text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|3 Jul 2008
|Filing date
|3 Jan 2007
|Priority date
|3 Jan 2007
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Wayne Carl Westerman
|Original Assignee
|Apple Computer, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Referenced by (80), Classifications (15), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The subject matter described and claimed herein is related to the subject matter described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846, issued 27 Nov. 2001, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Integrating Manual Input" by W. Westerman and J. Elias and to application Ser. No. ______, filed 3 Jan. 2007, entitled "Multi-Event Input System" by S. Herz, R. Yepez and W. Westerman, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The invention relates generally to data input methods and devices for electronic equipment and, more particularly, to methods and devices for discriminating between various inputs to a multi-touch touch-surface input device.
There currently exist many types of input devices for performing operations with an electronic system. These operations often correspond to moving a cursor and/or making selections on a display screen. Illustrative electronic systems include tablet, notebook, desktop and server computer systems, personal digital assistants, audio and video control systems, portable music and video players and mobile and satellite telephones. The use of touch pad and touch screen systems (collectively "touch-surfaces") has become increasingly popular in these types of electronic systems because of their ease of use and versatility of operation.
One particular type of touch-surface is the touch screen. Touch screens typically include a touch panel, a controller and a software driver. The touch panel is characteristically an optically clear panel with a touch sensitive surface that is positioned in front of a display screen so that the touch sensitive surface is coextensive with a specified portion of the display screen's viewable area (most often, the entire display area). The touch panel registers touch events and sends signals indicative of these events to the controller. The controller processes these signals and sends the resulting data to the software driver. The software driver, in turn, translates the resulting data into events recognizable by the electronic system (e.g., finger movements and selections).
Unlike earlier input devices, touch-surfaces now becoming available are capable of simultaneously detecting multiple objects as they approach and/or contact the touch-surface, and detecting object shapes in much more detail. To take advantage of this capability, it is necessary to measure, identify and distinguish between the many kinds of objects that may approach or contact such touch-surfaces simultaneously. Prior art touch-surface systems (including their supporting software and/or circuitry) do not provide a robust ability to do this. Thus, it would be beneficial to provide methods and devices that identify and discriminate multiple simultaneous hover or touch events such as, for example, two or more closely grouped fingers, palm heels from one or more fingers, fingers from thumbs, and fingers from ears and cheeks.
In one embodiment the invention provides a method to discriminate input sources to a touch-surface device. The method includes obtaining a proximity image, segmenting the proximity image to identify a plurality of patches, determining the minor axis radius for each of the plurality of patches, identifying one of the patches as being associated with a large object (e.g., a cheek or leg surface) if the minor axis radius value of the patch is above a first specified threshold, and controlling the operation of a touch-surface device based on the identified large object. In one embodiment, device control is manifest through changing the device's operating mode (e.g., off to on). In another embodiment, device control is manifest through ignoring the identified large object so that it does not cause a change in the device's operating state.
In another embodiment, the invention is directed to identifying and distinguishing various inputs to a multi-touch touch-surface. Illustrative inputs result from sources such as ears, cheeks, legs, chests, fingers, thumbs and palms.
Illustrative touch-surface devices include, but are not limited to, tablet computer systems, notebook computer systems, portable music and video systems and mobile telephones. Methods in accordance with any of the described methodologies may be stored in any media that is readable and executable by a programmable control device such as, for example, by a general purpose computer processor.
Methods and devices to detect and discriminate between multiple simultaneous close approaches or touches to a touch-surface are described. The following embodiments are presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention as claimed and are provided in the context of mutual capacitance touch-surface devices. Variations using other types of touch-surfaces such as force or optical sensing touch-surfaces will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the claims appended hereto are not intended to be limited by the disclosed embodiments, but are to be accorded their widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.
As previously noted, recent touch-surface input devices are capable of simultaneously detecting multiple objects as they approach and/or contact the touch-surface. For a hand-held multi-touch touch-surface device that may be put into a pocket, purse, or held against the head (e.g., portable music player, portable video player, personal digital assistant or mobile phone), detecting when the device is being clasped on the way into or out of the pocket, against the body, or against the head is very useful for: input rejection (ensuring that touch-surface input signals generated as a result of these actions are not mistaken for normal finger/stylus touches); operational mode transitions (e.g., dimming the device's backlight, putting the device to sleep and waking the device from a low-power state); and, for mobile telephones, answering calls (e.g., when the device is brought near, but not necessarily touching the head) and/or terminating calls (e.g., when the unit is placed into a pocket or purse).
Each sensing element (aka "pixel") in a two dimensional array of sensing elements (i.e., a touch-surface) generates an output signal indicative of the electric field disturbance (for capacitance sensors), force (for pressure sensors) or optical coupling (for optical sensors) at the sensor element. The ensemble of pixel values represents a "proximity image." As described herein, various embodiments of the invention address the ability to detect and discriminate between touch-surface signals (represented as a proximity image) resulting from, for example, the types of actions identified in paragraph [017].
Referring to
Next, [PROX] image data feeds other processing blocks that may operate sequentially or in parallel with one another (blocks 110, 115 and 120). It has been found that filtering or smoothing a proximity image (block 115) prior to segmentation (block 125) reduces the number of spurious peaks and thus helps reduce over segmentation. In one embodiment of block 115, each pixel value may be averaged with its nearest neighbor pixels in accordance with a discrete diffusion operation. If this approach is employed, it has been found beneficial to insert a "border" around the captured image so that there is a value with which to average the pixels at the edge of the captured image. For example, a one (1) pixel border may be added to the [PROX] image—where each "border" pixel is assigned a value corresponding to the image's "background" (e.g., zero). In another embodiment, both temporal (e.g., obtaining multiple images over a period of time) and spatial (e.g., averaging neighbor pixels) smoothing operations may be used. Multiple smoothing operations may be beneficial if the captured pixel data is particularly noisy. As noted in
While [PROX] image pixel values are typically zero or positive in response to an object contacting the touch-surface (aka, a "grounded" object), background noise or objects close to but not touching the touch-surface (aka "ungrounded" objects) may produce an image some of whose pixel values are negative. Background noise may be static or vary with circuit temperature, touch-surface moisture, or other factors. Noisy, negative pixels can cause excessive jitter in centroid and other patch measurements (see discussion below regarding block [135]). To compensate for this, [PROX] image pixel values may be confined to a desired, typically positive, range (block 110). Subtracting the noise threshold helps reduce centroid jitter induced from pixels that wander around (above and below) the noise threshold in successive image frames. As noted in
TABLE 1 Illustrative Pixel Constraint Technique On a pixel-by-pixel basis: If [PROX] < (Noise Threshold) [CNST] = (Background Value) Else [CNST] = [PROX] − (Noise Threshold)
In one embodiment, the noise-threshold value is set to between 1 and 3 standard deviations of the noise measured at each pixel and the background-value is set to zero. One skilled in the art will recognize that other values are possible and that the precise choice of values depends, inter alia, on the type of sensor element used, the actual or expected level of pixel noise and the multi-touch device's operational environment. For example, the noise threshold may be set to a specified expected value on a per-pixel basis or a single value may be used for all pixels in an image. In addition, pixel noise values may be allowed to vary over time such that thermal and environmental effects on sensor element noise may be compensated for.
Touch-surface contacts typically show up as grouped collections of "active" pixel values, where each region of fleshy contact (e.g. finger, palm, cheek, ear or thigh) is represented by a roughly elliptical patch of pixels.
By analyzing an image's topography, image segmentation operations can identify distinct pixel patches that correspond to touch-surface contacts (block 125). In one embodiment, bottom-up, ridge-hiking algorithms may be used to group pixels that are part of the same watershed around each peak pixel—each watershed group or pixel patch corresponds to a touch-surface contact. In another embodiment, top-down search algorithms may be used to identify pixel patches surrounding each peak pixel, starting from the peak, searching outward and stopping at valleys. As part of the image segmentation process, one-dimensional patches may be culled from the identified patches in that they generally result from isolated noise spikes or failure of an entire row or column of sensor elements and/or associated circuitry. In addition, because large contacts such as palms and elongated thumbs may produce multiple peaks in a proximity image (due to noise or non-uniform signal saturation, for example), multiple peaks in the image can grow into multiple, split patches. To account for this phenomenon, multiple detected patches may be merged to produce a reduced number of patches for further processing. Heuristic or empirically determined rules may, for example, be applied to accomplish this. For example, two separately identified patches may be merged when the saddle point along their shared border is not "very deep"—e.g., when the saddle magnitude is more than 60% to 80% of the two patches' peak pixel values. As noted in
Analysis shows that noise from pixels on the periphery of a patch, far from the center or peak pixel, can cause more jitter in calculated centroid (center-of-'mass') measurements than the same amount of noise from central pixels. This phenomenon applies to other statistically-fitted patch parameters such as major/minor radii and orientation as well. This jitter can be a particularly serious problem for the smooth tracking of hovering objects because hovering objects do not generally induce strong central pixels, leaving the peripheral pixels with even greater influence on the centroid measurement. However, completely leaving these peripheral pixels out of a patches' centroid calculations would discard potentially useful information about the position, size, and shape of the patch. It is further noted that performing patch parameterization on diffused images may reduce noise from peripheral pixels, but standard spatial filtering processes also cause swelling and distortion of patch shape, cause adjacent patches to spread into one another and other effects that bias centroid and ellipse radii measurements in particular. Thus, a technique is needed that minimizes the amount of noise from patch periphery pixels without strongly distorting patch shape and ensuing measurements.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, therefore, patch peripheral pixel values may be selectively reduced, down-scaled or dampened (block 130). Generally, patch centroid determination may be improved by selectively down-scaling patch peripheral pixels that are fairly weak and whose neighbors are very weak. More specifically, in one embodiment calibrated image pixel values (e.g., in [CNST]) whose corresponding smoothed value (e.g., in [SMTH]) falls within a specified range defined by a lower-limit and an upper-limit are reduced in proportion to where the smoothed value falls within that range. Lower and upper limits are chosen empirically so that only those pixel values that are relatively weak (compared to patch peak values and background noise) are manipulated. It has been found that: if the lower-limit is set too low, the patch will "bloom" from background pixels that happen to have positive noise; if the lower-limit is set too high, the patches' centroid position will have a spatially periodic bias toward sensor element centers (e.g., capacitive electrode plate centers); if the upper-limit is not sufficiently higher than the lower-limit, periphery dampening will not provide any significant centroid jitter reduction benefits; and if the upper-limit is too high, all patch pixels besides the patches' peak pixel will be affected, again biasing determination of the patches' centroid toward sensor element centers. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the lower-limit is set, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to approximately twice the background noise standard deviation and the upper-limit is set to approximately four times the background noise standard deviation (with the background value typically being zero). In another embodiment, the lower-limit is set to a value indicative of the "average" or "expected" noise across all pixels in the proximity image. In some embodiments, the noise value may change dynamically to reflect changing operational conditions (see comments above). As noted in
Illustrative Peripheral Patch Pixel Dampening
For each pixel in a patch:
If [SMTH] < (Lower Limit)
[CNST′] = (Background Value)
Else If [SMTH] > (Upper Limit)
Patch peripheral pixel dampening such as described above is equally applicable to touch-surfaces that provide one-dimensional proximity images. For example, projection scan touch-surfaces provide an output value (or signal) for each row and column of sensor elements in a touch-surface. In these types of touch-surfaces, a "patch" comprises a plurality of values, where each value represents a row or column measurement. The values at the ends of these patches (i.e., the peripheral values) may benefit from noise dampening as described here.
For certain touch-surface input devices such as a telephone, the ear and earlobe may contact the touch-surface sooner or more often than the cheek during calls. Unfortunately, earlobe patches can be very close in size to finger and thumb patches—but should, nevertheless, not cause spurious finger-button activations during a call. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a measurement of patch irregularity is defined that does not look for any specific ear (patch) shape, but rather indicates a general roughness, non-roundness or folds in the pixel patch (block 120). That is, if a patches' irregularity measure is above a specified threshold, the contact is identified as an irregular object (e.g., not a cheek, finger or palm), otherwise the patch is identified as not an irregular object (e.g., a cheek, finger or palm).
Referring to
Next, the total energy for each patch [P1, P2, . . . Pn] is computed (block 205). In one embodiment, for example, a patches' total energy may be calculated by summing the square of each pixel value in the patch. This may be expressed mathematically as follows:
As noted in
The total energy between adjacent pixels in a patch is then determined (block 210). To reduce the effect of energy spikes for pixel patches straddling an edge, the summations below should neglect (i.e., assume a value of zero) contributions from pixels whose neighboring pixels are at the image's border, see EQ. 3. For the same reason, the summations below should ignore contributions from pixels whose neighboring pixels are from a different patch.
The sum is divided by 4 because each pixel gets counted once for each direction in the proximity image (left, right, up and down). As noted in
As noted in
Finally, an irregularity measure for each patch is calculated (block 220). In one embodiment, the irregularity measure is defined as the ratio of a patches' spatial energy minus its peak energy to the patches' total energy:
As noted in
In another embodiment, the irregularity measure may be based on the proximity image as a whole. That is, the entirety of the dispersion image (i.e., all pixels) may be treated as a single "patch" for purposes of generating an irregularity measure value. One benefit to this approach is that abnormal touch-surface surface conditions may be detected, and responded to, prior to segmentation operations in accordance with block 125 (see
In general, an oddly shaped collection of pixels (i.e., a patch) can require a relatively large set of numbers to define its boundary and signal value at each pixel within the patch. To reduce the computational complexity of identifying, distinguishing and tracking touch events, however, it is advantageous to characterize patches identified in accordance with block 125 with as few numbers as practical. Because most patches from flesh contact tend to have an elliptical shape, one approach to patch parameterization is to fit an ellipse to each patch. One benefit of this approach is that an ellipse is completely described by a relatively small collection of numbers—its center coordinates, major and minor axis lengths, and major axis orientation.
Referring again to
In another embodiment, patch signal density may be approximated by:
Prior art techniques to discriminate between objects that actually contact a touch-surface from those that are merely hovering above it have relied upon a patches' total signal parameter (see, for example, EQ. 6). This approach, however, is very dependent upon the size of the object being identified. That is, prior art techniques that threshold on a patches' total signal value generally only work well for objects of a single size. For example, a total patch signal threshold selected to identify a fingertip contact could trigger detection of a thumb or palm when those objects are far above the touch-surface. Such a situation can lead to the mis-activation of keys, buttons or other control elements, the activation of control elements prior to surface contact and the mis-identification of patches (e.g., identifying a patch actually caused by a palm as a thumb).
In contrast, a discrimination technique in accordance with one embodiment of the invention uses a patches' signal density parameter (see, for example, EQs. 7 and 8). It has been found that this approach provides a robust means to distinguish objects that contact the touch-surface from those that are held or hovering above the surface—regardless of the object's size. For instance, the same density threshold can discriminate surface contact for fingers (adult and children), thumbs, palms and cheeks.
If the patch signal density parameter is normalized such that a firm fingertip contacting the touch-surface produces a peak value of 1, then a lightly brushing contact typically produces values slightly greater than 0.5 (e.g., half the normalized value) while a hovering object would produce a patch density value generally less than 0.5. It will be recognized that what constitutes "slightly greater" or "slightly less" is dependent upon factors such as the type of sensor elements used and their physical layout. Accordingly, while the precise determination of a threshold value based on patch signal density will require some experimentation, it would be will within the purview of an artisan of ordinary skill with benefit of this disclosure.
It has also been determined that fingernail touches produce patch signal density values generally less than approximately 0.5. This is because the non-conductive fingernail holds the conductive finger flesh more than approximately 1 millimeter above the touch-surface. Accordingly, a threshold operation based on patch signal density is also a reliable means for discriminating between fleshy fingertip touches and back-of-fingernail touches.
With patch parameterization complete, the various types of touch-surface contacts may be discriminated (block 140). Using the parameters identified above, it is possible to robustly and reliably distinguish large objects (e.g., cheeks and palms) form other objects (e.g., fingers and thumbs), irregular objects (e.g., ears) from regular objects (e.g., fingers, thumbs, cheeks and palms) and finger-clasp actions (e.g., when a user claps a multi-touch touch-surface device to put it into or withdraw it from a pocket). Identification of and discrimination between these types of touch-surface inputs permits an associated device to be controlled in a more robust manner. For example, in one embodiment detection of a large object may be used to transition the device from one operational state (e.g., off) to another (e.g., on). In another embodiment, input identified as the result of a large or irregular object, which might normally cause a state transition, may be safely ignored if in one or more specified states. For example, if a touch-surface telephone is already in an "on" or "active" state, identification of a large or irregular object may be ignored.
As previously noted, it can be advantageous to distinguish large objects (e.g., cheeks and palms) from small objects (e.g., fingertips), regardless of whether the objects are hovering a few millimeters above the touch-surface or are pressed firmly against the surface. It has been found that a contact's minor radius measure provides a robust discriminative measure to accomplish this. If a patches' minor radius exceeds a specified threshold, the contact can reliably be classified as a cheek—as opposed to a finger or thumb, for example. This same measurement can also detect a nearby leg (e.g., thigh) through a few millimeters of fabric (e.g. when a device is inserted in the pocket with its touch-surface facing the body). This measurement has been found to be so robust that if other patches appear on the surface with smaller minor radii (e.g. from an earlobe), they may be safely ignored. Referring to
A similar size testing may be performed using a patches' major or geometric mean radius (i.e.,
the minor-radius discrimination described here has been found to be superior because it is better able to discriminate between thumbs or flattened fingers. (Flattened fingers may produce major radii as large as a cheek major radius, but their minor radii are typically no larger than a normal fingertip touch.)
It will be recognized that distinguishing a palm contact from fingertip or thumb contacts can be especially difficult because the patch radii resulting from a palm contact for people with small hands may approach the patch radii caused by thumb or fingertip contacts for people with large hands. These types of contacts may also be distinguished in accordance with the invention using the patch minor radius parameter. Referring to
Ear and earlobe contacts can generate patches that are roughly the same size as those generated by fingers and thumbs. It has been found, however, that the creases, ridges, and generally rough topography of the ear do produce proximity images unique from fingers and thumbs, at least if the imaging sensor (i.e., touch-surface) covers a significant portion of the ear (i.e. not just the fleshy lobule). The irregularity measure described above is one way to characterize contact roughness (see EQ. 5). This permits a robust means to discriminate between contacts due to ears and earlobes from contacts due to fingers, thumbs, cheeks, thighs and palms. It has been found that the defined irregularity measure tends to give values between 1.0 to 2.0 for ear and earlobe contacts while regular (e.g., smooth) contacts attributable to fingers, thumbs, palms and cheeks give values less than about 1.0. Referring to
In one embodiment, successive proximity images (aka "frames") are used to track objects as they move across a touch-surface. For example, as an object is moved across a touch-surface, its associated patch(es) may be correlated through overlap calculations. That is, patches identified in successive images that overlap in a specified number of pixels (or fraction of patch pixels) may be interpreted to be caused by the same object. In such an embodiments, the maximum patch minor radius over the life of the tracked contact may be compared to the thresholds discussed above (e.g., thresholds 310 in
When taking a multi-touch device in and out of a pocket, or otherwise generally handling it, users should have the freedom to clasp their hand around it without producing spurious input. Such finger-clasps can be detected via any one of the following criteria:
In another embodiment of the invention, multi-touch processing methodology may include far-field processing. As used herein, far-field processing refers to the detection and processing associated with bodies (e.g., fingers, palms, cheeks, ears, thighs, . . . ) that are close to (e.g., less than one millimeter to more than a centimeter) but not in contact with the touch-surface. The ability to detect far-field objects may be beneficial in touch-surface devices that, during normal use, are brought into close proximity to a user. One example of such a device is a telephone that includes touch-surface for user input (e.g., dialing).
Referring to
Negative Far-Field Image=[PROX]−(Noise Factor) EQ. 9
In one embodiment, the noise factor may be set to between approximately 1 and 2 standard deviations of the average noise measured or expected over the entire image. This will cause most pixels in the resulting negative far-field image to be slightly negative rather than neutral in the absence of any touch-surface contact. As noted in
Next, each pixel in the [NFAR] image is saturated to the highest level expected from an object hovering a few millimeters from the touch-surface (block 605). In one embodiment, the resulting far-field saturation image (denoted [SFAR] in
Illustrative Far-Field Saturation Operations
For each pixel in the initial far-field image:
If [NFAR] > (Far-Field Saturation Limit)
[SFAR] = (Far-Field Saturation Limit)
Since a goal of far-field operations is to be sensitive to large numbers of pixels only slightly activated (e.g., having small positive values), without being overwhelmed by a few strongly active pixels (e.g., having large positive values), the saturation limit value should be less than the peak pixel value from fingers or thumbs hovering within approximately 1 to 2 millimeters of the touch-surface, but not so low as to cause the resulting [SFAR] image to lose to much information content. While the precise far-field saturation limit value will vary from implementation to implementation (due to differences in sensor element technology and associated circuitry), it has been determined empirically that a suitable value will generally lie between +3 standard deviations and +6 standard deviations of noise associated with the initial far-field image. (Again, this noise may be on a per-pixel, or whole image basis.)
If the initial proximity image [PROX] contains a significant amount of noise, it may be beneficial to filter the [SFAR] image (block 610). In one embodiment, a finite impulse response filter technique may be used wherein two or more consecutive [SFAR] images are averaged together. In another embodiment, an infinite impulse response filter technique may be used to generate a smoothed image. It will be recognized that an infinite impulse response filter generates a weighted running average (or auto-regressive) image. In one embodiment, for example, an infinite impulse response filter combines the current far-field saturated image (e.g., [SFAR]new) with the immediately prior far-field saturated image (e.g., [SFAR]prior) in a one-third to two-thirds ratio. As noted in
Following image segmentation operations in accordance with block 125 (see
where the ENeg( ) function non-linearly amplifies pixel values below a threshold (e.g., zero) and [LOC] represents a pixel weighting mechanism. As indicated in EQ. 10, only proximity image background pixels contribute to the computed FAR-FIELD value. That is, pixels identified as belonging to a patch during image segmentation operations are excluded during far-field measurement operations.
In one embodiment, the ENeg( ) function disproportionately emphasizes the contributions from background pixels as follows:
where B represents a far-field saturation limit value. Empirically determined, B is chosen to permit a small number of negative pixels to cancel out a finger or thumb-sized patch of positive pixels. In this way, only a nearly full coverage cheek-sized patch of positive pixels, plus a small remainder of neutral/background pixels, can produce a strongly positive far-field measurement.
While not necessary, disproportionately emphasizing the contributions from background pixels in accordance with EQs. 10 and 11 permits the FAR-FIELD measurement to be more selective for bodies large enough to positively affect most of a touch-surface's pixel (e.g., cheeks and legs), while not being overly influenced by medium-sized objects (e.g., hovering thumbs). For example, if a hovering thumb causes half of a touch-surface's sensor elements to have a slightly above-background pixel value, disproportionately emphasizing the half that remain below background will keep the measured FAR-FIELD value below zero—indicating no large object is "near" the touch-surface (e.g., within 1 to 3 centimeters). In another embodiment, background pixels may be linearly combined (e.g., summed).
As noted above, [LOC] represents a pixel weighting mechanism. In general, there is one value in [LOC] for each pixel present in the touch-surface. If it is desired to consider all touch-surface pixels equally, each value in the [LOC] image may be set to 1.0 (or some similar constant value). For hand-held form-factors selectivity for large bodies may be improved, however, by lowering the weights near the bottom and side edges (for example, to values between 0.1 and 0.9). Doing this can lessen false-positive contributions from a hand whose fingers wrap around the device during (clasping) operations. In mobile phone form-factors, to retain sensitivity to ear and cheek far-fields, the weights along the top edge (where thumbs and fingers are less likely to hover or wrap) may be kept at full strength.
Returning now to
In addition, one or more proximity sensors may be positioned above the touch-surface's top edge or around, for example, a telephone's receiver opening. Illustrative proximity sensors of this type include, but are not limited to, active infrared-reflectance sensors and capacitance-sensitive electrode strips. In a mobile telephone form-factor, when the device is held such that the receiver is centered on the ear canal, ear ridges may trigger the proximity sensor. Meanwhile the earlobe may cause a small pixel patch in the top portion of the touch-surface. Discrimination operations in accordance with block 140 could decide that when a pixel patch at the top of the touch-surface is accompanied by any significant receiver proximity trigger, the pixel patch must be an ear, not a finger. In another embodiment, the same conditions but with a significant FAR-FIELD value for the lower portion of the touch-surface (indicating a hovering cheek) may be used to trigger detection of an ear at the top of the touch-surface. Generally speaking, one or more of signal density (see EQs. 7 and 8), patch irregularity (see EQ. 5), FAR-FIELD measurement (see EQ. 10) and proximity sensor input may be combined (e.g., a weighted average) so that ear detection can trigger when multiple indicators are weakly active, or just one indicator is strongly active. Finally, it is noted that contact discrimination parameters such as a patches' centroid, minor axis radius, patch irregularity (EQ. 5), patch signal density (EQs. 7 and 8), far-field (EQ. 10) and proximity sensor input (if available) may be (low-pass) filtered to help counteract their often sporadic nature. This may be particularly beneficial if the filters employ adaptive time constants that rise quickly in response to rising input values, but decay more slowing when input values drop and/or are missing.
Referring to
As illustrated, touch-surface element 705 includes sensor elements and necessary drive and signal acquisition and detection circuitry. Memory 710 may be used to retain acquired proximity image information (e.g., [PROX] image data) and by processor 715 for computed image information (e.g., patch characterization parameters). Processor 715 represents a computational unit or programmable control device that is capable of using the information generated by touch-surface element 705 to determine various metrics in accordance with
Various changes in the materials, components, circuit elements, as well as in the details of the illustrated operational methods are possible without departing from the scope of the following claims. It will be recognized, for example, that not all steps identified in
With respect to illustrative touch-surface device 700, touch-surface element 705 may incorporate memory (e.g., 710) and/or processor (e.g., 715) functions. In addition, external component 720 may represent a hardware element (e.g., a host processor) or a software element (e.g., a driver utility).
Finally, acts in accordance with
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|30 Sep 2009
|10 Jun 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Negative pixel compensation
|5 Mar 2013
|17 Jun 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Tactile feedback in an electronic device
|8 Oct 2013
|17 Jun 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Negative pixel compensation
|19 Aug 2013
|29 Jul 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Multi-touch input discrimination
|25 Sep 2008
|26 Aug 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Capacitive sensor having electrodes arranged on the substrate and the flex circuit
|8 Apr 2013
|21 Oct 2014
|Apple Inc.
|Multi-dimensional scroll wheel
|24 May 2010
|4 Nov 2014
|Amazon Technologies, Inc.
|Determining relative motion as input
|7 Feb 2012
|2 Dec 2014
|Microsoft Corporation
|Multi-touch-movement gestures for tablet computing devices
|10 Dec 2012
|6 Jan 2015
|Wms Gaming Inc.
|Multi-player, multi-touch table for use in wagering game systems
|5 Jun 2009
|10 Feb 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Method and apparatus to reject accidental contact on a touchpad
|15 Jun 2012
|17 Feb 2015
|Wms Gaming Inc.
|Gesture sensing enhancement system for a wagering game
|23 Apr 2013
|3 Mar 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Selective input signal rejection and modification
|27 Jan 2012
|3 Mar 2015
|Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd.
|Touch sensing apparatus and method thereof
|16 Mar 2011
|10 Mar 2015
|Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
|Reducing sleep current in a capacitance sensing system
|17 Dec 2010
|17 Mar 2015
|Microsoft Corporation
|Using movement of a computing device to enhance interpretation of input events produced when interacting with the computing device
|11 Feb 2011
|24 Mar 2015
|Microsoft Corporation
|Multi-touch input device with orientation sensing
|17 Dec 2010
|31 Mar 2015
|Microsoft Corporation
|Detecting gestures involving intentional movement of a computing device
|23 Apr 2014
|21 Apr 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Negative pixel compensation
|28 Jul 2014
|5 May 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Multi-touch input discrimination
|30 Sep 2011
|26 May 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Selective rejection of touch contacts in an edge region of a touch surface
|28 Nov 2011
|30 Jun 2015
|Volkswagen Ag
|Method for the operator control of a matrix touchscreen
|14 Apr 2014
|30 Jun 2015
|Apple Inc.
|Tactile feedback in an electronic device
|5 Feb 2014
|7 Jul 2015
|Bebop Sensors, Inc.
|Foot-operated controller
|13 Mar 2013
|7 Jul 2015
|Bebop Sensors, Inc.
|Multi-touch pad controller
|5 Nov 2010
|14 Jul 2015
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd
|Touch input method and apparatus for recognizing and distinguishing finger contact on a touch sensing surface
|31 Jan 2013
|21 Jul 2015
|Wms Gaming Inc.
|Gesture fusion
|12 Jun 2014
|28 Jul 2015
|Google Inc.
|Keyboard integrated with trackpad
|22 Apr 2011
|28 Jul 2015
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Configuring a touchpad setting based on the metadata of an active application of an electronic device
|17 Aug 2012
|4 Aug 2015
|Synaptics Incorporated
|Sensing and defining an input object
|22 Oct 2009
|Htc Corporation
|Operating method, system and stroage device using the same
|6 Oct 2010
|14 Apr 2011
|Sony Corporation
|Information input device, information input method, information input/output device, computer readable non-transitory recording medium and electronic unit
|5 Nov 2010
|5 May 2011
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Touch input method and apparatus for recognizing and distinguishing finger contact on a touch sensing surface
|21 Jan 2010
|21 Jul 2011
|Vieta William Matthew
|Negative Pixel Compensation
|8 Mar 2010
|8 Sep 2011
|Plantronics, Inc.
|Touch Sensor With Active Baseline Tracking
|10 Nov 2010
|3 Nov 2011
|Kyocera Corporation
|Portable terminal, control program and control method
|18 Feb 2011
|24 May 2012
|Himax Technologies Limited
|Touch device and touch position locating method thereof
|9 Nov 2010
|6 Sep 2012
|Kyocera Corporation
|Mobile communication terminal, input control program and input control method
|3 Jan 2013
|Microsoft Corporation
|Detecting portable device orientation and user posture via touch sensors
|17 Jan 2012
|7 Mar 2013
|Chih-Hung Lu
|Optical touch-control system with track detecting function and method thereof
|22 Apr 2011
|18 Sep 2014
|Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
|Palm Check of a Touchpad
|22 Jan 2011
|26 Jul 2012
|Volkswagen Ag
|Method for operating capacitive matrix touch screen of motor vehicle, involves correcting signal levels of several matrix elements that are arranged at line of array elements or at gaps formed between array elements
|29 Jan 2011
|2 Aug 2012
|Volkswagen Ag
|Verfahren zum Bedienen eines Matrix-Touchscreens, insbesondere eines in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Touchscreens
|22 Sep 2010
|7 Apr 2011
|Apple Inc.
|Negative pixel compensation
|14 Oct 2010
|21 Apr 2011
|Kesumo, Llc
|Foot-operated controller
|15 Sep 2010
|28 Jul 2011
|Apple Inc.
|Touch sensor panel negative pixel compensation
|28 Nov 2011
|2 Aug 2012
|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
|Method for the operator control of a matrix touchscreen
|22 May 2012
|29 Nov 2012
|Google Inc.
|Wearable heads-up display with integrated finger-tracking input sensor
|22 May 2012
|4 Apr 2013
|Google Inc.
|Wearable heads-up display with integrated finger-tracking input sensor
|28 Sep 2011
|4 Apr 2013
|Empire Technology Development Llc
|Differentiating inputs of a display device
|14 Mar 2013
|19 Sep 2013
|Microsoft Corporation
|Input data type profiles
|U.S. Classification
|345/156, 345/173, 382/209, 382/173, 178/18.02, 382/100
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|3 Jan 2007
Owner name: APPLE COMPUTER, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WESTERMAN, WAYNE C., MR.;REEL/FRAME:018703/0178
Effective date: 20061222
|11 May 2007
Owner name: APPLE INC.,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:APPLE COMPUTER, INC.;REEL/FRAME:019265/0961
Effective date: 20070109
|1 Nov 2011
|Certificate of correction
|21 May 2014
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text:
Just come back from a 5 day stay with my 11 year old daughter. Ramadan at the moment so the hotel and the area was not busy.
Hotel is clean and what you would expect from a 3 star, I have no major complaints with the appearance just the odd SMALL repairs. About a 10 minute taxi drive to the medina (Moroccan market area) and should only cost you 20 MAD but I did manage to haggle and get it for 15. No fridge in the room.
BREAKFAST: is basic, the same every day...croissants, bread rolls, cornflakes, salad, plain yogurt and pancakes....if you don't like plain pancakes bring your own spread.
No entertainment at the hotel but they are polite and welcome children. Pool area is great, good size with the shallow end at 1metre and the deep at 3metres.
A small area with a basket ball hoop that can be used.
food and drinks will cost you more at the hotel.....1.5litre water is 15MAD but you can by it for 6MAD at the shops 4 minutes walk down the road.
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- Also Known As:
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General Registry of Autologous Fat Transfer (GRAFT)
Project Title: General Registry of Autologous Fat Transfer (GRAFT)
Principal Investigators: Babak Mehrara, MD and J. Peter Rubin, MD
Clinical Coordinating Center: The Plastic Surgery Foundation
Project Description: The objective of this quality improvement initiative is to establish the first US-based, Nation-Wide Registry of fat grafting for all aesthetic and reconstructive procedures. The GRAFT Registry is a central web-accessible national database in which participating clinical centers contribute fat grafting cases performed for aesthetic or reconstructive surgery. Patient demographics, procedural variables, complications, and incidence of new or recurrent breast cancers are being collected at established time points. In addition, GRAFT uses the BREAST-Q®, a patient reported outcome (PRO) instrument developed through a PSF-sponsored project, to determine the impact of these procedures on PROs and quality of life. Data from GRAFT will be used for providing insight into the safety of fat grafting procedures and to establish best practice guidelines that will have broad impact on the plastic surgery community.
Status: GRAFT is currently collecting Breast specific data from select core sites. Data collection will open to all ASPS members in October 2015, for all fat grafting procedures.
Support provided by:


text:
Clear Creek Guest Ranch
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Another early morning. Had a waffle for breakfast. Very yummy. Left Virginia and crossed into Tennessee. After a morning break we crossed into Tennessee. Stopped for lunch at a Cracker Barrel in Sevierville. As this is birthplace of Dolly Parton we stopped outside the town hall to take a photo of her statue. Then travelled through Pigeon Forge which is the town before Dollyville. It is just ...
Spruce Pines via Blue Ridge Parkway
... to the Atlantic - the Orchard has been a vital travel route since our continent's earliest settlers began exploring these mountains. Buffalo and elk traversed here, followed by the Cherokee Indians and eventually European settlers.The ancient game paths became foot trails and then trading routes. Early settlers defied British attempts to make peace with the Indians by disallowing settlement to the west of the ...
Mother's Day
Got up and showered. Had just toast so pills could be taken. Went to Deer Park Restaurant in Biltmore Estate for brunch. Very, very nice and delicious......126.89 visa. Drove around the grounds and then back to the Leprechaun to take naps. Back to Leprechaun. Had a lazy afternoon. Still full from brunch buffet so had toast with baby swiss cheese and chai tea for supper......perfect. Played one game of cribbage and went to bed at 9:00. Cost of 2 sleeps at Asheville ...
Asheville NC
... then hiked to a waterfall at the bottom too. Headed back to explore Downtown Asheville to explore. I'm not sure what I was expecting from Asheville but it's not this. There are musicians and artist on each street corner. At 7pm there is a drum circle in the main square. Whizzing around town is a pub that customers pedal and a ...
Mount Mitchell Waterfalls
... angles. Then we hiked back to the car and continued on South Toe River Road to Black Mountain Campground, parking just outside. We hiked across the vehicle bridge over the river into the campground and got on Setrock Creek Falls Trail (#197). It's a short and easy trail, maybe a quarter-mile, to the waterfall. The waterfall is probably about 75 feet high and its a nice tiered waterfall. Today, however, the water flow was pretty low ...


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Travel Retail EMEA La Mer and Aveda - Brand Intern London,GBR POSITION SUMMARY: Travel Retail EMEA currently has an exciting opportunity for a Crème de la - Indeed
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HN-EEI137 Modway
Modway Round Wenge Plywood Coffee TableItem # HN-EEI137
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- Modern table with sleek, open design
- Durable molded plywood and veneers
- Hardwood center
- Deep wenge brown finish
- Dimensions: 34 diam. x 16H inches
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- Attractive Design
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came with a dent on the edge, had to return, otherwise nice table
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Modway Round Wenge Plywood Coffee Table
Warm up contemporary interiors with the coolly lined, heat-molded East End Imports Round Wenge Plywood Coffee Table. Crafted with a strong hardwood center, this plywood table boasts a wood veneer top and legs molded under heat and pressure for a coolly curved, modern result. A deep wenge brown finish is a cozy final touch.About East End ImportsBased in New York City, East End Imports designs and manufactures modern classics. With original ideas and innovative interpretations, East End de


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HN-ZMC1160 Zuo Modern
Zuo Modern Wetherby Dining TableItem # HN-ZMC1160
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- Bold, contemporary design
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- Table dimensions: 39.5 diam. x 29.5H inches
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The Zuo Modern Wetherby Dining Table will add a touch of dramatic flair to your dining room, drawing the attention and compliments of all your guests. It has a solid, welded chrome base and a thick, tempered glass top. All it needs is a set of your favorite dining chairs (sold separately)! About Zuo ModernZuo Modern designs products with a simple philosophy in mind: clean, modern shapes combined with classic colors. All Zuo Modern products are put through rigorous processes to ensure quality materi


text:
Slideshow: Share Your Sweets: Crispy, Crunchy, Dunkable Cookies
Natalie's Fauxreos
"What cookie is more dunkable than an oreo? And you can feel less guilty about dunking them when you made them yourself!"—Natalie
Ceecee's Extreme Caffeine-Chocolate Shortbread Cookies
"These are, without a word of a lie, my favorite cookies ever! Buttery, chocolaty, and a double hit of coffee flavour makes this shortbread recipe a must have in any baker's repertoire...and perfect for dunking!"—Ceecee L.
Gayle's Chocolate Orange Almond Biscotti
"I think I have perfected the biscotti dunking technique: dip in beverage for one second, and instead of chomping away, let the liquid saturate the biscotti for several seconds out of the drink before nibbling. This way the biscotti don't get soggy. I love these chocolate orange almond biscotti with coffee."—Gayle S.
Esther's Chocolate Hazelnut Biscotti
"This biscotti recipe from David Lebovitz tastes like nutella due to the chocolate and hazelnut combination. I love having these because I can have it alongside my coffee in the morning, and also for my 3 pm pick me up!"—Esther C.
Posie and Haley's Chocolate Wafer Cookies
"These crisp, snappy cookies taste deeply of chocolate and are an easy homemade version of the supermarket classic thins—perfect for tea or making icebox cakes!"—Posie H. and Haley
Laura's Russian Tea Cakes
"What's better to be dunked in tea than Russian Tea Cakes? These crunchy, crumbly, slightly sweet cookies studded with pecans are the perfect accompaniment for a cup of tea on a chilly winter morning."—Laura D.
Michele's Toaster-Oven Trail Mix Biscotti
"So nice, we baked them twice! These light, crispy cookies have lots of nooks and crannies to soak up your hot chocolate or coffee, and the fluffy angel-food-style batter can handle just about any dry mix-in!"—Michele H.
Robyn's Mandelbrot
"You certainly want a cup of hot something on hand in which to dunk these cookies because they're meant to be crunchy. Although I did deploy my secret weapon, almond flour, making these cookies somewhat more tender then traditional mandelbrot. I made them a little sweeter as well; life is short and cookies should be sweet. Plus, they're fully loaded with yummy yums like white chocolate and dried cherries!"—Robyn F.
Marissa's Dark Chocolate Orange Biscotti
"These Dark Chocolate Orange Biscotti are the perfect dunking cookie. Sweet and tart from the orange, rich and smooth from the chocolate, they have just the right flavor to keep you coming back for more crunch!"—Marissa B.
Marianna's Obama Cookies
"I made a cookie following the recent US elections based on the winning candidate, so OBAMA COOKIES (with chocolate, coconut, cashews, cinnamon, coffee and rum soaked raisins)."—Marianna F.
Rachel's Springerle
"Springerle are an anise-flavored cookie from Germany made of heavily beaten eggs, powdered sugar, and flour. I make these right after Thanksgiving so they have plenty of time to harden and age before it's time to dig in to the Christmas cookies on Dec. 24th. I prefer mine tooth-breakingly hard, but sticking a piece of bread or slice of apple into the tin can keep them a little softer."—Rachel R.


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The products on this site are only delivered to UK addresses. If you require delivery to another country please visit one of our other sites below.
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Shrubs and roses are great for filling gaps and adding interest to your beds and borders. There are many that are easy to grow and care for and will give you years of pleasure, making this range of plants great value for money! View our video on How to plant shrubs and take a look at Michael Perry's (New Product Development Manager) Top 5 shrub recommendations
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Cornus sanguinea 'Winter Flame'
Common Dogwood, Cornus 'Winter Beauty'Customer Rating
Rhododendron 'Geisha Orange' (Large Plant)
Dwarf Evergreen Azalea
A highly unique, dwarf Rhododendron with bright orange flowers, which will virtually cover the evergreen foliage throughout May, and often into June. Japanese Azaleas makes a lovely feature in the rockery or a grown in a container on the patio.
Rhododendron 'Geisha Orange' produces masses of flowers, and the compact spreading habit can make a fabulous low maintenance shrub for year round structure and colour. Azalea plants are perfect for bridging that gap between spring bulbs and summer perennials! Height and spread: 60cm (24").More info
Abelia x grandiflora 'Sunny Charms'
Glossy Abelia
Photinia x fraseri 'Red Robin' (Large Plant)
Rose 'Blue for You' (Floribunda Rose)
RosaCustomer Rating
The best blue rose yet! With a lovely, fruity fragrance, this compact floribunda rose bears stunning semi-double, lilac blue blooms over a long period. A neat bushy habit makes Rose 'Blue for you' easy to care for and a lovely addition to mixed borders. Height: 80cm (31"). Spread: 65cm (26").
Culinary note:Culinary note: Some parts of these flowers are edible. For more details about edible flowers click here.
Companion planting: Try growing roses with garlic, chives, thyme or mint to help deter aphids and blackfly.
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Tree Peony 'Rockii Mixed'
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Buddleja Buzz™ Indigo'
Buddleja davidii, Buddleia, Butterfly Bush
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Hydrangea macrophylla 'Love'Sister line to the Chelsea 2014 Plant of the Year Hydrangea 'Miss Saori'! Although more subtle, this superb double flowered Hydrangea is equally impressive. Individual tiered blooms form gently rounded flower heads in the softest shade of baby pink. Hydrangea macrophylla 'Love' makes a breathtaking specimen shrub and a splendid cut flower too. Perfect for adding elegant blooms and richly coloured autumn foliage to borders and patio containers. Height and spread: 100cm (39").
Powerliner® plugs are well established, mature plugs which can be potted on or can be planted straight into the border or containers. Each plug module is 6.5cm in diameter.
Useful links:More info
Rose 'For Your Eyes Only' (Floribunda Rose)
RosaCustomer Rating
Early to flower, then continually blooming right through summer and into autumn. Be the first in your street to grow 'For Your Eyes Only' - Rose of the Year 2015. Just like 'Bright As A Button' and 'Blue Eyes', it's unique open flowers with central blotching are set to change the face of modern roses. A short height and compact growth habit makes 'For Your Eyes Only' the perfect ground cover and container rose.
Why not pot it on the patio to make the most of its subtle scent and dusky pink-orange, centre-spotted blooms while entertaining in the garden this summer? Height: 90cm (35"). Spread: 90cm (35").
Culinary note: Some parts of these flowers are edible. For more details about edible flowers click here.More info
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Miss Saori'
Bred by one of the most highly respected Hydrangea breeders, and a worthy winner of the coveted Chelsea Flower Show Plant of the Year 2014 award! Hydrangea macrophylla 'Miss Saori' is quite unique. Each fully double, white bloom is frosted with a soft rose edge, giving the large rounded flower heads a delicate, frothy appearance. This is the first of a new breed of Hydrangeas that will remain the same colour regardless of your soil type, so you are guaranteed to see these beautiful blooms at their best.
The foliage compliments the blooms perfectly, taking on an attractive burgundy hue in spring and autumn that only adds to the appeal of this stunning mophead hydrangea. An exquisite specimen shrub for borders and patio containers where it will give a long season of interest. Hydrangea 'Miss Saori' makes a lovely cut flower too. Height and spread: 100cm (39").
Useful links:More info
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Glam Rock' (Horwack)
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Schloss Wackerbarth'
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Cephalanthus 'Magical Moonlight' (Large Plant)
Large Plant, Cephalanthus, Buttonbush, Buttonbush
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Captain Jeff
At Osage Guide Service, we offer year round, day or night fishing, lake or river fishing, guided fishing trips on the beautiful Osage River, MO, Lake of the Ozarks, Missouri, and Lake Truman, Missouri.
We have over a decade of guiding experience and specialize in Blue
Catfish along with Hybrids. We offer modern, top of the line fishing tackle and equipment; and as a Team Catfish Pro, Capt. Jeff Williams is now running a WELD PRO all-welded aluminum fishing boat on his guided fishing trips (see below). When catfish fishing we use rod and reel. For other types of fish, we use standard live and artificial baits. Whether you're Hybrid Bass fishing or want to go giant Catfish fishing on Lake of the Ozarks, Osage Guide Service is the professional fishing guide for you!
Lake of the Ozarks Guided Fishing Trips InformationLake of he Ozarks takes up 55,000 acres in central Missouri. Impounded in 1931 and all privately owned waterfront, what a wonderful place for trophy blue catfish fishing trips! I am out serving as a Catfish Fishing Guide on this giant reservoir more than 100 days per year trying to target the blue catfish of a lifetime for clients from all over the country. I can start leading guided fishing trips in the Truman Lake dam area in the spring and eventually end up in the lower Osage arm around the 25 mile marker in the winter. Blue Catfish from 2 lbs. up to 60 lbs. are caught regularly, but since the majority of my clients want to target trophy Blue Catfish, most of my catfish fishing trips will be focusing on primarily catching big catfish. Considering the versatility of the available waters, I may anchor fish or drift fish during my guided fishing trips, depending on what time of year clients show up. There are also many tourist attractions in the area, allowing people to make a nice vacation out of the fishing trip when they are done for the day.
Capt. Jeff and Osage Guide Service has been repeatedly featured on...The American Outdoorsman TV Show, in the Oklahoma City Oklahoman, Kansas City Star, Daily Oklahoman, Tulsa World, Wichita Eagle, In-Fisherman's Catfish Insider Guide, Outdoor Life, Oklahoma Game and Fish, Lake Magazine, and Procats Online Magazine; seminars at the Kansas City Sport Show, Bass Pro Classics in Missouri, and the Omaha, NB, Boat Show; and as a Lowrance Electronics Representative in Springfield, Missouri, at the Ozark Empire Fairgrounds Boat show.
Official Pro Staff Member of The American Outdoorsman
Lake of the Ozarks Fishing Guide Service Gift Certificates Available
Contact us via email at:
or call us at:
to make reservations for your next Lake of the Ozarks fishing vacation.
Missouri Fishing Guide Service Prices
White Bass, Spoonbill (Paddlefish),
Blue Catfish
Bluecat fishing trips are day or night. This trip has plenty of action, with 10 to 30 fish on average. They range from around 2 to 30 pounds. The best time for TROPHY blue catfish are November, December, April and May.
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Copyright © 2002-2005 Jeff Williams, Osage Guide Service


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With 14 years in the interior design industry, Kim DiMarco made the switch to children's products with the birth on her first son, Luca. Spending the evenings after her son went to bed searching for unique products for him, DiMarco had a hard time finding items that had distribution in North America—and with that, Luca and Company was born. The Toronto-based company offers award-winning products from five-in-one high chairs, carpets that encourage interactive play, animal toys, and artwork.
Game-changing strollers, car seats, and more for new parents
Super cute gear featuring some very familiar characters
If your child's room needs a pick-me-up, you've come to the right place. Mini lockers, cute storage bins, vanity sets, wall decals, and more add another layer of love to your little one's room.
Everything new parents need to streamline their daily routine


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Kim Kardashian, Kanye West Name Baby Daughter North West!
Yep, it's true! Five days after Kim Kardashian and Kanye West welcomed a baby girl, a source close to the reality star, 32, confirms to Us Weekly that the bundle of joy has been named, as long rumored, North West. The source adds that the "birth certificate is out," and that the little girl, born five weeks early, has no middle name.
The first child for Kardashian and the rapper, 35, already has a nickname, the source adds: "They will call her Nori for short."
PHOTOS: Kim's pregnancy and baby bump style
Indeed, midday on Thursday, a second insider told Us that rumors of the couple's baby being named with a "K" a la her mom, aunts Kourtney Kardashian and Khloe Kardashian, Kylie and Kendall Jenner and grandmother Kris Jenner, were false. (One prevalent rumor suggested that the baby was named Kaidence Donda West, taking her middle name from West's late mother Dr. Donda West.)
PHOTOS: Kim's pregnant bikini body
North was born ahead of schedule on June 15 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Beverly Hills. "Everybody is doing great," the insider adds of the family.
PHOTOS: Weirdest baby names ever
"The baby is so sweet. Kanye is in love. Kim's real due date was July 12 -- Kanye's mom's birthday. That warmed his heart."
This article originally appeared on Usmagazine.com: Kim Kardashian, Kanye West Name Baby Daughter North West!
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Deadline and B4S ID
Opportunity type:
Applicable states:
All India
1. Introduction
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar was a great national leader of twentieth century. He was an intellectual, scholar and statesman and contributed greatly in the nation building. He led number of movements to emancipate the downtrodden masses and to secure human rights to millions of depressed classes. He has left an indelible imprint through his immense contribution in framing the Constitution of free India. He stands as a symbol of struggle for achieving the Social Justice.
Dr. Ambedkar Foundation (DAF) was set up in pursuance of the recommendations of Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's Centenary Celebrations Committee constituted under the Chairmanship of the then Prime Minister. The Foundation was registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 on 24th March, 1992 under the aegis of the Ministry of Welfare now the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment.
The objectives of DAF inter alia provide for financial aid to the institutions propagating Babasaheb's memory, organize special campaign for removal of untouchability and caste based prejudices for brining an attitudinal change in the society through communal harmony and brotherhood and to organize lectures, seminars and symposia etc. on socio-economic issues. Nation is taking rapid strides toward its rightful place at the top as a super power. A society based on social justice and equity gives permanency to such great achievements. An informed youth would not only carry the country's advancement forward but also take it to still higher levels.
2. Objectives
The aim of the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation National Essay Competition is to encourage writing on social issues, among the Students of Schools / Colleges / Universities / Institutions and arouse their interest in Dr. Ambedkar's thoughts on fundamental social issues like social justice, removal of untouchability, caste based prejudices, removal of inequality and discrimination, social democracy, national integration, communal harmony etc. The students are expected to analyze and suggest ways and means to establish a stronger social democracy and a just society.
3. Frequency
Dr. Ambedkar Foundation National Essay Competition for students of recognized Schools / Colleges / Universities / Institutions shall be held every year.
4. Eligibility
Dr. Ambedkar Foundation National Essay Competition is for Students of recognized
(a) Schools (Secondary & Senior Secondary Schools i.e. from class 9th to class 12th ), and
(b) Colleges / Universities / Institutions.
5. Topics
The topics of Essay shall be selected every year from the themes based on Dr. Ambedkar's thoughts on social justice, removal of inequality and discrimination, ameliorating the conditions of weaker sections of the society, removal of untouchability, caste based prejudices, disparities, equality of opportunity, social democracy etc.
6. Medium
The essays may be written in Hindi and English.
7. PRIZES - Prizes to the over-all best three entries in Hindi & English are as under.
- The winner students of the recognized Colleges /Universities /Institutions will be given the following prizes.
|1st prize(Rs.)
|2nd prize(Rs.)
|3rd prize(Rs.)
- The winner students of the recognized School will be given the following prizes.
|1st Prize
|2nd prize
|3rd Prize
9. Terms & Conditions
(i) There is no entry fee.
(ii) The essay shall be of 3500 words and 2000 words for entries from students of Colleges / Universities / Institutions and Schools respectively.
(iii) Each participant should submit only one essay entry on the suggested topic.
(iv)The participants shall submit a certificate that the essay is their original work.
(v) The individual participant shall enclose a certificate issued by the concerned recognized school/ college/ University/ institutions, certifying that he/she is a bonafide student.
(vi)Participants should send two clean typed copies (one original & other photocopy) of the essay. One copy should include name, address, topic, language, e-mail, phone no. etc. with the signature of the participant, while the other copy need not show any such particulars.
(vii) Submission of the essay entry to the competition implies the acceptance of the rules and regulations of the competition.
(viii)No correspondence will be entertained in this regard.
(ix)Plagiarism will result in immediate disqualification.
(x) Relevant information like name, e-mail address, postal address, institution, course and year of study etc. of the student participant should be indicated in the covering letter and strictly not in the essay.
(xi)The organizers reserve the right to reject entries that do not conform to these guidelines.
(xii) All entries received for competition will become the property of the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation. The winning entries may be considered for publication in a book form by the Foundation.
(xiii)In all matters of dispute, the decision of the Dr. Ambedkar Foundation will be final and binding.
11. Announcement of Prizes
A full list of winners would be placed on the websites of the Foundation (www.ambedkarfoundation.nic.in). Winners may be invited to Delhi for felicitation in a befitting manner.
12. Distribution of Prizes
(i) The prizes money will be sent to winners in the form of an account payee Bank draft by registered post through the concerned recognized Schools / Colleges / Universities / Institutions.
(ii) In case the Foundation invites the winners for a felicitation at Delhi, the winner and one escort will be paid actual fare by sleeper class train/bus from their place of study or from the hometown (Both ways). Arrangements for their boarding / lodging in Delhi will also be made by the Foundation. A sum of Rs. 8,000/- @ Rs. 4,000/- each (on an average) for the winner students and escort will be earmarked for their travelling expenses, boarding and lodging.
Useful links
Contact information
The Chair Professor,
Dr. Ambedkar Chair of Legal Studies & Research,
Department of law,
Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh - 202002, Uttar Pradesh
Dr. Ambedkar Chair of Legal Studies & Research,
Department of law,
Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh - 202002, Uttar Pradesh
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Dr. Ambedkar National Essay Competition Scheme 2013
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text: It took several tries to figure out how to get into the parking lot for this hotel. The location is adjacent to the bridge between Ocean Springs and Biloxi, so the roads were configured to accommodate crossing the bridge. Other than that, it was a reasonable value, the staff were friendly and the wifi worked well.


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From one season to the other...
Enjoy Your meal
The restaurant "Il Concerto" Menus are composed by a seasonal selection of fresh and unique ingredients, which are the highest expression of quality and freshness.
Our Purposes
Parma ham with spun-curd cheese and basil with black pepper
Thinly sliced raw meat " cow-Sorana" with cruditès and mustard old
Peppery tomato sauce with brad "Carasau" and Italian cream cheese "Buffalo", anchovies and basil
and more...
The appetizer of tradition Treviso: Grilled crust cornmeal-mush with Italian cheese "Casatella" and Trevigiano salami "Sopressa"
First Dishes
"Tagliatelle" pasta with "Carbonara" light (eggs, zucchini, mint and pumpkin flowers)
Stuffed ravioli with roast rabbit , spinach and Italian cheese "ricotta" sautèed in butter and paprika
Pappardelle pasta with lobster sauce with cherry tomatoes and rosemary
and more...
The first course of tradition Treviso: Risotto with "Casatella" cheese, melted with Cabernet Piave wine
Second Dishes
Beef Tenderloin with delicacy pineapple, seared balsamic vinegar
Sliced beef "quality best Irish" with rocket and pepper sauce summer
Fillet of sea bass with lemon cooked to the plate with potatoes and grilled zucchini
and more...
The main couse of tradition Treviso: Rabbit roast with potatoes and pepper
The desserts are handbaked and prepared everyday especially for you!
For info and requests, please contact:
Ristorante "Il Concerto" c/o BW Titian Inn Hotel Treviso, Via Callalta 87 Silea (Tv) Tel. (+39) 0422.361770 - Fax. 0422.460150 email firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
- Cream of Wheat invented (1893)
- Cream of Wheat introduced (1893)
World's Coolest Starbucks Stores
Mikel Ward
Mikel Ward
Today on The Daily Meal
Recipe of the day
It's no doubt a rare occasion when a Starbucks store gets associated with words like "unique" and "one-of-a-kind." Rare, but not outside of the realm of possibility.
In the last couple of months, there has been a string of unique Starbucks stores making headlines. First there was an eco-friendly structure in Tukila, Wash., made entirely from reclaimed shipping containers, followed by the world's first ski-in/ski-out location in California's Squaw Valley.
Most recently, there was the news of the opening of an Amsterdam location called "The Bank." The concept store — complete with locally inspired design elements and a "Slow" Coffee Theatre for testing new brewing methods — has been promoted by the company as a "glimpse into Starbucks' vision for the future."
But it's not just these new concept stores that stand out in the crowd (and when it comes to Starbucks stores, there is definitely a crowd). Some locations distinguish themselves by innovative exterior design, others by their unexpected surroundings — and in one case, at least, by simply being atypical for the brand.
This article was originally published March 20, 2012.
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Please click here to view the Notice of No Poll for the ratepaying members of the Board.
Please click here to view Witham First District Internal Drainage Board's Notice of Conclusion of Audit of Accounts.
Please click on the links below to view ADA's publications regarding managing flood risk and dredging: The ADA 10 point plan to manage food risk The ADA factsheet 'Dredging – myth busters' Dredging – the views and experience of Internal Drainage Boards
Copyright © 2015 · All Rights Reserved · Witham First District Internal Drainage Board


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Hollywood Moguls Raise $600,000 for NY Gov. Andrew Cuomo's Reelection Campaign
The crowd gathered at Jim Gianopulos' Brentwood home Thursday handicapped Cuomo as the Democrats' best pick for the presidency, if Hillary Clinton decides not to run in 2016.
A high-wattage gathering of Hollywood moguls feted New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo in Brentwood on Thursday night, raising nearly $600,000 for his reelection campaign and quietly discussing their hope that Cuomo will seek presidency, if Hillary Clinton decides not to run.
"Behind Hillary, he's the second pick," said one attendee at the evening gathering, held at the Spanish-style manse of Fox Film chairman and CEO Jim Gianopulos and his wife Ann.
Cuomo addressed the crowd -- which included Jeffrey Katzenberg, MPAA chief Chris Dodd and NBC Entertainment chairman Bob Greenblatt -- from a podium set up in Gianopulos' backyard. About 150 people -- who paid between $5,000 and $25,000 to attend the event -- stood under heaters as Cuomo boasted about his state's tax credit program for movie and TV production, saying he hopes to lure more filming to New York. He also surprised some members of the audience by "trash talking" Eliot Spitzer, saying his predecessor created a mess at the statehouse.
His straight talk delighted the crowd. "It was like we were listening to Mario," said one insider. "He was great," said Katzenberg, whose political consultant, Andy Spahn, helped organize the event.
Co-hosts include a selection of entertainment industry A-listers. Among them: Katzenberg, Steven Spielberg, Paramount's Brad Grey, Sony CEO, Michael Lynton, Disney chairman Alan Horn, CBS CEO Les Moonves, NBC Universal's Jeff Shell and Ron Meyer, Warner Bros. CEO Kevin Tsujihara and Dodd.
PHOTOS: Todd McCarthy's 10 Best Films of 2013
Although polls show that a majority of New York's likely voters favor Cuomo's reelection in November, the governor isn't taking anything for granted in his quest for a second term. He's amassed a reelection war chest of more than $33 million -- $7 million of which has been raised in the past six months.
During his last big Hollywood fundraiser in November of 2011, Cuomo raised $500,000 from an evening fundraiser at the home of White House decorator Michael Smith and then-HBO executive James Costos, now America's ambassador to Spain.
Never miss a story. Stay up-to-date with THR's Daily Headlines.
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text: We're sorry, Freya Dress is no longer available Why not try one of these instead? Rose Printed Wraparound Tea Dress by Gabrielle Parker Clothing and Accessories £46$99.68€68.07$75.67 Flapper Style Embellished Beaded Dress by Rise £56$121.35€82.87$92.13 Stratum Dress by LALESTYLE £70$151.69€103.59$115.16 1950s Vintage Style Lace Print Dress by Lady Vintage £60$130.02€88.79$98.71 Freya Dress by Kiki's £65$140.85€96.19$106.93 This item is no longer available £6.95$15.06€10.28$11.43 delivery to United States Receive this item 5-10 working days from dispatch International delivery available sizesize (required)UK8UK10UK12UK14UK16size (required)UK8UK10UK12UK14UK16size (required)UK8UK10UK12UK14UK16size (required)UK8UK10UK12UK14UK16 we're sorry we're sorry, This item is no longer available buy a gift voucher related categories fashion > women's fashion > dresses > dresses by Kiki's Location: Dorset, GB read seller's profile see seller's complete range more items from this seller Sterling Silver Guardian Angel Pin Brooch £18$39€26.63$29.61 Sterling Silver Thank You Pin Brooch £18$39€26.63$29.61 Metis Wooden Watch £115$249.20€170.18$189.19 Guardian Heart Pillow Pack £18$39€26.63$29.61 Wooden Odyssey Watch £135$292.54€199.78$222.10 Silver Linked Heart Bracelet £60$130.02€88.79$98.71 view all you may also like PRODUCT DETAILS DELIVERY RETURNS gift wrapping available ask seller a question save for later An Emily and Fin Freya dress. This Dirndl style dress by British designers Emily and Fin reminds us a little of something out of the 1950's 'Stepford Wives'! The Freya dress has a scoop neck and raglan sleeves. The skirt gathers at waistline with two front diagonal pockets. The dress has contrasting piping and pretty pigs ear bow belt with a popper fastening. So feminine and girlie - you will love the shape! It's a must! made from: The Freya dress comes in a pretty pale blue floral print in a luxurious rich 100% cotton. dimensions: The dress is fully lined and is approximately 91cm. Sizes available - UK8 - 16 product code: 225948 This product is dispatched to you by Kiki's. MAINLAND UK order now and receive this item on or before price Free Delivery Monday 12 October FREEFREEFREEFREE Express Next Day Wednesday 7 October £4.95$10.72€7.32$8.14 Saturday Delivery Saturday 10 October £12.95$28.06€19.16$21.30 Standard Courier Delivery Monday 12 October £3.95$8.55€5.84$6.49 NON-MAINLAND UK estimated delivery price Highlands & Islands of Scotland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.79€2.58$2.87 Northern Ireland 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £1.75$3.79€2.58$2.87 Other UK Islands 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £3.95$8.55€5.84$6.49 INTERNATIONAL DELIVERY estimated delivery price Western Europe 2-5 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$10.83€7.39$8.22 Rest of Europe 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £5.00$10.83€7.39$8.22 USA & Canada 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £6.95$15.06€10.28$11.43 Asia & Australasia 5-10 working daysfrom dispatch £7.25$15.71€10.72$11.92 Rest of the world 5-14 working daysfrom dispatch £7.25$15.71€10.72$11.92 You have 28 days, from receipt of cancellable goods, to notify the seller if you wish to cancel your order or exchange an item. Please note: goods that are personalised, bespoke or made-to-order to your specific requirements, perishable products and personal items sold with a hygiene seal (cosmetics, underwear) in instances where the seal is broken are non-refundable, unless faulty. Read more about our returns policy.Should you choose to return or exchange your order you will need to deliver the item(s) to the UK, where this seller is based. Kiki's's return policy


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RTM Videos
Right This Minute LLC
- February 2, 2015
( 1,478)
Watch, upload, and share the hottest videos of the web right from your Android phone or tablet. The free RightThisMinute app brings you a daily dose of the latest videos, before they go viral. RightThisMinute is a nationally syndicated television show and 24/7 website that finds the best videos and the stories behind them, bringing you fresh content by the hour.
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RTM It goes black when I press play. I can here the videos but cannot see them. Please fix an then I'll give 5 stars.
can't see actual videos I watched the show on tv and their was a video that was not shown on tv but you directed viewers to see what you are seeing on either the app our website. Neither the site nor the app show anything different then what was shown on tv. Waste of a download.
Same Problems I read 23 reviews, mostly negative, before I decided to install the app. In my experience, some devices work better than others. I have an HTC Desire 510. App loaded properly, but when I tried to do a search, that button didn't work. When I finally found the video I wanted, I just got the black screen. On 3rd attempt, I got the message- Can't initialize You Tube, broken. I opened You Tube, signed in, went back to the video I wanted to see, and although slow downloading, video played fine. Search broke.
Great job ! very talented looking forward to c more from mikey! It didn't work first time just sound b blank screen but after few tries it worked: )
Doesn't work... I really, I mean REALLY love RCM but it don't work. Please fix and I will rate 5 stars most likely. :-) :-)
It doesn't work I have tried to upload a video for 4 days now. There is no box to accept the terms and the app does not recognize anything I type. Sigh..please fix this!
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Dragons - A Minecraft Parody song of Radioactive By Imagine Dragons, Music Video
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The Music Studio of Maegan Wais, located in Newhall, CA, is committed to helping children love learning music and is always trying to make the process of learning as fun and enjoyable as possible!
With her background in classical and choral music, Maegan has developed a successful program by using several different piano methods. This gives the student a solid foundation in music, by teaching note reading, sight reading, technique, and music theory. Maegan always goes at the student's own pace and never tries to overwhelm the shyer student or slow down more eager one. She also provides opportunities for performance by holding recitals twice a year.
The Music Studio of Maegan Wais is currently accepting new students ages 7-18 and in level from baby beginner to advanced classical. Please visit the contact page for more information and to schedule a specially discounted trial lesson today!
Maegan also performs for weddings in the greater Los Angeles area. Please visit the Wedding page for more information!


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Education Coordinator - Surgical Programs
Children's Hospital Boston - Boston, MA
This job posting is no longer available on Boston Children's Hospital. Find similar jobs:Education Coordinator jobs - Children's Hospital Boston jobs
About this company
How do you measure success? At Boston Children's Hospital, it's measured in patients treated, parents comforted, and teams...


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Cold case: Who killed Sarah Capadano and Daniel Perez?
Apr. 21, 2013
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Cold case: Who killed Sarah Capadano and Daniel Perez?
Sarah Capadano and Daniel Perez, a young Rochester couple, just bought a house and were building a new life together in 2006. But that all changed as they returned to their Hamilton Street home
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