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I'm leaving next week for a hike in the Brooks Range, normal lows this time of year are in the 30s, record lows into the upper teens. Daytime temps could be 40s to 60s. Could be rain, maybe a dusting of snow. We'll be out for 9 days in the mountains behind Galbraith Lake. My plan is to bring thermal underwear, a Marmot Reactor Zip fleece sweater, a Patagonia Micropuff vest, a Montbell UL Thermawrap jacket and lightweight rain jacket and pants. I plan to bring a Marmot Hydrogen 30-degree bag, supplement it with the above clothes if the weather turns really cold. I'm trying to lighten my pack, but I don't have cold-weather experience with the ultralight vest, jacket and bag. Are they really warm enough for this sort of trip?
Edited by mutski on 08/04/2007 01:52:20 MDT.
Doug, Good question – I personally think your Thermawrap with your Micropuff vest would be warm enough.I'm also interested in some experienced-based opinions regarding your question. I am planning for a trip in mid-September to Rocky Mountain National Park with similar temperatures to what you'll see.Averages: Low 30's High 50'sRecords: Low 20's High 70'sMy tentative layering system is similar to yours:Base layer:- Patagonia capilene II long sleeve shirt (5.9 oz) - Patagonia capilene III long underwear (6.9 oz)Mid layer:- Merino wool long sleeve 1/4 zip sweater (11.3 oz)High loft insulation:- Patagonia Micropuff jacket (11 oz)Outer layer for rain:- Patagonia Rain Shadow jacket (13.8)- GoLite Reed pants (5.9 oz)Outer layer for wind: - GoLite Ether (3.2 oz) wind shirt- If needed i'll use the above GoLite Reed on my legsTotal weight of above: 58 oz (3.6#)Sleeping bag:Montbell UL SS 800 fill down #3 (30 degree bag)Some other clothing accessories:- Cloudveil glove liner (0.85 oz)- Patagonia Fingerless gloves (2.2 oz)- MLD eVENT rain mitts (0.95 oz, need to purchase or find alternative)- Smartwool lightweight balaclava (1.65 oz)- S2S mosquito headnet (1.2 oz, not sure if bugs will be an issue)- ID eVENT gaiters (2.3 oz)I think a question we'd both be interested asking is if we need the mid layer (your Marmot Reactor fleece zip and my merino wool 1/4 zip L/S sweater)? Perhaps they'd be useful when hiking and your Thermawrap (and my Micropuff) would be to hot and our long underwear base layer would be too cool. Though, I could toss on my GoLite Ether over the capilene. Leaving them home would save us both almost a 3/4 of a pound!In a related thread Brett1234 stated the following: "IME, Thermawrap is good to 0C while active with a wool-1 base." I'm assuming by "wool-1 base" he is referring to a lightweight merino wool shirt.See: http://www.backpackinglight.com/cgi-bin/backpackinglight/xdpy/forum_thread/8910/index.htmlBrian
Edited by brianjbarnes on 08/04/2007 09:10:05 MDT.
For me, a synthetic tee and a MB Thermawrap will keep me warm down to 45F when at rest -- or 40F when adding a shell layer. I know I would want something more than just the Thermawrap at 32F / 0C (yes, I live in sunny southern Cal).My MB Down Hugger No. 3 bag keeps me warm to 30F. Much below that, I start feeling cold. I haven't actually done it, but I believe I can take the bag down to 20F if I wear my Thermawrap top and bottom.
Edited by ben2world on 08/04/2007 09:22:03 MDT.
Ben, Do you think the addition of his micropuff vest (over the Thermawrap) would keep him sufficiently warm for said temps? Or would your arms get to cold? I have not heard much about his bag and if the rating is spot on. Your comments regarding the montbell #3 bag seem consistent with others. Regarding lower insulation: I assume long underwear (under nylon pants) is sufficient for these temps when active. However, do you think thermawrap bottoms would be a more versatile choice as they'd be the choice for in camp/sleeping?
Hi Brian:Here are my thoughts/questions reading Doug's post above:1. Has he used the Marmot Hydrogen at or below its rated temp? Is it accurately rated to 30F for him?2. If (1) is affirmative, then I am thinking that the addition of a Thermawrap is good enough for a 10F boost, and adding a rain jacket on top should be good for another 5F boost -- or 15F in total. That should take care of his upper body. He may wish to bring a vest or fleece for "insurance" -- but I don't think he needs both vest and fleece in addition to the Thermawrap.3. But what about the lower body? Long underwear and rain pants may not be enough if temps drop to 20F. And if the Marmot isn't accurately rated to begin with, then his legs may really feel the cold. Doug might want to swap one of his top insulation layers for a bottom???
I have the thermawrap jacket, 2006 model, and I use a 32-degree rated bag (WM Summerlite) and in the conditions described in the original post I'd be confident that setup would work for me. But sort of like someone recommending a particular pair of shoes, YMMV a lot. It depends on how your body handles cold in general, how in-shape you are, what you're eating, how active you are when on the trip, whether you tend to sleep warm or cold, etc etc.I think the only way to really know how well you'll do with a gear/clothing setup is to have some experience at something sufficiently similar to calibrate it to your own body. If not, I'd go a bit conservative, i.e., risk carrying more (layerable) clothing than you might need until you've been able to get that direct experience.
I have used the Marmot Hydrogen bag one night down to 26 or 28 degrees, wore the Thermowrap jacket and was warm enough. Seems like adding full thermal underwear, tops and bottoms, I'd be happy down to 20 anyway, maybe cooler with the vest and a fleece cap.I'm figuring to wear the Reactor while we're hiking, since it will breath much better than the Thermowrap, then add the Thermowrap and/or vest at rest stops and in camp.I'm not so sure about hanging around camp with the Thermowrap, vest, sweater and longjohns if it gets really cold. I'm strongly tempted to try it, though. I think I was happy on the last trip wearing the Thermowrap, vest and a cap the evening before the 28-degree low. I'm curious if anyone else has experience with similar gear and temps. I guess it won't get really cold this trip unless the weather is clear, in which case at least I should be dry. With nine days food (20 lb) and the light gear mentioned, my pack is still looking like 48 or 50 pounds. See my profile for tentative gear list (Comments, critique welcome). It's 10 or 12 pounds lighter than a six-day trip I took last year.
Edited by mutski on 08/04/2007 22:36:27 MDT.
Has anyone every used this product for water treatment??? I am wondering about the flavor and the efficacy. thanks,Jason
Jason's post above reads like a pretty blatant -- and lame -- attempt at free advertising.
Wouldn't waste my money on it Jason.
what do you want to bet that was a post because of the comments of 'clothing supplements' above?
I built a thermal model for Doug Loshbaugh's proposed Brooks Range Trip. In summary it showed the following salient points:-Neither the long underwear nor the Marmot Reactor Zip Fleece is required for the worst case low temperature scenarios. Eliminating these two items will save approximately 2 lbs.-My thermal database lists Exceloft at .040 W/m K. My intuition is that it should test closer to .033 W/m K if I went to the trouble to formally test it. .033 W/m K would put it about the same clo/oz as the latest Climashield XP or Primaloft One. I did the calculations using both Exceloft values and discovered there was only a 1.1 F difference between whether this insulation tested at the top of the pack or in the middle. I used the more conservative worst case (WC) values for all insulation requirement calculations.-Recommended clothing combinations for camp chores, hiking, and sleeping are listed in the model. The items in yellow are proposed solutions and all other values are used to determine the requirements.
Edited by richard295 on 08/06/2007 12:09:54 MDT.
Thanks for the calculations!
What the...?!?Richard,It'd be sweet if you could actually do a full write up of whatever it is you did... how you came up with values, etc. That appears to be a beautiful piece of work that you've done....
Joshua - It is a big unknown to me what percentage of the forum readers, besides the person requesting information, are interested in the same question. Also unknown is what level of detail is appropriate to answer a question. I believe that it is generally prudent to avoid the situation known as, " I just wanted to know the time, not how your watch works."People are comfortable when the same amount of heat generated is the amount lost. Your body is similar to an automobile in that 75% of the energy used results in heat and only about 25% in useful work. We need to know the activity level in order to calculate how much insulation is required for a specific temperature. The base metabolic rate (1 MET) is the amount of energy you are burning when laying down resting but awake. When asleep you generate about .8 this amount (.8 MET), doing camp chores twice this amount (2.5 MET) and backpacking an average of about seven times this amount (7 MET).As an ultralight backpacker, you want to select, from your inventory, the lightest combination of insulation that will insure comfort for all activities within the estimated temperature extremes. You first determine how much insulation you need to sleep comfortably at some specified minimum temperature. In Doug's case, he was planning on using a bag that had been tested using the EN13537 procedure. I believe this is the most accurate testing system available. His Marmot Hydrogen's 30F EN13537 Lower Comfort rating means that it averages 5.88 clo. The insulation required for a temperature rating can be found on page 32 in EN13537 Convert m2 K/W insulation values to clo values by dividing by .155.The BPL reviews on most clothing items give the insulation weight in oz/yd2. The clo/oz ratings for the most common backpacking used insulations are:Cotton .04 clo/ozMerino wool .08 clo/ozPolartec 100,200, and 300 series .16 clo/ozPolarguard 3D, .63 clo/ozExceloft .68 clo/ozPolarguard Delta, .68 clo/oz.Climashield HL, .68 clo/oz.Down (550 fill) .70Primaloft Sport, .74 clo/oz.Climashield Combat, .79 clo/oz.Climashield XP, .82 clo/oz.Primaloft One, .84 clo/oz.Down (850+ fill) 2.53 clo/ozMultiply the insulation weight in oz/yd2 times the clo/oz to determine the Item clo value. This tells you how warm it would be if it covered your complete body. You then need to multiply this number by the % of the body is covered by the item to calculate the clo Iclu value. The clo Iclu value allows you to determine the effective insulation by combining items with different insulation values. The average vest covers 36% and the average jacket covers 48% of your total body area. These % adjustments were made to the appropriate clothing items. After adding all of the clo Iclu values, convert this number back to m2K/W by multiply by .155. Then look at the above referenced graph to determine what temperature that combination yields for comfortable sleep. For activities other than sleep, you generate more heat and so your insulation needs are reduced in proportion to your MET level. If we wanted comfortable sleep at 40F, we can see from the above referenced chart that the insulation required would be approximately .76 m2K/W. We divide by ~.155 to find the equivalent clo value of 4.84. We then need to divide this by increased heat generated from camp activities or 2.5/0.8 which yields the required insulation of 1.55 Iclu clo that is shown in the chart. The clothing combination that is most appropriate for this scenario is determined by combining items to find the closest clo Iclu total. In this case it happened to be our base clothing + Patagonia Micro Puff + Montbell Thermawrap + rain gear yielding 1.95 clo Iclu.The information about how good the proprietary Exceloft insulation is illustrates an important point: to keep things simple, just focus on the thickness of the combined insulation layers.
Edited by richard295 on 08/06/2007 23:28:22 MDT.
EN13537 should provide a hot link entitled EN13537. Until BPL fixes this bug you will have to manually place the URL http://www.mammut.ch/mammut/uploadedFiles/Sleep%20Well_Pt1_E.pdf#search=%22%22A%20Review%20of%20Temperature%20Standards%22%22 in your browser.
Richard, in my case you definitely did not run into "what time is it?" that kind of information is exactly what I was looking for.Of course, it takes a while to digest it. That study of "EN 13537" doesn't have any notes on mats beyond 'use a good mat'. I presume that this all goes to heck if one is not used (is there a similar procedure for deciding how much 'mat' one needs)?Question, when (in your explanation) you mentioned a graph, I suppose it's the m2/K / temp comfort one in the study PDF?Question 2, you mentioned keying in on thickness, I'm not sure I quite understood what you meant. I'm having a hard time figuring out how, exactly, that worked into your system / spreadsheet.Actually, if you wouldn't mind emailing me your spread sheet, I'd love to have a look at the base calcs / process.
Edited by jdmitch on 08/06/2007 14:36:56 MDT.
Josuha - The EN 13537 tests are done with the old orange 1.75" Thermarest standard. Its specs are R value = 5.8 or M2KV = .876. Last year I posted a very detailed explanation of how to adjust sleeping bag ratings for different pad insulation values and sleeping positions. The series of posts were in response to questions Bill F had regarding quilts design.The graph is on page 32 of the URL link I provided in my latest post calling out the long outstanding BPL forum bug.By keying in on thickness, I meant that for most purposes, you only need to measure the thickness of the insulation with a ruler to gauge its relative contribution rather than making things more complex by factoring in the insulation type. In general, something twice as thick will have twice the insulation value. The relatively thin .234 thickness of the Thermawrap has a relatively small impact by increasing a sleeping bag rating 6.2 F. For most of my trips I just calculate what I need in my head using a very simple approach. It should be clear why this works by going through the detailed approach one time.-For sleeping, 20F requires approximately 2 inches on insulation. Add 1/2 my jacket and (or) vest thickness total to my sleeping bag total to find the miniumum comfort temp-For sleeping, every 1/2" difference in insulation changes the rating approximately 20F-For camp chores wear, I just divide the sleeping bag insulation amount I would need for that temp by 3 (2.5 MET/.8 MET = 3.125)
Edited by richard295 on 08/06/2007 15:45:55 MDT.
Joshua: "What the...?!?"LOL.. I had the same reaction seeing my first R.N. 'clo' post. Its these sort of nuggets that I copy and save, which keep a gear geek like me coming back to BPL for more.The simplified approach in Richard's last post is his rule of thumb which I have been using with success for a year now. A key piece of information is knowing your own metabolic rate, which introduces a scaling factor into the clo results (linear or not, Richard?). For example a girl I hike with has to use a factor of 2; twice the insulation I would use to stay comfortable. But, true to the model it is predictable, so she can plan what to carry and nothing more.
Edited by Brett1234 on 08/06/2007 21:14:56 MDT.
Brett - You are correct. I made a detailed series of posts about this phenomenon in the forum a while back. In addition, those posts contained a BMR calculator URL. Age, sex, weight, and height are inputs to calculating a BMR.The function is non-linear. Below is what just the age and sex elements look like graphed. The arrows point to the typical BMR age and sex values used in the calculation of sleeping bag warmth standards for either a male or female.
Edited by richard295 on 08/06/2007 23:19:31 MDT.
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Afghanistan-unrest-prison,FOCUS by Ben Sheppard In this picture taken... News PhotoAfghanistan,Ceremony,Conflict,Family,Greeting,Hat,Horizontal,Kabul,Prison,Prisoner,Releasing,TalibanPhotographer MASSOUD HOSSAINICollection: AFP 2013 AFPTO GO WITH Afghanistan-unrest-prison,FOCUS by Ben Sheppard In this picture taken on January 4 ,2013, released Taliban prisoners wearing white hats greet relatives after a ceremony in Pul-e-Charkhi jail. With tears streaming down their faces, scores of suspected Afghan militants embraced waiting relatives and walked to freedom -- just one sign of increasing attempts at reconciliation after 11 years of war. About 80 men, all wearing white skull caps, were released from jail on January 4, 2013, at a ceremony inside Pul-e-Charkhi, Afghanistan's largest prison located on dusty flatlands east of the capital Kabul. AFP PHOTO/ Massoud HOSSAINI (Photo credit should read MASSOUD HOSSAINI/AFP/Getty Images)


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Read: The Animosity and Anger Is Back Between The Two Sides
Former Ranger and TSN analyst Aaron Ward sent out a tweet last night saying that things turned ugly during the meeting between the owners and players last night.
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State legislators in Wyoming, like American preppers, have decided to prepare for economic and political collapse of the United States because of the Nation's soaring national debt and Americans' growing dissatisfaction with the Federal government.
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Obama And Biden Deliver Remarks At Funeral For Daniel Inouye
U.S. President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden attend the... Fotografia de notíciasAtender,Barack Obama,Catedral Nacional,Daniel K. Inouye,EUA,Funeral,Horizontal,Interesse Humano,Joseph Biden,Obituário,Política,Presidente dos EUA,Vice-Presidente,Washington DCPhotographer PoolCollection: Getty Images News 2012 Getty ImagesWASHINGTON, DC - DECEMBER 21: (AFP OUT) U.S. President Barack Obama (L) and Vice President Joe Biden (C) attend the funeral service for the late Sen. Daniel Inouye (D-HI) at the Washington National Cathedral December 21, 2012 in Washington, DC. Inouye was a World War II veteran and then later the second-longest serving senator in history. (Photo by Jim Lo Scalzo - Pool/Getty Images)


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(Jul 30, 2013) On July 18, 2013, Ghana's Parliament adopted the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Bill 2013, which, if signed into law by Ghana's President, will introduce changes to the country's investment laws and institutions. (Parliament Passes GIPC Bill, GHANA BROADCASTING CORP. (July 24, 2013); Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Bill, Parliament of Ghana website (July 24, 2013).) The Bill will repeal and replace the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Act 478 of 1994. (Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Bill, § 43.)
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I'm not entirely convinced the E->W traverse is necessarily a "faster" route than the opposite direction, but climbing up the E. Rim late in the day sounds rough. A full day of running and hiking through the canyons will be taxing either we shake it, so whatever direction provides the easiest shuttling logistics for the group at large, I'm all game for. Zion Adventures offers shuttle services for groups that seem reasonable if we wanted to simplify things a bit. Prices range from $20-30 a head. I'm totally open to key swapping at some point along the route, but we won't really be able to firm up those details until we have a final count of runners and vehicles.
You bring up some good points Art. Consider some "worst case" scenarios with a key swap, if a runner/keyholder bails out along the route. I'm leaning towards a paid shuttle service, or securing ourself a dedicated shuttle driver, someone who would be generous enough to hang out and camp for the weekend, but not run the ZT. I'll do a little more homework this week as well.
before we start discussing the logistics of getting to/from the start/finish, and camping,I think we should first nail down whether we want to go East bound or West bound as this decision impacts a lot of things.based on a quick study of Skurka's mapset (emphasize quick) here are a few factors :East bound (start Lee Pass)1. first 10 miles, pass thru contaminated water sources when we least need water and can skip them2. miles 12-18, pass thru sketchy navigation zone when we are fresh and it is daylight3. mile 36, very easy drop out point for anyone who needs it (the daunting climb may increase the drop out rate here though)4. yes a very difficult climb late in the day when we are most tired5. potentially miss some of the most scenic country late in the day when we are tired and it may be dark.West bound1. get the big bad climb over early2. enjoy the best scenery before we get tired3. travel thru the sketchy navigation zone late in the route when we are tired and it could be dark4. bailing out becomes more problematic, though not impossiblethe sketchy navigation zone concerns me somewhat for those who are not great at backcountry travel, and for those who may be going too fast to pay close attention.not sure what Skurka means here, i.e. how sketchy.
Edited by asandh on 12/02/2013 09:21:26 MST.
In my opinion the biggest issue to consider is finishing time disparities amongst everyone out there and how this factors into shuttles.Some stuff to think about….At the R2R2R and Joshua Tree we had the luxury of finishing where we started or where we were camped. Not so in Zion. If camped in the main park and finishing at the East Rim, it's still many, many miles back down the hill by road, through the tunnel, etc. to get back to camp. If finishing at Lee's Pass, it's about an hour drive back to the valley. Cars would have to be waiting at either end.So my concern is how to deal with runners finishing in, say, 8 or 9 hours vs. the possibility of others finishing in as much as 15. I'm not going to overestimate my abilities or what I can accomplish training between now and then. For safety's sake, I always estimate my finish time based on what it would take to hike the course. In this case, that would be in the ballpark of 15 hours for me.It puts drivers and shuttles in a weird position to have to be essentially waiting indefinitely for the last runners to come in with no idea how they're doing out there, if they bailed, or if their making progress.I suppose one option to deal with this is to have a dedicated sweeper, someone with cars keys that is willing to make sure nobody gets behind them. I'd be OK with this as I have no concern whatsoever about fast times or PRs. i just want to have a fun, long day.
based on Skurka's assessment, no one who has expressed an interest so far will be finishing under 11 hours. the most likely disparity window for our group is 13-17 hours.an east bound direction allows an easy access checkpoint at mile 36, with an encouragement to drop for anyone who is dramatically slow.it seems people are planning to come with family and friends, I can even invite my wife if dedicated volunteers are needed to monitor progress.we could also impose a condition that no one do this traverse alone, thus reducing the logistic issue a bit. its not a race after all. its a fun adventure.
Edited by asandh on 12/02/2013 10:05:10 MST.
Mike -could you maybe start a list of who's coming and the likelihood of their actually coming, on your first entry like at RRR.knowing how many and who will help in the logistic discussion which has begun.
Initially West bound was my preference mainly for the reason of doing the big climb early on. In light of some of the points raised by Craig and Art, I think Eastbound may be the best bet.Having good water when needed and a bailout point at a respectable 36 miles could both be key factors. Shuttling seems easier this way too but there is still a question of logistics for a bailout shuttle(s) with regard to finishing times. I'm not sure how practical the bailout idea is unless I'm missing something it would leave the driver waiting indefinetly for runners who may still elect to keep running thru to the finish.As for me I've been caught up with some things and have been running less than I had hoped. I'm trying to rectify that and I'd say I'm a strong 'likely' but Sandra D will not be there unless the date happens to get pushed out. I will have to talk with my friend Scott to see how likely he is. Im a little curious what you guys are thinking about *carrying* in terms of clothing to deal with the varying conditions throughout the day (and/or emergency bivy?... yikes!)
I still think that having a dropout option at ~ 35 miles trumps everything else; that's a distance I think most of are comfortable in completing. Going west bound you are totally committed for the entire route- I like the option of pulling the pin if need be.Logistics- I'm pretty sure we can get dropped off at our starting point (Lee's Pass)- I checked into it last year and one of the shuttle outfits were willing to do it- even leaving earlier than they normally would. The cost was pretty minimal when spread out over several participants. If we can leave a couple of vehicles at our ending point, maybe one for the faster runners, one for the slower- maybe even three vehicles????If one bails at the 35 mile there is a park shuttle service to get back to camp.My gear will be similar to the R2R2R, but probably a little more robust as it's more remote- weather will dictate some items as well.Art- I'll start a tentative list in my first post.btw a balmy -13 this morning, forecast high of 2- have been hitting the treadmill this week-sadly :(MIke
If we camp in the South Campground (main park), the Grotto is roughly 4 miles away by slightly downhill paved road. You could walk back to camp, possibly catch a park shuttle, or hitch a ride.The finish at the East Rim is a decent place to leave cars. There's a picnic table and space to hang out for people waiting around. You could leave coolers, spare clothes and chairs in the cars and even set up a makeshift little camp there.I have three different shuttle companies lined up, I can call and get details whenever if we need them.I'm having deja vu writing this….We've already been through it last fall in that other thread… :)
I am equally OK with either direction (East-West or West-East) as long as all of us at the starting line fully understand what the day could bring. The fast guys seem to go in both directions, with a slight preference for East-West, so I don't think either direction is much faster. A main concern for me is Skurka's description of route finding issues on that 5 mile section near the West end, but in reading trip reports no one else seems to mention it.So Logistics and Shuttles should probably dictate direction.For those not certain of their ability to run the whole course, a West to East run probably makes more sense.on a side note : Eugeneyour signing up for that Black Canyon 100K sparked my interest and I looked it up.seems like a nice course. talked with John V. there is a chance John and I may enter and run, its a 6 hour drive for us. Odds are greater than zero but less than 50-50 at this point. I am typically still out of shape in February, John will race any time and he has that weekend free. He also knows the Coury brothers (Jamil and Nick) both are hard core ultra guys, and has run several of their races. One of our issues with the race is its a point to point and there is no transportation back to the start.so anyway ... maybe.
Edited by asandh on 12/05/2013 11:26:24 MST.
So my friend Scott is out, and Sandra D is out.Looks like I'll be making my way out there solo. Is it too early (or too late??) to try and catch a ride with any of you guys from somewhere around Vegas? I'll likely fly into the Vegas airport. I'm happy to share travel expenses from there.
Jacob, its way too early for me to say what my situation will be, but if I do end up driving my own vehicle out there, I'll be glad to scoop you up! My only caveat would be that I will be trying to be there an extra day when everybody is there. I cant wait!
Jacob, its a little too early for me to tell as well.My family was originally going to come with me but it turns out my kids have spring break two weeks before I do. We might pull them out of school and come as a family anyway.If not, I assume I'd drive up with Adan, providing he's not taking family. I'm certainly willing to pick you up in Vegas if I can. We'll try and firm it up in plenty of time for you to make flight arrangements...
On too early. I will likely fly into Vegas. For the R2R2R my wife also came along. Once we are a little closer and no injuries pop up then we can lock in arrangements. Why does my knee hurt?
Reading through everyone's posts, going West -> East sounds like the best decision for all involved, whether that be runner, potential crew or support member of some kind (ie. family or friend), shuttle service, etc. It just makes sense. I haven't seen a speck of Zion, so the entire experience will be eye opening no matter which direction we decide to go.Having the "bailout" option at mile ~35 if anyone of us can't safely make the full traverse is a nice Plan B and adds an additional safety net in the event the day turns for the worse. That said, running/hiking 47 miles is supposed to hurt and stretch us thin, so I'm really hoping I'll have the mental resolve to abstain from prematurely cutting the run short for the tempting warmth and comfort of a convenient shuttle up to camp! @Art, Sweet! I would love to see both of you guys out there. My friend Dan Carter, you may remember him from the R2R2R, is planning on either running the race if he's healthy by then or being out there to hang out and possibly crew if needed. Another friend of mine from ABQ is also planning to run the race. The timing of the Black Canyon 100K is ideally situated for our run at Zion in April. If all goes well (*ahem....knock knock), I plan to recover for a solid two weeks after the 100K, then slowly resume maintaing base fitness through all of March for Zion. BIG assumptions on my part, come April I may be eating crow, but that's the extent of my training plan at this point.
I am keeping a close eye on this trip. A lot is up in the air for me right now but I hope to be more settled come spring. I would also be flying into Vegas and hoping to hitch a ride with someone passing through. I am happy to throw in for travel costs.This past weekend I went on my second run since the last Joshua Tree outing. I ran interval sprints at the track one day and 5 miles cross-country the next and felt great. Most of my training has been in the weight room and on the trail but I plan to maintain the lifting and do some backcountry skiing, snowshoeing and running to improve my fitness. I have only seen Zion from the car on a family road trip. This should be vastly superior way to see the park. You guys continue to inspire me to improve with your training and races.
Adan/Craig,Thanks guys, sounds like we should be able to work something out as the date gets closer.David,I forgot that you were thinking about doing this... that would be cool. You're fairly burly... you can probably hike it faster than I can run it :)Training on flat ground doesn't leave me very inspired. I have some great hills right across the street from my new place; a perfect training grounds. Now if only I can get my butt moved in over there...
My unsolicited opinion:Go W to E. Get the less interesting stuff out of the way first. Hire a shuttle (I've used ZAC in the past with fine results). Camp at that private CG just outside the East Entrance so folks can walk it in. I'm pretty sure you get cell service there, so anyone who bails to Springdale can get rescued. You want to make bailing possible, but crappy. If you're camped by headquarters the attrition rate will be high.The worst part by far will be the descent into the main canyon. Think of running down the South Kaibab trail if it were paved. Ouch. Hint, the steepest part of the climb up to the east rim is at the very end.This is tempting. Would be nice to meet you all.
Dave- thanks, didn't even know there was a campground outside the East entrance- must be this one:http://www.zionponderosa.com/camping.htmthat definitely is an option to consider, it was definitely nice making it back to camp on foot power at Joshua TreeI'm more than likely driving from Helena and should have room if you get the urge :)Mike
The Ponderosa is a good 30 minutes (driving) from the east entrance. You want this: http://zionrv.com/Will keep that in mind Mike, a very generous offer.
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Notwithstanding section 8504 of this title, Federal service and Federal wages not previously assigned shall be assigned to the State in which the claimant first files claim for unemployment compensation after his latest discharge or release from Federal service. This assignment is deemed as assignment under section 8504 of this title for the purpose of this subchapter.
Source(Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 591; Pub. L. 94–566, title I, § 116(e)(5),Oct. 20, 1976, 90 Stat. 2673.)
|U.S. Code
|Revised Statutes and Statutes at Large
|42 U.S.C. 1371(e).
|Aug. 28, 1958, Pub. L. 85–848, § 3 "Sec. 1511(e)", 72 Stat. 1088.
|Sept. 13, 1960, Pub. L. 86–778, § 542(c)(2), 74 Stat. 986.
Standard changes are made to conform with the definitions applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface to the report.
1976—Pub. L. 94–566struck out "or to the Virgin Islands, as the case may be," after "shall be assigned to the State".
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My Feathered Friends twin sleeping bag was stolen and I'm looking to replace it. We camp down into the 20's and are both over 6ft3" (193cm) so we need a long. I've been researching and came up with thesehttp://featheredfriends.com/index.php/penguin-20-sleeping-bag-1212.htmlhttp://zpacks.com/quilts/twinquilt.shtmlhttp://www.jacksrbetter.com/shop/the-mt-rogers-large-quilt/http://www.westernmountaineering.com/index.cfm?section=Products&page=Sleeping%20Bags&cat=Microfiber%20Series&ContentId=36Are there any that I am missing?Any experience with any of these?Thanks,Tim
Nunatak makes one as well, so you may want to check them out. I haven't used any, but the Jacks are better is significantly cheaper but narrow. I think the zpacks looks the best overall for a quilt. I am interested to see what others think.
My girlfriend and I love our Enlightened Equipment double Rev-X that Tim made for us, great price point, beautifully built and warm as anything. Light too, when you consider that it takes the place of 2 bags. I would highly recommend EE if you're looking for a new double.
+1 on the Enlightened Equipment double Rev-X quiltExcellent quality, price and comfort.
Thanks you two for calling Enlightened Eqpt to my attn. I asked Tim for a quote "I can do a 70" wide custom with ~60" footbox. In 6'6" and 20* it costs $270 and weighs ~33oz. I can only make it in yellow or lime green, or a combo of that due to material widths. "The zpacks twin is 84" wide so there is a big difference and I'm worried about being cramped in the Enlightened Eqpt. We both use large neoair pads so that is 50" already, and then if you add a side sleeper on their side, 20" I calculate that the sides will start to lift up and no longer be on the pad, causing drafts.Can either of you comment on this?
You can't go wrong with Tim's quilts.
To get an idea for size try blankets and duvets you may have around your house.A queen bed is 60" wide. A double bed is 54" wide. A duvet for a queen bed is 88" wide, A duvet for a double is 79" wide.The 70" of the EE quilt seems tight to me with 50" of pads. But try pinning up mockups at home to get a feel for it.
great idea thankstim
How did you go with trialling widths Tim? Does the EE double quilt still have a zippered footbox?Its good news that EE can do a double...I much prefer their price points and I've always really admired their quilts, especially as they now have a nice new pad strapping system. We have ordered our neoairs so I'd much prefer a quilt that I can mate successfully to them.We are also hoping to fit our baby in there for co-sleeping too. I think once we have the neoairs and I velcro them together we can have a better play with the three of us in there with some sheets.Cheers,Adam
Sorry, I missed replying earlier to this thread.We use two women's Prolite pads under the EE Double Quilt and have not had a draft issue.However, we sleep together quite close and share a small single futon at home.
I have a JRB Kathdin. My wife and I used it this past spring break for some car camping. It worked pretty well but I found it just a tiny bit narrow and drafty. Now nights were in the low 30's. My wife also was using more of it than me (Cover Hog). I'm sure that with temps even just up in the 40's we would have been fine. I also have no doubt that by myself I could use this down to low teens with no problem. It is very warm. I has also worked well as an under quilt for one night of hammock camping. I have my heart set on a WM Megalite right now and my wife says not until I sell a few things so I'm probably going to try to sell the quilt.
I have an EE Rev-X in the lime green, just like Tim was offering. My girlfriend and I use it with a 25" and a 20" set of pads tied together; it works very well with few drafts.
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Live Simply™ Guitar T-Shirt (Women's) (out-of-stock)
Out of Stock Product Number: 28581
Live life unplugged.The women's Patagonia Live Simply Guitar T-Shirt is made from soft 100% organic cotton fabric with a lighter feel and easy drape. The slightly shaped tee has an athletic, Classic Boy fit and features a traditional crew neck and longer length. Artwork by Geoff McFetridge is printed using PVC- and phthalate-free inks, which are easier on the environment. Taped shoulder seams add a clean finish.
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Made In USA
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Gender: Women's
Fit: Classic Boy fit
Technologies: [eFibers]
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Oregon State's season comes to an end in a 4-1 loss to Mississippi State.
A new startup in Corvallis born from research at Oregon State University wants a share of the $120 billion flat panel TV industry.
A motorcyclist and his passenger crashed when the bike tried to pass a car on the right on Highway 99 as the car made a righthand turn, Oregon State Police said.
Higher education officials are disputing a national survey that said Oregon State University President Ed Ray's compensation put him at No. 20 among American public university presidents.
Joel Skotte and Josh Williams are competing for the starting middle linebacker job at Oregon State.
Oregon State running back Storm Woods was held out of practice on Tuesday after suffering a concussion in Monday's practice.
The fifth-ranked Oregon State baseball team utilized a five-run first inning to cruise to an 8-0 win over Washington in the three-game series finale Sunday at Husky Ballpark.
OSU's Matt Boyd struck out eight Friday against Utah and became just the second Oregon State pitcher in the last 12 years to record multiple shutouts in one season, matching Sam Gaviglio's two in 2011 as the Beavers beat the Utes 1-0.
Oregon scores three times in the 9th inning to down Oregon State at Goss Stadium in Corvallis.
Tokatee superintendent Akoni Ganir is in Augusta, Georgia this week helping keep The Masters lush and green.
A naked woman who went on a drug-fueled rampage and made a bloody mess of a hair salon called The Rage in February will spend 18 months in jail.
The Beavers lost running back Malcom Agnew when he transferred out of the program and to Southern Illinois after last season, but the cupboard isn't bare at tailback for Oregon State.
It is déjà vu all over again for Oregon State's Jim Zalesky as he has been named the Pac-12 Conference's Head Wrestling Coach of the Year for the second straight season.
Judi Li spent her life studying insects and ecosystems. When she decided to write her first children's book, the retired Oregon State professor spent time doing extra research.
Oregon State Director of Athletics Bob De Carolis announced Thursday that baseball head coach Pat Casey has had his contract extended through the 2018 season.


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Cook Cheers Investors While Saying Very Little
In spite of the recent aggressive legal tactics by a major investor who wants to loosen Apple's grip on its cash trove, the company's shareholder meeting on Wednesday did not erupt in heated debate. Of course, David Einhorn wasn't present to make his case. For those who did attend, CEO Tim Cook was the man of the hour, exuding confidence and promising innovation -- and presumably riches to come.
Feb 28, 2013 12:17 PM PT
CEO Tim Cook presided over Apple's annual shareholder meeting on Wednesday, where he fielded questions about a lawsuit filed by activist investor David Einhorn.
In his complaint, Einhorn demanded that Apple unbundle scheduled votes that he claimed would require shareholders to consider separate matters in one ballot. Cook called the lawsuit "silly," but the judge ruled in favor of Einhorn, setting what The Wall Street Journal described as a "legal precedent in corporate governance."
Questions were also posed about Einhorn's larger issue with Apple: its firm hold on a huge stash of cash. Cook agreed that was an issue worthy of discussion and said Apple was seriously considering returning some of the cash to shareholders.
Friendly Crowd
Einhorn reportedly did not attend the meeting, and for the most part, Cook faced a friendly crowd. That reception reflects the current attitude of many Apple investors regarding the cash-versus-dividend issue, Andreas Scherer, managing partner of Salto Partners, told MacNewsWorld.
"Tim Cook has a lot of support among shareholders, even on the heels of a drop from (US)$700 a share in September of last year to the mid-four-hundreds of today," Scherer said.
"For example, Anne Simpson of CalPERS expressed regrets over Einhorn's legal move," he continued. "She acknowledged that a discussion about Apple's cash pile needs to be had but stressed that this shouldn't be done under duress."
Apple has a number of options at its disposal, noted Covestor Investment Model Manager Eric Steiman: a one-time $89 dividend; a double dividend; a one time share buyback; or ongoing share buybacks.
Apple does need to do something, Steiman emphasized. "They have too much cash, and are making too much on a quarterly basis to not repay their shareholders," he told MacNewsWorld.
In general, investors are willing to give companies that use their cash in the best interests of their shareholders a premium P/E multiple -- a fact that Apple should note, considering that its growth is slowing, Steiman pointed out.
Apple's Future Direction
This theme of slowing growth was prevalent in shareholders' questions and comments on Wednesday. Cook did his best to soothe concerns, alluding to new product development in the pipeline and assuring investors that Apple was not constraining its R&D budget in the name of stockpiling cash.
He also acknowledged the heated competition with Samsung and Android.
Cook made all the right noises at the hour-long meeting, while revealing very little about the company's plans, observed Scherer.
"The meeting was pretty much a non-event," he said.
New information about the company was never the point of this gathering, said Trip Chowdhry, managing director of equity research at Global Equities Research.
It is rare for a company to unveil news of new products or strategies at shareholder meetings, he told MacNewsWorld. What is more important is that executives project a confident and forward-looking tone, and in that respect, Cook deserves full props.
"Cook did a good job with the shareholder meeting," he said. People came away with the impression that Apple is still all about innovation -- all about creating products that move markets and change lives."
Just one head-turning product is all Apple needs to reverse its stock performance, Chowdhry maintained. "All it would take is one break-through product this year, and the stock would begin to recover immediately."


text: Dinos soccer members fight for control of the ball against a Wasatch Academy athlete during last week's match up on the Dino field. The Carbon team found themselves down, 2-0 entering the second period. The Dinos did rally a comeback and managed to score when Todd Palmer drove in a goal. Wasatch Academy answered with two more goals to defeat Carbon, 4-1. The Dinos will compete again this Wednesday at home as the team hosts Delta.


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In 1958, the Macduff distillery was founded opposite Banff, by a syndicate under the name of Macduff Distillers Ltd, the group included George Crawford, Brodie Hepburn, James Stirret and Morty Dyke. A couple of years later production commenced and, over the course of the 1960s, further stills were installed, bringing the total to four. The Macduff distillery draws its waters from the Gelly Burn and lies on the east bank of the River Deveron in Banffshire. During the 1960s, Scotch whisky exportation increased threefold. In 1972, William Lawson Distillers acquired the distillery and eight years later they, in turn, were acquired by Martini Rossi. During William Lawson's tenure, they established Macduff as a component of the William Lawson blend, a very popular Scotch whisky which sells in excess of fifteen million bottles yearly. Indeed, Macduff whisky has long since been used as a blending product. Despite this, Macduff is still bottled as a single malt, though sometimes under the name Glen Deveron. Just fewer than half a million bottles of single malt whisky are released from the distillery each year and the majority are exported to France. In 1990, a further still was added, bringing the total to five. Five is a rather unusual number of stills, indeed there is only one other distillery with a combination of two wash and three spirit stills, namely the Talisker distillery on the Isle of Skye. The Macduff distillery is currently under Bacardi ownership following their acquisition of Martini Rossi in 1992. Bacardi subsequently transferred the distillery to John Dewar and Sons.
Distillery Number
01261 812612
Distillery Founded
Distillery Capacity
3 200 000 litres
Distillery Status
Distillery Address
Banff, Aberdeenshire AB45 3JT
Distillery Owner
John Dewar & Sons Ltd
The distillery is founded by Morty Dyke, George Crawford, James Stirret and Brodie Hepburn (who is also involved in Tullibardine and Deanston) and construction starts. Macduff Distillers Ltd is the name of the company.
Construction of the distillery is complete and the first cask filling begins in June.
The number of stills is increased from two to three.
Stills now total four.
William Lawson Distillers buys the distillery from Glendeveron Distilleries.
William Lawson is bought by Martini Rossi through the subsidiary General Beverage Corporation.
A fifth still is installed.
Bacardi buys Martini Rossi (including William Lawson) and transfers Macduff to the subsidiary John Dewar & Sons.


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Helmet mounted speakers were the Fine Tuned topic of discussion in the latest issue of Adventure Cyclist magazine. Since that article, I've had a chance to play around with another bicycle speaker system, the boomBOTTLE from Scosche.
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Relax into an ideal tropical beach getaway at Hilton Phuket Arcadia Resort & Spa. Admire breathtaking views of the serene Karon beachfront, offering an idyllic destination for truly unforgettable vacations. Enjoy a wide selection of room types, recreational, spa, and culinary amenities, designed to enliven and revitalize each visit to this large resort in Phuket.
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I was referred to Dr. Jason from a friend of mine who has been a client of his for about 2 years now. My friend had raved about him and how he helped her get back into doing marathons. I went to go see him and I could not be happier. I am now back to running marathons and feeling 100%. I am so confident in Dr. Jason, he has changed my life.
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I went to Jason with muscle spasms all over my torso, he said I had lost the curve to my neck, which I did, but that wasn't what was causing me pain. He insisted his technique would fix me, but after seeing someone who uses the activator method, they found my shoulder was causing the spasm and corrected the skeletal issue. Jasons work on my neck caused further muscle spasms in my neck, which have subsided after correction ONLY to my C1 vertebrae in my neck, muscle massage, and a FULL body skeletal allignment, including my hips, knees, elbows, and further work on my shoulders.. While seeing Jason, my problems worsened, and after observing his business tactics, I realized he was throwing a sales pitch.. giving EVERY person the same treatment and advice. At the new chiropractor I see, they handle every person differently, and personally, and my chiropractor tends to my entire body. I wont say where I go, but the activator method of chiropractic has sped up my recovery ten fold.
Was this rating useful? 1 [[ userState['ratings'][468962].votes_count ]]
I met Dr. Shumard at a running event where he was giving free massages to runners. After my neck massage I signed up to visit them in his office. I have found him to be honest so far, and have no reason to believe otherwise about his practices.
Was this rating useful? 1 [[ userState['ratings'][468961].votes_count ]]
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Baltimore, MD (Sports Network) - Ray Lewis danced one final time on the M&TBank Stadium turf as the city of Baltimore celebrated the Ravens' victory inSuper Bowl XLVII with a raucous celebration on Tuesday.
An overflow crowd reveled in Sunday's 34-31 victory over the San Francisco49ers in New Orleans, which gave Baltimore its first title of any kind sincethe Ravens routed the New York Giants in Super Bowl XXXV back in January of2001, with thousands of fans lined throughout the city streets and the stadiumalso showing their appreciation for Lewis as the beloved team icon begins hisretirement after a remarkable 17-year run with the organization.
Quarterback Joe Flacco drew his share of cheers as well for his MVPperformance in Sunday's thrilling win, while safety Ed Reed added a littlesinging to Lewis' trademark "Squirrel Dance" out of the entrance tunnel bybelting out a rendition of Eddie Money's "Two Tickets to Paradise" and leadingthe familiar chorus of the White Stripes' "Seven Nation Army" during therally.
Still, the main attraction was undoubtedly Lewis, the franchise's mostdecorated and recognizable player and the only remaining member from theRavens' first Super Bowl triumph 12 years ago, as the 37-year-old concludedhis self-termed "last ride."
The two-time NFL Defensive Player of the Year and Super Bowl XXXV MVP gaveplenty of affection back to the city where he spent his entire pro careerwhile addressing the crowd at the rally.
"There is nothing in the world, there is no place on this earth, that isbetter than Baltimore," Lewis said. "We believed in each other from day one,from 1996 to now.
"The only way on my last ride to pay Baltimore back for everything you did forme and all the support you gave to me, was to bring back the Lombardi Trophyto Baltimore one more time. I love you, Baltimore. Baltimore! Forever mycity."
Reed, an impending free agent with an uncertain future with the team, took thepodium next and took a slight jab at the team the Ravens toppled to claim theLombardi Trophy.
"Who's got it better than who?," he said in a reference to 49ers head coachJim Harbaugh's famed team rallying cry of "Who's got it better than us?"
Harbaugh, of course, is the younger brother of Ravens sideline boss JohnHarbaugh, who wrapped up the festivities by leading the crowd in a team chantafter thanking the fans for their support.
"Our team, I'm talking about all of us, one of the keys was ourdetermination," said Harbaugh. "We played with incredible determination andresolve. And judging by how hard it was to get into this stadium, I would saythat's true about our fans, too. We're on the parade coming down here, andevery cranny, every sidewalk is full. Every opening where it opens up, everygrassy knoll is packed with Ravens fans. They broke down the barriers behindRay Lewis and mobbed the streets, right? They filled the streets.
"The city's going crazy! For the Ravens! The world champion Baltimore Ravens!"
The celebration began shortly before noon ET at City Hall and continued with aparade through the streets until the team reached M&T Bank Stadium.


text:
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong consists of the island of Hong Kong (32 sq mi; 83 sq km), Stonecutters' Island, Kowloon Peninsula, and the New Territories on the adjoining mainland. The island of Hong Kong was ceded to Britain in 1841. Stonecutters' Island and Kowloon were annexed in 1860, and the New Territories, which are mainly agricultural lands, were leased from China in 1898 for 99 years. On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong was returned to China. The vibrant capitalist enclave retains its status as a free port, with its laws to remain unchanged for 50 years. Its first chief executive, Tung Chee-hwa, formulated a policy agenda based on the concept of "one country, two systems," thus preserving Hong Kong's economic independence.
In a series of massive demonstrations in July 2003, more than 500,000 people took to the streets of Hong Kong to protest proposed antisubversion laws that curtailed civil rights. Surprisingly, Tung Chee-hwa scrapped the law in September. After pro-democracy parties handed pro-China parties a stunning defeat in November elections, China quickly moved to stifle the democracy movement. In April 2004, Beijing officials postponed indefinitely the expansion of the number of popularly elected legislators. Hundreds of thousands protested. Pro-democracy candidates took about 60% of the popular vote in Sept. 2004 elections, but Beijing's legislative system granted them only 40% of the seats in the legislature.
Donald Tsang, with the backing of Beijing, was overwhelmingly reelected as chief executive in March 2007. Tsang was challenged by Alan Leong, the former leader of the Hong Kong Bar Association and an advocate for voting rights in Hong Kong.
China said in December 2007 that Hong Kong citizens will directly elect the chief executive in 2017 elections and the legislature by 2020. However, the candidates will have been approved by the Chinese government. Under the current system, an election committee loyal to the Chinese government elects the chief executive, and a body made up of pro-China business groups elects half of the legislators.
In June and July 2014, the pro-democracy group called Occupy Central held an unofficial referendum on how the island's chief executive will be elected in 2017. About 90% of the 800,000 who voted endorsed giving citizens direct say in the election. Weeks of pro-democracy protests followed the referendum. In late August, China's National People's Congress Standing Committee ruled that the 1,200-member election committee would vote on candidates for chief executive, and those garnering votes from more than half of the committee could run. The decision sparked much larger protests, which intensified throughout September, with tens of thousands of demonstrators shutting down the heart of the business district. On September 28, police in riot gear cracked down on protesters, using tear gas and batons. Despite the violence, protesters returned to the streets. About 100,000 protesters turned out after the crackdown and set up camps surrounded by metal barricades on highways and streets near government buildings and crowded business districts. The protests threatened the stability of the financial hub.
The protests continued into October, but the number of people participating dwindled. On October 21, student protesters and government officials held a televised, two-hour meeting. Little progress was made, as Carrie Lam, the Hong Kong official who headed the talks, said the two sides must "agree to disagree." Nevertheless, the talks were notable for occurring at all.
In November, police, acting on a court order, began dismantling the barricades. They initially met little resistance from protesters, whose numbers have dwindled and who have lost support of residents as it became increasingly clear that the government would not budge on the election issue. But their effort to take down barricades in the Mong Kok district was met with resistance, and police used tear gas on the demonstrators. Dozens of protesters were arrested. In a move that signalled the end of the protests, police cleared tents from the main protest area in mid-December, ten weeks after the protests began. The Chinese government refused to make any concessions, but the protesters made clear that they have been emboldened to challenge the government. These were the largest protests since the 1989 Tiananmen Square demonstrations.
Hong Kong's Legislative Council rejected a proposal for universal suffrage put forth by the Chinese government in June 2015. Under the plan, voters would be allowed to vote in the 2017 election for chief executive. There would be three candidates, who had been approved by the nominating committee that is made up of government loyalists. As a result of the vote, the committee will select the new chief executive from a pool of candidates. Pro-democracy demonstrators said the plan fell short of true suffrage.
See also Encyclopedia: Hong Kong
More on Hong Kong from Infoplease:


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12 U.S. Code § 1789 - Administrative provisions
(a) In carrying out the purposes of this subchapter, the Board may—
(2) sue and be sued, complain and defend, in any court of law or equity, State or Federal. All suits of a civil nature at common law or in equity to which the Board shall be a party shall be deemed to arise under the laws of the United States, and the United States district courts shall have original jurisdiction thereof, without regard to the amount in controversy. The Board may, without bond or security, remove any such action, suit, or proceeding from a State court to the United States district court for the district or division embracing the place where the same is pending by following any procedure for removal now or hereafter in effect, except that any such suit to which the Board is a party in its capacity as liquidating agent of a State-chartered credit union and which involves only the rights or obligations of members, creditors, and such State credit union under State law shall not be deemed to arise under the laws of the United States. No attachment or execution shall be issued against the Board or its property before final judgment in any suit, action, or proceeding in any State, county, municipal, or United States court. The Board shall designate an agent upon whom service of process may be made in any State, territory, or jurisdiction in which any insured credit union is located;
(3) pursue to final disposition by way of compromise or otherwise claims both for and against the United States (other than tort claims, claims involving administrative expenses, and claims in excess of $5,000 arising out of contracts for construction, repairs, and the purchase of supplies and materials) which are not in litigation and have not been referred to the Department of Justice;
(4) to appoint such officers and employees as are not otherwise provided for in this chapter, to define their duties, fix their compensation, require bonds of them and fix the penalty thereof, and to dismiss at pleasure such officers or employees. Nothing in this chapter or any other Act shall be construed to prevent the appointment and compensation as an officer or employee of the Administration of any officer or employee of the United States in any board, commission, independent establishment, or executive department thereof;
(5) employ experts and consultants or organizations thereof, as authorized by section 3109 of title 5;
(6) prescribe the manner in which its general business may be conducted and the privileges granted to it by law may be exercised and enjoyed;
(7) exercise all powers specifically granted by the provisions of this subchapter and such incidental powers as shall be necessary to carry out the power so granted;
(8) make examinations of and require information and reports from insured credit unions, as provided in this subchapter;
(10) delegate to any officer or employee of the Administration such of its functions as it deems appropriate; and
(b) With respect to the financial operations arising by reason of this subchapter, the Board shall—
(1) prepare annually and submit a business-type budget as provided for wholly owned Government corporations by chapter 91 of title 31; and
[1] See References in Text note below.
Source(June 26, 1934, ch. 750, title II, § 209, as added Pub. L. 91–468, § 1(3),Oct. 19, 1970, 84 Stat. 1014; amended Pub. L. 93–604, title VII, § 706,Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1964; Pub. L. 95–630, title V, § 502(b),Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3681; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b),July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814; Pub. L. 109–351, title VII, § 726(24),Oct. 13, 2006, 120 Stat. 2003.)
References in Text
Section 9105 of title 31, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was amended generally by Pub. L. 101–576, title III, § 305,Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2853, and as so amended no longer directs audits to be conducted in accordance with principles and procedures applicable to commercial corporate transactions.
In subsec. (a)(5), "section 3109 of title 5" substituted for "section 15 of the Administrative Expenses Act of 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a)" on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, § 7(b),Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
In subsec. (b), "chapter 91 of title 31" and "section 9105 of title 31" substituted for "the Government Corporation Control Act [31 U.S.C. 841 et seq.]" and "section 105 of the Government Corporation Control Act [31 U.S.C. 850]", respectively, on authority of Pub. L. 97–258, § 4(b),Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1067, the first section of which enacted Title 31, Money and Finance.
2006—Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 109–351substituted a semicolon for period at end.
2004—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 108–271substituted "Government Accountability Office" for "General Accounting Office".
1978—Pub. L. 95–630substituted "Board" for "Administrator" wherever appearing, "its" for "his", and "it" for "he" and "him", where appropriate.
1975—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 93–604substituted "audited by the General Accounting Office" for "audited annually by the General Accounting Office".
Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 95–630effective on expiration of 120 days after Nov. 10, 1978, and transitional provisions, see section 509 ofPub. L. 95–630, set out as a note under section 1752 of this title.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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I voted for 2, cl_timenudge 0, cl_autotimenudge 0, as well as cl_autotimenudge 1. If I'm in an 80+ ping server I'll use autotimenudge, but otherwise it's off.
I voted for 2, cl_timenudge 0, cl_autotimenudge 0, as well as cl_autotimenudge 1. If I'm in an 80+ ping server I'll use autotimenudge, but otherwise it's off.
Have a nice FALL!
(o^.^o) PIKA PIKA!
The Search Bar is your friend...use it.
Problem? Check here!
Tastyspleen TastyCast
Why CTF4 is bad
Client side hit detection is an easy way for almost perfect hit feeling. No shot-throughs, only the rare caused by clientside errors - framerate stuttering, lost packets and blinking
There are a few problems with it, the main is that the client has to be trustworthy.
I doubt it will ever be used in QL because
1. It would require considerable amount of devs work.
2. The main effect would be a lot of whine:
- aiming with client side detection is a bit different, in QL you apply small temporal adjustment to the shots.
- it would influence lg fights, dodging with most pings would be impossible.
Play with timenudge 0 for hitscan weapons (smoother movement for tracking) then I play with -20 for projectile weapons
Client-side hit detection does weird things.
You can shoot your enemy, get fragmessage and immediately die because he hit you first, but his connection is slower and packets arrived few milliseconds later.
Real life? Life is real?!
Noone answered my questions. lol
Many are personal preference.I was wondering what was the best network settings to play.
This is fine.I have 125 FPS on all maps, so i use cl_maxpackets 125 and rate 25000.
Me too.Is it good ? I think, yes.
They will not allow you to shoot faster.What about shooting faster with cl_timenudge ? cl_autotimenudge ? cg_projectilenudge ?
Mostly personal preference.Should i use cl_timenudge -20 or -10 or 0 ?
One of my very possibly incorrect interpretations of the q3 source suggests that with its drift control function, certain numbers might be smoother due to working with whole frames. With sv_fps 40 there is a server update every 25 ms, and at 125 fps there's a frame every 8 ms. So, 25 - 8 = 17, and 25 - 16 = 9. So tn values of -17, -9, and -1, 0, may be smoother than other values.
This very well may be totally placebo, and even if it wasn't I'm not sure the difference is that great.
I'm using -9 for all weapons except for the PG at -17, and the LG+RG at 0.
I don't know much about it, but the tiny bit of testing I did with it suggests that the effect is too strong. Some players recommended using it only on very laggy servers, above 80 ms. I'd have to personally recommend 0 at this time until I have more information.Should i use cl_autotimenudge 1 or 0 ?
The effect of this cvar is rather subtle, but I still recommend setting it to your current ping. If I pinged 50 on one server and 30 on another, I would probably just set it to 50 and forget about it.Should i use cg_projectilenudge 0 to 80 ? i have 30ping and 50 on another server.
You can use projectilenudge and any value of timenudge as they don't affect one another.Can i use all them at same time ?
I believe that cl_AutoTimenudge when set to 1 overrides the current value of timenudge whatever it may be though.
Keep in mind that traditionally there were very few options in the menu, and most settings had to be done with the console. Looks like these cvars simply haven't made it into the menu yet.I am a bit lost here, and why the commands are not in the in-game menu ?
okay new question, what if i have 28ms ping ? should i use tn -20 instead of -17 ?
with cg_projectilenudge 28 ?
edit : i will try some settings to see what's the best for me
edit2 : tn -17 looks a bit less laggy
Last edited by rootsra; 11-10-2012 at 05:34 PM.


text:
Akribos XXIV
Women's Rose Gold & White Watch
$90 Gilt
- Color:
- white
Qty: 1
- 1
- 2
- 3
Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
- White ceramic case with white enamel and mother of pearl dial, date window between 4 and 5 o'clock, rose gold ionic plated stainless steel bezel, and diamond markers
- Total diamond carat weight is 0.04
- White ceramic bracelet with butterfly clasp closure
- Japanese quartz movement
- Water resistance tested at 10M
- Case measures 39mm (1½ inches) wide
- Bracelet measures 18mm (0.70 inches) wide
- 2 year limited manufacturer warranty
- Note: IP or ionic plating is a process that is primarily used for wear resistance and corrosion protection
Material: Rose gold ionic plated stainless steel, mother of pearl, ceramic, and diamond
Brand: Akribos XXIV
Origin: Imported


text: Chart your OR career Chart your OR career with AORN's Career Pathway Tool. Select where you are on your career path today or where you'd like to go. Career Pathway guides you through the steps to becoming a perioperative RN or advancing your career at any point with useful information and links to key resources. Career Pathway Resources Find a job Post a job Work at AORN Salary Survey and Online Calculator CNOR Certification Periop Leaders RN Educators


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School Census Records at TSLA
Most "school census records" or "scholastic population" census records are 20th century records, the result of a law passed by the General Assembly in 1945 (Public Chapter 141). The law required the enumeration of children under 18, listing the full name, date of birth, age, gender, nationality, place of residence, name and address of parent or responsible adult, name and location of the school attended, distance of school from the home, and name and address of the employer of any child. These school census records begin in 1946; the last one was in 1968. Availability varies from county to county.
The State Library and Archives also has some school census records from the 19th century. These are few and far between, and vary in completeness.
For more information on school census records, and a sample page, see Shirley Wilson's article "Tennessee's Scholastic Census Records" in Middle Tennessee Genealogy, v. 6, #2, Fall, 1992, pp. 65-66.
The following list indicates available records by county. Most are on microfilm, but some are published. If the list is published, the publication title (and volume, date and pages if a periodical) is indicated, as well as the TSLA call number. The TSLA microfilm roll number is given for the lists on microfilm. The size of the film is noted (16m or 35m) for ease in purchasing copies of entire rolls.
Books and periodicals with school census information can be searched by TSLA staff. E-mail your request to TSLA with the name of the individual you are researching; please be sure to include the title and call number of the book or periodical. Due to the number of requests received daily, we ask that you only submit one request at a time for a single name to be searched in one published source. Only one request will be handled at a time. Please do not send a second search request while you have a request pending. Please do not send several searches in separate e-mail messages, or a request that asks to search multiple names. When you receive a reply to your first look-up, you may send in your next look-up request, and so on. TSLA can, for a fee, photocopy all of the listings for one specified surname.
School census microfilm reels which have been indexed can, for a fee, be searched by TSLA staff. Please go to Genealogical Services Provided by Mail -- County Records for instructions on ordering a search. We will not search unindexed school census records.
The microfilmed school census records are not available for interlibrary loan. Patrons are welcome to come in to TSLA and search these materials themselves. Microfilm reels with the school census records are available for purchase from TSLA.
Anderson County
Benton County
Carroll County
Chester County
Clay County
Cocke County
Cocke County
Cumberland County
Davidson County
Dickson County
Dyer County
Fayette County
Fentress County
Franklin County
Giles County
Hamblen County
Hardeman County
Hawkins County
Haywood County
Henderson County
Humphreys County
Lauderdale County
Lawrence County
McNairy County
Macon County
Madison County
Maury County
Maury County
Meigs County
Monroe County
Morgan County
Obion County
Rhea County
Robertson County
Unicoi County
Van Buren County
Wayne County
Williamson County
Wilson County
Research prepared by Mai Thacker / Updated August 3, 2012


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Seeing an animal in the wild is an often rare, but always beautiful experience. Even more so with such a majestic species as the North American elk.
Pennsylvania is the home to the largest herd of elk in the northeastern United States, so you'll have a great chance to get a close look at these magnificent animals.
Zach McCloskey is an Education Specialist with the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.
"Such a large majestic animal to be roaming the hills of Pennsylvania, it's something completely unique, and a lot of people still don't know about it," says McCloskey. "People just love the elk, they fall in love with them."
But the chance to fall in love with the elk almost never happened, as the tremendous success story that is the elk herds of Pennsylvania was very nearly a tragedy.
Back in the late 1800's, the native species, the Eastern elk, was completely exterminated. Vast herds once roamed free throughout portions of the Atlantic coast, from as far north as northern New York, to as far south as Central Georgia.
Hunting and habitat destruction took its inevitable toll on the population, and in 1877 it was said the last Pennsylvania elk was killed by a hunter. Ironically, an exploding population out west led to the re-establishment of elk in Pennsylvania.
"They were looking for states to take some elk and reintroduce them back to their native areas," says McCloskey. "So in 1913, a program began with 50 elk trained in from Yellowstone National Park, and released not far from here in Benezette and the Dent's Run area. So they brought them back, and over a period of about 13 years, they reintroduced 177 elk."
The story could easily have ended there, as the population , for a number of reasons, began to ebb, until only about 40 remained by 1973. Things began to look up for the elk after that, as state agencies began an active management plan to help restore the herds.
"A lot more was learned about elk habitat," says McCloskey. "They're different than deer here in Pennsylvania, they're primarily grazers, so more habitat was added. Also, a lot of strip mine reclamation projects happened. When they're converted and cleaned up, it turned into great elk habitat, and that really accounted for a lot of success and growth of the herd, just better management and better habitat."
And that success has been nothing short of amazing! The Elk's numbers have grown to almost a thousand, and a drive through the appropriately named Elk County provides a wildlife lover's bonanza!
There's been a economic windfall as well.
The surrounding towns benefit from the influx of tourists, and there's even a beautiful new visitor's center that opened in 2010.
The center was funded by a unique public and private partnership, and was an immediate hit, proving that ecology and economy can co-exist.
Rawley Cogan is the President and CEO of the Keystone Elk Alliance, one of the groups instrumental in construction of the Visitor's Center.
"Last year alone, 217,000 people through our doors, generating lots of jobs, and generating lots of revenue," says Cogan. "It's spinning the wheels of economic development in eco-tourism. We like to call it marrying up of conservation and economic development."
The visitor's center provides a wonderful interactive environment in which to learn about the elk. Education is the key, one almost as important as the surrounding habitat in keeping the herds healthy.
"Education is our number one priority, which is why we have this facility," says Cogan. "We feel if people understand elk country, if they understand what elk country is all about, then they're more likely to support our efforts to conserve and enhance Pennsylvania's elk Country."
The small town of Benezette is the best place to observe the herds. The surrounding area is closed off to the limited hunting season, a sanctuary of sorts that makes finding these graceful giants almost easy.
Watching the elk meandering free through the country side is an almost transcendant experience, and an affirmation that men and animals can co-exist peacefully, and to each other's benefit.
McCloskey agrees.
"Bringing people in here and educating them about conservation is very important, but also, again, that's bringing them here. They're supporting local businesses, they're also giving money back that goes right into the land, into conservation, right back to the animals and the natural resources."
"What we're trying to do is get people to think bigger, get people to think here are the life requisite that elk need, and they're pretty much the same as what man needs," says Cogan. "If we take care of this place, we'll take care of ourselves, we want people to think on a little higher level in terms of let's be good stewards of the land."
The Elk Country Visitor's Center is the perfect spot to begin your journey to discover the Pennsylvania elk. You can visit their website here.