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Shen (clam-monster)
|Look up 蜃 in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
In Chinese mythology, the shen or chen (Chinese: 蜃; pinyin: shèn or chèn; Wade–Giles: shen or ch'en; literally: "large clam") is a shapeshifting dragon or sea monster believed to create mirages.
Chinese classic texts use the word shen to mean "a large shellfish" that was associated with funerals and "an aquatic monster" that could change its shape, which was later associated with "mirages".
Large shellfish[edit]
The word used to mean a shellfish, or mollusk, identified as an oyster, mussel, or giant clam such as the Pearl of Lao Tzu. While early Chinese dictionaries treat shen as a general term for "mollusca", the Erya defines it as a large yao (珧) which means shellfish, clam, scallop, or mother-of-pearl. According to Shuowen Jiezi, an early 2nd century CE Chinese dictionary of the Han Dynasty defines it a large ge (蛤), meaning clam, oyster, shellfish, or bivalve.
Chinese classics variously record that shen was salted as a food (in Zuozhuan), named a "lacquered wine barrel" used in sacrifices to earth spirits (in Zhouli), and its shells were used to make hoes (in Huainanzi) and receptacles (in Zhuangzi). They also record two shen-compounds related with funerals: shenche (蜃車, with cart or carriage) "hearse" (Zhouli, Guo Pu's commentary notes shen means large shell-like wheel rims) and shentan 蜃炭 (with "charcoal") "oyster-lime; white clay", which was especially used as mortar for mausoleum walls (Zuozhuan, Zhouli).
Wolfram Eberhard (1968:292) describes the shen mussel as "a strange animal", and mentions the Zhouli's Zhangshen 掌蜃 "Manager of Shen", who was a special government official in charge of acquiring them for royal sacrifices and funerals. "It is not clear why these mussels were placed into the tombs," he admits, possibly either as a sacrifice to the earth god (compare shen 脤 below) or "the shell lime was used simply for a purifying and protective effect."
Edward H. Schafer, who aptly translates shen or chen as "clam-monster", traces its linguistic evolution from originally designating a "large bivalve mollusc",
Beginning as an unassuming marine invertebrate, the ch'en was later imagined as a gaping, pearl-producing clam, possibly to be identified with the giant clams of tropical seas, for instance Tridacna. Finally, by early medieval times, it had become a monster lurking in submarine grottoes, and was sometimes endowed with the attributes of a dragon – or, more likely, under influence, a nāga. It expressed its artistic nature by belching up bubbles and frothy clots. These foamy structures were sometimes worked into buildings. …The plastic exhalations of the clam-monster sometimes burst the film of surface tension and appeared to astonished mariners as stunning mansions adrift on the surface of the deep. (1989:395)
Aquatic dragon[edit]
Second, shen 蜃 meant the "clam-monster" that miraculously transformed shapes. The Shuowen jiezi defines ge 蛤 (using a graphic variant with the he 合 phonetic above the radical) as the "category of shen", which includes three creatures that transform within the sea. A que 雀 "sparrow" transforms into a ge 蛤, or muli 牡厲 "oyster" in Qin dialect, after 1000 (commentators say 10) years; a yan 燕 "swallow" transforms into a haige 海蛤 (with "sea") after 100 years; and a fulei 復絫, or fuyi 服翼 "bat", transforms into a kuige 魁蛤 (with "eminent") after it gets old. These kinds of legendary animal "transformations" – hua 化 "transform, change, convert, turn into; metamorphose; take the form of" (see the Huashu) – are a common theme in Chinese folklore, particularly for dragons like the shen. The "dragon's transformations are unlimited", writes Visser (1913:126), and "it is no wonder that Chinese literature abounds with stories about dragons which had assumed the shape of men, animals, or objects.
The Yueling 月令 "Monthly Commands" chapter of the Liji (6, tr. Legge 1885 I:292, 297) lists sparrows and pheasants transforming into shellfish during the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar. In (Shuangjiang) the last month of autumn, "[jue 爵, a phonetic loan character for que 雀 "sparrow"] Small birds enter the great water and become [ge 蛤] mollusks", and in (Lidong) the first month of winter, "[zhi 雉 "pheasant"] Pheasants enter the great water and become [shen 蜃] large mollusks." While many other classical texts (e.g., Lüshi Chunqiu, Yi Zhoushu, Huainanzi) repeat this seasonal legend about pheasants that transform in dashui 大水 "great (bodies of) water; flood", the Da Dai Liji and Guoyu say they transform in the huai 淮 "Huai River." According to Chinese folklore (Visser 1913:69) swallows are a favorite food of both Chinese long 龍 and shen 蜃 dragons. Read (1934:301) explains, "Hence if people eat swallow's flesh they should not go out and cross a river (dragons will eat them if they do)."
Eberhard (1968:293) equates the shen 蜃 with the jiaolong 蛟龍 "flood dragon; crocodile" and compares tales of both these dragons attacking cattle in rivers. The 1596 CE Bencao gangmu Chinese materia medica describes the shen or chen 蜃 under the jiaolong entry, with quotes from the Yueling and Lu Dian's Piya.
A kind of crocodile shaped like a huge serpent. Horned like a dragon, with a red mane. Below the middle of the back it has scales inversely arranged. It lives on swallows. It spurts forth clouds of vapour in huge rings. It appears when it is going to rain. The fat and wax is made into candles which have a fragrant smoke noticeable 100 steps away, and ascend in layers in the air. The Yueh-Ling says the pheasant metamorphoses into a Ch'un [sic] when it enters the water. Lu Tien says that serpents and tortoises together produce tortoises but cohabitation of tortoises and pheasants produce Ch'un, although they are different animals they are moved by the same influences. Other records refer to its relationship to the clam. (43/5, Read 1934:315, cf. Visser 1913:76)
The shape-changing shen is believed to cause a mirage or Fata Morgana. Shen- synonyms meaning "mirage" include shenlou 蜃樓 (with "multi-storied building", Schafer's 1989:396 "clam castle" or "high house of the clam-monsters"), shenqi 蜃氣 (with qi "breath; pneuma"), shenqilou 蜃氣樓, haishishenlou 海市蜃樓 (with "sea city/market"), and shenjing 蜃景 (with "scenery"). In Japanese vocabulary, shinkirō 蜃気楼 is the usual word for "mirage". Compare the association between the long 龍 "dragon" and "waterspouts", evident in words like longjuan 龍卷 (lit. "dragon roll") "waterspout" and longjuanfeng 龍卷風 ("dragon roll wind") "cyclone; tornado" (Visser 1913:220-224).
Most Chinese characters are written with a "phonetic" element that roughly indicates pronunciation with a "radical" or "signific" that suggests semantic field. Shen's standard 蜃 and antiquated 蜄 characters combine the chen 辰 "Dragon (zodiac), duodecimal 5th of the 12 Earthly Branches; period from 7-9 AM; time period; occasion; star; celestial body" phonetic with the chong 虫 "insect; reptile" radical.
A variety of other characters utilize this phonetic chen 辰 "5th; dragon", which the Wenlin says "may have depicted an ancient kind of hoe" in ancient oracle bone script (cf. nou 耨 "hoe; rake"). Some etymologically significant examples include:
- chen 晨 (with 日 "sun") "dragon star"
- zhen 震 (with 雨 "rain") "thunder; quake" (also a bagua trigram ☳ "The Arousing")
- zhen 振 (with 扌"hand") "shake; stimulate"
- zhen 娠 (with "woman") "pregnant"
- shen 脤 (with 肉 "meat") "sacrificial meat"
This chen 晨 or chenxing 辰星 "dragon star" is an asterism in the traditional Chinese constellations, a morning star within the Azure Dragon that is associated with east and spring. Specifically, the "dragon star" is in the 5th and 6th lunar Twenty-eight mansions, with its xin 心 "Heart" and wei 尾 "Tail" corresponding to the Western constellations of Antares and Scorpius.
Carr (1990:144-145) etymologically hypothesizes that the chen < *dyən 辰 phonetic series (using Bernhard Karlgren's Old Chinese reconstructions) split between *dyən "dragon" and *tyən "thunder". The former words include aquatic shen < *dyən 蜃 "large shellfish; sea dragon", celestial chen < *dyən 晨 "dragon star", and possibly through dragon-emperor association, chen < *dyən 宸 "imperial palace; mansion". The latter ones, reflecting the belief that dragons cause rainfall and thunder, include zhen < *tyən 震 "thunder; shake", zhen < *tyən 振 "shake; scare", and ting < *d'ieng 霆 "thunderbolt".
Schuessler (2007:184, 459, 611) provides more refined reconstructions and etymologies:
- shen < *dəns 蜃 "'Clam, oyster' … 'some kind of dragon'."
- chen < *dən 辰 "The 5th of the Earthly branches, identified with the dragon … cf. 蜃 'some kind of dragon'", which might be an Austroasiatic loan from Vietnamese trăn or Mon klan "python".
- chen < *dən 晨 or 辰 "Time when life begins to stir: (1) 'early morning' … (2) "start of growing/agricultural season in the 3rd month; heavenly bodies that mark that time' … 'heavenly body', 'time'."
- zhen < *təns 振 or 震 "('To stir, be stirring':) 'to shake, rouse, quake' … 'to alarm, fear', 'scared', 'thunder', 'move'".
- zhen < təns 娠 "'Pregnant', 'become pregnant' … is derived from 'to shake, rouse, excite' (e.g., a grasshopper from hibernation, i.e., coming to life), hence lit. 'start stirring, moving' (of an embryo)."
Modern times[edit]
In the present day, the mythical shen "clam-monster" is best known through the everyday words for "mirage; illusion", typically Chinese haishishenlou 海市蜃樓, Korean shingiru 신기루 蜃氣樓, and Japanese shinkirō 蜃気楼.
One is used by the Second Mizukage in the manga series Naruto.
- Carr, Michael. 1990. "Chinese Dragon Names", Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 13.2:87-189.
- Eberhard, Wolfram. 1968. The Local Cultures of South and East China. E. J. Brill.
- Legge, James, tr. 1885. The Li Ki, 2 vols. Oxford University Press. ISBN 1-4191-6922-X
- Read, Bernard E. 1934. "Chinese Materia Medica VII; Dragons and Snakes" Peking Natural History Bulletin 8.4:279-362.
- Schafer 1989. "Fusang and Beyond: The Haunted Seas to Japan," Journal of the American Oriental Society 109.3:379-400.
- Schuessler, Axel. 2007. ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-2975-1
- Visser, Marinus Willern de. 1913. The Dragon in China and Japan. J. Müller.


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new to networking on macs
Not sure if this is the right forum for this or not but here is my issue. I am pretty new to macs. I purchased a macbook about a year ago but really just started using it a few months ago. I also purchased a mac mini and use it as a media pc on my TV using itunes and front row. Now I can access my library using my macbook thru the itunes sharing and thats all fine and good but I wanna also access shared drives. Being an old windows guy I knew how to set up networks and everything but I am having issues now with the macs. I wanna share the 2 external usb drives on my mac mini over the network so I can access them with my macbook and my windows pc. I have tiger 10.4.10 on both macs and windows xp pro on the PC (I will upgrade to vista one of these days but I hardly use it anymore). I also want to share the printer that is on the windows computer on both of the macs. So I guess the question is how do I set this all up? I am sure its really simple to do and being a switcher I have over thunk everything I tried to do on the macs and realized later how much easier they are to do on the macs. Thanks in advance for your help.
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A St. Albans couple has been arrested on charges relating to methamphetamine and exposing children to the drug, said Capt. Sean Crosier of the Kanawha County Sheriff's Office.
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text: I did a search to see if Tijuana has come up in any threads and they were all pretty old, so hopefully this is ok to start. I have heard for some time the rumors about a Mexican 1st division team in Tijuana and now with the Mexico U-23 game today, and the stadium construction/expansion well underway it seems that there will be a decent facility now in the city for a future team to play in. So it's seems to me like it's becoming a more realistic possibility. Here in San Diego we got an newspaper article about today's game and Tijuana's chances for getting a team. I am very interested and curious because I live nearby and would love to have a 'local' team to be a fan of since MLS will probably never happen in San Diego. I don't know that much about the Mexican league. So here are some questions, that I hope you will have some insights to: 1 - So I want to know, if there is substance to the rumors or it's huffed-up big talkin' from the Caliente people. 2 - Would they have to be promoted or can they do one of those franchise switch-a-roos that seem to happen every so often in Mexico, or would the league expand back to 20? Because the article says they aren't at the top of Primera A right now. 3 - would the team be well-supported locally -or- are the Tijuanans who like soccer already ingrained as fans of the most popular clubs (Chivas, America, Pumas, Cruz AzuL)?----would the tickets sales primarily go to people who live in the TJ/SD region who are coming to root for the opposing team (like is the case when the Steelers or Packers come to play the San Diego Chargers). 4 - what are the typical prices for game tickets in the Mexican league (will they be inflated prices in Tijuana since they are so close to San Diego?) I eagerly await your answers


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Cassini Weekly Significant Events for 11/08/01 - 11/14/01
The most recent spacecraft telemetry was acquired from the Goldstone tracking station on Wednesday, November 14. The Cassini spacecraft is in an excellent state of health and is operating normally. Information on the spacecraft's position and speed can be viewed on the "Present Position" web page, http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/cassini/english/where/.
Recent instrument activities include two Radio and Plasma Wave Science High Frequency Receiver calibrations, the conclusion of the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) radiator test, VIMS set to sleep mode, and the Ka-Band Exciter and Ka-Band Traveling Wave Tube Amplifier powered off. Engineering activities taking place onboard the spacecraft this week include an autonomous Command & Data Subsystem Solid State Recorder Memory Load Partition Repair, a transition from Reaction Wheel Assembly (RWA) to Reaction Control Subsystem control and an RWA unload. A minisequence was uplinked in preparation for the upcoming, four-day Probe Relay test.
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The first delivery of products to the Icy Satellite Science and Uplink Verification activity occurred this week. These products will be merged and delivered to the Attitude Control Subsystem team for detailed analysis with the Kinematic Prediction Tool/ Inertial Vector Propagator software.
Imaging Science Subsystem anomaly investigation continued with complete documentation of the C28 results being sent to the JPL Observational Systems Division contamination engineers.
The delivery schedule for the Mission Sequence Subsystem D 8.0 delivery has been reassessed due to complications with some telemetry commands. The planned delivery has been slipped out just over a week, but there is potential to regain the original date as a result of reduced dependency on other software deliveries.
Cassini is a cooperative project of NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, Calif., manages the Cassini mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C.
Cassini Outreach
Cassini Mission to Saturn and Titan
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
National Aeronautics and Space Administration


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Trouble shooting Gmail sign in problems!
Though the Gmail is one of the best webmail service and is being provided by Google Inc who owns thousands of servers, there are still have some chances that Gmail account users may face some login problems. It is really annoying when we need to check some important mail and Gmail does not opens up and keep displaying 'Loading…..' massage. This kind of problems are rare with Gmail but it worth to know some solution for it. if you are facing same problem follow the below steps which may help you to get rid of login Gmail sign in problems.
1. First things we need to perform is to clear the our browser cache and temporary files that computer save from internet, also dont forget to clear the cookies. This task many time gives the results; but Gmail will ask you to login again.
2. Most common practice is to manually type Gmail url in browser to open it. Most of the time people uses http://gmail.com; instead of this try opening http://mail.google.com/mail which is the secure url and may help to load faster.
3.There are some keybord short cuts that can be used to get fast results, press Ctrl+F5 when the Gmail loading massage appears. This trick may help to load inbox quickly.
4. Use Gmail support page to trouble shoot your problems.
5. If Nothing helps try to change browser and claer cache of new browser prior to opening Gmail. (I recommand Chrome to sign in Gmail as chrome is build by Google itself)
6. Finally try to open m.gmail.com which is a simple html Gmail site build for mobile devices and may work fine.
Hope this few simple thing might help to them who is not able to login to Gmail. I cant resist to share a youtube video that I found very funny but useful to share here though it is a bit irrelevant to this topic.
Fun with Gmail!


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From "Diffusion of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1991-1995" Effective Clinical Practice, March/April 1999. 2:49-55.
Figure 1. Rates of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy by year in the Veterans Affairs system. The increase in the rate for all cholecystectomies is significant over time (P<0.001 by the chi-square test for linear trend)>


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The self-proclaimed place to "who dat" since 2005, Interference has a little something for everyone, with a customer base to match. Along with eight televisions, a 10-foot projection screen, the usual sports bar staples — pool, darts, trivia and touchscreen games, beer pong, casual eats, lots of neon signage — this north shore hub boasts shuffleboard and a healthy happy hour. Live music and comedy nights fill out the offseason calendar.
Tip: It's hard not to take advantage of the bar's many happy hours: $2 domestic beers, $3 imports from noon to 6 p.m. daily, and a late-night version from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m. Sunday through Thursday offering $1 Miller High Lifes, $2 domestics and 2-for-1 wells.
Location: 2213 Florida St., Mandeville, 985.674.1655.
Open: Daily. Parking: Lot.
Prices: Beer: $3-up, wine: $4.75-up, cocktails: $3.75-up.
Crowd: Blue- and white-collar alike, service industry folk, sports fans and LSU loyal, twentysomethings out to party and others line the lengthy bar.
Smoking: Unknown. Live music: Unknown.
See also: North shore bars, New Orleans sports bars, cheap drinks in New Orleans,


text:
EvolloveHearts Afire Mini Brief
Perfectly pretty, the Evollov Hearts Afire Mini Brief is styled with semi-sheer spot mesh at the sides and a striped bow at the centre. An ideal choice for everyday wear, this feminine brief offers a comfortable and flattering fit.
Product code: EVO-L30-0023
Need some help?
Call 1-866-751-2589 or chat to an advisor onlineCHAT NOW


text:
Release Notes for MoSync SDK 3.3
Try out the MoSync SDK, right away! The following guides show you how to get started to create native apps that can be deployed to the App Stores.
If you are a C/C++ developer, get started with:
Creating Your First C/C++ App
If you are a JavaScript/HTML5 developer, get going with:
Creating Your First JavaScript App
The MoSync IDE has advanced JavaScript debugging capabilities, giving the SDK some of the "quick turn-around" features of MoSync Reload. Find out more in the guide Debugging JavaScript in the MoSync SDK.
If you are using the MoSync Wormhole JavaScript library, have projects created with a previous version of the SDK, make sure to update your projects. Specifically, you need to update the file wormhole.js to the latest version. Please read the Wormhole Upgrade Guide for further details.


text:
A novel two-piece wound dressing, providing protection during dressing changes to the delicate healing skin directly surrounding the wound, is provided according to the present invention. The dressing comprises a baseplate having an adhesive surface for contacting surrounding skin, and has an aperture extending completely through it over which a wound pad of a desired wound dressing material can be placed. Means are also provided for attaching the wound pad to the baseplate.
1. A wound dressing system for use in the care of a wound and the surrounding area comprising
a substantially flat, pliable baseplate comprising a first major surface being a first adhesive surface capable of maintaining said dressing in contact with a wound wherein said first adhesive surface comprises a fluid interactive adhesive comprising hydrocolloids dispersed in a polymer matrix and further comprising 2 to 20 percent by weight of zinc oxide site; and, a second major surface being a first backing layer, opposed to said first major surface, and to which a wound pad can be releaseably contacted; further wherein said baseplate includes an aperture extending therethrough from said first major surface to said second major surface, which aperture corresponds substantially in shape and size to said wound;
a wound pad comprising a dressing element of a material capable of accommodating exudate emitted from said wound and promoting healing of said wound, bonded to a second backing layer overlying said dressing element, wherein a surface of said dressing element which is to contact the wound is at least of the same dimensions as said wound, and which is positioned over said aperture such that said dressing element substantially covers said wound; and,
releaseable adhesive means for holding said wound pad to said baseplate and thereby over said wound.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein said second backing layer on said wound pad is larger than the dimensions of said aperture and further wherein said releaseable adhesive means for holding said wound pad in place comprises a second adhesive layer of a releaseable adhesive material on that portion of said second backing layer which overlaps said aperture to provide releaseable adhesion of said wound pad to said baseplate.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein said second adhesive layer is also resealable to the first backing layer of the baseplate.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein said first adhesive layer comprises 5 to 30 percent by weight of one or more polyisobutylenes or a blend of one or more polyisobutylenes and butyl rubber, 3 to 20 percent by weight of one or more styrene radial or block type copolymers, 8 to 40 percent by weight of mineral oil, 15 to 65 percent by weight of one or more water soluble hydrocolloid gums, up to 15 percent by weight of one or more water swellable cohesive strengthening agents provided that the hydrocolloid gums and strengthening agents together are present in an amount of between about 15 and 65 percent by weight, and 7.5 to 15 percent by weight of a tackifier and between about 2 and 20 percent by weight of zinc oxide.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein said first adhesive layer includes 10 percent by weight of zinc oxide.
6. The system of claim 1 wherein said first and second backing layers are selected from polymer films, nonwoven materials, woven materials or combinations thereof.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein said first backing layer is selected from flexible polyurethane and embossed polyethylene films.
8. The system of claim 1 wherein said second backing layer is a spun laced polyester nonwoven material bonded to a polyester film.
9. The system of claim 1 wherein said dressing element is a pad, gauze, dressing or film of a material or materials selected from natural and synthetic polymeric absorbents, hydrocolloid/polysaccharide absorbents cellulosic absorbents, gum and resin absorbents, inorganic absorbents, gel-forming fluid-interactive adhesive dressings, wool, cotton, lint and superabsorbents.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein said dressing element further comprises a polyester overwrap.
11. The system of claim 9 wherein said dressing element further comprises a non-adherent material on its wound-contacting surface.
12. The system of claim 1 wherein said aperture is sufficiently large to expose said wound and an epithelium peripheral to said wound.
13. The system of claim 1 wherein said dressing element is smaller than said aperture.
14. The system of claim 1 wherein said dressing element is larger than said aperture.
15. The system of claim 1 wherein said dressing element has substantially the same dimensions as said aperture.
16. A method of treating wounds which provides for frequent changes of wound dressings while protecting the wound epithelium and surrounding skin, which method comprises employing the wound dressing system of claim 1.
17. A method of treating leg ulcers which provides for frequent changes of dressings while protecting the epithelium and surrounding skin, which method comprises employing the wound dressing system of claim 1.
18. The system of claim 1 wherein said baseplate is of dimensions sufficient to cover a substantially greater area than the wound area covered by said wound pad.
19. The method of claim 17 wherein said baseplate covers a substantial area of the leg surrounding the leg ulcer to be treated.
The present invention relates to a dressing system useful for the treatment of wounds and particularly concerns a dressing especially suitable for leg ulcers.
In the area of wound care, which is understood to include burns, pressure sores, ulcers and the like, it is typical to focus the choice/design of dressings or medicaments on the specific requirements of the wound itself. The most complete and effective wound care, however, concerns itself additionally with the needs of:
(1) the epithelium, which is the tender area of new cell growth directly peripheral to the wound; and,
(2) the surrounding non-wounded skin. Indeed, many dermatologists feel that care of the epithelium and surrounding skin is paramount in the successful treatment of wounds, such as leg ulcers. Since the epithelium is the area in which the actual healing occurs (i.e., it is generally accepted that healing of a wound occurs by cell growth from the periphery inward), great care should be taken not to damage this area. Problems occur during dressing changes when either the dressing adheres to this area or when the new cell growth becomes entwined within the matrix of the dressing. Injury to the epithelium during dressing changes can effectively negate the care provided to the wound.
The non-wounded skin beyond the epithelium is usually in contact with some portion of the wound dressing system which maintains the dressing positioned on the wound. For example, the surrounding skin may be covered for extended periods with a wrap and/or adhesive to hold the dressing in place. Many such dressings can irritate this surrounding skin and compound the problem to the patient. This is especially true in the area of leg ulcers wherein the surrounding skin can easily become sensitized by strong medicaments and is often plagued with flaking, scaling and eczema.
The time frame for the changing of dressings depends on the above concerns and therefore opinions as to how often dressings should be changed vary drastically. It may be highly desirable to change dressings often in certain cases where the wound is emitting a large volume of exudate. Also, considering the various types of dressings available and the various stages in the healing process, dressings should ideally be altered to optimally treat the then-present condition of the wound.
In the area of leg ulcers one type of treatment presently used comprises the application of gauze to the ulcer and the utilization of a compression wrap to secure the gauze to the ulcer. Since the gauze quickly becomes saturated, frequent changes are necessary and damage to the epithelium and surrounding skin may occur. If the gauze is left on for too long a period, the exudate which contains proteolytic enzymes can begin to digest the patient's surrounding skin.
A second type of treatment is the Unna's Boot (commercially available from Biersdorf, Inc.) which comprises a zinc paste-containing bandage wrapped around the patient's leg from above the toes to below the knee. Other Unna's Boot/zinc impregnated treatments are available from Miles and Graham Field. This dressing is typically left in place for a week at a time and absorbent pads must be applied to the outside of the dressing in the area of the ulcer to absorb excess exudate. Seepage of exudate throughout the wrap is common, however, and damage to the skin and epithelium is inevitable.
A wound dressing system which could facilitate frequent dressing changes, while protecting the epithelium and surrounding non-wounded skin, would be a useful addition to the wound care art.
In accordance with the present invention a two-piece wound dressing system facilitating frequent dressing changes and protection of the delicate surrounding skin is disclosed. The wound dressing system comprises an adhesive baseplate which covers the surrounding skin and which has an aperture through which the wound is exposed. A wound pad, having a dressing element of a known wound dressing material, is placed over the aperture and releaseably adhesive means are provided to keep the wound pad in contact with the wound.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wound dressing system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view of the wound contacting surface of a wound pad of the present system.
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 illustrate the wound dressing systems of the present invention shown cross-sectionally in the relationship with the wound area.
As mentioned above, the wound dressing of the present invention provides more versatile wound care in that dressing changes can be made as often as required without the fear of damaging the delicate healing skin peripheral to the wound. This is possible because the baseplate can be left in place on the surrounding healthy skin for extended periods of time. The wound pad is maintained in place over the wound by whatever means are employed to attach the pad to the baseplate. Means for attaching the pad to the baseplate should be releaseable and optionally resealable so that a first pad can be removed and a second can be sealed in its place on the baseplate.
Thus, the wound dressing of the present invention provides more complete care to the wound area, especially in the care of leg ulcers, in that a more versatile treatment can be given to the wound itself while ensuring protection to the surrounding area.
Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the wound dressing 10 of the present invention is shown to have a baseplate 12 and a wound pad 14 which is designed to fit over, or optionally into, the aperture 16 which extends through the baseplate 12 and which corresponds generally to the size and shape of a wound (not shown). The baseplate 12 comprises a first adhesive layer 18 which is designed to contact the skin and a first backing layer 20 which overlies the first adhesive layer 18. The wound pad 14 must be able to be releaseably and optionally resealably adhered to the upper surface 22 of the first backing layer 20 of the baseplate 12.
The wound pad 14 comprises a dressing element 24 adhered to a top layer 26 which, in turn, comprises a second backing layer 28 and optionally a second adhesive layer 30. The second adhesive layer 30 can serve as the releaseable, resealable adhesive means and must be able to release from the upper surface 22 of the baseplate 12 substantially more easily than the first adhesive layer 18 releases from the skin of the patient. If the optional second adhesive layer 30 is not present, alternate means known in the art for releaseably adhering the wound pad 14 to the baseplate 12 should be provided.
The dressing element 24 of the wound pad 14 may be enveloped by an overwrap (not shown) which contains the dressing element 24 and maintains its integrity during use. The wound pad 14 may further include a nonadherent material 32 which covers the surface of the dressing element 24 which ultimately contacts the wound.
FIG. 2 more clearly illustrates a typical relationship among the elements of the wound pad 14 (viewed from the side which contacts the wound), i.e. the top layer 26, dressing element 24 adhered thereto, and the optional second adhesive layer 30 and optional nonadherent material 32.
The first adhesive layer 18 of the baseplate 12 of the present dressing comprises a plate (which can be thin in the form of a sheet) of a pliable adhesive material. Fluid-interactive adhesives known in the art for the treatment of wounds which emit exudate are preferred and they typically comprise hydrocolloids dispersed in a polymer matrix. Also, the adhesive material for the baseplate is preferably capable of adhering to moist surfaces. Adhesive compositions known in the art for use in ostomy skin barriers and male incontinence applications are especially well-suited for the baseplate of the present invention.
For example, Chen in U.S. Pat. No. 3,339,545 discloses an adhesive comprising a blend of one or more water soluble or water swellable hydrocolloids and a viscous substance such as polyisobutylene. A film of water insoluble material, corresponding to the backing layer in the instant case, is affixed to one surface of the adhesive. This article is commercially available as Stomahesive™ from E. R. Squibb and Sons, Inc.
Doyle et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,551,490 disclose a pressure sensitive adhesive suitable for medical purposes comprising 5 to 30 percent by weight of one or more polyisobutylenes or a blend of one or more polyisobutylenes and butyl rubber, 3 to 20 percent by weight of one or more styrene radial or block type copolymers, 8 to 40 percent by weight of mineral oil, 15 to 65 percent by weight of one or more water soluble hydrocolloid gums, up to 15 percent by weight of one or more water swellable cohesive strengthening agents provided that the hydrocolloid gums and strengthening agents together are present in an amount of between about 15 and 65 percent by weight, and 7.5 to 15 percent by weight of a tackifier.
Pawelchak et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 4,393,080 discloses an adhesive composition comprising 30 to 70 percent by weight of a pressure sensitive viscous adhesive material and an optional thermoplastic elastomer. The pressure sensitive material is selected from natural rubber, silicone rubber, acrylonitrile rubber, polyurethane rubber and polyisobutylenes. The elastomer can be medium molecular weight polyisobutylene, butyl rubber or styrene copolymers. This adhesive material further includes 3 to 60 percent by weight of material or synthetic polymers capable of developing elastomeric properties when hydrated which can be gluten and long chain polymers of methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid.
While the above adhesives are well suited for use in the baseplate 12 of the present invention, they are merely meant to be exemplary and any skin compatible adhesive could be employed, with the fluid interactive adhesives preferred.
In a preferred embodiment the adhesive material of the baseplate 12 further includes between 2 and 20 percent and preferably about 10 percent by weight of zinc oxide. The zinc oxide not only aids in the care of the skin surrounding the wound, but surprisingly the fluid interactive adhesive materials become more pliable with the zinc oxide included.
The first backing layer 10 of the baseplate 12 can be of any polymer film, nonwoven material, weave or the like, or combination thereof, known in the art, with flexible polyurethanes and embossed polyethylene films preferred.
The dressing element 24 of the wound pad 14 can also be of any convenient material or materials used as wound dressings in the wound care art. Typical materials include, but are not limited to, natural and synthetic polymeric absorbents, hydrocolloid/polysaccharide absorbents, cellulosic absorbents, gum and resin absorbents, inorganic absorbents, gel-forming fluid-interactive adhesive dressings, wool, cotton, lint and superabsorbents, i.e. water swellable polymers typically in the form of fiber or flock material. The structure of the dressing element 24 may comprise a complete laminated dressing, e.g. that described by Pawelchak et al. in U.S. Pat. 4,538,603 wherein an occlusive dressing commercially available from E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. as Duoderm™ is disclosed. Pawelchak et al. describe dressings comprising an adhesive layer of a gel-forming fluid interactive adhesive, a layer of semi-open cell polymeric foam and a polymeric film backing layer. The dressing may also include a second adhesive layer designed to enhance cohesion. Also, a copending application U.S. Ser. No. 931,501 entitled "ADHESIVE STRUCTURE AND PRODUCTS INCLUDING SAME" filed Nov. 17, 1986now U.S. Pat. No. 4,793,337, describes a dressing similar to the double adhesive structure of Pawelchak but which also includes a layer of calcium alginate wool or fiber interposed the adhesive layer. Any other pad, gauze or wound film known in the art, e.g., materials from the diaper and incontinence arts, can be utilized as the dressing element 24. Specific suitable dressings include Sunbeam Process absorbent materials (Gelman Technology), the Composite Air Laid Superabsorbent Pad (Dry Forming Processes) and Polysteen Superabsorbent Fiber Flock SAFF (Hanfspinnerei Steen & Co.)
These and various other wound dressings are suitable for use as the dressing element 24 in the wound pad 14 of the wound dressing of the present invention. Regardless of the material chosen, the dressing element 24 should be capable of handling the wound fluids so as to protect the wound and surrounding areas from the deleterious effects thereof. This is accomplished by the dressing element's ability to remove or "wick" the fluids away from the wound.
The second backing layer 28 can be chosen from the same materials as the first backing layer 20 and can be the same as, or different than, the first backing layer 20. A preferred second backing layer is a spun laced polyester nonwoven (e.g., Kendall's Novenette) bonded to a polyester film.
As mentioned above, when the dressing element 24 is a gauze or composite pad, it may further include an overwrap, e.g. a polyester nonwoven overwrap (e.g., those available from Kendall, Fasson, Semex and the like) and a non-adherent facing as is known in the art.
The second adhesive layer 30, if employed, can be of any convenient adhesive that can release easily from the first backing layer 20. In one embodiment, the adhesive for this layer should also be resealable in the event that the wound pad 14 is not to be changed, but just put back in place after examination of the wound.
FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show structurally some of the embodiments of the present invention in contact with a wound. In FIG. 3 the dressing element 24 is shown to be about the same size as the wound. The aperture 16 has been cut to be about the same size as the wound plus the epithelium. The dressing element 24 draws wound exudate away from the wound and keeps it away from the epithelium. The non-adherent material 32 not only prevents the dressing element 24 from sticking to the wound, but also presents any adherence to the epithelium.
In FIG. 4, the dressing element 24 is designed larger than the wound and aperture 16. The materials of the wound pad 14 are typically thin and flexible enough to bend into the aperture 16. When swellable materials are employed in the dressing element 24, the material swells into a self-forming "plug".
FIG. 5 shows a designed "plug" structure for the dressing element 24 wherein the material is of the element 24 is nearly exactly the same size and shape as the aperture 16. This arrangement is well suited when the gel forming wound dressings, e.g. Duoderm, are used as the dressing element 24. The aperture 16 in any of FIGS. 3, 4 or 5 could be made to expose only the wound and not the wound and the epithelium. However, this choice should be made by the caregiver and depends on the condition of the wound and the materials chosen for the wound dressing of the invention.
In a preferred embodiment the baseplate comprises a first adhesive layer, bonded to an embossed polyethylene film. The first adhesive layer is of a pressure sensitive adhesive like those described above by Doyle et al. in U. S. Pat. No. 4,551,490 (e.g. Durahesive™ from E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc.) further including 10 percent by weight of zinc oxide. The adhesive layer is typically 15-20 mils thick but could be of any convenient thickness.
The wound pad in a preferred embodiment comprises a Composite Air Laid Superabsorbent Pad (commercially available from Dry Forming Processes) as the dressing element enveloped in a polyester nonwoven overwrap and having its wound contact surface covered by Delnet P530N fabric facing. The dressing element is adhered to the top layer which consists of Kendall Novenette (spun laced polyester nonwoven bonded to a 0.0005" thick polyester film) and I679 Acrylic Copolymer Adhesive (commercially available from Avery).
In practice an aperture of desired shape and size is cut through the baseplate. The baseplate is then adhered to the body surface so that the aperture aligns with the wound. The wound pad is placed over the aperture and can be removed/replaced/ changed as is necessary while leaving the baseplate in place on the body for extended periods (i.e., a week or more).
This system is especially well suited for the care of leg ulcers in that the baseplate can comprise a large sheet of material which can be tightly and securely placed around the leg in one operation without the need for a spiral overwrap process as in the prior art. Various dressing changes can be made throughout the course of a week while protecting the surrounding skin. In the care of leg ulcers, a compression bandage can be used in conjunction with the present system.
Since the wound dressing system of the present invention is made of various materials, adhesives, etc. known in the art, it is understood that one skilled in the wound care art could manufacture this two-piece system by well-established techniques.
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If Liberals Are Going To Call Us Terrorists….
…are we finally free to call Liberals the traitors they are?
Yeah, the NY Times ratchets up the discourse for the "New Tone". This, after Biden was accused of saying "They have acted like terrorists." He denied that, just that he "let other Democrat lawmakers vent." So, venting includes elected Federal officials referring to a segment of the US population as "terrorists," and the Vice President of the United States sat there and let them do it?
Personally, I prefer the term "freedom fighter". Militant doesn't apply, since it breaksdown to about 98% liberal violence to 2% conservative violence. We aren't the ones shooting, going on rampages, throwing pies and glitter, poo, and generally making messes. We aren't the ones who advocated the continued destruction of the USA.
So, if we're all terrorists, all you liberals are traitors. Because you don't hear the majority of liberals saying "hey, come on, calling our fellow Americans terrorists simply because they have a different take on the economy is going way, way to far. Please stop that."
Crossed at Pirate's Cove. Follow me on Twitter @WilliamTeach.
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Posted: January 10, 2011|
FOR most people, writing a novel is the ultimate test of the imagination – but Keynsham science fiction writer, Stuart Olds, says his debut novel simply arrived in his head "in one big lump".
"It was as if something downloaded into my brain in a single moment," the 40-year-old says. "The entire story was there – spanning 4,000 years. I could see every scene mapped out in pictures. I knew all I had to do was to sit down and start writing it."
For Stuart it was the most profound "manic" moment in a life punctuated by bouts of manic-depression, or bipolar.
"I think I've probably always had my bipolar condition, though I was only properly diagnosed eight years ago. But I remember having periods of deep depression from being as young as seven or eight.
"The depressions are dark. Very dark," he admits. "There have been times when I've stood on the precipice – and at those times you can fully understand how people feel despondent enough to take their own lives.
"But then in contrast, I have the manic periods – and they're brilliant. It's like living through a period of heightened reality, when anything seems possible.
"I have enormous outpourings of creative activity that can last for days."
It's these periods of supersonic creativity that explain how Stuart can produce a complex science fiction novel, despite being married with four children and having a busy career as a freelance contract carpenter.
"On one occasion, I was awake for nine days and nights, before the manic period passed," he says.
Cold Truth, his debut novel, which comes out at the end of next month, is described by his publishers, Tricorn Books, as "eco sci fi".
"It tells the story of an Earth-like planet, where the inhabitants use-up all their natural resources, despite having developed powerfully sophisticated technology.
"A spaceship is dispatched on a mission to find an alternative home for the race, and they discover our Earth 4,000 years ago," he says.
Moving on to present day, as the alien species prepares for its full relocation to our planet, they prove they're in a position to teach humans how to better care for our own natural resources.
"There are three main ideas that appear in the book, which I actually think could be used in real life," Stuart says.
"I think we could tackle global warming by placing enormous parasol-shaped satellites in orbit, to cast shadows on the planet.
"Rising sea levels could be tackled by flooding the water tables beneath the deserts, with a membrane being placed over the ground to trap the moisture and prevent it from simply evaporating back into the water chain."
Stuart's third big idea in the novel is to reduce deforestation in the rainforests by developing enormous undercover cattle farms in South America, rather than allowing land to be cleared for grazing – financed by the profits of supermarkets and burger chains.
Now Stuart is preparing a period of self-promotion, to push the book, which is even incorporating his carpentry skills into the process.
"I'm planning to build a special advertising trailer, with a 5ft-high copy of the book made from wood," he says. "I'm then going to drive it around the city to let people know that the book is out there.
"Publishing is such a competitive industry, you really do have to find innovative ways of getting your name known out there.
"I believe the book has an important moral message behind it. We are developing technologies so powerful that we will soon be totally reliant on them.
"No matter how righteous the human race thinks it is, we are greedy. We need to find suitable, sustainable ways to act, before it is too late."
● Cold Truth, by Stuart Olds, is published by Tricorn Books at the end of next month, priced £8.99.


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Based on funding availability at the time of the Award, a limited number of Merit Awards will be awarded to fellows and residents whose research is addressed in high-quality abstracts submitted to an ASCO Meeting and recognized for its scientific merit. Recipients of Merit Awards are honored with the opportunity to present their abstract at the Annual Meeting and ASCO thematic meetings and to receive between $1,000 to $1,500 in monetary support, complimentary registration for the ASCO Meeting and access to reserved Meeting housing. Merit Award candidates must apply for the award at the time of abstract submission..
To be considered for an Annual Meeting Merit Award, the first author of an abstract must:
- Hold a doctoral degree (including but not limited to MD, DO, PharmD, or PhD) or be a doctoral degree candidate at the time of abstract submission
- Be enrolled in an oncology fellowship training program or equivalent training program at the time of abstract submission
- Work in an oncology laboratory or clinical research setting
- Agree to present the abstract at the Annual Meeting
- Provide a letter of support from his or her Training Program Director, indicating eligibility for the award
- Provide a two-page curriculum vitae
- ASCO Annual Meeting
- Breast Cancer Symposium
- Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium
- Genitourinary Cancers Symposium
- Molecular Markers in Cancer Meeting
- Quality Care Symposium
Special Merit Awards
Special Merit Awards are presented to trainees and junior faculty who have the top-ranking abstracts for the ASCO Annual Meeting. In addition to the stipend, recipients receive a plaque and are recognized at the ASCO Annual Meeting.
Bradley Stuart Beller Special Merit Award
This award is given to the fellow who has the highest ranking abstract overall in the Merit Award category as determined by the Scientific Program Committee. The award is funded through the Bradley Stuart Beller Endowment.
Brigid Leventhal Special Merit Award
This award is given to the fellow who submitted the top abstract in Pediatric Oncology as determined by the Scientific Program Committee.
The Pain Special Merit Award
This award is given to the fellow who submitted the top abstract in Pain and Symptom Management Research as determined by the Scientific Program Committee.
James B. Nachman ASCO Junior Faculty Award in Pediatric Oncology
This award is established in memory of James B. Nachman, MD, Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Chicago and an internationally renowned pediatric cancer expert. It is endowed through the James B. Nachman Pediatric Oncology Fund and will be given each year to a junior faculty member who submits the highest ranking abstract in pediatric oncology for the ASCO Annual Meeting as determined by the ASCO Scientific Program Committee. The recipient will receive $3,000 in monetary support to attend the Annual Meeting, complimentary registration for the Annual meeting and access to reserved Meeting housing. Candidates must apply for this award at the time of abstract submission.
The First Author must meet all of the following requirements to be considered for this award:
- Hold a medical or doctoral degree (MD, PhD, DO, or DNP)
- Be within 7 years of their first faculty appointment at the time of abstract submission
- Conduct laboratory, population-based, or clinical research focused on childhood cancer
- Agree to present the abstract at the ASCO Annual Meeting
In addition, the abstract must be selected for presentation in an Oral Abstract Session.
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Photoshop is the world's most powerful image editor, and it's arguably the most complex, as well. Fortunately, nobody knows the program like award-winning book and video author Deke McClelland. Join Deke as he explores such indispensable Photoshop features as resolution, cropping, color correction, retouching, and layers. Gain expertise with real-world projects that make sense. Exercise files accompany the course.
Download Deke's free dekeKeys and color settings from the Exercise Files tab.
Okay gang the first thing that we have to do is establish Photoshop as the default application for opening JPEG files, TIFF files, and PSD files, because those are the kinds of files that I'll be providing to you over the course of this series and these are the kinds of files you'll run into on a regular basis. Now this turns out to be our biggest tech support question where Photoshop is concerned at lynda.com is how do I open my files in the first place, because what people want to do is they want to find the files that I am giving you and just double-click on a file at the desktop level, and that means it could open with whatever is the default application for that file type.
Not something I can control on my side, it's something you have to change on your side. And you can see here I've just opened the JPEG file, and it opens up inside Windows Photo Viewer. That's not going to do me any good for learning Photoshop as it is concerned, so I need to close out of that. This tends to be a bigger issue on the PC than it is on a Mac, but I'll tell you how to change it on both platforms, so that you and I are on the same page. Now if you're a premium member, or you have access to the DVD then you've presumably copied over my exercise files folder to your desktop or some other location.
And I want you to go into another folder that's inside that folder. It's called 00_setup, and you'll see three files called Welcome. Now they happen to be welcome.jpg welcome.psd and welcome.tiff, problem is I have my extensions turned off as by default on both platforms. So here's how you turn it on the PC at least under Windows 7 you go up to the Organize menu and you choose this command right there, Folder and search options. However, if you're working on an older version of Windows, and you can't find that command, then just press the Alt key.
It's going to force the display of the menu right there. So press Alt, go to the tools menu and choose Folder Options, and then you'll switchover to the View tab. You'll drop down to this check box right there Hide extensions for known file types. Turn it off and click OK. And now you see we've got welcome.jpg, welcome.psd, and welcome.tiff. All right. On the Mac, it's a little different. Let me show you how it works. I'll go ahead and switchover to Photoshop. You go to your finder level, which is the desktop level of your Mac, at the top of the screen, the second menu over from the left.
right next to the Apple is the Finder menu. You go to the Finder menu and you choose the Preferences command. You can also press Command+Comma if you like. And then I want you to click on this gear right here. It takes you to the Advanced tab, so that's the fourth tab inside of this dialog box. And then turn on this check box- Show all file name extension, and then you'll be good to go. All right. Now let's go ahead and minimize Photoshop, so that we can see the contents of the folder once again. Now for each one of these files, the JPEG file, the PSD file, and the TIFF file, you're going to need to perform the following operations.
So three times in a row, I'll explain it on the PC, and I'll explain it on the Mac. On the PC, you right-click on the file, so I right-clicked on the JPEG file. That's what you do on the Mac as well. You right-click on that file in order to bring up a menu. On a PC you are going to choose the Open With command, on the Mac you are going to choose the Get Info command, and I'll explain that in a moment. So you choose the Open With command, then you come down here and Choose default program, so go ahead and click on that command. And then you should see Photoshop in a list of Recommended Programs.
That's ideal, then you click on it and you make sure that Always use selected program to open this kind of file is turned on, and then you click OK. If you can't find Photoshop in the list of Recommended Programs, see this little down pointing arrow head to the right of the word Other Programs? Go ahead and click on it in order to see those other programs. By default, they're hidden, which is insanity in my opinion, but there it is. You have to click that little guy to see him, and then you should see Photoshop here. If you still don't see Photoshop, you're going to have the click on the Browse button and actually find it manually on your hard drive.
Hopefully, you don't have the resort to that, because that's just a pain in the neck. But anyway, there is Adobe Photoshop CS5, excellent, click OK, and now it'll go ahead and open up in Photoshop. I'll go ahead press Ctrl+Plus or Command +Plus to zoom in on it, and this is the welcome screen for this series. I want you to see here that the series is divided into three parts. Part one, Fundamentals, part two is Advanced, and part three is Mastery, so there are three levels of courses in this series. I use these little ski icons, you know, the green slope and the blue slope and the black diamond slope.
That may or may not help you. I'm told by non-skiers it doesn't help at all, but I like to ski. Anyway, whether you ski or not, if you're working on the Mac you right-click on that JPEG file, you choose the Get Info command, you can also click on the file and press Command+I if you want, and that's going to take you to the Get Info dialog box right there, this narrow strip that's going to come up. And you want to drop down to this area, Open With, and you want to go ahead and set it to Adobe Photoshop CS5. You should see that in your menu list, otherwise you might have go hunting around in your applications folder for it.
Once you select it, then you click on the Change All button, and that'll change all of that specific variety of file types. In this case I am looking at the welcome.tiff file, but you want to do it to welcome.jpg and welcome.psd as well. And if you don't have my files incidentally, you can do it to your own files. You can find any old JPEG file, any old TIFF file, an any old PSD file, and go through these same steps. All right, I'm going to go ahead and minimize Photoshop once again. Let's go ahead and perform those same steps on the welcome.tiff file.
So I'll go ahead and right-click on it, choose Open With > Choose default program right there. That's going to bring up my recommended programs, which include Photoshop CS5, excellent. If I can't find I click on this down pointing arrowhead to the right of other programs. Once I'm done, I make sure the check box is on, and I click OK, and it's going to once again, open up inside of Photoshop. Now here's the one that's a little confusing. I'll go ahead and minimize the application, go to the PSD file, right-click on it, choose Open With right there, and Choose default program, in order to open up this dialog box.
Once again, you, Macintosh people, would right-click in the file, choose Get Info. Go that route. I'd find Photoshop CS5, I seem to have a couple of versions to choose from here, either it'll do me just fine, or I'd have to click on this little down pointing arrow head to find the application, make sure the check box is turned on, click OK. Here's the confusing part is you're going to get a get an error message. You are definitely going to get this error message unless you just happen to have the same fonts I do, and what it's telling you is that some text layers contain fonts that are missing. The great thing about Photoshop is, it doesn't matter. Unless you're going to edit that text, you don't care.
For purposes of viewing it, Photoshop can view fonts you don't even have. It's amazing. So you click OK. You go ahead and zoom in, and notice here in the layers menu I see all these little Ts, those are the live text layers that have these little cautionary icons next to them, little yield signs. That's telling me that Photoshop can't find the font for that layer. And yet, look at the text inside the image, it looks perfect, and that's because Photoshop doesn't need the font in order to preview the text onscreen unless you go in there and edit the number of pixels in the image, or edit the type.
And it's like the only program that's capable of doing that. It's just remarkable. Anyway, now you have Photoshop set up as your default image editing application for JPEGs, TIFFs and PSDs, and we should able to run through the process of at least opening files without any problems.
Find answers to the most frequently asked questions about Photoshop CS5 One-on-One: Fundamentals .
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A: These days, it's easier to assign the workflow settings manually. In Photoshop, choose Edit > Color Settings. Then change the first RGB setting to Adobe RGB, and click OK.
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Mrs. Dash® Grinder Blends Steakhouse Seasoning
Mrs. Dash® Grinder Blends Steakhouse Seasoning
No MSG | Salt-Free | Kosher
Mrs. Dash® Grinder Blends™ let you add delicious salt-free flavor to your favorite meals. Perfect for the grill or stovetop, simply grind this delicious steakhouse style seasoning onto steaks, burgers, chops, ribs, and more.
spices (black pepper, oregano, basil, paprika, chili pepper flakes, coriander, dill seed, marjoram, tarragon, rosemary, celery seed), dried garlic, dried onion


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Week In Pictures
This week in pictures features photos from the Wolves home opening weekend against the Charlotte Checkers.
Meet A New Wolf: Jeremy Welsh an instant hit
First in a series on the Chicago Wolves' new players, forward Jeremy Welsh discusses his path to professional hockey and opening the season with a game-winning goal.
Opening night Q and A with John Anderson
The Chicago Wolves launch their 21st season – and 14th as a member of the American Hockey League – at 7 p.m. Saturday at Allstate Arena. After directing the Wolves to the Midwest Division title during his first year in charge since the 2007-08 season, John Anderson feels even more comfortable and confident as the opener beckons.
Fun and winning and the Tao of John Anderson
Not long before the Chicago Wolves began preparing for the 2014-15 season in earnest -- training camp opened Monday – head coach John Anderson was asked to provide three words that best describe him.
McCudden's collection tells story of skating, career
When hockey players meet with Chicago Wolves skating and skills coach Kenny McCudden in his home, it usually takes an hour or two until they sit down to talk. Before they do, they get a history lesson.
Wolves celebrate the dog days of summer
The Chicago Wolves are taking the "dog days of summer" literally.
Catching up with Billy Gardner
The Chicago Wolves have spent their offseason adjusting to American Hockey League rule changes and blending Wolves veterans with fresh faces who'll wear the burgundy and gold for the first time.
Catching up with Wendell Young
While hockey fans are getting antsy for October to arrive, Chicago Wolves general manager Wendell Young has not stopped preparing for the 2014-15 season since the final horn of the Western Conference Semifinals in Toronto.
Catching up with Jake Chelios
When the Chicago Wolves announced Monday that defenseman Jake Chelios signed a standard player's contract (SPC) to play for the franchise in 2014, Chelios was between classes at Michigan State University.
At 10:30 a.m. Friday, Chicago Wolves senior advisor Gene Ubriaco stood in front of 15 teenage hockey players at Seven Bridges Ice Arena in Woodridge and offered tips for staying safe on the ice.
During their 20th season as a franchise, the Chicago Wolves utilized a blend of new and old to make their milestone year a memorable one. The 2013-14 squad featured fresh faces on the ice such as Jake Allen and Ty Rattie while bringing back a familiar figure behind the bench in four-time champion coach John Anderson. This combination proved successful as the team went on to capture the Midwest Division title and advance to the Western Conference Semifinals in the 2014 Calder Cup playoffs. As a look back on the historic year, here are the top 20 moments of the Chicago Wolves' 20th season.


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Below is the poem entitled Thank you Almighty which was written by poet
CHAWLA. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Throughout our life
From beginning to end,
From infant to death,
We can't think of a
Moment where his omnipresence fades,
We can't do a bit,
Without his support, dedication and wit,
We cannot fight any battle,
If he doesn't confer us mettle,
"HE" is ubiquitous
Everything created by him is purely precious,
He is the one and only "Supreme Deity"
One can marvel at his great spontaneity,
He is in the gleaming sunshine,
He is in the lofty mountain pine,
He is in the ocean,
He is in the sky,
He is responsible for birds to fly,
He is in the pulse.
He is in the beat,
He is in the wind,
He is in the heat,
He is in creation,
He is in imagination,
He is the weakness,
He is the power,
He is the vigour,
He is the trigger,
He is in you,
He is in me,
He always fulfils to our plea,
He is embellishment,
He is enchantment,
He is fantastic
He is majestic,
There is no end to his inventions,
As ceaseless are his dimensions,
It's tough to endure without its mention,
Solving issues is easy with his convention,
I desperately and whole heartedly thank him for all he has granted,
As we are the roots he has planted,