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A dive computer that includes heart rate monitoring capability is provided. The heart rate monitoring is accomplished by a belt that fits around the diver's chest, and the information is wirelessly transmitted to the dive computer. The heart rate information may be displayed during and after a dive, and the dive computer may selectively utilize the monitored heart rate information to compensate the decompression algorithm based on workload during the dive. The dive computer can also utilize the monitored heart rate information to compensate the decompression algorithm based on workload on the surface before and/or after the dive for no fly and repetitive dive calculations.
1. A diving computer system, comprising:
a dive computer having a display screen on which information is displayed;
a heart rate detector in communication with the dive computer, the heart rate detector being wearable by a user and operable to detect a heart beat thereof, the heart rate detector further being operative to transmit information to the dive computer indicative of the heart beat;
wherein the dive computer receives the information transmitted from the heart rate detector and converts the information into a heart rate of the user; and
wherein the dive computer utilizes a decompression algorithm to calculate decompression stops, and wherein the dive computer utilizes the heart rate of the user to compensate the decompression algorithm for actual user workload to vary the decompression stops.
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18. A diving computer system, comprising:
a dive computer programmed with a decompression algorithm to calculate decompression stops suggested during a dive;
a heart rate detector in communication with the dive computer; and
wherein the dive computer compensates the decompression algorithm to vary the decompression stops suggested during the dive based on an actual monitored heart rate of a user.
19. The diving computer system of
20. A method of calculating decompression stops during an underwater dive, comprising the steps of:
monitoring a heart rate of a diver;
calculating an actual workload of the diver based on the heart rate; and
compensating a decompression algorithm to vary the decompression stops based on the actual workload of the diver.
This invention generally relates to heart rate monitors, and more particularly to wearable athletic computers having heart rate monitoring and calculation capabilities.
Heart rate monitors are popular among athletes but more and more people at all fitness levels are starting to use them as an additional and important tool to monitor their health and the impact of their exercise schedule on their well being. Manufacturers of such heart rate monitors offer various models having differing configurations and functions, many designed and marketed for specific sporting activities such as running, cycling, etc.
A typical hear rate monitor consists of a watch worn on the user's wrist, and a heart rate detector that is worn against the user's skin around the chest. The detector is often embodied in a belt that may be adjusted to fit comfortably around the user's chest. The detector includes electrocardiogram (EKG) electrodes that are able to detect the electrical signals from the user's heart. These signals are then wirelessly transmitted to the watch worn on the user's wrist by a transmitter included in the detector. This watch typically includes a processor that converts these signals into a heart rate number and a display on which the heart rate number is displayed, preferably continuously. One such hear rate is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,282,439, entitled Method of Measuring Vital Function and Measuring Device, assigned to Polar Electro Oy.
While current heart rate monitors are used by and marketed to athletes to provide them with information regarding their intensity of exercise or exertion level so that the athletes can train and compete at an optimum level, such heart rate monitors do little more than display a heart rate number for the user to look at. Some more complex heart rate monitors can also measure altitude and ascent, and can associate the monitored heart rate with this information to provide the user with a graphic illustration of this information so that the user can, later, review how his or her heart rate varied during the various periods of exertion during the training session. While this information is informative to the user and while the user can review this information to see if his or her overall level of fitness appears to be improving (e.g. by observing a sustained pace with a heart rate that is lower than previously observed by the user at the same pace), the heart rate monitor does not actually utilize this information for any health related calculations. Some heart rate monitors do provide an alarm that sounds when the monitored heart rate exceeds a user set maximum heart rate. However, this alarm is again merely informational and is not adjusted or varied when other parameters change, such as altitude, even though the level of exertion and effect on the body may well be affected by such other parameters.
One such sporting activity in which careful monitoring of exertion level changes are critically important is scuba diving, since inert gas uptake and elimination (which can lead to decompression sickness) are strongly affected by blood circulation. While many scuba divers wear a dive computer during a dive to monitor dive time, depth, etc. and to calculate appropriate decompression stops during ascent, etc., currently there are no dive computers that include a heart rate monitor.
There exists, therefore, a need in the art for a diving computer that includes a heart rate monitor that not only monitors and displays heart rate information, but that can utilize this monitored heart rate information in calculations towards diver safety. The invention provides such a dive computer. These and other advantages of the invention, as well as additional inventive features, will be apparent from the description of the invention provided herein.
In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved dive computer. More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved dive computer that includes heart rate monitoring capability. Still more particularly, it is an object of an embodiment of the present invention to provide a new and improved dive computer that utilizes the monitored heart rate information to compensate the decompression algorithm based on workload during the dive. Further, it is an object of an embodiment of the present invention to provide a new and improved dive computer that utilizes the monitored heart rate information to compensate the decompression algorithm based on workload on the surface before and/or after the dive for no fly time, i.e. the minimum amount of time that the diver should wait before taking a plane due to the low pressure in modern aircraft cabins, and repetitive dive calculations.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a dive computer includes a heart rate detector that includes a wireless transmitter that is worn by the diver to detect the diver's heart rate. The heart rate detector may be a wearable belt that fits around the user's chest, wrist, or other appropriate area of the body to detect the heart rate. Preferably, the heart rate detector includes EKG electrodes that detect the heart's electrical signals. The diving computer may be mounted on a wrist band, on a console that also carries other instruments, on a writing slate attached to the diving vest, integrated with a diving mask, etc. The transmitter in the heart rate detector wirelessly transmits the heart rate information to the dive computer. The dive computer includes a display screen on which the heart rate information may be displayed. This display screen may be an LCD display, a dot matrix display, etc. Preferably, the dive computer provides a user selectable feature to enable and disable the heart rate monitoring. In another embodiment of the present invention, the heart rate information may be displayed in the water during the dive and/or on the surface before and/or after the dive. The heart rate information may be displayed in real time, continuously or at a sampled rate, and/or as a historical representation, alone or in correlation with other dive information, e.g. depth.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the dive computer utilizes the heart rate information to compensate the decompression algorithm for increased and/or decreased blood flow indicated by increased and/or decreased heart rate during the dive. In another embodiment, the dive computer also utilizes monitored heart rate information after a dive to compensate the decompression algorithm, particularly in calculations for repetitive dives. In another embodiment the dive computer utilizes the heart rate information to compensate the calculation of a no fly time.
Other aspects, objectives and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification illustrate several aspects of the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
While the invention will be described in connection with certain preferred embodiments, there is no intent to limit it to those embodiments. On the contrary, the intent is to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Scuba diving is an activity that requires a certain level of exertion, although in general not to the extent of jogging, bicycling or other very aerobic activities. Still, it is of interest to see how the body reacts to the underwater environment and to the stress of diving. In addition, exertion level directly affects inert gas uptake and elimination, and as such has an influence on safe ascent schedules (recommended decompression stops). As such, one embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in
The system also includes a heart rate detector 102 that is worn against a user's skin, such as around the chest, wrist, or other appropriate location to pick up the heart beat information. Preferably, the diver wears the heart rate detector 102 so that the electrodes 108 contact the skin on the chest. In a preferred embodiment, the heart rate detector 102 is a chest transmitter belt 110 manufactured by Polar Electro Oy. The detected information is then wirelessly transmitted from a transmitter in the heart rate detector 102 to the dive computer 100 wherein the information is converted to a heart rate. Alternatively, the heart rate detector 102 calculates the heart rate and transmits the calculated heart rate to the dive computer 100 for use therein. While a preferred embodiment utilizes a wireless transmitter within the heart rate detector 102, one skilled in the art will recognize from the foregoing that the heart rate information may also be communicated to the dive computer 100 via a wired interface or may be integrated in the dive computer 100.
The heart rate information may then be displayed on the display screen 104 of the dive computer 100 on the surface, such as on surface displays 200 and 300 illustrated in
As described in co-pending application Ser. No. 11/451,042, filed Jun. 12, 2006, entitled Diving Computer With Programmable Display and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, the teachings and disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in the entireties by reference hereto, the user is able to choose how and where, if at all, this heart rate information is displayed on screen 104 in embodiments of the present invention. In other embodiments, the positioning of the heart rate information is pre-programmed.
Monitoring the heart rate during a dive provides information to the diver as to whether he/she should maybe slow down or relax more (high heart rate is linked to higher workload, and higher workload implies increased breathing, which in turn means the diver will be accelerating the depletion of breathing gas reserve in the scuba tank). Or, in presence of a strong current to overcome, the heart rate would indicate to the diver whether he/she has additional reserve for fighting the current or not. These determinations can be made by the user by simply observing the heart rate information displayed on the display screen 104 during the dive (see, e.g.
As will be discussed more fully below, in some embodiments of the present invention the dive computer 100 may also use this heart rate information in its various diver safety related calculations. In an embodiment, the choice of whether to use such heart rate monitored information in such calculations is user selectable from the programming display 400 of
Once programmed via screen 400, the user's heart rate information will be both displayed for the user's information and the dive computer will use this information to calculate various safety related parameters related to the body's ongassing and offgassing during and after the dive. That is, in diving the exposure to higher than atmospheric ambient pressure implies that a diver will absorb nitrogen from the compressed air/nitrox that the diver is breathing (in the case of heliox, it is helium that is absorbed and in the case of trimix it is both nitrogen and helium). This absorption process leads to accumulation of nitrogen in muscles, tissues, etc. During the ascent and upon returning to the surface, and hence to a reduced ambient pressure, the process is reversed and muscle, tissues etc. will offgas the excess nitrogen. The nitrogen ongassing and offgassing are the controlling elements for the decompression calculations carried out by the dive computer 100.
Both ongassing and offgassing are a function of the circulation of the blood in the body, and will increase in presence of increased blood flow. In the absence of information about the blood flow, a dive computer 100 must assume a constant blood flow and is therefore unable to allow for changes due to increased exertion during the dive. Some dive computers manufactured by the assignee of the instant application use tank information, i.e. the pressure drop associated with each breath, to determine an increase in workload and hence allow for increased circulation in the decompression calculation. However, such requires that the dive computer be directly integrated with the tank pressure measurement, which is more costly. Such dive computers that are not integrated with the tank must use a constant workload throughout the dive and therefore cannot adapt the ongassing and offgassing calculations due to increased workload. The dive computer 100 of the present invention that includes heart rate monitoring functionality, however, can now include such information in the calculations during the dive, even in the absence of tank information.
Moreover, recent studies have shown that increased blood flow after a dive (due to something as simple as walking back to the car after the dive while donning the equipment) can also play an important role in the safety of divers. This is because any change in circulation of the diver will affect the offgassing rate. Depending on the decompression stress present in the diver's body at the time of exercise on the surface after a dive, exercise can either promote inert gas bubble formation (a negative effect) or promote inert gas elimination (a positive effect). In the case of a dive requiring significant decompression stops, an increase in exercise level after the dive could potentially promote inert gas bubble formation which could lead to decompression sickness. In any case, a change in the offgassing level due an increase of circulation is relevant for repetitive diving and for calculation of the no fly time. Such a no fly time may be illustrated, e.g., on the surface display 300 in field 304.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dive computer 100 continues to receive the heart rate information after the dive so that it can be aware of this change of conditions. This allows the dive computer of the present invention to correctly calculate the decompression in a repetitive dive. This is only possible with the dive computer 100 of the present invention having the heart rate detector 102. Such calculations are not possible with the gas integrated computers (monitoring tank pressure) because the diver would not be breathing off the tank on the surface. As such, the gas integrated computers are oblivious to changes in offgassing brought on by changes in circulation due to activity on the surface when the diver is not breathing from the tank.
In one embodiment, the dive computer 100 of the present invention utilizes the Bühlmann ZH-L8 ADT mathematical model. This model allows the dive computer 100 to adapt to actual diver behaviors and other environmental conditions. The name of the model was derived from ZH-Zurich where the model was developed, L8 refers to the number of body tissue groups that the model considers and ADT is short for adaptive. With an adaptive model, if a diver exceeds the prescribed ascent rate, works too hard as determined by the monitored heart rate, or is exposed to really cold water, the dive computer 100 may ask the diver to complete a compensation decompression stop as indicated, e.g. in field 604 of
As discussed above, some dive computer models assume an average workload throughout the dive. However, an unfit diver, for example, will breathe more heavily during a dive at depth than a fit diver. Even fit divers sometimes find themselves working hard in situations such as swimming against a current or removing an anchor that is stuck under a rock. In such high workload circumstances the diver can absorb more nitrogen, particularly in the muscle tissue groups. This additional uptake of nitrogen, in turn, is exposing the diver to a greater risk of microbubble formation and the possibility of decompression sickness.
The dive computer 100 of the present invention takes into account that different divers have different levels of fitness and different levels of exertion on different dives via the information entered by the diver via programming screen 400 of
In one embodiment of the present invention, this workload compensation uses the heart-rate data acquired during the dive to adapt the decompression and dive-safety analysis performed by the dive computer to the actual workload of the diver. To make this compensation, the dive computer establishes classifications of the heart rate in discrete bins using a physiologically relevant classification method. In one embodiment, 8 bins or classifications of workload are used. A preferred method utilizes linear binning of the difference between maximum heart rate and resting heart rate, i.e. this difference is divided by the number of bins used, e.g. 8, to generate the workload classes or bins. In an alternate embodiment, exponential binning is used. Since the maximum heart rate and the resting heart rate parameters depend on the age and fitness of the diver, the compensation is thus specific for a person. In one embodiment, the dive computer deducts a certain amount from the specified maximum heart rate before performing the binning (e.g. 20%) to reflect the fact that underwater the body does not quite reach the highest maximum heart rate (as much as the maximum heart rate in biking is lower than in jogging).
Once the bins or classifications are established by the dive computer, the raw heart-rate data is first filtered by removing erroneous data points that may have resulted from sudden jumps to heart rate which are quickly recovered (and have no effect on gas uptake or elimination), followed by low-pass filtering of the remaining data set. In embodiments of the present invention, 4 to 16 samples are used for filtering, counted either equally or using a weighted function, although other embodiments may use more or fewer samples. Finally, the classified workload data is low-pass filtered again. In one embodiment, the dive computer averages the heart rate over a given time, e.g. 1 minute, to obtain the correct workload bin or classification for this interval. When the result is such that it fits into a higher workload class, the decompression algorithm is adjusted accordingly. This is done by changing the half times of the compartments used in the decompression model. Since every compartment is defined by a half time, which basically determines how quickly a compartment loads and eliminates nitrogen, changing the half time can simulate the increase or decrease of blood flow. In this model a shorter half time is equivalent to more blood flow through the compartment and a longer half time is equivalent to less blood flow.
The heart rate reflects the physiological as well as the psychological stress level of the diver. A rapid increase of the heart rate can be interpreted as a sudden stress, maybe due to a physiological condition, such as a cramp, or a psychological stress, such as the loss of orientation or an equipment problem. Thus, heart-rate monitoring can help to identify these situations by careful analysis of changes in the beat pattern and of other sensory inputs. The resulting information can not only be used to adjust decompression advice as discussed above, but it may also be used in embodiments of the present invention to alert the diver's dive buddy to such situations. This alerting function may be accomplished by the dive computer of the present invention using a suitable communication link to the dive buddy's dive computer, e.g. Bluetooth or other wireless technology. The dive computer of the dive buddy then displays a warning message alerting the dive buddy to the stress situation.
Additionally, embodiments of the present invention also provide calculations for and/or display further exercise data. Such data may be viewed during and/or after a dive. For example, as illustrated in
Communication between the dive computer 100 and the heart rate detector 102 consumes energy, albeit little. In addition, memory space in the dive computer 100 is used by logging the heart rate information. To reduce the energy consumption and memory usage, the heart rate can be sampled at a less than continuous rate. In one embodiment, the sampling is performed at a 4 second sampling rate. To further preserve battery energy and memory usage, the diver can set the heart rate monitor function to OFF via programming screen 400 (see
All references, including publications, patent applications, and patents cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each reference were individually and specifically indicated to be incorporated by reference and were set forth in its entirety herein.
The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) is to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context. The terms "comprising," "having," "including," and "containing" are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including, but not limited to,") unless otherwise noted. Recitation of ranges of values herein are merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range, unless otherwise indicated herein, and each separate value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g., "such as") provided herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of this invention are described herein, including the best mode known to the inventors for carrying out the invention. Variations of those preferred embodiments may become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing description. The inventors expect skilled artisans to employ such variations as appropriate, and the inventors intend for the invention to be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, this invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter recited in the claims appended hereto as permitted by applicable law. Moreover, any combination of the above-described elements in all possible variations thereof is encompassed by the invention unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context.
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HUNTINGTON -- Two Marshall University faculty members and a guest will perform a special trio concert later this month.
The trio will include pianist John Ingram, violinist Dr. Elizabeth Reed Smith and flutist Dr. Wendell Dobbs. The event will take place Monday, Sept. 23 at 8 p.m. in Smith Recital Hall at Marshall University. The program will feature a variety of 20th Century music composed in the neo-classical style. The program will feature works composed by Jacques Ibert, Nino Rota and Bohuslav Martinu.
The event will be free and open to the public.
"The expression you encounter with this music is a little different than what you get from the casual music you hear on a daily basis," said Dobbs, professor of music at Marshall. "I think that the first impression will be the sonorities of the instruments which will be new for some.
"Also the way some of the ways the instruments interact with each other is very interesting. Since some of the music is neo-classic some pieces are very dance like. So there may be some toe-tapping going one. One of the Ibert pieces is an absolutely beautiful melody and another has a Spanish flair to it which a lot of his music does. The Rota pieces are very rhythmic and very angular."
Dr. Richard Kravchak, director of the School of Music and Theatre," said Marshall is fortunate to have such talented professors.
"Dr. Dobbs has been a soloist at Pershing's Own the United States Army Band," he said. "Dr. Smith has been a concert master at the Spoleto Festival."
Ingrim is Marshall graduate now living and working in Cincinnati.
"He had not played for like 15 years, but he reassembled his technique very quickly," Dobbs said. "We had done several programs with him over the past few years. For this program we decided to include Dr. Reed Smith as well.
"I had not played any of the pieces we chose for this performance before," Dobbs said. "What is wonderful about the modern world is that you can go to Youtube and listen to various performances.
"We went online and found three pieces that we found interesting then procured the rights to the music. They are well known composers. Martinu was very influenced by the style of Stravinsky and so the neo classic style emerged in his music. Ibert was a composer who was very successful before World War II and provided a lot of music for the emerging French film industry.
"We also have music pieces by Rota, the Italian prodigy who went to America and wrote music for over 150 different films including 'The Godfather.' These were very challenging pieces that spoke to us."
The School of Music and Theatre will also be presenting a woodwind quintet concert at Smith Recital Hall featuring a variety of historical instruments Wednesday, Sept. 18. The concert will be free and open to the public. It begins at 8 p.m. There will be an encore performance at noon Friday, Sept. 20 at First Presbyterian Church on 5th Avenue.
For more information on coming events at the School of Music and Theater, contact the main office at 304-696-3117 or go online at http://muwww-new.marshall.edu/music/ .

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The mission of the Scotland County Board of Elections is to provide the citizens of Scotland County with the opportunity to register to vote and by using the latest innovations and services, to exercise one of their most important guaranteed rights, the right to vote. We also endeavor to provide the highest degree of service to all candidates during the electoral process.
Board Chair - Hal K. Culberson
Board Secretary - Richard L. Clancy
Board Member - William L. Bullard, Sr.
Director - Dell M. Parker
910-277-2928 fax


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Christmas cheer and customer serviceWritten by Kevin Milliken | | firstname.lastname@example.com
We've all spent the last few weeks running here and there, hither and yon to finish our Christmas shopping. As the days get closer to Christmas, the crowds get more crushing, the lines get longer, and the cashiers get grumpier.
Thursday night, my wife and I went to the mall after work for a round of power shopping to finish my side of the family before an early holiday get-together. Yes, it was after dark and we were willing to risk another food court fight to get our gift selections done. Somewhere in the crowd that night were Mayor Finkbeiner and the police chief, making sure there was no unruliness not to be tolerated. Yet, somehow we missed them.
We had to return one item that would not fit the recipient. The customer service reps at the store could not have been more rude, telling us in two different places we had come to the wrong counter. The attitude displayed made it seem like we had committed a federal offense for even asking.
That experience put my wife on edge for the last time. A couple of days before at the same store, she wanted to purchase an exercise machine for our family. There was one conveniently boxed up next to the counter. She asked about it and a clerk cheerfully told her she could buy it.
Out of nowhere, a second clerk loudly spoke up and said no, vehemently declaring that the exercise machine in question was being "reserved" for a co-worker's boss from a second job. She proceeded to tell my wife she would have to go to the catalog section back on the first floor of the store. The first clerk stood her ground and reiterated it was OK to buy that particular exercise machine.
With a sigh heard 'round the world, the second clerk picked up the phone to call either the co-worker or a supervisor. She had not waited to hear the first clerk tell her that the co-worker had already picked up a spare exercise machine for her boss. No apology, no nothing — the clerk just walked away muttering nastiness under her breath.
At that point I would have walked out of that store, never to return. I would have muttered nastiness under my breath as I walked away, too — probably something akin to organizing a nationwide boycott of that particular store chain. However, my wife is a whole lot more patient and forgiving than I am, so she bought what she wanted.
First of all, layaway at most stores had gone the way of the dodo. Second, when did the store itself become self-serving, the place of convenience for the store clerk and friends, instead of the shopper who's plunking down their hard-earned cash?
Before I tear apart the customer service industry completely, we did find a shining example of what should be happening for every Christmas shopper, everywhere.
This clerk was the most pleasant woman we've met all holiday season, and outhustled every other counter in the store. Her line may have gone 10 people deep, but every shopper received courtesy, warmth, and a solid answer to any question.
Here's the twist: the physically challenged clerk was older than any other store worker, and made every last one of them look lazy. Many of the other clerks did a good enough job of that themselves, but it was too bad this woman's wonderful attitude and great work ethic failed to rub off on the other 99 percent of the work force.
Merry Christmas, Lydia, and thank you for restoring my faith in the whole Christmas shopping experience. May the rest of those customer service reps find coal in their stockings.
May you and your family have a Merry Christmas and joyous holiday season. Here's also best wishes for many happy returns on Dec. 26 — and a whole lot more Lydias to handle your exchanges with a pleasant smile.
Kevin Milliken hosts of "Eye on Toledo" on WSPD 1370.


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|Posted on February 4, 2011 at 1:33 PM
The Wrong House
Written by Curtis Lawson with Art by Kay
The Wrong House is the story of three teen misfits and a Halloween night gone terribly wrong. Lawson's wonderfully creative story telling and Kay's dark, gritty art style immerse the reader in the terrifying events of the night. Told in a non-linear manner, the story works its way inside out, slowly revealing the truth behind this gruesome tale.
Review by PD Houston:
In todays comics industry a lot of smaller indy books get passed over very quickly by retailers and fans and there are many reasons for that. The Wrong House by Curtis Lawson and artist Kay is a book I hope that doesn't happen to. A lot of really good indy books get no pub or run by the comics media and are doomed to failure, so I'm going to do my part in helping promote this well executed comic.
Writer Chris Lawson sent me The Wrong House for review and I'm extremely glad Chris Lawson got in touch with me because The Wrong House is a great comic. Let me tell you why...
Using flashbacks and weaving in and out of moments in time Chris Lawson delivers one hell of a story. It's extremely suspenseful and while using this method of storytelling can sometimes be confusing, Lawson pulls it off expertly and delivers one hell of a final twist at the end. A good twist is always one you don't see coming, and Lawson set it up amazingly. What starts out as what seems to be a typical slasher horror story, some crazy guy killing people in a horrific manner, develops into a twisting nightmare on par with anything Stephen King or Clive Barker could ever deliver. You'd almost think Lawson has been writing comics professionally for years by the expertise of the delivery in this story. I can see good things for him in the future if his stories are of this caliber.
But while Lawson delivers a great story, it's the art which is what initially grabed my attention. The artist who goes by only one name, Kay, gives us a well drawn comic that matches the story perfectly. Kay's art reminded me at times of Eduardo Risso and David Lapham, but it stayed true to its own style. Lot's of blacks, scratchy, but sure lines and fully rendered believable people. I've never heard of Kay before or seen his/her art anywhere before and that's sad because this artist is extremely talented. I'm hoping to see more of this artist's work because they too have a future in this biz if they can keep the quality of art in this comic and carry it into their other work.
The only problem I had with this book is the cover. It's not catchy enough and is easily passed over when placed next to other comics. Plus it's not reflective of the awesome interior art. I would have prefered to see interior artist Kay do the cover, but not knowing the politics of the makings of this book I don't know why that didn't happen. But I guess I can use that cliche "Never judge a book by it's cover" here. So please look at the preview art posted here rather than just the cover to judge the quality of this comic.
Look for an interview with writer Chris Lawson on this blog in the near future where we will talk all about this book and possibly other stuff.
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Only a few of the 115 cardinal electors taking part in the conclave starting on Tuesday are considered pontiff material, or "papabile". Here are some of the top contenders to become the next head of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics, as cardinals gather in the Sistine Chapel:
Angelo Scola:The 71-year-old archbishop of Milan is a keen promoter of inter-religious dialogue, particularly between Muslims and Christians.
He is also an expert on bioethics, an issue on which Roman Catholic Church teachings are currently lagging behind scientific advances.
The son of a socialist truck driver, Scola is one of the closest heirs to Benedict XVI, combining conservative views with progressive social advocacy on issues like immigration and poverty.
He is Italian but is not associated with the Vatican bureaucracy, whose image has been badly tarnished by infighting in recent years.
Odilo Scherer:The 63-year-old Brazilian is archbishop of Sao Paolo, home to five million faithful in a country that has the world's biggest Catholic population.
Scherer, whose family descended from German immigrants, is seen as a moderate conservative with charisma and openness, as well as a good administrator.
He has fought against declining traditional values and is concerned about the growing strength of evangelical churches across the developing world.
Scherer is well acquainted with social problems in Sao Paulo, a cosmopolitan city of 11 million people facing high poverty rates, crime, youth unemployment and lack of basic services.
On his archdiocesan website and in newspapers, Scherer regularly offers commentary on key issues. He is also very active on Twitter, boasting 20,000 followers of his account @DomOdiloScherer.
Marc Ouellet:Canada's former archbishop of Quebec, 68, Ouellet now heads the influential Congregation of Bishops and is seen as the leading North American candidate for the papacy.
Known for his conservative theological views -- very much in line with Benedict's -- Ouellet could be favoured for the pull he may have in the increasingly secularised West.
Supporters hope he would also crack down on the unruly Curia, the Vatican's government. He is the head of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America, where he has a strong following.
The mainstream conservative churchman who once said becoming pope "would be a nightmare" is an insider with strong connections to the Curia.
Branded the "Iron Cardinal" by Canadian media for his buttoned-down views, Ouellet could widen a rift between conservatives and reformists, according to Gilles Routhier, head of Laval University's theology faculty in Quebec City.
Peter Erdo:Archbishop of Budapest since 2002 and a canon law expert who has taught at the Pontifical Lateran University in Rome, the 60-year-old Hungarian is known for his efforts to combat secularisation.
Christoph Schoenborn:The archbishop of Vienna, 68, has called for a re-examination of the issue of priest celibacy in the wake of the child sex abuse scandal.
The Austrian has also criticised powerful figures in the Vatican for covering up the sex crimes.
Jose Francisco Robles Ortega:The 64-year-old archbishop of Guadalajara, Mexico's second largest city, is described as reserved and lacking charisma.
He has taken a stand against the rampant violence linked to drug traffickers in his country, as well as rising secularism.
Luis Antonio Tagle:The archbishop of Manila was last year appointed the Church's second youngest cardinal. The 55-year-old is tipped as an outsider to watch for his dynamism, charisma and stellar rise.
His relative youth stands against him, but he is very popular in Asia and has worked closely with Benedict.
Timothy Dolan:Archbishop of New York and a "modernist conservative", 63-year-old Dolan is media savvy -- a plus in today's social media society.
Vatican experts say his strong point lies in heading up a diocese on the front-line of sex abuse scandals, but activists have criticised him for allegedly covering up cases.
Sean O'malley:The staunchly pro-life archbishop of Boston, 68, is a member of the Capuchin order who became the first cardinal with a blog in 2006.
He has vowed a zero-tolerance policy against sexual abuse by priests and settled dozens of claims.
Wilfrid Napier:South African Cardinal Wilfrid Fox Napier is the 71-year-old archbishop of Durban who has said the Church is in a "profound crisis" and needs a new pope to implement "spiritual renewal".


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Little Asian Girlfriend
Written by Londo Cat / May 2, 2002
Little Asian Girlfriend By Londo Cat
The story you are about to read is true, I haven?t even changed the names. Lila and I were married for a total of four years, engaged for one. Here?s a little background for you. I?m your normal white guy. Six foot, 190 pounds and a seven inch cock. I didn?t have any problems satisfying a woman before and I don?t now.
Then I met a woman named Lila. She was absolutely the most gorgeous woman I had ever met in my entire life.
To imagine Lila, you would have to think more of Sung Hi Lee, although Lila is 100% Chinese. Lila is only about 5 foot 1 and weighs only 103 pounds. She had gorgeous long black hair that cascaded down her back all the way past her perfectly shaped ass. I fell for her like a ton a bricks and not soon after dating her I asked her to marry me.
Within weeks we were living together and fucking like rabbits every day. I was going through a small fortune in condom?s because we screwed so much. To make a long story shorter and cut to the story, I had always enjoyed watching interracial sex and one of my favorite fantasies was to watch my girlfriend Lila fucking a black guy while I watched. Lila would always play along, but in the end, it was only a fantasy and she told me as much.
Finally one night while we were screwing and after Lila had come at least three times and I was having a hard time coming myself Lila whispered in my ear ?Do you still want to see a black guy fucking me?? As she said this I felt my cock throbbing inside her ultra tight pussy and I told her enthusiastically yes I would. Lila looked up at me and said that if I could arrange it, she would do it.
I spent about a month setting it up and bought several swinger magazines and contacted about twenty black men of which only ten responded. I sent them pictures and they all wanted to meet, but I had to weed out the undesirables. Finally I narrowed it down to three men, all of whom had impeccable credentials, with one being a doctor! The one that I selected was a physical therapist and was in fantastic shape. I showed the pictures to my fianc? and she liked the way he looked.
The next meeting was with Lila, myself and Jerome at a local coffee shop. Jerome was indeed a gentleman and was extremely gracious. Two weeks before he had gone to a doctor that I had suggested to get himself tested for AIDS and other venereal diseases and brought the sealed envelope to me. I opened it and read the results, and he was indeed clean, as he had promised. We exchanged our medical results because he had requested the same, which was only fair play. He read them and liked what he saw and then Lila and him talked for a while.
Lila then surprised me and then asked me to leave them alone for a while so they could talk in private. I was a little shocked that she was asking me this, but I complied, after all, this was my fantasy and she was just doing this for me or so I thought at the time.
When I got back about fifteen minutes later I saw Jerome get up and kiss my wife on the lips. It was a quick kiss and he turned towards me and said ?We?ll looks like I?ll be seeing the two of you next Friday night.?
That night Lila and I fucked and I could barely contain my excitement as Lila would ask me again and again if I was ready to see her fuck a black guy. Every time I said Yes, Lila would clamp down with her pussy muscles and pinch my nipples lightly, then she would say ?Are you sure?? When I would reply yes, she would moan and fuck me harder. I came twice while she did this and by the end of the night I was exhausted. Lila just smiled and I wondered what she was up too.
Next Friday night came all too fast and Lila dressed to the hilt in one of the most seductive outfits I have ever seen. She wore an almost translucent black silk dress with black spiked heals. I could see that she wasn?t wearing a bra or panties under the dress and just looking at her drove me crazy. I wanted to fuck her so bad it was driving me insane, but Lila told me to be patient and I could have her after Jerome did.
There I was sitting in a chair, facing the side of the hotel bed , my fianc? Lila was kissing Jerome on the bed in front of me, his hands roaming all over her petite Asian body. Lila would occasionally look at me as his hands would squeeze her ass or one of her breasts and she would mouth to me ?I love you? or blow me a kiss.
Lila then started to undress Jerome, opening up his shirt to reveal his muscular body and at the same time he tugged at Lila?s small silk dress. Soon her dress came off and Lila was completely naked and her lover got off the bed and disrobed. When he pulled off his shorts, his huge black cock fell free and Lila shot a look at me. She then slid off the bed and whispered in my ear ?Jerome?s got a pretty big dick there honey? are you sure you want to see him putting all of that inside me?? As she said that, she squeezed my throbbing erection and then said ?I can see that you?re pretty excited already? are you sure you want me to fuck him? That big black cock of his is sure going to stretch me out? I hope you know that?? Once again Lila squeezed my cock as she said this.
I kissed her and nodded my affirmation of both her questions and Lila smiled and got back onto the bed. Her lover grabbed a condom and got onto the bed, his huge black cock still in a state of semi-hardness. Lila took one of her small hands and started jacking him off and soon he was expanding to his full length. Lila commented on his size and said ?You sure you can get that whole thing inside me? My boyfriend really wants to see my pussy stretched by a big cock like yours.?
Jerome looked at me and said ?Oh yea, and your girlfriend is going to love every inch of my big black cock. By the end of the night she?s going to be hooked on black dick.?
Lila looked at me with her sexy almond shaped brown eyes and said ?Is that what you want to see honey? Do you want to see me get hooked on big black cock? Is that what you want to see??
I said yes and Lila smiled. ?Okay? then watch me? watch me get fucked by his huge black cock? watch me as I get hooked on black cock.? With that Lila laid back on the bed, spreading her small tan legs wide for her Jerome.
Jerome slowly rolled the condom on that huge cock. It was one of those oversize ones and when it was on, he put the head of that huge cock at the entrance of Lila?s wet pussy and pushed a few inches in. Lila moaned and then groaned out ?That?s it? put that big black cock inside me?? with that he pulled out and then pushed in about four to five inches. Lila panted as he would withdraw and then push in more each time. Finally after about ten strokes he buried the entire length into Lila?s tight cunt. As he buried the entire length inside Lila I saw my girlfriend wrap her small legs around Jerome?s muscular waist and their mouths met as then kissed and slowly fucked on the bed.
When they broke the kiss Lila was panting hard and moaning with every thrust of his huge cock. Lila turned her head towards me and moaned hotly ?Oh god honey? I?d always wondered why women want to fuck black men? oh god?so good? now I know why? oh God? Oh God? Oh Fuck!!!?
Lila started to spasm, her whole body shuddering hard as she appeared to be having one incredibly intense orgasm which lasted about five minutes. Lila gasped out loud as she orgasmed. Her black lover kept plunging faster and faster into my fianc?s wet squeezing pussy.
I could scarcely believe that I was watching my soon to be wife being fucked by a black man only a few feet in front of me. But I had wanted this, I had begged Lila for months to live out this one fantasy of mine and now it was happening in front of me in real life.
In my daze I could barely believe Lila was doing this until I heard her shudder and moan ?Oh God? Honey? he?s going to make me come again!? Lila arched her back and gasped out as Jerome kept plunging his unbelievably huge black cock into her wet vagina. Lila panted and moaned ?Oh God! Oh God! Oh fuck???..?
Jerome didn?t stop and then pulled his huge black cock out of Lila?s sopping wet pussy and Lila took the condom off his cock and started licking the huge brown head of his cock. I watched as Lila grabbed another condom and then Lila moaned softly to me ?Honey, go get me something to drink please?? I quickly got out of my seat and retrieved a glass of water from the bathroom sink.
When I got back to the bedroom, Lila was on top of her lover, his huge cock now embedded deep inside her pussy again. I handed Lila the glass and she took a sip and then said ?This is what you wanted to see, isn?t it?? I nodded and then Lila pulled me to her and kissed me and then whispered in my ear ?I know you?re enjoying watching him fuck me? I said ?Yes, yes I am.? Lila smiled at me and then said ?I know your secret fantasy?? I looked at her puzzled and Lila put a ball of tissue in my hand and then said ?Go sit down and enjoy watching me get fucked?
I sat down and started watching my wife as she rocked up and down Jerome?s huge black dick. I took another look at the ball of tissue I was about to toss into the garbage when something caught my eye. Inside was a condom, and a wrapper, and another condom. The package was opened but the condom was still inside it!? I quickly looked at Lila and she raised up all the way off his cock, holding his slick unprotected shaft with her small hand, the huge head of his black cock just barely touching her vaginal lips.
Before I could say a word Lila dropped back down onto that huge cock and moaned softly as she ground her hips against his. Lila looked at me and I must have had a concerned look on my face and she smiled and said ?I?m ovulating right now honey? you know how horny I get when I?m in the middle of my cycle? do you want me to stop now? stop before my pussy tastes his hot sperm? This is what you wanted honey, to watch me fuck a huge black cock?. without protection? in the middle of my cycle? watching me orgasm again and again? especially when he comes inside me? isn?t that what you wanted?
I could barely answer her, my throat was dry, but Lila moaned out ?He?s going to come inside me? so much sperm? inside me? and I?ll probably get pregnant? that?s what you want? isn?t it? isn?t it honey? you want me to get pregnant with his huge cock inside me? would you like to see your future wife get pregnant by a black man? then when he comes to visit his child? he can fuck your wife? would you like that honey?? Would you like for him to fuck your wife???
My cock was about to explode when Lila could barely speak those last words. Finally Lila?s lover was bucking up into her and Lila was holding on while moaning to me ?He?s going to come inside me honey? I heard him grunting as Lila moaned hotly ?He?s coming inside me!! Oh God!! It?s happening?! I?m COOOMMMINNGGG!!!? Lila twisted and buc ed as she orgasmed with him, gasping with pleasure that seemed to last at least ten minutes.
Finally it was over. Lila slumped over and a few minutes later they untangled. Jerome went into the bathroom and Lila propped herself up on one elbow and looked at me. I had shot my load onto the carpet without even touching myself.
Lila looked at me and said ?Did you like that? He sure came a lot inside me?? Lila looked at me and then got off the bed walking up to me and then sitting on my lap, her wet pussy rubbing against my semi hard cock. Lila nuzzled herself against me and then whispered in my ear ?I?d never risk our relationship like that. I?m on the pill? I looked up at her in surprise and Lila winked at me. ?I?ve been taking them for three months now and making you wear condom?s all the while so I could give you your fantasy.
You liked it, didn?t you?? I could barely contain my surprise as I kissed her and agreed enthusiastically that I had enjoyed it very much.
?Good, because next weekend, you get to see your other fantasy of me with two black guys. That IS your other fantasy, isn?t it?? I could hardly believe what I was hearing, but I loved the fact that my little Asian girlfriend was now hooked on black cock.
To be continued...
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- 72
- people in the U.S. have this name View Kristina Sutton on Whitepages
Meaning & Origins
Respelling of Christina. This coincides with the Swedish and Czech form of the name.
|401st in the U.S.
English: habitational name from any of the extremely numerous places called Sutton, from Old English sūð 'south' + tūn 'enclosure', 'settlement'.
|311th in the U.S.
Nicknames & variations
Kristen, Kristin, Kristine, Kristian, Kristi, Kristy, Kristan, Kristyn, Krista, Kristie
Sutter, Suttles, Suttle, Sutterfield, Sitton, Suttner, Sutten, Sutterlin, Suttie, Sutt


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The Butterfly White Wall Clock is a graceful revision of the traditional timepiece. Designed by Susanne Philippson for Italian design house Diamantini & Domeniconi, this artful metal object includes three butterflies that appear to flutter away from its ticking face. Their winged silhouettes align perfectly with the clock to pull off this innovative and illusive effect.
Includes 3 butterflies. Small: H 5" W 2.5". Medium: H 6" W 4". Large: H 8" W 7". Mounting hardware not included. Requires 1 AA battery (not included). Quartz movement. Designed and made in Italy.Time travel to Suburbia 1955 and experience these products from a whole new (old?) perspective on our blog.
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Enjoy 10% off your first order*


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As the Senate wrestles with healthcare reform over the next few weeks, it will leave tens of billions of dollars of potential savings on the table. By simply allowing Medicare recipients who wish to do so to buy their medical care abroad, the Senate could enable older Americans to afford better care, while achieving significant saving for taxpayers. More important, such reform would afford retired Americans an opportunity for a better standard of living.
The opportunity for enormous savings through the outsourcing of Medicare exists because of the gap between the price Americans pay for health care and the price people in other countries pay for comparable health outcomes.
The average annual per-person cost of health care in the United States in 2006 was $6,714, according to a recent study, "Free Trade in Health Care: The Gains from Globalized Medicare and Medicaid" by the Center for Economic and Policy Research. By comparison, the average per-person cost in 26 countries with longer life expectancies than the United States was $2,964.
Economists have long argued that such differences in costs create an opportunity to reap great benefits for both sides through globalization. Making Medicare reimbursable overseas is just such an initiative.
CEPR economists Dean Baker and Hye Jin Rho calculate that if only 10 percent of Medicare beneficiaries opted to live overseas and purchase their health care through foreign medical systems, the U.S. Treasury would save $8.6 billion a year by 2020. By 2030, the projected annual budget savings would increase to $19.5 billion. And by 2045, the annual budget savings could rise to almost $53.9 billion, in current dollars.
Over its first decade, a Medicare voucher system would result in total healthcare spending savings of $45 billion. By comparison, the healthcare legislation recently passed by the House would result in a net reduction in federal budget deficits of $104 billion over the 2010 to 2019 period, according to an assessment by the Joint Committee on Taxation. So if the Senate were to add Medicare outsourcing to the House bill, it would increase potential healthcare savings by 43 percent.
Such a Medicare voucher plan might work something like this: Each Medicare beneficiary would receive a voucher she or he could use to buy into the healthcare system of any country with a longer life expectancy than the United States, to ensure recipients get only the best care. The voucher would allow the beneficiary to move to that country and to be fully covered by its healthcare system.
CEPR proposes that the value of the voucher be based on the average cost of providing care in the countries with longer life expectancies, plus some differential between per-person Medicare expenditures in the United States and that cost.
To provide an inducement for other countries to participate, they would receive a premium above their costs. The U.S. Treasury and Medicare beneficiaries would split all savings.
For example, a retiree who moves to Canada, where healthcare costs are lower, would pocket $2,722 a year from the savings achieved by buying into the Canadian medical care system. By 2020, that person's benefit check would grow to $5,600, supplementing their expected Social Security benefits by 31 percent. With Social Security benefits currently accounting for more than half of the retirement income for two-thirds of retirees, such outsourcing would create an opportunity for the elderly to stretch their income and experience a much higher standard of living.
The savings to the U.S. Treasury and the supplemental income for retirees would be even greater if the person chose to retire to a country with even lower medical care costs. A beneficiary would pocket an additional $4,137 a year by retiring to the United Kingdom, for example, and $7,416 by moving to New Zealand.
A Medicare voucher system would be likely to spark investment in foreign countries by Marriott and other U.S. retirement community entrepreneurs, further broadening retirees' opportunity to obtain high quality health care with English-speaking medical personnel at a fraction of the cost in the United States.
U.S. citizens can already receive their Social Security payments abroad. But the absence of affordable, high-quality health care keeps most seniors from considering overseas retirement as an option. By including a Medicare voucher system in its legislation, or even an experiment involving one country, such as Canada, the Senate could ensure that such limitations are no longer an obstacle.
Outsourcing of Medicare is an admittedly radical proposition certain to be opposed by U.S. physicians, nurses and other protectionist interests in the U.S. healthcare establishment. But it is the just the kind of out-of-the-box thinking that is desperately needed to put America's health care spending on a more sustainable trajectory. And since it would be voluntary, if it's a bad idea, it will fail.
This article appears in the November 21, 2009 edition of NJ Daily.


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Featured by Craftgawker on 8/16/12 (link).
This one was quite a learning curve. I've seen a fair amount of water bottle / soda bottle bracelets and figured it couldn't be too hard.
This is what not to do: 1) use Mod Podge, 2) try using heat to seal it, unless you're better with an extinquisher than me; 3) use paint on any item that's likely to spring back towards you when you let it go, unless you want paint all over you; 4) work in an area heavily contaminated with animal fur; 5) wait till after you've made the bracelet to think about closures.
Having put all that to one side this is what did work:
Plastic bottles are surprisingly resistant to being cut, due mostly to their ability to squirt out of your hand while trying to grip them. In the end I found the most effective methodology was to stab the little bastards with a craft knife, then get my scissors in before they knew what hit them.
You want two of these of the same size. You're going to put one inside the other and make a kind of front and back (like a book) using tape as the spine.
Then you get a bit of duct tape: I recommend the newly available sheets rather than the rolls. The sheets come with backing paper & are much easier to control. It also means you can work slowly along the edge, pulling back the paper as you go. You want to end up with something like this:
At this stage you can open the bracelet like a book. Then you can put in the ribbon, paper, photos of your choice.
I went with ribbon because there are so many pretty ones that I just don't get to use any other way. So, I cut two pieces and slotted them in back-to-back. Then you just do more duct tape on the other side and on the short ends:
For the yellow one I used a magnetic pop closure: you poke them through the plastic, then flatten the tabs on the back. If you do this before you duct tape them together, then the ribbon & duct tape can cover them nicely.
I also made another one with a kind of mesh ribbon and used raffia string as a closure method.
So there you have it. I like having a way to utilize all the pretty ribbon that I've somehow accumulated, and once you get the hang of it these are pretty easy to throw together.
Let me know how it goes for you if you try it. And keep crafting, regardless.
Love, Em


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(Memphis) A young mother is behind bars after police said she tried killing two teenage girls.
Police said the terrifying moments for the two girls started in the South Memphis Market parking lot on Elvis Presley.
People walked inside the store Monday, but it was just outside where police said a woman began arguing with two girls.
The screaming and yelling then took a violent turn.
"They were fighting up here," Jonah Williams said.
Police said Devon Johnson pulled out a knife and stabbed one of the teens in the leg on Sunday.
The girls jumped in the car with Johnson's child's father and sped off for about three blocks.
Johnson followed the girls, police said.
The chase ended in 93-year-old Clemmie Anderson's front yard.
"Knocked them bushes down out there. I don't know what she was trying to do, but she was trying to run over somebody," Anderson said.
According to the police affidavit, Johnson pinned one of the girls between Anderson's house and the car. The other teenage girl was knocked to the ground by the force of the car.
"It made me feel pretty bad," Anderson said. "I had to cry."
Police caught up to Johnson moments later at another address and arrested her.
It's unclear how the girls escaped.
Only one of the girls went to the hospital. She is expected to be OK.
Johnson made her first court appearance on Monday and is locked up on a $250,000 bond.


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Below is the poem entitled The Roll Top Desk which was written by poet
Jones. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Donna Jones
She sits alone..
Everyone has said their final goodbyes
To her husband of sixty some years
Her seven children have never known
Or at least never mentioned..
How she never smiled
Just day to day
Did her job
Like the old man said
Bring me my......
Now there across the room
The forbidden..
His roll top desk
Head always hung low
Eyes never meeting his
She rises
Lifts her head
Approaches defiantly
Rolls back the heavy top
She's dusted a million times
She touches the things unfamiliar
Keys to the truck she never learned to drive
A checkbook she didn't know how to use
Legal papers she knew nothing about
His favorite cigarettes she couldn't smoke
His stash of booze she despised
Sat in the chair that was no longer HIS
Was this feeling loss?
©Donna Jones


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Skip to Main Content
Theory To Practice
Business Update
Annual Report
> News Article
Home improvements at Lehigh
Greg and Jean Farrington
As the fall semester comes to a close, the pace has become even livelier. Visions of term papers and final exams fill students' heads, but they know that the holidays and home await them just around the corner. So let us take this opportunity to wish each and every one of you a joyous holiday season.
As you prepare to welcome home your sons and daughters, we'd like to share with you some of what we all at Lehigh have been doing to make life at the university even more stimulating.
We place great emphasis on working constantly to improve the classroom academic experience of our students, and for good reason. They deserve the best education we can possibly offer. But we also understand the importance of enriching student life, because learning occurs at 2 a.m. as well as 2 p.m., and over pizza as well as in the seminar room.
Last year, the Task Force on Greek Life was created to study how Greek life was functioning on campus. The task force did a great job of putting together a creative plan to revitalize this key aspect of undergraduate life. This year, we are implementing their proposals with the goal of achieving a strong and healthy Greek community at Lehigh. Greek chapters can make an enormously positive contribution to student life on campus. But it's not easy, and high standards must apply. My charge to Greek houses is simple: "Be great or be gone, and we'll help you be great."
Of course, improving the Greek system will enhance the Lehigh experience for some students, but not the majority. Therefore, we are embarking on a comprehensive examination of all aspects of student life – to learn what we do well and what we could do even better—so stay tuned as we will be reporting back to you.
It is precisely because student life is so vitally important to our mission here that Ron Yoshida has assumed the position of Senior Vice President for External Relations and Campus Life. In this key new role, Ron will have responsibility for the critically important areas of Student Life, Admissions and Financial Aid, and Institutional Research, and also a close working relationship with Alumni Affairs. Ron is a natural with students and alumni—and obviously he has a broad understanding of Lehigh's academic and campus life. His success as provost—in which he led in implementing the 2020 initiative, in restoring our finances, in hiring dozens of outstanding faculty, and in countless interactions with students and alumni—make him ideal for his new portfolio and we are very pleased that he will be leading it.
In addition, Ron will take on a major external role in
Shine Forever
, the recently launched Campaign for Lehigh. He will work closely with the advancement staff and meet with alumni and friends of Lehigh while serving as a major external spokesman as the campaign accelerates.
This change in leadership created a vacancy in the position of provost and so it's equally exciting to announce that Mohamed El-Aasser, professor and dean of the P.C. Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Science, has assumed the role of provost, where he will focus on Lehigh's academic and intellectual life. (For an article on the recent reorganization,
click here
Over the course of the next year or so, we also will be making a number of important investments in the Lehigh campus. The renovation of Linderman Library is scheduled to begin after the spring semester as we transform this beautiful 19th century building into a 21st century state-of-the-art 19th century building and a center for the humanities. We also expect to begin renovations to Lamberton Hall in January to provide additional space for student activities and a student diner that will offer such healthy treats as cheese steaks, large hamburgers, and French fries.
From the classrooms to the residences, from the libraries to the athletic fields, and from the fraternities and sororities to the dining halls, we are working to make Lehigh even better. Because nothing but the best is good enough for Lehigh.
Happy holidays!
Greg and Jean Farrington
Lehigh University President's Office
Posted on Thursday, December 09, 2004
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Garrett Hedlund, Kristen Stewart and director Walter Salles attend 'On The Road' New York Screening at Disney Park Avenue on September 10, 2012 in New York City.
Public Appearances > 2012 > On The Road New York Screening 10/09/2012
This entry was posted on Monday, September 10th, 2012 at 6:53 pm and is filed under Appearances, Gallery Update, On The Road. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


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Bejeweled Midnight Asymmetrical Teardrop Earrings
- Color:
- turquoise
Qty: 1
- 1
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Please select an available size.
Please select a size.
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Description: 22K yellow gold plated brass and oxidized silver open asymmetrical teardrop earrings with round simulated turquoise cabochon details and pave cubic zirconia accents
- 1.3 inches long
- 0.6 inches at widest point
- Post back closure
Material: 22K yellow gold plated brass, oxidized silver, simulated turquoise, and cubic zirconia
Brand: Kanupriya
Origin: Imported


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From horse-drawn taxis to the Johnson City Transit System, public transportation here has come a long way.
But the form of public transportation that created the most stir among residents was the electric trolley.
By 1890 efforts were well under way to get the system built and running.
"Most other cities during that time had horse-drawn trolleys. By the time Johnson City was big enough," to warrant trolley transportation, electricity was already a part of the town's daily life.
As a result, Johnson City skipped the horse-drawn trolley and built the electric version.
Holston Light Company, which later became Watauga Lighting & Power Co., built the station to power the cars. Workers installed poles for the streetcar line and the wiring arrived in late 1890.
A historical book written by Johnny Graybeal, "The Railroads of Johnson City," also contains a section on the town's streetcars.
According to Graybeal's research, it took nearly a year before the first trolley load of passengers rode through town.
Graybeal documented an article in the Aug. 30, 1891, Daily Comet which described the day the first car started a test run.
According to that article, the first car started at the station on Roan Street at 5 p.m. "and it was crowded to its utmost capacity by citizens who have waited impatiently for the line to be completed."
Two trolley cars, with a capacity of 40 riders each, ran for the next four hours and were filled each time. There was also room for additional riders on the platforms and steps.
Even after dark, the trolley station was lit up "by ten arc and thirty incandescent lamps and darkness was entirely dispelled," the article said.
Just a few days after the first trip, a third trolley car arrived.
Initially, the streetcar tracks ran along Main Street to Roan Street, down Roan to Watauga Avenue, from Watauga to New Street and over to Second Avenue and back to North Main Street.
More lines were added to Carnegie and "the Oaklands," according to Graybeal's book.
Just a few days after the trial run, a third car arrived to be added to the fleet, and by the end of September 1891 streetcars were running on three miles of track.
In October 1891, the trolley system, named the Johnson City and Carnegie Street Railroad Company, began a regular schedule of stops.
"They offered a great convenience to the city, passing certain points every twenty minutes," Graybeal notes in his book.
The depression of the early 1890s apparently hurt business for the trolley, and by October 1894 cars were only operating from 5 p.m. until 9 p.m.
In December, the trolley stopped running completely and would remain idle until June 1896. The trolley started at 7:20 a.m. on a run from the depot to Lake Watausee, a man-made lake at the edge of town in the Carnegie section. The trolley ran every 20 minutes all day until 8:40 p.m.
Over the next few years, the company made various changes to the trolley schedule, including times and routes.
The trolley's fate was sealed, apparently, when the power company built its new plant on the Watauga River.
"This changeover was the last straw for the trolley line," Graybeal wrote in his book.
So, in 1900 the trolley line ceased operation and much of the track was taken up and sent to the ET&WNC railroad company.
Just a year later, however, when the Soldier's Home was built, Watauga Light & Power Company considered rebuilding the trolley line. That did finally happen, and the trolley system's operation would ebb and flow for the next 30 years.
In the 1909 publication, Johnson City — The Way We Were, it's noted that the city had one of the best trolley systems around.
"Johnson City possesses one of the most thoroughly modern and well-equipped electric street railway lines in the country. They have about five miles of trackage, leading from the suburb of Carnegie on the east, to the Mountain Branch Soldier's Home on the west. The cars are all first-class and make good schedule. The Johnson City Traction Company -- for such is its name -- is one of the most public-spirited institutions we have, and is one of the first and foremost to offer inducements to, and assist in, the promotion of the new enterprises, and its officers are among the leading members of the Commercial Club."
But as the city grew and new technology became available, electric streetcars were pushed out. The last streetcar in Johnson City ran in 1932.
But public transportation was already taking a new turn with a switch to bus service.
It wasn't the Johnson City Transit system as it's known today, but soon after the trolleys stopped, buses took their place.
In 1979, the JCT dedicated its first mini-bus fleet on a fixed-route service, with First Lady Rosyln Carter there for the ribbon-cutting.
The milestones for JCT took the system from that small fleet to 30 buses, then medium-duty small buses.
Many of the JCT bus upgrades were funded through federal and state grants.
By 2003, the system added the Molley Trolley, a throwback to the electric trolley of the 1890s.
The JCT has continued to upgrade and improve its system with new buses and new fixed routes as the city continues to grow.
This year, the JCT will implement vehicle location technology as well.


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The Insurance Industry in the UAE, Key Trends and Opportunities to 2017
- Language: English
- 283 Pages
- Published: April 2014
- Region: United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates Insurance Report provides independent forecasts and competitive intelligence on United Arab Emirates's insurance industry.
We believe that the UAE will avoid an economic contraction in 2009 – but only just. Further negative news in the property market has shaken investor and consumer confidence, and growth in these two components of growth domestic product will drop considerably.
The coming year will be a difficult one for the UAE. We have revised down our growth forecasts once again on the back of a worsening export sector, weakness in the construction market, job losses and increased investor caution. It is possible that the country could fall into recession – defined as two consecutive quarters of negative growth – during the year, but this will be difficult to assess given the lack of quarterly data provided by the central bank. Overall, we believe that real GDP will grow by 1.0% in 2009, rising to a healthier 3.4% in 2010. Much of the worst news will come out of Dubai; this is the Emirate that is most closely integrated with the global economy and the one that has experienced the most rapid growth in recent years. Abu Dhabi has greater natural wealth thanks to its oil reserves, but economic weakness in Dubai will undoubtedly have some feed-through effects across all Emirates.
Once again, the property and construction market, particularly in Dubai, is integral to our view. Bad news has been emanating from the sector for several months, and we have previously highlighted before the likelihood of price falls in the residential sector in particular, due to oversupply and weakening investor confidence. What has changed during the last quarter is the stance of property developers. As recently as October or even November 2008, most major developers were insisting all their construction plans remained on track, saying that financing was not a problem and that they remained confident of finding buyers for all new projects. Since the last quarter, we have made two major changes to the data in this report. First, we have – to the greatest extent possible – incorporated hard figures that have been made available by the regulator(s) and trade association(s) in each country. In some cases, therefore, we have begun to include numbers that pertain to the development of the insurance sector through the early stages of the global financial crisis. Second, we have extended our forecasts out to 2013. In all cases, we have reviewed the key growth drivers – non-life penetration and life density – incorporated in our forecasts.
The global financial crisis is likely to affect the various segments of the global insurance industry in different ways. In many countries, especially in Europe, the coming recession points to softness in the nonlife segment. In many cases, numbers of policies may fall and there should be downwards pressure on premiums. By contrast, the main problem for the life segment in almost every country is the extreme volatility of financial markets. Over the longer term however, the fortunes of life insurance will likely recover thanks to the secular growth of organised savings in most countries. China – where the larger insurance companies continue to achieve double digit growth in premium income – is a good example of this. Some particular niches should also do well in the current environment, such as legal liability insurance. In the Middle East and North Africa, we profile 17 companies. These are: AGF, AIG, Allianz, Aviva, AXA, Cardif, ERGO, Eureko, Fortis, Generali, Groupama, HSBC Insurance, Liberty Mutual, MAPFRE, RSA, UNIQA, and Zurich Financial Services.
We also look at a number of the smaller local firms that are active in the region, particularly in Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
Our Insurance Business Environment Rating for UAE is 56.9. SHOW LESS READ MORE >
The Sector At A Glance ...
Table: The UAE Insurance Sector At A Glance
Key Insights On The United Arab Emirates' Insurance Sect
UAE Insurance Industry SWOT
Development of our Insurance Reports
Table: Selected European Countries: Projected Budget And Current Account, 2008 (as % of GDP)
Projections And Forec
Table: Insurance Data And Projections, 2006-2013
Projections And Drivers Of Growth
Table: Growth Drivers, 2005-2013
Country Update
Macroeconomic Outlook
Table: United Arab Emirates - Economic Activity
Political Outlook
Table: UAE Insurance Business Environment
Table: Middle East And Africa Insurance Business Environment Rankings
Regional Context
Table: Non-Life Premiums In A Regional Context, 2008
Table: Life Premiums In A Regional Context, 2008
Table: Comparison Of Major Lines As % Of Non-Life Premiums, 2006
Analysis Of Competitive Conditions
Regional Overview
Total: Overview Of Local Insurance Companies In The UAE, 2006 And 2007 (US$mn)
Table: Overview Of Local Insurance Companies In Kuwait, 2006 And 2007 (US$mn)
UAE – Non-Life Segment
UAE – Life Segment
Company Profiles
HSBC Insurance
Liberty Mutual
Country Snapshot: UAE Demographic Data
Section 1: Population
Table: Demographic Indicators, 2005-2030
Table: Rural/Urban Breakdown, 2005-2030
Section 2: Education And Healthcare
Table: Education, 2002-2005
Table: Vital Statistics, 2005-2030
Section 3: Labour Market And Spending Power
Table: Employment Indicators, 2000-2004
Table: Consumer Expenditure, 2000-2012 (US$)
Basis Of Projections
Insurance Business Environment Rating
Table: Insurance Business Environment Indicators And Rationale
Table: Weighting Of Indicators
-HSBC Insurance
-Liberty Mutual


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Takeru Kobayashi, the former owner of the of the coveted Mustard Belt from 2001-2206, held by the winner of the annual Nathan's Hot Dog Eating contest (which takes place every July 4th on Coney Island), has decided to end his career. Apparently this is due to an agreement, or lack-there-of, between Kobayashi and the Major League Eating (MLE). It seems they want exclusive rights on when and where their eaters compete and Takeru is not kosher with that.
I've watched him compete every year at Coney Island and I love rooting for him. Recently he's been loosing to the current champ, and American, Joey Chestnut. Joey has won the last 3 years and holds the current record of 68 hot dogs and buns in 12 minutes. Another MLE member, Bob Shoudt, speculated that Kobayashi left the competition in fear of coming in third place for the first time, behind himself in first and Chestnut in second.
Either way, and whatever happens in the long run, he is a much respected competitive eater and it's sad to see him leaving. Some of his current records are:
- Brats: 58 Johnsonville Brats / Brat Days / 10 Minutes/ Aug. 5, 2006
- Cow Brains: 57 (17.7 pounds) / 15 minutes
- Lobster Rolls: 41 Lobster Rolls in Boston challenge / 10 minutes/Sept. 23, 2006
- Rice Balls: 20 pounds rice balls / 30 minutes


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Crusaders Named D3Football.com All-Americans
Senior safety John Lunardi, of Exton, Pa., and sophomore punter Bobby Eppleman, of Chester Springs, Pa., earned spots on the 2008 D3Football.com All-America team Dec. 20.
Lunardi and Eppleman both landed on the D3Football.com all–East Region first team on Dec. 9 before earning this second-team All-America honor. Eppleman was the only non-junior or senior to land on the All-America first or second team.
Junior offensive tackle Drew Champney, of Victor, N.Y., was an all-region third-teamer.
Lunardi, a 2008 Susquehanna co-captain, finished the season ranked second in NCAA Division III in passes defended per game with 2.10 (21 in 10 games). He led the Liberty League in that category, as well as in passes broken up (16). He also intercepted five passes for 72 return yards and made 61 tackles (34 solo), including one for a loss. He was an all-Liberty first-teamer this year.
Eppleman was an all-Liberty first-teamer at punter this year and a second-team honoree at place-kicker. His average of 42.74 yards per punt was good for third in Division III. He led the Liberty in that category. He also set a Susquehanna record this year with a 73-yard punt in a 10–3 win over Juniata College on Sept. 13. Fourteen of his punts landed inside the opponents' 20-yard line in 2008, and none were blocked. He was the Liberty's Special Teams Player of the Week on Sept. 15 and Oct. 6.
Champney was a unanimous all-Liberty first-teamer this year. The 6-foot-3, 280-pound left tackle started all 10 games for Susquehanna last season and protected the blind side of a right-handed quarterback. He also helped pave the way for a multiple-record-breaking tailback.
Contributing writers to Scoreboard are Robert Edward Healy III, Cory Prescott '10 and Kelly Stemcosky '11.


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Less than 4 years ago hemodialysis was first attempted in the homes of patients with chronic uremia because hemodialysis in a center was not available to them (1-3). Initially home treatment was a cumbersome experimental endeavor but has evolved rapidly into a practical and successful means of treating end-stage kidney disease. Maintenance dialysis now can be made available to almost anyone who is capable of learning to treat himself in his own home. Furthermore, treatment in the home rather than the center can provide opportunity for more dialysis and therefore better control of the azotemic state and at less than
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