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You are currently viewing the beta version of the new AMM site.
Click here
to return to the current site.
American Metal Market proudly announces the 2011 Awards for Steel Excellence.
Finalists will be recognized at an exclusive awards dinner and celebration on June 21, 2011 at the Sheraton Hotel & Towers during the Steel Success Strategies XXVI Conference.
The 2011 Awards for Steel Excellence categories and finalists:
Best Brownfield Technology: Boomerang Tube, Severstal North America
Best Greenfield Technology: Essar Steel Algoma, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA
Best Innovation Products & Process: Alabama State Port Athority, Arcelormittal, BMW, Coil-Tainer, Kataman Metals, Latrobe Specialty Steel, London Metal Exchange, Material Works
Best Mergers & Acquisitions: Cliffs Natural Resources, Evraz Group, Grede Holdings, JMC Steel Group
Best Operational Improvements: AK Steel Corp., Coil-Tainer, GE Energy
Environmental Responsibility/Stewardship: AK Steel Corp., Coil Tainer, CSX, Essar, Steel Algoma, Material Works, North Star Bluescope Street, SA Recycling, Timken
Industry Ambassador/Advocate of the Year: Thomas J. Gibson, American Iron and Steel InstituteMario Longhi, GerdauDaniel R. DiMicco, NucorThomas Danjczek, Steel Manufacturers Association
Logistics/Transportation Provider of the Year: Alabama State Port Authority, Coil-Tainer, PLS Logistics Services
Service Center of the Year: Berlin Metals, Majestic Steel USA, Olympic Steel, Reliance Steel & Aluminum
Scrap Company of the Year: Cohen Brothers, Omnisource, SA Recycling, Schnitzer Steel Industries
Steel Producer of the Year: Gerdau, North Star Bluescope Steel, Steel Dynamics
The 2011 AMM Awards for Steel Excellence Dinner:
The 2011 AMM Awards for Steel Excellence finalists will be recognized at an exclusive awards dinner and celebration on June 21, 2011 at the Sheraton Hotel & Towers during the Steel Success Strategies XXVI Conference.
AMM Events: Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is included in the Registration Fee?The registration fee includes the admission to the approved conference, conference materials, access to the delegate messenger system and scheduled food and beverage functions.
2. What is not included in the Registration Fee?The hotel accommodation, incidentals, airport transfers and local transportation are not included in the price of the conference.
3. Delegate Registration Confirmation and InvoiceUpon completion of registration, delegates will receive an email with the details of their registration. Should you require an additional detailed itemization please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
4. Registration Payment by Credit CardPlease visit our website at www.amm.com/events to make a payment by credit card. Once on the AMM Events homepage please select the conference of interest and then click the registration button. Please complete all pertinent fields and be sure to include the delegates unique email address to ensure access to delegate messenger system. Delegate messenger system is only applicable to those who enter a unique email address. If you wish to register over the phone please call (212) 224-3577.
5. Incomplete PaymentTo pay your outstanding invoice over the phone please call (212) 224-3577. You must have your customer number when arranging payment in order for the money to be allocated against your invoice. Your customer number will begin with "MB" and is located at the top right hand corner of your invoice. If your balance has an outstanding amount due you will not have access to the Delegate Messenger System until payment is received.
6. ReceiptsOnce payment is received in full, you will automatically receive a confirmation/receipt to the email address given at registration.
8. Invitation Letter
10. CancellationCancellations received in writing before the cancellation deadline will qualify for a refund minus 10%. Please find the cancellation deadline on the events registration page. No refund or credit will be given on cancellations received after the cancellation. Delegate substitutions will be accepted. If no substitution is provided, a web link to download the speaker presentations will be forwarded to the registered email address after the event, providing the delegate has paid. Along with the conference presentation delegates will also have access to the delegate messenger system pre and post conference.
11. Conference Hotel Fully BookedRooms in the conference block are on a first-come basis, so please make reservations early. In the event the conference room block is sold out, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com if you are still seeking accommodations at the conference hotel.
13. Delegate Messenger System (DMS)This is a secure platform where delegates can communicate with each other pre and post conference. Full instructions and terms of use will be incorporated into your personal delegate messenger account. This service is only accessible once payment has been received. The DMS will be active two weeks prior to the start of the physical conference. The DMS will be available for two weeks after the physical conference concludes. Note that DMS is only accessible with current conference delegate exhibiting a zero payment balance. A welcome email will be sent with full instructions to successfully operate and navigate within the delegate messenger system. If you have additional queries regarding DMS please contact email@example.com.
14. Delegate ListThe information contained in the delegate list is privileged and confidential, and is intended only for the use of the intended recipient(s). Any review, use or distribution by others is prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please contact the sender by return e-mail and delete this message and all copies.
The delegate list will be given in the pre-conference email within one week of physical conference start date. An updated delegate list will be present as a hard copy at the event. The final delegate list will be available in the post conference email.
15. Presentations The information contained in the presentations is privileged and confidential, and is intended only for the use of the intended recipient(s). Any review, use or distribution by others is prohibited. If you have received this communication in error, please contact the sender by return e-mail and delete this message and all copies.
An email will be sent to you after the event informing you when the conference presentations are available. You must complete the short survey in order to download the presentations. Once you complete the survey and click submit you will be directed to the link. Speakers have the right to withhold any information previously presented at the event. Any presentations not currently on the website may not be uploaded at a later date as requested by the speaker.
16. Dress CodeBusiness attire is appropriate for all AMM events.
17. Sponsorship & ExhibitionIf you are interested in sponsoring or exhibiting at an American Metal Market Event please contact Mary Connors at email@example.com or (646) 274-6250.


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If you walk through the front door of Lamson Library today, you'll notice that something looks different than it did just a few years ago. It's not the building itself, but the way patrons are using it that's changed. And it's not just here at Plymouth State that this shift is taking place. In these high-tech times, where the Internet has become the information and research tool of choice for so many, library usage and reading habits in general are changing across the nation.
While millions of Americans do plenty of reading on the Internet, most of them aren't picking up a lot of books these days. A widely publicized report issued last summer by the National Endowment for the Arts reveals fewer than half of adult Americans read for enjoyment. In the literary fiction category, that figure is down more than 14 percent just since 1992, and among young adults 18 to 34 years old, the decline is accelerating faster than any other age group. It is in response to these evolving needs and preferences that Plymouth State is emerging as a national leader with both programs and technologies.
Last summer, the Writing Center services were expanded into the Writing and Reading Center. The Center moved to Lamson Library with the goal of enhancing campus-wide and community literacy, and that includes a special focus on developing lifelong reading habits. Using the University's very successful Writing Across the Curriculum program as a model, plans are under way to establish a Reading Across the Curriculum program that will be headquartered at the Center. The program has the potential to become a national model for promoting reading among college students, while also engaging local communities in literacy activities.
Books may not be flying off library shelves these days, but Lamson Library is still a bustling center of academic activity. With its new wireless capabilities, patrons no longer need to be tied to a computer terminal. Instead of isolated students working away in cubicles strewn with books, magazines and papers, more and more students can be seen in study groups clicking away on laptop computers. Through integration with PSU's myPlymouth portal, the access page to all secure online campus services, faculty can customize class reading lists with the WebCT course management system.
Authorized patrons now have 24-hour access to licensed information databases and the full menu of library services. Once signed in to myPlymouth, users have easy access to these services from both on and off campus without having to use any additional passwords. This single user sign-on integrates Lamson's Innovative Interfaces Library System with SCT Campus Pipeline that runs the myPlymouth portal. Depending on the task, there may be no need to leave home, office or dorm room.
"We refer to our library homepage as our 'cyberdoor'," explains Todd Trevorrow, director of the University library. "It's always open and it's one of the real miracles of the modern library. From that page, authenticated users have remote access to more than 10,000 searchable periodicals, many with downloadable full text. This access is especially important for many of our off-campus and non-traditional students who have limited time to travel back and forth to campus due to things like jobs and family commitments." The September 2004 edition of Inn-Touch, the national newsletter of Innovative Interfaces Inc., includes a special feature on Lamson's streamlined, single sign-on access and model automation system.
PSU Systems Librarian Elaine Allard and Library Systems Liaison Casey Bisson are the driving force behind Lamson's success with this portal integration. They first presented their work at the 2003 national meeting of Innovative Interfaces, Inc. in California. It generated so much interest, they have been asked to present a number of times since then. Says Trevorrow, "Plymouth State is one of only a handful of institutions in the nation to achieve this level of portal integration. While fewer books are leaving the library because of this expanded accessibility, overall library usage is exploding."
The libraries at University System of New Hampshire campuses are currently developing a proposal to establish a similar management system for digital collections. With such a system, historically significant collections of manuscripts, films, sheet music, photographs and other objects would be archived and catalogued. Collections too old and fragile to be made physically available for research would be searchable online by signed-in users. If the proposal is approved, digital collections management at Plymouth State University could be a reality in two years.
As technology makes information resources available to more people in faster and more convenient ways all the time, so too will it continue to influence the way students and other patrons use the library. So what about the books?
"The technology is wonderful," says Trevorrow, "and with it we're able to serve more people better than ever before. But there's one thing Lamson's real front door offers that our cyberdoor doesn't. When you step through it you're physically surrounded by centuries of knowledge, and you can hold it in your hands."
It's a singular inspiration, and we should all experience it every now and again.-KH
Editor's note: Sadly, just days after this article was written, Todd Trevorrow died in an automobile accident. He was devoted to his work at Plymouth State University, and was tremendously proud of the accomplishments of the faculty and staff of Lamson Library. He is greatly missed.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Assembling the Digital Sky
U.S. astronomers are gathering terabytes of data into a worldwide "virtual observatory" that will be accessible to scientists and laymen alike.
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Selena Gomez Gets Extra-Long Hair Extensions
Good-bye short hair!
Selena Gomez celebrated wrapping up her part in Spring Breakers with a hair makeover.
After stepping out on the orange carpet at the Kids' Choice Awards in L.A. Saturday with her shoulder-grazing haircut, Gomez, 19, went straight to her hair pro for a lengthier look.
"Spring Breakers is done now hair's done for the next movie!" she posted to her Instagram account Sunday after getting some long hair extensions put in at West Hollywood's Nine Zero One salon.
PHOTOS: Selena Gomez's sexy style
Credit: Steve Granitz/WireImage.com
Gomez, who took home the award for Favorite TV Actress at the 2012 KCAs, wasn't the only star to hit up the celebrity hair hotspot this week.
VOTE: Which celeb has the best hair in Hollywood?
Hilary Duff, who just gave birth to son Luca Cruz on March 20, rewarded herself with a beachy blowout at the salon on Thursday.
PHOTOS: Selena and Justin's cutest PDA-packed moments
"Just got my hair did from my girl Riawna Capri, thanks love! I'm feeling fresh! Heading back home to hang with munchkin :)" the 24-year-old posted to her Twitter, post-visit.


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Application Information
Scholarship Overview
This scholarship is for students of Native American and Alaskan Native descent who are enrolled or accepted part- or full-time at an accredited graduate school. To qualify for this scholarship, the applicant or one parent must be enrolled in their tribe and have documentation. Applicants should have a GPA between 2.5 and 3.5. Online courses and ABD (all but dissertation) are not eligible for this scholarship.
How easy is it to apply?
Not too bad
This scholarship's application process may have items such as essays that could take a couple hours.
How much competition is there?
The competition for this scholarship will be average.
GPA: Is this you?
- 2.5
Class Year: Is this you?
- College senior
- Master's-level study
- Doctoral-level study
Ethnicity: Is this you?
- American Indian or Native Alaskan


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The Barnstable Patriot will host two evenings of town council candidate debates on Monday, Oct. 3 and Tuesday, Oct. 4 starting at 7 p.m. both nights.
The schedule is still being worked out with candidates and will be published as soon as it is confirmed.
The Patriot has hosted candidate nights for local, county and state offices annually since 1998.
Click HERE to subscribe to e-mail updates from barnstablepatriot.com.
CONTACT US | The Barnstable Patriot | 4 Ocean Street | P.O. Box 1208 | Hyannis, MA 02601 | 508-771-1427 | Copyright © 2015 Local Media Group, All Rights Reserved.


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Supplementary Estimates, 1994. - Vote 34: Enterprise and Employment.
Wednesday, 27 April 1994
Dáil Éireann Debate
Minister for Finance (Mr. B. Ahern): I move:
That a supplementary sum not exceeding £1,225,000 be granted to defray the charge which will come in course of payment during the year ending on the 31st day of December, 1993, for the salaries and expenses of the Office of the Minister for Enterprise and Employment, including certain services administered by that Office, and for payment of certain subsidies, grants and grants-in-aid.
|Last Updated: 22/05/2011 02:11:24
|Page of 72


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COLUMBIA, S.C. - South Carolina assistant coach Sammy Esposito and strength and conditioning coach Billy Anderson will serve NCAA mandated one-game suspensions as a result of their ejections from South Carolina's May 12 baseball game against Georgia.
This suspension was a result of "personnel other than the head coach ejected for disputing, arguing and unsportsmanlike conduct."
Both will serve their suspension on May 14 for the South Carolina-Presbyterian game.


text: Videos Published On: Jun 22 2012 07:05:28 PM EDT Updated On: Jan 25 2013 11:28:55 AM EST Dispatcher gets 911 call from daughter Australia: Man drives into ocean trying to escape What Would Your Kid Do: Testing smoke detectors Tasty Tuesday: The Bridge Steve Garagiola tries to break Lions' soul-crushing curse Friday Football Frenzy: Southfield Lathrup vs. Hazel Park Large lizard found in Arizona Morning show moment: Rhonda left alone? Police investigating 2 shootings in Southwest Detroit Counterfeit medications could have deadly results Oregon farmers boast 1,997-pound pumpkin Video shows thieves at Detroit gas station Thrifty Thursday: Getting ready for Halloween Wellness Wednesday: stopping the spread of germs Searching 4 Justice: Family seeks justice for dad of 6 Friday Football Frenzy: Oak Park vs. Farmington Pet of the week: Ducati Massive trash pile plagues apartments in Detroit Halloween prank leads to several 911 calls More couples are spending less on weddings Live in the D: Picking the perfect cake Picture-day sweater tradition hits 3rd generation Parents of inmate who died in jail heartbroken Man jailed for ticket dies in custody 7 indicted in major herion ring drug bust Reel Talk: Steve Jobs, Pan Tasty Tuesday: Palate Could you survive getting shot? Moose melee caught on camera View More


text: With the arrival of circuit integrity cable, fire cable installers have a flexible alternative to traditional mineral insulated cable. On March 12, 1994, a fire broke out in a retirement community apartment in Deleware, Ohio. Smoke detectors located near the common area detected the fire, and the fire alarm systems actuated. However, the fire quickly impinged on the surface-mounted metal raceway and


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How Many People get Approved for Disability from Social Security?
The statistical information on social security disability approvals and denials tends to change a bit with regard to two considerations: time and location.
With regard to location, the approval and denial rates will differ from state to state (the social security administration's disability claim system is federal, yet you see noteworthy differences in outcome when comparing individual states, particularly "red" versus "blue" states).
With regard to time, its sufficient to say that the average national statistics change a bit over time. However, it's also safe to say that they don't change that much and so we can somewhat reliably continue to state that, on average, about one-third of all those who apply for disability will be approved for disability benefits at the initial claim level (the application for disability).
At the first appeal level, the request for reconsideration, about fifteen percent will be approved. And at the disability hearing level, roughly half will be approved; more specifically about forty percent who are not represented at the hearing will be approved and about sixty percent who are represented by a disability attorney or a non-attorney claimant's representative will be approved.
How does all of this translate? Let's construct a simple example. The example will, of course, rely on certain assumptions: that all denied claimants will decide to file the appeals they are eligible for and that no one will file a brand new claim in the mistaken assumption that this is the same thing as filing an appeal (sad, but it happens all the time).
1. 100 people apply for disability.
2. If 35 percent are approved at the initial claim level, then 35 of these individuals will be approved and 65 will be denied.
3. If the 65 who were denied decide to file their first appeal, a request for reconsideration, then approximately 10 of these individuals will be approved.
* At this point, the total of individuals, from the group of 100, that have been approved, numbers 45.
4. If the remaining 55 who were denied on their reconsideration appeal (65-10=55) decide to file their next appeal, the request for hearing before an administrative law judge, then manage to wait for their hearing to be scheduled, and then show up for the hearing (again, you'd be amazed at how many individuals do not show up for their hearing after waiting so long for one to be scheduled), then either 22 or 33 more individuals will be approved.
22 is the number of individuals who would be be approved if they went to their hearing without representation. 33 is the number of individuals who would be approved if they went to their hearing with representation (according to a federal statistic from recent years, claimants represented at hearings had a 62% percent likelihood of being approved for disability at a hearing if they had representation, which also translated to a fifty percent increased chance of being approved at a hearing if they had representation versus going to the hearing alone).
5. Add up the numbers and you get the following: of the original 100 applicants for disability, as many as 67 individuals were approved for disability. If you assume that everyone who went to a hearing had representation, then as many as 78 out of the original 100 applicants were approved for disability.
Now, is this example true to life? Not really. Why? Because some claimants give up along the way and do not file their appeals, some continually file new claims instead of filing appeals, some miss filing deadlines, some fail to show for their hearings, and some decide to "go it alone" at a hearing versus getting representation.
However, it does illustrate this one fact: if you get denied for disability, you stand an excellent chance of eventually being approved if you simply do not give up, i.e. you file your appeals and go to your disability hearing prepared.
Return to the Social Security Disability SSI Benefits Blog
Other Posts
Why Does Social Security Disability Get Denied?
Social Security Back Pay
How to get disability
How Much Can You get in Monthly Social Security Disability Benefits?
Disability Denied
Will you get Social Security Disability if you can't do your old job?
How often will social security review my disability claim ? (continuing disability review)
What do You do if You get Denied for Disability?


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For those who like to accomplish something significant every summer, put the high dive at Madison Park Beach on your list. Sure, you could just loll about on the beach, looking cool amid the swarms of other sun seekers. But then you'd never learn just how big of a splash (or how high-pitched of a squeal) you can make. E Madison Street & E Howe Street; seattle.gov/parks
Your Guide to the Best Summer Ever: Hide Away
There are 93 days between the summer solstice and the autumnal equinox—that's 93 official days of summer. But as experienced Seattleites, we know that number doesn't translate to 93 days of sun (we'd be thrilled just to break last year's record of 48 clear days in a row). That's why our summer guide offers ways to make the most of every summer day—rain or shine.


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May 14, 2008 2:56 PM
Quanta Computer, a Fortune Global 500 Company and the world's largest manufacturer of notebook computers, will be exhibiting the award-winning Syspine Digital Operator Phone System at NXTcomm08 (booth SL7109). Featuring Microsoft Response Point software, Syspine is designed specifically for small businesses.
The Syspine Digital Operator A50 is a single solution device that will connect up to eight standard telephone lines; it features a high-end, server-grade, fan-less design and can be installed anywhere. Businesses can add up to 50 individual Syspine IP310 business phones to create a complete, integrated small business phone system with no additional licensing fees.
Syspine's powerful voice-recognition system can be linked with a company's internal phone directory, as well as an individual's Microsoft Office Outlook address book. Programming manuals and laborious keystrokes have been eliminated with the powerful voice-activated user interface. The user simply presses the blue access button and says, "Call John Smith in shipping;" or, "Transfer to customer service;" or, "Call Mary Jones' cell phone," and the system does the rest. Transferring, parking and retrieving calls are similarly voice-activated.
And Syspine will become more powerful and even easier to use this summer when the feature update Service Pack 1 is added.(Booth SL7109)


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Michael Schumacher 'pretty happy' if Sebastian Vettel breaks records
Michael Schumacher says he would be "pretty happy" if Red Bull's Sebastian Vettel went on to break his world records of wins and world titles.
Schumacher quit F1 with seven titles and 91 wins. Vettel is on course to win a fourth consecutive championship this year and has 31 wins at the age of 26.
He said: "A friend of mine achieving it, it stays 'in the family'."
The 44-year-old said: "I always thought records were there to be broken," adding he believed his would be.
Schumacher's career
1969: Born 3 January
1991: Makes F1 debut in Belgium for Jordan team
1992: Third in championship for Benetton
1994: Wins first title for Benetton
1995: Second title
1996: Joins Ferrari
2000: First title for Ferrari
2001-04: Makes it five titles in a row
2006: Last win in China. Retires at end of the season
2010: Returns to F1 with Mercedes
2012: Announces retirement at end of the season
"I didn't have statistics in my mind when I was racing," Schumacher said. "It was always a consequence - a nice consequence. I enjoyed it but it wasn't the reason I was racing," said Schumacher, who was speaking in an exclusive interview with BBC F1's Lee McKenzie, which will be broadcast in the BBC One qualifying show on Saturday at 12:10 BST.
"There is no reason the limits I set will be different because the environment changes. We had 16 races; now there are 20 races. So it is easier to win more races in a season. People arrive [in F1] a lot younger so they have a longer time they can spend in F1."
He added that, as a result of this, records set in different eras are not necessarily comparable.
"It was different with [Juan Manuel] Fangio and myself. You cannot compare his five with the seven I achieved.
"I always made it clear that those achievements of Fangio are so unique, so special, because if you look at the cars, I have the greatest respect for what those guys are doing.
"I feel a bit guilty to have broken those records because I don't think I broke them. I just set my own benchmarks and they did theirs."
Schumacher quit F1 for a second time at the end of last season after Mercedes signed Lewis Hamilton to replace him.
The German made a comeback in 2010 after three years in retirement with the aim of winning the championship again, but managed only one podium finish in three years.
But although Mercedes have won three races this season, Schumacher said there was no element of frustration or regret that he was not still driving.
"I'm not missing being involved in the machinery of the competition of a full season of F1," he said.
"I wouldn't have had the energy for further years. I just was empty at the end. I have no regrets.
"People asked me whether I'm still good enough to be in F1 - whether I am as good as I used to be is another question, who can answer that?
"People probably now understand a little bit more what was my quality and what I have been capable of.
Schumacher in numbers
World championships: 7
Race wins: 91
Seasons in F1: 19
Points scored: 1,560
Points finishes: 220
Podiums: 155
"The difference was I had a three-year break and I wasn't that young coming back. But by the end of the three years my level was pretty much acceptable.
"People were expecting from a seven-time world champion more results than we were able to deliver.
"But if you look what we had in our hands [in terms of machinery], what we were able to play with, I wasn't capable to do more. That's what it is.
"To explain this is difficult and sometimes not important. What is important is the people you work with trust in you and believe in you and that's what I had."


text:
It's raining, it's pouring but we are still racing!
What was an ugly winter is now turning into an ugly spring. It appears that March could be setting record rainfall numbers for the region. This is just another reason why we are happy to be racing under roof!! Come join us for a little indoor go karting.


text: Markets Stocks Funds Sectors Tools Overview Market News Market Videos Currencies International Treasury & Bonds Search InvestCenter Recent Quotes View Full List My Watchlist Create Watchlist Indicators Dow Jones Industrial Average NASDAQ Composite Standard & Poors 500 NYSE COMPOSITE INDX Gold Crude Oil By: MarketMinute.com Stock News August 15, 2014 at 17:35 PM EDT Applied Materials tops estimates Applied Materials Inc. (Nasdaq: AMAT) reported higher third quarter earnings of 24 cents per share from 14 cents per share in the year ago period that topped analyst estimates. The stock price climbed $1.33 to close at $22.48. Related Stocks: Applied Materials Stock Market XML and JSON Data API provided by FinancialContent Services, Inc. Nasdaq quotes delayed at least 15 minutes, all others at least 20 minutes. Markets are closed on certain holidays. Stock Market Holiday List By accessing this page, you agree to the following Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions. Press Release Service provided by PRConnect. Stock quotes supplied by Six Financial Postage Rates Bots go here


text:
This photo is awaiting approval and will be posted soon.
Play our fun game and find out if the one you like likes you back. Confide in us if you think you'd hit it off by clicking: Yes, No, or Maybe. We'll anonymously find out and let you know if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You've already said YES! If the feeling is mutual, we'll let you both know.
You've already said No. If you've changed your mind, let us know. If you say Yes, we'll anonymously find out if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You've already said Maybe. If you've changed your mind, let us know. If you say Yes, we'll anonymously find out if the feeling is mutual. You have nothing to lose!
You both said YES! The feeling is mutual. Now the rest is up to you! Say Hi and get the conversation started.
So about me..I'd rather do than watch, I can't speak French and I can't do French braids (yet), I don't like French foods or French dressing, but I do watch the Tour de France and have been known to eat French Fries, French bread, French toast and French onion soup. I am in my element if I am up in the mountains (summer or winter), by the ocean (summer or winter), in the water, or at home chasing my kids around the house/yard. I love music and exercising and turn to either or both when my sanity starts to slip. I enjoy being active and outdoors and try to get some combination of skiing, hiking, camping, running, yoga, lifting, swimming in as often as possible, but sometimes it's not possible. I see my glass much more than half full and believe at some point it will be overflowing to the point where I even bought a towel to put under it. My first thought/response to most questions is sarcastic, my favorite scent is the smell of my daughter's hair after I have washed it and I really like people who have figured out who they are and what they want. I am attracted to down-to-earth, strong, caring, loving, optimistic, outdoor types, who have open minds and whose actions follow their words. I have 2 daughters (6 & 8) who are simply delicious and who make my world perfect.
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Spark Networks USA, LLC does not conduct background checks on the members or subscribers of this website. However, the safety and security of our members is our top priority. We urge all members to follow our online safety tips.
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text: 233 Wizardry Online Open Beta Ending on Jan 14 - Launch on Jan 16h By mike 997 days ago on Beta from www.mmorpg.com Discuss Favorite Wizardry Online's open beta is coming to an end in just a few days on January 14th. The servers will then go down to get ready for the launch which will take place two days later on January 16th. Wizardry Online 62 Reviews


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Hindu leader suggests death penalty for conversion
Catholic World News - November 09, 2011
A prominent Hindu nationalist leader has called for the beheading of anyone who attempts to convert Hindus to another religion.
Praveen Togadia, suggested the death penalty for religious conversions at a Hind conference, adding that the execution should be by decapitation. Father Cedric Prakash, the Jesuit director of a human-rights center, observed that such intolerance is not unusual in India today. "What Togadia has said is nothing new," he told the AsiaNews service. He observed, however, that the Hindu zealot's suggestion is thoroughly at odds with India's traditional commitment to inter-religious harmony.
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We compared microRNA expression patterns in three cisplatin resistant sublines derived from paternal cisplatin sensitive germ cell tumor cell lines in order to improve our understanding of the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance.
Three cisplatin resistant sublines (NTERA-2-R, NCCIT-R, 2102EP-R) showing 2.7-11.3-fold increase in drug resistance after intermittent exposure to increasing doses of cisplatin were compared to their parental counterparts, three well established relatively cisplatin sensitive germ cell tumor cell lines (NTERA-2, NCCIT, 2102EP). Cells were cultured and total RNA was isolated from all 6 cell lines in three independent experiments. RNA was converted into cDNA and quantitative RT-PCR was run using 384 well low density arrays covering almost all (738) known microRNA species of human origin.
Altogether 72 of 738 (9.8%) microRNAs appeared differentially expressed between sensitive and resistant cell line pairs (NTERA-2R/NTERA-2 = 43, NCCIT-R/NCCIT = 53, 2102EP-R/2102EP = 15) of which 46.7-95.3% were up-regulated (NTERA-2R/NTERA-2 = 95.3%, NCCIT-R/NCCIT = 62.3%, 2102EP-R/2102EP = 46.7%). The number of genes showing differential expression in more than one of the cell line pairs was 34 between NTERA-2R/NTERA-2 (79%) and NCCIT-R/NCCIT (64%), and 3 and 4, respectively, between these two cell lines and 2102EP-R/2102EP (about 27%). Only the has-miR-10b involved in breast cancer invasion and metastasis and has-miR-512-3p appeared to be up-regulated (2-3-fold) in all three cell lines. The hsa-miR-371-373 cluster (counteracting cellular senescence and linked with differentiation potency), as well as hsa-miR-520c/-520h (inhibiting the tumor suppressor p21) were 3.9-16.3 fold up-regulated in two of the three cisplatin resistant cell lines. Several new micro-RNA species missing an annotation towards cisplatin resistance could be identified. These were hsa-miR-512-3p/-515/-517/-518/-525 (up to 8.1-fold up-regulated) and hsa-miR-99a/-100/-145 (up to 10-fold down-regulated).
Examining almost all known human micro-RNA species confirmed the miR-371-373 cluster as a promising target for explaining cisplatin resistance, potentially by counteracting wild-type P53 induced senescence or linking it with the potency to differentiate. Moreover, we describe for the first time an association of the up-regulation of micro-RNA species such as hsa-miR-512-3p/-515/-517/-518/-525 and down-regulation of hsa-miR-99a/-100/-145 with a cisplatin resistant phenotype in human germ cell tumors. Further functional analyses are warranted to gain insight into their role in drug resistance.
Keywords:germ cell tumor cell line; cisplatin resistance; microRNA; gene expression
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II, CDDP) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in the treatment of several solid tumors, among them testicular cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and bladder cancer. Resistance to cisplatin is a serious obstacle to effective cancer therapy. Clinically relevant levels of resistance can emerge quickly after treatment. Beside intrinsic resistance, acquired or gradually developing resistance has been observed in tumors under therapy. Several mechanisms underlying resistance have been described, like decreased exposure to the drug, e.g. via reduced drug accumulation/drug-target interaction or increased detoxification response, diminished cell-cycle effects, reduced apoptotic responses, or increased DNA-repair [1,2]. A number of these biological processes are controlled on a post-transcriptional level by noncoding micro-RNA species. We created an in vitro model of acquired cisplatin resistance by long term exposure of three well established germ cell tumor cell lines to cisplatin, resulting in sublines with significantly increased resistance to cisplatin. The paternal cell lines are (1) the p53-wt (wild type) pluripotent gonadal germ cell tumor cell line NTERA-2, (2) the p53-mutated pluripotent extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor cell line NCCIT and (3) the p53-wt nullipotent embryonal cell carcinoma 2102EP, derived from a primary human testicular teratocarcinoma. NCCIT cells have previously been shown to have an approximately 4-fold higher IC50 to cisplatin, compared to NTERA-2 [3]. We utilized a quantitative RT-PCR (RTQ-PCR) based platform for detection of almost all currently known (738) human micro-RNA species on these 6 cell lines. Our approach was designed to characterize the role of micro-RNAs on the presumably multifactorial phenomenon of acquired cisplatin resistance in germ cell tumors.
1 Cell lines
Both chemo sensitive paternal 2102EP (PW Andrews, Sheffield, U.K.) and NCCIT (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) cells as well as their cisplatin resistant sublines were cultured in DMEM F12 (1:1) medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (Gibco-BRL, Invitrogen, U.K.). NTERA-2 (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany) and the cisplatin resistant subline were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with Glutamax-I (Gibco-BRL, Invitrogen, U.K.) containing 10% fetal calf serum (Gibco-BRL, Invitrogen, U.K.). Cells were incubated at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 and were passaged every 3-4 days. After trypsination of cultured cells from steady state conditions and at comparable cell density, aliquots containing 10 × 106 cells were transferred into 1 ml RNA-later solution and stored at -20°C. Three aliquots per cell line originating from different cell passages (n+2, n+4 and n+5) were processed and stored as described above.
2 Induction of cisplatin resistance
The cisplatin resistant sublines NTERA-2-R, 2102EP-R and NCCIT-R were generated by intermittent exposure of the parental cell lines to cisplatin over a time period of 18 month, starting with the respective IC10 dose of each parental cell line. At reaching 50% cell kill, the addition of cisplatin was interrupted and cells were allowed to recover over three passages. Analyses presented here were performed after maintaining the resistant sublines for at least 1 week in cisplatin-free medium to allow for an adequate wash-out period. Results of cytotoxicity experiments of all six cell lines using the MTT assay (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) have been published [4] The experiments were performed in 3 completely independent replicates for every cell line including generation of resistant cell lines, cell culture, RNA isolation and RTQ-PCR measurements.
3 RNA Isolation
Cells were transported on dry ice in RNA-later solution (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and stored at -80°C until use. After thawing the cells, they were disrupted using a denaturing lysis buffer, and RNA was isolated by combining organic extraction (phenol-chloroform) followed by immobilization of RNA on glass-fiber filters employing the mirVana miRNA Isolation Kit (Ambion, Applied Biosystem, Weiterstadt, Germany) in order to purify total RNA including small RNA species. Remaining DNA was digested on glass-fiber filters (RNase free DNase Set,Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), and after performing quality controls, RNA was stored at -80°C until analysis by RTQ-PCR.
To control the quality and purity (protein or DNA contamination) of isolated total RNA including small RNA, we performed spectral photometry, agarose gel electrophoresis, and PCR (using β-Actin primers). Only high quality total RNA including small RNA species was used for further experiments.
4 RTQ-PCR with "Low Density Array" (LDA)
Aliquots from each RNA sample (10 × 1 μg) were reversely transcribed without preamplification over three hours using the so called "Megaplex pools without preamplification protocol for microRNA expression analysis protocol". In a second step, the whole template cDNA and 450 μl 2x RT-PCR master mix were adjusted to a total volume of 900 μl by adding nuclease free water, and aliquots of 100 μl were pipetted into each fill port of a 384-well LDA. Cards were centrifuged twice (12,000 rpm, 1 min, Multifuge3S-R, Heraeus, Germany), sealed, transferred into the 7900 RTQ-PCR instrument and a specific RTQ-PCR protocol was run over two hours using the 384-well LDA format. Two different LDAs existed, thus covering 738 human micro-RNAs. This made it necessary to create two kinds of cDNAs suitable for each of both LDAs using different sets of primers.
Normalization was performed using the median gene expression on each LDA separately, because this proved to be the more robust and slightly more precise method compared to a normalization approach using a housekeeping micro-RNA species provided on the LDA (data not shown). The median gene expression was subtracted from the CT-value of each of the spotted genes, following the ∆CT-quantitative approach for normalization purposes. Normalized gene expression results of cisplatin-resistant cell lines were expressed relative to the genes measured in the paternal chemosensitive cell lines by subtracting the corresponding CT-values (∆∆CT-quantitative approach). As a result, differential gene expression of cisplatin-resistant cell lines was expressed as a several-fold up- or down regulation of micro-RNAs relative to their paternal chemo sensitive origin. These ratios of corresponding cell line pairs are expressed such as e.g. NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2. Only ratios ≥2/≤0.5 were considered to represent differentially expressed genes. All the materials and instruments used for RTQ-PCR were ordered from Applied Biosystems, Weiterstadt, Germany.
All technical procedures were performed in accordance to standard operating procedures (SOP) implemented in our laboratory in 2008 when the Institute became accredited according to DIN EN ISO 9001/2008.
5 Statistics
Statistical measures (e.g. coefficient of variation, CV and 25-75% quantiles) were computed using SAS (release 9.1.3, Cary NC, USA).
Intermittently culturing NTERA-2, 2102EP, and NCCIT cell lines exposed to increasing concentrations of cisplatin resulted in a 2.7 - 11.3 increase in IC50 to the substance, as measured by the MTT assay (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide). Whereas the IC50 values of the sensitive parental cell lines were 0.45 μM (+/-0.1 standard deviation, SD), 0.75 μM (+/- 0.1), and 1.75 μM (+/- 0.1), respectively, the three cisplatin resistant sublines exhibited IC50 values of 5.1 μM (+/- 0.1) in NTERA-2R, 4.9 μM (+/- 0.1) in 2102EP-R, and 4.7 μM (+/- 0.2 ) in NCCIT-R. Results of the cytotoxicity experiments have been reported elsewhere [4].
The coefficient of variation (CV, measure of standard deviation variability expressed in percent relative to the mean differential gene expression for each micro-RNA) was chosen to describe the observed methodological, intra- and interindividual variability of our three independently performed experiments. Mean CV values of differentially expressed genes and associated interquartile ranges appeared cell line dependent, showing increased mean CV values (25-75 percentile) starting at 25.3% (25-75 percentile: 15.7-29.0) in cell line pairs such as NCCIT-R/NCCIT, 30.5% (25-75 percentile: 18.5-36.3) in NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2, and 37.4% (25-75 percentile: 18.6-40.4) in 2102EP-R/2102EP cells (table 1). On average, mean CV did not exceed 30% (28.9%).
Table 1. Differential gene expression relative to the corresponding gene of the paternal cell line
About 30-45% of the 738 microRNAs examined showed CT-values within the linear dynamic range of the method (CT 7-29, data not shown). Altogether 72 of 738 genes appeared differentially expressed (table 2) with 43, 53 and 15 genes found in NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2, NCCIT-R/NCCIT and 2102EP-R/2102EP cell line pairs, respectively (figure 1). On average 72% of the genes were up-regulated in resistant compared to sensitive cells, a feature that was more prominent in NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 (41 of 43 genes, 95.3%) compared to NCCIT-R/NCCIT (33 of 53 genes, 62.3%) or even 2102EP-R/2102EP (7 of 15 genes, 46.7%) cell pairs (table 2). The number of down-regulated genes ranged from 4.7% in NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 (2 of 43 genes) to 37.7% in NCCIT-R/NCCIT (20 of 53 genes) and 53.3% in 2102EP-R/2102EP cell line pairs (8 of 15 genes). Thirty-four overlapping genes were found in the two pairs NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 (34 of 43 genes, 79%) and NCCIT-R/NCCIT (34 of 53 genes, 64%). The overlapping number of differentially expressed genes was only 5 between cell line pairs NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and 2102EP-R/2102EP, and 6 between NCCIT-R/NCCIT and 2102EP-R/2102EP (about 27%). Only hsa-miR-10b and has-miR-512-3p species were found to be up-regulated (2-8-fold) in all three cell lines.
Table 2. Differential gene expression relative to the corresponding gene of the paternal cell line.
Figure 1. Venn diagram on total number (in parenthesis) and overlapping number of differentially expressed genes calculated in cell line pairs consisting of the cisplatin-resistant (-R added to the paternal cell line's name) relative to the cisplatin-sensitive paternal cell line.
Taken together, NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and NCCIT-R/NCCIT shared the vast majority of their differentially altered micro-RNAs, whereas 2102EP-R/2102EP showed a rather different profile. A complete list of all detectable miRNA examined is provided as additional file (additional file 1: Table S1).
Additional file 1. Table S1: Complete list of all detectable miRNA examined. Differential gene expression relative to the corresponding gene of the paternal cell line - complete list of all detectable miRNAs examined (lying within the linear-dynamic range of our method)
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Our approach enabled us to investigate almost all currently known human micro-RNAs simultaneously. Quantitative RT-PCR was chosen because of it's recognized precision and superiority over other methods for gene expression analysis [5-7]. Our experiments were run in triplicate and on average revealed a CV <30% covering variability caused by methodological (mean CV <5%, data not shown), intra- and inter-individual sources (table 1). Since this CV is clearly below the definition of a two-fold threshold for differential gene expression, we are convinced that the results of our analysis represent true differences in micro-RNA expression between the cell line pairs.
Of 738 micro-RNA species examined, only 9.8% (72) appeared differentially expressed with considerable overlap in micro-RNA gene expression occurring between the cell line pairs NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and NCCIT-R/NCCIT, but considerably less overlap with the cell line pair 2102EP-R/2102EP cells (table 1).
Functionally, the most striking distinguishing feature between the cell lines NTERA-2 and NCCIT on the one hand, and 2102EP on the other hand is a difference in their capacity to differentiate. Whereas the former two lines can differentiate upon stimuli such as exposure to retinoid acid, the latter is nullipotent and is therefore devoid of alterations induced by processes of cellular differentiation [8]. Interestingly, there is increasing evidence for a link between cellular differentiation and resistance to chemotherapy in germ cell tumors, both in cell line models, as well as in primary tumor material, which seems to be linked to two microRNA clusters, namely miR371-373 and miR302 [9].
In contrast to many features shared by NTERA-2 and NCCIT, extragonadal NCCIT cells show a higher resistance level to cisplatin, compared to NTERA-2 [3]. In this context, the several fold-change differences measured in the micro-RNA cluster covering hsa-miR-371-373 is of interest. Based on our findings, hsa-miR-371-373 expression in NTERA-2-R increased 4.0-4.7-fold relative to the paternal cisplatin sensitive NTERA-2 line, and even more in NCCIT-R, relative to the cisplatin sensitive paternal NCCIT cells, showing an 12.0-16.3-fold upregulation, table 1. Noteworthy, this micro-RNA cluster has been discussed in the context of the presence of wild-type p53 in germ cell tumors, counteracting tumorigenesis by induction of senescence [2,10,11]. By up-regulation, the cluster prevents p53-driven cellular senescence via a plethora of target genes, e.g. NEO1 or LATS2 [2], therefore leading to cell proliferation even in the presence of wild-type p53. Furthermore, this cluster has been described in cells exhibiting stem cell properties [12]. Noteworthy, this cluster has recently been identified by other authors to be the most significant differentially expressed microRNA in human germ cell tumors [13]. Therefore, it appears a promising target for further analysis in germ cell tumors, e.g. by posttranscriptional silencing with siRNA, to examine the functional role of the cluster in altering gene expression and thereby elucidate it's contribution to the development of cisplatin resistance.
As already mentioned, there are other gene changes which have been discussed in the context of cisplatin resistance [2]. The tumor suppressor p21, regulating transition through the cell cycle and acting downstream of p53, has already been associated with hsa-miR520 belonging to the miR-106/302 family [14]. An increased expression of miR-106/302 family members inhibits the tumor suppressor p21 and rescues human mammary epithelial cells from Ras-induced senescence [14]. In our analysis, hsa-miR520c as well as hsa-miR520h were up-regulated (3.9-7.1-fold) in NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and NCCIT-R/NCCIT cell line pairs, which could point towards another mechanism counteracting senescence.
In an in vitro model of cisplatin resistance of a squamous cell carcinoma cell line, has-miR-21 was found to be down-regulated in cisplatin resistant cells [15]. In our cell line pairs, significant down-regulation of has-miR-21 was observed in NCCIT-R compared to sensitive NCCIT cells. Furthermore, hsa-miR-146a, a microRNA targeting BRCA1, was the most highly up-regulated microRNA in another in vitro model of cisplatin resistance of the breast cancer cell line MCF7 [16]. Similarly, both NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and NCCIT-R/NCCIT showed up-regulation in our analysis, yet to a lesser extent. However, has-miR-221, which was also highly up-regulated in cisplatin resistant MCF7 cells, was down-regulated in NCCIT-R and unaltered in the other two cell lines in our experiments, indicating that cisplatin resistance seems to be cell line or tumor type specific. In a lymphoblastic leucemia cell line overexpression of hsa-miR-125b conferred a survival advantage through inhibition of caspase 3 activation after exposure to a broad spectrum of apoptotic stimuli [17]. In our analysis, however, hsa-miR-125b appeared to be up to 5-fold down-regulated in NCCIT-R/NCCIT and 2102EP-R/2102EP cell line pairs, thus making an inhibition of apoptosis through this micro-RNA species unlikely.
According to our analysis, further micro-RNA species appeared either about 8-fold up-regulated (hsa-miR-512-3p/-515/-517/-518/-525) or about 10-fold down-regulated (hsa-miR-99a/-100/-145) in both NTERA-2-R/NTERA-2 and NCCIT-R/NCCIT cell line pairs. Literature results describing a role of these micro-RNAs in cisplatin resistance are missing, warranting further studies to elucidate their potential role in development of resistance.
Recently, a role of the miR-106b seed family members in cisplatin resistance of testicular cancer has been described by another group [18]. Although detectable, neither miRNA-106b, nor miRNA-106a, miRNA-17-5, miRNA-93, and miRNA-20 were differentially expressed in our model. In our view, this points at the multifactorial nature of cisplatin resistance in germ cell tumors.
In summary, our approach, simultaneously examining almost all known human micro-RNA species, confirms that the miR-371-373 cluster seems to be involved in cisplatin resistance in germ cell tumors in vitro and could be an interesting target for interference with drug resistance. Moreover, new micro-RNA species such as hsa-miR-512-3p/-515/-517/-518/-525 or hsa-miR-99a/-100/-145, also potentially involved in cisplatin resistance, could be identified in the germ cell tumor cell lines studied here. It will be of interest to examine tumor samples of patients with both cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant germ cell tumors to analyse whether the changes described here are also found in vivo. Furthermore, functional analyses, e.g. by employing si-RNA and simultaneous whole genome microarrays, can help to examine the causal link with cisplatin resistance and to get insight into the mRNA species controlled by the micro-RNAs.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
MP designed the study, analyzed results and drafted the manuscript. SG carried out experiments related to induction of cisplatin resistance and drafted the manuscript. CR carried out RTQ-PCR experiments and performed statistical analysis. AR carried out RTQ-PCR experiments and analyzed the results. CB participated in the design of the study and coordination. VM participated in the design of the study and coordination. FH was responsible for the induction of cisplatin resistance experiments, designed the study and drafted the manuscript. MA designed the study, was responsible for RTQ-PCR experiments, analyzed results, performed statistical analysis and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Acknowledgements and Funding
We would like to thank S. Senf for his thoughtful, carefully and accurately performed technical assistance. SG and FH were supported by a grant from Werner Otto Stiftung. This work was supported by the German Ministry of Defense.
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Gefen N, Binder V, Zaliova M, Linka Y, Morrow M, Novosel A, Edry L, Hertzberg L, Shomron N, Williams O, Trka J, Borkhardt A, Izraeli S: Hsa-mir-125b-2 is highly expressed in childhood ETV6/RUNX1 (TEL/AML1) leukemias and confers survival advantage to growth inhibitory signals independent of p53.
Leukemia 2010, 24:89-96. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text
Koster R, di Pietro A, Timmer-Bosscha H, Gibcus JH, van den Berg A, Suurmeijer AJ, Bischoff R, Gietema JA, de Jong S: Cytoplasmic p21 expression levels determine cisplatin resistance in human testicular cancer.
J Clin Invest 2010, 120:3594-3605. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | PubMed Central Full Text


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Love this so much! :) you are an amazing rockstar chic!!! You got it done and you rocked it out in the rain and had an amazing time!
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Sorry this is so late, it's been a busy weekend! Ok so I guess I have to do a recap of the race Saturday but since I've never did this before I probably will forget stuff. Woke up nice and early and had a couple cups of coffee and checked the weather before leaving and noticed a line of rain and storms headed our way but didn't think much about it. So we got to the race around 6:30 am. We went in to get our packets and Chuck proudly announced to the ladies there that this was my first race. After a fleeting second or two of embarrassment, Chuck was snapping pics left and right so one of the ladies took a picture of the two of us and wished me good luck and back out the door we went to put on our numbers and check out the shirts (very cool looking btw). Chuck was on a learning curve with number pinning since he never had to do it before but after a couple of attempts he got it right. Then the rain hit so we hung out in the car and waited for the worst to be over which didn't take but 5 minutes or so. We wondered over to start line and listened to the announcements while a nice light rain fell then we heard what sounded like a big balloon popping and everyone took off. Guess they had an invisible starter pistol because I never saw anything. We hung back and let the crowd stream forward then the race was on. We did 1 minute of running to 1 minute of walking for a bit then slowed it down to 2 min walking/1 min running for the middle part of the race. Chuck was cracking jokes the whole way. We hit the split road because they were also doing a 10K for this race and headed to the right as most of the crowd headed left. At this point I thought we were last but was surprised to see over a dozen people still headed to the halfway point as we ran around the cone and headed back to the finish. Of course I knew we weren't going at mach speed when the winners of the 10K passed us like we were standing still but we cheered them on as we made our way back. Met up with an older runner (probably in her 60's) who was cooling down and got to chatting with her for a few. She said I was doing great and was almost there so "pick it up and get it done" and I did. As we headed into the last couple turns, Chuck said "ok let's pick someone to pass before the finish line" so we picked a couple that we had been playing leap frog with the whole time and set off to leave them in the dust before the finish. We rounded the last bend with the finish line in sight and took off in a sprint….passing not only them but a couple others too!! We ended up beating our target couple by 16 seconds!! It felt great and I was ready to go again!! Can't wait to do another one now :)
I know...isn't that so much fun:) Nice that you two could do it together...really cool. I remember how nervous I was at the first race back in April...I remember starting at the back of the pack and then little by little was passing people...I remember thinking "good Lord where is the 1 mile mark" ..lol..and then once I passed that..it 1.5 then the turnaround..then 2 and then the finish was in sight....AWESOME work Kim...and just a warning...it's addicting...lol


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A 2-minute walk from Cherating Beach, this Eastana Cherating Beach Resort features traditional Malay chalets with a private terrace and free Wi-Fi at the lobby.
Eastana Cherating Beach Resort is less than 500 metres from Cherating Turtle Sanctuary and Limbong Art, which offers batik courses. The Eastana Cherating Beach Resort is a 20-minute drive from Kuantan Town and 41 km from Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Airport.
The short distance of walking to the beach and the great view of the sea. The Eastana Cherating Beach Resort located near to beach, just few minute walk from resort. Right in next to Cherating Town. Calm, quiet environment and having very nice facilities.
Distances from the property's location to the places of Interest are calculated in a straight line and are displayed to the nearest 0.1 kilometer or 0.1 mile.


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From the left are Graciela Tiscareño-Sato, CEO and Founder of Gracefully Global Group LLC; Dana L. Niemela, MSW, Coordinator of the Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Program, Denver, Co.; Erica Borggren, Director of the Illinois Department of Veterans' Affairs; Coral Wong Pietsch, Judge, United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, Honolulu, Hi.; Sonia Jo Kendrick, Founder of Feed Iowa First, Hiawatha, Iowa; Stacey Young-McCaughan, Director of Research for the STRONG STAR Consortium, Llano, Texas; Army Col. Rich Morales, Executive Director, Joining Forces; Ellen Houlihan, Vice-Chair, Board of Directors, West Point Association of Graduates, Allen, Texas; Gina S. Farrisee, VA's Assistant Secretary for Human Resources and Administration; Elisa Basnight, Director of VA's Center for Women Veterans; Mary Johanna Forbes, Assistant Director for Veterans Services for the Washington State Department of Veterans Affairs; Martha Daniel, President and CEO Information Management Resources, Inc., Aliso Viejo, Calif. Not pictured is Deborah Scott Thomas, Founder, President & Chief Executive Officer of Data Solutions & Technology, Inc., Edgewater, Md.
On Tuesday, March 25, 2014 the White House honored ten leaders who are "Women Veteran Leader Champions of Change." The event recognized women Veteran industry leaders, highlighting their incredible contributions to our nation's business, public, and community service sectors.
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The Champions of Change program was created as an opportunity for the White House to feature individuals doing extraordinary things to empower and inspire members of their communities. The event was moderated by The Honorable Gina S. Farrisee, Assistant Secretary, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and Elisa Basnight, JD, MPA, Director of the Center for Women Veterans, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.


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"I don't think my posts jn this thread have really been very "strong or deep " or in your face."No, Katharina, they're not. And apologies for my strong reaction. My bone of contention really isn't directed at you or any one individual (except maybe for Clelland whose name I mentioned) -- but really the notion in general that the weight of other people's gear or how they pack should be anybody else's business at all!!My view is that hiking can be viewed as a sport or a hobby or anything else in between. If SUL quest tickles the person, then go for it. OTOH, if comfort is more important, that's fine too.We are all free to give advice (I certainly do my part here), but we should then back off and just let the person do his own picking and choosing. I feel there is a lot of "hang up" about comparing, challenging and defending -- when really, these should be personal choices.
Edited by ben2world on 03/28/2011 12:43:08 MDT.
Maybe this thread helped answer the other "When is light, light enough""When you can't go any lighter without having to share gear."
I think the idea of sharing gear is great but in practice it just doesn't always work for every trip, leaving people needing to make sure they have a self-sufficient kit as their planning standard. I think you need to really trust and know a partner to feel safe and secure about having shared items outside of your direct control.BTW, I don't think Katharina's posts were in your face at all.
Edited by evanrussia on 03/28/2011 12:29:14 MDT.
Sorry to be the one to steer back to the original question, but in my experience I travel slightly lighter when solo. It's a personal thing for me but when I share gear (as I always do when traveling with my wife, sometimes with friends) I usually end up with a larger, heavier shelter, heavier stove, larger cook pot, more water storage. Some ounces lost by sharing, some gained with the heavier gear. I always end up with the shelter and stove/cookset in my pack.The heavier gear isn't necessary of course but it just seems to work better for me/us when in a small group, especially when cooking for more than two and/or sharing food and water.Of course the exception to this was at the BPL meet up when I was solor but sharing beer, duraflame log, candy, and couldn't find half of my solo gear the night before when I decided to go :) BTW Katharina, we love our hats. Will try to post a photo on your other thread soon...
I don't think I am being defensive about our shared gear. I agree there may be a few ounces for me to save if we share a few things. There just isn't that much we could share that would save me any weight. I figure I did him a favor by getting us a tarp we can both sleep under. Saved him 12lbs -- 6lbs for the tent we used to share and another 6lbs for the heavy pack he brought to carry the tent. I brought the tarp and carried it myself as incentive for him to try it. Then he liked the light load so much he bought a Lunar Duo so he could go back to having a tent AND still go lighter. Weight went up from the tarp but I only have to carry half the Lunar Duo so I broke even.After the tent and the stove/fuel (where we'd have to add bowls or share a big pot and race each other through our meal) what's left? He carries the maps/GPS. We often share the Aquamira. I go without TP. Neither of us brings much in the way of first-aid and it's been nice in the past if I run out of bandaids if he's got some extras. Etc.I also feel like my pack is pretty darn light enough. I'm to the point where I can toss in a 1lb musical instrument to have a little something to do or even a hard-back book and not really care.If we go to the Sierra we'll definitely figure out a way to share the bear canister, though. Whatever it takes so I don't have to carry it is my thinking, even if I have to carry the whole Lunar Duo plus all his pills, potions, pillows and things. :)
When out with others I am completely self sufficient and would not have it any other way. Even if some think it is redundant ie extra stove, first aid, shelter etc. I hike my own hike and I am self sufficient. As for others that I hike with, they are the same. The only time when I share gear is when my wife hikes with me. She might take the tent, and I take all the food, bear cannister, water treatment, cooking stuff etc. In fact that is usually all she will carry and I do the rest. Turns out our baseweight for a trip is around 10 pounds each.
Well, I for one always share gear with my boyfriend, who is my hiking partner. We share tent, water filter, stove, cook kit, first aid kit. I do make him carry his own toilet paper, I'm not sharing that! We always hike together, and wouldn't consider one going out if the other had to stay behind anyway. The one time I went out on an overnight without him, I did share the tent with my friend, but everything else we brought duplicates of. Both my boyfriend and I just got started again hiking after years and years away, and it was a natural extension of our togetherness to share, as we were purchasing all new equipment anyway. You just make up your mind that you are sharing and part of a team, and that's that. The one time I went with a friend without Bill, she is *not* a lightweight hiker, and carries way heavier gear than I. If she wants to carry her heavier stuff, fine, but I already carry too much weight by anyone's opinion on this list, so I wasn't willing to share her heavy stuff, and she thinks my lightweight stuff can't be as good or as sturdy or reliable. I think a lot of people on this forum get used to other people not jiving with the lightweight philosophy. But when you are depending on what you carry to keep you healthy and safe, you want stuff you trust. And if you don't carry much anyway, who wants to share the partner's heavy stuff?
When I hike solo my pack weighs less than when hiking in a group of two or more and sharing gear. I typically hike with a partner and share gear for 80% of my time outdoors. One supplies and carries the shelter and the other supplies and carries the kitchen/stove/fuel. We each carry our own breakfast and lunch and share dinners.When solo I prefer not to cook and get by with much less shelter so my pack weighs less - about 1 to 2 lbs. I can see why others would like to be self sufficient but I haven't ever had a problem sharing equipment with someone else and I like the long night time conversations or "tent talk" that are a result of sharing a shelter.
I hiked with the same partner for 15 years. We shared water filtration, shelter, first aid, stove, food bag, food, navigation, knife, fire lighting, spare batteries. It was great.
What an utterly surreal thread. Katharina asks a practical question about the possibility of going lighter by not bringing along duplicate items that can easily be shared, and in response you get mostly answers that seem to reflect a strong aversion to being challenged about going alone. How weird. Katharina's question is a very legitimate and classical example of the original UL's rigorous approach to looking at what you are carrying. That means challenging your personal notions of what is "standard" and "right" and, without letting your emotions dictate how you will lighten your load, you cut everything out that is unnecessary. Katharina is asking if it is possible to go even lighter than what has now become the conventional UL thinking in terms of what to bring. If we are to be true UL enthusiasts don't we owe it to ourselves to reevaluate the comfort zone we've now made into the de facto technique? The question is, and that all of us asked VERY rigorously when UL first started, how can we go lighter still? What about my gear, my methods of traveling, my attitude is hindering the process of going as light as is safely possible? I think we are honest and allow Katharina's original query to soak into our brains and make us think: is it possible to go even lighter than we've done until now as solo walkers by sharing with others?I don't see how this question has the slightest thing to do with whether or not you love to go solo. If you prefer solo, more power to you! But without properly dressing down a solo gear list compared to a shared gear list we can't know for sure which is ultimately lighter. I mean, doesn't the rule that you weigh everything before making assumptions still apply here? Or do our emotional hangups somehow magically change the steps we apply to a newbie's gear list?mountaineers have shared gear for ages ... no 2 person climbing team that ive heard of brings up 2 stoves or 2 tents ... at least not if they are going fast n lightThis is what I was trying to highlight with my original reference to mountaineers. In high altitude mountaineering, when you go in a team of two or more, you don't have the luxury of thinking only of yourself. Everyone in the group must think of the others in the group or you put everyone in danger. You cannot bring anything superfluous and so you very rigorously cut down anything redundant or unnecessary. You don't carry two tents when one can do... you just change your attitude about being in close quarters with people you wouldn't normally be in close quarters with. This is a cultural thing, too, and one that American males, in particular, (but far less American females) have a very hard time overcoming... the idea of touching another male makes them extremely uncomfortable, let alone sleeping in close quarters with each other. Japanese men don't have this problem, and I'd venture to say that a lot of southern European men also don't have this problem. This makes it much easier for them to share things like a small shelter in comfort, without feeling their space is being invaded or their sexual identity is in question. Other things like stove, food, fuel, sleeping bag, emergency and repair kits, larger water container, and yes even items of clothing can all be shared (I think any many cases, but not all of course, women tend to have less problems with sharing things like clothes). And by reducing the redundant and superfluous, more weight can be eliminated.Thing is, how many of you can step beyond your present comfort zone and back away from cultural taboos and consider learning to look at your attitudes and seeing how they contribute to the weight in your pack? As Eric said, mountaineers have long done this. Why not us UL walkers, too?
Edited by butuki on 03/28/2011 19:05:11 MDT.
Miguel:I think I would just stick to a "here's how" approach -- versus pushing and incessantly asking "why not". The first approach is educational and might even be an eye opener for us. The second approach gets burdened with emotions / judgments and gets nowhere.
A few people understood what I was saying.I did not even go so far as to advocate sharing or telling people what to do. I pointed out that if minimizing weight is the goal than sharing should at least be looked at with honesty and an open mind. ps In my 500 posts I have not once told someone they don't need to bring something or to leave some gear at home. A few that have protested my suggesting to take a look at this, have very recently told others :" This is all you need ", " You don't need that" and more.
" burdened with emotions / judgments and gets nowhere."It does not have to be that way, particularly in a situation where no one tried to make themselves look any better, or wiser or smarter. I thought I made that clear almost ad nauseam.
Edited by Kat_P on 03/28/2011 19:31:16 MDT.
Katharina:Again, not directed at you. I think what I am saying is this: for those who want to explore how they can shave weight by sharing gear, perhaps they should simply state so, type out their gear list, and ask for real life, practical suggestions. Or simply just ask people for ideas. My two cents...there is no need to get into the "philosophy side" of things at all.Speaking for myself, phrases like "I want to challenge others..." or "the Japanese do it so why shouldn't you" are non starters.
Ben, I think that if anyone re read all my posts on this thread, in sequence, they might actually get where I am coming from.And this IS the Philosophy and technique thread.edited to substitute "anyone" for "Ben".
Edited by Kat_P on 03/28/2011 19:48:58 MDT.
I think perhaps this thread started as a challenge toward lighter by all means, which was a "challenge to the stautus quo". The issue is that many of us are no longer concerned by lighter weights, there are individual reasons that keep us from going even lighter. I have a heavy mat because I value a good night sleep more than 8 fewer oz. Or I add bottle pockets to keep from having to stop during the day. We all make trade-offs and I suspect that many of us are comfortable with where were at weight wise. The shared gear is no different. Having a slightly lighter pack in order to share gear has no benefit to me and several negatives. But then again..... I usually hike alone and have my pack sitting waiting to walk out the door.Kat, keep challenging the status quo!
I think perhaps this thread started as a challenge toward lighter by all meansYEEEEEEESSSSSSSSSS
"Ben, I think that if anyone re read all my posts on this thread, in sequence, they might actually get where I am coming from."Katharina:I just re-read every one of your posts. The only thing factual that I gleaned is this: A group can reduce its total gear weight by sharing certain gear pieces than if everyone carries his her own gear, all to the point of individual self sufficiency.I agree with that. It smacks of good, practical sense. And yes, I also agree that if members of a group are in true pursuit of absolute minimalism, then sharing gear to pare down even more weight makes perfect sense.Where you (and Miguel) lose me is your "missionary phase". Having introduced the philosophy, why not then introduce (or solicit) practical techniques -- to the potential benefit of all? Whatever reason(s) that keep people from actually sharing and squeezing out that last bit of weight -- who really cares?? And if their "reasons" sound like "excuses" to you -- so what??I compare this to TP evangelization (I can use this example because I myself got carried away and am as guilty as anyone here for "pushiness"). It's one thing to post the advantages of not using TP -- just as it is for posting about the advantages of sharing gear. What really isn't OK (and this is where I got carried away) is to incessantly pound the advantages into other people -- and when they still recoil at the idea -- to then belittle their reasons as "excuses".If people don't wish to share gear or to leave their TP at home, why ask why? And why push? And why tell them it's just excuses or cultural hangup's that they need to overcome if they truly see themselves as UL minimalists?EDIT: I should add that if people decide not to share gear at the end -- it doesn't mean they don't see the advantages. They probably do. It's just that per their calculations, they see even more advantages (whatever they are) by continuing to carry all their own gear -- including a good supply of TP. I remind myself that I need to respect all that. And so what if they are not "true" minimalists?
Edited by ben2world on 03/28/2011 20:14:42 MDT.
No incessant pounding of any advantages was done. Period. I continually premised my dismissing any excuses ( not belittling, as I pointed out I feel very much the same about being independent, probably more than most here, on a daily basis), as merely adopting the language and and method used when critiquing gear lists.I have no hope that you will get this now, but my point was, if you are among those that tell others to leave gear at home and not get comfy and all that.......then how do you deal with the fact that merely weight wise, you might be better off sharing.
"my point was, if you are among those that tell others to leave gear at home and not get comfy and all that.......then how do you deal with the fact that merely weight wise, you might be better off sharing."I get it, Katharina. No one is 100% logical and 0% non-self-contradicting. Your pushiness is that you really, really, really want them to admit this self-contradiction. And I guess my questions are, "why and who cares, and why be so intent on beating this out of them"? To me, it took away almost all usefulness out of this thread. My two cents.
Edited by ben2world on 03/28/2011 20:18:26 MDT.
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Arts: Central
In 1928, there were colleges offering students courses in things like painting and sculpture—but certainly not for credit. Dance was something young ladies did on special occasions; classical music and art were to be appreciated, but their contemporary descendants were more or less neglected on American campuses. The arts were generally deemed worthy of study, but creativity itself was consigned to the margins of education.
Sarah Lawrence was different.
"A conspicuous place in the program…will be given to the fine arts," the first Sarah Lawrence catalogue announced. "If any subjects are to be 'required' in this new sort of college, they should be chosen from the field of fine arts."
Why this insistence on art? Twenty-two years later, President (then Dean) Esther Raushenbush gave this answer: "It is not to create painters or to provide emotional release. It is to help students discover what the world looks like, to help them to see and understand what they see. Its discipline, as rigorous as the discipline of logic or mathematics, is the means by which many students learn new ways of thinking about experience."
For 75 years, Sarah Lawrence has refused to forfeit the essential meaning of imaginative experience. Many an undergraduate's schedule has included in-depth study in the creative and performing arts; programs in dance, theatre and writing are major components of Graduate Studies. "No one can deny the enormous power of the arts in our lives," President Michele Myers has said. "The creation of art, and our response to it, is a discourse on ideas."