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Last week, we predicted that Adele would start 2012 with her 14th (non-consecutive) week at #1 on the Billboard 200 Albums Chart, and lo! the prediction came true. Now that the final numbers are in for 2011 (full singles and album sales lists after the jump), Adele's dominance has never been clearer. Selling 5.82 million copies of 21 during the calendar year 2011, Adele outsold second place holder Michael Bublé's Christmas by over 3 million copies, and marked the most sales of any album since 2004 when Usher's Confessions sold 7.98 million copies. "Rolling In The Deep" was also at the top of the singles sales list, with 5.81 million copies sold, the first single to ever exceed 5 million paid downloads in a year.
It will be interesting to see what 2012 holds for Adele, given that the singer/songwriter isn't planning to turn out another album any time soon, and has been quoted as saying she wants to "lay low" for a while, and only release a new album when it's perfect. Adele was the only artist in 2011 to have Top 10 sales for two singles ("Someone Like You" was #7), and was joined by Lady Gaga as the only other artist to have both a Top 10 sales ranking album and single. Given that Forbes named Lady Gaga the highest earning female artist in 2011, and that she's set to release another album in 2012 when Adele could quite possibly drop off the radar entirely, could 2012 be Mother Monster's year to shoot to number one? And if not, who will rise to the top of the pack in Adele's absence? Will they be able to come close to Adele's behemoth sales?
The 10 best selling albums of 2011
1. Adele – 21 (5.82 million)
2. Michael Buble – Christmas (2.45 million)
3. Lady Gaga – Born This Way (2.1 million)
4. Lil Wayne – Tha Carter IV (1.92 million)
5. Jason Aldean – My Kinda Party (1.58 million)
6. Mumford & Sons – Sigh No More (1.42 million)
7. Drake – Take Care (1.25 million)
8. Justin Bieber – Under The Mistletoe (1.25 million)
9. Jay-Z & Kanye West – Watch The Throne (1.23 million)
10. Lady Antebellum – Own The Night (1.2 million)
The 10 best selling singles of 2011
1. Adele – "Rolling In The Deep" (5.81 million)
2. LFMAO – "Party Rock Anthem" (5.47 million)
3. Katy Perry – "E.T." (4.83 million)
4. Maroon 5 feat. Christina Aguilera – "Moves Like Jagger" (4.11 million)
5. Pitbull – "Give Me Everything" (3.87 million)
6. Foster The People – "Pumped Up Kicks" (3.84 million)
7. Adele – "Someone Like You" (3.75 million)
8. Cee Lo Green – "Forget You" (3.72 million)
9. Nicki Minaj – "Super Bass" (3.61 million)
10. Lady Gaga – "Born This Way" (3.48 million)
Adele Tops Final 2011 Album, Single Sales Lists [Idolator]
[Photos: Getty Images]


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Barleycorn Antiques
This striking four-color lithograph was printed by the celebrated Atelier Mourlot in 1959. The work has been handsomely framed and matted.
Pablo Picasso is arguably the most discussed, exhibited, and influential artist of the 20th century. After founding the Cubist movement with fellow artist Georges Braque, Picasso continued to largely dominate the trajectory of modern art throughout his long career.

subset: commoncrawl


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Why People Prefer Blogs Over BooksNovember 28th, 2009
People prefer blogs over books. While there may be many different reasons for this preference, my guess is that the most important blog characteristic is that most blogs are short — probably less than 500 words.
Shorter is better.
First, let's examine books. According to an Associated Press Poll and The Washington Post, "One in four adults read no books at all in the past year. Of those who did read, older people (mostly women) were most avid, and religious works and popular fiction were the top choices."
Similar studies tell a story that the average American reads one book a year and only half bought a book last year. Books are in trouble. (Note to self: I may need to reconsider this book writing thing.)
Blogs are a different beast:
• 133,000,000 blogs have been indexed by Technorati since 2002
• 346,000,000 people read blogs daily (worldwide)
• 77% of active Internet users read blogs
• 81 languages are represented in the blogosphere
My theory is that shorter is better in our "Adult ADD culture" — time is just too precious to allocate it to any written material beyond 500 words. Blogs fit our pace.
Word quantity can be a significant weapon — ask any lawyer. If you want to confuse someone, just throw a lot of words at them. For instance, the current health care bill that just got through the House of Representatives was over 400,000 words long. My bet is that you did not read it and nor will you. If you did, you would only be confused anyway.
Yet, if you want to communicate, brevity is everything. For example, the Gettysburg Address was only 272 words. Most Americans have read it and many understand it (more or less). Lincoln would make a great blogger.
People prefer blogs because blogs are shorter. Long live blogs.
John Bradley Jackson
© Copyright 2009 All rights reserved.


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Alberona's Lynnwood has moved and is now Bella Alberona's
June 26th, 2012 Leave a comment Go to comments
Alberona's Pizza and Pasta located in Lynnwood has moved and changed its name to Bella Alberona.
Now located at 20829 Highway 99, Lynnwood, WA 98036, Bella Alberona has a more extensive menu than before.
Pizzas, Pasta & Subs
Here is their Pizza, Pasta & subs menu. Items on their regular menu include:
- Appetizers
- Pizzas
- Pastas
- Calzones
- Salads
- Sandwiches
Burgers & Mexican Dishes
But they have added gourmet burgers and Mexican dishes to their menu. You can get to their Mexican Menu from the link at the top of the menu page. Burger and Mexican items include:
- Gourmet Hamburgers and Cheeseburgers
- Tortas (Mexican sandwiches)
- Burritos
- Enchiladas
- Tacos
- Quesadillas
Delivery & Order Online
They deliver within 8 miles and $20 minimum order. More info at their delivery page.
To view their menu and order online, just click this button


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IRVING (May 3, 2012) -- Baylor freshman Hayley Davis and senior Chelsey Cothran were named to the 2012 All-Big 12 Women's Golf Team, the conference announced Thursday.
The 2012 All-Big 12 Team was identified by using the top-10 highest-ranked student-athletes according to the Golfweek/Sagarin rankings following the Big 12 Championship. The Player and Newcomer of the Year awards are automatically selected as the highest-ranked individuals from the Golfweek/Sagarin rankings following the Conference championship.
Baylor has multiple All-Big 12 selections for the first time since 2007 (Hannah Burke and Allison Martin). Davis and Cothran are the first Lady Bears to earn All-Big 12 honors since Burke in 2010.
Davis, a freshman from Wimborne, England, leads the Lady Bears with a 72.93 scoring average and 1.03 score vs. par. She has finished 11th or better in each of Baylor's 10 tournaments this season, while posting eight top-10 finishes. Davis earned Big 12 All-Tournament recognition after tying for second at the Big 12 Women's Golf Championship, finishing one stroke behind the individual winner.
Davis was named the Big 12 Women's Golfer of the Month for September after opening her career with back-to-back second-place finishes at the Ptarmigan Ram Fall Classic and the Branch Law Firm / Dick McGuire Invitational.
Cothran ranked second on the Baylor team in both scoring average (73.63) and score vs. par (1.73). She posted six top-10 and nine top-25 finishes as a senior. The Springdale, Ark., native also earned Big 12 All-Tournament recognition after finishing seventh at the Big 12 Women's Golf Championship. As a junior, she was the first golfer in program history to receive an NCAA Regional invitation as an individual (2011 NCAA West Regional).
The Lady Bears earned their 11th NCAA postseason bid in program history and will compete at the 2012 NCAA West Regional, which will be hosted May 10-12 at the Colorado National Golf Club in Erie, Colo.
Chelsey Cothran, Baylor
Hayley Davis, Baylor
Chirapat Jao-Javanil, Oklahoma
Jayde Panos, Oklahoma State
Kelsey Vines, Oklahoma State
Nicole Vandermade, Texas
Mary Michael Maggio, Texas A&M
Katerina Ruzickova, Texas A&M
Gabriella Dominguez, Texas Tech
Kimberly Kaufman, Texas Tech
Player of the Year: Kelsey Vines, Oklahoma State
Newcomer of the Year: Kelsey Vines, Oklahoma State
Coach of the Year: Veronique Drouin-Luttrell, Oklahoma


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If you are upgrading from a previous version, you must carry out the upgrade process. If you do not have a backup, the Gramps developers cannot be responsible for any data loss
Official support Only the source code on the Linux platform is officially released and supported as Gramps developers use and test the source code on that platform, fixing any problems that arise due to upgrades. The source release is intended for building from source by packagers and developers. This page describes the Linux packages, MS Windows installers and Mac OS X bundles that have been provided by 'community support' for download and installation by users.
The latest released version is Gramps 4.2.0. This version may not yet be available for installation on your platform.
|GUI pkg manager
|CLI pkg manager
|Current versions
|Linux Mint
sudo apt-get install gramps
|Nadia: Gramps 3.4.0-1
Lisa: Gramps 3.3.1-1
Isadora: Gramps 3.2.0-1
|Software Centre
sudo apt-get install gramps
|Quantal: Gramps 3.4.0-1
|available versions
|Add/Remove Software (Gnome) or
Software Management (KDE)
sudo yum install gramps
|Fedora Rawhide: Gramps 3.4.3
Fedora 18: Gramps 3.4.2.
|squeeze: Gramps 3.2.3
unstable Sid: Gramps 3.4.0
|available versions
|Software Management in the
Mandriva Linux Control Center
sudo urpmi gramps
|See also backports and contrib repository
sudo yum install gramps
|openSUSE 12.3: Gramps 3.4.2
|available versions
|Slackware 14.0: Gramps 3.4.2
|available versions
See list of Gramps package versions for various Linux distributions, but these are RMP or DEB packages.
Gnome and KDE You can use both, but Gramps fits in better with GNOME. For KDE there are some minor issues due to some (GTK) issues outside of Gramps. Check the KDE page to know what these problems might be. For GNOME, there are some issues due to some (ATK/GAIL) issues outside of Gramps. Check the Known issues to know what these problems might be. Also, you might look at XdgUtils.
MS WindowsAll In One Gramps includes all dependencies required for Windows. Download the executable and run it to install Gramps.
All In One Gramps includes all dependencies required for Windows. Download the executable and run it to install Gramps.
GrampsPortable_3.4.9.paf.exe (20.3 MB) Portable Gramps from PortableApps.com includes all dependencies required for Windows. Note:You can install it on C: then to run Gramps type C:\PortableApps\GrampsPortable\GrampsPortable.exe (Or the path you installed it to) or make a shortcut to that file on your desktop or start-menu. By Bart.S - Please report issues to the author. (2012-09-07)
Mac OS XMac OS X:Application package before you use the program.
Mac OS X:Application package before you use the program.
Live CD
Linux live CD Demonstration Obtaining the CD (727 MB) Linux Genealogy CD based on Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat). Allows you to trial a pre-installed Gramps 3.2.5, without touching anything on the hard drive. To start this boot the Computer with this Live Linux Desktop on a CD in the CD/DVD-ROM Drive. (Requires that you write this image to a CD-ROM using CD-Burner software eg:Nero, Imgburn..). If you are interested in Gramps, but are afraid to actually install it or unable to install it (not your PC, windows, no internet at home, work laptop, ...), then try out our Linux Genealogy CD. It runs without installing on the hard disk and contains a collection of open source, free, genealogy programs. You can then install Ubuntu 10.10 and Gramps from the CD anytime you like.
Bug reports
Unless otherwise stated above Report issues on the bug tracker.
If you already have a Family Tree in Gramps, and you are upgrading to a new version of Gramps, then you must make follow the process below to ensure that you do not run the risk of loosing data.
- Use your old version of Gramps to backup your Family Tree your Family Trees to GRAMPS XML (you find backup in the Family Tree menu of recent Gramps versions, otherwise use export in the same menu but uncheck privacy options in the Exporter Assistant in order to export all data).
- Uninstall your old version of Gramps
- Install the new version of Gramps by following the instructions above
- Open your existing Family tree.
Normally, opening just works, and will upgrade your data if needed. If successful, save the backup you took in a safe place
In case opening or upgrading your existing Family Tree failed, do the following:
- Create a new Family Tree
- Import your old Gramps XML data in this Family Tree


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Oxford, OH (SportsNetwork.com) - Willie Moore posted a game-high 17 points, leading four starters in double figures, as the RedHawks of Miami-Ohio defeated the Kent State Golden Flashes, 71-64, in the first round of the 35th annual Mid-American Conference Tournament at Millett Hall.
Quinten Rollins and Will Sullivan both pitched in with 13 points for eighth- seeded Miami (13-17), followed by Will Felder with 10 points and five steals.
The ninth-seeded Golden Flashes (16-16) were paced by Kris Brewer with 15 points, although he shot just 4-of-13 from the floor, including 1-of-5 behind the 3-point line. Reserves K.K. Simmons and Darren Goodson produced 10 points apiece in the setback.
A tight game throughout, neither team led by more than five in the first half, and while the RedHawks missed all four of their opportunities behind the 3- point line in the frame, they capitalized with 13-of-18 shooting at the free- throw line to move out to a 33-31 lead at the break.
The second half also saw Miami take advantage of 13 trips to the charity stripe, the team converting all but two chances, en route to the seven-point win.
In addition to suffering 17 turnovers and shooting only 6-of-17 beyond the arc, Kent State was also outscored 24-14 at the free-throw line.
With the win Miami-Ohio advances to the second round of the tourney on Wednesday evening and will face off against Ohio which defeated Ball State tonight, 76-64.
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Kevin Hart's Nerdiness Rescues Get Hard from Homophobia
By Amy Nicholson
By Stephanie Zacharek
By Stephanie Zacharek
By Alan Scherstuhl
By Calum Marsh
Men in Landslide in Force Majeure
By Calum Marsh
Witherspoon Hoboes Through Wild
By Stephanie Zacharek
Interview: Garfield's Jim Davis
By Amy Nicholson
Frank McGuinness' screenplay is adapted from a prizewinning drama by the eminent Irish playwright Brian Friel, who says he was inspired by the real-life stories of his own maiden aunts. It pivots on a homecoming that disturbs the Mundy sisters' fragile equilibrium. Their beloved brother Jack (Michael Gambon), a priest, returns from a quarter-century of missionary work in Uganda, and at first he appears to be a broken old man. Jack babbles on about the spirits inside yams, as well as ritual sacrifices (which does not endear him to the local parish priest), and in one of his funks he dreamily beats a pair of sticks against a water bucket. The real story, of course, is that although Father Mundy may have lost his mind going native in Africa, he also liberated himself from the past in a way his sisters cannot imagine. Their idea of a big time in repressed Catholic Ireland is walking three miles to the dry-goods store in Ballybeg to buy a sack of flour.
The Mundy farm is also revisited by little Michael's father, a charming bounder named Gerry Evans (Rhys Ifans) whocontinued on next pagecontinued from previous pagedrops by on his way to the Spanish Civil War. Gerry, too, is a free spirit of the sort women are not allowed to be: He feels no obligation to his son, or to Christina, except in the moment. But he also lights the fuse of possibility in the joyless sisters. So does Dancing at Lughnasa's symbolic event -- an annual back-hills dance celebrating the harvest deity Lugh, the pagan god of music and light.
If we haven't already grasped the irony of the Mundy sisters' plight, here it is, writ large: Once a year, most of the townsfolk can break loose from the harsh proscriptions of Mother Church and wallow in the old Celtic sensuality, leaping through bonfires, swilling on the poteen jug and dancing with abandon. But not even this release is allowed the Mundy women: In the film's big liberating set piece, they spontaneously create their own unbridled Lughnasa back at the farm, linking arms as sisterly spirits and dancing a wild jig as a glory of fiddle, flute and drum pours out of their new radio set. In the heat of this outburst, old resentments, abrasions and strictures are forgotten: For one transcendent moment they are free women who have overcome their tragic fate.
For some viewers this minor miracle may seem like a scant reward for women so long imprisoned by their own culture. It is scant. But Dancing at Lughnasa creates a vivid portrait of a time and place and a condition of life that takes hold of the emotions in a way most movies don't. As the imperious Kate, Streep puts in another beautifully nuanced performance, but in no way does she outrank the other members of the ensemble: You can feel the emotions of each Mundy sister on the surface of your skin -- the yearning, the disappointment, the bravery wrung from deprivation. It's almost enough to rekindle a belief in the nobility of outcasts.
Opens Dec. 25 at the Plaza Frontenac.
-- Bill Gallo
Directed by Ron Underwood
Nowadays Disney movies need two reviews each. The first one would have to describe the transparently sentimental yet always moving story and the latest astonishing advance in animation or special effects that it features: In the new Disney remake of Mighty Joe Young, that story concerns the touching relationship between Jill Young (Charlize Theron) and the 15-foot, 2,000-pound gorilla (no kidding; they use that phrase) she has cared for in the mountains of central Africa. When poachers encroach on Joe's habitat, Jill follows the advice of zoologist Gregg O'Hara (Bill Paxton -- who else?) and moves him to a California animal preserve.
Eventually -- though for perfectly understandable gorilla reasons -- Joe runs amok in the streets of LA, a la The Lost World's T. rex. If the endangered-species subtext of this version robs it of some of the B-movie glee of the original (the scene in which Joe destroys the nightclub in which he's been forced to perform remains one of the great barroom brawls in cinema), the effects and the rich color in which they are rendered make this Mighty Joe Young visually compelling. Even kids who have been brought up on a steady diet of digitized dinosaurs will be amazed by the nimble, natural Joe, who also has as much emotional range as any of the humans in the film -- a fact that should make him less scary but no less impressive to younger children. Special-effects wizard Rick Baker is a worthy heir to stop-motion pioneer Ray Harryhausen, who animated the original Joe in 1949 (and has a cameo appearance in the new film).
The second review would consider any new Disney film as a cultural artifact, acknowledging the influential position of Disney/Cap Cities in the world of infotainment. In the case of Mighty Joe Young, this review might note the irony of Disney's releasing a film about transporting wild animals to sanctuaries in the U.S., given the negative publicity surrounding the opening of Disney's own wild-animal park earlier this year; in that context, the demonization of poachers in this version -- absent in the original but of course only natural in this day and age -- takes on additional significance. Or one could lament the way in which Joe's heroic actions at the end of the story are made much more spectacular in this version and then much more sentimental -- that is, how the ending of the original has been fully Disneyfied. Or -- and this is what I'd do -- one could observe that in the grand tradition of Bambi, Dumbo and The Lion King, Disney has once again released (on Christmas, no less) a film in which the main character is orphaned in the first 20 minutes. In fact, given that this is a remake and therefore must outdo its original, two of the main characters -- Joe and Jill -- are orphaned in the same scene. And we parents, happily oblivious to the little displaced oedipal psychodrama Disney keeps reproducing for our children, keep on driving them to the mall or multiplex for another formula feeding.
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This 4-bedroom, 3-bathroom home in Lumberton is listed at $393,000. Located at 5840 Lexington Circle in the Stonegate edition, the house has 3,708 square feet of room, which includes a three-car garage, fireplace, high ceilings, pool and a master bedroom with his/her sinks and a jetted bathtub. For more information, contact Kellie Olson with Keller Williams at (409) 781-6218.
| Still can't find it? see Site Index


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Home Future StudentsCurrent StudentsFaculty & StaffPatientsAlumni
A-Z Index | School of Medicine Quick Links
Find a Health Care Provider | Contact Us | Maps and Parking
In addition to the services provided by Student Affairs, the departments of Family Medicine and Internal Medicine provide students numerous avenues for advising and mentorship.
© The Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate. All rights reserved.
All trademarks are registered property of the University. Used by permission only.


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Please note that the journal now encourages authors to complete their copyright license to publish forms online!
Lea estas instrucciones para autores en español.
The Journals of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences are published monthly by The Gerontological Society of America. The Society was founded in 1945 to promote the scientific study of aging, to encourage exchanges among researchers and practitioners from the various disciplines related to gerontology, and to foster the use of gerontological research in forming public policy. The Society's 6,000 members include leading gerontological researchers, educators, and practitioners in biological, medical, behavioral, and social sciences and the humanities.
On this page:Preparation of Manuscripts
Licences, Offprints and Submissions
Permissions for Illustrations and Figures
Supplementary Material
Language Editing
Advance Access
Open Access Option for Authors
Authors Self-Archiving/Public Access Policy
Correspondence (Editorial)
Manuscripts must be submitted online. Once you have prepared your manuscript according to the instructions below, please visit the online submission Web site. Instructions on submitting your manuscript online can be viewed here.
Manuscripts should be prepared carefully according to the American Medical Association (AMA) Manual of Style. 9th Ed. (1998). This manual is available at many academic and technical bookstores: some aspects are summarized below.
Submission of a manuscript to the journal implies that it has not been published or is not under consideration elsewhere. If accepted for this journal, it is not to be published elsewhere without permission. As a further condition of publication, the corresponding author will be responsible, where appropriate, for certifying that permission has been received to use copyrighted instruments or software employed in the research and that human or animal subjects approval has been obtained. In the case of co-authored manuscripts, the corresponding author will also be responsible for submitting a letter, signed by all authors, indicating that they actively participated in the collaborative work leading to the publication and agree to be listed as an author on the paper. These assurances will be requested at the time a paper has been formally accepted for publication.
Manuscript Preparation for Articles Describing Original Research
Preparing the manuscript. Submission of manuscript text files in Microsoft Word is essential. Failure to comply with this aspect of submission will result in your manuscript being returned to you and thus delay handling of the manuscript. Failure to comply with the formatting requirements described below will result in your manuscript being returned without review.
a. Title page. A title page should be a completely separate page that includes the following:
(1) Title of the manuscript,
(2) All authors' full name(s), and affiliations,
(3) Corresponding authors must provide complete mailing address information, including: name, e-mail address, telephone, and fax numbers,
(4) A short running page headline not to exceed 40 letters and spaces should be placed at the foot of the title page.
Abstract. An abstract of not more than 200 words should be typed, double spaced and ON A SEPARATE PAGE. It should state the purpose of the study, basic procedures (study participants or experimental animals and observational and analytical methods), main findings and conclusions.
Text. The text of observational, experimental and research practice articles is usually (but not necessarily) divided into sections with the headings: Introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion. Articles may need subheadings within some sections to clarify their content. The Discussion should not merely restate the results but should interpret the results.
(1) The word counts for the different kinds of publications considered by the Journal are presented above and are inclusive of the title page, abstract, text, references, tables, and captions.
(2) To manage the word and page counts, authors are encouraged to submit detailed methodology, tables and/or figures as supplemental files. If your manuscript is accepted, these files are available to readers on line but do not count against the word count limits.
(3) If manuscripts greatly exceed these word/page count limits, your manuscript may be returned to you for correction BEFORE the peer review process can begin. If you would like to appeal the word count limit, it must be done prior to submission and permission must be granted by the Editor in Chief. When submitting, please indicate in your cover letter that permission has been granted and when.
Abbreviations: Ensure that the use of abbreviations is clear and that each one is defined in the text at its first mention only.
Text references. Number references in the text in the order in which they appear. Use arabic numbers in parentheses, not superscripts.
Reference list.
1) Your reference list should be double spaced and references should be listed numerically in the order in which they were first cited in the text.
(2) Although there are no limits to the number of references you can cite, the references, figures, tables and captions cannot exceed 10 pages.
(3) The reference style should conform to that given in the AMA Manual of Style. For periodicals, utilize the title observation as given in Index Medicus and list all authors when six or fewer; when seven or more, list only the first three and add et al. Examples are shown below.
Journal article
Milunsky A. Prenatal detection of neural tube defects, VI: experience with 20,000 pregnancies. JAMA. 1980;244:2731–2735.
Books and other monographs
Stryer L. Biochemistry. 2nd ed. San Francisco, Calif: WH Freeman Co; 1981;559–596.
Part of a book
Kavet J. Trends in the utilization of influenza vaccine: an examination of the implementation of public policy in the United States. In: Selby P, ed. Influenza: Virus, Vaccines, and Strategy. Orlando, Fa: Academic Press, 1976:297-308. Notations of "unpublished work" or "personal communications" will not be accepted without documentation.
Acknowledgments, preliminary reports or abstract presentation, and current location of authors, if different from the title page, may be indicated. Acknowledgements and details of support must be included at the end of the text before references and not in footnotes (see below under Funding). Personal acknowledgements should precede those of institutions or agencies. Give name and mailing/e-mail addresses of author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Please note that acknowledgement of funding agencies should be given in the separate Funding section.
Types of Manuscripts: The Journal of Gerontology Biological Sciences will accept the following kinds of manuscripts
Original Research: Original research reports present new research data that support or refute important hypotheses relevant to the biological study gerontology. Manuscript presentation should follow the guidelines described below in "Manuscript Preparation for Articles Describing Original Research." The maximum allowable word count including the title page, abstract, and text, is 5500 words. References, tables, figures, and captions cannot exceed an additional 10 pages.
Research Practice: Research practice manuscripts describe the development, validation or implementation of new research tools, techniques or approaches that may have a substantial impact on the future conduct of research in the study of the biological aspects of gerontology. Manuscript presentation should follow the guidelines described below in "Manuscript Preparation for Articles Describing Original Research." The maximum allowable word count including the title page, abstract, and text is 2800 words. References, tables, figures, and captions cannot exceed an additional 7 pages.
Brief Report: Brief Reports are a brief examination of a topic that serves to introduce readers to some initial findings. It is not meant to be comprehensive. The maximum allowable word count including the title page, abstract, text, is 2500 words. References, tables, figures, and captions cannot exceed an additional 7 pages.
Reviews in Depth: Reviews in Depth are generally invited by the editor and are intended to be comprehensive in nature but are limited to 6000 words, with an additional 10 pages for references, tables, figures and captions. If you would like to submit a review, authors must contact the Editor in Chief prior to submission. If the Editor agrees that a review in a particular topic would be of interest, upon submission, please reference in your cover letter that this review has been approved by the Editor. When preparing a Review, authors will address topics on which considerable literature is available and will synthesize the state of knowledge in a particular area, presenting both positive and negative aspects of the subject, and identifying key unanswered questions or important research directions Meta-analyses are not Reviews in Depth and should be prepared according to the guidelines for Original Research.
Letters to the Editor: Letters must be, double spaced in a word document and be approximately 500 to 750 words. If appropriate, a copy will be sent to the author of the original article to provide an opportunity for rebuttal. Letters and rebuttals will be reviewed and are subject to editing. Usually both letter and rebuttal will be published in the same issue.
Comments on recently published articles of relevance to the the Journal's readership may be submitted in the format of Letters to the Editor but will be published under the heading ''Commentaries on Recent Publications.''
Guest Editorials: Guest editorials may be invited but unsolicited editorials may also be submitted. These should not exceed one printed page. Manuscript preparation should follow the guidelines as described above in "Manuscript Preparation for Articles Describing Original Research." The decision to publish will be exclusively the Editor's.
(1) Each table should be typed, double spaced, on a separate sheet AND in WORD.
(2) Tables can either be separate files or at the end of the manuscript, after the references. Do not embed your tables within your manuscript. If you embed your tables, your manuscript will be returned to you for correction before it enters peer review.
(3) Number the tables consecutively using Arabic numbers and supply a brief title at the top for each.
(4) Titles should describe the content of the table, the population to which the table refers and other pertinent information so that the table is interpretable to by the reader with minimal reference to the text.
(6) Legends and footnotes for the table are typed immediately below the table and should follow the sequence cited in the AMA Manual of Style: *, _, _, §, ||, {, #, **, __, etc.
(7) Units in which results are expressed should be given in parentheses at the top of each column and not repeated in each line of the table. Ditto signs should not be used. Avoid overcrowding the tables and the excessive use of words. Avoid abbreviations within the Table itself. If used, however, each abbreviation must be explained in the table's footnote. The format of tables should be in keeping with that normally used by the journal; in particular, vertical lines should not be drawn. Please be certain that the data given in tables are correct.
(8) Entries should be aligned across the first or top line of the table for horizontal alignment.
(9) For vertical alignment, columns of data should be aligned on common elements such as decimal points, plus/minus signs, or hyphens. If table entries consist of lengthy text, the flush-left format should be used with an indent for run over lines.
(10) If columns contain mixed data, please align on the decimal point.
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Italian Cooking and Culinary Schools
Italian food is some of the most popular in the world so during your trip to Italy, why not give yourself the ultimate souvenir. By participating in one of the many cooking schools throughout Italy (some located in beautiful countryside villas), you can learn the secrets of authentic Italian cuisine while having fun with people that share your passion for food. No matter what level of cooking skill there is a school for you, from informal country cooking classes to culinary academies. Many of these schools are involved in the increasingly popular Slow Foods movement, which supports locally raised and prepared foods using traditional methods as opposed to mass produced food products. Of course, the best part of this experience is that you get to eat everything you make. Here are just a few of the most popular Italian Culinary Schools found on the Internet.
Cooking Schools
These are more designed for tourists and short-term visitors to Italy. The classes last from one day to a few weeks and have a fun and casual atmosphere. These schools, some of them held in countryside villas are enjoyable for any level of cook, from amateur to professional.
Culture Discovery Vacations:
Culture Discovery Vacations: A unique tour company that specializes in Cooking and Culinary Vacations through Tuscany and Umbria, based in the northern Tiber Valley, near the border region of Alto Lazio, Tuscany and Umbria. They offer 4, 5 and 8 day cooking holidays that are all about fun, laughter and a sense of family, while doing everything to make each guest truly feel like they are a part of the Italian culture. Each all-inclusive vacation is limited to very small groups, and combines cooking classes that are held in an 18th century country villa with amazing sightseeing, private winery visits, olive mills, and more. Culture Discovery's Cooking Vacation Itineraries and dates can be seen here.
Cooking Vacations
Cooking Vacations is a professional tour operator specializing in culinary vacations to Italy. They offer one-of-a-kind personalized vacations featuring hands-on cooking classes in authentic working kitchens taught by well-trained Chefs and local expert cooks, pizzaiolo~pizza makers, and pastry chefs. Cooking vacations claims "We bring you all that Italy has to offer along with the passion we share for food, wine, music & culture".http://www.cooking-vacations.com/
Organic Tuscany
Organic Tuscany is the only Italian Cooking School that offers week-long "farm to table" organic cooking courses. The program includes visits to local organic farms, cooking classes using organic ingredients, olive oil and wine tastings as well as tours of Siena, Florence and San Gimignano. For more information, call +1 347 417 5907 or visit: http://www.organictuscany.org/
Culinary Institutes
These are run more like an Academy and are more for professional or aspiring cooks and usually not for beginners. The courses at these institutes are much more intensive than those designed for tourists and can last up to a full semester. Italian culinary institutes are for those who would like to master every aspect of Italian cuisine from regional and national specialties to pastries and desserts. Some of these institutes now offer shorter classes for all levels of cooks.
Apicius - Culinary Institute of Florence
The Culinary Institute of Florence, located in the heart of the city, is targeted to culinary students just starting out, but does offer a Master in Italian Cuisine program for experienced chefs. Offering both yearlong and summer programs, Apicius offers programs in wine expertise, hospitality, Italian language and culture besides their culinary classes.
Website: www.apicius.it
The Higher Institute of Gastronomy and School of Regional Cooking The Institute offers courses designed for both non-professionals and chefs. Located in the town of Jesi in Le Marche the Institute adheres to the Slow Food guidelines and offers a Master of Italian Cooking program for chefs working outside of Italy to become experts in Italian cooking or to specialize in a specific Italian region. Shorter certificate programs are also offered as well as visits to traditional cheese and balsamic vinegar making facilities.
Fontana del Papa
Set among green, rolling hills dotted with ancient olive trees Fontana del Papa is an excellent introduction to Italy. Lovingly restored by your hosts Claudio and Assuntina, its architectural details, history and atmosphere are intact. A spring that originally supplied water for the Pope is now also the site of the swimming pool. They offer cooking & Wine classes and special cookery for kids. Fontana del Papa Cooking & wine courses
By Justin Demetri


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Carcanet Press, Limited, 1986 - Poetry - 132 pages
Poems explore popular culture and examine the experiences and emotions of everyday life in the modern world
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New York University's Graduate Film Program, offered in both New York and Singapore, is an intensive three-year conservatory which trains students in the art of cinematic storytelling. We focus on helping writer/directors develop a narrative voice and the technical virtuosity to express that voice in cinema. Our students learn by doing -- writing scripts, directing and producing films and exercises, shooting and crewing on each other's projects. Every student has an opportunity to make a minimum of five movies while at NYU. The program confers a Masters of Fine Arts degree.
The Graduate Film Program encompasses both fiction and documentary filmmaking. Each semester, courses in screenwriting, directing, aesthetics, acting, cinematography, editing, producing, and sound design compliment specific filmmaking projects that provide hands-on training. Our students are well-prepared to transition into the professional world with a range of technical skills which often lead to employment in the industry, a reel of short films which can serve as calling cards, and a feature film script.
The Graduate Film Program offers a stimulating and challenging creative community. Our faculty are working professionals in the industry who are committed to developing the next generation of filmmakers. Recent guest lecturers have included David Mamet, Ang Lee, Anthony Minghella, Melvin Van Peebles, Jodie Foster and John Sayles. The student body is a diverse group from all over the world with a range of creative experience including filmmaking, theater, and photography. Admission to NYU's Graduate Film Program is highly selective, enrolling only 36 new students per year.


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White Plains attractions are listed below. Find things to do in or near White Plains, NY for your upcoming individual or group travel for White Plains visitors. We also offer the great discounts on White Plains New York hotel and motel rooms.
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'Good Samaritan' ended up robbing victim of gang attack
Posted: June 15, 2012|
A "GOOD Samaritan" pretending to help the victim of a gang attack in Tamworth turned into a mugger who robbed the injured man.
The victim was beaten up by a group of five men outside a the petrol station in Glascote Road after being chased along the street.
Mr Pat Sullivan, prosecuting, told Stafford Crown Court: "When he got up, Stephen Knibbs approached and acted like a Good Samaritan and walked him along the road.
"Then Knibbs's mood changed, asking him for money and telling him to empty his pockets."
The defendant implied he had a knife and told the man "don't you believe me – I'll cut you". [The man] struggled free and sought safety in the garage."
Police arrested Knibbs, who had been drinking, close to the garage.
Only minutes earlier, 19-year-old Knibbs had been involved in a robbery attack on another man in Glascote Road.
That victim was on his way home from work when he was confronted by a gang.
He tried to flag down a passing car for help, but he was punched, pushed to the ground and kicked.
As he lay on the ground one of the group grabbed a rucksack from the victim's back. He attempted to fight back, lashing out and pushing off the attackers.
Knibbs, from Lomita Crescent, who admitted one charge of robbery and asked for another [on the first victim] to be considered, was sent to youth custody for a total of 32 months. Judge Simon Tonking told him: "You took advantage of a vulnerable victim because you knew he had just been beaten up.
"You had seen that and you were apparently helping him, but then you turned from being helpful to taking advantage of the situation, threatening him, pretending you had a knife and it that way letting you search his pockets and stealing from him some loose change."
Mr Mark Moore, defending, said: "My client is an intelligent man – he has taken A levels – what is evident that when life takes a turn for the worse, regrettably he gives up on many things.
"His behaviour was triggered by the ending of a relationship and a sudden increase in the consumption of alcohol."


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Texas on the Potomac
Washington news with a Texas accent
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Analysis: Romney's attack on Obama over Libya assassination could backfire
"A more nuanced response by Romney would have done him better," said Richard Stoll, a political science professor at Rice University who specializes in international conflict. "I don't think he's done anything disastrous, but if he's trying to convince people that he's a better candidate on foreign policy, he certainly hasn't shown that." [Read More]
Conservative leader: Romney campaign 'poorly managed,' message 'incoherent'
The amateurish way the Tampa convention was organized was revealing. Consider they spent $2.5 million of critically important campaign funds building the Frank Gehry-inspired wood stage. One billionaire supporter of Romney jokingly told me that the odd stage and the wood-slat designed podium looked odd, like "a Swedish sauna." [Read More]


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Photoshop is the world's most powerful image editor, and it's arguably the most complex, as well. Fortunately, nobody knows the program like award-winning book and video author Deke McClelland. Join Deke as he explores such indispensable Photoshop features as resolution, cropping, color correction, retouching, and layers. Gain expertise with real-world projects that make sense. Exercise files accompany the course.
Download Deke's free dekeKeys and color settings from the Exercise Files tab.
In this exercise, we're going to use the Dodge tool to lighten some of the darkest details inside of this rather dark portrait shot in the first place. So I'm going to drop down here to the Dodge tool and click on it in order to make it active. It's the tool that looks like a little paddle or lollipop. And notice if you start painting in the image, you will brighten that portion of the image. So here I am painting underneath the eye. Now that's a lot of lightning for my taste. In other words, we're brightening the photograph more than I think we should in a single brushstroke and that it has to do with some settings that are available to you up here in the Options Bar.
So I want to give you a sense of what's going on. First of all you can brighten one of three Ranges that is the Midtones which are those middle colors that we've discussed a couple of chapters ago, the Shadows which are darkest colors in the image, and the Highlights which are the lightest colors. Now it's very unlikely you're going to want to brighten the Highlights inside of the image using the Dodge tool. That would indicate that your entire image is too dark and you need to enhance it using Brightness/Contrast or Levels and Curves as we'll learn in the future chapter. Although, I will say dodging highlights is useful for masking which is something we'll learn later as well.
More likely you're going to want to stick with Midtones that are the default setting or dig into those Shadows, but when you're brightening Shadows, you really need to be careful and take it easy. Anyway, I'm going to leave that set to Midtones for now because I want you to know that there is a keyboard shortcut for these guys and that's Shift+Alt on the PC or Shift+Option on the Mac along with the first letter in Shadows, Midtones or Highlights, so Shift+Alt+M for Midtones for example, Shift+Alt+S for Shadows. But hey! That just didn't work.
The reason that didn't work here in the PC is for a couple of reasons. First of all, we've got the Alt keys, so I'd like to bring up the menu, so you have to watch that, but even more to the point, we've got this option right here that's highlighted. So notice that all the menus have these little underscores that are showing you that if you press a key you're going to bring up a menu. Then we've got this sticky option up here next to the word Range. This is specifically Windows issue, it does not occur on the Mac. If you run into this and your keyboard shortcuts deliver completely unexpected results or refuse to work, it's because something is stuck and what you need to do is press the Esc key and if that's not enough, you may have to press the Esc key more than once.
So I had to press the Esc key once to unstick the word Midtones, and a second time to unstick the menu so the underscores went away. Now I'll press Shift+Alt+S or Shift+ Option+S on the Mac to switch to Shadows, Shift+Alt+H or Shift+Option+H on the Mac to switch to Highlights and Shift+Alt+M or Shift+Option+M on the Mac to switch to Midtones. Next, you have this Exposure option and notice if I really crank it up to 100% then I'm going to do a lot of brightening very quickly. You can see as I'm doing it what I was talking about with the Dodge tool adding saturation as a rule of thumb, particularly when you're working on Midtones, but not only that, we've gone way too far in a single brushstroke.
So it's really easy to be impatient with the Dodge and Burn tools and try to get too much work done too quickly, but if you go that route, you're less likely to get credible modifications. So I suggest that you work slowly and patiently. Anyway I'm going to undo that brushstroke by pressing Ctrl+Z or Command+Z on the Mac. I want to show you that you can change that Exposure value on-the-fly from the keyboard by pressing a number key. So for example, 1 gets you 10%, 2 gets you 20% and 3, 30%, all the way up to zero for 100%, and if you want to dial in a specific value, you can press two keys, like 78 gets me 78%.
Anyway, I'm going to press 3 for 30% and paint around the eyes here in order to try to lighten up a few details and I just painted five brushstrokes by the way and one went all the way around the eye, but the other guys were very short little brushstrokes inside some of these crevices here. Now I'm going to paint a few short brushstrokes around these areas as well. Possibly increase the size of the brush by pressing right bracket key a couple of times so then painting under the nose. I'll decrease the size of the brush by pressing the left bracket key and paint over the mouse and so on.
Now another thing that I want you to notice about this tool, I'll right click with it in order to bring up this popup panel. Notice that the Hardness is set to 0% by default. That's where you want to leave it. It's rare that you want to work with any Hardness value other than 0% and that may sound like strange advice. If I press the Esc key to hide that panel for a moment, I'll increase the size of my brush fairly dramatically and press the 5 key to change the Exposure value to 50% and paint over that ear and into the jaw and notice that I've painted a halo into the background at which point you might say well, there's an example of a situation where it would have been a better idea to paint with a hard brush instead of a soft brush so you can stay inside of that ear.
Had I done that, however, I'll go ahead and right click to bring up this panel and change the Hardness to 100% and now I'll show you what it looks like if you paint with a hard brush. It looks terrible. You can see the edges of your brushstroke even if you're lowering the Exposure value to 10%, it's very easy to see those edges. So I recommend you avoid that. So what is the solution where this halo is concerned? Well, first thing I'm going to do is right- click and reduce that hardness back to 0%. Press the Enter key a couple of times to hide that panel. Return on the Mac.
What you do is you erase. You go back here to your History Brush which you get by pressing the Y key incidentally for the last letter in history and then if you bring up the History panel, you'll note that flipped original is set to my source state for my history painting. So I'm in good shape. I'm ready to paint. Then I would reduce the size of this brush, there is also a soft brush by default, and you can change that if you want to but I'm going to keep it soft, reduce the size of the brush and then paint over the area that you want to restore like so.
So that tends to be the better way to go. Just keep that History Brush handy so that you can always revert your modifications on-the-fly. All right, let's go back to the Dodge tool, there might be other things that we want to do with it. In fact at this point, I think I'm going to switch over to Shadows by pressing Shift+Alt+S or Shift+Option+S on the Mac and I'm definitely going to take that Exposure value down. Notice that it's at 50% right now, I'm going to change it to 20% by pressing the 2 key, reduce the size of my brush and paint up here on the side of the forehead. Now notice that I'm reducing the saturation in this area.
So you just have to be prepared to go both directions. We'll come back with the Sponge tool in order to restore or quell the saturation inside this image. Also bear in mind that I've got all this yellowness going on, so I'm going to have to fix that too. I'll paint here in these little jowl areas, not to get rid of them but just to basically draw some attention away from them and then I'm going to increase the size of the brush and paint underneath my chin just a little bit, I might add couple of brushstrokes to the jaw lines.
I could come back into the ear. I actually think that's fine, but I am going to paint under the eyes and more inside of some of these dark areas like so and then I'm going to paint over the eyes in order to brighten them a little and I am going too far. I should acknowledge that that I'm starting to look a little crazed at this point from all of the dodging that I'm doing, but I tend to work that way. I tend to push it a little bit too far and then draw things back using either the History Brush or some combination of other controls as we'll see.
This is good for now, good as things get insofar as a portrait of me as concerned. I'll go ahead and press the F12 key in order to revert the image. So we can see this is what it originally looked like. This is how it looks now when I press Ctrl+Z or Command+Z, thanks to the lightning power of the Dodge tool here inside Photoshop.
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The present invention relates to methods and arrangements for interference reduction for bursty or intermitted transmissions. DPCCH gating with regular on/off-gating patterns can create waveforms that can interfere with non-UMTS audio equipments, e.g. hearing aids. The present invention relates to modifying the transmission instants of data packets in such a way such interference can be significantly reduced. This is achieved by introducing a randomization mechanism into the mapping function of data packets onto the HARQ processes, which in turn are mapped onto predefined transmission occasions (sub-frames). This results in a non-periodic transmission pattern while maintaining user data transmission requirements.
1. A method in a transmitter unit of a user equipment, said transmitter unit equipped for transmitting data packets by a gated transmission scheme, the method comprising:
mapping said data packets onto available Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)-process numbers and randomizing time instances for transmitting said data packets such as to avoid a fixed periodicity, where the randomizing is achieved by a randomized selection of the HARQ-process numbers for transmitting the data packets; and
transmitting said data packets at the time instances indicated by the mapped HARQ-process numbers.
2. The method according to
where a pseudo-random HARQ process is selected within a randomization span by adding a pseudo-random offset to a next available HARQ process.
3. The method according to
4. The method according to
5. The method according to
6. The method according to
7. The method according to
8. A transmitter unit in a user equipment, said transmitter unit equipped for transmitting data packets by a gated transmission scheme, the transmitter unit comprising:
means for mapping said data packets onto available Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)-process numbers;
a randomizer for randomizing time instances for transmitting said data packets such as to avoid a fixed periodicity, wherein the randomizer performs a randomized selection of the HARQ-process numbers for transmitting the data packets; and
a transmitting means for transmitting said data packets at the time instances indicated by the mapped HARQ-process numbers.
9. The transmitter unit according to
10. The transmitter unit according to
11. The transmitter unit according to
12. The transmitter unit according to
13. The transmitter unit according to
The present invention relates to methods and arrangements in cellular mobile communication systems, in particular to methods and arrangements for interference reduction for bursty or intermitted transmissions.
Packet-oriented features like High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and Enhanced Uplink (E-DCH) in Universal Mobile Telecommunication Network Systems (UMTS) with radio access networks applying code-division multiple access schemes will promote the subscribers, desire for continuous connectivity, which implies that users stay connected over a long time period, however, with only occasional active periods of data transmission, and avoiding frequent connection terminations and re-establishments with the inherent overhead and delays. This is the perceived mode that a subscriber is used to in fixed broadband networks (like, e.g., DSL) and a precondition to attract users from such fixed broadband networks.
In order to support a high number of HSDPA-users in the code limited downlink, a fractional downlink physical channel (F-DPCH) has been introduced Release 6 of the specifications for UMTS issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). On the other hand, for the uplink, it has been observed that the limiting factor for supporting a similarly high number of E-DCH users is the noise rise. If it can be assumed that many users during at least certain time periods are not transmitting any user data (e.g. when reading during a web browsing session or in between packets for periodic packet transmissions such as VoIP), the corresponding overhead in the noise rise caused by maintained control channels will significantly limit the number of users that can be efficiently supported.
As a complete release of dedicated channels during periods of traffic inactivity would cause considerable delays for re-establishing data transmission and a corresponding bad user perception, the impact of control channels on uplink noise rise is to be reduced while maintaining the connections and allowing a much faster reactivation for temporarily inactive users. This is considered to contribute to a significant increase of the number of packet data users (i.e. HS-DSCH/E-DCH users without UL DPDCH) in the UMTS FDD system that can stay in the CELL_DCH state over a long time period without degrading cell throughput and that can restart transmission after a period of inactivity with a much shorter delay (<50 ms) than would be necessary for re-establishment of a new connection.
In the uplink direction, several channels from each user equipment will be transmitted with the introduction of the enhanced uplink as illustrated in
Similarly to the uplink in earlier releases of the WCDMA standard, the enhanced uplink uses inner and outer loop power control (OLPC). The power control mechanism ensures that a user equipment does not transmit with higher power than required for successful delivery of the transmitted data (possibly using multiple transmission attempts). This ensures stable system operation and efficient radio resource utilization. Further, uplink DPCCH gating described in 3GPP TR 25.903, "Continuous Connectivity for Packet Data Users", is considered to be an enhancement of E-DCH and HSDPA and a further means to reduce the uplink noise rise while serving greater numbers of users. The basic principle with UL DPCCH gating is that the user equipment automatically stops the continuous DPCCH transmission if there is neither E-DCH nor HS-DPCCH transmission and applies a known DPCCH activity (DPCCH on/off) pattern. When an E-DCH or HS-DPCCH transmission takes place also the DPCCH is transmitted regardless of the activity pattern. Examples for DPCCH gating patterns are shown in
It has been observed to be a fundamental problem with the DPCCH gating approach as described, e.g., in the document 3GPP TR25.903, "Continuous Connectivity for Packet Data Users" that regular on/off-gating patterns create waveforms that can interfere with non-UMTS audio equipments. This becomes especially problematic when the UMTS transmitter device that is using the on/off-gating pattern is close to the non-UMTS audio receiver, which will then cause a disturbing signal in the non-UMTS audio receiver. More generally, such interference may occur whenever a transmission power changes regularly (even if the power is not completely switched off in the "off"-periods).
It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a solution for modifying the transmission instants of data packets in such a way that interference with external (e.g. non-UMTS) devices is significantly reduced.
This is achieved by introducing a randomization mechanism into the mapping function of data packets onto the HARQ processes, which in turn are mapped onto predefined transmission occasions (sub-frames). This results in a non-periodic transmission pattern while maintaining user data transmission requirements (e.g. in case of voice data, to deliver one voice data packet every 20 ms) without causing noticeable interference in external audio devices.
It is thus the advantage of the present invention that interference between a UMTS transmitter device that is using an on/off-gating pattern and a closely located non-UMTS audio receiver unit can be avoided.
A fundamental problem with the DPCCH gating approach described in the document 3GPP TR25.903, "Continuous Connectivity for Packet Data Users" is the fact that with a regular on/off gating pattern a waveform is created that interferes with non-UMTS audio equipment. This becomes especially problematic when the UMTS transmitter using an on/off-gating pattern is close to this non-UMTS audio receiver, as is the case for users wearing hearing aides. Such users will experience a disturbing signal in the hearing aid apparatus that stems from the gated UMTS waveform. As the frequency of the disturbing signal is typically in the order of 10's or 100's of Hertz, the user will notice this interference. To generalize the problem, interference may occur whenever the transmit power changes regularly (even if the power is not completely switched off in the 'off' periods). Examples include
The basic concept of the present invention is to provide a break-up of the periodicity of the transmitted waveform while maintaining the requirements of transmission of data packets in terms of allowable delays and packet loss. This leads to a significant reduction in noticeable interference with external non-UMTS devices that are in the vicinity of a UMTS transmitting device, such as a hearing aid. The interference reduction is achieved by introducing a randomization mechanism into the mapping function of data packets onto HARQ processes, which in turn are mapped onto predefined transmission occasions (sub-frames). According to one embodiment of the present invention, which will be described in
The present invention comprises two main strategies of avoiding the periodicity of transmissions in order to eliminate most of the interfering peaks towards external audio devices. These main alternative solutions are further described hereafter. Also, a combination of the two proposed embodiments is possible. In addition, CQI transmission occasions are randomized as well. A preferred embodiment concerns 3GPP E-DCH transmission. E-DCH transmission can be performed by using two different TTI (2 ms and 10 ms). The following description and also the figures focus—without restriction of general principles to other TTI lengths—on the case of 2 ms TTI.
A first embodiment of the present invention relates to a pseudo-random HARQ process selection. The transmitter unit of the user equipment maps a data packet onto a HARQ process using either a systematic or pseudo-random mapping method and avoids thereby transmission occasions with a fixed periodicity. The method selects a pseudo-random HARQ process within a given time span by adding a pseudo-random offset to the next available HARQ process number and derives thus the eventual HARQ process number that is used for transmission. The principle of this operation is illustrated in
The operation of HARQ protocols also includes a retransmission mechanism of erroneously received data packets at a later transmission occasion of the same HARQ process that was selected for the initial transmission. In case of synchronous HARQ, there is no explicit scheduling of retransmissions. Thus, the transmission occasions of retransmissions within a given HARQ process have to be avoided by the pseudo-random selection process, which can be done by limiting the pseudo-random selection to only those HARQ processes that have no pending retransmissions. In order to limit the complexity in implementing a randomization process, a short pre-defined pseudo-random pattern can be used that is linked to a Connection Frame Number (CFN) in order to derive a HARQ process number. As an example, the offset to the HARQ process (0 . . . 7) number could be defined as the 3 least significant bits (LSB) of an N-times cyclic shift of a predefined binary sequence, e.g.,
It may be desirable to avoid strict application of the pseudo-random offset in deriving the HARQ process number, e.g. to avoid out-of-order arrival of HARQ data packets. Therefore, a wrap-around mechanism can be used as is exemplified in
However, as the HARQ process number 6 is occupied with the retransmission of a data packet 1 from the previous 16 ms period, the randomly derived offset of 6 HARQ processes is applied using a wrap-around at the end of the 16 ms interval, thus avoiding the HARQ process number 6. As a result, the HARQ process that is finally selected for transmission of data packet number 2 is the HARQ process number 7.
One benefit of control channel gating is that the network can save resources by employing discontinuous reception. This requires a known UE transmission pattern, which is trivial in the prior art of periodic transmission, but also needs to be handled by the proposed solution. Hence, in order for the network to derive the selected HARQ process without the need for additional signaling, additional restrictions on the HARQ process selection in the UE can be preconfigured through higher layer signaling between the user equipment and the network. The time span (dynamics) of this offset can be configured by the network and signaled to the user equipment via higher layer signaling. This includes as a special case also the possibility to set the randomization span to zero and thus avoiding randomization completely, e.g. for cases of extremely delay-sensitive services.
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to a permutation of HARQ process transmission occasions. According to this alternative, the transmitter unit of the user equipment maps a data packet onto the next available HARQ process (without randomization in process number). A permutation method is used to randomize the transmission occasions of HARQ process numbers (while not randomizing the selection of the HARQ process), for example by pair-wise swap of two adjacent HARQ process transmission occasions within a larger time interval. This method may be beneficial in cases where stricter limitations to the selection of HARQ process are applicable that would prevent pseudo-random selection of HARQ processes, as for example for the case of multiplexing MAC flows with different priorities. A permutation rule can be preconfigured by higher layer signaling between the user equipment and the network. An example of a simple permutation rule is to shift the transmission occasion of each HARQ process by 2 ms after a given period of transmission, e.g. 80 ms. This would imply that the last HARQ process is shifted "out", which implies that any data waiting for transmission in this HARQ process would be discarded. This should have negligible impact on the overall system performance, as the HARQ protocol will in such a case simply order a further retransmission.
Referring again to the transmitter unit 91, the randomizer 94 achieves a randomization by permutation of the selection of HARQ-process numbers that data packets are mapped on, e.g. the permutation of the HARQ-process numbers introduced by pair-wise swap of two adjacent HARQ process transmission occasions within larger time intervals.
As of 3GPP Rel6 Standard (defined in 3GPP TS 25.214), a CQI is transmitted either in each HS-DPCCH subframe (i.e. every 2 ms) or with a defined periodic pattern resulting in transmission in every N:th subframe (the parameter N is configurable by higher layers from the RNC). In order to avoid periodicity in the CQI transmission pattern, an offset (in number of subframes) can be added to obtain a final CQI transmission occasion by using a pseudo-random process as described in section 4.1.1, where the random offset can be defined e.g. as the log2 (N) least significant bits of the cyclic shift. Further a wrap-around method can be applied to avoid that a delayed transmission of the CQI occurs within the next CQI transmission interval. This can be expressed, e.g., by the following formula:
Finally, a randomization of UL DPCCH transmission is automatically obtained by following the principle of only transmitting UL DPCCH during slots where E-DCH transmission or CQI transmissions or ACK/NACK transmissions occur.
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This webinar will provide an in-depth discussion of USP <1226>, 'Verification of Compendial Methods' requirements. We will discuss FDA 483s on the subject of Method Verification to understand current FDA expectations.
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This webinar will provide an in-depth discussion of USP <1226>, 'Verification of Compendial Methods' requirements. Conditions under which Methods can be classified as 'basic' and not require verification will be discussed. The factors under actual conditions of use which impact method performance and make method verification necessary will be addressed. FDA 483s on the subject of Method Verification will be discussed to understand current FDA expectations for verification of compendial methods.
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Time to start squeeing, ladies (and many gents)! Get yourselves (and your libidos) ready for this one. New Kids on the Block and the Backstreet Boys are going on tour – TOGETHER. It's like our old teenage self is going into hormonal overdrive. Can't. Breathe. Apparently, we have to thank Live Nation Entertainment for this boyband extravganza-bonanza, although they're staying silent on this alleged hormone implosion for now. Yet insiders reckon that this glorious union might make it onstage by March 2011.
A source revealed, "The idea is to recreate the boy band phenomenon. It will be the ultimate ladies' night out." What do you mean "recreate" the boy band phenomenon? In our minds, it never went away! How AWESOME was it when the Backstreet Boys sang with the New Kids on "I Want It That Way"?
And there's even BETTER news. The buzz is that they're looking for a third boy band to join, and Boyz II Men might just be the ones. Can you handle it? CAN YOU HANDLE IT? Umm, clearly, we can't.
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electronics projects. The "9V clip" is also used on some batter holders of
assorted voltages (ie a 4AA battery pack.)
Here's how to make a nice wire-lead version...
(This is an old idea. The only original part here is the "strain-relief" hack.
Still, new pictorials for old ideas can be pretty useful.)
Step 1: Find a dead battery...
so a good place to find dead one is at work, where they might have battery
recylcling stations.
The internal construction of 9V batteries varies a great deal, and some are
easier to convert to clips that others. Duracells are pretty good.
Step 3: Peel back the edges
edges between the cuts you made in the last step. Be a bit careful;
those edges are sharp!
(On some batteries, the bottom may be easier to open than the top, and
that will work just as well for our purposes.)
Step 4: Separate the parts
you should end up with the top, the cells themselves (may be attached
to the top by wires or straps), and a plate from the bottom.
Step 5: Separate the top
are easier to solder to than the contacts themselves. Cut these near the
batteries so that you have some left to wrap around wires. (Here, one of
the spot-welds has failed, so it will only be half-easy)
Step 6: Prepare to solder on wires.
the contacts a bit...
Try to be consistant about which colors go to which contact. I try to use the darker
color for the negative contact ("male" nipple. Remember that it's reversed from the
polarity of the battery itself.)
Thanks a lot, Dude!
Me- Im lookin for a 500K ohm potentiometer
Store Person- ....... Huh?
Me- -_-'
Saves fiddling about ripping open old PP3 (9v batteries).
I also have a parts scrounging article that might be of interest at http://www.uchobby.com/index.php/2006/09/01/scrounging-a-3com-super-stack-ii/


text: BURNABY, BC - CanLight Fiji Sevens tournament director Lesi Korobasaga would like to invite Elite Men's, Women's and Men's Social teams to the 2014 edition of their competition, scheduled for July 5 at Burnaby Lake Sports Complex. The Elite Men's winner will take home $2,000 in prize money. To register please contact Lesi Korobasaga at email@example.com: July 5th, 2014Field: Burnaby Lake Sports Complex Contact: Lesi Korobasaga Phone: 604-585-9495 Cell: 604-442-6736 Email: email@example.com Fees: Elite Men-$250 Elite Women-$150 Social: $150Division Prizes: $2000 Elite Mens Winner $ 500 Elite Womens Winner $ 300 Social Winner Registration Deadline: July 3, 2014We will also be hosting Fijian Food & Island Music. Let's come together and promote RUGBY in Canada.-30-


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Dillenia indica
|Dillenia indica
|Dillenia indica leaves, fruits & buds in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
|Scientific classification
|Core eudicots
|D. indica
|Binomial name
|Dillenia indica
Dillenia indica (elephant apple, chulta/chalta or ouu) is a species of Dillenia native to southeastern Asia, from India, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka east to southwestern China (Yunnan) and Vietnam, and south through Thailand to Malaysia and Indonesia.[1]
It is an evergreen large shrub or small to medium-sized tree growing to 15 m tall. The leaves are 15–36 cm long, with a conspicuously corrugated surface with impressed veins. Its branches are used to make good firewood. The flowers are large, 15–20 cm diameter, with five white petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its characteristic round fruits are large, greenish yellow, have many seeds and are edible. The fruit is a 5–12 cm diameter aggregate of 15 carpels, each carpel containing five seeds embedded in an edible but fibrous pulp.[2][3]
The fruit pulp is bitter-sour and used in Indian cuisine in curries, jam (ouu khatta), and jellies.[2] It is often mixed with coconut and spices to make chutneys. It is extensively used in Dal and in fish preparations in Assam.
In India, it is not commercially cultivated, but is found wild in the Terai & Dooars region and Katha Reserve Forest (RF), Burihiding RF, Duarmara RF, Tarani RF, Dumduma RF, Nalni RF, Philobari RF, Takowani RF, Kakojan RF, Digboi RF, Bogapani RF and Upper Dihing RF. Because it is a main source of food for elephants, monkeys and deer, collection of fruit from the core areas of the forest are prohibited. Commercial sale of the fruit is also prohibited in an effort to help the food-chain system of the forest from dismantling totally.[4] This fruit is also known as the elephant apple, owtenga (ঔটেঙা) in Assamese, chalta (চালতা) in Bengali, ouu (ଓଉ) in Oriya and Oolu in Chakma language.
- ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Dillenia indica
- ^ a b Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
- ^ Flora of Pakistan: Dillenia indica
- ^ Sumanta Ray Chaudhuri (21 June 2007). "Elephants and villagers fight over pickle fruit". DNA.
|This plant article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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SLATA Technology Law Career Panel
November 19, 2008 12:45pm - 2:00pm
November 19, 2008 12:45pm - 2:00pm
Are you interested in law and technology but don't know what kinds of careers are available? Come to the SLATA career panel! Practitioners from different areas of technology law will talk about their job experiences and answer questions from students.
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Tuesday, March 19, 2013
On March 19, 2013 at approximately 12:32 p.m. Charleston County Deputies responded to the Awendaw Fire Station located at 10009 Hwy 17 North Awendaw, in reference to an adult male subject who reported being shot in the leg at an unknown location in McClellanville. The subject was transported via EMS to Hwy 17 and 45 for transport via Meducare for a non-life threatening gunshot wound to the leg hip area.
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Why is it so hard...
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Senior Member
Join Date: Dec 2011
Location: Austin, TX
Posts: 430
Re: Why is it so hard...
The question to me isn't why its so hard, but damn how did I ever find people to form a great band.
You need a group of people that all getting along on a personal level, then you need the same people to get along on a musical level (maturity is almost always required here). Then you can start to play music, but for it to be good you need to also balance ego, to much rips a band apart, and too little leaves you boring.
Then of course there is everything else in the world stopping you. I had an incredible band awhile back that could have gone somewhere but the other guys graduated and left town :(
Also it is always easier to find people to play covers than originals, you remove the problem of also needing a great songwriter and the disagreements on arranging, plus the musos who do covers are more mature than the pure original crowd.
I'm the Enchanting Wizard of Rhythm, here to show you the rhythms of the universe - Beck
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