text:
A method for fabricating MicroSD devices includes forming a PCB panel having multiple PCBs arranged in parallel rows, with each PCB connected to its neighboring PCBs in each row by relatively narrow connecting bridge pieces, and separated from PCBs of adjacent rows by elongated stamped out blank slots. Passive components are attached by conventional surface mount technology (SMT) techniques. IC chips, including a MicroSD controller chip and a flash memory chip, are attached to the PCB by wire bonding or other chip-on-board (COB) technique. A molded housing is then formed over the IC chips and passive components using a mold that prevents formation of plastic on the upper surface of each PCB. The connecting bridge pieces are then cut using using a rotary saw. A front edge chamfer process is then performed.
1. A method for producing a plurality of MicroSD devices, the method comprising:
producing a printed circuit board (PCB) panel including a plurality of PCBs arranged in a plurality of rows, wherein all of said PCBs have a first width, and wherein at least one said PCB in each row is connected to a first adjacent PCB by a first connecting bridge structure and to a second adjacent PCB by a second connecting bridge structure, wherein the first and second connecting bridge structures have a second width that is narrower than the first width, and wherein the PCB panel defines a plurality of elongated stamped blank slots defined on the sides of each row such that side edges of each said PCB are exposed,
attaching at least one passive component and at least one integrated circuit to each said PCB;
forming a single-piece molded housing on a second surface of the PCB such that said at least one passive component and said at least one IC die are covered by said molded housing, and portions of said molded housing cover said side edges of each said PCB, wherein said first connecting bridge structure and said second connecting bridge structure extend from opposite ends of the molded housing formed on said at least one said PCB in each row; wherein forming said single-piece molded housing comprises disposing said PCB panel into a first molding die including a plurality of raised island structures, each raised island structure being received inside a corresponding one of said elongated stamped blank slots such that a predetermined gap is defined between each side edge of each said PCB and a corresponding facing wall of an adjacent raised island structure; and
singulating said PCB panel after forming said single-piece molded housings by cutting said first and second bridge structures using a rotating blade, thereby providing said plurality of MicroSD devices.
2. The method according to
3. The method according to
4. The method according to
5. The method according to
wherein producing said PCB panel comprises forming each said PCB to include opposing first and second surfaces, a plurality of metal contacts disposed on the first surface, a plurality of first contact pads disposed on the second surface, a plurality of second contact pads disposed on the second surface, and a plurality of conductive traces formed on the PCB such that each conductive trace is electrically connected to at least one of an associated metal contact, a first contact pad and a second contact pad; and
wherein attaching said at least one passive component and said at least one integrated circuit to each said PCB comprises:
attaching said at least one passive component to the first contact pads using a surface mount technique, and
attaching said at least one unpackaged integrated circuit (IC) die to the second contact pads using a chip-on-board technique.
6. The method of
printing a solder paste on said first contact pads;
mounting said at least one component on said first contact pads; and
reflowing the solder paste such that said at least one component is fixedly soldered to said first contact pads.
7. The method of
8. The method of
This application is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. patent application for "Manufacturing Method For Memory Card", U.S. application Ser. No. 10/888,282, filed Jul. 8, 2004 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,941,916.
This application is a also a CIP of U.S. patent application for "MOLDING METHODS TO MANUFACTURE SINGLE-CHIP CHIP-ON-BOARD USB DEVICE", U.S. application Ser. No. 11/773,830, filed Jul. 5, 2007, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,872,871, which is a CIP of "Single-Chip Multi-Media Card/Secure Digital (MMC/SD) Controller Reading Power-On Boot Code from Integrated Flash Memory for User Storage", U.S. application Ser. No. 11/309,594, filed Aug. 28, 2006, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,383,362, which is a CIP of "Single-Chip USB Controller Reading Power-On Boot Code from Integrated Flash Memory for User Storage", U.S. application Ser. No. 10/707,277, filed Dec. 2, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,103,684.
This application is also a CIP of U.S. patent application for "Removable Flash Integrated Memory Module Card and Method of Manufacture" U.S. application Ser. No. 10/913,868, filed Aug. 6, 2004 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,264,992.
This application is also a CIP of U.S. Patent application for "Electronic Data Storage Medium with Fingerprint Verification Capability", U.S. application Ser. No. 11/624,667, filed Jan. 18, 2007, now abaondoned which is a divisional of U.S. Patent application for "Electronic Data Storage Medium with Fingerprint Verification Capability", U.S. application Ser. No. 09/478,720 filed Jan. 6, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,257,714.
This invention relates to portable electronic devices, and more particularly to portable electronic devices such as those that utilize the Micro Secure-Digital (MicroSD) specification.
A card-type electronic apparatus containing a memory device (e.g., an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) or "flash" memory chip) and other semiconductor components is referred to as a memory card. Typical memory cards include a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) mounted or molded inside a protective housing or casing. The PCBA typically includes a printed circuit substrate (referred to herein simply as a "substrate") formed using known printed circuit board fabrication techniques, with the memory device and additional components (e.g., control circuitry, resistors, capacitors, etc.) formed on an upper surface of the substrate (i.e., inside the casing), and one or more rows of contact pads exposed on a lower surface of the substrate. The contact pads are typically aligned in a width direction of the casing, and serve to electrically connect and transmit electrical signals between the memory chip/control circuitry and a card-hosting device (e.g., a computer circuit board or a digital camera). Examples of such portable memory cards include multi media cards (MMC cards), personal computer memory card international association (PCMCIA) cards. An exemplary MMC card form factor is 24 mm wide, 32 mm long, and 1.4 mm or 1.5 mm thick, and is substantially rectangular except for a chamfer formed in one corner, which defines the front end of the card that is inserted into a card-hosting device. The card's contact pads are exposed on its lower surface of each card near the front end. These and other similar card-like structures are collectively referred to herein as "memory module cards" or simply as "memory cards".
An important aspect of most memory card structures is that they meet size specifications for a given memory card type. In particular, the size of the casing or housing, and more particularly the width and thickness (height) of the casing/housing, must be precisely formed so that the memory card can be received within a corresponding slot (or other docking structure) formed on an associated card-hosting device. For example, using the MMC card specifications mentioned above, each MMC card must meet the specified 24 mm width and 1.4/1.5 mm thickness specifications in order to be usable in devices that support this MMC card type. That is, if the width/thickness specifications of a memory card are too small or too large, then the card can either fail to make the necessary contact pad-to-card-hosting device connections, or fail to fit within the corresponding slot of the associated card-hosting device.
One conventional method for manufacturing memory cards that meet required size specifications includes using a cover or housing that is typically adhesively attached to the PCBA substrate over the semiconductor components. One shortcoming of this approach is that the thickness of such covers is necessarily relatively thick, and therefore takes up a significant amount of the specified memory card thickness (e.g., the 1.4 mm thickness of standard MMC cards). As a result, the choice of memory device and other components mounted used in these memory cards is limited to devices that are relatively thin. In addition, because such covers are fabricated separately and then attached to the substrate using an adhesive, the use of such separate covers increases production and assembly costs, and the covers can become detached from the substrate.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,462,273 discloses a second conventional MMC card fabrication process that avoids the thickness problems associated with separate cover structures by forming a molded casing over the PCBA components. First, the PCBA is assembled using normal practices by forming individual module substrates that are connected to a common carrier, with the material used for the carrier being the same as that of the module substrate. During a subsequent plastic molding process, round shaped rods are utilized for forming notches on the card body. Later, round shape cutters are cutting through the notched areas. If any connecting portion between the module and the carrier is not being cut clean, such that there are remaining silvers attached to the module, the silvers will not exist beyond the notch area and affect the card size specifications. Therefore, the card manufactured by this method has notches on the card body.
A problem with the manufacturing method disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,462,273 is that the resulting memory card includes notches that reduce the usable area of the substrate in the width direction. In addition, portions of the substrate remain exposed in the notches after the carrier separation process, which further limits the use of the substrate in regions adjacent to the notches due to possible contamination and/or damage to the substrate in these regions.
What is needed is a method for producing memory cards that utilizes low-cost molding techniques to form rigid casing over a PCBA that maximizes the usable substrate area and avoids the contamination problems associated with conventional molding techniques.
The present invention is directed to a method for producing MicroSD devices including a molding method that eliminates the process step of cutting the entire peripheral edge outline (singulation process) of the MicroSD PCBA using laser cutter, water jet knife or mechanical grinding method to singulate individual MicroSD from the molded PCB panel. In particular, the present invention introduces a novel micro-SD PCB panel on which the micro-SD PCBs are connected in rows, with each PCB connected only at its ends by a relatively narrow row connecting bridge piece to adjacent PCBs or to the panel frame, with each row separated from its adjacent row by an elongated stamped out blank slot such that the side edges and portions of each end edge of each micro-SD PCB are exposed. Each micro-SD PCB includes standard (plug) metal contacts that are formed on a first (e.g., upper) surface thereof, and all IC components (e.g., MicroSD controller chip, flash memory chip, etc.) are mounted on the opposite (e.g., lower) surface of the PCB. The panel is then placed into a special plastic molding die such that the upper surface is pressed against a flat bottom surface of the die to prevent plastic formation on the standard metal contacts, and a housing is then molded over the IC components (i.e., over the lower surface of the PCB) that includes a plug section extending opposite to the metal contacts to provide the necessary plug structure thickness, and a handle section that covers the IC components. The molded housing is formed over the side edges of the PCB and over at least a portion of each end edge, thus providing a nearly continuous smooth finish without requiring cutting and/or polishing. After the molding process, the individual PCBAs are singulated using a simplified cutting wheel process that requires cutting only the row connecting bridge pieces connected to each end of the PCB, instead of cutting tie bars connected to the side edge of the PCB, which can result in slivers or other imperfections that prevent proper insertion of the card into a host slot. A final grinding step is used to generate a chamfer at the front edge of the molded MicroSD device. Accordingly, the method of the present invention avoids the heat induced damage problems generated by conventional laser cutter singulation methods, avoids the need for recycling the micro size abrasive powder that is required in high pressure water jet singulation methods, and must be more accurate and consistence than mechanical grinding methods. The MicroSD manufacturing method of the present invention is also cleaner and generates less contamination to the working environment than the conventional methods, provides a better edge finish than all three conventional methods, and is lower in cost and higher in manufacturing throughput.
According to an aspect of the invention, passive components are mounted onto the PCB using one or more standard surface mount technology (SMT) techniques, and one or more integrated circuit (IC) die (e.g., a MicroSD controller IC die and a flash memory die) are mounted using chip-on-board (COB) techniques. During the SMT process, the SMT-packaged passive components (e.g., capacitors and oscillators) are mounted onto contact pads disposed on the PCB, and then known solder reflow techniques are utilized to connect leads of the passive components to the contact pads. During the subsequent COB process, the IC dies are secured onto the PCB using know die-bonding techniques, and then electrically connected to corresponding contact pads using, e.g., known wire bonding techniques. After the COB process is completed, the housing is formed over the passive components and IC dies using plastic molding techniques. By combining SMT and COB manufacturing techniques to produce MicroSD devices, the present invention provides an advantage over conventional manufacturing methods that utilize SMT techniques only in that overall manufacturing costs are reduced by utilizing unpackaged controllers and flash devices (i.e., by eliminating the cost associated with SMT-package normally provided on the controllers and flash devices). Moreover, the molded housing provides greater moisture and water resistance and higher impact force resistance than that achieved using conventional manufacturing methods. Therefore, the combined COB and SMT method according to the present invention provides a less expensive and higher quality (i.e., more reliable) memory product than that possible using conventional SMT-only manufacturing methods.
The present invention is also directed to a MicroSD device generated in accordance with the novel method that includes a PCB having components mounted thereon using the combined COB and SMT method, and a molded plastic case that cover the side edges of the PCBA and is exposed only on the bottom surface and end edges thereof, with one edge having a chamfered surface.
These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings, where:
The present invention relates to an improvement in manufacturing methods for MicroSD devices, and to the improved MicroSD devices made by these methods. MicroSD is a format for removable flash memory cards that is used mainly in mobile telephones, handheld GPS devices, portable audio players, video game consoles and expandable USB flash memory drives. It is currently (2007) the smallest memory card available commercially, and is about a quarter the size of an SD card, and is currently available with memory capacities ranging from 64 MB to 6 GB (with 8 GB devices announced). Present MicroSD manufacturing methods chip-on-board (COB) processes on a solid printed circuit board (PCB) panel on which a 5�3 array of MicroSD PCBs are printed. Conventional MicroSD production methods are similar to MMC production methods in that they include, after mounting the controller and flash memory devices onto the PCBs to form printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs), forming (e.g., by plastic molding) a housing over the PCBA, "singulating" the PCB panel by cutting along the entire peripheral edge of each PCBA using either a laser cutting method, a water jet knife cutting method, or a mechanical grinding method to singulate individual MicroSD from the molded PCB panel. Because the entire peripheral edge of each PCBA must be cut to separate the MicroSD devices from the PCBA panel, the conventional MicroSD production methods have a problem similar to that described above with reference to MMC production methods in that they produce a rough finish on the side edges of each finished MicroSD device. In addition, each of the cutting methods used in the conventional MicroSD introduces additional disadvantages. A problem with the laser cutting method is that residual heat from the laser beam heats up the electrical components mounted on the PCBA, and there is a significant percentage of components damaged due to excessive heat during the singulation process. Another disadvantage of laser cutting is that the laser cutter's laser diode has a limited lifetime, and the cost of replacing the laser cutter's laser diode whenever the cutting "mileage" has been reached is significant. The high pressure water jet knife cutting method involves directing a thin water jet at high speed and pressure onto the peripheral edges of the MicroSD PCBA, which results in abrasion that separates the PCBA from the PCBA panel supporting frame. Abrasive powder is added to the water to greatly increase the ability of the water to cut through harder materials. The high pressure water jet knife cutting method is less damaging than the laser cutting method, but involves messy recycling and replacement of abrasive powder which mixed in the water jet to increase the efficiency of the cutting process. This method also generates a relatively large amount of pollutants in the form of abraded particles. Mechanical grinding method involves high speed rotation abrasive wheel to route the outline of the MicroSD card. Tiny particles from the molded MicroSD substrate are generated during grinding. A problem with mechanical grinding methods is that this method is less precise and accurate than laser and high pressure water cutting methods in that the wear and tear of the abrasive is less predictable from one grind wheel to the next, and generates a large amount of particle pollutants.
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention as provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. As used herein, the terms "upper", "upwards", "lower", and "downward" are intended to provide relative positions for purposes of description, and are not intended to designate an absolute frame of reference. Various modifications to the preferred embodiment will be apparent to those with skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Referring to the upper portion of
According to an aspect of the invention, passive components are mounted onto lower surface 114 using one or more standard surface mount technology (SMT) techniques, and one or more integrated circuit (IC) die (e.g., control IC die 130 and flash memory die 135) are mounted using chip-on-board (COB) techniques. As indicated in
Housing 150 comprises molded plastic arranged such that substantially all of the plastic used to form housing 150 is located level with or below (i.e., on one side of) upper surface 112 of PCB 111. Housing 150 includes a peripheral surface extending downward (i.e., perpendicular to PCB 111), and a lower surface 152 that extends parallel to PCB 111. For discussion purposes, the portion of the peripheral surface disposed at the front end of MicroSD device 100 is referred to as front wall section 151-1, the portion of peripheral surface located at the rear end of device 100 is rear wall section 151-2, and the opposing side portions of the peripheral surface are side wall sections 151-3 and 151-4. By covering the peripheral side edge of PCB 111, peripheral wall 151 prevents objects from wedging between PCB 111 and housing 150, thereby preventing undesirable separation of PCBA 110 from housing 150. As shown is
According to an aspect of the present invention, PCB 111 is formed such that at least one of a rear bridge stub 115-1 and front bridge stub 115-2 extends through front wall section 151-1 and/or rear wall section 151-2, respectively. As described below, bridge stubs 115-1 and 115-2 are part of bridge structures that are used during the fabrication process of the present invention, and are retained after a singulation process during which MicroSD device 100 is separated from a PCB panel.
The flow diagram of
Referring to the upper portion of
As indicated in
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, connecting bridge structures 315 have widths that are narrower than the overall widths of PCBs 111 in order to minimize the exposed edge PCB material in the finished MicroSD device. In particular, referring to the right side of
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, PCB panel 300 defines elongated stamped blank slots 325 that are disposed along the sides of each row of PCBs 111. For example, elongated stamped blank slots 325-1 and 325-2 are disposed on opposing sides of the row containing PCBs 111-11, 111-12 and 111-13, thereby exposing the side edges (and portions of the front and rear edges) of each PCB 111-11, 111-12 and 111-13. In addition, each side edge 111-P4 (e.g., see PCB 111-12) includes a hook shape 111-P4A that corresponds to the finished MicroSD structure. As descried in additional detail below, this feature facilitates formation of the plastic molded housing such that the plastic material extends over the peripheral edge of each PCB 111 to both strengthen and provide a more appealing finish to MicroSD 100.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, designated cut lines 317 are scored or otherwise partially cut into side border structure 312 of PCB panel 300 that are aligned with the front and rear edges of PCBs 111 aligned in each column. Cut lines may also formed along the front and rear edges of each PCB 111 that are aligned with cut lines 317. In an alternative embodiment, cut lines 317 may be omitted, or comprise surface markings that do not weaken the panel material.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, border structures 310 and 312 are provided with positioning holes 319 to facilitate alignment between PCB panel 300 and the plastic molding die during molded housing formation, as described below.
As indicated in
Next, as shown in
Referring to block 280 located at the bottom of
As suggested in the above example, in addition to reducing overall manufacturing costs by utilizing unpackaged controller and flash memory dies (i.e., by eliminating the packaging costs associated with SMT-ready controller and flash memory devices), the present invention provides a further benefit of facilitating greatly expanded memory capacity without increasing the overall size of MicroSD device 100, e.g., by facilitating a stacked-memory MicroSD device in which a first flash memory chip is mounted on the PCB and connected by first wire bonds, and a second flash memory chip is mounted on the first memory chip and connected by a second set of wire bonds to the PCB. Because the IC die height (thickness) D is much smaller than packaged flash memory devices, and because the thickness of the MicroSD device is set by predetermined standards, the present invention facilitates such a stacked memory arrangement that greatly increases memory capacity without increasing the footprint of the MicroSD device.
Although the present invention has been described with respect to certain specific embodiments, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the inventive features of the present invention are applicable to other embodiments as well, all of which are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
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text:
Below is the poem entitled The Night which was written by poet
Mayfield. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Lily Mayfield
It witnesses my pain
It masks my tears
Watches blood flow from my vein
Implants my brain with fears
It chases away the light
I want to escape
It gives me quite a fright
This feels like a date rape
It lays me down
With my tears
Me, it tries to drown
It is my superior
It chooses my fate
I am inferior
It has the right bait
I'll never be lonely
With it by my side
It saves my life, if only
My happiness it will override
*Written on May 3, 2012*

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Your guide to Christmas in Cornwall
Posted: November 09, 2012|
Temperatures are dropping, the woolly scarves are coming out and mince pies are lining supermarket shelves: Christmas is just around the corner.
In the coming weeks Cornwall will get well and truly into the festive spirit, with a calendar jam-packed with events - from the City of Lights festival to the Made in Cornwall Christmas fair.
Whether you're looking for festive family fun, ways to celebrate the Christmas countdown with friends or just somewhere to do your shopping in style, Cornwall has it covered.
Ice skating at Eden
Related content
No matter what your age, ice skating is a must over the festive period. And what better setting than the rolling grounds of The Eden Project?
Head to the rink with the family of a weekend, or beat the crowds with a mid-week saver skate session. And if the little ones aren't quite old enough to skate, why not enjoy a special parent and toddler ice-play session for the under-6s?
There is limited capacity for all skating sessions, so pre-book to avoid disappointment. Find out more and book online at www.edenproject.com.
City of Lights
Nothing says 'Christmas' quite like the warm glow of lights, so pop this event in your diary if you're looking to get into the festive spirit.
Held on November 14, the City of Lights festival will light up Truro in style, with a procession of handmade lanterns floating through the streets, carried by professional artists, Cornish school children and local community groups.
City of Lights also marks the official switch on of Truro's Christmas lights. The switch on will be followed by music and dance from Truro School of Samba and other local bands.
The procession starts at the junction of Moresk Road and St Clements Street, before moving up to Pydar Street, left along Union Street and down Castle Street.
To find out more, click here.
Lostwithiel Dickensian Evening
Be transported to the Victorian streets of Dickens' time on December 13.
A Victorian-themed evening in the Christmas tree-lined streets of Lostwithiel, this event is sure to delight. Feel like you've set foot into A Christmas Carol by enjoying mulled wine, street entertainers, an old-fashioned children's roundabout and shopkeepers dressed in period costume.
Hear carols sung by choirs and bells ringing, explore the Mayor's Parlour and peruse stalls selling antiques, books and Christmas crafts. All the shops will be open, too.
And if a festive feast is what you're after, there's no shortage of options: a soup kitchen, Christmas sausages with all the trimmings, turkey and cranberry pasties, hot chestnuts and more.
There will also be live music in the Public Houses from 9pm.
Find out more here.
Made in Cornwall Christmas Fair
Christmas is the time to show your loved ones you care, and what better way than with a unique, locally-sourced gift they can treasure?
Held in Lemon Quay, Truro between November 28 and December 1, the Fair displays gifts crafted by some of the best artisans, artists and food and drink producers working in Cornwall today.
And every product on sale has been approved by Cornwall Council as being genuinely Made in Cornwall.
The fair will be held on the Piazza in Truro. Admission is free.
For more information, click here.
Padstow Christmas Festival
For many of us, Christmas is all about enjoying mouth-watering food – and lots of it! So what better way to spend a weekend than exploring the culinary delights on offer at Padstow's annual Christmas Festival?
Held between Friday December 7 and Sunday 9, the festival will be attended by a host of celebrity chefs - Rick Stein and his son Jack; Paul Ainsworth, chef patron of No 6 in Padstow and from BBC 2's Great British Menu; and Nathan Outlaw, the two Michelin-starred chef from Restaurant Nathan Outlaw in Rock.
You can also see in action Mitch Tonks, award-winning restaurateur, chef and food writer; Chris Eden from the Michelin-starred Driftwood Hotel near Portscatho; and Mark Sargeant, chef and owner of RockSalt in Folkestone.
Chef demonstrations will be taking place inside a specially constructed kitchen with seating for more than 250 people.
You can also enjoy a traditional Christmas market, held in a large marquee on the quay side, packed with stalls selling treats and gifts. Peruse a huge range of ales, meats, jams and cheeses, and pop into restaurants Fifteen Cornwall and The Seafood Restaurant for some Christmas pudding.
And for the little ones, Santa will be in residence in his grotto at The Padstow Institute. Children will also be able to take part in festive workshops throughout the weekend, including cake decorating and face painting.
There will also be a lantern parade and firework display on the Friday evening.
To find out more click here.
Santa Fun Runs
'Tis the season of goodwill, so why not help those less fortunate and take part in a Santa Fun Run?
Held in Land's End, Padstow and Falmouth, Cornwall Hospice Care's annual Santa Fun Runs will raise much-needed funds.
Whatever your age there's a Fun Run for you – choose between two distances, and opt to jog or walk if you prefer.
It's probably the chilliest fun run of the year, but you'll receive a mince pie and a hot drink to help you warm up afterwards!
Spaces are limited, so advanced registration is recommended – click here. Registration is £10 for adults and £5 for children.
For further information contact Rose on 01726 66868, or via email at firstname.lastname@example.com
Alternatively, visit www.visitcornwall.com.
Montol Festival
If you're looking for a Christmas celebration with a twist, the Montol festival is ideal. Held over six days - December 16 to December 21 – the festival is based on Cornish traditions of the past, culminating in the main event, Montol Eve on December 21.
Throughout the week there will be lantern and mask making workshops, strolling bands, carol services, an arts and crafts fair, storytelling and late night shopping in Penzance.
Fire beacons are lit throughout the town, and you can enjoy the chalking and burning of the Mock - the Cornish Yule log.
Find out more about the festival here.
Aladdin Pantomime
For guaranteed family fun, snap up tickets to see Aladdin at the Hall for Cornwall.
Steeped in magic and packed with surprises, this is a show for both old and young to enjoy.
Running from December 14 to January 6, 2013, this is the ideal way to spend a weekend, jazz up Boxing Day or get in the festive spirit on Christmas Eve.
Off-peak tickets range from £13 to £21.50; Peak £13 to £23.50 and Family Packs are available for £56 & £66. Visit www.hallforcornwall.org.


text:
The Best Exercises for Everything
By Lou Schuler
- Overview
- Best Exercise #1
- Best Exercise #2
- Best Exercise #3
- Best Exercise #4
- Best Exercise #5
- Best Exercise #6
- Best Exercise #7
More Fitness Lists
Best Exercise #1
Best Exercise for Opening a Jar
The oversize-grip deadlift. You do it just like a standard deadlift, but increase the thickness of the bar by wrapping a towel (or two) around it. The thicker bar and heavy weight force the muscles of your forearms to work harder than ever, which will give you a hand-crushing grip—perfect for popping the lid off a pickle jar.
Do this: Stand in front of a barbell with your feet shoulder-width apart and grab the bar with an overhand grip, your hands placed just outside of your legs. Lift your chest, pull your shoulder blades back, and focus your eyes straight ahead. Now, push down through your heels and stand up.
Sign up for our FREE Daily Dose newsletter for the best fitness, health, sex, and nutrition tips delivered to your inbox daily.


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Re: The End of Education
hi stephen couldn't get this site to load. Actually, your comments are interesting in and of themselves. With Jay Cross' new book on informal learning we again raise the issue of when formal is needed to keep education or learning from turning into the equivalent of solving the world's problems at half-time in the local pub. Knowledge acquisiton depends on trusted networks for finding and vetting information. For a long time, the formal education system has provided that function- a way to get knowledge in a concentrated and trusted form. It raises the battle over wikipedia and who can contribute and the entire idea that if google finds it, its gotta be true we can wonder- but in this wide world, who has truth? tom tom abeles [Comment] [Permalink]


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Photo by José Picayo
Leave a Review
Just made these sandwiches for the family and everyone loved them. I went with prosciutto since jamón Serrano could not be found. I found the dates really added a sweetness to keep the saltiness of the prosciutto in check. All in all a very good quick meal.flag if inappropriate
This is a good enough grilled cheese sandwich, but not quite good enough to merit the extra expense of Manchego and Serrano ham. Once melted, cheese tastes pretty much the same.The chopped dates don't bring much to the recipe, either: more like, "What's that funny taste?"flag if inappropriate
These sandwiches were outstanding! First made with a loaf of herb flat bread; the next day, used a loaf of ciabatta. Also used chopped fresh figs instead of dates - a wonderful contrast to the ham and cheese. Served with gazpacho - lunches to die for.flag if inappropriate
Sooooo delicious! We used proscuitto and manchego sandwiched between slices of thinly sliced crusty olive bread. The dates tone down the saltiness of the meat and cheese. Divine! We paired the sandwiches with Epicurious' Zucchini and Spinach soup ... a perfect combo. http://www.epicurious.com/articlesguides/everydaycooking/weeklydinnerplanners/040309/recipes/food/views/Zucchini-and-Spinach-Soup-107910flag if inappropriate
Serrano with manchego in a sandwich with butter!!!!!!!!!!! Use real bread and don't add butter!!!!!!flag if inappropriate
This makes a very good "gourmet" grilled cheese and ham sandwich. I couldn't find jamon serrano so I used prosciutto instead and it tasted fine. The manchego and prosciutto can be a bit salty so have something to balance it on the side. The dates add a nice sweetness to the sandwich.flag if inappropriate


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The West London club are yet to comment on claims that a deal has been agreed with Betis, who are reported to be paying £750,000 to take the Costa Rican on loan.
The player's agent Rene Vijt has said: "At this moment, there is no agreement but that could change in a matter of seconds."
Now Betis appear to be closing on a move and their assistant coach Sergio Fernandez says he cannot wait to work with uiz.
"Bryan Ruiz is a fantastic player, links up well with team-mates, has a good shot and brings lots of creativity," Fernandez told Diario de Sevilla.
"We are confident that his game and his qualities are perfect for our team and that he can put Betis on the right place in the ranking. I think he can settle in quickly."
Ruiz is understood to be keen on regular first-team football ahead of the World Cup finals, and his national coach Jorge Luis Pinto admits he thinks a move to Betis could be the right thing for him.
"The important thing for Bryan is that he plays. If he has to go to Betis to play, it would be a good thing overall," he told Diario Al Dia de Costa Rica
"I believe that the English and the Spanish leagues are the two best. There are times when you have to put yourself first. This is the right time for him to act and if it's to go to Betis, fine.
"We are watching what is going on and that he is not losing motivation."
New Sky Bet customers: Free matched bet up to £30


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Hotels in 14082 - Java Center NY
Only hotels in 14082 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Java Center, NY for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 14082 hotels and motels so you can review the Java Center hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Wyoming county and area code 585 are also listed.
14082 Hotels & Accommodations
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Importing Bento data (Mac OS)FileMaker Pro can import Bento data into an existing FileMaker Pro file or convert Bento data into a new FileMaker Pro file. The Bento file must be created with Bento 2 (or a later supported version). Bento 2 (or a later supported version) must be installed on the computer running FileMaker Pro.Note You can import from Bento 1 by saving Bento data as a .csv file and then importing the .csv file into FileMaker Pro.
1. Open the FileMaker Pro file that you want to import records into (the target file).
2. If you're updating existing or matching records, choose File menu > Save a Copy As to make a backup copy of the target file.Important Updating existing or matching records overwrites data in the target file and cannot be undone, so make sure you understand how updating records works before you begin. For more information, see Methods of importing data into an existing file.
3. If the target file contains multiple tables, use the Layout pop-up menu to display a layout that shows fields from the table you want to import data into.
• If you're updating existing records in the file, make sure the found set contains only the records you want to replace.
• If you're updating matching records, make sure the found set contains only the records you want to update. Records outside the found set will not be updated, even if match field data matches.
5. Choose File menu > Import Records > Bento Data Source.
7. Choose the Target table and Import Action, then choose the fields in your database that map to the data being imported. (For more information, see Setting the import action and mapping fields during import.)
8. Click Import.
9. Click OK.
1. In FileMaker Pro, choose File menu > New Database.
2. In the FileMaker Quick Start Screen, select Create a database from an existing, choose Bento Source, then OK.If you don't see the FileMaker Quick Start Screen, choose FileMaker Pro menu > Preferences, select Show FileMaker Quick Start Screen, click OK, and repeat step 1.
3. In the Select Bento Source dialog box, select the library and collection that you want to import, then click Continue.Bento and FileMaker Pro field type mappingThe following table lists how Bento field types map to FileMaker Pro field types.Note Data might appear differently after you import because of the differences in field mapping between Bento and FileMaker Pro and issues related to numerical precision.
FileMaker Pro Field Type The following user-created field types in Bento are not supported in FileMaker Pro:


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May 25, 2005
We want to go to Bellingham tomorrow. We decided late yesterday. How possible is that? With two dogs and a baby?
oh welcome to my world Bee-otz. Then have another kid and talk to me about leaving the house for more than an hour at a time. That said, I do wish you godspeed in getting all the errands handled…and skip the gym for heaven's sake. That is not on the critical path.
By texasbelle on 2005 05 25
shoot the dogs, feed LB on the floor or table, get a oil changed on the way, go to walmart and buy new clothes, have a apple (can count as 2 things eating healthy and working out), wing the hotel - there is always the car, buy a playtex bottle with inserts so you really don't have to wash bottles, and use a credit card. Haha ok that's what I would do! Just go! You can still do it - there is just WAY less room in the car! GO LES GO - BOB TAKE HER SHE NEEDS A VACATION! (Ok well at least take one for me will ya!)
By Nicole on 2005 05 25
We ALLL do, Michaela! BTW: We're going. We're just packing up and leaving. WOOP WOOOP!
By Mrs. Flinger on 2005 05 25
Yay yay! Have fun and maybe you should pick up the latest issue of cosmo for the way *wink wink* LOL!
By Nicole on 2005 05 25
I'm in BELLINGHAM! Come visit me! I have a spare room, all the baby stuff, and even a dog park down the street!
By Amy_M on 2005 05 26
It's CRAZY how much stuff a person has to do to get ready for vacation, even a short one. And when you get home you have to unpack everything… by the time you are done you need a vacation from your vacation!! I'm about there now, I just unpacked from ours! UGH.
By Holly on 2005 05 26


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United Nations High Representative Sergio Duarte delivers a video message to the Annual Assembly of the network of Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, held in Bern, Switzerland, October 15-16, 2011.
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I read with great interest the article, "Students receive GEAR-UP scholarships." This program, according to the article, allows middle and high school students to earn as much as $2,000 toward college per semester until they graduate based on their grades, attendance, behavior and other factors.
I recently got a call from my son telling me of the death of a young man on Cunningham Street. My heart was floored as we spoke about one of the suspects who had asked him for a job in his concrete business just a few weeks ago. My son did not have any jobs as he is struggling himself to make ends meet and not getting hardly any work because of the economy.
Then I started thinking about the shooting on Gregory Street several months ago. The young man charged in that shooting had begged me day after day restoring one of my houses on 16th Street.
It's cool to get A's. That's not a message that kids get every day. In fact for years, being a brainy student has been thought of anything but cool. Nerdy, geeky and egg-headish. Yeah, sure. Those words are the ones that students who have excelled in school have had to deal with from their peers for decades.
On behalf of the Lancaster High School Band Booster Club, I would like to express our heartfelt gratitude to the many individuals and businesses that assisted us in reaching our goal of new band and color guard uniforms.
Our journey began with a Christmas tree raffle, selling Bojangle Discount Cards, and a band night at Pizza Hut.
Café 901 sponsored our barbecue fundraiser and band night every Thursday in an effort to help raise money for new uniforms.
Two men have been arrested in connection with a home invasion on Rope Lane on Sunday night in which a man and woman were tied up.
Reuben Timothy Curry, 24, of 1177 Shiloh Drive, and Tyrone Johnson Jr., 19, of Rock Hill, were arrested by the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department and were in possession of two stolen vehicles, said Lancaster County Sheriff's Office attorney Tom Holland.
Warrants from Lancaster County are pending, Holland said. The men will be charged with first-degree burglary and armed robbery.
While most families enjoyed a recent weekend, one unfortunate family in a Washington state trailer park did not. An argument at home left five children dead after their father killed them and later cowardly killed himself.
Why would someone do something like this? The father should have been close to his children and cared for them.
While we don't know the situation surrounding the murders, I do know for sure that this tragedy could have been prevented.
Support for Obama rare; blame not so rare in S.C.
I read with interest the recent editorial opinion by Mark Grier "Radical action needed to clean up the economy." His letter showed support for President Obama, which is somewhat rare in South Carolina.
A week or so later, I read the rather lengthy response by Chuck Payne. Mr. Payne seemingly was blaming Democrats, Obama and news organizations (with the possible exception of Fox News) for all of America's economic woes. This stance is not so rare in South Carolina.
The big story of the fat-cat Wall Street bankers getting a big bonus for failure is a smoke screen for what has really happened. Regardless of whether Republicans or Democrats are in control, when it comes to survival the government is going to take care of the rich man and make the poor man pay. The bonus deal simply covers the real crime.
Congressman John Spratt has always portrayed himself as being a fiscal conservative. I considered him one of the most honest men on Capital Hill.
Help Wanted: Government positions available for town in southern part of Lancaster County. Positions include mayor, two council seats and a town attorney. Must have town's best interest at heart, be open-minded, considerate of others' opinions, unbiased and thick-skinned. For those wanting to apply, please send resumes to Kershaw Town Council.
I am a Lancaster native having graduated from both Lancaster High School and the University of South Carolina at Lancaster.
I have lived in Columbia since graduating from the Columbia campus in 1986. I enjoy reading The Lancaster News online. I would like to respond to Sonny Plyler's March 31 letter, "Obama gets an F in economics."
Copyright © 2015
The Lancaster News is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Lancaster County and Lancaster, South Carolina, and the surrounding area..


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Monthly Archives: May 2014
9 Things You May Not Know About Our Asheville Bed and Breakfast
May 25, 2014
Today we are going to play "Huffington Post" and give you a list of 9 things you may not know about the Carolina Bed & Breakfast in Asheville. 1) We always leave a little note with our evening treat when … Continue reading
The Carolina Bed & Breakfast Celebrates Asheville Beer Week
May 18, 2014
May 23 marks the beginning of the 3rd Annual Asheville Beer Week and this year the Carolina Bed & Breakfast has partnered with Hi-Wire Brewing to help our guests to celebrate all things beer in Asheville. This is kind of … Continue reading


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Posted at: 01/28/2013 10:59 AM
By: J.P. Murrieta, KOB Eyewitness Sports 4
It's obvious Albuquerque boxer Holly Holm is willing to fight WBC welterweight champ Cecilia Braekhus, but like many proposed boxing mega fights, the two sides can't work it out.
Last week the World Boxing Council ordered a fight between undefeated WBC welterweight champ Cecilia Braekhus and 3-division world champion Holly Holm. 24 hours later the Braekhus camp announced a fight with Mia St. John instead. That bout is scheduled for April 13 in Denmark.
Holm's promoter Lenny Fresquez is not letting it go that easy. He has requested the World Boxing Association to order its welterweight champ, Braekhus, to fight Holm in a mandatory defense.
"This is an embarassment for our sport," Fresquez said in a released statement. "Holly Holm is the quess of boxing and she was ready to fight Braekhus."
Stay tuned.


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DOGS: CKC registered. She is already micro-chipped. She should mature around 6-8 lbs. The Maltipoo is a designer cross between Maltese and Toy Poodle. They are very sweet loving and playful they love people. This breed is great for children and is great for families...More info Email a friend
DOGS: CKC registered, Beautiful Baby Face puppies that'll mature small. All are already Spayed/Neutered. Credit Cards Accepted. Every puppy comes with a health guarantee, shots, and wormings up to date. We accept cash, credit cards, and pay pal. Appointments ...More info Email a friend
DOGS: CKC registered. All are Spayed/Neutered, Dad is a Toy Poodle and Mom is a Shih Tzu. Won't shed, exceptional puppies for temperament. Very healthy, sweet puppies. Shots and wormings are up to date. Call today 828-397-4881 or 828-238-7687. To see more pictures...More info Email a friend
DOGS: We have 1 rare White Chocolate Super Coat Miniature Schnauzer Puppy. Male: Born 5/15/15, will be approximately 15 pounds when mature. Both Mother and Father are on-site. Puppy will be ready for his new home the week of July 13, 2015.Puppy will be UTD on...More info Email a friend
DOGS: FOR SALE: AKC Beautiful schnauzer puppy, only 1 boy left , parti colored, utd on shots ,wormed,haircut dew claws removed, he's very friendly and loves to play,call for more info price is $600 FIRM this puppy is above average,Mom and dad are last 2...More info Email a friend
PETS: AKC Labrador Retriever puppies, Yellow www.millerlabradors. com English BLOCKHEAD, Champion Bloodline, 5 generation Pedigree Papers Puppies have individual attention & are well socialized. Excellent temperament Shots and wormed. Health Records. Parents...More info Email a friend
DOGS: Jackson is 8 wks. old and ready for a new home. He is red/brindle & white. He has been vet checked and utd on shots. Don't miss out on this beautiful boy.More info Email a friend
DOGS: CKC reg. Bichon Frise and Coton De Tulear puppies, Vaccines up to date. Beautiful babies! All very sweet and well socialized. Won't shed, hypoallergenic. They love to play and loves people. Every puppy comes with a health guarantee, shots, and wormings ...More info Email a friend
DOGS: CKC reg. All are spayed/Neutered, Mom is a Shih Tzu and Dad is a Maltese. Every puppy comes with a health guarantee, shots, and wormings up to date. We accept cash, credit cards, and pay pal. Appointments only please call 828-397-4881 or 828-238-7687 today...More info Email a friend
DOGS: AKC Yellow Labrador Retriever Puppies. Only two beautiful males and one sweet female available. Both parents are loyal companions with great temperaments and are on site for you to meet. Parents are OFA heart certified. These puppies are well socialized...More info Email a friend


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A high voltage electrochemical cell is provided which includes an active metal as anode, such as sodium, a mixture of a transition metal halide or sulfide, e.g. CuCl2 and graphite as the cathode and an electrolyte of a room temperature chloroaluminate molten salt such as MEIC-AlCl3 buffered to Lewis acid-base neutrality by an excess of metal halide, such as NaCl, to provide a discharge potential or open-circuit voltage of up to 2.78 V or more. The battery cell of the present invention is believed the first to use sodium as an active metal anode in a room temperature, molten salt electrolyte. The battery cell of the present invention is useful for long-life, low drain applications, e.g. remote sensors and surveillance equipment.
1. A battery cell comprising, an unalloyed active metal as anode, a mixture of graphite and a compound selected from the group consisting of a transition metal halide and sulfide as cathode and an electrolyte of chloroaluminate molten salt buffered to Lewis acid-base neutrality by a metal halide.
2. The cell of claim 1 wherein said anode is an active metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca and Ba.
3. The cell of claim 1 wherein said cathode includes a metal mesh current collector.
4. The cell of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte is a molten salt above and below 20� C.
5. The cell of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte is MEIC-AlCl3 buffered with a sodium halide.
6. The cell of claim 2 wherein said electrolyte is MEIC-AlCl3 buffered with a halide salt of the active metal anode.
7. The cell of claim 1 wherein the anode and cathode have a porous separator interposed therebetween.
8. The cell of claim 7 wherein said separator is a borosilicate tube, said anode is inserted within said tube and said cathode contacts the exterior of said tube.
9. The cell of claim 8 wherein said electrolyte is in said tube, through said tube and soaked into said cathode.
10. The cell of claim 1 wherein said cathode is a mixture of CuCl2 and graphite.
11. The cell of claim 2 which includes a reaction selected from the group consisting of:
Be+2CuCl→BeCl2 +2Cu
Be+2AgCl→BeCl2 +2Ag
Mg+2CuCl→MgCl2 +2Cu
Mg+2AgCl→MgCl2 +2Ag
Ca+2AgCl→CaCl2 +2Ag
Ca+2CuCl→CaCl2 +2Cu
Ba+2CuCl→BaCl2 +2Cu
Ba+2AgCl→BaCl2 +2Ag
2Na+CuS→Na2 S+Cu and
2K+CuS→K2 S+Cu
12. The cell of claim 1 wherein said chloroaluminate molten salt includes aluminum chloride and an organic chloride salt.
13. The cell of claim 12 wherein the electrolyte includes AlCl3 at a mole fraction of 0.50 or more and an excess of alkali metal halide added thereto to buffer said electrolyte to said neutrality.
14. The cell of claim 11 wherein said cathode includes a transition metal halide selected from the group consisting of CuCl and AgCl.
15. The cell of claim 5 which includes the reaction of Na+CuCl2 →NaCl+CuCl and provides an open circuit voltage of up to 2.78V or more.
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalty thereon.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an electrochemical cell having a molten salt electrolyte, particularly a cell which also has an active metal electrode therein.
2. The Prior Art
Present day electrochemical cells which employ molten salt electrolytes, operate at temperatures from 200� C. to 600� C. Such high temperatures cause material failures due to the harsh environment. Such batteries also require large amounts of insulation and complex thermal controls.
In the recent past, attention has been directed to reduced temperature molten salts. Thus chloroaluminate molten salts are mixtures of aluminum chloride and a chloride donor, which is usually an alkali metal chloride or organic chloride. The most studied chloroaluminate molten salts are the mixtures of NaCl/AlCl3, BPC/AlCl3 and MEIC/AlCl3, where BPC is 1-(1-butyl) pyridinium chloride and MEIC is 1-methyl-3-ethylimidzolium chloride. The latter two binary molten salts have the advantage of having compositions with melting points below room temperature, i.e. they are room temperature molten salts or ionic liquids.
In one example, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride and aluminum chloride, herein MEIC-AlCl3, many of the physical, chemical and electrochemical properties of the molten salt, depend on the composition, i.e. the relative proportions of MEIC and AlCl3. The maximum voltage that a battery cell can deliver is determined by the decomposition potentials of the electrolyte. The difference between the anodic and cathodic decomposition limits is called the electrochemical window of the electrolyte.
The window in the MEIC-AlCl3 melts depends on the chemical species present, which is determined by the composition thereof. The value for the molten salts is about 2.4V, compared with about 1.5V for water-based electrolytes. While 2.4V is a good window, the MEIC-AlCl3 molten salts have a particular composition where the window expands to 4.5V.
However, such wide window point, e.g. where MEIC and AlCl3 are equal, at 50 mole fraction each (called the neutral point) had been difficult to maintain until a recent invention which is disclosed in a patent application entitled; Method And Composition For Chloroaluminate Molten Salts Having A Wide Electrochemical Window, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,096,789 on Mar. 17, 1992, by J. S. Wilkes et al., which disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
That invention relates to a method for obtaining and maintaining a wide electrochemical window in chloroaluminate molten salts by adding to such molten salts, (where mole fraction AlCl3 :MEIC is greater than or equal to 1:1), an alkali metal chloride salt, e.g. NaCl, to buffer such molten salts to a Lewis acid-base neutrality.
The present invention makes use of such reduced temperature (wide window) molten salts in constructing a reduced temperature electrochemical cell of relatively high voltage. That is, the applicant employs an active metal as the anode in a battery cell that contains the above buffered molten salt electrolye, as more fully discussed below.
In related prior art, U.S. Pat. No. 4,463,071 to Gifford et al (1984), relates to the use of chloroaluminate molten salts as electrolytes with the addition of alkali metal salts, including NaCl, to such electrolytes. However the Gifford reference discloses such salts as a source of active metal ion for insertion into their electrodes during cell operation (Col. 2, lines 18-21 and Col. 6, lines 15 and 16). That is, Gifford's anode will not function without such cation supply.
The present invention, however, adds alkali metal chloride to choroaluminate molten salts for a different purpose, to buffer them into wide window neutrality, as discussed above. Further, an anode of active metal is employed in the battery cell of the present invention.
In other prior art, U.S. Pat. No. 4,463,072, to Gifford et al (1984) and U.S. Pat. No. 4,882,244, to Donahue et al. (1989), disclose metal anodes in acidic electrolytes. In such electrolytes active metals chemically react to the point of distraction and are thus not suitable.
Accordingly, there has now been discovered a battery cell that makes what is believed the first use of an active metal as the anode therein, which contains a reduced-temperature molten salt electrolyte. The use of such active metal anode results in a higher voltage at, e.g. room temperature, than for any other known cell containing a molten salt electrolyte.
Broadly the present invention provides an electrochemical cell comprising, an active metal as anode, a mixture of a transition metal halide or sulfide and graphite as the cathode, and an electrolyte of chloroaluminate molten salt buffered to Lewis acid-base neutrality by a metal halide.
In one embodiment, the anode is of sodium metal, the cathode is a mixture of CuCl2 [Copper (II) chloride] and graphite in a metal mesh current collector and the electrolyte is a mixture of MEIC-AlCl3, buffered to Lewis acid-base neutrality by an excess of NaCl to provide voltage of up to 2.78V or more.
By "reduced temperature" as used herein, is meant battery operating temperatures below 200� C. including below 100� C., to room temperature of 20� C. or below.
The invention will become apparent from the following detailed specification and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation schematic view of a battery cell embodying the present invention and
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view of the battery cell embodiment of FIG. 1, taken on lines 2--2, looking in the direction of the arrows.
Referring to the invention in more detail, shown is a battery cell 10, having a container 12, in which is mounted a copper mesh current collector 14, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Part of the mesh is twisted into a wire to serve as a cell connection 16, as shown in FIG. 1. A borosilicate glass tube 18, is placed in the center of the cell 10 and a dry cathode mixture 20, e.g. copper(II)chloride, is poured around the outside of the tube 18, tamping after each small addition of the cathode mixture powder. Enough cathode mixture is added to cover the copper mesh current collector 14. Electrolyte 22 is added into the glass tube 18 to soak through such tube and into the cathode mixture 20, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Enough electrolyte is so added that after the cathode mixture has become thus saturated, the level of the electrolyte is even with the top of such cathode mixture 20, i.e. at line 21, shown in FIG. 1, once an anode is added thereto. Such anode is a cast sodium rod 24, having an embedded tungsten wire 26, therein, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
The invention thus includes a cell with a housing of, e.g. cylindrical shape with a cast sodium anode therein, surrounded by electrolyte, a borosilicate glass tube and an electrolyte saturated cathode mixture, having a metal current collector therein, as described above. Preferably the electrolyte is a mixture of 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium chloride and aluminum chloride or MEIC-AlCl3, buffered to neutral composition by the addition of a metal halide, e.g. NaCl, as described in the above referenced patent application by John S. Wilkes et al, previously incorporated herein by reference.
The battery cell of the present invention uses materials that are commonly available, easy to work with and are relatively inexpensive. Such cell operates at ambiant temperatures yet retains many of the advantages of molten salts without the high temperatures that cause material failures per the prior art. The use of sodium is believed the first use of an active metal in a room temperature, molten salt electrolyte.
The following example is given to illustrate the invention and should not be construed in limition thereof.
A battery cell was constructed that included a sodium anode, and a CuCl2 cathode in an electrolyte (melt) of MEIC-AlCl3 (0.55 mole fraction AlCl3), which was buffered by adding 10% excess NaCl thereto. A dry mixture of copper (II) chloride and graphite (50 wt. %) was added around the the glass tube. The tube was filled with electrolyte which was allowed to soak through the tube walls and saturate the cathode mixture.
A solid sodium anode with a tungsten current collector was immersed in the electrolyte. Based on an overall cell reaction:
Na+CuCl2 →NaCl+CuCl
the therodynamic potential is 3.55V with a theoretical energy density of 604 Wh/kg. The open circuit voltage observed for this cell was 2.78V. Voltage-current data indicated an internal cell resistance of 66.7 ohms at loads less than 3.2 mA. The cell was discharged at currents up to 3 mA (0.75 mA/cm2).
More specifically, such cell was discharged at 1 mA for 150 minutes. When left on open circuit, such voltage recovered and the cell was subsequently discharged at 2 mA, for 67 hours. Such cell was subsequently discharged repeatedly after voltage recovery on open circuit.
Subsequent cells were discharged at 3 mA constant current (0.75 mA/cm2), delivering up to 30% of theoretical capacity when cell voltage reached 1V.
Any transition metal halide or sulfide, especially those of Iron (III), Molybdenum (VI) and Titanium (IV) can be suitable for the active cathode material.
Active metals of Groups I and II can serve as anodes when the electrolyte has been buffered with the appropriate metal halide.
Theoretical voltages and energy densities for alternative battery couples are given in the following table:
TABLE I______________________________________ E.D.Couple Equation E�(V) (Wh/kg)______________________________________Li/Cu Li + CuCl→LiCl + Cu 2.761 776.3Li/Ag Li + AgCl→LiCl + Ag 2.847 506.4Na/Cu Na + cuCl→NaCl + Cu 2.757 600.9Na/Ag Na + AgCl→NaCl + Ag 2.843 458.2K/Cu K + CuCl→KCl + Cu 3.009 558.2K/Ag K + AgCl→CKl + Ag 3.095 454.7Be/Cu Be + 2CuCl→BeCl2 + 2Cu 1.106 289.4Be/Ag Be + 2AgCl→BeCl2 + 2Ag 1.192 216.1Mg/Cu Mg + 2CuCl→MgCl2 + 2Cu 1.853 450.9Mg/Ag Mg + 2AgCl→MgCl2 + 2Ag 1.932 333.1Ca/Ag Ca + 2AgCl→CaCl2 + 2Ag 2.900 658.7Ca/Cu Ca + 2CuCl→CaCl2 + 2Cu 2.983 489.3Ba/Cu Ba + 2CuCl→BaCl2 + 2Cu 2.979 479.0Ba/Ag Ba + 2AgCl→BaCl2 + 2Ag 3.065 387.4Na/Cu 2Na + CuS→Na2 S + Cu 1.56 590.7K/Cu 2K + CuS→K2 S + Cu 1.60 481.2______________________________________
Thus, as noted above, the cell of the invention employs an actve metal anode in a room temperature molten salt electrolyte and gives a high voltage. Battery cells of the present invention can be used for long life, low drain applications such as remote sensors, surveillance equipment and as back-up power for electronic equipment.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Patti Hart
Posts from the Houston Chronicle's City & State columnist
Monthly Archive for December, 2012
How does your elected representative make a living?
A week ago Monday, I drove to downtown Austin, parked, fed a parking meter, and walked to the office building that houses the records of the Texas Ethics Commission. There, I filled out a form, providing my name, address and telephone number, in order to see the personal financial statements of Houston area lawmakers. I […] [Read More]


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This past week, SEARHC welcomed sixteen Alaska Native/American Indian high school students from Alaskan communities to learn about health careers as they participated in the 2014 Ethel Lund Village Health Occupations Program (VHOP) that took place from April 21-25 in Sitka. This year's group was the largest to date and included two students that had participated in the program previously.
Students spent a week at the SEARHC S'áxt' Hít Mt. Edgecumbe Hospital learning about different health careers and educational opportunities with a goal of cultivating and encouraging an interest in the growing field of health care, and hope that a health-related career grows out of those efforts.
For more information about VHOP, contact Louise Brady at 966-8903, or visit the VHOP webpage.
SEARHC will be offering bystander intervention training to the communities of Klukwan, Angoon, and Kake. This training has been given the name Lingit Tundatáni and means "being strong like our ancestors" and is intended to provide community members the tools necessary to help keep a family member, friend or other community member safer when they have been binge drinking, heavy drinking or underage drinking as inappropriate alcohol consumption puts individuals and others in the community at risk for injury, illness or death.
Lingit Tundatáni is a non-clinical, public education experience offered as a 2-3 hour workshop that will be held in Klukwan on April 29, 2014 at 5:30 p.m. at the Klukwan ANS Hall with others to be scheduled in Angoon and Kake in the near future. Please contact SEARHC Behavioral Health Prevention Specialist, Joanne Spud at (907) 766-6319 or email@example.com for more information on how to participate in any of these workshops.
On Saturday, April 12th during the Skagway Health Fair, Amanda Roberts, SEARHC Tobacco Health Educator, presented a certificate from the SEARHC Tobacco Program to the Skagway Traditional Council in recognition of the Council adopting a smoke-free tribal resolution for their facilities. Marla Belisle, SEARHC Referral Care Coordinator, accepted the certificate on the Council's behalf.
Smoke-free policies protect tribal citizens from the dangers of secondhand smoke exposure, reduce youth initiation to smoking, and help promote quitting tobacco. We are proud to support the Skagway Traditional Council taking strides to protect the health of their tribal employees, members, and visitors.
The WISEWOMAN Women's Health Program in partnership with the Breast Cancer Detection Center has set the Spring 2014 mobile mammography schedule. The mobile mammography van will visit Angoon from May 12-14, Haines from May 17-21, Kake on May 23 & 24, 2014. For more information contact your local clinic, call the SEARHC WISEWOMAN Women's Health Program in Sitka at 966-8782 (or 1-888-388-8782, toll-free in Alaska), or e-mail the WISEWOMAN Health Program.
Applications are currently being accepted now through June 20, 2014 at 4:30 pm. Awards go towards the academic Fall 2014 – Summer 2015 school year. ANTHC grants these scholarships as an integral part of its long-term strategy to increase Alaska Natives and American Indians in the healthcare field. You may visit the ANTHC website for more information.


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Derrick Dockery
Redskins Release Two More
The Redskins released two popular veterans on Tuesday, parting ways with Derrick Dockery and Andre Carter.
Derrick Dockery Thanks Redskins Nation For Their Support
Dockery thanks Redskins fans and talks about his time here in DC.
Redskins @ Lions, Pregame
Lions inactives: WR Derrick Williams, RB Aaron Brown, CB Brandon McDonald, OT Jason Fox, C Cody Wallace, DE Willie Young, DE Lawrence Jackson. Redskins inactives: CB Kevin Barnes, RB Clinton Portis, RB Chad Simpson, LB […]


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It's the well-worn, short-yet-storied line that's become nearly cliché: "I'm not a feminist, but…"—one that's now some kind of standard midpoint in our culture's endless wrangling about the F word. Now "I'm not a feminist, but…" is being re-examined via comics in the forthcoming anthology The Big Feminist BUT, edited by Suzanne Kleid, Joan Reilly, and Shannon O'Leary. The anthology, which has a website, features comic artists' takes on what the editors call the "contradictory 'post-feminist' playing field" we're (apparently) living in today.
Page Turner interviewed O'Leary to learn just what it is about that big but that irks her and her co-editors, whether she thinks we really are living in a "post-feminist" playground, her picks of the best comics for comic-obsessed feminists, and (yes, it exists) sexism in the comics world. Read on for more!
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Action Door now distributor of Titan Screen
Action Automatic Door & Gate, offering garage doors and automatic gate systems in Southwest Florida for nearly 40 years, is a new distributor of Titan Screen™ manufactured by Sunmaster of Naples Inc., announced George Ebel, Action Automatic's founder and CEO.
Titan is a protective screen for residential and commercial windows, doors and garage doors that features an automated retractable system. Titan Screen provides shelter against insects, energy-efficient sun shading, and climate-control and rain/wind reduction. The screens require minimal space and can be used for both privacy and ventilation of the garage.
"Windows and doors are a major source of unwanted heat gain and loss, so selecting a solar-rated fabric by Titan Screen can help reduce utility bills and save up to 50 percent of the energy used to heat and cool homes," Ebel said.
Representatives from Sunmaster and Titan Screen recently conducted training at both the Fort Myers and Naples showrooms for technicians and sales personnel on this relatively new product.
This story is contributed by a member of the community and is neither endorsed nor affiliated with Naples Daily News.
Subscribe to the Naples Daily News
Need Help? Call us at 1-888-878-6842.
Monday-Friday: 6am-6pm / Saturday: 7am-3pm / Sunday: 7am-2pm


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of Medicine for administrative support, including housing and force protection. In addition, NAMRU-2 receives funding from companies like Abbott Laboratories and SmithKline for support of collaborative projects. Fiscal year 2001 GEIS funding is expected to total $1,075,000 (GEIS, 2000c).
A subcommittee of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee to Review the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System visited NAMRU-2 from October 2 to 5, 2000. The subcommittee also visited a newly developed extension facility in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, that NAMRU-2 operates jointly with the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS), Bangkok, Thailand, on October 6 and 7, 2000. The IOM subcommittee consisted of committee members Ruth Berkelman and Ronald St. John. A list of the people met and interviewed and the itinerary followed can be found at the end of this chapter.
NAMRU-2 houses an extensive laboratory facility within a 62,000square-foot laboratory, office, and storage space in Jakarta, Indonesia (GEIS, 2000e). The NAMRU-2 facility is collocated with the Directorate General of Communicable Disease Control and Environmental Health (a part of the MoH, hereafter referred to as "Indonesian CDC") and the Litbangkes (Indonesian National Institute of Health Research and Development, part of the Indonesian Ministry of Health). Litbangkes allocates free space on the entire third floor of its building for NAMRU-2 laboratories. NAMRU-2 also occupies a large warehouse nearby that houses additional laboratories, materials and supplies, and administrative offices. The Association for the Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care-International accredits NAMRU-2 laboratory animal facilities (GEIS, 2000e).
NAMRU-2's Jakarta laboratory is equipped to support medical research- and disease surveillance-related activities, activities that use approaches ranging from classical microbiology to modern molecular biology-based approaches. Within this facility, a conventional scientific organizational structure consisting of bacteriology, virology, parasitology, and entomology departments is maintained along with a recently added emerging infectious disease component. The NAMRU-2 laboratory facility in Jakarta possesses a biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) capacity and a nearly complete BSL-3 capacity. Specimens from fatal cases and pathogens with rapid incubation periods are sent to collaborators and supporting facilities that possess BSL-4 capabilities for analysis.
NAMRU-2 is establishing a subsidiary laboratory in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, to provide an operational base site to support disease surveillance and epidemiological activities. The Cambodian National Institute of


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No Easy Day: The Autobiography of a Navy SEAL: The Firsthand Account of the Mission That Killed Osama Bin LadenCD-Audio
Currently unavailable
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- Publisher: PENGUIN AUDIO
- Format: CD-Audio | 6 pages
- Dimensions: 132mm x 145mm x 20mm | 159g
- Publication date: 4 September 2012
- Publication City/Country: New York
- Edition: Unabridged
- Edition statement: Unabridged
- Sales rank: 464,546
Product description
For the first time anywhere, the first-person account of the planning and execution of the Bin Laden raid from a Navy Seal who confronted the terrorist mastermind and witnessed his final moment From the streets of Iraq to the rescue of Captain Richard Phillips in the Indian Ocean, and from the mountaintops of Afghanistan to the third floor of Osama Bin Laden's compound, operator Mark Owen of the U.S. Naval Special Warfare Development Group -- commonly known as SEAL Team Six -- has been a part of some of the most memorable special operations in history, as well as countless missions that never made headlines. " No Easy Day" puts readers alongside Owen and the other handpicked members of the twenty-four-man team as they train for the biggest mission of their lives. The blow-by-blow narrative of the assault, beginning with the helicopter crash that could have ended Owen's life straight through to the radio call confirming Bin Laden's death, is an essential piece of modern history. In N"o Easy Day," Owen also takes readers onto the field of battle in America's ongoing War on Terror and details the selection and training process for one of the most elite units in the military. Owen's story draws on his youth in Alaska and describes the SEALs' quest to challenge themselves at the highest levels of physical and mental endurance. With boots-on-the-ground detail, Owen describes numerous previously unreported missions that illustrate the life and work of a SEAL and the evolution of the team after the events of September 11. In telling the true story of the SEALs whose talents, skills, experiences, and exceptional sacrifices led to one of the greatest victories in the War on Terror, Mark Owen honors the men who risk everything for our country, and he leaves readers with a deep understanding of the warriors who keep America safe.
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Mark Owen is a former member of the U.S. Naval Special Warfare Development Group, commonly known as SEAL Team Six. In his many years as a Navy SEAL, he has participated in hundreds of missions around the globe, including the rescue of Captain Richard Phillips in the Indian Ocean in 2009. Owen was a team leader on Operation Neptune Spear in Abbottabad, Pakistan, on May 1, 2011, which resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden. Owen was one of the first men through the door on the third floor of the terrorist mastermind's hideout, where he witnessed Bin Laden's death. Mark Owen's name and the names of the other SEALs mentioned in No Easy Day have been changed for their security. Kevin Maurer has covered special operations forces for nine years. He has been embedded with the Special Forces in Afghanistan six times, spent a month in 2006 with special operations units in east Africa, and has embedded with U.S. forces in Iraq and Haiti. He is the author of four books, including several about special operations.


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American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23, 2006 Enemy fighters attacked a Baghdad mosque, and U.S. forces detained a gunman with possible links to an improvised explosive device they were securing in separate incidents yesterday. U.S. troops also discovered a weapons cache Jan. 20.
Terrorists fired mortars at a mosque in north-central Baghdad at about 6:40 p.m. yesterday. Soldiers from the 1st Battalion, 2nd Brigade, 6th Iraqi Army Division, accompanied by coalition forces, observed at least five mortar rounds impact near a mosque in the Adhamiyah neighborhood. All rounds appear to have impacted near the mosque with none impacting the mosque directly. Local officials are assessing the damage.
Elsewhere, Task Force Band of Brothers soldiers captured a gunman after a brief car chase through Mosul. Soldiers from the 172nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team were securing an IED they had discovered while patrolling in the city when they started taking small-arms fire. As they searched the area for the shooter, the patrol took more gunfire from a nearby car.
The soldiers pursued the car through the city and engaged it with rifle fire, causing the driver to lose control and crash. The suspect fled the scene on foot and tried to hide among a group of local men, but the soldiers identified the gunman and took him into custody. The gunman's vehicle tested positive for explosives residue, possibly linking him to the IED, which was safely destroyed.
Soldiers with the Illinois National Guard and Marines from 2nd Marine Logistics Group (Forward) captured a weapons cache and detained two suspected insurgents during a combat patrol Jan. 20 near the city of Qaryat al Jaffah.
The cache consisted of 82 mm mortar rounds, artillery and mortar fuses, wire, armor-piercing machine-gun rounds, rocket-propelled grenades with boosters and a launcher, hand grenades, 57 mm rockets, 122 mm artillery shells, and small-arms rounds. Marine Corps military dogs were used in the caches' search and discovery.
The servicemembers make up what is known as Task Force Blackhawk. Prior to their current assignment, the unit was attached to Multinational Force Baghdad, working near the Iraqi capital, where they captured more than 30 weapons caches.
(Compiled from Multinational Force Iraq and Task Force Band of Brothers news releases.)


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Lenoir-Rhyne 34
Davidson 18
(0-2, 0-1 home)
7:00 PM ET, September 14, 2013
Richardson Stadium (Davidson, NC), Davidson, NC
Top Performers
Passing: J. Carkhuff (DAV) - 374 YDS, 3 TD
Rushing: R. Klein (DAV) - 7 CAR, 37 YDS
Receiving: W. Morris (DAV) - 7 REC, 119 YDS, 1 TD
Use a Facebook account to add a comment, subject to Facebook's Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. Your Facebook name, photo & other personal information you make public on Facebook will appear with your comment, and may be used on ESPN's media platforms. Learn more.


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Discover More Ideas You'll Need
White Owl Accent Lamp Base 6 6
Looks great! These are really great looking. I didn't give a 5 for "meets expectations" because they were smaller than I thought they would be (even though I checked the measurements!). Otherwise, fantastic! May 10, 2015
Great little lamp! This is a nice heavy lamp that is on the smaller side, so check measurements if you need something big. It's completely perfect in our daughter's nursery, and we love it so much we have another for a different room. Purchased great shades for each at World Market also. I really like that it has an antiquey feel to it... September 9, 2013
Owl Accent Lamp I replied to the reviewer just prior -- see that for more detail. I really like this lamp and have purchased several lamps and shades from WM - I have not been disappointed yet! Cute lamp! July 6, 2013
stopped working I bought this lamp as a desk lamp for my daughter. 3 days later, after minimal use, it stopped working. I have 2 other WM table lamps that have never given me a problem. Torn between trying another one or returning. November 14, 2014
This lamp is NOT white! I bought this "white" lamp to match my daughter's nursery. This is nowhere close to being called white. It is a cream/beige color. Also the cord is black. Who wants a "white" lamp with a black cord? Just not well thought out and very disappointed in what I received. I am shipping it right back for a refund. June 18, 2013
Great lamp, if it worked... This lamp looks great and is very sturdy. However, it stopped working after using it in my daughter's nursery for only 6 months. The problem appears to be an issue with the switch. Unfortunately, too much time has passed for me to return it, so now I"m out of luck. March 13, 2014
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If it has wheels, you can race it. Mike Haag keeps you up to speed on the racing scene in and around South Texas in his Motorsports blog.
Monthly Archive for March, 2010
Milka Duno to compete in full 2010 IndyCar Series schedule
IZOD IndyCar Driver Milka Duno has signed with Dale Coyne Racing for the full 2010 IndyCar Series Championship schedule. While this will be Duno's fourth consecutive season in IndyCar – it will mark her first full-schedule season. [Read More]
NASCAR's Kurt Busch to compete in NHRA Gatornationals
NASCAR Sprint Cup driver Kurt Busch is going to compete in the NHRA Gatornationals next weekend in Gainesville, Florida. [Read More]
Pro Bracket Series racing starts today at San Antonio Raceway
San Antonio Raceway will open the 2010 Pro Bracket Series summer season today at the quarter-mile dragstrip near Marion. [Read More]
Atlanta NASCAR preview
The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series will race at Atlanta Motor Speedway on Sunday. [Read More]
Today is Media Day at Texas Motor Speedway
E-MAIL MIKE HAAG FORT WORTH — Media outlets from across Texas are here at Texas Motor Speedway today for the track's annual Media Day . Normally, the event has been reserved for local and regional media outlets as well as special guests, but today South Texas race fans will have an opportunity to view the […] [Read More]
Show More


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From the Juicer: Asian Pear, Basil and Lemon Juice
This juice combines the delicate, floral sweetness of Asian pear with sophisticated, complex basil and a generous splash of bright, tart lemon. A little bit of celery brings it all together for a smooth finish. It's interesting without being too crazy, as evidenced by the fact that my two pre-teen taste testers not only didn't roll their eyes at it but seemed to genuinely enjoy it. More


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Choral Music Department
Course Syllabus and contract for Advance Choir
Instructor: Shelli Rimes
Prerequisite: Mixed Choir and Pass the Audition
The goal and purpose of this class is to enhance the students musicianship through choral music. The class will focus on performing fine choral literature, learning proper vocal technique, learning musical theory concepts as well as the history of music. Students will improvise and compose using standard compositional techniques. Students will also evaluate vocal performance and practice proper performance and audience behavior. Students will relate music to history and culture, to the arts, and to other core disciplines. Throughout the semester, aspects of the
Materials Needed
Classroom Rules
· BE ON TIME: Be in your seat and ready for class BEFORE the bell rings or you are considered tardy.
· BE PREPARED: Bring the necessary materials (paper, pencils, etc ) to class everyday.
· BE RESPECTFUL: Behave appropriately towards your classmates and teacher (including substitute). What is considered appropriate?
Discipline Procedures for Off-Task Behavior
If you miss detention, you will be written up.
Tardiness to detention will result in another morning detention.
Repeated Offenses will result in dismissal from the Sparkman Choral Department.
Class Procedures and Expectations for all Choral Members
Failure to comply with the below procedures and expectations may lead to suspension from future choral activities and possible dismissal from the Sparkman Choral Department.
· If you are absent, it is up to YOU to find out what you missed in class. You will be expected to make up any missed assignments or tests the day you return. If you are out for more than 3 days, we will discuss dates for the make-up work.
Grades and School Conduct
· As a member of an extra-curricular group, you are responsible for maintaining passing grades. If a choir member fails a class, the director has the right move you to a Mixed or Intermediate Choir the following semester and you will not be allowed to attend field trips.
Concert Performances and Rehearsals
Course Fee
Grading Policy
Participation Grades
Extra Credit


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RSS feed
Hundreds of LMU students, along with faculty and staff at the university, led a rally on campus urging state legislators to reject a proposal from Gov. Jerry Brown that would slash the maximum Cal Grant award and make college less affordable for many Californians. The event, held April 27, is the latest effort by LMU students to protect Cal Grants. In March, two LMU students joined a rally outside the state Capitol, where legislators were considering the governor's proposal. Cal Grants are state-funded awards given to California students to defray the cost of tuition at a college or university in the state. Unlike loans, they do not need to be paid back. Gov. Brown has proposed reducing the maximum Cal Grant award by nearly half, to $5,472 for students at independent colleges like LMU.
© 2012 Loyola Marymount University


text: The word from the Netherlands is that both bands went over well. Here are some pictures from the shows at the bands' agency's Facebook page. Dark Buddha Rising was also named as one of the highlights of Roadburn, check out the article here. Metal Rage calls them one of the best discoveries of the weekend. Here's also a nice write up of Oranssi Pazuzu (Spinefarm Records).


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Bob's Bloggers
A community of bloggers who live and die to DIY
Our Sadly Forgotten Veggie Garden
By Picardy Project on Apr 25, 2012
Our veggie garden has sat pretty sadly in our backyard since last Spring/Summer
We're bad veggie garden tenders
We really are actually pretty bad when it comes to working on our yards. I'm not a huge gardener first off (I don't know why though because I always have fun when I finally get started), and we also have sooooo much going on inside the house that I think it's hard to get our brain wrapped around another area that we need to tend to. As a result, our backyard usually looks like a disaster. But with the amazingly yummy weather we had this past weekend I decided it was finally time to rescue the veggie garden and plant some yummy veggies.
Chris' mom helped us build the raised bed a few months after we first moved in as a housewarming present to us 3 years ago
And the weeds were getting a tad ridiculous and it was probably time to add some more soil, so I hopped to it
And look at all the wonderful goodies I had to make it wonderful again
After I tilled the soil I added in 3 bags of new soil, 1 bag of compost, some bone meal and plant food and tilled again
Then it was time to get to planting. First went in the corn
Now, I don't actually like corn (Chris does) and I have a feeling these might get really big and out of hand, but because we're not great gardeners, we sorta have a habit of not knowing what the hell we're doing and planting something and seeing what happens, so I guess we'll see what happens
Then we planted three varieties of tomatoes (which usually do really well with our complete laziness) and some yellow squash
Lastly was a row of bunching onions and zucchini, and then it was done
And a HUGE improvement on what it looked like a mere 2 hours before
I'm really excited for the yummy tomatoes we get
Hooray for nature: I mix around some soil, toss in some plants, let them soak up some sun and throw in a little water and soon we'll have some tasty morsels to eat! :)


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Embodying Spirit in Everyday Living Weekend of October 11-13 , 2013
$405.00 – $1,750.00 (based on accommodation type)This workshop's start date has passed.
Workshop Details
You are invited to spend a weekend with a group of exceptional leaders who will help us reveal our spiritual essence in pragmatic and tangible ways in business, in the arts and sciences, in community, and in other aspects of daily living. We will explore unrealized capacities for illumination, dramatic renewal, self-surpassing love, and a sense of eternal freedom and identity.
This is not a quiet weekend! While Esalen is for many a retreat – spiritual or humanistic, depending on your point of view – and one renowned for meditative experiences, our annual benefit weekend promises cross-fertilization of ideas, creativity and multiple perspectives. Today, more than ever, many of us feel a need to live more deeply and to find ways to integrate mindfulness or spirituality into the many facets of our complex lives.
Our 12th Annual Benefit Weekend is when dedicated Friends of Esalen, as well as newcomers, join together in providing philanthropic support for Esalen's mission in Big Sur and around the world.
It is a unique opportunity for you to gather with like hearts and minds and participate in what lies ahead for Esalen. In the camaraderie and shared intention of our time together, we will encounter new possibilities for ourselves, for our shared world, and for Esalen's unique ability to embody spirituality in everyday life.
If you can't make it to the Annual Benefit and the live auction, at least consider donating in or participating in, our online auction!
Confirmed presenters include:
• Brother David Steindl-Rast
• Joan Borysenko
• Robert Hass
• Gay and Katie Hendricks
• Brenda Hillman
• Michael Krasny
• Michael Murphy
• Maranda Pleasant
• Banafsheh Sayyad
• Ashley Smith-Johnson
Registration & Pricing
To register or learn more, please contact Gayle Felbain at email@example.com, 831-250-1022 x249.
Prices include a $1000 donation and are all inclusive-- lodging, meals, full program, activities, etc.
• Shared Standard room: $1730 (Includes a $1000 donation).
• Standard couple: $3500 (includes a $1000 donation per person).
• Off property: $1400 per person (Includes a $1000 donation per person).
Please contact Gayle Felbain for pricing on premium accommodation.


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SPECIES: Kiwa Hirsuta. The new animal resembling a furry lobster, just discovered in the South Pacific (not in your pants) (AP)
DECENT EXPOSURE: Fall Out Boy's Pete Wentz's 'pete' falls out of his pants onto his sidekick and all over the internet (The Bosh)
DANCERS: Rob Fosse's man-bottomless dancers. Prepping for a new show is a little less stressful when you've got room breathe. (screenhead)
WORD: Bootylicious. It's no 'fabulosity' but it did officially get added to the Oxford English Dictionary. (Female First)
HELMET: Jennifer Love Hewitt's hair at a recent event looks like it could snap into her skull lego-style. (IDLYITW)


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Below is the poem entitled You which was written by poet
Deal. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Karla Deal
I never thought that I would
Fall in love with such an incredible man as you
You fill my every day with warm sunshine
God must have known that eventually you'd be mine
You make me melt inside with your gentle kisses
And your loving embrace
When I'm in your arms, it's always a comforting place
You are always there to wipe a tear from my soft green eyes
Baby, I know you never like to see me cry
And I hope that you will never, ever tell me "good-bye"
So, just to let you know
I quietly say a prayer each night when I'm in our bed
"God, please let our love be forever strong"
And you climb into bed next to me, holding me tight
"Baby, you say. I love you deeply and everything is going to be alright"


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Ronaldo stretches United's advantage
Man Utd 3 - 2 Reading: Sir Alex Ferguson received an early birthday present as Ronaldo grabbed another brace to send United six points clear.
Nade fires the Blades and Jagielka saves the day
Sheff Utd 1 - 0 Arsenal: Christian Nade's 40th-minute strike was enough to see off the Gunners despite playing the last 20 minutes with Phil Jagielka in goal.
Reds v Blues...
The battle between Man United and Chelsea is so much more than a title race, says Paul Wilson
News & features p2
James suffers more calamities as Anelka turns the screw
Bolton 3 - 2 Portsmouth: Bolton cemented their place in the top four as they came from behind against Pompey.
Volz shocker helps stun Chelsea into standstill
Chelsea 2 - 2 Fulham: Carlos Bocanegra stole the headlines from Moritz Volz as his late equaliser left Chelsea six points off the pace.
Cole 'out for season'
Jose Mourinho has confirmed Joe Cole could be out for the season after the midfielder was advised to undergo surgery.
News & features p3
Born-again Cristiano
Cristiano Ronaldo's stunning form this season has silenced his post-World Cup critics.
News & features p4
Here's something Jose really could moan about
After Jose Mourinho's complaints about the strength of his squad, Paul Wilson reveals it could all have been worse had this been an African Cup of Nations year.
News & features p5
Garcia shoots down Spurs' home run
Tottenham 0 - 1 Liverpool: Luis Garcia scored the only goal for the Reds to end Tottenham's 12-match home winning streak.
News & features p6
Managers stage kickabout to bring Watford abandonment
Watford's match with Wigan became a victim of the horrendous weather, much to the chagrin of Emile Heskey and Tamas Priskin.
Beasley heaps more pressure on Hammers
West Ham 0 - 1 Man City
News & features p7
Hughes lifts Charlton's hopes
Charlton 2 - 1 Aston Villa
Anichebe and Neville show Martins the way
Everton 3 - 0 Newcastle
Cardiff's slump continues as Jones hopes for happy new year
Cardiff 0 - 0 Crystal Palace: Cardiff slide down the table continued as Palace left Ninian Park with a point.
McCarthy extends Boro's awayday woes
Blackburn 2 - 1 Middlesbrough
News & features p8
Smith's late strike makes Strachan hit the bottle
Motherwell 1 - 1 Celtic: Darren Smith's late goal condemned Celtic to their third draw in four games.
Samuel double sees off frustrated Aberdeen
Aberdeen failed to cut Celtic's lead at the top of the SPL as they beaten 3-1 at Dundee United.
Woe for Wise as Leeds fall further into peril
Leeds' woes continued as they were suffered their fifth defeat in seven games at Stoke.
News & features p9
Number one target
Craig Gordan's performances for club and country have put him in the shop window ahead of the January transfer window.
News & features p10
And the rest... Ten other players tipped for big moves next month
to tilda
News & features p11
Where do we go from here?
With the Ashes gone and Melbourne's thrashing fresh in the mind, most expect the 5-0 whitewash will be completed in Sydney this week. Under investigation comes the coach, the players, the schedule - and the Wags.
News & features p14
Moody can make England mean and magnificent
According to Rod Marsh, Tom Moody is the man to lead England to 2009 Ashes glory.
News & features p15
La Dame for an encore
After a cakewalk at Huntingdon La Dame Brune looks set for a similar win at Warwick.
Pietersen is least of England's problems
Despite John Buchanen stinging remarks, Vic Marks believes England have bigger problems than Kevin Pietersen.
Go on, admit it - Ponting deserves greater respect
Events down under have highlighted Ricky Ponting's growing maturity as captain of Australia.
News & features p16
Sir Robin still buoyant
Sir Robin Knox-Johnston has vowed to fight on despite the damage suffered to his Saga Insurance boat.
Clubs are the standard-bearers in effort to raise flagging international hopes
Despite a series of disappointing autumn results for Wales and England the domestic competitions are proving to be crowd-pullers.
News & features p17
The tip-off
Pro versus reader versus beast: £500 to invest every week for four weeks - who'll make the most?
News & features p21
Spur seeks fame, Fisher wants to be king
Observer writers choose the emerging stars who will make their mark in 2007.