text:
The immune modulating properties of statins may benefit smokers with asthma. We tested the hypothesis that short-term treatment with atorvastatin improves lung function or indices of asthma control in smokers with asthma.
Seventy one smokers with mild to moderate asthma were recruited to a randomized double-blind parallel group trial comparing treatment with atorvastatin (40 mg per day) versus placebo for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks treatment inhaled beclometasone (400 μg per day) was added to both treatment arms for a further 4 weeks. The primary outcome was morning peak expiratory flow after 4 weeks treatment. Secondary outcome measures included indices of asthma control and airway inflammation.
At 4 weeks, there was no improvement in the atorvastatin group compared to the placebo group in morning peak expiratory flow [-10.67 L/min, 95% CI -38.70 to 17.37, p = 0.449], but there was an improvement with atorvastatin in asthma quality of life score [0.52, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.87 p = 0.005]. There was no significant improvement with atorvastatin and inhaled beclometasone compared to inhaled beclometasone alone in outcome measures at 8 weeks.
Short-term treatment with atorvastatin does not alter lung function but may improve asthma quality of life in smokers with mild to moderate asthma.
Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00463827
Smokers with asthma have poor symptom control, accelerated decline in lung function and an attenuated response to inhaled corticosteroids compared to non-smokers with asthma[1-4]. Optimum medical therapy for smokers with asthma has not been established. There is an unmet need for alternative or additional drugs for smokers with asthma who are unable to stop smoking.
In addition to reducing cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylgluteryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, statins have pleiotropic anti-inflammatory effects[5] that may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases[5,6]. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, including experimental models of allergic lung inflammation[7,8], have shown that statins reduce components of airway inflammation potentially relevant to the pathogenesis of asthma. Despite preliminary data showing an absence of clinical benefit with short-term statin therapy on asthma symptoms or lung function in non-smokers with asthma[9-11], there is indirect evidence to suggest that statins may show efficacy in patients with asthma who smoke. First, simvastatin inhibits lung parenchymal destruction, peribronchial and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrate and leads to a reduction in levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in a rat model of smoking related lung disease[12] and reduces airway inflammation and reverses elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in mice[13]. Second, statins enhance corticosteroid sensitivity in asthma[14,15], possibly by restoring histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity[16], which is reduced by cigarette smoking[17]. Thirdly, retrospective or case cohort studies have shown statin use is associated with a reduced decline in lung function in cigarette smokers[18] and reduced exacerbation rates, hospital admission and mortality in patients with COPD[19]. Taken together, this evidence suggests that statin treatment may improve asthma control in smokers with asthma. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that short term treatment with atorvastatin, either alone or in addition to low dose inhaled corticosteroid improves lung function or other indices of asthma control and/or airway inflammation in smokers with asthma. Atorvastatin was chosen because of its favourable in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties [20-22] and evidence of clinical benefit at the dose of 40 mg daily in rheumatoid arthritis [21].
Study subjects
Cigarette smokers with chronic asthma symptoms of more than one year duration, aged 18 to 60 years were eligible to take part. Participants were regular smokers with a history of 5 pack years or more. Patients were recruited from general practice, hospital clinics and research databases. Smoking cessation advice was offered at the study screening visit and eligible subjects who were not willing to quit were enrolled. Patients were excluded if they were already taking a statin or medications known to interact with statins such as antifungal agents, macrolide antibiotics, cyclosporin, gemfibrozil, verapamil and amiodarone. All subjects demonstrated reversibility in FEV1 following salbutamol of ≥12% and ≥200 ml or PC20 ≤ 8 mg/ml or ≥ 20% variability in peak expiratory flow (PEF)[23]. The West Glasgow Research Ethics Committee approved the study and all patients gave written informed consent.
Study design
The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that short-term treatment with atorvastatin improves lung function or indices of asthma control or airway inflammation in smokers with asthma. Patients had been free of exacerbation and lower respiratory tract infection for a minimum period of 6 weeks prior to randomization. Where relevant, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting bronchodilator (LABA) treatment were weaned over a 4-10 week period. On completion of a two-week run in period free from ICS and LABA, a baseline visit was performed. Subjects recorded their PEF and asthma symptoms twice daily throughout the study. Randomization was conducted via an interactive telephone service (IVRS) in randomized blocks of length four. Patients were assigned to eight weeks of atorvastatin 40 mg daily or a matched placebo. After four weeks inhaled beclometasone (Clenil® Modulite® 200 μg twice daily) was also commenced in both randomized groups. Treatment with short-acting β-2 agonist was allowed throughout the study. At baseline, 4 and 8 week visits, electronic PEF data were downloaded and spirometry performed. At these visits patients completed a validated asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and asthma quality of life questionnaire (AQLQ); induced sputum was performed and exhaled nitric oxide was measured. At baseline and 8 weeks, blood samples were taken for immunological tests, lipids and liver transaminases.
PEF was recorded using Piko-1 electronic peak flow meters (nSpire Hertford UK) and symptoms were recorded in a validated diary card[24]. ACQ[25] and AQLQ [total and individual domains][26] results were also recorded. The total AQLQ score is the mean of all 32 responses and the individual domain scores are the means of the items in those domains. A change in score of 0.5 is the smallest change that is considered clinically important. Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured at 50 ml/s in concordance with standardised guidelines[27] (Niox Flex, Aerocrine, Sweden). Spirometry was performed to American Thoracic Society guidelines. Exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured by hand held Smokerlyser. (Bedford scientific, UK). Airway hyper-responsiveness was measured by Cockcroft's methacholine challenge test with concentrations from 0.03 mg/ml to 16 mg/ml[28]. Blood samples were processed by local accredited laboratories for urea and electrolytes, liver transaminases, thyroid function, creatinine kinase levels and lipid profile; haematological testing (full blood count), and total IgE and specific IgE to cat, house dust mite and grass. Total IgE levels >120 IU/ml was considered elevated and specific IgE levels >0.35 AU/ml was used to define atopic status. Sputum induction was performed as previously described[29], using a low concentration of DTT (0.003%) to disperse cells without undue effects on mediator measurements. Sputum supernatant fluid was analysed for leukotriene (LT) B4 and myeloperoxidase (MPO) using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (LTB4 from R&D Systems, Abingdon, UK, MPO from Cambridge Bioscience, Cambridge, UK.), and interleukin (IL)-2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using a Luminex microbead fluorescence kit (Biosource, Invitrogen, Paisley, UK). Serum was analysed for high sensitivity (hs)-CRP by EIA (R & D Systems) and sICAM-1, E-selectin, P-selectin, IL-2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and TNF-α using a multiplex fluorescence bead kit (sICAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin from Merck Chemicals, Hertfordshire, UK. Interleukins and TNF-α by Biosource). Current smoking was confirmed by serum cotinine measurement (Cozart, Oxfordshire, UK). Treatment compliance was assessed by tablet count and inhaler weight. Adverse event information was reviewed at each study visit.
Baseline characteristics were described by number and percentage of patients for categorical variables and mean (SD) or median and inter-quartile range for normally distributed or skewed continuous variables respectively. The full analysis set was defined as all randomized subjects with at least one post-baseline assessment of PEF (primary endpoint). The primary endpoint was calculated as the mean of the morning PEF measurements from the Piko-1 electronic peak flow meter recordings during the seven days immediately preceding each study visit. If fewer than three days of data were recorded within that period, patient diary entries for morning PEF were substituted in place of the missing values. The mean was then calculated if there were at least three days of data available, otherwise the response was taken to be missing. Response to atorvastatin on lung function, diary data, induced sputum, mediator levels and exhaled nitric oxide versus placebo was assessed by analysis of covariance, where the response was change from baseline and the baseline value was the covariate. All data were analysed using SAS version 9 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). A sample size of 68 was calculated to have 80% power to detect a mean difference of 25 L/min in change from baseline to four weeks in morning PEF, the primary endpoint[30], assuming a standard deviation of changes of 36 L/min, using a two sample t-test with a 5% two-sided significance level. Recruitment of 74 patients was planned to ensure that 68 patients completed the study.
Recruitment and baseline characteristics
Of the 286 subjects contacted, 131 volunteers were consented and 71 were randomized to either the atorvastatin treatment group (n = 36) or the placebo group (n = 35) (Figure 1). Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients are listed in Tables 1 and 2. The two groups were well balanced with respect to these characteristics.
Figure 1. Flow of patients through study.
Table 1. Demographics and clinical baseline characteristics
Table 2. Clinical outcomes after atorvastatin treatment or placebo
Changes in clinical outcomes
Changes in clinical outcomes after atorvastatin treatment are listed in Table 2 and illustrated in Figure 2. At 4 weeks, the change in mean morning PEF, as compared with baseline, did not differ substantially between the atorvastatin and placebo treatment periods [mean difference -10.67 L/min, 95% CI -38.70 to 17.37, p = 0.449]. There was an improvement in the atorvastatin group compared to the placebo group at 4 weeks in the ACQ score [-0.37, 95% CI -0.67 to -0.07, p = 0.016] and AQLQ total score [0.52, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.87 p = 0.005] as well as AQLQ symptoms domain [0.63, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.09 P = 0.007], activity limitations domain [0.40, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.71 P = 0.010] and emotional functions domain [0.60, 95% CI 0.10 to 1.09) P = 0.019]. At 8 weeks there was no significant improvement with atorvastatin and inhaled beclometasone compared to inhaled beclometasone alone in primary or exploratory outcome measures.
Figure 2. Change from baseline for both treatment groups in (a) morning PEF [L/min], (b) ACQ score, (c) AQLQ total score at 4 weeks. P values are for comparisons of the mean change from baseline between the two treatments.
Changes in inflammatory biomarkers
After 4 and 8 weeks, the total cell count and differential cell counts in induced sputum were similar for atorvastatin and placebo (Table 3). The sputum and serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines and mediators were similar after atorvastatin compared to after placebo treatment at the 4 week and 8 week time points (Table 3 and data not shown). There was no significant change in FENO after atorvastatin compared to placebo (data not shown).
Table 3. Inflammatory outcomes after atorvastatin treatment or placebo
Change in biochemical markers
The biochemical effects of atorvastatin therapy were reflected in significant reduction in concentration of serum lipids; cholesterol [-1.55, 95% CI -1.88 to -1.23 P < 0.0001], LDL-cholesterol [-1.50, 95% CI -1.88 to -1.13 P < 0.0001] and triglyceride [-0.49, 95% CI -0.87, -0.11 P = 0.013] (Table 4).
Table 4. Serum biochemical outcomes after atorvastatin treatment or placebo
Adverse events
No suspected unexpected serious adverse reactions (SUSARs) were recorded. Adverse events (AEs) were similar between treatment groups. Two serious adverse events occurred, one in each group and neither related to study drug. For adverse events greater than 5% in frequency, the only severe AE was back pain in 3 (8.3%) subjects in the atorvastatin group versus 0 in the placebo group. Moderate side effects were more frequent in the atorvastatin group: oral candidiasis (2 subjects versus 0), neck pain (2 versus 0) and asthma worsening (2 versus 1).
Compliance assessed by inhaler weight and tablet count was greater than 90% in both groups. The marked reduction in LDL-cholesterol in the group receiving atorvastatin (Table 4) provides further evidence of compliance. The weights of the returned inhalers indicate similar compliance with the inhaled beclometasone treatment.
In this randomized controlled study we found no improvement in the atorvastatin group compared to the placebo group in lung function in smokers with mild to moderate asthma, whereas there was an improvement in ACQ and AQLQ scores at 4 weeks. Atorvastatin treatment had no anti-inflammatory effects on induced sputum cell counts or on selected sputum or circulating blood mediator levels.
Three previous randomized controlled crossover clinical trials reported an absence of clinical benefit with short-term statin therapy on asthma symptoms or lung function in non-smokers with asthma[9-11]. The lack of improvement in PEF, FEV1 or airway responsiveness to methacholine in asthmatic smokers following atorvastatin supports the conclusions of these earlier studies that statins do not have a short-term beneficial effect on lung function in asthma irrespective of smoking status.
In addition to poor symptom control, smokers with asthma have worse asthma-specific quality of life scores[31]. The AQLQ is a well validated score of subjective well being and improving this index is an important goal of asthma management[32]. As one of a number of outcome measure we found a mean between-group difference in change from baseline in AQLQ score of 0.52 at 4 weeks, which is just greater than the minimal clinically significant change in score of 0.5[33]. The individual AQLQ domains for symptoms and emotions also crossed this threshold. The improvement in AQLQ score with atorvastatin is comparable to that reported with long-acting β2 agonist therapy[34] and with leukotriene receptor antagonist therapy in non-smokers with asthma[35]. The non-significant mean improvement in ACQ score of -0.37 did not reach the minimum important reduction threshold of -0.5[36]. Improvements in subject-centered outcomes with interventions in asthma are usually associated with better lung function, although this is not always the case. For example, clinically important improvements in the AQLQ score were observed in a trial comparing different formulations of inhaled beclometasone[37] and in a double-blind sham-controlled trial of bronchial thermoplasty[38] while in both studies conventional clinical indices of lung function and asthma control were similar.
Statins restore corticosteroid sensitivity in patients with asthma[14,15], possibly by restoring HDAC activity[16] or by increased induction of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygense resulting in increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10[15]. Statins also inhibit IL-17 expression and secretion from human Th17 cells[39], which have been implicated in causing corticosteroid resistance[40]. Based on these studies we wished to determine whether atorvastatin might restore sensitivity to corticosteroids and had hoped to observe a beneficial effect of atorvastatin and inhaled beclometasone compared to inhaled beclometasone alone, but found no significant effect in outcome measures at the 8 week time point. It is possible that 4 weeks was not long enough to demonstrate a synergistic effect, although in previous studies a 4 week treatment period was long enough to show the potentiating effects of low dose theophylline on corticosteroid sensitivity in smokers with asthma[41].
Statins have pleiotropic properties including anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory effects [5] that may be beneficial in the treatment of chronic inflammatory airway diseases[6]. The anti-inflammatory effects of statins are thought to be mediated by inhibition of the isoprenylation of small G-protein signalling molecules and by prevention of lipid raft formation, pathways involved in cell proliferation, activation and oxidative stress. Statins have immune modulating properties in animal models of allergic asthma[7,8] and COPD[12,13]. In our study, a limited investigation of circulating and airway inflammatory cells and mediators failed to show any effects of atorvastatin therapy on inflammatory biomarkers including CRP, despite good drug compliance and significant reduction of serum lipid markers.
There are several limitations of the study. Firstly, if fewer than three days of data were recorded during the seven days immediately preceding each study visit, patient diary entries for morning PEF were substituted in place of the missing value, which raises the possibility of increased variability in PEF measurements. However this procedure was performed in a minority of PEF measurements used in the analysis and is unlikely to have influenced the PEF result. Secondly, while questionnaire scores were not significantly different at baseline, it is possible that the slight difference in the proportion of participants taking LABA prior to screening may have had an effect on subsequent measurements of asthma control. The short duration of treatment with atorvastatin may have missed an effect on clinical or inflammatory outcomes. Future studies should assess whether treatment with statins influence outcome measures such as exacerbation rate and decline in lung function in smokers with asthma and in individuals with more severe disease. Statins have an inhibitory effect on human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation[42] and indices of airway remodelling[43-45]. It is possible that the administration of atorvastatin therapy for a longer duration of time may improve outcome measures of airway remodelling in asthma'
In conclusion, short-term treatment with atorvastatin does not improve lung function in smokers with mild to moderate asthma, but may improve asthma quality of life. Further trials using statins in asthmatic smokers are indicated.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
GB: Contributed to the acquisition and interpretation of the data; RC: Contributed to the acquisition and interpretation of the data and drafted the manuscript for important intellectual content; CMcS: Contributed interpretation of the data, carried out the immunoassays and drafted the manuscript for important intellectual content; MB: Contributed to the acquisition of the data; CW: Participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis; ID: Carried out the immunoassays; LJ: Carried out the immunoassays; JL: Contributed to the acquisition of the data; SL: Performed the statistical analysis; MS: Contributed to interpretation of the data and drafted the manuscript for important intellectual content; FM: Contributed to the acquisition and interpretation of the data; NCT: Conceived the study, participated in its design, contributed to interpretation of the data and drafted the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The Medical Research Council UK funded the clinical trial; study medication was provided by Pfizer (atorvastatin) and Trinity-Chiesi (Clenil Modulite inhalers). We would also like to thank the Scottish Primary Care Research Network, the participants and the participating general practices from the Greater Glasgow and Lanarkshire region. Without their help this study would not have been possible.
Chaudhuri R, Livingston E, McMahon AD, Thomson L, Borland W, Thomson NC: Cigarette smoking impairs the therapeutic response to oral corticosteroids in chronic asthma.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168(11):1308-1311. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Chalmers GW, Macleod KJ, Little SA, Thomson LJ, McSharry CP, Thomson NC: Influence of cigarette smoking on inhaled corticosteroid treatment in mild asthma.
Thorax 2002, 57(3):226-230. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Tomlinson JEM, McMahon AD, Chaudhuri R, Thompson JM, Wood SF, Thomson NC: Efficacy of low and high dose inhaled corticosteroid in smokers versus non-smokers with mild asthma.
Thorax 2005, 60(4):282-287. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Thomson N, Chaudhuri R: Asthma in smokers: challenges and opportunities.
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009, 15:39-45. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Greenwood J, Steinman L, Zamvil SS: Statin therapy and autoimmune disease: from protein prenylation to immunomodulation.
Nat Rev Immunol 2006, 6(5):358-370. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Hothersall E, McSharry C, Thomson NC: Potential therapeutic role for statins in respiratory disease.
Thorax 2006, 61(8):729-734. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
McKay A, Leung BP, McInnes IB, Thomson NC, Liew FY: A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Role of Simvastatin in a Murine Model of Allergic Asthma.
J Immunol 2004, 172(5):2903-2908. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Zeki AA, Franzi L, Last J, Kenyon NJ: Simvastatin Inhibits Airway Hyperreactivity: Implications for the Mevalonate Pathway and Beyond.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009, 180(8):731-740. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Menzies D, Nair A, Meldrum KT, Fleming D, Barnes M, Lipworth BJ: Simvastatin does not exhibit therapeutic anti-inflammatory effects in asthma.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007, 119(2):328-335. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Hothersall EJ, Chaudhuri R, McSharry C, Donnelly I, Lafferty J, McMahon AD, Weir CJ, Meiklejohn J, Sattar N, McInnes I, et al.: Effects of atorvastatin added to inhaled corticosteroids on lung function and sputum cell counts in atopic asthma.
Thorax 2008, 63(12):1070-1075. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Cowan DC, Cowan JO, Palmay R, Williamson A, Taylor DR: Simvastatin in the treatment of asthma: lack of steroid-sparing effect.
Thorax 2010, 65(10):891-896. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Lee J-H, Lee D-S, Kim E-K, Choe K-H, Oh Y-M, Shim T-S, Kim S-E, Lee Y-S, Lee S-D: Simvastatin Inhibits Cigarette Smoking-induced Emphysema and Pulmonary Hypertension in Rat Lungs.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 172(8):987-993. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Takahashi S, Nakamura H, Seki M, Shiraishi Y, Yamamoto M, Furuuchi M, Nakajima T, Tsujimura S, Shirahata T, Nakamura M, et al.: Reversal of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema and promotion of alveolar epithelial cell proliferation by simvastatin in mice.
Samson K, Minoguchi K, Tanaka A, Oda N, Yokoe T, Yamamoto Y, Yamamoto M, Ohta S, Adachi M: Inhibitory effects of fluvastatin on cytokine and chemokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with allergic asthma.
Clin Exp Allergy 2006, 36(4):475-482. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Maneechotesuwan K, Ekjiratrakul W, Kasetsinsombat K, Wongkajornsilp A, Barnes PJ: Statins enhance the anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients through increased induction of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010, 126(4):754-762. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
N'Guessan PD, Riediger F, Vardarova K, Scharf S, Eitel J, Opitz B, Slevogt H, Weichert W, Hocke AC, Schmeck B, et al.: Statins Control Oxidized LDL-Mediated Histone Modifications and Gene Expression in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009, 29(3):380-386. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ito K, Lim S, Caramori G, Chung K, Barnes P, Adcock I: Cigarette smoking reduces histone deacetylase 2 expression, enhances cytokine expression, and inhibits glucocorticoid actions in alveolar macrophages.
FASEB J 2001, 15(6):1110-1112. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Alexeeff SE, Litonjua AA, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, Schwartz J: Statin Use Reduces Decline in Lung Function: VA Normative Aging Study.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 176(8):742-747. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Janda S, Park K, FitzGerald JM, Etminan M, Swiston J: Statins in COPD.
Chest 2009, 136(3):734-743. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Joukhadar C, Klein N, Prinz M, Schrolnberger C, Vukovich T, Wolzt M, Schemetterer L, Dorner GT: Similar effects of atorvastatin, simvastatin and pravastatin on thrombogenic and inflammatory parameters in patients with hypercholesterolaemia.
McCarey DW, McInnes IB, Madhok R, Hampson R, Scherbakova O, Ford I, Capell HA, Sattar N: Trial of Atorvastatin in Rheumatoid Arthritis (TARA): double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial.
Lancet 2004, 363:2015-2021. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Chan KY, Boucher ES, Gandhi PJ, Silva MA: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors for lowering elevated levels of C-reactive protein.
American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2004, 61(16):1676-1681. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
GINA Report, Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention [http://www.ginasthma.com] webcite
Santanello N, Barber B, Reiss T, Friedman B, Juniper E, Zhang J: Measurement characteristics of two asthma symptom diary scales for use in clinical trials.
Eur Respir J 1997, 10:646-651. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Juniper EF, O'Byrne PM, Guyatt GH, Ferrie PJ, King DR: Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure asthma control.
Eur Respir J 1999, 14(4):902-907. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Juniper EF, Guyatt GH, Cox FM, Ferrie PJ, King DR: Development and validation of the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire.
Eur Respir J 1999, 14(1):32-38. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
ATS/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and Offline Measurement of Exhaled Lower Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitric Oxide
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005, 171(8):912-930. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Cockcroft D, Killian D, Mellon J, Hargreave F: Bronchial reactivity to inhaled histamine: a method and clinical survey.
Clin Allergy 1977, 7:235-243. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pavord I, Pizzichini M, Pizzichini E, Hargreave F: The use of induced sputum to investigate airway inflammation.
Thorax 1997, 52(6):498-501. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Greening AP, Ind PW, Northfield M, Shaw G: Added salmeterol versus higher-dose corticosteroid in asthma patients with symptoms on existing inhaled corticosteroid.
The Lancet 1994, 344(8917):219-224. Publisher Full Text
Eisner MD, Iribarren C: The influence of cigarette smoking on adult asthma outcomes.
Nicotine Tob Res 2007, 9(1):53-56. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Siroux V, Boudier A, Anto JM, Cazzoletti L, Accordini S, Alonso J, Cerveri I, Corsico A, Gulsvik A, Jarvis D, et al.: Quality-of-life and asthma-severity in general population asthmatics: results of the ECRHS II study.
Allergy 2008, 63(5):547-554. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Juniper EF, Guyatt GH, Willan A, Griffith LE: Determining a minimal important change in a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire.
J Clin Epidemiol 1994, 47(1):81-87. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Juniper E, Johnston P, Borkhoff C, Guyatt G, Boulet L, Haukioja A: Quality of life in asthma clinical trials: comparison of salmeterol and salbutamol.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995, 151(1):66-70. PubMed Abstract
Dahlen S-E, Malmstrom K, Nizankowska EWA, Dahlen B, Kuna P, Kowalski M, Lumry WR, Picado C, Stevenson DD, Bousquet J, et al.: Improvement of Aspirin-Intolerant Asthma by Montelukast, a Leukotriene Antagonist. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
Juniper E, Svensson K, Mork A, Stahl E: Measurement properties and interpretation of three shortened versions of the asthma control questionnaire.
Resp Med 2005, 99:553-558. Publisher Full Text
Juniper E, Price D, Stampone P, Creemers J, Mol S, Fireman P: Clinically Important Improvements in Asthma-Specific Quality of Life, But No Difference in Conventional Clinical Indexes in Patients Changed From Conventional Beclomethasone Dipropionate to Approximately Half the Dose of Extrafine Beclomethasone Dipropionate*.
Chest 2002, 121(6):1824-1832. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Castro M, Rubin AS, Laviolette M, Fiterman J, De Andrade Lima M, Shah PL, Fiss E, Olivenstein R, Thomson NC, Niven RM, et al.: Effectiveness and Safety of Bronchial Thermoplasty in the Treatment of Severe Asthma: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010, 181(2):116-124. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Zhang X, Jin J, Peng X, Ramgolam VS, Markovic-Plese S: Simvastatin Inhibits IL-17 Secretion by Targeting Multiple IL-17-Regulatory Cytokines and by Inhibiting the Expression of IL-17 Transcription Factor RORC in CD4+ Lymphocytes.
J Immunol 2008, 180(10):6988-6996. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
McKinley L, Alcorn JF, Peterson A, DuPont RB, Kapadia S, Logar A, Henry A, Irvin CG, Piganelli JD, Ray A, et al.: TH17 Cells Mediate Steroid-Resistant Airway Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Mice.
J Immunol 2008, 181(6):4089-4097. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Spears M, Donnelly I, Jolly L, Brannigan M, Ito K, McSharry C, Lafferty J, Chaudhuri R, Braganza G, Adcock IM, et al.: Effect of low-dose theophylline plus beclometasone on lung function in smokers with asthma: a pilot study.
Eur Respir J 2009, 33(5):1010-1017. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Takeda N, Kondo M, Ito S, Ito Y, Shimokata K, Kume H: Role of RhoA Inactivation in Reduced Cell Proliferation of Human Airway Smooth Muscle by Simvastatin.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2006, 35(6):722-729. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Wright JL, Zhou S, Preobrazhenska O, Marshall C, Sin DD, Laher I, Golbidi S, Churg AM: Statin Reverses Smoke-induced Pulmonary Hypertension and Prevents Emphysema but Not Airway Remodeling.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011, 183(1):50-58. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Zeki AA, Bratt JM, Rabowsky M, Last JA, Kenyon NJ: Simvastatin inhibits goblet cell hyperplasia and lung arginase in a mouse model of allergic asthma: a novel treatment for airway remodeling?
Translational Research 2010, 156(6):335-349. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Ou X, Wen F, Uhal B, Feng Y, Huang X, Wang T, Wang K, Liu D, Wang X, Chen L: Simvastatin attenuates experimental small airway remodelling in rats.
Respirology 2009, 14(5):734-745. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


text:
Why IBM z Systems mainframes
IBM z Systems provide the computing infrastructure for the new app economy — enabling organisations to transact at the scale and speed of mobile, bring right-time analytics to every transaction, and ensure the highest levels of security and trust in the cloud — all while transforming the efficiency and economics of IT.
Linux without limits
Engines of Progress
Innovate with the z13 mainframe
New possibilities in the digital era
Reinventing enterprise IT for digital business
Learn how your organisation can gain a competitive advantage by being fully prepared to meet the demands of mobile technology, social media, big data, and cloud computing.
What we offer
z Systems solutions
Enterprise grade Linux platform
Run business critical apps on the most efficient and trusted platform
Trusted cloud
Improve services with a system designed for private and hybrid cloud.
Read the paper on enterprise hybrid clouds
Enterprise mobility
Become an integrated and secure mobile enterprise with z Systems
Get the Pund-IT paper on mobile transactions
Business analytics
Extract insights from massive amounts of data — a business imperative
Read the Clipper paper on systems for insight
Enterprise security
Protect your critical information, workloads and assets.
I'm here to help
Shiva Reddy
Systems Hardware Representative
- Or call me at: 61-2-9407-5052
- NZ clients call me at: 0800 426 431
- Or call me at: 61-2-9407-5052
- NZ clients call me at: 0800 426 431
Join us at events
LinuxCon event
IBM z Systems Security Conference
IBM Systems Technical University
Gartner analyst webcast: Becoming an enterprise digital business
Secure mainframe development in the cloud
How to help remove the big risks from big data with z Systems
Mobile and business critical analytics collide: Are you prepared?
Stay connected with IBM z Systems
IBM mainframes: Engines of Progress
Travelport redefines travel commerce with the IBM mainframe
Kenya Power leverages mainframe analytics to better serve clients
Tesco brings multichannel retailing to the new digital consumer
First National Bank provides upward mobility through mobile banking
Citi enables progress for individuals, communities, and nations
Swiss Re helps rebuild lives and create more resilient cities
Met Office develops techniques for modern forecasting with the mainframe
Walmart helps 250 million people a week save money and live better
z Systems success stories
Mizuho transforms online and mobile applications with enterprise Linux on z
EVERTEC boosts reliability and speed for billions of transactions
What's possible now: The next generation of customer success
Ron Peri CEO Radixx International on Hybrid Cloud & z Economics
"The IBM mainframe offers us one source of truth... By determining individual customers behavior we should be able to give customers individual attention"
— CEO, Kenya Power
"We wanted something that just worked out of the box and provided scalability, performance and reliability."
— Kevin Barber, CIO, SinfoniaRx
"The mainframe provides Citi the opportunity to bring world-class innovation to life."
— Don Callahan, Head of Operations and Technology, Citi
"IBM understands that hybrid cloud is the future. With them we can enter new parts of a growing market."
— Steve Groom, CEO, Vissensa
"For Halkbank, everything comes back to the reliability, stability and security of IBM... "
— Ayhan Yalkut, System z Manager, Halkbank

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Based on other reviews, I thought this would be the perfect place for our 20th anniversary but quite honestly, I was disappointed. I wouldn't have been had the rooms been $80/night but this was not a good value for the money we spent. The room was average, and the bathroom was tiny. Our breakfast had absolutely no protein (and I was turned down when I asked for eggs) so that an hour later, both my husband and I were really hungry. I think this b&b can charge the rates that they do due to their proximity to Jackson Hole but unless you have money to burn, this wasn't worth it. We paid less in Casper for a MUCH more luxurious b&b stay with an enormous breakfast. I would not return here. On the plus side, our host was very knowledgeable and helpful regarding local attractions.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Isolated on a hillside and yet close to Jackson and both the Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks, A Teton Tree House is an ideal base for your trip to Wyoming. Enjoy the beautiful views from our window seats. Sip a glass of your favorite beverage on our decks while watching the sunrise or the sunset, or the moose wandering down the hillside. Share in the story telling at the breakfast table and let Denny help you plan your excursions with his 50+ years experience in the valley. Make yourself at home, settle in, Relax and Enjoy! ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Expedia, Travelocity and Priceline so you can book your A Teton Tree House reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- A Teton Tree House Jackson Hole, WY - Wilson


text:
Pamela Parker | April 21, 2005 | Comments
UPDATE: A San Francisco-based buyout firm is the likely buyer, according to a New York Post report.
Marketing technology firm DoubleClick could soon be owned by buyout firm Hellman & Friedman, according to a New York Post report that values the deal at around $1.2 billion.
The news comes the day the company reported a first quarter loss of $917,000, or $0.01 a share. Revenues came in at $76.3 million. DoubleClick partially blamed the poor results on expenses it incurred to conduct the search for a buyer, as well as fees it paid staffers to stay on despite the uncertainty.
DoubleClick has been trying to sell itself -- in whole or in part -- since November of last year, when it hired investment banker Lazard Freres & Company to explore "strategic options."
Citing sources close to the discussions, the Post said the San Francisco-based firm had emerged as the top contender. Another group, consisting of General Atlantic Partners and Cerberus Capital Management, was also said to be in the bidding. According to the story, a deal is expected to be announced later this week. Hellman & Friedman has investments in Young & Rubicam, Digitas and Upromise.
Representatives of both DoubleClick and Hellman & Friedman declined to comment on the possible imminent sale.
"Our review of strategic options is ongoing," said DoubleClick CEO Kevin Ryan on its conference call to report results to investors. "Therefore, we will not be commenting on that process for any press reports at this time."
DoubleClick's TechSolutions business brought in $51.5 million, versus $45.3 million in the year-ago period. Ad Management revenues came in lower this quarter, dropping from $33.3 million in the same 2004 period to $31.7 million. The company blamed the drop on pricing declines, but said rich media revenues from DART Motif were stronger.
Despite the decline, the company has high hopes for its Ad Management division in light of its win of America Online as a client. DoubleClick expects AOL to become its largest client and make up 5 percent of the company's revenues in 2006. Rich media is also a big focus.
"The fastest growing [area]...for us is probably rich media," said Ryan. "We've added a lot of salespeople."
Performics, which encompasses search engine and affiliate marketing, increased its revenues by 50 percent over the year-ago quarter, growing to $6.3 million.
Marketing Automation, meanwhile, had revenue of $13.5 million, up from $12 million in Q1 2004. That growth was partly due to the acquisition of SmartPath and growth in email.
DoubleClick's Data division posted revenue of $24.8 million in the first quarter, compared to $22.8 million in 1Q 2004.
For the second quarter, DoubleClick said it expected revenues to come in between $71 and $77 million, which would result in something between a $0.02 per share loss and a $0.02 per share profit.
Pamela Parker is a former managing editor of ClickZ News, Features, and Experts. She's been covering interactive advertising and marketing since the boom days of 1999, chronicling the dot-com crash and the subsequent rise of the medium. Before working at ClickZ, Parker was associate editor at @NY, a pioneering Web site and e-mail newsletter covering New York new media start-ups. Parker received a master's degree in journalism, with a concentration in new media, from Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism.
October 21-22, 2015
November 17-19, 2015
November 25-26, 2015
April 11-13, 2016
Spring 2016
US Consumer Device Preference Report
Traditionally desktops have shown to convert better than mobile devices however, 2015 might be a tipping point for mobile conversions! Download this report to find why mobile users are more important then ever.
E-Commerce Customer Lifecycle
Have you ever wondered what factors influence online spending or why shoppers abandon their cart? This data-rich infogram offers actionable insight into creating a more seamless online shopping experience across the multiple devices consumers are using.
October 13, 2015
1pm ET/ 10am PT
November 12, 2015


text: I'm going to admit this right up front: I wasn't looking forward to covering the first-ever TwitchCon. Sure, I co-host our weekly Playdate broadcasts and absolutely adore talking with our community of regulars who show up three times per week to watch us play games, but outside of that, I didn't spend time on Twitch. My worry for TwitchCon was that I'd be trapped inside Moscone West in San Francisco with thousands of screaming "personalities" -- like the guy I'd watched (for approximately 45 seconds, max) shout and swear his way through Choice Chamber, for an entire weekend. That all changed after attending a number of panels and talking with some of the biggest broadcasters on the service. This first show was one of the best events I've been to for work, period. And I recently found myself doing something I never thought: watching Twitch for fun.


text:
Select your language
We did not find any hotels in this area.
Book a hotel nearby
Rue Generaux Cuvelier 26-28, 6820 Florenville, Belgium
Florenville, Belgium - 293 m from city centre see map
Rue Du Fort 6, 6810 Chiny, Belgium
Chiny, Belgium - 405 m from city centre see map
Hotel "Le Point de Vue" (Point of View) is a small, unique and very pleasant hotel. It is situated in the most beautiful area of Belgium...
Hotel "Le Point de Vue" (Point of View) is a small, unique and very pleasant hotel. It is situated in the most beautiful area of Belgium "The Gaume", at one of the most extraordinary locations "Roc du Paradis" (Rock of Paradise) in Chiny-sur-Semois. From our hotel and terrace you'll have a magnificent view of the river Semois and the surrounding forests. Each of us, Eddy, Richard and Stephan, feels very privileged to have purchased this hotel-restaurant in the summer of 2005. Nature, with its tranquility and inspiration, guides us in our service to our guests. We therefore pay special attention to ambiance and the gastronomic side of life. We gladly invite you to visit us and experience all of this for yourself.
Our hotel comprises 15 rooms. In the main building there are 10 double rooms, which include toilet and bathroom and 1 double room with separate sleeping space for 2 children and toilet and bathroom.
The Annex, situated right next to the main building, contains 4 rooms, each with toilet and shower. These rooms are somewhat cheaper. Dogs are allowed in these 3 rooms, but they are strictly forbidden throughout the rest of the hotel.
Each room is completely equipped and boasts a view of the splendid forest nearby. Most rooms have a view of the Semois River, which lies about 20 feet below. Most rooms are decorated in original Laura Ashley-style. Every now and then we change the decoration. In the near future you will discover the atmosphere of the environment in the rooms. All rooms are non-smoking.
Our eating philosophy has honesty and authenticity as its characteristics. We use local ingredients and prepare our dishes taking account of the several seasons.
Every night we serve an honest and delicious 4-course meal. On request we can serve a vegetarian or sugar-free menu. Please mention any dietary requirements when making a reservation.
From the first of October the hunting season is underway. Our menus in autumn will be inspired by this. We will serve you all kinds of treasures from the surrounding woods. We will inform you via this website about any special weekend arrangements. The best butcher of the Ardennes is luckily located right next door to the hotel and, if you would like, you can buy high quality meats there.
For the time being lunch is only possible on reservation. In special arrangements, lunch might be a part of this.
The distance from London to Chiny is about 260 miles, via the Eurotunnel.
From Calais you follow the directions to Brussels (E402 and E42). If you come from Zeebrugge, follow the E40 to Brussels. From Brussels you take the highway E411 direction Namen and Luxembourg. You take the way out on number 26 (Neufchâteau). Go right direction Neufchâteau. Just when you enter Neufchâteau, you go right just at a small busstation on your righthand. Follow the direction to Florenville. Follow this road (passing some campings and villages like Straimont) untill you see a sign direction Chiny.
Go left to Chiny. You'll cross the forest now. At a cross with a chapel dedicated to the Holy Maria, go right in the direction of Chiny. After crossing the bridge you go the first road right (opposite a little church; watch out: it's a small road). And then you have arrived at our hotel.
On 1,5 miles there's a trainstation (Florenville). We can pick you up from the station.
In and around Chiny there is plenty to see and do.
Surrounding Chiny there are about 100 miles of (guided) hiking trails. These are versatile, and wind partly through woods and partly along the river. At many spots you will discover beautiful views. Along the way special birds and other animals will surely cross your path.
The roads around Chiny are in very good condition. Some parts are hilly. Others can be slightly steep or flat. There are tracks to suit every type of cyclist. On request we can arrange bikes for you to rent.
Just five minutes walk from our hotel you can rent a kayak or canoe to travel down the Semois River. A unique and relaxing experience!
Only 10 miles from us, just in France, there is an 18-hole golf course. The terrain of the course attracts many golf enthusiasts throughout the year. With the Semois as one of our beautiful landmarks, it's no surprise that guests are tempted to go fishing. We can arrange a (temporary) fishing permit, allowing you to fish to your heart's content.
For active people, or for employees of companies staying with us, there's a wide open terrain nearby where groups can participate in survival games or paintball. We are happy to make reservations for this.
Avenue Germain Gilson 97, 6810 Izel, Belgium
Izel, Belgium - 525 m from city centre see map
Come and experience gastronomic delights and peaceful surroundings at this romantic establishment - the realisation of the owners'...
Come and experience gastronomic delights and peaceful surroundings at this romantic establishment - the realisation of the owners' personal dream hotel.
Built in 1999 by the Flemish couple Marc and Josée Van den Broeck, this charming hotel offers excellent accommodation, furnished with soothing pastel shades. Since 2003, guests can also fully unwind in the on-site wellness centre with its swimming pool and veranda. Stroll around the hotel's own, enchanting flower garden with its bridge over the small pond.
Hiking enthusiasts will particularly appreciate the hotel's environment and the free guided tours provided by the owner or his right-hand man. You can also hop on your bike to explore the wonderful Gaume region, with its picturesque villages and churches, or engage in other outdoor activities. Back at the hotel, enjoy a game of petanque or sip your favourite beverage in the cosy bar. Don't miss Sunday evenings at Au Nid D'izel; gastronomy and dancing galore.
The 23 guest rooms are stylishly decorated and consist of 5 comfort rooms, 5 standard rooms and 13 luxurious rooms.
The hotel's restaurant is comfortable and clean, in addition to which it offers a nice atmosphere. The restaurant's concept focuses on the following 5 points: quality, price, service, friendliness and reliability.
The hotel offers meals at very competitive prices. Ronny, both the owner and the chef, prepares a variation of delectable cuisine for you to enjoy.
The hotel has recently started working with a unique concept called 'mapped rallies throughout the area'.
This brand-new concept will make your stay in the Gaume region complete. At the moment the hotel offers 10 mapped routes that will lead you along the most beautiful places and sights in the area.
Rue de Conques, 2, 6820 Florenville, Belgium
Florenville, Belgium - 8.7 km from city centre see map
Dating back to 1732, this former abbey is set in a beautiful, forested area, on the banks of the Semois River, and offers classic,...
Dating back to 1732, this former abbey is set in a beautiful, forested area, on the banks of the Semois River, and offers classic, elegant guest rooms.
Hostellerie Le Prieuré De Conques is a fully renovated guest house where you can enjoy the peace and quiet of the countryside. Benefit from free Wi-Fi connection and free parking facilities.
The tasteful interior of this residence combines authentic features of the building, such as exposed wooden beams, with a timeless design. Weather permitting, the wonderful green garden offers a great place to stroll around or sit out with your favourite drink.
Taste delicious cuisine, prepared by the owner and his son with local, seasonal products. A wide variety of French wines is available from the on-site wine cellar, which harbours more than 250 vintages.
You can easily explore the wider surroundings on a hiking or cycling trip and discover many charming villages and interesting sights in the vicinity.
1, place de la Fontaine, 08110 Carignan, France
Carignan, France - 199 m from city centre see map
Rue Du Lt. De Crepy 30, 6811 Les Bulles, Belgium
Les Bulles, Belgium - 5,552.6 km from city centre see map
Hotels Villers Devant Orval with special offers and the lowest price guaranteed.
Our search engine for hotels in Villers Devant Orval will show you the best prices, allowing you to find budget and economical hotels in Villers Devant Orval. You can make your booking immediately, with no queues or waits.
Our search engine enables you to book any type of hotel in the city of Villers Devant Orval, allowing you to select the best offers for either luxury hotels or a wide range of budget hotels and hostels in Villers Devant Orval. In order to do this, just enter the name of the city, choose the arrival and departure dates, select the number of occupants and type of room, and click on find hotels. As an extra option, you can also search by category and/or accommodation regime, from 'accommodation only' to 'all-inclusive'.
Once you have made the search for a hotel in Villers Devant Orval we will show you an extensive list of offers, ordered in accordance with our criteria. Obviously the results can also be ordered by name, category, approximate price or based on the evaluations by our clients. We also provide a small description of the accommodation in Villers Devant Orval that you selected, so that you can decide whether or not it responds to your expectations.
In the cheap hotels in Villers Devant Orval search results, you can filter and find hotels ranging from those with hot tubs to those with spas to allow you maximum relaxation. For instance, one of the most frequent queries to escape the summer heat are for hotels with pools. You will also find other types useful filters, such as those that select hotels with access for disabled people, with restaurants or with Internet access. Of course you can also find medium to high category accommodation, such as a four-star hotel in Villers Devant Orval.
In addition, we also provide you with the location of all the accommodation on a map, so that you can choose a hotel in the centre of Villers Devant Orval or near the place that interests you the most. We know that many of our clients want central hotels in Villers Devant Orval or those that are near certain points of interest, so if you want a hotel in Villers Devant Orval near a specific site, check out this filter as it could be useful.
On the other hand, our search engine also works to help you find more specific types of accommodation, such as a charming hotel in Villers Devant Orval. If you just want to spend a few days with your partner, you can also book romantic hotels in Villers Devant Orval. Our principal aim when you search for hotels in Villers Devant Orval is to provide you with the best offers and the highest quality.
The detailed information on each hotel includes its address, whether it has a minibar service, its telephone number and whether it offers free services.
Find your hotel in Villers Devant Orval now, with our cheap hotels search engine!


text:
JAWS undoubtedly dropped on college campuses across Oklahoma when Gov. Mary Fallin proposed a nearly $50 million cut in the higher education budget for the coming fiscal year. But money isn't the only concern of college officials this year.
Like other functions of state government, higher ed isn't immune to legislators' knack for getting distracted by bills that don't serve the state and its people all that well.
For years, higher ed has been fighting legislation to allow guns on campuses. This year's no different. Last week, the state House passed a bill that could allow licensed handgun owners to carry weapons on campus without prior written consent. Rep. John Enns, R-Enid, said the bill also would give school authorities freedom to ban weapons from campus.
Rep. Jerry McPeak, D-Warner, warned that the bill was a bad idea. A former college dean, McPeak described a time he successfully disarmed a drunk college student who was carrying a shotgun. "My students normally made good decisions until they consumed alcohol. Then their decisions weren't so good anymore," he said.
While that's far from the best defense we've heard for a ban of guns on campus except under special circumstances with the written permission of administrators, McPeak's concerns aren't without merit. In fact, protecting college campuses is one of higher ed's chief legislative agenda items.
"There is no scenario in which allowing guns on campuses will do anything other than create a more dangerous environment for our students, faculty and visitors," according to the legislative agenda posted on the state regents' website. "In the past six legislative sessions, bills have either been introduced or discussed that would allow guns on campus. Each attempt has been successfully defeated ... ensuring similar legislation does not become law will continue to be a state system priority."
The Oklahoma's Promise college scholarship program for low- to middle-income families also seems a perennial target of perhaps well-meaning but misguided lawmakers. This year, at least one bill would have the effect of further restricting access to the program to students who may need it the most.
Continue reading this story on the...


text:
emacs / man / fixit.texi
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325
@c This is part of the Emacs manual.
@c Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 1997 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@c See file emacs.texi for copying conditions.
@node Fixit, Files, Search, Top
@chapter Commands for Fixing Typos
@cindex typos, fixing
@cindex mistakes, correcting
In this chapter we describe the commands that are especially useful for
the times when you catch a mistake in your text just after you have made
it, or change your mind while composing text on the fly.
The most fundamental command for correcting erroneous editing is the
undo command, @kbd{C-x u} or @kbd{C-_}. This command undoes a single
command (usually), a part of a command (in the case of
@code{query-replace}), or several consecutive self-inserting characters.
Consecutive repetitions of @kbd{C-_} or @kbd{C-x u} undo earlier and
earlier changes, back to the limit of the undo information available.
@xref{Undo}, for for more information.
* Kill Errors:: Commands to kill a batch of recently entered text.
* Transpose:: Exchanging two characters, words, lines, lists...
* Fixing Case:: Correcting case of last word entered.
* Spelling:: Apply spelling checker to a word, or a whole file.
@end menu
@node Kill Errors
@section Killing Your Mistakes
@table @kbd
@item @key{DEL}
Delete last character (@code{delete-backward-char}).
@item M-@key{DEL}
Kill last word (@code{backward-kill-word}).
@item C-x @key{DEL}
Kill to beginning of sentence (@code{backward-kill-sentence}).
@end table
The @key{DEL} character (@code{delete-backward-char}) is the most
important correction command. It deletes the character before point.
When @key{DEL} follows a self-inserting character command, you can think
of it as canceling that command. However, avoid the mistake of thinking
of @key{DEL} as a general way to cancel a command!
When your mistake is longer than a couple of characters, it might be
more convenient to use @kbd{M-@key{DEL}} or @kbd{C-x @key{DEL}}.
@kbd{M-@key{DEL}} kills back to the start of the last word, and @kbd{C-x
@key{DEL}} kills back to the start of the last sentence. @kbd{C-x
@key{DEL}} is particularly useful when you change your mind about the
phrasing of the text you are writing. @kbd{M-@key{DEL}} and @kbd{C-x
@key{DEL}} save the killed text for @kbd{C-y} and @kbd{M-y} to
retrieve. @xref{Yanking}.@refill
@kbd{M-@key{DEL}} is often useful even when you have typed only a few
characters wrong, if you know you are confused in your typing and aren't
sure exactly what you typed. At such a time, you cannot correct with
@key{DEL} except by looking at the screen to see what you did. Often it
requires less thought to kill the whole word and start again.
@node Transpose
@section Transposing Text
@table @kbd
@item C-t
Transpose two characters (@code{transpose-chars}).
@item M-t
Transpose two words (@code{transpose-words}).
@item C-M-t
Transpose two balanced expressions (@code{transpose-sexps}).
@item C-x C-t
Transpose two lines (@code{transpose-lines}).
@end table
@kindex C-t
@findex transpose-chars
The common error of transposing two characters can be fixed, when they
are adjacent, with the @kbd{C-t} command (@code{transpose-chars}). Normally,
@kbd{C-t} transposes the two characters on either side of point. When
given at the end of a line, rather than transposing the last character of
the line with the newline, which would be useless, @kbd{C-t} transposes the
last two characters on the line. So, if you catch your transposition error
right away, you can fix it with just a @kbd{C-t}. If you don't catch it so
fast, you must move the cursor back to between the two transposed
characters. If you transposed a space with the last character of the word
before it, the word motion commands are a good way of getting there.
Otherwise, a reverse search (@kbd{C-r}) is often the best way.
@kindex C-x C-t
@findex transpose-lines
@kindex M-t
@findex transpose-words
@kindex C-M-t
@findex transpose-sexps
@kbd{M-t} (@code{transpose-words}) transposes the word before point
with the word after point. It moves point forward over a word, dragging
the word preceding or containing point forward as well. The punctuation
characters between the words do not move. For example, @w{@samp{FOO, BAR}}
transposes into @w{@samp{BAR, FOO}} rather than @samp{@w{BAR FOO,}}.
@kbd{C-M-t} (@code{transpose-sexps}) is a similar command for transposing
two expressions (@pxref{Lists}), and @kbd{C-x C-t} (@code{transpose-lines})
exchanges lines. They work like @kbd{M-t} except in determining the
division of the text into syntactic units.
A numeric argument to a transpose command serves as a repeat count: it
tells the transpose command to move the character (word, sexp, line)
before or containing point across several other characters (words,
sexps, lines). For example, @kbd{C-u 3 C-t} moves the character before
point forward across three other characters. It would change
@samp{f@point{}oobar} into @samp{oobf@point{}ar}. This is equivalent to
repeating @kbd{C-t} three times. @kbd{C-u - 4 M-t} moves the word
before point backward across four words. @kbd{C-u - C-M-t} would cancel
the effect of plain @kbd{C-M-t}.@refill
A numeric argument of zero is assigned a special meaning (because
otherwise a command with a repeat count of zero would do nothing): to
transpose the character (word, sexp, line) ending after point with the
one ending after the mark.
@node Fixing Case
@section Case Conversion
@table @kbd
@item M-- M-l
Convert last word to lower case. Note @kbd{Meta--} is Meta-minus.
@item M-- M-u
Convert last word to all upper case.
@item M-- M-c
Convert last word to lower case with capital initial.
@end table
@kindex M-@t{-} M-l
@kindex M-@t{-} M-u
@kindex M-@t{-} M-c
A very common error is to type words in the wrong case. Because of this,
the word case-conversion commands @kbd{M-l}, @kbd{M-u} and @kbd{M-c} have a
special feature when used with a negative argument: they do not move the
cursor. As soon as you see you have mistyped the last word, you can simply
case-convert it and go on typing. @xref{Case}.@refill
@node Spelling
@section Checking and Correcting Spelling
@cindex spelling, checking and correcting
@cindex checking spelling
@cindex correcting spelling
This section describes the commands to check the spelling of a single
word or of a portion of a buffer. These commands work with the spelling
checker program Ispell, which is not part of Emacs.
@xref{Top, Ispell, Overview ispell, ispell.info, The Ispell Manual}.
@end ifinfo
@table @kbd
@item M-x flyspell-mode
Enable Flyspell mode, which highlights all misspelled words.
@item M-$
Check and correct spelling of the word at point (@code{ispell-word}).
@item M-@key{TAB}
Complete the word before point based on the spelling dictionary
@item M-x ispell
Spell-check the active region or the current buffer.
@item M-x ispell-buffer
Check and correct spelling of each word in the buffer.
@item M-x ispell-region
Check and correct spelling of each word in the region.
@item M-x ispell-message
Check and correct spelling of each word in a draft mail message,
excluding cited material.
@item M-x ispell-change-dictionary @key{RET} @var{dict} @key{RET}
Restart the Ispell process, using @var{dict} as the dictionary.
@item M-x ispell-kill-ispell
Kill the Ispell subprocess.
@end table
@cindex Flyspell mode
@findex flyspell-mode
Flyspell mode is a fully-automatic way to check spelling as you edit
in Emacs. It operates by checking words as you change or insert them.
When it finds a word that it does not recognize, it highlights that
word. This does not interfere with your editing, but when you see the
highlighted word, you can move to it and fix it. Type @kbd{M-x
flyspell-mode} to enable or disable this mode in the current buffer.
When Flyspell mode highlights a word as misspelled, you can click on
it with @kbd{Mouse-2} to display a menu of possible corrections and
actions. You can also correct the word by editing it manually in any
way you like.
The other Emacs spell-checking features check or look up words when
you give an explicit command to do so. Checking all or part of the
buffer is useful when you have text that was written outside of this
Emacs session and might contain any number of misspellings.
@kindex M-$
@findex ispell-word
To check the spelling of the word around or next to point, and
optionally correct it as well, use the command @kbd{M-$}
(@code{ispell-word}). If the word is not correct, the command offers
you various alternatives for what to do about it.
@findex ispell-buffer
@findex ispell-region
To check the entire current buffer, use @kbd{M-x ispell-buffer}. Use
@kbd{M-x ispell-region} to check just the current region. To check
spelling in an email message you are writing, use @kbd{M-x
ispell-message}; that checks the whole buffer, but does not check
material that is indented or appears to be cited from other messages.
@findex ispell
@cindex spell-checking the active region
The @kbd{M-x ispell} command spell-checks the active region if the
Transient Mark mode is on (@pxref{Transient Mark}), otherwise it
spell-checks the current buffer.
Each time these commands encounter an incorrect word, they ask you
what to do. They display a list of alternatives, usually including
several ``near-misses''---words that are close to the word being
checked. Then you must type a character. Here are the valid responses:
@table @kbd
@item @key{SPC}
Skip this word---continue to consider it incorrect, but don't change it
@item r @var{new} @key{RET}
Replace the word (just this time) with @var{new}.
@item R @var{new} @key{RET}
Replace the word with @var{new}, and do a @code{query-replace} so you
can replace it elsewhere in the buffer if you wish.
@item @var{digit}
Replace the word (just this time) with one of the displayed
near-misses. Each near-miss is listed with a digit; type that digit to
select it.
@item a
Accept the incorrect word---treat it as correct, but only in this
editing session.
@item A
Accept the incorrect word---treat it as correct, but only in this
editing session and for this buffer.
@item i
Insert this word in your private dictionary file so that Ispell will
consider it correct it from now on, even in future sessions.
@item u
Insert the lower-case version of this word in your private dictionary
@item m
Like @kbd{i}, but you can also specify dictionary completion
@item l @var{word} @key{RET}
Look in the dictionary for words that match @var{word}. These words
become the new list of ``near-misses''; you can select one of them to
replace with by typing a digit. You can use @samp{*} in @var{word} as a
@item C-g
Quit interactive spell checking. You can restart it again afterward
with @kbd{C-u M-$}.
@item X
Same as @kbd{C-g}.
@item x
Quit interactive spell checking and move point back to where it was
when you started spell checking.
@item q
Quit interactive spell checking and kill the Ispell subprocess.
@item C-l
Refresh the screen.
@item C-z
This key has its normal command meaning (suspend Emacs or iconify this
@end table
@findex ispell-complete-word
The command @code{ispell-complete-word}, which is bound to the key
@kbd{M-@key{TAB}} in Text mode and related modes, shows a list of
completions based on spelling correction. Insert the beginning of a
word, and then type @kbd{M-@key{TAB}}; the command displays a completion
list window. To choose one of the completions listed, click
@kbd{Mouse-2} on it, or move the cursor there in the completions window
and type @key{RET}. @xref{Text Mode}.
@findex reload-ispell
The first time you use any of the spell checking commands, it starts
an Ispell subprocess. The first thing the subprocess does is read your
private dictionary, which defaults to the file @file{~/ispell.words}.
Words that you ``insert'' with the @kbd{i} command are added to that
file, but not right away---only at the end of the interactive
replacement procedure. Use the @kbd{M-x reload-ispell} command to
reload your private dictionary if you edit the file outside of Ispell.
@end ignore
@cindex @code{ispell} program
@findex ispell-kill-ispell
Once started, the Ispell subprocess continues to run (waiting for
something to do), so that subsequent spell checking commands complete
more quickly. If you want to get rid of the Ispell process, use
@kbd{M-x ispell-kill-ispell}. This is not usually necessary, since the
process uses no time except when you do spelling correction.
@vindex ispell-dictionary
Ispell uses two dictionaries: the standard dictionary and your private
dictionary. The variable @code{ispell-dictionary} specifies the file
name of the standard dictionary to use. A value of @code{nil} says to
use the default dictionary. The command @kbd{M-x
ispell-change-dictionary} sets this variable and then restarts the
Ispell subprocess, so that it will use a different dictionary.


text:
Healthy Makeover: New England Clam Chowder
Cream, potatoes, and salt pork or bacon give classic chowder its rich flavor. What else they add: about 370 calories and 22 grams of fat per serving. To slim the dish — by more than half the calories and cholesterol — we trimmed the bacon, swapped reduced-fat milk for cream, and stirred in flour in place of several starchy potatoes.
Total Time:
Level: Moderate
Yield: 6 servings
Serves: 6
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
- 1½ c. water
- 12 large cherrystone or chowder clams
- 2 slice bacon
- 1 medium onion
- 1 medium carrot
- 1 stalk celery
- 2 tbsp. all-purpose flour
- 1 large potato
- 2 c. reduced-fat (2%) milk
- pepper
- 1 tbsp. snipped fresh chives
- In 4-quart saucepan, heat water to boiling on high. Add clams; heat to boiling. Reduce heat to medium-low; cover and simmer 10 minutes or until clams open, transferring clams to bowl as they open. Discard any unopened clams
- Into 4-cup liquid measuring cup, strain clam broth through sieve lined with paper towel. Add water to broth to equal 2 1/2 cups total.
- Rinse saucepan to remove any grit. In same saucepan, cook bacon on medium until browned. With slotted spoon, transfer bacon to paper towels to drain. To bacon fat in pan, add onion, carrot, and celery, and cook 9 to 10 minutes or until tender, stirring occasionally.
- Meanwhile, remove clams from shells and coarsely chop.
- Stir flour into vegetable mixture; cook 1 minute, stirring. Gradually stir in clam broth. Add potato; heat to boiling. Cover; simmer on low 12 minutes or until potato is tender, stirring occasionally. Stir in milk, clams, 1/8 teaspoon pepper, and bacon; heat through (do not boil). Sprinkle with chives to serve.
More recipes like this
What do you think?
14 Genius Tricks to Keep Fresh Food From Spoiling Fast
Because you didn't pay $4.50 for a pint of moldy strawberries.
Prince Harry and William Ate These Mouse Cupcakes
And now you can, too!
How to Brew the Perfect Cup of Coffee
Everything you need to know — from the beans to the temperature.
McDonald's Will Soon Start Serving Organic Burgers
But there's only one place to get them.
More From Food & Recipes


text:
Alkaline earth imidazolate coordination polymers by solvent free melt synthesis as potential host lattices for rare earth photoluminescence: X∞[AE(Im) 2(ImH) 2-3], Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, x = 1-2
ABSTRACT The series of alkaline earth elements magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium yields single crystalline imidazolate coordination polymers by reactions of the metals with a melt of 1H-imidazole: (1)(∞)[Mg(Im)(2)(ImH)(3)] (1), (2)(∞)[AE(Im)(2)(ImH)(2)], AE = Ca (2), Sr (3), and (1)(∞)[Ba(Im)(2)(ImH)(2)] (4). No additional solvents were used for the reactions. Co-doping experiments by addition of the rare earth elements cerium, europium and terbium were carried out. They indicate (2)(∞)[Sr(Im)(2)(ImH)(2)] as a possible host lattice for cerium(III) photoluminescence showing a blue emission and thus a novel blue emitting hybrid material phosphor 3:Ce(3+). Co-doping with europium and terbium is also possible but resulted in formation of (3)(∞)[Sr(Im)(2)]:Ln, Ln = Eu and Tb (5), with both exhibiting green emission of either Eu(2+) or Tb(3+). The other alkaline earth elements do not show acceptance of the rare earth ions investigated and a different structural chemistry. For magnesium and barium one-dimensional strand structures are observed whereas calcium and strontium give two-dimensional network structures. Combined with an increase of the ionic radii of AE(2+) the coordinative demand is also increasing from Mg(2+) to Ba(2+), reflected by four different crystal structures for the four elements Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba in 1-4. Different linkages of the imidazolate ligands result in a change from complete σ-N coordination in 1 to additional η(5)-π coordination in 4. The success of co-doping with different lanthanide ions is based on a match in the chemical behaviour and cationic radii. The use of strontium for host lattices with imidazole is a rare example in coordination chemistry of co-doping with small amounts of luminescence centers and successfully reduces the amount of high price rare earth elements in hybrid materials while maintaining the properties. All compounds are examples of pure N-coordinated coordination polymers of the alkaline earth metals and were identified by single crystal X-ray analysis and powder diffraction. The degree of co-doping was determined by SEM/EDX. Mid IR, Far IR and Raman spectroscopy and micro analyses as well as simultaneous DTA/TG were also carried out to characterize the products in addition to the photoluminescence studies of the co-doped samples.
Article: Luminescence tuning of MOFs via ligand to metal and metal to metal energy transfer by co-doping of 2∞[Gd2Cl6(bipy)3]·2bipy with europium and terbium[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The series of anhydrous lanthanide chlorides LnCl3, Ln = Pr-Tb, and 4,4[prime or minute]-bipyridine (bipy) constitute isotypic MOFs of the formula 2[infinity][Ln2Cl6(bipy)3][middle dot]2bipy. The europium and terbium containing compounds both exhibit luminescence of the referring trivalent lanthanide ions, giving a red luminescence for Eu3+ and a green luminescence for Tb3+ triggered by an efficient antenna effect of the 4,4[prime or minute]-bipyridine linkers. Mixing of different lanthanides in one MOF structure was undertaken to investigate the potential of this MOF system for colour tuning of the luminescence. Based on the gadolinium containing compound, co-doping with different amounts of europium and terbium proves successful and yields solid solutions of the formula 2[infinity][Gd2-x-yEuxTbyCl6(bipy)3][middle dot]2bipy (1-8), 0 [less-than-or-equal] x, y [less-than-or-equal] 0.5. The series of MOFs exhibits the opportunity of tuning the emission colour in-between green and red. Depending on the atomic ratio Gd:Eu:Tb, the yellow region was covered for the first time for an oxygen/carboxylate-free MOF system. In addition to a ligand to metal energy transfer (LMET) from the lowest ligand-centered triplet state of 4,4[prime or minute]-bipyridine, a metal to metal energy transfer (MMET) between 4f-levels from Tb3+ to Eu3+ is as well vital for the emission colour. However, no involvement of Gd3+ in energy transfers is observed rendering it a suitable host lattice ion and connectivity centre for diluting the other two rare earth ions in the solid state. The materials retain their luminescence during activation of the MOFs for microporosity.Journal of Materials Chemistry 05/2012; 22(20):10179-10187. DOI:10.1039/C2JM15571K · 7.44 Impact Factor
Article: Capture and Characterization of a Iron(II) Precursor Complex [FeCl3(Hpipz)(pipz)] for Coordination Polymer Synthesis from a Piperazine Melt †‡[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: By reacting iron(III) chloride with a melt of piperazine, the complex [FeCl3(Hpipz)(pipz)] is formed containing equatorial chloride anions and axial piperazine ligands constituting a trigonal bipyramidal coordination polyhedron. The obtained product is an example for the capture of a precursor complex under melt conditions for the formation of coordination polymers and is thus of limited crystallinity. Characterization was achieved by solution and refinement of the crystal structure by a combination of powder X-ray diffraction, geometrical optimization methods, 57Fe-Mößbauer, and IR spectroscopy, magnetic investigations, and elemental analysis. In addition, corroboration by X-ray single crystal data was used to prove the results from powder diffraction as suitable single crystals were finally achieved by modification of the synthesis with the auxiliary solvent pyridine.Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 10/2012; 638(12‐13). DOI:10.1002/zaac.201200148 · 1.16 Impact Factor
Article: Four Alkali-Induced 3D Strontium(II) Coordination Polymers Constructed from Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylate: Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties[Show abstract] [Hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Four alkali-induced 3D coordination polymers, namely [Sr(HIDC)(H3IDC)(H2O)]n·nH2O (1), [Sr(HIDC)]n (2), [Sr3(HIDC)2(H2IDC)4]n (3), and [Sr2(HIDC)2]n (4), were constructed from strontium(II) and imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (H3IDC) and were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG, PL, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 is an eca net with the Schläfli symbol of (39.412.57) by considering the SrII cation as an 8-connected node. Complex 2 presents a rare 5-connected network with Schäfli symbol of (45.65) when the SrII cation and HIDC2– dianion are viewed as 5-connected nodes. Complex 3 is a complicated 3D network, which can be regarded as a H2IDC– monoanion sustained porous framework filled by another HIDC2– dianion and H2IDC– monoanion. Complex 4 exhibits a 3D porous framework with 1D trigonal hydrophobic channels. The ligand H3IDC in the four complexes exists as the H3IDC molecule, the H2IDC– monoanion, and the HIDC2– dianion. In addition, the μ2 (κ1N:κ1O:κ1O) mode of the H3IDC molecule in complex 1, the μ3 (κ1O:κ1O:κ1O:κ1O) and μ3 (κ1N:κ1O:κ1O:κ1O) modes of the H2IDC– monoanion in complex 3, as well as the μ5 (κ1N:κ2O:κ1O:κ2O:κ1O) and μ6 (κ1N:κ2O:κ2O:κ2O:κ2O) modes of the HIDC2– dianion in complexes 2 and 4 are reported for the first time. Diverse topological architectures of the four complexes depend mainly on the coordination spheres of the SrII cation, the coordination modes of the anions, the different alkali, and the ligand to alkali ratio. TG analysis indicates that complex 2 presents high thermal stability, while the TG curve and temperature-dependent PXRD spectra of complex 4 indicate that its framework is stable up to 350 °C. Moreover, the solid-state luminescent properties demonstrate that complexes 1 to 4 exhibit strong blue emission at room temperature.Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 11/2012; 2012(33). DOI:10.1002/ejic.201200796 · 2.94 Impact Factor


text:
120 West Lake Dr
Medicine Park, OK 73557
Originally established in the early 1900s as a cluster of six rental cottages in this turn-of-the-century resort town, ... read more...
6820 County Rd 373
Eucha, OK 74342
Nestled among the trees on Drowning Creek on Oklahoma's beautiful Grand Lake O' The Cherokees, visitors to Wildwood Cove ... read more...
Chickasaw Trail
Davis, OK 73030
The AL Hideaway Cabin in Davis is conveniently located less than a mile from Arbuckle Lake. This cozy cabin in the woods ... read more...
Beavers Bend Dream Cabin Rentals
Various locations
Broken Bow, OK 74728
Beavers Bend Dream Cabin Rentals offers a variety of cabins for the perfect getaway while visiting Beavers Bend State ... read more...
2019 S Range Rd
Stillwater, OK 74074
Headquarter your next Stillwater getaway at the Dancing Deer Lodge. With its rural location, the lodge offers the best ... read more...
15448 Texoma Christian Camp Rd
Kingston, OK 73439
Located on Texoma south of Kingston, the Texoma Christian Camp offers individual and dormitory cabins. Six RV sites with ... read more...
Rt 1 Box 254
Eufaula, OK 74432
Located in a secluded location on Lake Eufaula, Whistler's Point offers two, one bedroom cabins that can accommodate ... read more...
Terra Starr RV Park & Campground
420589 E 1147 Rd
Checotah, OK 74426
Terra Starr RV Park & Campground near Checotah offers 11 cabins, 145 RV sites with full hookups and 145 partial ... read more...
Lucian Sorrels Rd
Hochatown, OK 74728
Offering 12 unique luxury properties, Heartpine Hollow Cabins can accommodate from two to fourteen people. ... read more...
13947 Reel Ln
Madill, OK 73446
Bridgeview Marina & Resort is a family recreation area on Lake Texoma. Whether you're looking to stay in cozy ... read more...
63612 Hawk Lane
Smithville, OK 74957
Enjoy a secluded getaway complete with all the amenities of home at Kiamichi Mountain Villa in Smithville. Conveniently ... read more...
4721 Primrose Ln
Sulphur, OK 73086
Located in the heart of the Arbuckle Mountains, an ancient mountain range in south central Oklahoma, the lodge has three ... read more...
1806 Longs Dr
Grove, OK 74344
Long's Resort in Grove is a small fishing resort situated on a deep water cove of beautiful Honey Creek on ... read more...
6372 E 101 St N
Wagoner, OK 74467
Sequoyah Bay Marina & Cabins located on Fort Gibson Lake is ideal for a weekend getaway or fishing trip. There are ... read more...
510 Ealey Dr
Davis, OK 73030
Enjoy the beauty of Turner Falls Park in Davis from a luxury villa overlooking the river and surrounding ... read more...
PO Box 444
Broken Bow, OK 74728
If you're looking for a romantic getaway with your special person, a relaxing weekend with a few close friends or a ... read more...
888-932-2246, 214-228-3393
Choate Rd off of Hwy 259
Hochatown, OK 74728
Cedar Creek Cabins & Resort is located 11 miles north of Broken Bow near Beavers Bend State Park in the Kiamichi ... read more...
2131 Sioux Dr
Sulphur, OK 73086
Venture to Claxton's Cabins in Sulphur for a vacation you will never forget. These cozy cabins are within 10 minutes ... read more...
Choctaw Rd
Tuskahoma, OK 74574
Our cabins provide everything a vacationer may need, including a full kitchen, heat and air conditioning, and large ... read more...
7505 S Big Canyon Rd
Dougherty, OK 73032
For a relaxing and unique getaway in south-central Oklahoma, look no further than Rock Creek Retreat. Located in ... read more...
800-368-1486, 918-772-2545
17131 Park 10
Hulbert, OK 74441
Sequoyah State Park, located in eastern Oklahoma on the shores of Fort Gibson Lake, is a haven for water lovers and ... read more...
HC 67 Box 1736
Rattan, OK 74562
Discover tree-covered trails through rivers, canyons, hills and valleys, as the wilderness beckons with pathways all its ... read more...
1429 W Palmer Rd
Sulphur, OK 73086
If you're looking for a private getaway or even a secluded spot for a fishing trip, try Flying Low Cabin in Sulphur ... read more...
Salina, OK 74365
Remove yourself from the stress of everyday life at Chimney Rock Hollow. Lose yourself on the sprawling 320 acres by ... read more...
866-430-3438, 580-494-6320
RR 4 Box 62-4
Broken Bow, OK 74728
Offering eight different cabins and travel trailer rentals, the family friendly Sleepy Hollow Cabins in Beavers Bend is ... read more...
Hwy 70 E
Hugo, OK 74743
Located in scenic southeastern Oklahoma, this long established recreation destination offers family fun, boating, ... read more...
115020 S 4196 Rd
Checotah, OK 74426
Six furnished, modern log cabins located on a quiet cove of beautiful Lake Eufaula. Each cabin has two queen size beds ... read more...
800-891-5531, 918-786-5531
63251 E 256 Rd
Grove, OK 74344
Blue Bluff Harbor Resort is located in the Elk River area of Grand Lake just north of Grove. Here you'll find 1,200 feet ... read more...
HC 68 Box 106
Nashoba, OK 74558
Wild Horse Trail Camp, located in the Kiamichi Mountains on 3,000 acres, specializes in peaceful stays, excellent food ... read more...
122-B W Lake Dr
Medicine Park, OK 73557
The Bonnie & Clyde Cottage in Medicine Park got its name after 1930s outlaws Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow ... read more...
901 Lasso Lane
Freedom, OK 73842
Freedom Cabins in Freedom, Oklahoma offer very clean, smoke free, ultra-comfortable, overnight, weekly and monthly ... read more...
101 & 103 E Lake Dr
Medicine Park, OK 73557
Grandma's Cabin is a quaint two-story cobblestone cabin situated in serene Medicine Park. Surrounded by the Wichita ... read more...
10574 Vernon Dr
Davis, OK 73030
Nestled in the Arbuckle Mountains of south-central Oklahoma, Donna's Cottage in Davis is a spacious property that ... read more...
35740 US Hwy 59 S
Poteau, OK 74953
Long Lake Resort in Poteau offers cabin rentals, duplex units and an RV park located on one of two privately owned, ... read more...
Stonewall, OK 74871
Explore south-central Oklahoma's Dos Equis Ranch for a memorable outdoor adventure. With over 900 acres of ... read more...
866-465-2609, 580-981-7077
Hwy 259A
Broken Bow, OK 74728
Cozy Cabins in Broken Bow has everything you need for a comfortable stay. These cabins are located one mile from Beavers ... read more...
877-471-0046, 918-288-2332
12301 CrossTimbers Marina Dr
Sperry, OK 74073
For the finest lakefront living that is both comfortable and convenient, visit the CrossTimbers Marina Cottages in ... read more...
800-561-8779, 706-882-9351
Broken Bow, OK
Hunter's Ridge Cabins in offers three cabins in beautiful Hochatown. Conveniently located near Lake Broken Bow and ... read more...
45416 Cemetery Rd
Maud, OK 74854
Come and enjoy the peace and quiet in a beautiful country setting. Located on 180 acres of a working cattle ranch near ... read more...
HC 75 Box 308-10
Broken Bow, OK 74728
Wilderness Lakefront Resort has cabins located on the north end of beautiful Broken Bow Lake, near Beavers Bend in ... read more...
Email: email@example.com


text:
William Glass McCaw
Position: G-E
Height: 6-2 Weight: 194 lbs.
Born: February 6, 1898 in St. Paul, MN
Died: April 19, 1942 in Bloomington, IN
High School: Bloomington
College: Indiana (school history)
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 0 (14760th overall since 1950)
Promote your website or business by sponsoring this page for $5 on Pro-Football-Reference.com. Your message will replace this ad.


text:
Already a Member? Log In
By clicking the button above, you agree to LoopNet's Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
Copy the code above and use it on your web site.
You may enter a US or Canadian location in the following formats:
For additional search options, go to
Advanced Search
Advanced Search
Advanced Search
Advanced Search.
Browse More Listings in Industrial For Lease,
37,800 square foot industrial office / showroom / warehouse. Zoned M-1 Industrial. 100% wet system sprinklers. Clear Height 14 feet. 4 dock doors & 8 drive-ins. Rooftop HVAC units. Tenant improvements to suit. Negotiable Lease rate.
Easy access to Hwy F and Interstate 94. Execellent visibility and access to Main Street in Sussex. Flex building with 9,920 SF contiguous available. Can be combined to accomodate a variety of office, showroom, distribution and light industrial uses. Negotiable lease rate.
Media caption will be displayed here under the location
It apprears that there's a network issue. Please try sending the message again.
Email address already exists. Please log in and send the message again or use another email address.
There is an unknown exception.
By clicking "Contact Listing Broker", you are indicating that you have read, understood, and agree to LoopNet's Terms and Conditions.
New to LoopNet? No problem. As a courtesy, LoopNet will automatically create a free account so that you can access more listing details, setup new listing alerts, and more.
We will not share your email address. View our Privacy Policy.
Copy the code to embed this video on your website.


text:
Newegg.com - A great place to buy computers, computer parts, electronics, software, accessories, and DVDs online. With great prices, fast shipping, and top-rated customer service - once you know, you Newegg.
If you are reading this message, Please click this link to reload this page.(Do not use your browser's "Refresh" button). Please email us if you're running the latest version of your browser and you still see this message.
Newegg.com - Computer Parts, Laptops, Electronics, HDTVs, Digital Cameras and More!
Showing Results: Most Recent
This review is from: Microsoft Wireless Mobile Mouse 4000 for Business Black 4 Buttons Tilt Wheel USB 2.4 GHz RF BlueTrack 1000 dpi
Pros: Great sensativity, feels good in your hand, light, works as well as a wired mouse
Cons: This mouse has a design problem: it began double-clicking about six months after the purchase.
Other Thoughts: I didn't buy this from NewEgg but I thought I'd comment anyway.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Kingston DataTraveler SE9 G2 64GB USB 3.0 Flash Drive (Metal casing) Model DTSE9G2/64GB
Pros: Sleek design, good data rates
Cons: Failed after only three months: Windows stopped recognizing it; could be heat related.
Other Thoughts: I have a small IT business and have used countless flash drives and SD cards over the years and this is the very first one that has failed. I bought it for it's sleek metal case and, of course, it's relatively high capacity. It was never abused or used in a harsh environment. I'm sure that Kingston will replace it but it will be interesting to see if the new one lasts longer. I expect at least five years from a flash drive.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Ubiquiti NanoStation LocoM2 , N150 2.4 GHz 2x2 MIMO Nano Station
Pros: Super long range: I tested a pair of these boxes at 1000 ft (line of site through two rows of trees) and they worked great. They also worked from inside two buildings at 500 ft.
The bar graph LEDs are a plus since they indicate a connected bridge. They are weatherproof and easy to mount. They are cheap and the setup page is easy to navigate.
Cons: They should come with an adjustable wall mounting bracket since few people will actually mount them to a pole. I had to use a flagpole holder and a short piece of 1" PVC pipe.
Other Thoughts: I have a small IT business and these units fill a niche that I have been trying to fill for a few years.READ FULL REVIEW
Display Name: douglas s.
Date Joined: 07/16/03
Some manufacturers place restrictions on how details of their products may be communicated.


text:
|The Solution: DIY
Instead of taking a gamble by buying Adirondack chair plans, save time and money by purchasing an Adirondack chair kit (the Premier Adirondack Chair Kit is an excellent choice). An Adirondack chair kit has everything you need to construct an attractive, relaxing outdoor chair. The directions are clear and precise, and you even get an estimation of how long the project will take. Best of all, everything is included. Pre-cut and shaped Adirondack pieces and all the hardware you need is included with our Adirondack chair kits.
The adirondack chair kits you'll find here are an efficient alternative to buying Adirondack chair plans. Searching for, buying, and cutting the wood you need, plus getting all the hardware makes using an Adirondack chair plan time-consuming and cumbersome. With our Adirondack chair kits, you can build more chairs in less time!
Not sure DIY is for you? Try these partially assembled, unfinished chairs!


text:
This job posting is no longer available on Indeed.
Find similar jobs:Litigation Paralegal Legal Assistant jobs
Busy midtown Manhattan single lawyer boutique firm seeks high energy, extremely organized, computer savvy, full-time litigation paralegal/legal assistant who is a quick learner with 3+ years of experience and a Bachelors Degree. The right candidate should be able to efficiently handle multiple takes, and must be proficient in Microsoft Word and WordPerfect. Knowledge of PCLaw a plus. Salary commensurate with experience. Position to start immediately. No lawyers please.
Email this job to a friend


text:
If Only: The Best Unmade Movies of 2012
The end of the year is often a time of reflection, with "Best Of" lists seemingly everywhere. Since 2006, the "Black List" has rounded up the most popular movies that weren't—that is, unproduced screenplays that make the rounds in Tinseltown each calendar year but don't get made. Hollywood executives rank the scripts.
The 2012 "Black List" has been released, and it's worth a quick scan, film buff or not.
Just because potential movies make the list doesn't mean they'll never make it to the big screen. On the contrary, the Black List might offer a peek at what's to come. Juno and The Social Network topped Black Lists in years past. (To make the list, a script needs at least six mentions by Hollywood execs.)
Here are three scripts from this year's list that I'd love to see make it to theaters.
• Rodham: An exploration of Hillary Rodham Clinton's experiences as a young lawyer with the House Judiciary Committee during the Watergate scandal (before she married Bill). The script follows Hillary as she chooses between politics and her relationship with the future president.
• JoJo Rabbit: The story of a 10-year-old boy who is injured by a grenade at a Hitler youth camp and discovers his mother is hiding a 15-year-old Jewish girl in their home during World War II.
• Draft Day: A Buffalo Bills' general manager must make tough NFL Draft Day decisions to save the team. This one reportedly has Kevin Costner attached.
Which "Black List" choices would you like to see make it to filming?
Thanks! You're on our list.
And your life's about to get more interesting.
Just found the worst page in the entire dictionary. What I saw was disgraceful, disgusting, dishonest, and disingenuous.
Client: We need you to log in to the YouTube and make all our company videos viral.
From clientsfromhell.net
My cat just walked up to the paper shredder and said, "Teach me everything you know."
"Just because you can't dance doesn't mean you shouldn't dance." —Alcohol
@yoyoha (Josh Hara)
My parents didn't want to move to Florida, but they turned 60 and that's the law.
—Jerry Seinfeld
Q: What do you call an Amish guy with his hand in a horse's mouth?
A: A mechanic.
Watch This
More About Culture
10 Joyous 'Peanuts' Quotes Guaranteed to Improve Your Day
Charles Schulz debuted his first-ever Peanuts comic strip on October 2nd, 1950, in nine newspapers around America. 65 years and nearly 18,000 strips later, the simple wisdom of Charlie Brown, Lucy, Linus, and the whole gang has touched millions of readers. Here, enjoy our 10 favorite Peanuts quotes that always make us smile.
Keep Reading
History's Most Reprinted Newspaper Editorial: 'Yes Virginia, There Is a Santa Claus'
If Your Car's Gas Mileage Is Way Worse Than Advertised, Should You Sue the Car Company? (And Could You Win?)
"All Men and Women are Created Equal": 14 Quotes from First-Wave Feminists That Still Resonate
8 of the Most Extreme Facts About the Human Body, From the World's Smartest IQ to its Tallest Man
Photo Contest Winners: 10 Stunning Places In Our Country That Will Make You Proud to Be an American
The Life-Changing Lesson I Learned After Spending 100 Days at Sea With My Family … and 750 College Students
Top Topics
What You're Sharing
- The Next Mass Shooters: Who They Are, and How We Will Stop Them
- 8 Jimmy Carter Quotes That Will Make You Proud to be American
- 10 Quotes That Will Change the Way You Think About John Lennon
- Rare, Behind-the-Scenes Photos of the Beatles from 'Help!'
- Stunningly Beautiful Photos You Won't Believe Are Actually Seeds


text:
Night Moves with Dave Abair & Fernando Covarrubias.
Loading more stuff…
Hmm…it looks like things are taking a while to load. Try again?
TM + © 2015 Vimeo, LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with k in NYC.
Your content preferences apply to any Vimeo videos you view. Learn more about content preferences in our FAQ.


text:
Save on your next vacation when you purchase your tickets with great Branson area lodging choices.
View all packages here:
Already have your tickets & just need lodging? Plan you visit and choose from great Branson area lodging options!
Need more information about opportunities or ticket prices for groups of 10 (+) people? Our team is ready for your call!
Move your classroom to Silver Dollar City May 5 – 14, 2016, and provide your students with the ultimate combination of education and fun.
More information coming soon!
Groups Department
Call 800.417.7770
Email firstname.lastname@example.com
Purchase your ticket to UNLIMITED FUN with a Silver Dollar City season pass - all for less than the cost of 2 one-day tickets!
Learn More
Reconnect, reminisce and celebrate at Silver Dollar City in 2015 with our special Family Reunion Package!
All Season Pass Holders save 50% on all cruises in general seating aboard the Showboat Branson Belle.
Download the Silver Dollar City mobile app, and keep the park map and show schedules at your fingertips!
2015 recipient of the TripAdvisor® Certificate of Excellence, which honors businesses who consistently achieve outstanding reviews on TripAdvisor.com.
© Copyright 2015. All Rights Reserved.


text:
The Style Gallery is a great new way for you to view, love, and share outfit photos. It's meant to showcase
all the expressive, creative, and inspirational personalities of our community!
Love you too!
Your email has been sent!
The unveiling of your first completed series of paintings takes place tonight at a local gallery, and you're feeling perfectly poised in this navy lace pencil skirt! In this sweet, floral-patterned skirt, you feel as delicate and airy as the subjects of your work. Completed with a tucked-in, button-up blouse, a statement necklace, and solid pumps, your exhibit ensemble has you feeling confident enough to dream up your next dramatic work!
All measurements in inches.
Sorry this item isn't available anymore
Remarkable fashion & decor, inspired by our community, & delivered with uncommon care.
Copyright ©2002-2015 ModCloth.com. All Rights Reserved.
Site Map
CA Notice
Privacy & Security
Terms of Use