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Fresh Out of the Oven: Baking Tips
May 8, 2015 by Nick Herlihy ·
Following these tips can help Spartans create tasty treats.
Cookie Wednesday: A Newspaper Tradition
May 15, 2013 by Henna Danek ·
Who said the little things can't make a difference?
Smashburger Addition
April 20, 2013 by Ben Smiley ·
Sizzling New Lunch Choice for TJ Students
February 7, 2013 by Ben Smiley ·
Hostess Closure Shocks TJ Community.
Tofu is a Healthy (and Tasty!) Alternative for Everyone
May 23, 2012 by Aviva Getschel ·
Most Americans think tofu is a "new-age fad" but it has been eaten in Asian countries for over 5000 years.
Vichyssoise: a Classic French Soup
May 23, 2012 by Aviva Getschel ·
Vichyssoise is a timeless, chilled leek-and-potato soup from France that my family enjoys.
April 13, 2012 by Aviva Getschel ·
This twice-baked Italian biscuit is often found in chic coffeehouses, but it isn't a rookie's cookie.
March 21, 2012 by Aviva Getschel ·
Pizza. What is pizza, anymore? You can get pizza with lobster on it and you can get pizza with no sauce, soy cheese and gluten-free dough. Is that really pizza?
M&Ms World: A Chocolate Paradise
January 25, 2012 by Aviva Getschel ·
M&Ms have been an American candy staple since 1941.
A Hole Lot of Business
December 8, 2011 by Michael Harrison ·
Great doughnuts at a reasonable price come with a rich culture.


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Martha Karolyi
- Filed Under
For a few days every four to six weeks, elite gymnast Jordyn Wieber and other members of the U.S. women's national team travel to Huntsville, Texas, north of Houston, to train at the Karolyi Ranch.
Located in the middle of the Sam Houston Forest, the 2,000-acre ranch is owned and operated by Bela and Martha Karolyi. It has served as a training site for USA Gymnastics since 2001 -- the year Martha Karolyi was named women's national team coordinator.
The camps allow for gymnasts such as Wieber a chance to train and bond with teammates while being evaluated at the same time. But the training camps ...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
DantheWolfMan UnderGround >> Anyone out there who can help, PLE
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Edited: 25-Mar-06
Member Since: 01/01/2001
Posts: 403
OK I have a very serious problem that is constantly growing worse as time passes. I have a female friend, who has a hernia and it is growing larger every day! Here is an exerpt from one of her e-mails to me... "well I just got back from my apointmen with the surgion and he said that I definately need to have it taken care of ASAP but he's too scared of the complications that may arise from it considering that I had the 2 gastric bypass surgeries and the one for the incisional abcess plus the size of it is too large for him to handle..." This is not all, she has had a still born as well. and her gull blatter removed. Her insides for the most part are "HASHED" And here is the "Nut Cracker": She is only 22 yrs. old. I care for my female compannion very much and I fear the worst. Now obviously I am no doctor, but I dont need to be to see that she needs medical attention, and like yesterday!. Her hernia has grown to be the size of a small "VOLLY BALL" and is growing every day! She has no way of paying for the surgery, she is INCREDIBLY poor, has NO insurrance, and finding a doc to take her case is next to IMPOSSIBLE! NOT to mention, it brings her unimaginble(sp?) PAIN. Her personallity type is that of a "CARE GIVER", A super human being! She is not warrior, she is not built for PAIN of this magnituded! I want to cry when I see her buckle over from this damn thing and when I leave from seeing her,I scream obsenitties at the heavens cause I am so pissed. I feel incredibly helpless and dont know what to do for her. This is the first person that I have cared for, that as a WARRIOR I can not protect! She has saved my life in the past, and I fear I may not be able to return the favor if need be! We have searched everywhere on the net, for free surgeries or medical help, and we cant find anything. She is getting sicker.... Is there any ideas from anyone out there! Please help Your forum fighting family member in desparite need... ~Cagefighter Aka: Roger Stiner personal e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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The St. Regis New York Completes Renovation
Tuesday December 3rd, 2013 - 3:19PM
These are shortcuts to your favorite social networking and bookmark sites. Add this story to your Facebook page, del.icio.us, DiggIt, and many others!
NEW YORK—The St. Regis New York has introduced its extensive renovation this month with redesigned guestrooms, suites and public spaces and the debut of the new King Cole Bar & Salon under renowned New York chef and restaurateur, John DeLucie.
"Since it opened in 1904, The St. Regis New York has entertained every generation of society with the unique ability to capture the ever-changing spirit of the city and stay synonymous with impeccable style and inherent glamour," stated Paul James, Global Brand Leader, St. Regis, The Luxury Collection and W Hotels Worldwide. "This renovation marks a momentous occasion for the St. Regis brand, a New York icon, now celebrated at 31 hotels around the world, each setting the stage for the next generation of luxury travelers."
The multi-million dollar, comprehensive renovation at The St. Regis New York culminated this November 2013, with redesigned guestrooms, suites, hallways and public spaces. HDC, the interior design firm that transformed The St. Regis Florence, embraced the design aesthetic of the hotel while infusing contemporary style.
In the lobby of The St. Regis New York, the renovation reincorporates lost architectural elements, including opening up oval windows above the front desk which were part of the original design of the hotel, while simultaneously infusing fresh touches through updated furnishings and amenities.
The guestroom floors feature black-lacquer painted doors, textured fabric walls and five distinct color palettes in the entryway on each floor. Guestrooms will be updated to include marble tiled entryways, rich color schemes with bold accent colors, fabrics and luxe leather details, custom furnishings and new technology.
Tags: St. Regis • Hospitality • Amenities • Brands • Architecure & Interiors • Construction/Renovation • Openings •
When Strategic Hotels & Resorts announced in August that it was exploring "strategic alternatives," so to speak, including an outright sale, it left many wondering who had the financial wherewithal to scoop up the luxury hotel company. Many speculated it might be a large private equity company or, perhaps, foreign investors but, in the end, it was, who else, but Blackstone Group LLC that agreed to acquire the Chicago-based REIT.
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11/1/2015APTR Council of Graduate Programs in Public Health Meeting
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3/13/2016 » 3/15/2016Teaching Prevention 2016: APTR Annual Meeting
The Association of American Medical Colleges debuted a new Curriculum Inventory & Reports (CIR) Web site. The CIR site contains graphical interpretations of both aggregate and historical curriculum-related data, including more than 40 new and updated curriculum reports based on data from the 2012 LCME Annual Questionnaire Part II.
The reports reflect data from all U.S. medical schools and include interactive charts with trends up to 10 years. There are five categories of curriculum reports that you may find useful: Content and Competencies; Curriculum Design and Policies; Instruction and Assessment; Programs and Institutions; and Resources and Technology.
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huffington post
LGBT people of color aren't too happy with Caitlyn Jenner's 'Vanity Fair' cover
Caitlyn Jenner has everyone talking. But some people are pointing out that not every trans person is rich, white, and Republican.
How the Verizon-AOL deal is changing your news in the worst way
That sound your hearing isn't just '90s dialup. It's censorship.
Yo, the death of the app, and the future of smartphones
While you were busy writing it off, Yo changed everything you thought about smartphones.
The Huffington Post to 'join the party' with satirical news show
'Humor can't say everything, but it can say some things better.'
The Huffington Post's 'good news' experiment is bad news for Facebook
What's the matter with happiness?
The trouble with Reddit dropping the banhammer on news sites
Reddit's heartwarming-news hub, r/UpliftingNews, announced a ban on the Huffington Post.


text: We picked this restaurant from the Bali Lonely Planet as it was my friend's birthday whilst we were on Gili T and this was the perfect place to celebrate with a special meal. Service was great, but not remotely pushy and the food was lovely. Certainly not the cheapest place for food on the island but we knew that when we went and were not disappointed! Try and get a table on the beach side if you can!


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Applescrapple to die for
Foursquare © 2015 Lovingly made in NYC & SF
Alexandria Pastry Shop
Bakery · $$
3690H King St
"Best place to buy beautiful specialty cakes, cupcakes and cookies for important occasions. I've been getting my cakes here for 8 years and won't go anywhere else. They also provide gluten free cakes."
Buzz Bakery
Bakery · $
901 Slaters Ln (Portner Rd)
"Great service and great baked goods more or less make up for lousy coffee. Great ambiance helps as well."
Panera Bread
3201 Duke St
"You have to try the red velvet crinkle cookie! So so good"
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Prerogatives 8-1/2" Sterling Lobster Clasp BeadBraceletJ108702 • $52.00
Carolyn Pollack
Carolyn Pollack Sterling Silver Signature Omega Back Hoop EarringsJ325580 • $49.00
My Saint My Hero
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The scoop on everything Q, from helpful tips to interesting tidbits, questions, answers, and more.
QVC is not responsible for the availability, content, security, policies, or practices of the above referenced third-party linked sites, nor liable for statements, claims, opinions, or representations contained therein. QVC's Privacy Statement does not apply to these third-party web sites.
© 1995–2015 QVC, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademark Notice


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Industry Experts Predict the Top 5 Digital Marketing Trends for 2013
- Written on
- November 23rd 2012
- Author
- Adotas
With the new year right around the corner, digital marketers are looking forward to another year of continued growth in the digital marketing industry. So what can we expect in the new year? Tag management will continue to play a pivotal role with these trends, leading the way in more effectively and ... more...
"Mobile Device Hijacking"–A New Ad Fraud Tactic: Forensiq Reports
FORENSIQ PROJECTS IN-APP AD FRAUD WILL SURPASS $1 BILLION IN 2015 Forensiq, an ad fraud detection and prevention company, today, announced ... more...
Latest News
- Sizmek's Picks: Ads of the Week Sept. 28-Oct.2 October 5th 2015 Our ads this week get your imagination flowing with ideas ...more »
- engage:BDR Announces Mobile Certified Partnership with Neustar October 5th 2015 engage:BDR, a crossdevice advertising solution company, has announced a mobile ...more »
- Ad-Blocking Around the World: What All Marketers Must Know October 5th 2015 According to Global Web Index's latest infographic that shows the ...more »
- IAB: "Ad-Blocking Is Highway Robbery" October 2nd 2015 Adweek reports: "Scott Cunningham, SVP at the Interactive Advertising Bureau ...more »
- Altimeter Releases Study–From Web Traffic to Foot Traffic: How Brands and Retailers Can Leverage Digital Content to Power In-Store Sales October 2nd 2015 A Q&A with analyst Rebecca Lieb and Jeff Fagel, CMO ...more »
- Want To Rank Higher In Mobile Phone Searches On Google? October 1st 2015 Searchmetrics Releases its First Study of Google.com Mobile Ranking Factors. New ...more »
- Second Annual UNIFY 2015 Conference on Content Marketing; Speakers Announced October 1st 2015 Leaders From Top Brands to Present at October 7 Event ...more »
- Ad-Blocking Around the World: What All Marketers Must Know October 5th 2015
- Altimeter Releases Study–From Web Traffic to Foot Traffic: How Brands and Retailers Can Leverage Digital Content to Power In-Store Sales October 2nd 2015
- The Second Wave of Automation: What's Up With Programmatic Ad Buys Now? October 1st 2015
- How Artificial Intelligence Changed Digital Marketing Forever September 30th 2015
- Targeted TV in a Digital World September 29th 2015
What will be the most important vertical in online advertising in 2015?
- Mobile (53%, 284 Votes)
- Programmatic (26%, 137 Votes)
- Video (21%, 112 Votes)
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Family Ties of Members of Congress
|California , 20th Farr, Rep. Sam
|Rep. Samuel Sharon Farr (self)
|Pennsylvania , 2nd Fattah, Rep. Chaka
|Rep. Chaka Fattah (self)
|California Feinstein, Sen. Dianne
|Sen. Dianne Feinstein (self)
|Virginia , 4th Forbes, Rep. Randy
|Rep. James Randy Forbes (self)
|Jordan R. Forbes (daughter)
|Nebraska , 1st Fortenberry, Rep. Jeff
|Rep. Jeffrey Lane Fortenberry (self)
|North Carolina , 5th Foxx, Rep. Virginia
|Rep. Virginia Ann Foxx (self)
|Ohio , 11th Fudge, Rep. Marcia
|Rep. Marcia Louise Fudge (self)
7 results
Donation Given
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Loan Interest
Miscellaneous Association
Official Payroll


text:
The benefits of a career at Merchants Bank go way beyond a paycheck. From health care to training to an employee association, at Merchants we want to help you meet your life goals.
Please refer to the Our Benefits PDF for eligibility and enrollment information.
- Paid Time Off
- Banking Benefits
- Retirement Benefits
- Health Care
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- Employee Assistance Program
- Employee Referral Program
- Training
- Tuition Reimbursement
This description of benefits is a summary only and is subject to change. Employees of the Bank will have access to summary plan descriptions and additional information concerning all benefits.
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FDIC Money Smart Classes
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If you need an OK hotel that is right near the main attractions, this hotel is for you. There is nothing actually wrong with it and it does have a certain faded charm, but the front facing rooms which have the views of the Tower are very noisey at night and the air conditioning is a bit hit and miss. The breakfast is basic, but I think that is very much an Italian thing. Overall, it was adequate for our needs and the staff were very attentive and efficient, but I would not make a point of recommending it to our friends.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Contemporary 4-story Hotel situated in tourist center of town, near Leaning Tower. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Travelocity, Hotels.com, Venere, Priceline, Expedia, TripOnline SA, Odigeo, Agoda, HotelTravel.com and Low Cost Holidays so you can book your Grand Hotel Duomo reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Grand Hotel Pisa


text:
Bradley F. Munn, PGA
Main Address:
1245 E Washington Ave
Ste 211
Madison, WI 53703-3085
Ste 211
Madison, WI 53703-3085
Bradley Munn is a PGA Professional in Madison, WI. The PGA of America comprises 27,000 men and women professionals with one singular goal in mind - to make the game of golf more enjoyable for you.
Services Offered:
- Instruction
National Awards
- 2009 PGA President's Council on Growing the Game
Home » Golf Courses » Wisconsin » Cottage Grove » Bradley F. Munn, PGA
PGA of America Championships
Harbor Shores
Benton Harbor, Mich.
Baltusrol Golf Club
Springfield, N.J.
Hazeltine National Golf Club
Chaska, Minn.


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i'd like to have someone help me do my gf like this... she's dreaming about that for a long time... we done it with dildo as second, but nothing can replace big fat cock
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All Comments (35)
i'd like to have someone help me do my gf like this... she's dreaming about that for a long time... we done it with dildo as second, but nothing can replace big fat cock
It does feel great having someone else's hot spunk on u right after u cum. Cumming together in the same hole is way hotter though! Only gotten to do it twice, but double vag is great. Added friction and tightness, plus its naughty. I came sooooo hard in this guy's wife and he followed suit as soon as he felt my hot spunk. Then he made sure to clean everyone up with his tongue. Very hot session!
Just disgusting, i would cut my cock off after this...
awesome. i'd love to feel his cum running down onto my cock, balls and ass
Big cocks big cumshots in her ass and cunt! Perfect! I bet that cum oozing out onto the guy underneaths cock feels great! I bet they wouldnt mind at all if someone--me for instance---ate it all off her and them too! I'll suck eveyone clean!
love to lick it up
look at all that cum running down on the other dick
someone fuck me like this ):
I wish i could fuck you Becca like this and i would love to cum inside you if you let me so were you from
Would love to try this. Anyone near Tennessee?
my pussy is so wet.... i want that cocks.... someone there?
that looks great cum flowing pussy et me go next and really fill her up
wait a minute... i was going to lap up that hot'n'creamy goodness. bring it back, now.
That is a shit ton of cum!
Cherry Jul - All Internal #9
Not fully sure about getting another guy's load all over my knob, but quite sexy nonetheless......
Que rico tomarse esa leche ...
nice io like ti eat you
its Cherry Jul
would gladly take another guys load all over my dick like that.
What a party can anyone cum! If she is the host I'll be there.
Grrrreeeeaaaaatttt !!
Direct to the point, more clips like this.
big load!
Me encanto, que pena que dure tan poco.
Notihing like a double load of cum up the ass and cunt! Makes my mouth water and cock hard!
wonderful to be filled up like this.
whats the name of this girl/scene?


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Jon B. (born Jonathan David Buck November 11, 1974) is an American singer and songwriter. He went to release Bonafide, Cool Relax, Pleasures U Like, Stronger Everyday, Holiday Wishes: From Me to You, Helpless Romantic, and Comfortable Swagg.
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UNIONDALE, N.Y., July 10 /PRNewswire/ -- Mark & Associates, P.C. and McGinnis, Lochridge, Kilgore, L.L.P., have filed a civil lawsuit today against Botox-maker Allergan, Inc. (NYSE: AGN) for negligent failures in the design, manufacturing and marketing of the popular anti-wrinkle drug that has caused patient deaths and injuries. The suit, filed in the Superior Court of California, Orange County, (Case No. 00180033) on behalf of 15 plaintiffs from across the nation, seeks unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. Allergan is based in Irvine, California. A copy of the complaint is available at http://www.BotoxLegalRights.com.
In addition to alleging design and manufacturing flaws, the suit claims that Allergan continues to promote "off label" uses of Botox for treating patients with cerebral palsy and other uses that have not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Allergan also fails to properly warn Botox users of the possibility of fatal and life-threatening injuries from Botox injections and fails to inform physicians and health care providers about all known risks of the drug, including death.
Ray Chester, lead counsel in the Botox litigation from McGinnis, Lochridge, Kilgore, L.L.P., and Jason Mark from Mark & Associates, P.C., continue to evaluate cases involving Botox deaths and injuries on behalf of patients who used the drug for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes. Free case consultations are available by calling 1-866-50-RIGHTS (1-866-507-4448) or by completing an inquiry on http://www.BotoxLegalRights.com.
Select Plaintiff Profiles
-- A seven-year-old girl from Amarillo,
|SOURCE Mark & Associates, P.C.
Copyright©2008 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
Steven Gliebe
I make things for the web
The year was '97. I made a GeoCities website for fun. I've been blessed since then to make a living from web design and development. Today my main focus is on helping churches build great websites with WordPress.
Latest Project: Pro Plugin Directory


text:
|By Robert Demmer
Article Rating:
|June 17, 2009 05:45 PM EDT
Social Media Journal on Ulitzer
I have been waiting for a worthy topic to make my first Ulitzer post and the events taking place in Iran are sweeping the Internet and world by storm. Below is an email providing a first hand account of the events that took place in Tehran on June 15th, 2009. My sincere hopes and wishes are with the people of Iran in this tumultuous time.
If you find this report of any value, please share it with as many people as possible. Facebook is filtered and internet is very slow in Iran!
Observations On The Course Of Events of 15th June 2009 in Tehran
I left my home in Tajrish along with my family at 3 p.m. We went down Valiast Street which is the main northern-southern avenue in Tehran and entered the Evin Exp'way which leads to Enghelab Street.
We knew that people are supposed to gather in Enghelab Sq. (Revolution Sq.) at 4 and march toward Azadi Sq. (Freedom Sq.). From Gisha Bridge onwards, we saw people walking down. Cars were blowing their horns and people were showing victory sign. We went to Navvab Street and parked our car at the end of the street. Then we took a taxi to bring us back to the Enghelab Street. On our way, near Jomhouri Sq. (Republic Sq.), I saw a group of about 20 militia with long beards and batons on motorbikes.
My hand was out of the car window with a little green ribbon (the sign of reformists) around my finger. One of the militia told me to throw that ribbon away. I showed him a finger. All of a sudden, about 15 people attacked me inside the car. They beat me with their batons and wanted to pull me out. My wife and my daughter who were sitting in the back seat cried and hold me tight. I also hold myself tight on the chair. They wanted to shatter the car windows. The driver went out and explained that he is a taxi and we are his passengers and he has no fault. After about 5 minutes,they left. My elbow hurts severely. Then, a young man from their group came and kissed my elbow! I told him: You know, I don't hate you. I am like you with the only difference that I know more and you are ignorant. He apologized and left. We joined the crowd in Enghelab Street.
Read carefully: What I saw today was the most elegant scene I had ever witnessed in my life. The huge number of people were marching hand in hand in full peace. Silence. Silence was everywhere. There was no slogan. No violence. Hands were up in victory sign with green ribbons. People carried placards which read: Silence. Old and young, man and woman of all social groups were marching cheerfully.
This was a magnificent show of solidarity. Enghelab Street which is the widest avenue in Tehran was full of people. I was told that the march has begun in Ferdowsi Sq. and the end of the march was now in Imam Hossein Sq. to the further east of Tehran while on the other end people had already gathered in Azadi Sq. The length of this street is about 6 kilometers. The estimate is about 2 million people. On the way, we passed a police department and a militia (Baseej) base. In both places, the doors were closed and we could see fully-armed riot police and militia watching the people from behind the fences. Near Sharif University of Technology where the students had chased away Ahmadinejad a few days ago, Mirhossein Mousavi (the reformist elect president) and Karrubi (the other reformist candidate spoke to people for a few minutes which was received by cries of praise and applause. I felt proud to find myself among such a huge number of passionate people who were showing the most reasonable act of protest.
Frankly, I didn't expect such a political maturity from emotional Iranians who easily get excited. My family and I had put stickers on our mouths to represent the suppression. Placards that people carried were different; from poems by the national poet Ahmad Shamlu to light-hearted slogans against Ahmadinejad. Examples include: " To slaughter us/ why did you need to invite us / to such an elegant party" (Poem by Shamlu). " Hello! Hello! 999? / Our votes were stolen" or " The Miracle of the Third Millenium: 2 x 2 = 24 millions" (alluding to the claim by Government that Ahmadinejad obtained 24 million votes) , "Where is my vote?" , " Give me back my vote" and many other. We arrived in Azadi Square where the entire square was full of population. It is said that around 500,000 people can be accommodated in this huge square and it was full. Suddenly we saw smoke from Jenah Freeway and heard the gunshot. People were scared at first but then went forward. I just heard the gunshots but my sister who had been on the scene at that part told me later that she saw 4 militia came out from a house and shot a girl. Then they shot a young boy in his eye and the bullet came out of his ear. She said that 4 people were shot. At least one person dead has been confirmed. People arrested one of the Baseeji militia but the three others ran away when they ran out of bullet.
At around 8 we went back on foot. On the way back people were still in the street and were chanting Allah Akbar (God is Great). I was coming home at around 2 a.m. In parkway, I saw about ten buses full of armed riot police parked on the side of the street. Then I saw scattered militia in civil clothes with clubs in hand patroling the empty streets. In Tajrish Square, I saw a very young boy (around 16) with a club who was looking at the cars to see if he can find something to attack. I don't know how and under what teachings can young boys change into militia. I came home. Tomorrow, people will gather again in Valiasr Square for another peaceful march toward the IRIB building which controls all the media and which spreads filthy lies. The day before Yesterday, Ahmadinejad had hold his victory ceremony. Government buses had transported all his supporters from nearby cities. There was full coverage of that ceremony where fruit juice and cake was plenty. A maximum of 100,000 had gathered to hear his speech. These included all the militia and the soldiers and all supporters he could gather by the use of free TV publicity.
Today, at least 2 million came only relying on word of mouth while reformists have no newspaper, no radio, no TV. All their internet sites are filtered as well as social networks such as facebook. Text messaging and mobile communication was also cut off during the demonstration. Since yesterday, the Iranian TV was announcing that there is no license for any gathering and riot police will severely punish anybody who may demonstrates. Ahmadinejad called the opposition as a bunch of insignificant dirt who try to make the taste of victory bitter to the nation. He also called the western leaders as a bunch of "filthy homosexuals". All these disgusting remarks was today answered by that largest demonstration ever. Older people compared the demonstration of today with the Ashura Demonstration of 1979 which marks the downfall of the Shah regime and even said that it outnumbered that event. The militia burnt a house themselves to find the excuse to commit violence.
People neutralized their tactic to a large degree by their solidarity, their wisdom and their denial to enage in any violent act. I feel sad for the loss of those young girls and boys. It is said that they also killed 3 students last night in their attack at Tehran University residence halls. I heard that a number of professors of Sharif University and AmirKabir University (Tehran Polytechnic) have resigned. Democracy is a long way ahead. I may not be alive to see that day. With eyes full of tear in these early hours of Tuesday 16th June 2009, I glorify the courage and bravery of those martyrs and I hope that their blood will make every one of us more committed to freedom, to democracy and to human rights. Viva Freedom, Viva Democracy, Viva Iran
p.s.: If you find this report of any value, please share it with as many people as possible. Facebook is filtered and internet is very slow in Iran. Please somebody put this on facebook.
When it comes to IoT in the enterprise, namely the commercial building and hospitality markets, a benefit not getting the attention it deserves is energy efficiency, and IoT's direct impact on a cleaner, greener environment when installed in smart buildings. Until now clean technology was offered piecemeal and led with point solutions that require significant systems integration to orchestrate and deploy. There didn't exist a 'top down' approach that can manage and monitor the way a Smart Building actually breathes - immediately flagging overheating in a closet or over cooling in unoccupied ho...
Oct. 5, 2015 07:45 PM EDT Reads: 157
In his session at @ThingsExpo, Tony Shan, Chief Architect at CTS, will explore the synergy of Big Data and IoT. First he will take a closer look at the Internet of Things and Big Data individually, in terms of what, which, why, where, when, who, how and how much. Then he will explore the relationship between IoT and Big Data. Specifically, he will drill down to how the 4Vs aspects intersect with IoT: Volume, Variety, Velocity and Value. In turn, Tony will analyze how the key components of IoT influence Big Data: Device, Connectivity, Context, and Intelligence. He will dive deep to the matrix...
Oct. 5, 2015 07:00 PM EDT Reads: 192
The enterprise is being consumerized, and the consumer is being enterprised. Moore's Law does not matter anymore, the future belongs to business virtualization powered by invisible service architecture, powered by hyperscale and hyperconvergence, and facilitated by vertical streaming and horizontal scaling and consolidation. Both buyers and sellers want instant results, and from paperwork to paperless to mindless is the ultimate goal for any seamless transaction. The sweetest sweet spot in innovation is automation. The most painful pain point for any business is the mismatch between supplies a...
Oct. 5, 2015 03:30 PM EDT Reads: 106
Mobile messaging has been a popular communication channel for more than 20 years. Finnish engineer Matti Makkonen invented the idea for SMS (Short Message Service) in 1984, making his vision a reality on December 3, 1992 by sending the first message ("Happy Christmas") from a PC to a cell phone. Since then, the technology has evolved immensely, from both a technology standpoint, and in our everyday uses for it. Originally used for person-to-person (P2P) communication, i.e., Sally sends a text message to Betty – mobile messaging now offers tremendous value to businesses for customer and empl...
Oct. 5, 2015 01:15 PM EDT Reads: 157
SYS-CON Events announced today that ProfitBricks, the provider of painless cloud infrastructure, will exhibit at SYS-CON's 17th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. ProfitBricks is the IaaS provider that offers a painless cloud experience for all IT users, with no learning curve. ProfitBricks boasts flexible cloud servers and networking, an integrated Data Center Designer tool for visual control over the cloud and the best price/performance value available. ProfitBricks was named one of the coolest Clo...
Oct. 5, 2015 01:00 PM EDT Reads: 718
"The Internet of Things transforms the way organizations leverage machine data and gain insights from it," noted Splunk's CTO Snehal Antani, as Splunk announced accelerated momentum in Industrial Data and the IoT. The trend is driven by Splunk's continued investment in its products and partner ecosystem as well as the creativity of customers and the flexibility to deploy Splunk IoT solutions as software, cloud services or in a hybrid environment. Customers are using Splunk® solutions to collect and correlate data from control systems, sensors, mobile devices and IT systems for a variety of Ind...
Oct. 5, 2015 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 569
Organizations already struggle with the simple collection of data resulting from the proliferation of IoT, lacking the right infrastructure to manage it. They can't only rely on the cloud to collect and utilize this data because many applications still require dedicated infrastructure for security, redundancy, performance, etc. In his session at 17th Cloud Expo, Emil Sayegh, CEO of Codero Hosting, will discuss how in order to resolve the inherent issues, companies need to combine dedicated and cloud solutions through hybrid hosting – a sustainable solution for the data required to manage I...
Oct. 5, 2015 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 414
You have your devices and your data, but what about the rest of your Internet of Things story? Two popular classes of technologies that nicely handle the Big Data analytics for Internet of Things are Apache Hadoop and NoSQL. Hadoop is designed for parallelizing analytical work across many servers and is ideal for the massive data volumes you create with IoT devices. NoSQL databases such as Apache HBase are ideal for storing and retrieving IoT data as "time series data."
Oct. 5, 2015 11:45 AM EDT Reads: 442
Clearly the way forward is to move to cloud be it bare metal, VMs or containers. One aspect of the current public clouds that is slowing this cloud migration is cloud lock-in. Every cloud vendor is trying to make it very difficult to move out once a customer has chosen their cloud. In his session at 17th Cloud Expo, Naveen Nimmu, CEO of Clouber, Inc., will advocate that making the inter-cloud migration as simple as changing airlines would help the entire industry to quickly adopt the cloud without worrying about any lock-in fears. In fact by having standard APIs for IaaS would help PaaS expl...
Oct. 5, 2015 11:30 AM EDT Reads: 428
As more and more data is generated from a variety of connected devices, the need to get insights from this data and predict future behavior and trends is increasingly essential for businesses. Real-time stream processing is needed in a variety of different industries such as Manufacturing, Oil and Gas, Automobile, Finance, Online Retail, Smart Grids, and Healthcare. Azure Stream Analytics is a fully managed distributed stream computation service that provides low latency, scalable processing of streaming data in the cloud with an enterprise grade SLA. It features built-in integration with Azur...
Oct. 5, 2015 10:00 AM EDT Reads: 723
Apps and devices shouldn't stop working when there's limited or no network connectivity. Learn how to bring data stored in a cloud database to the edge of the network (and back again) whenever an Internet connection is available. In his session at 17th Cloud Expo, Bradley Holt, Developer Advocate at IBM Cloud Data Services, will demonstrate techniques for replicating cloud databases with devices in order to build offline-first mobile or Internet of Things (IoT) apps that can provide a better, faster user experience, both offline and online. The focus of this talk will be on IBM Cloudant, Apa...
Oct. 5, 2015 09:45 AM EDT Reads: 431
SYS-CON Events announced today that HPM Networks will exhibit at the 17th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. For 20 years, HPM Networks has been integrating technology solutions that solve complex business challenges. HPM Networks has designed solutions for both SMB and enterprise customers throughout the San Francisco Bay Area.
Oct. 5, 2015 09:00 AM EDT Reads: 562
As enterprises capture more and more data of all types – structured, semi-structured, and unstructured – data discovery requirements for business intelligence (BI), Big Data, and predictive analytics initiatives grow more complex. A company's ability to become data-driven and compete on analytics depends on the speed with which it can provision their analytics applications with all relevant information. The task of finding data has traditionally resided with IT, but now organizations increasingly turn towards data source discovery tools to find the right data, in context, for business users, d...
Oct. 5, 2015 08:00 AM EDT Reads: 375
SYS-CON Events announced today that MobiDev, a software development company, will exhibit at the 17th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place November 3-5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. MobiDev is a software development company with representative offices in Atlanta (US), Sheffield (UK) and Würzburg (Germany); and development centers in Ukraine. Since 2009 it has grown from a small group of passionate engineers and business managers to a full-scale mobile software company with over 150 developers, designers, quality assurance engineers, project manage...
Oct. 5, 2015 05:00 AM EDT Reads: 721
The broad selection of hardware, the rapid evolution of operating systems and the time-to-market for mobile apps has been so rapid that new challenges for developers and engineers arise every day. Security, testing, hosting, and other metrics have to be considered through the process. In his session at Big Data Expo, Walter Maguire, Chief Field Technologist, HP Big Data Group, at Hewlett-Packard, will discuss the challenges faced by developers and a composite Big Data applications builder, focusing on how to help solve the problems that developers are continuously battling.
Oct. 5, 2015 04:00 AM EDT Reads: 353
SYS-CON Events announced today that IBM Cloud Data Services has been named "Bronze Sponsor" of SYS-CON's 17th Cloud Expo, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. IBM Cloud Data Services offers a portfolio of integrated, best-of-breed cloud data services for developers focused on mobile computing and analytics use cases.
Oct. 4, 2015 01:00 PM EDT Reads: 558
Learn how IoT, cloud, social networks and last but not least, humans, can be integrated into a seamless integration of cooperative organisms both cybernetic and biological. This has been enabled by recent advances in IoT device capabilities, messaging frameworks, presence and collaboration services, where devices can share information and make independent and human assisted decisions based upon social status from other entities. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Michael Heydt, founder of Seamless Thingies, will discuss and demonstrate how devices and humans can be integrated from a simple clust...
Oct. 4, 2015 12:00 PM EDT Reads: 620
SYS-CON Events announced today that Cloud Raxak has been named "Media & Session Sponsor" of SYS-CON's 17th Cloud Expo, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. Raxak Protect automates security compliance across private and public clouds. Using the SaaS tool or managed service, developers can deploy cloud apps quickly, cost-effectively, and without error.
Oct. 3, 2015 01:15 PM EDT Reads: 580
Who are you? How do you introduce yourself? Do you use a name, or do you greet a friend by the last four digits of his social security number? Assuming you don't, why are we content to associate our identity with 10 random digits assigned by our phone company? Identity is an issue that affects everyone, but as individuals we don't spend a lot of time thinking about it. In his session at @ThingsExpo, Ben Klang, Founder & President of Mojo Lingo, will discuss the impact of technology on identity. Should we federate, or not? How should identity be secured? Who owns the identity? How is identity ...
Oct. 3, 2015 11:00 AM EDT Reads: 413
SYS-CON Events announced today that Solgeniakhela will exhibit at SYS-CON's 17th International Cloud Expo®, which will take place on November 3–5, 2015, at the Santa Clara Convention Center in Santa Clara, CA. Solgeniakhela is the global market leader in Cloud Collaboration and Cloud Infrastructure software solutions. Designed to "Bridge the Gap" between Personal and Professional Social, Mobile and Cloud user experiences, our solutions help large and medium-sized organizations dramatically improve productivity, reduce collaboration costs, and increase the overall enterprise value by bringing ...
Oct. 2, 2015 10:00 PM EDT Reads: 548


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Okaukuejo Rest Camp
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Travel Blogs from Etosha National Park
Eerste dag Etosha National park
Gisteravond prima ons eerste nachtje doorgebracht in de camper. 's Morgens rustig aan opgestaan, ontbeten tussen de vogeltjes en lekker een warme(!) douche met uitzicht op het park waar we hebben overnacht. Een beetje frisjes door het windje en een opkomend zonnetje, maar het water was bloedheet! Leo deed het af met een kattenwasje .....maar ik heb …
Parker's/Gibbs's Etosha Okaukuejo
Visited Etosha via the nnew Dalton Gate, saw giraffe, oryx, zebra, jackal. Had lunch at the Okewajo Rest Camp.
Etosha National Park
... it was funny to see how they interact with each other. One zebra got in water and
couldn't get out, so he freaked out a bit and eventually threw himself over the bank and back onto safe, solid ground. There were a few tiny, very cute, baby zebras with their moms.
We drove on an found a spot near the road with a tree and high grass. There were 3 lions sleeping in grass, but they were a way back from the road so we couldn't get great photos without a ...
Day 10: Etosha National Park
... of the bushes, how very special. Getting comfortable in our sleeping bags thinking the rhino may be it, a brown hyena came in, then another rhino, then two spotted hyenas. It was amazing to see the hyenas and rhino interact, the hyenas were very much scared of the rhino, yet were very cheeky trying to get a drink at any moment possible. The rhino knew it was much bigger but remained very placid. By the time the four of them were fed and watered it was midnight and I thought I ...
Our first glimpse of what Etosha offers started early on our ride north with several sitings of giraffe and zebra from the bus - close to the park fence. Once we entered the park, the first waterhole had zebras, ostriches, giraffes and of course the ubiquitous springbok. But when we stopped for lunch at Okaukuejo and visited ...


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March 1, 2011
Studying Cats—and Those Who Care for Them
Review the illuminating results of recent studies that look at practices regarding identification and feral identification procedures for cats.
March 1, 2011
Off Leash: You Deserve a Break Today
Lunch breaks aren't just for humans at one Wisconsin shelter where staff members pair up with dogs to give the pups extra attention, treats, and time outside the kennel.
March 1, 2011
Back to Basics: Shelter Cat Enrichment
For felines who are stressed by life in the shelter, one cat behavior specialist advocates "behavioral CPR," using interactive play sessions to bring back cats who sit frozen in their cage or litter box, unresponsive to visitors.
January 1, 2011
Shelter Medicine: The Kindest Cut of All
Veterinary columnist Brenda Griffin addresses common questions and concerns about pediatric spay/neuter, as well as the immeasurable value it has in curtailing pet overpopulation.
January 1, 2011
Can You Hear Me Now?
Are howls and woofs the inevitable soundtrack at a shelter? Not necessarily. You can turn down the volume through a variety of methods, from innovative design or retrofitting to clicker training and enrichment programs.
January 1, 2011
Q & A: Gold Standards—and Bare Minimums
Nearly a decade in the making, the animal care guidelines developed for the sheltering field by the Association of Shelter Veterinarians will be released this spring.
November 1, 2010
Behavior Department: Turning Fearful Cats Friendly
Learn about a behavior training method that recognizes fearful cats not as a lost cause in the shelter environment, but as a puzzle to be solved.
September 1, 2010
Shelter Medicine: Canine Distemper Virus: Anatomy of an Outbreak
Canine distemper virus can easily enter a shelter, is tricky to diagnose, and may wreak havoc on a shelter's dog population. A veterinarian and a shelter official discuss the policies and procedures that helped a shelter in West Kennebunk, Maine, cope with an outbreak.
September 1, 2010
The Purebred Paradox
The quest to create the "perfect" dog may be contributing to a genetic health crisis among purebreds. A lack of genetic testing, mating of closely related animals, and breed standards that encourage extreme features over health have been blamed for a host of health problems facing scores of breeds today.
September 1, 2010
Toy Story
A recent study suggests that shelters can increase the chances of their cats getting adopted by putting toys in the cats' cages and housing them at eye level.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|25 Sep 2003
|Filing date
|15 Nov 2001
|Priority date
|15 Nov 2000
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Bernardus Hendrikus Hendriks, Jorrit De Vries
|Original Assignee
|Hendriks Bernardus Hendrikus Wilhelmus, De Vries Jorrit Ernst
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (5), Referenced by (1), Classifications (13), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
[0001] The invention relates to an optical head for scanning the information layer of an optical record carrier. The invention also relates to a lens system for use in such an optical head.
[0002] The lens system in an optical head is used to converge a radiation beam from a radiation source to a spot on the information layer of the optical record carrier. A lens in the lens system used as objective lens has generally optical properties that change as a function of temperature, which may cause a deterioration of the quality of the spot. The sensitivity of the lens system to temperature changes can be reduced, i.e. the lens system can be a-thermalised, by arranging a non-periodic phase structure (NPS) in the optical path of the radiation beam as disclosed in the international patent application WO 01/48745 (PHN 17870). Such an NPS introduces a wavefront aberration in the radiation beam as a function of temperature that compensates the wavefront aberration introduced by the lens. However, the NPS makes the lens system more sensitive to wavelength variations in that a change in wavelength introduces spherical aberration in the radiation beam (spherochromatism). Semiconductor lasers may have a significantly different wavelength from batch to batch. For 650 nm lasers commonly used in optical heads this spread may be of the order of 10 nm. Therefore, using an NPS to a-thermalise the lens system may lead to problems of spherochromatism.
[0003] Another method to a-thermalise a lens system is to make use of the fact that the wavelength of the semiconductor laser generally changes when temperature changes. A periodic, diffractive structure for converging a radiation beam, such as a grating, is spherochromatic and introduces spherical aberration in the radiation beam passing through the grating when the wavelength of the beam changes. When such a grating is arranged on one of the lens surfaces of a lens in the lens system, it can compensate the spherical aberration introduced by the lens when temperature (and thus the laser wavelength) changes. A drawback of this system is that, when the nominal wavelength varies from batch to batch, an offset in spherochromatism is introduced and the compensation is not adequate anymore.
[0004] It is an object of the invention to provide a lens system less insensitive for wavelength variations and at the same time insensitive for temperature variations.
[0005] The object is achieved if a lens system according to the invention includes a lens, a grating and a non-periodic phase structure, the lens system being a-thermalised by a compensation of the temperature-dependence of the spherical aberration of the lens by the temperature-dependence of the spherical aberration of the non-periodic phase structure and the grating, and the lens system being a-spherochromatised by a compensation of the wavelength-dependence of the spherical aberration of the grating by the wavelength-dependence of the spherical aberration of the non-periodic phase structure.
[0006] The two compensations may be partial or complete. The a-thermalisation is preferably such that the root-mean-square optical path difference (OPD-rms) of the wavefront of a radiation beam passing through the lens system caused by a temperature change of 30 K is less than 20 mλ, where λ is the wavelength of the radiation beam. The a-spherochromatisation is preferably such that the OPD-rms caused by a change in wavelength of 10 nm is less than 20 mλ with refocusing; the a-spherochromatisation is also preferably such that the OPD-rms caused by a change in wavelength of 3 nm is less than 20 mλ without refocusing.
[0007] A preferred embodiment of the lens system is made substantially achromatic. Since the power of the grating is a parameter not fixed by the a-thermalisation or the a-spherochromatisation, the power can be used to make the lens system achromatic.
[0008] A further aspect of the invention relates to an optical head for scanning an information layer of an optical record carrier, including a radiation source for generating a radiation beam, a lens system according to the invention for converging the radiation beam on the information layer, and a detection system for converting radiation from the information layer to an electrical detector signal. The a-thermalised and a-spherochromatised lens system reduces the temperature sensitivity of the optical head, making the accuracy of the scanning of the head less dependent on environmental factors and, therefore, more reliable.
[0009] A still further aspect of the invention relates to an optical player for scanning an information layer of an optical record carrier, which player includes an optical head according to the invention and an information processing unit for error correction of the detector signal. The improved scanning of the optical head increases the quality of the detector signal and reduces the chances that information read from the record carrier is incorrigible.
[0010] The objects, advantages and features of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which
[0011]FIG. 1 shows a scanning device according to the invention;
[0012] FIGS. 2A-D show four different embodiments of the lens systems;
[0013]FIG. 3 shows the wavefront aberration of the objective lens containing an grating and NPS at an elevated temperature; and
[0014]FIG. 4 shows the wavefront aberration of the combination of the objective lens containing a grating and an NPS at a shifted wavelength after refocusing.
[0015] The principle of the compensation of temperature effects will be explained in three steps. First the a-thermalisation of a lens system including a lens and a grating will be considered. Next the a-thermalisation of a lens system including a lens and a non-periodic structure will be described. Finally the a-thermalisation of a lens system according to the invention including a lens, a grating and a non-periodic phase structure will be explained.
[0016] In the first step, the lens system includes a lens and a diffractive grating arranged on the lens. The grating may be of the blazed type, such that it directs substantially all the incident radiation in the pth-diffraction order. The diffracted radiation is captured by the lens. The grating is rotationally symmetric and is described by a phase function Ξ of the form
Ξ(r)=Ar 2 +Gr 4 (1)
[0017] with r the radial coordinate of the grating, A the coefficient determining the optical strength of the grating and G the coefficient determining the spherical aberration introduced by the grating. The value of A is not affected by the a-thermalisation or a-spherochromatisation, as is clear from (9) and (10) below. Its value may be used to achromatize the lens system. The radial position rj where each zone or grating line starts, is then determined by
Ξ(r j)=2πj (2)
[0018] For diffraction in the pth-order the focal length Fgrating of the grating is given by
[0019] while the amount of spherical aberration generated by the grating in this order is given by
[0020] where p is the diffraction order, G the coefficient defined in (1), F the focal length of the total lens system and NA the corresponding numerical aperture of the total lens system. The lens design of this embodiment is such that the spherical aberration introduced by the grating is compensated by the spherical aberration introduced by the lens in the nominal design configuration.
[0021] The case is now considered where the temperature deviates from the nominal design configuration. The amount of spherical wavefront aberration Wlens introduced by the lens when the temperature changes by an amount ΔT is given by
W lens =SΔT (5)
[0022] This wavefront aberration must be compensated by the wavefront aberration of the grating and/or the non-periodic phase structure. This can be realized in the following way. When the temperature increases, the lens on which the diffractive grating is present expands. Let the coefficient of linear expansion of the material of which the lens is made be given by α. The zone radii rj will be affected by the expansion and can now be expressed to first order of the temperature change ΔT as
r j (ΔT)=[1+αΔT]r j (6)
[0023] This in turn results in a change of the coefficients A and G, which determine the operation of the grating, with the result given by
A(ΔT)=[1−2αΔT]A (7)
G(ΔT)=[1−4αΔT]G (8)
[0024] Consequently, from (4) and (8) it then follows that the diffractive grating introduces an additional amount of spherical wavefront aberration ΔWT grating when the temperature changes given by
[0025] When however the wavelength changes, the grating introduces also an amount of spherical wavefront aberration ΔWT grating given by
[0026] where γ is defined by
[0027] Consequently, when a-thermalising the lens with a diffractive grating only, the system becomes sensitive to spherochromatism; in other words, the amount of spherical aberration changes when the wavelength changes.
[0028] In the second step, the lens system includes a lens and a non-periodic phase structure (NPS). The NPS is arranged in the optical path of the radiation beam and is used to a-thermalise the lens system as described in the international patent application WO 01/48745. The NPS comprises a layer of a dielectric material having a thickness that varies as a function of the radius, forming a number of concentric rings. The jth ring has a height hj, which at the design temperature give rise to a phase change of mj2π with mj an integer. The heights hj are each equal to mjh, with mj an integer and h equal to
[0029] where λ is the wavelength and n(T0) is the refractive index of the material of the rings at the wavelength λ and the design temperature T0. When the temperature changes by an amount ΔT, the jth ring gives rise to a phase step ΔΦj which, modulo 2π, is equal to
[0030] where α is the coefficient of linear expansion of the dielectric material, and n the refractive index. The thermal expansion also increases the width of annular rings; however, this effect can be neglected because an NPS structures having wide zones is considered. The NPS is designed such that it introduces an amount of spherical aberration WT NPS when the temperature changes by ΔT, given by
[0031] On the other hand, when the wavelength changes by an amount Δλ, the above structure gives rise to a phase step which, modulo 2π, is equal to
[0032] From (13), (14) and (16) it follows than that the above defined NPS introduces when the wavelength changes an amount of spherochromatism Wλ NPS given by
[0033] Similar as for the diffractive grating, when a-thermalising the lens with an NPS only, the system becomes sensitive to spherochromatism. Hence, spherical aberration arises when the wavelength changes.
[0034] For a-thermalisation and reduction of the spherochromatism both a diffractive grating and an NPS are necessary. Therefore, in the third step, the lens system includes a lens, a diffractive grating and a non-periodic phase structure.
[0035] The amount of spherical aberration WT due to a temperature change of ΔT and the amount of spherical aberration Wλ due to a wavelength change of Δλ of the lens system is given by
W λ=(γP+κQ)Δλ (20)
[0036] where the spherochromatism introduced by the lens has been neglected, because it is small compared to the spherochromatism of the NPS and the grating. When the NPS and the grating are designed in such a way that
[0037] then the total system becomes a-thermal (hence no spherical aberration is introduced when temperature changes) and a-spherochromatic.
[0038] Since the power of the diffractive structure is not yet fixed by the above equations, the lens system can also be made achromatic. The lens system is achromatic if the lens and the grating comply with
[0039] where K0 and K1 are the power of the lens and the grating, respectively, and V0 and V1 the Abbe numbers of the lens and the grating, respectively. The power of an optical element is equal to 1/f with f the focal length of the element. The power of a diffractive element such as a grating increases with increasing wavelength, whereas the power of a refractive element such as a lens decreases with increasing wavelength. The Abbe number V1 of a grating is equal to −3,452; the Abbe number V0 of a lens made of a normal glass lies in the range from 20 to 95 and the Abbe number V0 of a plastic lens lies in the range from 35 to 65. Since the magnitude of V1 is always smaller than the magnitude of V0, K1 must also be smaller than K0 to comply with (23). Hence, the grating should have a relatively low power, which improves its manufacturability.
[0040] The grating and non-periodic structure may be made of the same plastic material to facilitate integration of the elements. When the plastic COC is used for both elements, the following numerical values are obtained. COC has a refractive index n=1.5309 for λ=650 nm, a coefficient of linear expansion α=60 10−6/K and dn/dT=−10 10−5/K. Substituting this in (11) and (18) yields κ/λ=−1.87 and hence
[0041] Consequently, for this material the diffractive grating has to compensate 65% of the spherical aberration introduced by lens when the temperature changes and the NPS the remaining 35%. Note, that this holds to first approximation for any value of Δλ and ΔT. The same magnitude of the coefficients −0.65 and −0.35 in (24) and (25) improves the manufacturability of the lens system.
[0042] The grating and the non-periodic structure may also be made of different materials, such as glass and plastic, resulting in different coefficients in (24) and (25). Likewise, the lens may be made of glass or plastic. In a preferred embodiment of the lens system, the lens, grating and non-periodic structure are made of the same material, e.g. COC, and are preferably integrated in a single optical element.
[0043]FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention for scanning an optical record carrier 2. The record carrier comprises a transparent layer 3, on one side of which an information layer 4 is arranged. The side of the information layer facing away from the transparent layer is protected from environmental influences by a protection layer 5. The side of the transparent layer facing the device is called the entrance face 6. The transparent layer 3 acts as a substrate for the record carrier by providing mechanical support for the information layer. Alternatively, the transparent layer may have the sole function of protecting the information layer, while the mechanical support is provided by a layer on the other side of the information layer, for instance by the protection layer 5 or by a further information layer and a transparent layer connected to the information layer 4. Information may be stored in the information layer 4 of the record carrier in the form of optically detectable marks arranged in substantially parallel, concentric or spiral tracks, not indicated in the Figure. The marks may be in any optically readable form, e.g. in the form of pits, or areas with a reflection coefficient or a direction of magnetization different from their surroundings, or a combination of these forms.
[0044] The scanning device 1 comprises a radiation source 11 that can emit a radiation beam 12. The radiation source may be a semiconductor laser. A beam splitter 13 reflects the diverging radiation beam 12 towards a lens system comprising a collimator lens 14 and an objective system 18. The collimator lens 14 converts the diverging beam 12 into a collimated beam 15. The collimated beam 15 is incident on the objective system 18. The objective system comprises preferably a grating, an NPS and one or more lenses and/or mirrors. The objective system 18 has an optical axis 19. The objective system 18 changes the beam 15 to a converging beam 20, incident on the entrance face 6 of the record carrier 2. The objective system has a spherical aberration correction adapted for passage of the radiation beam through the thickness of the transparent layer 3. The converging beam 20 forms a spot 21 on the information layer 4. Radiation reflected by the information layer 4 forms a diverging beam 22, transformed into a substantially collimated beam 23 by the objective system 18 and subsequently into a converging beam 24 by the collimator lens 14. The beam splitter 13 separates the forward and reflected beams by transmitting at least part of the converging beam 24 towards a detection system 25. The detection system captures the radiation and converts it into electrical output signals 26. A signal processor 27 converts these output signals to various other signals. One of the signals is an information signal 28, the value of which represents information read from the information layer 4. The information signal is processed by an information processing unit for error correction 29. Other signals from the signal processor 27 are the focus error signal and radial error signal 30. The focus error signal represents the axial difference in height between the spot 21 and the information layer 4. The radial error signal represents the distance in the plane of the information layer 4 between the spot 21 and the center of a track in the information layer to be followed by the spot. The focus error signal and the radial error signal are fed into a servo circuit 31, which converts these signals to servo control signals 32 for controlling a focus actuator and a radial actuator respectively. The actuators are not shown in the Figure. The focus actuator controls the position of the objective system 18 in the focus direction 33, thereby controlling the actual position of the spot 21 such that it coincides substantially with the plane of the information layer 4. The radial actuator controls the position of the objective lens 18 in a radial direction 34, thereby controlling the radial position of the spot 21 such that it coincides substantially with the central line of track to be followed in the information layer 4. The tracks in the Figure run in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the Figure.
[0045] The device of FIG. 1 may be adapted to scan also a second type of record carrier having a thicker transparent layer than the record carrier 2. The device may use the radiation beam 12 or a radiation beam having a different wavelength for scanning the record carrier of the second type. The NA of this radiation beam may be adapted to the type of record carrier. The spherical aberration compensation of the objective system must be adapted accordingly.
[0046] The objective system 18 shown in FIG. 1 is formed by a single lens having an NA of 0.65 for operation at a wavelength of 660 nm. The lens is made of COC (Topas). The refractive index of COC is n=1.5309, the linear expansion coefficient a is equal to 60 10−6/K, while the change β of the refractive index as a function of temperature, i.e. β=dn/dT, is equal to −10 10−5/K. The entrance pupil diameter of the objective lens is 3.3 mm.
[0047]FIG. 2 shows four different embodiments of the objective system. FIG. 2A shows embodiment one having an objective lens 39 without grating and NPS. FIG. 2B shows embodiment, two having an objective lens 39′ and a grating 45. FIG. 2C shows embodiment three having an objective lens 39″ and an NPS 50. FIG. 2D shows embodiment four having an objective lens 39′″, a grating 45′ and an NPS 50′. Embodiments two, three and four correspond to the three cases discussed in the section before the description of FIG. 1. Embodiment four is an embodiment according to the invention. The thickness on the optical axis of the objective lenses 39-39′″ is 2.194 mm. Each objective lens has a surface 40, 40′, 40″, 40′″ facing the radiation source and a surface 41, 41′, 41″, 41′″ facing the record carrier; all surfaces are aspheric. The rotational symmetric shape of the surfaces can be described by the equation
z(r)=B 2 r 2 +B 4 r 4 +B 6 r 6+.
[0048] with z being the position of the surface in the direction of the optical axis in millimeters, r the distance to the optical axis in millimeters, and Bk the coefficient of the kth power of r. The values of B2 to B12 for the surface of the objective lens facing the radiation source are tabulated in Table I for all the four embodiments. The surfaces 41, 41′, 41″, 41′″ of the objective lenses facing the record carrier have the same shape given by the coefficients −0.1114228, 0.02852619, −0.0046668186, −0.0036752428, 0.0063619582, −0.007503492, 0.0046641069 and −0.0010757204, respectively. The distance between the objective lens and the entrance face 6 of the record carrier is defined as the free-working distance FWD and is listed in table I. The transparent layer 3 of the record carrier has a thickness of 0.6 mm and is made of polycarbonate having a refractive index n=1.5796, a linear expansion coefficient a equal to 67 10−6/K, while the change , of the refractive index as a function of temperature, i.e. β=dn/dT, is equal to −11 10−5/K. At the design temperature To of 20� C. the lens has the correct spherical aberration compensation for the transparent layer 3 of the record carrier 2. When the temperature of the objective lens deviates from To, the change in shape of the lens and in the value of the refractive index cause additional spherical aberration to be introduced in the radiation beam proportional to the change in temperature. Since this aberration is not required for the compensation of the spherical aberration introduced by the transparent layer 3, the aberration will reduce the quality of the focal spot 21.
TABLE I Parameter Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 B2 [mm−1] 0.30667827 0.29970341 0.30667449 0.30820682 B4 [mm−3] 0.012774652 0.011314413 0.012776297 0.0083940311 B6 [mm5−] −0.00056149226 −0.0007343748 −0.00056792823 −0.00091696124 B8 [mm−7] 0.0010924384 0.0011029285 0.0010987024 0.0010979681 B10 [mm−9] −0.00039785742 −0.00040268658 −0.00040021226 −0.00041309786 B12 [mm−11] 4.6929021 10−5 4.7409304 10−5 4.7244528 10−5 4.9071182 10−5 FWD [mm] 0.990 0.974 0.990 0.973 A [mm−2] 0 47.3954 0 5.0000 G [mm−4] 0 6.1780 0 24.1141 m1 0 0 −1 −3 m2 0 0 −3 −6 m3 0 0 −1 −3
[0049] Embodiments 2 and 4 of the lens system include a diffractive grating 45 and 45′, respectively. The grating is on the surface of the lens facing the radiation source. The coefficient A and G defining the grating (see Equation (1)) are giving in Table I. The grating is of the blazed type in which substantially all the light is diffracted in the p=−1 order.
[0050] Embodiments 3 and 4 of the lens system include an NPS 50 and 50′, respectively. The non-periodic phase structure is rotationally symmetric around the optical axis 19. The NPS is on the surface of the objective lens facing the radiation source and is made of the same material as the lens, in these embodiments COC. The phase structure has a central area 51 and four concentric annular areas 52, 53, 54 and 55. The annular areas 52, 53 and 54 are rings with a height of h1, h2 and h3 above the height of the central area 5 1. The height of the areas in the Figure is exaggerated with respect to the thickness and radial extent of the surface 40″. The plate 50 may also be made of the same material as the rings. The heights hj are each equal to mjh, with mj an integer and h given by Equation (12). In this particular example where the NPS is of COC, the height h is equal to 1.2432 μm. Since each of the annular areas introduces a phase change of a mj 2π in the radiation beam at the design temperature, the phase structure does not change the wavefront of the radiation beam. When the temperature changes, the stepped phase structure will change shape. Hence, the height of the rings will change (proportional to the coefficient of linear expansion α). Since the steps have been chosen to be wide, the change in width of the annular areas has a negligible effect. The refractive index of the material of the structure will also change (proportional to β=dn/dT). Consequently, the length of the optical paths through the annular areas depends on the temperature of the phase structure. The phase change introduced by this effect is (see Equation (13))
ΔΦj=−0.00081m j ΔT
[0051] The radial extent of the four annular areas 51, 52 ,53, 54 and 55 is: 0.0-0.48 mm, 0.48-0.85 mm, 0.85-1.47 mm, 1.47-1.60 mm, 1.60-1.65 mm, respectively. In Table I the values mj are tabulated for the four lens configuration.
TABLE H Configuration Δγ =3 nm (no refocusing) ΔT = 30� C. Δγ = 10 nm (re-focusing) Lens 36.5 mγ 23.2 mγ 4.8 mγ Lens + grating 8.2 mγ 22.8 mγ 8.9 mγ Lens + NPS 36.6 mγ 18.6 mγ 13.5 mγ Lens + grating + NPS 13.2 mγ 13.3 mγ 11.4 mγ
[0052] Table II shows the root mean square value of the optical path difference of the wavefront aberration introduced by the lens system for three different settings. The first setting is where the wavelength has changed by Δλ=3 nm without refocusing the objective lens system; the aberration is a measure for chromatism of the lens system. The second setting is where the temperature has changed by ΔT=30� C.; the aberration is now a measure for the sensitivity of the lens system for temperature changes. The last setting is where the wavelength has changed by 10 nm while the objective lens system is re-focused; the aberration is a measure for the spherochromatism of the lens system. It should be noted that in designing the four lens configurations of Table I the above three settings have been taken into account in the merit function to optimize the lens system.
[0053] Table II shows that the lens without grating and NPS is chromatic and sensitive to temperature variations, while it is substantially a-spherochromatic. The lens system including a grating can easily be made achromatic, but the temperature dependence can hardly be reduced without introducing a significant amount of spherochromatism. The lens system including an NPS remains chromatic. The temperature dependence can be reduced to some extent, but the reduction is limited in order to keep the spherochromatism limited. Finally, the lens system including a grating and an NPS is an embodiment according to the invention and can indeed make the lens system substantially achromatic, a-thermal and a-spherochromatic.
[0054]FIG. 3 shows the optical path difference for the lens system containing a grating and an NPS for the case where the temperature is increased by ΔT=30� C. In FIG. 3A the contribution of the NPS has been eliminated in order to determine its contribution to the optical path difference, while in FIG. 3B the contribution is taken into account.
[0055]FIG. 4 shows the optical path difference for the lens system containing a grating and an NPS for the case where the wavelength has changed by 10 nm. Again in FIG. 4A the contribution of the NPS has been eliminated in order to determine its contribution to the optical path difference, while in FIG. 4B the contribution is taken into account. These Figures show that the combination of a grating and an NPS allows the reduction of spherical aberration due to temperature variations lens while at the same time the spherochromatism remains low.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|4 May 1936
|28 Mar 1939
|American Box Board Co
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|30 Jun 2009
|26 Jul 2011
|Sony Corporation
|Optical pickup and optical disc apparatus using the same
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|10 Jul 2002
|23 Jul 2007
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|6 Jan 2010
Owner name: CP-MAHK JAPAN CO., LTD.,JAPAN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.;REEL/FRAME:023741/0466
Effective date: 20091201
|12 Sep 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|3 Feb 2012
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|27 Mar 2012
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20120203


text:
The Roseville Theatre Arts Academy (RTAA) is proud to present The Addams Family, a new musical comedy, as part of their continuing Main Stage ...
Plenty for the whole family to enjoy!
Crafts, Storytelling, Animal Guests, & Face Painting
Pick out your favorite pumpkins
& enjoy our gardens.
Tour our Hero ...
Callson Manor ScarePark is the most extreme Haunted event in Northern California.
Spread out over 2.5 acres, Callson Manor ScarePark 2015 has been supercharged ...
Multiple artful events, including films and personal conversations, explore the people of the Greatest Generation and its impact on our community. LNF is presented ...
5th annual invitational exhibition
120 plates and totems from
Northern California artists
who will present traditional forms
non-traditional ways;
plates as paintings,
totems as contemporary
Price: FREE
Placer Community Theater will soon be presenting one of Broadway's best-loved family musicals, Mary Poppins. Based on the books by P.L. Travers, and the ...
The festivities will begin at 6:00pm when you arrive in your pajamas for a meet and greet with our newest residents, Bert and Ernie ...
King Philip and Queen Eleanor, rulers of Pharoffland, grieve because they have no child. When the three good fairies, Rose Petal, Moon Beam and ...
Join us at Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park as Coloma transforms into an 1850s mining camp, featuring Peddler's Row, Saloon, Benefit BBQ, Live ...
– The chance to sample wines from an exclusive variety of up to 25 local wineries
– Gourmet Food samples from up to 25 local ...
Visit the studios of artists in Newcastle, California
15+ artists in 8 locations.
See art in a variety of media, watercolor, scratchboard, pastel, photography, pencil, printmaking, ...
"All Trails Lead to Auburn"
Circumnavigates Around Folsom Lake
110K - 8,500' Climbing
For Individual or Relay Teams
The event will start right off of ...
presents the
The whole family will enjoy the PlacerGROWN Farm & Barn Tour,
a FREE self-guided expedition of farms, ranches, and vineyards ...
The Tannahill Weavers
are one of Scotland 's
premier traditional bands. Their diverse repertoire spans the centuries
with fire-driven instrumentals, topical songs, and original ballads and
lullabies. ...
New Chamber Ballet
The final presentation of our 2015 Season, we are proud to present the company that our Artistic Director, Christin Hanna, danced for ...
Hollywood legends Marlon Brando, Frank Sinatra, Jean Simmons and Vivian
Blain star in this Frank Loesser masterpiece, unleashing a spectacular,
song-and-dance show that's loaded with entertainment. ...
Native American dancers, drummers, singers,
artist and food vendors will be
gathering from across
the region to
participate in the
Auburn Big Time—Pow Wow
at the ...
NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
PCS Late Models
Mini Cups and Legends
Live Band, Midway and Fireworks.
Fun for the whole family.
Join us on the 3rd Saturday of every month for an Art Walk,
where the exhibits from the Coker Family Gallery,
Workshop Gallery,
and the ...
Join us for the 19th Annual Auburn Community Festival on Saturday, October 17. 2015!
Enjoy the Giant Pumpkin Contest, Scarecrow Contest, Costume Contest & Parade, ...
Music by the Pine Street Ramblers
Food Sampling
Artists in the Orchard
Kool Kettle Korn
Maria's Tacos
Face Painting and More!!!
Fall Antiques Street Fair
Come join us for our annual Fall Antiques Street Fair.
Antiques and Collectibles.
Unusual bargains, jewels to junk, 150 vendors.
Come ...
The Classic Country Bash
hosted by our own Rae Rock
Our DJ for the evening will be Tokio Rocks.
Doors will open promptly at 3:30 p.m.
Denio's Farmers Market and Swap Meet in Roseville will host a special Mexican Wrestling
featuring famed Mexican wrestlers Hijo De Fishman, Mascara Infernal, Furia Nocturna ...
We've joined forces with Sweetgrass Productions, Patagonia, and the Tahoe Art Haus & Cinema to host the amazing "Jumbo Wild"
This is a stunning and ...
We are all locals. And we live in a global world. We can no longer
pass through or visit remote wild places and trust they ...
At Seniors First we pride ourselves on great fundraisers. This year is no exception. In fact this year will mark our 20th anniversary ...
Maple Rock Gardens will be open to the public for one last time this year. There will be a collection of vintage antique sellers ...
Now in its 6th year, this free family event is geared toward school-age children and their families. It features activities, vendors, entertainment, trick or ...
Come enjoy beer from our local and regional breweries! Bring your friends and enjoy live music, food and have a great time.
Proceeds benefit City of ...
Guests will enjoy a fun-filled evening with special guest emcees, Placer
County Sheriff Ed Bonner and Pride Industries CEO Mike Ziegler. Invest
in our children ...
Crop to Tabletop Dinner
The dinner will feature an amazing array of local, grilled meats,
luscious in-season salads and sides, and a fall-flavored dessert.
no-host ...
On the Spot's Night of the Fundead has sold out for 5 years in a row.
This family friendly Halloween themed improv show is always ...
Winner of the 1953 Tony Award for Best Play, this exciting drama about the Puritan purge of witchcraft in old Salem is both a ...
Soroptimist International of the American River presents the 6th annual Bling on the Holidays Fundraiser!
Join us for an evening of fun and friendship, ...
Sactown Sounds: The Best Of Local Bands
Featuring the sultry, hip music of Merdog (Indie Alternative) and Thick
Soup (Americana). Thick Soup is a Northern Californian ...
Rudy Colombini & the Unauthorized Rolling Stones
Recognized as the leading Rolling Stones
tribute band in the world, and considered by Stones insiders and die
hard fans ...
Presented by Silver Screen Movies
The prettiest sight in this fine pretty world is the privileged class enjoying its privileges. In this comedy of love, ...
The "You-Make-It" Craft Expo is such a wonderful opportunity to
involve a large audience in 4-H "hands-on" activities at a minimal cost.
The event makes year ...
A Joseph Kesselring Play
Opening night is Thursday, November 12, ...
21th Annual
There will be a great group of poets, singers and storytellers on this
years schedule. Our audience is full of cowboys, ...
Don't miss out on North Tahoe's most flavorful fundraiser benefiting North Tahoe Business Association and Tahoe Public Art. This not-to-miss fall social gathering that ...
The Annual Autumn Art Studios Tour invites the public to discover and explore the world of visual art, get a behind the scenes look ...
It's what makes the Great American Songbook so great you will feel like you've stepped into an era filled with moods and music to ...
Quilt Show and sale! Quilts will be displayed, locally-made quilts will be for sale, shop a boutique of high-quality, handmade items along with vendors, door ...
Operating Layouts / Vendors /
Snack Bars
TrainMart Consignment Store!
American and European Model Railroads in
HO, N, Z, S, O, G, Lionel & Narrow Gauge Will be ...
Celebrating 22 years of Placer County Mandarins! Enjoy the tree ripe, hand picked zipper fruit. Hosting 20 Local Mandarin growers, over 200 craft and ...
Bob Milne
Ragtime and Boogie Woogie
Bob Milne is considered to be the best
ragtime/boogie-woogie pianist in the world. He was filmed and documented
for future generations in ...
Welcome to the 9th Annual MandaRUN featuring a 1/2 Marathon and 5 K
Run. In conjunction with the Mountain Mandarin Festival, the MandaRUN
is presented by ...
Auburns annual Christmas Craft & Art Faire
Exclusively presented by The Craft Guild of Nevada County at the Gold Country Fairgrounds in Auburn. Enjoy ...
Alasdair Fraser &
Natalie Haas
Award-winning duo once again unleash their dazzling teamwork, driving,
dancing rhythms, and shared passion for taking the infectious melodies
and grooves of ...
Presented by Silver Screen Movies
The killer in John Wayne's jail has treacherous friends, eager to kill to free their pal. But stubborn Duke refuses ...
Ballet has captivated audiences around
the globe for hundreds of years, entrancing children with the fantasy,
and holding adults in awe at the grace and ...
homes ranging from historic to fabulous all beautifully decorated for
the holidays. Stop by our festive Holiday Boutique to browse and
shop, and enjoy a delicious gourmet buffet lunch and entertainment.
the ...
Irish Christmas in America
The hugely popular Irish Christmas in America
show features top Irish music, song and dance in an engaging
performance rich in history, humour ...
29th Annual Old Town Country Christmas
December 12th and December 19th
Take a step back in time and enjoy an old fashioned holiday event in ...
A Holiday Homecoming
Pure holiday magic!
Capture the spirit of the season with new and
innovative arrangements of timeless and heartwarming Christmas classics.
Experience the magic and ...
NOTE: All effort is made to notify when events have changed or been cancelled. That said, however, weather or other circumstances may force the cancelation of an event without notice. When in doubt, contact the Event to find out the latest information.
Historic Guided Walking Tour of
Old Town Auburn
Presented by Placer County Museum Docent Guild
Every Saturday, rain or shine!! Meet at the Courthouse at 10:00 a.m.
101 Maple Street, Auburn, CA
530 889-6500
Old Town Courthouse Parking Lot
Every Saturday Year 'Round from 8:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.
Auburn Folsom Road at Lincoln Way
Auburn, CA
Fountains at Roseville
Every Tuesday Year 'Round from 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
Roseville Parkway and Galleria Blvd.
Roseville, CA
Free Art Walk
Downtown Roseville Merchants


text:
Utahn sentenced to prison for sex with Idaho girl, 13
BOISE — A Tremonton man was sentenced to federal prison in Idaho Monday for engaging in sexual activity with a 13-year-old Idaho girl.
The man is also accused of being a "serial sex offender" who allegedly also had sexual encounters with three other girls in Utah under the age of 16.
Bo B. Burdick, 21, was sentenced to eight years in prison, to be followed by 10 years of probation, for traveling with the intent to engage in illicit sexual contact, according to the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Idaho. U.S. District Judge Edward Lodge also ordered Burdick to pay more than $21,000 in restitution.
Burdick pleaded guilty to the charge in August.
Burdick requested to become friends with the girl over Facebook sometime in February 2011. According to prosecutors, the girl learned that Burdick was a volunteer firefighter living in Utah and the two began to chat via text messages.
Burdick sent the girl a nude photo early on and asked her to do the same. The Idaho State Police Cyber Crimes Unit eventually recovered text messages and emails sent by both Burdick and the girl.
"The messages clearly show that the girl told Burdick she was 13 years old," prosecutors said in a prepared statement. "They also show Burdick giving the girl instructions about the kinds of pictures he wanted her to send."
Prosecutors say Burdick traveled from Utah to Idaho to see the girl four separate times in 2011 and would rent hotel rooms where they engaged in sexual intercourse.
During their investigation, agents also found additional victims and Burdick allegedly admitted that when he was between 17 and 20 years old, he had sexual encounters with 11 women in Utah that he had met online.
"Burdick told investigators four of the females were under the age of 16, including the Idaho victim," according to prosecutors. "Burdick admitted that when he was age 19, he had a sexual relationship with a 14-year-old female in Utah and fathered a child with her."
A search of Utah court records showed that Burdick is facing a single count of unlawful sexual activity with a minor, a third-degree felony, in 1st District Court.
Prosecutors said they felt the prison sentence Burdick received in Idaho sent a strong message to those who would seek to sexually exploit children. It also pointed to the important role of parents in monitoring their child's online activity.
"This case illustrates the importance of parental involvement in a child's digital life," said Brad Bench, a special agent in Homeland Security Investigations. "If not for the intervention of the girl's parents who discovered and reported the illicit activity, Burdick could be free to victimize others."
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, Twitter: DNewsCrimeTeam
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text:
Hewlett-Packard Redesigns Packaging, Cuts GHG Emissions
Hewlett-Packard says new print cartridge packaging for North America will reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an estimated 37 million pounds in 2007 – the equivalent of taking 3,600 cars off the road for one year.
The emissions savings are the result of smaller, lighter packages that both reduce the total carbon footprint of each cartridge and the truck and freighter transportation traffic required to ship them, according to HP. Newer packaging also contains more recyclable and recycled content.
"What I see here is smart design," said Greg Norris, Ph.D., environmental life cycle assessment instructor at Harvard University and creator of the Earthster project. "The changes all go in the right direction environmentally and all in ways that make economic sense to HP and its customers. More power to these designers."
For retailers, the new packaging is also expected to save significant transportation and storage costs.
HP estimates its redesigned print cartridge packaging will eliminate the use of nearly 15 million pounds of materials, including 3 million pounds of corrugated cardboard in 2007. The packaging also will eliminate the use of more than 6.8 million pounds of polyvinyl chloride plastic through material reduction and substitution of recycled content plastic and paperboard.
HP inkjet cartridge multipacks, for example, are now made with recycled content paperboard instead of PVC.
Additionally, HP inkjet cartridge photo value packs are now packaged completely in recycled paperboard instead of PVC plastic. Also, HP says that its PVC has been replaced by recycled plastic in HP inkjet cartridge tripack packaging sold in club stores.
New HP LaserJet toner cartridge packaging uses 45 percent less packaging material by weight according to the company. The smaller boxes can be shipped 30 percent more efficiently – a standard shipping pallet holds 203 cartridges instead of the previous 144.
Overall, HP estimates that the more efficient packaging is expected to reduce truck traffic in the U.S. and Canada by an estimated 1.5 million miles in 2007.
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This special American Heart Month discussion, co-hosted by WomenHeart: The National Coalition for Women with Heart Disease and the American Heart Association's Go Red for Women, features the nation's leading experts in cardiovascular care. The presentation will be followed by Q&A.
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Overall Experience:
If I could go back in time, I would only choose to go to this school again because of the wonderful friends I have made and classmates that I have met. However, the Department of Residence Life and the Nursing department members have made me absolutely hate being here. Members of both department are not as responsive to student's concerns and needs as I would have liked them to be and are biased/pick favorites with certain residents/students. Residence Life members will ding you for something but may not do the same to someone else who is their friend or favorite resident, which is completely unfair and frustrating. The Nursing Department members tell you to voice your concerns and opinions because "the students are important to [them]"-- yet, when you try to address whatever your concern is, they disregard the issue and give a non-direct explanation as to why they did what they did. In fact, instead of answering your actual question, they make you feel like you're the one at fault for whatever the issue is that you're trying to address. Additionally, the department of Nursing is disorganized in the way they run things, which adds stress to the students' already stressful school load.
Overall Experience:
I am so happy I ended up at Dominican University of California, and I know of a friend mine feels the same way. Yes, it's expensive and the small school environment has it's pros and cons. But I was given so many opportunities there both in regards to academics and extracurriculars. I believe that if you make the most of it, you can really get a tremendous amount back from Dominican University.
Overall Experience:
Dominican University is a diverse school which allows each and very one of their students to succeed by providing a lot of help from teachers and staff and also by keeping small classroom sizes.
Off-Campus Dining:
Not much choices, but enough to say it's good.
Attendance that affects grades is probably the only strictness at my school.
I had no problems with financial aid.
Campus Food:
Caleruega Hall is a hit or miss.
Campus is pretty diverse! Greatest commonality is that most are from the West Coast but people come from all sorts of backgrounds!
The Political Science department is small but the teachers in it are of the best at the school. Great program, really pushes you to work hard.
A lot of incredible teachers that are always willing to help. Great environment that fosters education.
Campus Quality:
Very beautiful campus. Walking around or hanging out on lawnsm under the sun is great.
Local Area:
Local area is small. Great hiking areas and chill environment. Area has small town feel, if you want something more lively you'd have to make the drive to SF.
Overall Experience:
Campus is so welcoming and supportive. A generally chill and comforting environment. Cool place to learn.
Overall Experience:
I've had a great time. Teachers are incredible and you get to know them well, Administration is always willing to help, and everyone is so nice.
Overall Experience:
Administration and teachers are always willing to help you find something you just have to show motivation and initiative. Resources are there!
Guys & Girls:
There are more girls than guys but guys that around tend to be super laidback and kind.
Health & Safety:
Campus is super safe and everyone is so incredibly nice.
Not too involved but, there are always cool sport events going on!
Greek Life:
Greek Life doesn't exist at Dominican. It's beyond fine though because the campus maintains it's super chill quality
Off-Campus Housing:
You'll find something usually, but rent in Marin is expensive.
Off-Campus Dining:
There are all kinds of restaurants. Something that suits your needs is always available.
Party Scene:
It could be better, but every few weeks there's something going on. Chill get togethers are more common. For partying people venture to bars or clubs.
Someone is always willing to help! Since it's such a small campus your needs are accommodated.
I think there may be cuts which is unfortunate because until now Scholarships have been good.
Campus Food:
Quality of food could be so much better. It's pretty disappointing.
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