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2015 10th Annual Kevin Derryberry Big Celebrity Golf Classic
Hello Golfers & FriendsCan you believe it has been 10 years. 10 years ago we started the Kevin Derryberry Celebrity Golf Classic with Rick and Bubba, KFC, WDJC, Coca Cola, Jay Barker, Bobby Humphrey and many of you. I'm told most tournaments like ours don't go more than a couple of years. We give thanks to God for all of you who have made it possible to keep on keeping on through the years. Because of you we have been able to minister to thousands and see thousands of men, ... Read More
He Makes All Things New CD Release
Celebrating 16 years of life transforming ministry through The Gospel of Jesus Christ . Kevin Derryberry Ministries presents "HE MAKES ALL THINGS NEW" The 10th CD from Kevin Derryberry. Now more than ever spreading the Gospel and making disciples are priorities for Christ followers. As the return of Christ draws closer each day the mandate to multiply disciples in our community and throughout the world must motivate us to prioritize our life to champion the cause of Christ. The drive to share the Gospel is the target Kevin Derryberry Ministries aims ... Read More
Tornado Relief Effort
Kevin Derryberry Ministries wishes to send it's deepest prayers to the people effected by the tornadoes that devastated Alabama and the region on April 27th. We have joined with numerous others to help bring relief to thousands who are in desperate immediate need. We have helped in the areas of Hackleburg AL, Pratt City AL, and Cordova AL, and still there is so much more to do there and all over the region. Friday the 29th we gathered clothes, stuffed animals, and toys for Help for Hackleburg. Saturday the 30th ... Read More
The Kevin Derryberry Band on the Rick and Bubba Show
Since the early days of Kevin's rock band era, Kevin, Rick and Greg Burgess have been friends. Kevin made frequent visits to Jacksonville Al to perform in the eighties and on one such visit met Rick and Greg. Rick worked at the campus radio station at Jacksonville State and would invite Kevin and his band to come and be on his show. Afterwards they would all head out to the venue and Kevin's band would play while Rick and Greg would raid the refreshments in the dressing room. Neither Kevin ... Read More


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It's a shame what Lancaster County and the S.C. Department of Transportation are doing to the roads in my area. Flint Ridge, Earl Cauthen and Rob Neal roads are a disaster waiting to happen. The crews that are "fixing" the potholes and craters in these roads are a joke. They are patching the small places, but leaving the most dangerous spots wide open for someone to tear their cars up when they hit them, because you cannot even go off the side of the road to miss them anymore.
I am always amazed at The Lancaster News and how it handles stories in Lancaster County. It all depends on who you are as to how the news is reported about you. I am well known for some of the good things I do in the community, yet most of those things never seem to make it into the paper.
I see that Lou Desser is another Democrat who believes the propaganda that is fed to him.
Perhaps he can tell us: What is the difference between the federal medical plan U.S. Rep. Mick Mulvaney has vs. all the Democrats in the House and Senate?
He states that 45,000 people died due to lack of health care. Did he read the recent survey of how many died due to medical errors? Can he explain why they did not go to emergency rooms or receive care from Medicaid? If you went bankrupt, then you probably chose not to buy coverage or seek assistance.
The League of Women Voters of South Carolina congratulates Chief Justice Jean H. Toal of the S.C. Supreme Court on her receipt of the inaugural National Center for State Courts "Sandra Day O'Connor Award for the Advancement of Civics Education."
The award was established in 2010 to honor an organization, court or person who has promoted, inspired, improved or led an innovation or accomplishment in the field of civics education.
Our local elections are over for a while, but we learned something that lingers: a candidate's residence is not necessarily where he or she lives, but where he or she registers.
What is bothersome with this is that when we are electing someone to represent the area where we live, we want that someone to be from our area, to actually live there. There must be some way to correct the existing regulations.
U.S. Congressman Mick Mulvaney has given top priority to repealing the Affordable Care Act, which most Republicans refer to as "Obamacare."
This is despite his participation in a fine federal plan that contains all the benefits of the act. (We taxpayers pay most of the premiums that are due on his plan.) But he is determined to deny the benefits to his constituents.
While Nik Bramblett's letter to the editor, "Writer fasting to bring attention to budget cuts," in the April 8 edition of The Lancaster News might be good for his health, it has little pertinence to the needed budget cuts or the Tea Party.
It is not about starving people but of a debt so massive that it can no longer be sustained. You can fast all you want, but it will not pay for the social programs that are in place nor a debt that is increasing by more than a trillion dollars per year. The interest is billions per year.
The USS Titanic is sailing in a sea of debt. To save the sinking ship, the damage-control Democrat team wants to throw five deck chairs overboard and the Republican team wants to throw 20 chairs overboard.
They are meeting in the captain's quarters trying to come to some sort of consensus. Neither will help the sinking ship. First class will suffer, as well as the steerage class. Full steam ahead.
Saturday, April 2, was a very exciting day for the Lancaster County GOP. Six people came forward to take the leadership positions that will bring this county forward to facilitate changes through the 2012 election.
The Lancaster County GOP has been served well by the past leaders, but as there are term limits in most things and the local government party is no exception.
In protest of the outrageous budget being debated in Washington, I recently joined with more than 22,000 other Americans and prominent faith leaders in fasting. I am choosing to miss a meal each day.
If this budget passes, some poor children in the United States will have no choice.
As I write this, Sens. Lindsay Graham and Jim DeMint are seriously debating forcing veterans into homelessness and cutting food aid to pregnant women and children, while giving tax breaks to billionaires.
Copyright © 2015
The Lancaster News is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Lancaster County and Lancaster, South Carolina, and the surrounding area..

subset: commoncrawl


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Tuesday, September 13, 2005
© Copyright 2015 Clayton News Daily
You know that part of a movie, where the acting and the story have built the emotional tone to a boiling point, and then some epic background score ensues to really turn the heat up, climaxing the movie's emotional tempo? It's the part that's kind of supposed to be the tear-jerker.What if they worked this into sports broadcasts somehow? There have been so many times I've been immersed by the excellent acting, writing, and cinematography of a movie. And what makes it incredible is the musical backdrop. It can be as subtle as a violin or as in your face like the pop songs Quentin Tarantino uses. Regardless, a soundtrack always makes the movie for me. Baseball stadiums have the right idea by playing theme music as a batter steps into the plate. But what if they took it a step further and gave had like a little snippet play on the screen. For example, "Legends of the Fall," has an incredible score. There's that great moment when Tristan lays down the law for Alfred. Then movie's score sweeps the audience into a scene transition. That's basically what I imagined happening in the squabble between Jeff Kent and Milton Bradley. They probably were in some cushy Los Angeles strip club, when Bradley said something about Kent's favorite lady. And Kent responded, "Because you love her, I will forgive that, ONCE! Say that again, and you are no longer my brother." As a Dodger fan, I'd love to see this episode on television or on the mega-tron while Bradley warmed up on-deck. Music is one of the most under-appreciated elements of the film making, at least by novice movie-watchers like myself. It's not that I don't love baseball and football already. I just think it would give it a push in the positive direction. Probably the best use of a background score to accent the poignancy of a scene is in "Planes, Trains, and Automobiles." It comes just after Neal Page (Steve Martin) tells Del Griffith (John Candy) that being around him is like "going out with a Chatty Cathy doll." I picture former Reds' closer Danny Graves in John Candy's spot. After he just blew another three run lead, save opportunity, he would stand up in front of the press and say something like, "You want hurt me Go right ahead if it makes you feel any better. Yeah you're right. I talk too much. But I also listen too much. Sure, I could be a cold-hearted cynic like you. But I don't like to hurt people's feelings . . . I like, I like me . My wife likes me. My fans like me. You know why because I'm the real article. What you see is what you get." Then right around when he says "I like me" a tear-jerking chord would be struck on a synthesizer or keyboard, and he'd walk into the clubhouse. Whether it's movies, sports, or life, a soundtrack always makes it better. Justin Boron is the government reporter for the News Daily. His column appears Monday. He can be reached at 770-478-5753 or email@example.com .
More like this story
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- A soundtrack for sports - Justin Boron ( September 15, 2005 )


text: Healthy Recipes Banana Peanutty Smoothie Recipe E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now! Quick Info: Servings Quick Meal Contains Nuts Contains Dairy Vegetarian GERD-Friendly Heart-Healthy Nutritional Info (Per serving): Calories: 345, Saturated Fat: 3g, Sodium: 253mg, Dietary Fiber: 4g, Total Fat: 14g, Carbs: 42g, Cholesterol: 8mg, Protein: 17g Carb Choices: 3 Recipe Source: Prep Time: 2 mins Total Time: 2 mins Ingredients 1/2 cup(s) milk, fat-free 1/2 cup(s) yogurt, low-fat plain 1 small banana(s), less than 6 inches 1 1/2 tablespoon peanut butter 2 whole ice cubes Preparation 1. In a blender combine milk, yogurt, banana, peanut butter and ice cubes. 2. Blend 1 minute, or until smooth. Enjoy. E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now!


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Noah's Ark Zoo Farm's big cats start the new year with a novel workout
Posted: January 07, 2012|
BIG cats at Noah's Ark Zoo Farm in Wraxall found an unusual use for its Christmas tree.
First Tanvir the tiger and then Zulu and Masai the African lion brothers enjoyed time sniffing and scratching the Christmas tree, which was hung upside down in the their enclosures.
Keepers watched as Tanvir pawed and shook the tree and later the lions grabbed and ripped in excitement at the strange new object in their home.
Emma Godsell, big cat keeper at the zoo, said: "Our tigers and lions had a fun afternoon exploring our Christmas tree in their separate enclosures, which due to its strong pine smell got them all very excited.
"The pawing and ripping at the tree is good exercise for the big cats and is a novel way to enrich their day, and recycle our lovely tree."
Noah's Ark reopens for its new season on Saturday, February 4, after its usual winter break.
The lions can be seen online via a 24-hour webcam at www.noahsark zoofarm.co.uk/pages/visiting/webcams /lions-outside.php.


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In Aalborg I found a spirited city with a rich and varied architecture, a great atmosphere and a large visual spectrum offering many inspiring everyday stories.
Photography is my way of living, my escape and the way to express my feelings and thoughts. I use my camera to tell stories. I believe that there are three stories in a photograph: the true story of the moment, the story in the mind of the photographer, and the story in the mind of the viewer. Through the lens I try to unveil the feelings and stories behind the obvious and find the right style to portray them. "Photography is a way of making the invisible visible" (Henry Cartier Bresson)
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Roma Published April 04, 2012


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- Willamette
- Athletics
- News Archive
- 2011
- April
- Willamette to Compete at NWC Championships
Track and Field | Thursday, April 21, 2011
Bearcats to Compete at NWC Championships in Track and Field
SALEM, ORE. -- A talented group of athletes will compete for Willamette University this weekend at the Northwest Conference Track and Field Championships, hosted by Linfield College in McMinnville, Ore. Action is set to begin on Friday, April 22 at 2 p.m. (PDT). The competition will continue on Saturday, April 23 starting at 10:30 a.m.
The Willamette men's and women's track and field teams have a history of success in the NWC. Willamette has won 21 conference team titles in men's track and field and 13 NWC titles in women's track and field. Since 2002, the Bearcats have won all nine women's championships and six of the nine men's titles.
Last year, the WU women's squad rallied from 28 points behind after the first day to win the NWC Championship with 162 points. George Fox University slipped into second place with 156 points. In the final men's standings, Whitworth University placed first with 266 points and Willamette was second with 185 points.
It should be another fierce battle between the competing teams, and the Bearcats hope to be among the leaders when the final events end on Saturday.
Willamette has seven athletes who have attained NCAA Division III qualifying times this spring.
Kimber Mattox (Jr., Bend, OR/Bend HS/Cornell Univ.) leads the way. She registered an automatic qualifying time in the 3,000-meter steeplechase at the Mt. SAC Relays on April 14. Her time was a Willamette record of 10:23.34, as she broke her own school record by about 15 seconds.
Her time was the seventh fastest every recorded by an NCAA Division III athlete. It also was the fastest time in Division III this season.
Mattox also has recorded a provisional qualifying time in the 5,000-meter run. She earned the time at the Willamette Invitational, when she completed the race in 17:10.28. Her time in the 5,000 leads Division III so far in 2011.
Brandi Miller (Jr., Grants Pass, OR/North Valley HS) has a provisional qualifying score in the heptathlon of 4,102 points. She recorded the score and placed second in the heptathlon at the NWC Multi-Event Championships on April 11-12. It was her career-best overall result as a multi-event competitor.
For the Willamette men's team, five athletes have met the NCAA provisional standards this year. They are Leo Castillo (Jr., Parkdale, OR/Hood River Valley HS), Evin Colignon (Sr., Poulsbo, WA/Charles Wright Academy), Ben Donovan (Jr., Minneapolis, MN/South HS), David Oppat (Sr., Beaverton, OR/Southridge HS) and Stefan Redfield (Sr., Sisters, OR/Sisters HS).
Castillo won a close finish in the 10,000-meter run at the Willamette Invitational to claim his qualifying time. He was victorious in the race by 0.33 seconds and was timed at 30:38.01.
Colignon amassed 6,419 points to win the NWC decathlon title during the NWC Multi-Event Championships earlier this month. While recording the top score, he took first place in the shot put and the discus, and finished in the top five in nine of the 10 events.
Donovan has earned a qualifying time in the 3,000-meter steeplechase two times this season. His top time of 9:18.22 was achieved at the Mt. SAC Relays on April14 and was a new personal record.
The top qualifying mark for Oppat in the shot put was 52'8" at the Lewis & Clark Invitational this past weekend. Oppat's throw won the event at L&C. Oppat also recorded a qualifying mark in the shot put earlier this season at the Willamette Invitational.
Also earning his qualifying mark last weekend was Redfield, who recorded a time of 3:53.35 in the 1,500-meter run during the Mt. SAC Relays on Friday, April 15. He is one of just eight Division III athletes to register a qualifying time in the men's 1,500 so far this season.
When the NWC Top Times were most recently released on April 12, Willamette had at least one athlete ranked among the top five marks in 14 of the 19 men's events and 14 of the 19 women's events (including the decathlon/heptathlon). WU had three of the top five results in the men's 1,500, 5,000 and 3,000-meter steeplechase, plus the women's 1,500.
Jaela Dinsmore (Jr., Hines, OR/Burns HS) was ranked in the top five in the 100-meter dash, 200-meter dash and 400-meter dash. Mattox was among the top five in the 800-meter run, 1,500-meter run, 5,000-meter run and 3,000-meter steeplechase.
For the Bearcat men's team, Castillo was listed in the top five of the 1,500-meter run, 5,000-meter run and 10,000-meter run.
Results from the NWC Multi-Event Championships, held on April 11-12 in Spokane, Wash., have been recorded and will count toward the NWC team titles. Among the men's teams, George Fox University scored 14 points, while Willamette earned 12 points, Whitworth had 10 points and Pacific Lutheran University achieved three points.
In the women's competition, George Fox tallied 27 points during the heptathlon. Willamette was next with six points and was followed by Pacific University with three points, Pacific Lutheran with two points and Whitworth with one point.
NWC Track and Field
At Maxwell Field
McMinnville, Ore.
April 22-23, 2011


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Negative - Jeffree Telescope, Melbourne Observatory, circa 1960 Reg. No: MM 059391
- Summary:
- The Jeffree telescope in the Astrograph House at Melbourne Observatory, circa 1960.
The Jeffree Telescope was built in the 1930s at the Bendigo Railway Workshops, and purchased by the Astronomical Society of Victoria about 1946. Initially in a roll-off shed, it was relocated to the Astrograph House in 1953. The telescope has been used for public demonstrations since the 1940s.
The telescope is a Newtonian reflector, aperture 310 mm.
- Description Of Content:
- The Jeffree telescope in the Astrograph House at Melbourne Observatory, circa 1960.
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|Tagged with:
|observatories, telescopes
|Themes this item is part of:
|Public Life & Institutions Collection, Science & Measurement Collection, Positional Astronomy at Melbourne Observatory, Weights & Measures at Melbourne Observatory, Melbourne Observatory & Standard Time in Victoria, Astrographic Catalogue, Transits of Venus, 1874 & 1882, Buildings at Melbourne Observatory, Star Observations & Personal Equation, Meteorology at Melbourne Observatory, 1863-1908, Melbourne Observatory, 1863-1944, Geodetic Survey of Victoria, 1858-1872
|Primary Classification:
|Secondary Classification:
|Tertiary Classification:
|Negative - Copy: Black & White
|Place & Date Depicted:
|Melbourne Observatory, South Yarra, Victoria, Australia, circa 1960
This item is part of the following themes:
- Public Life & Institutions Collection
- Science & Measurement Collection
- Positional Astronomy at Melbourne Observatory
- Weights & Measures at Melbourne Observatory
- Melbourne Observatory & Standard Time in Victoria
- Astrographic Catalogue
- Transits of Venus, 1874 & 1882
- Buildings at Melbourne Observatory
- Star Observations & Personal Equation
- Meteorology at Melbourne Observatory, 1863-1908
- Melbourne Observatory, 1863-1944
- Geodetic Survey of Victoria, 1858-1872
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(Also participating was General Richard Myers, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff)
Rumsfeld: Good morning. First, I want to express condolences to the families of the three service members who died in the crash of the MC-130H on June 12th in Afghanistan. They were Air Force Tech Sergeant Sean Corlew of Thousand Oaks, California; Air Force Staff Sergeant Anissa Shero of Grafton, West Virginia; and Army Sergeant First Class Peter Tycz. These service members served with honor so that our country can be free. And certainly, our hearts go out to their loved ones.
On Friday, we returned from a trip to Europe, the Gulf and South Asia. I suppose if there's a single thread that runs through these very different parts of the world, it is that all of the countries we met with are very much in agreement with President Bush on the global war on terrorism. In the process of fighting the war on terrorism, and it will be a long one, and because of the broad coalition support, America has the opportunity to really reshape relationships in the world in ways that can contribute significantly to peace and stability over the coming several decades.
In London, I met with Prime Minister Blair and Defense Minister Hoon. We discussed a range of issues that we faced together as wartime allies. In the meetings at NATO, we provided a detailed briefing on the efforts of terrorist networks and states to acquire weapons of mass destruction. The allies agreed that we need to pursue a range of new capabilities focused on weapons of mass destruction defense and detection, strategic airlift, interoperable communications and advanced weapons. The goal of this NATO initiative is a stronger, more capable NATO in the war against terror. Had a number of bilateral meetings there, including France, Russia, as well as the 10 NATO aspirants.
In Estonia I met with the defense ministers of Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and Finland, as well as the Baltic nations, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. The latter three, the Baltic states, are very enthusiastic about taking whatever steps necessary to join NATO. Those decisions, of course, are some months away, but certainly their energy and their commitment is notable.
Also visited Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar, was very well received by all three countries. Each is being helpful in the global war on terrorism.
And last, we visited India and Pakistan. The military situation on the ground and the respective levels of alert has really not changed notably. However, there is a clear perception that tensions are easing and that the likelihood of a conflict is lessening. Both nations have taken some initial steps that, while not definitive, are having a positive effect. The leaders of both countries are increasingly aware that tension in the region is hurting them economically, and there is no question but that that's the fact. Fear of war discourages international investment, to the detriment of the economies of both country (sic) and certainly the people of both countries.
There are several risks ahead in the period we're now entering, including the possibility, of course, of a terrorist act beyond the control of either party, which could be misunderstood and conceivably provoke a reaction. I -- we raised that issue with both countries, and I think they're sensitive to it. Both India and Pakistan indicate a desire for continued U.S. involvement and appreciated the efforts that President Bush and Prime Minister Blair and others have been making.
Finally, I had the pleasure of meeting with a great many U.S. and coalition forces during the trip, including a stop to Germany to thank all of -- many of those who were flying the NATO AWACS flights over the United States for so many months, which ended just last month. We visited with large numbers of forces in Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, as well as -- not just U.S. but also coalition forces in some of those countries. And needless to say, it was a highlight of the trip and a privilege to be able to thank them personally for their sacrifices and their hard work. Our troops are ready, they're enthusiastic, and they're dedicated, and we are indeed fortunate to have such truly outstanding young men and women voluntarily stepping forward to serve our country.
General Myers.
Myers: Thank you, Mr. Secretary. And first let me add my condolences to those of the secretary's for the families and friends of the three service members who lost their lives in that MC-130 crash in Afghanistan. Clearly, our hearts and our thoughts go out to those families and friends.
Operation Mountain Lion continues in Afghanistan. Our teams are searching sites throughout the country for Taliban and remaining al Qaeda forces and weapons. Over the last two-plus weeks, U.S. and coalition forces have uncovered several weapons caches, which include a large number of RPGs [Rocket-Propelled Grenades] and their launchers, small arms and small-arm rounds -- this is in the numbers -- in the hundreds of thousands -- grenades, mortars and even 30 shoulder-fired missiles -- surface-to- air missiles.
Our training program for the Afghan national army continues. The first battalion is reaching the midpoint of its training cycle, and the second battalion has recently started there training. We're pleased at this point with the progress.
So that's a brief update of events in Afghanistan. The only last comment, I think everybody is well aware that General Shelton did return home this weekend from the hospital, is recovering there. And in fact, he actually spent this weekend, I think, at his -- at the beach down in North Carolina. So he's obviously on the road to recovery.
And with that, we'll take your questions.
Rumsfeld: Charlie.
Q: Mr. Secretary, I'm sure somebody will get back to the shoulder-fired missiles, but I'd like to ask you about reports this weekend -- you just said that you found in your trip to Europe, the Gulf and South Asia, generally, people are in step with the United States on the war on terrorism.
Rumsfeld: Well, clearly, there is broad understanding of the terrorist threat. Many of those countries have experienced those threats, and we receive -- we're currently receiving already good support from them. And indeed, the trip reinforced that.
Q: Thank you.
You have said, as the president has said repeatedly, that this can't be a defensive war, but you must, as you say, go after the terrorists actively. There are reports that United States - this department specifically is forming a new policy, where it would be centered around preemptive attacks on not only terrorist groups, but on states that sponsor terrorism. Number one, is that true? And number two, isn't that extremely difficult in today's political world, to launch preemptive strikes against states and then have to show the world, in fact, we were right in doing so?
Q: Well, first, it's not true. To my knowledge, this department is not fashioning such a doctrine or policy. The National Security Council is, as I believe, been preparing a national security strategy. And it may be that comments about that have been in the press and led someone to think that it's something here. But I think probably it is more a reflection of the president's speeches, where he has been commenting on this, and very likely the work that's being done on the -- in the National Security Council for a national security paper of some sort.
"Isn't that difficult?" is the second part of your question, as I recall. You know, life is difficult. It would also be difficult to know that a terrorist organization was about ready to fly airplanes into the Pentagon and the World Trade Center and not do something about it preemptively. In other words, what else can you do other than go after those terrorists that have publicly and privately organized, trained and equipped to attack America and American interests and free people -- innocent men, women and children? There is no choice with terrorist acts, other than to find them, and that is exactly what we did in Afghanistan, if you think about it. You can call that defense, which I do, because it is the only way in the world to deal with that type of problem, or you can call it preemptive.
It is what it is. It is simply a conscious decision on the part of the president of the United States. And I believe the overwhelming majority of the American people, and certainly the Congress, that in the event you have people who are determined and dedicated to killing innocent men, women and children, that the only thing you can do is to try to find them and stop them. And that is what this global war on terrorism is all about.
Q: But how about countries -- for instance, Iraq, Syria, countries that support terrorists? How about preemptive strike against whole countries that --
Rumsfeld: Those decisions are not for me. But what I have said is a fact; that we made a conscious decision that Afghanistan was a threat to this country, the Taliban government and the al Qaeda that were using it for terrorist training; and we have gone and done something about it. And that is self-evident.
Q: Mr. Secretary, some of my caustic brethren are accusing the Bush administration of checkbook diplomacy in trying to defuse the tensions between India and Pakistan, sort of a one-two punch; Deputy Secretary of State Dick Armitage went over with foreign aid books in his pocket. What did you offer in the way of military hardware to both countries? And what is it going to cost us in terms of U.S. dollars? And that includes sensors, if you will.
Rumsfeld: There's no decisions with respect to sensors. That's something that I believe was raised in another country. I was asked about it. It was discussed. To the extent that it's possible -- and that's a technical question that remains very much open -- to the extent it's possible to do something useful in that regard, I suppose people might be wiling to do so. But checkbook diplomacy, I think, is essentially an inappropriate comment. I don't know that Rich Armitage went over with a checkbook, and I know I didn't. So I think it's a misunderstanding or mischief, one of the two.
Q: Can you tell us what you offered, though, in the way of hardware, if any, to both countries?
Rumsfeld: Absolutely nothing. To the extent any hardware is being discussed, it's being discussed at a lower level; it was not part of my agenda.
Q: General, the shoulder-fired, surface-to-air missiles that you found in Afghanistan, were they U.S. or Russian? What make were they?
Myers: They were foreign made, and I believe they were Chinese, matter of fact.
Q: How many?
Myers: Thirty.
Q: All in one spot?
Myers: I think this was all in one group.
Q: Have you found many in other locations, or is this sort of something new?
Myers: I think we have -- I'll have to review that. But I think we have found a few in other places. But I think this is the largest number we've found in one spot.
Q: Were these old -- were these -- could these be used? Were they old missiles?
Myers: I'll have to check on that, Charlie. I think -- let me just check on -- see what their -- status of their condition.
Q: Sir, back to your trip to the region. The administration's policy is to promote regime change in Iraq. President Bush has not talked about how he would go about regime change --
Rumsfeld: I think it's more than the administration; I think the Congress has expressed itself on the subject.
Q: You also. But my question is this: In your trips to the Gulf region, did Bahrain and some of the other places you visited, share that view that Iraq is such a serious threat there needs to be a regime change, or did you spend a lot of time convincing them of the administration's perception on this issue?
Rumsfeld: I had very good meetings in each country, and I don't intend to discuss the private conversations.
Q: Follow-up?
Rumsfeld: Yes.
Q: To follow up on Charlie's question earlier, when you said a conscious decision was made that Afghanistan, as it was, posed a threat, has the administration made the conscious decision that Iraq, in fact, poses a threat to the security of the United States?
Rumsfeld: Well, I think the fact that the Congress has expressed itself on regime change, the president has, indicates that the United States and a number of other countries believe that the world would be a safer place if there were regime change. And as a result, the United States has been and is currently doing a variety of things. That's why we have coalition forces in Operation Southern and Northern Watch. That's why we have various diplomatic activities taking place in the United Nations. That's why the United Nations had sanctions on the country. That's why there were inspectors in there. And, of course, that's why the regime threw the inspectors out. So it is -- I don't know -- I just don't --
Q: But the decision by the U.S. government, the Congress and the previous administration, to seek a regime change was made some time ago. Has -- does Iraq pose any greater threat today?
Rumsfeld: Well, sure.
Q: Than when Congress originally passed a resolution declaring that there should be a regime change?
Rumsfeld: It does. Every day that goes by, its development programs mature. And to the extent they become more mature, obviously, the capabilities both for the weapons of mass destruction themselves, as well as the ability to deliver them, evolve as well.
Question? Yes?
Q: As you look at what has recently transpired in Morocco, at the bombing of the American consulate in Karachi shortly after you left, the bombing of the synagogue in Tunisia, other recent events, what's your sense of the current status of the al Qaeda, their dispersement around the world since the operation in Afghanistan, just how dispersed they are, how active they are, what some of these operations that they may have undertaken really represent right now, and the future threat you believe they pose?
Rumsfeld: Mm-hmm. Yeah. Well, I'm really not in a position to -- at the moment to run a thread from al Qaeda to any one of those things you have mentioned. It takes time after the fact to try to determine -- sometimes people take credit, if you will, to misuse the word "credit." And I think that it's premature to know precisely the instigators of those various actions.
From the very outset, we have pointed out that al Qaeda is -- was a global network, that it was spread across the globe, that it was not concentrated in Afghanistan. Afghanistan was where the individual who seemed to be the leader of al Qaeda was located, and it is -- was Afghanistan that -- where much of the training took place, although the training has taken place in other countries as well. And so they were already all over the world -- 40, 50, whatever number of countries; it's hard to know.
I don't doubt for a minute but that the work we've done in Afghanistan has made it a country that's less hospitable to al Qaeda. The training camps are destroyed. So training is being done somewhere, one has to assume, and -- but not likely to be in Afghanistan. And if we found it, we'd do something about it.
There are still al Qaeda in Afghanistan, and they're certainly in the neighboring countries. That suggests to me that a number were killed and a number have fled, and very likely a number are still there. They're trying to blend into some way that they can hide. The activity in Afghanistan clearly instigated a dispersion of these people, which I think is much better than having them training and managing terrorist acts around the world. Does it make it harder to find some of them? Well, it was hard to find them there, so I don't know if it makes it harder. What we do know is that the 60-plus countries that are involved in the coalition are, together, putting pressure on these folks and making life difficult for them. And that is a good thing. It is making it more -- they would be doing more terrorist acts were that pressure not on them. They would be raising more money, recruiting more people, and killing more innocent men, women and children.
Q: Are you surprised that there have been three U.S. citizens allegedly involved with al Qaeda? Do you expect more?
Rumsfeld: Well, I guess I'm not surprised, and I would think there are more. We just haven't found them. You know, we have a big country, couple of hundred-plus million people. We've got people who think everything in the world in this country of ours. And it doesn't surprise me at all that some would be affiliated with that organization.
Q: What's your current assessment of the links between Iraq and al Qaeda? Are you finding links between them as time goes on and as you pursue your investigations?
Rumsfeld: I think I'm going to pass on that one. It's something that people think about and they look into and as information is developed, it gets tested and examined. And to the extent it looks promising or interesting or worth pursuing more, talking about it becomes the least interesting thing in the world from our standpoint. So, we are on a full-court press to find al Qaeda anywhere in the world. And we know some places where they are, and to the extent we get cooperation of the countries, like we do in the case of Pakistan, we go after them. To the extent they're in Iran, where we're not getting cooperation, obviously we don't. But they're in lots of places.
Q: Can you say whether you've found any connection between the two?
Rumsfeld: That's not for me. That's not the Pentagon's business. That's intelligence gathering, that type of thing.
Q: But if you don't find those links, does it not make your job and the administration's job, of rationalizing and selling a campaign against Iraq much, much more difficult?
Rumsfeld: (Chuckles.) There are a number of global terrorist organizations -- al Qaeda is one of them. There are a number of countries that are on the terrorist list. Of those countries on the terrorist list, there are a number that have and/or are developing weapons of mass destruction. It seems to me that the nexus between terrorist organizations and terrorist states and weapons of mass destruction is something that merits the attention of the American people and other like-thinking nations across the globe.
Q: Along those same lines, you mentioned that the Iraqis' development program continues to mature. Any hard evidence of that? Do you assume, because the inspectors haven't been in for a number of years that they are rebuilding? And have you seen anything from satellites, let's say, of rebuilding particular sites? Can you give us anything on that?
Rumsfeld: I could, but I won't. There's no point in getting into intelligence and telling the world that this country or that country is doing this, that or the other thing. It doesn't serve our purpose.
Q: So there is hard evidence that --
Rumsfeld: I'm -- I'm -- I'm not going to get into intelligence matters.
Q: Can we go back to al Qaeda just for a second? There have been a number of reports in recent days that the scattering of al Qaeda in Afghanistan has made them more dangerous and/or difficult to deal with. Do you disagree with that? Is that what you're saying?
Rumsfeld: Well, I mean, how do you make an al Qaeda more dangerous? He's trained to go out and kill people and fly airplanes into buildings. Big appetite for weapons of mass destruction. Threatening free people all across the globe. Bombed embassies. You know, done a whole series of things. What gradation of "more dangerous" are we looking for here?
Q: Perhaps more difficult for you to counter.
Rumsfeld: That's a separate issue -- more difficult. No. They were difficult there, they're difficult no matter where they are. They're not going to congregate in large groups and say, "Here's our army, here's our navy, here's our air force." The nature of this is that it's hard. The defense establishment was organized trained and equipped to go out and fight armies, navies and air forces. The global terrorist networks do not have armies, navies and air forces. It becomes very much a law enforcement and intelligence gathering, a coalition, a task of bringing all elements of national power to bear -- political, diplomatic, economic, financial, intelligence gathering, overt, covert -- all of that. It's a totally different ball game. It has become a defense issue because the danger is so significant to our country and to our forces overseas and to our friends and allies. So the Department of Defense is engaged in these tasks, and that is why these sweeps are being done in Afghanistan. That is why we're cooperating with Pakistan, trying to find -- that's why we're training people in Yemen and in Georgia and in the Philippines, trying to be helpful -- for them to be able to do a better job or going after them -- the terrorists. That is why we're adjusting, how we do things, so that we can participate more fully in what has historical been an intelligence-gathering and law enforcement effort -- a manhunt, if you will -- a people-hunt -- trying to prevent those kinds of things from happening.
Q: What would an example of the "adjusting" that you're doing be? You said you were "adjusting."
Rumsfeld: Well, we've changed our defense strategy. We've adjusted in our Defense Planning Guidance. We are shifting our emphasis, in terms of budget allocations, what we're doing. We have recognized the fact that there are a variety of things, such as unmanned aerial vehicles and Special Forces and things that are distinctively helpful in the task we're currently engaged in. We're beefing up our intelligence. We're improving various other types of capabilities, so that we can try to do over the coming year, two three. We've increased homeland defense -- we've reorganized from the standpoint of the Northern Command. There's just a lot of things we're doing that reflect that reality that the world has shifted. And we're going to have to be arranged and organized and equipped to deal with it better.
Q: Mr. Secretary, some Pakistani leaders acknowledge that there are a large number of al Qaeda fighters and perhaps leaders inside their country, as U.S. commanders believe. And is there a possibility that more U.S. troops may be used in connection with Pakistani troops to go after them?
Rumsfeld: There's no question but that the Pakistanis understand that that border's porous, and a lot of folks came over -- Taliban and al Qaeda. There's also no question but that President Musharraf is bound and determined and -- if, and, and when he finds al Qaeda or Taliban milling around in his country, he's is determined to go get them. And he has demonstrated that and been enormously helpful. If I'm not mistaken, he's just put some more forces on --
Myers: That's correct.
Rumsfeld: -- within the last 24 hours, which --
Myers: Yes, sir.
Q: There are more U.S. troops?
Rumsfeld: No, no, no, no. More Pakistani. If you'll recall, we generally like to have other countries describe what they're doing in the global war on terrorism. And therefore, they have indicated what they're doing with respect to what I've just indicated, and I'm not going to get into anything else that might --
Q: How many troops, Mr. Secretary?
Rumsfeld: There's two elements. I've forgotten --
Myers: There's two companies, I think -- (inaudible).
Rumsfeld: Two companies.
Q: The troops have returned because of the easing in tensions, or is this an increase over what they've had there all along?
Rumsfeld: It's an increase over what they have had there in recent weeks. And it is helpful, and we are pleased, and whether that reflects an additional easing of tension, I guess, is for them to characterize. But obviously, they had a choice. They could have put those forces on the Indian border or they could have put them on the Afghan border; and to our advantage, they have put them along the Afghan border.
Q: (Inaudible.)
Rumsfeld: I didn't ask.
Q: General Myers, reports from the Philippines today, from Basilan Island, indicate that some U.S. Marines and Philippine military came under fire as they were guarding a Navy construction site and returned fire to someone. Do you have any details about that? Is that the first time U.S. forces have actually come under fire in the Philippines in that operation?
And Mr. Secretary, have you come any closer in making a decision about whether U.S. troops might accompany Philippine military on actual patrols as they go after Abu Sayyaf guerrillas?
Myers: On the first part, obviously, I think everybody knows that we have a naval construction task force there that is helping with road construction and with some well drilling. And it was that force that was being protected by not only Marine security elements but also by the armed forces of the Philippines. And there was -- first reports, which we know first reports can be in error -- there was an armed group that was found and there was some fire exchanged. Who shot, whether it was Philippine armed forces or whether it was U.S. military, is not clear at this point, and that will be looked into. It's, of course, nighttime over there, but our commander over there is looking into that and we should know more as day breaks.
Rumsfeld: The subject of where we are with respect to the Philippines is we're close to ending the first phase. I believe next month that that ends. And Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz visited the Philippines and came back with a report, which has now moved through the Joint Staff and the Chairman, and I was briefed when I arrived back. And it's now, I presume, you know, at some point will be discussed with the interagency process and we'll see. But it has jelled and we'll know something more soon, I suppose.
Q: But there's been some discussion about whether U.S. forces would interact with the Philippine military, I guess at the company --
Rumsfeld: The next level down, yeah.
Q: (You've ?) made a decision on that?
Rumsfeld: You see, it's not for me to make a decision. That's a step that's going to end up being made at a higher level. And rather than announcing my -- what I'm recommending, I'd just as soon let it get sorted out in the next few days. And it also has to get sorted out in the Philippines, needless to say.
Q: Mr. Secretary, back to regime change on Iraq, if that is done -- I mean, the administration has said that's our policy -- if that is done, is anybody looking at what will come afterwards; what the new regime will be; whether the country will hold together, or anything like that? What the policy will be?
Rumsfeld: Well, that -- I can't. That's obviously not so much a Pentagon subject. But clearly, the world is looking at that from time to time. It's looked at it for years. There have been lots of people hoping that the regime would change for a good many years. I think it's not for the United States to prejudge what that world ought to look like there, but clearly, if you want one individual's view, one thing you'd want is a country that did not develop weapons of mass destruction. A second thing you'd want would be a country that was not representing a threat to its neighbors and periodically announcing that they were illegitimate and that they should be overthrown. A country that would not invade Kuwait or its other neighbors would be kind of an improvement. I personally think a single country, as opposed to a fractured country, is useful, also, given the neighborhood they're in. There are certain advantages of a single country.
But what other elements might go into something like that? It's obviously premature, and it isn't so much for any one-person or any one country to opine on that.
Q: Mr. Secretary, today's the 30th anniversary of the Watergate break-in. And on CNN Today there was -- they were engaging in a discussion of Deep Throat, who Deep Throat might be. One viewer e-mailed in to CNN, suggesting that you were Deep Throat. (Laughter.) Any comment?
Rumsfeld: You really are scraping the bottom of the barrel. (Laughter.)
Q: But you don't deny it, sir? (Laughter.)
Rumsfeld: (Laughs.) Oh, that is wonderful. That is amusing. I'd heard every name in the world except -- no, I was kind of busy running the economic stabilization program and was not really engaged in that process.
Q: I'll take that as a no.
Rumsfeld: (Laughs.) That's a safe assumption. I do not want the record to show that I even bothered to deny it, however.
Q: Does that mean --
Rumsfeld: It doesn't even merit a no. But --
Q: Is that a "you've got to be kidding"? If so, he ties me with three.
Rumsfeld: He does. He does. He gets a "you've got be kidding." Good. Thank you.
Q: General Myers, if I could ask, in connection with the weapons seizures over the past two weeks that you mentioned, in any of those instances, were there armed engagements between coalition forces and suspected al Qaeda or Taliban?
Myers: I can't -- I mean, there have been several of these finds, and I can't remember in each case. But I think in most cases it's going through and cleaning up areas where we don't know if we're going to find Taliban or al Qaeda, but in the process of looking through some of these sites, some of which we've been led to by friendly Afghan forces, that there is not necessarily an engagement; that we -- we are led to these sites, or we find them on our own, and it's following up on previous work.
Q: Have there been any new additional detentions in the past two weeks of suspected al Qaeda or Taliban?
Rumsfeld: There have been some -- a couple of folks swept up within the last period of three days, I think.
Myers: I think so. And some possibly turned over from another --
Rumsfeld: Small numbers.
Q: And do you know -- Mr. Secretary, is the U.S. military holding on to any other Americans besides Hamdi in Norfolk and Padilla in Charleston?
Rumsfeld: Okay. I'm going to repeat the question, so there's no ambiguity. The question is, do you know if the U.S. military is holding on to any other suspects --
Q: (Off mike) --
Rumsfeld: Just a minute. Just a minute. I'm going to answer the question you asked. My recollection is that we have one in Charleston, one in Norfolk, I believe, and then we have folks at Bagram we're holding. We still have some in Kandahar that the military are holding, and we have some at Gitmo. And I don't believe there's any aboard airplanes or ships a the present time, although from time to time there have been, obviously, going -- moving from one place to another.
Q: There are Americans --
Q: But Americans --
(Cross talk.)
Rumsfeld: Oh, just Americans?
Q: American suspects --
Rumsfeld: Oh! Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you meant the totality of it. I can't think of any other Americans. There have been, what, two -- three?
Q: Lindh --
Rumsfeld: We don't have him. That's U.S. military -- he's in the Article 3 process.
Q: And have you observed a change in tactics on the part of al Qaeda? We've sort of skirted around this. There is an assumption that al Qaeda is coming at the U.S. in a different way. They're happier to do lower-level technology strikes just to draw blood. Are you seeing that, or is that just sort of --
Rumsfeld: I think that the answer is that they are shifting their efforts, of necessity. They've got less money, they've got fewer training camps in -- probably none in Afghanistan, and fewer in the world. There is no question but that their lines of control and communication have been disrupted. The problem with them is they tend to plan well in advance of the actual event. And we keep doing things that disrupt their ability to engage in terrorist acts, but unquestionably, we're not going to disrupt them all. There's no way to do that. Life's not perfect.
You know, how long before we'll know what their new approach is? Clearly, if you think about it, if you were al Qaeda and you had tried the airplane approach, it's now harder to get on an airplane to do that. It's harder to function on an airplane, once you're on there, to do that. Therefore, it's not surprising that they're going to migrate over to other areas. That's what terrorists do. They look for -- they move across the spectrum looking for ways to achieve their goal, and their goal is to kill innocent men, women and children, and there are lots of ways to do that.
And I think that it's -- it's not a guess, it's a judgment that they unquestionably will be looking for things that -- where they can find soft targets and get at it without the difficulty that they would now have, for example, in trying to repeat some of the things that they've done previously. I mean, that doesn't mean they can't do that, but if you think about it, our embassies are better guarded today than they were in the 1990s. Our ships' force protection has been changed, obviously, so that's a deterrent. We've got a much better set of things that have changed here in the United States with respect to airliners, as have other countries. There's just a lot of things that have changed and, therefore, you've got to assume they're going to migrate over.
Q: Are you getting to the point soon where some of the detainees in Gitmo or in Bagram -- you're starting to realize maybe you've gotten what you can get out of them, and maybe some of them are not as key players as you might have thought? And is it possible that some of them may be released soon?
Rumsfeld: I would hope so. But I must say, it's a tough call. I -- we're getting up close to our capacity with single-cell occupancy that we looked at this morning. And I am not enamored of the idea of taking the taxpayers' money and building a lot more jail cells down in Guantanamo Bay, to be perfectly honest. On the other hand, we keep reviewing these folks and interrogating them and trying to get other countries to see if they're interested in them or seeing if there aren't people that we -- or who have health problems that are sufficiently serious that we can off-load them or people who just don't look interesting. And they do a re-screening from time to time and take a look at these folks. And to the extent they don't think they need them, they off-load them. But --
Q: Have any been released?
Rumsfeld: Sure.
Q: From Guantanamo?
Rumsfeld: I think so.
Rumsfeld: I don't know. Not a lot. Not as many as I'd like.
Q: (Off mike) -- before?
Rumsfeld: I'm sure it has, yeah. I think there was someone who was not feeling well.
Q: The one who was sort of mentally handicapped.
Q: -- mentally ill.
Rumsfeld: And I know we have, from -- one of the things we do is, when we get offered these people up, whether in Afghanistan or in Pakistan, we do screening then, and then we take some number. Let's say there's 50 offered up, and we take 30. The other 20 don't look interesting. We take 30. We then would do further screening in Afghanistan. And some of those we might turn back. And that's happened. Whether it's happened out of Gitmo or not, it may not have. But it certainly has happened, and we're doing that fairly continuously.
So the concern is, imagine -- well, first of all, appreciate the fact that these are pros. A lot of these people are very well trained. They know how to deal with interrogation. They are clever, and they lie through their teeth, and they tell different stories at different times. And you begin piecing things together.
Now let's say you get lucky, and you catch somebody in Pakistan someplace or Afghanistan or you discover somebody in Gitmo or Bagram or Kandahar -- we still have some people in Kandahar.
Rumsfeld: And you start interrogating that person, and for whatever reason, you learn something. Or you catch a laptop or a pager or a telephone or something. And it turns out that one of the fellows that you've been talking to for six months and looked not interesting at all turns out to be very interesting.
And another things that's happened is, one individual was around for close to a year in a different setting and ended up after a year deciding that he wanted to talk. So you worry about letting somebody go who doesn't look interesting and therefore, the fact that I'm not eager to build more cells probably is of lesser importance than -- I'm also not eager to let people go who'll end up possibly becoming quite interesting and saving people's lives.
Q: Are you at all concerned about the constitutional rights of the Americans who are being held without trial, without legal representation, without communication, without any way of --
Rumsfeld: These two Americans you're talking about?
Q: Are you concerned at all? Is that an issue that you're concerned with? Or are you just more interested in holding them and finding out what they know?
Rumsfeld: Has it ever been that somebody would send -- get a friend to send an e-mail like the one you described earlier so that they could ask that question in a press briefing? Do you think that -- no one would do that. That would be wrong. That wouldn't happen.
Q: I just noted that as a viewer.
Rumsfeld: I see.
Q: Sitting in my office.
Rumsfeld: I see. Okay.
Q: It looked like it fell on my beat, so I figured I'd better follow up.
Rumsfeld: How could I answer the question: am I at all concerned about the constitutional rights of Americans, in any way other than, of course I am. We all are. The whole society is. That's why we have all these rules and procedures and laws and precedent that's built up since the beginning of the founding of the republic. It's a wonderful system we have, and we do indeed do a wonderful job of protecting the rights of everybody. And I care about all of that.
The fact remains that when a person, regardless of their country of origin or their nationality or their citizenship, single or dual, is captured and in every respect can be properly categorized as a combatant against the United States, their citizenship is interesting, but the fact that they are a combatant against our country is also interesting. And throughout history, in conflicts, people who take up arms against us, our country or any other country, it's a well- established practice that those people are detained and kept away and not given the opportunity to be released and go right back and take up arms against the country again.
There's a Supreme Court to that -- decision to that effect. One of the -- I believe one of the German saboteurs had at least some reason to claim American citizenship, and the court ruled, I believe -- here's a law school dropout talking about the law again. I'm a little nervous. But if I'm not mistaken, the Supreme Court ruled that even were that person's U.S. citizenship credentials validated, that would not matter; that that person was a combatant against the country, part of a saboteur group, German saboteur group, in 1942.
Q: The question in that case was whether they would face justice from a military commission or from U.S. civil courts. It wasn't a question of whether they could be held indefinitely facing no charges, no trial and no prospect of ever being released.
Rumsfeld: Mm-hmm. There are interesting articles being written almost weekly now by people who are thoughtful and knowledgeable and balanced and measured on this subject. I read them to learn, and at -- one of them -- I can't remember which one -- recently pointed out that there is a -- I think she said a conundrum between safety and law. That is to say: Where do you put your weight down if there is a person who is threatening your country and may have information that would enable you to save the lives of people in your country? Is your interest in law enforcement, if you will, like you would a car thief?
Let's say someone steals your car while you're sitting here talking to me. And the goal with that person is to arrest the person and, to the extent it's appropriate, try them and then, to the extent it's appropriate, punish them so that they don't steal cars again and so that other potential car thieves (sic) are aware that there's a penalty for stealing a car. That's simple.
To treat a person who's a member of a terrorist organization that has killed thousands of Americans and is threatening and is trying to get their hands on weapons of mass destruction and threatening thousands more Americans as a car thief and a person that -- really your first goal is to grab him, stop him from stealing cars, stick him in the slammer and punish him -- that is just not appropriate.
What you need to do in -- that's why there's that tension there, and it seems to me it's important for the society and the press and government to recognize that we need to balance those things.
But there are two distinct needs. One is to protect rights, to be sure, and the other is to protect safety of the American people. And you do that not by taking a terrorist and treating him like a car thief and putting him in jail and compromising all the witnesses that might have to be involved to do that and all the information you might have to reveal to do that. And to the extent that the person, as some are doing, wants to serve as their own counsel, then the -- their counsel has to be apprised of a whole host of things that could end up compromising the safety of the American people.
So when you say am I concerned about constitutional rights of American citizens, the answer is yes. You might also ask the second question: Am I concerned about the safety of the American people and would like to do everything possible to not have thousands more killed? The answer is yes, I'm concerned about that, too.
Q: How about a quick follow-up?
Q: Could these --
Rumsfeld: Thank you. I think we're going to -- we're -- I ran over here. I apologize. Good to see you all.
Q: Thank you. Come back and see us.
Rumsfeld: You bet.


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Statistic df Sig.
.21 1598 .000*
* This is lower bound of the true signifcance
(a) Lilliefors Significance Correction
You could use the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic Z test evaluates statistically whether the difference between the observed distribtuion and a theoretical nornal distribtuion is small enough to be just due to chance. If it could be due to chance you would treat the distribution as being normal. If the distribution between the actual distribtuion and the theoretical normal distribution is larger than is likely to be due to chance (sampling error) then you would treat the actual distribution as not being normal.
Table showing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic for assessing normality
The graphical methods discussed present qualitative information about the distribution of data that may not be apparent from statistical tests. Histograms, box plots and normal probability plots are graphical methods are useful for determining whether data follow a normal curve. Extreme deviations from normality are often readily identified from graphical methods. However, in many instances the decision is not straightforward. Using graphical methods to decide whether a data set is normally distributed involves making a subjective decision; formal test procedures are usually necessary to test the assumption of normality.
In general, both statistical tests and graphical plots should be used to determine normality. However, the assumption of normality should not be rejected on the basis of a statistical test alone. In particular, when the sample is large, available, statistical tests for normality can be sensitive to very small (i.e., negligible) deviations in normality. Therefore, if the sample is very large, a statistical test may reject the assumption of normality when the data set, as shown using graphical methods, is essentially normal and the deviation from normality too small to be of practical significance.
At the end of this topic, you should be able to:
explain what is the normal distribution
assessing normality using graphical techniques - histogram
assessung normality using graphical techniques - box plots
assessing normality using graphical techniques - normality plot
assessing normality using statistical techniques
Another powerful and most commonly employed tests for normality is the
test by Shapiro and Wilk, also called the Shapiro-Wilk test. It is an effective method for testing whether a data set has been drawn from a normal distribution.
If the normal probability plot is approximately linear (the data follow a normal curve), the test statistic will be relatively high.
If the normal probability plot has curvature that is evidence of non-normality in the tails of a distribution, the test statistic will be relatively low.
In terms of hypothesis testing, the Shapiro-Wilk test is based on Ho: that the data are normally distributed. The test is used for samples which have less than 50 subjects.
Ho: µ1 = µ2 OR Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2
Reject the assumption of normality if the test of signficance reports a p-value of less (<) than 0.05
DO NOT REJECT the assumption of normality if the test of significance reports a p-value of more (>) than 0.05.
Tests of Normality
Independent variable group
Group 1
22 .055
Group 2 . .166 14 .442
Group 3
16 .084
The Shapiro-Wilk normality tests indicate that the scores are normally distributed in each of the three groups. All the p-values reported are more than 0.05 and hence you DO NOT REJECT the null hypothesis.
SPSS Output
n terms of hypothesis testing, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is based on Ho: that the data are normally distributed. The test is used for samples which have more than 50 subjects.
Ho: µ1 = µ2 OR Ha: µ1 ≠ µ2
If the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test yields a significance level of
less (<) than 0.05
, it means that the
distribution is NOT normal
If the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test yields a significance level of
more (>) than 0.05
, it means that the
distribution is norma
SPSS Output
Table showing the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic for assessing normality
Kolmogrorov-Smirnov (a)
Statistic df Sig.
.057 999 .200*
* This is lower bound of the true signifcance
(a) Lilliefors Significance Correction
The Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test indicates that the p-value is less than 0.05 and hence you REJECT the null hypotheis. You conclude that for this particular distribution is NOT NORMAL.
It should be noted that with large samples even a very small deviation from normality can yield low significance levels, so a judgement still has to made as to whether the departure from nromality is large enough to matter.
You have TWO choices if the distribution is not normal and they are:
Use a Nonparametric Statistic Instead
Transform the Variable to Make ti Normal
a) Use a Nonparametric Statistic
In many cases, if the distribution is not normal an alternative statistic will be available, especially for bivariate analyses such as correlation or comparisons of means. These alternatives which do not require normal distributions are called nonparametric or distribution-free statistics. Some of these alternatives are shown below:
Purpose of Parametric Non-Parametric
Analysis Statistics Statistics
Differences between - Mann-Whitney U test
two independent t-test - Kolmogorov-Smirnov
two means sample
Differences between t-test - Wilcoxon's matched
two dependent means pairs test
Differences between more Oneway - Kurskal-Wallis analysis
than two means ANOVA of ranks
Differences between more Repeated - Friedman's two-way
than two means that is measures analysis of variance
repeated ANOVA - Cochran Q test
Relationship between Pearson r - Spearman Rho
variables - Kendall's tau
- Chi-square
b) Transform the Variable to Make it Normal
The shape of a distribtuion can be changed by expressing it in different way statistically. This is referred to as transforming the distribution, Different types of transformations can ve applied to "normalise" the distribution. The type of transformation selected depends on the manner to which the distribution departs from normality. [
We will not discuss transformation in this course
Examine the SPSS output and determine if the sample is normally distributed.
copyright 2008 learningdomain.com


text:
A satirical bake sale at UC Berkeley captured national attention this week when its Republican student sponsors priced cupcakes according to the buyer's ethnicity.
But their mockery of affirmative action - and the angry backlash on campus - also put the spotlight on a little-known bill awaiting action by Gov. Jerry Brown that could run afoul of California's constitutional prohibition against public agencies granting preferences on the basis of race, ethnicity or gender.
Or it might not.
That's what the fight will be about if Brown signs SB185, a bill intended to increase the presence of black, Latino and Native American students on public campuses by letting schools include race and sex in the factors that they use to decide who gains admission.


text:
Today is July 29, 2015 -
Oceanside Jewish Center
A South Shore Jewish Community
2860 Brower Avenue
Oceanside, NY 11572
Phone: (516) 536-6112
Fax: (516) 536-0347
HaDelet: Hamantashen and Groggers? Yes, it's time for Purim!
Posted on February 01, 2013
Good morning,
Our biggest event since the Hurricane that so profoundly impacted our entire community was a wonderful success last Sunday. Despite what so many in our congregation and neighborhoods have been through, our Family Fun Bowling Day was a great respite from all we're dealing with.
It was a lovely sight, seeing long-term members playing (and schmoozing) together. In fact, a few people remarked how it was the first time in a long time that they had been bowling and were more focused on catching up than how well they played.
And then all of the kids and their parents playing together, some using the bumpers, some using ball guides and having a blast. Two families even put their kids together on one lane while the adults played together on the other (though it didn't seem to help them score higher heh heh).
All in all, it was a wonderful event and thanks to the Men's Club for organizing it. If you want to see some photos, please check out our Bowling Slideshow on our website.
Now that we are entering February, it is time to start thinking about hamantashen, groggers, and costumes. Yes, Purim is our next holiday and our next big event! Please mark your calendars for our Purim Ball on February 23, sponsored by Sisterhood. Purim is certainly one of the more fun holidays in the Jewish year and we hope you'll come have some fun with us.
How many times a year do you get to come to synagogue dressed up in costume and scream and yell when we say Haman? To say Purim is an experience is a little like saying the Sun (when we see it again someday) is a little hot.
For more information, please check out this flyer we have on the website or view a slideshow from last year's Purim Ball and let us know if you want to attend. You can also contact Wendy Pusateri email@example.com or Judy Kagan 678-4860 for more information. We'd love to see you there!


text:
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Select an edition for more focused local news coverage when you visit mlive.
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from reading these posts all it does for me is to reenforce the fact people cannotthink for themselves or remember thje past. ms. granholm inherited a stinking mess from 12 years of engler, the republicans sine ronnie raygun have been forcing down our throats his trickle down syndrome. give the rich tax beaks and they will create jobs. well, since raygun, bush and awol bush we have lost 100's of thousands of jobs. our educational system is broken and the way people like synder want to fix it is with more insane actions.
i agree with calfigiuy, you do stupid things bad stuff happens to you. i grew up in grand blanc and if i left my car running our driveway my parents said dont. i know if i continued to do it they take the keys and hid just to teach a lesson,
i agree with calfigiuy, you do stupid things bad stuff happens to you. i grew up in grand blanc and if i left my car running our driveway my parents said dont. i know if i continued to do it they take the keys and hid just to teach a lesson,
barkey is just corvering own liability in this case. she over stepped authority when she ran the friend of the court. then you were guilty until proven innocent. she has no real leradership ability.
what was the purpose northwestern officials were trying to teach these students. that anti-social behavior is ok? there are reasons for proper social behavior and student codes. look at the behavior of a number of young blacks and then they complain they cvannot get a job. they would rather be out on the street corner selling drugs and pimping then improving their lives. quick without working for it,. it is very pathiec.
i am happy as a kid in a candy store to see that piece of scum anthonie meinkwic is going back to prison. he is a prime example of what happens when parents and grandparents bail their kids out of trouble and deny that the kid is the problem..
i hope thet both rot in hell. ms. hanks. was a loving young lady that did not deserve to be killed by those two cretins!!
i have been voting since 1973 and last election was the first time i had to show ic. this is just another republican ploy for fair elections, there is no voter fraud, the only one's making a mountian out of an ant hill are souless, heartless replucians who want to turn back the clock to the 1800's, when certain people knew their place. i feel sorry for these peoples' children, living with that type of mentality modt horrible,,
these figures are useless, the table should have shown the total amount of students per school district or at least a percentage of truant students
just another example of our glorious govenor trying to control people and enslave them.. people have a very short memory of why this country is in the shape it is in, remember reagun /bush years that was when the war on the middle class was started. who can forget the 12 years of engler? remember the millions of jobs lost when bush jr. was in office? synder is just another republican/conservtive clone that wants to enslave and control us.
our we suppose to trust corporations and big business??
i have to agree with goodmaninwh, we need more people like rep geiss, not one's like we have running now or as govenor.
to dennis koll, rick and papanedz: kudos. if i was on campus and wanted a whites only group, they would riot!!! but the think they can have seperate groups and be equal? equalitity takes work and not shouting how seperate you are, but being together with others. it is time for the black culture to do more and complain less.
is there actual businesses on davison road? i drove down davuson road subday abd was surpeised at the buildings that had been burned. this article leaves a lot to be desired, like the business, a better description of the felon and why more than one id. the victum must have split personalities.
if this thug gets fullerton as a judge he will just get probation. before she will put in jail he needs to do something serious; like get behind in his child support payments!
i have been voting for 18 years, i remember the hoopla when we youngsters tried to get the vote changed to 18. the biggest obsitcle was the republican party. they could draft us to die in some god forgotten jungle but let us have the right to vote, own property get married no way.. then in 2000 an awol air force resevest and a 7 time draft dodgingwingnut were elected illegally, caused a major depression, and 2 illegal wars and for some reason a number of people blame pres. obama for these happenings . wake the h@@l america. what do you have in your head mashed potatoes??
it is not the hourly workers that have caused the problems at the post office. upper management knew that technology i.e., email, was going to give them problems but they sat on their hands and did nothing. in all reality when they did discuss what to do the higher ups just said let's use this as an excuse to break the postal union and make the hourly employees take pay cuts, plus we can give ourselves big bonus for a job well done. this has been happening since ronnie rayguns time. prayer is good, but voting works better.
probally was trying to burn the place for insurance and screwed up .
we should make these republican lawmakers take drug tests. what with the laws they try to get passed are they stoned or just stupid? you do not get much money on welfare and drug tests cost money. also, the cheaper the test the more false postives you get. is this politican an owner or owns stocks in a company that makes these tests. it is an invasion of privacy also, it is just another scheme of the republican party to screw the less fortunate. i would like to see some of these people live on what a recipent receives.


text:
Back in the day, game consoles such as the PS3 Slim and the Xbox were made for one purpose, to play video games. The actual console would be tucked neatly in a corner or on a shelf adjacent to the TV. The game unit was never really meant to be seen.
Fast forward to today and these units are now front and center as part of the multi-media entertainment systems within the home. Colorware offers to help you personalize your Playstation 3 Slim with your preferred color choices.
For $149, the company will paint your PS3 with any color under the rainbow. If you are in the market to buy a PS3 and are willing to fork out $449, Colorware will ship you a new console with a custom paint job. Additionally, they will color match your PS3 Slim controller for free. However, if you're looking for a second dual Shock controller, that paint job will cost you an extra $30.


text:
8 yr-old niece Zoe getting x-ray at the doctor's
Submitted by borg
Share More
Dammy Franco:
July 24, 2012 at 9:51 pm
what am I looking at.
Alyssa White:
July 24, 2012 at 10:11 pm
Explnation: Zoroastrianism is a religion and philosophy based on the teachings of prophet Zoroaste.
Ashley Jean Marie:
July 24, 2012 at 9:48 pm
....The fuck did I just read?
Jessica Patterson:
July 30, 2012 at 6:30 pm
Straight outta The Big Bang Theory sitcom.
Ashkii Young:
July 31, 2012 at 12:42 am
LMAO Zoroastrian!
The E.S.L. Dating Diaries:
July 26, 2012 at 10:10 am
Sorry Ferlinghetti
Bruce Sandidge:
July 24, 2012 at 11:09 am
Why have you typed Zoroastrian?
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Thread: Suggestion for Torrent Files
- 30th January 2007 #1loftysubGuest
Suggestion for Torrent Files
Hi Admin,
I think you know me now through my posts.
Well, can I request you for Torrent Files in this Forum? I know these files may create troubles but as you are well-experienced in this field, how I hope you can control and manage the same.
We can have a different section for Torrent File Hosting and we can share Torrent Files of (Hindi Movies Music Videos MP3/Regional Movies/Music Video/MP3, Funny Videos and much more) and yeah I know these all need your attention all the time and maybe hectic job as well but popularity of this Forum may also increase and lots more views and suggestions will also increase. This Forum is already famous - no doubt but we can have more fun also and it will become a multi-purpose forum as well.
Refer this Forum also - desitorrents.com. This site provides a lot of torrent files and I know India Broadband is not a Torrent Site but how will it be if it becomes partially?
Thanking you in advance.
- 30th January 2007 #2
We cannot start torrents here on this site as it is illegal to do so.The sites which do have torrent trackers are doing it on thier own risk.
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text:
2010 Reunion Class of 1965
45-Year Reunion
Alumni Weekend 2010 Pictures
Be sure to visit the Alumni Weekend 2010 Picture site to view pictures from your reunion. Here you will be able to download images and order prints. If you have pictures from the reunion you would like to have posted on the site, please email them to firstname.lastname@example.com.
Wondering what your classmates are up to? Have exciting news to share with old friends? Join SLSConnect, the law school's professional and social networking website, to reconnect with classmates, develop business connections, and get access to exclusive SLS Content.
Class Gift
The Class of 1965 reunion volunteers have been driving the campaign by setting the following goals, and encouraging their classmates to support SLS:
Class Dollar Goal: $100,000 Participation Goal: 50%
Dollars to Date: $134,385 Participation to Date: 36%
As of October 25, 2010, the following classmates have donated to their class campaign:
Richard F. Barry
Geoffrey C. Beaumont
Walter H. Beebe
Barry B. Berkman
Samuel H. Brown
William H. Bryant
Alden E. Danner
Brian T. Dolan
John S. Eckels
James K. Eckmann
Thomas K. Elden
David H. Ellison
Michael R. Flicker
G. Richard Ford
Benjamin W. Frankel
Raymond Glickman
Ernest H. Goldsmith
Carl M. Hillenbrand
Jack I. Horton, Jr.
David J. Langum, Sr.
Daniel B. Meehl
Fred B. Miller
Elizabeth T. Mitchell
Robert A. Nebrig
LeRoy J. Neider
Paul G. Neimann, Sr.
James C. Oldham
Ronald C. Peterson
John R. Reese
Osborne M. Reynolds, Jr.
John J. Ruprecht
Donna W. Silverberg
Ronald L. Styn
William D. Symmes
A. Dan Tarlock
Thomas M. Triplett
1965 Reunion Classbook (FILE EXCEEDS SIZE LIMIT)
Reunion Co-Chairs
A. Dan Tarlock
Thomas M. Triplett
Honorary Committee
Alden E. Danner
Brian T. Dolan
James K. Eckmann
David H. Ellison
Michael R. Flicker
Fred B. Miller
Robert A. Nebrig
LeRoy J. Neider
Paul G. Neimann, Sr.