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Join the City for the Filipino-American History Month Celebration on Sat., October 10, 11:00 am-4:00 pm, Pacelli Event Center
October 2, 2015
Join the City for the annual Filipino-American History Month Celebration on Sat., October 10, 11:00 am-4:00 pm, Pacelli Event Center, at 145 Lake Merced Blvd.
Learn About Medicare Open Enrollment, Mon., October 19, 1:00-2:00 pm, at Westlake Library
October 1, 2015
Health Insurance Counseling and Advocacy Program (HICAP) of San Mateo County in partnership with the Daly City Public Libraries is providing a community presentation to prepare beneficiaries for Medicare's open enrollment period. Free and open to the public, the presentation is scheduled on Mon., October 19, 1:00-2:00 pm, at Westlake Library, 275 Southgate Ave.
Daly City Receives Silver Spotlight Award for Efforts to Address Climate Change
October 1, 2015
The Institute for Local Government and the Statewide Energy Efficiency Collaborative honored the City of Daly City with two Spotlight Awards for the City's efforts to save energy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adopt policies and program that promote sustainability.
Below Market Rate Housing Units Available at Crestview Estates
September 21, 2015
Brand new, affordable homes will be available for sale to income-qualified applicants at Crestview Estates.
Daly City Implements New Pilot Program to Conserve More Water
September 1, 2015
The City of Daly City, through its subsidiary the North San Mateo County Sanitation District, is initiating a new Pilot Residential Recycled Water Use Program for outdoor landscape irrigation to the first 100 eligible homeowners from Daly City and Broadmoor.
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PITTSFIELD, Mass. — The city's first methadone clinic will open on Tuesday.
Spectrum Health Systems announced on Friday that the new outpatient clinic will begin treatment and counseling beginning Oct. 9.
The clinic's Summer Street location had been the cause of controversy since news leaked of the 43-year-old nonprofit health agency's intention to locate a methadone clinic in the downtown. City officials attempts to block the move ended when a federal court found in Spectrum's favor.
Now the company will begin the services that many in the city protested against, fearing the clinic would draw an unsavory clientele and hamper downtown revitalization. The court settlement did ask the company to consider moving to facilities offered by Berkshire Health Systems when space becomes available; city officials are still hoping for that.
Debate has centered mostly around the location and not as much on the need for the clinic. Officials have agreed that the city has an opiod abuse problem and cite statistics that show it has one of the highest per capita rate of abuse in the state.
"There is a need in the treatment community, and Department of Public Health data shows that," Kristin Nolan, Spectrum's director of outpatient services, said in the prepared announcement of the opening. "Local residents will no longer have to travel roundtrip as far away as Springfield and Holyoke on a daily basis to get treatment. That travel time is certainly a hindrance to an individual trying to integrate back into being a productive member of the community."
Spectrum provides counseling, treatment and after-care planning. For more information, contact the intake department at 1-800-464-9555, Ext. 1161.
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Cross-curricular experiences are essential for students of all ages. We know from real world experience that science and literacy can go hand in hand. In addition to providing a complete K-2 science curriculum that meets Next Generation Science Standards, Science4Us integrates language arts activities that help children practice a number of literacy skills such as: understanding of the relationship and meanings of words and the ability to determine the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words.
By using science content to help students practice literacy skills, Science4Us is also able to give literacy an authentic context and help deepen understanding. Through both online and printable activities, as well as integrated language arts, Science4Us can help make the most of your in the classroom or homeschooling day.
Visit their website to sign-up for a 60-day trial this summer to see Science4Us in action!


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HOUSTON (AP) — A school district spokesman says a high school student who shot himself while handcuffed in the back of a patrol car after being taking into custody at his Houston-area campus had told a friend he might hurt himself.
Police say they're investigating how the gun the student shot himself with wasn't found before he was put in the vehicle Wednesday.
Galena Park school district spokesman Jonathan Frey says deputies picked up the 17-year-old Wednesday morning after he'd texted a friend that he wanted to hurt himself.
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Concert scare for Lavigne as fan dashes onstage
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A recent Avril Lavigne concert in Brazil was interrupted when a crazed fan rushed the stage in a bid to greet the singer.
The Sk8er Boy hitmaker was performing on Tuesday when a concertgoer dashed past security guards, hopped onstage and ran towards Lavigne as she sat at a piano preparing to cover Coldplay's Fix You.
The singer's bodyguard promptly sprung into action and whisked the overzealous fan away before he could reach Lavigne.
In a video, obtained by The Hollywood Reporter, the singer can be heard screaming in shock and backing up to position herself away from the scuffle between her fan and her minder.
Lavigne, who was surprised but uninjured, then carried on with her performance.
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Mission Flour Whole Wheat Medium Soft Taco (10 ct., 16 oz.)
by Mission | Item #: 190652 |
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- No cholesterol
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Mission whole wheat combines a wholesome blend of 100% whole grain with the freshly baked taste of mission tortillas. Soft and delicious, mission whole wheat tortillas offer a good source of fiber and naturally occurring Ingredients that only whole grains can provide. Make mission whole wheat a healthy addition to your balanced diet. Look for other nutritious and delicious mission plus! Better-for-you products.
Ingredients Enriched Bleached Wheat Flour, Water, Vegetable Shortening (Interesterified Soybean Oil, Hydrogenated Soybean Oil and/Or Palm Oil), Contains 2% Or Less of: Leavening (Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Aluminum Sulfate, Corn Starch, Monocalcium Phosphate and/Or Sodium Acid Pyrophosphate, Calcium Sulfate), Salt, Sugar, Preservatives (Calcium Propionate, Sorbic Acid and/Or Citric Acid), Dough Conditioners (Fumaric Acid, Sodium Metabisulfite and/Or Mono- and Diglycerides). Contains: Wheat.
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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jan 23, 2001
|Filing date
|Nov 26, 1997
|Priority date
|Nov 26, 1997
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Ron Frank Forman, John M. Pechacek, Walter H. Schwane
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Referenced by (42), Classifications (31), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Technical Field
This invention generally relates to computer systems, and more specifically relates to an apparatus and method for measuring transaction time in a computer system.
2. Background Art
The development of the EDVAC computer system of 1948 is often cited as the beginning of the computer era. Since that time, computer systems have evolved into extremely sophisticated devices, and computer systems may be found in many different environments. Since the dawn of the computer age, the performance of computers has been measured to determine how well the computer performs certain tasks. One measure of computer performance is response time, which is used herein to broadly define the time it takes the computer to perform a specific task or transaction. Generally, the response time that is of most interest is the user-perceived response time. For a single user on a single stand-alone computer system, the user-perceived response time is virtually the same as the time it takes the computer to perform the desired task or transaction. However, as multiple users and computers are added, the user-perceived response time is different than the processing time for the task on a single computer.
In the early days of computers, one or more relatively powerful and expensive computers could be shared by many users. Referring to FIG. 1, a number of computer terminals 130 were typically connected to a single computer 110 known as a "host." These computer terminals 130 are commonly known as non-programmable workstations (i.e., "dumb terminals") because they simply display information transmitted to it by the host, and lack any processing power to perform local tasks. One example of a very well-known computer terminal is the IBM 5250, which displays alphanumeric text in row and column format. In a computing environment 100 with a host 110 and one or more terminals 130 (referred to herein as a host computing environment), a communications controller 120 was typically included to facilitate the communications between the single host 110 and multiple terminals 130. In a host computing environment 100, software applications run on host 110, and display information is transmitted by host 110 via communications controller 120 to terminals 130. In this manner a user sitting at a particular terminal 130 may start an application on host 110, and host 110 will then display an appropriate screen to the user at the appropriate terminal 130. The user may then enter data in response to the displayed screen, if required.
A host computer and its dumb terminals communicate using an architected data stream that determines the action to be taken when certain characters are transmitted back and forth. When the user desires to perform a task or transaction, the user inputs the appropriate information on the screen to start the task, and presses the enter key to send this information to the host in a data stream. The host takes the information, processes the information appropriately, returns data to the dumb terminal in a data stream (that is typically displayed on the screen), and then unlocks the keyboard for further input by the user.
Determining the user-perceived response time in a host computing environment is relatively straightforward by monitoring the data stream between the host and the terminals. The communications controller 120 monitors the data stream to determine when and how to pass the data between host 110 and terminals 130. As a result, integrating a response time measurement mechanism 160 into communications controller 120 is relatively straightforward. Response time measurement mechanism 160 includes a response time collector 140 and a response time list 150. A response time collector 140 determines the user-perceived response time, and stores this information in a response time list 150. The response time collector 140 starts a timer when the user presses the "Enter" key on his or her terminal, and stops the timer when host 110 sends the "keyboard unlock" message back to that terminal. Response time collector 140 then stores the response time in response time list 150. The contents of response time list 150 may be accessed by host 110 as needed. Response time monitoring mechanism 160 thus provides a simple way to accurately determine the user-perceived response time in a host computing environment 100. However, determining the user-perceived response time in a network computer environment presents greater challenges.
The widespread proliferation of computers prompted the development of computer networks that allow computers to communicate with each other. With the introduction of the personal computer (PC), computing became accessible to large numbers of people. Networks for personal computers were developed that allow individual users to communicate with each other. In this manner, a large number of people within a company, for example, could communicate at the same time with a software application running on one computer system. A computing system that includes multiple computers communicating over a network is generically referred to herein as a network computing environment. One example of a suitable network computing environment 200 is shown in FIG. 2, and includes a server computer system 210 communicating over a network with multiple clients 230.
Today, computer networks are ubiquitous, and great time and effort is being expended to increase the performance of computer networks. One aspect of performance is the user-perceived response time. However, with computers in a network computing environment, known network protocols do not provide any uniform mechanism for determining user-perceived response time. So important are user-perceived response times that some consultants are now basing their fees on the improvement in user-perceived response times they are able to achieve. Therefore, measurement of user-perceived response time is critically important. The problem of accurately measuring user-perceived response time in a network computing environment is complicated by the fact that multiple computers on the network may process sub-parts of a task or transaction in parallel, so the different computers that perform the various sub-tasks will not know when the entire task or transaction is complete. The focus of response time measurements in a network computing environment have been on measuring transaction times. Transaction time is the time required for a transaction to go from start to finish, regardless of how the various steps are accomplished. For the discussion herein, the term transaction time is understood to be the user-perceived response time.
One possible solution to monitoring user-perceived response time is illustrated in FIG. 2, and would place a response time measurement mechanism 260 in the server computer system 210. Response time measurement mechanism 260 could have a response time collector 240 and a response time list 250. Response time collector 240 would actively monitor and interrogate each client 230 to determine response times, and would store these response times in response time list 250. This solution, however, takes considerable processing power and excessive overhead, which would significantly degrade system performance. For this reason, this solution has not been implemented in large-scale networks.
The prior art methods of measuring response time in a network computing environment have excessive overhead, and are not easily implemented. Therefore, there existed a need to provide a response time monitoring mechanism that efficiently collects response times in a network computing environment without introducing excessive overhead.
According to preferred embodiments of the present invention, a transaction time measurement mechanism has a transaction time manager running on a server computer system, a transaction time agent running on a client computer system that is coupled to the server computer system via a network, and a simple protocol for allowing them to directly and efficiently communicate. The transaction time agent is configured according to configuration data stored in a configuration table in a transaction time database, and stores transaction time data in a statistics table according to this configuration. The data in the statistics table is indexed to allow retrieving only the transaction time data of interest. The simple communication protocol supports multiple transaction time managers in a network computing environment that may all communicate with a single client.
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, where like designations denote like elements, and:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a computer system showing response time measurement in a host computing environment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a computer system showing one possible method for collecting response time measurements in a network computing environment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram a computer system showing a possible method for collecting transaction time measurements in a network computing environment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a computer system for collecting transaction time measurements in a network computing environment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the configuration table shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the statistics table shown in FIG. 4; and
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of steps that may be performed in measuring transaction times according to a method in accordance with a preferred embodiment.
The transaction time monitoring mechanisms of the present invention will be discussed in terms of object oriented software. For those that are not familiar with object oriented software, the Overview section below presents background material for understanding the preferred embodiments described below.
Object Oriented Programming
One of the relatively recent advances in the field of software development has been the emergence of object oriented programming technology. The goal of using object-oriented programming is to create small, reusable sections of program code known as objects that can be quickly and easily combined and re-used to create new programs. This is similar to the idea of using the same set of building blocks again and again to create many different structures. The modular and re-usable aspects of objects typically speeds development of new programs, thereby reducing the costs associated with the development cycle. In addition, by creating and re-using a group of well-tested objects, a more stable, uniform, and consistent approach to developing new computer programs can be achieved.
One of the central ideas in object oriented programming is the concept of a class. A class is a definition of a set of like objects. As such, a class can be thought of as an abstraction of the objects or as a definition of a type of object. From the view of a computer system, a single object represents an encapsulated set of data and the operation or a group of operations that are performed by a computer system upon that data.
Each class definition comprises data definitions that define the information controlled by the object and operation definitions that define the operation or operations performed by objects on the data that each object controls. In other words, a class definition defines how an object acts and reacts to other objects by defining an operation or set of operations that is/are performed on the defined data. (Please note that operations are sometimes called methods, method programs, and/or member functions.) Objects interact by invoking their own methods or by invoking methods on other objects. When taken together, the defined methods and data are said to be the behavior of the object. In essence, then, a class definition defines the behavior of its member object or objects. Objects are instantiated as members of a class, and are often referred to as instances.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments
According to preferred embodiments disclosed herein, user-perceived response times are monitored by determining the time it takes for a transaction to complete. A transaction time measuring mechanism is provided that allows transaction time data to be efficiently collected over a standard interface in a manner that provides minimal network overhead, and that allows for multiple transaction time managers on multiple server systems in a network computing environment.
One possible solution to monitoring user-perceived response time is presented herein with reference to the specific network computing environment 300 of FIG. 3, which is representative of a system developed by Tivoli Systems Inc. of Austin, Tex. Network computing environment 300 includes a first server 310, a second server 320, a third server 330, and a client 340. While network computing environment 300 is illustrated in FIG. 3 with a single client for simplicity of illustration, the actual configuration will include multiple clients, as is common on most computer networks. We assume for the purposes of illustrating this possible solution that: server system 1 (310) includes a server application 1 (312); server system 2 (320) includes a transaction time manager 322 and an Object Request Broker (ORB) 324; and server system 3 (330) includes a server application 3 (332). Server applications 1 (312) and 3 (332) represent portions of applications 1 and 3 that run on a server. Note that there are corresponding pieces of these applications running on client 340, discussed below. Transaction time manager 322 and ORB 324 are portions of a transaction time measurement mechanism 390, discussed in more detail below.
Client system 340 includes a client application 1 (314), a client application 3 (334), a transaction time agent 360, an application response measurement (ARM) application program interface (API) 370, a configuration file 380, a log file 382, and a statistics database 384. Client applications 1 (314) and 3 (334) represent the portions of applications 1 and 3 that run on client 340. Client application 1 (314) communicates with server application 1 (312) via a standard network protocol, such as hypertext transfer protocol (http), TCP/IP, or IBM 5250 protocol. Client application 3 (334) also communicates with server application 3 (332) via a standard network protocol. The components of client 340 other than client application 1 (314) and 3 (334) shown in FIG. 3 are part of transaction time measurement mechanism 390.
Transaction time measurement mechanism 390 includes transaction time manager 322 and ORB 324 in server system 2 (320); gateway 350 with its ORB 352; and transaction time agent 360, ARM API 370, config file 380, log file 382, and statistics database 384 on client 340. Transaction time manager 322 controls the operation of transaction time measurement mechanism 390. Transaction time agent 360 resides on client 340 and collects response times according to information in the config file 380. ARM API 370 is suitably a Tivoli-HP ARM or similar API that allows the agent to record transaction times by having the application call the API at both the beginning and the end of the transaction. Thus, ARM API 370 is called by client system 340 to start and stop transaction times in transaction time agent 360. Config file 380 defines one or more fields that determine the operation of transaction time agent 360, such as thresholds for response times, whether or not the response times are reported and to whom, etc. Log file 382 contains historical information relating to the transaction times collected by transaction time agent 360. Config file 380 and log file 382 are typically flat files, and data is written to and read from these files by programs on the local system or remote systems using standard file input/output operations and remote file transfer mechanisms. Thus, if historical response time data for a particular application (e.g., application 1) are desired from the log file 382, all of the data must be read and processed to determine which data correspond to application 1. Statistics database 384 contains a list of all response times collected by transaction time agent 360 for all applications on all servers.
Gateway 350 and ORBs 324 and 352 provide a mechanism for server system 2 (320) to communicate with client system 340. Gateway 350 is a piece of software that may reside on any server on the network. ORB 324 and ORB 352 intercommunicate in accordance with well-known and defined standards discussed below.
The Object Management Group (OMG) is a standards group formed by a large alliance of software companies to help standardize object software. The goal of the group is to provide specifications that form a common framework for object-based application development. This reduces the complexity and lowers the cost of introducing new or enhanced object-based software applications. The Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) is an OMG specification designed to provide a framework for the sharing of objects across a wide variety of hardware platforms and operating systems. CORBA allows applications to communicate with one another regardless of location or vendor. In particular, CORBA defines inter-operability by specifying the design and interaction behavior of Object Request Brokers (ORBs) such that ORBs from different vendors can effectively communicate and inter-operate with each other. This has been accomplished by defining the application interface protocol in a language-independent specification. Detailed information on the OMG and the CORBA specification is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.omg.org.
Another important application program that is used in a typical object-oriented environment is known as the Object Request Broker (ORB). The ORB establishes client-server relationships between various objects. ORBs are a well known technology that allows an application on one machine to invoke methods on objects that reside on another machine. ORBs provide the infrastructure that allows objects to converse with each other, independent of the specific platforms and techniques used to implement the various objects. Using an ORB, a client object can transparently invoke a method on a server object, whether the server object is located on the same machine or on a different machine connected via a network. The ORB operates by intercepting method calls and finding an object that can implement the request, passing the request parameters to the object, invoking the method, and returning the results. While doing so, the client need not be aware of where the object is located, the programming language of the object, the operating system of the object, or any other system-related aspects. Thus, the ORB provides inter-operability between applications on different machines in heterogeneous distributed environments and seamlessly interconnects multiple object systems.
Thus, an ORB on one computer system is used to communicate with an ORB on another computer system. For the networked computer system of FIG. 3, ORB 324 communicates with ORB 352 in gateway 350. The protocol for communicating between ORBs results in a heavy interface, one that requires significant overhead. Gateway 350 receives data from ORB 352, and communicates this data to client 340 via a light interface, such as a peer-to-peer network connection.
Imposing the requirements of ORBs on the interface between portions of response time collection mechanism 390 results in unneeded complexity and overhead in collecting response times. In addition, network computing environment 300 of FIG. 3 only has a single transaction time manager 322 on one server, and has no provision for multiple transaction time managers in multiple servers. These limitations are overcome by a network computing environment in accordance with the preferred embodiment.
Referring to FIG. 4, a suitable network computing environment 400 in accordance with the preferred embodiment overcomes the limitations of network computing environment 300 of FIG. 3 by including a transaction time measurement mechanism 490 that communicates between client and server over a simple, light, standard interface, such as SNMP. Network computing environment 400 includes: a server system 1 (410), a server system 2 (420), a server system 3 (430), and a client system 440 interconnected via a network. As with network computing environment 300 of FIG. 3, network computing environment 400 is understood to include multiple clients. For the purposes of the preferred embodiment herein, the present invention applies equally no matter how the different computer systems in network computing environment 400 are interconnected, regardless of whether the connections are is made using present-day analog and/or digital techniques or via some networking mechanism of the future. Server system 1 includes a server application 1 (412), and also includes a transaction time manager 414. Server system 2 (420) includes a transaction time manager 422. Server system 3 (430) includes a server application 3 (432) and further includes a transaction time manager 434. For the purposes herein, a "server system" is used in its broadest sense to mean any system that may interact with client system 440.
Client system 440 includes a client application 1 (414), a client application 3 (434), a transaction time agent 460, an ARM API 470, and a transaction time database 480. Similar to network computing environment 300 in FIG. 3, transaction time agent 460 communicates with client applications 1 (414) and 3 (434) via ARM API 470. However, instead of communicating with a gateway 350 that includes an ORB 352, transaction time agent 460 communicates directly with transaction time managers 414, 422, and 434 via SNMP interfaces. SNMP is a standard that is presented in Request for Comment (RFC) 1157, and was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Details regarding the SNMP standard may be found at www.internic.net. The SNMP protocol is a light protocol that does not require significant network overhead, unlike the protocol for communicating between ORBs.
A significant advantage of network computing environment 400 of the preferred embodiment over known systems and the network computing environment 300 (FIG. 3) is that network computing environment 400 allows a single transaction time agent 460 to communicate with multiple transaction time managers 414, 422, and 434. Another significant advantage is that the communication between transaction time agent 460 and transaction time managers 414, 422, and 434 does not require the heavy interface that ORBs require, but uses instead a standard, light SNMP protocol. In addition, transaction time database 480 provides an indexed database that may be queried rather than flat files. As a result, portions of config table 482 and stats table 484 may be written to or read from without writing/reading the entire file, as was the case for network computing environment 300. Transaction time database 480 therefore allows for efficient retrieval of only certain transaction time data. For example, if server system 1 (410) is only interested in the transaction times for client application 1, transaction time agent 460 may efficiently retrieve only the requested information from stats table 484.
At this point, it is important to note that while the present invention has been (and will continue to be) described in the context of a fully functional computer system, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of the present invention are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that the present invention applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal bearing media include: recordable type media such as floppy disks and CD ROMs, and transmission type media such as digital and analog communication links.
Referring now to FIG. 5, a specific configuration for config table 482 in accordance with the preferred embodiment provides a method for determining how transaction time agent 460 will collect transaction times. The first column is an identifier field that uniquely identifies an application. The specific format shown in FIG. 5 uses an application class identifier, followed by a period, then followed with the appropriate server identifier. The application class identifier is a unique class identifier for a particular class of applications in network computing environment 400. The server identifier identifies the server and application of interest. The combination of the two thus provide a unique identifier for each application that may run in network computing environment 400.
The next six fields are threshold fields that contain six threshold values t1-t6. For the discussion herein, we assume the numbers in FIG. 5 are in milliseconds (ms). Each threshold value must be equal to or larger than the previous threshold value. For class 8.S-appl 1 (the first row in table 482), threshold 1 is thus set to 1 ms; threshold 2 to 5 ms; threshold 3 to 10 ms; threshold 4 to 20 ms; and thresholds 5 and 6 to 0 ms. For the threshold values in config table 482, a zero represents infinity. Thus, setting thresholds 5 and 6 to zero results in threshold 4 being the last defined threshold. The next field is a Time Out field that defines a maximum value that a transaction should never exceed. For the first row of config table 482, this value is set to 60 ms. The next column is for an elapsed notification threshold, which determines a time value that, when exceeded, will cause a system to be notified. For the first row of config table 482, this value is set to 20 ms, which means that if the transaction time exceeds 20 ms, a system specified in the notification address list (in the last column of table 482) will be notified. For the first row of table 482, this is set to 20 ms, and the notification address list specifies server system 3, so server system 3 will be notified if the transaction time ever exceeds 20 ms for the application identified in the first column. The next field is for a minimum notification threshold value. This value is set to assure that a timeout is not repeatedly reported to the system in the notification address list. For the first row of config table 482, this value is set to 120 ms, meaning that if a notification has occurred within the last 120 ms, we won't notify again. This inhibits needlessly repetitive notification of which the system in the notification address list is already aware. Note that the second row of config table 482 of FIG. 5 has different thresholds set for t1-t6, has a different time out value (30 ms), and has zeroes for the elapsed notification threshold, the minimum notification threshold, the maximum number of transactions, and has a null in the notification address list. This means that no system will be notified in the event of any abnormal occurrence, but the transaction time data will be available in the stats table 484 if and when a transaction time manager (such as 414, 422, or 434) desire to access this data.
With the config table 482 of FIG. 5 properly configured, transaction time agent 460 is now ready to collect transaction times for the listed applications. Referring to the first column of stats table 484 in FIG. 6, each entry in stats table 484 is identified by an index that includes the server identifier, application class identifier, and instance identifier. The server identifier is an identifier that corresponds to a unique server process in the network, such as a uniform resource locator (URL) or an IP address and socket number. The application class identifier is one of a discrete list of values associated with the client application and maintained in a globally accessible registry in the network or configured manually for each application by the administrator. The application instance identifier uniquely identifies one of the application instances (i.e., client applications) in the network. A wildcard value "*" (meaning "any") may be used in the index for the server identifier or the application class identifier or both. An index value of "*.*" thus designates the global threshold configuration, defining thresholds which apply to all application class and server tuples, unless overridden by a more specific threshold configuration table entry. The index allows efficient retrieval of only requested data from stats table 484. The next column stores a total time for all transactions stored in stats table 484 for the application instance specified in the first column. The next seven columns contain count values that correspond to the six thresholds set in config table 482. Count 1 (C1) is incremented if the transaction time is below threshold t1 in config table 482. C2 is incremented if the transaction time is between t1 and t2. C3 is incremented if the transaction time is between t2 and t3. C4 is incremented if the transaction time is between t3 and t4. C5 is incremented if the transaction time is between t4 and t5. C6 is incremented if the transaction time is between t5 and t6. And C7 is incremented if the transaction time is over t6. The next field is a counter that keeps track of the number of time outs that occur. Thus, for the first row of stats table 484 (which corresponds to the first row of config table 482 of FIG. 5), each time the transaction time exceeds 60 ms the time outs counter of stats table 484 is incremented. The last column in stats table 484 is an elapsed time value list that provides that actual elapsed times for each transaction in a list. The counters provide data that has a level of granularity defined by the thresholds set in config table 482. In many cases, the counters provide all the data that is needed in monitoring transaction times. However, in some circumstances, more detailed information may be needed than is available from the counters. For example, if the counters reveal certain information, the exact transaction times may be determined from the elapsed time value list. The transaction times are in a simple list format, so determining the data of interest would generally require some post-processing, but these times are made available in the case they are needed.
The programmability of the transaction time agent 460 through the structure and content of the config file 482 allows great flexibility in reporting measured response times. The transaction time agent 460 may be configured by a transaction time manager so the transaction time manager must collect data periodically, or it may be configured to send notifications to a transaction time manager at a specified interval only if a specific threshold is exceeded. The thresholds are suitably selected so that transaction time data is only transmitted on an exception basis, thereby minimizing network overhead.
The method of monitoring transaction times using the computer system of FIGS. 4-6 is represented in a flow diagram of FIG. 7. The various components are shown along the top of the diagram, with the arrows below indicating which components perform the listed function on another component. The client application instance 710 corresponds to one of the client applications, such as client application 1 (414) or 3 (434) of FIG. 4. Transaction time agent 460 and transaction time database 480 are the same as shown in FIG. 4. Server application 712 corresponds to a server application running on a server computer system, such as server application 1 (412) or 3 (432). Transaction time manager 714 corresponds to a transaction time manager, such as transaction time managers 414, 422, or 434.
The first step is for the transaction time manager 714 to initialize the transaction time agent 460 (step 720). This initialization includes writing configuration data to a configuration table, such as config table 482 of FIG. 5. Once the transaction time agent 460 is initialized, the transaction time agent 460 initializes the transaction time database 480 (step 722) This initialization involves defining the appropriate fields and counters to correspond to the configuration of the transaction time agent 460. For example, the configuration table 482 of FIG. 5 has six thresholds. This mandates that stats table 484 have seven counters. If only four thresholds were configured in config table 482, only five counters would be required in stats table 484. Thus, after the agent is initialized in step 720, the agent initializes the database to correspond to the configuration and status (step 722).
The next step is that a client application instance 710 must register with the transaction time agent 460 (step 724). Monitoring all client instances is unnecessary and would result in excessive overhead. By requiring a client application instance 710 to register with the transaction time agent 460, only those client instances that request transaction time monitoring will be monitored. Steps 720-724 are performed during the startup phase of the transaction monitoring, which may be suitably performed when network computing environment 400 is powered-up and/or initialized.
The actual measurement and recording of transaction times occurs in steps 726-734. When a transaction is started, the client application instance 710 notifies the transaction time agent 460 in step 726 of the beginning of a transaction. The notification in step 726 for network computing environment 400 of FIG. 4 is performed by a client application (such as 414 or 434) calling ARM API 470. Client application instance 710 then performs the required interactions with the corresponding server application 712 in step 728. When the transaction is complete, server application 712 notifies the client application instance 710 in step 730, and client instance 710 then notifies transaction time agent 460 of the end of the transaction in step 732. Again, for network computing environment 400, step 732 is performed by calling ARM API 470. The transaction time agent then updates the stats table in transaction time database 480 (step 734) to reflect the newly-acquired transaction time. This process repeats for each transaction that occurs for each client application that has registered with the transaction time agent 460.
Once the transaction time measuring infrastructure is in place in a network computing environment as described herein, other functions may also be performed. For example, with a transaction time measurement mechanism 490 configured according to the first row in table 482 of FIG. 5, server system 3 will be notified if the elapsed notification threshold is exceeded. This notification is represented as step 740 of FIG. 7. In addition, at any time a transaction time manager 714 may request to query a transaction time agent 460 for the statistics regarding transaction times (step 750). In response to this query, transaction time agent 460 may respond by sending the requested data from stats table 484 to the requesting transaction time manager 714 (step 760).
The present invention thus succeeds at providing a transaction time measurement mechanism that has one or more transaction time managers running on server computer systems, a transaction time agent running on a client computer system that is coupled to the server computer system via a network, and a simple protocol for allowing them to directly and efficiently communicate. The simple communication protocol supports multiple transaction time managers in a network computing environment that may all communicate with a single client. Using a system in accordance with the present invention, transaction times may be accurately monitored without the network overhead associated with prior art solutions.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, it will be understood that, while various of the conductors (connections) are shown in the drawing as single lines, they are not so shown in a limiting sense, and may comprise plural conductor (connections), as is understood in the art.
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|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
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|Mar 23, 1998
Owner name: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION, NEW Y
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|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jan 13, 2005
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Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 13, 2005
|Surcharge for late payment
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Year of fee payment: 8
|Sep 3, 2012
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Dec 19, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12
|Dec 19, 2012
|Surcharge for late payment
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Click here to print the obituary below
Diane Lynn (Magruder) Sowder
age 55 of St. Cloud, FL passed away peacefully at home on March 9 after a brief illness. She was born on October 22, 1957 in Orlando, FL to Robert (Con) Magruder and the late Mary Catherine Magruder. She leaves behind her husband John; their loving son Nicholas Paul Sowder; and their dog Skippy. Survivors include her sister Debi (Noel) Lasik; nieces Tiffany and Jessica, nephews Justin and Marshall; brother Robert Magruder Jr. (Brenda) their children Robbie and Jennifer; grand nieces and nephews; as well as her youngest sibling Michelle Hooper and son Bryce. She is also survived by her Uncle Brock (Polly) Magruder Sr.; cousin Brock (Kathy) Magruder Jr. Aunt Lorene Pearman, and Aunt Pauline Sowder; brother in law Mike (Carol) Sowder, sister in law Nora (Mike) Waters, and their families. A 1975 graduate of Colonial High School, Diane spent the last 18 years working with disadvantaged students in Osceola and Orange County Public Schools, most lately, Endeavor Elementary. Diane had lots of friends called her YaYa's. Her dearest friend is Sherry Shattuck of Savannah, GA. Diane was her happiest at the beach, camping, and fishing or at home enjoying a bonfire. There was always a practical joke up her sleeve. A celebration of life will be held Saturday March 16, 2013 at 3:30 at The Cypress Grove House 290 Holden Avenue Orlando, Florida 32839 In lieu of flowers the family asks that donations be made to an educational account called an ESA-7 for Nicholas Paul Sowder at any Central Florida Federal Educators Credit Union.
Published in the Orlando Sentinel on Mar. 13, 2013


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First time at this restaurant. Ordered a rib eye steak. Cost $31.00, you would expect for that price you would get a good piece of meat. I have had better at Danny's for about $12.00. They didn't seam to care much when I told them. The drinks were good but I will never set foot in there restaurant again. Not recommend by me.Like this review?Yes|Flag Abuse
Black Pearl Restaurant
Today:11:30 am - 9:00 pm
1529 S Pearl St,
Denver, CO 80210
(303) 777-0500
Book a Table
Business Details
in Business
- Hours:
Regular Hours
- Extra Phones:
Fax: (303) 777-0503
- Payment method:
- visa, master card, diners club, discover, amex
- Neighborhoods:
- South Denver, Old South Pearl, Platt Park
- Other Link:
- Categories:
- American Restaurants, Bar & Grills, Family Style Restaurants, Restaurants
I could get in to details about this place, but it's honestly not worth my time. The managers will tell you one thing on the phone, then when it comes time to live up to what they said, it's a no-go. The food is okay, the server we had was very sweet, but when we had a problem with our bill, the manager couldn't care less and did nothing. Obviously our business was not important to them, so no reason to think your... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
Black Pearl! Ahh! I hosted a birthday party at the BP this evening and was greeted with a ""Please, make yourself at home""....which sounded nice until our group overhead the waitstaff openly disparaging our party with a ""How many tables are they going to sit at before they can just pick one??"" After our arbitrary welcome, our server was pretentiously (for no reason) rude and unapologetic for the following snafus:... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
I have given the black pearl way to many chances to impress me, but the last 2 times I've been in have just been horrible expierences.\r
First the wine list is way to overpriced and the selection does not pair well with the food. I dont think you can get away with serving such nice wines with bad food!\r
The sevice was way off our server had B O, they were not prompt and I almost had to walk my undercooked ... view more
I have been to this restaurant 6 times total four times for drinks and appetizers and 2 for dinner. The drink and appetizer The bartender was friendly and made wonderful drinks for us (Mojitos) \r
As for the dining experience it leaves something to be desired. I have tasted 2 duck dishes that were disgusting and way too oily, the homemade tortellini wasn?t cooked completely, and the Salmon was over cooked. The WO... view more
I've been wanting to try this place for a few weeks now and finally had the opportunity on Wednesday. It was amazing! There was hardly anyone there, due to the DNC. The host was very gracious, service was great, ambiance was great! The food, is sort of tapas style, but a little bigger portions. All in all, one of the best nights out to a new restaurant in a long time. I HIGHLY RECOMMEND THIS RESTAURANT!Like this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
First time Diner to Black Pearl Restaurant, UBER IMPRESSED!!!!!! recently moved to Wash Park neighborhood, and found beautiful independently owned new american bistro featuring organic, and fresh in-season locally grown ingredients. Recently moved to Denver from LA, and so impressed with Black Pearl Expirence had to tell evryone I know. In LA, a grass fed organic cut of beef, paired with an appetizer and dessert w... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
Recently visited The Black Pearl for 3rd time in last 3 months, I guess I am becoming a ""regular"". Happy hour features Oysters shucked to order, and all drinks from the bar. Already great start in my opinion, but my most recent expirence at the Black Pearl was definitely the most impressive. I brought 12 people from work to the restaurant for happy hour, and then we decided to stay for dinner. Not expecting the... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
The food at Black Pearl was worthy of five stars but the pushy waiter and the effort to sell beyond the menu made the evening distasteful enough that we won't be returning. The waiter said mulitiple times, to the point of intrusion, that the chef was 21, recently graduated from Johnson and Wales, and could do anything if you just told him which ""protein"" you wanted. When the bill came the ribeye entree price , al... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch
I have been to the Black pearl on a few different occasions, and had been impressed. They have this mac and cheese with truffle oil that was to die for. However, this experience was extremely disheartening. I coordinate a dinner group for between 8-15 people. We had eight people at the Black Pearl, and it was a disaster. Our waiter started out being friendly, but once we spoke with the manager about the unaccept... view moreLike this review?Yes|Flag AbuseProvided by Citysearch


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BatFest is Batavia's annual Halloween themed family event attracting over 2,500 ghouls. Includes downtown Trick-or-Treating, Mothers' Club Parade, pumpkin roll, contests, BatArt and games for free family fun. Before the festival, join Batavia United Way for their BatFest 5K walk/run and 10K Run along the Fox River Trail. For more information, please visit www.5kbatavia.com
Baymont Inn & Suites
Minutes from such major attractions like Chicago Premium Outlet, the Paramount Theatre, Two Brothers Roundhouse, the Aurora Regional Fire Museum and Hollywood Casino Aurora. Wake up to free continental breakfast and a free issue of USA Today. Help yourself to free Wi-Fi Internet access while relaxing in your comfortable room. Head to the fitness center for a workout, then unwind with a swim in the heated indoor pool. This pet-friendly hotel offers free parking for all vehicles, and kids 17 and under stay free with an adult.
CITY:North Aurora
Baymont Inn & Suites - Alsip
The Baymont Inn is pleased to provide our guests with exceptional service. We are an incorridor property with 3 floors. Whether you are here for business or leisure, we have many amenities at an affordable price.
Baymont Inn & Suites Naperville
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - 123-room hotel conveniently located 1/2 mile from I-88. Several restaurants within walking distance. Expanded continental breakfast, fitness room, free wireless hi-speed internet, and many other amenities.
BBK Sports
Sporting goods retailer and team sales. Equipment and apparel for baseball, softball, soccer, football, basketball, and volleyball.
CITY:St. Charles
BBQ Express
Started as a Trolley Trailer, now moved into a permanent location in Somonauk. 30 years in the food and beverage industry has provided them with the experience needed to offer excellent service and an undeniably mouth-watering menu using the freshest ingredients and a 4th generation BBQ recipe! everything from our famous Pulled Pork BBQ down to the handmade Creamy Coleslaw. Come experience their flavors that are BBQ Express!
Bean Appetit Coffee House
Speciality coffee beverages including espresso-based drinks, smoothies, chai tea, panini sandwiches and pastries.
Beer House
Beer House, located on the outskirts of Yorktown Center, is a unique concept bringing over 60 tap and hundreds of bottled beers to one great venue. You can be sure to find almost half of our tap line dedicated to local Chicagoland breweries. Catering to both the beer aficionado and those wanting to learn more, our staff is willing to answer questions and make suggestions. Come drink the best beers, enjoy live music, catch sports on our 15 televisions, or just relax with friends!
Beith House Museum
1850 limestone Greek Revival home restored, developed as preservation study house. June-August, Tues. 1-4pm. Other hours, groups by appointment.
CITY:St. Charles
Bend General Store
They are exclusively owned & managed by lifelong St. Charles residents. They have endeavored to embrace St. Charles past, and bring uniquely old world small town experience to our fellow residents.
CITY:St. Charles
Benedictine University Sports Complex
This state-of-the-art sports complex includes baseball, softball, track, football, soccer and lacrosse fields. The complex is home to the DuPage Dragons and Chicago Bandits professional fast-pitch softball for women.
Japanese Hibachi style cooking - a chef prepares for at your table. Steak, chicken, shrimp, scallops & lobstertail.
Best Budget Inn
A great locationin Joliet with Indoor pool and whirlpool.
Best Western - Romeoville
Free Hot Breakfast Free WIFI Free local calls and HBO Channels. Indoor heated pool and fitness center. All rooms have refrigerator, microwave, coffeemaker, iron and ironing boards.
Best Western Chicago Hillside
248-room full-service hotel conveniently located between O'Hare and downtown. Outdoor pool, fitness center, 24-hour restaurant, lounge, room service, fax and copy service. 14,000 sq.ft. of meeting/banquet space
Best Western Chicago Hillside
The Best Western Chicago-Hillside is the perfect "Chicago Alternative" located in the Chicago, Hillside and Oakbrook area. We are the ideal location for the leisure or business traveler offering 238 guest rooms, 14,000 sq. ft. of newly renovated meeting and banquet space, perfect for weddings, small tradeshows and business meetings. Free high speed internet, 24 hour food service, on site restaurant and lounge, fitness center, heated outdoor pool, business services, and much, much more. Our major expressways and short proximity to downtown Chicago are all key aspects which contribute to the success of our property. Stop by and join us for everyday breakfast buffet, delicious meals created by Dean Carson of Carson's The Place for Ribs, and much more!
Best Western Chicago Southland
Beautiful hotel in the Chicago Southland area offering modern & upscale rooms with abundant amenities.
CITY:Oak Forest
Best Western Inn And Suites - Midway Airport
The Best Western Inn and Suites- Midway Airport is located in Burbank only 2 1/2 miles south of Midway Airport. Enjoy our indoor pool, whirlpool, exercise room, and breakfast room.
Best Western Inn of St. Charles
Convenient to area restaurants, downtown St. Charles shopping. Each guest room includes a mini-fridge & microwave. New executive suite wing.
CITY:St. Charles
Best Western Joliet Inn & Suites
Green Eco-friendly practices, complimentary hot breakfast, new indoor heated swimming pool area, spa, large atrium with a sundeck, retractable roof, a meeting room for up to 40 people, spacious rooms with microwaves, refrigerators and free high speed wireless internet access.
Best Western Midway Airport
Nice clean newer hotel with many upgrades. Offers free interenet service and a friendly and caring staff.
Best Western Naperville Inn
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Enjoy deluxe continental breakfast, lobby computer access, 24-hour exercise room. Guest rooms each have free internet access, cable TV, microwave and refrigerator. Hotel is centrally located near restaurants, shopping and more! Easy access to I-88.
Best Western Plus Chicago Hillside
238-room full-service hotel conveniently located between O'Hare and downtown. Outdoor pool, fitness center, 24-hour restaurant, lounge, room service, fax and copy service. 14,000 sq.ft. of meeting/banquet space.
Best Western Plus Oakbrook Inn
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - 45 fully-appointed rooms in a boutique hotel setting. Every guest room features goose down comforter, cd/dvd player, refrigerator, microwave, Evening homemade choc.chip cookies, and complimentary breakfast buffet.
Bicentennial Riverfront Park
Bicentennial Riverfront Park is a five-acre community park on the south bank of the Fox River. Bicentennial Riverfront Park makes optimum use of the river, with abundant fishing, plus canoe and kayak access to the white water chute. There is also a beautiful view of the Glenn Palmer Dam as you follow the trail along the river and the picnic area, playground and river-side pavilion are popular community gathering spots in the summertime.
Bicycle Trails - Aurora
More than 35 miles of trails, from Aurora to Crystal Lake, pass through scenic landscapes. Routes include the Fox River, Virgil Gilman and Red Oak Trails, and the Illinois Prairie Path.
Bien Trucha Restaurante
Modern Mexican Restaurant specializing in tacos and margaritas, utilizing fresh ingredients to create a new and succulent Mexican experience.
Big Rock Historical Society Crib Museum
Step into the restored corn crib and explore artifacts from the century-old Plowing Match or learn more about Welsh immigrants. Open by appointment.
CITY:Big Rock
Big Run Golf Club
Opened in 1930 and designed by C.H. Muelenford and Sam Sneed. Hundreds of tall oak trees throughout the course (some oaks are centuries old), complimented by five lakes and Long Run Creek, will test your shot making abilities. Big Run Golf Club can be difficult but enjoyable, challenging and sporty. The course has never stood on it's laurels, it has been reshaped over the years to compliment both the improvements in today's golfers and to take advantage of this scenic piece of land golfers have come to enjoy.
Bike Rack
The area's best selection of bikes, recumbents, accessories and clothing. Rentals: bikes, tandems, trailer cycles, recumbent bikes and trikes. Home of Creative Mobility featuring bikes for special needs. Just west of Randall.
CITY:St. Charles
Billie Limacher Bicentennial Park
On historic Bluff Street along the waterway in downtown Joliet, this park features free summer concerts, lush grounds, outdoor bandshell and indoor theatre. Office hours: Monday - Thursday 8:00 am - 4:30 pm and Friday 8:00 am - 12:00 noon.
Billy Graham Center Museum
This museum located on the campus of Wheaton College is devoted to the history of Christian evangelism and its influences on society. View rare artifacts, art and displays that include a powerful 3-D presentation of the gospel message.
Bird Haven Greenhouse and Conservatory
Lord and Burnham designed this historic greenhouse featuring a tropical house, cacti room, show house and outdoor gardens.
A unique way to find all your home decor needs, anything from antiques to fabric and decorating items.
Blackberry Farm
Go on a one of a kind country adventure you'll never forget! Become pioneers for a day on a real 1800s farm and village. Miniature train rides, pony rides, petting zoo, pioneer craft demonstrations, and special events. In the Discovery Barn see chickens, sheep, piglets, baby goats and more.
Blackberry Farm Holiday Express
Experience the magic! All aboard! one of the top six most beautiful trains in Illinois! Ride the train through a winter wonderland at Blackberry Farm around the lake and through the tunnel while Christmas holiday music plays. (First three weekends in December.)
Blackberry Oaks Golf Course
This 18-hole course is par 72.
Blackstone Bar & Grille
BlackStone Bar & Grill has an inviting char-house atmosphere accented by a colorful bar, featuring a wide selection of sandwiches, steaks, seafood, and chicken prepared fresh on the grill. We also offer a "home kitchen" menu boasting a variety of "platter-style" recipes passed down through our chefs' families homemade dishes, common when families had more time to spend in the kitchen. BlackStone's diverse selection of appetizers and entrees provides a complete dining experience... whether it be for a romantic dinner for two, or a fun "night out" for the entire family.
Blackwell Forest Preserve
Blackwell Forest Preserve in Warrenville, Illinois, has everything an outdoors fanatic could want. Hikers, bicyclers, horseback riders and cross-country skiers can enjoy more than 6 miles of turf and limestone trails, including a convenient route to the Illinois Prairie Path. Trails around the McKee Marsh area feature two observation decks, a bird blind, and signs that describe the history and ecological significance of the marsh.
Bliss House Museum
The Bliss House Museum is operated by the Sugar Grove Historical Society and houses historical exhibits about the village of Sugar Grove and surrounding area. Anyone interested in researching their heritage, may contact the museum for access to probate and civil records dating 1839 - 1955. Hours: Open every Tuesday 1-4 pm or by appointment.
CITY:Sugar Grove
Blue Goose Super Market
Known throughout the Fox Valley for top-quality meats, produce, and fresh bakery products. Where service has been a family tradition for more than 70 years in St. Charles.
CITY:St. Charles
Bobak's Signature Events and Conference Center
Bobak's is a unique banquet conference facility for corporate, social and family events. Whether you are looking to plan a wedding reception, corporate function or birthday party, expert Event Specialists will work closely with you to ensure that your day is a success. From intimate to exclusive, Bobak's first-rate banquet & meeting facilities, award winning cuisine and unparalleled service will transform your event to extraordinary!
Bolingbrook Golf Club
Bolingbrook Golf Club combines the elements of a world-class facility and championship golf. Featuring an Arthur Hills and Steve Forrest designed golf course, a learning academy, clubhouse with lounge, two full-service restaurants, and banquet facilities.
Bolingbrook Park District
Providing over 2,100 opportunities for recreation. Relax, have fun and embrace the power of recreation.
Bolingbrook's Clow International Airport
This airport offers general aviation, flight school, air charter, restaurant and Illinois Aviation Museum all within the airport.
Boo! at the Zoo
Halloween fun awaits families at Brookfield Zoo's annual Boo! at the Zoo celebration. The popular daytime event, presented by Fisher-Price, features a Costume Parade, Costume Showcase, professional pumpkin-carving demonstrations, not-so-scary games and activities, special animal Zoo Chats, and haunted hayrides.
Boo! at the Zoo
Little ghost and goblins of all ages are sure to have a howlin' good time! Our not-so-scary and fun-filled event has something for the entire family to enjoy, from the "Crazy Maize" corn maze, to a spin on the "Haunted Carousel", to professional pumpkin carving, and more.
Bookie Magee's Hideaway
Sports bar and state-of-the-art Off Track Betting facility. Offering simulcast wagering on thoroughbred and harness horse racing from Illinois and around the country. A great place to grab a bite to eat with over sixty televisions and comfortable seating.
Bookie Magees Hideaway & OTB
Sports bar and state-of-the-art Off Track Betting facility. Offering simulcast wagering on thoroughbred and harness horse racing from Illinois and around the country. A great place to grab a bite to eat with over sixty televisions and comfortable seating. Open Sun - Thurs 11:00 AM - 10:30 PM & Fri - Sat 11:00AM - Midnight.
Boughton Ridge Golf Course
Situated on 45 beautiful acres, this nine-hole, 2205-yard, Par 32, executive length course offers the perfect course for a quick round of great golf.
Bourbon Street Gallery
The Bourbon Street Gallery -- in the Bourbon Street area in Pheasant Run Resort & Spa. The gallery showcases the works of new, emerging and established Chicago artists.
CITY:St. Charles
Boutique Repeats & Gifts
Upscale resale: re-defining the resale experience! Boutique Repeats is designed to provide customers with new and gently used clothes, purses, jewelry and more. At your favorite upscale resale shop, we buy, consign and sell designer and better brand name women's apparel, accessories, home decor and furniture. Let Boutique Repeats buy your high-end items, so you can go after that new must-have! This hassle-free selling experience is in a boutique environment that carries new inventory daily! Appointments are recommended for a personal buying experience, but not necessary.
An Artisan Bread Bakery featuring a delicious variety of fresh-baked breads, buns and more. Breadsmith is open Tuesday through Sunday. Stop in and see what makes us the special choice of bread lovers!
CITY:St. Charles
Brenda's Frozen Custard
Frozen Custard, Burgers, Dinners, Fast Food, Hot Dogs and Sandwiches
Brer Rabbit Motel
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Welcome to Brer Rabbit Motel. We offer low daily and weekly rates. Amenities include color TV, free cable with five HBO channels. King-size beds available. All rooms are clean and comfortable.
CITY:Villa Park
Brewery Tour/Beer Tasting
Tour the Pollyanna Brewing Company brewery along the I&M Canal,enjoy our tap room,share the experience of fresh, flavorful, craft beer-locally in Lemont, Illinois. Pollyanna Brewing Company experiments with local fruits and spices, seasonal lagers, barrel-aging, wild yeast and bacteria, and cider-beers on occasion.
Brian's Pizza
Newly remodeled with a fresh look. Brian's Pizza offers the best pizza around with fresh ingredients and custom dough and sauce made fresh daily. They have 2 I-pads loaded with games for kids to have fun and play for free while parents sit back, relax and enjoy themselves while watching their favorite sports team on our 65 in. T.V. and sip on their favorite spirits. Brian's Pizza also works with the local schools on a "Book It" program to get kids more involved with reading. Meet your goal and get a free personal pizza and a picture with Tony on our Wall of Fame!!
Bridgeview Inn Motel
This property has 60 guest rooms as well as 2 suites. Other amenities include a business center, data ports (in rooms), entertainment, fitness center, free parking, hair dryers (in rooms), Wi-Fi, interior corridors, microwave and refrigerator availability, handicapped accessibility and rollaway beds. This is a non-smoking facility.
Broken Arrow Golf Club
Located in Lockport, IL, just 40 miles southwest of Chicago's Loop, Broken Arrow features 27 holes of Championship Golf, Driving Range, and Banquet Venue. Broken Arrow utilizes the "Prolink" GPS System by GPS Industries on its entire fleet of Club Car Golf Carts. These large and easy to use systems act as "virtual caddies" designed to give you all the information you need. At a glance, golfers can see the entire hole, hazards, bunkers, and rough areas. This system also allows the golf shop to issue weather warnings and other messages to golfers. The clubhouse features a full service golf shop, snack bar, locker rooms, restaurant, and banquet room. Accommodating up to 250 guest events, the Banquet Room is perfect for making your dream event a reality! With 27 holes of Championship Golf, Restaurant, and Banquet Venue, Broken Arrow has plenty to offer.
Brookfield Zoo
There's more than 200 beautifully landscaped acres to explore at Brookfield Zoo. Highlights include dolphin shows at Seven Seas, ape encounters at Tropic World and the chance for kids to dress up and play veterinarian at the Hamill Family Play Zoo. The zoo also offers an old-fashioned carousel and a wide variety of shopping and dining options.
Brother's Restaurant and Lounge
Brother's has been a community icon for over forty years. "The Home of the Beef Roll!"
Brunswick Zone - Carol Stream
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Brunswick Zone offers bowling, billiards, Laser Tag, an arcade/game room plus meeting space for corporate parties, team-building and special events.
CITY:Carol Stream
Brunswick Zone - Naperville
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Brunswick Zone in Naperville offers bowling, billiards, an arcade/game room, Laser Tag, Bumper Cars plus meeting space for corporate parties, team-building and special events.
Brunswick Zone Romeoville
Brunswick Zone XL is a full- feature, family- friendly entertainment destination with something for everyone. Our center in Romeoville sets the standard for family entertainment with more than 60,000 sq. ft. of fun for all ages. Bowling, billiards, video games and more!
Brunswick Zone XL
Brunswick Zone XL is a full-feature, family-friendly entertainment destination with something for everyone. Our center in Romeoville sets the standard for family entertainment with more than 60,000 sq. ft. of fun for all ages. Brunswick Zone XL is a great place for Corporate Parties, Team Challenges, Monumental Moments and Birthday Parties! Call us today for more details. Become a fan of Brunswick Zone XL on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/bowlbrunswick
Buca di Beppo
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Recipes enjoyed for generations in villages across Italy inspire our menu, giving Buca di Beppo its authentic Italian flare. Experience the Italian traditions of food, friendship and hospitality. Dishes are served family style and are meant to be shared.
Buca di Beppo
A neighborhood restaurant with authentic Italian food dishes meant to be shared and served family-style. Catering, Private Party Rooms, Carry-out and Delivery.
CITY:Orland Park
Budget Inn - Burbank
This property has 30 guest rooms as well as 1 suite. Other amenities include free parking, handicapped accessibility, Wi-Fi access, microwave and refrigerator availability, rollaway beds and a spa/sauna. This is a non-smoking facility.
Budget Lodge - Alsip
Nice, clean, newly decorated rooms. Cable TV and very low rates. Easy access to highway and restaurants nearby.
Bull and Bear
The Fox Valley's premier tobacco shop.
CITY:St. Charles
Bull Moose Bar & Grille
At the Bull Moose Bar & Grille, their culture is driven by the cheerful, enthusiastic, dedicated staff. They provide a historic setting incorporating a 1893 Pullman Palace Car Company dining car used by President Roosevelt in his 1912 political campaign. They offer an inventive menu, with fresh, quality ingredients offered at affordable prices. The Bull Moose has taken on a Cheers-type atmosphere, becoming the local meeting place in town. The spectacular bar provides a great place for afternoon drinks or late night partying.
Bull Moose Bar & Grille
Winner of the Aurora Area's Best Burger Competition Bull Moose offers an inventive menu, with fresh, quality ingredients offered at affordable prices. The Bull Moose has taken on a Cheers-type atmosphere, becoming the local meeting place in town. The spectacular bar provides a great place for afternoon drinks or late night partying. •Award-winning Burgers •Unique Sandwiches •An array of Appetizers •Steaks & Ribs and other delicious entrees •Homemade Soups & Desserts •Great place for both Lunch & Dinner •A Full-service Bar & an Outdoor Patio •Wireless Internet & an ATM •Daily Specials & a NEW Lunch Specials Menu •Dine-In & Carry-Out
Bye Bye Birdie
To conclude its 2015-2016 season, Drury Lane Theatre presents the classic All-American musical Bye Bye Birdie. It's the late 1950's, and teenagers from across the United States are going crazy for the handsome rock star, Conrad Birdie. Meanwhile, his manager Albert is going into debt and is banking on Conrad's success. Disaster strikes when Conrad receives a draft notice to join the military. Albert stages a publicity stunt for Conrad to kiss one lucky fan on The Ed Sullivan Show before he leaves for the army. Fifteen-year-old Kim MacAfee from Sweet Apple, Ohio is selected. Conrad Birdie gets more than he bargained for when he arrives in the Midwestern town which is reeling with excitement for his visit.
CITY:Oakbrook Terrace
Camp Sagawau
Forest Preserve District of Cook County's Camp Sagawau is an environmental education center established to promote the study of nature. Call for program schedule.
Camp Sagawau Environmental Education Center
Environment Education Center - offers cross country skiing in the winter.
Candlewood Suites
This award-winning hotel with 82 suites offers a deluxe hot breakfast, indoor pool, fitness room, free high-speed Internet and business meeting facilities. Within walking distance of America's Historic Roundhouse, Hollywood Casino and Paramount Theatre. Next to Burlington Northern Railway with access to Chicago. Visit the Web site for more information.
Candlewood Suites Chicago Naperville/Warrenville
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - We take pride in making all hotel suites feel as comfortable as home, spacious and built for comfort, kitchens, complimentary high speed internet, among other great amenities. Located off I-88 in the heart of the Naperville/Warrenville High Tech Corridor.
Canlan Ice Arena
Canlan Ice Sports Romeoville is a 3-sheet ice facility featuring industry leading sport development programs, leagues, special events and birthday parties. It's the premier skating facility in Romeoville, IL. Open Mon-Fri 8am-11:00pm Sat & Sun 6am-11:00pm
Canoe & Pedal Boat Rentals: Pottawatomie Park
Enjoy the scenery from the waters of the Fox River! Rentals Mid-May through Mid-August. All rentals launch from the River View Miniature Golf Complex within Pottawatomie Park. Deposit required. Children age 15 and younger must be accompanied by an adult (age 18+). All rentals are subject to safe river & weather conditions. Sorry, no boat rentals on July 4th.
CITY:St. Charles
Cantigny Fall Festival
Enjoy a variety of activities including a Fall craft show, music, hayrides and more. Stop by Bertie's for a taste of autumn with a cup of hot cider or hot chocolate and something decadent to sink your teeth into.
Cantigny Golf
Set among mature oak and hickory trees, lakes and streams, this full-service event facility with 27 holes offers both 18-hole and 9-hole play, and is recognized as one of the best public courses in America.
Cantigny Park
This 500-acre park offers vast formal gardens, picnic grounds, a top-ranked public golf course and two museums: Robert R. McCormick Museum and First Division Museum. Enjoy a wide variety of programs and events throughout the year, such as festivals, lectures, concerts and workshops.
Capital Grille
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Enjoy aged steaks, chops and fresh seafood acclaimed by the nation's toughest food critics, and an award-winning collection of over 400 wines. Join us for impeccably prepared classic fare in an atmosphere that is both luxurious and relaxed.
Carlucci - Downers Grove
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - One of the Chicago area's most celebrated culinary entities offering both casual dining in the lounge and unique dining in the Italian Garden. On-site banquet facilities accommodate 15-300 guests.
CITY:Downers Grove
Carmelite Campus National Shrine of St. Therese
The National Shrine of St. Therese is a Roman Catholic shrine, chapel, and museum dedicated to St. Therese of Lisieux. The Shrine is home to the most wonderful collection of relics, personal effects and memorabilia of Therese outside of France. The Shrine chapel celebrates Mass every weekday at 11:30 am. Tours are available for groups of 20 or more, including a private tour of an exact replica of St. Therese's monastery cell in France. The shrine sits peacefully on a 50-acre estate owned and operated by the Carmelites of the Most Pure Heart of Mary. Adjacent to the Shrine is the Carmelite Spiritual Center, offering meeting room rental, lodging, meals and spiritual retreats as well as organized Shrine tours.
Carol Stream Park District
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Stay active! This award-winning parks & recreation agency offers over 400 acres of parks, 5 miles of paved trails, 3 recreation centers, free special events & hundreds of recreation, dance, gymnastics, summer camp, sports & fitness & active adult programs.
CITY:Carol Stream
Carrabba's Italian Grill - Naperville
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Carrabba's offers authentic, handmade Italian dishes prepared to order in an exhibition kitchen. You'll enjoy our family recipes handed down for generations, including crispy calamari, lasagna, and fresh fish and steaks cooked over our wood-fired grill.
Carrabba's Italian Grill - Woodridge
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - "At Carrabba's, we bring you the same wonderful experiences we grew up on--from our warm Italian hospitality to the authentic aromas in our open kitchen, to our flavorful handmade recipes passed down for more than four generations." -Johnny Carrabba
Cemeno's Pizza
Est. 1976, serving pizza, pasta and home made Italian dishes. Family owned and operated.
Cemetery Hill Trail
Cemetery Trail in Palos lives up to its name with narrow tracks that snake through dense foliage. A must ride for any thrill-seeking trekking enthusiast.
CITY:Willow Springs
Centennial Beach
DuPage County, Chicago's Western Suburbs - Jump in to summer fun at Centennial Beach! Featuring four acres of grass and trees, a sand beach, water play features, an NCAA/U.S.S.-approved diving complex, this historic beach is a place the whole family can enjoy! With water depths ranging from zero to 15 feet, the facility caters to swimmers of all skill levels. Combined with a playground, Frisbee® Area, shallow end slide, concessions stand and Beach store, Centennial Beach is the perfect way to beat the summer heat. Named "best public place to swim" in 2008 by Fox News Chicago viewers in an online poll!
Centennial Lanes
You'll find 32 bowling lanes, all equipped with bumpers for kids, cosmic bowling on weekends, a snack bar, lounge and a bowling pro shop that's open daily during the season.
CITY:Tinley Park
Center Children's Farm
Experience life down on the farm during guided family tours, or take a hike on the peaceful nature trail.
CITY:Palos Park
Center for History
Museum and education center highlighting our nation's social heritage through captivating exhibits and programs. Stories of the 1915 Eastland Disaster, and experience life on the run following the Underground Railroad.
Cezars Inn
Call 1-800-942-9492
Challenge Park Extreme Sports
Put some adventure into your getaway with our CPX package! This package includes two tickets to Challenge Park Extreme Sports, which has a paintball city, skate park, and mountain bike park! Also included is overnight accommodations at our hotel, complimentary hot buffet breakfast, and unlimited use of our heated indoor pool and whirlpool. You must be 10 years of age to participate in any activities at CPX Sports.


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Anti-Gay Hate Crime in South L.A: Car Windows Smashed
File photo of a window smash by tobakhopper / Flickr.
See also: A Gay Leader Emerges in the 'Hood.
Is South L.A. no place to be gay?
A 28-year-old man says he awoke recently to find that someone had smashed the windows of his car, flattened its tires, and etched the word "gay" into its roof. Not nice:
The L.A. County Sheriff's Department says it happened Sunday in the 2100 block of West 108th Street in unincorporated South Los Angeles.
View Larger Map
According to the department:
The vehicle was parked on the street in front of the victim's house when this incident occurred.
In other words, whoever did it knew who they were targeting.
Deputies are considering this a hate crime case and ask that anyone who witnessed the car bashing or who might know who did it to give them a call at 323-820-6700.
Send feedback and tips to the author. Follow Dennis Romero on Twitter at @dennisjromero. Follow LA Weekly News on Twitter at @laweeklynews.
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