text:
Real-Time Weather Data Access Guide: Updated February 2006
Long, N.
The format of the weather data received from the National Weather Service is extremely inconvenient for building engineers to read, especially for trending historical data; therefore, a weather parsing program was created by NREL building engineers to simplify the data. The weather-parsing program collects current weather conditions for over 4,000 sites around the world and allows access to the data via a web page designed by NREL building researchers. The database provides data for some locations from late 1998 through today. Users can request data to be sent to them via e-mail by using the interactive web page.
Integration of Real-Time Data Into Building Automation Systems
Mark J. Stunder; Perry Sebastian; Brenda A. Chube; Michael D. Koontz
The project goal was to investigate the possibility of using predictive real-time information from the Internet as an input to building management system algorithms. The objectives were to identify the types of information most valuable to commercial and residential building owners, managers, and system designers. To comprehensively investigate and document currently available electronic real-time information suitable for use in building management systems. Verify the reliability of the information and recommend accreditation methods for data and providers. Assess methodologies to automatically retrieve and utilize the information. Characterize equipment required to implement automated integration. Demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of using the information in building management systems. Identify evolutionary control strategies.
Integrating Security and Real-Time Requirements Using Covert
Son, Sang H.
ÐConcurrency control, covert channel analysis, database systems, locking protocols, multilevel security, real secure database systems use an access control mechanism based on the Bell- LaPadula model [3]. This model. Multilevel security requirements introduce a new dimension to transaction processing in real-time database
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
REAL-TIME ACTIVE PIPELINE INTEGRITY DETECTION (RAPID) SYSTEM FOR CORROSION DETECTION detection Acellent has developed a Real-time Active Pipeline Integrity Detection (RAPID) system. The RAPID system utilizes a sensor network permanently bonded to the pipeline structure along with in
iDSRT: Integrated Dynamic Soft Real-time Architecture for Critical Infrastructure Data
Nahrstedt, Klara
processor and sent over a wired/wireless LAN. End-to-end delay of PMU data has to be guaran- teed for realiDSRT: Integrated Dynamic Soft Real-time Architecture for Critical Infrastructure Data email@example.com University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL 61801, USA Abstract. The real-time control data
header for SPIE use Real-Time Weather Data on Terrain
Shaw, Chris
behave in the presence of hills or mountains and other features. Keywords: Real-time visualization into a global geospatial structure based on a forest of quadtrees [Dav98, Dav99, Fau00]. Even the volumetric
Real-time MRI-Guided Needle Placement Robot with Integrated Fiber Optic Force Sensing
Camesano, Terri
the robot mechanism, controller design, optical modeling and opto-mechanical design of the force sensor. MRI Control Box Needle Driver Module Cartesian Stage Module Piezoelectric Actuators Robot Fig. 1. (LeftReal-time MRI-Guided Needle Placement Robot with Integrated Fiber Optic Force Sensing Hao Su
A Framework for Integrating real-time MRI with Robot Control: Application to Simulated
Azevedo, Ricardo
1 A Framework for Integrating real-time MRI with Robot Control: Application to Simulated applications in urology [2], cardiac ablation with fluoroscopy guided Sensei robotic catheter system (Hansen interventional paradigms including image-guided robot assistance. Most often the use of an intraoperative imaging
An integrated system for real-time Model Predictive Control of humanoid robots
Todorov, Emanuel
this goal. The automatic controller is based on real-time model-predictive control (MPC) applied to the full. The resulting composite cost is sent to the MPC machinery which constructs a new locally-optimal time- varying-based optimal control is called Model-Predictive Control (MPC), an approach that relies on real-time trajectory
Integrating Preemption Threshold Scheduling and Dynamic Voltage Scaling for Energy Efficient Real-Time
Gupta, Rajesh
scheduling (PTS) enables designing scalable real-time systems. PTS not only decreases the run-time overhead by the Earliest Dead- line First (EDF) policy. We present an algorithm to compute threshold preemption levels- tion is an important aspect of embedded systems design. Generally speaking, the pro- cessor consumes
Integrating Redundancy Management and Real-time Services for Ultra Reliable Control Systems
Younis, Mohamed
that their functional semantic is coupled with temporal correctness. Not only the embedded computer needs to perform with that algorithm. Some of the real-time applications are also safety-critical and require high level of reliability and fault-tolerance to ensure uninterrupted service that might risk the safety of the system. Avionics
PhotoVoltaic distributed generation for Lanai power grid real-time simulation and control integration scenario.
Robinett, Rush D., III; Kukolich, Keith (Opal RT Technologies, Montreal, Quebec, Canada); Wilson, David Gerald; Schenkman, Benjamin L.
This paper discusses the modeling, analysis, and testing in a real-time simulation environment of the Lanai power grid system for the integration and control of PhotoVoltaic (PV) distributed generation. The Lanai Island in Hawaii is part of the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative (HCEI) to transition to 30% renewable green energy penetration by 2030. In Lanai the primary loads come from two Castle and Cook Resorts, in addition to residential needs. The total peak load profile is 12470 V, 5.5 MW. Currently there are several diesel generators that meet these loading requirements. As part of the HCEI, Lanai has initially installed 1.2 MW of PV generation. The goal of this study has been to evaluate the impact of the PV with respect to the conventional carbon-based diesel generation in real time simulation. For intermittent PV distributed generation, the overall stability and transient responses are investigated. A simple Lanai 'like' model has been developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment (see Fig. 1) and to accommodate real-time simulation of the hybrid power grid system the Opal-RT Technologies RT-Lab environment is used. The diesel generators have been modelled using the SimPowerSystems toolbox swing equations and a custom Simulink module has been developed for the High level PV generation. All of the loads have been characterized primarily as distribution lines with series resistive load banks with one VAR load bank. Three-phase faults are implemented for each bus. Both conventional and advanced control architectures will be used to evaluate the integration of the PV onto the current power grid system. The baseline numerical results include the stable performance of the power grid during varying cloud cover (PV generation ramping up/down) scenarios. The importance of assessing the real-time scenario is included.
Mercury + VisIt: Integration of a Real-Time Graphical Analysis Capability into a Monte Carlo Transport Code
O'Brien, M J; Procassini, R J; Joy, K I
Validation of the problem definition and analysis of the results (tallies) produced during a Monte Carlo particle transport calculation can be a complicated, time-intensive processes. The time required for a person to create an accurate, validated combinatorial geometry (CG) or mesh-based representation of a complex problem, free of common errors such as gaps and overlapping cells, can range from days to weeks. The ability to interrogate the internal structure of a complex, three-dimensional (3-D) geometry, prior to running the transport calculation, can improve the user's confidence in the validity of the problem definition. With regard to the analysis of results, the process of extracting tally data from printed tables within a file is laborious and not an intuitive approach to understanding the results. The ability to display tally information overlaid on top of the problem geometry can decrease the time required for analysis and increase the user's understanding of the results. To this end, our team has integrated VisIt, a parallel, production-quality visualization and data analysis tool into Mercury, a massively-parallel Monte Carlo particle transport code. VisIt provides an API for real time visualization of a simulation as it is running. The user may select which plots to display from the VisIt GUI, or by sending VisIt a Python script from Mercury. The frequency at which plots are updated can be set and the user can visualize the simulation results as it is running.
Integration of space weather into space situational awareness
Reeves, Geoffrey D [Los Alamos National Laboratory
Rapid assessment of space weather effects on satellites is a critical step in anomaly resolution and satellite threat assessment. That step, however, is often hindered by a number of factors including timely collection and delivery of space weather data and the inherent com plexity of space weather information. As part of a larger, integrated space situational awareness program, Los Alamos National Laboratory has developed prototype operational space weather tools that run in real time and present operators with customized, user-specific information. The Dynamic Radiation Environment Assimilation Model (DREAM) focuses on the penetrating radiation environment from natural or nuclear-produced radiation belts. The penetrating radiation environment is highly dynamic and highly orbit-dependent. Operators often must rely only on line plots of 2 MeV electron flux from the NOAA geosynchronous GOES satellites which is then assumed to be representative of the environment at the satellite of interest. DREAM uses data assimilation to produce a global, real-time, energy dependent specification. User tools are built around a distributed service oriented architecture (SOA) which will allow operators to select any satellite from the space catalog and examine the environment for that specific satellite and time of interest. Depending on the application operators may need to examine instantaneous dose rates and/or dose accumulated over various lengths of time. Further, different energy thresholds can be selected depending on the shielding on the satellite or instrument of interest. In order to rapidly assess the probability that space weather was the cause of anomalous operations, the current conditions can be compared against the historical distribution of radiation levels for that orbit. In the simplest operation a user would select a satellite and time of interest and immediately see if the environmental conditions were typical, elevated, or extreme based on how often those conditions occur in that orbit. This allows users to rapidly rule in or out environmental causes of anomalies. The same user interface can also allow users to drill down for more detailed quantitative information. DREAM can be run either from a distributed web-based user interface or as a stand-alone application for secure operations. In this paper we discuss the underlying structure of the DREAM model and demonstrate the user interface that we have developed . We also present some prototype data products and user interfaces for DREAM and discuss how space environment information can be seamlessly integrated into operational SSA systems.
AMPS, a real-time mesoscale modeling system, has provided a decade of service for scientific and logistical needs and has helped advance polar numerical weather prediction
Howat, Ian M.
and logistical needs and has helped advance polar numerical weather prediction as well as understanding support for the USAP. The concern at the time was the numerical weather prediction (NWP) guidance-time implementation of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF; Skamarock et al. 2008) to support the U
Near Real-Time Push Middleware
Mal, Siddhartha Byron
Integration of �Near Real-Time Push Middleware� o Performance characterization and comparison with TuVista � DOE/LADWP Smart Grid
Malmberg, Anders
to the forecast information since satellite data on a close to real-time basis provide detailed information to an extreme weather area. The satellite data indicated some severe weather conditions while the forecast did the assimilation in real-time in contrast to methods where data are assembled in batches and are as- similated
Real Time Grid Reliability Management 2005
Eto, Joe
SCE, W APA, PG&E Data � PDC � PI Interface frequency dataIntegration of CA ISO PDC with Arbiters California Real-TimePhasor Data Concentrator (PDC) receives data from PMUs in
Real time automated inspection
Fant, K.M.; Fundakowski, R.A.; Levitt, T.S.; Overland, J.E.; Suresh, B.R.; Ulrich, F.W.
A method and apparatus are described relating to the real time automatic detection and classification of characteristic type surface imperfections occurring on the surfaces of material of interest such as moving hot metal slabs produced by a continuous steel caster. A data camera transversely scans continuous lines of such a surface to sense light intensities of scanned pixels and generates corresponding voltage values. The voltage values are converted to corresponding digital values to form a digital image of the surface which is subsequently processed to form an edge-enhanced image having scan lines characterized by intervals corresponding to the edges of the image. The edge-enhanced image is thresholded to segment out the edges and objects formed by the edges by interval matching and bin tracking. Features of the objects are derived and such features are utilized to classify the objects into characteristic type surface imperfections. 43 figs.
Visualizations for Real-time Pricing Demonstration
Marinovici, Maria C.; Hammerstrom, Janelle L.; Widergren, Steven E.; Dayley, Greg K.
In this paper, the visualization tools created for monitoring the operations of a real-time pricing demonstration system that runs at a distribution feeder level are presented. The information these tools provide gives insights into demand behavior from automated price responsive devices, distribution feeder characteristics, impact of weather on system�s development, and other significant dynamics. Given the large number of devices that bid into a feeder-level real-time electricity market, new techniques are explored to summarize the present state of the system and contrast that with previous trends as well as future projections. To better understand the system behavior and correctly inform decision-making procedures, effective visualization of the data is imperative.
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and the variations in atmospheric conditions that produce weather. The Weather Machine, LANL's meteorological monitoring program, supports Laboratory operations and...
Real Time Grid Reliability Management 2005
Eto, Joe; Eto, Joe; Lesieutre, Bernard; Lewis, Nancy Jo; Parashar, Manu
The increased need to manage California?s electricity grid in real time is a result of the ongoing transition from a system operated by vertically-integrated utilities serving native loads to one operated by an independent system operator supporting competitive energy markets. During this transition period, the traditional approach to reliability management -- construction of new transmission lines -- has not been pursued due to unresolved issues related to the financing and recovery of transmission project costs. In the absence of investments in new transmission infrastructure, the best strategy for managing reliability is to equip system operators with better real-time information about actual operating margins so that they can better understand and manage the risk of operating closer to the edge. A companion strategy is to address known deficiencies in offline modeling tools that are needed to ground the use of improved real-time tools. This project: (1) developed and conducted first-ever demonstrations of two prototype real-time software tools for voltage security assessment and phasor monitoring; and (2) prepared a scoping study on improving load and generator response models. Additional funding through two separate subsequent work authorizations has already been provided to build upon the work initiated in this project.
Groupware for Real-Time Drawing: A Designer's Guide
Greenberg, Saul
Groupware for Real-Time Drawing: A Designer's Guide Saul Greenberg Stephen Hayne Roy Rada Cite as: Greenberg, S., Hayne, S., and Rada, R., eds (1995). Groupware for Real-Time Drawing: A Designer's Guide. 248 (Wolf, Rhyne, Briggs) 6. Integration of interpersonal space and shared workspace: ClearBoard design
Accuracy of near real time updates in wind power forecasting
Heinemann, Detlev
· advantage: no NWP data necessary very actual shortest term forecasts possible · wind power inputAccuracy of near real time updates in wind power forecasting with regard to different weather October 2007 #12;EMS/ECAM 2007 Nadja Saleck Outline · Study site · Wind power forecasting - method
Weather forecast-based optimization of integrated energy systems.
Zavala, V. M.; Constantinescu, E. M.; Krause, T.; Anitescu, M.
In this work, we establish an on-line optimization framework to exploit detailed weather forecast information in the operation of integrated energy systems, such as buildings and photovoltaic/wind hybrid systems. We first discuss how the use of traditional reactive operation strategies that neglect the future evolution of the ambient conditions can translate in high operating costs. To overcome this problem, we propose the use of a supervisory dynamic optimization strategy that can lead to more proactive and cost-effective operations. The strategy is based on the solution of a receding-horizon stochastic dynamic optimization problem. This permits the direct incorporation of economic objectives, statistical forecast information, and operational constraints. To obtain the weather forecast information, we employ a state-of-the-art forecasting model initialized with real meteorological data. The statistical ambient information is obtained from a set of realizations generated by the weather model executed in an operational setting. We present proof-of-concept simulation studies to demonstrate that the proposed framework can lead to significant savings (more than 18% reduction) in operating costs.
Arnold Schwarzenegger REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY
Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT California ISO Real Laboratory Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions APPENDIXC October 2008 CEC-500 (VSA) prototype to monitor system voltage conditions and provide real time dispatchers with reliability
Jones, Michelle
, Wooster, Ohio 2 Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 3 Ashland University, Ashland, Ohio OVERVIEW AND PRINCIPLES The real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) is a recent
Convex Optimization: from Real-Time Embedded
Hall, Julian
Convex Optimization: from Real-Time Embedded to Large-Scale Distributed Stephen Boyd Neal Parikh of Edinburgh, June 25 2014 1 #12;Outline Convex Optimization Real-Time Embedded Optimization Large-Scale Distributed Optimization Summary 2 #12;Outline Convex Optimization Real-Time Embedded Optimization Large
Residential Real-time Price Response Simulation
Widergren, Steven E.; Subbarao, Krishnappa; Chassin, David P.; Fuller, Jason C.; Pratt, Robert G.
The electric industry is gaining experience with innovative price responsive demand pilots and limited roll-outs to customers. One of these pilots is investigating real-time pricing signals to engage end-use systems and local distributed generation and storage in a distributed optimization process. Attractive aspects about the approach include strong scalability characteristics, simplified interfaces between automation devices, and the adaptability to integrate a wide variety of devices and systems. Experience in this nascent field is revealing a rich array of for engineering decisions and the application of complexity theory. To test the decisions, computer simulations are used to reveal insights about design, demand elasticity, and the limits of response (including consumer fatigue). Agent-based approaches lend themselves well in the simulation to modeling the participation and interaction of each piece of equipment on a distribution feeder. This paper discusses rate design and simulation experiences at the distribution feeder level where consumers and their HVAC systems and water heaters on a feeder receive real-time pricing signals.
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched FerromagnetismWaste and Materials Disposition3 WaterFebruary 18,theWeather Weather We
Web-Interactive Integration of Regional Weather Networks for Risk Management of Late Blight in Potato Canopies
Douches, David S.
in Potato Canopies Kathleen M. Baker Department of Earth and Resource Science, University of Michigan of Late Blight in Potato Canopies Additional index words. Phytophthora infestans, automated weather stations, real time estimates Abstract: Management of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) of potato
E-Print Network 3.0 - accurate real-time pcr Sample Search Results
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Centre Collection: Biology and Medicine 19 The University of New Mexico An NSF Integrative Graduate Summary: and Technology Park Real-Time PCR Assays for Sensitive Detection...
Improving Building Performance at Urban Scale with a Framework for Real-time Data Sharing
Pang, Xiufeng; Hong, Tianzhen; Piette, Mary Ann
This paper describes work in progress toward an urban-scale system aiming to reduce energy use in neighboring buildings by providing three components: a database for accessing past and present weather data from high quality weather stations; a network for communicating energy-saving strategies between building owners; and a set of modeling tools for real-time building energy simulation.
Arnold Schwarzenegger REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY
Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT Prototype Phasor-Based Real Reliability Technology Solutions APPENDIXE October 2008 CEC-500-2008-049-APE #12;#12;Prepared By: Lawrence in this report. #12;Slide 0 Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions Real-Time Dynamics
Designing Distributed, Real-Time Systems
Mills, Kevin
- - Designing Distributed, Real-Time Systems Kevin L. Mills INFT 796 SUMMER 1993 DIRECTED READINGS IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING WITH DR. H. GOMAA GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY #12;Designing Distributed, Real-Time Systems problem faced by designers of software systems, and particularly by designers of distributed, real
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
A REAL-TIME AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION ARCHITECTURE Gang Chen, Thierry Fraichard and Luis Martinez for autonomous navigation: perception, localisation, mapping, real-time motion planning and motion tracking. INTRODUCTION Autonomous navigation requires to solve a num- ber of challenging problems in domains as dif
A heterogeneous hierarchical architecture for real-time computing
Skroch, D.A.; Fornaro, R.J.
The need for high-speed data acquisition and control algorithms has prompted continued research in the area of multiprocessor systems and related programming techniques. The result presented here is a unique hardware and software architecture for high-speed real-time computer systems. The implementation of a prototype of this architecture has required the integration of architecture, operating systems and programming languages into a cohesive unit. This report describes a Heterogeneous Hierarchial Architecture for Real-Time (H{sup 2} ART) and system software for program loading and interprocessor communication.
Solar Real-Time Pricing: Is Real-Time Electricity Pricing Beneficial...
to Solar PV in New York City? Solar Real-Time Pricing: Is Real-Time Electricity Pricing Beneficial to Solar PV in New York City? The goal of this study is to evaluate the...
Real-Time Traffic Information for Emergency Evacuations
Franzese, Oscar [ORNL] [ORNL; Zhang, Li [Mississippi State University (MSU)] [Mississippi State University (MSU); Mahmoud, Anas M. [Mississippi State University (MSU)] [Mississippi State University (MSU)
There are many instances in which it is possible to plan ahead for an emergency evacuation (e.g., a chemical processing facility explosion). For those cases, if an accident were to happen, then the best evacuation plan for the prevailing network and weather conditions would be deployed. In other cases (e.g., the derailment of a train transporting hazardous materials), there may not be any previously developed plan to be implemented, and decisions must be made ad-hoc on how to proceed with an emergency evacuation. In both situations, the availability of real-time traffic information plays a critical role in the management of the evacuation operations. Due to cost constraints, only large urban areas have traffic sensor deployments that permit access to some sort of real-time traffic information; an evacuation taking place in other areas of the country would have to proceed without real-time traffic information. In order to improve operations during a vehicular emergency evacuation anywhere, a system of sensors that uses newly developed real-time traffic-information-gathering technologies to assess traffic conditions and to detect incidents on the main evacuation routes is presented in this paper. A series of tests, both in a controlled environment and in the field, were conducted to study the feasibility of such a system of traffic sensors and to assess its ability to provide real-time traffic information during an emergency evacuation. The results of these tests indicated that the prototype sensors are reliable and accurate for the type of application that is the focus of this paper.
Real-Time Combined Heat and Power Operational Strategy Using a Hierarchical Optimization Algorithm
Yun, Kyung Tae; Cho, Heejin; Luck, Rogelio; Mago, Pedro J.
Existing attempts to optimize the operation of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems for building applications have two major limitations: the electrical and thermal loads are obtained from historical weather profiles; and the CHP system models ignore transient responses by using constant equipment efficiencies. This paper considers the transient response of a building combined with a hierarchical CHP optimal control algorithm to obtain a real-time integrated system that uses the most recent weather and electric load information. This is accomplished by running concurrent simulations of two transient building models. The first transient building model uses current as well as forecast input information to obtain short term predictions of the thermal and electric building loads. The predictions are then used by an optimization algorithm, i.e., a hierarchical controller, that decides the amount of fuel and of electrical energy to be allocated at the current time step. In a simulation, the actual physical building is not available and, hence, to simulate a real-time environment, a second, building model with similar but not identical input loads are used to represent the actual building. A state-variable feedback loop is completed at the beginning of each time step by copying, i.e., measuring, the state variable from the actual building and restarting the predictive model using these ?measured? values as initial conditions. The simulation environment presented in this paper features nonlinear effects such as the dependence of the heat exchanger effectiveness on their operating conditions. The results indicate that the CHP engine operation dictated by the proposed hierarchical controller with uncertain weather conditions have the potential to yield significant savings when compared to conventional systems using current values of electricity and fuel prices.
Real Time Search User Behavior Real time search is an increasingly important area of
Jansen, James
. The most frequently used terms accounted for only 0.03% of the total terms. Concerning search topics Web search. Searchers of real time content often repeat queries overtime, perhaps indicating long term content increasingly enters the main stream. Keywords Real time search, real time content, Collecta
Optimal Real-Time Scheduling of Control Tasks with State Feedback Resource Allocation
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
1 Optimal Real-Time Scheduling of Control Tasks with State Feedback Resource Allocation Mohamed El for the optimal integrated control and real-time scheduling of control tasks. First, the problem of the optimal integrated control and non- preemptive off-line scheduling of control tasks in the sense of the H2
Real-time control over networks
Ji, Kun
researchers to develop NCSs to implement distributed control schemes. This dissertation presents a framework for the modeling, design, stability analysis, control, and bandwidth allocation of real-time control over networks. This framework covers key research...
Eto, Joseph H.
based�on�real?time�PMU�data� by�observing�the�differences�as� analysis�of�WECC�PMU�data. �The�recommended�analysis�approach. � V (pu) P-V curve PMU data P (pu) P-V curve PMU
Toward Real Time Data Analysis for Smart Grids
Yin, Jian; Gorton, Ian; Sharma, Poorva
This paper describes the architecture and design of a novel system for supporting large-scale real-time data analysis for future power grid systems. The widespread deployment of renewable generation, smart grid controls, energy storage, plug-in hybrids, and new conducting materials will require fundamental changes in the operational concepts and principal components of the grid. As a result, the whole system becomes highly dynamic and requires constant adjusting based on real time data. Even though millions of sensors such as phase measurement units (PMU) and smart meters are being widely deployed, a data layer that can analyze this amount of data in real time is needed. Unlike the data fabric in other cloud services, the data layer for smart grids has some unique design requirements. First, this layer must provide real time guarantees. Second, this layer must be scalable to allow a large number of applications to access the data from millions of sensors in real time. Third, reliability is critical and this layer must be able to continue to provide service in face of failures. Fourth, this layer must be secure. We address these challenges though a scalable system architecture that integrates the I/O and data processing capability in a devise set of devices. Data process operations can be placed anywhere from sensors, data storage devices, to control centers. We further employ compression to improve performance. We design a lightweight compression customized for power grid data. Our system can reduce end-to-end response time by reduce I/O overhead through compression and overlap compression operations with I/O. The initial prototype of our system was demonstrated with several use cases from PNNL�s FPGI and show that our system can provide real time guarantees to a diverse set of applications.
Project CRAFT: A Test Bed for Demonstrating the Real Time Acquisition and Archival of WSR-88D Base
Droegemeier, Kelvin K.
the long-term needs for WSR-88D base data archival, and in light of the compelling need for real time. The initial test bed of six radars, located in and around Oklahoma, has been delivering real time base data to substantial improvements in the identification and short-term warning of hazardous local weather (e.g., Crum
Eto, Joseph H.; Parashar, Manu; Lewis, Nancy Jo
The Real Time System Operations (RTSO) 2006-2007 project focused on two parallel technical tasks: (1) Real-Time Applications of Phasors for Monitoring, Alarming and Control; and (2) Real-Time Voltage Security Assessment (RTVSA) Prototype Tool. The overall goal of the phasor applications project was to accelerate adoption and foster greater use of new, more accurate, time-synchronized phasor measurements by conducting research and prototyping applications on California ISO's phasor platform - Real-Time Dynamics Monitoring System (RTDMS) -- that provide previously unavailable information on the dynamic stability of the grid. Feasibility assessment studies were conducted on potential application of this technology for small-signal stability monitoring, validating/improving existing stability nomograms, conducting frequency response analysis, and obtaining real-time sensitivity information on key metrics to assess grid stress. Based on study findings, prototype applications for real-time visualization and alarming, small-signal stability monitoring, measurement based sensitivity analysis and frequency response assessment were developed, factory- and field-tested at the California ISO and at BPA. The goal of the RTVSA project was to provide California ISO with a prototype voltage security assessment tool that runs in real time within California ISO?s new reliability and congestion management system. CERTS conducted a technical assessment of appropriate algorithms, developed a prototype incorporating state-of-art algorithms (such as the continuation power flow, direct method, boundary orbiting method, and hyperplanes) into a framework most suitable for an operations environment. Based on study findings, a functional specification was prepared, which the California ISO has since used to procure a production-quality tool that is now a part of a suite of advanced computational tools that is used by California ISO for reliability and congestion management.
Chemical indices (CIA and WIP) as proxies for integrated chemical weathering in China: Inferences from analysis of fluvial sediments
Yang, Shouye
Chemical indices (CIA and WIP) as proxies for integrated chemical weathering in China: Inferences 2012 Editor: G.J. Weltje Keywords: Chemical weathering index River China Sediment Monsoon Geochemistry under variable climate regimes. How to quantitatively determine the chemical weathering intensity
Continuous, real time microwave plasma element sensor
Woskov, P.P.; Smatlak, D.L.; Cohn, D.R.; Wittle, J.K.; Titus, C.H.; Surma, J.E.
Microwave-induced plasma is described for continuous, real time trace element monitoring under harsh and variable conditions. The sensor includes a source of high power microwave energy and a shorted waveguide made of a microwave conductive, refractory material communicating with the source of the microwave energy to generate a plasma. The high power waveguide is constructed to be robust in a hot, hostile environment. It includes an aperture for the passage of gases to be analyzed and a spectrometer is connected to receive light from the plasma. Provision is made for real time in situ calibration. The spectrometer disperses the light, which is then analyzed by a computer. The sensor is capable of making continuous, real time quantitative measurements of desired elements, such as the heavy metals lead and mercury. 3 figs.
Arnold Schwarzenegger REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY
Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT Scoping Study Report Reliability Technology Solutions APPENDIXG October 2008 CEC-500-2008-049-APG #12;#12;Prepared By: Lawrence for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions and was funded by the California Energy Commission's Public
Arnold Schwarzenegger REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY
Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor REAL-TIME GRID RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT Prototype Phasor-Based Real Research Program Prepared By: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Consortium for Electric Reliability in this report. #12;#12;USER GUIDE Version 3 August 2005 Prepared by: for Consortium for Electric Reliability
Approaching Real-time Network Traffic Classification
Haddadi, Hamed
and studies. It serves as the input for Intrusion Detection Systems, provides Class-of-Service (CoS) mapping22 Approaching Real-time Network Traffic Classification ISSN 1470-5559 RR-06-12 October 2006-time Network Traffic Classification Wei Li, Kaysar Abdin, Robert Dann and Andrew Moore Department of Computer
A Comparison of Real-Time Thermal Rating Systems in the U.S. and the U.K.
Jake P. Gentle; Kurt S. Myers; Jason W. Bush; Isaac J. West; David M. Greenwood; Grant L. Ingram; Peter J. Davison; Matthias C.M. Troffaes
Real-time thermal rating is a smart-grid technology that allows the rating of electrical conductors to be increased based on local weather conditions. Overhead lines are conventionally given a conservative, constant seasonal rating based on seasonal and regional worst case scenarios rather than actual, say, local hourly weather predictions. This paper provides a report of two pioneering schemes-one in the U.S. and one in the U.K.-where real-time thermal ratings have been applied. Thereby, we demonstrate that observing the local weather conditions in real time leads to additional capacity and safer operation. Second, we critically compare both approaches and discuss their limitations. In doing so, we arrive at novel insights which will inform and improve future real-time thermal rating projects.
Real-Time Optimization Strategies for Building Systems
Victor Zavala
Jul 2, 2011 ... Abstract: We propose real-time optimization strategies for energy ... proactive, optimization, real-time, electricity markets, energy management.
Getting Useful Real-Time Feedback About Your Program | Department...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Getting Useful Real-Time Feedback About Your Program Getting Useful Real-Time Feedback About Your Program Better Buildings Webinar - May 25, 2011 20110525realtimefeedback.pdf...
Wireless technology collects real-time information from oil and...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Wireless technology collects real-time information from oil and gas wells Wireless technology collects real-time information from oil and gas wells The patented system delivers...
Real-Time Track Prediction of Tropical Cyclones over the North Indian Ocean Using the ARW Model
Real-Time Track Prediction of Tropical Cyclones over the North Indian Ocean Using the ARW Model of Technology Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India A. ROUTRAY National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Noida The performance of the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (ARW) model in real
Real time gamma-ray signature identifier
Rowland, Mark (Alamo, CA); Gosnell, Tom B. (Moraga, CA); Ham, Cheryl (Livermore, CA); Perkins, Dwight (Livermore, CA); Wong, James (Dublin, CA)
A real time gamma-ray signature/source identification method and system using principal components analysis (PCA) for transforming and substantially reducing one or more comprehensive spectral libraries of nuclear materials types and configurations into a corresponding concise representation/signature(s) representing and indexing each individual predetermined spectrum in principal component (PC) space, wherein an unknown gamma-ray signature may be compared against the representative signature to find a match or at least characterize the unknown signature from among all the entries in the library with a single regression or simple projection into the PC space, so as to substantially reduce processing time and computing resources and enable real-time characterization and/or identification.
Real-Time Demand Side Energy Management
Victor, A.; Brodkorb, M.
Real-Time Demand Side Energy Management Annelize Victor Michael Brodkorb Sr. Business Consultant Business Development Manager Aspen Technology, Inc. Aspen Technology Espa�a, S.A. Houston, TX Barcelona, Spain ABSTRACT To remain... competitive, manufacturers must capture opportunities to increase bottom-line profitability. The goal of this paper is to present a new methodology for reducing energy costs � �Demand-Side Energy Management.� Learn how process manufacturers assess energy...
Real Time Monitoring: Achieving Energy Efficiency
Rouse, S.
ABSTRACT: IECBO?s International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations November 17-18, 2009 Austin, Texas. Energy @ Work www.Energy-Efficiency.com File: Rouse_ Abstract Contact: scott.rouse@energy-efficiency....com, (416) 402-0525 Proposal Type: o Electronic proposal for presentation Title of Paper: o Real Time Monitoring: Achieving Energy Efficiency! Conference: o ICEBO?s International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations Submitted by: o...
Baton Rouge Complex Steam Real Time Optimization
Iyun, T.
Baton Rouge Complex Steam Real Time Optimization IETC 2014 New Orleans, Louisiana Tope Iyun ExxonMobil Chemical Company May 22, 2014 ESL-IE-14-05-32 Proceedings of the Thrity-Sixth Industrial Energy Technology Conference New Orleans, LA. May 20... were generated by or on behalf of ExxonMobil Chemical Company. Legal Disclosures �2014 ExxonMobil. To the extent the user is entitled to disclose and distribute this document, the user may forward, distribute, and/or photocopy this copyrighted...
Real Time Simulation of Power Grid Disruptions
Chinthavali, Supriya [ORNL; Dimitrovski, Aleksandar D [ORNL; Fernandez, Steven J [ORNL; Groer, Christopher S [ORNL; Nutaro, James J [ORNL; Olama, Mohammed M [ORNL; Omitaomu, Olufemi A [ORNL; Shankar, Mallikarjun [ORNL; Spafford, Kyle L [ORNL; Vacaliuc, Bogdan [ORNL
DOE-OE and DOE-SC workshops (Reference 1-3) identified the key power grid problem that requires insight addressable by the next generation of exascale computing is coupling of real-time data streams (1-2 TB per hour) as the streams are ingested to dynamic models. These models would then identify predicted disruptions in time (2-4 seconds) to trigger the smart grid s self healing functions. This project attempted to establish the feasibility of this approach and defined the scientific issues, and demonstrated example solutions to important smart grid simulation problems. These objectives were accomplished by 1) using the existing frequency recorders on the national grid to establish a representative and scalable real-time data stream; 2) invoking ORNL signature identification algorithms; 3) modeling dynamically a representative region of the Eastern interconnect using an institutional cluster, measuring the scalability and computational benchmarks for a national capability; and 4) constructing a prototype simulation for the system s concept of smart grid deployment. The delivered ORNL enduring capability included: 1) data processing and simulation metrics to design a national capability justifying exascale applications; 2) Software and intellectual property built around the example solutions; 3) demonstrated dynamic models to design few second self-healing.
Wise, Marcus B. (Kingston, TN); Thompson, Cyril V. (Knoxville, TN)
An in-line gas monitor capable of accurate gas composition analysis in a continuous real time manner even under strong applied vacuum conditions operates by mixing an air sample with helium forming a sample gas in two complementary sample loops embedded in a manifold which includes two pairs of 3-way solenoid valves. The sample gas is then analyzed in an ion trap mass spectrometer on a continuous basis. Two valve drivers actuate the two pairs of 3-way valves in a reciprocating fashion, so that there is always flow through the in-line gas monitor via one or the other of the sample loops. The duty cycle for the two pairs of 3-way valves is varied by tuning the two valve drivers to a duty cycle typically between 0.2 to 0.7 seconds.
Wise, M.B.; Thompson, C.V.
An in-line gas monitor capable of accurate gas composition analysis in a continuous real time manner even under strong applied vacuum conditions operates by mixing an air sample with helium forming a sample gas in two complementary sample loops embedded in a manifold which includes two pairs of 3-way solenoid valves. The sample gas is then analyzed in an ion trap mass spectrometer on a continuous basis. Two valve drivers actuate the two pairs of 3-way valves in a reciprocating fashion, so that there is always flow through the in-line gas monitor via one or the other of the sample loops. The duty cycle for the two pairs of 3-way valves is varied by tuning the two valve drivers to a duty cycle typically between 0.2 to 0.7 seconds. 3 figs.
Health physicists from the CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company collaborated with Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation to modify the SAM 940 isotope identifier instrument to be used for nuclear waste remediation. These modifications coupled with existing capabilities of the SAM 940 have proven to be invaluable during remediation activities, reducing disposal costs by allowing swift remediation of targeted areas that have been identified as having isotopes of concern (IOC), and eliminating multiple visits to sites by declaring an excavation site clear of IOCs before demobilizing from the site. These advantages are enabled by accumulating spectral data for specific isotopes that is nearly 100 percent free of false positives, which are filtered out in 'real time.'
Real time speech formant analyzer and display
Holland, G.E.; Struve, W.S.; Homer, J.F.
A speech analyzer for interpretation of sound includes a sound input which converts the sound into a signal representing the sound. The signal is passed through a plurality of frequency pass filters to derive a plurality of frequency formants. These formants are converted to voltage signals by frequency-to-voltage converters and then are prepared for visual display in continuous real time. Parameters from the inputted sound are also derived and displayed. The display may then be interpreted by the user. The preferred embodiment includes a microprocessor which is interfaced with a television set for displaying of the sound formants. The microprocessor software enables the sound analyzer to present a variety of display modes for interpretive and therapeutic used by the user. 19 figs.
Looking at Transistor Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time Looking at Transistor Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time Print Wednesday, 25 June 2008 00:00 The oxide gate layer is critical to every transistor,...
Ames Lab 101: Real-Time 3D Imaging
Zhang, Song
Ames Laboratory scientist Song Zhang explains his real-time 3-D imaging technology. The technique can be used to create high-resolution, real-time, precise, 3-D images for use in healthcare, security, and entertainment applications.
Fast-paced, real-time multifaceted action Complex battlefield
Ernst, Damien
for the design of intelligent agents for real-time strategy games Next steps Raphael Fonteneau is a postdoctoral
Weske, Mathias
REAL-TIME NON-PHOTOREALISTIC RENDERING TECHNIQUES FOR ILLUSTRATING 3D SCENES AND THEIR DYNAMICS This thesis addresses real-time non-photorealistic rendering techniques and their applications in interactive visualization. Real-time rendering has emerged as an important discipline within computer graphics developing
Monash University AUSTRALIA 1A Real Time DSP Sonar Echo Processor -IROS'2000 A Real Time DSP Sonar Echo
Monash University AUSTRALIA 1A Real Time DSP Sonar Echo Processor - IROS'2000 A Real Time DSP Sonar of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University, Victoria, AUSTRALIA www.ecse.monash.edu.au/centres/IRRC # Funded by an Australian Research Council Large Grant #12;Monash University AUSTRALIA 2A Real Time DSP
Real-Time Pricing of Electricity: An Assessment
Baughman, M. L.; Zarnikau, J.
. This paper reviews one of these new rate design proposals, "spot market" or "real-time" pricing, and discusses some recent implementations in Texas....
USB Interfacing and Real Time Data Plotting with MATLAB
Ashrafi, Ashkan
USB Interfacing and Real Time Data Plotting with MATLAB Department of Electrical and Computer................................................................................................................................3 MATLAB Programming....................................................................................................................................................6 MATLAB Realtime Plot Code
A Framework for Real-Time Service-Oriented Architecture
Panahi, Mark; Nie, Weiran; Lin, Kwei-Jay
and reasoning in service-oriented architectures,� Journal offor Real-Time Service-Oriented Architecture Mark Panahi,Abstract�Service-oriented architectures (SOA), though widely
Optimization Online - Stochastic Real-Time Scheduling of Wind ...
Alireza Soroudi
Jan 3, 2015 ... Stochastic Real-Time Scheduling of Wind-thermal Generation Units in an Electric Utility. Alireza Soroudi (alireza.soroudi ***at*** ucd.ie)
Real-Time Optimization Strategies for Building Systems
Our analysis indicates that it is possible to obtain energy savings of more ... building-wide, proactive, optimization, real-time, electricity markets, energy man-.
DOE Announces Webinars on Real Time Energy Management, Solar...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
typically required. You can also watch archived webinars and browse previously aired videos, slides, and transcripts. Upcoming Webinars February 4: Live Webinar on Real Time...
Optimization Online - Real-Time Dispatchability of Bulk Power ...
Wei Wei
Mar 16, 2015 ... Real-Time Dispatchability of Bulk Power Systems with Volatile Renewable Generations. Wei Wei (wei-wei04 ***at*** mails.tsinghua.edu.cn)
Real-time Vehicle Reidentification System for Freeway Performance Measurements
Jeng, Shin-Ting
Tok, A. (2005). �Anonymous Vehicle Tracking for Real-timeField Investigation of Advanced Vehicle Reidentificationvariance, land changing, and vehicle heterogeneity. In:
A Survey of Utility Experience with Real Time Pricing
Barbose, Galen; Goldman, Charles; Neenan, Bernie
Day Ahead Hourly Time of Use Tariff Description This is aTariff Name Real Time Pricing: Non-Residential Service Day Ahead Hourly Time of Use
Eto, Joseph H.
SCE, WAPA, PG&E Data � PDC � PI Interface frequency dataIntegration of CA ISO PDC with Arbiters California Real-Timeand�end?user�feedback. �� PDC�to�PI�interface�for�Phasor�
Real Time Flux Control in PM Motors
Otaduy, P.J.
Significant research at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Power Electronics and Electric Machinery Research Center (PEEMRC) is being conducted to develop ways to increase (1) torque, (2) speed range, and (3) efficiency of traction electric motors for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) within existing current and voltage bounds. Current is limited by the inverter semiconductor devices' capability and voltage is limited by the stator wire insulation's ability to withstand the maximum back-electromotive force (emf), which occurs at the upper end of the speed range. One research track has been to explore ways to control the path and magnitude of magnetic flux while the motor is operating. The phrase, real time flux control (RTFC), refers to this mode of operation in which system parameters are changed while the motor is operating to improve its performance and speed range. RTFC has potential to meet an increased torque demand by introducing additional flux through the main air gap from an external source. It can augment the speed range by diverting flux away from the main air gap to reduce back-emf at high speeds. Conventional RTFC technology is known as vector control [1]. Vector control decomposes the stator current into two components; one that produces torque and a second that opposes (weakens) the magnetic field generated by the rotor, thereby requiring more overall stator current and reducing the efficiency. Efficiency can be improved by selecting a RTFC method that reduces the back-emf without increasing the average current. This favors methods that use pulse currents or very low currents to achieve field weakening. Foremost in ORNL's effort to develop flux control is the work of J. S. Hsu. Early research [2,3] introduced direct control of air-gap flux in permanent magnet (PM) machines and demonstrated it with a flux-controlled generator. The configuration eliminates the problem of demagnetization because it diverts all the flux from the magnets instead of trying to oppose it. It is robust and could be particularly useful for PM generators and electric vehicle drives. Recent efforts have introduced a brushless machine that transfers a magneto-motive force (MMF) generated by a stationary excitation coil to the rotor [4]. Although a conventional PM machine may be field weakened using vector control, the air-gap flux density cannot be effectively enhanced. In Hsu's new machine, the magnetic field generated by the rotor's PM may be augmented by the field from the stationery excitation coil and channeled with flux guides to its desired destination to enhance the air-gap flux that produces torque. The magnetic field can also be weakened by reversing the current in the stationary excitation winding. A patent for advanced technology in this area is pending. Several additional RTFC methods have been discussed in open literature. These include methods of changing the number of poles by magnetizing and demagnetizing the magnets poles with pulses of current corresponding to direct-axis (d-axis) current of vector control [5,6], changing the number of stator coils [7], and controlling the air gap [8]. Test experience has shown that the magnet strengths may vary and weaken naturally as rotor temperature increases suggesting that careful control of the rotor temperature, which is no easy task, could yield another method of RTFC. The purpose of this report is to (1) examine the interaction of rotor and stator flux with regard to RTFC, (2) review and summarize the status of RTFC technology, and (3) compare and evaluate methods for RTFC with respect to maturity, advantages and limitations, deployment difficulty and relative complexity.
Fisher, Kathleen
· Monitor tank levels (liquid, solid, gas) · Mesh networks · Automatic refill · Fleet integration · Flow, level, proximity sensors · Waste flow disposal Chemical Tanks4 · PositiveTrain Control · Wayside management ASSET MANAGEMENT Agriculture · Oil flow · Well pressure · Status of pump · Remote Maintenance
Complete Automation of Future Grid for Optimal Real-Time Distribution of Renewables
Loudon, Catherine
Complete Automation of Future Grid for Optimal Real-Time Distribution of Renewables Kiyoshi integrates tie-set graph theory with an intelligent agent system, is presented to distribute renewable energy and renewable generation is highly variable and unpredictable. Simulation results on a one hundred-node network
A Mixed Model for Real-Time, Interactive Simulation of a Cable Passing Through Several Pulleys
Garcia-Fernandez, Ignacio; Pla-Castells, Marta; Martinez-Dura, Rafael J. [Instituto de Robotica. Universidad de Valencia (Spain)
A model of a cable and pulleys is presented that can be used in Real Time Computer Graphics applications. The model is formulated by the coupling of a damped spring and a variable coefficient wave equation, and can be integrated in more complex mechanical models of lift systems, such as cranes, elevators, etc. with a high degree of interactivity.
Real-time Remote Sensing of Snowmobiles Emissions at
Denver, University of
Real-time Remote Sensing of Snowmobiles Emissions at Yellowstone National Park: An Oxygenated Fuel 68509 #12;Real-time Remote Sensing of Snowmobile Emissions at Yellowstone National Park 2 Executive emissions from snowmobiles. Ratios of CO, HC and toluene to CO2 were measured and used to calculate %CO, %HC
NSTX Real-Time Control GUI User's Guide
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
the use of the Power Supply Real-Time Control (PSRTC) Graphical User Interface (GUI), shown below. AsideNSTX Real-Time Control GUI User's Guide March 28, 2008 #12;This document is meant to describe from the PCS, the NSTX control system is made up of several executables/applications that each function
Utility Accrual Real-Time Scheduling for Multiprocessor Embedded Systems
Ravindran, Binoy
Utility Accrual Real-Time Scheduling for Multiprocessor Embedded Systems Hyeonjoong Cho a Binoy We present the first Utility Accrual (or UA) real-time scheduling algorithm for mul- tiprocessors, called global Multiprocessor Utility Accrual scheduling algorithm (or gMUA). The algorithm considers
Towards a Real-Time Cluster Computing Infrastructure
Hui, Peter SY; Chikkagoudar, Satish; Chavarr�a-Miranda, Daniel; Johnston, Mark R.
Real-time computing has traditionally been considered largely in the context of single-processor and embedded systems, and indeed, the terms real-time computing, embedded systems, and control systems are often mentioned in closely related contexts. However, real-time computing in the context of multinode systems, specifically high-performance, cluster-computing systems, remains relatively unexplored, largely due to the fact that until now, there has not been a need for such an environment. In this paper, we motivate the need for a cluster computing infrastructure capable of supporting computation over large datasets in real-time. Our motivating example is an analytical framework to support the next generation North American power grid, which is growing both in size and complexity. With streaming sensor data in the future power grid potentially reaching rates on the order of terabytes per day, the task of analyzing this data subject to real-time guarantees becomes a daunting task which will require the power of high-performance cluster computing capable of functioning under real-time constraints. One specific challenge that such an environment presents is the need for real-time networked communication between cluster nodes. In this paper, we discuss the need for real-time high-performance cluster computation, along with our work-in-progress towards an infrastructure which will ultimately enable such an environment.
Realistic Rendering of an Organ Surface in Real-Time
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Realistic Rendering of an Organ Surface in Real-Time for Laparoscopic Surgery Simulation Rapha�l : 10.1007/s003710100118 #12;Abstract This paper deals with the rendering issues of the problem. To meet the real-time constraint we use advanced graphics features such as multi- pass rendering, Open
Feedback Control Real-Time Scheduling: Framework, Modeling, and Algorithms*
Son, Sang H.
1 Feedback Control Real-Time Scheduling: Framework, Modeling, and Algorithms* Chenyang Lu John email@example.com Abstract This paper presents a feedback control real-time scheduling (FCS) framework for adaptive real. In particular, we establish a dynamic model and performance analysis of several feedback control scheduling
Demonstration of Real-time Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio
Qiu, Robert Caiming
Demonstration of Real-time Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Zhe Chen, Nan Guo, and Robert C sensing detects the availability of the radio frequency spectrum in a real-time fashion, which is essen Cognitive radio (CR) has been put forward to make effi- cient use of scarce radio frequency spectrum
Real-time capable first principle based modelling of tokamak turbulent transport
Breton, S; Felici, F; Imbeaux, F; Aniel, T; Artaud, J F; Baiocchi, B; Bourdelle, C; Camenen, Y; Garcia, J
A real-time capable core turbulence tokamak transport model is developed. This model is constructed from the regularized nonlinear regression of quasilinear gyrokinetic transport code output. The regression is performed with a multilayer perceptron neural network. The transport code input for the neural network training set consists of five dimensions, and is limited to adiabatic electrons. The neural network model successfully reproduces transport fluxes predicted by the original quasilinear model, while gaining five orders of magnitude in computation time. The model is implemented in a real-time capable tokamak simulator, and simulates a 300s ITER discharge in 10s. This proof-of-principle for regression based transport models anticipates a significant widening of input space dimensionality and physics realism for future training sets. This aims to provide unprecedented computational speed coupled with first-principle based physics for real-time control and integrated modelling applications.
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
approximately to heat- or load-follow. Where there was awas approximately to heat- or load-follow. As in Baltimore,and performance. no DG load-follow heat-follow optimal load-
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
heat pumps) are also present. Thermally-activated cooling is achieved through absorption or adsorption
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
was approximately to heat- or load-follow. As in Baltimore,reviews of CHP cost and performance. no DG load-follow heat-follow optimal load-follow heat-follow optimal TOU CPP year
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
The CHP system uses a load-following control i.e. , thexl efficiency of this load-following control strategy byenergy costs from a load-following strategy to those from an
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
National Renewable Energy Laboratory�s Hybrid Optimizationas the National Renewable Energy Laboratory�s (NREL) Hybrid
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
in natural gas prices for the three years and general trendsin natural gas prices for the three years and general trends
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
electric utilities, distributed generation investmentDistributed Power Generation: Planning and Evaluation Marcel Dekker, New York. Appendix A. UTILITYDistributed Generation Investment Optimization With the recent advent of small (100s of kW to several MW) DG that is cost competitive with utility
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
xliii Demand Side Management152 Demand Side Managementdemand response demand-side management energy efficiency
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
Agency], 2007. �Catalogue of CHP Technologies�. US-EPATim Lipman (Pacific Regional CHP Application Center), and68 CHP E
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
heat exchangers for waste heat recovery, thermally activatedOften this use for the waste-heat from electricity xxiihigh value. For example, the waste-heat from a continuously
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
DG abs. cooling offset purchase electric supply (kW) DG abs.DG abs. cooling offset purchase electric supply (kW) DG abs.DG abs. cooling offset purchase electric supply (kW) DG abs.
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
of turning generator waste heat into useful heat linearthe generator). These plots are essentially linear, and theof the generator. Note that this equation is non- linear.
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
IES. Demand Response xxxii Studies of utility and buildingDemand Response and Energy Management in Commercial Buildings�
Optimal Real-time Dispatch for Integrated Energy Systems
Firestone, Ryan Michael
the optimization of cogeneration dispatch in a deregulatedcomprised of on-site cogeneration of heat and electricity,of optimal control to a cogeneration system over current,
Real time density functional simulations of quantum scale conductance
Evans, Jeremy Scott
We study electronic conductance through single molecules by subjecting a molecular junction to a time dependent potential and propagating the electronic state in real time using time-dependent density functional theory ...
Volatility of Power Grids Under Real-Time Pricing
Roozbehani, Mardavij
The paper proposes a framework for modeling and analysis of the dynamics of supply, demand, and clearing prices in power systems with real-time retail pricing and information asymmetry. Characterized by passing on the ...
Looking at Transistor Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Looking at Transistor Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time Print The oxide gate layer is critical to every transistor, and present-day layer thicknesses are in the 10-20 range (1-2...
ccsd00001825, Development of Real Time Diagnostics and
developed to allow a more robust control of several plasma parameters. Both diagnostics and algorithms were on plasma diagnostics. ccsd00001825, version 2 19 Oct 2004 Development of Real Time Diagnostics and Feedback Algorithms
Real time observations of the nucleation and growth of nanowires...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
Real time observations of the nucleation and growth of nanowires and nanotubes December 1, 2011 at 3pm36-428 Eric Stach Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National...
New Real-Time Quantum Efficiency Measurement System: Preprint
Young, D. L.; Egaas, B.; Pinegar, S.; Stradins, P.
This paper describes a newly developed technique for measuring the quantum eficiiency in solar cells in real-time using a unique, electronically controlled, full-spectrum light source.
GPU programming for real-time watercolor simulation
Scott, Jessica Stacy
simulated watercolors in real time. The GPU, or Graphics Processing Unit, is an effcient and highly parallel processor located on the graphics card of a computer; GPU programming is touted as a way to improve performance in graphics and non...
Artificial Intelligence Design for Real-time Strategy Games
Ernst, Damien
of the paper. 1 Introduction The real-time strategy (RTS) video game genre began to appear roughly two decades , one of the best-selling video games and now an acknowledged reference, cemented RTS in the industry
Real-time state estimation of laboratory flows
Stransky, Scott (Scott M.)
In this project, we use a real time computer model to simulate a differentially heated laboratory annulus. The laboratory annulus allows us to study chaotic flows typical of the atmosphere. Our objective is to bring the ...
Energy Efficient Scheduling for Real-Time Systems
Gupta, Nikhil
, temperature awareness of a real-time system can be improved while considering variation of task execution times to reduce energy consumption. This thesis is established through research in a number of directions. First, we explore the applicability of Dynamic...
Scheduling of real-time communication network for parallel processing
Li, Hung
very attractive for the next generation real-time systems. How to support realtime communication on the massively parallel computers becomes an important issue. This project focuses on wormhole networks of Paragon, and study different transmission...
IT Licentiate theses Practical Verification of Real-Time Systems
David, Alexandre
IT Licentiate theses 2001-013 Practical Verification of Real-Time Systems ALEXANDRE DAVID UPPSALA UPPSALA SWEDEN Dissertation for the degree of Licentiate of Philosophy in Computer Science at Uppsala
IT Licentiate theses Practical Verification of RealTime Systems
David, Alexandre
IT Licentiate theses 2001�013 Practical Verification of Real�Time Systems ALEXANDRE DAVID UPPSALA UPPSALA SWEDEN Dissertation for the degree of Licentiate of Philosophy in Computer Science at Uppsala
A practical acceleration algorithm for real-time imaging
Sumbul, Uygar
A practical acceleration algorithm for real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is presented. Neither separate training scans nor embedded training samples are used. The Kalman filter based algorithm provides a fast and ...
Real-time Water Waves with Wave Particles
Yuksel, Cem
This dissertation describes the wave particles technique for simulating water surface waves and two way fluid-object interactions for real-time applications, such as video games. Water exists in various different forms in our environment...
Repsol Cartagena Utilities Real Time Optimization -- A Success Story
Piccolo, M.; Shyr, S.
Repsol Cartagena Utilities Real Time Optimization - A Success Story Mike Piccolo and Steve Shyr, Honeywell, and TBD, Repsol, Spain In 1998 Honeywell Hi-Spec Solutions successfully implemented a Utilities Optimization system at Repsol' s Cartagena...
Real-time continuous gesture recognition for natural multimodal interaction
Yin, Ying, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
I have developed a real-time continuous gesture recognition system capable of dealing with two important problems that have previously been neglected: (a) smoothly handling two different kinds of gestures: those characterized ...
High speed, real-time, camera bandwidth converter
Bower, Dan E; Bloom, David A; Curry, James R
Image data from a CMOS sensor with 10 bit resolution is reformatted in real time to allow the data to stream through communications equipment that is designed to transport data with 8 bit resolution. The incoming image data has 10 bit resolution. The communication equipment can transport image data with 8 bit resolution. Image data with 10 bit resolution is transmitted in real-time, without a frame delay, through the communication equipment by reformatting the image data.
Los Alamos real-time and digital radiography plans
Strong, R.D.
Real-time radiography is the conversion of the radiographic image into a video image for display on a TV monitor. Once the image is in video format it is easy to digitize it using one of several digitizing systems. When the image has been digitized, digital signal processing may be performed on the image to enhance it or to assist the radiographer in interpreting. Digital processing may be performed in near real-time of off-line.
Supervisory Feed-Forward Control for Real-Time Topping Cycle CHP Operation
Cho, Heejin; Luck, Rogelio; Chamra, Louay M.
This paper presents an energy dispatch algorithm for real-time topping cycle Cooling, Heating, and Power (CHP) operation for buildings with the objective of minimizing the operational cost, primary energy consumption (PEC), or carbon dioxide emission (CDE). The algorithm features a supervisory feed-forward control for real-time CHP operation using short-term weather forecasting. The advantages of the proposed control scheme for CHP operation are (a) relatively simple and efficient implementation allowing realistic real-time operation , (b) optimized CHP operation with respect to operational cost, PEC, or CDE, and (c) increased site-energy consumption (SEC) resulting in less dependence on the electric grid. In the feed-forward portion of the control scheme, short-term electric, cooling, and heating loads are predicted using the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) benchmark small office building model. The results are encouraging regarding the potential saving of operational cost, PEC, and CDE from using the control system for a CHP system with electric and thermal energy storages.
Excerpted from: R. Pitt, M. Lilburn. S.R. Durrans, S. Burian, S. Nix, J. Vorhees, and J. Martinson (I had a lot of help from my friends). Guidance Manual for Integrated Wet Weather Flow (WWF) Collection and Treatment
Pitt, Robert E.
. Martinson (I had a lot of help from my friends). Guidance Manual for Integrated Wet Weather Flow (WWF
Real-Time Water Quality Management in the Grassland Water District
Quinn, Nigel W.T.; Hanna, W. Mark; Hanlon, Jeremy S.; Burns, Josphine R.; Taylor, Christophe M.; Marciochi, Don; Lower, Scott; Woodruff, Veronica; Wright, Diane; Poole, Tim
The purpose of the research project was to advance the concept of real-time water quality management in the San Joaquin Basin by developing an application to drainage of seasonal wetlands in the Grassland Water District. Real-time water quality management is defined as the coordination of reservoir releases, return flows and river diversions to improve water quality conditions in the San Joaquin River and ensure compliance with State water quality objectives. Real-time water quality management is achieved through information exchange and cooperation between shakeholders who contribute or withdraw flow and salt load to or from the San Joaquin River. This project complements a larger scale project that was undertaken by members of the Water Quality Subcommittee of the San Joaquin River Management Program (SJRMP) and which produced forecasts of flow, salt load and San Joaquin River assimilative capacity between 1999 and 2003. These forecasts can help those entities exporting salt load to the River to develop salt load targets as a mechanism for improving compliance with salinity objectives. The mass balance model developed by this project is the decision support tool that helps to establish these salt load targets. A second important outcome of this project was the development and application of a methodology for assessing potential impacts of real-time wetland salinity management. Drawdown schedules are typically tied to weather conditions and are optimized in traditional practices to maximize food sources for over-wintering wildfowl as well as providing a biological control (through germination temperature) of undesirable weeds that compete with the more proteinaceous moist soil plants such as swamp timothy, watergrass and smartweed. This methodology combines high resolution remote sensing, ground-truthing vegetation surveys using established survey protocols and soil salinity mapping using rapid, automated electromagnetic sensor technology. This survey methodology could be complemented with biological surveys of bird use and invertebrates to produce a robust long-term monitoring strategy for habitat health and sustainability.
Quasi real time in vivo dosimetry for VMAT
Fidanzio, A.; Azario, L. [Istituto di Fisica, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy) [Istituto di Fisica, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome 00146 (Italy); Porcelli, A. [U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy)] [U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Greco, F. [U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy) [U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome 00146 (Italy); Cilla, S. [U.O di Fisica Sanitaria, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Campobasso 86100, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome 00146 (Italy)] [U.O di Fisica Sanitaria, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Campobasso 86100, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome 00146 (Italy); Grusio, M. [Istituto di Fisica, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy)] [Istituto di Fisica, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Balducci, M.; Valentini, V. [U.O.C di Radioterapia, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy)] [U.O.C di Radioterapia, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Piermattei, A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Istituto di Fisica, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); U.O.C di Fisica Sanitaria, Universit� Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168 (Italy); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Roma Tre, Rome 00168 (Italy)
Purpose: Results about the feasibility of a method for quasi real timein vivo dosimetry (IVD) at the isocenter point for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) are here reported. The method is based on correlations between the EPID signal and the dose on the beam central axis. Moreover, the ?-analysis of EPID images was adopted to verify off-axis reproducibility of fractionated plan delivery. Methods: An algorithm to reconstructin vivo the isocenter dose, D{sub iso}, for RapidArc treatments has been developed. 20 VMAT plans, optimized with two opposite arcs, for prostate, pancreas, and head treatments have been delivered by a Varian linac both to a conic PMMA phantom with elliptical section and to patients. The ratios R between reconstructed D{sub iso} and the planned doses were determined for phantom and patient irradiations adopting an acceptance criterion of �5%. In total, 40 phantom checks and 400 patient checks were analyzed. Moreover, 3% and 3 mm criteria were adopted for portal image ?-analysis to assess patient irradiation reproducibility. Results: The average ratio R, between reconstructed and planned doses for the PMMA phantom irradiations was equal to 1.007 � 0.024. When the IVD method was applied to the 20 patients, the average R ratio was equal to 1.003 � 0.017 and 96% of the tests were within the acceptance criteria. The portal image ?-analysis supplied 88% of the tests within the pass rates ?{sub mean} ? 0.4 and P{sub ?<1} ? 98%. All the warnings were understood comparing the CT and the cone beam CT images and in one case a patient's setup error was detected and corrected for the successive fractions. Conclusions: This preliminary experience suggests that the method is able to detect dosimetric errors in quasi real time at the end of the therapy session. The authors intend to extend this procedure to other pathologies with the integration of in-room imaging verification by cone beam CT.
Real-time operating systems at higher control
Jensen, E.D.
Although virtually all development of real-time operating systems focuses on the lowest of the three traditional control levels, sheet economics demands higher level real-time OSs. Meeting this demand requires a major change in the mindset of the people who have been focusing on the lowest level of control. {open_quotes}These people are trying to deal with an elephant`s tail, but they don`t realize that there is an elephant attached to it.{close_quotes} For more than three decades, the historical real-time mindset, concepts and techniques have been driven by a particular pair of contexts. First is the application context, which can be characterized as {open_quotes}small, simple, centralized, static subsystems for low-level, sampled data, monitoring and first-order control.{close_quotes} Second is the hardware context, characterized by a scarcity of hardware resources due to size, weight, power and cost considerations. Both of these contexts are changing dramatically in ways that {open_quotes}have a significant impact on the concepts and techniques of real-time computing.{close_quotes} Hardware now offers much higher performance and the real-time domain is expanding upward in the application control hierarchy.
Parallel architecture for real-time simulation. Master's thesis
Cockrell, C.D.
This thesis is concerned with the development of a very fast and highly efficient parallel computer architecture for real-time simulation of continuous systems. Currently, several parallel processing systems exist that may be capable of executing a complex simulation in real-time. These systems are examined and the pros and cons of each system discussed. The thesis then introduced a custom-designed parallel architecture based upon The University of Alabama's OPERA architecture. Each component of this system is discussed and rationale presented for its selection. The problem selected, real-time simulation of the Space Shuttle Main Engine for the test and evaluation of the proposed architecture, is explored, identifying the areas where parallelism can be exploited and parallel processing applied. Results from the test and evaluation phase are presented and compared with the results of the same problem that has been processed on a uniprocessor system.
Test applications for heterogeneous real-time network testbed
Mines, R.F.; Knightly, E.W.
This paper investigates several applications for a heterogeneous real-time network testbed. The network is heterogeneous in terms of network devices, technologies, protocols, and algorithms. The network is real-time in that its services can provide per-connection end-to-end performance guarantees. Although different parts of the network use different algorithms, all components have the necessary mechanisms to provide performance guarantees: admission control and priority scheduling. Three applications for this network are described in this paper: a video conferencing tool, a tool for combustion modeling using distributed computing, and an MPEG video archival system. Each has minimum performance requirements that must be provided by the network. By analyzing these applications, we provide insights to the traffic characteristics and performance requirements of practical real-time loads.
Towards Real Time Diagnostics of Hybrid Welding Laser/GMAW
Timothy Mcjunkin; Dennis C. Kunerth; Corrie Nichol; Evgueni Todorov; Steve Levesque; Feng Yu; Robert Danna Couch
Methods are currently being developed towards a more robust system real time feedback in the high throughput process combining laser welding with gas metal arc welding. A combination of ultrasonic, eddy current, electronic monitoring, and visual techniques are being applied to the welding process. Initial simulation and bench top evaluation of proposed real time techniques on weld samples are presented along with the concepts to apply the techniques concurrently to the weld process. Consideration for the eventual code acceptance of the methods and system are also being researched as a component of this project. The goal is to detect defects or precursors to defects and correct when possible during the weld process.
Towards real time diagnostics of Hybrid Welding Laser/GMAW
McJunkin, T. R.; Kunerth, D. C.; Nichol, C. I. [Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415-3570 (United States); Todorov, E.; Levesque, S. [Edison Welding Institute, Columbus, OH (United States)
Methods are currently being developed towards a more robust system real time feedback in the high throughput process combining laser welding with gas metal arc welding. A combination of ultrasonic, eddy current, electronic monitoring, and visual techniques are being applied to the welding process. Initial simulation and bench top evaluation of proposed real time techniques on weld samples are presented along with the concepts to apply the techniques concurrently to the weld process. Consideration for the eventual code acceptance of the methods and system are also being researched as a component of this project. The goal is to detect defects or precursors to defects and correct when possible during the weld process.
Handheld portable real-time tracking and communications device
Wiseman, James M. (Albuquerque, NM); Riblett, Jr., Loren E. (Edgewood, NM); Green, Karl L. (Albuquerque, NM); Hunter, John A. (Albuquerque, NM); Cook, III, Robert N. (Rio Rancho, NM); Stevens, James R. (Arlington, VA)
Portable handheld real-time tracking and communications devices include; a controller module, communications module including global positioning and mesh network radio module, data transfer and storage module, and a user interface module enclosed in a water-resistant enclosure. Real-time tracking and communications devices can be used by protective force, security and first responder personnel to provide situational awareness allowing for enhance coordination and effectiveness in rapid response situations. Such devices communicate to other authorized devices via mobile ad-hoc wireless networks, and do not require fixed infrastructure for their operation.
Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsrucLas ConchasPassive Solar HomePromising Science for1PrincipalRare | NationalReal-TimeReal-Time
Flash Memory Garbage Collection in Hard Real-Time Systems
Lai, Chien-An
collection and compare it to that of more proactive schemes. I develop formulas to assess the schedulability of hard real- time periodic task sets under simpli ed memory consumption models. Results show that I prove the proactive schemes achieve the larger... work in the area of ash memory management. Moreover, we review the previous research about garbage collection in real-time system. In Chapter III we will describe a simpli ed ash memory model that will be used throughout the rest of the thesis...
A real-time airborne scatterometer data processor
Reisor, Gary James
Subject: Electrical Fngineering A REAL-TIME AIRBORNE SCATTEROMETER DATA PROCESSOR A Thesis by Gary James Reisor Approved as to style and content by: arrman o Committee Hea o Depa tment em er Mem er August 1976 ABSTRACT A Real-time Airborne...b. Read-Only Memory Uni. 't. III-10a, RAM Unit Block Diagram III-10b. ROM Unit Block Diagram IV-1. Asynch I/O Unit Block Diagram 48 50 50 55 IV-2. Asynchronous Data Requires Start and Stop Bits. 56 IV-3. Format and Status Port Bit...
Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -the Mid-Infrared at 278, 298, andEpidermalOxide FuelReal-Time ChemicalReal-Time
Real-Time Traffic Information for Emergency Evacuation Operations: Phase A Final Report
Franzese, Oscar [ORNL; Zhang, Li [Mississippi State University (MSU); Mahmoud, Anas M. [Mississippi State University (MSU); Lascurain, Mary Beth [ORNL; Wen, Yi [Mississippi State University (MSU)
There are many instances in which it is possible to plan ahead for an emergency evacuation (e.g., an explosion at a chemical processing facility). For those cases, if an accident (or an attack) were to happen, then the best evacuation plan for the prevailing network and weather conditions would be deployed. In other cases (e.g., the derailment of a train transporting hazardous materials), there may not be any previously developed plan to be implemented and decisions must be made ad-hoc on how to proceed with an emergency evacuation. In both situations, the availability of real-time traffic information plays a critical role in the management of the evacuation operations. To improve public safety during a vehicular emergency evacuation it is necessary to detect losses of road capacity (due to incidents, for example) as early as possible. Once these bottlenecks are identified, re-routing strategies must be determined in real-time and deployed in the field to help dissipate the congestion and increase the efficiency of the evacuation. Due to cost constraints, only large urban areas have traffic sensor deployments that permit access to some sort of real-time traffic information; any evacuation taking place in any other areas of the country would have to proceed without real-time traffic information. The latter was the focus of this SERRI/DHS (Southeast Region Research Initiative/Department of Homeland Security) sponsored project. That is, the main objective on the project was to improve the operations during a vehicular emergency evacuation anywhere by using newly developed real-time traffic-information-gathering technologies to assess traffic conditions and therefore to potentially detect incidents on the main evacuation routes. Phase A of the project consisted in the development and testing of a prototype system composed of sensors that are engineered in such a way that they can be rapidly deployed in the field where and when they are needed. Each one of these sensors is also equipped with their own power supply and a GPS (Global Positioning System) device to auto-determine its spatial location on the transportation network under surveillance. The system is capable of assessing traffic parameters by identifying and re-identifying vehicles in the traffic stream as those vehicles pass over the sensors. The system of sensors transmits, through wireless communication, real-time traffic information (travel time and other parameters) to a command and control center via an NTCIP (National Transportation Communication for ITS Protocol) -compatible interface. As an alternative, an existing NTCIP-compatible system accepts the real-time traffic information mentioned and broadcasts the traffic information to emergency managers, the media and the public via the existing channels. A series of tests, both in a controlled environment and on the field, were conducted to study the feasibility of rapidly deploying the system of traffic sensors and to assess its ability to provide real-time traffic information during an emergency evacuation. The results of these tests indicated that the prototype sensors are reliable and accurate for the type of application that is the focus of this project.
Coello, Carlos A. Coello
of searching for multiple solutions concurrently in a single run. Transforming this multiobjective optimizationGENETIC ALGORITHMS APPLIED TO REAL TIME MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS Z. BINGUL, A. firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Genetic algorithms are often well suited for multiobjective optimization problems. In this work
Note: A real-time beam current density meter
Liu Junliang; Yu Deyang; Ruan Fangfang; Xue Yingli; Wang Wei [Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000 (China)
We have developed a real-time beam current density meter for charged particle beams. It measures the mean current density by collimating a uniform and large diameter primary beam. The suppression of the secondary electrons and the deflection of the beam were simulated, and it was tested with a 105 keV Ar{sup 7+} ion beam.
Zhang, Junshan
TOWARDS REAL-TIME GENERATION SCHEDULING IN MICROGRIDS WITH PERFORMANCE GUARANTEE LIAN LU, JINLONG TU, CHI-KIN CHAU, MINGHUA CHEN, ZHAO XU AND XIAOJUN LIN INTRODUCTION Microgrid is an emerging- generation improves generation efficiency by 2-3x. A key problem in microgrid operations is how to schedule
Timeliness via Speculation for Real-Time Databases Azer Bestavros
extremes. PCC locking protocols detect con icts as soon as they occur and resolve them using blocking. OCC protocols detect con icts at transac- tion committime and resolve them using rollbacks (restarts). For real-time databases, blockages and rollbacks are hazards that increase the likelihood of transactions missing
Real time sensors in geothermal fluids: their costs and benefits
Jensen, G.A.; Shannon, D.W.; Hazelton, R.F.
A summary of the PNL effort, a background discussion on geothermal power plants, and a discussion of several cases where problems were identified and in some cases prevented are included. Cost factors, savings, and benefits-costs to the sponsor are summarized and brief conclusions concerning the benefits of having real time instrumentation installed in the power plant are characterized.
Skadron, Kevin
ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN REAL-TIME MULTI-TIER INTERNET SERVICES A Dissertation Presented to the faculty This dissertation has been read and approved by the examining Committee: Kevin Skadron (Advisor) Sudhanva Gurumurthi and Applied Science: James H. Aylor (Dean) May 2008 #12;Abstract Energy management only recently emerged
Compilation and Synthesis for Real-Time Embedded Controllers
Müller-Olm, Markus
Compilation and Synthesis for Real-Time Embedded Controllers Martin Fr¨anzle1 and Markus M¨firstname.lastname@example.com 2 University of Dortmund, Department of Computer Science, FB 4, LS 5, 44221 Dortmund, Germany Markus.Mueller-Olm
Real Time Dynamic Fracture with Volumetric Approximate Convex Decompositions
Müller-Fischer, Matthias
¨uller Nuttapong Chentanez Tae-Yong Kim NVIDIA Figure 1: Destruction of a Roman arena with 1m vertices and 500k and complex objects in real time. The common method for fracture simulation in computer games is to pre-fracture models and replace objects by their pre-computed parts at run-time. This popular method
Real Time Emulations: Foundation and Applications Azalia Mirhoseini
developed and used emulations to overcome and complement the shortcomings of simulations for logic verifi Measurement, Performance Keywords Real-time emultion, Thermal modeling 1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION At large vineyards, there are often several rose bushes planted throughout. The reason is not the romantic nature
Real-Time Scheduling for Energy Harvesting Sensors
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
autonomous sensors to scavenge the energy in the environment. Environmental applications include forest fireReal-Time Scheduling for Energy Harvesting Sensors Maryline Chetto IRCCyN Lab University of Nantes Institut Universitaire de Technologie - Saida E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract-- Energy
Real-time MISO UWB Radio Testbed and Waveform Design
Qiu, Robert Caiming
Real-time MISO UWB Radio Testbed and Waveform Design Yu Song, Zhen Hu, Nan Guo, and Robert C. Qiu-input single-output (MISO) ultra-wideband (UWB) radio testbed, which involves Xinlix Virtex-5 Field in indoor environment. The transmitted MISO signals are optimized in the passband with a bandwidth up to 500
Closed-loop real-time control on distributed networks
Ambike, Ajit Dilip
in presence of network delays and packet losses. A single actuator magnetic ball levitation system was used as a test bed to validate the proposed algorithm. A brief study of real-time requirements of the networked control system is presented and a client-server...
Real-Time Networked Control with Multiple Clients
Lee, Minhyung
in this research due to its better real-time performance instead of transmission control protocol (TCP). Although UDP has no guarantee for transferring data, it has smaller overheads and less time delay than TCP. Since the robotic wheelchair and the server are run...
Real-Time Traffic Information for Emergency Evacuation Operations
Real-Time Traffic Information for Emergency Evacuation Operations Research Brief Oak Ridge National Environment Safety Security Vehicle Technologies T here are many instances in which it is possible to plan. The system of sensors will transmit through satellite links, or other robust communication means, real
Constraint Orientated Specification with CSP and Real Time Temporal Logic
Kent, University of
Constraint Orientated Specification with CSP and Real Time Temporal Logic Justin Pearson Department Processes (CSP) [Hoa85] and a version of Propositional Temporal Logic (PTL), derived from [Eme90]. CSP. The behaviour of a CSP process is dependent on its environment; it is therefore difficult to assert global
Concurrent and Real Time Systems: the CSP approach Steve Schneider
Doran, Simon J.
Concurrent and Real Time Systems: the CSP approach by Steve Schneider First published 1999 Systems the CSP approach Steve Schneider A Wiley-Interscience Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. New York Whitehead This book provides an introduction to Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) and its use
: A Testbed for Empirically Comparing Real-Time Multiprocessor Schedulers
Anderson, James
on M processors any pe- riodic task system with total utilization at most M [2], and the global-deadline-first (EDF) scheduling, pre- emptive and nonpreemptive global EDF scheduling, and two variants of the global-real-time constraints. To our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt by anyone to compare partitioned and global
Real Time PMU-Based Stability Monitoring Final Project Report
Real Time PMU-Based Stability Monitoring Final Project Report Power Systems Engineering email@example.com Phone: 509-335-1150 Power Systems Engineering Research Center The Power Systems Engineering Research Center (PSERC) is a multi-university Center conducting research on challenges facing the electric power
Functional Speci cation of Real-Time and Hybrid Systems ?
of embedded real-time systems in a physical environment. Recently, a number of description and spec- i cationSys" and by BMW (Bay- erische Motoren Werke AG). #12;slight modi cations must be carried through, so, or sent to, the environment. Therefore, every channel re ects an input or output communication history
Real-Time Redox Measurements during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Reveal
Mullins, Dyche
Real-Time Redox Measurements during Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Reveal Interlinked Protein Folding.10.011 SUMMARY Disruption of protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes unfolded proteins to accumu is active. Because ER redox po- tential is optimized for oxidative protein folding, we reasoned
Real-time electron density measurements from Cotton-Mouton effect in JET machine
Brombin, M. [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova (Italy); Electrical Engineering Department, Padova University, via Gradenigo 6-A, 35131 Padova (Italy); Boboc, A.; Zabeo, L. [EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, OX14 3DB Abingdon (United Kingdom); Murari, A. [Consorzio RFX, Associazione EURATOM-ENEA, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova (Italy)
Real-time density profile measurements are essential for advanced fusion tokamak operation and interferometry is a proven method for this task. Nevertheless, as a consequence of edge localized modes, pellet injections, fast density increases, or disruptions, the interferometer is subject to fringe jumps, which produce loss of the signal preventing reliable use of the measured density in a real-time feedback controller. An alternative method to measure the density is polarimetry based on the Cotton-Mouton effect, which is proportional to the line-integrated electron density. A new analysis approach has been implemented and tested to verify the reliability of the Cotton-Mouton measurements for a wide range of plasma parameters and to compare the density evaluated from polarimetry with that from interferometry. The density measurements based on polarimetry are going to be integrated in the real-time control system of JET since the difference with the interferometry is within one fringe for more than 90% of the cases.
George Scott III
Ongoing Phase 2 work comprises the development and field-testing of a real-time reservoir stimulation diagnostic system. Phase 3 work commenced in June 2001, and involved conducting research, development and field-testing of real-time enhanced dual-fluid stimulation processes. Experimental field-testing to date includes three well tests. Application of these real-time stimulation processes and diagnostic technologies has been technically successful with commercial production from the ''marginal'' reservoirs in the first two well tests. The third well test proved downhole-mixing is an efficient process for acid stimulation of a carbonate reservoir that produced oil and gas with 2200 psi bottomhole reservoir pressure, however, subsequent shut-in pressure testing indicated the reservoir was characterized by low-permeability. Realtimezone continues to seek patent protection in foreign markets to the benefit of both RTZ and NETL. Realtimezone and the NETL have licensed the United States patented to Halliburton Energy Services (HES). Ongoing Phase 2 and Phase 3 field-testing continues to confirm applications of both real-time technologies, from well testing conducted over the last 12-month work period and including well test scheduled for year-end of 2002. Technical data transfer to industry is ongoing via Internet tech-transfer, public presentations and industry publications. Final Phase 3 test work will be focused on further field-testing the innovational process of blending stimulation fluids downhole. This system provides a number of advantages in comparison to older industry fracturing techniques and allows the operator to control reservoir fracture propagation and concentrations of proppant placed in the reservoir, in real-time. Another observed advantage is that lower friction pressures result, which results in lower pump treating pressures and safer reservoir hydraulic fracturing jobs.
E-Print Network 3.0 - abbott real-time ct Sample Search Results
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
The main challenge involved in scheduling transactions in a Real-Time Data... scheduling and concurrency control techniques. Current real-time concurrency control...
Perspectives on Real-Time Grid Operating Technologies to Manage Reliability in the Western Interconnection
Whitley, Eric
Real-Time Grid Operating Technologies to Manage ReliabilityEto Environmental Energy Technologies Division October 2013Real-Time Grid Operating Technologies to Manage Reliability
Improving Building Performance at Urban Scale with a Framework for Real-time Data Sharing
Pang, Xiufeng
Real-time Data Sharing Xiufeng Pang, Tianzhen Hong, Mary AnnReal-time Data Sharing Xiufeng Pang, Tianzhen Hong*, Mary
Real-Time Building Energy Simulation Using EnergyPlus and the Building Controls Test Bed
Pang, Xiufeng; Bhattachayra, Prajesh; O'Neill, Zheng; Haves, Philip; Wetter, Michael; Bailey, Trevor
Most commercial buildings do not perform as well in practice as intended by the design and their performances often deteriorate over time. Reasons include faulty construction, malfunctioning equipment, incorrectly configured control systems and inappropriate operating procedures (Haves et al., 2001, Lee et al., 2007). To address this problem, the paper presents a simulation-based whole building performance monitoring tool that allows a comparison of building actual performance and expected performance in real time. The tool continuously acquires relevant building model input variables from existing Energy Management and Control System (EMCS). It then reports expected energy consumption as simulated of EnergyPlus. The Building Control Virtual Test Bed (BCVTB) is used as the software platform to provide data linkage between the EMCS, an EnergyPlus model, and a database. This paper describes the integrated real-time simulation environment. A proof-of-concept demonstration is also presented in the paper.
Real-time Fourier transform spectrometry for fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry
Buican, T.N.
We present a Fourier transform (FT) spectrometer that is suitable for real-time spectral analysis in fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry. The instrument consists of a novel type of interferometer that can be modulated at frequencies of up to 100 kHz and has a high light throughput; and a dedicated, parallel array processor for the real-time computation of spectral parameters. The data acquisition array processor can be programmed by a host computer to perform any desired linear transform on the interferogram and can thus separate contributions from multiple fluorescence microscopy. The integration of a flow cytometer and a spectral imaging fluorescence microscope is discussed, and the concepts of direct and reversed virtual sorting'' are introduced. 9 refs., 8 figs.
PONDER - A Real time software backend for pulsar and IPS observations at the Ooty Radio Telescope
Naidu, Arun; Manoharan, P K; Krishnakumar, M A
This paper describes a new real-time versatile backend, the Pulsar Ooty Radio Telescope New Digital Efficient Receiver (PONDER), which has been designed to operate along with the legacy analog system of the Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT). PONDER makes use of the current state of the art computing hardware, a Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) and sufficiently large disk storage to support high time resolution real-time data of pulsar observations, obtained by coherent dedispersion over a bandpass of 16 MHz. Four different modes for pulsar observations are implemented in PONDER to provide standard reduced data products, such as time-stamped integrated profiles and dedispersed time series, allowing faster avenues to scientific results for a variety of pulsar studies. Additionally, PONDER also supports general modes of interplanetary scintillation (IPS) measurements and very long baseline interferometry data recording. The IPS mode yields a single polarisation correlated time series of solar wind scintillation over a b...
Real-Time Systems, Special Issue on Control-theoretical Approaches to Real-Time Computing, 23(1/2): 85-126, 2002 Feedback Control Real-Time Scheduling: Framework, Modeling, and Algorithms*
Lu, Chenyang
(1/2): 85-126, 2002 Feedback Control Real-Time Scheduling: Framework, Modeling, and Algorithms* Chenyang email@example.com email@example.com Abstract This paper presents a Feedback Control real-time Scheduling (FCS. These admission-control-based algorithms represent the third major paradigm for real-time scheduling. However
Analysis of real-time reservoir monitoring : reservoirs, strategies, & modeling.
Mani, Seethambal S.; van Bloemen Waanders, Bart Gustaaf; Cooper, Scott Patrick; Jakaboski, Blake Elaine; Normann, Randy Allen; Jennings, Jim (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Gilbert, Bob (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Lake, Larry W. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Weiss, Chester Joseph; Lorenz, John Clay; Elbring, Gregory Jay; Wheeler, Mary Fanett (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Thomas, Sunil G. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Rightley, Michael J.; Rodriguez, Adolfo (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Klie, Hector (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Banchs, Rafael (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Nunez, Emilio J. (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX); Jablonowski, Chris (University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX)
The project objective was to detail better ways to assess and exploit intelligent oil and gas field information through improved modeling, sensor technology, and process control to increase ultimate recovery of domestic hydrocarbons. To meet this objective we investigated the use of permanent downhole sensors systems (Smart Wells) whose data is fed real-time into computational reservoir models that are integrated with optimized production control systems. The project utilized a three-pronged approach (1) a value of information analysis to address the economic advantages, (2) reservoir simulation modeling and control optimization to prove the capability, and (3) evaluation of new generation sensor packaging to survive the borehole environment for long periods of time. The Value of Information (VOI) decision tree method was developed and used to assess the economic advantage of using the proposed technology; the VOI demonstrated the increased subsurface resolution through additional sensor data. Our findings show that the VOI studies are a practical means of ascertaining the value associated with a technology, in this case application of sensors to production. The procedure acknowledges the uncertainty in predictions but nevertheless assigns monetary value to the predictions. The best aspect of the procedure is that it builds consensus within interdisciplinary teams The reservoir simulation and modeling aspect of the project was developed to show the capability of exploiting sensor information both for reservoir characterization and to optimize control of the production system. Our findings indicate history matching is improved as more information is added to the objective function, clearly indicating that sensor information can help in reducing the uncertainty associated with reservoir characterization. Additional findings and approaches used are described in detail within the report. The next generation sensors aspect of the project evaluated sensors and packaging survivability issues. Our findings indicate that packaging represents the most significant technical challenge associated with application of sensors in the downhole environment for long periods (5+ years) of time. These issues are described in detail within the report. The impact of successful reservoir monitoring programs and coincident improved reservoir management is measured by the production of additional oil and gas volumes from existing reservoirs, revitalization of nearly depleted reservoirs, possible re-establishment of already abandoned reservoirs, and improved economics for all cases. Smart Well monitoring provides the means to understand how a reservoir process is developing and to provide active reservoir management. At the same time it also provides data for developing high-fidelity simulation models. This work has been a joint effort with Sandia National Laboratories and UT-Austin's Bureau of Economic Geology, Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering, and the Institute of Computational and Engineering Mathematics.
Modular Sampling and Analysis Techniques for the Real-Time Analysis of Human Breath
Frank, M; Farquar, G; Adams, K; Bogan, M; Martin, A; Benner, H; Spadaccini, C; Steele, P; Davis, C; Loyola, B; Morgan, J; Sankaran, S
At LLNL and UC Davis, we are developing several techniques for the real-time sampling and analysis of trace gases, aerosols and exhaled breath that could be useful for a modular, integrated system for breath analysis. Those techniques include single-particle bioaerosol mass spectrometry (BAMS) for the analysis of exhaled aerosol particles or droplets as well as breath samplers integrated with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or MEMS-based differential mobility spectrometry (DMS). We describe these techniques and present recent data obtained from human breath or breath condensate, in particular, addressing the question of how environmental exposure influences the composition of breath.
In-Situ Real Time Monitoring and Control of Mold Making and Filling Processes: Final Report
Mohamed Abdelrahman; Kenneth Currie
This project presents a model for addressing several objectives envisioned by the metal casting industries through the integration of research and educational components. It provides an innovative approach to introduce technologies for real time characterization of sand molds, lost foam patterns and monitoring of the mold filling process. The technology developed will enable better control over the casting process. It is expected to reduce scrap and variance in the casting quality. A strong educational component is integrated into the research plan to utilize increased awareness of the industry professional, the potential benefits of the developed technology, and the potential benefits of cross cutting technologies.
Subsystem real-time Time Dependent Density Functional Theory
Krishtal, Alisa; Pavanello, Michele
We present the extension of Frozen Density Embedding (FDE) theory to real-time Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (rt-TDDFT). FDE a is DFT-in-DFT embedding method that allows to partition a larger Kohn-Sham system into a set of smaller, coupled Kohn-Sham systems. Additional to the computational advantage, FDE provides physical insight into the properties of embedded systems and the coupling interactions between them. The extension to rt-TDDFT is done straightforwardly by evolving the Kohn-Sham subsystems in time simultaneously, while updating the embedding potential between the systems at every time step. Two main applications are presented: the explicit excitation energy transfer in real time between subsystems is demonstrated for the case of the Na$_4$ cluster and the effect of the embedding on optical spectra of coupled chromophores. In particular, the importance of including the full dynamic response in the embedding potential is demonstrated.
Wide-area, real-time monitoring and visualization system
Budhraja, Vikram S. (Los Angeles, CA); Dyer, James D. (La Mirada, CA); Martinez Morales, Carlos A. (Upland, CA)
A real-time performance monitoring system for monitoring an electric power grid. The electric power grid has a plurality of grid portions, each grid portion corresponding to one of a plurality of control areas. The real-time performance monitoring system includes a monitor computer for monitoring at least one of reliability metrics, generation metrics, transmission metrics, suppliers metrics, grid infrastructure security metrics, and markets metrics for the electric power grid. The data for metrics being monitored by the monitor computer are stored in a data base, and a visualization of the metrics is displayed on at least one display computer having a monitor. The at least one display computer in one said control area enables an operator to monitor the grid portion corresponding to a different said control area.
Wide-area, real-time monitoring and visualization system
Budhraja, Vikram S.; Dyer, James D.; Martinez Morales, Carlos A.
A real-time performance monitoring system for monitoring an electric power grid. The electric power grid has a plurality of grid portions, each grid portion corresponding to one of a plurality of control areas. The real-time performance monitoring system includes a monitor computer for monitoring at least one of reliability metrics, generation metrics, transmission metrics, suppliers metrics, grid infrastructure security metrics, and markets metrics for the electric power grid. The data for metrics being monitored by the monitor computer are stored in a data base, and a visualization of the metrics is displayed on at least one display computer having a monitor. The at least one display computer in one said control area enables an operator to monitor the grid portion corresponding to a different said control area.
Real-time performance monitoring and management system
Budhraja, Vikram S. (Los Angeles, CA); Dyer, James D. (La Mirada, CA); Martinez Morales, Carlos A. (Upland, CA)
A real-time performance monitoring system for monitoring an electric power grid. The electric power grid has a plurality of grid portions, each grid portion corresponding to one of a plurality of control areas. The real-time performance monitoring system includes a monitor computer for monitoring at least one of reliability metrics, generation metrics, transmission metrics, suppliers metrics, grid infrastructure security metrics, and markets metrics for the electric power grid. The data for metrics being monitored by the monitor computer are stored in a data base, and a visualization of the metrics is displayed on at least one display computer having a monitor. The at least one display computer in one said control area enables an operator to monitor the grid portion corresponding to a different said control area.
Coordinated Home Energy Management for Real-Time Power Balancing
Chang, Tsung-Hui; Scaglione, Anna
This paper proposes a coordinated home energy management system (HEMS) architecture where the distributed residential units cooperate with each other to achieve real-time power balancing. The economic benefits for the retailer and incentives for the customers to participate in the proposed coordinated HEMS program are given. We formulate the coordinated HEMS design problem as a dynamic programming (DP) and use approximate DP approaches to efficiently handle the design problem. A distributed implementation algorithm based on the convex optimization based dual decomposition technique is also presented. Our focus in the current paper is on the deferrable appliances, such as Plug-in (Hybrid) Electric Vehicles (PHEV), in view of their higher impact on the grid stability. Simulation results shows that the proposed coordinated HEMS architecture can efficiently improve the real-time power balancing.
Real time markerless motion tracking using linked kinematic chains
Luck, Jason P. (Arvada, CO); Small, Daniel E. (Albuquerque, NM)
A markerless method is described for tracking the motion of subjects in a three dimensional environment using a model based on linked kinematic chains. The invention is suitable for tracking robotic, animal or human subjects in real-time using a single computer with inexpensive video equipment, and does not require the use of markers or specialized clothing. A simple model of rigid linked segments is constructed of the subject and tracked using three dimensional volumetric data collected by a multiple camera video imaging system. A physics based method is then used to compute forces to align the model with subsequent volumetric data sets in real-time. The method is able to handle occlusion of segments and accommodates joint limits, velocity constraints, and collision constraints and provides for error recovery. The method further provides for elimination of singularities in Jacobian based calculations, which has been problematic in alternative methods.
A versatile real-time spectral analysis system
Hancock, Mark Steven
. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS REFERENCES APPENDIX A. MINDOWING APPENDIX B. CCD TRANSVERSAL FILTERS VITA Page 65 71 73 81 92 93 105 105 106 106 108 112 114 134 170 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Filterbank Technique for Spectral Analysis 2... 1. Filter Bank Technique 2. Sliding Filter Technique 3. Dispersive Filter Technique 4. Discrete Fourier Transform Techniques B. Applications Requiring Spectral Analysis . . 1. Real-Time Radar Scatterometer Data Processing 2. Chirp FN Radar Data...
Embedded Real-Time Systems Electrical Model Quad Rotor UAV
Langendoen, Koen
Sys (2013-2014) #12;10 System SW view joystick QR PC link PC lift roll pitch yaw sensorsES joystickIn4073 Embedded Real-Time Systems Electrical Model Quad Rotor UAV #12;2 TE0300 FPGA System HW view), pitch rate (M), and yaw rate (N) (see qrsim for example!) x z y engine 4 engine 3 engine 2 engine 1 In
Procedures for the Integration of Complete Year Texas Weather Data Files for eCalc-Emissions Reduction Calculator
Yazdani, B.; Haberl, J. S.; Baltazar-Cervantes, J. C.; Culp, C.; Gilman, D.
of contiguous weather files requires the integration of data from several sources, i.e., as an hourly data binary packed file for DOE-2 simulations, as daily data for the analysis of monthly utility bills, or as monthly average data for renewable systems... processing to synthesize direct-normal and diffuse data required by DOE-2. In cases where the global horizontal solar radiation data are missing, the following approaches are used to fill the data. For short gaps of 6 hours or less, missing data...
Real-time Pricing Demand Response in Operations
Widergren, Steven E.; Marinovici, Maria C.; Berliner, Teri; Graves, Alan
Abstract�Dynamic pricing schemes have been implemented in commercial and industrial application settings, and recently they are getting attention for application to residential customers. Time-of-use and critical-peak-pricing rates are in place in various regions and are being piloted in many more. These programs are proving themselves useful for balancing energy during peak periods; however, real-time (5 minute) pricing signals combined with automation in end-use systems have the potential to deliver even more benefits to operators and consumers. Besides system peak shaving, a real-time pricing system can contribute demand response based on the locational marginal price of electricity, reduce load in response to a generator outage, and respond to local distribution system capacity limiting situations. The US Department of Energy (DOE) is teaming with a mid-west electricity service provider to run a distribution feeder-based retail electricity market that negotiates with residential automation equipment and clears every 5 minutes, thus providing a signal for lowering or raising electric consumption based on operational objectives of economic efficiency and reliability. This paper outlines the capability of the real-time pricing system and the operational scenarios being tested as the system is rolled-out starting in the first half of 2012.
Real time 3D and heterogeneous data fusion
Little, C.Q.; Small, D.E.
This project visualizes characterization data in a 3D setting, in real time. Real time in this sense means collecting the data and presenting it before it delays the user, and processing faster than the acquisition systems so no bottlenecks occur. The goals have been to build a volumetric viewer to display 3D data, demonstrate projecting other data, such as images, onto the 3D data, and display both the 3D and projected images as fast as the data became available. The authors have examined several ways to display 3D surface data. The most effective was generating polygonal surface meshes. They have created surface maps form a continuous stream of 3D range data, fused image data onto the geometry, and displayed the data with a standard 3D rendering package. In parallel with this, they have developed a method to project real-time images onto the surface created. A key component is mapping the data on the correct surfaces, which requires a-priori positional information along with accurate calibration of the camera and lens system.
Managing high-bandwidth real-time data storage
Bigelow, David D. [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Brandt, Scott A [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bent, John M [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Chen, Hsing-Bung [Los Alamos National Laboratory
There exist certain systems which generate real-time data at high bandwidth, but do not necessarily require the long-term retention of that data in normal conditions. In some cases, the data may not actually be useful, and in others, there may be too much data to permanently retain in long-term storage whether it is useful or not. However, certain portions of the data may be identified as being vitally important from time to time, and must therefore be retained for further analysis or permanent storage without interrupting the ongoing collection of new data. We have developed a system, Mahanaxar, intended to address this problem. It provides quality of service guarantees for incoming real-time data streams and simultaneous access to already-recorded data on a best-effort basis utilizing any spare bandwidth. It has built in mechanisms for reliability and indexing, can scale upwards to meet increasing bandwidth requirements, and handles both small and large data elements equally well. We will show that a prototype version of this system provides better performance than a flat file (traditional filesystem) based version, particularly with regard to quality of service guarantees and hard real-time requirements.
One-handed interface for multitouch-enabled real-time strategy games
California at Santa Cruz, University of
.edu ABSTRACT Historically, real-time strategy video games, such as Star- craft (Blizzard Entertainment, 1999
Feedback Control of the Sawtooth Period through Real Time Control of the Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency
Feedback Control of the Sawtooth Period through Real Time Control of the Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency
Imaging gene expression in real-time using aptamers
Shin, Il Chung
Signal transduction pathways are usually activated by external stimuli and are transient. The downstream changes such as transcription of the activated genes are also transient. Real-time detection of promoter activity is useful for understanding changes in gene expression, especially during cell differentiation and in development. A simple and reliable method for viewing gene expression in real time is not yet available. Reporter proteins such as fluorescent proteins and luciferase allow for non-invasive detection of the products of gene expression in living cells. However, current reporter systems do not provide for real-time imaging of promoter activity in living cells. This is because of the long time period after transcription required for fluorescent protein synthesis and maturation. We have developed an RNA reporter system for imaging in real-time to detect changes in promoter activity as they occur. The RNA reporter uses strings of RNA aptamers that constitute IMAGEtags (Intracellular MultiAptamer GEnetic tags), which can be expressed from a promoter of choice. The tobramycin, neomycin and PDC RNA aptamers have been utilized for this system and expressed in yeast from the GAL1 promoter. The IMAGEtag RNA kinetics were quantified by RT-qPCR. In yeast precultured in raffinose containing media the GAL1 promoter responded faster than in yeast precultured in glucose containing media. IMAGEtag RNA has relatively short half-life (5.5 min) in yeast. For imaging, the yeast cells are incubated with their ligands that are labeled with fluorescent dyes. To increase signal to noise, ligands have been separately conjugated with the FRET (F�rster resonance energy transfer) pairs, Cy3 and Cy5. With these constructs, the transcribed aptamers can be imaged after activation of the promoter by galactose. FRET was confirmed with three different approaches, which were sensitized emission, acceptor photobleaching and donor lifetime by FLIM (fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy). Real-time transcription was measured by FLIM-FRET, which was detected by the decrease in donor lifetime resulting from ligand binding to IMAGEtags that were newly synthesized from the activated GAL1 promoter. The FRET signal was specific for transcribed IMAGEtags.
NREL: MIDC/NWTC M2 Real-Time Weather Display
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The Liverpool Telescope Automatic Pipeline for Real-time GRB Afterglow Detection
A. Gomboc; A. Monfardini; C. Guidorzi; C. G. Mundell; C. J. Mottram; S. N. Fraser; R. J. Smith; I. A. Steele; D. Carter; M. F. Bode; A. M. Newsam
The 2-m robotic Liverpool Telescope (LT) is ideally suited to the rapid follow-up of unpredictable and transient events such as GRBs. Our GRB follow-up strategy is designed to identify optical/IR counterparts in real time; it involves the automatic triggering of initial observations, on receipt of an alert from Gamma Ray Observatories HETE-2, INTEGRAL and Swift, followed by automated data reduction, analysis, OT identification and subsequent observing mode choice. The lack of human intervention in this process requires robustness at all stages of the procedure. Here we describe the telescope, its instrumentation and GRB pipeline.
The Liverpool Telescope Automatic Pipeline for Real-time GRB Afterglow Detection
Gomboc, A; Guidorzi, C; Mundell, C G; Mottram, C J; Fraser, S N; Smith, R J; Steele, I A; Carter, D; Bode, M F; Newsam, A M
The 2-m robotic Liverpool Telescope (LT) is ideally suited to the rapid follow-up of unpredictable and transient events such as GRBs. Our GRB follow-up strategy is designed to identify optical/IR counterparts in real time; it involves the automatic triggering of initial observations, on receipt of an alert from Gamma Ray Observatories HETE-2, INTEGRAL and Swift, followed by automated data reduction, analysis, OT identification and subsequent observing mode choice. The lack of human intervention in this process requires robustness at all stages of the procedure. Here we describe the telescope, its instrumentation and GRB pipeline.
Near real time vapor detection and enhancement using aerosol adsorption
Novick, Vincent J.; Johnson, Stanley A.
A vapor sample detection method where the vapor sample contains vapor and ambient air and surrounding natural background particles. The vapor sample detection method includes the steps of generating a supply of aerosol that have a particular effective median particle size, mixing the aerosol with the vapor sample forming aerosol and adsorbed vapor suspended in an air stream, impacting the suspended aerosol and adsorbed vapor upon a reflecting element, alternatively directing infrared light to the impacted aerosol and adsorbed vapor, detecting and analyzing the alternatively directed infrared light in essentially real time using a spectrometer and a microcomputer and identifying the vapor sample.
LHCb's Real-Time Alignment in Run2
Batozskaya, Varvara
Stable, precise spatial alignment and PID calibration are necessary to achieve optimal detector performances. During Run2, LHCb will have a new real-time detector alignment and calibration to reach equivalent performances in the online and offline reconstruction. This offers the opportunity to optimise the event selection by applying stronger constraints as well as hadronic particle identification at the trigger level. The required computing time constraints are met thanks to a new dedicated framework using the multi-core farm infrastructure for the trigger.
Real-time human collaboration monitoring and intervention
Merkle, Peter B. (Sandia Park, NM); Johnson, Curtis M. (Sandia Park, NM); Jones, Wendell B. (Albuquerque, NM); Yonas, Gerold (Albuquerque, NM); Doser, Adele B. (Albuquerque, NM); Warner, David J. (Rancho Santa Fe, CA)
A method of and apparatus for monitoring and intervening in, in real time, a collaboration between a plurality of subjects comprising measuring indicia of physiological and cognitive states of each of the plurality of subjects, communicating the indicia to a monitoring computer system, with the monitoring computer system, comparing the indicia with one or more models of previous collaborative performance of one or more of the plurality of subjects, and with the monitoring computer system, employing the results of the comparison to communicate commands or suggestions to one or more of the plurality of subjects.
Near real time vapor detection and enhancement using aerosol adsorption
Novick, V.J.; Johnson, S.A.
A vapor sample detection method is described where the vapor sample contains vapor and ambient air and surrounding natural background particles. The vapor sample detection method includes the steps of generating a supply of aerosol that have a particular effective median particle size, mixing the aerosol with the vapor sample forming aerosol and adsorbed vapor suspended in an air stream, impacting the suspended aerosol and adsorbed vapor upon a reflecting element, alternatively directing infrared light to the impacted aerosol and adsorbed vapor, detecting and analyzing the alternatively directed infrared light in essentially real time using a spectrometer and a microcomputer and identifying the vapor sample. 13 figs.
Near real time vapor detection and enhancement using aerosol adsorption
Novick, Vincent J. (Downers Grove, IL); Johnson, Stanley A. (Countryside, IL)
A vapor sample detection method where the vapor sample contains vapor and ambient air and surrounding natural background particles. The vapor sample detection method includes the steps of generating a supply of aerosol that have a particular effective median particle size, mixing the aerosol with the vapor sample forming aerosol and adsorbed vapor suspended in an air stream, impacting the suspended aerosol and adsorbed vapor upon a reflecting element, alternatively directing infrared light to the impacted aerosol and adsorbed vapor, detecting and analyzing the alternatively directed infrared light in essentially real time using a spectrometer and a microcomputer and identifying the vapor sample.
Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real Time Diagnostics for Algae-final-sm
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Real-Time Airborne Particle Analyzer - Energy Innovation Portal
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Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
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Real-time finite-temperature correlators from AdS/CFT
Barnes, Edwin; Vaman, Diana; Wu Chaolun; Arnold, Peter [Department of Physics, University of Virginia McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904 (United States)
In this paper we use anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory correspondence ideas in conjunction with insights from finite-temperature real-time field theory formalism to compute 3-point correlators of N=4 super Yang-Mills operators, in real time and at finite temperature. To this end, we propose that the gravity field action is integrated only over the right and left quadrants of the Penrose diagram of the anti-de Sitter-Schwarzschild background, with a relative sign between the two terms. For concreteness we consider the case of a scalar field in the black hole background. Using the scalar field Schwinger-Keldysh bulk-to-boundary propagators, we give the general expression of a 3-point real-time Green's correlator. We then note that this particular prescription amounts to adapting the finite-temperature analog of Veltman's circling rules to tree-level Witten diagrams, and comment on the retarded and Feynman scalar bulk-to-boundary propagators. We subject our prescription to several checks: Kubo-Martin-Schwinger identities, the largest time equation, and the zero-temperature limit. When specializing to a particular retarded (causal) 3-point function, we find a very simple answer: the momentum-space correlator is given by three causal (two advanced and one retarded) bulk-to-boundary propagators, meeting at a vertex point which is integrated from spatial infinity to the horizon only. This result is expected based on analyticity, since the retarded n-point functions are obtained by analytic continuation from the imaginary-time Green's function, and based on causality considerations.
Monitoring and simulating real-time electric power system operation with phasor measurements
Phadke, A.G. [Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA (United States)] [Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ., Blacksburg, VA (United States); Thorp, J.S. [American Electric Power Corp. (United States)] [American Electric Power Corp. (United States)
In this research project, two important results have been achieved. The concept of generator axis load flow has been developed more fully, and has been tested through simulations on the 39-bus system (with 10 generators). Generator axis load flow is a load flow calculation which views the entire network from a few retained buses such as the internal nodes of the generators. As these nodes can be indirectly monitored in real time through phasor measurements of generator terminal quantities, it becomes possible to track and predict the behavior of the entire network from these few observation points. This is extremely valuable in the task of predicting network instability in real time. The task of instability prediction of a multi-machine power system is one of the most difficult analytical exercises. We investigated two of the most promising approaches: the extended equal area method, and the transient energy function method. Although both of these methods work well in many instances, we have shown that in other cases, the predictions made by the two methods are incorrect. The failure of the methods can be traced to their inability to deal with the behavior of the system after the first turning point of the motor swing curves. Instead of using these methods, we propose the direct integration of the machine swing equations following the start of a disturbance. Coupled with the generator aids load flow developed above, and using the high speed computers available now, we show that for systems of significant size (39 bus system), accurate predictions through direct computation are possible. The report also includes results on computational efficiency of the method of faster-than-real-time integration using machine equations and the generator aids load flow. It is anticipated that this technique will be useful in most practical applications in power system control centers of the future.
Regalado, W. Perez; Chertov, A. M.; Maev, R. Gr. [Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research, Physics Department, University of Windsor, 292 Essex Hall, 401 Sunset Ave. N9B 3P4 Windsor, Ontario (Canada)
Aluminum alloys pose several properties that make them one of the most popular engineering materials: they have excellent corrosion resistance, and high weight-to-strength ratio. Resistance spot welding of aluminum alloys is widely used today but oxide film and aluminum thermal and electrical properties make spot welding a difficult task. Electrode degradation due to pitting, alloying and mushrooming decreases the weld quality and adjustment of parameters like current and force is required. To realize these adjustments and ensure weld quality, a tool to measure weld quality in real time is required. In this paper, a real time ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation system for aluminum spot welds is presented. The system is able to monitor nugget growth while the spot weld is being made. This is achieved by interpreting the echoes of an ultrasound transducer located in one of the welding electrodes. The transducer receives and transmits an ultrasound signal at different times during the welding cycle. Valuable information of the weld quality is embedded in this signal. The system is able to determine the weld nugget diameter by measuring the delays of the ultrasound signals received during the complete welding cycle. The article presents the system performance on aluminum alloy AA6022.
Real-time individualized training vectors for experiential learning.
Willis, Matt; Tucker, Eilish Marie; Raybourn, Elaine Marie; Glickman, Matthew R.; Fabian, Nathan
Military training utilizing serious games or virtual worlds potentially generate data that can be mined to better understand how trainees learn in experiential exercises. Few data mining approaches for deployed military training games exist. Opportunities exist to collect and analyze these data, as well as to construct a full-history learner model. Outcomes discussed in the present document include results from a quasi-experimental research study on military game-based experiential learning, the deployment of an online game for training evidence collection, and results from a proof-of-concept pilot study on the development of individualized training vectors. This Lab Directed Research & Development (LDRD) project leveraged products within projects, such as Titan (Network Grand Challenge), Real-Time Feedback and Evaluation System, (America's Army Adaptive Thinking and Leadership, DARWARS Ambush! NK), and Dynamic Bayesian Networks to investigate whether machine learning capabilities could perform real-time, in-game similarity vectors of learner performance, toward adaptation of content delivery, and quantitative measurement of experiential learning.
Can the ring polymer molecular dynamics method be interpreted as real time quantum dynamics?
Jang, Seogjoo, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Boulevard, Flushing, New York 11367 (United States)] [Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Boulevard, Flushing, New York 11367 (United States); Sinitskiy, Anton V.; Voth, Gregory A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics and Computation Institute, University of Chicago, 5735 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 (United States)
The ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) method has gained popularity in recent years as a simple approximation for calculating real time quantum correlation functions in condensed media. However, the extent to which RPMD captures real dynamical quantum effects and why it fails under certain situations have not been clearly understood. Addressing this issue has been difficult in the absence of a genuine justification for the RPMD algorithm starting from the quantum Liouville equation. To this end, a new and exact path integral formalism for the calculation of real time quantum correlation functions is presented in this work, which can serve as a rigorous foundation for the analysis of the RPMD method as well as providing an alternative derivation of the well established centroid molecular dynamics method. The new formalism utilizes the cyclic symmetry of the imaginary time path integral in the most general sense and enables the expression of Kubo-transformed quantum time correlation functions as that of physical observables pre-averaged over the imaginary time path. Upon filtering with a centroid constraint function, the formulation results in the centroid dynamics formalism. Upon filtering with the position representation of the imaginary time path integral, we obtain an exact quantum dynamics formalism involving the same variables as the RPMD method. The analysis of the RPMD approximation based on this approach clarifies that an explicit quantum dynamical justification does not exist for the use of the ring polymer harmonic potential term (imaginary time kinetic energy) as implemented in the RPMD method. It is analyzed why this can cause substantial errors in nonlinear correlation functions of harmonic oscillators. Such errors can be significant for general correlation functions of anharmonic systems. We also demonstrate that the short time accuracy of the exact path integral limit of RPMD is of lower order than those for finite discretization of path. The present quantum dynamics formulation also serves as the basis for developing new quantum dynamical methods that utilize the cyclic nature of the imaginary time path integral.
Real-time neural network earthquake profile predictor
Leach, Richard R. (Castro Valley, CA); Dowla, Farid U. (Castro Valley, CA)
A neural network has been developed that uses first-arrival energy to predict the characteristics of impending earthquake seismograph signals. The propagation of ground motion energy through the earth is a highly nonlinear function. This is due to different forms of ground motion as well as to changes in the elastic properties of the media throughout the propagation path. The neural network is trained using seismogram data from earthquakes. Presented with a previously unseen earthquake, the neural network produces a profile of the complete earthquake signal using data from the first seconds of the signal. This offers a significant advance in the real-time monitoring, warning, and subsequent hazard minimization of catastrophic ground motion.
Real-time neural network earthquake profile predictor
Leach, R.R.; Dowla, F.U.
A neural network has been developed that uses first-arrival energy to predict the characteristics of impending earthquake seismograph signals. The propagation of ground motion energy through the earth is a highly nonlinear function. This is due to different forms of ground motion as well as to changes in the elastic properties of the media throughout the propagation path. The neural network is trained using seismogram data from earthquakes. Presented with a previously unseen earthquake, the neural network produces a profile of the complete earthquake signal using data from the first seconds of the signal. This offers a significant advance in the real-time monitoring, warning, and subsequent hazard minimization of catastrophic ground motion. 17 figs.
Method and apparatus for real time weld monitoring
Leong, Keng H. (Lemont, IL); Hunter, Boyd V. (Bolingbrook, IL)
An improved method and apparatus are provided for real time weld monitoring. An infrared signature emitted by a hot weld surface during welding is detected and this signature is compared with an infrared signature emitted by the weld surface during steady state conditions. The result is correlated with weld penetration. The signal processing is simpler than for either UV or acoustic techniques. Changes in the weld process, such as changes in the transmitted laser beam power, quality or positioning of the laser beam, change the resulting weld surface features and temperature of the weld surface, thereby resulting in a change in the direction and amount of infrared emissions. This change in emissions is monitored by an IR sensitive detecting apparatus that is sensitive to the appropriate wavelength region for the hot weld surface.
Bertini, Robert L.
ASSESSMENT AND REFINEMENT OF REAL-TIME TRAVEL TIME ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN PRACTICE Final Report AND REFINEMENT OF REAL-TIME TRAVEL TIME ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN PRACTICE 5. Report Date June 2007 Final Report 6
E-Print Network 3.0 - analyzing real-time systems Sample Search...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
and Information Sciences 69 An Open Environment for RealTime Applications Z. Deng Jane W.S. Liu L. Zhang S. Mouna A. Frei Summary: , and real-time application programming...
Is there a source of help for setting up real time wind turbine...
there a source of help for setting up real time wind turbine data reporting ? Home I'd like our students to be able to see historical data as well as real time power generation at...
On the stability of wholesale electricity markets under real-time pricing
Roozbehani, Mardavij
The paper proposes a mathematical model for the dynamic evolution of supply, demand, and clearing prices under a class of real-time pricing mechanisms characterized by passing on the real-time wholesale prices to the end ...
High-Energy, Pulsed-Laser Diagnostics for Real-Time Measurements...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
Energy, Pulsed-Laser Diagnostics for Real-Time Measurements of Reciprocating Engine PM Emissions High-Energy, Pulsed-Laser Diagnostics for Real-Time Measurements of Reciprocating...
E-Print Network 3.0 - array-based real-time optical Sample Search...
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
processing with parallel... With the increase of the A-line speed of optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems, real-time proces- sing... . de Boer, "Real-time multi-functional...
Real-time monitoring of the TVA power system
Cease, T.W.; Feldhaus, B. (Univ. of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN (United States))
This article describes how the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is experimenting with one of the many concepts for the uses of phasor measurements, that of utilizing phasor measurement units (PMUs) as a state estimation system. However, the term state estimation no longer applies; what is being performed is a state determination in near real-time. The PMU is a transducer that can measure voltage and current with very high accuracy. It has the ability to calculate watts, vars, frequency, and phase angle twelve times per power line cycle. The PMU can be placed in the power system so as to provide time-stamped voltage and current phasors that can be used as state variables. Input from other PMUs throughout the power system can be synchronized to within 1 microsecond via the Global Positioning System (GPS). These real-time state variables provided by the PMUs allow state estimation to be replaced by state determination. The PMUs monitoring the power system can also provide the necessary data to accurately depict events and disturbances. The PMU can be set to be triggered by an event or disturbance. A user-defined table of data, including pretrigger data, which is the sampled data for a specified interval, is stored in the PMU. The data from a single PMU can be retrieved and analyzed by popular data analysis packages to show the performance of control and protection equipment. The tables retrieved from a network of PMUs can be used to determine the system response to these events and disturbances.
Real-time plasma control in a dual-frequency, confined plasma etcher
Milosavljevic, V. [PRL, School of Physics and NCPST, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 (Ireland); Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, P.O.B. 368, Belgrade (Serbia); Ellingboe, A. R.; Gaman, C. [PRL, School of Physics and NCPST, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 (Ireland); Ringwood, J. V. [Department of Electronic Engineering, NUI Maynooth, Maynooth, Co., Kildare (Ireland)
The physics issues of developing model-based control of plasma etching are presented. A novel methodology for incorporating real-time model-based control of plasma processing systems is developed. The methodology is developed for control of two dependent variables (ion flux and chemical densities) by two independent controls (27 MHz power and O{sub 2} flow). A phenomenological physics model of the nonlinear coupling between the independent controls and the dependent variables of the plasma is presented. By using a design of experiment, the functional dependencies of the response surface are determined. In conjunction with the physical model, the dependencies are used to deconvolve the sensor signals onto the control inputs, allowing compensation of the interaction between control paths. The compensated sensor signals and compensated set-points are then used as inputs to proportional-integral-derivative controllers to adjust radio frequency power and oxygen flow to yield the desired ion flux and chemical density. To illustrate the methodology, model-based real-time control is realized in a commercial semiconductor dielectric etch chamber. The two radio frequency symmetric diode operates with typical commercial fluorocarbon feed-gas mixtures (Ar/O{sub 2}/C{sub 4}F{sub 8}). Key parameters for dielectric etching are known to include ion flux to the surface and surface flux of oxygen containing species. Control is demonstrated using diagnostics of electrode-surface ion current, and chemical densities of O, O{sub 2}, and CO measured by optical emission spectrometry and/or mass spectrometry. Using our model-based real-time control, the set-point tracking accuracy to changes in chemical species density and ion flux is enhanced.
Real-time physics data-visualization system using Performer Chris Mitchella
California at Los Angles, University of
techniques used both in the video-game industry and military flight simulators to achieve real-time frame
Real-Time Building Energy Simulation Using EnergyPlus and the Building Controls Test Bed
Pang, Xiufeng
Figure 9 Lighting electric power comparison between real-measurement Lighting Electric Power Comparison kW real-time
Real-Time Systems, 27, 97113, 2004 # 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands.
Pázsit, Imre
in The Netherlands. Diagnostics and Surveillance Methods in Nuclear Systems for Real-Time Applications I. PA�? ZSIT
Test Cases for Wind Power Plant Dynamic Models on Real-Time Digital Simulator: Preprint
Singh, M.; Muljadi, E.; Gevorgian, V.
The objective of this paper is to present test cases for wind turbine generator and wind power plant models commonly used during commissioning of wind power plants to ensure grid integration compatibility. In this paper, different types of wind power plant models based on the Western Electricity Coordinating Council Wind Generator Modeling Group's standardization efforts are implemented on a real-time digital simulator, and different test cases are used to gauge their grid integration capability. The low-voltage ride through and reactive power support capability and limitations of wind turbine generators under different grid conditions are explored. Several types of transient events (e.g., symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults, frequency dips) are included in the test cases. The differences in responses from different types of wind turbine are discussed in detail.
SIG Technology Review Summer 1994 57 Real-Time Navigation Using the Global Positioning System
Simon, Dan
SIG Technology Review · Summer 1994 57 Real-Time Navigation Using the Global Positioning System Real-Time Navigation Using the Global Positioning System Dan Simon and Hossny El-Sherief, TRW Ballistic Technology Review · Summer 1994 Real-Time Navigation Using the Global Positioning System introduces errors
Cost Optimal Operation of Thermal Energy Storage System with Real-Time Prices
Cost Optimal Operation of Thermal Energy Storage System with Real-Time Prices Toru Kashima, Member of the result [4]. The same can be said for time varying real-time prices. Real-time energy pricing is not yet such as chillers. Energy resources such as electricity or natural gas are bought from suppliers at certain prices
Real-time Lighting System for Large Group Interaction Joshua Randall
Real-time Lighting System for Large Group Interaction Joshua Randall Massachusetts Institute of Technology May 2002 Abstract Lighting systems have historically been controlled by an individual or small group of human operators working together in real-time. Applications for real-time lighting control
Bertini, Robert L.
ASSESSMENT AND REFINEMENT OF REAL- TIME TRAVEL TIME ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN PRACTICE (OTREC PHASE I) Final Report #12;#12;ASSESSMENT AND REFINEMENT OF REAL-TIME TRAVEL TIME ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN PRACTICE ASSESSMENT AND REFINEMENT OF REAL-TIME TRAVEL TIME ALGORITHMS FOR USE IN PRACTICE (OTREC PHASE 1) 5. Report
CARSystem: a distributed algorithm for efficient real-time vehicular traffic control
Koothrappally, Joseph
transfer between individual traffic control processes. Real-time information -obtained by tracking the density profiles that constitute demand at each intersection in real-time-is used by an on-line optimization algorithm to provide real-time adaptive...
On Utility Accrual Processor Scheduling with Wait-Free Synchronization for Embedded Real-Time Software
Ravindran, Binoy
On Utility Accrual Processor Scheduling with Wait-Free Synchronization for Embedded Real-Time Software ABSTRACT We present the first wait-free utility accrual (UA) real-time scheduling algorithms for embedded real-time systems. UA scheduling algorithms allow application activities to be sub- ject to time/utility
Papadopoulos, Evangelos
1 ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A REAL-TIME SIMULATOR ENGINE FOR A HYDRAULIC FORESTRY MACHINE email@example.com Abstract This work focuses on the development of a real-time training simulator engine for a forestry simulator, hydraulic dynamics, numerical stiffness, real-time, control system 1 Introduction Forestry
A (Smart) Real-time PMU-assisted Power Transfer Limitation Monitoring
A (Smart) Real-time PMU-assisted Power Transfer Limitation Monitoring and Enhancement System and Opportunities ATC Monitoring and Enhancement SystemsData issues · Real-time network model of 13,000-bus, 18168 braches · Real-time data · Verification of model and data #12;Model Validation & Correction Disturbance
Predicting Time-Delays under Real-Time Scheduling for Linear Model Predictive Control
Zhang, Fumin
Predicting Time-Delays under Real-Time Scheduling for Linear Model Predictive Control Zhenwu Shi prediction of time-delays caused by real-time scheduling. Then, a model predictive controller is designed, the interaction between real-time scheduling and control design has received interest in the literature
Using architecture information and real-time resource state to reduce power consumption and communication costs in parallel applications.
Brandt, James M.; Devine, Karen D. [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Gentile, Ann C. [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Leung, Vitus J. [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Olivier, Stephen Lecler [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Pedretti, Kevin [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Rajamanickam, Sivasankaran [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Bunde, David P. [Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM; Deveci, Mehmet; Catalyurek, Umit V.
As computer systems grow in both size and complexity, the need for applications and run-time systems to adjust to their dynamic environment also grows. The goal of the RAAMP LDRD was to combine static architecture information and real-time system state with algorithms to conserve power, reduce communication costs, and avoid network contention. We devel- oped new data collection and aggregation tools to extract static hardware information (e.g., node/core hierarchy, network routing) as well as real-time performance data (e.g., CPU uti- lization, power consumption, memory bandwidth saturation, percentage of used bandwidth, number of network stalls). We created application interfaces that allowed this data to be used easily by algorithms. Finally, we demonstrated the benefit of integrating system and application information for two use cases. The first used real-time power consumption and memory bandwidth saturation data to throttle concurrency to save power without increasing application execution time. The second used static or real-time network traffic information to reduce or avoid network congestion by remapping MPI tasks to allocated processors. Results from our work are summarized in this report; more details are available in our publications [2, 6, 14, 16, 22, 29, 38, 44, 51, 54].
Three-dimensional liver motion tracking using real-time two-dimensional MRI
Brix, Lau, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Procurement and Clinical Engineering, Region Midt, Olof Palmes All� 15, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark)] [Department of Procurement and Clinical Engineering, Region Midt, Olof Palmes All� 15, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark); Ringgaard, Steffen [MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark)] [MR Research Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark); S�rensen, Thomas Sangild [Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aabogade 34, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark)] [Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University, Aabogade 34, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N (Denmark); Poulsen, Per Rugaard [Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, N�rrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C (Denmark)] [Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark and Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, N�rrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C (Denmark)
Purpose: Combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems and linear accelerators for radiotherapy (MR-Linacs) are currently under development. MRI is noninvasive and nonionizing and can produce images with high soft tissue contrast. However, new tracking methods are required to obtain fast real-time spatial target localization. This study develops and evaluates a method for tracking three-dimensional (3D) respiratory liver motion in two-dimensional (2D) real-time MRI image series with high temporal and spatial resolution. Methods: The proposed method for 3D tracking in 2D real-time MRI series has three steps: (1) Recording of a 3D MRI scan and selection of a blood vessel (or tumor) structure to be tracked in subsequent 2D MRI series. (2) Generation of a library of 2D image templates oriented parallel to the 2D MRI image series by reslicing and resampling the 3D MRI scan. (3) 3D tracking of the selected structure in each real-time 2D image by finding the template and template position that yield the highest normalized cross correlation coefficient with the image. Since the tracked structure has a known 3D position relative to each template, the selection and 2D localization of a specific template translates into quantification of both the through-plane and in-plane position of the structure. As a proof of principle, 3D tracking of liver blood vessel structures was performed in five healthy volunteers in two 5.4 Hz axial, sagittal, and coronal real-time 2D MRI series of 30 s duration. In each 2D MRI series, the 3D localization was carried out twice, using nonoverlapping template libraries, which resulted in a total of 12 estimated 3D trajectories per volunteer. Validation tests carried out to support the tracking algorithm included quantification of the breathing induced 3D liver motion and liver motion directionality for the volunteers, and comparison of 2D MRI estimated positions of a structure in a watermelon with the actual positions. Results: Axial, sagittal, and coronal 2D MRI series yielded 3D respiratory motion curves for all volunteers. The motion directionality and amplitude were very similar when measured directly as in-plane motion or estimated indirectly as through-plane motion. The mean peak-to-peak breathing amplitude was 1.6 mm (left-right), 11.0 mm (craniocaudal), and 2.5 mm (anterior-posterior). The position of the watermelon structure was estimated in 2D MRI images with a root-mean-square error of 0.52 mm (in-plane) and 0.87 mm (through-plane). Conclusions: A method for 3D tracking in 2D MRI series was developed and demonstrated for liver tracking in volunteers. The method would allow real-time 3D localization with integrated MR-Linac systems.
XU, X. George; Zhang, X.C.
Concrete and asbestos-containing materials were widely used in DOE building construction in the 1940s and 1950s. Over the years, many of these porous materials have been contaminated with radioactive sources, on and below the surface. To improve current practice in identifying hazardous materials and in characterizing radioactive contamination, an interdisciplinary team from Rensselaer has conducted research in two aspects: (1) to develop terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and imaging system that can be used to analyze environmental samples such as asbestos in the field, and (2) to develop algorithms for characterizing the radioactive contamination depth profiles in real-time in the field using gamma spectroscopy. The basic research focused on the following: (1) mechanism of generating of broadband pulsed radiation in terahertz region, (2) optimal free-space electro-optic sampling for asbestos, (3) absorption and transmission mechanisms of asbestos in THz region, (4) the role of asbestos sample conditions on the temporal and spectral distributions, (5) real-time identification and mapping of asbestos using THz imaging, (7) Monte Carlo modeling of distributed contamination from diffusion of radioactive materials into porous concrete and asbestos materials, (8) development of unfolding algorithms for gamma spectroscopy, and (9) portable and integrated spectroscopy systems for field testing in DOE. Final results of the project show that the combination of these innovative approaches has the potential to bring significant improvement in future risk reduction and cost/time saving in DOE's D and D activities.
Real-time multi-mode neutron multiplicity counter
Rowland, Mark S; Alvarez, Raymond A
Embodiments are directed to a digital data acquisition method that collects data regarding nuclear fission at high rates and performs real-time preprocessing of large volumes of data into directly useable forms for use in a system that performs non-destructive assaying of nuclear material and assemblies for mass and multiplication of special nuclear material (SNM). Pulses from a multi-detector array are fed in parallel to individual inputs that are tied to individual bits in a digital word. Data is collected by loading a word at the individual bit level in parallel, to reduce the latency associated with current shift-register systems. The word is read at regular intervals, all bits simultaneously, with no manipulation. The word is passed to a number of storage locations for subsequent processing, thereby removing the front-end problem of pulse pileup. The word is used simultaneously in several internal processing schemes that assemble the data in a number of more directly useable forms. The detector includes a multi-mode counter that executes a number of different count algorithms in parallel to determine different attributes of the count data.
Real-time algorithm for robust coincidence search
Petrovic, T.; Vencelj, M.; Lipoglavsek, M.; Gajevic, J.; Pelicon, P. [Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia and Cosylab d.d., Control System Laboratory, Teslova ulica 30, Ljubljana (Slovenia); Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana (Slovenia)
In in-beam {gamma}-ray spectroscopy experiments, we often look for coincident detection events. Among every N events detected, coincidence search is naively of principal complexity O(N{sup 2}). When we limit the approximate width of the coincidence search window, the complexity can be reduced to O(N), permitting the implementation of the algorithm into real-time measurements, carried out indefinitely. We have built an algorithm to find simultaneous events between two detection channels. The algorithm was tested in an experiment where coincidences between X and {gamma} rays detected in two HPGe detectors were observed in the decay of {sup 61}Cu. Functioning of the algorithm was validated by comparing calculated experimental branching ratio for EC decay and theoretical calculation for 3 selected {gamma}-ray energies for {sup 61}Cu decay. Our research opened a question on the validity of the adopted value of total angular momentum of the 656 keV state (J{sup {pi}} = 1/2{sup -}) in {sup 61}Ni.
Real-time Information, Uncertainty and Quantum Feedback Control
Bo Qi; Daoyi Dong; Chunlin Chen; Lijun Liu; Zairong Xi
Feedback is the core concept in cybernetics and its effective use has made great success in but not limited to the fields of engineering, biology, and computer science. When feedback is used to quantum systems, two major types of feedback control protocols including coherent feedback control (CFC) and measurement-based feedback control (MFC) have been developed. In this paper, we compare the two types of quantum feedback control protocols by focusing on the real-time information used in the feedback loop and the capability in dealing with parameter uncertainty. An equivalent relationship is established between quantum CFC and non-selective quantum MFC in the form of operator-sum representation. Using several examples of quantum feedback control, we show that quantum MFC can theoretically achieve better performance than quantum CFC in stabilizing a quantum state and dealing with Hamiltonian parameter uncertainty. The results enrich understanding of the relative advantages between quantum MFC and quantum CFC, and can provide useful information in choosing suitable feedback protocols for quantum systems.
Real-time optimization boosts capacity of Korean olefins plant
Yoon, S. [Hyundai Petrochemical Co. Ltd., Daesan (Korea, Republic of); Dasgupta, S.; Mijares, G. [M.W. Kellogg Co., Houston, TX (United States)
Real-time optimization (RTO) of Hyundai Petrochemical Co. Ltd.`s olefins complex at Daesan, South Korea, increased ethylene capacity 4% and revenues 12%, and decreased feedstock and energy usage 2.5%, with no changes in operating conditions. The project comprised RTO and advanced process control (APC) systems for the 350,000 metric ton/year (mty) ethylene plant. A similar system was implemented in the hydrotreating and benzene recovery sections of the plant`s pyrolysis-gasoline treating unit. Hyundai Petrochemical started up its olefins complex on Korea`s western seaboard in late 1991. The Daesan complex comprises 10 plants, including naphtha cracking, monomer, and polymer units. Additional support facilities include: industrial water treatment plants; electric generators; automatic storage systems; a jetty with capacity to berth 100,000 dwt and 10,000 dwt ships simultaneously; a research and development center. The plant`s capacity is 350,000 mty ethylene and 175,000 mty propylene, based on 7,200 operating hr/year. Since start-up, naphtha has been the primary feed, but the plant was designed with flexibility to process C{sub 3}/C{sub 4} (LPG) and gas oil feeds. This paper reviews the project management and decision making process along with the computerized control system design.
Suppressing qubit dephasing using real-time Hamiltonian estimation
Michael D. Shulman; Shannon P. Harvey; John M. Nichol; Stephen D. Bartlett; Andrew C. Doherty; Vladimir Umansky; Amir Yacoby
Unwanted interaction between a quantum system and its fluctuating environment leads to decoherence and is the primary obstacle to establishing a scalable quantum information processing architecture. Strategies such as environmental and materials engineering, quantum error correction and dynamical decoupling can mitigate decoherence, but generally increase experimental complexity. Here we improve coherence in a qubit using real-time Hamiltonian parameter estimation. Using a rapidly converging Bayesian approach, we precisely measure the splitting in a singlet-triplet spin qubit faster than the surrounding nuclear bath fluctuates. We continuously adjust qubit control parameters based on this information, thereby improving the inhomogenously broadened coherence time ($T_{2}^{*}$) from tens of nanoseconds to above 2 $\\mu$s and demonstrating the effectiveness of Hamiltonian estimation in reducing the effects of correlated noise in quantum systems. Because the technique demonstrated here is compatible with arbitrary qubit operations, it is a natural complement to quantum error correction and can be used to improve the performance of a wide variety of qubits in both metrological and quantum-information-processing applications.
Scalable Distributed Automation System: Scalable Real-time Decentralized Volt/VAR Control
GENI Project: Caltech is developing a distributed automation system that allows distributed generators�solar panels, wind farms, thermal co-generation systems�to effectively manage their own power. To date, the main stumbling block for distributed automation systems has been the inability to develop software that can handle more than 100,000 distributed generators and be implemented in real time. Caltech�s software could allow millions of generators to self-manage through local sensing, computation, and communication. Taken together, localized algorithms can support certain global objectives, such as maintaining the balance of energy supply and demand, regulating voltage and frequency, and minimizing cost. An automated, grid-wide power control system would ease the integration of renewable energy sources like solar power into the grid by quickly transmitting power when it is created, eliminating the energy loss associated with the lack of renewable energy storage capacity of the grid.
Concept Paper for Real-Time Temperature and Water Quality Management for San Joaquin River Riparian Habitat Restoration
Quinn, Nigel W.T.
Report. Real-time Water Quality Management for SJR RiparianReal-time Water Quality Management for SJR Riparian HabitatPaper Real-time Water Quality Management for SJR Riparian
Real-Time SCADA Cyber Protection Using Compression Techniques
Lyle G. Roybal; Gordon H Rueff
The Department of Energy�s Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (DOE-OE) has a critical mission to secure the energy infrastructure from cyber attack. Through DOE-OE�s Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems (CEDS) program, the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has developed a method to detect malicious traffic on Supervisory, Control, and Data Acquisition (SCADA) network using a data compression technique. SCADA network traffic is often repetitive with only minor differences between packets. Research performed at the INL showed that SCADA network traffic has traits desirable for using compression analysis to identify abnormal network traffic. An open source implementation of a Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) lossless data compression algorithm was used to compress and analyze surrogate SCADA traffic. Infected SCADA traffic was found to have statistically significant differences in compression when compared against normal SCADA traffic at the packet level. The initial analyses and results are clearly able to identify malicious network traffic from normal traffic at the packet level with a very high confidence level across multiple ports and traffic streams. Statistical differentiation between infected and normal traffic level was possible using a modified data compression technique at the 99% probability level for all data analyzed. However, the conditions tested were rather limited in scope and need to be expanded into more realistic simulations of hacking events using techniques and approaches that are better representative of a real-world attack on a SCADA system. Nonetheless, the use of compression techniques to identify malicious traffic on SCADA networks in real time appears to have significant merit for infrastructure protection.
Real Time Pricing and the Real Live Firm
Moezzi, Mithra; Goldman, Charles; Sezgen, Osman; Bharvirkar, Ranjit; Hopper, Nicole
Energy economists have long argued the benefits of real time pricing (RTP) of electricity. Their basis for modeling customers response to short-term fluctuations in electricity prices are based on theories of rational firm behavior, where management strives to minimize operating costs and optimize profit, and labor, capital and energy are potential substitutes in the firm's production function. How well do private firms and public sector institutions operating conditions, knowledge structures, decision-making practices, and external relationships comport with these assumptions and how might this impact price response? We discuss these issues on the basis of interviews with 29 large (over 2 MW) industrial, commercial, and institutional customers in the Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation service territory that have faced day-ahead electricity market prices since 1998. We look at stories interviewees told about why and how they respond to RTP, why some customers report that they can't, and why even if they can, they don't. Some firms respond as theorized, and we describe their load curtailment strategies. About half of our interviewees reported that they were unable to either shift or forego electricity consumption even when prices are high ($0.50/kWh). Reasons customers gave for why they weren't price-responsive include implicit value placed on reliability, pricing structures, lack of flexibility in adjusting production inputs, just-in-time practices, perceived barriers to onsite generation, and insufficient time. We draw these observations into a framework that could help refine economic theory of dynamic pricing by providing real-world descriptions of how firms behave and why.
A Multicore Processor based Real-Time System for Automobile management application
M., Vaidehi
In this paper we propose an Intelligent Management System which is capable of managing the automobile functions using the rigorous real-time principles and a multicore processor in order to realize higher efficiency and safety for the vehicle. It depicts how various automobile functionalities can be fine grained and treated to fit in real time concepts. It also shows how the modern multicore processors can be of good use in organizing vast amounts of correlated functions to be executed in real-time with excellent time commitments. The modeling of the automobile tasks with real time commitments, organizing appropriate scheduling for various real time tasks and the usage of a multicore processor enables the system to realize higher efficiency and offer better safety levels to the vehicle. The industry available real time operating system is used for scheduling various tasks and jobs on the multicore processor.
James Servaites; Serguei Zelepouga; David Rue
This report is submitted to the United States Department of Energy in partial fulfillment of the contractual requirements for Phase I of the project titled, ''Real Time Flame Monitoring of Gasifier Burner and Injectors'', under co-operative agreement number DE-FS26-02NT41585. The project is composed of three one-year budget periods. The work in each year is divided into separate Tasks to facilitate project management, orderly completion of all project objectives, budget control, and critical path application of personnel and equipment. This Topical Report presents results of the Task 1 and 2 work. The 2 D optical sensor was developed to monitor selected UV and visible wavelengths to collect accurate flame characterization information regarding mixing, flame shape, and flame rich/lean characteristic. Flame richness, for example, was determined using OH and CH intensity peaks in the 300 to 500 nanometer range of the UV and visible spectrum. The laboratory burner was operated over a wide range of air to fuel ratio conditions from fuel rich to fuel lean. The sooty oxygen enriched air flames were established to test the sensor ability to characterize flame structures with substantial presence of hot solid particles emitting strong ''black body radiation''. The knowledge gained in these experiments will be very important when the sensor is used for gasifier flame analyses. It is expected that the sensor when installed on the Global Energy gasifier will be exposed to complex radiation patterns. The measured energy will be a combination of spectra emitted by the combusting gases, hot solid particulates, and hot walls of the gasifier chamber. The ability to separate flame emissions from the ''black body emissions'' will allow the sensor to accurately determine flame location relative to the gasifier walls and the injectors, as well as to analyze the flame's structure and condition. Ultimately, this information should enable the gasification processes to be monitored and controlled and as a result increase durability and efficiency of the gasifier. To accomplish goals set for Task 2 GTI will utilize the CANMET Coal Gasification Research facility. The Entrained Coal Gasifier Burner Test Stand has been designed and is currently under construction in the CANMET Energy Technology Center (CETC), the research and technology arm of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). This Gasifier Burner Stand (GBS) is a scaled-down mock-up of a working gasifier combustion system that can provide the flexible platform needed in the second year of the project to test the flame sensor. The GBS will be capable of simulating combustion and gasification processes occurring in commercial gasifiers, such as Texaco, Shell, and Wabash River.
Real-Time Active Cosmic Neutron Background Reduction Methods
Mukhopadhyay, Sanjoy; Maurer, Richard; Wolff, Ronald; Mitchell, Stephen; Guss, Paul
Neutron counting using large arrays of pressurized 3He proportional counters from an aerial system or in a maritime environment suffers from the background counts from the primary cosmic neutrons and secondary neutrons caused by cosmic ray?induced mechanisms like spallation and charge-exchange reaction. This paper reports the work performed at the Remote Sensing Laboratory�Andrews (RSL-A) and results obtained when using two different methods to reduce the cosmic neutron background in real time. Both methods used shielding materials with a high concentration (up to 30% by weight) of neutron-absorbing materials, such as natural boron, to remove the low-energy neutron flux from the cosmic background as the first step of the background reduction process. Our first method was to design, prototype, and test an up-looking plastic scintillator (BC-400, manufactured by Saint Gobain Corporation) to tag the cosmic neutrons and then create a logic pulse of a fixed time duration (~120 ?s) to block the data taken by the neutron counter (pressurized 3He tubes running in a proportional counter mode). The second method examined the time correlation between the arrival of two successive neutron signals to the counting array and calculated the excess of variance (Feynman variance Y2F)1 in the neutron count distribution from Poisson distribution. The dilution of this variance from cosmic background values ideally would signal the presence of man-made neutrons.2 The first method has been technically successful in tagging the neutrons in the cosmic-ray flux and preventing them from being counted in the 3He tube array by electronic veto�field measurement work shows the efficiency of the electronic veto counter to be about 87%. The second method has successfully derived an empirical relationship between the percentile non-cosmic component in a neutron flux and the Y2F of the measured neutron count distribution. By using shielding materials alone, approximately 55% of the neutron flux from man-made sources like 252Cf or Am-Be was removed.
Graphene Signal Amplification for Sensitive and Real-Time Fluorescence Anisotropy Detection of Small Molecules
Tan, Weihong
Graphene Signal Amplification for Sensitive and Real-Time Fluorescence Anisotropy Detection graphene oxide (GO) as the signal amplifier. Because of the extraordinarily larger volume of GO
Distributed Architecture for Real-time Traffic Analysis Cristian Morariu, Burkhard Stiller
Boyer, Edmond
Distributed Architecture for Real-time Traffic Analysis Cristian Morariu, Burkhard Stiller Department of Informatics, University of Zürich CH-8050, Zürich, Switzerland {morariu, stiller
acquisition enabling real-time: Topics by E-print Network
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
discusses the collection of complete real time data from different source systems such as SCADA, AMR, Databases and Internet which is pushed into an On Line Transaction Process...
Real-Time Particulate Mass Measurements Pre and Post Diesel Particulat...
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
2005deeranderson.pdf More Documents & Publications Advanced Radio Frequency-Based Sensors for Monitoring Diesel Particulate Filter Loading and Regeneration Real-Time...
E-Print Network 3.0 - airway real-time magnetic Sample Search...
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computation. A visualization device provides virtual... Images Interactive in real-time Registered in 2D3D 12;Milgram's Reality-Virtuality Continuum Mixed... Virtual Models ...
Real-Time Task Scheduling under Thermal Constraints
Ahn, Youngwoo
As the speed of integrated circuits increases, so does their power consumption. Most of this power is turned into heat, which must be dissipated effectively in order for the circuit to avoid thermal damage. Thermal control therefore has emerged...
Long-Range Untethered Real-Time Live Gas Main Robotic Inspection System
Hagen Schempf; Daphne D'Zurko
Under funding from the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Northeast Gas Association (NGA), Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) developed an untethered, wireless remote controlled inspection robot dubbed Explorer. The project entailed the design and prototyping of a wireless self-powered video-inspection robot capable of accessing live 6- and 8-inch diameter cast-iron and steel mains, while traversing turns and Ts and elbows under real-time control with live video feedback to an operator. The design is that of a segmented actively articulated and wheel-leg powered robot design, with fisheye imaging capability and self-powered battery storage and wireless real-time communication link. The prototype was functionally tested in an above ground pipe-network, in order to debug all mechanical, electrical and software subsystems, and develop the necessary deployment and retrieval, as well as obstacle-handling scripts. A pressurized natural gas test-section was used to certify it for operation in natural gas at up to 60 psig. Two subsequent live-main field-trials in both cast-iron and steel pipe, demonstrated its ability to be safely launched, operated and retrieved under real-world conditions. The system's ability to safely and repeatably exidrecover from angled and vertical launchers, traverse multi-thousand foot long pipe-sections, make T and varied-angle elbow-turns while wirelessly sending live video and handling command and control messages, was clearly demonstrated. Video-inspection was clearly shown to be a viable tool to understand the state of this critical buried infrastructure, irrespective of low- (cast-iron) or high-pressure (steel) conditions. This report covers the different aspects of specifications, requirements, design, prototyping, integration and testing and field-trialing of the Explorer platform.
Technique for Real-Time Measurements of Endothelial Permeability in a Microfluidic
Simmons, Craig A.
Technique for Real-Time Measurements of Endothelial Permeability in a Microfluidic Membrane Chip microfluidic platform to measure real-time perme- ability of endothelial cell monolayers on porous mem- branes of cell-free and cell-bound mem- brane layers. This technique is a highly sensitive, novel microfluidic
Precomputed Radiance Transfer for Real-Time Rendering in Dynamic, Low-Frequency Lighting Environments
O'Brien, James F.
Precomputed Radiance Transfer for Real-Time Rendering in Dynamic, Low-Frequency Lighting a new, real-time method for rendering diffuse and glossy objects in low-frequency lighting environments-frequency incident lighting into transferred radiance which includes global effects like shadows and interreflections
Comparative Application of Real-Time Verification Methods to an Automotive Architecture
Ulm, Universität
Comparative Application of Real-Time Verification Methods to an Automotive Architecture Steffen especially to distributed automotive architectures. The high connectivity of different control units forms approaches for the verification of real-time behavior of an automotive architecture are compared. Two tools
Mixed-Criticality Multiprocessor Real-Time Systems: Energy Consumption vs Deadline Misses
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Mixed-Criticality Multiprocessor Real-Time Systems: Energy Consumption vs Deadline Misses Vincent that using the best compromise, the energy consumption can be reduced up to 17% while the percentage the energy consumption of MC systems. The energy consumption of embedded real-time systems is indeed
Real time search on the web: Queries, topics, and economic value Bernard J. Jansen a,
Jansen, James
examine aggregate usage of the search engine, including number of users, queries, and terms. We term interest in a topic and the polling nature of real time queries. Concerning search topics geographical affinity, pointing to a location-based aspect to real time search. In terms of economic value, we
Energy-Efficient Speed Scheduling for Real-Time Tasks under Thermal Constraints
Wang, Shengquan
Energy-Efficient Speed Scheduling for Real-Time Tasks under Thermal Constraints Shengquan Wang. We develop energy-efficient speed scheduling schemes for frame-based real-time tasks under thermal- sumption with comparison to the reactive schemes in the literature. Keywords: Energy-efficient scheduling
Real-Time Disease Surveillance Using Twitter Data: Demonstration on Flu and Cancer
, and text mining. The real-time analysis data is visually re- ported as U.S. disease activity map, timelinesReal-Time Disease Surveillance Using Twitter Data: Demonstration on Flu and Cancer Kathy Lee Ankit-effects, and so on. This makes publicly available social media data an invaluable resource for mining interesting
A Utility Accrual Scheduling Algorithm for Real-Time Activities With Mutual Exclusion Resource Constraints
Ravindran, Binoy
A Utility Accrual Scheduling Algorithm for Real-Time Activities With Mutual Exclusion Resource-processor real-time scheduling algorithm called the Generic Utility Scheduling algorithm (which we will refer activities that have time con- straints specified using arbitrarily shaped time/utility functions, and have
Utility Accrual Real-Time Resource Access Protocols with Assured Individual Activity Timeliness Behavior
Ravindran, Binoy
Utility Accrual Real-Time Resource Access Protocols with Assured Individual Activity Timeliness Behavior Abstract We present a class of utility accrual resource access protocols for real-time embedded systems. The proto- cols consider application activities that are subject to time/utility function time
Real-time autonomous control of space habitats David Kortenkamp, Debra Schreckenghost and R. Peter Bonasso
Kortenkamp, David
Real-time autonomous control of space habitats David Kortenkamp, Debra Schreckenghost and R. Peter and challenging NASA project that will require real-time autonomous control. This paper presents the project-time autonomous control within a practical application. As such, this paper provides few answers and many
Real-Time Demand Response with Uncertain Renewable Energy in Smart Grid
Low, Steven H.
Real-Time Demand Response with Uncertain Renewable Energy in Smart Grid Libin Jiang and Steven Low manages user load through real-time demand response and purchases balancing power on the spot market and demand response in the presence of uncertain renewable supply and time-correlated demand. The overall
Near Optimal Demand-Side Energy Management Under Real-time Demand-Response Pricing
Boutaba, Raouf
Near Optimal Demand-Side Energy Management Under Real-time Demand-Response Pricing Jin Xiao, Jae--In this paper, we present demand-side energy manage- ment under real-time demand-response pricing as a task, demand-response, energy management I. INTRODUCTION The growing awareness of global climate change has
Microfluidic single cell real-time PCR for comparative analysis of gene expression patterns
Quake, Stephen R.
Microfluidic single cell real-time PCR for comparative analysis of gene expression patterns collection. We present here a high-content microfluidic real-time platform as a powerful tool expression; dynamic assay; microfluidic; pluripotent INTRODUCTION Novel genomic technologies have paved
Precomputed Wave Simulation for Real-Time Sound Propagation of Dynamic Sources in Complex Scenes
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of
Precomputed Wave Simulation for Real-Time Sound Propagation of Dynamic Sources in Complex Scenes of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Abstract We present a method for real-time sound propagation that captures all wave effects, including diffraction and reverberation, for multi- ple moving sources and a moving
A Study of Concurrent Real-Time Garbage Collectors Filip Pizlo
Rinetzky, Noam
A Study of Concurrent Real-Time Garbage Collectors Filip Pizlo Purdue University West Lafayette at the microseconds level. Concurrent collectors also offer much better scalability over incremental collectors. The main prob- lem with concurrent real-time collectors is their complexity. The first concurrent real
Handles Revisited: Optimising Performance and Memory Costs in a Real-Time Collector
Kent, University of
Handles Revisited: Optimising Performance and Memory Costs in a Real-Time Collector Tomas Kalibera garbage collectors must update all references to ob- jects they move. Updating is a lengthy operation references have been updated which, in a real-time collector, must be done incrementally. One solution
NSTX-U Advances in Real-time C++11 on Linux
Erickson, Keith G
Programming languages like C and Ada combined with proprietary embedded operating systems have dominated the real-time application space for decades. The new C++11standard includes native, language-level support for concurrency, a required feature for any nontrivial event-oriented real-time software. Threads, Locks, and Atomics now exist to provide the necessary tools to build the structures that make up the foundation of a complex real-time system. The National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade (NSTX-U) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) is breaking new ground with the language as applied to the needs of fusion devices. A new Digital Coil Protection System (DCPS) will serve as the main protection mechanism for the magnetic coils, and it is written entirely in C++11 running on Concurrent Computer Corporation's real-time operating system, RedHawk Linux. It runs over 600 algorithms in a 5 kHz control loop that determine whether or not to shut down operations before physical damage occurs. To accomplish this, NSTX-U engineers developed software tools that do not currently exist elsewhere, including real-time atomic synchronization, real-time containers, and a real-time logging framework. Together with a recent (and carefully configured) version of the GCC compiler, these tools enable data acquisition, processing, and output using a conventional operating system to meet a hard real-time deadline (that is, missing one periodic is a failure) of 200 microseconds.
Modeling and rendering heterogeneous fog in real-time using B-Spline wavelets
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Modeling and rendering heterogeneous fog in real-time using B-Spline wavelets Anthony Giroud method to render heterogeneous fog in real-time. The extinction function of our fog, related to its to obtain a decomposition in both space and frequency domains. A grid traversal is used to render the fog
TetSplat: Real-Time Rendering and Volume Clipping of Large Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes
TetSplat: Real-Time Rendering and Volume Clipping of Large Unstructured Tetrahedral Meshes Ken-resolution data representations. These compact hierarchical data structures are then adaptively rendered and probed in real-time on a commodity PC. Our point-based rendering algorithm, which is inspired by QSplat
Approximate Response Time for Fixed Priority Real-Time Systems with Energy-Harvesting
Boyer, Edmond
Approximate Response Time for Fixed Priority Real-Time Systems with Energy-Harvesting Yasmina sufficient schedulability tests for fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling of a real-time system under energy constraints. In this problem, energy is harvested from the ambient environment and used to replenish a storage
Schedulability Analysis for Fixed Priority Real-Time Systems with Energy-Harvesting
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Schedulability Analysis for Fixed Priority Real-Time Systems with Energy-Harvesting Yasmina sufficient schedulability tests for fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling of a real-time system under energy constraints. In this problem, energy is harvested from the ambient environment and used to replenish a storage
Real-time observation of lithium fibers growth inside a nanoscale lithium-ion battery
Endres. William J.
to observe the real-time nucleation and growth of the lithium fibers inside a nanoscale Li-ion battery. Our needed for safe and high power Li-ion batteries. VC 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10Real-time observation of lithium fibers growth inside a nanoscale lithium-ion battery Hessam
Sismos l'Ecole: A Worldwide Network of Real-Time Seismometers in Schools
Nolet, Guust
Sismos à l'Ecole: A Worldwide Network of Real-Time Seismometers in Schools by F. Courboulex, J. L countries in the world. Thanks to Sismos à l'Ecole (SaE) network stations, acces- sible in real time
Formal Methods for the Specification and Design of RealTime Safety Critical
Ostroff, Jonathan S.
Formal Methods for the Specification and Design of Real�Time Safety Critical Systems \\Lambda Jonathan S. Ostroff April, 1992 Abstract Safety critical computers increasingly affect nearly every aspect, designing and verifying real�time sys� tems, so as to improve their safety and reliability. \\Lambda
RealTime Robot Motion Planning Using Rasterizing Computer Graphics Hardware
Richardson, David
, Ithaca, N.Y. 14853 y Assistant Professor and Director, Computer Science Robotics Labora� tory, DepartmentReal�Time Robot Motion Planning Using Rasterizing Computer Graphics Hardware Jed Lengyel \\Lambda Mark Reichert \\Lambda Bruce R. Donald y Donald P. Greenberg z Abstract We present a real�time robot
Lemmon, Michael
SOFT REAL-TIME SCHEDULING OF NETWORKED CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH DROPOUTS GOVERNED BY A MARKOV CHAIN QIANG LING, MICHAEL D. LEMMON Abstract. This paper derives an equation for a networked control system as a specification on the quality of service (QoS) delivered by real-time schedulers in the communication network
Mercury: A Memory-Constrained Spatio-temporal Real-time Search on Microblogs
Bernstein, Phil
Mercury: A Memory-Constrained Spatio-temporal Real-time Search on Microblogs Amr Magdy1§ , Mohamed Mercury; a system for real-time support of top-k spatio-temporal queries on microblogs, where users are able to browse recent microblogs near their locations. With high arrival rates of microblogs, Mercury
Building Human-Level AI for Real-Time Strategy Games Ben G. Weber
California at Santa Cruz, University of
Building Human-Level AI for Real-Time Strategy Games Ben G. Weber Expressive Intelligence Studio UC to build robust intelligence. In particular, real- time strategy games provide a multi-scale challenge by studying a corpus of games, building models for anticipating op- ponent actions, and practicing within
Transfer Learning of Hierarchical Task-Network Planning Methods in a Real-Time Strategy Game
Mu�oz-Avila, H�ctor
simulations. Using simulations during the planning and learning process enables the system to get information, and simulation in a real-time strategy game engine. Introduction Learning in the context of automated planningTransfer Learning of Hierarchical Task-Network Planning Methods in a Real-Time Strategy Game
Real-Time Electricity Markets Material from this introduction was adapted from [1].
McCalley, James D.
), or balancing market. #12;2 A third market, called the operating reserve market, addresses ancillary services of products: Energy: based on resource offers and demand bids Regulating reserve: for real-time balancing1 Real-Time Electricity Markets Material from this introduction was adapted from [1
Computer Graphics in Real-time Docking with Energy Calculation and Minimization
Levitt, Michael
Computer Graphics in Real-time Docking with Energy Calculation and Minimization N. Pattabiraman, M. Levitt*, T.E. Ferrin, R. Langridge Computer Graphics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry 1985 We describe a real-time docking method using molecular graphics and high-speed calculation
Real-Time Deferrable Load Control: Handling the Uncertainties of Renewable Generation
Low, Steven H.
@caltech.edu Steven H. Low California Inst. of Tech. firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Real-time demand response is potential loads, including electric vehicles and smart appliances, will participate in demand response smart grid, deferrable load control, demand response 1. INTRODUCTION Real-time demand response seeks
Real-Time Game Design of Pac-Man Using Fuzzy Logic
Parker, Gary B.
, fuzzy logic has been chosen as the basis for the intelligent control of the ghosts' behavior1 Real-Time Game Design of Pac-Man Using Fuzzy Logic Adnan Shaout, Brady King, and Luke Reisner approaches. Keywords: Fuzzy Logic, Artificial Intelligence, Intelligent Agents, Real-Time, Interactive, Game
Schumann, Heidrun
A REAL TIME 3D VISUALIZATION PROTOTYPE FOR INTERVENTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING JENS firstname.lastname@example.com HEIDRUN SCHUMANN University of Rostock, Computer Science Department, D18051 Rostock,Germany schumann radiologists during invasive and noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging. We use preacquired and real time
Real-time fault detection and isolation in biological wastewater treatment plants
Real-time fault detection and isolation in biological wastewater treatment plants F. Baggiani and firstname.lastname@example.com Automatic fault detection is becoming increasingly important in wastewater treatment plant operation, given automation controllers, wastewater treatment INTRODUCTION Real-time monitoring is an increasingly important
A single-chip real-Time range finder
Chen, Sicheng
31 Architecture of CCD camera. :::::::::::::::::::::: 66 xv FIGURE Page 32 The basic operation of photodiodes. :::::::::::::::::: 69 33 The architecture of CMOS image sensor circuit. :::::::::::: 71 34 Passive pixel schematic and potential well. When... row select (RS) is pulsed, photo generated charge integrated on the photodiode is shared on the column bus. :::::::::::::::::::::::: 72 35 Active pixel schematic and potential well. When row select (RS) is pulsed, the voltage on the photodiode is bu...
Prototyping the R-Shell Real-Time Environment
Oswal, Snehal M.
Scheduling Agents to Resource Managers request arrives, it will be entered into a buffer space for the dispatcher to handle at a later time. This design was used to keep the resource manager from missing messages. The dispatcher attempts to schedule jobs... 1. Allocation - allocate resources to appropriate tasks. '2. Scheduling - order tasks to increase through-put snd timing correctness. :1. Dispatching - execute tasks according to the scheilule. By integrating CPU scheduling snd resource allocation...
Agent-based Large-Scale Emergency Evacuation Using Real-Time Open Government Data
Lu, Wei [ORNL; Liu, Cheng [ORNL; Bhaduri, Budhendra L [ORNL
The open government initiatives have provided tremendous data resources for the transportation system and emergency services in urban areas. This paper proposes a traffic simulation framework using high temporal resolution demographic data and real time open government data for evacuation planning and operation. A comparison study using real-world data in Seattle, Washington is conducted to evaluate the framework accuracy and evacuation efficiency. The successful simulations of selected area prove the concept to take advantage open government data, open source data, and high resolution demographic data in emergency management domain. There are two aspects of parameters considered in this study: user equilibrium (UE) conditions of traffic assignment model (simple Non-UE vs. iterative UE) and data temporal resolution (Daytime vs. Nighttime). Evacuation arrival rate, average travel time, and computation time are adopted as Measure of Effectiveness (MOE) for evacuation performance analysis. The temporal resolution of demographic data has significant impacts on urban transportation dynamics during evacuation scenarios. Better evacuation performance estimation can be approached by integrating both Non-UE and UE scenarios. The new framework shows flexibility in implementing different evacuation strategies and accuracy in evacuation performance. The use of this framework can be explored to day-to-day traffic assignment to support daily traffic operations.
In Proceedings of RTSS'94: The 14th IEEE Real-Time System Symposium, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Dec 1994. Timeliness via Speculation for Real-Time Databases
Bestavros, Azer
. Pessimistic (PCC) protocols detect con icts as soon as they occur and resolve them using blocking. Optimistic (OCC) protocols detect con icts at transac- tion commit time and resolve them using rollbacks. For real-time databases, blockages and rollbacks are hazards that increase the likelihood of transactions missing
Energy-Efficient Duplex and TMR Real-Time Systems Appeared in the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium, Dec 2002
Melhem, Rami
for autonomous critical missions need such degrees of re- liability, but energy consumption becomes a dominant the energy used by reliable computers onboard autonomous vehicles. The conservation allows these systems of electrical power for operation and cooling. Examples where energy consumption and real time are of paramount
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
Commercial buildings consume 19 percent of the energy used in the U.S. Learn how the Energy Department is supporting research and deployment on commercial weatherization.
Journal of real time image processing manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor)
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Palhano Xavier de Fontes · Guillermo Andrade Barroso · Pierre Hellier Real time ultrasound image denoising, Guillermo Andrade Barroso · Pierre Hellier INRIA Centre de Recherche Rennes Bretagne Atlantique 35 042
Ris-R-1174(EN) RTMOD: Real-Time MODel Evaluation
to simulate the atmospheric dispersion of harmful materials, as radioactive pollutants. RTMOD is structured evaluation for the inter-comparison of real-time forecasts produced by long-range atmospheric dispersion
System for remote multichannel real-time monitoring of mouse ECG via the Internet
Oefinger, Matthew Blake, 1976-
A hardware/software system was developed to allow real-time monitoring of multiple physiological signals simultaneously via the Internet. The hardware is specifically designed for measuring ECG signals from mice, while the ...
Successful Real Time Pricing (RTP) Tieline Control Must Do More Than Save Money
Robinson, J.
Industrial cogeneration facilities are finding electrical procurement contracts with Real Time Pricing (RTP) clauses attractive. By accepting a portion of the variable energy cost risk, the industrial can reduce the average cost of electricity...
Revise CS 552: Distributed Systems to CS552: Distributed Real-Time Systems
Heller, Barbara
Text Book: Real-Time Systems by Jane W.S. Liu, Prentice Hall, 2000 Research papers: Research papers Liu's book 1 #12; Resources and resource access control Multiprocessor scheduling, resource access
Closed-loop Real-time Control of a Novel Linear Magnetostrictive Actuator
Chen, Chien-Fan
This thesis presents the design of various closed-loop real-time control of a novel linear magnetostrictive actuator. The novel linear magnetostrictive actuator which uses Terfenol-D as the magnetostrictive material was developed by Sadighi...
Real-Time Cloud Rendering Mark J. Harris and Anselmo Lastra
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of
Real-Time Cloud Rendering Mark J. Harris and Anselmo Lastra Department of Computer Science for future research in section 5. Figure 1: Realistic clouds in the game "Ozzy's Black Skies". #12;2 Harris
Dedicated optoelectronic stochastic parallel processor for real-time image processing: motion-detection
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Dedicated optoelectronic stochastic parallel processor for real-time image processing: motion and performance analysis of a dedicated optoelectronic processor that implements stochastic optimization, providing compact, high-bandwidth intrachip optoelectronic interconnects. We have modeled the oper- ation
Geek-Up[09.03.10] -- Innovative Silicon Wafers, Real-Time Power...
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
difference. We buy power to decrease the system load or sell to increase it. Or, the hydro operator can increase or decrease generation at the dams." Learn how BPA's real-time...
A smartphone interface for a wireless EEG headset with real-time 3D reconstruction
and 3D reconstruction. Introduction Functional brain imaging techniques including fMRI and PET provide gestures (see Fig. 1). Evaluation A major concern in mobile real-time systems is the power consumption
A software based, 13 kbits/s real-time internet codec
Randolph, Marc A
. The quality may be 'scaled" up by allocating additional bits to the subbands. This coder has been successfully implemented in real-time on a Sun Sparc 10 platform....
Development of Real-time Closed-loop Control Algorithms for Grid-scale Battery
i Development of Real-time Closed-loop Control Algorithms for Grid-scale Battery Energy Storage Systems Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy ................................................................................................. 23 6.2. Data Storage
A Two-Layered Management Architecture for Building Adaptive Real-time Systems
Ungerer, Theo
. The ASoC project aims at the development of an architecure and design methodology to embed autonomic the fundamental concepts of software architectures for embedded real- time systems in depth. Solomon et al
Energy Saving Measures of Heating Network - Computerized Real-time Control System
Zhang, J.
ICEBO2006, Shenzhen, ChinaHVAC Technologies for Energy Efficiency, Vol. IV-12-9 Energy Saving Measures of Heating Network ?Computerized Real-time Control System Jieyan Zhang Service Bureau, Deputy-director, State...
Real-Time Data Assimilation for Operational Ensemble Streamflow Forecasting JASPER A. VRUGT
Vrugt, Jasper A.
Real-Time Data Assimilation for Operational Ensemble Streamflow Forecasting JASPER A. VRUGT Earth values must be specified (Table 1). Corresponding author address: Jasper Vrugt, Earth and Envi- ronmental
Dynamics and real-time optimal control of satellite attitude and satellite formation systems
Yan, Hui
In this dissertation the solutions of the dynamics and real-time optimal control of magnetic attitude control and formation flying systems are presented. In magnetic attitude control, magnetic actuators for the time-optimal rest-to-rest maneuver...
Real-time impluse-based rigid body simulation and rendering
Yuksel, Can
The purpose of this thesis is to develop and demonstrate a physically based rigid body simulation with a focus on simplifications to achieve real-time performance. This thesis aims to demonstrate that by improving the efficiency with simplified...
Real time monitoring of multiple wells flowing under pseudosteady state condition by using Kalman filtering
Jacob, Suresh
This work develops a method for the real time monitoring of well performance by using Kalman filtering. A system of two or more wells draining the same reservoir under pseudo steady state condition is monitored simultaneously to estimate both...
Development of a Wireless Real-Time Productivity Measurement System for Rapid Construction Operations
Kim, Seonghoon
was developed. The WRITE System has a potential to strengthen communication and coordination among participants involved in the infrastructure construction process by providing more accurate productivity information in real time....
Real-Time Measurements of Actin Filament Polymerization by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy
Real-Time Measurements of Actin Filament Polymerization by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence polymerization and its regulation by associated proteins requires an assay to monitor polymerization dynamics nucleotide. INTRODUCTION Actin polymerization contributes to many cellular processes under the control
A realistic method for real-time obstacle avoidance without the Calculation of Cspace
extensively used for the inspection, maintenance and repair of offshore structures in both deep and shallow,45,46,30,31]. Such a real-time system normally consists of the following tasks: 1. dynamic plant identification; 2. low
Journal of Robotica 1 A realistic method for real-time obstacle
extensively used for the inspection, maintenance and repair of offshore structures in both deep and shallow,45,46,30,31]. Such a real-time system normally consists of the following tasks: 1. dynamic plant identification; 2. low
On Creating a Native Real-Time-Strategy Game User Interface for Multi-Touch Devices
California at Santa Cruz, University of
|email@example.com, {firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Historically, real-time strategy video games, such as Star, interaction, video games, touch-screen, iPad 1. INTRODUCTION On many mobile platforms, multiple compelling
atom-resolved real-time studies: Topics by E-print Network
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
are collected in human-avatar promising results about the role and functioning of joint attention in human-avatar interactions. Keywords Yu, Chen 7 REVIEW ARTICLE Real-time...
Multi-version Scheduling in Rechargeable Energy-aware Real-time Systems
Melhem, Rami
and a solar panel [14]. In our work we also assume that the battery is rechargeable. During the day real Research Projects Agency through the PARTS (Power-Aware Real-Time Systems) project under Contract F33615
Towards Real-Time and Memory Efficient Predictions of Valve States in Diesel Engines
Zell, Andreas
Towards Real-Time and Memory Efficient Predictions of Valve States in Diesel Engines Philippe Komma T¨ubingen, Germany {philippe.komma, firstname.lastname@example.com system for a diesel engine
Energy-optimal schedules of real-time jobs with hard deadlines
George, John Vijoe
In this thesis, we develop algorithms that make optimal use of frequency scaling to schedule jobs with real??time requirements. Dynamic voltage scaling is a technique used to reduce energy consumption in wide variety of systems. Reducing supply...
Modeling real-time human-automation collaborative scheduling of unmanned vehicles
Clare, Andrew S
Recent advances in autonomy have enabled a future vision of single operator control of multiple heterogeneous Unmanned Vehicles (UVs). Real-time scheduling for multiple UVs in uncertain environments will require the ...
CPS : Small : Dynamically Managing the Real-time Fabric of a Wireless Sensor-Actuator Network
Lemmon, Michael
CPS : Small : Dynamically Managing the Real-time Fabric of a Wireless Sensor-Actuator Network 1 as a multi-player game between applications (users) that is essentially a network utility maximization (NUM
Real time grid congestion management in presence of high penetration of wind energy
Boyer, Edmond
Real time grid congestion management in presence of high penetration of wind energy A. Vergnol1 , J », « Wind energy », « Variable speed drive » Abstract With the increased use of wind energy the power
Toward natural interaction in the real world: real-time gesture recognition
Yin, Ying
Using a new hand tracking technology capable of tracking 3D hand postures in real-time, we developed a recognition system for continuous natural gestures. By natural gestures, we mean those encountered in spontaneous ...
Real-Time Motion Planning With Applications to Autonomous Urban Driving
Kuwata, Yoshiaki
This paper describes a real-time motion planning algorithm, based on the rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) approach, applicable to autonomous vehicles operating in an urban environment. Extensions to the standard RRT are ...
Development of environmental and oceanographic real-time assessment system for the near-shore environment
Ojo, Temitope O.
of the constituents of interest. This study is focused on the development of a framework that couples real-time measurements and numerical simulation for tracking constituents in surface waters. The parameterization of the mixing and turbulent diffusion impacts...
Evaluating Policies and Mechanisms for Supporting Embedded, Real-Time Applications with CORBA 3.0
, and weight/power consumption, software techniques used to develop real-time systems have historically lagged,firstname.lastname@example.com Irfan Pyarali, and David L. Levine Electrical & Computer Engineering Dept. ffredk
Fuzzy adaptive connection admission control for real-time applications in ATM-based heterogeneous networks
Zhang, Ying-Bi
In this thesis, I propose a fuzzy adaptive connection admission control (CAC) approach for real-time applications in ATM-Based heterogeneous networks (ABHN) where ATM serves as a backbone that connects different LANs by interface devices. This type...
Getting a Better Performing Building: Commissioning and Real Time Data Analysis
Barba, M.
based on real time system operational data. Because of the dynamic nature and complexity of commercial building HVAC systems, they are the perfect target for periodic performance assessments, or recommissioning. Today's buildings are expected to supply...
Real-time processing of remote sensor data as applied to Arctic ice classification
Permenter, James Austin
REAL-TIME PROCESSING OF REMOTE SENSOR DATA AS APPLIED TO ARCTIC ICE CLASSIFICATION A Thesis by JAMES AUSTIN PERMENTER partial ! Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A)M University in fulfillment of the requirement for the degree... of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 1973 Major Subject: Electrical Engineering REAL-TIME PROCESSING OF REMOTE SENSOR DATA AS APPLIED TO ARCTIC ICE CLASSIFICATION A Thesis by James Austin Permenter Approved as to style and content by: ] ( rman of Commi...
A multiprocessor system for real-time simulation of power electronic circuits
Qawasmi, Nabil Hussein
that describes it [7]. Its applications are widely distributed among many areas of technology such as process controls, aerospace, and other engineering oriented system design and analysis problems. Real-time simulation is a much favored simulation method...A MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM FOR REAL-TIME SIMULATION OF POWER ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS A Thesis by NABIL HUSSEIN QAWASMI Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas AkM University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER...
Flow Control of Real Time Multimedia Applications Using Model Predictive Control with a Feed Forward Term
Duong, Thien Chi
. In this research, the flow accumulation is the signal used in feedback for flow control. It has the advantage of reflecting both packet losses and delays; therefore, it is a better choice. Using network simulations, the accumulations of real-time audio... based on ARX predictor and utilizes sending bit rate as input and accumulation as output signal. The control effort is to remain the accumulations of real-time multimedia flows at a certain reference. From network simulation results, he concluded...
A high-resolution, four-band SAR testbed with real-time image formation
Walker, B.; Sander, G.; Thompson, M.; Burns, B.; Fellerhoff, R.; Dubbert, D.
This paper describes the Twin-Otter SAR Testbed developed at Sandia National Laboratories. This SAR is a flexible, adaptable testbed capable of operation on four frequency bands: Ka, Ku, X, and VHF/UHF bands. The SAR features real-time image formation at fine resolution in spotlight and stripmap modes. High-quality images are formed in real time using the overlapped subaperture (OSA) image-formation and phase gradient autofocus (PGA) algorithms.
A comparison of Lagrangian inertia coefficients for robot manipulator dynamics to examine real-time applicability
Roston, Gerald Paul
A COMPARISON OF LAGRANGIAN INERTIA COEFFICIENTS FOR ROBOT MANIPULATOR DYNAMICS TO EXAMINE REAL-TIME APPLICABILITY A Thesis by GERALD PAUL ROSTON Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment... of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE August 1985 Major Subject: Mechanical Engineering A COMPARISON OF LAGRANGIAN INERTIA COEFFICIENTS FOR ROBOT MANIPULATOR DYiNAMICS TO EXAMINE REAL-TIME APPLICABILITY A Thesis by GERALD PAUL ROSTON...
Real time MR Coronary Angiography at 3T P. K. Nguyen1
Southern California, University of
Real time MR Coronary Angiography at 3T P. K. Nguyen1 , K. Nayak2,3 , C. Cunningham3 , J. M. Santos3 , M. Tsukiji1 , J. Brittain4 , M. V. McConnell1 , D. Nishimura3 , B. Hu3 , J. Pauly3 , P. Yang1 1 Park, CA, United States Introduction. Real time MR eliminates the need for cardiac-gating or breath
Real-time metaphorical visualization of multi-dimensional environmental data
Aley, Eric Brian
REAL-TIME METAPHORICAL VISUALIZATION OF MULTI- DIMENSIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA A Thesis by ERIC BRIAN ALEY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements... for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 2006 Major Subject: Visualization Sciences REAL-TIME METAPHORICAL VISUALIZATION OF MULTI- DIMENSIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATA A Thesis by ERIC BRIAN ALEY Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies...
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
More than 750 thousand homes were weatherized by the Department�s Weatherization Assistance Program in the past three years. Secretary Chu spoke with governors and members of Congress around the country to celebrate this huge accomplishment -- which was finished ahead of schedule and is saving the average household $400 annually on their heating and cooling bills.
Tesfatsion, Leigh
day-ahead counterpart, real-time locational marginal prices (LMP) are calculated every fiveMIDWEST ISO CO-OPTIMIZATION BASED REAL-TIME DISPATCH AND PRICING OF ENERGY AND ANCILLARY SERVICES-time dispatch and pricing. The RT SCED formulation at the core of the real-time dispatch and pricing market
A Real-time Visual Tracking System in the Robot Soccer Domain Bo Li, Edward Smith, Huosheng Hu, Libor Spacek
Hu, Huosheng
A Real-time Visual Tracking System in the Robot Soccer Domain Bo Li, Edward Smith, Huosheng Hu Abstract This paper presents a real-time visual tracking system in the robot soccer domain. The details of the Essex Wizards robot football team and its control system are described. A real-time visual tracking
Towards Real-Time High Performance Computing For Power Grid Analysis
Hui, Peter SY; Lee, Barry; Chikkagoudar, Satish
Real-time computing has traditionally been considered largely in the context of single-processor and embedded systems, and indeed, the terms real-time computing, embedded systems, and control systems are often mentioned in closely related contexts. However, real-time computing in the context of multinode systems, specifically high-performance, cluster-computing systems, remains relatively unexplored. Imposing real-time constraints on a parallel (cluster) computing environment introduces a variety of challenges with respect to the formal verification of the system's timing properties. In this paper, we give a motivating example to demonstrate the need for such a system--- an application to estimate the electromechanical states of the power grid--- and we introduce a formal method for performing verification of certain temporal properties within a system of parallel processes. We describe our work towards a full real-time implementation of the target application--- namely, our progress towards extracting a key mathematical kernel from the application, the formal process by which we analyze the intricate timing behavior of the processes on the cluster, as well as timing measurements taken on our test cluster to demonstrate use of these concepts.
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
As Recovery Act money arrives to expand home weatherization programs across the country, Zachary Stewart of Phoenix, Ariz., and others have found an exciting opportunity not only to start working...
Stewart, Zachary; Bergeron, T.J.; Barth, Dale; Qualis, Xavier; Sewall, Travis; Fransen, Richard; Gill, Tony;
As Recovery Act money arrives to expand home weatherization programs across the country, Zachary Stewart of Phoenix, Ariz., and others have found an exciting opportunity not only to start working again, but also to find a calling.
Real-time MSE measurements for current profile control on KSTAR
De Bock, M. F. M.; Aussems, D.; Huijgen, R.; Scheffer, M. [Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven (Netherlands); Chung, J. [National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of)
To step up from current day fusion experiments to power producing fusion reactors, it is necessary to control long pulse, burning plasmas. Stability and confinement properties of tokamak fusion reactors are determined by the current or q profile. In order to control the q profile, it is necessary to measure it in real-time. A real-time motional Stark effect diagnostic is being developed at Korean Superconducting Tokamak for Advanced Research for this purpose. This paper focuses on 3 topics important for real-time measurements: minimize the use of ad hoc parameters, minimize external influences and a robust and fast analysis algorithm. Specifically, we have looked into extracting the retardance of the photo-elastic modulators from the signal itself, minimizing the influence of overlapping beam spectra by optimizing the optical filter design and a multi-channel, multiharmonic phase locking algorithm.
Improved process control through real-time measurement of mineral content
Turler, Daniel; Karaca, Murat; Davis, William B.; Giauque, Robert D.; Hopkins, Deborah
In a highly collaborative research and development project with mining and university partners, sensors and data-analysis tools are being developed for rock-mass characterization and real-time measurement of mineral content. Determining mineralogy prior to mucking in an open-pit mine is important for routing the material to the appropriate processing stream. A possible alternative to lab assay of dust and cuttings obtained from drill holes is continuous on-line sampling and real-time x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Results presented demonstrate that statistical analyses combined with XRF data can be employed to identify minerals and, possibly, different rock types. The objective is to create a detailed three-dimensional mineralogical map in real time that would improve downstream process efficiency.
Real-time, single-step bioassay using nanoplasmonic resonator with ultra-high sensitivity
Zhang, Xiang; Ellman, Jonathan A; Chen, Fanqing Frank; Su, Kai-Hang; Wei, Qi-Huo; Sun, Cheng
A nanoplasmonic resonator (NPR) comprising a metallic nanodisk with alternating shielding layer(s), having a tagged biomolecule conjugated or tethered to the surface of the nanoplasmonic resonator for highly sensitive measurement of enzymatic activity. NPRs enhance Raman signals in a highly reproducible manner, enabling fast detection of protease and enzyme activity, such as Prostate Specific Antigen (paPSA), in real-time, at picomolar sensitivity levels. Experiments on extracellular fluid (ECF) from paPSA-positive cells demonstrate specific detection in a complex bio-fluid background in real-time single-step detection in very small sample volumes.
A TMS320C30 based real time data acquisition system
Shahrier, Sharif Mohammad
A TMS320C30 BASED REAL TIME DATA ACQIJISITION SYSTEM A Thesis by SHARIF MOHAMMAD SHAHRIER Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texa, s A & M Hniversity in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE... August 1992 Major Subject: Electrical Engineering A TMS320C30 BASED REAL TIME DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM A Thesis by SHARIF MOHAMMAD SHAHRIER Approved as to style and content by: B. Don Russell (Chair of Co ittee) 1 Bar G. ouglass ember) z-r . es...
Real-Time Distribution Feeder Performance Monitoring, Advisory Control, and Health Management System
Stoupis, James; Mousavi, Mirrasoul
New data collection system equipment was installed in Xcel Energy substations and data was collected from 6 substations and 20 feeders. During Phase I, ABB collected and analyzed 793 real-time events to date from 6 Xcel Energy substations and continues today. The development and integration of several applications was completed during the course of this project, including a model-based faulted segment identification algorithm, with very positive results validated with field-gathered data discussed and included in this report. For mostly underground feeders, the success rate is 90% and the overreach rate is 90%. For mostly overhead feeders, the success rate is 74% and the overreach rate is 50%. The developed method is producing very accurate results for mostly underground feeders. For mostly overhead feeders, due to the bad OMS data quality and varying fault resistance when arcing, the developed method is producing good results but with much room for improvement. One area where the algorithm can be improved is the accuracy for sub-cycle fault events. In these cases, the accuracy of the conventional signal processing methods suffers due to most of these methods being based on a one-cycle processing window. By improving the signal processing accuracy, the accuracy of the faulted segment identification algorithm will also improve significantly. ABB intends to devote research in this area in the near future to help solve this problem. Other new applications developed during the course of the project include volt/VAR monitoring, unbalanced capacitor switching detection, unbalanced feeder loading detection, and feeder overloading detection. An important aspect of the demonstration phase of the project is to show the ability to provide adequate �heads-up� time ahead of customer calls or AMI reports so that the operators are provided with the much needed time to collect information needed to address an outage. The advance notification feature of the demonstration system provides this time and helps accelerate service restoration ultimately. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this feature, a demo system using substation data alone was set up to compare the minutes saved over a period of 22 months for two feeders where the real-time notification system has been deployed. The metric used for performance assessment is the time difference between the actual outage time from the OMS versus the time the notification email was received on the operators desk. Over the period of 22 months, we have accumulated over 7600 minutes (32 hours) ahead of actual outage time compared to the OMS timestamps. The significance of this analysis is that it shows the potential to reduce the SAIDI minutes and directly impact utility performance in terms of outage duration. If deployed at scale, it would have a significant impact on system reliability. To put this number in perspective, it would be helpful to assign a dollar figure to the potential savings that could be realized. According to the host utility, the average cost for each customer-minute-out (CMO) is approximately $0.30 across the operating company. This includes both direct and indirect costs such as bad press. The outage data over the previous 4 years show that the average customer count on primary/tap level outages is about 56. Accordingly, the total minutes saved amounts to 425,600 CMOs on the average. This would in turn result in a potential cost savings figure of $127,680 for two feeders alone over the period of performance. This empirical evidence validates the strong value proposition of the project that was contemplated at the onset and its potential impact to reduce outage duration in support of DOE�s goal of 20%
Towards an Integrated Planning and Adaptive Resource Management Architecture for Distributed Real-time Embedded Systems
Koutsoukos, Xenofon D.
conditions change. Key challenges in managing open DRE systems in- clude effective planning and online management of system resources to accommodate for changing mission goals, en- vironmental conditions- source management to control and ensure efficient function- ing of open DRE systems. 1 Introduction
Integrating Real Time and Power Management in a Real System Martin P. Lawitzky
§ Stefan M. Petters§ NICTA Sydney, Australia § University of New South Wales Sydney, Australia ¶ TU M. This enables the use of the dynamic slack caused by the variability of execution time, to reduce energy and other thermal dissipation devices, a limited power supply (e.g. a solar powered system), or simply
An Integrated Heuristic Approach to Power-Aware Real-Time Scheduling
Mejia-Alvarez, Pedro
@cs.cinvestav.mx 2 Holon Academic Institute of Technology, Department of Computer Science, 52 Golomb St, Holon 58102
A shoe-integrated sensor system for wireless gait analysis and real-time therapeutic feedback
Morris, Stacy J., 1974-
Clinical gait analysis currently involves either an expensive analysis in a motion laboratory, using highly accurate, if cumbersome, kinematic systems, or a qualitative analysis with a physician or physical therapist making ...
Real Time Pricing as a Default or Optional Service for C&I Customers: A Comparative Analysis of Eight Case Studies
Barbose, Galen; Goldman, Charles; Bharvirkar, Ranjit; Hopper, Nicole; Ting, Michael; Neenan, Bernie
Load Response Program � Real Time Option is a unique examplePJM Economic LRP � Real Time Option, PJM Emergency LRPPJM Economic LRP � Real Time Option PowerShare � QuoteOption
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 1 Estimating and Enhancing Real-Time Data
Kang, Kyoung-Don
in a timely manner using fresh data reflecting the current market status or target positions [2]. In e--It is essential to process real-time data service requests such as stock quotes and trade transactions in a timely manner using fresh data, which represent the current real world phenomena such as the stock market status
Nonlinear control for systems with bounded inputs: Real-time embedded control applied to UAVs
Sontag, Eduardo
Nonlinear control for systems with bounded inputs: Real-time embedded control applied to UAVs Farid) UAVs including conventional helicopters, four- rotors aircraft (Draganflyer) and several designs for small aerial vehicles, some restrictions and conditions specific to small UAVs have to be considered
Flight Testing a Real Time Implementation of a UAV Path Planner Using Direct Collocation
Flight Testing a Real Time Implementation of a UAV Path Planner Using Direct Collocation Brian R by tracking a second UAV flying a predefined pattern. Finally, a method of commanding the observation vector ^s UAV sensor line of sight unit vector p Attraction point u UAV Control vector xt Target state
Validation of the new real-time equilibrium code EQUINOX on JET and Tore Supra
Faugeras, Blaise
Validation of the new real-time equilibrium code EQUINOX on JET and Tore Supra D. Mazon1 , P. Lotte Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS Parc Valrose 06108 Nice Cedex 02 France 3 Consorzio RFX Associazione time equilibrium reconstruction code EQUINOX, which solves the Grad Shafranov equation, has been
A real-time hydrological model for flood prediction using GIS and the WWW
Blackburn, Alan
water distribution. The development of such a system would be particularly important outside of urban and spatial real-time, emergency decision support. Rather than discuss develop- ments in the modelling Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 27 (2003) 932 www.elsevier.com/locate/compenvurbsys 0198
Author's personal copy Applications and usage of the real-time Neutron Monitor Database q
Usoskin, Ilya G.
in Astrophysics from Space (E), High-Energy Solar Particle Events Past, Present, Future/Joint Scientific Event UOULU, PL 3000, FIN-90014, Finland i Yerevan Physics Institute after A.I. Alikhanyan-ARAGATS, Alikhanyan in real-time mode. An important one will be the establishment of an Alert signal when dangerous solar
The Potential of Energy Management and Control Systems for Real-Time Electricity Pricing Programs
Akbari, H.; Heinemeier, K. E.
provides an opportunity for the utility to implement this network by linking directly with equipment already in place: customer-owned energy management and control systems (EMCS). This paper assesses the potential use of EMCSs in utility real-time pricing...
Accurate Modeling and Prediction of Energy Availability in Energy Harvesting Real-Time Embedded Systems
Qiu, Qinru
Binghamton University, State University of New York Binghamton, New York, USA {jlu5, sliu5, qwu, qqiuAccurate Modeling and Prediction of Energy Availability in Energy Harvesting Real-Time firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract -- Energy availability is the primary subject that drives the research innovations in energy
Real-time processing of a long perimeter fiber optic intrusion system
Snider, William Timothy
This thesis reports on recent advances made in real-time intruder detection for an intrusion system developed at Texas A&M University that utilizes a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer. The system uses light pulses from a highly...
DEZENT: A Safety-Critical Real-Time Approach Decentralized Electric Power Management
Wedde, Horst F.
for establishing technologies based on solar or wind power, or on renewable energy sources, is an adequate project we started from a power grid structure as to be frequently found e.g. in cen- tral Europe (see figDEZENT: A Safety-Critical Real-Time Approach for Decentralized Electric Power Management H. F
Energy Aware Non-preemptive Scheduling for Hard Real-Time Ravindra Jejurikar Rajesh K. Gupta
Gupta, Rajesh
. . . . . . 11 4 Energy comparison of the static slowdown algorithms as a function of the task gain factor GfEnergy Aware Non-preemptive Scheduling for Hard Real-Time Systems Ravindra Jejurikar Rajesh K the ability to perform an energy-delay tradeoff in the computation and communications subsystems. Slowdown
Effect of real-time electricity pricing on renewable generators and system emissions
Connolly, Jeremiah P. (Jeremiah Peter)
Real-time retail pricing (RTP) of electricity, in which the retail price is allowed to vary with very little time delay in response to changes in the marginal cost of generation, offers expected short-run and long-run ...
Real-time State Estimation on Micro-grids Ying Hu, Anthony Kuh, Aleksandar Kavcic
Kavcic, Aleksandar
on the factor graph utilizing real-time measurements from the smart metering devices. The result are experiencing a transformation of the power grid. The future smart grid [4] will bring advanced metering-time measurements. As more smart metering devices are being deployed on the grid, power system analysis is p
Real-time fracture monitoring in Engineered Geothermal Systems with seismic waves
Jose A. Rial; Jonathan Lees
As proposed, the main effort in this project is the development of software capable of performing real-time monitoring of micro-seismic activity recorded by an array of sensors deployed around an EGS. The main milestones are defined by the development of software to perform the following tasks: � Real-time micro-earthquake detection and location � Real-time detection of shear-wave splitting � Delayed-time inversion of shear-wave splitting These algorithms, which are discussed in detail in this report, make possible the automatic and real-time monitoring of subsurface fracture systems in geothermal fields from data collected by an array of seismic sensors. Shear wave splitting (SWS) is parameterized in terms of the polarization of the fast shear wave and the time delay between the fast and slow shear waves, which are automatically measured and stored. The measured parameters are then combined with previously measured SWS parameters at the same station and used to invert for the orientation (strike and dip) and intensity of cracks under that station. In addition, this grant allowed the collection of seismic data from several geothermal regions in the US (Coso) and Iceland (Hengill) to use in the development and testing of the software.
MSIP: A protocol for efficient handoffs of real-time multimedia sessions in mobile wireless scenarios
Iyer, Sridhar
infrastructure is to efficiently manage user mobility. Mobility is handled by Mobile IP (at the network layer in this paper, MSIP, is a combination of network and application layer mobility management models reducesMSIP: A protocol for efficient handoffs of real-time multimedia sessions in mobile wireless
A Library of SIMULINK Blocks for Real-Time Control of HEV Traction John Chiasson1
Tolbert, Leon M.
algorithms for the various types of motor drives considered for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs algorithms for the various types of motor drives considered for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs02FCC-30 A Library of SIMULINK Blocks for Real-Time Control of HEV Traction Drives John Chiasson1
Minimal Activity Mixed-Signal VLSI Architecture for Real-Time Linear Transforms in Video
Genov, Roman
-signal processor performs digital vector- matrix multiplication using internally analog fine-grain parallel multiplication, and zero- latency analog accumulation. Matrix coefficients are stored in a bit-parallel form. INTRODUCTION Real-time computing of linear transforms on a battery- powered mobile platform imposes great
A Simulation Tool for Real-time Systems using Environmental Energy Harvesting Maryline CHETTO
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
, the system operates in a so-called energy neutral mode by consuming only as much energy as harvested. The simulator enables to construct an optimal schedule for any task set, battery capacity and energy sourceA Simulation Tool for Real-time Systems using Environmental Energy Harvesting Maryline CHETTO
On the feasibility and utility of exploiting real time database search to improve adaptive peak selection
Noble, William Stafford
On the feasibility and utility of exploiting real time database search to improve adaptive peak and utility of incorporating analysis of previous fragmentation scans into the peak selection protocol. We, the most common peak selection strategy is based upon the notion of an exclusion list, which
U-Boot Standalone Application (Exports) API 18349 Embedded Real-Time Systems
Narasimhan, Priya
U-Boot Standalone Application (Exports) API 18349 Embedded Real-Time Systems 1 Introduction This document contains details on the U-Boot 1.1.4 Exports API used by standalone applications. Most of the details of this document were derived from reading the U-Boot source code relevant to the gum- stix
d Technical Note RING ARRAY TRANSDUCERS FOR REAL-TIME 3-D IMAGING OF AN ATRIAL
Smith, Stephen
with a matching layer. Real-time 3-D rendered images of an en face view of a Gore Helex septal occluder in a water-Yakub and Oralkan 2011). Atrial septal defects (ASD) comprise up to 7% of total congenital heart lesions and as much as 25% of congenital heart disease in adults (Kaplan 1993). ASDs may go undetected for decades
Real-Time Dynamic Brake Assessment Conduct a proof-of-concept
Real-Time Dynamic Brake Assessment Purpose Conduct a proof-of-concept test to examine the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration's Vehicle and Roadside Operations Division Concept stemming conducted for the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration. Signals to be collected Real
ccsd-00001825,version2-19Oct2004 Development of Real Time Diagnostics and
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
of several plasma parameters. Both diagnostics and algorithms were successfully used in several experiments of Tokamak plasmas, the responsibility of the identification falls mainly on plasma diagnostics. In the ccsd-00001825,version2-19Oct2004 Development of Real Time Diagnostics and Feedback Algorithms
Field Test to Demonstrate Real-Time In-Situ Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds
Ho, Cliff
1 Field Test to Demonstrate Real-Time In-Situ Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds Hazmat Spill Center, Nevada Test Site September 19-25, 2001 Clifford K. Ho Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque-filled 55- gallon drum at the Hazmat Spill Center at the Nevada Test Site. Background and Objectives Tens
Krumke, Sven O.
REAL-TIME DISPATCHING OF GUIDED AND UNGUIDED AUTOMOBILE SERVICE UNITS WITH SOFT TIME WINDOWS SVEN O that are no worse than 1% from optimum on state-of-the-art personal computers. 1. INTRODUCTION The German Automobile Association ADAC (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil- Club), the second largest automobile club worldwide
A practical post-processing technique for real-time block-based coding system
Chan, Chris Y. H.
1 A practical post-processing technique for real-time block-based coding system Yuk-Hee Chan, Sung to restore the images encoded with block-based compression standards such as JPEG. This method classi es with the reported post-processing methods. Keywords| I. Introduction THE Joint Photographic Experts Group JPEG im
A Real-Time Decision Support System for High Cost Oil-Well Drilling Operations
Aamodt, Agnar
A Real-Time Decision Support System for High Cost Oil-Well Drilling Operations Odd Erik Gundersen In this paper we present DrillEdge - a commercial and award winning software system that monitors oil-well drilling operations in order to reduce non-productive time (NPT). DrillEdge utilizes case-based reasoning
Figure 1: ATA 42 antenna array at Hat Creek ********ADAPTIVE REAL TIME IMAGING FOR RADIO ASTRONOMY*******
Militzer, Burkhard
Figure 1: ATA 42 antenna array at Hat Creek ********ADAPTIVE REAL TIME IMAGING FOR RADIO ASTRONOMY -------------------------- · Astronomers primarily interested in astronomy. Data reduction preoccupies radio astronomy specialists,f,p Bandpass( )f PolCal( )f,p Gains( )s,f,p S Beam Imager Astronomy Solver I2 ( ) )^(^, 2sVpfV - å ¹kj X Solver
Security-Aware Resource Allocation for Real-Time Parallel Jobs on Homogeneous
Qin, Xiao
processing systems [2], med- ical electronics [9], aircraft control [1], and scientific parallel computing [6 a system framework, security overhead, and parallel applications with deadline and security constraintsSecurity-Aware Resource Allocation for Real-Time Parallel Jobs on Homogeneous and Heterogeneous
Local Flaps: A Real-Time Finite Element Based Solution to the Plastic Surgery
Liblit, Ben
Local Flaps: A Real-Time Finite Element Based Solution to the Plastic Surgery Defect Puzzle fundamental challenges in plastic surgery is the alter- ation of the geometry and topology of the skin for the patient after the procedure is completed. The plastic surgeon must look at the defect created
The BEST Desktop Soft Real-Time Scheduler Scott A. Banachowski and Scott A. Brandt
Miller, Ethan L.
The BEST Desktop Soft Real-Time Scheduler Scott A. Banachowski and Scott A. Brandt University of California, Santa Cruz E-mail: sbanacho,sbrandt¡ @cse.ucsc.edu Abstract Best-effort CPU scheduling- effort scheduler that handles CPU-intensive, I/O-intensive, and periodic SRT processes using a single
The BEST Desktop Soft Real-Time Scheduler Scott A. Banachowski and Scott A. Brandt
Brandt, Scott A.
results, i.e. priority boosts should be based on rate or deadline requirements. ¯ Increasing the loadThe BEST Desktop Soft Real-Time Scheduler Scott A. Banachowski and Scott A. Brandt University-effort scheduler that handles CPU-intensive, I/O-intensive, and periodic SRT processes using a single scheduling
Sheikholeslami, Ali
REAL-TIME DUAL-MICROPHONE SPEECH ENHANCEMENT USING FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS David Halupka@eecg}.toronto.edu ABSTRACT This paper discusses an implementation of a dual- microphone phase-based speech enhancement or irrelevant conversations, are present has fueled research interest in the areas of speech enhancement
An off-line multiprocessor real-time scheduling algorithm to reduce static energy consumption
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
An off-line multiprocessor real-time scheduling algorithm to reduce static energy consumption, France email@example.com Abstract--Energy consumption of highly reliable real dynamic energy consumption. This paper aims to propose a new off-line schedul- ing algorithm to put
Multi-touchless: Real-Time Fingertip Detection and Tracking Using Geodesic Maxima
Bowden, Richard
Multi-touchless: Real-Time Fingertip Detection and Tracking Using Geodesic Maxima Philip Krejov the geodesic maxima of the surface. Fingertips are then selected from these maxima using a simplified model that uses geodesic maxima instead of visual appearance which is both efficient to compute and robust to both
REAL-TIME, WEB BASED ENERGY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR A SOLAR ACADEMIC BUILDING John H. Scofield
Scofield, John H.
Field Station incorporates passive solar cooling and active solar heating, maximizes ergonomicREAL-TIME, WEB BASED ENERGY MONITORING SYSTEM FOR A SOLAR ACADEMIC BUILDING John H. Scofield. The Leslie Shao-ming Sun Field Station is a 9,800 sf single- story building designed to help Jasper Ridge
Compositionality in Real-Time Model Checking Jasper Berendsen and Frits Vaandrager
Vaandrager, Frits
Compositionality in Real-Time Model Checking Jasper Berendsen and Frits Vaandrager Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen Laquso Lunch Colloquium, 8 november 2007 Jasper Berendsen and Vaandrager Compositionality Modules, etc, CCS, I/O automata, ACP, mCRL2, etc Lamport: "In reality there are only states" Jasper
Widmer, Gerhard
THE "AIR WORM": AN INTERFACE FOR REAL-TIME MANIPULATION OF EXPRESSIVE MUSIC PERFORMANCE Simon Dixon of Computational Perception Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria ABSTRACT Expressive performance file. Several modes of operation are possible: the "Air Worm" builds on previous work in performance vi
RNA Degradation in Cell Extracts: Real-Time Monitoring by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
Walter, Nils G.
S1 RNA Degradation in Cell Extracts: Real-Time Monitoring by Fluorescence Resonance Energy TransferM PMSF; we found the pH after dialysis to be 7.6. UV Melting Curves: 1 µM unlabeled or doubly fluorophore wavelength for a UV melting experiment, and the signal at 320 nm was subtracted as background. Temperatures
Real-time feedback-controlled robotic fish for behavioral experiments with fish schools
Leonard, Naomi
1 Real-time feedback-controlled robotic fish for behavioral experiments with fish schools Daniel T- gations of collective animal behavior. In the case of fish schooling, new insights into processes such as collective decision making and leadership have been made in recent experiments in which live fish were
A Real-Time Navigation Architecture for Automated Vehicles in Urban Environments
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
A Real-Time Navigation Architecture for Automated Vehicles in Urban Environments Gang Chen presents a novel navigation architec- ture for automated car-like vehicles in urban environments. Motion with fully automated driving capabilities. A fleet of such vehicles would form a managed transportation
Using Transient Electrical Measurements for Real-Time Monitoring of Battery State-of-Charge
Nasipuri, Asis
system. I. INTRODUCTION Future energy-storage systems are likely to use lithium- ion batteries because regulate efficiency and power availability in battery-based systems, it is important to have a robust realUsing Transient Electrical Measurements for Real-Time Monitoring of Battery State
Utility Accrual Real-Time Scheduling with Probabilistically Assured Timeliness Performance
Ravindran, Binoy
is a generalization of the classical dead- line constraint, specifies the utility of completing an ap- plicationUtility Accrual Real-Time Scheduling with Probabilistically Assured Timeliness Performance Peng Li Jensen The MITRE Corporation Bedford, MA 01730, USA email@example.com Abstract We present time/utility
A Database Architecture For Real-Time Motion Retrieval Charly Awad, Nicolas Courty and Sylvie Gibet
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
A Database Architecture For Real-Time Motion Retrieval Charly Awad, Nicolas Courty and Sylvie Gibet, leading to an ex- ponential growth of the size of motion databases. Conse- quently indexing, querying, and retrieving motion capture data have become important considerations in the usability of such databases. Our
Energy Aware Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Selection for Real-Time Systems with Energy Harvesting
Qiu, Qinru
Energy Aware Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Selection for Real-Time Systems with Energy firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract In this paper, an energy aware dynamic voltage and frequency selection (EA-DVFS) algorithm energy and the harvested energy in a future duration. Specifically, if the system has sufficient energy
Performance Evaluation of Real-Time Scheduling Heuristics for Energy Harvesting Systems
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Performance Evaluation of Real-Time Scheduling Heuristics for Energy Harvesting Systems Maryline by extracting energy from their environment. This is known as energy harvesting. This paper investigates within enough time for a proper response to be made to a rapid increase in the temperature. Harvesting
Scheduling with Quality of Service requirements in Real-Time Energy Harvesting sensors
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Scheduling with Quality of Service requirements in Real-Time Energy Harvesting sensors Maissa by energy harvesters. We address this issue by proposing two energy-aware scheduling algorithmsS) measured in terms of deadline success ratio. Index Terms--embedded systems; energy harvesting schedu- ling
Real-Time Character Animation for Computer Games Eike F Anderson
Davies, Christopher
three-dimensional game characters which are real-time animated inside the virtual environment-time character animation. 2 RELATED WORK Both, memory and processing power, are expensive. More realism in games, by recursively traversing the hierarchic data structure starting from the root, passing down the transformation
Development of an actuated traffic control process utilizing real-time estimated volume feedbback
Pacelli, Michael Joseph
state of the system in the same units. The goal of this research was to develop an actuated traffic control process that could use estimated volumes in order to optimally operate the traffic signal in real- time in response to actual traffic demands...
Zollman, Dean
COMPUTER-VIDEO METHOD EVALUATES REAL MOTION DATA IN REAL TIME FOR STUDENTS Roman Dengler, Karl dimension. These devices, however, are·normally limited to one dimension. The video camera, on the other of information recorded by the video camera into useable, digital information. For this purpose, we devised
Ma, Yi
is closed around desired robot chassis position to generate cartesian feedback forces. A convex optimization primarily on the planning problem. This paper focuses on the design of a control system. The target robotCONTROL OF A CLIMBING ROBOT USING REAL-TIME CONVEX OPTIMIZATION Teresa G. Miller Timothy W. Bretl
Real-Time Load Elasticity Tracking and Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging
Giannakis, Georgios
owners may also benefit from lower energy cost in the face of spiking gasoline prices. Although1 Real-Time Load Elasticity Tracking and Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging Nasim Yahya Soltani price intelligently for individual customers to elicit desirable load curves. In this context
Preliminary study of detecting neoplastic growths in vivo with real time calibrated
Qu, Jianan
Preliminary study of detecting neoplastic growths in vivo with real time calibrated University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China email@example.com Tak of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China Abstract: The goal
Flow visualization of molten alloys using real-time neutron radiography
Bennett, Tami Norene
The objective of this research is to visualize the flow of molten alloys using real-time neutron radiography. Initial experiments were performed using solder (50% tin, 50% lead), with nickel tracer particles, heated in a furnace to its liquid state...
EcoMobile: Energy-aware Real-time Framework for Multicore Mobile Systems1
Cheng, Albert M. K.
EcoMobile: Energy-aware Real-time Framework for Multicore Mobile Systems1 B. Liu, Y. Wen, F. Liu, Y://www.cs.uh.edu Technical Report Number UH-CS-11-09 October 23, 2011 Keywords: mobile system, energy-aware, real plan to build an energy-aware framework for multicore mobile systems which extends Android with two
Real-Time Scheduling of Energy Harvesting Embedded Systems with Timed Automata
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
, in addition to traditional embedded system components, by an energy collector unit (eg a solar panel implants which collect energy from the human body, mobile or fix devices with solar panel or windmill etc) and by an energy storage unit (a battery or a capacitor). One common hypothesis in real-time system theory
Adaptive Connection Admission Control for Mission Critical Real-Time Communication Networks
Bettati, Riccardo
admission control in real-time communication networks. Much of the existing work on connection admission in resource availability. We take an innovative approach: First, we allow an application to specify QoS over include supervisory command and control of defense systems, manufacturing plants, etc. The success
Adaptive Connection Admission Control for Mission Critical Real-Time Communication Networks
Sahoo, Anirudha
in real-time communication networks. Much of the existing work on connection admission control (CAC availability. We take an innovative approach: First, we allow an application to specify QoS in a range, rather include supervisory command and control of defense systems, manufacturing plants, etc. The success
Analysis of Competitive Electricity Markets under a New Model of Real-Time Retail Pricing with
Bhatia, Sangeeta
Analysis of Competitive Electricity Markets under a New Model of Real-Time Retail Pricing with Ex for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA {mardavij, mdrine loop system. Under this pricing mechanism, electricity is priced at the exant´e price (calculated based
A Brain-to-Brain Interface for Real-Time Sharing of Sensorimotor Information
Indiana University
A Brain-to-Brain Interface for Real-Time Sharing of Sensorimotor Information Miguel Pais-Vieira1 Safra International Institute for Neuroscience of Natal (ELS-IINN), RN 59066-060, Natal, Brazil. A brain-to-brain the brains of two rats. In this BTBI, an ``encoder'' rat performed sensorimotor tasks that required
Real-Time Systems, 24, 153169, 2003 # 2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Manufactured in The Netherlands.
Liu, Xue
, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Abstract. Many real-time systems, such as manufacturing plants, have long life cycles. To enable the realization of technological innovations and to mitigate the risk and cost of bringing new control technologies into functioning systems, ¯exible and reliable real
Wedde, Horst F.
of unpredictable power need and supply situations. We model a representative scenario to explain variousDECENTRALIZED REAL-TIME MANAGEMENT OF LARGELY UNPREDICTABLE POWER NEEDS AND SUPPLY H. F. Wedde*, F technologies based on solar or wind power, or on renewable energy sources, is an adequate management
Framework of Real-Time Optical Nyquist-WDM Receiver using Matlab & Simulink
Crifasi, Adam Vincenzo
________________________________ Dr. Erik Perrins Date Defended: June 3, 2013 2 The Thesis Committee for Adam Crifasi certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Framework of Real-Time Optical Nyquist-WDM Receiver using Matlab... & Simulink ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Rongqing Hui Date approved: June 3, 2013 3 I investigate an optical Nyquist-WDM Bit Error Rate (BER) detection system. A transmitter...
Real-time Rendering of Complex Vector Data on 3d Terrain Models
Behnke, Sven
Real-time Rendering of Complex Vector Data on 3d Terrain Models M. Schneider, M. Guthe, and R of buildings, streets and runway (from left to right). Abstract. In this paper we present a hybrid technique model. The first part of this hybrid technique is a texture-based approach that is especially suited
Real-Time BRDF Editing in Complex Lighting Aner Ben-Artzi
O'Brien, James F.
geometry and lighting, and we render the BRDFs using their final placement within a scene using complexReal-Time BRDF Editing in Complex Lighting Aner Ben-Artzi Columbia University Ryan Overbeck, complex illumination. All-frequency effects (ranging from near-mirror reflections and hard shadows
Real-time Scheduling of periodic tasks in a monoprocessor system with rechargeable energy storage
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Real-time Scheduling of periodic tasks in a monoprocessor system with rechargeable energy storage-time computing system that is powered through a renewable energy storage device. In this context, two constraints for the properties of the energy source, capacity of the energy storage as well as energy consumption of the tasks
Developing a Real-Time Identify-and-Locate System for the Blind
Paris-Sud XI, Universit� de
Developing a Real-Time Identify-and-Locate System for the Blind Gemstone Team Vision 1 , Bobby Bobo Lighthouse for the Blind 3 University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies 4 University to the blind in the foreseeable future. But despite the rapid advances in computer hardware and vi- sion
Mauve: a Component-based Modeling Framework for Real-time Analysis of Robotic Applications
Mauve: a Component-based Modeling Framework for Real-time Analysis of Robotic Applications Charles paradigm for robotic software devel- opment [2], applied in many applications [3], [4], [5], [6]. Resulting validation of the robotic application, by directly analysing the architecture specification, and limiting
Compact real-time 2-D gradient-based analog VLSI motion sensor
Deutschmann, Rainer
the sensor might be favourably applied in industrial applications. Keywords: analog VLSI, motion sensor selectivity even for very low contrast input is demonstrated. As application it is shown how the pixel, smart vision sensor, parallel image processing, real-time computation, optical ow, machine vision, robot
Design of a Host Traffic Management system for Hard Real Time networks
Krishna Moorthy, Jayasankar
A Hard Real Time (HRT) system is one whose correct functioning is based on the concepts of timely and correct delivery. By timely delivery, we imply that if a message is dispatched by a sender application it should be delivered at a receiver...
Title of Thesis: HARDWARE SUPPORT FOR REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS
Jacob, Bruce
: Paul Kohout Degree and year: Master of Science, 2002 Thesis directed by: Professor Bruce L. Jacob bottlenecks. #12;HARDWARE SUPPORT FOR REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS by Paul James Kohout Thesis submitted Professor Gang Qu Professor David B. Stewart #12;©Copyright by Paul James Kohout 2002 #12;ii
PulsewidthModulationBased on Real-TimeSolution of Algebraic Harmonic EliminationEquations
Paderborn, Universität
. Grotstollen Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives,University of Paderbom, Warburger Str. 100 -Determinationof pulse patterns for the eliminationof some low-order harmonics of a PWM inverter necessitates-consumingwhen the equationsare to be solvedin real-time,even when a digitalsignal processor (DSP)is used [14]. A new systemof
Real-Time Wind Turbine Emulator Suitable for Power Quality and Dynamic Control Studies
Lehn, Peter W.
1 Real-Time Wind Turbine Emulator Suitable for Power Quality and Dynamic Control Studies Dale S. L. Dolan, Student Member, IEEE, P. W. Lehn, Member IEEE Abstract-- Wind turbines are increasingly becoming-time Wind Turbine Emulator, which emulates the dynamic torque produced by an actual turbine has been
Utility Driven Optimization of Real Time Data Broadcast Schedules Rinku Dewria,
Ray, Indrakshi
Utility Driven Optimization of Real Time Data Broadcast Schedules Rinku Dewria, , Indrakshi Rayb of portable computing devices thoroughly embedded in our day-to-day work and personal life. The de- vices addresses: email@example.com (Rinku Dewri), firstname.lastname@example.com (Indrakshi Ray), indrajit
EDF Option for Scheduling Real-Time Jobs in Energy Harvesting Systems
Boyer, Edmond
EDF Option for Scheduling Real-Time Jobs in Energy Harvesting Systems Maryline CHETTO IRCCy of devising algorithms for scheduling time critical jobs on a single processor computing system with no energy approach for scheduling independent jobs preemptively when there is no energy limitation and no processing
Real-Time Frame-Dependent Watermarking in MPEG-2 Video
Chen, Sheng-Wei
Real-Time Frame-Dependent Watermarking in MPEG-2 Video Chun-Shien Lu ?, Jan-Ru Chen y, and Kuo data. In particular, video watermarking deals with several issues that are unique to various types-time detection, bit-rate control, and resistance to watermark estimation attacks, will be addressed. Since video
Generating audio-responsive video images in real-time for a live symphony performance
Beane, Allison Brooke
instruments to cutting-edge video image productions for musical groups of all sizes. Throughout this evolution, a common goal has been to create real-time, audio-responsive visuals that accentuate the sound and enhance the performance. This paper explains...
Real-Time Detection of Packet Drop Attacks on Synchrophasor Data
Sikdar, Biplab
, NY, 12180 Abstract--The importance of phasor measurement unit (PMU) or synchrophasor data towardsReal-Time Detection of Packet Drop Attacks on Synchrophasor Data Seemita Pal, Biplab Sikdar and Joe attack, where the adversary arbitrarily drops packets with synchrophasor data. This paper develops a real
Modeling FullEnvelope Aerodynamics of Small UAVs in RealTime Prof. Michael Selig
Barthelat, Francois
D M E S S Modeling FullEnvelope Aerodynamics of Small UAVs in RealTime Prof. Michael Selig Applied Aerodynamics Group and Subsonic Aerodynamics Research Lab Department of Aerospace Engineering will focus on the development of a full six degreeoffreedom aerodynamics modeling environment for small UAVs
Narain, Amitabh
/analyzed the incident reflected waves to identify and measure the total transit time of the sound wave (of known wave-speed1 FLUORESCENCE AND FIBER-OPTICS BASED REAL-TIME THICKNESS SENSOR FOR DYNAMIC LIQUID FILMS T. W. Ng/disadvantages of many known liquid film thickness sensing devices (viz. conductivity probes, reflectance based fiber
Wedde, Horst F.
-critical systems (such as nuclear power plants, distributed cooperation of autonomous robots in Outer Space that are typi- cally unpredictable, a very high amount of adaptability of sys- tem functions is demanded. SafetyDISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME TASK MONITORING IN THE SAFETY-CRITICAL SYSTEM MELODY Horst F. Wedde, Jon A
On-chip real-time single-copy polymerase chain reaction in picoliter droplets
Beer, N R; Hindson, B; Wheeler, E; Hall, S B; Rose, K A; Kennedy, I; Colston, B
The first lab-on-chip system for picoliter droplet generation and PCR amplification with real-time fluorescence detection has performed PCR in isolated droplets at volumes 10{sup 6} smaller than commercial real-time PCR systems. The system utilized a shearing T-junction in a silicon device to generate a stream of monodisperse picoliter droplets that were isolated from the microfluidic channel walls and each other by the oil phase carrier. An off-chip valving system stopped the droplets on-chip, allowing them to be thermal cycled through the PCR protocol without droplet motion. With this system a 10-pL droplet, encapsulating less than one copy of viral genomic DNA through Poisson statistics, showed real-time PCR amplification curves with a cycle threshold of {approx}18, twenty cycles earlier than commercial instruments. This combination of the established real-time PCR assay with digital microfluidics is ideal for isolating single-copy nucleic acids in a complex environment.
Spectrum sensing improvement in cognitive radio networks for real-time patients monitoring
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Spectrum sensing improvement in cognitive radio networks for real-time patients monitoring Dramane-bands to perform their transmission any- time and anywhere. Cognitive radio, although appropriate technology. Key words: Cognitive radio networks, e-health, patients monitoring, connectivity, Grey Model, Machine
CSEM WP 136 Is Real-Time Pricing Green?: The Environmental
California at Berkeley. University of
CSEM WP 136 Is Real-Time Pricing Green?: The Environmental Impacts of Electricity Demand Variance Stephen P. Holland and Erin T. Mansur August 2004 This paper is part of the Center for the Study of Energy Markets (CSEM) Working Paper Series. CSEM is a program of the University of California Energy Institute
Optimal Residential Load Control with Price Prediction in Real-Time
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
for both end users and utility companies. Keywords: Wholesale electricity market, real-time pricing, inclin and automatic residential energy con- sumption scheduling framework which attempts to achieve a desired trade to be used by the price predictor filter. Simulation results show that the combination of the proposed energy
Real time MHD mode control using ECCD in KSTAR: Plan and requirements
Joung, M.; Woo, M. H.; Jeong, J. H.; Hahn, S. H.; Yun, S. W.; Lee, W. R.; Bae, Y. S.; Oh, Y. K.; Kwak, J. G.; Yang, H. L. [National Fusion Research Institute, 52 Eoeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon (Korea, Republic of); Namkung, W.; Park, H.; Cho, M. H. [Department of Physics, POSTECH, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongangbuk-do (Korea, Republic of); Kim, M. H.; Kim, K. J.; Na, Y. S. [Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul (Korea, Republic of); Hosea, J.; Ellis, R. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton (United States)
For a high-performance, advanced tokamak mode in KSTAR, we have been developing a real-time control system of MHD modes such as sawtooth and Neo-classical Tearing Mode (NTM) by ECH/ECCD. The active feedback control loop will be also added to the mirror position and the real-time detection of the mode position. In this year, for the stabilization of NTM that is crucial to plasma performance we have implemented open-loop ECH antenna control system in KSTAR Plasma Control System (PCS) for ECH mirror movement during a single plasma discharge. KSTAR 170 GHz ECH launcher which was designed and fabricated by collaboration with PPPL and POSTECH has a final mirror of a poloidally and toroidally steerable mirror. The poloidal steering motion is only controlled in the real-time NTM control system and its maximum steering speed is 10 degree/sec by DC motor. However, the latency of the mirror control system and the return period of ECH antenna mirror angle are not fast because the existing launcher mirror control system is based on PLC which is connected to the KSTAR machine network through serial to LAN converter. In this paper, we present the design of real time NTM control system, ECH requirements, and the upgrade plan.
Performance Tests of a 12-Channel Real-Time GPS L1 Software Receiver
Psiaki, Mark L.
Geospace Mission Definition Team. ABSTRACT A 12-channel real-time GPS software receiver has been tested code (MMX). This upgrade provides a 25% increases in processing speed. Another aspect that is discussed is the use of 1-bit RF front end data and the related speed- up. The software receiver is tested under static
Telecommunications Policy 28 (2004) 603618 Real-time secondary markets for spectrum
Peha, Jon M.
, licensing began so that a radio broadcaster or other spectrum-user could build infrastructure without fearTelecommunications Policy 28 (2004) 603618 Real-time secondary markets for spectrum Jon M. Peha*,1). These markets would fulfill a need not met by other common regulatory paradigms, such as traditional licensing
Optimal Real-time Pricing Algorithm Based on Utility Maximization for Smart Grid
Mohsenian-Rad, Hamed
tool to develop efficient demand side management strategies, we propose a novel real-time pricing the need to develop new methods for demand side management (DSM). There is a wide range of DSM techniques consumption occurs in buildings [2]. In addition, the arising of new types of demand such as plug-in hybrid
Real-time formalism for studying the nonlinear response of "smart" materials to an electric field
Freericks, Jim
Real-time formalism for studying the nonlinear response of "smart" materials to an electric field J developed for so-called "smart" materials that are tuned to lie close to the metal- insulator transition (RSFQ) ideas [3]. A "smart" material is a mate- rial that can have its properties altered by changing
DSS-mediated Inhibition of Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Kaur, Jaspreet
........................................................................................................3 2 Real-Time PCR Graph ...........................................................................................4 3 Fecal Sample Collection Timeline .........................................................................6 4 Purification... 280 ratio between 1.8-1.9 indicates highly purified DNA; whereas, a ratio less than 1.8 indicates protein contamination (2). Unfortunately, co-purification of acidified polysaccharides, such as DSS cannot be detected using a spectrophotometrically...
Real-time Bus Information on Mobile Devices Stuart D. Maclean, Daniel J. Dailey
on a variety of personal electronic devices. Within the wireless communications industry, the WAP Forum[2] has1 Real-time Bus Information on Mobile Devices Stuart D. Maclean, Daniel J. Dailey Abstract-- We restrictions of such devices, e.g., screen size and paucity of keyboard options, influences the user in
Advanced Kalman Filter for Real-Time Responsiveness in Complex Systems
Welch, Gregory Francis [UNC-Chapel Hill/University of Central Florida] [UNC-Chapel Hill/University of Central Florida; Zhang, Jinghe [UNC-Chapel Hill/Virginia Tech] [UNC-Chapel Hill/Virginia Tech
Complex engineering systems pose fundamental challenges in real-time operations and control because they are highly dynamic systems consisting of a large number of elements with severe nonlinearities and discontinuities. Today�s tools for real-time complex system operations are mostly based on steady state models, unable to capture the dynamic nature and too slow to prevent system failures. We developed advanced Kalman filtering techniques and the formulation of dynamic state estimation using Kalman filtering techniques to capture complex system dynamics in aiding real-time operations and control. In this work, we looked at complex system issues including severe nonlinearity of system equations, discontinuities caused by system controls and network switches, sparse measurements in space and time, and real-time requirements of power grid operations. We sought to bridge the disciplinary boundaries between Computer Science and Power Systems Engineering, by introducing methods that leverage both existing and new techniques. While our methods were developed in the context of electrical power systems, they should generalize to other large-scale scientific and engineering applications.
Real-Time Capable Methods to Determine the Magnet Temperature of Permanent Magnet
Paderborn, Universität
}@lea.upb.de Abstract--The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in highly utilised automotive-based magnet temperature determination methods in PMSM. In this context, the existing publications can field. Keywords--PMSM, permanent magnet temperature, model- based real-time determination, motor control
System-Wide Energy Minimization for Real-Time Tasks: Lower Bound and Approximation
Xu, Cheng-Zhong
- time solutions by exploiting its inherent properties. 1. INTRODUCTION Power management is importantSystem-Wide Energy Minimization for Real-Time Tasks: Lower Bound and Approximation Xiliang Zhong and Cheng-Zhong Xu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University, Detroit
System-Wide Energy Minimization for Real-Time Tasks: Lower Bound and
Xu, Cheng-Zhong
28 System-Wide Energy Minimization for Real-Time Tasks: Lower Bound and Approximation XILIANG ZHONG that minimizes system-wide energy consumption for both periodic and sporadic tasks. It is known that a system consists of processors and a number of other components. Energy-aware processors can be run in different
Real-time growth rate metrology for a tungsten chemical vapor deposition process by acoustic sensing
Rubloff, Gary W.
to a production-scale tungsten chemical vapor deposition cluster tool for in situ process sensing. Process gasesReal-time growth rate metrology for a tungsten chemical vapor deposition process by acoustic to achieve run-to-run process control of the deposited tungsten film thickness. � 2001 American Vacuum
Real Time Biomedical Data Streaming Platform (RIMES): a data-intensive virtual environment
Schulze, Jürgen P.
Real Time Biomedical Data Streaming Platform (RIMES): a data-intensive virtual environment firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract - In this paper we present Real tIme bioMEdical data Streaming platform (RIMES), a data of California, San Diego. RIMES extends scientists' desktops to biomedical grid computation resources and mass
Short communication Real-time estimation of lead-acid battery parameters: A dynamic
Ray, Asok
-charged and over-discharged; similarly, reliable SOH estimates enhance preventive maintenance and life cycle cost situations. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Lead-acid batteries provide low-costShort communication Real-time estimation of lead-acid battery parameters: A dynamic data
A Component-Based Approach for Constructing High-confidence Distributed Real-time and
Tuceryan, Mihran
the entire software life-cycle. 1 Introduction As the complexity of Distributed Real-Time Embedded (DRE development cost, but also facilitate high-confidence DRE system construction using different formalisms over implementations of the same functional component with different run-time features (e.g., battery consumption
A Component-Based Approach for Constructing High-Confidence Distributed Real-Time and
Gray, Jeffrey G.
the entire software life-cycle. 1 Introduction As the complexity of Distributed Real-Time Embedded (DRE development cost, but also facilitate high-confidence DRE system construction using different formalisms over with different run-time features (e.g., battery consumption versus throughput). Addition- ally, two components
Stanford University
REAL-TIME STRUCTURAL DAMAGE DETECTION USING WIRELESS SENSING AND MONITORING SYSTEM Kung-Chun Lu1 Professor, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA, firstname.lastname@example.com 5 Professor, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Stanford University
Exploiting Real-Time FPGA Based Adaptive Systems Technology for Real-Time Sensor Fusion in Next Generation Automotive Safety Systems
Chappell, Steve; Preston, Dan; Olmstead, Dave; Flint, Bob; Sullivan, Chris
We present a system for the boresighting of sensors using inertial measurement devices as the basis for developing a range of dynamic real-time sensor fusion applications. The proof of concept utilizes a COTS FPGA platform for sensor fusion and real-time correction of a misaligned video sensor. We exploit a custom-designed 32-bit soft processor core and C-based design & synthesis for rapid, platform-neutral development. Kalman filter and sensor fusion techniques established in advanced aviation systems are applied to automotive vehicles with results exceeding typical industry requirements for sensor alignment. Results of the static and the dynamic tests demonstrate that using inexpensive accelerometers mounted on (or during assembly of) a sensor and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) fixed to a vehicle can be used to compute the misalignment of the sensor to the IMU and thus vehicle. In some cases the model predications and test results exceeded the requirements by an order of magnitude with a 3-sigma or ...
Wetland Flow and Salinity Budgets and Elements of a Decision Support System toward Implementation of Real-Time Seasonal Wetland Salinity Management
Quinn, N.W.T.
real-�?time �water �quality �management. � � Environmental �real-�?time �water �quality �management. � � Environmental �Management �of �Water �Quality �in �the �San � Joaquin �River. � �California �Environmental �
Potentiometric Sensor for Real-Time Remote Surveillance of Actinides in Molten Salts
Natalie J. Gese; Jan-Fong Jue; Brenda E. Serrano; Guy L. Fredrickson
A potentiometric sensor is being developed at the Idaho National Laboratory for real-time remote surveillance of actinides during electrorefining of spent nuclear fuel. During electrorefining, fuel in metallic form is oxidized at the anode while refined uranium metal is reduced at the cathode in a high temperature electrochemical cell containing LiCl-KCl-UCl3 electrolyte. Actinides present in the fuel chemically react with UCl3 and form stable metal chlorides that accumulate in the electrolyte. This sensor will be used for process control and safeguarding of activities in the electrorefiner by monitoring the concentrations of actinides in the electrolyte. The work presented focuses on developing a solid-state cation conducting ceramic sensor for detecting varying concentrations of trivalent actinide metal cations in eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt. To understand the basic mechanisms for actinide sensor applications in molten salts, gadolinium was used as a surrogate for actinides. The �?-Al2O3 was selected as the solid-state electrolyte for sensor fabrication based on cationic conductivity and other factors. In the present work Gd3+-�?-Al2O3 was prepared by ion exchange reactions between trivalent Gd3+ from GdCl3 and K+-, Na+-, and Sr2+-�?-Al2O3 precursors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for characterization of Gd3+-�?-Al2O3 samples. Microfocus X-ray Diffraction (�-XRD) was used in conjunction with SEM energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to identify phase content and elemental composition. The Gd3+-�?-Al2O3 materials were tested for mechanical and chemical stability by exposing them to molten LiCl-KCl based salts. The effect of annealing on the exchanged material was studied to determine improvements in material integrity post ion exchange. The stability of the �?-Al2O3 phase after annealing was verified by �-XRD. Preliminary sensor tests with different assembly designs will also be presented.
George L. Scott III
Finalized Phase 2-3 project work has field-proven two separate real-time reservoir processes that were co-developed via funding by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). Both technologies are presently patented in the United States and select foreign markets; a downhole-commingled reservoir stimulation procedure and a real-time tracer-logged fracturing diagnostic system. Phase 2 and early Phase 3 project work included the research, development and well testing of a U.S. patented gamma tracer fracturing diagnostic system. This stimulation logging process was successfully field-demonstrated; real-time tracer measurement of fracture height while fracturing was accomplished and proven technically possible. However, after the initial well tests, there were several licensing issues that developed between service providers that restricted and minimized Realtimezone's (RTZ) ability to field-test the real-time gamma diagnostic system as was originally outlined for this project. Said restrictions were encountered after when one major provider agreed to license their gamma logging tools to another. Both of these companies previously promised contributory support toward Realtimezone's DE-FC26-99FT40129 project work, however, actual support was less than desired when newly-licensed wireline gamma logging tools from one company were converted by the other from electric wireline into slickline, batter-powered ''memory'' tools for post-stimulation logging purposes. Unfortunately, the converted post-fracture measurement memory tools have no applications in experimentally monitoring real-time movement of tracers in the reservoir concurrent with the fracturing treatment. RTZ subsequently worked with other tracer gamma-logging tool companies for basic gamma logging services, but with lessened results due to lack of multiple-isotope detection capability. In addition to real-time logging system development and well testing, final Phase 2 and Phase 3 project work included the development of a real-time reservoir stimulation procedure, which was successfully field-demonstrated and is presently patented in the U.S. and select foreign countries, including Venezuela, Brazil and Canada. Said patents are co-owned by RTZ and the National Energy Technology Lab (NETL). In 2002, Realtimezone and the NETL licensed said patents to Halliburton Energy Services (HES). Additional licensing agreements (LA) are anticipated with other service industry companies in 2005. Final Phase 3 work has led to commercial applications of the real-time reservoir stimulation procedure. Four successfully downhole-mixed well tests were conducted with commercially expected production results. The most recent, fourth field test was a downhole-mixed stimulated well completed in June, 2004, which currently produces 11 BOPD with 90 barrels of water per day. Conducted Phase 2 and Phase 3 field-test work to date has resulted in the fine-tuning of a real-time enhanced stimulation system that will significantly increase future petroleum well recoveries in the United States and foreign petroleum fields, both onshore and offshore, and in vertical and horizontal wells.
Demand Response-Enabled Model Predictive HVAC Load Control in Buildings using Real-Time Electricity Pricing.
Avci, Mesut
??A practical cost and energy efficient model predictive control (MPC) strategy is proposed for HVAC load control under dynamic real-time electricity pricing. The MPC strategy� (more)
A real-time respiration position based passive breath gating equipment for gated radiotherapy: A preclinical evaluation
Hu Weigang; Xu Anjie; Li Guichao; Zhang Zhen; Housley, Dave; Ye Jinsong [Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032 (China); Department of Radiation Oncology, Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington 98104 (United States)
Purpose: To develop a passive gating system incorporating with the real-time position management (RPM) system for the gated radiotherapy. Methods: Passive breath gating (PBG) equipment, which consists of a breath-hold valve, a controller mechanism, a mouthpiece kit, and a supporting frame, was designed. A commercial real-time positioning management system was implemented to synchronize the target motion and radiation delivery on a linear accelerator with the patient's breathing cycle. The respiratory related target motion was investigated by using the RPM system for correlating the external markers with the internal target motion while using PBG for passively blocking patient's breathing. Six patients were enrolled in the preclinical feasibility and efficiency study of the PBG system. Results: PBG equipment was designed and fabricated. The PBG can be manually triggered or released to block or unblock patient's breathing. A clinical workflow was outlined to integrate the PBG with the RPM system. After implementing the RPM based PBG system, the breath-hold period can be prolonged to 15-25 s and the treatment delivery efficiency for each field can be improved by 200%-400%. The results from the six patients showed that the diaphragm motion caused by respiration was reduced to less than 3 mm and the position of the diaphragm was reproducible for difference gating periods. Conclusions: A RPM based PBG system was developed and implemented. With the new gating system, the patient's breath-hold time can be extended and a significant improvement in the treatment delivery efficiency can also be achieved.
Deployment of High Resolution Real-Time Distribution Level Metering on Maui: Preprint
Bank, J.
In order to support the ongoing Maui Smart Grid demonstration project advanced metering has been deployed at the distribution transformer level in Maui Electric Company's Kihei Circuit on the Island of Maui. This equipment has been custom designed to provide accurately time-stamped Phasor and Power Quality data in real time. Additionally, irradiance sensors have been deployed at a few selected locations in proximity to photovoltaic (PV) installations. The received data is being used for validation of existing system models and for impact studies of future system hardware. Descriptions of the hardware and its installation, and some preliminary metering results are presented. Real-time circuit visualization applications for the data are also under development.
A Novel comprehensive method for real time Video Motion Detection Surveillance
Mishra, Sumita
This article describes a comprehensive system for surveillance and monitoring applications. The development of an efficient real time video motion detection system is motivated by their potential for deployment in the areas where security is the main concern. The paper presents a platform for real time video motion detection and subsequent generation of an alarm condition as set by the parameters of the control system. The prototype consists of a mobile platform mounted with RF camera which provides continuous feedback of the environment. The received visual information is then analyzed by user for appropriate control action, thus enabling the user to operate the system from a remote location. The system is also equipped with the ability to process the image of an object and generate control signals which are automatically transmitted to the mobile platform to track the object.
Automated high-throughput flow-through real-time diagnostic system
Regan, John Frederick
An automated real-time flow-through system capable of processing multiple samples in an asynchronous, simultaneous, and parallel fashion for nucleic acid extraction and purification, followed by assay assembly, genetic amplification, multiplex detection, analysis, and decontamination. The system is able to hold and access an unlimited number of fluorescent reagents that may be used to screen samples for the presence of specific sequences. The apparatus works by associating extracted and purified sample with a series of reagent plugs that have been formed in a flow channel and delivered to a flow-through real-time amplification detector that has a multiplicity of optical windows, to which the sample-reagent plugs are placed in an operative position. The diagnostic apparatus includes sample multi-position valves, a master sample multi-position valve, a master reagent multi-position valve, reagent multi-position valves, and an optical amplification/detection system.
Real time method and computer system for identifying radioactive materials from HPGe gamma-ray spectroscopy
Rowland, Mark S. (Alamo, CA); Howard, Douglas E. (Livermore, CA); Wong, James L. (Dublin, CA); Jessup, James L. (Tracy, CA); Bianchini, Greg M. (Livermore, CA); Miller, Wayne O. (Livermore, CA)
A real-time method and computer system for identifying radioactive materials which collects gamma count rates from a HPGe gamma-radiation detector to produce a high-resolution gamma-ray energy spectrum. A library of nuclear material definitions ("library definitions") is provided, with each uniquely associated with a nuclide or isotope material and each comprising at least one logic condition associated with a spectral parameter of a gamma-ray energy spectrum. The method determines whether the spectral parameters of said high-resolution gamma-ray energy spectrum satisfy all the logic conditions of any one of the library definitions, and subsequently uniquely identifies the material type as that nuclide or isotope material associated with the satisfied library definition. The method is iteratively repeated to update the spectrum and identification in real time.
Real Time Corrosion Monitoring in Lead and Lead-Bismuth Systems
James F. Stubbins; Alan Bolind; Ziang Chen
The objective of this research program is to develop a real-time, in situ corrosion monitoring technique for flowing liquid Pb and eutectic PbBi (LBE) systems in a temperature range of 400 to 650 C. These conditions are relevant to future liquid metal cooled fast reactor operating parameters. THis program was aligned with the Gen IV Reactor initiative to develp technologies to support the design and opertion of a Pb or LBE-cooled fast reactor. The ability to monitor corrosion for protection of structural components is a high priority issue for the safe and prolonged operation of advanced liquid metal fast reactor systems. In those systems, protective oxide layers are intentionally formed and maintained to limit corrosion rates during operation. This program developed a real time, in situ corrosion monitoring tecnique using impedance spectroscopy (IS) technology.
A Data Driven Framework for Real Time Power System Event Detection and Visualization
McCamish, Ben; Landford, Jordan; Bass, Robert; Cotilla-Sanchez, Eduardo; Chiu, David
Increased adoption and deployment of phasor measurement units (PMU) has provided valuable fine-grained data over the grid. Analysis over these data can provide real-time insight into the health of the grid, thereby improving control over operations. Realizing this data-driven control, however, requires validating, processing and storing massive amounts of PMU data. This paper describes a PMU data management system that supports input from multiple PMU data streams, features an event-detection algorithm, and provides an efficient method for retrieving archival data. The event-detection algorithm rapidly correlates multiple PMU data streams, providing details on events occurring within the power system in real-time. The event-detection algorithm feeds into a visualization component, allowing operators to recognize events as they occur. The indexing and data retrieval mechanism facilitates fast access to archived PMU data. Using this method, we achieved over 30x speedup for queries with high selectivity. With th...
Indirect rotor position sensing in real time for brushless permanent magnet motor drives
Ertugrul, N. [Univ. of Adelaide (Australia). Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering] [Univ. of Adelaide (Australia). Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Acarnley, P.P. [Univ. of Newcastle upon Tyne (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering] [Univ. of Newcastle upon Tyne (United Kingdom). Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
This paper describes a modern solution to real-time rotor position estimation of brushless permanent magnet (PM) motor drives. The position estimation scheme, based on flux linkage and line-current estimation, is implemented in real time by using the abc reference frame, and it is tested dynamically. The position estimation model of the test motor, development of hardware, and basic operation of the digital signal processor (DSP) are discussed. The overall position estimation strategy is accomplished with a fast DSP (TMS320C30). The method is a shaft position sensorless method that is applicable to a wide range of excitation types in brushless PM motors without any restriction on the motor model and the current excitation. Both rectangular and sinewave-excited brushless PM motor drives are examined, and the results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method with dynamic loads in closed estimated position loop.
Mahanaxar: quality of service guarantees in high-bandwidth, real-time streaming data storage
Bigelow, David [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Bent, John [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Chen, Hsing - Bung [Los Alamos National Laboratory; Brandt, Scott [UCSC
Large radio telescopes, cyber-security systems monitoring real-time network traffic, and others have specialized data storage needs: guaranteed capture of an ultra-high-bandwidth data stream, retention of the data long enough to determine what is 'interesting,' retention of interesting data indefinitely, and concurrent read/write access to determine what data is interesting, without interrupting the ongoing capture of incoming data. Mahanaxar addresses this problem. Mahanaxar guarantees streaming real-time data capture at (nearly) the full rate of the raw device, allows concurrent read and write access to the device on a best-effort basis without interrupting the data capture, and retains data as long as possible given the available storage. It has built in mechanisms for reliability and indexing, can scale to meet arbitrary bandwidth requirements, and handles both small and large data elements equally well. Results from our prototype implementation shows that Mahanaxar provides both better guarantees and better performance than traditional file systems.
Comparative Studies of Clustering Techniques for Real-Time Dynamic Model Reduction
Hogan, Emilie; Halappanavar, Mahantesh; Huang, Zhenyu; Lin, Guang; Lu, Shuai; Wang, Shaobu
Dynamic model reduction in power systems is necessary for improving computational efficiency. Traditional model reduction using linearized models or offline analysis would not be adequate to capture power system dynamic behaviors, especially the new mix of intermittent generation and intelligent consumption makes the power system more dynamic and non-linear. Real-time dynamic model reduction emerges as an important need. This paper explores the use of clustering techniques to analyze real-time phasor measurements to determine generator groups and representative generators for dynamic model reduction. Two clustering techniques -- graph clustering and evolutionary clustering -- are studied in this paper. Various implementations of these techniques are compared and also compared with a previously developed Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based dynamic model reduction approach. Various methods exhibit different levels of accuracy when comparing the reduced model simulation against the original model. But some ...
New frac analysis uses real-time information to lower costs, raise
Aud, W.W.; Middlebrook, M.L. [Integrated petroleum Technologies Inc., Denver, CO (United States)
Evolving hydraulic fracturing technology during the past 10 years has led to reduced costs, improved production and increased cash flow. This report describes several critical aspects in hydraulic fracturing including mechanisms, approaches in treatment quality control procedures and stress profile development, and finally, it is shown how the mechanisms or processes can be addressed and improved through advanced, real-time hydraulic fracture treatment evaluation and execution.
Digital Holography for in Situ Real-Time Measurement of Plasma-Facing-Component Erosion
ThomasJr., C. E. [Third Dimension Technologies, LLC, Knoxville, TN; Granstedt, E. M. [Tri-Alpha Energy] [Tri-Alpha Energy; Biewer, Theodore M [ORNL] [ORNL; Baylor, Larry R [ORNL] [ORNL; Combs, Stephen Kirk [ORNL] [ORNL; Meitner, Steven J [ORNL] [ORNL; Hillis, Donald Lee [ORNL] [ORNL; Majeski, R. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL)] [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL); Kaita, R. [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL)] [Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL)
In situ, real time measurement of net plasma-facing-component (PFC) erosion/deposition in a real plasma device is challenging due to the need for good spatial and temporal resolution, sufficient sensitivity, and immunity to fringe-jump errors. Design of a high-sensitivity, potentially high-speed, dual-wavelength CO2 laser digital holography system (nominally immune to fringe jumps) for PFC erosion measurement is discussed.
Want to Put an End to Capacity Markets? Think Real-Time Pricing
Reeder, Mark
The amount of generation capacity that must be installed to meet resource adequacy requirements often causes the energy market to be suppressed to the point that it fails to produce sufficient revenues to attract new entry. A significant expansion in the use of real-time pricing can, over time, cause the energy market to become a more bountiful source of revenues for generators, allowing the elimination of the capacity market. (author)
Real-time determination of free energy and losses in optical absorbing media
C. Broadbent; G. Hovhannisyan; J. Peatross; M. Clayton; S. Glasgow
We introduce notions of free energy and loss in linear, absorbing dielectric media which are relevant to the regime in which the macroscopic Maxwell equations are themselves relevant. As such we solve a problem eluded to by Landau and Lifshitz in 1958, and later considered explicitly by Barash and Ginzburg, and Oughtsun and Sherman. As such we provide physically-relevant real-time notions of "energy" and "loss" in all analogous linear dissipative systems.
Potentiometric Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Multivalent Ion Concentrations in Molten Salt
Peter A. Zink; Jan-Fong Jue; Brenda E. Serrano; Guy L. Fredrickson; Ben F. Cowan; Steven D. Herrmann; Shelly X. Li
Electrorefining of spent metallic nuclear fuel in high temperature molten salt systems is a core technology in pyroprocessing, which in turn plays a critical role in the development of advanced fuel cycle technologies. In electrorefining, spent nuclear fuel is treated electrochemically in order to effect separations between uranium, noble metals, and active metals, which include the transuranics. The accumulation of active metals in a lithium chloride-potassium chloride (LiCl-KCl) eutectic molten salt electrolyte occurs at the expense of the UCl3-oxidant concentration in the electrolyte, which must be periodically replenished. Our interests lie with the accumulation of active metals in the molten salt electrolyte. The real-time monitoring of actinide concentrations in the molten salt electrolyte is highly desirable for controlling electrochemical operations and assuring materials control and accountancy. However, real-time monitoring is not possible with current methods for sampling and chemical analysis. A new solid-state electrochemical sensor is being developed for real-time monitoring of actinide ion concentrations in a molten salt electrorefiner. The ultimate function of the sensor is to monitor plutonium concentrations during electrorefining operations, but in this work gadolinium was employed as a surrogate material for plutonium. In a parametric study, polycrystalline sodium beta double-prime alumina (Na-�?-alumina) discs and tubes were subject to vapor-phase exchange with gadolinium ions (Gd3+) using a gadolinium chloride salt (GdCl3) as a precursor to produce gadolinium beta double-prime alumina (Gd-�?-alumina) samples. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and microstructural analysis were performed on the ion-exchanged discs to determine the relationship between ion exchange and Gd3+ ion conductivity. The ion-exchanged tubes were configured as potentiometric sensors in order to monitor real-time Gd3+ ion concentrations in mixtures of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) in LiCl-KCl eutectic molten salts through measurement of the potential difference between a reference and working electrode.
First real time detection of Be7 solar neutrinos by Borexino
Borexino Collaboration
This paper reports a direct measurement of the Be7 solar neutrino signal rate performed with the Borexino low background liquid scintillator detector. This is the first real-time spectral measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos. The result for 0.862 MeV Be7 is 47 +- 7 (stat} +- 12 (sys} counts/(day x 100 ton), consistent with predictions of Standard Solar Models and neutrino oscillations with LMA-MSW parameters.
Real-Time Pricing- A Flexible Alternative for Electrical Power Supply
Reynolds, S. D.; Frye, A. O. Jr.
REAL-TIME PRICING - A FLEXIBLE ALTERNATIVE ..OR ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY S. D. REYNOLDS Manager of Industrial Marketing & Services Tennessee Valley Authority Chattanooga, Tennessee ABSTRACT In an increasingly competitive operating... environment, utilities must place greater emphasis on developing programs that benefit the customer while at the same time benefiting the utility. Economy Surplus Power (ESP) is such a program. ESP offers industrial customers attractively priced power...
Real time monitoring of superparamagnetic nanoparticle self-assembly on surfaces of magnetic recording media
Ye, L.; Pearson, T.; Crawford, T. M., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, 712 Main Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208 (United States); Qi, B.; Cordeau, Y.; Mefford, O. T. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, 161 Sirrine Hall, Clemson, South Carolina 29634 (United States); Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), 91 Technology Dr., Anderson, South Carolina 29625 (United States)
Nanoparticle self-assembly dynamics are monitored in real-time by detecting optical diffraction from an all-nanoparticle grating as it self-assembles on a grating pattern recorded on a magnetic medium. The diffraction efficiency strongly depends on concentration, pH, and colloidal stability of nanoparticle suspensions, demonstrating the nanoparticle self-assembly process is highly tunable. This metrology could provide an alternative for detecting nanoparticle properties such as colloidal stability.
Method and apparatus for real time imaging and monitoring of radiotherapy beams
Majewski, Stanislaw (Yorktown, VA); Proffitt, James (Newport News, VA); Macey, Daniel J. (Birmingham, AL); Weisenberger, Andrew G. (Yorktown, VA)
A method and apparatus for real time imaging and monitoring of radiation therapy beams is designed to preferentially distinguish and image low energy radiation from high energy secondary radiation emitted from a target as the result of therapeutic beam deposition. A detector having low sensitivity to high energy photons combined with a collimator designed to dynamically image in the region of the therapeutic beam target is used.
ProtEx: a toolkit for the analysis of distributed real-time systems
Meylan, Yves Damien Meylan
an outlook of the cunent and future work. PREVIOUS AND RELATED WORK A real-time application must meet precise timing requirements. Deadlines must be enforced in order to have a system consisting of schedulable tasks, A schedulability analyzer is typically... times of all the tasks defined in the system. After the calculation of the worst-case response time or delay, the computed value is compared with the task's timing requirements, i. e. deadline. This step is necessary in order to determine...
Non-preemptive scheduling of periodic and aperiodic tasks in the hard real-time systems
Oh, Hoon
S. 38 40 11 Enumeration tree search . 42 12 Optimizing two requests in the LOQS globally. 13 Identifying dynamic dominant requests. 14 Dispatching requests in ZOgS. 50 51 15 Extraction algorithm. 53 16 Extraction algorithm by heuristic... in hard real ? time environment, the measure- ment criteria for a good algorithm can be a success ratio and a decision time required for dispatching. The success ratio, when a certain algorithm is used, is the ratio of number of tash sets which...
A study of selected criteria for real time control of intersections
Romano, Elio Joseph
criteria, used in the real time computer control of traffic, form the ob)ectives of this thesis. Traffic operations data were obtained from research work carried out on the Dallas Corridor Pro)act and the Houston Surveillance Project where computer... traffic control systems were in operation. Operational criteria, which includee tha prediction and use of vehicle arrivals, progression from intersection to intersection and tha effects of various move- ments wi'thin the intersection, were analyzed...
Towards a Scalable and Reliable Real Time In-Network Data Analysis Infrastructure
Ciraci, Selim; Yin, Jian
The smart grid applications requires real time analysis, response within the order of milliseconds and high-reliability because of the mission critical structure of the power grid system. The only way to satisfy these requirements is in network data analysis and build-in redundancy routing for failures. To achieve this, we propose a data dissemination system that builds routes using network flow algorithms, have in network processing of the data and utilize data encoding to cope with high latencies.
Commissioning, Operation, Real Time Monitoring and Evaluation of Pilot: Achieving Optimal Performance through Building Commissioning
Pang,X.; Piette, M.A.; Hao,B.
BUILDINGS ENERGY EFFICIENCY CONSORTIUM U.S. - CHINA CLEAN ENERGY RESEARCH CENTER (CERC-BEE) E3: Commissioning, Operation, Real Time Monitoring and Evaluation of Pilot Achieving Optimal Performance through Building Commissioning Xiufeng Pang... for the Sustainable performance of Buildings � Xiufeng Pang, Ph.D, P.E. 5 Cx Workshop � Topic Covered � Introduction of building Cx in the U.S., the standards and guidelines � Building enclosure Cx � New building Cx and LEED Cx requirements � Existing building Cx...
A game theoretical analysis of the design options of the real-time electricity market Haikel Khalfallah a
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
1 A game theoretical analysis of the design options of the real-time electricity market Haikel January 2013 Abstract In this paper we study the economic consequences of two real-time electricity market increase forward contracts while raising electricity prices. Moreover, possible use of market power would
Procedure for calibration of a portable, real-time beryllium aerosol monitor based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Killough, David Thomas
Spectroscopy (LIPS), is an analytical method whereby atmospheric components and contaminants may be analyzed in real-time or near real-time directly in the workplace. A transportable beryllium air monitor system based on LIBS has been developed at the Los...
1822 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, VOL. 3, NO. 4, DECEMBER 2012 Real-Time Price-Based Demand Response
Fu, Yong
, real-time price-based demand response management, residential appli- ances, robust optimization1822 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID, VOL. 3, NO. 4, DECEMBER 2012 Real-Time Price-Based Demand Response Management for Residential Appliances via Stochastic Optimization and Robust Optimization Zhi Chen
Black-box System Testing of Real-Time Embedded Systems Using Random and Search-based Testing
Boyer, Edmond
of nuclear reactors and flying systems). Testing RTES is particularly chal- lenging since they operateBlack-box System Testing of Real-Time Embedded Systems Using Random and Search-based Testing Andrea. Testing real-time embedded systems (RTES) is in many ways chal- lenging. Thousands of test cases can
Adaptive Failover for Real-time Middleware with Passive Replication Jaiganesh Balasubramanian, Sumant Tambe, Chenyang Lu, Aniruddha Gokhale,
Lu, Chenyang
Adaptive Failover for Real-time Middleware with Passive Replication Jaiganesh Balasubramanian for client appli- cations. Although passive replication is a promising fault tolerance strategy for resource four contributions to the study of passive replication for distributed soft real-time applica- tions
A LPV approach to control and real-time scheduling codesign: application to a robot-arm control
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
A LPV approach to control and real-time scheduling codesign: application to a robot-arm control computational constraints. A robust control approach to control/real-time scheduling co-design is proposed using scheduler is designed to adapt the control tasks periods according to the plant behavior
Thetis: A real-time Multi-Vehicles Hybrid Simulator for Heterogeneous Olivier Parodi, Lionel Lapierre, Bruno Jouvencel
Boyer, Edmond
Thetis: A real-time Multi-Vehicles Hybrid Simulator for Heterogeneous Vehicles Olivier Parodi is to present Thetis: a real-time multi-vehicles hybrid simulator for heterogeneous vehicles. This simulator, the vehicles, sensors and communication simulators and, of course, the actual embedded controller which
The Value of PORTS to the Nation How Real-time Observations Improve Safety and Economic Efficiency of Maritime Commerce
The Value of PORTS® to the Nation How Real-time Observations Improve Safety and Economic Efficiency. Credit: Steve O'Malley, Ocean Tech Services, LLC #12;Our lives depend on maritime commerce http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/ports in accidents on the nation's waterways and major seaports. Real-time observations from PORTS®, or the Physical
Weatherization Partnerships Project, Grant No. DE FG 0299EE27594, October 1, 1999 - December 31, 2000. Final Technical Report and FY 1999 version of 'Lessons learned the long way: Integrating utility, energy efficiency tasks with weatherization'
Power, Meg
Includes reports on (1) the results of focus groups on managing utility residential efficiency [attitudes?] for low-income housing, and (2) low-income household energy consumption and expenditures patterns and weatherization opportunities 1987-1997, intensive analysis of R.E.C.S. data.
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear Security Administration the1 -the Mid-Infrared atEffectquestionnairesU.S. EnergyEnergy53 2.370Weatherization
Optimal Vehicle Routing with Real-Time Traffic Information Seongmoon Kim1
Lewis, Mark E.
to accidents, bad weather, traffic con- gestion, etc., trucks hauling time-sensitive freight build "buffer time cost. Indeed a truck parked at the origin is less expensive than one that is in use. Moreover
A real-time applicator position monitoring system for gynecologic intracavitary brachytherapy
Xia, Junyi, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Waldron, Timothy; Kim, Yusung [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (United States)] [Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 (United States)
Purpose: To develop a real-time applicator position monitoring system (RAPS) for intracavitary brachytherapy using an infrared camera and reflective markers. Methods: 3D image-guided brachytherapy requires high accuracy of applicator localization; however, applicator displacement can happen during patient transfer for imaging and treatment delivery. No continuous applicator position monitoring system is currently available. The RAPS system was developed for real-time applicator position monitoring without additional radiation dose to patients. It includes an infrared camera, reflective markers, an infrared illuminator, and image processing software. After reflective markers are firmly attached to the applicator and the patient body, applicator displacement can be measured by computing the relative change in distance between the markers. The reflective markers are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible, which is suitable for MRI-guided HDR brachytherapy paradigm. In our prototype, a Microsoft Kinect sensor with a resolution of 640 by 480 pixels is used as an infrared camera. A phantom study was carried out to compare RAPS' measurements with known displacements ranging from ?15 to +15 mm. A reproducibility test was also conducted. Results: The RAPS can achieve 4 frames/s using a laptop with Intel{sup �} Core�2 Duo processor. When the pixel size is 0.95 mm, the difference between RAPS' measurements and known shift values varied from 0 to 0.8 mm with the mean value of 0.1 mm and a standard deviation of 0.44 mm. The system reproducibility was within 0.6 mm after ten reposition trials. Conclusions: This work demonstrates the feasibility of a real-time infrared camera based gynecologic intracavitary brachytherapy applicator monitoring system. Less than 1 mm accuracy is achieved when using an off-the-shelf infrared camera.
Development plan for an advanced drilling system with real-time diagnostics (Diagnostics-While-Drilling)
This proposal provides the rationale for an advanced system called Diagnostics-while-drilling (DWD) and describes its benefits, preliminary configuration, and essential characteristics. The central concept is a closed data circuit in which downhole sensors collect information and send it to the surface via a high-speed data link, where it is combined with surface measurements and processed through drilling advisory software. The driller then uses this information to adjust the drilling process, sending control signals back downhole with real-time knowledge of their effects on performance. The report presents background of related previous work, and defines a Program Plan for US Department of Energy (DOE), university, and industry cooperation.
UTSA's SmartLiving Campus: A Real Time Approach to America's Future
Gomez, J.
UTSA SmartLiving CampusA Real-Time Approach to America�s Future ESL-KT-13-12-22 CATEE 2013: Clean Air Through Energy Efficiency Conference, San Antonio, Texas Dec. 16-18 Energy efficiency and conservation are two cost-effective, yet often...-12-22 CATEE 2013: Clean Air Through Energy Efficiency Conference, San Antonio, Texas Dec. 16-18 SOURCE: 2003 CBECS Nationwide: 98% of Bldgs <100K SF Commercial Buildings ESL-KT-13-12-22 CATEE 2013: Clean Air Through Energy Efficiency Conference, San Antonio...