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Evolution of the parasitic wasp subfamily Rogadinae (Braconidae): phylogeny and evolution of lepidopteran host ranges and mummy characteristics
1 Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), c/José Gutierrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
2 Honorary Research Associate, National Museums of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1JF, UK
3 Division of Biology and Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, UK
4 Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
5 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
6 Museum and Institute of Zoology PAN, Wilcza 64, Warsaw 00-679, Poland
7 University of Wyoming Insect Museum, Department of Renewable Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071-3354, USA
BMC Evolutionary Biology 2008, 8:329 doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-329Published: 4 December 2008
The braconid subfamily Rogadinae is a large, cosmopolitan group of endoparasitoid wasps characterised by 'mummifying' their lepidopteran host larvae, from which the adult subsequently emerges. Rogadines attack a variety of both macro- and microlepidopteran taxa, although the speciose genus Aleiodes almost exclusively attacks macrolepidopterans. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic history of the Rogadinae, revise their higher-level classification and assess the evolution of their host ranges and mummy types. We also assess the divergence times within the subfamily and discuss the reasons for the extraordinary evolutionary diversification of Aleiodes.
Our Bayesian analyses weakly support the monophyly of the subfamily. A clade comprising all Aleiodes species and some other taxa is not nested within the tribe Rogadini as previously supposed, but instead is recovered as sister to the Yeliconini, with the remaining Rogadini genera being recovered as sister to the Stiropiini. The Rogadinae is estimated to have originated during the mid to late Eocene, 36.1–51.62 MYA. Molecular dating gives a more recent origin for the Aleiodes clade (17.98–41.76 MYA) compared to the origins proposed for two of its principal lepidopteran host groups (Noctuidae: 60.7–113.4 MYA; Geometridae 48–62 MYA). The Bayesian ancestral reconstruction of the emergence habits from the mummified hosts weakly recovered an anterior emergence as the ancestral condition for the subfamily. Producing a hard mummy has evolved at various times independently, though most of the species with this biology belong to the Aleiodes clade.
Based on our results, we erect the tribe Aleiodini nov. to include Aleiodes and Heterogamus stat. rev. Cordylorhogas, Pholichora and Hemigyroneuron are synonymised with Aleiodes. The molecular dating of clades and the ancestral reconstruction of host ranges support the hypothesis that radiation within Aleiodes s. s. was due to host recruitment leading to host range expansion followed by speciation, and not to parasitoid-host coevolution. Within the Rogadinae, variation in the site of emergence from the mummified host probably evolved as a consequence of the mummy's site and mode of formation, and the extent of mummy tanning/hardness to the degree of protection needed in relation to the cost of providing it.


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Tell us why YOU love Battletoads in the comments below!
Sometimes it's difficult to understand Sam Mitchell. Therefore, Rosetta Sam is a new program that translates the ramblings of this man. Firstly, we're going to look at Mario Party 1 After Dark.
There's a lot of bad guys in gaming but who's the worst? Shaun, Sam and Bryan from ScrewAttack tell you theirs.
Which Castlevania game do YOU think is the Best EVER?
Which is your BEST EVER?
g1MarioMiyamoto here with some more fan art!
Hey did you know that Screwattack.com actually owns a giant mecha. Let's look at its abilities for DEATH BATTLE. This was made purley for fun and not meant to be taken seriously. Can't wait for DEATH BATTLE Live!!!!
It's finally here, it's time to play Evolve! Chad and Sam are going monster hunting!
Chad and Sam aren't done sending generation after generation of a family to their deaths! Rogue Legacy continues!
In Part 1, what might discourage some gamers only encouraged Sam and Chad! All will fall before them!

subset: commoncrawl


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Villa Nelson
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Full Tourist
... a 2 wide, three high apartment block. Inside I was shown my digs - a room with two double beds, air con, a fridge and on suite all with it's own lockable door. The rest of the casa was also basically at my disposal with a kitchen, dining/living room and balcony complete with rocking chairs and a very nice country view! Similar to the casa in Havana this one has a connecting room to the aparrtment across the hall. Here the family lives, the owner and husband, plus he parents and ...
We love this place!
... second largest ave system in the Americas, and was worth checking out. We also saw a huge monument to farmers that fought in the revolution and a big (we're talking 30m high!) mural that supposedly depicts evolution but I'm not 100% convinced by it! (see the photos)
What we learnt
Casa Particulars are great but sometimes they can be amazing
Next Stop
Home Away from Home--the Cuban Casa Particular
... at the resort hotel; I was looking forward to getting "home" to J�sus's house and talking some more, this time about the possible future of Cuba after the Castros (there is no public speculation in Cuba).
So why does a professional engineer run a casa particular? It seemed to me that J�sus enjoys hosting people from different parts of the world. However, like other people we met, his salary, paid in Cuban national money, would be ...
Valle Viñales - lush, green, tranquil, relaxi
... valley. We were kept busy for most of the 6 days we were here. By busy, it was like: wake up and do something (horse ride, run etc.) then shower and have a siesta, then enjoy some local rum with amazing views... It was quite tough really. Accommodation: We stayed in 2 casas here. Initially we were in a casa recommended by our casa in Trinidad. We stayed in Casa Amarilis Léon, right on the main street, for 2 nights before relocating to Casa Bernado y Belkys, further from town, with ...
Viñales - The Ha Long of Cuba?
... Havana and the birthplace of the Rumba (will we sent the boys off to dancing lessons ?? Time will tell).
The ultimate tourist thing to do in Cuba
It's our last day in Vi�ales (it's me again) – I was feeling a bit rough yesterday and this morning and just couldn't be stuffed looking at the notebook. As it was, Willem was using it to write his English essay for school.
So, having decided that even feeling sick it was ...


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Comments from Mike_Blakemore
Showing 126 - 150 of 448 comments
Hmm Peter MacRae's nickname was Kipper.. I witnesed the disposal and Transfer of The Focus Skem..
Hi DBage.. My Basic stamping ground was the Midland Zone of ABC… Then in my Independant Days I was based in Birmingham.. I was also involved with a Cinema Equipment Supplier That covered most on the country… Inc Brent Walker Cinema… :o)
Have loaded a picture from the ABC Days….
With Getting rid of Spectacular Auditoriums.. There is little point in watching a Major Film in an "Airing Cupboard" Hmm I find watching Films at home on my 7" screen (LCD projection system)has as much impact.. To-days Cinema Owners have just lost the plot.. Alas gone of they days of "Showman Management" Now they are Sweetshops that just happen to show films out the back…. Progress ALL RUN BY LITTLE MEN… :O(
The Group Photo… The Man behind Oscar Deutsch is Andrew Mather.. Who designed The Odeon Leicester Square
Have loaded a very early picture of The Theatre
The Picture I have loaded is not a very good one.. But It might be the only one left….
I have passed the Theatre To-day.. It seems it has now closed.. The Digital Age has killed it Off…
The Theatre was Owned By. The Capitol Cinema at Alum Rock Birmingham
It do's now…
So Right.. I have provided "Ken Roe" with some very difficult Challenges.. His Detective work sometimes even surpises me.. Mind you.. in the UK we still have over 1,000 missing cinemas to find..
Hmm.. The wrecking of what was a very fine Art Deco Cinema.
The Stage house seems to have been demolished. The very fine Ronald Satchwell Art Deco interior was totaly destoryed. I live not far from this theatre..
You are right it had a typical Satchwell and Roberts feel.. Down the Road from this Cinema. Our Capitol Cinema and the Tivoli Yardley. we employed another Architect to do the Exterior of the other wise a (S&R) cinema.. I was never given the answer to why..
Hmm.. This site is full of Tragic Losses… Alas Replaced by very substandard buildings.. and Cinema lacking The Magic.. Its called Progress
It is known as Bordesley Green… There is nothing left of the Building. I had the Capitol at Alum Rock so knew the site.. a frew yards to the right of the building is or was a Snooker hall
@ Jaiom.. My advice.after 39 years in the business.. for what it worth Advoid 35mm Format Projection will finish completely the end 2013 RFrom my memory of Small Heath. You have no Chance Best place to re-open is The Clifton Great Barr.. This would make a good proportioned 5 screen Cinema..
Thanks Marina 2 for the new pictures.. Bought back memories of the Holiday Reliefs (While the Manager was on Holiday) I did there.. In the 1970's
@ Cravenb Visit Local Library. They should have copies of Local newspapers..
A Special Thanks to Len for the great pics of the Theatre
I have loaded a picture of the Royal Aquarium Theatre that is mentioned in the Profile..
The George Formby Film about Motorcycle racing in the TT was "No Limits"
Some 20 years ago I searched the country for Cinemas to take over… with difficulty.. (for Cinema use) How times have changed.. Now I am to old.. and wise.. alas
A Piece of Cinema Trivia. "Rodney Cinema" is named after a son of Walter Eckart. the owner of Star Cinema.. Rodney and his Brother (Who at the moment I cannot remember his name) Took over the Star Group)
Up until Bob Sankey The Freehold of the Theatre was owned by Essoldo.. (as was the Savoy Statford ABC Purchased the Freehold as they owned the Headlease and sold the Freehold to Bob Sankey.. I remember on one of my visits to see Bob Sankey he was moaning having to pay more then he thought he should.. On one friday night Bingo session someone dared to win the Jackpot.. He used to put a scowl on his face when he handed the cheque over.. The Players enjoyed seing his Face.. But it was a sham.. It did not bother him :o) Peter Lea is right about the Simplex Projectors..


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Orlando Baxter
Orlando Baxter exploded onto the Boston comedy scene in 2006, and quickly established himself as one of the areas hottest young comics. His fresh perspective and unique relateability quickly solidified this personable middle school teacher into a fan favorit.
In 2007 Orlando was a finalist in NBC's 'Stand Up for Diversity Showcase', and in 2010, he became a finalist in both the New York Comedy Contest and the Boston Comedy festival. He's a regular at numerous comedy clubs throughout New England, and performs all over the country as the opening act for national headliner Jo Koy.
Orlando's refreshing energy is unmatched and his likeability is undeniable, and if the past is any indication of the future, Orlando Baxter is a promising young talent with some serious staying power.
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Romantikhotel Kollners Landhaus
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Clear of the Ruhr we were into the flatlands of Saxony and the mainly crop growing activities, before the landscape transformed into rolling countryside and alot of forests, still clicking ...
Shopping in Hannover
... for coffee and cake around 4. The coffee was very good and so were the cakes. We then went back to the train station to pick up the rental car. it turned out to be a Ford Focus crossover or wagon. We had to walk two blocks to a car park to pick up the car and return it there on Friday. Now for the test it is a standard and Dave has not driven a standard in a while. The first problem was finding ...
Museum and Rat
... them; they picked Ann and I. Later in the service a young girl asked members of the congregation questions about the symbols in the church and what then represent. Ann and Dave were grateful that we were not picked for this part. The service was enjoyable even though we did not understand the words we picked up the meaning.After church we went to Hanover to visit the museum and government building called ...
Longest Day continued
... announced that we were going to be boarding our plane without any notice on the board
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Seeing what evil is!
... camp in 1945 they found over 10,000 unburied bodies laying around the camp and in the coming weeks another 13,000 died due to malnutrition and diease caused by their mistreatment at the hands of the Nazi's.
Bergen-Belsen has a large memorial building where you can read stories and watch videos on the history of this place of evil, as well as hear first hand accounts from survivors of the unimaginable horror they lived through. After visiting ...


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MOVIEmeterSEE RANK
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Two Gun Justice (1938)
Approved | | Action, Adventure, Crime | 30 April 1938 (USA)
Ratings: 5.3/10 from 6 users
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A western town is being overrun and ruled by a gang of outlaws led by Bart (John Merton). Former Ranger Tim (Tim McCoy) is called out of retirement and assigned to clean up the gang. He ... See full summary »
Director:Alan James
Writer:Fred Myton (original story and screenplay)
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He may not have been a winner on "American Idol" but Michael Lynche is still a champion in the eyes of the fans he gained on Season 9 of the singing competition show. The talented vocalist is not only celebrating his new self-titled debut, he's also celebrating losing 90 pounds since his "Idol" run. The married father of two, known as "Big Mike" decided to lose the weight not just for his career, but for personal reasons as well.
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This Week's Celebrity Instagrams (9/26-10/2)
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317-426-5280 (Downtown)Order Online!
317-564-0637 (Carmel)
317-564-0637 (Carmel)
Punch Burger
Local grass-fed Angus beef, gourmet buns, unique toppings, delicious custom burger creations, local craft beer & wine.
We didn't invent the hamburger, but we do make it better.
We open everyday at 11am. Close Sun - Wed at 9pm, Thursday, Friday & Saturday at 10pm.
It's Sunday Funday !!!! Come out and get any of our local drafts for just $3.00 !!!!
Be sure to stop by tonight at Festiv-Ale and raise some money for a great cause! We will be sampling Burnt Cheese... http://t.co/RSpgqwdOnq
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Edson, Alberta Pet Friendly Hotels & Lodging
Looking for a hotel in Edson, AB that you can bring your pet to? We made sure that each one of the hotels below are pet friendly, so you can enjoy your trip with your pet by your side! Once you have found a pet friendly hotel, you can book your stay instantly from our website or call 866-212-1803 to speak with a pet travel agent.
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300 52nd St - Edson, AB (Map)
Best Western pet friendly properties will allow up to two domestic dogs in a rented room, with a maximum size of 80 lbs per animal. Other pet types such as cats, birds, monkeys, snakes, or other animals are allowed at the discretion of each property and require prior approval from the property. There may be a maximum $20 per day charge for each room with a pet or multiple pets or a maximum per wee...
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5601 2 Ave - Edson, AB (Map)
Pet guests are welcome at pet friendly Econo Lodge Edson. Each room can have no more than 2 pets which can be up to 20 kilograms. The pet fee is CAD 20.00 per night.
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5018 1st Ave - Edson, AB (Map)
Howard Johnson Edson allows pets to accompany their people at their pet friendly accommodation. The pet fee is CAD 10.00 per pet, per night.
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4536 2 Ave - Edson, AB (Map)
Ramada Edson welcomes pets at their pet friendly accommodation. Up to 2 pets are allowed. The pet fee is CAD 10 per pet, per night.
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5220 2 Ave - Edson, AB (Map)
Super 8 Edson welcomes four-legged guests at their pet friendly accommodation. The pet fee is CAD 20 per pet, per night.


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Bonus Watch '14: Former AIG Chiefs Who Think Someone Pissed In Their Kasha
It's looking like Hank Greenberg ('s lawyer) might actually convince people he was wronged.
Hank Greenberg Still Can't Sue The Government For That Time It Saved The Not-In-Need-Of-Saving-According-To-Hank-Greenberg AIG
Snowflake Greenberg is going hungry tonight.
High-Frequency Monitoring: A Short-Sighted Behavior
The more frequently you monitor your portfolio, the more likely you are to observe a loss.
This is likely to cause short-sighted decisions and could hurt your investment performance.
If you are checking your portfolio more than once per quarter, you're doing it too much.
Click to read more.
Dan Egan, Betterment Director of Behavioral Finance and Investing
Hank Greenberg Would Like To Remind Everyone He Left AIG In Tip-Top Shape
His and Snowflake's hands are clean.
Let A Jury Decide Whether Hank Greenberg Is Fit To Still Be Running An Insurance Company (Into The Ground Or Otherwise)
Snowflake Greenberg may yet suffer the indignity of seeing his beloved master stripped, in his […]
Snowflake Greenberg's Trust Fund At Risk
Insurer American International Group Inc has asked a court to block Maurice "Hank" Greenberg's efforts […]
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Maurice "Hank" Greenberg, the former American International Group chief executive, has more than doubled the […]
Hank Greenberg Might Beg To Differ
Consumers' "better halves" will shell out the most on their partners, with the average person planning to spend $74.12 on their spouse or significant other, up from $68.98 last year. Additionally, consumers will spend and average of $25.25 on their children, parents or other family members and $6.92 on friends….the average person will spend about $4.52 on their pets.
For Valentine's Day this year, Fortune put together a slideshow of various executives, analysts, fund managers, and disgraced AIG CEOs posing with their one true loves– their dogs. For the big names who missed the deadline to submit photos, fear not– this feature is clearly going to become an annual thing. For those already mentally directing a photoshoot of yourself and Jamie the Younger, maybe running down Park Ave or shooting hoops at the Garden, you might first consider looking to this year's pioneering efforts for inspiration.
"What's The Largest American Express Giftcard I Can Give To My Dog, And Can I Pay In Cash?"
We were going to spend some time making fun of the fact that the cost […]
Investment banking continues to be a laborious, tedious practice. Banks are implementing ways to boost […]
Happy Birthday, Hank Greenberg!
He's probably just going to enjoy a quiet evening at home with Snowflake, but that […]


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8/1/2013 (2 years ago)
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
The Catholic Church has been green for a lot longer than any modern environmental movement. We are called to what I call a relational environmentalism; one of stewardship with the earth which God has made and entrusted to us to care for and to share. For those eager to understand Catholic teaching on this vital topic, we should always begin with scripture and tradition. We have a well of teaching in the Church on our relationship to the gift of God's creation. The concern I have about some of the arguments concerning global warming is that they promote one more charged right vs. left political food fight. Sadly, they often use sometimes conflicting scientific data as fodder for the fight. We are not first political conservatives or liberals, we are first, last and all in between, Catholic.
Catholic Online (www.catholic.org)
8/1/2013 (2 years ago)
Published in Green
Keywords: Global warming, environmentalism, green, climate change, Pope Francis, Pope Benedict, Deacon Keith Fournier
CHESAPEAKE, VA (Catholic Online) - Among the many news or views articles published on Catholic Online which evoke impassioned responses, those which address environmental concerns seem to generate the most frustration - from otherwise regular readers.
Just this morning, I received a comment from someone with the handle scottr which was addressed to me, expressing his frustration with an article which I did not write. The article was entitled IT'S ALREADY TOO LATE: Sea level rise dooms American cities even if emissions stop
First, in the interest of full disclosure, I edited the comment from scottr, deleting my name as the subject being addressed because I did not write the article to which he objected. However, I think the readers comment and my response can be valuable in addressing the concern which he raised. It also presents me with another opportunity to weigh in on the issues related to this vital area of stewardship.
Below are the comment and my response. It is followed by a restatement of my own approach to this vital area of concern.
Comment from scottr:
How long are you going to repel your otherwise faithful readers with this drivel. You just published not long ago that sea levels are not rising and that temperatures are not either for the last 20 yrs. I just came from Alaska yesterday. Visited the glaciers. I loved the alarming talks on the glaciers receding because of global warming. However, the maps they used showed that the melting started long before the industrial revolution. It started at the end of the last mini ice age. The last mini ice age is well documented by the church and others. After an ice age, things warm up. Those how study history know that our warming trend is not much different than previous warming trends.
Today we just have humans that can place concrete on the ground and say this is my land. So if nature fluctuates and my house is in danger, it can't be that I am a moron for building in a flood prone area or the like. it has to be someone else's fault. Way back when, if the lake level rose or shrunk, you packed up and moved. Today, we have to be paid for that. It has to be someone else's fault. Remember when forest fires used to burn until they burned out? They emit much more pollution than you can imagine.
The level that God pollutes on (VOC, PM10, CO2, etc) is God like by comparison to our levels. Please stop the propaganda. Good stewardship, yes. Send man back to living in caves, can't happen unless you kill off most all the population first. Oh, that's right, that is what the liberals are trying to do. that's what abortion and contraception are for. As Catholics we have to evaluate the whole picture. As liberals, you only have to look at what is best for you. Please stop the propaganda. it is a sad laugh at your expense. Trust that God made the earth dynamic and made fuels for us to use to sustain ourselves. Remember, creation was good!
Response from Deacon Keith Fournier:
To: Scottr: I did not write the article you are commenting upon. In fact, I do not agree with its supposition. In fact, I disagree with what I believe is its alarmist approach. I have written several articles on what I believe is a Catholic Way of being properly "green". Scottr, this is one of those areas where Catholics and other Christians can and do disagree among themselves. It is a matter of prudential judgement. I would welcome an article from you if you desire to express your own position.
Now, I will weigh in once again on the climate change controversy and restate my own position.
Our obligation to live a proper stewardship of the environment is grounded in our obligation to - and solidarity with - one another. It begins with the understanding that we have been given to one another as gifts. In addition, creation is a gift, entrusted to us together as a human community. That brings with it responsibilities which we must find a way to share.
Years ago, as a very young man, my return home to the faith was greatly influenced by Francis of Assisi. The simple approach of Francis of Assisi, receiving creation as a gift and living in a relational way with creatio, still challenges me all these years later. It is about more than romance or piety, it speaks to reality.
In a letter on the environment released on January 1, 2010, Pope Emeritus Benedict explained, "There exists a certain reciprocity: as we care for creation, we realize that God, through creation, cares for us. On the other hand, a correct understanding of the relationship between man and the environment will not end by absolutizing nature or by considering it more important than the human person."
"If the Church's magisterium expresses grave misgivings about notions of the environment inspired by ecocentrism and biocentrism, it is because such notions eliminate the difference of identity and worth between the human person and other living things."
"In the name of a supposedly egalitarian vision of the "dignity" of all living creatures, such notions end up abolishing the distinctiveness and superior role of human beings. They also open the way to a new pantheism tinged with neo-paganism, which would see the source of man's salvation in nature alone, understood in purely naturalistic terms."
With characteristic clarity, His Holiness Benedict XVI encouraged a proper approach to a relationship with creation and exposed the dangers within certain streams of contemporary environmentalism.
Catholic Online has published many articles which offer a point/counterpoint on the controversial topic of climate change or global warming. I did not write any of them. I do not share some of the alarm sounded over climate change. In fact, I disagree with some of what I believe is an overreaction expressed in some of those articles.
However, I do believe we have an obligation to care for the creation. It is a gift and has been given to us with a stewardship attached. We have also abused creation.Our stewardship over this gift of creation is a part of our Baptismal obligation and our call to discipleship. Because what is called global warming or climate change is one of those areas where the exercise of prudential judgment can find good Catholics and other Christians differing with one another. When we do, we should do so with charity.
The Catholic Church has been green for a lot longer than any modern environmental movement. We are called to what I call a relational environmentalism; one of stewardship with the earth which God has made and entrusted to us to care for and to share. For those eager to understand Catholic teaching on this vital topic, we should always begin with scripture and tradition.
We have a well of teaching in the Church on our relationship to the gift of God's creation. The concern I have about some of the arguments concerning global warming is that they promote one more charged right vs. left political food fight.
Sadly, they often use sometimes conflicting scientific data as fodder for the fight. We are not first political conservatives or liberals, we are first, last and all in between, Catholic.
In addition to affirming our obligations as stewards of the gift of creation, the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Catholic Church warns about a misguided approach. For example in paragraph # 463 we read, 'A correct understanding of the environment prevents the utilitarian reduction of nature to a mere object to be manipulated and exploited.'
'At the same time, it must not absolutize nature and place it above the dignity of the human person himself. In this latter case, one can go so far as to divinize nature or the earth, as can readily be seen in certain ecological movements that seek to gain an internationally guaranteed institutional status for their beliefs.'
'The Magisterium finds the motivation for its opposition to a concept of the environment based on ecocentrism and on biocentrism in the fact that "it is being proposed that the ontological and axiological difference between men and other living beings be eliminated, since the biosphere is considered a biotic unity of undifferentiated value. Thus man's superior responsibility can be eliminated in favor of an egalitarian consideration of the 'dignity' of all living beings'.
Some in what is called the green movement have lost their way. The most obvious example is the inherent contradiction of worrying about polluting the atmosphere with toxic chemicals while at the same time supporting making toxic chemicals available to be ingested by mothers, including girls, in order to kill the children in their womb. We need a new way of being green, a Catholic way.
We need a Catholic Environmental vision which is pro-life, pro-family, pro-poor, pro-peace and fundamentally relational. We are to receive one another as gifts. We must never use human persons as objects. We should receive creation as a gift, our common home, to be shared with one another, and not as an object of use.
The recent popes have articulated a vision of what they call a human ecology. This is a great term which should be thoroughly explored by those who are rightly concerned with this vital area. I suggest that Catholics, who truly want to inform their own thinking on this sometimes controversial topic of climate change, spend time prayerfully reading and reflecting on their insights.Also, that they read the sections in the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. We should begin with the teaching of the Church as we exercise prudential judgment in evaluating this entire area of legitimate concern.
Brown Wood Family Rosary
St Patrick Rosary
By Marshall Connolly, Catholic Online (CALIFORNIA NETWORK)
Scientists assessing wildlife populations around Chernobyl have learned something startling. Despite the radiation, there's more wildlife around Chernobyl than on surrounding wildlife preserves. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - Scientists recently conducted a survey ... continue reading
By Kenya Sinclair (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
The National Hurricane Center reported hurricane Joaquin intensified Thursday afternoon to a Category 4, which means the wind speed ranges between 131 and 155 mph. Joaquin had maximum sustained winds at 130 mph. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - CNN reported ... continue reading
By Catholic Online (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
They're not saying it's going to happen -but just in case, scientists are planning a space mission to nudge an asteroid out of its orbit. You know, like in that 1998 Bruce Willis movie Armageddon. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - The joint European-U.S. effort, ... continue reading
By Linky C. (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
An exciting discovery found on the surface of Mars revealed details about the planet which gives people a better understanding of God's personality, Vatican astronomer Brother Consolmagno reported. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - NASA scientists confirmed ... continue reading
By Linky C. (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Nobel Peace Prize winner Al Gore trained an army of organizers and encouraged them to promote and spread the environmental gospel prior to climate talks that will occur in Paris later this year. LOS ANGELES, CA (Catholic Online) - The climate talks are due to commence ... continue reading
By Hannah Marfil (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
While researching biofluorescence in small sharks and coral reefs, an unexpected glowing creature passed a team of scientists who identified the fluorescent creature as a sea turtle species. After testing others, they determined hawksbill sea turtles have attained the ... continue reading
By Nikky Andres (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Alien experts and hunters usually look for -and find- the most bizarre images beamed back from the surface of Mars, which includes coffins, pyramids, crabs and even floating spoons. New images of Mars have excited alien enthusiasts with what appears to be an alien ... continue reading
By Talia Ramos (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
A supermoon lunar eclipse is expected this weekend, exciting some people but bothering those who believe it signifies the nearing end of times as cited by some religions. Regardless of the contrasting responses, NASA and a professional photographer have some reminders ... continue reading
By Talia Ramos (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
Earth has higher levels of magnesium and lower levels of silicon today than it does in deposits of its formative materials, leading French scientists to question "why?" MUNTINLUPA, PHILIPPINES (Catholic Online) - According to Daily Mail, a recent theory was made after ... continue reading
By Nikky Andres (NEWS CONSORTIUM)
There are more characteristics birds have that are similar with humans. In a recent study created by a team of researchers in Germany, it was discovered that "lovebirds" isn't just a name of a specific kind of bird, but that birds really do fall in love. MUNTINLUPA, ... continue reading


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CLEVELAND - A crowd of more than 1,400 gathered Saturday at BabyLand General Hospital in Cleveland for the official grand opening at the Cabbage Patch Kids' new home.
Letter carriers in the area and nationwide will be picking up food donations today as they deliver the mail for today's 17th annual Stamp Out Hunger food drive.
Warm, sunny weather usually beckons people outside, whether it be to the lake, the park or just hanging out in the backyard.
If the Hall County Board of Education decides to move forward with closing Jones Elementary School, residents in the surrounding Chicopee community are concerned that the area would lose more than just its student population.
More than 200 cars spanning 100 years will be on display today, helping to raise money for scholarships awarded by the Vietnam Veterans of America.
Schools from 13 counties traveled Friday to East Hall Community Center to participate in the Special Olympics.
Camille Massey was honored Friday with a star at Gainesville High School.
Authorities say a Gainesville man who served 10 years in prison for robbing and beating a cab driver was free for less than three months before shooting another man in a robbery.
More than 4,000 people have asked a small Atlanta-based legal advocacy group to take a look at their criminal convictions with hopes of proving their innocence through DNA evidence.
Hall County Sheriff's officials have issued an arrest warrant for Latwan T. Weathington, 30, of Gainesville in connection with a shooting and armed robbery on Tuesday off Browns Bridge Road.
Gainesville Police Sgt. Kevin Gaddis and Officer Griggs Wall are riding to Washington to honor two fallen officers they never met.
Six months after restarting a process to issue the last batch of dock permits on Lake Lanier, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has found it is denying about two-thirds of the requests.
After more than a year of study and discussion, the Flowery Branch City Council voted Thursday night to move forward on minor improvements to the narrow but heavily used Jones Road.
An art class at McEver Elementary school pushed a group of kindergarten students Thursday to the far reaches of their imaginations.
If it was unconstitutional, nobody on Gainesville's downtown square Thursday cared.
Page 1092 of 1684
Debbie Clark perused the Rahab's Rope booth Friday, landing on the last Persian-rug-themed bookmark.
Here are a few things we heard this week that we thought you might find interesting.
The president of a national window shutters holding company is consolidating operations and coming to Gainesville as part of a move that could bring 200 ...
The Army veteran accused of firing a high-powered hunting rifle at the Georgia State Patrol post in Gainesville last summer was indicted Tuesday by a ...
The Lake Lanier Association and volunteers from the community will pick up trash along the lake's shores in the group's 27th annual Shore ...
A body found earlier this week in a shallow area of Lake Lanier has been identified as that of a Flowery Branch man. Exactly how ...
Ultra-conservatives celebrating House Speaker John Boehner's departure from Congress might want to tap the brakes a bit, University of Georgia political science professor Charles ...
A Commerce man died following a two-car wreck Friday morning near the intersection of Shirley and Mount Vernon roads in North Hall, according to Sgt ...
Page 9 of 9
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Resolution: standard / high
Figure 4.
(A-C) TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 mRNA expression levels in infected mice with Staphylococcus epidermidis (108 CFU/mouse) or infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis (108 CFU/mouse) and treated with the MIX (RJI-C at 9 μg/mouse and TB-KK at 6 μg/mouse) or gentamicin (5 μg/mouse) at 3(A), 6 (B) and 9 (C) hours after treatment. Values were normalized with GAPDH and compared to untreated control. *P <0.05, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, Student's t test gentamicin vs MIX.
Capparelli et al. BMC Immunology 2012 13:61 doi:10.1186/1471-2172-13-61


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a1 Agricultural Research Center-Hays, Kansas State University, 1232 240th Avenue, Hays, KS, 67601, USA
a2 Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
We followed lifetime trajectories of reproductive allocation in Coleomegilla maculata females of three different size classes produced by rearing beetles on three different daily larval feeding regimes (30 min, 6 h or ad libitum access to eggs of Ephestia kuehniella). We hypothesized that small females would produce fewer and smaller eggs than larger females and that reproductive effort would decline with female age. Females were mated with a male from the same treatment and then isolated with ad libitum food for their entire adult lives. Egg size increased over time in all treatments; small females started off laying the smallest eggs, but increased egg size more rapidly than larger females, until all treatments converged on a similar egg size around the 20th day of oviposition. Large females realized a larger proportion of their fecundity early in life, but smaller females increased daily fecundity over time. Reproductive effort (egg mass/body mass) did not decline over 30 oviposition days; it remained constant in large females, but increased among small and medium females, suggesting gradual compensation for larval food deprivation. An increase in egg size with maternal age may be an adaptive strategy to maximize fitness on ephemeral patches of aphid prey, assuming females reproduce in a single aphid outbreak and that offspring produced later in the aphid cycle experience greater competition and risk of mortality compared to those produced earlier. We demonstrate for the first time in Coleoptera that dynamic changes in both egg size and number occur as a function of female age and illustrate that such changes are constrained by larval feeding histories via their effects on maternal body size.
(Accepted February 09 2012)
(Online publication April 05 2012)
c1 Author for correspondence Fax: 785-623-4369 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


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L'Oreal Feria Haircolor
662 reviews
49% would repurchase
Package Quality: 3.8
Price: $$
Package Quality: 3.8
Price: $$
INGREDIENTSShimmering Conditioning Permanent Colour Gel: Aqua/Water, PEG-4 Rapeseedamide, Alcohol Denat., Glyceryl Lauryl Ether, Deceth-3, Propylene Glycol, Laureth-5 Carboxylic Acid, Ethanolamine, Dipropylene Glycol, Hexylene Glycol, Ammonium Hydroxide, Polyquarternium-6, Oleyl Alcohol, Parfum/Fragrance, Ammonium Thiolactate, P-Phenylenediamine, Resorcinol, EDTA, Polyquarternium-24, Erythorbic Acid, M-Aminophenol, N,N-BIS(2-Hydroxyethyl)-P-Phenylenediamine Sulfate, 2-Methylresorcinol, 2,4-Diaminophenoxyethanol HCl. Aromatic Shimmer Serum: Helianthus Annuus/Sunflower Seed Oil, Parfum/Fragrance. Shimmer Boost Hydrating Conditioner: Aqua/Water, Cyclopentasiloxane, Cetearyl Alcohol, Candelilla Wax, Cetyl Esters, Dimethiconol, Parfum/Fragrance, Phenoxyethanol, Polyquarternium-37, PEG-150/Stearyl Alcohol/SMDI Copolymer, Mineral Oil, Methylparaben, PEG-150 Distearate, Hydroxypropyl Starch Phosphate, PPG-1 Trideceth-6, Chlorhexidine Dihydrochloride, Aloe Barbadensis/Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Propylene Glycol, Camellia Sinensis/Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract.
on 3/22/2003 7:36:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Combination, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Other
While I love Feria in general, word of warning. The Power Reds are just that!! Very scary glow in the dark RED! It promised to "show up" even on very dark hair, but it really pulled the darkness out and deposited the bright red. A bit complicated too, had to add an extra ingredient. Feria is one of my favorite brands, but when they say "power" they mean it!
on 3/20/2003 5:21:00 PM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Dry, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brown, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I like the color I get from this haircolor, and it would probably be one of the better choices in the drugstore for major changes to haircolor, but my stylist told me that it's too harsh for making subtle changes and recommended some options that can be purchased for not much more $$$ in the beauty supply store.
on 3/18/2003 1:43:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Dry, Fair-Medium, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Wavy, Medium
Eyes: Hazel
I bleach my light brown hair to platinum blonde once a month with feria. It is the only product that truly bleaches without leaving my hair orange or making it fall out. I love this stuff.
on 3/18/2003 1:31:00 PM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Combination, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Red, Other, Other
Eyes: Green
I have used almost every home hair color on the market...for a long time my favorite was the L'Oreal Excellence Creme, but I think Feria has better colors so it's usually what I go with. The colors are beautiful and while other women have complained about them not being true to the packaging - you have to consider it will be effected by the color you have.
I have used literally almost every color from palest blonde to pitch black and I don't remember specific shades, but I used the champagne blonde for quite a while and now go with a deep auburn. I do have to say that Feria fades a LOT faster than other permanent colors I have used, but for me it's not a problem. My hair grows so fast that I color it pretty much every 3 weeks or sooner, so for me the fading is not as much of an issue as it might be for women who color every 6 weeks or so.
The conditioner that comes with the product is wonderful and my hair actually feels and looks better after I color. It's easy to use and I have had many professional stylists comment on my beautiful color. I highly recommend Feria.
on 3/13/2003 12:23:00 PM
Age: 30-35
Skin: Combination, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Hazel
I have already written one review on Feria, but I had to go again! :o) I am honestly shocked by all of the poor reviews! I have literally used nearly every other box color out there, and Feria is so superiour in shine and the texture it leaves my hair. Admittedly, the reds are un-natural, and I really wish they would soften up that part of their color palette. One caveat is the black - I used Black Leather. The color rinsed out for days, and I ended up with doll hair - very flat, one color, less shiny hair that was awful. But, I am guessing, my superfine hair just isn't meant to be black, and I didn't blame the color. I had to use the Extra Lightening Bleach to take the color out enough to Re-Brown - and the bleach was on for more than an hour. HOWEVER, as horrible as my hair felt from the bleach while rinsing it, after I put the conditioner on and let it soak in, my hair was soft again. I immediately recolored (and blow-dried the color while on my head), and got a great reddish brown.
One thing to keep in mind, is that Feria is sort of a sheer color (with the exception of the black I used). It will use the tone of the hair it covers.
The Sally's version of Feria is a more heavy-duty color - if you have hard-to-color hair, that may be the ticket. They frequently run the color bottles two for one.
UPDATE: 8/1/07 - I have since stopped using this completely. I believe they went thru some sort of reformulation of this product, as it completely changed. The couple times I used it, it actually had a different smell - and what it did to my hair is terrible. I regularly color, and have no trouble with dryness or having shiny hair, and the Feria completely dried out my hair and I had NO shine. It was horrible. Add to that, the color didn't resemble the packaging in the least, and it was very muddy and dull - not at all like the super shiny, super multicolor stuff of the past. I've been using Garnier and loving it. No more Feria.
Good Luck!
on 3/8/2003 8:06:00 PM
Age: 36-43
Skin: Normal, Fair, Cool
Hair: Other, Other, Other
Eyes: Blue
I tried Feria thinking it was a Level 3 version of Casting. I had the deeply brown shade. I used Espresso in Casting. After a week, I was left with a ring of gold where the color faded. I called the hotline and the consultant at L'Oreal told me that Feria is not recommended for graying hair. The box did NOT say this! I will not buy this brand again.
on 2/2/2003 7:45:00 PM
Age: 25-29
Skin: Normal, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Blond, Other, Other
Eyes: Green
I've tried different blonde Feria's and ended up wasting my money. I am a natural dirty blonde, and it should be easy to lighten my hair, I found it to be not really like a permanent, but more like a number two than a three. I"ve had to buy other brands in blonde and redo my hair. I also tried a strawberry reddish blonde color, and There was ABSOLUTELY no difference. I then have dyed my hair copper red now, and I tried Feria, doesn't not last or stay, very well. It's not great stuff, try another brand, if you want a subtle non permanent type it would be yours, the shimmers are not true at all. I also tried blondes on my boyfriend, and he is a dirty blonde, it did not do anything, so we had to purchase another brand. i say,,,DON'T WASTE YOUR MONEY ON FERIA!
on 1/27/2003 4:35:00 AM
Age: 19-24
Skin: Acne-prone, Fair, Neutral
Hair: Blond, Straight, Fine
Eyes: Blue
I've heard such horrid tales about Feria but luckily found true love in Cool Blonde--the color turns lighter over the weeks but looks good if you're naturally pale with blue or green eyes. The conditioner is wonderful too--I wish they made a separate tube of it. *UPDATE: my hair turned multi-colored the last time I applied this hair color. Maybe it was just a bad box but whatever--I switched to Garnier.
on 1/5/2003 12:17:00 AM
Age: Unknown
Skin: Combination, Fair, Not Sure
Hair: Brunette, Other, Other
Eyes: Brown
I have my hair colored and highlighted at a salon now, but when I colored it myself, Feria was one of my favorites! I used Cherry Cola, and it came out a very natural looking shiny shade.
on 1/5/2003 12:05:00 AM
Age: Unknown
Skin: Other, Other, Not Sure
Hair: Other, Other, Other
Eyes: Other
I used the "brazilian brown" color to try to get that gorgeous golden medium brown shad eon the box. My hair is naturally a dark ashy brown that has a warmd reddish undertone when the sun gets to it. After coloring my hair--I got a dark red shade instead---I agree with the other reviewer that noted that Feria tends to turn red for those of us who have warmer undertones.
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text:
Best of News
Indian paramilitary troopers patrol during a one day strike in... News PhotoConflict,Day,Horizontal,India,Paramilitary,Srinagar,TrooperPhotographer TAUSEEF MUSTAFACollection: AFP 2012 AFPIndian paramilitary troopers patrol during a one day strike in Srinagar on December 31,2012. Shops and businesses are shut in Kashmir in response to a strike called by separatist groups to protest shooting by government forces that wounded seven civilians. Last week Indian troops shot dead two suspected Islamic militants in Kashmir while seven civilians received bullet injuries when they protested the slaying of the rebels, officials said. AFP PHOTO/ Tauseef MUSTAFA (Photo credit should read TAUSEEF MUSTAFA/AFP/Getty Images)


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Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Carlos Marmol allowed three first-inning runs, facing five batters and retiring only one (BB, 2B, HBP, F-7, 2B), and a four-run 8th inning Iowa Cubs rally fell one run short (the potential tying run was left stranded on 3rd base), as the Fresno Grizzlies (San Francisco Giants AAA affiliate) almost blew a 6-1 lead but held-on to edge the I-Cubs 7-6 on Field #3, while over on Field #2, Steve Clevenger "celebrated" his assignment to AA (for the third year in a row!) with an RBI single and a double, but two baserunners were thrown at key points in the game (Josh Vitters trying to advance from 1st to 3rd on a hit & run single to CF in the 4th, and D. J. Lemahieu trying to score from 1st on double in the 8th), as the Richmond Flying Squirrels (Giants AA affiliate) edged the Tennessee Smokies 4-3 in Cactus League Minor League action at Fitch Park this afternoon
Marmol was at Fitch Park to get work, as the Cubs obviously wanted him to throw two days in a row at least once prior to Opening Day (Marmol threw an inning yesterday at HoHoKam Park). The same thing was done with Sean Marshall on Saturday, throwing him in a minor league game the day after he had thrown in an MLB Cactus League game. Managers sometimes want their one-inning guys (set-up men and closer) to throw more than one inning once and throw in back-to-back games at least once toward the end of Spring Training.
Tennessee RHP Rafael Dolis struggled once again with his control, laboring through a three-run 29-pitch 1st inning, before settling down to throw a bit better in his second and third innings. Dolis has quality stuff and he throws in the mid-upper 90's, but he just throws too many pitches-per-inning to be an effective starting pitcher. While the Cubs may continue to use him as starter for a while longer (to get him more innings of experience and to force him to use his secondary stuff), I suspect his future probably lies in the bullpen.
Conversely, Iowa Cubs RHP Hung-Wen Chen threw three innings of one-hit shutout ball (following Marmol to the hill on Field #3), and he needed only 30 pitches to do it.
Tennessee Smokies IF-OF David Macias finally got to see some game action behind the plate, catching the 8th and 9th innings. And he looked every bit like a utility infielder back there, too, throwing himself at pitches in the dirt and catching balls like they were "live" hand grenades
After playing a three-inning intrasquad "sim game" on Field #1 (with rehab pitchers including Angel Guzman and Jon Nagel throwing an inning a piece), several players from the Boise/Mesa (Extended Spring Training) squad (SS Wes Darvill, 3B Dustin Geiger, 2B Gioskar Amaya, catchers Johan DeJesus and Brian Inoa, and outfielders Blair Springfield and Xavier Batista) saw some late game action with Iowa. (Players from the Boise/Mesa Extended Spring Training group are often used as late inning replacements in Cactus League Minor League Spring Training games).
In Minor League Camp roster news, with catcher Welington Castillo getting optioned to Iowa today, Steve Clevenger was moved down from Iowa to Tennessee (for the third year in a row), Luis Flores was moved down from Tennessee to Daytona, and Sergio Burruel was moved down from Daytona to Peoria.
Also, infielder Marwin Gonzalez was moved down from Iowa to Tennessee, infielders Junior Lake, Jake Opitz, and Logan Watkins, and outfielder Nelson Perez were moved down from Tennessee to Daytona, infielders Pierre LePage and Elliot Soto were moved down to Peoria from Daytona, and infielder Dustin Harrington and RHP Ben Wells were assigned to Boise/Mesa (Extended Spring Training) from Peoria.
And finally, OF Kyler Burke has been moved from Tennessee to the Boise/Mesa squad, where he will be converted to a LHP at Extended Spring Training. This is really not too surprising, since Burke is considered to have the best outfield arm in the organization, he was two-way player (LHP/OF) in high school, and some clubs supposedly had him rated higher as a pitcher than as an outfielder going into the 2006 June Draft.
The San Diego Padres selected Burke in the Supplemental 1st round of the 2006 draft (35th overall) as an outfielder, and traded him to the Cubs (along with catcher Rob Bowen) for Michael Barrett in June 2007. Burke struggled to hit "A"-ball pitching for three years (2006-08), before finally having what appeared at the time to be a breakout season in 2009 at Peoria, when he hit 303/405/505 with 15 HR and 43 doubles, and was named Cubs 2009 Minor League Player of the Year. But he was unable to follow-up on his 2009 success at "Hi-A" Daytona in 2010, hitting a dismal 212/279/328 with only seven HR and 131 K, and there was just no room for him in the Tennessee Smokies outfield in 2011.
Burke will be joining the likes of Carlos Marmol, Randy Wells, Blake Parker, Luke Sommer, Jake Muyco, Adalberto Mendez, and Charles Thomas as position players successfully converted to pitchers by the Cubs. Burke is still only 23 years old (he will turn 24 next month), and he has the added advantage of having been a pitcher previously in his baseball career, so he may not require a lot of time to make the move and get comfortable.
Burke is eligible to be a Rule 55 Minor League Free-Agent (6YFA) after the 2012 season, so the Cubs will have two seasons to decide if Burke shows enough promise as a pitcher to get added to the club's MLB Reserve List (40-man roster) before he has the option to leave as a minor league free-agent. (Burke became eligible for selection in the Rule 5 Draft for the first time post-2010, and he will continue to be eligible for selection until he becomes a 6YFA post-2012).
Here are today's abridged box scores (Cubs players only):
FIELD #2 (CLASS AA – Tennessee Smokies vs. Richmond Flying Squirrels)
1a. Brett Jackson, CF: 1-4 (F-7, 3B, 4-3, 3-U, R)
1b. Smaily Borges, RF: 0-1 (6-3)
2. D. J. Lemahieu, 2B: 2-3 (1B, K, 1B, BB, R)
3. Steve Clevenger, DH: 2-4 (P-5, 1B, 4-6-3 DP, 2B, RBI)
4. Rebel Ridling, 1B: 1-4 (2B, K, K, 6-3, RBI)
5. Josh Vitters, 3B: 1-4 (6-3, 1B, 4-3, 5-3)
6. Ryan Flaherty, LF: 0-4 (K, F-7, 3-U, E-5)
7. Jae-Hoon Ha, RF-CF: 2-4 (5-3, 1B, 6-3, 1B, R)
8a. Michael Brenly, C: 1-3 (F-8, 1B, L-3)
8b. David Macias, C: 0-1 (E-5)
9. Marwin Gonzalez, SS: 1-4 (K, 1B, 5-3, L-6, RBI)
1. Rafael Dolis: 3.0 IP, 5 H, 3 R (3 ER), 3 BB, 3K, 1 PO, 58 pitches (33 strikes), 2/3 GO/FO
2. Aaron Shafer: 2.0 IP, 3 H, 1 R (1 ER), 0 BB, 2 K, 1 GIDP, 25 pitches (17 strikes), 3/1 GO/FO
3. Chris Siegfried: 2.0 IP, 2 H, 0 R, 0 BB, 3 K, 33 pitches (23 strikes), 2/1 GO/FO
4. Mike Perconte: 1.0 IP, 2 H, 0 R, 0 BB, 0 K, 1 GIDP, 8 pitches (6 strikes), 3/0 GO/FO
5. David Cales: 1.0 IP, 1 H, 0 R, 0 BB, 1 K, 11 pitches (8 strikes), 2/0 GO/FO
1. Josh Vitters was thrown out 8-5 trying to advance from 1st to 3rd on hit & run single with one out in the 4th.
2. D. J. Lemahieu was thrown out 8-4-2 trying to score from 1st on a double with one out in the 8th.
FIELD #3 (CLASS AAA – Iowa Cubs vs Fresno Grizzlies)
1a. Tony Campana, CF: 1-3 (4-3, F-9, 1B)
1b. Brandon Watson, CF: 2-2 (1B, 1B, RBI)
2. Fernando Perez, DH: 1-5 (K, 2B, K, K, 6-3, R)
3a. Lou Montanez, LF: 1-3 (F-9, 1-U, 3B, R)
3b. Xavier Batista, LF: 1-2 (1B, 6-3, R)
4a. Matt Spencer, 1B: 0-1 (K, BB)
4b. Blair Springfield, RF: 0-2 (K, F-7)
4c. Brian Inoa, PH: 0-1 (K)
5. Blake Lalli, C-1B: 1-5 (K, 6-3, 1B, 6-3, K, RBI)
6a. Ty Wright, RF: 1-1 (1B, BB, CS)
6b. Johan DeJesus, C: 1-2 (4-6-3 DP, 1B, R, RBI)
7a. Bobby Scales, 3B: 0-2 (F-8, F-8)
7b. Dustin Geiger, 3B: 1-1 (1B, BB, R)
8a. Matt Camp, SS: 1-1 (1B)
8b. Wes Darvill, PH-SS: 1-2 (1B, P-4, BB, R)
9a. Jonathan Mota, 2B: 0-2 (6-4-3 DP, F-9)
9b. Gioskar Amaya, 2B: 1-2 (F-8, 1B, 2 RBI)
1. Carlos Marmol: 0.1 IP, 2 H, 3 R (3 ER), 1 BB, 0 K, 1 HBP, 18 pitches (8 strikes), 0/1 GO/FO
2. Hung-Wen Chen: 3.0 IP, 1 H, 0 R, 0 BB, 1 K, 30 pitches (20 strikes), 2/6 GO/FO
3. Blake Parker: 2.0 IP, 5 H, 2 R (2 ER), 0 BB, 1 K, 2 GIDP, 24 pitches (17 strikes), 5/0 GO/FO
4. Jake Muyco: 1.0 IP,1 H, 1 R (1 ER), 0 BB, 0 K, 1 HR, 10 pitches (7 strikes), 1/2 GO/FO
5. John Gaub: 1.0 IP, 2 H, 1 R (1 ER), 1 BB, 2 K, 32 pitches (19 strikes), 1/0 GO/FO
6. Jeff Stevens: 1.0 IP, 0 H, 0 R, 1 BB, 0 K, 10 pitches (4 strikes), 0/3 GO/FO
NOTE: 1st inning was terminated with runner on 2nd base and only one out ("Roll It!") when Marmol reached his pre-scheduled max pitch count
Blake Lalli: 0-4 CS
WEATHER: Sunny, with temperatures in the 70's
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
AZ Phil,
Does Steve Clevenger have anything left to prove at the AA level? He seems destined to be a backup catcher that can also sub at 1st, 3rd, and even the middle infield positions in an emergency, and he has hit AA pitching pretty well the last two years. What does he have to do this year to be considered for the MLB backup gig in 2012 (or halfway through the season)?
What do you think Kyler Burke would have to do this year to get himself placed on the 40-man as protection from the Rule V draft?
Thanks as always!
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Thanks, Phil!
I'm turning into a little bit of a Steve Clevenger fan.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
AZ Phil,
Do you see any prospects skipping a level to start this year? It doesn't look like it from what you have given us in box scores. I did notice Ja Hoon-Ha still in AA, and he played in a major league game over the weekend.
Also, it looks like Iowa won't have many under 24 prospects to start. No surprises?
Thank you, sir.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
While you're on the subject Phil, have you heard any theories about why Gibbs forgot how to hit after signing last year?
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Haha, it's a scary thought. Maybe hitting .200 is the way to get ahead in the organization.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Lest we forget-
"We're going to face two left-handers tomorrow and the next day, so Soto will be there," Lou said. "We're going to face a couple left-handers over the weekend against the Angels. We're just trying to win baseball games right now. Hill's been swinging the bat OK. He does a nice job behind (the plate). Actually, both catchers have done a nice job behind the plate. But I don't know. We can go either way with that. Tonight, Hill's catching because we won the other night. This is basically the same lineup that played the other night. We played a good ballgame. So we're sticking with that, not changing it."
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Are you saying the Q doesn't fall far from the Lou?
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
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This is what the regulars call, 3/44 here, i.e. "old news" to most of us. ;)
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
I had suspected this, I'll try to find fresher news next time!
The last thing I remember reading about him, before seeing that, was the suggestion he could be stowed away on the DL for the season.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Maybe if he could learn some defensive skills against the 19yos it wouldn't be the worst thing for his career. All while earning a major league pay check and feasting on Angel's gastronomic delights.
Re: The Cubs should have kicked
Why I read TCR...
AzPhil, you really should consider a regular column on Cubs Front Office Flubs.
You're the only person in the world capable of it.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
EAGON: The Cubs should have kicked the Max Ramirez roster issue down the line by waiting until the Thursday roster deadline to place him on the Designated List (Designated for Assignment), such that they would not have to place him on Outright Waivers until Wednesday April 6th. By that time most club's will have firmed-up their 25-man roster for the first month of the season, and (more importantly) all MLB clubs will have already added veteran Non-Roster (NRI) players to their 40-man roster and 25-man roster (at which point the player gets an MLB guaranteed contract and probably won't get released, at least not in April).
Hendry plays checkers. AZ Phil plays chess.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Thanks Phil! There will be no equivalent for you at Wrigley, so will miss your daily recaps.
Do you think SS Wes Darvill and former Cardinal Dal Maxvill are cousins?
Maxvill's sparkling 14-year stats run .217 .293 .259 .552
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Speaking of old news, has it been reported here that Sam Fuld made Tampa's opening-day roster?
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
wow...he rebounded like a champ with his spring numbers over the last week+ compared to where he was when i last checked.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Also Felix Pie in Baltimore, but only because he's out of options and Reimold isn't.
Jake Fox made a couple of managers angry yesterday.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Haha... live and learn.
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The comments section is very disappointing. Everonye thinks Fox should be allowed to swing 3-0 even if he's been given a take sign. Oh well, its just the Orioles
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It's amazing they always finish behind the Sawks/Yanks. Just amazing.
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Was he actually given the take sign, or was it just assumed? If it's just assumed, Fox can do whatever he wants, in my mind. If he ignored the sign, then yeah, that's a problem.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
it ranks up there with "i should be able to do whatever i want" forms of free speech.
yes, you can do it, but do you want to deal with getting yourself or a teammate a fastball in the chest as a repercussion..."fair" or not?
that said, he probably wasn't even thinking about it even though he's been playing the game a long time...but that's the kind of crap old bench guy types should know.
doubt anyone will seek revenge for it unless fox says something stupid when asked about it...if asked about it.
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I'm thinking that maybe he doesn't swing at the 3-0 pitch if Showalter had previously told him he made the team. But nope. So, FOX isn't just trying to impress the Orioles, he's auditoning with the rest of major league baseball as well.
Swing away...
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
Burke will be joining the likes of Carlos Marmol, Randy Wells, Blake Parker, Luke Sommer, and Charles Thomas as position players successfully converted to pitchers by the Cubs.
I've been impressed by the Cubs success in this regard. Are they pioneers in this? Are other organizations doing this as well or better?
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If memory serves, Troy Percival was a high profile conversion that the worked out pretty well for California back in the early '90s. There is someone else from around that time too who did it, but it's slipping my mind.
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tim wakefield
cubs, ron mahay
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Brooks Kieshnick?
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"Are other organizations doing this as well or better?"
Wouldn't brag about it.
Cousin Vicki: I'm going steady, and I French kiss.
Audrey Griswold: So? Everybody does that.
Cousin Vicki: Yeah, but Daddy says I'm the best at it.
Rahm Says No to Ricketts' Amusement Tax Heist
Frankly, Ricketts finished destroying the ambience of Wrigley Field with that Annoyota sign in LF. So why not let him just plaster the rest of his house with advertising. They estimate he could sell $60 million more a year that way.
Plan B, of course is seat licenses.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
someone should tell the ricketts family that all that money they donated to Tea Party candidates (esp. ricketts sr.) are supposed to be the types that wouldn't support the ricketts side of things.
this isn't the Tea Party's doing or roadblock, but well...yeah...okay...*shrug*
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Politics foul!
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I am a little hazy on billboards = anti-tea party. Are billboards taxed at an astronomical rate or something?
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
i'm more on the asking the government to give a lot of money (and especially via taxes) to a privately owned business thing.
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America is stupid.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
mark prior looks weird as hell with his new arm motion...weird to see him in a yanks jersey, too.
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I want to see video. Looks like he got miggy on 3 straight strikes. I want to see Prior pitching in the bigs this year even if it's a quiet, modest comeback.
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from cm @mlb.com
"Cubs manager Mike Quade said Colvin had played well enough this spring at first that he wouldn't hesitate to use him there."
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garza finishing off spring with a crap start...yeeesh...it's spring and all, but give us something to feel good about
3ip 10h 4er 0bb 7k
yeah, 7K, but 10h? man...at least they were mostly singles. =p
to start the 4th...double, walk, wild pitch, walk...bases loaded, 0 out. neat.
scott maine in...
...and scott maine gives up a grand slam...to x.nady.
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At least Maine's ERA is up there now with the guys who made the team. Samardjzia is screwed because he actually has to finish this inning, he can't just give up one run and have them call the game.
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Trevor Hoffman is probably the ultimate coverted hitter from this generation of ball player. The other side of the conversion, I heard Musial and Ted Williams started out as pitchers, and of course there is Babe Ruth. I can't think of too many recent conversions from pitcher to hitter, only Ankiel. Who is that Cub minor league pitcher that converted to hitter last year. Is he still with the organization?
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Koyie Hill?
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wikipedia doesn't mention anything about Williams, fwiw.
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Cleveland pitcher Bob Lemon was converted from third baseman to pitcher. The story was that his throws to first base had so much movement on them that the first basemen had trouble catching them.
Musial started out as a pitcher. I don't think that Williams did.
The Cubs has a young CF named Danny Murphy who came up around the same time Santo did. He played a little CF for the Cubs, but never made it there. he later resurfaced as a left handed pitcher, maybe with the White Sox.
About a decade later the Cubs had a right fielder named Dunnegan. I think he played a little with the Cubs but with little success. He later made it to the majors as a pitcher, again possibly with the Sox, but I am not sure.
The Cardinals had a young pitcher named Von McDaniel, (the brother of Lindy McDaniel) who looked like he would be an outstanding pitcher (I remember a two hit shutout) but then hurt his arm. He later became a decent third baseman.
And, of course, there was the Cubs Doug Dascenzo, who played CF and pitcher with equal success.
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Nice list, DavidP (except for one minor detail).
Murphy was a righty-throwing outfielder. I actually remember that (and also checked it).
All the other teams were signing "$100,000 bonus babies," so the Cubs looked under some rocks and found Murphy and gave him a hundred grand. That excited the fan base until they discovered that he could not hit a lick.
Reminds me of the $48 million bonus baby they have now.
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Sergio Santos of the White Sox was a 2002 first round draft choice as a shortstop. Was #37 on Baseball America's top prospect list in 2004 and #61 in 2005 as a shortstop. Starting pitching in 2009 as a 25 year old. Made the White Sox in 2010 as a pitcher.
Re: Grizzlies Like Marmolade for Lunch
and one time milb cub catcher, Jake Muyco is now a reliever
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Is there something else Muyco can convert to? He pitches like Koyie Hill hits.
10.48 ERA in the AFL last year in 22.1 innings. 39 hits, 6 HRs, 11 walks, 11 Ks.
Recent comments
BRADSBEARD: I haven't noticed any new rule or a change in the interpretation of an existing rule happening in Advanced Instructs, I don't know what rules will be tested in the AFL, although almost all recent rule changes and new interpretations of existing rules (the home plate collision rule, replay, time clock between innings, et al) do get their start in the AFL.
AZ Phil: I've heard that the AFL will be testing out a new force out rule that would affect break-up plays (like the Utley play). Have you heard anything about this new rule and any details about it? Are they testing it out at the advanced instructs as well?
Pretty sure I already know the answer to this, but since I will be in NYC next week I want to confirm... If the Cubs were to advance to the NLCS, the winner of LAD/NYM would have home field based on being a division winner (as opposed to Cubs by virtue of better record), correct?
CUBSTER: This "hammy" is on the other leg I heard last night. See you at the ballyard today young man!
Oh what do you know, Cubster? Go back to your day job.
--- Ducks, puts on Cardinals cap, runs.
Russell had a severe hamstring last year while with the A's system, forcing him to miss the first half of 2014. I've even wondered if his injury last year was a component of Billy Beane putting him on the trade market. He was quoted saying that last year's injury was a 10 out of 10 when it happened. Last night he said his hamstring soreness was a 1/1.5 out of 10. Hamstring injuries are tricky though, so I'd expect the medical team to be overly cautious here.
...I want to reinforce the observation that there was no sea of red in the crowd. The usual Cardinal fans roaming the stadium were few and far between.
Also, almost every 2 strike pitch brought the fans to their feet. Good for those in knee rehab.
"1st team hit hit 6HR in a game in the postseason." rises above obvious...i checked it with the official fact-finding commission of Douche, Douche, and Douchestein. they agreed with you, but they're a bunch of f'n douches so who cares?
btw, the cubs are 2-1 in the post-season series.
I should be able to watch the game on the NFL replay app, whatever that thing is called. I've got it on my iPad. This is the first year I haven't forced myself to somehow watch every game - no I take that back, last year was - in quite some time. Last year was so unbearable, no pun intended.
You make some good points about Cutler, and I was a holdout defender of Cutler for a long time. I gave up on him a bit after one too many dumb interceptions, but last year doesn't count. Trestman was the worst coach in Bears history.
Nice little reportage there!. I think you're older than me. Considerably older. Maybe several generations. Working out is so essential, especially as age kicks in, isn't it? I still lift weights, and so I'm confident that when I get to be at the hip breaking age, mine won't be a statistic. But I have a ways to go for that to be a concern.
What was impressive to me is that the Cubs won despite poor base running, several defensive miscues, Russell leaving due to injury, Arrieta having an off game and getting knocked out early, and Rondon giving up 2 runs in the 9th. If they can win a game like that...
I was there too. The crowd was absolutely electric. People were standing for every big and semi-big moment, from the first inning on. It felt incredibly strange and exhilarating to see the Cubs (the Chicago bleepin' Cubs!) score playoff insurance runs on the Cardinals. What a game. One to remember.
14 in attendance. What's the record for attendance in the fall? I guess I should ask what the record attendance listed is in one of your recaps.
I was there too, with my grown son. This is my miracle year-- I rose to the top of the season ticket list after eight years, completely unexpectedly, and my wonderful wife agreed to put the ticket fee on the emergency credit card. The whole point of course was that the Cubs were going to be good this year, and then for a while, so to get season tickets with the guaranteed shot at the postseason was incredible timing. We got to the remote lot at 4:10 after stopping at Nhu Lan for our usual banh mi sandwiches, only to find the lot full, way earlier than normal.


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Ahead of the film's Sundance premiere this weekend, Magnolia Pictures and Paramount Pictures have announced a collaboration to bring director Joe Swanberg's new comedy "Happy Christmas" to theaters in 2014.Read More »
Certain charges can never be lived down, but will return to haunt you again and again. This is a central theme of Danish director Thomas Vinterberg's brilliantly disturbing "The Hunt," which has been nominated for the Best Foreign-Language Oscar.Read More »
Magnolia has announced the stateside release dates for Lars von Trier's hotly anticipated "Nymphomaniac." It will be broken up into two films, with "Nymphomaniac Part 1" hitting theaters March 21, 2014 (and VOD March 6), and "Part 2" arriving on April 18, 2014 (and VOD April 3).Read More »
It's coming. (Sorry). Magnolia Pictures has officially set the U.S. release dates for each installment of Lars Von Trier's two part sex epic "Nymphomaniac," and you'll be able to watch it in the comfort of your own home right away.Read More »
Already this year's second highest-grossing R-rated film in the UK, the North American rights to "Filth" were recently acquired by Magnolia Pictures. The black comedy starring James McAvoy is based on the novel by Irvine Welsh ("Trainspotting") and has garnered plenty of accolades including British ...Read More »
Of all the films coming out in 2014 we've already seen, it's safe to say Richard Ayoade's "The Double" is near the top of our list. Starring Jesse Eisenberg and Mia Wasikowska, the film is a dark, Kafka-esque story centered on a man who is driven insane by the appearance of his doppelgänger.Read More »
Magnolia Pictures has acquired U.S. rights to Richard Ayoade's follow-up to "Submarine," "The Double," starring Jesse Eisenberg and Mia Wasikowska. The company plans to release it in 2014.Read More »
Magnolia Pictures has snapped up US rights to Richard Ayoade's TIFF dark comedy "The Double," starring Jesse Eisenberg and Mia Wasikowska. Check out the atmospheric trailer, below.Read More »
Just saw Gravity (Warner Bros. Worldwide) in 3D at the Arclight Hollywood, having missed its Gala Premiere in Toronto where the line to see even the Press and Industry screening wound around corners on the street, up stairs and around the theater interior like a snake. So glad to have seen it in th...Read More »
Andrew Eaton of Revolution, Brian Oliver of Cross Creek, Paul Miller of Doha Film Institute, Rena Ronson of UTA Independent and Ted Hope of the San Francisco Film Society hashed out the financial choices each made as they secured financing for some of the top films of the Toronto Film FestivalRead More »


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Mar 14, 2013
Our top picks of Easter retreats across Ireland, perfect for the mid-term break to get away alone or as a family for Easter fun.More »
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With St Patrick's Day just around the corner, Northern Ireland has a packed programme of festivities lined up to celebrate the patron saint of Ireland.More »
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Feb 28, 2013
Spain remains an integral part of Irish holidaymakers' summer getaways. However, gone are the days when there were only a handful of resorts available from your local travel agent. With so many airports receiving flights from Ireland, the entire coast of Spain is now accessible and awaiting. Here is Ed Leahy's advice.More »
Feb 22, 2013
Fancy some outdoor fun? Check out what's happening at the third annual and popular Northern Ireland Adventureland Weekend which will take place on March 23 - 24.More »
Feb 20, 2013
For an unforgettable honeymoon why not visit the idyllic and renowned isle of Bali, a paradise on earth. You'll find gentle people, a fascinating culture and unspoilt natural attractions.More »
Feb 20, 2013More »


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text: M&H Bone Print Harness by Mutts & Hounds £35.50$76.92€52.53$58.40 3 customer reviews(3) In stock £6.95$15.06€10.28$11.43 delivery to United States Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available sizesize (required)xxsmallxsmall (+ £2)small (+ £4)medium (+ £6)large (+ £8)size (required)xxsmallxsmall (+ $4.33)small (+ $8.66)medium (+ $13)large (+ $17.33)size (required)xxsmallxsmall (+ €2.95)small (+ €5.91)medium (+ €8.87)large (+ €11.83)size (required)xxsmallxsmall (+ $3.29)small (+ $6.58)medium (+ $9.87)large (+ $13.16) colourcolour (required)MushroomHeatherSagecolour (required)MushroomHeatherSagecolour (required)MushroomHeatherSagecolour (required)MushroomHeatherSage quantity by Mutts & Hounds Location: Wiltshire, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Mist Ticking Dog Collar £49.50$107.26€73.25$81.43 Stoneham Tweed Dog Lead £55.50$120.26€82.13$91.30 M&H Bone Print Donut Dog Bed £78$169.02€115.43$128.32 Stoneham Tweed Dog Collar £49.50$107.26€73.25$81.43 Heather Leather Dog Collar £49.50$107.26€73.25$81.43 Union Jack Linen Pillow Dog Beds £55$119.18€81.39$90.48 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS CUSTOMER REVIEWS DELIVERY RETURNS Made in Britain ask seller a question save for later Fabric dog harness are an ideal alternative to collars, particually favoured for puppies, pugs, french bulldogs, dogs with neck/muscle injury. The harness has an adjustable velcro fastening around neck and chest, much easier to put on your dog than many other dog harnesses, but just as secure. Made using Mutts & Hounds very own chic bone repeat linen fabric and available in 3 stylish colours, these harnesses are perfect for walks, just clip your dog's lead to the D ring. Each dog harness is made in the UK to the highest quality and designed to last. Matching, toys, neckerchiefs and beds also available. Available in 5 sizes and 3 colours. made from: 100% Linen. Velcro Fastening. Machine washable at 30 degrees. Always supervise your pet during use. dimensions: XXS: 10 cm (length); 25 - 30 cm (neck); 30 - 35 cm (chest) XS: 11.5 cm (length); 30 - 35 cm (neck); 37.5 - 42.5 cm (chest) S: 13 cm (length); 35 - 40 cm (neck); 42.5 - 55 cm (chest) M: 15 cm (length); 40 - 50 cm (neck); 52.5 - 62.5 cm (chest) L: 17.5 (length); 50 - 57 cm (neck); 62.5 - 72.2 cm (chest) product code: 250102 3 customer reviews Tue 16 Jun 2015 the harness is the most perfect fit on our pug and superb quality Mon 22 Dec 2014 Fab Sun 25 May 2014 Perfect for our new puppy!! read about our product rating system ratings guide trusted independent customer feedbackforum excellent bad good poor This product is dispatched to you by Mutts & Hounds. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Standard Delivery Wednesday 7 October £1.75$3.79€2.58$2.87 Express Next Day Tuesday 6 October £6.70$14.51€9.91$11.02 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.79€2.58$2.87 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.79€2.58$2.87 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £3.95$8.55€5.84$6.49 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$10.83€7.39$8.22 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$10.83€7.39$8.22 USA & Canada 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £6.95$15.06€10.28$11.43 Rest of the world 5-14 working daysfrom dispatch £7.25$15.71€10.72$11.92 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Mutts & Hounds's return policy