text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 11, 1997
|Filing date
|Feb 28, 1995
|Priority date
|Feb 28, 1995
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Kyle H. Holland, David L. Carlson
|Original Assignee
|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (63), Classifications (5), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to using ultrasound technology for purposes of characterizing the tissue of a carcass animal wherein such characterization includes fat percentage and marbleization.
With the rise of ultrasound technology in the medical field in recent years, many uses for such technology have found their way into other industries. One industry which has found particular use for ultrasound is that of meat processing.
Currently, the grading of meat is carried out by inspectors who are specially trained to rate animal carcasses on the basis of visual inspection. This system is inherently subjective and potentially unfair due to the variability of human judgement, especially from inspector to inspector. Furthermore, the present grading system requires that the carcasses be at least partially butchered in order for grading to take place. This process is prone to rendering all or a portion of the carcass under analysis unusable. This baseline waste is currently taken for granted. Still further, the process of grading by human inspectors takes significant time due to the aforementioned butchering and visual inspection. This is undesirable for two reasons. First, the longer the carcass is exposed to the environment, the more it deteriorates due to natural processes and the higher the potential for external contaminants, such as dust and bacteria, adversely affecting carcass quality. These all, of course, constitute potential health hazards. Secondly, the number of carcasses a plant can process contributes directly to the plant's profits. Wasted time is costly.
Therefore, a method for the grading of meat in an automatic, efficient, non-invasive, and, most importantly, objective manner has long existed. Much progress has been made in the use of ultrasound technology to address this need; however, the method in which this progress has taken form have proven to be deficient in that they are somewhat costly and unnecessarily complicated or are not capable of determining particular characteristics of animal carcass tissue which it may be desirable to know.
A probable cause for these deficiencies is the fact that ultrasound technology has been developed furthest in the medical field where it is often used to generate images of internal tissue. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,785,817 and 5,140,988 both by Stouffer (et al in the latter) teach methods for grading meat and detecting abnormal bone structure (respectively) which lie along these lines. However, when such methods are used, especially in the grading of meat, complications arise. The generation of such images is data handling intensive, thereby necessitating considerable computing power, and also require further processing, such as pattern recognition steps, in order to arrive at a grade. The clarity of these images also raises questions as to the reliability of such techniques.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,785,817 also requires the use of brackets and arms to ensure proper and consistent positioning of its transducer array on an animal. Proper use of these positioning devices in applying them from animal is potentially time consuming. This is especially true if the animals are of considerably different size which would necessitate adjustment of these positioning devices.
Automatic determination of meat quality indicators without the use of imaging have been developed successfully. One such apparatus is taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,359,056 by Carlson (also co-inventor in this application) which is an automatic digital backfat meter. While this device is quite capable of determining fat thickness along the back of an animal, it is incapable of determining the characteristics of lean tissue, such as fat percentage and marbleization, which are the factors used primarily in the grading of meat as described above.
Thus, those concerned with these and other problem recognize the need for an improved apparatus and method for the characterization of animal tissue using ultrasound technology.
The present invention includes a method and apparatus for tissue characterization of animals using ultrasound wherein the apparatus generally comprises a hand-held ultrasound transducer array, a power source, a data acquisition unit and a communications means for coupling the hand-held ultrasound transducer array to the data acquisition unit. Display means and input means are provided for the control of the device by a user. The method includes gathering data concerning the animal tissue by using the apparatus to generate and receive ultrasound signals into and from the animal tissue and then processing the data which are gathered. This processing includes analyses which determine whether or not the hand-held ultrasound transducer array was positioned correctly relative to the animal tissue as well as the fat percentage and marbleization of the tissue.
An object of the present invention is the provision of an improved method and apparatus for the characterization of animal tissue using ultrasound technology which is portable, efficient, and accurate.
Another object is to provide for the determination of specific tissue characteristics, such as fat percentage and marbleization.
A further object of the invention is the provision of means for storing data from at least one animal carcass for analysis either immediately or possibly at a later time.
Still another object is to provide a means for communicating to the user whether or not the hand-held transducer array has been properly positioned and that acceptable contact between it and the animal carcass has been made when it is applied to a particular anatomical location on the animal carcass.
A still further object of the present invention is the provision of means for allowing the user to easily control the device and handle data which are gathered.
These and other attributes of the invention will become more clear upon a thorough study of the following description of the best mode for carrying out the invention, particularly when reviewed in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the apparatus in its intended operating position.
FIG. 2 is a lateral section of the hand-held ultrasound transducer array.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the tissue contact surface of the hand-held transducer array in several forms.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic side view of a piezo-electric transducer element in an upright position.
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic side view of a piezo-electric transducer element in a sideways position with variable matching layer configurations.
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the hand-held ultrasound transducer array with a flexible tissue contact surface in contact with an irregular tissue surface.
FIG. 7 is a schematic of an equivalent model for a transducer element and other associated elements.
FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic representation of optional means for communication between the data acquisition unit and the hand-held ultrasound transducer array.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the internal architecture of the data acquisition unit in association with the hand-held ultrasound transducer array.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the pulser circuit segment.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the signal receiving segment.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the organization of the power source.
FIG. 13 is a graphical representation of the analysis process to which raw data is subjected.
Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, FIG. 1 shows the apparatus in its intended environment. A beef carcass (1) whose tissue is being characterized is shown here for purposes of illustration; however, it should be understood that any of a variety of carcasses of like-sized animals (e.g., hogs or sheep) could be analyzed for tissue characterization using the apparatus and method described herein with only superficial modifications. While the term "carcass" will be used hereinafter to describe the tissue being characterized, it should be made clear that the invention could conceivably be used on live animals.
The apparatus of this invention generally comprises an ultrasound transducer array (10) a size suitable to be held in the hand, a data acquisition unit (20), and a power source (120) (see FIG. 12). A complete description of these components and their functionality is given below.
The transducer array (10), whose specific mode of operation will be described in more detail below, is shown in FIG. 1 in the operating position preferred by the present invention. Referring now to FIG. 2, the hand-held transducer array (10) comprises a housing (11), an imbedded mounting structure (12), a plurality of transducer elements (13), a plurality of tuning inductances (14) equal in number to the plurality of transducer elements (13), a tissue contact surface (15), and a communications means (16).
The housing (11) is of a size and shape suitable to be easily held in the hand of a typical user without undue fatigue. Further, the housing (11) is constructed of a moldable substance, such as a plastic or epoxy, such that the remainder of the elements of the hand-held transducer array (10) may be imbedded within it, thereby providing these elements with structural support, protection against mechanical stress (e.g., being dropped), and protection against fluids, such as blood or water, which are common in a meat-processing environment.
Within the housing (11), a generally flat, rectangular imbedded mounting structure (12) is provided for the purpose of giving structural support to the tuning inductances (14) or any other necessary electronic components, such as those needed to isonify, amplify, record, or otherwise process data or signals which are collected with respect to the carcass (1). In the preferred embodiment, the imbedded mounting structure (12) is a printed circuit board which further allows electrical connections to be easily made between the transducer elements (13), the tuning inductances (14), and the communications means (16).
Along the edge of the imbedded mounting structure (12) proximal to the tissue contact surface (15), a plurality of transducer elements (13) are arranged in a predetermined pattern. Referring now to FIG. 3, which is a plan view of the tissue contact surface (15), it is seen that this pattern may take any of a multitude of forms such as linear (FIG. 3a), matrix (FIG. 3b), or cluster (FIG. 3c). It should of course be understood that FIG. 3 serves to illustrate only a few of many possible arrangements.
Referring to FIG. 4, which is a diagrammatic view of a single transducer element (13), each transducer element (13) comprises a conical indentation (41), a backing layer (42), a piezo-electric element (43), and a matching layer (44). Such transducer elements are well known in the art. The matching layer (44) is of a particular thickness which is determined as follows. It is known in the art that optimal transmission and reception of an ultrasound signal is achieved when the matching layer thickness is a quarter wavelength of the sound wave as it propagates through the matching layer (44); and, when the material from which the matching layer (44) is made is of an acoustic impedance equal to the geometric mean of the two materials being matched (in this case, the piezo-electric element (43) and the tissue being characterized (1)). Furthermore, the matching layers (44) may be any of several shapes. Referring to FIG. 5, it is shown that these shapes may be generally flat, i.e., unfocused (44a); convex, i.e., defocused (44b); or concave, i.e., focused (44c). These options are shown in FIGS. 5a, 5b, and 5c respectively. The shapes of the matching layers (44) provide a means for controlling the scattering of ultrasound signals as they are transmitted into the tissue being characterized (1). For example, a concave matching layer (44c) directs ultrasound signals to a particular depth within the tissue, i.e., focuses the ultrasound signals, while a convex matching layer (44b) directs the signals in a scattered way into the tissue, i.e., defocuses the ultrasound signals.
Returning now to FIGS. 2 and 4, the matching layer (44) of each of the transducer elements (13) is disposed outwardly relative to the interior of the housing (11) so as to form an integral part of the tissue contact surface (15). In one embodiment, the tissue contact surface (15) is constructed from a rigid substance and is of a generally outwardly arcuate shape so as to conform to a carcass tissue surface which is of a complementary shape, for example, the area between two adjacent ribs (17). In another embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the tissue contact surface (15) is constructed from a flexible material so as to allow the transducer array (10) to make matching contact with a carcass tissue surface which is of a somewhat irregular or convex shape (60). In either of these embodiments, the constructions of the tissue contact surface (15) allows for the formation of contact between the matching layers (44) of the transducer elements (13) and the tissue of a carcass (1) that is of sufficient quality for the transmission and reception of ultrasound signals.
Again referring to FIG. 2, associated with each transducer element (13) is one of a plurality of tuning inductances (14). The tuning inductances (14) are mounted upon the imbedded mounting structure (12), within the housing (11), intermediate to the transducer elements (13) and the communications means (16). Each of the tuning inductances (14) is at one end electrically coupled to an associated transducer element (13) and at the other end electrically coupled to the communications means (16). The purpose of the tuning inductances is brought to light with reference to FIG. 7 which is an equivalent model (70) of an operating transducer element (13). Here R represents the dampening resistance (71) of the transducer element (13). It is known in the art that the maximum electrical and acoustic sensitivity for a transducer occurs when it is operated at resonance. That is to say when the capacitive and inductive elements (i.e., the reactive elements) of a transducer are of values such that the impedance, Zres (72), as seen from outside the model, is purely resistive, the transducer is operating at maximal electric and acoustic sensitivity. It is well known in the art that such a situation arises when the reactance of the inductive elements of the model equals the reactance of the capacitive elements of the model. Mathematically, that is ##EQU1## Where L is the tuning inductance (14), C is the sum of the transducer capacitance Ct (73) and the cable capacitance Cc (74), and ω is the thickness-mode resonance frequency (in rads/sec) of the piezo-electric element (43) of the transducer element (13). By substituting the fact that ω=2πf, where f is the thickness-mode frequency (in Hertz) of the piezo-electric element (43), and solving for L, we arrive at the equation used to design for the tuning inductances of the present invention: ##EQU2##
The transducer array (10) is operably coupled by communications means (16), for example one or more cables, to the dam acquisition unit (20). The communication means (16) is at one end electrically connected to the plurality of tuning inductances (14) and at the other end electrically connected to elements of the data acquisition unit (20) which will be described in more detail below. It should also be understood that any of a number of communications means (16) could be employed. FIG. 8 illustrates only a few possibilities for this purpose. For example, there are many well known wireless technologies that could easily be used by one skilled in the art to accomplish this task. Such technologies include but are not limited to infrared (82), microwave (83), and radio frequency (RF) (84). The use of wire (81) is also shown as a communication means (16).
Returning to FIG. 1, the data acquisition unit (20) is contained within a housing (21) which is constructed of a durable material such as shock-resistant plastic or metal. The size and shape of the housing (21) is such that the data acquisition unit (20) may be held in the hand of a typical user.
Turning now to FIG. 9, which is a block diagram of the data acquisition unit, the data acquisition unit (20) comprises both an ultrasound signal processing portion (90) and a user interface portion (93). Generally, the purpose of the ultrasound signal processing portion (90) is to generate, send, receive, and record in a useful way, ultrasound signals. The user interface portion (93) provides a means for the user of the apparatus to control the way in which such signals are processed and further to handle data which are gathered. The operation of these portions will now be described in detail.
The ultrasound signal processing portion (90) comprises a microcontroller unit (MCU) (91), a control logic circuit segment (92), a pulser circuit segment (100), and a signal receiving segment (110).
The MCU (91) is responsible for the control of the ultrasound signal processing portion (90). Many of the elements within the remainder of the ultrasound signal processing portion (90) have control characteristics which are not directly compatible with the MCU (91). Therefore control logic circuits (92) are provided. The control logic circuits (92) receive instructions from the MCU (91) in a particular binary format and then control their respective elements of the ultrasound signal processing potion (90) in a predetermined way which carries out the instructions of the MCU (91). With this in mind, any references hereinafter to actions of the MCU (91) carried out in conjunction with other elements of the ultrasound signal processing portion (90) shall be understood to have been carried out via the control logic circuits (92).
A detail of the pulser circuit segment (100) is illustrated schematically in FIG. 10. An addressable latch (101) is provided which allows the MCU (91) to select, via control lines (102), one of a plurality of equivalent pulsing circuits (103). Each pulsing circuit (103) is operably coupled to an individual transducer element (13) via the communication means (16). For the sake of simplicity, only one of these pulsing circuits (103) is shown.
The main components of the pulsing circuit (103) are a switching transistor (104) and a pulsing capacitor (105). Resistors (106) are also provided for purposes of biasing the switching transistor (104). A coupling capacitor (109) is provided as well. When the pulsing circuit (103) is not being used, the switching transistor (104) is not conducting current. This causes the charging voltage (107) to bring the pulsing capacitor (105) to an equal voltage. That is to say the pulsing capacitor (105) becomes charged. When the MCU (91) selects the pulser circuit (103) from among the other equivalent pulsing circuits (103) and subsequently sends a pulse signal (108), the switching transistor (104) of the selected pulsing circuit (103) conducts electric current, and the pulsing capacitor (105) discharges causing a pulsing current Ip (1013) to stimulate the transducer element (13). The piezo-electric element (43) of the transducer element (13) mechanically deforms as a result of this electrical stimulation and an ultrasound wave (1010) results. Repeated stimulation of the transducer elements (13) causes a series of ultrasound waves (1010) to be produced thereby creating an outgoing ultrasound signal (1011). As the transducer elements (13) are arranged within the housing (11) of the transducer array (10) as previously described, the outgoing ultrasound signals (1011) are readily directed into the carcass (1). The transducer elements (13) are intended to be brought into direct contact with the carcass (1); however, a separation is shown in FIG. 10 for clarity of illustration.
The reflected ultrasound signal (1012) returning from the carcass (1) is detected by the transducer element (13). This detection is in the form of a mechanical deformation of the piezo-electric element (43) of the transducer element (13) which results in an electric signal Ir (1014) which is representative of the strength of the mechanical deformation and thus the strength of the reflected ultrasound signal (1012). Ir (1014) is passed on, via communication means (16), to the signal receiving segment (110) of the ultrasound signal processing portion (90) of the data acquisition unit (20).
Referring now to FIG. 11, which is a block diagram detail, the signal receiving segment (110) comprises a multiplexer (MUX) (111), an amplifier (112), an analog to digital converter (ADC) (113), and a first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory (114).
The MUX (111) serves as the counterpart to the addressable latch (101) of the pulser circuit segment (100). That is to say electric signals, Ir (1014), which are representative of reflected ultrasound signals (1012) received by individual transducer elements (13) are singly routed from the communications means (16) through the MUX (111) by the MCU (91) to the remaining elements of the signal receiving segment (110).
As each electrical signal Ir (1014) is routed through the MUX (111), it is passed to an amplifier (112). The amplifier (112) serves to increase the amplitude of the electric signal Ir (1014) in order to create an amplified electric signal Ir ' (115). The amplifier (112) is capable of two modes of amplification, high and low, whose functions will be described below.
The amplified electric signal Ir ' (115) is subsequently passed from the amplifier (112) to the ADC (113). Here the amplified electric signal Ir ' (115) is subjected to conversion into a digital form which is suitable for electronic storage. This digital form is a series of binary numbers which have magnitudes representative of the amplitude of the amplified electrical signal Ir ' (115) at serial points in time.
The binary numbers are stored in the FIFO memory (114) as they are generated by the ADC (113). The FIFO memory (114) is capable of storing a predetermined number of binary numbers and is generally filled to or near its capacity before its contents are passed on to other portions of the apparatus for analysis as will be described below.
In a given scan of a particular carcass (1), the MCU (91) will, in turn, cause each transducer element (13) to generate outgoing ultrasound signals (1011) and then digitize and record the corresponding reflected ultrasound signals (1012) in the manner described immediately above. It should be made clear that the pattern of creation of outgoing ultrasound signals (1011) and recordation of reflected ultrasound signals (1012) in the use of the present invention as described immediately above is unimportant so long as the pattern does not create more signals than can be stored by the FIFO memory (114) and the MCU (91) controls the pattern in a known way. For example, the outgoing ultrasound signals (1011) created by the transducer elements (13) may be of the same frequency or of different, individual frequencies or some combination thereof.
Returning now to FIG. 9, the user interface portion (93) of the data acquisition unit (20) comprises a central processing unit (CPU) (94), a keypad (96), and a display (95). The display (95) is preferably of a compact, light-weight construction, such as that provided by the use of liquid crystal technology. The general physical appearance of these elements can be seen in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8.
The CPU (94), keypad (96), and display (95), constitute a hand-held micro-computer. The main operating program of this hand-held microcomputer resides in the memory of the CPU (94) and provides both a user interface program and a data analysis program. The user interface program will be discussed first. The data analysis program is an integral part of the method for tissue characterization and will be described in a later portion of this description.
In the preferred embodiment, the user interface program is "menu driven" meaning that the user is visually provided with a list of options (or "menu") by way of the display (95) from which to choose. These options include various actions which the user may take with respect to the use of the device. For example, some options are concerned with the device per se such as control of the contrast of the display (95) or the status of the power supply (120). Other options are for purposes of initiating an ultrasound scan of a carcass (1). Still other options provide a means for the initiation of analysis, transfer, or deletion of gathered data. These options are selected and executed by the user through the use of the keypad (96).
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the power source (120) of the present invention. The power source (120) is contained within the housing (21) of the data acquisition unit (20) and generally comprises a primary power source (121), a power management IC (122), a digital voltage regulator (123), an analog voltage regulator (124), and a high voltage regulator (125).
The primary power source (121) is typically a battery (or several batteries) which provides direct current to the power management IC (122). The use of battery power in the present invention allows for increased portability of the apparatus as compared, for example, to the use of conventional alternating current (AC) which would necessitate a power cord. However, a particular user might deem the advantage of virtually uninterrupted use of the present invention through conventional AC power more valuable than the portability afforded by battery power which, of course, requires occasional recharging or replacement of the battery. In this case, one skilled in the art could easily provide modifications to the apparatus which would allow AC power to be the primary power source (121).
The power management IC (122) is capable of producing both positive and negative voltages of varying amplitudes. Thus the power management IC (122) is a primary voltage regulator. The power management IC (122) is also capable of monitoring the voltage of the primary power source (121) and passing this information on to the CPU (94) of the data acquisition unit (20). The CPU can then, via the display (95), keep the user appraised of, for example, low battery voltage.
Once the power management IC (122) has performed the primary voltage regulation, voltages of various amplitudes and polarity are available for regulation to very specific levels as required by the various components of the data acquisition unit (20). The digital voltage regulator (123) is a circuit which provides at its output the specific voltage needed for the proper operation of the digital components (e.g., the MCU (91) and control logic segment (92)) whereas the analog voltage regulator (124) provides the voltages necessary for the analog components (e.g., the amplifier (112) of the signal receiving segment (110)). The high voltage regulator (125) provides the charging voltage (107) of the pulsing circuit segment (100). See FIGS. 9, 10, and 11.
Once ultrasound scans of one or more carcasses (1) have been made, the FIFO memory (114) may download its data, which are representative of the results of the one or more scans, to a data analysis program (attached as Appendix 1). For purposes of this discussion, this data analysis program will be understood to be part of the main operating program which resides in the memory of the CPU (94) as described above. However, it should be made clear that the data analysis program could reside in an external location, such as another computer. Such an arrangement would allow the external computer to perform the analysis on gathered data while the apparatus could be used to perform scans on other carcasses (1). Means for downloading the FIFO memory (114) to an external computer could easily be provided by one skilled in the art.
The data analysis program has two functions. First, it provides a method for ascertaining whether or not the transducer array (10) is in a proper position and has made contact with the carcass (1) of sufficient quality to allow clear transmission and reception of ultrasound signals as described above. Generally this is such that the longitudinal axes of the transducer elements (13) are approximately perpendicular to the tissue surface of the carcass (1). Second, the data analysis program characterizes certain qualities of the carcass (1), namely fat percentage and marbleization, based upon the results of an acceptable scan. The methods for accomplishing these tasks will now be described.
References to FIG. 13 will be included in the discussion that follows. FIG. 13a is representation of the data gathered in a scan of a particular carcass (1). This graph is the result of the binary data stored in the FIFO memory (114) being filtered and plotted by the data analysis program. The next step the data analysis program takes is to rectify this waveform thus creating the plot represented by 13b. Once rectified, the signal is integrated mathematically to give an indication of the energy of the reflected ultrasound signal (1012) as is represented by FIG. 13c.
In order to ascertain that good contact has been made, the apparatus first uses the amplifier (112) in high mode to check the energy level (131) of a reflected ultrasound signal (1012) from an anatomical landmark, such as the far wall of the carcass (1). High energy reflections indicate good positioning and contact of the transducer array (10) with respect to the carcass (1) whereas low energy reflections indicate poor contact or positioning. The data analysis program compares the energy level (131) of a particular reflected ultrasound signal (1012) to a predetermined threshold level and a determination of either good or poor transducer array position and contact quality is made. If the position and contact quality is determined to be poor, the user is directed, via the display (95), to reposition the transducer array (10) and initiate a new ultrasound scan.
If the position and contact quality is good, a second scan is made using the amplifier (112) in low mode. This signal is then analyzed in a way similar to that used to ascertain position and contact quality of the transducer array (10). That is, the signal is first digitized, filtered, and rectified. However, an average of this rectified signal over the time of the scan is subsequently taken. The result of this averaging is a dimensionless quantity which is termed "energy index (EI)". The EI is then used to characterize the qualities of the carcass (1) mentioned above. Generally, the higher the EI, the higher the fat percentage; likewise, the higher the EI, the higher the marbleization. When properly calibrated, the apparatus gives particular values for these characteristics to the user via the display (95).
Thus, it can be seen that at least all of the stated objectives have been achieved.
Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
Appendix 1______________________________________DATA ANALYSIS PROGRAM LISTING______________________________________/************************************************************TITLE: Data Analysis ProgramWRITTEN BY: Kyle HollandDATE: 6/93DEPARTMENT: Dept. of Biomedical EngineeringDESCRIPTION: The purpose of this program is to extract an individualcarcass sample out of the binary file uploaded from the TI-78 anddetermine the backscatter energy content of each transducer. Inaddition,the gain type is selected via the keyboard. The data file contains twosetof data with separate gains, 40 dB or 60 dB.************************************************************/#include <stdio.h>#include <math.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <process.h>#include <conio.h>#include <graph.h>#include <io.h>#include <sys\types.h>#include <sys\stat.h>#include <fcntl.h>char gain, sptr, num 20!;signed char g;static unsigned char c, dbuf 2048!, usrecord 6! 2048!;int topblk, i, j, x, y, z, sreg 6!;long rec-- num, sum 6!, sum123, sum456, sum1to6;FILE *fptr;main( )-- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN);-- setvideomode(-- VRES2COLOR);-- setcolor(1);do{do{ -- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN); printf("Enter record number(1-15)"); gets(num); rec-- num = atol(num); printf("%d \n",rec-- num);}while((rec-- num > 15) ∥ (rec-- num < 1));printf("Is Above Information Correct?(y, n or ESC to quit)");c = getch( );}while((c == `N`) ∥ (c == `n`) ∥ (c == 0x0d));if (c == 0x1b)exit(1);do{do{ -- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN); printf("High gain? <Enter y or n> \n"); gain = getch( );}while((gain |=`N`) && (gain |=`n`)&&(gain |=`Y`) &&(gain |=`y`))printf("Is Above Information Correct? (y, n or ESC toquit) \n");c = getch( );}while((c == `N`) ∥ (c == `n`) ∥ (c == 0x0d));if (c == 0xib)exit(1);if ((fptr = fopen("c:\\qc25\\bin.backslash.\car.dat","r+b")) |= NULL){fread(dbuf,1,1024,fptr);topblk = 256*dbuf 0! + dbuf 1!;if ((rec-- num*24) > topblk){ printf("Record Out of Range|\n"); fclose(fptr); exit(1);}fseek(fptr,((rec-- num-1L)*24576L+1024L),SEEK-- SET);if ((gain == `Y`)∥(gain == `y`)){ printf("60 dB Ultrasound records extracted \n"); for (i=0;i;<6;i++) { fread(usrecord i!,1,2048,fptr); fread(dbuf,1,2048,fptr); }}else{ printf("40 dB Ultrasound records extracted \n"); for (i=0;i<6;i++) { fread(dbuf,1,2048,fptr); fread(usrecord i!,1,2048,fptr); }}fclose(fptr);printf("Press any key to continue.\n");while((c=getch( ))==0x00);i=0;while (i<6){ -- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN); -- settextposition(1,1); printf("Record -> %u \n",rec-- num); printf("Transducer -> %u \n",i+1); -- moveto(0,350); -- lineto(639,350); -- moveto(0,350); -- lineto(0,370); -- moveto(0,350-usrecord i! 0!); for(x=0;x<1280;x+=2) { -- lineto(x/2, 350-usrecord i! x!); } sptr=0; x=0; z=i; while ((sptr |= 0x0d)&&(z == i)) { -- settextposition(40,1); print(" "); -- settextposition(40,1); printf("X Pointer at %d",x); sptr=getch( ); switch(sptr) { case `f`: { i++; if (i==6) i=5; break; } case `b`: { i--; if (i==-1) i=0; break; } case 77: { -- setcolor(0); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); if ((x+2)<1280) x+=2; -- setcolor(1); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); break; } case 75: { -- setcolor(0); -- move(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); if ((x-2)>0) x-=2; -- setcolor(1); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); break; } case 54: { -- setcolor(0); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); if ((x+50)<1280) x+=50; -- setcolor(1); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); break; } case 52: { -- setcolor(0); -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); if ((x-50)>0) x-=50; -- setcolor(1): -- moveto(x/2,351); -- lineto(x/2,370); break; } case 13: { i+=1; sreg i!=x; break; } } }}for (i=0;i<6;i++){ sum i!=0; for(j=sreg i!;j<sreg i!+800;j++) sum i! = sum i! + abs(usrecord i! j!-119);}sum123 =(sum 0!+sum 1!+sum 2!)/3;sum456 =(sum 3!+sum 4!+sum 5!)/3;sum1to6 = (sum 0!+sum 1!+sum 2!+sum 3!+sum 4!+sum 5!/6;-- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN);printf("Transducers (1,2,3) Average Energy -> %u \n",sum123);printf("Transducers (4,5,6) Average Energy -> %u \n",sum456);printf("Transducers (1 to 6) Average Energy -> %u \n",sum1to6);while((c=getch( )==0x00);}else{-- clearscreen(-- GCLEARSCREEN);exit(1);}}______________________________________
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Mar 23, 1977
|Aug 15, 1978
|Terrance Matzuk
|Grey-level ultrasonic imaging
|May 8, 1981
|Aug 10, 1982
|Honeywell Inc.
|Ultrasonic transducer
|Jan 8, 1981
|Nov 16, 1982
|Renco Corporation
|Automatic digital backfat meter
|Jan 30, 1984
|Nov 19, 1985
|Imaging Associates
|Hybrid non-invasive ultrasonic imaging system
|Mar 11, 1985
|Aug 5, 1986
|Advanced Technology Laboratories, Inc.
|Circuit for monitoring contact of ultrasound transducer with patient
|Oct 10, 1986
|Nov 22, 1988
|Cornell Research Foundation, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for ultrasonic grading of meat
|Mar 10, 1988
|Feb 20, 1990
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Ultrasonic probe having ultrasonic propagation medium
|Aug 22, 1991
|Aug 25, 1992
|Animal Ultrasound Services, Inc.
|Detection of abnormal bone structure in animals and carcasses with ultrasound
|May 3, 1993
|Mar 14, 1995
|Kansas State University Research Foundation
|System for measurement of intramuscular fat in cattle
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|May 16, 1995
|Wilk; Peter J.
|Medical system and associated method for automatic diagnosis and treatment
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|Jul 25, 1997
|Feb 16, 1999
|Clinton; Robert P.
|Method and apparatus for measuring characteristics of meat
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|Aug 24, 1999
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|Dec 7, 1999
|The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania
|Apparatus for imaging an element within a tissue and method therefor
|Nov 20, 1998
|Sep 12, 2000
|Atl Ultrasound, Inc.
|Ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system with cordless scanhead charger
|Feb 8, 2000
|Jan 2, 2001
|Colorado Seminary
|Ultrasonic system for grading meat
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|Jan 9, 2001
|Robert P. Clinton
|Method and apparatus for measuring the characteristics of meat
|Apr 19, 2000
|Jun 25, 2002
|Peter J. Wilk
|Medical diagnostic device with multiple sensors on a flexible substrate and associated methodology
|Sep 19, 2000
|Feb 25, 2003
|Pearl Technology Holdings, Llc
|Fat layer thickness mapping system to guide liposuction surgery
|Oct 24, 2000
|Mar 4, 2003
|Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V.
|Portable ultrasound system with battery backup for efficient shutdown and restart
|May 30, 2001
|Sep 9, 2003
|Rethel C. King
|Ultrasound sorting of weanling calves and identification of tenderness indicators
|Aug 28, 2000
|Dec 9, 2003
|Philipp Lang
|Technique to measure capillary related interstitial fluid using ultra-sonic methods and devices
|Jul 9, 2003
|Sep 28, 2004
|Rethel C. King
|Ultrasound sorting of weanlings and identification of tenderness indicators
|Mar 11, 2002
|Nov 29, 2005
|Teratech Corporation
|Ultrasound probe with integrated electronics
|Oct 16, 2002
|Mar 7, 2006
|Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique (Inra)
|Method for measuring tension state of a material and uses thereof
|Apr 27, 2006
|Nov 4, 2008
|Ellis James S
|Animal sorting and grading system using an internal evaluation to predict maximum value
|Sep 16, 2003
|Oct 6, 2009
|Wilk Peter J
|Ultrasonic medical device and associated method
|Feb 8, 2007
|Feb 22, 2011
|Penrith Corporation
|Methods for verifying the integrity of probes for ultrasound imaging systems
|Nov 10, 2006
|Jul 26, 2011
|Penrith Corporation
|Transducer array imaging system
|Jul 10, 2007
|Oct 25, 2011
|Bioquantetics, Inc.
|Method and apparatus to quantify specific material properties of objects using real-time ultrasound burst spectrography technique
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|Dec 20, 2011
|Penrith Corporation
|Transducer array imaging system
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|Mar 13, 2012
|Biotronics, Inc.
|Systems, methods and devices for use in assessing fat and muscle depth
|Feb 11, 2011
|Mar 20, 2012
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Methods to deliver high intensity focused ultrasound to target regions proximate blood vessels
|May 1, 2012
|Penrith Corporation
|Transducer array imaging system
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|May 1, 2012
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Systems and methods for ultrasound applicator station keeping
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|Jul 17, 2012
|Penrith Corporation
|Transducer array imaging system
|Feb 11, 2011
|Oct 2, 2012
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Methods and devices to target vascular targets with high intensity focused ultrasound
|Oct 23, 2012
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Method and system to inhibit a function of a nerve traveling with an artery
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|Nov 20, 2012
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Sep 26, 2011
|Feb 12, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|System and method for treating a therapeutic site
|Feb 1, 2011
|Feb 12, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Nerve treatment system
|Jan 21, 2011
|Mar 5, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Methods and apparatus for focused ultrasound application
|May 5, 2009
|May 21, 2013
|Biotronics, Inc.
|Systems, methods and devices for using ultrasonic probe pressure information in assessing muscle tissue quality
|Mar 15, 2011
|Jun 25, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|May 5, 2009
|Jun 25, 2013
|Biotronics, Inc.
|Systems, methods and devices for use in filter-based assessment of carcass grading
|Nov 10, 2006
|Jul 23, 2013
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|May 5, 2009
|Jul 23, 2013
|Biotronics, Inc.
|Systems, methods and devices for use in assessing carcass grading
|Nov 10, 2006
|Aug 6, 2013
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Jul 9, 2012
|Aug 6, 2013
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Apr 10, 2008
|Aug 6, 2013
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Low power ultrasound system
|Jun 27, 2012
|Aug 20, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|Mar 15, 2011
|Aug 27, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|Dec 13, 2010
|Oct 15, 2013
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Flow directed heating of nervous structures
|Nov 10, 2006
|Dec 3, 2013
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Oct 8, 2008
|Jan 7, 2014
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Controlled high efficiency lesion formation using high intensity ultrasound
|Nov 10, 2006
|Feb 25, 2014
|Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Apr 12, 2012
|May 6, 2014
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Methods and devices to modulate the autonomic nervous system with ultrasound
|Mar 15, 2011
|Mar 24, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|Mar 15, 2011
|Mar 24, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|Jun 14, 2012
|Mar 31, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|May 19, 2011
|Apr 14, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|External autonomic modulation
|Nov 10, 2006
|Jul 21, 2015
|Siemens Medical Solution Usa, Inc.
|Transducer array imaging system
|Apr 20, 2011
|Sep 1, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Energetic modulation of nerves
|Oct 29, 2012
|Sep 1, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|Methods and devices to modulate the autonomic nervous system via the carotid body or carotid sinus
|Dec 6, 2013
|Sep 8, 2015
|Kona Medical, Inc.
|External autonomic modulation
|Oct 9, 2003
|Jul 1, 2004
|Philipp Lang
|Measurement of capillary related interstitial fluid using ultrasound methods and devices
|Oct 16, 2002
|Dec 9, 2004
|Philippe Pourcelot
|Method for measuring tension state of a material and uses thereof
|Sep 16, 2003
|Jan 27, 2005
|Wilk Ultrasound Of Canada, Inc.
|Ultrasonic medical device and associated method
|Jun 19, 2006
|Oct 19, 2006
|Lee Weng
|Ultrasound transducers for imaging and therapy
|Apr 4, 2013
|Dec 12, 2013
|Fujifilm Sonosite, Inc.
|Balance body ultrasound system
|Nov 10, 1998
|May 27, 1999
|Colorado Seminary
|Ultrasonic system for grading meat
|Nov 18, 1999
|Jun 2, 2000
|Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
|Ultrasonic diagnostic imaging with cordless scanhead transmission system
|Nov 18, 1999
|Jun 2, 2000
|Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv
|Ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system with cordless scanhead charger
|Oct 16, 2002
|Apr 24, 2003
|Agronomique Inst Nat Rech
|Method for measuring tension state of a material and uses thereof
|U.S. Classification
|600/437, 600/449
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 17, 1995
Owner name: IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC., I
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HOLLAND, KYLE H.;CARLSON, DAVID L.;REEL/FRAME:007442/0819;SIGNING DATES FROM 19950220 TO 19950222
|Feb 27, 2001
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 9, 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|Apr 6, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Is this restaurant family-friendly?
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Does this restaurant serve Polish food?
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Definately the prettiest Waitresses in the area, of course being a Polish Pub Restaurant they are all Polish, great!
Visited again, no change! Great (very filling) food, good beer and the Polnische Fahne are fantastic. We took 2 Polish friends and they were very impressed. Our waitress Natalia was very efficient and friendly. Just go there
Eating at Gdanska is a pleasure if you like Polish food, it's definitely not light food but very tasty and good value for money.
I have been here with work colleagues several times and the food will not let you down.
Music can be on some days Jazz only but on other days there is room for more variety.
When you visit Oberhausen you will not go wrong picking a restaurant. The whole town is fun and exciting, especially around Christmas and in the warmer months. The mall is a blast. The rides and places to eat will be a time to remember.
A great place to go for an evening of jazz music and good traditional Polish food. The staff was attentive and friendly and the music was great. The prices are reasonable and I would definitely go there again. I would recommend this restaurant to anyone if you are in Oberhausen or anywhere nearby.
This restaurant offers good food accompanied by jazz music, art in a very cozy style. Its definitely worth visiting if your interested in having a nice night out for all your senses.
Our 2nd visit and we were not disappointed, good hearty food, excellent friendly service ( It probably helps having a pole in our party) and if you like alcohol have a Polish flag its tremendous.
Having never eaten Polish food before I was keen to try but a little apprehensive at the prospect of a menu in German or Polish, however they did have an English translation (a good start). The food was hearty and wholesome, the pork knuckle is not for the faint hearted. The Polish beer was good and the vodka selection was...
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Orion, Dec 30, 2010 - History - 240 pages
A trailblazing study of the social bandit or rebel
BANDITS is a study of the social bandit or bandit-rebel - robbers and outlaws who are not regarded by public opinion as simple criminals, but rather as champions of social justice, as avengers or as primitive resistance fighters. Whether Balkan haiduks, Indian dacoits or Brazilian congaceiros, their spectacular exploits have been celebrated and preserved in story and myth. Some are only know to their fellow countrymen; others such as Rob Roy, Robin Hood and Jesse James are famous throughout the world. First published in 1969, BANDITS inspired a new field of historical study: bandit history.
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Review: BanditsUser Review - Sinan �ner - Goodreads
I read this history book of social history of Europe, I liked. Read full review
Review: BanditsUser Review - Michael Holland - Goodreads
Interesting ramble around the bandit as a phenomenon from mainly rural peasant societies. Looks at the roles played by Expropriators, Haiduks, Avengers, Noble Robbers, and more. It is in the chapters ... Read full review


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The Residence Les Ecrins
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Plenty of Mussels in Brussels!
... is located. It was founded in 580 by Saint Geary, the Bishop of Cambrai. It has been ruled by France and Austria and was occupied by the Germans in both World War 1 and World War 11. Luckily Brussels escaped both wars with little damage. Although we have only come across people speaking French, both French and Dutch are the official languages.
We visited some remarkable buildings in the Grand-Place (Market Place) which is in the centre of the Old Town. It has been ...
A Beauty Day in Brussels
... give Manneken Pis a playmate. This other statue is a little girl fountain, but she is lesser known and hides in an alleyway a short distance away from Mannekin Pis. And she does not pee standing up!!! Haha.
After the tour, I went to see the Atomium – the symbol of Brussels built in 1958 for the World Expo. Standing at 102 metres with 9 spheres connected by 20 tubes. It was ...
Brussels - Everything Smells Like Breakfast
Immediately upon arriving at Brussels central train station you're greeted with the sweet smell of waffles. Belgian waffles, they're called Brussels waffles here, and they're sold everywhere. There are waffle specialty shops, there are waffles trucks, and waffles are offered in all restaurants. They are delicious. I ...
Crime at the Museum
Since the National Library is closed on Sundays and holidays, we have two whole days with Joe in Brussels this trip. We spent our first one well. We started out at the Royal Museum of Art and History. This is not a museum that I originally planned to visit because, frankly, walking through any non-children's museum with a four-year-old and a nine-year-old is chancy. However, when I was researching second-string activities to do with children in ...
Chilling in Brussels
... from the hotel and walked to the North station to catch my train. The first train, to Cologne, had a car with broken A/C (where my reservation was, of course) so I sat on the accordian-style connector between two cars for two hours. My train in Cologne was late by 45 minutes, but they wouldn't tell us why or how long it was going to be. I sat on the platform waiting for the train, afraid to go into the station for dinner, until it got there. When I got ...


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should_not render_with_layout can be flaky. For example, asserting that an XHR request doesn't have a layout could fail if the request renders an email template that does have a layout. These matchers are not very sophisticated, mostly doing string matching, not real template resolution.
Since the models are all built beforehand, it's tricky to write tests that make assertions about relative time. There were a variety of suggestions. You can write all the tests relative to a model:
some_time.should == model.created_at - 3.days. You can wrap the entire suite and fixture generation in a Timecop block, but you'll have to deal with losing that context whenever any test calls
Typically you want to separate fixtures into smaller files. But, you also often want to reference objects in other files, for example so you can assign a user from
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Congratulations on being elected for a second term as president of the United States. We are praying for you and the new Congress. We share the prayer of David in Psalm 72: "May he defend the cause of the poor of the people [and] give deliverance to the needy."
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Project shyKnight is an oldschool style platformer.
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Film: The Millers Beautiful Wife
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Publisher's Description+
Town Compass® presents The 2003 World Almanac - College Sports.
Whether you are a sports fan, writer, historian, or just need immediate access to a variety of college sports information, you will find this database fast, comprehensive and extremely valuable. Loaded with lists, records, winners, and more. Put authority in your pocket! The Database contains:
- Full-color Cover Page, Storage Card Compatibility, Searchable Records, Interactive Quizzes
- Baseball, including NCAA Champions
- Basketball, including 2001-02 NCAA Division I Conference Standings, All-Time Winningest Division I Teams by Percentage, NIT Champions, 2002 NCAA Tournament Results, 2002 NCAA Tournament Highlights, NCAA Division I Champions, Top Division I Career Scorers, John R. Wooden Award Winners, Leading NCAA Tournament Coaching Victories, 2002 Women's NCAA Tournament Highlights, Women's NCAA Division I Champions, Wade Trophy Winners, Top Division I Women's Career Scorers, and 2002 Women's NCAA Tournament Results
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Some Jefferson County teachers are upset after their names were included without their knowledge in a political advertisement sent to approximately 50,000 voters by the Jefferson County Teachers Association. [WDRB]
A record 548,815 people are registered to vote in Jefferson County in the general election Tuesday, Nov. 4, newly released figures by the Jefferson County clerk's office and the county Board of Elections show. [C-J/AKN]
Another day, another fun JCPS bus accident. [WHAS11]
After the 2014 Kentucky Derby, Churchill Downs was hit with backlash from some unhappy owners who felt they'd been given less than VIP treatment so the racetrack has a plan to fix that. [H-L]
WARNING! RIDICULOUS AUTOPLAY VIDEO! A young man gunned down behind a West Louisville home leaves police searching for a suspect, and an outraged community is demanding justice. [WLKY]
Why it matters that PetSmart discriminates against Pit Bulls. [HuffPo]
The three candidates trying to win the Clark County sheriff race say improving low morale and attacking drug crimes are critical issues facing an agency rocked by scandal this summer. [WAVE3]
Attorney General Jack Conway and his Office of Victims Advocacy, along with University of Kentucky professor TK Logan and fellow members of the Statewide Domestic Violence Fatality Review Committee, released the Domestic Violence Special Report: Kentucky 2010 Homicides. [Press Release]
Kynect cannot survive without the Affordable Care Act, according to its director and a Kentucky public health educator. [WFPL]
Bellarmine University economics and finance professors will draw upon lessons of previous recessions to offer advice for consumers and investors about the current economic recovery during a forum on Thursday, November 6, at 5:30 p.m. [Bellarmine]
The Kentucky Economic Development Finance Authority has granted preliminary approval for tax increment financing toward construction of the 150-room boutique hotel, which has been proposed on a vacant lot at Shelby and Market Streets in the NuLu district of Louisville. [Business First]
The Nawbny paper has a pretty solid 2014 general election voter guide. [News & Tribune]
GREG FISCHER PEE ALERT! Greg Fischer is now trying to spin in order to detract from negative press. He put out a release yesterday in an attempt to appear transparent and featured alleged Animal Services numbers that we already know to be… mythical, to say the least. [Metro Government]


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Memphis Grizzlies v Oklahoma City Thunder - Game Five
Marc Gasol of the Memphis Grizzlies makes a shot late in the fourth... News PhotoBasketball - Sport,Fourth Quarter - Sport,Full Length,Game Five,Horizontal,Kevin Durant,Making a Basket,Marc Gasol,Memphis Grizzlies,NBA Playoffs,NBA Pro Basketball,Oklahoma City,Oklahoma City Arena,Oklahoma City Thunder - Basketball Team,Playoffs,Semifinal Round,Sport,Taking a Shot - Sport,USA,Western Conference NBAPhotographer Layne MurdochCollection: National Basketball Association 2013 NBAEOKLAHOMA CITY, OK - MAY 15: Marc Gasol #33 of the Memphis Grizzlies makes a shot late in the fourth quarter against Kevin Durant #35 of the Oklahoma City Thunder in Game Five of the Western Conference Semifinals during the 2013 NBA Playoffs on May 15, 2013 at the Chesapeake Energy Arena in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, User is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. Mandatory Copyright Notice: Copyright 2013 NBAE (Photo by Layne Murdoch/NBAE via Getty Images)


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Horses for Sale or Lease - Clydesdales in Georgia
Find Clydesdales for sale in our Georgia horse for sale ads. Search by area, discipline, color, and more.
Do you have a Clydesdale for sale in Georgia? Post your GA Clydesdale for sale ad - free!
> Clydesdale / Quarter Horse
Beautiful Buckskin Draft Cross Filly
Clydesdale/Quarter Horse - 2yo Buckskin Mare
Commerce, GA
> Clydesdale / Shire
big sweet fella, anyone can ride him, he gone where ever you point his head.
Clydesdale/Shire - 16yo 17h Bay Gelding
Buford, GA
> Clydesdale / Percheron
Tiny, the not so tiny Clydesdale cross for lease!!
Clydesdale/Percheron - 13yo 17h Bay Gelding
Buford, GA


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Hot answers tagged fruit
A good starting point for fruit additions in 1lb/gl. Strawberries are pretty subtle, though. I added 7.5lb to 5gl of blonde this summer, and the flavor was easily noticable without being overpowering.
Clones of 21st Amendment Hell or High Watermelon wheat beer tend to add it late in primary or in secondary. Make your beer about 1/8th watermelon, and add everything.
Temperature would be my first bet. You didn't mention what temperature you experienced during your primary fermentation. If your temperature was appropriate for the champagne yeast, then my next bet would be that your OG was not very high; therefore your yeast ate up what little sugar was present in a comparatively short time. Did you augment the bananas ...
No. If you wait an extended period of time you can get autolysis from yeast and get some off flavors. But it would be a lot longer. If I were you I would add the fruit to secondary. Boiling will only take away from the aroma and flavor of the fruit. They probably suggest this to avoid contamination. As long as you have good sanitation I wouldn't worry about ...
I made a Strawberry Saison last Summer and the 1lb/per gallon was a nice subtle flavor, but I think I may raise the to 1.5 pounds next time. Also, I used frozen strawberries which I gently crushed. Let them thaw a bit at the bottom of the secondary and then racked on top of them. The beer was able to use all of the fruit this way.
We did some fruit pale ales last year with dehydrated fruit. We have a dehydrator and dried the fruit at 165 to kill off baddies and sealed it up till use. We did pineapple, kiwis, strawberries and chili peppers, non had any infection, even 6 months after. So it's an idea. Also the strawberry tasted amazing!
You absolutely can. I do it all the time and have done it dozens of times. No problem at all.
Lactose. It's unfermented by standard brewing yeasts and leaves residual sweetness in the bottle/keg. And it doesn't take much to sweeten a brew. To figure out how much you need, mix lactose 1-to-1 by volume with boiling water and siphon off about 4 oz of your beer, then add the sweetener by the mL until it's the sweetness you want. Multiply to your volume, ...
Black malts usually contribute a roasty flavor and color enhancement. As far as I know, they shouldn't impart a fruity flavor. Caramel malts, on the other hand, do. Check your caramalts. Common flavor descriptions for roasted caramel malts between 80L and 120L are "raisin, plum, prunes, burnt sugar". See Castle Malting's Château Special B or Briess's ...
That's a very quick response - was there still a lot of yeast in suspension? Keep that fermention covered any way you can - fruit flies are going to lose their minds over this stuff. I suggest a blowoff tube going into some sanitizer.
It is ultimately subjective, but historical tradition and commercial success does suggest there's an objective aspect, too. These are some of the things I've seen and/or experienced that work better/more accessibly than others: Blonde ale (Strawberry blonde, &c.) Hefeweissen/wheat ale Berliner Weisse (traditionally with a shot of woodruff or raspberry ...
Definitely not a bock...you want something that doesn't have a lot of flavor on it's own, generally (although I have added chanterelle mushrooms to a wee heavy). Good bases for fruit beers are something like A. wheat (not hefeweizen), or a blond ale. Things that won't conflict with the fruit.
I just made a watermelon wheat that came out great. The process involved first juicing the watermelon to separate the pulp. Then I added the juice to my sparge water so the watermelon flavor and sugars would be incorporated into the boil. The pulp was later added to the secondary to impart even more watermelon flavor. Overall, it was a lot of work but worth ...
Add some boiled Bicarbonate of Soda, that will drop the Ph, start with one tsp in about 50ml. Aim to get the Ph to around a bit above 4 and then you should be OK.
Your must is basically simple sugar and entirely fermentable. Your temps may be a little high so the yeast worked quickly. I'd be sure to leave the whole thing for a couple weeks to allow the yeast time to clean up some of the bi-products of fermentation. Then I'd rack to a new container for a longer aging period. Taste it then to see how it tastes. If ...
Depends on the fruit. In The Art of Fermentation, Sandor Katz lists some fruits that will tend to go bad if they're left in the ferment for very long--soft fruits, like cantaloupe, watermelon, papayas, and bananas are the examples he gave.
Fresh cider that is not pasteurized, treated with UV light, or another sterilization method can have wild yeast and bacteria present. These microbes can spoil your cider. Potassium sorbate is used to prevent yeast from reproducing. By itself, it does not kill yeast or bacteria. Potassium metabisulfite should be used in addition to produce a stable cider. ...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible


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Eva = Meduka = Lain = Edgy, but not cool. …
Comment on Top 20 Coolest Anime by Anonymous:
Eva = Meduka = Lain = Edgy, but not cool.
Anonymous made other comments on this post:
- Top 20 Coolest Anime:
>Tiger & Bunny >cool HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA!!!!!!!!!!!!!
- Top 20 Coolest Anime:
Star driver? make a robot look totally gay is cool? lol wtf happen to this world. Pd: I remembed Scryed more to the opening who looks like a Ricky Martin song
- Top 20 Coolest Anime:
were trigun at
- Top 20 Coolest Anime:
I agree, Scryed was horrible. The premise looked interesting at the start, but they pretty much failed at everything, from the art to the writing. I kept watching it, thinking it was sure to get better, but it just kept getting worse as the series progressed. Then, it ended terribly.
- Top 20 Coolest Anime:
Actually, it's pretty terrible.
Recent comments by Anonymous:
- Shomin Sample Rock Hard Comedy:
It's narrow mined fuckheads like you are the reason why the anime fandom is shit.
- KanColle Kai Trailer Packing Serious Heat:
Why are you even here?
- Shomin Sample Rock Hard Comedy:
dude just because you dont like a series doesnt mean everyone shouldnt like it too. everyone has their own interests and fetishes and you cant do anything about that
- Shomin Sample Rock Hard Comedy:
And theres not a damn thing anyone here in sancom can do about it. we take it or leave it
- Shomin Sample Rock Hard Comedy:
How does me liking a series causes them to make more like it? I dont buy DVDs or the manga. I just watch or download online like the millions outside of Japan. I aint wasting my money on stuff that I could get for free. Blame the Japanese its their money thats making it happen. Again if you dont like it then stay away from it. Its common sense if you actually have it, dumbass


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We stayed in this motel for 2 nights, and even though it is quite close to the road, the room was very quiet- Comfortable, spacious and reasonably close to shops and bus stop. Staff were very helpful and nothing was too much trouble- very nice!!
We stayed in this motel for 2 nights, and even though it is quite close to the road, the room was very quiet- Comfortable, spacious and reasonably close to shops and bus stop. Staff were very helpful and nothing was too much trouble- very nice!!
I stayed here for 2 night...Good motel and Great location..Bus stop only 2 mins away and you have restaurants /supermarket just 5 mins walk ...Also the staff are great ,helpful nice and flexible.....Good affordable price too.
We stayed at Moody's Motel on Saturday 16th May. Rooms are very clean & functional . They looked like the have just been renovated. Great location & value for money. Will highly recommend this motel to our friends.
Moodys location is an easy walk to Blairgowrie shops and to the beach. The room was clean and functional and had all the things one could expect for this price. the best thing being something I haven't seen in years an electric blanket
Stayed in triple share room which was clean and comfortable. Appears to be recently renovated. Reception staff let me check in early as I was out until late that evening. Good value for money given its location.
We paid $230 for 1 night in the "Family Suite". Ridiculously priced given this is a mediocre motel in a small beach-side suburb. It seems the owner's a more interested in taking advantage of the lack of accommodation in Mornington Peninsula, than charging fair value. This was the smallest bed we have ever slept in, barely a double. The mattress... More
Clean room, large ensuite and shower. Good wifi service. Very accomodating receptionist due to our late arrival time. Close to nearby shops, cafe and beach.Thanks for a good start to the weekend. We will back in the future.
Great motel over all! Decent clean room, hot water system is fantastic ! Rest room has got huge mirrors with natural light coming thru. Decent hairdryer too ! fairly fast WiFi connection and its free !I'm impressed! Definitely going to stay here again. Only downside is motel is right next to a gas servo, that's all.... But motel is right... More
This is a great location. The bus is on the door step & the staff are very friendly. I have stayed here before & is very comfy & cosy. The bay is across the rd for walks & has a great selection of foods & restaurants walking distance down the rd. I hope to come here again soon.
The room was very clean and had everything you needed to enjoy a stay, but the room was very small. Not much room between the end of the bed and a bench coming out off the wall. No actual table to sit at ( just the bench ). The shower was very good, hot water and great pressure. The laundry... More
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Mariposa Food Co-op strives to provide residents of West Philadelphia and beyond with access to and information about food, especially healthy, locally-grown or otherwise sustainably-produced products. Our primary activity is running a food co-op owned by those who shop there, who actively participate in its governance and operations on an egalitarian consensus-seeking basis.
To do this requires skilled and passionate staff members. If you believe in the power of collective ownership and want to contribute to one of Baltimore Avenue's fastest growing organizations, then come be a part of the Mariposa community.
Mariposa Food Co-op is an equal opportunity employer.
Grocery Stocker-Receiver
Date of Posting: 27 July, 2015
Salary: Level 1
Hours: 20-35
Job Summary: To receive, stock, and promote products to meet overall sales objectives and, is an active member of the Staff Collective.
Key Responsibilities and Accountabilities
- Exceptional interpersonal skills including customer service, conflict resolution, creative problem solving, crisis prevention and de-escalation, critical thinking, and decision making
- Receiving and stocking packaged/canned, bulk, refrigerated/frozen, bakery, wellness products
- Maintaining clean, attractive, well-stocked and rotated displays throughout the department
- Providing prompt and courteous assistance to members and shoppers- fielding questions about the coop and products, assisting with shopping needs, etc.
- Work within a team of other grocery staff (supporting each other around covering shifts, taking breaks and rotating responsibilities
- Supervision and support of volunteer working members on assorted department tasks
- Prior experience in a retail grocery department
- Familiarity with natural foods ,sustainable distribution practices, and relevant terms and classifications
- Excellent verbal and written communication skills, ability to give clear instructions
- Customer service oriented, prior experience with customer assistance and communication
- Must be able to fulfill the physical requirements of the job –standing for up to 8 hours, lifting 50-60 lbs., working in cold and wet environments
Additional Qualifications:
- Supervision of volunteers and/or training others
- Knowledge of agriculture, growing methods (organic, IPM, etc), local foods and suppliers
- Knowledge of Cooperative Grocery principles and experience working in a cooperative environment
This position reports to the Grocery Coordinator and the Staff Collective.
This position description is a summary of the typical functions of the job, not an exhaustive or comprehensive list of all possible job responsibilities, tasks, and duties. The responsibilities, tasks, and duties of the jobholder might differ from those outlined in the job description and other duties, as assigned, might be part of the job.
Purchasing Coordinator
Date of Posting: 16 June, 2015
Salary: Level 4
Hours: Full time 35+ hours per week
The Purchasing Coordinator works closely with all buyers to bottom-line systems around purchasing and merchandising at Mariposa. The Grocery Coordinator is the Purchasing Coordinator's Home Department Coordinator, who is responsible for their evaluations and scheduling. The Purchasing Assistant is directly accountable to the Purchasing Coordinator.
Key Responsibilities and Accountabilities
- Establishes standard metrics for department sales, margins, and turns, with a system of regular evaluations and accountability with buyers based on the metrics.
- Assists buyers to plan and implement store-wide strategies on product locations and store layouts which optimize sales volume, shopping ease, and operational efficiency.
- Creates system and schedule for regular category reviews in all non-produce store categories. This includes pricing, promotions, placement and product line.
- Implements category review system with buyers, prioritizing categories in the most need of attention.
- Works with buyers to create pricing strategies by department and sub department.
- Bottom-lines setting and monitoring target department margins.
- Coordinates with buyers to ensure POS data is entered and maintained.
- Convenes regular buyers' meetings, or supports convener.
- Creates and implements product promotional programs in coordination with Design and Communications Assistant and M&M department.
- Acts as NCGA liaison for Co-op Deals program.
- Supervises POS training for buyers, and creates guides/manuals as needed. Point person for back-end POS issues.
- Updates all vendor costs at least quarterly, with assistance of Purchasing Assistant, flagging price changes in need of attention.
- Submits weekly SPINS report.
Key Skills and Abilities
- Experience with natural foods purchasing, preferably in multiple departments
- Understanding of wholesale food business
- Ability to manage and control inventory
- Experience using and manipulating relevant data, including sales, margins, turnover.
- Exhibited ability to work well in a team setting, and experience in a leadership capacity
- Proven understanding of and ability to uphold personnel and operational policies and procedures
- Strong two-way verbal and written communications skills
- Attention to detail and good organizational skills
- Demonstrated ability to multi-task and remain calm under stress
- Demonstrated ability to work independently and exercise independent judgment
- Exhibited ability to follow through on commitments
- Computer literate, including Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel and web based applications
Physical Requirements
- Climbing stairs, bending, sitting, reaching
- Fine motor skills needed
- Specific vision ability: close vision and adjust focus
- Ability to lift up to 10 lbs.
This position reports to the Grocery Coordinator and Staff Collective. This position description is a summary of the typical functions of the job, not an exhaustive or comprehensive list of all possible job responsibilities, tasks, and duties. The responsibilities, tasks, and duties of the jobholder might differ from those outlined in the job description and other duties, as assigned, might be part of the job.Take me to the top!
At Mariposa, we are always looking for talented and passionate people! If you are interested in applying for a job, please fill out this form. If you have any questions, please email email@example.com


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Q Do you like Senator Thune?
THE VICE PRESIDENT: I do. I hunt with the Senator -- he's a courageous
Q Do you like Paul Ryan?
THE VICE PRESIDENT: Who, Paul Ryan? Sure -- Wisconsin.
Q Can we just posit to you on Iraq, and that is, Mr. Vice President, on January 20, 2009 -- you get the afternoon off that day -- what is your best case for how Iraq will look, and how many troops do you think we'll have in Iraq?
THE VICE PRESIDENT: I'm not going to make that forecast in terms of troop levels. I think what Dave Petraeus has been able to do, based on the decision the President made a little less than a year ago, has been the -- I think it's a remarkable success story; one of those military operations that will be studied for many, many years to come.
We've still got a lot of work to do. We're sort of halfway through the surge, in a sense, and will be going back to pre-surge levels over the course of the next year. Now, where exactly we'll end up a year from now is going to be based on recommendations from General Petraeus and the chiefs, and the President will make his decision as to what he thinks is appropriate. But I am fairly confident that we'll have Iran in a good place where we'll be able to look back on it and say that was the right decision, it was a sound decision to go into Iraq, that -- I meant Iraq earlier -- did I say Iran?
Q Yes, sir --
THE VICE PRESIDENT: -- that we have, in fact, achieved our objective in
terms of having a self-governing Iraq that's capable for the most part of
defending themselves, a democracy in the heart of the Middle East, and a
nation that will be a positive force and influence, if you will, in the
future in terms of events and developments in that part of the world. I
think it will be a major success story.
Q All this by
|SOURCE White House Press Office
Copyright©2007 PR Newswire.
All rights reserved


text:
The 6-5 senior can play multiple positions for the Dons and will join former coach Frank Allocco and head coach Rex Walters on the Hilltop.
Off the radar on the Alaskan island of St. Lawrence, the Gambell High School junior might be the most spectacular player college coaches have never seen.
Big day for the Wolfpack as No. 5 overall player in 2016 class makes pledge.
MacArthur (Irving, Texas) star in Tucson for official visit this weekend.
Blue Devils add to riches in 2016 recruiting class with verbal from high-scoring Utah star.
Can commitments from Daejon Davis, Markelle Fultz and Jontay Porter help rejuvenate UW?
Wesleyan Christian Academy star picks Scarlet Knights over the likes of Clemson, Florida State, Kansas State and Wake Forest.
Anthony Sadler and two servicemen lauded as heroes by President Obama.
Slideshow highlights amazing images taken by our network of freelance photographers around the nation.
In-state rivals Auburn, Alabama making hoops headlines with verbals from five-star guards Terrance Ferguson and Mustapha Heron.
Arizona big man to jump ship to new basketball academy Hillcrest Hoops in Phoenix.
MaxPreps All-American guard stuns recruiting world by picking Bruce Pearl's upstart Tigers over Alabama, Marquette, Mississippi State and St. John's.
Atlanta big man gets nod from noted writer after starring for Georgia Stars, USA Basketball.
Jayson Tatum, Harry Giles and Miles Bridges among high school basketball stars passing on Under Armour Elite 24 for Nike-sponsored Bahamas trip.
Target of power programs like NC State, Duke, Kentucky and North Carolina injured at adidas Nations.
Huntington St. Joseph Prep star goes big in Las Vegas.
Following in the footsteps of older brothers Lonzo and LiAngelo, Chino Hills freshman LaMelo Ball announces intentions to play for Bruins.
November college basketball contest between UC Irvine and UCF to feature two of the sport's tallest centers.
Michigan native regains No. 1 spot in 247Sports Composite.
Legendary head coach Steve Smith adds nation's top forward to 2014-15 roster.
Lonzo, LiAngelo and LaMelo Ball tally 174 total points in two games Thursday at adidas Summer Championships.
North Carolina's Roy Williams on hand to see in-state point guard in action.
After limited role with Spurs as a rookie, former St. Anthony star gets chance to shine in Las Vegas.
See which schools are left in the heavyweight recruiting battle for the North Carolina forward.
The NBA's top draft pick tells MaxPreps the last 361 days have been 'crazy.'
European squad on American tournament circuit features six players over 6-foot-8.
Record-setting quarterback and record-setting sprinter take home top prize at lavish event in Los Angeles.
Sierra Canyon and Oakland Soldiers guard is gaining plenty of fans this summer — including Kansas head coach Bill Self.
St. Louis star ends impressive week with verbal to Blue Devils.
Nation's top prospect attacking the rim at EYBL finals.
Two of the nation's top five rising senior basketball prospects could be headed for the same college.
Rare footage of Michael Jordan playing high school basketball.
Miller Grove point guard coming off All-American junior season.
Defending champs Montverde Academy, Sierra Canyon and Wesleyan Christian Academy among teams to watch this winter.
Nation's No. 1 high school player living up to the hype with USA Basketball, CP3.
Former MaxPreps National Coach of the Year Quincy Lewis and Sunrise Christian Academy's Kyle Lindsted among high school hoops coaches moving up a level this offseason.
See our studio crew debate draft night success, plus a by-the-numbers breakdown of Thursday night's trends and developments.
Karl-Anthony Towns was selected No. 1 overall by the Minnesota Timberwolves, followed by D'Angelo Russell and Jahlil Okafor.
We put together teams from every high school class since 2000 to determine which one is best. Spoiler alert - LeBron's class didn't win.
Little League World Series star part of a draft class that includes Alex Morgan, Dude Perfect.
Professional paths have varied for NPOY winners dating back to 2006.
Going back as many as eight years in some cases, we've compiled college and high school win-loss records for more than 40 draft hopefuls.
Seven-foot phenom will remain in high school basketball's Class of 2016.
Pine Bluffs rising junior beginning to reel in big time scholarship offers.
Nigerian big man getting it done on EYBL circuit.
After transferring from Ohio, newest Cardinal averaged over 18 points per game for national power Paul VI.
Muscatine star averaged over 18 points and six rebounds per game during All-State freshman campaign.
Six Americans reach double figures led by Markus Howard's 19-point performance.
Miami Heat All-Star repays student-athlete's persistence with an appearance at graduation.
Pint-sized point guard is a star at Indian Land High School in South Carolina and on the EYBL circuit for CP3.


text:
YMMV: Cabaret
- Adaptation Displacement: The movie and musical are much more well-known than the play "I Am A Camera" and the original stories by Christopher Isherwood.
- Alternative Character Interpretation: The Emcee is especially prone to this, given his ambiguous nature as relates to the actual story.
- Broken Base: Averted, very notably. Joel Grey and Alan Cumming played radically different versions of the Emcee, but most every fan of the show will tell you that both interpretations are completely valid. It helps that both men have expressed professional admiration for the other and encourage fans not to dismiss the other's portrayal.
- Do Not Do This Cool Thing: See "Misaimed Fandom", but even if you're not a neo-Nazi, "Tomorrow Belongs to Me" is sung and filmed in such a way as to be quite stirring, especially when everyone in the park joins in.
- Fridge Horror: The editing makes it clear Sally's baby is the Emcee's.
- "Funny Aneurysm" Moment: Natasha Richardson played Sally in the recent revival... and her singing "From cradle to tomb isn't that long a stay!" has become a lot harsher given she died suddenly and tragically a few years later.
- Misaimed Fandom: "Tomorrow Belongs to Me" is popular among neo-Nazis, who are either oblivious to or don't care about its origins, and several racist or neo-Nazi bands have covered it. From the other side, some people don't quite realize exactly what it is about and think its just a general "let's do our best" song, which leads to people singing it at concerts and what have you. It doesn't help that it has a pretty cool rhythm.
- Nightmare Fuel: The reprise of "Tomorrow Belongs to Me," when just about all of the guests at the engagement party begin singing along. As Fraulein Schneider later says, "I can no longer dismiss the Nazi Party. Now they are my friends and neighbors."
- Tear Jerker: "I Don't Care Much".


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I have a friend with a mid-90's Trek 8xx bike that has grip shifters. He broke his RD this weekend and needs a replacement. I know that there is little to no difference between an 8 and 9 speed RD. What about a 7-spd RD? My understanding is that the hubs are smaller on 7-spd's but I did not know if that would affect the RD. Also, given the age of the bike, would he notice any difference between any of the lower-end SRAM RD's? Thx.
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International Dance AcademyRead MoreInternational Dance Academy in Hollywood makes it easy to find your own tempo and have a great time. Break out of your shell and sign up for a dance class at International Dance Academy. Parking is plentiful, so visitors can feel free to bring their vehicles.6755 Hollywood BlvdHollywood, CA US
Made in LARead MoreMade in LA founder Andrea Lawent "never heard 'change' and 'comfortable' in the same sentence." While she encourages students at Made in LA to work at their own pace, she won't accept them to give anything less than 100% of themselves and at least 20% of their imaginary friends. A veteran of the dance and fitness industries, she opened the doors of her Hollywood Blvd. fitness and rehabilitation studio—which is equipped with 35 indoor bikes and a 2,500 square foot private training gym—in 2008. Since then, Made in LA has been featured in Rolling Stone magazine and has attracted a host of celebrity clientele including Carmen Electra and Laura Prepon. Alongside a seasoned squad of fitness gurus, Lawent provides students with a wide variety of offerings that include her famous rock-and-roll themed indoor cycling classes, boot camps, yoga classes, and personal training sessions. Students of any ability level perch on one of 35 bikes or take advantage of a 2,500 square foot private training gym1710 North McCadden PlaceLos Angeles, CA US
Heal One WorldRead MoreHeal One World empowers people with the knowledge and techniques to help themselves. Through classes, the organization teaches people skills and natural, noninvasive treatments they can use to ameliorate illness and injury and prevent further ailments from arising. Most of these classes impart self-help techniques and are therefore not covered by insurance, so the organization provides them on a sliding scale. Its programs range from yoga and tai chi to acupuncture and Feldenkrais treatments, drawing from ancient, time-tested practices that have often been cast to the wayside by Western culture. Heal One World also maintains a database of care providers who help people from low-income backgrounds attain stability of mind and body. Yet beyond the individual, Heal One World focuses on strengthening the community. On weekends, it organizes vegan potlucks and film screenings on green opportunities and charity projects, and every May it holds a film, music, and arts festival in order to raise awareness of pressing environmental issues and include the community in artistic endeavors.3503 W. Pico BlvdLos Angeles, CA US
Beast NationRead MoreA National Association of Sports Medicine–certified personal trainer and a former football player, Will Harding has what it takes to help people exceed their expectations. His post-college work with personal trainers inspired him to get certified himself, and today he guides clients toward healthy and active lifestyles at Beast Nation. Will designs customized programs for everyone. Depending on their needs, he might ask them to engage in weight lifting, plyometrics, cardio conditioning, or all of the above. Some of his regimens include exercises such as pushups, weight lifting, and heavy rope exercises, as well as sport-specific conditioning such as running mechanics and lateral and linear agility. Will also leads indoor group boot camps that help clients shed weight and increase energy without resorting to extreme measures such as bathing in caffeinated soda.11105 Weddington St.North Hollywood, CA US
The Jade AppleRead MoreThe Jade Apple's extensive lineup of instructors leads a schedule brimming with rejuvenating yoga and dance styles for all levels and interests. Classes include introspective restoration sessions, which buoy soothing postures with pillows, blankets, and a studio pumped full of helium, affording students time to reflect on the day. On early mornings, Rise to Shine jolts drowsy ligaments awake with classic Hatha asanas and periodic traffic updates, while hips twist in energetic belly dance classes. The studio also hosts events to promote participation in the ancient art such as a family workshop. There is also a boutique that accessorizes students' ever-expanding range of postures with goods ranging from yoga mats ($30) to Jade Apple T-shirts ($22).10502 Magnolia BlvdNorth Hollywood, CA US
Gold's GymRead MoreSince its 1965 founding in Venice Beach, California, Gold's Gym has dotted the globe with more than 600 locations where professional athletes and exercise newbies gather under the umbrella of personal strength. Nearly 3.5 million Gold's members chart and aim for their fitness peaks, perspiring beneath the gaze of certified personal trainers or pedaling beside peers at cycling sessions. In a diverse lineup of group classes, patrons strengthen cores with Pilates, finger-paint pictures of ninjas in martial arts, and amp up heart rates along to the pulsating soundtracks of Les Mills routines. Many Gold's Gym locations stockpile futuristic amenities, such as cardio machines with individual iPod docks and televisions that help keep patrons motivated.1016 Cole Ave.Hollywood, CA US