text:
A microreplicated achromatic lens is disclosed. The article includes a web including first and second opposed surfaces. The first surface includes a first microreplicated structure having a plurality of first features. The second surface includes a second microreplicated structure having a plurality of second features. Opposing first and second features are registered to within 10 micrometers. Corresponding opposed first and second features cooperate to form an achromatic microlens element.
1. A microreplicated achromatic lens comprising:
a flexible substrate having first and second opposed surfaces;
a first coated microreplicated pattern on the first surface, wherein the first coated pattern comprises a cured first liquid; and
a second coated microreplicated pattern on the second surface, wherein the second coated pattern comprises a cured second liquid,
wherein the first and second patterns are registered to within 10 micrometers and form an achromatic lens, and wherein the first and second cured liquids have different dispersions.
2. The achromatic lens of
3. The achromatic lens of
4. The achromatic lens of
5. The achromatic lens of
6. The achromatic lens of
7. The achromatic lens of
8. The achromatic lens of
9. The achromatic lens of
10. The achromatic lens of
11. The achromatic lens of
12. The achromatic lens of
13. The achromatic lens of
14. The achromatic lens of
15. A method of making an article including a plurality of microreplicated achromatic lens features, the method comprising:
providing a substrate, in web form, having first and second opposed surfaces; and
passing the substrate through a roll to roll casting apparatus to form a plurality of achromatic lens features, wherein the achromatic lens features comprise a first microreplicated positive lens on the first surface formed from a first cured liquid and a second microreplicated negative lens on the second surface formed from a second cured liquid, wherein the first and second cured liquids have different dispersions, and wherein the first and second microreplicated lenses are registered to within about 10 micrometers.
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. The method of
19. The method of
This is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/657,859 now U.S. Pat No. 7,165,959, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/658,730 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,224,529, both filed Sep. 9, 2003, and incorporated by reference herein.
The disclosure relates generally to the continuous casting of material onto a web, and more specifically to the casting of achromatic lenses having a high degree of registration between the patterns cast on opposite sides of the web.
In the fabrication of many articles, from the printing of newspapers to the fabrication of sophisticated electronic and optical devices, it is necessary to apply some material that is at least temporarily in liquid form to opposite sides of a substrate. It is often the case that the material applied to the substrate is applied in a predetermined pattern; in the case of e.g. printing, ink is applied in the pattern of letters and pictures. It is common in such cases for there to be at least a minimum requirement for registration between the patterns on opposite sides of the substrate.
When the substrate is a discrete article such as a circuit board, the applicators of a pattern may usually rely on an edge to assist in achieving registration. But when the substrate is a web and it is not possible to rely on an edge of the substrate to periodically refer to in maintaining registration, the problem becomes a bit more difficult. Still, even in the case of webs, when the requirement for registration is not severe, e.g. a drift out of perfect registration of greater than 100 micrometers is tolerable, mechanical expedients are known for controlling the material application to that extent. The printing art is replete with devices capable of meeting such a standard.
However, in some products having patterns on opposite sides of a substrate, a much more accurate registration between the patterns is required. In such a case, if the web is not in continuous motion, apparatuses are known that can apply material to such a standard. And if the web is in continuous motion, if it is tolerable, as in e.g. some types of flexible circuitry, to reset the patterning rolls to within 100 micrometers, or even 5 micrometers, of perfect registration once per revolution of the patterning rolls, the art still gives guidelines about how to proceed.
However, in e.g. optical articles such as brightness enhancement films, it is required for the patterns in the optically transparent polymer applied to opposite sides of a substrate to be out of registration by no more than a very small tolerance at any point in the tool rotation. Thus far, the art is silent about how to cast a patterned surface on opposite sides of a web that is in continuous motion so that the patterns are kept continuously, rather than intermittently, in registration within 100 micrometers.
One aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a microreplicated achromatic lens element. The microreplicated achromatic lens element includes a flexible substrate having first and second opposed surfaces. A first coated microreplicated pattern is disposed on the first surface and a second coated microreplicated pattern is disposed on the second surface. The first and second patterns are registered to within 10 micrometers and form an achromatic lens. In some embodiments, a plurality of achromatic lenses are formed on the substrate and have a period in a range of 10 to 1000 micrometers and a height in a range of 5 to 800 micrometers and lens patterns are registered within 5 micrometers, or 3 micrometers or 1 micrometer.
Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a method of making a microreplicated achromatic lens element. The method includes providing a substrate, in web form, having first and second opposed surfaces, and passing the substrate through a roll to roll casting apparatus to form a plurality of achromatic lens features. The achromatic lens features include a first microreplicated positive lens on the first surface and a second microreplicated negative lens on the second surface. The first and second microreplicated lenses are registered to within about 10 micrometers.
In the context of this disclosure, "registration," means the positioning of structures on one surface of the web in a defined relationship to other structures on the opposite side of the same web.
In the context of this disclosure, "web" means a sheet of material having a fixed dimension in one direction and either a predetermined or indeterminate length in the orthogonal direction.
In the context of this disclosure, "continuous registration," means that at all times during rotation of first and second patterned rolls the degree of registration between structures on the rolls is better than a specified limit.
In the context of this disclosure, "microreplicated" or "microreplication" means the production of a microstructured surface through a process where the structured surface features retain an individual feature fidelity during manufacture, from product-to-product, that varies no more than about 100 micrometers.
In the context of this disclosure, "achromatic" or "achromat," lens means a lens that is corrected to bring two specified or distinct wavelengths to a common focal point.
In the several figures of the attached drawing, like parts bear like reference numerals, and:
Generally, the disclosure of the present disclosure is directed to a flexible substrate coated with microreplicated patterned structures on each side. The microreplicated articles are registered with respect to one another to a high degree of precision. Preferably, the structures on opposing sides cooperate to give the article achromatic optical qualities.
Referring to
Second microreplicated structure 35 includes a plurality non-planar features 36, which can be spherical, aspherical, cylindrical, or acylindrical, as desired. In the illustrated embodiment spherical or cylindrical lenses 36 are shown with a pitch or period P substantially matching or matching the pitch or period P of the aspherical or acylindrical lenses 26. In the illustrated embodiment, first and second microreplicated structures 25 and 35 have the same pitch or period of repetition P. The microreplicated achromatic article 14 has a height of T, which can be any useful height. In some embodiments, the height T is less than 1 millimeter, or 5 to 800 micrometers, or 5 to 50 micrometers, or 200 to 500 micrometers, or 100 to 200 micrometers, as desired.
In the example embodiment shown, opposed microreplicated features 26 and 36 cooperate to form a plurality of achromatic lens elements 40. Since the performance of each achromatic lens element 40 is a function of the registration or alignment of the opposed features 26 and 36 forming each achromatic lens, precision alignment or registration of the lens features is useful. In some embodiments, the opposed features 26 and 36 are aligned or in registration to within 5%, or within 2%, or within 1% of the pitch or period P of each achromatic lens element 40. In illustrative embodiments, the opposed features 26 and 36 are aligned or in registration to within 10 micrometers, or within 5 micrometers, or within 3 micrometers, or within 1 micrometer of the each achromatic lens element 40.
The article 14 described above can be made using an apparatus and method for producing precisely aligned microreplicated structures on opposed surfaces of the web, the apparatus and methods which are described in detail below. In one embodiment the web or substrate 20 includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), about 25 to 100 micrometers thick. Other web materials can be used, for example, polycarbonate.
In illustrative embodiments, the plurality of aspherical or acylindrical positive lens features 26 can made on a first patterned roll by casting and curing a first curable liquid onto the first side 22 of the web 20. The first curable liquid can include a photocurable low dispersion material such as, for example a polyacrylate resin solution. The plurality of spherical or cylindrical negative lens features 36 can be made on a second patterned roll by casting and curing a second curable liquid onto the second side 24 of the web 20. The second curable liquid can include a photocurable high dispersion material such as, for example a polycarbonate or polystyrene resin solution. The aspherical or acylindrical positive lens feature 26 shape and material selection and the spherical or cylindrical negative lens feature 36 shape and material selection are determined by one skilled in the art to provide an achromatic lens element 40.
After each respective structure is cast into a pattern, each respective pattern can be cured using a curing light source such as, for example, an ultraviolet light source. A peel roll can then used to remove the microreplicated article from the second patterned roll. Optionally, a release agent or coating can be used to assist removal of the patterned structures from the patterned tools.
Exemplary process settings used to create articles described above are as follows. A web speed of about 1.0 feet per minute with a web tension into and out of casting apparatus of about 2.0 pounds force. A peel roll draw ratio of about 5% to pull the web off the second patterned tool. A nip pressure of about 4.0 pounds force. A gap between the first and second patterned rolls of about 0.010 inches. Resin can be disposed on the first surface of the web using a dropper coating apparatus and resin can be disposed on the second surface at a rate of about 1.35 ml/min, using a syringe pump.
Curing the first microreplicated structure can be accomplished with any useful curing apparatus such as, for example, an Oriel 200-500 W Mercury Arc Lamp at maximum power and a Fostec DCR II at maximum power, with all the components mounted sequentially. Curing the second microreplicated structure can also be accomplished with a Spectral Energy UV Light Source, a Fostec DCR II at maximum power, and an RSLI Inc. Light Pump 150 MHS, with all the components mounted sequentially.
Generally, the disclosure of the present disclosure can be made by a system and method, disclosed hereinafter, for producing two-sided microreplicated structures with side-to-side registration of better than about 100 micrometers, or better than 50 micrometers, or less than 25 micrometers, or less than 10 micrometers, or less than 5 micrometers, or less than 1 micrometer. The system generally includes a first patterning assembly and a second patterning assembly. Each respective assembly creates a microreplicated pattern on a respective surface of a web having a first and a second surface. A first pattern is created on the first side of the web and a second pattern is created on the second surface of the web.
Each patterning assembly includes means for applying a coating, a patterning member, and a curing member. Typically, patterning assemblies include patterned rolls and a support structure for holding and driving each roll. Coating means of the first patterning assembly dispenses a first curable coating material on a first surface of the web. Coating means of the second patterning assembly dispenses a second curable coating material on a second surface of the web, wherein the second surface is opposite the first surface.
After the first coating material is placed on the web, the web passes over a first patterned member, wherein a pattern is created in the first coating material. The first coating material is then cured or cooled to form the first pattern. Subsequently, after the second coating material is placed on the web, the web passes over a second patterned member, wherein a pattern is created in the second coating material. The second coating material is then cured to form the second pattern. Typically, each patterned member is a microreplicated tool and each tool typically has a dedicated curing member for curing the material. However, it is possible to have a single curing member that cures both first and second patterned materials. Also, it is possible to place the coatings on the patterned tools.
The system also includes means for rotating the first and second patterned rolls such that their patterns are transferred to opposite sides of the web while it is in continuous motion, and said patterns are maintained in continuous registration on said opposite sides of the web to better than about 100 micrometers.
An advantage of the present disclosure is that a web having a microreplicated structure on each opposing surface of the web can be manufactured by having the microreplicated structure on each side of the web continuously formed while keeping the microreplicated structures on the opposing sides registered generally to within 100 micrometer (or better as described above.)
Referring now to
Accurate tension control of the web 122 is beneficial in achieving optimal results, so the web 122 may be directed over a tension-sensing device (not shown). In situations where it is desirable to use a liner web to protect the web 122, the liner web is typically separated at the unwind spool and directed onto a liner web wind-up spool (not shown). The web 122 can be directed via an idler roll to a dancer roller for precision tension control. Idler rollers can direct the web 122 to a position between nip roller 154 and first coating head 156.
A variety of coating methods may be employed. In the illustrated embodiment, first coating head 156 is a die coating head. The web 122 then passes between the nip roll 154 and first patterned roll 160. The first patterned roll 160 has a patterned surface 162, and when the web 122 passes between the nip roller 154 and the first patterned roll 160 the material dispensed onto the web 122 by the first coating head 156 is shaped into a negative of patterned surface 162.
While the web 122 is in contact with the first patterned roll 160, material is dispensed from second coating head 164 onto the other surface of web 122. In parallel with the discussion above with respect to the first coating head 156, the second coating head 164 is also a die coating arrangement including a second extruder (not shown) and a second coating die (not shown). In some embodiments, the material dispensed by the first coating head 156 is a composition including a polymer precursor and intended to be cured to solid polymer with the application of curing energy such as, for example, ultraviolet radiation.
Material that has been dispensed onto web 122 by the second coating head 164 is then brought into contact with second patterned roll 174 with a second patterned surface 176. In parallel with the discussion above, in some embodiments, the material dispensed by the second coating head 164 is a composition including a polymer precursor and intended to be cured to solid polymer with the application of curing energy such as, for example, ultraviolet radiation.
At this point, the web 122 has had a pattern applied to both sides. A peel roll 182 may be present to assist in removal of the web 122 from second patterned roll 174. In some instances, the web tension into and out of the roll to roll casting apparatus is nearly constant.
The web 122 having a two-sided microreplicated pattern is then directed to a wind-up spool (not shown) via various idler rolls. If an interleave film is desired to protect web 122, it may be provided from a secondary unwind spool (not shown) and the web and interleave film are wound together on the wind-up spool at an appropriate tension.
Referring to
Referring to
A second curable liquid layer 481 is coated on the opposite side of the web 422 using a second side extrusion die 464. The second layer 481 is pressed into the second patterned tool roller 474 and the curing process repeated for the second coating layer 481. Registration of the two coating patterns is achieved by maintaining the tool rollers 460, 474 in a precise angular relationship with one another, as will be described hereinafter.
Referring to
As a web 522 passes over the first roll 560, a first curable liquid (not shown) on a first surface 524 is cured by a curing light source 525 near a first region 526 on the first patterned roll 560. A first microreplicated patterned structure 590 is formed on the first side 524 of the web 522 as the liquid is cured. The first patterned structure 590 is a negative of the pattern 562 on the first patterned roll 560. After the first patterned structure 590 is formed, a second curable liquid 581 is dispensed onto a second surface 527 of the web 522. To insure that the second liquid 581 is not cured prematurely, the second liquid 581 can be isolated from the first curing light 525, by a locating the first curing light 525 so that it does not fall on the second liquid 581. Alternatively, shielding means 592 can be placed between the first curing light 525 and the second liquid 581. Also, the curing sources can be located inside their respective patterned rolls where it is impractical or difficult to cure through the web.
After the first patterned structure 590 is formed, the web 522 continues along the first roll 560 until it enters the gap region 575 between the first and second patterned rolls 560, 574. The second liquid 581 then engages the second pattern 576 on the second patterned roll and is shaped into a second microreplicated structure, which is then cured by a second curing light 535. As the web 522 passes into the gap 575 between first and second patterned rolls 560, 574, the first patterned structured 590, which is by this time substantially cured and bonded to the web 522, restrains the web 522 from slipping while the web 522 begins moving into the gap 575 and around the second patterned roller 574. This removes web stretching and slippages as a source of registration error between the first and second patterned structures formed on the web.
By supporting the web 522 on the first patterned roll 560 while the second liquid 581 comes into contact with the second patterned roll 574, the degree of registration between the first and second microreplicated structures 590, 593 formed on opposite sides 524, 527 of the web 522 becomes a function of controlling the positional relationship between the surfaces of the first and second patterned rolls 560, 574. The S-wrap of the web around the first and second patterned rolls 560, 574 and between the gap 575 formed by the rolls minimizes effects of tension, web strain changes, temperature, microslip caused by mechanics of nipping a web, and lateral position control. Typically, the S-wrap maintains the web 522 in contact with each roll over a wrap angle of 180 degrees, though the wrap angle can be more or less depending on the particular requirements.
To increase the degree of registration between the patterns formed on opposite surfaces of a web, it preferred to have a low-frequency pitch variation around the mean diameter of each roll. Typically, the patterned rolls are of the same mean diameter, though this is not required. It is within the skill and knowledge of one having ordinary skill in the art to select the proper roll for any particular application.
Referring to
Reduction or elimination of shaft resonance is important as this is a source of registration error allowing pattern position control within the specified limits. Using a coupling 640 between the motor 633 and shaft 650 that is larger than general sizing schedules specify will also reduce shaft resonance caused by more flexible couplings. Bearing assemblies 660 are located in various locations to provide rotational support for the motor arrangement.
In the example embodiment shown, the tool roller 662 diameter can be smaller than its motor 633 diameter. To accommodate this arrangement, tool rollers may be installed in pairs arranged in mirror image. In
Tool roller assembly 710 is quite similar to tool roller assembly 610, and includes a motor 733 for driving a tool or patterned roll 762 is mounted to the machine frame 750 and connected through a coupling 740 to a rotating shaft 701 of the patterned roller 762. The motor 733 is coupled to a primary encoder 730. A secondary encoder 751 is coupled to the tool to provide precise angular registration control of the patterned roll 762. Primary 730 and secondary 751 encoders cooperate to provide control of the patterned roll 762 to keep it in registration with a second patterned roll, as will be described further hereinafter.
Reduction or elimination of shaft resonance is important as this is a source of registration error allowing pattern position control within the specified limits. Using a coupling 740 between the motor 733 and shaft 750 that is larger than general sizing schedules specify will also reduce shaft resonance caused by more flexible couplings. Bearing assemblies 760 are located in various locations to provide rotational support for the motor arrangement.
Because the feature sizes on the microreplicated structures on both surfaces of a web are desired to be within fine registration of one another, the patterned rolls should be controlled with a high degree of precision. Cross-web registration within the limits described herein can be accomplished by applying the techniques used in controlling machine-direction registration, as described hereinafter. For example, to achieve about 10 micrometers end-to-end feature placement on a 10-inch circumference patterned roller, each roller must be maintained within a rotational accuracy of �32 arc-seconds per revolution. Control of registration becomes more difficult as the speed the web travels through the system is increased.
Applicants have built and demonstrated a system having 10-inch circular patterned rolls that can create a web having patterned features on opposite surfaces of the web that are registered to within 2.5 micrometers. Upon reading this disclosure and applying the principles taught herein, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate how to accomplish the degree of registration for other microreplicated surfaces.
Referring to
Referring to
Motor arrangement 900 communicates with a control arrangement 965 to allow precision control of the patterned roll 960. Control arrangement 965 includes a drive module 966 and a program module 975. The program module 975 communicates with the drive module 966 via a line 977, for example, a SERCOS fiber network. The program module 975 is used to input parameters, such as set points, to the drive module 966. Drive module 966 receives input 480 volt, 3-phase power 915, rectifies it to DC, and distributes it via a power connection 973 to control the motor 910. Motor encoder 912 feeds a position signal to control module 966. The secondary encoder 950 on the patterned roll 960 also feeds a position signal back to the drive module 966 via to line 971. The drive module 966 uses the encoder signals to precisely position the patterned roll 960. The control design to achieve the degree of registration is described in detail below.
In the illustrative embodiments shown, each patterned roll is controlled by a dedicated control arrangement. Dedicated control arrangements cooperate to control the registration between first and second patterned rolls. Each drive module communicates with and controls its respective motor assembly.
The control arrangement in the system built and demonstrated by Applicants include the following. To drive each of the patterned rolls, a high performance, low cogging torque motor with a high-resolution sine encoder feedback (512 sine cycles�4096 drive interpolation >>2 million parts per revolution) was used, model MHD090B-035-NG0-UN, available from Bosch-Rexroth (Indramat). Also the system included synchronous motors, model MHD090B-035-NG0-UN, available from Bosch-Rexroth (Indramat), but other types, such as induction motors could also be used.
Each motor was directly coupled (without gearbox or mechanical reduction) through an extremely stiff bellows coupling, model BK5-300, available from R/W Corporation. Alternate coupling designs could be used, but bellows style generally combines stiffness while providing high rotational accuracy. Each coupling was sized so that a substantially larger coupling was selected than what the typical manufacturers specifications would recommend.
Additionally, zero backlash collets or compressive style locking hubs between coupling and shafts are preferred. Each roller shaft was attached to an encoder through a hollow shaft load side encoder, model RON255C, available from Heidenhain Corp., Schaumburg, Ill. Encoder selection should have the highest accuracy and resolution possible, typically greater than 32 arc-sec accuracy. Applicants' design, 18000 sine cycles per revolution were employed, which in conjunction with the 4096 bit resolution drive interpolation resulted in excess of 50 million parts per revolution resolution giving a resolution substantially higher than accuracy. The load side encoder had an accuracy of +/−2 arc-sec; maximum deviation in the delivered units was less than +/−1 arc-sec.
In some instances, each shaft may be designed to be as large a diameter as possible and as short as possible to maximize stiffness, resulting in the highest possible resonant frequency. Precision alignment of all rotational components is desired to ensure minimum registration error due to this source of registration error.
Referring to
The top path 1151 is the feed forward section of control. The control strategy includes a position loop 1110, a velocity loop 1120, and a current loop 1130. The position reference 1111 is differentiated, once to generate the velocity feed forward terms 1152 and a second time to generate the acceleration feed forward term 1155. The feed forward path 1151 helps performance during line speed changes and dynamic correction.
The position command 1111 is subtracted from current position 1114, generating an error signal 1116. The error 1116 is applied to a proportional controller 1115, generating the velocity command reference 1117. The velocity feedback 1167 is subtracted from the command 1117 to generate the velocity error signal 1123, which is then applied to a PID controller. The velocity feedback 1167 is generated by differentiating the motor encoder position signal 1126. Due to differentiation and numerical resolution limits, a low pass Butterworth filter 1124 is applied to remove high frequency noise components from the error signal 1123. A narrow stop band (notch) filter 1129 is applied at the center of the motor-roller resonant frequency. This allows substantially higher gains to be applied to the velocity controller 1120. Increased resolution of the motor encoder also would improve performance. The exact location of the filters in the control diagram is not critical; either the forward or reverse path are acceptable, although tuning parameters are dependent on the location.
A PID controller could also be used in the position loop, but the additional phase lag of the integrator makes stabilization more difficult. The current loop is a traditional PI controller; gains are established by the motor parameters. The highest bandwidth current loop possible will allow optimum performance. Also, minimum torque ripple is desired.
Minimization of external disturbances is important to obtain maximum registration. This includes motor construction and current loop commutation as previously discussed, but minimizing mechanical disturbances is also important. Examples include extremely smooth tension control in entering and exiting web span, uniform bearing and seal drag, minimizing tension upsets from web peel off from the roller, uniform rubber nip roller. In the current design, a third axis geared to the tool rolls is provided as a pull roll to assist in removing the cured structure from the tool.
The web material can be any suitable material on which a microreplicated patterned structure can be created. Examples of web materials are polyethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, or polycarbonate. The web can also be multi-layered. Since the liquid is typically cured by a curing source on the side opposite that on which the patterned structure is created, the web material must be at least partially translucent to the curing source used. Examples of curing energy sources are infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, visible light radiation, microwave, or e-beam. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other curing sources can be used, and selection of a particular web material/curing source combination will depend on the particular article (having microreplicated structures in registration) to be created.
An alternative to curing the liquid through the web would be to use a two part reactive cure, for example, an epoxy, which would be useful for webs that are difficult to cure through, such as metal web or webs having a metallic layer. Curing could be accomplished by in-line mixing of components or spraying catalyst on a portion of the patterned roll, which would cure the liquid to form the microreplicated structure when the coating and catalyst come into contact.
The liquid from which the microreplicated structures are created can be a curable photopolymerizable material, such as acrylates curable by UV light. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other coating materials can be used, and selection of a material will depend on the particular characteristics desired for the microreplicated structures. Similarly, the particular curing method employed is within the skill and knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art. Examples of curing methods are reactive curing, thermal curing, or radiation curing.
Examples of coating means that useful for delivering and controlling liquid to the web are, for example, die or knife coating, coupled with any suitable pump such as a syringe or peristaltic pump. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that other coating means can be used, and selection of a particular means will depend on the particular characteristics of the liquid to be delivered to the web.
Various modifications and alterations of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure, and it should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the illustrative embodiments set forth herein.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Summer StarCraft II Arena: July 20-22, NYC
Watch all VOD from both streams, free!
Congratulations to Taeja, who took home his first MLG victory by defeating Alicia 4-2 in a tense yet dominant Final match! Taeja will go home with the title and $10,000 for his efforts. His victory capped off an incredible weekend of StarCraft II here in NYC.
Here are our Top 8 finishers, and the Top 16 players who will receive all-expenses paid trips to compete in the Summer Championship in Raleigh on August 24-26.
1st Place - $10,000 - Taeja
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5th/6th Place - $1,400 - Stephano, Losira
7th/8th Place - $900 each - Alive, Hero
9th-12th Place - Ganzi, Violet, Ryung, Daisy
13th-16th Place- Puma, Rain, Goody, Revival

subset: commoncrawl


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Forums → Fitness Challenges → Swim the most distance in 2009! by zed2009
Jan 2, 2009 11:21pm
This topic was created for the Swim the most distance in 2009! challenge.
|Feb 6, 2009 8:43am
Hey all, I am going to do this challenge, but I am not even going to start my routine until March. I am going to swim a little bit here and there just to move my muscles after my heavy lifting routines for the month of February, doing a HIT challenge to bulk up. It should help my swimming a lot, since I am hitting my lats pretty hard.


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Hang tight!
Recipe by Goldie
"This will knock your socks off - I believe this drink is Italian and is generally sipped, while eating marinated olives. Be sure to use good quality gin!"
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3/4 fluid ounce
3/4 fluid ounce
3/4 fluid ounce
sweet vermouth
2 fluid ounces
carbonated water
1 wedge
lemon, for garnish
This beverage is wonderful. For years, I've tried to learn to "appreciate" the herbal bitterness of Campari, to no avail. The adding of sweet vermouth, is the ticket for me. Thanks for sharing.
By the way, this Vodka drinker has found that it can be substituted for the gin!
just a twist, is with orange......
4 Ratings
I drink this cocktail frequently, especially during the Summer months. The Compari is a bit sour for me, so I always add a dash of orange juice.
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By Navy Petty Officer 1st Class Scott CohenSpecial to American Forces Press Service
DJIBOUTI, June 24, 2008 Representatives from 10 East African nations, along with coalition partners from the United Kingdom, France and the United States participated in a week-long working group to help lay a foundation for great partnership in the realm of maritime security.
Speakers from the various organizations covered a wide range of topics, including strategies for short- and long-term planning, pooling resources, regional cooperation, and security considerations at sea.
The team from Combined Joint Task Force Horn of Africa organized the event and was the catalyst for bringing these countries together to discuss issues pertaining to the region.
Navy Rear Adm. Philip H. Greene Jr., commander of CJTF-HOA, spoke first about the implication for why maritime security is vital to regional success.
"This is a wonderful opportunity to bring people together to develop partnerships, as well as to share information and knowledge about our path to improving maritime security and safety in the Horn and Eastern Africa," he said.
The desired end state is regional security and cooperation to help create a prosperous East Africa, Greene said.
"The importance of maritime security and safety in this region is driven because of the economic challenges that the region faces," the admiral said. "This is due to criminal activities at sea, trafficking of drugs, smuggling of illegal cargo, trafficking of people, as well as armed robbery and piracy at sea.
"Every country has limited resources to combat these many issues, including the United States," he continued. "Whether it is money, people or ships, the resources are finite, and talking about the issues candidly allows all of us to tackle the problems within the confines of what we have."
Navy Capt. James R. Burke, director of the plans and policy directorate for CJTF-HOA, was one of the driving forces behind this workshop. One of the goals he said he hopes eventually will come from these meetings is organizing and pooling resources throughout the region.
"Whenever you build some type of maritime capacity, it is never cheap, and there are limited resources," Burke said. "What is required is to determine what the threats are and what the nation may need to combat these threats.
"It is not just about equipment, it is also a supporting legal structure," he continued. "It may also span several agencies -- it could be the military, it could be the navy, its port authorities -- and bringing all those agencies together. It is complex environment, not a simple problem, but one that needs to be tackled."
A team from the Naval War College, in Newport, R.I., facilitated the small working groups, allowing delegates from the partner nations to discuss openly and candidly the problems each nation faces. Some challenges were common among the region's nations, but others presented were unique.
One delegate brought up the issue of having an uninformed populace regarding the laws surrounding smuggling. "If they do not know it is wrong, how can you expect them to refrain from doing illegal activities?" was a question posed by one of the attendees.
"Seeing the issues each nation is up against sets a framework for finding solutions in the future," Burke said. "Because of the limited resources involved, and the overlapping challenges the countries in the region encounter, if they can start thinking about working together to improve the overall security situation, this region in Africa will be one step closer to achieving the goals of the working group."
Concern for maritime security is not limited to coastal nations, Burke noted. Any nation with waterways has to consider how to provide security on them, he said.
Uganda is a prime example of a land-locked country with maritime security concerns. Lt. Col. Michael Nyayrwa, head of the Uganda People's Defense Force Maritime Forces, said even though his country is in the interior of Africa, maritime security still plays a role in the overall security of his country.
"We looked at how maritime security and safety strategies could be developed in the workshop, and we came to understand these strategies are not about navies, but about maritime domain awareness," Nyayrwa said. "It is about partnership, it is about cooperation, it is about countries pooling their resources, sharing information, and all of this is for the economic benefit for the people in this region of Africa."
He went on to say the problems of piracy and illegal fishing have an untold cost to the people as a whole and it is in the interests of everyone to work together to battle these forces.
"High crimes on our water bodies have transcended national borders, and coming together of various countries will engender prosperity of all the peoples in eastern Africa," he said.
"The framework is being laid for better regional maritime safety and security in the region," Burke said. "Ultimately, it will be up to everyone to step up and deliver on the goals talked about here."
(Navy Petty Officer 1st Class Scott Cohen serves with Combined Joint Task Force Horn of Africa.)
Related Sites:Combined Joint Task Force Horn of Africa


text:
Memorial honoring injured veterans under way in DC
The American Veterans Disabled For Life Memorial will be the first memorial in Washington dedicated to veterans who come home with life-chan…
The American Veterans Disabled For Life Memorial will be the first memorial in Washington dedicated to veterans who come home with life-chan…
The City of Norfolk and the FBI say their bribery investigation has concluded.
Offering the first glimmer of hope for a Gaza cease-fire, the United States on Wednesday said negotiations to broker a truce between Israel …
Two military transport planes carrying 40 coffins bearing victims of the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 landed Wednesday in the sout…
A 94-year-old man was rescued from a burning home in Chesapeake Wednesday morning.
A man convicted of abducting and killing a Nelson County teenager was sentenced Wednesday to two life terms in prison.
The Sierra Club has compiled a list of the top 15 ZIP codes in Virginia with the highest levels of toxic air emissions.
North Carolina's public health agency is recommending lifting a recreational water advisory for a river that was polluted by a massive coal …
Part of Taylor Road in Chesapeake was closed to traffic Wednesday morning after a driver slammed into a power pole.
Earlier this month, two police officers in Suffolk saved a man's life.
More complaints of bug bites are stemming from a Norfolk movie theater, but management said an exterminator did not find bedbugs.
Police have identified a man who was shot and killed overnight in Hampton as Terrance Arrington.
The Tides post All-Star break surge continued on Tuesday night when they collected 17 hits in a 12-4 win over the Toledo Mud Hens.
A Dutch company has agreed to buy APM Terminals in Portsmouth.
Tides pitcher Tyler Wilson continues to impress during his first season in triple A.
City officials confirm a commercial structure fire in Downtown Suffolk Tuesday night.
U.S. District Judge Raymond A. Jackson sentenced Newport News gang member Eric Pridgen to 30 years in prison.
A loud boom heard off the coast of the Outer Banks Tuesday night is related to Navy training exercises, according to Navy officials.
A sailor based at Naval Station Norfolk is dead after falling six stories from the balcony of a barracks Tuesday evening.
The courts say there's enough evidence to move forward in the case of a woman accused of driving a mobile meth lab on Interstate 64.
A Norfolk car dealership is on the military's off-limits list.


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Release DetailsLABEL Vendlus Records
GENRES Black,Viking
Our Journey Through The Woods (Reissue)posted on 9/2008 By:
First of all, I don't consider myself a fan of the jollier, Humppa-styled metal released by bands such as Finntroll or Korpiklaani, so I approached this album with a fair bit of caution due to the playful nature of the artwork adorning the cover. Two cartoonish woodland folk standing atop a boulder and surveying a vast forest is a pretty good indication that you're about to be hit with a fair bit of grinnin', twirlin' and bouncin'. I soldiered on, however, mostly because I have a great deal of respect for what Vendlus Records has done in the past, and also because one of the two men steering Germany's Klabautamann happens to be Florian Toyka of the impressive avant-death metal outfit, Island.
Originally self-released in 2003, Our Journey Through the Woods is indeed a rather sunny affair, but it's nowhere near the beer-soaked ditties produced by either of the Finnish bands mentioned above. For one thing, Klabautamann's brand of black metal is sans any sort of traditional folk instrumentation, save for the abundance of acoustic guitar scattered throughout each song. No tin whistles, accordions, flutes, mouth harps, dulcimers or blithe maidens swinging arm-in-arm to knee-slapping jigs here, just surprisingly fast and bright progressive black metal with just enough of a touch of darkness to keep crabby, moody louts such as myself coming through the door.
Much of Klabautamann's sunny disposition has to do with the nice pinch of classic German thrash (ala Eternal Devastation era Destruction) thrown into the mix here. "Der Nock" and "Tower of Sorcery" are the most obvious culprits, but nearly every song features extended moments where all players involved have their sites locked tight on pure speed. The record also brings to mind Isa/Ruun period Enslaved quite often, which has as much to do with the Grutle-styled vocals of Tim Steffens as it does with both bands' penchant for swirling King Crimson-styled progression into their black metal. The amazing "Seaghost" is proof enough of this, and definitely stands as one of the album's strongest cuts amongst a number of worthy contenders.
The speedy merriment on Our Journey Through the Woods is nicely offset by its copious use of darker acoustically-driven woodsy folk. These measures naturally bring to mind bands such as Agalloch and Tenhi, and I'd have to say such comparisons are certainly on target. Elegant twelve and six string layering abounds on nearly every tune, but it's the instrumental "Elfentanz" that really lets the folkish expertise of these guys shine through. And when the duo fold aerie leads within the quieter moments we even get an Awaken the Guardian/Spectre Within vibe due to the Jim Matheos flavor of the guitar work.
Our Journey Through the Woods has been getting more and more attention from me over the last two weeks, and the reasoning goes well beyond just hearing musicians perform their craft deftly. This record glows with the warmth of an old, familiar fairy tale, and it delivers what I believe all good fairy tales should deliver: imaginative stories unfolded through a nice balance of light AND dark. It's easy to understand why Vendlus chose to reissue this gem, and I definitely recommend it to those interested in finely crafted progressive black metal. Now I just need to track down the band's newer material.


text:
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text: One of the discussion questions for The Secret Sharer brings up the question of whether or not the captain was right in protecting Leggatt and whether or not the captain violated his responsibility as the leader of his ship. I believe that the captain acted extremely irresponsibly, letting an admitted murderer onto his ship and endangering his ship and crew in order to let the aforementioned criminal escape. For me however, it is difficult to judgethe captains actions looking at just these facts. The captain, who felt alone and isolated within his crew felt an instant connection to Leggatt, and I believe it was this feeling of loneliness that brought him to let Leggatt onto the ship in the first place. Although he violatedthe responsibility he has to his crew, the captain fulfilled his own needs, which is in turn part of his responsibility to take care of himself. If the captain felt alone, weak, and isolated, can he really do his job effectively? By allowing Leggatt to come onto the ship and thus making himself feel more confident is he actually improving his ability to lead? Could that make him a better captain?


text:
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text:
Courses: Nietzsche, Self and Morality (PHILB381001)
Spring 2011
Class Number: 1602
This course examines Nietzsche s thought, with particular focus on questions concerning the nature of the self and morality. The texts for the course are drawn mostly from Nietzsche s own writing, but these are complemented by some contemporary work in moral philosophy and philosophy of mind that has a Nietzschean influence.
Preference to Political Science, Philosophy, Comparative Literature
and German majors and minors.; Enrollment Limit: 15; Enrollment Limit
Criteria: Major/Minor/Concentration; Cross listed with POLS B381.
Fulfills: Class Nbr: 1602
Taught By
Bryn Mawr, DAL25
Meeting Times
W 1:00pm-4:00pm


text:
X-Files continues to falter
More bad news for Chris Carter and Fox as the season premiere continues
Whatever you do ... don't visit Chris Carter's office this week. He has just received more bad news about his show, "The X-Files."
Whether it be from the loss of David Duchovny, or just waning interest in the 9-year-old program, "The X-Files" appears to be on its way out scoring even lower ratings than its lackluster premiere last week.
According to Nielsen Overnight Metered Market ratings, the second half of "Nothing Important Happened Today" apparently was nothing important to watch either, as it earned a 7.1 rating/10 share, a significant drop from last week's 8.5/11 that had to compete with "Saving Private Ryan" on ABC.
Once a ratings winner for Fox, "The X-Files" showed the poorest ratings of any of the shows aired Sunday night. NFL coverage which overran into the 7 p.m. hour scored a 13.5/21 while "The Simpsons" earned a 9.9/14 and "Malcolm in the Middle" garnered an 8.9/13.
"The X-Files" wasn't the lowest point of the night, however, in the realm of television. "U.C.: Undercover" on NBC had a 5.6/9, "Dateline NBC" had only a 6.0/9 while "Alias" on ABC only managed a 7.0/10. "The X-Files" beat everything in The WB's lineup soundly, which averaged a very last place 2.8/4.
For the night, Fox was the winner again, powered by football and its top two shows, scoring a 10.5/15. It was followed by ABC (9.1/13, CBS (8.8/13) and NBC (7.1/11).
About the Author


text:
Test 1
Test 2
Test 3
Legislature Home
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Find Your Legislator
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Title 458
Chapter 458-20
Section 458-20-173
Print Version
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[In English]
<< 458-20-173 >>
Agency filings affecting this section
Installing, cleaning, repairing or otherwise altering or improving personal property of consumers.
Business and Occupation Tax
Persons installing, cleaning, decorating, beautifying, repairing or otherwise altering or improving tangible personal property of consumers or for consumers are taxable under the retailing classification upon the gross proceeds received from sales of tangible personal property and the rendition of services.
Persons who sell tangible personal property to, or render any of the above services for others than consumers, are taxable under the wholesaling classification upon the gross proceeds of sales received.
There must be included within gross amounts reported for tax all fees for services rendered and all charges recovered for expenses incurred in connection therewith, such as transportation costs, hotel, restaurant, telephone and telegraph charges, etc.
Retail Sales Tax
Persons engaged in the business of installing, cleaning, decorating, beautifying, repairing or otherwise altering or improving tangible personal property of consumers or for consumers are required to collect the retail sales tax upon the total charge made for the rendition of such services, even though no tangible personal property in the form of materials or supplies is sold or used in connection with such services. Where tangible personal property in the form of materials and supplies is sold or used in connection with such services, the retail sales tax applies to the total charges made for the sale of the materials and supplies and the services rendered in connection therewith.
The following are illustrative of services upon which the retail sales tax applies to the total charge made to consumers:
Laundering, dyeing and cleaning;
Automobile repairing, washing and painting;
Boat repairing (see WAC
for certain exemptions); shoe repairing and shining;
Altering or repairing wearing apparel.
In general, the repairing of any personal property, such as radios, refrigerators, machines, watches and jewelry and other articles.
The retail sales tax does not apply to sales of materials which are resold as a part of the articles of tangible personal property being repaired, altered or improved. Therefore, for buyers giving a resale certificate for purchases made before January 1, 2010, or a reseller permit for purchases made on or after January 1, 2010, to sellers to document the wholesale nature of any sale as provided in WAC
(Resale certificates) and WAC
(Reseller permits), the retail sales tax will not apply to purchases such as:
(1) Parts or paint by an automotive repairman;
(2) Lumber, chandlery, etc., by a boat repairman;
(3) Shoe findings, thread, nails, polish and dyes by a shoe repairman;
(4) Solder, wire, condensers, etc., by a radio or television repairman.
Even though resale certificates are no longer used after December 31, 2009, they must be kept on file by the seller for five years from the date of last use or December 31, 2014.
On the other hand the retail sales tax does apply to the purchase of all other supplies which may be consumed and utilized by such persons in the rendition of such services, such as fuel, lubricant, machines, hand tools, stationery and other supplies and equipment.
. Persons residing outside this state may ship into this state articles of tangible personal property for the purpose of having the articles repaired, cleaned, or otherwise altered, and then returned to them. The retail sales tax is not applicable to the charge made for labor and/or materials, provided the seller, as a requirement of the agreement, delivers the property to the purchaser at a point outside this state or delivers the property to a common or bona fide private carrier consigned to the purchaser at a point outside this state. Proof of exempt sales will be the same as that required for sales of tangible personal property in interstate commerce. See WAC
. No deduction is allowed, however, under the business and occupation tax.
For taxability of warranties and maintenance agreements, see WAC
[Statutory Authority: RCW
, 82.01.060(2), chapters
, 82.08, 82.12 and
RCW. WSR 10-06-070, § 458-20-173, filed 2/25/10, effective 3/28/10. Statutory Authority: RCW
. WSR 83-07-033 (Order ET 83-16), § 458-20-173, filed 3/15/83; Order ET 70-3, § 458-20-173 (Rule 173), filed 5/29/70, effective 7/1/70.]


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Ava's secret.
Carlos tries to protect Sabrina, but will he reveal Ava's secret? Watch a sneak peek of a Port Charles scene from "General Hospital" involving Carlo and Franco.
Read our General Hospital Spoilers for more of the fallout from AJ's death. Who do you think warns Tracy about Luke? Vote in our General Hospital Teaser Poll.
Follow Soaps.com on Twitter, and Soaps.com on Facebook.
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- Dustin Cushman


text:
Gear Review
Kat Cooper
Love It
I wish I had seen this earlier so I could have gotten it in both colors. It is so versatile and comfortable I want to wear it all the time.
Wear it to class every day or for business casual.
View More Details on Roxy Late For A Date Jacket - Women's


text:
Apologetics - Universal Reconciliation > Arguments Against Universal Salvation
Hell preachers
<< < (2/11) > >>
I also think it has to do with "timing". Many times people tried to kill Jesus but he would always escape their grasp because "it wasn't his time". Everything is "according to plan". And I think the blue-print of that plant lies in the Scriptures at least on a general consensus. I see this part of it falling in alignment with the "day is a thousand years" principle in correlation with the Levitical law of Moses. . . .and Genesis creation foundations. In other words . . .the first 6 thousand years, men measured everything according to labor . . .but the Sabbath day is now beginning . ..man has been here for 6 thousand years . .six days . . and we're entering into the seventh . .the Sabbath . .and on this day, the rules are the opposite than the previous six.
And as the rules go, so goes the atmoshpere, the spriit realm around us is manifesting mysteries that were once hidden. Not only are they being seen, but they are being birthed, understood, reproduced and lived. And . .so goes the message. What once was doom and gloom, now is celebration and triumph. We're literally in a new day . . and . . for those who don't agree with the math . . .let me then point you to what Jesus stated, and I've said this several times before, but here's yet another opportunity . . .
"Tear this temple down and in three days I will raise it up . . .. " Well, I believe "we" are that temple . ."this" is that third day as it was 2000 years ago that he proclaimed that . . .two days have passed and this generation is the dawning of the third day . . .and the UR message is the paradigm shift from ET that is the gospel now, just like it was in the first generation of the church. Restoration is among us.
--- Quote from: jabcat on August 21, 2011, 01:22:59 AM ---There's a tradition involved as WW says, through which men filter the scriptures and others beliefs. It colors our world.
Also, I believe there's a blindness. We're all veiled, some to more or lesser extent - as God sees fit. :2c:
--- End quote ---
Likely that filter is one of the veils. A veil makes one blind. A filter sends one in the wrong direction.
For God has consigned all Bible thumpers and Perdition lovers to their disobedience.. that He might have mercy on them.
Romans 11: 32
Are they really disobediant? Disobediance is breaking rules you are aware of. I'm sure for some it's just Hell Sells, but I think most ETs honestly believe.
When I think about this, I keep remembering the cherubim in the temple. God tells them to make a graven image and put it as the center point of worship for an idolatrous nation. Why would he do that? They were making the golden calf(a cherub?) while Moses was up on the mount. He had also just told them you shall make no image of anything in the heavens or earth. Yet there it is. It becomes the object of idolatry for them, their Moloch and Chiun. He knew this would happen. Why would He do that?
I don't know exactly (obviously) but it seems to me He provides for the false as well as the real. He's giving them both choices, spirit and truth, or carnal and mixed/false. Its all part of the plan. The human corporate experience of the destructive nature of man made religion, to give a contrast to the pure light of spirit and truth. Those hell preachers, do they really have a choice to believe otherwise?
They are veiled, we are still veiled. :2c:
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text:
Our customer Maniak Experiencial delivered an interactive exhibit for Volkswagen. In this exhibit, a futuristic car was placed in shopping malls, and treated visitors to an exciting driving simulator using the zSight HMD
Enjoy the gallery from this exhibit below and then the description by Maniak Experiencial
V4DX Volkswagen is the result in seeking to offer consumers a different driving experience. Something that allows you to escape from the routine of daily life on a journey through a stunning scenery in the company of the new line of Volkswagen cars. Experience the power of innovation!
Volkswagen 4DX is more than a driving simulator , it is a journey of the senses, that reinvents the way you feel the to drive a car, through the textures of the interior, the detail of the finished design, combined with the wind, gentle sound , transporting the crew to the scene of freedom on the road.
His main body is a futuristic design, seeking not represent in the fullest a car, but a machine capable of making the experience of driving a Volkswagen in environments that stimulate the senses and allow yourself to be a showcase of reality to discovery how far a car can take you .
The hand-made inside, highlights the simplicity and depth of its black wheel, decorated in perfect balance between fine fabrics and carbon fiber.
The driving experience becomes immersive, with the support of technology lenses that offers 120 ° viewing angle of a real environment, fully moving it to another place to venture in the experience.
His final touch lies in the platform free from 2 degrees of movement , that recreate the forces experienced by the person driving the vehicle , changing the inclination in milliseconds can feel the vibration , acceleration and deceleration on the course .


text:
Tide tables and solunar tables for sport fishers in Benicia. Find out the forecast for high tides and low tides before setting out to fish, and other fishing-related data such as the lunar phase, tidal coefficient, sun and moon rising and setting times, hours of maximum fish activity, weather conditions in Benicia ...
We want you to enjoy to the max a well-planned fishing expedition! Good luck!
Today Tuesday, 28th of July of 2015, the sun rose in Benicia at 6:10 am and sunset will be at 8:22 pm. The moon set at 3:26 am at 246º southwest. Eventually, the moon will rise again in the southeast (114º) at 5:59 pm.
In the high tide and low tide chart, we can see that the first low tide was at 6:50 am and the next low tide will be at 5:44 pm. The first high tide will be at 1:10 pm and the next high tide at 11:42 pm.
The lunar phase is a Waxing Gibbous. Today we have 14 hours and 12 minutes of sun. The solar transit is at 1:16 pm and the length of time the moon will be visible will be 9 hours and 27 minutes.
The tidal coefficient today is 69 (average). At noon the tidal coefficient increases to 76 to end the day with a tidal coefficient of 81. The tide heights today are 0.0 ft, 4.3 ft, 2.6 ft and 6.2 ft. We can compare these levels with the maximum high tide recorded in the tide tables for Benicia which is of 6.6 ft and a minimum height of -1.3 ft.
The solunar fishing calendar in Benicia tells us that today is an average day for fishing, the fish activity forecast is average. Please, read more about solunar tables. The best times of day for fishing are:
Tide timetable for Benicia. The times are generated in local time in California and the daylight saving time change is calculated automatically, so you don't need to add or subtract anything. You will also have the lunar phase, sunrise and sunset times, the tidal coefficient and the average fish activity forecast for each day according to the solunar tables:
[ 0 low activity ] , [ average activity ] , [ high activity ] , [ very high activity ]
NOTE: The times reflected in the tide table for Benicia are tide forecasts only valid as references for sport fishing. They shouldn't be used as a guide for navigation. The heights are expressed in feet referenced to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW).
MLLW is the average of the lower low water height of each tidal day observed over the official time segment over which tide observations are taken and reduced to obtain mean value (Tidal Datum Epoch).
94510 Benicia
USA: AL | CA | CT | DC | DE | FL (east) | FL (gulf) | FL (west) | FL (keys) | GA | LA | MA | MD | ME | MS | NC | NH | NY | OR | PA | RI | SC | TX | VI | WA
Start of summer time UTC-7
March 8, 2015 at 2:00 am ► 3:00 am
End of summer time UTC-8
November 1, 2015 at 2:00 am ► 1:00 am
There are 96 days left until the clocks change
|6:50 am
|low tide
|( 0.0 ft. )
|1:10 pm
|high tide
|( 4.3 ft. )
|5:44 pm
|low tide
|( 2.6 ft. )
|11:42 pm
|high tide
|( 6.2 ft. )
|coefficient 0h
|coefficient 12h
|Activity of the day
Major periods
from 10:42 am to 12:42 pm and from 11:11 pm to 1:11 am.
minor periods
from 3:26 am to 4:26 am and from 5:59 pm to 6:59 pm.
Waxing Gibbous
Moon age: 11 days
Light: 85 %
|Northern Hemisphere
|Full Moon (3 days)
July 31, 2015 at 3:43 am
|Last Quarter Moon (9 days)
August 6, 2015 at 7:03 pm
|New Moon (17 days)
August 14, 2015 at 7:54 am
|First Quarter Moon (25 days)
August 22, 2015 at 12:31 pm
|5:59 pm
|Lunar transit
|11:11 pm
|3:26 am
|Duration of the moon
|9 h 27 m
|6:10 am
|1:16 pm
|8:22 pm
|Duration of the sun
|14 h 12 m
Earth - Sun
Angular diameter
Earth - Moon
Angular diameter


text:
In the Lehigh Valley, KidsPeace has been holding annual autumn balls for 8 years -- formal affairs with sit-down dinners, dancing and auctions of wonderful donated items. This event typically raises a large amount of money for the KidsPeace Children's Fund, which provides necessities and some extras to children in our care. Due to the tough economic times, we are planning a truly unique concept for our Autumn Ball. We are asking our donors to spend December 10th not dressed in gowns and black ties, but with their families and loved ones instead. Here is how it works ...
Make a donation of $200 to KidsPeace and receive coupons to pick up a hot, delicious pizza, a bottle of wine and 6 wonderful cupcakes and stay at home and share the feast with your friends and families. Pizzas will be available from one if 3 locations of Penn Pizza at two locations in Allentown or Rosanna's in Bethlehem; the wine from two Clover Hill Vineyards & Winery locations; and the cupcakes from The Flour Shop in Bethlehem. The ball takes place from 6:00 p.m. until 10:00 p.m. on December 10th, and the children at KidsPeace will be having a pizza party right along with you. Additionally, your gifts to KidsPeace will help provide winter outerwear, toiletries, books and games and holiday gifts to children who will not be able to be home for the holidays, whether in one of our residential centers or in foster care.
Can't afford $200? KidsPeace will gratefully accept donations of any size to bring smiles to the faces of children who, in many cases, have experienced very little kindness in their lives before coming to KidsPeace. For more information, please contact Colleen Kulp at 610-799-7906 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
Enjoy an evening with your family and help the children at KidsPeace at the same time.
KidsPeace President and CEO appeared on the morning news on WFMZ, Channel 69 today to help promote "Kids of Character," a local nonprofit that is promoting instilling character in our children at a grass roots level. Isemann appeared with Gwen Pongracz, founder of the organization to explain that parents, educators, business leaders, neighbors, community members and all responsible adults are all stakeholders in teaching our children the core values of character, which include:
They advised parents to read books to their children that contain characters who portray values and take responsibility, and to use teachable moments to discuss the topic with older children. Additionally, all adults who interact with children in the community should take responsibility for teaching positive character traits to our future physicians, attorneys, educators and business leaders.
Isemann explained that, at KidsPeace, "All associates reinforce character attributes to the children we care for in treatment and in our schools. We model character for our kids at all times and provide them with tools that will help them learn to incorporate these attributes into their lives." KidsPeace hosted a conference for Kids of Character at the Orchard Hills Campus in Orefield last month
Pongracz pointed out that character is mandated by "No Child Left Behind," and urged parents to contact their schools to learn how this mandate is being carried out and ask for more character attributes to be incorporated into curricula.
Isemann added that KidsPeace is partnering with Kids of Character because it is the right thing to do as a business and as responsible members of the community and he urged other businesses to support the organization in any way possible.


text:
'Illustrated' Eye Bag (Sultry) (Nordstrom Exclusive) ($93 Value)
|Item # 688242
M·A·C presents a makeup bag featuring exclusive illustrations by witty fashion designer Rebecca Moses.
Set includes full sizes of:
- Mineralize Eyeshadow Duo in Thunder and Rain (0.07 oz.): a frosty blue-purple and satin grey.
- Kohl Power Eye Pencil in Feline (0.05 oz.): a rich black.
- Haute & Naughty Lash Mascara (0.33 oz.).
- Approx. cosmetics bag dimensions: 6 3/4"W x 4"H x 1 3/4"D.
- By M·A·C.


text:
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Bob McComas
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For anyone who has ever been involved in developing an Affirmative Action Plan, the task is nothing short of exhausting. This is a time consuming complex and focused process to undertake for anyone. An Affirmative Action Plan requires a complex system of statistical analysis of the employer's current workforce, the number of new hires promotion, and job applicant for the past twelve months, and the inclusion of the external workforce availability gained from various government agencies.
HIPAA Privacy Act
Presented by Bob McComas
Effective April 14, 2004, new regulations become effective under the new HIPAA Privacy Act - if your company's healthcare plan is under $5 million -- you MUST be in strict compliance with sweeping new HIPAA privacy regulations.
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Banks and other financial institutions with 50 or more employees are required to have an Affirmative Action Plan because they are deemed to be a "Federal Contractor" under the law by virtue of holding treasury tax or loan accounts, handling saving bonds, and acting as government depositories. A more specific definition of this requirement is noted in the January 2002 issue of the Banking and Finance.
The article states: "... officials at the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs ("OFCCP"), the Department of Labor Division charged with enforcing affirmative action requirements, have indicated that the OFCCP considers the fact that financial institutions take federally insured deposits as another "hook" to classify a financial institution as a Federal Contractor. Indeed, in recent years the OFCCP has made clear that it intends to closely monitor the hiring practices of financial institutions through enforcement of Executive Order 11246. In the past year, the OFCCP has audited numerous financial institutions ... throughout the country."
The article further points out that" The affirmative action regulations require employers to develop and implement a formal written AAP if they are (a depository of government funds in any amount) or (an issuing and paying agent U.S. saving bonds and saving notes.) Nearly all financial institutions, which are members of the federal banking systems, will have government funds deposited to them from time to time. Many savings and loan organizations and other financial institutions will also meet these criteria. In the eyes of the OFCCP, simply having one dollar in government deposits during the calendar year will require the organization to maintain a written affirmative action plan.
Additionally, many banks hold transfer authority for the US saving bonds, as do most credit unions. Similarly private corporations, brokerages, and other investment organizations also frequently have such transfer agency authority for U.S. savings bonds and offer the sale and redemption of those bonds to employees and customers as a service or courtesy."
Banks covered under Executive Order 11246 must maintain three different types of written AAPs for: (1) minorities and women; (2) disabled individuals; and (3) Vietnam era, special disabled, and other protected veterans. Importantly, the OFCCP implemented significant regulatory changes last year affecting the required contents of a company's narrative affirmative action plans and also regarding how the required annual statistical analysis and reporting requirements are met. Preparation of an AAP is a time consuming and complex process of the statistical analysis and narrative development. Banks who do not use an outside consultant for preparing their AAP, should be prepared to devote one person full time to its preparation who is knowledgeable in this area of the law.
First published on BankersOnline.com 3/29/04
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"Math in Focus" is our new math curriculum!!
(for more information go to www.hmhelearning.com)
"The key words are not drill, speed, and mechanical skill but rather understanding, meaning, insight, and significance; and instruction is designed so that children will both understand arithmetic and appreciate it." Guy Buswell, 1938
4th graders must know their multiplication facts to 12. Please practice!


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Michael J. Ashburn
Home Inspector / Investigator
President of PRO-ASHI
(Pittsburgh Chapter of the
American Society of Home Inspectors)
ASHI Certified Inspector, ACI
724-516-1665 Call or Text to Book
We are a local family owned ASHI Certified home inspection business in Pittsburgh that takes pride in helping all people who are buying or selling homes in the
Pittsburgh and surrounding areas.
Michael J. Ashburn is an HCI-R / HAAG Certified Residential
Roofing Inspector #201504301.This designation allows for greater experience in roofing inspections and the ability to work with insurance companies for roof damages.Check my good standing at
Michael J. Ashburn # 201504301
Michael focuses on educating you as the client about the building science
Home Inspections - Building Science Consultants
Multi-family Dwellings - Commercial Services
Radon Gas Testing - Infrared Thermal Scanning
WDI Inspections - Water Testing
Angie's List Super Service Provider Award
Here's what some of my clients are saying about my services.
David P. - Just wanted to give a major credit, and thank you, to Michael Ashburn of Ashburn Inspections. Michael is a real estate inspector, President of the PRO-ASHI - Western Pa Home Inspectors Association, and a totally stand up guy. We have what I thought was a serious structural issue with the roof on our house. I have talked to several structural engineers about the issue and all of them basically said they had no idea what the problem was and that they would need to conduct a study to figure it out. Well, 10 minutes with Michael and after a pile of questions from him - he had the issue figured out. I was kind of skeptical but looked at the area he concluded was the issue. Yep - he was right: for probably $100 I can fix the problem. Bottom line - if you need a house inspector for a transaction, have a structural issue, or other issue with your house: I would highly recommend his firm.
Tom K. - I hired Ashburn Inspections to look at a property I am purchasing. Mike was able to fit me in within one week of the initial call. The home inspection went well and I felt the work was thorough. Mike went up on the roof and into the attic spaces and was able to point out things to me as he went through the inspection process. He also was able to point out the age of major systems and was knowledgeable on the original manufactures. He also gave me many recommendations on how to best take care of many small items that were discovered. This included links to web sites were I could obtain additional information and help if I desired. One thing I liked about Mike was that he was very honest with his opinions. I have an engineering background and I felt that Mike gave honest and straightforward critique of anything that was found. He did not blow anything out of proportion and made sure that I fully understood the issues. I would not hesitate to recommend Ashburn Inspections to anyone looking for this service.
John M. - Michael Ashburn performed a home inspection, radon testing, and wood-destroying insect infestation inspection.AL Member Comments: Fantastic. Michael Ashburn has a great hands-on background in homes and a common-sense approach to home inspection. He was very, incredibly thorough and I couldn't be more pleased with his work. I was present for the entire inspection and he welcomed my feedback and concerns in a positive manner. He was receptive to my comments and investigated things which I was concerned about. He also completed radon testing and completed a wood-destroying pest infestation inspection. Lastly he gave the house a thermal efficiency check with a thermal imagine scanner, which he used on the entire house as well as the electrical service. He was mostly concerned about the things that really matter - whether the building was structurally sound, what condition the plumbing, electrical, and windows were in, how sound the furnace and water heater were, etc. I have seen reports where inspectors try to be "code enforcers" rather than perform a function and safety inspection of the home. Michael's focus was constantly on whether or not the home was a good investment, how safe the home was - really whether or not it had any major issues. The inspection was over around noon on Saturday, and I had the report back Saturday evening. All 60 pages of it. I'm sure the seller wasn't happy to see it, but I was. I cannot emphasize how impressed I was with Michael and how highly I recommend his work.
Courtney E. - Michael performed a thorough home inspection and radon test.I called Michael, recommended by my mother, who recently bought a home on her own. Not only did he call me back, he texted me, which as a working single mother, made communication so much easier. He showed up, was super friendly, was super thorough, used technology (software on his iphone) to capture his notes. He really made sure that I knew what he was talking about and what it might take to take care of the issues that arose. The inspection was complete at 5:30pm on Thursday, by 8am on Friday I had my completed report. Michael goes above and beyond, in communicating, following up and touching base.The home buying process is full of talking to so many different people, and throughout this, Michael was the most on top of everything and such a pleasure to hear from. I say hear from, because he was always in touch with me before I ever needed to reach out to him. I highly recommend him. Proactive, Professional, Reliable, Friendly, and Definitely THE BEST!
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|Forum Home > LeRay Family > Lots of new LeRay Family Photos
Site Owner
Posts: 26
I added lots of new LeRay Family Photos today. See the "Photos" section under the LeRay Family.
If you have any old photos of the families listed on this site that you can share, please scan them and send them to me. These photos need to be preserved for future family members.