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Dec 30 2008
The Dichotomy of Motherhood
First, a confession: I think I used the word dichotomy incorrectly in the title of this post. But dichotomy is one of those words whose usage has somewhat veered from the original meaning, so I'm just going with the diluted, dumbed-down version because I feel comfortable enough around you all to shoot high and miss. Miserably. And hey, if anyone ever just clicks on my site, reads the titles of the posts, then leaves without reading the entire post, I'm home free—they might even think I'm smart.
And now. For the post.
Gosh, I can sure talk something to death, can't I?
Don't answer that.
This is my sister, Betsy. She six years younger than me and just had her first baby last July—an experience I shared with you here, because, as my sister, Betsy is required to permit me to share whatever aspects of her life I want to share. That whole "I respect my family's privacy" does not apply to Betsy, because she is pretty much me, but in another body. A skinnier, more olive-skinned body, granted…but still.
My baby nephew, Elliot, was such a welcome member of the family. Betsy had had two consecutive miscarriages in the year leading up to his birth, and though she's always been a roll-with-the-punches type of gal and didn't have all her hopes hanging on having a child, she began to worry a bit when she realized it might not happen for her. But Matt, her tech nerd husband, has a twelve-year-old daughter named Reagan, whom Betsy loves as her own, so if a baby didn't happen, she probably would have been more equipped to handle it than the average gal.
Then Elliot was born. And Betsy fell in love.
Betsy fell in deep, mindnumbing, feel-it-in-your-core love.
My oldest can't stay away from him.
And Reagan loves Elliot like he's been a part of her life forever.
So what could possibly be wrong? The baby is perfect, everyone loves him, and Betsy loves him most of all. The end.
Or not.
It's been interesting to see my little sister adapt to motherhood. While she's completely smitten with her new baby, she's also been complete blindsided by the day-in, day-out rigors of caring for a tiny child. Ironically, everyone in my family—Betsy included—assumed that she, more than anyone, would be equipped to handle things. After all, she was a consistent presence when each of my four babies were born, walking the floor and rubbing their tummies during the difficult first months of their lives. My brother had two babies, too, and Betsy was right there to step in and help. And she always knew what to do.
But having her own baby? By Betsy's own admission, it's been a gut check. Caring for your sister's baby for a few hours at a time here and there, she has discovered, doesn't hold a candle to being the single source of nutrition and daily care for a big, chubby, growing baby boy. At the age of 34, she's officially experiencing the most difficult time in her life. Suddenly, the confidence and grace with which she dealt with the early months of her nieces' and nephews' lives has *poof* flown out the window, and while it's getting increasingly better, she still feels like she's wandering around in the wilderness half the time. I try to give her advice and support, but the perspective of someone who's lived through it four times sometimes isn't much help to someone who's deep in the trenches with her first baby. By the fourth baby, you let them juggle knives; if it's your first, though, you want to do everything by the book.
Bless her little heart.
At the same time, though, she's never been happier. It doesn't matter how profound the sleep deprivation is, or how many times a day she has to carry Elliot around the house and keep him occupied. She still gasps every time she sees him…and she wouldn't change it for the world.
It's the most difficult thing she's ever done…and the most wonderful.
This is the dichotomy of motherhood.
(Or is it a paradox?)
And furthermore, this photo has nothing to do with today's post:
452 Comments
Stef On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
Beautiful Betsy
Colleen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
Simone On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
How very lovely! Kids are the best.
Thanks for sharing!
Mitzi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
Good morning
Bridgette On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
Sweet pictures!
Colleen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:21 am
Shoot! Second! Now I'll go back and read!
Tabitha (From Single to Married) On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:22 am
I love this post! We're trying for our first baby and I love to hear about other new moms. As a side note – it's amazing how much you and your sister look alike – such a cutie!
Tabitha @ http://www.fromsingletomarried.com
Janelle On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:23 am
She looks so beautiful and he is so cute. I love the blue outfit.
AZPrincess On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:24 am
I hope you know how blessed you are to have such a wonderful family!
ann On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:24 am
So…you are signing up to be a guest speaker at my Lamaze classes? For the "gut-check" phrase. Also, I love the last picture, the one where the boots are oh-so-carefully OFF the edge of new couch.
Stacy On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:25 am
Great photos and I happen to like that final photo, too!
Deb On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:26 am
The last picture – Peace Out
shannon On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:26 am
I love the nappers in the background of the last pic
hi-d On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:26 am
Beautiful pictures. You're so blessed to have a sister!
Steffie van den Akker On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:26 am
Gamma On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:27 am
Ree, that baby is absolutely adorable. You really captured the true depth of Motherhood. She looks so completely fulfilled. I love reading your blog and checking out your pictures. I happen to have some single girlfriends if Cowboy Josh is available.
We are having family in town this weekend and your cinnamon rolls are on the menu. We made them and took a pan to our local fire department to thank them for driving Santa around our neighborhood on the back of their truck. They were a huge hit.
I hope you and your family have a very blessed New Year and that you have to hand over a check for $365.00 to Mike this time next year.
MichelleSG On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:27 am
Oh yeah, motherhood for the first time. It has it's ups and downs….I'm just sayin'.
Heather R On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:28 am
Marni On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:28 am
great pictures!!
Jennifer Robinson On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:28 am
Adorable pictures!
LeAnna On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:29 am
Aww, thanks for sharing this. I have dealt with a miscarriage and now I'm 3 weeks away from having a sweet baby boy. We're so excited, but I know it will be a whole new chapter in an entirely new book of life! Gut checks and all!
kikibibi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:29 am
Elliot…. wow adorable!!!
Brat On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:29 am
Ooooh, love the new baby smell! I love the pictures of your oldest with Elliot!
Is that MM on the couch in the last picture?
"By the fourth baby, you let them juggle knives;" ROFL! OMG, isn't that the truth?
Domestic Goddess (in training) On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:29 am
I have two children, 2 and a half and 4 months, and the blissful "can't believe I created this perfect little human" thing wears off quickly after daily bouts of colic from 5p to 11p and trying to make the toddler stop bouncing his brother to death in the jumperoo. I remember a time when my first slept through the night and was able to occupy himself for awhile during the day so I could… I dunno… shower. But that life left upon the arrival of number two. I cling to the hope that it will come back some day, when Jack sleeps through the night and the boys play together so that I can shower, or do dishes, or take a breath. I know its out there… I just have to wait for it. Betsy does too… it will come.
corrie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:30 am
I love love love his chubby-wubby fingers!!!
What a sweet bundle of joy!
P.S. after my mishaps at cooking Christmas Eve dinner for the family it was heartening to read of your prime rib
"situation" for the UFC event. Sorry~ but it made me feel like "it's not just me"… so, Thank you!
Kath On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:30 am
I think it's like all profound life experiences, until you do it, you just don't know. Kind of like falling in real love. Happy holidays to you and yours, Ree!
chocolatechic On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:30 am
Motherhood is a true dichotomy.
Annette On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:30 am
Oh these pictures absolutely made me ache! My "baby" is 12 years old now, so just the beautiful pictures of his long eyelashes made me sigh. Thank you for sharing, and Betsy you are doing a wonderful job!
Julie at Elisharose On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:31 am
So true, so true. It is the most wonderful and the most life altering experience there is.
Helen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:31 am
Elliot is adorable! And Betsy is beautiful as well.
Mitzi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:31 am
It's been days since I was able to post a comment. Good to see that whatever the problem was, it has been resolved.
I just wanted to say that the job requirements for parenthood are astonishing. Forget stretch marks, sleep deprivation, and the adolescent years. Nope, the kicker is that if you do the job right, your child, for whom you would gladly die if needed, walks away without a backward glance, to assume a life of their own. Of course they will come back and visit, but they will leave the nest you made for them and set out to make one of their own, just like you did. It is the right thing to do but parting is hard for the parent. Not so for the child.
Erin On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:32 am
You couldn't have described what she's going through better, I know because I'm there currently. I have so many nephews/nieces…been an aunt since I was 17, but even that couldn't help prepare me for how incredible and difficult being a mother {a breastfeeding mother at that} could be.
Great post.
Heidi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:33 am
haha – love the 'knife juggling' part. I am holding our 4th (he's a couple days older than Elliot) – and can absolutely relate to the way WE change from #1 on down. I love LOVE to watch new moms and then watch as they change with more kiddos. Motherhood – the BEST! life education you can get…
Brenda On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:33 am
I am old and a Nana now and things have changed terribly since my babies were babies.
I have a girlfriend that just had her first and I am trying to give her advice and help her out as much as I can but it's true, that first time in the trenches is mindnumbing. After another child or two you do chill the hell out and being a Nana, you really chill out. I feel for her and I am also just a smidge jealous.
Jennie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:33 am
Uh. That picture of the thumb and the forehead. Adorable.
Violet On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:33 am
That last photo has everything to do with the post!
I'm learning that the most difficult things often are the most wonderful – maybe that's why they are so difficult.
Kim W On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:33 am
What a wonderful commentary from a wonderful big sis! I am a surviving twin and I have ALWAYS envied the sister/sister relationship (as my only other sibling is an older brother). I watch my 2 girls (almost 21 and almost 18) cut up, fight, laugh, cry, tease w/private jokes, finish each other's sentences, recite endless movies lines and hear them upstairs belly-laughing late at night and I am so grateful that, at least, I get to watch my 2 enjoy each other.
It's so cool that you and Betsy are so close and can enjoy each other and your kids. I'm sure you are such a source of advice, relief and fun stories of your own kids going through the stages that Betsy has questions about. (Although, I have the sneaking feeling that Betsy's kids won't drive by the time they're 10 and spend the day counting calf nuts! ) You're a great big sis!
Blessings from Ohio…
Aliya On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:34 am
Oh motherhood, such a bittersweet journey…
I also feel I should (or want to mention) that I too had a miscarriage, and my mother 5. I found when it happened to me I felt like I was the only one in the world, until almost every woman I knew told me they too had had 1 or more. Then I thought, why doesn't anyone tell you this so you're prepared. Maybe they do and you don't want to hear it, or they don't wish it on you, or they don't want to rain on your parade of joy. Anyway, I just thought it was odd, like a secret society you don't know about, until you're in it. Thanks for listening, I realize this post was not about "this", however it really is the beginning of the motherhood bittersweet paradox. Wanting something so badly, but also having to be open to the journey, from beginning to end, and all the gray hairs in between… lol
Shawna On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:34 am
How very blessed she is. Sleep will come later… At least I keep telling myself that (mines 6).
Heidi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:34 am
… and… the fact that you have all those kids is precisely why you're ok with boots on your couch…;)
Dana (The Homesteading Housewife) On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:34 am
He is just too cute!!
How on earth that child has any cheeks left is beyond me! I would have them smooched off pretty darn fast!
great description of new-motherhood too!
Been there, done that.. many ,many many many many (yep, thats 5) times!
TheTanofA On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:35 am
I was a little late on the bandwagon, but Happy Birthday, Ree! I know it's the big one that comes after 39 ;)– all the more reason to celebrate! I.e., you're awesome, and I hope your birthday surpasses your happiest days.
Melanie in Nebraska On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:35 am
I know exactly what she is going through. Except this is my second child. It still feels like my first because my other daughter is five. I am almost 33 and I believe it was easier five years ago. I am so tired.
I lost two before my first also. It is very hard when you don't know if you can ever have a child. But now I can smile and thank God for the two beautiful girls I have (even if I am tired).
Dharmamama On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:36 am
Ohhh, early motherhood. Mercy. My oldest was probably a good 18 months old before I felt centered and grounded and… myself again. The thing is, you're never your old self after having a child. There's a lot of letting go, sometimes grieving your old life. THAT'S a dichotomy – holding grief and profound joy in your heart at the same time. Or maybe paradox. Some mamas don't let it happen – they don't really let the baby change them or their lives. But, if you're deeply connected, it HAS to change. YOU have to change. There's no way around it. (If you want a connection with your child, that is.) It's OK, Betsy! You're OK. Just do the next right thing – nurse the baby, change the diaper. It'll fall into place before long, I promise! You have forever, ya know?
(The thing that helped me most? Meditation. Being in the moment. And someone holding the baby so I could shower helped a lot, too.)
Bev On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:36 am
Sweet, all of them.
Katie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:36 am
Yikes, I'm nervous to have babies. I am in the same boat Betsy was, having fun with my sisters babies but in reality, have no idea what it is REALLY like to have a child of my own. I'm quakin' in my boots!
alayna On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:37 am
Oh, girl! Hang in there! I have 4 kids of my own, and hands-down, the hardest 1 was that first one! (except our 4th one was born with cancer, so that did make him a wee bit harder, but still, that first one was hard!) It is so hard to have this whole other person who you are totally responsible for their every need – no matter how much you love & wanted them. Give yourself a break – get away even for a few hours and do something that makes you feel you have accomplished something. I remember just going outside to our exceedingly weedy flower bed and weeding it (which I normaly hate to do!) and I cried half the time and pounded that trowel into the ground, and when I was done it looked so beautiful and clean and it felt so good to know I would not have to repeat it in 3 hours! (Maybe in 3 weeks, but that never happened! It was the first and last time I have ever enjoyed weeding a flower bed!) So, hang in there! I know you are a great mom, and it does get easier, you might even consider doing it again someday. And if you do, it will be infinitely easier! (My 2nd one was hands-down my easiest baby!) I did everything by the book with my first one, and with my 2nd one, we'd found our own groove, and it was marvelous. You're doing great! Now, go take a nap!
Colleen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:37 am
I waited eight years for my own baby, but while I waited, I took care of lots of other babies in my home day care. It got so my friends with first babies would call me to ask questions even though I had no child of my own. I had no doubst that I would be an expert at taking care of Caitie when we brought her home from the hospital. Was I wrong! I remember feeling helpless and overwhelmed. When it is your own child things change. I was totally responsible for the health and happiness of this little being.
With lots of support from my family, I found out that I could be a single mom. Caitie is now married and looking forward to being a mother herself and I'm looking forward to being a grandma!
Lone Maas alias Female Farmer On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:38 am
Always missed a sister…
Dona On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:38 am
Betsy looks so beautiful!!
Chick's wife On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:39 am
Betsy, I feel your pain! Or should I say exhaustion?? I think the first 8 weeks of my son's life is a total blur to me. I felt like one big dripping mess from every orifice. Sorry men. And oh, the exhaustion! But it's heavenly to watch that tiny baby grow. And we only fall deeper in love with them, don't we?
and PS love the last picture. It made me laugh, thinking of my DH who can't take mushy moments on TV and has to start talking or leave the room. :rolleyes
Lisa On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:39 am
I feel like that about my marriage- its the hardest and most wonderful thing I've ever done in my life. Not hard in the sense that our relationship struggles- but it is difficult at times to find the new balance with my husband after being on my own for so long. I was so used to being the only one in charge of my finances, my schedule, my future. Its been really hard, but truly the most wonderful thing in my world. I guess that describes most of the best things in life, though, huh?
Heidi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:41 am
Amen to that I have a 7 month old and he is my fourth child, but with the rest of my chillens I was back to work my 6 weeks and with him I have been able to stay home and I so know that feeling I love him to death all of my punks for that matter. I just get over how he is so much differant or I am, than the rest it is so crazy. He makes my day light up and thinks I can't do it another minute all at the same time. No one will every understand it intill you are a mother.
Thanks I needed this post this morning
stephanie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:42 am
I feel her pain. I have an almost 5 month old baby boy. The first 8 weeks were bad, but he began sleeping through the night shortly there after. He still sleeps through most nights. I thank God everyday that we were blessed with such a beautiful baby.
Brandi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:43 am
I felt that way with my first. We had struggled with infertility for a few years, and then were able to adopt a beautiful baby boy. Caring for a baby was so much harder than I expected, and I found myself wondering if we'd made the right decision in adopting, and then feeling horribly guilty about even thinking that after wishing for a baby for so long.
DivaHick On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:43 am
I'm actually jealous of her…
Patty W On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:44 am
Beautiful Betsy!
Love the last photo too !
JoDee On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:44 am
That boy of yours is cool!!
Deb On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:45 am
What a profound post! Just a few minutes ago, my daughter and her husband just asked if we would keep the baby for a few hours. He's been fussy for the last two nights and keep his parents jumping all night. After a trip to the doctor's, as often new parents do when their baby is, well, acting like a baby, he has been stamped with good health. Now we are watching little Jack, who is fast asleep in our room (giggle) and they have gone home to sleep.
Jack is probably teething…and the doctor said instead of Ora-gel…just give him a little Jack Daniels on their fingers! Gawd..I love it when doctors revert back to the things my grandmother said to do!
Children change everything. Babies change your children's lives in ways you can appreciate from afar!
Anne On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:45 am
>It's the most difficult thing she's ever done…and the most wonderful.
Ain't it the truth.
Btw PW – I like the knife juggling thing with the 4th child I hear ya loud and clear.
My thing was a little dirt won't kill em, builds up their immunities LOL
Tammy On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:45 am
My VERY high maintenance sister-in-law is 4 months prego and already freaking out. She can't go under the tanning bulbs so now she is a white girl like the rest of us. And she feels fat! What could be worse right? OOHH just wait until that little bundle of joy pops out and you won't be able to spend 3 hours doing hair and makeup every morning! Babies are such a character builder! Her plight will keep me entertained daily for years to come, I'm sure of it.
SierraSnowSoaps On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:45 am
I am so happy for her. Children are a blessing. I never knew I could love another so much until I had my daughter.
Michelle in NV
judi On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:45 am
Bless her heart. I remember those days of such sheer emotion and exhaustion. I'm sure it helps her to have a sister who is so proud. (and so good with words.)
Happy New Year Pioneer Woman!
Amy On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:48 am
Gosh, I just had to respond because this post is just so true. You can never prepare, no matter how much preparation you do, for having a child and being a mother. It is whole heartedly consuming, yet in a wonderful way. Thoughts of my daughter are always occupying my brain even three years later. The one thing I have learned as many other mothers have along the way, is that any difficulty shall pass, and much sooner than you think (in hinds sight, of course). I hope that Betsy knows she is not alone in the learning how to adapt phase, every mother has gone through it, which I am sure you have told her!
Margie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:49 am
My own daughter is right in the trenches with her. Having just had her first baby 10 months ago — and me being 3 hours away — I wish I could help her out more but I do get to visit every 2 weeks. And you described it perfectly! She is utterly exhausted and just when I think she will lose it, she smiles and gasps! at the length of his eyelashes or the sweet smell of his neck, or the beautiful smile that adorns his face.
I will forward this post to her — she needs to know about the dichotomy of motherhood is not a singular, lonely experience!
Lynette, Okla On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:49 am
I remember. I didn't think it would happen for me. My husband & I were married 10 years and we had 5 grandchildren through his children, but not for me. Then after 3 miscarriages at 36-38 years old, it happened. I cherished morning sickness in the afternoon, I cherished the 18 hr labor and then a c-section and every long night breastfeeding, He's 7 now and the love of our lives! I'm still so thankful for the hard times!!
dlyn On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:50 am
We returned a couple days ago from grandchildren-land, where we spent Christmas and as much as I adore and worship the little buggers, it is nice to be able to hold a thought in my head for more than 3 seconds. Okay – 2 seconds. The dichotomy continues…
Jen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:50 am
The last photo has EVERYTHING to do with the post, because no matter how stressful it is now for Betsy as a new mom, before you know it they will no longer be a baby and into the next stage, and then not a toddler anymore but into the next stage . . . .you get the picture of this terribly long sentence. Before she knows it, her baby will be the peace punk posing for the camera My baby is 12 and the oldest of the cousins, so I am (thankfully) still enjoying the babies that keep coming (from elsewhere), but boy, do I miss those days myself! All you can do is be there to support– which you all do, wonderfully!
Suzanne On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:51 am
Beautiful pictures of both Betsy and Elliot. So glad that you are getting a good visit with them at this time of year. And let it be said once again… Motherhood is a hard job!
Half Assed Kitchen On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:52 am
That's a good description of early motherhood!
Angie (from over at http://www.HalfAssedKitchen.com)
Stephanie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:52 am
If you hadn't said anything, I never would've thought twice about "dichotomy." Whatever that is.
Greeneyes Martha On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:53 am
Welcome to Motherhood Betsy!
It's a constant roller coaster. The sooner a mom just submits to that fact, well, nothing, it doesn't make it any easier.
But at least you know that the next hill or valley is about to take your stomach away…again!!! Kids do that to ya!
It's so fun, and what a Blessing!!!
He's beautiful and so are you! I'm serious. B E A-utiful!!!!
You have a wonderful sister who will always be there for ya. Lucky bum!!
Enjoy every second of baby Eliot…they grow so fast!!!
jensamom On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:53 am
Oh how I remember those days and nights and endless feedings. My oldest is a teenager, my youngest is 4 and one in the middle. I definately did things differently with my first born….Your mention of by the book and then knives is SOOOOO true! You are doing a great job, Betsy, I am sure.
Miz Booshay On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:53 am
Whatever it is….it is true.
The hardest, best thing I have ever done.
Beloved, exhausting, confounding, heart-stealing-infants.
Hang in there for a few more months….
it's much easier once baby sleeps thru the night.
JennB On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:53 am
Oh the seasons of life…. she will soon transition and I do know it is hard. I have had two miscarriages as well and it was encouraging to hear that she had a healthy little one after both of hers. Elliot is a doll!
Texas Rhea On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:54 am
Betsy is beautiful, and Elliot looks amazing in that deep blue.
No matter how much you try, no one can be fully prepared for the impact of motherhood of a newborn. It's amazing…and all consuming.
Great photos, Ree.
Janet On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:54 am
Betsy sounds like an awesome sister, always jumping in to help. How sweet that she was blessed with that little cutie pie! And what a neat family to be born into! I'm still trying to figure out a way to get into your family!
PatriotGirl On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:55 am
wow… you and Betsy REALLY look alike. hey…did you photoshop your face on hers….?
I could smell the baby smell while looking at your pictures of Elliot.
Terri Steffes On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:56 am
My baby is 23 and your post reminded me of how much that beginning part weighs on you. I need a nap.
Melanie On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:57 am
Tell her that she will make it through. I had my son at 26 and I had those same feelings. I am now 40 and I wish that there would have been more talk about the way I was feeling. It was overwhelming. I really didn't feel like myself until Caden turned 2 yrs. old but then it really kicked in and I have never looked back. I feel for her and wish her luck. It will all come together. Elliott is BEAUTIFUL and he looks like she's doing a great job. Happy New Year!
Christy On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:57 am
Oh how well I remember the complete panic I felt when my Mom, who stayed with us for 10 days after my son was born, left. I had no real idea what to do, of course I had read every book on babies that I could get my hands on but to be left in charge of a little person was rather daunting! I finally had to let myself get over myself – does that make sense? and go with my gut and I guess 14 years and a daughter later, I'm doing okay! Except now puberty has hit my son and I truly believe that I would take colic and diarrhea (affectionately known as "the grease" at our house) over the moody, cranky, over-reactive person that has taken over my son's body!! I can't wait for the same to hit my daughter in a few years!!!!
Luna On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:57 am
I love a Widow's Peak!! Moms are so beautiful.
Rhonda in Oklahoma On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:58 am
Beautiful post, and a lot of good food for thought. Thank you for sharing about your sister Betsy and her family! Precious photos of your oldest daughter and Elliot – definitely a bond there. That's great to see her and Reagan (and I'm sure tons of others!) spoiling him rotten with LOVE. A thing like that is never regretted.
About the last photo — I'd say the lodge is wasting no time in getting "broke in," and getting that "lived-in" look! LOL But even with that said, the place looks great!
Theresa in Alberta On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:58 am
You are doing an excellant job of being a first time mom Betsy !!!! With the help of Regan and Ree number's 2 and up should be a snap:-)
Wendy2 in WA On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:59 am
What wonderful pictures.
Lennye On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:59 am
I have a question…can you tell us more about the couches in the lodge? I just bought a new house and I'm loving the lodge furniture.
eg fromMA On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:59 am
you have a cool family and the coolest pics!!!!
Chris A. On Tuesday, December 30 at 10:59 am
Love the pics! and that last one just reminds me of "peace out"! LOL! Yes, I always compare having a baby to the most wonderful and terrifying experience of life.
Carrie On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:01 am
Dichotomy is the perfect word for first time motherhood. I'm glad I'm not the only one that let things 'go' a little by #4 (believe me a little boy can make ANYTHING become a knife or gun).
Motherhood, the most wonderful horrifying state of being.
jayne On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:01 am
"the fourth one juggling knives" Now that's hysterical but so true!
John Deere Mom On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:01 am
I swear this post could have been written about me. Except the skinny, olive-skinned part. Motherhood has been much more difficult than I ever could have imagined. I thank God for my children everyday..as well as for the strength to get through the day with a smile on my face and no gray hairs.
Gayle On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:01 am
You've perfectly described what it's like to have your first baby. I only have three so I didn't get up to the letting them juggle knives stage!
Betsy looks so much like you! I never noticed that before.
Lana On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:02 am
My 3 are 13 and 9, and I still remember the foggyness like it was yesterday.
BTW, your oldest boy looks so much like mine. Especially in the last pic. Same hair, blue eyes, jeans, same shoes and jacket, and reponse to a camera pointed in his direction. Peace out.
Joan On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:02 am
What do you mean the last picture has nothing to do with the post. I think it has EVERYTHING to do with the post. The Lodge is looking very lived in. I think dichotomy may just be the perfect word.
MariaV On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:02 am
Beautiful photos of Besty and Elliot.
That last photo is funny. I heard "Peace Out" when I looked at it.
BrandyBrooke On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:02 am
I am so happy that she got Elliot after two miscarriages. How heartbreaking. Thank God for Elliot!
…juggling knives? Parenthood! Am I right? I think Steve Martin's wife said that. Or was it Steve himself?
Minnesota Mom On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:03 am
I'm so happy that the Lodge is already being so well-used. What fun to have a space that you can all enjoy together!
melissa hadley On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:04 am
WOW…Betsy is beautiful, but these photos of her are stunning. I wish I could wake up and be that gorgeous.
Take it easy Betsy…it gets easier …sometimes!
melanie dawn On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:04 am
gut-check for sure! i think losing a child (miscarriage or in my case stillbirth) and then having one in your arms and facing the REALITY of day to day life with them is it's own kind of difficult. On one hand you are so grateful just to have a healthy (living) child, and so you feel guilty/bad/ungrateful to be exhausted/frustrated by that same blessing. Just because you are thankful, does not mean it's not exhausting!! Hang in there…
Kiki On Tuesday, December 30 at 11:05 am
It's just darned uncomfortable when your major organs begin to reside in someone else's body.


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Burton products can only be shipped within the U.S.
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Comfortable and SUPER CUTE.
By silvrshredder
from Los Angeles, CA
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Comments about Burton Gemma Pants - Women's:
I wear a small and felt like pants were hanging a bit low on hip. Then I spilled bad enough to get booty pads for next few days boarding, and was happy to discover the pants fit over the padding a bit snugly but I was able to board comfortably for the rest of the trip. Saved!
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We present FAN HEAT SEAT for your Voteing pleasure.
This is designed to be used at an outside sporting event in the winter or while hunting or just trying to keep warm.
Step 1: Materials
We purchased:
- 2 Square Yards of Camo Fleece (any fleece color is fine)
- an 18 inch by 36 inch piece of foam
- one button
We also used a sewing machine, wheel cutter, scissors, thread, measuring tape, cutting mat and rulers.
I think we spent a grand total of $12 on this project.
Step 2: Step 1 - Measure Twice and Cut Once!
Lay out the 2 square yards of fleece and measure and cut off the bottom twenty inches. This piece will be used later to sew a pocket for the foam to go in.
Good luck and thanks
Good Luck
(and stop whipping Mom!!!)
We made this specifically for the Instructables contest because I like this site.
I think with more planning this could be productized and would have a market niche.
I have not heard of Dragon Den so I will check it out. Thanks you for the information.
We had planned to make this longer to cover all the way down to your feet but when we got home after ordering the fabric from the store, they had shorted us half a yard. One other item that might work out on this is a hood. It could be sewn into the top and pulled up for use.
If you are going to make this with your daughter, plan on about 4-5 hours or so. That is what it took us and since this was our first try, it should be about equal. Once you made a few of these I think you could shorten that time a bit.
Enjoy and keep warm.


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This item has been discontinued and is no longer available
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The polka dots on the Poke Ya Walkshort add a subtle design that takes this short from casual to dressy.
Get an alert when we add new styles of Rhythm! Simply sign up and we'll notify you.
Founded in 2003, Rhythm brings together a unique group of individuals with a shared dream of creating a livelihood doing what they love. Drawing on influences from art, music and surf - past, present and future.
Rhythm speaks to creative self-expressionists who yearn for new frontiers off the well-worn path.
This is Rhythm. "The Sound of Change".


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Island Eyelet Lattice Back Empire One Piece offers flattering, full tummy coverage and a lovely lattice back for structure and style.
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Jantzen Island Eyelet Lattice Back Empire One Piece
A figure flattering swimsuit, feels very comfortable on the skin. A triple layer of fabric on the front makes one's tummy flat and double layer of fabric hugs the backside.
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Toronto, ON
Fit: Feels true to size
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Jantzen is one of the leading producers of quality swimwear. The company owes its early success to clever marketing campaigns that began in the 1920s. Using an image of a woman wearing a red suit, stockings and a cap, Jantzen captured the attention of millions. People posted the photograph on windshields of automobiles, and it later appeared on national billboards as well as the pages of Vogue and Life magazines. In 1932, the iconic image was reported to be the seventh most known trademark in the world. Jantzen adopted it as their official logo.
In 2002, the Jantzen brand was bought by Perry Ellis International, Inc. This included the Nike and Tommy Hilfiger swimwear licenses. Perry Ellis International markets products in over forty different categories worldwide.
Styling and quality continue to drive Jantzen's position as the number one producer of branded swimwear. Its popular styles include tunics, classic maillots, tankinis, and pareos. Led by the iconic Diving Girl, the Jantzen name continues to bring you the best quality designs in women's swimwear.


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Soaps Boards :: One Life To Live Forum :: Who would make a great Jessica recast
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Axl Rose
Quote jl4ever: Ugh. Jessica needs to stay off the show for at least several years. I say bring back Dan Gauthier as Kevin with his son Zane since we now know (I hope!)that Duke was not the boy's biological father.
I would be open to Kevin and Zane returning to Llanview in which we ultimately find out that Duke was not Zane's biological father and that Kevin truly is Zane's biological father and as for Jessica she is an integral part to the canvas, so I would say keep Jessica here in Llanview but re-cast her obviously
Jessica needs to stay gone for at least five years. I am way too exhausted for another round of DIDpalooza!
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Product Description
GHRP-6 profile
GHRP-6 is a growth hormone releasing protein that has no opioid activity, creates a huge pulse, (dose dependent) in one's own GH levels, and as an outcome, increased IGF-1 secreted by the liver. Suppresses somatostatin (the body's own braking system for GH). GHRP-6 can create a huge and very intense increase in appetite, about 20 mins. after the
initial injection. This is caused by the GHRP-6 antagonizing the peptide Ghrelin, it mimics it, but actually fights against it causing the signal for gastric emptying and hunger. GHRP-6 may help reduce fat, by antagonizing Ghrelin. GHRP-6 creates an incredible anabolic effect and increased strength. Synergy when used with a GHRH, such as CJC-1295.
Ipamorelin profile
Ipamorelin is a growth hormone releasing protein, (GHRP), receptor-active GH secretagogue, it doesn=E2=80=99t significantly affect cortisol or prolactin, so it's highly specific for GH release. It is very similar in action to GHRP-6 with no hunger as a side reaction. It has the capability of increasing bone mass. Ipamorelin acts with synergy
during GHRH pulsation. A large dose of Ipamorelin (>300mcg) will result in a maximum release of GH, very close to the entire volume stored in the pituitary, whereas, GHRP-6 has a limit of GH release.
Comparison of GHRP-6 and Ipamorelin:
- GHRP-6 is highly anabolic and a liver protectant
- Ipamorelin is highly capable of maximal GH release and almost no side effects
- both can increase recovery and maturation of satellite muscle cells
CJC-1295 profile
CJC-1295 w/o DAC is a Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone, GHRH. It affects both the number of secreting cells and the amount they are actually able to secrete. GHRH and GHRP are released in specific patterns that vary depending on what is involved, or has been occurring. Now CJC-1295 DAC has been proven to stimulate slow wave sleep, and this is the period of during sleep when most of the body is repairing itself, CJC-1295 works by repairing muscles and tissues.
The synergy between GHRP and GHRH is due to both the suppression of somatostatin and the increases in GH release per-somatotrope, while GHRH increases the number of somatotropes that release GH. CJC-1295 with DAC causes an extended bleed on the pituitary of GH that is not necessary in this formulation.
Muscle growth factor (MGF) or IGF-1Ec, proliferates (increasing in amount) myoblasts, which are stem cells that are used for creating muscle fibers. Muscles do not undergo mitosis like other cells, instead they must have myoblasts fuse to the area and be activated. MGF proliferates cells in their mononucleated states (muscle stem cells), which is an important mechanism since without these new stem cells there can be no new growth. The inability of this mechanism is seen in diseases like, muscular dystrophy and although MS patient's bodies produce IGF-1, their muscles do not exhibit MGF expression, demonstrating the important role of MGF in recovering damaged muscle tissue.
Amino Acid profiles
Glycine is a nonessential amino acid contained in gelatin protein and is an important component of collagen. Although much of the early research revolved around glycines ability to increase strength in athletes, more recent studies have documented that oral glycine can indeed raise growth hormone levels in humans. In fact, researchers have hypothesized that the reason glycine has been found to increase muscle strength in many studies, (with females experiencing a 22% increase and men a 32% increase in cycle ergometry workloads after ingestion of 5 to 12 grams of glycine daily) may be the result of its growth-hormone-boosting capabilities.24


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[SOLVED] GX620 won't boot
This is a discussion on [SOLVED] GX620 won't boot within the Windows XP Support forums, part of the Tech Support Forum category. I'm working on a Dell Optiplex G620 for a client with XP. The computer can't boot and can't enter BIOS.
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Dell GX620 SFF Desktop Computer,Dell Optiplex GX620 SFF Desktop Computer.The OptiPlex GX platform is designed for business and...
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Reviewed 2014 Mazda6: The Zoom Zoom Family Sedan
A friend of ours from Twitter Jameson Riley and his brother AJ Riley were down in Daytona this past weekend racing in one of the support classes for the 24 Hours of Daytona. They were having a great weekend and were running near the top of the ST class in the Continental Tires series Fresh From Florida 200 when they were taken out.
What we have today is an in car video of a qualifying lap in their RX8 with Jameson at the wheel, enjoy!
Things are not always what they seem. For instance, you might think this episode is nearly a week late. Wrong as usual, idiot. We were planning to do this episode a year from now, so technically it's early. Why are you so offended? Clearly you are unfamiliar with the word "idiot's" Greek roots. I was simply suggesting you were a private person unfamiliar with the vagaries of podcasting. Again, not what it seems.
So there you go. Houston, we have a theme. This week we've got the coolest 4x4 you never expected, a bevy of protests as the Detroit Auto Show gets going and a wrecked Yaris that is more functional than you'd think. Plus we've got some new fun and games this week including our Mystery Words of the Week, a new segment where we get to stereotype drivers and a couple of burnouts gone terribly wrong.
Play RoundAbout Episode 18
Download MP3 | | |
Things you find at the Post Office. Oh and NASCAR Driver thinks this has a few to many "sponsor" stickers!


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This disclosure is directed to improved redox type electrochemical cells, preferably those of the iron (+3)/iron (+2) or chromium (+3)/iron (+2) electrolyte variety, incorporating polymeric, ion-exchange separator membranes produced by radiation grafting techniques.
1. In an improved redox electrochemical cell incorporating two chemically-inert electrodes of opposite polarity, at least one aqueous acidic electrolyte, and a separator membrane between the adjacent electrodes, the improvement comprising an anion exchange separator membrane formed by grafting a polyolefin film to the extent of 5-200% with one or more vinyl substituted monomers via gamma irradiation and subsequently impregnating the grafted film with iron by exposing said film to an aqueous solution of ferric ion.
2. The redox cell of claim 21 wherein the grafted film is impregnated with iron by boiling the film in water, bathing the boiled film in an aqueous solution containing ferric ion and washing the film with water.
3. The redox cell of claim 2 wherein the aqueous solution contains ferric chloride.
4. The redox cell of claim 3 wherein the aqueous solution is an 0.5-4.0M solution of ferric chloride.
5. The redox cell of claim 4 wherein the iron-impregnated separator is prepared by boiling the grafted film in water for 5-30 minutes, bathing the boiled film in about 3M aqeuous ferric chloride for about 5-30 minutes, and washing the film with water to remove excess ferric ion.
6. The redox cell of claims 1 wherein the polyolefin film has been radiation-crosslinked prior to grafting.
7. In an improved redox electrochemical cell incorporating two chemically-inert electrodes of opposite polarity, at least one aqueous acidic electrolyte, and a separator membrane between the adjacent electrodes, the improvement comprising an anion exchange separator membrane formed by grafting a polyolefin film to the extent of 5-200% with two monomers selected from the group consisting of 2-vinyl-pyridine, 4-vinyl-pyridine, 2-N,N-dimethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate, 2-vinylbenzyl chloride, 4-vinylbenzyl-chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and 2-N,N-dimethyl-aminoethyl acrylate.
8. The redox cell of claim 7 wherein the two monomers are selected from the group consisting of:
2- or 4-vinylpyridine and 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate;
2- or 4-vinylpyridine and 2- or 4-vinylbenzyl chloride;
2- or 4-vinylpyridine and acrylic acid;
2- or 4-vinylpyridine and methacrylic acid;
2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid;
2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid;
2- or 4-vinylbenzyl chloride and acrylic acid; and
2- or 4-vinylbenzyl chloride and methacrylic acid.
9. The redox cell of claim 8 wherein the film is low density polyethylene, the monomer pair is 4-vinylpyridine and 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and the percent graft is 10-100% of the membrane weight.
10. The redox cell of claim 7 wherein the polyolefin film has been radiation-crosslinked prior to grafting.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 307,588 filed Oct. 1, 1981; now U.S. Pat. No. 4,414,090.
Basically, an electrochemical cell, or battery, is made up of two half-cells, each comprising an electronic conducting phase, or electrode, in contact with a second phase called an electrolyte, in which ionic conduction takes place. During discharge the electrolyte loses electrons to one of the electrodes thereby reducing that electrode. At the other electrode the electrolyte gains electrons, thereby oxidizing that electrode. The electrolyte associated with the positive electrode is referred to as the posilyte or catholyte and the electrolyte associated with the negative electrode is referred to as the negalyte or anolyte. In some cells the posilyte and negalyte are different solutions and therefore require a separator membrane to prevent the two solutions from physically mixing. In the other types of cells the posilyte and the negalyte are the same, in which case the separator functions to physically separate the electrodes. These membranes should not, however, prevent ionic conduction between the posilyte and the negalyte.
Basic electrochemical cells may be classified as primary or secondary. Examples of primary battery systems are those having electrodes made of the active metal pairs mercury-zinc, silver-zinc, lead-zinc, copper-zinc, copper-magnesium, and silver-magnesium. Primary cells are generally not rechargeable. Examples of the most common secondary battery systems are those having electrodes made of the active metal pairs nickel-cadmium, silver-zinc and silver-cadmium. Secondary cells are rechargeable electrically by passing a current through the cell in a direction reversed from that of discharge. A common electrolyte used in both primary and secondary cells is a 30 to 45% solution of potassium hydroxide.
In contrast to the above primary or secondary batteries, which employ pairs of active-metal electrodes held within the cell, the active material in the redox-battery is stored outside of the cell, in the form of pairs of solutions, or electrolytes. Storing the active materials in this manner gives the battery a long shelf-life, and the capacity of the battery can be increased by increasing the amount of electrolyte. The heart of the system is the reactor cell where reduction and oxidation of the active species in the electrolyte occurs. The basic cell consists of two inert electrodes, which are commonly formed of carbon, separated by a separator membrane. On discharge, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy when the two reactive electrolytes are pumped through the cell compartments. During the charging stage, electrical energy is converted back to chemical energy and again, the two electrolytes are pumped through the cell compartments. Many such cells can be arranged into a stack to form a battery.
Redox batteries containing a variety of electrolyte pairs have been developed and are designated by the metal ions of the salts dissolved to form the posilyte and negalyte pairs. Some examples are iron (+3)/iron(+2) (U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,371; U.S. Pat. No. 4,053,684), zinc (+2)/iron(+2), chromium (+3)/iron(+2), titanium (+3)/iron(+2), titanium (+3)/bromine (-1), and zinc (+2)/bromine (-1).
Physically, the separator membranes prevent the reactive fluids from mixing and causing internal shorting-out of the battery. More specifically, the separator must allow the current-carrying ions to pass freely between compartments, while restricting other ions from passing which can cause self-discharge.
Micro-porous separators, which are characterized by relatively large-size pores in the membrane (0.01 to 0.1 microns), have been used in redox cells. The ion exchange separators disclosed herein exhibit a higher coulombic efficiency and an easier control of the hydraulic flow through the stacked cells (battery) in the redox system.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved redox-type electrochemical cell incorporating separator membranes which have low electrolytic resistence.
It is a further object to provide an improved redox-type electrochemical cell incorporating a membrane which exhibits a high selectivity against positive ion migration during operation of a cell and particularly which exhibits selectivity against ferric ion migration during operation of, for example, an iron (+3)/iron (+2) or chromium (+3)/iron (+2) redox cell.
It is further object of this invention to provide an improved redox-type electrochemical cell incorporating a membrane which exhibits long-term stability in acidic electrolytes.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved redox-type electrochemical cell incorporating a membrane which resists fouling during operation.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an improved redox-type electrochemical cell incorporating a membrane which exhibits efficient performance over a large number of charge/discharge cycles.
Still other objects and advantages of the present invention will be obvious and apparent to those skilled in the art from the specification and the appended claims.
FIG. 1 summarizes the grafting process for the membrane of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the percent graft versus electrolytic resistance in 1M FeCl2 /2M HCl.
FIG. 3 is a graph representing the diffusion profile of iron (+3) ion across various membranes of this invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph representing the rate of iron (+3) ion diffusion as a function of the area resistance of one of the membranes of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a charge/discharge curve of an iron (+3)/iron(+2) redox cell in which the membranes of this invention are used.
This invention relates to an improved redox-type electrochemical cells incorporating separator membranes comprising a polyolefin base film grafted with one or more vinyl-substituted monomers via gamma irradiation. The vinyl-substituted monomers useful in this invention may be any of those traditionally used to make separator membranes for electrochemical cells. Such monomers as 2- and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, 2- and 4-vinylpyridine, styrene, and acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and their di(lower)alkylamino(lower)alkyl esters, are commonly employed in the radiation grafting process. The monomers are dissolved in solvents or solvent mixtures such as benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, water, or trichloroethylene. The redox system preferably involves circulating electrolyte pairs of the iron (+3)/iron(+2), zinc(+2)/iron(+2), chromium (+2)/iron(+3), titanium (+3)/iron(+2), titanium(+3)/bromine(-1) or zinc(+2)/bromine(-1) type. The separator membrane is preferably a polyolefin selected from the group comprising polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, a perfluorinated polyolefin or a partially fluorinated polyolefin. The thickness of the base membrane may be from 0.5 to 10 mils, preferably about 1.0-7.0 mils.
This invention relates to improved redox cells incorporating radiation grafted separator membranes.
The membranes of this invention are made from a 0.50-10.0 mil polyolefin base film which is grafted with one or more vinyl-substituted monomers via gamma radiation from a Cobalt-60 source.
Suitable polyolefin films include polypropylene, high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, a perfluorinated polyolefin or a partially fluorinated polyolefin. Preferred 3.0-6.0 mil polyolefin films include the low density polyethylene film extruded from Bakelite B0602 (Union Carbide), the high density polyethylene film from Alathon 2074 (DuPont) and the polypropylene film from Olefane AT-36 (Crown Zellerbach). The commercially available rolls of polyolefin film may be optionally cross-linked prior to grafting by exposure to 1-100 Mrad., preferably to 70-90 Mrad. of beta radiation. Cross-linked membranes are generally subject to less swelling in electrolytes.
Suitable vinyl-substituted monomers include 4-vinylpyridine (VP), 2-vinylpyridine, 2-vinylbenzyl chloride, 4-vinylbenzyl chloride, styrene, acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MA) and their di(lower)alkylamino(lower)alkyl esters, wherein the term "(lower)alkyl" refers to a C1 -C4 alkyl group, i.e. 2-N,N-dimethylamino-ethylmethacrylate. Preferred monomers for the monografted membranes of this invention are 4-vinylpyridine and acrylic acid. Radiation grafting of vinyl pyridine monomers to polyolefin films to provide membranes useful in fuel cells is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,549, and to provide membranes useful in alkaline secondary cells in V. D'Agostino and J. Y. Lee, U.S. Pat. No. 4,339,473 the disclosures of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Preferred solvents for the monomers or monomer mixtures are benzene, toluene, methylene chloride (CH2 Cl2), trichloroethylene or water. Water and methylene chloride are preferred solvents for monomers sufficiently soluble therein, due to their low toxicity and non-inflammability.
In preparing a typical embodiment of the present invention, the polyolefin base film is wound with an interlayer of absorbent paper into a bulk roll which is then introduced into a stainless steel reactor vessel. A solution of one or more monomers in an appropriate solvent such as methylene chloride is then transferred into the reactor and the bulk roll allowed to soak for 24 hours, after which the system is evacuated to remove oxygen. The bulk roll is exposed to gamma radiation from a Cobalt-60 source to a predetermined total dose at ambient temperature. The bulk roll is then washed successively with 1% aqueous sulfuric acid, 2% aqueous sulfuric acid, and water. In some cases, a further wash with aqueous ferric ion has been demonstrated to lower the resistance of the membranes. The chemical reactions occurring in the grafting process which lead to 4-vinylpyridine polyolefin membranes are shown in FIG. 1.
When gamma radiation hits the polyolefin membrane, a free radical site is formed, which in the presence of 4-vinylpyridine or other unsaturated monomers, starts the graft polymerization. The properties of the ion exchange membrane are directly related to the percent graft. In general, the useful range of the percent graft is within the range of about 5 percent to 200 percent, and preferably about 10 percent to 100%, for example, a polypropylene grafted 4-vinylpyridine wherein the percent graft is 10 percent to 96 percent or a polyolefin grafted acrylic acid wherein the percent graft is 10-200%, preferably 40-70 percent. Percent graft is defined as the weight increase due to grafting divided by the initial weight of the polyolefin film multiplied by 100. Table I demonstrates the percent grafts obtained for fifteen radiation grafted membranes produced by varying the 4-vinylpyridine concentration for three types of polyolefin film while using a constant dose of Co-60 radiation. The percent grafts produced by grafting 20% acrylic acid in water to the three types of film is also given.
TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________RADIATION GRAFTED MEMBRANES MonomerSeparator Base Film Concentration Total PercentNo. (3.0 mil) Solvent (% wt. in solvent) Dose Rate Dose Graft__________________________________________________________________________ 1 Polypro- CH2 Cl2 15 (VP) 6889 rad/hr 0.5 Mrad 33 pylene (PP) 2 Polypro- " 20 (VP) " " 49 pylene (PP) 3 Polypro- " 25 (VP) " " 56 pylene (PP) 4 Polypro- " 30 (VP) " " 99 pylene (PP) 5 Polypro- " 35 (VP) " " 96 pylene (PP) 6 Polypro- water 20 (AA) 7000 rad/hr 0.33 45 pylene (PP) 7 High Density CH2 Cl2 15 (VP) 6889 rad/hr 0.5 29 Polyethy- lene (HDPE) 8 High Density " 20 (VP) " " 41 Polyethy- lene (HDPE) 9 High Density " 25 (VP) " " 60 Polyethy- lene (HDPE)10 High Density " 30 (VP) " " 97 Polyethy- lene (HDPE)11 High Density " 35 (VP) " " 146 Polyethy- lene (HDPE)12 High Density water 20 (AA) 7000 rad/hr 0.33 50 Polyethy- lene (HDPE)13 Low Density CH2 Cl2 15 (VP) 6889 rad/hr 0.5 28 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)14 Low Density " 20 (VP) " " 44 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)15 Low Density " 25 (VP) " " 80 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)16 Low Density " 30 (VP) " " 97 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)17 Low Density " 35 (VP) " " 114 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)18 Low Density water 20 (AA) 7000 rad/hr 0.33 60 Polyethy- lene (LDPE)__________________________________________________________________________
Grafted membranes, containing the pyridinyl functional groups, behave as weak anionic exchangers in the acidic electrolyte of the battery, allowing ions such as Cl- and SO4 -2 ions to pass through, while blocking or resisting the passage of Fe+3 ions. The grafted membranes are characterized by: (1) electrolytic resistance in various electrolytes; (2) rate of ferric ion diffusion; (3) chemical stability in the electrolyte; (4) long-term electrolytic resistance in ferric chloride; and, (5) cycle life testing.
The electrolytic resistance is an important indicator of the performance of a separator in working cells since it is directly related to the voltage loss in the cell. The electrolytic resistance of the grafted separator in turn is a function of the percent graft. FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between resistance and percent graft in the series of vinyl pyridine-grafted separator membranes of Table I. At low percent graft, the resistance is very high and decreases rapidly as the percent graft increases. The resistance then levels off at a certain percent, which may be designated "the levelling percent graft". Further increase in percent graft beyond this point results in very little decrease in the resistance of the separator.
The electrolytic resistance of the vinylpyridine-grafted separator membranes of Table I was measured in two electrolytes, namely in 12 Be°/H2 SO4 and in 2M HCl/1M FeCl3. The results are outlined in Table II. Preferably the electrolytic resistance is within the range of 0.1 ohm-in2 to 2 ohm-in2 in 12°Be/H2 SO4. The resistance will vary in different electrolytes.
TABLE II______________________________________ELECTROLYTIC RESISTANCES OFMEMBRANES AT 25° C.Film % Graft of 1M FeCl3 /Type 4-Vinylpyridine 2M HCl 12 Be°/H2 SO4______________________________________PP 33% 3.00 ohm-in2 1.10 ohm-in2" 49 0.80 0.41" 56 0.60 0.36" 99 0.06 0.06" 96 0.50 6.00HDPE 29 0.50 0.89" 41 0.40 0.32" 60 0.15 0.21" 97 0.08 0.08" 146 0.40 0.14LDPE 29 18.00 7.70" 44 1.10 0.30" 80 0.27 0.23" 97 0.06 0.05" 114 0.08 0.07______________________________________
It has been found that the electrolytic resistance of separartor membranes formed by radiation grafting monomers to base films can be further lowered by exposing the grafted membranes to a solution of aqueous ferric ion. In a typical procedure, the finished membranes are boiled in water for a brief period, typically 5-30 minutes, transferred to a bath of 3M aqueous ferric chloride for 5-30 minutes and then washed with water to remove excess ferric ion, i.e., until the ferric ion concentration detected in the wash water is negligible. Comparative data on the resistivity of four of the separators of Table I is shown below in Table III.
TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________FERRIC CHLORIDE-WASHED MEMBRANESSeparator Iron Resistance (ohm/in2)No. Impregnation* 1M FeCl3 /2M HCl 2M FeCl3 /2M HCl 3M FeCl3 /2M HCL__________________________________________________________________________ 6 Yes 0.047 0.075 0.148 6 No 7.30 4.71 >1012 Yes 0.045 0.069 0.23112 No 0.383 0.522 >1018 Yes 0.011 0.021 0.17418 No 0.136 1.081 >1015 Yes 0.062 0.43 3.315 No 0.267 8.09 >10__________________________________________________________________________ *15 minute boiling; 3M FeCl3 bath, 15 minute exposure.
Although 3M ferric chloride solutions were used to impregnate the membranes of Table III with iron, it is expected that other ferric salts such as ferric sulfate and ferric nitrate would also be effective in this procedure. It is also expected that the concentration of ferric ion employed in the wash solution could be varied widely, for example, from about 0.5-4M, with a proportionate decrease in resistance of the washed membrane being attained as the ferric ion concentration is increased.
In the iron redox system, it is imperative to have as little ferric ion diffusing across the separator from the posilyte to the negalyte as possible, to minimize capacity loss. The ferric ion diffusion was tested in a batch dialyzer.
FIG. 3 is a plot of ferric ion concentration in the ferric lean side, caused by ferric ion diffision into the ferric lean side from the ferric rich side, as a function of time for the vinylpyridine-grafted membranes of Table II in a cell initially containing 1M FeCl3 in 1N HCl in one half-cell and 1M HCl in the other cell. From the slope of the plot, the flux or the rate of ferric ion diffusion can be calculated by Fick's First Law. Depending on the electrolytic resistances and the nature of the base polyolefin films, the amount of ferric ion flux can be varied over several orders of magnitude, as shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a plot of the ferric ion diffusion rate versus the electrolytic resistance for the series of HDPE membranes of Table I. Such a plot allows prediction of the resistance of any given separator membrane once its rate of ferric ion diffusion has been determined.
Within the resistance range studied, the logarithm of the flux is approximately linear with the separators' electrolytic resistances. Thus by selecting a membrane of appropriate resistance, the selectivity against ferric ion diffusion may also be set. The highest resistance separator exhibits the best selectivity against ferric ion diffusion. However, too high an electrolytic resistance is unacceptable because it gives too large an IR drop across the separator. These are the trade-offs to be considered.
It has also been found that the rate of diffusion of ferric ion through the grafted membranes may be further reduced for any given set of grafting parameters by employing grafting solutions incorporating appropriately chosen monomer mixtures. Table IV compares the percent graft, resistance and ferric ion flux for a group of separators formed by grafting mixtures of 4-vinylpyridine and 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with the values obtained in the case of two typical 4-vinylpyridine monografted separators.
TABLE IV__________________________________________________________________________CO-GRAFTED SEPARATORS 2-N,N--Dimethyl- Resistance 4-Vinylpyridine aminoethyl- ohm/in2*Separator (% wt. in methacrylate 1M FeCl3 / Fe+3No. solvent) (% wt. in solvent) % Graft 1M HCl Flux__________________________________________________________________________19 25 -- 65 0.98 0.002520 25 -- 60 0.63 0.00221 20 20 90 0.20 0.005622 15 15 56 1.20 0.00223 15 20 34 0.80 0.00224 10 10 35 >1.0 0.000021__________________________________________________________________________ *Base film 6.0 mil LDPE; solvent CH2 Cl2 ; radiation dose 0.84 Mrad (7000 rad/hr) 19, 21-24; 0.5 Mrad (6889 rad/hr) 20; Flux Units eq./in2 /min.
Thus, it can be seen that while the monografted separators 19 and 20 exhibit acceptably low Fe+3 flux given their resistance, the use of mixtures of monomers allows selective manufacture of separators of both higher and lower resistance which also exhibit acceptably low Fe+3 flux levels. Separators 22 and 23, for example, achieve an equivalent or lower Fe+3 flux at a resistance comparable to those exhibited by monografted separators 19 and 20, although their total percent graft is lower than either.
By adjusting the monomer ratios and total concentration of the monomer mixture used, a separator generally can be obtained which exhibits a lower resistance and Fe+3 flux for any percent graft than that obtainable by use of either monomer component alone.
Likewise, a desirable lowering of the Fe+3 flux relative to the resistance is noted when the following monomer pairs are employed in the grafting process.
(a) 2- or 4-vinylpyridine-2- or 4-vinyl benzyl chloride
(b) 2- or 4-vinylpridine-acrylic acid
(c) 2- or 4-vinylpyridine-methacrylic acid
(d) 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-acrylic acid
(e) 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid
(f) 2- or 4-vinylbenzyl chloride-acrylic acid
(g) 2- or 4-vinylbenzyl chloride-methacrylic acid
The amount of monomer mixture used is not critical, and as in the case of a single monomer grafting solution, may be adjusted upward to increase the percent graft obtained for any given radiation dose.
Not only must the separator be compatible in the electrolyte, but it must be stable to provide years of cycle life. Any degradation will affect the cell performance adversely. The chemical stability of the separators was evaluated in 2M HCl at 50° C. for one week by following any change in their electrolytic resistance. The results are depicted in Table V. No significant increase in the separators' electrolytic resistance is observed. If any of the ion exchange groups were lost, a significant increase in electrolytic resistance would be noted. The decreased resistance observed is due to the gradual conversion of the grafted monomer to the desirable ion-conductive form. The present data indicates that the separators would be stable in an acidic electrolyte, even at elevated temperatures.
TABLE V______________________________________CHEMICAL STABILITY OF MEMBRANESAFTER SOAKING IN 2M HCl at 50° C. % Graft ofFilm 4-Vinyl- 26 95 119 168Type pyridine 3 hrs. hrs. hrs. hrs. hrs.______________________________________PP 33% 1.1 ohm-in2 0.85 0.76 0.68 0.70 ohm-in2" 49 0.16 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13" 56 0.11 0.10 0.08 0.09 0.09" 99 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.05" 96 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08HDPE 29 0.42 0.37 0.36 0.36 0.36" 41 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.08" 60 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.07 0.08" 97 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04" 146 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04LPDE 28 1.18 1.04 1.01 1.02 1.05" 44 0.25 0.21 0.20 0.21 0.22" 66 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09" 97 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.06" 114 0.11 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09______________________________________
Membrane fouling is a more serious problem with anionic exchange membranes than with cationic exchange membranes. Since the membranes of the present invention are anionic exchange membranes, fouling can be a problem. Generally, when fouling occurs in the anionic separator, there is an abrupt increase in the separator's electrolytic resistance, which then gives rise to a large voltage loss in the battery. Studies have shown that fouling of separators is caused by ferric ions which form a negatively charged complexes. See, NASA-Redox Storage System Project, Industrial Briefing July 8-9, 1980, Ohio. The electrolytic resistances of the membranes were measured after soaking in the 1M FeCl3 /2M HCl solution for a long period, as shown in Table VI. There is no significant increase in electrolytic resistance after more than one month of soaking in ferric chloride solution at room temperature. This result, plus that from cycle life testing, supports the conclusion that there is no significant membrane fouling in the membranes.
TABLE VI______________________________________FOULING BEHAVIOR OF MEMBRANESAFTER LONG TERM SOAKlNG IN1M FeCl3 /2M HCl ELECTROLYTEAT ROOM TEMPERATURE % Graft ofFILM 4-Vinyl- ONETYPE pyridine 0 hr 2 DAY 4 DAY 8 DAY MONTH______________________________________PP 33 3 ohm/ 3.0 3.0 2.6 3.3 in2" 49 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.70 0.70" 56 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60" 99 0.06 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.10" 96 0.50 0.45 0.05 0.43 0.46HDPE 29 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.60 0.70" 41 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.50 0.44" 60 0.15 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.22" 97 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.08 0.13" 146 0.40 0.14 0.20 0.29 0.21LPDE 28 18.0 18.0 17.2 18.5 18.4" 44 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0" 66 0.50 0.53 0.50 0.60 0.55" 97 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.05" 114 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.08______________________________________
Cycle testing was done with a 60-in2 single cell employing the HDPE membrane series of Table II as shown in FIG. 5. More than 100 charge-discharge cycles over a period of 6 months were obtained with no significant degradation in cell performance. The cell parameters are given in Table VII.
TABLE VII______________________________________CELL PARAMETERS IN CYCLE LIFE TESTING______________________________________Cell Type: Single cell, encapsulatedActive cell area: 60-in2Electrodes: Carbon electrodes fabricated at GEL by "Wil-Mat" method.Electrolyte: 3 Molar FeCl2Posilyte Volume: 1 literNegalyte Volume: 500 mlElectrode Spacing 0.30 inchesCharging Mode: Constant current from 3 to 10 ampere to a cut off of 1.8 voltDischarge Mode: Constant current from 2 to 8 amperes to a cut off of 0.80 volt______________________________________
An example of a charge and discharge curve for the series of VP-HDPE membranes of Table II is shown in FIG. 5, in which a coulombic efficiency, defined as ampere-hour input over amper-hour output, of 91% was obtained. Cycles usually show a coulombic efficiency of at least 85% and upward. This is contrasted to the coulombic efficiency of about 60 to 75% using a microporous separator. (See, U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,371, Ex. 4). Results of this cycle testing can be briefly summarized as follows: (1) coulombic efficiencies are in the range of 85% minimally to over 95% under controlled conditions; (2) polarization voltage losses are in the order of 7%, or less than 10% of the total charging potential; (3) membrane properties are such that maximum volume changes during cycling are within 10% of total electrolyte volume. Even though the negalyte volumes decrease during charging, they always return to essentially the original value during discharge; (4) transport numbers of ions through the membrane depend upon pH, solution concentration and probably current densities. The membranes of the present invention are anionic, but the transport number t- is not unity, nor is t+ zero; (5) no bulk fluid transfer was observed; and, (6) no mechanical problems were encountered in handling or during operation.
Radiation grafting is a valuable process to make ion exchange membranes. By optimizing the grafting parameters and the related properties of electrolytic resistance and ferric ion flux, a separator for the redox battery can be "tailor-made". Such a separator is low cost and can be mass-produced in a continuous or batch process.
This invention has been described in terms of the specific embodiments set forth herein in detail. Alternative embodiments and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure, and, accordingly, such embodiments and modifications are within the spirit and scope of this invention as described and claimed herein.
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Any views expressed in this article are those of the author and not of Thomson Reuters Foundation.
19 November 2012: Children in rural Kampong Cham, Cambodia, are leading the charge for latrines to be installed in their community this World Toilet Day, in a bid to stop the spread of disease.
Copyright- Plan, Tiep Seiha
Holding banners with the words "I don't want to eat my excrement any more. Please build a latrine for me", the children regularly march through their villages to raise awareness about the true cost of poor sanitation.
Copyright- Plan, Tiep Seiha
Children working on their sanitation campaign messages. Globally, almost 2,000 children die every day from unsafe water and poor sanitation.
Copyright- Plan, Tiep Seiha
A young person delivering a concrete latrine cover. So far the project has helped an extra 40,000 people have access to decent toilets.
Copyright- Plan, Tiep Seiha
A young person delivering a concrete latrine cover. So far the project has helped an extra 40,000 people have access to decent toilets.
Three years ago, just 8% of households in Kampong Cham had latrines, which meant that most people defecated out in the open, contaminating food and water supplies and increasing the risk of disease.
Supported by Plan, the children and their community are turning things around and have already managed to increase latrine coverage to 23% of households.
The ability to build latrines has been a key element of the success. Plan trains young people in the skills required to cast the concrete parts that constitute the latrines, which has provided the unemployed with the means to generate an income. It has also helped an extra 40,000 people to have access to decent toilets.
According to Hilda Winartasaputra, Plan's water and sanitation specialist in Asia, 1 in 3 people in the world are forced to defecate in the open because they have nowhere else to go.
"Open defecation can cause contamination of water, food and soil and increases the number of flies and insects carrying excreta and spreading disease. When people do not wash their hands before meals and after defecating it further increases the risk of disease. World Heath Organisation statistics show that more than 1 in 10 child deaths - about 800,000 per year worldwide - is caused by diarrhoea."
Plan works to stop open defecation through 'Community-Led Total Sanitation', which focuses on triggering communities - often children and young people - to take action and champion good hygiene.
In 2012, Plan supported 417,911 households worldwide to improve their sanitation facilities, and helped communities to build or refurbish 3,796 water points.
World Toilet Day on 19 November celebrates the importance of toilets and sanitation. Find out more via the World Toilet Day website*.
Learn more about Plan's global water and sanitation work
Read about Plan's work in Cambodia


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Re: Danny Carey
It doesn't really sound as though his snares are on when they're not. If you listen to the recordings there's a distinct difference. The bit that really comes to mind where it's obvious is in "The Grudge" where it's first building up to go into that rock style riff that ends with Maynard singing "...and we're sinking deeper" or something along those lines, can't remember the exact lyric. I like the way he uses the snare as a dynamic in that sense, it sounds much softer and less aggressive then bam! it's there. Tool have an amazing way of building their songs from swirling, atmospheric riffs to rocky, hard guitar based music. Brilliance! I still think they're one of the best live bands, I can understand for someone who's been with them from Aenima they may be disappointing now but I picked them up from Lateralus and I love that style.
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Welcome to NAGA…
…and our colourful world
At NAGA, you will find Europe's largest selection of memo boards and accessories.
All our products are developed and designed in Denmark.
Our product development incorporates both function and design.
Our practical wall planner, for instance, is a unique product, which you won't find anywhere else.
NAGA is the manufacturer and wholesaler.
Our products are sold via distributors, chain-retailers and architects in large parts of the world.
We are happy to help private customers find a local retailer close to you, who stocks our products.
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Do You Really Want to Use That Security Product?Get an inside look at SSI's new Bench Test department, which will provide security product reviews.
Latest in General
Security companies can now do more than merely help their customers detect a fire in progress. The Fireblanket, distributed by ADI of Mellville, N.Y., offers dealers an unusual opportunity to be proactive in fire protection, not just fire detection. SSI Staff · December 31, 2004
Smoke detectors have saved more lives than can be counted, but Bosch Security Systems of Fairport, N.Y., recently released four new models that have the ability to significantly reduce false alarms. SSI Staff · December 31, 2004
Napco Security Systems, based in Amnityville, N.Y., entered the Internet video market with the VCAM-I network/IP video camera and ViP-Gateway universal four-camera IP module. SSI Staff · December 31, 2004


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IBEX 2007: What's New in LEDs?
On Thursday afternoon, David DeHorn, the National Sales Manager for AquaSignal (www.aquasignal.net) – maker of LED navigation lights, gave a surprisingly candid seminar about the state of LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting technology. And by candid we mean he didn't shy away in the least from discussing both the advantages and disadvantages of LED lights on boats. Dave Baldwin sat in. Here's a run down of DeHorn's presentation.
"Where we are today with LEDs is where we were in the late 1960s with fiberglass technology," says DeHorn. We've come along way, but there is still work to be done.
Advantages of LEDs
- Compact – Allow for a wide range of highly flexible and creatively-designed housings and clusterings.
- Long life – Many are estimated to last 50,000 hours before degrading to 50% of their output capacity.
- Safe against mechanical shock and vibration with no risk of implosions.Very difficult to damage.
- Low maintenance costs.
- Draw a minimal amount of power.
- Produces more light per watt than incandescent bulbs.
- LEDs emit colored light and don't require color filters. This lowers the cost.
- Produces a focused narrow light. DeHorn notes that this is also an inherent disadvantage that the industry should remedy within the next five years. "The light is not a spray. It's great for a reading light but not for lighting a big area."
- LEDs don't change color as they are dimmed.
- Don't burn out (degrade in output) when cycled frequently.
- Illuminate very quickly – in microseconds – providing immediate on/off switching.
- No reflectors are necessary. Also, LEDs don't produce UV or infrared radiation that will bleach out the fabrics on a boat.
- Highly efficient. Current white light LEDs produce 60-100 lumens/watt.
According to DeHorn, the LED lighting industry has set the goal of 150 lumens per watt of white light by the year 2012. Today, white LEDs produce between 80-100 lumens/watt. In 1970, it was around a lumen/watt. By comparison, a compact florescent light produces 60 lumens per watt while a standard incandescent bulb is around 14 lumens/watt.
Disadvantages of LEDs
While LED might be the buzzword in the lighting industry, "we're not quite there yet when it comes to boat interiors," DeHorn says.
Most importantly, DeHorn can't stress enough the need to match interior white light LEDs with your boats interior. LED white light ranges in temperature (from cold blue to a warm yellow) and will look different depending on the surrounding environment, especially on boats with a lot of teak, woods, or warm colors in the interior. "The difference can be shocking," he notes of a white LED in the showroom versus in a boat. Check the LED color temperature down below before making the investment.
For more on LEDs from SAIL and BoatWorks, click here.


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This Super 8 Motel is situated in Shelbyville, approximately 13 miles from Franklin College of Indianapolis, three miles from Shelbyville Municipal Airport
Find great deals on quality Shelbyville, Indiana hotels & resorts, or indulge at one of our luxury resorts. Take advantage of the many amenities that can be included with your stay such as in-room internet access, wifi, room service, fitness center, pool, hot tub, steam room, and shuttle services to and from the airport. Browse our Shelbyville, Indiana hotels and resorts and plan your Shelbyville, Indiana vacation today!


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Brandon has higher taxesJuly 31,2013Brandon tax rates
are moving higher
BRANDON Residents will pay higher taxes after town officials approved tax rates for the fiscal year that started July 1.
The new residential tax rate which includes the municipal and state homestead education rates is $2.22 per $100 of assessed property value, an increase from $2.02. This translates to a tax bill of $2,111 on a $100,000 home.
The new nonresidential tax rate is $2.19, up from $2.13. This translates to a tax bill of $2,126 on a $100,000 property.
Property tax payments are due Aug. 15, Nov. 15, Feb. 15 and May 15.MORE IN This Just InThe family of a Connecticut man who was killed in a car accident on Route 4 last Friday night is... Full StoryAssociated Press Full StoryIt seems like I just started to warm up from last winter and I see back-to-school displays. Full Story
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day 1739, 'Richard Palmer' identified in prison at York Castle as the notorious outlaw DICK TURPIN; IN 1836, Battle of the Alamo begins near San Antonio de Bexar, Texas; 1896, the Tootsie Roll invented by LEO HIRSCHFELD.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1249 AD, ANDRE of LONGJUMEAU is dispatched by LOUIS IX of France to meet the KHAGAN, ruler of the Mongol Empire; in 1804, during 1st Barbary War, STEPHEN DECATUR scuttles the pirate-held USS Philadelphia in Tripoli.


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Local Sports
Bearcats women's soccer expecting to turn heads
8/21/2014 (Updated 9:14:30 PM)Like their male counterparts, the BU women's soccer program was picked to finish 7th in the America East Preseason Poll. The ranking was based largely on their inexperience. The Bearcats roster has just four seniors and six juniors and will rely on the youth movement throughout the season.
While team's don't usually put a lot of stock in the preseason polls, the Bearcats are using their low ranking as motivation to prove everyone wrong. They're looking forward to playing with a chip on their shoulder and climb the ranks of the conference like UMBC did last year.
The Bearcats open the season on Friday at home against Temple at 7:00.
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Nacho Punch has come up with a creative way to encourage you to get health insurance. It Stars an "average man" attempting to perform trick-for-trick with a parkour expert.
First thing's first: Virgin, you're trying awfully hard here. Second, I actually paid attention to the briefing, so I suppose that means mission accomplished.
Hey, at least it beats the outdated VHS snoozefests that other airlines have!
This sarcastic PSA video brought to you by Can Opener Studio offers a series of apologetic messages from the Millennial Generation for being unemployed, crippled by student loan debt and texting too much in an economy void of the manufacturing jobs that were once readily available for the baby boomers and their parents' generation.


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Below is the poem entitled The Homeplace which was written by poet
Kendrick. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Sara Kendrick
Here further down the hillside slope
Down close to the creek with hope
My husband bought a house, land
Fenced in and made many plans
Subdued the land to cow pasture
And planted a garden, fruit trees sure
Fathered another child to call him sir
The creek seemed to like the stir
Enjoyed the children for a little while___
Loved them so that it made her smile
Today she loves grandchildren the same
No girls there are in frills ___tame
The creek keeps on flowing to the sea
The land is mostly stripped of trees
(This is my adaptation of Robert Frost's poem "The Birthplace". I hope that it does not insult
his work.)


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Slappy the Curb Contest!
Midtown Mixer
King of Jackson 3 Coming Soon!
Jump Ramp Jam at Fondren After 5.
Clarion Ledger posts about the foundation's work in midtown.
National Park Service, SkateMS Foundation, Midtown Partners and City of Jackson to build city's first public skate park!
The National Park Service's Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program
(RTCA) announced its community partnerships for 2014. A public concrete skateboard park in
Jackson is among eleven new projects slated for the Southeast.!
Vicksburg Skatepark Grand Opening
Vicksburg Ribbon Cutting
Happy Go Skateboarding Day!
Skate Clinic This Sunday
Sunday, June 9th from 2-5pm
133 Millsaps Avenue
KOJ 2013 is Over!
Brazen Skateboards wins King of Jackson 2013!
King of Jackson 2013!
Friday April 12-14.
Good Day Skate Clinic Jan. 20th
There is no experience required to come out and learn to get your skate on!
Rampage Extreme Park Grand Opening
Rampage Extreme Park Grand Opening
Starts at 6
Rebate Jam III
Saturday, October 27th, 12-5 pm
At Oxford Skatepark
West Point Grand Opening & Contest!
Contest Registration will begin at 8 am. Contest starts at 10 am.
Fairhope Skatepark Best Trick Contest
Best Trick Contest at Fairhope Skatepark on August 25th, 2012.


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ARLINGTON, Texas (AP) - Tony Romo and the Dallas Cowboys' first-team offense are still looking for their first touchdown this preseason.
Eight-time Pro Bowl tight end Jason Witten, coming off a record-setting season, still doesn't even have a catch.
There really is no reason to be too concerned about Romo and Witten, but they would like to get in the end zone Saturday night in what will likely be their most extensive and last game action before things count for real.
Dallas plays its first preseason game at home, against Cincinnati.
It will be a homecoming of sorts for third-year Bengals quarterback Andy Dalton, who played the first game of his TCU senior season at the Cowboys' stadium, a win over Oregon State that started a 13-0 season culminating with a Rose Bowl victory.
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Welcome to California Southern University. We offer online university education to students worldwide who need the flexibility of distance learning. At CalSouthern, you can earn an online university degree from the comfort of your own home, with the personal attention and support of Faculty Mentors who care about your online university education.
California Southern University was established in the state of California in 1978 for the purpose of meeting the educational needs of working adults who could not attend traditional educational institutions due to professional, personal, or financial constraints. CalSouthern recognized that work, personal obligations, and lack of accessibility created an obstacle that prevented degree seeking adults from realizing their dreams.
CalSouthern responded to this need by providing access to high quality education through distance learning. As technology advanced, CalSouthern transitioned to offer online university degrees, and today, CalSouthern is a premier, accredited online university offering degrees to students worldwide. From initial offerings at the Associate's degree level, CalSouthern expanded to Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctoral online university degrees taught entirely through distance learning methodologies. Students from all over the world who are interested in pursuing online university degrees in business, psychology, liberal arts and law enroll at CalSouthern.
California Southern University is a private university licensed to operate by the California Bureau for Private Postsecondary Education. The University was founded in 1978, originally under the name Southern California University for Professional Studies, and has been continuously approved by the State of California to offer undergraduate and graduate level degrees.
California Southern University is regionally accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC). 985 Atlantic Avenue, #100, Alameda, CA 94501, 510-748-9001. The WSCUC is listed by the U.S. Department of Education as a recognized accrediting agency. The WSCUC is a recognized member of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
California Southern University is also accredited by the Distance Education Accrediting Commission (DEAC). The DEAC is listed by the U.S. Department of Education as a nationally recognized accrediting agency and is a recognized member of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
Our online university is comprised of expert, experienced Faculty Mentors who are truly the providers of the online university education at CalSouthern.
As you earn your online university degree, you will receive the support and leadership of exceptional Faculty Mentors. Our Faculty Mentors are experts in online university education, with vast experience in distance learning methods, who encourage each learner's active participation in the pursuit of their online university degrees. Through personalized one-on-one mentoring and guidance, our Faculty Mentors come to understand each online university student's learning style and needs. Whether you have questions regarding course material or a certain assignment, your Faculty Mentor collaborates with you every step of the way to ensure your success in your pursuit of an online university degree.
At CalSouthern, we choose only the best for our students and offer only the best online university education experience. This standard of excellence begins the quality of our online university staff. Our Faculty Mentors are leaders in business, industry, education, and healthcare professions. Each has been selected for his or her professional expertise, real-world experience, and academic achievements. Many of our Faculty Mentors also teach at other prestigious campus-based and online universities, and bring a wealth of knowledge and experience which enables them to engage those seeking online university degrees in active self-learning through our collaborative online university environment.


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Fitbit's Spring Clean: Hack an Efficient Outdoor Workout without Equipment
04/07/2014 by | 2 Comments
It's time to hang up your winter coat! We're sharing 12 healthy "hacks" from our experts to help jumpstart new spring routines. SF instructor Erica Stenz from Barry's Bootcamp is back, this time taking the 30-minute workout routine to the outdoors.
Planning a solid outdoor workout with cardio and strength training without equipment can be challenging. But before you get discouraged, just follow these simple tips from Barry's Bootcamp San Francisco fitness industry expert Erica Stenz.
4 Tips for an Effective Outdoor Workout
1. Tabatas, Tabatas, and yes more Tabatas
Can't say this enough – perform Tabata drills throughout the entire workout. Tabata drills are performed through high-intensity training intervals and alternated with sets of 30-second intervals (one 20-second set and one 10-second set), repeating the 30-second set 4 to 8 times.
To keep the highest level of intensity throughout each set, alternate 20 seconds/10 seconds with 2 different exercises.
Set 1 – 30 Seconds (Repeat 4 to 8 x)
- 20 seconds: high knee sprints (standing in one place)
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Flight International online news 10:00GMT: The National Business Aviation Association's annual convention will now be held at the Orlando Orange County Convention Center and nearby Orlando Executive Airport in Orlando, Florida.The Convention will now take place from Wednesday 9 November 9 to Friday 11 November 11 - a week earlier than originally planned. The announcement comes after the NBAA was forced to move the event from New Orleans because of the devastating impact of Hurricane Katrina.
The Association says the North/South Orlando Convention Center will be able to accommodate more than 5,000 booth spaces while Orlando Executive Airport will have a static aircraft display capability in excess of 150 airplanes.The NBAA says it has also secured a strong hotel package including nearly all of the major hotels in the Orlando area and has expressed confidence that it will be able to meet the significant logistical hurdles and other challenges involved in relocating the Convention on such short notice.
The NBAA also says it will donate a portion of the proceeds from this year's convention to a charity in New Orleans.
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