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We at McFarlane Toys were glued to the tube for Sunday night's Academy Awards telecast -- eagerly awaiting the outcome of Best Animated Feature Film. Two of the three nominated films -- Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-rabbit and Tim Burton's Corpse Bride -- are close to our hearts, as we make the complete action figure lines for both.
Nick Park and Steve Box, directors of Were-rabbit, went home with the top honor. Were-rabbit marked the fifth nomination for Park, whose Aardman Companies previously received nods for four other animated short films, winning Oscars for A Close Shave, (1995) The Wrong Trousers, (1995) and Creature Comforts (1990).
"Both Steve Box and myself are just overjoyed and feel very privileged to have won this Oscar," says Park on the Aardman Companies Web site (www.aardman.com). "The crew at Aardman deserve this award for all the fantastic work they put into making Curse of the Were-rabbit such a success around the world. It was great to have Peter Sallis with us at the awards, he has been the voice of Wallace for 23 years and I can't thank him enough."
Corpse Bride may not have won the Oscar, but it has been widely hailed as one of Tim Burton's greatest stop-action animated films, winning the hearts of legions of fans. In honor of the film's DVD release, we released a special Corpse Bride 2-pack, re-creating the image from the film's original poster. See it here.
If you've been living under a rock and haven't seen our great Were-rabbit and Corpse Bride figures, take a look at our online features. You'll find complete toy photos and specs, QuickTime VR movies, lots of downloadable extras and more.


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Free Pattern
Last week I was contacted on Ravelry by a knitter named Becky. She told me that she wanted to make a fingerless glove for her husband, preferably with my Seattle pattern using ARAN weight yarn. Since my original Seattle gloves are knitted with US#3, and Becky wants to make them with ARAN weight yarn, re-calculations and ultimately re-writing the whole pattern are in order. Instead of just re-calculate/re-write the existing pattern, I want to show you what it entails to do this. It's a lot of work! What happens if... Question: Let's say Becky would have printed out my original...
NOTE ADDED ON OCTOBER 21, 2010: YIKES I FOUND A TYPO IN ROW 3.... I am so sorry folks! I have corrected it in the pdf. If you have downloaded the pdf before or on Oct. 21, 2010, delete it and download the pattern again. If you have downloaded the pattern AFTER Oct. 21, 2010 you are fine! Special thanks to Ravelry member Ruthieless for inserting my images in the pdf file. The Vanessa headband is very cozy for those cold winter days when you need some protection for your head and ears. If you wish, you can also wear your Vanessa headband as a cowl. Very versatile little knitted piece!...
Note added 01-04-2011: **This pattern calls for 160 yards of worsted weight yarn, but if you have a skein of only 150 yards (such as 6-ply Mongolian Cashmere from Jade Sapphire) just SKIP STEP 6 in the pattern and you will be fine!** These long fingerless gloves made out of Cascade Venezia will make any girl feel feminine and a bit naughty. Knitted straight and then later seamed. These are similar to the Adrienne Gloves but have a smoother appearance. Go to the Adrienne Glove page to see a general picture tutorial on how to seam your glove and were to place thumb...
Inspired by the Felicity Hat designed by Brooklyn based crafty queen Wanett Clyde, I am presenting to you the Nettie Hat. Special thanks to Wanett Clyde for granting me permission to publish the Nettie Hat for free here on Getting Purly With It. Wannet's Ravelry name is "Nettie" and to honor her I named this hat after her! The Nettie Hat is an easy stockinette stitch based hat which I offer you in two different versions. (Scroll all the way down to get to PDF files.) Nettie Hat Version 1 is knit in the round using US5 and US7 circular 16" (yarn used in this picture Malabrigo Silk/...
A luscious Feather and Fan Shawl, knitted with two different yarns held together. You are going to knit two identical pieces which are later on joined with the three needle bind off technique. The main body consists of the Feather and Fan pattern stitch, however with a slight variation. In this post you will find: Picture tutorial How to wear your Miss Jenni Shawl Pdf file with pattern Miss Jenni Shawl (scroll all the way down) The material: two dainty yarns For my Miss Jenni Shawl, I am using two balls of Kidsilk Haze by Rowan (color 627) and two balls of Lace Merino Silk by...
A very basic long fingerless glove, entirely knit in stockinette stitch and seamed up the sides. Yarn: approx. 140 yards of sports weight (or very light dk) yarn. Needlesize: US5 or needlesize to obtain correct gauge. Yarn suggestions: Alpaca Silk by Blue Sky Alpacas, Fresco by Classic Elite Yarns, Ultra Alpaca Light by Berocco, Road to China Light by the Fibre Company, Mongolian Cashmere by Jade Sapphire and Felted Tweed by Rowan. To download the pattern click on link below: Basicsports Some more specifics This pattern is a very basic fingerless glove, entirely knit in...
When I was a very new knitter I only knew how to do the knit stitch. So like many new knitters, I made a scarf entirely made with the knit stitch. I learned quickly that using only knit stitch in a garment, is called "Garter Stitch". Other than in my very first scarf, I never ever used the Garter Stitch again. That is, until recently when a lady walked into the yarnstore with the most beautiful and luscious scarf. I was simply captured by it and was surprised when I found out it was made with merely Garter Stitch! I could not stop thinking about that scarf and just had to make it...
I was playing around with some huge yarn called Colinette Point 5 and needle size US#19 and showed it to my co-worker Adrienne. She was immediately interested in the yarn, purchased some and two days later she presented me her version which you can see in the pictures. Sweet! Unlike me, Adrienne chose to work with needle size #17 because she wanted a more dense and closer knit cowl. Seeing her cowl made me change to needle #17 too! Allthough this very thick and thin yarn is totally out of my comfort zone, I have to admit that I really like it. The seed stitch gives it a very...
I was planning on writing a pdf.file for the pattern and to make some nice photographs on these long scalloped gloves but alas, I am running out of time. Several people have been asking me to please please post the pattern soon because it would make such a nice Christmas gift. Pdf.file will follow soon, for now you will have to do with this posting, aight? Long Fingerless Glove "Adrienne" This long fingerless glove is named after a beautiful and tall woman called Adrienne, who happens to be my friend! First I will give you sort of a picture tutorial and the entire pattern is written out...
A few months after I first learned how to do a knit stitch and a purl stitch, I was ready to venture out to lace. I was in awe of those knitters who could do lace and would browse the knitting forums and lurk in every thread were lace was discussed. One day, I stumbled across a lace thread over at Knittinghelp.com. The knitters were discussing a lace pattern called "Dayflower" and one knitter in particular wanted to double this pattern but did know how to. Other knitters came to the rescue and at the end of the thread somebody wrote out the whole 16 row repeat pattern and doubled it! I...
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Now back in the US following her hectic fashion week(s) schedule, Mischa was spotted leaving the dentist on October 6th. Mischa is reportedly due to be in India some time in November to begin filming her next movie.
omg she looks great and beautiful, look there's no cellulite, she looks healthy to me, if you see in the 7th and 8th picture!
god she always go back and forth to europe and the us:)
mischa looks great and beautiful and healthy and i like her bag


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A composition comprising a trivalent bismuth salt, particularly bismuth nitrate, and dimercaprol is described. Methods for using the composition as a bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic agent and as a disinfectant and preservative are also provided.
1. A composition, comprising:
a trivalent bismuth salt; and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol, wherein the molar ratio of said trivalent bismuth salt to said compound is approximately 1:2 to approximately 3:1.
2. A composition, as recited in claim 1, wherein said trivalent bismuth salt is selected from the group consisting of bismuth nitrate, colloidal bismuth subcitrate and bismuth subsalicylate.
3. A composition, as recited in claim 1, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 1:1 to approximately 3:1.
4. A composition, as recited in claim 1, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 2:1 to approximately 3:1.
5. A composition, as recited in claim 1, further comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
6. A composition, comprising:
a trivalent bismuth salt; and
at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol, wherein said trivalent bismuth salt and said compound are present in the molar ratio of approximately 3:1.
7. A method of preventing or inhibiting bacterial infection, comprising the step of:
administering a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a trivalent bismuth salt and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol to a patient, in need thereof.
8. A method, as recited in claim 7, wherein said trivalent bismuth salt is selected from the group consisting of bismuth nitrate, colloidal bismuth subcitrate and bismuth subsalicylate.
9. A method, as recited in claim 8, wherein the molar ratio of said trivalent bismuth salt to said compound is not less than approximately 1:2 nor more than approximately 3:1.
10. A method, as recited in claim 9, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 1:1 to approximately 3:1.
11. A method, as recited in claim 9, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 2:1 to approximately 3:1.
12. A method of eradicating bacteria, comprising the step of:
applying to an area on which it is desired to eradicate bacteria an effective amount of a composition comprising a trivalent bismuth salt and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol.
13. A method, as recited in claim 12, wherein said trivalent bismuth salt is selected from the group consisting of bismuth nitrate, colloidal bismuth subcitrate and bismuth subsalicylate.
14. A method, as recited in claim 13, wherein the molar ratio of said trivalent bismuth salt to said compound is not less than approximately 1:2 nor more than approximately 3:1.
15. A method, as recited in claim 14, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 1:1 to approximately 3:1.
16. A method, as recited in claim 14, wherein said molar ratio is approximately 2:1 to approximately 3:1.
17. A method of preventing the formation or growth of biofilms, comprising the step of:
applying to an area on which it is desired to prevent the formation or growth of biofilms an effective amount of a composition comprising a trivalent bismuth salt and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol.
18. A method of preventing spoilage, comprising the step of:
applying to a product on which it is desired to prevent spoilage an effective amount of a composition comprising a trivalent bismuth salt and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dimercaprol, β-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol.
This is a continuing application of apprication Ser. No. 08/428,464 filed on Apr. 25, 1995 abandoned.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a composition and a method for the amelioration and inhibition of bacterial infections, and more particularly, to a composition of a trivalent bismuth salt and dimercaprol. Bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic properties are demonstrated.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Infectious diseases of the digestive tract constitute a major health problem throughout the world. Infectious diarrheal disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In developed countries, diarrhea and colitis are frequent symptoms during antibiotic therapy. Food contamination with Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, or E. coli poses a major health problem. Diarrhea is the most frequent discomfort among travelers. Even ulcers are now considered an infectious disease.
The finding in 1983 that Helicobacter pylori was the probable cause of ulcers has precipitated intense activity in developing therapies to eradicate this organism from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract. Effective therapies have emerged, involving combinations of antibiotics, H2 -inhibitors and bismuth compounds. These therapies demonstrate an absolute requirement for bismuth to achieve a long-term cure with little probability of reinfection. At present, the preferred form to administer bismuth is as the subcitrate (colloidal bismuth subcitrate or CBS) or as the subsalicylate (BSS, a.k.a. Pepto-Bismol�).
The mechanisms by which CBS or BSS help to eradicate H. pylori are not fully understood and are currently under investigation. For a review of the properties of CBS, see Wagstaff, et al., Drugs 36:132-157 (1988). Apparently no single mechanism of bismuth activity can account for all of the antiulcer effects suggested in the literature. Indeed a number of therapeutic activities may be involved. Experiments recently performed by Beil et. al., Pharmacology; 47:135-140 (1993) investigated the interactions between colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) and sulfhydryls and their results indicated that DTT did not enhance the antibacterial activity of CBS.
Bismuth compounds are also used in numerous other medical applications. For example, they are used orally as an anti-diarrheal agent, for an upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, and as an internal deodorant, and as skin antiseptics. Bismuth compounds are also used prophylactically for Traveler's diarrhea, and as an iodoform paraffin paste, they are used to limit infection of surgical wounds. In general, bismuth has antibacterial properties with proven medical usefulness.
Bismuth also has selective effects on expression of virulence factors in bacteria. Concentrations below that which inhibited bacterial growth nevertheless repressed the expression of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from K. pneumoniae and other members of its family Enterobacteriaciae. It also represses the expression of certain pili involved in adherence. The antibacterial potency of bismuth is especially strong under low iron conditions. Increasing iron negates the inhibitory effects of bismuth on bacteria.
Compared to other antimicrobial agents, the potency of bismuth compounds is relatively low, especially when iron is present. In addition, one of the major problems with using bismuth is its insolubility in aqueous solutions.
It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a composition and a method for inhibiting bacterial growth and for preventing bacterial infection. In particular, a composition which includes a trivalent bismuth salt such as BSS, CBS or Bi(NO3)3 and dimercaprol 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, British anti-lewisite (BAL)! is provided. When combined, a synergy occurres that enhances the inhibitory action of Bi3+ against bacteria from 100 to 1000-fold. The concentration of both agents can be reduced to nontoxic levels and the combination still possesses powerful bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against nosocomial pathogens. The composition has broad spectrum bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal effects and therefore is useful as an antibacterial, antiseptic and antimicrobial agent for preventing infection and for disinfecting and cleaning surfaces. It can also be used as a preservative and for killing biofilm organisms and preventing the formation of a biofilm. In particular, the composition of the present invention is useful for treating bacterial infections of the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract. Other agents such as antioxidants, carriers, detergents, antibiotics, preservatives can be used in combination with the composition.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawing.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparative effects of BisBAL and chlorhexidine on capsule and slime expression by bacteria.
A novel composition of a trivalent bismuth salt and BAL (BisBAL) has been prepared which shows significant broad spectrum bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic properties. The BisBAL composition can be prepared by any standard method. In a preferred embodiment, for 50 mM Bi3+, add 24.3 mg Bi(NO3)3 to 960 μL propylene glycol and 40 μl 10 N NaOH. For BAL (Sigma; 10M solution of dimercaprol; 124 g/mol) serial 10-fold dilutions are prepared in water. Stock solutions of BisBAL at 50 mM/110 mM are made by dissolving 243 mg in 9.7 ml H2 O, adding 110 μl 10 M BAL, and adjusting the pH to between 8 and 10 with 180-200 μl 10 N NaOH. The effect of subjecting BisBAL stock solutions to extreme temperatures on antibacterial activity were tested by heating to boiling and by autoclaving. BisBAL was found to be heat labile and destroyed by autoclaving. Stability of various BisBAL preparations kept at room temperature and at 4� C. for long periods was tested periodically. BisBAL was found to be a fairly stable compound. BisBAL activity is stable for at least one month if kept at 4� C., but at room temperature (RT) a 500/600 μM BisBAL solution will lose 50% of its activity in two weeks. A 500/150 μM BisBAL solution loses 50% of its activity at RT in a few days. If desired, an alkaline compound, such as NaOH, can be added to adjust the pH and solubilize the mixture.
It has been found that the ideal molar ratio of bismuth to BAL is in a ratio range of approximately 1:2 to 3:1. At a ratio of 3:1, the composition is particularly active against microbes. However, the highest solubility in water and longest shelf life can obtained when the molar ratio of bismuth to BAL is 1:2. Differing ratios can be used depending on the desired characteristics of the composition.
While it is not possible to bring 50 μM of Bi3+ into solution in H2 O, 500 mM Bi3+ goes into solution with 1.2 M BAL present at pH 9-10. Furthermore since BAL is lipophilic, BisBal is soluble in acetone, ethanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile, DMSO, and even 1-butanol, but not in chloroform, octanol, ethyl acetate, or isoamylalcohol.
Based on gel filtration analysis, BisBal is thought to be a polycation. It was found that the majority of the yellow pigment of BisBAL preparations eluted from a BioGel P2 column at an apparent molecular weight of 1000 daltons, which is consistent with the structure of a polycation. BisBAL is highly positively charged on one end which adds to its water solubility. On the other end, it is lipophilic and thus soluble in nonpolar solvents.
The affinity of BAL for Bi3+ is great since when the pH of concentrated BisBAL solutions drops below the alkaline range, a yellow precipitate forms. Bi3+ alone forms a white precipitate. After sedimenting the precipitate, removing the supernatant and adding fresh alkaline buffer, the precipitate will redissolve, indicating that the precipitate is not Bi3+ alone but rather intact BisBAL. This suggests that BisBAL may precipitate in the acidic stomach, but will redissolve in the small intestine.
It has been found that the optimum Bi3+ doses are in the range of 0.01 mg/kg to 357 mg/kg per day with the oral and topical dose not exceeding 500 mg/kg of BAL and an injected dose not exceeded 50 mg/kg of BAL. This is consistent with the extended regimen in humans for Pepto-Bismol�, in which 30 ml (525 mg BSS) are administered four times a day (2.1 g/day) for 3 weeks. Maximal intake of BSS in humans is 4.2 g/day. This is the equivalent of 18 mg/day of Bi3+ in a 30 g mouse, or 600 mg/kg/day, or 300 mg/kg bid. The maximum oral dose of Bi3+ in BSS for humans is similar to the highest safe dose of BisBAL for mice. Thus, the maximum Bi3+ concentration already established for other therapeutic Bi3+ compounds need not be altered for BisBAL therapy. Surprisingly, BisBAL is less toxic than existing Bi3+ compounds, even though it is over 1000-fold more potent against bacteria. It has been found that BAL is the limiting factor, since at high doses BAL is toxic, with rapid death accompanied by severe tremors.
When injected intraperitoneally into mice, BisBAL (LD50 =140�40 mgBi3+ /kg) was considerably less toxic than Bi (No3)3 (LD50 =52�13 mgBi3+ /kg) or Bi-cysteine (LD50 =49�12 mgBi3+ /kg), based on two separate trials. Mice can tolerate 60 mg Bi3+ kg in the form of BisBAL intraperitoneally without signs of morbidity or mortality for at least 5 days. Therefore Bi3+ /kg is less toxic as the BisBAL chelate than in other compounds, especially when given intraperitoneally.
Experiments of the toxicity of BisBAL were performed in 35 g Swiss-Webster female mice. The BisBAL was administered orally and intraperitoneally. As shown in Table I, the mice tolerated 12.5 mg of Bi3+ orally (357 mg/kg; 50 equivalent human doses) with fairly high doses of BAL. Combined with Bi3+, BAL doses of 500 mg/kg were innocuous, while 1 g/kg killed all of the mice within a few hours. When given alone, BAL at 500 mg/kg killed all of the mice within an hour, and BAL at 250 mg/kg killed one of five mice.
The oral LD50 for BAL alone is calculated to be 333 mg/kg. The intramuscular LD50 for BAL alone in rats is 86.7 mg/kg (Merck Manual). The intraperitoneal LD50 for BAL in mice is 60 mg/kg. The oral LD50 for mice is over 5-fold higher, presumably due to limited absorption of BAL from the gut. The oral LD50 for BAL in BisBAL is even higher at 556 mg/kg. Evidently, Bi3+ lessens oral toxicity of BAL. Thus, BAL is the toxic moiety in BisBAL oral preparations, but is not as toxic orally when combined with Bi3+. Indeed, BAL given orally in BisBAL is nearly 10 times less toxic than is BAL given intraperitoneally.
The threshold toxic intramuscular dose for BAL in humans is less than 5 mg/kg (Sulzberger, 1946), which is one-hundredth the BAL that was tolerated orally as BisBAL. These data suggest that BAL toxicity should not be problematic during BisBAL therapy since the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for BAL in BisBAL is 100-500 μg/kg.
TABLE I______________________________________Agent Oral LD50 (mg/kg) IP LD50 (mg/kg)______________________________________Bi(NO3)3 >357 53 � 13BAL 333 � 60 60 � 10BisBAL 357/556 � 25 142 � 54/234 � 91Bi-cysteine 156 � 20 49 � 12______________________________________
In additional experiments, burned mice were challenged with K. pneumoniae to investigate the topical toxicity of BisBAL. When BisBAL at 376/621 mg/kg was applied topically or subeschar mortality was hastened by 2-3 days. However, 38/62 mg/kg did not hasten mortality when applied topically and 3.8/6.2 mg/kg did not affect mortality when applied either topically or subeschar. The lethality of BisBAL in a burn wound sepsis model paralleled that seen in oral models. The data indicates that the threshold for BAL toxicity orally or topically, in the form of BisBAL is greater than 500 mg/kg, while the systemic toxicity threshold is greater than 50 mg/kg.
As a disinfectant, or for use on inanimate surfaces, BisBAL concentrations can exceed the limits set forth above. In particular, concentrations up to and exceeding 500 mM Bi3+ and 1M BAL can be used for disinfectant purposes. Further, concentrations as low or lower than 50 μM Bi3+ and 100 μM BAL can be used for antiseptics or preservatives.
Another consideration is the toxicity of BisBAL for mammalian cells. BisBAL was not notably cytotoxic or pro-inflammatory based on animal studies and other informal observations. There was no evidence of blood or mucus in the stools of treated animals, nor any signs of irritability from massive doses of BisBAL. Accidental contact on hands with small amounts of BAL can be quite irritating, whereas BisBAL is not irritating to the skin even at 100-fold the BAL concentration. BAL alone is very toxic and extremely irritating to gastric mucosa when applied as 5% solutions (Cattell, 1942). Preliminary results further showed that BisBAL was not cytotoxic to neutrophils, even at 100x bacteriostatic concentrations.
Any trivalent bismuth salt can be used in the preparation of the composition, including BSS, CBS and bismuth nitrate Bi(NO3)3. It is preferable, however, to use bismuth nitrate. It is also possible to use dithiothreitol (DTT) or β-mercaptoethanol (βME) instead of BAL.
The following experiments show that the Bis-BAL composition can inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of bacteria, including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, as well as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
Nosocomial pathogens were employed to determine the range of BisBAL antimicrobial activity. The following bacteria were cultured in a standard broth medium, e.g., Mueller-Hinton II, overnight: Klebsiella pneumonia O1:K2 strain 52145, Non O1 Vibrio cholerae strain NRT36S, Salmonella enteritidis strain ATCC 14028, Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022, Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 27729, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli 0157:H7 (ATCC 35150), and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ATCC 43896. Anaerobes included Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 and Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 23745. Ten Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics were obtained from the Schering-Plough collection. Several clinical isolates of Providencia, Serratia, and Xanthomonas were tested; Proteus strains included P. vulgaris O:19, P. vulgaris ATCC 49990, P. mirabilis ATCC 49995, P. mirabilis ATCC 51286, and P. mirabilis ATCC 49565, Pseudomonas cepacia Isolates of H. pylori, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vanomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were also used. Reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Excherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 were provided for comparison. Pyoverdene mutants of P. aeruginosa, PAO6609 and K394 were employed. The following iron receptor mutants were used: E. coli H1443 (wt), E. coli H854 (fiu), E. coli C1087 (cir), E. coli C1072 (tonB), E. coli AB1515-and E. coli AB1515-1F (Fe2+ transport deficient). Multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) and sox mutants of E. coli were utilized and included strains MC4100 (wt), MC4100/p9 (Mar), MC4100 Tn9 Δ1738 and MC4100 Tn1Okan soxR201. These strains were maintained by subculture on agar medium containing ampicillin (50 μg/ml), kanamycin (20 μg/ml), or chloramphenicol (10 μg/ml) as needed. Vibrio cholerae strains included 395, 569, El tor Ogawa N16961, El tor Inaba P27459, 1837, 168019, and MO-10. Strains 1837, 168019 and MO-10 are known to have capsules. Bacteria were subcultured weekly on Blood or Nutrient agar plates.
A Mueller Hinton II broth (BBL Systems, USA) was the culture medium used in most susceptibility studies. A chemically-defined medium with excess glucose and limiting nitrogen (DW) was used to promote capsule production in K. pneumoniae cultures (Domenico, 1991). MacFarland standard suspensions (0.5) were prepared from mid-log phase starter cultures and further diluted 1:100 into test medium. Bacteria were placed in customized research cuvettes with chemotherapeutic agent, and loaded in the Advantage System (Abbott Laboratories, USA). Cultures were rocked slowly at 34.5� C. and monitored repeatedly at A670 nm. Inhibition was assessed by recording lag times before initiation of culture growth. Lag times were obtained from computer-generated growth curves. The 24 hour inhibitory concentration (IC24) was defined as the average antibiotic concentration (N≧3) that produced a culture lag time of 24�1 h. This data provided parametric parameters for statistical measurement (i.e., Student's t test). Some bacteria were analyzed for susceptibility by agar diffusion on blood or Mueller-Hinton agar plates, with adherence to NCCLS standards. Bactericidal activity (99.9% reduction in CFU/ml) of various mixtures of BisBAL was evaluated in liquid medium using E. coli ATCC25922. H. pylori susceptibility to BisBAL was tested on blood agar plates in Campy pouch bags (Becton Dickinson, Cockeysville, Md.) on Blood agar. Plates were incubated at 36� C. for 5 days. Susceptibility was also measured by agar dilution.
The culture medium component effects on BisBAL activity were assessed in chemically-defined medium by adding limiting or excessive amounts of each essential ingredient. Oxygen tension effects were determined by agar diffusion in aerobic, microaerophilic (Candle jar), and anaerobic (GasPak) conditions. Filter paper discs were impregnated with 157 μg Bi3+, 186 μg BAL or 157 μg/31 μg BisBAL (3:1 molar ratio). Other amounts and ratios were tested. Culture condition effects, such as pH or temperature were evaluated in broth mediums.
Aminoglycoside-resistant Psudomonas aeruginosa strains were tested, including both enzyme-inactivating and reduced permeability strains. Multiply-resistant (mar or sox) mutants of E. coli were tested, since such bacteria use efflux mechanisms to resist antibiotics. Several clinical isolates of Providencia, Serratia and Xanthomonas were examined for BisBAL sensitivity, since these bacteria tend to be resistant to chlorhexidine (CHX). Proteus also tends toward resistance to CHX. Pseudomonas cepacia was tested. This is one of the most resistant species.
BisBAL was found to be particularly effective against gram-positive organisms such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Even vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) were inhibited by BisBAL. Zone diameters of inhibition produced by agents against both antibiotic-resistant species after 24 h incubation at 37� C. are summarized in Table II.
TABLE II______________________________________Susceptibility of resistant Gram-positive bacteria to BisBAL Zones of Inhibition (mm) for:Bacterial Strain Bi(No3)3 BAL BisBAL(# of isolates) (157 μg) (186 μg) (157/31 μg)______________________________________MRSA (27) 7.3 � 2.8 ≦6.0 18.6 � 3.5VRE (10) 7.3 � 1.4 ≦6.0 9.7 � 0.8______________________________________
All strains of VRE and MRSA tested were inhibited by BisBAL, but were minimally inhibited by Bi(NO3)3 and not inhibited by BAL alone. MRSA were particularly sensitive, showing a further partial zone of inhibition of 27.9�2.5 mm. No partial zones were seen with VRE isolates.
In broth dilution studies, the staphylococci are most sensitive to BisBAL, with MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values for S. aureus typically around 1/0.33 μM, compared to 15/5 μM for VRE. Thus BisBAL may be useful against multiply resistant gram-positive bacteria of medical importance. In addition, BisBAL may help eradicate gram positive organisms colonizing for example, the nose, the skin, sinuses or the digestive tract.
Gram-negative bacteria were also found to be quite sensitive to BisBAL. All of the gut pathogens were uniformly sensitive. Using the 24 hour inhibitory concentration (IC24) as the endpoint, the following bacteria were grown in Mueller-Hinton II overnight: Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Yersinia enterocolitica, enterotoxigenic and enteroinvasive E. coli. E. coli and Salmonella grew well in the presence of 250-500 μM Bi3+, while V.cholerae, S.flexneri, and Y.enterocolitica could withstand up to 50 μM Bi3+. Neither the culture lag time nor the final culture turbidity at 18 hour was affected more than marginally by these Bi3+ concentrations. In stark contrast, Bi3+ at 12 μM (4.3 μg/ml) combined with 3 μM BAL(0.37 μg/ml) was completely inhibitory to all bacteria. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations for E.coli ATCC 25922 were similar (approx. 15 μM Bi3+ /5 μM BAL) . Multiply-resistant (mar or sox) mutants of E.coli were also equally sensitive to BisBAL. Other gram-negative aerobic bacilli, such as K. pneumoniae (IC24 =30/10 μM) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (IC24 =8/2.7 μM) also showed sensitivity to BisBAL. Of the 10 P. aeruginosa strains resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics, all were equally sensitive to BisBAL, regardless of whether they were aminoglycoside permeability or enzyme-inactivating mutants. Six strains of Proteus, two of Providencia and one Serratia strain also showed low sensitivity (≦30/10 μM). Seven Xanthomonas isolates were similarly sensitive. Seven strains of V. cholerae including ogawa and Inaba, were all sensitive below 15/5 μM BisBAL. A single clinical isolate of Pseudomonas cepacia was the only strain showing higher MICs (90/30 μM).
Anaerobes were also tested, with Actimomyces odontolyticus being inhibited at 22.5/45 μM, Clostridium spp. at 50/100 μM, and Bacteriodes spp. at 100/200 μM BisBAL. Helicobacter pylori shows sensitivity to BisBAL at 20/40 μM.
As the data clearly shows, all of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and anaerobic and aerobic bacteria tested were sensitive to BisBAL. It should be noted that the greater resistance against BisBAL which was found among Bacteriodes may be useful, since they are considered normal flora in the gut. In addition, BisBAL has been found to be particularly active against both staphylococci and P. aeruginosa, which is an unusual and very useful characteristic for an antibacterial agent.
Since bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract thrive under anaerobic conditions, the inhibitory potency of BisBAL in an anaerobic environment was determined. Six E.coli were tested by agar diffusion, using a BBL GasPakPlus Anaerobic system (Becton Dickinson, Cockeysville, Md.). The strains chosen were those which had been used in iron uptake studies, since bismuth antibacterial activity can be reversed by iron. The results are summarized in Table III.
TABLE III______________________________________Influence of Anaerobic Conditions on Bi/BAL Sensitivity Zone diameter (mm) for BisBAL:Bacteria +O2 -O2______________________________________E.coli AB1515-1 (wt) 12.6 11.0E.coli AB1515-1F (Fe2+) 15.0 11.8E.coli H1443 (wt) 11.8 10.0E.coli H854 (fiu) 11.4 10.0E.coli C1087 (cir) 11.9 11.4E.coli C1072 (tonB) 12.2 10.4______________________________________
The data show that there was only a 10-20% decrease in BisBAL activity under anaerobic conditions. Agar diffusion studies employing strict anaerobes Clostridium perfringens and Bacteriodes fragilis also suggest that BisBAL is minimally affected in the absence of O2 possibly due to reduced solubility. Ten clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori have also been tested in a microaerophilic atmosphere for sensitivity to BisBAL by agar diffusion. While Bi3+ (157 μg) or BAL (186 μg) alone produced little or no zones of inhibition, BisBAL (157/31 μg) typically produced zone diameters between 8 and 10 mm.
BisBAL is a powerful antimicrobial agent. In comparison to either Bi3+ or BAL alone, BisBAL activity is orders of magnitude more potent. With few exceptions, other bismuth compounds or BAL show MICs in the range of 1-10 mM, and are 100 to 1000-fold less potent than BisBAL. Other trivalent metals (e.g., Sb3+, Al3+, Ga3+, Cr3+, Ru3+, Fe3+, Sc3+, y3+) when chelated with BAL do not exhibit enhanced antibacterial activity.
It has also been shown that, in contrast to Bi3+, the antibacterial effects of BisBAL are independent of the iron concentration. The antibacterial effects of Bi3+ (or other trivalent metals) can be reversed by addition of micromolar amounts of iron to culture medium. However, even millimolar amounts of iron do not reverse or diminish the effects of BisBAL on bacteria. The lack of dependence of the BisBAL composition on iron concentration, as opposed to other bismuth compounds, is of therapeutic benefit in the lower GI tract where the conditions are anaerobic and iron is ample. BisBAL has been shown to have considerable effects on gut flora, while BSS alone does not have a significant growth-inhibiting effect on these bacteria. In particular, a single BisBAL dose reduced the production of fecal material by 60% in rats over a 24 hour period.
It has also been found that other cations, e.g., copper, silver and gold, do have a neutralizing effect on BisBAL activity. In particular, copper at 78 μM neutralized the inhibitory effects of 1x and 10x, but not 100x the MIC of BisBAL. Therefore, these antagonists could be used to neutralize BisBAL when necessary.
BisBAL is also able to markedly inhibit capsular polysaccharide (CPS) production. CPS is produced by many bacteria for protection against dessication and for camouflage against host defenses. As shown in FIG. 1, experiments were performed which showed that at 0.25 of the MIC for Klebsiella pneumoniae, BisBAL was able to inhibit 60% of the capsule expression and at less than one half of the MIC, BisBAL reduced the capsule expression by more than 80%, as determined by a chemical assay for sugars. In contrast, chlorhexidine (CHX), a topical agent useful as an antiseptic, a disinfectant and a preservative, had no significant effect on CPS expression even at 0.75 of the MIC. This reduction in capsule expression is important, since as the CPS surface coating is reduced, the bacteria become increasingly vulnerable to phagocytic uptake by white blood cells (WBC) in the presence of anti-capsular antiserum. It was also shown that at less than 0.5 of the MIC, the number of bacteria phagocytosed per 100 WBC increased from 19 without BisBAL treatment to more than 600 with BisBAL treatment. Although some other bismuth compounds have a similar effect on CPS expression and phagocytic uptake, a 100-fold higher concentration is required. Moreover, as discussed above, the addition of iron to culture media neutralizes the anti-CPS effect of Bi(NO3)3 or BSS, but does not effect that of BisBAL.
BisBAL was also shown to effectively inhibit biofilm organisms. In particular, BisBAL was shown to be as effective against bacteria in biofilms as it is on planktonic bacteria. No other known medication has this capacity.
BisBAL has strong adherence properties which should increase the safety and tolerance of the composition since BisBAL attaches firmly to tissue upon initial contact instead of flowing freely through the blood. In addition, these properties of BisBAL add to the bacterial persistence of the composition since the composition adheres tightly to the skin, the gut mucosa and other tissues, thereby providing protection for increased periods of time.
It should be understood that the BisBAL composition can be combined with other agents that improve its overall value or usefulness. In particular, additives, such as antioxidants, can be used with BisBAL to prolong shelf-life. Antioxidants such as tocopheral have been shown to be compatible with BisBAL. In addition, polycationic detergents, such as cetrimide or Zwittergent 3-14, could be added as these have been shown to improve the activity of the composition. BisBAL is 100-fold more resistant to neutralization by detergents (e.g., SDS, Tween 80) than is CHX, another membrane-active biocide. Therefore, it is easier to combine BisBAL with soaps and detergents. Furthermore, antibiotic mixtures, antifungal, antimycobacterial or antiviral agents which increase coverage or potency can be included, particularly those against H. pylori which are useful against ulcerative diseases of the GI tract. Finally, other compounds, such as alkali, buffering agents, H2 -blockers, or the like that increase pH in situ and improve solubility and carrier compounds miscible with BisBAL that change consistency or persistence can be included. It is also contemplated that since BAL has a disagreeable odor, other agents can be added to improve the taste or smell of the resulting product.
BisBAL is useful for inhibiting and preventing infection by a wide variety of infectious agents and pathogens. The composition can be provided orally, intraperitoneally, intramuscularly, subdermally, intravenously, and topically. It can be provided as a liquid, powder, tablet, or a capsule. It is also contemplated that the composition can be used to coat medical devices or implants, such as catheters, or concentrated in surgical scrubs. BisBAL can also be incorporated into soaps as an antibacterial agent, or used in deodorant/antiperspirants (feet or underarm use), mouthwashes, contact lens solution, cleaners, paints, food, and other perishable products. Moreover, BisBAL can be used to inhibit biofilm formation on industrial equipment, such as in pulp and paper manufacturing, in water towers, ventilators, air-conditioners, or incorporated in an antifouling mixture. BisBAL is useful for preventing or killing biofilm populations on various devices, in swimming pools, boats, and other surfaces subjected to humid conditions. Finally, it could also be employed as a preservative or antiseptic in cosmetics or personal care products.
Although the mechanisms of action of BisBAL are not fully understood, it is known that the activity of BisBAL can not be accounted for by increased solubility alone, since the highly soluble form (Bi3+ /BAL ratio=1:2) is not the most active moiety. Instead, a 100-fold less soluble species (ratio=3:1) is the most active form. In addition, other thiol-containing chelators, namely dimercapto-succinic acid (DMSA), 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (DMPS), and the amino acid cysteine, also solubilize bismuth as well or better than BAL, but they do not increase its antibacterial properties.
BisBAL has been characterized as amphipathic (amphiphilic) as well as polycationic. Compounds with such properties are typically membrane-active agents; i.e., they act primarily by disrupting bacterial membranes. Electron micrographs of E. coli treated with 100/33.3 μM BisBAL support these findings. BisBAL does not appear to enter the cell, but rather produces vacuoles, perhaps due to cytoplasmic leakage. An increase in extracellular pentose shortly after BisBAL treatment of E. coli also suggests the release of nucleic acid.
It is also thought that BisBAL may exert its effects by inactivating membrane enzymatic activity, particularly that of membrane ATPase, by thiol exchange of Bi3+. Capsule and slime expression is energy-intensive, and is virtually shut off by BisBAL at subinhibitory levels; likely a result of ATPase inhibition. Being nonessential, CPS production can be turned off before bacterial growth is affected. Such inhibition occurs at greater than 500 μM for Bi(NO3)3, but at 5 μM for BisBAL. As discussed above, the marked increase in potency can not be explained by the increased solubility in water. It is instead thought the novel structure of BisBAL promotes permeation into bacterial membranes. Penetration through the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria appears to be largely independent of porins and is not influenced by antibiotic efflux mechanisms. Rather, BisBAL penetrates the outer membrane similarly to CHX or polymyxin B; its polycationic amphiphilic structure promotes an attraction to the negatively-charged, amphiphilic outer membrane.
Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments thereof, many other variations and modifications and other uses will become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is preferred, therefore, that the present invention be limited not by the specific disclosure herein, but only by the appended claims.
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We about to visit the southern Urals where the national park Taganai is situated. In this particular case the word "southern" does not promise any hope, in January the temperature is lower than -30C (-22F) there and strong winds do not add any comfort.
This is the view of Bolshoi (Big) Taganai mountain.
People sometimes have to crawl to move somehow.


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Queens of the Stone Age performing at the Pageant.
It was a no-brainer that Queens of the Stone Age's show last night at the Pageant was sold out -- incredibly, it was the band's first St. Louis club show since September 2002. Although a no-frills 90 minutes, the set was exactly what fans expect (and crave) from QOTSA: eardrum-busting volume, sweet riffs and a steamrolling low-end. Click here to continue reading Annie Zaleski's review of Queens of the Stone Age at the Pageant, Tuesday, April 5. Photos by Todd Owyoung.


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The Alumni directory is composed of individuals who received their commission into the United States Army through ETSU Army ROTC. It is comprised of both officers who are still serving and those who have retired.
If you are an alumni of ETSU Army ROTC, please register or update your information.
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FBI seeking Southern California bank robber
Authorities are asking for the public's assistance in helping to find an unidentified Southern California bank robber known as the "Bare Arm Bandit."
The man, said to be about 25 years old, is suspected of robbing two banks in Orange County during the past two weeks, the FBI said Wednesday.
The man allegedly told bank tellers to "hurry" during the robberies.
He also motioned toward his waistband to possibly simulate a weapon, authorities said.
He wore sleeveless shirts and a baseball cap during the robberies. He is described as muscular, unshaven and about 6 feet tall.
He is suspected of robbing a Wells Fargo Bank location along the 1300 block of East 17th in Santa Ana on June 7 and a second Wells Fargo location along North Main Street in Santa Ana on June 16.
Anyone with information on the man's whereabouts is asked to contact the FBI or call 911 immediately.
The FBI can be reached 24 hours a day at 888-CANT HIDE (888-226-8443).
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Need Help? Call us at 1-877-710-6182.
Monday-Friday: 6am-3pm / Saturday: 6:30am-10:30am / Sunday: 7am-11am


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We apologize but we are unable to process online orders at this time as we are building a better PetSupermarket.com. To purchase any of our products, please visit one of our retail locations or visit our Amazon store here. You can find your nearest Pet Supermarket by using our Store Locator
Charlee Bear Liver Treats 16oz by Charlee Bear Products
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Normal medium sized treats contain up to 35 calories but Charlee Bear Liver treats have less than 3! These round bites are perfect for your pocket and make a perfect reward. Take them wherever you go for those "must have" moments when your buddy just has to have a treat. After all, he deserves it. Each 16 oz. resealable bag contains over 500 treats which measure one half inch wide and one quarter inch thick. These treats are a perfect fit for the Yuppy Puppy Treat Machine.


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Wind: 0 mph
To the Editor:
Reading your September 11 article on page 11 on Warren Tax rates made me laugh and then cry.
It says our tax rate is 48 percent lower. So how come I paid $2,631 last year and my bill this year is $3,491?
The article forgets to mention that our assessed rate has changed and is completely out of line. We at Drumleys were all assessed based on a price which is about 20 percent higher than any of our units ever sold for. All individual appeals were denied.
Please check into this and correct the reporting.
Helen and Chuck Weiss
NYC and Warren, VT
Editor's Note: The Valley Reporter contacted the Warren Listers' office via email seeking clarification on this letter and did not receive a response.


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UN Data API
The UN Data API project is an unofficial API version of the great data made available by the United Nations on the UNDATA site. The aim is to make this data accessible and reusable in a variety or ways so it can be easily mashed up and recombined into new applications or analysis. The service uses a straightforward REST API hosted on Google's Java AppEngine and makes UNDATA sets easily queryable from any application. Currently we have 62 datasets from the World Health organization on line and we will add more over time. The service is free to use and publicly accessible � you just need to sign up for an account to generate access keys. Standard accounts have some limits on usage but if you need more just contact us and we will arrange a higher limit.
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By Linda D. KozarynAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Nov. 3, 1999 About 1,600 U.S. service members serving in Bosnia are slated to return to the United States between December and April.
The NATO-led stabilization force of 30,000 international troops will be reduced by one-third by April 2000, Army Lt. Gen. Ronald Adams, SFOR commander, announced at a Nov. 2 press conference in Sarajevo. The American contingent of 6,200 personnel will be reduced to about 4,600, DoD officials here said.
The SFOR mandate will remain the same -- to provide a secure environment as laid out in the Dayton Peace Accord, Adams said. Reserve elements located outside Bosnia will be available to respond to any increased threats to stability, he added.
The scheduled troop cuts result from the latest review conducted by the North Atlantic Council and reflect the improved security situation in Bosnia, according to Adams. The council reviews force levels and tasks every six months to assess force requirements and mission accomplishments.
At present, the U.S. Army 10th Mountain Division (Light Infantry) of Fort Drum, N.Y., serves as the headquarters element of Multinational Division North. Some forces from Eagle Base near Tuzla and some from Camp Demi near Kladanj will return to the United States. Camp Demi is slated to close.
A brigade headquarters, some division headquarters elements and the majority of one infantry battalion from the 10th Mountain Division will redeploy earlier than previously scheduled, multinational division officials said in a press release.
Elements from the Army's 1st Infantry Division of Fort Riley, Kansas, and a number of Army Reserve and National Guard soldiers from around the nation will also return early, officials said. Russian, Nordic, Polish and Turkish forces in the northern sector will also be restructured.
Though smaller, the multinational division will remain a robust, responsive force capable of effectively handling any threat to peace, stability and progress, its commander, U.S. Army Maj. Gen. James L. Campbell, said in a press release.
Last week, the Army announced that three of the next six SFOR rotations will be commanded by Army National Guard divisions. The next U.S. rotation to Bosnia in March will be headed by the 49th Armored Division, Texas National Guard. Virginia's 29th Infantry Division will command Multinational Division (North) in October 2001, followed by Pennsylvania's 28th Infantry Division in October 2002.
The peak U.S. deployment to Bosnia of about 20,000 troops occurred in December 1995 with the activation of the NATO's peace implementation force, or IFOR. U.S. involvement fell to 8,500 troops with the establishment of the NATO stabilization force in December 1996. When SFOR downsized in June 1998, the U.S. contingent dropped to its current level.


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Spencer Armstrong
2007 (Junior) - Appeared in eight games ... missed first five games of season recovering from hamstring injury suffered in preseason fall practices ... deep threat at receiver, leading team with 22.7 average yards per catch ... did not make first reception until the Army game ... had two catches for 56 yards, including a 48-yard touchdown reception vs. Army ... one catch for 12 yards against Notre Dame ... also rushed twice for 20 yards on the season ... had an eight-yard rushing touchdown against Notre Dame.
2006 (Sophomore) - Played in 11 games, starting against Notre Dame in a double-receiver set ... third on the team in receiving with 11 catches for 178 yards ... averaged 16.2 yards per catch ... 11 catches for 178 yards on the year ... first-career catch came at Tennessee, good for 24 yards to set up a game-tying touchdown late in the fourth quarter ... career-best two catches vs. Navy and Colorado State ... two catches for 29 yards and his first-career touchdown vs. Colorado State ... career-best 36 yards receiving vs. Army, scoring on a 36-yard TD reception ... one catch for 34 yards vs. UNLV ... missed the BYU game due to injury ... ended the season with a two-game reception streak.
2005 (Freshman) - Played on the junior varsity team at wide receiver ... dressed for all home varsity games and played two plays in the UNLV game but did not have any stats.
High School - Lettered three years in football and track and two in basketball ... first-team all-Southern Nevada and all-Henderson in football as a senior ... football team MVP at wing back and safety ... second-team all-conference as a senior in basketball ... was third in the state in the long jump and the 4x400 relay ... football coach was Doug Thornhill.
Personal - Parents are Roy and Amanda Armstrong ... has two siblings, Nick (24) and Sydney (16) ... birth date is June 2, 1986 ... father is an officer in the Canadian Army .. major is management ... member of Cadet Squadron 40 ... attended the USAFA Prep School and played wide receiver on the football team ... long term goal is to work on Wall Street ... completed Operation Air Force in the summer of 2007 at Mildenhall AB, England ... also a basic cadet training cadre that summer ... went to Mountain Home AFB, Idaho, on Operation Air Force this past summer ... is an element leader in his squadron ... was born in Toronto, Ontario ... hobby is his 1987 Mustang GT named "Sally" ... favorite food is sushi ... favorite book is The Catcher In The Rye ... favorite TV show is House ... favorite movie is Blow ... before games, listens to The Shins, Phil Collins, The Used and Jay Z ... what he likes most about AFA football is the brotherhood ... favorite NFL team is the Buffalo Bills.
Career Receiving Statistics Year G # Yds Avg TD LG 2007 8 3 68 22.7 1 48 (Army) 2006 11 11 178 16.2 2 36 (Army) Totals 19 14 246 17.6 3


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Garden Route National Park (GRNP) is now only months away, says South African National Parks (SANParks).
According to ABC-of-Hiking.com, there are only three other places in the world where residents live inside the borders of a nationally-recognized park: Italy, Canada, and the USA. This makes the new Garden Route National Park the first of its kind on the African continent.


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Is it just us or does everyone think that Uma Thurman would be a totally kickass mom? Yes, we know that's reel and real life getting their wires crossed, but can't help it! We were so happy for Uma when she gave birth to her third child — a daughter — three months ago. The actress already has two children with ex-husband, Ethan Hawke, named Maya (13) and Levon (10.) Baby no. three is with fiancee, Arpad Busson, and came as an absolute surprise, apparently, as US Weekly then reported that, "Uma was definitely not planning on having another kid. It was a surprise, but she's over the moon about it, very excited." Uma is also step-mom to Arpads's two kids with his famous ex, supermodel, Elle MacPherson. Talk about cross-pollination, Hollywood style! Anywhoo, it's been three months and we haven't heard any updates about their new baby girl and we've been curious about her name. Let's just say that the wait has been worth it. Really, really worth it. Their daughter's full, badass name is … take a deep breath … Rosalind Arusha Arkadina Altalune Florence Thurman-Busson. This isn't a joke. That's really her name, as confirmed by Uma's spokesperson who has said, "I would like to announce Uma and Arki's daughter's name for the first time officially:, better known to family and friends as Luna. Each name has a special reason and meaning to her mother and father." We're just going to say it: there's no way in hell any of the parents or their kid is going to remember that. That is one … special name.
[Photo: Splash News Online]
Related: Uma Thurman Gives Birth…Again!


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A memorable tune keeps rolling by
For much of Thursday and Friday, I couldn't get lyrics from the folk anthem "Freight Train" out of my head.
You know that feeling – a song connects to your brain for some reason, and it then loops continuously, interrupting other thoughts whether profound or banal and forcing you to mentally re-listen.
I blame my colleague Cliff Bellamy, whose desk is scant feet from mine, and "The State of Things" host Frank Stasio for this.
Bellamy wrote for Friday's front page about the dedication, which occurred Saturday, of a historical marker honoring Elizabeth "Libba" Cotten, a Carrboro native who figured heavily in the folk music revival of the 1950s and '60s. Stasio discussed Cotten's life and impact on his show Wednesday with Glenn Hinson, a professor of anthropology and folklore at the University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill.
Her best-known song was "Freight Train," written, as Art Menius told Bellamy, when she was 12. Menius said she was, as Bellamy wrote, "inspired by the trains that still cross the tracks through downtown Carrboro."
There is a haunting sadness to those lyrics, but they are an ode to the tremendous sense of place that southerners understand so well:
"When I die, Lorde, bury me deep
Way down on old Chestnut street
Then I can hear old Number 9
As she comes rolling by."
A confession is in order, one that speaks to the takeover of indigenous folk music, much of it with African American roots, by white performers who led the folk revivial.
Until I looked up the lyrics Friday morning, I had forgotten, if I were ever aware, that Cotton's original composition referred to "old Chestnut street," – a street, by the way, that I can't find on any current Carrboro map, so perhaps it was there for the meter. She grew up on Lloyd Street, near the tracks.
The lyrics running through my head are from the Peter, Paul and Mary version on their 1963 "In the Wind" album. They altered the lyrics in several places, and on that relevant line, they pegged it to Greenwich Village in New York, a center of the folk revival. In their version it was
"When I die please bury me deep
Down at the end of Bleecker Street."
This is a big weekend for roots music in the area. The 16th annual Carrboro Music Festival began Saturday and continues today, in conjunction with the N. C. Folklife Festival. The dedication of the Elizabeth Cotton highway marker was part of that event.
And Raleigh has been awash in bluegrass music with the International Bluegrass Music Association's convention and awards show in town. (Coincidentally for me, the show started as the World of Bluegrass in Owensboro, Ky., in the 1980s, and I was at the paper there for its last couple of years before it decamped to Louisville, then to Nashville. This is the first year in Raleigh).
I was growing up during the folk music revival, but confess to not being much of a fan in the early days. Only a couple of iconoclastic high-school classmates immediately took to the work of artists such as Joan Baez and Bob Dylan, but my fandom came later.
Over the years, I've come to truly appreciate the roots-music genres of folk, bluegrass and country – especially earlier country, with its raw honesty and introspective look at life's hard knocks and challenges.
So it was especially rewarding to be reminded of the ties this area has to those traditions – artists too little recognized like Elizabeth Cotton high among them.
Bob Ashley is editor of The Herald-Sun. You can reach him at 919-419-6678 or email@example.com.


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Carlie Reyes, at left, throws a snowball at Erica Reyes in their backyard at the 1000 block of Fourth Street.
Snow Day_0155
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Beautifully Crafted Cribs and Cots From New Zealand, Now Available Directly in the UK.
Cariboo of New Zealand is based in rural North Canterbury, under the spectacular Southern Alp mountain range in the South Island of New Zealand. All Cariboo products are made in New Zealand at Cariboo's North Canterbury workshop.
Surrounded by fresh air and clear skies, and with our stunning Alpine backdrop, we hand-craft distinctive nursery products for children which are shipped all over the world. The Cariboo range is a skillfully designed, flexible modular system of furniture essentials that can be customised with accessories and a variety of finishes, fabrics and capabilities to suit each family's lifestyle.
Choose your pieces of nursery furniture and accessories to create a unique nursery suite for your child. Items can be mixed and matched. You can customise and lay out your nursery in the way that works best for you, your baby and your budget.
All Cariboo nursery furniture has been finished to an exacting high quality. This includes smooth rounded feet and edges, ensuring your floor is undamaged when your nursery furniture is moved.
This webstore is operated by World Wide Access UK Limited which proudly offers Cariboo products in the UK and Europe.


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Two historians write opinions on the relevance of studying history and the Egyptian monarch's ouster in Austin American-Statesman newspaper
Professor Joan Neuberger writes about the importance of history for understanding the present and Associate Professor Yoav Di-Capua about looking at the recent literature from the region to shed light on the youth's seemingly surprise eruption in Tehrir Square.
Posted: February 14, 2011
2010 partial map of Egypt from the Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection of the UT Libraries System; map was produced by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency
Professor Joan Neuberger gives examples for thinking about historical revolutions to evaluate what's going on in Egypt using the Russian revolution of 1917 as one example that her colleagues and students are using to draw parallels to.
Closer to home, she looks back at past budget crises to put the current Texas budget crisis in perspective. Neuberger cites three recent historical films and the nuanced ways historical films encourage us to think historically about current values and behavior as well.
Neuberger is the editor of the Department of History's recently launched Not Even Past website (January 2011) which taps professors and graduate students from the university to write articles, create podcasts, videos and more about history. Neuberger teaches courses on modern Russian history, nineteenth-century Europe, film, and visual culture.
Read the rest of Neuberger's article in the Austin American-Statesman...
Di-Capua points to Egypt's own democratic experiment with a multiparty system dating back to 1923-52 as a possible direction that Egyptians will use to forge their new government.
No matter what other revolutionary analogy one chooses to reexamine for possibilities for the future, "We are at the doorstep of a major regional reshuffling in which everything, including the American position in the Middle East, the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, the nature and attitude of local regimes — as well as the regional response to Iran's nuclear project — is up for reconsideration," he writes.
Di-Capua teaches courses on modern Egypt, Middle Eastern studies, and modern Arab and Islamic texts. He has established a Histories of the Modern Middle-East website with the assistance from The University of Texas's Information Technology Systems Instructional Technology Services.
Read the rest of Di-Capua's article in the Austin American-Statesman...
Related Links:
Professor Joan Neuberger
Associate Professor Yoav Di-Capua


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Mental Canvas is developing a breakthrough technology that defines a new digital graphical media that fills the gap between 2D drawings and 3D models.
The core technology, originally developed at Yale University by a research team led by Professor Julie Dorsey, is the basis for a suite of commercial applications. The company is currently building partnerships with major design, advertising, and media firms, publishers, and tablet manufacturers. Mental Canvas is backed by a private, family investment office and highly competitive National Science Foundation Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Awards, which fund "transformational technology with high technical risk and potential for significant societal or commercial impact." The company is located in the SoHo neighborhood of New York City and along the Connecticut Shoreline.
We're a very early stage startup, but well-funded and looking for the next influx of key personnel. This is an opportunity to have a huge impact on the direction and success of the company.UI/UX Developer
UI/UX developer to make the experience of authoring and interacting with a new tablet-based graphical media type simple and intuitive.
Tell us about yourself at email@example.com to get the conversation started.Graphics Software Engineer(s)
Mental Canvas is looking for experienced developers to help advance our unique vision of drawing in the digital age.
Tell us about yourself at firstname.lastname@example.com to get the conversation started.


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Tigers SS Iglesias leaves game with shin splints
Detroit Tigers shortstop Jose Iglesias left Wednesday night's game against the Boston Red Sox with pain in both shins.
Iglesias left in the bottom of the fifth inning with what the team said was bilateral shin splints.
Iglesias had been a prized prospect in the Red Sox system when he was sent to the Tigers at the trading deadline in a three-team deal that brought Jake Peavy to Boston. Iglesias was batting .319 with 100 hits in 94 games so far this season.
It was not clear how Iglesias was injured, though he did have to jump out of the way to complete a 1-6-3 double play in the third inning.


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You're almost to the office and realize you left your presentation on the laptop at home and have no choice but to turn around. You end up 15 minutes late and without coffee for the boss since you entered the task into Outlook but nowhere else. If the above scenarios don't sound like fun, there are a number of available tools to help sync your life. When you update something on one device, it will automatically change everywhere else. You'll always have the most current to-do list and web bookmarks, and all your important files will always be in the palm of your hand. Once you get started syncing your life, you'll wonder how you survived before.
What if you want to review your meeting notes at home and left your legal pad at work? Or you get to the grocery store and know that there were five things to buy, but you can remember only three? Simplenote is a note-taking application that can digitize all these separate lists and sync them across all your devices, so you'll never be without an important piece of information. Simplenote has clients for every major platform: Android, iOS, Linux, Mac OS X, Windows and Windows Phone 7. There are Simplenote plugins for Microsoft Outlook, Internet browsers and even VIM.
Good round-up. I would consider LastPass as a user-friendly alternative to KeePass for when you just want to be able to auto-fill your username and password on the myriad Web sites, both personal and professional, that we need to log into in our daily lives.
I was very impressed, as an IT enthusiast, that SimpleNote had a VIM plugin.
I did some research about a year and a half ago into online task managers, and Toodledo came out on top for me (tags, folders, due dates, etc.), but I had to find an Android client that integrates with it.
Cruel Joke? Quote: "Simplenote has clients for every major platform: Android, …" No matter how you search for it, it's not there! Perhaps, it's coming; but your announcement seems very premature indeed! Your lofty description should be amended in fairness to LT readers who, like myself, spent time searching only to be disappointed.


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Social Care Recruitment as it should be done!
Hillrich is an organisation that prides itself on being people experts. A bold claim we know, but one we fully stand by and say with great confidence.
Without wanting to sound like traffickers, people are our product and we will connect the right person to the right company.
Working with hillrichcare is simple. No bull is given or expected back in return. We're straight, get to the point quickly and won't just say what you want to hear, whether you are an employer or a candidate.
If this way of working is not for you, then neither is hillrichcare.
You will not find any stock images of random nurses, happy residents or non-existent homes on this website.
Uploading your CV allows you to do all this stuff.Upload Now ›
E: firstname.lastname@example.com
1 Permanent Position: £21k - £28k 1 Temporary P...Learn more ›
Hillrich are currently recruiting for temporary and long ter...Learn more ›
RGN's, ODPs, Theatre & Scrub Nurses &n...Learn more ›
Hillrich needs YOU! Is your passion working with Olde...Learn more ›


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Description: bisexual hunk gets fucked
Duration: 01:44
Views: 97423
Date: 67 months ago
Tags: Hardcore
Uploader: onthehunt
Anonymous - 34 months ago The dark haired married stud was quite intense. That was quite an encounter. 1 0 Reply
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Cast: Laila Mehdin, Suriya (actor), Rajkiran, Saravanan (actor)
Producer: Venky Narayanan, Rajan Radhakrishnan, Ganesh Raghu, Karthik Radhakrishnan
Director: Bala (director)
Writer: Bala, Bala (director)
Release Date: 14 November,2001
Storyline: Nandha is a 2001 indian tamil drama film written and directed by bala, starring suriya and laila in the leading roles, while rajkiran, saravanan and rajshree play other supporting roles. the film also marked the debut of comedian karunas, whilst its music was scored by yuvan shankar raja and cinematography handled by r. rathnavelu. the film released on 14 november 2001 and received critical acclaim. Read on Wikipedia
Nandha : Videos
Nandha : Cast
Cast overview


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Monthly Archive for December, 2006
DEEEE-fense: Rockets 94, Hawks 68
Since Yao went down and the mourning Rockets, in his honor, refused to play any second-half defense whatsover against the Clippers, they have now yielded 81, 71 and 68 points in the last three games. JVG's tirade ("What we did out there in the second half, playing absolutely no defense, is inexcusable. I couldn't have […] [Read More]
Wake me when it's over
They've got the 10-run rule in Little League. They need something similar for NBA games like these. But the Rockets' crack stats crew just passed out some quick notes, so I'll share them with you, sans analysis or clever quips. But pay attention. There will be a pop quiz later. 1. McGrady's 26 points in […] [Read More]
Fat lady time
It's Rockets 75, Hawks 46 through three quarters. And to think I was worried about them losing to these eternal tweety birds. But, on a more somber note, Chuck Hayes is 0-for-4 from the free-throw line. Nothing free about it for him, is there? And to think he had been improving from the line of […] [Read More]
Thumbs up
It appears T-Mac is OK. The thumb hurts, but he's not playing because, for the moment, he's not needed. It's the Rockets by 24 with about a minute and a half left in the third quarter. Juwan Howard has 11 points in the quarter and 12 rebounds for the game. Mutombo has 14 boards but […] [Read More]
Bad news
T-Mac gets hammered by Solomon Jones and doubles over, clutching his left thumb and grimacing. He then misses both his free throws. We don't need to see this. McGrady goes to the bench, where Keith Jones is applying tape and adminstering soothing words. We'll keep you posted. Jessica Kourkounis: For the Chronicle Dikembe Mutombo isn't […] [Read More]
Kingwood trails heading into fourth
DeMatha 42, Kingwood 34, End of 3rd Quarter. The Mustangs couldn't get anything going offensively in the third on the athletic DeMatha defense. The Stags were all over the place making it difficult for Kingwood to get good shots off. To boot, Mike Singletary and Brian Heis each picked up their fourth fouls in the […] [Read More]
Dikembe's on the board!
A pretty alley-oop to Mutombo produced an easy layup for a 22-point Rockets lead. The feeder? Juwan Howard. He's having a nice, tidy game. It's exactly these kind of peripheral efforts that can carry the Rockets through the Yao-less period with minimal damage being done to their postseason aspirations. [Read More]
Re the earlier non-basketball-related observation, I think I just spied a tattoo on a certain blonde person. Feigen loaned me his cheaters [Read More]
Knee-jerk halftime analysis
As exciting as it is to see T-Mac (26 points of 11-for-15 shooting) grooving again – somebody please send that back doc in Waco a bunch of free tickets – it's a tad disconcerting to see how little everybody else is contributing tonight. The other four starters have 12 points among them and eight of […] [Read More]
Halftime at Campbell Center
DeMatha 32, Kingwood 27. The Stags opened up a nine point lead at the start of the second quarter but Kingwood's Trevin Harris and Nick James hit a pair of threes to key a 9-0 run to tie the ballgame up. Princeton commit Jeff Peterson helped the Stags race back out to a five-point lead […] [Read More]
Show More


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Definitions for =$word?>
Overview of noun ousting
The noun ousting has 1 senses? (no senses from tagged texts)
1. ouster, ousting
(the act of ejecting someone or forcing them out)
Overview of verb oust
The verb oust has 2 senses? (first 1 from tagged texts)
1. (4) oust, throw out, drum out, boot out, kick out, expel
(remove from a position or office; "The chairman was ousted after he misappropriated funds")
2. oust
(remove and replace; "The word processor has ousted the typewriter")


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Rosen Faculty Lines
Vol. 4, no. 2 | June 2012
"Like" our Facebook page!
Show your support for the Rosen Library by "liking" our new Facebook page. We will be promoting the page more widely in the coming months, and we'd love to have some faculty and staff supporters on board from the get-go! Check it out at: http://www.facebook.com/rosenlibrary
Tutorials & Classes
Does your class have a research component requiring students to utilize books, journal articles, and other scholarly sources? If so, we hope you will consider using a Rosen Library research Tutorial or a face-to-face library instruction session. Just fill out our Library Instruction Request Form or email us and we'll be in touch shortly. Or simply stop by and let us know your plans.
Please note that we request that all instruction and tutorial requests be submitted prior to the start of classes. This allows us time to plan accordingly, and it also allows you time to add the information to your syllabus.
Reserve Materials
Please contact us as soon as possible if you would like to put materials on (print or electronic) reserve for your Summer B course(s).
New Streaming Videos and DVDs
We have significantly increased our audiovisual offerings in recent months. Take a look at the online listings below, or stop by and browse through our offerings in person: you're sure to find something appropriate for use in your upcoming summer or fall courses.
Public Services Librarian Kelly Robinson has created a new guide that highlights all of the Rosen Library's video offerings — including DVD, VHS, and streaming video options. We recently acquired a number of new streaming video titles through our FMG Films on Demand database: these titles are categorized on the new guide, and instructions are provided to help you get started with using them. Without further ado, pleace check out the Rosen Video Collection guide, and let us know what you think!
Kelly also completely updated our DVD & VHS Title List, which categorizes our DVD & VHS offerings. This list also now has clickable links that you can use to access the full catalog record for any title.
Both listings incorporate all of our new DVD titles, including those that were recently purchased with the funds from Rosen Administration and from the Rosen Department of Foodservice & Lodging Management.
New Books, too!
Kelly also recently updated our New Items guide, which highlights new books and DVDs received in different subject areas. Each entry includes a cover image, a short description, and a link to the online catalog for more information. Just use the tabs near the top of the page to navigate among the subjects.
Have a comment or suggestion about Faculty Lines or about any other aspect of library services? Please don't hesitate to comment here (by clicking on the Comments link below), to email us at firstname.lastname@example.com, or to stop by and share your thoughts in person.


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Please fill in the fields below to report a problem with this event. Our staff
will review the information and make whatever changes are necessary.
Event in question:
The Book Of Merman on
3/20/2013 at
Pittsburgh Opera Building
Your name:
Your e-mail address:
Description of problem:
Enter the characters exactly how theyappear. Letters are case-sensitive. What is this?


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2 Bedroom Embarcadero Condo on Yaquina Bay
2 Bedroom Embarcadero Condo with Good Rental History.
Prospective Renters: Please read "Terms and Conditions" listed under "Monthly Rentals" tab on this website. Buyers/Sellers: Please read the " Oregon Agency Disclosure" and the "Oregon Buyer Advisory" under the "Real Estate Sales" tab of this website.
Tel: 541-265-6638 | Email: firstname.lastname@example.com | Website: www.dolphinrealtynewport.com


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In Your Area!
|Featured Events
No billboard events currently available.
JANUARY 3, 2009 COPUS announces that the Year of Science 2009 official launch event will take place in Boston on January 3, 2009, in conjunction with the annual meeting of the Society of Integrative and Comparative Biology and the Boston regional hub. Ira Flatow, host of of Science Friday, opens the meeting with a presentation at 6:30 p.m.
JANUARY 5, 2009 The launch celebration continues with:
12:00 noon - Launch of the Understanding Science Web site with Ken Miller and Natalie Kuldell
1:00 PM-3:00 PM "Communicating Science in Year of Science 2009: Science Blogging, Science Cafés, and Science Festivals"
"Off the Page: Blogging About Science" with Carl Zimmer
"A Scientist Walks Into a Bar: Reaching New Audiences With Science Cafes" with Ben Wiehe
"Celebrating science and technology in the community: the Cambridge Science Festival" with John Durant
6:30PM - 7:30PM Sean Carroll
Email: Phone: 941-923-6320
Website: Click to Visit
Browse Events at this Location
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Connect 5 is the rapid communication system that we use to reach our parents/guardians. Vital messages and alerts can be sent to your phone immediately. We have the ability to send the message or alert from each of our schools or from our central office.
It is vital that we have the "BEST" phone number on our Connect 5 file. At this point we have the phone number that you provided at registration. This page is designed to give you the opportunity to change that phone number. You can do as many as 3 children on this form. If you have more than 3 children in our school system, you can send this document, log out, log back in and do another form.
The information that you submit will be verified before the change is made.


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In perthshire, golf is never in the way of a good walk. At Wellwood House, we welcome many golfers to stay in our B&B as they visit nearby Pitlochry golf courses and those further afield.
Here's a list of some of the golf courses our guests visit.
A favourite with Wellwood visitors and a 15 minute walk away, Pitlochry golf course offers stunning views of Loch tummel valley. A 18 hole and 69 par course, there's also a lovely club house which offers lunches and refreshments looking over the course. Residents of Wellwood House enjoy a discount on food and green fees. Phone us to find out more.
Website: Piltochry Golf Course
A short distance from Pitlochry, Blair Atholl golf course offers a mixture of par 3, 4 and 5 holes in a beautiful surrounding. This 9 hole golf course epitomises the traditional Scottish "village" course and features some local stonework with recent additions of ponds.
Website: Blair Atholl Golf Course
Established in 1909 by the last laird of the Steuarts of Ballechin, this Perthsire golf course is in between Ballinluig and Aberfeldy. Unspoilt scenery, this golf course is a testament to the local love of golf, a "quirky" 9 hole short course, visitors to the area like the course for its unassuming appeal, the possibility of seeing some great wildlife and the challenges of the course. For more information it's well worth visiting Strathay Golf Club's website – If you have the time the section on the history gives a lovely flavor of the course before you visit.
Website: Strathay Golf Club
This 18 hole golf course runs both sides of the River Tay. Founded in 1895 the golf course has enough challenges for the experienced golfer (water hazards anyone?) but it's scenic flatland layout makes it ideal for those who enjoy less trenuous golfing.
Website: Aberfeldy Golf Club
If you are interested in a golfing holiday in the Pitlochry area, let us know your party numbers and preferences and we can help you put a package together for groups of 4 or more.
Wellwood House, West Moulin Road, Pitlochry, PH16 5EA
Scotland br>
Tel: +44 (0) 1796 474288


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Buy with confidence
- Money-back Guarantee
- Free shipping on orders $99 and up
- Superb Customer Service
More from Dr. Hauschka
Dr. Hauschka Cleansing Cream
Dr. Hauschka Facial Toner
This ultra-rich moisturizer features almond oil blended with extracts of soothing St. John's wort and balancing anthyllis to smooth and fortify dry, sensitive skin. Quince and marsh mallow balance moisture content, leaving skin soft to the touch. Provides intensive, nurturing care for dry, sensitive skin Quince seed extract soothes and hydrates, supporting the natural moisture of the skin Jojoba oil protects, smoothes and fortifies skin, helping to prevent moisture loss throughout the day Sunflower oil offers replenishing, calming and soothing properties Olive oil has an excellent fatty acid composition which nourishes and cares for the skin


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Well, almost wordless . . .
Meet the Taylor Siblings – Elgin, Jon, and Me! Yeah, I was being cantankerous as a little sister could be in this one – LOL!
This photo was taken by our father, May 1961, on the front lawn of our first home which was located at 4314 Stonewall Street, in the Greater 5th Ward area of Houston, TX.
Where we're siting in this photo, and the whole side of our street, is exactly where the Fifth Ward Church of Christ is located today!


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We are regarded as the supreme manufacturer and exporter of an innovative range of Hardening Equipment. These equipments assist in hardening various machine parts like rolls, shaft journals, ball joints, gear teeth, clutch dogs and valve seats by offering constant heat. Our Hardening Equipment is designed under the guidance of skilled professionals by using optimum quality materials, in compliance with international quality of standards and norms. Our clients can avail these equipments from us at a nominal price.
Offering Hardening Equipment at reasonable price. Amongst the many hundreds of production jobs for which induction heating is regularly used, some are mentioned in the following:
Product Code : 15
Dear User, Please use the drop downs below to locate your city by first selecting the country and then the state. If you still can not find your city in the list, please CLICK HERE to submit a request for inclusion of your city.
While your city gets added to our database after appropriate verifications, you
can select some city nearby, which exists in our suggestions list and
can change to your own city, as and when it is added to our suggestions


text:
In The Loop
Global Perspective, Local Approach on Politics & Policy by Mustafa Tameez
Posts filtered on Tag
Prop 3 Texas – So We Can Explore Outer Space Privately
Many constitutional amendments will be on the ballot this November but one of the most important is Proposition 3. Proposition 3 deals with a Freeport tax exemption for the Texas aircraft and aerospace industry. Currently all commercial property brought through Texas is subject to a tax after 175 days. This property includes crucial industry components […] [Read More]


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Who wants to spend hours every week cleaning house? No one wants to live in a messy environment every day as well. Buying a vacuum cleaning system can be a great move to tackle the dust in your home. Even if you are frustrated that your lackluster machine is not doing the trick quickly and effectively, you can select from newer vacuums that are more powerful and efficient. You can even find replacement parts for your older vacuums so you can get them running to their optimal performance levels soon. It is recommended that you choose a vacuum based on your cleaning frequency, the style that suits your vacuuming needs, and any special features that you are seeking. Studies have proved that living in a clean home can reduce stress levels considerably. Buy vacuums online and tackle the dirt in your home effectively.
Uprights, canisters, small stick vac or central vacuums, the choice is yours. Uprights have more maneuverability than canisters, spinning brushes make great accessories for carpet cleaning, cordless vacs are great for cleaning but can they last through your vacuuming time? For answers to all these questions and also buying guides for vacuums so you can find the best vacuum cleaner, visit GoVacuum.com. We stock a wide range of vacuums to satisfy everyones cleaning needs. Enjoy great savings on already low warehouse prices, not just that we offer free shipping on all our products. You can even find Product Diagrams for all the popular brands so you can understand the parts and the way they function before choosing vacuums for your home or office.
Ghibli 52175 Vacuum Cleaner Bags for AS5 Dry Models, Part 15961210001$22.00Ghibli 52175 Vacuum Cleaner Bags for AS5 Dry Models, Part 15961210001 Learn More
Haan SI-35R Floor Sanitizer, Red$140.34DESCRIPTION: Haan SI-35R Floor Sanitizer - Red Ultra sleek and stylish, the Haan SI-35R goes where most steam cleaners dare try. With its low profile steam head, the SI-35R easily reaches under appliances and cabinets for thoroughly steam-cleaned floors - in every corner and crevice. Featuring the remarkable engineering of HAAN, the SI-35R uses steam in excess of 212-degree F to clean and kill 99.9-percent of germs without chemicals, for a natural approach to a clean, healthy home. Includes carpet glide and two microfiber pads. Learn More
HAAN SI-40 Sanitizing Steam Mop$120.00HAAN SI-40 Sanitizing Steam Mop Learn More
Haan SI-35 Slim and Light Steam Cleaning Floor Sanitizer$129.95Haan SI-35 Slim and Light Steam Cleaning Floor Sanitizer Learn More
Shark Navigator Lift-Away NV352 Vacuum$179.99Shark Navigator Lift-Away NV352 Vacuum features a bagless, lightweight, and upright design. The Navigator offers great filtration and is backed by the manufacturer's 5 year warranty. Free Shipping to the US (excludes Alaska and Hawaii). Learn More
Shark Rotator Professional (NV400)$229.00Shark Rotator Professional (NV400) Learn More
12 Genuine Riccar C15 Bags for 8000 Models$18.9912 Genuine Riccar C15 Bags for 8000 Models Learn More
Results 1 - 7 of 7


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Well, Ash's birthday was fun, to say the least. It involved Dustin driving scary and freaking me out in the car, taking mass amounts of pictures, throwing Ash's boot on the floor of the restaurant (we are so childish), meeting random people and lots more. Dustin and I actually both managed to not drink a lot, which was nice, but I was still majorly dehydrated the next morning. Go figure. I've never been that much of a drinker anyway but it's funny how much alcohol affects me these days. Maybe I'm just getting old? Oh by the way, I totally got carded at the restaurant, which was amazing. I LIKE getting cared. Because I don't that often anymore and that just makes me feel old. I'm only 26! You should definitely still be carding me. So there.
Sunday was the Christmas movies marathon. I was so tired. BUT. Dustin found my FAVORITE cookies at the grocery store! They're Keebler's Jingle cookies and I love them. My mom used to get them all the time around Christmas when I was little and they are SO good. Over the last few years, though, I've had a hard time finding them. Dustin went to get a frozen pizza to go with our movies and found them. Love. So now I have my beloved cookies. Oh. And I'm not sharing. If you want some go get your own box. I love my cookies far too much to share. I know. Anyway, so we watched Christmas movies and then I was lame and retired to the bedroom at, like, 5 PM. Which was totally fine for me because I had to go to sleep EARLY. Yikes.
Why was I asleep early? Well my boss, Danielle, had to go to a funeral yesterday and couldn't work. So I ended up going from an 11 to 5:30 shift to an 8 to 5:30 shift. Yikes. And that was drama in itself. We were short staffed because it snowed and our DM (district manager) decided we didn't need one of our people. And then it got crazy busy. I did the deposit and the bank (that's Wells Fargo, I hate them) decided not to see my money order so I had $1 bills flying all over the parking lot. It was busy all day and I made so many $2 mochas I wanted to cry. And I was just cranky in general. Yikes.
ANYWAY! I now have two whole days off which is AWESOME. Because I took some of Danielle's hours yesterday she took my open for tomorrow. Yay to that! I need need NEED to finish my Christmas shopping. One of the gifts I ordered online still has not showed up (ordered it on November 25th) so I don't know about that. I've been dealing with this woman who works for the company and she's not easy to work with. I'll be writing a bad review of them soon. I also STILL do not know what to get my grandma. She's so hard to shop for. Any ideas. And I've got one more small thing left for Dustin.
So that's that! I honestly think I'm just going to be VERY lazy today, sit around reading and watching TV and cuddling with this guy:
More soon!!


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Jenson Button heads McLaren 1-2 in opening practice at Hockenheim, but rain continues to dog F1.
THERE! Button beat hamilton!
Notable updates seemed to have helped the silver cars.
It was wet, times aren't representative
hope raining in race..more fun
It probably will. I mean what are the odds of dry races in England AND Germany?
The average first free practice position for the winner of the Sunday race this year has been 7th, so there is not a lot to get excited about in topping Friday free practice.
So Rosberg to win then Googs? Might as well pack up and go home.
Schumacher sounded sure that it will rain in qualifying.
There was dry running, so the times do give some indication.
matt. there was a few laps of dry running at the start of fp1. several cars went out on the new unmarked tyres. sunny. rain is forecast for quali , but with a dry day forecast for race. but with this unusual summer, we probably cannot believe the forecasts!
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The Brazilian has impressed in Rome and has attracted interest from overseas.
"These are rumours and for now I do not wish to comment on them. City are a top club at world level and Hernanes loves the Premier League. But I have too much respect for Lazio to say any more," agent Joseph Lee told LaLazioSiamoNoi.it.


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It is Thursday already which means I now really have 2 days to cram in 6 days worth of work. Oh dear – this is not going to be pretty. I have been asked a few times whether it be family and friends or even readers about what to look for when buying fresh meat. Because I watch a lot of the food network and read a fair amount of reading material on food – I think I can answer these questions.
For all my vegetarian readers… sorry! I just want to take a few minutes of your time and hopefully shed some light on this topic. Whether it be for grilling, roasting, poaching, frying or braising these tips are very important.
Are you purchasing the freshest meat and/or meat products from your local grocer? You certainly may think so, however, this may not be the case. There are some questionable practices meat department personnel may apply that you are unaware of. Meat and meat products are expensive and perishable. A no sale for the butcher becomes an unwelcome loss. As a consumer, there are certain measures you can undertake to assure yourself a fresher, higher quality product.
1. Choose Wisely
- When a meat item is on sale, take advantage of the cost. This is perhaps the best time to buy a fresh product. The demand will be greater; hence, there is less likelihood of it sitting on the shelf too long. If the package isn't labeled "Choice", the cut is most certainly "Select". This type of meat is lower in quality and taste. Always find out which kind of meat is used before you make your selection. "Select" meats are good candidates for sale items: cheaper for the butcher to purchase, with a higher mark-up price. The consumer pays less and the grocer makes a higher profit. However, the quality is undeniably compromised. Your taste buds will be the final test!
2. Color Can Help
- When choosing fresh meat, color is always a good indicator. Beef will have a bright red color, pork will look pinkish and the skin on poultry should be white or pale yellow. Marbling gives the meat flavor, so look for thin white streaks for a juicier and more tender cut of beef.
3. Go Lean
- A lot of supermarkets offer boneless, skinless chicken breasts and thighs, which are extra lean and full of flavor. The majority of pork cuts are lean, and most retailers offer fresh extra-lean ground beef that's produced on a daily basis. More and more shoppers are opting for pork tenderloin, which is a better-for-you alternative protein that is low
in fat and a source of iron and vitamin B12.
4. Do the Smell Test
- Another quality identification is smell. The product should have a normal smell. This will be different for each of the species (i.e. beef, pork, chicken), but should vary only slightly within the specie. Any rancid or strange smelling meat should be avoided.
So that are my four tips I use when buying meat. I hope the next time you are shopping for your family you keep these in mind if you didn't already know. It is not rocket science but if you are not used to buying meat on a regular basis, the choices can be over whelming.
Site Update
I finally added a place where you can visually see to buy yourself some new zesty gear. I encourage everyone to head over there and purchase something as all the profits are going directly to the food bank. A great cause!
Around the Blogsphere
Angela at Ohsheglows is having a great giveaway forAlign Digestive Care Probiotic Supplement contest. She is giving away two 30-day boxes. So if you have not entered please head over here now and do so.
I am heading off to do some more packing yet again so I hope you have a great Thursday and I look forward to seeing you tomorrow.
Take care