list of symptoms proposed in the Feighner et al. (1972) criteria.
These criteria were created by consensus of senior clinicians at Washington University in
the early 1970s and were particularly influenced by a study by Cassidy et al. (1957) that
analyzed symptom frequencies in manic-depressive patients as compared with those with
medical illnesses (Cassidy et al. 1957; Zimmerman et al. 2006b; Kendler et al. 2009). The
symptoms included in the Cassidy study were, in turn, partly based on those utilized in a
1950 report, which examined symptoms in 50 cases of melancholia (Stone & Burris, 1950).
Since then, many studies have examined the diagnostic reliability of this classification (for
example, Spitzer & Fleiss, 1974; Spitzer et al. 1978; Keller et al. 1995), the differentiation
between clinical and sub-clinical depression (for example, Kendler & Gardner, 1998; Parker
et al. 1998), the validity of subtypes (Frances et al. 1990; Kendler et al. 1996; Schotte et al.
1997; Chen et al. 2000; Sullivan et al. 2002; Carragher et al. 2009) and the relationship
between single symptoms and depressive subtypes with severity of MD (Faravelli et al.
1996). By contrast, we are aware of only two studies that have addressed, even indirectly,
the validity of these widely used symptomatic criteria for MD (McGlinchey et al. 2006;
Zimmerman et al. 2006a). Both concluded that further efforts at validation were needed.
Zimmerman et al. (2006a) examined the content validity of the DSM-IV classification of
MD and found the criteria were somewhat redundant. The same research group examined
the ability of single depressive symptoms to differentiate between patients with and without
a diagnosis of MD and found that the individual criterion performed quite differently in this
regard (McGlinchey et al. 2006).
In this report, we examine the validity of the DSMIV symptomatic criteria for MD in a
sample of ~1000 cases of MD reported in the last year in a population-based cohort of twins
(Kendler & Prescott, 2006). First, we examine the ability of individual criterion to predict
uniquely a broad set of validators, including risk of MD in co-twin, demographic
characteristics, lifetime co-morbidities, characteristics at index episode, prior depression
history and risk for future episodes. Based on these results, we then aggregate two sets of
symptomatic MD criteria 'A' and compare their performance on the same set of validators.
Sample and measurements
Participants in this report derive from two interrelated studies in Caucasian same-sex twin
pairs from the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
(VATSPSUD) (Kendler & Prescott, 2006). All subjects were ascertained from the Virginia
Twin Registry – a population-based register formed from a systematic review of birth
certificates in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Female–female (FF) twin pairs, from birth
years 1934–1974, became eligible if both members previously responded to a mailed
questionnaire in 1987–1988, the response rate to which was ~64%. The first face-to-face
interview (FF1) was completed by 92% (n=2163) of the eligible twins. These twins
participated in three subsequent interviews with cooperation rates ranging from 85 to 93%.
Participating twin pairs were identified for the male–male and male–female (MMMF) cohort
from twins with birth years from 1940–1974 initially ascertained directly from registry
records. The first MMMF interview (MMMF1) was conducted by telephone with a response
rate of 72% (n=6812). This sample was re-interviewed once with an 83% response rate.
Zygosity was determined by discriminate function analyses using standard twin questions
validated against DNA genotyping in 496 pairs (Kendler & Prescott, 1999).
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MD diagnoses were based on a module in the FF1 and MMMF1, where every subject was
asked whether they experienced each of the disaggregated criteria symptoms for DSM-IV
MD in the year prior to the interview. Separate questions were asked for psychomotor
agitation and retardation, insomnia and hypersomnia, weight loss and gain and appetite
increase and decrease.
DSM-IV criteria for last-year MD were met by 217 twins from the FF1 and 798 twins from
the MMMF1 interviews, prevalence rates are 10% [95% confident interval (CI) 8.8–11.4%]
in the FF1 and 11.7% (95% CI 11.0–12.5%) in the first interview of male–female twins. Of
these 1015 twins, 518 were males and 497 were females. At the time of the first interview,
their ages ranged from 18 to 57 years with a mean of 34.5. There were 83 twin pairs, with
both twins diagnosed with MD, and two more pairs from two triplets who were diagnosed
with MD.
For our first analysis, we created binary dummy variables for each of the nine criteria,
indicating the presence of each as part of the depressive syndrome. For the disaggregated
criteria, it was counted present when at least one of the disaggregated symptoms was
reported (e.g. 'weight loss ' for appetite/weight change). In addition, a criterion was not
counted as part of the depressive syndrome when reported due to medication or illness.
For comparing the two symptom groups – cognitive and neurovegetative – we counted the
number of endorsed symptoms separately for each group. Cognitive symptoms included
'depressed mood', ' loss of interest ', 'worthlessness/guilt ' and ' suicidal ideation ' and
neurovegetative symptoms included ' sleep', 'appetite/weight', 'psychomotor' changes and
' fatigue'. 'Trouble concentrating ' was excluded from this analysis (see Results for details).
The VATSPSUD includes a rich set of data about future episodes, co-twin history of MD,
lifetime comorbidities, demographic characteristics and characteristics of the index
depressive episode (Kendler & Prescott, 2006). For demographic characteristics,
characteristics of the index depressive episode and last year co-morbidity with general
anxiety disorder (GAD), the data came from the same interview wave. For future episodes,
depressive episodes of the co-twin and all other co-morbidities, data were obtained from all
interview waves to maximize available information.
GAD was diagnosed using the DSM-III-R criteria (APA, 1987) requiring a minimum of 1
month duration. Panic disorder was also diagnosed using the DSM-III-R criteria. We also
examined a broad definition of panic ('panic broad'), for which the only criterion was a
positive response to a probe question for lifetime panic attacks ('Thinking back over your
entire life, have you ever had a spell or attack when you suddenly felt frightened or
extremely uncomfortable in a situation in which you didn't expect to feel that way?'). Real
danger or clear phobic stimuli were excluded. 'Any phobia' was diagnosed using an
adaptation of DSM-III criteria (APA 1980) requiring one or more unreasonable fears,
including fears of different animals, social phobia and agoraphobia that objectively
interfered with the respondent's life. Nicotine dependence was defined as a score ≥7 on the
Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (Fagerström, 1978) and alcohol dependence and illicit
drug dependence were diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria (APA, 1994). Adult antisocial
personality traits were defined as meeting three or more of the DSMIII-R (APA, 1987) 'C
criteria ' for antisocial personality disorder. Extraversion was assessed with eight and
neuroticism with 12 items from the short form of the self-administered Eysenck Personality
Questionnaire (Eysenck et al. 1985). For 'co-occurring anxiety symptoms' we used a binary
variable indicating whether the respondent endorsed at least one of two anxiety symptoms
for which we had separate questions: ' felt anxious, nervous or worried' and 'muscles felt
tense or felt jumpy or shaky inside ' lasting at least 5 days in the last year prior to the
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interview. 'Chronic MD' was defined as a depressive episode lasting 12 months or longer.
For 'something happened before the depressive episode', we used a question asking whether
'something happened to make you feel that way or did the feeling just come on you "out of
the blue"?' for the worst depressive episode in the last year. 'Seeking help' was assessed by
a question asking whether the respondent went to get help from health professionals,
ministers, self-help groups or anyone else. Finally, childhood sexual abuse was defined by a
positive response to the question: 'Have you ever been sexually abused or molested? ' and
when the abuse happened before the age of 16 years.
Data analysis
We conducted logistic regression analyses with the LOGISTIC function in SAS (SAS
Institute, 2005). Our approach was to compare the odds ratios (ORs) of each test to examine
possible patterns of differences, with the p values indicating the general probability of
results arising from chance. (For our approach to the question of multiple testing, see
Limitations.) For the first set of analyses, the validator variable functioned as dependent
variable while the dummy variable representing that the specific symptom was part of the
syndrome was the predictor variable. For the second set of analyses, which compared the
two symptom groups, the number of cognitive or number of neurovegetative symptoms was
the predictor variable. Depending on the validator variable, we fitted a binary or cumulative
logit model to the data, with age and sex as covariates. In addition, we included the number
of positive criteria symptoms as a covariate in the model when comparing the single
symptoms with control for the overall clinical severity of the depressive episode as indexed
by the number of endorsed criteria. When we examined the two symptom groups, the
symptom counts for both groups were included in the model to get the unique predictive
power for the cognitive and the neurovegetative symptom count controlling for the number
of symptoms endorsed in the other symptom group. In addition, we also tested if the
observed differences in the odds ratios between both groups were significant using the TEST
statement of the LOGISTIC procedure in SAS (SAS Institute, 2005).
When risk of MD in co-twin was the dependent variable, zygosity was included as covariate
in the model. p Values are reported two-tailed except for risk of MD in co-twin, where we
report one-tailed values, given the prior prediction of twin resemblance.
In interpreting these results, it is important to note that the first set of analyses that examined
individual criterion controlled for total number of endorsed symptoms. In these analyses, an
OR <1 would indicate that compared with all subjects who endorsed n criteria, those who
endorsed symptom X predicted the validator more poorly. However, in our analyses of
criterion groups, controlling for number of endorsed symptoms had the undesirable effect of
causing a strong negative correlation between the predictive effects of the two symptom
groups. Therefore, in these analyses, where we did not control for total endorsed criteria, we
would expect nearly all ORs to be positive as more symptoms tend to predict these
validators. Our goal here was to compare the strength of the observed positive ORs between
the two symptom groups.
Logistic regression analyses of single symptoms
The first nine columns of Table 1 show the results from the logistic regression analyses of
the nine A criteria with each of the 25 validator variables. ORs, 95% CI and levels of
statistical significance are presented, controlling for age, sex and the total number of
endorsed criteria. For the cumulative logit models, the ORs reflect the impact of a 1 S.D.
change in the dependent variable.
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In total, 36 of the 225 analyses (16%) were statistically significant (p<0.05), far in excess of
chance expectations (Feild & Armenakis, 1974). Loss of interest was the symptom with the
fewest (only one) and suicidal ideation was the symptom with the most significant results
(nine). The means (S.D.) of the ORs for the nine criteria across all the analyses ranged from
1.99 (1.18) for depressed mood to 1.17 (0.14) for trouble concentrating.
These results reveal a pattern of relationships between the criteria and the validators that was
unexpectedly complex and variable. Of the diverse set of findings, nine were noteworthy.
Regarding co-morbidities with anxiety disorders, psychomotor agitation/retardation
predicted comorbidity with GAD and was strongly positive associated with
prominent anxiety symptoms, whereas appetite/weight change was negative
associated with the anxiety symptoms. In addition, suicidal ideation positively
predicted fully syndromal panic disorder.
With regard to co-morbidities with substance use disorders and adult antisocial
personality traits, suicidal ideation positively predicted risk for illicit drug
dependence and adult antisocial personality traits, while appetite or weight changes
were negative associated with both these validator variables. Yet, only
worthlessness/guilt predicted co-morbidity with alcohol dependence and nicotine
dependence, while fatigue was negative associated with nicotine dependence.
None of the nine A criteria was significantly related to a new episode of MD or a
diagnosis of MD in the co-twin. However, examining non-significant findings
(p>0.05), we observed a heterogeneous pattern of relationships for these validators.
For example, loss of interest showed a positive but depressed mood a negative
association with risk for future episodes. Problems sleeping and fatigue tended to
be positively related and depressed mood and suicidal ideation negatively related to
the risk for MD in the co-twin.
Significant sex differences emerged for four of the criteria; depressed mood,
appetite/weight changes and fatigue significantly predicted being female, while
psychomotor agitation/retardation was associated with being male.
The criteria varied substantially in their relationships to other demographic
characteristics. For example, age differences were found for two criteria; depressed
mood and psychomotor agitation/retardation had a significant positive correlation
with current age. In addition, four symptoms were associated with education, with
sleep changes and fatigue being associated with more, and psychomotor agitation/
retardation and suicidal ideation associated with less years of education. Also,
depressed mood was associated with lower and trouble concentrating associated
with higher family income.
Regarding the two personality traits – neuroticism and extraversion – feeling
worthless/guilty and suicidal ideation predicted higher neuroticism scores, while
appetite/weight change and sleep changes were associated with lower neuroticism
scores. In addition, worthlessness/guilt was associated with a lower extraversion
Only suicidal ideation predicted a longer duration of the index episode and chronic
depression, while fatigue was positively associated with shorter episodes and
negatively associated with 'chronic depression' (defined as lasting ≥12 months).
Loss of interest was associated with episodes precipitated by a particular life event
('something happened'), while suicidal ideation was associated with experiencing
the depressive episode 'out of the blue'.
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text:
The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Georgia told the Long County Board of Education and the county commission Friday that another election will be required.
Fire-protection concerns dominated the Midway City Council's work session Sept. 24. Both the as-yet unsigned agreement for fire services for the current year and questions surrounding Midway's participation in the countywide fire protection plan were addressed.
Hinesville Mayor Jim Thomas and City Administrator Billy Edwards were special guests Sept. 4 at the monthly Goldenheirs meeting at First Baptist Church.
The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Georgia told the Long County Board of Education and the county commission Friday that another election will be required. The earlier it could be is March 19. Long County School System Superintendent Dr. Robert Waters said the decision was made by a panel of three judges who heard arguments in the case of the board of education and the board of commissioners versus the Long County Board of Elections over redistricting. The suit against the election board was filed after the civil-rights division of the U.S. Justice Department ruled ...
The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Georgia today will hear the case of the Long County Board of Education and the Long County Board of Commissioners versus the Long County Board of Election over redistricting.
JianWu Zhang, delegation leader and vice mayor of Yichun, China, Hinesville's sister city, signed a new agreement Monday morning with Hinesville Mayor Jim Thomas.
The Hinesville city council Thursday heard an unusual request to restrict fundraising efforts by non-local veterans groups.
The Liberty County Board of Commissioners and the Hinesville City Council on Thursday approved a local option sales tax distribution agreement that will require the county to seek greater reimbursement from other municipalities for the services it delivers.
The city of Walthourville made a street-name change Sept. 1 to honor former Georgia governor Ellis Arnall.
Continued discussion over an alley and hard-liquor sales culminated in heated words and an audience member being removed from the recent Ludowici City Council's September meeting.
The son of a Hinesville city councilman is squaring off against a former Liberty County commissioner to fill the county board of commissioners District 2 seat that has been vacant since May.
It has yet to be approved by both governing bodies, but Liberty County and Hinesville representatives reached a tentative verbal agreement Tuesday for allocation of local-option sales tax revenues as required every 10 years due to census population counts.
After serving 14 years of a life sentence, Billy Crowder might be getting closer to starting a new life outside prison walls.
Bradwell Institute students and teachers began Friday on a somber note as they learned that one of their own has passed away.
JROTC cadets from Liberty County High School and Bradwell Institute participated in 9/11 observances last week.
Today's leaders need to remember that they were not first, that others came before them and blazed trails in the fight for equal rights ...
It's a story all too familiar to Meike Wilder, who rescues animals for the nonprofit organization Carpathia Paws.
Voters will soon have a chance to meet the candidates in Liberty County's municipal elections.
On a warm autumn morning, in a simple wedding ceremony that took about two minutes, two lives were joined together in marriage.
The Liberty County Convention and Visitors Bureau announces that "Fireball Run" will film live in Liberty County on Thursday and Friday.
RICHMOND HILL - Supporters of the proposed Coastal Georgia Greenway touted its economic potential and health and safety benefits to a joint study committee that met ...
Voters will soon have a chance to meet the candidates in Liberty County's municipal elections.
The grand opening and ribbon-cutting ceremony for Coastal Manor Daybreak was held Friday in Ludowici.
The Woodmen of the World and the Long County Chamber of Commerce hosted a ceremony Sept. 11 at the Ludowici/Long County Volunteer Fire Department ...
Voters will soon have a chance to meet the candidates in Liberty County's municipal elections.
A permanent sailing school may soon be in place in Sunbury.
Polestar Exchange Georgia, the developer for the under-construction Wal-Mart Neighborhood Market on Hinesville's eastern edge, has requested that the city enter into a development ...
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 19, 2009
|Filing date
|Aug 17, 2007
|Priority date
|Aug 17, 2007
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Oren Kaidar
|Original Assignee
|Oren Kaidar
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (7), Classifications (5), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to dual channel operation of wireless communication devices and access point discovery in wireless communication networks.
Wireless communication devices often need to simultaneously operate in more than one wireless communication network. For example, a wireless communication device may need to simultaneously operate in a Private Area Network Basic Service Set (PAN BSS) and a Wireless Local Area Network Basic Service Set (WLAN BSS). The networks typically implement one or more of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard family of communications protocols, such as 802.11b, 802.11d, 802.11h or other variants.
In order to be perceived as simultaneously operating in both networks, the virtual Media Access Controls (MACs) of the wireless communication devices need to periodically operate in each of the networks. This involves leaving a first network for a second network while notifying the cell of its absence from the first network for a period of time. If the device is an Access Point (AP) for the network, it is assumed to always be available to the clients of the network. Therefore, if the AP is not available, the clients may disadvantageously assume that the AP has dropped out and the clients may commence a roaming procedure for a replacement AP.
All virtual MACs share the same physical layer (PHY), but may operate on different channels for various reasons, such as better spectrum/bandwidth utilization for multiple PANs. Sharing a common PHY requires the virtual MACs to operate in Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) mode for multiple channel operation, wherein a wireless Network Interface Card (NIC) switches from one virtual MAC to another virtual MAC in a certain order.
When a virtual MAC is implementing an AP and working in TDMA mode, the virtual MAC will be available on the operating channel for only part of the time. When another station scans the channel for available networks, the station uses an active scan mode by sending a probe request and waiting for a probe response. The probe request can be sent on the channel even when the virtual MAC AP does not reside on the channel. However, this results in the drawback of the station taking longer to detect the AP or not detecting the virtual MAC AP in the channel at all.
In order that the invention may be readily understood and put into practical effect, reference now will be made to embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numbers refer to identical elements. The drawings are provided by way of example only, wherein:
Skilled addressees will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the relative dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be distorted to help improve understanding of embodiments of the present invention.
Before describing embodiments that are in accordance with the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the embodiments reside primarily in combinations of method steps and apparatus components related to coordinating Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) operation of wireless communication devices in wireless communication networks. Accordingly, the apparatus components and method steps have been represented where appropriate by conventional symbols in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are relevant to understanding the embodiments of the present invention such that the disclosure is not obscured with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
In this specification, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes", "including" or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a method, process, article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such method, process, article or apparatus. An element preceded by, for example, "comprises a . . ." does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the method, process, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be appreciated that embodiments of the invention herein described may be comprised of one or more conventional processors and unique stored program instructions that control the one or more processors to implement, in conjunction with certain non-processor circuits, some, most, or all of the functions of coordinating Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) operation of wireless communication devices in wireless communication networks as herein described. The non-processor circuits may include, but are not limited to, a radio receiver, a radio transmitter, signal drivers, clock circuits, power source circuits, and user input devices. As such, these functions may be interpreted as a method for coordinating Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) operation of wireless communication devices in wireless communication networks. Alternatively, some or all functions could be implemented by a state machine that has no stored program instructions, or in one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other dedicated circuitry, in which each function or one or more combinations of the functions are implemented as custom logic. A combination of the two approaches could also be used. Thus, methods and means for these functions have been described herein. Further, it is expected that one of ordinary skill in the art, when guided by the disclosure herein, will be readily capable of generating such software instructions, programs and integrated circuits with minimal experimentation.
With reference to
According to some embodiments, the first wireless communication network 100 is in the form of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Basic Service Set (BSS) comprising a wireless access point (AP) 120 and three clients, which are in the form of laptop computers 130, 140 and 150 in this example. The second wireless communication network 110 is in the form of a Private Area Network (PAN) Basic Service Set (BSS) comprising a wireless AP identified as the PAN Master and two clients in the form of a digital camera 160 and a digital projector 170. In the example shown in
The IEEE 802.11h standard and subsequent 802.11 standards comprise a Quiet element, or information element (IE), that defines an interval, or Quiet Period, during which no transmissions shall occur on the current communication channel. The Quiet Period may be utilised, for example, for making channel measurements without interference from other stations. The Quiet element can be included in Target Beacons (TBs) and in probe response frames sent by the AP of a network. The Quiet element comprises a Quiet Count field, which is set to the number of Target Beacon Transmission Times (TBTTs) until the beacon interval during which the next Quiet Period will start. The Quiet element also comprises a Quiet Offset field, which is set to the offset of the start of the Quiet Period from the TBTT. The value of the Quiet Offset field is less than one beacon interval.
To address, or at least minimize, the aforementioned prior art problems, embodiments of the present invention comprise a method and apparatus for coordinating TDMA operation of wireless communication devices operating on a communication channel which include an AP announcing a Quiet Period to one or more clients of the AP and transmitting an indication as part of a Target Beacon or probe response to the one or more clients. The indication indicates that the AP will be absent from the communication channel for one or more periods of time. The one or more clients can therefore establish, on the basis of the indication, a connection with the AP after the Quiet Period when the AP is next present on the communication channel.
Referring to the schematic timing diagram shown in
According to some embodiments, the Target Beacon can comprise multiple Quiet elements announcing multiple Quiet Periods over a single Target Beacon interval thus allowing multiple slots between the first and second communication networks 100, 110 over a single Target Beacon interval.
Since the multiple virtual MAC of the wireless communication device does not reside on the AP communication channel for the whole time, embodiments of the present invention enable the probing sequence to be conducted regardless of the specific virtual MAC of the wireless NIC active at the time the probing sequence takes place. The virtual MAC operating when the probing sequence occurs may be active on a different communication channel from the communication channel used by the virtual MAC operating as an AP. Therefore, according to some embodiments of the present invention, when the client searching for an access point transmits a probe request, the probe request includes a capability indicator indicating whether the respective client can perform a probing sequence on another communication channel. Upon receiving the probe request from the client, the AP in the form of a virtual MAC AP transmits an indication of an alternative communication channel to be used by the AP when the AP is absent from the communication channel. The virtual MAC AP can also transmit the one or more indications of when the AP will be absent from the communication channel. The clients can therefore establish, on the basis of the indication, a connection with the access point when the access point is next present on the communication channel.
With reference to the schematic timing diagram shown in
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned probe requests transmitted by clients, such as clients 160, 170, can include a respective capability indicator. The capability indicator of each client is indicative of whether a respective client can support the Quiet Period. The capability indicator can be included as part of the MAC association request frame and can indicate support for the Quiet Period on the 2.4 GHz band and/or the 5.2 GHz band. When the virtual MAC operating as an AP receives the association requests from the clients, the AP is thus informed of whether all, only some, or none of the clients support the Quiet Period. In accordance with the present invention, the AP can therefore select the appropriate protection method to employ when the AP is going to be absent from the network.
Where all clients support the Quiet Period, the AP only announces the Quiet Period for the second virtual MAC operation. If only some or none of the clients support the Quiet Period, in addition to announcing the Quiet Period, a Clear-To-Send-To-Self (CTS-To-Self) signal is also transmitted, as described in more detail hereinafter, in order to maintain TDMA operation for the clients that do not support the Quiet Period. Also, the clients that do support the Quiet Period can utilize the Quiet Period to enter a power save mode, which enables better network utilization.
With reference to
In cases where the PAN AP receives a probe request containing a capability indicator indicating at least one client does not support the Quiet Period, prior to the slot switch 430 and commencement of the Quiet Period, the PAN AP includes a CTS-To-Self signal 420 for Network Allocation Vector (NAV) protection. A NAV is maintained by each station and is indicative of time periods when transmissions will not be initiated even when the communication channel is clear. As shown in
At the TDMA slot switch 430, the laptop computer 150 operating as the PAN AP leaves the second communication network 110 operating on channel Y and joins the first communication network 100 operating on channel X as a client of the WLAN BSS AP 120.
Further detail of the CTS-To-Self signal 420 will now be described with reference to
In some alternative embodiments, the AP transmits a Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) information element to clients in power save mode prior to announcing the Quiet Period at the TBTT and the AP remains on the communication channel. The DTIM comprises a DTIM Count and a DTIM Period and indicates that there is pending traffic for the clients that are in power save mode, thus tempting or inviting the one or more clients in power save mode to transmit during the Quiet Period. The AP identifies each client from which a transmission is received during the Quiet Period as a client that does not support the Quiet Period.
Hence, in some embodiments, when the AP is absent from the communication channel, rather than the AP joining another channel, either as an AP or as a client, the AP and/or one or more of the clients can enter a power save mode.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the multi virtual MAC can comprise three or more virtual MACs and the methods and apparatus described herein can be utilized to coordinate TDMA operation of wireless communication devices on multiple channels.
Referring to
Advantages of the various embodiments of the present invention thus include coordinating Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) operation of wireless communication devices in wireless communication networks when the access point of one of the networks needs to leave the channel for some reason, such as joining another communication network or adopting a power save mode. Hence, the likelihood of clients assuming that the access point has dropped out when it is temporarily absent from the communication network and consequently initiating a roaming procedure is reduced. Embodiments of the present invention take into account capability indicators of the clients, such as their ability to support the Quiet Period and/or a probing sequence on a channel other than the working channel of the access point such that the most appropriate protection method can be employed. Discovery of access points by clients is thus improved by virtue of embodiments of the present invention. Discovery of possible clients by the access point is also improved. Embodiments of the present invention enable simultaneous operation of a first virtual MAC operating as an access point in a first communication network and a second virtual MAC operating as a client, or another access point, in a second communication network.
In the foregoing specification, specific embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. Accordingly, the specification and figures are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as critical, required, or essential features or elements of any or all of the claims. The invention is defined solely by the appended claims including any amendments made during the pendency of this application and all equivalents of those claims.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 5, 2008
|Sep 6, 2011
|Motorola Solutions, Inc.
|Method for enabling periodic scanning in wireless communication networks
|Oct 19, 2007
|Apr 24, 2012
|Microsoft Corporation
|Maintaining multiple, simultaneous wireless network connections using a single radio
|Jul 9, 2012
|Aug 18, 2015
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Multirole device muxing channel scan with channel scan time slices
|Apr 10, 2012
|Sep 8, 2015
|Conexant Systems, Inc.
|Systems and methods for management of wireless clients
|Aug 2, 2012
|Menzo Wentink
|Systems and methods for management of wireless clients
|Jul 9, 2012
|Jan 9, 2014
|Keren Dor
|Systems and methods for channel scanning for multirole device
|Oct 18, 2011
|Apr 26, 2012
|Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd.
|A method and system for supporting incompatible channelization of a wireless communications system
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|May 6, 2009
Owner name: INTEL CORPORATION, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KAIDAR, OREN;REEL/FRAME:022643/0017
Effective date: 20090501
|Jul 16, 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


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I didn't have 2 items, so I improvised. Substituted rice wine vinegar for appple cider and half & half for buttermilk. I used stilton w/apricots(TJ's) for the bleu cheese. I don't know what the origanal recipe was like, but this is sooooooo good. Really easy, too. Love it:)flag if inappropriate
Good flavor - if you use only 6 cups of coleslaw. 12 cups is to dry. I will make this one again. It was a hit at the office potluck.flag if inappropriate
I've been trying to mimic the red, white & bleu slaw served at Maxie's Supper Club in Ithaca, NY. This is the closest so far; include the additions mentioned in earlier reviews (dijon, mayo, scallions) and sub half of the green cabbage with red. Great with spicy BBQ at the 4th of July.flag if inappropriate
Easy & tasty!flag if inappropriate
It cannot compare to the recipe for Blue Cheese Coleslaw, Gourmet, May 2004, p.38, which I had wanted to save.flag if inappropriate
I wouldn't make this recipe again as written, but I took the advice to add sherry vinegar, dijon, mayo and onion, and it produced an ok dish. I brought it to a bbq and everyone appreciated that it wasn't the same old cole slaw they had been eating all summer. It not phenomenal, but it's something different.flag if inappropriate
I wish that I had read the reviews on this before I made it. I definitely would have added to the ingredients. It was not exceptional, but with some changes I would make it again.flag if inappropriate
My husband and i really liked it. Although I do use mayo and cut the buttermilk. Because I love nuts I also mix in candied pecans.flag if inappropriate
I made this coleslaw and was not impressed!! It was very runny and tasteless... I even doctored it up the next day and it was still tasteless. I won't be making this again!!!flag if inappropriate
I've made this recipe twice. My husband and son loved it...I followed the advice from the cook from Saskatoon (thanks!). I used mayonnaise and a little dijon mustard...It was excellent...flag if inappropriate


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Piazza dei Signori - Piazza Dante, Verona
62 Reviews
62 Reviews
Palazzo dei Tribunali is another interesting building facing Piazza Dante. In the innercourt you may see 2 round areas, covered by glass, where you woll be able to look down to a lower level of the ground with foundations and a mosaique of the roman times.
The Palazzo dei Tribunali dates back to the year 1365, but the only remains of that time is the high tower you may see on my picture.
The Loggia del Consiglio is another one of the interesting sights on Piazza Dante / Piazza dei Signori. There are great frescos and sculptures on these arcades that date back to 1476.
The sculptures on to of the building show the poets Plinius the elder and Catull, Aemelius Macer, a famous lawer, the architect Vitruv and the historian Cornelius Nepos.
On the right of my picture you will see the winged lion of the entrance-gate of Palazzo del Governo.
This is the entrance of Palazzo del Governo at Piazza Dante and there you may also see the winged lion of Venezia on the top of the entrance-gate.
The arcades next to it are also worth to have a closer look, as you will see some great vaults and arcades there.
The Republic of Venezia was once a really powerful state and was not only the rather small town of Venezia that you may visit today and the lion was in the coat of arms of all these places.
Palazzo del Governo is one of the buildings on Piazza Dante / Piazza dei Signori and when you are standing at the Scalligeri tombs you will be able to look into the arcades of that Palazzo, that even looks great, when it is closed already. You may take a look through the iron-fence and these lovely arcades really may give you the feeling to be taken back in time hundreds of years, except of the cars beeing parked there of course
In 2005 there were some construction-works going on and part of the square did not look very good, but the Piazza dei Signori & the monument of Dante Alighieri are certainly another great place to see for every tourist.
The monument for Dante Alighieri was built there in 1865. Dante was given shelter in Verona, after he was expelled from Firenze / Florenz in 1303.
The tall crenellated watch tower, dating back to the second half of the 14th century, stands on Piazza dei Signori in between Palazzo del Comune and Palazzo del Capitano.
This picture was taken from the position which is under the arch next to Domus Nova.
The famous Porta Bombardiera, built in 1687, stands in the courtyard of Palazzo del Capitano (Piazza dei Signori). The courtyard is of particular interest, with its lovely Renaissance well, and with its Gothic open gallery, which used to be decorated with frescoes by Altichiero, painted in the 14th century.
There is a splendid entrance into the Palazzo del Capitano and its courtyard, designed by Sanmicheli in the 16th century.
Just a few steps away from Piazza delle Erbe, there is another piazza that is sometimes called "Piazza dei Signori", since it is surrounded by numerous palazzi that once belonged to the Scaligeri family, and sometimes "Piazza Dante", because a statue of the famous Italian poet sits at the centre of the piazza. The statue, which was installed in 1865, commemorates the fact that when Dante Alighieri was condemned to perpetual exile from his native Florence at the beginning of the 14th century, he was invited to live in Verona by Cangrande I.
The piazza itself does not offer the same kind of atmosphere as Piazza delle Erbe - there are a few restaurants, but they looked expensive, not exactly the kind of place where you casually sit down and order a couple drinks. The architecture of the different palazzi that surround the piazza, all linked with arches, is quite impressive. It's especially worth ducking into the inner courtyard of the Palazzo della Ragione. This palazzo, which has been used for different civic purposes thoughout the years, such as city hall, court of justice and prison, dates back to the 12th century. Its most striking feature, the grand staircase that leads to the upper level, was added in 1447.
Built atop an earlier Roman square, the Piazza dei Signori was the center of the Renaissance in Verona. It's also known as the Piazza Dante, for its statue of the great Italian poet. This statue was erected here because Dante stayed here for a period.
At the center of the plaza you see a statue of Dante Alighieri, who helped define "Italian", based on the regional dialect of Tuscany, with some elements of Latin and of the other regional dialects, and is known for his "Divine Comedy". After being exiled from Florence he was the guest of the Scala family in Verona.
In front of the statue is the Palazzo del Capitano, once home to Verona's military commanders. There is an interesting archway with columns made to look like cannons.
Behind Dante is the Renaissance facade of the Loggia del Consiglio.
Piazza Del Sigorni is a part of Piazza Erbe, or visa versa. They both are side by side, and the Palazzo Commune, or municipal hall is the focal point of the square. The building now has a 19th century facing even though it was from the 1100's. There were four towers on the edges, but only trow stand now; one Lamberti. Domus Mercatorum was built in 1301 by Alberto della Scala. The Scalgeri Palace with the crenelated top is from the 12th century, and the picture is of the tower with the family crest emblem. At the other end of the square is Palazzo Maffei, with the statues ringing the top, and adjacent Guardello tower form the 14th century. The Piazza Erbe means herbs and the market has been here for centuries. The market commune building is intended for the citizens for centuries.
CAlled tower of the city. Construction began in 1172. After lightning hitting the top in 1403, and damaging it to not be repaired, they rebuilt the tower, but higher. Restoration took 15 years, and done in 1464. The tower is 84 meters tall, and the clock is only from 1779. This tower was used for signaling to the city residents of fires, and called the meeting for City council. There is 238 steps to the top, and it is worth it. Or you can take an elevator. There are three different levels to reach the top for great pictures and the top is very windy. You can stand right next to the bells, and they do ring, so beware.
Tickets are 5 Euro each, or we used a Verona card for multiple access to sites, museums, and churches. The cost is 16 Euro.
Palazzo del Comune is on the right entering from Piazza delle Erbe. The Romanesque facade of this building received considerable additions during the Renaissance period. It has the distinctive alternating bands of brick and stonework which can be considered the leitmotiv of the city as a whole.
Next to it stands a tall crenellated tower dating back to the second half of the 14th century.
"Lords' Square" shows no signs of Roman times, even though it is very near to the ancient court, which later became "Market Square", Piazza delle Erbe.
For the history of this place, you have to start from the Scala family seigniory, bearing in mind, however, that in the square there were already the Municipal Palace and the Domus Nova. At the end of the XIII century, the square (which was then called Platea Domini vicarii), did not have today's rectangular form; neither the palace that is now called the Palace of the Courts, nor the Palace of Government.
Piazza dei Signori is surrounded by buildings and monuments of great historical and architectural importance. For the most important monuments (the City Hall, the Loggia of the Council, the Palace of the government, please read the special cards on the following pages.
The most important monument in the Piazza dei Signori is probably the Loggia del Consiglio, built between 1476 and 1493.
It's crowned by the statues of Catullus, Pliny, Marcus, Vitruvius and Cornelius Nepos by Alberto da Milano.
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Company Overview of DataSphere Technologies, Inc.
Executive Profile
Tim O'Neil
Chief Financial Officer and Director, DataSphere Technologies, Inc.
|Total Calculated Compensation
|This person is connected to 1 Board Members in 1 different organizations across 3 different industries.
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Mr. Timothy P. O'Neil, also known as Tim, serves as the Chief Financial Officer of DataSphere Technologies, Inc. Mr. O'Neil served as Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of LOUD Technologies Inc. from July 2003 to May 30 2007 and also served as Principal Accounting Officer and Senior Vice President of LOUD Technologies Inc. until May 30 2007. He served as Vice President of LOUD Technologies Inc. since July 2003. He worked at Wyndham Resort Development Corporation ...
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3350 161st Avenue SEPhone: 425-644-7540
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If you've ever wanted to decorate your entire yard but didn't know where to start, spruce up every inch of your front lawn with outdoor Christmas decorating ideas. Get ready for the season with outdoor Christmas lighting and prepare your house for family visitors and friends. Outdoor Christmas Decorating … [Read more...]
Outdoor Christmas Decoration Ideas Page
Ideas for Decorating Your Roof This Christmas
Outdoor Christmas lights have gone through a great transformation from what many of us remember as children. Whereas our fathers struggled to illuminate a garage door or front window seal, we can now choose beautiful LED Christmas lights that can serve to outline our roof or to create an inviting path that … [Read more...]
How to Make Decorating Easter Eggs Fun for Everyone
Decorating Easter eggs is a tradition with most families, from basic coloring of eggs to 3D crafts and Easter projects. While dipping eggs in dye is fun for toddlers, engaging older kids and other adults decorating Easter eggs can be challenging. Imagination and fun is key to retaining the interest of an … [Read more...]
Festive Easter Lights and Easter Decorating Ideas
Celebrate Easter this year with simple Easter decorating ideas to impress the family and set the perfect atmosphere for a gathering. Decorating for Easter has several benefits, including making for good picture backdrops when the little ones hunt eggs and increasing the excitement of visitors. Choosing Easter … [Read more...]
Valentines Party Ideas for Adults
Valentines Day is not just for school children, and Valentines party ideas for adults can help you create a memorable evening with a cohesive theme. Whether you're in a relationship or single, Valentines Day can be a time of fun with a party that includes the celebration of the love between friends. To really … [Read more...]
Top 12 Christmas Decoration Light Shows of 2011
The Christmas Light Tradition Christmas lights weren't always everywhere, and they certainly weren't as ornate as they are today. When Edison first invented the light bulb, he didn't think that Christmas lights would become the standard, though, believe it or not, he was the first to encourage the use of … [Read more...]
LED Christmas Lights for State of the Art Decorating
LED technology has improved drastically since its invention, making LEDs the best source in decorating. At first, only red and yellow lights were available; now, LEDs come in all colors of the rainbow, with their colors more intense and pure than ever. Over the past five years, LEDs have become increasingly … [Read more...]
LED Mini Lights – A Decorator's Dream Come True
Mini lights should be incorporated in decorating because, with only a little creativity, they make such a noticeable difference in brightness and elegance. They add dazzle to decorations and crafts without much hassle. Decorators have discovered that battery operated LED lights are the easiest to use and last … [Read more...]
5 Under-Appreciated Ways to Use Outdoor Patio String Lights
Some may think that mini lights get all the glory or icicle lights are the go-to option for decorating but outdoor patio string lights deserve their due. Patio string lights are just as versatile as mini lights, as bright as LEDs, and can easily be used for multiple decorating needs. In fact, we came up with … [Read more...]
Christmas Lights Make for Perfect Graduation Party Ideas
May is the month where graduations begin to take place. College, university, and high school graduates around the country will have graduation parties thrown in their honor. In addition to the classic decorations such as a cap and gown centerpiece or a diploma cake, why not brighten the day with some mini or … [Read more...]
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UbiSoft offers up refunds + a free-game to those who bought Might and Magic 7 CE in USA at retail who weren't happy that the game came w/out game on the disc:
For the free game, gamers can pick b/t the following:
AC: Rogue; Far Cry 4; The Crew; Zombi; and Toy Soldiers: War Chest - Hall of Fame Edition.
So, if Ubi actually gives out activation key-codes for the free games (instead of making gamers be forced to choose via UPLAY directly) - we will know what will be eventually flooding The Cesspool.
- Fatality likes this


text: When you can combine your sport with your job, work is always more enjoyable. Or if you're an EMT who just loves to dive, let people know that you're proud of what you do and how you play by wearing this handsome EMT Dive Flag Diving Lapel Pin. Also makes a great gift for an EMT graduate diving friend. Metal Pin with Gold Plating, Hand Enameled with Post and Military Clutch on Back


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Currently working through the missing episode audios...
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August 29 2012, 11:28 PM
The Borgified Corpse
Location: Ouch! Forgotten already? You were just down there 20 minutes ago.
Re: Currently working through the missing episode audios...
Candlelight wrote:
Plus it helped fill in the plot hole about 'seeing the alien ship'.
Although they did get Zoe's outfit wrong.
And the TARDIS circuits that the Doctor gives to Tobias Vaughn were different too.
Although, the thing about Zoe's outfit kinda makes sense if you only used the surviving episodes of "The Invasion" for continuity and neglected to check what she was wearing at the end of "The Mind Robber." It doesn't help that no one ever mentions in dialogue that Zoe has changed outfits while in Isobel's apartment. (Although, in retrospect, when Isobel remarks on Zoe's outfit in Part 1, her line makes a lot more sense if Zoe is wearing her sparkly jumpsuit at the time.)
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Military Personnel:
DOD Needs More Effective Controls to Better Assess the Progress of the Selective Reenlistment Bonus Program
GAO-04-86: Published: Nov 13, 2003. Publicly Released: Nov 13, 2003.
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The Department of Defense (DOD) uses the Selective Reenlistment Bonus (SRB) program to reenlist military personnel in critical specialties. In fiscal years 1997-2003, the program budget rose 138 percent, from $308 million to $734 million. In fiscal year 2003, the House Appropriations Committee directed the Secretary of Defense to reassess program efficiency and report on five concerns: (1) how effective the program is in correcting retention shortfalls in critical occupations, (2) how replacement guidance will ensure targeting critical specialties that impact readiness, (3) how DOD will match program execution with appropriated funding, (4) how well the services' processes for administering the program work, and (5) advantages and disadvantages of paying bonuses in lump sum payments. The committee also directed GAO to review and assess DOD's report.
Despite congressional concerns about the SRB program, DOD's May 2003 report stated that the program is managed carefully, bonuses are offered sparingly, and the services need flexibility in administering the program. However, DOD's responses did not thoroughly address four of the five SRB program concerns contained in the mandate. As a result, Congress does not have sufficient information to determine if the program is being managed effectively or efficiently. DOD has not issued replacement program guidance and did not allow us to review the guidance that has been drafted. DOD's report focused primarily on criteria for designating occupations as critical, but the report did not address an important change--the potential elimination of the requirement for conducting annual program reviews. In response to our 2002 report, DOD stated that this requirement would be eliminated from future program guidance. DOD recently told us that the new guidance will require periodic reviews, but neither the frequency nor the details of how these reviews would be conducted was explained. DOD conducted a limited evaluation to address the congressional concern about how well the services are administering their programs. The response consisted largely of program descriptions provided by the services. Among other things, DOD did not use a consistent set of procedures and metrics to evaluate each of the services' programs. Consequently, it is difficult to identify best practices, or to gain other insights into ways in which the effectiveness and efficiency of the services' programs could be improved. DOD thoroughly addressed the congressional concern pertaining to the advantages and disadvantages of paying SRBs as lump sums.
Recommendations for Executive Action
Status: Closed - Implemented
Comments: DOD Has Begun Conducting Annual Reviews of the Selective Reenlistment Bonus Program and Reporting the Results
Recommendation: To assist Congress in its efforts to monitor the management of the SRB program and to ensure that DOD is effectively and efficiently targeting retention bonuses to critical occupations, the Secretary of Defense should direct the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness to retain the requirement for an annual review of the SRB program.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
Status: Closed - Not Implemented
Comments: In response to this recommendation, DOD developed a new metric to track reenlistment rates for personnel deemed by each of the Services as critical. This metric was implemented on May 31, 2005, as part of the Balanced Scorecard Briefing presented to the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness. DOD reported that this new metric would require each Service to annually identify approximately 10 specialties deemed most critical for retention. The metric measures the achievement of retention goals for the identified skills. Based on this description, the new metric will not provide a comprehensive understanding of all the services retention critical occupations. Since the services will be required to identify only 10 occupational areas for review annually, it is not clear how this metric will address retention problems in all critical occupational areas. In addition, the lack of a consistent process used by the services for identifying critical occupations further limits the effectiveness of this metric. Without a consistent and comprehensive means of measuring retention shortfalls in all critical occupational areas, DOD and Congress will be hindered in their efforts to effectively monitor the management of the SRB program and ensure that retention bonuses are effectively and efficiently targeted to all critical occupations.
Recommendation: To assist Congress in its efforts to monitor the management of the SRB program and to ensure that DOD is effectively and efficiently targeting retention bonuses to critical occupations, the Secretary of Defense should direct the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness to develop a consistent set of methodologically sound procedures and metrics for reviewing the effectiveness and efficiency of all aspects of each service's SRB program administration.
Agency Affected: Department of Defense
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Ford Class Aircraft Carrier:Poor Outcomes Are the Predictable Consequences of the Prevalent Acquisition CultureGAO-16-84T: Published: Oct 1, 2015. Publicly Released: Oct 1, 2015.
Tricare Pharmacy Pilot:Improved Monitoring Needed with Expansion of Pilot RequirementsGAO-15-768: Published: Sep 30, 2015. Publicly Released: Oct 1, 2015.
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Sep 9, 2015
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Aug 27, 2015
Weapon System Acquisitions:Opportunities Exist to Improve the Department of Defense's Portfolio ManagementGAO-15-466: Published: Aug 27, 2015. Publicly Released: Aug 27, 2015.
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