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Montpelier Property Tax Facts
Office of the City Manager
Property Taxes, Budgets & Services
by William Fraser, City Manager
Taxable properties, tax exemptions and local expenses are key elements of local budgets and tax rates. All of these impact the tax rate but they are not the biggest part of the story. The major factors behind Montpelier's budgets and tax rates are service delivery and service population. And with Act 60 and Act 68 leveling the field for school taxes, the focus must be on municipal services.
If we look at communities around the state with high tax rates we start seeing some interesting parallels. There's our Central Vermont counterpart, Barre City claiming the top municipal (non-school) tax rate in Vermont. We also find Springfield, Rutland City, Middlebury, Windsor, Newport City, Rockingham/Bellows Falls, and Brattleboro. The similarities are strikingly obvious. All are older communities who serve as regional centers for other towns near them. Unlike a Burlington or South Burlington, they have neither the population base nor the "grand list" base to spread the costs of service delivery very widely. As a result, they all provide many direct services and maintain older infrastructure for use by people from an entire region but only paid for by residents. Many of these (Montpelier, Barre, Rutland, Middlebury, Windsor, Newport) were historically part of larger municipalities but were split off (i.e. Barre City and Barre Town). This resulted in greatly reduced land areas compared to most Vermont towns.
This notion of expanded service needs and delivery can be most visibly illustrated by the provision of Fire service.. There are only 12 full time or "paid" fire departments in all of Vermont, the 220+ others are all run by volunteers. Out of these nine top tax communities, however, seven have paid departments - only Middlebury and Newport still use volunteers. And the other five communities in the state with paid departments fit the mold as well. Burlington of course has the largest population base in the state. Hartford and South Burlington maintain lower municipal rates through a property base which is 1 ½ to 2 times more per resident than Montpelier. The remaining two, St. Albans City and St. Johnsbury, have the highest municipal tax rates in Franklin and Caledonia counties respectively but their relatively low school rates keep them out of the very highest total tax rates. All other towns and cities in Vermont have volunteer Fire Departments.
Obviously Fire Departments are not the only service being delivered in these communities and are not the only costs driving local budgets. The jump to a paid department, however, represents a major policy and cost shift for any town and is only made if the local people believe the need is justified. The presence of a paid Fire Department is almost always indicative of expanded overall local service needs - often to handle demands created by non residents.
Montpelier is really the "poster child" for this service phenomenon. Our daytime population of approximately 20,000 represents jobs, customers and economic activity. But those individuals also get into accidents, use parking spaces, speed, get injured or sick, commit crimes and cause wear and tear on roads and facilities. Under the very limited revenue raising options available to Vermont's towns and cities, virtually all of these costs fall to the 8,000 or so local property tax payers. For example, the city handles over 18,000 to 20,000 police incidents (large and small) annually. At more than two calls for service per capita, this is the highest police activity rates in Vermont except for Barre City. By comparison, Burlington - even with the colleges and being the center of the metro area - only handles about one police incident per capita.
One contributing factor to this situation is the steady population growth in our neighboring, more rural, towns. The most recent census showed a combined increase of 915 residents (+11.5%) in Berlin, Calais, East Montpelier and Middlesex. At the same time, Montpelier's population dropped by 349 residents (-4.1%). This is something of a "chicken and egg" situation since many people will say that they moved to Berlin, Middlesex, or East Montpelier to avoid Montpelier's taxes yet have handy access to our downtown, community facilities and, yes, local services. Once again, their presence in our community is felt positively through business, the arts and civic efforts but the cost of services falls on Montpelier residents alone.
Let's compare 2005 tax rates and local services within our immediate region. Tax information is taken from the 2006 Annual Report of the Vermont Department of Taxes. An Effective Tax Rate is determined once the property values in various communities have been "equalized", that is taking into account the different overall community assessment ratios. The Actual Tax Rate is the rate that residents saw on their bills and is applied to their non-equalized tax bills. When comparing communities, it is much more accurate to look at the Effective rates rather than the Actual rates.
Barre City
East Mplr .
2005 Actual Tax Rate
2005 Effective
Res. Tax Rate
'05 Actual Res. School Rate
'05 Effective School Res. Rate
'05 Actual Municipal Rate
'05 Effective Municipal Rate
Police Dept.
18 Full Time
6 FT Dispatch (for 18 towns)
19 Full Time 7 FT, 2 PT Dispatch
1 CSO Reader
19 PT reserve
5 Full time
None -
State Police only
None - State Police only
State Police, Sheriffs
2 Constables
Fire Dept.
17 Full Time
3 Part Time
14 Call Force
17 Full Time 14 Call Force
All Volunteer
All Volunteer
All Volunteer
All Volunteer
Full Time EMS Direct Service provided by Fire Dept.
Full Time EMS & Paramedics through Fire Dept
Contract with Barre Town. No Fast Squad, Fire Dept helps
Contract with Barre Town. East Mplr. Fast Squad
Contract with Montpelier. Volunteer Fast Squad
Contract with Barre Town. Volunteer Fast Squad
Amb. Avg. Response Time
4 minutes
3 minutes
8 minutes
15 minutes
11 minutes
12 minutes
Road/Maintenance Crew
17 Full Time
12 Full Time
4 Full Time
4 Full Time
3 Full Time
3 Full Time
56 miles total
2 miles dirt
49 miles total
51 miles Town - several dirt 26 miles State
72 miles total 69 miles dirt
65 miles total
44 miles dirt
59 miles total
45 miles dirt
35 miles total
23 miles total
Bike Paths
1.75 miles total paved
1 mile
Tax Payments allowed
4 times/ year. Can do auto deduct from bank account
4 times/ year.
Can do auto deduct from bank account
2 times /year. No auto deduct.
1 time/ year. No auto deduct.
2 times/ year. No auto deduct.
1 time/ year. No auto deduct.
Recreation Facilities
Hubbard Park No. Branch Pk. Swim. Pool
2 Rec Fields Rec Center Civic Center Tennis Cts Playgrounds Mountaineers
BOR Arena Barre Aud.
7 Playgrnds Swim. Pool Tennis Cts
2 Rec Fields 3 Parks
Outdoor skating
Wrightsville Beach - regionally funded facility
Rec Field
This chart illustrates some of the tax, cost and service differences between Montpelier and its neighbors. One immediate observation is that the School Tax Rates are fairly constant throughout. In fact, Montpelier's effective school rate is lower than all of the U-32 towns except for Berlin.
The most notable observation, of course, is that the average effective residential tax rate for the 8,877 residents in the surrounding four towns was 27.7% less than the Montpelier resident rate. Note that the total effective tax rate for Barre City, however, is exactly the same as Montpelier and services are similar. What services do Montpelier residents receive for this extra tax burden that people don't get in the other Towns?
Full time Fire and Ambulance service based in downtown Montpelier. Volunteer Fire and Ambulance departments do excellent jobs but they can't match the response time or training level of full time staff people. Dispatch records show an average ambulance response time of 4 minutes locally compared to 11.5 minutes in the combined towns. This difference may not seem like much but sit and watch the clock sometime thinking you're waiting for someone to provide emergency medical assistance to you or a family member. The Full time Fire Department is actively involved with fire prevention efforts as well as emergency response, is active in development review and has advocated for safety and prevention initiatives such as sprinklers and increased building inspection.
Full Time police service based in downtown Montpelier. A 9-1-1 emergency call gets a local police officer at your door within minutes. Officers are on patrol 24 hours per day, seven days per week. One officer is involved with the school system full time. In communities served by State Police, one Trooper may be on duty covering many towns.
Full Time dispatching service – That same 9-1-1 call is answered in the Montpelier police station by people familiar with the community. In almost all other towns and cities in the region, emergency calls are answered by a centralized state dispatcher in Williston and then relayed to local emergency providers.
Paved and quickly plowed roads. 97% of Montpelier's roads are paved compared with 20% in neighboring towns. Gravel roads mean more dust, "dings" on vehicles and difficult access during certain seasons (mud) and weather conditions. When you're in a business rush or personal emergency, can you rely on being able to pass over your road year round? Neighboring road crews do a fine job but with an average of one person per 17.5 miles of road, one cannot expect the same service as Montpelier who staffs one person per 3.5 miles of road. And the neighboring crews don't have any responsibilities for snow bank removal in downtown, sidewalk plowing/ maintenance, street lights or traffic signals.
Public Information. Montpelier residents have many more opportunities to stay in touch with their local government than their neighbors do. Virtually all municipal and school meetings are broadcast on local Cable TV. Both the City and School maintain comprehensive web sites for on-line access. The City's Annual Report has won awards for public presentation the last two years. Both the School and the City contribute regular features in the Bridge newspaper. This year the city is developing a new initiative to create a wireless internet environment in the downtown area and, eventually, throughout the community.
These are the major examples. The list is much longer though; it includes a full slate of recreation programs, municipal water and sewer systems (rather than wells and septic tanks), storm drain systems to avoid washouts and direct drainage away from properties, the City Hall Auditorium and Arts Center, the swimming pool and rec facilities, and administrative conveniences like quarterly tax payments with automatic bank deductions if you want them.
There are also many great things that Montpelier residents support that neighboring residents can also benefit from at no cost or greatly disproportional cost. Hubbard Park and North Branch Park are two prime examples. Others include the Kellogg-Hubbard Library, sidewalks and bike/pedestrian paths, street sweeping, fire prevention efforts, the Montpelier Arts Fund, downtown enhancement initiatives - not to mention Design Review and Planning efforts which are occasionally causes of controversy but which regularly help keep the city looking as wonderful as it does for all to enjoy. And everyone enjoys events like Independence Day, First Night, and other celebrations.
If the State of Vermont paid "full" property taxes for all of its tax exempt buildings and properties, wouldn't we be just fine?
Act 60 has changed the way we look at property taxes for education. With the shared, state wide education grand list the effect of the state's property tax exemption is spread over the entire funding pool - not just any one community. The state has, essentially, met its education portion of taxes through the Act 60 and Act 68 formula. In addtition, $941,776 in income sensitivity payments were made to local residents to reduce their school property taxes. Over $420,000 in reduced Machinery and Equipment taxes is realized by local businesses. On top of that, the State provides a "circuit rider" program which reduces overall property taxes for people with lower incomes. In 2005, this program brought $601,503 in tax relief to Montpelier.
At the same time, the State's total Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILOT) has grown to $577,600 or about 11 cents on the tax rate. This is approximately 60% of their estimated "full" taxes for municipal services. If the State paid "full" municipal taxes, then, the tax rate would be another 8-10 cents lower, a savings of $108-$136 on the average residential tax bill.
City officials are continuing to fight hard for full payment of municipal taxes by the state. Residents, though, should be aware that much of this benefit is already in place and full PILOT will not create major tax reduction in the form of hundreds upon hundreds of dollars!
The presence 2,255 state jobs in Montpelier certainly creates the service demands discussed earlier but also provides economic benefits to the community. Most importantly, the state has come a long way toward assisting Montpelier – and particularly our most needy residents - with our tax burden. Its not valid to say "Its the state's fault". How does one explain the high local taxes in Barre, Rutland and the others with much less of a state presence?
The grand list (the total of all assessed valuation) is flat or too low - shouldn't we develop more taxable buildings and properties to reduce taxes for the rest of us?
Clearly an expansion of the grand list would spread local property taxes further. We've already referenced communities with per capita Grand Lists that are 1.5 to 2 times greater than ours who provide full services for much lower taxes. South Burlington, for example, delivers essentially the same services as Montpelier for an effective municipal tax rate of 42 cents (vs. 1.26 here). Its also probable that housing development might reverse or slow the trend of declining enrollment in the schools which is driving "per-pupil" spending up.
Some caution needs to be exercised though. With Act 60 equalizing grand lists around the state, an expansion of tax base doesn't always translate to direct benefit to the host community. A major consideration is the impact of any additional service demand created by the newly developed property - are we canceling out new revenue with new expenses? Are development proposals in keeping with the size and scale that's acceptable to the community?
On going Grand List growth is unquestionably important to the long term financial health of the community. It's important, however, that people understand the vast amount of property growth necessary to create substantial tax savings (assuming there were no new costs). As illustration, if downtown were replicated - in its entirety – and those property values added to the grand list, the tax rate would drop about 8 cents or $108 dollars to the average resident. And that's without any additional cost requirements. To reduce the tax rate by 75 cents which puts us in line with the neighboring communities - would require additional taxable property of which equals about 80% of our current taxable property – nearly doubling the community's property base. While keeping a steady eye on grand list growth is important, it should not be viewed as the one key element to tax reduction.
Can't we cut local expenses, reduce the number of city/school employees, etc.?
City Council members and School Board members have been holding down expenses for years. During the late 80's and early 90's, the city council eliminated 10-12 full time positions. Over the last 10 years, at least 7 positions have been reduced and/or reallocated to different priorities. Services have been trimmed, streamlined and made more efficient whenever possible and efforts in that direction are continuous. In the meantime, though, the demand for services has remained constant or increased. We are getting the same amount of police calls, fire/ambulance calls, snowfall, permit applications etc as always. Budgets are scrutinized very closely by the elected officials and the administration - we all pay the same taxes.
As with Grand List growth, cost management is a function of scale. For every $52,000 raised or cut in the budget, average residential taxes change by about $10.00. A budget reduction of $520,000, then, would cut the tax rate by 10 cents or the average tax bill by about $136.00. $520,000, though, represents about 9 full time employees including pay and benefits or about 12.5% of the city's present tax funded work force of 72 FTE (the rest are funded through fees such as water/sewer rates, parking etc). 9 less positions will result in a direct reduction in the quality of services discussed earlier. There will be less police officers, fire fighters, road crew workers, planning staff, customer service staff, local facilities, etc. Despite the 10 cent tax rate savings ($136 to the average resident), average taxes will still be well above $3,700. Taxes will still be high but services will have diminished noticeably. This is the dilemma that the Council faces annually.
At least 50 cents need to be cut to develop tax rates that are competitive with our neighboring communities. To cut the tax rate by 50 cents, $2,600,000 in expenditures would need to be trimmed - about 40% of the current tax commitment. Obviously local government services as we know them today would not exist - yet average residential taxes would be about $2,600. For what? Schools, of course, and municipal services that resemble those of the neighbors. Who will answer the 1,800 Fire/Ambulance calls? Or respond to the 18-20,000 police calls? Or plow the roads and sidewalks? Who will review development proposals?
Over the last six years, the city budgets have only proposed an average annual tax increase of 1.5%. Cost management remains a high priority for the city. We constantly seek to do things in a more cost-effective manner. Its important, though, to hold the cost issue in perspective as well.
What are we left with?
State laws presently offer very little to municipal governments for revenue sources. We are essentially limited to property taxes and various fees for services. It is often difficult to assess additional user fees when the base tax rate is so high - residents feel they've already paid handsomely for something through their taxes and balk at added fees.
Without some major policy change in the state, communities like Montpelier and the others mentioned earlier will continue to fight a difficult battle. Eventually services and maintenance will wane, property owners will let their buildings deteriorate to avoid higher assessments and rental space will become unaffordable. Traditional downtowns and center communities are at as much risk from inadequate tax policy as they are from "sprawl". One could argue that such tax policy is one of the major forces behind "sprawl".
Cities like ours need to look for broader revenue raising mechanisms that provide funds from non-residents who use services. In 2004, the Council proposed a local sales tax and rooms/meals tax that would have raised $535,000 in local revenus plus an additional $69,000 in PILOT payments. That proposal was rejected by voters so the city is left scrambling for other ideas within a very narrow legal framework. Surely people in nearby towns directly benefit from their proximity to Montpelier and Barre, why shouldn't they contribute to the well being of those cities? There are many ideas which need to be considered at the state level in order to keep our traditional community centers viable. Unfortunately it is the state legislature which is empowered to make these decisions, not the local residents.
In the meantime, Montpelier officials will continue to advocate for full state tax payment, seek to develop the grand list and keep expenses in line. We will continue meeting community priorities like high service levels, support to the downtown, completion and maintenance of public facilities and an excellent quality of life. Montpelier, Barre and comparable communities have a tough challenge. As always, please feel free to call me at 223-9502 or send e-mail to
if you have questions or comments.
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October 12, 2015
City Announces Survey and Reminds Residents of the Second Community Budget Forum
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October 09, 2015
City to Hold Second Community Budget Forum - 10/13
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September 08, 2015
Rialto Bridge Repairs
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Oct 19, 2015 5:30 pm
Planning Commission Meeting
Oct 20, 2015 5:30 pm
Design Review Committee Meeting
Oct 26, 2015 5:30 pm
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September 2008
Describes research to develop new compounds that match or exceed the pain relief provided by opioids while avoiding their shortcomings.
Describes new tools under development, including one to visualize cells deep in the brain and another one that remotely activates brain cells.
Announces the three winners of the NIDA and Scholastic Corporation 2008 Addiction Science Awards honoring high school students' award-winning addiction-related projects.
June 2008
Describes a booklet that explains what scientists know about how drug addiction changes the brain and affects behavior and clears up misconceptions about drug addiction.
Reports on a study involving researchers who successfully desensitized mice to cocaine by genetically altering their dopamine transporters.
Describes a study of unemployed methadone patients and the use of assertive outreach and motivational techniques to improve the patients' employment outlook.
Describes research providing evidence that maternal smoking during pregnancy contributes to behavioral conduct disorders among toddlers, school-age children, and teens.
Reports on scientists who pinpointed the biochemical trigger from morphine that sets off a chain reaction that inhibits an immune cell that is key in fighting viruses and cancer.
Reports on evidence that toluene abuse can harm the nervous system and body, although scientists know relatively little about its specific actions.
Highlights the work of investigators who discovered key ways in which morphine may accelerate the progression of AIDS in animal studies.

subset: commoncrawl


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Artist Brandon Graham
Available series in store category "Comic books"
Brandon Graham in the
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|6 people arrested for break-ins
|Written by Lauren Ohnesorge
|Wednesday, 02 May 2007 03:21
Watauga County Sheriff's Office has arrested 6 individuals in connection with breaking and enterings that occurred in the Heavenly Mountain section of Watauga County.22 total charges were issued against the 6, and more may come as detectives continue the investigation. Charged were 18-year-old Tristan Daniel Royal Rattler of Blowing Rock, 16-year-old Kelly Michelle Stepuch of Boone, 17-year-old Daniel Alan Hayes of Vilas, 18-year-old Matthew Allen Marsh of Boone, 18-year-old Patrick Christian Angle of Blowing Rock, and 18-year-old Christopher Andrew Bridges of Winston Salem. Additional arrests are pending.
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BUFFALO, N.Y. - When Buffalo residents first heard that there was a group of volunteers who wanted to come fix up their homes free of charge, one thought it was a scam and even called her councilman.
But when the small army of generous Western New Yorkers showed up to start fixing 30 homes across Buffalo this week, she quickly became a believer.
2 On Your Side photojournalist Dooley O'Rourke shows us more.


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Latest Articles from Bellpenny
From the Bellpenny nest
NEW on our site: 'Savers still pondering pension options' http://t.co/JmjULz3FqY @Zurich @stevewebb1 #pensionpots #investments
Want to know more about how we have been working with @snapcharity ahead of their golf day on Friday? Read here: http://t.co/TbUpAil0l9
We will be supporting @snapcharity at its golf day fundraiser in Essex this Friday. Look out for team Bellpenny! http://t.co/aiySsJLycu
Bellpenny People are not afraid of hard work. For our clients this means dedication, intelligence and conquering challenges to reap financial rewards. For Bellpenny Financial Planners it means creating tailored, detailed strategies to turn these rewards into secure lifestyles.
Across the UK, Bellpenny People (that's both our financial planners and our clients) understand something important about money – that it's only worth something when it brings freedom to you and your family's life.
Bellpenny was founded on the principle of upfront and fair service. We also make sure we state clearly what you pay us (and when) for financial advice. We believe your Bellpenny Financial Planner should be as accountable as any other professional you deal with.
Long-term thinking – it doesn't come naturally to everyone! However Bellpenny People know that weighing up the range of financial solutions on offer can give long-term security. And that means peace of mind in the short-term!
Bellpenny People keep an eye on the details. For our financial planners this means regular meetings and updates with their clients. For our clients it means the ability to log in to a secure website and check the progress of their financial strategies.
We are currently in the process of moving to our new office at 45 Church Street, Birmingham, B3 2RT. If you require either Bellpenny or TQ Invest during this time, please call our head office on 0845 475 7500 and we will call you back. We apologise for any inconvenience this may cause.
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Our vision is to become the UK's most respected financial advice company.
For the TQ Invest Website, please click here.


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Mini Blinds
Mini blinds have been used for decades, but that doesn't mean mini blinds today are the same as mini blinds from the past. Here at Select Blinds, all of our mini blinds are made from aluminum instead of vinyl. This makes our blinds stronger and more durable than more traditional mini blinds.Options and Upgrades
Mini blinds or aluminum blinds don't have to be ordinary anymore, not with all these options and upgrades:
Cloth Tapes - Want to cover up route holes, block all those pinpoints of light, and add style to your blinds? Then cloth tapes are for you. Choose from a variety of colors so you can have the perfect mini blinds for your home. Your mini blinds will never look sleeker.
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Ready to order your new mini aluminum blinds? Start with ordering free samples and then take a look at the measuring instructions for mini blinds. Our aluminum blinds are cheap in price, not in quality.


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Rumor has it that Buffalo, NY-based SweetWorks, Inc. is the world's largest gumball manufacturer.
Mariah Kerwin, SweetWorks' brand manager, confirms that the rumor is indeed true, but qualifies that SweetWorks is the world's largest "quality" gumball manufacturer and pumps out an enormous number of gumballs for its own Oak Leaf and Bubble King brands as well as other companies on contract.
Gumballs aren't the only specialty at SweetWorks, though. SweetWorks began in 1956 as Niagara Chocolates. Niagara manufactured everyday and seasonal molded chocolate products and still does today under the SweetsWorks umbrella. In total, there are six major brands that fall under this golf-sized umbrella, including Niagara Chocolate, Oak Leaf, Sixlets, Bubble King, Ovation, and Florida Tropic. A seventh brand, Radz, is also about to take cover (more on Radz below).
Over the last 10 years, SweetWorks has been growing at a brisk pace. The company's nostalgic Sixlets—a brand purchased from The Hershey Company in 2003—started out as a penny candy, but has become a "must-have" item on candy buffets now that the tiny candy-coated chocolate balls are available in a rainbow of single colors and pearlized finishes. Sixlets are consistently a top seller at Candy.com.
More growth is on the way, too. At next week's Sweets & Snacks EXPO, SweetWorks will be launching two new product lines and a new flavor in its Ovation truffle sticks line. All three product lines have distinctly different target markets:
Kid-friendly: SweetWorks' new Radz line of 250+ collectible toy dispensers come in a variety of everyday and seasonal characters. Each Radz figure has interchangeable parts and dispenses colorful candy from its tongue, hence the tagline, "Fun For Your Tongue.™" Additionally, Radz has a social media component and Web-based interactivity for kids at RadzWorld.com (think Webkinz meets Candy Land). If you are attending the 2011 Sweets & Snacks EXPO, head to SweetWorks booth #1709 and get a Radz password to demo the product online. The first series of Radz to appear in the marketplace will be a limited edition Christmas Reindeer and Polar Bear. Both toy and candy are blister-packed to create a 3.04-ounce set.
Party-friendly: For party planners, SweetWorks' new "Celebration" line is designed to make candy buffets, themed events, party favors, and cookie/cupcake/cake decorating pretty darn simple … and color-coordinated. "Celebration" includes 8-ounce retail-ready bags of gumballs, 14-ounce retail-ready bags of Sixlets, and 4.5-ounce jars of Sixlets and Pearls—all in bright, shiny single colors. A few shakes of a jar would make an ice cream cone even better.
Gift-friendly: SweetWorks' line of high-end Ovation truffle sticks in Mint, Irish Cream, and Orange flavors, is getting a caffeinated sibling, Cappuccino. The dark chocolate Ovation Cappuccino sticks are all-natural and made with real coffee beans. Packaging for all Ovation products is beautiful, but not over-the-top frilly, so you will score points with both male and female foodie friends if you gift them. Each 4.4-ounce box of Cappuccino Ovation includes 40 sticks.
Next week, Tues., May 24 – Thurs., May 26, is the 2011 Sweets & Snacks EXPO in Chicago! It's America's largest candy show, and Candy.com will be blogging and Twittering about new candies, trends, candy business news, and anything else worth sharing—live from the candy carpet all three days. Tune in!


text: Amplify To allow students the opportunity to both lead and be led by their peers in the making of excellent music through the use of human voice. Our objective is to facilitate God's glorification through adaptation of diverse musical styles to a capella style singing. Director: Sarah Macolino Advisor: TBD Jukebox Theater To worship the sovereign and creative God by allowing His truth to be revealed through theater. To use the gifts of non-theater and theater majors by adding to the exposure of various types of theatrical productions. More > President: Matthew James Advisor: Kristin Siewert Wheaton Improv To build an enduring community of Christians who are motivated to share great improv. Learn more about Wheaton Improv. Club Leader: Sarah Harrist Advisors: Amy & Brendon Culhane


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Tottenham Hotspur rode a brace from Emmanuel Adebayor as well as an own goal to a 3-1 win over Swansea in Barclay's Premier League action on Sunday. Adebayor opened the scoring in the 35th minute off of a header served from Christian Ericksen to take Spurs into the break up 1-0.
An own goal on the other side of halftime from Swansea defender Chico made it 2-0 before Adebayor tapped in his second of the day as Danny Rose's cutback from the left in the 71st minute.
Swansea pulled a goal back late through Wilfried Bony in the 78th but it was too little too late as Spurs manager Tim Sherwood earned his fifth win in seven Premier League matches since taking over the side on December 16.
The result moves Spurs to fifth in the Barclay's Premier League, level on points with fourth place Liverpool as they ready to welcome second place Manchester City to White Hart Lane on Wednesday.
Check out highlights of the match courtesy of NBC Sports below.
Tickets for the Fire's friendly vs. Tottenham Hotspur go ON SALE to the general public this Friday, January 24. For more information, please visit www.chicago-fire.com/spurs.
Who is Marco Franco? What's his playing style?
Re-live the 2014 MLS SuperDraft with this exclusive, not seen on TV interview with the Fire's draft pick Marco Franco.
Want to see new Fire Homegrown signing Harry Shipp's body of work or just need more Harry Shipp in your life?
Watch the below highlight reel, courtesy of MLSsoccer.com:
Major League Soccer announced Wednesday that the Chicago Fire are one of five teams taking part in Thursday's weight lottery for Brian "Cobi" Span.
Span is a 21-year-old midfielder who was teammates with Fire defender Hunter Jumper for two years at the University of Virginia. Span left UVa after the 2011 season and signed with Swedish Allsvenskan side Djurgårdens.
Thursday's lottery will take place at 9:00am CT with the announcement shortly after.
See below the odds for each team that elected to take part. Odds are determined in reverse order of the standings from the previous 34 games, in this case, the 2013 MLS season:
|FC Dallas
|Chicago Fire
|San Jose Earthquakes
|New England Revolution
|Real Salt Lake
Iconic Mexican legend and former Fire attacker Cuauhtemoc Blanco has announced he'll retire following Lobos BUAP's finish of the Liga de Acenso's Apertura tournament next year.
Rated as perhaps the best Mexican player of all-time, Blanco became the first Designated Player in Chicago Fire history when he signed with the Men in Red in 2007. He'd go on to appear in 77 matches, tallying 19 goals and 28 assists with Chicago through the 2009 season before returning to Mexico with Veracruz.
As part of the club's 15th Anniversary in 2012, Blanco was also named as one of the Top 15 players in Chicago Fire history.
Blanco is Mexico's second all-time leading goal scorer, tallying 39 goals across 119 appearances and represented "El Tri" at the 1998, 2002 and 2010 FIFA World Cups.
Most interestingly, the above article also states that one of his planned send off friendlies next year will be in the United States...
The club announced Wednesday that Fire Original and Ring of Fire member C.J. Brown would be returning to the Men in Red as an assistant coach under Frank Yallop.
As the longest tenured Fire player of all time and the club's appearance record holder, C.J.'s return is a special one for old and young supporters of the club. To celebrate C.J. coming back to the Windy City, we're giving supporters three chances to win autographed C.J. Brown jerseys today via Fire Social Media.
INSTAVIDEO: Upload your best impression of the "CJ Dance" to Instavideo with #CJsBack and be entered to win… In case you forgot what that looks like, watch it here...
FACEBOOK: Simply LIKE this post by 11:59pm CT Wednesday and be entered to win.
TWITTER: Simply RT the below tweet and FOLLOW @ChicagoFire by 11:59pm CT Wednesday and be entered to win.
RT & FOLLOW by 11:59pm CT Weds. for a chance to win a signed CJ Brown #cf97 jersey:. https://t.co/uZ1HSP2CL9 #CJsBack
— Chicago Fire (@ChicagoFire) December 11, 2013
STAY TUNED: We'll announce the winners on Thursday morning!
One of my favorite days of the year is the day the MLS schedule is released.
For many fans, this announcement means compiling a list of blackout days where the Fire are playing at Toyota Park. For Fire fans not residing in the Chicagoland area, it means finding out when the Men in Red will be visiting your nearest MLS team. But for someone like me who has been on quite a few road trips (over 50 but not as many as this guy), the schedule release day means not only looking at the home fixtures but also the away ones.
Questions I asked myself earlier today: Does Toronto away fall on weekend instead of a Wednesday night? How much does it cost to fly to Portland in March? These important questions get answered on this special day.
With that in mind, let's take a look at five exciting dates in the 2014 Fire calendar:
Week 2 – Portland away – Saturday, March 15
Ever since Portland came into the league in 2011, the Fire supporters umbrella, Section 8 Chicago, has had a very good relationship with the Timbers Army, Portland's main supporters group. The relationship is based on mutual respect and a shared "dislike" of all things Seattle.
Fire fans are always treated well in Portland and it's not uncommon for Fire and Timbers fans to hang out before and after the games, something you would never see Fire fans doing in Columbus or Kansas City.
The atmosphere at JELD-Wen Field is also second to none. Though is certainly isn't going to be the easiest away trip on the field or the lightest on the wallet, I think we will see quite a few Fire fans making the trip to Portland in Week 2 instead of traveling to LA to watch the Fire face Chivas in the season opener.
Week 6 & 22 – Montreal away – Saturday, April 12 and Sunday, August 16
The Fire were the Montreal Impact's opponents in the Canadian club's first home MLS back in 2012 and I was lucky enough to be at the game and had a great time.
That game was played indoors at the Olympic Stadium with a less than favorable playing surface – something many of the Fire fans observed firsthand the day before the game when we were invited to watch the team train (see photo above).
Now the Impact have Saputo Stadium refurbished, which provides another incentive for traveling Fire fans who may not have gotten there earlier this year.
Montreal is also a unique MLS city for a number of reasons. I can't think of another MLS city where fans can brush up on their French by talking to the locals or take in the spectacular Notre-Dame basilica while eating some amazing poutine!
Montreal can be quite cold in April, but luckily for Fire fans, the April date is only the first time the Men in Red visit The City of Saints. I hear the weather is a lot nicer in mid-August, when the Fire visit for the second time.
Week 11 – Columbus away – Saturday, May 24
Columbus or Fire House East as many Fire fans call it is the closest away trip of the season distance wise. Due to this fact, the number of Fire fans attending this match is exponentially bigger than most other away games.
In 2001, Fire fans went to Crew Stadium in their hundreds, even when the Fire was not playing! The Fire had been knocked out in the Conference Semifinals by the Los Angeles Galaxy and many fans turned up to cheer against LA (and for the then Frank Yallop-led San Jose Earthquakes) at MLS Cup.
There have been many highs experienced in Columbus, such as Paulo Wanchope's winning goal in a 2007 match after the game was delayed due to a torrential downpour. Fire fans were also 45 minutes away from MLS Cup in 2008 but for a Crew comeback in the second half which left Fire fans, including myself, devastated. There's also the 2012 invasion which saw 600 Fire supporters make the trek.
The Fire only play once at Fire House East this season and I expect to see a lot of red behind the goal on May 24.
Week 16 & 32 Kansas City away –Sunday, July 6 & Friday, October 10
Kansas City is another road trip that fans have attended in large numbers throughout the years. My first trip to Kansas City was a disappointing one, with the Fire losing to the Kansas City Wizards in the final of the U.S. Open Cup in 2004.
Since then, the Kansas franchise has a new name and a soccer specific stadium. You can no longer play the count the crowd game that we often did when the Wizards played at Arrowhead Stadium.
- DOWNLOAD: 2014 Home Regular Season Schedule (PDF)
Most fans travel to this game by bus thus skipping the "delights" of downtown Kansas City and the bus ride does offer one cool treat – a visit to the world's largest truck stop in Iowa.
Though SKC are not really a Fire rival (despite efforts made by the KC front office to make it into something bigger) there is certainly a dislike between the players and fans on both sides.
With the October 11 game coming so late in the season, it may be a pivotal one in terms of Playoff positioning.
Week 23 – Toronto away – Saturday, August 23
By far my favorite MLS city to travel to is Toronto. It's roughly the same distance from Chicago as Kansas City and again many fans travel to Canada on supporter's buses.
Each visit, Fire fans shack up at a great hostel where we run into soccer fans from all over the world. Toronto itself is a great city aside from the prohibitive drinking laws on weekends (who doesn't want to have a pint at 10am while watching the Premier League the next morning?).
BMO Field is located right on the shores of Lake Ontario and is thus left exposed and is often windy and chilly but the warm pies served at some of the concessions stands are an excellent halftime treat.
On the field, the Fire have had some good success against a TFC team that has languished near the bottom of the MLS table since starting in 2007. Thankfully, this match is on a Saturday in August so I expect a much larger contingent of Fire fans to attend.
Stephen Piggott is a contributor to Chicago-Fire.com. Follow him on Twitter @Irish_Steve.
It comes as little surprise, just a day after being named one of three finalists for the MLS Most Valuable Player award, gathered another important accolade Thursday as he was vote Section 8 Chicago's Supporters Player of the Year.
The award comes on the heels of Magee already taking the Club's Most Valuable Player and Golden Boot award just prior to the end of the 2013 regular season.
Mike will be on hand Saturday at A.J. Hudson's Public House (3801 N. Ashland) to receive his award and check for $1,500 to donate to the charity of his choice. The event begins at 6pm CT with the ceremony taking place at halftime of the MLS Eastern Conference Final Leg 2 between Sporting KC and Houston Dynamo.
See you there!
In this business when you swear you won't use your laptop for a day, often times you miss something. Such was the case for yours truly Friday as I took a much-needed day off following 10 months of non-stop career work...
So the story goes, I missed what seems to be a pretty clear, if not indirect endorsement of Mike Magee for MVP from a former teammate and probably the greatest American soccer player of all-time, Landon Donovan.
It came in an article from Scott French on MLSsoccer.com where the veteran So-Cal writer spoke with Robbie Rogers about the trade that saw his rights traded to LA in exchange for Magee to come to Chicago.
While the article centered mainly on Rogers adjustment to LA, Donovan, who is teammates with another potential MLS MVP candidate in Robbie Keane, had this to say of his Magee's exploits this season in Chicago:
"Would we like Mike Magee here? Yes," he said. "I think any team wants the MVP of the league on their team, so, yeah, we would like Mike here. But the reality is Mike's not here, and we're all happy for Mike, and there's no guarantee those things [Magee achieved in Chicago] would have happened had Mike stayed here."
If you know Magee, he'd traded the chance to still be playing for any individual accolade but it does seem we should add Landon to the list of MLSsoccer.com editors, Washington Post reporter Steven Goff and Soccer America's Ridge Mahoney on #MikeMageeMVP endorsements.


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Warning: the bodice is very short. I made a quick muslin of the top, and ultimately added 1 1/4". I also added 3" to the length so that I wasn't married to the super-short length at the end.
Other than those changes, the dress was easy to make, even the ruffles (they are self-lined, instead of finished with a narrow hem).
The entire inside, except the waistband, is finished with french seams - including the bust dart. Here's the pattern piece, and the finished dart.
I probably won't make this again. It's a really cute dress, but the gathering is a little poufy. It's more pronounced than on the pattern envelope, and this is a really lightweight material.
Regardless, I think it will be a great alternative to shorts on those 90 degree days that just seem so far away right now...
We're headed to Spain tomorrow for 10 days of sightseeing and jamon-eating (and perhaps some fabric shopping: a reader suggested Ribes & Casals in Madrid. Thanks!) See you back here in a few weeks!


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Manufacturer flex ratings are not exact, industry-standardized values. Nor can this guide be an exact assessment of them, but it should give you an idea of the relationship among flexes. In the end, you'll do your own flex tests, remembering that in a warm ski shop you should be able to squat downward, flexing the boot forward without being thrust too far to the rear.
Flex ratings, from stiffest to softest:
150–140 Ridiculously stiff. For elite male racers.
DENVER, CO - Oct. 2, 2008 - The best bargains on last year's equipment, the hottest styles for this year, the last chance to get early season lift ticket prices, explosive entertainment, intense competitions, and plenty of giveaways are the key ingredients at the 17th Annual COLORADO SKI & SNOWBOARD EXPO Nov. 7-9, 2008.
Stuff We Like (p. 42)
The newest and coolest gear for this season, picked out by our peeps at SKI Magazine. >>>Read Now
Jet-Setters (p. 44)
Private jets as a means of getting to the hill are becoming more popular every year, thanks to decreasing prices and ease of travel. >>>Read Now
Fuel for the Hill (p. 48)
A growing number of boutique ski manufacturers are giving skiers exactly what they want: individuality.
Not that it ever disappeared from skiers' minds, but years of benign neglect did take their toll on western Maine's Sunday River. One of the state's largest ski areas, Sunday River has long suffered from a lack of capital. Which explains why locals are thrilled by new owner Boyne USA's renewed dedication to snowmaking and grooming, the promise of new lifts and hints at expansion.
A World Cup tech offers elite-level gear and bootfitting in Vermont.
A magical combination of high-desert-borne powder and loyal skiers collide in this western Colorado canyon resort.
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Go to skiingmag.com
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Copyright © 2015 Cruz Bay Publishing, Inc. an Active Interest Media Company.


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North Face
RDT 300 Vest (Men's) (out-of-stock)
Out of Stock Product Number: 38230
A midweight, rapid-drying fleece vest designed to be worn alone or layered on active adventures in colder weather. Features The North Face FlashDry technology, which works with your body to improve dry time.
* This product does not qualify for shipping to all countries.
Zip-in-compatible integration with complementing garments from The North Face / Two secure hand pockets / Hem cinch-cord
Gender: Men's
Weight: 380 g (13.40 oz)
Material: RDT 300 fleece with FlashDry
Fit: Center Back: 28"
Season: F13
Vendor ProductId: A0FJ
Review ProductId: 38230


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I have an IBM Bladecenter HS21 with 3 blade servers. All 3 blade servers were initially installed with RedHat Linux 4. I then installed ixMOS on one of the blade servers, and Mandriva Linux was also installed (over RedHat) automatically along with ixMOS.
Now, I have some network problems. The other 2 servers with RedHat can ping each other, but it appears that the server with ixMOS/Mandriva Linux is isolated, that is, I can't ping the other 2 servers from it, and I can't ping it from the other 2 servers.
Does anyone have any ideas on what is wrong and how I can solve this problem? One more thing, my installation of Mandriva Linux has no GUI, so I have to do everything using the command line interface.
Thank you.


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Few things are more inviting than our Mongolian Lamb Pillow Covers. Their softness and warmth offer pure comfort. Arrange a few together to create the most sought-after seating in the house.
• 12"w x 16"l.
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• Accommodates a 12"w x 16"l Pillow Insert (sold separately).
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• Select items are online/catalog only.


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WILLIAMSVILLE, N.Y.- With her senior season about to start, Carissima Cutrona already has a huge weight lifted off her shoulders. Her future is set at Colgate University where she'll play Division I women's soccer.
After the long two year recruiting process, Cutrona narrowed her choices down to about four. Among her top four were Colgate, West Virginia, Penn State and Syracuse. But in the end, it was Colgate that got her decision. "I'm really excited about Colgate, I committed at the end of May. It was a long process but as soon as I stepped on the campus at Colgate I knew that's where I wanted to go for the next four years," Cutrona said.
For Cutrona, Colgate was a no brainer. Every aspect of the college grabbed her attention and excitement. "I really like everything about Colgate from the minute I stepped on campus, the atmosphere, the distance away from home, the soccer program is up and coming, the coaches are great and the academics are also wonderful," Cutrona explained.
It's no surprise Carissima grew up playing soccer, it's a sport that runs in her family. Ever since she was little, she knew soccer would be her passion. 'Two of my older sisters played soccer and my mom would always drag me to the soccer games along with her and we would be watching them on the sidelines and I remember just watching them thinking it's such a cool sport I hope I get a chance to play it. Then I started playing when I was five in the Amherst House League then when I was older I got into the travel leagues and it just kind of went from there," Cutrona pointed out.
For the past four years, Carissima has played on the varsity squad at Williamsville South High School. Ever since she was in 8th grade, Carissima has made All Western New York Honors. Her first season on varsity, she made the All WNY second team. Then every season since, she made the All WNY first team. At the end of her junior season, she earned All American honors.
During her four seasons on varsity, she's scored at least 20 goals every season. Last year, she racked up 37 total, a team high. But her favorite kinds of goals are the ones that come when needed most. "I'm a player that loves the pressure filled situations. I thrive off of that pressure and I love that my teammates when a goal's need they can look at me and they can trust me to get the job done," Cutrona said.
Scoring in big time situations isn't always for everyone. It takes a certain type of player to take on that role, someone who can take charge of a game. But Carissima has had a lot of guidance to acquire these skills."I would say I've always been a leader but I've had great coaching and great leaders that came before me that have taught me pretty much everything I know so I owe a lot of that to them," Cutrona explained.
Possessing those leadership skills doesn't always come naturally. Carissima says it's something you have to work at every game. "I would say there's a lot of responsibility in it, it's kind of a mindset that you have to go in just wanting the ball and wanting that pressure on you and I thrive off of that," Cutrona said.
Even though her college is all picked out, Carissima still has goals for her senior season. The ultimate goal is for Williamsville South to win a New York State championship. She told Two On Your Side's Stu Boyar "I would say there's definitely some unfinished business. We want to be State Champion and we want to bring home the championship to Will South."


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DEXTER School officials say the threat of fiscal and educational insolvency at General Brown Central School District is greater, now that the board-adopted budget of $21,096,729 was defeated Tuesday.
While the budget gained a 806-580 plurality, it fell 26 votes short of the 832 it would have needed to gain a needed 60 percent margin. Board members will decide Wednesday how they want to proceed. Options include putting the same budget up for a second vote in June, putting a revised budget up for vote in June, or immediately adopting a contingency budget. Under a contingency budget, a districts tax levy cannot be greater than the current tax levy of $6,384,854. That means more staff and/or program cuts are likely.
The fact General Brown spends the second least per pupil in the state exacerbates why we face this fiscal insolvency issue, said Stephan J. Vigliotti Sr., outgoing district superintendent who willmove into the same role at St. :awrence Central on July 1.
Although he had blamed the board for depleting the districts fund balance, he said Wednesday the real issue is with the state. The district has been hurt by the loss of more than $6 million alone through the gap elimination adjustment.
If 26 people had changed their no vote to a yes vote Tuesday, the Board of Education wouldnt have to ponder how to move past its defeated budget. An approved budget would have required a vote of at least 60 percent or more of voters because the tax levy increase was greater than the districts 5.38 percent state tax cap. The proposed tax levy increase was 9.9 percent.
Mr. Vigliotti said the district has aggressively pursued changing the state aid formula to bring more money to the rural area.
Its certainly something weve worked on here for the past five years, he said. Its all individual because each school districts story is different.
He said a financial consultant has worked with the board for four years, and for anyone who says, Whats happened? thats just disingenuous.
Assemblywoman Addie J. Russell, D-Theresa, said she continues to work toward reallocation of state funds to rural schools from wealthier districts downstate.
I work with a pretty strong coalition, and at this point theres still $1 billion in cuts that havent been restored. Im certainly hoping in the next two to three years we can restore those cuts.
Meanwhile, state Sen. Patricia A. Ritchie, R-Heuvelton, said its extremely important to her to hear feedback from district staff and residents. She, too, would like to see a more fair distribution of state aid to rural school districts, including General Brown.
Mr. Vigliotti said its been about four or five years since a General Brown budget has been defeated.
Board members will meet at 6 p.m. Wednesday at the junior-senior high school, 17643 Cemetery Road, to discuss their course of action.
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Articles by Michael Oh
Come Be a Nobody for Christ
Tell the students to give up their small ambitions and come eastward to preach the gospel of Christ. — Francis Xavier
Many people leave college with the goal to "be somebody." And this usually means getting a good job, making…Continue Reading
The Danger of "Fruitfulness" Without Purity
As I sift through a mountain of emails, I've learned to quickly dismiss forwarded "junk mail," even if it's from people I consider friends. At the same time I learn to recognize which email "clicks" might actually reap spiritual blessing…Continue Reading
An Everyday Burden for Japan's Everyday Tragedy
The Everyday Tragedy in Japan
Thank you for your prayers and concern for Japan in the aftermath of what has been described as the greatest challenge that Japan has faced since World War II.
We mourn those who have lost…Continue Reading
Despite Us, God Works
Spring Break 1990 in Daytona Beach, Florida
I was a freshman at the University of Pennsylvania.
If it had been one year earlier I would have been at Daytona Beach to join in the partying. As it was, God had…Continue Reading
The Glory of God's Plan B (Part 3): Like Living Through a Korean Drama
This is the third and final part of Michael Oh's article, "The Glory of God's Plan B." Read Part 1 and Part 2.
Our final payment is due on February 28th. We hope to have repairs and renovations completed…Continue Reading
The Glory of God's Plan B (Part 2): God Prepares and Provides
This post continues where Michael left off in Part 1.
First of all, God provided advocates. In addition to our faithful core of supporting churches and individuals who have stood by our side for the past seven years…Continue Reading
The Glory of God's Plan B (Part 1): Seeking a Safe Place in Japan
In August I was enjoying a visit with John Piper (@johnpiper) at the Desiring God offices in Minnesota. It was a chance to get counsel from him about some things that the Lord had been teaching me and…Continue Reading
The Grace of God in Our Circumstances
Why You Weren't Born As an Impoverished Child in an Unreached Nation
Have you ever thought about why you were born into your particular circumstances? If you are reading this blog entry you are most likely a Christian whose life…Continue Reading
Weeping for North Korea
Tonight for the first time in my life I wept for North Korea.
On the second night of the Third Lausanne Congress taking place in Cape Town, South Africa, an 18 year-old girl from North Korea shared her story.
She…Continue Reading


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I personally don't see any weaknesses except general weaknesses that are associated with Linux in general. It does have some strengths that I'll enumerate quickly though.
1. It has commercial backing. Any open source project will more often than not be better off with commercial backing and in the long run. When there is monetary value to lose, there is an incentive to keep it high quality and to keep developing it.
2. It is based off Debian. This in itself has many advantages. It brings in the strength and power of Debian, but gives it slight touch for the better. It is NOT Debian though. So while it may utilize Debian tools like apt-get, it does not suffer from Debian's overly long development cycles. The software is more up to date. You are basically running a stable and supported Debian Sid distro.
3. Community, forums, user-help. Ubuntu has done a great job with it's users and community.
That is it for now out of the top of my head.


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The tragic shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Connecticut on December 14 has proven to be a reference point for opponents of the Second Amendment to propose anti-gun legislation once again. However, reports from the Federal Bureau of Investigation indicate that the focus on semi-automatic rifles is misguided. In fact, according to the FBI, more hammers, clubs, and other blunt objects are involved in murders than rifles or shotguns.
In 2011, 323 murders were committed with a rifle and 356 with a shotgun, while a staggering 496 were committed with hammers and clubs.
Furthermore, from 2005 to 2011, more people in the United States were killed with blunt objects such as hammers and clubs, or with hands and fists, than with rifles. In many of those years, twice as many people were killed with hands and fists than with rifles.
In 2006, there were 618 murders committed with a hammer or club, while 438 murders were committed with a rifle. In 2005, 445 murders were committed with a rifle while 605 by hammers and clubs.
Also in 2011, 1,694 people were killed by "knives or cutting instruments," far more than rifles and shotguns combined.
The FBI does add, however, that the "murder by rifle" statistic could be increased slightly because non-categorized types of guns are not taken into account. However, the overall data still shows that a significant number of people are being killed by hammers, clubs, and knives — and that those instances of murder continue to go up each year.
Click here to read the entire article.


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With this special offer, see two popular headliners in Las Vegas for $10 each. The available shows are "Nathan Burton Comedy Magic" at Saxe Theater inside the Miracle Mile Shops at Planet Hollywood and "Comedy in Action" star Jeff Civillico at The Quad (formerly the Imperial Palace).
"Nathan Burton Comedy Magic" is filled with "outstanding illusions and comedy," according to the Los Angeles Times. Save $42 per ticket for shows at Saxe Theater, Tuesdays-Sundays at 4 p.m.
"Jeff Civillico: Comedy in Action" is in the top 25 on TripAdvisor out of more than 520 attractions in Las Vegas. A world champion juggler and entertainment star, he combines physical humor, stunts and juggling with fun audience interaction. Shows at the Imperial Palace are every day except Tuesday and Friday at 2 p.m. and are regularly $38.
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LOUISVILLE Frank R. Tassie, 55, of 588 County Route 39, was charged by state police with criminal possession of a controlled substance Friday morning.
Police said following a traffic stop, Mr. Tassie was found to be in possession of Suboxone.
He is scheduled to appear in Louisville Town Court.
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12 U.S. Code § 5519 - Exclusion for auto dealers
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(a) Sale, servicing, and leasing of motor vehicles excluded
Except as permitted in subsection (b), the Bureau may not exercise any rulemaking, supervisory, enforcement or any other authority, including any authority to order assessments, over a motor vehicle dealer that is predominantly engaged in the sale and servicing of motor vehicles, the leasing and servicing of motor vehicles, or both.
(b) Certain functions excepted
Subsection (a) shall not apply to any person, to the extent that such person—
(1) provides consumers with any services related to residential or commercial mortgages or self-financing transactions involving real property;
(2) operates a line of business—
(c) Preservation of authorities of other agencies
Except as provided in subsections (b) and (d), nothing in this title, [1] including subtitle F, shall be construed as modifying, limiting, or superseding the operation of any provision of Federal law, or otherwise affecting the authority of the Board of Governors, the Federal Trade Commission, or any other Federal agency, with respect to a person described in subsection (a).
(d) Federal Trade Commission authority
(e) Coordination with Office of Service Member Affairs
The Board of Governors and the Federal Trade Commission shall coordinate with the Office of Service Member Affairs, to ensure that—
(1) service members and their families are educated and empowered to make better informed decisions regarding consumer financial products and services offered by motor vehicle dealers, with a focus on motor vehicle dealers in the proximity of military installations; and
(f) Definitions
For purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) Motor vehicle
The term "motor vehicle" means—
(A) any self-propelled vehicle designed for transporting persons or property on a street, highway, or other road;
(D) motor homes, recreational vehicle trailers, and slide-in campers, as those terms are defined in sections 571.3 and 575.103 (d) of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor thereto; and
(2) Motor vehicle dealer
The term "motor vehicle dealer" means any person or resident in the United States, or any territory of the United States, who—
(A) is licensed by a State, a territory of the United States, or the District of Columbia to engage in the sale of motor vehicles; and
[1] See References in Text note below.
[2] So in original. The period probably should be a comma.
Source(Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1029,July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2004.)
References in Text
This title, referred to in subsec. (c), is title X of Pub. L. 111–203, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1955, known as the Consumer Financial Protection Act of 2010, which enacted this subchapter and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of title X to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.
Subtitle F, referred to in subsec. (c), is subtitle F (§§ 1061–1067) of title X of Pub. L. 111–203, July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2035, which is classified generally to part F (§ 5581 et seq.) of this subchapter. For complete classification of subtitle F to the Code, see Tables.
Effective Date
Section effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1029A ofPub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 5511 of this title.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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22 U.S. Code § 2516 - Use of foreign currencies
Source(Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 17,Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 623.)
References in Text
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original "this Act", meaning Pub. L. 87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, as amended, known as the Peace Corps Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2501 of this title and Tables.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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San Antonio Spurs v Charlotte Bobcats
Tony Parker of the San Antonio Spurs drives to the basket against the... News PhotoAdult,Basketball - NBA Pro,Charlotte - North Carolina,Charlotte Bobcats,Drive - Ball Sports,North Carolina - US State,San Antonio Spurs,Sport,Time Warner Cable Arena,Tony Parker,USA,Vertical,WNBA,Women,Women's BasketballPhotographer Scott CunninghamCollection: National Basketball Association 2012 NBAECHARLOTTE, NC - DECEMBER 8: Tony Parker #9 of the San Antonio Spurs drives to the basket against the Charlotte Bobcats at Time Warner Cable Arena on December 8, 2012 in Charlotte, North Carolina. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and/or using this Photograph, user is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. Mandatory Copyright Notice: Copyright 2012 NBAE. (Photo by Scott Cunningham/NBAE via Getty Images)


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Edward J. Howe
NORTON, MA - Edward J. Howe, 74, of Dean Street, Norton, died on Monday at his residence.
He was the husband of Carol M. (Perry) Howe.
Born in Pawtucket on March 29, 1937, he was a son of the late Joseph J. and Mary (McGill) Howe. Mr. Howe resided in Norton for the past 37 years having moved there from Attleboro.
He was employed as a meat cutter for the former Almacs Supermarket at various locations for several years until an injury ended his career in 1974.
While employed, Mr. Howe was a steward of the Teamster's Union.
In addition to his wife, he leaves four daughters: Patricia Bramwell and her husband, Gregg Bramwell, of Norton; Donna Farias and her husband, Frank Farias, of Pawtucket; Carla Vierkant and her husband, Frank Vierkant, of Attleboro and Michelle Douglass and her husband, Edward Douglass, of Norton; ten grandchildren: Becky Beaton, Brent and Brian Bramwell, Derrick and Matthew Cabral, Andrea Furtado, Melissa and Edward Vierkant and Rachel and Ashley Douglass; seven great grand- children; a brother: Donald Howe and his wife, Claire Howe, of Pascoag; two sisters: Jane Durand and her husband, Robert Durand, of Pawtucket and Cheryl Chandonnait and her husband, Richard Chandonnait, of North Carolina and several nieces, nephews, extended family members and dear friends.
Visitation on Saturday from 9:00 - 10:45 AM in the "Memorial Chapel" of the Dyer-Lake Funeral Home - the national historic Colonel Obed Robinson Home, 161 Commonwealth Avenue (exit 5 off I-95 N or S, go right at end of ramp, mile on left), Village of Attleboro Falls, North Attleboro.
Funeral service immediately following visitation at 11:00 AM in the "Memorial Chapel" of the Dyer-Lake Funeral Home.
Burial will follow in Walnut Hill Cemetery, Pawtucket.
In lieu of flowers, memorial donations may be made to the Dyer-Lake Charitable Foundation, Inc., a registered 501 (c) 3 organization, 161 Commonwealth Avenue, North Attleboro, MA 02760 to benefit the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America or the Celiac Disease Foundation. Please specify which organization donations should be directed.
(508) 695-0200


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Welcome to Atomikos
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Buy Atomikos ExtremeTransactions Support Subscription PricingHelp us offer Atomikos TransactionsEssentials® for free (while only paying for the support you need)! We're a small company with no VC money to burn, so we try our best to offer a fair pricing model that is sustainable for both you and us. By purchasing from us, you get technical support, plus you help sustain our ongoing development efforts in order to provide the community with a premium open-source product in the first place. Without your ongoing business, none of this would be possible. Thanks in advance! (Guy Pardon, Co-Founder and CTO)


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An outstanding library is key to an outstanding university. At Case Western Reserve University, the Kelvin Smith Library is more than a passive resource. It gives our students a competitive advantage in the professional and research marketplace.
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There can be a link. Nausea and vomiting are common with migraine attacks. And in younger children, recurrent bouts of vomiting (cyclical vomiting), abdominal pain (abdominal migraine) or dizziness (benign paroxysmal vertigo) — referred to as childhood periodic syndromes — also are associated with migraines.
Although childhood periodic syndromes usually aren't accompanied by migraine head pain, they're considered a form of migraine. In many cases, childhood periodic syndromes evolve into more-typical migraines later in life.
Research has shown that people who regularly experience gastrointestinal symptoms — such as reflux, diarrhea, constipation and nausea — have a higher prevalence of headaches compared with those who do not.
These studies suggest that people who get frequent headaches may be predisposed to gastrointestinal problems. Digestive conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease, also may be linked to migraines. However, more research is needed to understand these connections.
If you experience nausea, vomiting or diarrhea with your headaches, talk to your doctor about treatment options. Treating the headache usually relieves gastrointestinal symptoms. However, in some cases, an anti-nausea or anti-diarrheal medication may be recommended. Keep in mind that some pain medications such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen (Aleve) may increase nausea.
Jerry W. Swanson, M.D.
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Tito Rodriguez
Back On The Streets Of Spanish Harlem
Various Artists
Back On The Streets Of Spanish Harlem
|I'll Be A Happy Man
|Return To Spanish Harlem
|Mr Skyjacker
|You're Moving Much Too Fast
|Willie Whopper
|Drum Poem
|Summertime Blues
|My Girl
|You Gotta Love Me
|Mucho Control
|It's Alright
|Sing A Simple Song
|Cucaraca Macara
|Soul Makossa
|Que Paso
In our two previous volumes of El Barrio, we provided an exciting introduction to the Latin music world of the late '60s and early '70s. It was a period of rapid political and economic change, a change that would often manifest itself through crisis. These exciting and sometimes frightening times generated many a leap forward in the arts. It was no different for a Latin world that was on the cusp of change between the crossover world of boogaloo and Latin soul and the pure salsa orthodoxy that would dominate the '70s. It is from this specific cultural moment that we love to discover hidden gems and dancefloor winners cherished by DJs and producers, exposing them to a wider audience.
We leave the pure salsa tracks to the parallel series of compilations New York City Salsa. What we have here is Latin music with an American twist - funk, soul or a touch of jazz.
Theoretically, we would be left with recordings made only in New York. This time, however, three of the tracks here were recorded in Puerto Rico.
The first one is by Roberto Roena and the Apollo Sound, culled from the Apollo Sound Vol. 1 LP. Roberto had been a member of both Cortijo's group and El Grand Combo, and he would become a core member of the Fania All Stars. His main orchestra was the Apollo Sound, which he formed in 1969. Recorded at Trans Recording Studio in Santurce, the band's first two albums were clearly heading in the direction of mainstream salsa. Still, the group favored a progressive aesthetic, with a horn lineup inspired by mainstream rock bands like Chicago and Blood, Sweat & Tears. It recorded covers of songs by the likes of Santana and, in this case, Sly and the Family Stone. The group was made up of some of the most forward thinking musicians in Puerto Rico - always at the top of their game.
Roena was also present when the Fania All Stars made their debut in San Juan in 1973 - n fact, Apollo Sound played two numbers in the middle of the Fania All Stars set. Tracks from that concert were used when compiling the two volumes of Live At The Yankee Stadium and also the Latin Soul Rock LP. The tapes were edited and overdubbed. Recently, we recovered and remixed them to sound as they would have that night. The first fruit of this effort is the version of "Soul Makossa" that we feature here - slightly longer than the previously released one, and with Larry Harlow's organ sounding more fully than ever before. Check out the guest appearance by the song's composer, Manu Dibango.
Our final Puerto Rican track is by Orquesta International, which recorded for the short lived Mavi label - a joint effort by Fania's Jerry Masucci and Rafael Viera, owner of Puerto Rico's legendary Viera Discos. You may recognize "Mucho Control" from the version recorded by Ismael Quiñones for the Vaya imprint. This is the original, and in my opinion, the better of the two versions.
The Fania All Stars appear for a second time under the guise of Harvey Averne's Barrio Band, with the Santana soundalike "Cucaraca Macaraca" from the Barrio Band's only LP on the Heavy Duty label. That imprint was another Fania joint venture - this time with Harvey, who would later go on to form the Coco label and win the first ever Latin Grammy for the Eddie Palmieri LP The Sun Of Latin Music. Averne had been a successful building contractor before he devoted himself to the Latin music business. In the early days, he had effectively ran Fania for Masucci and Pacheco, when they were both busy with other matters. His own recordings had more of a soul and rock based groove. He released his first album, a Fania Production, through Atlantic in 1967, launching two other albums and several singles before the Barrio Band release. Still, this wasn't his Fania swan song. In 1971, he started to record what would have been the third album by the sweet voiced Ralfi Pagán. Even though the project was not completed, a single was prepared featuring the awesome funk tune "It's Alright" - unreleased, except for a 45 rpm promo.
Central to this volume of El Barrio is the name of Bobby Marín - a Nuyorican who grew up in the Spanish Harlem wanting to sing like Frankie Lymon and spending too much time at the Apollo Theatre. His brother Richard was a producer for Decca and RCA. Inevitably, Bobby got into the game, making a number of fantastic records that filled dancefloors the world over. Two years ago, Christina Aguilera based her international pop hit "Ain't No Other Man" on a rhythm track based on Bobby's I'll Be A Happy Man" for the Latin Blues Band on the Speed label. Like other classic slices of New York funk, the groove was played by Bernard Purdie. Bobby also produced Tony Middleton and Bobby Matos on "Return To Spanish Harlem" - an amazing record that was based around a James Brown-styled groove. Bobby first worked with Middleton when he was recommended to sing "Spanish Maiden" on an album by Chuito and the Latin Uniques.
Bobby didn't make a lot of solo records. One of them was his only single for Speed: the fantastically rare "Your Moving Much Too Fast," a fine shing-a-ling groove that would command a lot of dollars from collectors - if only they knew about it. It would likely follow the fate of Richie and the PS 54 Schoolyard's "Hey Mr Skyjacker," which commands three figures after becoming a cult club item. The Richie in this case was Ricardo Marrero. The label, Rabo, was a short lived company owned by Bobby and Ralph Lew.
Bobby also worked with two of Latin music's biggest legends, writing songs for Tito Puente and filling in for Pete Bonnet on Ray Barretto's group. Both of these artists are present in this compilation. Even though he was responsible for some of the most incendiary Latin soul cuts ever recorded and was also a key salsa figure, Ray was also a serious jazz conga player, participating in a number of New York sessions in the early '60s before his own career exploded with the success of "El Watusi." On numerous occasions throughout his career, he would prove his improvisational skills. "Drum Song" was originally an eight-minute percussion and poetry workout outlining the importance of the drummer.
The Puente track included here is a jazz-funk piece that verges on disco. Puente's many talents are further highlighted by his production work on Quetcy De Alma's London club favorite "Deep," a tune that is far from typical but would sit well alongside La Lupe's "Fever."
Only a brave man could have predicted that Willie Colón and Héctor Lavoe would become the biggest salsa stars of the '70s when Fania released their debut album in 1967. The 17 year-old Colón and his band were thought to be kids playing a man's game - they were criticized for being "not proper musicians." They ended up having the last laugh, of course, but even this first album was a joy to listen to - including the hit boogaloo "Willie Whopper."
The final three cuts are from George Goldner's Cotique label. Goldner was a legendary figure in the New York record biz, running a series of labels starting with Tico in the late '50s, working with Roulette, End, Gone, Red Bird and ending with Cotique. He was great at discovering talent, but had a weakness for the race track that caused him the loss or bankruptcy of all those labels - he held on to Cotique probably because he died in 1970, before things could go wrong. Cotique found George returning to his Latin roots and discovering new talent while the boogaloo boom was in full swing.
Johnny Colón kick-started this wave with "The Boogaloo Blues," and then made some fine LPs in a similar vein such as Boogaloo 67, from where "Got to Love You" is taken.
The Lebrón Brothers had a long and illustrious salsa career ahead of them, but their first few years owed plenty to the vocal tradition of doo-wop. The sumptuous "Summertime Blues" is a perfect example of this tendency, and would have taken Goldner back to the late '50s, when his labels were leading exponents of the doo-wop sound. "My Girl" comes from a similar place, though maybe with a more contemporary big-city soul sound. It was one of several Joey Pastrana tracks that followed this route - all of them stunning.
Liner notes written by Dean Rudland.
During the heyday of the boogaloo and shing-a-ling era, Fania released an album titled Bad Breath by Bobby Valentín, who at the time was a trumpet player. It was Valentín's third album, following his debut with El Mensajero, which he recorded for Fonseca Records, and the 1966 release of his first Fania LP, Young Man With A... Valentín, who formed his own orchestra after playing and recording with Joe Quijano, Tito Rodríguez, Willie Rosario and Charlie Palmieri, was the third artist recruited by Fania Records, following the releases of Johnny Pacheco's debut and the LP Heavy Smokin by Orchestra Harlow. In 1967, Valentín was still living in New York. Even though he tried to adapt his orchestra to the boogaloo style that reigned supreme at the time with tracks like "Bad Breath" and "Love Me So," the experiment was a commercial failure. Dancers preferred the hit singles by pianist Pete Rodríguez, the genius responsible for gems such as "I Like It Like That" and "Micaela." And yet, Valentín showcased his talent as an arranger from the very beginning of his career. In 1967, his band was made up of Cookie Mattero on sax, trombonist Glen John Miller, John Rivera on bass, Joe Torres on piano, Fred Pagani on timbales, Jimmy Maeylen on congas and George Del on bongos. All of them remained in New York when Bobby moved to Puerto Rico in 1969. The combination of tenor sax, trumpet and trombone created harmonies that echoed the aesthetic of the big orchestras led by masters like Tito Puente, Machito and Tito Rodríguez - in fact, Valentín has covered songs from their repertoire throughout his career. His knack for fusing a variety of rhythms and styles within a few bars of music is evident on the arrangement of "Tú Eres Mi Coco," which combines a guaguancó beat with cha cha cha and mambo. His weakness for jazz is shown on the self-penned "Zip Zap," a fusion of descarga and instrumental salsa, with solos by timbalero Poppy Pagani, saxophonist Cookie Mattero and pianist Joe Torres. The lead singer on Valentín's first four albums (El Mensajero, Young Man With A..., Bad Breath and Arrebatarnos) was Marcelino "Junior" Morales, a competent sonero, guarachero and bolero crooner who unfortunately was underrated by the music industry. To this day, he has yet to receive the recognition that he deserves. If you pay attention to the quality of Morales' voice, his phrasing and the flavor with which he sings the montunos, you can tell that he had a big influence on Marvin Santiago. His guaguancó delivery on "Consuélate," "Changó Ta Bení" and "Barengue Manengue" are a good example of his artistic range. An expressive interpreter of boleros, Morales will be remembered for his gorgeous version of Bobby Collazo's classic "Tenía Que Ser Así." Junior had no problem tackling a number of Caribbean fusions like Joseíto Mateo's "Ritmo Merembe" and the son montuno "Que Mate." The interpretations are stunning in their swing and sense of technique, even though the lyrics are far from substantial. In 1967, salsa narratives were, for the most part, irrelevant affairs. That said, Junior Morales was an extraordinary singer, able to dominate the spotlight on Valentín's first four albums. Even though Bad Breath is not one of Valentín's most successful recordings, its reissue confirms Morales' talent, paying tribute to an artistic legacy that should not be ignored. Credits: Bobby Valentín – Leader, Trumpet Cookie Mattero – Tenor Sax Glen John Miller – Trombone John "Flaco" Rivera – Bass Joe Torres – Piano Fred "Poppy" Pagani – Timbales Jimmy Maeylen – Conga George "Chu" Del - Bongos Lead Singer – Marcelino "Junior" Morales Written by Jaime Torres Torres En la época de mayor efervescencia del bugaloo y el shin-aling el sello Fania editó el disco Bad Breath del entonces trompetista Bobby Valentín. Fue el tercer álbum de Valentín tras su debut con el lp El Mensajero que grabó con Fonseca Records y el lanzamiento en 1966 de su primer disco con Fania, Young Man With A... Bobby Valentín, quien organizó su orquesta después de tocar y grabar con Joe Quijano, Tito Rodríguez, Willie Rosario y Charlie Palmieri, fue el tercer talento reclutado por Fania Records, tras los primeros álbumes de Johnny Pacheco y el disco Heavy Smokin de la Orchestra Harlow. En 1967 Valentín aún residía en Nueva York y aunque a través de números como "Bad Breath" y "Love Me So" intentó atemperar el estilo de su orquesta a la moda del bugaloo, lo hizo sin resultados a su favor porque la atención del bailador y la afición se concentraba en las propuestas del pianista Pete Rodríguez, el genio creador de "I Like It Like That", "Micaela" y otros éxitos. Sin embargo, desde un principio Valentín impuso su talento como arreglista y orquestador. En 1967 su banda estuvo configurada por el saxofonista Cookie Mattero, el trombonista Glen John Miller, el bajista John Rivera, el pianista Joe Torres, el timbalero Fred Pagani, el conguero Jimmy Maeylen y el bongocero George Del, instrumentistas que permanecieron en la Ciudad de los Rascacielos cuando en 1969 Bobby decidió establecerse en Puerto Rico. Con la combinación de saxofón tenor, trombón y trompeta armonizaba al estilo de la sonoridad pesada de las grandes orquestas de Tito Puente, Machito y Tito Rodríguez, tanto así que a través de toda su trayectoria los éxitos de los Reyes del Mambo han sido recurrentes en su repertorio. Su facilidad para enlazar diversos ritmos y movimientos en pocos compases es evidente en su arreglo de "Tú eres mi coco", en que combina el guaguancó con el chachachá y el mambo. Su gusto por el jazz es obvio en su composición "Zip Zap", un cruce entre la salsa instrumental y la descarga, con solos del timbalero Poppy Pagani, del saxofonista Cookie Mattero y del pianista Joe Torres. El cantante de sus primeros cuatro discos (El Mensajero, Young Man With A..., Bad Breath y Arrebatarnos) fue Marcelino "Junior" Morales, un sonero, guarachero y bolerista muy competente que, lamentablemente, fue subestimado por la industria y aún en 2008 no ha recibido el reconocimiento póstumo que merece. Junior Morales, si analizan bien la tesitura de su voz, su fraseo y el sabor con que sonea en los montunos, desafiando la métrica, ejerció una fuerte influencia en Marvin Santiago. Sus interpretaciones de los guaguancós "Consuélate", "Changó ta beni" y "Barengue Manengue" son un buen ejemplo del temperamento rumbero de Junior Morales, a lo sumo un bolerista expresivo y muy sentimental que será recordado por interpretar una de las versiones más hermosas que se conocen del bolero "Tenía que ser así" de Bobby Collazo. Junior también abordó sin dificultad algunas fusiones caribeñas como el "Ritmo merembe" de Joseíto Mateo y el son montuno "Que mate". Interpretaciones ejemplares por su técnica y sentido de la clave, aunque sus letras e historias no son muy sustanciosas porque en 1967 la narrativa salsera versaba sobre asuntos no pocas veces irrelevantes. Sin embargo, Junior Morales debía ser un extraordinario cantante para cargar sobre sus hombros el peso del repertorio de los primeros cuatro discos de Bobby Valentín. Bad Breath es la confirmación de su talento inmenso y la reedición de este disco, a pesar de que no sobresale entre los más exitosos de Valentín, un oportuno tributo a su memoria. Creditos: Bobby Valentín – Lider, Trompeta Cookie Mattero – Saxofón Tenor Glen John Miller – Trombón John "Flaco" Rivera – Bajo Joe Torres – Piano Fred "Poppy" Pagani – Timbales Jimmy Maeylen – Conga George "Chu" Del - Bongó Cantante – Marcelino "Junior" Morales Productor – Jerry Masucci Director de Grabación – Johnny Pacheco Fotografía de la Portada Original – I. Elkin Dirección del Arte Original – Izzy Sanabria Escrito por Jaime Torres Torres
Roberto Faz y su Conjunto
|Baila Conmigo
|Orgullo y Altivez
|Sabor Dominante
|Cuando Tu Me Quieras
|El Pregón De La Montaña
|Quiereme y Veras
|Cositas Que Tiene Cuba
|Tu Mi Adoración
|Para Gozar, Cubita
|Señores Bailadores
Bailadores (Fania Original Remastered)
The Joe Cuba Sextet
Bailadores (Fania Original Remastered)
Cortijo Y Su Combo
|Alegria y Bomba
|Dejalo Que Suba
|Te Lo Voy a Contar
|El Satelite
|Huy Que Pote
|El Chivo de La Campana
|Con La Punta Del Pie Teresa
|Lo Deje Llorando
|A Bailar Mi Bomba
|Bailala Bien
|El Negro Bembón
|Lo Tuyo Es Crónico
La Sonora Matancera
|Las Muchachas
|Cuartito 22
|Me Siento Enamorado
|Yambu Pa' Gozar
|Que Linda
|Yo Quisiera Saber
|Mi Redencion
|Este Cha Cha Cha
|En El Bajio
|Un Poquito De Cariño
|Por Que Te Empeñas En Decir
Orquesta Riverside
|Cambia El Paso
|Bartola (Peso Sobre Peso)
|Capullito De Aleli
|El Agua Del Pon Pon
|Que Equivocacion
|Mambo En España
|Perico Cimarron
|Canuto Viejo Bruto
|El Kimbo
|Cuento De Hadas
Luis Kalaff Y Sus Alegres Dominicanos
Luis Kalaff Y Sus Alegres Dominicanos
Eddie Palmieri/Cal Tjader


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Modern Baby Co.
Baby Mobile
- Color:
- butterfly
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
- Adorable animal family modern hanging mobile
- Made from laser cut birch wood
- Perfect addition to any nursery, big kid's room or office decor.
- Three various sized shapes and clear thread included
- Minimal assembly required
- Largest size: 6" x 5"
Material: Wood
Brand: Modern Baby Co.
Origin: United States