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ORLEANS–Tyrah Urie had three goals and Tori Adams had the other as Lake Region (10-2) cruised to the 4-0 win over Winooski (2-9) on Tuesday afternoon.
While the win was nice, Ranger coach Brad Urie sees a trend forming with his team that has him concerned.
"We play poorly in the first half and then play pretty well in the second," said Urie. "If you look at our scoring, that is what we do. I don't know why we stay in such a funk, but hopefully we fix that before the end of the year."
Much like Urie said, the girls in white got off to a slow start against the Spartans.
Winooski actually had the first shot on net, which Jordyn Cowles turned away with ease.
Heading in the other direction, the Lady Rangers started to get things going.
Tyrah fed Drew Neal for a chance, but she couldn't square it up.
Neal, who along with Caitlyn Bernier, buzzed around the Spartan half of the field, creating chances, and being an all around thorn in the visitor's sides.
The only goal of the half came on a nice play involving a host of Rangers.
Haley Kennedy sent a through ball to Urie, who traveled up the left side of the pitch.
She crossed it to Megan Menard, who shifted to the right and put one on net.
The ball beat the goalie and was resting on the goal line when Tyrah came in for the easy score.
Urie was at it again minutes later, but sent her shot wide.
Bernier then fired what looked to be a top shelf tally, but it just missed the net, middle up.
Then it was Adams turn turn to come close, but again Lake Region wasn't able to finish and the score remained 1-0 going into the break.
In the second the Lady Rangers came out gunning, but Winooski keeper Michaela Metivier had a huge save on Urie.
She wasn't so lucky the next time.
Celeste Lussier send Tyrah up through the middle of the field and she went in one-on-one and beat Metivier low.
The Spartans nearly got within one, hitting the post behind Cowles, but the subsequent flurry in front was cut short by a Winooski hand ball.
The Spartans did not have an easy go of it Tuesday.
They had just eleven players suited up for the game, and the wear and tear eventually caught up to them.
"It is hard. They got tired, but they played hard and played with heart," said Winooski coach Amy Benson.
Adams then got a little redemption on a nifty play.
Urie chased down a loose ball to the goal line, turned and fed it to Tori.
Adams made tremendous use of a screen in front and blasted a low ball home to make it 3-0.
"We got a lot of good stuff out of Tori today," coach Urie said.
Tyrah closed the scoring on an individual effort.
Heading down the left side once again, she hesitated, looking for an outlet, then just decided to go with it and fired in goal number three for her on the day.
"I don't know what to say," said the coach. "She gets the ball in the right spot and she puts it in."
Cowles had five saves to earn her 7th shut-out of the season, and right now she is red hot in between the pipes.
"I was feeling really good today and I think we have been playing really good defense as a team," said Cowles.
And the secret to her winning ways?
"Just get dirty."
Fair enough.
The Lady Rangers are playing some strong soccer right now, but like the coach said, will need to tighten up their first half effort as they get closer to the start of play-offs.
The girls have today off before they get back to work, preparing for next Wednesday's battle with BFA Fairfax at home


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Vesper Dress
Style: 30456032
Inspired by the mod style of the 60s, we love the way Madeleine Fig's silk organza dress matches elegant crocheted lace with an unexpectedly minimal silhouette. Side zip. Keyhole nape. Silk organza trimmed with cotton; viscose, silk charmeuse lining. Dry clean. USA.
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- Falls 17.5" from natural waist
Contact a BHLDN Stylist for style advice, reassurance, second opinions

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The Villa Inn
1456 N. Delaware St.
Indianapolis Indiana 46202United States
(866) 626-8500
(317) 916-8500
Editor's Review
A lush spa is the highlight of this elaborate Italianate inn in Indianapolis
An imposing Florentine mansion marks the third turn-of-the-century home on the north side of Indianapolis that Jeneane Life has converted into an elegant B&B. Yet this destination hasn't quite hit its stride. The inn's lodging experience seems to a lower priority for management than either its comprehensive spa or its Hearth Room restaurant. The spa occupies the inn's lower level, part of its carriage house and its elegant ballroom (now home to a hair and nail salon). It offers a comprehensive range of treatments including massages, facials, body treatments and manicures/pedicures, all of which seem to cater to an upscale local clientele. The Hearth Room, too, has a solid local following, with an interesting menu, special events like wine-pairing dinners and plenty of accolades from the Indianapolis press. For inn guests, though, the breakfast can be disappointing--as in cold-in-the-center microwaved quiche and inattentive service. The building itself is a beauty. On a street lined with grand buildings, the Villa Inn stands out for its elaborate stonework, unusual trefoil windows and parapet roof detail. The embellishments continue inside, with ornate plasterwork, vaulted ceilings and hand-carved woodwork. Guest rooms are spacious and richly appointed, with oriental rugs, damask curtains and velvet throws. Posh and ornate is the style here, so innkeepers should pay better attention to little maintenance mishaps like patches of peeling paint and buckling wallpaper. With some service improvements, the Villa Inn has the potential to be a dreamy destination for B&B as well as spa fans.


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Together we can Restore the Shore.
As part of the effort to help rebuild Seaside Heights, New Jersey - the heart of the Jersey Shore, which was devastated by Hurricane Sandy - some of entertainment's biggest stars were part of MTV's "Restore the Shore,".
The cast of MTV's "Jersey Shore" - as well as stars from other top MTV shows including "Awkward," "Teen Wolf," "Teen Mom," "The Challenge," and "The Real World" - were live in MTV's Times Square studio, calling donors to thank them for giving. Stars contributing messages of support who will be featured on-air include One Direction, Mac Miller, Pharrell, Kim Kardashian, Ne-Yo, Bruno Mars, fun., the Jonas Brothers, All Time Low, Sean Kingston and many more.
"Restore the Shore" also featured live performances from Gym Class Heroes (with special guest Oh Land) performing the comeback anthem "The Fighter," as well as "American Idol" Season 11 winner Phillip Phillips performing his stirring hit "Home."
Do your part now. Donate $25 or more here and receive an exclusive MTV "Restore the Shore" song bundle, which includes 30 songs from the past six seasons of "Jersey Shore."
Or make a $10 donation by texting SHORE to 85944 (message and data rates will apply).
All funds raised will go to Architecture for Humanity, an internationally recognized non-profit that led rebuilding efforts in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina and in Haiti after the 2010 earthquake, which is now setting out to help rebuild the famed boardwalk, local businesses and homes in Seaside Heights ravaged by the storm.
We can. We will. Rebuild.


text:
PressPublic Group active 2 years, 7 months ago
Producing news and dealing with press inquiries.
New post from Twitter user occupylondon in the group Press : 3 years ago
News just in! – The occupied Friern Barnet Library is alive and kicking. Please support here > http://t.co/ZnPKKnES #occupy #barnet #


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- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
OPEN CONTAINER - POTSDAM - Kyle M. Schwarz, 22, of Saddle Brook, N.J., with an open container violation at 11:10 p.m. Friday after an officer observed him in possession of an open container of an alcoholic beverage while walking down Bay Street.
RED LIGHT - POTSDAM - Village police ticketed Ashley L. Tranello, 22, of Churchville for a red light violation at 11:56 a.m. Friday following a traffic stop on Leroy Street. Police said an officer observed Tranello pass through a red light on Elm Street.
FAKE ID - POTSDAM - Village police charged Amanda R. Marotta, 18, of Copiague with being a person under 21 obtaining alcohol through fraudulent means after she attempted to use a fake ID to purchase alcohol at an unidentified business in the village.
The Police Blotter
Friday, Oct. 4, 2013
0015 Traffic stop on Sandstone Drive. Verbal warning issued.
0033 Clarkson Security turned over drug paraphernalia for destruction.
0125 Traffic stop on Park Street. Verbal warning issued.
0134 Traffic stop on Clarkson Campus. Verbal warning issued.
0144 Traffic stop on Sandstone Drive. Verbal warning issued.
0233 Patrols responded to a burglar alarm at a local business.
0244 Received a report of a fight on Elm Street. Patrols responded.
0244 Assisted the Sheriffs Department looking for a vehicle.
0620 Received a report of an assault. Investigation continues.
0955 Report of a disabled vehicle at the intersection of Pierrepont and Bay Street.Patrol dispatched to assist.Martins Service Station contacted for removal of vehicle.
1144 Property lost: Subaru key.
1156 Patrol completed a traffic stop on Leroy Street after observing a vehicle fail to stop for a red traffic light east on Elm Street. Ticket issued.
1205 Reckless driving complaint received. Investigation continues.
1232 Equipment inspection completed.
1256 Patrols requested to respond to village court for a disorderly individual.
1311 Potsdam Rescue dispatched to a motor vehicle accident on state Route 310.
1328 Patrol dispatched to a property damage accident on Market Street.
1405 Patrols dispatched to a domestic incident.
1417 All parties entered Potsdam PD to report a property damage accident that occurred on Elm Street at Market.
1600 Patrol dispatched to Elm Street for a property damage accident.
1708 NYSP Canton requested a record check on a trooper applicant. Completed.
1758 Patrol dispatched to a local business for a fake ID. Arrest made.
1903 Report of a three-vehicle accident with personal injury on Market Street. Patrols and Potsdam Rescue dispatched.
2002 Patrols and Potsdam Fire responded to fire alarm activation at a business on Market Street.
2211 Received report of a vehicle being struck by eggs. Investigation continues.
2233 Received two reports of houses being struck by eggs. Investigation continues.
2310 Patrol observed subject in violation of open container ordinance. Ticket issued.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
You can continue on to this article in a few seconds, or you can visit one of our websites:


text:
Black Diamond
Trail Back Poles (out-of-stock)
Out of Stock Product Number: 30075
The no-frills, 3-section pole, the Black Diamond Trail Back Trekking Pole provides reliable stability and easy adjustment for any on-trail adventure. Dual FlickLocks provide total adjustability to suit the terrain at hand, and two kinds of baskets provide 4-season customization.
* This product does not qualify for shipping to all countries.
- Rubber grip with nylon webbing strap
- Double FlickLocks
- Long Flex Tips, low-profile Trekking Baskets and Powder Baskets
- Series : Approach
- Weight Per Pair : 564 g, 1 lb 4 oz
- Usable Length: 66.5-140 cm, 27-55 in
- Collapsed Length : 63 cm, 25 in
Gender: Unisex
Weight: 564 g, 1 lb 4 oz
Season: F13
Vendor ProductId: 112092
Review ProductId: 30075


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These range from the classic—deathmatch, team deathmatch, and capture the flag—to the crazy—chopper battles and a rugby game. There are also two different kinds of co-op: Survival—a timed version of horde mode where all waves must be defeated within ten minutes—and Mad Survival—where your team battles themed teams of the game's bosses under the same ten-minute limit.
No matter your taste, you are bound to find a multiplayer mode you enjoy.
Check out the video above to see some of the multiplayer modes in action.
Anarchy Reigns was released on July 5, 2012, for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in Japan and will be released outside of Japan in March of 2013.


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For Immediate Release
CONTACT: Marisa Vallbona 619-708-7990,firstname.lastname@example.com
Dear Suburbia Movie North American Tour Makes Stop at Hansen Surfboards Tues. Aug. 14 for Sunset Showing
ENCINITAS, Calif., Aug. 13, 2012 – The Dear Suburbia Movie North American Tour is making a stop at Hansen Surfboards Tuesday, Aug. 14 for a sunset showing in the parking lot. The tour, sponsored by Hurley, started at the beginning of this month and concludes at the end of this month in Montauk, NY.
Here is a link to the trailer: http://vimeo.com/46099389
Dear Suburbia is the latest release from Kai Neville. "An excursion into the absurd featuring: Dane Reynolds, John John Florence, Kolohe Andino, Yadin Nicol, Craig Anderson, Chippa Wilson, Dillon Perillo, Conner Coffin, Mitch Coleborn, Dion Agius, Evan Geiselman, Taj Burrow, Jack Freestone and Nate Tyler filmed on location in Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Europe, and the Caribbean."
The film includes exotic landscapes, high-performance surfing, suburban life, traveling the world with a surfboard, spontaneity versus routine, and modern life. Parental discretion is advised. Bring a chair and a blanket.
Founded in 1961, Hansen Surfboards is San Diego's largest surf shop. With more than 16,000 square feet of retail space, Hansen Surfboards offers something for everyone in the family. This year, Hansen Surfboards is celebrating 50 years of success as a single-store, family-owned and operated retail business. The family credits the San Diego community, surf legends and brands that have been a big part of its success.
To stay updated about Hansen Surfboards events and specials, join the Hansen Surfboards Facebook fan page at www.facebook.com/HansenSurfboards or visit www.hansensurf.com.Read More


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Good Charma
Set Of 3 Marbled Agate, Matte Black Onyx, & Pyrite Stretch Bracelets
- Color:
- black multi
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
- 3
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
Description: Set of three faceted black marbled agate, matte black onyx, and pyrite beaded stretch bracelets with white shell floral station and 22K yellow gold charm details
- 2¼ inches in diameter
- Entire set measures 2.2 inches wide
Material: 22K yellow gold vermeil, agate, onyx, pyrite, shell, and elastic
Brand: Good Charma
Origin: Imported


text:
UC San Diego is one of the world's preeminent centers for social science research. With your help, we can continue to provide leadership in addressing some of our most pressing social challenges. Your support can help us recruit and retain faculty, bring the best and brightest students to campus, or enable us to take advantage of unique, emerging opportunities.
You can make a gift in any of the following ways:
- Make your gift online via our secure online giving site. Just click on the "Give Now" button below and enter the CCIS fund number: ——.
- To make your gift by phone, please call Gift Processing at (858) 534-4493.
- To send a gift check, make your check payable to "UC San Diego Foundation" and write Center for Comparative Immigration Studies (or fund #——) on the memo line, then mail to:
UCSD Division of Social Sciences
Development Office
9500 Gilman Drive, #0502
La Jolla, CA 92093-0502


text:
- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
HAMMOND Town Council members will decide Wednesday whether to install a transfer station to make trash dispersal more convenient for residents.
St. Lawrence County Legislator Alex A. MacKinnon, R-Fowler, suggested last month that the town install a transfer station that would support the St. Lawrence County Solid Waste Department. The county operates transfer stations in Ogdensburg, Massena, Gouverneur and Star Lake.
A new transfer station would mean that Hammond residents would not have to travel nearly 20 miles to the closest stations, in Ogdensburg and Gouverneur, to get rid of their trash.
The costs would remain the same, but they would save money on gas, Mr. MacKinnon said.
The program would support local haulers and the countys recent $1 million investment for new equipment an over-the-road tractor, eight trailers, two stationary compactors, a recycling compactor, and a plow truck to haul heavier loads of garbage to the Development Authority of the North Countrys landfill in the Jefferson County town of Rodman, Mr. MacKinnon said.
But there still could be additional costs to taxpayers.
You have to have somebody there, town Highway Superintendent Donald H. Greene said.
Insurance costs also would be an issue, council member James C. Pitcher said.
The problem is policing it, Mr. MacKinnon said. There are a lot of ifs and maybes. Its just a concept whether you want something like that in the town. Its something people are talking about. Before anything could be done, there is a whole bunch of logistics to be done.
The council will meet at 7:15 p.m. Wednesday in the Hammond Free Library, 17 N. Main St.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
You can continue on to this article in a few seconds, or you can visit one of our websites:


text:
Returning Customers
If you are a registered user, please enter your ART portal username and password.
Awana Cubbies Handbook Bag
Item# 93659
Member Price [?]
Non-Member Price
- Sales Unit: each
- Material Type: Durable cotton/ poly blend.
- Dimensions: 15" x 11"
This convenient bag, featuring Cubbies artwork, is roomy enough to accommodate handbooks, take-home sheets and crafts. A space for each Cubbie's name prevents clubbers from picking up someone else's bag by mistake.
Durable cotton/poly blend.


text:
WASHINGTON, D.C. (WUSA) - 9News' Bruce Johnson reports that he has been told the D.C. Fire Chief will eliminate most ambulances from 1 a.m. until 7.a.m. Fire trucks are to cover the overnight shifts.
An announcement may be made on Tuesday, Bruce Johnson reports.
Chief Kenneth Ellerbe of the D.C. Fire Dept. spoke with Derek McGinty on Monday night about the coming changes. He said he believes the department is at full strength with paramedics, and "We are hiring people as quickly as we can."
He said the plan for change is not completed as yet. He said the union that represents the EMS is "enthusiastic."


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AUGUSTA, Maine (NEWS CENTER) - Maine legislators and the Governor are butting heads on some issues, but they may be working together on another: Cutting energy costs.
The Legislature's Energy Committee is trying to put the final pieces into place for a major energy bill, that both parties say could save Maine people and businesses hundreds of millions of dollars.
The plan is focused on bringing more natural gas to Maine, and also lowering the price of gas used to generate electricity.
Natural gas is less expensive than oil or other energy sources for heating homes and businesses. But the plan would also have the state get involved with construction of a new natural gas pipeline that would run from Pennsylvania to New England.
Under the proposal, Maine would basically contract to buy a certain amount of the gas once the pipeline is built. Supporters say utilities, other businesses and possibly other states would also contract to buy some of the gas.
Legislators on the Energy Committee say the pipeline would increase the supply of gas for New England power plants, and that would drive down the the price of gas and the cost of electricity.
Rep. John Cleveland (D-Auburn) says they estimate the new pipeline could cut electricity costs for Maine by $200 million per year. In addition, the energy bill proposes to expand funding for energy efficiency and conservation programs, and create a new loan pool for homeowners and businesses to convert to less expensive heating fuels.
The Governor's office is working with the legislators to develop the plan. If they can agree on all the details in the next few days, they hope to have the Energy Committee pass it by early next week, and then bring the plan up for votes in the House and Senate in early June.


text:
- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
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A hand-held recorder with 8GB internal memory, USB direct, stereo mic, and editing software.
The Olympus WS 520M Handheld Recorder is loaded with an impressive array of useful features. You can record and play back in MP3, WMA and PCM formats with sound quality that's as good as it is easy to use - no additional software required. The unique "USB Direct" design means you can connect it right to the USB port on your computer and download or transfer audio, music, photos and more. Just plug the recorder right into your computer for fast file transfer and to charge the battery - no cables needed.
Capture all the sounds you want with the built-in stereo microphone. Extend recording time and save memory by setting the device to only record when the microphones sense sound. Edit your files with Olympus Sonority sound editing software (included), which is compatible with PCs and MACs. Organize up to 200 files in each of 5 available folders for quick retrieval and storage convenience.
The bright LCD supports and displays 3 languages (EN/FR/ES). There's up to 21 hours of recording capability with the WS-520's long-life battery. Voice Activation makes automatic starting and stopping of the recorder an extra benefit that saves time and energy.
WS 520M Handheld Recorder
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Comments about Olympus WS 520M Handheld Recorder:
One of the reasons I bought this model was for the rechargeable battery. But after many different attempts and searching, I concluded the rechargeable battery was defective. The usb port slides out. It seems flimsy and is floppy when it is plugged into the computer. Is fairly easy to use once you get the hang of it and the sound is good.
Comments about Olympus WS 520M Handheld Recorder:
I record my band practices & performances with this and it does a great job. I record in "Dictation Mode". The built-in speaker won't sound good when you playback music, but with headphones, it sounds excellent. The recordings I've made with the Olympus 520 sound better than ones I made with a friends Zoom H2. It's a very good value & small enough to carry in your pocket.
Comments about Olympus WS 520M Handheld Recorder:
Purchased this recorder and tested it at practice... I was suprised by the decent sound quality. I must admit, my expectations were not high as this cost less than half the amount of most of the other available models. Wondering if I should invest in the stereo mic attachment to help with getting higher frequency range or improving the quality further... any advice?
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


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Le Pera Sorrento Seat For Harley Road/Electra Glide
Split the difference between extreme looks and extreme comfort. The Sorrento seat represents a middle ground between the super-low profile of the Silhouette and the wide, deep comfort of the Maverick.
Have a functionality, fit, or otherwise product-specific question about the Le Pera Sorrento Seat For Harley Road/Electra Glide 2002-2007? Ask it here! If you have a customer service or shipping question, please direct it to our Customer Service department.
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JAMESTOWN, NY - A former Jamestown Police officer is accused of official misconduct.
Eric Corey resigned earlier this year amid allegations of missing prescription painkillers from the City of Jamestown Police Department's evidence room.
Chautauqua County District Attorney David Foley told 2 On Your Side in September that the investigation started when an informant told the district attorney that the officer, who served as the department's evidence custodian, was attempting to buy Vicodin from him.
County officials say both Jamestown City Court judges recused themselves from the case and have applied to another court.


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By BEN JONESPrice
You know, I was just in a restaurant talking with a guy and realized that I need to be more thankful for where I am in life.
It wasn't too long ago about this time of year that I was lost both literally and spiritually, lying on a bench in Central Park in New York City thinking, "I really need to get back home and let everyone know I'm okay."
I've always had good family, good friends and haven't wanted for much of the necessities of life. When a person like me makes mistakes like I did, there was help and love available at no cost. The true friends and loving family were there to make sure that I knew they were there for me.
Speaking to this homeless guy has helped me realize that we all need help at sometime. None of us really ever do it all on our own. There's no such thing as a 'self made man.' I was fortunate to have great support to pick me up, dust me off and get me back on my feet. This guy I was speaking with seemed that he had no such help. He showed the signs of drug/alcohol abuse. Being a recovering alcoholic it wasn't really that hard to see the signs. Once we got to chatting and splitting the breakfast on the table, I realized just how thankful I needed to be for the events in my life that had led up to meeting this individual.
Don't get me wrong, I'm by no means a saint and still have a long way to go in many areas of my personal life. What I was able to realize and reflect upon through speaking with this individual I feel is very important, especially at this time of the year. Though we're all different, we're still human. Yeah, there are those that may seem heartless, cold or unfeeling/caring. So what? Is it up to me to stoop to their level anyway? Being thankful and showing it tells me "no." I can't let what others think, do or say be how I live my life. I need to be me; the good me. Yeah, a lot of people get themselves into problems, too, but we haven't walked in their shoes.
I agree that we need to be on our guard about the reality of the evils in the world. I used to think that this was a good way to just stay clear of problems. I'm finding that this type of thinking still owes itself action of helping out when we can. It doesn't have to be radical or great in anyway. This guy I spoke with seemed that he just needed a meal and was thankful for the company, even if only for a few minutes.
I've been told and believe the saying about giving a fish and teaching to fish but I can't hide behind it. Not being the type to invite anyone to my table, I'm glad I did this time. Whether we believe in fate, religion, karma or coincidence, whatever it is - there are times when we just need to look inside ourselves and assess where we are and what we can do better.
I'm thankful for many things. Today, I'm thankful for the guy that helped me realize how good I have it and how much more thankful I need to be.


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12 U.S. Code § 2606 - Exempted transactions
(a) In general
This chapter does not apply to credit transactions involving extensions of credit—
(b) Interpretation
In prescribing regulations under section 2617 (a) of this title, the Bureau shall ensure that, with respect to subsection (a) of this section, the exemption for credit transactions involving extensions of credit primarily for business, commercial, or agricultural purposes, as provided in subsection (a)(1) [1] of this section shall be the same as the exemption for such credit transactions under section 1603 (1) of title 15.
[1] See References in Text note below.
Source(Pub. L. 93–533, § 7, as added Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 312,Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2221; amended Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2103(b),Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–399; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1098(5),July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2104.)
References in Text
Subsection (a)(1) of this section, referred to in subsec. (b), was in the original "section 7(1) of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974", and was translated as referring to section 7(a)(1) of that Act to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
Prior Provisions
A prior section 2606,Pub. L. 93–533, § 7,Dec. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 1727, related to seller or his agent confirming that information concerning an existing residence was disclosed to buyer in writing before a commitment for a mortgage loan was made, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–205, § 6,Jan. 2, 1976, 89 Stat. 1158.
2010–Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–203substituted "Bureau" for "Secretary".
1996—Pub. L. 104–208designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
Effective Date of 2010 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203effective on the designated transfer date, see section 1100H ofPub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 552a of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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In computer operating systems, paging is one of the memory management schemes by which a computer stores and retrieves data from the secondary storage for use in main memory.[1] In the paging memory-management scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages. The main advantage of paging over memory segmentation is that it allows the physical address space of a process to be noncontiguous. Before paging came into use, systems had to fit whole programs or their whole segments into storage contiguously, which caused various storage and fragmentation problems.[2]
Paging is an important part of virtual memory implementation in most contemporary general-purpose operating systems, allowing them to use secondary storage[a] for data that does not fit into physical random-access memory (RAM).
- 1 Page faults
- 2 Page replacement techniques
- 3 Thrashing
- 4 Sharing
- 5 Terminology
- 6 Implementations
- 7 Performance
- 8 Reliability
- 9 Addressing limits on 32-bit hardware
- 10 See also
- 11 Notes
- 12 References
- 13 External links
Page faults[edit]
The main functions of paging are performed when a program tries to access pages that are not currently mapped to physical memory (RAM). This situation is known as a page fault. The operating system must then take control and handle the page fault, in a manner invisible to the program. Therefore, the operating system must:
- Determine the location of the data in secondary storage.
- Obtain an empty page frame in RAM to use as a container for the data.
- Load the requested data into the available page frame.
- Update the page table to refer to the new page frame.
- Return control to the program, transparently retrying the instruction that caused the page fault.
If there is not enough available RAM when obtaining an empty page frame, a page replacement algorithm is used to choose an existing page frame for eviction. If the evicted page frame has been dynamically allocated during execution of a program, or if it is part of a program's data segment and has been modified since it was read into RAM (in other words, if it has become "dirty"), it must be written out to a location in secondary storage before being freed. Otherwise, the contents of the page's frame in RAM are the same as the contents of the page in its secondary storage, so it does not need to be written out to secondary storage. If, at a later stage, a reference is made to that memory page, another page fault will occur and another empty page frame must be obtained so that the contents of the page in secondary storage can be again read into RAM.
Efficient paging systems must determine the page frame to empty by choosing one that is least likely to be needed within a short time. There are various page replacement algorithms that try to do this. Most operating systems use some approximation of the least recently used (LRU) page replacement algorithm (the LRU itself cannot be implemented on the current hardware) or a working set-based algorithm.
To further increase responsiveness, paging systems may employ various strategies to predict which pages will be needed soon. Such systems will attempt to load pages into main memory preemptively, before a program references them.
Page replacement techniques[edit]
- Demand paging
- When pure demand paging is used, page loading only occurs at the time of the data request, and not before. In particular, when demand paging is used, a program usually begins execution with none of its pages pre-loaded in RAM. Pages are copied from the executable file into RAM the first time the executing code references them, usually in response to page faults. As a consequence, pages of the executable file containing code not executed during a particular run will never be loaded into memory.
- Anticipatory paging
- This technique, sometimes also called "swap prefetch", preloads a process's non-resident pages that are likely to be referenced in the near future (taking advantage of locality of reference). Such strategies attempt to reduce the number of page faults a process experiences. Some of those strategies are "if a program references one virtual address which causes a page fault, perhaps the next few pages' worth of virtual address space will soon be used" and "if one big program just finished execution, leaving lots of free RAM, perhaps the user will return to using some of the programs that were recently paged out".
- Free page queue
- The free page queue is a list of page frames that are available for assignment after a page fault. Some operating systems[b] support page reclamation; if a page fault occurs for a page that had been stolen and the page frame was never reassigned, then the operating system avoids the necessity of reading the page back in by assigning the unmodified page frame.
- Page stealing
- Some operating systems periodically look for pages that have not been recently referenced and add them to the Free page queue, after paging them out if they have been modified.
- Pre-cleaning
- Unix operating systems periodically use sync to pre-clean all dirty pages, that is, to save all modified pages to hard disk. Windows operating systems do the same thing via "modified page writer" threads. Pre-cleaning makes starting a new program or opening a new data file much faster. The hard drive can immediately seek to that file and consecutively read the whole file into pre-cleaned page frames. Without pre-cleaning, the hard drive is forced to seek back and forth between writing a dirty page frame to disk, and then reading the next page of the file into that frame.
Most programs reach a steady state in their demand for memory locality both in terms of instructions fetched and data being accessed. This steady state is usually much less than the total memory required by the program. This steady state is sometimes referred to as the working set: the set of memory pages that are most frequently accessed.
Virtual memory systems work most efficiently when the ratio of the working set to the total number of pages that can be stored in RAM is low enough that the time spent resolving page faults is not a dominant factor in the workload's performance. A program that works with huge data structures will sometimes require a working set that is too large to be efficiently managed by the page system resulting in constant page faults that drastically slow down the system. This condition is referred to as thrashing: pages are swapped out and then accessed causing frequent faults.
An interesting characteristic of thrashing is that as the working set grows, there is very little increase in the number of faults until the critical point (when faults go up dramatically and the majority of the system's processing power is spent on handling them).
An extreme example of this sort of situation occurred on the IBM System/360 Model 67, and IBM System/370 through z/Architecture, mainframe computers. An execute instruction that crosses a page boundary could point to a move instruction that also crosses a page boundary, and the move instruction could move data from a source that crosses a page boundary to a target of data that also crosses a page boundary. The total number of pages thus being used by this particular instruction is eight, and all eight pages must be present in memory at the same time. If the operating system will allocate less than eight pages of actual memory in this example, when it attempts to swap out some part of the instruction or data to bring in the remainder, the instruction will again page fault, and it will thrash on every attempt to restart the failing instruction.
To decrease excessive paging, and thus possibly resolve thrashing problem, a user can do any of the following:
- Increase the amount of RAM in the computer (generally the best long-term solution).
- Decrease the number of programs being concurrently run on the computer.
The term thrashing is also used in contexts other than virtual memory systems, for example to describe cache issues in computing or silly window syndrome in networking.
In multi-programming or in multi-user environment it is common for many users to be executing the same program. If individual copies of these programs were given to each user, much of the primary storage would be wasted. The solution is to share those pages that can be shared.
Sharing must be carefully controlled to prevent one process from modifying data that another process is accessing. In most systems the shared programs are divided into separate pages i.e. coding and data are kept separate. This is achieved by having page map table entries of different processes point to the same page frame, that page frame is shared among those processes.
Historically, paging sometimes referred to a memory allocation scheme that used fixed-length pages as opposed to variable-length segments, without implicit suggestion that virtual memory techniques were employed at all or that those pages were transferred to disk.[3] [4] Such usage is rare today.
Some modern systems use the term swapping along with paging. Historically, swapping referred to moving from/to secondary storage a whole program at a time, in a scheme known as roll-in/roll-out. [5] [6] In the 1960s, after the concept of virtual memory was introduced—in two variants, either using segments or pages—the term swapping was applied to moving, respectively, either segments or pages, between secondary storage and memory. Today with the virtual memory mostly based on pages, not segments, swapping became a fairly close synonym of paging, although with one difference.[dubious ]
In systems that support memory-mapped files, when a page fault occurs, a page may be then transferred to or from any ordinary DASD file, not necessarily a dedicated space. Page in is transferring a page from secondary storage to RAM. Page out is transferring a page from RAM to secondary storage. Swap in and out only refer to transferring pages between RAM and dedicated swap space or swap file or scratch disk space, and not any other place on secondary storage.
On Windows NT based systems, dedicated swap space is known as a page file and paging/swapping are often used interchangeably.
Ferranti Atlas[edit]
The first computer to support paging was the Atlas,[7][8][9] jointly developed by Ferranti, the University of Manchester and Plessey. The machine had an associative (content-addressable) memory with one entry for each 512 word page. The Supervisor[10] handled non-equivalence interruptions[c] and managed the transfer of pages between core and drum in order to provide a one-level store[11] to programs.
Windows 3.x and Windows 9x[edit]
Paging has been a feature of Microsoft Windows since Windows 3.0 in 1990. Windows 3.x creates a hidden file named 386SPART.PAR or WIN386.SWP for use as a swap file. It is generally found in the root directory, but it may appear elsewhere (typically in the WINDOWS directory). Its size depends on how much swap space the system has (a setting selected by the user under Control Panel → Enhanced under "Virtual Memory"). If the user moves or deletes this file, a blue screen will appear the next time Windows is started, with the error message "The permanent swap file is corrupt". The user will be prompted to choose whether or not to delete the file (whether or not it exists).
Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me use a similar file, and the settings for it are located under Control Panel → System → Performance tab → Virtual Memory. Windows automatically sets the size of the page file to start at 1.5× the size of physical memory, and expand up to 3× physical memory if necessary. If a user runs memory-intensive applications on a system with low physical memory, it is preferable to manually set these sizes to a value higher than default.
Windows NT[edit]
The file used for paging in the Windows NT family is pagefile.sys. The default location of the page file is in the root directory of the partition where Windows is installed. Windows can be configured to use free space on any available drives for pagefiles. It is required, however, for the boot partition (i.e. the drive containing the Windows directory) to have a pagefile on it if the system is configured to write either kernel or full memory dumps after a Blue Screen of Death. Windows uses the paging file as temporary storage for the memory dump. When the system is rebooted, Windows copies the memory dump from the pagefile to a separate file and frees the space that was used in the pagefile.[12]
|This section is outdated. (July 2014)
In the default configuration of Windows, the pagefile is allowed to expand beyond its initial allocation when necessary. If this happens gradually, it can become heavily fragmented which can potentially cause performance problems.[13] The common advice given to avoid this is to set a single "locked" pagefile size so that Windows will not expand it. However, the pagefile only expands when it has been filled, which, in its default configuration, is 150% the total amount of physical memory.[14][not in citation given] Thus the total demand for pagefile-backed virtual memory must exceed 250% of the computer's physical memory before the pagefile will expand.
The fragmentation of the pagefile that occurs when it expands is temporary. As soon as the expanded regions are no longer in use (at the next reboot, if not sooner) the additional disk space allocations are freed and the pagefile is back to its original state.
Locking a pagefile size can be problematic if a Windows application requests more memory than the total size of physical memory and the pagefile, leading to failed requests to allocate memory that may cause applications and system processes to fail. Also, the pagefile is rarely read or written in sequential order, so the performance advantage of having a completely sequential page file is minimal. However, a large pagefile generally allows use of memory-heavy applications, with no penalties beside using more disk space. While a fragmented pagefile may not be an issue by itself, fragmentation of a variable size page file will over time create a number of fragmented blocks on the drive, causing other files to become fragmented. For this reason, a fixed-size contiguous pagefile is better, providing that the size allocated is large enough to accommodate the needs of all applications.
The required disk space may be easily allocated on systems with more recent specifications, i.e. a system with 3 GB of memory having a 6-gigabyte fixed-size pagefile on a 750 GB disk drive, or a system with 6 GB of memory and a 16 GB fixed-size pagefile and 2 TB of disk space. In both examples the system is using about 0.8% of the disk space with the pagefile pre-extended to its maximum.
Defragmenting the page file is also occasionally recommended to improve performance when a Windows system is chronically using much more memory than its total physical memory.[citation needed] This view ignores the fact that, aside from the temporary results of expansion, the pagefile does not become fragmented over time. In general, performance concerns related to pagefile access are much more effectively dealt with by adding more physical memory.
Unix and Unix-like systems[edit]
Unix systems, and other Unix-like operating systems, use the term "swap" to describe both the act of moving memory pages between RAM and disk, and the region of a disk the pages are stored on. In some of those systems, it is common to dedicate an entire partition of a hard disk to swapping. These partitions are called swap partitions. Many systems have an entire hard drive dedicated to swapping, separate from the data drive(s), containing only a swap partition. A hard drive dedicated to swapping is called a "swap drive" or a "scratch drive" or a "scratch disk". Some of those systems only support swapping to a swap partition; others also support swapping to files.
From the end-user perspective, swap files in versions 2.6.x and later of the Linux kernel are virtually as fast as swap partitions; the limitation is that swap files should be contiguously allocated on their underlying file systems. To increase performance of swap files, the kernel keeps a map of where they are placed on underlying devices and accesses them directly, thus bypassing the caching and avoiding the filesystem overhead.[15][16] However, Red Hat recommends swap partitions to be used.[17] When residing on HDDs, which are rotational magnetic media devices, one benefit of using swap partitions is the ability to place them on contiguous HDD areas that provide higher data throughput or faster seek time. However, the administrative flexibility of swap files can outweigh certain advantages of swap partitions. For example, a swap file can be placed on any mounted file system, can be set to any desired size, and can be added or changed as needed. Swap partitions, however, are not that flexible; for example, a swap partition cannot be enlarged without using partitioning or volume management tools, which introduce various complexities and potential downtimes.
The Linux kernel supports a virtually unlimited number of swap backends (devices or files), supporting at the same time assignment of backend priorities. When the kernel needs to swap pages out of physical memory, it uses the highest-priority backend with available free space. If multiple swap backends are assigned the same priority, they are used in a round-robin fashion (which is somewhat similar to RAID 0 storage layouts), providing improved performance as long as the underlying devices can be efficiently accessed in parallel.[18]
OS X[edit]
OS X uses multiple swap files. The default (and Apple-recommended) installation places them on the root partition, though it is possible to place them instead on a separate partition or device.[19]
Solaris allows swapping to raw disk slices as well as files. The traditional method is to use slice 1 (i.e. the second slice) on the OS disk to house swap. Swap setup is managed by the system boot process if there are entries in the "vfstab" file, but can also be managed manually through the use of the "swap" command. While it is possible to remove, at runtime, all swap from a lightly loaded system, Sun does not recommend it.[citation needed] Recent additions to the ZFS file system allow creation of ZFS devices that can be used as swap partitions. Swapping to normal files on ZFS file systems is not supported.[citation needed]
AmigaOS 4[edit]
AmigaOS 4.0 introduced a new system for allocating RAM and defragmenting physical memory. It still uses flat shared address space that cannot be defragmented. It is based on slab allocation method and paging memory that allows swapping. Paging was implemented in AmigaOS 4.1 but may lock up system if all physical memory is used up.[20] Swap memory could be activated and deactivated any moment allowing the user to choose to use only physical RAM.
The backing store for a virtual memory operating system is typically many orders of magnitude slower than RAM. Additionally, using mechanical storage devices introduces delay, several milliseconds for a hard disk. Therefore it is desirable to reduce or eliminate swapping, where practical. Some operating systems offer settings to influence the kernel's decisions.
- Linux offers the
/proc/sys/vm/swappinessparameter, which changes the balance between swapping out runtime memory, as opposed to dropping pages from the system page cache.
- Windows 2000, XP, and Vista offer the
DisablePagingExecutiveregistry setting, which controls whether kernel-mode code and data can be eligible for paging out.
- Mainframe computers frequently used head-per-track disk drives or drums for page and swap storage to eliminate seek time, and several technologies[21] to have multiple concurrent requests to the same device in order to reduce rotational latency.
- Flash memory has a finite number of erase-write cycles (see Limitations of flash memory), and the smallest amount of data that can be erased at once might be very large (128 KiB for an Intel X25-M SSD [22]), seldom coinciding with pagesize. Therefore, flash memory may wear out quickly if used as swap space under tight memory conditions. On the attractive side, flash memory is practically delayless compared to hard disks, and not volatile as RAM chips. Schemes like ReadyBoost and Intel Turbo Memory are made to exploit these characteristics.
Many Unix-like operating systems (for example AIX, Linux and Solaris) allow using multiple storage devices for swap space in parallel, to increase performance.
Swap space size[edit]
In some older virtual memory operating systems, space in swap backing store is reserved when programs allocate memory for runtime data. Operating system vendors typically issue guidelines about how much swap space should be allocated.
Swapping can decrease system reliability by some amount. If swapped data gets corrupted on the disk (or at any other location, or during transfer), the memory will also have incorrect contents after the data has later been returned.[citation needed]
Addressing limits on 32-bit hardware[edit]
Paging is one way of allowing the size of the addresses used by a process, which is the process's "virtual address space" or "logical address space", to be different from the amount of main memory actually installed on a particular computer, which is the physical address space.
Main memory smaller than virtual memory[edit]
In most systems, the size of a process's virtual address space is much larger than the available main memory.[23] The amount of physical main memory available is limited by the number of address bits on the address bus that connects the CPU to main memory. There might be fewer physical address bits than virtual address bits; for example, the i386SX CPU internally uses 32-bit virtual addresses but has only 24 pins connected to the address bus, limiting addressing to at most 16 MB of physical main memory. Even on systems that have the same or more physical address bits as virtual address bits, often the actual amount of physical main memory installed is much less than the size that can potentially be addressed, for financial reasons or because the hardware address map reserves large regions for I/O or other hardware features, so main memory cannot be placed in those regions.
Main memory the same size as virtual memory[edit]
It is not uncommon to find 32-bit computers with 4 GB of RAM, the maximum amount of RAM addressable unless the page table entry format supports physical addresses larger than 32 bits. For example, on 32-bit x86 processors, the Physical Address Extension (PAE) feature is required to access more than 4 GB of RAM. For some machines, e.g., the IBM S/370 in XA mode, the upper bit was not part of the address and only 2 GB could be addressed.
Paging and swap space can be used beyond this 4 GB limit, due to it being addressed in terms of disk locations rather than memory addresses.
While 32-bit programs on machines with linear address spaces will continue to be limited to the 4 GB they're capable of addressing, because they each exist in their own virtual address space, a group of programs can together grow beyond this limit.
On machines with segment registers, e.g., the access registers on an IBM System/370 in ESA mode,[24] the address space size is limited only by OS constraints, e.g., the need to fit the mapping tables into the available storage.
Main memory larger than virtual address space[edit]
A few computers have a main memory larger than the virtual address space of a process, such as the Magic-1,[23] some PDP-11 machines, and some systems using 32-bit x86 processors with Physical Address Extension. This nullifies a significant advantage of virtual memory, since a single process cannot use more main memory than the amount of its virtual address space. Such systems often use paging techniques to obtain secondary benefits:
- The "extra memory" can be used in the page cache to cache frequently used files and metadata, such as directory information, from secondary storage.
- If the processor and operating system support multiple virtual address spaces, the "extra memory" can be used to run more processes. Paging allows the cumulative total of virtual address spaces to exceed physical main memory.
- A process can mmap its data structures to main memory-backed files, such as files on the Linux tmpfs file system.
The size of the cumulative total of virtual address spaces is still limited by the amount of secondary storage available.
See also[edit]
|Wikisource has original text related to this article:
- Physical memory, a subject of paging
- Virtual memory, an abstraction that paging may create
- Demand paging, a "lazy" paging scheme
- Page cache, a disk cache that utilizes virtual memory mechanism
- Page replacement algorithm
- Memory segmentation
- Page size
- Page table
- Memory management
- Expanded memory
- ^ Arpaci-Dusseau, Remzi H.; Arpaci-Dusseau, Andrea C. (2014), Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces [Chapter: Paging] (PDF), Arpaci-Dusseau Books External link in
- ^ Belzer, Jack; Holzman, Albert G.; Kent, Allen, eds. (1981). "Virtual memory systems". Encyclopedia of computer science and technology 14. CRC Press. p. 32. ISBN 0-8247-2214-0.
- ^ Deitel, Harvey M. (1983). An Introduction to Operating Systems. Addison-Wesley. pp. 181, 187. ISBN 0-201-14473-5.
- ^ Belzer, Jack; Holzman, Albert G.; Kent, Allen, eds. (1981). "Operating systems". Encyclopedia of computer science and technology 11. CRC Press. p. 433. ISBN 0-8247-2261-2.
- ^ Belzer, Jack; Holzman, Albert G.; Kent, Allen, eds. (1981). "Operating systems". Encyclopedia of computer science and technology 11. CRC Press. p. 442. ISBN 0-8247-2261-2.
- ^ Cragon, Harvey G. (1996). Memory Systems and Pipelined Processors. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 109. ISBN 0-86720-474-5.
- ^ Sumner, F. H.; Haley, G.; Chenh, E. C. Y. (1962). "The Central Control Unit of the 'Atlas' Computer". Information Processing 1962. IFIP Congress Proceedings. Proceedings of IFIP Congress 62. Spartan.
- ^ "The Atlas". University of Manchester: Department of Computer Science.
- ^ "Atlas Architecture". Atlas Computer. Chilton: Atlas Computer Laboratory.
- ^ Kilburn, T.; Payne, R. B.; Howarth, D. J. (December 1961). "The Atlas Supervisor". Computers - Key to Total Systems Control. Conferences Proceedings. Volume 20, Proceedings of the Eastern Joint Computer Conference Washington, D.C. Macmillan. pp. 279–294.
- ^ Kilburn, T.; Edwards, D. B. G.; Lanigan, M. J.; Sumner, F. H. (April 1962). "One-Level Storage System". IRE Transactions Electronic Computers (Institute of Radio Engineers).
- ^ Tsigkogiannis, Ilias (December 11, 2006). "Crash Dump Analysis". driver writing != bus driving. Microsoft. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ "Windows Sysinternals PageDefrag". Sysinternals. Microsoft. November 1, 2006. Retrieved 2010-12-20.
- ^ "How to determine the appropriate page file size for 64-bit versions of Windows". Support (15.1 ed.). Microsoft. February 7, 2011. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
- ^ ""Jesper Juhl": Re: How to send a break? - dump from frozen 64bit linux". LKML. 2006-05-29. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
- ^ "Andrew Morton: Re: Swap partition vs swap file". LKML. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
- ^ Chapter 7. Swap Space - Red Hat Customer Portal "Swap space can be a dedicated swap partition (recommended), a swap file, or a combination of swap partitions and swap files."
- ^ "swapon(2) – Linux man page". linux.die.net. Retrieved 2014-09-08.
- ^ John Siracusa (October 15, 2001). "Mac OS X 10.1". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
- ^ AmigaOS Core Developer (2011-01-08). "Re: Swap issue also on Update 4 ?". Hyperion Entertainment. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
- ^ E.g., Rotational Position Sensing on a Block Multiplexor channel
- ^ "Aligning filesystems to an SSD's erase block size | Thoughts by Ted". Thunk.org. 2009-02-20. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
- ^ a b Bill Buzbee. "Magic-1 Minix Demand Paging Design". Retrieved December 9, 2013.
- ^ IBM System/370 Extended Architecture Principles of Operation. Second Edition. IBM. January 1987. SA22-7085-1.
External links[edit]
- Windows Server - Moving Pagefile to another partition or disk by David Nudelman
- How Virtual Memory Works from HowStuffWorks.com (in fact explains only swapping concept, and not virtual memory concept)
- Linux swap space management (outdated, as the author admits)
- Guide On Optimizing Virtual Memory Speed (outdated, and contradicts section 1.4 of this wiki page, and (at least) references 8, 9, and 11.)
- Virtual Memory Page Replacement Algorithms
- Windows XP. How to manually change the size of the virtual memory paging file
- Windows XP. Factors that may deplete the supply of paged pool memory
- SwapFs driver that can be used to save the paging file of Windows on a swap partition of Linux.


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For the eighth year in a row, College of Eastern Utah's automotive department was ranked in the top 20 schools named as Best in America, according to Tomorrow's Technician/Chicago Pneumatic School of the Year.
Tomorrow's Technician received 266 entries for this year's competition with CEU, Arapahoe Community College in Littleton, Colo., and Northwest Kansas Technical College, Goodland, Kan., all named from the Southwest region on the United States.
Department chair Stan Martineau believes that CEU's Automotive Program was ranked top 20 because of each student's success.
"Last fall, 13 out of 14 students passed the national test," he stated. "Nationally about 60 percent of students pass the test, so CEU is well ahead of their game."
Martineau stated that a former student stopped by the college recently and informed him that she is working as a technician in Alaska because of what she learned while enrolled in the automotive program at CEU.
Another factor of success, Martineau said, is the amount of community service that the students contribute. This month they will travel to Blanding to give a two-day workshop, are working on a community member's car that needs a vehicle to get to work and are presenting a workshop at the Castle Valley Center.
He noted that every year for the last eight years, at least one student from CEU has placed first in state at the Skills USA competition (formerly known as the VICA program).
Not only has the automotive program received top 20 the past eight years, it has been ranked among the top three by the Automotive Industry Planning Council and rated a Program of Excellence by Snap-On Tools.


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Grand Slam for Youth Baseball makes it easier for boys and girls to play, learn about and experience baseball, thus seeking to foster self-confidence, involvement, teamwork and fun among area children.
Information and applications related to Grand Slam for Youth Baseball can also be found at www.gsfyb.com
The Houston Astros and the makers of Minute Maid came together in 2002 and created Grand Slam for Youth Baseball, a four-part program designed to bring the benefits of the National Pastime to the young people of Greater Houston. Grand Slam for Youth Baseball makes it easier for boys and girls to play, learn about and experience baseball, thus seeking to foster self-confidence, involvement, teamwork, and fun among youth in Houston and the surrounding areas.
Entering the 2011 season, Minute Maid and the Astros In Action Foundation have donated more than $2.4 million of support to Houston area baseball and softball.
Grand Slam for Youth Baseball is comprised of the following four components:
The 2011 season marks the ninth year Grand Slam for Youth Baseball has sponsored the City of Houston Parks and Recreation Department's free youth baseball, softball and t-ball program for kids ages 4-18. GSFYB provides all t-shirts, caps and equipment for the program. More than 4,000 Houston-area boys and girls benefit from the program each year.
For more information about the Houston Parks and Recreation Department's Youth Baseball Program, please call 713-865-4517 or 713-865-4512.
The Astros and Minute Maid, through GSFYB, have pledged to refurbish one youth ball field a year by providing landscaping, renovating facilities or helping with other needs. Employees of both organizations assist in the refurbishment efforts.
The first youth ball field to be refurbished through GSFYB was Settegast Park Ball Field in 2003 located in Houston's East End, only blocks from Minute Maid Park. Other refurbishment projects include:
The Grand Slam for Youth Baseball Scholarship program was launched in 2005 to assist Houston-area high school senior boys and girls with college expenses. Through the program, Minute Maid and the Astros in Action Foundation fund and support individual $2,500 college scholarships each year. In 2011, a record 25 youth received scholarships and since the program's inception, over $312,500 has been granted to young students.Download GSFYB Scholarship Application
Through GSFYB, the Astros and Minute Maid offer unique fundraising opportunities to help qualified 501(c)3 youth baseball and softball teams and leagues raise money for baseball/softball-related expenses. This piece of the GSFYB program has generated more than $175,000 in proceeds for Houston area leagues and teams.
For more information on any of these programs or to apply for fundraising opportunities, please call 713-259-8956.


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Posted: February 21, 2013
Bullying can happen anywhere. It can happen in person, online, or behind your back. But there are some groups that are at higher risk.
Erin Reiney is the Director of Injury and Violence Prevention at the Health Resources and Service's Administration (HRSA) Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). She leads HRSA's Bullying Prevention efforts, and serves as project officer for the MCHB Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) Resource Center Consortium and the Children's Safety Network National Resource Center....Continue ReadingPosted in Risk Factors
Posted: February 11, 2013
February is Teen Dating Violence Awareness Month! Dating violence can happen to any teen in a romantic, dating, or sexual relationship, anytime, anywhere. It can happen in person or online with a current or former dating partner. Bullying involves acts of violence, power or control of one person over another. But it does not have to happen at all.
One ... Continue ReadingPosted in Prevention
Posted: January 29, 2013
On the surface, bullying and youth substance use may seem like separate problems. However, from research, we know that kids who use drugs or alcohol are at risk for other problem behaviors during their teen years. Recent findings confirm previous studies that found links between bullying and substance use. In a recent article, researchers found that middle and high school students who bully their peers or are bully-victims (bully others and are also bullied) are more likely than students who aren't involved in bullying to use alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana.Continue ReadingPosted in Risk Factors
Posted: January 22, 2013
The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is proud of its long history of working with the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (GLSEN) and other student groups to promote healthy kids and safe schools. These partnerships are a great chance for HRSA to reach youth in their schools and community to prevent bullying. Over the years, HRSA and GLSEN have shared resources and spoken at events. This year, we are continuing that work on social media for GLSEN's No Name Calling Week.Continue ReadingPosted in Federal Partners in Bullying Prevention
Posted: January 15, 2013
Late one Tuesday night, I received a text from the mother of my son's friend. She told me that we needed to talk NOW; would I call her? Two weeks earlier, my 15-year-old son had broken down in tears over the harassment he was receiving at school. What I did not know, but learned from the mother who contacted me, was that my son had come very close to attempting suicide the night before. The actions of friends may indeed have saved my son's life. My husband and I knew "Jake" was hurting inside.Continue ReadingPosted in Warning Signs


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Unless you are a highly motivated self-starter and aren't prone to giving up when it comes to working out, your chances of sticking to a long-term fitness plan without a friend are significantly lower than they are with a friend. So grab your friend and buddy up for fitness!
With a friend, the time goes by faster, you won't be as tempted to cancel a workout or cheat, and you have someone to celebrate with when it comes to your progress and successes!
I recently read a great article on one of my favorite fitness websites called Get Motivated: The Workout You Won't Cancel. It makes sense! The buddy system has proven itself in just about all areas of life.
At the Butler Community School one of the things I love is the sense of community. If people don't come to take a class or workout with a friend when they first come to the BCS, it's not long before there is a sense of camaraderie. Everyone's in it together. I see it in drop-in classes, during the workshops, and in the Pilates Center. It happens! It's accountability and encouragement at its best.
Here's my challenge. Bring a friend, strike up a new friendship with someone in a class, or get a group together. Prove me right! i'm convinced you'll stick with it! Try working out with people you enjoy being with, in a class that you enjoy. Meet new people! Give it enough time to test it. If it helps, if you experience the benefits of the buddy system, I want to hear your story! If it does nothing for you let me know that too…but I will want to know why!
So grab your workout buddy and get started today!
Tags: active life, austin fitness, austin workout, bcs, Butler Community School, downtown workout, exercise, exercise attitude, exercise excuses, Fitness buddies, fitness motivation, healthy life, physical activity, pilates, workout


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- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
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CANTON One person has been arrested after a student allegedly was pepper-sprayed and robbed in a SUNY Canton residence hall Thursday morning.
College spokesman Gregory E. Kie said campus police still are investigating the 10:30 a.m. incident, and a second arrest is pending.
Further information about the case, including names, arrest details and what allegedly was stolen, was not available Friday, Mr. Kie said.
Mr. Kie said the campus community has been made aware of the incident. Anyone working, studying or visiting SUNY Canton can use the schools emergency phones, which are marked with blue lights, to reach campus police at any time, he said.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
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Jimmie Johnson knows what it takes to win championships, so much so that he's won 4 of them! Celebrate his achievements by sporting this 10KT gold pendant from LogoArt®. It features the four years Jimmie won the NASCAR® Sprint Cup® Championship, can fit up to a 3-mm chain (chain not included), and comes packaged in a velvet gift box.
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text: Whether it's precision lenses for photography, broadcast TV cameras, camcorders or projectors, the name Canon means unsurpassed optical quality. With the LV-7215's 1.6X Ultra-Wide Zoom Lens, that means superior color and stunning clarity. It also means a versatile lens with the widest zoom range around. Even at a cramped distance of 8.2', you can impress your audience with a 100" image that's as beautiful as it is big.


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By KEVIN SCANNELLSun Advocate sports reporter
Winning doesn't always come easy. And even with a win, it may not always look so pretty.
But for the Carbon High Dinos, a win is a win no matter how it looked.
That's the prevailing feeling the Dinos have after getting a close 56-53 win over Ben Lomond on Saturday evening at the Carbon High gymnasium.
After battling each other for much of the game, it was the little things the Dinos did in order to come away with the win. Defense, making free throws and fighting through injuries were just some of the things the Dinos pushed aside to get a win.
"It was a tight, physical game from the start but we were able to come out on top in the end," said Carbon High head coach Jeff Cisneros.
Cisneros said the offense looked good when the Dinos got out and ran against the Scots. However when the game slowed down, the Scots were able to crawl back into the game in the second half.
Senior Jordan Blanc led the Dinos offense with a team-high 20 points. Fellow seniors Bryce Blackburn added 11 points and Dakota Cisneros and Derek Young each finished with nine points.
The Dinos jumped out to an early 15-6 lead after the first quarter but trailed 24-23 at the half. The Dinos battled back and regained the lead late in the game by making key shots and converting their free throw attempts (14-of-18, 78 percent) down the stretch.
"That's what helped us win the game," Cisneros explained.
Cisneros said starting point guard Dakota Cisneros had to leave the game for a short time in the second half when he suffered a cut above his right eye which had to be glued shut.
Bench players including Michael Peczuh, Garrett Blanc and Peyton Fausett made key contributions to help the team throughout the game, Cisneros said.
Carbon High (2-4) will travel on Friday night to play Emery High at 7 p.m. They will host Tooele on Saturday at 5 p.m. at the Carbon High Gymnasium.


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Glades and Ragged Underwood
107 NW 5th Ave.
Vivian Chen's paintings are the highlight of this three-artist show. In a commentary on decay and rebirth, they present a menagerie of animals lying dead on the forest floor with vegetation sprouting out of their carcasses. It's disconcerting to see mushrooms and a tree branch growing out of a bird's eye in the piece Bird, or flowers and leaves from the belly of Deer, and various flora spreading across the bodies of Snail, Bear, Owl, Rabbit and Raccoon. But this is the fate of any animal that runs out its clock and sleeps without waking. With a potent mix of whimsy and the grotesque, Chen makes us confront the fate that awaits all beasts, including those who walk on two legs and have brains that know death is inevitable. Through Feb. 3.
Where: Compound Gallery
Phone: 796-2733
Address: 107 NW 5th Ave.
Website: http://www.compoundgallery.com/


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Understanding the Cross
How do you view the death of Jesus on the cross? What do you believe really happened at the cross? How does it affect you?Read More
Witnessing His Glory
The angels sang "Glory to God" at Christ's birth. The heavenly elders give glory to God around His throne. Why don't you follow their example and give God glory today in every circumstance of your life?Read More
Reflecting His Image
Pray this prayer: "Dear God, reveal to me the depth and riches of the nature of Your Son, Jesus."Read More
Plumbing the Depths of His Person
Jesus has given His glory to you as a gift. Read John 17.Read More
Exploring Christ's Nature
Go to your local Christian bookstore and buy a book about Jesus. As you read it, ask God to reveal to you the true nature of His Son.Read More
Comprehending the Course of History
Focus your thoughts on the second advent of Jesus Christ by reading Matthew 24.Read More
Tracing the Genealogy of Jesus
Who is Jesus to you?Read More
Treasuring Redemption's Price
Reflect on what Jesus did for you on Calvary. Give thanks for the Lamb of God who bore your sin.Read More
Accepting His Deity
Try using the Gloria Patri in this reading as a spiritual warfare song. Quote or sing it out loud.Read More
Accepting the Atonement of the Cross
Make this declaration: "Heavenly Father, I accept without reservation the supernatural atonement of Jesus Christ on the cross."Read More
DevotionalsDaily readings to encourage your heart and mind in the pursuit of God and his glory.
- All
- Angels and Demons
- Atonement
- Basic Reformed Theology
- Irresistible Grace
- Limited Atonement
- Perseverance of the Saints
- Total Depravity
- Unconditional Election
- The Church
- Church Discipline
- Church Leadership
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- God
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- Cross
- Incarnation
- Resurrection
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- Man and Sin
- Sacraments
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- Regeneration
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- Theological Views
- Roman Catholicism
- Music
- Apologetics
- False Teaching
- Atheism
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- Creation
- Ethics
- Fiction and Literature
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- Science
- Bible Figures
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- Bibles
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- Introduction to the Bible
- Jesus' Ministry
- Life of Jesus
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- Old Testament
- Parables
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- Sermon on the Mount
- Ten Commandments
- The Lord's Prayer
- Controversies in the Church
- Arts
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- Lordship Salvation
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- Theonomy
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- Grief and Death
- Pastoral Ministry
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- Anxiety and Worry
- Apostasy
- Assurance
- Conscience
- Depression
- Doubt
- Fellowship
- Godliness
- Guilt
- Humility
- Joy
- Knowing God's Will
- Legalism
- Love
- Money and Stewardship
- Oaths and Vows
- Prayer
- Pride
- Repentance and Forgiveness
- Sanctification and Growth
- Service
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- Suffering
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- Vocation
- Ancient Church
- Biography
- Enlightenment and Modernism
- Historical Theology
- Reformation
- Twentieth Century


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Public Garden Career Center - View Job
Part-Time Instructor
Category: Education
Queens Botanical Garden
Flushing, NY
Posted: Tuesday, April 9, 2013
Part-Time Instructor
Queens Botanical Garden is an urban oasis where people, plants and cultures are
celebrated through inspiring gardens, innovative educational programs
and demonstrations of environmental stewardship.
The Queens Botanical Garden (QBG) is a private non-profit cultural institution located on 39 acres of New York City public land in Flushing, New York. The Garden serves nearly 200,000 visitors each year; a visitor survey reveals that 75% of all visitors speak a language other than English at home. This astounding fact underscores the importance of the Garden's mission and the challenges and opportunities it faces daily in creating programs, exhibits and landscapes that serve the needs of one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the nation. The Garden has committed itself to addressing the complex and ever changing needs of its diverse community and to being the place where people, plants and cultures meet.
The Education Department of Queens Botanical Garden offers public events, school workshops and teacher training programs throughout the year expressing QBG's mission of cultural connection to plants and ecological sustainability.
Part Time Instructors are sought for opportunities to teach classes, provide programs and offer tours both on the Garden grounds and off-site. The Instructor will be responsible for all aspects of the program—from preparing materials to teaching the class to breaking down after the class.
Examples of opportunities are as follows:
- On-site environmental workshops & tours for various groups
- Off-site programs in schools or at other community facilities
- On-site green building and landscape tours
- Off-site programs for children, families, clubs, etc. at neighborhood festivals, street fairs, holiday events, etc.
- On-site weekend programs and workshops
- Special events such as Arbor Fest and Harvest Fest
- Teacher training classes
- Gardening classes
- Two years related experience
- Must have knowledge of botany, environmental studies, ethnobotany or life sciences
- Experience and sensitivity working with varied populations
- Must be able to work with large groups of children and adults in an outdoor setting
- Outgoing personality and enthusiastic attitude
- Excellent communication and organizational abilities
- Flexible hours, including weekend availability
We seek candidates with strengths in various specialties including the following:
- Green infrastructure and landscape knowledge
- Gardening knowledge
- Awareness of local environmental issues
- Driver's license, a plus. Department of Education fingerprinting, a plus
To apply, please send cover letter and resume to:
Human Resources, 43-50 Main Street Flushing, NY 11355
No calls please.


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Product Details
Replacement Electric Fan Mounting Bracket (32002) by Flex-a-lite®. For #10, 20. Properly mount your fan with these Flex-a-lite electric fan mounting brackets. They're made from quality materials for strength and durability.
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Flex-a-lite provides a host of replacement parts for your cooling system, which has a primary job of efficient heat transfer to keep your engine running cool and safe. The cooling system includes a great many parts, including a radiator, fan, water pump, thermostat, etc. that together ensure smooth and efficient operation. If you want to keep your cooling system always in great condition, opt for heavy-duty Flex-a-lite products that guarantee your vehicle a long and happy life. The parts are made using high-grade materials and cutting-edge manufacturing technologies. They are designed to replace your defective factory units so that the cooling system functions as it should, while contributing to the overall performance of your vehicle. Best yet, all Flex-a-lite items are backed by an unbeatable one-year warranty that gives you the confidence you deserve.12.34Brand: Flex-a-lite Part Number: 32002 UPC: 088657320023
Flex-a-lite is a third-generation business that has been in the automotive industry for over half a century. In 1962, Eddy Davis, who was an Army Air Corps pilot in England during the Second World War, set up Flex-a-lite with the original 'flex fan' concept. The company is currently based in Fife, Washington, and run by Lisa Chissus, Eddy's granddaughter. Lisa is the one who invented the now patented Flex-a-fit radiator sidetank design that provides superior heat transfer. Though Flex-a-lite continues to look for innovative performance cooling solutions, one thing that hasn't changed since the company's foundation is that all products are still engineered and manufactured in the USA, with American hands.
- Vehicle FitmentThis part is universal
Year Make Model Fitment Notes This part is universal
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You will never pay more with CARiD! Not only will we match prices from any competitor's website or other reputable source, we will continue to honor that promise for up to one year after your purchase.
We'll match the price at time of purchase, or refund you the difference if done after the purchase. Either way, we are totally committed to providing you the best online shopping experience.
We're car and truck enthusiasts, just like you! And it's enthusiasts we hire in our Sales and Service Centers. Many of our staff are ASE certified and have spent years in the retail auto business.
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Science Friday® is produced by the Science Friday Initiative, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.
Science Friday® and SciFri® are registered service marks of Science Friday, Inc. Site design by Pentagram; engineering by Mediapolis.
|In a new book writer Debbie Nathan digs into archived material documenting the experiences of a patient known as "Sybil," who reportedly suffered from multiple personality disorder. Ira Flatow and guests discuss MPD, and its modern equivalent--dissociative identity disorder.


text: Newspaper: Harris cited for marijuana possession Nov. 25 Share this story email Share this story «Previous 3 of 14 Photos Next » Read the story « » Cliff Harris cited for driving 118 mph Police clocked star University of Oregon football player Cliff Harris driving 118 mph without a valid driver's license early Sunday morning on Interstate 5 south of Albany in June 2011. Harris, 20, was cited by Oregon State Police for driving suspended and going 118 mph in a 65 mph speed zone. An off-duty trooper spotted the vehicle around 4:32 a.m. Sunday and obtained a radar reading of 118 mph. Dashcam video from the Harris speeding stop reveals that troopers questioned Harris and the car's occupants about marijuana - and that quarterback Darron Thomas was in the car, the third time Thomas had been a passenger in a car with a Duck player when they got in trouble with police.


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Invicta Watches
Men's Diver Black Watch
$235 Gilt
- Color:
- stainless steel
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
- 3
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
- Round stainless steel case with black dial, date window at 4 o'clock, chronograph subdials at 12, 6, and 9 o'clock, and black ionic plated stainless steel bezel
- Stainless steel bracelet with deployment clasp closure
- Quartz movement
- Water resistance tested at 200M
- Case measures 52mm (2.04 inches) wide
- Bracelet measures 28mm (1.10 inches) wide
- 1 year limited manufacturer warranty
- Note: IP or ionic plating is a plating process that is primarily used for wear resistance and corrosion protection
Material: Black ionic plated stainless steel and stainless steel
Brand: Invicta Watches
Origin: Japan


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High-Leverage Pro Nail & Wire Cutters
Unique design provides exceptional force in a small size
|Today's Price:$75.65
This patented German design uses unique leverage and special fulcrum action to produce exceptional forceusing only 8" handles. It will cut 1/4" soft wire (like nails), 3/16" hard wire, and 1/8" piano wire with modest effort. This is simply extraordinary performance. It will cut common nails almost like butter. Any home or professional shop will be glad to have one of these available.
Made in Germany.
Made in Germany.


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Molson Coors Wheelchair Dare Toronto TODAY
…I arrived at the office to assume a different chair for the day…a wheelchair ! Molson Coors Canada is supporting the Muscular Dystrophy Wheelchair Dare to raise awareness for MD and raise money to help battle this debilitating disease. It also points to the challenges that those faced with mobility challenges have in carrying out active lifestyles in spite of those challenges. If you'd like to lend your support you can find out more on our community blog at http://blog.molson.com/community/tag/molson-coors-wheelchair-dare/. Thanks for helping us make a difference…proud to play our part along with the good folks at CFRB and GLOBAL TV Toronto…cheers… @MolsonFerg http://amplify.com/u/a132hm


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We rent LED par can's, perfect for decorative room lighting. Super easy to set-up and use! Low power consumption and they stay cool all night. ...(more)


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