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An implantable device monitors the balance between sympathetic tone and parasympathetic tone as a function of an activity level. Cardio-neurological healthy users exhibit a generally sympathetic tone in conjunction with heavy activity level and a generally parasympathetic tone in conjunction with periods of low activity level. Deviations from expected results are associated with a health problem. Measured conditions are stored and available for subsequent reporting to a remote programmer. Therapy delivered by an implantable device is determined as a function of the relationship between autonomic balance and activity level.
1. An implantable device comprising:
an autonomic tone sensor to provide a tone signal as a function of a sympathetic nervous system and as a function of a parasympathetic nervous system for a predetermined period of time;
an activity sensor to provide an activity signal as a function of physical activity corresponding to the predetermined period; and
an information processing unit connected to the autonomic tone sensor and connected to the activity sensor and adapted to generate an output signal based upon a relationship between the tone signal and the activity signal, establish a baseline that correlates different tone signals with different activity signals over a predetermined period of time, compare the output signal to the baseline, and classify a patient's health status based upon the comparison.
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11. A method comprising:
generating an autonomic tone signal as a function of autonomic tone detected during an epoch using an implantable sensor;
obtaining an activity signal as a function of physical activity during the epoch; and
generating an output signal based upon a relationship between the tone signal and the activity signal, establishing a baseline that correlates different tone signals with different activity signals over a predetermined period of time, comparing the output signal to the baseline, and classifying a patient's health status based upon the comparison.
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This document relates generally to assessing cardio-neurological health and in particular, but not by way of limitation, to an implantable device for assessing health by monitoring autonomic balance while engaged in activities requiring various levels of exercise.
The autonomic nervous system includes a sympathetic component and a parasympathetic (or vagal) component. The sympathetic component is relatively slow acting and is associated with a tendency to raise heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. The parasympathetic component provides a relatively fast response and is associated with a tendency to reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. A proper balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic components is a characteristic of cardio-neurological health. Variously referred to as autonomic balance, autonomic tone, sympathetic tone or sympathovagal balance, such a metric provides an indication of the patient's well-being.
Autonomic tone is affected by physical activity. In a clinical setting, autonomic tone is measured while the patient engages in a prescribed activity. For example, autonomic tone will increase while a user transitions from a supine position to an upright position. A typical test of autonomic balance, called an orthostatic test, does not adequately provide information as to tone over an extended period of time.
One embodiment of the present subject matter provides an implantable cardiac rhythm management device adapted to continuously monitor autonomic tone and physical activity. Patient specific baseline data for a predetermined time, or epoch, is generated and reported. In one embodiment, therapy is tailored according to the current relationship between autonomic tone and activity level and a baseline level.
In one embodiment, the baseline data includes data corresponding to a selected population or data corresponding to historical performance of the patient.
The present subject matter allows tracking of different levels of stress (as measured by activity) while monitoring autonomic tone. Physiological conditions can be identified by abnormalities in the relationship between autonomic tone and level of activity. In one embodiment, the activity level and autonomic tone are presented over a period of time as a footprint.
One embodiment provides sensors tailored to monitor autonomic tone and physical activity level wherein at least one sensor is implanted. Data from the two sensors is correlated by a processor. The processor, in various embodiments, is implanted or externally located. The autonomic tone and physical activity data is available for managing therapy or further analysis.
Other aspects of the invention will be apparent on reading the following detailed description of the invention and viewing the drawings that form a part thereof.
In the drawings, like numerals describe substantially similar components throughout the several views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes represent different instances of substantially similar components.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that the embodiments may be combined, or that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural, logical and electrical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present subject matter. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Implantable unit 100A includes an implantable housing as well as leads and electrodes adapted to couple with one or more selected organ. In one embodiment, for example, activity sensor 110 includes a minute ventilation sensor and autonomic tone sensor 120 includes a heart rate sensor that provides a signal based on heart rate variability.
In various embodiments, activity sensor 110 includes an adaptive rate therapy sensor, examples of which include a minute ventilation sensor, an accelerometer, a respiratory sensor, a QT interval sensor, an impedance sensor, a contractility sensor and a depoloratization sensor.
In various embodiments, autonomic tone sensor 120 includes a sensor to provide a signal based on the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. Autonomic tone sensor 120, in various embodiments, includes a heart rate variability sensor, a nerve electrode, a biochemical sensor and a muscle activity sensor. In one embodiment, autonomic tone sensor 120 includes a chemical sensor to monitor a drug level, such as norepinephrine, or a hormone level, such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). B-type natriuretic peptide is a blood borne cardiac hormone that responds to ventricular wall stretch and blood pressure and is associated with symptoms of heart failure.
Internal processor 130 includes, in one embodiment, an information processing unit. Internal processor 130 receives an activity signal from activity sensor 110 and a tone signal from autonomic tone sensor 120 and stores a code, or data, in internal memory 140 correlating autonomic tone and physical activity. In one embodiment, internal processor 130 provides an output signal based on the relationship between autonomic tone and physical activity level. Internal processor 130, in various embodiments, includes a digital processor, such as a microprocessor, or an analog processor. In one embodiment, internal processor 130 executes programming to control the operation of therapy unit 135.
Therapy unit 135, also coupled to internal processor 130, includes circuitry and hardware to deliver therapy based on the autonomic tone and physical activity. In one embodiment, therapy unit 135 includes a pulse generator and provides pacing pulses. In one embodiment, therapy unit 135 includes a drug delivery device.
Internal telemetry unit 150, also coupled to internal processor 130, includes a wireless transceiver for communicating with external telemetry unit 200, as shown by communication link 160. In one embodiment, communication link 160 is bidirectional and in another embodiment, communication link 160 is unidirectional.
External telemetry unit 200 is coupled to remote processing unit 220 by link 210. Remote processing unit 220 is also connected to input device 240, output device 230 and external memory 245. In one embodiment, external telemetry unit 200, link 210, remote processing unit 220, input device 240, output device 230 and external memory 245 are housed in a single unit sometimes referred to as a programmer. In one embodiment, the external components are distributed. For example, in one embodiment, link 210 includes a digital communication network. Examples of digital communication networks include a local area network or a wide area network such as the Internet.
Remote processing unit 220, in various embodiments, includes a digital processor, such as a microprocessor, or an analog processor.
Input device 240 includes a keyboard, mouse, card reader or other user operable data communication device. Output device 230 includes a display monitor, audio speaker, printer or other device to provide data to an operator. External memory 245, in various embodiments, includes random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), optical storage medium, magnetic storage medium or other stationary or removable memory medium.
Internal sensor 180, in one embodiment, includes an autonomic tone sensor and external sensor 280 includes an activity sensor, each of which are described elsewhere in this document. For example, in one embodiment, internal sensor 180 includes a heart rate variability sensor and external sensor 280 includes an activity monitor coupled to an exercise machine such as a stationary treadmill. External sensor 280, in various embodiments, is part of an apparatus used for exercising or part of diagnostic equipment in a clinical setting or a health care facility.
Internal sensor 180, in one embodiment, includes an activity sensor and external sensor 280 includes an autonomic tone sensor. For example, in one embodiment, internal sensor 180 includes an accelerometer responsive to physical activity and external sensor 280 includes a heart rate monitor responsive to heart rate variability.
Remote processing unit 220 receives an activity signal and an autonomic tone signal from the combination of internal sensor 180 and external sensor 280 and stores data in external memory 245 accessible to remote processing unit 220. The stored data correlates the autonomic tone and physical activity. Output device 230 is coupled to remote processing unit 220 and provides a visible or audible representation of autonomic tone and physical activity.
In one embodiment, remote processing unit 220 executes programming to determine therapy, validate therapy or manage therapy as a function of the autonomic tone and physical activity. For example, following a determination calling for a more rapid pacing rate, a signal from remote processing unit 220 is communicated via link 210 and external telemetry unit 200 to internal telemetry unit 150 for delivery to internal processor 130. Internal processor 130 then instructs therapy unit 135 to increase the pacing rate.
At 330, a program executing on a processor operates to separate the autonomic tone data by an activity level as indicated by the activity signal. At 340, a baseline is established to correlate different activity levels with an autonomic tone. The baseline, in one embodiment, is a compilation of data for a particular user. In one embodiment, the baseline is an aggregate of the data for a particular user and a selected population. The population may be selected on the basis of medical conditions, geographical location or other factors. In one embodiment, the baseline is an evolving metric that begins with seed information derived from a selected population and is tailored with data derived from a particular user. Over a period of time, the population data is attenuated and the comparison data becomes predominantly that of the patient. For example, in one embodiment, the baseline data includes a population norm value for a class IV heart failure event. Other methods to incorporate a population norm as part of a baseline are also contemplated.
Consider an exemplary embodiment utilizing an accelerometer for the physical activity component of the baseline. The accelerometer provides an output measured in units of gravity "G" or milli-G. In one embodiment, autonomic tone is measured while the user is engaged in physical activities, including when at a predetermined state of rest, when at a predetermined level of exercise, when transitioning from the predetermined state of rest to the predetermined level of exercise and when recovering, or transitioning, from the predetermined level of exercise to the predetermined state of rest. For each of these conditions, a measure of autonomic tone is generated. In one embodiment, the baseline reflects the patient norms for each of these different conditions. In one embodiment, the baseline reflects a population norm for each of these different conditions.
In one embodiment, the baseline for a normal patient can be described, in the frequency spectrum, as transitioning from a supine position to a vertical position.
In one embodiment, the baseline is quantized to allow identification and analysis of departures from normal performance. For example, an improving condition may be denoted as a reduced differential between the baseline and a measured condition of autonomic tone and activity level.
Using an accelerometer, an activity level can be described by comparing measured accelerations with predetermined acceleration thresholds while engaged in that activity or condition for a predetermined period of time. For example, the user can be described as "at rest" when an acceleration level remains below a particular minimum level for a minimum time period. Discrete acceleration levels may be derived from an average measured acceleration for a window having a predetermined width in time. Filters and other functions may be applied to the acceleration levels to quantify a measured parameter.
In one embodiment, the activity level is determined based on a measurement of an autonomic tone. For example, when autonomic tone is measured at a predetermined level, data corresponding to a measured activity level is stored in a memory. Other methods of separating autonomic tone by activity level are also contemplated.
In one embodiment, analysis of a trend in data is performed. Trend analysis includes evaluating changes in the patient's baseline over a period of time. Trends can be evaluated based on comparisons with data from the patient or from a selected population.
In one embodiment, a range of activity levels is established for a particular patient. For example, the functional capacity range, which describes the difference between a rest activity level and a highest exertion activity level, is separated into predetermined divisions. In one embodiment, the functional capacity range is quartiled. The range then provides a means for classifying autonomic tone by activity level.
In one embodiment, multiple baselines are established for a particular patient. For example, in one embodiment, a resting baseline and a maximum exertion baseline is created at the time of implantation of the present subject matter. After a predetermined period of time, the resting baseline and maximum exertion baseline data are compared with current measurements.
In one embodiment, when the relationship between autonomic tone and exertion level (or activity level) indicates an unhealthy or dangerous condition, a warning signal is generated. The warning signal can be provided to the patient, physician or to a monitoring facility. The warning signal provided to a patient may be, for example but not limited to, in the form of a tactile message or audible message and delivered by means of a suitable transducer. The level at which a warning signal is generated, in one embodiment, is selectable by, for example, programming. The warning signal may be tailored to provide notice upon detecting a severely out of balance condition.
In one embodiment, a comparison is made between a norm for a selected population and that of a particular patient's autonomic tone and exertion level. Normative values permit classifying the health of the patient.
A measure of autonomic tone can be derived from heart rate variability. In one embodiment, heart beats are represented by an R-R chart where the horizontal axis corresponds to beats and the vertical axis to time. A spectral analysis of the R-R data reveals content in different frequency bands, including very low frequency components (typically below 0.04 Hz), low frequency components (typically 0.04-0.15 Hz) and high frequency components (typically 0.15-0.4 Hz). A correlation exists between the power spectral density of high frequency band content and the tone of the parasympathetic nervous system and between the power spectral density of low frequency band content and the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Thus, autonomic tone, according to one embodiment, is a ratio of low frequency signal power to high frequency signal power.
In one embodiment, either or both of the activity sensor and autonomic tone sensor includes a sensor configured to chronically or invasively provide data. In one embodiment, the sensor is included in a housing adapted for implantation. In one embodiment, the sensor is coupled by an electrode to a remote housing that is also implanted.
In one embodiment, the present subject matter evaluates one or more sensors corresponding to autonomic tone or physical activity. For example, in one embodiment, autonomic tone data is derived from both a heart rate sensor providing a signal corresponding to heart rate variability and a drug level sensor providing a signal corresponding to BNP. As another example, in one embodiment, physical activity data is derived from both a stationary treadmill (or other exercise machine) and an accelerometer. In various embodiments, more than one sensor is used to provide autonomic tone data or physical activity data.
In one embodiment, a graphical tool is used to depict autonomic tone data and physical activity data over a period of time. One such tool is an adaptation of a particular histogram sometimes referred to as a footprint. Commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,026,320, 5,603,331, 6,301,499 and 6,529,772 describe footprints and are each incorporated herein by reference. The footprint provides an aggregate picture of autonomic tone (as measured, for example by R-R interval) over a period of time.
The footprint, in one embodiment, includes a histogram having a vertical axis corresponding to the absolute value of the difference between adjacent R-R intervals and the horizontal axis corresponding to R-R interval in milliseconds. In one embodiment, the histogram is calibrated in terms of a heart rate with horizontal axis dimensions in milliseconds. The image is a histogram of the occurrence of coded values with each value denoted by the height of the histogram at those locations. During a 24 hour period, for example, all sinus beats are captured and the lowest heart rate achieved appears on the left hand side and the highest rate achieved appears on the right. The difference between the highest and lowest rate corresponds to breadth of heart rate reserve. Increased heart rate variability is indicated by an increased height of the footprint. Greater cardiac reserve is indicated on the footprint by greater width. A mean heart rate is sometimes shown on the footprint with a vertical line.
Other periods of time for the footprint are also contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, weekly, monthly or annual average footprint data is compiled.
The footprint is adapted to illustrate physical activity data corresponding to the autonomic tone data. Various methods can be used to depict the physical activity level and autonomic tone data. In one method, physical activity data is mapped to a predetermined variable. The footprint images are created continuously and thus, at each activity level, a new image is created. This method provides a histogram having three dimensions where the third dimension represents an activity level. For example, over a 24 hour period, one embodiment of the present subject matter yields a footprint having a melon-shaped region with different slices through the region corresponding to different physical activity levels for the period. In one embodiment, a slice through the left most edge of the region, corresponds to autonomic tones at a low activity level occurring throughout the 24 hour period and a slice through the right most edge of the region corresponds to autonomic tones at a high activity level occurring throughout the 24 hour period.
In one method, the footprint is presented as a color coded histogram overlaid atop a grey scale where different colors correspond to different physical activity levels.
In one embodiment, an instantaneous physical activity level is compared with autonomic tone. In one embodiment, a processor controlled algorithm is used to determine an activity level. For example, in one embodiment, a time frame is established and a physical activity level is recognized when a sensor reading has stabilized to within a predetermined range of values. In one embodiment, a stable acceleration level, expressed in milli-G's over a predetermined time period of 30 seconds is associated with a recognized activity level. For each recognized activity level, an autonomic tone metric is also recorded. In one embodiment, an average or minimum duration is taken as a valid reading of physical activity.
Other filtering means are also contemplated for capturing valid data and suppressing spurious readings. For example, a minimum acceleration sensor signal level can be established for a minimum duration. In various embodiments, different windows of time are prescribed wherein, for example, a minimum activity for a period of one second, 30 seconds or one minute window is a recognized duration. For example, in one embodiment, an acceleration in the range of 10 to 20 milli-Gs lasting for a duration between 2 and 3 minutes is deemed to be a valid activity level. Other bands of acceleration magnitudes and duration are also contemplated.
In one embodiment, a predetermined signal received from a first activity sensor is used to recognize a minimum activity level and a second activity sensor is then correlated with a measured autonomic tone.
In one embodiment, a combination of multiple activity sensors are mapped to an activity index. The activity index is correlated with an autonomic tone measurement.
In various embodiments, the stored data is available for managing therapy and later analysis. The stored data is available for further analysis by a remotely located processor. In one embodiment, a monitor provides storage for the autonomic tone and physical activity data.
In one embodiment, a physical activity sensor is coupled to an exercise machine and an autonomic tone sensor is implanted in a patient. The autonomic tone sensor data is communicated to an external device by a telemetry circuit. A remote processor, coupled by a network connection receives both the physical activity sensor data and the autonomic tone sensor data. The remote processor executes programming to diagnose the received data. In one embodiment, therapy instructions are transmitted from the remote processor, via the network, to an implanted therapy circuit. In one embodiment, an implanted processor receives the data from the physical sensor and performs diagnostic functions, manages therapy and stores data. In various embodiments, the exercise machine includes a treadmill, bicycle, climbing machine, weight lifting or weight moving machine, rowing machine or other exercise equipment. In various embodiments, the signal generated by the exercise machine may correlate to a measure of power, calories, speed, oxygen uptake or other measure of physical activity. The exercise machine may be stationary or mobile.
Other combinations are also contemplated. For example, in one embodiment, the physical activity level is measured by an implanted device and an external sensor is used to provide autonomic tone data. As another example, in one embodiment, both the physical activity level and the autonomic tone are measured by an implantable sensor.
In one embodiment, each activity level is correlated with autonomic tone. In one embodiment, autonomic tone is correlated with each activity level.
The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
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Negative - Messerschmitt (FMR) KR-200 Cabin Scooter Micro Car, Manufactured in Germany, circa 1959 Reg. No: MM 067158
- Description Of Content:
- Detail of Fichtel & Sach 200 c.c. single-cylinder two-stroke fan-forced air-cooled petrol engine and four-speed manual gearbox in rear engine bay of Messerschmitt model KR 200 3-wheel light motor car. Manufactured by Fahrzeug und Maschinenbau GMBH, at Regensburg, Federal Republic of Germany, in 1959.
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|Themes this item is part of:
|Messerschmitt Cabin Scooter, Public Life & Institutions Collection
|Primary Classification:
|Secondary Classification:
|Motor Vehicles
|Tertiary Classification:
|motor cars
|NEGATIVES: Black & White
|Place & Date Created:
|Victoria, Australia, 1983
|Manufacturer of Item Depicted:
|Fichtel & Sachs A-G, Regensburg, Bavaria, West Germany, 1959
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Charge: Simple physical assault
When reported: Sept. 10 at 4:45 p.m.
Location: 100 block of Shaw Street, Jonesville
Details: Sherry Richardson Hutchens, 45, of Jonesville, was charged with one count of simple physical assault of striking another in the face.
Charge: Assault with a deadly weapon, hit and run, injury to personal property
When reported: Sept. 10 at 11:15 a.m.
Location: 600 block of Country Club Drive, State Road
Details: Mary Jennifer Renegar, 37, was charged with assault with a deadly weapon, hit and run, and injury to personal property.
Charge: Possessing stolen property, driving with license revoked, display of fictitious plate, unlawfully obtaining credit card and obtain property by false pretense .
When reported: Sept. 14, 3:44 p.m.
Location: Jordans Shopping Center, Jonesville
Details: Alisa Madacsi Scheiber, also known as Alisa Smith, was charged with possession of stolen property, driving with revoked license, and display of fictitious plate, unlawfully obtaining credit card and obtaining property by false pretense.
Charge: Possession of Schedule IV
When reported: Sept. 15 at 4:41 p.m.
Location: 600 block of Swan Creek Road, Jonesville
Details: Alton Wayne Propst, 28, of Elkin, was charged with possession of schedule IV.


text:
Chinga Masam or Chingam Month is the first month in traditional Malayalam calendar of Kerala. In 2014, Chinga Masam starts on August 17 and ends on 16 September. Malayalam calendar or Kolla Varsham begins on Chingam 1 or the first day of the Chingam month.
Chingam month 1 marks the beginning of Kolla Varsham 1190 (Malayalam calendar 2014-2015).
Onam or Thiruonam is the biggest of all festivals of Chingam month as well as of all festivals in Kerala.
Chinga Masam corresponds with Tamil month of Avani masam. In 2014, Chingam month coincides with Shravan Month and Bhadrapada month in Marathi, Telugu, Gujarati, and Kannada panchanga. Bengali month of Bhadra Mash is the corresponding month of Malayalam Chingam month. In Hindi calendars, mostly it corresponds with Bhadrapada Month in 2014.


text: No recent wiki edits to this page. Noob Saibot from Mortal KombatIf one comes to battle with Noob Saibot, they'll duke it out in this relativity unassuming 2D arena. The background appears to be the far background of the Balcony stage in MK3, where combatants fight Motaro.Dorfen is not a Swedish word for "lounge" as one might assume... It's actually an anagram of "Forden," the sound designer on the Mortal Kombat series.


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My supervisors have been everything that any research student could dream of and for this I am very grateful to them. They have made my decision to come to Surrey worthwhile.
The School of Law provides a stimulating and supportive environment for postgraduate study. Members of our academic staff have international reputations for research and are experienced legal practitioners, providing consultancy to law firms, governments, non-governmental organisations and businesses around the world. The School of Law also enjoys excellent links with local, national and international legal communities.
As a School of Law doctoral student, you will be part of a thriving community of researchers engaged in a wide range of projects, usually joining a subject or research group as well as participating alongside academic staff in the activities of the School of Law.
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Research training is selected from the University's excellent offerings, and is supplemented by law-specific seminars. Our PhD researchers also organise and run their own annual research conference and attend research group seminars.
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School of Law lecturer Luke Mason wins renowned national teaching award.
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Key research areas in the School of Law include corporate and commercial law, corruption research, criminal law, environmental law, European law, international law and public law.


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Letters to the editor
How money works
I recently got this summary from a friend with a good sense of how money works.
Perhaps this will explain why increasing the taxes on the top wage earners in this country isn't going to solve our problems.
* U.S. Tax revenue: $ 2.170 trillion
* Fed budget: $ 3.82 trillion
* So our new debt is: $ 1.65 trillion
* National debt: $14.271 trillion and rising
* Recent budget cuts: $ 38.5 billion (not trillion)
Let's pretend it's a household budget by getting rid of the trillions and billions:
* Annual family income: $ 21,700
* Money the family spent: $ 38,200
* New debt on the credit card: $ 16,500
* Outstanding balance on the credit card: $142,710
* Total budget cuts so far: $ 38.50
If these were your family finances, what would you do? I'd bet belt-tighten.
Do you see why increasing taxes is not the solution? Even if ALL the tax cuts were eliminated, the increased revenue would not eliminate our debt or curb Washington's desire for more of OUR money to spend. Congress and our President (who didn't mention budget cuts at all in his proposal to avoid the fiscal cliff, and in fact proposed spending more than the tax hikes would bring in) have an addiction to spending on OUR credit card. And why wouldn't they, when they just voted themselves a big pay raise and we don't hold them accountable for anything?
Noelle A. Granger
Chapel Hill
Police cover-up
Numerous questions hang unanswered about the conduct of officer Kelly Stewart in his recent traffic stop of Carlos Riley Jr.
What is almost certain is that Stewart drew his weapon on Riley and shot himself in the leg. To this point, Chief Lopez and the Durham Police Department have covered up everything to do with this "altercation," and The Herald-Sun has accepted their word. There is much 'muck' to 'rake' in the putrid sty on West Chapel Hill Street but seemingly no one at the paper of record is willing to do it.
In the meantime, the 21-year-old Riley sits in Durham County jail with a $1 million bond. He is no danger to society; rather, for the police, he must be kept there because he is a danger to their very tenuous respectability in the public's eyes. For the purveyors of fear, Riley must be kept in jail and portrayed as a menace and threat to public safety in order to justify past and future police violence against the people.
If there were a shred of integrity in the justice system, Riley would be free right now. Pressure must be brought to bear to make this happen sooner rather than later.
Steve Lorenz


text:
In 2014, CBI and Casa de la Paz, a Chilean partner organization, jointly mediated a conflict between a major Chilean forestry company and a small community located next to one of the company's plantations. The process began after the community requested our help in addressing a range of concerns about the company's activities, and the company agreed to engage in a dialogue process.
The community's primary concerns included:
- The potential environmental impacts (e.g. for water resources and soil quality) of the company's eucalyptus plantation;
- The visual impacts of clear-cutting, and the implications of these impacts for the local tourism industry; and
- The potential impacts of chemical herbicides used for weed control, particularly for the health of local residents and the livelihood of local beekeepers.
The parties had been unable to address these issues on their own, and communication between them had broken down. To address the situation, we proposed and implemented a dialogue process structured around the Mutual Gains Approach:
Step 1: Preparation. During this "phase", we interviewed stakeholders from both the community and the company to understand the issues in play and help construct a shared understanding of the problem. We then conducted a joint training to ensure that both sides were prepared to engage in mutual gains negotiation and constructive dialogue.


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Article ID: 247658 - View products that this article applies to.
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We strongly recommend that all users upgrade to Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) version 7.0 running on Microsoft Windows Server 2008. IIS 7.0 significantly increases Web infrastructure security. For more information about IIS security-related topics, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
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When you access the Web server, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) session IDs and other SSL session information are kept in the Schannel cache. You must know the length of time that the SSL session information is cached so that you can set the appropriate length when you develop load-balancing applications that identify separate users based on their SSL session number. You can modify the length of time that the SSL session information is cached for Internet Information Server (IIS) 4.0 and Internet Information Services (IIS) 5.0 with the registry entries that are described in the Modify the SChannel Cache section of this article.
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To modify the length of time that the SSL session information is cached, follow these steps:
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The following are the registry key locations and values:
The default ServerCacheTime and ClientCacheTime values are different by the version of Schannel.dll.
The CacheTime values are as follows:
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The registry key locations apply to all versions of the Schannel cache. Keep the server-side interval short for better management of the overall size of the Schannel cache.
For more information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/265369/ )Internet Explorer renegotiates Secure Sockets Layer connection every two minutes
Article ID: 247658 - Last Review: July 7, 2008 - Revision: 4.1
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Jimi Celeste's workday happens on the red carpet. He doesn't have so much as a cubicle, just a foot of space on which to stand, squished between 20 other grown men with cameras, all shouting, "Over here!"Celeste is a celebrity photographer for the New York-based Patrick McMullan agency, and spends his nights prowling the scene for just the right headshots of big-name stars. But when the cameras stop clicking and the caterers throw out their canapés, Celeste wants to head home to his sanctuary – which is with his dog, Myrtle.
"I have a hectic life," Celeste says. "I like having a dog that isn't going to tell me what to do."
Myrtle, a 2-year-old border collie-shepherd mix, is peaceful, relaxed and loves to sit in her bed when she isn't chasing after pigeons in the dog park. She has been with Celeste, 58, for just a few months. She follows Lacey, a similar-looking border collie-shepherd mix who died at 15 after 13 years with Celeste.
"I was a basket case when I lost Lacey," Celeste says. "When Myrtle came, everything flipped over immediately. It was a complete game-changer. I still have sad Lacey moments, but Myrtle took some of my pain away."
Celeste is an advocate for adoption, and has rescued all of his dogs. He found Myrtle after a search on Craigslist led him to Shepherd's Hope Rescue. He would offer this advice to anyone who's just lost a dog, especially himself.
"You can't just sit around being sad. You're always going to be mourning. There's another life out there that needs to be saved. Myrtle is the dream dog of my life."
Click here to become friends with Jimi and Myrtle on PEOPLEPets.com!
Meet more members in the PEOPLEPets.com community:
Meet a Member: Two PEOPLEPets.com Friends Connect in Real Life
Meet a Member: An American in Florence Buddies Up to a Bunny
Meet a Member: Red Carpet Photographer Finds Love After Loss
Courtesy of Jimi Celeste


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What is the real reason billionaire Philip Anschutz terminated the sale of AEG, the holding company that counts the NHL's Los Angeles Kings, Staples Center, and O2 World in Berlin among its prized assets?
When Anschutz took AEG off the market in mid-March the company's official press release made it seem like the sports and entertainment titan didn't get the right price from the right buyer. Later that same day Anschutz told the L.A. Times he terminated the sale because it had "become a very noisy process."
That struck me as a rather strange reason for a guy like Anschutz to pull the plug — he had Peter Cohen of Blackstone handling the sale (yes, the same gentleman that ran the incredibly successful sale of the Los Angeles Dodgers for Frank McCourt). I mean, did Anschutz actually think that the sale of AEG for perhaps $10 billion would be done via a cone of silence? Especially one that potentially involved a new NFL stadium? Give me a break.
Stranger still, as far as I was concerned, was the reason Anschutz gave for AEG CEO Tim Leiweke's departure: "I think he made his decision based on the fact that I had terminated the process for the sale." Huh?
Here is one of the most powerful and toughest businessmen in the country, a guy who just got out of the hospital from back surgery, saying no mas because the sale process got noisy and he is not sure why his most important employee (who was absent from the conference call) at AEG is bolting? I don't think so.
Here is what I have been hearing from people very close to the situation who would only speak off the record: Anschutz got wind that Leiweke was trying to influence the choice of a buyer for AEG. Anschutz became infuriated and fired him and ended the sale. Makes sense. Why wouldn't Leiweke want to have a say in who bought AEG given he was hoping to stay on? Trouble is Anschutz asked Leiweke to make sales presentations, not try to determine the winner.
Leiweke has a terrific reputation as a salesman. But he may have been too aggressive for Anschutz. Calls I made to AEG and Leiweke over the past couple of days were not returned.


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|Simple human figure
We will be modeling this very simple human figure. This time many details are left out to save time and space. Its assumed that enough knowledge is gained from previous tutorials for readers to understand this stage. Shortcut keys are also left out. Read first the chair modeling tutorial if this comes out too difficult to read.


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Beyonce's Bodyguard is Not Laying The Pipe
A friend hit me up early this morning asking me for my opinion on Beyonce and her bodyguard Julius looking suspicious as they left a hotel in Berlin together. These photos circulated yesterday…I wasn't online all day so I had no idea what she was talking about:
Girl loooong story short…bey and julius were seen leaving a hotel and Julius' lips were covered in red lipstick like he had been kissing somebody. Bey was walking ahead of him with her lips covered with her jacket, like she was purposely tryna hide her lipstick color or something. Girl I'd be a mess if they were f*ckin around omg. Can't wait for u to see them and give ur opinion.
Now, judging from past photos, there is no denying that Beyonce is a sloppy kisser. You know, the type of woman that has to mark her territory. If she wasn't married she'd probably be the type that leaves hair pins on her man's car seat and girlie things around his house just so that other women would know he's seeing somebody. However, Julius is a Downgrade. If Beyonce was to cheat, she'd probably do it with someone who was a step up from her man on the Forbes list, not someone on her payroll.
My Verdict: He looks like he was punched in the lip and she looks like she's hiding a cold sore. No story here folks…
Peep Jay-z in the studio with Robin Thicke laying a verse about Beyonce for a new song below:


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RICIN ON CAPITOL HILL: THE POISON; Ricin, Made From Common Castor Beans, Can Be Lethal but Has Drawbacks as a Weapon
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
Published: February 4, 2004
While ricin is one of the deadliest known poisons, and can be made from common castor beans, it has been used only rarely as a murder or terror weapon.
It is normally just a white protein powder, and its plain appearance has led to false alarms in detecting it.
A speck of pure ricin the size of a grain of salt is enough to kill if it is injected or swallowed, said Dr. Michael P. Allswede, a toxicologist at the Center for Biosecurity at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. But about 10 times that much would be needed if it is inhaled, so sending it through the mail is not as deadly as mailing anthrax, for example.
Even high-quality homemade ricin, if that is what was found in a Senate mailroom on Monday, is only about one-third pure, so a lethal dose would mean inhaling or swallowing at least three times as much as a pure dose.
None of the dozens of Capitol police and Senate staff members who were decontaminated by showering and throwing away their clothes yesterday showed signs of poisoning.
The toxin in castor beans is in the pulp left after the oil is squeezed out. The oil has long been used as a laxative and in paints and lubricants. The beans grow wild in the United States and are farmed in many countries.
There is no antidote for ricin poisoning. Doctors can offer only secondary support like fluids, oxygen and blood pressure drugs.
Ricin (pronounced RICE-in) can cause severe swelling and fluid in the lungs or bleeding in the stomach and intestines, and it destroys the liver and kidneys. A survivor of ricin poisoning would probably have permanent organ damage.
It is not a good battlefield weapon because, unlike hardy anthrax spores, its long, linked proteins break apart in dry, sunny conditions. Unlike nerve gases, it is not easily absorbed through the skin.
''It's best used as an assassination weapon or a food contaminant,'' Dr. Allswede said. ''It needs to be targeted at an individual.''
Last April, French officials were embarrassed when sophisticated tests revealed that a small bottle of powder found in a locker at the Gare de Lyon actually contained ground wheat germ and barley.
Initial tests in March identified it as ricin, which has similar proteins, and officials had boasted that they had probably thwarted a terrorist attack.
It was found during random locker searches when Paris was on a state of high alert because of the Iraq war. Three months earlier, a small amount of ricin had been found in a London apartment used by six North Africans who were arrested because of information gleaned by French police after the arrests of terror suspects in the Paris suburbs.
The most famous ricin murder was that of the Bulgarian dissident, Georgi I. Markov, who was killed in 1978 at a London bus stop by the Bulgarian secret service, apparently to silence his broadcasts on the British Broadcasting Corporation. A platinum pellet injected into Mr. Markov's leg with a spring-loaded umbrella contained a dose of ricin that killed him after three days of intense fever and vomiting.
In the 1990's, American white supremacist groups tried to kill police officers and tax officials by coating doorknobs and steering wheels with homemade ricin, hoping it would be ingested.
The poison has also been used in extortion attempts. Last October, an envelope containing ricin inside a sealed metal container was left at an airport postal building near Greenville, S.C. Accompanying it was a typed letter to the Department of Transportation that was signed ''Fallen Angel.'' The writer claimed to be the owner of a truck fleet and demanded that a change in federal regulations to give drivers 10 hours of sleep between shifts instead of 8 be canceled. On Jan. 8, the Federal Bureau of Investigation offered a $100,000 reward for the arrest of the author.
It is still very easy to find crude amateur recipes for turning castor beans into ricin. They have been printed in books on unconventional weapons like ''Silent Death'' and ''The Poisoner's Handbook,'' and intelligence agencies have said that translations of those recipes have been found in Al Qaeda hideouts.
A five-minute Internet search yesterday produced a kitchen recipe using lye and acetone, which did contain a warning that making it at home could be fatal.
As recently as last year, a 1962 Army patent for making weapons-grade ricin was available on a public computer at the United States Patent Office. That Web page has been closed, but the military's recipe is still available elsewhere on the Internet.
Chart: ''Ricin, Compared With Some Other Killers'' Although highly toxic, ricin is less suitable as a widely distributed weapon than anthrax. AGENT: Ricin CHARACTERISTICS Pellets, mists or powder. Can be inhaled, injected or ingested. Not easily absorbed through skin. A salt-grain-sized amount, if pure, could be fatal. Derived from castor beans. EFFECTS/MORTALITY Toxin. Causes weakness, fever, cough, respiratory distress, internal bleeding, organ failure. High mortality rate, especially from inhalation and injection, lower mortality rate from oral ingestion. SPEED OF EFFECTS Rapid. Symptoms in a few hours. Toxic effects may last up to three days, but damage to organs can last much longer. STABILITY OF AGENT Very stable. Not affected much by extreme temperatures, but breaks down as it dries out, making it difficult to weaponize. Person-to-person transmission is extremely unlikely. DEFENSES AND TREATMENTS No antitoxin or vaccine available. AGENT: Anthrax CHARACTERISTICS Spores in powder or aerosol are inhaled. Occurs naturally and can be refined for weapons. EFFECTS/MORTALITY Bacteria. Cutaneous (skin) anthrax is not lethal; inhalation anthrax results in severe respiratory distress, with a very high mortality rate if not treated. SPEED OF EFFECTS Incubation: 1 to 6 days. Length of illness: 1 to 2 days. Death within 2 to 3 days. STABILITY OF AGENT Spores can live in soil for decades. Sunlight may degrade them. Person-to-person infection is extremely unlikely. DEFENSES AND TREATMENTS Treatable if antibiotics are administered early. Vaccine exists but is not available to the public. AGENT: Smallpox CHARACTERISTICS Disease officially eradicated in 1980; only two stocks remain, in U.S. and Russia, but hidden stocks are feared. Spread by contact with infected persons. EFFECTS/MORTALITY Virus. Causes severe skin rash. Historically, about 1 in 3 die from the infection. SPEED OF EFFECTS Symptoms appear in 12 to 14 days. Rash occurs between the 15th and 30th days of infection. STABILITY OF AGENT Highly contagious. Aerosolized, it is fragile. In experiments, 90 percent of aerosolized smallpox died within 24 hours; ultraviolet light degraded it further. DEFENSES AND TREATMENTS Limited vaccination of health care workers under way. Those vaccinated before eradication may have lost their immunity. Vaccines carry health risks, with rare fatalities. (Sources by Dr. Francis J. DeRoos and Dr. Robert H. Poppenga, University of Pennsylvania; Elisa D. Harris, University of Maryland; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; ''The Survival Guide'' by Dr. Angelo Acquista)


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Oedipus the King
by Sophocles
Oedipus the King Theme of Fate and Free Will
A central theme of the Oedipus the King is the tension between individual action and fate. While free choices, such as Oedipus's decision to pursue knowledge of his identity, are significant, fate is responsible for Oedipus's incest and many of the other most critical and devastating events of the play. By elevating the importance of fate, Sophocles suggests that characters cannot be fully responsible for their actions. It becomes difficult, for example, to blame Oedipus for marrying mother given his ignorance.
Questions About Fate and Free Will
- Do some characters seem to control their fates more than others? If so, how do they do it?
- Discuss Oedipus's understanding of his own destiny. How does this change throughout the course of this play?
- How does Oedipus's fate impact the fates of other members of his family?
- Do you think Oedipus would have fulfilled the prophecy of killing his father and sleeping with his mother if his parents hadn't tried to kill him as an infant?
Chew on This
Try on an opinion or two, start a debate, or play the devil's advocate.
Once he is able to recognize his destiny, Oedipus is better able to influence his own life.
Oedipus is not limited by fate, rather by the knowledge of his fate.


text: On Mon, May 23, 2005, First Midwest Bank wrote: > [IMAGE] > Dear First Midwest Bank customer, > We recently reviewed your account, and suspect that your First Midwest > Internet Banking account may have been accessed by an unauthorized third > party. I'm new to this list and I was just wondering when I can expect my official misc credit card. Maybe someone could just post the number, because we really need some new furniture. Thanks.


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Click Here to Watch the Whole Video in HD at Working Men XXX
Hard working, ragged, never pretty, average guys.
The 3 construction buddies finally got up enough nerve (and had enough liquor) to do this session. There's no sex between them, just good ol' boy silliness and rough-housing. This was blake's last day in atlanta and they had been celebrating for some time. Three great guys!
Pixels: 320X240 | Bitrate: 350K
Pixels: 640X480 | Bitrate: 700K


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Record and monitor IPTV
Call: 1-877-762-7787
SnapStream IPTV lets you ingest and record several IP Streams simultaneously in UDP multicast and build an extensive TV archive with up to 36TB available on a single unit. From those recordings, you can search TV by keyword, create unlimited clips, share clips to the cloud and repurpose content with ShowSqueeze. Cluster multiple SnapStream Nodes to expand inputs and storage. Access SnapStream IPTV from your PC, Mac or iPad.
Contact our team about SnapStream IPTV.


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Bio: After joining the University of Michigan Alumni Association, L. Allen Stovey spent five years editing automotive manuals and writing trade magazine articles at Chilton Publishing. During this time he won The Chilton Editorial Excellence Award, and the Jesse H. Neal Award for best how to series in Automotive Marketing Magazine.
For ten years L. Allen managed publications at two large corporations, including Bell and Howell Company.
Recently, L. Allen spent full time writing several mystery and thriller novels. In Danger's Way is his first published work.


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(First instructable, comments and criticisms appreciated!)
Step 1: The Goods (Materials and Tools)
The goods:
Instant glue of some sort (Krazy glue, etc.)
Fabric of your choice (an old stained shirt in my case)
Speakers (only one pictured)
Tweezers (I used two, one with a slant-point and another with needle-points)
Knife or razor blade
Optional but recommended:
Some funky beats to work with
Step 2: Speaker Disassembly
Points to watch out for:
You need to first find the points at which the face is connected to the rest of the speaker, and this can be a pain sometimes. The speakers I did this on fortunately were attached with clips that I just pried open and popped. For some speakers there might be screws holding them in place, which would tear the plastic if you just tried to pop it up. Inspect carefully.
Step 3: Fabric Removal
Step 4: Size Fabric
Make sure that you leave plenty of room around the edges, because in the upcoming steps you will need some room to grab onto, as well as enough fabric to cover the sides and a portion of the reverse side.


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Latino Life
Elaine Ayala comments on Latino news, cultura y más.
Posts filtered on Tag
Hinojosa, Muñoz to receive national Hispanic honors
Hinojosa was cited as a major proponent of the STEM Act in Congress and the Hispanic Heritage Foundation's award-winning STEM work with ExxonMobil. [Read More]
Manuel Berriozábal, mathematician and rock star
UTSA math professor established a STEM program before STEM was cool, and before it became a national priority. [Read More]
Chicana St. Mary's grad to lead national science group
'I love science because science creates knowledge, and I absolutely love working with students,' Garza said. [Read More]
Chrysler's Diaz delivers gift and a San Antonio promise
"My heart belongs to San Antonio, and we plan to come back home some day and spend the rest of our lives here." [Read More]


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Combined candle and holder therefor
Résumé disponible en
Revendications disponible en
Description (Le texte OCR peut contenir des erreurs.)
Des. 208,064
Patented July 11, 1967 United States Patent 0 "ice COMBINED CANDLE AND HOLDER THEREFOR Jens H. Quistgaard, Meggen, Lucerne, Switzerland, as-
signor to Dansk Designs Ltd., Mount Kisco, N.Y., a corporation of New York Filed May 3, 1966, Ser. No. 2,149
Term of patent 14 years (Cl. D48-2) FIG. 2
References Cited FIG. 1 is a side elevation of my improved combined candle and holder therefor;
ms m mum Pun at T A Tm S D H Eoo T M m 6 7 2 5 D FIG. 2 is a top plan view thereof; and
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view thereof.
The dominant features of the design reside in the portions shown in full lines.
Gifts and Decorative Accessories, January 1966, page 109, candle and stand by Sun G10 at extreme right of page.
I claim:
The ornamental design for a combined candle and holder therefor, as shown and described.
WALLACE R. BURKE, Primary Examiner.
WILLIAM C. WATSON, Assistant Examiner.
Référencé par
Image d'origine
Faire pivoter


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UN bid leads to settlement expansion
Posted on Wednesday, December 5, 2012 at 8:47 PM
Author: Sierra Birx (news editor)
On Nov. 29, just eight days after the eight day battle between Israel and Gaza, Palestine's standing in the U.N. was elevated in a landslide vote. The vote, which gave Palestine the title of "non-member observer state", was won after Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas spoke to the U.N. in a General Assembly meeting. Among the nine dissenters were the United States and Israel, claiming the new title would not lead to peace. The majority of U.N. members, 138 countries, voted in favor of the bid, while there were 41 abstentions, including Germany and Britain.
While securing an easy vote that moves Palestine from non-observer entity to non-observer state status suggests the world may be ready to welcome a Palestinian state. Without the approval of the Security Council of the U.N., however, Palestine's statehood is far from confirmed.
Israel's vote against Palestine's status as a "non-member observer state" may not come as any surprise, but Israel's prime minister insists that he welcomes an independent Palestinian state as long as peace can be secured for Israel.
"Israel is prepared to live in peace with a Palestinian state, but for peace to endure, Israel's security must be protected. The Palestinians must recognize the Jewish state and they must be prepared to end the conflict with Israel once and for all," Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said, according to cnn.
This statement comes after comments from Hamas reflect a Palestinian sect unwilling to recognize the Jewish state. A member of Hamas' political bureau, Izzat Al-Rashq, wrote on his Facebook page calling for a Palestinian state whose territory encompasses land now belonging to Israel.
The U.S. opposition comes from the worry that this step may lead Palestine and Israel to continue to halt negotiations, the last of which were in 2010.
This vote gives U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and others new hope of a possible two-state solution in which Palestine and Israel coexist. However for a Palestinian state to exist, the U.N. Security Council must agree on the proposal, and Israel and Palestine must make an effort to begin negotiations again.
Israel's Response
While the dust was still settling from the Palestinian's U.N. bid, Israel announced its intentions of expanding settlements into the West Bank and East Jerusalem, a move that some say will endanger the two-state proposal the U.N. vote opened up.
"We deplore the recent Israeli government decision to build 3,000 new housing units and unfreeze development in the E1 block (of East Jerusalem). This threatens the viability of the two-state solution," Britain's Foreign and Commonwealth Office said in a statement, according to msnbc.
The E1 block is a five square-mile area in East Jerusalem, given that name by Israel for a possible settlement area. If, in fact, Israel did build a settlement in that area, it would mean a connected Palestinian state could not exist due to the land lying between Jerusalem and the already established Jewish settlement of Maaleh Adumim.
Just after the vote had won the Palestinians their enhanced status in the U.N., Palestinian Authority chief negotiator Saeb Erakat believed the vote would mean any attempt by Israel to expand their settlements in occupied territory would be illegitimate. Netanyahu, however, felt the bid put no such restrictions on Israel's settlement plans.
"No decision by the U.N. can break the 4,000-year-old bond between the people of Israel and the land of Israel," Netanyahu said.
As with the Palestinian bid, the U.S. main concern in Israel's decision to go forward with settlement plans is that negotiations would be unlikely to resume.
"We believe these actions are counterproductive and make it harder to resume direct negotiations or achieve of a two state solution," White House spokesman Tommy Vietor said.
The U.S. fears of a prolonged stall in negotiations are likely if Israel goes ahead with it's plan of building 3,000 new homes. This is especially true since building is set to begin in a territory they would like to see apart of their new state.


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Weakening Ruble Not a Signal of Instability, Siluanov Tells RIA
May 31 (Bloomberg) -- The weakening of the ruble corresponds with the monetary policy of Russia's central bank, Finance Minister Anton Siluanov told RIA Novosti.
"The ruble exchange rate, which has significantly dropped today, remains inside the limits set by the Central Bank," Siluanov said. "It's wrong to talk about instability, risks and a worsening outlook."
The ruble lost 2.2 percent to 33.48 per dollar by the close in Moscow, extending its monthly drop to 12 percent, the most of 25 emerging-market currencies tracked by Bloomberg and sharpest drop since January 2009.
To contact the reporter on this story: Ksenia Galouchko in Moscow at firstname.lastname@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Gavin Serkin at email@example.com


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So, what does this say about the American people, the brain-dead consumers addicted to a one-day extreme low price tag, mass-marketed
pimped into herd behavior as workers toil for low wages, little opportunity for advancement, and hours kept low to ensure no access to health care while the Walton family rakes in billions?
I guess we have the answer — even from those who should care — as the big box retailer had nothing to fear as workers and supporters picketed outside many Walmarts today. This is depressing.
"Walmart cuts hours and benefits to push people out," said Tammy [who toiled for 12 years as a Walgreens cashier], using her phone to capture video of the protest. "It's the same thing at Walgreens. The workers are suffering while billionaires make all the money."
But despite her professed anger at corporate greed, Tammy — who declined to provide her last name lest she jeopardize her job — was not deterred from entering Walmart to purchase a TV on a layaway plan. Her own low wages made her feel a sense of community with the striking Walmart workers, but those same wages also generated pressure to find and buy goods at low prices — precisely the demand that Walmart has fed to turn itself into the world's largest retailer.
"You gotta go where the sales are," Tammy said. "Today at Walgreens every toy was half off. I had to work a 12-hour shift, and they didn't pay me enough. But I can't tell shoppers, 'Don't come in.' I'd lose my job."
The company has posted record Black Friday sales.
Today, Walmart U.S. reported its best ever Black Friday events. The retailer saw larger crowds than last year and a huge response to its first ever one-hour guarantee on key electronic items.
"I'm so proud of what our more than 1.3 million associates have done to prepare and execute our Black Friday plans, giving our customers a great start to their Christmas shopping season," said Bill Simon, Walmart U.S. president and chief executive officer. "The work of our associates is even more impressive when you consider they served approximately 22 million customers on Thursday."
Walmart's Black Friday plan included three events this year at 8 p.m., 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. During the high traffic period from 8 p.m. through midnight, Walmart processed nearly 10 million register transactions and almost 5,000 items per second.
…About Walmart Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. (NYSE: WMT) helps people around the world save money and live better – anytime and anywhere – in retail stores, online, and through their mobile devices. Each week, more than 200 million customers and members visit our 10,400 stores under 69 banners in 27 countries and e-commerce websites in 10 countries. With fiscal year 2012 sales of approximately $444 billion, Walmart employs more than 2.2 million associates worldwide. Walmart continues to be a leader in sustainability, corporate philanthropy and employment opportunity.
UPDATE: This apathy has, sadly, occurred and will occur again; it can only be stopped with persistence at a magnitude that cuts through the spin and inertia. A Facebook friend of mine, NC pol Dan Besse, placed this consumer behavior in an interesting and familiar context.
It's the inevitable math of boycotts. Take the Chic-fil-a deal. They didn't need the support of most people to make big bucks. They only needed the enthusiasm of a biased minority. It would have taken the active support of an overwhelming supermajority of the public to make a real dent in the Wal-mart numbers. That's an extremely difficult challenge, especially when a large number of the shoppers you'd need to reach are not tracking progressive political commentary to start with.
- Chick-fil-A has given at least $5 million to anti-gay organizations, including known hate groups and proponents of ex-gay therapy, since 2003, including almost $2 million in both 2009 and 2010.
- Chick-fil-A has a 0 rating on the Human Rights Campaign's Corporate Equality Index, which signifies that the company does not offer one protection, one benefit, or even one diversity training for its LGBT employees.
- Chick-fil-A founder Truett Cathy openly admitted that he would probably fire any employee who "has been sinful or done something harmful to their family members."
- It has recently come to light (thanks to Jeremy Hooper) that current Chick-fil-A president Dan Cathy has used the following language to describe supporters of same-sex marriage:
- "We are inviting God's judgment on our nation when we shake our fist at Him and say 'we know better than you as to what constitutes a marriage."
- "I pray God's mercy on our generation that has such a prideful, arrogant attitude to think that we have the audacity to define what marriage is about."
- "We see all the twisted up kind of stuff that's going on. Washington trying to redefine the definition of marriage and all the other kinds of things."
- "We are suffering the consequences of a society and culture who has not acknowledged God or not thanked God—he's left us to a deprived mind. It's tragic and we live in a culture of that today."
Asking the masses to pay attention to, let alone address certain social justice issues by interrupting their routines and proclivities in any way, even a minor one, is sadly difficult. Not impossible, but even in this interconnected world, people see what they want to see to justify turning a blind eye to all sorts of things.


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Differential equations for engineers does justice to its name. This is a book intended for those interested in differential equations and their real world applications. Since the book is targeted towards engineers and not math majors, it is worth mentioning that the author does a nice job of presenting the bare minimum details of the proofs for almost every topic discussed in the book without presenting all the gory details.
It begins with good motivation: several appealing applications of differential equations that cover a variety of disciplines ranging from electrical to civil engineering. Other applications are discussed in subsequent chapters as well. In particular, I find solving problems such as water purification in a stream using differential equations quite interesting. In a certain sense, this could stimulate the minds of readers and introduce them to solving problems motivated by phenomena in biology using the approach of mathematical modeling. The water purification problem can be considered as analogous to problems associated with purification of blood in certain disease states.
Some of the chapters contain identical example problems. For instance, the examples used to discuss the Laplace transform in Chapter 6 complement those in chapter 5 and could help the reader identify different methods used by linear differential equation solvers. One of the major highlights of this book is Chapter 10, where extremely clear schematics illustrate the different numerical methods of Euler, Runge Kutta (RK), etc. The figure illustrating the RK method is one of the best I have ever encountered in any book on numerical analysis for undergraduates. The final chapter, on solving differential equations with Maple, is useful and should help the reader become aware of differential equation solver packages. The summary section at the end of every chapter serves to provide a nice overview about all the topics discussed.
This is an interesting book, with well explained concepts and good examples in every chapter, some of which are rarely found in textbooks of differential equations. Some of the chapters on applications could raise important questions and lead to interesting thoughts on how mathematical modeling can help solve real-world problems. This may not be the right book for Math majors to learn about differential equations, because most of the proofs are not rigorous and are at times oversimplified. On the other hand, since the book targets engineering students, it is understandable and full of nice examples.
Lakshmi Chandrasekaran (email@example.com) is a postdoctoral fellow at the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center. She works in Mathematical and Computational Neuroscience. Whenever she has some free time she like to read pretty much anything and to listen to music.
1. Introduction; 2. First-order and simple higher-order differential equations; 3. Applications of first-order and simple higher-order equations; 4. Linear differential equations; 5. Applications of linear differential equations; 6. The Laplace transform and its applications; 7. Systems of linear differential equations; 8. Applications of systems of linear differential equations; 9. Series solutions of differential equations; 10. Numerical solutions of differential equations; 11. Partial differential equations; 12. Solving ordinary differential equations using Maple; Appendix A. Tables of mathematical formulas.


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continued "Unfortunately, these levels are significantly above national averages, so communities still have work to do," he said. "Especially troubling is that more than one in five seventh and eighth graders report riding in a car or truck in the past 30 days with a driver who has been drinking.
"We know that youth binge drinking and other drug abuse closely parallels adult binge drinking and drug abuse," he added. "Adults in our communities need to mobilize and take action on a community level to change the conditions that support substance abuse and insure that our small towns and villages are great places for families and kids.
"Ticonderoga is taking an important step in this positive direction," MacDevitt said.
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Woman Fucks Her Hot Man In The Bathroom
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Luscious wife has her first fuck on camera and forgets its there as she gets into making love.
A combo vid, a great bathroom fuck session between a very sexy couple followed by an explosive public service announcement.
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Grading the Caps at the All-Star Break
- Brooks Laich, like most of the Capitals forwards, is struggling to match his performance from last season. (Photo: Associated Press)
We'll return to Wizards Road Watch momentarily, but first let's revisit the Washington Capitals. The Caps wrapped up the unofficial first half of their season Wednesday night with a 1-0 loss to the Atlanta Thrashers. Washington enters the All-Star break, which lasts through this Monday, with 63 points from 51 games. Though the Caps are still on pace for a 101-point season, they currently sit four points behind the Tampa Bay Lightning in the race for the Southeast Division lead and if the season ended today, Washington would be the fifth seed in the Eastern Conference and face a grueling first-round matchup against the Pittsburgh Penguins in the Stanley Cup Playoffs.
Sounds slightly disconcerting, doesn't it? But it hasn't all been bad for the Capitals, as we'll see in my midterm grades, which are coming after the jump.
Grade: B+
Whatever other issues you might have with the way Capitals general manager George McPhee's put together this team, you can't fault him for deciding to go with a tandem of 22-year-old goalkeepers to start the season. McPhee's gamble has paid off admirably, as Michal Neuvirth and Semyon Varlamov have been the most consistent performers in Washington's squad. Over his 17 starts Varlamov ranks fourth in the NHL among all goalies in save percentage (.927, 40 goals allowed in 548 shots) and in goals against average (2.16). Neuvirth, who was named NHL Rookie of the Month in October and has made 10 more starts in net than Varlamov, has a slightly higher GAA (2.55, 19th among all goalies) and a lower save percentage (.911, 27th among all goalies with 68 goals in 698 shots), but has proven to be an adequate stand-in, along with sometime minor league call-up Braden Holtby.
Grade: B
This unit suffered with the loss of Tom Poti, who's only played 21 games this year, but got a nice upgrade with the trade of Tomas Fleischmann for Scott Hannan, who's become a dependable third-pairing partner for John Erskine. Mike Green is the lone All-Star from this group, even though he's on pace to record half of the 76 points he racked up in 2009-10. But the real standout performers are John Carlson and Karl Alzner, who rank third and fourth on the team in +/- (Carlson with a +13, Alzner with a +10) behind only Alexander Ovechkin and Nicklas Backstrom. Carlson might feel justifiably miffed to be left out of this weekend's festivities in Raleigh, but no doubt he'll he proud of his first-half performance as part of a unit that's giving up 0.31 fewer goals per game than last season (2.53 this season, 2.84 in 2009-10).
Grade: D
As I pointed out earlier this week, the Capitals are averaging almost exactly one fewer goal per game than last season's record-setting bunch. While it is tempting to set everything at the feet of the two Alexes (Ovechkin and Semin), the fact of the matter that the entire offense is, relatively speaking, experiencing a power outage. Brooks Laich, for example, has scored three goals since December 1. Mike Knuble is on pace to record his lowest goal-scoring total since the 2001-02 season. Eric Fehr's shoulder injury doesn't help matters, but he was also on pace to score 16 goals even before his injury, five fewer than the 21 goals he notched in 2009-10. One of the few bright spots has been watching the development of Swedish rookie center Marcus Johansson, but even he's only recorded two points since January 14. It's been that kind of year for the Capitals forwards.