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The other part concerns the process by which the Rikugun came to dominate the political process in Japan and, in effect, to control the Japanese state. This was the most important single dimension of Rikugun activity because of its results and implications, but the process by which the army came to dominate the Japanese state was, in turn, the product of developments that reached back into the 1920s and beyond, at least to the Russian and Chinese Civil Wars. In the course of the these two conflicts, Japanese military formations found themselves undertaking operations without direct control and guidance from superior authority in Tokyo. This situation bred a habit of independent action, which over time came to be identified with the belief that action could and would not be repudiated by Tokyo. The first real example of this came in 1928, when Japanese military personnel from the Guandong (Kwantung) Army, the garrison force in Manchuria, murdered the local warlord, but the Army Ministry blocked all moves to have those responsible tried by courts-martial, on the grounds that such proceedings would be damaging to the army's prestige. The cabinet gave way, and having surrendered on such a crucial matter, it had no real basis on which to oppose deliberate insubordination when events revealed powerful support within Japan for the Guandong Army's action in 1931 and 1932 in overrunning Manchuria.
The Manchurian episode was crucial to the process whereby the Imperial Army in effect came to control the state. Officers of the Guandong Army staged the Mukden (Shenyang) Incident in Liaoning on 18 September 1931, and what followed amounted to a coup inside Mukden by the Guandong Army. After an emergency cabinet meeting in Tokyo, the Japanese government announced that it was committed to a policy of nonaggression within Manchuria, but the Army Ministry declared that it would not consult the cabinet about future policy but would be bound by the Guandong Army's decisions. The cabinet immediately denied the Guandong Army's request for three divisions and ordered the Korean command not to provide reinforcements for that army, whereon the Korean command did just that on 21 September. The government found itself confronted by a fait accompli and outmaneuvered at every turn by a military that played the card of public opinion against any attempt to halt proceedings inside Manchuria. The government fell in December; then, on 15 May 1932, the new premier, Inukai Tsuyoshi, was assassinated by a group of naval officers and army cadets.
This event marked the beginning of the military's domination of the political process within Japan because in its aftermath, the Rikugun would only nominate an army minister if a party leader did not head the government. After the 15 May incident, governments could only be formed with the assent of the military and only if they were prepared to accede to the military's demands. When Hirota Koki became prime minister in July 1936 in the wake of the army mutiny on 26 February 1936, he found that the army minister had effective veto power over all appointments. In practice, the army could refuse to appoint an army minister or use the threat of resignation in order to ensure compliance with its will. There was to be no basic change in such arrangements until Japan was overwhelmed by national defeat.
In terms of the major military commitments in this 14-year period, the Manchurian Campaign was of minor importance. There was no serious, sustained, or coherent resistance within Manchuria, set up by the Japanese as a puppet state known as Manzhouguo (Manchukuo, and after 1934 Manzhoudiguo [Manchoutikuo], the Manzhou [Manchu] Empire). The Sino-Japanese War, which began in 1937, was another matter. The ease with which Japanese forces overran northern China after July 1937 was testimony to the extent of Japanese success over the previous five years, but the real point was that the Rikugun found itself involved in a protracted war it had not sought and that tied down its resources. As in 1932, the Japanese navy instigated fighting in Shanghai in Jiangsu (Kiangsu) Province, and again, the army had to be deployed there to rescue its sister service: it could only do so by extensive mobilization and escalation of a crisis it would have preferred to have resolved through threat, intimidation, and a series of piecemeal Chinese surrenders, rather than war. The war and the Japanese military effort quickly widened.
There were some defeats along the way, the most notable being in front of Tai'erzhuang (Tai'erh-Chuang) on 6–7 April 1938. The next day, Imperial General Headquarters formally sanctioned an escalation of the war by ordering the capture of Xuzhou (Hsuchow), Jiangsu Province. This move enabled the Japanese military to link what had been two very separate efforts, in northern and central China, and then to develop the offensive that would result in the capture of the Wuhan cities of Hubei (Hupeh) Province in October.
The period after 1938 was notable for two developments, namely, the rice raids that began in Hubei Province in late 1940 and then the opening of the "Three All"—"Kill All, Burn All, Destroy All"—campaigns in Communist-held/infected areas in northern China. In the course of this and subsequent Japanese operations, the population of Communist base areas was reduced from an estimated 44 million to 25 million by a policy of mass deportations, murder, and deliberate starvation. The Communists were neutralized as a threat, with no major guerrilla activity in northern China for the remainder of the war, but as in all matters Japanese in this war, success was an illusion. By 1938, if not before, the Japanese army, with a million troops in China, found itself learning again the truth of the Clausewitzian dictum that it is easy to conquer but hard to occupy. The reason for this was the adoption by the GMD regime in China of a policy of protracted resistance that precluded negotiations. The Japanese countered with a strategic bombing offensive, but this did not bring the GMD leadership to surrender. Perhaps the only point of real interest in these campaigns was the first attempt by any armed force to use airpower to kill a head of state. On 30 August 1941, army bombers attacked a villa in Chongqing (Chungking) in Sichuan (Szechwan), where Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) was known to be taking part in staff talks.
These efforts ran concurrently with defeats at Soviet hands. Japanese commitments in China dictated a cautious policy in Manchuria and Inner Mongolia, but in 1938 and 1939, several small and two major clashes occurred between Japanese and Soviet forces. The first major clash took place between 11 July and 10 August 1938 in the area around Zhanggufeng (Chang-ku-feng) where Manchuria, Korea, and the Maritime Provinces met; the second occurred between May and September 1939 in the area between the River Halha and Nomonhan. In both cases, single Japanese divisions attempted to clear Soviet forces from their territorial holdings, but in the first action, the Japanese were checked, and in the second, they were subjected to attack by an enemy possessing overwhelming numerical superiority in aircraft, tanks, and artillery. Beginning on 20 August, the Soviets undertook an offensive that literally shredded the Komatsubara Force and then totally destroyed one infantry regiment on the banks of the Halha. By mid-September, the Japanese had brought three fresh divisions to Nomonhan, but by this stage, both sides had very little interest in continuing the battle, and a local truce was arranged: the Zhanggufeng and Nomonhan disputes were resolved in June 1940.
The defeat at Nomonhan coincided with the 1939 German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact, and Germany's act, together with the Anglo-French declaration of war on Germany, caused Japan to adopt a cautious policy and wait on events. The German victory in northwest Europe in spring 1940 was immediately followed by a change of government. On 21 July, Prince Konoe Fumimaro replaced the more circumspect Yonai Mitsumasa as prime minister. The two services' precondition for allowing Konoe to form a government was his prior acceptance of their demands for a treaty with Germany and Italy, additional credits for the army, a nonaggression treaty with the Soviet Union, and the adoption of a forward strategy in southeast Asia.
In the China theater, however, the international situation offered the army the means to isolate the Chinese Nationalist regime by intimidating the British and French colonial authorities in Southeast Asia. The German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941 and the U.S. embargo of various goods, which was drastically extended that July, placed Japan in a situation in which a choice had to be made. At the navy's insistence, Japan's leaders decided to move into Southeast Asia to ensure access to raw materials. Without these assets, Japanese leaders believed their nation could not survive as a great power, even if this move meant war with the United States.
The army's role in such a war would be to provide garrisons in the islands that were to mark the defensive perimeter on which the Americans would be fought to a standstill. The navy's belief was that the fleet and land-based aircraft would be able to meet the Americans more or less on the basis of equality and thereafter fight them to exhaustion. A stalemate would then force the United States to reach some kind of negotiated settlement. Although this has been overlooked, the role of the army in the Pacific war was therefore very limited in one sense, and even in the initial phase, during which Southeast Asia was overrun, the commitment of the Imperial Army remained modest. The campaigns in Burma, Malaya, the Netherlands East Indies, and the Philippines involved only 11 Japanese divisions, the equivalent of a single army, and after these conquests were completed, no single campaign, whether in the southwest, central or north Pacific, involved a corps equivalent or more in the field until that in the Philippines in 1944 and 1945. Admittedly, the defeats Japan incurred in eastern New Guinea (March 1942 to December 1943) and thereafter along the northern coast of the island (December 1943 to May 1944) and in the central and upper Solomons (February to November 1943) did involve more than a corps equivalent, but these were a series of local defeats largely separated from one another. Probably no single reverse, even that on Guadalcanal (August 1942 to February 1943) at the very beginning of second-phase operations, involved more than two divisions.
The only defeat of corps-sized proportions incurred by the Rikugun prior to the Philippines Campaign was in Burma at Imphal and Kohima in the 1943–1944 campaigning season, the so-called March on Delhi that went disastrously wrong. The origins of this defeat lay in the ease with which the Japanese, with just one division, had frustrated a corps-sized British offensive in the Arakan in 1943, a campaign in which the Japanese outthought and outfought British forces with ease and one that bears comparison with the original campaigns of Japanese conquest in Southeast Asia.
In these 1941–1942 campaigns, the Japanese had no military margin of superiority, but they outfought individual enemies that were defensively dispersed and subjected to successive amphibious assaults by Japanese forces enjoying local air and naval superiority. The campaigns, conducted across a frontage of more than 3,000 miles, were characterized by economy of effort and even an almost aesthetic quality, as successive landings penetrated to the depth of Allied defenses.
Thereafter, the problem for Japan and the Rikugun was threefold. First, once they were no longer taking the initiative in the Pacific, Japanese garrisons were subjected to an overwhelming attack by massively superior Allied assets. No force could sustain itself against such an attack, and no resistance, however protracted and effective in terms of tying down U.S. military assets, could alter a pattern of defeat that brought American forces astride Japanese lines of communication to the south and took the war to the home islands. Second, the Rikugun deployed formations to the Pacific primarily at the expense of garrison forces in Manchuria and China, where these formations were not easily replaced. By 1944, ammunition shortages precluded Rikugun live-fire training. By August 1945, the class of 1945 was basically untrained, and the 1944 class was little better. The army, which had numbered some 24 divisions in the mid-1920s and 51 divisions in December 1941, raised 3 armored and 107 infantry divisions for service overseas: 1 tank and 55 infantry divisions remained in the home islands.
Despite these numbers, the quality of the army was declining because Japan quite simply lacked adequate industrial capacity to meet the requirements of total war. Japanese output in 1944 was equivalent to 4 percent of the American production of mortars, 4.7 percent of tanks, 8 percent of antiaircraft ammunition, perhaps 10 percent of all ordnance, and 6.5 percent of small-arms ammunition. With minimum capability, the divisions in the home islands in 1945 were singularly ill prepared to resist assault landings.
The Japanese army never, as it happened, experienced defeat in the home islands, but it faced defeat repeatedly on the continental mainland. The year 1945 saw Japanese forces defeated throughout Burma (with the exception of Tenasserim) and, in August, also throughout Manchuria, northern China, and Korea, as well as on Sakhalin and in the Kuriles, when Soviet forces put together a masterly short campaign. The Japanese forces numbered some 750,000 troops, but of these, some 300,000 were Manchurians suited only to garrison duties. The Japanese troops were mustered in 17 infantry divisions, equipped with 1,155 tanks, 5,360 artillery pieces, and 1,800 aircraft, but these were utterly routed by an enemy force consisting of 1 tank and 11 infantry armies. Seeking to consolidate what they held and to allow removal of formations to more important theaters, the Japanese had already begun major withdrawals within China, ending the period of Japanese successes that had begun in spring 1944 when Japan undertook a series of offensives throughout southern China. The Japanese conduct of these operations resembled their previous efforts in terms of brutality.
In July 1945, the Japanese army had 26 infantry divisions in China and another 7 in Korea, but even so, its position was hopeless. The extent of failure can be gauged by the fact that Japan managed to conjure into existence an alliance that included the world's most populous country; the greatest empire; the greatest industrial, naval, and air power; and the greatest military power. However unintentional, this was a formidable achievement, but it went in tandem with fundamental failure by the army leadership to comprehend the nature of the war in which it was involved. Drawing on its own highly selective interpretation of Japanese history and hobbled by the fact that, never having been defeated, it could not understand defeat, the army was dominated by an ethos that stressed a castelike reverence for rank and was strictly hierarchical. A very formal organization, it had no real capacity for flexibility and initiative at the lower levels. Its broad distaste for political and economic liberalism coexisted with its belief in what it deemed traditional Japanese martial values—specifically, its willingness to die in order to fight. The war was to prove, however, that sacrifice could not confound superior enemy matériel. H. P. Willmott
Further Reading
Boyle, John. China and Japan at War: The Politics of Collaboration. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1972.; Cook, Haruko Taya, and Theodore F. Cook. Japan at War: An Oral History. New York: New Press, 1992.; Coox, Alvin. Kogun: The Japanese Army in the Pacific War. Quantico, VA: Marine Corps Association, 1959.; Crowley, James. Japan's Quest for Autonomy: National Security and Foreign Policy, 1930–1938. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1966.; Dower, John. Japan in Peace and War. New York: New Press, 1993.; Drea, Edward J. In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998.; Harries, Meirion, and Susie Harries. Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army. New York: Random House, 1991.
H. P. Willmott


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The Docks of New York
1928. USA. Josef von Sternberg. 76 min.
With organ accompaniment by Ben Model
Thursday, December 13, 2007, 6:30 p.m.
Theater 2 (The Roy and Niuta Titus Theater 2), T2
The Docks of New York
1928. USA. Directed by Josef von Sternberg. Screenplay by Jules Furthman, based on the story "The Dock Walloper" by John Monk Saunders. With George Bancroft, Betty Compson, Olga Baclanova. A burly, fun-loving, easygoing steamship stoker rescues a hardened prostitute from suicide, but after winning her heart he callously abandons her, leaving money on the nightstand. The Docks of New York was one of the first films Furthman wrote for Von Sternberg, and the writer's distinctive stamp can be seen in the recurring character of the good/bad girl—she brims with erotic enticement, but can also be warm-hearted and self-sacrificing—an archetype that especially served Von Sternberg's transformation of Dietrich. (Furthman penned the Von Sternberg/Dietrich films Morocco, Shanghai Express, and Blonde Venus.) Silent. 76 min.
In the Film exhibition Collaborations in the Collection
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subset: commoncrawl


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Blichmann False bottom For 55 Gallon BoilerMaker Brew Pot
Item #: BL356
Shipping: Does Not Ship Free
Weight: 6LBS
Shipping: Does Not Ship Free
Weight: 6LBS
Drop Ship: This product will ship directly from the supplier, can take 2-3 weeks for delivery.
Shipping Limitation: This item does not qualify for free shipping.
- 60-Day no hassle Return Policy
If you are unsatisfied with any item for any reason you can return the product within 60 days and we will refund your purchase price on that item, excluding shipping charges. View Details
These are designed to be used with the Blichmann BoilerMaker Brew Kettles for use in a mash tun. Will also work great if you're using whole hops in your boil kettle (for pellet hops, we recommend using the Blichmann HopBlocker). A patent pending button louver design is a hybrid of a perforated false bottom and a slotted manifold to give you the best of BOTH designs!
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text:
Scientific Advisory Board
Jeffrey Borer, M.D.
Chief of Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Chair of Medicine
SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Brooklyn, New York
Raymond C. Stevens, Ph.D.
Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology
The Scripps Research Institute
La Jolla, California
Stephen L. Hauser, M.D.
Chair of the Department of Neurology
Robert A. Fishman Distinguished Professor
University of California San Francisco
San Francisco, California
Alan Lewis, Ph.D.
Chief Executive Officer and Director,
Medistem, Inc.
Joseph Loscalzo, M.D., Ph.D.
Chairman, Department of Medicine
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts
Larry J. Shapiro, M.D.
Spencer T. and Ann W. Olin Distinguished Professor
Executive Vice Chancellor for Medical Affairs
Dean of the School of Medicine
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri
Ronald G. Crystal, MD
Chairman of Genetic Medicine
The Bruce Webster Professor of Internal Medicine
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York, New York


text:
Sacramento Kings v Los Angeles Clippers
Blake Griffin of the Los Angeles Clippers is interviewed following... News PhotoBasketball - Sport,Blake Griffin,California,City Of Los Angeles,Following,Full Length,Los Angeles Clippers,Match - Sport,NBA Pro Basketball,Sacramento Kings,Sport,Sports Team,Staples Center,Success,USA,VerticalPhotographer Andrew D. BernsteinCollection: National Basketball Association 2012 NBAELOS ANGELES, CA - DECEMBER 21: Blake Griffin #32 of the Los Angeles Clippers is interviewed following his team's 12th straight victory after a game against the Sacramento Kings at Staples Center on December 21, 2012 in Los Angeles, California. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and/or using this photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. Mandatory Copyright Notice: Copyright 2012 NBAE (Photo by Andrew D. Bernstein/NBAE via Getty Images)


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Neoseeker : Games : Xbox 360 : Xbox Live Arcade : Action : X-Men: The Arcade Game
cheats | faqs | screens | forums | xboxlive hub | gamertags | leaderboard
BackgroundExperience the classic 1992 X-Men arcade game right in the comfort of your own home! Choose from some of your favorite classic X-Men characters including: Cyclops, Colossus, Wolverine, Storm, Nightcrawler, or Dazzler. Fight your way through hundreds of Sentinels and battle classic super villains such as Pyro, The Blob, Wendigo, Nimrod, The White Queen, Juggernaut, Mystique and the Master of Magnetism himself, Magneto!
Game Play
FeaturesSix Player Online Action - Up to six players can join in the fun online!
High Definition Visuals - The game will feature high definition heads-up displays, menus and local/online Leaderboards (Scoreboards). Gameplay visuals will receive some updating for high definition display using proprietary smoothing technology.
Online Drop-In Multiplayer - Players can jump into available online games at any time. Choose from various levels.
Custom Match - Select the kind of session you would like to join, by setting the amount of players, difficulty settings and what level where you would like to start.
Create Match - Establish yourself as the host, and take control of incoming players, number of players, difficulty setting, starting level and have complete Veto Power.
Choose from multiple difficulty modes, to give yourself the ultimate X-Men challenge.
Official URLOfficial Website
EvilTediz597 and 3 others played X-Men: The Arcade Game
EvilTediz597 and 3 others own X-Men: The Arcade Game
Jax06added 8 new screenshots
Mar 26, 12 12:19pm
Intoxicationadded a cheat
Dec 15, 10 8:48am
- Genre: Action (XBLA)
- Perspective(s): Flat side view
- Developer: Konami
- Publisher: Konami
Released North America Dec 14, 2010


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Q: What information should be submitted when filing an application for rights protection?
A: The applications for rights protection have to be done in written form, with the following information:
1. name, birth date, ID card number, service unit, rank, position or occupation, address, phone number.
2. date, cause and demand of the punishment, with the related evidence.
3. whether a grievance has been filed or if the case is under investigation or deliberation by any government compensation organization, (military) legal organization or the Control Yuan. The related information should be submitted.
4. If a grievance has been file, the related documents and the causes for appeal should be enclosed.
5. Applications filed by applicant's family should be enclosed with authority documents with name, ID card number, service unit, rank and position of the person concerned.
6. date, year of the application. If the grievance is filed for a re-liberation against the first-rank committee's overrule, a copy or original of the resolution and the reasons against it should be submitted as well.
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text:
A silly song for Agile2009
To the tune of 'Blowing in the wind', by Bob Dylan.
This (rather silly) text was inspired by a tweet from Andres Almiray
How many sprints must a girl conduct
Before scrum-master she becomes?
Yes, 'n' how many stories must we implement
Before the iteration's done?
Yes, 'n' how many patches must the coder hack
Before the code finally runs?
The answer my friend? Just code it in Groovy,
The answer is written in Groovy.
How many specs must a user read
Before he will agree to sign?
Yes 'n' many drawings must a man produce
Before he's allowed to code a while?
Yes 'n' how many waterfalls must we descend
Before the boss will think agile?
The answer my friend? Just code it in Groovy,
The answer is written in Groovy.
How many closures must a padawan write
Before he really groks Groovy
Yes 'n' how many addons can a plugin provide
Before it will no longer plug in
Yes 'n' how many patches must a guy submit
Before a committer he can be
The answer my friend? Just code it in Groovy,
The answer is written in Groovy.
"Probably the best training course I've been on."..."Not just how to write Java code but the 'business end' - how to build, test, deploy, manage and monitor"..."One of the best and most useful courses I have attended. And they didn't even try to sell me anything!" - Coming soon to Canberra, Sydney, Brisbane and Wellington! Get up to scratch with the latest in Java tools and best practices! Sign up on the 2009 season of the Java Power Tools Bootcamps.
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- johnsmart's blog
- 1909 reads
by johnsmart - 2009-08-11 14:24So here's the alternative, slightly more agile refrain: The answer, my friend, is buried in the scrum The answer is buried in the scrum
by felipegaucho - 2009-08-11 03:12how many println must a coder do before he realizes Groovy doesn't debug? how many hacks a coder should do before he realizes HTTPS doesn't work on Groovy? and how many languages we should try before realize Java is the master ? :) my 2 cents..


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Following previous breakdowns on X-Men: Days of Future Past and The Amazing Spider-Man 2, the third installment of our ongoing '5 Reasons...' series detailing why Summer 2014 is up for grabs expands beyond domestic analysis and into the larger global picture for Transformers: Age of Extinction.
Although Michael Bay's fourth franchise effort is widely considered to be one of the favorites to take the Summer 2014 domestic crown, its truest potential lies outside North American borders. Below are five of the biggest factors (in no particular order) that will propel the newest Transformers sequel's worldwide box office engine.
Goodbye Shia, Hello Mark
It would be easy to join the bandwagon of criticism over Shia LaBeouf's recent shenanigans, but that's not what we're here to do. In fact, there's a very strong argument that he was quietly one of the reasons behind the success of the first three films. While many are quick to correctly point out that the Transformers themselves are the stars, there's something to be said for general audiences gravitating to what and who they're familiar with. After all, if LaBeouf was truly disliked by the average moviegoer, they wouldn't have spent nearly $2.7 billion watching him as the lead of three movies. With Shia's exit and a completely renovated cast, Age of Extinction automatically begins with a disadvantage.
However, Bay and Paramount have aimed to counter the loss by adding a genuine action star in Mark Wahlberg--fresh off the success of Lone Survivor, as well as recent hits like Ted, The Fighter, and The Other Guys. Even 2 Guns and Contraband pulled respectable numbers for their genres. Wahlberg's every-man appeal has expanded quite a bit in recent years--a persona well-suited for the Transformers' popcorn universe. The fact that his main character won't be just another young kid is a clear attempt to reinvent the face of the franchise. Will it work this soon?
Wahlberg's aforementioned every-man status segues nicely into this element. One of the strengths that Michael Bay and executive producer Steven Spielberg brought to 2007's original Transformers was a fond sense of Middle American values... (more)
Full Story: http://www.boxoffice...est-blockbuster
Edited by ShawnMR, 17 April 2014 - 12:09 PM.


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Moist + musky = creepiest words ever invented.
MAC Semi Precious Collection Lip Colors: Cremesheen, Lipsticks
MAC has released four Lipsticks and five Cremesheen Glass with their Semi Precious Collection, and I have two of each to share with you today! For lipsticks: Lush Amber, a lustre nude, and Musky Amethyst, a wine plum. For Cremesheen Glass: Pure Magnificence, a muted lilac, and Natural Flare, a caramel nude.
Musky Amethyst, Lush Amber
Musky Amethyst, Lush Amber
Musky Amethyst, Lush Amber
Lush Amber (top), Musky Amethyst (Bottom)
Lush Amber
Musky Amethyst
Pure Magnificence, Natural Flare
Pure Magnificence, Natural Flare
Pure Magnificence, Natural Flare
16 Comments
OMG YES, i absolutely HATE the word moist. barrrrf
Gee Leesha, thanx for making me thing wrong about the word moist now, I can't stop laughing about it now.
would you say is a dupe for Lush Amber? Also,do you think it would work on very pigmented lips? Xoxo
seriously digging the musky amethyst but, like you, definitely not digging the name.
Natural Flare looks simply amazing.
i love the lush amber lipstick! the other ones are ok, but not my thing..
Musky Amethyst is pretty. Its so Fall.
Musky Amethyst is perfect!
Does anyone watch Tim & Erica Awesome Show Great Job??
Musky takes on a whole new meaning! And the color is similar!
Really wish the whole clip was online!
I love all four lipsticks/glosses. I'm ordering them now!
I ordered Lush Amber and Natural Flare also Warmth Of Coral blush. Its coming today so i cant wait! The Musky Amethyst look soo pretty but i just feel like cant pull off dark colors. I guess i'll give it a shot, i will order more later on if its still available on mac's site. Im thinking of getting some of the skin finishes and the Geo pink cremesheen
I went and picked up Musky Amethyst and I thought it looked wayyy darker in person than how it did on here, but I figured it was the lighting and such nice quality you took to make it look more red. But then when I tried it on when I got home it appears MUCH darker on me than on you. I still like the color, I probably won't wear it unitl fall/winter though. It's more of a purple/plum color on me.
Oh my gosh! :D Orange lip gloss seems kinda weird, but it looked SOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO pretty on you! :D
Oh, they're so lovely. O.O You make me want to try lipglass! I'm probably going to go buy Musky Amethyst and Pure Magnificence now…
(Musky? Wtf?)


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When kidney failure occurs, dialysis is essential to filter impurities from the blood and maintain the chemical balance needed to stay alive. Our interdisciplinary team of dialysis specialists includes physicians, nurses, technicians and dietitians who help our patients meet the challenges of dialysis with comfort and dignity, and continue to live a full, active life.
Our patients often require care in addition to dialysis, providing a unique challenge. Kindred's expertise in treating patients with multi-system failure and other medically complex conditions allows us to provide that care through an interdisciplinary team approach.
When a severe lung disorder, neurological problem or infection makes it impossible to breathe, a tracheostomy – a cut into the trachea – may be necessary to keep the patient's windpipe open. If such a cut is made during an emergency, it is referred to as a tracheotomy.
Our interdisciplinary team is experienced in caring for patients with a tracheostomy or tracheotomy. We work with patients and their family members or loved ones to ensure that the tubing and assembly is kept clean, clear and free of infection.
People with serious injuries and illnesses need critical care – close, constant attention by a specially-trained team of healthcare professionals, usually taking place in an Intensive Care Unit.
Most Kindred hospitals feature Intensive Care Units or special care units where patients can be safely transferred from short-term acute care hospitals without interrupting the treatment they require.
Our rehabilitation therapists are part of Kindred's rehabilitation services division, RehabCare. They are trained in the latest rehabilitation techniques and are dedicated to helping our patients regain their functional abilities to the fullest extent.
A customized comprehensive therapy program is developed specifically with the patient's ability to participate in mind, and members of the rehabilitation team implement its components. Patients can take advantage of a well-equipped rehabilitation gym and activity room or they can receive rehabilitation services bedside.
Key areas of treatment may include:
• endurance training• gait training• strengthening program• range of motion• upright posture orientation
• activities of daily living
• cognition enhancement• communication• swallow assessment/training• video swallows• Passey-Muir valve• adaptive equipment• group and individual therapy sessions
Kindred Healthcare680 South Fourth StreetLouisville, KY 40202Phone: 502.596.7300Toll Free: 1.800.545.0749
Copyright © 2015 Kindred Healthcare, Inc.


text:
Blackberry Unveils Its New Operation System And Phone
The Blackberry Z10 is displayed at the BlackBerry 10 launch event at... News PhotoBlackBerry 10,Blackberry Z10,Business,Corporate Business,Event,Finance,Horizontal,Launch Event,Manhattan - New York City,New York City,Pier,Science and Technology,Technology,USAPhotographer Mario TamaCollection: Getty Images News 2013 Getty ImagesNEW YORK, NY - JANUARY 30: The Blackberry Z10 is displayed at the BlackBerry 10 launch event at Pier 36 in Manhattan on January 30, 2013 in New York City. The new smartphone and mobile operating system is being launched simultaneously in six cities. (Photo by Mario Tama/Getty Images)


text:
Monday, July 26, 2010
The Opposite of Monetization
It will be objected that T-bill purchases – even if they were actually happening – are temporary. T-bills mature quickly, and if the Fed buys T-bills today, it is not obliging itself to roll over those purchases when the bills mature. Thus it is only temporarily monetizing the debt, for such a short period of time that it hardly matters. By contrast, when the Fed purchases longer maturity Treasuries, it is paying for government expenditures without requiring to Treasury to repay any time soon.
But this view is deceptive. Assuming that the Fed maintains its resolve to prevent the inflation rate from rising significantly above 2%, and assuming that the economy does recover before the aforementioned securities mature (because otherwise the question is moot anyhow), the Treasury will have to repay the money. How will it have to repay the money, if the securities are still outstanding? Since the Fed's profits go into the Treasury, any reduction in the Fed's profits is equivalent to a payment by the Treasury. And if the economy does recover, the Fed will, to prevent that recovery from overheating, either raise the interest rate it pays on excess reserves or liquidate the Treasury securities at a loss. Either way, its profits go down, and the Treasury loses, just as if the Treasury had had to repay the money directly.
The real issue is whether the Fed will be tempted to abandon its inflation target. So let's imagine the Fed, say, 5 years from now, under two different scenarios where the Fed faces a dramatic increase in the velocity of money and has to choose whether to allow inflation. In the first scenario, the Fed's portfolio is full of long-term Treasury bonds. In the second, it's full of short-term bills. Under which scenario will the Fed be tempted to allow inflation?
Under the first scenario, the Fed would have to choose whether to liquidate its Treasury bonds at a loss. If the Fed were simple-minded, it would be tempted to avoid the loss by holding on to the bonds and allowing the economy to overheat. But the Fed isn't so simple-minded: Fed officials will be well aware of the effect that inflation would have on the value of their bond portfolio. If they don't liquidate, they will face the same decision a year later under worse conditions. And if they don't liquidate then, they will face the same decision a year after that under yet worse conditions. In all likelihood, they will follow the logic through to its conclusion and realize that they have little choice: holding the bonds to maturity is not really an option (unless they want to risk hyperinflation, which we can presume they won't), and the best alternative is to liquidate the bonds before inflation becomes an issue, because waiting would only increase their losses. So a Fed with a portfolio of long-term bonds is not one that is likely to tolerate inflation.
Now look at the other scenario. With a portfolio of short-term Treasury bills, the Fed faces the decision whether to allow the economy to overheat and produce inflation. There are no losses to worry about, so you might think the decision would be easy: just sell some of the T-bills, contract the money supply, and avoid inflation. But there's another consideration. If the Fed didn't buy bonds in the first place, then those bonds remained in the hands of the public. This means the government will have to repay those bonds, which means that it may have to raise taxes or cut public services. Inflation is one form of tax, and when the public debt is large, inflation is a tax that can generate considerable revenue while arguably producing only a minimal amount of distortion in the economy. With no losses of its own to worry about, the Fed may quite rationally decide that an inflation tax is better than the alternatives. So, if anything, the temptation to allow inflation is higher when the Fed's portfolio doesn't include long-term bonds.
In terms of its likely implications for future inflation, buying longer-term Treasury securities is not monetization; it is the very opposite of monetization. This conclusion is actually a little bit disturbing, because it means that asset purchases by the Fed may have just the wrong effect on the real interest rate. Rational markets will anticipate less, not more, inflation when the Fed purchases long-term bonds, and this will only serve to make real investment less attractive – just the opposite of the intended effect. On the other hand, Fed bond purchases would have a direct effect on the real interest rate by reducing the available supply of bonds, and my guess is that this effect would outweigh any adverse effect via inflation expectations.
In any case, the implications for bond investors are unambiguous: Fed asset purchases are good for you. Some caveats are needed, though. The likelihood of additional asset purchases (if you believe there is such a likelihood) does not necessarily imply a buying opportunity, since the rest of the market may also be anticipating it. And one has to take into account a couple of important risks. The Fed could come to its senses and announce higher inflation targets, which would clearly be bad for bond investors (at least at a certain horizon, though the dynamics could be complicated). And Fed asset purchases (indeed, even those that have already taken place) may end up having the intended effect by getting a more solid recovery going. The big risk is that things will go back to normal.
DISCLOSURE: Through my investment and management role in a Treasury directional pooled investment vehicle and through my role as Chief Economist at Atlantic Asset Management, which generally manages fixed income portfolios for its clients, I have direct or indirect interests in various fixed income instruments, which may be impacted by the issues discussed herein. The views expressed herein are entirely my own opinions and may not represent the views of Atlantic Asset Management.
71 comments:
- Adam P said...
Andy, this is a really, really good point.
But nonetheless, wasn't the whole point of intoducing interest on reserves that the fed could tighten without selling any of the securities it holds? Especially since the mortgage bonds might well end up worthless.
The fed can always just raise the rate it pays on reserves, it won't need to sell anything.
- July 26, 2010 at 2:13 PM
- Andy Harless said...
Adam, my argument is that raising the interest rate on excess reserves is more or less equivalent to selling bonds at a loss. Either you take the loss as a capital loss on the bonds, or you take the loss as an expense over time by paying more interest. In contrast, if you have a portfolio of short-term securities, you can drain reserves by selling them without taking a loss, and then there are fewer reserves on which to pay interest. (And since interest is only on excess reserves, you can presumably get down to where little in interest payments are required). Interest on reserves is a convenience, because you can raise it without disrupting markets, but it doesn't allow the central bank to avoid losses that would otherwise be necessary.
Another way to make my main argument is to think of the government and central bank as a unit. When the CB buys long-term bonds, it's as if the government were not issuing them in the first place: the govt+CB is net short-term financed. If the CB doesn't buy bonds, but the government still issues them, then the govt+CB is net long-term financed (at least relatively speaking). So which government would you trust more not to inflate, the one that's short-term financed or the one that's long-term financed?
There's also seignorage revenue, but in the long run the total seignorage is dictated by the inflation policy. So beyond a certain point, anything that looks like seignorage in the short run is really just short-term financing. (Imagine if the CB just credited the Treasury's account and wrote that off immediately as a loss. That would look like pure seignorage, but when the economy recovers, the CB would have to undo that seignorage by paying interest on reserves that it would be unable to drain.)
- July 26, 2010 at 4:33 PM
- Tschäff said...
How do you know the fed hasn't been purchasing tsy secs i.e. monetizing the debt?
Secondly, you assume that the fed can fight inflation by raising the interest rate either by higher interest on reserves or via open market operations. This is something I'm not convinced the fed has much control over. I have a growing suspicion that zero interest rates are deflationary / higher interest rates are inflationary. Yes, higher interest rates do decrease the amount of bank loans being made, at least when the economy isn't in the ponzi phase, but it also makes debt servicing more expensive pushing up the costs of business for those who borrow, i.e. businesses & governments. (cost-push inflation), and for another reason I'll get back to at the end.
Really using taxes to decrease aggregate demand (thus inflation) is the tool for the job. Not only is it a sharper tool (can target only overheating sectors), but more fair too (progressive).
If non-gov financial wealth is held in the form of tsy secs or bank reserves the main difference is one pays interest and the other doen't (or didn't till recently). So actually it would be LESS inflationary if the government would spend without issuing a tsy secs, I.E. monitize the debt. See more here http://neweconomicperspectives.blogspot.com/2009/11/what-if-government-just-prints-money.html
- July 27, 2010 at 9:05 AM
- Scott Sumner said...
Andy, I hadn't given this issue much thought, but it does seem to me that you are right. I've always thought that expectations of inflation in the US are not so much based on fiscal considerations, as expectations of future monetary policy intentions. Thus buying long term bonds is only inflationary if the market takes it as a signal that the Fed is getting serious about boosting inflation over time. This might or might not be the case; I don't have strong views either way.
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The travails of small credit unions trying to adjust to new product technology, management succession or the real estate hangover were evident again last week with a spate of mergers in both Nevada and Wisconsin.
Central City CU in Marshfield, Wis., has opened a student-run branch at a local elementary school, among other community financial education efforts.
First Community Credit Union, Beloit, Wis., announced that the members of Rock County Employees Credit Union, Janesville, Wis., have voted to merge their credit union into First Community Credit Union.
A recent disbursement of government funds to banks has the Wisconsin Credit Union League calling foul.
League questions TARP funds going to state's banks while bank business lending drops.
Department store millionaire, banking committee member, is sixth Democrat to announce retirement from upper chamber so far this year.


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Gulfstream Today
Gulfstream Today
The Lead: Saturday's $100,000 Adena Springs Sugar Swirl (G3) drew a field of seven including Dust and Diamonds, who finished second Nov. 3 behind Groupie Doll in the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Sprint (G1).
Purchased after the Breeders' Cup by TNT Stud for $900,000, Dust and Diamonds will be making her first start for Todd Pletcher, who has been Gulfstream's leading trainer the past nine consecutive years.
The six furlong event also drew three horses trained by Marty Wolfson, including Calder stakes winners Spectacular Sky and Nakano as well as Golden Mystery.
Who's Hot: Jockeys Jose Lezcano and Joe Rocco Jr. visited the winner's circle twice during Wednesday's eight-race program. Lezcano who the sixth with Clement Rock ($6.60) and seventh with Imperial Luck ($3.80) while Rocco took the fourth aboard Dinahmite Sal ($11.20) and was placed first by the stewards in the second with Miss Lamour ($15.20).
Meanwhile, jockey Jesus Rio brought home Dolce Luna in the fifth to the tune of $81.60.
Carryovers: Rainbow 6 - $3,352.64.


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text:
Document Number: 3503Home Computers and Internet Use in the United States: August 2000 - The proportion of households with computers has increased more than fivefold since the Census Bureau began collecting data on computer ownership in 1984. This report offers a quick look at the trends and characteristics of computer use in the United States. The report asserts that schools "level the playing field" by giving computer access to children who have no computers at home. It includes information according to income level, ethnicity, age, educational attainment and region. (U.S. Department of Commerce, September 2001)...
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text:
At Flemings we are passionate about afternoon tea. We're dedicated to creating the best afternoon teas in London, from Traditional or Champagne to Chocoholic or Baby Shower afternoon tea.
To celebrate afternoon tea week, we are offering 25% off our Traditional Afternoon Tea on afternoontea.co.uk. Don't miss out!
All of our afternoon teas include freshly-made sandwiches – smoked salmon & cream cheese, egg mayonnaise, ham & English mustard, and the classic cucumber. Follow these with a light fluffy scone and plenty of jam and clotted cream. The final tier features a selection of carefully crafted petit fours, each a mouthful of divine deliciousness. Think chocolate-dipped strawberries, miniature macaroons, tiny cupcakes and melt-in-the-mouth brownies. Our Chocoholic Afternoon Tea has chocolate chip scones, and a delicious array of chocolate petit fours to satisfy any chocolate-lover's appetite.
If you're on a mission to find the best afternoon tea in London, come and try one of our afternoon teas at Flemings Mayfair.


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December 5th, 2007
I've been sick now for many months, and I've been to all sorts of doctors - neurologists, ENTs, a gastroenterologist, and a rheumatologist, and they can't seem to find anything. I've had several symptoms of hypothyroidism and it runs in my family. They include muscle and joint pain, weakness, fatigue, dry mouth, and GI problems. They did GI scopes and found nothing, and said it was probably irritable bowel syndrome. The rheumatologist has tested for multiple disease including lupus, rheumatoid athritis, Chron's disease, celiac disease, etc. and they didn't find anything out of the ordinary. They tested my thyroid hormone levels through bloodwork, and nothing abnormal came up with T3, T4 or TSH. However, the tests showed that I have a high amount of Vitamin D in my body. Could I still have hypothyroidism and it not show up with bloodwork? Do my Vitamin D levels have anything to do with that? I have an aunt that has hypothyroidism and it showed nothing was wrong in her bloodwork, but they eventually found out she had it through some sort of saliva test. Help would be greatly appreciated.
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I changed my mind
First Helper
replied January 12th, 2008
Have you checked into the possibility of food allergies/sensitivities? I had many of the symptoms you described before we figured out I had a host of allergies. The symptoms you describe sound like what happened when I ate wheat...which was all the time. Even if doctors don't think that is what it is and even test you and say you don't have them, doesn't mean you don't. Try experimenting with taking out wheat (or dairy/soy/corn, etc) for a week or two, then add it back in and see what happens. I couldn't believe how good I felt when I got wheat out of my system. I didn't even realize my joint pain was related to it, but it was! Good luck finding out what's wrong.
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I changed my mind
replied January 16th, 2008
Me tooo!
I have had the exact same symptoms you describe for almost 5 years. I have been to every doctor imaginable.....they now tell me its all in my head. If you ever figure out what is wrong, please post!
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I changed my mind
replied February 2nd, 2008
High Vitamin D
There is a condition, newly researched, that seems to cover all your symptoms, that has to do with Cell-Wall Deficient bacteria. It causes a wide range of symptoms, typified by your 'many doctors, many tests, no diagnosis'. One variant is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. It's being treated worldwide now under the Marshall Protocol. I don't have this condition, but my best friend does, and she's started treatment and is starting to get her life back. See
http://www.immunesupport.com/library/showa rticle.cfm/id/5784
for a summary and
for the study site. You will need to find a GP to prescribe the relevant medications and monitor you.
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I changed my mind
replied February 20th, 2008
this is me
I'm a 35 year old woman in the middle of running the doctor circuit, getting tests that say nothing's wrong, and getting looked at by the doctors like I don't what I'm talking about. In the meantime, my joints are killing me and my arms and legs feel so heavy that it's like I'm walking through water. I can sleep 12 hours a day and still feel exhausted. There's no way this is in my head--no matter what the doctors say. I'm scared that they'll never figure out what's wrong and I'll continue to lose my life to feeling terrible. It's just so discouraging!
I have terrible allergies (to trees, grass, mold, etc) but never thought food allergies could be underneath all these problems. Thanks for the idea!
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I changed my mind
replied June 6th, 2012
Syrgirl. I have the same condition and I have taken blood tests and nothing. Everything came out perfect. I'm scared outta my mind cause I'm always tired, I have tingling in my head and extremities and sometimes sharp pains too. I'm only 18 years old and the worst part is that my hands and feet hurt the most. I have also been sneezing and coughing occasionally for months. I don't know what's wrong with me. It feels like I have a terrible flu that just won't go away.
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I changed my mind
replied March 31st, 2009
adrenal glands
I've had the same issues. My doctor did lots of blood test and everything was normal. She did a salavia test to test cortisol levels. That was the problem. Levels were dropping too low. She's treating w/ supplements. I've been on them for 1 week and already feeling a bit better. So look into adrenal fatigue.
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I changed my mind
replied January 4th, 2012
Headaches,Fatiuge, muscle/joint pain, and Abdominal issues
I am 24 years old and I am a school nurse. I thought at first my immune system was a little run down and I just needed time for my immune system to build up. Well Its been 3years and nothing. I've been to every Dr imaginable with no Luck. Like I said I'm 24 years old should be out having fun, but instead I come home from work and sleep for hrs. I think I could sleep for days and It wouldn't be enough. I've suffered from horrible migraines, muscle/joint weakness and pain. And Bouts of nausea/vomiting and diarrhea. I wish someone had a answer before this consumes my life!!!
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I changed my mind
replied January 11th, 2012
Sjogrens Syndrome?
I've been dealing with extreme dry mouth and joint pain in my arms and knees, have hypothroidism and have gotten the same "It's all in your head" reaction from doctors. I had pretty much given up getting any diagnosis/help when I came across this condition called Xerostomia (fancy word for dry mouth). That led me to this article on Sjogrens Syndrome. As I am not comfortable again looking like a hypochondriac with my regular doc, I'll be asking my dentist about this! Read the entire article as the symptoms may or may not all be present. Hope it helps some of you find answers!
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I changed my mind
replied November 15th, 2012
I got diagnosed with sjorgrens syndrome,fibromalygia,hypothyroid and pcos.
I am in the process of getting a diagnosis on lupus also.
With the sjoergrens I have dry mouth, eyes and joint pain. I am taking restasis eyedrops and salagen for dry mouth. It helps me somewhat with the dryness. It took all of the docters 2 years to finially figure that out. By that time my eyesight went bad. So just keep on pushing for these tests. Sjoergrens has to be treated or your organs can get affected. Wishing you all the best,
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I changed my mind
replied March 1st, 2013
I too have GI problems and each time I get this I get pain in my muscles and joints and feel really unwell and weak. I now have dry eyes and use viscotears for this (prescribed by GP). Why won't GP look further into what is causing all of this? I am sick of trying to get a diagnosis and treatment and just get "fobbed off" each time I ask for help. I am 63 now and these problems are getting worse and worse each time I have a "flare up". I will keep trying to get a diagnosis but am running out of the fight I need to do this.
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I changed my mind
replied March 25th, 2013
Re: muscle and joint pain, weakness, fatigue, stomach problems
I had to leave on a business trip for a week . It just so happpened , i had small amounts of wheat during the trip. My three year joints and muscle pains almost dissapeared. Now, after comming back home and back to my old full of wheat eating habits , the pain is back again. i am goint to go off wheat for a week and will update you of the result.
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I changed my mind
joint pain
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Airlines that are now extinct
Published On: Feb 14 2013 12:19:54 PM EST Updated On: Dec 10 2013 03:07:10 AM EST
US Airways is only the latest of many airlines to disappear from the friendly skies.
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