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Dalvik is dead: Next version of Android uses new ART runtime to boost speed, battery life
- By Sebastian Anthony on June 20, 2014 at 8:32 am
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The next major version of Android, which will probably be unveiled at Google I/O next week, will remove the Dalvik runtime and replace it with ART — the new Android Runtime. The main purpose of ART is to improve performance and smoothness of the core Android platform and stock apps, and third-party Android apps. Battery life and other core metrics should also be significantly improved. Brian Carlstrom, a member of Google's Dalvik engineering team, announced the Dalvik-ART switch-over with this rather amusing patch note: "Dalvik is dead, long live Dalvik! DO NOT MERGE."
Google first debuted ART back in November 2013 with the release of Android 4.4 KitKat. At the time it was an experimental feature that you could enable if you were feeling adventurous (
Settings > Developer Options > Select Runtime). With lots of extra feedback from the community, and hundreds of patches since then, Google now seems confident that ART is ready to replace Dalvik entirely.
Dalvik and ART are fundamentally different beasts, compiling and executing code in very different ways. Dalvik primarily uses a just-in-time (JIT) compiler that compiles code when you run an app; ART uses an ahead-of-time (AOT) compiler that compiles to machine code when you install the app. In theory this can speed up execution time significantly, and thus also increase battery life and some other important metrics. ART also introduces better garbage collection, which should improve performance and responsiveness. For more technical details, the Android ART developer pages are pretty good. Developers may have to make a few changes to their apps/processes, but ART is mostly a drop-in replacement.From an end-user perspective, the introduction of ART as the default Android runtime probably won't blow you away. Early benchmarks show performance improvements (~10%) in some applications, but slowdowns in other areas. By the time ART is officially introduced, those slowdowns (due to bugs and incompleteness) should be gone. As with any big change, ART's benefits won't really shine until Google and third-party app developers optimize their apps. Presumably the next major version of Android (4.5 or 5.0) will be optimized for ART, and will thus the interface and stock apps will be very fast and efficient. The next major version could be unveiled at Google I/O next week (though I reckon the 4.4 branch still has a ways to run).
The ultimate goal of ART is to make Android a slicker, more responsive platform — an area where iOS has historically dominated. There's also the possibility that ART is a reaction to the ongoing court case between Oracle and Google over Dalvik — Oracle claims that Dalvik infringes on its Java IP, and so far it looks like Oracle will win the suit. By moving away from Dalvik, Google might save itself (and its developers) a lot of expensive, litigious hurt.
Stay tuned for lots more Android news next week. Google I/O runs from June 25 to 26, with a big two-hour keynote on the 25th that should cover a lot of ground.
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The AnTuTu benchmark itself already shows that it's going to be a +5% average performance increase at best… It's more marketing than reality.
The compile-to-native-code it's only partially true.. it's still a virtual machine.. the improvements are really minor.
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Where are you getting your info from? As I have told you in the past, please don't spread FUD without the necessary citations.
Also, those are very early benchmarks. I would expect to see much better figures for newer versions of ART.
There's a possibility that this will be nothing — just a way to get away from the Oracle lawsuit. But that doesn't mean it's 'marketing'.
I really don't care if you dislike me. Anyway it's silly that you have to point it out everytime.
Anyone can see the numbers above. So when you don't like the numbers you tell people (or just me) that those are not the truth.. or are you trying to claim that I can't read the numbers above ?
Google is selling this thing as a revolution which is not. There is no real +50% nor even +20% average improvement. From the numbers above it's going to be nothing more than +5% to +%8 average maybe… not even a solid +10%
So the benchmarks when they prove Google claims wrong are not to be trusted,uh ?
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Where did Google promise 50% higher performance from ART…? Where did it promise that ART would be a revolution? I thought it was just some developer-side thing that may speed Android up a bit, and make it more responsive?
(This is what I mean by FUD. If Google actually promised 50% publicly, then please link it here. If they didn't say it, you shouldn't spread falsehoods/FUD.)
Your own previous article:
Quoting you "
Android ART: Google finally moves to replace Dalvik, to boost performance and battery life
By Sebastian Anthony on November 8, 2013 at 4:49 pm
Now, with Android 4.4, Google has revealed that a Dalvik replacement is in the works — a replacement, called Android Runtime (ART), that should improve the performance of
Android apps by a huge margin. The early version of ART in Android 4.4 already speeds up apps by around 100%, and the final version should be even better. "
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Ah-ha! Odd. Not sure what I was citing there. It could be a typo of 10%.
Or I might have been referring to certain functions that are more than 2x faster: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AnE-DX9Fbr9KdFZtRlhQaWxmVG5XdDR3TFR1Q3JONnc&usp=sharing#gid=0
But yeah, I would expect ART to bring a fairly sizable performance boost, overall.
JD Rahman
Hell has frozen over. Pigs are flying and I'm going to get laid. Chojin was right…?
Or could be a sign of the coming Apocalypse? Usually Chojin spreads FUD like crazy but this time he nail it! Spooky.
:) This Chojin guy strikes me as a bit deluded and full on apple-cult-brainwashed. So I find it reassuring that 11 people share your shock that he might actually be right about something.
Don't look only at benchmarks. JIT can cause micro-stuttering during using an app. With AOT everything is already compiled.
Sean Lumly
I'm not sure about all situations, but micro-stuttering is often caused by the periodic garbage collector sweep. A careful developer can avoid letting go of object references to reduce these pauses. But this is a runtime problem, not one of compilation methodologies, and I doubt that ART would help much in this regard.
I would love an option in Java to have the ability call the GC rather than have it automatically run when there is little danger of a disruption to the user (eg. right after a final OpenGL draw call).
There's System.gc() in Java, but it's only a suggestion. I'm not sure how well it works in Dalvik, I'm not a Android programmer.
Sean Lumly
Indeed! It may also be acceptable to mark objects for clean-up, which may reduce stack/heap-sweep duration. But the point is: a little control (for those that could use it) could be very helpful!
Sean Lumly
The boosts seem modest, but any improvement is an improvement, right? Even though small (eg. 5% – 10%), they may reduce the workload enough to have a noticeable effect on battery life.
Another benefit that users may notice is far quicker app launch times! I've noticed that only a handful of Android apps spring open when called upon, while most have a perceptible period of pause. A reduced requirement of JITing may be beneficial in this way.
Apple changed a lot on iOS with iOS 8 *BUT* Swift is going to give a +50% average performance boost compared to Objective-C and then the Metal API I doubt are going to be anything less than a +30% to +50% faster on average than OpenGL ES 3
Sean Lumly
iOS implementation is a different topic altogether.
I'm not sure about Swift, but Metal apps that are draw-call bound will certainly be faster, those that aren't will likely not see any improvement.
The fact you used antutu as an example here tells me you are just trying to trash android for some reason.
Why not use a comparative data from the charts and graphs you provided in the comments below( showing about 50% improvement from Dalvik) ?
So in the on of the day, you are actually criticizing Google for making an undeniable improvement in its VM.
Me? I used the AnTuTu benchmark ? Did I write the article above, perhaps? Please…
There have been comparative tests of ART Vs Dalvik Vs Native C and without a virtual machine native C compiled code runs 3 times faster on average than ART.
Then if you want to negate reality and claim that Android is going to be faster or as fast as native C code with ART then go on.. fact is that it's not true and it's not going to happen.
You must be delusional hoping that ART could give a +50% improvement over Dalvik. That is not going to happen at all.
>> It's more marketing than reality.
Wow, what a complete crock of sh*t.
There are limitations to ART, yes. This is an incremental improvement, not some drastic, game changing revolution. But to say 'its more marketing than..' is total nonsense. Its like you got tired of hearing people call out apple for their bullsh*t over-hyping of the 64bit migration, and just *want* to accuse google of the same thing. Sorry, google is not pulling an apple. Both companies are making improvements, but only apple is actively deceiving their logic challenged cheering squad with over-hyped marketing BS.
Using foul language here is not going to prove any of your points not to make ART run faster. That is for sure.
Insulting me it's not going to do anything either.
You are the one hating Apple here so much. And you want to believe the wonders of Google that are just not there. So now ART it's not going to improve Android much and you tell that that wasn't the plan at all.. sure. The marketing hype put on the 'net on ART by Google must be a dream then…
Despite how much you hate Apple it's a fact that Swift it's a lot faster than Objective-C. And it's a fact that the Metal API are going to be a lot faster than OpenGL ES for 3D, with main commercial 3D engines already supporting it.
And it's a fact that Android ART is not going be a lot faster despite any Google claims. Google should ditch the whole Java virtual machine thing and go all native C/C++ to achieve the best performance on their devices. But obviously that would mean rewriting Android from scratch.. a completely new OS based on Linux or something else.
I lost interest at:
"And you want to believe the wonders of Google that are just not there."
I do what now? It looks like you might live in some kind of weird fantasy world.
Google isn't pulling an apple here, no matter how much you might want to believe they are.
You are the one living in a fantasy world. If you enjoy being ripped off and you are happy with it then go on. Surely the rich managers selling crap and telling lies along with the marketing depts guys love people being sheep.
ART ran less than perfect on my MotoG, some apps(Like DraStic) wouldn't run at all. Hopefully this'll be fixed by then.
Asdacap Cap
Personally I think the biggest gain from ART is not benchmark wise performance, but the fact that when you touch the launcher, the app is already compiled. So in theory (I think) if the app is not loaded in RAM yet, it will start faster with ART.
" There's also the possibility that ART is a reaction to the ongoing court case between Oracle and Google over Dalvik"
Wait, how? It's still Java (kind of, it never was compatible with Java standards), just execution changed.
I'm also very curious about this.
My hope is that Google will launch two new versions of Android at Google I/O next week. Lets call them Android 4.5 and Android 5.0. Android 4.5 will be the continued evolution of what we have now and be 32bit and default to Dalvik. Android 5.0 will be 64bit only and will default to ART.
Sean Lumly
Not to toot my own horn — though who are we kidding, this is exactly what I am doing — but I remember suggesting a scheme identical to the ART compilation scheme way back in the Android 2.x days, specifically to overcome the performance shortcomings of the JIT (both startup and execution). It was met with hostility and insults.
But now I make a new provocation: I hope that the compiler team has thought ahead about de-coupling the compiler from being exclusively Java driven. There are situations where it is possible to write code for higher performance in alternative languages (eg. dev controlled garbage management) without sacrificing portability. Renderscript (AFAIK) aims to accomplish this, but seems more suited to certain types of strategies, and leaves little control over the execution target, which may be better determined by the developer.
But I believe this is a step in the right direction. If Google were really clever, they would consider a distributed solution for the problem of compiler optimization for commonly downloaded apps! Even with a brute force algorithm (spread over millions of android users), this could automate parts of the optimization problem in a platform agnostic way.
It's always just a virtual machine. Even when writing any C/C++ code with pointers everything gets translated to virtual machine code which can be put at an higher priority than the java code but it will never run as fast as a real C/C++ compiled code that doesn't run in a virtual machine environment.
Sean Lumly
Something compiled to a binary for native execution generally does not use a VM. Unless I'm mistaken, native compilation is at the heart of ART (corrections welcome if this is the case).
December 30, 2013 by Elmar Klausmeier
Performance of Dalvik versus native C compilation
Android application programs are usually written in the Java programming language. Java source code is compiled to bytecode, which is then interpreted by the Java virtual machine. Current virtual machines (VM for short) use two tricks to improve performance:
compile bytecode to machine code during run-time (JIT: just-in-time compilation)
optimize machine code according usage pattern (hotspot technology)
Despite all these tricks native code produced by C/C++ compilers is ways faster than JIT/hotspot, see for example shootout from 2008, or see The Computer Language Benchmarks Game.
Google bought FlexyCore to improve their performance of Dalvik. With Android KitKat one has the option to switch to ART, the new runtime environment which improves performance of the execution of Java binaries.
See below picture in Dalvik vs. ART vs. C for a recent performance comparison between Dalvik versus ART versus
plain C, still showing a gap of factor 3 between Dalvik and plain C:
Sean Lumly
What in the world gave you the impression that I was comparing Java (Dalvik or ART) performance to native C???
"Something compiled to a binary for native execution generally does not use a VM" … what were you trying to compare it to then? Other slow languages for the which the compiled code doesn't run in a virtual machine?
Sean Lumly
I see where you're confused. The second sentence of that message will lend some clarification. I was never comparing Java performance to a native language like C.
Very true. Either way us clumsy, inelegant, resource wasting. There will be no gains, aoart from the financial saving of one less court case. Chrome phones anyone?
Michael Murphy
Actually, check out the Go programming language that Google has been funding and using internally. It works natively on every OS, and a lot of Android developers have been badgering Google to support it on Android (which they have been refusing of course).
I'm a Go programmer myself, and it's significantly easier to write Go code than C/C++, yet it can be just as fast (and even faster) than native C code even with the automatic garbage collection going on in the background. It really helps that it makes writing programs that are concurrent stupid simple as well.
Sean Lumly
Thanks! I've actually been following Go since its inception (on and off) and have been *really* impressed by the language. Unfortunately, I've been hesitant to use it due to the lack of legacy C/C++ interoperability and uncertainty about its future. I'm not sure if the C/C++ thing has changed, but certainly it has stood the test of time and will not be going away at this point!
In any case, I agree that GO is a wonderful language that would do well on Android. This is why it would be great to have a common byte/bitcode (eg. LLVM) that android compilers targeted that could then be AOT/JIT/whatever to native code on Android. Of course, I can understand at least one case against this action: it may spread developers over too many languages, weakening community support.
Nicolas Klein
Sebastian: Does this affect developers in any way?
How will it affect c++ Native developers?
And lastly: ow does thiss affect load time (which isn't specified on the benchmarks)
Changing topics: I sent you a Facebook message since I have a private question for you, would you mind answering it (or at least telling me you won't so I can stop annoying you with this issue)
I have been running my N5 with ART enabled since about a month after I got it. ( I got it 2wks after launch) I have kept ART enabled… because it is noticeably quicker. Don't go off a single benchmark made from purposefully unoptimized code… give it a spin then make your judgement.
http://www.mrseb.co.uk/ Sebastian Anthony
Cool, thanks for the info :)
when will get a version that allows the end user to pick chinese, russian or NSA spyware? Right now its just a shot in the dark as to which version you will get.
Sanjay Negi
Awesome, really nice.
Alec Harrington
Dalvik: compile at app start, slow to start apps
ART: precompiled, more reads and writes to storage and more room taken up per app
Michael Murphy
Why would there be more writes to storage when writing to storage is a one time deal handled on the first boot with ART enabled?
Parks J Daniel
Its great news for Android users and developer. Now developing become very fast.
What's Google going to do, remotely brick my tablet and wipe all my apps because it runs Android 4.2 with Dalvik so Oracle doesn't win? Oh, wait, that actually wouldn't surprise me. Moving on…
carol argo
I just enabled this via dev .question I uninstalled most google update and reinstalled after a restart or 2 I tested ..it seemed way faster then this article mention .the hick up(like what do I do?)all gone .I haven't met one con yet only pros.Kudo to art compiler.now if google could make their DNS the default on cell or make it avail all woul d be perfect
carol argo
I had to reset smartphone and without account in airplane mode ,I enabled de. And restarted .and then put in my id and then updated .some I had to update solo and last.google play services is required for a lot of app to work .also sync will need your pass phrase.(which it never asked before the reset in art mode .but now everything work flawlessly and is awsome


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A standoff boardlock is provided for mounting a connector shell flange to a circuit board, which provides large holding power throughout a range of board hole sizes, which can be constructed at low cost, and which is versatile. The boardlock (14, FIG. 2) includes a standoff (50) formed of solid metal stock that has been lathe-machined to form primarily circular surfaces, and a clip (52) that is formed of sheet metal and that has an upper mount region (54) mounted within a hole (90) of the standoff and which has plurality of resilient beams (56) that project downwardly from the mount region and which pass through a circuit board hole (20) to lock therein. The standoff is attached to the connector shell flange (26) and to the clip in a single swaging operation wherein an upper flange (76) of the standoff is deformed radially outwardly onto the top of the shell flange and a middle flange (100) of the standoff is deformed radially inwardly into the mount region of the clip.
1. A boardlock for mounting a connector on a circuit board that has a hole, comprising;
a clip which has a mount region and a plurality of retention beams depending from said mount region and having lower beam portions for locking to said circuit board hole;
a standoff which has a lower end with a shoulder for abutting said circuit board, an upper end for mounting on said connector, and hole walls forming a vertically extending standoff hole of a size to receive said mount region to hold said mount region a predetermined distance above said shoulder to fix the height of said lower beam portions below said shoulder; said clip is formed of bent sheet metal, while said standoff is a part that has been lathe-machined from solid metal stock and that has primarily circular machined surfaces.
2. The boardlock described in claim 1 wherein:
said standoff has a vertical axis and said mount region lies in said hole;
said walls of said hole in said standoff include a middle flange which has a deformed portion that extends radially inwardly into said mount region, with said mount region being substantially cylindrical and extending above and below said middle flange but being inwardly deformed at said middle flange.
3. The boardlock described in claim 2, including
a second clip device and a second standoff device, said second clip device being identical to said clip, and said second standoff device being identical to said standoff with a lower end having a shoulder and with a middle flange part, except that the vertical distance between said flange part and shoulder of said second standoff device is less than the vertical distance between said flange and shoulder of said standoff, whereby a connector can be mounted on circuit boards of different thicknesses using identical clips.
4. A combination of a circuit board that has an upper face and a pair of board holes that each has hole walls, with a lower edge a connector which has a shell flange with a pair of shell holes, and a pair of boardlocks that each has an upper end mounted to said shell flange at one of said shell holes and that each has a lower end with a plurality of deflectable beams that lie in said circuit board hole and that press against the walls of said hole, characterized by:
each of said boardlocks includes a lathe-machined standoff which has an axis and primarily circular surfaces centered on said axis, said standoff having an upper end fastened to said connector flange at one of said shell holes, a lower end which forms a downwardly-facing shoulder that abuts said upper face of said circuit board, and walls forming a standoff hole extending along said axis;
each of said boardlocks includes a sheet metal clip which has a mount region that lies in said hole of one of said standoffs and which is mounted on the standoff, and which has a plurality of resilient beams that project downwardly below said shoulder of the standoff and into one of said board holes and which press against said lower edge of said hole walls of the corresponding one of said board holes.
5. The combination described in claim 4 wherein said upper end of said standoff includes a swaged top flange that is bent radically outwardly against the top of said shell flange, and wherein:
said mount region of said clip is substantially cylindrical and said standoff walls include a swaged middle flange that is bent radially inward and penetrates into said mount region of said clip, whereby to enable attachment of said standoff to said shell flange and to said clip mount region in a single double swage operation.
6. A method for constructing a boardlock and assembling it to a connector shell flange that has a shell flange hole, comprising:
forming a clip with a tubular mount region lying substantially on a vertical clip axis, and with a plurality of beams depending from said tubular mount region;
forming a standoff with a top and bottom, with a hole extending upwardly into said bottom and along a standoff vertical axis to leave a bottom shoulder, with a generally downwardly depending middle flange in said hole, and with a generally upwardly projecting flange at said top;
inserting said clip mount region into said hole of said standoff and within said middle flange, with said clip and standoff axes being substantially coincident, and inserting said top flange upwardly into said shell flange hole;
simultaneously applying largely downwardly force to said top flange to deform it radially outwardly to lock said top portion to said connection shell flange, while applying largely upward force to said middle flange to deform it radially inwardly into said tubular mount region to lock said middle flange to said clip.
7. The method described in claim 6 wherein:
said step of forming a clip includes bending a piece of sheet metal to form said tubular mount and said beams;
said step of forming a standoff includes machining a piece of metal stock on a lathe to form said boardlock with primarily circular surfaces that are centered on said standoff axis.
8. The method described in claim 7 wherein:
said standoff and clip form a boardlock, with said beams of said clip projecting below said bottom shoulder of said standoff to enter a through hole in one of a plurality of circuit boards that each has a bottom surface, and with lower portions of said beams pressing with radially outward directional components against the intersection of the board hole and board bottom surface;
said different ones of said circuit boards have different thicknesses; and including
constructing a plurality of said boardlocks for installation in different ones of said circuit boards of different thicknesses, including forming a plurality of clip devices that are all identical to said clip, and forming a plurality of standoff devices that are all substantially identical to said standoff except that the separation distance between the middle flange and bottom shoulders of some of said standoff devices are different from the separation distance of said standoff.
9. A method for constructing a boardlock and assembling it to a connector that has a connector shell flange that has a shell flange hole, so the boardlock can hold the connector to a circuit board that has an upper surface and a board hole, comprising:
forming a clip with a tubular mount region that has a substantially cylindrical outside surface portion and with a plurality of beams depending from said mount region for insertion into said board hole;
forming a standoff with a downwardly-opening hole that can receive said mount region of said clip at a clip mount position, with said standoff having a lower end that forms an annular shoulder for abutting said upper surface of said circuit board, with said standoff having a downwardly projecting middle flange at said clip mount position wherein said middle flange has substantially the same inside diameter as said substantially cylindrical outside surface portion of said clip mount region; and with said standoff having a top with an upwardly projecting top flange having an outside of substantially the same diameter as said shell flange hole;
inserting said clip into said hole of said standoff until said outside surface portion of said clip mount region lies within said middle flange, and inserting said top flange into said shell flange hole;
deforming said top flange radially outwardly while deforming said middle flange radially inwardly, to lock said standoff to said connector flange and to said clip mount region.
10. A boardlock for mounting a connector on a circuit board that has a hole, comprising:
a clip which has a mount region and a plurality of retention beams depending from said mount region and having lower beam portions for locking to said circuit board hole;
a standoff which has a lower end with a shoulder for abutting said circuit board, an upper end for mounting on said connector, and hole walls forming a vertically extending standoff hole of a size to receive said mount portion to hold said mount portion and with a part that extends into said hole and abuts at least a portion of said clip to prevent movement of said clip, to hold said mount portion at a predetermined distance above said shoulder to fix the height of said lower beam portions below said shoulder.
11. The combination described in claim 10 wherein said standoff has a vertical axis and said standoff has an upper end with an upwardly projecting top flange that can be bent to extend radially outwardly by a downward vertical swaging force to lock to said connector and wherein:
said mount region of said clip is substantially cylindrical and said standoff walls that form said standoff hole include said part which comprises a middle flange that can be bent to extend radially inwardly by an upward vertical swaging force to penetrate into said mount region of said clip, whereby to enable attachment of said standoff to said connector arid to said clip mount region in a single vertical double swage operation.
A standoff boardlock is often used to hold a flange of a connector shell at a predetermined distance above a circuit board, with the boardlock locking to the circuit board. Standoff boardlocks usually have a shoulder that abuts the upper face of the circuit board and a plurality of beams which pass through a hole in the circuit board and press against the lower end of the hole walls to resist upward movement out of the board. Although sheet metal clips are commonly used to hold a connector that lies flush against the circuit board, standoff boardlocks require a standoff portion that firmly supports the shell flange a distance above the circuit board, which generally requires a machined metal part. Such machined metal parts include primarily circular surfaces that can be formed at low cost on a lathe, but also include non circular surfaces to form flexible beams at the bottom to engage the circuit board. The forming of such beams in an otherwise lathe-machine part adds a substantial cost to the manufacture of the standoff boardlock. The resulting beams are not highly flexible and do not hold as well to boards of somewhat different sizes, as compared to sheet metal clips. A standoff boardlock which could be manufactured at low cost, which could securely hold themselves to circuit board holes of a range of diameters, and which facilitated boardlock use for circuit boards of different thicknesses, as well as the use of screw-and-nut holding of a connector to a circuit board, would be of value.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a standoff boardlock and a method for its assembly are provided which results in a low cost and versatile boardlock. The boardlock includes a clip with a mount region and with a plurality of retention beams depending from the mount region for insertion in a circuit board hole to press against the walls of the board hole. The boardlock also includes a standoff which has a lower end with a shoulder for lying against the circuit board, an upper end for mounting on a connector, and walls forming a vertically-extending hole that receives the clip mount portion. The walls of the standoff hole hold the clip mount portion a predetermined distance above the standoff shoulder, to fix the height of the lower portions of the retention beams. The standoff is a lathe-machined part with primarily circular surfaces, while the clip is a deformed piece of sheet metal. The standoff can be fixed to the clip and to a flange of the connector, by deforming top and middle flanges in a single swage operation.
The novel features of the invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention will be best understood from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of a combination of the present invention, which includes a connector, a circuit board, and two standoff boardlocks.
FIG. 2 is a partial sectional side view of the combination of FIG. 1, shown fully assembled.
FIG. 3 is an exploded bottom isometric view of the standoff and clip of the boardlock of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional side view of the standoff of FIG. 2, shown prior to assembly of it to the clip.
FIG. 4A is an enlarged view of a portion of the standoff of FIG. 4.
FIG. 5 is a sectional side view of the standoff and clip of FIG. 2, showing one step during their assembly and showing portions of dies used in the assembly.
FIG. 6 is a view similar to that of FIG. 5, but showing the standoff and clip after their assembly and showing the dies in position at the completion of the assembly.
FIG. 7 is a sectional side view showing the standoff of FIG. 4 in another fastening arrangement.
FIG. 1 illustrates a combination of a circuit board 10, a connector 12 and two standoff boardlocks 14, 16. The circuit board has a pair of board holes 20, 22, while the connector has a shell 24 with a shell flange 26 that has a pair of shell holes 30, 32. Each boardlock has an upper end 34 that can mount to the shell flange at one of the shell holes. Each boardlock also has a lower end 36 that includes a plurality of deflectable retention beams 38 for insertion in a board hole 20 to press against the walls of the hole and hold the boardlock and therefore the connector to the circuit board. The connector has multiple contacts with tail ends 40 that are received in plated apertures 42 of the board to connect to metal traces (not shown) on the board.
The boardlock 14 includes a standoff 50 and a separate clip 52. As shown in FIG. 2, the clip 52 has a mount region 54 and has a plurality of retention beams 56 depending from the mount region and having lower beam portions 58 that lock to the circuit board. The particular clip shown has four retention beams, each one having an outwardly-bent edge part 60 that bears against the bottom or lower edge 62 of the circuit board hole wall, where it intersects the bottom or lower surface 64 of the circuit board. It may be noted that this general construction of the clip is shown in my U.S. Pat. No. 5,401,188 issued Mar. 28, 1995.
The standoff has a lower end 70 with a downwardly-facing shoulder 72 that abuts an upper face 74 of the circuit board. The upper end 34 of the standoff has a top flange 76 that abuts an upper surface 80 of the shell flange 26, and has an upper shoulder portion 82 that abuts a lower surface 84 of the shell flange, to fix the standoff to the flange. The distance between the upper shoulder portion 82 and the downwardly-facing lower shoulder 72 at the lower end 70 of the standoff, fixes the distance at which the connector flange is held above the circuit board.
The standoff has a standoff hole 90 that extends along a vertical standoff axis 92. The hole is of a size to closely receive the mount region 54 of the clip at the illustrated mount region position. The clip is formed of sheet metal and its mount region is of substantially cylindrical tubular shape with adjacent edge portions 94, 96. The clip has a vertical axis 97 that will lie coincident with the standoff axis in the final assembly. Applicant prefers that the edge portions 94, 96 lie very close together when the clip mount region 54 has been resiliently squeezed to fit within a hole portion 98 of the standoff hole 90. The clip is fixed in place by a middle flange 100 of the standoff, which extends radially inwardly (with respect to the axis 92) into the mount region 54. The middle flange 100 permanently deforms a ring-shaped portion 102 of the mount region inwardly, to fix the standoff to the clip.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the standoff 50 is a part that is formed of a solid piece of metal stock (e.g., a rod) that has been machined on a lathe. As a result, substantially all of its surfaces are circular and centered on the standoff axis 92. An exception is a ring of teeth 110 formed at the upper end of the boardlock by the single stroke of a forming tool (which can be used while the standoff is mounted on a lathe) into a lathe-machined region. Another exception is a helical (almost circular) thread. The clip 52 is formed of a piece of sheet metal which has been blanked from a larger sheet, and which has been bent by stamping dies. The lathe-machined standoff 50 is desirable to provide rigidity for positioning the shell flange above the circuit board. Set up costs for machining the standoff are relatively low (e.g., a few hundred dollars), and the parts can be manufactured at low cost if they are primarily machined on a lathe. In the prior art, a machined boardlock had a depending portion in which a precision cross slot had to be formed to create deflectable beams, and such precision cross slot added significantly to the cost. Also, such machined beams had limited flexibility because they had to be thick (e.g., 0.75 mm maximum thickness for beams of a length of 4 mm) due to difficulty in machining thin sections of parts.
The stamping dies for the clip 52 have a considerable cost (e.g., several tens of thousands of dollars). However, once the clip dies have been constructed, a large number of identical clips can be produced at low cost. Because of the fact that the clips are formed of sheet metal (e.g., of a thickness of 0.25 mm), the retention beams can be thin (0.25 mm for beams at a length of 4 mm) and therefore have large flexibility. The large flexibility is desirable to enable the beams to firmly hold to circuit board holes of a range of sizes such as 0.115 inch to 0.130 inch, which encompasses world-wide industry standard hole sizes in countries that includes the United States, Europe and Japan. By applicant's use of a lathe-machined standoff and a separate bent sheet metal clip, applicant is able to obtain the high rigidity required for the standoff function and the high flexibility desirable for circuit board retention.
The thickness T (FIG. 2) of circuit boards commonly varies between 0.054 inch and 0.135 inch. Applicant can construct a standoff boardlock for a thicker circuit board whose lower surface is at 64X (FIG. 2) by the use of the same clip or clip device 52, but with a second standoff or standoff device 52X that is slightly modified. The second standoff device 52X is modified by positioning the middle flange at 100X so it lies closer (in the vertical direction V) to the downwardly-facing shoulder 72 on the standoff. The rest of the standoff is substantially identical to the standoff 50. The middle flange at 100X holds the clip at 52X lower, so its beam lower edge parts at 60X can engage the lower surface 64X of the thicker circuit board 10X. Since the standoff is a lathe-machined part, the setup for machining a different part is relatively low, especially because all of the dimensions are identical except for the height of the flange 100X (plus the height of a middle shoulder 112X).
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate steps employed by applicant to assemble the standoff 50 to the clip 52 and to the connector shell flange 26. First, applicant places the retention portion 114 of the clip, which includes the beams 56 into a hole 122 of a lower swaging die 124. Then, the standoff 50 is placed so its lower end 70 receives an upper die portion 126 of the lower die. The clip will be already compressed so its mount portion 54 can enter the hole portion 98 of the standoff 50 until an upper edge 120 of the clip abuts the tapered middle shoulder 112 of the standoff hole walls. The mount region of the clip will be compressed so the edges 94, 96 will lie close together. The upper die portion 126 has an upper surface 130 that rests on the undeformed middle flange 100A of the standoff. The connector shell flange 26 is positioned so its holes such as hole 30 receive the undeformed upper flange 76A. Then, an upper swaging die 132 is moved downwardly so a surface 134 of the die presses down against the shell flange 26 and a recessed wall 136 of the die presses down against the upper flange 76A of the standoff and deforms the upper flange 76A radially outwardly. At the same time, the downwardly moving upper die 132 moves down the entire standoff 50 which causes the middle flange 100A to be deformed radially inwardly into the mount region 54 of the clip.
FIG. 6 shows the standoff 50 and clip 52 after the swaging or deforming operation, wherein the upper flange 76 has been deformed radially outwardly while the middle flange 100 has been deformed radially inwardly so a portion 101 thereof extends into the clip mount portion. The standoff protects much of the clip. FIG. 4A shows that the middle flange 100A is formed with a tapered surface 140 which encourage radially inward deflection of the flange 100A. The top flange is constructed in a corresponding manner for radially outward deflection.
The fact that the standoff can be attached to the clip in the same operation in which the standoff is attached to the shell flange, significantly lowers the cost for the assembly of the boardlock and connector. Although some savings in dies are achieved, the main savings are due to the fact that the standoff, clip and connector flange have to be handled only once to assemble them.
It may be noted in FIG. 2, that applicant prefers to form the standoff hole 90 so that it extends vertically completely through the height of the standoff. Also, applicant prefers to form an internal thread 144 above of the middle shoulder 112. The thread 144 is useful to receive a screw that holds the connector shell flange 26 to the flange of a mating connector.
FIG. 7 shows that the standoff 50 is useful not only in retention beam mounting of a connector to a circuit board, but also in the use of a screw 150 and nut 152 to hold a connector shell flange 26 to a circuit board 10.
While applicant has used terms such as "vertical", "upper", etc. to help in the description of the invention as illustrated, it should be understood that the boardlock can be used in any orientation with respect to Earth's gravity.
Thus, the invention provides a standoff boardlock, or boardlock assembly as well as an assembly method therefor, which is of low cost, provides reliable holding for circuit boards with large hole tolerances, and is versatile. The boardlock includes a standoff and a separate clip, which are assembled to form the complete boardlock. While the standoff is machined from solid metal stock, and is preferably lathe-machined to form primarily circular surfaces centered on the standoff axis, the clip is formed by bending a piece of sheet metal. The standoff and clip are constructed for economical assembly to each other and to a connector flange, by forming the standoff with a middle flange that closely surrounds a mount region of the clip and with a top flange that is closely received a shell flange hole. A single swaging step deforms the middle flange radially inwardly and deforms the top flange radially outwardly to lock the standoff to both the clip and the shell flange.
Although particular embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated herein, it is recognized that modifications and variations may readily occur to those skilled in the art, and consequently, it is intended that the claims be interpreted to cover such modifications and equivalents.
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Rudy is the dynamic vocalist behind myriad club and festival anthems. As a producer and an artist Rudy walks a bold tightrope between producing music and mesmerising crowds all over the world with his voice and charisma. His insight into music gives him the innate ability to harness what he is seeing and hearing, and create something that is unique, ahead of the game and excitingly dynamic.
Rudy has made a name for him-self by igniting the international scene, playing at some of the most famous clubs in the world with some of the biggest names in the industry. Rudy was propelled even further into the stratosphere with the UK chart topping hit 'In the Air' and more recently teaming up with Dirty South for 'Phazing', which hit number one on the Australian Aria Club Chart. His songs have also made it to the silver screen, appearing in Prime, Sydney White and The Wog Boy 2. As one of Melbourne's best kept secrets, Rudy should be one of the most well known faces in the Australian music industry, but it is this humble yet calculated take on the industry that has got him where he is today. His voice has certainly carried across the country and around the globe. Rudy's growing collection of Platinum plaques and ASCAP awards solidify his outstanding song writing and production skills and in the live arena he plays at clubs all over Europe, Ibiza and the wider world to adoring fans, always putting on a special show.
Similar Artists
JD Davis


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If you're in the market for bright copper kettles and warm woolen mittens as part of your holiday shopping list, then the Aiken Downtown Development Association's 2012 A Holly Day might be the ideal place to find that perfect gift. A total of 22 businesses will be participating on Saturday, said Carla Cloud, ADDA executive director.
A variety of businesses will be offering specials, discounts and coupons, in store promotions, activities and entertainment as part of the festivities. Several of the stores will have refreshments for peckish shoppers who are looking for a sudden burst of energy.
Among those entertaining at A Holly Day include the St. Thaddeus Episcopal Church's organist, and the Midland Valley High School Show Choir from noon to 12:30 p.m., Cloud said.
But, if that's not enough, direct from the North Pole to Chris' Camera Center, jolly old St. Nick will be making an appearance and will be available for photographs from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m.
Shoppers who come out and support the participating businesses, and are observed carrying bags by an army of discreetly-placed Santa's helpers, may receive a special surprise.
"We wanted to show our appreciation for how important the shoppers are, and a couple of years ago, we decided to have elves go around with little gifts as a way of saying thank you," Cloud said.
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Whelan allowed Martinez to end his four-year spell with Wigan following the club's relegation from the Premier League last season.
The Spaniard moved to Everton as David Moyes' replacement after the Scot took charge of United, but Whelan believes the champions should have considered Martinez as a possible successor to Sir Alex Ferguson.
"I think he's the best manager in the world and I was a little surprised that Man U didn't come for him because I knew that Alex was going to retire," Whelan told Sky Sports News.
"Alex had already told me that he was thinking of retiring and I was a bit surprised that Man U didn't. They have still got a great lad in David Moyes, let me say that, he's still a great manager, but Roberto now going to Everton, he will take Everton to places they can only dream about."
Whelan has kept a close eye on the Football Association's new commission and suggests that FA chairman Greg Dyke has played down England's hopes of winning the World Cup next summer.
Dyke has set a target of winning the trophy in 2022, but Whelan has urged the national team to go for glory in Brazil.
He said: "I want to win it next year. Why don't we win it when we're in it now?
"We're in Brazil, let's go to Brazil and let's go there with the confidence and we've got the team.
"Everybody thinks England can't do it. England can do it and we've got to believe in England, we've got to believe in ourselves. We should go to Brazil and think yeah, we can win this and do it. Let's go and get it."


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CHARLESTON — The newest member of the state legislature has been sworn into office.
Danville Town Manager Josh Barker repeated the oath of office at about 1 p.m., Monday, August 5, in the House chambers of the state capitol. In doing so, Barker became the new delegate from the Twenty-second District. A Democrat, Barker joins fellow Democrat Jeff Eldridge in representing the district that includes most of Lincoln County as well as parts of Boone, Logan and Putnam.
The oath was administered by Boone County Circuit Judge William S. Thompson before a group of Barker's family and friends.
In accepting the appointment made by Governor Earl Ray Tomblin to replace Democrat Josh Stowers who resigned to accept a position in the State Treasurer's Office, Barker said he was "overwhelmed at the support and encouragement I received from so many people."
Barker thanked Tomblin, who he called a "lifelong friend and mentor," while praising those on hand and "the hundreds of others who worked on my behalf."
Barker said he plans to go to work immediately representing the people of the district. "I plan to send a piece of mail to every citizen of the district, at my expense, telling them how to contact me and soliciting their input," the delegate said. "I want to do what the people want me to do."
Barker said his first official business as a delegate will come in two weeks when he attends interim committee meetings in Charleston.


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Bobbi Brown Black Velvet Lip Color: Black Maple, Black Raspberry Review, Photos, Swatches
Bobbi Brown Lip Color: Black Maple, Black Raspberry
Color May Not Appear as in the Tube
Bobbi Brown Lip Color ($22.00 for 0.12 oz.) now includes two new shades for fall from the Black Velvet Collection: Black Maple (black red plum) and Black Raspberry (black burgundy).
- Black Maple is a rich burgundy brown. On my lips, it looks nearly opaque with a slight sheen.
- Black Raspberry is a semi-sheer browned red. It's a different way to wear the red lip–it's not an in-your-face kind of red, and it's not incredibly dark either. It has a rather glaze-like finish, where there's some sheerness up close, but it looks more cohesive and opaque from afar.
There's a funny thing about these lipsticks/swatches; they don't look like they line up. Black Maple looks burgundy in the tube, while Black Raspberry looks nearly black–and yet it's actually much, much lighter. I actually had to swatch them both again as I started to write out the review to make sure I didn't have it written wrong in my notes! They both seem to be a little on the cooler side.
Bobbi Brown's Lipsticks are scent- and taste-free, which is something that can difficult to find high-end lipsticks. With these deeper, darker shades, I find myself getting between four and five hours of wear. They apply without difficulty, though I do find myself needing to check the application to ensure smooth, even color. I don't find them drying, but I think if you have really dry lips, you may not find they're very moisturizing either.
If you want to know more about how products are evaluated, read out Rating System FAQ!
- Product: 26/30
- Value: 8/10
- Ease of Use: 4/5
- Packaging: 4/5
RECOMMENDATION: I like these shades, though I'm not in love with them. They could apply a smidgen more evenly! Black Maple is surprisingly more wearable than the name would lead you to believe.
AVAILABILITY: Bobbi Brown
See more photos & swatches!
Bobbi Brown Lip Color: Black Maple, Black Raspberry
Bobbi Brown Black Maple Lipstick
Bobbi Brown Black Maple Lipstick
Bobbi Brown Black Raspberry Lipstick
Bobbi Brown Lip Color: Black Raspberry
Discussion and debate are highly encouraged, and we expect community members to participate respectfully. When asking a question, please check the FAQ section (above) for information about purchasing, price, dupes, and the like. If you have general feedback or need technical support, please contact us.
Comments that include advertisements, self-promotion, insults, etc. may be in violation of our comment policy and subject to deletion. Please see our comment policy for more information.


text: Healthy Recipes Baked Vegetable Tempura Recipe E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now! Quick Info: Servings Contains Wheat/Gluten Contains Egg Vegetarian Nutritional Info (Per serving): Calories: 148, Saturated Fat: 2g, Sodium: 702mg, Dietary Fiber: 2g, Total Fat: 4g, Carbs: 23g, Sugars: 6g, Cholesterol: 49mg, Protein: 9g Exchanges: Vegetable: 2, Starch: 1, Fat: 0.5 Carb Choices: 1.5 Recipe Source: More Diabetic Recipes Prep Time: 30 mins Cook Time: 9 mins Total Time: 39 mins Ingredients cooking spray 2 egg(s) 1 1/2 cup(s) bread crumbs, panko (Japanese-style) 1/4 teaspoon salt 1 1/2 cup(s) cauliflower 1 1/2 cup(s) mushrooms, fresh, stems removed 1 medium potato(es), sweet, peeled and cut into 3 2-inch strips 1 small zucchini, cut into 1/4 -inch-thick slices 1 small onion(s), red, cut into 1/2-inch-thick slices and separated into rings 1 cup(s) beans, green 1 cup(s) peas, sugar snap 1/4 cup(s) flour, all-purpose 2 tablespoon butter, melted 1 cup(s) mustard, dijon-style 2 tablespoon honey Preparation Vegetable Tempura: 1. Preheat oven to 450°F. Coat a 15x10x1-inch baking pan with nonstick cooking spray; set aside. In a shallow bowl, beat eggs with a fork. In a medium bowl, combine panko bread crumbs and salt.2. In a large bowl, toss the vegetables in flour, shaking to remove any excess flour. Dip the vegetables, a few at a time, into the eggs; dip into the panko crumb mixture to coat. Place the vegetables in a single layer in the prepared baking pan.3. Drizzle the vegetables with melted butter. Bake for 9 to 11 minutes or until vegetables are golden brown, gently stirring twice. Serve immediately with Honey-Mustard Sauce. Honey-Mustard Sauce: In a small bowl, stir together 1 cup Dijon-style mustard and 2 tablespoons honey. E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now!


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With the help of the Adaptaplug series, you can plug your 5V powered electronics (wireless phone, mp3 player, etc.) directly into a standard socket.
- Requires a New Style Enercell 5 volt AC Adapter series
- Connect 5 volt devices to AC and DC adapters with adaptaplug technology and 5 volt setting


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Main menu
For those students who are continuing their education from another semester. Every semester, continuing students need to follow the following steps.
Documents Needed to Begin Classes:
mesacc.edu | 480-461-7000 | © 2015 Mesa Community College | A Maricopa Community College
The Maricopa County Community College District is an EEO/AA institution and an equal opportunity employer of protected veterans and individuals with disabilities.


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Property in Summerstrand
South Africa | Eastern Cape | Port Elizabeth | Summerstrand
View all of the RE/MAX Property in Summerstrand to rent and sale by RE/MAX Bay (Beachfront) (Humewood), RE/MAX Bay (West) (Linton Grange), RE/MAX Independent Properties (Lorraine).
These properties are to rent, for sale by Joan Richter, Maruska Psotka, Chistine Heydenrych, Neil Dorward, Alan Moore, Maliska Moolman, Neville Prinsloo, Rosetta Jaftha, Rene Nortier, Lucien Arends
Properties for sale range in price from 369,000 to 9,200,000 and includes Residential, Developments.
There are currently 61 properties in Summerstrand
Properties to rent range in price from 4,400 to 12,875 and includes Residential, Developments.
There are currently 61 properties in Summerstrand
View properties currently on show in Summerstrand
There are currently 61 properties in property types Residential, Developments.
Property in Summerstrand
The Summerstrand property market makes buying a home here an excellent investment. With the guidance of our dedicated RE/MAX team you'll find the perfect flat, house, or vacant land to build on. You can also rest easy knowing that we have scoured the region and can help you find the ideal listings for sale.
Within reach of the city centre of Port Elizabeth, this fantastic suburb has much to offer. When you buy a property in Summerstrand you also gain access to a prestigious and pristine area with sought-after real estate value.
A lifestyle for everyone to enjoy.
This area offers properties for sale with various convenient coastal living advantages that are seriously worth considering, such as:
Outdoor living - Life in this location can be amazing, especially since the Humewood Golf Course is basically your backyard. A challenging green even for the professionals, you can spend days perfecting your game. Then there's the luxury that some homes and apartments feature: beautiful beachfronts right on your doorstep. This makes for lovely days spent near the warm waters of the majestic Indian Ocean. There's a lot more to enjoy outdoors, from picnicking in tranquil spots to nature walks.
Schooling - With Summerstrand Primary and Pearson High School close by, your kids have access to a brilliant education in this pristine area. Beyond that, this region is also home to the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University's Second Avenue campus – meaning that higher learning is readily available. The main campus itself is barely 10 minutes away.
Healthcare - Being close to Port Elizabeth means that all its top-quality facilities, service providers and amenities are accessible. This is especially important in terms of healthcare, and some of the nearby hospitals include Netcare Greenacres, PE Provincial and St George's.
Scouting the best for you.
RE/MAX agents are knowledgeable and helpful, and have a habit of finding people the right homes. Contact us right away and allow our experts to locate the perfect property for sale in Summerstrand - one that fits your unique tastes and budget.


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Podcast: Download
On this show…
Jonny Yeah has rummaged around in his ample draws to find four smashing tracks for your audio pleasure. We also asked our listeners to rummage around in their draws and let us know what they find. The results are as startling as they are amusing. This somehow triggers us into a grotesque body shock conversation that you simply must hear.
High Window – A / B
Rebekah Delgado – Sing You Through The Storm
RiddleR – Man Next Door
Thee Faction – My Conservative Friend


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Two Somali and One Yemeni "Pirate" Killed in Shoot-out With UK Sailors
Are there Yemeni pirates working along with the Somali pirates? Noooo! I'm shocked, shocked I say. The pirates (and Somali jihaddists) are getting the weapons from…… hmmmmm, now thats a tough one. OCTFO of course its Yemen. Yemen is the arms dealer to most jihaddi groups.
The Royal Navy has repelled a pirate attack on a Danish cargo-ship off the coast of Yemen, shooting dead two men believed to be Somali pirates. The Ministry of Defence (MoD) confirmed the incident took place on Tuesday, when HMS Cumberland crew members tried to board a traditional wooden dhow.
The Yemeni-flagged vessel was identified as having been involved in an earlier attack on the Danish ship
An MoD spokesman said the pirates were shot in self-defence.
After initial attempts to stop the dhow failed, the Royal Navy launched sea boats to encircle the vessel.
The British seamen were fired on and shot back before the dhow was boarded and its crew surrendered.
Third death
An MoD Spokesman said: "Two foreign nationals, believed to be Somali pirates, were shot and killed in self-defence.
"A Yemeni national was also found injured and later died, despite receiving emergency treatment from the ship's doctor.
"It is unclear whether his injuries were as a result of the fire-fight or a previous incident involving the pirates."
A post-shooting investigation is being carried out, the spokesman added.
Details of the incident emerged when Russian navy spokesman Igor Dygalo revealed the frigate Neustrashimy (Fearless), from its Baltic Sea Fleet, had also tried to rescue the Danish vessel MV Powerful.
He said the two warships repelled the attempted raid after the pirates fired weapons at the Danish ship and twice tried to board it.
HMS Cumberland, a Plymouth-based Type 22 frigate, is currently deployed on a piracy-fighting mission in the Gulf of Aden as part of a Nato taskforce.
There has been a rise in attacks on merchant shipping and aid shipments in the area.
The boarding took place 60 nautical miles south of the Yemeni coast, inside the Maritime Security Patrol Area.
The MoD said the boarding operation was conducted "in accordance with UK Rules of Engagement".
Pirates have been causing havoc in one of the world's busiest shipping areas, making the waters off the Horn of Africa some of the world's most dangerous.
The pirates prey on one of the world's key shipping routes, which leads to the Suez Canal, the transit point for up to a third of the world's oil.
Rocket grenades
Pirates have hijacked more than 30 ships so far this year, twice as many as last year, with the ransoms paid to them by governments or ship-owners far higher than in previous years.
The pirates are equipped with speedboats and armed with automatic weapons and rocket-propelled grenades.
They have taken millions of dollars in ransoms and their actions have led to a hike in insurance costs for shipping and threatened humanitarian supplies.
A Turkish-flagged tanker with a 14-man crew became the latest victim of the pirates when it was hijacked off Yemen on Wednesday, according to the Anatolia news agency.
Last month, a maritime watchdog said that Somali pirates were responsible for nearly a third of all reported attacks on ships.


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DanceXchange has a whole range of ways for you to participate in dance – whether you're a complete beginner or a professional dance artist.
Arts Champions is a scheme funded by Birmingham City Council to partner up Birmingham's many arts organisations with the city's constituencies.More
WE ARE CURRENTLY RECRUITING FOR YUVA GATI!More
The Workplace Workout partnership gives you and your employees a series of dance taster sessions which take place in your own premises at lunchtime or after-work.More
The Midlands will host a wealth of youth dance activity in 2015 with MY (Midlands Youth) Dance, a partnership between DanceXchange and Dance4,More
Professional classes run every Thursday throughout Spring 2015More
A training course for 12 West Midlands dance artists who want to develop skills and confidence in delivering dance activity for vulnerable groups.More
DanceXchange is an official Arts Award Supporter!More
At DanceXchange our aim is to bring dance to more people in Birmingham and the West Midlands region, through performances, productions, classes and community outreach.
As we look to our long term future, we want to continue this work and we want to keep dance alive in the region. As a registered charity, we receive core funding from Arts Council England and Birmingham City Council, along with a range of trusts and foundations.
But we also need support from individuals and businesses to make this happen.
By supporting DanceXchange, you will help us fulfil our core objectives: to produce exceptional work; to bring outstanding performances to Birmingham; and to enable people of all walks of life to engage in dance either as a participant, performer or audience member. It's easy to show us your support!
Click here to Make a Donation. Every pound will help us transform lives through dance. Thanks to an Arts Council England Catalyst award, donations from individuals are matched automatically. This means that, combined with Gift Aid, a £10 donation can be worth £22.50 to us. However, the scheme is for a limited period only – all the more reason to support dx today!
For more information, please contact Katie Scott, Development Manager on 0121 689 1082.


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By Jim GaramoneAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, July 5, 2003 President Bush honored the U.S. military for its role in safeguarding freedom at home and providing freedom abroad during a speech at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, yesterday.
The president spent Independence Day in the heartland, and he also marked the 100th year of aviation in the home of the Wright Brothers.
Bush reminded the crowd of military families and guests that America is still at war. "The enemies of America plot against us," he said. "And many of our fellow citizens are still serving and sacrificing and facing danger in distant places. Many military families are separated. Our people in uniform do not have easy duty, and much depends on their success."
The president said that without their sacrifices tyrants would go unopposed, and millions would live at the mercy of terrorists. "With Americans' active involvement in the world, tyrants learn to fear, and terrorists are on the run," he said.
Bush said the U.S. response to the attacks of September 11th proves that the United States is serious about opposing terrorists. "The United States will not stand by and wait for another attack, or trust in the restraint and good intentions of evil men," he said. "We are on the offensive against terrorists and all who support them. We will not permit any terrorist group or outlaw regime to threaten us with weapons of mass murder. We will act whenever it is necessary to protect the lives and the liberty of the American people."
The sacrifices made by today's service men and women continue the tradition of the American military. Bush tied the actions against terrorism to the Revolutionary War. "Every year on this date, we take special pride in the founding generation, the men and women who waged a desperate fight to overcome tyranny and live in freedom", he said.
Today's Americans look back and think the war was foreordained to turn out the way it did, but that was far from the case, he said. "Victory was far from certain, and came at great cost.," he said. "Those brave men and women were certain only of the cause they served: the belief that freedom is the gift of God and the right of all mankind."
Through the Revolution America fought not only against the British, but to become a country. "The land of 13 states and fewer than four million people grew and prospered," he said. "And today, all who live in tyranny and all who yearn for freedom place their hopes in the United States of America."
In Iraq, Afghanistan and around the world, the U.S. military is meeting the threats of the new era, Bush said. Members of all active duty and reserve components "have carried out their missions with all the skill and the honor we expect of them. This nation is grateful to the men and women who wear our nation's uniform."
Bush also remembered those American service members who have died in the war for freedom. We honor each one for their courage and for their sacrifice," he said. "We think of the families who miss them so much. And we are thankful that this nation produces such fine men and women who are willing to defend us all."
Security alone cannot be the goal for America, Bush said. "The Declaration of Independence holds a promise for all mankind," he said. "Because Americans believe that freedom is (an) unalienable right, we value the freedom of every nation. Because we are committed to the God-given worth of every life, we work for human dignity. We protect our friends, and we raised up former enemies to be our friends."
Bush related the story of Marine Master Gunnery Sgt. Guadalupe Denogean. The Gunny served in the Corps for 25 years and was wounded during combat in Iraq. Bush met the Gunny in a hospital in Washington. "When I asked if he had any requests, the Master Gunnery Sergeant had just two: He wanted a promotion for the Colonel who rescued him. And he wanted to be an American citizen," Bush said. "I was there the day that Guadalupe Denogean took the oath of citizenship. From the hospital where he was recovering, this son of Mexico raised his right hand and pledged to support and defend the Constitution of the United States of America. He had kept that oath for decades before he took it. I'm proud to call him a fellow American.
"To be an American, whether by birth or choice, is a high privilege" the president continued. "As citizens of this good nation, we can all be proud of our heritage and confident in our future. The ideals of July 4th, 1776, still speak to all humanity. And the revolution declared that day goes on. On July the 4th, 2003, we still place our trust in Divine Providence. We still pledge our lives and honor to freedom's defense. And we will always believe that freedom is the hope and the future of every land."


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Marvel Wants Evangeline Lilly for Ant-Man
The Best DC Heroes Ever
The Horror Games You Have to Play This Year
Kaley Cuoco Shows Off Her Tennis Skills
Why Is Rosie Perez Leaving The View?
First Look At Leaked Warcraft Movie Trailer
6 TV Finales That Failed Spectacularly
#1 Predictor of Diabetic Amputation
Will The Hulk Come Back?
A New Batman and New Batmobile for 2016 Movie
New Avengers 2 Posters Show Off Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch
You Need to See Alison Brie Lip Sync "Shoop"
Shannon Beador Drops Another Affair Truth Bomb
Bombshell Swimwear That'll Turn Heads
Summer Movie Trailers With Director Rob Cohen on Most Craved
Grant Gustin Teases 'Big Twist' at End of The Flash's First Season
6 Things We Learned at TV Guide Magazine's Fan Favorites Panel at Comic-Con
Marvel Studios Announces New Dates and Titles
Top Deadliest And Most Intimidating DC Villains of All Time
Details on the Fight Between Two Arnold Schwarzeneggers in Terminator Genisys
Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson's New Project
Can Hawaii Five-O Be Saved?
Will Christian Bale Ever Play Batman Again?
Jason Statham Confirms Role In Fast And Furious 8
Robert Downey Jr. Confirms Iron Man 4 is on the Way!
A New Arrow Clip Teases a Surprising Twist
The Return of Peggy Carter
True Detective Recap: Season 2, Episode 6, "Church In Ruins"
George Lucas Reveals Original Star Wars: Episode VII Plan, Alex Ross Comic Cover Debuts


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Judd Apatow Answers Questions From Twitter
In case you missed the live stream, here are the highlights of Judd Apatow answering questions from Twitter. Gotcha Media
Check out more articles on BuzzFeed.com!
More News About Judd Apatow
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This team is so fun to watch when they play like this!
This team is so fun to watch when they play like this!
Lakers really look like crap. If it wasn't for all the threes they'd have nothing going on so far in the game. I can't believe they don't use Howard more.
This is the 1st time I've seen us play this energized on the road.
White Chocolate hates Rodney Hood
The thread is dead again. I think its time for a soliloquy.
That bogus jump ball call makes you wonder how much money the refs have on the Lakers.
Best half of road basketball the Jazz have played this year, by far!
Kanter looked good out there. Perfect 4-4, 8 pts 3 boards
you guys are the apostles of awesomeness
LOL .......... NBA website shows the half time score as 54 Jazz to 38 Lakers. What the hell.
Foye and Hayward a combined 2-8
you guys are the apostles of awesomeness


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Stephanie Wilson
I started out with The Slabs as the "Party Coordinator". I secured sponsorships, cooked the party meat, and chilled and partook of the adult beverages. After the 1997 American Royal Tom & Josh asked me if I would cook with the team. After accepting the invitation I was looking forward to the '98 season. In January 1998, my brother Tom passed away and it became a mission for me to carry on his name.
Kyle joined the team and with the mentoring of Smokin' in the Boys Room's Richard and Lynn Kancel and through trial and error we've been fortunate to have accomplished a lot. BBQ is a family affair. My sister, Val, is a night owl and we call her "The Maintainer" for staying up late. My son, Brent, is our junior member cooking in the Kids Que's where they're available. He doesn't think it's too bad to hang out with Mom on the weekends!
What do I do? Purchase the items, PR, I'm known as the "Lettuce Fanatic" to many produce managers across the United States.....basically I make sure that we have everything we need and that things run as smooth as possible.
If you're ever at your local grocery store and you pass by the backroom of the produce section and you see a chick in a do-rag picking through boxes of lettuce and parsley, using their equipment to make it the way that I want it, its me... stop by and say Hello!
Kyle Laval
My first experience with competition barbeque was like a lot of other peoples, the party. I specialized in the American Royal 1996-1998. Fortunately, no hard evidence remains, only rumor and sketchy memories (something about Vodka and freight trains and moving from the "Zoo-Side" to the Invitational side), indicates that my party skills were accomplished.
In 1998 I was asked to join The Slabs and found out about the other way to party at a contest... cooking it. My first contest was Pleasant Hill, MO. It rained from dawn Saturday until 2:00 pm. We finished 8th out of 15 teams and were called 3rd in Brisket. I've been hooked ever since.


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Click Here to Watch the Whole Video in HD at High Octane
Fuel your fire at High Octane with hot gay muscle hunks and studs.
Muscled Swimmers Peter and Gabor Get Frisky Both In and Out of the Water In This Poolside Encounter. Watch Their Smooth, Muscled Bodies Colide In This Incredibly Hot Jock Fuck.
Pixels: 320X240 | Bitrate: 350K
Pixels: 640X480 | Bitrate: 700K


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Google Evolves Code.Google.Com
Select an OSI-approved license directly from license selector.
Google open source and public sector engineering manager Chris DiBona announced the evolution of the company's Open Source Initiative.
"In our day-to-day work looking after open source licensing, we lamented the proliferation of licenses and decided that we would split the difference and only offer a very limited subset of the approved OSI license choices to our users as a stand against the proliferation of time," Dibona said in a blog post.
In an effort to further expand adoption, Code.Google.Com has added a license selector option that allows any project to use any OSI compatible license. To use this option, simply select "Other Open Source" and then specify in licensing or copying file, which license you intend to use.
DiBona also states that public domain projects are still only accepted on a case-by-case basis.
Issue 178/2015
Buy this issue as a PDF
Qemu Flaw Lets the Guest Escape
Xen project announces a privilege escalation problem for Qemu host systems
Android Bug Threatens Millions of Users
Attackers can compromise an Android phone just by sending a text message
Lenovo and Canonical Announce Laptop Deal
PC vendor will pre-install Ubuntu on portables in India.
Mozilla Firefox Blocks Flash
More embarrassment for Adobe's embattled multimedia tool
Security Problem in Firefox's NoScript Add-On
Mozilla's script blocker add-on could be putting malware sites on the whitelist.
RIP SSLv3
The Internet community officially banishes the notoriously unsafe Secure Sockets Layer protocol.
Mate 1.1 Arrives
Popular desktop environment continues the Gnome 2 legacy – with new support for the Gnome 3 toolkit.
US Government Requires HTTPS
The Obama White House has issued a memorandum telling all US government agencies they must use HTTPS for all websites and web communication.
Mozilla Signs Firefox Add-Ons
New program will dial up security for the Firefox browser.
Fedora 22 Arrives
Red Hat's community distro embraces the cloud.


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|9.75 in.
|6.5 in.
|9 in.
|8 lbs.
|Material Capacity:
|1/2-in - 1-1/2-in
|Pilot Bit Diameter:
|Pocket Bit Diameter:
|Shipping Weight:
|10 lbs.
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Reviewed by 11 customers
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Best Uses
Comments about Quik Jig Pocket Hole Joinery System:
Face Frames Cabinet Boxes This is a well built tool,it has great usable features.It is not cheap,but it is not cheaply made!Set it and forget it.It's a joy to use.
Best Uses
Comments about Quik Jig Pocket Hole Joinery System:
Having used other pocket systems I was always put off by the quality of the systems and the multiple step set up. This unit answered my concernes and over delivered in ways I didn't expect. A ease to use (read the instructions) and very satisfying heft for the money. I've only just cut a few practice holes, but I feel confident this will be a very welcome addition to my shop.
Best Uses
Comments about Quik Jig Pocket Hole Joinery System:
Much easyer and faster to use then the Kreg system and much better for a small (in area)shop.
Best Uses
Comments about Quik Jig Pocket Hole Joinery System:
No setup involved. Just insert the wood and drill the holes. The design of the tool takes care of all the minor details that you have to consider when using other pocket hole jigs. Very well made and designed.
Best Uses
Comments about Quik Jig Pocket Hole Joinery System:
Had to spend another [$] for a Kreg jig to create pocket holes in thicker material. Good product, just not as flexible as the "other" brand.
Displaying reviews 6-10
PORTER-CABLE will repair, without charge, any defects due to faulty materials or workmanship for three years from the date of purchase. This warranty does not cover part failure due to normal wear or tool abuse. For further detail of warranty coverage and warranty repair information, visit www.deltaportercable.com or call (888) 848-5175. This warranty does not apply to accessories or damage caused where repairs have been made or attempted by others. This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may have other rights which vary in certain states or provinces.
In addition to the warranty, PORTER-CABLE tools are covered by our:
To register your tool for warranty service visit our website at www.deltaportercable.com.
To obtain information on warranty performance, please write to: PORTER-CABLE CORPORATION, 4825 Highway 45 North, Jackson, Tennessee 38305; Attention: Product Service. THE FOREGOING OBLIGATION IS PORTER-CABLE'S SOLE LIABILITY UNDER THIS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY AND UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES SHALL PORTER-CABLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other legal rights which vary from state to state.


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GenreAction, Drama
Release DateJune 03, 2005
MPAA RatingPG-13
Duration107 min.
Production Budget$25 millions
StudioColumbia Pictures
Official Siteclick here
REVIEWS RATE: Critics Readers [Rate It]
Cast and Crew
DirectorCatherine Hardwicke
ProducerJohn Linson
ScreenwriterStacy Peralta
- Emile Hirsch as Jay
- Victor Rasuk as Tony Alva
- John Robinson
- Michael Angarano as Sid
- Heath Ledger as Skip
- Nikki Reed as Kathy Alva
- Jeremy Renner
- Eddie Cahill as Larry Gordon
- Shea
In the 1970s, a group of teenage surfers from a tough neighborhood known as "Dogtown" in Venice, California pioneered a revolutionary new style of skateboarding. Riding the waves at the Pacific Ocean Park pier, the Z-Boys, known for their aggressive style and hard street attitude, combined the death-defying moves of surfing with the art of skateboarding and became overnight sensations and local legends.
With empty pools as their canvas, the Z-Boys paved the way to what is now referred to as "extreme sports", and created a lifestyle that spread infectiously to become a worldwide counterculture phenomenon. But all of this fame would take its toll on the friendships that they thought would last a lifetime as the sport that started out as an afternoon hobby turned into big business.
Starring Emile Hirsch as Jay Adams, Victor Rasuk as Tony Alva, Heath Ledger as Skip Engblom and John Robinson as Stacy Peralta.


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Another day, another fresh batch of screenshots from Rocksteady's upcoming Batman: Arkham City. The Joker's still looking fucked the fuck up from his untimely almost-demise in Arkham Asylum, but now we get a glimpse of what he's been up to: building a funhouse, giving his henchmen sniper rifles, stealing the sets from Limbo, and giving Harley a sexy little flower tattoo peeking out from under her leather corset. Now, if you'll excuse us, we're gonna need some private time.
Watch Now


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Unbelievable,where is Eccelstone on this matter,get Senna into his rightful seat at McLaren.Button and Senna would balance McLaren and bring back some semblance of the sucessful team it once was.


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Mendielle Vertu Wines
After years of convincing that it is more peaceful to live in the country than the city, Manuel Gotera and Bently Luneau realized their dream when they found a 12 acre vineyard in Ukiah Valley, a flat bench land along the Russian River planted with Old Zinfandel and Merlot vines. After making a few trips from the San Francisco, Destination Valley Vineyards became a reality. The first year brought out many challenges and changes including their goal towards organic certification and to practice sustainable farming. Their ties and respect for the land and passion for winemaking brought them to producing their first artisan wine brand, Mendielle Vertu, dedicated to their city turned ranch dog, Mendi, which had given them great company in the vineyard and served as the guardian. Finally, their first year came to fruition with a great vintage of their 2006 Proprietary Red Merlot and two high-end wines with the help of their consulting winemaker, Kian Tavakoli from Clos du Val. These reserve wines feature the first Opera wine labels from works of the world renowned artist, Rafal Olbinski to compliment the artistry and beauty of this vintage.
1500 Redemeyer Rd.
Ukiah, CA 95482
|Hours of Operation
|By Appointment
|Picnic Area
|Custom Crush
|Wine Style(s)
|Estate Grown
|Estate Bottled


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Public Interest Convention Highlights
Addressing Obesity and Health Disparities in the Nation's Children
Among APA President Suzanne Bennett Johnson's 2012 priorities is expanding psychology's role in addressing the crisis of childhood obesity in this country. As part of the Presidential Program at the recent APA Annual Convention, researchers and practitioners presented the latest information on approaches and programs for addressing obesity and related health disparities for children. Chaired by Dr. Monica Mitchell, the symposium explored the multidetermined contextual risks for childhood obesity and the contribution of the social environment to related health inequalities, as well as innovative strategies for improving healthy eating and fitness in urban schools, through family and community interventions, and in underserved community settings, including Native American reservations.
Dr. Barbara Fiese presented a sociocultural model of contextual risk factors for obesity. She discussed how the six C's — cells (the genetic level), child, clan (the family environment), community, country (national policies) and culture — impact children's health behaviors, including food choices. Mitchell summarized data from three interventions demonstrating that increased exposure to fruits and vegetables works to increase children's consumption of these healthy foods. Dr. Maureen M. Black discussed parents' lack of understanding of overweight in their children, and principles of behavior management that enable parents to positively affect their children's health. Drs. Tami Jollie-Trottier and David Janicke talked about challenges in engaging underserved populations who may lack access to the resources on which successful interventions may be based. Efforts to engage families must be sensitive to their needs, resources and cultural structure, all of which may impact the families' ability to benefit from programs aimed at improving food choice and fitness behaviors.
Twenty Years of Injury and Violence Prevention: Celebrating the Past and Protecting the Future
Injury is the number one cause of death of Americans between the ages of 1 and 44. During APA's convention, PI Executive Editor Dr. Gwendolyn Keita welcomed Dr. Linda C. Degutis, Director of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC), who presented on 20 years of efforts by the NCIPC to address injury and violence prevention. Based on burden and impact, NCIPC has identified four focus areas: motor vehicle crashes, violence against children and youth, traumatic brain injury and prescription drug overdose. The center collects a wide variety of data and statistics, funds public and private organizations conducting injury work and focuses on public communication through targeted messages. Degutis stressed the aim of growing the field of injury and violence prevention, arguing that this could be the public health achievement of the next decade.
Immigration, Race and Disparities: Health Care, Education and Employment
How first and second generation immigrant-origin individuals experience and cope with racism and disparities in health care, education, and employment was explored in this APA convention symposium, chaired by Dr. Pratyusha Tummala-Narra. Participants Dr. Kevin L. Nadal, Dr. Germine H. Awad, and Dr. Guillermo Prado presented on each of the three settings, and highlighted how racial, ethnic, linguistic, cultural, and other social identities shape and are shaped through the immigration process. Discussant Dr. Carola Suárez-Orozco closed the session with a summary and comments and questions from the audience.
Sponsors: Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest; Division 45; Committee on Aging; Committee on Children, Youth, and Families; Committee on Disability Issues in Psychology; Committee on Ethnic Minority Affairs; Committee on Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Concerns; Committee on Postsecondary Accreditation; Committee on Socioeconomic Status; Committee on Women in Psychology; Minority Fellowship Program.
Women Under Siege: Disparities and Despair
Women and girls are disproportionately victims of gender-related violence and discrimination, sexual assault and exploitation, substance abuse, HIV/AIDS, and poverty. Dr. Cynthia de las Fuentes chaired this APA convention symposium, which expanded on the definition of health disparities and explored the contributing factors to these disparities such as gender, race/ethnicity, disability, lack of education, and socioeconomic status. Other presenters included Drs. Dolores Cimini, Bryanna French, Ramani Durvasula, and Faye Reimers.
Highlights included:
- Women with disabilities report emotional, physical, or sexual abuse at the same rate of women without disabilities.
- Black women's sexuality is rooted in racialized and gendered oppression.
- Internalizing sexual stereotypes can harm self-esteem of women and girls.
- HIV must be addressed from a social justice perspective (e.g., poverty/access to care, trauma, psychosocial factors, trafficking, reproductive health, mental health, IPV, international picture, and risk, prevention and power).
- Women make up 70 percent of the world's poor and more than 50 percent of America's poor – poverty results in abuse, trafficking, trauma, and widespread violations of human rights.
Sponsors: Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest; ad hoc Committee on Psychology and AIDS; Committee on Disability Issues in Psychology; Committee on Ethnic Minority Affairs; Committee on Socioeconomic Status; Committee on Women in Psychology.
Promoting the Health and Wellness of Women with Disabilities
2010 U.S. Census reports that 28 million women (21 years of age or older) in the U.S. have disabilities, and approximately 52 percent of women aged 65 or older report living with a disability.
- Prevalence is expected to increase.
- Women generally have a higher rate of disability than men.
- Disparities in healthcare among women with disabilities is amply documented.
- Have limited access to health care,
- Have an increased prevalence of secondary complications, and
- Have diminished quality of life.
- Women with disabilities are also less likely to receive screenings for conditions common to all women.
Dr. Nancy Sidun chaired this APA convention symposium based upon research presented at the 2011 Inequity to Equity Conference, and highlighted recommendations for research and training for psychologists and other health care and service providers working with women with disabilities. Presenters included Dr. Shari Miles-Cohen, Dr. Erin Andrews, and Dr. Kathleen S. Brown. Dr. Julie Williams served as Discussant.
Sponsors: Board for the Advancement of Psychology in the Public Interest; Committee on Aging; Committee on Disability Issues in Psychology; Committee on Women in Psychology.


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(Youtube Direkthorse, via Badass Digest)
Hier der Trailer zu Spielbergs Pferdefilm. Ich bin ja grundsätzlicher Tierfilm-Verweigerer und habe weder Free Wilhelm noch den Pferdeflüsterer gesehen, das geht mir alles meilenweit vorbei, aber ich liebe es, wie man selbst in diesem Stück hier praktisch ab dem ersten Shot Spielbergs Handschrift erkennt. Für Leute, die solchen Kram anschauen, ist das wohl ein Must-Watch. Ich guck' derweil nochmal Re-Animator.
Set against a sweeping canvas of rural England and Europe during the First World War, "War Horse" begins with the remarkable friendship between a horse named Joey and a young man called Albert, who tames and trains him. When they are forcefully parted, the film follows the extraordinary journey of the horse as he moves through the war, changing and inspiring the lives of all those he meets—British cavalry, German soldiers, and a French farmer and his granddaughter—before the story reaches its emotional climax in the heart of No Man's Land.
The First World War is experienced through the journey of this horse—an odyssey of joy and sorrow, passionate friendship and high adventure. "War Horse" is one of the great stories of friendship and war— a successful book, it was turned into a hugely successful international theatrical hit that is arriving on Broadway next year. It now comes to screen in an epic adaptation by one of the great directors in film history.


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Application Instructions for 2012-13
JOSEPH C. CICERO, JR. SCHOLARSHIP: awarded to current and incoming students majoring in Entrepreneurship
REM SOLUTIONS SCHOLARSHIP: awarded to current students majoring in Entrepreneurship
- Current students must have a minimum 2.0 GPA to apply.
- Submit just one application packet to be considered for all the scholarships for which you are eligible. Refer to the Scholarships Available or the Scholarship Guidelines chart for eligibility.
- For your application to be considered complete, please include the following items:
- Cover page with your name and contact information.
- Current resume.
- One- to two-page essay entitled: "My Past and/or Present Entrepreneurial Achievements and My Future Plans"
- One- to two-page essay entitled: "What are the Best Qualities of Successful Entrepreneurs?"
- Applicants are permitted to submit an optional two-page business plan summary, but this is not required.
- To submit your application please email it to [email protected] (please include all application pages in ONE attached .pdf document)
The deadline for applications is May 20, 2012 @ midnight.
If you have any questions, contact us @ 724-458-2003 or [email protected].
JAMES R. CLIFFORD M.D. '52 SCHOLARSHIP: current students only
- This scholarship is coordinated through the Grove City College Financial Aid Office.
- If you have any questions regarding the financial aid application process, you may contact the Financial Aid Office at 724-458-3300 or [email protected]


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Give Now
According to a study Morgan Stanley released this week more than 2.8 billion cases of wine is produced each year, but consumption is about 3 billion cases.
Solar panels will provide 60% of the energy at the Owen Valley Winery.
A report from the American Wine Coalition gave Indiana an "F" for its availability of wine.
Before 2006, Indiana wineries could sell locally and even ship their product across state lines.
Some wine makers in Indiana are on track for their best seasons to date.
Members of Owen County's Alcoholic Beverage Commission voted unanimously Wednesday to recommend approval of the Owen Valley Winery's downtown tasting room.
Oliver Winery brought in a helicopter to its Creekbend Vineyard to keep its grapes from freezing in Wednesday morning's frost.