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Chicago Fire Soccer Club
|Full name
|Chicago Fire Soccer Club
|October 8, 1997
|Toyota Park
Bridgeview, Illinois
|Andrew Hauptman
|Head Coach
|Frank Yallop
|Major League Soccer
|Eastern Conference: 9th
Overall: 15th
Playoffs: Did not qualify
|Club home page
Chicago Fire Soccer Club is an American professional soccer club based in the Chicago suburb of Bridgeview, Illinois. The team competes in Major League Soccer (MLS). The organization is named for the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, and was founded on October 8, 1997, the event's 126th anniversary. In their first league season in 1998, the Fire won the MLS Cup as well as the U.S. Open Cup (the "double"). They have also won U.S. Open Cups in 2000, 2003, and 2006; in addition to the 2003 MLS Supporters' Shield.
The Fire maintain an extensive development system, consisting of the Chicago Fire Premier (Premier Development League and Super-20 League teams), the Chicago Fire NPSL team, the Chicago Fire Development Academy, and the Chicago Fire Juniors youth organization. They also operate the Chicago Fire Foundation, the team's community-based charitable division. Toyota Park is the Fire's home stadium. The team's head coach is Frank Yallop. Brian Bliss serves as the team's technical director. Yallop's coaching staff is rounded out by assistant coaches Marc Bircham and Clint Mathis, and goalkeeping coach Aron Hyde.
- 1 History
- 2 Colors and badge
- 3 Stadium
- 4 Club culture
- 5 Broadcasting
- 6 Players and staff
- 7 Honors
- 8 Record
- 9 Team awards
- 10 Average attendance
- 11 Affiliations
- 12 References
- 13 External links
Founded on October 8, 1997,[1] the club was originally based at Soldier Field. Since 2006, they reside at Toyota Park at 71st and Harlem Avenue in Bridgeview. The owners of the Fire are Andell Holdings, who purchased the club in 2007. Andell Holdings director Andrew Hauptman acts as club chairman, while the director of soccer is Frank Yallop and the chief operating officer is Atul Khosla. The Fire are historically most successful in the U.S. Open Cup; winning championships in 1998, 2000, 2003, and 2006. The Fire keeps a close connection with the Chicago Sting (its predecessor team in the NASL) by holding frequent commemorative events, reunions, and wearing Sting-inspired shirts.
Many notable players have worn the Fire shirt, including U.S. internationals Chris Armas, Carlos Bocanegra, Frank Klopas, DaMarcus Beasley, Brian McBride, Tony Sanneh, Cory Gibbs, Ante Razov, Josh Wolff and Eric Wynalda. Some of the club's other notable American professional players include C.J. Brown, Jesse Marsch, Chris Rolfe, and Zach Thornton. The Fire also has a reputation for importing international talent, from established veterans like Pável Pardo, Piotr Nowak, Cuauhtémoc Blanco, Tomasz Frankowski, Lubos Kubik and Hristo Stoichkov; in addition to younger players such as Patrick Nyarko, Marco Pappa, Damani Ralph, Bakary Soumare, and Nery Castillo.
Club foundation and initial success[edit]
Founded in 1997 at Navy Pier, on the anniversary of the Great Fire, the Fire immediately tapped into the diverse ethnic makeup of the city. The team brought in Polish players Piotr Nowak, Jerzy Podbrozny, and Roman Kosecki; the Mexican Jorge Campos; and the Czech Lubos Kubik. While all showed their talent while playing for Chicago that first year, American players (Zach Thornton, Chris Armas, C.J. Brown) proved most integral to the Fire's continued success. Under the club's first head coach, Bob Bradley – and against all expectation – the team completed the double in its first competitive year, beating D.C. United in the 1998 MLS Cup Final, and defeating the Columbus Crew in Chicago to win the 1998 U.S. Open Cup a week later.
The team's momentum continued, reaching the 2000 MLS Cup final (losing to Kansas City) and winning the 2000 U.S. Open Cup. Internationally experienced players such as Hristo Stoitchkov joined the Fire, while young American talents such as DaMarcus Beasley developed. The Fire quickly became cemented as one of the league's preeminent teams.
Nomadic times[edit]
With Soldier Field undergoing massive renovations, the Fire moved to the western Chicago suburb of Naperville, Illinois in 2002. That same year, Bob Bradley abruptly departed the team to lead the MetroStars, from his home state of New Jersey. The Fire then selected the U.S. men's national team's top assistant, Dave Sarachan, to assume the vacant post.
Chicago qualified for the league final while also capturing the Supporters' Shield and 2003 U.S. Open Cup along the way. The team returned to Chicago and the renovated Soldier Field midway through the 2003 season.
After that season, longtime captain Piotr Nowak retired to take a position in the front office. He departed a year later to become manager of D.C. United. In this period new talent emerged, including Jamaican striker Damani Ralph. Still, stagnating performances and the building strength of the Eastern Conference made Chicago's league position ever more tenuous. In 2004, the team missed the league playoffs for the first time in their history.
Turmoil, and a permanent home[edit]
The 2005 season began with the unexpected dismissal of popular club president Peter Wilt by then-owners AEG, a move decried by fans, many players, and club staff.[2] This came as a shock, given his brokering of a $100m deal to build the Fire a stadium in the collar suburb of Bridgeview. He was immediately replaced by Metrostars executive John Guppy.
Competitively, the season was most notable for the blockbuster visit of Milan from Italy's Serie A, and the surprising 4–0 away defeat of D.C. United in the Eastern Conference Semi-finals.
2006 arrived, and the Fire moved from Soldier Field into its new stadium in Bridgeview, a southwest suburb of Chicago: Toyota Park, located at the corner of 71st Street and Harlem Avenue. In its first season, it played host to an unspectacular league campaign; but victory in the 2006 U.S. Open Cup marked a continuation of the club's successes and promise for the future.
The anxiety to win another league title continued to grow, however. Sarachan entered 2007 (his fifth season in charge) under intense pressure from fans and the administration to produce a league championship. Tension mounted further on April 3, 2007, when the Fire signed Mexico and América star Cuauhtémoc Blanco to a Designated Player contract. After a perfect three matches to open the year, they won only one of their next eight, and Sarachan was dismissed. Following a brief search, Millionarios manager Juan Carlos Osorio was named the club's third head coach.
New ownership[edit]
More change came soon afterward. On September 6, 2007, Andell Holdings, a Los Angeles-based private investment firm controlled by chairman and chief executive officer Andrew Hauptman, acquired AEG's interests in both the Chicago Fire Soccer Club and Toyota Park. Reports estimated the purchase price to be upwards of $35 million.[3] The team has not won a major trophy since Hauptman bought the team.
On the field, behind Blanco and Wilman Conde, Osorio's central defender at Millionarios, the Fire went on an extended unbeaten run to close the season, easily qualifying for the playoffs but were defeated at New England in the Eastern Conference Final. On December 10, 2007, the Fire announced Osorio's resignation. He was named manager of the New York Red Bulls eight days later. Hauptman filed tampering charges with the league in protest, and the Fire were compensated by the Red Bulls with cash and draft picks.[4]
Changes came quickly in Osorio's wake. On January 17, 2008, former Fire star Frank Klopas was named Technical Director in charge of player personnel, and longtime Fire assistant Denis Hamlett was appointed manager. While the Fire struggled at home in 2008 the team found unusual success on the road, gathering 22 out of a possible 45 away points. Momentum grew with the long-anticipated signing of Chicago native Brian McBride on a free transfer in July 2008. After disposing of the Red Bulls 5–2 in the season's final game, they decisively conquered New England in the first round of the playoffs with a 3–0 victory at home. This was Chicago's first playoff advancement over the Revolution in four consecutive seasons. But triumph only lasted for a week, as they again missed the league final with their 2–1 Eastern Conference Final loss to eventual champion Columbus.
The 2009 season saw few alterations to the previous year's roster. The story of the season was much the same, as continued poor home form offset excellent performances away from Toyota Park. This led to a second place Eastern Conference finish behind Columbus. Despite this, Real Salt Lake managed to upset the Crew in the quarterfinals, meaning Chicago would host the semi-final for the first time in six years. Chicago's nearly flawless home playoff history meant little in the end, as they lost to Salt Lake, 5–3, on penalties after 120 scoreless minutes. Shortly thereafter, manager Denis Hamlett was dismissed.[5]
A team in flux[edit]
Leading up to 2010, Chicago hired Carlos de los Cobos as head coach, previously manager of El Salvador.[6] Cuauhtémoc Blanco, Chris Rolfe and Gonzalo Segares all departed. More changes came in the summer transfer window with the trade of Justin Mapp to Philadelphia, the acquisition of Mexican international striker Nery Castillo, and the trade for former Swedish international midfielder Fredrik Ljungberg. Defender Gonzalo Segares returned to the Fire, leaving Apollon Limassol after only six months away. Despite these reinforcements, the Fire failed to qualify for the playoffs for only the second time in club history. Former US international Brian McBride and club original C.J. Brown retired at season's end, followed closely by the departures of Wilman Conde, Ljungberg, and Castillo.
2011 began much in the way of 2010, with foundering performances both home and away. After nine winless matches, Carlos de los Cobos was let go on May 30, 2011.[7] Technical Director Frank Klopas was named interim head coach. Behind summer reinforcements Pavel Pardo and Sebastián Grazzini, as well as forward Dominic Oduro's 12 goals after being acquired in a trade from Houston, the Fire qualified for the US Open Cup Final (lost at Seattle) and narrowly missed making the playoffs after gaining 24 points in their last 12 league matches. After the season's conclusion, Klopas was given the permanent manager job on November 3, 2011.[8]
Although expectations were modest for 2012, Klopas' first full season as coach, the year saw a change in fortune for the Fire. The spring and summer months saw several new acquisitions for the club, starting with the reacquiring of Chris Rolfe from Aalborg BK.[9] Rolfe, who scored eight goals and 12 assists in the 21 games he played in 2012, would later be named the Fire's MVP.[10] Other signings included Brazilian midfielders Alex Monteiro de Lima from the Swiss side FC Wohlen, Alvaro Fernandez from Seattle Sounders FC, forward Sherjill MacDonald from Beerschot AC of Belgium and veteran defender Arne Friedrich from VfL Wolfsburg. Although they would fall out of the U.S. Open tournament early that season, the Fire eventually compiled a 17–11–6 record, their best since 2000, and ranked as high as second in the Eastern Conference before ending the year in fourth place.[11] On October 31, 2012, in their first playoff appearance since 2009, the Fire lost their first-round MLS Cup playoff match-up at home against the Houston Dynamo, 2–1.[12]
In the 2012-2013 offseason the franchise made some moves to improve on 2012's success. The team acquired Joel Lindpere and Jeff Larentowicz and also traded Dominic Oduro for Dilly Duka and the rights to Robbie Rogers.[13] The beginning of the season saw the team struggling to score goals, resulting in a record of 2-5-1, with a goal differential of -8 through April. After two successive losses to the Union in May, and with veteran Arne Friedrich still on IR, the Fire acquired their former centerback Bakary Soumaré from Philadelphia.[14] Also in May, semi-retired International Robbie Rogers returned to the United States and expressed an interest to play only in Southern California, at which point a deal was brokered for Rogers' rights in exchange for Chicago native Mike Magee from the Los Angeles Galaxy.[15] On June 23, 2013, Friedrich, who had not played a 2012–13 game due to recurring injuries, announced his retirement from professional football.[16] After starting the season 2-7-3, the additions of Soumare and Magee led to seven wins in the squad's last 10 games. The Fire were busy in the transfer window as well, adding veteran defensive midfielder Arévalo Ríos and forward Juan Luis Anangonó.[17] After an energizing 12-6-6 finish to the season, the Fire narrowly missed the playoffs for the third time in the last four years – losing out to the Montreal Impact on goal differential. On October 30, 2013, the club announced that the president of soccer operations Javier Leon and head coach Frank Klopas had stepped down,[18] but the Fire front office had a replacement one day later.
The Yallop era[edit]
On October 31, 2013 Chicago Fire named Frank Yallop as its new head coach and director of soccer.[19] On December 5, 2013, Fire MVP Mike Magee became the first Fire player to win the Volkswagen MLS MVP Award – beating out Los Angeles Galaxy's Robbie Keane and Montreal Impact's Marco Di Vaio for the honor.[20][21][22] Meanwhile, Yallop was busy recruiting a new coaching staff which included "Ring of Fire" member and Chicago Fire veteran C. J. Brown and former U.S. International striker Clint Mathis as the team's assistant coaches, adding Columbus Crew's Brian Bliss as Technical Director. Former Fire forward Brian McBride was added as an assistant coach in May 2014 for a short-term assignment.[23][24][25][26]
The shake-up extended to the roster, as Yallop moved team veterans and starters and brought in youth prospects – reforming the team while freeing up cap space. Major exits in early 2014 included Chris Rolfe,[27] Austin Berry,[28] Jalil Anibaba, Daniel Paladini, and Paolo Tornaghi. Filling that void was a handful of youth prospects including Harrison Shipp (homegrown player), Benji Joya (via MLS "weighted lottery"), and Grant Ward on loan from Tottenham Hotspur. The season ended in disappointment, with the Fire ending the season with a 6-18-10 record, with 18 draws, also setting a record for most draws in an MLS season in the process.
Colors and badge[edit]
The official club colors are red and white. Over its history, the Fire have also employed navy blue, sky blue, and black as alternate colors.
The Chicago Fire logo is derived from the standard shape of a fire department's crest (also shown by the Chicago Fire Department), also known as a Florian's cross. This style was chosen by the original general manager, Peter Wilt, to establish a timeless image evocative of both classic American sports (as in the logos of the NHL Original Six) and the traditions of European soccer.
The logo features a stylized 'C' at its heart (representing Chicago), similar to the logos of the Bears and Cubs. The six points in a ring around the center allude to the stars in the Municipal Flag of Chicago, specifically the one commemorating the Great Chicago Fire of 1871.
Nike, the Fire's original equipment supplier, intended for the team to be named the Chicago Rhythm. The Rhythm identity featured a turquoise, black and green color scheme, and a logo adorned with a cobra. Team officials ignored Nike's work, and privately developed the Fire identity with the help of Adrenalin, Inc., a well-known sports-specific branding agency.[29][30]
The original Fire shirts were chosen because of their resemblance to a Chicago fireman's coat, featuring broad horizontal stripes across the torso and sleeves. In the first year, the home jersey was red and white with a silver "FIRE" on the stripe; while the away shirts were white and black in the same style. The jersey has remained remarkably constant ever since, continually maintaining the same format of an all-red shirt with a white horizontal chest stripe, even through changes in equipment sponsor (from Nike, to Puma, and currently adidas), until 2012 when the white stripe was exchanged for a blue stripe. Conversely, the Fire's secondary shirts have changed much over the years from white with black, to white with navy, to white with red, to all-white style and the all-blue currently used. Third shirts have often been yellow (originally to honor the Chicago Sting, later for the expired partnership with Morelia). A popular light blue third shirt was worn in 2005, based on the Municipal Flag of Chicago but was discontinued during the sponsorship change to Adidas the next year.
The club and their fans make frequent use of the symbols of Chicago, as a show of civic pride. Most prominent are the six-pointed Chicago stars, but the light blue color associated with the city, the municipal device, and the city skyline appear regularly on materials produced by the club and its fans. The municipal flag of Chicago is also favored by fans and often seen at the stadium, in a manner akin to the use of the flag of Catalonia by FC Barcelona fans but without a nationalist subtext.
|Kit manufacturer
|Shirt sponsor
|Best Buy
|Quaker Oats Company
Chicago plays its home games at Toyota Park in the Chicago suburb of Bridgeview, Illinois. The soccer-specific stadium opened on June 11, 2006 and was developed at a cost of around $100 million.
For its first years in the league the Fire played at Soldier Field, the 61,500-capacity home of the Chicago Bears of the NFL and one of the main venues of the 1994 FIFA World Cup. While that stadium was undergoing a $632 million renovation, the Fire played at Cardinal Stadium in Naperville, Illinois, on the outskirts of the Chicago metropolitan area. They returned to Soldier Field toward the end of 2003, remaining there through the end of 2005.
Home stadiums[edit]
- Soldier Field; Chicago, Illinois (1998–2001), (2003–2005)
- Cardinal Stadium; Naperville, Illinois (2002–2003)
- Toyota Park; Bridgeview, Illinois (2006–present)
Other stadiums[edit]
- Benedetti–Wehrli Stadium; Naperville, Illinois (2004) 1 game in US Open Cup
- Forest View Park; Arlington Heights, Illinois (2000) 1 game in US Open Cup
- Milwaukee Sports Complex; Franklin, Wisconsin (2001) 1 game in US Open Cup
- McCully Field; Wheaton, Illinois (2001) 1 game in US Open Cup
- Shea Stadium, Peoria, Illinois (2008, 2011) 2 games in US Open Cup Qualifying
Club culture[edit]
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (January 2012)
There is a noteworthy fan culture for the Fire, existing from the date the club was founded, and building on an enthusiasm throughout Chicago sports. At matches, supporters and ultras groups occupy a standing area directly behind the north goal, in the Harlem End of Toyota Park. This area is referred to as Section 8, originating from the numbering of the corresponding section at Soldier Field and the American military designation of mentally unfit soldiers.[citation needed] Section 8 Chicago, the Independent Supporters' Association for the Fire, oversees the activities of these numerous groups. While incorporating a worldwide variety of styles with a Chicago bent, groups as part of Section 8 generally fall under the ultras designation. Additionally, an associated spinoff group called "Sector Latino" congregates in Section 101 at the stadium's South end. The Section 8 Chicago ISA,[clarification needed] an umbrella organization for all Fire fans, is a non-profit organization recognized by the state of Illinois.[citation needed]
Match atmosphere is known for organized displays of stadium-wide support, particularly for matches of prime competitive importance. Call-and-response cheering amongst the crowd is commonplace. Fans at Toyota Park for Fire matches periodically choreograph tifo presentations both to show their pride and inspire the players on the field. Toyota Park remains one of the few American environments to conduct such fan-driven presentations on a large scale.
Their official mascot is Sparky, an anthropomorphic Dalmatian dog. Sparky is usually shown wearing the club's jersey but also arrives wearing firefighter attire.[31]
While the Fire have heated rivalries with a number of different MLS teams, Fire supporters of different ages will likely give different responses as to who the club's main rival is. The earliest Fire supporters would list Brimstone Cup rival FC Dallas as the Fire's nemesis, or Los Angeles Galaxy following heated playoff and cup matches with Dallas and L.A. in the league's early years.
After the Fire moved to the Eastern Conference, meetings with Dallas and LA became less frequent. Rivalries with DC United and New England Revolution were stoked following several thrilling playoff meetings. The Fire and Revolution are MLS' most frequent playoff matchup, meeting in the MLS Cup Playoffs 8 different times in 10 seasons from 2000 to 2009, splitting those encounters 4-4, with the Fire winning in 2000, 2003, 2008, and 2009. New England ended the Fire's playoff runs in 2002, 2005, 2006, and 2007. Newer rivals include Columbus Crew, who are the closest MLS team geographically to the Fire, and New York Red Bulls following the departure of former Fire head coach Juan Carlos Osorio to New York in 2007.
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (February 2015)
During the 2012 season matches were televised locally by NBC Chicago Nonstop, channel 5.2., with eight games on Comcast SportsNet Chicago and one on WMAQ-TV. For the 2013 season, WPWR-TV will be the official television broadcast partner of the Chicago Fire with up to 23 of the Fire's matches being shown live on My50 Chicago. Dan P. Kelly and Kevin Egan will be the broadcast team. In 2013, matches were simulcast on radio by WLEY-FM. The radio announcer is Oscar Guzman. Select matches are also nationally broadcast on ESPN, ESPN2, UniMas, NBC Sports Network, or Univision via the league's television agreements.
In 2015, the Chicago Fire and Comcast SportsNet Chicago agreed to a three-year deal, which includes 21 regular season and postseason matches for 2015.
Players and staff[edit]
- For details on former players, see All-time Chicago Fire roster.
Current roster[edit]
Where a player has not declared an international allegiance, nation is determined by place of birth. Squad correct as of July 27, 2015.[32]
Out on loan[edit]
|Kann, AlecAlec Kann (on loan to Saint Louis FC)
|United States
Head coaches[edit]
- Bob Bradley (October 30, 1997 – October 5, 2002)
- Dave Sarachan (November 4, 2002 – June 20, 2007)
- Juan Carlos Osorio (July 1, 2007 – December 10, 2007)
- Denis Hamlett (January 11, 2008 – November 24, 2009)
- Carlos de los Cobos (January 1, 2010 – May 30, 2011)
- Frank Klopas (May 30, 2011 – October 30, 2013)
- Frank Yallop (October 31, 2013–present)
Club presidents[edit]
- Robert Sanderman (1997–00)
- Peter Wilt (2001–05)
- John Guppy (2005–08)
- Javier León (2008), (2010) (both interim)
- Dave Greeley (2008–10)
- Julian Posada (2010–12)
Vice presidents[edit]
- Logan Pause (November 3, 2014–present)[33]
General Managers[edit]
- Peter Wilt (1997–05)
Technical Directors[edit]
- Frank Klopas (2008–11)
- Brian Bliss (December 6, 2013–)[34]
Directors of Player Personnel[edit]
- Mike Jeffries (2010–12)[35]
Assistant Coaches[edit]
- Denis Hamlett (1998–07)
- Mike Jeffries (1998–00, 2008–09)
- Frank Klopas (2000)
- Daryl Shore (2000–09)
- Tom Soehn (2001–03)
- Craig Reynolds (2004–07)
- Chris Armas (2008–09)
- Alvaro Briones (2010)
- Larry Sunderland (2010–11)
- Mike Matkovich (2009–10, 2012–November 4, 2013)
- Leo Percovich (2011–November 4, 2013)
- Aron Hyde (2010–present)
- C. J. Brown (December 11, 2013 – December 1, 2014)[36]
- Clint Mathis (January 31, 2014–present)[37]
- Marc Bircham (February 6, 2015–present)[38]
Team Physicians[edit]
- Dr. Preston Wolin (1998–08)
- Dr. Gilberto Muñoz (1999–15)
- Dr. Jeffrey Mjaanes, M.D. (2015– )
- Dr. Joshua Blomgren, D.O. (2015– )
Ring of Fire[edit]
The "Ring of Fire" was established in 2003 by Chicago Fire Soccer Club and the Chicago Fire Alumni Association as permanent tribute to honor those who have made the club proud and successful over its history. Aside from the initial member Piotr Nowak, only "Ring of Fire" members can select new inductees, and no more than one can be selected any year. Names and numbers (if applicable) are prominently displayed inside Toyota Park.
There were no inductees in 2008, 2010, or 2011. In 2008, the members voted to honor two recently deceased fans (supporter leaders Dan Parry and Brandon Kitchens) but were overruled by the club chairman Andrew Hauptman.[39] Parry and Kitchens were later made members of the Wall of Honor, a special recognition for Fire fans. In addition to Parry and Kitchens, the late Fire fans Euan McLean and Al Hack have been inducted into the Wall of Honor as of 2011.[40] C.J. Brown was expected to be honored in 2011, but a new rule was established that inductees must have been away from the club for at least a calendar year.[41] Brown, at the time an assistant head coach at Real Salt Lake, was officially inducted at the halftime ceremony during the home game vs. Real Salt Lake in Toyota Park on May 9, 2012.[42][43]
- 10 Piotr Nowak (inducted 2003)
- 41 Frank Klopas (inducted 2004)
- 5 Luboš Kubík (inducted 2005)
- Former general manager and club president Peter Wilt (inducted 2006)
- Former head coach Bob Bradley (inducted 2007)
- 14 Chris Armas (inducted 2009)
- 2 C.J. Brown (inducted 2012)
- MLS Cup
- Winners: 1998
- Supporters' Shield
- Winners: 2003
- Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup
- MLS Eastern Conference
- Winners (Playoff): 2003
- Winners (Regular Season): 2003
- MLS Western Conference
- Winners (Playoff): 1998
- MLS Central Division
- Winners (Regular Season) (2): 2000, 2001
- North American SuperLiga
- Runners-up: 2009
- Minor Trophies
- Brimstone Cup (6): 1998, 2000, 2001, 2012, 2013, 2014
- Carolina Challenge Cup: 2013
- Desert Diamond Cup: 2014
- MLS Team Fair Play Award: 2009
|Regular Season
|MLS Cup Playoffs
|U.S. Open Cup
Champions League
|2nd West, 3rd overall
|Won Conference Semi-finals (Colorado Rapids 2-0)
Won Conference Finals (Los Angeles 2-0)
Won MLS Cup (D.C. United 2-0)
|Did not qualify
|3rd West, 4th overall
|Lost Conference Semi-finals (Dallas Burn 1-2)
|Round of 16
|3rd place
|1st Central, 2nd overall
|Won Quarterfinals (New England Revolution 2-1)
Won Semi-finals (New York Red Bulls 2-1)
Lost MLS Cup (Kansas City Wizards 0-1)
|Did not qualify
|1st Central, 2nd overall
|Won Quarterfinals (Dallas Burn 2-1)
Lost Semi-finals (Los Angeles Galaxy 1-2)
|Not held
|3rd East, 7th overall
|Lost Conference Semi-finals (New England Revolution 1-2)
|Round of 16
|1st East, 1st overall
Won Supporters' Shield
|Won Conference Semi-finals (D.C. United 4-0)
Won Conference Finals (New England Revolution 1-0)
Lost MLS Cup (San Jose Earthquakes 2-4)
|Did not qualify
|5th East, 10th overall
|Did not qualify
|3rd East, 4th overall
|Won Conference Semi-finals (D.C. United 4-0)
Lost Conference Finals (New England Revolution 0-1)
|Did not qualify
|3rd East, 4th overall
|Lost Conference Semi-finals (New England Revolution 2-4)
|Did not qualify
|4th East, 7th overall
|Won Conference Semi-finals (D.C. United 3-2)
Lost Conference Finals (New England Revolution 0-1)
|Round of 16
|Did not qualify
|2nd East, 3rd overall
|Won Conference Semi-finals (New England Revolution 3-0)
Lost Conference Finals (Columbus Crew 1-2)
|Did not qualify
|2nd East, 5th overall
|Won Conference Semi-finals (New England Revolution 3-2)
Lost Conference Finals (Real Salt Lake 4-5)
|Round of 16
|Did not qualify
|4th East, 10th overall
|Did not qualify
|Round of 16
|Did not qualify
|6th East, 11th overall
|Did not qualify
|Did not qualify
|4th East, 6th overall
|Lost Knockout Round (Houston Dynamo 1-2)
|Round of 32
|Did not qualify
|6th East, 12th overall
|Did not qualify
|Did not qualify
|9th East, 15th overall
|Did not qualify
|Did not qualify
Source: MLSsoccer.com
Club records[edit]
|Parts of this article (those related to Club records) are outdated. (October 2013)
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (October 2013)
- Games: C.J. Brown, 296
- Goals: Ante Razov, 76
- Assists: Piotr Nowak, 48
- Shutouts: Zach Thornton, 57
- Minutes Played: CJ Brown 25,738
MLS regular season only, through 2011
- All-Time regular season record: 185–146–98
International Results[edit]
- International Tournaments
|1999 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
|3rd Place Match
|2002 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
|2004 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
|2009 North American SuperLiga
|2010 Sister Cities International Cup
|Group stage
|2010 North American SuperLiga
|Group stage
- Top 10 CONCACAF Finishes
|Final CONCACAF Ranking
- Draws
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|L.D. Alajuelense
|Costa Rica
|Deportivo Toluca
|Celtic F.C.
|Wisła Kraków
|North American SuperLiga
|Tigres UANL
|Santos Laguna
|Norwich City
|Simple Invitational
- Wins
|Pumas UNAM
|Legia Warsaw
|Derby County F.C.
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|Joe Public F.C.
|Trinidad and Tobago
|Hamburger SV
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|C.S.D. Municipal
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|C.S.D. Municipal
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|Monarcas Morelia
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|San Juan Jabloteh
|Trinidad and Tobago
|CONCACAF Champions Cup
|Deportivo Saprissa
|Costa Rica
|KS Cracovia
|North American SuperLiga
|San Luis F.C.
|North American SuperLiga
|Pumas UNAM
|Real España
|Desert Diamond Cup
|Chivas Rayadas de Guadalajara
|Queens Park Rangers
Team awards[edit]
|Team MVP
|Golden Boot*
|Defender of the Year
|Piotr Nowak
|Ante Razov
|Luboš Kubík
|Luboš Kubík
|Ante Razov
|Luboš Kubík
|Piotr Nowak
|Ante Razov
|Carlos Bocanegra
|Piotr Nowak
|Eric Wynalda
|Zach Thornton
|Zach Thornton
|Ante Razov
|Zach Thornton
|Chris Armas
|Ante Razov
|Carlos Bocanegra
|Henry Ring
|Damani Ralph
|Jim Curtin
|Ivan Guerrero
|Chris Rolfe
|Ivan Guerrero
|Andy Herron
|Andy Herron
|CJ Brown
|Cuauhtémoc Blanco
|Chad Barrett
|Gonzalo Segares
|Jon Busch
|Chris Rolfe
|Bakary Soumare
|Brian McBride
|Brian McBride
|Wilman Conde
|Logan Pause
|Marco Pappa
|CJ Brown
|Dominic Oduro
|Dominic Oduro
|Cory Gibbs
|Chris Rolfe
|Chris Rolfe
|Arne Friedrich
|Mike Magee
|Mike Magee
|Sean Johnson
|Sean Johnson
|Quincy Amarikwa
|Sean Johnson
Source: http://www.chicago-fire.com/history/honors
*Golden Boot is the team leader in goals (regular season games only).
Average attendance[edit]
- Regular season/Play-offs
- 1998: 17,887/22,677
- 1999: 16,016/8,197
- 2000: 13,387/8,431
- 2001: 16,388/11,239
- 2002: 12,922/9,434
- 2003: 14,005/14,961
- 2004: 17,153/missed playoffs
- 2005: 17,238/11,493
- 2006: 14,088/10,217
- 2007: 16,490/17,834
- 2008: 17,034/17,312
- 2009: 14,689/21,626
- 2010: 15,814/missed playoffs
- 2011: 14,553/missed playoffs
- 2012: 16,407/10,923
- 2013: 15,228[44]/missed playoffs
- 2014: 16,076/missed playoffs
|This section does not cite any references or sources. (July 2015)
- Saint Louis FC – United Soccer League (3rd division)
- Chicago Fire U-23 – Premier Development League (4th division)
- Chicago Fire NPSL – National Premier Soccer League (4th division)
- Chicago Fire Academy – U14, U16 & U18 Teams in U.S. Soccer Development Academy; Statewide (U11 to U18 fully funded youth academy teams)
- Chicago Fire Juniors – Local (U8 to U23 Youth Club) with three Chicago branches; satellite clubs in Indiana, Louisville (Kentucky), Florida, Michigan, Louisiana, and Mississippi.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Club History". chicago-fire.com.
- ^ "Fire Fire Peter Wilt, Fans Protest". chicagoist.com. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "Hauptman to Purchase Chicago Fire". Thesportsbizblog.blogspot.com. July 12, 2007. Retrieved December 3, 2011.
- ^ "The owner that won't let go". soccerbyives.net.
- ^ "Fire sack Hamlett". fifa.com.
- ^ "Monday Kickaround". washingtonpost.com.
- ^ "Fire, CLDC Part Ways".
- ^ "Fire reacquire forward Chris Rolfe".
- ^ "Fire Announce 2012 Team Award Winners".
- ^ "2012 Regular Season Standings".
- ^ "2013 M.L.S. Preview: Eastern Conference".
- ^ Bell, Jack; Das, Andrew (February 28, 2013). "2013 M.L.S. Preview: Eastern Conference". The New York Times.
- ^ "Union trade Bakary Soumaré to Chicago Fire". May 23, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
- ^ McCarthy, Jack (May 25, 2013). "Magee trade for Rogers confirmed, expected to join Fire Monday". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Defender Arne Friedrich Announces Retirement". chicago-fire.com. June 23, 2013. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
- ^ "Chicago Fire coach Frank Klopas raves about new DP Arevalo Rios: "This guy's a world-class player"". MLSsoccer.com. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Soccer Club President of Soccer Operations Javier Leon and Head Coach Frank Klopas To Step Down". chicago-fire.com. October 30, 2013.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Names Frank Yallop as New Head Coach and Director of Soccer". chicago-fire.com. October 31, 2013.
- ^ "Marco Di Vaio, Robbie Keane & Mike Magee vie for Volkswagen MVP as MLS reveals award finalists". mlssoccer.com. November 20, 2013.
- ^ "Chicago Fire forward Mike Magee voted 2013 Volkswagen MLS Most Valuable Player". mlssoccer.com. December 5, 2013.
- ^ "RELEASE: Chicago Fire Forward Mike Magee Wins 2013 Volkswagen MLS Most Valuable Player Award". chicago-fire.com. December 5, 2013.
- ^ "Chicago Fire name longtime Columbus Crew fixture Brian Bliss as new technical director". MLSsoccer.com. December 6, 2013.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Soccer Club Adds Clint Mathis to Coaching Staff". Chicago-Fire.com. January 31, 2014.
- ^ "RELEASE: Chicago Fire Soccer Club Names C.J. Brown Assistant Coach". chicago-fire.com. December 11, 2013.
- ^ "Brian McBride rejoins Fire – as an assistant". Chicago Tribune. May 28, 2014.
- ^ "Chicago Fire trade Chris Rolfe to DC United for allocation money". MLSsoccer.com. April 2, 2014.
- ^ "Chicago Fire deal ironman defender, 2012 Rookie of the Year Austin Berry to Philadelphia Union". February 24, 2014.
- ^ DeSimone, Bonnie. "Name Game Ends: It's Fire," Chicago Tribune, Thursday, October 9, 1997.
- ^ "Chicago Fire". Adrenalin, Inc. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- ^ "Sparky". Retrieved January 16, 2012.
- ^ "Chicago Fire official roster". chicago-fire.com.
- ^ "The Legend Continues: Logan Pause named Vice President of Chicago Fire Soccer Club". chicago-fire.com. November 3, 2014.
- ^ "RELEASE: Chicago Fire appoints Brian Bliss Technical Director". chicago-fire.com. December 6, 2013.
- ^ "Technical Staff". Chicago Fire. Retrieved May 25, 2013.
- ^ "New York City FC Adds CJ Brown to Coaching Staff". nycfc.com. December 1, 2014.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Soccer Club Adds Clint Mathis to Coaching Staff". chicago-fire.com. January 31, 2014.
- ^ "Chicago Fire Announce Two Additions to Technical Staff". Chicago Fire. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "Wall of Honor". Chicago Fire SC. Retrieved September 30, 2012.
- ^ Guillermo Rivera (June 6, 2011). "CJ Brown Will Have To Wait | Chicago Fire Confidential". Chicagonow.com. Retrieved December 3, 2011.
- ^ "Brown returns to Chicago for "Ring of Fire" induction". chicago-fire.com. May 9, 2012.
- ^ "CJ Brown: Fire Legend, Ring of Fire Inductee". May 10, 2012.
- ^ "2013 MLS Standings and Leaders" (PDF). MLS Soccer. Retrieved October 31, 2013. page 4
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chicago Fire.


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Two goals from Luis Silva lifted DC United to a 4-2 Major League Soccer triumph over the Colorado Rapids at RFK Stadium on Sunday.
Silva opened the scoring with a delightful chip on 13 minutes and, after Dillon Serna's stunning 30-yard volleyed equaliser, bagged a second midway through the second half to restore the hosts' lead.
Chris Rolfe's low effort extended their advantage in the 81st minute and Fabian Espindola blasted home five minutes later to open up a three-goal cushion, ensuring Deshorn Brown's stoppage-time header was scant consolation for the visitors.

subset: commoncrawl


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Farm to School
Farm to School links schools and local farms with the goals of serving healthy meals in school, improve student food options, educate students, and support local and regional farmers.
Benefits of a Farm to School program
- More fresh foods on the school menu
- Kids learn about where their food comes from and what it looks like when it is grown
- More students take part in the school meal program
- Fresher food tastes better
- Decreased food miles
- Money is put back into Ohio's economy
Farm to School Programs in Cuyahoga County
South Euclid-Lyndhurst School District
How do we become a Farm to School District?
- Form a group of people who would like to see more fresh foods on the school menu
- Gather information to support a program
- Meet with other programs
- Make a plan
Success Story from the South Euclid-Lyndhurst City School District
From Farm to School: Changing Eating Habits One Plate at a Time
Final 2011-12 SEL Farm to School Report
Watch the "Farm to Fork" video
Tips for Using Locally Grown Products Safely
Using Products in School Cafeterias and Buildings
Contact Information
If you would like help with starting a Farm to School program, please call 216-201-2000 ext. 1513 or ext. 1544 for more information.


text:
To embed, copy and paste the code into your website or blog:
This year has seen more momentum for CEQA reform than in many previous years. California's economy has placed a spotlight on the burdens that environmental regulations and litigation, particularly CEQA litigation, impose on business activities. This update summarizes the most viable current CEQA reform bills pending in the Legislature and a potentially more effective reform proposal that has not yet been introduced.
CEQA's burdens on business activities come in two main types. The first is simply the regulatory cost and delay caused by compulsory study of a long list of environmental topic areas (air quality, biology, etc.), even in situations where the project causes no adverse effects, and in situations where many of those topic areas already have been studied and regulated. The second type is CEQA litigation. It is relatively cheap to pursue a CEQA litigation challenge to project approvals, and it is also relatively easy to win a CEQA challenge, because of the very low evidentiary standard in CEQA cases. When a Negative Declaration is used for CEQA compliance, as is most often the case, project opponents will win if they can show that there is merely a "fair argument" that CEQA compliance findings are not supported by substantial evidence. In all other types of administrative writ litigation, petitioners face the substantially more difficult task of showing that there is in fact no substantial evidence supporting the Lead Agency's approval findings.
Between the two types of CEQA burdens, abuse of litigation is the least difficult to justify, and the easiest to fix. The two main CEQA reform bills in the Legislature, however, address mainly the burden of excessive environmental analysis, by exempting certain topic areas from repetitive study.
SB 731 (Steinberg, D- Sacramento) is fairly modest. It would allow EIR's and Negative Declarations to omit study of certain environmental topic areas (noise, traffic, aesthetics, etc.) if a project did not exceed specified statewide impact standards. On the positive side, SB 731 would allow shorter, cheaper CEQA compliance documents in many instances. On the negative side, it requires qualifying projects to comply with new regulations favoring renewable energy projects, infill development, transit, bicycle and similar "green" projects.
SB 787 (Berryhill, D- Modesto) reprises a more aggressive reform proposal, supported by the Silicon Valley Leadership Group*, among others. This approach would reduce both regulatory burdens and litigation burdens. It would omit the need for analysis of environmental impacts when they can be shown to comply with existing state and federal limits on pollution, emissions, wetland fill, etc., and it would prohibit CEQA litigation contesting Lead Agencies' determinations that compliance with existing regulatory standards will adequately mitigate projects' adverse environmental impacts.
A third pending CEQA reform bill merely tries to make CEQA litigation more efficient, by allowing Lead Agencies to prepare the administrative record simultaneously with a project's CEQA compliance documents. SB 617 (Evans, D- Santa Rosa) would save time by making these processes coincide, but the additional early expense of preparing an administrative record would be justified only where a litigation challenge is certain. SB 617 also would require additional environmental analysis, by reversing a line of cases which exempted from CEQA study "impacts of the environment on the project," that is, the effects of locating a project in a sensitive location, as opposed to "impacts of the project on the environment," CEQA's primary focus. See Ballona Wetlands Land Trust v. City of Los Angeles (2nd Dist. 2011) 201 Cal App 4th 455.
Analysis of extensive environmental topic areas, while it can be burdensome, at least offers useful information to the public and local decision-makers. A CEQA reform measure that strikes narrowly at litigation abuse, though, would not reduce the environmental information base on which projects get evaluated; it would only place CEQA litigation on the same footing—the same evidentiary standard—as all other administrative writ litigation. Every threat of a CEQA challenge is a threat of a 1-2 year delay and at least a $250,000 litigation defense cost. Amendment of Public Resources Code Sec. 21082.2, for example, to overturn the line of appellate court cases that imposed the "fair argument" evidentiary standard, would eliminate the significant litigation advantage that CEQA project opponents now enjoy. The "fair argument" evidentiary standard was invented by the courts in the early days of CEQA, in order to encourage litigation as a means of policing CEQA compliance statewide. See Friends of "B" Street v. Hayward (1980) 106 Cal App 998. Those days are past, and restoring the litigation balance between CEQA opponents and defenders in a difficult economy could substantially reduce the instances of CEQA litigation abuse, without reducing the public information base on which CEQA decisions are made. Eliminating the "fair argument" evidentiary standard would be the most effective amendment to any of the foregoing bills, as they move through the legislative process.
See more »
DISCLAIMER: Because of the generality of this update, the information provided herein may not be applicable in all situations and should not be acted upon without specific legal advice based on particular situations.
© Hopkins & Carley
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A Paper Theater Brought to Life With Light Projection. The Ice Book By Davy McGuire.
Davy McGuire is a director of film, theater and video art. He creates productions for stage, screen and exhibition spaces that blend elements of film, animation, theatre, puppetry, installation art and good old-fashioned illusions.
His latest piece, created with choreographer and dancer wife Kristin, uses light projection on a series of small paper cut out pop-ups combined with film projection and animation for a hauntingly beautiful effect.
The Ice Book is the story of a princess who lures a boy into the forest in order to warm her heart of ice.
His showreel:
Davy McGuire
via W&LeCie via NOTCOT
Posted by laura sweet at 12:00 AM
Labels: animated films, animation, cut paper art, cut paper trees, film, fine art, paper art, paper crafts, short film, video
1 comments:
- steve said...
I missed the chance to see the Ice Book being performed live. I'm still kicking myself...
- Monday, February 07, 2011
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)
The images, text and information by laura sweet on this site are licensed and protected under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. If you reproduce or re-purpose, be sure to credit this blog and link back to the post. Thanks.


text:
Prime Property
Blogging Houston real estate with Nancy Sarnoff and the Houston Chronicle real estate team.
Posts filtered on Tag
Jones Lang LaSalle acquires Houston real estate firm
Chicago-based Jones Lang LaSalle announced Monday that it has acquired Means Knaus Partners, a Houston-based property management company with a 16 million-square-foot commercial real estate portfolio. Founded as a private real estate investment and management company in 1998 by Steve Means and Doug Knaus, Means Knaus manages 80 properties in Houston, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Los Angeles, […] [Read More]


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suggestion - yeah another one....
how about a buying guide? not a gear review, not a comparison between brands and such or anything like that. just a simple (yet not so simple) list fo factors to help people decide what to look for..
drum kits
how wood density effects sound hard vs soft vs brass vs. steel and so on
construction, ply vs stave vs solid
factors on diam. vs. depth
b8 vs b20, hand hammered vs pressed
single vs double ply, vented, muffled, clear, coated
you get the idea
take out all the subjective "sounds better, brand stuff" and just the actual facts of what certain things do and how they effect sound. i replaced my snare heads today and i went searching for info on what to look for and the vast majority of the posts are what people like and preffer and not a lot of facts about the different properties of heads. granted there were some things scattered here and there but i ended up spending over a week searching and scrolling just to find out what type of head i wanted to try. just thought it would be good if there was one article to read that covered all the variables to help people understand how everything worked rather then millions of posts.
edit: knowing the people on here there probably is one somewhere and my little pea brain just didn't see it.....
Re: suggestion - yeah another one....
Basically this site is just that. It takes a lot of reading and time, but almost anything made in the past 5 years has had some type of review. Check the Drum, Cymbal, Heads and Sticks, and Other sections and you will find almost anything you need. As I said it will take some time but after all that is what makes this place both fun and informative.
Re: suggestion - yeah another one....
You are in the greatest drumming file, log book...of ever!
Re: suggestion - yeah another one....
The biggest problem I see with gear questions on the forum are the ones that start off with, "What is the best.........." Fill in the blank. I try to ignore those because you get 25 answers that are mostly opinion and since we don't know the person and their taste, or their budget, those questions are all but impossible to answer.
Re: suggestion - yeah another one....
That would be great, many hours i have spent searching the web for these answers, why not put them in one easy to find place.
Re: suggestion - yeah another one....
then again it could also be very educational to those of use who really don't understand how all these different factors relate in the end. i would read that article just for the sake of learning rather i had a specific question or not. maybe it doesn't have to be a buying guide, just an article on how everything contributes to a drums sound.
i agree this site has got just about everything you could ever need in one place or another and it's basically became my encyclopedia for anything i wanna know about drums, but i would like to be able to find what i want quicker, easier and get back to fun stuff like drooling over other people's kits.
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Luke finds his dream machine, an automatic book scanner from Ion Audio.
HackCollege is the only show for and by college students. The HackCollege Show is a supplement to the blog.
Discover the best in original web series.
© 2014 Blip Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Blip is part of Maker Studios


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Updated: 06/13/2013 12:32 PM KSTP.com By: Maricella Miranda
Photo: KSTP File Photo
The White House says President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden will meet Thursday with relatives of the victims of the Connecticut school shooting.
Friday marks six months since the shooting that killed 20 first-graders and six educators at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn.
The shooting sparked new calls for Congress to limit access to guns. Some of the victims' families are in Washington this week lobbying lawmakers for action.
Obama spokesman Jay Carney says the White House commends the families' courage and determination to push for legislation to reduce gun violence. Legislation to expand background checks for gun buyers failed in the Senate in April.
Biden plans to hold a gun control event at the White House on Tuesday.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


text:
Below is the poem entitled Yes I Do which was written by poet
Oyewole. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Abdulhafeez Oyewole
Ubangiji can testify to it
My full heart riding for full fan of it
Who is Agbani Daredgo ere Miss World?
You are an incomparable better world.
After delve task; I receive your humour
Which not but a licence I call favour
I wish you trust my candid opinion
I will brief my proposal for union.
I know it will bring an Atlantic cough
But truly I cannot fathom its tough
For true desire should rejuvenate
Your mere passion for finite soul mate
How I wish you dance to the tone I do
I would have come to you for yes I do.


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The demon core: A scary story of sloppy science from the Manhattan Project
- By Sebastian Anthony on August 20, 2014 at 1:41 pm
- Comment
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Why is it called the demon core?
Believe it or not, there was actually another incident the year before — on August 21, 1945 — just a few days after Japan's surrender. Again while researching criticality, physicist Harry Daghlian was placing tungsten carbide bricks around the demon core (pictured below). Like beryllium, tungsten carbide is a neutron reflector. The idea was to gradually place bricks around the core, while using a scintillation counter to judge its criticality.
Unfortunately, Daghlian slipped and dropped a brick on top of the core, causing it to go critical. He removed the brick and stopped the reaction, but not before he'd absorbed some 200 rad of radiation. Daghlian died 25 days later of acute radiation syndrome — and the guard who was standing outside the room died of cancer 33 years later. The only upshot is that Daghlian was working on his own in the lab, otherwise the demon core would've claimed even more lives.
Shortly after Slotin's death, and possibly due to growing discomfort among the scientists at Los Alamos, the demon core was detonated as part of the Operation Crossroads nuclear weapon tests. The core, which had been fashioned into a bomb called Gilda, detonated as expected with a yield of around 23 kilotons of TNT — comparable to Fat Man's yield of 21 kt over Nagasaki. Gilda was detonated above the disused battleship USS Nevada — to see if nuclear bombs were an effective way of sinking ships — but the bomb (somehow) missed its target by half a mile.
As you can see in the image below of Gilda's detonation, there doesn't seem to be any of the usual signs of an excised demon; no purple swirls of smoke, no spooky apparition of a skull materializing out of the smoky debris. It's just a normal mushroom cloud.
And thus ends the story of the demon core. Next time, we'll discuss Los Alamos' subsequent, even crazier invention: The world-destroying thermonuclear hydrogen fusion bomb.
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Helo Crepaldi
"The third core… well, the third core was going to be dropped on Japan, but the country's surrender got in the way. " Did you forget about Hiroshima?
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Read the story – Hiroshima used a gun-type nuclear bomb with uranium as the fissile material.
Alexander Nordenson
I hate to say it since this contributed a lot to nuclear science, but the people claimed by the Demon Core all won the Darwin Awards.
Darwin Awards are given out to people who should have known better. These guys were on the cutting edge of a new type of science, and didn't know better.
Jeff Vahrenkamp
na, Using a screw driver to control to prevent a mass of plutonium from going critical definitely deserved a darwin award. Slotin had more than enough knowledge to know that if he screwed up it would end badly (Hence the name tickling the dragons tail).
Did he know the amount of radiation that would have been released upon his fuckup? If so, I'll concede. If not, I won't.
Jeff Vahrenkamp
considering that a slightly different version of the same experiment went awry only a year earlier (read page two of the story), he absolutely knew the risks.
Are we sure he did know? Given the incredible levels of security I wouldn't be surprised if the mother of the guy who died he year before didn't even know.
You're a scientist, working on the key component of a nuclear bomb, and you know that in order for it to work, you have to concentrate enough neutrons in the core to cause supercriticality.
At what point in that thought process would you NOT think "hmm, performing an experiment which could bring the core to supercriticality while standing right in front of it might be a little unsafe"?!
But we do realize that's speculation, right? Did they all know for sure what the human effects of exposure to neutrons were, as opposed to Uranium's exposure to it? It's one thing to know for sure the information was there, and it's another to make assumptions and hand out Darwin Awards to scientists who are in a cutting edge science and who smarter than you and your hindsight.
Alexander Nordenson
Considering that ionizing radiation was coined and discovered by the joint effort of Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel in 1903, they DEFINITELY knew what it was and what it could do to them. They just didn't care.
Not too bright are you?
I love mushroom clouds.
Glenn Scott
"As you can see in the image
below of Gilda's detonation, there doesn't seem to be any of the usual
signs of an excised demon; no purple swirls of smoke, no spooky
apparition of a skull materializing out of the smoky debris. It's just a
normal mushroom cloud."
I disagree! If you look at the top right of the cloud, it plainly looks like that guy who played that part in that scary movie!
Now I'm actually seeing things in that cloud. Thanks a lot.
The top part kind of looks like the head of E.T. seen from the side…
mori bund
The two bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki killed 80.000 civilians (incl. women and children) – not counting the 1000s of innocent people that died in the following years.
That makes it one of the biggest war crimes in human history – but of course the way history is written is always dictated by the winner…
In WWII civilian casualties were considered acceptable. Look at how many civilians were killed in the mass bombings by both sides.
If the two bombs were not dropped on Japan then the war would have dragged out for months and maybe years with a lot more dead than the 180,000 – 300,000 that died as a result of the bombs.
Ivor O'Connor
Uh huh. I think the president at the time was Eisenhower. [Edit: Eisenhower later became president, he was at the time "Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe".] Did he not say "Japan was already defeated and dropping the bomb was completely unnecessary." Or maybe you just can't come to terms with what we did for economic reasons?
Truman was the president at the time the bombs were used. I've heard may people say they felt the Japanese were ready to surrender, but point in fact is that they were not surrendering. Even after the first bomb was dropped they did not surrender.
The Japanese are a very proud people and at the time took surrender as a shameful act which is proven out by the isolated individuals who carried out the war for years and would not believe that Japan had surrendered.
I've never seen any credible evidence that Japan was on the verge of surrendering, but if you have some I'd love to see it.
http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/ neil from canada
You are correct. The Japanese surrendered when they heard the Russians had just entered their theater of war.
I am sure it had nothing to do with the two nuclear weapons that hit their cities days before…
Vincent Sisk
You just might be correct, as JD said, "civilian casualties were considered acceptable," it wasn't until they realized the Russians were going to be on their side that they surrendered. Check out this article from the Boston Globe detailing research on the topic: http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2011/08/07/why_did_japan_surrender/?page=1
The Russians? You mean those guys who captured Berlin and defeated Hitler, while the Americans took all the credit?
Yeah the same Russia that lost a 1/5th of its population (more than all the other countries put together) by sending 'soldiers' over the front line without guns or boots and shooting them if they retreated. They had less respect for life than the Germans and you think that somehow deserves credit?
not really true. While the Russians did lose the most, China was actually a close second. We tend to forget China, since it wasn't much of a factor in the war, but the death toll was horrendous. Hence why China today still has issues with Japan.
A coincidence that they both had communist ideologies and lost the most people?
really not many people around who have actually read a history book…. Fox News is not a source for historical information.
China was not a Communist country until 1949. WWII was over in 1945. There is little doubt but that one big reason the Communist were able to take over in the first place was because of the Japanese and the vacuum in power left after the war.
China did not have Communist ruling party until 1949 you mean, Russia had been melding in its affairs 20 years prior to that. Plus the dynasty era bears many resemblances to a communist regime; subjugation etc… that's thousands of years of conditioning right there.
So really you are arguing that China looked after it's soldiers like the Germans did and didn't treat them as numbers like the Russians. Or was is that the Japanese were really good at killing?
I've heard Fox News is that channel that dumb Americans feed off? That's an assumption too far for you I'm afraid.
You're afraid? that figures.
Germany looked after it's soldiers by feeding them into a meat grinder in not one, but two world wars.
That's why only 4.5million of them died of course.
Yeah the Americans who halted Patton's taking of Berlin to allow the Russians to satisfy their bloodlust. The American 3rd Army could have taken the city a full day before it was by the Russians and it would have been taken much easier. Civilians were raped, murdered and tortured and would have gladly surrendered to the Americans.
Yalta Conference (February 1945) Russia agreed to attack Japan in august. July allies ask for Japan's surrender. Japan did not refuse surrender. They refused UNCONDITIONAL surrender. The seeds to the Cold War began during ww2 not after. There are many reasons the bombs where dropped. One of which was to keep Japan as one country and halt the spread of communism.
http://www3.sympatico.ca/n.rieck/ neil from canada
My point was this: it was the Soviet declaration of war on Japan that brought the WW2 to an end; not the bomb.
quote: The Soviet-Japanese War of 1945 began on August 9, 1945, with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchuko (comment: the soviets were still ticked off after loosing to Japan in 1905)
There's actually quite a bit. The main sticking point was guarantees for the safety of the Emperor (which were ultimately given). The US strategic bombing survey and the office of naval intelligence, in ignorance of the bombs, gave the Japanese a few month at most. Gar Alperovitz deals with this in depth in "The Decision to use the Atomic Bomb" (Randomhouse, 1995). We'll sourced he argues that it was down primarily to impress Stalin and notes that the figures for deaths from a physical invasion (if one was necessary, navy believed they could be starved into surrender within 6 months) were all basically pulled from Truman's ass and reasoned debate got overtaken by the start of the Cold War.
Interesting read even if you don't agree.
Ivor O'Connor
You insist on the k-12 politically correct version of history. The version our president tried to push on us.
Japan had lost its navy, its air force, and we had broken all their codes and were monitoring all communications. They could not even feed themselves or ship in supplies and had sued for peace. They were in a futile situation unable to respond to any of the carpet fire bombings we did and were hoping by looking for international peace settlements they would get the best deal.
It wasn't just Eisenhower who said the bombings were not needed. The Chief of Staff to the President publicly said it. Even Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Commander in Chief of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, reflected this reality when he wrote, "The Japanese had, in fact, already sued for peace.the atomic bomb played no decisive part, from a purely military point of view, in the defeat of Japan."
The real story you do not want to get is that we did not want a surrender like we got in Europe where half of Germany was split and other countries were completely in the hands of the Russians. So before the Russians could get there we planted two nuclear bombs on them for a "shock and awe" demonstration to get them to unconditionally surrender to us and also to make Russia back off.
It was an economic decision. It had absolutely nothing to do with saving lives. Unless you listened to the president at the time who found lies to make his actions politically correct to the weak minded…
Well thank goodness for Japan that it didn't get broken up between the US and Russia, I imagine 50 years under Communism would have been much more destructive to their health than a couple of nuclear bombs.
Ivor O'Connor
Point for you.
Here's an excerpt from a Wikipedia article.
"According to historian Richard B. Frank,
The intercepts of Japanese Imperial Army and Navy messages disclosed without exception that Japan's armed forces were determined to fight a final Armageddon battle in the homeland against an Allied invasion. The Japanese called this strategy Ketsu Go (Operation Decisive). It was founded on the premise that American morale was brittle and could be shattered by heavy losses in the initial invasion. American politicians would then gladly negotiate an end to the war far more generous than unconditional surrender.[51]
The U.S. Department of Energy's history of the Manhattan Project lends some credence to these claims, saying that military leaders in Japan
also hoped that if they could hold out until the ground invasion of Japan began, they would be able to inflict so many casualties on the Allies that Japan still might win some sort of negotiated settlement.[52]
While some members of the civilian leadership did use covert diplomatic channels to attempt peace negotiation, they could not negotiate surrender or even a cease-fire. Japan could legally enter into a peace agreement only with the unanimous support of the Japanese cabinet, and in the summer of 1945, the Japanese Supreme War Council, consisting of representatives of the Army, the Navy and the civilian government, could not reach a consensus on how to proceed.[50]
A political stalemate developed between the military and civilian leaders of Japan, the military increasingly determined to fight despite all costs and odds and the civilian leadership seeking a way to negotiate an end to the war. Further complicating the decision was the fact no cabinet could exist without the representative of the Imperial Japanese Army. This meant the Army or Navy could veto any decision by having its Minister resign, thus making them the most powerful posts on the SWC. In early August 1945, the cabinet was equally split between those who advocated an end to the war on one condition, the preservation of the kokutai, and those who insisted on three other conditions:[53]
1. Leave disarmament and demobilization to Imperial General Headquarters
2. No occupation of the Japanese Home Islands, Korea, or Formosa
3. Delegation to the Japanese government of the punishment of war criminals"
Read the full article it goes into great detail and covers both sides equally. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debate_over_the_atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki
Ivor O'Connor
So basically your historian says they were at an impasse on how to get the most out of their inevitable surrender. That's a known. What the historian say about Russia's impact? Russia was the 8,000lb guerrilla that was turning its attention rather quickly towards Japan in a hostile manner.
Would the Russians really have had the appetite for an offensive war at that point? It is one thing to defend your country and to destroy the army that invaded you, it's another to transport battle weary (and admittedly hardened) troops all the way to Japan to fight an aggressive war.
Ivor O'Connor
I don't think anybody doubted Russia's desire to gobble up more land. Their troops also knew what would happen to them if they didn't march. Nobody in the history of the human race has ever killed as many of his own countrymen as Stalin.
dude you didn't even know who the President was, but you are lecturing us on history. Give it a rest.
Truman made a call, bombs were dropped. Whatever, fewer people died in either atomic bomb drop than in the Tokyo or Dresden fire bombings, which used plain old napalm. But people ignore that because it doesn't fit into the evil nuclear bomb theme.
WWII was hell, over 100,000,000 people died. It was time to end it.
Ivor O'Connor
Dude, I left the error in on my first writing because I thought it was funny. Kind of like when you can't find your keys in your hand. I'm glad you got the fire bombing stats right. You just don't put it together and draw the right conclusions. Unless you've concluded the right conclusion is to say whatever is politically correct. In which case you should get over it and say what is right…
http://www.amazon.com/Kill-Media-Martial-Conspiracy-ebook/dp/B009063F5W/ref=tmm_kin_title_0?ie=UTF8&qid=1345573494&sr=1-2 jeffreyafriedberg
You are truly a f*cking IDIOT, Irving.
Ivor O'Connor
I wished that those who disagreed with me were more eloquent or intelligent so I could learn something.
LOL. Stupid American. Why dont you just admit you only care when white people are killed? A fucking racist country of slave owners that wouldnt even give equal rights to black soldiers that went to die for them, selling its retarded version of history as usual.
jealous much?
Great point, since America was the only country to ever have slaves.
Ivor O'Connor
I love how we used to kill any Japanese after the war that had participated in or even been present at a waterboarding session.
Denver Catboy
I'm pretty sure that today, nearly 70 years later, we don't have the insight to make the claims that you and others in this thread have made. But I do know what I've read.
Granted, you can call the information I read a case of 'history is written by the victor', which makes arguing with you pointless, but the common belief was that the Japanese would fight bitterly, 'to the last man' in spirit if not in letter, and the death toll would be significantly larger than the people that lost their lives in the two cities.
One estimate I read suggested that we were planning for a death toll in the millions, and had no estimates how many Japanese would die (and really didn't care). The Japanese mindset was death before dishonor, and we'd already had swarms of aircraft raining bombs down like rain (creating casualties that dwarfed the atomic raids…the only thing really exceptional about Hiroshima and Nagasaki was that it was one plane a piece that did them, and you couldn't distinguish them from recon flights). A Japanese soldier, interviewed right after Surrender, said that Japan would have fought to the last man. Many Japanese citizens believed that the Japanese Kami (Gods) watched over them and would allow the Japanese to prevail over American might even with the US knocking on their doorstep, and they were willing to exact bloody retribution for our invasion. To say they were at the doorstep of giving up? Well, if so, why did they meet the Potsdam Declaration (our warning to them to surrender or else, delivered just before the first bomb) get met with derision and dismissal (for reference, the Japanese Prime Minister at the time dismissed the US's demands, said it was almost not worth a response, and said that they'd hold us off with their newly increased airplane production). If they were ready to surrender, surely the PM would have said, "Sure, park your warship in the bay and we'll start talking."
No, that's not what happened, and what did happen was pretty indicative that they were going to bloody us as much as they could. Until we demonstrated that with a single aircraft and a single bomb, we could seriously damage a medium sized city, and _utterly obliterate_ a chunk of that city. Also, we demonstrated that not only were we able to eliminate vast chunks of their infrastructure, we were also willing to do so, including to targets we'd not touched before (Hiroshima, for reference, was selected because it had to this point not been touched by our bombing raids). Put those two together, and Japan had to realize that we were taking the gloves off, and Japan had nothing to answer our attacks with. If we wanted to reduce the Imperial Palace and all the history that represented to a hole in the ground, we could, and we could do it easily, and there was diddly squat the Japanese could do to stop us.
Then Russia wiped its hands together, turned around to Japan, and said, "Now it's YOUR turn." Then and only then did Japan finally go "It's over, we give up," and surrendered. Even then, they still insisted on conditions — the Emperor had to remain sovereign and unpunished, for instance.
So. Choice between dropping two bombs and kill roughly 200,000 people, and invading, seeing millions of American soldiers die and untold numbers of Japanese dead before it was over? I'm sorry, I would go with the bombs first.
PS: Look up on Hideki Tojo. This man was so invested in the belief that Japan made the right choices in WW2, he attempted suicide to avoid being arrested, and noted that he'd 'not apt to toady and flatter', but instead, tell the truth about his involvement in the war even if it cost him his life. The only thing he revered more than Japan and her glory was the Emperor — he shouldered the weight of responsibility for the war to ensure that Hirohito remained blameless and therefore remained unpunished, to the end. And pay for it with his life he did….
So do you think it would have been better for the war to continue for several more months? And do you think that there wouldn't have been any further casualties if the war had continued?
You do understand what a war is, right?
Add the number of people killed or severly radiated for several decades after the bombing, the countless children born with bizarre genetic defects and you know the "saving lives" thing is nonsense.
And 120,000 civilians were killed the night of March 9, 1945 during the firebombing of Tokyo. Of course, that took hundreds of planes dropping thousands of napalm bombs, so it wasn't quite as "sexy" or memorable to later generations of feigned innocents as the atomic bombings. War involves killing and destruction. That's what makes it horrible and something to be avoided if at all possible.
Joel Detrow
The caption below XKCD's radiation chart is incorrect – the highest unit is 1 Sv, but the chart clearly displays a 50 Sv dose, higher than the stated 10 Sv which the chart supposedly doesn't exceed. /nitpicking
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Yeah, believe it or not I actually noticed that earlier, but didn't think anyone else would, so didn't fix it. Oh well :P Guess I'll fix it. Thanks for keeping me honest!
Joel Detrow
You're almost as lazy as me!
Degrading into highly polarized political shithrowing contest in 3…2…1…
The countdown from 3 was already too long.
Maybe the "demon core" is what got into Ballmer this week.
"We're going to be demon-core, Deeeeemon-core! Deeeeemon-cooooore!… DO YOU WATCH THESE GUYS??? THAT WAS DEMON-CORE!! DEMON CORE, BABY!!! Nothing gets in our way! BOOOOM!!"
Four words – "demon core demon core demon core demon core!"
Damn, those scientists were real men back then.
Either that, or professional idiots :^) But hey, can't break new ground without throwing away precautions or common sense.
Oranji Juusu
And so was the inspiration for Gojira.
Indrid Cold
What is even more interesting is that these kinds of criticality incidents have occurred with alarming frequency in the past. The NRC has produced a publication that chronicals dozens of boneheaded mistakes by people handling nuclear materials is a careless fashion. Some of these accidents resulted in exposures of as many as 20,000 RADS. A lot of what we know about the effects of radiation on human physiology came as a result of nuclear criticality accident investigations.
Even more interesting, the Louis Slotin incident was even adapted into a theatrical production performed on a live stage. Having read the script, I can say that is an extremely witty dissection of this accident. Little was previously known about the changes in human physiology which follow a massive dose of radiation.
John Wheeler
The author misses a key point: he's trying to make the case that the Manhattan Project team acted with disregard for radiation protection standards, when those standards didn't exist! In fact, it was through the work of these brave scientists and engineers that we began to learn HOW to work safely around fissile material.
You simply can't judge the actions and methods of 80 years ago through the lens of today's paradigms. The same is true in any field of study! How many medical researchers have become infected with diseases they were working to understand? How many test pilots crashed while trying out new aircraft designs? Were they "unprofessional"?
To insinuate that these scientists and engineers "lacked professionalism" or exhibited a "blazé" attitude is disrespectful and demonstrates incredible ignorance and lack of regard for the challenges these heroes faced and the contributions they made to the world.
But weren't radiation hazards already known since at least Marie Curie's death?
Ivor O'Connor
Yep. It is similar to all the people wanting more nuclear power despite the fact we have no safe place to put the residue nuclear waste.
I would disagree with this analogy, though.
We _do_ have a safe place to store the waste, but politics stopped its use just just before we started using the site. Also, some people from MIT have a molten salt reactor variant design that will burn much of the "waste" from current reactors and leave a much smaller amount of waste that is composed of shorter lived isotopes.
To the people saying these scientists deserved a Darwin Award:
This was not dying due to an act of stupidity. This was being willing to sacrifice yourself for what they saw as the good of the many, a concept that seems lost on much of the civilized world today.
How does this comparison look: One or a few brave souls willing to die for a cause they believe in, or an entire civilization being wiped out because they're all selfish cowards?
Darwinism is about a lot more than intelligence alone.
I forget exactly which one but I think it was the Mercury space flight program that used a man in a lift to go up the side of the rocket sniffing for a chemical (benzene?). If he smelled it they called off the launch because they knew had a leak.
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Ha, that's a nice anecdote. Oh, simplicity of olden times…
Love how EU babies accuse US of war crimes when at the time there was not one country in the entire world that was against the dropping of the bomb (except japan of course). Your countries supported it all the way.
bla·sé, not blazè, please…
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Thanks, will fix.
Mark Sowers
My issue with this article is its lack of context. You make it sound like these scientists were careless. While that can be argued, you fail to discuss the fact that these scientists felt they were in a rush to develop this weapon before the Germans did. They unfortunately did not have the luxury of time and as a result safety was forgone in many cases. Additionally, hindsight is 20/20 we know how dangerous many things are including radiation due to Marie Curie as well as those at Los Alamos.
Interesting article with a hint of an agenda. Discussion took a rabbit trail which included a reference to Japan negotiating for surrender. The proponent of the notion that the atomic bombs were not necessary neglected the history that the Japanese faked negotiations while planning & executing the attack on Pearl Harbor. The Japanese leadership hadn't earned a reputation for negotiating in good faith. Add to that their Jihadist-like maniacal Emperor-worship, fear of Western-devils, suicide attacks from the air & ground, plus intel suggesting a fight-to-the-death defense of the homeland & there was reasonable cause to justify the bombs; Speculations about the impact of significant Russian engagement (likely more opportunistic than significant) and Eisenhower's later speculations notwithstanding.
The Soviets entering the war with Japan ended the war in the Pacific for the USA, not the bomb. Entered at the request of its ally the USA .
the A-bombs and later variant is a blessing. Without it, we would still had wars, perhaps we would have gone through 2 more world wars…
Sebastian, first I want to say that I liked the article overall and think it is a good one. A couple of points though, you gave a pretty good description of a nuclear critical reaction but called it supercritical. A nuclear reaction is critical when one generation of fissions produces enough neutrons to produce the same number of nuclear reactions that created it (i.e. "there are enough fissioned (split) atoms pumping out enough neutrons to keep a chain reaction going.") Supercritical is when the number of fissions in each generation is greater than the one preceding it, which could be a nuclear reactor increasing its power level or, in an extreme case, a nuclear bomb. Also, although I believe it must be typo because you got it right on page 2, Beryllium is a nuclear _re_flector and not a nuclear _de_flector, because it reflects neutrons that would otherwise escape the core and not cause further nuclear reactions back into the core.
This story should give pause to those recommending the world be run by a centralized, scientific, borderless technocratic elite.


text:
The Protein Wrangler
Exploring science in the Texas Medical Center with Carl Carruthers
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Meet a Scientist Monday #12: David Garrison
Howdy! Today's Meet a Scientist Monday Podcast guest is Dr. David Garrison, Faculty Chair and Associate Professor of Physics & Physical Sciences at the University of Houston, Clear Lake. UHCL Professor Dr. David Garrison To beging Podcast, press arrow in center below: Check out the UHCL Physics Facebook page! This year's series is unfortunately over, […] [Read More]
Meet a Scientist Monday #9: Sean Casey
For some reason I have a lot of astronomer friends. Maybe because I like that their personalities are a mix of romanticism (probably coming from being in remote, dark places for long stretches of time) with a hardcore love of science that is rarely seen in other sciences. Today's guest on MSM is Dr. Sean […] [Read More]
University of Houston, Clear Lake Physics Lecture Series
Here is a list of the upcoming UHCL Physics Spring 2011 Seminar Schedule: This semester's seminar series is sponsored by United Space Alliance . All talks take place Monday evenings at UHCL in SSB 1100 at 7pm. Thank you Dr. Garrison for the information about this series!!! Jan. 31, 2011 "Research into Practice – Practice […] [Read More]


text:
Hypersensitivity vasculitis (HV) is often used to describe different types of vasculitis related to drug reactions, skin disorders or allergic vasculitis; however this is not always the correct use of the term.
The American College of Rheumatology established a list of criteria for the classification of HV. The criteria are:
It should be noted that having three or more of these criteria does not always distinguish HV from other forms of vasculitis, particularly when the only or first symptom of vasculitis is a skin rash.
The presence of a skin rash, usually red spots, is the main symptom in HV. A biopsy of these skin spots reveals inflammation of the small blood vessels, called a leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
HV may be caused by a specific drug or occur in association with an infection, but it may also be idiopathic, meaning there is no known cause. Although drugs are the most common cause, drug-induced vasculitis is a poorly defined disorder.
The drugs that are most frequently listed as being associated with the development of HV include: penicillin, cephalosporin, sulfonamide, some medicines used to control blood pressure (loop and thiazide-type diuretics), phenytoin and allopurinol. Infections that may be associated with HV include hepatitis B or C virus, chronic infection with bacteria and HIV virus.
The major symptoms of HV, in addition to a skin rash, are joint pains and increasing size of lymph nodes. In most patients, symptoms begin 7 to 10 days after the exposure to the drug or infection, but can be as short as two to seven days in some people.
Organ involvement in addition to the skin rash is very rare, but can be severe. Kidney inflammation and even more rarely liver, lung, heart and brain injury have occurred in patients with HV.
Symptoms of kidney involvement may not be noticed by the patient, but can be evaluated by a doctor looking at a urine sample for small amounts of blood and protein.
Kidney failure is not common. Kidney failure can be 'acute', meaning there is a fast loss of kidney function, but supportive treatment with dialysis can be done for a few days or weeks and kidney function returns. In some cases, 'chronic' kidney failure occurs, requiring an ongoing need for dialysis because the kidneys do not recover their normal function.
If a drug may have caused HV, then discontinuation of that specific drug usually leads to the disappearance of symptoms within a few days or weeks. If an infection caused the hypersensitivity, then treatment of the infection usually results in the disappearance of symptoms.
In some patients, especially those with ongoing infections, there may be ongoing or 'chronic' symptoms of HV. Drugs used to manage the skin rash and joint pains associated with HV might include corticosteroids and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
In patients with more severe or ongoing skin rashes that are not due to infection, drugs such as colchicine, antihistamines, and dapsone (or a combination of these drugs) may be helpful to control symptoms. Patients with disease in organs beyond the skin should be referred to a specialty doctor such as a nephrologist if the kidneys are involved.
Revision: September 2012
Click here to get the Hypersensitivity Vasculitis brochure in PDF format
Key Resources:
2012 Vasculitis Foundation | Privacy | Medical Disclaimer


text:
Condom Slogans
October 22nd 2007 02:19
What if major companies from all around the world started producing or sponsoring condoms. They would become fashionable and companies would probably advertise more openly.
* Toyota Condoms: Oh what a feeling!
* Ford Condoms: The ride of your life
* Microsoft Condoms: Where do you want to go today?
* Optus Condoms: Yes!
* KFC Condoms: Finger Lickin' Good
* M&M's Condoms: Melt in your mouth, not in your hands
* Duracell Condoms: Keep going and going and going
* Pringles Condoms: Once you pop you can't stop
* Sydney Olympic Condoms: Share the Spirit
* Hyundai Condoms: All day, every day
* Tip Top Condoms: Good onya mum - (available in Tasmania only)
* Panasonic Condoms: Even more than you expected
* VB Condoms: As a matter of fact, I've got one now
* Swan Lager Condoms: They said you'd never make it....
* Vegemite Condoms: Puts a rose in every cheek
* Levi Condoms: Do you fit the legend?
* Nescafe Condoms: It brings you together.
* Quicken Condoms: Quicken.Easy
The following brands would probably not sell very well.....
* Mitsubishi Condoms: Please consider
* AFL Condoms: I'd Like to See That
* Goodyear Condoms: If it only saves you once a year....
* Samboy Condoms: The flavour really hits you
* RTA Condoms: Speed kills
* Nobby's Condoms: Nibble Nobby's Nuts
* Bolle Condoms: Put them on your face
* Kahlua Condoms: Drink the rhythm
* Aussie Homeloans Condoms: We'll save you
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text: Feed your family with less without sacrificing taste, freshness, quality, or nutrition using our money-saving tips. Pages6 of 6 View Slideshow Eat more meatless meals. Make a meal plan. Do it yourself. Learn to stretch meat, poultry, and fish. Eat in season. Pages6 of 6 View Slideshow Related Links 5-Ingredient Pantry Recipes International Vegetarian Inspirations Superfast Recipes: 20-Minute Cooking Advertisement


text:
OCR Terminal API
This API has been created to let users and partners interact programmatically with OCR Terminal. OCR Terminal is an online OCR (optical character recognition) service that allows you to convert PDF to Word, JPEG to Word and scanned images into editable documents. A HTTP based API for OCR - it allows developers to upload scanned images(JPEG, TIFF etc) or PDFs and convert them to editable document formats (like DOC, RTF, TXT) or searchable PDFs. Full documentation is available by request.
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