text:
A novel metal oxide sputtered film comprising bismuth and tin is disclosed on a high transmittance, low emissivity coated glass substrate.
1. A high transmittance, low emissivity article comprising:
a. a transparent glass substrate;
b. a first transparent oxide film comprising bismuth and tin deposited on a surface of said substrate;
c. a transparent metallic film deposited on said first bismuth/tin oxide film;
d. a transparent metal-containing film comprising bismuth and tin deposited on said transparent metallic film; and
e. a second transparent oxide film comprising bismuth and tin deposited on said metallic film.
This is a division of application Ser. No. 31,320, filed Mar. 26, 1987, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,806,221.
The present invention relates generally to the art of cathode sputtering of metal oxide films, and more particularly to the art of magnetic sputtering of multiple layer films of metal and metal oxide.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,094,763 to Gillery et al discloses producing transparent, electroconductive articles by cathode sputtering metals such as tin and indium onto refractory substrates such as glass at a temperature above 400� F. in a low pressure atmosphere containing a controlled amount of oxygen.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,113,599 to Gillery teaches a cathode sputtering technique for the reactive deposition of indium oxide in which the flow rate of oxygen is adjusted to maintain a constant discharge current while the flow rate of argon is adjusted to maintain a constant pressure in the sputtering chamber.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,166,018 to Chapin describes a sputtering apparatus in which a magnetic field is formed adjacent a planar sputtering surface, the field comprising arching lines of flux over a closed loop erosion region on the sputtering surface.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,201,649 to Gillery discloses a method for making low resistance indium oxide thin films by first depositing a very thin primer layer of indium oxide at low temperature before heating the substrate to deposit the major thickness of the conductive layer of indium oxide by cathode sputtering at typically high cathode sputtering temperatures.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,327,967 to Groth discloses a heat-reflecting panel having a neutral-color outer appearance comprising a glass pane, an interference film having a refractive index greater than 2 on the glass surface, a heat reflecting gold film over the interference film and a neutralization film of chromium, iron, nickel, titanium or alloys thereof over the gold film.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,349,425 to Miyake et al discloses d-c reactive sputtering of cadmium-tin alloys in argon-oxygen mixtures to form cadmium-tin oxide films having low electrical resistivity and high optical transparency.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,462,883 to Hart discloses a low emissivity coating produced by cathode sputtering a layer of silver, a small amount of metal other than silver, and an anti-reflection layer of metal oxide onto a transparent substrate such as glass. The anti-reflection layer may be tin oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, bismuth oxide or zirconium oxide.
U.S. Pat. No. Re. 27,473 to Mauer discloses a multilayer transparent article comprising a thin layer of gold or copper sandwiched between two layers of transparent material such as various metals, titanium oxide, lead oxide or bismuth oxide.
In the interest of improving the energy efficiency of double-glazed window units, it is desirable to provide a coating on one of the glass surfaces which increases the insulating capability of the unit by reducing radiative heat transfer. The coating therefore must have a low emissivity in the infrared wavelength range of the radiation spectrum. For practical reasons, the coating must have a high transmittance in the visible wavelength range. For aesthetic reasons, the coating should have a low luminous reflectance and preferably be essentially colorless.
High transmittance, low emissivity coatings as described above generally comprise a thin metallic layer, for infrared reflectance and low emissivity, sandwiched between dielectric layers of metal oxides to reduce the visible reflectance. These multiple layer films are typically produced by cathode sputtering, especially magnetron sputtering. The metallic layer may be gold or copper, but is generally silver. The metal oxide layers described in the prior art include tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, bismuth oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide and lead oxide. In some cases, these oxides incorporate small amounts of other metals, such as manganese in bismuth oxide, indium in tin oxide and vice versa, to overcome certain disadvantages such as poor durability or marginal emissivity. However, all of these metal oxides have some deficiency.
Although the coating may be maintained on an interior surface of a double-glazed window unit in use, where it is protected from the elements and environmental agents which would cause its deterioration, a durable effective coating able to withstand handling, packaging, washing and other fabrication processes encountered between manufacture and installation is particularly desirable. These properties are sought in the metal oxide. However, in addition to hardness which provides mechanical durability, inertness which provides chemical durability, and good adhesion to both the glass and the metal layer, the metal oxide should have the following properties as well.
The metal oxide must have a reasonably high refractive index, preferably greater than 2.0, to reduce the reflection of the metallic layer and thus enhance the transmittance of the coated product. The metal oxide must also have minimal absorption to maximize the transmittance of the coated product. For commercial reasons, the metal oxide should be reasonably priced, have a relatively fast deposition rate by magnetron sputtering, and be nontoxic.
A most important, and most difficult to satisfy, requirement of the metal oxide film relates to its interaction with the metallic film. The metal oxide film must have low porosity, to protect the underlying metallic film from external agents, and low diffusivity for the metal to maintain the integrity of the separate layers. Finally, the metal oxide must provide a good nucleation surface for the deposition of the metallic layer, so that a continuous metallic film can be deposited with minimum resistance and maximum transmittance. The characteristics of continuous and discontinuous silver films are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,462,884 to Gillery et al, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Of the metal oxide films in general use, zinc oxide and bismuth oxide are insufficiently durable, being soluble in both acid and alkaline agents, degraded by fingerprints, and destroyed in salt, sulfur dioxide and humidity tests. Indium oxide, preferably doped with tin, is more durable; however, indium sputters slowly and is relatively expensive. Tin oxide, which may be doped with indium or antimony, is also more durable, but does not provide a suitable surface for nucleation of the silver film, resulting in high resistance and low transmittance. The characteristics of a metal oxide film which result in proper nucleation of a subsequently deposited silver film have not been established; however, trial-and-error experimentation has been widely practiced with the metal oxides described above.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,610,771 to Gillery discloses sputtering zinc and tin in an oxidizing atmosphere to deposit a zinc/tin oxide film, and employing a zinc/tin oxide film as an antireflective film in combination with a metallic film such as silver to produce a high transmittance, low emissivity coated article.
The present invention provides a novel film composition of an oxide comprising bismuth and tin, as well as a novel multiple-layer film of metal and oxide layers comprising bismuth and tin for use as a high transmittance, low emissivity coating.
A novel film composition comprising an oxide of bismuth and tin is preferably deposited by cathode sputtering, preferably magnetron sputtering. A cathode target is prepared comprising the desired ratio of bismuth and tin, preferably in the form of a bismuth/tin alloy. The target is then sputtered in a reactive atmosphere, preferably containing oxygen in order to deposit an oxide film comprising bismuth and tin on a surface of a substrate.
A preferred metal oxide in accordance with the present invention is an oxide compound comprising bismuth and tin. A bismuth/tin oxide film may be deposited in accordance with the present invention by cathode sputtering, preferably magnetically enhanced. Cathode sputtering is also a preferred method for depositing high transmittance, low emissivity films in accordance with the present invention. Such films typically comprise multiple layers, preferably a layer of highly reflective metal such as gold, silver or copper sandwiched between anti-reflective metal oxide layers such as indium oxide or titanium oxide. In accordance with the present invention, the preferred anti-reflective metal oxide layer comprises an oxide compound of bismuth and tin, and preferably comprises bismuth stannate, a novel oxide of the apparent formula Bi2 Sn4 O11.
While the characteristics of a metal oxide film cannot always be predicted with respect to its performance in combination with a metallic film layer to form a high transmittance, low emissivity coating, various tests may be performed to determine its durability and its effectiveness in regard to nucleation of a silver film. Durability properties are of greater importance to the metal oxide film when it is placed over the silver film. Nucleation properties are more important when the silver is deposited over the metal oxide. In a most preferred embodiment or the present invention, both anti-reflective metal oxide layers comprise an oxide of bismuth and tin.
For durability, there are heat tests which measure changes in transmittance, reflectance and color of the coating as an indication of long-term stability; accelerated weathering and exposure tests which measure the effects of such environmental conditions as ultraviolet radiation, humidity and salt (fingerprints or coastal environment); a sulfur dioxide test to determine the susceptability of the coating to damage by acidic atmospheric pollutants, and a test to determine whether the coating is damaged by a conventional glass washer and acidic or alkaline detergents.
A nucleation test may be performed to evaluate the effects of the metal oxide on the deposition of a metallic layer such as silver. To perform the nucleation test, a layer of the metal oxide is deposited on a substrate surface. A given weight of silver per unit area of substrate surface is then deposited over the metal oxide. Finally, a second layer of metal oxide is deposited over the silver layer. The first effect to be evaluated is the decrease in transmittance as the silver is deposited: the less the decrease in transmittance, the lower the absorption and the better the nucleation. The second effect is the surface resistance of the multiple layer coating: the lower the resistance, the better the nucleation. The third effect is the final transmittance of the multiple layer coating: the higher the transmittance, the better the nucleation.
In a conventional magnetron sputtering process, a substrate is placed within a coating chamber in facing relation with a cathode having a target surface of the material to be sputtered. Preferred substrates in accordance with the present invention include glass, ceramics and plastics which are not detrimentally affected by the operating conditions of the coating process. The bismuth/tin oxide film of the present invention may be deposited directly onto such a substrate surface, or over other layers of metal and/or metal oxides, including primers to improve adhesion as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,622,120, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The cathode may be of any conventional design, preferably an elongated rectangular design, connected with a source of electrical potential, and preferably employed in combination with a magnetic field to enhance the sputtering process. At least one cathode target surface comprises bismuth and tin which is sputtered in a reactive atmosphere to form an oxide film comprising bismuth and tin. The anode is preferably a symmetrically designed and positioned assembly as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,478,702 to Gillery et al, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a multiple layer film is deposited by cathode sputtering to form a high transmittance, low emissivity coating. In addition to a bismuth/tin target, at least one other cathode target surface comprises a metal to be sputtered to form an infrared reflective metallic layer, preferably silver. A multiple layer coating having a reflective metallic layer in combination with anti-reflective metal oxide layers is produced as follows.
A clean glass substrate is placed in a coating chamber which is evacuated, preferably to less than 10-4 torr, more preferably less than 2�10-5 torr. A selected atmosphere of inert and reactive gases, preferably argon and oxygen, is established in the chamber to a pressure between about 5�10-4 and 10-2 torr. A cathode having a target surface of bismuth and tin is operated over the surface of the substrate to be coated. The target metal is sputtered, reacting with the atmosphere in the chamber to deposit an oxide coating layer comprising bismuth and tin on the glass surface.
After the initial layer of bismuth/tin oxide is deposited, the coating chamber is evacuated, and an inert atmosphere such as pure argon is established at a pressure between about 5�10-4 and 10-2 torr. A cathode having a target surfaceof silver metal is operated over the bismuth/tin oxide coated surface. The target metal is sputtered and deposits a reflective, conductive metallic layer on the bismuth/tin oxide coated glass surface. A second layer of bismuth/tin oxide is deposited on the silver layer under essentially the same conditions used to deposit the first bismuth/tin oxide layer. A transparent metal-containing film is preferably deposited between the silver film and the bismuth/tin oxide layer.
The present invention will be further understood from the descriptions of specific examples which follow. In the examples, the bismuth/tin oxide film may be referred to as bismuth stannate, irrespective of the ratio of bismuth and tin in the oxide.
A stationary cathode comprises a sputtering surface which is one-third bismuth and two-thirds tin. A soda-lime-silica glass substrate is placed in the coating chamber which is evacuated to establish a pressure of 4 millitorr in an atmosphere comprising 50 percent argon and 50 percent oxygen. The cathode is sputtered in a magnetic field at a power of 1.7 kilowatts while the glass is conveyed past the sputtering surface at a rate of 110 inches (2.8 meters) per minute. A film of bismuth/tin oxide is deposited on the glass surface. The metal oxide film provides a bismuth/tin gradient ranging from about 60 percent bismuth to only about 1 percent bismuth, based on the weight of metal. A uniform layer of silver is sputtered over the bismuth/tin oxide, and a second layer of bismuth/tin oxide is sputtered over the silver.
The resistance of the coating is in the range of 5 to 10 ohms over this range of bismuth/tin in the oxide. After heating the coated substrate for 12 minutes at 1100� F. (about 593� C.), resistance and color changes are noted over much of the gradient film. However, in the range of about 40 to 55 percent bismuth and in a particularly preferred range of 45 to 50 percent bismuth, the resistance and color are stable, suggesting the formation of an oxide compound having the formula Bi2 Sn4 O11. While tin oxide has a refractive index of about 2.0, the bismuth stannate appears to have a refractive index closer to that of bismuth oxide, which is about 2.3. The higher refractive index permits use of a thicker silver film in a multiple layer high transmittance low emissivity coating without changing the optical properties, thereby providing a lower emissivity at a given transmittance. The properties of the gradient bismuth/tin oxide film of this example are summarized in the following table.
TABLE I______________________________________ RESISTANCESAM- % BISMUTH (Ohms) COLORPLE (Wt of metal) Before* After* Before* After*______________________________________1 60 4.9 ∞ -- --2 57 4.9 ∞ blue red- yellow3 52 5.3 11.0 blue red- blue4 47.5 5.5 5.3 blue blue5 43 5.8 9.5 blue blue6 31 6.3 ∞ red yellow7 19 6.9 ∞ red yellow8 12 7.1 11.6 pink hazy9 7 7.5 9.5 pink hazy10 4 8.1 9.5 pink hazy11 3 8.5 5.3 pink hazy12 2 8.9 5.0 pink hazy13 1 9.6 6.0 pink hazy______________________________________ *heating 12 minutes at 1100� F. (about 593� C.)
While optimum resistance and color properties are obtained in a relatively narrow range corresponding to the composition Bi2 Sn4 O11, the durability of a bismuth/tin oxide film in salt solution extends over the range of about 12 to at least 60 percent bismuth, the limit of this experimental range. These results are summarized qualitatively in Table II.
TABLE II______________________________________Salt Test (Immersion in 21/2%Salt Solution at Room Temperature)% Bi Immersion TimeSample (Wt. of Metal) 2 Hours 5 Hours______________________________________1 60 No attack No attack2 57 " "3 52 " "4 47.5 " "5 43 " "6 31 " "7 19 Slight attack Slight attack8 12 Moderate attack Moderate attack9 7 Heavy attack Heavy attack10 4 " "11 3 " "12 2 " "13 1 " "______________________________________
Previous tests have shown that coatings based on pure bismuth oxide suffer moderate attack in 20 minutes. Those of pure tin oxide are attacked in 2 hours.
The durability of bismuth/tin oxide coatings in humidity testing is improved over either bismuth oxide or tin oxide. Bismuth/tin oxide coatings in the tested range, from 4 to 60 percent bismuth, resist attack for at least 5 hours. By comparison, both bismuth oxide and tin oxide are attacked within 2 hours in the Cleveland test, which involves continuous condensation at 150� F. (about 66� C.). Thus, a much broader ratio of bismuth/tin in the oxide is acceptable if the coating is not subjected to high temperature processing such as bending, welding or tempering.
The above examples are offered to illustrate the present invention. Various modifications of the product and the process are included. For example, other coating compositions are within the scope of the present invention. The bismuth stannate coating may be used alone or in combination with various other films. For high transmittance, low emissivity films, bismuth/tin oxide may be used with reflective metallic films other than silver, with various primer layers and/or protective overcoats, and as either the top or bottom antireflective film in combination with other metal oxides, preferably as the top film for durability. Most preferably both antireflective films comprise bismuth/tin oxide. Depending on the proportions of bismuth and tin, the coating may contain various amounts of bismuth and tin oxides in addition to bismuth stannate. Since the magnetron sputtering process does not require very high temperatures, substrates other than glass, such as various plastics, may be coated. Process parameters such as pressure and concentration of gases may be varied over a broad range. The scope of the present invention is defined by the following claims.
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|170 posts found
Forum Bunny
Joined: 10/24/10
I levelled one char from 1-80 entirely in the starter zone for the humans a few months back. Havent logged in after the whole fractals thing though... I prolly should but too lazy to o.o
I think that pushed majority of the population to the fractals since thats what happened to my guild forums when they started fractals.
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Novice Member
Joined: 4/07/04
Originally posted by jpnz
Some serious lack of logic in the above post. Also have to echo the impression that the poster hasn't actually played the game.
1. Level Scaling
Level Scaling is not part of the problem for relatively low map populations in 20-70 zones. It's part of the solution. Arenanet just needs to provide more game play reasons to revisit zones. According to the hints given on the January-March updates this will be a renewed development focus. We don't know exactly what they have in mind, but if they can make it more fun to return to lower level zones, more people will play there. The level scaling mechanic is needed. (Loot scaling works ok now, but probably should be tuned to further narrow the gap between playing in an at level zone and a lower level one).
2. Invisible Walls/Mob Density.
Ummm..... this is the bullet point that hints most strongly towards the OP not being a player of the game. The absolute limits of each game zone may fit with in a large box, but the bounderies you must travel with in are almost always delineated via organic, irregular terrain, rather than a linear invisible wall. There are walls in a few places where terrain design allowed for unintended access to certain areas, but these are very rare.
Unless you are trying to run through a zone more than 5 levels above your character level, there is no problem "threading the needle" between mobs and avoiding those that do aggro on you. Once again, obviously not a player of the game.
3. Feedback loop.
There isn't one. No player with a level 80 character avoids level 20-70 zones for any of the reasons given by the OP, so, no, it's not a compounding problem.
The game world is massive and the population curve is spread out more evenly. World PvE, unfortunately, is much less rewarding than Dungeon play, with Fractals of the Mist worsening the issue. If world PvE across all level ranges, including via level scaling, becomes more rewarding in coin, loot and FUN, a larger ortion of level 80s will be found out in the game world, rather than doing FotM all day.
Want to know more about GW2 and why there is so much buzz? Start here: Guild Wars 2 Mass Info for the Uninitiated
Originally posted by fiontar
This post talks 'logic' so lets logically break it down shall we?
1. Level scaling issue.
My position is that making it harder will bring LESS players out into the world.
This post says making it harder we bring MORE players out into the world.
Either logic works I guess except my logic has real life examples; just look at the million posts that cries about the 'casual ruining our game!' posts.
2. I do play but that isn't evidence or logical of anything. A so-called logical post doesn't go 'well you don't play so your opinion is invalid!' without actual evidence.
My evidence is the actual GW2 Map; http://luna-atra.com/g2c/img/map/world_map.jpg
Zones are rectangle and it only allows you to exit / enter through a fixed instance portal.
If you have any evidence that the above is wrong, then yes, I haven't played GW2 as I am clearly playing some other game.
Threading the needle? You have gone to Orr right? RIGHT?!
3.Well, this is easy to rebuttal. I have an 80 Ele that avoids 20-70 area. Guess there goes your 'logic' of 'No 80 does X!'
[mod edit]
Gdemami -
Hard Core Member
Joined: 5/13/10
I am more than some of my parts
Originally posted by jpnz
Thanks for your logical input.
All of my posts are either intelligent, thought provoking, funny, satirical, sarcastic or intentionally disrespectful. Take your pick.
I get banned in the forums for games I love, so lets see if I do better in the forums for games I hate.
I enjoy the serenity of not caring what your opinion is.
Originally posted by eyelolled
Hey, if you want to chat with your buddy 'fiontar' on why he is saying the stuff he is saying, go right ahead.
I know, I know, he didn't present the 'Pro-GW2' argument in the best of light but that's not a conversation you should have with me.
If you want to actually post something that counters my logic, that's cool too.
Your welcome by the way.
PS. Not sure why so many people are getting so defensive about it though, ANet accepted the issue and even said 'we have to figure something out'.
If you don't like it, take it up with ANet.
Gdemami -
Novice Member
Joined: 6/20/08
Originally posted by jpnz
Several pages into this already, but this has been false time and time again for me. I have leveled four characters to 80. I have constantly been able to succeed at DEs and group DEs solo. For the major boss DEs, there have always been a handful or more of players to come in and fight alongside. The bast majority of DEs will not constantly fail. Only a very small fraction of them will, and most of those are in Orr, and players group up every now and then to clear those ones (like the temples).
Even when I bring a lvl 80 to these "dead zones", I see plenty of others characters participating in DEs. I guess these zones are considere wastelands because the screen is not FULL OF PLAYERS and spells like in the first couple of weeks. I much prefer less than 10 people for every DE than the initial rush of 30+
On my server, Tarnished Coast, I get a feeling that the "wastelands" aren't as lifeless as people make them out to be...
Originally posted by Eluldor
On Gandara same thing, theres enough people in each zone to do DEs, but its not a crowd. You can level comfortably. And if i want quick 5 events for daily guess where ill go - to some of lower level zones that i know have lots of players and events trigger all the time.
And Gandara is somewhat medium in population.
But yah, fractals hurt open world play everywhere, not just in 20-70 area (more in 80 areas), also regular dungeons, putting best stuff in there makes and nerfed everything in open world, people doing just fractals. It was a mistake and one that ANet acknowledged and is working to sort it out. Hopefully WvW will get some love gear wise too.
Originally posted by jpnz
1. The problem is Dungeon Play is much harder than the PvE World, especially non level 70+ areas, making your argument void.
2. One can divide a globe into rectangles. There is no doubt you can travel between areas only by specific paths, but again that is something normal.
Rivers, mountains, sea, canyons, deserts, swamps,are all geographic features that divide our world.
Sure, one could say the designers clearly made the world in a way that doesn't have huge plains covering multiple zones.
The only way for one to see that zones are rectangular is by looking at the map because if you just wander around, you won't see anything strange.
Currently playing: GW2
Originally posted by Gaia_Hunter
Did you really just compare group instances with world PVE content?
Trying to say it isn't an 'issue' when ANet has accepted the issue as fact, is probably not going to work that well.
Gdemami -
Originally posted by jpnz
Players either are playing PvP, much harder than the open world, Dungeons, much harder that the open world, WvW a different beast than open world.
You say that the culprit was the downlevelling system, which makes the world harder and so people play it less.
"1. Level scaling issue.
My position is that making it harder will bring LESS players out into the world.
This post says making it harder we bring MORE players out into the world."
That is a false argument because the cause of less players in the world in not the difficulty or not. Dungeosn are harder and players are there.
Just look at games where the best loot is dengoens and raids - empty worlds.
People play less of the open world not because it is harder or there is a downlevelling system but because it is less rewarding than the dungeons.
It is easy,people bitched that Dungeons weren't rewarding enough, so they flocked Orr and the easier dungeons.
Anet boost dungeon rewards > people leave Orr and flock in to them.
Also that big admission of the problem is:
"This ties back to what i was saying earlier in which Ascended Gear and really any progression related reward mechanism that impacts the world globally should be introduced (Where possible) across the game and inside the different type of player's activities specifically. Allowing players to continue doing the things they love without focusing player migration to a specific part of the world. The introduction of the Ascended reward in one part of the game was a mistake and one that i don't want to make again.
Full AMA https://docs.google.com/document/d/1PmsDw6AfTYzy7Wh1j_bnaz4Fyop3_8wpbxGcxrhgNUI/edit?pli=1
Currently playing: GW2
Hard Core Member
Joined: 4/19/08
Originally posted by rojo6934
Count me in. :-) I left first time Rift exactly because not enough of players to close rifts, this has allower uncontrolled invasions all over ... npcs in quest hubs killed in secs ... sometimes could not play for days, whenever logged in no players around or at least not enough. Like much more Gw2 in this (but also other) sense.
Novice Member
Joined: 9/14/10
Facts do not require fiction for balance.
Originally posted by jpnz
Nit pick alert. They're not "fixed instance portals". There are zones, not instances, which are always running and persistant as opposed to instances which are private copies of an area.
The zones may be rectangular on the map, but they don't feel that way in the game.
Originally posted by Gaia_Hunter
Are they empty?
I am not going to say whether 'GAME X' is populated or not, but ANet is the only company that admits it is a 'problem' in their game.
Actually, there were two instances.
That's the first one and the second one is this;
43. I am L26, and it is reaaaally slow going, as the maps and events are deserted, and everything you designed for crowds in mind, I have to solo. Is there any chance of getting heroes/henchman to offset this, at least until L80?
I love the idea of henchmen and this is something we would discuss, however the problem you raise initially would be complemented by this feature rather than fixed. We are going to ensure full use of the world by not polarizing content. This has been a huge topic of conversation today. Thanks for taking the time to share your thoughts and questions.
Gdemami -
Originally posted by jpnz
Just because other companies don't admit problems (maybe it isn't a problem since most of the content in the open world for most MMORPGs is soloable) it doesn't mean the world isn't empty.
Still there is no admission that the world is empty, just that they will make the open world a reliable alternative to the instances concerning rewards.
As I said it is all a question of luck - sometimes there is tons of people others just a few.
(I guess we may say Rift had a problem with its own rifts.)
Currently playing: GW2
Originally posted by Gaia_Hunter
Are other game worlds top/bottom heavy? They might be but that's not the point of this thread.
This thread is to discuss the high-level game designs that might have caused the problem in GW2, not GAME X.
I'd like to point out that this thread accepts that ANet is a competent game company that knows what goes on in their game and that they were honest in that AMA.
If a fanboy wants to say 'ANet lied in that AMA' or 'ANet doesn't know what goes on in their own game', that's a separate issue for another thread.
Gdemami -
I managed to solo / small group finish more than 3/4 of the zone bosses for 20-70. Low population really isnt an issue for completion of events.
The reason these zones are so barren is due to no real reason to keep doing them once you have gotten 100% completion. They need to beef up rewards from the open world if they want people to continue using it.
Is it a problem for leveling or zone completion? No. But it does lead to a perception of an empty world.
Perhaps if they added regular world events which gave notification to everyone in the game and had decent rewards for all levels they could get people visiting the old zones, although thats more of a band aid, much like the dragon spawns which are always busy. Permanently better rewards for low level DEs would be required to keep the zones busy.
Originally posted by jpnz
And we are discussing it.
It just isn't the ones you have pointed, difficulty (due to number of mobs scalling) and bad area design.
Things that would help to keep the areas more populated:
- More events.
. Better drops from veteran and especially champion mobs.
- More rewarding event chains with skins only achievable from DEs.
- More Karma merchant options.
- Scavanger quests.
- Non tiered crafting that allows some of the best items to also require low level materials (Mystic forge allows to upgrade materials and whatnot but it isn't enough).
Currently playing: GW2
Originally posted by Gaia_Hunter
Would more events really get the players into the world more?
What's the percentage of events that players have seen right now? I know for me, it is less than half; at 80, I'm not going to run those events when I can run other more rewarding events.
The hithrathi highlands chain event is fairly nice that a lot of people saw but since it was 'nerfed', it basically died in my server.
I don't think it is the 'content' per se, I think it is the rewards. Look at how the Bal-Temple DE is constantly being done cause people want that Karma vendor.
Maybe run X amount of different DEs and you get a skin or w/e?
I hope they dial back some of the down-scaling as well, maybe not so much like WoW (where they are none) but a few levels higher than right now.
I think a henchman is a good idea for the following reason. If every player had a henchman, a 10 man DE event suddenly looks like 20. The perception between 10 and 20 is huge and the perception that 'hey there are a lot of chars here.' is very powerful to players.
I think the Mystic Forge is a terrible game design (from the player's perspective) and explained very poorly but that's my personal opinion.
Gdemami -
Originally posted by jpnz
COncerning the number of Events.
Currently playing: GW2
Novice Member
Joined: 6/20/08
Originally posted by jpnz
Just going to say this once, you need to stop making this argument that Anet accepted it as fact. They accepted that there are fewer players in these zones than other zones, but that DOES NOT mean that there are not enough players to do a DE.
Lastly, some obscure number like 99% of DEs are soloable. I also understand that some people suck and about 5 or so of them make up for a good player :)

subset: commoncrawl


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Falcons on the Floor
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On the eve of the first siege of Fallujah, Salim and Khalil decide their best chance of survival is to flee up the Euphrates river.
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Review at The L Magazine
Review at Vouched
Advance Praise:
Falcons on the Floor is the rare novel about war that re-humanizes everyone involved. Through excellent writing and a deep understanding of what occupation does, to civilians and soldiers alike, Sirois and Alshujairy take the reader on a deeply personal journey where we are shown how and why war should be avoided at all cost.
Dahr Jamail, independent journalist and author of Beyond the Green Zone
Sirois disproves that art has no place during times of war. He illuminates the absurdities and complexities of war, details a ravaged, gorgeous landscape and the hearts of men in a way only a novel can do. Compelling, heartfelt, intelligent — Falcons on the Floor shows us how young men, all over this sad planet, become pawns in a world beyond their control.
Paula Bomer, author of Baby and Other Stories
The battle of Fallujah seen on the ground by Iraqis. Two young men slip out of the city under siege to walk through desert patrolled by Coalition commandos to Ramadi. Two young men with conflicting appraisals of the situation, and with the loyalties and lusts of youth and hopeless hopes. The writing of this complex novel makes it a lyrical and sensuous poem – an astonishing and mesmerizing book.
Alphonso Lingis, philosopher and author of The First Person Singular and Body Transformations
Book Trailers:


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Erica Mena Says She Was Misrepresented On 'Love & Hip Hop'
It appears that model Erica Mena let VH1 bring the 'Bronx Bish' out of her and now she's crying foul. She recently revealed to TMZ, that the fight between her and Kimbella that aired on Monday night's episode of 'Love and Hip Hop' has put a major block on her modeling career. Erica says she believes VH1 purposely made her look like the bad guy, all while painting Kimbella as a saint and she tried her best to get the clip pulled before it aired on TV.
My whole image in my career is now affected by this. I wanted them to pull this clip because I don't want to show this side of me.
Even though Erica felt as though she was misrepresented, she admitted to Vibe last month that she would have pounced on Kimbella whether the cameras were rolling or not:
[Kimbella] throwing that glass at me—like I said, whether cameras are there or not, how I reacted is just how I would react for any situation, whether I was on the show or not. Obviously my words hurt her so she decided to become a Basketball Wife and throw a glass at me so I had to be a Bronx b*tch and snuff her. It plays out how it plays out. I can't really get into that point right now but that moment did backfire on me. There is the bad, there is the ugly, it is what it is […]
Even Kimbella has a story of her own to tell. She has the rags-to-riches story and basically she got lucky and sucked the right d*ck but she has her own story to tell. I have my story to tell. So at the end of the day, it's unfortunate having what happened to us. She threw the glass at me and like any one of us would do, I'ma wax that ass, regardless whether I'm on camera or not. You can't really feed into the critics because at the end of the day, if we didn't have talking, if we didn't have half the stuff that we have going on, there wouldn't be much of a buzz. I had to throw down. I had to protect myself and whether I was on TV or not, I would've done it. So you know as it stands for me, I'm just kinda like, it's time to really get to the main focus of what we are here for and that's just to tell the story about our lives and what's going on with us.
Meanwhile, she still wants everyone to know that she's more than just a pretty face who loves to fight:
'I'm definitely that crazy, sexy cool girl. You're gonna see, I'm not prissy. I'm a Bronx girl so I definitely have my little wild factors. But at the same time, I'm all about my career too. I've never really been that kind of girl where it's like I'm the big bully that gets that kind of attention. I never wanted that attention. My thing was to get into this whole thing and actually make it, and not be that two-minute hot girl, which tends to be the game plan for a lot of girls these days. Yeah, I've been in booty magazines and did music videos but guess what? I can be on Nickelodeon too if I want to! So I'm giving a different dynamic view than the average model. It's not always about who has the bigger tits and ass, or who's showing what. I've never been into that so I'm gonna make known that there's different sides of the game and there are women that actually do this because at the end of the day, career is definitely the goal.
In Erica's defense, we were sent a video of her work earlier this year and she seemed like a very nice, loving and ambitious girl who had her head together. Hopefully she gets her anger in check (that video of her beating up her baby's father was not a game) and be more careful about the gigs she chooses. All money ain't good money.
Watch below:
In case you missed it: Watch her full confrontation with Kimbella below:
Video via Hip Hop Stan


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ELEMENTAL delivers a provocative portrait of modern environmental activism through the story of eco-warriors from India, Canada, and Australia who are confronting some of the most pressing challenges of our time. The Center's downloadable Discussion Guide and conversation cards offer discussion ideas, reflective exercises, and action projects for engaging high school or college-level students. The Center for Ecoliteracy is cosponsoring a showing of ELEMENTAL at the Smith Rafael Film Center in San Rafael, CA at 6:30 Tuesday, June 4, with a post-screening Q & A with director Emmanuel Vaughan-Lee and CEL director of communications Lisa Bennett.
Download Discussion Guide
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The Bachelorette
Quotes From Bachelor Pad Season 2, Episode 5: "This Is A Mansion, Not A Trailer Park!"
Bachelor Pad contestants say the darndest things — even when they're not fighting over sex, which managed to happen to two couples this week. Here are 10 of our favorite quotes from Season 2, Episode 5.
10. Just noticing the crazy now, are you?
Kasey Kahl [to Vienna Girardi]: You made a huge deal and you're looking crazy.
9. Heck yeah! Preach it, E!
Erica Rose: I'm a lot smarter than Holly is and, in my opinion, I am a lot prettier. To me, she's really nothing special and she's kind of annoying.
8. Hey now, don't blame all dentists for Mr. 40 Second Man's smugness
Michael Stagliano: I don't like Blake very much. ... So there's a part of me that wants to punch him in his perfect, ridiculous dentist teeth.
7. But if that doesn't work, you might want to knock on Kasey's door
Erica: I'm definitely, like, really horny. ... It is my mission to have a romantic time with Blake and hopefully end up in the missionary position tonight.
6. This should be the concept for her next TV show — The Tiara Whisperer!
Erica: I have friends that passed away and, like, I communicate with them a lot.
5. Save this one for Ella
Erica [about Blake]: I need to take those little pillow lips for a test run.
4. Case closed!
Erica: Blake tells me that me telling the girls that I was bringing my sexy lingerie is the same as if he told the guys that he was bringing condoms. And I agree. And I wish that he had.
3. It's kind of an asylum, actually
Erica: This is a mansion, not a trailer park.
2. So you're saying Vienna is Natalie 2.0?
Kasey [to Vienna]: You never said no. You said yes. Just like you told Wes, just like you told Dave Good...
1. Well, if you like it you're supposed to put a ring on it, so if you *don't* like it...
Vienna [to Kasey]: You just ripped a ring off my finger because I won't have sex with you.
Need your daily dose of Bachelor Pad? "Like" us on Facebook!


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Posted at: 11/07/2012 7:32 AM
By: KOB.com staff
It looks like the city will be getting the money it wants to fund the Paseo del Norte/ I-25 interchange project.
Voters overwhelmingly approved a bond issue for the project - with 65 percent voting for it.
The vote now means the city can use up to $50 million toward streamlining the heavily-traveled intersection on the city's north side.
The state and federal government has already promised money for the project - but if voters didn't approve the bond, the city could have lost some of that money.
KOB's Adam Camp talked to Mayor Richard Berry about the long fight.
"I'll be glad to wake up in the morning and know that that project will start going because it's been so long in the making. We've worked hard to get to where we've gotten on that and we're appreciative that the folks decided that's a good idea."
Construction could begin as early as next summer.


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Student Services
We are available for individual appointments -- either in person or by phone -- to assist you with your career development needs. We also offer the Strong Interest Inventory and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to help you assess your career interests and skills (nominal fee charged). All counseling sessions are confidential. Call us at (212) 678-3140 to set up an appointment.
Career Document Review
To have your career documents reviewed, you must first register on TCCS LINK, our online job database. After your registration is complete, call to make an appointment with one of our career counselors to review your career document(s) in person or by phone by calling (212) 678-3140.
Prior to submitting your materials, feel free to review our Resume Checklist, Resume Writing Guide, CV Writing Guide and/or Cover Letter Tips.
TCCS LinkedIn Group
Join the TCCS LinkedIn Group 'Teachers College Career Services (TCCS), Columbia University' to connect with TC alumni and fellow students, exchange information, ideas and opportunities with others in your field, and learn about upcoming TCCS programs & events. Click here for more information on joining this group!
Schedule a mock interview by calling (212) 678-3140 with one of our career counselors and receive feedback about how to improve your performance for the actual employer interview. All mock interviews last for one hour.
Walk-in Hours
Stop by for a "quick" (10-15 minute) counseling appointment with one of our career counselors. Bring your career document(s) for a review, ask questions about an upcoming interview or seek TCCS LINK assistance. This service is offered on a first-come, first-serve basis. Click here for our hours.


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Picks up where other super glue leaves off
The special two part mixture lets you fill in the gaps and cracks in your repairs to make a stronger, smoother repair seam. Simply squeeze out a bit of the reinforcing powder (includes black and gray for color matching) and then add a few drops of quickset adhesive. The result is a near instant fix thats strong and seamless. Includes two 1-oz. bottles of reinforcing powder and two ⅓-oz. bottles of adhesive.
To view a material safety data sheet (MSDS) for this product, click here. The information is in PDF format which may require Adobe Reader
Reviewed by 1 customer
Best Uses
Used Q bond to fix breaks in garden pond liners that were suffered this winter. Sealed up the cracked plastic very nicely.
Item: 78508


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You can now filter search results with text. Example: "person: john" will search only person pages for "john".
The world is about to end but Natasha is trying make amends for the sins from her past.
Mockingbird and Agent May team up to take down a horrific enemy.
Ghostbuster meets Ghostbuster!
Character »
Joker appears in 2063 issues.
Security Guard at Arkham Asylum who has a hook in place of his missing left hand that was bitten off by Killer Croc. He also has a wallet made of Killer Croc's skin that he took as payback.
Aesop is the nephew of Maxie Zues.
Creator of Watchmen, From Hell, V for Vendetta, the ABC imprint and more.
Featured in comics like Hellblazer #120, Eddie Campbell's Alec, His own Snakes and Ladders as well as his Promethea series
The Joker kills him at the end of Infinite Crisis.
Alfred Pennyworth is Bruce Wayne's loyal father figure and butler. Alfred raised Bruce (and later Dick Grayson) after the death of the Waynes. A former British secret agent, Alfred is a skilled surgeon who often fixes members of the Bat-Family.
A self-described activist, Alysia is Barbara Gordon's transgender roommate in Gotham City. She owns a cat named Alaska.
Angel Rojas is the first chief of police for Gotham City Police Department, before Gordon took over the role. He only respects the men and women who gives their lives for Gotham, not vigilantes in masks.
Angie Molina is a news reporter for Channel 10 who gets kidnapped by the Joker and is almost killed before she is saved by Batman. She writes a bestselling book about the incident. Romy Chandler confronts her about the book, wanting to know how exactly her partner Nate died in the fire but Molina doesn't remember.
The Joker came to Vanity City to challenge Aztek, but was stopped by Aztek and the Batman. Later, Aztek and the JLA would fight against Joker while he was in Luthor's Injustice League.
A former policeman tortured by the Joker into insanity.
Bane fought Joker at No Man's Land when Lex Luthor hired him and Bane also opposed Joker on Salvation Run.
Barbara Gordon was the first Batgirl. Shot in the spine by Joker, she is now paralyzed from the waist down. She is now an information broker known as Oracle, she is the founder of the Birds of Prey.
After being doused in chemicals and then being struck by lightning, forensic scientist, Barry Allen, was granted the gift of super speed. Barry then became The Flash, the fastest man alive. Drawing his energy from the Speed Force, Barry protects the citizens of his hometown Central City, and is also a founding member of the Justice League. Barry is a key part to his Universe because after changing the time stream for the worst, he saved it and changed things back to the way they were more or less.
Hailing from the 30th century, Bart Allen is the grandson of the Flash, Barry Allen. Utilizing the same powers, of super-speed, possessed by his Grandfather, Bart fights crime alongside the Teen Titans as Kid Flash.
Bruce Wayne is not only Batman, but he has been chosen by the Lantern Corps as Earth-32's Green Lantern. This brave Bat-Lantern uses his detective skills and his power ring to instill fear in the hearts of villains.
The Joker is the most dangerous of all of Batman's foes. He's murdered over 500 people-in a single week. He was responsible for Jason Todd's death by brutally beating him. He shot the original Batgirl, Barbara Gordon, in the spine, paralyzing her. And overall has put Gotham through more hell then anyone else. The endless combat between Batman and The Joker comes to symbolize everything The Heroic Vigilante fights against. The Joker is set on proving to Batman that everything burns, and tries to taunt the incorruptible vigilante into breaking his rules and killing him.
This incarnation of Batman is The Dark Knight of a far away planet called "Zur-En-Arrh."
Dinah Lance was born into a family of crime fighters; her mother was a vigilante and her father is a cop. She grew up with the company of heroes, and after years of training, followed in her parent's footsteps by assuming the costume, identity and legacy of her mother Dinah Drake, The Black Canary.
Jefferson Michael Pierce aka Black Lightning, is a Teacher and former Olympic Gold Medal-winning Decathlete. He fights for the ideals of Justice with his electricity-based powers.
Humiliated in his own time-period, the 25th century, Michael Jon Carter stole future technology and a security robot named Skeets and traveled back into the 20th century to become the greatest hero you've never heard of: Booster Gold!
An insect-themed hard-luck hero, the Bug is DC's homage of Marvel Comics' Spider-Man.
An amateur superhero coming from a small town in Mexico, Bunker is a member of the Teen Titans. He is capable of projecting Psionic bricks to form walls and other structures in various forms. He can also use his psionic bricks as a form of armour.
Catwoman, the costumed alias persona of Selina Kyle, is a mostly reformed cat burglar with an on-again, off-again, romantic relationship with Batman. She is shown as a woman who is very strong-willed, independent and morally conflicted with her past.
A Gotham City police officer and friend of James Gordon.
A man who went a little too far with method acting...
Arkham Asylum inmate who believed her husband had a chip implanted into him by Joker who then proceeded to corrupt her children, leading her to slaughter them all.
Joker was involved with Creeper's origins.
The second, and shortly lived, Joker.
Damian Wayne is the son of Bruce Wayne and Talia al Ghul. Trained by the League of Assassins all his life, Damian joined his father's side in the war against crime by becoming the fifth Robin. Damian later met his demise at the hands of his adult clone, The Heretic. Now returned from the dead, Damian Wayne is now ready to fight crime on a different level with his new superhuman abilities.
Daphne Blake is a member of Mystery, Inc. She is known for her sense in style & fashion and Her fiery red hair. Daphne comes from a very wealthy family. Daphne's main attire in the Scooby-Doo series consists of a purple dress, pink pantyhose, purple shoes, and a green scarf.
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The restaurant that would have occupied the number one spot on my list of Clark County's top dining destinations has closed. Executive Chef Morris Fenton and Gwyn Manney have their sights set abroad, thus, the passing of Oliver's. The restaurant, though small as it was and humbly situated in Camas, made a large impression on the dining scene in Southwest Washington. It even attracted the likes of KOIN-TV, Food and Wine Magazine, and numerous other publications.
Sadly for us, we have lost the best, though I wish Morris and Gwyn the very best in their endeavors abroad. They are an exceptional match and I am certain success will follow them wherever they land.
That said, I've given much thought to my favorites of 2012. It takes such a perfect mix to make a delicious impression. It's not just about the food. It begins the moment you walk through the door and it ends … well, it doesn't end. The impression lingers in your subconscious. The desire to revisit isn't always triggered by hunger, but it always looks for a simple excuse (such as hunger) to book the date.
A favorite restaurant brings comfort and satisfaction. A favorite restaurant is a place where one may return knowing that regardless of all else, they will enter to find all is as enjoyable and delicious as it was when they last left. Restaurants may all be loved by some, but certain attributes set a few apart as special. There are different categories of style and cuisine that further broadens the scope of favorites. All things considered, a personal affinity for a place that fills more than just an appetite is a favorite restaurant.
For a romantic ,quiet evening of delicious food and top-notch service, my present choice is a booth at Gray's at the Park, 301 W. Sixth St, Vancouver. The restaurant offers valet parking and what I've found to be the most attentive wait staff in Clark County. I preferred the former menu to the newest Hilton revision, though there are plenty of carryover items to select from that provide Pacific Northwest exclusives.
Of the newest fast-casual restaurants that opened up in 2012, my favorite is Strada, 2100 SE 164th Ave., Suite 109-A, Vancouver. The piadinas made with sausage are habit-forming and the space is efficient and comfortable with an air of sophistication. The staff is smiling and friendly and management has a professional presence right alongside.
For a place off the beaten path, my choice is C'est la vie in the Angst Art Gallery, 1015 Main St., Vancouver. Although I've never been to Paris, I feel as though I've taken in its essence after a visit to the café, which feels more akin to cozy kitchen dining than restaurant dining. The crepes and salads are one-of-a-kind and they offer some of the best tea I've had.
I'll probably have many naysayers regarding my pizza choice, but I have a theory when it comes to "good pizza" – unless it's not cooked, there really isn't a bad pizza. My personal Clark County favorite is 360 Pizzeria, 3425 S.E. 192nd Ave., Vancouver. I find the crust reasonable and the toppings well-suited and balanced. I also enjoy the modern fireside atmosphere.
For an evening of food and cocktails, Birch Street Uptown Lounge, 311 Northeast Birch St., Camas, is my favorite place to visit. If you have out-of-town guests, it's sure to impress. I love the vintage atmosphere. It is a unique place that conveys the romance of a different era. The pork sliders are scrumptious.
There are other restaurants that come to mind as I consider my favorites, but if I had to survive on only five, these would be the five.
So what's in store for 2013? Your guess is as good as mine. Since I began writing for The Columbian in 2007, I have seen many restaurants come and go. The demise of some has come as no surprise, yet there have been those that have perplexed me. I hope some standard-setters are on the horizon in order to keep the quality of dining on an upward path. I also hope we have some menu revisions that will reflect food trends alongside the tried-and-true.
I'm looking forward to the 2013 dining scene. I will do some revisiting of established restaurants and cover the new ones as well. They won't know who I am when I walk in the door, but I will always have you in mind. I know we all work hard for our money, so my goal is to report a realistic, whole experience in order for you to decide if it's something of interest.


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August 3, 2015
Investigators believe a Marquez bank robber is linked to a dozen other bank robberies in Central Texas.
On Wednesday, the man walked into the Wells Fargo Bank, in the small town of Marquez, in Leon County.
The Sheriff's Office says the man was armed with a handgun, and made off with a large sum of cash.
The FBI has released a photo of the suspect.
He's described as a 50 year old, white male, with a heavy build.
In the photo he has a gray beard, but investigators say it could be fake.
Its believed the robber has targeted other banks along I-35.
The FBI is offering a $20,000 reward.
Anyone with information can call crimestoppers at 512-472-8477, or the FBI at 512-345-1111.
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Bahraini Court Fines Four Editors Accused of Publishing Lies
Oct. 11 (Bloomberg) -- Bahrain's High Criminal Court fined four editors from the independent newspaper Al-Wasat who were accused of publishing falsehoods in connection with anti-government protests, said its editor-in-chief, Mansoor al-Jamri.
They were ordered to pay fines of 1,000 dinars ($2,652) each, al-Jamri, who is among the four, said in a telephone interview. He said the newspaper itself was convicted of printing false information from March 25 to 29. The dates coincided with part of a government crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrators, most of them Shiite Muslims.
Prosecutors accused al-Jamri of publishing false stories to incite fellow Shiites to rise against the Sunni Muslim-led government. Al-Jamri said the information was planted into the newspaper's computer system and published inadvertently.
Bahraini authorities detained hundreds of people, most of them Shiites, following protests to demand representative government and more rights. At least 35 people were killed during the clashes. Bahrain's Shiites represent about 70 percent of the population, according to the U.S. State Department, and have long demanded rights equal to those of Sunnis, including appointments to senior government and military posts.
To contact the reporter on this story: Donna Abu-Nasr in Manama at email@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Andrew J. Barden at email@example.com.


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The Todd Snyder City Gym Pop-Up is our official headquarters for the one of a kind collaboration between Todd Snyder and Champion. City Gym Pop-Up is where vintage vision, modern innovation, and individual style, all connect to make a powerful sartorial statement.
Monday-Saturday 11-7pm
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— UrbanDaddy
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The BB 'La Casa del gelso' takes its name from the mulberry tree planted some 30 years ago by the husband of the... More Info »
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Home > Mumbai Cafes > Western Suburbs > Bandra West Cafes > The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf
Bandra West, Western Suburbs & IN 9 MORE LOCATIONS
47 Reviews / 47 Ratings
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April 30,2015
I am so obsessed with this place. Such a perfect place for breakfast as well as a quick snacks. Iced coffees are divine. Their double chocolate ice-blended coffee is sinfully good and the whipped cream never disappoints you. They also have a wide range of desserts and croissants to drool over. They have recently enhanced their food menu by adding all-day breakfast and pasta items. The ambiance has a fresh look and interesting décor. Nice choice of coffees and tea for the tea lovers.
May 4, 2015response from management at The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf:
Hi There,
Thank you so much for the Divine review! We are delighted to know that you are obsessed with us, our services and our food. It seems you have tried all our varieties and liked them too, it gives us such immense pleasure to be loved so much by you! We would love to host you over again and serve you with the best in class delicious foods and services. Do visit us soon! Looking forward to your awesome presence!
Team CBTL
January 31,2015
Amazing place
This is one of the best places in Mumbai and definitely in Bandra which is my favorite suburb.One can sit here for hours with friends comfortably chatting..coffee is really good and value for money too-since a large cup is really large and fills up the tummy and is just about 200 bucks..it is actually a mini meal in itself..and sandwiches and pastries are also yum!
February 19, 2015response from management at The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf:
Hi Prachi,
Thanks a lot for the warm review. It makes us extremely happy to learn that you absolutely love us for the coffee, sandwiches and pastries-- and for the ambience, too! We hope to keep serving you with the same taste and quality in the near future, too. Please do visit us again, soon.
Team CBTL
January 24,2015
Lovely place
Superb location,on busy linking road, near shoppers stop. Must visit here to chill out and try to sit in the upper section where seating is much relaxed as compared to downstairs. The dessert section is amazing and coffee is much better than CCD or barista. It is more expensive too but you will love the quality so much,you won't mind paying for it! My husband loves cappuccino & I love Hazelnut Latte !Desserts are really to die for!
February 19, 2015response from management at The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf:
Thanks a lot for the fab review! It's a matter of utter delight for us to know that you found us better than the other coffee chains. We look forward to serving you with your favorite Hazelnut Latte in future, too. Do visit us again, super soon!
Team CBTL
March 06,2014
Love this place.
From the vast number of cafes in the city, this, has the best coffee menu on offer.
Being a regular customer here, I have had the opportunity to try a lot of what's available here(mostly hot coffee's) and everything I have tried, has been amazing.
The cafe is made very nicely and feels warm and comfortable.
Will continue visiting for the amazing coffee choices and quality.
March 06,2014
Ecommerce hub
I stopped by at this place for a quick catch-up with friends and felt like we were in the middle of a business conference. We were sitting in the upper section. And what a bad time we had!!!
Here's why....
Every single table had couples seated with some kind of business pitcher who was trying to sell this E commerce deal to them. We were hearing the exact same words, phrases and catch lines from each and every one of them and that too sooo loudly it was extremely irritating.
I'm sure Coffee Bean has tied up with some company that is into this E commerce thing that brings all their fresh bait here to get hooked on but they need to dedicate some part of the restaurant to these guys.... not the entire restaurant.
I would never go to this place again... Maybe except to use the washroom . LOL
One of the best locations for a coffee shop
From my days in Bandra/Khar this used to be a regular choice for coffee anytime between the morning to late nights. The outside seating area is a favourite, otherwise one could look at the top floor, usually full. The location is prime after all, the coffee is good, so the footfalls are high.
Over to the coffee experiences. I'm a coffee person, so I've tried all the hot coffees on their menu. I like the cappuccino, Hazelnut Latte and Americano. If you are into exotic coffees, do check for the pour of the day. I specially like the Vanilla beans they use.
The sandwiches are good, though I haven't had one recently. Desserts are oh so yummy. Try the Banoffee Cake, The Apple Crumble and Warm Chocolate Pie. They are my personal favourites with repeat value. Also tried the dessert of the day: Mocha Millefeuille pastry recently. Tasted a li'l like Mysorepak but hey, you got to try things to get your experiences!
CBTL continues to be one of my favourite coffeeshops in Bandra.
Hopeless place for me.
The staff of the coffee beans is currently hope the person named as Jagdish does not know what to talk to the customer and how to talk to the the customer. He the manager have started abusing the customer.The staffs put in there spit and then serve the coffee stuff and then enjoy seeing the customer drinking.There are no quality checks undertaken by the external regulatory authorities.
Divya Kamra, Social Media enthusiast
July 29,2013
No.2 for me
I had a meeting at this place. Was really impressed by the location. It was raining that time, and this place looked like heaven.
The place is nicely done up with a outside seating, which is covered right now and 2 floors. We decided to sit upstairs. We ordered a cappuccino, one more but this with a espresso shot and one Darjeeling tea. The order size was regular.
When the order came, we were surprised by the size. It was more like a large cup then a regular. The taste was decent, however I prefer Gloria Jean's over this!
It was a nice seating arrangement that appeals me to come here again. The coffee is above average, but still no.2 for me.
July 23,2013
Finally We have excellent Coffee in Mumbai!
I visited coffee Beans and tea leaf when it was very new and had a meagre crowd but after it gained popularity for its delicious and creamy coffee's this place is always a meeting point for most coffee lovers. the service is quite efficient and the I am in love with their WiFi names.
July 08,2013
Expensive but worth it :)
In a place like Mumbai, how many options are there for people low on time jostling for a few moments of relaxation or chilling out with friends/loved ones in congested spaces? Okay, there are the beaches-but they are not everyone's cup of tea (pun intended) and then there is the minor problem of them being littered with roadside romeos dilly dallying with their damsels! Then there are the movie theatres but again, most of them charge 200 plus-that is, for a decent place with decent crowd and half-decent food/snack options. Then there are the bowling places/bars and pubs which are sometimes too noisy and again the price challenge. Then the malls which are fine for the first 5 times but after a while, one does want to sit down someplace nice.
So enter the coffee shops! Sit around for 2-3-4 hours at the price of just 1 coffee :) What can be better than that!
I say CCD wins this battle, because the most college-going-pocket friendly prices are available there. But if you are in mood for some better coffee, a little upgraded ambiance, then this is a pretty good place to chill for a time equivalent to 2 movies at the price of 1 movie ticket :)
I have been here at least 4 times and spent between 2-6 hours at a stretch with nobody bothering us to get lost. There is a seating area outdoors which is the only option available on most evenings when it is rush time. It is also best to sit for hours without even ordering anything! Inside, the ground floor does not have space for more than 12 people while upstairs is more lounge like ambiance with sofas and cushions and a pretty good view of linking road traffic thanks to wall-to-wall glass interiors. It is here that one can see even single people enjoying a cuppa while merrily working on their comp or even reading a book, tucked in a corner, for hours.
I have tasted 4-5 coffees and they have all been good. Yes, a tad expensive but I don't mind paying that much for chilling on a couch for 4 hours while gossiping to my heart's content, once every 2 months :)
White Chocolate Dream and Hazelnut (cold coffee) are superlative as is the Caramel latte. I had a Jasmine Dragon green tea too once and it tasted like poison-which, I found out later, is how all green tea taste like (sad, but true-all good things for our body taste like poison) So it just means they served authentic green tea :) Also, after using the tea pouch, I asked for it to be wrapped in several tissue papers because I wanted to take it home-(I am not a weirdo, green tea is really good for under eye area, so I brought it home, kept it in freezer and used under my eye for refreshing it later!) so yeah, I asked for that to be done and the server happily did that, even though I am sure he must be thinking I am some witch about to do some kaala jaadu on someone using that!
Any place that agrees to 'tissue-wrap' a used green tea pouch for me is a winner in my book :) Also, my friend once had a slice of philadelphia cheese cake and couldn't stop talking about it for another week, so I am guessing pastries here are good too.
Servers are always smiling and attentive. Also, the upstairs area has a small but clean loo which is a plus!
November 11,2012
awesum coffees
d coffees are jus tooo good here...i had tried their cold coffee wid whipped cream and their hazelnut coffee both wer jus fantastic..
in d food v had called for a pasta wich was equally delicious..
d ambiance is too good...cozy and sophisticated is what i wud call it...
d service is quick
the prices are a little high when u compare it to a ccd or costa but worth every penny u pay
October 01,2012
Good Place :)
This place looks great. I quite liked it. I was on the ground floor whereas i wanted to go to the 1st but it was kind of crowded. Had gone with friends a few months back. Ordered the pasta which was okay-ish & the sauce went dry & then it tasted a little stale, I left half of it :/ My friend ordered a vanilla mango frappe or something like that i don't remember the name but it was heavenly. She had 3 of them :P
It was a nice hang out place. Would surely visit again. :)
August 29,2012
Coffee - Good, Tea - Not so good!
I've been a fan of their Nariman Point outlet, but this seems to be packed all the time. The location is good and the outdoor seating looks great but it gets very hot. I didn't find the kind of ambiance the other CBTL boasts off.
Service is good and Food tastes more or less the same. Pancakes and Chicken sausages are a hot favorite. Philly Cheesecake are quite nice. Tried the White Chocolate Dream and I loved it! The non-fat milk in it made me feel less guilty of indulgence ;)
A friend of mine tried the Moroccan Mint Iced Tea Latté, and disliked it from the first sip. It was too minty. The prices are on the higher side for a cafe but the usual mocha's and lattés are normally priced.
August 08,2012
July 27,2012
Great service but average coffee and food
I've been to Coffee Bean and Tea leaf twice now and feel its a really nice place to chill out with friends.They have very comfy decor and the service here is great.But the beverages are your average cafe fare.The coffee is okay nothing great.I tried the Hot Vanilla on my second visit and did not like it much.Also the food menu has more options than a regular cafe but the food is pretty average as well.Pricing is moderate but a little more than what you see at CCD and Barista.I woudn't reccomond eating a meal here but its a good place if you want to hang out with friends over a cup of coffee
A good place to chill and talk!
After spending the afternoon shopping with my best friend, n going thru endless shops, we both were dead and decided to unwind at The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf...Hungry an parched we ordered the White Chocolate Dream, Double Dark Chocolate drinks, pasta and a salad...The White Chocolate Dream was to die for. Really yummy, refreshing with that subtle coffee taste. Food was good too...My favorite coffee shop!!
June 18,2012
May 15,2012
no spice for the price!
I must say it was a let down! I went in with great expectations and the only thing that I really liked were the biscottis.
I must admit that the ambiance of the place is good though. For someone who wishes to spend big bucks to laze around in a nice environment for a long time, albeit with discouragingly pricey and uninspiring beverages - well this is your place in Bandra!
February 02,2012
Poor Hygiene
We had been to CBTL and to our complete shock, we found that all the spoons were not washed. Those were used spoon just wiped with tissue. It was really scary for us to imagine the impact on our health. When we went to counter to cross check, all the spoons were used and wiped ones. They did not bother to wash steel spoons before giving with cakes and pastries. The very thought of using used spoons gives 'eeky' feeling everytime we see CBTL outlet
November 19,2011
CBTL for a perfect Sunday :)
My idea of a perfect Sunday would be chilling at a coffee shop with my friends & having some hot cappuccino. I went to CBTL with my friends & as usual I had my all time favorite White Chocolate Dream. I have it each & every time I go to CBTL & absolutely love it. It's a 10 on 10 & you just can't miss it!
September 17,2011
Excellent coffee, excellent service!!!
Just a sip of their hazelnut ice blended coffee drink was enough for me to become their fan! I went there a few days back with my friends and we all went gaga over the taste of ice blended drinks and their flavors. I have been to so many coffee shops and have tried numerous cold coffees but this was very different and far better than the others. I strongly advise everybody to go and try the ice blended drinks at The Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf.
March 03,2011
I had been wanting to try this place since a long time and finally went there last week,the place offers seating outdoors as well as indoors and the atmosphere is pretty much the same as any coffee shop.
We decided to order two cold coffees, a veg sandwhich, pancakes and chilly cheese toast.
The pancakes didnt taste good at all and tasted like plain omlettes, which was dissapointing.
The cofees were ok actually both the cold coffees we ordered tasted very much the same .
The cheese chilly toast was really good and we enjoyed having that.
Its an ok place nothing great ,i found the coffees just as any other coffee shop,the food was average,service is ok and i also found it expensive as compared to other places.
October 13,2010
excellent coffee, excellent service
My title pretty much summarizes my last 3 visits to CBTL at Linking Road.
I've always felt that the service is prompt and friendly. the last time i went there i decided the try the decaf herbal tea, they have 3 flavours. I went for Ginseng tea and Peppermint, both were excellent. When my tea went cold, they replaced the hot water :)
The food is very well presented. I tried the Mushroom omlette from the all day breakfast menu. Loved it! The coffees as expected are very good. The hot mocha and cold double chocolate and vanilla latte are highly recommended, and i wana go back and try them when i'm not on a diet.
Dipesh Rathod, Busniess development MGR
September 20,2010
September 05,2010
September 05,2010
very snoby staff.. and average coffee
Its a international cafe i would think it will be same as the one in LA but its qualitty is shit... and when i asked the waiter the coffee is very watry the reheated and send me back with more sugar in what a idiot ...the bean quality is shit it taste nothing like on in US... may be its quality of barista is average... also the dessert is not worth paking 240 rs at all....
September 05,2010
September 04,2010
September 03,2010
August 25,2010
Loved the cappuccino
I'm writing this review, as I take a sip of a very well made cappuccino by the barista of The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf.
This was my first time to TCB&TL, but as they say on TV - I'm loving it.
For one, it is conveniently located on Linking road right across from Amarsons. Yon just can't miss the big signboard.
Two, the vibe of the place is very young and lively. The music they were playing was damn good. Forgot to ask which compilation they were playing, but I enjoyed it for about 2 minutes it took them to hand over my to-go cappuccino.
Three, the place is spacious and good for a taking a break after a bout of crazy shopping on Linking Road.
Four - service with a smile.
Highly recommended. btw, the small cappuccino set me back by Rs. 70.
Roanna Fernandes, Writer + Illustrator
June 18,2010
Good Ambience :)
Ok, I liked the ambience a lot, especially the upper section, it's not too packed and just right for two or more friends. What I had there was the lasagna (just about ok), the chicken ham cumber sole sandwich (too simple and expensively priced) and the double hot chocolate. That was quite nice! It's quite a cozy little place for one to sip their hot beverages and may be even just read or work on a computer. However, rather than grab eats there itself, just opt for a nice little beverage or two. You shan't be disappointed!
Nivedita Karmaran, HR - personnel
June 06,2010
Good Morning Place
I happen to step into the place when i head a good cheer of good morning and welcome to coffee bean and tea leaf. That surely refreshed me.
But when it came to cold coffee which i ordered or the chicken roll she ordered. we have had better stuff at other places. Heck its over priced. Service is cheery slow, but its a coffee and a tea shop so its ok.
May 30,2010
May 30,2010
Okay...this is possibly the WORST eating place ever!!!! we sat for 30 minutes with NO service....we went inside to place our order and were told to have a seat....our order would be taken......nobody came and we even gestured to the waiters who were totally disinterested......it was like they didnt even want their jobs.....i am extremely disappointed with this and hope you pull up your socks if you hope to make your mark in bandra
May 13,2010
Super Coffee
I had not quite liked the CBTL outlet at Tardeo (sobo central mall) so i was a little skeptical about trying the bandra outlet. but i'm so glad i did. the place is split into 2 levels, the lower one further divided into Ac and non-AC. but i chose the one upstairs as it just seemed brighter.
We called for 1 cafe mocha and my friend just wanted to try this all-day breakfast item so...an omlette with mushrooms, and also a chicken burger. The omlette came with toast and butter. It was quite yummy. The burger was just about okay. But the coffee was plain delicious!
I also liked the prompt and friendly service. Since this place gets pretty crowded on weekends, you might have to wait for a table. Besides that, all izz well :)
May 09,2010
above all
The coffee bean & Tea leaf is an excellent example of a neighborhood coffee shop.
The coffee is brewed to perfection. The baked goods are a treat, and their side orders are very tasty.
Its like one of those international cafes where you can sit in the corner and see the buzzing street outside, they have 2 sections on the top and bottom and both are pleasant. The décor is simple yet vibrant at various points; their sofas have an amazing mix of colors. As soon as you enter, the staff welcomes you in concert.
The price range is okay, comparatively higher than our ccds but these meals are fresh as they have a separate kitchen. The staff is well trained and can suggest you if you ask.
The only problem I experienced was with their swipe card machines not working. After waiting for 10 mins at their counter, I suggested if they could wait for me to go to a local ATM and withdraw cash. So my advice, please dont rely on cards for their payment.
I really wish they have more outlets towards Andheri and Malad, I am sure they will make it big. Dying to try all their sweet goodies. Well done coffee bean..thanks for a nice Saturday evening.
April 15,2010
Heavenly :)
Gr8 seating options, friendly staff, limited but sumptuous food options and HEAVENLY coffee...The white chocolate iced coffee was awesome (it better be since its priced at a steep 140)...I only wish they had more variety on the menu...N esp loved d wall with all f d celeb pics on it...David beckham, Jessica alba, Paris hilton n d whose-who of tinsel town hv been der...Move over barista guys...Coffee bean is here to stay :)
Mehak Rampal, Media Professional
March 25,2010
Nishant Singh, Research Associate
March 21,2010
Loved the coffee and the ambiance
Coffee Bean and Tea Leaf (CBTL) was recommended by Daniel soon after he discovered my love for coffee! So a bunch of us went here and got ourselves a nice cosy seating at the end of the cafe. For the uninitiated, CBTL is located in the same building as the erstwhile Cream Centre, which has now been shifted to Oberoi Mall in Goregaon East.
We ordered for our respective coffees including a Cappuchino, Mocha Latte, White Chocolate Latte, Vanilla Latte, Cafe Latte, Americano and a Pure Caramel shake. Damn that is a lot of coffee! To think, we drank coffee, at around 10 in the night (and oh, bless the poor soul who drank Americano!), is insane! Yet we did exactly that!
They have small regular and large and most of the coffees were large and hence prices accordingly with the Cafe Latte and Americano being priced INR 100 each. Looking at the size, one can safely assume that coffee here is value for money.
The coffee here is very good. A little cheaper than Barista and a whole lot better than coffee at Java Expresso and Java Green. Freshly grounded coffee beans, milk and some sugar is all one needs to complement a conversation that can go on for hours.
Besides coffee, we also ordered for sandwiches including a Chicken Club sandwich, Chicken Cumberland Sandwich and a Jerk Chicken Sandwich along with Veg Lasagne.
The club s/w like everywhere else was pretty big and stuffed with salads and chicken pattice. Though it makes for a healthy meal, there is the the minimal Jerk Chicken stuffed with salami.
The white chocolate Latte was a bit like milky bar and coffee put together. But the best of the lot was the Caramel Drink with whipped cream. It was a lot of caramel and had to be shared amongst people.
Overall, CBTL is an excellent place for its coffee and the ambiance. Relax, hold a meeting or go on a date CBTL serves every one. The ambiance is very chilled out here and one can relax for hours. Though service here is a bit slow but that is no complain especially if you get to have some good coffee over conversations!
February 21,2010
Morrocan Minty is Heavenly
Ambience is excellent, clean (has to be its new), very friendly staff and courteous. Toilet is clean (plus point). Slightly expensive but worth it.
The coffe and tea is great, they are willing to tweak your coffee to your liking which i think is great esp. since the staff's suggestions are good. The philly baked cream cheese cake is mind blowing. Its the nearest cheese cake like NY I have ever had outside NY.good going coffee bean.
February 13,2010
good ambience..average food
went here for an early morning breakfast on Sunday. The guy who took the order was pretty knowledgeable about the varieties of coffee and the diff kinds of omlettes...which was a refreshing change. We ordered 2 coffees, 1 veg sandwich and 1 omlette. The coffee was fairly light inspite of me asking for it to be strong and they added cream without telling me that it comes with the package. The omlette portion was quite nice but small (1 would think that for 90 bucks you'd use 2 eggs) and the toast was slightly burnt.
All in all the food is average but a good place to kill a few hours in the hustle-bustle of bandra.
February 02,2010
Kafee Clean & Pretty Neat
So I walked in to mirthful sounds of "Welcome to the coffee bean & tea leaf", the service speaking in unison in a sing song manner. A performance that was repeated every time someone walked in, to my dismay.
The ambience was impressive, like a cottage or cosy room, the first level with wooden flooring & big couches accompanied by a view. The ground level with its three or four sets of wooden chairs & tables clearly caters to the classes. The outdoor section is pretty decent too.
Expecting international standards, I placed an order for a banana muffin & a cappuccino, two things I must try at any coffee shop. The coffee was fine but what I've noticed at international chains of cafes is that the cold coffees, shakes & ice blended drinks are a better bet! The muffin, God alone knows if it was stale or just that way, was crumbly & not near satisfactory.
I also tried the vegetarian linguine which was pretty decent but had a faint scent of plastic that it might have been wrapped in. The desserts looked scrumptious. Pretty darn steep, the pricing but absolutely justified, especially when seen in comparison to other coffee shops in the vicinity. You have 2 CCDs, one Barista & one Costa around the same area. Move a little further & you have Theobroma & even McDonalds for coffee.
Anyhow the entire experience was alright. The service was friendly, slow but polite. The cafe was pretty packed. You'd probably catch teens & yuppies at this one.
While I had no intention of frequenting this one I decided I'd like my girls to have a good laugh at the welcome song, walked in all smiles two days later only to find that the waiters quit the jig...to my dismay!
January 26,2010
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This month's County Commissioners' meeting was far from normal as many citizens attended to hear the discussion of the Redistricting of Pushmataha County. Due to the high volume of individuals attending (60 plus citizens) the meeting was moved to the Community room in order to accommodate the large turnout.
Little Dixie CASA® schedules volunteer orientation
If the tragic stories of abused and neglected children have broken your heart repeatedly, it may be time to take a positive step and make a real difference in a child's life. Little Dixie Court Appointed Special Advocate (CASA) program is offering volunteer training for all individuals wanting to become a child advocate.
The Southeastern Oklahoma FFA Rodeo Series will be making it's first stop in Hugo on August 25th through the 27th.
Some of the events that will be included in this rodeo are Sr. and Jr. Bulls, Barrels, Poles, Bronc Riding, Goat Tying, Steer Wrestling and many others. There will also be calf riding for the little ones 8 years of age and under.
This event is open for participants who are 19 and under. Saddles will be awarded to High Point. Boys and girls junior ages are 12 and under and 14 and under for bulls.
Parker Taylor, a 2011 Rattan High School Graduate, recently signed with Carl Albert Junior College to play baseball this year.
Members of the Pushmataha County Sportsman Club held a bass tournament on August 13, at Sardis Lake. The temperature during the club's last four bass tournaments had reached well above the one hundred-degree mark, but only reached into the upper nineties for this one. A welcomed change. The cooler temps, however, did not seem to make the bass want to bite anymore than when it was extremely hot. Only four anglers were able to catch two or more keeper bass.


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Transliteration is the practice of converting a text from one writing system into another in a systematic way. In the library word is it used to describe non-Roman characters into Roman alphabet. You will find how to transcribe Hebrew letters into English in Hebrew and Yiddish Transliteration Table. This link is to the scanned text of the 1997 edition of the "ALA-LC Romanization Tables: Transliteration Schemes for Non-Roman Scripts," approved by the Library of Congress and the American Library Association. These tables were developed for use when the consistent transliteration of non-Roman script (e.g. Hebrew) into the Roman alphabet is needed, for example, in order to catalog non-Roman materials.
This is a guide to important print and electronic reference sources for JWST491/WMST491 (Grossman): Judaism and the construction of gender. The emphasis is on material available in the University of Maryland Libraries' collections, but some Internet sources are also included.
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text: All I really care about is Julio Urias, but there were a couple prospects who had solid weeks for their respective Dodgers minor-league teams. With Yasiel Puig having been promoted from Double-A, the Lookouts offense now runs through Joc Pederson. The Dominican Summer League started play this week as well, and some of the bigger international signings should log ample ... Read More »


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