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Integrated HIV/AIDS Delivery in the Democratic Republic of Congo (ProVIC)
The integrated HIV/AIDS project (ProVIC) aims to reduce the incidence and prevalence of HIV and mitigate its impact on people living with HIV (PLWH) and their families. Led by PATH, the consortium includes Chemonics International, Catholic Relief Services, the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, and the International HIV/AIDS Alliance. The project focuses on four zones: Kinshasa, Matadi, Lubumbashi, and Bukavu.
We are working toward three intermediate results in our targeted zones:
Expand and improve HIV counseling and testing (HCT) and prevention services. In line with the national strategy against HIV and AIDS, we recognize that community engagement is an important element in increasing the effectiveness of HCT and prevention services. The project will mobilize communities to set and meet prevention objectives according to their priorities. Recognizing that each of the four regions presents unique risk factors that contribute to the spread of HIV, we will adapt interventions accordingly and target populations most at risk in each zone. To increase use of testing services, we will bring HCT services closer to the community. We will coordinate with other projects and use behavior change communication messaging to encourage testing and other prevention strategies. Finally, we will enhance services offered by the AXxes Project, which works to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Improve care, support, and treatment for people living with HIV (PLWH) and orphans and vulnerable children (OVC). The project will involve PLWH, OVC, and their communities in every step of implementation. Activities will center on the community and will adopt the US government's strategy of integrating palliative care in family-centered HIV services. The project will support the government's national campaign against HIV/AIDS (Programme national de lutte contre le SIDA–PNLS) and the Ministry of Social Affairs in developing and disseminating services. We will improve clinical palliative care and provide a holistic package of care and support interventions for people living with HIV to improve not only health but also social and economic status. Interventions include promoting positive living strategies, improving nutrition, and providing assistance with legal rights and income-generating activities. Using the same holistic approach, the project will develop a comprehensive package of support for orphans and vulnerable children.
Support strengthening of health systems. The project will build the capacity of governmental and nongovernmental service providers to improve prevention, care, support, and treatment services. Placing a special emphasis on improving the flow and use of strategic information, the project will support strengthening central and provincial health systems so they can better coordinate, plan, manage, and monitor health services.
Because the project is fundamentally an integrated service delivery program, we will also address a number of cross-cutting issues, including food and nutrition, economic strengthening, education, and gender. We will increase efficiency over time by working with local partners who deliver critical HIV and AIDS services. We plan to build on the existing work of consortium members and partners in the DRC.
Contact Information
Trad Hatton, MA MHS
Chief of Party
Immeuble Cavale II, #10/13
Ave. Mutombo Katshi
Gombe, Kinshasa, DRC
Email: email@example.com


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Florida Georgia Line Indianapolis Tickets
Florida Georgia Line Indianapolis Concert
Florida Georgia Line will be performing in Indianapolis, IN so get your seats now. Our website guarantees that your tickets will be authentic and exactly what you ordered or you get a 125% refund. The Florida Georgia Line Indianapolis concert is going to be a smash hit so buy your tickets off All Good Seats today. Florida Georgia Line has been known to put on a great show at every concert and gives the audience an amazing performance while on the stage. If you need tickets for the Florida Georgia Line concert in Indianapolis then look no further than AllGoodSeats.com. All Good Seats is one of the few companies that strives to keep its customers happy. Be sure to visit Indianapolis for the Florida Georgia Line concert that is coming up. Our company provides seats at a cheap price so you can have fun with the concert and not worry about your wallet.
Florida Georgia Line Concert Schedule Indianapolis, IN
Florida Georgia Line is currently not playing in Indianapolis, IN but you can check out other Florida Georgia Line Tickets here.
Florida Georgia Line Indianapolis
After you choose which tickets you want you can go through our secure checkout to make the purchase. All Good Seats does not refund tickets for concerts that were cancelled and then rescheduled. Each ticket you order is guaranteed to be next to each other unless explicitly noted otherwise. All Good Seats allows you to choose which tickets you want to purchase based on price, section, and quanity of tickets remaining. For more information please go to our Policies page or Guarantee page, which you will be able to find in the footer. Our company has helped more than 500,000 fans find seats online. If you can't find the seats you are looking for or need help ordering call our toll free number 888-895-6813. Our reputation is unbeatable making us the number one way to get seats for an event. Our selection of tickets is better than any competitor's list guaranteed.
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All Good Seats is an online ticket marketplace, not a box office.
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All Rights Reserved.

subset: commoncrawl


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This 90 Degree Remote Line Adapter has a one way valve built into it. It can be attached to your marker and then have an air tank attach right behind it. You can use your main air tank until it is emptied and then attach your remote line to the 90 Degree Remote Line Adapter without having to remove your main air tank. This is the fastest and the easiest way to have non-stop action in the battle field.
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All Rights Reserved.
All photography and text on this site is the original work of Punishers Paintball Supply and manufacturers.
Contents may not be used for any commercial or non-commercial purpose without prior written consent from www.punisherspb.com.
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text: I don't think a lot of people saw this item about the Disney Pro Soccer Classic. Disney will be holding a tryout with pros and College players for MLS teams that are at the Tournament. I thought this might be the MLS Combine but that is held earlier and at a different city and Field. Why do this after the draft? And is this unfair to other MLS teams? Does any one know if the Desert Diamond Cup has something like this. From the Orlando Sentinel (with the IPad I can't use the Bigsoccer quotes) "The incentive agreements require each team, in addition to participating in the Pro Soccer Classic tournament, to send a "head scout" to a six-day "international trials" event, during which unsigned professional players will audition for new deals, as well as a three-day "college combine," during which college players will perform in front of agents and other talent evaluators in hopes of landing professional offers. Both events, like the main soccer tournament, will be staged at Disney's Wide World of Sports venue."


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Gear Review
paul steffenhagen
work and play
- Gender: Male
- Familiarity: I've used it several times
i picked up this bag because i was tired of carrying a bag for work and a separate one for workout clothes. this thing will swallow up your laptop, chargers, spare drive, camera, shoes, shorts, etc and still have room for your lunch or pre/post workout snack. the only con for me at this time are the external water bottle pockets. with a full pack it's a little tough to get a bottle in and out, but feel that they will stretch a bit over time. replaced a messenger type bag with this one and haven't looked back
View More Details on DAKINE Network Backpack - 1900cu in


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With a touch of tradition and a splash of contemporary flare, Avana Westside reflects the essence of modern-day Atlanta in a close-knit metro community. Our apartments in Atlanta s West Midtown Design District offer the ultimate in urban living, right in the heart of Georgia. This Westside location offers residents luxurious features and attentive conveniences, steeped in a rich mix of locally-flavored shops, restaurants and entertainment. Spacious apartment homes showcase gorgeous black-on-black designer appliances, expansive granite countertops and lofty 9-foot ceilings.
Residents of our Atlanta apartment homes will enjoy the vibrant, creative atmosphere of Avana Westside as well as the community s top notch amenities including an onsite fitness center, designer decor, a Bark Park for pets to freely roam in a safe environment and private courtyards for green living are just some of the perks enjoyed by residents at Avana Westside.
Our community is located in the heart of Atlant ...(show more)
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By Donna MilesAmerican Forces Press Service
SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador, Nov. 12, 2004 Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld thanked El Salvador for its contributions in the war on terror and honored veterans of all nations and of all wars who "have stood together in the fight for freedom."
Rumsfeld delivered his message Nov. 11 during the fourth annual Veterans Day ceremony at the U.S. Embassy here. The visit is the first of several the secretary will make this week to thank U.S. allies in Central America for their support in Southwest Asia before attending the 6th Defense Ministerial of the Americas conference in Quito, Ecuador.
During the Veterans Day ceremony, Rumsfeld laid a wreath on a monument to U.S. personnel, including about 20 servicemembers, killed during El Salvador's bloody civil war. Some 75,000 people died during the conflict, which extended from 1979 to 1992.
"The people of the United States take special pride at having stood with you through those tough times -- and they were tough," Rumsfeld told U.S. veterans living in El Salvador and U.S. servicemembers assigned to the embassy here, as well as other embassy staff, who attended the ceremony.
Rumsfeld said he expects the people of both the United States and El Salvador to look back with a similar pride "on the roles that we are now playing in helping the Iraqis on their path to freedom and a more peaceful future."
The people of Iraq are learning today what both El Salvador and the United States learned during their own struggles for independence and freedom, Rumsfeld said. "It's not easy -- it never is -- and it requires patience and has costs."
He called El Salvador "a strong ally of the global war on terror and a nation that understands well the human struggle for liberty and democracy."
Rumsfeld praised El Salvador for quickly offering support and friendship following the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the United States and for its role in the coalition in Iraq.
He noted the heroism Salvadoran soldiers have demonstrated in Iraq, from a 16- member squad that wielded knives after running out of ammunition to fight off Iraqi criminals before coalition soldiers came to their aid to six members of the "Batallon Cuscatlan" to whom he will present Bronze Star Medals during a ceremony here today.
But El Salvador's and other coalition members' contributions to the war on terror have not been without cost, Rumsfeld acknowledged. He paid tribute to Pvt. Natividad Mendez, a Salvadoran soldier who died in the knife-fighting incident, as well as all other veterans throughout history who have sacrificed for freedom.
Rumsfeld gave a special tribute to the servicemembers who continue this fight on the front lines today.
"Freedom is again under attack by those who seek to rule by the few or by the dictator," he said. "Again, that challenge is being met by patriots from our two countries, and from many other countries, in Afghanistan, in Iraq, and everywhere that liberty is at stake.
"To them and to the veterans here and to veterans of every war on whose shoulders they stand -- the living, the missing, the departed -- our deepest gratitude for their service and for their sacrifice," he said.
U.S. Marine Corps Sgt. Annette Casto, a member of the Marine Detachment at the embassy, said she felt proud to be recognized along with her fellow servicemembers during the ceremony. "It's nice to know we're appreciated, and not just in our own country," she said. "It's great."
"It makes me feel really good," agreed U.S. Navy Petty Officer 1st Class James Reddinger, resident Seabee at the embassy.
Leopoldo Samayoa Linares, a Savadoran citizen who served in the U.S. Air Force from 1957 to 1961, said he felt honored to be recognized for his service. "I'm very proud," he said, noting that serving in the U.S. military was always one of his goals.
An estimated 800 Salvadoran nationals currently serve in the U.S. military, officials said.
Following visits to other U.S. allies in Central America, Rumsfeld will join leaders from 33 other countries for a Defense Ministerial of the Americas conference. He told reporters traveling with him the meeting is aimed at strengthening the inter-American security system.
Since 1995, the sessions have provided a forum for discussions among defense ministers from throughout the Western Hemisphere. Rumsfeld attended the last conference two years ago in Santiago, Chile, where the focus was largely on terrorism and peacekeeping operations.
This session will focus on four primary topics: regional security-cooperation arrangements; military law enforcement roles, responsibilities and coordination; regional peacekeeping capabilities; and science and technology cooperation.
Rumsfeld told reporters he looks forward to working with other conference participants as they tackle common threats, particularly terrorism and narcotics trafficking. He said these threats transcend national borders and must be addressed collectively.
"The kinds of challenges and threats that we face are not restricted to single countries," he said. "They cross borders. In fact, they take advantage of borders."
Related Sites:U.S. Embassy San SalvadorDefense Ministerial of the Americas


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Imbue Vermouth
From the May/June 2011 issue
For too long vermouth has been ignored by American tipplers.
Often thought of as a pale-colored, somewhat weak-kneed cousin to more traditional spirits, most people are unfamiliar with how it's made, or the richly flavorful qualities it is capable of. In fact, vermouth can be highly aromatic and satisfying, both as a drink on its own or as a mixer. After all, vermouth is wine fortified with spirits to which various herbs and botanicals are added as an infusion—lots to smell and taste. Typically, vermouth is made as dry (white) or sweet (red).
Well, now you can add "bittersweet" to the categories of vermouth thanks to the efforts of Oregonians Neil Kopplin, Derek Einberger, and Jennifer Kilfoil. Using Oregon Pinot Gris as their wine base, and adding brandy from Clear Creek Distillery that they aged in barrels with a mélange of infused herbs, they introduced at the end of 2010 their own boutique vermouth called Imbue.
They purposefully strove for a product that had bold flavors—
"not your grandmother's vermouth," as they like to say—and which they found simply delicious. After months of testing different herbs soaked in wine (including in their final mix elderflower, coriander, clove, sage, and others) to discover what seemed to work best, they settled on a formula, gained federal approvals, and launched Imbue.
Just as regional Northwest distillers are beginning to redefine the flavor profile of many classic spirits, like gin and whiskey, so the creators of Imbue seem to be re-jiggering what traditional vermouth is all about. How Northwest of them!
—Cole Danehower
Clear Creek Distillery | Woodinville Whiskey Company | Edgefield Distillery | Bull Run Distilling
Koenig Distillers | Northwest Distillery | Dry Fly Distilling | Victoria Spirits | Bainbridge Island Distilling
House Spirits Distillery | Calisaya Liqueur | Cana's Feast Chinato | Imbue Vermouth | Deco Distilling
Highball Distillery | Bendistillery | Stone Barn Brandyworks | New Deal Vodka


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Read the Infographics here:
There's more under the sea than we knew, including a TV star that is sponging up the most Social Media chatter. At least if you ask Social TV metrics company Trendrr, which crowned "SpongeBob SquarePants" the most buzzed show in 2012.
Just raise your eyebrows? I'm with you. But it didn't shock Trendrr which writes in its infographic, "…with more than 250 telecasts aired this year, it's little surprise the program comes in #1."
SpongeBob, in fact, averages 80,000 social interactions per episode. Still impressive, but chum compared to the 615K comments per episode gathered in by "The X Factor," which Bluefin Labs deems the victor for broadcast — because it used per episode numbers as its ultimate measure.
And actually, say Bluefin's numbers, neither Sponge nor X actually reign supreme. That goes to "Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta," which drew in 1.1 million viewers per episode.
On and on the differences go between the measurements. Why? Different time frames around the show, different platforms and they likely filter comments differently too. In this nascent age of Social TV metrics, a philosophy about what actually matters in the space has a large impact on results.
Here's the other surprise: It doesn't really matter that much. Why? Because interactions as a single metric is only the surface. It's fun to compare shows, it is great as a general indicator, etc. But what those viewers are saying, how much they are they talking, how influential those conversations are, what else they care about — none of this is going to be neatly wrapped up in a single metric. What Trendrr, Bluefin and their competitors are selling goes much deeper.
That's not to say a standardized measurement is pointless. A standard for comparison is going to matter both to the TV industry, the media and I'll bet viewers want to know too.
For now, both infographics show enough commonalities to conclude three things: 1) Social TV exploded in 2012; 2) MTV, FOX and NBC are all especially happy it did; 3) It generated a lot of fascinating data that will help networks and brands fine tune their social signals. So read on …
- Page 1 / 3
- Continue


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|Pin It
Suzy Ultman, Suzy's Dollhouse, Garden in FAT QUARTERS, 7 Total
Each Fat Quarter Measures: 18"x 22"
You will receive a Fat Quarter of each of the following:
Kona Grass Green
Doll Houses Garden
Kona Coal
Dolly Garden ( 1 Yard Panel)
Keys Garden
Doll City Garden
Kona Dark Violet
Fiber Content: 100% Cotton
If you would like to have a 1/2 yard of each print, please enter 2 in the Qty Box.
Yardage is cut in one continuous piece.
Roll over image for a better view.


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Daily Government Quotes
It stereotypes that kid when he was just playing with his food.
Maryland state Sen. J. B. Jennings, explaining why he introduced the Reasonable School Discipline Act, after a second-grader was suspended for chewing his food into the shape of a gun.
Join the Discussion
After you comment, click Post. You can enter an anonymous Display Name or connect to a social profile.


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Update: As of late August 2013 I have seen the ammo situation improving slightly. If you are willing to go off the beaten path you can find ammo. However, it won't be cheap. I was able to find plenty of .223, .308, and 9mm but the prices were pretty high. It seems we have a ways to go before the ammo shelf at Wal-Mart will stay stocked. The good news is that the hunting calibers seem readily available. Anything like buckshot, 30-06, .300 Win Mag, and 7mm all seem to be in stock at Wal-Mart. .22 long ammo still seems to be in very short supply though. Also, I am still unable to find any gunpowder. I have seen primers come back, but no powder yet.
As an avid shooter I have been growing increasingly frustrated with the current ammo shortage that seems to be dragging on much longer than everyone expected. With all the talk of background checks and gun bans after the Sandy Hook shooting, gun enthusiasts have been buying every box of ammo they can get their hands on.
With the shortage comes greater demand, which has given birth to opportunists with too much free time on their hands. These individuals will stake out at their local sporting goods stores and wait in line to buy ammo to then resell at gun shows and online forums. My local shooting range buys ammo from a local ammo company, and only allows for purchase of ammo if you intend to shoot it on the range that day.
Pretty much, it sucks. As someone who likes to go to the range regularly, I've been forced to cut back on shooting for fear that I will run low on ammo in the future. What makes it even worse is that nothing is being spared from this panic. Reloading components are in extremely short supply. From presses, to powder, to primers. Good luck getting your hands on any of that without a considerable search.
How Long Will The Ammo Shortage Last?
In my opinion, this will go on for as long as people are willing to pay ridiculous prices for ammo and reloading components. Simply put, as long as there is a demand. When everyone decides that they have enough ammo and are tired of waiting in line to make a few extra bucks, the supply will slowly increase. It's supply and demand.
I've heard reports of gun powder being able to stay on the shelves at a local shop nearby, so that is a good sign. I wouldn't really count on it though with the recent Boston bombers using gunpowder in their explosive devices. All it takes is a few media outlets to run a story and panic will be restored. Here is a great article with a lot of quotes from ammo manufacturers about the shortage. Here is a particularly disheartening quote.
"We absolutely are in uncharted territory," said Larry Hyatt, whose family owns Hyatt Gun Shop in Charlotte, N.C.. "Our store is 53 years old, and we have never seen anything like this. We have had some spot shortages and busy gun times in the past. This is a level (of demand) never before seen."
This panic can only last so long. Eventually people will calm down and stop hoarding ammo. Manufacturers will get caught up on backorders and things will slowly return to normal. I am staying optimistic. The first step will be ammo returning to shelves. The second step will be prices returning to normal. I think that will be the longest wait. As the shock waves of this panic subside, there will be after shocks when prices fall that will keep everything from immediately returning to the level it once was. I'm hoping by the end of the year things will be much closer to normal. That is unless some maniac goes on another shooting spree.


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Oscar entries 2012
1 Oscar entries 2012 Articles
Ranbir Kapoor's Barfi! Or Vidya Balan's Kahaani – which film will be selected for the Oscars this year?3 years ago 26
The Film Federation of India (FFI) has made a list of films to be sent to this year's Academy Awards. And the competition looks tough! Every year… Read Article ▶
More Oscar entries 2012


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Cambridge academic Dr Kate Stone says she feels 'totally lucky to be alive' after being gored by a stag in Scotland
Posted: February 27, 2014|
A Cambridge academic who was gored in the neck by a huge stag has told how she cheated death by a fraction and said she feels 'totally lucky to be alive'.
Dr Kate Stone, 44, was left fighting for her life after the freak accident outside her Scottish holiday home.
The animal had become trapped in the garden and tried to bolt as Dr. Stone and her friends returned in the dark from a night out.
The frightened beast crashed into Dr. Stone and impaled her throat with its antlers, leaving her with life-threatening injuries and just millimetres from being paralysed or bleeding to death.
She was airlifted from the scene at Lohailort to hospital in Glasgow and put in an induced coma for a week.
Surgeons also had to operate on her windpipe twice and two months later Dr. Stone, from Cambridge, is still recovering at her sister's home in Dundee.
She said she is "still only realising the magnitude of what's happened".
She remembers walking through a garden gate and feeling "a massive thud... and then a second thud".
She said: "I shouted for my friends to come over.
"At first they thought I was joking, but they could tell by the way I was gurgling, rather than speaking, and my neck was all cut open... it became clear I couldn't breathe or speak properly."
She said she was in shock but felt no pain.
"A friend told me to focus on breathing so I remained very calm and I just did one breath in, one breath out.
"And that's what I did for about 40 minutes."
In hospital medics told her the stag's antler went through her trachea and oesophagus, damaging her vocal cords and fracturing her neck, before hitting her spine.
She said: "I'm told it stopped just a few millimetres from my spinal cord.
"I'm also told that if it had been slightly to the left of the right I would have bled to death at the scene.
"My injuries were life-threatening, absolutely, and it's so strange for me to realise that."
After she left hospital, Dr Stone was unable to walk, talk properly, write - and she still has to eat and drink using a tube.
She said: "But I'm totally lucky to be alive.
"I feel like I've gained nearly everything back, kind of from the brink of death.
"It could be a life-changing experience but it confirms how I already feel about so many things."
Dr Stone said she hoped to be able to return to work in Cambridge, where she runs the hi-tech print company, Novalia, in the next two or three months, "but not until I am ready".
She said: "I tell people I meet, 'Life is short and at any moment something can happen us.
"I always thought it would be a car accident.
"I think a stag accident is much more my style."
She was a research engineer in the Institute of Manufacturing at Cambridge before setting up her company.


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In 1981, during the waning days of the best of the "calculator wars" between Hewlett-Packard, Texas Instruments, and other manufacturers, I was forced to learn the "standard" algorithm for calculating square roots by hand. Never mind the reality that the rise of inexpensive scientific calculators was fast making this algorithm obsolete,;my 11th-grade math teacher was quite insistent that this was a skill we all needed to master.
I still know that algorithm, and use it about once a year to dazzle and confuse students. Thus, I am pleased to see it making a comeback — at a sensible level — in Inside Your Calculator , where alternate algorithms for many common calculator functions (cosine, square root, and logarithms among them) are presented and discussed. Rising makes it clear that the algorithms he presents are not the ones used by the TI-84 plus calculator, but simple programs that compute the necessary values while illustrating important calculation issues. To find the cosine of an angle entered in degrees takes only a 7-line program, for example. (There is a chapter that discusses CORDIC calculation of the cosine function, as is used in many calculators.) In that sense, he lives up to his title and provides simple programs that lead to significant insights.
This is a book for "active reading", in the same vein as the "active learning" trend that runs through classrooms around the country. Not only because reading calculator program code is a bit on the dry side, but because the concepts that Rising is describing are only really appreciated when you see a calculator producing results — accurate results from easily-understood programs. For readers unfamiliar with programming a calculator, several appendices provide a simple introduction to this powerful tool. Everyone — from novice math students to experienced calculator users — will find something useful and interesting in this book.
Mark Bollman (firstname.lastname@example.com) is an associate professor of mathematics at Albion College in Michigan. His mathematical interests include number theory, probability, and geometry. His claim to be the only Project NExT fellow (Forest dot, 2002) who has taught both English composition and organic chemistry to college students has not, to his knowledge, been successfully contradicted. If it ever is, he is sure that his experience teaching introductory geology will break the deadlock. Mark shares his office at Albion with 818 new and old calculators, which were certainly an inspiration for this review, and a regulation 3-reel slot machine, which was merely a distraction.
Chapter 1. Introduction.
Chapter 2. Numbers, Algorithms and Programs.
Chapter 3. Integer Powers.
Chapter 4. Square Root.
Chapter 5. Rational Powers and Roots.
Chapter 6. Logarithms.
Chapter 7. Archimedes' Calculation of π.
Chapter 8. Trigonometry.
Chapter 9. CORDIC.


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Old Barn Reclaimed Wood Co. is the #1 source for Mill Direct Antique Wood Products. We ship internationally via common freight carriers directly from our saw mills to your door step. We provide reclaimed wood flooring, reclaimed beams, reclaimed wood paneling, reclaimed lumber, barn wood, and reclaimed wood furniture. Whether you are reviving a 19th Century Colonial Home or building a rustic retreat in the mountains there is nothing that compares to the appeal, durability, and character of antique wood. We provide a wide range of reclaimed wood species including Antique Oak, Heart Pine, Wormy Chestnut, Rustic Hickory, Rock Elm, Heart Cypress, Pecky Cypress, Tank Redwood, Douglas Fir, and more. Feel free to contact us with questions about your project.
Aside from the obvious environmental implications, the benefits of using reclaimed wood are virtually limitless. Generally speaking, reclaimed lumber and flooring is higher quality than new or "green" lumber. Here is the story:
When the explorers and pioneers first visited North America, the timberland looked much different than it does today. At that time the forests were chock-full of massive old growth timber. The trees in most cases were several hundred, and sometimes thousands, of years old. When trees reach full maturity and growth is uninhibited by de-forestation and disease, an interesting phenomenon emerges in the tree's chemical composition.
The Life and Extinction of Heart Wood: When a tree reaches a certain height and mass a significant amount of strength is required to with stand ordinary wind and weather conditions to maintain its life function. The adjustments the trees make are two-fold. First, the root structure of the tree expands outwards, sometimes reaching lateral expansion more than ten times the distance from the trunk to the outside of the canopy or "drip-line".
Secondly, large, mature trees begins to develop "Heart Wood". Heart wood is the dense, dark wood in the center of a tree. The heart wood no longer participates in the life function of the tree, meaning it does not transfer water and nutrients from the soil to the branches and leaves. Thus heart wood is much dryer and more stable than the outer rings or "sap wood". Additionally, heart wood is very fragrant and possesses outstanding rich color that can't be found in less mature trees. Unfortunately, the original "Ax Men" figured out the business opportunity exporting the virgin timber presented, and the rest is history.
The Early North American Timber Industry: The exporting of timber was one of the great staples of trade in North America during the 19th Century. Founded upon European demand, it fostered economic development throughout the United States and Canada. It encouraged the building of towns and villages, the opening of roads, and exploration.
Wood entered 19th century trade in many forms. Large masts cut from the finest trees for the Royal Navy were the most valuable commercial product of the North American Forests; however, square timber and sawn lumber were the major wood staples. Lumber is the the product of sawmills was prepared mostly as planks and boards. Square timber, known as "ton timber", were baulks or "sticks of wood hewn square with axes and shipped to England where they were often resawn. Strict specifications governed the market.
The square timber industry developed rapidly to meet the enormous demand from Britain, which was at war with Napoleonic France and was also undergoing industrialization. Although small quantities of White Oak, Rock Elm, Ash, Chestnut, and Hickory were squared, Longleaf Pine or "Heart Pine" as it is know today, was the major industrial species.
Vast forests of Longleaf Pine or "Heart Pine" were once present along the southeastern Atlantic coast and Gulf Coast of North America. These forests were once the source of resin, turpentine, and timber. Before European settlement Longleaf Pine forest dominated as much as 90,000,000 acres stretching from Virginia south to Florida and west to Texas. With the industrial Revolution in full force by the late 19th century, these virgin timber stands were among the most sought after timber trees in the country. Most commonly, the heart pine timber was used in post and beams construction for factories, mills and warehouses, throughout the United States. By 1900 virtually all of the Virgin Pine forests had been cut over and usually replaced with faster growing, softer Loblolly Pine and Slash Pine.
Heart Pine Today: The only reliable source for the richly colored, dense heart pine is the "Industrial Forest". As American manufacturing is becoming virtually obsolete due to international outsourcing, so too are the industrial sites that put it on the map. The large heart pine timbers that were used to construct the factories and mills of the industrial Revolution are now reclaimed and resawn into beautiful antique heart pine flooring, exposed beams, paneling, and reclaimed wood furniture.
The Reclaimed Wood Business: Beginning in the 1970's people began to understand the history and quality of reclaimed lumber. Reclaimed Lumber is wood that has been taken for re-use. Most often, this is timber from wood beams and decking is taken from long-standing idle buildings such as old barns, factories and and warehouses. Reclaimed and antique lumber is highly desired by architects and designers for its history, quality and character. Reclaimed wood is popular as flooring, siding, paneling, cabinet lumber, and furniture.
In some cases, reclaiming lumber is the only source for certain species of wood. For example, the American Chestnut. Beginning in 1904, a Chestnut blight spread across the United States killing BILLIONS of American Chestnut Trees. Wormy Chestnut is a popular flooring and paneling option for many architects and designers because of its beautiful grain and large color range. The source of chestnut today is primarily reclaimed barn wood.
The Growing Popularity of Barn Wood: Barns serve as one of the most common sources for reclaimed wood in the United States. Barns constructed up through the early part of the 19th century were typically built using whatever trees were on site. They often contain a Antique Oak, Hickory, Chestnut, Elm, and Douglas Fir. Barn boards and beams were either sawn or hand hewn using an axe or squared with an adze. Hand hewn beams are often used by architects, designers and homeowners for their vintage yet sophisticated look. Oak Beams are the most abundant hand hewn beams, and are typically available in sizes up to 12x12.
In closing, there are virtually limitless uses for reclaimed wood. Flooring, beams, furniture, siding, and paneling are the most abundant uses for reclaimed timber. Vintage wood provides a look that is simply unmatched by new lumber. Beautiful color, stability, durability, hardness, texture and fragrance are all characteristics of reclaimed wood.


text:
Diving is rewarded with big cash boost
Posted: December 19, 2012|
ANDY BANKS has welcomed the near 15 per cent increase in funding that British diving has received from UK Sport in the lead up to the Rio Olympics in 2016.
Plymouth Diving's Great Britain coach said the double-digit hike to £7.5million, to cover the next four years is a 'show of faith in the sport's results and development programme'.
The news of the UK Sport's funding for the next four-year cycle in the build up to the Brazil Games came as Banks and his Plymouth Olympians joined the remainder of Team GB's athletes and hierarchy at Southend.
Olympic bronze medallist Tom Daley and fellow London Games stars Tonia Couch and Sarah Barrow joined their coach and British Diving chief Alexei Evangulov for a 'pre-Rio' assessment at the Essex aquatic centre.
In total there are eight Plymouth divers, including city-born Shanice Lobb and new signings from Crystal Palace Frankie Del Celo, Robin Birch, Rhea Gayle and Victoria Vincent, for the three-day get-together.
Banks said he was heartened that diving will be one of the beneficiaries as the list of winners and losers post the London showpiece was released yesterday.
He said: "It's really good news as it means diving will get a £1 million increase (up from £6.5million in 2012) ahead of the Rio Games.
"We get funding on a four-year cycle and I think it shows the powers what be are pretty happy with how we did in London overall.
"From next year everything will point towards Brazil and the next Olympics, which is why all of us involved in Team GB are in Southend for these three days.
"We will all be working hard to make sure that Plymouth plays as big a part in gaining success at Rio, as we did in London.
"Having the Life Centre in Plymouth has been a major boost for all of us at Plymouth Diving and for people in the city.
"In February we host the national championships so our guys will have to fight off the next generation of athletes coming through.
"We've attracted five young divers from Crystal Palace and they, along with others, will be vying with Tom, Tonia and Sarah over the next four years to try and get places at the Games.
"Everything starts over again now, so knowing we've been rewarded with more funding is a terrific fillip."


text:
|Francesca Buono
The Use of Solar Grade Silicon for Photovoltaic Devices
Francesca Buono from Cosenza recently completed her Master of Philosoophy thesis at WIT on the topic of 'The Use of Solar Grade Silicon for Photovoltaic Devices'. The external examiner was Prof Derek Ingham from the Department of Applied Mathematics at the University of Leeds. Prof Ingham's research interests are many and varied and include computational fluid dynamics and the boundary element method amongst others.


text:
At least one parent of a student at Seattle's John Stanford International School disagrees. That's her right, and her child has the option to not participate.
Nearly every school child in Washington state either recites or politely listens to the Pledge of Allegiance at the beginning of each school day.
It's the law in this state (RCW 28A.230.140) and, frankly, a good one. Having children, as part of the learning process, exposed to patriotic symbols such as the flag and the Pledge of Allegiance is important to understand they are part of something -- a nation -- that is bigger than themselves.
Some citizens of this country don't necessarily agree with the government or its values and therefore balk at reciting the Pledge of Allegiance.
Well, they don't have to recite the Pledge. They can, according to the state law, simply "maintain a respectful silence."
People are not forced to participate in patriotic activities.
Given that, there is no reason for the recent flap in Seattle over a decision made by the principal of the John Stanford International School calling for the state law on the Pledge to be followed.
This publicly funded school, which is part of the Seattle School District, had previously let its teachers decide if the Pledge would be recited, the result being it was not. Principal Jesely Alvarez decided to enforce the state law. Alvarez, in a letter to parents, acknowledged some opposition from teachers but said that after a month of internal debate it was time "to move forward" in "following state law."
"As adults in this school community, I believe it is important that we follow rules," he wrote.
This decision has irked at least one parent, a 26-year-old woman who spent four years in the U.S. Air Force. The woman said she chose to settle in Seattle's Wallingford area so her 6-year-old daughter could attend John Stanford International School -- an educational community promoting multiculturalism that the woman has tried to instill in her daughter who has a Jamaican heritage.
"It pains me to think that at a school that emphasizes thinking globally we would institute something that makes our children think that this country alone is where their allegiance lies," Sides said. "This has no educational value for young children. Absolutely none."
We disagree. We believe people who are citizens of this country should have an allegiance to the nation. Americans -- many of whom have immigrated from other nations -- working together and protecting the country is what has made this nation strong.
If Sides has a different view, that's her right. That's an important aspect of America, and there is educational value in experiencing that freedom.
More like this story
- LETTERS TO THE EDITOR - Religion best kept in the home, churches, etc.
- WAY OUT HERE - Learning the spirit behind 'allegiance'
- LETTERS TO THE EDITOR - Return nation to constitutional values
- Nealey knows our local needs
- Q&A: Whitman grad Dottie Metcalf-Lindenburger talks about education and spaceflight
Use the comment form below to begin a discussion about this content.


text:
Possible fix for overscan issues under Ubuntu (and possibly other Linux distros)
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Join Date: Mar 2010
Posts: 2
Re: Possible fix for overscan issues under Ubuntu (and possibly other Linux distros)
Just noticed the comment on this. Yes, the XBMC forums seem to have moveable links - I don't know if their database got corrupted or what, but the link I posted doesn't seem to go to the article that was originally there. Anyway, for anyone that finds this thread, I found a better approach for dealing with overscan in the Sharp LC-42SB45U TV in a blog post, although as far as I know the method shown there only works with that one particular model of Sharp TV:
An overscan fix for the Sharp LC-42SB45U television set when connected to a computer with a Linux operating system (Ubuntu, etc.)
EDIT: Fixed link to point to new location. If it moves again, just search for the title of the page or just "An overscan fix for the Sharp LC-42SB45U".
I have noticed that many HDTV's have the dot by dot option, but each one seems to have its own name for that feature, and apparently some (like the Sharp model I have) don't present the option in all circumstances. With the Sharp, the timing of the signal makes a difference, and that can be adjusted using a proper ModeLine but figuring out the correct one to use must be a real pain. TV manufacturers really need to do a better job of documenting this, and a good start would be standardizing on a specific name for the feature so you don't have to guess what it's going to be called every time you have to deal with a different TV set.
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text: Fraser and Sniegoski Slide 41 AHRQ and the Science of Public Reporting Text version of slide presentation from a National Advisory Council meeting. #1 Build the Science: Pilots and Evaluations to Fill Evidence Gaps What kinds of data do consumers/patients want, and how do we get it? What display format is most effective? How can we maximize consumer engagement (what timing, what type of medium, etc.)? How does the impact of a public report vary depending on other incentives and market forces such as payment strategy, market competitiveness, and payment? Previous Slide Contents Next Slide Page last reviewed November 2012 Internet Citation: Fraser and Sniegoski Slide 41: AHRQ and the Science of Public Reporting. November 2012. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://www.ahrq.gov/news/events/nac/2011-07-nac/frasersniegoski/frasersl41.html


text:
Week 13: Portugal F3
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Location: at the nearest fashion week.
Posts: 15,622
Re: Week 13: Portugal F3
Originally Posted by
It'll be the winner of the RTP Tournament, and it'll be Rui Machado almost for sure. Last time I remember Machado and Gil meeting on clay, Rui won 6-3 6-0. Harsh. Frederico sure can do better than that, but he's more versatile whereas Rui is a clay specialist.
As for Gastão, let's hope he doesn't end up the next Nuno Marques. Talent for Top 20, matches given away poorly every week. It was so heart-breaking that someone so talented was 10 times a bigger choker than Mathieu is.
Trulli that was last year.
If Rui wins the RTP Tournament, then it's all good. It is because he was the best. But okay I admit it, I have a soft spot for Fred ( always did ), and I would be thrilled to see in Estoril.
Gastão can be much better then Nuno, he has the talent for that no doubt about it. But only time will tell us that.
Gosh I miss Nuno, why does he have to be in the North?
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no more or less than santa or the tooth fairy
Id love to have a few drinks with him/her. All you deep religous sinners, please give me his/her address, what bar is gods favourite?
Nope!

Seen anything He's done recently?
It's close to impossible to prove that something doesn't exist. Why do you think there are so damn many of them?
I don't personally believe in a god, but I can't say with absolute certainty that it's right. There is no proof that god exists and you can't prove a negative (that god doesn't exist). The burden of proof is on those who claim that there is a god. Just because they haven't found any evidence doesn't mean that it's impossible. So, I don't believe, but I'm not one of those shitheads who goes around proudly announcing it as if I've discovered some long-lost secret that the world must be awoken to.
YESSSS!!! In the Person of Jesus Christ!

Reason? He saved me from an indulgent life and is changing me!

And yes, creations don't create themselves (Romans 1:18-20)
yes cause he helps me out
I believe in a Divine force. My reasons are vast but mostly it is a knowing inside/within me...
The bearded man on a gold throne flying round heaven... nope. The universe of flowing energy, yes. mx:))
Honestly yes and no at the same time b/c whatever they told me about God was basically ******...yes, there is something but do I KNOW that, no, I don't. It's all way too complex for my wee brain.
No. There is no evidence that a god exists. there have been thousands upon thousands of religions. Why are the current few any less fake?
Are you high? You can't prove something doesn't exist. There is no evidence god/s exist. therefore They do not exist. And if your only argument is that you can't prove he doesn't exist that's pretty damn lame.
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I won't judge you on your answer. i just wish to gain a consensus.
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text:
K'naan's full name is Keinan Warsame, and the first part of that moniker means "traveler." Well chosen, because the Mogadishu-born MC has bounced around a bit. He grew up in Somalia, moved to Harlem, spread his artistic wings in Toronto, and is now on the road supporting his very impressive second disc, Troubador.
He honed his flow as a kid, echoing the rap cassettes his dad would send across the Atlantic from NYC. It has paid off. On the new CD's "ABCs" he manages boast about his skills, stump for the education of kids, and give Chubb Rock plenty of elbow room. Troubador has silly rhymes, thoughtful rhymes, political rhymes, and funky rhymes. It gets lots of jobs done.
We asked K'naan, VH1 Soul's latest You Oughta Know artist, a few off-the-cuff questions right after he and his group wailed through a performance on Jimmy Kimmel's show in late February.
Name a great memory from childhood.
"There are a lot of them, but there was this one rainy day where about 50 kids from our neighborhood in Somalia went to a lake that used to fill up during rainstorms. It was beautiful to swim in. Kids from other neighborhoods were scared of kids from our neighborhood. When we reached the lake, the other kids cleared. We had the whole thing to ourselves. You could jump from little cliffs. We stayed there 'til the evening."
What are you, a morning or night person?
"Night. I like the silence, and I like knowing that everyone else is asleep – like I've got one up on everyone. I stay up late, and usually go to bed when I'm exhausted from a show or some studio work – I collapse. I do my reading elsewhere; in bed, it's like 'let's just sleep.'"
You've traveled quite a bit. Where do you feel is home?
"Somalia, even though I don't live there. That's still home. That's still in the heart, though I haven't been there in a long time. Toronto, where I lived, too. That feels like a home. And strangely, Portugal. Everything about it. The physicality of the country, the people, the women…beautiful."
Name a food you can't live without.
"There's a restaurant in Toronto called Hamdi. It's Somalian specialty food. My band is largely American guys from Philly, and they're addicted to it. They're like 'Yo, when are we going to Hamdi?'"
What song on the new album is a breakthrough?
"Wavin' Flag." It's one of those songs you come upon every once in awhile. You don't search for it. You know from conception that it's going to touch people. Can't really explain it. I sat down and heard the melody in my head and recorded it. Within the span of a half hour the song was there. Everyone who hears it says it's going to be the greatest thing."
What was your first concert?
"It was a show that was inside a play – political theatre. That's the way it was in my country. They'd have a play and inside the play is where the concerts were. There was a premise: a guy performing was wrongfully convicted, a tyrant wanted the woman he was in love with, and he was locked away because of that. We were taught to be sharp about art, even though I was seven years old, I knew it was about something else, too. He was kept away because of the love of his country."
Favorite Bob Marley song?
"Hard to have just one, but one that stands out in my head is 'Concrete Jungle.'"
Do you remember your dreams?
"Not really, but if I take cold medicine or sleeping pills, I remember everything, and it's fucked up and weird. Lots of stuff happening them."
If you wanted to please yourself on a day off, what would you do?
"Catch three movies in a row by myself. I recently went to a little theatre in New York and did that. Saw "Religulous," and I like him (Bill Maher) more than I liked that movie. And I saw "Doubt" and one more film that day. I timed it. I knew I'd need a half hour between them and I made it work."
What's the K'naan song that is rocking the crowd these days?
"It's gotta be "Wavin' Flag." Funny, right? It's rare when the song that pleases the artist pleases the crowd. It's like the venue has been carpet-bombed with ecstasy.
How did you know you were going to be a performer?
"I was the official storyteller of my house when I was about seven. Every Friday night I would have to come and tell the whole family and elders a story. My family has famous singers and poets. I had to entertain them. The stories you tell as a child in Somalia, they're in acts, like a film. Episodes… So it would take you about an hour to tell a nuanced story. Details. Imagery – you have to explain all that. That aspect of performance came early. I used to be so obsessed with telling a great story that I would befriend kids from my school so I could meet their grandmothers and learn some new stories."


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With the MoSync SDK you are not restricted to just coding in HTML5/JavaScript. You can use the Wormhole communication bridge to talk to C/C++ from JavaScript — really useful when you want to extend your HTML5/JavaScript application with custom code written in C++.
If you are not familiar with how to create an HTML5 project, please read the tutorial Developing Apps in HTML5/JavaScript.
The following example code is based on the HTML5/JS/C++ Hybrid Project Template. This template illustrates how to invoke custom C++ code from JavaScript. The UI has buttons for making the device vibrate and beep.
To create a project based on this template, launch MoSync SDK, and create an app in the Eclipse-based IDE, using the HTML5/JS/C++ Hybrid Project template. Then you will get the source code discussed below.
The template app uses the Wormhole C++ library (classes HybridMoblet and MessageStream) and the JavaScript libraries included in the file wormhole.js (all included with the application template).
It is good to know that two message formats are supported by Wormhole: JSON messages and String stream messages. The example we discuss here uses String streams.
String streams are a performant way of sending messages from JavaScript to C++. This method is generally faster than JSON messages (on some platforms 20x faster). Parsing on the C++ side is very efficient, and streams of string messages are concatenated before passed to C++. This makes sending a large number of small messages efficient.
The JavaScript function mosync.bridge.send() is used to send string messages to C++:
mosync.bridge.send(messageArray, callbackFunction)
This function takes two parameters. The first parameter "messageArray" is an array of strings.These values will be sent to C++. By convention, the protocol for sending custom messages is based on the first element in the array being the string "Custom", and the second element being the name ("action") of the message, like "Beep". Then follows any parameters. (See example below.)
The second parameter "callbackFunction" is an optional function that you can use to send back a result value from C++ to JavaScript. The communication mechanism is asynchronous, which is why a callback function is used to pass the result back from C++ to JavaScript.
Here is an example of a JavaScript call that sends a custom message C++ to make the device vibrate (here we do not need to use any callback function):
mosync.bridge.send(["Custom", "Vibrate", "500"]);
This JavaScript code is found in file index.html in the generated template application.
In the corresponding implementation in C++, the message "Vibrate" is first registered in the constructor of the the application's Moblet, in class MyMoblet. A Moblet is the main object in a MoSync application, and the constructor is a good place to declare message to method bindings.
The addMessage method binds the message name to a C++ method:
addMessageFun( "Vibrate", (FunTable::MessageHandlerFun)&MyMoblet::vibrate);
This C++ code is found in file main.cpp in the generated template application.
Here is the C++ code for the vibrate method:
void vibrate(Wormhole::MessageStream& message) { int duration = MAUtil::stringToInteger(message.getNext()); maVibrate(duration); }
The call to message.getNext() retrives a char pointer (char*) to the next parameter in the message stream, in this case the duration time ("500"). If there are no more messages, NULL is returned.
Note that when a message handling method is called, the first two elements of the original string array sent from JavaScript have been "consumed" by the message handling framework, and the first call to message.getNext() will therefore return a pointer to the first parameter in our message, the value "500".
You can also have messages with no parameters. The "Beep" message is an example of this. Here is the call made from JavaScript:
mosync.bridge.send(["Custom", "Beep"]);
The message handler is registered like this in C++:
addMessageFun( "Beep", (FunTable::MessageHandlerFun)&MyMoblet::beep);
And here is the C++ code for the beep method:
void beep(Wormhole::MessageStream& message) { maSoundPlay(BEEP_WAV, 0, maGetDataSize(BEEP_WAV)); }
Next, we will take alook at how to return values from C++ to JavaScript.
Note that the code below is not part of the code you get with the template application. You can however type it in yourself, to further explore how the code works.
To evaluate JavaScript code in the WebView from C++, you can use the HybridMoblet::callJS() method. Here is an example:
callJS("alert('Hello World')");
The following snippets illustrate how to invoke C++ from JavaScript and call a JavaScript callback function.
Here is the JavaScript part:
mosync.bridge.send( ["Custom", "GetScreenSize"], function(width, height) { alert("Screen size: " + width + ", " + height); });
And here is the C++ part. First register the message handler in the MyMoblet constructor:
addMessageFun( "GetScreenSize", (FunTable::MessageHandlerFun)&MyMoblet::getScreenSize);
Then define the getScreenSize method. Here we create a script that invokes the JavaScript function mosync.bridge.reply() with the callbackId of the message and the result parameters (this will call the function specified above, in the call to mosync.bridge.send):
void getScreenSize() { const char* callbackId = message.getNext(); char script[512]; sprintf( script, "mosync.bridge.reply(%d, %d, %d)", callbackId, EXTENT_X(maGetScrSize()), EXTENT_Y(maGetScrSize())); callJS(script); }
The JavaScript function mosync.bridge.reply() always takes the callbackId as the first argument. You can then supply a variable number of arguments (zero to many) that will be passed to the callback function in JavaScript.
If you wish to dig deeper, you can explore the MoSync source code at GitHub, and you can also take a look at the example program WebViewGeoLocation, which is a low-level example that does not use the Wormhole library. Note that wormhole.js is a generated file, made up of several JavaScript source files (which means it is not found in the GitHub repository).
Items of interest:


text:
I have been doing hair for over 20 years and enjoy what I do; I strive to offer a great service and experience; please consider me for the service.
I have been doing hair for over 20 years and enjoy what I do; I strive to offer a great service and experience; please consider me for the service.
hired 2 times on Thumbtack
I am a braids and sew-in specialist working full time in an upscale shop. I also carry wigs, hair pieces and Indian or Malaysian reusable hair extensions for an affordable price.
I am located in Glendale, AZ, near the Arrowhead Mall. I have over 15 years' experience and can do sew-in weave hair extensions and braids for all types of hair. My location is a private studio, so there are no on-lookers as you get services. It's perfect for the transgender person who may not want others looking at them while they are getting hair extensions.
My location also has a day spa, so you can get your hair done and get a massage, facial, and your nails done by professionals. My professional business even has a cafe in the front entrance for you to enjoy a gourmet lunch or breakfast. Call me today, so you can be pampered.
Glendale, AZ 85308
This business address is private; the map is showing an approximate location.
Great job. Fast and friendly service. Definitely coming back.
I have been going to joya for sew ins for a little over a year now and she is always sweet and more importantly she is professional when you go to see her you get a professional salon experience not only does she style your hair she also shows you how to maintain the style and products to use to get the most out of your investment I love ms.joya and I am forever a client
Great experience! Will definitely go back!


text:
Narragansett, RI -- March 6, 2000 -- The URI Friends of Oceanography
at the Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO) will host a land-based seal-watching
field trip that will allow participants to observe the returning harbor
seals from a non-intrusive vantage point.
The public is invited to join URI Outreach Scientist Cheryl Schroeder
for a rigorous 6-mile round-trip hike from Boston Neck Road to the seal
viewing site at spectacular Rome Point in North Kingston. The field trip
will take place on Monday, March 20, at 12:30 p.m. Schroeder, a student
at GSO, is conducting her graduate research on the harbor seals of Narragansett
Bay under the guidance of Dr. Robert Kenney, a well-known expert in the
field of marine mammals.
Participants should bring binoculars or spotting scopes and dress for
the cold weather and wet trails.
The field trip is free and open to the public, but preregistration is
required. For information or registration, call Friends of Oceanography
at 874-6602.
Established in 1985 to support and promote the activities of the URI
Graduate School of Oceanography, Friends of Oceanography informs and educates
the membership and the general public about the scientific, technological,
and environmental research that takes place at GSO. The organization sponsors
public lectures, open houses, marine-related mini-courses, and field trips.
Friends also holds annual fundraising auction to support fellowships for
GSO students. For information about Friends of Oceanography, call 874-6602.
Visit the URI Graduate School of Oceanography website:
Contact: Lisa Cugini, 874-6642, firstname.lastname@example.com
Copyright © 1999
University of Rhode Island
more information about this site, contact email@example.com
File last updated: Saturday, February 24, 2001
The University is an affirmative action/equal opportunity
All rights reserved. URL: http://www.uri.edu/news/


text:
Both Sony and Microsoft are expected to unveil new home gaming consoles at next year's E3 conference, but which one will release a console first? We've heard countless rumors and reports on the issue, but it looks like Sony itself has joined in on the fun now.
According to an anonymous source at VG247, Sony is to release its PlayStation 4 console before the next-generation Xbox is launched, giving the Japanese company an edge. Microsoft had released the Xbox 360 before the PlayStation 3 was available, but Sony supposedly won't let that happen again. The console gaming market has become extremely competitive over the years so releasing a new console first may actually help a company sell much more.
Another interesting tidbit from the report was that the source is claiming developers are already working on games for the next-generation Playstation.
After the embarrassing PlayStation Network attacks and a line of disappointing releases, Sony really needs to impress with the next device. While the Xbox has been flourishing, Sony has been struggling to pull it together over the years. The company knows that the PlayStation 4 can change all of this. But will it have what it takes? Only time will tell…
But, of course, Microsoft definitely won't be sleeping this next year. Despite suffering the "3 rings of death" hardware issues, the XBox 360 still pushed through it and sold stunning numbers. The company knows its gaming market. Both Microsoft and Sony will no doubt release amazing consoles and it'll be interesting to see how the market shifts.
[Via RedMondPie]


text:
Spanish 2006 is a continuation of Spanish 2005. It focuses on higher-level communciation skills that will allow students to meet particular needs related to the world of business and work. These skllls include listening comprehension, speaking, reading and writing. The course will also provide students with valuable awareness of cultural and social practices. Prerequisite: SPAN 2005 and 2000, or equivalent, or permission from the head of the Department. Corequisite Spanish 2001. Open to native and near-native pseakers.
Humans have adapted to living within coastal landscapes for over 100,000 years, and the adaptations to 'living on the edge' influence distinct technologies, subsistence practices, and social structure. The study of coastal sites provides a unique insight into past human-environmental interactions because of the nature of the archaeological deposits, which are usually in the form of shell middens. Shell midden sites can contain several millennia worth of archaeological records, and when analyzed the contents be used to interpret past food procurement strategies, migration, settlement, technological advances and how people responded to short- and long-term environmental changes.
Each week we will have readings, in-class exercises and/or presentations that will help to build a comprehensive understanding of how coastal habitation sites are analyzed and interpreted in archaeological contexts. All of the assignments are designed to build towards the final project and completing each step is fundamental for success in the course.
This course explores the interpretation of unique objects, especially those which have been separated, in some way, from their historical context or archaeological assemblage. Each week, in readings, lectures and discussion, students will take a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding a specific remarkable artifact. Topics include the history of technology, the emergence of art, the invention of tradition and the role of design in industrial societies. Recommended previous course: one of ARCH 1030, FOLK 1000, HIST 1010 or 1011, CLAS 1100 or 1200
In this course we examine the role of art in the expression of religious ideas, beliefs and experience, considering a range of cases from prehistoric rock art to modernist literature. The focus is on literary and visual arts, with briefer study of music, theatre, sacred space, and film. Along with an introduction to the religious contexts of several classic works of art in western culture, the course explores the nature of narrative, imagination, cultural memory, aesthetic and religious experience, concluding with the emergence of art as a substitute for religion in the modern era.
Of all those who traveled from the Old World to the Americas between 1492 and 1820 roughly four out of five were enslaved Africans transported in a vast trade that was both methodical and opportunistic. Once largely ignored by historians as a side story unrelated to larger themes in the emergence of the modern Western world, the largest forced oceanic migration in world history is now understood to be central to most of those developments. We are now in the unexpected position of knowing more about the forced migrations of Africans to the Americas than we do about the experiences and immediate circumstances of the transoceanic passages of the bulk of European indentured servants, youths, convicts and soldiers who crossed the ocean in that period.
This survey course takes a comparative and thematic approach to the study of the transatlantic slave trade and introduces students to the variety of slave societies created in the Americas. Slavery was an international institution and this course necessarily takes a transnational approach to the history of the slave trade as we examine processes of enslavement, commodification, shipboard resistance, sale and adaptation, and the international movement to abolish the slave trade. The lectures will examine the history of the transatlantic slave trade from 1503 to the abolition of the legal slave trade to Brazil in 1851.
The sociological study of animals is an emerging topic and courses in this area are being introduced in sociology departments across Canada and the US. The American Sociological Association has added a section on Animals and Society and on its website explains this addition as reflecting "the increasing popular and scholarly attention being devoted to the relationship between humans and other animals for well over two decades" (http://www2.asanet.org/sectionanimals/Why.html).
This course introduces students to contemporary sociological approaches to and debates in the study of non-human animals. In the course, students will examine the social construction of animals in Western society, with a particular focus on Newfoundland and Labrador. We will explore how animal and human interactions are shaped by larger social, political and economic institutions and how these interactions intersect with systems of oppression and inequality. We will examine the shifting legal status of some animals, and their implications for our understanding of what it means to be human. Topics include animals and violence, our relationship to pets, the construction of "wildlife", the use of animals in science, animals as food in the industrial complex, animals as entertainment, animal welfare and animal rights etc.
Spanish 3502 is a survey course on general characteristics of the short story. Emphasis is on close reading of stories from different geographical areas such as México, Cuba, Argentina, Colombia, and the U.S. Pre-requisite: Spanish 2001 or permission. Learn about the most influential Latin American authors including Gabriel García Márquez, Borges and Isabel Allende. Read and discuss stimulating material and improve your Spanish!
Spanish 2005 is an Intermediate level course that focuses on the development of communication skills to meet particular needs related to the world of business and work. Skills include listening comprehension, speaking, reading and writing. Students will also learn about cultural and social practices.
Prerequisite: Spanish 1001, equivalent, or permission. Co-requisite Spanish 2000. Open to native or near-native Spanish speakers.
This course will test the conventional wisdom that inequality in Canada was reduced in three decades following the Second World War, but has increased over the last 40 years. This perception is largely based on our understanding of socio-economic inequality, but when we explore questions of gender, race and nation the situation is considerably more complex. The course is organized thematically. Each week we will be examining a facet of Canadian life ranging from political economy, immigration policy and the welfare state to housing, clothing and music. Short critical reviews of weekly readings will be due from mid-September to the end of October. By mid-October each person in the class will identify a particular area of Canadian life to explore. Over the rest of the term each person will develop a case study drawn from their area for our public history web-site, http://inequalitygaps.org. A dossier of supporting documentation for these areas is to be ready by mid-November, and then we will design the pages for our site.


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Bell Plantation, PB2, Powdered Peanut Butter with Premium Chocolate, 6.5 oz (184 g)
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4 people found the following review helpful
Posted by chrysalis on Jul 14, 2013
I love regular PB2, so naturally I also love PB2 with chocolate. The hint of chocolate is nice, but I found this to be quite a bit sweeter than normal PB2. I have to say I actually prefer PB2 without chocolate but this is still delicious.
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hmm, sugar
2 people found the following review helpful
Posted by Lilly88888888 on Feb 03, 2013
I don't like that it has sugar in it, but it's good!
Pretty good
Posted by MikeMember on Mar 17, 2013
Convenient and tasty, but doesn't impart much flavor if used in baking.
Muy bueno
Posted by 5616518481407925321 on May 30, 2014
Me quedo con el normal, pero con el toque a chocolate también está muy bien. Diferente y dulce.
1 person found the following review helpful
Posted by 5687966781460552256 on May 09, 2014
If you like peanut butter- don't hesitate to order


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Ideas@The Centre 24 2012Vol. 6 No. 24 (June, 2012) Freedom Quote of the Week
'Without a free press there can be no free society. That is axiomatic. However, freedom of the press is not an end in itself but a means to the end of a free society. The scope and nature of the constitutional guarantee of the freedom of the press are to be viewed and applied in that light.'
— Felix Frankfurter
A penny for their thoughts?
22 Jun 2012|
The traditional role of journalists as intermediaries and interpreters of information has been greatly diminished by the same forces that have undermined the old media business models.
A watchful eye on workplace flexibility
22 Jun 2012|
HR Nicholls Society's annual conference in Melbourne this year provided a timely analysis of the workplace issues arising from the introduction of the Fair Work Act.
Mutual obligation as human rights abuse
22 Jun 2012|
The Australian Council of Social Service's letter about the serious breach of international human rights laws here in Australia is misplaced.


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TNS Research International Taiwan website
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At TNS, our qualitative experts have been listening to more people in more countries for longer than any other company, so we know the world of consumer better than anyone.
TNS leverages best-in-class qualitative solutions to address the broad spectrum of our clients' business needs, including those related to innovation, brand & communication, retail & shopper and stakeholder management.
Our experience in the early stages of innovation is considerable, drawing on our three leading qualitative solutions which are an integral part of our Innovation Journey:
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Embodiments of an ontological determination method for use in natural language processing applications are described. In one embodiment, shallow lexico-syntactic patterns are applied to identify relations by extracting term features to distinguish relation terms from non-relation terms, identifying coordinate relations for every adjacent terms; identifying short-distance ontological (e.g., hypernym or part-whole relations) for other adjacent terms based on term features and lexico-syntactic patterns; and then inferring long-distance hypernym and part-whole relations based on the identified coordinate relations and the short-distance relations.
1. A computer-implemented method of learning ontological relations in a document stored in a computer memory, the method executed in a processor-based platform and comprising:
extracting terms from noun-phrases in the document, wherein the terms are included in word sequences comprising the noun-phrases;
generating short-distance patterns for both coordinate terms and ontological relations in the document, wherein short-distance patterns comprise terms separated by at most one additional term, and the coordinate terms comprise terms that share the same hypernym/holonym parent;
generalizing the short-distance patterns for both the coordinate terms and the ontological relations;
identifying short-distance coordinate relations and ontological relations by grouping the short-distance patterns by verbs or prepositions, extracting the longest common substring within each group of pattern strings, and deriving generalized patterns for every verb or preposition; respectively from the generalized short-distance coordinate terms and short-distance ontological relations; and
deriving long-distance ontological relations from the identified short-distance coordinate relations and ontological relations, wherein the long-distance ontological relations comprise ontological relations between terms separated by at least two additional terms.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. An apparatus, comprising:
an input stage for inputting noun phrase portions of sentences in the document;
a database functionally coupled to the input stage and configured to store a knowledge base including words from the document; and
an ontological learning component coupled to the input stage, and including
a first processor identifying relations by extracting terms from the noun phrase portions to distinguish relation terms from non-relation terms,
a second processor identifying coordinate relations for every pair of adjacent terms,
a third processor identifying short-distance ontological relations for other adjacent terms based on term features and lexico-syntactic patterns, and inferring long-distance ontological relations based on the identified coordinate relations and the short-distance relations, wherein short-distance ontological relations comprise ontological relations between adjacent terms separated by at most one intermediate term, and the long-distance ontological relations comprise ontological relations between terms separated by at least two additional terms, and further wherein the coordinate terms comprise terms that share the same hypernym/holonym parent, the third processor further generalizing the short-distance pattern for both the coordinate terms and the ontological relations by grouping the short-distance patterns by verbs or prepositions, extracting the longest common substring within each group of pattern strings, and deriving generalized patterns for every verb or preposition.
8. The apparatus of
9. The apparatus of
10. The apparatus of
11. The apparatus of
12. The apparatus of
13. The method of
Embodiments of the invention relate generally to natural language processing, and more specifically to learning ontological relations from documents.
Natural language processing (NLP) systems attempt to reproduce human interpretation of language. NLP methods assume that the patterns in grammar and the conceptual relationships between words can be articulated scientifically. NLP systems require the determination of ontological relations among words or terms in a document. With respect to NLP systems, ontology refers to the explicit specification of the representation of objects in a phrase, and the relationships between them. In general, ontological relations comprise such relations as hypernym and meronym relations between two terms. Ontological relations are very important for natural language processing (NLP) applications such as question answering, information retrieval, dialogue systems, semantic inference, machine translation and other similar applications.
Traditionally, prior art methods to obtain lexico-syntactic patterns in spoken utterances apply open-domain syntactic analysis techniques. This method, however, does not work for manual data, such as documents or written text data with specific types of data content that have set relationships. Prior studies have pointed out that a set of lexico-syntactic patterns indicate hypernym relations between noun phrases (NP). Examples of such patterns are: "such NP as {NP,}* {(or|and)} NP" and "NP {,} including {NP,}* {(or|and)} NP". Such an approach may be able to successfully extract hypernym relations, but it generally cannot extract part-whole relations because of the ambiguous meronymic context (e.g. cat's paw and cat's dinner).
Other methods have used hypernym relations as semantic constrains to extract part-whole relations. Such techniques have generally achieved some level of success with respect to precision and recall, but only for the following three types of patterns: "Y verb X," "Y's X" and "X of Y," where X and Y are nouns. Another prior art method has combined coordinate term identification and dependency path methods to automatically find hypernym relations in large documents, such as a large news corpus. A sample dependency path, "N:PCOMP-N:PREP, such as, PREP:MOD:N" in this technique is equivalent to the pattern "NPY such as NPX" in other methods. These dependency paths resemble lexico-syntactic patterns but cover long-distance dependencies.
These present prior art ideas share the same limitation of only using complete lexico-syntactic patterns. They do not use partial or generalized patterns, as well as complete patterns. Furthermore, these prior art technologies are generally used in data sources such as news and encyclopedia sources where there is no known set of terms. They do not generally make use of the terms available in certain documents, such as manuals.
In general, present ontological determination systems do not attempt to identify both hypernym and part-whole relations from documents or any type of manual text. In addition, toolkits (e.g., part-of-speech taggers and parsers) and resources used in these systems are not targeted at manual data.
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements and in which:
Embodiments of an ontological determination method for use in natural language systems are described. These methods learn ontological relations (e.g., hypernym and part-whole relations) from manual data using lexico-syntactic patterns. In one embodiment, shallow lexico-syntactic patterns are applied to identify relations by extracting term features to distinguish relation terms from non-relation terms, identifying coordinate relations for every adjacent terms; identifying short-distance ontological (e.g., hypernym or part-whole relations) for other adjacent terms based on term features and lexico-syntactic patterns; and then inferring long-distance hypernym and part-whole relations based on the identified coordinate relations and the short-distance relations.
In an embodiment, ontological relations in a noun-phrase utterance are extracted by using the term features and shallow/generalized lexico-syntactic patterns. The particular application involving those features and patterns is the identification of coordinate relations and hypernym/part-whole relations. Domain-specific hypernym and part-whole relations are essential in building domain ontologies. Accurately identifying hypernym and part-whole relations is a time consuming task. Embodiments can be used to automatically identify domain-specific hypernym and part-whole relations.
In the following description, numerous specific details are introduced to provide a thorough understanding of, and enabling description for, embodiments of the ontological relation determination method. One skilled in the relevant art, however, will recognize that these embodiments can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other components, systems, etc. In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not shown, or are not described in detail, to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosed embodiments.
The dialog system 108 that makes use of the knowledge base 106 generated by the ontological learning component 104 can be any type of dialog system or similar application, such as a reasoning system, a question and answer system, machine translation, or similar system.
System 100 can be implemented in a distributed computing system comprising a number of computers or workstations coupled together over a network. Alternatively, the functional blocks of system 100 can be implemented in a single computer that represents a unitary dialog system, or in any type of device, such as appliances, machinery, and other type of computer-controlled or automated apparatus.
Embodiments of the natural language processing system 100, utilize Conditional Maximum Entropy (CME) modeling, which provides the ability to incorporate a variety of features in a uniform framework. The main tasks in CME modeling include feature generation, feature selection, which chooses from a feature space a subset of good features to be included in the model, and a parameter estimation process that estimates the weighting factors for each selected feature in the exponential model. Besides maximum entropy techniques, other types of statistical classification techniques can also be used.
The natural language processing system 100 takes as input the manual data (e.g., text) 102 and identifies certain terms within the text through dialog system 108. In one embodiment, the ontological determination component 104 assumes that candidate terms for recognition by the dialog system are noun phrases in the manual text 102. The base noun phrases (NP) are all generally simple and non-recursive noun phrases. Each NP can comprise domain terms and domain-related terms. A domain term is a concrete concept that represents an object, like a special device (e.g., a Sharp™ PDA), a device item (e.g. button, cable, etc.), or an item related to an aspect of a device (e.g., a device interface item, like a menu, etc.), and can contain multiple words. A domain-related term is a concrete concept that represents a general device (e.g. computer), that is not a specific domain-specific item (e.g., a particular computing device). A domain-related term can also contain multiple words.
The ontological learning component 104 in
Term features could be a word or a word sequence or pattern in a domain. Term features are usually two set of words in which one set of words occurs more often in relation terms and seldom in non-relation terms, while the other set of words occurs more often in non-relation terms and seldom in relation terms. Relation terms are those terms involved in at least one relation. Non-relation terms are those terms that have never been involved in any relation. A lexico-syntactic pattern consists of term features of two target terms and word strings between the two target terms. A generalized pattern is the maximum common sub-string from a set of patterns with the same verb.
The ontological relations between terms could also comprise other types of relations, such as synonym, which is a word with the same meaning as another word (e.g. "shut" is a synonym of "closed"); antonym, which is a word that means the opposite of another word (e.g. "wet" is a antonym of "dry"); coordinate terms, which are nouns or verbs that have the same hypernym; entailment terms, in which a verb X entails Y if X cannot be done unless Y is, or has been, done (e.g., "cure" entails "treat"); troponym, which is a verb expressing a specific manner of doing something (e.g., "march" is a troponym of "walk"); and causal relations in which one thing causes another thing to happen or exist (e.g., "displace" cause "move"). Besides these examples, other ontological relations known in the art, or developed for specific applications, could also be used.
Two terms that share the same hypernym/holonym parent semantically are coordinate terms. Syntactically, for a pattern such as "A includes X and Y", X and Y are coordinate terms.
In block 302, the ontological learning process receives all sentences in the input document with base NP chunks. The term features in the noun phrases are then extracted to distinguish the domain terms, block 304. The term features are used distinguish domain and non-domain related terms. In block 306, the process generates sentences labeled with NP chunks and term features. The ontological learning process proceeds in two parallel paths, one for coordinate terms, and the other for ontological relations. Thus, in block 307, the process differentiates the processing path for these two types of characteristics. Each processing path then operates on short-distant patterns to increase reliability. In general, it is not possible or highly impractical to enumerate all possible patterns. Thus, the process splits the patterns into smaller units that are short-distance patterns. Such patterns represent a kind of "back-off" condition.
In block 308, the short-distance pattern is generated for coordinate terms. This comprises essentially the pure extraction of certain patterns. The short-distance patterns are then generalized for the coordinate terms, block 310. Certain patterns may share a certain element (e.g., verb) in common. The generalization step identifies the patterns that share common elements and hooks onto these common patterns and ignores the patterns that are different. This results in short-distance pattern generalization. In block 312, the short-distance coordinate terms are identified based on the original and generalized patterns. In one embodiment, a Maximum Entropy classification is used to determine whether two terms are coordinate or not in a binary decision. The short-distance coordinate relations are then generated, block 314. This processing path finds the commonalities that provide some measure of back-off if an exact match of the two patterns does not occur, thus allowing the identification of one pattern as a more general version of the other. The use of statistical modeling eliminates the need to exactly match every pattern, but instead allows a weighting formula to be used to obtain a relatively accurate indication of pattern relationships.
An analogous path is performed for the ontological relations. Thus, in block 309, the short-distance pattern is generated for the ontological relations. The short-distance patterns are then generalized for the ontological relations, block 311. In block 313, the short-distance ontological relations are identified based on the original and generalized patterns. The short-distance ontological relations are then generated, block 315. These short-distance coordinate term and ontological relation processing streams could be executed in parallel or sequentially depending upon the processing implementation.
The short-distance coordinate terms generated in processing blocks 308, 310, 312 and 314, and the short-distance ontological relation generated in processing blocks 309, 311, 313, and 315 are used together to identify the long-distance ontological relations, as shown in block 316. The ontological relations are then derived, as shown in block 318.
As shown in
For example, there may be three patterns that contain the verb "include" in the input pattern list, i.e., "X includes Y", "X includes not only Y," and "X includes NP, Y." The "NP" in the last pattern could be "sharp components" in a specific case. After generalization, the longest common pattern string (except X and Y in the string) is "include". Therefore, the output pattern of the "include" group is "X includes * Y", where "*" is a wild character. This represents the generalized pattern. In the above cases, the wildcard corresponds to null, "not only," and the NP.
As shown in block 316 of
As an example of the process illustrated in
Embodiments of the described method learn ontological relations (e.g., hypernym and part-whole relations) from manual data using lexico-syntactic patterns. These embodiments for use in a natural language processing system, as described herein can be used in various different applications, industries or industry segments, such as computing devices, industrial equipment, automobiles, airplanes, hand-held devices, cell-phones, and the like. One embodiment of such a system may be a dialog system that can be speech-based with user input and system output provided as spoken language, or it can be text-based with alphanumeric text input and output through a computing device or similar interface device.
The described methods can be used in a particular learning method, such as the maximum entropy framework, or they can be used in other learning methods. Aspects of the ontology learning method described herein may be implemented as functionality programmed into any of a variety of circuitry, including programmable logic devices ("PLDs"), such as field programmable gate arrays ("FPGAs"), programmable array logic ("PAL") devices, electrically programmable logic and memory devices and standard cell-based devices, as well as application specific integrated circuits. Some other possibilities for implementing aspects include: microcontrollers with memory (such as EEPROM), embedded microprocessors, firmware, software, etc. Furthermore, aspects of the ontology learning method may be embodied in microprocessors having software-based circuit emulation, discrete logic (sequential and combinatorial), custom devices, fuzzy (neural) logic, quantum devices, and hybrids of any of the above device types. The underlying device technologies may be provided in a variety of component types, e.g., metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor ("MOSFET") technologies like complementary metal-oxide semiconductor ("CMOS"), bipolar technologies like emitter-coupled logic ("ECL"), polymer technologies (e.g., silicon-conjugated polymer and metal-conjugated polymer-metal structures), mixed analog and digital, and so on. It should also be noted that the various functions disclosed herein may be described using any number of combinations of hardware, firmware, and/or as data and/or instructions embodied in various machine-readable or computer-readable media, in terms of their behavioral, register transfer, logic component, and/or other characteristics. Computer-readable media in which such formatted data and/or instructions may be embodied include, but are not limited to, non-volatile storage media in various forms (e.g., optical, magnetic or semiconductor storage media) and carrier waves that may be used to transfer such formatted data and/or instructions through wireless, optical, or wired signaling media or any combination thereof. Examples of transfers of such formatted data and/or instructions by carrier waves include, but are not limited to, transfers (uploads, downloads, e-mail, etc.) over the Internet and/or other computer networks via one or more data transfer protocols (e.g., HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and so on).
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise," "comprising," and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in a sense of "including, but not limited to." Words using the singular or plural number also include the plural or singular number respectively. Additionally, the words "herein," "hereunder," "above," "below," and words of similar import refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portions of this application. When the word "or" is used in reference to a list of two or more items, that word covers all of the following interpretations of the word: any of the items in the list, all of the items in the list and any combination of the items in the list.
The above description of illustrated embodiments of the ontology learning method is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise form or instructions disclosed. While specific embodiments of, and examples for, processes in dialog systems or other human-machine interaction systems, or machine learning systems are described herein for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the disclosed methods and structures, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize.
The elements and acts of the various embodiments described above can be combined to provide further embodiments. These and other changes can be made to the ontology learning method in light of the above detailed description.
In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to limit the disclosed method to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all operations or processes that operate under the claims. Accordingly, the disclosed structures and methods are not limited by the disclosure, but instead the scope of the recited method is to be determined entirely by the claims.
While certain aspects of the ontology learning method are presented below in certain claim forms, the inventors contemplate the various aspects of the methodology in any number of claim forms. For example, while only one aspect may be recited as embodied in machine-readable medium, other aspects may likewise be embodied in machine-readable medium. Accordingly, the inventors reserve the right to add additional claims after filing the application to pursue such additional claim forms for other aspects.
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