text:
Problem-solving: A Stroke Caregiver Early Intervention (CPSI)
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
Intervention studies for stroke caregivers (CG's) during early caregiving are few and have met with limited success. The Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Clinical Practice Guidelines (1995) recommend sensitivity to the adverse effects of caregiving on family functioning and CG health. Breakdown of the informal care system can lead to premature introduction of formal services, excess disability, and decline in well-being for stroke survivor and CG alike. Thus, it is important to attempt to prevent the chronic distress of stroke CGs through an early intervention that prevents and remediates distress, coaches problem-solving and other coping skills, can affect multiple outcomes, has durable effects, and is non-threatening and accessible. The proposed intervention will incorporate these features and will be low cost and feasible for use in clinical practice; it will target outcomes important to stroke CGs, depression, anxiety, caregiver preparedness, perceptions of life changes, family functioning, and survivor functioning. The individual format will make it possible to address life stage needs and cultural issues. Given the prevalence of distress in chronic stroke CGs, early intervention to prevent and mediate negative outcomes is essential.
Psychological Adaptation
Behavioral: Caregiver Problem-Solving Intervention
Behavioral: Wait List Control
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study
Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment
Masking: Single Blind (Subject)
Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
|Official Title:
|National Institute of Nursing Research #R01 NR09077-01: Problem-solving: A Stroke Caregiver Early Intervention
- The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES D) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The CES D was developed to study depressive symptomatology in community settings. The CES-D measures the frequency and severity of 20 depressive symptoms experienced during the past week.
- Profile of Moods Scale short form (POMS) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The Profile of Moods Scale short form (POMS) is a 30 item scale that uses a 5 point response set (0 = not at all, 4 = extremely) to assess 6 moods. Predictive, construct, and concurrent validity have been demonstrated. Only the Anxiety sub-scale will be evaluated.
- The Preparedness for Caregiving Scale [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The Preparedness for Caregiving Scale assesses a caregiver's perception of how well prepared they are to manage the tasks and stresses of caregiving. The PCS has been used in studies of CGs of persons with a variety of health needs. It is an 8-item, 5-response option scale (0=not at all prepared to 4=very well prepared).
- The Bakas Caregiving Outcomes scale (BCOS) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The Bakas Caregiving Outcomes scale (BCOS) measures changes in social functioning, subjective well-being, and somatic health 37. The 16-items with a 7-point response set, 1 ="Changed for the Worst" to 7 ="Changed for the Best" are summed for an overall score that reflect CG life changes. Construct validity was supported by a uni-dimensional factor analysis solution and prediction of the BCOS by stress and coping variables. Criterion validity was supported by significant correlations with a well-being measure.
- The General Functioning Scale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]This 12 item, 4 point subscale assesses overall health/pathology of the family. The range of scores is 1=healthy to 4=unhealthy. Concurrent validity was supported by predicting 28% of the variance in marital satisfaction. The FAD predicted 17% to 22%, respectively, of the variance in morale scores of husbands and wives. The FAD has been used in stroke studies, was sensitive to change over time and to interventions, and predicted depression.
- The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The FIM measures severity of disability and resultant care burden on six subscales: self care, sphincter control, mobility, locomotion, communication, and social cognition. It uses an 18 item, 7 point scale, 1="maximum dependence" to 7 = "independent function". Two underlying constructs have been identified, a 13-item motor scale and a 5-item cognitive scale (two language and three social cognition items).
- Social Problem Solving (SPSI-R) [ Time Frame: 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The Social Problem Solving (SPSI-R) short form will be used to assess problem-solving. This 25-item scale contains five subscales that measure two problem-oriented dimensions (positive, negative) and three problem-solving styles (impulsive/careless, avoidance, rational). The responses range from (0= not true to 4= extremely true).
- Unmet Resource Needs (URN) [ Time Frame: Pre-discharge; 3, 6 and 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]Unmet Resource Needs (URN) will be assessed using a 12-item investigator-generated measure (URN). The items address knowledge and access on resource needs; responses range from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree.
- The Appraisal of Caregiving Scale Revised (ACS-R) [ Time Frame: Pre-discharge; 3, 6 and 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]ACS-Revised is comprised of three scales (threat, benefit, benign). An adaptation of the original response set will be used. The adapted form was used in two stroke CG samples; alphas ranged from .71(benefit) to .92 (threat)37. Items are rated on a 5-point scale from 1 = "strongly disagree" to 5 = "strongly agree".
- The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES D) - Patient [ Time Frame: Pre-discharge; 3, 6 and 12 months post discharge ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]The CES D was developed to study depressive symptomatology in community settings. The CES-D measures the frequency and severity of 20 depressive symptoms experienced during the past week.
|Study Start Date:
|April 2005
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|December 2016
|Primary Completion Date:
|December 2009 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
|Assigned Interventions
Experimental: Caregiver Problem-Solving Intervention
The experimental treatment will provide structured information, guided problem-solving, and training in skills for coping with stress and emotional responses (e.g., relaxation, cognitive reframing, changing negative problem orientation, PS skills).
Behavioral: Caregiver Problem-Solving Intervention
Subjects will meet for two counseling sessions while their family member is hospitalized and will receive the treatment manual, which contains the content for the 10 sessions, work sheets, and handouts. The standardized content will be complemented by tailoring to the specific concerns and problems of CGs which are influenced by culture and developmental life stage as well as the stroke and other environmental and personal factors. Problems specific to stroke caregiving are emphasized. After the stroke survivor has been discharged, the counselor will contact the CG weekly by phone for 5 weeks and then bi-weekly for the next three sessions (a total of 10 sessions) at times convenient for the CG.
Wait List Control
WLC subjects will be offered an intervention after the 6 month assessment. Both groups will receive standard services provided by the rehabilitation team to CGs of stroke survivors.
Behavioral: Wait List Control
Subjects in the WLC condition will receive usual patient and family education. If these subjects are noted to be distressed when assessment measures are administered or during conversation, the research assistant (RA) will inform the PI or Co-PI, who will follow-up. To aid retention, a counselor who is naïve to the CPSI will call the WLC subjects in the second and fifth months post-discharge to check contact information and ask how they are doing. Access to individual or group therapy through community resources during this study will be monitored during routine data collection. Following the T3 assessment, the WLC subjects will be offered a minimal intervention (receipt of the Adapting to Stress booklet 100 and five 30 minute telephone sessions).
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|21 Years and older
|Genders Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Caregiver aged 21 or older,
- Primary caregiver for and living with a recent adult stroke survivor who is planning to return home from acute rehabilitation.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Subjects who are diagnosed with a major psychiatric disorder and/or in individual, group or supportive therapies will be excluded from the study; however, only caregivers who obtain a score of 10 or greater on the study depression measure (CES-D) will be included.
- Subjects also will require sufficient hearing and telephone access to be available for the phone segment of the intervention and assessment.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01141738
|United States, Illinois
|Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago
|Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
|Schwab Rehabilitation Hospital
|Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60608
|Alexian Brothers Hospital Network
|Elk Grove Village, Illinois, United States, 60007
|Advocate Health Care
|Park Ridge, Illinois, United States, 60068
|Principal Investigator:
|Rosemarie B King, R.N., Ph.D.
|Northwestern University
No publications provided
|Responsible Party:
|Rosemarie King, Rosemarie B. King, PhD, RN Research Professor Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01141738 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|May 10, 2010
|Last Updated:
|January 20, 2015
|Health Authority:
|United States: Institutional Review Board
Keywords provided by Northwestern University:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on October 09, 2015


text:
Top: Dodger blue chiffon top. Drop wasit. Charmeuse silk lining inside. Cut work on neckline and straps. Small and big floral motifs made on top. Silver sequined work all over.
Lehenga/Skirt: Chiffon flared lehenga has charmeuse silk lining inside. Major embellishments on thighs and lehenga hemline. Sequined work made all over the lehenga in silver colour.
Dupatta/Veil: Red chiffon dupatta has floral embellishments made on edges.
Embellishments made with sequins, beads, stones, kora, naqshi, and crystal work outlined with tilla. 100% hand embellished. 100% pure imported fabric.
Made in Pakistan.
If you would like to buy this outfit then download the order form, complete and send it back to us along with payment information. If you'd like to bring any changes please contact Customer Service and send in your custom changes prior to place your order with us. Custom changes may include anything including colour, fabric, style, neckline, sleeves, changes in amount of embroidery and/or any other changes that you may have. Order sample motif/swatch. Measurement Guide, Colour Swatches

subset: commoncrawl


text:
All things Mother Earth Living
by Robyn Griggs Lawrence, Editor at Large
grow your own food, food gardens, gardening
As more Americans tighten their belts to save a penny or two, many are finding they can save money by growing food-producing gardens.
While most sectors of the economy are detracting, seed companies have seen 20 to 30 percent sales growth. Irish Eyes Garden Seeds, a wholesale seed company in Washington, expects to gross $1 million this year. Owners Greg and Sue Lutovsky attribute increasing business in a falling economy to seeds' value. Greg told The Seattle Times that a person with a limited income could pay $2 for a head of lettuce or spend $2 on a packet of 300 seeds that will last all summer long.
Seed sales have risen 20 to 30 percent as more people turn to food-producing gardens to save money and feed themselves. Photo By SatrinaO/Courtesy Flickr
In addition to producing food, seeds can provide income. Many of Irish Eyes' customers purchase seeds so they can sell the produce later. One customer, a part-time contractor who also sold produce at a farmer's market, bought 500 pounds of potato seeds, which will result in 5,000 pounds of potatoes. Burpee, the world's largest seed company, offers a great deal on its website: For $10, customers can purchase $20 worth of seeds, which – according to Burpee – will yield $650 worth of vegetables.
Gardening is not all about saving money. You get the pleasure of working on a project you created. You can eat fresh, organic food that hasn't been genetically modified. You can even trade produce with other, garden-growing neighbors in your community.
If you're planning to plant a garden this spring, now is the perfect time to start choosing plants, ...
Learn about the rapid consolidation of the garden seed industry.
I have to admit it: I'm full of beans when it comes to gardening. I swore that this year, no really,...
Germinate your favorite parsley indoors this winter to get a head start on spring gardening. Enter f...
Subscribe to Mother Earth Living!
Welcome to Mother Earth Living, the authority on green lifestyle and design. Each issue of Mother Earth Living features advice to create naturally healthy and nontoxic homes for yourself and your loved ones. With Mother Earth Living by your side, you'll discover all the best and latest information you want on choosing natural remedies and practicing preventive medicine; cooking with a nutritious and whole-food focus; creating a nontoxic home; and gardening for food, wellness and enjoyment. Subscribe to Mother Earth Living today to get inspired on the art of living wisely and living well.
Save Money & a Few Trees!
Pay now with a credit card and take advantage of our earth-friendly automatic renewal savings plan. You'll save an additional $5 and get six issues of Mother Earth Living for just $14.95! (Offer valid only in the U.S.)
Or, choose Bill Me and pay just $19.95.
Copyright 2015, All Rights Reserved | Ogden Publications, Inc., 1503 SW 42nd St., Topeka, Kansas 66609-1265
Special Interest Websites : Good Things to Eat


text:
Preference Toric XR - 4 Pack
4 Lenses per box
Annual Supply:
2 boxes (1 per eye)
Wear Schedule:
Daily wear or up to 6 nights extended wear
Every 3 months
Lens Material:
Tetrafilcon A
(based on 4 reviews)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
of respondents would recommend this to a friend.
Best Uses
Reviewed by 4 customers
Sort by
Displaying reviews 1-4
Back to top
Happy with purchase
By ClaraBetti
from Va
About Me Experienced wearer, Need strong vision correction
Comments about Preference Toric XR - 4 Pack Custom Lens, 4 lenses per Box:
My optometrist was contacted quickly and delivery took about the same amount of Time if I would have ordered from my eye doc. Price was better..will use them again
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- You may also flag this review
Excellent comfortable contacts.
By Nice Guy
from New York, NY
I wear these contacts every day for 12-14 hours each day with no issues. I also have an active lifestyle which is not impaired in any way by these contacts and extended wear.
pretty good if you have an astigmatism
By pat
from boston, ma
these are pretty good if you have a bad astigmatism. They still do roll around on your eyes tho. They are about as good as you can get, I guess. Pricey, tho
I will continue to purchase this product
By bolaine
from Yonkers, NY
Use everyday.


text:
Previous studies have shown modular structures in PPI (protein-protein interaction) networks. More recently, many genome and metagenome investigations have focused on identifying modules in PPI networks. However, most of the existing methods are insufficient when applied to networks with overlapping modular structures. In our study, we describe a novel overlapping module identification method (OMIM) to address this problem.
Our method is an agglomerative clustering method merging modules according to their contributions to modularity. Nodes that have positive effects on more than two modules are defined as overlapping parts. As well, we designed de-noising steps based on a clustering coefficient and hub finding steps based on nodal weight.
The low computational complexity and few control parameters prove that our method is suitable for large scale PPI network analysis. First, we verified OMIM on a small artificial word association network which was able to provide us with a comprehensive evaluation. Then experiments on real PPI networks from the MIPS Saccharomyces Cerevisiae dataset were carried out. The results show that OMIM outperforms several other popular methods in identifying high quality modular structures.
In general, a good understanding of protein families provides us with further views on biological processes. Previous studies have shown that modular structures are densely connected internally but sparsely interacting with others in PPI networks [1,2]. Modules can be understood as independent sub-networks and proteins in the same module always interact more frequently and show stronger functional dependencies. These days, more and more people are likely to address biological problems with graphic models, where proteins or genes are viewed as nodes and their pair wise interactions as edges in a network [3,4].
Several methods have been proposed for module identification in the last decade. In 2003, Bader and Hogue proposed a molecular complex detection method (MCODE), which can separate densely connected regions by assigning a weight to each protein [5]. A Markov clustering method (MCL) which is based on flow simulation and high-flow areas corresponding to protein complexes was applied to detect protein families in 2002 [6]. A network module mining method (NeMo) proposed by Yan et al. identifies frequent dense sub-graphs in input networks using coherent edge frequencies, which can lose statistical power in sparse networks with few edges [7]. However, most of the existing methods cannot identify overlapping modules in PPI networks. As far as we know, some proteins may be included in multiple complexes and component parts of a complex could be activated at a specific time or location [8,9].
In 2006, a clique percolation method (CPM) was used for the first time to identify overlapping modules in PPI networks by finding fully connected sub-graphs of different minimum clique sizes [10]. But its high computational complexity (O(exp(n))where n represents the number of nodes in the network) hindered its application to large scale networks.
Based on these considerations, we propose the OMIM, which is able to partition large scale PPI networks with overlapping modular structures. OMIM first clusters all nodes using a Newman algorithm [11] and then defines nodes that have comparatively positive effects on the modularity of more than two modules as overlapping ones. Moreover, we designed de-noising steps through assigning a weight to each edge. Hubs can also be found according to their nodal weight. OMIM is a method that is able to identify highly interconnected modules and has few control parameters, allowing it to be applied to many types of networks. We evaluate OMIM as applied to an artificial network and a PPI network. The results showed that it outperforms several other current methodologies.
As we know, a PPI network can be described as an undirected and unweighted graph, G=(V,E), where V and E represent nodes (proteins) and edges (interactions) in the network. In our method, we first assign weights to all edges according to their importance to the network and remove those with lower weights as noise. Then the steps for identifying overlapping modules are performed. The main idea of identifying overlapping parts in OMIM is to find nodes that have comparatively positive effects on different modules. In addition, hubs were also found according to connections with their neighbors [12].
In general, data in PPI networks are obtained from high-throughput protein-protein interaction experiments. So far, the most frequently used protein-protein interaction detection methods are yeast-2-hybrid, tandem affinity purification, mass spectrometry technology and protein chip technology. Although these high-throughput detection methods make for easy experimentation, they bring about noise and incompleteness [13-15].
The main idea in our de-noising step is to assign a weight to each edge of a PPI network to reflect the reliability of the corresponding interactions. In our study, we use a popular metric from graph theory, i.e., clustering coefficient. A clustering coefficient is a measure that represents the interconnectivity in the neighborhood of a node [16]. The clustering coefficient of node i with degree ki can be described as
where ni denotes the number of triangles that go through node i.
The weight between nodes i and j can be assigned according to the following equation:
where CC' represents the clustering coefficient after the edge between i and j is removed. According to the viewpoint of Asur et al. [16], if two nodes are not actually connected in the original network, then the SCC(i,j) value should be small or equal to zero. Here, we define a threshold α, and remove edges that are smaller than α as noise.
Overlapping module identification method
Newman algorithm
Because OMIM is a variant of the Newman algorithm, we first introduce the Newman algorithm briefly. This is a hierarchical agglomerative method based on the idea of modularity [11]. We know that modularity is a measure of the quality of a particular division of a network and a large value of modularity always corresponds to good network division [17]. If we let erk be the fraction of edges in the network, connecting nodes in group r to those in group k and let , then
where Q is a quality function representing modularity. The physical meaning of Eq. (4) is that modularity is equal to the fraction of edges that fall within modules, minus the expected value of the same quantity if edges fall at random without regard to its modular structure [11]. The Newman algorithm is a method for optimizing Q in order to discover the best modular structure.
The steps of the Newman algorithm can be summarized as follows.
Step 1. Initialize each node in the input data to be a module, define a matrix e and a vector a according to Eqs. (5) and (6).
where m represent the total number of edges in the network.
Step 2. Calculate the change of modularity ΔQ according to:
Merge module pairs with the maximum value of ΔQ. Update matrix e by adding the rows and columns of the corresponding merged modules.
Step 3. Repeat Step 2, until the entire network has become one big module.
From this description, the progress of the Newman algorithm can be represented as a dendrogram. If we choose to cut at different levels, different modular structures can be obtained. Actually, Newman chooses to cut at the maximum value of Q to obtain the best modular structure.
Identifying overlapping parts
It should be noted that complexes in PPI networks are not static and proteins can be included in different modules. Therefore, identifying overlapping parts between different modules is necessary. We first perform the Newman algorithm to the input data. Then we try to identify overlapping nodes according to their contribution to modularity. The detailed steps are as follows.
Step 1. Perform Newman algorithm. All nodes are clustered without overlapping parts.
Step 2. Define nodes, whose neighbors belong to more than two modules, to be candidate nodes.
Step 3. Randomly select node i from the set of candidate nodes. Assume that i is in module A and one of its neighbors,j, in module B. Copy i to B and a new module B' is obtained. If Eq. (8) is satisfied, then i is an overlapping node.
where QB and QB' is the modularity of B and B'.
Step 4. Repeat Steps 2 ~ 3 until all overlapping parts are identified.
Discovering hubs
Jordan et al. first found hubs when they studied the evolution of protein and referred to the proteins with large number of partners as hubs [18]. Han et al. divided hubs into two classes: party hubs and date hubs [19]. Party hubs are hubs that interact with their partners at the same time, whereas date hubs either bind their different partners at different times or at different locations. According to their study in a network with a modular structure, date hubs always organize the proteome, while party hubs function inside modules. We propose a computational method to detect the hubs far easier.
First, we defined party hubs as those proteins that have maximal nodal weight (wi) in a module, i.e.,
where partly hubr means a party hub of module r.
Date hubs are defined as proteins that bind at least three modules. We set a variable ACCi to denote the number of modules to which i is bound. The computational method of ACCi is
where nr is the total number of modules in the network and f(i) is defined as follows:
1. de-noising
input: G=(V,E); α
for all nodes i(i∈V) in G
compute the clustering coefficient CCi
for all edges (i,j)((i,j)∈E) in G
compute the weight SCC(i,j)
if SCC(i,j)<α
remove edge (i,j) as noise
a new graph G'=(V',E') is obtained
2. clustering
input: G'=(V',E'); number of nodes n; number of edges m
compute degree k for all nodes and construct e and a
1. compute the increment of modularity ΔQ for all edges
2. while (there are more than one modules)
merge the module pairs with the maximum ΔQ;
update e and a;
recalculate ΔQ;
3. sort all Q s from all iterations and choose the modular structure M corresponding to the largest Q.
4. for node i in M
if i belongs to module A and its neighbor (in G') j belongs to B
copy i to B and construct B'
i is an overlapping node between A and B
5. a new modular structure M' with overlapping parts is obtained.
3. discovering hubs
input: M'
for module r in M'
party hubr=argmax wi,i∈r
for each node i not in any module
if ACCi≥3
i is a date hub
Results and discussion
Data sources
In our experiments, we validated our method on two datasets, i.e., a small-scale artificial dataset and a large-scale PPI dataset. The artificial dataset is derived from the South Florida Word Association database [20], with 151 nodes and 155 edges in the network (Figure 1). The eight core nodes playing important roles are month, sunshine, camp, sleep, work, enjoy, long and sunny respectively, which are connected by the key word day.
Figure 1. Artificial word association dataset. The artificial word association dataset is a small scale network used to validate OMIM. It can be seen as a double layer network. 9 words constitute the first layer, in which the word 'day' works as a hub. The second layer consists of 8 sub-networks that center on other 8 words in the first layer, i.e., month, sunshine, camp, sleep, work, enjoy, long and sunny.
The yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) PPI networks used in our study are from the MIPS Comprehensive Yeast Genome Database (CYGD) (PPI_18052006) [21]. The dataset contains 4989 proteins and 13583 interactions after removing isolated nodes and self-cycled edges. The on-line annotation tool, GO term finder (version 0.83), is from the SGD database (Saccharomyces Genome Database) [22], which contains 7292 genes as a background set.
Methods used for comparisons in our experiments are Newman, MCL and CPM. There are two main reasons for this selection. In first instance, these are three classical clustering algorithms that have been widely used in many fields. Their use makes for clearer comparisons. Secondly, these algorithms represent the most appropriate methods in different aspects for comparison with OMIM. According to Brohée et al. [23], MCL outperforms many other algorithms, especially in partitioning PPI networks. CPM is a widely known classical method for identifying overlapping modules and the Newman algorithm is the ancestor of OMIM.
Among these three methods, MCL was executed as an embedded program of BioLayout Express 3D [24] and the CPM algorithm was performed by using of CFiner, a tool created for clustering based on CPM [25].
Performance on an artificial dataset
Three evaluation indices, i.e., accuracy (AC), overlapping rate (OL) and average degree (AVD) were used.
where node j is a neighbor of node i, mi represents the total number of neighbor nodes of i, num_V(r) and num_E(r) represent the number of nodes and edges in module r respectively. xi(j) is a function defined as follows: if j is classified correctly, xi(j)=1; else, xi(j)=0.
Table 1 shows that the OMIM performed better than the other methods on accuracy. Although CPM is an algorithm which is able to find overlapping modular structures, it performed worst on the artificial dataset. The reason for this is that, the CPM filtered too much useful nodes during its execution. MCL discovered one more module than OMIM. The discrepancy is primarily due to the fact that MCL cannot deal with hierarchical networks and regards the first layer as another module. Note that the OL value of Newman is 1, which is a result of its inability to identify overlapping module structures.
Table 1. Results of the comparison on the word association dataset
Eight party hubs were found by OMIM, i.e., month, sunshine, camp, sleep, work, enjoy, long and sunny. The date hub is day. Besides, we also discovered four overlapping nodes: moon, outside, delight and walk. Compared with the original network shown in Figure 1, our results can correctly cluster all nodes, verifying the effectiveness of our method.
Performance on PPI networks
According to the SGD database, the P-value is an index to determine the statistical significance of the association of a particular GO term with a group of genes. It has been widely used in bioinformatics in recent years [4,26]. In general, its values are between 0 and 1. The closer the P-value is to zero, the more significant the particular GO term associated with the group of genes, i.e.:
where n represents the size of the entire network, n1 is a cluster obtained from the experiment, n2 the number of proteins annotated with a specific GO term and ol the number of proteins in n1 that can be annotated with the specific GO term.
In our experiments, P-values that higher than 0.01 were eliminated. We used the negative natural logarithms (-log P-value) to substitute for P-value.
Cluster frequency
Cluster frequency is another index used in the SGD database which indicates the number of proteins in the experimental group annotated in a specific GO term. Although it is not as meaningful as P-value to represent the significance of a cluster to a specific GO term, its statistical value reflects the proportion of proteins that can reasonably be annotated, i.e.:
Discard rate
The discard rate represents the proportion of proteins not assigned to any module. In general, this rate reflects the filtering ability of the algorithm.
Size distribution of PPI modules obtained by OMIM
After setting the minimum module size to 4, we obtained 115 modules (Additional file 1) with a maximum value of Q=0.3616. Figure 2 is the size distribution of modules obtained by OMIM.
Additional file 1. A list of 115 potential functional modules.pdf. This file contains all potential functional modules obtained by OMIM. For module #111 and 113, we did not list their members. The reason is that, their extremely large module sizes, 695 and 392, make them unreliable.
Format: PDF Size: 183KB Download file
This file can be viewed with: Adobe Acrobat Reader
Figure 2. Size distribution of PPI modules obtained by OMIM. In Figure 2, the abscissa indicates the size of the modules, i.e, the number of proteins in each module. The ordinate shows the number of modules with the size corresponding to abscissa.
Figure 2 shows that most modules are small, with very few modules that are extremely large. This coincides with the scale-free property of PPI networks, where most proteins interact with few partners, while a few proteins interact with many partners. The degree distribution of the PPI dataset in Figure 3 is able to explain the property.
Figure 3. Degree distribution of PPI dataset. In Figure 3, K represents the degree of protein and the ordinate P(K) the fraction of proteins in the network with degree K.
From Figure 3 we can see that, like most scale-free networks, the degree of the distribution of the PPI dataset follows the power law relationship P (K)~K-r with r≈2.5.
Enrichment analysis
Enrichment analysis is an important index for protein function annotation. We used the GO term finder to assign a main function that corresponding to the best P-value to each module. 10 modules were selected randomly to demonstrate the results of the enrichment analysis (Additional file 2).
Additional file 2. Enrichment and cluster frequency analysis of 115 modules.pdf. The best P-values and its corresponding cluster frequencies of 115 modules obtained by SGD Go term finder. The empty cells in this table denote 'No significant ontology term can be found for this module'.
Format: PDF Size: 76KB Download file
This file can be viewed with: Adobe Acrobat Reader
Table 2 shows that most modules are able to be annotated to reliable functions on three Gene Ontology categories, i.e., molecular functions, biological process and cellular component. According to the P-values in Table 2, the most significant module is # 21, with -log P-values of 75.04, 44.07 and 83.63 respectively. However, there are also some modules which do not clearly belong to any GO term functions, such as module # 98. In addition, we can infer proteins with unknown functions according to their membership in a module. In module # 12, RRP4/RRP42/RRP43/SKI6 are with unknown molecular function. However, their neighbor, DIS3, has the following molecular functions: 3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity, tRNA binding and endoribonuclease activity. Consequently, we can infer that RRP4/RRP42/RRP43/SKI6 may be associated with one or more molecular functions of DIS3.
Table 2. Enrichment analysis of 10 randomly selected modules
Cluster frequency analysis
Cluster frequency analysis is another evaluation criterion for protein module construction, indicating the proportion of proteins in an experimental group annotated in a specific GO term (Additional file 2). Figure 4 is the cluster frequency of 115 modules obtained by OMIM. Figure 4 shows that most modules have a very high cluster frequency. In fact, 26 modules have a cluster frequency of 100% in the category of biological process. The result shows that most proteins in these modules have a common reliable function in OMIM.
Figure 4. Cluster frequency of 115 modules on category BP, MF and CC. The abscissa indicates the module number and the ordinate the cluster frequency (%) in Figure 4. Cluster frequency on three main functions BP (biological process), MF (molecular functions) and CC (cellular component) were marked by different colors.
Comparison of OMIM with other algorithms on PPI dataset
In order to validate the OMIM on the PPI dataset, we compared it with the Newman, MCL and CPM algorithms. The results for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PPI dataset are summarized in Table 3. The performance was largely measured by the discard rate and the enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (molecular functions, biological process and cellular component).
Table 3. Comparison OMIM with other competing algorithms on PPI dataset
Table 3 shows that OMIM and Newman discard the least number of proteins (44.26%) for constructing modules compared with the other two methods. Moreover, OMIM is superior to Newman and MCL according to the enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology categories (BP, MF and CC). Although it has higher -log P-values on BP and CC than OMIM, CPM filtered too many proteins (about 85.51%) which may result in losing much useful information.
The studies on an artificial and a PPI dataset verify the effectiveness of our method. In the experiment on the artificial dataset, the OMIM can find all modules correctly with an accuracy of 1.0000. All hubs that play key roles in the artificial networks are found precisely. In the experiment on the PPI dataset, we evaluated the performance of OMIM by enrichment analysis, cluster frequency analysis and in comparisons with other competing algorithms. All of the evaluation measures resulted in good performances. In addition, 30% of the hub proteins found by OMIM could directly be verified by the study of Han et al. [19]. However, since the degree distribution of the PPI dataset follows a power law, the discrepancy on modular sizes was quite large, which is not rational. In our future work, we will try to settle the problem of unbalanced clustering.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
XW and LL conceived the research and all authors designed it. LL carried out the calculations and all authors analyzed the results. The manuscript was drafted by LL and YC and written/revised by all authors. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Acknowledgements and funding
This work was supported by the grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 60804022, 60974050, 61072094, 61133010 & 31071168, the grants from the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Award Nos. NCET-08-0836, and NCET-10-0765, and the grant from the Fok Ying-Tung Education Foundation for Young Teachers, No. 121066.
This article has been published as part of BMC Bioinformatics Volume 13 Supplement 7, 2012: Advanced intelligent computing theories and their applications in bioinformatics. Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Intelligent Computing (ICIC 2011). The full contents of the supplement are available online at http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcbioinformatics/supplements/13/S7.
Schwikowski B, Uetz P, Fields S: A network of interacting proteins in yeast.
Nat Biotechnol 2000, 18(12):1257-1261. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Spirin V, Mirny LA: Protein complexes and functional modules in molecular networks.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003, 100(21):12123-12128. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Rhrissorrakrai K, Gunsalus KC: MINE: module identification in networks.
BMC Bioinformatics 2011, 12:192. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Cui G, Chen Y, Huang DS, Han K: An algorithm for finding functional modules and protein complexes in protein-protein interaction networks.
J Biomed Biotechnol 2008, 2008:860270. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Bader GD, Hogue CW: An automated method for finding molecular complexes in large protein interaction networks.
BMC Bioinformatics 2003, 4(1):2. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Enright AJ, Van Dongen S, Ouzounis CA: An efficient algorithm for large-scale detection of protein families.
Nucleic Acids Res 2002, 30(7):1575-1584. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Yan X, Mehan MR, Huang Y, Waterman MS, Yu PS, Zhou XJ: A graph-based approach to systematically reconstruct human transcriptional regulatory modules.
Bioinformatics 2007, 23(13):i577-i586. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Titz B, Schlesner M, Uetz P: What do we learn from high-throughput protein interaction data?
Expert Rev Proteomics 2004, 1:111-121. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Liu C, Li J, Zhao Y: Exploring hierarchical and overlapping modular structure in the yeast protein interaction network.
BMC Genomics 2010, 11(Suppl 4):S17. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Adamcsek B, Palla G, Farkas IJ, Derenyi I, Vicsek T: CFinder: locating cliques and overlapping modules in biological networks.
Bioinformatics 2006, 22(8):1021-1023. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Newman MEJ: Fast algorithm for detecting community structure in networks.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004, 69(6 Pt 2):066133. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Shafer P, Isganitis T, Yona G: Hubs of knowledge: using the functional link structure in Biozon to mine for biologically significant entities.
BMC Bioinformatics 2006, 7:71. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Kuchaiev O, Rašajski M, Higham DJ, Pržulj N: Geometric de-noising of protein-protein interaction networks.
PLoS Comput Biol 2009, 5(8):e1000454.. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Xia JF, Han K, Huang DS: Sequence-based prediction of protein-protein interactions by means of rotation forest and autocorrelation descriptor.
Protein Pept Lett 2010, 17(1):137-145. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Shi MG, Xia JF, Li XL, Huang DS: Predicting protein-protein interactions from sequence using correlation coefficient and high-quality interaction dataset.
Amino Acids 2010, 38(3):891-899. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Asur S, Ucar D, Parthasarathy S: An ensemble framework for clustering protein-protein interaction networks.
Bioinformatics 2007, 23(13):i29-i40. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Newman MEJ, Girvan M: Finding and evaluating community structure in networks.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004, 69(2 Pt 2):026113. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Jordan IK, Wolf YI, Koonin EV: No simple dependence between protein evolution rate and the number of protein-protein interactions: only the most prolific interactors tend to evolve slowly.
BMC Evol Biol 2003, 3:1. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Han JDJ, Bertin N, Hao T: Evidence for dynamically organized modularity in the yeast protein-protein interaction network.
Nature 2004, 430(6995):88-93. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Nelson DL, McEvoy CL, Schreiber TA: The University of South Florida word association, rhyme, and word fragment norms.
Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 2004, 36(3):402-407. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Güldener U, Münsterkötter M, Kastenmüller G, Strack N, van Helden J, Lemer C, Richelles J, Wodak SJ, Garcia-Martinez J, Perez-Ortin JE, Michael H, Kaps A, Talla E, Dujon B, Andre B, Souciet JL, De Montigny J, Bon E, Gaillardin C, Mewes HW: CYGD: the Comprehensive Yeast Genome Database. [http://mips.helmholtz-muenchen.de/genre/proj/yeast/] webcite
Nucleic Acids Res 2005, 33:D364-D368. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
SGD GO Term Finder [http://www.yeastgenome.org/cgi-bin/GO/goTerm Finder.pl] webcite
Brohee S, van Helden J: Evaluation of clustering algorithms for protein-protein interaction networks.
BMC Bioinformatics 2006, 7:488. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Van Dongen S: Graph clustering by flow simulation. [http://www.biolayout.org/] webcite
Palla G, Derényi I, Farkas I, Vicsek T: Uncovering the overlapping community structure of complex networks in nature and society. [http://www.cfinder.org/] webcite
Nature 2005, 435:814-818. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Kim J, Huang DS, Han K: Finding motif pairs in the interactions between heterogeneous proteins via bootstrapping and boosting.
BMC Bioinformatics 2009, 10(Suppl 1):S57. PubMed Abstract | BioMed Central Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text


text:
This item is no longer available for purchase.
(based on 10 reviews)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
of respondents would recommend this to a friend.
Best Uses
Reviewed by 10 customers
Sort by
Displaying reviews 1-10
Back to top
(0 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
okay unit
By gadgetsandgizmosguy
from Undisclosed
Comments about Frigidaire 12,000 BTU Window Air Conditioner:
It does cool. Has a condensate connection above ground level. Handy because most units like this don't. Allows easier hookup of a hose to drain outside or into a bucket where you collect it to empty manually or with an automatic condensate pump to move it elsewhere. Keep an eye on the second drain all the way at the bottom. The flimsy rubber cover for it was knocked off when moving the unit to a different location. Resulted in very wet carpet. On a good note, once fixed, it sucked all the moisture out of the room and the carpet in 8 hours. Beware, the unit does shut itself OFF when left alone. I keep coming back to find it has yet once again shut itself off. Not good when I'm trying to keep the temperature down when I'm not there to monitor the room. It uses room air to cool the condensation coils so it sucks the nice cool air of the room out. Would not work for sealed rooms where you don't want to suck in 100+ deg air into the room.
Bottom Line No, I would not recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- You may also flag this review
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
AC unit had a dent in frame
By Walter N. Budnowski
from Rensselaer, New York
About Me Quality Oriented
The only problem I had with the AC: there was a dent on the upper left hand side of frame of the unit. The packing box showed no damage. My guess is, the unit received the dent at Frigidaire, and not PC Richard.The unit works great.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
User Unfriendly
By Carey
This unit is labor intensive, messy, and damaging to furniture and flooring! It puts out a lot of water which must be collected and discarded...how? Use a garden hose out the window, but it doesn't gravity feed water uphill, so you would have to get the unit up higher than the windowsill. Drain it into a bucket, and babysit the unit to empty the bucket every couple of hours...not to mention that it drips at the hose connection like a garden hose does!
do not buy this name brand ever
By neena
from union n.j.
About Me Value Oriented
I brought this product on 7/6/2013 for my livingroom which is a size of medium bedroom. left on all day the room remains not cool but warm. I have a 8000 btu in bedroom and it cool off better than this product. the only thing good about it was installation. the bad thing is it's making noise and not cooling the room do not buy at all. and P.C Richard does not give back money just store credit but they do want you to spend extra money for a knew one that's not fair. stay away from this name brand.
Nice product, but too loud for a bedroom
By DFR
from Selden, NY
Service and delivery comments:
Delivery was exceptional. Could not ask for better delivery service
Hook up the garden hose!!!!
By Becky1
In the operating instructions page 9 - Cooling mode - it only says "In this mode the exhaust adaptor hose MUST be used" but does not mention the garden hose. Unless you are using the dehumidifying mode the garden hose would not be needed - according to the drainage section on page 10. WELL..... waking up to dripping at 2 a.m. with a lot of water all over the table top we had the unit on and the floor surrounding .... I think there must have been a misprint. That was a bit upsetting to say the least BUT on a good note - once that problem was discovered and fixed we still like the unit. It cools our area very well and is not noisy. We had lived in an apartment at one point and that small wall unit was much much louder. Would recommend this unit but make sure you hook up the garden hose immediately!!!
Terrible A/C
By Good Customer
from New York, NY
I bought a 5000 and 12000 Frigidaire. I returned both due to the cons and the malfunctions. Don't waste your money on these, although the manufacturer's warranty is great. No additional warranty needs to be purchased.
Fins don't work
By Basic Consumer
from Yonkers, NY
I checked reviews, but none covered the small oval air direction fins that don't work. It's an important feature. Also, control panel is black with tiny medium gray letters-- you need a flashlight to see them. Control pads aren't very responsive & beeps annoying. Loud air wooshing noise even on low fan. What happened to Frigidaire's usual great AC units? Recycle air & Sleep features are good. Cools ok if temp is set low.
By jvawter
The unit operates very quietly for a 12,000 BTU unit. The features are ample for quiet and comfortable operation. It rolls very nicely on carpeting as well as hard surfaced floor. Nothing in the instructions indicates that condensate needs to be disposed of manually. The air duct that connects to the window is a little difficult to attach to the connectors, but a little talcum powder applied to the inside of the fittings makes it work better. It's a good idea to locate and purchase an automatic condensate pump for use with this unit. This will allow you to set the unit and allow it to run unattended for extended periods of time. The biggest drawback of this unit is that it draws air from the room to cool the condensing unit which forces an exchange of outside air into the room. A separate air duct for outside air coming into the unit would increase its efficiency considerably. Overall, it's a very good buy for the money and functions very well.
(20 of 21 customers found this review helpful)
By Liz the Bargainhunter
from Burlington, NJ
I purchased this a/c after returning the first no-name brand I purchased from another store that was too loud, vibrated & put out "luke-warm air." Well, I did my research online & stumbled across this Frigidaire & WOW!!! It cools off my entire downstairs, looks nice & sleek, is very quiet & is kept on low all day. I am most pleased. And the saying is true; "you get what you pay for." It was worth every penny!!!
Sign up for details
Receive all the latest offers and news fromP.C. Richard
& Son!
Receive all the latest offers and news fromP.C. Richard &
We Accept:
Receive all the latest offers and news from P.C. Richard & Son!


text:
- Show Prep
- Listen to FTL
- FTL Info
- Community
- Support FTL
- Learn More
The LAPD is currently conducting the largest organized manhunt in LA history. The search now spans four States, California, Nevada, Arizona and New Mexico. The suspect is former LAPD officer and ex-US Navy reservist, Christopher Dorner who has declared "unconventional and asymmetrical warfare" on the LAPD, their families, and any associated agencies who assist the officers he refers to as "enemy combatants."
In all this insanity I can't help but feel like I'm reading about a live action reenactment of an episode in the life of Frank Castle, the sociopathic antihero known as The Punisher.
LIVE 7 Days a Week!
Mon-Sun: 7pm-10pm Eastern
Call toll-free:
Welcome Free Talk Live 2.5! Now, with Reddit!
You'll need a Reddit account before you can vote on and submit show prep. (That is different from your FTL/AMP account.)
The content here is the same as you will see on the FTL Subreddit.
Enjoy the site and thanks for submitting your content!


text:
Real Life: I'm a Principal
Contemplating who is responsible for dealing with bullying behavior at school.
Michelle Rosenfeld Hughes was born in 1960 to two public school teachers, grew up in New York City, and attended public schools. She spent the first twelve years of her teaching career as a progressive public middle school teacher in Red Hook, New York. In her twelfth year of teaching, No Child Left Behind policies took hold and, after struggling to find ways to continue real teaching and learning, like many, she found it impossible to remain teaching in the system. She left public education to begin the middle school program at High Meadow School in Stone Ridge, NY, in 2001 and assumed the headship in 2010. High Meadow is an independent not-for-profit progressive school serving 165 children from Nursery to 8th grade. In addition to her work in schools, Michelle is a writer of fiction and essays on education. She received her BA in Visual Arts from SUNY New Paltz and her MA in Elementary and Museum Education from Bank Street College of Education.
Editor's Note: Here's Chapter 9 of High Meadow School Principal Michelle Hughes' Journal Series, Real Life: I'm a Principal. Take a look at her previous post here.
October 22, 2012
Today I am thinking about a little girl who is struggling to deal with the very subtle but consistent passive-aggressive behavior of another child -- behavior that is very hard for the teachers to detect, much less address. This little girl really wants the friendship of the offending child, who has many wonderful attributes. But try as the teacher might to create a caring classroom with a strong sense of belonging and engagement, she cannot seem to figure out the dynamic between these two girls or get to the bottom of the passive aggression. The parents of this child do not seem to believe that their daughter is capable of such behavior, and this prevents opportunities for growth in this area.
It was our suggestion to the parents of girl A, who are truly up in arms over this, that they seek strategies for their daughter, whose own pattern is not serving her: she seeks girl B out, consistently reports on her hurtful behavior to her parents, but cannot seem to bring herself to seek help from her teachers. We recommended play therapy with an experienced provider, which could help get to the bottom of girl A's struggles in advocating for herself while giving her strategies for doing so. While the parents agreed to explore this avenue for their child, they felt so cheated by the fact that it is them who must do this work, when it is girl B's behavior that is the root of the problem. They feel their daughter is being held responsible for a problem she did not create.
In our administration team meeting, we talked at length about this issue. What is within the teacher's control and what cannot be? Can a teacher be expected to detect the subtle slights of a passive aggressive child and address that, particularly when the offended child will not come forward? Can the teacher really know whether these behaviors are truly directed at girl A or simply behavior that she projects in general, but girl A is so hooked into every wink and shrug of girl B that she takes these gestures personally? Furthermore, once the groundrules are established in the classroom for how we are to treat one another, how far should a teacher go in the shaping of a particular child's character when that is highly subjective? At what point is a teacher blurring the line between teacher and psychotherapist?
We did not come to any firm conclusions, despite the long debate. I must be honest about my sadness and frustration. How is it possible that in a school such as ours -- where so much time, effort, and energy are spent cultivating a culture of kindness and belonging, and the expectations for productive problem-solving are high -- we can still have children participating in the cycle of bullying? I am awed by the persistence and elusiveness of this dynamic among humans, particularly the under-the-radar variety in which the females of our species can engage.
Read the final Chapter 10 here.


text:
Line Logo T-Shirt (Women's) (out-of-stock)
Out of Stock Product Number: 28576
Like the Patagonian Massif, the logo is prone to occasional shifts and changes. The colorful Line Logo T-Shirt sloughs convention with bold lines rendered by artist Aaron Draplin. Lighter organic cotton (100%) fabric has a soft hand and comfortable drape; PVC- and phthalate-free inks are easier on the environment. The slightly shaped tee has an athletic classic boy fit and features a traditional crew neck and longer length. Taped shoulder seams for no-chafe comfort under a pack.
* This product does not qualify for shipping to all countries.
- Screen-print inks are PVC- and phthalate-free
- Taped shoulder seams for comfort
- Super soft, 40 singles 100% organic cotton jersey
- Made in USA.
Made In USA
Made In USA
Gender: Women's
Weight: 103 g (3.62 oz)
Material: 4-oz 100% organic cotton
Season: S12
Vendor ProductId: 59666
Review ProductId: 28576


text:
Thank You for Visiting WOK 88 New York Chinese Restaurant.
Our address is follow:
1570 3rd Ave # 1
New York, NY 10128-2265
(212) 828-8688
If you are looking for A great Chinese and Asian style cuisine? You should try us for sure. We provide all types of dishes to public. Call us for a easy take out or just simply walk in to enjoy our great food.
uggs cyber monday


text:
Hamish hits top form in doubles
Posted: October 04, 2012|
Hamish O'Mahony picked up two titles at Beckington Tennis Association's annual doubles tournaments.
He combined with Alex Day to win the men's doubles title, defeating Andy Doel and Bruce Isaac in the final, and joined forces with Susie Burwell to take the mixed crown with victory over Lisa Derbyshire and Martin Ward.
The ladies' doubles competition was won by Elaine Leeder and Jude Dalley-Smith, who beat Derbyshire and Kate Doble-Birch in the final, with Leeder also triumphing in the over-45 mixed doubles alongside Richard Elsden. Mark Finch and Karen Miles were the losing finalists.
For more information about joining Beckington Tennis Association, the junior coaching programme or the annual 10K run on October 14, visit www.beckingtontennis.co.uk.


text:
Connecticut Health Insurance
About 5% of the population in the United States is concerned about ensuring their health with different health insurance plans and that rate is rising steeply. Since the needs and working environment of people are changing with time, it's important to make sure your health needs are covered as well. There are different types of Connecticut insurance including: family health insurance or group health insurance, depending upon the needs of the person. These are different from group insurance policies. Our agents are experts in all aspects of these health insurance policies and the rate of interest that we offer is in cohesion with the Connecticut State Insurance Department, which is the policy law maker.
However, be it a group policy or an individual policy, an individual seeking out a policy for his or her family would naturally prefer cheaper interest rates. Also, total flexibility is assured to insurance holders for the services they have to cover in the policy term period. In this way they can choose some deductable rate policies with rising interest rate and thus save money.
Since many companies are not offering insurance policies to their employees they are frequently changing sectors. But filing for an individual Connecticut health insurance policy, an individual can enjoy its benefits without having to change a working sector. Individual health insurance is suitable for college graduates, freelancers etc and group insurance for small scale industries or business, proprietor for their companies etc.
With the changing life style of people, their needs are also different. Thus, InsuringCT.com will provide some of best plans to our customers with cost-effective solutions. As an insurance holder, you will enjoy the benefits like cheap rates with reduction in tax payable amounts. Get all the details at InsuringCT.com.
To consult an Insuring CT expert call (877) 227-3770.


text:
Wapakoneta Primary Care
Wapakoneta Primary Care at the Wapakoneta Medical Center includes the family and internal medicine practice of V.K. Rao Chalasani, M.D., who is Board Certified in Internal Medicine and Geriatrics.
The Wapakoneta Medical Center has been serving the community for almost 20 years. Included in the Center is an on-site radiology/imaging work area with a laboratory where hours of service fit the needs of patients. Wapakoneta Primary Care also features a walk-in lab draw. This service is now available and open at 6 am Monday through Friday.
As part of Grand Lake Health System, the staff of Wapakoneta Primary Care is proud of the improved facility's special services now offered to meet the various healthcare needs of patients – just as the entire Grand Lake Health System takes pride in providing high-quality, low-cost, sensitive healthcare to service the needs of the Grand Lake region.


text:
- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
Call our Gear Heads
at: 800-449-9128
Call our Gear Heads
at: 800-449-9128
Unprecedented tone, flexibility and response.
Select Jazz reeds feature the thickest spine and blank of D'Addario's jazz reeds, with a traditional tip shape. The Select Jazz cut offers great projection, focus, and a vibrant sound. Offered in third strengths, rather than half strengths, so players can choose the most precise strength for their individual equipment.
Review Snapshot®by PowerReviews
Reviewed by 1 customer
Best Uses
Comments about D'Addario Woodwinds Select Jazz Filed Soprano Saxophone Reeds:
I've tried most other brands and always return to these.
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


text:
Effect of flow rate on separation and peak symmetry when using Macro-Prep High S media. A 5 ml sample (1.4 mg/ml) of myoglobin (peak 1), ribonuclease A (peak 2), and cytochrome c (peak 3) was run on 1 x 13 cm (8.7 ml) column at each of the indicated flow rates. The buffer was 20 mM potassium phosphate, pH 8.0 with a gradient of 0–1 M KCI over 75 ml.
To read more click here
Macro-Prep High S Resin is a strong cation exchange resin containing sulfonate functional groups that is ideal for purifying basic and neutral proteins and peptides. It is an excellent choice for rapid purification that meets the demands of analytical, semipreparative, and process-scale applications.
This methacrylate copolymer bead provides high-resolution separations at very high flow rates. Changes in pH or ionic strength of the buffer do not cause shrinking or swelling of the support. The superior mechanical and chemical stability of Macro-Prep High S Resin make it a preferred choice over other sulfonate cation exchangers on the market. Macro-Prep High S Resin can be sanitized with chaotropic agents and can be autoclaved. It provides consistent and reproducible results.
Features and Benefits of Macro-Prep High S Resin
More Information
Macro-Prep® High S Resin Product Information Sheet (Bulletin 5643)
Instruction Manual, Macro-Prep® Ion Exchange Resins (LIT271)
Regulatory support files are available upon request. Bio-Rad Laboratories is an ISO 9001-registered corporation.
What is the education discount policy?
For more than 15 years, Bio-Rad has made science education a major priority. To support this effort, the company has implemented a discount policy that allows high school and college teaching laboratories to purchase kits, instruments, reagents, and other equipment at preferred prices.
How do I apply for the education discount?
If you are an educator at the high school or college level, visit our Education Discount Policy page to establish an education account number.
Account price failed to display. Please try reloading the page.
Reload Page
If you are placing an order, you may proceed with your order; the account price will be applied if it is lower than the list price. If the problem persists, please call customer service at
or send an email to
100 ml, strong cation exchange chromatography media, 50 μm particle size
Communication error
Reload Page
500 ml, strong cation exchange chromatography media, 50 μm particle size
5 L, strong cation exchange chromatography media, for analytical, semi-preparative, and process scale applications, 50 μm particle size
10 L, strong cation exchange chromatography media, for analytical, semi-preparative, and process scale applications, 50 μm particle size
25 ml, strong cation exchange chromatography media, 50 μm particle size
Sorry, an error has occurred. Please try again. If the problem persists, please call {0} for assistance.


text:
- That's right, folks. Before the Tigers head into the Bronx to face the Evil Empire, they'll call up this June's first round pick, Andrew Miller. "He'll be used in the bullpen. Our minor-league people say Miller has thrown the ball in outstanding fashion and can help us right now," said Dave Dombrowski. Well, if there's any test to see whether a young player is ready for the big leagues or not, it would be Yankee Stadium. But still, he's coming up from Lakeland. Single-A! I just can't get over it. [ESPN]
- Also in the same article by ESPN, Jim Leyland says that Mike Maroth will be put into the bullpen. "We'll put him in the bullpen," he said. "I'm not planning on Mike Maroth being in the rotation the rest of the year." Wil Ledezma was already scheduled for Wednesday's start, which also means that Zach Miner could still see a spot start or two for the Tigers. [ESPN (again)]
- I've already mentioned the ridiculously high ticket prices Mike Ilitch expects us to pay for the playoffs. So I'll mention it again. [DetNews]
- Oh, look, right on time ESPN. "Price of success: World Series tix prices up 35%." That's right, that regular box seat that cost $185 in the World Series last year now costs an average of $250. The top price for tickets has more than tripled since 1998. Funny, I haven't seen my income more than triple… I thought baseball was always going to be the people's game. Lazy afternoons and evenings with affordable tickets — apparently things aren't supposed to be consumer oriented once summer ends. [ESPN]
- Playoff roster eligibility? Never heard of it. Isn't it a little early to be thinking about that? Apparently not. [Detroit Tiger Weblog]
- Columbus, Georgia, won the Little League World Series. [FSN]
- I'm not going to quote that ESPN article again. Brent Clevlen was sent back to Erie, and Colby Lewis went back to Toledo. The Tigers also called up Alexis Gomez for a left-handed bat in the outfield, as well as Miller. [Det Tiger Weblog]
Around the Bases 8.28.06: Andrew Miller Gets the Call
Filed under Detroit Sports, Detroit Tigers, MLB, Professional Sports, Sports


text:
The proposed amendment modifies the commission substantive rule relating to the ERCOT budget process to conform to changes made by the Legislature in House Bill (HB) 1600. Additional amendments are being proposed to conform this rule with current procedures the commission utilizes when interacting with ERCOT regarding governance, budget, and fees. Further changes are being proposed to remove reference to Procedural Rule §22.252 which is being repealed in Project Number 42227. This rule is a competition rule subject to judicial review as specified in PURA §39.001(e).
Staff Assigned
Daryl Tietjen512-936-7436
Slade Cutter512-936-7437
Maria Faconti512-936-7235
The adopted rule will be published on July 11, 2014 and effective on July 15, 2014
Order Adopting Amendment To §25.363 as Approved at the June 20, 2014 Open Meeting | MSWord (.doc)
Proposal for Publication of Amendments to §25.363 as Approved at the March 27, 2014 Open Meeting | MSWord (.doc)
The PUC makes extensive use of Adobe's Acrobat PDF format
Download a free copy of the Acrobat Reader here.
© 2013
Public Utility Commission of Texas 1701 N. Congress Ave., PO Box 13326, Austin, TX 78711-3326
General Information: 512-936-7000 Email: email@example.com


text:
Prompt, secure access to full statements:
Plan a virtual visit with a provider through your PC or mobile device:
Securely connects you to portions of your medical record:
Online second opinions from top specialists:
Securely request a copy of your Images Studies from our Images Library:
Physician-to-physician medical record access:
Medical record system for physicians in private practice:
Find phone numbers and email addresses for Cleveland Clinic Online Services:
Enter the first letters of a doctor's last name.
Use filters to find the right specialist.
Use filters to find a doctor in a particular department.
Use filters to find any doctor at a particular facility.
Use filters to find a family doctor, internist or pediatrician.
Use filters to find a primary care pediatrician or pediatric specialist.
Print a directory listing of all physicians for each institute.
Malignant bone tumors are much less common than benign tumors. They are also much more dangerous. The term "malignant" indicates that there is moderate to high probability that the tumor will spread beyond the site where it initially develops. These cells can travel through the blood stream or through lymph vessels. The most common site where malignant bone tumors spread is the lungs. There are approximately 5,000 to 6,000 new malignant bone tumors each year in the United States.
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of cancer that originates in the bone. Although it most often occurs in those between ages 10 and 30, about 10% of cases develop in people in their 60s and 70s from secondary bone abnormalities. These tumors develop most often in the bones of the arms, legs, and pelvis and are more common among men than women.
This is a cancer of the cartilage cells, and is the second most common form of malignant bone tumor. It is uncommon in people younger than 20 and those older than 75. Although the cancer usually occurs in the bones of the arms, legs, and pelvis, the ribs and some other bones are occasionally affected. Although this cancer usually develops from normal cartilage, it may also form within prior benign tumors of cartilage and bone called osteochondromas.
This cancer most often arises in the middle portion of the long bones of the legs and arms but also may develop in the pelvis and other bones. Ewing's Sarcomas form in the cavity of the bone. This cancer usually appears in children and adolescents and is uncommon among adults older than 30.
Fortunately, in over 90% of patients in whom a malignant tumor is discovered there is no visible evidence that the tumor has spread. Furthermore, in the past 15 years, dramatic improvements have been made in the cancer treatment of malignant bone tumors. In the case of the most common malignant bone tumor, high grade osteosarcoma, these improvements have resulted in a five- to ten-fold increase in the likelihood of cure (now approaching 80%). In addition, the combination of improved techniques for surgical removal of these tumors and improved methods for functional reconstruction now allows 90-95% of patients with these aggressive tumors to be treated without the need for amputation.
Symptoms of malignant bone tumors include:
Optimal cancer treatment demands the combined skills of an exceptional surgeon, pathologist, radiologist, radiotherapist, medical oncologist, and sometimes a plastic surgeon. However, the choice of cancer treatment depends upon the location, size, and stage of cancer, the patient's age and general health, and how the tumor responds to treatment.
Non-surgical cancer treatments for malignant bone tumors include the following:
The goal of surgery is to remove the cancer and some of the tissue around it. It may also be used to remove any tumor that is left after chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Many tumors that originate in an organ, such as breast, prostate, colon, liver, kidney, lung, thyroid gland, ovary, or skin can spread to bone. Breast cancer and prostate cancer are the most common tumors to spread to bone. Other tumors may arise directly in the bone marrow and cause similar problems, such as myeloma or lymphoma.
A tumor can cause bone to be destroyed and weakened to the extent that it breaks. Fractures can occur even while doing something as simple as getting out of a chair or rolling over in bed. This can be a serious problem, resulting in pain, loss of blood, and loss of mobility. Urgent surgery is often necessary. Therefore, it is very important to try to prevent these fractures. The major symptom is bone pain especially with mechanical stress, such as walking of lifting.
Patients with known cancers that can spread to the bone may be screened using X-rays or bone scans to identify any areas where fracture might occur. These areas are then closely observed for signs of breakage.
About 75% of patients who have a "pathologic fracture" (i.e. a fracture which resulted from a weakness in bone caused by a disease), recognize that they had increased pain (above and beyond their existing deep, boring pain) at the site of the fracture for one to a few days prior to the fracture. Therefore, individuals who have a known tumor that might spread to the bone are strongly encouraged to contact their physician for any new pain that seems to increase over more than two to three days. Patients with metastatic tumors from breast cancer, renal cancer, and lung cancer are particularly prone to pathologic fractures, since these tumors tend to cause the most bone destruction. Breast cancer alone accounts for about 60% of all pathologic fractures.
When there is pain, but the amount of bone destruction is not severe enough to make a fracture inevitable, your doctor may prescribe radiation therapy to control the tumor. This is usually done over a period of several sessions. The dose and technique depend strongly on the type of tumor and the location. Some metastatic tumors are very sensitive to radiation. Others are less sensitive.
It is almost always necessary to protect the weakened area of bone from stress for a period of six to 12 weeks around the time of radiation. If radiation is effective, the tumor cells die. This results temporarily in increased weakness at the site of the tumor until the dead tumor tissue is replaced with healing bone or scar tissue, which reduce the chance of fracture. This protection can involve the use of a sling or protective brace for an arm. If the area is in the leg, use of crutches, a walker, or even a wheelchair may be necessary.
One of the most effective means of reducing the risk of fractures and pain related to bone metastasis is the use of bisphosphonate inhibitors of bone resorption. Medications such as Palmidronate (Aredia) and Etidronate (Zometa) have been shown to significantly reduce the risks of bone complications resulting from metastasis, particularly in breast cancer and myeloma, by inhibiting the bone destruction caused by the tumor. These medications are appropriately prescribed by medical oncologists as part of an overall treatment plan.
The most dangerous areas for fracture are regions where more than half of the bone has been lost. Most often, these sites require surgery to remove the tumor or support the area, or a fracture will occur. Though most patients would like to avoid surgery, it is far safer and more comfortable for the individual to have an elective procedure to prevent a fracture than to be forced to have urgent surgery following a fracture that may occur by surprise. The ability to preserve function is more likely if treatment is initiated before a fracture.
Surgery is performed with the goal of returning the individual to a state of comfort and mobility as soon as possible. Though few individuals who present with a bone metastasis or a fracture through a bone metastasis can be cured from their tumor, the vast majority return to productive life for an extended period of time. Over half of all individuals presenting with a pathologic fracture continue to live with their cancer for more than two years, and sometimes more than 12 years. As a result, surgical reconstruction in this setting needs to be planned to provide long-term function and stability as well as long-term control of tumor cells at the site being treated.
Cleveland Clinic © 1995-2014. All Rights Reserved. 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 | 800.223.2273 | TTY 216.444.0261


text:
FAQ: Making Sense of Health Care Reform
WebMD helps readers understand the basics of the health care reform proposals and bills being discussed by lawmakers.
Web-based services, retail clinics and more.
Are you making any of these common errors?
Lisa ZamoskyFollow
©2005-2015 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.
WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information.


text:
Kavanaugh's Sylvan Lake Resort
1685 Kavanaugh Drive
Brainerd Minnesota 56401United States
(800) 562-7061
(218) 829-5226
Editor's Review
From townhouses to craftsman-style cottages, you'll find a place for your family to land between activities on your next vacation.
This lodge's pool and recreation complex, bike and boat rentals, and tennis courts and basketball courts offer plenty of vacation entertainment on this extensive property. Suites, cottages and condos. One-bedroom suites start at $105. No restaurant.


text:
10 Simple Steal-Worthy Ideas For Your NurseryCasi Densmore-Koon
Looking to spruce up the nursery? Maybe you are looking to re-vamp, are adding another little one to the mix, or you just need a change. Whatever the reason may be, take a look at some of my favorite easy and simple ways to decorate. My favorite things consist of budget-friendly ideas (because I have 5 littles) or DIY projects I can do at home. It's easy to find things around your own home to give new life to in another room! Or make the most of that small blank wall. You will be surprised to find that the smallest details or little touches make the biggest impact in the nursery. Simple design elements can really make any room pop!
Decorate the Mirror 1 of 10Place a banner personalized with your little ones name or an adorable bunting shown off to dress-up your mirror and add a little detail to the space.
Image via Project Nursery
Exposed Closet 2 of 10In my own home I created an exposed closet on the smallest wall. I used a bookshelf from IKEA as a bench so that it could be used for not just storage but a place to sit too! I used a curtain rod to hang pretty dresses and little touches like graphic prints above, pretty shoe boxes below and Annette Tatum pillows.
Image via cupcakeMAG Littles
Stuffed Animal Storage 3 of 10As you probably already know, you will soon have tons of "lovies". Get crafty by creating the perfect door storage so you can display them!
Image via Small Shop Studio
Holiday Lights 4 of 10Don't put those holiday strand of lights away just yet. Hang them in the nursery! They make a pretty nightlight.
Image via House of Philia
Wallpaper 5 of 10Dress up one wall with temporary {yes, peel and stick!} wallpaper that is super-easy to use. Create a focal point by hanging your favorite pretties or unique finds on the wall to make it stand out in the space. It's an easy way to create a pretty focal point in the room.
Image via On to Baby
Decorate with Maps 6 of 10For those on a budget, this is such a great way to decorate the nursery or create wall art. It's so simple too! Just grab a few maps {which you can find online super-inexpensive} and frame them!
Image via Small Shop Studio
Pops of Color 7 of 10While you may want to focus on one color over all - create splashes of color throughout the room to make it really pop. Displaying wall art in similar colors look pretty with the polka dot wall!
Image via Oh Joy!
Hang Curtains High 8 of 10Hang those curtains way above the window! This makes your space look larger than it really is and it's such an easy, no cost way to make a big difference in any room.
Image via Design Crisis
DIY Storage 9 of 10Create a pegboard that you can customize above the changing table. Add wire baskets to store diapers! How cute?
Image via White and Gold Design
Mix and Match, It's Okay 10 of 10You don't need an overall theme. {Think: Disney Character Crib in A Bag type theme} It is okay to mix and match all of your favorite things into one space to create an ecletic and happy space. Choosing something different like a zebra rug was a great idea! After all, babies love looking at black and white!
Image via Design Crisis
Read more from Casi & the cupcake team on cupcakeMAG + cupcakeMAG Littles. Check out Casi's lifestyle blog where she gives readers a glimpse into her personal life + behind the scenes of all the chaos, cupcake + co. For more updates, follow Casi on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Pinterest!
See all of Casi's Babble post here, check her out on Spearmint Baby and find her on The Party Dress. Want more? Get to know 25 things about Casi.
- 10 Stylish Planners for 2013
- Grayson is 3 Months! 14 Favorite Photos This Month
- 2012 via Instagram: A Year in Review (Photos)
- All the Glitters: 8 Sparkly Headbands
- New Years Eve Plans? Wearing Sequin Heels and Dancing in My Living Room
- 6 Reasons I Am Grateful For 2012
- A Look Back at 2012: My Favorite Ramblings on Babble
- 10 Nurseries You Can't Wait To Pin
- Grayson is Two Months Old!
- Facing Reality, Finding Faith and Being Thankful for the Little Things
- 3 Must-Read Tips for Working at Home Mompreneurs


text:
Major Airports near Guanacaste
|We're sorry, we do not show any major airports within close proximity to this city.
Other Smaller Airports near Guanacaste
|Distance (mi.)
|San Jose Juan Santamaria International Airport
|Managua International Airport
|Palmar Sur Airport
Map of Airports in Guanacaste
- Guanacaste, Costa Rica Hotel Prices Made Easy
Orbitz.com - Just Orbitz and go!
- Hotel Deals in Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Expedia.com - Don't just travel. Travel right!
- Book Now with Cheap Tickets and Save on Guanacaste, Costa Rica Hotels!
CheapTickets.com - Just click. You're there.
- Find the best rates for hotels in Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Kayak.com - Life's a trip.
Hotels Near Guanacaste
BEST WESTERN Las Espuelas Hotel, Bar & Restaurant - Hotel
2Km S. Of Liberia On Int'l Highway
Liberia, Costa Rica
Distance: 13.8 mi.
(from destination center)
Hotel Class:
Liberia, Costa Rica
Distance: 13.8 mi.
(from destination center)
Hotel Class:


text:
- 800.878.7323
List price:
Used Trade Paper
Ships in 1 to 3 days
More copies of this ISBN
This title in other editions
Waiting: The True Confessions of a Waitressby Debra Ginsberg
Synopses & Reviews
Publisher Comments:
Chapter OneThe Luncheonette
It's a very slow Friday night. I've had precious few tables and the evening promises to be a bit of a wash. I check my watch for the tenth time. Only eight-thirty. Although the night drags interminably, I know better than to ask my manager to let me go home.
You don't know, he'll say, it could get busy. This is Friday night.
I'll have the cabernet, she says.
No, you don't want that, he says.
Yes, she repeats firmly, I do.
You want the Chianti, he says, it's very good here.
I don't want the Chianti. You can have the Chianti.
We'll have two cabernets, he says to me, smiling. He acts like he's trying to pacify her, and she looks pissed off already. Somehow, it's going to end up being my fault.
By the time I return with the wine, they're all geared up for a fight.
I want the special linguini with extra mussels, she says.
Instead of the shrimp? I ask.
No, I want the shrimp. But I also want extra mussels. Can you do that for me? I don't care, I'll pay extra. Whatever it costs. She's giving me asteely-eyed stare, just daring me to say no or even waver in my response.
No problem, I tell her pointedly. Would you care for a salad or appetizer?
I don't eat salad, she says. Just the mussels. You're going to bring me the extra mussels, right?
Extra mussels, I repeat, no problem. To convince her, I pull out my order pad and make a note. What a bitch, I write and smile at her. I turn my attention to her date. And for you, sir?
Let me tell you what I want, he says unctuously. This is a phrase that flags trouble as surely as a red cape in front of a bull. It means he's not even going to look at the menu and the dozens of entrees listed there. No, he's got something in his mind and he means for me to get it for him, whatever it is. Especially if it's not on the menu and we don't have it. Whether this is to impress his date, generally act like a big shot, or just to be a pest, I can't tell. He is, however, offering a challenge and setting up a dynamic between the three of us that will last for the duration of his meal. The game has begun and we're off and running.
I want a shrimp scampi. You got anything like that?
You mean the large prawns?
Garlic and butter?
No, I tell him, we don't have that. We only have the small shrimp. Sorry. I've picked up the gauntlet. Why should I make this easy? He's certainly not going to.
Tell the chef to make something for me, then. Something like a shrimp scampi.
Well, we really don'thave any--
Just tell him. He smiles again and this time the smile says, If you don't do what I say, I'm going to call the manager over and make a really big scene.
Just a second, I tell them, I'll be right back.
I need you, I whisper to him.
Oh really? hesays, raising his eyebrows suggestively.
Yes, really.
As soon as the sea bass has been sufficiently ripped to flaky shreds, the chef follows me to the table. My couple seems quite surprised to see him there.
I've brought the chef out personally to speak to you, I tell them.
Oh, this is wonderful, Mr. Gold Chains says. The chef is totally ingratiating, although I can tell he is barely containing his inherently sarcastic streak.
I just want some...
"The debut of a new and compelling writer is always a cause for celebration. Debra Ginsberg culls from a lifetime of waiting a humor, insight, and compassion that places her in the tradition of fine old tale-spinners. We have here, perhaps for the first time in literature, a true portrait of the demanding art of waiting on tables, from which Ginsberg has fashioned a wise, page-turning commentary on the human condition." Kim Chernin, author of In My Mother's House
"Every time I go to a restaurant now, I think of what must be happening behind the scenes. Ginsberg's stories really stay with you. A great read from start to finish." Janet Fitch, author of White Oleander
"Debra Ginsberg's great gift is the quiet way she's able to point up the truths that reside in the innocent setting of the restaurant, in the harmless summer job that becomes the lifelong career, in the transitory exchanges that oftentimes have lasting effects, and in the character that develops while pursuing the philosophically complex occupation of waiting. This book reminds the reader that the waitress taking your order is also, maybe, noting much more with her pen. This is a strong debut." Antonya Nelson, author of Nobody's Girl
"Debra Ginsberg's Waiting touched me, made me laugh, made me hunger so to speak to know more and more about the ups and downs of her life. It's a life of cups and saucers, shouting diners and lunatic restaurant owners, the tug and pull of single motherhood, romantic hopes dashed and rebuilt and finally, the many, many beautiful notes of epiphany she so wonderfully renders." Lisa Schiffman, author of Generation J
A veteran waitress dishes up a spicy and robust account of life as it really exists behind kitchen doors.
Part memoir, part social commentary, part guide to how to behave when dining out, Debra Ginsberg's book takes readers on her twentyyear journey as a waitress at a soap-operatic Italian restaurant, an exclusive five-star dining club, the dingiest of diners, and more. While chronicling her evolution as a writer, Ginsberg takes a behind-the-scenes look at restaurant life-revealing that yes, when pushed, a server will spit in food, and, no, that's not really decaf you're getting-and how most people in this business are in a constant state of waiting to do something else.
Part memoir, part social commentary, part guide to how to behave when dining out, this book--now in paperback--takes readers on an intimate journey through Ginsberg's two decades of waitressing. Includes a new Epilogue.
About the Author
Debra Ginsberg was born in England and grew up in New York, California, and Oregon. She waited tables for twenty years to support her other career as a freelance writer and editor.A graduate of Reed College and a regular contributor to the San Diego Union-Tribune books section, she lives in San Diego with her son.
What Our Readers Are Saying
Be the first to add a comment for a chance to win!
Product Details
Other books you might like
Related Subjects
Arts and Entertainment » Humor » General


text:
Reptiles: The Beautiful and the Deadly is now open!
Tarantulas: Alive and Up Close Opens January 30
1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway
Philadelphia, PA 19103
Directions & Parking
Regular Hours:
10 am–4:30 pm, Monday–Friday
10 am–5 pm, Weekends and Holidays
Save $1 when you purchase tickets online.
Behind The Scenes
A member describes Members Night 2014.
The Clergy and the Academy's Collections
This special exhibit coincides with the pope's visit to Philly.
Invasion of the Knotweed
This invasive species wreaks havoc in the Delaware.
Birds, BEES, and Bloodsuckers
Meet our new ornithologist: a five-part series.
Read more stories on the Academy blog.
Become a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University and get insider access to our scientists, collections, exhibits, and more.
©2015 The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University | 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103
Phone: (215) 299-1000
Reptiles: The Beautiful and the Deadly
September 30, 2015–January 10, 2016
Explore Sustainability at the Academy
Members' Night at the Academy


text: http://i486.net – NEWS Product Description The Most Complete, Easy-to-follow guide to Ubuntu Linux Mark Sobell NEWS A Practical Guide to Ubuntu Linux ®, Second Edition, is not only the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference to installing, configuring and working with Ubuntu. It also provides complete coverage of the server you will not find in any other Ubuntu book. The sections fully updated JumpStart help you obtain the complex servers running quickly. Whatever your question may be,. . . More info>> A Practical Guide to Ubuntu Linux (General)


text:
I need help correcting this "Online mods" script. I've been searching around with no luck, and I haven't found one yet. Here's my script so far;
I've started it back up and I think I'm doing a lot better now with Staff Bot Development. This snippet will allow you to download Staff Bot directly from mIRC. Simply load this into your remotes and type /downloadsbot
Hello! I have created this script in 2013 but updated yesterday with minor bug fixes.
This is an implementation of Windows Metro Floating Label Textbox for Javascript
m00.dll -> m00.mrc This is a very descriptive and extensive version of m00.dll in .mrc form. Parses specified system information.
Sends the OnLine Users On mIRC Forum! Not so needy script :P but i have to kill time somehow, and thought someone might need it.. although it's easy to make!
With the use of Spotify API this script sends info about the Track, Artist or album Spotify URL to the chan it was detected on!
Hello everyone. I am in need of help for a Time advertise script. So lets say I have a Show that starts at four o'clock. I need help with a script that can do that. Please help me.
Over the course of the next weeks I plan to release scripts that normalize Twitch's psuedo IRC interface into something far more manageable from within mIRC.
You'll need to get the two icons from here:https://www.dropbox.com/s/fbrqlwr5q1pddjj/tictactoeO.ico?dl=0https://www.dropbox.com/s/ed1qd9s02ea9k4z/tictactoeX.ico?dl=0 It is played through a dialog! And sends info with notice!
Before you go ahead and start reading this and trying to put this on your IRC bot, you should know that this requires a DLL and may require IRCop permissions on your server if the server you are going to play on has excess flood limitations. This is a very spammy game and was made purely as a test to see how long it would take to make in mSL.
So i wrote a small little snippet so that when someone quits, your client will msg your active window with R.I.P and the name of the nick that quit. So it should look like this: [18:30] * Geomat (~firstname.lastname@example.com) Quit (Ping timeout: 181 seconds) [18:30] R.I.P Geomat Enjoy.
This is my mp3 player , it is written completely in DCX and use an hashtable for playlist either to go forward is to go back. The main timer use a edit control with a trasparent for antifocus.
I'm posting this blindly without a care in the world if it already exists, Creating bots that store dynamic data such as channel topics, parts of topics such as dividers and such are a pain in the backside when it comes to storing variables within mIRC.
I need help with my irc script, I can get everything to work, but the text !del and !listreset does not work. I've spent countless hours trying to fix it thinking its an error on my part like a missed bracket etc with no luck.
Hey people! i came across this page acronymfinder.com while translating a text and the idea hit me! I had to make this an mIRC Script! So here it is..!