text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|11 Jan 1983
|Filing date
|29 Dec 1980
|Priority date
|29 Dec 1980
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Joseph K. Kruzich, Sidney R. Fletcher
|Original Assignee
|Ford Motor Company
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (38), Classifications (10), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention is related to our copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 220,631, entitled "Internally Illuminated Multi-Position Switch" and filed concurrently herewith.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to the field of electrical dimming controls and more specifically, to those controls associated with vehicular instrument panel illumination.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In the simplest configuration, vehicular panel dimming controls often include a manually adjustable variable resistor connected in series with an associated illuminating lamp load to supply a selected amount of voltage thereto. Some also include an on-off switch for supplying power to auxiliary loads such as reading or dome/interior lamps.
Other dimmer control configurations, such as that shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,371,241, utilize pulse-width modulation circuitry to supply varying duty cycles to the controlled load, in accordance with the setting of a variable resistor.
In each of the prior art systems, the power supplied to the controlled load is substantially constant for each selectable resistance value. In a vehicle environment where a dimmer control is used to select the intensity of illumination on various instruments and gauges, numerous manual readjustments are required to maintain a comfortable contrast from the time the instrument illumination is turned on at dusk as opposed to later at night in complete darkness.
The present invention is intended to improve the controls of the prior art by providing an adjustable lamp dimmer that includes an internally mounted ambient light sensor utilized in conjunction with a variable resistor to provide information to pulse width modulation circuitry. A variable power level output is thereby provided that maintains a relatively constant illumination contrast with respect to the ambient light levels.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an adjustable lamp dimmer which incorporate an ambient light sensor mounted within the dimmer housing so as to receive ambient light transmitted through the adjustment mechanism.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide an adjustable lamp dimmer having a translucent adjustment element with an internally reflective surface that directs ambient light to the ambient light sensor mounted within the dimmer housing.
The dimmer control of the present invention is embodied for use in an automotive vehicle environment, wherein it is desirable to maintain driver comfort by maintaining a substantially constant contrast level of the illuminated instruments with respect to ambient light conditions, according to a selected setting of the dimmer adjustment mechanism.
Costs incurred during assembly, installation, or replacement are substantially reduced due to the integral nature of construction and mounting techniques employed within the vehicle. The control is a front loaded plug-in device that contains the adjustment mechanism, a variable resistor, an ambient light sensor and power control circuitry attached to a substrate material.
The adjustment mechanism has a portion which, when mounted, extends external to a housing so as to be accessible for manual adjustment. The adjustment mechanism is translucent at the external portion for receiving ambient light and conducting that received light to the internally mounted sensor. The sensor is protectively mounted in a space efficient manner and continuously monitors the ambient light level changes through the adjustment mechanism.
FIG. 1 is an external view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention shown along side a multi-position switch, such as that shown in our copending U.S. patent application noted above.
FIG. 2 is an overall view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and taken along section line III--III.
FIG. 4 is an electrical schematic of a preferred embodiment of the present invention as it is interconnected with the multi-position switch of our copending application noted above.
Although the present invention is shown in a preferred embodiment in association with a multi-position switch of the type described in our above-noted copending application, it is, of course, recognized that the principles and concepts which constitute the present invention are equally applicable to embodiments which include modifications and variations to that shown herein.
Three views of the drawing illustrated in respective FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, are concurrently referred to in the following discussion.
The plug-in dimmer control assembly 100 is shown mounted within the housing having a removable bezel 110. The bezel 110 contains an opening through which a manual adjustment mechanism 120 extends outwardly therefrom. The adjustment mechanism 120 is a wheel formed of a translucent material. The outer edge of the adjustment mechanism 120 contains a large number of serrations 122 that provide a frictional surface for manual adjustment. The adjustment mechanism 120 is pivotally mounted on a support substrate 160 which may be formed from a ceramic material. In the present embodiment, a collar 162 is formed to overlap an aperture in the substrate 160 and to provide a mounting support for the rotational adjustment mechanism 120. A pair of arcuate resistive deposits 134 are formed on the substrate 160 and a wiper element 126 is embedded into the adjustment mechanism 120. The combination, of resistive deposits and wiper element, forms a variable resistor 134 wherein numerous values are selectable according to the rotational position of the adjustment mechanism 120. The resistive elements 134 are electrically connected to a pulse-width modulator logic chip 140 which is mounted on the substrate 160, along with an output transistor 150.
In the present embodiment, an on/off switch 166 is also provided. Plug-in terminals 184 and 185 at the base of the substrate 160 are bridged by a movable spring metal arm of the switch 166 which is actuated to make or break with a land 168 extending from the terminal 184. A cam 123 on the outer edge of the adjustment mechanism 120 provides the actuator to close the switch when the adjustment mechanism 120 is rotated to its full clockwise position. When the adjustment mechanism 120 is rotated counter clockwise, the switch is opened.
Other terminals 181, 182 and 183 are also provided at the base of the substrate 160 and are in compression contact with corresponding adjacent terminals extending from the adjacent multi-position switch 10.
An ambient photosensor 130 is utilized along with the variable resistor 134 to provide information to the pulse width modulator circuit 140 which is programmed to provide pulse width modulation to an output transistor 150 to drive the illuminating lamp load on terminals 181.
An ambient photosensor 130 is mounted on the substrate 160 so that it is internal to the housing 110 and integral with the plug-in dimmer control 100. In order to provide ambient light levels to the ambient photosensor 130, the translucent adjustment mechanism 120 is provided with a wedge formed by surfaces 128 and 129. The surface 128 is formed at approximately 45� with respect to the entering light path so as to provide an internally reflective surface that reflects received ambient light towards the ambient photosensor 130.
As mentioned above, the present invention is embodied in a low cost lightweight plug-in type device in an automotive vehicle to control the illumination intensity of the various gauges and instruments. Accordingly, this setting of the adjustable mechanism 120 determines the setting of the variable resistor 134. Of course the setting of the adjustable mechanism 120 is performed when the ambient light level surrounding the adjustment mechanism is at some value. The operator adjusts the variable resistor so that the intensity of illumination at the instruments is at a comfortable contrast level. Accordingly, as the ambient level within the vehicle changes, those changes are monitored by the ambient photosensor 130 and the pulse-width modulation circuit 140 will approximately adjust the illumination duty cycle for the lamp load in order that a constant contrast is maintained, based upon that setting of the adjustment mechanism 120.
Auxiliary lamps, such as dome lamps or reading lamps, are controllable for on/off operation by the switch 166 to provide power from terminal 184 to 185.
The multi-position switch 10 is a parking/headlamp switch with an internal illumination lamp 30 which derives its power from the output from the dimmer control 100 by a terminal 181 connected to terminal 81. The dimmer control 100 receives input power on terminal 182 from terminal 82 on the switch 10 when that switch is connected either in the parking lamp or head lamp position. A ground is provided to the dimmer control 100 through terminal 183, connected to terminal 83 on the switch 10.
It will be apparent that many modifications and variations may be implemented without departing from the scope of the novel concept of this invention. Therefore, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such modifications and variations which fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|25 Jun 1965
|27 Feb 1968
|Arthur W. Amacher
|Vehicle light dimming system including solid state circuitry and manual control means
|23 Mar 1966
|10 Dec 1968
|Motorola Inc
|Lamp dimming circuit
|29 Nov 1976
|3 Oct 1978
|Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.
|Automatic light intensity control for x-ray film viewer
|8 Jul 1977
|14 Nov 1978
|Harry Silver
|Photoelectric switch and dimmer control
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|28 Jun 1982
|30 Apr 1985
|Trw Inc.
|Automatic brightness control apparatus
|27 Dec 1983
|6 May 1986
|Blake Frederick H
|Light-sensing, light fixture control system
|4 Sep 1984
|24 Feb 1987
|Ford Motor Company
|Composite light pickup device
|5 Feb 1986
|7 Jul 1987
|Davis George B
|Christmas tree lighting control
|3 Jun 1982
|14 Jun 1988
|Giuseppe Baccanelli
|Device permitting of economizing electric lighting energy
|6 Aug 1987
|19 Sep 1989
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|Method of and circuit for brightness and temperature-dependent control of an LCD illuminator
|7 Dec 1988
|5 Dec 1989
|Robert Bosch Gmbh
|Fuel-injection pump for internal combustion engines, in particular for diesel engines
|22 Nov 1989
|4 Sep 1990
|Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha
|Detecting device for detecting the size and/or presence of an original document
|13 Feb 1989
|25 Sep 1990
|Hochstein Peter A
|Automatic battery powered video light
|25 Sep 1986
|12 Mar 1991
|Innovative Controls, Incorporated
|Ballast for high pressure sodium lamps having constant line and lamp wattage
|22 May 1990
|30 Apr 1991
|Hochstein Peter A
|Automatic battery powered video light
|12 Dec 1988
|11 Jun 1991
|Joseph A. Urda
|Ballast circuit for gaseous discharge lamp
|29 Jan 1990
|9 Jul 1991
|Guisinger John E
|High frequency fluorescent lamp exciter
|25 Apr 1990
|3 Sep 1991
|Hildebrand Cleve R
|Solid state regulated power supply for luminescent lamp
|11 Jun 1991
|12 May 1992
|Scott James D
|Dimmer circuit
|15 Jun 1990
|22 Sep 1992
|Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
|Vehicle room floor illuminating apparatus
|18 Sep 1991
|27 Apr 1993
|Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
|Lighting system for use in vehicle cabin
|2 Apr 1992
|11 May 1993
|Pioneer Electronic Corporation
|Illumination control circuit using a photoreceptor built-in a remote control device
|18 Sep 1991
|13 Jul 1993
|Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
|Lighting system for use in vehicle cabin
|8 Jun 1992
|7 Dec 1993
|Chrysler Corporation
|Vehicle instrument panel lamps, improved pulse width dimmer system therefor
|25 Jun 1992
|16 Aug 1994
|Ford Motor Company
|Method and apparatus for distinguishing input signals and generating a common dimming signal
|14 Apr 1993
|24 Jan 1995
|Anton/Bauer, Inc.
|Photographic lighting system using incident light meter
|3 Oct 1994
|12 Mar 1996
|Tlg Plc
|Method for automatic switching and control of lighting
|27 Sep 1993
|20 Aug 1996
|Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for controlling illumination of lamp
|13 Nov 1995
|15 Jul 1997
|U.S. Philips Corporation
|System to optimize artificial lighting levels with increasing daylight level
|12 Dec 1997
|30 Nov 1999
|Frezzolini Electronics, Inc.
|Video lighthead with dimmer control and stabilized intensity
|2 Dec 1999
|3 Jul 2001
|Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.
|Photopic brightness controller for fluorescent backlights
|29 Dec 2000
|14 Jan 2003
|Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.
|Luminance control of automotive displays using an ambient light sensor
|29 Aug 2000
|23 Mar 2004
|Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.
|Display control method and display controller
|5 Mar 2003
|4 Apr 2006
|Preh-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg
|Optical indicator element
|5 Dec 2007
|30 Nov 2010
|Industrial Technology Reseacrh Institute
|Automatic lighting control system and method
|8 Oct 2008
|13 Sep 2011
|Dental Equipment, Llc
|LED-based dental exam lamp with variable chromaticity
|8 Jan 2013
|4 Feb 2014
|Lemaire Illumination Technologies, Llc
|Apparatus for L.E.D. illumination
|14 Sep 2012
|24 Feb 2015
|Cooper Technologies Company
|Electrical switch device with automatic dimming control
|8 Sep 2011
|Jyotirmoy Chakravarty
|System and methods of intelligent on/off modes and dimming functionality for lighting devices
|24 May 2010
|24 Nov 2011
|Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.
|Light sensor knob
|2 Oct 1986
|30 Jun 1987
|Light-sensing, light fixture control system
|31 Jul 2002
|6 Sep 2007
|Lear Corp., Southfield
|Autoscheinwerfermodul mit integrierter Fotozelle
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|2 Feb 1981
Owner name: FORD MOTOR COMPANY, THE, DEARBORN, MI, A CORP. OF
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:KRUZICH JOSEPH K.;FLETCHER SIDNEY R.;REEL/FRAME:003826/0684
Effective date: 19801219
|7 Mar 1986
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|28 Jun 1990
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|16 Aug 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|8 Jan 1995
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|21 Mar 1995
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19950111


text:
With a December 2015 release date, its full power on Lucasfilms first Disney-distributed effort. Youll get to see the relatives and descendants of Luke, Han, Leia and (hopefully) Chewbacca in the IMAX format next holiday season, a real treat for those who appreciate JJ Abrams widescreen vistas.
Alfonso Cuaron's beautiful and impressive epic Gravity has been making headlines ever since it debuted on the fall film festival circuit last year, but today it has yet another milestone to add to its incredible list of achievements.
Re-releases like this are always great because they can give people a chance to see titles that they may have missed during the first theatrical run, but Gravity is a special case. Even if you saw Gravity back when it was out in October, you should make a point of trying to see it again. After all, the material demands the screen size, and in the future IMAX screenings will be much less available. Take the opportunity when it presents itself.
Ever since The Dark Knight, director Christopher Nolan has been seen as a hardcore advocate of IMAX technology - particularly over the widespread use of 3D. Because of the filmmaker's prior usage of IMAX cameras on both The Dark Knight and The Dark Knight Rises, it was no surprise when it was announced that he would once again be using the larger format film making his latest project, the sci-fi epic Interstellar.
With the 3D trend visibly dying out, movie theaters and studios are looking for even more ways to get people to actually leave their houses to go to the movies, and thus far the hippest new thing is IMAX. The large format that used to be limited to planetariums has been used to dazzling effect in films like The Dark Knight Rises and the upcoming Gravity, and more and more filmmakers are adopting it to make their big-budget spectacles all the more spectacular. Will J.J. Abrams be the next to jump on board?
IMAX Corporation, Paramount Pictures and Skydance Productions announced in a release that Brad Pitts global zombie apocalypse thriller has been digitally re-mastered into the IMAX 3D format, and will be released into select IMAX theaters domestically for a one-week engagement beginning Aug. 2.
It seems almost a given for big budget action-adventures, but Summit Entertainment makes it official with a new please release: Divergent will hit theaters in IMAX next spring. IMAX Corporation will digitally re-master the finished film and give its audio a mix befitting of The IMAX Experience®, making the movie even more spectacular for those willing to pay a little extra.
Neill Blomkamp's Elysium has promise to be one of the biggest sci-fi adventures of the summer. The South African writer/director blew us all away with his 2009 debut, the Academy Award nominated District 9, and it appears that he has actually upped the ante for his sophomore effort. Not only does the movie feature big name stars like Matt Damon and Jodie Foster, the story itself plays out on an epic scale...
You just need $2 million, and a house big enough to fit the equipment, which includes a 20-foot wide curved screen that goes floor to ceiling. The system is similar to the two-projector set-up in their full-scale theaters around the world, and its 3D-capable.
There are movie moments that we experience as kids that stick with us forever. The slow pan across Willy Wonka's Chocolate Factory is one of them. And the sight of Dorothy stepping out of her black-and-white home and into the colorful world of Oz is another. Done right, a movie can capture the wonder and beauty of the imagination with awe-inspiring grace, creating a visual that allows a child - and kids at heart - to believe in magic, if only at the movies.
Almost everyone can find something to celebrate in the latest press release from IMAX, which says that 20 upcoming Warner Bros. films will be released in the larger-than-normal format in coming years. Anxious for Bryan Singers family adventure Jack the Giant Slayer? Dying to see Superman soar through IMAX skies? Want to see Guillermo del Toros giant freaking robots decimate his giant freaking monsters in the IMAX format? Man, you are going to be in luck.
When the new James Bond adventure Skyfall finally opens on November 9, you'll have two options: see the movie on regular old screens, or see it in giant, glorious IMAX. No, it's absolutely not an option not to see it, since this Bond adventure is one of the best of the franchise, and quite honestly the best action film I've seen this year
Paranormal Activity 4 is being digitally re-mastered with a reworked sound and image quality suitable to the immensity of IMAX presentation. While the film will open nationwide October 19th, kicking off with sure to be spirited midnight screenings, its IMAX version will launch at about 300 locations as early as October 18th at 9PM. So keep all this in mind while deciding on which Paranormal Activity 4 ticket you want to buy.
Hopefully by now you've gotten yourself excited for Skyfall, the upcoming James Bond film that doesn't just bring back Daniel Craig as the fearless super spy, but brings in Oscar-winner Sam Mendes to direct it, and the legendary Roger Deakins to shoot it. The talent offscreen is matched by the actors too
Those who had the chance to see The Dark Knight, Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol and The Dark Knight Rises in IMAX know that there is some incredible potential in the format. And it's a potential that Steven Spielberg is starting to realize. In a recent interview the legendary Academy Award-winning filmmaker revealed that he is contemplating shooting his next film, an adaptation of Daniel H. Wilson's novel Robopocalypse.
The Indiana Jones Blu-ray box set is coming out next month and earlier today it was revealed that Raiders of the Lost Ark will be receiving a very special release in IMAX starting September 7th. But the news only gets better for fans of the professor/adventurer, as now we have the first trailer and poster celebrating the IMAX re-release as well as official word of nationwide Indiana Jones marathons that will be held in AMC theaters.
Now Steven Spielberg is helping the giant-screen format take yet another bite out of the 3D pie. Whereas George Lucas plans to re-release all of the original Star Wars films in 3D, Spielberg is making a new plan to bring one of his classics back to the big, big, big screen
Not all Hollywood IMAX releases are created equal, and by shooting sections of The Dark Knight using actual IMAX cameras, Christopher Nolan raised the bar for feature films that use the format-- and he's done it again with The Dark Knight Rises. Containing over an hour of IMAX footage, the movie leaps up on the giant screen, absorbing and lush and practically enveloping the audience in its 70 mm celluloid.
While the 12:01 poster for midnight screenings of The Amazing Spider-Man didn't really wow us, we've seen some great ones in recent months. I'm proud to say that I have midnight posters for both John Carter and Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol on my walls and with any luck I'll be able to add one for The Dark Knight Rises as well.
Next week sees the release of The Dark Knight, the conclusion to Christopher Nolan's Batman trilogy, but that won't be the end of the filmmaker's time in the world of comic book movies. Though he won't be involved with Warner Bros.' Justice League film, he is an executive producer on Zack Snyder's Man of Steel. His involvement with that project, however, has raised some questions about how the new Superman flick would be released.
imax Stories 21 to 40 of 92<< < PREVIOUS PAGE | NEXT PAGE >
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Call Us: +1.6083938135
Take this opportunity to discuss organ donation with your loved ones and know their wishes. For more information on organ donation, or to register to be a donor go to www.yesiwillwisconsin.org now!
Race Pictures are available on the Race PIcs tab! Hope you have fun looking for yourself and your friends!
November 14, 2015
Kids 1 Mile
"Running has taken me in and continues to comfort, heal, and challenge me in all kinds of magical ways. I am not a good runner because I am me, I am a good me because I am a runner."
- Kristin Armstrong
Hungry 4 Some Supper Myself 5K/10K Walk/Run
411 Chestnut St Lodi, WI 53555
2014 Race Results will be available immediately following the race. Click on the links below to check your results!
November 14, 2015
Pierce Park , Baraboo WI
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Hungry 4 Some Supper Myself promotes education on organ donation. Even with the multiple avenues of education available today, there are still many misconceptions about organ donation.


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I'm in my late 30's, have a family that will be moving to Austin around June, 2013, work for a well-funded startup on South Congress, and am looking for a room. I'm fairly social, but will sometimes shut the door and code all night long or randomly spend ridiculous hours at the office -- but that is the exception. I don't smoke and only drink on occasion -- and then just a beer or two.


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Brazil's capital city, Brasilia, conceived by modernist architect Lucio Costa, was built in the late 1950s on what had been an unpopulated desert. Costa envisioned a city in which urban design enabled the existence of an ideal society, a utopian notion that deflated when confronted with reality. Brasilia's once futuristic archways now slouch toward violent suburbs riddled with decay and corruption.
Novelist and former diplomat Joao Almino may be the poet laureate of Costa's failed vision. Disappointment flickers in the background of his novels, all of which deal with attempts by a shifting group of characters to live inside Brasilia's broken shell. Isolated by that city's architecture, Almino's characters wander its parks and stare across its artificial lakes, caught between hope and frustration, incompleteness
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Visit a Branch!
You Can Do That @ the Library?!
Get a Free Library Card
When you go into any branch with a photo ID and proof of your current Santa Cruz County address, you can get a free Library Card the first time you apply.
See our Calendar, Online Catalog or Branch pages for more details and contact information.
SCPL News & Announcements - Latest Posts
Make Robots!
Using the WeDo Robotics system, kids will learn about gears, sensors, programming, and design principles by building a robotic animal!
Jun 3rd, Tuesday • 3:30pm – 4:30pm • Downtown Branch, 224 Church Street
Jun 9th, Monday • 3:30pm – 4:30pm • Aptos Branch, 7695 Soquel Drive
These workshops are best for kids 7 and up. Space is limited and pre-registration is required. Call 831-427-7717 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
View similarly tagged posts: Kids, Events
Posted by teeterj on May 28, 2014 at 3 p.m.
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Dragos Security CyberLens
There are several important differences between this solution and the run-of-the-mill asset discovery tools.
Intel 471: Threat actor intelligence
Intel 471 has several unique - intelligence community-like - approaches that really make a difference.
Bromium vSentry
This tool may have solved the problem of defending against sophisticated malware.
An unusual and innovative approach to Java security
Our First Look this month generated one of those "ah ha!" moments in us when we saw what it was and how it worked.
Attestation at its best
Private Core vCage protects systems. It's a little complicated under the covers, but in practical use is simplicity itself.
Soft intelligence is important too: Silobreaker
Silobreaker is a must-have collection and analysis tool for organizations that might benefit from open source intelligence (OSINT).
Bits and bytes in intelligence: Umbrella from OpenDNS
Umbrella from OpenDNS, a cloud-based network security service, is easy to use and an excellent intelligence resource.
AhnLab's MDS: A comprehensive approach to malware management
AhnLab refers to its product - MDS - as a malware defense system. I, however, think of it more as a malware management system.
Covering all the SAP bases
X1 is an agentless SAP auditing tool that is able to map out entire SAP landscapes and display any insecure configurations on the individual elements of the landscape.
Digital forensic incident response in a box
CIRT from AccessData Group is a full lifecycle forensic tool - from detecting to analyzing to remediating - and it's all in a single package.
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SC Magazine Articles
- Chinese govt. complied with U.S. request to arrest hackers
- Obama administration will not push for legislation requiring mandatory encryption
- Data Security in the 21st Century: Understanding what data to protect
- Consumers need to up password security: Darren Guccione of Keeper Security
- U.S. authorities identify Chinese companies that benefited from military cybertheft


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19101 Rankings
370 Favourites
50 Photos
57 Following
24 Followers
Hello, glad to see u on my WorldCosplay account :з
深陷欧美中 欢迎同好 快来一起玩耍~o(*≧▽≦)ツ 微博 http://weibo.com/yeyingyaolang
This is Mugetsu. I am a cosplayer from Taiwan. Recently keen to Hannibal、Marvel、007andBBCSH I hope we can interact more. 無月です. 台灣人です. 日本語能力は良くありません. より多くのアドバイスはしてください~ 最近のようなHannibal、Marvel、007、BBCSH大好き. 這裡是無月~ 近期Hannibal、Marvel、007、BBCSH爆發期WWWWW 【FB】 https://www.facebook.com/MugetsuCos 【blog】 http://blog.yam.com/minazuki1028 【weibo】http://weibo.com/3283543174/profile 【Weebly】http://mugetsu1028.weebly.com/2747232654.html Cure No.243306
Hi. My name is Nastasia. I cosplayer, fikrayder, Crafter. I'm from Russia. Vk - https://vk.com/id52083649 Instagram - https://instagram.com/tokihina/ Ask - http://ask.fm/toki_chan
Hiii! Nice to meet you! My name is Debora and I am cosplayer since the year of 2005! I hope you like my work! <3 Please enjoy my page with my sister: https://www.facebook.com/cronateachcosplay My Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/debora.teach Twitter: https://twitter.com/deborateach My DeviantArt: http://deborateach.deviantart.com/
Cosplayer since 2013. Brazil. Facebook profile: https://www.facebook.com/emily.tomaz
Sou novato na área de Cosplay. Faço computação gráfica 3D. Se Quiserem ver meu trabalho alem dos meus Cosplays visitem: Meu DeviantArt: http://denykun.deviantart.com/ Meu Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/dennykun.mmd Meu Instagram: http://www.iphoneogram.com/u/587698463
Hey.I'm Iris. I was burn in Ukraine, but live in Russia, in cold Syberia. My favourite anime is One Piece, Hunter x Hunter and Reborn ** http://shirodsatu.deviantart.com/ http://ask.fm/banana_snow http://instagram.com/iris_superbia
Hi I'm Rikku...cosplayer and visual kei musician from indonesia start cosplay since 2010 i have a dream to cosplaying all cosplay genre and i'm trying to do Nice cosplay with both female and male characters but now my main interest actually in crossplay (^_^)v Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/ferikku.tachibana Email : email@example.com Yoroshiku Onegaishimasu minna!!!
Hii! my nickname is Lucy Dark Dreams Barcelona (Spain) cosplayer & photographer cosmaker & wigmaker & plushmaker All Photos in my other accounts: fb page-> https://m.facebook.com/lucydarkdreams/manager/#!/lucydarkdreams?view=page deviantart-> http://cosplaylucy.deviantart.com/ Instagram-> http://gramlove.com/user.php?id=1960165882&name=lucy_dark_dreams twitter-> https://mobile.twitter.com/LucyDarkDreams cosplay amino-> http://aminoapps.com/p/ehe6k
Hi, my name is Rasyid P. Alam and you can call me "Shitt" I'm a Amateur Photografer from Indonesia and life in Jakarta.. but now Im vacuum for photograph coz my camera is gone.. Fb: https://www.facebook.com/katachox
My Site: https://www.facebook.com/RoxiHassy My Acc: https://www.facebook.com/roxi.hassy1 Add or Like me >//v//< ♥
Hey :3 my name is Mayukio Vanille. You can call me Mayu. ^-^ I'm from Germany and i love Anime, Mangas and Japan since i was 5 years old but i cosplay now for a half year. (A short time i know >_<) i hope you anjoy my cosplay. Love and hugs Mayu ♡♡♡♡
Hi, we are duo cosplayers from Poland and we hope you like our work! Here is our fanpage: https://www.facebook.com/bulazpasztetem Check it out for any news from us.
Hi, I'm Jessye. I am a Brazilian cosplayer. I started cosplay in 2013, my objective is to improve every day my cosplays. I hope you enjoy my photos. Facebook:https://www.facebook.com/JessyeCosplay


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J. Mendel
Pleated Sleeveless Dress
Product Actions
J. Mendel Water Lily (mint green) and Pristine (ivory) crinkled doubleface silk georgette sleeveless dress styled with gathered pleats.
- Low V-neck, frayed edge trim at waistline, V-back, cutout at back, padded interior at bust
- Full lining
- Approximately 46" length from shoulder to hem
- Hook-and-eye closure at back neck, hidden zip closure at back
- Available in Water Lily (Mint Green)/Pristine (Ivory)
- Silk; lining: cotton
- Dry clean
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text:
(tel´net) (n.) A terminal emulation program for TCP/IP networks such as the Internet. The Telnet program runs on your computer and connects your PC to a server on the network. You can then enter commands through the Telnet program and they will be executed as if you were entering them directly on the server console. This enables you to control the server and communicate with other servers on the network. To start a Telnet session, you must log in to a server by entering a valid username and password. Telnet is a common way to remotely control Web servers.
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text:
Michael J. Fox
'The Michael J. Fox Show' Canceled: NBC Pulls Remaining Episodes
Though not entirely surprising given NBC's earlier move to cancel struggling freshman Thursday comedy 'Sean Saves the World,' the network has officially pulled the plug on its more high-profile 'Michael J. Fox Show.' The veteran 'Family Ties' and 'Back to the Future' star had completed work on the 22-episode order, though the remaining episodes may never see the light of day.
Michael J. Fox 'Fun Fact' Upsets 2014 Golden Globe Red Carpet Viewers
E! caused an uproar amongst viewers of the 2014 Golden Globes pre-show when the network broadcast appeared to make light of Michael J. Fox's Parkinson disease diagnosis.


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by Tom Holler
Friday Oct 15, 2010
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Danny MacAskill
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Rockfax DescriptionClimb the tricky, thin crack to a recess (and a cop-out lower-off). Battle up the awkward, leaning chimney to a ledge and possible stance on the left. Finish as for Claw Left-hand along the ramp or by escaping leftwards. © ROCKFAX
UKC Logbook DescriptionStarts just right of "Claw Left-Hand".
1) 5a, 21m. The thin crack (tricky) to the chimney. Climb this to a stance on the left.
2) 4c, 20m. Finish as for "Claw Left-Hand".
(First Free Ascent J.Street 1967)
Didn't do pitch 2. no real reason why not.islandlynx - Lead O/S - 29/Aug/15 with Amy
AmyAmy - 2nd - 29/Aug/15 with islandlynx
Hidden - Lead O/S - 25/Jul/15
tough even tougher if you head direct up the turf admackie - Lead - 02/May/15 with neil, phil taylor
Fell off the fuckathe power - Lead dnf - 02/May/15 with admackie, neil
nrhardy - 2nd O/S - 02/May/15 with admackie
full route, no cop out lowering off the fun starts above...Graeme Hammond - Lead O/S - 13/Jul/14 with Richard Williams
Dogged the entire way.Hardcore Pat - Lead dog - 15/Jun/14 with Dr Julie
To the lower off at 8m only. Initial crack moves are much harder (5c?) if you are tempted right to the peg. Staying left and laybacking the crack is quite straightforward, probably 5a.madasten - 2nd - 31/May/14 with Gaz
Only as far as lower off, typical tough HVS!Peakphil - Lead dnf - 28/Apr/14 with Bernie
Roget - Lead O/S - 28/Jul/13 with jim
Lead up to the thread lower off - felt hard for 5a!BeccaSnowden - Lead O/S - 20/Apr/11 with Tom
thomasadixon - 2nd O/S - 20/Apr/11 with Becca
Hannes B - Lead O/S - 27/Aug/10 with Rik
cem - Lead O/S - 01/Aug/10 with Rob Truckle
Hidden - Lead - 2010
Hidden - Lead - 09/Sep/07
Dave Bond - Lead O/S - 10/May/05 with charles
Different Steve - 2nd O/S - 2000 with Martin Hore
marcoleptic - Lead - 2000
Hidden - Lead - 13/Jul/96
mikej - 2nd - 15/May/94 with Nick Salmon
Stoney Boy - 2nd - 1986 with Steve Wigmore
2,L.charlesmfrench - AltLd O/S - 12/Feb/84
Mark Kemball - Lead - 03/Feb/82 with Willie Todd
Hidden - Jun/80
Nigel Bond - Lead - 17/Jun/79 with Andy Brown, Martin Crosby
Derek Ryden - AltLd O/S - 1978 with Andy Draper
mikej - 2nd - 02/Sep/73 with Geoff Williams
Users with this climb on their wishlist are:


text:
Average Vote: 8.61 out of 10
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text:
In my main activity I have an
AsyncTask running which in
postExecute() updates a
Now before
postExecute() gets called if my activity gets destroyed due to any reason what would be the state of the
onPostExecute() UI updations will throw exception.
One way I thought is to cancel the ayncTask in
onDestory(). But if the asynctask is in postExecute when on destroy gets called how to handle it.


text:
September 18, 2010
Bucks roll Bobcats in an in-state battle
Kevin Noon
COLUMBUS, Ohio - It was a record setting day for Terrelle Pryor which isn't bad for a player that many still don't feel is a passer. The Ohio State signal caller broke the Ohio State streak for completed passes with 16 in a row as the Buckeyes took advantage of five turnovers by the Bobcats to cruise to an easy 43-7 victory and improve to 3-0 on the season.
Jim Tressel said. "I think he would like to have a couple of those back. Interceptions ruin a quarterback's day in their own mind and sometimes you forget about the 22 completions and all you do is think about the two that didn't work."
Ohio State's defense was stout once again and took the ball five times. Ross Homan and Tyler Moeller each had picks while Nathan Williams, Devon Torrence and Cameron Heyward each picked up fumbles. This marks two straight games where Heyward has had a chance to take the ball the other way after a turnover.
"(I was) just at the right place at the right time," Heyward said. "The quarterback tackled me. It's not good enough."
Ohio University was held to 62 yards through three quarters and picked up the majority of its 158 yards against Ohio State's second team. It was a valuable chance for getting a lot of players into the game but the defense was shooting for a shutout.
The Buckeyes were not able to avoid the injury bug with Donnie Evege and Dorian Bell leaving the game and not returning. Torrence and Orhian Johnson both were hurt but returned to game action after receiving medical attention.
One of the most encouraging stats to come out of Saturday's game is the Buckeyes went 7 of 7 from the red zone and even though Ohio State still had to kick two field goals it was an encouraging sign based on some inabilities against Miami (Fla.) just a week before.
DeVier Posey got the best of his brother on the field with five receptions for 62 yards granted not all of them were directly against big brother Julian. But Julian almost answered louder when he returned a kickoff to the house only to be negated by a block in the back penalty. Ohio State also fell victim to a punt block but neither play ended up costing Ohio State any points but it is still cause for concern.
"We flat out missed a guy on the punt that was blocked, you can't do that," Tressel said. "Not if you want to win.
The Buckeyes close out the non-conference schedule next week against Eastern Michigan at 3:30 pm (ET) on ABC Sports. After that there is no looking back as the Big Ten season arrives and the Bucks look to make it six in a row for Big Ten crowns.
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text:
The role of recombinant activated protein C (aPC) during sepsis is still controversial. It showed anti-inflammatory effect and improved the microvascular perfusion in experimental models of septic shock. The present study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that recombinant aPC therapy improves the microcirculation during severe sepsis.
Prospective observational study on patients admitted in a 12-beds intensive care unit of a university hospital from July 2010 to December 2011, with severe sepsis and at least two sepsis-induced organ failures occurring within 48 hours from the onset of sepsis, who received an infusion of aPC (24 mcg/kg/h for 96 hours) (aPC group). Patients with contraindications to aPC administration were also monitored (no-aPC group).
At baseline (before starting aPC infusion, T0), after 24 hours (T1a), 48 hours (T1b), 72 hours (T1c) and 6 hours after the end of aPC infusion (T2), general clinical and hemodynamic parameters were collected and the sublingual microcirculation was evaluated with sidestream dark-field imaging. Total vessel density (TVD), perfused vessel density (PVD), De Backer score, microvascular flow index (MFIs), the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) and the flow heterogeneity index (HI) were calculated for small vessels. The perfused boundary region (PBR) was measured as an index of glycocalyx damage. Variables were compared between time points and groups using non parametric or parametric statistical tests, as appropriate.
In the 13 aPC patients mean arterial pressure (MAP), base excess, lactate, PaO2/FiO2 and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score significantly improved over time, while CI and ITBVI did not change. MFIs, TVD, PVD, PPV significantly increased over time and the HI decreased (p < 0.05 in all cases), while the PBR did not change. No-aPC patients (n = 9) did not show any change in the microcirculation over time. A positive correlation was found between MFIs and MAP. TVD, PVD and De Backer score negatively correlated with norepinephrine dose, and the SOFA score negatively correlated with MFIs, TVD and PVD.
aPC significantly improves the microcirculation in patients with severe sepsis/septic shock.
Trial registration
Sepsis is a major problem in intensive care units (ICU), with high incidence and mortality rate [1]. Although many studies have been conducted in order to find an effective therapy, the treatment for such a complex syndrome is still a source of investigation, mainly due to the uncertainty about its pathophysiology. According to the current hypothesis, microcirculatory alterations may contribute to the defect in oxygen extraction during sepsis and play a major role in the progression to multiorgan dysfunction [2]. For this reason the microcirculation may represent the best target for therapy aimed to improve organ dysfunction and outcome. Recombinant activated protein C (aPC) had been approved for the treatment of patients with severe sepsis in 2001, after the PROWESS Study showed that it was able to significantly reduce mortality [3]. Unfortunately, these results were not confirmed [4] and the drug was withdrawn from the market ten years later. Nevertheless, the role of aPC in sepsis therapy is still a controversial issue and papers stressing its benefits continue to be published [5-7]. APC is an endogen protein with anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and profibrinolitic properties; it showed to inhibit the generation of thrombin by inactivating factor Va and factor VIIIa [8] and this was thought to be the most important mechanism for its therapeutic action in sepsis. Then this theory was abandoned as its anti-inflammatory action seemed to be of major relevance: preclinical studies demonstrated a host of beneficial effects targeting NF-kB pathway [9] together with the ability to reduce the apoptosis and decrease citonecrosis during sepsis [10]. Moreover aPC can influence the endothelial cell function, by inhibiting white blood cells rolling and adhesion [11], preventing the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [12] and exerting a protective role towards the endothelial glycocalyx [13]. Several experimental studies showed that aPC may integratively improve the microvascular perfusion during sepsis [14-17]. Only one study was conducted so far on severely septic patients in order to translate these experimental evidences into a clinical setting [18].
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of aPC infusion on the microcirculation in patients with severe sepsis/septic shock.
The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of AOU "Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I–Lancisi–Salesi" of Ancona (Italy) and informed consent was obtained from the patients or their relatives.
Patient population
This prospective observational study was conducted in a 12-beds ICU of "Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria–Ospedali Riuniti: Umberto I–Lancisi–Salesi" of Ancona (Italy) from July 2010 to December 2011 and included patients who received an aPC infusion (24 mcg/kg/hr for 96 hrs) for the presence of severe sepsis/ septic shock and at least two sepsis-induced organ failures within 48 hours of the onset of sepsis, with no contraindications to aPC treatment (recent head trauma or intracranial bleeding). Exclusion criteria were: hematologic or advanced malignancies, liver cirrhosis, severely impaired consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale score <7), and therapeutic limitations (do-not-resuscitate orders).
The sample size was calculated on the Microvascular Flow Index (MFI): 13 patients proved to be sufficient to demonstrate a change in MFI of 0.5 (standard deviation = 0.5) with a power of 90% and an alpha error of 0.05.
During the same study period, the microcirculation was monitored also in those patients who met the inclusion criteria but did not receive aPC because of contraindications (recent head trauma or intracranial bleeding) (no-aPC group).
General management
All patients were sedated (propofol 2–4 mg/kg/h or midazolam 0.1–0.3 mg/kg/h and sufentanil 0.15–2 μg/kg/h or remifentanil 1.2–4.8 μg/kg/h), intubated and mechanically ventilated. All patients were equipped with a central venous catheter and a femoral artery catheter and hemodynamic parameters were monitored using the PiCCO system (Pulsion, Munich, Germany). Fluids (crystalloids and colloids), vasopressors (norepinephrine) and inotropic agents (dobutamine) were provided according to individual needs, in order to maintain the Intrathoracic Blood Volume Index (ITBVI) within the range of normality (800–1000 ml/m2), a normal cardiac index value, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg.
The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score [19] was obtained on the day of the inclusion. Temperature (T), heart rate (HR), MAP and complete hemodynamic assessment were obtained in all patients before starting aPC infusion (T0), at 24 hours (±3 hrs) (T1a), 48 hours (±3 hrs) (T1b), 72 hours (±3 hrs) (T1c) and finally 6 hours (±3 hrs) after the end of aPC infusion (T2). Arterial blood samples were withdrawn simultaneously in order to measure blood gases, hemoglobin, and lactate levels (Omni Roche Diagnostic, Monza, Italy). Results of routine biological blood samples were collected and The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score [20] was calculated daily up to day 5. Patients who did not receive aPC infusion were monitored at the same time points.
Microcirculatory evaluation and analysis
The sublingual microcirculation was evaluated using sidestream dark field (SDF) imaging (Microscan, Microvision Medical, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) by an investigator blinded to the patient's group at the five time points previously described (T0, T1a, T1b, T1c and T2). SDF technique is described in detail elsewhere [21]. After removal of saliva and other secretions with a gauze, the device was gently applied without pressure to the lateral side of the tongue, in an area approximately 1.5–4 cm from the tip of the tongue. Five different microcirculatory sites (at least 10 sec/site) were recorded at each time point with adequate focus and contrast and every effort was made to avoid movement and pressure artifacts. A random number was assigned to each sequence; poor-quality images were discarded and three images for each time point were selected and analyzed using a computer software package (Automated Vascular Analysis Software, Microvision Medical BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). According to the consensus report on the performance and evaluation of microcirculation using SDF imaging [22], Total Vessel Density (TVD), Perfused Vessel Density (PVD) and De Backer score were calculated, providing index of microvascular vessel density; the Proportion of Perfused Vessels (PPV) and the Microvascular Flow Index (MFI), reflecting microcirculatory blood flow velocity, were analyzed semiquantitatively in small- (diameter < 20 μm) (MFIs) and medium-sized vessels (20–100 μm), as described previously [23]. The Flow Heterogeneity Index (HI) was also calculated, providing an index of heterogeneous microcirculatory perfusion, which is common during sepsis [24]. Each sequence was analyzed by two investigators, both blinded to the origin of the clip: one investigator from AOU Ospedali Riuniti (Ancona, Italy) and the other from Academic Medical Center (Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Inter-observer variability was calculated for all the sequences analyzed: the coefficient of variability ranged from 4.5% to 8.7% for MFI, from 3.5% to 5.7% for the TVD and from 4.3% to 7.9% for the PPV.
Microvascular glycocalyx assessment
SDF videos of at least 40 consecutive frames of approximately 950 μm by 700 μm sublingual tissue surface area were analyzed using the software GlycoCheck ICU (Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands) in order to measure the Perfused Boundary Region (PBR). The PBR is the dimension of the permeable part of the endothelial glycocalyx which allows the penetration of flowing red blood cells. Erythrocytes usually have a limited access into an intact glycocalyx: when this is compromised and starts losing its protective capacity, its permeability increases, allowing circulating cells to approach the luminal endothelial membrane more closely. As a result, the dimension of the erythrocyte PBR will increase [25].
Statistical analysis
Data were analyzed using GraphPad 5.0 program (GraphPad Software, Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA). Data are presented as median [25th–75th percentiles]. Descriptive statistics were computed for all study variables. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used, and stratified distribution plots were examined to verify the normality of distribution of continuous variables. Nonparametric measures of comparison were used when variables evaluated were not normally distributed. Differences between aPC and no-aPC group were assessed using a chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and unpaired t-test or Mann–Whitney U test as appropriate. One-way analysis of variance for repeated measures with Bonferroni post test or Friedman test with Dunn's post-test were used to assess the evolution of microvascular perfusion in each group. Relationships between variables were assessed by Spearman's correlation.
Differences were considered significant at (two-sided) p value < 0.05.
Thirteen patients receiving aPC were included during the study period. All the patients survived until the end of aPC infusion. General characteristics, hemodynamic and general management data are reported in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.
Table 1. Demographic data of aPC and no-aPC patients
Table 2. Hemodynamic and general management data
As shown in Table 2, MAP, PaO2/FiO2 and BE were significantly higher at T2 compared to T0, while lactate levels, norepinephrine infusion rate and SOFA score were significantly decreased.
Microcirculatory variables are shown in Table 3. All the microvascular parameters improved over time, with significant increases in MFI, MFIs (Figure 1A), TVD (Figure 1C), PVD (Figure 1D) and PPV (Figure 1E) and a decrease in the HI. A slight not significant decrease in PBR could be noted over time (Figure 1F).
Table 3. Microcirculatory data
Figure 1. Microcirculatory variables: aPC-group vs. no-aPC group. (a) Microvascular Flow Index for small vessels; (b) De Backer score; (c) Total ll Vessel Density, (d) Perfused Vessel Density; (e) Proportion of Perfused Vessels; (f) Perfused Boundary Region. # p < 0.05, vs. T0 in the aPC-group (## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.0001). * p < 0.05, aPC-group vs. aPC-group at the same time point.
Nine patients with contraindications to aPC infusion were monitored. All of them survived until the end of the study protocol. No-aPC patients did not significantly differ from aPC patients for age, gender, APACHE II score (Table 1), SOFA score, hemodynamic parameters and blood gas values (Table 2). Baseline microcirculatory variables were similar in no-aPC and aPC patients, except for PVD which was significantly lower in the aPC-group (p < 0.05, Table 3). Hemodynamic, blood gases and the microvascular flow did not show any significant change during the whole study period. A significant increase in the SOFA score was seen at T2 compared to T0 (Tables 2 and 3, Figure 1).
As shown in Table 2 and Figure 1, in aPC patients compared to no-aPC the MFI was higher at T1c (p = 0.02) and T2 (p = 0.001), MFIs, PVD, PPV and De Backer score were higher (p = 0.03, p = 0.04, p = 0.04, p = 0.03 respectively) and HI was lower (p = 0.01) at T2.
A significant correlation was found between MFIs and MAP (r = 0.3, p < 0.01) but their changes over time were not correlated. TVD, De Backer score and PVD were negatively correlated with norepinephrine dose (r = −0.4, p < 0.01; r = −0.3, p < 0.05; r = −0.2, p < 0.05, respectively). No relationship was seen between changes in CI or in ITBVI and changes in microcirculatory variables. The SOFA score was negatively correlated with MFIs (r = −0.3, p < 0.01), TVD (r = −0.5, p < 0.01) and PVD (r = −0.4, p < 0.01).
The present study confirms that aPC treatment improves the microcirculation in severe septic/septic shock patients. This is in accordance with the conclusions of De Backer et al. [18], who studied the effects of aPC on the microcirculation using orthogonal polarization spectral imaging and evaluated changes in the De Backer score and PPV. We tried to perform a more comprehensive analysis of the microcirculation by calculating further parameters for vessel density (TVD, PVD), microvascular perfusion (MFI, PPV) and flow distribution (HI). According to De Backer's findings, we found an improvement in the microvascular density following aPC infusion, suggesting a recruitment of capillaries which were not perfused before, and an increase in the amount of continuously perfused vessels. Additionally, the flow in the smaller vessels was improved and more homogeneously distributed–as results from the increase in MFIs and the decrease in the HI, respectively–suggesting a benefit of aPC on the rheology of the microcirculation during sepsis.
Moreover, whereas we found a stable improvement in the microcirculation, De Backer et al. had reported a transient early worsening in microcirculatory variables after aPC cessation, although they had neither indicated significant differences towards previous days, nor found a persistence of such a deterioration in the following 3 days. This discrepancy is not immediately clear to explain: indeed, aPC was infused at the same dose in both studies; differences in patient baseline characteristics between the two studied cannot be excluded, although baseline SOFA scores were similar in the two studies. Differences in time point measurements may have played a role: contrarily to De Backer, we only evaluated the microcirculation every 24 hours and might have missed a temporary slight alteration occurring during the end of aPC infusion. Still, if such a transient deterioration did occur, this might do nothing but confirm the role of aPC in influencing the microvascular function: indeed, it is logical to expect the end of the administration of a drug to be reflected by a transient instability at the level where it should act. Actually, looking at our raw data, the PPV seemed to slightly decrease after aPC cessation, even if the difference towards previous time points was not significant.
Data for this study had been collected before the publication of the PROWESS SHOCK trial and the withdrawal of aPC from the market. However, discrepancies between PROWESS and PROWESS SHOCK trials are still a matter of concern [26]. Several experimental evidences support the beneficial effect of aPC on the microcirculation [14-17]. In an experimental model of sepsis, Marechal et al. showed that aPC administration was able to preserve either microvascular perfusion and glycocalyx integrity [13]. Nevertheless, in our study the microvascular recovery seems not to be related to a glycocalyx restoration, although a slight even if not significant PBR decrease was found during aPC infusion.
A significant decrease in blood lactate and an increase in BE were seen during aPC treatment, which may reflect an improved tissue oxygen uptake. This is consistent with our previous findings: using near infrared spectroscopy, we demonstrated that aPC infusion may increase tissue oxygenation and microvascular reactivity in severely septic patients, leading to an improved cellular metabolism [27]. MAP also increased after aPC administration. Nevertheless, this does not seem to be the reason for the microvascular improvement, since either we and De Backer found no relationship between changes in MAP and the improvement in MFIs. Moreover, CI and ITBVI did not change in aPC- nor in no-aPC patients and were not correlated to microvascular variables, according to previous evidences [28,29]. We agree with De Backer in rather relating the increase in MAP to an effect of a better microvascular tone. Indeed, many experimental studies demonstrated that aPC can protect the microcirculation from endotoxic shock thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties [15,30-32] and the rise in MAP can be reasonably explained by its ability to inhibit the iNOS, thereby preventing the arteriolar vasodilation [12].
The case-crossover analysis, in which each patient served as his/her own control, is a major limitation of our study. We cannot be sure that the microvascular improvement depended on different treatments or the independent evolution in the patient's condition rather than aPC infusion.
We monitored 9 severe sepsis/septic shock patients who did not receive aPC because of contraindications. The fact that these patients did not show any improvement in the microcirculation over time would suggest that aPC infusion can really exert a beneficial effect on microvascular perfusion. However, beyond the lack of differences in general characteristics and the collected baseline clinical data, these patients were different from aPC-patients by definition and the comparison between them cannot provide any conclusion. As a major limitation, our analysis is lacking of a real control group with patients adequately matched to those receiving aPC, which would allow to reliably discriminate the effects of aPC on the microcirculation by controlling for possible confounding factors. However, the case crossover design was required for ethical reasons.
A further limitation of our study is that many factors were not considered which might have independently affected the microcirculation. Moreover, the sample was too small and heterogeneous to adjust for potential confounders.
The ability to improve the microcirculation would be of major importance since the persistence of microvascular alterations during septic shock proved to be associated with the occurrence of organ failures and mortality [28]. In our cohort, microvascular flow and density negatively correlated with norepinephrine requirement and SOFA score. Unfortunately, our study was not designed to look at mortality. Therefore, the relation between aPC treatment and outcome could not be investigated, nor was it possible to reliably test an association between the microvascular improvement and survival. As a limitation, our data do not allow to support that an aPC-induced improvement in microvascular perfusion may eventually result in lower risk of mortality.
The present study supports a role of aPC treatment in improving the microvascular perfusion in severe sepsis/septic shock patients. The relationship between the aPC-induced microvascular improvement and the outcome is still to be demonstrated.
ICU: Intensive care unit; aPC: Activated protein C; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; CI: Cardiac index; ITBVI: Intrathoracic blood volume index; TVD: Total vessel density; PVD: Perfused vessel density; MFI: Microvascular flow index; MFIs: Microvascular flow index for small vessels; PPV: Proportion of perfused vessels; HI: Flow heterogeneity index; PBR: Perfused boundary region; APACHE II: Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment; T: Body temperature; HR: Hearth rate; BE: Base excess; SDF: Sidestream dark field.
Competing interests
CI is the inventor of sidestream dark field imaging technology and holds shares in MicroVision Medical and was a consultant for this company more than four years ago but has had no further contact with the company since then. He has no other competing interests in this field other than his commitment to promoting the importance of the microcirculation during patient care; and no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.
The other authors have no competing interests to declare.
Authors' contributions
AD and CI conceived, designed and supervised the study. LB, MRL, RD, BM, PC made substantial contribution to the acquisition of the data. LB, MRL, RD and JWGEvanT analyzed microcirculation videos. AD and ED interpreted the data, performed the statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript. GM, PP and EA supervised and evaluated the study and helped to interpret the data. All authors had full access to the data and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We thank all the patients who kindly gave their consent to the participation in this study and all the nurse and medical staff for the support and contribution to the realization of this work.
Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR: Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care.
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N Engl J Med 2012, 366:2055-2064. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Casserly B, Gerlach H, Phillips GS, Marshall JC, Lemeshow S, Levy MM: Evaluating the use of recombinant human activated protein C in adult severe sepsis: results of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign.
Crit Care Med 2012, 40:1417-1426. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Kalil AC, LaRosa SP: Effectiveness and safety of drotrecogin alfa (activated) for severe sepsis: a meta-analysis and metaregression.
Lancet Infect Dis 2012, 12:678-686. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Rimmer E, Kumar A, Doucette S, Marshall J, Dial S, Gurka D, Dellinger RP, Sharma S, Penner C, Kramer A, Wood K, Ronald J, Kumar A, Turgeon AF, Houston DS, Zarychanski R, Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock Database Research Group: Activated protein C and septic shock: a propensity-matched cohort study.
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Walker FJ, Sexton PW, Esmon CT: The inhibition of blood coagulation by activated protein C through the selective inactivation of activated factor V.
Biochim Biophys Acta 1979, 571:333-342. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Guitton C, Cottereau A, Gérard N, Quillard T, Chauveau A, Devallière J, Tonnerre P, Charreau B: Protective cross talk between activated protein C and TNF signaling in vascular endothelial cells: implication of EPCR, non canonical NF-kB, and ERK1/2 kinases.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011, 300:C833-C842. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Bartolome S, Wood JG, Casillan AJ, Simpson SQ, O'Brien-Ladner AR: Activated protein C attenuates microvascular injury during systemic hypoxia.
Shock 2008, 29:384-387. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Iba T, Kidokoro A, Fukunaga M, Nagakari K, Shirahama A, Ida Y: Activated protein C improves the visceral microcirculation by attenuating the leukocyte-endothelial interaction in a rat lipopolysaccharide model.
Crit Care Med 2005, 33:368-372. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Isobe H, Okajima K, Uchiba M, Mizutani A, Harada N, Nagasaki A, Okabe K: Activated protein C prevents endotoxin-induced hypotension in rats by inhibiting excessive production of nitric oxide.
Circulation 2001, 104:1171-1175. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Marechal X, Favory R, Joulin O, Montaigne D, Hassoun S, Decoster B, Zerimech F, Neviere R: Endothelial glycocalyx damage during endotoxemia coincides with microcirculatory dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress.
Shock 2008, 29:572-576. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Lehmann C, Meissner K, Knöck A, Diedrich S, Pavlovic D, Gründling M, Usichenko T, Wendt M, Birnbaum J: Activated protein C improves intestinal microcirculation in experimental endotoxaemia in the rat.
Crit Care 2006, 10:R157. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Lehmann C, Scheibe R, Schade M, Meissner K, Gründling M, Usichenko T, Wendt M, Hung O, Whynot S, Murphy M, Pavlovic D: Effects of activated protein C on the mesenteric microcirculation and cytokine release during experimental endotoxemia.
Can J Anaesth 2008, 55:155-162. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Teschendorf P, Padosch SA, Del Valle Y, Fuentes D, Peter C, Fuchs A, Popp E, Spöhr F, Böttiger BW, Walther A: Effects of activated protein C on post cardiac arrest microcirculation: an in vivo microscopy study.
Resuscitation 2009, 80:940-945. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Maybauer MO, Maybauer DM, Fraser JF, Szabo C, Westphal M, Kiss L, Horvath EM, Nakano Y, Herndon DN, Traber LD, Traber DL: Recombinant human activated protein C attenuates cardiovascular and microcirculatory dysfunction in acute lung injury and septic shock.
Crit Care 2010, 14:R217. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
De Backer D, Verdant C, Chierego M, Koch M, Gullo A, Vincent JL: Effects of drotrecogin alfa activated on microcirculatory alterations in patients with severe sepsis.
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Vincent JL, Moreno J, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendonca A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG: The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure.
Intensive Care Med 1996, 22:707-710. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Goedhart PT, Khalilzada M, Bezemer R, Merza J, Ince C: Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) imaging: a novel stroboscopic LED ring-based imaging modality for clinical assessment of the microcirculation.
Opt Express 2007, 15:15101-15114. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
De Backer D, Hollenberg S, Boerma C, Goedhart P, Büchele G, Ospina-Tascon G, Dobbe I, Ince C: How to evaluate the microcirculation: report of a round table conference.
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Boerma EC, Mathura KR, van der Voort PH, Spronk PE, Ince C: Quantifying bedside-derived imaging of microcirculatory abnormalities in septic patients: a prospective validation study.
Crit Care 2005, 9:R601-R606. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Ellis CG, Bateman RM, Sharpe MD, Sibbald WJ, Gill R: Effect of a maldistribution of microvascular blood flow on capillary O2 extraction in sepsis.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002, 282:H156-H164. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Vlahu CA, Lemkes BA, Struijk DG, Koopman MG, Krediet RT, Vink H: Damage of the endothelial glycocalyx in dialysis patients.
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Kalil AC, Florescu DF: Severe sepsis: are PROWESS and PROWESS-SHOCK trials comparable? A clinical and statistical heterogeneity analysis.
Crit Care 2013, 17:167. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text
Donati A, Romanelli M, Botticelli L, Valentini A, Gabbanelli V, Nataloni S, Principi T, Pelaia P, Bezemer R, Ince C: Recombinant activated protein C treatment improves tissue perfusion and oxygenation in septic patients measured by near-infrared spectroscopy.
Crit Care 2009, 13(Suppl 5):S12. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Sakr Y, Dubois MJ, De Backer D, Creuter J, Vincent JL: Persistent microcirculatory alterations are associated with organ failure and death in patients with septic shock.
Crit Care Med 2004, 32:1825-1831. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Trzeciak S, Dellinger RP, Parrillo JE, Guglielmi M, Bajaj J, Abate NL, Arnold RC, Colilla S, Zanotti S, Hollemberg SM, Microcirculatory Alterations in Resuscitation and Shock Investigators: Early microcirculatory perfusion derangements in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: relationship to hemodynamics, oxygen transport and survival.
Ann Emerg Med 2007, 49:88-98. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Sarangi PP, Lee HW, Kim M: Activated protein C action in inflammation.
Br J Haematol 2010, 148:817-833. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Riewald M, Petrovan RJ, Donner A, Mueller BM, Ruf W: Activation of endothelial cell protease active receptor 1 by the protein C pathway.
Science 2002, 296:1880-1882. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
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Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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Apple iMac
Apple iMac
Microsoft Lumia 550
Microsoft Lumia 550
Far Cry Primal
Far Cry Primal
Microsoft's Display Dock
Microsoft's Display Dock
Nikon D7200
Nikon D7200
From official-looking renders to solid spec sheets, we know almost all there is to know about the so-called Lumia 950
From official-looking renders to solid spec sheets, we know almost all there is to know about the so-called Lumia 950
It's no pack leader but the Xperia Z5 is a good choice if you love Sony's style.
It's no pack leader but the Xperia Z5 is a good choice if you love Sony's style.
Microsoft Surface Book vs Apple MacBook Pro (2015)
Microsoft Surface Book vs Apple MacBook Pro (2015)
20 of the best apps for iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus
20 of the best apps for iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus
We're here to decipher the difference between a Hero+ and its LCD-toting brethren
We're here to decipher the difference between a Hero+ and its LCD-toting brethren
ZX Spectrum Vega vs Recreated ZX Spectrum
ZX Spectrum Vega vs Recreated ZX Spectrum
It seems a long time ago that Dell was known only for its highly customisable but terminally dull range of business laptops. In recent years it's splashed out on Alienware, opened the 'Design Studio' and, more recently, crafted the rather beautiful premium 'Adamo' range.
While the original Adamo was an attack on Apple's MacBook Air, the Adamo XPS is seemingly more interested in undermining the laws of physics. It's miraculous that Dell has crammed so much technology – or, indeed, any technology – into the Adamo's 9.99mm thin case.
Wide boy
As a result, the XPS is a bit wider and deeper than most laptops, and it definitely won't fit into an A4 envelope. It's also not the lightest around, thanks to its metal construction. But it's light enough to take with you, even if you're not sure you'll use it.
You inevitably will, if only to show off the ingenious opening mechanism to the rest of the café. Simply swipe your finger on the lid's touch-sensitive bar, and it'll unlock for duty.
The plastic catches that hold it shut do make us worry about longevity, and the system does mean you can't open the laptop when the battery's flat. But it still had us grinning like the PG Tips monkey.
It hinges on this
You'd think that the Adamo's hinge, which uses the base of the screen as the world's fanciest keyboard legs, would make it hard to use. But you can adjust the viewing angle a fair bit and the hinge is just about stiff enough to keep it where you want. It won't cope with any folded-flat-in-bed scenarios you may hanker after, though – laps and tables are definitely required.
The keyboard is quite simply a work of genius. Its well-spaced, metallic keys are solid, responsive and beg to be pressed. But the function keys sit flush to the case above, meaning you have to poke them through the chassis to register a press. That feels wrong, so if you're the panicky sort who's always hammering 'Escape' to cancel the overly aggressive email you've just sent, this might not be for you.
Stunning screen
The Adamo's keypad also supports multitouch functions, so you're able to 'pinch to zoom' to control certain tools – which is handy if you've been won over by a popular brand of smart telephone, but unnecessary for most experienced laptop users.
Happily, your premium price point delivers a premium screen, with Windows 7 beaming out via a 13.4in WLED display that gives you 1366x768 pixels to shuffle. This is far from the browsing-through-a-letterbox experience you get on a cheap netbook, and rightly so.
Video playback performance makes the most of the screen's qualities and is superb. The 1.4GHz Core 2 Duo processor effortlessly handles 720p HD movies, but while sound quality is sharp and clear the speakers could do with going louder. Audio seems pegged at around seven, so a decent set of noise-cancelling headphones are a must.
Battery issues
Despite its impressive processing power, connectivity isn't great. Ethernet comes via a USB adaptor and, while there's a DisplayPort output and the faster Wi-Fi 802.11n variant is supported, there's no card reader for putting photos of yourself on Facebook followed by a pitiful message 12 hours later about drunkenly leaving your £1,750 laptop in a taxi.
Battery life is undeniably poor in this age of eight-hour ultraportables. The UK-spec XPS ships with a 20 Watt-hour battery, and you're lucky to get two and a half hours from it. But, considering the XPS doesn't look or feel like it has a battery at all, it's not bad a trade off.
If it does prove a problem, a 40 Watt-hour option will soon be available in the US. It'll cost you to import, but money is no option, right?
The Adamo is a design statement and one of the few laptops to give the MacBook Air a run for its money. But those who want their cash to go further may want to look at the similarly priced Sony Vaio Z31VN/X, which also has a 13.4in screen but somehow packs a DVD-RW drive into a chassis that's lighter, more portable and has a better battery.
Lenovo Yoga Pro 3
Lenovo Yoga Pro 3


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The School of Exercise and Health Sciences incorporates undergraduate degree programs in the areas of Exercise and Sports Science, Sports Science and Football, Occupational Therapy and Health Science. As part of the Health Science course, students can select from one of five majors, including Addiction Studies, Environmental Health, Health Promotion, Nutrition and Occupational Safety and Health.
In addition, our undergraduate courses can lead to postgraduate study in the areas of Nutrition and Dietetics, Occupational Health and Safety, Public Health and more.
We strive for excellence in learning and teaching and place a strong focus on nurturing the development of an active research culture.
"The specialised AFL component is fantastic!"
Sports Science and Football student
The School has a very active research program aligned to the various academic disciplines, these include:
Why does eating a big meal sometimes make you tired? Dr Angus Stewart investigates.
It's normal to experience muscle pain after exercising if it's been a while since you were active or performed a certain movement, ECU's Professor Ken Nosaka looks at the facts.
Students from Belridge Senior High School's Year 11 Physical Education Studies course recently participated in an exercise physiology laboratory run through the School of Exercise and Health Sciences Human Performance Centre.


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About Our HOA
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Need a pool key? New or replacement? Please stop by the management office - 2266 Camino Ramon in San Ramon - Monday thru Friday between 8am-noon or 1-4pm. Replacement key charge is $25; please bring a check payable to Alamo Creek HOA.
Hours of Operation: Exercise Room-6am to 10pm Pool: 7am to 10pm
Note: Your key card opens both exercise room doors.
The pool will open for the season on Wednesday, April 29, 2015.
Interested in renting the Community Room? Email the liaison (
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~ News ~
Security Update
Posted on Jul 6th, 2015
Comments (0)
Toll Brothers has hired a security company, Securitas, to address homeowner concerns relating to trespassing of the open spaces by unauthorized vehicles and issues with construction noise. Securitas will assist in the enforcement of the construction work hours with their vendors. The work hours are 7:25 a.m. to 6 p.m. Monday –Friday and 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. on Saturday. If construction workers are generating noise outside of these posted hours, Securitas will ask the workers to cease immediately and will then notify the Project Manager of the incident, so the Project Manager can determine if any further action is required for compliance of the posted work hours. Securitas will also check that all construction gates have been closed and locked at the end of each work day, and will routinely check the gates to ensure that they remain closed and locked as well as will monitor the models and construction site to prevent vandalism and theft.
Posted on Jun 15th, 2015
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As in last year, the Swim Center Committee agreed to hire a security company to patrol the common area after the pool closes as a deterrent to unscrupulous activity. BlueSky Security will patrol the pool area from 10:00 pm to 2:00 am, 4 random nights per week. Please keep in mind this is the sole purpose of BlueSky Security. After hours emergencies related to HOA property (irrigation leaks and the like) should be directed to 925-831-2309. Any illegal activity should be reported to the Contra Costa Sheriff at 925-335.1500.
Bengali Park Strip Landscaping
Posted on May 29th, 2015
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At the October 2014 Board of Directors meeting the Board accepted an offer from Toll Brothers to replace the Myoporum in the park strips along Bengali, from Charbray to the new park. The chosen plant replacement is Asiatic Jasmine, the type of groundcover that is currently planted on Belarus. This decision to remove the current groundcover is meant to address some homeowner concerns about bees that are attracted to the Myoporum flowers in the late spring. Asiatic Jasmine was chosen as the preferred park strip ground cover by the Landscape Committee.
Since this decision was made both the Board and management received comments from homeowners who did not want the current park strip groundcover replaced. In a meeting with representatives from Toll Brothers, the Alamo Creek Landscape Committee voted to send a questionnaire to the 42 affected homes on Bengali to get their vote on whether or not to remove the current Myoporum groundcover and replace it with the Asiatic Jasmine that is planted on Belarus.
24 responses were received and here are the results:
17 votes were for replacing the Myoporum with Asiatic Jasmine
7 votes were against replacing the Myoporum with Asiatic Jasmine
The timing of replacement will coincide when seasonal rain returns.
Community Updates
Posted on Jan 22nd, 2015
Comments (0)
We are pleased to announce the opening of the Bengali Street park! It will open at 9:00 am on Saturday, January 24, 2015. Please take care of your new park by properly disposing of trash, staying off the new shrub beds and keeping your dog on a leash. Look for 'Park Rules' to follow soon for more specific guidelines to preserve the park.
Speaking of plants, it has been reported that about a dozen new shrubs were recently stolen from the new park planter bed. If anybody has details about this, please contact the management office.
Reminder – please remove your Christmas lights and any other holiday decorations by January 31, 2015.
Thanks for your cooperation and efforts in maintaining our beautiful community.
Bengali Street Park
Posted on Dec 17th, 2014
Comments (0)
The Alamo Creek Board of Directors was approached by homeowners who are interested in having bocce ball courts as an Association amenity added to the new Bengali Street Park. The Board was open to the idea and asked the homeowners to bring plans, cost estimates, etc. to a meeting for review and discussion. This took place at the Board meeting on December 3, 2014.
At that meeting it was brought to the Board's attention that there may be other homeowners who have additional ideas for adding specific amenities to the Bengali Park and those options should be explored.
The Board of Directors asks that if any Alamo Creek homeowners have ideas for other recreational amenities they would like to see added to the Bengali Park, please bring specific plans and cost estimates to the next Board of Directors meeting for review and discussion by the Board of Directors. The next meeting is scheduled for March 4, 2015 at 7pm in the Community Room.
Pool Closing
Posted on Oct 21st, 2014
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Good Morning,
The community pool will close for the season on Monday, October 27. Thanks for another safe and successful pool season!
Thank You
Are You on the Email Blast Distribution?
Posted on Jun 25th, 2014
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Here's what you missed by not being
signed up to receive updates via email:
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Park on Bengali Street (Overall Plan)
Posted on Mar 26th, 2014
Comments (0)
There is a great deal of interest in the progress of the Bob Duchi Park on Bengali Street scheduled to open later this year. The two tot lots, restrooms and picnic areas are shown. Please see the link below for the overall plan.
Overall Plan
Park on Bengali Street
Posted on Feb 26th, 2014
Comments (0)
We anticipate the park opening later this year. However, this is all dependent on Contra Costa County approval.
Dial-A-Ride Service
Posted on Feb 13th, 2014
Comments (0)
County Connection recently began running a dial-a-ride type service from the Alamo Creek and Ponderosa Colony developments. This service is funded by a traffic mitigation fee on resident property tax bills. Here's the link to their website announcement.
Questions should be directed to Mary Burdick:
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
View Archives
~ Surveys ~
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~ Upcoming Events ~
Board of Directors Meeting
Wednesday, October 14th, 7:00 PM at Alamo Creek Community Center
Regularly scheduled Board of Directors meeting - homeowners are encouraged to attend!
View All Events
~ Announcements ~
Locking Mailbox Inserts
By Cheryl Franklin on March 13, 2012
Locking Mailbox Inserts can be ordered from www.mailboxnet.com
Order part number "LB-1". Cost is about $59.00 plus shipping.
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Are there any other markings on the batteries besides the 'Rechargable' and '+/-'?
In the picture the batteries always seem to be showing the same side. Just wondering if there is any fine print on the other side or if they are as streamlined and beautifully simple as they look.
- Asked by Michael W from Grand Rapids
- Flag as inappropriate (Are there any other markings on the batteries besides the 'Rechargable' and '+/-'?)
3 Answers from the Community
Best Answer:
On the opposite side, there are three symbols (recycle US/CAN with a contact number, don't throw in trash logo, and a recycle logo. It also has the text: "Size AA Ni-MH Min 1900 mAh 1.2v HR6" and "Do not dispose of in fire or short circuit. Charge only with an Apple-specified charger. Made in Japan."
- Answered by Daniel B from Limestone
- Flag as inappropriate Answer 1
there are recycling, manufacturer's location, and battery type written on the opposite side
- Answered by Ted P from Vancouver
- Flag as inappropriate Answer 2
There is very small fine print + a few logos on the reverse side.
- Answered by Kevin K from Auburndale
- Flag as inappropriate Answer 3
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Saturday Nature Walks -- Swaner EcoCenter
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Discover your home away from home. Our University Ambassadors will personally escort you around campus, answer questions, and treat you to some Aggie Ice Cream. We can arrange a time for you to meet with your academic advisor, learn about on-campus housing, and have lunch on us. Parking validation is provided at the end of your stay. All campus tours begin in the Admissions Office, TSC 102, unless specified otherwise. During the school year (September-April), we offer tours Monday-Friday at 10:15 a.m. and 1:15 p.m. During the summer (May-August), we offer tours Monday-Friday at 10:15 a.m. only. Large tour days have three time slots available starting with 9:30am sessions. Tours are capped at 50 people per session to better accommodate our guests. You must register for your tour by at least 11:00am the day prior to requested tour date. Your tour will last about 1 hour and 15 minutes, but we want you to hang out with us all day!
To ensure you have the very best experience please register ahead of time by selecting options above. Allow at least three working days to process your request. For special tours and groups of 12 or more, please register at least two weeks in advance by selecting group tours above.
Are you coming from out-of-state? In addition to regular campus tours, we also offer events specific to out-of-state students. These events provide the opportunity to tour campus, tour Logan, participate in workshops and more. For information and to see set dates click here.
Are you a Transfer Student? In addition to regular campus tours we also offer Transfer Days which include a campus tour; information about financial aid, transferring credits, housing, involvement, and more. Transfer Days are offered on various Fridays throughout the year. For information and to see set dates click here.
Please feel free to call 800.488.8108 or 797.1079 locally if you have more questions.


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With 1.7 million freelancers, we'll match you with the perfect talent.
The client has made the following changes to the job.
Bidding period extended.
Client prefers freelancers from:
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a different location.
I need to have 2 logos created that will be used for both web and video title screens. The two brands in need of logo creation:
1) SportsHistory.com
2) Foundations of the Game
Both entities will feature content related to sports history and sports nostalgia. So, I'm looking for something that is modern, clean, and elegant that also may draw on an emotion of nostalgia.
SportsHistory.com will be a web site with original web/video and archived, curated content. 'Foundations of the Game' is a video content channel (which will also appear on sportshistory.com) featuring former famous athletes who now do charitable foundation work.
The logo/brand elements are part of a start-up launch/pitch. Thank you for your consideration.
Added 5 AUG 2012, 21:35 PM EDT
In your response, please provide examples of your logo/web design work in attachment or links to your portfolio. Inquiries without portfolio examples will not be replied.
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