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Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.; Wasserman, Harvey J.
IThe National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the primary computing center for the DOE Office of Science, serving approximately 4,000 users and hosting some 550 projects that involve nearly 700 codes for a wide variety of scientific disciplines. In addition to large-scale computing resources NERSC provides critical staff support and expertise to help scientists make the most efficient use of these resources to advance the scientific mission of the Office of Science. In May 2011, NERSC, DOE's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) and DOE's Office of Nuclear Physics (NP) held a workshop to characterize HPC requirements for NP research over the next three to five years. The effort is part of NERSC's continuing involvement in anticipating future user needs and deploying necessary resources to meet these demands. The workshop revealed several key requirements, in addition to achieving its goal of characterizing NP computing. The key requirements include: 1. Larger allocations of computational resources at NERSC; 2. Visualization and analytics support; and 3. Support at NERSC for the unique needs of experimental nuclear physicists. This report expands upon these key points and adds others. The results are based upon representative samples, called "case studies," of the needs of science teams within NP. The case studies were prepared by NP workshop participants and contain a summary of science goals, methods of solution, current and future computing requirements, and special software and support needs. Participants were also asked to describe their strategy for computing in the highly parallel, "multi-core" environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years. The report also includes a section with NERSC responses to the workshop findings. NERSC has many initiatives already underway that address key workshop findings and all of the action items are aligned with NERSC strategic plans.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Gerber, Richard A.; Wasserman, Harvey
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the leading scientific computing facility for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, providing high-performance computing (HPC) resources to more than 3,000 researchers working on about 400 projects. NERSC provides large-scale computing resources and, crucially, the support and expertise needed for scientists to make effective use of them. In November 2009, NERSC, DOE's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), and DOE's Office of High Energy Physics (HEP) held a workshop to characterize the HPC resources needed at NERSC to support HEP research through the next three to five years. The effort is part of NERSC's legacy of anticipating users needs and deploying resources to meet those demands. The workshop revealed several key points, in addition to achieving its goal of collecting and characterizing computing requirements. The chief findings: (1) Science teams need access to a significant increase in computational resources to meet their research goals; (2) Research teams need to be able to read, write, transfer, store online, archive, analyze, and share huge volumes of data; (3) Science teams need guidance and support to implement their codes on future architectures; and (4) Projects need predictable, rapid turnaround of their computational jobs to meet mission-critical time constraints. This report expands upon these key points and includes others. It also presents a number of case studies as representative of the research conducted within HEP. Workshop participants were asked to codify their requirements in this case study format, summarizing their science goals, methods of solution, current and three-to-five year computing requirements, and software and support needs. Participants were also asked to describe their strategy for computing in the highly parallel, multi-core environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years. The report includes a section that describes efforts already underway or planned at NERSC that address requirements collected at the workshop. NERSC has many initiatives in progress that address key workshop findings and are aligned with NERSC's strategic plans.
Studying the energy efficiency of large-scale computer systems requires models of the relationship
Rivoire, Suzanne
Abstract Studying the energy efficiency of large-scale computer systems requires models-node clusters using embedded, laptop, desktop, and server processors. These results demonstrate the need usage and power consumption. Therefore, a substantial body of literature models system-level power
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard; Wasserman, Harvey
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the leading scientific computing facility supporting research within the Department of Energy's Office of Science. NERSC provides high-performance computing (HPC) resources to approximately 4,000 researchers working on about 400 projects. In addition to hosting large-scale computing facilities, NERSC provides the support and expertise scientists need to effectively and efficiently use HPC systems. In February 2010, NERSC, DOE's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) and DOE's Office of Basic Energy Sciences (BES) held a workshop to characterize HPC requirements for BES research through 2013. The workshop was part of NERSC's legacy of anticipating users future needs and deploying the necessary resources to meet these demands. Workshop participants reached a consensus on several key findings, in addition to achieving the workshop's goal of collecting and characterizing computing requirements. The key requirements for scientists conducting research in BES are: (1) Larger allocations of computational resources; (2) Continued support for standard application software packages; (3) Adequate job turnaround time and throughput; and (4) Guidance and support for using future computer architectures. This report expands upon these key points and presents others. Several 'case studies' are included as significant representative samples of the needs of science teams within BES. Research teams scientific goals, computational methods of solution, current and 2013 computing requirements, and special software and support needs are summarized in these case studies. Also included are researchers strategies for computing in the highly parallel, 'multi-core' environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years. NERSC has strategic plans and initiatives already underway that address key workshop findings. This report includes a brief summary of those relevant to issues raised by researchers at the workshop.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences: Target 2017
Gerber, Richard
Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences: Target 2017 Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences: Target and Context DOE's Fusion Energy Sciences program
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
simulations of fusion and energy systems with unprecedentedRequirements for Fusion Energy Sciences 14 General and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences
Impacts of Array Configuration on Land-Use Requirements for Large-Scale Photovoltaic Deployment in the United States: Preprint
Denholm, P.; Margolis, R. M.
Land use is often cited as an important issue for renewable energy technologies. In this paper we examine the relationship between land-use requirements for large-scale photovoltaic (PV) deployment in the U.S. and PV-array configuration. We estimate the per capita land requirements for solar PV and find that array configuration is a stronger driver of energy density than regional variations in solar insolation. When deployed horizontally, the PV land area needed to meet 100% of an average U.S. citizen's electricity demand is about 100 m2. This requirement roughly doubles to about 200 m2 when using 1-axis tracking arrays. By comparing these total land-use requirements with other current per capita land uses, we find that land-use requirements of solar photovoltaics are modest, especially when considering the availability of zero impact 'land' on rooftops. Additional work is need to examine the tradeoffs between array spacing, self-shading losses, and land use, along with possible techniques to mitigate land-use impacts of large-scale PV deployment.
Impacts of Array Configuration on Land Use Requirements for Large-Scale Photovoltaic Deployment in the United States
Denholm, P.; Margolis, R. M.
Land use is often cited as an important issue for renewable energy technologies. In this paper we examine the relationship between land-use requirements for large-scale photovoltaic (PV) deployment in the U.S. and PV-array configuration. We estimate the per capita land requirements for solar PV and find that array configuration is a stronger driver of energy density than regional variations in solar insolation. When deployed horizontally, the PV land area needed to meet 100% of an average U.S. citizen's electricity demand is about 100 m{sup 2}. This requirement roughly doubles to about 200 m{sup 2} when using 1-axis tracking arrays. By comparing these total land-use requirements with other current per capita land uses, we find that land-use requirements of solar photovoltaics are modest, especially when considering the availability of zero impact 'land' on rooftops. Additional work is need to examine the tradeoffs between array spacing, self-shading losses, and land use, along with possible techniques to mitigate land-use impacts of large-scale PV deployment.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Biological and Environmental Research
DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program Office BER,
climate and earth system models, based on theoreticalemerging class of Earth System Models that include detailedof integrated earth system model predictions requires
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Biological and Environmental Research
DOE Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research Program Office (BER),
In May 2009, NERSC, DOE's Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR), and DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) held a workshop to characterize HPC requirements for BER-funded research over the subsequent three to five years. The workshop revealed several key points, in addition to achieving its goal of collecting and characterizing computing requirements. Chief among them: scientific progress in BER-funded research is limited by current allocations of computational resources. Additionally, growth in mission-critical computing -- combined with new requirements for collaborative data manipulation and analysis -- will demand ever increasing computing, storage, network, visualization, reliability and service richness from NERSC. This report expands upon these key points and adds others. It also presents a number of"case studies" as significant representative samples of the needs of science teams within BER. Workshop participants were asked to codify their requirements in this"case study" format, summarizing their science goals, methods of solution, current and 3-5 year computing requirements, and special software and support needs. Participants were also asked to describe their strategy for computing in the highly parallel,"multi-core" environment that is expected to dominate HPC architectures over the next few years.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences: Target 2017
Gerber, Richard
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) is the primary computing center for the DOE Office of Science, serving approximately 4,500 users working on some 650 projects that involve nearly 600 codes in a wide variety of scientific disciplines. In March 2013, NERSC, DOE?s Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) and DOE?s Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) held a review to characterize High Performance Computing (HPC) and storage requirements for FES research through 2017. This report is the result.
Large scale disease prediction
Schmid, Patrick R. (Patrick Raphael)
The objective of this thesis is to present the foundation of an automated large-scale disease prediction system. Unlike previous work that has typically focused on a small self-contained dataset, we explore the possibility ...
Data mining techniques for large-scale gene expression analysis
Palmer, Nathan Patrick
Modern computational biology is awash in large-scale data mining problems. Several high-throughput technologies have been developed that enable us, with relative ease and little expense, to evaluate the coordinated expression ...
Large scale tracking algorithms.
Hansen, Ross L.; Love, Joshua Alan; Melgaard, David Kennett; Karelitz, David B.; Pitts, Todd Alan; Zollweg, Joshua David; Anderson, Dylan Z.; Nandy, Prabal; Whitlow, Gary L.; Bender, Daniel A.; Byrne, Raymond Harry
Low signal-to-noise data processing algorithms for improved detection, tracking, discrimination and situational threat assessment are a key research challenge. As sensor technologies progress, the number of pixels will increase signi cantly. This will result in increased resolution, which could improve object discrimination, but unfortunately, will also result in a significant increase in the number of potential targets to track. Many tracking techniques, like multi-hypothesis trackers, suffer from a combinatorial explosion as the number of potential targets increase. As the resolution increases, the phenomenology applied towards detection algorithms also changes. For low resolution sensors, "blob" tracking is the norm. For higher resolution data, additional information may be employed in the detection and classfication steps. The most challenging scenarios are those where the targets cannot be fully resolved, yet must be tracked and distinguished for neighboring closely spaced objects. Tracking vehicles in an urban environment is an example of such a challenging scenario. This report evaluates several potential tracking algorithms for large-scale tracking in an urban environment.
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Scienceand Requirements RecentlyElectronicResourcesjobs Running jobs Quick Instructions forRunning
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Expense: 1 Reclamation 44,585,384 Western 59,400,596 Total O&M Expense 103,985,980 Purchase Power Expense: Custom Product and Supplemental Power 2 209,685,496 209,685,496...
Visualization of Large-Scale Distributed Data
Johnson, Andrew
that are now considered the "lenses" for examining large-scale data. THE LARGE-SCALE DATA VISUALIZATIONVisualization of Large-Scale Distributed Data Jason Leigh1 , Andrew Johnson1 , Luc Renambot1 representation of data and the interactive manipulation and querying of the visualization. Large-scale data
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature11727 Large-scale nanophotonic phased array
Reif, Rafael
and astronomy1 . The ability to generate arbi- trary radiation patterns with large-scale phased arrays has long been pursued. Although it is extremely expensive and cumbersome to deploy large-scale radiofrequency of the nanoantennas pre- cisely balanced in power and aligned in phase to generate a designed, sophisticated radiation
Measuring and tuning energy efficiency on large scale high performance computing platforms.
Laros, James H., III
Recognition of the importance of power in the field of High Performance Computing, whether it be as an obstacle, expense or design consideration, has never been greater and more pervasive. While research has been conducted on many related aspects, there is a stark absence of work focused on large scale High Performance Computing. Part of the reason is the lack of measurement capability currently available on small or large platforms. Typically, research is conducted using coarse methods of measurement such as inserting a power meter between the power source and the platform, or fine grained measurements using custom instrumented boards (with obvious limitations in scale). To collect the measurements necessary to analyze real scientific computing applications at large scale, an in-situ measurement capability must exist on a large scale capability class platform. In response to this challenge, we exploit the unique power measurement capabilities of the Cray XT architecture to gain an understanding of power use and the effects of tuning. We apply these capabilities at the operating system level by deterministically halting cores when idle. At the application level, we gain an understanding of the power requirements of a range of important DOE/NNSA production scientific computing applications running at large scale (thousands of nodes), while simultaneously collecting current and voltage measurements on the hosting nodes. We examine the effects of both CPU and network bandwidth tuning and demonstrate energy savings opportunities of up to 39% with little or no impact on run-time performance. Capturing scale effects in our experimental results was key. Our results provide strong evidence that next generation large-scale platforms should not only approach CPU frequency scaling differently, but could also benefit from the capability to tune other platform components, such as the network, to achieve energy efficient performance.
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Guide Webinar
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Webinar introduces the "Large Scale Renewable Energy Guide." The webinar will provide an overview of this important FEMP guide, which describes FEMP's approach to large-scale renewable energy projects and provides guidance to Federal agencies and the private sector on how to develop a common process for large-scale renewable projects.
Conundrum of the Large Scale Streaming
T. M. Malm
The etiology of the large scale peculiar velocity (large scale streaming motion) of clusters would increasingly seem more tenuous, within the context of the gravitational instability hypothesis. Are there any alternative testable models possibly accounting for such large scale streaming of clusters?
Streamflow forecasting for large-scale hydrologic systems
Awwad, Haitham Munir
STREAMFLOW FORECASTING FOR LARGE-SCALE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEMS A Thesis by HAITHAM MUNIR AWWAD Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas AkM University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May... 1991 Major Subject: Civil Engineering STREAMFLOW FORECASTING FOR LARGE-SCALE HYDROLOGIC SYSTEMS A Thesis by HAITHAM MUNIR AWWAD Approved as to style and content by: uan B. Valdes (Chair of Committee) alph A. Wurbs (Member) Marshall J. Mc...
Challenges in large scale distributed computing: bioinformatics.
Disz, T.; Kubal, M.; Olson, R.; Overbeek, R.; Stevens, R.; Mathematics and Computer Science; Univ. of Chicago; The Fellowship for the Interpretation of Genomes (FIG)
The amount of genomic data available for study is increasing at a rate similar to that of Moore's law. This deluge of data is challenging bioinformaticians to develop newer, faster and better algorithms for analysis and examination of this data. The growing availability of large scale computing grids coupled with high-performance networking is challenging computer scientists to develop better, faster methods of exploiting parallelism in these biological computations and deploying them across computing grids. In this paper, we describe two computations that are required to be run frequently and which require large amounts of computing resource to complete in a reasonable time. The data for these computations are very large and the sequential computational time can exceed thousands of hours. We show the importance and relevance of these computations, the nature of the data and parallelism and we show how we are meeting the challenge of efficiently distributing and managing these computations in the SEED project.
DLFM library tools for large scale dynamic applications.
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DLFM library tools for large scale dynamic applications DLFM library tools for large scale dynamic applications Large scale Python and other dynamic applications may spend huge...
Microfluidic Large-Scale Integration: The Evolution
Quake, Stephen R.
Microfluidic Large-Scale Integration: The Evolution of Design Rules for Biological Automation, polydimethylsiloxane Abstract Microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) refers to the develop- ment of microfluidic, are discussed. Several microfluidic components used as building blocks to create effective, complex, and highly
Toward Improved Support for Loosely Coupled Large Scale Simulation Workflows
Boehm, Swen [ORNL] [ORNL; Elwasif, Wael R [ORNL] [ORNL; Naughton, III, Thomas J [ORNL; Vallee, Geoffroy R [ORNL] [ORNL
High-performance computing (HPC) workloads are increasingly leveraging loosely coupled large scale simula- tions. Unfortunately, most large-scale HPC platforms, including Cray/ALPS environments, are designed for the execution of long-running jobs based on coarse-grained launch capabilities (e.g., one MPI rank per core on all allocated compute nodes). This assumption limits capability-class workload campaigns that require large numbers of discrete or loosely coupled simulations, and where time-to-solution is an untenable pacing issue. This paper describes the challenges related to the support of fine-grained launch capabilities that are necessary for the execution of loosely coupled large scale simulations on Cray/ALPS platforms. More precisely, we present the details of an enhanced runtime system to support this use case, and report on initial results from early testing on systems at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Program Management for Large Scale Engineering Programs
Oehmen, Josef
The goal of this whitepaper is to summarize the LAI research that applies to program management. The context of most of the research discussed in this whitepaper are large-scale engineering programs, particularly in the ...
Large Scale Periodicity in Redshift Distribution
K. Bajan; M. Biernacka; P. Flin; W. Godlowski; V. Pervushin; A. Zorin
We review the previous studies of galaxies and quasar redshifts discretisation. We present also the investigations of the large scale periodicity, detected by pencil--beam observations, which revealed 128 (1/h) Mpc period, afterwards confirmed with supercluster studies. We present the theoretical possibility of obtaining such a periodicity using a toy-model. We solved the Kepler problem, i.e. the equation of motion of a particle with null energy moving in the uniform, expanding Universe, decribed by FLRW metrics. It is possible to obtain theoretically the separation between large scale structures similar to the observed one.
Rationale Support for Maintenance of Large Scale Systems Janet E. Burge and David C. Brown
Brown, David C.
of developing the software in the first place [19]. One reason for this is that the software lifecycle is a long and expensive phases of the software life-cycle. Maintenance is especially difficult for large-scale systems maintenance, we are developing the SEURAT (Software Engineering Using RATionale) system to support
Large-Scale Manifold Learning Ameet Talwalkar
California at Irvine, University of
Large-Scale Manifold Learning Ameet Talwalkar Courant Institute New York, NY ameet on spectral decom- position, we first analyze two approximate spectral decom- position techniques for large-dimensional embeddings for two large face datasets: CMU-PIE (35 thousand faces) and a web dataset (18 million faces). Our
Network Coding for Large Scale Content Distribution
Keinan, Alon
Network Coding for Large Scale Content Distribution IEEE Infocom 2005 Christos Gkantsidis College propose a new scheme for content distribution of large files that is based on network coding. With network coding, each node of the distribution network is able to generate and transmit encoded blocks
Computational Diagnostics based on Large Scale Gene
Spang, Rainer
Computational Diagnostics based on Large Scale Gene Expression Profiles using MCMC Rainer Spang = Data Loadings Singular values Expression levels of super genes, orthogonal matrix #12;)( genessuperall- #12;Given the Few Profiles With Known Diagnosis: · The uncertainty on the right model is high
Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemi...
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Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale...
Sandia Energy - Computational Fluid Dynamics & Large-Scale Uncertainty...
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& Large-Scale Uncertainty Quantification for Wind Energy Home Highlights - HPC Computational Fluid Dynamics & Large-Scale Uncertainty Quantification for Wind Energy Previous Next...
Overcoming the Barrier to Achieving Large-Scale Production -...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
Overcoming the Barrier to Achieving Large-Scale Production - A Case Study Overcoming the Barrier to Achieving Large-Scale Production - A Case Study This presentation summarizes the...
Overcoming the Barrier to Achieving Large-Scale Production -...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Semprius Confidential 1 Overcoming the Barriers to Achieving Large-Scale Production - A Case Study From concept to large-scale production, one manufacturer tells the story and...
Optimal Selection of AC Cables for Large Scale Offshore Wind Farms
Hu, Weihao
Optimal Selection of AC Cables for Large Scale Offshore Wind Farms Peng Hou, Weihao Hu, Zhe email@example.com, email@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract--The investment of large scale offshore wind farms is high the operational requirements of the offshore wind farms and the connected power systems. In this paper, a new cost
1 National Roadmap Committee for Large-Scale Research Facilities the netherlands' roadmap for large-scale research facilities
Horn, David
#12;1 National Roadmap Committee for Large-Scale Research Facilities the netherlands' roadmap for large-scale research facilities #12;2 National Roadmap Committee for Large-Scale Research Facilities1 by Roselinde Supheert) #12;3 National Roadmap Committee for Large-Scale Research Facilities The Netherlands
Large-Scale PV Integration Study
Lu, Shuai; Etingov, Pavel V.; Diao, Ruisheng; Ma, Jian; Samaan, Nader A.; Makarov, Yuri V.; Guo, Xinxin; Hafen, Ryan P.; Jin, Chunlian; Kirkham, Harold; Shlatz, Eugene; Frantzis, Lisa; McClive, Timothy; Karlson, Gregory; Acharya, Dhruv; Ellis, Abraham; Stein, Joshua; Hansen, Clifford; Chadliev, Vladimir; Smart, Michael; Salgo, Richard; Sorensen, Rahn; Allen, Barbara; Idelchik, Boris
This research effort evaluates the impact of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) and distributed generation (DG) output on NV Energy's electric grid system in southern Nevada. It analyzes the ability of NV Energy's generation to accommodate increasing amounts of utility-scale PV and DG, and the resulting cost of integrating variable renewable resources. The study was jointly funded by the United States Department of Energy and NV Energy, and conducted by a project team comprised of industry experts and research scientists from Navigant Consulting Inc., Sandia National Laboratories, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and NV Energy.
Autonomie Large Scale Deployment | Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels DataDepartment of Energy Your Density Isn't Your Destiny: The FutureComments fromof Energy Automation Worldof EnergyTAGS,Large Scale
Membraneless hydrogen bromine laminar flow battery for large-scale energy storage
Braff, William Allan
Electrochemical energy storage systems have been considered for a range of potential large-scale energy storage applications. These applications vary widely, both in the order of magnitude of energy storage that is required ...
Potential Climatic Impacts and Reliability of Very Large-Scale Wind Farms
Wang, Chien
Meeting future world energy needs while addressing climate change requires large-scale deployment of low or zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission technologies such as wind energy. The widespread availability of wind power has ...
Large-scale Intelligent Transporation Systems simulation
Ewing, T.; Canfield, T.; Hannebutte, U.; Levine, D.; Tentner, A.
A prototype computer system has been developed which defines a high-level architecture for a large-scale, comprehensive, scalable simulation of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) capable of running on massively parallel computers and distributed (networked) computer systems. The prototype includes the modelling of instrumented ``smart`` vehicles with in-vehicle navigation units capable of optimal route planning and Traffic Management Centers (TMC). The TMC has probe vehicle tracking capabilities (display position and attributes of instrumented vehicles), and can provide 2-way interaction with traffic to provide advisories and link times. Both the in-vehicle navigation module and the TMC feature detailed graphical user interfaces to support human-factors studies. The prototype has been developed on a distributed system of networked UNIX computers but is designed to run on ANL`s IBM SP-X parallel computer system for large scale problems. A novel feature of our design is that vehicles will be represented by autonomus computer processes, each with a behavior model which performs independent route selection and reacts to external traffic events much like real vehicles. With this approach, one will be able to take advantage of emerging massively parallel processor (MPP) systems.
Large-scale simulations of reionization
Kohler, Katharina; /JILA, Boulder /Fermilab; Gnedin, Nickolay Y.; /Fermilab; Hamilton, Andrew J.S.; /JILA, Boulder
We use cosmological simulations to explore the large-scale effects of reionization. Since reionization is a process that involves a large dynamic range--from galaxies to rare bright quasars--we need to be able to cover a significant volume of the universe in our simulation without losing the important small scale effects from galaxies. Here we have taken an approach that uses clumping factors derived from small scale simulations to approximate the radiative transfer on the sub-cell scales. Using this technique, we can cover a simulation size up to 1280h{sup -1} Mpc with 10h{sup -1} Mpc cells. This allows us to construct synthetic spectra of quasars similar to observed spectra of SDSS quasars at high redshifts and compare them to the observational data. These spectra can then be analyzed for HII region sizes, the presence of the Gunn-Peterson trough, and the Lyman-{alpha} forest.
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) |...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) Renewable energy projects larger than 10 megawatts (MW) are...
BLM and Forest Service Consider Large-Scale Geothermal Leasing...
and Forest Service Consider Large-Scale Geothermal Leasing BLM and Forest Service Consider Large-Scale Geothermal Leasing June 18, 2008 - 4:29pm Addthis In an effort to encourage...
FEMP Helps Federal Facilities Develop Large-Scale Renewable Energy...
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
FEMP Helps Federal Facilities Develop Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects FEMP Helps Federal Facilities Develop Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects August 21, 2013 - 12:00am...
Large scale test rig for flow visualization and leakage measurement of labyrinth seals
Broussard, Daniel Harold
LARGE SCALE TEST RIG FOR FLOW VISUALIZATION AND LEAKAGE MEASUREMENT OF LABYRINTH SEALS A Thesis by DANIEL HAROLD BROUSSARD Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of requirements for degree... of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 1991 Major Subject: Mechanical Engineering LARGE SCALE TEST RIG FOR FLOW VISUALIZATION AND LEAKAGE MEASUREMENT OF LABYRINTH SEALS A Thesis by DANIEL HAROLD BROUSSARD Approved as to style and content by: David L. Rhode...
Theoretical Tools for Large Scale Structure
J. R. Bond; L. Kofman; D. Pogosyan; J. Wadsley
We review the main theoretical aspects of the structure formation paradigm which impinge upon wide angle surveys: the early universe generation of gravitational metric fluctuations from quantum noise in scalar inflaton fields; the well understood and computed linear regime of CMB anisotropy and large scale structure (LSS) generation; the weakly nonlinear regime, where higher order perturbation theory works well, and where the cosmic web picture operates, describing an interconnected LSS of clusters bridged by filaments, with membranes as the intrafilament webbing. Current CMB+LSS data favour the simplest inflation-based $\\Lambda$CDM models, with a primordial spectral index within about 5% of scale invariant and $\\Omega_\\Lambda \\approx 2/3$, similar to that inferred from SNIa observations, and with open CDM models strongly disfavoured. The attack on the nonlinear regime with a variety of N-body and gas codes is described, as are the excursion set and peak-patch semianalytic approaches to object collapse. The ingredients are mixed together in an illustrative gasdynamical simulation of dense supercluster formation.
Optimal operation of large-scale power systems
Lee, K.Y.; Ortiz, J.L.; Mohtadi, M.A.; Park, Y.M.
This paper presents a method for an optimal operation of large-scale power systems similar to the one utilized by the Houston Lighting and Power Company. The main objective is to minimize the system fuel costs, and maintain an acceptable system performance in terms of limits on generator real and reactive power outputs, transformer tap settings, and bus voltage levels. Minimizing the fuel costs of such large-scale systems enhances the performance of optimal real power generator allocation and of optimal power flow that results in an economic dispatch. The gradient projection method (GPM) is utilized in solving the optimization problems. It is an iterative numerical procedure for finding an extremum of a function of several variables that are required to satisfy various constraining relations without using penalty functions or Lagrange multipliers among other advantages. Mathematical models are developed to represent the sensitivity relationships between dependent and control variables for both real- and reactive-power optimization procedures; and thus eliminate the use of B-coefficients. Data provided by the Houston lighting and Power Company are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedures.
Probing the imprint of interacting dark energy on very large scales
Duniya, Didam; Maartens, Roy
The observed galaxy power spectrum acquires relativistic corrections from lightcone effects, and these corrections grow on very large scales. Future galaxy surveys in optical, infrared and radio bands will probe increasingly large wavelength modes and reach higher redshifts. In order to exploit the new data on large scales, an accurate analysis requires inclusion of the relativistic effects. This is especially the case for primordial non-Gaussianity and for extending tests of dark energy models to horizon scales. Here we investigate the latter, focusing on models where the dark energy interacts non-gravitationally with dark matter. Interaction in the dark sector can also lead to large-scale deviations in the power spectrum. If the relativistic effects are ignored, the imprint of interacting dark energy will be incorrectly identified and thus lead to a bias in constraints on interacting dark energy on very large scales.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Gerber, Richard A.
Type Ia supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, X-ray bursts and corerelativistic jet, making a gamma-ray burst, the luminositythose that lead to gamma-ray bursts. The current frontier is
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.
proceedings of High Performance Computing – 2011 (HPC-2011)is manager of High-Performance Computing group in the ITDensity Physics high-performance computing High Performance
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy...
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Biological and Environmental Science (BER) Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) High Energy Physics (HEP) Nuclear Physics (NP) Overview Published Reports Case Study FAQs Home Science at...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Gerber, Richard A.
second resulting from a thermonuclear explosion of materialresult from the thermonuclear burning of a carbon-oxygensensitive to how the thermonuclear runaway is ignited (
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.
in the process of thermonuclear incineration of theircore-collapse and thermonuclear events to test predictionsprocesses. In contrast to thermonuclear supernova modeling,
Large Scale Production Computing and Storage Requirements for...
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research. Final Report PDF version Date and Location April 29-30, 2014 Hyatt Regency Bethesda One Bethesda Metro Center (7400 Wisconsin Ave) Bethesda, Maryland, USA 20814...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics
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for Nuclear Physics: Target 2014 NPFrontcover.png May 26-27, 2011 Hyatt Regency Bethesda One Bethesda Metro Center (7400 Wisconsin Ave) Bethesda, Maryland, USA 20814 Final...
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.
fusion, vortices in the crusts of neutron stars, and even dynamics in nonnuclear systems such as cold
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.
Physics Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility, isas the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF)
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics Research
Gerber, Richard A.
neutrino matrix. Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments,process called neutrinoless double beta decay in nuclei,
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy...
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SciencesAn BES ASCR NERSC WorkshopFebruary 9-10, 2010... Read More Workshop Logistics Workshop location, directions, and registration information are included here......
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Gerber, Richard A.
number modeling of type ia supernovae. I. Hydrodynamics.number modeling of type ia supernovae. II. Energy evolution.Mach number modeling of type ia supernovae. III. Reactions.
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Advanced Scientific
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShade LandscapingComputing
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShade LandscapingComputing
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Biological and
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShade
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Biological and
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShadeEnvironmental Research:
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShadeEnvironmental
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShadeEnvironmental Large
Large Scale Production Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)Integrated Codes |Is Your Home asLCLSLaboratoryRowland toShadeEnvironmental
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOEThe Bonneville PowerCherries 82981-1cnHigh SchoolIn12electron 9 5 - -/e),,sand CERNLandLargefor High Energy
Atypical Behavior Identification in Large Scale Network Traffic
Best, Daniel M.; Hafen, Ryan P.; Olsen, Bryan K.; Pike, William A.
Cyber analysts are faced with the daunting challenge of identifying exploits and threats within potentially billions of daily records of network traffic. Enterprise-wide cyber traffic involves hundreds of millions of distinct IP addresses and results in data sets ranging from terabytes to petabytes of raw data. Creating behavioral models and identifying trends based on those models requires data intensive architectures and techniques that can scale as data volume increases. Analysts need scalable visualization methods that foster interactive exploration of data and enable identification of behavioral anomalies. Developers must carefully consider application design, storage, processing, and display to provide usability and interactivity with large-scale data. We present an application that highlights atypical behavior in enterprise network flow records. This is accomplished by utilizing data intensive architectures to store the data, aggregation techniques to optimize data access, statistical techniques to characterize behavior, and a visual analytic environment to render the behavioral trends, highlight atypical activity, and allow for exploration.
Decomposition Methods for Large Scale LP Decoding
that have extreme reliability requirements. While suitably ...... parity-check codes. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 74(0):97–104, 2003.
Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy...
Strategies to Finance Large-Scale Deployment of Renewable Energy Projects: An Economic Development and Infrastructure Approach Jump to: navigation, search Tool Summary LAUNCH TOOL...
Efficient random coordinate descent algorithms for large-scale ...
(will be inserted by the editor). Efficient random coordinate descent algorithms for large-scale structured nonconvex optimization. Andrei Patrascu · Ion Necoara.
Optimization Online - Large-Scale Linear Programming Techniques ...
Michael Wagner
Feb 12, 2002 ... Large-Scale Linear Programming Techniques for the Design of Protein Folding Potentials. Michael Wagner (mwagner ***at*** odu.edu)
ORNL, CINCINNATI partner to develop commercial large-scale additive...
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Laboratory 865-574-7308 ORNL, CINCINNATI partner to develop commercial large-scale additive manufacturing system (From left) David Danielson, the Energy Department's...
A Distribution Oblivious Scalable Approach for Large-Scale Scientific...
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Distribution Oblivious Scalable Approach for Large-Scale Scientific Data Processing June 12, 2013 Problem Statement: Runtimes of scientific data processing (SDP) methods vary...
Advancing Cellulosic Ethanol for Large Scale Sustainable Transportation
Wyman, C
Advancing Cellulosic Ethanol for Large Scale SustainableHydrogen Batteries Nuclear By Lee Lynd, Dartmouth Ethanol •Ethanol, ethyl alcohol, fermentation ethanol, or just "
Large Scale GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Geothermal...
Scale GSHP as Alternative Energy for American Farmers Geothermal Project Jump to: navigation, search Last modified on July 22, 2011. Project Title Large Scale GSHP as Alternative...
ORNL demonstrates first large-scale graphene fabrication | ornl...
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Ron Walli Communications 865.576.0226 ORNL demonstrates first large-scale graphene composite fabrication ORNL's ultrastrong graphene features layers of graphene and polymers and is...
Optimization Online - A fictitious play approach to large-scale ...
Theodore Lambert
Aug 1, 2004 ... A fictitious play approach to large-scale optimization. Theodore Lambert (tlambert ***at*** tmcc.edu) Marina A. Epelman (mepelman ***at*** ...
Effects of Volcanism, Crustal Thickness, and Large Scale Faulting...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
of Volcanism, Crustal Thickness, and Large Scale Faulting on the Development and Evolution of Geothermal Systems: Collaborative Project in Chile Effects of Volcanism, Crustal...
Solving large scale polynomial convex problems on \\ell_1/nuclear ...
Aharon Ben-Tal
Oct 24, 2012 ... Solving large scale polynomial convex problems on \\ell_1/nuclear norm balls by randomized first-order algorithms. Aharon Ben-Tal (abental ...
Climate impacts of a large-scale biofuels expansion*
Climate impacts of a large-scale biofuels expansion* Willow Hallgren, C. Adam Schlosser, Erwan impacts of a large-scale biofuels expansion Willow Hallgren,1 C. Adam Schlosser,1 Erwan Monier,1 David March 2013. [1] A global biofuels program will potentially lead to intense pressures on land supply
Measuring Similarity in Large-scale Folksonomies Giovanni Quattrone1
Ferrara, Emilio
Measuring Similarity in Large-scale Folksonomies Giovanni Quattrone1 , Emilio Ferrara2 , Pasquale by power law distributions of tags, over which commonly used similarity metrics, in- cluding the Jaccard to capture similarity in large-scale folksonomies, that is based on a mutual reinforcement principle: that is
Attack Containment Framework for Large-Scale Critical Infrastructures
Nahrstedt, Klara
Attack Containment Framework for Large-Scale Critical Infrastructures Hoang Nguyen Department-- We present an attack containment framework against value-changing attacks in large-scale critical structure, called attack container, which captures the trust behavior of a group of nodes and assists
Bak-Jensen, Birgitte
of offshore wind farms, wind power fluctuations may introduce several challenges to reliable power system behaviour due to natural wind fluctuations. The rapid power fluctuations from the large scale wind farms Generation Control (AGC) system which includes large- scale wind farms for long-term stability simulation
Large-Scale Eucalyptus Energy Farms and Power Cogeneration1
Standiford, Richard B.
Large-Scale Eucalyptus Energy Farms and Power Cogeneration1 Robert C. Noronla2 The initiation of a large-scale cogeneration project, especially one that combines construction of the power generation supplemental fuel source must be sought if the cogeneration facility will consume more fuel than
Scalable Cache Memory Design for Large-Scale SMT Architectures
Mudawa, Muhamed F.
Scalable Cache Memory Design for Large-Scale SMT Architectures Muhamed F. Mudawar Computer Science in existing SMT and superscalar processors is optimized for latency, but not for bandwidth. The size of the L1 is not suitable for future large-scale SMT processors, which will demand high bandwidth instruction and data
Automating large-scale LEMUF calculations
Picard, R.R. (Los Alamos National Lab., Los Alamos, NM (US))
To better understand material unaccounted for (MUFs) and, in some cases, to comply with formal regulatory requirements, many facilities are paying increasing attention to software for MUF evaluation. Activities related to improving understanding of MUFs are generic (including the identification, by name, of individual measured values and individual special nuclear material (SNM) items in a data base, and the handling of a wide variety of accounting problems) as well as facility-specific (including interfacing a facility's data base to a computational engine and subsequent uses of that engine). Los Alamos efforts to develop a practical engine are reviewed and some of the lessons learned during that development are described in this paper.
Information Delivery in Large Wireless Networks with Minimum Energy Expense
Wang, Wenye
transmission paths [8], [9]. By spending the energy resources in a wireless network wisely, the existingInformation Delivery in Large Wireless Networks with Minimum Energy Expense Yi Xu and Wenye Wang in large-scale multihop wireless networks because of the limited energy supplies from batteries. We
Stabilization of Large Scale Structure by Adhesive Gravitational Clustering
Thomas Buchert
The interplay between gravitational and dispersive forces in a multi-streamed medium leads to an effect which is exposed in the present note as the genuine driving force of stabilization of large-scale structure. The conception of `adhesive gravitational clustering' is advanced to interlock the fairly well-understood epoch of formation of large-scale structure and the onset of virialization into objects that are dynamically in equilibrium with their large-scale structure environment. The classical `adhesion model' is opposed to a class of more general models traced from the physical origin of adhesion in kinetic theory.
SEQUENCING TECHNOLOGIES Microdroplet-based PCR enrichment for large-scale
Rosenberg, Noah
. Genet. 22 Oct 2009 (doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.09.017) In casecontrol association studies, imputation.1126/science.1181498) Genome sequencing for large-scale population-based studies requires technologies generated in this study is expected to be a useful resource for examining the molecular characteristics
Microfluidic very large scale integration (mVLSI) with integrated micromechanical valves{
Quake, Stephen R.
Microfluidic very large scale integration (mVLSI) with integrated micromechanical valves{ Ismail40258k Microfluidic chips with a high density of control elements are required to improve device and accessible high-density microfluidic chips, we have fabricated a monolithic PDMS valve architecture
Critical Perspectives on Large-Scale Distributed Applications and Production Grids
Weissman, Jon
not progressed in phase. Progress in the next phase and generation of distributed applications will require that can seamlessly utilize distributed infrastructures in an extensible and scalable fashion. We believeCritical Perspectives on Large-Scale Distributed Applications and Production Grids Shantenu Jha1
Identification of Market Power in Large-Scale Electric Energy Markets Bernard C. Lesieutre
Identification of Market Power in Large-Scale Electric Energy Markets Bernard C. Lesieutre Hyung and competitive operation of centrally- dispatched electricity markets. Traditional measures for market power demand and reserve requirements, a centrally-dispatched electricity market provides a transparent
Optimization and Large Scale Learning Optimization lies at the heart of almost every machine
Optimization and Large Scale Learning Optimization lies at the heart of almost every machine these facets requires optimization techniques tailored to not only respect them but to ag- gressively exploit by looking at the recent book [1] (MIT Press, 2011), or at the follow- ing workshops: (i) "Optimization
Exploration of large scale manufacturing of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices
Hum, Philip W. (Philip Wing-Jung)
Discussion of the current manufacturing process of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) parts and the emergence of PDMS use in biomedical microfluidic devices addresses the need to develop large scale manufacturing processes for ...
How Three Retail Buyers Source Large-Scale Solar Electricity
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
Large-scale, non-utility solar power purchase agreements (PPAs) are still a rarity despite the growing popularity of PPAs across the country. In this webinar, participants will learn more about how...
Parallel Stochastic Gradient Algorithms for Large-Scale Matrix ...
parallel implementation that admits a speed-up nearly proportional to the ... On large-scale matrix completion tasks, Jellyfish is orders of magnitude more ...... get a consistent build of NNLS with mex optimizations at the time of this submission.
Interference management techniques in large-scale wireless networks
Luo, Yi
In this thesis, advanced interference management techniques are designed and evaluated for large-scale wireless networks with realistic assumptions, such as signal propagation loss, random node distribution and ...
Channel Meander Migration in Large-Scale Physical Model Study
Yeh, Po Hung
A set of large-scale laboratory experiments were conducted to study channel meander migration. Factors affecting the migration of banklines, including the ratio of curvature to channel width, bend angle, and the Froude ...
Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical,
Rohs, Remo
, Biochemical, Environmental, Petroleum Engineering and Nantoechnology. CHEMICAL&MATERIALSSCIENCE CHE OVERVIEW of Science 131 units · Chemical Engineering (Petroleum) Bachelor of Science 136 units · Chemical Engineering38 Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical
Infrastructure for large-scale tests in marine autonomy
Hummel, Robert A. (Robert Andrew)
This thesis focuses on the development of infrastructure for research with large-scale autonomous marine vehicle fleets and the design of sampling trajectories for compressive sensing (CS). The newly developed infrastructure ...
Platforms and real options in large-scale engineering systems
Kalligeros, Konstantinos C., 1976-
This thesis introduces a framework and two methodologies that enable engineering management teams to assess the value of real options in programs of large-scale, partially standardized systems implemented a few times over ...
Large-scale magnetic fields in the inflationary universe
Kazuharu Bamba; Misao Sasaki
The generation of large-scale magnetic fields is studied in inflationary cosmology. We consider the violation of the conformal invariance of the Maxwell field by dilatonic as well as non-minimal gravitational couplings. We derive a general formula for the spectrum of large-scale magnetic fields for a general form of the coupling term and the formula for the spectral index. The result tells us clearly the (necessary) condition for the generation of magnetic fields with sufficiently large amplitude.
Fractal Approach to Large-Scale Galaxy Distribution
Yurij Baryshev; Pekka Teerikorpi
We present a review of the history and the present state of the fractal approach to the large-scale distribution of galaxies. Angular correlation function was used as a general instrument for the structure analysis. It was realized later that a normalization condition for the reduced correlation function estimator results in distorted values for both R_{hom} and fractal dimension D. Moreover, according to a theorem on projections of fractals, galaxy angular catalogues can not be used for detecting a structure with the fractal dimension D>2. For this 3-d maps are required, and indeed modern extensive redshift-based 3-d maps have revealed the ``hidden'' fractal dimension of about 2, and have confirmed superclustering at scales even up to 500 Mpc (e.g. the Sloan Great Wall). On scales, where the fractal analysis is possible in completely embedded spheres, a power--law density field has been found. The fractal dimension D =2.2 +- 0.2 was directly obtained from 3-d maps and R_{hom} has expanded from 10 Mpc to scales approaching 100 Mpc. In concordance with the 3-d map results, modern all sky galaxy counts in the interval 10^m - 15^m give a 0.44m-law which corresponds to D=2.2 within a radius of 100h^{-1}_{100} Mpc. We emphasize that the fractal mass--radius law of galaxy clustering has become a key phenomenon in observational cosmology.
Classical Control of Large-Scale Quantum Computers
Simon J. Devitt
The accelerated development of quantum technology has reached a pivotal point. Early in 2014, several results were published demonstrating that several experimental technologies are now accurate enough to satisfy the requirements of fault-tolerant, error corrected quantum computation. While there are many technological and experimental issues that still need to be solved, the ability of experimental systems to now have error rates low enough to satisfy the fault-tolerant threshold for several error correction models is a tremendous milestone. Consequently, it is now a good time for the computer science and classical engineering community to examine the {\\em classical} problems associated with compiling quantum algorithms and implementing them on future quantum hardware. In this paper, we will review the basic operational rules of a topological quantum computing architecture and outline one of the most important classical problems that need to be solved; the decoding of error correction data for a large-scale quantum computer. We will endeavour to present these problems independently from the underlying physics as much of this work can be effectively solved by non-experts in quantum information or quantum mechanics.
Large-Scale Data Challenges in Future Power Grids
Yin, Jian; Sharma, Poorva; Gorton, Ian; Akyol, Bora A.
This paper describes technical challenges in supporting large-scale real-time data analysis for future power grid systems and discusses various design options to address these challenges. Even though the existing U.S. power grid has served the nation remarkably well over the last 120 years, big changes are in the horizon. The widespread deployment of renewable generation, smart grid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and new conducting materials will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components. The whole system becomes highly dynamic and needs constant adjustments based on real time data. Even though millions of sensors such as phase measurement units (PMUs) and smart meters are being widely deployed, a data layer that can support this amount of data in real time is needed. Unlike the data fabric in cloud services, the data layer for smart grids must address some unique challenges. This layer must be scalable to support millions of sensors and a large number of diverse applications and still provide real time guarantees. Moreover, the system needs to be highly reliable and highly secure because the power grid is a critical piece of infrastructure. No existing systems can satisfy all the requirements at the same time. We examine various design options. In particular, we explore the special characteristics of power grid data to meet both scalability and quality of service requirements. Our initial prototype can improve performance by orders of magnitude over existing general-purpose systems. The prototype was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNL's FPGI and was shown to be able to integrate huge amount of data from a large number of sensors and a diverse set of applications.
Large-scale simulations of complex physical systems
Belic, A. [Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Pregrevica 118, 11080 Belgrade (Serbia and Montenegro)
Scientific computing has become a tool as vital as experimentation and theory for dealing with scientific challenges of the twenty-first century. Large scale simulations and modelling serve as heuristic tools in a broad problem-solving process. High-performance computing facilities make possible the first step in this process - a view of new and previously inaccessible domains in science and the building up of intuition regarding the new phenomenology. The final goal of this process is to translate this newly found intuition into better algorithms and new analytical results.In this presentation we give an outline of the research themes pursued at the Scientific Computing Laboratory of the Institute of Physics in Belgrade regarding large-scale simulations of complex classical and quantum physical systems, and present recent results obtained in the large-scale simulations of granular materials and path integrals.
Inflationary tensor fossils in large-scale structure
Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni; Matteo Fasiello; Donghui Jeong; Marc Kamionkowski
Inflation models make specific predictions for a tensor-scalar-scalar three-point correlation, or bispectrum, between one gravitational-wave (tensor) mode and two density-perturbation (scalar) modes. This tensor-scalar-scalar correlation leads to a local power quadrupole, an apparent departure from statistical isotropy in our Universe, as well as characteristic four-point correlations in the current mass distribution in the Universe. So far, the predictions for these observables have been worked out only for single-clock models in which certain consistency conditions between the tensor-scalar-scalar correlation and tensor and scalar power spectra are satisfied. Here we review the requirements on inflation models for these consistency conditions to be satisfied. We then consider several examples of inflation models, such as non-attractor and solid inflation models, in which these conditions are put to the test. In solid inflation the simplest consistency conditions are already violated whilst in the non-attractor model we find that, contrary to the standard scenario, the tensor-scalar-scalar correlator probes directly relevant model-dependent information. We work out the predictions for observables in these models. For non-attractor inflation we find an apparent local quadrupolar departure from statistical isotropy in large-scale structure but that this power quadrupole decreases very rapidly at smaller scales. The consistency of the CMB quadrupole with statistical isotropy then constrains the distance scale that corresponds to the transition from the non-attractor to attractor phase of inflation to be larger than the currently observable horizon. Solid inflation predicts clustering fossils signatures in the current galaxy distribution that may be large enough to be detectable with forthcoming, and possibly even current, galaxy surveys.
V. Mueller
A double inflationary model provides perturbation spectra with enhanced power at large scales (Broken Scale Invariant perturbations -- BSI), leading to a promising scenario for the formation of cosmic structures. We describe a series of high-resolution PM simulations with a model for the thermodynamic evolution of baryons in which we are capable of identifying 'galaxy' halos with a reasonable mass spectrum and following the genesis of large and super-large scale structures. The power spectra and correlation functions of 'galaxies' are compared with reconstructed power spectra of the CfA catalogue and the correlation functions of the Las Campanas Deep Redshift Survey.
Living Expenses (includes approximately
Yener, Aylin
& engineering programs All other programs Graduate: MBA/INFSY at Erie & Harrisburg (12 credits) Business ) Altoona, Berks, Erie, and Harrisburg 12-Month Estimated Expenses and Financial Guarantee for International
Large Scale Simulation of Tor: Modelling a Global Passive Adversary
Blott, Stephen
. Implementing global passive adversary attacks on currently deployed low latency anonymous networks designs have been developed which attempt to apply mixes to low latency traffic. The most widelyLarge Scale Simulation of Tor: Modelling a Global Passive Adversary Gavin O' Gorman and Stephen
Large Scale Energy Storage: From Nanomaterials to Large Systems
Fisher, Frank
Large Scale Energy Storage: From Nanomaterials to Large Systems Wednesday October 26, 2011, Babbio energy storage devices. Specifically, this talk discusses 1) the challenges for grid scale of emergent technologies with ultralow costs on new energy storage materials and mechanisms. Dr. Jun Liu
No Large Scale Curvature Perturbations during Waterfall of Hybrid Inflation
Ali Akbar Abolhasani; Hassan Firouzjahi
In this paper the possibility of generating large scale curvature perturbations induced from the entropic perturbations during the waterfall phase transition of standard hybrid inflation model is studied. We show that whether or not appreciable amounts of large scale curvature perturbations are produced during the waterfall phase transition depend crucially on the competition between the classical and the quantum mechanical back-reactions to terminate inflation. If one considers only the classical evolution of the system we show that the highly blue-tilted entropy perturbations induce highly blue-tilted large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition which dominate over the original adiabatic curvature perturbations. However, we show that the quantum back-reactions of the waterfall field inhomogeneities produced during the phase transition dominate completely over the classical back-reactions. The cumulative quantum back-reactions of very small scales tachyonic modes terminate inflation very efficiently and shut off the curvature perturbations evolution during the waterfall phase transition. This indicates that the standard hybrid inflation model is safe under large scale curvature perturbations during the waterfall phase transition.
Materialized community ground models for large-scale earthquake simulation
Shewchuk, Jonathan
Materialized community ground models for large-scale earthquake simulation Steven W. Schlosser to ground motion sim- ulations, in which ground model datasets are fully materi- alized into octress stored as a service techniques in which scientific computation and storage services become more tightly intertwined. 1
ORNL 2013-G00021/tcc Large Scale Graphene Production
ORNL 2013-G00021/tcc 02.2013 Large Scale Graphene Production UT-B ID 201102606 Technology Summary Graphene is an emerging one-atom-thick carbon material which has the potential for a wide range research, graphene has quickly attained the status of a wonder nanomaterial and continued to draw
Seamlessly Integrating Software & Hardware Modelling for Large-Scale Systems
Zhao, Yuxiao
Engineering, with the math- ematical modelling approach, Modelica, to address the software/hardware integration problem. The environment and hardware components are modelled in Modelica and integrated software-hardware codesign, large-scale sys- tems, Behavior Engineering, Modelica. 1. Introduction
Large Scale Spatial Augmented Reality for Design and Prototyping
Thomas, Bruce
Chapter 10 Large Scale Spatial Augmented Reality for Design and Prototyping Michael R. Marner, Ross Augmented Reality allows the appearance of physical objects to be transformed using projected light commercial and personal use. This chapter explores how large Spatial Augmented Reality systems can be applied
Determining Identifiable Parameterizations for Large-scale Physical Models in
Van den Hof, Paul
/Novem (Dutch Government). ISAPP (Integrated Systems Approach to Petroleum Production) is a joint project as applied in the field of petroleum reservoir engineering. Starting from a large-scale, physics-based model models in petroleum reservoir engineering. Petroleum reservoir engineering is concerned with maximizing
Modeling emergent large-scale structures of barchan dune fields
Claudin, Philippe
that cannot be readily explained by examining the dynamics at the scale of single dunes, or by appealingModeling emergent large-scale structures of barchan dune fields S. Worman , A.B. Murray , R for a range of field-scale phenomena including isolated patches of dunes and heterogeneous arrangements
Large-Scale Linear Programming Techniques for the Design of ...
Feb 5, 2002 ... Page 1 ... We present large-scale optimization techniques to model the energy function that underlies the folding process of ..... which we will refer to from now on, we get a system. AT y ? b, ... Although we don't want to rule out that a so- ..... What we believe is interesting in this context is that the results from.
Spatial Energy Balancing in Large-scale Wireless Multihop Networks
de Veciana, Gustavo
Spatial Energy Balancing in Large-scale Wireless Multihop Networks Seung Jun Baek and Gustavo de is on optimizing trade-offs between the energy cost of spreading traffic and the improved spatial balance of energy. We propose a parameterized family of energy balancing strategies for grids and approximate
Materials Availability Expands the Opportunity for Large-Scale
Kammen, Daniel M.
Materials Availability Expands the Opportunity for Large-Scale Photovoltaics Deployment C Y R U S W of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Materials Science and Engineering
On solving large scale polynomial convex problems by randomized ...
Mar 24, 2013 ... We show that for large-scale problems with favourable geometry, this ...... justable "aggressive" stepsize policy [8]; up to this policy, this is nothing but SMP with Pz .... building this representation is O(1)km2 a.o. We build this ...
Computational study of large-scale p-Median problems
techniques to the simplex method for the solution of large-scale instances. ... instances up to 5535 nodes and 666639 arcs, arising from an industrial ..... For each node v ? TF ? AF we build a "layered" graph rooted in v, where layer.
Lessons from Large-Scale Renewable Energy Integration Studies: Preprint
Bird, L.; Milligan, M.
In general, large-scale integration studies in Europe and the United States find that high penetrations of renewable generation are technically feasible with operational changes and increased access to transmission. This paper describes other key findings such as the need for fast markets, large balancing areas, system flexibility, and the use of advanced forecasting.
Load Distribution in Large Scale Network Monitoring Infrastructures
Politčcnica de Catalunya, Universitat
Load Distribution in Large Scale Network Monitoring Infrastructures Josep Sanju`as-Cuxart, Pere to build a scalable, distributed passive network mon- itoring system that can run several arbitrary the principal research challenges behind building a distributed network monitoring system to support
Large-scale tidal fields on primordial density perturbations ?
Alejandro Gonzalez
We calculate the strength of the tidal field produced by the large-scale density field acting on primordial density perturbations in power law models. By analysing changes in the orientation of the deformation tensor, resulted from smoothing the density field on different mass scales, we show that the large-scale tidal field can strongly affect the morphology and orientation of density peaks. The measure of the strength of the tidal field is performed as a function of the distance to the peak and of the spectral index. We detected evidence that two populations of perturbations seems to coexist; one, with a misalignment between the main axes of their inertia and deformation tensors. This would lead to the angular momentum acquisition and morphological changes. For the second population, the perturbations are found nearly aligned in the direction of the tidal field, which would imprint them low angular momentum and which would allow an alignment of structures as those reported between clusters of galaxies in filaments, and between galaxies in clusters. Evidence is presented that the correlation between the orientation of perturbations and the large-scale density field could be a common property of Gaussian density fields with spectral indexes $n < 0$. We argue that alignment of structures can be used to probe the flatness of the spectrum on large scales but it cannot determine the exact value of the spectral index.
Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical,
Rohs, Remo
Emphasis in Nanotechnology · ChemicalEngineering Emphasis in Petroleum Engineering · ChemicalEngineering38 Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical and electronics fields. Chemical Engineers are employed in areas as diverse as the chemical, materials, energy
Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical,
Rohs, Remo
· ChemicalEngineering (Nanotechnology) Bachelor of Science 131 units · ChemicalEngineering(Petroleum38 Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical and electronics fields. Chemical Engineers are employed in areas as diverse as the chemical, pharmaceutical
Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical,
Rohs, Remo
in Nanotechnology · ChemicalEngineering Emphasis in Petroleum Engineering · ChemicalEngineering Emphasis in Polymers38 Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical and electronics fields. Chemical Engineers are employed in areas as diverse as the chemical, pharmaceutical
IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration
Pierre, Laurence
-Signal IC Design · 3-D Integration · Physical Design · SoC Design for Variability, Reliability, Fault22nd IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration VLSI-SoC 2014 October 6-8, 2014 Playa del Carmen, Mexico Iberostar Tucán and Quetzal Hotel General Chairs: Arturo Sarmiento Reyes
Developing A Grid Portal For Large-scale Reservoir Studies
Allen, Gabrielle
Developing A Grid Portal For Large-scale Reservoir Studies 1 Center for Computation & Technology 2 uncertainty. · Advantages of grid technology · Proposed Solution of the UCoMS Team · What is a Portal? · UCo of reservoir uncertainty... Petroleum drilling consist of many uncertainties. Main objective is to optimize
Parallel I/O Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Parallel IO Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems Parallel IO Software Infrastructure for Large-Scale Systems | Tags: Math & Computer Science Choudhary.png An...
A first large-scale flood inundation forecasting model
Schumann, Guy J-P; Neal, Jeffrey C.; Voisin, Nathalie; Andreadis, Konstantinos M.; Pappenberger, Florian; Phanthuwongpakdee, Kay; Hall, Amanda C.; Bates, Paul D.
At present continental to global scale flood forecasting focusses on predicting at a point discharge, with little attention to the detail and accuracy of local scale inundation predictions. Yet, inundation is actually the variable of interest and all flood impacts are inherently local in nature. This paper proposes a first large scale flood inundation ensemble forecasting model that uses best available data and modeling approaches in data scarce areas and at continental scales. The model was built for the Lower Zambezi River in southeast Africa to demonstrate current flood inundation forecasting capabilities in large data-scarce regions. The inundation model domain has a surface area of approximately 170k km2. ECMWF meteorological data were used to force the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) macro-scale hydrological model which simulated and routed daily flows to the input boundary locations of the 2-D hydrodynamic model. Efficient hydrodynamic modeling over large areas still requires model grid resolutions that are typically larger than the width of many river channels that play a key a role in flood wave propagation. We therefore employed a novel sub-grid channel scheme to describe the river network in detail whilst at the same time representing the floodplain at an appropriate and efficient scale. The modeling system was first calibrated using water levels on the main channel from the ICESat (Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite) laser altimeter and then applied to predict the February 2007 Mozambique floods. Model evaluation showed that simulated flood edge cells were within a distance of about 1 km (one model resolution) compared to an observed flood edge of the event. Our study highlights that physically plausible parameter values and satisfactory performance can be achieved at spatial scales ranging from tens to several hundreds of thousands of km2 and at model grid resolutions up to several km2. However, initial model test runs in forecast mode revealed that it is crucial to account for basin-wide hydrological response time when assessing lead time performances notwithstanding structural limitations in the hydrological model and possibly large inaccuracies in precipitation data.
Alignments of Galaxy Group Shapes with Large Scale Structure
Paz, Dante J; Merchán, Manuel; Padilla, Nelson
In this paper we analyse the alignment of galaxy groups with the surrounding large scale structure traced by spectroscopic galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. We characterise these alignments by means of an extension of the classical two-point cross-correlation function, developed by Paz et al. 2008 (arXiv:0804.4477, MNRAS 389 1127). We find a strong alignment signal between the projected major axis of group shapes and the surrounding galaxy distribution up to scales of 30 Mpc/h. This observed anisotropy signal becomes larger as the galaxy group mass increases, in excellent agreement with the corresponding predicted alignment obtained from mock catalogues and LCDM cosmological simulations. These measurements provide new direct evidence of the adequacy of the gravitational instability picture to describe the large-scale structure formation of our Universe.
Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission from Large Scale Structures
Dobardzic, Aleksandra
For more than a decade now the complete origin of the diffuse gamma-ray emission background (EGRB) has been unknown. Major components like unresolved star-forming galaxies (making 10GeV. Moreover, we show that, even though the gamma-ray emission arising from structure formation shocks at galaxy clusters is below previous estimates, these large scale shocks can still give an important, and even dominant at high energies, contribution to the EGRB. Future detections of cluster gamma-ray emission would make our upper limit of the extragalactic gamma-ray emission from structure-formation process, a firm prediction, and give us deeper insight in evolution of these large scale shock.
Quantum noise in large-scale coherent nonlinear photonic circuits
Charles Santori; Jason S. Pelc; Raymond G. Beausoleil; Nikolas Tezak; Ryan Hamerly; Hideo Mabuchi
A semiclassical simulation approach is presented for studying quantum noise in large-scale photonic circuits incorporating an ideal Kerr nonlinearity. A circuit solver is used to generate matrices defining a set of stochastic differential equations, in which the resonator field variables represent random samplings of the Wigner quasi-probability distributions. Although the semiclassical approach involves making a large-photon-number approximation, tests on one- and two-resonator circuits indicate satisfactory agreement between the semiclassical and full-quantum simulation results in the parameter regime of interest. The semiclassical model is used to simulate random errors in a large-scale circuit that contains 88 resonators and hundreds of components in total, and functions as a 4-bit ripple counter. The error rate as a function of on-state photon number is examined, and it is observed that the quantum fluctuation amplitudes do not increase as signals propagate through the circuit, an important property for scalability.
Prototype Vector Machine for Large Scale Semi-Supervised Learning
Zhang, Kai; Kwok, James T.; Parvin, Bahram
Practicaldataminingrarelyfalls exactlyinto the supervisedlearning scenario. Rather, the growing amount of unlabeled data poses a big challenge to large-scale semi-supervised learning (SSL). We note that the computationalintensivenessofgraph-based SSLarises largely from the manifold or graph regularization, which in turn lead to large models that are dificult to handle. To alleviate this, we proposed the prototype vector machine (PVM), a highlyscalable,graph-based algorithm for large-scale SSL. Our key innovation is the use of"prototypes vectors" for effcient approximation on both the graph-based regularizer and model representation. The choice of prototypes are grounded upon two important criteria: they not only perform effective low-rank approximation of the kernel matrix, but also span a model suffering the minimum information loss compared with the complete model. We demonstrate encouraging performance and appealing scaling properties of the PVM on a number of machine learning benchmark data sets.
Stochastic Ordering of Interferences in Large-scale Wireless Networks
Lee, Junghoon
Stochastic orders are binary relations defined on probability distributions which capture intuitive notions like being larger or being more variable. This paper introduces stochastic ordering of interference distributions in large-scale networks modeled as point process. Interference is the main performance-limiting factor in most wireless networks, thus it is important to understand its statistics. Since closed-form results for the distribution of interference for such networks are only available in limited cases, interference of networks are compared using stochastic orders, even when closed form expressions for interferences are not tractable. We show that the interference from a large-scale network depends on the fading distributions with respect to the stochastic Laplace transform order. The condition for path-loss models is also established to have stochastic ordering between interferences. The stochastic ordering of interferences between different networks are also shown. Monte-Carlo simulations are us...
Performance Health Monitoring of Large-Scale Systems
Rajamony, Ram
This report details the progress made on the ASCR funded project Performance Health Monitoring for Large Scale Systems. A large-?scale application may not achieve its full performance potential due to degraded performance of even a single subsystem. Detecting performance faults, isolating them, and taking remedial action is critical for the scale of systems on the horizon. PHM aims to develop techniques and tools that can be used to identify and mitigate such performance problems. We accomplish this through two main aspects. The PHM framework encompasses diagnostics, system monitoring, fault isolation, and performance evaluation capabilities that indicates when a performance fault has been detected, either due to an anomaly present in the system itself or due to contention for shared resources between concurrently executing jobs. Software components called the PHM Control system then build upon the capabilities provided by the PHM framework to mitigate degradation caused by performance problems.
Large-Scale Optimization for Bayesian Inference in Complex Systems
Willcox, Karen [MIT] [MIT; Marzouk, Youssef [MIT] [MIT
The SAGUARO (Scalable Algorithms for Groundwater Uncertainty Analysis and Robust Optimization) Project focused on the development of scalable numerical algorithms for large-scale Bayesian inversion in complex systems that capitalize on advances in large-scale simulation-based optimization and inversion methods. The project was a collaborative effort among MIT, the University of Texas at Austin, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Sandia National Laboratories. The research was directed in three complementary areas: efficient approximations of the Hessian operator, reductions in complexity of forward simulations via stochastic spectral approximations and model reduction, and employing large-scale optimization concepts to accelerate sampling. The MIT--Sandia component of the SAGUARO Project addressed the intractability of conventional sampling methods for large-scale statistical inverse problems by devising reduced-order models that are faithful to the full-order model over a wide range of parameter values; sampling then employs the reduced model rather than the full model, resulting in very large computational savings. Results indicate little effect on the computed posterior distribution. On the other hand, in the Texas--Georgia Tech component of the project, we retain the full-order model, but exploit inverse problem structure (adjoint-based gradients and partial Hessian information of the parameter-to-observation map) to implicitly extract lower dimensional information on the posterior distribution; this greatly speeds up sampling methods, so that fewer sampling points are needed. We can think of these two approaches as ``reduce then sample'' and ``sample then reduce.'' In fact, these two approaches are complementary, and can be used in conjunction with each other. Moreover, they both exploit deterministic inverse problem structure, in the form of adjoint-based gradient and Hessian information of the underlying parameter-to-observation map, to achieve their speedups.
The Phoenix series large scale LNG pool fire experiments.
Simpson, Richard B.; Jensen, Richard Pearson; Demosthenous, Byron; Luketa, Anay Josephine; Ricks, Allen Joseph; Hightower, Marion Michael; Blanchat, Thomas K.; Helmick, Paul H.; Tieszen, Sheldon Robert; Deola, Regina Anne; Mercier, Jeffrey Alan; Suo-Anttila, Jill Marie; Miller, Timothy J.
The increasing demand for natural gas could increase the number and frequency of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tanker deliveries to ports across the United States. Because of the increasing number of shipments and the number of possible new facilities, concerns about the potential safety of the public and property from an accidental, and even more importantly intentional spills, have increased. While improvements have been made over the past decade in assessing hazards from LNG spills, the existing experimental data is much smaller in size and scale than many postulated large accidental and intentional spills. Since the physics and hazards from a fire change with fire size, there are concerns about the adequacy of current hazard prediction techniques for large LNG spills and fires. To address these concerns, Congress funded the Department of Energy (DOE) in 2008 to conduct a series of laboratory and large-scale LNG pool fire experiments at Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia) in Albuquerque, New Mexico. This report presents the test data and results of both sets of fire experiments. A series of five reduced-scale (gas burner) tests (yielding 27 sets of data) were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at Sandia's Thermal Test Complex (TTC) to assess flame height to fire diameter ratios as a function of nondimensional heat release rates for extrapolation to large-scale LNG fires. The large-scale LNG pool fire experiments were conducted in a 120 m diameter pond specially designed and constructed in Sandia's Area III large-scale test complex. Two fire tests of LNG spills of 21 and 81 m in diameter were conducted in 2009 to improve the understanding of flame height, smoke production, and burn rate and therefore the physics and hazards of large LNG spills and fires.
Suppression of large-scale perturbations by stiff solid
Vladimír Balek; Matej Škovran
Evolution of large-scale scalar perturbations in the presence of stiff solid (solid with pressure to energy density ratio > 1/3) is studied. If the solid dominated the dynamics of the universe long enough, the perturbations could end up suppressed by as much as several orders of magnitude. To avoid too steep large-angle power spectrum of CMB, radiation must have prevailed over the solid long enough before recombination.
Suppression of large-scale perturbations by stiff solid
Balek, Vladimír
Evolution of large-scale scalar perturbations in the presence of stiff solid (solid with pressure to energy density ratio > 1/3) is studied. If the solid dominated the dynamics of the universe long enough, the perturbations could end up suppressed by as much as several orders of magnitude. To avoid too steep large-angle power spectrum of CMB, radiation must have prevailed over the solid long enough before recombination.
Geospatial Optimization of Siting Large-Scale Solar Projects
Macknick, J.; Quinby, T.; Caulfield, E.; Gerritsen, M.; Diffendorfer, J.; Haines, S.
Recent policy and economic conditions have encouraged a renewed interest in developing large-scale solar projects in the U.S. Southwest. However, siting large-scale solar projects is complex. In addition to the quality of the solar resource, solar developers must take into consideration many environmental, social, and economic factors when evaluating a potential site. This report describes a proof-of-concept, Web-based Geographical Information Systems (GIS) tool that evaluates multiple user-defined criteria in an optimization algorithm to inform discussions and decisions regarding the locations of utility-scale solar projects. Existing siting recommendations for large-scale solar projects from governmental and non-governmental organizations are not consistent with each other, are often not transparent in methods, and do not take into consideration the differing priorities of stakeholders. The siting assistance GIS tool we have developed improves upon the existing siting guidelines by being user-driven, transparent, interactive, capable of incorporating multiple criteria, and flexible. This work provides the foundation for a dynamic siting assistance tool that can greatly facilitate siting decisions among multiple stakeholders.
Primordial quantum nonequilibrium and large-scale cosmic anomalies
Samuel Colin; Antony Valentini
We study incomplete relaxation to quantum equilibrium at long wavelengths, during a pre-inflationary phase, as a possible explanation for the reported large-scale anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Our scenario makes use of the de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave formulation of quantum theory, in which the Born probability rule has a dynamical origin. The large-scale power deficit could arise from incomplete relaxation for the amplitudes of the primordial perturbations. We show, by numerical simulations for a spectator scalar field, that if the pre-inflationary era is radiation dominated then the deficit in the emerging power spectrum will have a characteristic shape (an inverse-tangent dependence on wavenumber k, with oscillations). It is found that our scenario is able to produce a power deficit in the observed region and of the observed (approximate) magnitude for an appropriate choice of cosmological parameters. We also discuss the large-scale anisotropy, which could arise from incomplete relaxation for the phases of the primordial perturbations. We present numerical simulations for phase relaxation, and we show how to define characteristic scales for amplitude and phase nonequilibrium. The extent to which the data might support our scenario is left as a question for future work. Our results suggest that we have a potentially viable model that might explain two apparently independent cosmic anomalies by means of a single mechanism.
Reducing home lighting expenses
Aimone, M.A.
Ways to reduce lighting expenses are summarized. These include: turning off lights when not in use; keeping fixtures and lamps clean; replacing lamps with more efficient types; using three-way bulbs; use of daylighting; buying fewer lamps and reducing lamp wattage; consider repainting rooms; replacing recessed fixtures with tracklighting; and using efficient lamps for outdoor use. (MCW)
Generation of large-scale winds in horizontally anisotropic convection
von Hardenberg, J; Provenzale, A; Spiegel, E A
We simulate three-dimensional, horizontally periodic Rayleigh-B\\'enard convection between free-slip horizontal plates, rotating about a horizontal axis. When both the temperature difference between the plates and the rotation rate are sufficiently large, a strong horizontal wind is generated that is perpendicular to both the rotation vector and the gravity vector. The wind is turbulent, large-scale, and vertically sheared. Horizontal anisotropy, engendered here by rotation, appears necessary for such wind generation. Most of the kinetic energy of the flow resides in the wind, and the vertical turbulent heat flux is much lower on average than when there is no wind.
Solar cycle variations of large scale flows in the Sun
Sarbani Basu; H. M. Antia
Using data from the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) instrument on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), we study the large-scale velocity fields in the outer part of the solar convection zone using the ring diagram technique. We use observations from four different times to study possible temporal variations in flow velocity. We find definite changes in both the zonal and meridional components of the flows. The amplitude of the zonal flow appears to increase with solar activity and the flow pattern also shifts towards lower latitude with time.
Statistical analysis of large-scale structure in the Universe
Martin Kerscher
Methods for the statistical characterization of the large-scale structure in the Universe will be the main topic of the present text. The focus is on geometrical methods, mainly Minkowski functionals and the J-function. Their relations to standard methods used in cosmology and spatial statistics and their application to cosmological datasets will be discussed. This work is not only meant as a short review for comologist, but also attempts to illustrate these morphological methods and to make them accessible to scientists from other fields. Consequently, a short introduction to the standard picture of cosmology is given.
Large-Scale Algal Cultivation, Harvesting and Downstream Processing Workshop
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
ATP3 (Algae Testbed Public-Private Partnership) is hosting the Large-Scale Algal Cultivation, Harvesting and Downstream Processing Workshop on November 2–6, 2015, at the Arizona Center for Algae Technology and Innovation in Mesa, Arizona. Topics will include practical applications of growing and managing microalgal cultures at production scale (such as methods for handling cultures, screening strains for desirable characteristics, identifying and mitigating contaminants, scaling up cultures for outdoor growth, harvesting and processing technologies, and the analysis of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates). Related training will include hands-on laboratory and field opportunities.
Large-Scale Anisotropy of EGRET Gamma Ray Sources
Luis Anchordoqui; Thomas McCauley; Thomas Paul; Olaf Reimer; Diego F. Torres
In the course of its operation, the EGRET experiment detected high-energy gamma ray sources at energies above 100 MeV over the whole sky. In this communication, we search for large-scale anisotropy patterns among the catalogued EGRET sources using an expansion in spherical harmonics, accounting for EGRET's highly non-uniform exposure. We find significant excess in the quadrupole and octopole moments. This is consistent with the hypothesis that, in addition to the galactic plane, a second mid-latitude (5^{\\circ} < |b| < 30^{\\circ}) population, perhaps associated with the Gould belt, contributes to the gamma ray flux above 100 MeV.
Robust Morphological Measures for Large-Scale Structure
T. Buchert
A complete family of statistical descriptors for the morphology of large--scale structure based on Minkowski--Functionals is presented. These robust and significant measures can be used to characterize the local and global morphology of spatial patterns formed by a coverage of point sets which represent galaxy samples. Basic properties of these measures are highlighted and their relation to the `genus statistics' is discussed. Test models like a Poissonian point process and samples generated from a Voronoi--model are put into perspective.
Large scale obscuration and related climate effects open literature bibliography
Russell, N.A.; Geitgey, J.; Behl, Y.K.; Zak, B.D.
Large scale obscuration and related climate effects of nuclear detonations first became a matter of concern in connection with the so-called ``Nuclear Winter Controversy`` in the early 1980`s. Since then, the world has changed. Nevertheless, concern remains about the atmospheric effects of nuclear detonations, but the source of concern has shifted. Now it focuses less on global, and more on regional effects and their resulting impacts on the performance of electro-optical and other defense-related systems. This bibliography reflects the modified interest.
Large-Scale Liquid Hydrogen Handling Equipment | Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels DataDepartment of Energy Your Density Isn't YourTransport(FactDepartment ofLetter Report:40PM toLEDControl ConceptCombustionLarge-Scale
Large-scale anisotropy in stably stratified rotating flows
Marino, Dr. Raffaele [National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR); Mininni, Dr. Pablo D. [Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Rosenberg, Duane L [ORNL; Pouquet, Dr. Annick [National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
We present results from direct numerical simulations of the Boussinesq equations in the presence of rotation and/or stratification, both in the vertical direction. The runs are forced isotropically and randomly at small scales and have spatial resolutions of up to $1024^3$ grid points and Reynolds numbers of $\\approx 1000$. We first show that solutions with negative energy flux and inverse cascades develop in rotating turbulence, whether or not stratification is present. However, the purely stratified case is characterized instead by an early-time, highly anisotropic transfer to large scales with almost zero net isotropic energy flux. This is consistent with previous studies that observed the development of vertically sheared horizontal winds, although only at substantially later times. However, and unlike previous works, when sufficient scale separation is allowed between the forcing scale and the domain size, the total energy displays a perpendicular (horizontal) spectrum with power law behavior compatible with $\\sim k_\\perp^{-5/3}$, including in the absence of rotation. In this latter purely stratified case, such a spectrum is the result of a direct cascade of the energy contained in the large-scale horizontal wind, as is evidenced by a strong positive flux of energy in the parallel direction at all scales including the largest resolved scales.
Skewness and Kurtosis in Large-Scale Cosmic Fields
F. Bernardeau
In this paper, I present the calculation of the third and fourth moments of both the distribution function of the large--scale density and the large--scale divergence of the velocity field, $\\theta$. These calculations are made by the mean of perturbative calculations assuming Gaussian initial conditions and are expected to be valid in the linear or quasi linear regime. The moments are derived for a top--hat window function and for any cosmological parameters $\\Omega$ and $\\Lambda$. It turns out that the dependence with $\\Lambda$ is always very weak whereas the moments of the distribution function of the divergence are strongly dependent on $\\Omega$. A method to measure $\\Omega$ using the skewness of this field has already been presented by Bernardeau et al. (1993). I show here that the simultaneous measurement of the skewness and the kurtosis allows to test the validity of the gravitational instability scenario hypothesis. Indeed there is a combination of the first three moments of $\\theta$ that is almost independent of the cosmological parameters $\\Omega$ and $\\Lambda$, $${(-3^2) \\over ^2}\\approx 1.5,$$ (the value quoted is valid when the index of the power spectrum at the filtering scale is close to -1) so that any cosmic velocity field created by gravitational instabilities should verify such a property.
Bardsley, John
LARGE-SCALE KALMAN FILTERING USING THE LIMITED MEMORY BFGS METHOD H. AUVINEN, J. M. BARDSLEY, H. HAARIO , AND T. KAURANNE. Abstract. The standard formulations of the Kalman filter (KF) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) require the storage and multiplication of matrices of size n × n, where n is the size
Abstract--As a common tendency, large-scale wind farms are increasingly connected to the transmission system of modern
Chen, Zhe
1 Abstract--As a common tendency, large-scale wind farms are increasingly connected on the integration of wind farms. One common requirement to wind farms is the function of system voltage control. This ancillary voltage control provided by wind farms could have some influence on the system small signal
Large-Scale Structure Formation in the Quasi-linear Regime
F. Bernardeau
The understanding of the large-scale structure formation requires the resolution of coupled nonlinear equations describing the cosmic density and velocity fields. This is a complicated problem that, for the last decade, has been essentially addressed with N-body simulations. There is however a regime, the so-called quasi-linear regime, for which the relative density fluctuations are on average below unity. It is then possible to apply Perturbation Theory techniques where the perturbation expansions are made with respect to the initial fluctuations. I review here the major results that have been obtained in this regime.
Transition from Large-Scale to Small-Scale Dynamo
Ponty, Y. [Universite de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, B.P. 4229, Nice cedex 04 (France); Plunian, F. [Institut des Sciences de la Terre, CNRS, Universite Joseph Fourier, B.P. 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 09 (France)
The dynamo equations are solved numerically with a helical forcing corresponding to the Roberts flow. In the fully turbulent regime the flow behaves as a Roberts flow on long time scales, plus turbulent fluctuations at short time scales. The dynamo onset is controlled by the long time scales of the flow, in agreement with the former Karlsruhe experimental results. The is governed by a generalized {alpha} effect, which includes both the usual {alpha} effect and turbulent diffusion, plus all higher order effects. Beyond the onset we find that this generalized {alpha} effect scales as O(Rm{sup -1}), suggesting the takeover of small-scale dynamo action. This is confirmed by simulations in which dynamo occurs even if the large-scale field is artificially suppressed.
The XMM/Megacam-VST/VIRMOS Large Scale Structure Survey
M. Pierre
The objective of the XMM-LSS Survey is to map the large scale structure of the universe, as highlighted by clusters and groups of galaxies, out to a redshift of about 1, over a single 8x8 sq.deg. area. For the first time, this will reveal the topology of the distribution of the deep potential wells and provide statistical measurements at truly cosmological distances. In addition, clusters identified via their X-ray properties will form the basis for the first uniformly-selected, multi-wavelength survey of the evolution of clusters and individual cluster galaxies as a function of redshift. The survey will also address the very important question of the QSO distribution within the cosmic web.
Recovery Act - Large Scale SWNT Purification and Solubilization
Michael Gemano; Dr. Linda B. McGown
The goal of this Phase I project was to establish a quantitative foundation for development of binary G-gels for large-scale, commercial processing of SWNTs and to develop scientific insight into the underlying mechanisms of solubilization, selectivity and alignment. In order to accomplish this, we performed systematic studies to determine the effects of G-gel composition and experimental conditions that will enable us to achieve our goals that include (1) preparation of ultra-high purity SWNTs from low-quality, commercial SWNT starting materials, (2) separation of MWNTs from SWNTs, (3) bulk, non-destructive solubilization of individual SWNTs in aqueous solution at high concentrations (10-100 mg/mL) without sonication or centrifugation, (4) tunable enrichment of subpopulations of the SWNTs based on metallic vs. semiconductor properties, diameter, or chirality and (5) alignment of individual SWNTs.
Planning under uncertainty solving large-scale stochastic linear programs
Infanger, G. (Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Operations Research Technische Univ., Vienna (Austria). Inst. fuer Energiewirtschaft)
For many practical problems, solutions obtained from deterministic models are unsatisfactory because they fail to hedge against certain contingencies that may occur in the future. Stochastic models address this shortcoming, but up to recently seemed to be intractable due to their size. Recent advances both in solution algorithms and in computer technology now allow us to solve important and general classes of practical stochastic problems. We show how large-scale stochastic linear programs can be efficiently solved by combining classical decomposition and Monte Carlo (importance) sampling techniques. We discuss the methodology for solving two-stage stochastic linear programs with recourse, present numerical results of large problems with numerous stochastic parameters, show how to efficiently implement the methodology on a parallel multi-computer and derive the theory for solving a general class of multi-stage problems with dependency of the stochastic parameters within a stage and between different stages.
Training a Large Scale Classifier with the Quantum Adiabatic Algorithm
Hartmut Neven; Vasil S. Denchev; Geordie Rose; William G. Macready
In a previous publication we proposed discrete global optimization as a method to train a strong binary classifier constructed as a thresholded sum over weak classifiers. Our motivation was to cast the training of a classifier into a format amenable to solution by the quantum adiabatic algorithm. Applying adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) promises to yield solutions that are superior to those which can be achieved with classical heuristic solvers. Interestingly we found that by using heuristic solvers to obtain approximate solutions we could already gain an advantage over the standard method AdaBoost. In this communication we generalize the baseline method to large scale classifier training. By large scale we mean that either the cardinality of the dictionary of candidate weak classifiers or the number of weak learners used in the strong classifier exceed the number of variables that can be handled effectively in a single global optimization. For such situations we propose an iterative and piecewise approach in which a subset of weak classifiers is selected in each iteration via global optimization. The strong classifier is then constructed by concatenating the subsets of weak classifiers. We show in numerical studies that the generalized method again successfully competes with AdaBoost. We also provide theoretical arguments as to why the proposed optimization method, which does not only minimize the empirical loss but also adds L0-norm regularization, is superior to versions of boosting that only minimize the empirical loss. By conducting a Quantum Monte Carlo simulation we gather evidence that the quantum adiabatic algorithm is able to handle a generic training problem efficiently.
High Metallicity, Photoionised Gas in Intergalactic Large-Scale Filaments
Bastien Aracil; Todd M. Tripp; David V. Bowen; Jason X. Proschaska; Hsiao-Wen Chen; Brenda L. Frye
We present high-resolution UV spectra of absorption-line systems toward the low-z QSO HS0624+6907 (z=0.3700). Coupled with spectroscopic galaxy redshifts, we find that many of these absorbers are integalactic gas clouds distributed within large-scale structures. The gas is cool (T0.9). STIS data reveal a cluster of 13 HI Lyman alpha lines within a 1000 km/s interval at z=0.0635. We find 10 galaxies at this redshift with impact parameters ranging from 135 h^-1 kpc to 1.37 h^-1 Mpc. We attribute the HI Lya absorptions to intragroup medium gas, possibly from a large-scale filament viewed along its long axis. Remarkably, the metallicity is near-solar, [M/H] = -0.05 +/- 0.4 (2 sigma uncertainty), yet the nearest galaxy which might pollute the IGM is at least 135 h_70^-1 kpc away. Tidal stripping from nearby galaxies appears to be the most likely origin of this highly enriched, cool gas. More than six Abell galaxy clusters are found within 4 degree of the sight line suggesting that the QSO line of sight passes near a node in the cosmic web. At z~0.077, we find absorption systems as well as galaxies at the redshift of the nearby clusters Abell 564 and Abell 559. We conclude that the sight line pierces a filament of gas and galaxies feeding into these clusters. The absorber at z_abs = 0.07573 associated with Abell 564/559 also has a high metallicity with [C/H] > -0.6, but again the closest galaxy is relatively far from the sight line (293 h^-1 kpc).
A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage
Yang, Yuan; Zheng, Guangyuan; Cui, Yi
Large-scale energy storage represents a key challenge for renewable energy and new systems with low cost, high energy density and long cycle life are desired. In this article, we develop a new lithium/polysulfide (Li/PS) semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage, with lithium polysulfide (Li{sub 2}S{sub 8}) in ether solvent as a catholyte and metallic lithium as an anode. Unlike previous work on Li/S batteries with discharge products such as solid state Li{sub 2}S{sub 2} and Li{sub 2}S, the catholyte is designed to cycle only in the range between sulfur and Li{sub 2}S{sub 4}. Consequently all detrimental effects due to the formation and volume expansion of solid Li{sub 2}S{sub 2}/Li{sub 2}S are avoided. This novel strategy results in excellent cycle life and compatibility with flow battery design. The proof-of-concept Li/PS battery could reach a high energy density of 170 W h kg{sup -1} and 190 W h L{sup -1} for large scale storage at the solubility limit, while keeping the advantages of hybrid flow batteries. We demonstrated that, with a 5 M Li{sub 2}S{sub 8} catholyte, energy densities of 97 W h kg{sup -1} and 108 W h L{sup -1} can be achieved. As the lithium surface is well passivated by LiNO{sub 3} additive in ether solvent, internal shuttle effect is largely eliminated and thus excellent performance over 2000 cycles is achieved with a constant capacity of 200 mA h g{sup -1}. This new system can operate without the expensive ion-selective membrane, and it is attractive for large-scale energy storage.
Large-scale fabrication and assembly of carbon nanotubes via nanopelleting
El Aguizy, Tarek A., 1977-
Widespread use of carbon nanotubes is predicated on the development of robust large-scale manufacturing techniques. There remain, however, few feasible methods for the large-scale handling of aligned and geometrically ...
Influence of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones on Their Large-Scale Environment
Sobel, Adam
water vapor, and sea surface tem- perature (SST)] on an index of TC activity [accumulated cyclone energyInfluence of Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones on Their Large-Scale Environment ADAM H. SOBEL) tropical cyclones (TCs) on their large-scale environment by lag regressing various large-scale climate
Large Scale Approximate Inference and Experimental Design for Sparse Linear Models
Seeger, Matthias
Large Scale Approximate Inference and Experimental Design for Sparse Linear Models Matthias W.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de/bs/people/seeger/ 27 June 2008 Matthias W. Seeger (MPI BioCyb) Large Scale Bayesian Experimental Design 27/6/08 1 / 27 Algorithms 4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences Matthias W. Seeger (MPI BioCyb) Large Scale Bayesian
LiveBench-2: Large-Scale Automated Evaluation of Protein Structure Prediction Servers
Fischer, Daniel
LiveBench-2: Large-Scale Automated Evaluation of Protein Structure Prediction Servers Janusz M from other evaluation experiments because it is a large-scale and a fully automated procedure. Since, to keep in pace with the development, we present the results of the second large-scale evaluation of pro
Large-Scale Spray Releases: Additional Aerosol Test Results
Daniel, Richard C.; Gauglitz, Phillip A.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Fountain, Matthew S.; Shimskey, Rick W.; Billing, Justin M.; Bontha, Jagannadha R.; Kurath, Dean E.; Jenks, Jeromy WJ; MacFarlan, Paul J.; Mahoney, Lenna A.
One of the events postulated in the hazard analysis for the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and other U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear facilities is a breach in process piping that produces aerosols with droplet sizes in the respirable range. The current approach for predicting the size and concentration of aerosols produced in a spray leak event involves extrapolating from correlations reported in the literature. These correlations are based on results obtained from small engineered spray nozzles using pure liquids that behave as a Newtonian fluid. The narrow ranges of physical properties on which the correlations are based do not cover the wide range of slurries and viscous materials that will be processed in the WTP and in processing facilities across the DOE complex. To expand the data set upon which the WTP accident and safety analyses were based, an aerosol spray leak testing program was conducted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL's test program addressed two key technical areas to improve the WTP methodology (Larson and Allen 2010). The first technical area was to quantify the role of slurry particles in small breaches where slurry particles may plug the hole and prevent high-pressure sprays. The results from an effort to address this first technical area can be found in Mahoney et al. (2012a). The second technical area was to determine aerosol droplet size distribution and total droplet volume from prototypic breaches and fluids, including sprays from larger breaches and sprays of slurries for which literature data are mostly absent. To address the second technical area, the testing program collected aerosol generation data at two scales, commonly referred to as small-scale and large-scale testing. The small-scale testing and resultant data are described in Mahoney et al. (2012b), and the large-scale testing and resultant data are presented in Schonewill et al. (2012). In tests at both scales, simulants were used to mimic the relevant physical properties projected for actual WTP process streams.
Ferroelectric opening switches for large-scale pulsed power drivers.
Brennecka, Geoffrey L.; Rudys, Joseph Matthew; Reed, Kim Warren; Pena, Gary Edward; Tuttle, Bruce Andrew; Glover, Steven Frank
Fast electrical energy storage or Voltage-Driven Technology (VDT) has dominated fast, high-voltage pulsed power systems for the past six decades. Fast magnetic energy storage or Current-Driven Technology (CDT) is characterized by 10,000 X higher energy density than VDT and has a great number of other substantial advantages, but it has all but been neglected for all of these decades. The uniform explanation for neglect of CDT technology is invariably that the industry has never been able to make an effective opening switch, which is essential for the use of CDT. Most approaches to opening switches have involved plasma of one sort or another. On a large scale, gaseous plasmas have been used as a conductor to bridge the switch electrodes that provides an opening function when the current wave front propagates through to the output end of the plasma and fully magnetizes the plasma - this is called a Plasma Opening Switch (POS). Opening can be triggered in a POS using a magnetic field to push the plasma out of the A-K gap - this is called a Magnetically Controlled Plasma Opening Switch (MCPOS). On a small scale, depletion of electron plasmas in semiconductor devices is used to affect opening switch behavior, but these devices are relatively low voltage and low current compared to the hundreds of kilo-volts and tens of kilo-amperes of interest to pulsed power. This work is an investigation into an entirely new approach to opening switch technology that utilizes new materials in new ways. The new materials are Ferroelectrics and using them as an opening switch is a stark contrast to their traditional applications in optics and transducer applications. Emphasis is on use of high performance ferroelectrics with the objective of developing an opening switch that would be suitable for large scale pulsed power applications. Over the course of exploring this new ground, we have discovered new behaviors and properties of these materials that were here to fore unknown. Some of these unexpected discoveries have lead to new research directions to address challenges.
Parallel Index and Query for Large Scale Data Analysis
Chou, Jerry; Wu, Kesheng; Ruebel, Oliver; Howison, Mark; Qiang, Ji; Prabhat,; Austin, Brian; Bethel, E. Wes; Ryne, Rob D.; Shoshani, Arie
Modern scientific datasets present numerous data management and analysis challenges. State-of-the-art index and query technologies are critical for facilitating interactive exploration of large datasets, but numerous challenges remain in terms of designing a system for process- ing general scientific datasets. The system needs to be able to run on distributed multi-core platforms, efficiently utilize underlying I/O infrastructure, and scale to massive datasets. We present FastQuery, a novel software framework that address these challenges. FastQuery utilizes a state-of-the-art index and query technology (FastBit) and is designed to process mas- sive datasets on modern supercomputing platforms. We apply FastQuery to processing of a massive 50TB dataset generated by a large scale accelerator modeling code. We demonstrate the scalability of the tool to 11,520 cores. Motivated by the scientific need to search for inter- esting particles in this dataset, we use our framework to reduce search time from hours to tens of seconds.
Lee, S; Richard Dimenna, R; Robert Leishear, R; David Stefanko, D
Flow evolution models were developed to evaluate the performance of the new advanced design mixer pump for sludge mixing and removal operations with high-velocity liquid jets in one of the large-scale Savannah River Site waste tanks, Tank 18. This paper describes the computational model, the flow measurements used to provide validation data in the region far from the jet nozzle, the extension of the computational results to real tank conditions through the use of existing sludge suspension data, and finally, the sludge removal results from actual Tank 18 operations. A computational fluid dynamics approach was used to simulate the sludge removal operations. The models employed a three-dimensional representation of the tank with a two-equation turbulence model. Both the computational approach and the models were validated with onsite test data reported here and literature data. The model was then extended to actual conditions in Tank 18 through a velocity criterion to predict the ability of the new pump design to suspend settled sludge. A qualitative comparison with sludge removal operations in Tank 18 showed a reasonably good comparison with final results subject to significant uncertainties in actual sludge properties.
An improved voltage control on large-scale power system
Vu, H.; Pruvot, P.; Launay, C.; Harmand, Y. [Electricite de France, Clamart (France). Study and Research Div.] [Electricite de France, Clamart (France). Study and Research Div.
To achieve a better voltage-var control in the electric power transmission system, different facilities are used. Generators are equipped with automatic voltage regulators to cope with sudden and random changes voltage caused by natural load fluctuations or failures. Other devices like capacitors, inductors, transformers with on load tap changers are installed on the network. Faced with the evolution of the network and operating conditions, electricity utilities are more and more interested in overall and coherent control systems, automatic or not. These systems are expected to coordinate the actions of local facilities for a better voltage control (more stable and faster reaction) inside different areas of the network in case of greater voltage and var variations. They affords besides a better use of existing reactive resources. Also, installation of new devices can be avoided allowing economy of investment. With this frame of mind, EDF has designed a system called Co-ordinated Secondary Voltage Control (CSVC). It`s an automatic closed loop system with a dynamic of a few minutes. It takes into account the network conditions (topology, loads), the voltage limits and the generator operating constraints. This paper presents recent improvements which allow the CSVC to control the voltage profile and different kinds of reactive means on a large-scale power system. Furthermore, this paper presents solution to spread out investment costs over several years, considering a deployment gradually extended.
Large-scale star formation in the Magellanic Clouds
Jochen M. Braun
In this contribution I will present the current status of our project of stellar population analyses and spatial information of both Magellanic Clouds (MCs). The Magellanic Clouds - especially the LMC with its large size and small depth (<300pc) - are suitable laboratories and testing ground for theoretical models of star formation. With distance moduli of 18.5 and 18.9mag for the LMC and SMC, respectively, and small galactic extinction, their stellar content can be studied in detail from the most massive stars of the youngest populations (<25Myr) connected to H-alpha emission down to the low mass end of about 1/10 of a solar mass. Based on broad-band photometry (U,B,V) I present results for the supergiant shell (SGS) SMC1, some regions at the LMC east side incl. LMC2 showing different overlapping young populations and the region around N171 with its large and varying colour excess, and LMC4. This best studied SGS shows a coeval population aged about 12Myr with little age spread and no correlation to distance from LMC4's centre. I will show that the available data are not compatible with many of the proposed scenarios like SSPSF or a central trigger (like a cluster or GRB), while a large-scale trigger like the bow-shock of the rotating LMC can do the job.
Testing Inflation with Large Scale Structure: Connecting Hopes with Reality
Marcelo Alvarez; Tobias Baldauf; J. Richard Bond; Neal Dalal; Roland de Putter; Olivier Doré; Daniel Green; Chris Hirata; Zhiqi Huang; Dragan Huterer; Donghui Jeong; Matthew C. Johnson; Elisabeth Krause; Marilena Loverde; Joel Meyers; P. Daniel Meerburg; Leonardo Senatore; Sarah Shandera; Eva Silverstein; Anže Slosar; Kendrick Smith; Matias Zaldarriaga; Valentin Assassi; Jonathan Braden; Amir Hajian; Takeshi Kobayashi; George Stein; Alexander van Engelen
The statistics of primordial curvature fluctuations are our window into the period of inflation, where these fluctuations were generated. To date, the cosmic microwave background has been the dominant source of information about these perturbations. Large scale structure is however from where drastic improvements should originate. In this paper, we explain the theoretical motivations for pursuing such measurements and the challenges that lie ahead. In particular, we discuss and identify theoretical targets regarding the measurement of primordial non-Gaussianity. We argue that when quantified in terms of the local (equilateral) template amplitude $f_{\\rm NL}^{\\rm loc}$ ($f_{\\rm NL}^{\\rm eq}$), natural target levels of sensitivity are $\\Delta f_{\\rm NL}^{\\rm loc, eq.} \\simeq 1$. We highlight that such levels are within reach of future surveys by measuring 2-, 3- and 4-point statistics of the galaxy spatial distribution. This paper summarizes a workshop held at CITA (University of Toronto) on October 23-24, 2014.
Giant radio galaxies - II. Tracers of large-scale structure
Malarecki, J M; Saripalli, L; Staveley-Smith, L; Subrahmanyan, R
We have carried out optical spectroscopy with the Anglo-Australian Telescope for 24,726 objects surrounding a sample of 19 Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) selected to have redshifts in the range 0.05 to 0.15 and projected linear sizes from 0.8 to 3.2 Mpc. Such radio galaxies are ideal candidates to study the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) because their radio lobes extend beyond the ISM and halos of their host galaxies, and into the tenuous IGM. We were able to measure redshifts for 9,076 galaxies. Radio imaging of each GRG, including high-sensitivity, wideband radio observations from the Australia Telescope Compact Array for 12 GRGs and host optical spectra (presented in a previous paper, Malarecki et al. 2013), is used in conjunction with the surrounding galaxy redshifts to trace large-scale structure. We find that the mean galaxy number overdensity in volumes of ~700 Mpc$^3$ near the GRG host galaxies is ~70 indicating an overdense but non-virialized environment. A Fourier component analysis is used to qu...
Large Scale Obscuration and Related Climate Effects Workshop: Proceedings
Zak, B.D.; Russell, N.A.; Church, H.W.; Einfeld, W.; Yoon, D.; Behl, Y.K. [eds.
A Workshop on Large Scale Obsurcation and Related Climate Effects was held 29--31 January, 1992, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The objectives of the workshop were: to determine through the use of expert judgement the current state of understanding of regional and global obscuration and related climate effects associated with nuclear weapons detonations; to estimate how large the uncertainties are in the parameters associated with these phenomena (given specific scenarios); to evaluate the impact of these uncertainties on obscuration predictions; and to develop an approach for the prioritization of further work on newly-available data sets to reduce the uncertainties. The workshop consisted of formal presentations by the 35 participants, and subsequent topical working sessions on: the source term; aerosol optical properties; atmospheric processes; and electro-optical systems performance and climatic impacts. Summaries of the conclusions reached in the working sessions are presented in the body of the report. Copies of the transparencies shown as part of each formal presentation are contained in the appendices (microfiche).
Large Scale Ice Water Path and 3-D Ice Water Content
DOE Data Explorer [Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)]
Liu, Guosheng
Cloud ice water concentration is one of the most important, yet poorly observed, cloud properties. Developing physical parameterizations used in general circulation models through single-column modeling is one of the key foci of the ARM program. In addition to the vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor and condensed water at the model grids, large-scale horizontal advective tendencies of these variables are also required as forcing terms in the single-column models. Observed horizontal advection of condensed water has not been available because the radar/lidar/radiometer observations at the ARM site are single-point measurement, therefore, do not provide horizontal distribution of condensed water. The intention of this product is to provide large-scale distribution of cloud ice water by merging available surface and satellite measurements. The satellite cloud ice water algorithm uses ARM ground-based measurements as baseline, produces datasets for 3-D cloud ice water distributions in a 10 deg x 10 deg area near ARM site. The approach of the study is to expand a (surface) point measurement to an (satellite) areal measurement. That is, this study takes the advantage of the high quality cloud measurements at the point of ARM site. We use the cloud characteristics derived from the point measurement to guide/constrain satellite retrieval, then use the satellite algorithm to derive the cloud ice water distributions within an area, i.e., 10 deg x 10 deg centered at ARM site.
UNALLOWABLE EXPENSES Some common unallowable TRAVEL expenses on University
UNALLOWABLE EXPENSES Some common unallowable TRAVEL expenses on University funds include: 4Alcohol from University funds for spouses, family or friends accompanying you. Any contracted State provisions://busfin.colostate.edu/trv.aspx #12;GENERAL RULE Travel charged to the University, regardless of the funding source, shall
Large-Scale Spray Releases: Initial Aerosol Test Results
Schonewill, Philip P.; Gauglitz, Phillip A.; Bontha, Jagannadha R.; Daniel, Richard C.; Kurath, Dean E.; Adkins, Harold E.; Billing, Justin M.; Burns, Carolyn A.; Davis, James M.; Enderlin, Carl W.; Fischer, Christopher M.; Jenks, Jeromy WJ; Lukins, Craig D.; MacFarlan, Paul J.; Shutthanandan, Janani I.; Smith, Dennese M.
One of the events postulated in the hazard analysis at the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) and other U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear facilities is a breach in process piping that produces aerosols with droplet sizes in the respirable range. The current approach for predicting the size and concentration of aerosols produced in a spray leak involves extrapolating from correlations reported in the literature. These correlations are based on results obtained from small engineered spray nozzles using pure liquids with Newtonian fluid behavior. The narrow ranges of physical properties on which the correlations are based do not cover the wide range of slurries and viscous materials that will be processed in the WTP and across processing facilities in the DOE complex. Two key technical areas were identified where testing results were needed to improve the technical basis by reducing the uncertainty due to extrapolating existing literature results. The first technical need was to quantify the role of slurry particles in small breaches where the slurry particles may plug and result in substantially reduced, or even negligible, respirable fraction formed by high-pressure sprays. The second technical need was to determine the aerosol droplet size distribution and volume from prototypic breaches and fluids, specifically including sprays from larger breaches with slurries where data from the literature are scarce. To address these technical areas, small- and large-scale test stands were constructed and operated with simulants to determine aerosol release fractions and generation rates from a range of breach sizes and geometries. The properties of the simulants represented the range of properties expected in the WTP process streams and included water, sodium salt solutions, slurries containing boehmite or gibbsite, and a hazardous chemical simulant. The effect of anti-foam agents was assessed with most of the simulants. Orifices included round holes and rectangular slots. The round holes ranged in size from 0.2 to 4.46 mm. The slots ranged from (width × length) 0.3 × 5 to 2.74 × 76.2 mm. Most slots were oriented longitudinally along the pipe, but some were oriented circumferentially. In addition, a limited number of multi-hole test pieces were tested in an attempt to assess the impact of a more complex breach. Much of the testing was conducted at pressures of 200 and 380 psi, but some tests were conducted at 100 psi. Testing the largest postulated breaches was deemed impractical because of the large size of some of the WTP equipment. The purpose of this report is to present the experimental results and analyses for the aerosol measurements obtained in the large-scale test stand. The report includes a description of the simulants used and their properties, equipment and operations, data analysis methodology, and test results. The results of tests investigating the role of slurry particles in plugging of small breaches are reported in Mahoney et al. 2012a. The results of the aerosol measurements in the small-scale test stand are reported in Mahoney et al. (2012b).
Improving Large Scale Day-ahead Security Constrained Unit ...
Transmission line limit. Injection ... can Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) requirements. ... solve DC power flow to identify additional transmission viola-.
Overview of large scale experiments performed within the LBB project in the Czech Republic
Kadecka, P.; Lauerova, D. [Nuclear Research Institute, Rez (Czechoslovakia)
During several recent years NRI Rez has been performing the LBB analyses of safety significant primary circuit pipings of NPPs in Czech and Slovak Republics. The analyses covered the NPPs with reactors WWER 440 Type 230 and 213 and WWER 1000 Type 320. Within the relevant LBB projects undertaken with the aim to prove the fulfilling of the requirements of LBB, a series of large scale experiments were performed. The goal of these experiments was to verify the properties of the components selected, and to prove the quality and/or conservatism of assessments used in the LBB-analyses. In this poster, a brief overview of experiments performed in Czech Republic under guidance of NRI Rez is presented.
James E. O'Brien
Hydrogen can be produced from water splitting with relatively high efficiency using high-temperature electrolysis. This technology makes use of solid-oxide cells, running in the electrolysis mode to produce hydrogen from steam, while consuming electricity and high-temperature process heat. When coupled to an advanced high temperature nuclear reactor, the overall thermal-to-hydrogen efficiency for high-temperature electrolysis can be as high as 50%, which is about double the overall efficiency of conventional low-temperature electrolysis. Current large-scale hydrogen production is based almost exclusively on steam reforming of methane, a method that consumes a precious fossil fuel while emitting carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Demand for hydrogen is increasing rapidly for refining of increasingly low-grade petroleum resources, such as the Athabasca oil sands and for ammonia-based fertilizer production. Large quantities of hydrogen are also required for carbon-efficient conversion of biomass to liquid fuels. With supplemental nuclear hydrogen, almost all of the carbon in the biomass can be converted to liquid fuels in a nearly carbon-neutral fashion. Ultimately, hydrogen may be employed as a direct transportation fuel in a "hydrogen economy." The large quantity of hydrogen that would be required for this concept should be produced without consuming fossil fuels or emitting greenhouse gases. An overview of the high-temperature electrolysis technology will be presented, including basic theory, modeling, and experimental activities. Modeling activities include both computational fluid dynamics and large-scale systems analysis. We have also demonstrated high-temperature electrolysis in our laboratory at the 15 kW scale, achieving a hydrogen production rate in excess of 5500 L/hr.
Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects (Larger than 10 MWs) |...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Renewable energy projects larger than 10 megawatts (MW) are complex and typically require private-sector financing. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) developed a guide...
Efficient Algorithms for Large Scale Global Optimization: Lennard ...
topic for research and several approaches have been developed thus far; however when .... sive analysis would require several pages. However we can cite ...
A Topological Framework for the Interactive Exploration of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion
Bremer, Peer-Timo
comparison of terascale combustion simulation data. Mathe-premixed hydrogen ?ames. Combustion and Flame, [7] J. L.of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion Peer-Timo Bremer 1 ,
Performance Engineering: Understanding and Improving the Performance of Large-Scale Codes
An API for Runtime Code Patching," Journal of Highof the Conference on Code Generation and Optimization,Performance of Large-Scale Codes David H. Bailey 1 , Robert
A Large-Scale Sentiment Analysis for Yahoo! Answers Onur Kucuktunc
Ferhatosmanoglu, Hakan
and Behavioral Sciences]: Psychology, Sociology General Terms Design, Experimentation, Human Factors, MeasurementA Large-Scale Sentiment Analysis for Yahoo! Answers Onur Kucuktunc The Ohio State University
a min-max regret robust optimization approach for large scale full ...
the full-factorial scenario design of data uncertainty. The proposed algorithm is shown to be efficient for solving large-scale min-max regret robust optimization ...
Biomass Energy for Transport and Electricity: Large scale utilization under low CO2 concentration scenarios
Luckow, Patrick; Wise, Marshall A.; Dooley, James J.; Kim, Son H.
This paper examines the potential role of large scale, dedicated commercial biomass energy systems under global climate policies designed to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 400ppm and 450ppm. We use an integrated assessment model of energy and agriculture systems to show that, given a climate policy in which terrestrial carbon is appropriately valued equally with carbon emitted from the energy system, biomass energy has the potential to be a major component of achieving these low concentration targets. The costs of processing and transporting biomass energy at much larger scales than current experience are also incorporated into the modeling. From the scenario results, 120-160 EJ/year of biomass energy is produced by midcentury and 200-250 EJ/year by the end of this century. In the first half of the century, much of this biomass is from agricultural and forest residues, but after 2050 dedicated cellulosic biomass crops become the dominant source. A key finding of this paper is the role that carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technologies coupled with commercial biomass energy can play in meeting stringent emissions targets. Despite the higher technology costs of CCS, the resulting negative emissions used in combination with biomass are a very important tool in controlling the cost of meeting a target, offsetting the venting of CO2 from sectors of the energy system that may be more expensive to mitigate, such as oil use in transportation. The paper also discusses the role of cellulosic ethanol and Fischer-Tropsch biomass derived transportation fuels and shows that both technologies are important contributors to liquid fuels production, with unique costs and emissions characteristics. Through application of the GCAM integrated assessment model, it becomes clear that, given CCS availability, bioenergy will be used both in electricity and transportation.
Koopman, D.; Martino, C.; Poirier, M.
Large Scale Integrated Testing (LSIT) is being planned by Bechtel National, Inc. to address uncertainties in the full scale mixing performance of the Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Testing will use simulated waste rather than actual Hanford waste. Therefore, the use of suitable simulants is critical to achieving the goals of the test program. External review boards have raised questions regarding the overall representativeness of simulants used in previous mixing tests. Accordingly, WTP requested the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) to assist with development of simulants for use in LSIT. Among the first tasks assigned to SRNL was to develop a list of waste properties that matter to pulse-jet mixer (PJM) mixing of WTP tanks. This report satisfies Commitment 18.104.22.168 of the Department of Energy Implementation Plan for Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board Recommendation 2010-2: physical properties important to mixing and scaling. In support of waste simulant development, the following two objectives are the focus of this report: (1) Assess physical and chemical properties important to the testing and development of mixing scaling relationships; (2) Identify the governing properties and associated ranges for LSIT to achieve the Newtonian and non-Newtonian test objectives. This includes the properties to support testing of sampling and heel management systems. The test objectives for LSIT relate to transfer and pump out of solid particles, prototypic integrated operations, sparger operation, PJM controllability, vessel level/density measurement accuracy, sampling, heel management, PJM restart, design and safety margin, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Verification and Validation (V and V) and comparison, performance testing and scaling, and high temperature operation. The slurry properties that are most important to Performance Testing and Scaling depend on the test objective and rheological classification of the slurry (i.e., Newtonian or non-Newtonian). The most important properties for testing with Newtonian slurries are the Archimedes number distribution and the particle concentration. For some test objectives, the shear strength is important. In the testing to collect data for CFD V and V and CFD comparison, the liquid density and liquid viscosity are important. In the high temperature testing, the liquid density and liquid viscosity are important. The Archimedes number distribution combines effects of particle size distribution, solid-liquid density difference, and kinematic viscosity. The most important properties for testing with non-Newtonian slurries are the slurry yield stress, the slurry consistency, and the shear strength. The solid-liquid density difference and the particle size are also important. It is also important to match multiple properties within the same simulant to achieve behavior representative of the waste. Other properties such as particle shape, concentration, surface charge, and size distribution breadth, as well as slurry cohesiveness and adhesiveness, liquid pH and ionic strength also influence the simulant properties either directly or through other physical properties such as yield stress.
Reconfiguration-Assisted Charging in Large-Scale Lithium-ion Battery Systems
Reconfiguration-Assisted Charging in Large-Scale Lithium-ion Battery Systems Liang He1 , Linghe, TX, USA ABSTRACT Large-scale Lithium-ion batteries are widely adopted in many systems and heterogeneous discharging con- ditions, cells in the battery system may have differ- ent statuses
Room-temperature stationary sodium-ion batteries for large-scale electric energy storage
Wang, Wei Hua
Room-temperature stationary sodium-ion batteries for large-scale electric energy storage Huilin Pan attention particularly in large- scale electric energy storage applications for renewable energy and smart storage system in the near future. Broader context With the rapid development of renewable energy sources
An Energy-Efficient Framework for Large-Scale Parallel Storage Systems
Qin, Xiao
An Energy-Efficient Framework for Large-Scale Parallel Storage Systems Ziliang Zong, Matt Briggs-scale and energy-efficient parallel storage systems. To validate the efficiency of the proposed framework, a buffer that this new framework can significantly improves the energy efficiency of large-scale parallel storage systems
A Topological Framework for the Interactive Exploration of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion
Knowles, David William
A Topological Framework for the Interactive Exploration of Large Scale Turbulent Combustion Peer a new topological framework for the analysis of large scale, time-varying, turbulent combustion consumption thresh- olds for an entire time-dependent combustion simulation. By computing augmented merge
Wireless Ventilation Control for Large-Scale Systems: the Mining Industrial Case
Boyer, Edmond
Wireless Ventilation Control for Large-Scale Systems: the Mining Industrial Case E. Witrant1,, A. D, for large scale systems with high environmental impact: the mining ventilation control systems. Ventilation). We propose a new model for underground ventilation. The main components of the system dynamics
Parallelisation of the revised simplex method for general large scale LP problems
Hall, Julian
Parallelisation of the revised simplex method for general large scale LP problems Julian Hall School of Mathematics University of Edinburgh August 910 2005 Parallelisation of the revised simplex method for general large scale LP problems #12;Overview · The (standard and revised) simplex method
Towards Automatic Incorporation of Search engines into a Large-Scale Metasearch Engine
Meng, Weiyi
Towards Automatic Incorporation of Search engines into a Large-Scale Metasearch Engine Zonghuan Wu. of Computer Science Univ. of Illinois at Chicago email@example.com Abstract A metasearch engine supports unified access to multiple component search engines. To build a very large-scale metasearch engine that can
Random Features for Large-Scale Kernel Machines Intel Research Seattle
Kim, Tae-Kyun
Random Features for Large-Scale Kernel Machines Ali Rahimi Intel Research Seattle Seattle, WA 98105 products of the transformed data are approximately equal to those in the feature space of a user specified on their ability to approximate various radial basis kernels, and show that in large-scale classification
Hash-SVM: Scalable Kernel Machines for Large-Scale Visual Classification , Shih-Fu Chang
Chang, Shih-Fu
Hash-SVM: Scalable Kernel Machines for Large-Scale Visual Classification Yadong Mu , Gang Hua , Wei the efficiency of non-linear kernel SVM in very large scale visual classification prob- lems. Our key idea be transformed into solving a linear SVM over the hash bits. The proposed Hash-SVM enjoys dramatic storage cost
Automatic Construction of Large-Scale Regular Expression Matching Engines on FPGA
Prasanna, Viktor K.
Automatic Construction of Large-Scale Regular Expression Matching Engines on FPGA Yi-Hua E. email@example.com, email@example.com Abstract--We present algorithms for implementing large-scale regular expression matching (REM) on FPGA. Based on the proposed algorithms, we develop tools that first transform regular
Hamming embedding and weak geometric consistency for large scale image search
Verbeek, Jakob
Hamming embedding and weak geometric consistency for large scale image search Herve Jegou, Matthijs improves recent methods for large scale image search. State-of-the-art methods build on the bag large datasets. Exper- iments performed on a dataset of one million of images show a signifi- cant
Large-Scale FPGA-based Convolutional Networks Clement Farabet1
LeCun, Yann
Large-Scale FPGA-based Convolutional Networks Cl´ement Farabet1 , Yann LeCun1 , Koray Kavukcuoglu1, New Haven, USA Chapter in Machine Learning on Very Large Data Sets, edited by Ron Bekkerman, Mikhail Bilenko, and John Langford, Cambridge University Press, 2011. May 2, 2011 1 #12;Large-Scale FPGA
Evaluation of Segmentation Techniques for Inventory Management in Large Scale Multi-Item Inventory Systems1
Rossetti, Manuel D.
1 Evaluation of Segmentation Techniques for Inventory Management in Large Scale Multi-Item Inventory Systems1 Manuel D. Rossetti2 , Ph. D., P. E. Department of Industrial Engineering University of their inventory policies in a large-scale multi-item inventory system. Conventional inventory segmentation
Electronic Properties of Large-scale Graphene Films Chemical Vapor Synthesized on Nickel and on Copper
Chen, Yong P.
transport properties of graphene films grown on Ni and Cu. Sample Preparation The synthesis of graphene film1 Electronic Properties of Large-scale Graphene Films Chemical Vapor Synthesized on Nickel of large scale graphene films grown by chemical vapor synthesis on Ni and Cu, and then transferred to SiO2
QA-Pagelet: Data Preparation Techniques for Large Scale Data Analysis of the Deep Web
Liu, Ling
1 QA-Pagelet: Data Preparation Techniques for Large Scale Data Analysis of the Deep Web James data preparation technique for large scale data analysis of the Deep Web. To support QA the Deep Web. Two unique features of the Thor framework are (1) the novel page clustering for grouping
QA-Pagelet: Data Preparation Techniques for Large-Scale Data Analysis of the Deep Web
Caverlee, James
QA-Pagelet: Data Preparation Techniques for Large-Scale Data Analysis of the Deep Web James the QA-Pagelet as a fundamental data preparation technique for large-scale data analysis of the Deep Web-Pagelets from the Deep Web. Two unique features of the Thor framework are 1) the novel page clustering
LARGE-SCALE MOVEMENT PATTERNS OF MALE LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES (CARETTA CARETTA) IN SHARK BAY Management Title of Thesis: Large-Scale Movement Patterns of Male Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in Shark Bay, Australia Report No. 524 Examining Committee: Chair: Christine Gruman Master of Resource
GridMate: A Portable Simulation Environment for Large-Scale Adaptive Scientific Applications
Li, Xiaolin "Andy"
GridMate: A Portable Simulation Environment for Large-Scale Adaptive Scientific Applications: email@example.com Abstract--In this paper, we present a portable sim- ulation environment GridMate for large-scale adaptive scientific applications in multi-site Grid environments. GridMate is a discrete
PENMAN Upper Model Building a LargeScale Knowledge Base for Machine Translation
Knight, Kevin
f g et al. Abstract PENMAN Upper Model Building a LargeScale Knowledge Base for Machine gineer to build up an index to a KB in a second language, such as Spanish or Japanese. USC is a threesite collabora tive effort to build a largescale knowledgebased ma chine translation system
Architecture for a large-scale ion-trap quantum computer
individually experimentally demonstrated. The quantum CCD To build up a large-scale quantum computer, we have demonstrated in this system, there exist theoretical and technical obstacles to scaling up the approachArchitecture for a large-scale ion-trap quantum computer D. Kielpinski*, C. Monroe & D. J. Wineland
The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Sergey Brin and Lawrence Page
Matwin, Stan
. This paper addresses this question of how to build a practical large-scale system which can exploit of googol, or 10100 and fits well with our goal of building very large- scale search engines. 1.1 Web Search Engines -- Scaling Up: 1994 - 2000 Search engine technology has had to scale dramatically to keep up
Harvesting Clean Energy How California Can Deploy Large-Scale Renewable
Kammen, Daniel M.
Harvesting Clean Energy How California Can Deploy Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects Harvesting Clean Energy: How California Can Deploy Large-Scale Renewable Energy Projects on Appropriate acres of impaired lands in the Westlands Water District in the Central Valley may soon have
Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable Demand and Renewable Energy Sources
Oren, Shmuel S.
1 Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable Demand and Renewable Energy Sources Anthony Papavasiliou. In order to accurately assess the impacts of renewable energy integration and demand response integration model for assessing the impacts of the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources
Impacts of Large-Scale Wind Generators Penetration on the Voltage Stability of Power Systems
Pota, Himanshu Roy
development of wind energy tech- nology and the current world-wide status of grid-connected as well as standImpacts of Large-Scale Wind Generators Penetration on the Voltage Stability of Power Systems M. J systems and their dynamic behaviours to identify critical issues that limit the large-scale integration
GCP: Gossip-based Code Propagation for Large-scale Mobile Wireless Sensor Network
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
GCP: Gossip-based Code Propagation for Large-scale Mobile Wireless Sensor Network Name: Yann Busnel-Marie Kermarrec Extended abstract Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are in a plentiful expansion. They are expected transmission. Keywords Wireless sensor network, mobile computing, large scale, diusion, software update
Autonomous and Energy-Aware Management of Large-Scale Cloud Infrastructures
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Autonomous and Energy-Aware Management of Large-Scale Cloud Infrastructures Eugen Feller Advisor.e. self-organization and healing); (3) energy-awareness. However, existing open-source cloud management, and energy-aware resource management frameworks for large-scale cloud infrastructures. Particularly, a novel
Large Scale Wind Turbine Siting Map Report NJ Department of Environmental Protection
Holberton, Rebecca L.
Large Scale Wind Turbine Siting Map Report NJ Department of Environmental Protection September 8 Jersey Department of Environmental Protection's (NJDEP) "Large Scale Wind Turbine Siting Map Management rules to address the development and permitting of wind turbines in the coastal zone
Parallel domain decomposition for simulation of large-scale power grids
Mohanram, Kartik
of large-scale linear circuits such as power grids. DD techniques that use non-overlapping and overlap that with the proposed parallel DD framework, existing linear circuit simulators can be extended to handle large- scale can be solved independently in parallel using standard techniques for linear system analysis
Evaluating the Potential for Large-Scale Biodiesel Deployments in a Global Context
Wisconsin at Madison, University of
Evaluating the Potential for Large-Scale Biodiesel Deployments in a Global Context by Matthew Johnston. All rights reserved. #12;#12;Evaluating the Potential for Large-Scale Biodiesel Deployments on the subject of biodiesel, but I can only hope she takes comfort knowing now much I appreciate everything she
A Protocol for the Atomic Capture of Multiple Molecules on Large Scale Platforms
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
A Protocol for the Atomic Capture of Multiple Molecules on Large Scale Platforms Marin Bertier services. Envi- sioned over largely distributed and highly dynamic platforms, expressing this coordination coordination of services. However, the execution of such programs over large scale platforms raises several
Model Reduction of Large-Scale Dynamical A. Antoulas1
Van Dooren, Paul
, and structural response of high-rise buildings to wind and earthquakes), electronic circuit simulation systems in which real- time prognostics and prediction are required, constraints on compute power, memory response characteristics. Two main themes can be identified among several methodologies: (a) balancing
Solving Large-Scale Semidefinite Programs in Parallel
Mar 6, 2005 ... requires O(m2n2 + mn3) operations to form, and O(m3) operations to factorize, the Schur complement matrix, while storing this matrix and the primal variable X ..... the desired eigenvectors, and hence to speed up convergence. ..... 2 Graphs generated using the graph generator program rudy, written by G.
Extraction of large-scale coherent structure from plasma turbulence using rake probe and wavelet analysis in a tokamak
Xu, G. S.; Wan, B. N.; Zhang, W. [Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031 (China)
In fusion plasmas, intermittently occurring large-scale coherent structures in electrostatic turbulence sometimes contribute more than 50% of total transport, so the investigation on these coherent structures is important for understanding plasma confinement. New experimental techniques are required to extract these coherent structures from fluctuating signals. In this work a 12-tip poloidal rake probe was used on the HT-7 superconducting tokamak to measure plasma turbulence in the plasma edge region. Several signal analysis methods based on a biorthogonal wavelet were developed and applied to the probe data. Since the structure of the selected wavelet is every similar to that of the turbulence wave packet, information about large-scale coherent structures can be selectively extracted from the ambient turbulence. The spatiotemporal patterns of the large-scale coherent structures were reconstructed using the selected wavelets as well as those of small-scale details. These wavelet-based techniques can be applied to all kinds of plasma fluctuation diagnostics, so they possibly present a new opportunity for uncovering the mechanism underlying plasma turbulent transport.
Traveling Expense Deductions for Corporations and Individuals
Lee, Billy West
" requirement is Chandler versus Cosmdssicrer. 7 Douglas A. Chandler vas employed as a high school principal by the city of Attleboro~ t~assachnsetts~ where he lived. Two nights a veek, hs drove thirty seven miles to Boston University uhsre he conducted... night classes, Bis duties in Boston cid not require him to be avsy from Attleboro overnight~ and on no occasion did he remain overnight in Boston, Chandler attempted to deduct f534 as traveling expenses betueen his home and Boston~ and vas denied...
Advanced I/O for large-scale scientific applications.
Klasky, Scott (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN); Schwan, Karsten (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA); Oldfield, Ron A.; Lofstead, Gerald F., II (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA)
As scientific simulations scale to use petascale machines and beyond, the data volumes generated pose a dual problem. First, with increasing machine sizes, the careful tuning of IO routines becomes more and more important to keep the time spent in IO acceptable. It is not uncommon, for instance, to have 20% of an application's runtime spent performing IO in a 'tuned' system. Careful management of the IO routines can move that to 5% or even less in some cases. Second, the data volumes are so large, on the order of 10s to 100s of TB, that trying to discover the scientifically valid contributions requires assistance at runtime to both organize and annotate the data. Waiting for offline processing is not feasible due both to the impact on the IO system and the time required. To reduce this load and improve the ability of scientists to use the large amounts of data being produced, new techniques for data management are required. First, there is a need for techniques for efficient movement of data from the compute space to storage. These techniques should understand the underlying system infrastructure and adapt to changing system conditions. Technologies include aggregation networks, data staging nodes for a closer parity to the IO subsystem, and autonomic IO routines that can detect system bottlenecks and choose different approaches, such as splitting the output into multiple targets, staggering output processes. Such methods must be end-to-end, meaning that even with properly managed asynchronous techniques, it is still essential to properly manage the later synchronous interaction with the storage system to maintain acceptable performance. Second, for the data being generated, annotations and other metadata must be incorporated to help the scientist understand output data for the simulation run as a whole, to select data and data features without concern for what files or other storage technologies were employed. All of these features should be attained while maintaining a simple deployment for the science code and eliminating the need for allocation of additional computational resources.
Ice Dome Construction for Large Scale Habitats on Atmosphereless Bodies
Farr, Stefan Harsan
One of the greatest difficulties that space exploration faces is the lack of technology necessary to establish large volumes of habitable spaces on site. Both transporting the pre-built enclosures or transporting the equipment necessary for building them on site from conventional materials face the same enormous problem: the need to transport huge quantities of material into space, which is technically close to impossible. The current paper, explores the possibility and one approach of building these large spaces from an alternative material, water ice, a material that is a prerequisite for any settlement. The feasibility of dome shaped, pressurized, water ice buildings is analyzed from a structural integrity point of view and the possibility of building them with a technique using water sublimation and deposition onto a thin plastic film, a process which requires extremely little construction equipment with respect to the resulting habitable space.
Large-Scale Molecular Dynamics Simulations for Highly Parallel Infrastructures
Pazúriková, Jana
Computational chemistry allows researchers to experiment in sillico: by running a computer simulations of a biological or chemical processes of interest. Molecular dynamics with molecular mechanics model of interactions simulates N-body problem of atoms$-$it computes movements of atoms according to Newtonian physics and empirical descriptions of atomic electrostatic interactions. These simulations require high performance computing resources, as evaluations within each step are computationally demanding and billions of steps are needed to reach interesting timescales. Current methods decompose the spatial domain of the problem and calculate on parallel/distributed infrastructures. Even the methods with the highest strong scaling hit the limit at half a million cores: they are not able to cut the time to result if provided with more processors. At the dawn of exascale computing with massively parallel computational resources, we want to increase the level of parallelism by incorporating parallel-in-time comput...
Cryogenic Control Architecture for Large-Scale Quantum Computing
J. M. Hornibrook; J. I. Colless; I. D. Conway Lamb; S. J. Pauka; H. Lu; A. C. Gossard; J. D. Watson; G. C. Gardner; S. Fallahi; M. J. Manfra; D. J. Reilly
Solid-state qubits have recently advanced to the level that enables them, in-principle, to be scaled-up into fault-tolerant quantum computers. As these physical qubits continue to advance, meeting the challenge of realising a quantum machine will also require the engineering of new classical hardware and control architectures with complexity far beyond the systems used in today's few-qubit experiments. Here, we report a micro-architecture for controlling and reading out qubits during the execution of a quantum algorithm such as an error correcting code. We demonstrate the basic principles of this architecture in a configuration that distributes components of the control system across different temperature stages of a dilution refrigerator, as determined by the available cooling power. The combined setup includes a cryogenic field-programmable gate array (FPGA) controlling a switching matrix at 20 millikelvin which, in turn, manipulates a semiconductor qubit.
Surface codes: Towards practical large-scale quantum computation
Austin G. Fowler; Matteo Mariantoni; John M. Martinis; Andrew N. Cleland
This article provides an introduction to surface code quantum computing. We first estimate the size and speed of a surface code quantum computer. We then introduce the concept of the stabilizer, using two qubits, and extend this concept to stabilizers acting on a two-dimensional array of physical qubits, on which we implement the surface code. We next describe how logical qubits are formed in the surface code array and give numerical estimates of their fault-tolerance. We outline how logical qubits are physically moved on the array, how qubit braid transformations are constructed, and how a braid between two logical qubits is equivalent to a controlled-NOT. We then describe the single-qubit Hadamard, S and T operators, completing the set of required gates for a universal quantum computer. We conclude by briefly discussing physical implementations of the surface code. We include a number of appendices in which we provide supplementary information to the main text.
Impact of Large Scale Energy Efficiency Programs On Consumer Tariffs and Utility Finances in India
Abhyankar, Nikit; Phadke, Amol
Large-scale EE programs would modestly increase tariffs but reduce consumers' electricity bills significantly. However, the primary benefit of EE programs is a significant reduction in power shortages, which might make these programs politically acceptable even if tariffs increase. To increase political support, utilities could pursue programs that would result in minimal tariff increases. This can be achieved in four ways: (a) focus only on low-cost programs (such as replacing electric water heaters with gas water heaters); (b) sell power conserved through the EE program to the market at a price higher than the cost of peak power purchase; (c) focus on programs where a partial utility subsidy of incremental capital cost might work and (d) increase the number of participant consumers by offering a basket of EE programs to fit all consumer subcategories and tariff tiers. Large scale EE programs can result in consistently negative cash flows and significantly erode the utility's overall profitability. In case the utility is facing shortages, the cash flow is very sensitive to the marginal tariff of the unmet demand. This will have an important bearing on the choice of EE programs in Indian states where low-paying rural and agricultural consumers form the majority of the unmet demand. These findings clearly call for a flexible, sustainable solution to the cash-flow management issue. One option is to include a mechanism like FAC in the utility incentive mechanism. Another sustainable solution might be to have the net program cost and revenue loss built into utility's revenue requirement and thus into consumer tariffs up front. However, the latter approach requires institutionalization of EE as a resource. The utility incentive mechanisms would be able to address the utility disincentive of forgone long-run return but have a minor impact on consumer benefits. Fundamentally, providing incentives for EE programs to make them comparable to supply-side investments is a way of moving the electricity sector toward a model focused on providing energy services rather than providing electricity.
Capacitor placement and real time control in large-scale unbalanced distribution systems: Numerical studies
Wang, J.C.; Chiang, H.D.; Miu, K.N. [Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States). School of Electrical Engineering; Darling, G. [NYSEG Corp., Binghamton, NY (United States). Distribution System Dept.
A novel solution algorithm for capacitor placement and real-time control in real large-scale unbalanced distribution systems is evaluated and implemented to determine the number, locations, sizes, types and control schemes of capacitors to be placed on large-scale unbalanced distribution systems. A detailed numerical study regarding the solution algorithm in large scale unbalanced distribution systems is undertaken. Promising numerical results on both 292 bus and 394 bus real unbalanced distribution systems containing unbalanced loads and phasing and various types of transformers are presented. The computational performance for the capacitor control problem under load variations is encouraging.
Program for large-scale underground-coal-gasification tests
Hammesfahr, F.W.; Winter, P.L.
The continuing development of underground coal gasification technology requires extended multi-module field programs in which the output gas is linked to surface usage. This effort was to appraise whether existing surface facilities in the utility, petroleum refinery, or natural gas industries could be used to reduce the cost of such an extended multi-module test and whether regional demand in areas having underground coal gasification coal resources could support the manufacture of transportation fuels from underground coal gasification gases. To limit the effort to a reasonable level but yet to permit a fair test of the concept, effort was focused on five states, Illinois, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming, which have good underground coal gasification reserves. Studies of plant distribution located 25 potential sites within 3 miles of the underground coal gasification amenable reserves in the five states. Distribution was 44% to utilities, 44% to refineries, and 12% to gas processing facilities. The concept that existing surface facilities, currently or potentially gas-capable, might contribute to the development of underground coal gasification technology by providing a low cost industrial application for the gas produced in a multi-module test appears valid. To further test the concept, three industries were reviewed in depth. These were the electric utility, natural gas, and petroleum industries. When looking at a fuel substitution of the type proposed, each industry had its special perspective. These are discussed in detail in the report.
Bayesian Calibration of Expensive Multivariate
Oakley, Jeremy
Bayesian Calibration of Expensive Multivariate Computer Experiments Richard D. Wilkinson University of Sheffield This chapter is concered with how to calibrate a computer model to observational data when approach to calibration described here was first given by Kennedy and O'Hagan (2001). Their approach
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
of focus include magnetohydrodynamics, plasma turbulence andsystems, with a focus on the physics of plasmas in magneticas well as space plasmas. The focus of his work is on
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
Coherent Light Source (LCLS). d) Architectures with largeCoherent Light Source (LCLS) at SLAC National Acceleratorto chart new directions. At LCLS, the short duration of hard
Large Scale Production Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics: Target 2017
Gerber, Richard
in the use of High Performance Computing (HPC) and in factNERSC is the primary high-performance computing facility forthree major High Performance Computing Centers: NERSC and
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
geological structure and fluids, which relates to the grand challenge of integrated characterization,
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
photovoltaics; hydrogen storage; ultrathin epitaxial filmsstorage to obtain an accurate power spectrum, especially if the relatively rapid vibrational behavior of hydrogen
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Basic Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
Electronic Structure Calculations mp261 Multiscale Simulations of Particle-, Molecule-Surface Interactions, Simulations of nanowires: Structure, Dynamics,Electronic Structure Calculations Lin-Wang Wang 10 M Multiscale Simulations of Particle-, Molecule-Surface Interactions, simulations of nanowires: Structure, dynamics,
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences: Target 2017
Gerber, Richard
in the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment showing of the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment is shown
Water Consumption Footprint and Land Requirements of Large-Scale Alternative
on crude oil and the greenhouse gas intensity of transportation. However, the water and land resource-Tropsch MD from natural gas and coal; fermentation and advanced fermentation MD to: discover new interactions among natural and human climate system components; objectively assess
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences Research
Gerber, Richard
basic plasma science, including both burning plasma and low temperature plasma science and engineering, to enhance economic
Harvey Wasserman! Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for High Energy Physics
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level: National5Sales for4,645U.S. DOEThe Bonneville PowerCherries 82981-1cn SunnybankD.jpgHanford LEED&soil HanfordHappyHaroldHarvey Brooks,Harvey
California at Berkeley, University of
APPLICATIONS OF ALGEBRAIC MULTIGRID TO LARGE-SCALE FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF WHOLE BONE MICRO,5 Abstract. Accurate micro-finite element analyses of whole bones require the solution of large sets architectures. Key words. multigrid, trabecular bone, human vertebral body, finite element method, massively
Collaborative Visualization for Large-Scale Accelerator Electromagnetic Modeling
Schussman, Greg; /SLAC
In the Phase I SBIR we proposed a ParaView-based solution to provide an environment for individuals to actively collaborate in the visualization process. The technical objectives of Phase I were: (1) to determine the set of features required for an effect collaborative system; (2) to implement a two-person collaborative prototype; and (3) to implement key collaborative features such as control locking and annotation. Accordingly, we implemented a ParaView-based collaboration prototype with support for collaborating with up to four simultaneous clients. We also implemented collaborative features such as control locking, chatting, annotation etc. Due to in part of the flexibility provided by the ParaView framework and the design features implemented in the prototype, we were able to support collaboration with multiple views, instead of a simple give as initially proposed in Phase I. In this section we will summarize the results we obtained during the Phase I project. ParaView is complex, scalable, client-server application framework built on top of the VTK visualization engine. During the implementation of the Phase I prototype, we realized that the ParaView framework naturally supports collaboration technology; hence we were able to go beyond the proposed Phase I prototype in several ways. For example, we were able to support for multiple views, enable server-as well as client-side rendering, and manage up to four heterogeneous clients. The success we achieved with Phase I clearly demonstrated the technical feasibility of the ParaView based collaborative framework we are proposing in the Phase II effort. We also investigated using the web browser as one of the means of participating in a collaborative session. This would enable non-visualization experts to participate in the collaboration process without being intimidated by a complex application such as ParaView. Hence we also developed a prototype web visualization applet that makes it possible for interactive visualization over the web.
Colonius, Tim
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 ABSTRACT We develop a reduced order model for large-scale unsteadiness mass injection can pinch off vortices with a smaller size; accordingly, their convective velocity
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource over on Wind Energy Resource over Europe and its Intermittency Pascal Kriesche* and Adam Schlosser* Abstract
Programmable window : a large-scale transparent electronic display using SPD film
Ramos, Martin (Ramos Rizo-Patron)
This research demonstrates that Suspended Particle Device (SPD) film is a viable option for the development of large-scale transparent display systems. The thesis analyzes the SPD film from an architectural display application ...
A multiperiod optimization model to schedule large-scale petroleum development projects
Husni, Mohammed Hamza
This dissertation solves an optimization problem in the area of scheduling large-scale petroleum development projects under several resources constraints. The dissertation focuses on the application of a metaheuristic search Genetic Algorithm (GA...
Large scale oceanic circulation and fluxes of freshwater, heat, nutrients and oxygen
Ganachaud, Alexandre Similien, 1970-
A new, global inversion is used to estimate the large scale oceanic circulation based on the World Ocean Circulation Experiment and Java Australia Dynamic Experiment hydrographic data. A linear inverse "box" model is used ...
Large-Scale Evacuation Network Model for Transporting Evacuees with Multiple Priorities
Na, Hyeong Suk
There are increasing numbers of natural disasters occurring worldwide, particularly in populated areas. Such events affect a large number of people causing injuries and fatalities. With ever increasing damage being caused by large-scale natural...
A randomized Mirror-Prox method for solving structured large-scale ...
Dec 6, 2011 ... value optimization, large-scale problems, matrix exponentiation .... conclusions are demonstrated by numerical evidence: for solving problems (up to ...... To build such a procedure, we can specify T = T(?) in such a way.
Fault prophet : a fault injection tool for large scale computer systems
Tchwella, Tal
In this thesis, I designed and implemented a fault injection tool, to study the impact of soft errors for large scale systems. Fault injection is used as a mechanism to simulate soft errors, measure the output variability ...
Lundstrom, L.
No.2 LARGE SCALE PERMEABILITY TEST OF THE GRANITE' IN THEMINE AND, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TEST Lars Lundstrom and HakanSUMMARY REPORT Background TEST SITE Layout of test places
Census: Location-Aware Membership Management for Large-Scale Distributed Systems
Cowling, James Alexander
We present Census, a platform for building large-scale distributed applications. Census provides a membership service and a multicast mechanism. The membership service provides every node with a consistent view of the ...
Model-constrained optimization methods for reduction of parameterized large-scale systems
Bui-Thanh, Tan
Most model reduction techniques employ a projection framework that utilizes a reduced-space basis. The basis is usually formed as the span of a set of solutions of the large-scale system, which are computed for selected ...
Model-Constrained Optimization Methods for Reduction of Parameterized Large-Scale Systems
Tan, Bui-Thanh
Most model reduction techniques employ a projection framework that utilizes a reduced-space basis. The basis is usually formed as the span of a set of solutions of the large-scale system, which are computed for selected ...
Large-Scale Mapping and Validation of Escherichia coli Transcriptional Regulation
Collins, James J.
Large-Scale Mapping and Validation of Escherichia coli Transcriptional Regulation from a Compendium Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Boston
A statistical learning framework for data mining of large-scale systems : algorithms, implementation, and applications
Tsou, Ching-Huei, 1973-
A machine learning framework is presented that supports data mining and statistical modeling of systems that are monitored by large-scale sensor networks. The proposed algorithm is novel in that it takes both observations ...
Metal Catalyzed sp2 Bonded Carbon - Large-scale Graphene Synthesis...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Metal Catalyzed sp2 Bonded Carbon - Large-scale Graphene Synthesis and Beyond December 1, 2009 at 3pm36-428 Peter Sutter Center for Functional Nanomaterials sutter abstract:...
Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical and
Rohs, Remo
, Biochemical, Environmental, Petroleum Engineering and Nantoechnology. CHEMICAL&MATERIALSSCIENCE CHE OVERVIEW of Science 131 units · Chemical Engineering (Petroleum) Bachelor of Science 136 units · Chemical Engineering38 Chemical engineers design, control and optimize large-scale chemical, physicochemical
Bridging the Gap Between Commissioning Measures and Large Scale Retrofits in Existing Buildings
Bynum, J.; Jones, A.; Claridge, D.E.
Most often commissioning of existing buildings seeks to reduce a building's energy consumption by implementation of operational changes via the existing equipment. In contrast, large scale capital retrofits seek to make major changes...
Bridging the Gap Between Commissioning Measures and Large Scale Retrofits in Existing Buildings
Bynum, J.; Jones, A.; Claridge, D. E.
Most often commissioning of existing buildings seeks to reduce a building's energy consumption by implementation of operational changes via the existing equipment. In contrast, large scale capital retrofits seek to make major changes to the systems...
The role of large-scale, extratropical dynamics in climate change
Shepherd, T.G. [ed.
The climate modeling community has focused recently on improving our understanding of certain processes, such as cloud feedbacks and ocean circulation, that are deemed critical to climate-change prediction. Although attention to such processes is warranted, emphasis on these areas has diminished a general appreciation of the role played by the large-scale dynamics of the extratropical atmosphere. Lack of interest in extratropical dynamics may reflect the assumption that these dynamical processes are a non-problem as far as climate modeling is concerned, since general circulation models (GCMs) calculate motions on this scale from first principles. Nevertheless, serious shortcomings in our ability to understand and simulate large-scale dynamics exist. Partly due to a paucity of standard GCM diagnostic calculations of large-scale motions and their transports of heat, momentum, potential vorticity, and moisture, a comprehensive understanding of the role of large-scale dynamics in GCM climate simulations has not been developed. Uncertainties remain in our understanding and simulation of large-scale extratropical dynamics and their interaction with other climatic processes, such as cloud feedbacks, large-scale ocean circulation, moist convection, air-sea interaction and land-surface processes. To address some of these issues, the 17th Stanstead Seminar was convened at Bishop`s University in Lennoxville, Quebec. The purpose of the Seminar was to promote discussion of the role of large-scale extratropical dynamics in global climate change. Abstracts of the talks are included in this volume. On the basis of these talks, several key issues emerged concerning large-scale extratropical dynamics and their climatic role. Individual records are indexed separately for the database.
Large-Scale Urban Decontamination; Developments, Historical Examples and Lessons Learned
Rick Demmer
Recent terrorist threats and actual events have lead to a renewed interest in the technical field of large scale, urban environment decontamination. One of the driving forces for this interest is the real potential for the cleanup and removal of radioactive dispersal device (RDD or "dirty bomb") residues. In response the U. S. Government has spent many millions of dollars investigating RDD contamination and novel decontamination methodologies. Interest in chemical and biological (CB) cleanup has also peaked with the threat of terrorist action like the anthrax attack at the Hart Senate Office Building and with catastrophic natural events such as Hurricane Katrina. The efficiency of cleanup response will be improved with these new developments and a better understanding of the "old reliable" methodologies. Perhaps the most interesting area of investigation for large area decontamination is that of the RDD. While primarily an economic and psychological weapon, the need to cleanup and return valuable or culturally significant resources to the public is nonetheless valid. Several private companies, universities and National Laboratories are currently developing novel RDD cleanup technologies. Because of its longstanding association with radioactive facilities, the U. S. Department of Energy National Laboratories are at the forefront in developing and testing new RDD decontamination methods. However, such cleanup technologies are likely to be fairly task specific; while many different contamination mechanisms, substrate and environmental conditions will make actual application more complicated. Some major efforts have also been made to model potential contamination, to evaluate both old and new decontamination techniques and to assess their readiness for use. Non-radioactive, CB threats each have unique decontamination challenges and recent events have provided some examples. The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as lead agency for these emergency cleanup responses, has a sound approach for decontamination decision-making that has been applied several times. The anthrax contamination at the U. S. Hart Senate Office Building and numerous U. S. Post Office facilities are examples of employing novel technical responses. Decontamination of the Hart Office building required development of a new approach for high level decontamination of biological contamination as well as techniques for evaluating the technology effectiveness. The World Trade Center destruction also demonstrated the need for, and successful implementation of, appropriate cleanup methodologies. There are a number of significant lessons that can be gained from a look at previous large scale cleanup projects. Too often we are quick to apply a costly "package and dispose" method when sound technological cleaning approaches are available. Understanding historical perspectives, advanced planning and constant technology improvement are essential to successful decontamination.
Line scanning thermography for rapid nondestructive inspection of large scale composites
Chung, S. [Materials Sciences Corporation, Horsham, PA, 19044 (United States); Ley, O.; Godinez, V. [Mistras Group, Princeton Junction, NJ, 08550 (United States); Bandos, B. [Naval Surface Warfare Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19112-5083 (United States)
As next generation structures are utilizing larger amounts of composite materials, a rigorous and reliable method is needed to inspect these structures in order to prevent catastrophic failure and extend service life. Current inspection methods, such as ultrasonic, generally require extended down time and man hours as they are typically carried out via point-by-point measurements. A novel Line Scanning Thermography (LST) System has been developed for the non-contact, large-scale field inspection of composite structures with faster scanning times than conventional thermography systems. LST is a patented dynamic thermography technique where the heat source and thermal camera move in tandem, which allows the continuous scan of long surfaces without the loss of resolution. The current system can inspect an area of 10 in{sup 2} per 1 second, and has a resolution of 0.05x0.03 in{sup 2}. Advanced data gathering protocols have been implemented for near-real time damage visualization and post-analysis algorithms for damage interpretation. The system has been used to successfully detect defects (delamination, dry areas) in fiber-reinforced composite sandwich panels for Navy applications, as well as impact damage in composite missile cases and armor ceramic panels.
Optimizing Cluster Heads for Energy Efficiency in Large-Scale Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
Gu, Yi; Wu, Qishi; Rao, Nageswara S. V.
Many complex sensor network applications require deploying a large number of inexpensive and small sensors in a vast geographical region to achieve quality through quantity. Hierarchical clustering is generally considered as an efficient and scalable way to facilitate the management and operation of such large-scale networks and minimize the total energy consumption for prolonged lifetime. Judicious selection of cluster heads for data integration and communication is critical to the success of applications based on hierarchical sensor networks organized as layered clusters. We investigate the problem of selecting sensor nodes in a predeployed sensor network to be the cluster heads tomore »minimize the total energy needed for data gathering. We rigorously derive an analytical formula to optimize the number of cluster heads in sensor networks under uniform node distribution, and propose a Distance-based Crowdedness Clustering algorithm to determine the cluster heads in sensor networks under general node distribution. The results from an extensive set of experiments on a large number of simulated sensor networks illustrate the performance superiority of the proposed solution over the clustering schemes based onk-means algorithm.« less
Large-scale functional models of visual cortex for remote sensing
Brumby, Steven P [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Kenyon, Garrett [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Rasmussen, Craig E [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Swaminarayan, Sriram [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bettencourt, Luis [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Landecker, Will [PORTLAND STATE UNIV.
Neuroscience has revealed many properties of neurons and of the functional organization of visual cortex that are believed to be essential to human vision, but are missing in standard artificial neural networks. Equally important may be the sheer scale of visual cortex requiring {approx}1 petaflop of computation. In a year, the retina delivers {approx}1 petapixel to the brain, leading to massively large opportunities for learning at many levels of the cortical system. We describe work at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) to develop large-scale functional models of visual cortex on LANL's Roadrunner petaflop supercomputer. An initial run of a simple region VI code achieved 1.144 petaflops during trials at the IBM facility in Poughkeepsie, NY (June 2008). Here, we present criteria for assessing when a set of learned local representations is 'complete' along with general criteria for assessing computer vision models based on their projected scaling behavior. Finally, we extend one class of biologically-inspired learning models to problems of remote sensing imagery.
Building a Large Scale Climate Data System in Support of HPC Environment
Wang, Feiyi [ORNL] [ORNL; Harney, John F [ORNL] [ORNL; Shipman, Galen M [ORNL] [ORNL
The Earth System Grid Federation (ESG) is a large scale, multi-institutional, interdisciplinary project that aims to provide climate scientists and impact policy makers worldwide a web-based and client-based platform to publish, disseminate, compare and analyze ever increasing climate related data. This paper describes our practical experiences on the design, development and operation of such a system. In particular, we focus on the support of the data lifecycle from a high performance computing (HPC) perspective that is critical to the end-to-end scientific discovery process. We discuss three subjects that interconnect the consumer and producer of scientific datasets: (1) the motivations, complexities and solutions of deep storage access and sharing in a tightly controlled environment; (2) the importance of scalable and flexible data publication/population; and (3) high performance indexing and search of data with geospatial properties. These perceived corner issues collectively contributed to the overall user experience and proved to be as important as any other architectural design considerations. Although the requirements and challenges are rooted and discussed from a climate science domain context, we believe the architectural problems, ideas and solutions discussed in this paper are generally useful and applicable in a larger scope.
Active Set Algorithm for Large-Scale Continuous Knapsack Problems with Application to Topology Optimization Problems
Tavakoli, Ruhollah
The structure of many real-world optimization problems includes minimization of a nonlinear (or quadratic) functional subject to bound and singly linear constraints (in the form of either equality or bilateral inequality) which are commonly called as continuous knapsack problems. Since there are efficient methods to solve large-scale bound constrained nonlinear programs, it is desirable to adapt these methods to solve knapsack problems, while preserving their efficiency and convergence theories. The goal of this paper is to introduce a general framework to extend a box-constrained optimization solver to solve knapsack problems. This framework includes two main ingredients which are O(n) methods; in terms of the computational cost and required memory; for the projection onto the knapsack constrains and the null-space manipulation of the related linear constraint. The main focus of this work is on the extension of Hager-Zhang active set algorithm (SIAM J. Optim. 2006, pp. 526--557). The main reasons for this ch...
Testing of Large-Scale ICV Glasses with Hanford LAW Simulant
Hrma, Pavel R.; Kim, Dong-Sang; Vienna, John D.; Matyas, Josef; Smith, Donald E.; Schweiger, Michael J.; Yeager, John D.
Preliminary glass compositions for immobilizing Hanford low-activity waste (LAW) by the in-container vitrification (ICV) process were initially fabricated at crucible- and engineering-scale, including simulants and actual (radioactive) LAW. Glasses were characterized for vapor hydration test (VHT) and product consistency test (PCT) responses and crystallinity (both quenched and slow-cooled samples). Selected glasses were tested for toxicity characteristic leach procedure (TCLP) responses, viscosity, and electrical conductivity. This testing showed that glasses with LAW loading of 20 mass% can be made readily and meet all product constraints by a far margin. Glasses with over 22 mass% Na2O can be made to meet all other product quality and process constraints. Large-scale testing was performed at the AMEC, Geomelt Division facility in Richland. Three tests were conducted using simulated LAW with increasing loadings of 12, 17, and 20 mass% Na2O. Glass samples were taken from the test products in a manner to represent the full expected range of product performance. These samples were characterized for composition, density, crystalline and non-crystalline phase assemblage, and durability using the VHT, PCT, and TCLP tests. The results, presented in this report, show that the AMEC ICV product with meets all waste form requirements with a large margin. These results provide strong evidence that the Hanford LAW can be successfully vitrified by the ICV technology and can meet all the constraints related to product quality. The economic feasibility of the ICV technology can be further enhanced by subsequent optimization.
NV Energy Large-Scale Photovoltaic Integration Study: Intra-Hour Dispatch and AGC Simulation
Lu, Shuai; Etingov, Pavel V.; Meng, Da; Guo, Xinxin; Jin, Chunlian; Samaan, Nader A.
The uncertainty and variability with photovoltaic (PV) generation make it very challenging to balance power system generation and load, especially under high penetration cases. Higher reserve requirements and more cycling of conventional generators are generally anticipated for large-scale PV integration. However, whether the existing generation fleet is flexible enough to handle the variations and how well the system can maintain its control performance are difficult to predict. The goal of this project is to develop a software program that can perform intra-hour dispatch and automatic generation control (AGC) simulation, by which the balancing operations of a system can be simulated to answer the questions posed above. The simulator, named Electric System Intra-Hour Operation Simulator (ESIOS), uses the NV Energy southern system as a study case, and models the system's generator configurations, AGC functions, and operator actions to balance system generation and load. Actual dispatch of AGC generators and control performance under various PV penetration levels can be predicted by running ESIOS. With data about the load, generation, and generator characteristics, ESIOS can perform similar simulations and assess variable generation integration impacts for other systems as well. This report describes the design of the simulator and presents the study results showing the PV impacts on NV Energy real-time operations.
Nuzzer: A Large-Scale Device-Free Passive Localization System for Wireless Environments
Seifeldin, Moustafa
The widespread usage of wireless local area networks and mobile devices has fostered the interest in localization systems for wireless environments. The majority of research in the context of wireless-based localization systems has focused on device-based active localization, in which a device is attached to tracked entities. Recently, device-free passive localization (DfP) has been proposed where the tracked entity is neither required to carry devices nor participate actively in the localization process. DfP systems are based on the fact that RF signals are affected by the presence of people and objects in the environment. The DfP concept enables a wide range of applications including intrusion detection and tracking, border protection, and smart buildings automation. Previous studies have focused on small areas with direct line of sight and/or controlled environments. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and analysis of Nuzzer, a large-scale device-free passive localization system for real e...
Stability Analysis of Large-Scale Incompressible Flow Calculations on Massively Parallel Computers 1 Stability Analysis of Large-
Stability Analysis of Large-Scale Incompressible Flow Calculations on Massively Parallel Computers 1 Stability Analysis of Large- Scale Incompressible Flow Calculations on Massively Parallel disturbances aligned with the associated eigenvectors will grow. The Cayley transformation, cou- pled
A Systematic Approach to the Design of a Large Scale Detritiation System for Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion Experiments
A Systematic Approach to the Design of a Large Scale Detritiation System for Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion Experiments
A decomposition approach to optimal reactive power dispatch in large-scale power systems
Deeb, N.I.
Power systems network operation is aimed at reducing system losses and minimizing the operational cost while satisfying performance requirements in normal and contingency situations. In this project, the procedure for the reactive power optimization has the solutions for investment and operation subproblems. The global solution is an iterative process between these two subproblems using the Bender decomposition method. In the investment subproblem decisions for the capacity and location of new reactive sources are made. These decisions are used in the optimization of the system operation. The outstanding features of the proposed method are that it does not require any matrix inversion, will save computation time and memory space, and can be implemented on very large scale power systems. The method employs a linearized objective function and constraints, and is based on adjusting control variables which are tap positions of transformers and reactive power injections. Linear programming is used to calculate voltage increments, which would minimize transmission losses, and adjustments of control variables would be obtained by a modified Jacobian matrix. This approach would greatly simplify the application of Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition method for solving the operation subproblem. According to the mathematical features of the Dantzig-Wolfe method, a multi-area approach is implemented and system equations are decomposed into a master problem and several subproblems. The master problem is formed by constraints, which represent linking transmission lines between areas. Two updated techniques are incorporated in the method to enhance the optimization process, which would save additional computation time and memory space. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE-30 bus system, a 60-bus system, a 180-bus system and a 1200-bus system, and numerical results are presented.
A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage
Cui, Yi
A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage Yuan Yang,a Guangyuan Zhengb and Yi Cui*ac Large-scale energy storage represents a key challenge for renewable energy develop a new lithium/ polysulfide (Li/PS) semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage
Application of the Kellogg reforming exchanger system to large scale methanol plants
Joshi, G.; Schneider, R.V. III [M.W. Kellogg Co., Houston, TX (United States)
In a majority of existing methanol production facilities, synthesis gas is furnished typically by a tubular fired steam reformer which uses natural gas as a feedstock. When one considers all synthesis gas produced from both ammonia and methanol plants, well over 80% is produced in a conventional reforming furnace. Steam reforming in a conventional sense, however, requires a considerable investment in both capital equipment and on-going maintenance and further, the use of such a unit operation will require heat recovery in the form of steam which forces the hand of the designer with respect to machinery driver selection. The authors have investigated alternatives to the coinventional approach with a view towards developing a process for methanol production that would be hopefully less expensive to construct, easier to operate and more reliable over the course of long term operation. In this paper, the authors present an alternative methanol plant process based on Kellogg`s proprietary reforming exchanger system (KRES). The flowsheet presented herein is for a 1500 MTPD facility that will produce US Federal Grade AA + methanol and will be compared on an economic basis to a conventional plant with respect to investment requirements and expected energy efficiency.
A Minimal Model for Large-scale Epitaxial Growth Kinetics of Graphene
Jiang, Huijun
Epitaxial growth via chemical vapor deposition is considered to be the most promising way towards synthesizing large area graphene with high quality. However, it remains a big theoretical challenge to reveal growth kinetics with atomically energetic and large-scale spatial information included. Here, we propose a minimal kinetic Monte Carlo model to address such an issue on an active catalyst surface with graphene/substrate lattice mismatch, which facilitates us to perform large scale simulations of the growth kinetics over two dimensional surface with growth fronts of complex shapes. A geometry-determined large-scale growth mechanism is revealed, where the rate-dominating event is found to be $C_{1}$-attachment for concave growth front segments and $C_{5}$-attachment for others. This growth mechanism leads to an interesting time-resolved growth behavior which is well consistent with that observed in a recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiment.
What Will the Neighbors Think? Building Large-Scale Science Projects Around the World
Craig Jones, Christian Mrotzek, Nobu Toge and Doug Sarno
Public participation is an essential ingredient for turning the International Linear Collider into a reality. Wherever the proposed particle accelerator is sited in the world, its neighbors -- in any country -- will have something to say about hosting a 35-kilometer-long collider in their backyards. When it comes to building large-scale physics projects, almost every laboratory has a story to tell. Three case studies from Japan, Germany and the US will be presented to examine how community relations are handled in different parts of the world. How do particle physics laboratories interact with their local communities? How do neighbors react to building large-scale projects in each region? How can the lessons learned from past experiences help in building the next big project? These and other questions will be discussed to engage the audience in an active dialogue about how a large-scale project like the ILC can be a good neighbor.
Copy of Using Emulation and Simulation to Understand the Large-Scale Behavior of the Internet.
Adalsteinsson, Helgi; Armstrong, Robert C.; Chiang, Ken; Gentile, Ann C. [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Lloyd, Levi; Minnich, Ronald G.; Vanderveen, Keith; Van Randwyk, Jamie A; Rudish, Don W.
We report on the work done in the late-start LDRDUsing Emulation and Simulation toUnderstand the Large-Scale Behavior of the Internet. We describe the creation of a researchplatform that emulates many thousands of machines to be used for the study of large-scale inter-net behavior. We describe a proof-of-concept simple attack we performed in this environment.We describe the successful capture of a Storm bot and, from the study of the bot and furtherliterature search, establish large-scale aspects we seek to understand via emulation of Storm onour research platform in possible follow-on work. Finally, we discuss possible future work.3
Machinery and Equipment Expensing Deduction (Kansas)
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Machinery and Equipment Expensing Deduction allows Kansas taxpayers to claim an expense deduction for business machinery and equipment, placed in service in Kansas during the tax year. The one-time...
Diffuse Pionic Gamma-Ray Emission from Large Scale Structures in the FERMI Era
Aleksandra Dobardzic; Tijana Prodanovic
For more than a decade now the complete origin of the diffuse gamma-ray emission background (EGRB) has been unknown. Major components like unresolved star-forming galaxies (making SFCR gamma-ray emission are weak (above the observed EGRB) in some case, in others, some of our models can provide a good fit to the observed EGRB. More importantly, we show that these large-scale shocks could still give an important contribution to the EGRB, especially at high energies. Future detections of cluster gamma-ray emission would help place tighter constraints on our models and give us a better insight into large-scale shocks forming around them.
Theory of large-scale turbulent transport of chemically active pollutants
Chefranov, S.G.
This paper shows that ordered Turing structures may be produced in the large-scale turbulent mixing of chemically active pollutants as a result of statistical instability of the spatially homogeneous state. Threshold values are obtained for the variance of a random non-Gaussian velocity field, beyond which this statistical instability is realized even in two-component systems with quadratically nonlinear kinetics. The possibility for the formation of large-scale spatially non-homogeneous concentration distributions of chemically active pollutants by this mechanism is examined.
HR Department GUIDELINES RELATING TO INTERVIEW EXPENSES
Doran, Simon J.
be reimbursed in full. 2. Petrol expenses will normally be reimbursed at the University rate (currently 13.3p
Cosmological parameters from observational data on the large scale structure of the Universe
B. Novosyadlyj; R. Durrer; S. Apunevych
The observational data on the large scale structure (LSS) of the Universe are used to determine cosmological parameters within the class of adiabatic inflationary models. We show that a mixed dark matter model with cosmological constant ($\\Lambda$MDM model) and parameters $\\Omega_m=0.37^{+0.25}_{-0.15}$, $\\Omega_{\\Lambda}=0.69^{+0.15}_{-0.20}$, $\\Omega_{\
Large-Scale Fabrication, 3D Tomography, and Lithium-Ion Battery Application of Porous Silicon
Zhou, Chongwu
Large-Scale Fabrication, 3D Tomography, and Lithium-Ion Battery Application of Porous Silicon, United States *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Recently, silicon-based lithium-ion battery anodes have for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries with enhanced capacity and energy density. KEYWORDS: Cost
Pennycook, Steve
INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES AS PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS FOR LARGE- SCALE THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE Miroslaw storage performance. The expected immediate outcome of this effort is the demonstration of high-energy generation at high efficiency could revolutionize the development of solar energy. Nanoparticle-based phase
Comparison of large-scale field-aligned currents under sunlit and dark ionospheric conditions
Higuchi, Tomoyuki
geomagnetic activity as measured by the IMF BZ component. Result 1 can be partially explained in termsComparison of large-scale field-aligned currents under sunlit and dark ionospheric conditions S-aligned currents (FACs) under sunlit and dark ionospheric conditions. A total of $74,000 auroral oval crossings
A Climatology of Tropical Anvil and Its Relationship to the Large-Scale Circulation
Li, Wei
of anvil formation, and to provide a more realistic assessment of the radiative impact of tropical anvil on the large-scale circulation. Based on 10 years (1998-2007) of observations, anvil observed by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM...
Effects of large-scale distribution of wind energy in and around Europe
Effects of large-scale distribution of wind energy in and around Europe Gregor Giebel Niels Gylling energy in Europe? · Distribution of wind energy all over Europe leads to smoothing of the wind power energy can easily supply up to ~20% of the European demand. At this stage, · Less than 13% of the wind
A parallel revised simplex solver for large scale block angular LP problems
Hall, Julian
A parallel revised simplex solver for large scale block angular LP problems Julian Hall and Edmund Smith School of Mathematics University of Edinburgh 29th July 2010 A parallel revised simplex solver · Revised simplex method for BALP problems Basis matrix and its inversion Solution of linear systems
Energy Evaluation of PMCMTP for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
slots inside each Personal Area Network (PAN)), · Energy balancing and saving to prolong networkEnergy Evaluation of PMCMTP for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks Jamila Ben Slimane, Ye-Qiong Song, Anis Koub^aa§¶ and Mounir Frikha Sup'Com-MEDIATRON, City of Communication Technologies, 2083
Large Scale Volume Rendering in Immersive Environments with Direct Manipulation Widgets
Kniss, Joe Michael
Large Scale Volume Rendering in Immersive Environments with Direct Manipulation Widgets Master's Thesis Proposal Joe Michael Kniss May 15, 2001 1 Introduction 1.1 Thesis Statement Parallel rendering exploration. 1.2 Motivation Direct volume rendering has proven to be an important visualization tool
Fast Solver for Large Scale Eddy Current Non-Destructive Evaluation Problems
Fast Solver for Large Scale Eddy Current Non-Destructive Evaluation Problems Naiguang Lei Advisor: Lalita Udpa Thursday, July 31st, 2014 9:00-11:00am, EB2219 Abstract Eddy current testing plays a very, an alternating magnetic field source generates induced currents, called eddy currents, in an electrically
Model Institute of Energy Economics and the Rational Use of EnergyIER Changes of System Operation CostsCHANGES OF SYSTEM OPERATION COSTS DUE TO LARGE-SCALE WIND INTEGRATION Derk Jan SWIDER1 , Rüdiger-Essen, Germany 3 Risoe International Laboratory, Denmark Business and Policy Track: Integrating wind
Large-scale flow of geofluids at the Dead Sea Rift H. Gvirtzmana,*, E. Stanislavskyb
Gvirtzman, Haim
that has caused large-scale migration of brine and hydrocarbons at the Dead Sea Rift. Numerical simulations flow directions. The first is a density-driven migration of brine through deep aquifers from the rift reserved. Keywords: Groundwater; Brine; Hydrocarbons; Rift; Dead Sea; Modeling 1. The Dead Sea Rift
Page Digest for Large-Scale Web Services Daniel Rocco, David Buttler, Ling Liu
Rocco, Daniel
Page Digest for Large-Scale Web Services Daniel Rocco, David Buttler, Ling Liu Georgia Institute this storage and processing efficiently. In this paper, we introduce Page Digest, a mechanism for efficient storage and processing of Web documents. The Page Digest design encourages a clean separation
Large-scale hierarchical optimization for online advertising and wind farm planning
Eskenazi, Maxine
Large-scale hierarchical optimization for online advertising and wind farm planning Konstantin (particularly, spon- sored search) and wind farm turbine-layout planning. Whereas very different in specifics annealing and integer linear programming as our principled approach. Wind farm layout optimization
Mining Induced Seismicity -Monitoring of a Large Scale Salt Cavern Collapse
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Mining Induced Seismicity - Monitoring of a Large Scale Salt Cavern Collapse E. Klein* (Ineris), I ground failure phenomenon induced by old underground mining works, a field experiment was undertaken in collaboration with the SOLVAY mining company: a solution mine was instrumented in 2004 previously to its
I/O-Conscious Data Preparation for Large-Scale Web Search Engines
Chiueh, Tzi-cker
a general technique for efficiently car- rying out large sets of simple transformation or queryingI/O-Conscious Data Preparation for Large-Scale Web Search Engines Maxim Lifantsev Tzi-cker Chiueh of the transformation and querying operations that work with the data. This data and processing partitioning is natu
Large-scale Probabilistic Forecasting in Energy Systems using Sparse Gaussian Conditional Random Fields
Kolter, J. Zico
-Gaussian case using the copula transform. On a wind power forecasting task, we show that this probabilisticLarge-scale Probabilistic Forecasting in Energy Systems using Sparse Gaussian Conditional Random high-dimensional conditional Gaussian distributions to forecasting wind power and extend it to the non
Simulating the Power Consumption of Large-Scale Sensor Network Applications
Simulating the Power Consumption of Large-Scale Sensor Network Applications Victor Shnayder, Mark of the most important as- pects of sensor application design: that of power consump- tion. While simple approximations of overall power usage can be derived from estimates of node duty cycle and com- munication rates
Parameter identification in large-scale models for oil and gas production
Van den Hof, Paul
Parameter identification in large-scale models for oil and gas production Jorn F.M. Van Doren: Models used for model-based (long-term) operations as monitoring, control and optimization of oil and gas information to the identification problem. These options are illustrated with examples taken from oil and gas
Large-scale simulations of fluctuating biological membranes Andrea Pasqua,1,a
Oster, George
in their computational demands, these approaches are still limited in the scope of fluctuations and response they can's response to a prodding nanorod. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. doi:10.1063/1.3382349 I. INTRODUCTION feasibly capture. Extending computer simulations to examine large scale behaviors such as aggregation
PNNL-SA-XXXXX Ultra Large-Scale Power System Control and
Low, Steven H.
PNNL-SA-XXXXX Ultra Large-Scale Power System Control and Coordination Architecture A Strategic Institute of Technology Rick Geiger Utilities and Smart Grid Cisco Systems #12;#12;PNNL-SA-XXXXX #12;PNNL Richland, Washington 99352 #12;PNNL-SA-XXXXX #12;#12;PNNL-SA-XXXXX 1.0 Introduction Electric power grids
Gross, George
A TWO-STAGE APPROACH TO SOLVING LARGE-SCALE OPTIMAL POWER FLOWS *F e l i x F. Wu George Gross James problem is formulated as an unconstrained minimization problem using penalty functions and i s solved ] and Sasson and Merrill [ 3 ] . The s i z e and t h e extensive amount of computation involved i n solving t h
Large-Scale Analysis of Individual and Task Differences in Search Result Page Examination Strategies
Dumais, Susan
Large-Scale Analysis of Individual and Task Differences in Search Result Page Examination users examine results which are similar to those observed in small-scale studies. Our findings have differences on search result page examination strategies is important in develop- ing improved search engines
A steady-state L-mode tokamak fusion reactor : large scale and minimum scale
Reed, Mark W. (Mark Wilbert)
We perform extensive analysis on the physics of L-mode tokamak fusion reactors to identify (1) a favorable parameter space for a large scale steady-state reactor and (2) an operating point for a minimum scale steady-state ...
A Large-scale Benchmark Study of Existing Algorithms for Taxonomy-Independent
Slatton, Clint
A Large-scale Benchmark Study of Existing Algorithms for Taxonomy-Independent Microbial Community sequencing technology have created new op- portunities to probe the hidden world of microbes. Taxonomy: pyrosequencing, 16S rRNA, taxonomy independent analysis, massive data, clustering, microbial diversity estimation
Environmental impacts of large-scale grid-connected ground-mounted PV installations
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Environmental impacts of large-scale grid-connected ground-mounted PV installations Antoine Beylota-scale ground-mounted PV installations by considering a life-cycle approach. The methodology is based. Mobile PV installations with dual-axis trackers show the largest impact potential on ecosystem quality
A Scalable Model for Energy Load Balancing in Large-scale Sensor Networks
de Veciana, Gustavo
A Scalable Model for Energy Load Balancing in Large-scale Sensor Networks Seung Jun Baek we consider how one might achieve more balanced energy burdens across the network by spreading sinks change their locations to balance the energy burdens incurred accross the network nodes [1
Funding for Large-Scale Sustainable Energy Projects Combining Expert Opinions to Support Decisions
Mountziaris, T. J.
Funding for Large-Scale Sustainable Energy Projects Combining Expert Opinions to Support Decisions for a sustainable energy future? Three teams, UMass, Harvard, and FEEM (Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei), share a goal technologies to fund for optimal success for a sustainable energy future. Progress and Results · Created models
Polymeric Electro-optic Modulators: From Chromophore Design to Integration with Semiconductor Very Large Scale Integration
Polymeric Electro-optic Modulators: From Chromophore Design to Integration with Semiconductor Very Large Scale Integration Electronics and Silica Fiber Optics L. Dalton, A. Harper, A. Ren, F. Wang, G California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661 Chromophores with optimized second-order optical nonlinearity
Fluid computation of the performanceenergy trade-off in large scale Markov models
Imperial College, London
Fluid computation of the performanceÂenergy trade-off in large scale Markov models Anton Stefanek energy consumption while maintaining multiple service level agreements. 2. VIRTUALISED EXECUTION MODEL optimisation. We show how the fluid analysis naturally leads to a constrained global optimisation prob- lem
Wavelet Analysis for a New Multiresolution Model for Large-Scale Textured Terrains
Illes Balears, Universitat de les
Wavelet Analysis for a New Multiresolution Model for Large-Scale Textured Terrains MarĂa JosĂ© transmission of both geometry and textures of a terrain model. Wavelet Multiresolution Analysis is applied. An innovative texture synthesis process based on Wavelet classification is used in the reconstruction
Self-Organizing Fault-Tolerant Topology Control in Large-Scale Three-Dimensional
Wang, Yu
be deployed in three-dimensional (3D) space, such as under water wireless sensor networks in ocean or mobile to investigate self-organizing fault-tolerant topology control protocols for large- scale 3D wireless networks networks. Our simulation confirms our theoretical proofs for all proposed 3D topologies. Categories
Chimera: Large-Scale Classification using Machine Learning, Rules, and Crowdsourcing
Doan, AnHai
Chimera: Large-Scale Classification using Machine Learning, Rules, and Crowdsourcing Chong Sun1 has been published on how this is done in practice. In this paper we describe Chimera, our solution solutions cease to work. We describe how Chimera employs a combination of learning, rules (created by in
Large Scale Distribution of Stochastic Control Algorithms for Gas Storage Constantinos Makassikis, Stephane Vialle
Vialle, Stéphane
Large Scale Distribution of Stochastic Control Algorithms for Gas Storage Valuation Constantinos algorithm which is applied to gas storage valuation, and presents its experimental performances on two PC achieved in the field of gas storage valuation (see [2, 3] for example). As a result, many different price
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 1 Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable
Oren, Shmuel S.
. Index Terms--Load management, power generation scheduling, wind power generation. I. INTRODUCTION on power system operations it is necessary to represent the balancing oper- ations of the remaining gridIEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS 1 Large-Scale Integration of Deferrable Demand and Renewable
Facility Location under Demand Uncertainty: Response to a Large-scale Bioterror Attack
Dessouky, Maged
Facility Location under Demand Uncertainty: Response to a Large-scale Bioterror Attack Abstract In the event of a catastrophic bio-terror attack, major urban centers need to effi- ciently distribute large of a hypothetical anthrax attack in Los Angeles County. Keywords: Capacitated facility location, distance
Challenges and Opportunities in Large-Scale Deployment of Automated Energy Consumption
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
to the locational marginal price (LMP) at that bus. We show that a key challenge in large- scale deployment of ECS, locational marginal price. I. INTRODUCTION Real-time and time-of-use electricity pricing models can- edge among users on how to respond to time-varying prices and the lack of effective home automation
Large-Scale Patent Classification with Min-Max Modular Support Vector Machines
Lu, Bao-Liang
Large-Scale Patent Classification with Min-Max Modular Support Vector Machines Xiao-Lei Chu, Chao Ma, Jing Li, Bao-Liang Lu Senior Member, IEEE, Masao Utiyama, and Hitoshi Isahara Abstract-- Patent-world patent classification typically exceeds one million, and this number increases every year. An effective
Comparative Analysis of Balanced Winnow and SVM in Large Scale Patent Categorization
Steels, Luc
Comparative Analysis of Balanced Winnow and SVM in Large Scale Patent Categorization Katrien Beuls techniques, a collection of 1.2 million patent applications is used to build a classifier that is able). Contrary to SVM, Balanced Winnow is frequently applied in today's patent categorization systems. Results
Pevtsov, Alexei A.
emerging active region. We demonstrate that the effects of remote heating can be seen at significantON THE ROLE OF THE LARGE-SCALE MAGNETIC RECONNECTION IN THE CORONAL HEATING Alexei A. Pevtsov(1 changes in the magnetic connectivity, may play a role in coronal heating. To demonstrate the validity
Time series modeling and large scale global solar radiation forecasting from geostationary satellites data
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
1 Time series modeling and large scale global solar radiation forecasting from geostationary global solar radiation. In this paper, we use geostationary satellites data to generate 2-D time series of solar radiation for the next hour. The results presented in this paper relate to a particular territory
Crude closure dynamics through large scale statistical theories Marcus J. Grote and Andrew J. Majda
Majda, Andrew J.
Crude closure dynamics through large scale statistical theories Marcus J. Grote and Andrew J. Majda 10012-1185 Received 22 January 1997; accepted 9 July 1997 Crude closure algorithms based on equilibrium on equilibrium energy-enstrophy statistical theory, or two parameters, the energy and circulation, for crude
Parallel Implementation of a Large-Scale 3-D Air Pollution Model
Ostromsky, Tzvetan
Parallel Implementation of a Large-Scale 3-D Air Pollution Model Tzvetan Ostromsky1 and Zahari-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, email@example.com; http://www.dmu.dk/AtmosphericEnvironment Abstract. Air pollution and analyzed. Keywords: air pollution model, system of PDE's, parallel algorithm, shared memory computer
Introduction to a Large-Scale General Purpose Ground Truth Database: Methodology,
Zhu, Song Chun
is to build up a publicly accessible annotated image database with over 1,000,000 of images and more than 200, to make the database general enough to be used for different evaluation tasks, we need to build up in a universal way. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been much previous work on building a large scale
Large-Scale Urban Modeling by Combining Ground Level Panoramic and Aerial Imagery
Shahabi, Cyrus
building or part of a build- ing. Due to error propagation, they are difficult to scale up to model aerial image, we can identify the footprints(up to a common scale) of the buildings, in- cluding of multiple tall buildings. Existing methods for large-scale modeling mostly de- pend on remote sensing
Automated Data Verification in a Large-scale Citizen Science Project: a Case Study
Wong, Weng-Keen
Automated Data Verification in a Large-scale Citizen Science Project: a Case Study Jun Yu1 , Steve,firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract-- Although citizen science projects can engage a very large number with eBird, which is a broad-scale citizen science project to collect bird observations, has shown
Distributed Sampling-Based Roadmap of Trees for Large-Scale Motion Planning
Kavraki, Lydia E.
Distributed Sampling-Based Roadmap of Trees for Large-Scale Motion Planning Erion Plaku and Lydia E of the Sampling-based Roadmap of Trees (SRT) algorithm using a decentralized master-client scheme. The distributed that similar speedups can be obtained with several hundred processors. Index Terms-- motion planning, roadmap
Mining for Statistical Models of Availability in Large-Scale Distributed Systems
Kondo, Derrick
Mining for Statistical Models of Availability in Large-Scale Distributed Systems: An Empirical and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS 2009) B. Javadi (INRIA) Statistical Models of Availability MASCOTS 2009 1 / 34) Statistical Models of Availability MASCOTS 2009 2 / 34 #12;Introduction and Motivation P2P, Grid, Cloud
Simulation-based optimization of communication protocols for large-scale wireless sensor networks1
Maróti, Miklós
1 Simulation-based optimization of communication protocols for large-scale wireless sensor networks--The design of reliable, dynamic, fault-tolerant services in wireless sensor networks is a big challenge everyday life more comfortable, e.g. Intelligent Spaces [3]. These sensor networks often use distributed
Very Large Scale Open Wireless Sensor Network Testbed Clement Burin des Rosiers2
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
SensLAB Very Large Scale Open Wireless Sensor Network Testbed Cl´ement Burin des Rosiers2 wireless sensor network protocols and applications. SensLAB's main and most important goal is to offer examples to illustrate the use of the SensLAB testbed. Key words: Wireless Sensor Network, Testbed, Radio
SensLAB: a Very Large Scale Open Wireless Sensor Network Testbed
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
SensLAB: a Very Large Scale Open Wireless Sensor Network Testbed C. Burin des Rosiers2 , G. Chelius- tations of scalable wireless sensor network protocols and applications. SensLAB's main and most important demonstration examples to illustrate the use of the SensLAB testbed. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, Testbed
LARGE SCALE DIRECT SHEAR TESTING WITH TIRE BALES By: Christopher J. LaRocque1
Zornberg, Jorge G.
2 , Advisor Abstract: There are growing environmental interests in the utilization of recycled tireLARGE SCALE DIRECT SHEAR TESTING WITH TIRE BALES By: Christopher J. LaRocque1 and Jorge G. Zornberg bales for civil engineering applications. Due to their lightweight and free-draining properties, tire
U.S. Energy Infrastructure Investment: Large-Scale Integrated Smart Grid
research on challenges facing the electric power industry and educating the next generation of powerU.S. Energy Infrastructure Investment: Large-Scale Integrated Smart Grid Solutions with High Penetration of Renewable Resources, Dispersed Generation, and Customer Participation White Paper Power Systems
Analysis and Management of Heterogeneous User Mobility in Large-scale Downlink Systems
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Analysis and Management of Heterogeneous User Mobility in Large-scale Downlink Systems Axel M¨uller§, Emil Bj¨ornson§, Romain Couillet, and M´erouane Debbah§ Intel Mobile Communications, Sophia Antipolis, France ACCESS Linnaeus Centre, Signal Processing Lab, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Development and Deployment of a Large-Scale Flower Recognition Mobile App
engine and re- lies on computer vision recognition technology. The mobile phone app is available freeDevelopment and Deployment of a Large-Scale Flower Recognition Mobile App Anelia Angelova NEC Labs- eration of user generated content, especially from mobile de- vices, there is a need to develop
Performance of Hybrid Methods for Large-Scale Unconstrained Optimization as Applied
Navon, Michael
Performance of Hybrid Methods for Large-Scale Unconstrained Optimization as Applied to Models. It is shown that for the optimal parameters the hybrid approach is typically two times more efficient in terms1231, 2003 Key words: energy minimization; proteins; loops; hybrid method; truncated Newton; dielectric
Boyer, Edmond
A LARGE SCALE CONTINUUM-DISCRETE NUMERICAL MODELLING: APPLICATION TO OVERBURDEN DAMAGE OF A SALT damage on top of an underground solution mining, an in-situ experiment is undertaken above a salt cavity in the Lorraine region (NE of France). The overburden overlying the salt cavity is characterized by a competent
Personal Workspace for Large-Scale Data-Driven Computational Experiment
Plale, Beth
's personal workspace is a virtual repository of a user's data products. Its conceptual space is organizedPersonal Workspace for Large-Scale Data-Driven Computational Experiment Yiming Sun, Scott firstname.lastname@example.com email@example.com Abstract 1 -- As the scale and complexity of data-driven computational science
CrowdSC: Building Smart Cities with Large Scale Citizen Participation
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
CrowdSC: Building Smart Cities with Large Scale Citizen Participation Karim Benouaret1 , Raman/Inria/Universit´e de Lorraine, Villers-l`es-Nancy, France Abstract An elegant way to make cities smarter would CrowdSC, an effective crowdsourcing frame- work designed for smarter cities. We show that it is possible
Passive Network Performance Estimation for Large-Scale, Data-Intensive Computing
Weissman, Jon
--Distributed computing applications are increasingly utilizing distributed data sources. However, the unpredictable cost- intensive scientific workflows [3], [4]. For such data- intensive tasks, data access cost is a significant to consider data access cost in launching data-intensive computing applications. Large-scale computing
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
THE PREV AIR SYSTEM, AN OPERATIONAL SYSTEM FOR LARGE SCALE AIR QUALITY FORECASTS OVER EUROPE Author ABSTRACT Since Summer 2003, the PREV'AIR system has been delivering through the Internet1 daily air quality forecasts over Europe. This is the visible part of a wider collaborative project
A Programming Model for Context-Aware Applications in Large-Scale Pervasive Systems
Dustdar, Schahram
.g. pervasive health-care, city traffic monitoring, environmental monitoring, smart grids). These large- scale, and smart grids. These systems differ significantly from conventional context-aware systems, which focus. Examples of such trends are pervasive health-care, city traffic scheduling, environmental monitoring
Impacts of Shortwave Penetration Depth on Large-Scale Ocean Circulation and Heat Transport
Gnanadesikan, Anand
Impacts of Shortwave Penetration Depth on Large-Scale Ocean Circulation and Heat Transport COLM independent parameter- izations that use ocean color to estimate the penetration depth of shortwave radiation. This study offers a way to evaluate the changes in irradiance penetration depths in coupled ocean
Onix: A Distributed Control Platform for Large-scale Production Networks Teemu Koponen
Onix: A Distributed Control Platform for Large-scale Production Networks Teemu Koponen , Martin on top of which a network control plane can be implemented as a distributed system. Control planes written within Onix operate on a global view of the network, and use basic state distribution primitives
Hartley, Roger
INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEMS By Nadipuram R. Prasad Satish J. Ranade Electrical Engineering Department New Mexico) technologies to the operation and control of large scale interconnected electric power systems. A fundamental issue discussed in this paper is the control structure of power systems. An evaluation of the control
Large-scale molecular dynamics simulation of magnetic properties of amorphous iron under pressure
) Enhanced refrigerant capacity and magnetic entropy flattening using a two-amorphous FeZrB(Cu) compositeLarge-scale molecular dynamics simulation of magnetic properties of amorphous iron under pressure Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 232501 (2011) Nonlinear motion of magnetic vortex under alternating
Energy, water and large-scale patterns of reptile and amphibian species richness in Europe
Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel
Energy, water and large-scale patterns of reptile and amphibian species richness in Europe Miguel Á and amphibian species richness in Europe and 11 environmental variables related to five hypotheses, an estimate of plant biomass generated through satellite remote sensing, both described similar proportions
Large-scale hybrid poplar production economics: 1995 Alexandria, Minnesota establishment cost and management
Downing, M. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Langseth, D. [WesMinn Resource Conservation and Development District, Alexandria, MN (United States); Stoffel, R. [Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources, Alexandria, MN (United States); Kroll, T. [Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN (United States). Forestry Div.
The purpose of this project was to track and monitor costs of planting, maintaining, and monitoring large scale commercial plantings of hybrid poplar in Minnesota. These costs assists potential growers and purchasers of this resource to determine the ways in which supply and demand may be secured through developing markets.
Modeling the large-scale water balance impact of different irrigation systems
Evans, Jason
Modeling the large-scale water balance impact of different irrigation systems J. P. Evans1 and B. F precipitation causes the Turkish government to invest in modernizing its own irrigation systems balance impact of different irrigation systems, Water Resour. Res., 44, W08448, doi:10.1029/2007WR006671
Large-Scale Errors and Mesoscale Predictability in Pacific Northwest Snowstorms DALE R. DURRAN
Large-Scale Errors and Mesoscale Predictability in Pacific Northwest Snowstorms DALE R. DURRAN The development of mesoscale numerical weather prediction (NWP) models over the last two decades has made- search communities. Nevertheless, the predictability of the mesoscale features captured in such forecasts
Large-Scale Oceanographic Constraints on the Distribution of Melting and Freezing under Ice Shelves
Gnanadesikan, Anand
Large-Scale Oceanographic Constraints on the Distribution of Melting and Freezing under Ice Shelves received 10 October 2007, in final form 11 March 2008) ABSTRACT Previous studies suggest that ice shelves. Introduction Fifty percent of the Antarctic coastline is fringed by ice shelves (floating extensions
Categorised Ethical Guidelines for Large Scale Mobile HCI Donald McMillan
Chalmers, Matthew
University of Glasgow, UK email@example.com ABSTRACT The recent rise in large scale trials of community con- sensus can leave researchers unsure as to how to run a study which meets their ethical in Greenfield's Everyware book [18]. High-level guidelines such as `do no harm' and `default to harmlessness
Design Considerations for a Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Network for Substation Monitoring
Nasipuri, Asis
effective monitoring applications for the substation using low-cost wireless sensor nodes that can sustainDesign Considerations for a Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Network for Substation Monitoring Asis University City Blvd. Charlotte, NC 28223 Luke Van der Zel and Bienvenido Rodriguez Substations Group EPRI
Cloud Computing for Large-Scale Complex IT Systems The Proposers
St Andrews, University of
1 Cloud Computing for Large-Scale Complex IT Systems The Proposers This proposal aims to extend the consortium further as there are no obvious UK partners that would bring additional cloud computing expertise LSCITS consortium members Bristol and St Andrews, both of whom have LSCITS PhD students working in cloud
The impact of large scale biomass production on ozone air pollution in Joost B. Beltman a
Utrecht, Universiteit
The impact of large scale biomass production on ozone air pollution in Europe Joost B. Beltman by up to 25% and 40%. Air pollution mitigation strategies should consider land use management. a r t i Poplar a b s t r a c t Tropospheric ozone contributes to the removal of air pollutants from
Communications via Systems-on-Chips Clustering in Large-Scaled Sensor Networks
Fan, Jeffrey
node, the large-scaled senor network is proposed to be transformed into a maze diagram by a user of data, including temperature, humidity, pressure, noise levels, vehicular movement, etc to the functionalities of a highly scaled VLSI silicon chip with multi-cored environments. In other words, each SoC has
Impact of Wind Shear and Tower Shadow Effects on Power System with Large Scale Wind Power
Hu, Weihao
Impact of Wind Shear and Tower Shadow Effects on Power System with Large Scale Wind Power to wind speed variations, the wind shear and the tower shadow effects. The fluctuating power may be ableSILENT/PowerFactory. In this paper, the impacts of wind shear and tower shadow effects on the small signal stability of power systems
Advanced modeling of large-scale oxy-fuel combustion processes
Yin, Chungen
Advanced modeling of large-scale oxy-fuel combustion processes Chungen Yin Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark, firstname.lastname@example.com Introduction Oxy-fuel combustion simulations of various oxy- fuel combustion processes and experimental validation. Result · A new weighted
Does the Budget Surplus Justify Large-Scale Tax Cuts?: Updates and Extensions
Sadoulet, Elisabeth
Does the Budget Surplus Justify Large-Scale Tax Cuts?: Updates and Extensions Alan J. Auerbach agreed should not be used for tax cuts. All of the remaining "on-budget" surplus was due to implausible of the on-budget surplus was due to accumulations in government trust funds for medicare and pensions, which
Domain Controlled Architecture A New Approach for Large Scale Software Integrated Automotive Systems
Kühnhauser, Winfried
Domain Controlled Architecture A New Approach for Large Scale Software Integrated Automotive Scale Software Integration, LSSI, Automotive Real Time, Multi-core, Many-core, Embedded Automo- tive mobility domain. The automotive in- dustry is confronted with a rising system complexity and several
China's changing landscape during the 1990s: Large-scale land transformations estimated with satellite data
China's changing landscape during the 1990s: Large-scale land transformations estimated January 2005. [1] Land-cover changes in China are being powered by demand for food for its growing increased by 2.99 million hectares and urban areas increased by 0.82 million hectares. In northern China
Smart Home in a Box: A Large Scale Smart Home Deployment
Cook, Diane J.
Smart Home in a Box: A Large Scale Smart Home Deployment Aaron S. CRANDALL a and Diane J. COOK a,1 systems. This work summa- rizes some of the existing works and introduces the Smart Home in a Box (SHiB) Project. The upcoming SHiB Project targets building 100 smart homes in several kinds of living spaces
Invited Applications Paper Detecting Large-Scale System Problems by Mining Console Logs
Xu, Wei
. Researchers and operators have been using all kinds of mon- itoring data, from the simplest numerical metrics Problems by Mining Console Logs part operator, and charged with fixing the problem-- are usuallyInvited Applications Paper Detecting Large-Scale System Problems by Mining Console Logs Wei Xu xuw
Platform-of-Platforms: A Modular, Integrated Resource Framework for Large-Scale Services
Weissman, Jon
Platform-of-Platforms: A Modular, Integrated Resource Framework for Large-Scale Services Rahul there has been a great deal of research ac- tivity in the development of diverse network service platforms-tier resource platform may be a natural fit for such multi-tier network services. Figure 1: Hierarchical
Business Expense Guidelines Page 1 CALTECH BUSINESS EXPENSE GUIDELINES rev 09-12-05.doc
Goddard III, William A.
Business Expense Guidelines Page 1 CALTECH BUSINESS EXPENSE GUIDELINES rev 09-12-05.doc Office of Financial Services March 2003 Revision date: 9/12/05 #12;Business Expense Guidelines Page 2 CALTECH BUSINESS EXPENSE GUIDELINES rev 09-12-05.doc CCoonntteennttss 1. Introduction
Ikarus: Large-Scale Participatory Sensing at High Altitudes Michael von Kaenel, Philipp Sommer, and Roger Wattenhofer
Ikarus: Large-Scale Participatory Sensing at High Altitudes Michael von Kaenel, Philipp Sommer, and Roger Wattenhofer Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory ETH Zurich, Switzerland {vkaenemi,sommer
NERSC/DOE FES Requirements Workshop Presentations
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Presentations Workshop Presentations Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences An FES ASCR NERSC Workshop August 3-4, 2010 Sort by: Default |...
NERSC/DOE NP Requirements Workshop Participants
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics May 26-27, 2011 Name Organization Area DOE Program Managers Ted Barnes DOE Office of Nuclear Physics Nuclear...
NERSC/DOE FES Requirements Workshop Logistics
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Logistics Workshop Logistics Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Fusion Energy Sciences An FES ASCR NERSC Workshop August 3-4, 2010 Goals This workshop is being...
NERSC/DOE NP Requirements Workshop Logistics
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Hotel Hotel Arrangements Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics May 26-27, 2011 Location The workshop will be held at Hyatt Regency Bethesda One...
NERSC/DOE ASCR Requirements Workshop Logistics
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Logistics Workshop Logistics Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Advanced Scientific Computing Research January 5-6, 2011 Location The workshop will be held at...
NERSC/DOE NP Requirements Workshop Agenda
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Agenda Workshop Agenda Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics May 26-27, 2011 Chesapeak Suites Wireless Network: Hyatt Bethesda Meeting Room Meeting...
NERSC/DOE ASCR Requirements Workshop Agenda
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Agenda Workshop Agenda Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Advanced Scientific Computing Research ASCR NERSC Workshop January 5-6, 2011 >> Download and View these...
RODRIGUEZ, MARKO A. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; BOLLEN, JOHAN [Los Alamos National Laboratory; VAN DE SOMPEL, HERBERT [Los Alamos National Laboratory
The large-scale analysis of scholarly artifact usage is constrained primarily by current practices in usage data archiving, privacy issues concerned with the dissemination of usage data, and the lack of a practical ontology for modeling the usage domain. As a remedy to the third constraint, this article presents a scholarly ontology that was engineered to represent those classes for which large-scale bibliographic and usage data exists, supports usage research, and whose instantiation is scalable to the order of 50 million articles along with their associated artifacts (e.g. authors and journals) and an accompanying 1 billion usage events. The real world instantiation of the presented abstract ontology is a semantic network model of the scholarly community which lends the scholarly process to statistical analysis and computational support. They present the ontology, discuss its instantiation, and provide some example inference rules for calculating various scholarly artifact metrics.
Optimization of large-scale heterogeneous system-of-systems models.
Parekh, Ojas; Watson, Jean-Paul; Phillips, Cynthia Ann; Siirola, John; Swiler, Laura Painton; Hough, Patricia Diane (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Lee, Herbert K. H. (University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA); Hart, William Eugene; Gray, Genetha Anne (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Woodruff, David L. (University of California, Davis, Davis, CA)
Decision makers increasingly rely on large-scale computational models to simulate and analyze complex man-made systems. For example, computational models of national infrastructures are being used to inform government policy, assess economic and national security risks, evaluate infrastructure interdependencies, and plan for the growth and evolution of infrastructure capabilities. A major challenge for decision makers is the analysis of national-scale models that are composed of interacting systems: effective integration of system models is difficult, there are many parameters to analyze in these systems, and fundamental modeling uncertainties complicate analysis. This project is developing optimization methods to effectively represent and analyze large-scale heterogeneous system of systems (HSoS) models, which have emerged as a promising approach for describing such complex man-made systems. These optimization methods enable decision makers to predict future system behavior, manage system risk, assess tradeoffs between system criteria, and identify critical modeling uncertainties.
Formation of large-scale structures by turbulence in rotating planets
Constantinou, Navid C
This thesis presents a newly developed theory for the formation and maintenance of eddy-driven jets in planetary turbulence. The novelty is that jet formation and maintenance is studied as a dynamics of the statistics of the flow rather than a dynamics of individual realizations. This is pursued using Stochastic Structural Stability Theory (S3T) which studies the closed dynamics of the first two cumulants of the full statistical state dynamics of the flow after neglecting or parameterizing third and higher-order cumulants. With this statistical closure large-scale structure formation is studied in barotropic turbulence on a $\\beta$-plane. It is demonstrated that at analytically predicted critical parameter values the homogeneous turbulent state undergoes a bifurcation becoming inhomogeneous with the emergence of large-scale zonal and/or non-zonal flows. The mechanisms by which the turbulent Reynolds stresses organize to reinforce infinitesimal mean flow inhomogeneities, thus leading to this statistical state ...
Large-scale Ocean-based or Geothermal Power Plants by Thermoelectric Effects
Liu, Liping
Heat resources of small temperature difference are easily accessible, free and unlimited on earth. Thermoelectric effects provide the technology for converting these heat resources directly into electricity. We present designs of electricity generators based on thermoelectric effects and using heat resources of small temperature difference, e.g., ocean water at different depths and geothermal sources, and conclude that large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects are feasible and economically competitive. The key observation is that the power factor of thermoelectric materials, unlike the figure of merit, can be improved by orders of magnitude upon laminating good conductors and good thermoelectric materials. The predicted large-scale power plants based on thermoelectric effects, if validated, will have a global economic and social impact for its scalability, and the renewability, free and unlimited supply of heat resources of small temperature difference on earth.
An experimental investigation of sediment drag forces on offshore pipelines in large scale drag tank
Yin, Stanley Fuming
for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1984 Major Subject: Civil Engineering AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF SEDIMENT DRAG FORCES ON OFFSHORE PIPELINES IN A LARGE SCALE DRAG TANK A Thesis by STANLEY FUMING YIN Approved as to style and content by... An ever increasing demand for petroleum products and energy has led to accelerated exploration and development of oil and gas deposits. Pipelines serve as an effective, efficient and reliable means of trans- porting the oil and gas from offshore...
Energy Spectra of Quantum Turbulence: Large-scale Simulation and Modeling
Machida, Masahiko; Kano, Takuma; L'vov, Victor S; Rudenko, Oleksii; Tsubota, Makoto
In 2048^3 simulation of quantum turbulence within the Gross-Pitaevskii equation we demonstrate that the large scale motions have a classical Kolmogorov-1941 energy spectrum E(k) ~ k^{-5/3}, followed by an energy accumulation with E(k) ~ const at 1/k about the mean intervortex distance. This behavior was predicted by the L'vov-Nazarenko-Rudenko bottleneck model [Phys.Rev.B 76, 024520 (2007)], further developed in the Letter.
Final Report: Large-Scale Optimization for Bayesian Inference in Complex Systems
Ghattas, Omar [The University of Texas at Austin] [The University of Texas at Austin
The SAGUARO (Scalable Algorithms for Groundwater Uncertainty Analysis and Robust Optimiza- tion) Project focuses on the development of scalable numerical algorithms for large-scale Bayesian inversion in complex systems that capitalize on advances in large-scale simulation-based optimiza- tion and inversion methods. Our research is directed in three complementary areas: efficient approximations of the Hessian operator, reductions in complexity of forward simulations via stochastic spectral approximations and model reduction, and employing large-scale optimization concepts to accelerate sampling. Our efforts are integrated in the context of a challenging testbed problem that considers subsurface reacting flow and transport. The MIT component of the SAGUARO Project addresses the intractability of conventional sampling methods for large-scale statistical inverse problems by devising reduced-order models that are faithful to the full-order model over a wide range of parameter values; sampling then employs the reduced model rather than the full model, resulting in very large computational savings. Results indicate little effect on the computed posterior distribution. On the other hand, in the Texas-Georgia Tech component of the project, we retain the full-order model, but exploit inverse problem structure (adjoint-based gradients and partial Hessian information of the parameter-to- observation map) to implicitly extract lower dimensional information on the posterior distribution; this greatly speeds up sampling methods, so that fewer sampling points are needed. We can think of these two approaches as "reduce then sample" and "sample then reduce." In fact, these two approaches are complementary, and can be used in conjunction with each other. Moreover, they both exploit deterministic inverse problem structure, in the form of adjoint-based gradient and Hessian information of the underlying parameter-to-observation map, to achieve their speedups.
Results from large scale ultimate strength tests of K-braced jacket frame structures
Bolt, H.M.
Phase 2 of the JIP Frames Project included four large scale collapse tests of K-braced frames in which both gap and overlap K joints were the critical components. The results are presented in this paper. The local failure modes differed from typical isolated component tests, yet were representative of structural damage observed following Hurricane Andrew. The frame test results therefore provide important insight to the ultimate response of offshore jacket structures.
An Evaluation of the Network Simulators in Large-Scale Distributed Simulations
Ciraci, Selim; Akyol, Bora A.
This is a survey paper about the state-of-the-art in large-scale network simulation. Networks for the smart grids are characterized by millions of sensor nodes exchanging information about the status of the grid. This information exchange must be realized reliably and efficiently due to the mission critical nature of the power grid. Hence, the applications and the network protocols developed for the smart grid need go through rigorous testing and analysis before deployment. Developers usually do not have access to such a large-scale network that can be used as a controlled test-bed; therefore, network simulation becomes an essential tool for testing. Network simulation is a well studied problem in the literature and there are various widely used network simulators. These simulators can be adopted for testing applications and protocols of the smart grid. Due to the scale of these networks, parallel/distributed simulations need to be conducted. Even though most network simulators support distributed simulations, generating a large-scale network model to simulate can still be a cumbersome task. In this survey, we describe a selection of commonly used network simulators and evaluate them with respect to the following features that can aid users in distributed simulations of large-scale networks: transparency of setting up distributed simulation, automated topology generation, information hiding, lightweight routing protocols, network error simulation, evaluation of the network model during simulation and trace analysis tools. As a complementary result, we identify two issues with network simulators that can be addressed with runtime steering methods.
Evidence of Early Enrichment of the Galactic Disk by Large-Scale Winds
Tsujimoto, T; Freeman, K C
Large-scale homogeneous surveys of Galactic stars may indicate that the elemental abundance gradient evolves with cosmic time, a phenomenon that was not foreseen in existing models of Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). If the phenomenon is confirmed in future studies, we show that this effect, at least in part, is due to large-scale winds that once enriched the disk. These set up the steep abundance gradient in the inner disk (R <14 kpc). At the close of the wind phase, chemical enrichment through accretion of metal-poor material from the halo onto the disk gradually reduced the metallicity of the inner region, whereas a slow increase in the metallicity proceeded beyond the solar circle. Our "wind+infall" model accounts for flattening of the abundance gradient in the inner disk, in good agreement with observations. Accordingly, we propose that enrichment by large-scale winds is a crucial factor for chemical evolution in the disk. We anticipate that rapid flattening of the abundance gradient is the hallmark...
Using an Energy Performance Based Design-Build Process to Procure a Large Scale Low-Energy Building: Preprint
Pless, S.; Torcellini, P.; Shelton, D.
This paper will review a procurement, acquisition, and contract process of a large-scale replicable net zero energy (ZEB) office building. The owners developed and implemented an energy performance based design-build process to procure a 220,000 ft2 office building with contractual requirements to meet demand side energy and LEED goals. We will outline the key procurement steps needed to ensure achievement of our energy efficiency and ZEB goals. The development of a clear and comprehensive Request for Proposals (RFP) that includes specific and measurable energy use intensity goals is critical to ensure energy goals are met in a cost effective manner. The RFP includes a contractual requirement to meet an absolute demand side energy use requirement of 25 kBtu/ft2, with specific calculation methods on what loads are included, how to normalize the energy goal based on increased space efficiency and data center allocation, specific plug loads and schedules, and calculation details on how to account for energy used from the campus hot and chilled water supply. Additional advantages of integrating energy requirements into this procurement process include leveraging the voluntary incentive program, which is a financial incentive based on how well the owner feels the design-build team is meeting the RFP goals.
Karhunen-Loeve (PCA) based detection of multiple oscillations in multiple measurement signals from large-scale process plants
Wickerhauser, M. Victor
large-scale process plants P. F. Odgaard and M. V. Wickerhauser Abstract-- In the perspective of optimizing the control and operation of large scale process plants, it is important to detect and to locate oscillations in the plants. This paper presents a scheme for detecting and localizing multiple oscillations
Production cost and air emissions impacts of coal cycling in power systems with large-scale wind penetration
Jaramillo, Paulina
on dispatchable generating capacity, such as coal and natural gas power plants, which can be cycled in responseProduction cost and air emissions impacts of coal cycling in power systems with large-scale wind emissions impacts of coal cycling in power systems with large-scale wind penetration David Luke Oates
752 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 24, NO. 2, MAY 2009 Large-Scale Distribution Planning--Part
Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
methodology for low-voltage distribution network planning. Combined optimization of transformers, "Large-scale distribution planning--Part I: Simultaneous network and transformer optimization" [1752 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 24, NO. 2, MAY 2009 Large-Scale Distribution Planning
Cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry of large-scale wakes in the laboratory G. Perret, A. Stegner, and M. Farge
Stegner Alexandre
extreme cases, coherent cyclones do not emerge at all, and only an anticyclonic vortex street appears.6. Hence, we found that a large-scale wake could differ strongly from the classical Karman street when elongated. In the Earth's ocean, large-scale eddies such as submesoscale coherent vortex,5 meddies
Sub-metering to Electricity Use in Large-scale Commercial Buildings
Yuan, W.
~240Hotel251218113~129Office Building181118103~119government office building4582775~89 #0;?#0;? Great Difference between each type Sub-metering and statistics to electricity use in commercial buildings 5 Situation of Energy consumption in Large...Sub-metering to Electricity Use in Large-scale Commercial Buildings Wang YuanTsinghua University2006.11 Sub-metering and statistics to electricity use in commercial buildings 2 Index #0;?#0;? Situation of Energy consumption in commercial buildings...
Reduction of Ion Heating During Magnetic Reconnection by Large-Scale Effective Potentials
Haggerty, C C; Drake, J F; Phan, T D; McHugh, C T
Ion heating due to magnetic reconnection is an important process with applications to diverse plasmas, but previous simulations and observations have measured heating less than half oftheoretical predictions. Using kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, we show that this heating reduction is due to the presence of large scale parallel electric fields creating an effective field aligned potential which reduces the velocities of counterstreaming ions created by Fermi reflection. This potential arises to contain hot exhaust electrons, and an analytic form suitable for observations is derived.
Generation of large-scale magnetic fields from inflation in teleparallelism
Bamba, Kazuharu [Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602 (Japan); Geng, Chao-Qiang; Luo, Ling-Wei, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan (China)
We explore the generation of large-scale magnetic fields from inflation in teleparallelism, in which the gravitational theory is described by the torsion scalar instead of the scalar curvature in general relativity. In particular, we examine the case that the conformal invariance of the electromagnetic field during inflation is broken by a non-minimal gravitational coupling between the torsion scalar and the electromagnetic field. It is shown that for a power-law type coupling, the magnetic field on 1 Mpc scale with its strength of ? 10{sup ?9} G at the present time can be generated.
A subspace, interior, and conjugate gradient method for large-scale bound-constrained minimization problems
Branch, M.A.; Coleman, T.F.; Li, Y.
A subspace adaptation of the Coleman-Li trust region and interior method is proposed for solving large-scale bound-constrained minimization problems. This method can be implemented with either sparse Cholesky factorization or conjugate gradient computation. Under reasonable conditions the convergence properties of this subspace trust region method are as strong as those of its full-space version. Computational performance on various large test problems is reported; advantages of the approach are demonstrated. The experience indicates that the proposed method represents an efficient way to solve large bound-constrained minimization problems.
Large-Scale Parallel Finite Element Analysis of the Stress Singular Problems
Noriyuki Kushida; Hiroshi Okuda; Genki Yagawa [University of Tokyo (Japan)
In this paper, the convergence behavior of large-scale parallel finite element method for the stress singular problems was investigated. The convergence behavior of iterative solvers depends on the efficiency of the pre-conditioners. However, efficiency of pre-conditioners may be influenced by the domain decomposition that is necessary for parallel FEM. In this study the following results were obtained: Conjugate gradient method without preconditioning and the diagonal scaling preconditioned conjugate gradient method were not influenced by the domain decomposition as expected. symmetric successive over relaxation method preconditioned conjugate gradient method converged 6% faster as maximum if the stress singular area was contained in one sub-domain. (authors)
Turbulence Modelling and Stirring Mechanisms in the Cosmological Large-scale Structure
Iapichino, L; Niemeyer, J C; Merklein, J
FEARLESS (Fluid mEchanics with Adaptively Refined Large Eddy SimulationS) is a numerical scheme for modelling subgrid-scale turbulence in cosmological adaptive mesh refinement simulations. In this contribution, the main features of this tool will be outlined. We discuss the application of this method to cosmological simulations of the large-scale structure. The simulations show that the production of turbulence has a different redshift dependence in the intra-cluster medium and the warm-hot intergalactic medium, caused by the distinct stirring mechanisms (mergers and shock interactions) acting in them. Some properties of the non-thermal pressure support in the two baryon phases are also described.
Large-Scale Field Study of Landfill Covers at Sandia National Laboratories
Dwyer, S.F.
A large-scale field demonstration comparing final landfill cover designs has been constructed and is currently being monitored at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Two conventional designs (a RCRA Subtitle `D' Soil Cover and a RCRA Subtitle `C' Compacted Clay Cover) were constructed side-by-side with four alternative cover test plots designed for dry environments. The demonstration is intended to evaluate the various cover designs based on their respective water balance performance, ease and reliability of construction, and cost. This paper presents an overview of the ongoing demonstration.
Materials Science and Materials Chemistry for Large Scale Electrochemical Energy Storage: From Transportation to Electrical Grid
Liu, Jun; Zhang, Jiguang; Yang, Zhenguo; Lemmon, John P.; Imhoff, Carl H.; Graff, Gordon L.; Li, Liyu; Hu, Jian Z.; Wang, Chong M.; Xiao, Jie; Xia, Guanguang; Viswanathan, Vilayanur V.; Baskaran, Suresh; Sprenkle, Vincent L.; Li, Xiaolin; Shao, Yuyan; Schwenzer, Birgit
Large-scale electrical energy storage has become more important than ever for reducing fossil energy consumption in transportation and for the widespread deployment of intermittent renewable energy in electric grid. However, significant challenges exist for its applications. Here, the status and challenges are reviewed from the perspective of materials science and materials chemistry in electrochemical energy storage technologies, such as Li-ion batteries, sodium (sulfur and metal halide) batteries, Pb-acid battery, redox flow batteries, and supercapacitors. Perspectives and approaches are introduced for emerging battery designs and new chemistry combinations to reduce the cost of energy storage devices.
G. B. Dalton
The APM Cluster Survey was based on a modification of Abell's original classification scheme for galaxy clusters. Here we discuss the results of an investigation of the stability of the statistical properties of the cluster catalogue to changes in the selection parameters. For a poor choice of selection parameters we find clear indications of line-of-sight clusters, but there is a wide range of input parameters for which the statistical properties of the catalogue are stable. We conclude that clusters selected in this way are indeed useful as tracers of large-scale structure.
A model for red blood cells in simulations of large-scale blood flows
Simone Melchionna
Red blood cells (RBCs) are an essential component of blood. A method to include the particulate nature of blood is introduced here with the goal of studying circulation in large-scale realistic vessels. The method uses a combination of the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to account for the plasma motion, and a modified Molecular Dynamics scheme for the cellular motion. Numerical results illustrate the quality of the model in reproducing known rheological properties of blood as much as revealing the effect of RBC structuring on the wall shear stress, with consequences on the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Davis, Lloyd M.
addiction treatment Prescribed vitamins (requires written prescription from doctor) Eye examinations Special to obtaining medical treatment at a medical facility Braille books and magazines Medical out-of-pocket expenses surgery Orthodontic care Deductibles and co-payments ****Over-the-counter (OTC) expenses Dental out
Connecting the Physical Properties of Galaxies with the Overdensity and Tidal Shear of the Large-Scale Environment
Jounghun Lee; Cheng Li
We have examined the correlations between the large-scale environment of galaxies and their physical properties, using a sample of 28,354 nearby galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and the large-scale tidal field reconstructed in real space from the 2Mass Redshift Survey and smoothed over a radius of $\\sim 6 h^{-1}$Mpc. The large-scale environment is expressed in terms of the overdensity, the ellipticity of the shear and the type of the large-scale structure. The physical properties analyzed include $r$-band absolute magnitude $M_{^{0.1}r}$, stellar mass $M_\\ast$, $g-r$ colour, concentration parameter $R_{90}/R_{50}$ and surface stellar mass density $\\mu_\\ast$. Both luminosity and stellar mass are found to be statistically linked to the large-scale environment, regardless of how the environment is quantified. More luminous (massive) galaxies reside preferentially in the regions with higher densities, lower ellipticities and halo-like structures. At fixed luminosity, the large-scale overdensity depends strongly on parameters related to the recent star formation history, that is colour and D(4000), but is almost independent of the structural parameters $R_{90}/R_{50}$ and $\\mu_\\ast$. All the physical properties are statistically linked to the shear of the large-scale environment even when the large-scale density is constrained to a narrow range. This statistical link has been found to be most significant in the quasi-linear regions where the large-scale density approximates to an order of unity, but no longer significant in highly nonlinear regimes with $\\delta_{\\rm LS}\\gg 1$.
Large-scale tidal fields on primordial density perturbations ? .II Alignment of Cosmic Structures
Alejandro Gonzalez
We show that the primordial density field imposes certain degree of coherence in the orientation of density perturbations. We quantify the scale of coherence and show that is significant on scales of at least $30-40h^{-1}$Mpc, being more important in density fields with flat spectrum. Evidence is also presented that the reason for this coherence is that the long density waves are the dominant part of the superposition of waves which build the large-scale density peaks. As a consequence of this, small-scale peaks tend to follow the configuration of their host large-scale perturbations. Different types of alignments are investigated. It is shown that alignment of the major axes of neighbouring peaks is more prominent around the highest peaks than around the lower ones. Alignments between the major axes of peaks and the radius-vector joining their centre with the centre of a high peak were not observed. Evidence is presented that peaks develop tails extending to neighbouring peaks, as predicted by Bond (1987a, 1987b) and Bahcall (1987).
Comparison of the KAMELEON fire model to large-scale open pool fire data
Nicolette, V.F.; Gritzo, L.A. [Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (United States); Holen, J.; Magnussen, B.F. [SINEF/Norweigian Inst. of Tech., Trondheim (Norway). Div. of Applied Thermodynamics
A comparison of the KAMELEON Fire model to large-scale open pool fire experimental data is presented. The model was used to calculate large-scale JP-4 pool fires with and without wind, and with and without large objects in the fire. The effect of wind and large objects on the fire environment is clearly seen. For the pool fire calculations without any object in the fire, excellent agreement is seen in the location of the oxygen-starved region near the pool center. Calculated flame temperatures are about 200--300 K higher than measured. This results in higher heat fluxes back to the fuel pool and higher fuel evaporation rates (by a factor of 2). Fuel concentrations at lower elevations and peak soot concentrations are in good agreement with data. For pool fire calculations with objects, similar trends in the fire environment are observed. Excellent agreement is seen in the distribution of the heat flux around a cylindrical calorimeter in a rectangular pool with wind effects. The magnitude of the calculated heat flux to the object is high by a factor of 2 relative to the test data, due to the higher temperatures calculated. For the case of a large flat plate adjacent to a circular pool, excellent qualitative agreement is seen in the predicted and measured flame shapes as a function of wind.
Partition-of-unity finite-element method for large scale quantum molecular dynamics on massively parallel computational platforms
Pask, J E; Sukumar, N; Guney, M; Hu, W
Over the course of the past two decades, quantum mechanical calculations have emerged as a key component of modern materials research. However, the solution of the required quantum mechanical equations is a formidable task and this has severely limited the range of materials systems which can be investigated by such accurate, quantum mechanical means. The current state of the art for large-scale quantum simulations is the planewave (PW) method, as implemented in now ubiquitous VASP, ABINIT, and QBox codes, among many others. However, since the PW method uses a global Fourier basis, with strictly uniform resolution at all points in space, and in which every basis function overlaps every other at every point, it suffers from substantial inefficiencies in calculations involving atoms with localized states, such as first-row and transition-metal atoms, and requires substantial nonlocal communications in parallel implementations, placing critical limits on scalability. In recent years, real-space methods such as finite-differences (FD) and finite-elements (FE) have been developed to address these deficiencies by reformulating the required quantum mechanical equations in a strictly local representation. However, while addressing both resolution and parallel-communications problems, such local real-space approaches have been plagued by one key disadvantage relative to planewaves: excessive degrees of freedom (grid points, basis functions) needed to achieve the required accuracies. And so, despite critical limitations, the PW method remains the standard today. In this work, we show for the first time that this key remaining disadvantage of real-space methods can in fact be overcome: by building known atomic physics into the solution process using modern partition-of-unity (PU) techniques in finite element analysis. Indeed, our results show order-of-magnitude reductions in basis size relative to state-of-the-art planewave based methods. The method developed here is completely general, applicable to any crystal symmetry and to both metals and insulators alike. We have developed and implemented a full self-consistent Kohn-Sham method, including both total energies and forces for molecular dynamics, and developed a full MPI parallel implementation for large-scale calculations. We have applied the method to the gamut of physical systems, from simple insulating systems with light atoms to complex d- and f-electron systems, requiring large numbers of atomic-orbital enrichments. In every case, the new PU FE method attained the required accuracies with substantially fewer degrees of freedom, typically by an order of magnitude or more, than the current state-of-the-art PW method. Finally, our initial MPI implementation has shown excellent parallel scaling of the most time-critical parts of the code up to 1728 processors, with clear indications of what will be required to achieve comparable scaling for the rest. Having shown that the key remaining disadvantage of real-space methods can in fact be overcome, the work has attracted significant attention: with sixteen invited talks, both domestic and international, so far; two papers published and another in preparation; and three new university and/or national laboratory collaborations, securing external funding to pursue a number of related research directions. Having demonstrated the proof of principle, work now centers on the necessary extensions and optimizations required to bring the prototype method and code delivered here to production applications.
This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 1
Kambhampati, Subbarao
, and consequently, large memory power consumption. Voltage scaling is an effective way of reducing memory power as presented, with the exception of pagination. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI transform coefficients to identify and remove SRAM errors. These techniques do not require any additional
Selection of components for the IDEALHY preferred cycle for the large scale liquefaction of hydrogen
Quack, H.; Seemann, I.; Klaus, M.; Haberstroh, Ch. [Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden (Germany); Berstad, D.; Walnum, H. T.; Neksa, P. [SINTEF Energy Research, Trondheim (Norway); Decker, L. [Linde Kryotechnik AG, Pfungen (Switzerland)
In a future energy scenario, in which storage and transport of liquid hydrogen in large quantities will be used, the efficiency of the liquefaction of hydrogen will be of utmost importance. The goal of the IDEALHY working party is to identify the most promising process for a 50 t/d plant and to select the components, with which such a process can be realized. In the first stage the team has compared several processes, which have been proposed or realized in the past. Based on this information a process has been selected, which is thermodynamically most promising and for which it could be assumed that good components already exist or can be developed in the foreseeable future. Main features of the selected process are the compression of the feed stream to a relatively high pressure level, o-p conversion inside plate-fin heat exchangers and expansion turbines in the supercritical region. Precooling to a temperature between 150 and 100 K will be obtained from a mixed refrigerant cycle similar to the systems used successfully in natural gas liquefaction plants. The final cooling will be produced by two Brayton cycles, both having several expansion turbines in series. The selected overall process has still a number of parameters, which can be varied. The optimum, i.e. the final choice will depend mainly on the quality of the available components. Key components are the expansion turbines of the two Brayton cycles and the main recycle compressor, which may be common to both Brayton cycles. A six-stage turbo-compressor with intercooling between the stages is expected to be the optimum choice here. Each stage may consist of several wheels in series. To make such a high efficient and cost-effective compressor feasible, one has to choose a refrigerant, which has a higher molecular weight than helium. The present preferred choice is a mixture of helium and neon with a molecular weight of about 8 kg/kmol. Such an expensive refrigerant requires that the whole refrigeration loop is extremely tight.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 12, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2004 1263 SOC Test Planning Using Virtual Test
Chakrabarty, Krishnendu
(Cost of investing in a new ATE, also known as Capital Expenditure): Complex cores often re- quire test cost requires that once a new, expensive ATE has been purchased, its resources must be utilized-speed ATE channels to drive slower scan chains leads to an underutilization of resources, thereby resulting
Impact of Potential Large-Scale Irrigation on the West African Monsoon and Its Dependence on Location of Irrigated Area
Im, Eun-Soon
This study investigates the impact of potential large-scale irrigation on the West African monsoon using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology regional climate model (MRCM). A new irrigation module is implemented to ...
Solar Power in the Desert: Are the current large-scale solar developments really improving California's environment?
Allen, Michael F.; McHughen, Alan
D EVELOPMENT I SSUES Solar Power in the Desert: Are the2 Most of the large-scale solar power projects utilize largethat will be affected by solar power facilities. There are
The Role of the state in large-scale hydropower development perspectives from Chile, Ecuador, and Perú
Zambrano-Barragán, Patricio Xavier
In recent years, governments in South America have turned to large-scale hydropower as a cost-effective way to improve livelihoods while addressing the energy 'trilemma': ensuring that future energy technologies provide ...
Agile project dynamics : a strategic project management approach to the study of large-scale software development using system dynamics
Glaiel, Firas (Firas S.)
Large-scale software engineering organizations have traditionally used plan-driven, heavyweight, waterfall-style approaches for the planning, execution, and monitoring of software development efforts. This approach often ...
Generation of acoustic-gravity waves in ionospheric HF heating experiments : simulating large-scale natural heat sources
Pradipta, Rezy
In this thesis, we investigate the potential role played by large-scale anomalous heat sources (e.g. prolonged heat wave events) in generating acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) that might trigger widespread plasma turbulence ...
Model As-of Right Zoning Ordinance or Bylaw: Allowing Use of Large-Scale Solar Energy Facilities
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Note: This model ordinance was designed to provide guidance to local governments seeking to develop siting rules for large-scale, ground-mounted solar (250 kW and above). While it was developed as...
Application and Mode Establishment of Asset-backed Securitization in Existing Large-scale Public Building Retrofit Financing in China
Sun, J.; Wu, Y.; Dai, Z.; Hao, Y.
Statistical data for 2005 show that electrical consumption of large-scale public buildings occupying 5 percent of total residential construction area equals 50 percent of the total residential electrical consumption in Beijing. It is necessary...
On scale and magnitude of pressure build-up induced by large-scale geologic storage of CO2
Zhou, Q.
activities, such as oil production. Large-scale pressureannual volume of world oil production and the pore volumem 3 . In 2006, the world oil production was 4.3 km 3 (73.46
The Association of Large-Scale Climate Variability and Teleconnections on Wind Energy Resource over Europe and its Intermittency
Kriesche, Pascal
In times of increasing importance of wind power in the world's energy mix, this study focuses on a better understanding of the influences of large-scale climate variability on wind power resource over Europe. The impact ...
Large-scale eddies and their role in entrainment in turbulent jets and wakes Jimmy Philip and Ivan Marusic
Marusic, Ivan
Large-scale eddies and their role in entrainment in turbulent jets and wakes Jimmy Philip and Ivan jets and wakes Jimmy Philipa) and Ivan Marusicb) Department of Mechanical Engineering, University
Survey of Climate Conditions for Demonstration of a Large Scale of Solar Energy Heating in Xi'an
Li, A.; Liu, Y.
Energiae Solaris Sinica" and the "Solar Energy" journal[6]. It accelerated application of solar energy in the northwest in China. Today, 25 years later, Xi?an is selected to demonstrate the large scale solar energy application in urban residential...
Hydromagnetics of advective accretion flows around black holes: Removal of angular momentum by large scale magnetic stresses
Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
We show that the removal of angular momentum is possible in the presence of large scale magnetic stresses in geometrically thick, advective, sub-Keplerian accretion flows around black holes in steady-state, in the complete absence of alpha-viscosity. The efficiency of such an angular momentum transfer could be equivalent to that of alpha-viscosity with alpha=0.01-0.08. Nevertheless, required field is well below its equipartition value, leading to a magnetically stable disk flow. This is essentially important in order to describe the hard spectral state of the sources, when the flow is non/sub-Keplerian. We show in our simpler 1.5-dimensional, vertically averaged disk model that larger the vertical-gradient of azimuthal component of magnetic field, stronger the rate of angular momentum transfer is, which in turn may lead to a faster rate of outflowing matter. Finding efficient angular momentum transfer, in black hole disks, via magnetic stresses alone is very interesting, when the generic origin of alpha-visco...
Large-scale energy spectra in surface quasi-geostrophic turbulence
Chuong V. Tran; John C. Bowman
The large-scale energy spectrum in two-dimensional turbulence governed by the surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation $$\\partial_t(-\\Delta)^{1/2}\\psi+J(\\psi,(-\\Delta)^{1/2}\\psi) =\\mu\\Delta\\psi+f$$ is studied. The nonlinear transfer of this system conserves the two quadratic quantities $\\Psi_1=/2$ and $\\Psi_2=/2$ (kinetic energy), where $$ denotes a spatial average. The energy density $\\Psi_2$ is bounded and its spectrum $\\Psi_2(k)$ is shallower than $k^{-1}$ in the inverse-transfer range. For bounded turbulence, $\\Psi_2(k)$ in the low-wavenumber region can be bounded by $Ck$ where $C$ is a constant independent of $k$ but dependent on the domain size. Results from numerical simulations confirming the theoretical predictions are presented.
Fractal Holography: a geometric re-interpretation of cosmological large scale structure
J. R. Mureika
The fractal dimension of large-scale galaxy clustering has been demonstrated to be roughly $D_F \\sim 2$ from a wide range of redshift surveys. If correct, this statistic is of interest for two main reasons: fractal scaling is an implicit representation of information content, and also the value itself is a geometric signature of area. It is proposed that the fractal distribution of galaxies may thus be interpreted as a signature of holography (``fractal holography''), providing more support for current theories of holographic cosmologies. Implications for entropy bounds are addressed. In particular, because of spatial scale invariance in the matter distribution, it is shown that violations of the spherical entropy bound can be removed. This holographic condition instead becomes a rigid constraint on the nature of the matter density and distribution in the Universe. Inclusion of a dark matter distribution is also discussed, based on theoretical considerations of possible universal CDM density profiles.
Fractal large-scale structure from a stochastic scaling law model
S. Capozziello; S. Funkhouser
A stochastic model relating the parameters of astrophysical structures to the parameters of their granular components is applied to the formation of hierarchical, large-scale structures from galaxies assumed as point-like objects. If the density profile of galaxies on a given scale is described by a power law then the stochastic model leads naturally to a mass function that is proportional to the square of the distance from an occupied point, which corresponds to a two-point correlation function that is inversely proportional to the distance. This result is consistent with observations indicating that galaxies are, on the largest scales, characterized by a fractal distribution with a dimension of order 2 and well-fit with transition to homogeneity at cosmological scales.
Large scale flows in the solar interior: Effect of asymmetry in peak profiles
Sarbani Basu; H. M. Antia
Ring diagram analysis can be used to study large scale velocity fields in the outer part of the solar convection zone. All previous works assume that the peak profiles in the solar oscillation power spectrum are symmetric. However, it has now been demonstrated that the peaks are not symmetric. In this work we study how the explicit use of asymmetric peak profiles in ring-diagram analysis influences the estimated velocity fields. We find that the use of asymmetric profiles leads to significant improvement in the fits, but the estimated velocity fields are not substantially different from those obtained using a symmetric profile to fit the peaks. The resulting velocity fields are compared with those obtained by other investigators.
Infrared spectroscopy of large scale single layer graphene on self assembled organic monolayer
Woo Kim, Nak; Youn Kim, Joo; Lee, Chul; Choi, E. J., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics, University of Seoul, Seoul 130-743 (Korea, Republic of); Jin Kim, Sang; Hee Hong, Byung [Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742 (Korea, Republic of)
We study the effect of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) organic molecule substrate on large scale single layer graphene using infrared transmission measurement on Graphene/SAM/SiO{sub 2}/Si composite samples. From the Drude weight of the chemically inert CH{sub 3}-SAM, the electron-donating NH{sub 2}-SAM, and the SAM-less graphene, we determine the carrier density doped into graphene by the three sources—the SiO{sub 2} substrate, the gas-adsorption, and the functional group of the SAM's—separately. The SAM-treatment leads to the low carrier density N???4?×?10{sup 11}?cm{sup ?2} by blocking the dominant SiO{sub 2}- driven doping. The carrier scattering increases by the SAM-treatment rather than decreases. However, the transport mobility is nevertheless improved due to the reduced carrier doping.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations from SNL's Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS)
DOE Data Explorer [Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)]
Plimpton, Steve; Thompson, Aidan; Crozier, Paul
LAMMPS (http://lammps.sandia.gov/index.html) stands for Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator and is a code that can be used to model atoms or, as the LAMMPS website says, as a parallel particle simulator at the atomic, meso, or continuum scale. This Sandia-based website provides a long list of animations from large simulations. These were created using different visualization packages to read LAMMPS output, and each one provides the name of the PI and a brief description of the work done or visualization package used. See also the static images produced from simulations at http://lammps.sandia.gov/pictures.html The foundation paper for LAMMPS is: S. Plimpton, Fast Parallel Algorithms for Short-Range Molecular Dynamics, J Comp Phys, 117, 1-19 (1995), but the website also lists other papers describing contributions to LAMMPS over the years.
Large-Scale Structure in the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey
Christopher R. Mullis
We have used the ROSAT All-Sky Survey around the North Ecliptic Pole to construct a complete sample of galaxy clusters. The deep and contiguous nature of the survey affords us the opportunity to examine large-scale structure in the Universe on scales of hundreds of megaparsecs. We have identified over 99% of the 446 X-ray sources in the survey area. The cluster sample consists of 65 objects with redshifts approaching unity. Surprisingly, some 20% of the clusters exists in a wall-like structure at z=0.088 spanning the entire 9 deg x 9 deg survey region. This is a very significant extension of both the membership and the spatial extent to a known supercluster in this location.
Bayesian reconstruction of the cosmological large-scale structure: methodology, inverse algorithms and numerical optimization
Kitaura, F S
We address the inverse problem of cosmic large-scale structure reconstruction from a Bayesian perspective. For a linear data model, a number of known and novel reconstruction schemes, which differ in terms of the underlying signal prior, data likelihood, and numerical inverse extra-regularization schemes are derived and classified. The Bayesian methodology presented in this paper tries to unify and extend the following methods: Wiener-filtering, Tikhonov regularization, Ridge regression, Maximum Entropy, and inverse regularization techniques. The inverse techniques considered here are the asymptotic regularization, the Jacobi, Steepest Descent, Newton-Raphson, Landweber-Fridman, and both linear and non-linear Krylov methods based on Fletcher-Reeves, Polak-Ribiere, and Hestenes-Stiefel Conjugate Gradients. The structures of the up-to-date highest-performing algorithms are presented, based on an operator scheme, which permits one to exploit the power of fast Fourier transforms. Using such an implementation of t...
A review of large-scale LNG spills : experiment and modeling.
Luketa-Hanlin, Anay Josephine
The prediction of the possible hazards associated with the storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by ship has motivated a substantial number of experimental and analytical studies. This paper reviews the experimental and analytical work performed to date on large-scale spills of LNG. Specifically, experiments on the dispersion of LNG, as well as experiments of LNG fires from spills on water and land are reviewed. Explosion, pool boiling, and rapid phase transition (RPT) explosion studies are described and discussed, as well as models used to predict dispersion and thermal hazard distances. Although there have been significant advances in understanding the behavior of LNG spills, technical knowledge gaps to improve hazard prediction are identified. Some of these gaps can be addressed with current modeling and testing capabilities. A discussion of the state of knowledge and recommendations to further improve the understanding of the behavior of LNG spills on water is provided.
Large Scale Structure in the Local Universe: The 2MASS Galaxy Catalog
Thomas Jarrett
Using twin ground-based telescopes, the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) scanned both equatorial hemi- spheres, detecting more than 500 million stars and resolving more than 1.5 million galaxies in the near-infrared (1 - 2.2 microns) bands. The Extended Source "Galaxy" Catalog (XSC) embodies both photometric and astrometric whole sky uniformity, revealing large scale structures in the local Universe and extending our view into the Milky Way's dust-obscured "Zone of Avoidance." The XSC represents a uniquely unbiased sample of "normal" galaxies, particularly sensitive to the underlying, dominant, stellar mass component of galaxies. The basic properties of the XSC, including photometric sensitivity, source counts, and spatial distribution are presented here. We illustrate the spatial clustering properties, ranging from interacting galaxies to groups and clusters, and finally to the largest "cosmic web" of superclusters spanning the sky.
Distortive Effects of Initial-Based Name Disambiguation on Measurements of Large-Scale Coauthorship Networks
Kim, Jinseok
Scholars have often relied on name initials to resolve name ambiguities in large-scale coauthorship network research. This approach bears the risk of incorrectly merging or splitting author identities. The use of initial-based disambiguation has been justified by the assumption that such errors would not affect research findings too much. This paper tests this assumption by analyzing coauthorship networks from five academic fields - biology, computer science, nanoscience, neuroscience, and physics - and an interdisciplinary journal, PNAS. Name instances in datasets of this study were disambiguated based on heuristics gained from previous algorithmic disambiguation solutions. We use disambiguated data as a proxy of ground-truth to test the performance of three types of initial-based disambiguation. Our results show that initial-based disambiguation can misrepresent statistical properties of coauthorship networks: it deflates the number of unique authors, number of component, average shortest paths, clustering ...
Detection of the effect of cosmological large-scale structure on the orientation of galaxies
Ignacio Trujillo; Conrado Carretero; Santiago G. Patiri
Galaxies are not distributed randomly throughout space but are instead arranged in an intricate "cosmic web" of filaments and walls surrounding bubble-like voids. There is still no compelling observational evidence of a link between the structure of the cosmic web and how galaxies form within it. However, such a connection is expected on the basis of our understanding of the origin of galaxy angular momentum: disk galaxies should be highly inclined relative to the plane defined by the large-scale structure surrounding them. Using the two largest galaxy redshift surveys currently in existence (2dFGRS and SDSS) we show at the 99.7% confident level that these alignments do indeed exist: spiral galaxies located on the shells of the largest cosmic voids have rotation axes that lie preferentially on the void surface.
Large-scale weakly nonlinear perturbations of convective magnetic dynamos in a rotating layer
Chertovskih, Roman
We present a new mechanism for generation of large-scale magnetic field by thermal convection which does not involve the alpha-effect. We consider weakly nonlinear perturbations of space-periodic steady convective magnetic dynamos in a rotating layer that were identified in our previous work. The perturbations have a spatial scale in the horizontal direction that is much larger than the period of the perturbed convective magnetohydrodynamic state. Following the formalism of the multiscale stability theory, we have derived the system of amplitude equations governing the evolution of the leading terms in expansion of the perturbations in power series in the scale ratio. This asymptotic analysis is more involved than in the cases considered earlier, because the kernel of the operator of linearisation has zero-mean neutral modes whose origin lies in the spatial invariance of the perturbed regime, the operator reduced on the generalised kernel has two Jordan normal form blocks of size two, and simplifying symmetri...
Conceptual Framework and Levels of Abstraction for a Complex Large-Scale System
Simpson, Mary J.
A conceptual framework and levels of abstraction are created to apply across all potential threats. Bioterrorism is used as a complex example to describe the general framework. Bioterrorism is unlimited with respect to the use of a specific agent, mode of dissemination, and potential target. Because the threat is open-ended, there is a strong need for a common, systemic understanding of attack scenarios related to bioterrorism. In recognition of this large-scale complex problem, systems are being created to define, design and use the proper level of abstraction and conceptual framework in bioterrorism. The wide variety of biological agents and delivery mechanisms provide an opportunity for dynamic scale changes by the linking or interlinking of existing threat components. Concurrent impacts must be separated and evaluated in terms of a given environment and/or 'abstraction framework.'
Calculation of large scale relative permeabilities from stochastic properties of the permeability field and fluid properties
Lenormand, R.; Thiele, M.R. [Institut Francais du Petrole, Rueil Malmaison (France)
The paper describes the method and presents preliminary results for the calculation of homogenized relative permeabilities
Cosmological parameter constraints from SDSS luminous red galaxies: a new treatment of large-scale clustering
Ariel G. Sanchez; M. Crocce; A. Cabre; C. M. Baugh; E. Gaztanaga
We apply a new model for the spherically averaged correlation function at large pair separations to the measurement of the clustering of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) made from the SDSS by Cabre and Gaztanaga(2009). Our model takes into account the form of the BAO peak and the large scale shape of the correlation function. We perform a Monte Carlo Markov chain analysis for different combinations of datasets and for different parameter sets. When used in combination with a compilation of the latest CMB measurements, the LRG clustering and the latest supernovae results give constraints on cosmological parameters which are comparable and in remarkably good agreement, resolving the tension reported in some studies. The best fitting model in the context of a flat, Lambda-CDM cosmology is specified by Omega_m=0.261+-0.013, Omega_b=0.044+-0.001, n_s=0.96+-0.01, H_0=71.6+-1.2 km/s/Mpc and sigma_8=0.80+-0.02. If we allow the time-independent dark energy equation of state parameter to vary, we find results consistent with a cosmological constant at the 5% level using all data sets: w_DE=-0.97+-0.05. The large scale structure measurements by themselves can constrain the dark energy equation of state parameter to w_DE=-1.05+-0.15, independently of CMB or supernovae data. We do not find convincing evidence for an evolving equation of state. We provide a set of "extended distance priors" that contain the most relevant information from the CMB power spectrum and the shape of the LRG correlation function which can be used to constrain dark energy models and spatial curvature. Our model should provide an accurate description of the clustering even in much larger, forthcoming surveys, such as those planned with NASA's JDEM or ESA's Euclid mission.
NESC-VII: Fracture Mechanics Analyses of WPS Experiments on Large-scale Cruciform Specimen
Yin, Shengjun [ORNL; Williams, Paul T [ORNL; Bass, Bennett Richard [ORNL
This paper describes numerical analyses performed to simulate warm pre-stress (WPS) experiments conducted with large-scale cruciform specimens within the Network for Evaluation of Structural Components (NESC-VII) project. NESC-VII is a European cooperative action in support of WPS application in reactor pressure vessel (RPV) integrity assessment. The project aims in evaluation of the influence of WPS when assessing the structural integrity of RPVs. Advanced fracture mechanics models will be developed and performed to validate experiments concerning the effect of different WPS scenarios on RPV components. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), USA contributes to the Work Package-2 (Analyses of WPS experiments) within the NESCVII network. A series of WPS type experiments on large-scale cruciform specimens have been conducted at CEA Saclay, France, within the framework of NESC VII project. This paper first describes NESC-VII feasibility test analyses conducted at ORNL. Very good agreement was achieved between AREVA NP SAS and ORNL. Further analyses were conducted to evaluate the NESC-VII WPS tests conducted under Load-Cool-Transient- Fracture (LCTF) and Load-Cool-Fracture (LCF) conditions. This objective of this work is to provide a definitive quantification of WPS effects when assessing the structural integrity of reactor pressure vessels. This information will be utilized to further validate, refine, and improve the WPS models that are being used in probabilistic fracture mechanics computer codes now in use by the NRC staff in their effort to develop risk-informed updates to Title 10 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 50, Appendix G.
Schrijver, Carolus J.; Title, Alan M.; DeRosa, Marc L. [Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, 3251 Hanover Street, Palo Alto, CA 94304 (United States); Yeates, Anthony R. [Department of Mathematical Sciences, Durham University, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE (United Kingdom)
The high-cadence, comprehensive view of the solar corona by SDO/AIA shows many events that are widely separated in space while occurring close together in time. In some cases, sets of coronal events are evidently causally related, while in many other instances indirect evidence can be found. We present case studies to highlight a variety of coupling processes involved in coronal events. We find that physical linkages between events do occur, but concur with earlier studies that these couplings appear to be crucial to understanding the initiation of major eruptive or explosive phenomena relatively infrequently. We note that the post-eruption reconfiguration timescale of the large-scale corona, estimated from the extreme-ultraviolet afterglow, is on average longer than the mean time between coronal mass ejections (CMEs), so that many CMEs originate from a corona that is still adjusting from a previous event. We argue that the coronal field is intrinsically global: current systems build up over days to months, the relaxation after eruptions continues over many hours, and evolving connections easily span much of a hemisphere. This needs to be reflected in our modeling of the connections from the solar surface into the heliosphere to properly model the solar wind, its perturbations, and the generation and propagation of solar energetic particles. However, the large-scale field cannot be constructed reliably by currently available observational resources. We assess the potential of high-quality observations from beyond Earth's perspective and advanced global modeling to understand the couplings between coronal events in the context of CMEs and solar energetic particle events.
POLICY GUIDANCE MEMORANDUM #12 Payment of Expenses for Professional...
POLICY GUIDANCE MEMORANDUM 12 Payment of Expenses for Professional Credentials POLICY GUIDANCE MEMORANDUM 12 Payment of Expenses for Professional Credentials Departmental...
QCD Thermodynamics at High Temperature Peter Petreczky Large Scale Computing and Storage Requirements for Nuclear Physics (NP),
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2002; Level:Energy: Grid Integration Redefining What's Possible forPortsmouth/Paducah47,193.70COMMUNITY AEROSOL: ShalePutting! ! NERSC ! Cray QBRA
Large-scale magnetic field of the G8 dwarf xi Bootis A
P. Petit; J. -F. Donati; M. Auriere; J. D. Landstreet; F. Lignieres; S. Marsden; D. Mouillet; F. Paletou; N. Toque; G. A. Wade
We investigate the magnetic geometry of the active G8 dwarf xi Bootis A, from spectropolarimetric observations obtained in 2003 with the MuSiCoS echelle spectropolarimeter at the Telescope Bernard Lyot (Observatoire du Pic du Midi, France). We repeatedly detect a photospheric magnetic field, with periodic variations consistent with rotational modulation. Circularly polarized (Stokes V) line profiles present a systematic asymmetry, showing up as an excess in amplitude and area of the blue lobe of the profiles. A direct modeling of Stokes V profiles suggests that the global magnetic field is composed of two main components, with an inclined dipole and a large-scale toroidal field. We derive a dipole intensity of about 40 G, with an inclination of 35 degrees of the dipole with respect to the rotation axis. The toroidal field strength is of order of 120 G. A noticeable evolution of the field geometry is observed over the 40 nights of our observing window and results in an increase of the field strength and of the dipole inclination. This study is the first step of a long-term monitoring of xi Bootis A and other active solar-type stars, with the aim to investigate secular fluctuations of stellar magnetic geometries induced by activity cycles.
Los Alamos National Laboratory Tritium Technology Deployments Large Scale Demonstration and Deployment Project
McFee, J.; Blauvelt, D.; Stallings, E.; Willms, S.
This paper describes the organization, planning and initial implementation of a DOE OST program to deploy proven, cost effective technologies into D&D programs throughout the complex. The primary intent is to accelerate closure of the projects thereby saving considerable funds and at the same time being protective of worker health and the environment. Most of the technologies in the ''toolkit'' for this program have been demonstrated at a DOE site as part of a Large Scale Demonstration and Deployment Project (LSDDP). The Mound Tritium D&D LSDDP served as the base program for the technologies being deployed in this project but other LSDDP demonstrated technologies or ready-for-use commercial technologies will also be considered. The project team will evaluate needs provided by site D&D project managers, match technologies against those needs and rank deployments using a criteria listing. After selecting deployments the project will purchase the equipment and provide a deployment engineer to facilitate the technology implementation. Other cost associated with the use of the technology will be borne by the site including operating staff, safety and health reviews etc. A cost and performance report will be prepared following the deployment to document the results.
In-situ sampling of a large-scale particle simulation for interactive visualization and analysis
Woodring, Jonathan L [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Ahrens, James P [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Heitmann, Katrin [Los Alamos National Laboratory
We propose storing a random sampling of data from large scale particle simulations, such as the Roadrunner Universe MC{sup 3} cosmological simulation, to be used for interactive post-analysis and visualization. Simulation data generation rates will continue to be far greater than storage bandwidth rates and other limiting technologies by many orders of magnitude. This implies that only a very small fraction of data generated by the simulation can ever be stored and subsequently post-analyzed. The limiting technology in this situation is analogous to the problem in many population surveys: there aren't enough human resources to query a large population. To cope with the lack of resources, statistical sampling techniques are used to create a representative data set of a large population. Mirroring that situation, we propose to store a simulation-time random sampling of the particle data to cope with the bOlllenecks and support interactive, exploratory post-analysis. The particle samples are immediately stored in a level-ol-detail format for post-visualization and analysis, which amortizes the cost of post-processing for interactive visualization. Additionally, we incorporate a system for recording and visualizing sample approximation error information for confidence and importance highlighting.
Properties of liquid clusters in large-scale molecular dynamics nucleation simulations
Angélil, Raymond; Diemand, Jürg [Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich (Switzerland)] [Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich (Switzerland); Tanaka, Kyoko K.; Tanaka, Hidekazu [Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819 (Japan)] [Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819 (Japan)
We have performed large-scale Lennard-Jones molecular dynamics simulations of homogeneous vapor-to-liquid nucleation, with 10{sup 9} atoms. This large number allows us to resolve extremely low nucleation rates, and also provides excellent statistics for cluster properties over a wide range of cluster sizes. The nucleation rates, cluster growth rates, and size distributions are presented in Diemand et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 139, 74309 (2013)], while this paper analyses the properties of the clusters. We explore the cluster temperatures, density profiles, potential energies, and shapes. A thorough understanding of the properties of the clusters is crucial to the formulation of nucleation models. Significant latent heat is retained by stable clusters, by as much as ?kT = 0.1? for clusters with size i = 100. We find that the clusters deviate remarkably from spherical—with ellipsoidal axis ratios for critical cluster sizes typically within b/c = 0.7 ± 0.05 and a/c = 0.5 ± 0.05. We examine cluster spin angular momentum, and find that it plays a negligible role in the cluster dynamics. The interfaces of large, stable clusters are thinner than planar equilibrium interfaces by 10%?30%. At the critical cluster size, the cluster central densities are between 5% and 30% lower than the bulk liquid expectations. These lower densities imply larger-than-expected surface areas, which increase the energy cost to form a surface, which lowers nucleation rates.
Public attitudes regarding large-scale solar energy development in the U.S.
DOE Public Access Gateway for Energy & Science Beta (PAGES Beta)
Carlisle, Juliet E.; Kane, Stephanie L.; Solan, David; Bowman, Madelaine; Joe, Jeffrey C.
Using data collected from both a National sample as well as an oversample in U.S. Southwest, we examine public attitudes toward the construction of utility-scale solar facilities in the U.S. as well as development in one's own county. Our multivariate analyses assess demographic and sociopsychological factors as well as context in terms of proximity of proposed project by considering the effect of predictors for respondents living in the Southwest versus those from a National sample.We find that the predictors, and impact of the predictors, related to support and opposition to solar development vary in terms of psychological and physical distance.more »Overall, for respondents living in the U.S. Southwest we find that environmentalism, belief that developers receive too many incentives, and trust in project developers to be significantly related to support and opposition to solar development, in general. When Southwest respondents consider large-scale solar development in their county, the influence of these variables changes so that property value, race, and age only yield influence. Differential effects occur for respondents of our National sample.We believe our findings to be relevant for those outside the U.S. due to the considerable growth PV solar has experienced in the last decade, especially in China, Japan, Germany, and the U.S.« less
Lessons from a Large-Scale Assessment: Results from Conceptual Inventories
Thacker, Beth; Pattillo, Dave; West, Keith
We report the conceptual inventory results of a large-scale assessment project at a large university. We studied an attempt at introducing materials and instructional methods informed by physics education research (PER-informed materials) into a department where most instruction has been traditional and a significant number of faculty are hesitant, ambivalent or even resistant about the introduction of such reforms. The changes were made in the laboratories and recitation sections of the introductory classes, both calculus-based and algebra-based, introducing PER-informed materials and training the teaching assistants in student-centered instructional methods. In addition to the results found in the large lecture classes, we present the results of a small PER-informed, inquiry-based, laboratory-based class that has been taught as a special section of the algebra-based course for about 10 years. The assessment reported in this paper was done using available PER-developed assessment instruments. The results of ...
PowerGrid - A Computation Engine for Large-Scale Electric Networks
Chika Nwankpa
This Final Report discusses work on an approach for analog emulation of large scale power systems using Analog Behavioral Models (ABMs) and analog devices in PSpice design environment. ABMs are models based on sets of mathematical equations or transfer functions describing the behavior of a circuit element or an analog building block. The ABM concept provides an efficient strategy for feasibility analysis, quick insight of developing top-down design methodology of large systems and model verification prior to full structural design and implementation. Analog emulation in this report uses an electric circuit equivalent of mathematical equations and scaled relationships that describe the states and behavior of a real power system to create its solution trajectory. The speed of analog solutions is as quick as the responses of the circuit itself. Emulation therefore is the representation of desired physical characteristics of a real life object using an electric circuit equivalent. The circuit equivalent has within it, the model of a real system as well as the method of solution. This report presents a methodology of the core computation through development of ABMs for generators, transmission lines and loads. Results of ABMs used for the case of 3, 6, and 14 bus power systems are presented and compared with industrial grade numerical simulators for validation.
Expediting SRM assay development for large-scale targeted proteomics experiments
Wu, Chaochao; Shi, Tujin; Brown, Joseph N.; He, Jintang; Gao, Yuqian; Fillmore, Thomas L.; Shukla, Anil K.; Moore, Ronald J.; Camp, David G.; Rodland, Karin D.; Qian, Weijun; Liu, Tao; Smith, Richard D.
Due to their high sensitivity and specificity, targeted proteomics measurements, e.g. selected reaction monitoring (SRM), are becoming increasingly popular for biological and translational applications. Selection of optimal transitions and optimization of collision energy (CE) are important assay development steps for achieving sensitive detection and accurate quantification; however, these steps can be labor-intensive, especially for large-scale applications. Herein, we explored several options for accelerating SRM assay development evaluated in the context of a relatively large set of 215 synthetic peptide targets. We first showed that HCD fragmentation is very similar to CID in triple quadrupole (QQQ) instrumentation, and by selection of top six y fragment ions from HCD spectra, >86% of top transitions optimized from direct infusion on QQQ instrument are covered. We also demonstrated that the CE calculated by existing prediction tools was less accurate for +3 precursors, and a significant increase in intensity for transitions could be obtained using a new CE prediction equation constructed from the present experimental data. Overall, our study illustrates the feasibility of expediting the development of larger numbers of high-sensitivity SRM assays through automation of transitions selection and accurate prediction of optimal CE to improve both SRM throughput and measurement quality.
Using calibrated engineering models to predict energy savings in large-scale geothermal heat pump projects
Shonder, J.A.; Hughes, P.J. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States); Thornton, J.W. [Thermal Energy System Specialists, Madison, WI (United States)
Energy savings performance contracting (ESPC) is now receiving greater attention as a means of implementing large-scale energy conservation projects in housing. Opportunities for such projects exist for military housing, federally subsidized low-income housing, and planned communities (condominiums, townhomes, senior centers), to name a few. Accurate prior (to construction) estimates of the energy savings in these projects reduce risk, decrease financing costs, and help avoid post-construction disputes over performance contract baseline adjustments. This paper demonstrates an improved method of estimating energy savings before construction takes place. Using an engineering model calibrated to pre-construction energy-use data collected in the field, this method is able to predict actual energy savings to a high degree of accuracy. This is verified with post-construction energy-use data from a geothermal heat pump ESPC at Fort Polk, Louisiana. This method also allows determination of the relative impact of the various energy conservation measures installed in a comprehensive energy conservation project. As an example, the breakout of savings at Fort Polk for the geothermal heat pumps, desuperheaters, lighting retrofits, and low-flow hot water outlets is provided.
Using Calibrated Engineering Models To Predict Energy Savings In Large-Scale Geothermal Heat Pump Projects
Shonder, John A [ORNL; Hughes, Patrick [ORNL; Thornton, Jeff W. [Thermal Energy Systems Specialists, Inc.
Energy savings performance contracting (ESPC) is now receiving greater attention as a means of implementing large-scale energy conservation projects in housing. Opportunities for such projects exist for military housing, federally subsidized low-income housing, and planned communities (condominiums, townhomes, senior centers), to name a few. Accurate prior (to construction) estimates of the energy savings in these projects reduce risk, decrease financing costs, and help avoid post-construction disputes over performance contract baseline adjustments. This paper demonstrates an improved method of estimating energy savings before construction takes place. Using an engineering model calibrated to pre-construction energy-use data collected in the field, this method is able to predict actual energy savings to a high degree of accuracy. This is verified with post-construction energy-use data from a geothermal heat pump ESPC at Fort Polk, Louisiana. This method also allows determination of the relative impact of the various energy conservation measures installed in a comprehensive energy conservation project. As an example, the breakout of savings at Fort Polk for the geothermal heat pumps, desuperheaters, lighting retrofits, and low-flow hot water outlets is provided.
Large-Scale Pumping Test Recommendations for the 200-ZP-1 Operable Unit
Spane, Frank A.
CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) is currently assessing aquifer characterization needs to optimize pump-and-treat remedial strategies (e.g., extraction well pumping rates, pumping schedule/design) in the 200-ZP-1 operable unit (OU), and in particular for the immediate area of the 241 TX-TY Tank Farm. Specifically, CHPRC is focusing on hydrologic characterization opportunities that may be available for newly constructed and planned ZP-1 extraction wells. These new extraction wells will be used to further refine the 3-dimensional subsurface contaminant distribution within this area and will be used in concert with other existing pump-and-treat wells to remediate the existing carbon tetrachloride contaminant plume. Currently, 14 extraction wells are actively used in the Interim Record of Decision ZP-1 pump-and-treat system for the purpose of remediating the existing carbon tetrachloride contamination in groundwater within this general area. As many as 20 new extraction wells and 17 injection wells may be installed to support final pump-and-treat operations within the OU area. It should be noted that although the report specifically refers to the 200-ZP-1 OU, the large-scale test recommendations are also applicable to the adjacent 200-UP-1 OU area. This is because of the similar hydrogeologic conditions exhibited within these two adjoining OU locations.
The Effects of Smoothing on the Statistical Properties of the Large-Scale Cosmic Fileds
F. Bernardeau
It has been shown that the large--scale correlation functions of the density field (and velocity divergence field) follow a specific hierarchy in the quasilinear regime and for Gaussian initial conditions (Bernardeau 1992). The exact relationships between the cumulants of the probability distribution functions (the so-called $S_p$ parameters) are however sensitive to the smoothing window function applied to the fields. In this paper, I present a method to derive the whole series of the $S_p$ parameters when the density field is smoothed with a top--hat window function. The results are valid for any power spectrum and any cosmological parameters. Similar calculations are presented for the velocity divergence field. The resulting shapes of the one--point probability distribution functions of the cosmic density and the velocity divergence fields are given as a function of the power spectrum and $\\Omega$. Simple analytical fits are proposed when the index of the power spectrum is -1. Comparisons with numerical simulations prove these analytical results to be extremely accurate.
On the dangers of using the growth equation on large scales in the Newtonian gauge
James B. Dent; Sourish Dutta
We examine the accuracy of the growth equation $\\ddot{\\delta} + 2H\\dot{\\delta} - 4\\pi G\\rho\\delta = 0$, which is ubiquitous in the cosmological literature, in the context of the Newtonian gauge. By comparing the growth predicted by this equation to a numerical solution of the linearized Einstein equations in the $\\Lambda$CDM scenario, we show that while this equation is a reliable approximation on small scales ($k\\gtrsim $h Mpc$^{-1}$), it can be disastrously inaccurate ($\\sim 10^4% $) on larger scales in this gauge. We propose a modified version of the growth equation for the Newtonian gauge, which while preserving the simplicity of the original equation, provides considerably more accurate results. We examine the implications of the failure of the growth equation on a few recent studies, aimed at discriminating general relativity from modified gravity, which use this equation as a starting point. We show that while the results of these studies are valid on small scales, they are not reliable on large scales or high redshifts, if one works in the Newtonian gauge. Finally, we discuss the growth equation in the synchronous gauge and show that the corrections to the Poisson equation are exactly equivalent to the difference between the overdensities in the synchronous and Newtonian gauges.
Analysis of Large Scale Structure using Percolation, Genus and Shape Statistics
V. Sahni
We probe gravitational clustering in N-body simulations using geometrical descriptors sensitive to `connectedness': the genus curve, percolation and shape statistics. We find that both genus and percolation curves provide complementary probes of large scale structure topology and could be used to discriminate between models of structure formation and the analysis of observational data such as galaxy catalogs and MBR maps. An analysis of `shapes' in N-body simulations has shown that filaments are more pronounced than pancakes. To probe shapes of clusters and superclusters more rigorously we propose a new shape statistic which does not fit isodensity surfaces by ellipsoids (as done earlier). Our shape statistic is derived from fundamental properties of a compact body: its Minkowski functionals. The new shape statistic gives sensible results for topologically simple surfaces such as the ellipsoid, and for more complicated surfaces such as the torus. (Invited talk, to appear in: Proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 183, Kyoto, Japan Aug. 1997, ed. K. Sato, Kluwer Academic Publ.)
On large-scale nonlinear programming techniques for solving optimal control problems
Faco, J.L.D.
The formulation of decision problems by Optimal Control Theory allows the consideration of their dynamic structure and parameters estimation. This paper deals with techniques for choosing directions in the iterative solution of discrete-time optimal control problems. A unified formulation incorporates nonlinear performance criteria and dynamic equations, time delays, bounded state and control variables, free planning horizon and variable initial state vector. In general they are characterized by a large number of variables, mostly when arising from discretization of continuous-time optimal control or calculus of variations problems. In a GRG context the staircase structure of the jacobian matrix of the dynamic equations is exploited in the choice of basic and super basic variables and when changes of basis occur along the process. The search directions of the bound constrained nonlinear programming problem in the reduced space of the super basic variables are computed by large-scale NLP techniques. A modified Polak-Ribiere conjugate gradient method and a limited storage quasi-Newton BFGS method are analyzed and modifications to deal with the bounds on the variables are suggested based on projected gradient devices with specific linesearches. Some practical models are presented for electric generation planning and fishery management, and the application of the code GRECO - Gradient REduit pour la Commande Optimale - is discussed.
Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity from large scale structure probes
Xia, Jun-Qing; Baccigalupi, Carlo [Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste (Italy); Matarrese, Sabino [Dipartimento di Fisica ''G. Galilei'', Universitŕ di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova (Italy); Verde, Licia [ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats) and Instituto de Ciencias del Cosmos, (ICC-UB-IEEC) Universidad de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028, Barcelona (Spain); Viel, Matteo, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: email@example.com, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G.B. Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste (Italy)
In this paper we measure the angular power spectra C{sub l} of three high-redshift large-scale structure probes: the radio sources from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS), the quasar catalogue of Sloan Digital Sky Survey Release Six (SDSS DR6 QSOs) and the MegaZ-LRG (DR7), the final SDSS II Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) photometric redshift survey. We perform a global analysis of the constraints on the amplitude of primordial non-Gaussianity from these angular power spectra, as well as from their cross-correlation power spectra with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature map. In particular, we include non-Gaussianity of the type arising from single-field slow roll, multifields, curvaton (local type), and those which effects on the halo clustering can be described by the equilateral template (related to higher-order derivative type non-Gaussianity) and by the enfolded template (related to modified initial state or higher-derivative interactions). When combining all data sets, we obtain limits of f{sub NL} = 48±20, f{sub NL} = 50±265 and f{sub NL} = 183±95 at 68% confidence level for local, equilateral and enfolded templates, respectively. Furthermore, we explore the constraint on the cubic correction g{sub NL}?{sup 3} on the bias of dark matter haloes and obtain a limit of ?1.2 × 10{sup 5} < g{sub NL} < 11.3 × 10{sup 5} at 95% confidence level.
Dynamics of large-scale solar-wind streams obtained by the double superposed epoch analysis
Yermolaev, Yu I; Nikolaeva, N S; Yermolaev, M Yu
Using the OMNI data for period 1976-2000 we investigate the temporal profiles of 20 plasma and field parameters in the disturbed large-scale types of solar wind (SW): CIR, ICME (both MC and Ejecta) and Sheath as well as the interplanetary shock (IS). To take into account the different durations of SW types, we use the double superposed epoch analysis (DSEA) method: re-scaling the duration of the interval for all types in such a manner that, respectively, beginning and end for all intervals of selected type coincide. As the analyzed SW types can interact with each other and change parameters as a result of such interaction, we investigate separately 8 sequences of SW types: (1) CIR, (2) IS/CIR, (3) Ejecta, (4) Sheath/Ejecta, (5) IS/Sheath/Ejecta, (6) MC, (7) Sheath/MC, and (8) IS/Sheath/MC. The main conclusion is that the behavior of parameters in Sheath and in CIR are very similar both qualitatively and quantitatively. Both the high-speed stream (HSS) and the fast ICME play a role of pistons which push the pl...
Systematic study of LPCVD refractory metal/silicide interconnect materials for very large scale integrated circuits
Nowrozi, M.F.
Recently, refractory materials have been proposed as a strong alternative to poly-silicon and aluminum alloys as metallization systems for Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits because of their improved performance at smaller Integrated Circuit (IC) feature size and higher interconnect current densities. However, processing and reliability problems associated with the use of refractory materials have limited their widespread acceptance. The hot-wall low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) of Mo and W from their respective hexacarbonyl sources has been studied as a potential remedy to such problems, in addition to providing the potential for higher throughput and better step coverage. Using deposition chemistries based on carbonyl sources, Mo and W deposits were characterized with respect to their electrical, mechanical, structural, and chemical properties as well as their compatibility with conventional IC processing. Excellent film step coverage and uniformity were obtained by low-temperature (300-350 C) deposition at pressures of 400-600 mTorr. As-deposited films were observed to be amorphous, with a resistivity of 250 and 350 microohm-cm for Mo and W, respectively.
M.A. Ebadian, Ph.D.
In recent years, an increasing demand for remediation technologies has fueled rapid growth in the D&D technologies. The D&D project managers are now faced with the task of selecting from among the many commercially available and innovative technologies, the most appropriate technology, or combination of technologies, that will address their specific D&D needs. The DOE's Office of Science and Technology (OST) sponsored the Large-Scale Demonstration and Deployment Projects (LSDDP) to demonstrate improved and innovative technologies that are potentially beneficial to DOE's environmental project. To date, three LSDDPS have been conducted at DOE's nuclear production and research facilities at the Fernald Environmental Management Project--Plant-1 (FEMP), Chicago Pile-5 Research Reactor (CP-5), and Hanford Production Reactor 105-C, Now four new LSDDPS have been launched at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), Savannah River Site (SRS), and Mound Environmental Management Project (MEMP). In the LSDDPS, an extensive search is first conducted to identify candidate technologies that can potentially address the identified problems The candidate technologies then go through a screening process to select those technologies with the best potential for addressing remediation problems at the LSDDP site as well as project sites across the DOE complex. This selection process can be overwhelming and time-consuming. The result is that D&D project managers for the new LSDDPS are challenged to avoid duplication of demonstrated technologies.
Impulsive phase flare energy transport by large-scale Alfven waves and the electron acceleration problem
L. Fletcher; H. S. Hudson
The impulsive phase of a solar flare marks the epoch of rapid conversion of energy stored in the pre-flare coronal magnetic field. Hard X-ray observations imply that a substantial fraction of flare energy released during the impulsive phase is converted to the kinetic energy of mildly relativistic electrons (10-100 keV). The liberation of the magnetic free energy can occur as the coronal magnetic field reconfigures and relaxes following reconnection. We investigate a scenario in which products of the reconfiguration - large-scale Alfven wave pulses - transport the energy and magnetic-field changes rapidly through the corona to the lower atmosphere. This offers two possibilities for electron acceleration. Firstly, in a coronal plasma with beta energies on the order of 10 keV and above, including by repeated interactions between electrons and wavefronts. Secondly, when they reflect and mode-convert in the chromosphere, a cascade to high wavenumbers may develop. This will also accelerate electrons by turbulence, in a medium with a locally high electron number density. This concept, which bridges MHD-based and particle-based views of a flare, provides an interpretation of the recently-observed rapid variations of the line-of-sight component of the photospheric magnetic field across the flare impulsive phase, and offers solutions to some perplexing flare problems, such as the flare "number problem" of finding and resupplying sufficient electrons to explain the impulsive-phase hard X-ray emission.
Thermal Performance Evaluation of Attic Radiant Barrier Systems Using the Large Scale Climate Simulator (LSCS)
Shrestha, Som S [ORNL] [ORNL; Miller, William A [ORNL] [ORNL; Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL] [ORNL
Application of radiant barriers and low-emittance surface coatings in residential building attics can significantly reduce conditioning loads from heat flow through attic floors. The roofing industry has been developing and using various radiant barrier systems and low-emittance surface coatings to increase energy efficiency in buildings; however, minimal data are available that quantifies the effectiveness of these technologies. This study evaluates performance of various attic radiant barrier systems under simulated summer daytime conditions and nighttime or low solar gain daytime winter conditions using the large scale climate simulator (LSCS). The four attic configurations that were evaluated are 1) no radiant barrier (control), 2) perforated low-e foil laminated oriented strand board (OSB) deck, 3) low-e foil stapled on rafters, and 4) liquid applied low-emittance coating on roof deck and rafters. All test attics used nominal RUS 13 h-ft2- F/Btu (RSI 2.29 m2-K/W) fiberglass batt insulation on attic floor. Results indicate that the three systems with radiant barriers had heat flows through the attic floor during summer daytime condition that were 33%, 50%, and 19% lower than the control, respectively.
The Large Scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy as Observed with Milagro
Abdo, A A; Aune, T; Berley, D; Casanova, S; Chen, C; Dingus, B L; Ellsworth, R W; Fleysher, L; Fleysher, R; González, M M; Goodman, J A; Hoffman, C M; Hopper, B; Hüntemeyer, P H; Kolterman, B E; Lansdell, C P; Linnemann, J T; McEnery, J E; Mincer, A I; Némethy, P; Noyes, D; Ryan, J M; Parkinson, P M Saz; Shoup, A; Sinnis, G; Smith, A J; Sullivan, G W; Vasileiou, V; Walker, G P; Williams, D A; Yodh, G B
Results are presented of a harmonic analysis of the large scale cosmic-ray anisotropy as observed by the Milagro observatory. We show a two-dimensional display of the sidereal anisotropy projections in right ascension generated by the fitting of three harmonics to 18 separate declination bands. The Milagro observatory is a water Cherenkov detector located in the Jemez mountains near Los Alamos, New Mexico. With a high duty cycle and large field-of-view, Milagro is an excellent instrument for measuring this anisotropy with high sensitivity at TeV energies. The analysis is conducted using a seven year data sample consisting of more than 95 billion events. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for cosmic rays with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of depth (-2.85 +/- 0.06 stat. +/- 0.08 syst.)x10^(-3) in the direction of the Galactic North Pole with a range in declination of -10 to 45 degrees and 150 to 225 degrees in right ascension. We observe a steady increase ...
Large-scale experiments on aerosol behavior in light water reactor containments
Schock, W.; Bunz, H.; Adams, R.E.; Tobias, M.L.; Rahn, F.J.
Recently, three large-scale experimental programs were carried out dealing with the behavior of aerosols during core-melt accidents in light water reactors (LWRs). In the Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant (NSPP) program, the principal behaviors of different insoluble aerosols and of mixed aerosols were measured in dry air atmospheres and in condensing steam-air atmospheres contained in a 38-m/sup 3/ steel vessel. The Demonstration of Nuclear Aerosol Behavior (DEMONA) program used a 640-m/sup 3/ concrete containment model to simulate typical accident sequence conditions, and measured the behavior of different insoluble aerosols and mixed aerosols in condensing and transient atmospheric conditions. Part of the LWR Aerosol Containment Experiments (LACE) program was also devoted to aerosol behavior in containment; and 852-m/sup 3/ steel vessel was used, and the aerosols were composed of mixtures of insoluble and soluble species. The results of these experiments provide a suitable data base for validation of aerosol behavior codes. Fundamental insight into details of aerosol behavior in condensing environments has been gained through the results of the NSPP tests. Code comparisons have been and are being performed in the DEMONA and LACE experiments.
The Large Scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy as Observed with Milagro
A. A. Abdo; B. T. Allen; T. Aune; D. Berley; S. Casanova; C. Chen; B. L. Dingus; R. W. Ellsworth; L. Fleysher; R. Fleysher; M. M. Gonzalez; J. A. Goodman; C. M. Hoffman; B. Hopper; P. H. Hüntemeyer; B. E. Kolterman; C. P. Lansdell; J. T. Linnemann; J. E. McEnery; A. I. Mincer; P. Nemethy; D. Noyes; J. Pretz; J. M. Ryan; P. M. Saz Parkinson; A. Shoup; G. Sinnis; A. J. Smith; G. W. Sullivan; V. Vasileiou; G. P. Walker; D. A. Williams; G. B. Yodh
Results are presented of a harmonic analysis of the large scale cosmic-ray anisotropy as observed by the Milagro observatory. We show a two-dimensional display of the sidereal anisotropy pro jections in right ascension generated by the fitting of three harmonics to 18 separate declination bands. The Milagro observatory is a water Cherenkov detector located in the Jemez mountains near Los Alamos, New Mexico. With a high duty cycle and large field-of-view, Milagro is an excellent instrument for measuring this anisotropy with high sensitivity at TeV energies. The analysis is conducted using a seven year data sample consisting of more than 95 billion events, the largest such data set in existence. We observe an anisotropy with a magnitude around 0.1% for cosmic rays with a median energy of 6 TeV. The dominant feature is a deficit region of depth (2.49 +/- 0.02 stat. +/- 0.09 sys.)x10^(-3) in the direction of the Galactic North Pole centered at 189 degrees right ascension. We observe a steady increase in the magnitude of the signal over seven years.
Spatial, temporal, and hybrid decompositions for large-scale vehicle routing with time windows
Bent, Russell W [Los Alamos National Laboratory
This paper studies the use of decomposition techniques to quickly find high-quality solutions to large-scale vehicle routing problems with time windows. It considers an adaptive decomposition scheme which iteratively decouples a routing problem based on the current solution. Earlier work considered vehicle-based decompositions that partitions the vehicles across the subproblems. The subproblems can then be optimized independently and merged easily. This paper argues that vehicle-based decompositions, although very effective on various problem classes also have limitations. In particular, they do not accommodate temporal decompositions and may produce spatial decompositions that are not focused enough. This paper then proposes customer-based decompositions which generalize vehicle-based decouplings and allows for focused spatial and temporal decompositions. Experimental results on class R2 of the extended Solomon benchmarks demonstrates the benefits of the customer-based adaptive decomposition scheme and its spatial, temporal, and hybrid instantiations. In particular, they show that customer-based decompositions bring significant benefits over large neighborhood search in contrast to vehicle-based decompositions.
Large-scale weakly nonlinear perturbations of convective magnetic dynamos in a rotating layer
Roman Chertovskih; Vladislav Zheligovsky
We present a new mechanism for generation of large-scale magnetic field by thermal convection which does not involve the alpha-effect. We consider weakly nonlinear perturbations of space-periodic steady convective magnetic dynamos in a rotating layer that were identified in our previous work. The perturbations have a spatial scale in the horizontal direction that is much larger than the period of the perturbed convective magnetohydrodynamic state. Following the formalism of the multiscale stability theory, we have derived the system of amplitude equations governing the evolution of the leading terms in expansion of the perturbations in power series in the scale ratio. This asymptotic analysis is more involved than in the cases considered earlier, because the kernel of the operator of linearisation has zero-mean neutral modes whose origin lies in the spatial invariance of the perturbed regime, the operator reduced on the generalised kernel has two Jordan normal form blocks of size two, and simplifying symmetries of the perturbed state are now missing. Numerical results for the amplitude equations show that a perturbation, periodic in slow horizontal variable, either decays in time, or blows up at a finite time with amplitudes turning into a periodically-replicated delta-function moving at a constant speed.
Scalable, efficient ion-photon coupling with phase Fresnel lenses for large-scale quantum computing
E. W. Streed; B. G. Norton; J. J. Chapman; D. Kielpinski
Efficient ion-photon coupling is an important component for large-scale ion-trap quantum computing. We propose that arrays of phase Fresnel lenses (PFLs) are a favorable optical coupling technology to match with multi-zone ion traps. Both are scalable technologies based on conventional micro-fabrication techniques. The large numerical apertures (NAs) possible with PFLs can reduce the readout time for ion qubits. PFLs also provide good coherent ion-photon coupling by matching a large fraction of an ion's emission pattern to a single optical propagation mode (TEM00). To this end we have optically characterized a large numerical aperture phase Fresnel lens (NA=0.64) designed for use at 369.5 nm, the principal fluorescence detection transition for Yb+ ions. A diffraction-limited spot w0=350+/-15 nm (1/e^2 waist) with mode quality M^2= 1.08+/-0.05 was measured with this PFL. From this we estimate the minimum expected free space coherent ion-photon coupling to be 0.64%, which is twice the best previous experimental measurement using a conventional multi-element lens. We also evaluate two techniques for improving the entanglement fidelity between the ion state and photon polarization with large numerical aperture lenses.
Large-scale simulation of methane dissociation along the West Spitzbergen Margin
Reagan, M.T.; Moridis, G.J.
Vast quantities of methane are trapped in oceanic hydrate deposits, and there is concern that a rise in the ocean temperature will induce dissociation of these hydrate accumulations, potentially releasing large amounts of methane into the atmosphere. The recent discovery of active methane gas venting along the landward limit of the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) on the shallow continental slope west of Spitsbergen could be an indication of this process, if the source of the methane can be confidently attributed to dissociating hydrates. In the first large-scale simulation study of its kind, we simulate shallow hydrate dissociation in conditions representative of the West Spitsbergen margin to test the hypothesis that the observed gas release originated from hydrates. The simulation results are consistent with this hypothesis, and are in remarkable agreement with the recently published observations. They show that shallow, low-saturation hydrate deposits, when subjected to temperature increases at the seafloor, can release significant quantities of methane, and that the releases will be localized near the landward limit of the top of the GHSZ. These results indicate the possibility that hydrate dissociation and methane release may be both a consequence and a cause of climate change.
Combined Climate and Carbon-Cycle Effects of Large-Scale Deforestation
Bala, G; Caldeira, K; Wickett, M; Phillips, T J; Lobell, D B; Delire, C; Mirin, A
The prevention of deforestation and promotion of afforestation have often been cited as strategies to slow global warming. Deforestation releases CO{sub 2} to the atmosphere, which exerts a warming influence on Earth's climate. However, biophysical effects of deforestation, which include changes in land surface albedo, evapotranspiration, and cloud cover also affect climate. Here we present results from several large-scale deforestation experiments performed with a three-dimensional coupled global carbon-cycle and climate model. These are the first such simulations performed using a fully three-dimensional model representing physical and biogeochemical interactions among land, atmosphere, and ocean. We find that global-scale deforestation has a net cooling influence on Earth's climate, since the warming carbon-cycle effects of deforestation are overwhelmed by the net cooling associated with changes in albedo and evapotranspiration. Latitude-specific deforestation experiments indicate that afforestation projects in the tropics would be clearly beneficial in mitigating global-scale warming, but would be counterproductive if implemented at high latitudes and would offer only marginal benefits in temperate regions. While these results question the efficacy of mid- and high-latitude afforestation projects for climate mitigation, forests remain environmentally valuable resources for many reasons unrelated to climate.
An IC/CMB interpretation for the large-scale jet X-ray emission of 3C 273
Liu, Wen-Po
We present that the model of inverse Compton scattering of cosmic microwave background photons (IC/CMB) could well explain the large-scale jet X-ray radiation of 3C 273, and does not violate new Fermi observations. For the individual knots, the synchrotron spectrum of the low-energy electrons responsible for the IC/CMB X-ray emission may be different from the extrapolation of the 10GHz radio spectrum of knots. Based on the IC/CMB model for the 3C 273 large-scale jet, the Fermi observations may mainly come from the small-scale jet of 3C 273 (i.e., the core). Future observations could examine our interpretation on the spectral energy distributions (SED) of knots and large-scale jet in 3C 273.
An efficient algorithm for load balancing of transformers and feeders by switch operation in large scale distribution systems
Aoki, K. (Hiroshima Univ., Higashihiroshima (JP)); Kuwabara, H. (Kinki Univ., Kure (JP)); Satoh, T. (Hiroshima Univ., Higashihiroshima (JP)); Kanezashi, M. (Aichi Institute of Technology, Toyota (JP))
This paper presents a systematic and practical algorithm for load balancing of transformers and feeders by automatic sectionalizing switch operation in large scale distribution systems of radial type. The algorithm is developed by extending an approximation algorithm for load transfer of desired two transformers. The algorithm proposed here is applicable to operations not only in normal state, but also in scheduled and failure outage states. Computational experience on a real large scale system has indicated that the algorithm is valid and effective for practical operations.
Business and Travel Expense Policy Effective February 1, 2013
Yang, Eui-Hyeok
Business and Travel Expense Policy Effective February 1, 2013 Updated April 4, 2014 1 BUSINESS" and "Business Expense" #12;Business and Travel Expense Policy Effective February 1, 2013 Updated April 4, 2014 2 STEVENS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS AND TRAVEL EXPENSE POLICY TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
The power of event-driven analytics in Large Scale Data Processing
FeedZai is a software company specialized in creating high--throughput low--latency data processing solutions. FeedZai develops a product called "FeedZai Pulse" for continuous event--driven analytics that makes application development easier for end users. It automatically calculates key performance indicators and baselines, showing how current performance differ from previous history, creating timely business intelligence updated to the second. The tool does predictive analytics and trend analysis, displaying data on real--time web--based graphics. In 2010 FeedZai won the European EBN Smart Entrepreneurship Competition, in the Digital Models category, being considered one of the "top--20 smart companies in Europe". The main objective of this seminar/workshop is to explore the topic for large--scale data processing using Complex Event Processing and, in particular, the possible uses of Pulse in the scope of the data processing needs of CERN. Pulse is available as open--source and can be licensed both for non--commercial and commercial applications. FeedZai is interested in exploring possible synergies with CERN in high--volume low--latency data processing applications. The seminar will be structured in two sessions, the first one being aimed to expose the general scope of FeedZai's activities, and the second focused on Pulse itself: 10:00-11:00 FeedZai and Large Scale Data Processing Introduction to FeedZai FeedZai Pulse and Complex Event Processing Demonstration Use-Cases and Applications Conclusion and Q&A 11:00-11:15 Coffee break 11:15-12:30 FeedZai Pulse Under the Hood A First FeedZai Pulse Application PulseQL overview Defining KPIs and Baselines Conclusion and Q&A About the speakers Nuno Sebastiăo is the CEO of FeedZai. Having worked for many years for the European Space Agency (ESA), he was responsible the overall design and development of Satellite Simulation Infrastructure of the agency. Having left ESA to found FeedZai, Nuno is currently responsible for the whole operations of the company. Nuno holds an M.Eng. in Informatics Engineering for the University of Coimbra, and an MBA from the London Business School. Paulo Marques is the CTO of FeedZai, being responsible for product development. Paulo is an Assistant Professor at the University of Coimbra, in the area of Distributed Data Processing, and an Adjunct Associated Professor at Carnegie Mellon, in the US. In the past Paulo lead a large number of projects for institutions like the ESA, Microsoft Research, SciSys, Siemens, among others, being now fully dedicated to FeedZai. Paulo holds a Ph.D. in Distributed Systems from the University of Coimbra.
Collaborative Visualization for Large-Scale Accelerator Electromagnetic Modeling (Final Report)
William J. Schroeder
Informatics Strategies for Large-Scale Novel Cross-linking Analysis
Anderson, Gordon A.; Tolic, Nikola; Tang, Xiaoting; Zheng, Chunxiang; Bruce, James E.
The analysis of protein interactions in biological systems represents a significant challenge for today's technology. Chemical cross-linking provides the potential to impart new chemical bonds in a complex system that result in mass changes in the analysis of a set of tryptic peptides. However, system complexity and cross-linking product heterogeneity have precluded widespread chemical cross-linking use for large-scale identification of protein-protein interactions.The development of mass spectrometry identifiable cross-linkers called Protein Interaction Reporters (PIRs) has enabled on-cell chemical cross-linking experiments with product type differentiation. However, the complex datasets resultant from PIR experiments demand new informatics capabilities to allow interpretation. This manuscript details our efforts to develop such capabilities and describes the program X-links which allows PIR product type differentiation. Furthermore, we also present the results from Monte Carlo simulation of PIRtype experiments to provide false positive identification rate estimates for the PIR product type identification through observed precursor and released peptide masses. Our simulations also provide peptide identification calculations based on accurate masses and database complexity that can provide an estimation of false positive rates for peptide identification. Overall, the calculations show a low rate of false positive identification of PIR product types due to random mass matching of approximately 12% with 10 ppm mass measurement accuracy. In addition, consideration of a reduced database resulting from stage 1 analysis of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 containing 367 proteins resulted in a significant reduction of expected identification false positive identification rate estimation compared to that from the entire Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 proteome.
Informatics Strategies for Large-Scale Novel Cross-linking Analysis
Anderson, Gordon A.; Tolic, Nikola; Tang, Xiaoting; Zheng, Chunxiang; Bruce, James E.
The analysis of protein interactions in biological systems represents a significant challenge for today's technology. Chemical cross-linking provides the potential to impart new chemical bonds in a complex system that result in mass changes in the analysis of a set of tryptic peptides. However, system complexity and cross-linking product heterogeneity have precluded widespread chemical cross-linking use for large-scale identification of protein-protein interactions. The development of mass spectrometry identifiable cross-linkers called Protein Interaction Reporters (PIRs) has enabled on-cell chemical cross-linking experiments with product type differentiation. However, the complex datasets resultant from PIR experiments demand new informatics capabilities to allow interpretation. This manuscript details our efforts to develop such capabilities and describes the program X-links which allows PIR product type differentiation. Furthermore, we also present the results from Monte Carlo simulation of PIRtype experiments to provide false positive identification rate estimates for the PIR product type identification through observed precursor and released peptide masses. Our simulations also provide peptide identification calculations based on accurate masses and database complexity that can provide an estimation of false positive rates for peptide identification. Overall, the calculations show a low rate of false positive identification of PIR product types due to random mass matching of approximately 12% with 10 ppm mass measurement accuracy. In addition, consideration of a reduced database resulting from stage 1 analysis of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 containing 367 proteins resulted in a significant reduction of expected identification false positive identification rate estimation compared to that from the entire Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 proteome.
A Strong-Lens Survey in AEGIS: the Influence of Large Scale Structure
Moustakas, Leonidas A.; /Caltech, JPL; Marshall, Phil J.; /KIPAC, Menlo Park; Newman, Jeffrey A.; /LBL, Berkeley /NOAO, Tucson; Coil, Alison L.; /Arizona U., Astron. Dept. -; Cooper, Michael C.; Davis, Marc; /UC, Berkeley, Astron. Dept.; Fassnacht, Christopher D.; /UC, Davis; Guhathakurta, Puragra; /Lick Observ.; Hopkins, Andrew; /Sydney; Koekemoer, Anton; /Baltimore, Space Telescope Sci.; Konidaris, Nicholas P.; /Lick Observ.; Lotz, Jennifer M.; /NOAO, Tucson; Willmer, Christopher N.A.; /Arizona U., Astron. Dept. -
We report on the results of a visual search for galaxy-scale strong gravitational lenses over 650 arcmin2 of HST/ACS imaging in the Extended Groth Strip (EGS). These deep F606W- and F814W-band observations are in the DEEP2-EGS field. In addition to a previously-known Einstein Cross also found by our search (the ''Cross'', HSTJ141735+52264, with z{sub lens} = 0.8106 and a published z{sub source} = 3.40), we identify two new strong galaxy-galaxy lenses with multiple extended arcs. The first, HSTJ141820+52361 (the ''Dewdrop''; z{sub lens} = 0.5798), lenses two distinct extended sources into two pairs of arcs (z{sub source} = 0.9818 by nebular [O{sub II}] emission), while the second, HSTJ141833+52435 (the ''Anchor''; z{sub lens} = 0.4625), produces a single pair of arcs (source redshift not yet known). Four less convincing arc/counter-arc and two-image lens candidates are also found and presented for completeness. All three definite lenses are fit reasonably well by simple singular isothermal ellipsoid models including external shear, giving {chi}{sub {nu}}{sup 2}values close to unity. Using the three-dimensional line-of-sight (LOS) information on galaxies from the DEEP2 data, we calculate the convergence and shear contributions {kappa}{sub los} and {gamma}{sub los} to each lens, assuming singular isothermal sphere halos truncated at 200 h{sup -1} kpc. These are compared against a robust measure of local environment, {delta}{sub 3}, a normalized density that uses the distance to the third nearest neighbor. We find that even strong lenses in demonstrably underdense local environments may be considerably affected by LOS contributions, which in turn, under the adopted assumptions, may be underestimates of the effect of large scale structure.
Macroscopic x-ray fluorescence capability for large-scale elemental mapping
Volz, Heather M [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Havrilla, George J [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Aikin, Jr., Robert M [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Montoya, Velma M [Los Alamos National Laboratory
A non-destructive method of determining segregation of constituent elements over large length-scales is desired. Compositional information to moderate resolution over centimeters will be powerful not only to validate casting models but also to understand large-scale phenomena during solidification. To this end, they have rebuilt their XRF capability in conjunction with IXRF Systems, Inc. (Houston, TX) to accommodate samples that are much larger than those that typically fit into an XRF instrument chamber (up to 70 cm x 70 cm x 25 cm). This system uses a rhodium tube with maximum power of 35 kV and 100 {mu}A, the detector is a liquid nitrogen cooled lithium drifted silicon detector, and the smallest spot size is approximately 0.4 mm. Reference standard specimens will enable quantitative elemental mapping and analysis. Challenges to modifying the equipment are described. Non-uniformities in the Inconel 718 system will be shown and discussed. As another example, segregation of niobium or molybdenum in depleted uranium (DU) castings has been known to occur based on wet chemical anslysis (ICP-MS), but this destructive and time-consuming measurement is not practical for routine inspection of ingots. The U-Nb system is complicated due to overlap of the Nb K-alpha line with the U L-beta. Preliminary quantitative results are included on the distribution of Nb across slices from DU castings with different cooling rates. They foresee this macro-XRF elemental mapping capability to prove invaluable to many in the materials processing industry.
Covariance of cross-correlations: towards efficient measures for large-scale structure
Robert E. Smith
We study the covariance of the cross-power spectrum of different tracers for the large-scale structure. We develop the counts-in-cells framework for the multi-tracer approach, and use this to derive expressions for the full non-Gaussian covariance matrix. We show, that for the usual auto-power statistic, besides the off-diagonal covariance generated through gravitational mode-coupling, the discreteness of the tracers and their associated sampling distribution can generate strong off-diagonal covariance, and that this becomes the dominant source of covariance as k>>k_f=2 pi/L. On comparison with the derived expressions for the cross-power covariance, we show that the off-diagonal terms can be suppressed, if one cross-correlates a high tracer-density sample with a low one. Taking the effective estimator efficiency to be proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio (SN), we show that, to probe clustering as a function of physical properties of the sample, i.e. cluster mass or galaxy luminosity, then the cross-power approach can out perform the auto-power one by factors of a few. We confront the theory with measurements of the mass-mass, halo-mass, and halo-halo power spectra from a large ensemble of N-body simulations. We show that there is a significant SN advantage to be gained from using the cross-power approach when studying the bias of rare haloes. The analysis is repeated in configuration space and again SN improvement is found. We estimate the covariance matrix for these samples, and find strong off-diagonal contributions. The covariance depends on halo mass, with higher mass samples having stronger covariance. In agreement with theory, we show that the covariance is suppressed for the cross-power. This work points the way towards improved estimators for clustering studies.
Bayesian reconstruction of the cosmological large-scale structure: methodology, inverse algorithms and numerical optimization
F. S. Kitaura; T. A. Ensslin
We address the inverse problem of cosmic large-scale structure reconstruction from a Bayesian perspective. For a linear data model, a number of known and novel reconstruction schemes, which differ in terms of the underlying signal prior, data likelihood, and numerical inverse extra-regularization schemes are derived and classified. The Bayesian methodology presented in this paper tries to unify and extend the following methods: Wiener-filtering, Tikhonov regularization, Ridge regression, Maximum Entropy, and inverse regularization techniques. The inverse techniques considered here are the asymptotic regularization, the Jacobi, Steepest Descent, Newton-Raphson, Landweber-Fridman, and both linear and non-linear Krylov methods based on Fletcher-Reeves, Polak-Ribiere, and Hestenes-Stiefel Conjugate Gradients. The structures of the up-to-date highest-performing algorithms are presented, based on an operator scheme, which permits one to exploit the power of fast Fourier transforms. Using such an implementation of the generalized Wiener-filter in the novel ARGO-software package, the different numerical schemes are benchmarked with 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional problems including structured white and Poissonian noise, data windowing and blurring effects. A novel numerical Krylov scheme is shown to be superior in terms of performance and fidelity. These fast inverse methods ultimately will enable the application of sampling techniques to explore complex joint posterior distributions. We outline how the space of the dark-matter density field, the peculiar velocity field, and the power spectrum can jointly be investigated by a Gibbs-sampling process. Such a method can be applied for the redshift distortions correction of the observed galaxies and for time-reversal reconstructions of the initial density field.
Large-scale stable interacting dark energy model: Cosmological perturbations and observational constraints
Yun-He Li; Xin Zhang
Dark energy might interact with cold dark matter in a direct, nongravitational way. However, the usual interacting dark energy models (with constant $w$) suffer from some catastrophic difficulties. For example, the $Q\\propto\\rho_{\\rm c}$ model leads to an early-time large-scale instability, and the $Q\\propto\\rho_{\\rm de}$ model gives rise to the future unphysical result for cold dark matter density (in the case of a positive coupling). In order to overcome these fatal flaws, we propose in this paper an interacting dark energy model (with constant $w$) in which the interaction term is carefully designed to realize that $Q\\propto\\rho_{\\rm de}$ at the early times and $Q\\propto\\rho_{\\rm c}$ in the future, simultaneously solving the early-time superhorizon instability and future unphysical $\\rho_{\\rm c}$ problems. The concrete form of the interaction term in this model is $Q=3\\beta H \\frac{\\rho_{\\rm{de}}\\rho_{\\rm{c}}}{\\rho_{\\rm{de}}+\\rho_{\\rm{c}}}$, where $\\beta$ is the dimensionless coupling constant. We show that this model is actually equivalent to the decomposed new generalized Chaplygin gas (NGCG) model, with the relation $\\beta=-\\alpha w$. We calculate the cosmological perturbations in this model in a gauge-invariant way and show that the cosmological perturbations are stable during the whole expansion history provided that $\\beta>0$. Furthermore, we use the Planck data in conjunction with other astrophysical data to place stringent constraints on this model (with eight parameters), and we find that indeed $\\beta>0$ is supported by the joint constraint at more than 1$\\sigma$ level. The excellent theoretical features and the support from observations all indicate that the decomposed NGCG model deserves more attention and further investigation.
Edwin Zaccai (d.), Sustainable consumption, ecology and fair trade, Londres, Routledge, 2007 Is large-scale fair trade possible?
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Edwin Zaccai (éd.), Sustainable consumption, ecology and fair trade, Londres, Routledge, 2007 1 Is large-scale fair trade possible? Ronan Le Velly Abstract The article presents the changes in the nature of the market relationship that are induced by the expansion of fair trade. It shows that the increase
Developing Renewable Energy Projects Larger Than 10 MWs at Federal Facilities: Large-Scale Renewable Energy Guide
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Guide helps agency personnel navigate the complexities of developing large-scale renewable energy projects and assists them in attracting the necessary private capital to complete these projects. It also serves as a general resource to develop Federal employees' awareness and understanding of a project developer's operating environment and the private sector's awareness and understanding of the Federal environment.
JOB SUMMARY JOB TITLE: RESEARCH FELLOW (Multi-Agent Systems for Large-Scale Evolving SCADA (Research Fellows
Liu, Weiru
JOB SUMMARY JOB TITLE: RESEARCH FELLOW (Multi-Agent Systems for Large-Scale Evolving SCADA, the research topics include: (i) developing multi-agent system architecture for supporting SCADA systems-agent environments and integrating planning knowledge; (iii) investigating security vulnerabilities in MAS for SCADA
Reduced-Order Models of Zero-Net Mass-Flux Jets for Large-Scale Flow Control Simulations
Mittal, Rajat
Reduced-Order Models of Zero-Net Mass-Flux Jets for Large-Scale Flow Control Simulations Reni Raju computational tools are well suited for modeling the dynamics of zero-net mass-flux actuators, the computational vorticity, (s-1 ) I. Introduction ERO-net mass-flux (ZNMF) actuators or "synthetic jets" have potential
744 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 24, NO. 2, MAY 2009 Large-Scale Distribution Planning--Part I
Catholic University of Chile (Universidad Católica de Chile)
744 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 24, NO. 2, MAY 2009 Large-Scale Distribution Planning--Part I: Simultaneous Network and Transformer Optimization Alejandro Navarro, Member, IEEE, and Hugh-voltage distribution networks. Combined optimization of transformers and associated networks is per- formed
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 17, NO. 1, JANUARY 2009 103 Hierarchical Segmentation for Hardware
Luk, Wayne
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 17, NO. 1, JANUARY 2009 103 involving uniform splines and splines with size varying by powers of two is particularly well suited at the output. A coefficient transformation technique is also described, which significantly reduces the dynamic
232 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 6, NO. 2, JUNE 1998 Short Papers
Boemo, Eduardo
232 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 6, NO. 2, JUNE 1998, and moderate power consumption. The construction of wave pipelines is benefited by the use of gates and buffers, low-power de- sign, performance tradeoffs. I. INTRODUCTION PIPELINING is one of the most powerful
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 11, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2003 129 Relative Timing
Stevens, Ken
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS, VOL. 11, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2003 129 synthesis and veri- fication are demonstrated on three example circuits, facilitating transformations from perfor- mance, area, power, and functional testability of up to a factor of 3 in all three cases