text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|5 Sep 2002
|Fecha de presentación
|2 Mar 2001
|Fecha de prioridad
|1 Mar 2001
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Robert Burgermeister
|Cesionario original
|Robert Burgermeister
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|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citada por (32), Clasificaciones (24), Eventos legales (4)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
[0001] A stent is commonly used as a tubular structure left inside the lumen of a duct to relieve an obstruction. Commonly, stents are inserted into the lumen in a non-expanded form and are then expanded autonomously (or with the aid of a second device) in situ. A typical method of expansion occurs through the use of a catheter mounted angioplasty balloon, which is inflated within the stenosed vessel or body passageway, in order to shear and disrupt the obstructions associated with the wall components of the vessel and to obtain an enlarged lumen.
[0002] In the absence of a stent, restenosis may occur as a result of elastic recoil of the stenotic lesion. Although a number of stent designs have been reported, these designs have suffered from a number of limitations. These include restrictions on the dimension of the stent.
[0003] Other stents are described as longitudinally flexible but consist of a plurality of cylindrical elements connected together. This design has at least one important disadvantage, for example, according to this design, protruding edges occur when the stent is flexed around a curve raising the possibility of inadvertent retention of the stent on plaque deposited on arterial walls. This may cause the stent to form emboli or move out of position and further cause damage to the interior lining of healthy vessels.
[0004] Thus, stents are known in the art. Such stents may be expanded during or just after balloon angioplasty. As a general rule, the manufacture of a stent will need to compromise axial flexibility in order to permit expansion and provide overall structural integrity.
[0005] Prior stents have had a first end and a second end with an intermediate section between the two ends. The stent further has a longitudinal axis and comprises a plurality of longitudinally disposed bands, wherein each band defines a generally continuous wave along a line segment parallel to the longitudinal axis. A plurality of links maintains the bands in a tubular structure. In a further embodiment of the invention, each longitudinally disposed band of the stent is connected, at a plurality of periodic locations, by a short circumferential link to an adjacent band. The wave associated with each of the bands has approximately the same fundamental spatial frequency in the intermediate section, and the bands are so disposed that the waves associated with them are spatially aligned so as to be generally in phase with one another. The spatial aligned bands are connected, at a plurality of periodic locations, by a short circumferential link to an adjacent band.
[0006] In particular, at each one of a first group of common axial positions, there is a circumferential link between each of a first set of adjacent pairs of bands.
[0007] At each one of a second group of common axial positions, there is a circumferential link between each of a second set of adjacent rows of bands, wherein, along the longitudinal axis, a common axial position occurs alternately in the first group and in the second group, and the first and second sets are selected so that a given band is linked to a neighboring band at only one of the first and second groups of common axial positions.
[0008] Furthermore, this stent can be modified to provide for bifurcated access, whereas the stent itself is uniform throughout. If the manufacturer designs such a stent to have an large enough opening, then it is possible to place the stent such that a pair of stents can be placed one through the other. In this fashion, the stents are capable of being placed at a bifurcation, without any welding or any special attachments. An interlocking mechanism can be incorporated into the stent design to cause the stent to interlock at the desired position during assembly of the device.
[0009] Further, a metallic stent has been designed which contains a repeating closed loop feature. The stent is designed such that the closed loop does not change dimensions during expansion. The composite stent is created by filling the area enclosed by the loops with a material that enhances clinical performance of the stent. The material may be a ceramic or a polymer, and may be permanent or absorbable, porous or nonporous and may contain one or more of the following: a therapeutic agent, a radio-opaque dye, a radioactive material, or a material capable of releasing a therapeutic agent, such as rapamycin, cladribine, heparin, nitrous oxide or any other know drugs, either alone or in combination.
[0010] It has been seen, however, that it may be desirable to provide for stents that have both flexibility to navigate a tortuous lesion as well as increased column strength to maintain the rigidity necessary after emplacement into the lumen of the body. The preferred designs tend to provide the flexibility via undulating longitudinal connectors. The rigidity is generally provided via the mechanism of slotted tubular stents. It is perceived that there may be mechanisms capable of enhancing the characteristics of these types of stents. Such a stent would be both flexible in delivery and rigid upon emplacement.
[0011] Furthermore, it is desirable to be able to produce stents in which the cross-sectional profile of either the struts or the connecting members is tapered (or variable) in size. In addition, it may be desirable to modify stents to have non-rectangular cross-sections. In both these cases, different manufacturing methods may aid in the creation of such stents.
[0012] It is an object of the invention to provide a stent having has relatively little foreshortening.
[0013] It is an object of the invention to provide a stent having an enhanced degree of flexibility.
[0014] It is an object of the invention to provide such a stent while diminishing any compromise in the stent's structural rigidity upon expansion.
[0015] It is a further object of the invention to provide a novel method for manufacturing stents.
[0016] These and other objects of the invention are described in the following specification. As described herein, a preferred embodiment of a stent provides for a device that contains a flexible section and a folded strut section. The folded strut section opens (like a flower) upon expansion. This folded strut section provides both structural rigidity and reduction in foreshortening of the stent mechanism. The flexible section provides flexibility for delivery of the stent mechanism.
[0017] In a second embodiment of the device, there is a columnar section and a flexible section. The columnar section provides for a device that lengthens in the longitudinal direction upon expansion. The flexible section provides for a section that shortens somewhat in the longitudinal direction upon expansion. As a result, there is no shortening or lengthening of the stent during expansion. The flexible section columns are angled, one with respect to the other, and also with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stent, in order to provide flexibility during delivery. This arrangement also to also provide additional resistance to the balloon to prevent "dogboning" of the stent on the balloon during delivery and slippage of the balloon along the stent. These relatively flexible sections are oppositely phased with respect to one another in order to negate any torsion along their length. These flexible sections can further be crimped onto the balloon catheter with a generally smaller profile than prior stent, so that the retention of the stent on the balloon is increased.
[0018] In yet another embodiment of the stent of the present invention, the flexible connector can take on an undulating shape (like an "N"), but such that the longitudinal axis of the connector is not parallel with the longitudinal axis of the stent. In this fashion, the flexibility is controlled in a pre-selected axis, which is not the longitudinal axis of the stent. Such an arrangement may be desired, for instance, when one chooses to place a stent in a particularly configured vasculature that has been predetermined by known means, such as intravascular ultrasound ("IVUS.")
[0019] In still a further embodiment of the present invention, there are provided "living hinge" connectors, which connect the generally flexible connectors to the stronger radial strut members. These living hinges accomplish a number of the same characteristics found in the prior embodiments disclosed herein. First, because the living hinges tend to expand upon inflation, foreshortening of the length of the stent is further reduced. Second, there is a combined radial strength provided at the intersection between the living hinges and the radial strut members. This creates a small "hoop," which is further resistant to kinking or collapse in situ. Third, as a corollary to the second attribute described above, the living hinge connectors provide for reduced strain along an equivalent length of stent.
[0020] In yet another preferred embodiment of the stent of the present invention, the connection point between the radial members and the connector members is moved to a position along the length of a radial strut. Typically, the connection may be placed at a position somewhere midway along the length of the strut. By moving the connection point of the flex connectors closer to the midpoint of the radial ring one can address foreshortening in an controlled fashion. In fact, balloon interaction aside, the connector does not have to stretch to compensate for foreshortening. When the flex connectors are connected at the midpoint of the radial ring, the distance/length through the middle portion of the stent between radial rings will remain unchanged. This is because the midpoint stays relativiely in the same position while the radial arcs of each strut move closer to the midpoint from both sides. By moving the location of the flex connector attachment beyond the mid-point of a strut, to the opposing side, one can actually capitilize on the strut moving closer to the midpoint and thus lengthen the stent upon expansion.
[0021] In addition, in the present embodiment described, adjacent radially rings start out of phase in the unexpanded state. Due to the diagonal oreintation of the connection points of the flexible connectors, upon expansion the radial rings tend to align themselves ("in" phase.) This results in more uniform cell space and thus improved scaffolding of the vessel. Further, there is described a "wavy" strut configuration, thereby facilitating both a reduced crimp profile for attaching the flexible connectors at or near a strut mid-point and reduced strain upon expansion, due to the strut itself contributing to a portion of the expansion.
[0022] Finally, a new method is disclosed for making stents. In this method there is novel photochemical machining of a cylindrical tube. The method consists of performing a standard photochemical machining process of cutting, cleaning and coating the tube with a photoresist. However, unlike former methods, the photoresist image is developed on the surface of the cylindrical metallic tube, which results in a controlled variable etching rate at selected sites on the cylindrical metallic tube during the etching process. The photoresist image consists of a series of circular regions of photoresist of varying diameters configured at varying distances along the stent. As the diameter of the circular photoresist pattern decreases and the distance between the circular photoresist patterns along the stent increases, the etch rate of the device increases. The photoresist pattern variation results in a variation in the metal removed during the etching process.
[0023] This process can be used to locally change the geometry of the cylindrical metallic tube. An advantage seen by this process is the ability to manufacture a tapered strut along the stent. Further, struts of cylindrical or other non-rectangular cross-section can be manufactured. In addition, surface contours can be placed on the stent, for instance, to allow for a reservoir to be placed in the stent to deliver drugs.
[0024] These and further objects of the invention will be seen from the following drawings and Detailed Description of the Invention.
[0025]FIG. 1 is a plan view of a stent embodying the invention;
[0026]FIG. 2 and 3 are plan views of an alternative embodiment of a stent of the invention;
[0027]FIG. 4 is a plan view of yet another embodiment of a stent of the invention;
[0028]FIG. 5 is a close up of the identified section of FIG. 4 taken along lines b-b of FIG. 4;
[0029]FIG. 6 is a schematic of a photoresist pattern formed on the stent in order to perform a method for making the stent as described in the invention;
[0030]FIG. 7 is a plan view of yet another alternate embodiment of the present invention;
[0031]FIG. 8 is a plan view of a further alternate embodiment of the present invention; and
[0032]FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematics of the theory behind expansion of the stent of FIG. 8.
[0033] As can be seen in FIG. 1, there is described a cylindrical stent 10 which has a series of folded strut sections 20 connected by a series of flexible sections 30. The folded strut sections 20 comprise a generally folded strut member 25 having a pair of ends 24, 26. Each of the pair of ends 24, 26 is connected to another folded strut member 25 and also to the end of a flexible member 35. Thus, each end 34, 36 of a flexible member 35 is connected to two ends 24, 26 of a folded strut 25 section member.
[0034] Each of the folded struts 25 takes on a generally irregular pattern. On the other hand, each of the flexible sections 35 takes on a generally undulating pattern. The folded strut sections 20 wrap circumferentially around the cylindrical shape of the stent 10. Each flexible section 30 also connects to a folded strut section 20 around the circumference of the stent. It will be noticed that each adjacent flexible section 30 is positioned 180° out of phase with each other.
[0035] The longitudinal lengths of the folded struts 20 are short enough to give a smooth profile when the stent is bent. The folded strut 20 allows for a large diametrical expansion range upon expansion. So, upon expansion, the folded struts 20 expand circumferentially and become hoop-like so that maximum radial strength is achieved. The flexible members 30 placed between the folded struts improve the stent deliverability in the unexpanded dimension of the stent 10. These flexible members are longitudinally compliant so that foreshortening is minimized upon expansion.
[0036] In use, therefore, the stent 10 of the present invention is placed on a balloon catheter and is snaked through the vasculature to be placed into a lesion site in an artery, typically a coronary artery. Because the flexible sections 30 are so substantially flexible, they are able to navigate tortuous lesions with relative ease. Once in place, the balloon catheter is expanded by conventional means. Upon expansion, the struts 25 in the folded strut sections 20 expand to obtain a hoop-like shape. In addition, these members expand longitudinally, so that any reduction in foreshortening is negated. Of course, upon expansion, the flexible members 35 straighten so that there is further strength achieved by the stent in the straightened and rigid positions.
[0037] A variation of the present invention can be seen in the stent 50 of FIGS. 2 ("angled" version") and 3 ("straight" version). There, the radial strength sections 120 are achieved with generally straight members 115, although these members do not have folded struts. Connection between generally straight members 115 is made by connecting the generally straight members 115 to the more flexible members 125, much like the connection made involving the connecting members of the first embodiment of FIG. 1.
[0038] The members that reduce foreshortening are angled members 130 which are seen to be 180° out of phase with one another. The connection between the flexible members is made at the end of a particular relatively non-flexible member and at the distal end of a particular angled canted member 130. Now, when the columns comprised of relatively rigid members 115 expand, the length of these members 130 shorten. But, the longitudinal lengths of the canted members 130 are placed at an angle compared to the longitudinal axis of the stent 50. So, upon expansion, these canted members 130 actually lengthen with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stent 50. The net result is that no foreshortening occurs upon expansion of stent 50.
[0039] The canted members 130 are angled in order to both: increase flexibility; and to provide additional resistance on the balloon surface. This arrangement helps prevent what is known as "dogboning" or exposure of leading edge of any of the strut members 75 contained at either end of the stent 50. In addition, this configuration also prevents slippage of the stent along the balloon surface. The canted members 130 are canted in opposite phase (i.e., with a phase change of 180°) to one another, in order to negate any torsional effects on the struts 75,85 along the length of the stent. These particular members can be crimped to a lower profile than the more rigid members, in order to ensure increased retention of the stent on the surface of a balloon catheter. Further, the configuration described herein has a uniquely folded configuration reducing any risk of "flaring" of the edges of struts 75,85 during the traversal of the lumen.
[0040] It is to be noticed that the longitudinal position (the "order") of the columns can be changed if one desires a smaller initial profile. That is, if one desires that the profile be smaller, it is possible to remove the more rigid sections 120 (or a portion thereof,) and replace them with the generally canted sections 130.
[0041] It is also to be noticed that the wave amplitudes of the struts in a particular column are not kept constant. The wave amplitudes, defined herein as "W," can be lengthened where permitted by the geometry. For instance, notice the space S created between one set of strut members A and a second set of strut members B. This particular configuration allows an increased expansion range around the unexpanded circumference of the stent, while maintaining an appropriate expansion area associated with the metallic struts placed around of the circumference of the stent. Such optimization of the strut surface area is important to ensure adequate coverage of the lesion upon expansion of the stent.
[0042] The stent 50 of this particular embodiment is expanded in much the same way as the stent 10 of FIG. 1. When expansion occurs via the balloon catheter, the canted members 130 tend to lengthen and prevent foreshortening of the stent 50; the relatively rigid members 120 tend to shorten in the longitudinal direction, but in so doing provide a greater rigidity for the fully expanded stent. It is to be understood however, that in the expansion of both stents 10, 50 the ability to flexibly navigate the vasculature is enhanced from configuration of either stent 10, 50, as the case may be. All the while, the likelihood of stent foreshortening upon expansion is greatly reduced.
[0043] As can be seen in FIG. 4, one can also provide for a stent 175 that does not contain canted sections. Yet, the stent 175 expands with decreased foreshortening along its length due to the unique geometry of the stent 175. Here, the stent struts 180, 190 provide for a relatively constant length along the longitudinal axis. (In other words, the longitudinal dimension of the struts 180, 190 in combination remains relatively constant, whether in the expanded or unexpanded condition.) In this fashion, upon expansion, the stent 175 maintains a generally constant length in any of its expanded, unexpanded or partially expanded conditions.
[0044]FIGS. 4 and 5 show yet another embodiment of the design of a similar stent 200. Here, the connector 250 is shaped like an "N," much after the same fashion of "N"-shaped connectors found commercially in the Bx Velocity® stent sold by Cordis Corporation, Miami Lakes Fla. and which is at least somewhat characterized in Ser. No. 09/192,101, filed Nov. 13, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,190,403 B1, and Ser. No. 09/636,071, filed Aug. 10, 2000, both of which are assigned to Cordis Corporation, and incorporated herein by reference.
[0045] In the stent 200, the relatively rigid sections R contain unequal struts 210, 220 of lengths a, b, as can best be seen in FIG. 4. Moreover, as can be seen in FIG. 5, this strut pattern is formed so that the attachment points a at the end of the flexible connectors 250 can be located at any point along the struts 210, 220 rigid section. In this fashion, when the stent is expanded, the relatively more rigid section R "holds" the connector 250 along the surface of the lesion, so that tenacity of the stent, and its concomitant support are both maintained to a high degree at the situs of the lesion. Yet, in the unexpanded configuration, the "N"-shaped flexible connectors 250 are able to guide the stent 200 around the curvature of generally any tortuous vessel, including tortuous coronary arteries.
[0046] As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, the alternative embodiment stent 200 is also capable of reducing foreshortening along its entire length. This stent contains relatively rigid sections R and relatively flexible sections F containing connectors 250. (The flexible sections F are in the form of undulating longitudinal connectors 250.) The relatively rigid sections R generally contain a slotted form, created with struts 210, 220 around a slot S. The relatively rigid sections R contain these interlaced struts 210, 220, which are of varying longitudinal dimensional length.
[0047] As can be seen from the figures, in some radial positions, the struts 210 are made longer. In other radial positions, the struts 220 are made shorter. However, the shorter struts 220 are of a constant length b in the longitudinal dimension, and in the fashion in which they connect to the relatively flexible connectors 250. Also, as described above, the relatively more rigid sections R maintain the relatively more flexible sections F at a generally constant longitudinal length due to the friction maintained by the relatively more rigid sections R on a balloon portion of an angioplasty type balloon catheter. Accordingly, upon expansion, the constant length b, in conjunction with the generally constant length of the relatively flexible connector 250, causes the stent 200 to maintain a relatively constant longitudinal dimension L in any diameter to which it is expanded. As can be appreciated, the maintenance of a constant length is desirable from the perspective of secure, repeatable placement of the stent within the vasculature.
[0048] Continuing to describe the stent 200 of FIGS. 4 and 5, the flexible sections F operate with the behavior of the flexible connectors 250 acting in the fashion of "N"-shaped flexible connectors of similar type. That is, the flexibility of the stent 200 is focused in this area F so that one is able to traverse tighter lesions using such a configuration. The relatively stronger sections R are capable of expansion to a stronger plastically deformed dimension, so that in this fashion the stent 200 is capable of supporting the arterial wall. Even though the longitudinal dimensions of the struts 210, 220 in the relatively stronger sections R are of unequal length, such a configuration does not diminish radial support in the expanded condition. Accordingly, it can be appreciated that a stent of this shape will adequately support the arterial walls at the lesion site, while maintaining radial flexibility, and longitudinal length.
[0049] As can be best seen in FIG. 7, yet another alternate embodiment of the present invention is described. In FIG. 7, there is contained a stent 300 much like the Bx Velocity® stent sold by Cordis Corporation, Miami Lakes, Fla. In FIG. 7 there is contained on the stent 300 generally flexible connector members 310 connected to generally rigid radial strut members 320. The connector members 320 are generally formed in the shape of the letter "N", and the struts 310 are generally slots formed in a radial fashion around the circumference of the stent. The connection made between the flexible connectors 320 and the radial strut members 310 is formed from a living hinge 330. This living hinge 330 contains outer radial arc 332 and an inner radial arc 334. In the expanded configuration, the radial arcs 332, 334 move away one from the other, so that the overall length of the living hinge 330 actually increases upon expansion.
[0050] Known conventional means, such as angioplasty balloons, or the balloon on a stent delivery system expands the stent 300 of the present invention. Upon expansion, there are provided a number of benefits by the stent 300 of the present invention. First, as explained above, there is reduced foreshortening of the stent 300, since the outer radial arc 332 in fact does not foreshorten. Since it lengthens slightly, the overall length of the stent 300 is maintained to its general nominal length. There is also provided increased radial strength since the radial arcs 332, 334 at their connection between the flexible and radial struts 320, 310, (both inner and outer radial arcs 334, 332) combine to give superior strength in the arcs' section; the radial strut 310 provides for optimal strength in the radial direction since it is parallel to the loading direction of the stent 300, thereby creating a "hoop" a circumference C of the stent. Also, because the radial arcs are able to accept greater forces, there is reduced strain for the equivalent strength designed for a stents. In all, the stent 300 of this embodiment provides for at least equivalent radial strength, less foreshortening and reduced strain when compared to current stents.
[0051] As can be seen from FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, there is provided yet another embodiment of the stent 400 in the present invention. Again, the stent 400 provides for generally stronger radial sections R comprising radial struts 410, which are generally slotted in alternating fashion around the circumference of the stent. The flexible connector members 420 are similar to the flexible connector members as seen in FIG. 7, and also to the flexible connector members of the Bx Velocity® stent. However, these flexible connector members 420 are connected to the radial struts generally somewhere near the midpoint of the radial struts 410. In this fashion, upon expansion the length of the connector members 420 remains independent of the shortening or lengthening of the radial struts 410. In this way, the overall length of the stent is maintained, as seen from the schematics in FIGS. 9 and 10.
[0052] Due to this overall ability to maintain the length of stent 400, the radial struts 410 provide for radial strength only, and do not contribute in one way or another to any foreshortening of the stent. Also, the radial struts 410 are formed from a generally "wavy" pattern. This wavy pattern is useful in helping to reduce the crimp profile of the stent 400 on the balloon. This results from the relative smooth attachment of the radial struts 410 to the flexible connectors 420. Further, having such an arrangement reduces the strain placed on the struts 420 upon expansion. This reduced strain is achieved due to the location of the connection of the struts 420 to the struts 410. Because there is relatively little movement of the struts 420 in the longitudinal direction, there is relatively little strain placed on these struts during expansion. The radial arcs 415 of struts 410 can be ideally placed in a "shifted" configuration so that the stent is easier to crimp on a balloon.
[0053] Further, this can be seen from FIG. 8, that the radial strut members 410 are attached to the flexible connectors 420 so that the flexible connectors 420 generally proceed along a "spiral" pattern S around the length of the stent 400. The connection points 422 of the flexible connectors 420 are placed in a diagonal fashion on struts 410 so as to enhance flexibility. Generally connectors 422 are located in a midpoint of a strut 410. When the connectors 422 are placed past the midpoint of strut 410 (i.e. farther from the midpoint of strut 410 then from the direction of connector 420), the nominal stent strength should increase upon expansion when compared to the above described stent. This arrangement reduces foreshortening, as described above. Further, the arrangement in no wise affects any torsion on the stent as it is applied to the lumen by the balloon catheter. Friction of the balloon to struts 410 maintains the struts 410 (and their opposite struts 420) in the same general radial position throughout expansion. By reducing any concern of stent torsion, there is also a reduced concern of overall slippage of the balloon. Even though the connector members 420 are not aligned with one another, they are maintained in their respective positions on the balloon surface. Upon expansion, struts 420 lock into place, as the stent 400 is placed, giving an increased strength in the lumen.
[0054] From FIGS. 8 and 9, we see that the midpoint of a connector 420 is important to maintaining length. The greater the distance from connector 420 to the midpoint M, on the side of the connection between struts 410, 420, the greater the potential for shortening of the stent. This creates a need to solve any shortening by other means, absent the solution described herein.
[0055] It is to be understood that various modifications to the stent 400 of FIGS. 8, 9 and 10 are possible without departing from the invention herein. For instance, the connectors 420 can be placed intermittently about the stent 400 circumference, and not at every incidence of a radial strut 410. Also, while the radial struts 410 are generally 90° out of phase between one series of struts 410 a and the next 410 b, it is foreseeable to place them between 30° and 150° out of place. When so placed, the strut 410 can be "encouraged" to bend in a particular fashion, which may be preferential in the design of a particularly intended stent.
[0056] These stents can be manufactured by know conventional means, such as laser etching, electrical discharge machining (EDM), photochemical etching, etc. However, there is also disclosed in the invention herein a novel method of performing photochemical resistance etching of the tube from which the stent is to be made. This novel method allows one to produce a stent with variable geometry in the three dimensions of the strut, that is, along its length, across the circumferential dimension, and along its depth (or radial dimension.) This method starts with a standard photochemical machining process.
[0057] The new process consists of cutting the stent using photochemical etching, cleaning it, and then coating it with a photoresist. The photoresist coating is applied in circular shapes 290, as can be appreciated from FIG. 6. These shapes 290 are intentionally figured to be of varying dimension in their radius. Then, a photoresist image is developed on the surface of the cylindrical metallic tube T from which the stent starts. This photoresist image is developed in a controlled fashion using known means. The development of the photoresist in this fashion allows a controlled variable etching rate at select positions along the cylindrical metallic tube.
[0058] As previously stated, the novel photoresist image can be seen in FIG. 6. This photoresist image consists of a series of circular regions of photoresist material 310, which are shaped in a variable diameter as desired for manufacture. These photoresist images 310 are configured at variable distances D from one another. As the diameter of the circular photoresist pattern 310 decreases, and its distance from other photoresist patterns 310 increases, the etching rate of that area of the stent increases. Thus, by strategically placing the photoresist patterns 310 on the stent, one can produce any variable dimension in any direction along the stent.
[0059] This photoresist pattern 310 variation results in a variation in the metal of the stent removed during the etching process. This process can be used to locally change the geometry of the metallic tube.
[0060] In this fashion, one can envision making a stent of variable circumferential width, radial depth or longitudinal length. As such, one can impart varying flexibilities along the stent longitude, as well as varying strengths so that a stent can be configured for emplacement at various locations within the body.
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Year of fee payment: 12


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Joel Boé began serving his first term as your District 9 councilman on January 2nd, 2009. In 2013, Joel Boe was re-elected to represent District 9 for a second term, with 74 percent of the vote. District 9 is located in the southeast portion of East Baton Rouge Parish and is bordered on the east by the Amite River and Bayou Manchac and on the west by Pecue Lane, Jones Creek, and O'Neal Lane.
My wife and I are life long residents of Baton Rouge and have resided in the Southeast portion of Baton Rouge for over 14 years. We have four beautiful children; Rylan, Auden, Ever, and Adalie. As a graduate of Bethany Christian School in 1994, I moved on to graduate from the LSU School of Engineering with a Bachelor's Degree in Construction Management in 1998, and with a full time job, later went on to graduate from the LSU Executive MBA Program in 2006. I am employed as a Project Manager with Performance Contractors, Inc. and have been with them since 1998. We work exclusively in the private sector executing construction projects in chemical plants and refineries primarily in the Southeast portion of the United States.
I love the quality of life that District 9 provides my family and so do the great residents of District 9. As one of the fastest growing districts in our Parish, we will be faced with many challenges and opportunities that will help to shape and mold a future for our children. Many things have already been set in motion to help improve our traffic woes, those of which we will begin to see progress in the coming months and the number of orange barrels you pass daily will begin to increase dramatically.
Please stand with me, as we help take District 9 and the rest of East Baton Rouge Parish to the next level.
Joel Boé
Councilman, District 9
Mrs. Liz Alch is the Legislative Assistant for District 9.
Joint Town Hall MeetingSeptember 29th
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Black Cohosh Extract Equivalent to Root and Rhizome 20 mg.
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Chivalry isn't an mmo.
As was mentioned before, chivalry isn't a mmo in any way, shape or form. Besides that's really not that great of an example, let me take a crack at it.
Western mmo weapon scale.
Eastern mmo weapon scale.
It's almost as if they were compensating for something over there.
Western Devs can't make cute faces
I knew this thread had bait written all over it.
From where do these games come from and from where did and still do the best mmos come from.
Russians make some damn good games though. And I've always said that.


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Diocese of Fort Worth Website
'Mutts' comic strip features a week's worth of quotes from Pope Francis
What meeting Pope Francis was like for elementary students in Harlem
Six families to receive Gospel of Luke from pope at Philadelphia Mass
A pious friar becomes Saint Junípero Serra
Chefs working at a 'different level' cooking for Pope Francis, homeless
How the Catholic Church is fighting loan sharks in Texas
Matt Maher to perform charity concert at St. Mary's in Windthorst
Texas' First Lady to give keynote at Bishop's Respect Life Gala
Joseph Keating ordained to transitional diaconate Oct. 1
Nolan Catholic unveils newly-completed Doskocil Athletic Complex and Press Box
Pope delights Philly crowd with spontaneous talk on families
Pope meets with clergy abuse victims, says crimes can't be secret
Visiting prison, pope says all people need forgiveness, cleansing
Serve, care for each other, pope tells families at closing Mass
Pope challenges religious to create ministries that inspire young people
Even in darkest hours: We are never alone
Modeling their lives on Jesus could point boys to priesthood
Are you spiritually neglecting your child?
Seminarians transition to summer activity and change of ministries
Is Jesus Christ at odds with the teachings of the Catholic Church?
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Guido Fawkes
The TNR Reader's Guide to the British Elections
May 04, 2010
Overall Best One-Stop Shop Politics Home. With all the latest polls, headlines, and videos from the campaign trail, PoliticsHome is clearly the best and easiest-to-use election portal. It's got enough detail to satisfy political junkies and plenty of overview material for novices and newcomers. Runner-up: the BBC. Best Conservative One-Stop Shop Conservative Home.


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I'm programming a website called boomblu and it uses uniqid() with a prefix and more_entropy set to true for almost every widget and pages. In brief, every page has it's "uniqid" and when we load a page, we SELECT every widgets WHERE pageId = '$thePageWeWant'.
When I started the project, I was feeling pretty ambitious about my site so I did not want to run off of Ids for the content. But now I realize that Youtube addresses millions of videos only with a 11 character string. However, now I realize that this choice could slow down my site while making the database unnecessarily bigger.
Should I change uniqid() right now to a smaller random string? Or would it take an enormous amount of data to slow my site down so I shouldn't worry about it?


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Uganda Soccer T-Shirts
Shop for officially licensed Uganda soccer t-shirts inside our Team Uganda soccer store. Our selection of Team Uganda tee shirts feature the latest in contemporary and vintage designs with official team colors, crests and logos. We even have player tees for many of today's most popular Uganda futbol players. Browse our complete selection of Team Uganda soccer t-shirts available in a wide array of sizes for men, women and kids. Our versatile selection of shirts allow fans to show their team spirit year-round during the soccer season and even in the off-season. Get your Team Uganda t-shirt now and enjoy fast shipping and 365 day no hassle returns on your very next order. The next time your favorite soccer team hits the turf and is making their run towards a Championship, be sure you're ready to cheer on your team with the latest Uganda soccer t-shirt.
Regular: $24.95
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Photographs from the 2014 NCAA Track and Field Championships at Hayward Field in Eugene, Ore., on Saturday, June 14.
The Register-Guard has a long and rich history of outstanding photojournalism. Our photographers bring the community's stories to life through single images, slideshows and videos. The staff has been recognized over the years for its news, feature and sports photography, including as a finalist for the 1999 Pulitzer Prize in spot news photography. Follow the staff on Twitter @rgnewsphoto.


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"This is NY Pride Right Here"
Tommy Dee
Melo's words following the performance of a champion at the World's Most Famous Arena.
When Melo went down in a heap against the Lakers the injury looked somewhat serious. Judging on how the Knicks handle telling the story behind injuries, you didn't know if Melo would be out a week or a month. We were talking about it and even made a lunch wager on whether he would play or not.
I underestimated Melo. I bet that he wouldn't play against the Nets. I assumed he had a high ankle sprain and based on the physicality of the last match up, I didn't think he'd be healthy enough to give it a go, and seeing that it's December, I expected him to sit.
But, again, I underestimated Melo's mindset. The man is on a mission and that is to become a champion and that's the message he sent to the boroughs, the burbs and the league last night.
Champions play hurt in big games no matter what month.


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Everything is going digital, and with good reason. Digital Video offers superior quality over the best analog consumer camcorders, by 20% at least, and free from annoying color noise. The ZR30MC's images reach up to 500 lines of horizontal resolution, revealing stunning detail and clarity. The digital revolution is taking place, and Canon's Know-How is leading the way.
Digital Video is better than the older ways of recording video.
To understand just how far things have advanced, DV camcorders today commonly offer quality and features that equal and sometimes surpass the best professional TV production equipment of 15 years ago!
DV looks and sounds better, and is easier to use than analog formats today.
While batteries are getting better, the technology is improving too, so they do all this using less battery power than ever before!
Copying your tapes is better when you 'go digital.' Because it's digital, there is no loss of quality on your copies, generation after generation.
Also because its digital, you can view and edit your images on your home computer- in most cases without extra, fancy equipment. You can email them to friends and family too.
Digital Video is creating a whole new world of freedom and fun. Almost everybody can be a moviemaker nowadays. There is more that you can do with it at home or work, and the quality is better than ever!


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Gallatin Alumna Dorrance Named a 2015 MacArthur Fellow
Dancer and Choreographer Singled Out for Exceptional Talent more >
Mockus Joins Gallatin through the New Global Faculty-in-Residence Program
The former mayor of Bogotá, Colombia, brings "citizenship culture" to Gallatin more >
Terreform ONE Garners 2015 International Architecture Award
Reimagining Coastal Brooklyn more >
The End(s) of (In)Equality: France and the USA
Visions of Equality Explored at NYU Paris more >
Julie-Ann Hutchinson
Julie-Ann chose Gallatin because the School afforded her the opportunity to build a core foundation at NYU's College of Arts and Science and the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, fusing her varied interests under Gallatin's interdisciplinary umbrella. The summer after her freshman year, Julie-Ann served as an … more >
Adam Weinert
Adam is a New York City native as well as a dancer, choreographer, and media artist. He has danced with The Metropolitan Opera Ballet Company, The Mark Morris Dance Group, Shen Wei Dance Arts, and Christopher Williams, and for four years served as the Artistic Associate to Jonah Bokaer. In … more >
Michael Dinwiddie
… more >
Eric Fuchs-Stengel
The year prior to graduation from Gallatin, Eric was named the 2013 Environmentalist of the Year from his home state of New Jersey, which also awarded him 2013 Governor's Environmental Excellence Award. In 2008, when he was sixteen, he founded for the Mahwah Environmental Volunteers Organization, Inc. (MEVO), environmental 501(c)(3) … more >


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- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
OGDENSBURG The Med-Eng plant here has won a $20 million Army contract for bomb disposal protective gear for military personnel.
The facility, at 103 Tulloch Drive, will develop the Advanced Bomb Suit Ensemble and spare parts. The suits are worn by ordnance specialists to safely dispose of bombs including improvised explosive devices.
The contract, expected to sustain 20 jobs in the city, will last through 2018.
With our border location, university research and development strengths, productive workforce, and numerous companies in the assembly and manufacturing supply chain, St. Lawrence County is an ideal location for supporting and supplying the U.S. military, other government agencies and customers throughout the United States and Canada, said Patrick J. Kelly, CEO of the St. Lawrence County Industrial Development Agency.
Med-Eng, part of the Safariland Group, based in Jacksonville, Fla., has had a facility in the city for the last 10 years.
The contract will ensure that good-paying manufacturing jobs will stay in Ogdensburg for years to come, U.S. Sen. Charles E. Schumer, D-N.Y., stated in a news release. The north country is home to a qualified and dedicated workforce, and I have no doubt they will produce top-notch equipment for our armed services; so this contract is a one-two punch for the Army and for north country jobs.
U.S. Sen. Kirsten E. Gillibrand, D-N.Y., also praised the local workforce.
The north countrys manufacturing know-how and work ethic continue to attract new business that can support local jobs, she stated in a news release.
U.S. Rep. William L. Owens, D-Plattsburgh, also hailed the new contract. We know IEDs and similar weapons seriously threaten the safety of our soldiers, so I am pleased to see Northern New York will be able to help equip them with the tools they need to stay as safe as possible while undertaking one of the most dangerous tasks on the battlefield, he stated in a news release.
We are very proud to have a company here making such important products and appreciate the support and awareness that Senators Schumer and Gillibrand and Representative Owens have for this facility, Mr. Kelly said.
No one from Med-Eng was available to comment directly Friday. In a news release by Med-Eng, the company vice president of explosive ordnance disposal, Rob Reynolds, stated: We are very proud to continue protecting front-line U.S. Army soldiers from explosive threats, including Improvised Explosive Devices, by providing them with our world-leading Med-Eng EOD suits and helmets. This contract will directly support the jobs of up to 20 people in specialized manufacturing roles at our production facility in Ogdensburg.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
You can continue on to this article in a few seconds, or you can visit one of our websites:


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An Iranian-American pastor who has been imprisoned in Iran for the past several months is set to face a religious judge in Iran who has a record of sending people to the gallows. The Rev. Saeed Abedini, who grew up in Iran and was training to be a suicide bomber before becoming a Christian, resides in the United States with his American-born wife and their two children. As reported by The New American, Abedini was a leader of Iran's underground church before leaving for the United States, and while he had worked out a deal with Iranian officials that allowed him to return to the country for humanitarian purposes, he was taken into custody in September 2012, and only in recent days was he indicted on as-yet unspecified charges.
Jay Sekulow, executive director of the American Center for Law and Justice (ACLJ), which has stepped forward to advocate for Abedini's release, told the Jerusalem Post that the American citizen and minister has been transferred to Branch 26 of the Tehran Revolutionary Court, and is now in the hands of Judge Pir-Abassi, who is "notorious for his harsh sentences against those who exercise their fundamental freedoms." Sekulow said that Pir-Abassi "is often referred to as one of Iran's 'hanging judges' for the numerous individuals he has sent to the gallows."
In 2011 the European Union placed Pir-Abassi on a list of individuals subject to sanctions for human rights violations. In April of that year the Official Journal of the European Union noted that, following Iran's 2009 elections, Pir-Abassi presided over several trials in which he handed down lengthy prison terms, as well as several death sentences, to individuals identified by the EU as Iranian human rights activists.
In its 2012 annual report, the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom also recommended that the U.S. government apply similar sanctions to Pir-Abassi and his family, noting that he is "responsible for particularly severe violations of religious freedom." Sekulow said that while the State Department is well aware of Pir-Abassi's human rights record, it has not acted on the recommendations, nor has it moved to help Pastor Abedini. "It is an absolute travesty that the U.S. government would stand by idly while an American citizen, detained for his exercise of a fundamental human right, deteriorates in an Iranian prison," said Sekulow.
Click here to read the entire article.


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Illinois Sports Fan Reward Program
The Chicago Fire Soccer Club and the University of Illinois have teamed up to reward all Illinois Sports fans who purchase 2012 Season Tickets, now until the end of the season.
• Illinois sports fans who become New Season Ticket Holders will receive a 20% credit back to their University of Illinois I-Fund Account, an exclusive behind the scenes stadium tour, and invitations to VIP events hosted by the Chicago Fire and the University of Illinois.
• Purchases must be processed through the web form below
• Offer not valid if I-Fund member was a 2011 Season Ticket Holders or Ten Game purchaser
• Purchases made through other outlets (Ticketmaster and Chicago Fire website) are not eligible for this promotion
For further information on the Chicago Fire I-Fund Reward Program, please contact Zach Dicken at 708-496-6764 or firstname.lastname@example.com


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The Banner Shooting Range has new programs and promotions planned for August and September. The Banner Shooting Range is at 13796 Elkhorn Street, north of Indianola. The phone number is 515-961-6408.
First Shots
The Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR) is partnering with the National Shooting Sports Foundation (NSSF) to offer two First Shots programs at Banner Shooting Range.
Banner Shooting Range will be hosting first shot programs on Aug. 21 – shotguns; and on Sept. 18 - rifles. Both programs are free to the public and a space can be reserved by visiting http://reservations1.usedirect.com/IowaWeb/Activities/SearchFilters.aspx. Under category, select Shooting Range Course to view and register for First Shots programs.
"When it comes to learning about shooting and firearms ownership, not knowing how or where to start can be an intimidating hurdle. First Shots is a great way to introduce first-time shooters to firearm safety and the shooting sports," said Tyler Seuferer, chief range safety officer at the Banner Shooting Range.
Space is limited, so sign up today for a free spot at this exciting introductory firearms safety and shooting sports program.
Teal Hunting Informational Seminar/5-Stand
Come try your hand at shooting "crazy teal" on the 5-stand course and learn more about the upcoming new teal only hunting season.
DNR staff will be on hand from 5:00-7:30 p.m., on August 28, to provide information about how to scout for and identify teal, and offer some teal hunting basics. The range's 5-stand course will be set to throw targets to simulate teal flight patterns so hunters can get some practice in prior to the season opening Sept. 6.
Hunting License Promotion
Purchase any Iowa DNR hunting license (annual, combo, or three-year) or a 2014 deer tag at Banner Shooting Range August 18-24, and receive one free hour of range time. License and/or tag privileges must be purchased on site at Banner Shooting Range in order to qualify for the free hour of range time.
For more information, contact Tyler Seuferer, Chief Range Safety Officer, Banner Shooting Range, 515-961-6408.


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- Lucas Earns First BASS Victory on Sacramento River Justin Lucas has had many milestones over the past few years. He became a B.A.S.S. Elite series pro, fished in his first Bassmaster Classic and now has won his first Elite series event. On Sunday, the young pro claimed his first B.A.S.S. title on his home waters of the Sacramento River. Read More
- Abu Garcia Sponsors American Bass Anglers Legendary fishing company Abu Garcia and American Bass Anglers have entered into a multiyear sponsorship agreement. Through the partnership each entity is set to provide support to advance growth and participation in sport of fishing. Read More
- Abu Garcia Pro Powroznik Earns Rookie of the Year Title Jacob Powroznik has had a tremendous start to his young career as a B.A.S.S. rookie, and one of the greatest rookie seasons in B.A.S.S. history, amassing over $160,000 in just eight tournaments, including $38,500 for the Rookie Angler of the Year award. Read More
- Ike Rises to Top on Delware As a Philadelphia native, Michael Iaconelli is a natural fighter. After the first day of competition on the Delaware River Ike would have to fight his way back from 21st place. That is exactly what the Abu Garcia pro did, and he didn't look back. Read More
- Velvick Hoists First Bass Elite Series Title Abu Garcia pro angler Byron Velvick of Del Rio, Texas, was on big fish from the get go and never let up. In the end, Velvick won the Golden State Shootout at California's Clear Lake, the second BASS Elite Tour events of the season. It was Velvick's first BASS Elite win. Read More
- Tommy Skarlis Wins FLW Event on Mississippi Tommy Skarlis has been a staple on the professional walleye scene for many years, dominating many of the events that he participates. This past weekend the walleye pro took control of another event on a piece of water he is all too familiar with – the Mississippi River. Read More
- Swedish Design Award Nomination The Abu Garcia design team based in Sweden has been nominated for The Swedish Design Award for the Revo Premier low profile baitcast reel. Read More
- Roy Seizes Lead In Rookie Of The Year Standings Newcomer Bradley Roy is paving the way in the Rookie of the Year race. The new Berkley and Abu Garcia pro angler claimed the top spot in the Rookie of the Year race by finishing strong this past weekend on California's Clear Lake. Read More
- Pure Fishing Invests In Future Fisherman Reading, writing, and arithmetic seem a bit passé. Students today study anything from engineering to Mozart to interior design. Even fishing and conservation are on the curriculum in public schools with the help of the Future Fisherman Foundation and a grant from Pure Fishing. Read More
- Pure Fishing Continues To Support The Boat U.S. Collegiate Program Pure Fishing, the parent company of Berkley, Abu Garcia and All Star, is proud to partner with the BoatU.S. Collegiate Bass Fishing Championship Series. This marks the third year for the partnership and continuing dedication by Pure Fishing to the collegiate angler. Read More
- Powroznik Dominant on Elite Series If you haven't heard, Jacob Powroznik is kind of a big deal. After climbing into the hot seat on the second day of competition at Toledo Bend, the Abu Garcia pro was knocked down on the third day. Read More
- Palaniuk Dominates B.A.S.S. ELITE Tourney Abu Garcia pro Brandon Palaniuk collected $100,000 for his B.A.S.S. Elite victory on the St. Lawrence River this past weekend, but it was the key to a Bassmaster Classic berth that Palaniuk valued the most. Read More
- Palaniuk Claims First Bassmaster Elite Series Title Brandon Palaniuk, a B.A.S.S. Elite Series sophomore and Abu Garcia pro team member, earned his first Elite Series win this past weekend on Bull Shoals Lake. Read More
- Martin Elected Chairman of TRCP Board of Directors At its spring meeting, the board of directors of the Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Partnership elected Jim Martin, a longtime TRCP board member and biologist who currently is conservation director of the Berkley Conservation Institute, to chair the organization's board. Read More
- Lane Uses Revo MGX For Win At Harris Chain Abu Garcia pro Chris Lane won this past weekend walking away from the field at Florida's Harris Chain of Lakes, which earned him a spot on the 2013 Bassmaster Classic list if he finishes the remaining two events of the Southern Open circuit. Read More


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Black cohosh is one of the most widely used herbal supplements for menopausal well-being. Black Cohosh naturally supports healthy, natural changes associated with menopause. A good diet along with supportive nutritional supplements and stress management may help to ease menopausal discomfort.
Directions for Adult Use: 1 Capsule, 3 times per day.
Keep out of reach of children. If you are pregnant or nursing a baby, as a health care professional before use.Tamper evident Feature: Do not use if sealed Stick Pack in carton is open, torn or broken.
Have been taking this product for several years ... now I cannot find it anywhere ... on line or in the stores. When will this product be available? I am down to 12 tablets and need ASAP!!!
My period has been pretty easy going most of my life, though in the past few years (late 20-early 30s) I have had heavier flow, backpain, headaches, irritability, and extreme fatigue. My mom, an RN, has been telling me to take Lydia Pinkham for as long as I've been complaining. She finally just bought me a bottle and made me take it. It made it sooo much better! Every month it seemed like my period got a lil easier when I would take it. Then my mom told me I should take it every day and that when it would come on, it wouldn't give any trouble at all. When I finally listened and started taking it daily, I found that my period lasts shorter and is much easier than before. This is a true lifesaver. Make sure you take it daily!
My mother SWEARS by this product and used it for over 40 years! She recommended it to me and my sisters over 25 years ago. I was Amazed to see that it was still available! I have been taking it for a month now has I've noticed a significant reduction in my premenstrual symptoms!!!! I HIGHLY recommend this to ALL women!
After 7 years of "bad luck" I mean hot flashes, I have finally found a product that does deliver. I am thrilled. It took about 4 weeks of taking the product, but then the hot flashes just stopped! Thanks for a great product.
I have been taking this for quite a while now, at first it took about 3 weeks to really help with hot flashes, mood swings, night sweats, but it is a real life saver for me.............


text: Quick View LeapPad2 Recharger Pack by LeapFrog $39.95 Out of stock online Recharge your LeapPad2 for hours of learning fun! Includes a rechargeable battery pack set and an AC adapter for more hours of play on your LeapPad2 learning tablet. Included AC adapter also allows for immediate plug-and-play fun & learning! Appropriate for children ages 4 to 9 years. Only works… See Details was


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Discount Sweatshirts / HoodiesIt's never a surprise when customers find hundred upon hundreds of snow apparel at The House Boardshop, like our selection of Men's Hooded Sweatshirts / Hoodies that are available now. Check out our selection of discount Hooded Sweatshirts / Hoodies with savings up to 70%. Shop top brands like Circa, Burton, Matix, Liquid Force, Quiksilver, DC, Element and many, many more. Orders are shipped within 24 hours with a 100% customer satisfaction guarantee.
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- Northern New York Newspapers
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MASSENA - Mayor James F. Hidy called a press conference late Friday morning to reiterate his support for Supervisor Joseph D. Gray and to call for an end to Native American protests that close the Massena-Cornwall International Bridge.
We try to handle situations in a civil manner, and I think disrupting any norms (in travel and commerce) is not a civil manner. It sends the wrong message, Mr. Hidy said. It creates a lot of distress, and it disrupts the harmony of the area.
Mr. Gray came under heavy fire after he wrote a blog suggesting a protest that closed the bridge for nearly five hours Saturday was pointless. Native American leaders countered by suggesting they would launch a boycott of Massena businesses. Mr. Gray later wrote a second blog entry apopogizing for his initial comments.
Mr. Hidy on Friday urged protestors to engage in good dialogue and to work with their St. Regis Mohawk Tribal Council officials to try to enact change in U.S. or Canadian policies. He also asked protestors to consider the people who use the bridge on a regular basis.
We have many people navigating that bridge daily. Its frustrating when the bridge is shut down, Mr. Hidy said. I think people have to look at it from the point of view of the law-abiding citizens (who need access to the bridge).
Mr. Hidys comments come three days after Mr. Gray posted a blog titled, Pointless Bridge-Closing Protests Must Stop, in which he claimed these marches are not effective in spreading awareness of the protestors demands and called for methods of protest that do not negatively impact travelers and local business. He also alluded to the notion that people of a different ethnic group might not have been permitted to stage this protest.
The post quickly drew harsh criticism, primarily from members of the Mohawk community. Some blasted the blog as ignorant, racist, and some even urged residents of Akwesasne to boycott Massena businesses and instead drive to Malone for their shopping needs.
The demonstration was part of the Idle No More movement, which was organized in response to Bill C-45, a Canadian federal budget bill that reduces some environmental protections and would allow private developers to buy tribal land. Many tribal leaders say the bill violates their treaty rights.
Within two days the blog received more than 150 comments, many of which strayed from the blog itself and descended into verbal attacks and accusations of racism.In an attempt to quell the online arguments, Mr. Gray wrote a second blog Thursday morning, apologizing for the previous one.
Mr. Hidy believes Mr. Grays first blog was taken out of context and St. Regis Mohawk Tribal Council Chief Ron LaFrances comment - in which he noted Awkwesasne residents could drive to Malone for their shopping needs, instead of Massena - was made in the heat of frustration. He also said he would hope Mr. LaFrance would rescind the comment in an effort to promote unity between the two communities.
I think both parties should come together and devise a way for how we can each continue to promote each other, Mr. Hidy said. Im hoping cooler heads can prevail.
Mr. LaFrance denied that hed ever encouraged a boycott of Massena businesses and suggested the mayors request that he rescind his comments on the blog shows Mr. Hidy is just as crazy as Mr. Gray. Mr. LaFrance also thinks Mr. Hidy is so uninformed about the reason for the protests that he is unable to make a fair judgment.
(Mr. Hidy) is not from our community; he doesnt understand what the protests are for, Mr. LaFrance said. Its not up to him to persuade us not to protest.
Charles J. Kader, clerk of the Mens Council of the People of the Way of the Longhouse, also blasted Mr. Hidys comments, calling them inaccurate and out of place.
What Mr. Hidy is swerving into is the business of the people of Awkwesasne, Mr. Kader said. We are law-observing people; (we observe the Great Law of Peace, which) compels us to act in a vigorous way to defend our way of life. The lack of acute vision that (Mr. Hidy) is reflecting requires him to be reminded that he should not be trying to meddle into (Mohawk Indian) affairs.
Mr. Gray and Mr. Hidy expressed a desire for talks with Mohawk officials in an effort to promote unity between the communities and to avoid future bridge-closings.
Though he could not speak for other Mohawk chiefs, Mr. LaFrance said he has no interest in holding discussions with either official. I dont want to meet with them. Theyve made their bed and now they have to sleep in it, Mr. LaFrance said.
Mr. Kader also alluded to the possibility of future protests along the bridge to protest the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys proposed remediation of the Grasse River and discussions to relocate the Canadian Border Services Agency checkpoint to the American side of the bridge.
I would assume that even larger demonstrations of Akwesasne residents might be called into play in those two instances, which may include further exercises on the international bridge there, Mr. Kader said.
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Making Waves, 13 December 2013
Making Waves is a weekly round-up of current posts featuring PocketWizard products.
Sean Setters of The-Digital-Picture.com posted a great review of the the PlusX Transceiver. Sean shows you the real world testing that took place in order to test the PlusX. The PlusX also made the Phoblographer.com gift list for this year. Here is the complete list of 30 gifts that any photographer would love. We also found it on Houston-based, fashion photographer, Dixie Dixon's holiday gift guide for photographers…"naughty or nice".
SLR Lounge shows you all of the gear it takes for them to shoot their typical portrait sessions. For off-camera lighting they use Plus®X Transceivers or Plus® III Transceivers. "We typically carry 3 or more of these on a shoot, one mounted on the camera and 2 on off-camera flashes. These reliable remotes are extremely important to us because off camera lighting is an important aspect to our style of photography."
All videos, photos, and quotes in this post are used with permission and copyrighted by the photographers featured, all rights reserved; story is ©PocketWizard. Please respect and support photographers' rights. Feel free to link to this blog post, but please do not replicate or repost elsewhere without written permission.


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text: News When he gave his friend a ride home on his bicycle from the Aladdin Theatre last February, Kenneth Southerland did not think he was breaking the law. The police did. But Southerland and all Portland cyclists won a victory today when a traffic court judge and the police agreed to discharge Southerland's $143 ticket. By giving his friend a ride on a rack over his rear tire, Southerland had ... More


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Liking the Avatar theme.
haha yeah u can
mine again
haha clay fighter, you can see that YOUV'E just minimised out of wallace & gromit aswell
mine again
Fantastic illusion
First Mac desktop of the thread!!
Good On you CF! I hate Twilight!!!!
5/5 Great Vincent! The lighting looks very professional.
I can't see.
Clash, Aardman has to approve his picture first.
@CF - I would of gave you 1/5 then, cause I hate Avatar but ou have W&G. :P
2/5 for CT
you cant rate mine concon as i wasnt the person before you!
my desktop
5/5 i like the simpsons
like mine
Meh, 4.5/5
It's the best you've shown yet.
This is the picture I took for my Desktop WallPaper!
Thanks. "^^)
4/5, I like that movie.
I hate batman but lovee McDonalds. (;
5/5, I lol'd.
Thanks. But only 2/5 for yours. Sorry!
I would rate your 5/5 concon, but I can't post me desktop.
omg lol!
Kirb and jigglypuff are the perfect couple lol...
I made the picture on MS Paint myself...
Don't rate if your not gonna post mmk...
sudoos is very good at not doing what people ask.
Anyhoo, I'll give you a 4/5, STL!
I'll give you a 3/5. The picture is hilarious, but it doesn't take up your whole desktop and I don't like the locations of you icons.
Mine: (on the thing where it says the weather (79 degrees) I blocked out where I live so that's what that black rectangle is)
Here's mine:
I knew Barney would be crazy!!!!
Yours doesn't work Miley, could you save it as JPG and post it again? Thanks.
mine still
mine now
5/5 Mine works now! Here's mine:
If I could post my desktop, I would rate yours 1/5 because I don't like Adventure Time.
My PC broke so I made this:
i changed mine back to
You have to rate concon's kld.
Well I rate yours 3/5!
DUN DUN DUNNNNNNNNNNNNN lol
concon we all know yours is a google images/bing images picture!
Yess I know that. 8|
I added the writing LOL.
mine now
ma collage is on mine now
5/5 miley05
Concon,how can you 2/5 Gorillaz?
0/5 I hate twilight.
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Xi Jinping Meets U.S. Secretary Of Treasury Jacob Lew
Newly appointed U.S. Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew, shakes hand with... Nieuwsfoto'sBezoek,China,Diplomatie,Hand,Horizontaal,Iemand een hand geven,Jack Lew,Mensen,Overheid,Peking,Politiek,U.S. Treasury,Vergadering,Xi JinpingPhotographer PoolCollection: Getty Images News 2013 Getty ImagesBEIJING, CHINA - MARCH 19: Newly appointed U.S. Treasury Secretary Jacob Lew, (C) shakes hand with Chinese officials during his meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping (not pictured) during his visit to the Great Hall of the People on March 19, 2013 in Beijing, China. Chinese leader Xi Jinping spoke of wanting strong ties with the U.S. after holding talks with the US Treasury secretary Jacob Lew today in his first meeting with a foreign official since being appointed as president. (Photo by Andy Wong - Pool/Getty Images)


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DEXTER Cole Johnson totaled six points, including four goals, and Jake Purvis tallied five goals as General Browns boys lacrosse team edged Watertown, 13-12, on Tuesday night in a Frontier League crossover game.
Michael Roukous contributed five points, including four assists for the Lions, who improve to 2-3, including 2-1 in league play.
With the game deadlocked at 10-10 through three quarters, General Brown outscored the Cyclones, 3-2, in the fourth quarter to prevail.
Watertown had drawn even at 12 on Eric Soderquists goal with 7:19 remaining, but Johnson followed with the game-winning tally that was assisted by Roukous with 3:09 left.
Goalie Parker Smith made 14 saves, including several key stops down the stretch for the Lions, who never trailed.
Colton Erb scored two goals for General Brown and Joe Simoneau contributed a goal.
Soderquist finished with five goals for Watertown (2-3, 1-2), and Kendall Vecchio, who transferred from General Brown to Watertown during the summer, contributed two goals and three assists.
Anthony Donato tallied three goals for the Cyclones, Brad McKinney scored a goal an assisted on three others and Noah Taylor had a goal and an assist.
Austin Gibson finished with five stops for Watertown.
Bailey Wilkenson recorded nine points, including four goals, and Seth Leonard scored six goals and assisted on two others to pace the unbeaten Comets to a crossover triumph in Carthage.
Goalie Trevor Gibbons made 14 saves for Carthage (6-0, 4-0), which has allowed only eight goals over its past four games, and is now ranked eighth in the state in Class B.
Junior Matt Turck led the Comets defensively, with support from senior Taylor Morgan and junior Gunner Serota.
Bryan Peloquin contributed two goals and an assist for Carthage, Casey Boulio scored two goals and Paul Bracy had a goal and an assist. Bracy also won 11 of 13 faceoffs on the night and Chris DeRonda totaled 10 ground balls.
DeRonda and Josh Yelvington added a goal each for the Comets.
Jacob Moulton scored two goals to pace the Spartans (0-5, 0-2).
Brett Maguire totaled two assists for South Jefferson, and Taylor Lucas and Avery Shelmidine each scored a goal.
Hunter Merrill made 11 stops for the Spartans.
Matt Moran led all scorers with six points, including four goals, to spark the Cavaliers to a crossover triumph in Lowville.
Nick Koelmel contributed four goals and an assist for IHC (4-1).
Pat Gefell tallied two goals and assisted on two others for the Cavaliers, Luke Renzi finished with two goals and an assist and Jason Reape scored twice.
IHC goalie Dan Grant had eight saves.
Mike Morgia chipped in with a goal and an assist for the Cavaliers, and Jordan Trudeau and JP McClusky each scored a goal.
Tyler Birchenough made seven saves for the Red Raiders (0-4).
Matthew Bush scored a goal and an assist to lead Lowville and Michael Duffer also scored a goal.
Skylar Pastor ran to victory in the 200- and 400-meter dashes and was a part of two first-place relays to help power South Jefferson to Frontier League season-opening victories over South Lewis, 80�-60�, and Beaver River, 73-57, at Turin.
South Lewis beat Beaver River, 87-50.
Victoria Campanian captured the 1,500 and 3,000 and anchored the winning 3,200 relay for South Lewis.
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