text:
A system including methodology for optimizing/customizing display or rendering of requested images is described. In one embodiment, the system provides on-demand creation of images that are customized for a particular device type. The system comprises a module serving as a repository for images, each image comprising image components arranged into distinct layers; a module for processing a request from a device for retrieving a particular image from the repository, the module determining a particular device type for the device based in part on information contained in the request; and a module for creating a copy of the particular image that is customized for the device, the module individually rendering image components in the distinct layers of the particular image based on the determined device type, such that at least some of the image components in the distinct layers of the particular image are customized for the device.
1-50. (canceled)
51. A computer-implemented method comprising:
organizing each image into different layers, with each layer having image components of a certain type;
determining an optimization for display on a particular device on a per-layer basis;
based on a type of device requesting the image, rendering each layer of the image based on the optimization determined for the type of device to dynamically generate a rendered image that is optimized for display at the device.
The present application is related to and claims the benefit of priority of the following commonly-owned provisional application(s): application Ser. No. 60/398,211 (Docket No. LS/0033.00), filed Jul. 23, 2002, entitled "Imaging System Providing Dynamic Viewport Layering", of which the present application is a non-provisional application thereof. The present application is related to the following commonly-owned application(s): application Ser. No. 10/010,616 (Docket No. LS/0024.00), filed Nov. 8, 2001, entitled "System and Methodology for Delivering Media to Multiple Disparate Client Devices Based on Their Capabilities"; application Ser. No. 09/588,875 (Docket No. LS/0003.01), filed Jun. 6, 2000, entitled "System and Methodology Providing Access to Photographic Images and Attributes for Multiple Disparate Client Devices". The disclosures of each of the foregoing applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety, including any appendices or attachments thereof, for all purposes.
This application includes a transmittal under 37 C.F.R. �1.52(e) of a Computer Program Listing Appendix comprising duplicate compact discs (2), respectively labeled "Copy 1" and "Copy 2". The discs are IBM-PC machine formatted and Microsoft� Windows Operating System compatible, and include identical copies of the following list of files:
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to digital image processing and, more particularly, to improved techniques for rendering digital images on different devices.
2. Description of the Background Art
Today, digital imaging, particularly in the form of digital cameras, is a prevalent reality that affords a new way to capture photos using a solid-state image sensor instead of traditional film. A digital camera functions by recording incoming light on some sort of sensing mechanism and then processes that information (basically, through analog-to-digital conversion) to create a memory image of the target picture. A digital camera's biggest advantage is that it creates images digitally thus making it easy to transfer images between all kinds of devices and applications. For instance, one can easily insert digital images into word processing documents, send them by e-mail to friends, or post them on a Web site where anyone in the world can see them. Additionally, one can use photo-editing software to manipulate digital images to improve or alter them. For example, one can crop them, remove red-eye, change colors or contrast, and even add and delete elements. Digital cameras also provide immediate access to one's images, thus avoiding the hassle and delay of film processing. All told, digital imaging is becoming increasingly popular because of the flexibility it gives the user when he or she wants to use or distribute an image.
Regardless of where they originate, digital images are often manipulated by users. Using Adobe Photoshop on a desktop computer, for example, a user can manually create an image by layering different objects on top of one another. For instance, one layer of an image may contain artwork, another layer may contain text, another layer may contain a bitmap border, and so forth and so on. The image, with its separate layers, may then be saved in Photoshop (native) file format, or saved in one of a variety of different file formats.
Using Photoshop, one could conceivably pre-generate different versions of a given image (i.e., pre-render the image's different layers) so that the image is correctly rendered for each possible (display-enabled) device in the world. However, that approach is not really practical. The various devices have constraints as to file size (e.g., less than 5K bytes), bit depth constraints (e.g., no more than 8 bits per pixel), and image size constraints (e.g., image cannot be more than 100 by 100 pixels). Thus, the task of creating an acceptable version of the image for thousands of devices is impractical.
Consider, for example, the task of layering a character (e.g., Disney character) on top of artwork (e.g., bitmap background), for display on a target device capable of displaying JPEG. In this case, the artwork would need to be resized to the screen size of the target device. The character would then have to be overlaid (layered) on top of the resized artwork, and finally the image would need to be saved to the correct JPEG quality. If the generated image file were too big for the target device, the process would have to be repeated, including resizing the background artwork and relayering the character on top of the artwork. Using currently available tools, the task is at best tedious and labor-intensive. Further, the foregoing manual (i.e., pre-rendering) approach is only possible when one is dealing with static images. If a user wants to layer an object on top of an existing image instantaneously, the manual approach does not offer a possible solution.
Existing approaches to layering objects rely on browser-based, online techniques. However, those approaches are basically online versions of the above-described desktop approach (i.e., Adobe Photoshop approach). In particular, those approaches do not take into account the various constraints that may be imposed by a given target device, such as a handheld device. Instead, those approaches rely on an environment with a fixed set of device constraints (i.e., a fixed viewport). If the image is transferred to a target device, the image may have to be resized. Since the image is not being dynamically re-created, one cannot take advantage of vector graphics; thus, certain features of the image will be lost. For example, text that looks good when displayed on a desktop browser at 640 by 480 resolution will look awful when resized for display on a mobile device having a screen resolution of 100 by 100. Instead, it would be desirable to render the text (as well as any other graphics) based on the target device's final screen resolution as well as any other applicable target device constraints. Given these and other limitations of current approaches, a better solution is sought.
What is needed is a system providing methods that allow dynamic reshaping of a logical viewport and allow dynamic adjusting of encoding parameters, including file size constraints, so that rendering of digital images is dynamically optimized or customized for different target devices. The present invention fulfills this and other needs.
The following definitions are offered for purposes of illustration, not limitation, in order to assist with understanding the discussion that follows.
Color Space correction: Color space correction is the process of adjusting the R, G, B values in an image to suit the color chromaticities of the target display's red, green, and blue. See, e.g., Poynton, C. A., "A Technical Introduction of Digital Video," Chapter 7, John Wiley, New York, 1996, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Gamma Correction: This is the process of compensating for a display's non-linearity by applying the inverse of the display's nonlinearity to the source image. See, e.g., Poynton, C. A., "A Technical Introduction of Digital Video," Chapter 6, John Wiley, New York, 1996, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
HTML: Short for HyperText Markup Language, the well-known authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML is similar to SGML, although it is not a strict subset. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes. See, e.g., RFC 1866: Hypertext Markup Language—2.0, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
HTTP: Short for HyperText Transfer Protocol, this is the underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web. HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when a user enters a URL in his or her browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch and transmit the requested Web page. Further description of HTTP is available in RFC 2616: Hypertext Transfer Protocol—HTTP/1.1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. RFC 2616 is available from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3), and is currently available via the Internet at http://www.w3.org/Protocols/.
Red eye Compensation: The "red eye" effect is caused by a camera's flash reflecting off of the retina of the human eye. Computer algorithms that "desaturate" the red to darker colors can reduce the "redness." See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,278,491, issued to Wang et al., and entitled "Apparatus and a method for automatically detecting and reducing red-eye in a digital image," the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
Sharpen: This is the process of "crispening" the gray-scale edges in the image for improved appearance or to compensate for a blurry display. This is typically achieved through "unsharp masking." See, e.g., Jain, A. K., "Fundamentals of Image Processing", Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, N.J., 1989, describing how a low pass filtered version of an image may be subtracted from the image, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
URL: Abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator, the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the address indicates what protocol to use, and the second part specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located.
Viewport: Viewport refers to a target display that the user will view the final image on. For example, in the case of a mobile handheld device, the viewport is the device's screen. However, depending on the individual target device, the viewport is not necessarily constrained to the screen's physical size. If the device includes scroll capability, for instance, the viewport's (logical) size may exceed the screen's physical size.
Whitepoint Correction: The whitepoint is the color coordinates of the "reference white" in a given environment. The human eye is capable of "chromatic adaptation" to the whitepoint. Whitepoint correction is the process of adjusting the R, G, B color coordinates to account for the human eye's adjustment to the target display's whitepoint. See, e.g., Giorgianni, E. J. et al., "Digital Color Management," Addison-Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1998, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
XML: XML stands for Extensible Markup Language, a specification developed by the W3C. XML is a pared-down version of SGML, designed especially for Web documents. It allows designers to create their own customized tags, enabling the definition, transmission, validation, and interpretation of data between applications and between organizations. For further description of XML, see e.g., "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0," (2nd Edition, Oct. 6, 2000) a recommended specification from the W3C, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. A copy of this specification is currently available on the Internet at http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006.
A system for on-demand creation of images that are customized for a particular device type is described. In one embodiment, the system comprises a module serving as a repository for images, each image comprising image components arranged into distinct layers; a module for processing a request from a device for retrieving a particular image from the repository, the module determining a particular device type for the device based in part on information contained in the request; and a module for creating a copy of the particular image that is customized for the device, the module individually rendering image components in the distinct layers of the particular image based on the determined device type, such that at least some of the image components in the distinct layers of the particular image are customized for the device.
A method for dynamically optimizing display of an image transmitted to a client device is also described. In one embodiment, the method includes steps of receiving an online request from a particular client device for retrieving a target image for display, the request including information assisting with determination of a device type for the client device, and the target image comprising image components arranged into individual layers; based on the request, determining a device type for the particular client device; based on the determined device type, retrieving information specifying viewport and layering information for the particular client device; based on the viewport and layering information, creating a version of the target image optimized for display at the particular client device; and transmitting the created version of the target image to the client device for display.
FIGS. 6A-B comprise a flowchart illustrating the overall methodology employed by the present invention supporting dynamic viewport layering.
The following description will focus on the currently preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is implemented in a digital imaging environment. The present invention is not, however, limited to any one particular application or any particular environment. Instead, those skilled in the art will find that the system and methods of the present invention may be advantageously employed on a variety of different devices. Therefore, the description of the exemplary embodiment that follows is for purpose of illustration and not limitation.
I. Digital Camera-Based Implementation
A. Basic Components of Digital Camera
The present invention may be implemented on a media capturing and recording system, such as a digital camera.
As shown, the imaging device 120 is optically coupled to the object 150 in the sense that the device may capture an optical image of the object. Optical coupling may include use of optics, for example, such as a lens assembly (not shown) to focus an image of the object 150 on the imaging device 120. The imaging device 120 in turn communicates with the computer 140, for example, via the system bus 130. The computer 140 provides overall control for the imaging device 120. In operation, the computer 140 controls the imaging device 120 by, in effect, telling it what to do and when. For instance, the computer 140 provides general input/output (I/O) control that allows one to coordinate control of the imaging device 120 with other electromechanical peripherals of the digital camera 100 (e.g., flash attachment).
Once a photographer or camera user has aimed the imaging device 120 at the object 150 (with or without user-operated focusing) and, using a capture button or some other means, instructed the camera 100 to capture an image of the object 150, the computer 140 commands the imaging device 120 via the system bus 130 to capture an image representing the object 150. The imaging device 120 operates, in essence, by capturing light reflected from the object 150 and transforming that light into image data. The captured image data is transferred over the system bus 130 to the computer 140 which performs various image processing functions on the image data before storing it in its internal memory. The system bus 130 also passes various status and control signals between the imaging device 120 and the computer 140. The components and operations of the imaging device 120 and the computer 140 will now be described in greater detail.
B. Image Capture on Imaging Device
In operation, the imaging device 120 captures an image of the object 150 via reflected light impacting the image sensor 230 along optical path 220. The lens 210 includes optics to focus light from the object 150 along optical path 220 onto the image sensor 230. The focus mechanism 241 may be used to adjust the lens 210. The filter(s) 215 preferably include one or more color filters placed over the image sensor 230 to separate out the different color components of the light reflected by the object 150. For instance, the image sensor 230 may be covered by red, green, and blue filters, with such color filters intermingled across the image sensor in patterns ("mosaics") designed to yield sharper images and truer colors.
While a conventional camera exposes film to capture an image, a digital camera collects light on an image sensor (e.g., image sensor 230), a solid-state electronic device. The image sensor 230 may be implemented as either a charged-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. Both CMOS and CCD image sensors operate by capturing light on a grid of small cells known as photosites (or photodiodes) on their surfaces. The surface of an image sensor typically consists of hundreds of thousands of photosites that convert light shining on them to electrical charges. Depending upon a given image, varying amounts of light hit each photosite, resulting in varying amounts of electrical charge at the photosites. These charges can then be measured and converted into digital information. A CCD sensor appropriate for inclusion in a digital camera is available from a number of vendors, including Eastman Kodak of Rochester, N.Y., Philips of The Netherlands, and Sony of Japan. A suitable CMOS sensor is also available from a variety of vendors. Representative vendors include STMicroelectronics (formerly VSLI Vision Ltd.) of The Netherlands, Motorola of Schaumburg, Ill., and Intel of Santa Clara, Calif.
When instructed to capture an image of the object 150, the image sensor 230 responsively generates a set of raw image data (e.g., in CCD format for a CCD implementation) representing the captured object 150. In an embodiment using a CCD sensor, for example, the raw image data that is captured on the image sensor 230 is routed through the signal processor 251, the analog-to-digital (A/D) converter 253, and the interface 255. The interface 255 has outputs for controlling the signal processor 251, the focus mechanism 241, and the timing circuit 242. From the interface 255, the image data passes over the system bus 130 to the computer 140 as previously illustrated at
C. Image Processing
A conventional onboard processor or computer 140 is provided for directing the operation of the digital camera 100 and processing image data captured on the imaging device 120.
The processor (CPU) 264 typically includes a conventional processor device (e.g., microprocessor) for controlling the operation of camera 100. Implementation of the processor 264 may be accomplished in a variety of different ways. For instance, the processor 264 may be implemented as a microprocessor (e.g., MPC823 microprocessor, available from Motorola of Schaumburg, Ill.) with DSP (digital signal processing) logic blocks, memory control logic blocks, video control logic blocks, and interface logic. Alternatively, the processor 264 may be implemented as a "camera on a chip (set)" using, for instance, a Raptor II chipset (available from Conextant Systems, Inc. of Newport Beach, Calif.), a Sound Vision Clarity 2, 3, or 4 chipset (available from Sound Vision, Inc. of Wayland, Mass.), or similar chipset that integrates a processing core with image processing periphery. Processor 264 is typically capable of concurrently running multiple software routines to control the various processes of camera 100 within a multithreaded environment.
The digital camera 100 includes several memory components. The memory (RAM) 266 is a contiguous block of dynamic memory which may be selectively allocated to various storage functions. Dynamic random-access memory is available from a variety of vendors, including, for instance, Toshiba of Japan, Micron Technology of Boise, Id., Hitachi of Japan, and Samsung Electronics of South Korea. The non-volatile memory 282, which may typically comprise a conventional read-only memory or flash memory, stores a set of computer-readable program instructions to control the operation of the camera 100. The removable memory 284 serves as an additional image data storage area and may include a non-volatile device, readily removable and replaceable by a camera 100 user via the removable memory interface 283. Thus, a user who possesses several removable memories 284 may replace a full removable memory 284 with an empty removable memory 284 to effectively expand the picture-taking capacity of the camera 100. The removable memory 284 is typically implemented using a flash disk. Available vendors for flash memory include, for example, SanDisk Corporation of Sunnyvale, Calif. and Sony of Japan. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the digital camera 100 may incorporate other memory configurations and designs that readily accommodate the image capture and processing methodology of the present invention.
The digital camera 100 also typically includes several interfaces for communication with a camera user or with other systems and devices. For example, the I/O controller 280 is an interface device allowing communications to and from the computer 140. The I/O controller 280 permits an external host computer (not shown) to connect to and communicate with the computer 140. As shown, the I/O controller 280 also interfaces with a plurality of buttons and/or dials 298, and an optional status LCD 299, which in addition to the LCD screen 296 are the hardware elements of the user interface 295 of the device. The digital camera 100 may include the user interface 295 for providing feedback to, and receiving input from, a camera user, for example. Alternatively, these elements may be provided through a host device (e.g., personal digital assistant) for a media capture device implemented as a client to a host device. For an embodiment that does not need to interact with users, such as a surveillance camera, the foregoing user interface components may not be required. The LCD controller 290 accesses the memory (RAM) 266 and transfers processed image data to the LCD screen 296 for display. Although the user interface 295 includes an LCD screen 296, an optical viewfinder or direct view display may be used in addition to or in lieu of the LCD screen to provide feedback to a camera user. Components of the user interface 295 are available from a variety of vendors. Examples include Sharp, Toshiba, and Citizen Electronics of Japan, Samsung Electronics of South Korea, and Hewlett-Packard of Palo Alto, Calif.
The power management 262 communicates with the power supply 272 and coordinates power management operations for the camera 100. The power supply 272 supplies operating power to the various components of the camera 100. In a typical configuration, power supply 272 provides operating power to a main power bus 278 and also to a secondary power bus 279. The main power bus 278 provides power to the imaging device 120, the I/O controller 280, the non-volatile memory 282, and the removable memory 284. The secondary power bus 279 provides power to the power management 262, the processor 264, and the memory (RAM) 266. The power supply 272 is connected to batteries 275 and also to auxiliary batteries 276. A camera user may also connect the power supply 272 to an external power source, as desired. During normal operation of the power supply 272, the main batteries 275 provide operating power to the power supply 272 which then provides the operating power to the camera 100 via both the main power bus 278 and the secondary power bus 279. During a power failure mode in which the main batteries 275 have failed (e.g., when their output voltage has fallen below a minimum operational voltage level), the auxiliary batteries 276 provide operating power to the power supply 276. In a typical configuration, the power supply 272 provides power from the auxiliary batteries 276 only to the secondary power bus 279 of the camera 100.
The above-described system 100 is presented for purposes of illustrating the basic hardware underlying a media capturing and recording system (e.g., digital camera) that may be employed for implementing the present invention. The present invention, however, is not limited to just digital camera devices but, instead, may be advantageously applied to a variety of devices capable of supporting and/or benefiting from the methodologies of the present invention presented in detail below.
D. System Environment
II. Dynamic Viewport Layering
A. Introduction
Content creators want to create interesting content to add to user pictures. For example, content creators may want to layer user pictures with interesting text or interesting animation. This entails creating content on the fly. However, when a content creator creates content on the fly, the creator faces the additional problem of correctly displaying or rendering the content on devices with different display characteristics. The approach of the present invention is to create a solution that allows one to describe what has to happen in the final presentation. For example, an exemplary description would indicate that an image should be displayed with a frame, with animation overlaid on the image, and with the text "Happy Birthday" displayed on top. In this manner, the solution allows the image to be correctly displayed on devices with different display characteristics.
More particularly, the present invention applies a two-pronged approach. First, the approach of the present invention is to provide a description language that allows one to specify how the layering is to be performed. In the currently preferred embodiment, the description language conforms to XML format and provides a hierarchical description of the layers that form a given image. The different layers include images (e.g., bitmaps), animations, text, vector graphics, and the like. The description language includes a syntax that allows one to describe how to compose the different layers together and how to display those layers in a viewport. The description language does not specify an exact layout but, instead, accommodates the constraints of the various target devices. A given description for a particular image is resident on the server; it is not sent to the target device. Instead, the target device receives the final encoded format (image). Thus, the description language accommodates for encoding constraints imposed by a particular target device.
The second prong of the approach of the present invention is to dynamically reshape or reconfigure the viewport, so that the image is correctly rendered at the target device. Consider a set of device constraints for a given target device. The constraints will specify certain limits, such as maximum bits allowed per pixel (e.g., 8 bits per pixel), maximum screen size (e.g., 100 pixels by 100 pixels), and the like. In accordance with the present invention, the viewport is dynamically reconfigured to fit the constraints of the then-current target device. Moreover, multiple constraints must usually be satisfied. For example, a target device may specify a maximum image size (e.g., 5K). In order to accommodate that constraint, it may be necessary to decrease the bit depth (i.e., bits per pixel). The approach of the present invention entails satisfying a device's constraints mutually, so that, for example, an image's bit depth may be varied to 4 bits per pixel to accommodate the 5K file size constraint. However, the bit depth would not be allowed to exceed 8 bits per pixel (i.e., the maximum bit depth supported by the target device). All told, there are a variety of constraints or parameters that could potentially be adjusted to dynamically match the logical viewports (and therefore the image) to the target device.
B. Basic Methodology
The present invention provides an iterative optimization (customization) method that is used to meet the constraints of target devices while maintaining good image quality. As shown at 401 in
At the end of the foregoing, the layers (e.g., Layer 0 and Layer 1) are ready to be mapped to the Viewport, as shown at 403. A File Size Control block 405, which communicates with a Viewport Specification component 417, specifies the Viewport Size 407 for this mapping. The Viewport size may be larger than the target display (e.g., due to scrolling capability). The layers are merged after mapping, as indicated at 409. The next step in the process is clipping the Viewport to a clip-path, at 411. The clip-path corresponds to the Viewport unit rectangle (0.0,0.0,1.0,1.0), but it can also be specified to be one of the rendered layers. The clipped rectangle is then encoded per the device constraints, such as color-depth, encoding method, system palette, and the like. Mapping 413 represents this operation. If the resultant file size meets the file size constraints (tested at 415), then the image is returned to the target (e.g., mobile) display. Otherwise the file size control block re-sizes the viewport and reinitiates, viewport mapping, merging, and the like, as indicated by the loop back to the File Size Control block 405.
C. Image Transform API
The following describes the interface for specifying image transformations. To make effective use of the interface, it is useful to understand the imaging model used by the current invention which is based on a layering paradigm. The layers may include, for example, image, text, and vector graphics layers. Layers have spatial and temporal attributes.
1. Spatial Layering
The image transformation API is a layering API that describes how to combine various layers (image, text, animation, etc.) to create special effects.
The origin is in the top left corner of the Viewport.
The X axis advances to the right.
The Y axis advances down.
The X coordinates are normalized to Viewport width.
The Y coordinates are normalized to Viewport height.
A "Viewport Unit Rectangle" 551 is defined to be a rectangle that spans the coordinates (0.0, 0.0), (1.0,1.0). Each layer is mapped to the sub-region of the Viewport, per its Viewport_map. An example Viewport map sub-region or window is shown at 553 in
2. Temporal Layering
In addition to the spatial "order" attribute, layers also have temporal attributes (all expressed in milliseconds):
3. XML Approach
Layering is achieved using an XML API. In this method the (arg,val) pair "enh=<XML_URL>" specifes an XML URL to use.
4. XML Hierarchy
The hierarchy of objects that is used in the XML API is shown in
5. Image Transform
The image transform consists of an element tag to wrap the details of the image layering operation.
6. Common Properties of Layers
The layers have common properties that describe spatial and temporal behavior.
a) Spatial Properties
A Layer's spatial properties are determined by the "order" attribute and the "viewport_map" child-element.
The following (advanced) elements are useful to re-position the image after the mapping.
Offset: This describes if any offset has to be applied to the layer after it is mapped to the window. If not specified, an offset of (0.0,0.0) is assumed.
b) Temporal Properties
The temporal attributes: start_time, duration, and repeat_period, are supported by all layers.
7. Image Layer
The image layer's attributes and child-elements determine how it is:
Mapped to a window within the Viewport.
a) Source Image layer
The image specified by the "src=<IMAGE_URL>" (arg,val) pair becomes the "source" layer. This layer is inserted between any background (layer order 0) and the remaining layers. This layer has default attribute and child-element values for the Viewport_map.
8. Text Layer
This layer supports text rendition.
9. Bezier Layer
The Bezier Layer is used to overlay vector graphics. The intent of this layer is to support vector graphics with dynamic text insertion capabilities.
10. Viewport
Once the layers are mapped onto the Viewport and merged, the resultant image is mapped to the client's preferred image format per constraints specified in the Viewport element.
a) Aspect/Anchor Layer
The current invention sets the Viewport's width to the target device's width. But the Viewport height is determined based on the aspect ratio as defined by the aspect_layer.
Example: The target mobile device is 100�120. The current invention will then create a Viewport that is 100�120.
Example: The image is 640�480. The mobile device is 100�100. The current invention will then create a Viewport that is 100�75. Since the coordinate system is normalized to the Viewport, all layering will be then relative to this image layer.
Though initially the Viewport dimensions are determined per the method described above, the dimensions may be adjusted to satisfy file size constraints. The aspect ratio is preserved when the Viewport is resized.
b) Force_Colors
The set of colors to be forced is specified in one of the following formats:
Mobile devices typically have one of the following color modes:
11. Class Definitions
The C++ class definitions of the ImageTransform class, the ImageLayer class and Viewport class are shown here.
a) ImageTransform
b) Layer Class
The layer class is the base class from which all layers (image, text, etc.) are derived.
c) Image Layer Class
The ImageLayer is derived from the Layer class.
d) The Viewport Class
12. Layering Examples
The following sub sections show examples of using the XML based layering API.
a) Graphics Overlay
This example shows how to overlay a graphic on a source image under the following constraints:
The requesting URL would be:
The enhancement XML would be:
b) Framing
This section is an example of overlaying a frame on an image.
The requesting URL would be:
The enhancement XML is shown below:
The aspect_layer attribute of Viewport is set to 2. This forces the Viewport to hae the same aspect ratio as image layer 2, i.e. image layer 2.
Image_2 is mapped to complete Viewport.
Image layer 1 is mapped to a sub-window that aligns with the transparency in the "flower".
c) Text Overlay
This example overlays text on the bottom 20% of Viewport
D. Summary of Internal Operation
1. Overall Operation
FIGS. 6A-B comprise a flowchart illustrating the overall methodology 600 employed by the present invention for supporting dynamic viewport layering. At the outset, a stock HTTP server (e.g., Apache server) is invoked with an online request (e.g., HTML request), such as a URL from a (browser) client, for retrieving a target image (e.g., from an image repository), as indicated at step 601. This HTTP invocation (online request) from the client includes an HTTP GET command, which comprises a URL plus headers (including a header identifying client browser type). The URL itself may comprise a typical Web-based URL, for example specifying a location and accompanying name/value pairs. As the client invokes the HTTP server directly, the HTTP server may be thought of as the front end of the system. A plug-in module (eSwitch™ handler) is used to fork the incoming request, as indicated at step 602. Now, the eSwitch™ handler may examine the HTTP GET headers to identify the browser client, as indicated at step 603, and from this identification, the handler may infer the type or identity of the client device (i.e., device type). During operation of the step, the handler consults a device database to match the headers with an appropriate device, for example, as described in the above-referenced commonly owned application Ser. No. 09/588,875, filed Jun. 6, 2000, and application Ser. No. 10/010,616, filed Nov. 8, 2001.
After identification of the device, the handler proceeds to fetch an XML (configuration) file, at step 604. The URL submitted by the client (at step 601) specified, as one of the name/value pairs, a particular XML file which stores, in a hierarchical fashion, the values for the image transform tree (which describes both the viewport and layers). The XML file that is fetched may now be parsed, using a stock XML parser (e.g., libXML2), at step 605. The parsed values/attributes are then used to create an in-memory copy of the image transform tree.
The next step is to merge viewport information derived from the client database with all of the attributes and their values (e.g., layering information) in the image transform tree, as shown at step 606. At step 607, upon invoking an image transform module, the method proceeds to actually render the image (i.e., dynamically create a version that is optimized or customized for the client). In particular, the image of interest is rendered to the viewport of the identified client device pursuant to the layering and viewport information in the image transform tree; any image format considerations of the client (e.g., JPEG format requirement) may be applied by transforming the image into the required format. The foregoing process may occur in an iterative fashion. For example, if the dynamically created version is deemed to be too large for the client device or has a bit depth that exceeds the client's capabilities, the step is repeated to create a version that is compliant. During a given iteration, encoding/rendering parameters (e.g., image dimensions) may be dynamically adjusted to achieve on-demand generation of an image that is optimized for the client device. Finally, as indicated by step 608, the method emits a fully rendered image (per constraints) that is then transmitted back to the client device (e.g., via wireless connectivity, via Internet connectivity, via wireless Internet connectivity, or the like) in an appropriate format. The image may be cached for future retrieval (e.g., by the same device type), as desired.
2. Image Transform Object
The Image Transform Object class definition (class ImageTransform), which closely mirrors the XML description, includes data members responsible for creating/supporting the various image layers. Each layer itself is an object in its own right. When the Image Transform Object is instantiated, all of the embedded objects are likewise instantiated.
The Image Transform Object includes a "Render" method, Render ( ). In basic operation, the "Render" method invokes a corresponding rendering method on each embedded object so that each layer is correctly rendered. Rendering occurs against an in-memory version (e.g., canonical format, such as a bitmap) of the Viewport, that is, a Viewport object. Ultimately, each embedded object is rendered against the Viewport object for generating a "candidate" rendered image. Next, the candidate image is encoded (e.g., JPEG encoded) to a format that is appropriate for the client, for generating a candidate transformed image. Once the candidate image is transformed, the resulting image is checked for compliance with applicable constraints (e.g., file size), as previously illustrated in
While the invention is described in some detail with specific reference to a single-preferred embodiment and certain alternatives, there is no intent to limit the invention to that particular embodiment or those specific alternatives. For instance, examples have been presented which focus on "displaying" images at client devices. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other client-side outputting or rendering, such as printing, may benefit from application of the present invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications may be made to the preferred embodiment without departing from the teachings of the present invention.
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John Hasnas
Associate Professor
MSB Faculty
General profile
+1 202-661-6587
503 Hariri Building
John Hasnas is an associate professor of business at Georgetown's McDonough School of Business and a visiting associate professor of law at Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, DC, where he teaches courses in ethics and law. Professor Hasnas is also the director of the Georgetown Institute for the Study of Markets and Ethics, whose tripartite mission is to produce high-quality research on matters related to the ethics of market activity, improve ethics pedagogy, and educate the broader, non-academic community about ethical issues related to the functioning of markets. Professor Hasnas has held previous appointments as associate professor of law at George Mason University School of Law, visiting associate professor of law at Duke University School of Law and the Washington College of Law at American University, and Law and Humanities Fellow at Temple University School of Law. Professor Hasnas has also been a visiting scholar at the Kennedy Institute of Ethics in Washington, DC and the Social Philosophy and Policy Center in Bowling Green, Ohio. He received his B.A. in Philosophy from Lafayette College, his J.D. and Ph.D. in Legal Philosophy from Duke University, and his LL.M. in Legal Education from Temple Law School. Between 1997 and 1999, Professor Hasnas served as assistant general counsel to Koch Industries, Inc. in Wichita, Kansas. His scholarship concerns ethics and white collar crime, jurisprudence, and legal history. His book Trapped: When Acting Ethically Is Against the Law is available from the Cato Institute.
Download cv.pdf
- LLM (1992) Temple University School of Law, Law
- PhD (1988) Duke University, Philosophy
- JD (1978) Duke University School of Law, Law

subset: commoncrawl


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American Cancer Society Expert Voices
By J. Lee Westmaas, PhD
While the American Cancer Society and other organizations traditionally focus on getting smokers to quit before they develop cancer, there's a group of smokers who are especially susceptible to the negative effects of smoking. They are cancer survivors - some of whom have been diagnosed with a smoking-related cancer. It's easy to say, "If you get cancer, then you should know better and quit, and stay quit," but that's not the whole story.
Getting a cancer diagnosis does motivate some smokers to quit. Using data from the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study-II, we found that about 1 out of 3 smokers quit smoking when they were diagnosed with cancer. That compares with only 1 out of 5 smokers who quit but were not diagnosed with cancer during the same time periods studied.
Even smokers whose cancer was not strongly linked to smoking (like breast cancer) quit at higher rates than undiagnosed smokers. These results were not caused by the smokers being unable to smoke due to their illness; those people were excluded from the study.
Quitting is particularly important for cancer patients and survivors because smoking can increase the likelihood of a recurrence, delay wound healing, and make cancer treatments less effective. This is true even for cancers that aren't related to smoking.
Unfortunately, there are some cancer survivors who find it very hard to quit. We looked at data from the Study of Cancer Survivors (SCS-I), a nationwide quality-of-life study conducted by the Behavioral Research Center at the American Cancer Society. The study surveyed 2,938 survivors of 10 different kinds of cancers approximately 9 years after their initial diagnosis.
We found that 9.3% of these survivors were current smokers. Survivors of bladder, lung, and ovarian cancers had the highest smoking rates in this study. Most (83%) current smokers smoked daily, averaging almost 15 cigarettes per day. In fact, 40% percent of daily smokers smoked more than 15 cigarettes per day. More...
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J. Lee Westmaas | Lung Cancer | Survivorship | Tobacco/Smoking
By Ted Gansler, MD, MBA, MPH
Can breath tests (like those used to check whether drivers have been drinking alcohol) be used for lung cancer screening? Or, is this (pardon the pun) just a lot of "hot air?" Although breath tests for lung cancer are "not ready for prime time," there has been some encouraging research.
There are 3 main ways to fight cancer - prevention, screening, and treatment. Although lung cancer remains the leading cause of death from cancer worldwide and in the United States, researchers are making progress against this disease on all 3 fronts.
Over nearly a half century, researchers tried several tests for lung cancer screening, none of which were accurate enough for widespread use. Because of research results released in 2010, the American Cancer Society and several other organizations now recommend that people at high risk for lung cancer (certain groups of current and former smokers) ask their doctor about CT scans for lung cancer screening.
On average, people in these high risk groups who have this test every year according to the ACS guidelines can reduce their risk of dying from lung cancer by about 20%. This can save a lot of lives and prevent a lot of suffering, so if you are a current or former smoker, you should read more about our lung cancer screening recommendations.
Research into easier lung cancer screening
One challenge with CT scans is that they find some lung nodules that are neither clearly cancer nor clearly benign (not cancer). This question is usually figured out by follow-up scans, but sometimes biopsies are needed. These biopsies can pose significant risks, which is one reason screening isn't recommended for people whose risk of lung cancer isn't as high as that of heavy smokers. So researchers are looking for ways to make screening easier and more accurate, faster and more affordable. More...
Cancer Screening Tests | Lung Cancer | Ted Gansler | Tobacco/Smoking
Some of us, at some point in time, have felt judged negatively by others or discriminated against because of some personal characteristic or behavior. Researchers refer to this as feeling stigmatized, and lung cancer patients report feeling this way more than patients with other types of cancers.
Many individuals with lung cancer fear that others will react to their diagnosis with blame, exclusion, rejection and/or discrimination. Many actually experience this as well. A primary reason is that smoking is so strongly linked to lung cancer.
Lung cancer was one of the first diseases to be identified as caused by smoking. Smoking rates have decreased dramatically since the 1960s due to laws to restrict smoking, greater publicity on the many harms of smoking, and a change in public attitudes toward smoking. More...
J. Lee Westmaas | Lung Cancer
By Otis W. Brawley, MD, FACP
This week the American Cancer Society announces its lung cancer screening guidelines. In short, we recommend that health care professionals with access to high-quality lung cancer screening and treatment centers should discuss screening with healthy patients aged 55 years to 74 years who have at least a 30-year history of pack-a-day cigarette smoking and who currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. The health care professional and patient should discuss all the known benefits and known harms associated with lung cancer screening.
These guidelines were developed after a meticulous process in which a group of cancer screening and treatment experts reviewed all the major lung cancer screening studies that have been published over the past several decades. More...
Lung Cancer | Otis W. Brawley
Expert Voices will give you more than the statistics: it will give you insight. More
Terri Ades, DNP, FNP-BC, AOCN
Kassandra I. Alcaraz, PhD, MPH
Francisca Alvarado, BSN, RN, OCN
Agnes Beasley, MSN, RN, OCN
Otis W. Brawley, MD, FACP
Durado Brooks, MD, MPH
Alvaro Carrascal, MD, MPH
William H. Chambers, PhD
Amb. Sally G. Cowal
Rebecca Cowens-Alvarado, MPH
Colleen Doyle, MS, RD
Lewis E. Foxhall, MD
Ted Gansler, MD, MBA
Mia M. Gaudet, PhD
Thomas J. Glynn, PhD
Greta Greer, MSW, LCSW
Eric Jacobs, PhD
Fadlo R. Khuri, MD, FACP
Rebecca Kirch
Marji McCullough, ScD, RD
Alpa Patel, PhD
William C. Phelps, PhD
Kenneth Portier, PhD
James C. Salwitz, MD
Debbie Saslow, PhD
Charles (Karl) Saxe, PhD
William Schaffner, MDKatherine Sharpe, MTS
Rebecca Siegel, MPH
Kevin D. Stein, PhD
Elizabeth Ward, PhD
Richard C. Wender, MD
J. Lee Westmaas, PhD
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My first go at motor bikes,any advice welcome.is the bike and rider sharp,
|Canon EOS 50D
|EF70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM
|Recording media:
|JPEG (digital)
|Date Taken:
|3 Mar 2013 - 1:13 PM
|Focal Length:
|Lens Max Aperture:
|Shutter Speed:
|Exposure Comp:
|Exposure Mode:
|Shutter speed priority AE
|Metering Mode:
|Off, Did not fire
|White Balance:
|Moto Cross
|7 Mar 2013 - 5:59 PM
|General, Sports / action
|VS Mode Rating
101 (52.63% won)
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To be honest it looks pretty good to me! The rider and bike look sharp but you have a little bit of motion in the wheels to still give a sense of movement - for a first go you have done very well indeed!
I also like the framing of the shot as the rider is looking in your direction and you are angled so you can seen enough of bike and rider to make it interesting to the eye. I think for future you could maybe try a technique called "panning" to create movement blur and also play with flash and 1st/2nd curtain sync and shutter speeds to create photo's that pop out and have a bit more depth as well as having motion blur. I am new to flash myself so have just read up on it and seen how it looks when done!
As long as you focus and get the rider and bike in focus you can play with shutter speeds to increase or reduce motion blur. it doesn't say if you auto focused or not but sometimes manually focusing on a pre set point and waiting for the bike to come over the hill and jump THEN snapping when it comes into frame helps you to get sharper shots more consistently as the autofocus can find it hard to focus on very fast objects like these bikes.
Not sure on the use of flash at these events as it's probably not a good idea to blind riders! - but in different situations where you have movement and can use flash - first/second curtain sync can create some cool photos.
Keep snapping - you got a good'n!
Nominating Constructive Critique
Its quite a good shot, turned out well. Youve obviously lost some highlights in the trees and the helmet, but the bike and reider look good. Ive sharpened a little in the mod and cropped into an A4 format, and recovered some highlights.
The settings for the shot look fine, but I would recommend a different approach. Though it makes sense to use Shutter priority intuitively, you lose control over the all important aperture.
So what many shooters do, is use Aperture priority and set it to what you want, - 3.2 is good with this lens; then use ISO to control your shutter speed; use AI Servo as the focus mode, and use the centre focus point. Hold the shutter half pressed and it will track the bike until you fully press.
In control functions, theres a setting foir AI Servo you can look at where you can determine the range you will allow the AF to vary from the selected point, - its useful.
Well done,
Hope this helps,
Nominating Constructive Critique
Nominating Constructive Critique
Nominating Constructive Critique
I think the main problem here is the tree! The subject doesn't stand out as much as it could, if the background were cleaner. That said, I know you are limited to where you can stand and get the shot from.
As far as metering, the light doesn't usually change that much, so I'd take a reading before the action starts and use manual. That way, if you pan across different backgrounds, the exposure of the rider won't change even if the background brightness changes, and you can settle on an appropriate shutter speed/aperture combination and just worry about getting the shot.
If your camera supports it, you could even use auto ISO, as long as the background is fairly constant brightness, but personally, I'd stick to manual.
I'd also avoid flash for now, as it's another set of settings to worry about - just concentrate on getting the shot with what you have been using.
Nominating Constructive Critique
On review of my comment I would agree with Sooty_1 (Nick). Avoiding flash would be a good idea until you master ISO, metering, focusing etc and get consistent results with those first. To be honest I should probably do the same!
He also makes a very good point about trying to get a "clean background" but as you said you were limited to where you could stand. One thing to think about when shooting them in future though.
Nominating Constructive Critique
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Let's face it. J-Lo is still smokin' hot. She struts around the beach in bikinis built for a 20 year old and rocks the Red Carpet in a tight gown. For years, we were told that it was simply her hard work and dedication to Zumba.
She was outed after dropping a bottle of "Natural Garcinia Cambogia" at the airport yesterday, the super-supplement that Doctor Oz has called the "holy grail to weight loss." In doing a bit more research TMZ discovered two internet products that are helping women everywhere lose weight super fast. Over and over women are saying their sex life is better, they look and feel better, and their self confidence is higher than ever before. It has been featured on many popular TV shows.
Michele Noonan (TMZ) - By now you've probably heard of the newest "SuperFood" Garcinia Cambogia. It's been mentioned on TV as a "miracle in the medicine cabinet" and is responsible for tons of success stories of people who has used it and lost an average of 21 lbs in 4 weeks. Now it's being combined with all-natural Bio Cleanse for even more effective weight loss as published in a recent study.
Here at TMZ we were a bit skeptical whether or not the popular Natural Garcinia Cambogia actually worked. We decided to put these products to the test. What better way to find out the truth; we conducted our own case study!
To get started, I contacted the company for trial bottles of Natural Garcinia Cambogia for our case study. While there are many different suppliers of Garcinia Cambogia, Natural Garcinia Cambogia contains the only patented Garcinia Cambogia Extract on the market, supported by multiple published clinical studies. It's the purest and most potent Garcinia Cambogia out there. This trustworthy company offers a trial bottle of their products with reduced shipping and did not try to trick people into agreeing to additional hidden offers.
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Bio Cleanse contains the most potent patented Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 and Matrixyl on the market. Just like Natural Garcinia Cambogia, it comes from a top supplier and offers a trial bottle with reduced shipping.
Putting J-Lo's Diet-Combo to the Test
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1. Take two Natural Garcinia Cambogia pills per day2. Take one Bio Cleanse pill per day
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Best of all, I didn't even change anything about my diet or daily routine. On Day 7, I got on the scale and couldn't believe my eyes. I had lost 7.5lbs. But I still wasn't convinced, since they say you lose a
lot of water weight at the beginning of any diet. I wanted to wait and see the results in the upcoming weeks. But it sure was looking up! I now weighed under 150 pounds for the first time in years!
After two weeks of using the product, I started the week off with even more energy, and actually sleeping more soundly than before. I was no longer waking up during the night and tossing and turning because my body was actually able to relax ( this is a result of the reduced cortisol levels, I think). Plus I still managed to lose another 7 pounds, putting me at an unbelievable 14.5 lbs of weight loss, in just 2 weeks.
I must admit that I'm starting to believe that Natural Garcinia Cambogia is more than just a gimmick. My belly has shrunk!
After 3 weeks, all my doubts and skepticism had absolutely vanished! I am down 2 full dress sizes after losing another 6 pounds. And I still have a ton of energy. Quite often, around the third week of other diet pills, you tend to run out of steam. But with Natural Garcinia Cambogia my energy levels don't dip, instead they remain steady throughout the day. I no longer need a nap around 3pm in the afternoon!
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After the fourth week, my final results were shocking. I lost an unbelievable 27 lbs since starting Natural Garcinia Cambogia and Bio Cleanse! As you can see from the pictures, I lost most of it from my belly and around the waist. Everyone at Fit Mom Daily is kicking themselves for not having volunteered to be the guinea pig. Using Natural Garcinia Cambogia in week 4 I lost 6.5 more pounds. The results are
consistent! But to be honest, I really didn't have much more than that left to lose. I am definitely going to continue taking the pills afterwards because I'm continuing to lose weight and it suppresses my appetite really well.
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Good luck with your weight loss - Michele Noonan
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"One word: amazing! I look and most importantly feel like a totally different person. Not sure if to share this secret with my girlfriends or no..just kidding, already recommended it to everyone I know."Michele NoonanPhoenix, Arizona


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Thank you for participating in the 2015 Senior Living Conference!
2015 Floor Plan*
Exhibitor Move In:
Tuesday, September 29
7 a.m. to 8 a.m.
Exhibit Hours: (tentative)
Exhibits will be open during breakfast, morning breaks and lunch both Tuesday and Wednesday. Tuesday's exhibit times will also include the afternoon break.
Exhibitor Move Out:
Wednesday, September 30
1:15 p.m. – Please note you can leave your exhibit table set if you plan on attending the afternoon session that follows the lunch break. We do ask that all exhibits be removed by the start of the 3:00 p.m. session.
Hilton Lisle/Naperville
3003 Corporate West Drive
Lisle, IL 60532
Exhibits are placed in the atrium and common areas leading to the sessions.
If you are in need of a room during the Conference, please contact the Hilton Lisle/Naperville at 630.505.0900.
Exhibit Guidelines:
Exhibits are table top only. If space is needed for displaying your products that will not fit on the 6' skirted table or you have free standing signage, please contact me in writing prior to move in.
Exhibitor Badges:
Each exhibiting company received two staff badges. You will be receiving your Exhibitor Badge Request Form with your confirmation packet in July.
If you have any questions at all, please contact LeadingAge Illinois at 630.325.6170.
*subject to change


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As of Tuesday, January 29, 2013
© Copyright 2015 Gwinnett Daily Post
ATLANTA — House Speaker David Ralston has proposed legislation that would ban lobbyists from spending on individual elected officials in Georgia.
The Republican filed his proposal Tuesday, saying it's essential that the state Legislature maintain the public's trust.
Ralston said his legislation would generally ban lobbyists from spending money or giving gifts to elected officials. He said it would also restore the rulemaking authority of the state's ethics commission and require that more people officially register as lobbyists.
Right now, lobbyists can spend as much as they want to influence lawmakers and other officials as long as lobbyists disclose that spending. There are no spending limits.
The state Senate earlier this year passed a weak internal rule prohibiting gifts worth more than $100.
More like this story
- State House Speaker Ralston to propose lobbyist gift ban ( August 12, 2012 )
- New lobbying rules would prohibit airfare expenses ( February 14, 2013 )
- YARBROUGH: Speaker Ralston discusses proposed ethics legislation ( February 15, 2013 )
- Voters back limits on lobbyist spending ( July 31, 2012 )
- Lobbyists spend $1,225 in month on new Ga. speaker ( February 21, 2010 )
kevin 2 years, 5 months ago
This should be a no-brainer unless your elected officials are truly running for office just to reap freebies for the rest of their lives, at our expense.
Why_not 2 years, 5 months ago
Well, looks like "goods ole" David has had a change of heart. He used to love taking money from lobbyists.


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Tigers ground Eagles, lead league with Jags
Round one of the Los Lunas-Belen volleyball battles in 2013 went to the Tigers. But LLHS' three-set win over the Eagles Tuesday night did not come easily.
The Tigers won 25-13, 27-25, 25-20 at the Los Lunas High gym on the strength of a scrappy team performance that took away from the potential head-to-head matchup of senior outside hitters — Belen's Victoria Spragg and Los Lunas' Katie Inman.
Spragg had her moments, unleashing some awesome kills. But in the end, Inman and her Los Lunas teammates played more effectively, repeatedly digging balls and getting enough movement to consistently win points against Belen.
"I thought Belen played a great match," said LLHS coach Amy Bell. "They made us work to earn every point and didn't give us anything easy. We had to really work and play to win."
The two teams played even early on in set one. Tied 4-4, Los Lunas then went on a 15-5 run fueled somewhat by kills by Inman to take a 19-9 lead. After a mini-run by the Eagles, Los Lunas closed out with five straight points to take set one.
Belen came out focused in set two, taking a 7-4 lead early behind some solid set-and-hit moves. The two teams battled back and forth, the the Tigers went on a 9-2 run to take a 23-20 lead and appeared ready to close out the set. But the Eagles again rallied to tied the match at 23-23.
But Inman rallied the Tigers with a kill followed by a service ace by Miranda Jaramillo and a net violation by the Eagles that gave Los Lunas three points and the set with them.
The two teams battled evenly in set three, with Spragg again powering the Belen attack with some timely kills. The Eagles took a 13-10 lead but Los Lunas responded with a 12-5 run to take a 22-13 lead. Belen closed to 23-20 but Inman managed a tap shot to the middle followed by a thunderous kill to finish the set and the match.
"It was a competitive match, both teams played sharp and played well," said Eagles coach Dominick Romero. "It was toe-to-toe every set. They just made a few more plays, or a few less errors than what we made. They catch up with you, even those early errors. We're going to clean it up. But I'm proud of the way our girls are competing."
The Tigers followed up Tuesday's win at home with a solid three-set win at Grants. Los Lunas handed Grants their first district loss with a 25-19, 25-19, 25-21 win over the Lady Pirates to go to 6-6, 2-0 in league play.
The Tigers hosted Gallup at home Tuesday night before travelling to Gallup Miyamura Thursday night.
Belen followed their loss at Los Lunas with a tough five-set loss at Gallup High Thursday night. The Eagles dropped the first set 25-14 but rallied to take set two 25-21.
The Bengals took set three 25-20, but Belen bounced back to win set four 25-18 to force a decisive set five, which Gallup won 15-10 to take the match. The Eagles stand at 5-6 and 0-2 in district after the week's losses and travelled to Gallup Miyamura Tuesday. Belen hosts county rivals Valencia at home tonight at the BHS gym.
Valencia High opened District 6-4A play with a pair of matches on the road last week and kept pace with county rivals Los Lunas.
On Tuesday, the Jaguars claimed a five-set win on the road at Gallup High. The Jaguars won set one but lost the next two sets before roaring back to beat the Bengals 25-22, 22-25, 23-25, 25-21, 15-12.
Valencia then traveled back to Gallup on Thursday, sweeping Gallup Miyamura in a strong three-set win, 25-19,15-13, 25-13. With their pair of wins, the Jaguars moved to 8-3, 2-0 in league play.
Valencia hosted second- place Grants (7-4, 1-1) Tuesday night and a match at county rival Belen tonight at the Belen High School gym. Look for Web First report on the Valencia-Belen match to be posted at www.news-bulletin.com during the day Friday.


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Our Agents' Listings
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Immaculate 2 bedroom mobile situated in prestigious Meadow Highland Park. Offers unbeatable lifestyle. Fully fenced private yard on greenbelt. All measurements are approximate.
Listing information last updated on 11-Jul-2012 3:25 PM


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- Classes & Events
- Health Screenings
- Blood Pressure Screening
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Blood Pressure Screening
3rd Fridays
Come to a screening and have your blood pressure checked by our registered nurses.
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Pacific Pointe Retirement Village
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Chula Vista, CA 91910
Presented by Sharp Chula Vista Medical Center
Regular blood pressure monitoring is important for those with hypertension. Sharp registered nurses will be available to check your blood pressure at our free screenings.
No appointment is necessary.
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If you have questions about an event or anything else, our consumer information specialists are here to help you. Specialists are available Monday through Friday, 8 am to 6 pm to take your call. Call 1-800-82-SHARP (1-800-827-4277).
We have received your request. A consumer information specialist will contact you within one business day.
For help, call 1-800-82-SHARP.


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Pop Outerwear: Snow Tested, City Approved
By Samantha Durbin on January 30, 2012 10:22 AM
In the Bay Area, the lines between outdoor gear and city wear are blurry. There aren't many other places where you see an abundance of North Face jackets at bars and Lululemon pants on the bus. Come winter, when weekend warriors take a powder to get to powder in Tahoe, their clothes must be snow tested and city approved. Enter Pop Outerwear, a San Francisco-based company that designs for "the 9-to-5'ers that dream of snow."
What's the Deal: Saucony Originals, Line Trunk Show and more...
By Lorraine Sanders on October 09, 2009 9:04 AM
Wait until that deal come round...


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Practical Game Design with Unity and Playmaker
Practical Game Design with Unity and Playmaker
Book Details
About This Book
- Create artificial intelligence for a game using Playmaker
- Learn how to integrate a game with external APIs (Kongregate)
- Learn how to quickly develop games in Unity and Playmaker
- A step-by-step game development tutorial using AI scripting, external APIs and Multiplayer implementation
Who This Book Is For
This book is for animation artists and 3D artists, designers, and engineers who want to create interactive content with little or no programming. This book is also for game programmers who want to create a game from scratch in Unity and Playmaker. You are expected to have basic knowledge of game programming and Unity 3D.
Table of Contents
What You Will Learn
- Understand the Unity project structure and the component-based approach to game development.
- Master Unity and Playmaker's interface
- Utilize Unity and Playmaker to create game mechanics
- Implement networking and multiplayer using Photon Unity Networking via Playmaker
- Explore the basics of Unity scripting in JavaScript and C#
- Import and position a model in the scene
- Construct your own custom Playmaker actions
- Create a game from scratch and customize it
In Detail
Unity is a powerful yet intuitive game development tool and environment for creation of interactive 3D and 2D content. Playmaker is a flexible visual state machine editor and runtime library for Unity 3D that facilitates visual scripting for Unity 3D.
This book is a step-by-step tutorial that thoroughly explains how to make a game from scratch quickly and effortlessly. This books details the steps required to make a game in seven chapters, each of them examining one of the aspects of game development in the most practical and concise way possible.
This book starts by explaining you the component-based approach to game development. It then moves on to teach you how to use state machine's interface to make a game with minimum code and how to add AI and Photon networking to it. The book then progresses through helping you understand how to write a Kongregate API code and upload your game on it. The book finally ends up enabling you to make a complete web Multiplayer game in Unity and add an external API to it.


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Find hotels in Centerville using the list and search tools below. Find discounted hotel accommodations in or close to Centerville, IA for your upcoming individual or group travel. We show the best Centerville Iowa hotel rooms. Review the Centerville hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Centerville hotels. Booking 5+ Rooms? Find Centerville Group Hotel Discounts
Centerville Hotels & Accommodations
Next: See My Centerville Hotels with Pricing >


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YOU ARE VIEWING A 1949 CADILLAC SERIES 62 CONVERTIBLE. HAVING MODERNIZED THE ENTIRE LINE WITH ALL NEW BODIES IN 1948, CADILLAC COMPLETED THE MAKEOVER... More
Earth Motorcars is proud to offer this absolutely stunning 1949 Cadillac Series 62 Convertible . A symbol of status, this was the vehicle to... More
1949 Cadillac Series 62 sehr gute zustand !!!Cadillac is the brand which marked High Quality in the United States.And is used in other comparable... More


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Animals Matter
See what Express-News pets columnist Cathy M. Rosenthal has to say about animals.
Monthly Archive for March, 2006
Common Sense and Compassion
Conservationists want to save species. Horse breeders want to breed champions. Food producers want to create healthier meat. And they all hope to accomplish this someday by cloning animals. There is much debate over cloning, for reasons I agree and disagree with. I agree with the conservationists, especially when I think about having the ability […] [Read More]
Adopting an Older Pet
I meet all sorts of people in my line of work. Mostly people who love animals and who say they could never work at an animal shelter because they would want to take them all home. Of course, reality prevents that from happening to people who actually work at shelters. You soon find that every […] [Read More]
The Dog Whisperer
I went to a seminar this weekend featuring Cesar Milan, the Dog Whisperer. His show is on the National Geographic channel on Fridays at 7 p.m. CST. Cesar came ready to please the crowd: he didn't mind prancing around on stage like a nervous dog or wistfully swishing his shoulders and hips to display the […] [Read More]
Doing What's Right for People and Pets
Doug Fakkema is leaving San Antonio this morning after spending a week at the city's Animal Care Services. He will write a report and send it to the city covering all the recommendations he feels Animal Care Services needs to make, both for the animals and the staff. Hopefully, we won't have to wait long […] [Read More]
The Dogs Who Survived the Fire
I was just reading about the woman who died earlier this week in a house fire and about the dogs who survived her. In a San Antonio Express-News article, the City's Animal Care Services animal control officer said that the dogs will probably be put down if relatives don't claim them. What surprised me was […] [Read More]
Getting Rid of Catchpoles
Cindy Healer is not even on the job yet, but the city is reaping the benefits of her expertise. Even though she is still employed at the Humane Society, she visited Animal Care Services on Monday to do a walk-through with Doug Fakkema, the trainer the City brought in to help the staff learn about […] [Read More]
Cindy Healer Accepts Position as City Shelter Manager
In my last blog, I mentioned that a friend had told me she was accepting the position as Shelter Manager for the City's Animal Care Services. Per her request, I waited until today to reveal her name publicly, even though I know some animal groups in town may already have learned of her decision. That […] [Read More]
City Hires Shelter Manager
I received some good news about what's next for Animal Care Services. They have hired a new shelter manager with loads of experience in the animal welfare field. I asked Sam Sanchez why it has taken so long to find the right person for this position — more than a year. Sam's response was that […] [Read More]
Some Changes That Have Been Made
Someone in a previous posting to this blog asked why is it that changes are only made when Animal Care Services is in the news? I think this is true of any issue. If it's in the news, then it's on people's mind. That's when people talk and share their opinions. But I know of […] [Read More]
Bias asked to observe Animal Care procedures
I just got off the phone with James Bias, President of the SPCA of Texas in Dallas (and former executive director for the Humane Society SPCA of Bexar County). He said he was in Anaheim, California, last week at the Humane Society of the United States Expo conference, when he received a call from Sam […] [Read More]
Show More


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Emma's Flugel joy with Oddfellows Brass
Posted: November 20, 2012|
On Sunday November 11th 2012 Oddfellows Brass flugel player Emma Morris
walked away from the Gloucester Brass Band Association Contest with the
prestigious prize of 'Best Flugel Player' in the Category 'A' Section.
This means she beat off older and more experienced players from both
Section One AND Championship Section bands! The test piece, Tallis
Variations is notorious for its challenging parts for flugel and Eb
Emma joined the MARKFIELD based band in February 2012 and has already
enjoyed huge successes and has showcased various solo items in concerts
in concerts around the country, most recently at Peterlee in County
Durham where she played the now famous 'Orange Juice' as featured in the
film 'Brassed Off' (real name of the piece is 'Concerto de Aranjuez'),
at an Oddfellows Branch charity concert.
Emma can be heard at the Oddfellows Brass Christmas Concert on December
1st at the Charnwood Road Baptist Church in Shepshed, Loughborough,
Leics.. 7pm start. Tickets on the door are Adult £5.00 and children
under 16 £3.00.
for band details email firstname.lastname@example.com


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FOR MORE INFORMATION, contact Rebecca Sylvester at 706/828-2394.
AUGUSTA, GA. (July 1, 2010) – Tis the season for increased falls, cuts, scrapes and burns, especially in children. University Registered Nurse Beth Barranco urges parents to follow good wound care guidelines.
First and foremost, clean cuts and scrapes gently with cool water and a mild soap. "Do not use alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or iodine as they can actually harm the skin and delay healing," Ms. Barranco said. "Apply an antibiotic cream to keep the wound moist and prevent infection, and cover the wound with a bandage to keep out bacteria and possible infection."
For burns, immediately cool the burned area with cool running water or a cold rag. This will keep the skin from holding in the heat and continuing to burn. "Afterward, wash the burn with soap and water and dress it lightly," Ms. Barranco said. "Leave any blisters that form alone -- they help to protect the skin as it heals."
It is important to monitor wounds for infection, she said. Look for the following:
If you have any of these signs, you should call your physician, Ms. Barranco said. You should also consult a physician if the wound:
Also see a doctor if you aren't sure if you're up-to-date on your tetanus vaccine.
For more information on wound care, contact ASK-A-NURSE at 706.737.8423. For daily updates, follow Beth on Facebook at www.facebook.com/bbarrancoRN


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The A8-4500M makes a good gaming laptop. If based purely on processing power, the A8-4500M is about as fast as an Intel Core i3 Ivy Bridge processor. When comparing game performance, however, it does better than even the Core i5 processor because its Radeon HD 7610M on-chip graphics is superior to the i5's HD4000 on-chip graphics.
5.3lbs; 15.6" 1366x768; AMD Quad-Core A8-4500M 1.9GHz; 4GB RAM; 500GB HDD; DVD burner; 802.11n; Windows 7 Home Premium; AMD Radeon 7640G; USB 3.0; 6-cell battery; 1yr warranty


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Latest Articles
Wolves have completed the signing of Adam Le Fondre on a season-long loan
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Wolves have completed the signing of Adam Le Fondre on a season-long loan from Cardiff.
Rafael has agreed to move to Lyon from Manchester United
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Brazilian right-back Rafael has agreed to move to Lyon from Manchester United.
All Articles
Chelsea secured back-to-back Barclays Premier League titles under Mourinho's last regime, not to mention winning the FA Cup and also the League Cup twice.
However, since his acrimonious departure in September 2007, the Blues have also endured more than their fair share of negative headlines - from air rifles fired in the training ground dressing room to John Terry's bust-up with former team-mate Wayne Bridge and subsequent race row with Anton Ferdinand.
Former Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson, who is very close to Mourinho, often lamented the rise of player power within the modern game and the Portuguese sees no issue with maintaining the image of the club during his second tenure after agreeing a four-year deal to return following his departure from Real Madrid.
"What Sir Alex says in relation to football and management is doctrine, it is the bible, so if he says that (about player power) with so many years of experience, I think he is correct," said the new Chelsea boss.
Mourinho, who won the Champions League for a third time when manager at Inter Milan after leaving England, continued: "There is something I say whenever I go to a new club and I am going to say it again when I meet the players on July 8 - and some of the boys will have heard it before from me.
"It is a sentence I always say on the first day: 'If you are a top professional, if you are not a selfish person, if you put the club in front of yourself and if you are here to work 100 per cent for me, for your fellow players and for the club, then we will have a wonderful relationship.
"If you are selfish, if you think about yourself and you don't care about the club, don't care about the image, if you don't care about the fans then we are in big trouble, so it depends on you if the relationship is fantastic or if it is not fantastic.'
"Sometimes you have groups that adapt to this in a very easy way; sometimes you have groups that it becomes like a doctrine, and everything is easy.
"Sometimes you have a couple of guys that are not too keen to accept these kind of rules and this is where you have some problematic relationships, and the club in that moment either supports the problematic player or the manager.
"If the clubs supports the manager the two little guys - gone, easy."
Despite history proving second comings do not always turn out for the best, the man who once famously described himself as a
'Special One' sees no reason why he cannot break the mould.
"These are like urban myths, football dogmas," said Mourinho, who earlier this week moved to bring in 22-year-old Germany forward Andre Schurrle from Bayer Leverkusen as the club looks towards the future.
"The club knows me, I know the club. I don't think this should work negatively, I think this should be a plus not a minus.
"I come here now and it's completely different than if I arrived in a club for the first time. It should be a plus, something that helps us to do it well.
"I am feeling I am coming back - it is my dugout, where I never lost a match, my stadium, my dressing room, it is my office at Cobham with the same table.
"Emotionally you get it, but from a pure professional point of view it is not different to arriving at a new club, it is the same ambitions.
"I don't want people to think that this is comfortable for me - it is more difficult, and that is what I want."
Click here for completely free £10 bet with Sky Bet


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Michael De Leon
Michael A. De Leon is a graphic designer by day, but wears many hats in his off time. In 2004, after several years of covering the Spurs, he started Project Spurs, a Spurs team fansite as an outlet to provide content to Spurs fans, while continuing to write for himself and learning the ins and outs of online publishing and web design. He has since built a writing team and started a popular weekly Spurs podcast called the Spurscast.
Posts filtered on Tag
Video: Gervin discusses old school NBA, favorite players, and more
by: Jose Grijalva George Gervin isn't shy about representing his San Antonio Spurs, especially at a big social occasion like NBA All-Star Weekend. The "Iceman" discussed various topics on "The Beat", which included the style of play in today's NBA compared to when he played and also his favorite players in the league. The highlights […] [Read More]
2013 NBA All-Star Weekend Guide
With plenty of representation in Houston for All-Star Weekend, Project Spurs is providing a 2013 NBA All-Star Weekend Guide highlighting the current and former San Antonio Spurs players competing in different events throughout the weekend. We are presenting the guide free of charge to our readers in a digital magazine format that you can read […] [Read More]
Bonner Wants In On 3-Point Shooting Contest
by: Jose Grijalva Matt Bonner has heard the cry of his faithful fans about the #LetBonnerShoot campaign and he's come out with his response: he wants in All-Star weekend. In an article he wrote for SLAM Online, Bonner talks about his early years playing for the Toronto Raptors and now the San Antonio Spurs and […] [Read More]
Supporters want league to "Let Bonner Shoot"
by: Jose Grijalva Not seeing a lot of minutes this season, you'd think Matt Bonner wouldn't be talked about too much this year. The San Antonio Spurs' newfound depth with an emerging Tiago Splitter starting next to Tim Duncan and an occasional dose of small ball with Stephen Jackson has forced Bonner to see limited […] [Read More]
Spurs' Neal on going to All-Star weekend, crossing up Blair
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs During the Rodeo Road Trip, I got a chance to speak to San Antonio Spurs rookie guard Gary Neal in Philadelphia about him participating in tonight's T-Mobile Rookie Challenge and come to find out, this will mark his first time ever going to the All-Star weekend, let alone participating in it. "It's […] [Read More]


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ESPN The Magazine
The Fight Issue Artwork
We were commissioned by ESPN The Magazine to create full page illustrations for their annual Fight Issue. The client wanted to evoke the feeling of vintage fight posters while making sure that the illustrations still felt contemporary. We created art for articles about Floyd "Money" Mayweather, Saul "Canelo" Alvarez, Luchadores Los Exoticos and Heavyweight Champ Vitali Klistchko.
Client: Anna Mae Bread Co. Project: Branding Packaging Design & Printing Year: 2010 : Shana from Anna Mae Southern Bread Co. approached us to craft a visual identity for her...
Client: Becca Spears Photography Project: Re-Branding & Lettermark Business Cards & Website Year: 2011 : For this re-branding project, we created a new mark for Becca Spears Photography that we...
Client: Blåvarg Photography Project: Logo Design Collateral Materials Year:2011 : New York based photographer, Susanna Blåvarg approached us to create a simple mark and typographic treatment for her printed business...


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I'm Ryan, an interactive art director & designer.
I believe in creating systems that solve problems, and look beautiful doing it. I think that great work comes from great client relationships. And really, I just like to make things. I also like these, this, and a whole lotta this. Need some creds? Download this.


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Posts tagged Angry Birds
Download Angry Birds RIO free version now available in Android Market
Mar 31st
Company Rovio Mobile today made available for free download from the Android Market its regular bird "saga" of the evil birds – Angry Birds Rio, which had previously been available exclusively on Amazon Appstore.
Again, that storyline Angry Birds Rio begins with the fact that the original evil birds have been kidnapped and transported to the magical city of Rio, where they ultimately commit escape in order to find and rescue his friends and Blu Jewel – two rare parrots and macaws stars RIO upcoming animated film from Fox motion picture. This film will be released on wide screens on April More >
Angry Birds Rio Review
Mar 29th
The game a lot of us have been waiting for came out early this morning in the form of "Angry Birds Rio." Its available exclusively through Amazons brand new App store which also opened this morning. Personally, I'm a huge Angry Birds fan, I'll admit it. I was really excited to get over to the new marketplace and snatch this up. After installing the new marketplace and loading the game up, it was time for some action. Was it worth the wait….yes it was.
Ever since Angry Birds was released back in late 2009, it's been on a steady track to dominate More >
Angry Birds Rio Free on Amazon App Store
Mar 23rd
Amazon just launched their own App Store and what better way to kick things off than with some brand new bird-slinging fun? That's right, Angry Birds Rio is here and what price could be better than free!
Angry Birds Rio is normally going to set you back a grand total of $0.99 but Amazon is offering it up for free for a limited time so head on over to the Amazon App Store and check it out!
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Angry Birds Rio for Android to Launch as Amazon Exclusive
Mar 15th
Posted by Jane in News & Updates
Rovio, the developer behind the wildly successful Angry Birds franchise, announced on Monday that its forthcoming Android title Angry Birds Rio for Android will launch exclusively in the Amazon Appstore. Amazon announced in January that its app store, which will rival Google's own Android Market on the Android platform, was open for developer submissions. The exclusive deal with Rovio marks Amazon's first major coup in the space, as the title is expected to be a wildly popular game for Android. "The Android platform has seen phenomenal growth, and it's great that new avenues for app distribution are opening up," said More >
Angry Birds Rio for Android debuts at Amazon Appstore
Mar 15th
The Finnish company Rovio Mobile has announced that the release of her highly anticipated game Angry Birds Rio for the Android platform and is based upon the animated movie RIO held on exclusive rights on the Amazon Appstore.
Angry Birds Rio will be available for download on the Android smart phones and tablets at amazon.com / angrybirds.
The game's plot Angry Birds Rio begins with the fact that the original evil birds have been kidnapped and transported to the magical city of Rio, where they ultimately commit escape in order to find and rescue his friends and Blu Jewel – Two rare macaw More >
March 17 waiting for a new series for Angry Birds Seasons?
Mar 9th
Company Rovio Mobile has posted on his YouTube channel dedicated to a new teaser video episode, which will be presented as part of its mobile version of the Angry Birds Seasons.
The new part will be called «Go Green, Get Lucky» and is dedicated to St. Patrick's Day, celebrated on March 17. We can conclude that the yield in the world "game of the series will take place just on this day. But we are still left to contemplate the graphics and gameplay that awaits us in the "green part".
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Battery drains on droid Angry birds android download Free themes for android Swype beta download htc More >