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CS looking to hire office clerk for the summer...
— expired
The School of Computer Science is looking to hire an Office Clerk (summer helper).
Tasks involve: archiving, data entry, sorting mail and reception.
Other duties will involve packing and moving office contents such as files and furniture, arranging new spaces under the direction of the researcher, assisting research staff and other related duties.
The incumbent must be available from June 03, 2013 – July 31, 2013 Monday to Friday from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
The salary range is from $12 –$ 17 per hour
Application deadline: May 08, 2013, 5:00 p.m.
If interested, please forward your C.V. to: email@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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For today's 5 o'clock Shadow, we hear from a band playing TONIGHT in Milwaukee -- New York based Landlady.
As soon as it finally gets here, it feels like it's almost over -- Milwaukee Summer.
Today, the brother duo known as Disclosure announced a tour to support their forthcoming album Caracal. The album will be released on September 25. You can hear their latest single "Holding On" featuring Gregory Porter on 88Nine.
Today's stream is sponsored by Maxie's


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Kitsap's Residential Code May Get an Extreme Makeover
Kitsap County is considering revisions to the residential code to encourage higher-density development and public infrastructure near cities and in unincorporated areas like Kingston and Silverdale.
"We need to connect our planning to what cities are doing, and how we can (link) to them," said Kitsap County Commissioner Steve Bauer at a recent meeting. "We need to create something better than the type of community planning we've had."
The county is drafting code amendments that would encourage developers to build at higher or maximum residential density in urban growth areas. The revisions would increase parking and sidewalks, and establish clearer rules for open space and recreational area requirements.
The new rules would reduce residential construction setbacks from 20 to 5 feet, allowing homes to be built closer to sidewalks. The change is aimed at giving builders more design flexibility and encouraging community-oriented elements, such as porches rather than garages as a home's dominant front feature.
"This would allow developers to do different things and reduce the uniform strip of houses, like the 'Edward Scissorhands' look," said Special Projects Manager Eric Baker, referring to the 1990 movie set in a suburb of identical homes.
The changes, according to Baker, may produce neighborhoods that resemble those that took shape before the 1950s, with garages facing back alleys and main entrances prominently located along neighborhood streets.
"We want pleasant-looking neighborhoods," said Commissioner Josh Brown, expressing his desire to transform the general residential aesthetic of Silverdale.
The changes would also encourage developers to build at maximum density, making new infrastructure — such as sewers and roads — more cost effective. While many unincorporated urban areas are zoned for nine units per acre, developers often build only four units because of county restrictions, according to Baker.
As density increases, yards are expected to shrink. To compensate, commissioners plan to create tougher public open-space requirements to ensure playgrounds and grass fields are more effectively incorporated into new developments.
Public spaces would have to be centrally located in areas that would encourage their use.
"Generally, these spaces have been put on the less attractive plots, in far corners or where the topography is steep," said Baker.
The little used lots are often poorly maintained and can blight neighborhoods.
"Nobody wants to give directions to their house by saying 'take a left by the scrubby lot with the rusty car in it,'" Baker said.
Other amendments would require additional parking so guests or other nonresident motorists don't park in yards or on sidewalks.
Some commissioners stressed the need for more work in the code revision process to allow for lower-cost housing.
"I'm not done talking about affordable housing," Bauer told Baker during a recent presentation of the proposed revisions. "It's a critical issue."
Commissioner Jan Angel agreed, urging county staff to consider the housing needs of middle-income residents.
"Even recent college grads can't afford to rent apartments in the area," she said.
The residential code revisions are part of a wider effort to prepare county urban areas for possible annexation into Poulsbo, Bremerton and Port Orchard.
Commissioners are also looking at ways to ready Silverdale and Kingston for their possible incorporation as independent cities.
"The county shouldn't be in the urban city business," said Bauer.
"Many of these areas will get annexed or become cities themselves. The focus now is to lay a good foundation."
Commissioners plan to hold hearings on the proposed revisions in mid-February, with possible adoption in April.
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Lord Coe gives his own Olympic torch to Stamford's Burghley House
Posted: December 17, 2012|
Lord Sebastian Coe, the man who spearheaded the successful London Olympics bid, has given his own Olympic torch to Stamford's Burghley House.
Lord Coe carried the torch through his home town of Sheffield as part of the Olympic flame's relay around the UK.
It will go on display next year in the Olympic Corridor alongside the 1948 torch belonging to Burghley House's former owner David Cecil, Lord Burghley.
Current house director Miranda Rock, Lord Burghley's granddaughter, said: "We're so grateful to Lord Coe for his very gracious gift which will add a special bit of sporting history to Burghley's remarkable collection.
"It's been a pleasure this year seeing so many visitors appreciating my grandfather's sporting legacy thanks to the wonderful exhibits we were able to display as part of our Olympics exhibition, including the torch from the 1948 London Games."
Lord Coe visited Stamford just over a fortnight ago for the launch of sports charity Inspire+ Olympic Legacy Challenge at St Gilbert's Church of England Primary School.
The British Olympic Association chairman also officially open Stamford Endowed Schools' new £6.1m sports centre the same day.
And in July Lord Coe was also at Burghley House to welcome the torch as it changed hands in front of the Elizabethan stately home.
"Welcoming the 2012 torch to Burghley in the summer was among our highlights of the year and we were so grateful that Lord Coe took time out of his busy schedule to share that special day with us.
"Now his gift of his own Olympic torch will mean visitors to the house next year will be able to see even more Olympic history in this very special place," added Mrs Rock.
David Cecil, Lord Burghley, who inherited the title of Marquess of Exeter from his father in 1956, won gold in the 400 metres hurdles at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and silver at the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics 4x400 metre relay.
Later, as president of the International Amateur Athletic Federation, chairman of the British Olympic Association and a member of the International Olympic Committee, he was instrumental in bringing the Olympic Games to London in 1948.


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BWW Interviews: MARK NADLER IN A NUTSHELL Is Coming To Adelaide
by Barry Lenny - Jul 9, 2015
Mark Nadler is visiting his second home, Adelaide, in South Australia, and then going on to perform for the first time in Melbourne AND Sydney. (more...)
WINDYWOO AND HER NAUGHTY PETS Reading Set for NYMF
by BWW News Desk - Jul 9, 2015
The New York Musical Theatre Festival (NYMF) presents a developmental reading of Windywoo and Her Naughty Naughty Pets, a new musical based on the popular Naughty Naughty Pets franchise, featured on Cartoon Network and Disney's Hyperion Books for Children. The developmental readings will take place July 11 at 1pm and July 13 at 4pm and 7pm at the Studio Theatre at Theatre Row (410 West 42nd Street). (more...)
Todd Newton and Alex Wehrley Named Co-Hosts of 2015 MISS USA PAGEANT on Reelz
by TV News Desk - Jul 8, 2015
REELZ today announced Emmy Award-winning game show host Todd Newton and former Miss Wisconsin USA 2009 Alex Wehrley will co-host the 2015 MISS USA(R) Pageant with OK! TV's Julie Alexandria hosting backstage on Sunday, July 12 at 8:00pm ET and PT. (more...)
STAGE TUBE: On This Day for 7/8/15- CAMELOT
by Stage Tube - Jul 8, 2015
Today in 1980, the first Broadway revival of Camelot opened at the New York State Theatre, where it ran for 56 performances. Camelot is a musical by Alan Jay Lerner (book and lyrics) and Frederick Loewe (music). It is based on the King Arthur legend as adapted from the T. H. White tetralogy novel The Once and Future King. The original 1960 production, directed by Moss Hart and orchestrated by Robert Russell Bennett and Philip J. Lang, ran on Broadway for 873 performances, winning four Tony Awards and spawning several revivals, foreign productions and a 1967 film version. The 1980 cast starred Richard Burton, Christine Ebersole, and Richard Muenz. (more...)
Global Mobile Gambling Market 2015-2019 - Technological Improvements with Betfair Group, Ladbrokes, Unibet Group & William Hill Dominating
by BWW News Desk - Jul 8, 2015
Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra to Perform DISTANT WORLDS Concert, 8/1
by BWW News Desk - Jul 7, 2015
PITTSBURGH � The official symphony concert world tour Distant Worlds: music from FINAL FANTASY arrives at Heinz Hall on�Saturday, August 1 at 8 p.m.�as part of the Summer with the Symphony series. (more...)
CRITICS' CHOICE: What's Happening This Week?
by Jeffrey Ellis - Jul 7, 2015
Summer's theater lull has come to an end and Nashville/Tennessee audiences have a plethora of new openings to choose from iin the next fews days, leading to the season's busiest flush of new shows and productions. Whether it's a relatively new musical based on a fun film, the controversial revival of one of the late 20th century's most iconic musicals or the Nashville premiere of a new film starring some of the region's best known and most talented actors -- there's a lot of good stuff to be seen inside a theater... (more...)
Josh Grisetti to Lead THE CRACK IN THE CEILING at NYC Fringe Festival
by BWW News Desk - Jul 7, 2015
The New York International Fringe Festival and CitySalt Theatricals present The Crack in the Ceiling starring Josh Grisetti* (It Shoulda Been You). Performances begin Saturday August 15th at 8:30pm at The Lynn Redgrave Theatre (Venue #13) - 45 Bleeker Street. Created and written by James Harvey with direction by Stephen Tyler Davis. (more...)
Artistic Director Chad-Alan Carr to Lead CAMELOT at Gettysburg Community Theatre, 8/14-23
by BWW News Desk - Jul 7, 2015
Gettysburg Community Theatre, the not-for-profit 501c3 organization located in the former Elks Lodge at 49 York Street within the first block of Lincoln Square in historic downtown Gettysburg, PA, will present Lerner & Loewe's Camelot August 14-23, 2015 at 7pm on Fridays and Saturdays and at 2pm on Sundays.� (more...)
PETER AND THE STARCATCHER Begins 7/16 at Weston Playhouse
by BWW News Desk - Jul 7, 2015
The Weston Playhouse Theatre Company has done it again -- landing one of Broadway's hottest new plays for its Vermont premiere! PETER AND THE STARCATCHER opens on JULY 16, bringing a new take on a classic story to area audiences. (more...)
Stratford Festival's CAROUSEL Cast Recording Now Available
by Alan Henry - Jul 6, 2015
Following last year's recording of CRAZY FOR YOU, this year - the Stratford Festival company of CAROUSEL recorded the festival's second original cast recording. The recording is now available for order and digital download on CDBaby. Rodgers and Hammerstein's Carousel, named the best musical of the 20th century by Time magazine, returns to the Festival for the first time in over twenty years in a vibrant production directed by Susan H. Schulman. Previews began Tuesday, May 5, at the Avon Theatre. (more...)
Photo Flash: First Look at MANUEL VERSUS THE STATUE OF LIBERTY at NYMF
by BWW News Desk - Jul 31, 2015
Winner of the 2014 NYMF Developmental Reading Series, this Latin infused American musical is inspired by the true story of a Princeton Undergrad who was an undocumented child immigrant from the Dominican Republic. When Manuel gets a scholarship to study at Oxford, he's faced with the realization that he can't leave the USA. He takes on The Statue of Liberty in the fight of a lifetime; the high-stakes boxing match that is immigration today. Is Manuel worthy? No one is spared in this political comedy that pulls no punches about immigration reform and the American Dream. (more...)
Tituss Burgess, Alex Newell, Ryann Redmond & More Set for BDF in Philadelphia
by BWW News Desk - Jul 31, 2015
The Broadway Dreams Foundation (BDF), in partnership with the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts, returns to Philadelphia for a weeklong musical theater intensive, August 2-9, during which Philadelphia's most promising performers will receive unprecedented instruction from the industry's top directors, choreographers and professionals.� To conclude the weeklong intensive, BDF will present GENERATION, a unique Broadway-style revue featuring performances by Broadway veterans and emerging local talent.�� (more...)
Stars from WICKED, IT SHOULDA BEEN YOU and KINKY BOOTS Set for THE CRACK IN THE CEILING at FringeNYC
by BWW News Desk - Jul 31, 2015
CitySalt Theatricals proudly presents the new musical The Crack in the Ceiling, presented as part of the 19th Annual New York International Fringe Festival - FringeNYC. Featuring book, music, and lyrics by James Harvey, �directed by Stephen Tyler Davis. (more...)
New Pasek & Paul Musical DEAR EVAN HANSEN Premieres Tonight at Arena Stage
by BWW News Desk - Jul 30, 2015
Arena Stage at the Mead Center for American Theater, presents DEAR EVAN HANSEN.�The original musical, featuring a score by Tony Award nominees Benj Pasek & Justin Paul (Broadway's A Christmas Story, The Musical; Dogfight), a book by Steven Levenson (Masters of Sex) and directed by three-time Tony Award nominee Michael Greif (Broadway's Rent, Next to Normal, If/Then), is a contemporary, intimate story of hope, heartache and the things in life we all need-friends, family and a place to call home. With choreography by Danny Mefford and music supervision, orchestrations and dance arrangements by Tony Award winner Alex Lacamoire, Dear Evan Hansen runs now through August 23, 2015, opening tonight, July 30,�in the Kreeger Theater. (more...)
Scoop: ROOKIE BLUE on ABC - Thursday, August 6, 2015
by TV Scoop - Jul 29, 2015
Get all the scoop on ROOKIE BLUE, airing on ABC on Thursday, August 6, 2015! (more...)
Charles Shaughnessy to Lead HARVEY at Alhambra Theatre & Dining
by BWW News Desk - Jul 29, 2015
Screen Actor.� Stage Actor.� Soap Star.� Blogger.� Voice-over talent.� Celebrity Jeopardy Winner.� Social media star. Philanthropist.� It turns out Charles Shaughnessy is a lot of things, and will add the Alhambra Theatre & Dining to his list of credits as he stars in a retooling of the classic drama/comedy, 'Harvey.'� As if it weren't interesting enough, Shaughnessy will be joined at the Alhambra by his wife, Susan Fallendar. (more...)
Photo Coverage: Marin Mazzie & Jason Danieley Perform BROADWAY AND BEYOND at Barrington Stage Company
by Stephen Sorokoff - Jul 28, 2015
Barrington Stage Company, under the leadership of Artistic Director Julianne Boyd and Managing Director Tristan Wilson, presented Marin Mazzie and Jason Danieley in�Broadway and Beyond�on last night and BroadwayWorld was there.�Broadway's Golden Couple shared their favorite songs from the Broadway musicals they've starred in along with selections from the Great American Songbook." (more...)
BWW's On This Day - July 23, 2015
by - Jul 23, 2015
Here are the Broadway, Off-Broadway and West End shows which opened on July 23 along with all of the upcoming show openings, closings and special events! (more...)
Photo Flash: First Look at Jenn Colella, Jennifer Hope Wills, Paul Schoeffler and More in PETER PAN at Music Circus
by BWW News Desk - Jul 22, 2015
The 65th Music Circus season continues with Peter Pan, a high-flying, magical journey to Neverland that critics call 'purely delightful...ageless...a wonderful tradition.' The cast includes Broadway veterans, Music Circus audience favorites, and talented actors making their Music Circus debut this season. Performances are�July 21 through Sunday, July 26. �Check out a first look below! (more...)
Stage Couple Marin Mazzie and Jason Danieley to Bring BROADWAY AND BEYOND to Barrington Stage
by BWW News Desk - Jul 20, 2015
Barrington Stage Company, under the leadership of Artistic Director Julianne Boyd and Managing Director Tristan Wilson, will present Marin Mazzie and Jason Danieley in Broadway and Beyond onMonday, July 27 at 8pm at the Boyd-Quinson Mainstage (30 Union Street, Pittsfield). (more...)
Scoop: ROOKIE BLUE on ABC - Thursday, July 30, 2015
by TV Scoop - Jul 20, 2015
Get all the scoop on ROOKIE BLUE, airing on ABC on Thursday, July 30, 2015! (more...)
BWW Feature: Celebrate the City of Lights with our Favorite French Showtunes
by Matt Tamanini - Jul 19, 2015
Paris Je t'dore! And Vive La France!�French-flavored Broadway shows and songs are tres magnifique. The romantic 'City of Lights' and the lure of romance with a French accent has served as the inspiration for many musicals through the years. And since France and all of the world's Francophiles celebrated Bastille Day earlier this week, BroadwayWorld's Jeff Walker and Matt Tamanini are taking a look at the shows and tunes that make us go 'oo-la-la!' (more...)
Reagle Music Theatre Concludes Summer Season with WONDERFUL TOWN, August 6-16th
by BWW News Desk - Jul 19, 2015
Reagle Music Theatre of Greater Boston's much-lauded 47th consecutive summer season concludes with the multiple Tony Award-winning musical Wonderful Town from August 6-16, 2015 at the Robinson Theatre (617 Lexington St. Waltham, MA, 02452). (more...)
NYMF's MANUEL VS THE STATUE OF LIBERTY Gets Extension
by BWW News Desk - Jul 19, 2015
Mannyville LLC, Dramatic Question Theatre and the New York Musical Theatre Festival are proud to announce the extension of the musical Manuel versus The Statue of Liberty which will begin performances this Tuesday, July 21. (more...)
Photo Flash: First Look- Rose Hemingway, Matthew Wilkas, and More in PETER AND THE STARCATCHER at Weston Playhouse
by BWW News Desk - Jul 18, 2015
The Weston Playhouse Theatre Company has done it again -- landing one of Broadway's hottest new plays for its Vermont premiere. PETER AND THE STARCATCHER opens on JULY 16, bringing a new take on a classic story to area audiences. BroadwayWorld has obtained photos from the production, starring Broadway veterans Rose Hemingway and Matthew Wilkas. Check out the pics below! (more...)
Scoop: ROOKIE BLUE on ABC - Thursday, July 23, 2015
by - Jul 17, 2015
Get all the scoop on ROOKIE BLUE, airing on ABC on Thursday, July 23, 2015! (more...)
Regional Roundup: Top 10 Stories This Week Around the Broadway World - 7/17; GYPSY in Rhode Island, GODSPELL in Westchester and More!
by BWW Special Coverage - Jul 17, 2015
This week, we go around our Broadway World to feature stories in Rhode Island, Westchester, Chicago�and more. Check out our top 10 stories around our Broadway World below, which include GYPSY in Rhode Island,�GODSPELL in Westchester, and�GRAND CONCOURSE in Chicago, just to name a few. (more...)
BWW Reviews: Revue Celebrating the Austin Cabaret Theatre at 54 Below is a Crazy Quilt of Performers in Mixed Bag of a Show
by Alix Cohen - Jul 17, 2015
Stuart Moulton's Austin (Texas) Cabaret Theatre (may it thrive and prosper) turned 15 in tandem with his own 50th birthday. In celebration on Wednesday night, the Theatre's Artistic Director (also a performer himself) invited alumni and hopefuls to strut their stuff on the stage of 54 Below. The result was a wildly mixed bag of a show--featuring a few great vocalists and infectiously enthusiastic wannabes--which ran so exhaustively long that Moultan was able to change�his clothes twice. (more...)
CRITICS' CHOICE: It's A Big Weekend Onstage
by Jeffrey Ellis - Jul 16, 2015
And Sondra Morton, Jayme Smith and co. (that would be Act Too) stages their company's latest work at the historic Franklin Theatre - The Sound of Music - starring Kimberly Rye as Maria, Cameron Bortz as Rolf and the inimitable Matt Baugher as Georg Von Trapp. Check it out! (more...)
ABC to Spotlight Its Creatives & Stars at D23 EXPO 2015
by TV News Desk - Jul 16, 2015
Be among the first to learn the secrets of what's ahead on ABC's most anticipated new and returning fall series (more...)
New Musical OCTOBER SKY to Premiere at The Marriott Theatre
by BWW News Desk - Jul 15, 2015
The Marriott Theatre, 10 Marriott Drive, Lincolnshire, presents the World Premiere of the new musical OCTOBER SKY, previewing August 19, opening August 26 and running through October 11. Written by Aaron Thielen, with music and lyrics by Michael Mahler, OCTOBER SKY is directed by Jeff Award-winner Rachel Rockwell. Music Direction is by Ryan T. Nelson. Presented in association with Universal Stage Productions (Billy Elliott, Wicked, Bring It On), and from the writing team that brought audiences HERO (Jeff Award, Best New Work, 2012), OCTOBER SKY is based on the beloved Universal Pictures film October Sky and the bestselling novel Rocket Boys by Homer H. Hickam, Jr. (more...)
BWW TV: Watch Highlights of Goodspeed's LA CAGE AUX FOLLES!
by BroadwayWorld TV - Jul 15, 2015
Goodspeed Musicals�has added six performances to its run of LA CAGE AUX FOLLES at the�Goodspeed Opera House�in East Haddam, Connecticut. Check out a first look at highlights�below! (more...)
Reelz Broadcast of MISS USA Delivers 2.5 Million Viewers
by TV News Desk - Jul 15, 2015
REELZ has announced that 2.5 million total viewers watched Miss USA 2015 on premiere night which included a live telecast and an encore presentation immediately following. (more...)
Haydn Gwynne, Stephen Bogardus, Lauren Molina and More to Lead Huntington's A LITTLE NIGHT MUSIC This Fall
by BWW News Desk - Jul 15, 2015
The Huntington Theatre Company will open its 2015-2016 season with the Tony Award-winning musical A Little Night Music, Stephen Sondheim's most romantic and popular work.�Huntington Artistic Director Peter DuBois (after all the terrible things I do; Smart People; Rapture, Blister, Burn; and Becky Shaw) will direct. Performances will run September 11 -�October 11, 2015 at the Avenue of the Arts / BU Theatre. (more...)
Photo Flash: First Look at James Lloyd Reynolds, Jamison Stern and More in Goodspeed's LA CAGE
by BWW News Desk - Jul 15, 2015
Goodspeed Musicals�has added six performances to its run of LA CAGE AUX FOLLES�at the�Goodspeed Opera House�in East Haddam, Connecticut. �Check out a first look below! (more...)
Goodspeed's LA CAGE AUX FOLLES Opens Tonight
by BWW News Desk - Jul 15, 2015
Goodspeed Musicals�presents�LA CAGE AUX FOLLES, which began on�June 26, and opens tonight, July 15,�2015�at the Goodspeed Opera House in East Haddam, Connecticut. (more...)
BW Interviews: Curt Dale Clark and Lauren Blackman Revel in the Quintessential American Musical
by Carla Maria Verdino-S�llwold - Jul 15, 2015
When Meredith Wilson's Music Man opens July 16th at Maine State Music Theatre in Brunswick, Maine, this grand scale production will mark the fourth time actor and Artistic Director Curt Dale Clark has undertaken the role of Harold Hill, and it will be the first time his co-star Lauren Blackman has portrayed Marian Paroo. Yet for both artists, the experience feels like a kind of spiritual homecoming. (more...)
BWW REVIEW: Stellar Cast Wanders OFF THE MAIN ROAD in Williamstown
by Jan Nargi - Jul 15, 2015
Small-town life is anything but a picnic in William Inge's newly discovered, previously unproduced play OFF THE MAIN ROAD currently receiving its decades-delayed world premiere at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in the Berkshires. This dense and diffuse melodrama meanders through a forest of darkness and despair only to return its three generations of hapless women back to the starting point with little to show for their travels. (more...)
STAGE TUBE: Sneak Peek Inside Dress Rehearsal of Goodspeed's LA CAGE AUX FOLLES
by Stage Tube - Jul 15, 2015
Goodspeed Musicals�has added six performances to its run of LA CAGE AUX FOLLES at the�Goodspeed Opera House�in East Haddam, Connecticut. Check out a sneak peek at dress rehearsals below! (more...)
BWW Reviews: CAMELOT: THE SHINING CITY, Crucible, Sheffield, July 14
by Ruth Deller - Jul 14, 2015
Slung Low and Sheffield Theatres collaborate on this open-air extravaganza updating Arthurian Legends for today. (more...)
Charles Lewis Laurie Releases MY LIFE IS AMERICA
by BWW News Desk - Jul 13, 2015
Charles Lewis Laurie III, a historian, devoted writer and author, has completed his new book, 'My Life in America,' a heartfelt work that delves into the author's family ancestry. (more...)
Andy Christopher Leads BUDDY: THE BUDDY HOLLY STORY, Beginning Tonight at The Muny
by BWW News Desk - Jul 13, 2015
The Muny presents�Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story, beginning tonight, July 13, and running through July 20 at Forest Park.�Written by Alan Janes, Buddy: The Buddy Holly Story is directed by Marcia Milgrom Dodge, choreographed by Josh Walden and music directed by Michael Horsley. (more...)
Photo Flash: ABC Releases New Shots from ONCE UPON A TIME Season 5
by BWW News Desk - Jul 11, 2015
Get excited, Oncers. BroadwayWorld has just obtained the first stills from the newest season. Check out some pics from ONCE UPON A TIME Season 5 below! (more...)
Judges Panel Revealed for 2015 MISS USA PAGEANT Airing on Reelz
by TV News Desk - Jul 10, 2015
REELZ today announced the panel of nine telecast judges for the 2015 MISS USA(R) Pageant are all former titleholders of the Miss Universe Organization. (more...)
ABC's ONCE UPON A TIME Casts Merlin & Guinevere
by TV News Desk - Jul 10, 2015
Deadline reports that Season 5 of ABC's hit show ONCE UPON A TIME will feature characters from the well-known fantasy-land of Camelot. (more...)
PETER PAN Opens 7/21 at Music Circus
by BWW News Desk - Jul 10, 2015
The 65th Music Circus season continues with Peter Pan, a high-flying, magical journey to Neverland that critics call "purely delightful�ageless�a wonderful tradition." The cast includes Broadway veterans, Music Circus audience favorites, and talented actors making their Music Circus debut this season. Performances are Tuesday, July 21 through Sunday, July 26. (more...)
CRITICS' CHOICE: Looking for weekend fun?
by Jeffrey Ellis - Jul 10, 2015
There are four new shows opening in the Middle Tennessee area this weekend, along with several other shows continuing their runs - Nobody's Perfect at Chaffin's Barn, KB Productions' The Trials and Tribulations of a Trailer Trash Housewife, Mary Poppins and Smoke on the Mountain at Cumberland County Playhouse, along with the final performance of Singin' in the Rain - so there's plenty of theater to keep you entertained through a hot July weekend. It's that time of year, so go have some fun! (more...)
VIDEO: Audra McDonald and Will Swenson Sing LAVERNE AND SHIRLEY Theme Song
by Sally Henry - Aug 2, 2015
Broadway husband and wife Will Swenson and Audra McDonald recently filmed themselves singing a seemingly random duet- the theme song from the hit '70s show LAVERNE AND SHIRLEY. Why? Because they can. Check out the fun a capella performance below! (more...)
BWW Reviews: Slater, Ferguson, Robinson, and Co. Bring Hilarity to SPAMALOT at the Hollywood Bowl
by Michael L. Quintos - Aug 1, 2015
Definitely one of this current millennium's funniest stage shows, the world-famous Hollywood Bowl certainly chose wisely in its decision to stage the hit musical comedy Monty Python's SPAMALOT as this year's all-star annual summer stage musical spectacular, which was welcomed with plenty of sustained, hearty laughter and a well-deserved standing ovation during its opening night performance on Friday evening, July 31st. The nearly 18,000-seat venue's truncated, yet still enormously entertaining re-staging of the 2005 Tony Award winner for Best Musical continues with two additional weekend performances, August 1-2. (more...)


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The Hollywood Reporter Unveils 2013 Reality Heat List
8:58 AM PDT 4/3/2013 by THR Staff
Continue reading the list
Reality Issue
'Amish: Out of Order,' 'Breaking Amish' and 'Amish Mafia'
The Amish Invasion
This story first appeared in the April 12 issue of The Hollywood Reporter magazine.
It's only fitting for the extremes-loving reality audience that in the year Jersey Shore said goodbye, the modest, modernity-shunning Amish became the genre's hot subculture: NatGeo has Amish: Out of Order, Breaking Amish has been a hit on TLC (it has averaged more than 3 million viewers), and Discovery boasts the edgy Amish Mafia.
PHOTOS: THR's Reality Heat List Photos: 'The Bachelor,' 'Shahs of Sunset,' Lisa Vanderpump
Says NatGeo's Michael Cascio, "People find their lifestyle aspirational -- or simply fascinating."
Continue reading the list


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Our Mission
The Center for Business Communications works with Kogod School of Business community to help them become better writers, speakers, thinkers, and readers. We believe that writers and speakers at all levels of ability benefit from sharing their written text and verbal presentations with people who will provide honest, yet supportive feedback. Our staff serves as both readers and audience members, and will ask questions and suggest revisions to improve clarity.
The Kogod Center for Business Communications can help you with:
- Brainstorming and formulating your bottom line
- Revising any written assignment in progress
- Organizing and practicing individual and team assignments
- Preparing for case competitions
- Developing PowerPoint slides and other slideware
- Overcoming nervousness when presenting
- Videotaping presentations
- Writing professional documents (emails, cover letters, reports, and other documents)
- Practicing elevator pitches and interview skills
KCBC Staff
Staff Members
Bonnie Auslander, Director
Nancy Sachs, Associate Director
Virginia Sheridan, Senior Assistant Director
Alex Myers, Assistant Director
Graduate Peer Consultants
Aimal Ahmadzai, MBA '14
Jed Byers, MBA '14
Kate Knorr, MBA '14
Renee Ledoux, MBA '14 & MA in Global Environmental Policy
Kristen Pierce, MBA '14
Undergraduate Peer Consultants
Nkem Chukwuma, BSBA: Finance & Management '16
Nick Eng, BSBA: Finance '15
Molly Fallon, BSBA: Marketing & Finance '14
Laura Iaffaldano, BSBA: Information Technology '15
Harold Roberts, BSBA: Finance '14
Lisa Schreiber, BLC '16
Janu Sonthi, BSBA '16
Spencer Swan, BSBA: Marketing & Entertainment '15
Jen Zolla, BSBA: International Business '16


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Brett's Audi A4 (Video)
As this car is being sold – Me and Jordan went out to do one final farewell shoot of Brett's Audi A4. I know I'll miss seeing these BLQ's blingin' at the meets. Here's one more and goodbye!
5 Comments
what kind of stabilizer do you use for the slow panning shots?
it's done on a "slider track" – so there isn't much shaking at all – if you want to do a little more smoothing > smooth cam in final cut pro
like the sticker says on his car.. Simply Clean
Couldn't have chosen a better location, song or car for this video.
one of the cleanest cars i have seen in my life O.O im in awe. and the cinematogrophy is crazy good. what kind of slider did you use? im trying to find a good one for cheap. may have to end up going home depot style though.


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Subaru BRZ RA Racing announced
A BRZ for the track
Subaru has introduced the BRZ RA Racing in Japan.
Designed to be the ultimate track toy, the model has been equipped with high-performance brakes, an improved cooling system and a Torsen limited-slip differential. There's also tow points, a six-point roll cage and sport seats with four-point harnesses.
Power is provided by a 2.0-liter four-cylinder boxer engine which likely produces 200 HP (147 kW) and 205 Nm (151 lb-ft) of torque. It is connected exclusively to a six-speed manual transmission.
The BRZ RA is currently available for order and pre-tax pricing starts at ¥2,731,429 ($30,120 / €22,390).
Can compete in ~ "GAZOO Racing 86/BRZ Race" announced the SUBARU BRZ "RA Racing" vehicles compete one-make race
Participation as a vehicle for one-make race 86/SUBARU BRZ TOYOTA, FHI, today announced the "RA Racing" was a charity race bodywork for SUBARU BRZ.
Based on the "RA" is the best grade to improve brake performance in the customization, Torsen LSD "RA Racing" is * 1 , equipped and air-cooled engine oil cooler. In addition, also decorated with safety equipment, such as 6-point roll cage and 4 point seat belt, was Mel specifications and enjoy with confidence the traveling circuit that assumes the race.
This vehicle, one make race "GAZOO Racing 86/BRZ Race" that is scheduled to take place from the summer of 2013: Toyota Techno Craft (supervision Toyota Cars Race association) * 2 will be released from the "86 Racing It is possible with the war. "
Under the brand statement "Confidence in Motion" Subaru, while through the "car making sure" to deliver "enjoyment and peace of mind", FHI, we aim to expand the Subaru fan. It is part of that commitment to one make race "GAZOO Racing 86/BRZ Race" at this time.
Major equipment - SUBARU BRZ "RA Racing"]
Front / rear ventilated disc brakes
brake ducts, dedicated & dedicated brake back plate (with vehicles left and right front)
, Torsen LSD [limited-slip differential]
engine oil cooler, air-cooled
4-point seat belt certified (FIA ,) Exclusively designed for competition vehicles equipped * 3 & ??Anchor bolt mounting
point roll cage, 6) (with sidebar
Manual air conditioning) with (clean filter
, dedicated floor mat) vehicles equipped with seat driver / passenger (
front transport Hook & rear transport hook (with vehicle-Exclusively designed for competition)
For vehicle bodywork, this vehicle will be allowed registration.
Is different from the general vehicle vehicle warranty. At the time of participation, such as motor sports racing, both car and parts-based bodywork
warranty becomes invalid.
Note) *: the price increases by 31,500 yen including tax ()


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Media Tour Kick-off
July 30, 2012 by Dr. Letitia Wright
Filed under Featured Articles
Attention Entrepreneurs…
If You Want More Media Exposure This Summer – Then You Need to Read This and the Fastest, Easiest Way to Make That Happen!
In our ultra-competitive professional world, talent and ambition are not always enough. Wright Place Media Tour Kick off is the solution!
Need some new content on your website that promotes YOU? Read more
How Realtors Got Hot (Again)
March 14, 2012 by Dr. Letitia Wright
Filed under Featured Articles, Front Page, Media Training, Wright Ideas
Listen to this article here!
Have you noticed that Realtors are hot again? Maybe you didn't Read more
Why PR?
October 13, 2011 by Dr. Letitia Wright
Filed under Featured Articles, Media Training, Wright Ideas
Why bother doing any publicity?
This is something we all wrestle with because when you do not use publicity you dont feel like you are missing anything. Here are a few reasons why to use PR:
1. Save money with advertising- You need to advertise ( if you are not clear on that and only want to advertise online then you can skip this enter post). When you have a story in the same medium you advertise in it gives you a third party endorsement. The potential clients get more exposure to you, they get to learn more about you and then the advertising can stick! Read more


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CHAPMANVILLE – The Little League summer all-star baseball season is under way.
Four games were played on Saturday at Chapmanville's Tracy Vickers Field as the District 2 7-8-year-old Coach Pitch tournament was slated to get started.
Pineville played the Madison No. 2 team, Tug Valley battled with Baileysville, Man took on Mullens, Omar was set to play Welch and Chapmanville faced Matewan in the closer.
The 11-team tournament is scheduled to continue on Sunday with five more games.
Mullens plays the Madison No. 1 team at 10 a.m. in a Pool C game to begin Sunday's action at Tracy Vickers Field. The noon game has Omar and Pineville squaring off in a Pool B contest. Then at 2 p.m., Tug Valley faces off with Mingo County foe Matewan in a Pool A game. The 4 p.m. game is a Pool A matchup between Chapmanville and Baileysville. Then at 6 p.m. in Sunday's finale, the Madison No. 2 team is set to take on Welch.
The pool play tournament continues on Monday with a pair of games as Omar squares off with the Madison No. 2 team at 6 p.m. and host Chapmanville battles with Tug Valley in the 8 p.m. closer in a Pool A contest.
On Tuesday night, two more games are set to take place as Matewan plays Baileysville at 6 p.m. and Man squares off with the Madison No. 1 team at 8 p.m.
Then on Wednesday, Welch is set to do battle with Pineville at 7 p.m.
Crossover playoff games are then slated for Thursday, June 27 as the Pool C and Pool B runner-up teams are set to play at 6 p.m. The 8 p.m. game has the Pool C winner facing off with the Pool A runner-up squad.
Then on Friday at 6 p.m., the Pool A winner plays takes on an advancing team. The 8 p.m. contest has the Pool B winner taking on another advancing team.
The District 2 Coach Pitch championship game is scheduled to be played on Saturday, June 29 at a time to be determined later.
Also on June 29, the 9-10-year-old District 2 tourney at Mullens is set to get under way.
The 11-12-year-old District 2 Little League tournament at Madison is scheduled to begin on July 6.
* The District 2 7-8-year-old Coach Pitch Little League Tournament began on Saturday in Chapmanville.
In Game 1, Pineville routed the Madison No. 2 team, 19-8.
In the second game, Tug Valley outlasted Baileysville 8-6.
In Game 3, Man blasted Mullens 12-2 in a game that was stopped after five innings due to the 10-run mercy rule.
Omar played Welch and Chapmanville took on Matewan in the last two games on Saturday but no scores were available as of presstime.
Jullian Vance, Zach Hall, Dakota Ooten and Cody Crum all had three hits each for Tug Valley. Paul Preece and Karlie Smith had two hits apiece. Dale Bledsoe, Morgan Massie and Hunter Lester had two hits each for Baileysville.
Man was led by Jordan Adams, who was 4-for-4 with an inside-the-park home run. Diezel Cook also hit an inside-the-park homer for Man. Cook, Jeremiah Harless, Drake Veres, Colton Miller, Bo Thompson and John McCoy had two hits each.
Braylon Arvon had two hits to lead the Mullens All-Stars.
Look for more results from the weekend action as well as pictures in Tuesday's sports and online at www.loganbanner.com.


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Russian media says Marussia Motors has asked Finnish car maker Valmet Automotive to produce 300 sports cars a year at its plant in Uuskaupunki.
The news comes just days after Valmet said it was hiring 200 new workers to cope with growing demand for the Fisker Karma plug-in hybrid car.
The factory currently employs about 850 people.
Marussia Motors President Nikolia Fomenko told reporters at the
International Investment Forum in Sochi that he hopes Valmet will launch full assembly of the sports utility vehicles next spring.
In a separate interview with the Voice of Russia, Fomenko explained why his company selected Valmet.
— Valmet has a huge experience in car assembly. We chose them because there are the closest to us geographically. Secondly, our current facility does not have enough capacity to execute all the orders we have received.
Meanwhile, Valmet says extra staff are needed for the Fisker Karma both on the production and administrative side.
— We have positions available especially on the car assembly line, but also in the paint shop and in the logistics operations, says Valmet Automotive Executive Vice President Risto Hukkanen in a press release.


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Hot Pick: Orange Trade Days
Shopping, Cajun eats, a farmer's market and live music — a visit to Orange Trade Days sure isn't a bad way to kill a summer day. And since this flea market is indoors, you can beat the heat while shopping for clothes, jewelry, furniture and art. This month's show is especially fun because it's the […] [Read More]
Holiday parties for the fun kin
Since we're all about places to take your visiting loved ones this week, here are a few upcoming events everyone in the fam can get behind: Holiday exhibit reception Featuring: Live music, refreshments and medieval manuscripts from the Stark Collections, including four medieval Books of Hours with Christmas imagery When: 5 to 8 p.m. Dec. […] [Read More]
Hot Pick: Orange Trade Days
It's the perfect time of year — just before it gets to hot, muggy and buggy — to hit a few of the local flea markets dotting I-10 between here and infinity. These weekend-long events are the perfect place to pick up antique furniture, weird gifts for loved ones or some vintage clothes, all available […] [Read More]


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Hilliard City Council has approved a new 3 year contract with the union representing police officers.
The officers will get a 5.5 percent pay increase this year and a 2.5 percent increase in each of the following two years. The union ratified the contract earlier this month.


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Disclosed is a technique for producing bichromal balls that are adapted for use in high temperature applications. The bichromal balls find particular application in signs and display devices that can be used in environments in which the temperature exceeds 40° C.
1. A process for forming bichromal balls adapted for display applications at temperatures greater than 40° C., said process comprising: providing a polyethylene wax having a molecular weight distribution of about 200 to about 3000; providing an isoparaffin solvent; extracting said polyethylene wax with said isoparaffin solvent to remove a fraction of said polyethylene wax from a remaining purified portion of said polyethylene wax, said fraction having an average molecular weight of less than 700; and forming bichromal balls adapted for display applications at temperatures greater than 40° C. from said purified portion of said polyethylene wax, wherein said forming of the bichromal balls from said purified polyethylene wax includes: mixing said purified polyethylene wax with a first pigment to produce a first wax material; mixing said purified polyethylene wax with a second pigment to produce a second wax material; heating said first wax material to a temperature greater than the melting temperature of said first wax material; heating said second wax material to a temperature greater than the melting point of the second wax material; depositing said heated first wax material and said second wax material onto a spinning disk to produce bichromal balls adapted for use in display applications at temperatures greater than 40° C.
2. The process of
3. The process of
4. The process of
5. The process of
6. The process of
7. The process of
providing a silicone fluid;
providing a shell material;
encapsulating said bichromal balls and said silicone oil within a shell of said shell material.
The present disclosure relates, in various exemplary embodiments, to high temperature applications for bichromal balls and related signage or displays utilizing the same. The disclosure finds particular application in conjunction with reusable display technology and "electric paper," which is electronically writeable and erasable and will be described with particular reference thereto. However, it is to be appreciated that the present exemplary embodiments are amenable to other like applications.
Bichromal balls, or beads as sometimes referred to in the art, are tiny spherical balls, such as micron-sized wax beads, which have an optical and an electrical anisotropy. These characteristics generally result from each hemisphere surface or side having a different color, such as black on one side and white on the other, and electrical charge, i.e., positive or negative. Depending on the electrical field produced, the orientation of these beads will change, showing a different color (such as black or white) and collectively create a visual image.
In this regard, the spherical particles are generally embedded in a solid substrate with a slight space between each ball. The substrate is then filled with a liquid (such as an oil) so that the balls are free to rotate in a changing electrical field, but can not migrate from one location to another. If one hemisphere is black and the other is white. Each pixel can be turned on and off by the electrical field applied to that location. Furthermore, each pixel can be individually addressed, and a full page image can thus be generated.
For example, reusable signage or displays can be produced by incorporating the tiny bichromal beads in a substrate such as sandwiched between thin sheets of a flexible elastomer and suspended in an emulsion. The beads reside in their own cavities within the flexible sheets of material. Under the influence of a voltage applied to the surface, the beads will rotate to present one side or the other to the viewer to create an image. The image stays in place until a new voltage pattern is applied using software, which erases the previous image and generates a new one. This results in a reusable signage or display that is electronically writable and erasable.
Furthermore, electronic displays produced by these bichromal balls or beads are sometimes referred to as "gyricon" displays. This terminology is reportedly the result of a combination of the Greek word for "rotating" and the Latin word for "image."
Numerous patents describe bichromal balls, their manufacture, incorporation in display systems or substrates, and related uses and applications. Exemplary patents include, but are not limited to: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,262,098; 5,344,594; 5,604,027 reissued as Re 37,085; 5,708,525; 5,717,514; 5,739,801; 5,754,332; 5,815,306; 5,900,192; 5,976,428; 6,054,071; 5,989,629; 6,235,395; 6,419,982; 6,235,395; 6,419,982; 6,445,490; and 6,703,074; all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. In addition, disclosure is provided by U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,126,854; and 5,825,529; and N. K. Sheridon et al., "The Gyricon—A twisting ball display", Proc. SID, Boston, Mass., 289, 1977; T. Pham et al., "Electro-optical characteristics of the Gyricon display", SID '02 Digest, 199, 2002; which again are hereby incorporated by reference.
Gyricon displays, or those based upon bichromal balls, are mainly used for indoor electronic signage applications. Outdoor applications are limited because the base polymer used in Gyricon media is a nonfunctional polyethylene, such as POLYWAX® 1000 or POLYWAX® 2000 from Baker Petrolite Corporation, Sugarland, Tex. The reason for the limited application is that at higher temperatures, it is believed that a fraction of the POLYWAX® leaches out to silicone fluid typically utilized inside the device, such as at about 50° C. to about 60° C. These unwanted materials are then carried or dispersed in the silicone fluid, thereby hindering bead rotation. As a result, the optical performances of the devices are significantly reduced. At present, the application temperature must generally be maintained below about 40° C. by various cooling methods and there is no very successful method to prevent the noted leaching difficulties described generally above.
Accordingly, there is a need for a bichromal ball display and related techniques for producing the same, that can be used at relatively high temperatures, and which avoids the problems associated with currently known displays.
In accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, a process is provided for forming bichromal balls adapted for use in high temperature applications. The process comprises providing a polyalkylene wax and an organic solvent, and extracting the polyalkylene wax with the organic solvent to yield a purified polyalkylene wax. The process further comprises forming bichromal balls from the purified polyalkylene wax, to thereby produce the bichromal balls adapted for use in high temperature applications.
In yet another aspect, the disclosure provides a process for forming bichromal balls adapted for display applications for use at temperatures greater than 40° C. The process comprises providing a polyalkylene wax, such as a polyethylene wax, and an organic solvent, such as an isoparaffin solvent, and extracting the wax with the solvent at a temperature greater than about 60° C., preferably greater than about 80° C., to remove a fraction of the wax from a remaining purified portion of the wax. The fraction has an average molecular weight less than the average molecular weight of the purified portion of the wax. The process also comprises forming bichromal balls adapted for display applications at temperatures greater than 40° C. from the purified portion of the wax.
These and other non-limiting aspects and/or objects of the exemplary embodiments are more particularly disclosed below.
The following is a brief description of the drawings, which are presented for the purposes of illustrating one or more of the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein and not for the purposes of limiting the same.
The present disclosure provides, in various exemplary embodiments, the processes and procedures for purifying a polyalkylene wax, and particularly a polyethylene wax, by solvent extraction. The purified polyalkylene wax is then incorporated into bichromal balls or beads to produce a bichromal ball display. The resulting displays are suitable for use in high temperature applications.
In this regard, a polyalkylene wax, such as a blend of polyethylene waxes having different molecular weights, is suspended in a hot (i.e., from about 60° C. to about 100° C., and generally at about 80° C.) organic solvent, such as an isoparaffin solvent, for several hours (i.e., from about 1 hour to about 12 hours), followed by a hot extraction and/or filtration. This procedure may be repeated one or more times. The extracted materials are identified as low molecular weight waxes (i.e., from about 300 to about 700 molecular weight polyalkylenes) by DSC. The remaining purified waxy solids can then be mixed with pigment and utilized for producing bichromal balls or beads. Pigmented wax beads or bichromal balls as generally referred to herein, made of purified polyalkylene wax (i.e., molecular weights from about 700 to about 3,000, including greater than about 1,000 molecular weight), have shown superior tolerance towards leaching in silicone oil at elevated temperatures.
As briefly mentioned above, the base polymer typically used in the production of Gyricon beads or bichromal balls is a crystalline polyethylene wax commercially available under the designation POLYWAX® 1000 (also designated as PW1000) from Baker Petrolite, Corp. The bichromal balls are typically embedded in a layer of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer which is swollen by Dow Corning DC200 silicone fluid when incorporated into a display device or application. The performance of the resulting device is very good at ambient temperature. However, once the devices are heated beyond about 50° C. and then brought back to room temperature, the device performance is significantly reduced.
In accordance with the present exemplary embodiment, the cause of the above described diminished performance has been identified as resulting from a fraction of polyethylene wax dissolving into the silicone fluid inside the device at high temperatures. After cooling to room or ambient temperature, these leached materials are deposited back inside the device, which hinders the rotation of the bichromal balls.
Currently, no successful method to solve the above described problem is believed to be known. Accordingly, current Gyricon devices should be operated below 40° C. because polyethylene waxes such as PW1000 are highly soluble in DC200 silicone fluid at elevated temperatures.
Additionally, POLYWAX® 2000 (PW2000) is also a polyethylene wax made by Baker Petrolite. This material has also been used for producing bichromal balls because it has a higher melting point than PW1000 (126° C. vs 113° C.) and it is a good candidate for high temperature package. However, bichromal balls made of PW2000 did not show any improvements when utilized in devices at elevated temperatures. Further investigation revealed that even though the leaching of PW2000 is less than PW1000 under identical conditions, the relatively small amount of leached materials is still sufficient to hinder rotation of the bichromal balls.
The present disclosure concerns the use of solvent extraction to remove the soluble fraction of a polyalkylene wax used in the production of bichromal balls, such as for example PW2000. In the embodiments described herein, extraction is performed with a commercially available organic solvent, such as an isoparaffinic solution or solvent designated as ISOPAR®. The purified PW2000 has a superior tolerance to leaching than PW2000 prior to undergoing solvent extraction. Although not wishing to be bound to any particular theory, it is believed that upon extraction, the extracted portion of the wax has an average molecular weight that is less than the average molecular weight of the remaining portion of the wax.
The extraction operation may use a number of solvent extraction steps. That is, the number of extractions can range from about 1 to about 10 times; however, a number from 1 to 5 is typical. It may in certain applications be desirable to perform the extraction at elevated temperatures, such as for example at about 60° C. to about 100° C., and generally at about 800° C.
In addition, the present discovery relates to a process of making high temperature bichromal ball devices from a purified polyalkylene wax such as purified PW2000. That is, the bichromal ball is made of a 'purified' PW2000, for example. The purification process is a hot solvent extraction of virgin PW2000 by ISOPAR® C. at 85° C. The low molecular weight fraction of PW2000 is successfully removed. Bichromal ball devices of 'purified' PW2000 do not show optical degradation at 78° C. for time periods of over 120 hours.
In this regard, polyalkylene waxes, such as POLYWAX® 1000 and 2000, are generally low molecular weight homopolymers, which are 100% linear and saturated and characterized by a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of approximately 1.1. Because the POLYWAX polyethylenes are linear and have a narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD), physical properties are highly co-related, such that the melting point and hardness are reportedly controlled by molecular weight alone.
The production process of such waxes is controllable to the extent that desired molecular weight products are obtained predictably and consistently. Product with number average molecular weights from about 450 to about 3000, with corresponding melting points of 80° C. to 132° C., are commercially available. Due to their 100% linearity and narrow molecular weight distribution, POLYWAX® polyethylenes characteristically display high crystallinity and sharp melting points.
Typical properties of polyethylene waxes such as POLYWAX® 1000 are POLYWAX® 2000 and as follows:
Other commercially available polyalkylenes include the Licowax™ product line available from Clariant, Luwax (BASF), and A-C Wax (Honeywell). Typical properties of these waxes are listed below:
In turn, the polyalkylene waxes are purified by hot extraction and/or filtration in organic solvent solutions, such as isoparaffin solutions. ISOPAR® is the brand name for various grades of high-purity isoparaffinic solvents with narrow boiling ranges, available from Exxon Corp. The exceptional purity of ISOPAR® is the basis for such desirable properties such as low odor, selective solvency, good oxidation stability, low electrical conductivity, and low skin irritation. The inherently low surface tension of ISOPAR® also imparts superior spreadability to formulations utilizing ISOPAR®. Other commercially available sources of isoparaffinic solvents can be used such as Ashpar from Ashland Chemical, Soltrol from CPChem, Shellsol (Shell Chemical).
Tables 1-8, set forth below, list various properties for the ISOPAR® grades.
Other suitable organic solvents include halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1,3-dichlorobenzene (Aldrich), 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (Aldrich), halocarbon 0.8 (Halocarbon Inc.), halocarbon 1.8 (Halocarbon Inc.), aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene (Aldrich), xylene (Aldrich) and linear or branched hydrocarbons with carbon number from 8 to 20.
The purified polyalkylene wax, and particularly polyethylene wax, can be used in a bichromal ball production process. The resulting bichromal balls produced therefrom are particularly adapted for use in high temperature applications.
A typical process for forming the bichromal balls described herein is as follows. After purification, the purified polyalkylene wax is mixed with a first pigment to produce a first wax material. The purified polyalkylene wax is mixed with a second pigment to produce a second wax material. These mixing operations can be performed to produce many different wax materials, typically having different colors or other different properties as compared to the other materials.
Next, the wax materials prepared are then heated to a temperature greater than the highest melting temperature of the wax materials. The heating operations can be performed separately upon each of the wax materials or collectively. Upon the wax materials being heated to a suitable temperature such that the wax material flows, the materials are then deposited onto a spinning disk to produce bichromal balls adapted for use in high temperature applications. The spinning disk production method is described in one or more of the patents referenced herein.
The polymer or wax materials can be colored through the addition of pigments, dyes, light reflective or light blocking particles, etc., as it is commonly known in the art. In this regard, a "pigment" is defined herein to include any substance, usually in the form of a dry powder, which imparts color to another substance or mixture. Most pigments are insoluble in organic solvents and water; exceptions are the natural organic pigments, such as chlorophyll, which are generally organosoluble. To qualify as a pigment, a material must have positive colorant value. This definition excludes whiting, barytes, clays, and talc.
Pigments may be classified as follows:
Some pigments (zinc oxide, carbon black) are also reinforcing agents, but the two terms are not synonymous; in the parlance of the paint and rubber industries these distinctions are not always observed.
"Dyes" include natural and synthetic dyes. A natural dye is an organic colorant obtained from an animal or plant source. Among the best-known are madder, cochineal, logwood, and indigo. The distinction between natural dyes and natural pigments is often arbitrary.
A synthetic dye is an organic colorant derived from coal-tar- and petroleum-based intermediates and applied by a variety of methods to impart bright, permanent colors to textile fibers. Some dyes, call "fugitive," are unstable to sunlight, heat, and acids or bases; others, called "fast," are not. Direct (or substantive) dyes can be used effectively without "assistants"; indirect dyes require either chemical reduction (vat type) or a third substance (mordant), usually a metal salt or tannic acid, to bind the dye to the fiber.
A "colorant" as used herein is any substance that imparts color to another material or mixture. Colorants are either dyes or pigments, and may either be (1) naturally present in a material, (2) admixed with it mechanically, or (3) applied to it in a solution.
There may be no generally accepted distinction between dyes and pigments. Some have proposed one on the basis of solubility, or of physical form and method of application. Most pigments, so called, are insoluble, inorganic powders, the coloring effect being a result of their dispersion in a solid or liquid medium. Most dyes, on the other hand, are soluble synthetic organic products which are chemically bound to and actually become part of the applied material. Organic dyes are usually brighter and more varied than pigments, but tend to be less stable to heat, sunlight, and chemical effects. The term colorant applies to black and white as well as to actual colors.
Examples of such colorants (i.e., pigments, dyes, etc.) and their commercial sources include, but are not limited to, magenta pigments such as 2,9-dimethyl-substituted quinacridone and anthraquinone dye, identified in the color index as C1 60710, C1 Dispersed Red 15, a diazo dye identified in the color index as C1 26050, C1 Solvent Red 19, and the like; cyan pigments including copper tetra-4-(octadecylsulfonamido) phthalocyanine, copper phthalocyanine pigment, listed in the color index as C1 74160, Pigment Blue, and Anthradanthrene Blue, identified in the color index as C1 69810, Special Blue X-2137, and the like; yellow pigments including diarylide yellow 3,3-dichlorobenzidine acetoacetanilides, a monoazo pigment identified in the color index as C1 12700, C1 Solvent Yellow 16, a nitrophenyl amine sulfonamide identified in the color index as Foron Yellow SE/GLN, C1 Dispersed Yellow 33, 2,5-dimethoxy acetoacetanilide, Permanent Yellow FGL, and the like. Other suitable colorants include Normandy Magenta RD-2400 (Paul Uhlich), Paliogen Violet 5100 (BASF), Paliogen Violet 5890 (BASF), Permanent Violet VT2645 (Paul Uhlich), Heliogen Green L8730 (BASF), Argyle Green XP-111-S (Paul Uhlich), Brilliant Green Toner GR 0991 (Paul Uhlich), Heliogen Blue L6900, L7020 (BASF), Heliogen Blue D6840, D7080 (BASF), Sudan Blue OS (BASF), PV Fast Blue B2G0 (American Hoechst), Irgalite Blue BCA (Ciba-Geigy), Paliogen Blue 6470 (BASF), Sudan III (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan II (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan IV (Matheson, Coleman, Bell), Sudan Orange G (Aldrich, Sudan Orange 220 (BASF), Paliogen Orange 3040 (BASF), Ortho Orange OR 2673 (Paul Uhlich), Paliogen Yellow 152, 1560 (BASF), Lithol Fast Yellow 0991K (BASF), Paliotol Yellow 1840 (BASF), Novoperm Yellow FG1 (Hoechst), Permanent Yellow YE 0305 (Paul Uhlich), Lumogen Yellow D0790 (BASF), Suco-Gelb L1250 (BASF), Suco-Yellow D1355 (BASF), Hostaperm Pink E (American Hoechst), Fanal Pink D4830 (BASF), Cinquasia Magenta (DuPont), Lithol Scarlet D3700 (BASF), Tolidine Red (Aldrich), Scarlet for Thermoplast NSD PS PA (Ugine Kuhlmann of Canada), E.D. Toluidine Red (Aldrich), Lithol Rubine Toner (Paul Uhlich), Lithol Scarlet 4440 (BASF), Bon Red C (Dominion Color Co.), Royal Brilliant Red RD-8192 (Paul Uhlich), Oracet Pink RF (Ciba-Geigy), Paliogen Red 3871 K (BASF), Paliogen Red 3340 (BASF), and Lithol Fast Scarlet L4300 (BASF). Examples of black pigments include carbon black products from Cabot corporation, such as Black Pearls 2000, Black Pearls 1400, Black Pearls 1300, Black Pearls 1100, Black Pearls 1000, Black Pearls 900, Black Pearls 880, Black Pearls 800, Black Pearls 700, Black Pearls 570, Black Pearls 520, Black Pearls 490, Black Pearls 480, Black Pearls 470, Black Pearls 460, Black Pearls 450, Black Pearls 430, Black Pearls 420, Black Pearls 410, Black Pearls 280, Black Pearls 170, Black Pearls 160, Black Pearls 130, Black Pearls 120, Black Pearls L; Vulcan XC72, Vulcan PA90, Vulcan 9A32, , Regal 660, Regal 400, Regal 330, Regal 350, Regal 250, Regal 991, Elftex pellets 115, Mogul L.
Carbon black products from Degussa-Hüis such as FW1, Nipex 150, Printex 95, SB4, SB5, SB100, SB250, SB350, SB550; Carbon black products from Columbian such as Raven 5750; Carbon black products from Mitsubishi Chemical such as #25, #25B, #44, and MA-100-S can also be utilized.
Other black pigments that may also be used include Ferro™ 6330, a manganese ferrite pigment available from Ferro Corporation, and Paliotol Black 0080 (Aniline Black) available from BASF.
Moreover, one or more processing aid, such as surface active agents and dispersants aids like Aerosol™ OT-100 (from American Cynamid Co. of Wayne, N.J.) and aluminum octoate (Witco). Dispersant aids such as X-5175 (from Baker-Petrolite Corporation), Unithox™ 480 (from Baker-Petrolite Corp.), Polyox™ N80 (Dow), and Ceramer™ 5750 (Baker-Petrolite Corp.) can also be added to the waxy base material.
Once the high temperature bichromal balls are produced by the process set forth above, they may be encapsulated for use in high temperature display applications. Generally, the encapsulation process involves providing a silicone oil which as previously noted can be polydimethylsiloxane. A shell material as described in the art is also provided. The high temperature bichromal balls, i.e. those utilizing the purified polyalkylene wax, are then encapsulated. The bichromal balls are dispersed in the silicone oil within a shell of the shell material.
Generally, the present exemplary embodiment can be extended to the purification of any polyalkylene wax, and particularly polyethylene wax. Although nearly any polyethylene wax can be used, typically a wax having a melting point of from about 100° C. to about 150° C. is used, and particularly from about 113° C. to about 126° C. The present exemplary embodiment also utilizes one or more solvent extractions of the wax with one or more isoparaffin solvents, to produce a purified wax. The purified wax, when used in a bichromal ball manufacturing process, enables the formation of bichromal balls that are particularly well adapted for high temperature applications.
A series of trials were performed to further investigate this discovery. In Example 1, extraction of PW2000 (SM151C) was performed as follows. 50 g of powdered PW2000 was suspended in 500 ml ISOPAR® C. The mixture was heated to 80° C. for 4 hours, followed by a hot filtration. The filtered solid was dried under suction for 5 minutes and then re-suspended in 500 ml ISOPAR® C for a second hot extraction at 80° C. This procedure was repeated for a total of three extractions. The filtrates in these three extractions were cooled to room temperature and white solids were formed inside the filtrates. These white solids were collected by suction, dried at 80° C. for overnight. The weight and DSC were recorded on these white residues. In addition, the DSC of regular PW2000 and purified PW2000 were also recorded.
The mass of extracted residue was as follows:
In another example, Example 2, black pigmented wax beads (Sm154A) were prepared as follows. 55.72 g of purified PW2000 was melted at 140° C. 0.28 g of Polyox™ N80 (Dow) additive was then added, followed by 14 g Ferro 6331 black pigment. The mixture was homogenized for 30 minutes at 145-150° C. The melted wax was used to make monochrome beads by a modified benchtop spinner.
A characterization was performed. From the DSC shown in
Next, leaching was performed as follows. 1.5 g of monochrome beads were mixed with silicone fluid available from Dow Corning under the designation DC200 1cSt fluid (5 ml). The mixture was heated inside a 80° C. oven for 3 hours and then cooled back to room temperature. A first vial containing regular PW2000 black bead and another vial containing purified PW2000 bead were collected. The white precipitate material in the first vial was the leached material which was not found in the other vial.
The present discovery also relates to a purification process for obtaining a refined polyalkylene wax such as polyethylene wax, and specifically, POLYWAX. Specifically, it has been successfully demonstrated to provide a large scale (50 kg) extraction procedure. This procedure is scaleable. This purification step not only provides a solution to the high temperature Gyricon problem, but also enables the alleviation of the batch-to-batch variability of POLYWAX from Baker Petrolite. This batch-to-batch variability results in significant expenditures of time in determining optimum spinning conditions for forming bichromal balls. The root cause is the change in the distribution of molecular weight of POLYWAX. With the implementation of the noted purification step, it is possible to narrow the molecular weight distribution from about Mn=2022, Mw=2434 with PDI=Mw/Mn=1.30 to Mn=2019, Mw=2248 with PDI=1.12, which leads to elimination of the wax variability problem. The extracted material has a molecular weight distribution of Mn=1064, Mw=1233 with PDI=1.16.
The following process describes production of bichromal Gyricon beads with purified POLYWAX 2000.
Step 1: 150-gallon Polywax 2000 Extraction Process
50 kg Polywax 2000 (Baker Petrolite) and 292 kg Ashpar C (Ashland) were charged into a 150-gallon Cogeim filter-dryer that was fitted with a 0.5 um Gortex filter cloth. Mixing was started at 30 RPM, the filter-dryer was heated to 85° C., and the slurry was mixed for three hours at 85° C. The Ashpar C was filtered off by vacuum, leaving a Polywax 2000 wet cake on the filter cloth. 292 kg fresh Aspar C was charged into the filter-dryer, and the Polywax 2000 wet cake was reslurried by mixing at 30 RPM. The filter-dryerwas again heated to 85° C., the slurry was mixed for three hours at 85° C., and the Ashpar C was filtered off by vacuum. The preceding steps were repeated two more times, for a total of four mixing/filtering steps. The remaining Polywax 2000 wet cake was dried at 85° C. for 18 hours in the filter-dryer, and then discharged as a fine white powder. The powder was comilled through a 70-mesh screen to remove lumps. The final product from this procedure will hereafter be referred to as "purified Polywax 2000".
Step 2: White Pigmented Wax Preparation
6 kg purified Polywax 2000 (from step 1) and 2570 g R-104 titanium dioxide (DuPont) were charged into a 5-gallon plastic pail, and the pail was tumbled for 45 minutes on a jar mill. This blend was then fed at 10 pounds per hour through a ZSK-30 extruder with screw speed set at 300 RPM, six temperature zones set at 90° C. and the circular die set at 120° C. The final extruded composite was a white cylindrical solid and will hereafter be referred to as "white pigmented wax."
Step 3: Black Pigmented Wax Preparation
6 kg purified Polywax 2000, 1510 g F-6331-2 Black Pigment (Ferro Corp.), and 28.26 g Polyox™ N80 additive (Baker Petrolite) were charged into a 5-gallon plastic pail and tumbled for 45 minutes on a jar mill. This blend was then fed at 10 pounds per hour through a ZSK-30 extruder with screw speed set at 300 RPM, six temperature zones set at 90° C. and the circular die set at 120° C. The final extruded composite was a black cylindrical solid and will hereafter be referred to as "black pigmented wax."
Step 4: Bichromal Bead Production
1.2 kg white pigmented wax (from step 2) was charged into a Dyanatec Dynamelt, melter-feeder, heated to 155° C., and mixed by hand until melted. 1.2 kg black pigmented wax (from Step 3) was charged into a separate Dyanatec Dynamelt melter-feeder, heated to 155° C., and mixed by hand until melted. When both pigmented waxes were melted, they were fed at 40 g/minute through hoses heated to 135-160° C., through a nozzle heated to 135-160° C., and onto a stainless steel disk (10 cm diameter; 10-mil thickness) rotating at 3900 RPM. The black and white pigmented waxes were metered onto opposite sides of the spinning disk, resulting in production of spherical bichromal beads (i.e., half white, half black). The final bichromal bead product had a wide particle size distribution, and the beads were classified by sieve to retain those in the size range 75 um to 106 um (about 50 wt% of overall product). The final product will hereafter be referred to as "purified Gyricon beads."
In a trial addressing scale-up of the present discovery process,
The virgin PW2000 exhibits a broad endothermic event from 90 to 110° C. which is significantly greater than either one of both purified samples. In addition, the pilot plant sample shows a more silent feature than the bench scale sample. Therefore, the pilot plant sample is more pure than bench scale one.
The following describes fabrication of a device using bichromal balls formed from purified POLYWAX.
Fabrication of Gyricon Sheet (Sample AA569): Sylgard 184 mixture (1.5:10 curing/resin, Dow Corning) was mixed together followed by addition of the same weight of Gyricon beads. After removing the bubbles, the mixture was spread over a carrier substrate sheet, then cured at 90° C. for 2 hrs. Cooling to room temperature occurred, and then a 4 ×6″ sheet was subjected to ultrasonic exposure for 10 minutes. The contrast ratio was measured using (ITO-Mylar/Mylar)/PCB pillow configuration.
The results were as follows. Three Gyricon samples made of three different POLYWAXES were tested side by side: PW1000, Unpurified PW2000, and Purified PW2000. PW1000 beads stopped rotating in 1 hour after placement in an oven at 78° C. Unpurified PW2000 CR stopped rotating after 48 hours and Purified PW2000 sustained its CR. See Tables 9 and 10 below.
No optical performance degradation was observed in purified PW2000 Gyricon devices after cycling at 78° C. over 120 hours. Interestingly, the unpurified PW2000 devices rotated much better at 780° than at room temperature. This is consistent with the "precipitation model" for CR loss in this system, i.e. soluble polywax precipitates out in the capsule thereby inhibiting room temperature bead rotation.
Prior to the present discovery, Gyricon devices typically exhibited a 40° C. upper limit operating temperature. Therefore, such devices were generally only used for the indoor signage market. In order to provide outdoor signage, external cooling units were often required which is costly and hampers large scale testing. By utilizing 'purified' PW2000, high quality bichromal Gyricon beads are successfully prepared. Devices of 'purified' Gyricon bead have shown superior high temperature tolerance. This new package of materials can significantly expand the operating limits of Gyricon devices.
While particular embodiments have been described, alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents that are or may be presently unforeseen may arise to applicants or others skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims as filed and as they may be amended are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents.
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