text:
|Número de publicación
|Tipo de publicación
|Número de solicitud
|Fecha de publicación
|8 Jun 2006
|Fecha de presentación
|27 Ene 2006
|Fecha de prioridad
|28 Feb 2002
|También publicado como
|Número de publicación
|Len Hedge, Huafeng Wen, Srinivas Kaza
|Cesionario original
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Exportar cita
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citas de patentes (87), Citada por (9), Clasificaciones (11), Eventos legales (2)
|Enlaces externos: USPTO, Cesión de USPTO, Espacenet
The present invention is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/466,029 filed May 27, 2003, which is a continuation in part of application Ser. No. 10/280,535 filed Oct. 24, 2002, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/087,126, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,499,997.
The present invention is related generally to the field of orthodontics.
Orthodontic treatments involve repositioning misaligned teeth and improving bite configurations for improved cosmetic appearance and dental function. Repositioning is accomplished by applying gentle controlled forces to the teeth over an extended period of time. Due to the limited space within the oral cavity and extensive movements that some teeth must undergo, the teeth will often be moved throughout a series of intermediate patterns to properly arrange the teeth. For example, molars may be temporarily distalized to create adequate space for movement of the incisors. Thus, a single patient may experience an average of 25-30 stages or alignment patterns before achieving the final desired configuration.
Such repositioning may be accomplished with a variety of orthodontic treatments and dental appliances, including conventional braces, spring retainers, positioners, and other removable aligners. With any treatment, an initial mold of the patient's teeth is made. This mold provides a model of the patient's teeth that the orthodontist uses to formulate a treatment strategy. In some instances, it may be desirable to create additional molds of the patient's teeth throughout the treatment plan to reflect individual stages. For example, the treatment strategy may be re-evaluated or a dental appliance may need to be fit to an intermediate tooth configuration.
The need for intermediate tooth configuration molds is particularly significant when using removable elastic appliances to move the teeth. Such elastic appliances typically include a thin shell of elastic material that generally conforms to the pattern of a patient's teeth, but is slightly out of alignment with the initial tooth configuration. By properly choosing the alternate configuration, placement of the elastic appliance over the teeth will move individual teeth to a desired position. Over time, multiple elastic appliances used in successive stages of treatment, will move the teeth to intermediate or final tooth positions. Such a system is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,893, and in published PCT application WO 98/58596 which designates the United States and which is assigned to the assignee of the present application. Both these documents are incorporated by reference for all purposes. When using elastic appliances as described above, a series of appliances are made to reflect the successive stages of treatment. Such appliances are typically made by heating and vacuum or pressure-sealing a sheet of thermoformable plastic over the dentition of a mold.
Traditional methods of dental mold making may be utilized to fabricate a mold for such use. These methods require first forming an impression of the patent's dentition using a suitable impression material, such as alginate or polyvinylsiloxane (PVS). Plaster is then poured into the impression to create a permanent, three-dimensional mold of the dentition. To create an appliance to reflect the next desired tooth configuration in the series of treatment stages, a new mold must be created to reflect the desired configuration. This involves individually cutting the teeth from the mold and resetting the teeth in the desired configuration. Wax is then used to fill in the spaces and represent gingiva. This is a tedious process which compounds both cost and time of treatment for the patient. Resetting is accomplished by either taking into service a laboratory technician or by sending the mold out to a dental laboratory. This process typically requires 2.5 weeks to be accomplished. This represents lost time in the treatment plan as the patient cannot progress to the next stage of treatment until a positioning appliance with the new desired configuration is created. Since such an orthodontic treatment may require, for example, 25 intermediate reset molds to represent 25 stages of treatment progress, the cost and time required for such mold making may be prohibitively high.
The process of iterative mold making may be improved with the use of digital imaging and computer controlled molding systems. Here the patient's initial tooth arrangement and shape of the patient's dental arch are represented by a digital data set.
The data set can then be manipulated to reflect progressive tooth arrangements. For each arrangement, the data may be used to guide computerized model fabrication systems to create a corresponding three-dimensional mold. Such techniques may speed production time and reduce costs by eliminating the need for artistic resetting of teeth in mold 20 manufacturing.
Although the above described process aids in the production of iterative molds, further improvement may be desired. The cost in time and materials to produce each mold, though lessened, may still be significant. This cost is additive, as each new stage in treatment or each change in treatment requires the production of a new mold. Likewise, the cost of storing a series of molds for each patient throughout treatment may be formidable. In addition, it may be desirable to visualize a sequence of treatment stages, particularly in an academic environment or in a preliminary patient meeting.
For these reasons, it would be desirable to provide an alternative apparatus and methodology for realizing a series tooth configurations. Such apparatus and methods should be economical, reusable, reduce time consumption, reduce material waste, and, in particular, should reduce the need for fabricating multiple casts of teeth arrangements for stages in the orthodontic treatment. At least some of these objectives, as well as others, are met by the apparatus and methods of the invention described hereinafter.
The present invention provides a manipulable or reconfigurable dental model system and methods for its use to model a series of tooth configurations corresponding to sequential tooth movements during an orthodontic treatment.
When a patient undergoes orthodontic treatment, teeth and bite configurations are realigned in a series of stages. Each stage represents a new pattern or dental configuration that will eventually lead to a proper final positioning of the entire dentition. Progress from the initial configuration, through the intermediate stages and finally to the final configuration may be accomplished using any one or a combination of different dental appliances. Of particular interest to the present invention, many of these appliances may be made using a dental mold representing the patient's dental configuration. In particular, thermoformable polymeric positioning appliances which fit over the patient's teeth may be formed over a three-dimensional mold of the patient's dentition. When successive appliances are used throughout treatment to reposition the teeth from initial to final configuration, a new mold has typically been produced to fabricate the appliance for each stage.
The present invention provides an apparatus and methods which employ a manipulable or reconfigurable mold to model patient dentition and optionally gingiva at each stage of treatment.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a single dental mold is manipulated and reconfigured to model different tooth configurations by controlling the movement of at least some individual tooth members, or groups of members, with manipulation mechanisms. The tooth members may be composed of any natural or synthetic material which can be formed to represent the teeth and other dental features in the dental model. Generally, the tooth members are supported by or on a frame which is typically configured to a patient's dental arch. The frame provides a support, typically a hollow interior portion in which the tooth members are positioned. The tooth members are coupled individually or in groups to one or more manipulation devices located on or in the support, typically being disposed within the hollow interior portion of the frame. Each manipulation device provides the mechanisms necessary to position and rearrange one or more of the tooth members relative to the frame and to each other. In this way, multiple successive tooth arrangements can be provided using a single mold without having to provide individual casts for each arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a dental model system is comprised of independently reconfigurable teeth and gingiva to model different tooth configurations with supporting gingiva. The tooth members may be designed and manipulated as described above. The simulated gingiva may be independently manipulated to correspond to the patient's gingiva throughout treatment. The presence of simulated gingiva on the dental mold is necessary for the production of some dental appliances. For example, elastic repositioning appliances are typically formed over the entire dentition and may extend to partially cover the gingiva. After trimming of such appliances, portions of the gingiva may still be covered by the appliance, particularly in the regions between the teeth. Therefore, it is necessary to form the appliance with receptacles to receive the both the patient's teeth and associated gingiva for proper fit.
This may be accomplished with simulated gingiva which is integral or independent of the dental mold of the present invention. Likewise, the simulated gingiva may be manipulated independently or jointly with the tooth members.
While the present invention is most advantageously used with only a single reconfigurable dental model system, it will be appreciated that in some cases it may be desirable to employ two or more reconfigurable model systems for a single patient, e.g. when the total tooth movement is greater than that which may be achieved with a single manipulable dental model system. Thus, in some cases, two or more reconfigurable model systems may be used for preparing or modeling multiple sets of tooth moving appliances for a single patient.
After the tooth members and simulated gingiva on the dental mold are configured to a desired position, a dental appliance can be made to fit the dentition. In the case of elastic positioning appliances, a thermoformable polymeric material can be applied to the mold to heat and form the appliance. Alternatively, reaction casting may be used. The mold can then be reconfigured to permit fabrication of the next mold, and the steps repeated until the totality of appliances are produced. The appliances, of course, need not all be produced at the same time. Indeed, it is a particular advantage that the reconfigurable mold may be retained and used at a later date (i.e., after an initial production of appliances).
In the first aspect of the present invention, the reconfigurable model system may be produced with manual mold making methods. First an initial mold of the patient's teeth and dental arch are created. This may be accomplished with traditional mold making methods, such as those described in Graber, Orthodontics: Principle and Practice, Second Edition, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1969, pp. 401-415. The casts may be made from materials, such as plaster, stone, acrylic, urethane, epoxy, plastics, wood, paper, metals, ceramics, porcelain, biomaterials or any material that would provide a stable structure for later processing conditions. The teeth may then be separated from the mold using knives, saws, files or other cutting tools, or the teeth may be cast individually from known methods. The frame may be produced by a variety of methods, including machining, molding, or construction from functional materials. Likewise, the frame may be generated from the mold of the dental arch, by hand-carving, machining or other methods. Appropriate attachment sections for the tooth members may be generated for coupling the members to the manipulation mechanisms.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the reconfigurable model system may be produced with the use of digital imaging and computer controlled molding systems. To create the dental arch and tooth members, a digital data set (hereinafter IDDS) representing a patient's initial tooth arrangement and shape of the patient's dental arch is obtained. The IDDS may be obtained in a variety of ways. For example, the patient's teeth may be scanned or imaged using well known technology, such as X-rays, three-dimensional X-rays, computer-aided tomographic images or data sets, magnetic resonance images, etc. Methods for digitizing such conventional images to produce data sets useful in the present invention are well known and described in the patent and medical literature. Usually, however, the present invention will rely on first obtaining a cast of the patient's teeth by traditional methods as described above. After the casting is obtained, it can be digitally scanned using a conventional laser scanner, destructive scanning or other range acquisition system to produce the IDDS. General techniques for producing plaster casts of teeth and generating digital models using laser scanning techniques are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,459, the full disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Once the initial cast of the patient's teeth is made and digitized, a new cast model of the individual patient's teeth may be physically re-created from the IDDS. This may be accomplished with the use of a proprietary software application, commercially known as TREAT, available from Align Technology Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif. A description of the software is included in U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,893, previously incorporated by reference. With TREAT, a three-dimensional, digital image of the patient's teeth and jaw, including teeth, gingiva and other oral tissue, may be generated from the IDDS data. While viewing the image, the user can virtually delete or cut away any unwanted structure (i.e. data).
The teeth and frame of the reconfigurable model system may be produced with the use of the IDDS data and TREAT software. Individual teeth may be virtually isolated by deleting unwanted sections, such as surrounding gingiva and the base of the originally scanned cast. Optionally, the data can be manipulated, deleted or added to create an attachment section on the tooth to be used for coupling to the manipulation mechanism. The resulting data may then be used to guide model fabrication systems, such as stereolithography, CNC machining, laser machining, and other molding systems, to create molds of the individual tooth members. Similar methodology may be used to produce the frame. In this case, the teeth may be virtually deleted to isolate the dental arch and other desired features. Specific design features in the frame may be created by manipulating, adding or deleting data. The resulting data may then be used to guide molding fabrication systems, such as stereolithography, CNC machining, laser machining, and other molding systems, to create the mold of the frame. In either case, the molded parts may be made from a variety of materials, including but not limited to plaster, stone, acrylic, urethane, epoxy, plastics, wood, paper, metals, ceramics, porcelain or biomaterials, that would provide a stable structure for later processing conditions.
In a third aspect of the present invention, the molded tooth members, generated by any of the above described methods, may be coupled to one or more manipulation mechanisms. The mechanisms are preferably disposed within the frame and are coupled to the tooth members for independently moving each tooth member between a plurality of discrete or continuous positions. The movements may range from one to six degrees of freedom. The movements may be achieved by manual actuation of a mechanism or they may be controlled by a microprocessor in accordance with a software code. Likewise, the movements may be achieved manually with the visual aide of computer graphics. In any case, the tooth members may be manipulated to produce a series of tooth configurations for use in a variety of orthodontic treatments. Such uses may include but are not limited to visualization for educational or descriptive purposes, production of a series of removable elastic positioning appliances, and production of other appliances for dental applications.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, simulated gingiva may be present and may be manipulated to correspond to the patient's gingiva throughout treatment. Such simulated gingiva may be assembled with the tooth members and frame as an independent body, or it may be integral with the frame. Likewise, it may be manually manipulated or processor controlled. Manual methods may typically involve applying a putty-type material to the frame surrounding the tooth members. Such material may be, but is not limited to, wax, silicone rubber or polysiloxane impression material. Once applied, the putty may be manipulated by hand to model the gingival configuration of the patient. When the dental model system is to be reconfigured, the putty may be partially or entirely removed and reapplied when the tooth members are arranged in the new configuration. Alternatively, the simulated gingiva may be comprised of inflatable bladders or pockets which may be pressure controlled by hand or by a processor. The bladder material may be any elastomeric material, such as nylon, silicone, latex, polyurethane, or the like. The bladders may be present on the frame, surrounding each tooth member. As the bladders are inflated, with air or a suitable liquid, the surface geometry of the simulated gingival layer may be manipulated. In another embodiment, the simulated gingiva may be comprised of a flexible sheeting along the gingival line. Attached to the underside of the sheeting may be a series of support shafts which may be manipulated by hand or by a processor. Such manipulation may alter the surface geometry of the simulated gingival layer.
Additional embodiments of the present invention involve alternative designs and methods of reconfiguring a single dental model system to model different tooth and gingiva configurations. For example, a single model system may be comprised or partially comprised of a series of model shafts which may be manipulated individually or in the groups in the vertical direction by one or more mechanisms. The model shafts may be of any cross-sectional geometry and dimension, and they may have any tip design. In an initial position, the tips of the model shafts may be positioned along a plane parallel to the gingival line. Upon actuation of a mechanism, the model shafts may be raised to varying levels, individually or in groups. Together, the tips of the shafts may form the surface features of the tooth members, gingiva, and other dental features. Different tooth and gingival configurations may be accomplished by movement of the model shafts. In another example, a single dental model system may be reconfigured to model different tooth and gingiva configurations by repeated resurfacing of the original mold. In this case, portions of the original mold may be removed by manual methods, CNC machining, lasers or other material removal methods. Typically, such portions are superficial, allowing the underlying support structure to remain intact. Material may then be added to appropriate portions of the mold by manual methods, stereolithography, or other molding systems. Such resurfacing may be repeated to create different tooth and gingival configurations.
In a further aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for fabrication of a series of dental position adjustment appliances. The method includes providing a dental model system having manipulable tooth members. One or more of the manipulable tooth members is then positioned into a first-tooth arrangement. At this point, a first appliance is formed with an impression from the mold with the teeth arranged in the first-tooth arrangement. After a first appliance is formed, one or more of the manipulable tooth members is positioned in a second-tooth arrangement. A second appliance is then formed with an impression from the mold of the second-tooth arrangement. Additional successive appliances can be farmed at the same time and/or at one or more later times.
In an alternative aspect, an improved method for repositioning teeth is provided using appliances comprising polymeric shells having cavities shaped to receive and resiliently reposition teeth. The improvement includes determining at the outset of treatment, a geometry for at least one appliance selected to move the teeth to a desired intermediate arrangement and at a later time (usually after the teeth have been moved through at least one, and usually at least two, three, four, five, or more stages) determining one or more geometries for at least one additional appliance having a geometry selected to move the teeth from an actual intermediate arrangement to a successive intermediate or final tooth arrangement. The actual intermediate tooth arrangement may be determined by any available method, usually by taking a mold and optically scanning the mold, but optionally by direct optical or other scanning of the patient's teeth.
In yet another aspect, a dental appliance fabrication system includes a reconfigurable dental model including a frame having one or more tooth members disposed on the frame; and one or more micro-positioners each respectively coupled to the one or more tooth members to move the tooth members in six degrees of freedom relative to the frame.
Implementation of the above system may include one or more of the following. The micro-positioner has a handle to allow an operator to manually position said tooth member in desired configurations. A computer can deliver computer-generated instructions to said micro-positioner to position said tooth member in desired configurations. An arch-shaped conveyor can move the tooth members to position a different set of tooth members onto the frame. A pick-and-place system can mount each tooth member on the frame, or can mount a set of tooth members on the frame in parallel. The micro-positioner can be a Stewart platform or a hexapod. The micro-positioner can include a movable platform; and a plurality of actuators attached to the movable platform. A plurality of flexures configured to attach each of the plurality of actuators to the movable platform. The actuators are symmetrically attached about the movable platform. A sensor can be configured to sense movement of the micro-positioner and a motion limiter configured to limit the movement of the micro-positioner.
The present invention provides an apparatus and methods to produce and operate a manipulable dental model system to model a series of tooth and gingiva configurations for a single patient throughout orthodontic treatment. The tooth and gingiva configurations represent each stage of treatment from initial presentation, through intermediate stages and to the final desired configuration. The manipulable model system may be used for a variety of purposes, particularly for the production of polymeric and other elastic positioning appliances.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a single dental model system is manipulated and reconfigured to model different tooth configurations by controlling the movement of at least some of the individual tooth members, or groups of members, with manipulation mechanisms. Referring to
Also shown in
As described, the tooth members 101 are supported by a frame 102, which houses the manipulation mechanisms. A preferred embodiment of the frame 102 is depicted in
The tooth members 101 and frame 102 of the dental model system may be produced manually or with the use of digital imaging and computer controlled molding systems, as described previously. These production options are presented in a flowchart,
The tooth members 101 may be coupled to one or more manipulation devices by any of a variety of means. Referring to
In a preferred embodiment, the ports 106 provide access to the inner portion 110 of frame 102, as shown in
The simplified cut-away view of dental mold 100 shown in
To understand how tooth members 101 may be moved by a manipulation device 111, an arbitrary centerline CL is drawn through one of the tooth members 101, as seen in View A of
Accordingly, a practitioner can individually manipulate and arrange the tooth members 101 on the mold 100 to replicate a predetermined tooth arrangement. Each arrangement of the tooth members 101 may correspond to an incremental change in the configuration of the patient's teeth to provide a prescribed tooth movement required in each stage of an orthodontic treatment step.
The performance of six DOF movement usually requires a combination of components working individually and/or in unison to complete the various desired movements. In one exemplary embodiment, a tooth member 101 is coupled to a coupling member 109 at attachment section 108 at the bottom portion of the tooth member 101. Coupling member 109 is shown simplistically in
For example, certain movements may require that the coupling member 109 include one or a series of mechanical linkages, gears, springs, levers, hinges, cams, magnets and/or pneumatic pistons, used alone or in combination. The coupling member 109 couples the tooth member 101 to the manipulation device 111, also shown in a simplistic fashion merely for illustrative purposes and for generally understanding of placement.
Like the coupling member 109, the manipulation device 111 can be any single or combination of mechanical or electromechanical components that can be used to translate a driving force (electric or mechanical) into the directional movement of a member. For example, the manipulation device 111 may include a series of gears coupled to coupling member 109 and driven by a stepper motor. The motor receives a driving force, optionally from an external source, to drive the gears and incrementally rotate (i.e. arrows 203, 204, or 205) the coupling member 109, such that a degree of rotational movement is created in tooth member 101. Although, the actual mechanism used to provide the articulation of the tooth member 101 may comprise any number of interlinked components, it is likely that some of the components for providing such motion will be taken from the group comprising for example mechanical linkages, gears, springs, levers, hinges, cams, magnets and/or pneumatic pistons, used alone or in combination, as well as servos, solenoids, motors, electronics, solid state components, and the like. Alternatively, manipulation device 111 can be directly coupled to tooth member 101 without using intervening coupling member 109.
The manipulation devices 111, which create the actual six DOF movement of the tooth members 101, may be controlled manually and/or with the use of a microprocessor.
In one embodiment, the repositioning of the individual tooth members 101 involves at least some of the components of manipulation device 111 being manually operated (non computer aided). The manual controls may include, but are not limited to, knobs, screws, switches, joysticks, and other similar manual control mechanisms. In this embodiment, the practitioner will manually actuate each control mechanism, usually with finger pressure, which will in turn actuate the inner components of the manipulation device until a desired tooth arrangement is produced. Likewise, manual operation may be assisted with the visual aide of computer graphics or with instructions provided by software code.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus and methods of the present invention rely on the manipulation of manipulation devices 111 using a computer 300 or a workstation having a suitable graphical user interface (GUI) 301. In a specific example shown in
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dental model system may be comprised of independently reconfigurable gingiva, in addition to tooth members, to model different tooth configurations with supporting simulated gingiva. One embodiment of reconfigurable simulated gingiva is schematically represented in
Referring to
Manipulation of the simulated gingiva may be further refined by a number of design features. First, each inflation bladder 400 may house a number of smaller sub-bladders 405, as shown in
Another embodiment of reconfigurable simulated gingiva is schematically represented in
Additional embodiments of the present invention involve alternative designs and methods of reconfiguring a single dental model system to model different tooth and gingiva configurations. Referring to
Referring now to
When using the reconfigurable dental mold 100 to produce a series of elastic positioning appliances 103 for orthodontic treatment, the mold 100 may be manipulated through a series of tooth configurations representing each stage in orthodontic treatment. As described previously, the initial tooth configuration is represented by the IDDS. This digital information is introduced to computer 300 for manipulation of the mold 100. The IDDS data serves as a baseline from which manipulation of the tooth members 101 begins. The Align Technology software (TREAT) described above, may be employed to determine the final tooth arrangement prescribed as the goal of the orthodontic treatment. Alternatively, the teeth may be virtually repositioned based on the visual appearance or instruction from the orthodontist. However, once the user is satisfied with the final arrangement of teeth, the final tooth arrangement is incorporated into a final digital data set (PODS). Based on both the IDDS, FDDS, and optionally user input, a plurality of intermediate digital data sets (INTDDS's) are generated to correspond to successive intermediate tooth arrangements. The data sets are then reviewed by the orthodontist for accuracy.
In a preferred approach, the practitioner may direct the software to send an instruction to a manipulation device 111 to direct a tooth member 101 to move to a position which corresponds to a position digitally represented in the INTDDS and/or FDDS and visually represented on GUI 301. After the tooth members 101 are each manipulated and arranged to correspond to the INTDDS and/or to the FDDS data, the dental model system can be used to fabricate the system of incremental elastic positioning appliances 103 as described below.
Referring now to
The practitioner may choose to create configurations for a sufficient number of appliances at the outset of treatment which can provide the desired treatment goals (i.e. a final tooth arrangement), thus producing an initial set of appliances. For example, the practitioner may determine configurations at the outset for at least three appliances, but most likely more. Preferably the determination of the number of configurations and appliances created is dictated by the number of stages of treatment deemed necessary by the practitioner.
However, not all configurations and appliances need to be determined at the outset of treatment. A practitioner may choose to create from one to all appliances at the outset of treatment or the practitioner may wait and produce some appliances at a later time. Furthermore, it may be necessary to make appliances again at a later time to revise a configuration to redirect the treatment. To this end, the practitioner observes the patient at each stage of the treatment, to determine if a new configuration and appliance or set of configurations and appliances are needed to re-direct the treatment to reach the final tooth arrangement. If at any time after making an observation the practitioner determines that an appliance or set of appliances are not producing the desired intermediate tooth configuration, the practitioner can further determine an actual intermediate tooth configuration that can redirect the treatment. Subsequently, the practitioner determines the configurations that follow the newly determined actual intermediate arrangement for producing additional appliances for the re-directed treatment. In particular, once the practitioner decides that an initially determined set of treatment steps and appliances is not adequate, the practitioner can determine the actual intermediate tooth configuration that has been achieved, either by taking a mold or by direct scanning of the teeth, e.g. as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,893, previously incorporated herein by reference. Once the intermediate configuration is known, subsequent successive movement steps can be calculated and appropriate positioning appliances planned, also as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,975,893. A new set of appliances can then be produced and treatment resumed. In some cases, it might be appropriate to only partially plan the treatment at the outset with the intention of making a second (and perhaps third, fourth, or more) appliance at a time after the outset of treatment. The manipulable and reconfigurable dental model systems may optionally be used with the appliance planning protocols that rely on determining one or more actual intermediate tooth configurations during the course of a single treatment. The treatment cycle of observation of the intermediate configurations followed by either continuation to the successive configuration or modification of the treatment configuration can be repeated until the practitioner is satisfied that the final tooth arrangement has been achieved, at which time the treatment may end.
Referring now to
A sensor 607 is coupled to the platform 606 to provide positional feedback to the control computer. Alternatively, individual sensor may be provided on-axis with the actuator to provide precision measurement and control of the moving platform. 606. The sensor is needed for feedback control, but may be omitted for open-loop applications in which calibration of the stage may be sufficient to characterize the stage motion, or when other types of feedback, such as vision, are used. Additionally, a safety stop may be included in the positioner and may be positioned on either side of each actuator. This prevents accidental damage to the actuator due to, for example, unintended contact between a robot and the moving stage. In case of accidental contact, only limited rotation about the flexure would occur before the safety stop halts the movement.
The tooth member 602 can be positioned above the base 604 using a suitable pick-and-place machine available from. Philips or Siemens. The tooth member can be placed one at a time or in parallel (set).
In one embodiment, a physical model of the patient's teeth is obtained using suitable impression/mold technique. Teeth on the physical model are separated into individual tooth members using a CNC machine. The separated tooth members are then placed on a plurality of positioners 600. The positioners are then controlled or configured by the computer to position the tooth members into a dental mold configuration. At the outset of the orthodontic treatment method, the reconfigurable dental mold is manipulated to reflect the initial tooth and gingiva arrangement described by the IDDS. An elastic positioning appliance or other appliances may be produced from the mold in this configuration since the mold contains, in effect, positive tooth models of each successive stage of the treatment. After the positive models are prepared, a conventional pressure or vacuum molding machine may be used to produce the appliances from a more suitable material, such as 0.03 inch thermal forming dental material, available from Tru-Tain Plastics, Rochester, Minn. 55902. Suitable pressure molding equipment is available under the tradename BIOSTAR from Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd., Tonawanda, N.Y. 14150. The molding machine produces each of the appliances directly from the positive tooth model and the desired material. Suitable vacuum molding machines are available from Raintree Essix, Inc.
The mold may then be manipulated to reflect the first intermediate tooth arrangement prescribed by the first INTDDS. At this point, an elastic positioning appliance may be produced from the manipulable mold for the first stage of treatment in the progressive alignment series. Typically, such treatment involves a series of treatment stages. For each stage, the mold is manipulated to reflect the desired intermediate tooth configuration and a positioning appliance is produced. This is repeated for each INTDDS. Finally, the mold is manipulated to reflect the final tooth configuration prescribed by the FDDS, from which the final positioning appliance is produced. This appliance may be worn until the patient's dental features are properly aligned in the desired final arrangement, and it may be optionally worn thereafter to retain the teeth in the desired position.
In another embodiment, a physical model of the patient's teeth is obtained using suitable impression/mold technique. Teeth on the physical model are separated into individual tooth members using a CNC machine. Each separated tooth is moved by a pick and place machine or a 6-axis robot that selects the tooth and places the tooth on a fixed archform. An elastic positioning appliance or other appliances may be produced from the archform with the positioned teeth in this configuration since the archform with the thus positioned teeth is a positive model of each successive stage of the treatment.
After the positive model is prepared, a conventional pressure or vacuum molding machine may be used to produce the appliances. The pick and place machine or 6-axis robot then moves each tooth as appropriate for the next stage, and the next appliance can be produced. This process is repeated for all appliances.
In one embodiment, instead of making tooth members directly from an impression of the patient's teeth, an approximation can be used. In this embodiment, the patient's teeth are digitally scanned. Next, each of the patient's teeth is compared against a library of tooth members, and the closest tooth member is selected from the library as a proxy for the tooth. The selected tooth member is then placed on the base 604, and the next tooth is then evaluated. This process continues until all teeth have been placed on the frame.
The comparison of the patient's scanned teeth with the library of tooth member can be done using a number of features. For example, the library stores tooth members in accordance with the tooth type (molar, premolar, and incisor, among others). The shape, volume, and ridges of the tooth are used to identify the closest tooth having the same tooth type. Other basis for matching a tooth against a library of tooth members can be used.
An exemplary template teeth matching process is as follows:
While the above is a complete description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, various alternatives, modifications, and equivalents may be used. Hence, an arrangement of several co-operating hexapods can be used to provide its high stiffness combined with simultaneous movement around 6 axes, for example. Moreover, although micro-actuators and struts have been discussed with reference to the hexapod or the Stewart platform, the micro-positioner can also be a piezoelectric transducer such as lead zirconate titanate transducer (PZT). The PZT transducer responds to a voltage change by changing its length proportional to the PZT gain. PZT actuators consist of thin layers of electroactive ceramic material electrically connected in parallel and the total displacement is the sum of the displacements of the individual layers.
Other alternatives include having an array of pins that can be actuated to particular positions to form a predetermined 3D shape. The array of pins is actuated by a computer to form a positive model of a jaw at a particular treatment stage. The pressure or vacuum molding machine may be used to produce the appliances. Yet another alternative provides an may of air streams whose height is controlled in a manner similar to the actuated pins. The may of air streams form a virtual positive model of the jaw for each treatment stage and the molding machine can be used to produce the appliances. The array of pins or streams technique is advantageous in that no physical model is needed and the may can be reset for another stage without wasting material.
Other micro-actuators or positioners can be used as well. Therefore, the above description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention which is defined by the appended claims.
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|9 May 1972
|Lawrence F Andrews
|Method and apparatus for improved orthodontic bracket and arch wire technique
|24 Ago 1970
|14 Ene 1975
|Diecomp Inc
|Automatic method and apparatus for fabricating progressive dies
|10 May 1973
|4 Nov 1975
|Schudy Fred Frank
|Method and apparatus for orthodontic treatment
|5 Mar 1975
|20 Abr 1976
|Bergersen Earl Olaf
|Orthodontic positioner and method for improving retention of tooth alignment therewith
|24 Ene 1975
|5 Oct 1976
|Raul Acevedo
|Dental articulator, new bite registration guide, and diagnostic procedure associated with stereodont orthodontic study model
|11 Dic 1974
|11 Ene 1977
|Cooper Abraham J
|Dental restoration jig
|25 Mar 1975
|29 Mar 1977
|Dellinger Eugene L
|Method and apparatus for orthodontic treatment
|21 Ago 1975
|10 May 1977
|Gerd Haker
|Mould for making and holding working models for the manufacture of dental prostheses
|29 Dic 1976
|10 Jul 1979
|Frazier Paul D
|Method of constructing an orthodontic appliance
|7 Oct 1977
|17 Jul 1979
|John Gigante
|Method for making readily reshapable dentures
|4 May 1978
|25 Mar 1980
|Kesling Peter C
|Method for molding air holes into a tooth positioning and retaining appliance
|14 Jul 1980
|13 Abr 1982
|Paul Heitlinger
|Method for the manufacture of dentures and device for carrying out the method
|31 Jul 1978
|7 Sep 1982
|Kurz Craven H
|Vibrational orthodontic appliance
|3 Feb 1983
|23 Oct 1984
|Barrut Luc P
|Process and apparatus for treating teeth
|13 Sep 1983
|12 Mar 1985
|Osamu Yoshii
|Orthodontic treating device and method of manufacturing same
|26 Oct 1977
|19 Mar 1985
|Hito Suyehiro
|Orthodontic treating device and method of manufacturing same
|23 Ago 1984
|11 Mar 1986
|Moermann Werner H
|Method and apparatus for the fabrication of custom-shaped implants
|14 Abr 1983
|9 Sep 1986
|Francois Duret
|Apparatus for taking odontological or medical impressions
|28 Mar 1985
|14 Abr 1987
|Wolfgang Orthuber
|Dental apparatus for bending and twisting wire pieces
|21 Nov 1984
|5 May 1987
|Francois Duret
|Method of and apparatus for making a prosthesis, especially a dental prosthesis
|18 Sep 1985
|9 Jun 1987
|Malcolm Gill Ltd.
|Dental working model moulds
|3 Sep 1986
|3 May 1988
|Francois Duret
|Method of making a prosthesis, especially a dental prosthesis
|29 Ene 1987
|5 Jul 1988
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic anchor appliance and method for teeth positioning and method of constructing the appliance
|3 Nov 1987
|16 Ago 1988
|Excel Dental Studios, Inc.
|Dental impression supply kit
|8 Oct 1987
|27 Dic 1988
|Martz Martin G
|Removable tooth positioning appliance and method
|24 Oct 1986
|17 Ene 1989
|Great Lakes Orthodontic Laboratories Inc.
|Method of making a dental appliance
|5 Jun 1987
|6 Jun 1989
|Marco Brandestini
|Method and apparatus for the three-dimensional registration and display of prepared teeth
|30 Mar 1987
|25 Jul 1989
|Diamond Michael K
|Bracket placing instrument
|5 May 1987
|15 Ago 1989
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|29 Abr 1988
|26 Jun 1990
|Walker Peter S
|Method of designing and manufacturing a human joint prosthesis
|5 Oct 1988
|3 Jul 1990
|Elephant Edelmetaal B.V.
|Method of making a dental crown for a dental preparation by means of a CAD-CAM system
|12 Jul 1988
|23 Oct 1990
|Hans Steinbichler
|Process of making artificial teeth
|18 Abr 1989
|4 Dic 1990
|William Spencer
|Orthodontic appliance for reducing tooth rotation
|21 Nov 1988
|8 Ene 1991
|Loren S. Adell
|Method of making an orthodontic appliance
|24 Ene 1989
|30 Abr 1991
|Dolphin Imaging Systems
|Method for determining orthodontic bracket placement
|1 May 1990
|21 May 1991
|Gac International, Inc.
|Orthodontic archwire
|9 Jun 1989
|25 Jun 1991
|Regents Of The University Of Minnesota
|Method and apparatus for scanning and recording of coordinates describing three dimensional objects of complex and unique geometry
|20 Jul 1987
|30 Jul 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|6 Oct 1988
|8 Oct 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic positioner and methods of making and using same
|25 Jul 1989
|22 Oct 1991
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|5 Feb 1991
|31 Mar 1992
|Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation
|Coherent jet combustion
|11 Abr 1991
|31 Mar 1992
|Wildman Alexander J
|Orthodontic archwire shaping method
|9 Jun 1989
|9 Jun 1992
|Regents Of The University Of Minnesota
|Method and apparatus for manipulating computer-based representations of objects of complex and unique geometry
|9 Jun 1989
|7 Jul 1992
|Regents Of The University Of Minnesota
|Automated high-precision fabrication of objects of complex and unique geometry
|6 May 1991
|21 Jul 1992
|Ormco Corporation
|Orthodontic archwire
|8 Abr 1991
|21 Jul 1992
|Foster-Miller, Inc.
|Contact digitizer, particularly for dental applications
|19 Ene 1990
|18 Ago 1992
|Ormco Corporation
|Method of forming an orthodontic brace
|24 Jun 1991
|17 Nov 1992
|Bourke Kevin J
|Method and apparatus for dental treatment
|20 Dic 1991
|2 Feb 1993
|Regents Of The University Of Minnesota
|Automated high-precision fabrication of objects of complex and unique geometry
|21 Oct 1991
|16 Feb 1993
|Great Lakes Orthodontics, Ltd.
|Orthodontic finishing positioner and method of construction
|16 Abr 1992
|26 Oct 1993
|Regents Of The University Of Minnesota
|Method and apparatus for manipulating computer-based representations of objects of complex and unique geometry
|3 Abr 1992
|28 Dic 1993
|Foster-Miller, Inc.
|Method and apparatus for modeling a dental prosthesis
|7 Sep 1990
|11 Ene 1994
|Dolphin Imaging Systems
|Method and apparatus for generating cephalometric images
|22 Nov 1993
|16 Ago 1994
|Dacim Laboratory Inc.
|Dental modeling simulator
|6 Sep 1990
|23 Ago 1994
|Robertson James G
|Apparatus and method for recording jaw motion
|13 Jul 1993
|30 Ago 1994
|Deshayes Marie Josephe
|Method for modelling cranio-facial architecture
|9 Nov 1992
|29 Nov 1994
|Ormco Corporation
|Method for forming jigs for custom placement of orthodontic appliances on teeth
|27 Jul 1993
|17 Ene 1995
|Stern; Sylvan S.
|Method for making dental restorations and the dental restoration made thereby
|22 Oct 1993
|7 Mar 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Method of forming orthodontic brace
|1 Mar 1994
|16 May 1995
|Tp Orthodontics, Inc.
|Orthodontic finishing appliance
|9 Nov 1992
|11 Jul 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Method and apparatus for designing and forming a custom orthodontic appliance and for the straightening of teeth therewith
|25 Mar 1994
|8 Ago 1995
|Nobelpharma Ab
|Procedure and apparatus for producing individually designed, three-dimensional bodies usable as tooth replacements, prostheses, etc.
|9 Nov 1992
|5 Sep 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Custom orthodontic archwire forming method and apparatus
|29 Mar 1994
|19 Sep 1995
|Dentsply Research & Development Corp.
|Method of making a tooth mold
|9 Nov 1992
|3 Oct 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Custom orthodontic brackets and bracket forming method and apparatus
|4 Ago 1994
|10 Oct 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Coordinated orthodontic archwires and method of making same
|4 Ago 1994
|12 Dic 1995
|Ormco Corporation
|Low profile orthodontic appliance
|1 Abr 1994
|21 May 1996
|Ormco Corporation
|Method of forming an orthodontic brace
|4 Ago 1994
|9 Jul 1996
|Ormco Corporation
|Orthodontic appliance and group standardized brackets therefor and methods of making, assembling and using appliance to straighten teeth
|5 Jun 1995
|6 Ago 1996
|Ormco Corporation
|Bracket placement jig assembly and method of placing orthodontic brackets on teeth therewith
|27 Mar 1995
|27 Ago 1996
|Stern; Sylvan S.
|Method for making dental restorations and the dental restoration made thereby
|7 Jul 1994
|24 Dic 1996
|Nobelpharma Ab
|Computer aided processing of three-dimensional object and apparatus therefor
|31 Ago 1995
|25 Feb 1997
|Unisn Incorporated
|Method of and apparatus for making a dental set-up model
|7 Jul 1994
|4 Mar 1997
|Nobelpharma Ab
|Process and device for production of three-dimensional dental bodies
|28 Abr 1995
|8 Jul 1997
|Great Lakes Orthodontics Ltd.
|Orthodontic appliance debonder
|11 Jul 1995
|12 Ago 1997
|Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company
|Pouch for orthodontic appliance
|2 Jun 1995
|4 Nov 1997
|Ormco Corporation
|Custom orthodontic appliance forming apparatus
|19 Nov 1996
|31 Mar 1998
|Nobel Biocare Ab
|Process and device for production of three-dimensional bodies
|15 Nov 1994
|14 Abr 1998
|Echerer; Scott J.
|Radiographic image enhancement comparison and storage requirement reduction system
|28 Mar 1997
|18 Ago 1998
|Glatt; Marc J.
|Accessory device for a dental articulator and method for use in fabricating dental prosthetics
|28 Ago 1997
|2 Mar 1999
|Ortho-Tain, Inc.
|Appliance adapted to fit many mouth and tooth sizes for orthodontic correction and other uses
|20 May 1997
|9 Mar 1999
|Doyle; Walter A.
|Orthodontic bracketing system and method therefor
|8 Oct 1997
|2 Nov 1999
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for incrementally moving teeth
|28 Feb 2002
|31 Dic 2002
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Manipulable dental model system for fabrication of a dental appliance
|Patente citante
|Fecha de presentación
|Fecha de publicación
|30 Mar 2010
|24 Jul 2012
|Mitesh Patel
|System for vacuum formation of dental appliance
|12 Abr 2011
|21 Ene 2014
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Method and system for providing automated high scale fabrication of custom items
|27 May 2008
|10 Jun 2014
|Volvo Construction Equipment Ab
|Method for controlling a hydraulic system
|12 Oct 2007
|19 Ago 2014
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Prosthodontic and orthodontic apparatus and methods
|8 Jun 2007
|23 Jun 2015
|Align Technology, Inc.
|Systems and method for management and delivery of orthodontic treatment
|27 May 2008
|10 Mar 2011
|Volvo Construction Equipment Ab
|A method for controlling a hydraulic system
|12 Oct 2007
|30 Jun 2011
|Eric Kuo
|Prosthodontic and orthodontic apparatus and methods
|1 Sep 2011
|Artem Borovinskih
|Method and system for providing automated high scale fabrication of custom items
|17 Nov 2006
|28 Feb 2008
|Kalili Thomas
|Orthodontic repositioning appliance
|Clasificación de EE.UU.
|Clasificación internacional
|Clasificación cooperativa
|Clasificación europea
|14 Mar 2007
Owner name: ALIGN TECHNOLOGY, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:HEDGE, LEN;WEN, HUAFENG;KAZA, SRINIVAS;REEL/FRAME:019008/0674
Effective date: 20030522
|20 Sep 2011
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text: Lew Leroy | IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information IBDB: The official source for Broadway Information Official Broadway League sites: - sites - broadway.org broadwayleague.com broadwayfanclub.com kidsnightonbroadway.com stagespecs.org tonyawards.com Quick Search For: In This Category: All Show People/Org. Theatre Season Lew Leroy Performer Male Productions ProductionsDate of ProductionsThe Sunshine Girl[Musical, Original] Performer: Lew Leroy [Policeman]Feb 03, 1913 - Sep 20, 1913 Find out where Lew Leroy and are credited together © 2001-2015, The Broadway League, All Rights Reserved. (Copyright and Disclaimer)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
European Space Expo welcomes its 250.000th visitor in Vilnius! Zveřejněno:: 19/09/2013, Poslední aktualizace: 20/09/2013
European Space Expo welcomes its 250.000 visitor in Vilnius!
On September 19th, 2013, the European Space Expo in Vilnius had the pleasure to welcome its 250.000th visitor since the beginning of its Tour of Europe.
The European Commission has launched the European Space Expo, a free interactive exhibition that illustrates the services and applications derived from the major European space programmes in the domains of satellite navigation (Galileo and Egnos) and Earth observation (Copernicus).
The Expo is showing how space and its applications provide benefits to Europe's citizens and highlighting the critical role of the European Union in space and space-based technologies, which are expected to create global market opportunities and help to support job creation and economic growth.
This exhibition has already been deployed in several European cities, like:
- Copenhagen
- Toulouse
- Helsinki
- Brussels
- Vienna
- Larnaca (Cyprus)
- London
- Madrid
- Budapest
- Hannover
- Warsaw
- Bratislava
- Dublin
- Rome
The Space Expo landed in Vilnius on September 17th and will now go to Tallinn (1-6 October), Munich (5-10 November) and Lisbon (4-9 December).
With interactive and static displays, visitors can learn about the wide range of innovative technologies that space offers them.


text:
Reviewed By Dean P (SAINT AUGUSTINE, FL) Reviewed for a 2006 Chevy Suburban —11/20/2014 5:55 AM
The First and Middle row seats of my 06 Suburban were worn out. The leather was ripping and looked very worn and ugly. After Installing the New Tan Seat Covers it totally changed the appearance of the interior. It went from looking like an old worn out 06, to looking like a new car in the inside. It totally transformed the inside appearance.


text:
Denver cops say government spokesman shot wife, staged suicide scene
Kurt Sonnenfeld is charged with shooting his wife to death and Denver prosecutors know exactly where he is living.
But they may never be able to bring him to trial. His fate is being decided more than 4,000 miles away by federal judges in Argentina.
Sonnenfeld, a videographer who recorded recovery efforts at "Ground Zero" after 9/11, was a spokesman for the Federal Emergency Management Administration when he allegedly killed his wife Nancy, with whom he had been married 10 years, on New Year's Day 2002.
Sonnenfeld traveled to Argentina in 2003 after murder charges against him were filed then dismissed because of insufficient evidence. In Argentina, he fell in love with Paula Duran, married her and has stayed ever since, working as a videographer. He has twin 3-year-old daughters.
When Denver authorities filed murder charges against him for a second time the following year and had him arrested, he fought extradition. An Argentina federal judge and the nation's supreme court have rejected Denver's repeated attempts to extradite, citing concern about Colorado's death penalty.
Sonnenfeld wrote a book, which was published in May called "El Perseguido," in which he claims U.S. authorities have hunted him for what he knows about 9/11.
Sonnenfeld has been quoted as saying that U.S. government operatives conspired with Denver prosecutors to file false murder charges to destroy his credibility, knowing he has evidence U.S. authorities had a hand either in allowing 9/11 to happen or actually participated in the airliner attacks.
Joining Sonnenfeld's cause have been a juggernaut of advocates including people close to Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, 1980 Nobel Peace Prize winner Adolfo Pérez Esquivel and a dozen human rights groups.
In a series of e-mail exchanges, Sonnenfeld did not explain how his videotapes of Trade Center ruins prove U.S. complicity in 9/11, but he did amply rebut evidence presented in an arrest warrant affidavit by Denver homicide detectives.


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Portland's restaurant scene is all grown up, and that means we get a fancy food festival to call our very own. Feast Portland, the brainchild of former WW contributor Mike Thelin and PR consultant Carrie Welch, debuts this week and it's a bona fide big deal: marquee chefs, national media attention, its own flavor of Salt & Straw ice cream. It's pretty spendy and much of it is sold out, but we couldn't let it pass without comment. If you are going, or just planning to be in downtown Portland sometime over the next four days, here are 10 things to look for:1. East Coasters
This festival had its Travel Oregon-sponsored launch party 3,000 miles away in New York. Feast Portland costs $650 for a full weekend pass, so we assume moneyed New Yorkers are its target demographic.
2. White guys cooking Thai food
One of Feast's biggest coups has been scoring London-based Australian chef David Thompson, whose Michelin-starred restaurant, Nahm, charges $37 for a red curry. Naturally, he'll be hanging out with Pok Pok's Andy Ricker all week, cooking together at the $125-per-person night market, doing a guest dinner at Pok Pok, and railing against ignorant farang who dare put chicken in their pad Thai.
3. The 15th best chef in the world
French chef Inaki Aizpitarte's Le Chateaubriand is ranked the 15th best restaurant in the world. His dinner, a collaboration with San Francisco chef Daniel Patterson, is sold out, of course.
4. Andrew Knowlton being an expert on everything
Restaurant editor of major Feast sponsor Bon Appétit magazine, The Next Iron Chef judge and dreamboat Andrew Knowlton will be presenting classes on coffee-making, weird beers, cocktails and Thai street food. Hopefully, he will also find time to explain his recent bizarre pronouncement of good but hardly revelatory Portland restaurant Luce as one of the 10 best new restaurants in America.
5. Your tax dollars at work
This for-profit event received $75,000 from state tourism body Travel Oregon and $20,000 from the city of Portland's Travel Portland. So even if it's not you chowing down on a $150 dinner of artisan charcuterie, you can feel good knowing you still played an important part in the meal. Just not the part where you get to eat anything.
6. The prodigal son returns
Former Castagna chef Matthew Lightner, whose new restaurant Atera is the toast of New York, returns to Portland for a collaboration with South Carolina rock-star chef Sean Brock. The $150-a-head dinner is sold out. Atera also charges $150 per diner, and is booked until November. And to think that only a little over a year ago, you could get his food here any night of the week for just $65. Now you're regretting never going to Castagna, aren't you? See, Portland, this is why you can't have nice things.
7. A really expensive Reuben
Reflecting Portland's love of gourmet stoner food, the most expensive event at Feast is a $200-per-person "showcase" of high-end chefs doing comfort food. Among other things, the program promises "a Reuben sandwich...made with Dungeness crab and sturgeon caviar." Fun fact: for the same price, you can give two ducks, a pig, goat and sheep to a Third-World family.
8. Just these two barbecue guys; you've probably never heard of them
Aaron Franklin, from Austin's celebrated hipster barbecue joint Franklin Barbecue, and Rodney Muirhead, from Portland's celebrated hipster barbecue joint Podnah's Pit, will compete against each other at the $95-per-ticket "Sandwich Invitational." Did we mention gourmet stoner food?
9. Celebrity chefs galore
If you like your chefs to come with a five-book deal and their own line of cookware, Feast delivers: The Next Iron Chef contestants Marco Canora, Brad Farmerie and Amanda Freitag; Top Chef Masters contestants Naomi Pomeroy, Anita Lo and Paul Qui; Ace of Cakes' Duff Goldman; Cheap Bites' Eddie Huang; and 2 Dudes Catering's Jon Shook and Vinny Dotolo will all be there.
10. New York Times reporters working on their next big trend piece
It's a tired joke at this point, but almost certainly true. Brownie points if they can resist using a Portlandia reference.
GO: Feast runs Sept. 20-23 at various locations around Portland. Visit feastportland.com for more info.


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AT&T is an international communication corporation that offers international voice and data coverage for any United State Phone Service Carrier in more than 220 countries around the world. They also offer data in more than 205 countries and 3G network services in more than 145 countries and in the more recent years they've become the proud creators of the HTC Smartphone Family. The HTC Smartphone family includes the HTC One X, the HTC One S, the HTC One V, the HTC EVO 3D, the HTC Radar, the HTC Sensation, the HTC Explorer and the newest member of the HTC Family, the HTC Rhyme. Here are some of the most popular accessories for the collection of HTC Smartphones:
1) The HTC Media Link allows your Smartphone to be intensively immersed into high definition entertainment with this HTC Media Link. This Media Link allows you to watch movies from HTC Watch Applications, videos and photos from your own personal collection, Youtube, Netflix, Hulu and more from your HTC Smartphone onto your big screen television. With its Dual Screen Mode the HTC Media Link allows you to share a movie or photo slide show on your HD TV while you email or surf the internet. The HTC Media Link is easy accessible and easy to set up, it's even portable enough to take with you whether your at home or on the road.
2) HTC Car Accessories another very popular accessorizes for your HTC Smartphones. Some of these Car Accessories include the HTC Car Kit which is specifically designed for your HTC Smartphone and your car. Some of its unique features includes the ability for you to notice a more driver friendly user interface come up on your phone, complete with large icons and easy to access navigation and phone book. In car mode, the HTC Car Kit enables your HTC Smartphone to automatically activate when your smartphone is placed into the phone cradle.
3) Another set of HTC Car Accessories includes the HTC Car Mic Bluetooth Speakerphone which operates as a large speaker and microphone wrapped in a compact and creative design. The HTC Car Microphone allows your smartphone to connect wirelessly via Bluetooth to the Car Microphone, all the while letting you now have the convenience of a hands free smartphone. The HTC Car SteroClip is a perfect accessory for the smartphone users on the move. The HTC Car SteroClip allows you to wirelessly stream music from your HTC Smartphone through your car stereo speakers.
4) The HTC Family of Smartphone is sure to include just as awesome and adaptive line of of HTC Smartphone Accessories including a collection of lithium ion batteries. The HTC 1250mAh Lith-Ion Battery and the HTC 1520mAh Lith-Ion Batteries both features manufacturing warranty that'll cover your HTC Smartphone Battery in the unlikely event of a Smartphone tragedy. It also the exact son battery that come with your original HTC Smartphone purchase. The good news is that it's also impossible to notice especially if it replaces the original HTC Smartphone Battery.
5) Digging around your wallet, purse or pocket trying to find your ringing HTC Smartphone can be a daunting and often challenging task especially if your hear your Smartphone ringing but you can't answer the phone call. The HTC Smartphone comes equipped with a wonderful collection of HTC Cases and Pouches including the Two Toned Horizontal Black Cell Phone Pouch, an Extra Large Vertical Pouch and even a Black Sport Armband Case all of which let you easily and successfully answer your HTC Smartphone at a moment's notice.
6) The HTC Smartphone also comes equipped with a collection of HTC Bluetooth Hands Free Headsets, a smart device that every Smartphone user should have. The QuikCell Azure Blue Q9 Bluetooth Headset offers simple and standard capabilities at a low cost to you, it also enables you to use your Smartphone securely and safety while driving your vehicle. The HTC Jabra EASYGO Bluetooth Headset offers some specific features such as complete noise cancellation, a battery life of more than six hours and more than 200 hours of talk time. It also features you to answer, end, and switch calls without the use of your device.
7) HTC Desktop Chargers such as the will suit your personality and your HTC Smartphone all the while allowing you to place your phone into the holder and let your phone begin charging back to full battery life. The Sensation 4G USB Sync also includes a 2nd Battery Charge Cradle that allows you to work from the comfort of your desk all the while monitoring your HTC Smartphone for incoming texts and phone calls. The HTC Desktop Chargers guarantee that your HTC Smartphone will charge even if your browsing your phone via the web, emails or even watching your favorite television program or movie. The HTC Desktop Charges also feature an LED that indicates charging status when equipped and functioning.
8) Memory Cards are especially another important accessory to have especially if you use your HTC Smartphone on a regular basis whether once a daily or even multiple times a day. HTC Memory Cards feature the ability to save every application, picture, song,movie and video you download or capture because its inevitable your HTC Smartphone will eventually run out of space. HTC Memory Cards also feature the ability to transfer endless amounts of data and files to and from your Smartphone, it's also an amazing way to increase your HTC Smartphone Internal Memory Drive and it'll also keep your smartphone running in tip top shape.
9) HTC Stylus Touch Screen Pens allow you to keep your screen looking fresh and free of any fingerprints, especially if your a media mogul and feel your fingertips are just a little to big for your HTC Smartphone Touch Screen, all you'll need to do is pick up your Stylus Touch Screen Pen. The HTC Stylus Touch Screen Pen features a small, compact design that easy and efficient to carry around in your pocket, guaranteed to work on every mobile device whether its capacitive or resistive and comes in variety of colors and styles.
10) Finally, every good HTC Smartphone must be successfully protected from dirt and dust, grit and grim with an HTC Smartphone Screen Protectors. The HTC Smartphone Screen Protectors come in a variety of styles and colors ranging from generic, to ultra-clear, to anti-Glare, to Mirror, to AR Screen Protector, to Fingerprint resistant/glossy Screen Protector and even privacy screen protectors. The HTC Smartphone Screen Protectors promise to reduce the glare and other reflections when your smartphone is in direct sunlight, is precut and ready for instillation on your smartphone directly from its package and allows for easy viewing when your HTC Smartphone is placed at a 90 degree angle.


text:
Surf Brim
Out of Stock Product Number: 24335
The fantasy: blue sky, blue water and palm-lined points. Heatstroke and headaches? Not so much. A fast-drying sun hat for the harsher realities of tropical surf travel, the Surf Brim offers full coverage for long hours in hot and hazardous sun. Made from soft and durable 100% nylon (38% recycled) with 50+ UPF sun protection and a DWR (durable water repellent) finish, it has a 360-degree foam brim that protects the head while still allowing easy duck dives. The dark underbill reduces glare; the COOLMAX headband wicks moisture for comfort. Two vent/drain holes reduce water and heat build-up. The soft neoprene chin strap keeps the hat secure or tucks away when not in use, and an adjustable, elastic rear buckle customizes the fit.
* This product does not qualify for shipping to all countries.
- Made of soft, fast-drying, easy-care nylon with a sun-blocking foam brim that holds its shape
- Stiff brim in front allows for clean duck-dives
- Moisture-wicking Coolmax headband provides quick-dry and a comfortable fit; soft neoprene chin strap tucks away when not in use
- Dark underbill reduces glare; two vent/drain holes reduce water and heat build-up
- Adjustable rear buckle with elastic for snug fit
Gender: Unisex
Weight: 79 g (22.8 oz)
Material: 100% nylon (38% recycled), DWR finish
Fit: Regular fit
Season: S15
Vendor ProductId: 28828
Review ProductId: 24335


text:
Customer Service
Monday to Friday 8:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m.Saturday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Independent provider for Internet services, IP phones and long distance plans; Distributel is the human alternative to large companies, offering the ideal solution for your wallet.
Customer Service
From 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m - 7 days a week
Technical support is not provided by chat
Please include as much detail as possible in your message so that we can provide you with an accurate response. The appropriate department will be in touch as soon as possible.


text:
Results 1 to 4 of 4
Thread: Bavarian powder jar
08-02-2011 #1
- Join Date
- Jun 2011
- Posts
- 6
Bavarian powder jar
I recently purchased a small jar with a lid (young woman sitting on top of
the lid stitching a blue wreath) at a yard sale for $3.00. The jar is 2 1/2
inches tall and opening is 3 1/2 inches wide. The height with the lid on is
6 inches. After some research, I saw the item on ebay 2 days ago with the
"buy now price" at $350.00. The description was a powder jar made in
Bavaria before the 1900's. The photo and the marks on the bottom were
identical to mine. The mark on the bottom is "Bavaria" in black, next to
this is a stamp in green of a crown, below the crown is an emblem that looks
like a "C" with a "W" on top of the "C". Next to this stamp the same emblem
is in raised letters and numbers - no color except color of jar which is
off-white - also with these letters and numbers "DR 2 08". To my dismay I
found that the head had been broken off and reglued and I didn't notice at
the time of purchase. Is this item now worthless or does it have some type
of value since it is so old? I hope the photos are good enough to tell -
the emblem on the bottom may not show up. I would appreciate your advice.
Anyone feel free to email me direct at firstname.lastname@example.com. Thanks for your
08-03-2011 #2
- Join Date
- Feb 2011
- Posts
- 754
You might find this website very interesting: PM&M menu [Germany / Bavaria]
Here you will find most or all of the porcelain makers from Bavaria and their marks, to help match your mark up and help identify it. I have asked one of our specialists about the impact of the repair on the item's value. Stay tuned!
08-03-2011 #3
- Join Date
- Jun 2011
- Posts
- 6
Thank you !- I searched the site but I didn't find the particular mark that is on this piece unless it's on the site that is unaccessable. It was a very interesting site, though, and I saved it on my favorites. If you can find out how much the repair will hurt the value, I would appreciate it.
08-05-2011 #4
- Join Date
- Feb 2011
- Posts
- 98
Collectables with damage definately have a decreased value. Collectors are looking for items in excellent condition.You can have damage restored by a restoration service, but this really just makes the piece displayable. The value is still affected. Your particular question has another fold to consider. You are going by the presumption that the value of your piece undamaged would be the same as the powder box you saw on EBay . Just because a seller has a" buy it now" price on EBay, that does not necessarily mean that is what the value of a piece is . The value is only what someone is willing to pay for a particular item. That powder box that is for sale for $350. May never sell for a price close to that amount. To find a better estimate of value you need to find prices of items that have sold that are similar to your powder box. Collectables are discounted quite frequently, so asking prices are not reliable to use to place value on items.
Last edited by Maggie Turnipseed; 08-06-2011 at 09:24 AM.


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The mission of Career Services is to serve Carroll University students and alumni by providing them with career resources that will enable them to develop skills and knowledge for successful lifelong career development.
Career Services provides free career development assistance to Carroll alumni, undergraduate and graduate students.
Learn more about these services, view tutorials and schedule an appointment with a Career Services staff member today by visiting the Career Services' Department Page.
Career Services also has a blog which is updated weekly and provides further insight into our services and helpful tips for career development. The blog also showcases guest blogs by current students who describe their professional experiences as well.


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CLARENCE, N.Y. - There was a scary encounter Friday at the the Libation Station bar when a deer made an unexpected visit.
The bartender said that about a half hour before opening she heard a loud noise behind her.
A deer had crashed through the front window and ran right toward the end of the bar.
The bartender says the deer then ran toward her so she jumped up onto the bar.
The deer left through the same window he crashed through and made his way across the lot toward Dash's Market. He ran into a female customer but she was not seriously hurt.


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text: We do not publish petitions or group letters in the letters to the editor; that is why the problem was addressed in a column. It is very difficult and time consuming for a staff the size of ours to verify all the signatures on a such a document and that would need to be done. As for coverage of the accident there are many accidents that occur that the paper's staff either aren't notified of or if someone does call the staff may not be available to cover. Someone not being important enough isn't one of the reasons an accident doesn't get covered.


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Ok someone on AIM just helped me fix this.
I'll leave the post there because it has all my hardware info on it, so I'll refer people to it or just copy and paste from it. Is that ok, mods?
Info about my distro.
Latest Red Hat Linux 8.0 (Psyche)
Kernel ver: 2.4.18-14 i686 athlon i386
Hardware info:
AMD T-Bird Athlon 700 Mhz
Hard Drives:
1) /dev/hda or C:\ is 20 gigs
2) /dev/hdb or D:\ is 60 gigs
3) /dev/hdd, my Linux drive, is 20 gigs
They are partitioned as such:
hda1 2gigs FAT
hda2 13gigs EXTENDED
hda5 13gigs (same space as above) FAT
hdb1 60gigs ntfs
8megs unpartitioned (dunno why winXP does this)
hdd1 100megs ext3 (boot)
hdd2 19.4gigs ext3 (root)
hdd3 400megs linux swap
Soundcard is Creative Labs Soundblaster Live!
CD is a burner from them too.
192 megs of either PC100 or 133, can't remember offhand.
I have two ethernet cards. One is set not to be bothered when booting up because it's not plugged into anything. This one is called eth1. The active one is eth0. BTW, on start up, eth0 takes FOREVER to initialize. Takes longer on that one step than the entire boot process combined, but it ends with an [OK] anyway.
Here's my network setup:
I have a cable modem. It's plugged into the uplink port on a switch, that has all my computers hooked into it, and one external hub. The other two computers are running Windows XP. I would love to install Linux on them but I don't have the space or the money to get new drives. Oh well. Anyway, all the computers get their internet from that switch. Works perfectly fine for Windows. I don't see it as a problem for Linux either.
Logging into Linux is fine, though as I said, initializing eth0 takes forever. Here's the error I get when I type startx at the prompt after logging in:
Could not look up internet address for COMPUTER.
This will prevent GNOME from operating correctly.
It may be possible to correct the problem by adding
COMPUTER to the file /etc/hosts.
Log In Anyway - - - Try Again
Though, 'COMPUTER' is actually called something else, something embarrassing that my brother somehow put in there. Oh well, not important. Try Again doesn't work. Log In Anyway will boot Bluecurve up. I can go into my network configuration but it shows my IP address is 127.0.0.1. Usually, in windoze, that means I'm not connected to the Internet. But I can browse just fine, chat, etc...
I'm going to read over that one post that someone suggested and reply to my own topic with changes if need be.
Ok someone on AIM just helped me fix this.
I'll leave the post there because it has all my hardware info on it, so I'll refer people to it or just copy and paste from it. Is that ok, mods?
Are you gonna tell us what was wrong? i am kinda curious since i just finished that novel :P :P 8)
Ya but it'll be on another forum in here because it's no longer a hardware issue. Ah heck I'll just say it here. My next goal is getting Linux as an option in the XP dual boot menu. I've tried the methods stated here, and I get an error message consisting of one letter: "L"
Coool! less work for the mods.Originally Posted by Luxamar
Why didn't you just install Grub in the mbr and use it to boot XP and Linux?My next goal is getting Linux as an option in the XP dual boot menu.
Jim H
Hey Luxamar: I didnt see where you posted the fix to your error? I had the same thing and I am very curious as to how you fixed it. Thanks
Oh. A thousand pardons. I didn't have it solved here. I have a buddy on AIM who's a Linux guru and he had just signed on, so I asked him and he told me how to fix it.
Here's what we did:
Look at the error, figure out what your computer name is (usually in caps). I'll use COMPUTER since that's the default.
Load up the file /etc/hosts in pico or something. You must be logged in as root. You should see something about 127.0.0.1. Don't touch that. Start a line below that and put this:
192.168.x.x (tab) COMPUTER.WORKGROUP (tab) COMPUTER
Where 192.168.x.x you are filling in the X's with numbers. Anything between 0 and 255. I think the second one needs to be 1 to 255. Press tab.
COMPUTER replace this with your computer name. Add a period. No space after it. WORKGROUP is your workgroup name. If you have other windows computers in your network, make this the same workgroup name as those so setting Samba up will be easier. Press tab.
Type your computer name again. Save the file. Reboot Linux and log in. startx
You should no longer receive that error. Hope that helps
I don't know... I'm paranoid. I don't want to take the chance of hosing two copies of XP and one of 98. One of them I wouldn't be able to get to from that point because it's on NTFS. A 60 gig drive packed full of stuff... :-Originally Posted by JimH
If I install GRUB to the MBR, can you assure me it won't mess up the whole works? And if it won't, how do I install it from here?
But you could have had it solved here.Originally Posted by Luxamar
Looks to me like you changed your hostname and forgot to edit /etc/hosts to reflect the change. oops! o:
jim H


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Wednesday, 17 October 2012 12:17
Children's costume ball to be held in SylvaWritten by Admin
A costume character ball will be held during family night at 6 p.m. Oct. 25 in the Jackson County Public Library in Sylva. Children are invited to come dressed as their favorite story character. There will be snacks, crafts and activities like bowling, twister, beanbag toss and more.


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greeting cards, blue greeting cards, bottle greeting cards, cork greeting cards, abstract greeting cards, shadow greeting cards, concept greeting cards, white greeting cards, contrast greeting cards, fine art greeting cards, art greeting cards, glass greeting cards
"Cork And Bottle" greeting card by Dan Holm. Ships within 2 - 3 business days and includes a plain white envelop for mailing and/or gift giving. Available in vertical and horizontal orientations.
From the magnificent to the mundane, from a revealing moment to a planned portrait, my goal is to capture the big picture. By looking beyond the image to the uncover the story it tells, each new perspective reveals something new. Headshot, portrait, publicity, editorial and event photography in the Los Angeles area is available. Please contact me for details and pricing. Thanks!
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on FineArtAmerica.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Fine Art America does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Fine Art America sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee.
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CENTRAL FALLS – Police Tuesday were investigating a reported bank robbery involving two armed suspects at the Navigant Credit Union on Broad Street.
According to reports, two males dressed in black and wearing black masks walked into the 693 Broad St. bank where they showed a firearm and demanded cash from a teller. The suspects were reported to have fled the scene in a green Chevy Impala with red dealer plates, and they were last seen heading toward Pawtucket.
Shortly after the robbery, police detectives were seen examining parked cars on East Wood Street before having one of them towed away. A police dog was also used to search the area and streets were blocked.
This is the third area bank robbery or robbery attempt in the past week.
Last Friday, witnesses and shoppers helped the Pawtucket Police Department catch an alleged bank robber.
When the police arrived at 5 p.m. at the Citizens Bank inside Stop & Shop on Cottage Street, customers were already chasing the suspected bank robber.
Police located Arthur Stanley, 46, of Pawtucket with the aid of witnesses. He was charged with second-degree robbery.
On March 26, there was an attempted robbery at a Bank of America branch in Pawtucket. In that case, the suspect left without anything after the teller turned away from the counter when the would-be robber demanded money.
[1] http://pawtuckettimes.com/sites/default/files/crime_43.jpg


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Supporting Northern Tier National High Adventure Programs
With a sudden jerk you set the hook and instantly feel the spirit of a fish fighting in the depths below. Without warning, a smallmouth bass launches itself from the waters of Lac La Croix in a desperate series of acrobatic aerial leaps to shake itself free as you reel it in. Your Ojibwe guide calmly nets the "bronze-back," measures it and tells you it's a "twenty-inch trophy." You catch gold-colored walleyes from tannin-stained waters, watch with admiring eyes as the Ojibwe guides prepare succulent fillets in cast iron skillets over a camp fire, and realize that nothing compares to eating fresh caught walleye surrounded by the pristine splendor of Canoe Country - all the time hoping you don't have to loosen your belt a notch or two.
During this adventure, you visualize what it must be like for Scouts and Venturers to paddle through the waters of Canoe Country from the Northern Tier High Adventure Bases; you witness first-hand, the splendor of the wilderness; and comprehend just how rewarding the challenges can be that accompany such High Adventure. On your final day, you realize that you've experienced Northern Tier's mission -
"Delivering Wilderness Adventures That Last A Lifetime."
When: August 25-29, 2014
Where: Ely, MN then departing to Campbell's Fishing Resort on Lac La Croix in ON, Canada.
Cost: $3,500 per angler, which includes:
•Lodging and Food in Ely
•Travel between Ely and Lac La Croix
•Guide Fees and Tips
•Fishing Licenses
•Tackle and
•Charitable contribution to Northern Tier
Anglers will be testing their skill on the remote Lac La Croix. Campbell's is securely nestled on the shores of a protected bay deep in the quiet solitude of Lac la Croix. The resort and trading post facilities are a complement to the greatness of the lake, for they, too, are of an outstanding quality. Though isolated, you'll find the camp to be an "oasis" in this fishing paradise. Its facilities are ultra-modern, and you will find no finer resort on the border lakes.
Lac La Croix is one of the premier lakes in the region offering excellent fishing for walleye, northern pike, lake trout, smallmouth bass and crappies.
All of the guides will be experienced, capable Ojibwe Natives who are members of the Lac La Croix Guide Association. You will find their knowledge of the country and fishing most helpful.
Come to Northern Tier for a whole new level of adventure, up north! From incredible canoe journeys to wild winter wilderness camping, Northern Tier promises the Scouting adventure of a lifetime in the Great North Woods of northern Minnesota and Canada.
Philmont Scout Ranch
Florida Sea Base
Summit Bechtel Reserve
Boys' Life
National Eagle Scout Association
National Scouting Museum
Order of the Arrow
Scouting Magazine


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EPA New England Regional Laboratory (Office of Environmental Measurement and Evaluation)
Ambient Air Monitoring
The EPA NE Air Monitoring Team works with the states and tribes to implement national, regional and state air monitoring programs. The Team also works on special projects and conducts research on priority regional issues such as mercury.
The Air Monitoring Team responsibilities include:
- Overseeing the operation of more than 300 ambient (outdoor) air monitors in New England for the six priority air pollutants (ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and lead); data from these sites are used to ensure compliance with health-based National Ambient Air Quality Standards and to assist in the development of air pollution control programs
- Overseeing the operation of fourteen New England real-time monitoring stations for ozone and chemicals that form ozone (ozone precursors)
- Providing air toxics monitoring support.
- Working with the New England states and tribes to deploy ambient air monitors to measure hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) and fine particulates (PM2.5)
- Ensuring that air monitoring data are entered into the EPA's national database called the Aerometric Information and Retrieval System (AIRS). Air quality data from any air monitoring site in New England (or in the nation) are available at http://www.epa.gov/aqspubl1/select.html
- Publishing an Annual Report on Air Quality in New England which summarizes the New England air quality data
- Conducting ambient and indoor air monitoring studies
- Conducting air studies at hazardous waste and Superfund sites
- Providing technical services to customers and partners


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Explore Evis - OnDate
193 Found
Explore Evis - OnDate (22-09-2009|dd-mm-yyyy) Show All
The 32Hex tour Where : Ringbahnstr. 29, Neukölln When : 08/11/2014@21:00
3rd-Party-Influence, 11 months, 1 week ago, comments:0
The sweet 16 party is of great importance to a girl. Because the event marks the passage of a girl form girlhood to a womanhood. For many families, the sweet 16 party would be a great event
Allison, 1 year, 8 months ago, comments:0
07/10/2013 Many future brides have problems with not knowing which type of dress is the one to suit her best, considering that this style is quite a specific one, incomparable with anyo
shellyqi, 2 years ago, comments:0
02/10/2013 A sweet sixteen is a coming of age party celebrating a girl's sixteenth birthday in North America; primarily in the United States and Canada. As for a 16-year-old girl, it isa
Allison, 2 years ago, comments:0
OBP at Linux Tag 2013 Where : Linux Tag, Berlin When : 23/05/2013@17:00 Hey! I'm presenting OBP at Linux Tag today at 17:00 Simon.
OpenBankProject, 2 years, 4 months ago, comments:0
TESOBEER #6 on Friday Where : Intersoup When : 26/10/2012@19:00 Doodle spoketh: We'll meet next Friday at Intersoup. See you there!
TESOBE-Internal, 2 years, 11 months ago, comments:0
hi guys, a reminder again for tomorrow the 11/10/2012 . nobody will be in the office, because there will some work in the buildung. We´ll have no electricity the whole day in the whole
TESOBE-Internal, 2 years, 12 months ago, comments:2
Social media week today / tommorow Where : see the link for details When : 27/09/2012@from 10 http://www.eviscape.com/evis/singing-bank-and-open-bank-project-at-social-media-whr
TESOBE-Internal, 3 years ago, comments:0
Talking today at OKFest Helsinki Where : Hack Stage 1 When : 18/09/2012@16:00 will show the singing bank :-)
OpenBankProject, 3 years ago, comments:0
Simon talking at the Swiss New Finance Conference Where : Berne University, Universität Bern, UniS, Schanzeneckstrasse 1, 3011 Bern Hörsaal A003 When : 23/08/2012@around 15:00
OpenBankProject, 3 years, 1 month ago, comments:0


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hello, i would lilke to create a page with links that will run sh files (bash scripts), for personal use.
I have installed lampp on my linux machine and able to run php files on it.
I'm not familiar with php and had no luck so far with getting it done.
Thank you.


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metal prints, parco sempione metal prints, milan metal prints, lombardy metal prints, italy metal prints, park metal prints, sempione metal prints, the park metal prints, art metal prints, art metal prints, art installation metal prints
"Milan Parco Sempione" metal print by Joana Kruse. Ships within 3 - 4 business days and arrives ready-to-hang with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails. Multiple sizes available.
Front View
Back View
Bring your artwork to life with the stylish lines and added depth of a metal print. Your image gets printed directly onto a sheet of 1/16" thick aluminum.
The aluminum sheet is offset from the wall by a 3/4" thick wooden frame which is attached to the back. The wooden frame includes a hanging wire for easy mounting on your wall (see photo on the left).
All metal prints ship within 3 - 4 business days and arrive "ready to hang" with mounting hooks and nails.
Metal prints are extremely durable. They're lightweight. They won't bend, and they're water resistant.
The high gloss of the aluminum sheet complements the rich colors of any image to produce stunning results.
For additional product photos and information, visit our metal prints product page.
walled chairs in Sempione Park, Milan, Lombardy, Italy, forming a small Ampfhiteater, where concerts are held
I am focused on photos for book covers and travel photography. You might want to visit my website www.joanaimages.com - many of my photos can be purchased as a digital download to a very reasonable price. My book cover work you may find on www.arcangel-images.com Any special artistic influences? I love to play with light. Not only and always the bright, shiny, good weather photo - but also the moody, foggy, dusty atmosphere... mysterious and special. What is the best photographic advice that you have ever received? I do not receive advices in words - the best advices are when I see great photos of other artists - they show me what I still have to learn.
Our return policy is very simple:
If you're not happy with a purchase that you made on FineArtAmerica.com, for any reason, you can return it to us within 30 days of the order date. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Please note - Fine Art America does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality.
Fine Art America sells thousands of pieces of artwork each month - all with a 100% money-back guarantee.
If you've hesitated to purchase artwork online in the past, why not give us a try? You have nothing to lose!
We take great pride in the fact that 338,462 artists have chosen Fine Art America to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece!
Customer Service: 877-807-5901
(Call Any Time - 24 Hours Per Day)
All metal prints ship from our production facility within three business days of your order.


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WARRIOR Black Hole S1 Lacrosse Bag
Item # 11763584
|Members of The League get 5% back when you spend $100! (see promotion details)
Product Details
Consider this bag your briefcase, because you're about to go to work. The WARRIOR® Black Hole S1 lacrosse bag has heavy-duty handles and a thick shoulder strap for easy carrying and is big enough to hold all your gear in one place. A full-length side pocket stores complete sticks and extra shafts, while a vented wet gear compartment keeps sweaty unis or stinky gloves separate.
- Full-length side pocket stores complete sticks and extra shafts
- Shoulder strap
- Heavy-duty carrying handles
- Vented wet gear compartment
- Dimensions: L 42 inches x W 13 inches x H 12 inches


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Biology Seminars & Events
Click on « or » below to scroll through the months for our calendar. You can also click on highlighted dates or events from the list on the right for more information.
There are no events in MCBB/CM Grad. Seminar Series during the specified time period.
For more detailed information on a specific seminar series, click on the links below:
- CM/MCBB Student Seminars
- Biomolecular Seminars
- Program in Neuroscience
- Ecology, Behavior & Evolution
- Chemical Biology Seminar Series
- Bioinformatics
- Systems Biology Seminars


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The Iowa Department of Natural Resources will be stocking trout in urban areas across Iowa in January, beginning Jan. 8 when 1,800 trout are released in North Prairie Lake, in Cedar Falls, and 1,600 are released in Bacon Creek Lake in Sioux City.
On Jan. 15, 900 trout will be stocked in West Lake in Big Lake Park at Council Bluffs, and 1,800 in Heritage Pond, in Dubuque. On Jan. 22, 1,400 trout will be stocked in Scharnberg Pond near Spencer and on Jan. 29, 1,400 trout will be stocked in Blue Pit, in Mason City.
All stockings are based on favorable weather conditions.
Anglers who want to fish for the trout are required to pay the trout fee in addition to an Iowa fishing license. The 2010 Iowa fishing licenses and stamps expire on Jan. 10.
The daily bag limit for trout is five and the possession limit is 10.
Kids under 16 may fish without a trout fee, as long as each is supervised by a properly licensed adult who has paid the trout fee. Their combined catch, however, cannot exceed a single daily limit. Those younger anglers may also pay their own trout fee and fish for their own daily limit.


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The rate at which China's luxury market has grown is tremendous, and China is now home to both the world's second-largest diamond market and the number-one automobile market. However, it is important to note that not all luxury consumers in China actually have the salary to support such purchases. China's online message boards are filled with accounts of young Chinese white-collar workers who skip meals and only eat instant noodles in the evening in order to save up for a luxury purse made by Richemont or Louis Vuitton. Post-80's-generation Chinese refer to these individuals as "modern Madame Bovarys." This type of Chinese luxury consumer lives beyond their means to attain a luxurious lifestyle like that of the main character in Gustave Flaubert's famous novel.
Besides self-enhancement perspective and motivation theory, the moral self-licensing effect provides an alternative interpretation of the paradoxical behaviors of Chinese young luxury consumers. The moral self-licensing effect suggests that past good deeds can liberate individuals to engage in behaviors that are immoral, unethical, or otherwise problematic, behaviors that they would otherwise avoid for fear of feeling or appearing immoral, such as political incorrectness, prosocial behavior, and consumer choice (Merritt, Effron &Monin, 2010). Consumer choice represents one major domain in which moral self-licensing is evident. Everyday purchasing decisions are tinged with morality. At the extreme, some utilitarian philosophers argue that it is immoral to spend disposable income on unnecessary things because that money could go to people in need elsewhere (Singer, 1972). Though probably few consumers subscribe to such drastic views, buying luxury items or frivolous goods is nonetheless associated with feelings of guilt and self-indulgence (Dahl, Honea, & Manchanda, 2003). According to the logic of self-licensing, individuals whose prior choices establish them as ethical and reasonable spenders (or ethical and reasonable people in a more general sense) should be more likely to indulge in frivolous purchases later on. In other words, one can self-license frivolous consumption by behaving in ways that establish one's morality. For those Chinese luxury consumers who do not have enough salary to support luxury purchases, skipping meals or other ridiculous saving behaviors might license their feelings of guilt and self-indulgence because they feel that they have paid for their consumption in advanced. In addition, the announcement that luxury consumption made important contribution to economic growth persuades luxury consumers that what they are doing is actually prosocial. In sum, imagining engaging in prosocial activities seems to license self-indulgent purchases and reduce of guilty feelings about the frivolous choices of Chinese luxury consumers and further courage them to engage in such irrational purchases.
What Are China's Luxury Consumers Buying?
Anna C. Merritt, Daniel A. Effron,& Benoît Monin. (2010). Moral Self-Licensing: When Being Good Frees Us to Be Bad. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5, 344 – 357.