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For me being single is often a frustrating annoyance. A lot of times I'll head out and fall in and out of love several times in one night.
This instructable will teach you too how to fall in and out of love.
Step 2: Imagine
You have now fallen in love.
Step 3: Find the facts.
This could be as simple as the person your in love with having a boyfriend/girlfriend or perhaps they don't like the ocean (who doesn't like the ocean? ). Perhaps some technical problem is to blame.
The sooner this person does not live up to your perfectly imagine you might be better off. It would be kind of annoying to find this out years later.
After this person or thing says or does something that ruins your imagined world, and totally destroys your delusions of grandeur, you should easily fall out of love.
And that is how to fall in and out of love
Still, it's a tricky Instructable to attempt, I wouldn't have thought of trying, so well done.


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More technology in the classroom is the most common request Grants Management and Professional Development Director Joseph Reyda receives from teachers. New state teaching standards make accessible technology more important than ever.
More technology in the classroom is the most common request Grants Management and Professional Development Director Joseph Reyda receives from teachers. New state teaching standards make accessible technology more important than ever.
Interwrite Boards installed in 24 school classrooms are the latest gift of the Midland Park Public Education Foundation. The interactive boards were installed during the summer recess as part of the foundation's ongoing effort to support new curriculum initiatives and enrichment opportunities.
Florida's Gov. Rick Scott wants all his teachers to get state-funded debit cards they can use to purchase school supplies that many now pay for with their own money.
CIO Deb Karcher discusses how the district is using a new technology called geovisual analytics to enhance enrollment management and inform the most crucial district decisions.
Amid the unveiled alongside the iPad Mini at an event on Tuesday, CEO Tim Cook also brought up Apple's leading role in education, highlighting the fact that the older full-size iPad had already been adopted by 2,500 classrooms around the U.S. in the two and a half years since it was first introduced.
CIO Deb Karcher discusses how administrators can use this new technology to enhance enrollment management and inform their most crucial district decisions.
Amazon.com Inc. has launched a service to help schools and workplaces manage Kindles used by students and employees, sending out e-books or blocking certain types of activities, for example.
Walnut Valley Unified School District attracted Fortune 500 homebuilder Lennar Corp. as the top bidder for a 30-acre piece of surplus land in Diamond Bar that is zoned for up to 200 new homes.
Beginning this fall, Mississippi teachers will have a new way to purchase classroom supplies -- state-issued procurement cards which will function similarly to debit cards.
The investors gathered in a tony private club in Manhattan were eager to hear about the next big thing, and education consultant Rob Lytle was happy to oblige.
Arizona's largest school district has a building-repair crisis.
While well-known officials such as U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan may get a lot of national press, smaller, sometimes overlooked groups also have a huge impact on American education.
The Iowa City school board has set aside plans to redraw some school boundaries, a process that had been debated the past couple of months.
McLean County Unit 5 District in Normal, Ill., is piloting the CyberBully Hotline from SchoolReach in six of its schools, including four junior and two senior high schools.
The Senate Education Committee on Wednesday rejected a bill that would have opened the door to advertising on the sides of school buses, prompting outrage from the legislation's author: GOP leader Bob Huff.

subset: commoncrawl


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You need to know...
...that Newt Gingrich is trying to outflank his rivals when it comes to tough talk on the White House's Egypt response. "I don't think they have a clue," he said on Fox News late last night. "I think it's frightening to watch this administration." He also urged a harder tack against Egypt's main opposition group. "The fact is, we should be very frightened of the Muslim brotherhood. These may be people you can't dialogue with..."Continue Reading
...that tea party underdog Herman Cain is quitting his Atlanta radio show to focus on his exploratory White House campaign, in accordance with FCC rules. Cain made the announcement just moments before taking the air last night on WSB Radio. "I have enjoyed being a part of the WSB family for several years now. As I prayerfully consider a run for the White House, I must end my radio show," he wrote on Facebook. Cain had been doing the show remotely while he traveled. RedState editor Erick Erickson will move to Cain's time slot, starting by interviewing Cain himself...
...that Mike Huckabee, traveling in Israel, expanded his defense of Israeli construction in the West Bank to effectively say there can't be a Palestinian state there, and that if Palestinians want land, they should look to their Arab neighbors. Israel swapping land for peace, he told reporters, is an "unrealistic, unworkable and unreachable goal. ... There are vast amounts of territory that are in the hands of Muslims, in the hands of Arabs. Maybe the international community can come together and accommodate..."
...that John Thune is the only Republican who would "completely blow Obama out of the water" in South Dakota, according to Public Policy Polling. Of course, Thune's got the advantage of being the home-state senator.
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Viewers: in countries Watching now:
Real focus happens inside the camera's lens element. The sharpening features in Photoshop CS3 exaggerate the contrast along edges in a photograph to transform a well-focused image into an outstanding image. In Photoshop CS3 Sharpening Images, Deke McClelland teaches a host of sharpening and noise reduction techniques, including using filters such as Unsharp Mask, Smart Sharpen, High Pass, and Reduce Noise. The training teaches the essentials of sharpening, including what it does, why it's important, and how the filters function. Plus, the training covers Deke's recommended best practices, including the four distinct varieties of sharpening, which can be used independently or in combination with each other. Photoshop CS3 Sharpening Images is about how to transform images from looking good to looking their absolute best. Exercise files accompany the course.
Remember the Technique Trumps Timing slide from the final exercise in Chapter 2? That was just a photograph but here is the real thing. Like so many of my slides, this one occurs naturally on a poster board backing in the hills above Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. As you may recall, these four headlines identify the main categories of sharpening in the general order that you apply them. First identify by the late Bruce Fraser in his book "Real World Image Sharpening," Source, Details, Effects and Output will serve as your guide posts as you attempt to create an optimally focused image in Photoshop.
The second half of the series is all about making the most of each of these categories. Starting at the top with Sharpening for Source. Digital image capture devices, whether cameras or scanners, use softening algorithms to resolve banding, harsh transitions and the creation of colors that the image sensor missed. In this chapter, we will focus our attention on ways to sharpen digital photographs, specifically those captured by your camera's RAW format inside the Adobes Camera RAW or ACR for short.
Well, sharpening for source ACR 4.1 and later let you smooth over noise, cranked chromatic aberrations and generate edge masks on the fly. It is amazing. Fortunately ACR lets you open JPEG and TIFF files as well, as you will see me doing in subsequent chapters. It does get thirsty.
There are currently no FAQs about Photoshop CS3 Sharpening Images.
Access exercise files from a button right under the course name.
Search within course videos and transcripts, and jump right to the results.
Remove icons showing you already watched videos if you want to start over.
Make the video wide, narrow, full-screen, or pop the player out of the page into its own window.
Click on text in the transcript to jump to that spot in the video. As the video plays, the relevant spot in the transcript will be highlighted.


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1-year limited warranty
List Price $9.00 Save $3.41 (37%)
Want it delivered 08-04-2015?
Order it in the next 6 hr and 55 min and choose Next Day Air Morning at checkout. Details
Create an online reviewand share your thoughts with other customers
Things I liked:Ease of use. Reblueing is all about preparation. More time is spent to ready parts than to apply the blue. Follow the bottle directions
Things I would have changed:This 3oz bottle should have a swab attached to the lid for larger projects. Using a Q-tip per directions is fine for smaller parts, but a 3oz bottle could do 3 rifle barrels.
What others should know:Check You Tube for hints and preparation of metal, wear proper latex gloves thru out the whole application, and reapply to get an almost black hue. Follow the directions on the bottle, multiple applications only takes about 15-20 min. but when you get it where you like it, soak in a penetrating gun oil overnight. I lightly used 0000 steel wool between coats, and all parts came out perfect like factory finish. Very satisfied with results.
Things I liked:I tried this on a raggedy old crosman 130. I got as good a result as if I had used rubbing alcohol. Basically nothing happened other than I got the metal wet.
Things I would have changed:Make it actually work.
What others should know:Not sure what happened axactly but this stuff did nothing on the gun I tried it on.
Things I liked:Easy to use.
Things I would have changed:None
What others should know:Very good for touch ups
Show Other ReviewsCreate an online review and share your thoughts with other customers
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Celebrity Buzz
Your daily dose of hot news & gossip.
Monthly Archive for April, 2012
Scarlett Johansson's new tattoo
"The Avengers" star sports some fresh ink. Find out where she decided to get the art. [Read More]
Bobby Brown lands plea deal in DUI case
R&B bad boy Bobby Brown has been ordered to complete an alcohol awareness course after pleading no contest to a charge of driving under the influence (DUI). Whitney Houston's ex-husband was arrested on March 26 after California police caught him talking on his cell phone behind the wheel. He failed a field sobriety test and […] [Read More]
Ex-boy bander: '98 Degrees tour was all set'
98 Degrees star Jeff Timmons has confirmed he and his bandmates were seriously considering a 2012 reunion tour. Frontman Nick Lachey recently shot down rumors of summer dates, but his sidekick has revealed there was a get together planned and dates were being booked. Timmons tells Celebuzz.com, "We had gotten serious about it, so much […] [Read More]
John Cusack missed out on the chance to become Apple millionaire
Actor John Cusack regrets not taking up a chance to invest in Apple stock when iTunes was just a good idea – because he'd be a very rich man right now. The Con Air star reveals he met with late tech guru Steve Jobs shortly after his hit film High Fidelity came out – and […] [Read More]
Deion Sanders' wife arrested, both charged
NFL star charged with simple assault, wife Pilar gets domestic violence charge. [Read More]
Katherine Heigl's adoption news
The actress is expanding her family by giving daughter Naleigh a sibling. [Read More]
Drew Barrymore to wed in June
Drew Barrymore will wed her fiance Will Kopelman in June at her Montecito, California mansion, according to U.S. reports. The actress and her art consultant husband-to-be celebrated their impeding nuptials at an intimate wedding shower in Los Angeles on Saturday and now sources have told Eonline.com that the pair will exchange vows on June 2. […] [Read More]
Oprah treats homeless man to lunch
Oprah Winfrey showed off her generosity during a lunch at a posh Beverly Hills restaurant earlier this week by ordering her entourage to buy a homeless man a lavish lunch. The TV titan was in a creative meeting with executives from her OWN network on the Scarpetta eaterie's patio, and enjoyed a five-course meal while […] [Read More]
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Question about Memory Card Reader on Macbook
View Single Post
Member Since: Aug 22, 2006
Posts: 218
I am switching from Windows to Mac and I'm used to having memory card readers in my pc's but it seems neither of the Mac Laptops has one (the Macbook or MacBook Pro). Is that true?
I definitely want this feature so it means I would have to somehow add it. With my older laptop I added a PCMCIA card. I know the MacBook Pro has a Expresscard/34 which I've heard is a newer version of the PCMCIA slot. Does the Expresscard/34 work with the older PCMCIA cards (backward compatible)? If not, are there Expresscard/34 memory card readers?
As well, are there usb card readers for USB or Firewire? I know with a laptop it's not as handy as having it 'built in' in a slot but yet I could keep it in my laptop case.
Part of it is I'm undecided between a Macbook and Macbook Pro. the CPU is fine for me in the Macbook. Well I know if the MacBook Pro upgrades to Meron that will sway me that way and from what I've heard that upgrade is later on down the line for Macbook. The main thing is I like the Expresscard/34 slot in the Pro but yet with firewire/usb I don't know how important that is. The one other thing is the better graphics. The 13" screen si fine in the Macbook since at home I'd hook it up to a 17" monitor and even plug in a external keyboard/mouse. For what I'll use it for, taking digital pictures from a camera and modifying in Adobe Photoshop, graphics design (2D) in Adobe Illustrator, web page design and animation using Macromedia Dreamweaver and Macromedia Flash, office work with Excel and Word in Office for Mac, business accounting with Quicken/Quickbooks, and video work with a program like final cut pro to take video in from the camcorder, edit, and burn to DVD. I will do little if any 3D modeling and for games, very little. Most of the games I play are older games such as Simcity and a lot of puzzle like games like chess, mahjong, not the very advanced games. For that I use my xbox 360 or my desktop windows machine. Like I said if the Pro goes with meron and the macbook doesn't for months that could lean me towards a pro but I think most of the work if not all will work on the macbook. I will be using bootcamp or parallels though to run some windows software. Originally I planned on 50/50 between mac and pc but it may be more like 20% windows only for those few programs that I can't use on the Mac. Anyway, sorry to ramble but thanks in advance for any help.
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This is another damage control by Mr.Joe Hudson of Lafarge compnay in Nigeria. The issue here is proper labeling of products.When did companies, specially Lafarge cement company in Nigeria starting producing cements based on customer needs? This is this company's way of rubbishing the SON as though it(SON) did not know what it was talking about the corruption in the industry of bet and switch in pricing, selling cements without stating what what they can be used for in construction etc. The company has to come clean instead of defending its past bad practices.
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Tupper Lake On Thursday, March 29, The Wild Center hosted a forum entitled the "Local Impacts of Climate Change."
At the center of discussion was the Responding to Climate Change in New York State report (known as ClimAID) recently released by the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA).
"I think the ClimAID report is a tremendous assimilation of research and strategies," said Bob Stegemann, Region 5 director for the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
"When you look at the full body of climate change data, there is overwhelming evidence that the climate is changing," said NYSERDA program manager, Mark Watson. "I think we should be very concerned about it."
"I think that one thing that stands out about the report is that climate change is happening now and it is impacting me and my neighbors," added NYSERDA assistant project manager Amanda Stevens.
Forum speakers discussed the impacts of climate change which are detailed in the report, including impacts to ecosystems, agriculture, and the economy across New York State and the Adirondacks.
"Perhaps the biggest single factor we have is rapidly changing climate zones, and if climate change happens faster than plant dispersal, whole plant communities can be lost," said Cornell University ecologist and botanist Dr. Jonathan Comstock. "For logging and forest harvesting interests huge stands could be lost."
"We're going to have warmer temps, more heatwaves, more downpours, and more drought," said Stevens. "It's kind of odd to have more intense precipitation and flooding and at the same time have areas of drought, but that's what's going to happen."
"One thing's for certain for the Adirondacks," said Comstock, "the potential loss of winter sports is a huge economic factor."
The speakers went on to discuss possible approaches to help mitigate these effects. "I think what's great about the report is that its talking about strategies – about what we can do," said Stegemann.
(Continued on Next Page)
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Hold down Control (PC) or Command (Mac) key + mouseclick to select more than one option
|Avg. Dinner Entrée
|Greater than $25
|$18.01 - $25
|$12.01 - $18
|$7.01 - $12
|Less than $7
Posted by Flo on 08/21/2007
They even charge extra for the cold coffee. Our group was split up in the very crowded waiting area and took 30 minutes from our reservation time to get seated. Waitperson was rude when asked for more butter and cream. So noisy everyone had to shout. I could hear conversations at adjoining tables better than at my own. Will never return.
Posted by Magee on 01/20/2007
This is the place we go when we want a special night out. Romantic yet relaxing, and definitely not "uptight". The waitstaff is always friendly if not amusing and the prime rib is excellent! A great place for a fine martini as well.
Posted by ed on 01/16/2007
Dinner here on 1/9/07. everything was exceptional including food and service. i travel extensively and eat at some of the best restaurants around the country and i have never had better prime rib.
Posted by Lois on 01/03/2007
It was the perfect environment for our holiday party. It was warm and cozy and the round table we sat at made it easy to communicate with one another. I also had out of town guests in November, real meat and potatoes people from the midwest and took them to the House of Prime Rib. It was perfect , our food, wine and our waiter could not have made the evening more pleasant.
Posted by Anonymous on 09/30/2006
Best place to enjoy prime rib prepared right. With all the extras I can never finish my meal.
Posted by Anonymous on 08/31/2006
I have to echo the previous reviewer. They offer fabulous prime rib and all the sides were delicious. Even though I was bursting at the seams, I couldn't put my fork down -- everything was so good! It is pricey, but well worth it. Great for a special occasion or date.
Posted by Anonymous on 03/01/2006
Not only is the prime rib the best, but the sides of Yorkshire pudding and salad with a delicious dressing perfect the meal. Somewhat expensive, so go with a big appetite to get your money's worth.


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Mamas & Papas Hotels, London.
Hotels near Mamas & PapasThis HotelMap shows hotels near Mamas & Papas. Mamas & Papas is in the London area called Soho. Main attractions near Mamas & Papas include Liberty Of London, Animation Art Gallery, Fashion Space Gallery, London College Of Fashion. The nearest station is Oxford Circus Tube Station. This Mamas & Papas HotelMap connects live to nearby hotels - showing you true room availability and the latest special offer rates directly from the hotels.
Classic Hotel
2 minutes walk from Mamas & Papas
73% of past customers recommend this hotel.
A swimming pool, spa, fitness room and a range of meeting rooms have been sympathetically accommodated within this historic 5-star Soho hotel. A Grade II listed building, the Courthouse Hotel originally functioned as the second oldest magistrate's court in England and still houses many original features including a host of Robert Adam's fireplaces. The hotel is ideally located for shopping in Oxf...
2 minutes walk from Mamas & Papas
100% of past customers recommend this hotel.
Edgy, urban and very hip, these distinguished apartments are a shopper's seventh heaven. Located near Regents Street, Maddox Street is a stylish sanctuary of tranquility offering a wonderfully refined environment. Leather sofas, immaculate wooden floors and a magical eastern influence are worked into every apartment including a fantastic range of modern technology. Popular with the trendy and soph...
5 minutes walk from Mamas & Papas
100% of past customers recommend this hotel.
The Saint Georges Hotel is situated at the top end of fashionable Regent Street in one of the most exclusive areas of London, on the corner of Langham Place and Regent Street. With only 92 non smoking bedrooms the Saint Georges offers a discreet though warm and welcoming ambience which is reflected by thier loyal and regular clientele. This hotel features well appointed bedrooms and suites with co...
Classic Hotel
5 minutes walk from Mamas & Papas
93% of past customers recommend this hotel.
A lavish 16380m refurbishment reasserts the brilliance of this Victorian hotel first opened in 1865 - the first grand hotel in London and possibly the most stylish. Roux at The Landau restaurant and Artesian cocktail bar are stunning thanks to architect David Collins while the Palm Court makes the perfect place for afternoon tea. The grand ballroom, Chuan Spa and 16-metre indoor swimming pool add ...
To view London Hotels in a conventional list view we recommend LondonTown.com


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GAINESVILLE, Florida - The second arrest of Florida linebacker Antonio Morrison late Saturday for allegedly barking at a police dog during an investigation is a misdemeanor but could actually be worse.
Morrison has been suspended and his future put in question as a result of the incident and an earlier settlement reached for a June arrest in which he was charged with punching a bouncer at a local night spot.
Gators coach Will Muschamp quickly announced "at least'' a two-game suspension for the player expected to become the team's new starting middle linebacker. State attorney Bill Cervone is looking into the matter, and because it's a second arrest in just more a month, there's a chance the deferral on his first charge after hitting a local night spot bouncer in June could be revoked.
Morrison, 19, was given second degree misdemeanor charges of resisting arrest without violence and harrassing an on-duty animal after he barked at the dog.
He was back in court Sunday, when a judge released him on his own recognizance.
According to police. Morrison walked up to an open window of a marked patrol vehicle and barked at a dog named "Bear.'' The dog immediately started barking back at Morrison, according to police. When the police attempted to handcuff Morrison, he initially resisted.
Morrison told police the dog made a "woof-woof'' sound at him and he was barking back.
Morrison was released on his own recognizance Sunday morning.
Cervone is uncertain where this second incident could lead, saying on Sunday: "Based on my initial review ... I am concerned about the legality of the arrest.''
To make an arrest for disturbing a police action there must me some element of malicious interference. The second charge of resisting arrest cannot be applied if the initial arrested is ruled unlawful.
Cervone did say, however, that if Morrison faces charges this time, it could be very serious.
"My office will look into this as expeditiously as possible,'' he said. "If there is a crime involved then the previous deferral is subject to revocation. If not then that will not likely happen unless there is some other material breech.''
That means Morrison could be looking at possible jail time if the deferral is lifted.
Muschamp, who said last week during the SEC Media Days he had not decided what penalties Morrison would face as far as any lost playing time after the first offense, released a statement Sunday in which he said: "I'm extremely disappointed in Antonio Morrison's decision making. He has been suspended from the team and will miss at least two games to begin the season.''
Morrison's first legal issues came on June 16 after allegedly striking the bouncer and his deferral included fines, community service and counseling over a six month probationary period which is far from over.
David Jones covers University of Florida athletics for Florida Today, a Gannett company.
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ST. JOHN'S, N.L. – A Newfoundland woman who had been missing since Sunday has been found dead.
Const. Talia Murphy of the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary says Louise Bungay was found by police in St. John's.
Murphy said Bungay's death is not suspicious but she would not elaborate.
Police had asked for the public's assistance in locating the 45-year-old woman and had said they were concerned for her well-being.
Bungay was last seen in the city on Sunday.


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Laser removal
Laser tattoo removal is now available
at tattoos by spider
please contact us by email or call for info and bookings..
walk in and we can do a patch test anytime
no booking needed--
- 07740052607
How Q-switched Nd: YAG Lasers work
Q-switched means 'quality-switched' and refers to the fact that this laser targets short pulses of light energy at a tattoo which cracks open the pigments.
The Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser delivers light of specific wavelengths in ultra-short (nanosecond), and very high peak energy pulses.
This treatment is repeated until removal, or satisfactory fading is achieved.
Laser Tattoo Removal Frequently Asked Questions
Below we have listed some of the common questions people have regarding Tattoo Removal, if you have any other questions, please feel free to email us, and if your question and our answer will benefit others, we can add them to this page.
We have tried to keep it brief, we go into this in far more detail in the Client Area you have access to when you become an Eclipse customer. It's not top secret information, we just wanted to keep this page as a simple overview.
Q - Can all Tattoos Be Removed?
A. Laser tattoo removal is very effective and can remove most tattoos although some tattoos respond better than others. There can be no guarantees though, as there are too many factors to guarantee complete removal, for example:
Q. What Other Methods Are There For Tattoo Removal?
A. Prior to lasers becoming popular the following methods were used for the removal of tattoos, and some still are:
Q. Can anybody have their tattoo Removed?
A. No, certain medical conditions and medications will make exposure to the laser dangerous to the client.
Q. Are there any side effects?
A. The side effects are minimal but may include;
Q. Does it Hurt?
A. The client will feel some discomfort, how much depends on the individuals pain threshold.
Q. How Long Does Treatment Take?
A. Each treatment session should only take a few minutes (obviously depending on size of tattoo) and anything up to 12, or even more sessions may required.
Q. How Is The Area After Treatment?
A. Is is usual to experience some swelling and the area may be red, as if mildly sunburned, for several weeks. There may also be some bruising, and with deeper tattoos and a higher fluence, pinprick bleeding is not uncommon.
Q. Will Laser Treatment Leave a Scar?
A. Not normally, but there is a low risk of some residual scarring in a few cases. Some people are prone towards scaring, others are fine. Aftercare is very important and you must stress to the client to follow your aftercare advice and that they must not pick any blisters or scabs they might experience.
Q. How Do I Treat The Area After The Procedure?
A. Application of antibacterial ointment and bandaging are the usual after-care procedures. You can choose to recommend your own line of antibacterials, or to carry a third party line which you may be able to earn commissions on. Clients should apply the antibacterial ointment twice or three times a day, and try to keep the treated area elevated as much as possible, to avoid swelling
- 07828204109


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Polyanilines are provided that are soluble and that form crystaline solids upon precipitation. The solid polyanilines are electrically conductive, soluble, and can be fabricated into various shaped articles for use in, for example, batteries, electrodes, photovoltaic cells, semiconductor devices and the like.
1. A solid composition comprising an acid soluble, electrically conductive polyaniline having a minimum molecular weight of at least about 5,000 that is from about 10% to 90% crystalline, said polyaniline comprised of monomer units in any of their oxidation states which allow for the composition to be electrically conductive, the monomer units having the structure: ##STR2## wherein R1 is H or alkyl, and R2 -R6 are, independently, H, alkyl, aralalkyl, alkaryl, hydroxy, alkyloxy, halogen or nitro.
2. The solid composition of claim 1 wherein R1 -R6 are H, and the oxidation state of the monomer units of the polyaniline result in the polyaniline taking a form selected from the group consisting of the emeraldine salt form, the emeraldine base form, and leucoemeraldine form.
3. The solid composition of claim 1 wherein said polyaniline has a minimum molecular weight of about 10,000.
4. The solid composition of claim 1 wherein the monomer units consist essentially of aniline and the composition consists essentially of polyaniline.
5. The solid composition of claim 1 wherein the composition has a minimum electrical conductivity of about 10 S/cm.
6. A shaped article produced from the composition of claim 1.
7. The shaped article of claim 6 which is in the form of a film.
8. The shaped article of claim 6 which is in the form of a fiber.
9. The shaped article of claim 6 which is in the form of a tape.
10. The shaped article of claim 6 which is in the form of a rod.
11. A shaped article produced from the composition of claim 4.
12. The shaped article of claim 11 which is in the form of a fiber.
13. The shaped article of claim 11 which is in the form of a film.
14. The shaped article of claim 11 which is in the form of a tape.
15. The shaped article of claim 11 which is in the form of a rod.
This invention was made with U.S. Government support under Grant No. DMR-87-03399 awarded by the National Science Foundation. The U.S. Government has certain rights in this invention.
This invention relates generally to conducting polymers, and more particularly relates to electrically conductive, shaped articles such as fibers, tapes, rods and films of polyaniline as processed and fabricated from solutions in certain strong acids.
Polyaniline has emerged as one of the more promising conducting polymers, because of its excellent chemical stability combined with respectable levels of electrical conductivity of the doped or protonated material. Processing of polyaniline into useful objects and devices, however, has been problematic. Melt processing is not possible, since the polymer decomposes at temperatures below a softening or melting point. In addition, major difficulties have been encountered in attempts to dissolve the material.
Conflicting reports exist on the solubility of polyaniline, with contradictory views advanced as early as 1910. Willstatter and Dorogi reported that an oligomeric (eight-monomer chain compound) aniline was largely insoluble. Willstatter et al. (1909) Ber 42:2147; id. at 4118. Green and Woodhead repeated their experiments and claimed solubility of this nonpolymeric material in 80% acetic acid, 60% formic acid, pyridine and concentrated sulfuric acid. Green et al. (1910) J. Chem. Soc. 97:2388; Green et al. (1912) J. Chem. Soc. 101:1117. In recent years, Angelopoulos and coworkers and Wang et al. reported only partial solubility of polyaniline, in its emeraldine base form, in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran (THF), benzene and chloroform. Angelopoulos et al. (1987) Synth. Met. 21:21); Wang et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 16:99. As a result, it has become common, laborious practice to "remove insoluble material", and use the soluble, probably oligomeric, polyaniline fraction for the preparation of films. Angelopoulos et al. (1987) Synth. Met. 21:21. Such cast films are predominantly amorphous, much like the as-synthesized material. Annis et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 22:191; Andreatta et al. (to be published). More recently, Watanabe and coworkers claimed total insolubility of the emeraldine salt of polyaniline in any solvent. Watanabe et al. (1987) Chem. Commun. 3.
Trevoy, U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,342, reports that emeraldine sulfate is an insoluble microcrystalline powder, thus lacking utility in practical conducting coatings. Trevoy proposes to solve this problem by combining short oligomers of aniline salts with other, more easily processed polymers. Jasne, U.S. Pat. No. 4,731,408, also recognized the need for improved processability of conducting polymers such as polyaniline, noting particularly insolubility as a problem. Jasne proposes preparing polyaniline by polymerizing the monomer in a latex dispersion which serves as a counter ion, the latex comprising 50-97% by weight of the resulting film. Yang et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,586,792, also recognizes the insolubility of polyaniline.
Routes towards soluble polyaniline include the preparation of graft and co-polymers, and polyaniline derivatives. Li et al. (1987) Synth. Met. 20:141; Li et al. (1988) Synth. Met. (in press); Wang et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 16:99; Ray et al. (19880 Synth. Met. (in press). Unfortunately, these species invariably show significantly reduced conductivities in comparison with the (unmodified) homopolymer.
Until now, this polyaniline generally has been categorized as intractable and amorphous. Polyaniline articles, therefore, are typically fabricated through elaborate compaction techniques, yielding relatively poor mechanical coherence, frequently with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) binder material. Thus, the ability to fabricate high quality, crystalline polyaniline into shaped articles such as fibers, films and the like remains seriously limited, despite nearly eighty years of research.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art and to provide shaped articles, oriented fibers, tapes and the like of a crystalline polyaniline by processing from solution.
It is another object of the invention to provide shaped articles, oriented fibers, tapes and the like from composites or polyblends of a crystalline polyaniline and other polymers (for example polyamides, aromatic polyamides (aramids), etc., etc.) that co-dissolve with polyaniline in acids.
A further object of the invention is to apply the above objects to polyanilines generally, as well as polyaniline per se in its emeraldine salt, emeraldine base, or leucoemeraldine base forms.
These and other objects can be achieved by one or more of the following embodiments of the invention.
In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a solid composition comprising a crystalline polyaniline. In a preferred embodiment, the solid polyaniline is completely soluble.
In another embodiment, the invention is directed to a liquid composition comprising in solution (i) a polyaniline having a minimum molecular weight of about 5000, and (ii) an acid capable of dissolving said polyaniline.
In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to a method of fabricating a shaped article comprising: (a) providing a liquid polymer composition containing a polyaniline dissolved in an acid; and (b) subjecting said liquid polymer composition to a shaping step selected from the group consisting of spinning, casting or extrusion, whereby said polyaniline is precipitated to a solid in a crystalline form.
Additional embodiments, objects, advantages and novel features of the invention are set forth in part in the description which follows, or become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 shows the wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern of a polyaniline film, precipitated in H2 O from a 15% w/w solution H2 SO4 .
FIG. 2 shows the optical micrograph (crossed polarizers) of polyaniline spherulitic structures grown from a 15% solution in H by exposure to air.
FIG. 3 WAXS-pattern of polyaniline showing fiber orientation; the fiber axis is vertical.
In the general practice of the present invention, shaped articles such as fibers, tapes, rods and films, comprising a crystalline, are fabricated from a solution of the polymer in an acid. Initially, polyaniline is synthesized by any appropriate procedure. The polymer material is then completely dissolved in acid. Subsequently, the polymer is processed from these acid solutions into the desired shaped forms made of high quality, partially crystalline polyaniline in the emeraldine salt form. If desired, the material making up the shaped articles can be subsequently deprotonated to high quality partially crystalline polyaniline in either the emeraldine base form, or the fully reduced leucoemeraldine form.
Surprisingly, it has been discovered that, (i) high molecular weight polyanilines are completely soluble in acids, particularly strong acids, (ii) mechanically coherent articles can be processed from these solutions of polyaniline, (iii) the resulting material is partially crystalline, (iv) the resulting material can be oriented by processing from solution, and (v) the resulting coherent objects are electrically conductive in the as-processed form without need for further treatment.
While the present invention will be described in more detail below with respect to polyaniline per se, it is to be understood that the principles of the present invention are applicable to substituted polyanilines as well as polyaniline derivatives. Thus, as used herein, a the polyaniline class (i.e., including substituted or derivative forms) will be referred to collectively as "polyanilines", and members of the class will be referred to individually as "a polyaniline". Examples of polyanalines are those made from monomers having the following structure: ##STR1## wherein R1 can be H or alkyl, preferably H or C1 -C5 alkyls; and R2 to R6 can be any suitable substituent, including alkyl, aralkyl, alkaryl, hydroxy, alkyloxy, halogen, or nitro substituents. Preferred substituents include hydrogen, C1 -C10 alkyls, methoxy, ethoxy, Cl, F, Br, I, CN, SO3 H, COOH, COCH3, NO2, phenyl, tolyl, and benzyl. Particularly preferred R2 -R6 substituents are hydrogen and C1 -C5 alkyls.
The invention is also directed to polyanilines in any of their oxidation states. Thus, with respect to polyaniline, the present invention includes the fully reduced leucoemeraldine base, the "half" oxidized emeraldine base, the fully oxidized pernigraniline base, and the emeraldine salt (e.g., emeraldine hydrochloride). The synthesis of polyanilines is well known in the art. See, e.g., Chiang et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 13:193-205; MacDiarmid et al. (1987) Synth. Met. 18:285-290; MacDiarmid et al. (1985) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 121:173; U.S. Pat. No. 4,520,086; U.S. Pat. No. 4,586,792; U.S. Pat. No. 4,731,408. The selection of the appropriate synthetic method is within the skill of the art. The resulting product is amorphous, and not crystalline.
Polyaniline prepared by standard methods is then formulated into a solution according to the present invention. The "as synthesized" polyaniline will usually completely dissolve in an acid, particularly strong acids. Solutions prepared according to the invention will generally have at least about 5% (w/w) of polyaniline dissolved in acid. More concentrated solutions, however, can readily be prepared at room temperature, e.g., at least about 10% to about 20% (w/w), preferably about 15% to about 20% (w/w). Even more concentrated solutions can be prepared at elevated temperatures. These solutions are characterized as containing high molecular weight polyaniline, as opposed to only the oligomeric forms dissolved in prior art compositions. For example, the molecular weight of the dissolved polyaniline is usually a minimum of about 5000, and preferably about 10,000. More preferred compositions include those where the molecular weight is in the range from about 30,000 to about 100,000. The molecular weight of the polyaniline in the solutions of the present invention can be determined by standard techniques, such as gel permeation chromatography.
The high molecular weight polyaniline solutions of the present invention can also be characterized by viscosity. For example, the room temperature inherent viscosity of the dissolved polyanilines of the present invention, in concentrated sulfuric acid is usually a minimum of about 0.3 dl/g (0.1% w/w polymer). In preferred embodiments, the viscosity is a minimum of about 0.6 dl/g and more preferably a minimum of about 1 dl/g.
Various acids have been found to be suitable solvents for polyaniline. Typically, complete dissolution requires strong acids. Examples of suitable acids include H2 SO4 (concentrated and fuming), CH3 SO3 H, CISO3 H, CF3 SO3 H and HNO3 (70% or fuming). Generally it is preferred to select acids such as concentrated H2 SO4 or CH3 SO3 H that completely dissolve the polymer without any degradation. It is within the skill of the art based on the present disclosure to screen various acids, particularly strong acids, for their ability to dissolve polyaniline. Degradation of the polymer can be judged from infrared spectra and viscosity.
Solid compositions of the invention comprising polyaniline are prepared by precipitation of polyaniline from the above-described acid solutions. The addition of a liquid in which polyaniline is not soluble to the acid solutions of the present invention will cause the polyaniline to precipitate. Various liquids can be used, such as water or organic solvents miscible in water, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, aqueous salt solutions, or even acids in which polyaniline is not soluble. The rate of addition of the non-solvent, temperature, agitation, and the like will have an effect on the degree of crystallinity of the resulting solid. However, a crystalline structure is achieved over a wide range of these parameters, and the selection of suitable conditions is within the skill of the art in view of the present disclosure. The hydroscopic acid/polyaniline solutions of the present invention can even be precipitated by merely allowing the absorption of water by the solutions. Crystalline polymer can also be precipitated by the rapid contact of the solution with water, such as with spun fibers.
The solid, crystalline polyanilines of the present invention differ from prior art polyaniline compositions in structure and conductivity. Prior polyaniline solids were found to be amorphous. In contrast, the polyaniline solids of the present invention are crystalline, not amorphous, as can be readily shown through X-ray diffraction. In general, the polyaniline of the present invention are from about 10% to about 90% crystalline, preferably at least about 25% crystalline, more preferably at least about 40% crystalline, and most preferably at least about 50% crystalline.
Furthermore, the solid polyaniline compositions of the present invention exhibit substantially greater conductivity than prior art solid polyanilines. While prior reports for conductivity of polyaniline reported values of no more than about 5 S/cm, the partial crystalline polyanilines of the present invention exhibit conductivities greater than 5 S/cm, preferably greater than 10 S/cm, and more preferably in the range of from about 20 to about 60 S/cm, or more. Another unique property of some polyanilines of the invention is the ability to be completely redissolved, including high molecular weight solid polyaniline, in an acid solution.
Typically, the polyaniline will be produced in an oxidized and protonated form, such as the emeraldine salt. It is well known how to convert this salt to other states, such as by compensation to the emeraldine base or by reduction to the leucoemeraldine form. For example, the emeraldine salt can be treated with a compensating agent, such as aqueous ammonia. Other suitable compensating agents include dilute aqueous or ethanolic solutions of potassium hydroxide, etc. To reduce to leucoemeraldine, suitable reducing agents include phenylhydrazine or aqueous solutions of hydrazine.
The invention is also directed to composites or polyblends of crystalline polyanilines with other polymers. Examples of such other polymers include, but are not limited to, polyamides, aromatic polyamides (aramids), and the like. Specific examples include polypara(phenylene terephthalamide) (Kevlar�, DuPont), nylon 6, nylon 4.6, nylon 6.6, polyparabenzimide, and sulfonated polystyrene. See, e.g., "Polymer Handbook" (Brandrup & Immergut eds., 2nd ed. 1975). The primary consideration in selecting polymers for inclusion in the polymer blends of the present invention is that they be soluble in the acid solution containing the polyaniline. Typically, polyblends of the invention will contain a polyaniline in an amount ranging from about 5% to about 95% (w/w) relative to the total amount of polymer. The balance will be comprised of one or more co-soluble polymers. The inclusion of additional polymers in the solid polyaniline articles of the present invention can improve the performance characteristics of the solid articles; e.g., improved tear strength.
The polyaniline or polyaniline blend solutions described above can be fabricated into solid articles. Fabrication is accomplished by precipitating the dissolved polymers as described above. A film, for example, can be prepared by casting a polyaniline/acid solution onto a glass support, and then contacting the cast solution with water to precipitate the polyaniline (and other polymers if present) into a film. Fibers can be spun using standard spinning equipment. Other shapes, such as rods, can be prepared by standard extrusion techniques. The extruded material (as well as the spun material) is usually contacted immediately with a liquid bath, such as water, to fully precipitate the dissolved polymer(s).
The solid polyaniline compositions of the present invention have many applications. For example, the crystalline polyanilines of the present invention can be employed, for example, in electrodes (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,691); semiconductor devices (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,342); batteries or photovoltaic cells (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,520,086); and electronic color display devices (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,749,260). The disclosures of the foregoing patents are incorporated herein by reference.
The following examples are provided for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Polyaniline was prepared according to the following method. MacDiarmid et al. (1985) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 121:173. A solution of 13.3 ml of freshly distilled aniline (Mallinckrodt) and 150 ml of 1.33 M HCl (Fisher) was prepared in an 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The flask was placed in a cooling bath maintained at -5� C. Polymerization was effected by addition of an oxidant solution. This oxidant solution was prepared separately as follows. In a beaker 15.33 g of (NH (Aldrich) were dissolved in 26.7 ml of distilled water. The resulting solution (35 ml) was transferred to a 60 cc syringe and was dripped at a rate of 0.58 ml/min into the Erlemeyer flask containing the constantly stirred aniline solution. After all oxidant was added (1 hr), the flask was capped and left stirring overnight. The molar ratio aniline: (NH4)2 S2 O8 was 2:1; the final concentration of HCl in the reaction mixture was approximately 1 M.
The (precipitated) polymer powder was recovered, filtered and washed with distilled water until the pH of washing liquid was 6-7. Subsequently, the polymer was washed with methanol until the liquid was clear, and then with ethyl ether to eliminate residual water and methanol. Finally, the polymer was dried overnight in a vacuum oven at 60� C. The polyaniline yield was 4.86 g (36.1%).
Example 1 was repeated, but the polymerization temperature was, respectively, 0�, 10� and 30� C.
Examples 1 was repeated, but the oxidant was added over a period of, respectively, 180, 30 and 0.1 min.
Example 1 was repeated, but the molar ratio aniline: (NH4)2 S2 O8 was, respectively, 8:1, 4:, 1.5:1, and 1:1.
In agreement with previous findings (Wang et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 16:99; Watanabe et al. (1987) Chem. Commun. 3), all "as synthesized" polyanilines (emeraldine salt) were found to be essentially insoluble in DMF and THF. In contrast, all materials synthesized according to Examples 1-11 readily and completely dissolved at room temperature in standard, concentrated (97%) sulfuric acid, to polymer concentrations as high as 20% w/w, yielding homogeneous viscous solutions of a purple-black color. At elevated temperatures even higher polyaniline concentrations were obtained.
Dissolution of polyaniline in sulfuric acid and precipitation in water or methanol took place without appreciable degradation or crosslinking. This conclusion was derived from the following experimental results. Polyaniline of example 1 (emeraldine base) was extracted with tetrahydrofuran (THF) to remove (20% w/w) oligomeric material. The solid residue was then completely dissolved in sulfuric acid and subsequently precipitated in water. Since the precipitated material (after compensation to the emeraldine base form) exhibited no significant solubility in THF, we conclude that dissolution in sulfuric acid did not lead to a significant reduction in chain length. Moreover, it was observed that the viscosity of polyaniline/sulfuric acid solutions did not significantly decrease upon storage at room temperature for 4 days. The polyaniline was found to be repeatedly and completely soluble in sulfuric acid; thus, dissolution and precipitation occurred without significant crosslinking. This finding is in stark contrast to results generally obtained with polyaniline films cast from N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). These films were in most cases neither re-soluble in NMP nor in sulfuric acid, which is indicative of network formation. Andreatta et al. (to be published).
The inherent viscosities (in dl/g) of the polyanilines of Examples 1-16 (base form, made by exposure to aqueous NH3 and subsequent washing with water followed
by methanol) were determined at 25� C. in H2 SO4 (0.1% w/w polymer), using an Ubbelohde viscometer. The results are presented in Table 1.
TABLE 1______________________________________Polymerization Temperature (�C.)Time to addoxidant (min) -5 0 10 30______________________________________ 0.1 1.08 0.69 0.72 0.5630 1.55 0.85 0.93 0.7160 1.22 1.01 0.98 0.73180 1.24 1.10 0.90 0.75______________________________________
The conformation of polyaniline in the liquid state is not established, and, as a result, viscosity data are difficult to interpret. Therefore, we carried out viscosity measurements of samples of the rigid chain polypara-(phenylene terephthalamide) (Kevlar�, DuPont) and of the flexible nylon-6 under identical conditions. From the comparison with results obtained with these polymers, and Mark-Houwink relations reported for these systems (Baird et al. (1978) J. Poly. Sci., Poly. Chem. Ed. 16:61; Kamide et al. (1978) Kobunshi Ronbunsha 35:467), we estimate that the molecular weight of the dissolved polyaniline of Example 1 is between 12,000 (rigid chain limit) and 40,000 (flexible chain limit). Extraction of the THF-soluble fraction (about 20% w/w) from the base form of polyaniline leads to a significant increase in the viscosity.
The material of Example 1 was used to investigate the solubility of polyaniline in solvents other than sulfuric acid. The results are summarized in the following Table 2.
TABLE 2______________________________________Acid Solubility______________________________________CH3 SO3 H XCF3 SO3 H XCF3 COOH dformic (88%) dpolyphosphoric dCH3 COOH (100%) OHCl (36%) OHF (49%) OCISO3 H *H2 SO4 (fuming) *HNO3 (70%) **HNO3 (fuming) **______________________________________ X completely dissolved d slightly dissolved O insoluble *dissolved with slight degradation (as indicated by infrared spectrum) **dissolved with major degradation (as indicated by infrared spectrum)
The polyaniline (emeraldine salt) of Example 1 was dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid. The polymer concentration was 15% w/w. The viscous solution was cast into a film, and the polyaniline was precipitated in water, to form a coherent film. The recovered polyaniline film was of the crystalline form. This is evidenced by the wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern shown in FIG. 2. The formation of highly crystalline polymer has not been previously observed either in as-synthesized material or in polyaniline cast from NMP, which is largely amorphous. Annis et al. (1988) Synth. Met. 22:191; Andreatta et al. (to be published). Slow precipitation of the polymer, by exposing polyaniline/sulfuric acid solutions to moist air, resulted in the growth of birefringent, well-defined spherulitic structures (FIG. 2) and increased perfection of the corresponding wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern. After precipitation, the material can be compensated to the crystalline emeraldine base form by exposure to aqueous NH3 solutions (and subsequent washing). Similar results were obtained with a wide variety of liquids other than water, such as e.g. methanol.
Continuous polyaniline monofilaments were prepared from a 20% w/w solution of the polymer of Example 1 in 96% H2 SO4 using a laboratory-scale spinning device. The solutions were extruded at 60� C., and dry-jet wet spun into chilled water. The as-spun fibers were washed with distilled water and dried overnight at 60� C. in a vacuum oven, while kept at constant length. The dried fibers were exceptionally smooth and had a shiny, metal-like appearance. The diameter was 290 mm.
A wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern of a polyaniline filament is shown in FIG. 3. The pattern reveals orientation in the as-spun fibers produced in these experiments.
The electrical conductivity of the as-spun, dried polyaniline (emeraldine salt) fibers of Example 33 was determined to be in the range from 20-60 S/cm, using the standard four-probe method. This value significantly exceeds the conductivity that is commonly reported for polyaniline (approx. 5 S/cm). MacDiarmid et al. (1986) Synth. Met. 18:285; Wudl et al. (1987) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109:3677.
A solution was prepared at room temperature in concentrated sulfuric acid of the polyaniline of Example 1 and the rigid chain molecule poly-para (phenylene terephthalamide) [Kevlar, Du Pont molecular weight approximately 40,000]. The ratio of the two polymers by weight was 1:1. The overall polymer concentration was 5% w/w. At elevated temperatures, substantially higher polymer concentrations could be obtained. The solution was extruded at room temperature, and dry-jet wet spun into chilled water. The as-spun monofilaments were washed with distilled water and dried overnight at 60� C. in a vacuum oven, while kept at constant length. The dried fibers were exceptionally smooth and had a shiny, metal-like appearance. The electrical conductivity of the as-spun, dried polyaniline composite fibers was determined to be 1 S/cm, using the standard four-probe method.
Variations on the above embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the invention is not to be limited thereby and is to be defined according to the following claims.
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Gear Review
Jason Killian
Perfect Light Layer
This vest has become an indispensable part of my gear in the past 5 years. I take it for all kinds of stuff, not just outdoors trips. It's in my bag for business trips, it's been on vacations, it's my go-to first layer for SAR training and missions.
It's light, it's warm, and it fits me perfectly. It packs down tiny in my pack when I'm not wearing it. The Windstopper laminate is great and really keeps the chill off, much more than any other vest I've ever had. Zippers are solid and feel like they're going to last, even after 5 years of heavy use. I like the tall collar, it stays out of the way when unzipped but protects against wind and light rain when it's up.
Only gripe: No inside pocket. Minor, I know, but it would be nice for things like a phone or keys to be a bit more protected.
Disclaimer: I'm reviewing this product having received it through participation in the Gore MountainTechs program, but I'd be saying the same thing if I paid full retail price for it.
View More Details on Mountain Hardwear Mountain Tech Vest - Men's


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His Reach Grows Long Indeed
A preview of Sauron for the upcoming Middle-earth Quest!
"The Dark Lord's evil knows no borders. It will not stop in the South." Even as the words were said, a handful of those who listened nodded in agreement. "It is a threat to all of us."
The lands of Middle-earth lay at a crossroads. Sauron is gathering his strength to locate the Ring, heroes are rising throughout the lands to thwart his schemes. Neither side has yet gained ground. Now new evils are being summoned, and the lands themselves are slowly falling under Sauron's sway. Today we focus on this most foul of leaders, this blight upon the lands, we dive into darkness.
Becoming the foul lord of the Shadow is no easy task. You will be pressed to influence the peoples against the heroes, and crush these pests utterly. At your disposal are immensely strong and deadly minions, able and fearsome warriors capable of destroying the heroes. It is your will that guides them, and directs their hands.
Here too, people seemed afraid of strangers and quick to anger. Even without his servants, Sauron's will saw spirits diminish and despair thrive.
It is a dark time, and it is up to you to make it darker still. Spreading your corruption through these lands is no easy matter. Heroes seem to rise up like mushrooms after a rain, and they inspire confidence and hope in the weaklings of Middle-earth. They seek to undo your grip on this realm, and they must be stopped! Extending from your Shadow Strongholds, your poison grips the hearts and minds of the surrounding regions. With every turn, your presence corrupts further and further from your dark citadels. Use your minions to best effect, goading the populace into further subservience. As your presence grows, the lands become far more deadly. Every time a hero enters a region darkened by your will, they must face the dangers you have lain for them. From Orc Scouts ambushing a hero to the mighty battle with the Balrog deep in the halls of the mines of Moria, these perils can spell the death of an unwary adventurer.
He awoke. Head pounding, wounded. The constricting mesh of some loathsome sinew twisted into his flesh. An Orc, small and cunning, knelt down before him, licking its serrated knife, its breath a foul air of dying things. "Are you ready to sing the songs of Mordor?" the Orc hissed. Then, long sharp hours of pain followed.
Send forth your foul minions to spread your word, and assault the heroes as they attempt to undo your schemes. The Black Serpent, the Mouth of Sauron, the devastating Witch-king; these are the names that are whispered to quiet children and frighten them into silence. These are the terrors that stalk Middle-earth, they cause the lands to tremble before their awesome might. Every creature that flies your banner will allow you to spread your dominion further. Influence is much more rapidly generated in the presence of your ghastly minions. Every turn they disseminate your orders and undermine what meager hope that has begun to take root in your realm. In addition to the fear that surrounds them, these fell foes are able warriors and can slay any arrayed against them. Cave Trolls, Warg Riders, Uruk-Hai, and Barrow Wights all await the opportunity to grant the heroes the sweet release of death.
"The land grows sour, evil spirits in every corner." The old blind man waved his hands before him as he spoke. For months his dire warnings had been dismissed as fear-mongering, but now his words seemed more believable.
Although spreading fear and battling heroes is fun, you have many schemes which must see fruition if you are to rule these lands. Creating your army of the deadly Uruk-Hai, corrupting the king Denethor, twisting the Istari wizard Saruman to your will, the capture and torture of the creature known as Gollum; each of these are vital to your mission of locating the One Ring. Every plot is another chance to discover the location of the Ring, or to take the heroes out of the fight. Never falter in your desire to advance these plots. These, and these alone, will allow you to cast the lands of Middle-earth into the Shadow for aeons to come.
They came out of the night, like a foul wind upon the black steeds and thundering hooves. Terror rode with them, and fear was their ally. Unliving servants of Sauron, shadows under his great shadow. Pale swords of black metal were drawn with a hiss. The enemy was upon us.
Middle-earth Quest is a game of adventure and conflict set in the time leading up to the creation of the Fellowship. One player will adopt to mantle of Sauron and do his best to spread his evil influence across the lands. Up to three players become heroes and will do their best to foil Sauron's foul plots, and rally the peoples of Middle-earth to their side.
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We say "might," because, according to this blurb, it could be anything at this point -- a questline that begins a takeover, a questline that represents a failed takeover, a new phased experience that leads to a takeover, or some kind of questline that brings Gnomeregan up to Heroic status (we know Shadowfang and Deadmines are already getting that treatment, so it wouldn't be too far off to expect other old instances to come around in future content patches).
Then again, let's not kill hope: maybe the Gnomes are finally heading back to Gnomeregan to have a capital city of their own, in all of its Gnomish engineering glory. We can dream, right?


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******************************************************************************* Edition 3, No. 5 October 17, 1995 Price: FREE *******************************************************************************Contents:
Editor: Carl J. Gross Contributors: J.D. Garrett, C. Baktash, M.S. Smith******************************************************************************* *******************************************************************************
1. HRIBF Users Meeting
The Annual Users Meeting of the HRIBF will be held during the Fall Meeting of the Division of Nuclear Physics in Bloomington, Indiana. The meeting is scheduled for 18:00 (just after the DNP Town Meeting) on Friday, October 27, 1995, in the Oak Room of the Indiana University Memorial Union.
Preliminary Agenda: Joe Hamilton, presiding
Fred Bertrand Opening remarks Jim Beene Operations startup Carl Gross Availability of experimental equipment Matthew Brinkman Germanium and particle arrays Jerry Garrett Letters of intent and proposals Cary Davids Announcement of election results for new Executive Committee members
2. Facility Update.
The construction of the RIB injector system has been completed on time and within budget. The high-voltage injection platform on which the radioactive ions are produced, ionized, and charge exchanged and where the first-stage isotope selection is made is operational and has been tested with beams of stable ions. Likewise, the beam lines for delivering the light ion beams from ORIC to the high voltage platform and the radioactive ions from the platform to the 25 MV tandem are complete, as are modifications to the ORIC and tandem accelerators. Stable negative-ion beams, prepared on the high-voltage platform, have been delivered to the exit of the isobaric separator in the beam line to the Tandem, and they should soon be accelerated in the Tandem.
A program for developing the first radioactive ion beams is underway. Recently samples of NiO, ZnO, and Ge have been irradiated with 25 MeV protons to study the release of radioisotopes of Cu, Ga, and As, respectively. Preliminary analysis indicates that As is released from molten Ge when heated to about 1100 degrees C.
Construction of the beam line to the Recoil Mass Separator (RMS) is underway and is expected to be completed in late November.
A more complete discussion of the facility status will be given at the HRIBF User's Meeting during the Bloomington DNP Meeting.
3. Staff Position in Experimental Nuclear Structure Physics
The Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, invites applications for a staff position in experimental nuclear structure physics. Candidates are sought with several years experience beyond Ph.D., who have a distinguished research record in decay studies of nuclei on the limits of stability, and have a strong interest in research with radioactive-ion beams. The successful candidate will join the Experimental Nuclear Physics Group, whose primary objective is the development of a diverse research program for the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. This unique facility, a new DOE program initiative now under development in the ORNL Physics Division, is scheduled to begin operation in 1996. General information about the HRIBF is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.phy.ornl.gov/hribf.
The Experimental Nuclear Physics Group offers an excellent environment for nuclear structure research which includes close collaborations with a leading nuclear structure theory group within the Physics Division and guests of the Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, as well as access to the resources of the Nuclear Data Project and state-of-the-art computational facilities.
Interested candidates should submit a curriculum vita, bibliography, a statement of research interest, and have four letters of reference sent directly to:Dr. Cyrus Baktash Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6371 USA FAX: (423) 574-1268 E-mail: email@example.com.
Review of applications will begin in November 1995 and continue until the position is filled.
ORNL is a multi-program laboratory, managed by Lockheed Martin Energy Systems for the U.S. Department of Energy. ORNL is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer.
4. LDRD Funds Granted for Preparations for the National ISOL Facility at ORNL
ORNL Laboratory Director's Research and Development (LDRD) Funds have been granted for research toward and the preparation of a proposal for constructing the National ISOL RIB Facility at ORNL. The Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) has recently identified the National ISOL Facility in its Long Range Plan for US Nuclear Science as the next major facility to be constructed under the auspices of DOE's Nuclear Physics Program Office. With the experience gained in constructing and operating the HRIBF, ORNL should be in a leading position to compete for this $100 million new facility whose construction could start as early as 1998.
5. 34 Letters of Intent Received
Thirty-four responses were received to the recent call for letters of intent for experiments at the HRIBF. The content of these letters of intent can be characterized as follows:
Nuclear Astrophysics 6 Nuclear Structure 21 Nuclear Reactions 7
The letters of intent also can be classified by the "lead" institution or collaboration:
ORNL 8 UNIRIB Collaboration 10 RIBENS Collaboration 6 Other U.S. Institutions 5 Non-U.S. Institutions 5
The letters of intent are presently being reviewed by the HRIBF PAC.
6. HRIBF Users Group Charter Approved
The new charter of the HRIBF Users Group has been overwhelmingly approved by the membership. Out of a total of 116 votes cast, 113 supported the new charter. The charter now reflects the transition from the Holifield Heavy Ion Research Facility to the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility. The text of the charter can be found soon on our WWW site. We thank those who participated in the vote.
7. DRS Update
The installation of the Daresbury Recoil Separator is proceeding well. A number of important tasks have been completed, including: the positioning and alignment of the 14 magnets; the construction and installation of the velocity filter electrode box handling assembly; and the modification and testing of power supplies (to run on U.S. power). A number of tasks are currently in progress, including: the wiring of magnet power supplies; the installation of magnet power supply and magnet cooling water systems; the installation of DRS Control System hardware; the assembly of velocity filter high- voltage electrode sub-assemblies; and the design of beam current monitoring devices. In the near future, we will begin assembly of the velocity filter electrode boxes. A number of projects are continuing off-site, including - at TUNL - the construction of the target chamber and velocity slit chambers, and - at Yale - the testing of focal plane assembly components and detectors and the design of the vacuum control system.
8. RMS Update
The first electric dipole has been conditioned to +/- 220 kV. After 40 hours, the dipole was again energized and conditioning was observed to begin at +/- 215 kV. The dipole was then pushed towards its maximum rated voltage (+/- 275 kV) when a small vacuum leak in the ceramic was detected. Upon inspection it was decided that corona was produced in the power supply (stack) which caused a spark to the ceramic. Conditioning of the second dipole was halted due to this development. Modifications to the high-voltage stack were done, and the leak has been repaired. With the modified stacks, the second electric dipole has been conditioned to +/- 200 kV, which is sufficient for presently planned experiments. Conditioning to higher voltages will be done when time permits.
The focal plane detector, PSAC, has been tested and has been found to achieve the desired position resolution. After some modifications of the high-voltage boards (1 mm wire spacing instead of 2 mm), the position resolution has been measured to be less than 2.0 mm in the x (A/Q) direction and approximately 2.5 mm in vertical direction.
Silena peak-sensing ADCs have been purchased for use with the Edinburgh silicon strip detector electronics. Over 160 channels may be used. The Edinburgh electronics have been constructed and used in experiments performed at the FMA. Delivery to Oak Ridge should be completed in the fall. Two 40 x 40 (4 cm x 4 cm) double-sided silicon strip detectors have been ordered by the University of Tennessee and have arrived.
The RMS ionization chamber is currently being fabricated at Daresbury Laboratory. Its vessel has been vacuum tested, and it should also be delivered in January.
9. Ge Upgrade FundedAn array of Compton-suppressed germanium detectors consisting of 12 existing ORNL detectors with BGO shields and 11 Compton-suppressed (BGO) "Clover" germanium detectors has been funded by DOE with contributions from UNIRIB, the University of Tennessee, Vanderbilt University, and the State of Tennessee. This array will be the centerpiece of in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy at HRIBF and will be located at the target position of the RMS.
10. First Ge Clover Arrival
The first Clover detector was received in late July. This Clover detector is a slightly modified version of the Eurogam-II detectors. It consists of four cylindrical Ge crystals, each 8 cm long, which share a common cryostat. Test measurements with a Co-60 source indicate that the detector meets or exceeds the specifications. The results are:
(1) a total efficiency of 99.6% in the singles mode and better than 150% in the "add-back" mode; (2) an average energy resolution (FWHM) of about 2.1 keV at 1332 keV; and (3) a timing resolution of better than 6 ns.
The Ge upgrade project calls for a total of 11 Clover detectors. Since in the last few months Eurisys Mesures, the manufacturer of these detectors, has developed the technical capability of segmenting Clover detectors, we have placed an order for five segmented Clover detectors. The shipment of the first segmented Clover is expected in March 1996. With segmentation, the lateral position information regarding the interaction of gamma rays within the detector will improve from 4 cm to 2 cm. The improved position information would permit a better correction for Doppler broadening, which in turn allows the placement of the segmented detectors closer to the target position without loss of energy resolution.
The design of the BGO suppression shields is now complete. Requests for quotes will be issued later this calender year when the capital funds for FY 1996 are received. The design of the support structure for the Ge array has been completed, and requests for bids were issued in mid-September.****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** Additional copies of the newsletter and more information about HRIBF can be found on the World Wide Web at www.phy.ornl.gov. ****************************************************************************** ****************************************************************************** Jerry D. Garrett, Scientific Director |Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Mail Stop 6368 |Tel: (423) 576-5489 Carl J. Gross, Scientific Liaison |Email: email@example.com Mail Stop 6371 |Tel: (423) 576-7698 Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility |Tel: (423) 574-4113 Oak Ridge National Laboratory |Fax: (423) 574-1268 Oak Ridge, TN 37831


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Hi, I'm Rose. That's me in the middle, flanked by a couple of characters who take their kettle korn and beer very seriously.
Although cruetly-free living involves much more than just diet, this blog is mostly about food because I love to cook. I learned to cook and bake at home from my mom, who is a wonderful from-scratch cook and baker. She showed me the ropes in the kitchen from an early age. (I baked my first, no-help-from-mom, from-scratch lemon meringue pie at age 11, an accomplishment which speaks entirely to my mother's ability as both a cook and a teacher.) I also spent many years working in restaurants and bakeries during my college and post-college days. Cooking is one of my life-long passions.
I'm vegan because I believe that all living beings--both human and non-human--deserve to be treated with respect and kindness. No living being should be treated as an object or as property; non-violence and living in harmony with the earth and all its creatures is one of the highest human pursuits.
I live with my vegan husband and many other non-human family members (just to clarify, my husband is human). We have been vegetarian for over 20 years, and have been vegan for the past 10 years.
I've lived and worked in Spain, Ireland, and the UK, but returned to my hometown in the Pacific Northwest ten years ago.
My favorite ways to spend time are veganic gardening, walking/hiking, running, swimming, spending time with my friends, daydreaming, dancing, bicycle commuting, and cooking...not in that order, just in general as they happen.
Animals have been some of my greatest teachers and noblest friends; I feel a deep love and respect for all living beings, and...
I love delicious food!!


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Dell's had the upgrade to Android 2.2 ready for a few weeks now as their unlocked devices have already gotten the upgrade OTA, but we were still waiting on AT&T for those who opted for it subsidized here in the states. If you haven't already rooted your phone applied the upgrade yourself, be on the lookout for AT&T's official love heading your way sometime this month (some folks are already seeing it, but don't fret if you haven't yet.)
Our friend The Droid Guy gives us his rundown on what's new, but it's nothing out of the ordinary compared to the release Dell's already put out. Be sure to check that out if you haven't already been brought up to speed.
Continue reading:
- Android devices rank high on iFixit's t
- Pentagon Approves Its First Android Smartphon
- Dell Streak Gets Pulled From Online/Store She
- This is the Best Dell Streak Promo Ever [Vide
TAGS: Dell Streak


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You can make a real jet engine for five minute's work and the price of a spoonful of meths - how cool is that?!?
I doubt there's a better way to re-use all those jars under the sink. Much more fun than a trip to the bottle bank.
Step 1: Materials and equipment.
Stuff I had lying around:
> Matches or a BBQ lighter
> A hammer
> A screw (it should have been a nail, but what the heck).
> A tin tray
Stuff I had to buy (and the stuff that has caused the most confusion in readers):
> Meths
Step 2: Making it (the lucky way)
Jam Jar Jets are by no means my idea, and I knew very little about them:
Knock a hole in the lid of a jar, splash some meths in the jar, give it a shake and light the meths.
So that's what I did, and it worked first time.
After running for a short time, with a noise like an angry moped, the temperature got too high for the jar and it gave way.
That was expected.
Then I tried to repeat the thing...
Step 3: What goes wrong...
"Daddy, show us how you made the jet engine!"
"Not a problem", thinks I.
I grabbed another jar, smacked a hole in the lid, splashed in some meths and lit it.
Foosh, then nothing. It didn't work. (There's not much point watching past the first few seconds of this video.)
After some research, it turned out that the hole was too big. If you make a jam jar jet, and it goes foosh and then does nothing, like it does in the first video above, then the hole in the lid is too big. Go make another one.
If your jet lights, goes foosh, and then goes RRRR for a moment, like it does in the second video, then your hole is not quite big enough.
Nice work.....
I would like to ask how many minutes does it take for the flight and how much distance covered with the fuel full?
I'm afraid that this doesn't actually fly, it lacks the thrust.
Running time varies, but is usually around a minute.
Do you think it will work with a bottle too? It could be an easy way to break the bottle after engraving a groove to make a glass, but it probably smashes...
It depends on the bottle - if it has a short neck, it might.
Give it a try - the worst that could happen is that you make an alcohol lantern.
All right, I'll let you know :-)
Beer, cider, they do not contain enough alcohol to burn.
The jet? Scroll up...
These engines were used in the V1 and V2 rockets by Germany. They would calculate fuel consumption and put exactly enough fuel in so that it ran out over London and the warhead would plummet down.
perhaps use a tin can or at least tape the glass container. so that it may break but not harm anyone.
nice guide though.
The reason they break is because the temperature differences across the thickness and height of the glass causes fatal fractures.
i am not saying your project is flawed, I'm giving a heads up to those new to it.
Everybody should assess their own risks, and if my project is too much for you, I'm not insulted.
I do keep meaning to try adding an absorbent pad to hold fuel at the bottom of the jar to see if it works in its side then, so maybe you'd like to experiment for me?
(* Which isn't much)
but just as a reference to something I have done, unintentionally,
Rap a jar containing a candle in a cold, wet rag. The glass breaks pretty quickly, large cracks, some shattering, the works. so i'd assume that cold liquids, of any kind, with hot glass is a no go.


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A high quality digital scale importer for over 15 years, the Digital Scale Company now offer our extensive range of precise digital scales for sale on the internet at discount prices only matched by our service.
We stock current models of digital scales by all leading manufacturers including complete collections of "My Weigh"and "Jennings" products.
Digital scales and digital scale reviews are also available onOhaus, Kern & Sohn and Salter product lines.
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Nest Fest
Real estate news in San Antonio.
Posts filtered on Category
Buildings are popping up overnight
The developers of Espada North held a groundbreaking ceremony on Tuesday. Construction had already started, but trust me, it looked like an open field of dirt with a small pad of concrete in the middle. But if you want an example of construction crews working fast, take a look. These are photos taken just a […] [Read More]
New Starbucks on South Side
How have all those folks on San Antonio's South Side been surviving without a Starbucks at every corner for so long? Despite an announcement that the company will be closing 200 stores in the U.S., a new Starbucks has opened on the South Side at Interstate 35 and Southwest Military Drive. According to the Starbucks […] [Read More]


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May 3rd
EA Snub Wii U Again As Madden NFL 25 Skips Nintendo's New Console
Heavy Yellow Hankey Thrown Down
EA has confirmed that Madden NFL 25, which is widely expected to be one of the best-selling games in the US this year, will not be releasing on the Wii U. It is the first time a Madden title has failed to launch on a Nintendo console since 1991.
"We will not be releasing a Wii U version of Madden NFL in 2013," EA said. "However, we have a strong partnership with Nintendo and will continue to evaluate opportunities for delivering additional Madden NFL products for Nintendo fans in the future."
The unprecedented move marks another significant blow for the Wii U's ailing third-party support. A number of key titles have already skipped Nintendo's platform, with publishers unwilling to risk or tailor their games for the Wii U.
To date, EA has released only three games for Nintendo's home console: a standard port of Mass Effect 3, a stripped down version of FIFA 13 and an enhanced port of Need For Speed: Most Wanted. It remains to be seen whether FIFA 14 will also skip the Wii U, with announcement yet to be made.


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John holds a doctorate in English literature and has been a humanities professor, teaching award recipient, and university academic vice president.
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MYRTLE BEACH Fort Dorchesters Daitwan Commodore scored a pair of touchdowns to lead the South to a 23-0 victory over the North today at Doug Shaw Stadium.
Commodore, who was named the Souths offensive MVP, carried 12 times for 61 yards and scored on runs of 3 and 12 yards.
Summervilles Jarrod Tucker staked the South to a 7-0 lead when he broke loose for a 78-yard touchdown run on the second play of the second half.
The South, coached, by James Waring of St. Johns, dominated the North. The South totaled 343 yards in offense while the North managed just 177. The South recorded 10 quarterback sacks and 14 tackles for a loss.
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OneGo API
OneGo is a customer engagement platform that offers cloud based tools that enable businesses to create offers and rewards. OneGo analytics and targeted sharing facilitate the creation of personalized offers based on customer demographics and purchase history. OneGo offers a trio of APIs that allow the integration of OneGo services. API resources include notifications, merchants, benefits, bims, location, statement, and redeem. Data exchange is handled via JSON over HTTP. An API key is required.
JavaScript, PHP
OAuth, HTTP Basic Authentication
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Programme content
The MSc ITMOC is structured in three parts, corresponding broadly to the three academic terms, with breaks at Christmas and Easter.
You can find more detail on each module – both what it contains and how it is assessed – by following the links below to each module description.
In line with the programme's aims, a wide range of different teaching and learning methods are used.
Term 1: October to December
Induction programme
This intensive week of activities is designed to introduce you to key aspects of the programme and what will be expected of you, as well as to the facilities offered by LUMS and the University. Most importantly, it involves teamwork exercises and other social activities to help you get to know your fellow students, with whom you will be working closely throughout the year.
In the first term, all students take seven core modules of which two are skills-based and developmental modules and non-assessed. Together these account for 65 credits of the 180 credits that make up the MSc.
The core modules are:
Interpretations of Information, Technology and Organisations
Systemic Interventions and Consulting
Knowledge Management
Analysis, Design and Innovation
Academic and Professional Practice
Introduction to Business Analytics
You also choose one optional module from the following list:
Accounting and Financial Management *
E-Business *
Enterprise Systems Architectures
Human Resource Management I *
Operations Management *
For those modules marked with *, you will be taught with students on other LUMS Masters programmes.
Term 2: January to March
You take six more core modules, four of which are assessed and account in total for another 55 credits.
The Management of Organisational Change
Strategy, IT and Digital Business
Researching in Organisational Settings
IT Project Management
Academic and Professional Practice
Business Analysis and Enterprise Systems
You also take one of the following optional modules:
E-Marketing *
Human Resource Management II *
Knowledge and Global Organisations *
Cyber Security and Enterprise Resilience
Term 3: May to September
The final element of the Masters programme, and the most substantial single piece of written work, is the dissertation. This involves a sustained piece of individual research, and in some cases this is undertaken for a client company. The dissertation module accounts for 60 credits.
There is an optional study tour to London in June each year. Students attend a global cloud and big data conference, participate in a Chief Information Officer (CIO) workshop at the Work Foundation, and visit the Google London Campus and associated companies based at Silicon Roundabout.


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Posted by Dennis Douda (@ddouda) · Jun 18, 2014
Mayo Clinic's Zebrafish Program
There is a tiny unsung hero in the medical world, the zebrafish. Studying it has led to countless breakthroughs, from understanding how the body works, to treatments for conditions like cancer and heart disease. At Mayo Clinic, researchers often take their quest for answers to the "Fish Farm."
Journalists: The video package and extra b-roll are available in the downloads. To read the full script click here.
This is a special report produced for the Mayo Clinic 150th Anniversary Collection of Stories. To view other stories and learn about Mayo Clinic's sesquicentennial, please click here.
Addiction axons Dr Ekker Dr Henley Dr John Henley Dr Stephen Ekker fish farm HL nerves Pkg Research spinal cord zebrafish Mayo Clinic 150 Mayo Clinic 150th anniversary Mayo Clinic Sesquicentennial


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The death of Israeli democracy and the advent of the Israeli Theocracy
If selected for publication, it will appear as soon as possible on Haaretz.com.
On Saturday afternoon light rain greeted the long column of cars crawling through the narrow lanes of the Palestinian village of Jayus in the heart of the northern West Bank. At the head of the column was a battered truck dragging behind it a cart laden with black plastic chairs.


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By Monique Muñiz (CSUN Media Relations Intern)
When you see freshman Allan Guei play on the court, people think he plays basketball with passion and hustle. Well you are correct; however, basketball was not his first love.
The Cal State Northridge men's basketball point guard may have possibly became a soccer star. Born in Milan Italy, Guei moved to the Ivory Coast in Africa at the age of four, Guei's first love was futbol.
"I loved soccer and it was the first sport I played," remembered Guei, "I use to love watching France and Brazil play. Ronaldo Nazario de Lima was my favorite player. "When I moved to the United States, I wanted to play soccer. But when I came here, everyone was playing basketball."
When he moved from Italy to Africa the adjustment was easy because he was young. But not knowing anyone or speaking English when he moved to the United States made for a hard adjustment.
"It was just different. In Africa, not too many people get to see it the way I saw it. When people see Africa they sometimes see it as a poor place, but that wasn't the case for me," Guei said. "Over here not knowing the language and having no friends was a big adjustment for me."
Guei knew only French at the time and he had to learn English. In school, it was tough because he would think kids were making fun of him since he didn't understand them. It was on the basketball court though that helped him adjust better to the American culture.
He would watch Lakers games with this father and in the sixth grade Guei started to play pickup games at school.
"I would try and play at school," recalls Guei. "The guys didn't pick me at first because I didn't know how to play. I would just run up and down the court and I fell in love with the game and never looked back."
At Cal State Northridge, being the smallest player on the court didn't stop his determination at being the best player on the hardwood.
"I know it is going to take a lot of work to get better each and every year, but that is my goal," Guei said. "Even if I never get to the NBA, I've still reached my potential."
Playing on the youngest collegiate team (CSUN) in the country, Guei has become one of the most vocal players on the floor. At 5'8, the point guard knows he needs to gain respect from Northridge opponents.
"A lot of them don't respect me and I have to let them know I am on the court too," said Guei. "So I have always been vocal and I think my leadership is one of the big keys that colleges looked at me."
Not only is Guei a hard worker on the court, but he also has a good heart. Many have heard his story on how he won a free throw contest in high school and split the money among the other contestants. He owes that to the way he was brought up by his family.
"My parents and my aunt always told me if I have something don't be selfish, and help others. Whether I am successful in basketball or business I want to help others out whatever way I can. I was blessed to have the opportunity to do it early, but I'm still going to be doing that in the future."
Even though Guei may sometimes think he could have been a great soccer player he doesn't regret falling in love with the game of basketball and the life it has brought him thus far.


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I'm loving this game. It's fun, stylish, great music, and an awesome challenge. But it seems that I always have a problem on Chapter 2 no matter what difficulty. I can't figure it out why. I use the Beam ship. It's my favorite ship out of all the ones I've tried because of the wide spread of bullets and the beam itself. Even if I manage to get through all the ships without a scratch, which I'm doing fairly often now, when I get to the alien plant enemies I get put down HARD. Some of the sequences I just don't think are meant to be dodged, and I just can not get through with 2 credits until the boss battle. And my God did the boss battle ramp up from Legendary to Divine.
Well I was wondering if any of you guys have any tips to help me pass Chapter 2. Would be really appreciated. I don't even want to see how Chapter 2 on Judgment is. O_o