text:
|Accession Numbers: EG11022 (EcoCyc), b3965, ECK3957
Synonyms: rT
trmA encodes the methyltransferase that is responsible for methylation of U54 in all tRNAs. The enzyme is present in both a free form and strongly bound to tRNA and 16S rRNA in vivo, but is not associated with the ribosome [Gustafsson93].
The catalytic mechanism involves formation of a covalent complex between the catalytic Cys324 residue of the enzyme and tRNA [Santi87, Kealey91]. Random and site-directed mutagenesis of conserved residues allowed identification of residues involved in formation of the TrmA-tRNA intermediate and enzymatic activity [Urbonavicius07].
The trmA5 point mutant that lacks all m5U modification of tRNA has essentially no detectable phenotype, although it is outcompeted by wild type in mixed populations [Bjork75]. Introduction of the trmA5 to a double truB trmH mutant, resulting in lack of m5U54, ψ55, and Gm18 modifications to tRNA, only slightly worsens the growth rate defect of the truB trmH mutant [Urbonavicius02]. There are conflicting results concerning the essential nature of trmA: An earlier report suggested that the trmA gene is essential for viability, implying a second, vital function in addition to m5U modification of tRNA [Persson92], but trmA deletion strains were later obtained [Baba06].
Expression of trmA is growth rate-dependent [Gustafsson91].
TrmA: "transfer RNA methylation" [Bjork70]
Locations: cytosol
|Map Position: [4,160,193 <- 4,161,293] (89.67 centisomes, 323°)
|Length: 1101 bp / 366 aa
Molecular Weight of Polypeptide: 41.967 kD (from nucleotide sequence), 42 kD (experimental) [Ny80 ]
pI: 4.7 [Ny88]
Unification Links: ASAP:ABE-0012983 , CGSC:79 , DIP:DIP-11031N , EchoBASE:EB1015 , EcoGene:EG11022 , EcoliWiki:b3965 , Mint:MINT-1223595 , ModBase:P23003 , OU-Microarray:b3965 , PortEco:trmA , Pride:P23003 , Protein Model Portal:P23003 , RefSeq:NP_418400 , RegulonDB:EG11022 , SMR:P23003 , String:511145.b3965 , UniProt:P23003
Relationship Links: InterPro:IN-FAMILY:IPR010280 , InterPro:IN-FAMILY:IPR011869 , InterPro:IN-FAMILY:IPR029063 , InterPro:IN-FAMILY:IPR030390 , InterPro:IN-FAMILY:IPR030391 , PDB:Structure:3BT7 , Pfam:IN-FAMILY:PF05958 , Prosite:IN-FAMILY:PS01230 , Prosite:IN-FAMILY:PS01231 , Prosite:IN-FAMILY:PS51687
In Paralogous Gene Group: 217 (3 members)
GO Terms:
|Biological Process:
|GO:0030488 - tRNA methylation
[GOA06, Bjork75]
GO:0006396 - RNA processing [GOA01a]
GO:0008033 - tRNA processing [UniProtGOA11a]
GO:0032259 - methylation [UniProtGOA11a]
|Molecular Function:
|GO:0000049 - tRNA binding
GO:0019843 - rRNA binding [Gustafsson93]
GO:0030697 - S-adenosylmethionine-dependent tRNA (m5U54) methyltransferase activity [GOA06, GOA01, GOA01a, Greenberg80]
GO:0008168 - methyltransferase activity [UniProtGOA11a]
GO:0008173 - RNA methyltransferase activity [GOA01a]
GO:0016740 - transferase activity [UniProtGOA11a]
|Cellular Component:
|GO:0005829 - cytosol
[DiazMejia09, Ishihama08, LopezCampistrou05]
GO:0005737 - cytoplasm
|MultiFun Terms:
|information transfer → RNA related → RNA modification
Essentiality data for trmA knockouts:
|Growth Medium
|Growth Observations
|LB enriched
|Yes [Gerdes03, Comment 1]
Last-Curated 03-May-2007 by Keseler I , SRI International
Enzymatic reaction of: tRNA(m5U54)methyltransferase (tRNA m5U54 methyltransferase)
Synonyms: tRNA (5-methyluridine)-methyltransferase, RUMT, tRNA (uracil-5-)-methyltransferase
EC Number: 126.96.36.199
a uracil54 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> a 5-methyluracil54 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+
The reaction direction shown, that is, A + B ↔ C + D versus C + D ↔ A + B, is in accordance with the direction in which it was curated.
The reaction is physiologically favored in the direction shown.
Activators (Unknown Mechanism): Mg2+ [Ny88]
Kinetic Parameters:
pH(opt): 8.4 [Greenberg80]
|Feature Class
|Common Name
|catalytic nucleophile
Gene Local Context (not to scale):
Transcription Unit:
10/20/97 Gene b3965 from Blattner lab Genbank (v. M52) entry merged into EcoCyc gene EG11022; confirmed by SwissProt match.
Alian08: Alian A, Lee TT, Griner SL, Stroud RM, Finer-Moore J (2008). "Structure of a TrmA-RNA complex: A consensus RNA fold contributes to substrate selectivity and catalysis in m5U methyltransferases." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105(19);6876-81. PMID: 18451029
Baba06: Baba T, Ara T, Hasegawa M, Takai Y, Okumura Y, Baba M, Datsenko KA, Tomita M, Wanner BL, Mori H (2006). "Construction of Escherichia coli K-12 in-frame, single-gene knockout mutants: the Keio collection." Mol Syst Biol 2;2006.0008. PMID: 16738554
Bjork70: Bjork GR, Isaksson LA (1970). "Isolation of mutants of Escherichia coli lac king 5-methyluracil in transfer ribonucleic acid or 1-methylguanine in ribosomal RNA." J Mol Biol 51(1);83-100. PMID: 4921251
Bjork75: Bjork GR, Neidhardt FC (1975). "Physiological and biochemical studies on the function of 5-methyluridine in the transfer ribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli." J Bacteriol 124(1);99-111. PMID: 1100618
DiazMejia09: Diaz-Mejia JJ, Babu M, Emili A (2009). "Computational and experimental approaches to chart the Escherichia coli cell-envelope-associated proteome and interactome." FEMS Microbiol Rev 33(1);66-97. PMID: 19054114
Gerdes03: Gerdes SY, Scholle MD, Campbell JW, Balazsi G, Ravasz E, Daugherty MD, Somera AL, Kyrpides NC, Anderson I, Gelfand MS, Bhattacharya A, Kapatral V, D'Souza M, Baev MV, Grechkin Y, Mseeh F, Fonstein MY, Overbeek R, Barabasi AL, Oltvai ZN, Osterman AL (2003). "Experimental determination and system level analysis of essential genes in Escherichia coli MG1655." J Bacteriol 185(19);5673-84. PMID: 13129938
GOA01: GOA, MGI (2001). "Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping." Genomics 74;121-128.
GOA01a: GOA, DDB, FB, MGI, ZFIN (2001). "Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms."
GOA06: GOA, SIB (2006). "Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins."
Greenberg80: Greenberg R, Dudock B (1980). "Isolation and chracterization of m5U-methyltransferase from Escherichia coli." J Biol Chem 255(17);8296-302. PMID: 6997293
Gu90: Gu XR, Santi DV (1990). "High-level expression of Escherichia coli tRNA (m5U54)-methyltransferase." DNA Cell Biol 9(4);273-8. PMID: 2190591
Gustafsson91: Gustafsson C, Lindstrom PH, Hagervall TG, Esberg KB, Bjork GR (1991). "The trmA promoter has regulatory features and sequence elements in common with the rRNA P1 promoter family of Escherichia coli." J Bacteriol 173(5);1757-64. PMID: 1999392
Gustafsson93: Gustafsson C, Bjork GR (1993). "The tRNA-(m5U54)-methyltransferase of Escherichia coli is present in two forms in vivo, one of which is present as bound to tRNA and to a 3'-end fragment of 16 S rRNA." J Biol Chem 268(2);1326-31. PMID: 8419334
Ishihama08: Ishihama Y, Schmidt T, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Hartl FU, Kerner MJ, Frishman D (2008). "Protein abundance profiling of the Escherichia coli cytosol." BMC Genomics 9;102. PMID: 18304323
Kealey91: Kealey JT, Santi DV (1991). "Identification of the catalytic nucleophile of tRNA (m5U54)methyltransferase." Biochemistry 30(40);9724-8. PMID: 1911760
Kealey94: Kealey JT, Santi DV (1994). "High-level expression and rapid purification of tRNA (m5U54)-methyltransferase." Protein Expr Purif 5(2);149-52. PMID: 8054847
LopezCampistrou05: Lopez-Campistrous A, Semchuk P, Burke L, Palmer-Stone T, Brokx SJ, Broderick G, Bottorff D, Bolch S, Weiner JH, Ellison MJ (2005). "Localization, annotation, and comparison of the Escherichia coli K-12 proteome under two states of growth." Mol Cell Proteomics 4(8);1205-9. PMID: 15911532
Ny80: Ny T, Bjork GR (1980). "Cloning and restriction mapping of the trmA gene coding for transfer ribonucleic acid (5-methyluridine)-methyltransferase in Escherichia coli K-12." J Bacteriol 142(2);371-9. PMID: 6247318
Ny88: Ny T, Lindstrom HR, Hagervall TG, Bjork GR (1988). "Purification of transfer RNA (m5U54)-methyltransferase from Escherichia coli. Association with RNA." Eur J Biochem 177(3);467-75. PMID: 2461858
Persson92: Persson BC, Gustafsson C, Berg DE, Bjork GR (1992). "The gene for a tRNA modifying enzyme, m5U54-methyltransferase, is essential for viability in Escherichia coli." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89(9);3995-8. PMID: 1373891
Santi87: Santi DV, Hardy LW (1987). "Catalytic mechanism and inhibition of tRNA (uracil-5-)methyltransferase: evidence for covalent catalysis." Biochemistry 26(26);8599-606. PMID: 3327525
UniProt10: UniProt Consortium (2010). "UniProt version 2010-07 released on 2010-06-15 00:00:00." Database.
UniProt14: UniProt Consortium (2014). "UniProt version 2014-01 released on 2014-01-01 00:00:00." Database.
UniProt15: UniProt Consortium (2015). "UniProt version 2015-01 released on 2015-01-16 00:00:00." Database.
UniProtGOA11a: UniProt-GOA (2011). "Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries."
Urbonavicius02: Urbonavicius J, Durand JM, Bjork GR (2002). "Three modifications in the D and T arms of tRNA influence translation in Escherichia coli and expression of virulence genes in Shigella flexneri." J Bacteriol 184(19);5348-57. PMID: 12218021
Urbonavicius07: Urbonavicius J, Jager G, Bjork GR (2007). "Amino acid residues of the Escherichia coli tRNA(m5U54)methyltransferase (TrmA) critical for stability, covalent binding of tRNA and enzymatic activity." Nucleic Acids Res 35(10):3297-305. PMID: 17459887
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Mailing AddressInstitute of Biosciences and Bioengineering, MS-144Rice UniversityP.O. Box 1892Houston, Texas 77251-1892Physical AddressInstitute of Biosciences and Bioengineering, MS-144Suite 170 BioScience Research Collaborative (BRC)Rice UniversityHouston, Texas 77005-1827Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Med Into Grad is a Ph.D. training program in Translational Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research for Bioengineers and Biophysicists that integrates cancer biology, clinical medicine, translational research, and bioengineering.
As partners, Rice University and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have developed a unique training program for bioengineering graduate students that integrates:
The newest HHMI MIG Fellows were welcomed to the BioScience Research Collaborative on June 10th, 2014. Read more »
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Jack Valenti
Jack Valenti, who became a confidant of President Lyndon B. Johnson and then a Hollywood institution, leading the Motion Picture Association of America and conceiving of a voluntary film-rating system that gave new meaning to letters like G, R and X, died on April 26 in his home in Washington. He was 85.
A Casting Call for Hollywood's Chief Lobbyist
Hollywood has been searching for almost a year for a new chairman for the Motion Picture Association of America.
November 28, 2010, Sunday
Bob Kerrey in Talks to Become Hollywood's Top Lobbyist
Bob Kerrey, who has said he will step down as president of the New School University, is in negotiations to become Hollywood's top lobbyist.
May 21, 2010, Friday
Stop the Presses! Harvey Weinstein Courts Controversy to Promote a Movie!
Harvey Weinstein courts controversy yet again to promote one of his coming movies.
April 24, 2010, Saturday
Hollywood's Jack Valenti, Through a Daughter's Eyes
The daughter of the legendary chief of the Motion Picture Association of America delivered a eulogy for her father that took shots at his colleagues, the news media and the Bush administration.
July 23, 2007, Monday
Walking With Presidents and (Hollywood's) Kings
Jack Valenti, who died on April 26, was a warrior, and he knew how to win. He just looked harmless.
June 26, 2007, Tuesday
The President's Man
A memoir by Jack Valenti, a Lyndon Johnson aide who became a Hollywood power.
June 24, 2007, Sunday
Jack Valenti's Memoir Suffers Without a Key Salesman
Jack Valenti's death before the release of his new memoir has created a marketing problem that would have challenged even the presidential confidant and Hollywood spokesman himself.
June 7, 2007, Thursday
Paid Notice: Deaths VALENTI, JACK
VALENTI--Jack. The Board and staff of Save the Children mourn the passing of our wonderful friend, supporter and board member, Jack Valenti. Known to most for his 38 years as visionary CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America, and as press...
April 29, 2007, Sunday
Paid Notice: Deaths VALENTI, JACK
VALENTI--Jack. The Board of Trustees and staff of the Aspen Institute mourn the loss of our friend and valued Board member Jack Valenti. Mr. Valenti joined the Aspen Institute Board in 2002, working on program and marketing strategies. He was...
April 28, 2007, Saturday
The Ratings System, Built to Endure
Many filmmakers have been frustrated, flummoxed or downright infuriated by what may turn out to be Jack Valenti's most enduring legacy, the film rating system.
April 28, 2007, Saturday
Jack Valenti
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Pacific Islander
Pacific Islander is a term used to refer to the people of the Pacific Islands.
Pacific Islander regions[edit]
According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, the Pacific Islander three regions, together with their islands, consist of:
The islands scattered across a triangle covering the east-central region of the Pacific Ocean. The triangle is bound by the Hawaiian islands in the north, New Zealand in the west, and Easter Island in the east. The rest of Polynesia comprises Samoan islands (American Samoa and Samoa), the Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti and The Society Islands, Marquesas Islands, Austral Islands, and the Tuamotu Archipelago), Niue Island, Tokelau and Tuvalu, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna, and Pitcairn Island.
The island of New Guinea, the Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, the Admiralty Islands, Bougainville Island, Maluku Islands, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, the Santa Cruz Islands (part of the Solomon Islands), New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands, Vanuatu (formerly New Hebrides), Fiji, Norfolk Island, and various smaller islands.
The islands of Kiribati, Nauru, the Marianas (Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Palau, and the Federated States of Micronesia (Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae, all in the Caroline Islands).
The Pacific Islands may also refer to any of the other islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Ethnolinguistically, those Pacific Islanders who reside in Oceania are divided into two different ethnic classifications.
- Austronesian languages peoples
- Austronesian peoples who speak the Oceanian languages, numbering about 2.3 million, who occupy Polynesia, Micronesia, and most of the smaller islands of Melanesia.
- Papuan languages peoples
- Papuan peoples, those who speak the Papuan languages, who number about 7 million, and reside on the island of New Guinea and a few of the smaller islands of Melanesia located off the northeast coast of New Guinea.[1]
Usage of phrase by country[edit]
In Australia the term South Sea Islander was used in the past to describe Australian descendants of people from the more than 80 islands in the Western Pacific.[2] In 1901 legislation was enacted to restrict entry of Pacific Islanders to Australia and to facilitate their deportation: Pacific Island Labourers Act 1901. In the legislation Pacific Islanders were defined as:
"Pacific Island Labourer" includes all natives not of European extraction of any island except the islands of New Zealand situated in the Pacific Ocean beyond the Commonwealth [of Australia] as constituted at the commencement of this Act.[3]
In 2008 a newly announced Pacific Islander guestworker scheme provides visas for workers from Kiribati, Tonga, Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea to work in Australia.[4] The pilot scheme includes one country each from Melanesia (Vanuatu), Polynesia (Tonga) and Micronesia (Kiribati): countries which already send workers to New Zealand under its seasonal labour scheme. Australia's pilot scheme also includes Papua New Guinea.[5][6]
New Zealand[edit]
Local usage in New Zealand uses the term to distinguish those who have emigrated from one of these areas in modern times from the indigenous New Zealand Māori (who are also Polynesian but arrived in New Zealand many centuries earlier), and from other ethnic groups. A stated reason for making the ethnic distinction is that the Pacific peoples suffer from socio-economic disadvantages as a group and benefit from culturally targeted social and health assistance.
Pacific Islanders living in New Zealand make up 6 percent of the national population. 67 percent of the total number of Pacific Islanders in New Zealand, live in the Auckland region making Auckland the largest Polynesian city in the world (Smelt, and Lin, 1998). Statistics currently available in New Zealand project growth in the Pacific Island community is estimated to reach 480,000 in the year 2026. (Statistics New Zealand, n.d.). This number has increased from the estimated 300,000 predicted as a result of the 2006 census.
Smelt, and Lin (1998) identified Pacific Islanders to be the fourth largest ethnic group in New Zealand. This includes the various ethnicities that fall within this realm in regards to their cultural ties with their specific Island of descent. The most recent statistics identified the following as the most accurate configuration of the sub-groups categorized under the Pacific Island classification: Samoans 50%, Cook Islanders 22%, Tongans 15%, Niueans 8%, Fijians 3% and Tokelauans 2%. (Lal, and Fortune, 2000). The smaller Island populations such as Niue and Tokelau, currently have less of their people living in the Islands with the majority of their nationals living in New Zealand (Smelt, and Lin, 1998).
To celebrate the diverse Pacific Island cultures, the Auckland region hosts several Pacific Island festivals. Two of the major ones are Polyfest; which showcases performances of the secondary school cultural groups in the Auckland region, and Pasifika; a festival that celebrates Pacific Island heritage through traditional food, music, dance, and entertainment.
United States[edit]
According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Population Estimates Program (PEP), a "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander" is "a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. It includes people who indicate their race as 'Native Hawaiian', 'Guamanian or Chamorro', 'Samoan', and 'Other Pacific Islander' or provide other detailed Pacific Islander responses.".[7]
According to the Office of Management and Budget, "Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander" refers to a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands
The term Pacific Islands American is used for ethnic Pacific Islander residents in U.S. states, and in the territories of the United States in the region.
List of Pacific peoples[edit]
|This section requires expansion. (August 2008)
- Austronesian-speaking peoples
- Polynesians
- Western Polynesian-Melanesian region
- Northeast & South Polynesian region
- Melanesians
- Micronesians
- Polynesians
See also[edit]
- Asian American and Pacific Islander Policy Research Consortium
- Pacific Islands American
- Indigenous peoples of Oceania
- Indigenous Australians
- Australian Aborigines
- Taiwanese Aborigines
- Tasmanian Aborigines
- Blackbirding
- ^ "Pacific Islands on Encyclopedia Britannica".
- ^ "South Sea Islander Project". ABC Radio Regional Production Fund. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2004. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
Recognition for Australian South Sea Islanders (ASSI) has been a long time coming - it was not until 1994 that the Federal Government recognized them as a distinct ethnic group with their own history and culture and not until September 2000 that the Queensland government made a formal statement of recognition.
- ^ "Pacific Island Labourers Act 1901 (Cth)" (PDF). Documenting a Democracy. National Archives of Australia. 1901. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
- ^ "Pacific guestworker scheme to start this year". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 2008-08-17.
- ^ "Seasonal Worker Pilot Scheme is more proof of Australia's new Pacific focus" (Press release). The Hon Duncan Kerr SC MP; Parliamentary Secretary for Pacific Island Affairs. 2008-08-20.
- ^ Note that Australian classification standards code Pacific Islander, Oceanian, South Sea islander and Australasian all with code 1000 - ie identically. This coding can be broken down into the finer classification of 1100 Australian Peoples ; 1200 New Zealand Peoples ; 1300 Melanesian and Papuan ; 1400 Micronesian ; 1500 Polynesian. Note that there is no specific coding therefore for "Pacific islander". See: "Australian Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups (ASCCEG) - 2nd edition" (pdf - 136 pages). Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2005-07-07. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
- ^ http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/meta/long_RHI525211.htm
- Lal, B., & Fortune, K. (Eds.). (2000). The Pacific Islands: An encyclopedia. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii Press.
- Smelt, R., & Lin, Y. (1998). Cultures of the world: New Zealand. Tarrytown, NY: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark
- Statistics New Zealand . Retrieved March 21, 2013.
- Thomas, Nicholas, Islanders: The Pacific in the Age of Empire, Yale University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-12438-5
External links[edit]


text:
Art Critique
Red Brick Art
Daily Event
Event Details
We are now offering monthly e-mail art critiques.
If you are stuck with your one of your current pieces or have something stuck in the back of the closet that you would like some help with this you might want to join our monthly critique session. Send Jen a picture of your piece in progress and she will help you find the strong points in the work, help you identify what areas need to be added to and help you determine how to finish your piece. These consultations are open to all mediums and all skill levels.
Receive Monthly Consultations (3 emails a month) for only $25 or a single consultation for $15.
You can either send Jen information about what you are trying to do, what problems you are running into or any context you wish to add about what you are working on.
Red Brick Art
New Workshops for adults in Pastels, Mosaics, Watercolors, Acrylics, Clay, PhotoShop, Photography and more weekly.
Red Brick Art is located at 4601 Telephone Rd #112 Ventura CA 93003


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- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
The Massena Central and St. Lawrence Central varsity girls swim teams opened the 2013 NAC season on a winning note.
Massena 58, Gouverneur 33: In Massena, the host Lady Raiders built a 58-10 lead before swimming exhibition through the last three events in pulling away from the Lady Wildcats.
Emily Hurlbut was the lone dual medalist of the meet, pacing the 200 freestyle in 2:17.44 and the 500 freestyle in 6:17.72. Also scoring solo wins for the Lady Raiders were Allison Dix in the 200IM with a time of 2:44.85, Savannah Hays in the 50 freestyle in 29.84 seconds, Kalie Peets in the 100 butterfly with a time of 1:17.45 and Courtnee Stowell in the 100 freestyle with a time of 1:07.62.
Combining to win the 200 medley relay for Massena with a time of 2:18.28 were Peets, Hays, Taylor Brault and Abby Elman. Elman also teamed up with Baylee Carroll, Mackenzie LePage and Kurstin Stowell to lead the 200 freestyle relay in 2:07.24.
Jordon McCloud won the 100 backstroke and Haley Phaneuf paced the 100 breaststroke to highlight the Gouverneur effort.
The Lady Raiders are slated to win in Malone against Franklin Academy next Tuesday.
SLC 99, Potsdam 70: At the Clarkson University pool, the Lady Larries tallied wins in six of the 11 events led by Cammie Ramsdell, who led the 200IM in 2:36 and the 400 freesylte in 5:38.52. Also gaining first-place efforts for SLC were; Hailey Arquiett in the 100 buttefly with a time of 1:31.79 and Alex Craft in the 100 breaststroke with a time of 1:33.32.
The Lady Larries opened the season by capturing the 200 medley relay with the foursome of Craft, Arquiett, Bailee Gauthier and Madee Derouchie combining to post a time of 2:29.47. SLCs other win came in the 200 freestyle relay where Craft and Derouchie teamed up with Delaney Dow and Chelsea Savage for a time of 2:17.3.
Emma Visser anchored the Potsdam scoring with wins in the 200 freestyle (2:43.83) and the 100 freestyle (1:12.98). Logging the other individual firsts for the Lady Sandstoners were Emma Kroll in the 200 freestyle with a time of 3:08.73 and Katherine Blanchard in the 100 backstroke with a time of 1:28.24.
Blanchard, Kroll and Visser also combined with Ariana Frascatore to capture the 400 freestyle relay in 4:53.69.
The Lady Larries are slated to host Canton next Tuesday while Potsdam welcomes Salmon River.
The other NAC openers on Friday saw Franklin Academy outscore Salmon River 62-29 and OFA beat Edwards-Knox 108-45.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
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Follow @mayorNHL
Saturday night, playing in his second game since signing with the Ontario Reign, Kyle Clifford scored his first professional goal outside the NHL. Earlier today we obtained exclusive video of the play and had a chance to speak with Clifford about how it all went down.
"(Kyle) Kraemer was in on the forecheck and caused […]
Exclusive video and comments – Kyle Clifford's first ECHL goal
Follow @mayorNHL
Photo Gallery: Ontario Reign def Bakersfield Condors 5-2
If you know anything about the Ontario Reign, you're probably familiar with the raucous battle they had with the Bakersfield Condors last January. Their fight filled game – including the two goalies going at it – made national headlines.
Sunday's match-up in Ontario was the first time the two teams had met on the ice since that infamous […]


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Italian Cardinal Cheli dead at 94
Catholic World News - February 08, 2013
Cardinal Giovanni Cheli, the former president of the Pontifical Council for Migrants, died on February 7 at the age of 94.
The Italian prelate had worked in the Vatican Secretariat of State and at the Holy See's mission to the UN before being names to head the Pontifical Council for Migrants in 1989. He remained at that post until his retirement in 1998 at the age of 79. He had been the 5th-oldest living member of the College of Cardinals, to which he was elevated by Pope John Paul II in 1998.
Pope Benedict XVI hailed Cardinal Cheli for "the testimony of a life spent in consistent and generous adherence to his vocation as a priest concerned with the needs of the faithful and especially in the Christian formation of young persons." Cardinal Angelo Sodano, the dean of the College of Cardinals, will preside at his funeral on February 9 in St. Peter's basilica.
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You actually made me lol taylor_stone.
>>>KannaLilly"I once typed :imhappyplz: in an MSN conversation by accident.
Oh god XD I thought those things only happened to me!
Not really. There are some pretty good artists there. Unfortunately there's a lot of pr0n passing as art and the admins don't do a thing. Sad.
On the other hand, DA does not depict the real amount of drama and art theft XD
why is the reddit's guy's stuff all backwards?
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Saturday, January 14, 2012
© Copyright 2015 Gwinnett Daily Post
Get your best boxers and prettiest underwear ready -- Cupid's Undie Run is coming to town.
Two years ago, Parkview High School graduates Chad Leathers and Brendan Hanrahan started Cupid's Undie Run in Washington, D.C., a "mile or so" fun run where participants strip down to their skivvies to raise money for The Children's Tumor Foundation.
The Washington Post recently named it the area's top winter event. On Feb. 11, the event will expand to five more cities, including Atlanta.
"Our focus is on fun," Leathers said this week. "As cheesy as it sounds, we like to keep the 'fun' in fundraising."
The run was an offshoot of Leathers and Hanrahan's organization dubbed "the Tumornators," meant to help fund research for neurofibromatosis, a genetic disorder that causes tumors to grow on nerves throughout the body. Leathers' youngest brother was diagnosed with the disease that can lead to blindness, deafness, learning disabilities and chronic severe pain.
The original Cupid's Undie Run saw about 450 running around the U.S. Capitol. The idea was a fun, eye-grabbing event.
"Nothing draws a crowd like a crowd," Leathers said, "and nothing draws a big crowd like people in their underwear."
Because of the overwhelming success of the Washington, D.C. run, the event will also take place in Cincinnati, Denver, New York City, Seattle and Atlanta this year. The goal is to raise $500,000 nationwide.
The Atlanta edition will be held in the Virginia Highlands neighborhood, beginning with festivities at local pubs Hand in Hand and Neighbor's. Three more Gwinnett natives -- Meadowcreek grad Alischia Linson and Parkview grads Chris Griffith and Hannah Thompson -- have been instrumental in setting up the local event, Leathers said.
Registration is $35 and available at www.cupidsundierun.com/atlanta.
As far as attire is concerned, it's all in the name, with one major caveat -- absolutely no thongs. Leathers also offered one piece of advice for shyer participants: "Long johns are underwear too."
More like this story
- Cupid's Undie Run to put 'hilarity in charity' ( February 6, 2013 )
- Musical medicine
Brothers-turned-'Tumornators' to hold Buckhead benefit ( November 18, 2007 )
- Nationals beat Braves on Langerhans' homer ( September 7, 2008 )
- Out in the Crowd: Francoeur, Tumornators host second annual Rock4Research concert ( November 28, 2008 )
- Parkview's Wolff, Gwinnett's most decorated soccer player, retires ( November 28, 2012 )


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|Canal Crab (6)
DescriptionFresh crab legs have always been one of the King's favorite foods. We have had good luck catching fresh crabs in the canals over the past few weeks. Do you think you can lend me a hand and catch a few of them for me? Be sure to catch them alive, they are no good to me dead, the King requires the freshest catch we can muster.
You must have fast hands! I can't believe you caught all those crabs so quickly!
These crabs look great! I will clean these up and make sure that the King hears about your contribution. Thanks!
RewardsYou will receive: 15 40
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GainsUpon completion of this quest you will gain:
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Home is … using Leftovers for a Delicious Spaghetti Squash Meal!
Welcome to Home is … Day here at RE! This week we're sharing about …
… a meal made with leftovers!
I'll start with my story, and then you can link up and share yours, okay?
Home is … for sure, eating leftovers for dinner the next night. We do it all the time in the Coughlin home! We actually think food sometimes tastes better the next night!
Have I ever told you how much we love spaghetti squash? That would be my husband and me, because my kids aren't that crazy about it. But that's okay, because they do just fine with the carbs from pasta!
If you remember this recipe …
Using the leftovers I had from this dish, I whipped up a yummy meal. We definitely are a "leftovers" family. Not much goes to waste in our home.
Cut spaghetti squash in half; scoop out the seeds.
Bake at 350 for 30 minutes. Cool. Scoop out the squash.
It's so good for you! Replace pasta for spaghetti squash and you'll have a tasty meal.
I made a white sauce, adding Parmesan cheese.
Added 4 handfuls of spinach.
Sliced this leftover chicken and added to the sauce.
Made regular pasta for the kids.
Served over spaghetti squash for Paul and me. Over pasta for my kids.
Have you ever cooked with spaghetti squash? Or have you tried replacing pasta with it?
About Home is …
Each Wednesday you can link up here at RE, to a different theme that I will share in advance … which may be something like a beautiful set table, a snack waiting for your kids when they get home from school, fresh flowers in the kitchen, dishes in your hutch, a meal on the stove (maybe using leftovers), a family heirloom, a yard sale find and how you put it to use, pictures on the walls, music being played in the background … a feeling, a smell, a touch.
What's exciting about this day is that I will provide you (on my sidebar) the theme each week which will hopefully inspire you!
A few short rules to follow:
- 1. Just add your name to the description. The photo itself will help people browse. See on Emily's (Chatting at the Sky) blog how my post came up #25? How simple is that?
- 2. Link to your specific post, not the main page of your blog. Please follow this instruction, otherwise I will have to delete your entry. If you need help with a permalink, click here.
- 3. Go back to your original post and link this party to that post, and you are may also include the Home is … button from my sidebar, to bring people back here to RE.
NOW IT'S YOUR TURN … and Thank You for participating! Remember to visit the other bloggers who link up!
(Winner of the book: $5 Dinners for Moms book, by Erin Chase, is Lori H. (no blog). Congrats Lori!)
18 Responses to "Home is … using Leftovers for a Delicious Spaghetti Squash Meal!"
- #1
My mouth is watering! Yum!
.-= Jessica @ This Blessed Life´s last blog ..Work Your Wallet Wednesday – 3rd Edition =-.
- #2
We love spaghetti squash! I serve it with parmesan, salt & pepper and a little butter. I've never used it to replace pasta, though…you dish looks delish, Sandy!
And…spaghetti squash grows so easily in the garden!
.-= betsy´s last blog ..Home Is….Using Leftovers =-.
- #3
Can't wait to try this recipe!
.-= Julie´s last blog ..My Sister's Birthday, Lemon Cupcakes, & a Giveaway! =-.
- #4
so funny. because…i made spaghetti squash last nite since it was just me. It's one of those easy things (aside from getting the darn thing OPEN). I generally just hack it open, scoop the seeds, then butter, curry and garlic salt the inside and nuke on high for 15 minutes. I am SO trying this recipe. Can't wait. and btw- love your kitchen. meant to drop you a line after you so kindly stopped by my blog. xo. Sheri
.-= sheri´s last blog ..The ultimate link for linky parties :) =-.
- #5
I worked at a vegetable stand one summer in college and learned all sorts of things, but I never tried cooking a spaghetti squash- when we get back home! I like using my leftover chicken in chicken salad or in quesadillas. I had no pictures even though I just made chicken salad the other day!
.-= Tara G.´s last blog ..That's What Friend Are For =-.
- #6
I have never made spaghetti squash…and don't know why…I am sure I would love it…Thanks for hosting the linky party!
.-= Holly L´s last blog ..Pass the Pickles and Cheese, Please! =-.
- #7
Oh, I love spaghetti squash and how it has a touch of crispness and it's just a tad sweet. Mmm, mmm, mmm! To make them easy to cut open, I bake mine whole for 10 to 15 min in the oven, then take it out to cut it in half and remove the seeds. Then I put it back in the oven to continue baking. It works really well. I can't wait to see what everyone links!
☺ Celeste
.-= Celeste @ Cottage Dreamers´s last blog ..Take Flight =-.
- #8
I never thought I would like any kind of squash but I love spaghetti squash! Have not used it as a substitute for pasta per say but count it as my 'starch' and one of my favorite ways of serving it is quite simple- tossed with butter, pepper, salt, parsley, and some garlic or garlic powder! Typically I have to bake mine at 375 for at least 50 minutes; might be my oven and I also cover it with foil and bake it cut side down in some water. I have found that when its slightly undercooked (or not cooked to the point of mush) it makes for better tasting leftovers when you reheat it the next time.
.-= Chris D´s last blog ..Wedding Bouquet Portfolio =-.
- #9
We like spaghetti squash a lot too. We use it with pasta sauce but also sometimes serve it as a side dish. I like to brown a little fresh sage in some butter and then toss the squash in that – easy and different than spaghetti.
.-= Darla´s last blog ..Olive Kitteridge (book) =-.
- #10
Yes, I've tried cooking with it before. My son is on a low carb diet that controls his seizures…. so when he first began I tried cooking spaghetti squash every which way I could think of. It was a no go! I really liked it, though, especially with a red sauce.
I noticed you made separate for your kiddos, too!
(Got here from a tweet… Beautiful blog!)
.-= Dawn Farias´s last blog ..Greek Yogurt With Raw Honey =-.
- #11
We only use squash now days. My kids like it better than pasta. I even use zucchini sliced thin to make lasagna. Love it.
Cha Cha
.-= Cha Cha´s last blog ..WEEKEND WRAP UP =-.
- #12
I LOVE spaghetti squash! And the sauce sounds awesome! I'm going to make that soon! Our kids also like regular pasta better, but we always have them eat some squash too!
- #13
I just blogged about Spaghetti Squash yesterday! The first recipe I ever created for my mom's produce company (I am now the president – Frieda's Inc.) was with Spaghetti Squash. So easy, healthy and delicious! Here's the blog: http://whatsonkarensplate.blogspot.com/2010/04/spaghetti-squash-low-carb-pasta.html
.-= Karen ´s last blog ..Spaghetti Squash: Low-Carb Pasta =-.
- #14
I love using spaghetti squash, but I'm the ONLY one in my family who will eat it. So, I rarely bother.
I didn't have anything useful to contribute today, but G and are already discussing the "apron" post – we both have our favorites – he as head chef and me as sous chef!
.-= Adelle @ ready…GO!…get set´s last blog ..On Falling in Love, Part 4 =-.
- #15
Great podcast on how to cut squash at the Spilled Milk. If you haven't caught them yet, they're like the foodie version of Car Talk.
.-= The Training Table´s last blog ..How to Live to be 100 =-.
- #16
Hi there! I found your wonderful blog over at 504 Main! I LOVE your "Home is"… link up you do on Wednesdays. What a fun idea! I would really like to do it. The only problem is that I do a feature on Simplifying, organizing, and balancing on Wednesdays. Would it be bad if I linked up on Fridays?
I'm a new follower of your lovely blog!
.-= Heather´s last blog ..Lunch date in the city! =-.
- #17
LOVE these recipes…. and the lack of carbs. :-)
.-= Kim… and Her Coffee´s last blog ..Time to Pay the Piper =-.
- #18
I taught 4th grade for many years, and part of the curriculum was LI Farms. I brought Spaghetti Squash in when we finished our unit on LI vegetables. I made it for them in the Fac Rm microwave. Most of them had never had it before! The next day I got notes from 20 parents asking for the recipe..:) I make it in the Fall when I can get them from the farm down the road.


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Computers and computer systems
Computers and processors are ubiquitous in everyday life, and they're not only found in...
Computers and processors are ubiquitous in everyday life, and they're not only found in your PC. This unit introduces the different parts of computer systems and their use of binary code. Using the examples of kitchen scales, a digital camera and a computer artwork the unit, with the help of flowcharts, discusses how computers process data and instructions .
After studying this unit you will:
- know what all the terms highlighted in bold in the text mean;
- know the fundamental hardware components that make up a computer's hardware and the role of each of these components;
- know the difference between an operating system and an application program, and what each is used for in a computer;
- be able to describe some examples of computers and state the effect that the use of computer technology has had on some common products;
- be able to identify the principal components of a given computer system and draw a diagram after the style of Figures 6 and 12 in this unit to represent the data flows between them.
- Duration 20 hours
- Updated Thursday 17th October 2013
- Intermediate level
- Posted under Computing
- Current section: Introduction
- Learning Outcomes
- 1 Computers and processors: introduction
- 2 Computers and computer systems
- 3 Some facts about processors
- 4 Representing data and instructions inside a computer
- 5 Examples of computers
- 6 A look to the future
- 7 Computer programs
- Acknowledgements
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Computers and computer systems
There is more to computers and processors than simply PCs. In fact computers are ubiquitous in everyday life. This unit challenges how we view computers through the examples of processors in kitchen scales and digital cameras, as well as a work of art that, at heart, is a computer.
This unit is from our archive and is an adapted extract from Computers and processors (T224) which is no longer taught by The Open University. If you want to study formally with us, you may wish to explore other courses we offer in this subject area [Tip: hold Ctrl and click a link to open it in a new tab. (Hide tip)] .
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Sierra Std
The perfect travel companion
The Sierra standard body X-Scooter is the lightest scooter in the Dive Xtras family, at only 35lbs/16kgs it offers plenty of power for all you diving needs whilst being small enough to transport and carry easily. With approximately 1 hour run time and an optional travel case light enough to take on most airlines, this is the ultimate travel scooter.
In production at Dive Xtras for several years now, its super simple two penetration design has proven incredibly reliable with some units in rental fleets approaching their 3,000th dive.
The Sierra family uses the latest technology with a powerful brushless motor, NiMh batteries and electronic speed control. Trigger Shift on the Fly allows the user to select any one of 5 speeds with a simple click/double click of the trigger. The Sierra can easily be balanced in fresh and saltwater via the integrated weighting system.
Brushless MotorsVery reliable and durable motors designed specifically for our scooters. They are extremely lightweight and efficient for their size.
Electronic Speed Control"On the Fly" shift gears. Click to slow down. Double click to speed up. The CUDA series has 8 gears. When initially turning on the scooter it will always be in 3rd gear.
Variable Pitch PropellerTweek your scooters performance by adjusting the angle of the propeller blades. This is done easily in the middle of a dive by turning the pitch knob on the back of the propeller.
Minimalist DesignEvery aspect of the scooter was made to be bulletproof. From the 2 penetration design, 600ft depth rated aluminum body and tail, or the magnetically driven speed control.
Utility D-RingClip off your scooter easily with the front mounted D-Ring. Mounting the D-Ring is a sacrificial zinc bracket. The bracket deters corrosion to the aluminum body and tail.
Tow Behind DesignRide effortlessly through the water. Adjust your tow cord to fit your needs. The better your trim when scootering, the more efficient your scooter.
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|Performance Chart
|Depth Rating
|600ft; 180m
|37lbs; 17kg
|35 lbs
|Max Speed
|182ft/min; 55m/min
|Range at Max Speed/Max Drag
|1.4 miles; 2.3km
|Run Time at Max Speed/Max Drag
|39 min
|Cruise Range (150ft/min; 45m/min)
|1.9 miles; 3.1km
|Duration at Cruise Speed
|65 min
|Battery Specifications
|Battery Chemistry
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|Nominal 13Ah 310Wh
|1 x 20 F Cells
|Charge Time
|4 hours


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type of food "addiction". Unfortunately while the surgery works
to permit weight loss initially, it will be difficult to maintain the
weight loss or stick to the post-surgery food limits of amount and
type if the food issues have not been grappled with successfully.
Some people find Overeaters Anonymous meetings, either in
person or by phone, can work for them to help sustain the initial
loss.View Thread
Ugh! I'm tired just thinking about it. That's why one day at a time works for me.View Thread
day matter. However they also allow me to forget yesterday, stay in the now about my food and exercise choices and not try to live in the future. The ability to share about weight issues on an anonymous basis is very helpful. There are a
myriad of reasons why people overeat but when the veil of secrecy which usually accompanies overeating can be lifted through sharing in a meeting or listening to others share. It is not uncommon for a
person whose is or was an overeater to have another "over" problem like clutter or alcohol or to develop such a problem to replace the life function overeating served when that is gone. If the problem were solely a physical one then gastric by-pass surgery should have a lose to100% cure rate which it doesn't. Relapsing after by-pass or lap-band surgery in more than a minor way means the person needs to consider all possible means of support to maintain the reduced weight, including intensive private counseling
and support groups. What a good OA meeting provides is a fellowship of people with food problems who can share and listen for a hour. AA has worked for alcoholics with its one day at a time approach. The phrase food "addiction" does not sit well with some obese people. But it does seem to be the simplest shorthand way to get someone to recognize that eating the whole package of cookies or engaging in similar behaviour on a regular basis or eating meals that are so large post-gastric by-pass surgery that nausea or vomiting results is self-destructive behaviour over which they need to call on a power beyond themselves. That power may be no more than the OA meeting itself. Naturally thin people are not
very good sounding boards because most of them do not really understand why an obese person can't just stop eating or why someone would eat to the point of feeling sick.. So I say yes to OA or private therapy. It requires a lifetime commitment to keep to the regime post-operation through thick and thin, through good times and bad. That is very hard to do alone.View Thread
type of food "addiction". Unfortunately while the surgery works
to permit weight loss initially, it will be difficult to maintain the
weight loss or stick to the post-surgery food limits of amount and
type if the food issues have not been grappled with successfully.
Some people find Overeaters Anonymous meetings, either in
person or by phone, can work for them to help sustain the initial
loss.View Thread
at lunch. Eliminate the bread and have the lunch tuna wrapped in a lettuce leaf or two. A few black olives are a good side option unless you have been told to watch your salt intake. Salads without protein will NOT satisfy hunger. Protein is the key. At dinner try going heavy on non-starch vegetables. Anything high in carbohydrate or sugar will trigger hunger.
Also drink water throughout the day, plain or with some lemon squeezed into it for flavor, as it helps to create a feeling of fullness and also hydrates.
QLisaView Thread
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