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Loren Steffy
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Taller tax bills loom for Houston office towers
While the higher appraisals still won't catch up to the market value for most prime properties, it will narrow the gap that's existed for several years. [Read More]
There's no free ride in the Gulf
Markey threatens to unravel one of the few bipartisan laws that contained something so often lacking in energy legislation: long-term vision. [Read More]
Loophole lets refiners punt on part of tax bills
It's not the first time this has happened – four years ago, the district had to repay Valero almost $2.4 million – and unless lawmakers close a loophole in the state law that governs appraisals, it won't be the last. [Read More]
Byproduct of a boom: gas flares visible from space
The NASA images are a reminder that at a time when the U.S. strives for to reduce dependence on foreign oil, it's literally burning up the very fuel that may power the path to independence. [Read More]
Another danger stalks federal spending
Today's column, available on houstonchronicle.com: They lurk behind the congressional discussions of fiscal policy, from this week's debt ceiling vote to the fiscal cliff fiasco earlier this month, yet lawmakers rarely speak of them. They are the danger stalking Congress these days, the hidden quagmire of fiscal policy: interest rates. The danger – and the […] [Read More]
Congress clings to old spending habits
The fiscal cliff compromise includes a litany of tax breaks that are a reflection of the far larger problem that Congress now faces. [Read More]
A fresh perspective on the fiscal cliff
We're all getting a bit of fiscal cliff fatigue, but this recent TED lecture by Planet Money co-host Adam Davidson is worth listening to. He not only explains the consequences of our fiscal woes, but also offers a practical view of how we can solve them. [Read More]
On the way to the fiscal cliff, we went broke again
We appear to be gearing up for yet another battle in which the political parties, after the fact, bicker over spending they already approved while leaving the spending that's yet to come unchecked. [Read More]
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Remote measurement of temperature of a process chamber provided with a substrate exhibiting a temperature dependent band gap which substrate is illuminated by a source of continuous spectrum light with a spectrum which overlaps the band gap edge of the substrate. The light which exits the substrate is focused by a lens and is picked up by a fiber optic which takes it to a spectrometer where the spectrum is analyzed to ascertain the intensity versus wavelength histograph for exit rays in the wavelength region of the equivalent band gap of the substrate. The wavelength at the point of infection in the region of band gap edge of the substrate in the histograph of the wavelength versus intensity characteristic of exit rays determines the real time substrate temperature from predetermined calibration data which correlates the wavelength at the point of inflection to actual temperature of the substrates.
1. Method for remote determinations of temperature of a substrate in a process chamber comprising;
causing light rays to impinge upon the surface of said substrate, the temperature of which substrate is desired;
receiving said light rays after said light rays have impinged upon and exited, as exit rays, from said substrate;
analyzing said exit rays to obtain a histograph of intensity versus wavelength, said histograph having a point of inflection;
ascertaining the wavelength of said point of inflection in the histograph of intensity versus wavelength for said exit rays in the region of the band gap edge of the said substrate; and
determining the temperature of said substrate by extracting said temperature from an experimentally determined relationship between the wavelength of point of inflection for said substrate material and temperature of said substrate material.
2. The method of claim 1 including the further steps of: comparing said determined temperature to a selected temperature profile; and
controlling a heater to adjust said determined temperature to said selected temperature.
3. Apparatus for remotely determining the temperature of a substrate in a process chamber comprising:
a substrate, said substrate being supported in a process chamber, said substrate being comprised of a material exhibiting a band gap energy characteristic which is a function of temperature;
a source of heat and a source of continuous spectrum light, said spectrum of said light source overlapping the wavelengths corresponding to band gap energy of said substrate;
means to cause light rays emanating from said light source to impinge upon a surface of said substrate;
means to detect rays from said light source after said light source rays have impinged upon and exited as exit rays from said substrate;
means to analyze said exit rays which have exited from said substrate to ascertain the intensity versus wavelength histograph for said exit rays in the wavelength region of the equivalent band gap energy of said substrate;
means to detect the wavelength at the point of inflection in the region of said band gap energy of said substrate in said histograph of the wavelength versus intensity characteristic of said exit rays including means to determine the wavelength at the point that the rate of change of said intensity as a function of said wavelength is a maximum;
means to determine the temperature of said substrate from predetermined calibration data which correlates the wavelength at said point of inflection to actual temperature of said substrate.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 further including:
means to control the temperature of said substrate to a desired temperature, said means including means for comparing the actual temperature ascertained from said determination of the temperature using said predetermined calibration data to a selected desired temperature and including feed-back means to control the source of heat to minimize the result of said comparison.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said source of heat and said source of continuous spectrum light comprises an electrically excited heater.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said process chamber is an molecular beam epitaxy machine.
7. Molecular beam epitaxy apparatus comprising:
(a) an electrically controllable heater for radiatively controlling the temperature of a wafer substrate being processed in said apparatus;
(b) a thermocouple and a heater controller, said thermocouple being connected to said heater controller for controlling said electrically controllable heater responsive to a preselected temperature;
(c) a spectrometer having a detector;
(d) means for causing, in operation, light rays exiting from a wafer substrate to be directed into said spectrometer;
(e) means for obtaining a histograph of the intensity of the said light rays as a function of wavelength, said histograph exhibiting a point of inflection in the wavelength region of the band gap of said substrate;
(f) means for determining the wavelength at said point of inflection in the said histograph including means to determine the rate of change of said intensity as a function of said wavelength;
(g) means to determine the temperature of said wafer from said wavelength of said point of inflection; and
(h) means to provide said determined temperature to said heater controller.
8. The molecular beam epitaxy apparatus of claim 7 wherein,
said heater controller includes means to periodically recalibrate said thermocouple temperature determinations.
9. In a temperature measurement system including a broad band light source, a substrate having a temperature dependent bandgap coefficient, a spectrum analyzers for providing a histogram of intensity for a selected range of wavelengths of light from said light source which light has impinged upon and interacted with said sensor, a band gap edge wavelength identifier means including means to select the wavelength of a point in said histogram which point is an indicator of the band gap edge of said sensor,
THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING said means to select the wavelength of a point in said histogram includes means to determine the point of inflection in the said histogram near said band gap edge.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein the means to determine the said point of inflection includes a means to determine the wavelength at the point in said histogram where the rate of change of intensity as a function of change in wavelength (ΔI/Δλ) is maximum.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein said means to determine the wavelength where ΔI/Δλ is maximum is a computer executing a program using the Savitsky Golay algorithm on said histogram.
This invention relates to thermometry and to methods and devices for remotely determining the temperature of a substrate with particular application to molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), rapid thermal processing (RTP) and etch.
Fabrication of semiconductors requires monitoring and controlling temperature during process steps. Sensitivity and accuracy over a wide temperature range (e.g. room temperature to approximately 1000� C.) is important. Speed with which real time corrective response is provided is additionally required. Thermocouples, optical pyrometers and fluorescent techniques are well known and their limitations are well documented. Thermo-couples are inaccurate in non-contact mode particularly in vacuum environment. Pyrometry methods rely on knowledge of surface emissivity which is generally varying during the semiconductor process applications. It may be impossible to use pyrometry at low temperatures when semiconductor substrates are transparent to emission from a heater. Fluorescence is not generally suitable for measurements above 450� C., particularly in those combinations employing combustible binders.
It is also known in contact type measurements to determine temperature using a material which exhibits a light absorption characteristic which is a function of temperature. U.S. Pat. No. 4,669,872 discloses the use of GaAs as a material having an absorption characteristic which is useful in temperature determining applications. That patent discloses an attempt to calculate the wavelength at the GaAs absorption band edge and uses the known correlation between the band edge wavelength to substrate temperature. U.S. Pat. No. 4,790,669 also uses GaAs as a temperature determining element and attempts to determine a reference wavelength value by measuring the wavelengths at 1/2 peak intensity and using an algorithm to establish the temperature. It is also known in molecular beam epitaxy of layers onto GaAs substrates to use the known band edge absorption characteristic of GaAs in an attempt to determine the temperature of the substrate during the layering process. See Hellman, et al., Infra-Red Transmission Spectroscopy of GaAs During Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Journal of Crystal Growth, v. 81 (1987) pp. 38-42. This prior art technique as depicted by the Hellman article is not amenable to commercial application as stated by Hellman because of its slowness, complexity and because its absolute accuracy was quite poor (�10� C.). The Hellman technique is also unfavorable because it would be difficult to apply to doped substrates, requires accurate knowledge of the precise thickness of the substrates and is affected by presence of thin films on the substrate and windows which can interfere and mask the true temperature measurement.
Our invention provides a highly accurate, repeatable, real time substrate temperature measuring apparatus and technique with particular benefits in conjunction with molecular beam epitaxy and other processing techniques which use radiation heating of wafers by providing a means for establishing the wavelength corresponding to the point of inflection in the wavelength vs. transmission intensity histograph.
FIG. 1. Block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2. Block diagram of a further embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3. Graph showing experimentally measured wavelength of inflection point as a function of GaAs temperature.
FIG. 4. Graph showing dI/dλ vs. λ for various temperatures for silicon.
FIG. 5. Histograph (dashed curve) of intensity(I) vs. wavelength (λ) and an overlaying plot (solid curve) of dI/dλ for GaAs substrate installed in MBE machine.
FIG. 6. Histograph (dashed curve) of I vs. λ and overlay (solid curve) of dI/dλ vs. λ for layer of In0.2 Ga0.8 As/GaAs.
FIG. 7. Histograph (dashed curve) of I vs. λ and overlay (solid curve) of dI/dλ vs. λ for a layer of Al0.35 Ga0.65 As/GaAs.
FIG. 8. Flow diagram for point of inflection determination.
FIG. 9. Schematic of thermocouple recalibration circuit.
FIG. 10. Functional diagram of reflection embodiment of a portion of the invention.
Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) has become increasingly important because of its abilities to control the growth of layers at the monolayer level. As these requirements for control intensify, the need to measure and control temperature of a wafer have become more demanding. Although infra-red transmission spectroscopy has been employed in MBE for temperature measurements as described in the Hellman, et al. article referenced above, the technique there described was inaccurate, slow and generally unsuitable for commercial MBE temperature control.
In the earlier Hellman approach and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,669,872, attempts using the band gap characteristic, were made to determine the wavelength at the exact band gap edge by measuring the band gap of the temperature sensitive material at high temperatures and comparing the band gap to that band gap determined at room temperatures. Temperature of the device is then determined by calculation using a published equation or an extrapolation relating band gap to temperature for the particular material. There are many sources of error in determining the band gap edge on a wafer while it is installed in the MBE machine. The black body radiation from the heated wafer will seriously degrade the measurement even if attempts are made to compensate for this interference. Since the wafer temperature is not accurately known, the compensation must necessarily be erroneous. Also, the instability of the heater current, the layer thickness change occurring during temperature measurement, the variations in wafer thicknesses, the collection angle of light, possible window deposition, difference in doping from wafer to wafer, roughness of the surface and reflectivity are each parameters which induce errors in the transmitted intensity measurements upon which the prior art determination depended. U.S. Pat. No. 4,790,669, discloses another method which employs a scheme which employs and relies on the accuracy of intensity measurements to attempt to establish a point in the histograph which can be correlated to temperature. Because of all of the above mentioned factors, process chamber intensity measurements are subject to many effects which induce errors in the measurements.
We have discovered that it was very difficult and unnecessary to determine the wavelength of the absorption edge in the histograph of transmission intensity vs. wavelength. Our invention is based upon our discovery that the wavelength of the point of inflection in the region of the band gap edge in the histograph of intensity of transmitted optical radiation vs. wavelength is accurately correlatable to temperature and is insensitive to the parameters which have degraded prior art approaches. The importance of this discovery is due to the fact that we have also been able to successfully implement a quick and very accurate technique for accurately and repeatably determining the wavelength with precision at the point of inflection in the region of the band gap edge.
This invention is applicable to any material exhibiting an optical band gap which has a width which is temperature dependent. Generally, this includes all materials other than metals and specifically includes semiconductors and insulators. Throughout this application whenever we refer to a "substrate" we mean such a material having a temperature dependent band gap.
For purposes of this discussion, the term "optical radiation" means ultraviolet, or visible, or near-IR radiation on the order of 0.2-10 μm in wavelength.
With reference to FIG. 5, trace A is the histograph of intensity (I) vs. wavelength (λ) from a spectrometer analyzing the near-IR transmitted radiation through a GaAs wafer mounted in an MBE process chamber. The optical radiation source was a heater plate mounted proximate to the wafer such that the radiation passes through the wafer and is received by a remotely located detector. The second curve, trace B, on FIG. 5, represents dI/dλ vs. λ for the same data represented in line trace A. This second curve is obtained after applying standard data smoothing techniques to the original data using a well known variable point algorithm called the Savitsky-Golay algorithm (Analytical Chemistry, V. 36, p. 1627 (1964)). The maximum in curve B, point B-1, corresponds to the point of inflection, A-1, in curve A.
With reference to FIG. 3, we show empirical data which we have determined for GaAs which relates the wavelength of the point of inflection from the histograph of intensity of transmitted radiation to temperature from 300� C. to over 700� C. We have determined that we can accurately and rapidly make temperature determinations of wafers in an MBE machine using our invention to a precision of �1� C. across this entire temperature range. Because of the fact that our scheme depends on the wavelength at the peak in the dI/dλ curve, our technique is not dependent on absolute intensity or upon any slow time dependent changes in intensity. Accordingly, the apparatus and method of our invention avoids the errors brought about by all of those factors which impact intensity mentioned above and which result in the inaccuracy in all of the prior art techniques. FIG. 4 is also a plot of empirical data but FIG. 4 shows for different values of temperature, the curves of the derivation of intensity as a function of wavelength (dI/dλ) for silicon. This plot shows that our invention is also applicable to indirect band gap materials such as silicon, as well as to direct band gap materials, such as GaAs.
The preferred embodiment of our invention is described in conjunction with FIG. 1. The process chamber 5 is shown containing a heater coil 3 for heating a radiator plate 4, which plate uniformly heats the wafer, substrate 1, upon which a layer 2 is being grown. The spectrum of the radiator overlaps the band gap edge of the substrate 1 and may also overlay the band gap of layer 2 such that the transmitted light beam enters into the wafer 1, passes through layer 2 and wafer 1 and exits through the port 6 and window 19 where it is picked up by a fiber optic after passing through and focused by lens 7 and is taken to spectrometer 9 where the spectrum is analyzed under the control of computer 10. The spectrometer may comprise a motor-driven, traditional diffraction grating and a detector made from an appropriate material. In some cases, to improve signal-to-noise, it may be desireable to add a mechanical light chopper, (e.g. 100-300 Hz) in the spectrometer and use lock-in amplification of the photodetector signal. The spectrometer alternatively could comprise a diffraction member such as a prism or diffraction grating in conjunction with a germanium or indium gallium arsenide photodiode array detector.
In the preferred embodiment of FIG. 1, the spectrometer supplies the output spectrum histograph on line 14 to the computer where the point of inflection in the region of the band gap edge is ascertained along with the corresponding substrate temperature by comparison to a computer look-up table. The flow diagram for the algorithm to determine the point of inflection is shown in FIG. 8. This determined temperature is compared to the selected temperature profile 11 (e.g. a constant temperature or a time dependant temperature) which has been input by the user to the computer. The computer is capable of comparing desired temperature profile to the measured temperature profile and issues commands on line 12 to the heater power supply controller 15 to control heater coil current in wires 16. A thermocouple 17 is also provided which is wired via lead 13 to the computer 10 to serve as a back-up temperature monitor in the event of malfunction.
Our test data shows that our inventive method and physical equipment is insensitive to wafer changes such as different wafer thickness (such as fluctuations between standard wafers from different sources), doping levels, patterns on the wafer, dielectric cap layers, or implantation layers.
There is no theoretical reason why our invention would not be useful up to the melting point of the material being examined. Although use of a pyrometric heater as a source of radiation below approximately 300� C. may be difficult to use in our method because of the low intensity of its near-IR emission, the technique can be employed at lower temperatures by providing a beam from an independent light source such as broad band tungsten filament lamp source. This in fact was how the data in FIG. 6 was obtained.
In reference to FIG. 2, another temperature control embodiment is shown in use in an MBE process chamber. In this embodiment optical radiation passes through the wafer 1' and layer 2' and is deflected by a rotatable mirror 21' to a side port 24' through an optical lens 7' into a optical fiber 8' and is then introduced into the spectrometer 9'. In this embodiment the spectrometer contains a scanning diffraction grating and germanium IR detector 25' which outputs its signal to the inflection point detector 10' which determines the inflection point near the band edge and compares the indicated temperature to the operator's selected temperature profile input 28'. In this embodiment, the thermocouple 17' is connected to heater controller 26'. Heater controller 26' is responsive to both the thermocouple 17' for very high speed temperature corrections and to slower calibration inputs on line 12' from the inflection point detector 10'. This FIG. 2 embodiment enables the heater controller 26' to be responsive to the thermocouple 17' on a very short time constant basis, as like 5 milliseconds. However, the inflection point detector and computer 10' can provide comparison between the transmitted near-IR and the temperature selector profile approximately every 20 seconds. This permits use of the near-IR transmission technique to recalibrate the heater controller every 20 seconds or so and during the remaining time for the controller to be quickly responsive to thermocouple 17'. This technique also permits the use of the lower cost scanned monochrometer, even though its inherent delay might otherwise be unsatisfactory for highly demanding semiconductor processing applications. We have also demonstrated the use of a self scanned 128 element germanium diode array which quickly completes the spectrum accumulation and analysis, i.e. on the order of 100 milliseconds, and may permit the elimination of the thermocouple control circuit and the motor driven diffraction grating in certain applications.
With attention to FIGS. 6 and 7, we have plotted data demonstrating the utility of our invention on a 500μ thick GaAs wafers upon which a 1μ overlayer of In0.2 Ga0.8 As and Al0.35 Ga0.65 As, respectively was grown in an MBE machine. A key benefit of our invention is the ability to accurately measure substrate temperature during growth of a thin film irrespective of whether the films absorb near-IR radiation. Deposition of GaAs or As film on windows also does not prevent us from carrying out our method. The attenuation of such films and/or optical interference effects to which they give rise alters the transmitted radiation intensity so that one would not know with the prior art methods whether the wafer had changed temperature or whether the overlaying material had changed thickness. When our inflection point approach is employed, the temperature is determined without interference from intensity varying parameters. Our apparatus will work adequately if the system is simply supplied with sufficient transmitted energy to be able to determine wavelength at the inflection point.
In cases where the film on the surface of the substrate is so highly absorbing that little or no light is transmitted, an alternate approach can be used in which one detects the light reflected back from the film/substrate interface as depicted in FIG. 10. In effect, heating coil 42 and radiator 40 produces the light rays 52' which are reflected from interface 54 after the rays have transmitted through a path of twice the thickness of substrate 5. The reflected radiation from this film/substrate interface can be directed to a collecting lens 41 for focusing rays 53 on the fiber optic 42 for transmitting to the spectometer. The reflected rays in this instance will also have a histograph which exhibits the band gap absorption wavelength function characteristic of the substrate material.
Other techniques can be used to determined the inflection point, such as the zero crossing point of the second derivative, d2 I/dλ2. Some advantages can be obtained in using the second derivative if the spectrum of the original data has a low noise content. In such cases, the control loop of the temperature controller might be simplified by seeking a minimum.
With reference to FIG. 8, the flow diagram for the determination of the point of inflection is depicted. The intensity data is collected as depicted in block 61 by causing the spectrometer to collect transmission intensity (Ti) vs. wavelength (λ) histograph in small steps, Δλ, then the data file is stored. Next, solve for the inflection point wavelength λ, using the Savitsky-Golay algorithm and testing for maximum of dI/dλ as depicted in decision point 65.
This computation is started in the inner loop at 72 after initializing MAX=φ and inflection point=λ1. Each value of dI/dλ is calculated in box 64 for each value of N and compared to MAX as shown or decision point 65. If dI/dλ is greater than MAX, the command at 66 causes a new value of MAX to be set up equal to dI/dλ/λ=λi and the inflection point is set equal to λi. When all data has been examined, the decision block 74 will indicate i>N and the loop will output a command, 78 to block 67 to compute temperature from the inflection point λi from look up tables or calibration curves.
If dI/dλi is not maximum, send control 76 to restart the loop at 72.
The result of box 67 is output as the substrate temperature indicator and if the system is still on, the decision point 69 sends the command to scan the spectrometer back to the beginning (or reverse scan) as depicted in block 70, and then restarts the program with the command 83 to restart.
With reference to FIG. 9, the circuit for controlling the processing chamber temperature is disclosed. The signal from the thermocouple 17 is fed to both the computer 10 and to a differential amplifier 30 having appropriate impedance so as not to load the thermocouple. The output of the differential amplifier 30 is sent to a set point comparator 31 where it is compared to a reference voltage. In this instance, the reference voltage is provided from a sample and hold circuit 36 which is periodically updated from computer 10 via a digital to analog converter 37. Whenever the computer senses that the selected temperature profile differs from the actual measured temperature profile based on the inflection point determined temperature, a voltage difference appears at the input to comparator 31 which comparator generates an output signal of the amplitude and sense to cause the driver 32 to control the silicon controlled rectifier pack 31 and vary the ac power from the transformer 35 to the excitation heater coils 3 in the process chamber 5.
Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature of our invention, what we claim is as follows.
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Villanova head coach Tom Carlin announced that Mike Montross has been named an assistant coach to fill the void left by the departure of former associate head coach Zach Thornton to the D.C. United.
Two Villanova Wildcats were among those honored when the BIG EAST announced its post-season awards. Senior Aaron Dennis was named second team All-BIG EAST while goalkeeper Will Steiner was named to the All-Rookie unit.
A high-scoring first half determined the contest as No. 23 Providence came from behind and registered a 2-1 victory over the visiting Villanova Wildcats on Tuesday night in Rhode Island in the quarterfinals of the BIG EAST Tournament.
The Villanova Wildcats have been in playoff mode for most of the last two months after a slow start. On Tuesday night, the new season begins in earnest as the Wildcats meet No. 4 seed Providence.
The bracket for the 2014 BIG EAST Men's Soccer Championship is now set. Villanova is the No. 5 seed and meets fourth seed Providence Tuesday evening at 7 p.m.
Villanova knew that it would be the No. 5 seed in next week's BIG EAST Tournament regardless of Friday's outcome. Yet the Wildcats were able to press the Hoyas all day before a late Georgetown goal gave GU the win.
Villanova will say farewell to Colton Bryant, Aaron Dennis, Hayden Harr, J.T. Maurer, Oscar Umar, Matt Wiltse and Andrew Weakly in pre-game ceremonies prior to Friday's match.
Xavier has been one of the BIG EAST's hottest teams over the last five weeks and it grabbed a 1-0 lead over Villanova in the sixth minute. The Wildcats pushed to draw even but were unable to do so.


text: Frequently Asked Questions 1. What makes CAMPWISE different from other camp management software packages? 2. Do we have to sign a multiple year contract if we choose to purchase CAMPWISE? 3. Is CAMPWISE a web-based software or is it installed on our own servers? 4. Creating reports is a very important issue to us. How does reporting work in CAMPWISE? 5. Can I convert my current data into CAMPWISE? Is there a charge for this? 6. Our camp tracks certain data that other camps might not need. How does CAMPWISE allow for that? 7. Does CAMPWISE link to our current accounting software package? 8. How much training do we get with the software? 9. How is the training provided? 10. How do software upgrades work? Do we have to pay for the upgrades? 11. Is there a limit to the amount of support we receive under the maintenance and support subscription? 12. Why is CAMPWISE sold in packages instead of individual modules? What happens if I don't use some of the modules? 13. Is there a limit to the number of users that can use CAMPWISE? Do I have to pay per user? 14. How does your online registration pricing work? What is the cost per registration? 15. We operate a conference center but do not operate a summer camp. Can we use purchase just the conference/retreats portion of CAMPWISE? 16. Can CAMPWISE process credit card payments in real-time? Are there extra fees for that? 17. Can we accept e-checks as well as credit card?


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Is Beyonce trying to make us jealous? Gorgeous hair, adorable dress, perfect accessories and a dinner date with her man…IN PARIS. And not just any man, of course – her hubby is Jay-Z. It's too much! She's too perfect! Her life is too great! The singer just shot a new music video with Water for Elephants director Francis Lawrence – perhaps this is how famous people celebrate such accomplishments? We normally got nuts on unlimited Olive Garden bread sticks when we have a big moment at work, but hey – we're also wearing H&M today, accessorized by some serious hair frizz. There can only be one Queen B, mais non?
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Last week we posted an article to our Facebook page from the Washington Post entitled "We don't need more STEM majors. We need more STEM majors with liberal arts training".
Reading this got me to thinking and a bit of reminiscing about my own education. Long before STEM meant science technology engineering and math I was a STEM major. I received my undergraduate degree from the University of Illinois in 1972 from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. That is, I was a STEM major who received a liberal arts education. The replacement of the word "education" for "training" is intentional on my part as I value education far beyond training but I digress. I focused on science to the greatest degree possible with a biology major and a chemistry/physics minor. But as a student in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences I was required to complete requirements which were satisfied by sequences in social sciences, humanities, foreign language, and rhetoric. I remember these experiences to varying degrees. Some are fond memories, some seemed more like torture. Collectively, however, I look back on these courses as a great well rounded and very rewarding educational experience. I do have every confidence that I benefited greatly from my non-STEM courses and they helped me with the skills and the experience to better communicate as a scientist and the non-scientific responsibilities I also had as a faculty member.
The Alden March Bioethics Institute offers a Master of Science in Bioethics, a Doctorate of Professional Studies in Bioethics, and Graduate Certificates in Clinical Ethics and Clinical Ethics Consultation. For more information on AMBI's online graduate programs, please visit our website.
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Mutizwa ton gives Eagles a firm startMonday, 12 December 2011 11:17 Published in Match Reports
Castle Logan Cup day 1 played at Harare Sports Club: Overnight: Mashonaland Eagles 335 v Southern Rocks
Another fine century from Forster Mutizwa of Mashonaland Eagles, well backed by Regis Chakabva, dominated the first day's play at Harare Sports Club in the match against Southern Rocks.
Chibhabha leads victory over EaglesSaturday, 10 December 2011 13:14 Published in Match Reports
Result: Mashonaland Eagles (178) lost to Southern Rocks (166/6) by 11 runs (Duckworth-Lewis).
This was a tight match on a rather uncooperative pitch where fine innings by Chamu Chibhabha and Tendai Chisoro proved the vital factor for Southern Rocks, who won by Duckworth-Lewis calculations in bad light at about ten minutes to six.
Zim Under-14 off to South AfricaFriday, 09 December 2011 12:11 Published in News
The national under-14 boys' team will be travelling to South Africa to take part in the Standard Bank Under -13 Cricket Week in East London. A squad of 13 players will leave Harare on Saturday the 10th of December for the annual tournament which runs from the 11th to the 15th of December 2011.
Mash Eagles under-13 take top honoursThursday, 08 December 2011 07:48 Published in News
Mashonaland Eagles under-13 team continued their reign as the top under-13 team at the Banc ABC under-13 cricket week. The Eagles were once again named the Team of the tournament on the final day of the four day tournament with a 99 run victory against their rivals the Mountaineers on Thursday.


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Spring 2014 Course Descriptions
EIU 4192 Film and Contemporary Society (Honors EIU Senior Seminar)
EIU 4192G Section 099 CRN 37328
Film and Contemporary Society [Honors EIU Senior Seminar] 1530-1850 R
Film represents the most popular—and probably the most powerful—art form of our own time. We will watch, study, and discuss a variety of movies throughout the semester as we explore the history, aesthetics, and critical theory which inform the movies. Prerequisites: Admission to the University Honors Program and permission of the Director of Honors Program.
Requirements: class participation, several short papers, one substantial research paper.
Note: This University Senior Seminar does not fulfill the English Honors Senior Seminar requirement, English 4300/4390.


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Family Profile: Christmas Connection
Updated: 11/28/2005 - This is the first of 10 Christmas Connection families that will be featured on WCTV this year.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - This is the first of 10 Christmas Connection families that will be featured on WCTV this year.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - The Christmas Connection, which makes the holidays brighter for more than 800 families in the Big Bend each year, is now open and accepting donations.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - Floridians could be unknowingly breaking the law by failing to pay sales tax on their Internet purchases.
Posted: 11/28/2005 - The state mandated class size amendment has been implemented in all Florida schools, reducing classes from 30 or more students to roughly 25 or less.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - Gadsden County school officials have been fighting negative stigma about failing schools, and they've just received word the district has the worst graduation rate in the state.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - They're calling it the biggest honor of their young musical careers. Six Thomas County Band students are selected for an elite group.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - Tips for keeping pets safe when using heat lamps.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - Monday visitors to the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington were startled when chunks of marble fell from the building.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - The Azalea City is looking to add an economic development coordinator to help increase the number of new retail businesses.
Posted: 11/28/2005 - Florida lawmakers will gather in Tallahassee next Monday for a special session of the state Legislature.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - There's no doubt that GMC continues to grow, and now there will be no more wondering where they'll fit all these classes.
Updated: 11/28/2005 - Here is an in depth look at drinking on college campuses in our area and what is being done to curb the problem.
Updated: 11/27/2005 - Robbers strike a Tallahassee convenience store Sunday morning, and police are searching for the suspect.
Updated: 11/27/2005 - Move over Hollywood. Tallahassee is the place to shoot a movie for some up and coming young film makers.
Updated: 11/27/2005 - These days shopping goes hand in hand with the holidays, but does the shopping stress people out, or is it a fun part of the holidays?
Updated: 11/27/2005 - Thanksgiving leftovers can make you sick if you keep them too long.
Updated: 11/27/2005 - An early morning shooting leaves one teen in the hospital and police searching for a suspect.
Updated: 11/27/2005 - The recent drop in gas prices has been a welcomed relief to drivers throughout our area, but Georgia drivers will soon see a temporary hike in prices at the pump.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - If you thought musical instruments were just for playing music, you may change your mind when you take a look at these custom made beauties.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - College football fans in Florida had their eyes on the big rivalry football game between the Seminoles and the Gators, but it's not the only competition settled between the two schools this weekend.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - Thanksgiving has come and gone, and this is the weekend when many people start decorating their homes for the holidays, particularly with a Christmas tree.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - They roamed the earth thousands of years ago, but you can still catch a glimpse of the prehistoric creatures as they visit Florida's capital city.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - Beat the crowds and avoid parking lot gridlock by stopping by a few yard sales.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - The LeMoyne Art Foundation kicks off it s 41st Annual Holiday Show and Sale.
Updated: 11/26/2005 - An investigation continues in the police shooting death of a suspect.


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Hotly-contested waterpark resort project for waterfront is just what Port Clinton needs, officials insist
Fishermen take in the cool Lake Erie breeze while hoping to get a nibble off the Jefferson Street Pier.
Shoppers walk along downtown Port Clinton looking for deals among scattered storefronts.
For better or worse, a marina district project could change the landscape of downtown Port Clinton.
Puller Group, an Indianapolis-based developer, plans to build a waterpark, convention center and hotel at Water Works Park.
"We proposed that because the waterpark will bring people to the area. The hotel naturally is for the convention center and waterpark. The whole project is a combination. You need all the parts to make it work," said CEO and President Ken Puller Sr. "It'll bring business into Port Clinton and bring enough business for us to survive."
"What we found is that mixed use of that land (Water Works Park) is more valuable than a marina alone," said Port Clinton Mayor Tom Brown. "We now have another piece to go with that and that is the waterpark, convention center and hotel. It's more bang for your buck. If we want to draw people to Port Clinton as a destination, we need a diversification of businesses."
According to a report published by Fifth Third Securities Exchange, a Cleveland investment banking group specializing in economic development, Puller Group's project would cost about $99 million and create at least 350 permanent jobs.
The project could generate $7 million from Tax Increment Financing, which means any improvements to Water Works Park would generate taxable income for the city. The city would get 11 percent of $7 million, which works out to $800,000 a year.
Since Port Clinton Council chose Puller Group as the developer in January, the decision has been met with resistance from some city residents.
Last month, council approved a zoning change to allow development at Water Works Park and began negotiations with Puller Group last week. Citizens Organized for Responsible Development, a local grassroots organization, is circulating a petition to place the zoning change on the November ballot.
If the group is successful, the council would have to stop its negotiations with Puller Group.
Fifth Third report
In May, council reviewed the Fifth Third report, which evaluated the proposals by Puller Group and Stonehenge, a developer from Gahanna, Ohio. In the report, Chris Johnson, vice president of Fifth Third Securities Exchange, discussed the weaknesses and strengths of each developer.
"While both of the developer's proposals have merit, our review is that the Stonehenge proposal works best for the long-term goals, as we understand them in the city of Port Clinton," Johnson said in the report.
"I think the Fifth Third report somewhat disappointed me," Brown said. "We didn't ask them to choose a developer."
"Every time we get experts to give us an opinion, we totally disregard it," said Councilman Jeff Morgan, who voted for Stonehenge. "If you look at what the Fifth Third report did, they did exactly what we wanted."
Morgan said the Puller Group project did not match the city's Request for Proposals, which were sent out to 176 companies in July 2006.
According to the report, the city would be better suited for a "long-term approach to the overall well-being of the community's tax base."
Puller Group plans to complete the project -- planning and construction -- within 18-24 months while Stonehenge had plans for 315 condominiums, built over a 10-year period, Morgan said.
"Why would you choose a short-term fix? It's like putting a tourniquet on the wound and then going to the hospital," Morgan said. "Stonehenge is like the hospital. It fixes it completely."
Declining population, economy
While a long-term solution fits with the needs for Port Clinton, the city might not have the luxury of time.
Stan Odesky Associates, of Toledo, conducted a survey of the population in 2005 and determined the city is aging and does not have enough young people to balance it out.
Citizens aged 55 and older make up about 58 percent of the population while citizens 18-35 years old consist of about 5 percent of the population.
When citizens reach retirement age, the city takes a hit since retirement income is not taxable, said Councilman John Folger, who voted for Puller Group.
"We've only got a tiny percent of young people getting started in the business world," Folger said. "The city's revenue for income tax is decreasing dramatically. We're not growing. We're shrinking."
"Port Clinton is losing people, and they don't have the taxes for an up keep. There is no economy to speak of in Port Clinton," Puller said. "They need a shot in the arm, and this is the shot. I would like to see the downtown vibrant throughout the day and weekend. I want to keep people here in Port Clinton and rejuvenate the whole downtown area."


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2012 (Senior): Carroll sat out the 2012 season after transferring from UCLA.
2011 (UCLA): Carroll played in 12 games for UCLA, starting two games. On the season, he caught three passes for 34 yards with a 11.3 yards per catch.
2010 (UCLA): Carroll saw action in all 12 games with one start against Oregon State. He ranked fourth on the team with his 15 receptions and third in receiving yards with 242. His 16.1 yards per catch average led the team and tied for the team lead with two touchdown receptions. Carroll played but did not make a catch in the opener at Kansas State and had one rushing attempt against Stanford, for a three-yard gain. He played but did not make a reception in wins over Houston and at Texas but made two catches for 13 yards against Washington State. Carroll caught two passes for 38 yards at Oregon, with a long of 26 yards. He scored on a 68-yard catch-and-run against Arizona, UCLA's longest scoring pass play since the 2007 Oregon State contest, Carroll made three catches against the Wildcats for a team-high 90 yards and made a team-high six catches for 46 yards against Oregon State. He caught three passes for 26 yards on the game-winning field goal drive; his final reception saw him get out of bounds with one second remaining on the clock and set the stage for the deciding 51-yard boot by Kai Forbath.
2009 (UCLA): Carroll saw action in 10 games as a true freshman. He was on the field for 18 plays in the opener against San Diego State. He made his first reception for seven yards at Tennessee. Carroll made one catch for nine yards versus Oregon and had one rush for five yards at Oregon State. He made a brief appearance against Washington, but was hampered by a groin issue.
High School: Carroll lettered in football at Cathedral Preparatory HS in Los Angeles for coach Kevin Pearson. He was a first-team USA Today All-American, a PrepStar Dream Team selection (No. 14 prospect nationally), a SuperPrep All-American (No. 20 wide receiver) and No. 16 prospect in the Far West. Carroll ranked No. 39 nationally among all players by rivals.com, No. 29 in Athlon Consensus 100, No. 46 prospect and No. 5 receiver by ESPNU and the No. 4 "athlete" nationally by rivals.com, No. 5 prospect in California by rivals.com, No. 13 receiver nationally and No. 3 in the West by scout.com, No. 15 receiver by Tom Lemming and earned four stars from scout.com and rivals.com. Carroll played in the U.S. Army All-America Bowl and was selected to the Tacoma News-Tribune Western 100 and Long Beach Press-Telegram Best in the West selection, while being named All-State Division III first team by MaxPreps, a CalHiSports.com All-State second-team pick and Medium schools first team. As a senior, he totaled 31 catches for 564 yards and four touchdowns, while carrying the ball 73 times for 543 rushing yards and two scores.
|Englewood, Calif.
|High School:
|Cathederal HS
|Other College:


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:: Forum >> Version 1 >>
Disabling sort screws up column resizing
I disabled the sort on my grid by doing this:
obj.getTemplate("top/item").setEvent("onmousedown", null);
But now when I resize a column, only the header is resized, not the data.
How do I disable sorting without screwing up column resizing?
Jason Brady
Monday, August 1, 2005
This topic is archived.
Back to support forum
Forum search


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Intel i7-3770K @4.2Ghz, Cooler Master 212 Evo, 8 Gb Corsair Vengeance RAM, Asus P8Z77-V Pro, Asus GTX770/2Gb, Cooler Master 700 Watt PSU, Cooler Master HAF 922 Case LG 27" LED
Hey All,
OK so all I can say is WOW! These Pagani's are outstanding! Put me down for a Zonda F. The lineage from Lamborghini is obvious. I always liked the angular Lambo designs (like the Countach). I also always liked the fact that the Lambo car site links to Lamborghini tractors! Fast cars and tractors - the way to be! Anyway curvy cars are ugly - angular cars are COOL! The Pagani's have about the perfect balance and they are adequately fast! Finally a 2 seater I didn't know about worth driving when I'm not tooling around in my Nissan GTR!
My heroes have always been cowboys and they all carried guns-
and they all rode horses-that is all but one.
When he went to the rescue he flew a Cessna plane.
His ranch was called the "Flying Crown" and "Sky King" was his name. -Jim Dilly-
The rich man writes the book of laws that the poor man must defend, but the highest laws are written on the hearts of honest men. - Ricky Skaggs-
"Production is slated to commence later this year and pricing is expected to start at 1,000,000 ($1,368,800 / £867,030)."
"Illegitimum non carborundum".
Mobo: Gigabyte G-1 Sniper 3.
Chip: Intel i7 377K @ 4.6Ghz.
RAM: G.Skill 32GB DDR3 PC17000 RipjawsZ
Graphics: 2xGigabyte GTX690 4GB GDDR5 in SLI + BenQ XL2730Z 27inch LED 144Hz FreeSync Gaming Monitor 2560x1440
Drives: 2xSamsung 850 EVO 500GB SSD+ 2xSamsung 850 EVO 1TB SSD + LaCie d2 Blu-ray.
Case: Cooler Master Cosmos II.
PSU: Corsair AX-1200 1200W ATX 100% Modular.
Cooling: Corsair Hydro Series H100.
OS: Win 7 Ultimate 64
And I thought plastic models were getting expensive!


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Sunday, June 29, 2014
License sales for 2014-2015 hunting and fishing licenses begin on June 18.
You may buy South Carolina hunting and fishing licenses multiple ways. Licenses are available in person at any of the four regional S.C. Department of Natural Resources (DNR) offices or by visiting one of the 500 license vendors across the state. Licenses are also available 24 hours a day, seven days a week by calling 1-866-714-3611 or by visiting the DNR website at www.dnr.sc.gov/purchase.
Having your state issued identification ready and a current hunting/fishing license that displays your customer identification number will speed your purchase.
Residents and non-residents age 16 and older must purchase the required licenses to hunt and fish in South Carolina. Persons born after June 30, 1979, must have successfully completed a hunter education course prior to obtain a hunting license. Find a course near your or complete hunter education online.
Hunting license applicants who do not have a hunter education certification may use a one-time exemption and apply for an annual Apprentice Hunting License. The apprentice hunter must be accompanied by a South Carolina licensed hunter who is not licensed as an apprentice hunter, is at least 21 years of age, has not been convicted of a hunting or hunter education violation or received deferred adjudication of the same, and stays within a distance that enables uninterrupted, unaided, visual and oral communication with the apprentice hunter and provides adequate direction to the apprentice.
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Michael Gove: "I don't want to be prime minister. I couldn't do it."
Says he'll sign a parchment in his own blood to prove it.
Says he'll sign a parchment in his own blood to prove it.
by Caroline Crampton Published
Michael Gove. Photograph: Getty Images
We had a "quote of the day" already this morning, but I think in light of comments Michael Gove has just made to Kay Burley on Sky, we might have to retract it. The education secretary said ""I don't want to prime minister - I know that I couldn't do it" and then followed it up with this gem:
Gove says he'll sign a piece of parchment in his blood to prove he doesn't want to be PM.
— politicshomeuk (@politicshomeuk) August 23, 2012
Strange, certainly, but Boris might just hold him to it...


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Cristatella mucedo is found in North America, the British Isles, Europe and Asia.
It prefers still or slowly-moving waters but is otherwise broadly tolerant.
Cristatella mucedo colonies have been found in recently-formed gravel pits through to well-established sites (Okamura 1997) and from oligotrophic to eutrophic conditions.
Colonies are found attached to a range of natural and artificial substrata where they are protected from sedimentation – such as undersides or vertical faces.
Natural substrata include
Artificial substrata include


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27 Aug 20145 Comments
What's next for the (rapidly growing) global disabled people's movement?
Last week I headed off to the Kennington Tandoori for one of those enjoyable food-fuelled brainstorms that seem to happen during the summer lull. This one was with two disability campaigners – Mosharraf Hossain (right) and Tim Wainwright of ADD International. ADD is doing... Read More


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Hello all
I lost my son this year baby Ethan on feb 19th 2012 due to placenta abruption which led to preeclampsia and Hypertension for 8 weeks.
My partner and I are devastated which all parents are, i met my partner 15 months ago and were so in love, but I think time is against
us, my partner is 45 and Im 38 years old, I never wanted children before until now, so the loss of Ethan is massive.
has anyone had another baby after an abruption, I got the preeclampsia after he was born, two days after c section delivery.
I have never smoked and my last drink was June last year which was one glass of wine, never been a drinker, since the abruption and preeclampsia my liver function has took a while also to recover.
I want another baby but at present but I`m very anxious due to my loss, I had the placental abruption from 26 weeks until he was born at 32 + 4 days,
the bleed at the side of my placenta was 11cm across, and I`ve had all tests to see what the rational was behind it, but the consultants said it just
one of those things and there`s no answer for it.
I am fit for my age, well least that`s what I thought, Im a medical professional myself which I don`t think really help me seeing my blood pressure really high
and my blood results all over the place, I suppose i`m thankful my platelets in my blood went up 980 instead of down so I didn`t get hellp syndrome.
My consultant went on holiday the morning my son passed away, and she`ll look after me when I decide to get pregnant again, hopefully sooner rather than later.
I would love your advice and stories of success and pregnancies after Placenta Abruptions and PE,and how you cope carrying baby after you lose a precious gift.
thank you very much


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Modern Del Mar's flat-weave all-weather wicker imparts rich texture.
Show product details...
To clean furniture, spray off any dirt or debris with a hose. For tougher stains, use our Outdoor Furniture Cleaner. If exposed to harsh sunlight or the elements, resin wicker will fade over time. We recommend that you protect all resin wicker and prolong its life with our custom-fit outdoor furniture covers when not in use.
See all product details.
© 2015 RH and Restoration Hardware, Inc.


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Our customers or prospective customers often ask us how we do a performance audit (it's our most popular service). I thought I should write a blog post that will both answer their question, so I can just reply "read all about it at this URL" and share our methodology with readers a little bit. This […]
Search Results for: sphinx sort results
What would make MySQL Multiple Queries Usable ?
MySQL Has API to run Multiple Queries at once. This feature was designed mainly with saving network round trip in mind and got a little traction due to associated security risks and not significant gains in most cases. What would make MySQL Multiple Queries API more usable ?
Should MySQL Extend GROUP BY Syntax ?
Jan has a good article about finding the row matching some value in the group: This is one illustration of group by limitations in SQL language which is not offset by any MySQL specific extensions,yet As you can see if you want to get one row from the group which is sorted some way you […]
FaceBook Search, Search for social networks
Yesterday I ran into the article which sheds some light on FaceBook search implementation. As we're recently a lot into search having implemented a bunch of search projects ourselves and helped number a of customers with their full text search needs I decided to post my thoughts on this matter. First I was surprised article […]
MySQL Consulting – Being on your own
About half a year have passed since me and Vadim have left MySQL to do MySQL Consulting on our own. Bunch of people have been wondering about our experiences so I thought it would be worth to share it here.


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Ricky Tillman is in his second stint as baseball coach at Porter-Gaud , and the sequel is starting to seem familiar.
Tillman was the founding father of the baseball program back in 1992 and built the Cyclones from scratch, leading the team to a Palmetto Athletic Conference state championship in 1995. The PAC was a group of private schools. Many of those schools changed affiliation to SCISA, including Porter-Gaud.
The school joined SCISA in 1996, and Tillman's teams were consistently in the hunt for region championships.
Tillman's first stint ended in 2002 and he returned in '10. He's built the program back to its championship-caliber level. The team went 16-7 last year and is 8-2 this spring.
Coaching is not the only reason for success. Tillman has players who are committed to play baseball almost year-round in attempt to make the high school season successful.
"When I returned in 2010, I asked the players how many of them played during the summer," Tillman said. "Only one player, Nick Windham, raised his hand. He was the only player who played travel ball.
"At the beginning of this season, I asked the same question," Tillman added. "Seven or eight players raised their hands. The kids realize that you can't play your last game in May and not pick up a baseball glove until January."
Windham, who plays outfield and pitches, is the only senior on the team. He leads the Cyclones in batting average (.536), doubles (five), stolen bases (five) and is tied for the lead in RBIs (13).
Edward Nelson, an infielder and pitcher, is the only junior on the roster. He's the workhorse of the staff, pitching 192/3 innings.
The rest of the players are either sophomores or juniors, although eighth-grader Moravia Johnson joined the team this week.
Sophomore pitcher Bo Harrell shows promise. He leads the team with a 3-1 record and 19 strikeouts. His father, Jimmy, was a two-sport star at Summerville and played football and baseball at the University of Georgia.
A.J. Sessions, another promising sophomore who plays outfield and first base, is second on the team with a .471 batting average. Classmate Harrison Frickman, the team's catcher, is batting .393. Freshman outfielder Matt Naumoff is hitting a robust .450.
"We were forced to play a lot of freshmen last year," Tillman said. "They learned on the run. They kept getting better as they matured."
The team is hitting a collective .318 and has outscored foes 94-42.
But Tillman credits Tony Cadden, a longtime American Legion coach, and Mike Green for their work and perseverance as assistant coaches.
Tillman says work remains to be done. The Cyclones played in the prestigious Hanahan Invitational Tournament during Tillman's first stint. Now, he's contemplating on rejoining the field in the future.
"We will get better, Tillman said. "We need to play in the HIT or a comparable tournament. We're on schedule of building the program back up. We can't quit working, and we have to keep on winning."
Follow Philip M. Bowman on Twitter: @PandCPhil
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text: Kosuke Fukodome was released by Chicago. He hasn't done much of anything this year, but he was hurt for a bit. He's a lefty with a career .260/.366/.402 line against RHP and he owns an overall career OBP of .359. Is there room on the roster for him? He's 34 but fits the mold of what we've been looking for, at least as a stop gap until we can make any moves at the deadline.


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The disc-based version will be rather limited, with only 5,000 UMDs made available for the North American version. An additional 1,000 special edition discs will be sold exclusively on Bemanistyle and Amazon.com.
In conjunction with the release date news, PM also released a number of videos of the game which you can check out here.
In celebration for all DJMAX Fans a special contest will be held for the North American
release of DJMAX Portable 3.
Los Angeles, CA, September 9, 2010 - PM Studios, Inc., an innovative publisher of video
games for the mass market, today reveals the official release date and special bundle
edition for DJMAX Portable 3 for the PSP® system. DJMAX Portable 3 is next
installment of the popular rhythm game sensation and will be released in North America
for the UMD on October 14, 2010 and the PlayStation® Network on October 19, 2010.
To commemorate the launch of the third edition of the DJMAX Portable series, PM
Studios would like to announce the Special Bundle Edition (SBE) for DJMAX Portable
3. The Special Bundle Edition will be released on October 14, 2010 and will be
exclusive to Bemanistyle.com. The Special Edition will come with a special art book,
soundtrack, casing, and alternate coversheet.
Both the UMD and SBE will be available in extremely limited quantities. There are only
1000 SBE's and 5000 UMD's available for the North American version of DJMAX
Portable 3 making it truly a collector's item. PM Studios highly suggests preordering one
from either Bemanistyle or Amazon.com to ensure a copy upon release date. Preorders
will begin on September 9, 2010.
To accommodate the Special Bundle Edition, the North American version will have a
special contest for all SBE purchasers. PM Studios will be throwing a contest with
random vouchers in all packages. The prizes will vary in each package.
Grand Prize (5) Winners: Technika Championship Card (Only 30 Made), Technika
Platinum Crew Card (Only 30 Made), Technika Limited Edition Panda Card, DJMAX
Portable Black Square Limited Edition, DJMAX Trilogy Limited Edition, DJMAX Fever,
DJMAX Black Square and Clazziquai Edition Combo Pack, Technika Limited Edition
Soundtrack, Technika 2 Limited Edition Soundtrack.
First Tier (300) Winners: Free PSN Version of DJMAX Fever.
Second Tier (100) Winners: Free PSN Version of Strikers 1945 Plus.
Third Tier (20) Winners: Free Technika Championship Card
Third Tier (20) Winners: Free Technika Platinum Crew Card
Fourth Tier (50) Winners: Random Technika Card
For more information on the SBE, please visit http://www.bemanistyle.com/djmp3/
For more information, please visit www.pm-games.com and contact customer service.
- Key specs
- Reviews • 108
- Prices
- Discussions
- Game format Optical disc, Downloadable
- Screen size 4.3 inches
- Online features Multiplayer, Voice chat, Store, Browser
- Direction control D-pad, Thumb stick (1)
- Camera External (1.3 megapixels)
- Dimensions 71.4 x 169.4 x 18.6 in
- Weight 6.67 oz
- Discontinued 2008-10-15


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Ogden, Charles Kay
Born: Jun 01, 1889 AD
Died: 1957 AD, at 67 years of age.
1889 - Born on the 1st of June in Fleetwood, Lancashire.
1912 - He founded the Cambridge Magazines.
1915 - He educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, Cambridge.
1923 - He took over the editorship of the psychological journal Psyche.
- He founded and edited two major series of monographs.
- He edited and wrote a number of monographs on a variety of subjects.
1957 - He died on the 21st of March.
Page last updated: 2:44am, 22
Jun '07
Return to full site
This page is copyright © s9.com


text:
« Exit photo gallery
PHOTOS: Ben Quayle's life and career
On Tuesday, Freshman Rep. Ben Quayle lost the primary election for Arizona's newly drawn 6th congressional district. Here's a look at memorable moments from his life and career.
George H. W. Bush (center) poses during a photo session with Dan Quayle (third from right), and family on Sept. 11, 1988. Ben Quayle is the boy farthest to the left. Next to him are Quayle's son, Tucker; Quayle; Bush; Bush's twin granddaughters, Barbara and Jenna Bush; Barbara Bush; Quayle's daughter, Carrin and wife, Marilyn, and Bush's daughter-in-law, Laura Bush. (Photo: AP Photo)
More: See all POLITICO photo galleries
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http://www.hardknock.tv Nick Huff Barili sat down with Mac Miller for an in depth interview, this is part 2. Label mate Wiz Khalifa has Taylor Gang, Mac Miller has the Thumbs Up movement. Though he doesn't have a name for his fans yet Mac says that it's more important to him to spread positive vibes at all times movement. With Wiz and Mac's careers taking off, Mac says that they don't get to kick it and smoke as much as they use to because the are not often in the same part of the country. As the conversation continues Mac opens up about wanting to work with Pharrell, say he see himself doing a song with Waka Flocka and says he plan to release a free album in March called "Best Day Ever" featuring original production. He is not worried about signing to a major label and rather focuses on taking everything day by day.
Mac says that his is proud of the song he did with Freeway called P.A. but admits that going into it the studio he was wondering if Freeway respected him or knew what he did but that it was all love once they met.
The hype and buzz has brought some Mac Miller haters, what does Mac think of them? "Keep Hating!!" We will let him tell you why.
Mac ends the interview by saying that he will take your money in a basketball, Madden and NBA 2K (We might have to take you up on that!). Also, says that when its all said and done he wants to be proud of what he has accomplished and that he changed things for the better, including opening up charities, restaurants, etc. We see you young Donald Trump!
Make sure to subscribe to www.youtube.com/hardknocktv to get our latest videos including part 1 of this interview coming later this week.
Not since Yo! MTV Raps has there been a Hip Hop TV show, which delves into the mainstream and underground to bring viewers the uncut TRUTH of what is going on in Hip Hop today. From its in-depth interviews and profiles, to rare music videos, Hardknock TV elevates the language and dialogues associated with hip hop culture, offering a unique forum to explore issues relevant to the hip hop/urban community.


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Taking a break from atheism, insanity and the joke of a postracial America, let's discuss the new Terminator film, which I finished watching an hour ago.
Some months back at the Daily Dot, I wrote that I think reboots are over: that fresh starts for meandering franchises like Bond and Batman had their day in the mid-to-late 2000s, and that retcons and new timelines – see Star Trek XI and X-Men: Days of Future Past are the new thing. In the same piece, I looked forward to Terminator Genisys – and in the intervening months, I kept the faith. What do I think about it, then?
Straight up, it isn't all it might have been, but had I actually paid to see it, I don't think I would feel shortchanged: as it goes, there's a solid chance I'll now pay to see it again on a proper size screen. Should you be thinking of doing the same, it strikes me the best way to rate the film is to explain how (after the postcredits scene) you can leave similarly satisfied.
1. Lower your expectations.
There's no getting round it: Genisys isn't a great film, and it's the baddest – though not the worst – Terminator film. When critics say the comedy's awkward, the timelines are a mess and too much got spoiled in the trailers, they aren't wrong. If Salvation didn't prove as much, this series is now the equivalent of a patient whose family (studio heads) demand it be kept alive at all cost, successive film crews paid to fracture ribs and sacrifice all dignity in order to maintain a pulse.
Even before Genisys was released, two sequels were announced, with the film meant as the first part of a new trilogy: high-ups want to maximise profits, and it shows. While Kyle Reese and Sarah Connor return, gone are the swear words and sex scenes from Terminator one. So, more importantly, is its quiet, inescapable menace. (No scene in the series has topped Michael Biehn's retreat up those stairs, described in the Radio Times as 'nerve-jangling'.)
As Ryan Lambie writes at Den of Geek, Alan Taylor – directing as generically here as in Thor: The Dark World – 'lacks . . . the capacity to give his action scenes the creative spin or sense of danger a chase film requires'. Judgment Day's transhumanism, meanwhile, is replayed so broadly it turns to farce. (Spoiler: the aged Terminator draws childish pictures of Sarah Connor. I am not joking.) Reduced to family-friendly popcorn fare, the franchise is a shell of what it was in James Cameron's films.
Thank goodness, then, that I've seen uglier shells – because Genisys is enormous fun.
2. Raise them back up a bit.
If Terminator is to go on the one way it can – as popcorn fare – I'm glad this is the kind of popcorn fare it's going to be.
Between fault lines, there's much here to admire in earnest – not least the ambition of the premise, which ditches Rise of the Machines' rehashing of the second film and offers a far better format change than Salvation. The machine effects are as stunning as they ever were, and the handling of Schwarzenegger's age (willkommen back, Ahnuld) unexpectedly plausible. Other cast members are on fine form too: Matt Smith, by no means left on the cutting room floor, uses meagre screen time to great effect, but the picture belongs to Emilia Clarke, whose Linda Hamilton is uncanny down to the voice.
With a different director, a trimmed script and less hamfisted ads, one senses there's a legitimately somewhat good film somewhere in there. Terminator Genisys is still bad – but it's all the best kinds of bad. Although not substantially better than the stultifying Salvation, it's infinitely more enjoyable, and its remixing – some might say cannibalising – of the series' continuity feels genuinely imaginative, even when it fails. It's silly, but gloriously so, and there's a lot to grin about.
3. Consider it (brilliant) fanfic.
I first saw Terminator 2 at the entirely unsuitable age of eight or nine. While it was years before I discovered Harry/Ron slash (oh yes), it was the first film to make me think like a fanficcer. I wondered what a hacked T-1000 might be like; what would happen if John and Sarah jumped forward in time; how I'd deal with a Terminator on my trail. In its pursuit of a new direction for the series, Genisys addresses questions like these – and some of its answers, although not great cinema, are, well, cool.
Who didn't get chills from that first trailer when Sarah Connor yelled 'Come with me if you want to live' at Kyle Reese? What fan hasn't at least thought up stories featuring Kyle and a T-1000? In the first half-hour, moments from the first and second instalments play out differently, culminating in two fangasmic rematches. Whatever the rest of the film contains, we get to watch Kyle's overcoat with Sarah Connor's Judgment Day leathers. It's a fanfic I'd read the hell out of, taking highlights from previous entries and weaving a new narrative from them. It doesn't always work, and the story suffers as it enters wholly new territory, but heavens, it's the best kind of fanwank.
(If there's a complaint here, the T-1000 is the main victim of the child-friendly rating – razor sharp liquid metal just doesn't work without blood – and at one point acts inexplicably, mimicking Kyle in front of Sarah instead of simply killing them both. Lee Byung-hun's tap water performance, nothing on Robert Patrick's, doesn't help. Still, that death by acid compensates just fine.)
4. Shut up and eat your popcorn.
Stop asking questions – about time travel, what the theme is and why Ahnuld ages so inconsistently – and everything will be okay. Well, more or less.
No, this isn't a follow-up as good as the first or second films – but once you've learned to live with that, it does what it sets out to fairly well, miles more original than the third film and more watchable than the fourth. (Appealingly, it also lets us decide for ourselves just how canonical those are.) Whatever new series it starts, assuming the sequels don't evaporate, it won't be as good as what came before – but if this is anything to go by, it will be fun, and I'm at least as curious as I need to be about what happens next. If nothing else, Genisys achieves what two previous films have failed to do: it takes Terminator somewhere new.
5. Go and (re)watch The Sarah Connor Chronicles.
Even if you loathe every minute of this latest film, its ambitions – to move Sarah to the present, explore time travel in more depth, examine in depth the AI behind SkyNet – are worthy ones. We've seen them before in The Sarah Connor Chronicles, which got two seasons on Fox before being axed in 2009, and remains the best follow-up to Judgment Day, with the kind of detail and depth television allows. (Unlike film four, helped in large part by Lena Headey in the title role, it also succeeds sans Schwarzenegger.) If Terminator has a high brow future anywhere, perhaps TV is where it should end up.


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Same-Sex Marriage And The Supreme Court
3:58 pm
Wed March 27, 2013
Justice Kennedy May Be Deciding Vote In Defense Of Marriage Act Case
The Supreme Court heard oral arguments Wednesday in a case challenging whether the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) means the federal government can deny marriage benefits to same sex couples in states that allow gay marriage. Same-sex couples had reason to be optimistic afterward. Assuming the court can overcome procedural concerns, it looked as if a majority of justices was ready to strike down DOMA.


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Lee and Jackson's Bloody Twelfth Book Launch – Save the Date!
Saturday, September 25 – Sunday, September 26
Stratford Hall, Stratford, Virginia.
Johnnie Pearson will launch his new book, Lee and Jackson's Bloody Twelfth, at the Chesapeake Bay Wine and Harvest Festival. The event will be hosted at Stratford Hall, the birthplace of Robert E. Lee. For more information, visit http://www.stratfordhall.org/visit/harvest.phphttp://www.stratfordhall.org/visit/harvest.php


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Furniture quality and sentimental value are key factors in deciding whether to invest in upholstery repairs.
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Furniture - Refinishing & Repair, Upholstering - General
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In Search The List under the Services category - category you need is Furniture - Refinishing and Repair
Who can I call to repair the reclining mechanism on a leather home theater couch?
Who would you call to repair a Barcalounger?
That's an interesting concept, plus now you can buy all-new furniture at your new place. You can find ratings and reviews on local real estate agents on Angie's List. I would definitely finding a few agents who are familiar with that kind of listing, or alternatviely, you may want to consider an auction house to help sell off our furniture (which you can also find on Angie's List). Check out both servcies here www.AngiesList.com
If you use promo code ANSWERS, you'll get 20% off an annual membership. Good luck with your sale!
If you use promo code ANSWERS, you'll get 20% off an annual membership. Good luck with your sale!
Does anyone know where to get fitted sheets for a ComforPedi Loft mattress made by Simmons? Its a Queen .
Hello, I have a very nice piano that I want to sell. How do I go about it on here? Thanks for any information provided, Gail
Furniture Refinishing reviews in Kankakee
The originally timeline was 2 weeks, we received our pieces 7 weeks later, we were waiting for the drawer slides to be delivered. I will admit this was frustrating. The quality of the work was there and we were very happy with the finished product, we ust wished that the timeline was more accurate. I must say and did the "right" thing By absorbing the cost of the drawer pulls because we had to wait for our furniture.
well. I wouldn't hesitate to recommend him out or use him again for further work.
I contacted Jannine and she called me back within a few hours. She asked me to send her a picture of the oval table in which I wanted the top refinished. The table was 25 years young and had gone through the "worn stage." Once again, within a few hours she called me back with a quote. I put the table in my car and proceeded to meet her. Jannine was extremely professional and I could tell just by talking to her that she knew her trade well. When I returned to pick up my table, I could not believe my eyes. The table was beautiful. It was not an easy job as my table was not just solid brown or solid black, it was a brown/black swirl combination. The table is as good as new. I am very pleased and would recommend Jannine with your most expensive furniture. I will definitely contact her again if the need arises.
Rich did a FANTASTIC job on all the projects we have used him on. The chairs that he repaired were extremely ornate and he did a masterful job repairing them. all the refinishing work was done by hand and is absolutely beautiful. Furniture that is 100-200 years old now looks as good as new!
He is very pleasant, responsive and meets deadlines as well.
He is very pleasant, responsive and meets deadlines as well.
Purchased the repairs using an Angie's Big Deal. Work went well. Took about 5 weeks from the time that the chairs were picked up at our house until they were ready to be returned to us.
I had a dining room chair that was over 50 years old and needed repair as the seatback had separated at the top. End result - You would never know there was ever an issue. absolutely perfect!!
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All Watch Battery Replacement Georgia Clock Repair
105 Enterprise Dr
Altare Design, LLC
357 S. Cannon Ave.
Born Again Interiors
522 Highview drv.
Cicero's House Artistic Productions LLC
505 Drillane RD.
Down Under Faux
36 Prince Street
Exquisite Designs
47332 Sterdley Falls
FCA Flooring Specialists
2852 W. Ogden Avenue
Harry A Eberhardt & Son Inc
2010 Walnut St
Laura's Designs
405 East Mission Street
Mike Wilmsen
1033 Washington Street
Patio-Guy Patio Furniture Enterprises
538 North Darlington St
Progressive Restoration
47W386 I C Trail
Maple Park
Maple Park
Remmert Studios, Inc
5584 E. Anita Ave.
Saint Anne
Saint Anne
Same Day Furniture Stripping
720 Dekalb St
Table Tek
245 Union Street
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$750 for a 4 Room Interior Makeover Painting...AOM Painting, Inc.Member Price$750 $750VIEW
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Uganda withdraw from peacekeeping missions would threaten regional peace
When UN report on Congo was first leaked in July 2012, Uganda's support for M23 was largely ignored. So it appeared like Kampala had gotten away with as the world attention was drawn to Rwanda's involvement and support for M23. Neither did we hear of the role of Kabila in this conflict.
Following the leak, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in August came to Uganda and met president Museveni.
In the wake of the M23 military advances, the AU summit tasked the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) to look at the renewed Congo conflict. President Museveni offered to broker the talks between government and M23 rebels, the offer which President Kabila's government was against. Nonetheless Uganda hosted three summits.
Three months down the road, it was revealed that Uganda has not been a spectator as M23, a group of former fighters from CNDP- an ethnic Tutsi rebel movement, marched taking over territory with much more advanced arms.
Who are M23?
The report says Bosco Ntaganda, a former Congolese general nicknamed the Terminator, who is wanted by the international criminal court, controls the rebellion on the ground while Sultani Makenga is in charge of operations.
M23 fighters had been folded into the army three years ago but they walked out and started the fresh fighting "to force the government to honor its agreement."
There are concerns that M23 advancement might not just destabilize only North Kivu province but also the situation in South Kivu. More than 320,000 people displaced from their homes in North Kivu province since the M23 mutiny started in April 2012 according to the UN.
Uganda's reaction
First the Ugandan army dismissed the allegations as baseless. Then yesterday the Prime Minister Amama Mbabazi announced that Uganda would withdraw from all peacekeeping missions in the region.
Many Ugandans took this reaction simply as political posturing. Uganda has the highest number of troops in African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) so it is one mission that could be devastated.
Question what is Uganda to lose if it walks out on years of AU and UN investment in Somalia?
With over 5000 troops in Somalia and some recent gains on ground and in international praise, President Yoweri Museveni increased his importance not only to the region but also to international community. In fact to many Ugandans perceive Museveni's strengthened regional deployments matter much to international community than internal democratic struggles.
By bringing his troops home, he will loose the regional muscle and more attention would come to internal political situation. This could be a good or bad thing knowing the danger of a redundant military deploying on our western border with DRC.
For the Somalia people this would be devastating but it also provides a lesson to African Union, the danger of trusting one country with peacekeeping in Somalia.
There had already been bickering between Kenya and Uganda as minister in Kenya put the numbers of dead Ugandan soldiers in Somalia since 2007 at 2700. Kenya tried to kick its rival where it hurts. The Ugandan army has been secretive and dishonest about the deaths of soldiers serving under AMISOM so this gave Kenyans a room to speculate.
With this bickering coupled with UN report, the Uganda government felt it could put out a strong statement.
But withdrawing from Somalia would be defeatist and sheer use of Somali people's security as a bargaining chip for Museveni and his government.
When Uganda's ambassador to Rwanda Richard Kabonero in a tweet seemed to suggest Uganda has accomplished its Somalia mission: "I dont why people are linking Somalia withdraw to GOE allegations question is did the UPDF accomplish its mission? and its a YES."
I put it to him that Uganda had not gone to Somalia in order to please the UN – or we were duped? We never even saw our parliament discuss the deployment but we were told it was because a threat to Somalia was also a threat to Ugandans. So wonder I if Uganda withdrawing troops because of a UN report of Congo is supposed to make us more secure?
Here is the statement by Prime Minister Amama Mbabazi which cries foul and lack of recognition of Uganda's efforts to regional peace. You would think the government were robbed at awards for regional peacemakers!
The announcement to withdraw comes at a time when UN is set to negotiate a renewal of AMISOM mandate in the coming week. Could this be a threat that is supposed to give Museveni's government an edge to deal with Kenya but also bargain that 'the malicious accusations' on Congo be withdrawn?
One Ugandan Enid Edroma had an interesting reaction:
"So Uganda will quit Somalia and DRC because of baseless and malicious allegations…. Clearly Uganda is not Ugandan enough… Who quits because of baseless and malicious allegations?? She, (Uganda that is) should learn from its numerous ministers who do not resign because of baseless and malicious allegations of corruption !!"
For now many think it is just political games but if Museveni went ahead to withdraw the troops, the impact will not only be limited to Somalia. This would be another clear failure of the AU to resolve a conflict. But most likely this is President Museveni knowing he positioned himself strategically in the region and he knows if he quits there's a price to pay – unfortunately by civillians and somehow i don't the UN and other international actors allowing this to happen. He's still their main man on Somalia. Time will tell!
Isaiah Kiiza Turyamushanga permalinkNovember 3, 2012 1:46 pm
withdrawing from somalia would be sentencing the people of Somalia to more years of intense insecurity and pushing their hopes for a peaceful country much further. Anyway, given what the UPDF has done in Somalia, how secure would Uganda be if those militants were allowed time to re-organise themselves & maybe revenge for what our army has been doing to them back in Somalia ?.
Pierre Guernier permalinkNovember 3, 2012 6:51 pm
Thanks for your analysis Rosebell, you provide a light over a political dynamic that rarely reaches us in Canada.
Keep it up!


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Lions Open CBI Play vs. Hampton Wednesday
March 18, 2014
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. - The Penn State men's basketball team begins play in the College Basketball Invitational vs. Hampton at 7 p.m. Wednesday in the Bryce Jordan Center. It is the 20th overall postseason appearance for the Nittany Lions and the first in the CBI, now in its seventh year. The winner will play the victor of Stony Brook at Siena next Monday in the quarterfinals. The Seawolves and Saints face each other Tuesday.
Hampton enters the postseason with an 18-12 record and as winners in 10 of its last 12 games. The Pirates finished second in the MEAC standings at 13-3, falling to Coppin State in the conference tourney.
Du'Vaughn Maxwell leads the team in scoring with 15.2 points per game and a team-leading 7.5 boards and 3.0 blocks en route to earning the MEAC Defensive Player of the Year award
Deron Powers tallies 4.1 assists per contest and is second in scoring with 11.6 ppg. In all, three players are averaging in double-figures for a team that is producing at a 73.2 ppg clip.
The Pirates were 7-8 on the road this season, winning each of their last six true away games. They are 0-2 all-time vs. Big Ten schools, falling 77-61 at Michigan Dec. 21,1998 and 70-62 at Ohio State Dec. 30, 2002.
This is the first meeting beween the programs. Penn State is 11-1 all-time vs. teams in the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference. The lone loss was to South Carolina State in the 2004 Black Coaches Association Classic, 63-43. The last meeting vs. a MEAC was last season vs. Delaware State, an 80-76 win.
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind. (AP) - D.J. Newbill had 16 points and Tim Frazier added 11 for Penn State, who fell to Minnesota 63-56 in the Big Ten tournament opening round March 13.10th-seeded Penn State (15-17) struggled shooting the ball, making only 32.2 percent from the field. Austin Hollins scored 18 points, Deandre Mathieu added 13 and Andre Hollins hit a late 3-pointer to help Minnesota edge the Nittany Lions. Penn State got within three just before halftime and within 58-54 with 2:35 to go, but Andre Hollins made a free throw and hit the 3 in the final minute to close it out. The Nittany Lions finally roared back late, cutting a 51-38 deficit to 58-54 on two free throws from Brandon Taylormade two free throws with 2:35 to go.
The winner of the first-round contest between Penn State and Hampton will face the winner of Stony Brook at Siena next Monday, March 24. The Seawolves and Saints face off in the first CBI tournament game Tuesday evening in Loudonville, N.Y., the home of Siena. Stony Brook enters the tourney with a 23-10 mark, while Siena is 15-17. The Nittany Lions have faced each team once before in program history, defeating the Saints in 1999 and falling to the Seawolves in 2006. Should Penn State win Wednesday, it would travel to the site of the winner because of the NCAA Women's Basketball Tournament games in the Bryce Jordan Center next week.


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Ryan Hedrich's third place essay
The following is Ryan Hedrich's third place essay.
Speculations Hammered: The Word of Truth, Asserted and Vindicated
Ryan Hedrich
It is the
ground of knowledge rather than the instrumental cause of justification that
the modern evangelical community must seek to defend against a post-modern
world. This new enemy to the faith is no more threat to epistemic truth than
were the religious sophists of the Reformation; rather, its philosophical
appeal to atheistic and theistic society alike stems from egoistic seduction.
Whether one is an empiricist, rationalist, or existentialist, the popularity of
postmodernism lies in its common pledge to the individual: namely, the
authority to "[erect] an independent criterion of what is worthy of worship"
(Clark 190). Having recognized that the god of this world is focalizing his
attacks upon that alone which "cannot be broken" (John 10:35), Gordon Clark compiled a
series of articles to safeguard the Christian's assurance in the inspiration,
infallibility, sufficiency, perspicuity, and authority of Scriptural
For one
whose first principle is essentially that of the Evangelical Theological
Society, the authors of the Bible must claim their written word to be inspired,
infallible, sufficient, perspicuous, and authoritative, or else one must
acknowledge the first principle is not internally consistent. This, Clark
shows, is trivial. Only one who has not carefully studied Scripture could
believe otherwise, for the Bible is full of instances which claim the whole
canon to have been breathed out by God through the prophets and apostles: "The
LORD said to him, "Who gave man his mouth? Who makes him deaf or mute? Who
gives him sight or makes him blind? Is it not I, the LORD? Now go; I will help
you speak and will teach you what to say'" (Exodus 4:11-12); "All Scripture is
God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in
righteousness, so that the man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good
work" (2 Timothy
3:16-17); "His divine power has given us everything we need for life and
godliness through our knowledge of him who called us by his own glory and
goodness"Îno prophecy of Scripture came about by the prophet's own
interpretation. For prophecy never came by the will of man, but holy men of God
spoke as they were moved by the Holy Spirit" (2 Peter 1:3; 20-21).
Unfortunately, Dr. Mays does not follow his premises to the logical conclusion,
and it is unnecessary to speculate further when the witness of the Holy Spirit
and the self-attestation of Scripture grant insuperable security to the
believer. What statements we can derive from Scripture about the nature of
Scripture should be considered doctrinal; as all Scripture is said to
God-breathed, and as God cannot lie, the perception that Scriptural information
can be unrelated to theology is fallacious. Clark concludes that the authority
of the Bible is necessarily predicated on whether or not it is infallible: "If
the Bible is mistaken on geography, which ought to have been easy for the
writers to put down correctly, it might very well be mistaken on theology,
which is much more difficult than geography" (121). Of course, one could insert
any field of study for "geography" and the point would be the same. The Bible
is God's revealed word, or it is a sham. No middle ground exists.
church's failure to unambiguously communicate the concept of time as provided
in Scripture is not a point devoid of interest. Clark notes that theologians
such as Charles Hodge and Oscar Cullman are just two of many who in part depend
upon Aristotle or other extra-biblical sources when attempting to formalize a
Biblical explanation of time. Providentially, repulsion to this synthesis does
exist within the Christian church. Augustine was one of the earliest Christians
to express the Biblical concept of time when he wrote: "It is in thee, my mind,
that I measure times" (Confessions). Essentially, time is the changing of ideas. For instance:
a second would represent an arbitrary unit measure of the interval between
one's present thought and a thought in one's past. Because they would have been
able to recall the length of a day from memory, the Israelites could have known
that the sun stayed up for about a day in their victory over the Amorites (Joshua 10:12-13). God, on the other hand,
experiences no temporal succession of thoughts, for God is eternal. His
thoughts are immutable.