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Source: Vlad Guerrero and Orioles agree $8 million 1 year deal.
http://orioles-nation.com/2011/02/04/gu ... r-orioles/
Source: Vlad Guerrero and Orioles agree $8 million 1 year deal.
Shorebirdfan wrote:Have to admit, I'm impressed with the off season moves the organization has made. I can't think of another cllub that has made so much progress forward while investing so little money, or leveraging so little of the future. Well done.
Don wrote:Am I the only one who thinks the front office lost it's marbels with this deal?
A man of two distinct halves is no longer an everyday player and he commands on of the highest salaries on the team; a 36 year old that can turn into Sammy Sosa overnight. He has always been a free swinger and his bat speed dropped significantly in July, August, and September.
To boot, 31 other teams were not clearly seeking his services in other clubhouses and the Orioles spend 5 more million over their openning bid.
Simply Crazy and not worth the value.
Will it make the team better? Jury is still out on this because you force Luke Scott in the everyday role and your best option for platoon has similar match up issues. The staff still has to show progress and the bullpen needs to hope the facelift corrects the problems.
I get it, but 8 million for a guy that has no buisness logging more than 300 at bats next season is way too much. They could have used that money wisely to continue to build for the future instead of placing your trust into an over active swinger that has become a pull hitter. History shows pull hitters will hit the wall and when they do it goes to the crapper. I hope his second half was an aberation and he proves me wrong. I simply think I am right when Jim Thome, Matsui, Manny, Damon and so many others were gobbled up by contenders earlier in the off-season and passed on the .300 25 100 line that Vlad had last season at Texas. Again, I hope I am wrong.
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BUFFALO, NY-A student at East High School is facing charges after bringing a handgun to school with him on Thursday.
The 15-year-old is charged with criminal possession of a handgun.
Police spokesperson Mike DeGeorge tells 2 On Your Side the gun was not loaded.
The Buffalo School district released the following statement Friday afternoon in response to the incident:
A student was discovered to be in possession of an unloaded firearm at East High School on March 7th. The District's standard disciplinary procedures were followed, which included an arrest of the student by the Buffalo police department.
Beyond the discovery of the weapon, there was no incident.

subset: commoncrawl


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Boarded Up Empty Houses And Derelict Buildings In Once Vibrant Accrington
Empty former council houses line a street in the Lancashire town of... News PhotoAbandoned,Business,Corporate Business,England,Finance,Former,Government,Horizontal,Human Interest,Lancashire,Street,Town,UK,WaitingPhotographer Christopher FurlongCollection: Getty Images News 2013 Getty ImagesACCRINGTON, ENGLAND - JANUARY 03: Empty former council houses line a street in the Lancashire town of Accrington as they wait to be modernised by private developers on January 3, 2013 in Accrington, England. There are estimated to be 850,000 empty homes in the United Kingdom even though local councils still have long waiting lists for housing. The terraced houses were due to be rejuvenated by Accrington council but the project was put on hold when the government cut a housing regeneration project. (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)


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Baby Daybreak Boardies (out-of-stock)
Out of Stock Product Number: 28600
The Patagonia Baby Daybreak Boardie wear light but tough, air-dry in a hurry and are handsomely styled to showcase your funhog's cherubic physique. The short's contrast-color waistband and pocket (with drain hole) add style, while the lightweight 100% polyester microfiber fabric with its soft, brushed face and a DWR (durable water repellent) finish sheds everything from seawater to spilt ice cream. The elasticized waistband features an internal drawcord for an adjustable fit, and the single patch pocket has a drain hole.
* This product does not qualify for shipping to all countries.
- Made of lightweight and durable microfiber polyester that dries fast
- Contrast elasticized waistband with adjustable drawcord
- Right patch pocket with contrast detail and drain hole
- Contrast stitching throughout
Gender: Youth
Weight: 73 g (2.6 oz)
Material: 3.7-oz 100% microfiber polyester, with a brushed face and a DWR (durable water repellent) finish
Season: S13
Vendor ProductId: 60290
Review ProductId: 28600


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If the newsletter is not displayed correctly, click here
Letter from the CEO
Did you know?
Optimus optimizes the outdoor cooking experience
New: Optimus Elektra FE Cook System
New: Optimus Crux Lite Piezo
New: Optimus Clip-On Windshield
New: Optimus (S)EAT
New: Optimus Sliding Long Spoon
New: Optimus Canister Stand
New: Optimus BOB
Marketing & Events
The Katadyn Group shows its new products at the OutDoor show in Friedrichshafen
Aquafides at Suisse Public
Kemptthal-based Katadyn Group receives regional development award
Trek'n Eat tasting at Transa flagship store
Markets & Customers
Seen in the US
Katadyn Hiker Pro receives five out of five stars
Another great review on the Optimus Vega stove
Optimus stoves and Trek'n Eat meals at the Arc'teryx Alpine Arc'ademy
Katadyn supports DAV Expedition Team 2015
2013 Katadyn North America Clinic Season
New SWISSPRO store in China
Trevor Thomas Relies on the Katadyn Group Brands
With the Katadyn Pocket Filter on a grand tour
500 packages of Trek'n Eat biscuits for disaster response
Germany's Federal Agency for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief recommends 14 days of emergency supplies
Outdoor nutrition field tested with stoves and cookware from Optimus
Big Trek'n Eat Test on www.bergfreunde.de
Katadyn Company News
Open House at the new headquarters of The Katadyn Group in Switzerland
The Katadyn Group sets future strategic course
Katadyn Germany welcomes Franziska Heinritz
E-Mail Address for Sales Inquiries
Calendar 2013
© 2015 Katadyn Products Inc.
Dear Friends of Katadyn,
The poor weather during the first half of the year has almost been forgotten, and the outdoor season is in full swing. The poor start left a small hole in the registers of many dealers; however, the attitude is overwhelmingly positive that business will recover in the coming months.
In any case, we nature enthusiasts and outdoor athletes can all be found outside again. It doesn't matter at all whether we are out and about on trails or rivers, on forest paths or rocks. The main thing is that we do what we do out of passion.
With this in mind, I wish you all an inspiring outdoor summer!
Trix Ammann
At the OutDoor Show in Friedrichshafen, Germany, the Katadyn Group presented a new cook system and practical accessories under the Optimus brand. The small touches are what transform cooking outdoors into an optimal experience with full-bodied taste. The new accessories line from Optimus ensures outdoor gourmets don't have to go without the finer ingredients to spice up a meal during preparation and guarantees an extra special outdoor cooking experience.
When it comes to the Elektra FE (Fuel Efficient) cook system, it's all in the name: It uses less fuel and at the same time is more powerful than other systems. The Elektra FE cook system consists of the Crux Lite gas stove (3,000 W), a heat exchange pot with a lid, a convenient clip-on windshield (which reduces gas consumption and boil time) and a handheld piezo ignitor. Due to its compact size the Elektra FE cook system fi ts easily into a day pack and adds hardly any weight.
The Crux Lite is a powerful burner for fast boil time and one of the lightest stoves in the world. It is now also available as Crux Lite Piezo with a syringe style piezo ignitor for easy ignition of the stove. The handheld Optimus Sparky ignitor is also available on its own.
The Optimus Windshield is a lightweight, hard anodized aluminium clip-on windshield for use with canister mounted stoves. It increases stove efficiency and substantially reduces gas consumption. Dimensions: 10.3 x 11.5 x 9 cm, Weight: 87
The Optimus (S)EAT is a foldable, lightweight seating pad for the true outdoor chef. Sit warm and dry anywhere while cooking! Complete with helicopter hand signals for any emergency.
The new Optimus Sliding Long Spoon is an extendable, stable spoon made from BPA free, food grade material. It is ideal for the use with food pouches and can be separated for easy cleaning.
The foldable Optimus Canister Stand increases stove stability for safer cooking. It fits small and large gas canisters up to 450 g.
The lightweight Optimus BOB outdoor sponge guarantees scratch free cleaning for all pots and pans.
From July 11-14, 2013, the outdoor industry came together for its large annual summit at the OutDoor show in Friedrichshafen. The Katadyn Group's booth constantly had lots of traffic, and new products from the Optimus kitchen found huge interest among trade professionals. One eye-catcher in particular was the new Optimus BOB outdoor sponge that lets you clean pots and pans simply and scratch free even when on the road. Klaus Barow from Lauche & Maas Germany won the contest to guess "how many BOBs are in the container." He won a package of Katadyn outdoor products in a practical pack. The best outdoor weather during the show's run meant everyone was in a good mood.
Aquafides was at the Suisse Public show in Bern, Switzerland, June 18-21, 2013, to present new industrial water treatment products. Trade attendees could find out more about our UV systems, UV lamps, Katadyn MF Filters and Elektro-Katadyn systems in the 48-square-meter booth. The show again was a success this year. A large number of visitors showed a lot of interest in our products and that reflected the satisfaction of our customers. The opportunity to discuss technical points on-site with our highly qualified booth staff was well received. Suisse Public is the ideal place to deepen customer relationships and to get direct feedback from municipal water managers that work with Aquafides UV systems [TI2] daily. Aquafides has been part of the Katadyn Group since late 2009 as the brand expanded its business into the category of industrial and community water treatment and took over majority ownership of Aquafides[TI3] Switzerland and Germany.
Just days before the Katadyn Group held the grand opening for its new Headquarters, it was conferred the annual development grant of the area township of Illnau-Effretikon, Lindau and Kyburg. The honor is given annually to an enterprise for its extraordinary contributions to economic development. Chairman Adrian Schmassmann and CEO Trix Ammann were delighted to accept the grant endowed with 7,000 Swiss francs that was generously increased by the Lindau township to 10,000 Swiss francs. "We hope to pay back these advance laurels in the next few years in the form of jobs and taxes," said Adrian Schmassmann in receiving the award at company headquarters. Government officials from the area township expressed their confidence they had selected the correct candidate for the prize. Money received will be used to benefit the indigenous peoples of the remote Chiapas region in southeastern Mexico. In cooperation with Mexican partner Bio Derivados, plus the government organization Sedesol and the Mexican Department of Health, the Katadyn Group has outfitted households in the Chiapas region with water filters since 2007. The disease and mortality rate has clearly dropped in the last few years due to this. With 10,000 Swiss francs, another 70 to 80 families will be able to receive a Katadyn Drip gravity filter.
More than 300 customers taste-tested our Trek'n Eat meals on Saturday, June 29, in the new Transa flagship store in Zurich. The poor weather helped to attract more customers to the store than at any other time since its grand opening the previous fall. Katadyn Sales Manager Beda Bischof was personally on-site. He was pleased to be able to introduce customers to the variety of meals that are made with such care. Transa, the leading retailer of travel and outdoor gear in Switzerland, has successfully sold Trek'n Eat outdoor meals for years.
The Katadyn Hiker Pro was featured in the June 2013 Summer Fishing Issue of Field & Stream. Field & Stream readers/reviewers hiked into the backcountry with four water filters to see which delivered the best performance and the tastiest drink. With water weighing 8 lbs/gallon, backpackers who want to go light need an easy, dependable way to filter water from natural sources. Katadyn is proud to announce that the Katadyn Hiker Pro recieved 5 out of 5 stars, the best rating out of the 4 filters tested. The testers were very impressed with the overall construction, how quick it was to clean and the quick connect fittings to allow an easy installation and removal of the input and output hoses. Tester Mason Coyle of Missouri stated that he beat the snot out of it, and it kept delivering good, clean water.
We are happy to announce that the Optimus Vega won "Best Buy" in the spring Edition of the UK Magazine "The Great Outdoors". It was up against products from Trangia, Esbit, Clikstand, MSR, Primus, Soto, Jetboil, Coleman, Vango, Gelert and Go System. The biggest plus points according to the magazine are the Vega's low profile, the inverted canister support, and its light weight.
More than 300 participants from 19 countries took part in a variety of workshops over three days during the Arc'teryx Alpine Arc'ademy in mid-June. Taking place for the second year at the Aiguille du Midi in Chaminox, France, the event has developed into an internationally recognized "university" for alpinists. The bivouac workshop on the Col du Midi offered participants the unique chance to sleep at almost 4,000 meters with Arc'teryx athletes Ines Papert, Luka Lindic, Jacob Slot and Conny Zamernik, as well as with mountain guide Gian Luck. The two groups of alpinists bivouacked comfortably for a night thanks to Hilleberg tents, Optimus stoves and alpine meals from Trek'n Eat.
The DAV Expedition Team 2015 is now final. Sixteen young men ages 15 to 25 applied to be a part of the team. Those nominated for the team after an intensive training week were: Ludwig Karrasch, Josef Pfnür, Raffaele Sebastiani, Franz-Xaver Mayer, Andreas Hammerstingl and Tobias Karpinski. Training already began this summer as a part of the DAV Expedition Team scholarship program. Training lasts 2½ years and concludes with a final expedition in 2015. David Göttler is excited about the new team. As head trainer for the second time of the DAV Expedition Team, he can pass on his experience and skills as an expedition mountaineer to dedicated up-and-coming youth alpinists. Now a tradition, Katadyn Germany also supports the DAV Expedition Team 2013-15. Support of the next generation is important to us. We are excited about a solid collaboration and our work with the youth. The DAV Expedition Team is supported by products from the brands Katadyn, Optimus and Trek'n Eat.
Katadyn North America believes that product knowledge is very important when selling or buying drinking water systems, camp stoves or dehydrated food. To support this, Katadyn North America participates in training events throughout the United States from March through July, our peak selling months. Hundreds of retail staff attend these training sessions and clinics hosted by the regional sales representatives. The sales staff walk away having more knowledge about how to position the Katadyn Group brands. This year, Katadyn North America held a gear drawing to all staff who attended their training sessions. Each week, 6 winners were randomly drawn to win some great outdoor gear ranging from a $35 Optimus and AlpineAire Meal kit to the Grand Prize package valued at over $1500 that included a Katadyn Pocket Filter, Luggage, Tent, Sleeping Bag, Backpack, AlpineAire 7-Day Meal Kit, Optimus Vega Stove and other Optimus accessories.
On July 11th 2013, SWISSPRO opened another retail store in Shantou/Guangdong Province in China. The shop is facing the large cashier area of Walmart and includes the entire range of residential filter systems as well as the complete selection of Katadyn portable filters.
Katadyn North America is a proud partner and sponsor of Team Farsight. Trevor Thomas, 44, lost his sight because of a rare eye disease when he was 35. In 2005, 15 months after he become blind, he hiked the Appalachian Trail. Thomas became the first blind person in history to complete an unassisted, solo end-to-end thru-hike on this trail. Since then, Trevor and his guide dog, Tennille have been doing record setting hikes along with motivational speaking for numerous clubs and groups. Trevor's goal for Team FarSight is to not only demonstrate what is possible through these expeditions, but to raise money to provide services for others who are blind so that they can achieve their own personal goals and live more independent lives. Katadyn North America and their brands, Katadyn, Optimus and AlpineAire are proud sponsors of Team Farsight. You can find out more information on Trevor and his program on www.blindhikertrevorthomas.com.
The founders of Incredible Journeys have already been to the summit of Everest and are enthusiastic users of the Katadyn Pocket Filter. Their last trip took them to the Manaslu Circuit Trek in Nepal, and the Pocket Filter was as always in their bags. Every morning, they filter 12 liters of water for the four-person team. The water was bacteriologically flawless, as was its taste. The robust Pocket Filter is well suited for long use for many years, even under extreme conditions. The silver-impregnated filter element works reliably against bacteria and protozoa. The Katadyn Pocket carries a guarantee of 20 years, the only water filter to do so.
The nonprofit relief organization @fire Internationalen Katastrophenschutz e.V. (@fire International Disaster Response Inc.) is delighted about a special donation: Katadyn Germany is supporting the organization with 500 packages of Trek'n Eat biscuits. The Trekking Biscuits aren't really a sweet treat for volunteers to nibble on. In fact, they are an essential between-meal snack for rescue teams all over the world during often complicated and arduous assignments.
"These biscuits will be used as emergency meals for our teams that are operating remotely outside of our camps. Our people have to be highly mobile, but they are often under high stress. Often, it's simply ill advised to grab a snack near crisis areas at the next available street stand or mobile food cart with 'local' goods. These biscuits are superb light snacks between meals. They are lightweight, nutritious and don't spoil either – exactly what we need for emergency operations," said Jan Südmersen, @fire chairman.
Members of the relief organization @fire, which was founded in 2002, volunteer their efforts and receive no pay. They move quickly and offer professional international aid in devastating disasters, particularly in fighting wildfires and performing earthquake rescue operations. "Sometimes it's just the small, seemingly trivial things that in serious situations are essential and that can provide huge help. We are excited to support @fire with this delivery of Trek'n Eat Trekking biscuits," said Stefanie Dietrich, managing director of Katadyn Deutschland GmbH.
The partnership between Katadyn and @fire International Disaster Response isn't a new one. In 2010, Katadyn offered support to a 22-person response team for relief operations in Haiti with 300 Trek'n Eat meals and water treatment products.
Mistrust in a turnaround in energy policy is growing. Survivalists, companies and anxious citizens are already preparing for the need in an emergency to survive without electricity. What to do if there is in fact no electricity? The German minister of the interior overseeing the Federal Agency for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief recommends every citizen have 14 days of basic food supplies that keep without freezing. The Survival Packs from Emergency Food guarantee optimal nutrition in an emergency. The selection and combination of the packs offered was decided on based on strict nutritional science. The focus is put on a balanced combination of vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and fibers necessary for survival. For our Emergency Food, we use only the highest quality dried and freeze-dried specialty foods. The meals are mild and are also especially suited for small children and older persons. As of fall 2013, we will also offer a 7 Days Food Package in addition to the current Survival Packs for 30 or 90 days or 12 months.
Everybody who heads off down the road less traveled without a restaurant around the corner needs to have something to eat in his or her pack, something nutritious and of course also easy to carry. Meals in a pouch, for example from Trek'n Eat, are usually the right choice. Pros: They keep for months, plus for the most part the meals maintain their original flavor, vitamins and nutrients. The only prerequisite for all of these meals is hot water. In a video segment from the German channel n-tv (German only), different brands of outdoor meals were tested recently. Optimus provided stoves and cookware. The results of the taste-tasting of the meals in a pouch can be seen in this video. The entire test can be found in the current edition of the Swiss magazine "Outdoorguide".
The German online retailer bergfreunde.de has done some exact testing and tasting of our Trek'n Eat meals. The freeze-dried dishes from Trek'n Eat offer minimal weight and maximal energy for all outdoor activities. And all of that without preservatives, artificial colors and flavor-enhancing additives. That's what our "All Natural" label on every Trek'n Eat product stands for. Resealable standup pouches that need only minimal amounts of hot water added have been well recognized among Trek'n Eat fans for a long time. Trek'n Eat pouches are easy to open, even with gloves on, thanks to tear notches and perforations. Also on the packaging is valuable information in six languages about the meal and any possible allergens in them. Click here to see the test from bergfreunde.de.
Katadyn Products AG opened its doors in Switzerland for business partners, neighbors, associates and their families on June 1, 2013. More than 300 guests showed up for the dedication of the company's new headquarters despite pouring rain. The dedication speech at the headquarters in Kemptthal near Zurich was given by Chairman Adrian Schmassmann. Afterward, he and CEO Trix Ammann led tours through the new production halls, offices and warehouses for those interested. A festive mood reigned in a tented area. While the grown-ups enjoyed the ample buffet and conversed with each other, the little ones were entertained by magician Dan White. Thanks to everyone who came to visit. The day was over too quickly – just the rain went on and on.
The Katadyn Group sets future strategic course and the revenue hurdle of CHF 50 million moves within reach. 2012 was a successful year for the Katadyn Group, marked by forward-looking investments domestically and internationally. Group revenues hit CHF 45.5 million and thus were 7.4% higher than the prior year. In particular, though, 2012 was the year crucial steps were taken in laying a foundation for continued future success. In the fall, the Swiss headquarters moved into a new factory and office building in Kemptthal outside of Zurich. And in August, after a short construction period of only 10 months, a new production facility in Romania was opened. In addition, in the United States, the brand portfolio was expanded with an asset acquisition of a freeze-dried food company.
Katadyn Germany gives a hearty welcome to Franziska Heinritz. Franziska has assisted the operations team of Katadyn Germany since April 8, 2013. The 29 year old comes from the camping and RV sector and is already excited to be able to greet customers at the Caravan Salon show in Dusseldorf. In her freetime, she likes to travel or ride her bike.
In order to ensure that your sales inquiries are answered as quickly as possible, we ask that you always use the general email for our inside sales team: email@example.com
· Outdoor Retailer Summer Market, Salt Lake City, USA (July 31 – Aug 3, 2013)
· Caravan Salon in Düsseldorf, Germany (August 30 – September 8, 2013)
· MSPO in Kielce, Poland (September 2 – 5, 2013)
· AidEx in Brussels, Belgium (November 13 and 14, 2013)
· METS in Amsterdam, The Netherlands (November 19 – 21, 2013)
Swiss Water TalkViola FreyCorporate CommunicationsPfäffikerstrasse 378310 KemptthalSwitzerlandPhone +41 44 839 21 16Fax +41 44 839 21 firstname.lastname@example.com
If you do not wish to receive any further issues of our Newsletter, click here


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|Driver Hurt in Deep Gap Rollover Wreck
|Written by Steve Frank
|Thursday, 31 January 2013 09:09
The driver of an SUV was hurt this morning when he lost control of his vehicle, struck concrete pillars, and flipped his vehicle. 57-year old Wilfredo Flores of South Slope Loop Banner Elk suffered some injures in the 7:25am wreck, trooper Hodges saying that Flores was traveling too fast
for the curves and ran off the road, causing the crash. Watauga Medics transported Flores to Watauga Medical Center after initial treatment by Deep Gap First Responders while Deep Gap Fire kept traffic flowing around the scene. Trooper Hodges cited Wilfredo Flores with Exceeding a Safe Speed in the wreck.
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The Utah Humanities Council has announced the appointment of Nancy Bentley as a member of the organization's Board of Directors. Bentley is one of five new board members who will serve at least a three-year term. As a nonprofit organization that serves the entire state of Utah, the Utah Humanities Council selects board members from a wide variety of backgrounds, and from across the state.
Bentley will be Price's connection to the Utah Humanities Council, so feel free to contact her for more information about UHC and its role in your local community.
Since 1987, Bentley has been the Director of Active Re-Entry, a grassroots community based program which assists individuals of all ages and all disabilities to live more independently within their own home and community. Previously, she was Human Services Program Manager for the Southeastern Utah Association of Local Governments where she oversaw the initiation of a number of programs including food banks, child abuse prevention programs, a women's shelter, and Active Re-Entry, to name a few.
She received a B.S. in Environmental Studies/Range Management from Utah State University, which led to her first job at the SEUALG as the Water Quality Manager, coordinating and overseeing the installation of a sewer system to cabins at Scofield Reservoir before moving into human services. She has a M.S.S. degree from USU. Programs involving animal-assisted therapy are a great passion of hers.


text: This means that the statistics returned will vary slightly from the real statistics. For instance, if Michael Vick passed for 179 yards in Week 5, then he might have 195 yards passing in our developer's API. This is how we protect our product while allowing potential customers to develop their applications without a significant investment.


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PAWTUCKET – When it comes to the city's rat population, Shaun R. Logue knows his enemy.
He knows rats are extremely intelligent, highly adaptable and will eat almost anything.
Logue, the city's zoning and code enforcement director, also knows urban rats can get big — really big.
"There are some big guys out there," he says. "I've seen them as big as opossums at the transfer station."
Known as the city's chief ratbuster, Logue is the driving force behind Pawtucket's renewed efforts to win the city's war on rats and he's taking his crusade to the city's Fairlawn and Woodlawn neighborhoods — two areas where rats are often seen scurrying down streets and through backyards.
The city is holding two community meetings next week to provide neighborhood residents with information on the city's latest attempts to combat rats, including a new neighborhood rodent task force created to investigate rat harborage hot spots, and the bolstering of the city's "E-rat" computer-based tracking system.
The meetings, both at 6:30 p.m., will be held on Monday, at the Smithfield Congregational Church Hall, 514 Smithfield Ave., and Tuesday at the Woodlawn Community Development Center, 210 West Avenue.
There's no official estimate of how many rats rove the city's streets, but Logue says there are plenty.
"On average, we get 15 to 20 rat complaints a week, predominately from the Fairlawn and Woodlawn neighborhoods, which are located on either side of the city's waste transfer station," says Logue.
Rats will nest under buildings and concrete slabs, along stream banks, and in garbage dumps. Often, they will burrow under the foundations of buildings and develop an elaborate burrow system with an entrance and several escape holes.
Rats are usually nocturnal; however, as population densities increase they may be seen during daylight hours. They have an excellent sense of smell, taste, and touch.
Rat populations can expand rapidly. If unchecked, one pair can produce six to 12 young in 21 days. Sexual maturity is reached at three months.
Therefore, assuming adequate food, water, and shelter, a single pair of rats may multiply into more than 640 rats in one year.
Pawtucket officials have tried a number of innovative tactics to rout the rats, including bait stations at more than 100 locations throughout the city and a computer software system that allows officials to track rat complaints. The digital tracking program allows inspectors to keep track of where bait stations have been set, and will automatically pop up a follow-up notice two weeks after a trap has been placed. If no rats have come by, the boxes will be moved to an area they might be needed.
Logue says the bait stations are supposed to be checked every two weeks - in the past, bait stations have gone unchecked and untouched for as long as two months.
"This year, we're really going to be stepping up the two-week follow ups and take a more systematic approach," he says.
Logue said the new neighborhood rodent task force will be comprised of two workers from the city Department of Public Works, assigned part-time and trained by environmental inspectors from his office, to identify properties with substandard zoning conditions or other conditions that could lead to rat harborage, such as overgrowth, discarded materials and rubbish and other rodent attractions.
The task force will commence on June 12, working from 4 to 6 p.m. three days a week for several weeks during the summer.
"We will start with a sweep of the Fairlawn neighborhood where we will go up and down the each and every street," Logue said.
Logue says the main goal of next week's community meetings is education where he will give a presentation on the E-rat" tracking system and provide residents with information on rodent prevention. It will also be an opportunity for Logue to hear suggestions from residents on ways the city can improve its rat control efforts.
Dist. 6 City Councilor Timothy Rudd will be in attendance at the Fairlawn meeting and Dist. 5 City Councilor Jean Philippe Barros will be attending the Woodlawn meeting. In advance of the meeting, Suzanne Mailhot and other members of the Fairlawn Crime Watch will be distributing fliers on rodent prevention and response throughout the neighborhoods.
The meetings will also be an opportunity to meet members of the Pawtucket Police Department's Bike Patrol unit, under Lt. Kevin Santurri, which will be patrolling over the next several months in neighborhoods throughout the city.
According to Logue, cleaning up around homes and buildings can help control rat populations. Poor sanitation is one of the basic reasons for high populations of rodents in urban and suburban areas. Residents, he said, should pick up all garbage and litter, and store it in a rodent proof container. In addition to removing possible sources of food, they should also remove piles of trash or debris that could serve as cover.
"The transfer station is not the root of the rat problem in Pawtucket," he said. "The problem is that it's a dense urban area with a lot of different ethnic groups that we would like to educate about rat harborage, which is caused, in part, by overgrowth, junk piles and debris, and not picking up your lawn or after your dog. These are all simple things people can do to help us combat the problem."
Follow Joseph Fitzgerald on Tweeter @jofitz7
[1] http://www.pawtuckettimes.com/sites/default/files/060513ShaunLogueRATBaitStation_0.jpg


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Book your room at Hotel Berna
Get an overview of this hotelMilan business property near Grattacielo Pirelli
This smoke-free hotel is in central Milan, just 200 metres from Central Station, three kilometres from the Duomo and five kilometres from Santa Maria delle Grazie, home of Da Vinci's The Last Supper.
Property amenities
The concierge can advise on nearby sights and make restaurant reservations; and guests can relax over drinks in the bar and enjoy free tea and coffee in the lobby.
Complimentary minibars
The 116 individually decorated guestrooms feature light, modern style and furnishings; all are equipped with cable television, complimentary wireless Internet access and complimentary minibars.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Guests can relax over drinks in the bar, catch up with current events with newspapers and television in the air-conditioned lobby, where free tea and coffee is also offered, and surf complimentary wireless Internet. The concierge can book restaurants, tickets to shows, and tours, and multilingual staff at the 24-hour front desk can offer currency exchange, and a safe-deposit box. There is also secure parking for those arriving by car.
- Coffee shop or café
- Bar/lounge
- Conference space
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- 24-hour front desk
- Elevator/lift
- Number of floors - 6
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Concierge services
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free WiFi
- Express check-in
- Luggage storage
- Total number of rooms - 116
- Laundry facilities
- Multilingual staff
- Self parking (surcharge)
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Coffee/tea in lobby
- Television in lobby
- Number of meeting rooms - 2
- Smoke-free property
- Number of buildings/towers - 2
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Free Wi-Fi
- Soundproofed rooms
- Laundry facilities
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi
Self parking (surcharge)
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Hair dryer
- Climate control
- Phone
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Free toiletries
- Desk
- In-room safe
- Cable TV service
- Hypo-allergenic bedding available
- Soundproofed rooms
- Private bathroom
- Bidet
- Room service (limited hours)
- Free WiFi
Where to Eat
Guests of the Hotel Berna enjoy a buffet breakfast each morning (surcharges may apply).
The hotel does not have its own restaurant, but there are several dining options within the surrounding area.
Nearby restaurants:
Torriani 25
Nearby Things to Do
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Pets allowed, Maximum number of pets per room 1, Pet maximum weight in kg is 10
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on hotel policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Additional policies and fees may apply when booking more than 5 rooms. For more details, please contact the office using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking.
This hotel will place an authorization for the amount of the first night for any bookings where payment for the stay will be made on site instead of at the time of booking. For more details, please contact the office using the information on the reservation confirmation received after booking.
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 5 per person, per night, up to 14 nights. This tax does not apply to children under 18 years of age.
- Resort fee
- Fee for buffet breakfast: EUR 12.00 per person (approximately)
Hotel Name
- Berna Hotel Milan
- Hotel Berna Milan
- Berna Hotel
We should mention
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. This property's policy is to refuse certain bookings for the purpose of group events or parties, including pre-wedding stag/bachelor and hen/bachelorette parties. A resort fee is included in the total price displayed. Guests can arrange to bring pets by contacting the property directly, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.


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- Northern New York Newspapers
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POTSDAM State police on Wednesday arrested five people accused of shoplifting at the Walmart store on Route 11.
Leondre D. Simmons, 18, Maurice Irby IV, 19, and Evan E. Lapice, 18, all of Freeport, and Ana J. Castellanos, 18, Bronx were charged with petit larceny.
Troopers said the four were stopped leaving the store together Wednesday afternoon with $131.07 worth of merchandise for which they had not paid. All four were released on appearance tickets returnable to Potsdam Town Court.
In a separate case Wednesday night, Nijah M. Brumfield, 19, Brooklyn, was charged with petit larceny after she attempted to steal an undisclosed amount of merchandise, troopers said.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
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Product Information:
Pyrex glass bakeware/cookware is a must have for any serious kitchen. Each individual piece can be used for baking, cooking, microwaving, serving, and storage.
Product Details
Special Offer:
12 Issues of Money Magazine
Included with purchase ($20 value).
Weights & Dimensions
|Material: Glass
|Dishwasher Safe: Yes
|Product Type: Loaf Pan
|Number of Items Included: 1
|Non Toxic: Yes
|Scratch Resistant: Yes
|Stain Resistant: Yes
|Rust Resistant: Yes
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|Shape: Rectangular
|Handles: Yes
Lid Included: Yes
|Microwave Safe: Yes
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|Country of Manufacture: United States
|Product Warranty: 2 year limited
About the ManufacturerIt is estimated that nearly 75 percent of all U.S. households own PYREX products. Just as Kleenex® tissue has defined quality paper tissue and Thermos® container has defined quality thermal vacuum containers, PYREX is an American product that has defined quality, heat-resistant bakeware, prepware and serveware to several generations. When asked to name a glass bakeware brand, consumers most often reply "PYREX" products.
Back in the early 1900's, Corning Glass Works was working on a request from the railroads to produce lantern glass that would not break when the hot glass was struck by rain or snow. In response to this request, Corning developed globes made from low-expansion glass that could withstand the abuses of weathering and handling which readily broke the flint glass globes. Ironically, the shatterproof lantern globes generated were so good that Corning's managers witnessed a decline in sales of replacement globes. This super-tough "fire glass", as it was called, was resistant to temperature fluctuations, chemical corrosion and even breakage.
In July 1913, a series of events involving Bessie Littleton, the wife of the company's newest scientist, forced Corning managers to focus their attention on the consumer venture. Apparently, Mrs. Littleton had used a Guernsey brand casserole only twice when it fractured in the oven. Knowing the strength of the glass her husband worked with on a daily basis, she implored him to bring home a substitute from the Corning Glass Works plant. He returned the next evening with the bottoms of two sawed-off battery jars made from low-expansion glasses. Mrs. Littleton cooked a sponge cake in one of the surrogate baking dishes. She noted several remarkable findings: • The cooking time was shorter • The cake did not stick to the glass; it was easy to remove with little adhesion • The cake was unusually uniform • The flavor of the cake did not remain in the dish after washing • She could watch the cake bake and know it was done by looking at the underside.
Mr. Littleton brought his wife's creation to work the following day. Laboratory researchers inspected the cake, which was a "remarkable uniform shade of brown all over." The men deemed it delicious and very well baked. Thus began a two-year process to perfect this new invention. The notion of baking in glass was a whole new concept to the public. In 1915, a wondrous new line of "glass dishes for baking" appeared in the nation's hardware, department and china stores. On May 18, 1915, Boston department store Jordan Marsh placed the first PYREX bakeware order.
Sold under the PYREX® trademark, this transparent ovenware seemed to be the perfect material, for it was "swift, clean, and economical." Ordinary glassware easily chipped, cracked and broke. PYREX glass was different. This bakeware was not only sturdy, it was nearly unbreakable, eliminating the hassle and cost of replacement. (The durability factor would become even more important as resources grew scarce during the Great Depression and World War II.)
More About This Product
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We want you to love it. If you don't, you may return your purchase within 30 days of delivery. All you need to do is visit our Self-Service Return Center for instructions. Return credits are issued within 24 hours once the item is received and inspected. Please note that shipping charges are non-refundable. The cost of return shipping will be deducted from your refund. 30-Day Return Policy
Overall Rating
Based on 3 reviews
Customer PhotosAdd your own photo
Perfect! Elle from Orlando, FL on 06/04/2015 – Verified Buyer– Top 5 Reviewer
I bake bread about twice a week and wanted a way to store it until my family had finished it. When I came across these dishes with lids I was hopeful they would do the trick. Not only do they work well to bake the bread but they also work well at keeping it fresh. The seal is not a strong one but yet the bread is still moist and yummy after sitting a few days.
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Love these dishes!! JESSICA from JACKSONVILLE, NC on 07/25/2015 – Verified Buyer
Love these!! Great to put food in and place in fridge for later!! Transfer from fridge to oven!! Awesome!!
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Love Linda from Idaho on 07/15/2013
The loaf dish is just what I was looking for. Excellent value for a great quality item. No complaints here!
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- Northern New York Newspapers
- Watertown
- Ogdensburg
- Massena-Potsdam
- Lowville
- Carthage
- Malone
- NNY Business
- NNY Living
- NNY Ads
MASSENA Steps as small as changing the cleaning and cooking products you use at home may reduce the amount of pollutants in our rivers and lakes.
Reducing ones impact on the environment will be the topic of a series of workshops sponsored by the New York State Pollution Prevention Institute. Byproducts of chemicals used for home cooking, cleaning and personal hygiene are significant contributors to pollution in Great Lakes waterways such as the St. Lawrence River, according to Kate H. Winnebeck, senior environment health and safety specialist at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
RIT hosts the Pollution Prevention Institute.
Using a different type of shampoo or home-cleaning product or getting away from Teflon-coated frying pans could significantly lower pollution going into the St. Lawrence River if enough people took part, she said.
Theres a lot of small things you can do at home to reduce pollution. Its not meant to be expensive, Ms. Winnebeck said.
The free workshops will be held from 6 to 8 p.m. March 25, April 8 and April 15 at the Massena Community Center, 61 Beech St. Each workshop is free and refreshments will be provided. The first workshop will address cleaning products and how they might affect the health of people living in the homes where they are used.
The goal is to clean up portions of the Great Lakes identified as areas of concern by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The federal agency also identified local portions of the St. Lawrence River as areas of concern.
A Massena native, Ms. Winnebeck said she hopes enough people take part in the workshops to turn around decades of pollution that resulted in the state Department of Healths warning not to eat fish out of the Grasse River. The warning, issued in the 1980s, was aimed at preventing residents from consuming carcinogenic polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, present in fish.
Although home products are a significant contributor, she said, the Pollution Prevention Institute hasnt identified what percentage of pollution comes from home products compared with industrial waste.
Thats the challenge we dont know exactly where some of these pollutants come from, Ms. Winnebeck said.
Thousands of readers like you have made Northern New York Newspapers the number one ranked website* for local news and sports coverage in the north country.
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Detective TurtleHolmes wrote:Yarr, oi also want the roll ove 'First Adfiser ta the Stars' 'coz oi loik dem celebbities on Bold anna Bootful.
TwistedSister wrote:You can't go wrong with a side of Bacon on your side.........
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ISSUE: Public/private partnerships
OUR VIEW: Good for us all
Recently, Scotty's Contracting and Stone Co. extended a financial hand of generosity to Kentucky. In a move unprecedented in the contracting world, Scotty's has agreed to complete necessary paving on Interstate 65 and to finance the work.
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text: Do death row inmates have a right to die? Share this story email Share this story «Previous 19 of 25 Photos Next » Read the story « » Oregon Death Penalty FILE - In this Nov 22, 2011, file photo, Oregon Gov. John Kitzhaber pauses while announcing in Salem, Ore., that the execution of convicted killer Gary Haugen will not go on as scheduled and no more executions will happen while he is in office. The Oregon Supreme Court will hear arguments Thursday, March 14, 2013, from lawyers for Haugen and Kitzhaber--a lower court sided with Haugen, who says Kitzhaber overstepped his authority when he issued a temporary reprieve two weeks before Haugen was scheduled to be executed by lethal injection. (AP Photo/Don Ryan, file)


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Club America
Select shots from the Fire's friendly with Club America.
Credit: Brian Kersey, Chicago Fire
The Fire's summer friendly opponents and Team for the World alliance partners Club America took a further step to their first domestic crown since 2005, defeating Monterrey 2-1 (and 4-3 on aggregate) in leg two of the Liga MX semifinals Saturday night at the Estadio Azteca.
In leg one last Wednesday, Ecuadorian international Christian Benitez continued his exploits from the weekend's 2-1 victory over Pumas UNAM, scoring both goals in the team's 2-2 draw at Monterrey.
That result set the stage for Saturday's match, which saw America take the advantage just after the hour mark. In the 62nd minute, Aguilas midfielder Ruben Sambueza was brought down on the right side of the area by Monterrey defender Leobardo Lopez, forcing referee Jorge Antonio Perez to point to the spot.
A minute later, Aguilas striker Raul Jimenez placed his effort past Jonathan Orozco into the lower left netting to give America a 1-0 lead and 3-2 aggregate advantage.
The home side pretty much iced the series 19 minutes later after a Monterrey giveaway at midfield. Jimenez and Benitez quickly broke out in a give and go before the Ecuadorian was slipped into the box and finished past Ibarra for the 2-0 lead and 4-2 advantage.
The goal was Benitez' fifth in four playoff matches.
Los Rayados pushed late and pulled one back deep into second half stoppage time. Substitute Guillermo Madrigal settled in the box, turned and forced a diving stop out of Moises Munoz before striker Aldo de Nigris finished from close range.
The goal to the aggregate score to 4-3 but the referee blew the whistle soon after, advancing America to the Liga MX Clasura finals against Cruz Azul.
Leg one of the finals will be played at Estadio Azul in Mexico City on Thursday with the return leg at Estadio Azteca on Sunday.
The Chicago Fire take on Club America in an international friendly on Wednesday, July 10 at Toyota Park.
Atletico de Madrid takes Copa del Rey title
Atletico Madrid over came a 25-match winless run against city rivals Real Madrid and a 1-0 deficit to win the Copa del Rey 2-1 in extra time at the Santiago Bernabeu on Friday night.
Real Madrid took the early lead when Cristiano Ronaldo rose above the rest to head home a corner kick in the 14th minute.
Atletico would respond 21 minutes later when Radamel Falcao did yeoman's work at midfield before springing Diego Costa between two Madrid defenders. The Brazilian fired from the top of the penalty area and beating 'keeper Diego Lopez inside the left post.
You could see Real Madrid begin to come undone in the 75th minute when manager Jose Mourinho was sent off for leaving the technical area to argue a play.
Fifteen minutes later, Cristiano Ronaldo kicked Atletico defender Juanfran but the offense went unnoticed and the teams went to extra time level at 1-1.
Atletico would find the game-winner off a corner. Koke's take from the right was headed straight back to him but he whipped in another ball which found the head of Brazilian defender MIranda to beat Diego Lopez inside the near post.
The wheels came off for Real Madrid when Ronaldo was sent off following a scuffle at midfield in the 115th minute.
Shortly thereafter the referee blew the whistle, confirming Atletico's 2-1 triumph. The victory gave the club its 10th Copa del Rey title and first since 1996.
Our Team for the World partner Club America took a big step towards their first domestic title since 2005, defeating Pumas UNAM 2-1 in the second leg of the Liga MX Clasura quarterfinals on Saturday at the Estadio Azteca in Mexico City.
Heading into the match, America already held a 1-0 aggregate lead after Raul Jimenez struck in the 28th minute of the first leg on Wednesday.
Pumas pulled the series level by virtue of Robin Ramirez' classy one-time volley past Moises Munoz in the 21st minute.
Club America would re-take the lead as Ecuadorian international Christian Benitez finished from close range following a redirected shot in the 56th minute.
With the hosts already looking like they'd advance, Benitez put the final nail in the coffin deep into second half stoppage time, beating Pumas 'keeper Miguel Palacios inside the post to clinch a 3-1 aggregate victory.
With the win, Club America moves on to the Liga MX Clasura semifinals and will vist Montrerrey in Wednesday's first leg before welcoming los Rayados to the Azteca for leg two Saturday night.
The Chicago Fire face Club America in an international friendly on Saturday, July 10 at Toyota Park.
Atletico Madrid
Atletico came away with a 1-1 draw away to bottom-of-the-table Mallorca this past weekend. After going up 1-0 through Raul Garcia in the 72nd minute, Mallorca equalized in the 87th through Kevin.
Atletico Madrid take a short break from league action Thursday when they pay a visit to Getafe for the second leg of their Copa del Rey tie in which los Rojiblancos 3-0 on aggregate.
Now sitting 11 points behind La Liga leaders Barcelona, Atletico will look to close the gap when they welcome Real Zaragoza to the Calderon this Sunday.
Club America
Los Aguilas opened the 2013 Clausura campaign with a 2-1 come-from-behind victory over Monterrey Saturday afternoon in Mexico City. Ecuadorian midfielder Walter Avoyi put the visitors ahead from the penalty spot in the 15th minute before America's Jesus Molina equalized in the 39th.
With the match looking like it would end in a 1-1 draw, America was granted a late penalty kick which Rubens Sambueza converted in the 94th minute to clinch the three points.
The club will hope to continue it's one-hundred percent record when they visit Jaguares this Friday.
Turkish side Besiktas most recently fell 2-0 to German side Wolfsburg in a friendly match this past Sunday. They'll continue their winter break before returning to Super Lig action January 19 in a derby match against Istanbul BB.
Raja Casablanca
Raja Casablanca maintained their GNF league lead with a convincing 4-1, win over Difaa El Jadida this past Sunday. This upcoming Sunday, they will try to keep their slim league lead against lowly Raja Beni Mellal.


text:
Today will be my last day as administrator and general poobah of this community.
I will be finishing my PhD and starting a real job in a few months, and the demands of my dissertation don't afford me the time this board deserves. This will only get worse when I start a job, so it's time for me to step down and let others take over.
You'll notice over the next few days and weeks changes to the admin and mod staff, and perhaps changes to rules and procedures as the fresh blood decides what's the best way to run this place. Try to be nice, they're all learning how everything here works, and will probably experiment on you a bit to see what choices are best.
It's been fun!


text: There is a Google map, I'm sure quite a lot of us are on it. There's a link to it in a thread here somewhere. I would go and look for it, but it's late, and I am lazy as well as tired. Best of luck, though!lapubell wrote:I read somewhere about someone wanting a database to show off all the pastafarians out there.


text:
Click on the broken link graphic and fill in the form
African American Genealogy Resources: States/Tennessee
From Christine's Genealogy Website.
A heritage program sponsored by the East Tennessee Historical Society, honoring descendants of the first settlers of Tennessee.
Index of GEDCOM files found online, arranged by surname and given name.
Gen. James Robertson of TN: History & Genealogy
Gen. James Randolph Robertson is a significant historical personality. Andrew Jackson called him the Father of Tennessee for leading the perilous settlement, far beyond the then frontier, into the middle TN area.
Online County and Town Histories - Tennessee
This site provides over 3,000 links to free county and town histories published from 1850 to the early 1920s. These histories often contain detailed biographies of their citizens.
Our Family Tree - Tennessee Genealogy
Collection of family trees and resources for the state of Tennessee: Denton, Burks, Smithson, Siler, Williams, Pope, Jones, Marriott, Edney, Strange
This ongoing project is a collection of African American slave names that were printed in west Tennessee newspapers before 1865. These men, women and children were advertised as runaway slaves or listed as property for sale.
Taken from The Scotch-Irish in America: Proceedings of the Scotch-Irish Congress at Columbia, Tennessee, May 8-11, 1889.
Settlers and Intruders on Cherokee Indian Lands 1801-1816
Excerpts from the papers of the Cherokee Indian Agency in Tennessee.
Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730-1842
Contains approximately 2,000 documents and images relating to the Native American population of the Southeastern United States from the collections of the University of Georgia Libraries, the University of Tennessee at Knoxville Library, the Frank H. McClung Museum, the Tennessee State Library and Archives, the Tennessee State Museum and the Museum of the Cherokee Indian. The documents are comprised of letters, legal proceedings, military orders, financial papers, and archaeological images relating to Native Americans in the Southeast.
Tennessee African American Griots
This site is dedicated to preserving Tennessee African American Genealogy and History.
The Washingtons of Wessyngton Plantation
The Wessyngton Plantation was established in 1796 by Joseph Washington 1770-1848, a cousin of President Washington. By 1860 Wessyngton encompassed more than 15,000 acres and held 274 slaves there. Names associated with the plantation include: WASHINGTON, CHEATHAM, BLOW, GREEN, WHITE, WILLIAMS, TERRY, LEWIS, SCOTT, and GARDNER. I have traced all the families from this plantation (descendants of the plantation owners and the enslaved population). A detailed history of the plantation can also be found in my book The Washingtons of Wessyngton Plantation: Stories of My Family's Journey to Freedom.


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Heat Transfer Module
Heat Transfer Module
Software for General-Purpose Modeling of Heat Transfer in Solids and Fluids
The Creation, Consumption, and Transfer of Heat
The Heat Transfer Module helps investigate the effects of heating and cooling in devices, components, or processes. The module furnishes you with simulation tools to study the mechanisms of heat transfer – conduction, convection, and radiation – often in collaboration with other physics, such as structural mechanics, fluid dynamics, electromagnetics, and chemical reactions. In this context, the Heat Transfer Module acts as a platform for all possible industries and applications where the creation, consumption, or transfer of heat or energy is the focus of or contributes significantly to the studied process.
Material and Thermodynamic Data
The Heat Transfer Module comes stocked with an internal material database containing the material properties of a number of common fluids and gases that includes many of the thermodynamic data required for accurate analysis. This includes thermal conductivity, heat capacities, and densities. The Material Library is also a source for material properties, with either the data or algebraic relations of over 2,500 solid materials, where many of their properties, such as Young's Modulus and electrical conductivity, are temperature-dependent. The Heat Transfer Module also supports the import of thermodynamic and other material data from Excel® and MATLAB®, and for connecting with external thermodynamic databases through the CAPE-OPEN interfacing standard.
Additional images:
- Conjugate Heat Transfer: A fan and a perforated grille induce an air flow in the enclosure of a computer power supply unit to abate internal heating.
- Thermal Contact: Electric current produces joule heating in a contacting switch. The thermal and electrical resistances at the point of the contacts are coupled to the mechanical contact pressure at the interface.
- Induction Heating: Creation of high temperatures in a semiconductor manufacturing hot-wall furnace is achieved through induction heating. Surface-to surface radiation between the wafer slab and the furnace walls as well as conduction and convection are considered.
- Radiation: Free convection of argon gas occurs through density variations caused by temperature differentials. These are caused by the coupling of thermal radiation to heat transfer through conduction and convection.
- Phase Change: A rod of ice is held at freezing at one end, and 80 oC at the other. The graph indicates it temperature profile over a period time taking into consideration the latent heat and the difference between solid and material properties, such as conductivity and heat capacity.
- Thin Layers: Simulation of a heating circuit including DC induced Joule heating, heat transfer and a structural mechanics analysis of the thin resistive layer on a solid glass plate.
A Unified Workflow
The Heat Transfer Module is unique to the world of modeling as it is a dedicated tool for simulating thermal effects in your manufacturing processes and product designs. COMSOL takes a unified approach to both the model set-up and operation of your simulations for heat transfer and all other physical phenomena involved in your applications. You are thereby empowered with a standard tool for communicating with other engineers and engineering departments looking at alternate phenomena to yours. Irrespective of which physics you or your colleagues are working on within a particular application, your workflow is uniform and straightforward, and occurs as follows:
- Import or draw the device or system geometry in question
- Select material data or relations from the same files using constant or temperature-dependent properties
- Decide the best description of the heat transfer of your system from a range of tailor-made interfaces that may or may not depend on other physics coupled to your system
- Include any other physical effects that are coupled with the effects of heat transfer
- Define conditions and constraints on your system's boundaries
- Mesh your system, then use the same or derived meshes between different simulations
- Run the solving process, with an appropriate solver and settings for the analysis being performed
- Process and visualize your results, and present these on the same graphs and figures even if from different simulations
Unified Platform for Simulating Thermal Effects on Manufacturing Processes and Product Designs
Together with COMSOL Multiphysics and the wealth of add-on modules, COMSOL provides you with a unified tool for all facets of your processes and designs, regardless of the physical phenomena you are studying. You can be modeling the joule heating of your system's devices one day, the cooling of them by passing air through your system the next, and the thermal stresses your devices incur because of it the day after that. Or model all effects at once.
Heat transfer is an important physical effect that is mostly taken into consideration with other physical effects. Temperature fields lead to thermal stresses, while electromagnetic fields create resistive, induction, microwave, and RF heating. Fluid flow over different components and parts is essential for cooling them, while temperature variations have a very large impact on the material properties and their physical behavior when being thermally processed, such as casting or welding. The Heat Transfer Module includes a number of user interfaces for easy modeling of heat transfer coupled with other phenomena, and can be integrated into any of the other modules in the COMSOL® Product Suite.
The Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Fundamental to the Heat Transfer Module is the ability to perform computations relating to the conservation of heat, or energy balances, where a variety of phenomena such as mechanical losses, latent heats, joule heating, or heat of reaction are available. The Heat Transfer Module provides ready-made interfaces, known as physics interfaces, that are configured to receive model inputs via the graphical user interface (GUI), and to use these inputs to formulate your energy balances. As with all physics interfaces within the software from the COMSOL Product Suite, you can manipulate the underlying equations to provide flexibility for modifying the transfer mechanisms, defining specific heat sources, or coupling to other physics.
The Heat Transfer Module helps you investigate the effects of heating and cooling in devices, components, or processes. The software furnishes you with simulation tools to study the mechanisms of heat transfer – conduction, convection, and radiation – often in collaboration with other physics, such as structural mechanics, fluid dynamics, electromagnetics, and chemical reactions. In this context, the Heat Transfer Module acts as a platform for all possible industries and applications where the creation, consumption, or transfer of heat or energy is the focus of or contributes significantly to the studied process.
Support for modeling radiation is provided for a number of scenarios in the Heat Transfer Module, which includes specialized solvers to model the phenomenon and couple it with convection and conduction. The Heat Transfer Module provides tools for modeling surface-to-ambient radiation, ambient-to-surface radiation, and surface-to-surface radiation in transparent, opaque, and participating media.
The module uses the radiosity method to model surface-to-surface radiation, and accounts for surface-properties dependent on the wavelength where you can simultaneously consider up to five spectral bands in the same model. This is appropriate for modeling sun radiation, where the surface absorptivity for short wavelengths (solar spectral band) may differ from the surface emissivity for the longer wavelengths (ambient spectral band). In addition, transparency properties can be defined for each spectral band. The Heat Transfer Module also models radiative heat transfer in participating media, which accounts for the absorption, emission, and scattering of heat radiation in such media.
The presence of fluids in your systems invariably introduces convection to your heat transfer applications and energy contributions, through pressure work and viscous effects. The Heat Transfer Module easily supports these processes and accounts for both forced and free or natural convection. It includes a specific physics interface for conjugate heat transfer, where solid and fluid materials are modeled in one and the same system. To account for fluid flow, the Heat Transfer Module contains physics interfaces to model laminar flow and turbulent flow through using high-Reynolds and low-Reynolds k-ε turbulent models. In all flow cases, natural buoyancy effects occurring due to differences in temperature are respected by assuming nonisothermal flow. Integrating your heat transfer models with the CFD Module allows for further simulations of the fluid flow, including alternate turbulence models, porous media flow, and two-phase flow.
Additionally, the Heat Transfer Module provides features for simplifying modeling of convection, where fully modeling the fluid dynamics does not provide extra accuracy or is computationally prohibitive. The features are available through a built-in library of heat transfer coefficients, and can be used to simulate the transfer of heat between the surroundings of your systems and your boundaries through either forced or natural convection. The module also contains relations for different types of geometric configurations, like chimneys or plates (vertical, inclined, or horizontal), and different external fluids (air, water, and oil).
Heat Transfer in Porous Media
While the concepts of heat transfer in fluid flow for both laminar and turbulent flow in free media are quite well-known, the Heat Transfer Module also has robust interfaces for the modeling of heat transfer in porous media, accounting for both conduction and convection, in solid and open pore phases of the porous matrix. You can select different averaging models to define effective heat transfer properties that are automatically calculated from the respective properties of the solid and fluid materials. You can also access a predefined feature for heat dispersion in porous media, caused by the tortuous path taken by fluids through the pores.
A physics interface for the bioheat equation is provided in the Heat Transfer Module. The Bioheat Equation interface is the perfect tool for simulating thermal effects in human tissue and other biological systems, whether through microwave heating, resistive heating, heating through chemical reaction, or radiative heating. As always in the COMSOL simulation environment, temperature changes can easily be funneled back to the material properties of other physics, such as electrical material properties for a strongly coupled multiphysics simulation. Bioheating can be combined with a variety of phase change phenomena, including tissue necrosis.
Phase Change
Phase change is a disruptive property in heat transfer analysis. It can introduce hard-to-predict transformations of either the transient geometric interfaces between the phases, or sudden changes in material properties like conductivity, heat capacity, or flow behavior that can differ by orders of magnitude between the solid, liquid, and gas phases of the material. Phase change also introduces latent heats, which dominates in many heat balances. Through a number of different features and user interfaces, COMSOL Multiphysics and the Heat Transfer Module have the ability to account for these disruptions, including the ability to model volume changes using moving meshes. Also supported is the automatic definition of thermodynamic properties to account for sudden changes in material properties and still allow continuity through control of the interval between phase changes.
Thermal Contact Resistance
When two solid objects are in connection with each other, the resistance to heat transfer is often a function of how well they are pressed together and their respective surface roughness. The roughness creates small gaps between surfaces, which inhibits heat transfer, while pressing them together reduces these gap sizes. Physics interfaces are provided in the Heat Transfer Module to simulate the contact thermal conductance coefficient being dependent on the applied stress, on the specific conductivity in the gap, and also by accounting for the surface-to-surface radiation contribution between surfaces separated by small gaps. Integrating your heat transfer models with the Structural Mechanics Module provides direct coupling capability between the thermal and mechanical aspects of the contact, including thermal expansion.
Thin Layers and Shells
Your devices or processes will often consist of materials or domains that are geometrically much smaller than the rest of your system. Such examples include thin copper layers on PCBs, the wall of a pressure vessel, or thin insulating layers. Specialized modeling tools available in the Heat Transfer Module simulate these features and conserve computational resources. Highly-conductive shells are used in situations where the gradient of heat transfer is significant in the tangential directions of a layer or shell, and not across its thickness, avoiding the necessity to mesh over the width of this layer or shell. Yet, they couple the results from their solutions to the 3D entities, with which the layer or shell is in connection. This could be either a thin wall between two larger domains, a domain and its surroundings, or a layer embedded into the surface of another solid. In a similar way, physics interfaces for thin, thermally-resistive layers provide an easy way of representing poorly conducting materials.
The Thermoelectric Effect Multiphysics Node
Materials that display the thermoelectric effect are able to convert temperature differences to electric voltages as the heat flux contains charge carriers. Alternatively, applying a voltage to these materials results in a temperature gradient across the material. Devices made from thermoelectric materials are often used for electronic cooling or portable refrigerators, while thermoelectric energy harvesting devices are also popular.
The Thermoelectric Effect multiphysics interface is a combination of the Electric Currents and Heat Transfer in Solids interfaces. You get access to the full range of heat transfer capabilities of the Heat Transfer Module such as advanced boundary conditions and heat radiation. As with all other physics interfaces within the COMSOL Multiphysics software, the Thermoelectric Effect interface can be coupled to any other physics interface, such as the Solid Mechanics interfaced. Material properties for two common thermoelectric materials are available: Bismuth Telluride and Lead Telluride, and you can easily add user-defined thermoelectric materials.
Numerical Simulation-Based Topology Optimization Leads to Better Cooling of Electronic Components in Toyota Hybrid Vehicles
Toyota Research Institute of North America, MI, USA
The Toyota Research Institute in Ann Arbor drives cutting-edge research in energy efficiency, mobility infrastructure, and safety. Here, Ercan Dede and his team are designing heat sinks (or cold plates), which are affixed to fragile electrical systems and other applications in Toyota's hybrid vehicles. Their simulations simulate the cold plate ...
Multiphysics Simulation Helps Miele to Optimize Induction Stove Designs
Christian Schröder mieletec FH Bielefeld Germany Holger Ernst Miele Germany
The induction stove was designed to meet a consumer need for better precision and speed than traditional stoves. Designers were tasked with improving the energy efficiency of the induction coils-stovepot interaction considering both the thermal and electromagnetics of the system. Miele, a world leader in domestic appliances and commercial ...
Battery Simulation Propels Electric Cars in China
Dr. Songrui Wang Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin, China
Dr. Songrui Wang is a researcher at The Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, involved in battery testing and evaluation for design recommendations on safety. She analyzes the risk of potential fire hazards associated with lithium ion batteries, which are fast becoming the most popular sort of battery for vehicles, mobile devices, and many other ...
Conjugate Heat Transfer
Luke T. Gritter, Jeffrey S. Crompton, Sergei Yushanov, and Kyle C. Koppenhoefer AltaSim Technologies Columbus, OH USA
This is an application brief describing the concept of Conjugate Heat Transfer, which is important in many industrial processes, such as quenching. In this brief, they simulate the heat transfer with and without phase transformation to analyze the rate of heat dissipation with respect to the flow conditions of the coolant media. The fluid flow ...
Cluster Simulation of Refrigeration Systems
Stephen Codyer & Mehdi Raessi Department of Mechanical Engineering UMass Dartmouth Dartmouth, MA Jessica Currie & Vladimir GoldsteinSunwell Technologies, Inc., Woodbridge ON, Canada
Sunwell Technologies Inc. produces and distributes the slurry ice (Deepchill™) that is an environmentally-friendly way to refrigerate foods and other items in trucks and the like. They commissioned the Computational Multiphase Flows group at the University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth (UMass Dartmouth) to provide simulation support to the ...
Multiphysics Software, a Versatile, Cost-Effective R&D Tool at Sharp
Chris Brown Sharp Laboratories of Europe, UK
There are several kinds of technology that designers at Sharp Laboratories of Europe work to create. From LED lighting, displays, and microfluidic lab-on-a-chip technology, to complex energy systems used in various devices, Sharp needed a new approach to finding the best designs. COMSOL Multiphysics and its add-on products provided the ...
When it's Impossible to Take Actual Measurements, Multiphysics Provides the Answers
Simon Chiartano, Terres Réfractaires du Boulonnais (TRB), France
To contain splashes and provide protection at plants where metal is fabricated, blast furnace runners need a roof made of cast iron and concrete. Terres Réfractaires Du Boulonnais, a manufacturing company in France, has hundreds of blast furnaces with a short functional lifespan, so engineers need to design roof runners as economically as ...
Around the Clock Solar Power
ENEL, Rome, Italy
Italian utility ENEL and the Italian National Agency for New Technologies joined together to develop a new kind of Concentrating Solar Power (CSP), using Parabolic Trough CSP to generate electricity during sunny hours as well as under overcast conditions or at night. This new type of CSP plant depends on molten salt as a medium for storing heat ...
Keeping LEDs Cool Gets More Manageable Through Simulation
Aulis Tuominen and Mika Maaspuro University of Turku Turku, Finland Toni Lopez Philips Research Eindhoven, The Netherlands Sami Yllikäinen Hella Lighting Finland Oy Salo, Finland Raimo Laitinen ...
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) offer many benefits over incandescent lighting, such as long life spans and high luminous efficiency, and they are environmentally friendly. One of the drawbacks, however, is that LEDs need to operate at the lowest possible temperatures and this must be carefully regulated. Researchers at Business and Innovation ...
Switching Made Easy
Matthias Richwin, Leopold Kostal GmbH, Dortmund, Germany
Modern cars offer a wide range of complex functionality that comes with several design challenges. This story discusses some of the necessary updates to a roof module in a premium car and the charging system of an electric car. The roof module of a particular model houses several components. 90% of the generated heat goes into its printed ...
Multiphysics Analysis of a Burning Candle
Luke T. Gritter, Sergei Yushanov, Jeffrey S. Crompton, and Kyle C. Koppenhoefer AltaSim Technologies, Columbus, Ohio
Using COMSOL Multiphysics, AltaSim Technologies were able to predict the temperature distribution and flow pattern of a burning flame during steady state candle burning. In a burning candle, local temperatures in the flame exceed 1400 °C. The heat transfer would include radiation, conduction, and convection components while the low melting ...
Understanding the Origin of Uncertainty in Thermometer Calibration
Jonathan Pearce National Physical Laboratory UK
Thermometers have widespread application and like any measurement device, they must be calibrated. Many do this with the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), which is a platinum resistance thermometer that calibrates using a fixed point cell, which is a container with a well running through its center for insertion of the ...
COMSOL Assists Master Chef in Winning International Competition
Dagbjorn Skipnes Nofima Norconserv AS, Stavanger, Norway
Nofima is a research group majority owned by the Ministry of Fisheries that performs research and development in aquaculture, fisheries, and the food industry. Nofima collaborated with the Norwegian Centres of Expertise – Culinology and Chef Gunnar Hvarnes to promote halibut through a cooking competition and provided research to ensure a new ...
Optimization Slashes Energy Consumption in Silicon-Based MEMS CO2 Detectors
Serge Gidon CEA, Leti, Minatec, Grenoble, France
CEA-MINATEC is an international center for micro and nano-technologies which is funded by CEA, a French government-funded technological research organization. One of their current projects is developing silicon-based MEMS CO2 sensors that employ optical detection for monitoring adequate building ventilation. For the sensor to function, a ...
Simulation-Based Engineering Fosters Innovation and Invention
Ozgur Yildirim and Zihong Guo Intellectual Ventures Bellevue, WA
Simulation-based engineering is the key to shortening time to market for innovations. Intellectual Ventures, in Bellevue, WA, is reaping the benefits of using COMSOL Multiphysics to accelerate their workflow from design study to prototype, and then on to their customers as inventions through various partnerships and licensing programs. Projects ...
Heat Sink
This model is intended as a first introduction to simulations of fluid flow and conjugate heat transfer. It shows you how to: Draw an air box around a device in order to model convective cooling in this box, set a total heat flux on a boundary using automatic area computation, and display results in an efficient way using selections in data sets.
Convection Cooling of Circuit Boards - 3D Natural Convection
The suite of models examine the air cooling of circuit boards populated with multiple integrated circuits (ICs), which act as heat sources. Two possible cooling scenarios are depicted: vertically aligned boards using natural convection, and horizontal boards with forced convection (fan cooling). In this case, contributions caused by the induced ...
Parameterized Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Geometry
Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are commonly used in oil refineries and other large chemical processes. In this model, two separated fluids at different temperatures flow through the heat exchanger, one through the tubes (tube side) and the other through the shell around the tubes (shell side). Several design parameters and operating conditions ...
Tin Melting Front
This example demonstrates how to model phase transition by a moving boundary interface according to the Stefan problem. A square cavity containing both solid and liquid tin is submitted to a temperature difference between left and right boundaries. Fluid and solid parts are solved in separate domains sharing a moving melting front. The position ...
Heating Circuit
Small heating circuits find use in many applications. For example, in manufacturing processes they heat up reactive fluids. The device used consists of an electrically resistive layer deposited on a glass plate. The layer causes Joule heating when a voltage is applied to the circuit. The layer's properties determine the amount of heat ...
Phase Change
This example demonstrates how to model a phase change and predict its impact on a heat transfer analysis. When a material changes phase, for instance from solid to liquid, energy is added to the solid. Instead of creating a temperature rise, the energy alters the material's molecular structure. Equations for the latent heat of phase changes ...
Electronic Enclosure Cooling
This study simulates the thermal behavior of a computer Power Supply Unit (PSU). Most of such electronic enclosures include cooling devices to avoid electronic components to be damaged by excessively high temperatures. In this model, an extracting fan and a perforated grille cause an air flow in the enclosure to cool internal heating.
Thermo-Photo-Voltaic Cell
This model illustrates an application that maximizes surface-to-surface radiative fluxes and minimizes conductive heat fluxes. A thermo-photo-voltaic (TPV) cell generates electricity from the combustion of fuel and through radiation. The fuel burns inside an emitting device that radiates intensely. Photo-voltaic (PV) cells—almost like solar ...
Non-Isothermal MEMS Heat Exchanger
The example concerns a stainless-steel MEMS heat exchanger, which you can find in lab-on-a-chip devices in biotechnology and in microreactors such as for micro fuel cells. This model examines the heat exchanger in 3D, and it involves heat transfer through both convection and conduction. The model solves for the temperature and heat flux in ...
Fluid-Structure Interaction in Aluminum Extrusion
In massive forming processes like rolling or extrusion, metal alloys are deformed in a hot solid state with material flowing under ideally plastic conditions. Such processes can be simulated effectively using computational fluid dynamics, where the material is considered as a fluid with a very high viscosity that depends on velocity and ...


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Plant Conservation
The Conservation Professional Section (CPS) provides a resource for conservation and scientific professionals working in and with public gardens. Many botanic gardens, arboreta and botanical institutions around the world (hereafter collectively referred to as gardens) have embraced plant conservation as part of their mission. Conservation actions can take many forms from strictly educational efforts, to seed banking activities, natural area management and restoration, and related applied conservation research.
Gardens are diverse in scope, size, mission, age, constituents, and other characteristics. Nevertheless, all gardens can contribute to conservation in some way. Gardens collectively introduce millions of people per year to the beauty and importance of plant diversity. Some of the expertise resident within botanic gardens, such as plant propagation, horticultural management, floristics and ecological knowledge, can easily be applied to conservation problems. Gardens often have important facilities and land holdings for conservation research, including greenhouses, seed storage facilities, nursery space and natural areas. In addition garden research can sometimes take place on a much longer time scale than most academic research. Gardens can use staffing and information management practices that allow mission-driven projects to continue beyond the employment period of any individual researcher.
The CPS commits itself to fostering, recognizing, learning from, and achieving conservation best practices at public gardens. The CPS welcomes APGA members from all disciplines and organizational levels interested in pursuing plant conservation practice and research in public gardens.
Links of Interest
Professional Development
Online discussion groups coming soon!


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NY Gov. Cuomo Proposes Buying Homes Devastated By Sandy To Preserve Flood Prone Areas
Residents walk by a flood damaged home in Oakwood Beach in Staten... NyhetsfotoCivilperson,Extremt väder,Förstörande,Gå,Horisontell,Olyckor och katastrofer,Orkan,Politik,Skadad,Staden New York,Staten Island,Storm,USA,Väder,ÖversvämningPhotographer Spencer PlattCollection: Getty Images News 2013 Getty ImagesNEW YORK, NY - FEBRUARY 05: Residents walk by a flood damaged home in Oakwood Beach in Staten Island on February 5, 2013 in New York City. In a program proposed by New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, New York state could spend up to $400 million to buy out home owners whose properties were destroyed by Superstorm Sandy. The $50.5 billion disaster relief package, which was passed by Congress last month, would be used to fund the program. If the program is adopted, homeowners would be relocated and their land would be left as a natural barrier to help absorb future floods waters. (Photo by Spencer Platt/Getty Images)


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