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Climbing the Great Wall of Trust
New research from Assistant Professor Roy Y.J. Chua investigates the difficulties for foreigners doing business in China, and what they can do to overcome the challenge. Key concepts include:
- Foreign businesspeople must learn their way around Chinese cultural customs and the importance of personal relationships and trust in order to be successful in that country.
- For companies doing business in China, one solution might be to consciously hire executives of Chinese ancestry in key roles or placing more emphasis and attention on cultural sensitivity.
- The researchers believe that similar dynamics are likely to rule in any business situation that mixes partners from different cultures or countries.
In recent conversations with US executives doing business in China, Harvard Business School Assistant Professor Roy Y.J. Chua heard about a new trend. In an East Asian version of cutting deals on the golf course, Chinese executives often take partners to teahouses to discuss business and negotiate deals. The problem, according to these executives, is that foreigners are rarely invited.
"It's really a perception that foreigners can't appreciate the culture," says Chua. In practice, it means that foreign businesspeople are at a disadvantage compared with peers of Chinese ethnicity. "It's a gap that might make you less competitive compared with someone who is of the same ethnic culture."
"To the extent that you could speak the language or demonstrate a certain level of understanding of culture, that might help."
As China becomes increasingly important to the world economy, it's getting more essential that global executives learn their way around Chinese cultural customs in order to be successful in that country. While every country has its version of the "old boys network" that defines in- and out-groups in business, Chinese culture puts particular emphasis on personal relationships.
"It's taken to a different level in China," says Chua. "Because of the lack of a strong legal infrastructure, people have to rely on those they know very well to get things done." There's even a name for the phenomenon, guanxi: a folk concept that means loyalty to people from the same village, but extends outward in principle to emphasize trusted personal relationships in every aspect of society.
In a paper published in the December 2011 Journal of International Business Studies, Chua looks at just how important this concept is to the Chinese—and how foreign businesspeople might overcome the challenge. The paper, "Effects of Cultural Ethnicity, Firm Size, and Firm Age on Senior Executives' Trust in Their Overseas Business Partners: Evidence from China, written with Crystal Jiang of Bryant University, Masaaki Kotabe of the Fox School of Business, and Janet Murray of the University of Missouri—St. Louis, explores the role that trust plays in forming bonds across cultures and national borders—an area that has received surprisingly scant attention in our globalized economy.
Types of trust
Building on past research, Chua and his colleagues investigate two types of trust: cognitive trust, which is based on confidence in a partner's technical competency, and affective trust, which is based on a shared concern for a partner's welfare and personal interests. "Cognitive trust is trust from the head; it's a very rational way of assessing ability and reliability," says Chua. "Affective trust is trust that comes from the 'heart.' This type of trust involves considerable emotional investments."
To test the relationship between those two types of trust, the researchers conducted extensive interviews with 108 Chinese senior executives from a random sample of firms in mainland China. In each interview, the researchers asked the executives to think of two overseas partners—one of Chinese ethnicity and the other of a different (non-Chinese) ethnicity. Participants were then asked a series of questions on a five-point scale about how much they could rely on those partners to complete tasks effectively (in order to measure cognitive trust), and how much the partners shared the same goals and feelings (in order to measure affective trust). These questions were asked among many other questions involving the firms' innovative capabilities and client relationships so that it was not obvious to the interviewees that the researchers were focusing on trust.
The results were striking. Affective trust, that from the heart, in overseas partners of Chinese ancestry was 33 percent higher than it was in the partners from other cultures. Even more important, however, was the influence of cognitive from-the-head trust. Far from being a cool, rational appraisal of a partner's ability, it was highly influenced by "trust from the heart" when dealing with someone from the same culture. In statistical terms, there was a 64 percent correlation between affective and cognitive trust for same-culture partners, but only an 8 percent correlation for those of a different culture.
Moreover, when that trust has been established, the research showed that it was much more fragile for those of a different ethnicity and more easily disrupted by external factors such as the size of a firm. For instance, in general, the larger the Chinese firm, the less its executives developed cognitive trust (but not affective trust) in their overseas partners, because they had more resources and thus less need to rely on those partners. However, when the overseas partners were of non-Chinese ethnicity, executives of large Chinese firms trusted them even less.
Building trust
While such findings makes sense intuitively—we are all more partial to trusting those with whom we share values and background—the size of the correlation shows the height of the Great Wall that foreign executives must scale in proving themselves to their Chinese partners.
"That affective-trust deficit means when you try to build relationships across cultural lines, you have to deal with the fact that executives from other cultures are not going to engage with you on a social-emotional level as well," says Chua. "You have to start thinking about how you can build that level of trust."
For companies doing business in China, one solution might be to consciously hire executives of Chinese ancestry in key roles in which trust is important to establishing effective business relationships. But it might also mean placing more emphasis and attention on cultural sensitivity to bridge that affective-trust gap.
"To the extent that you could speak the language or demonstrate a certain level of understanding of culture, that might help," says Chua.
While those tactics might be especially vital in doing business in China, Chua continues, they are important to keep in mind in any business situation that mixes partners from different cultures or countries.
"Our data is only from China, so there is no concrete evidence yet for other cultures, but the theory is not culture specific," he says. "We can't be definitive that this exact pattern of findings would play out in India, for instance, but the hypothesis was developed without any specific culture in mind. China was our first test bed."
After all, every culture has its exclusive cultural rituals. Those who strive to succeed our globalized economy may just be those who can swing a golf club and appreciate a cup of tea with equal ability.
- Anonymous
If this article was about white people's interesting habit of doing business with other white people be called racism? Why is this written as if it's an interesting fluke that everyone should do their best to "fit in" uncle tom style. This is proof of deeply ingrained racism that we all knew (Japanese, Africans, Americans for a couple of examples) existed but could not put a finger on stats. This article is helpful in that respect. Simply look at how Gary Locke is received. To add insult to injury the most common complaint I hear in China is that, "we treat white people too nicely and are not fair to Asians". How can racism occur at the level with the common belief that it not only does not exist but, in fact, is the opposite. Chinese are somehow racist against their own people? You hit a very good topic here
- Jerry Zremski
- Washington bureau chief, The Buffalo News
This is very important research exploring the impact of something very basic -- human nature -- on business relations in China. As a reporter, I've encountered American business people who have struggled with the very different Chinese business culture, and Professor Chua's research sheds light on that struggle.
- Anonymous
Without reading the actual study, a review of this article is the only basis of my conclusion. Old Boys network or not, we have networks from our universities here, Frat brothers or Sorority sisters, and even Army buddies. It appears that this understanding of the "Chinese tea house" is no different. Any Americans should know this intuitively. Good to see that there may be some studies supporting it.
- Maria Botta
- Creative Consultant
This research needs to also examine to what extent gender plays a role. I am almost 100% certain, that as in the West where women are rarely invited to the golf course, women are also rarely invited to teahouses. This is more a study about male trust, not trust in general.
I would also add, that as a woman who has worked in Latin America, more trust is built in face to face meetings and a handshake than anything else.
Maria Botta
- Stewart Hamilton
- Emeritus Professor, IMD
An interesting piece. And accurate in its observations. For your readers who might wish to see details of some more examples of the problems can have a look at my new book (written with Jinxuan Zhang), published this month by Palgrave Macmillan, "Doing Business with China: avoiding the pitfalls"
- Anonymous
I can't help but comment on this brief summary. The company I work for does a decent amount of business in China. We import component parts. We are a small to mid size organization. We hired a supply chain director who originally hails from China. We hired him not only because he is very competent, but also because I hoped he would be able to better navigate the linguistic and cultural nuances. I have been to China with and without him several times over the last two years. We have had lots of tea and fantastic dinners. His one on one negotiations have (I am sure) been smooth because of the cultural background.....BUT all of the tea houses, dinners and cultural background has not helped with improving the performance of our suppliers. They treat our business the same way they treated us when I had non-Chinese running the supply chain group. Still poor quality and late deliveries. So, you can build up all of the trust you want, but I have not seen that trust translate into better results, which is at the end of the day what it is all about.
- Anonymous
I've been living and working in China for the past 7 years, running a JV. So, I too have had many, many, experiences with colleagues in tea houses and the like. Based on this experience, I would concur with much of what the authors observe about intercultural trust. However, I would also concurr with the comment above that all the trust building by both me and my overseas Chinese colleagues hasn't led to improved performance by our local partner. The single most important predictor of their willingness to cooperate remains: do I have a resource that they need. I very much enjoy my colleagues in China and regularly invest in my understanding of Chinese culture by reading the culture's literature and history. These investments making living and working here more comfortable, I suppose. But at the end of the day, collaborating with local businesses is no easier because of my investment, and I don't know a long term expatriate ma nager who would disagree with me.
- colin macdonald
- chairman, clearwater seafoods inc
After having the benefit of travelling in different cultures and lands since I was 18 and doing business on all three major continents (North and South America, Asia and Europe)for over 3 and 1/2 decades as an exporter of Canadian seafoods I have to agree with your findings. Trust across cultures and companies is an extremely fragile component of business and personal relationships and we have found it is best secured by
a) hiring like minded and competent local representatives and empowering them as our management to do business in the language and culture of our customers.
b) adapting to the cultural norms of the country in which we are doing business as opposed to trying to apply our cultural norms.
c) respecting the culture of our customers as if it were our own and as we would ask them to respect ours.
d) over delivering constantly on the promise of our brand to engender trust.
e) quickly and completely accepting our responsibility for any misteps or failures to deliver as promised.
Cultural trust as you indicate is difficult to achieve and spans all nations, religions, colours and creeds. It is the seed stock of our many wars and prejudices and has been the formulator of distance and distrust impeding our progress as a species inhabiting a single fragile planet.
Our business has advanced and grown as our relationships and levels of trust have blossomed. Our quality and performance has improved as our relationships have deepened and we better understand the needs of our customers, partners, suppliers and contracted processors.
In my estimation patience and the golden rule are key to developing successful international business combined with good business intelligence and customer selection.
Trust grows from mutual respect and compatable needs.
- Ram Poddar
- Chairman, Vriddhi Consulting
To my mind, this is a global phenomenon, not particularly with chinese alone. In my experience, having dealt with diffenrent organizations and nationalities accross the world, people tend to have greater confidence and trust in people who are from their own country and similar culture, be it Japanese, British, French, autralians or Americans.
- Gregory Enjalbert
When I hear about tea houses I am a little surprised as having been in Beijing for the past four years my business dealings have never ended up there. Instead most of the relationship building and high level agreements are reached through official to semi-official dinners which usually involve a very large quantity of baijiu (白酒, sorghum based potent alcohol). Maybe it depends on the industry, mine is the railway industry and it is common practice, as well as (unfortunately) chain smoking.
One aspect that I would not totally agree with in terms of improving business through creating cultural links, is that it does not really produce results except to an easier time in your host country. Through creating trust you can end up getting deals that your partner or customer would otherwise have thought about for other companies. Then again, that might depend on the industry. The drawback of the relationship aspect is that you decide to do business exclusively with a partner without doing the necessary due diligence to ensure that you get the best deal.
- Sahat Hutagalung
- Senior Expert, Indonesia Power PT
Yes, I am agree that every culture has its exclusive culture ritual and to succeed the bussiness in globalized econony are importannt to keep in the mind in bussiness situation a mixing beetween partner culture such as swinging a golf club and appreciating of a cup of tea.
- Charles Mwale
- Founder & CEO, Vision Leadership Institute International
In my book,"The Effective Leader", I address the importance of trust. I stress that trust is very essential in both team building and for organization success and effectiveness. Mostly, trust is rooted in relationships. Therefore, it becomes imperative that leaders that aspire to be succesful and effective in business consider ways in which they can build relationships with the intent of fostering trust. One way that leaders could employ to that effect is communicating to the Chinese business community that they respect their views, expertise, way of doing things and also show a willingness to recieve feed back on how best to develop those relationship. Trust building takes time and thus business leaders operating in that region need patience.
- Dennis Nelson
- Quality Lead, SFS
The lessons in the article go much deeper to all relationships, not just those relationships on an international scale; and require appropriate resourcing. Those who strive for success at any level within any geographic area or organizational unit must focus on building trust, first and foremost. Building trust requires many shared experiences which requires much research, introspection, planning, focused interaction, post-analysis and continuous improvement in relating to the other person's perspectives. This always has been true. Some in the past succeeded because of limited competition for their products or services, even with little or no interpersonal abilities. In the future, the "global village" of competition will require competitors to master the art of interpersonal relationships as well as the science of business, whether in an international marketplace or on a team within any organization. More than book or classroom training is needed for these skills; apprenticeships, internships and the like will be required. These represent development costs that must be factored into future organizational budgets whether for short-term projects or long-term strategic leadership in a particular field or business. For the individual, such skill development must be part of the lifelong learning/experience plan, and appropriate time, money and resources allocated to that plan.
- Shameer Khanal
- Senior Advisor, GIZ
It will also be interesting note how a third party cultural references will work in this context. How about a traditionally western business hiring someone from say south or south east asia to work in China, any data available in that context?
I reckon the trust aspect will always generate same trends in ethnically similar context, however in India the result may vary, and that would definitely an interesting avenue to look into.
- Timothy Choi
- Consultant, PTCT - Shanghai / Hong Kong
While cultural proximity can influence how fast trust can be established, the approach is also important. I knew a certain business owner, an overseas Chinese with good command of Putonghua (Mandarin), who rushed into deals with Chinese customers. When disputes arose during project executions, this business owner became mistrustful of the customers. His actions also demonstrated such mistrust. It is not hard to see that the relationships with customers at best would stay at simple transactional basis. No trust can be established with the customers, many of whom are ready to defect as soon as there is a better offer arising on the horizon
- Kapil Kumar Sopory
- Company Secretary, SMEC(India) Private Limited
The self-centred approach of Chinese is something which speaks about their lack of understanding/appreciation of other people and their culture. There appears be great absence of trust the Chinese have on others. How then do others trust them? Chinese do business worldwide and even their substandard goods find a market. This one way trust is dangerous in the long run. Is it Chinese superiority complex, national pride or something something else. We could even infer that this is because they would not like others to know their dubious ways of doing business.
- tony
- Director, Landscape Architect
Fabulous stuff, but we (China based executives) already know. However if you were to do the same research in Australia for example you would find the same lack of trust for non ethnic Aussies as you would for researching, say India or Eu.Countries. The reason is simple, we trust less a person of "foreign" origin as we do in the macro sense a person from across a sate line.. The best result is get to know the people before you get to know their business, and hiring "locals" is not the answer, ask Rupert Murdock, he even married a "local" and he still walked out of China with a debit.....
- Sanjeev Vaid
Trust is like air pressure in car tires. Air pressure does not cause the car to move , but if there is no air pressure the car movement is bumpy and painfully slow. Sanjeev Vaid
- Li ming
Sometimes, guanxi is more important than ability among business partners not only in China but also in other countris and is established easily between Chinese and foreigner, it need more time yet. In the business activitis, except culture, how about bribe and authority?
- Margaret Wei
- Director
The article made an interesting point about globalization and cross-cultural business conducts. However, it is important to note that "the Great Wall of Trust" is not China specific: I have worked with people from all over the world, and see this lack of trust in every culture. You still see US firms managing their Asia business with expats from US, and the executives from corporate talk about baseball games in a small US town and expect the Asian team members to comment like themselves. So Chinese tea culture is really no different from US baseball talk. By nature, human beings are afraid of uncertainty, and people working cross-boundaries simply need to learn to deal with this inborn fear.


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Some thoughts as Ebersol resigns at NBC Sports
Dick Ebersol has left his role as chairman of NBC Sports. His departure comes within few weeks of the International Olympic Committee accepting bids for the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics and the 2016 Summer Games in Rio de Janeiro and within a few months of NBC's acquisiton by Comcast. Former Turner Sports executive Mark Lazarus will take […] [Read More]

subset: commoncrawl


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Below is the poem entitled A Bottle Of which was written by poet
Anne Lise
Andresen. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Anne Lise
Anne Lise Andresen
I saw a man who made large sailing ships inside a bottle ....
Large sails, the ship was fully manned and the flag was hoisted
I put my thoughts, feelings and words into a bottle ....
Slowly, carefully I filled the bottle ...
The thoughts, feelings and words flowed out .....
A-L Andresen :)


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MAC Trend F/W '09 Collection Review: Tone: Grey Eyeshadow Quad
MAC Trend F/W '09 Collection Review: Tone: Grey Eyeshadow Quad
MAC Trend F/W Collection launches in-store today across North America locations, and the collection includes four lipsticks, three lipglasses, an eyeshadow quad, and a fragrance. The Tone: Grey Eyeshadow Quad consists of four eyeshadows, all cool-toned with a mixture of finishes.
Tone: Grey Eyeshadow Quad ($36.00 U.S. / $43.00 CDN)
- A Warmer White is a cool-toned satiny white that casts a bit green. The pigmentation is decent and doesn't come off looking too stark or chalky.
- Tone: Grey is a soft, medium grey with a satin finish that has a cool blue-gray sheen. The pigmentation level is decent, though not intense; the shade itself is a bit muted.
- The Right Smoke is a bright medium-dark blue with a soft blue sheen and has a frost finish. This is like a bluer Deep Truth (or if you mixed Freshwater and Deep Truth together). I'm so tired of seeing this blue, I can't even tell you how much! This shade is the most pigmented of the four.
- Waft is a dirty taupe grey–kind of pewter, but not quite–with a taupe sheen and a frost finish. Like the other shadows in this quad, it has decent color pay off, but it's not intensely pigmented.
The eyeshadow quad actually reminds me of the Gentle Fume eyeshadow quad from Smoke Signals. It isn't the same, but at first glance, it definitely was reminiscent of it (it doesn't help that Waft was also in the Gentle Fume quad!). The quad is a nice pairing of shadows for smoky looks with a cool-toned theme. I don't think this quad is particularly unique or a must-have, because you could easily create the same kind of quad with existing MAC shades that would just as easily suit you.
For those looking for dupes, A Warmer White is similar to Gesso (but without the barely-there-green tint); Tone: Grey is similar to Scene; The Right Smoke is similar to Deep Truth; and Waft is similar to Print (but without the frost or taupe — add a touch of Satin Taupe to fix that).
To get an idea on what kind of look you could create with this quad, check out this silver, gray, and blue look I did using the Gentle Fume eyeshadow quad.
- Product: 7/10
- Value: 8/10
- Ease of Use: 8/10
- Packaging: 9/10
Recommendation: If you don't have similar shades and are looking for a cool-toned, slightly blue-leaning smoky palette, you'd like this!
Availability: MAC Cosmetics
See more photos and swatches…
A Warmer White
Tone: Grey
The Right Smoke
A Warmer White, Tone: Grey, The Right Smoke, Waft
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Click Here To Watch This Video at Broke Straight Boys
These boys are very hot and very straight but most of all they are broke. Rather then lose their apartment, girlfriend, etc. they do sexual things with other guys for some quick cash.
Description: Chad might look shy but he quickly shows just how erotic he finds his solo session. Watch as Chad steams up the studio and makes the camera his latest lover!
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I Love Baking Bread Apron
(approx. $15.42 or €14.12)
- In Stock
- Usually Ships in 1-2 Days
- UK & Worldwide Delivery
- Apron
- Product Code: 61909
If you love to keep it real in the kitchen then this cool parody apron is the perfect way to help you cook up your next concoction. Reading "I Love Baking Bread" with elemental symbols representing the start of the words, this comical apron is a must for fans of bad ass bakeries.


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Shonen Jump October 2009
I'm a loyal reader of Shonen Jump, and every once in a while I like to give my opinion of …Read the Rest
I'm a loyal reader of Shonen Jump, and every once in a while I like to give my opinion of …Read the Rest
I'm sure everyone's heard by now about Viz's insane idea to catch up One Piece with the Japanese releases. They …Read the Rest
I was reading the latest issue of Shonen Jump (May 2009), and though I may despise it, I do read …Read the Rest
This just occurred to me after I read Mang Blog Brigid's commentary on the possibly new "Naruto Nation" and then …Read the Rest
Viz is at it again it seems, trying to decimate our pocketbooks mercilessly, especially in this difficult economy. ANN has …Read the Rest
In the December issue of Shonen Jump, there is a short announcement. Another manga will be joining the pages of …Read the Rest
I'm almost caught up with reading my back issues of Shonen Jump. I started reading October last night. Both October …Read the Rest
Well, I said I wasn't going to read my Shonen Jumps until I got caught up with Naruto, which I …Read the Rest
Five and a half years ago, Viz put out a sampler at the San Diego Comic Con for a new …Read the Rest
A few things I want to get off my chest first. Viz– Afros are for frogs and fists get their …Read the Rest
I'm back and mostly recovered from SDCC. I was there for three days, Fri, Sat, and Sun, with my family, …Read the Rest
Now, I really don't mind the recent changes that were announced in the recent issue of Shonen Jump. This certainly …Read the Rest


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OKLAHOMA CITY — A case of a stolen catalytic converter highlights the continuing issue of thieves taking these for a quick buck. They are targeting a new brand pretty heavily; Honda.
They're after imports and one victim, NewsChannel 4 spoke with, says his Honda is just the latest case.
Kurt McDaniel just wanted to get his wife some new tires at the bike shop, but a 15 minute errand left him a victim of a crime.
Kurt McDaniel says, "I started the car and it sounded like my muffler had fallen off. So I peeked underneath the hood, and sure enough, they had cut my catalytic converter out."
McDaniel says he knows it happened in the parking lot. It was a quick cut and grab that will cost him more than $2,000 bucks.
"There were filings on the ground from where they had cut it. And it had to have happened here, because I just left Whole Foods," McDaniel says.
Catalytic converters are popular at scrap metal yards like Metal Check in south Oklahoma City.
Michael Hernandez of Metal Check says, "The reason why they are so popular is because they have rhodium and platinum inside the converter."
Metal check gets about 100 of these for scrap a day, but workers require a VIN number of the converter to match proof of ownership with the documents.
Not every place scrutinizes the merchandise and thieves know it. For McDaniel, it's no comfort. He's still thinking about that hefty bill.
McDaniel says, "I called my dealer who normally does my work, they say they have seen five this month, and that they are targeting Honda elements."
And his will be the next one in line for repair work.


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Bad Parent: I breastfed in a moving car. By Vicki Glembocki for Babble.com.
My brain chants this, over and over, as I sit in the backseat of my minivan, next to the car seat where my two-month-old daughter, Blair, is supposed to be, all strapped in and safe. But she is not. She is, instead, lying across my lap. My tank top is pulled up, my left boob is hanging out, and Blair is latched on. None of this would be a problem, except for one thing. My mother is in the front seat, driving the car.
Oddly, less than two hours ago, I thought Blair and I were having a good day. I actually said this out loud to my husband, talking to him on my cell as Blair and I drove to the Philadelphia airport to pick up my mother, who was flying in to help out for a week.
"We're having a good day," I said.
"You are?" he answered, clearly surprised. This was the first official "good day" we'd had since Blair was born. The jaundice, the colic and the relentless crying, the two minutes of sleep, the impulse to kill the dog and anything else that made noise, and the madness of figuring out how to breastfeed another human being (who just, kind of, appeared) had all left me feeling entirely out of control.
But, today? Blair woke up from a nap at two p.m., giving me precisely enough time to nurse her, get us both in the minivan, drive to the airport, pick up my mother and drive back home before she'd need to nurse again at five. All was going well. Until, on the way home, I missed the exit. And we ended up in rush-hour traffic. Crawling. On a four-lane highway. With no way to pull over. For two-and-a-half hours . . . so far.
For the past hour of it, Blair has been screaming.
My mother is in the seat next to her, rocking the car seat, which isn't working. Neither is the air conditioning I turned on full-blast to create a "shushing" sound. We both know she's hungry. And that, because she's hungry, we're screwed.
I try not to look in the rear view mirror, where I can see Blair's face, all contorted into a massive black hole of a mouth, reflected in the mirror hanging on the headrest above her. My boobs are throbbing, but not as much as my temples are. From that sound. That yelping, alien baby sound.


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A Spy By Nature[Paperback]
(4 ratings)
- Format:
- Paperback
- Pages:
- 464
- Publisher:
- HarperCollins Publishers
- Publication Date:
- 29 March 2012
- Category:
- Espionage & Spy Thriller
- 9780007416912
Showing 1-4 out of 5 reviews. Previous | Next
A very entertaining and utterly plausible novel.The protagonist is Alec Milius, a recent graduate stuck in a job that he despises and suffering from a resentment that the world owes him rather more respect than he has been given so far.. Visiting his mother one weekend he is approached by a man whom he has never met before who had a vague connection of his late father. It transpires that this man acts as a "spotter" for MI6, looking for potential recruits for the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). After attending an initial interview Milius is encouraged to apply for a special sitting of the Civil Service Selection Board (the dreaded CSSB - termed "Sisby" throughout the book). This is described in fascinating detail, and seems desperately gruelling, though his experiences there are as nothing to the trials he will subsequently undergo.Milius is an intriguing character- not particularly likeable, but somehow one does end up on his side.I look forward to reading the other books in the series.
Not at all bad. Alec Milius fails in his interview by MI6 but gets employed for a special assignment... There are elements which don't really stack up, and it is certainly not Le Carre. But a decent and fairly intelligently written book. Worth reading another by this author,
Cumming writes good spy books. This isn't one of his best.
The book is in three parts: 1995 the main character is invited to apply for SIS and sits a variety of exams and interviews; 1996 he is given a job at the London offices of an oil firm with a particular brief and the possibility of a job with MI5 at the end of it; 1997 the plot unravels and he gets called in, against the backdrop of Blair's first election. There are unanswered questions at each stage of the plot development. As it's written in the first person we only know as much as the protagonist knows, however after reading a detailed account of the rigorous selection procedure five candidates undergo it is frustrating not to learn anything more about them or how their performances were evaluated. There are references to training received before being deployed, which would have been interesting to learn about but this is skipped over, presumably the author is not at liberty to divulge anything he knows about that. It is not entirely convincing why the central character behaves the way he does in the second half of the novel, particularly as he is fully aware of the consequences, and he seems far too knowledgeable on affairs of the secret services for a rookie on his first mission.However the book is well written and the author is an astute observer of the details of human interaction, the personas that people use and the power play in every conversation. This may not be a gripping page turner but the scene is sufficiently well set to make you want to know how it turns out. The overiding message is that the reality of espionage is a far cry from the glamorous adventure portrayed in other spy fiction, rather it is a grubby life of lying, cheating and stealing to support the national business interest.
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Also by Charles Cumming
A Colder War
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A Texans fan blog with Stephanie Stradley
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What is the best way to beat the New England Patriots?
Like sensible, non-hyped NFL talk? Me too. I asked my friend Rivers McCown (@FO_RiversMcCown) of Football Outsiders to provide me some sensible things for us to discuss and watch about for the upcoming game. If you are not familiar with DVOA and Football Outsiders, read their "methods" first and rejoice for improving your football knowledge. […] [Read More]
Patriots Q&A with Kerry J. Byrne of Cold, Hard Football Facts
Friend of the blog and today's Q&A guest is Kerry J. Byrne (@FootballFacts). He has a fantastic accent from that part of the word and is the founder of Cold, Hard Football Facts.com, which is dedicated to his brand of entertaining NFL analysis. In addition, his site focuses on what he refers to as "Quality […] [Read More]


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As the pumpkins grin with Harvest mischief, and the smell of gunpowder hangs in the crisp air, I have the memories of a great summer to keep me warm.
Summer Ghost
All Hallows' Eve's a Comin'
Getting in the mood for the night of the wandering dead.
This is Wicked Uncle Truffle from Kathleen Hale's lavishly illustrated children's book Orlando the Marmalade Cat (His Silver Wedding) which was a favourite of mine as a little devil. Read more about the wicked world of Kathleen Hale here.
Hazy Shade of Summer
It's a hazy shade of summer down on the allotment, everything's blooming, colourful chaos. I slipped through security and wandered into the sunset, meeting a gorgeous little ginger cat who rolled around and posed for pictures. How do cats know it's a camera? Little Ginge reminded me of the Late Great Sparky, my beloved super-sized tom cat who features elsewhere on The Vibes. The bees were buzzing in the dying rays of the sun, refusing to pose for the camera – just too plain busy! Good to see so many of them.
Midnight at The Opera House
Much as I'd like to show you some pictures of Cats the musical, there were no cameras allowed and particularly vigilant staff hovering over me for the entire show. The evening was spectacular, a riot of colour and the second half conquered it's first-night nerves for a storming performance. The British show, currently touring in the UK is also the longest running touring show in the States and is based on T.S Eliot's Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats.
In Loving Memory
"Hello? Yes it's true! It's amazing – they just do exactly what you tell them to! It's like they understand us. Mine's got two legs so I guess that makes him a butler… or chauffeur if we're in the limo. Yes…three meals a day and central heating. Fabulous. Ok – gotta go, he's coming! T'ra!"


text:
Feb 2013
Selected "In the News" items previously
featured on NISIC for
this month. See the In the News
Archives to view previously posted items by year and
See our What's
New section for current items of interest.
CBP Inspects
Millions of Cut Flowers for Valentine's Day (Feb
12, 2013)
Customs and Border Protection.
As Valentine's Day quickly approaches U.S. Customs
and Border Protection (CBP)
diligently inspects shipments of imported cut flowers to prevent the spread of
insects or pests that may damage national and local agriculture.
USDA Reports
Synthesize Literature on Climate Change Effects and Adaptation
Strategies for U.S. Agriculture
and Forests (Feb 5, 2013)
Forest Service.
USDA has
released a comprehensive syntheses of the scientific
literature on climate change effects and adaptation
strategies for U.S. agriculture
and forests. Scientists from the Federal service, universities,
non-governmental organizations, industry, tribal lands
and the private sector contributed to the national
stakeholder workshops and the peer-reviewed studies.
The reports evaluate current conditions and look ahead
to the next 25 to 100 years and the potential consequences
of climate change.


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Henry Willis takes on the Nightrider London Sportive on the surprisingly busy roads of night time London
Sportive Reviews
Wiggle French Resistance sportive
The French Resistance Sportive is uniquely awesome. You start in England in the morning, spend a day enjoying the scenery of Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France, and finish back in Blighty by…
London-Surrey 100 2013: Cyclo-Sportive Review
CW's Deputy Editor Simon Richardson takes on possibly the biggest sportive in the UK.
Virgin Money Cyclone Challenge 2013: Cyclo-Sportive Review
Virgin Money Cyclone Challenge is part of a series of cycling events taking place around Newcastle over four days, Steven Sanders tests his legs...
Wiggle French Revolution 2013: Cyclo-Sportive Review
CW's intrepid day-tripper Henry Willis hops across the Channel for an epic ride along France's rural, not to mention windswept, northern coast
Tour de Mon 2013: Cyclo-sportive review
Sunday September 1 saw over 900 cyclists take to the roads on the island of Anglesey for the first installment of the Tour de Mon.
Circuit of Kent 2013: Cyclo-sportive review
The Circuit of Kent is one of Britain's longest running cyclo-sportives, and still one of the best
Etape Eryri 2013: Cyclo-sportive review
John Draper rides the Etape Eryri in North Wales and finds he has Team Sky principal Sir David Brailsford for company
The White Maratona: Riding the Maratona dles Dolomites 2013
Heavy snow couldn't stop the 2013 Maratona dles Dolomites gran fondo, one of the world's biggest mass bike rides
Granfondo San Gottardo
Fitness Editor Hannah Reynolds tackles the Granfondo San Gottardo in Switzerland...


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Video:How to Make Pom Pomswith Anik St Louis
Learning how to make pom poms is a fun knitting craft to do during your free time. Here, see helpful tips for making pom poms at home.See Transcript
Transcript:How to Make Pom PomsHi I'm Anik St Louis for About.com and I'm a knitting and crochet teacher with Mouliné Yarns. Today we are going to learn how to make pom-poms.
Supplies for Making Pom PomsHere's what you will need:
- A pair of scissors
- two rings drawn on an old cereal box (I used a glass and a coin)
- and some yarn
Instructions for Knitting Pom PomsCut your two pieces and just put them together. So you take a long piece of yarn. Simply tuck the ends right into the centre of the loop and start wrapping. You are going through the middle over and over again until you run out of yarn. Now if you run out of yarn before the pom pom is thick enough simply cut another piece of yarn, make sure that you tuck in that little end and keep wrapping.
Once you have finished wrapping cut about a 12 inch piece of the same yarn and just have it ready. Here comes the fun part. With your scissors gently cut all the way around the top of the circle. All the way to the card board. You will see as soon as it is exposed it is a lot easier just to stick the scissors between the two and then you cut all the way around. Gently separate the two pieces of cardboard, just enough to slide in your yarn and tie tightly in a knot and put another one just to make sure that it does not come apart. Gently hold one side of the pom pom and pull off the cardboard.There you have your pom pom. If you need to take your scissors and trim. Give it a little haircut. Here's my pom pom attached to my hat.
Thanks for watching. To learn more visit us on the web at About.com.
About videos are made available on an "as is" basis, subject to the User Agreement.


text:
Remember Bradley Manning? The soldier who made Julian Assange a household name? Do you know how he's been spending the last nine months in the brig? Glenn Greenwald brings us up to speed:
Let's review Manning's detention over the last nine straight months: 23-hour/day solitary confinement; barred even from exercising in his cell; one hour total outside his cell per day where he's allowed to walk around in circles in a room alone while shackled, and is returned to his cell the minute he stops walking; forced to respond to guards' inquiries literally every 5 minutes, all day, everyday; and awakened at night each time he is curled up in the corner of his bed or otherwise outside the guards' full view.
Now Manning's jailers are forcing him to sleep nude and stand at attention nude with his cellmates. The rationale is allegedly suicide prevention, but his attorney retorts, ""If a person is at risk of self-harm, then you get them treatment, you get them to a mental health professional and address the issue — you don't strip them... There is no excuse, no justification to having a soldier stand at attention naked. There can be no mental health reason for that."
How odd--keeping a man alive by destroying his will to live.
I tried to cut the Obama administration some slack when they missed their deadline to close Gitmo. I figured their predecessors had so poisoned the well that the Obama people were faced with a Hobson's choice. But as time dragged by, it began to look as though we Americans now have a choice between politicians who torture and politicians who cover up for the torturers.
It's even worse. The Manning affair is solely the Obama administration's. And in this case they seem just as prepared to abandon the law and international standards of justice as the Bush administration. Forced nudity and sleep deprivation were Abu Ghraib techniques, remember?
This is what we've become since 9/11. I say "We" because I think that torturing terrorists or traitors enjoys broad public support these days. President Obama knows that there will be no price to be paid at the polls for this.
At Kevin Drum's blog, some are taunting others about primarying Obama over this, and there's some who'd like to take the bait. Not me. I don't like lost causes.
But anyone who's even slightly disturbed by this ought to be emailing the President and anyone else in government who will listen, and donating to good attorneys who will fight the good fight for basic decency.
Most importantly, there is prayer. This is a spiritual crisis. It's rooted in the fact that we allowed our justifiable anger over 9/11 to curdle into blood lust. In fact we nursed it. It's rooted in a media culture that eroticizes the slow, methodical destruction of the human body and spirit. Worst of all, it's rooted in our houses of worship. Church-goers are more likely to chuckle at Bradley Manning standing at attention naked than non-church-goers are. This week Christians will walk around with charcoal crosses emblazoned on their foreheads. Do they know that the cross is an instrument of torture? Do they know that they worship a tortured God? Do they get the irony when they turn a blind eye to what the government is doing in their name?
At this point I think that only the Muslims can save us. If the revolutions in the Middle East are followed up with free and fair elections, and the tender shoots of a civil society emerge, that may well drain the Arab street of the hopelessness that terrorism feeds on.
We, on the other hand, seem incapable of changing direction.


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Lisa M. Zalak allegedly offered $100 to each of two uniformed officers if they wouldn?t write any tickets.
- Filed Under
A woman who allegedly offered a Palm Bay police officer money to "not get any tickets" in a traffic stop instead got a ride to jail last week.
A police report says that Lisa M. Zalak, 22, of Clearwater, was riding in a vehicle when the car was stopped on Malabar Road west of Interstate 95. Police reports say the car had accelerated to prevent another vehicle from merging and sideswiped the second vehicle.
Police stopped the car and officers told the driver Charles C. Difrancisco, 49, he was suspected of reckless driving. As officers asked the ...


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Home > Articles by source
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- Acknowledging Bergson
As a founder of the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation, I was very encouraged and challenged by Dr. Rafael Medoff's two-part front-page essay "The Bergson Group vs. the Holocaust – and Jewish Leaders vs. Bergson" (June 8 and 15). Dr. Medoff not only helped readers to understand the "big picture" of Holocaust activism, but also underscored [...]
- The Jews Of Portugal: Contemporary Sites And Events Aristides de Sousa Mendes: A Moral Model For The World
The history of the Jews in Portugal, so imbued with the tragedy of the Inquisition (as outlined in the first article of this series), is especially unique if we consider that during the Holocaust, Portugal served as one of the main escape routes for Jews fleeing the Nazis. New Yorkers became familiar with that aspect [...]
- Wallenberg Remembered
Raoul Wallenberg, rescuer of approximately 100,000 Hungarian Jews during the Holocaust, turns 94 on August 4. Whether he is still alive to celebrate his birthday remains a mystery. Wallenberg, a Swedish diplomat, arrived in Hungary in July 1944 as first secretary to the Swedish legation in Budapest, at the behest of the American War Refugee [...]
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text: http://forum.xda-developers.com – I'm just wondering if anyone else has this problem. So, for a long time now, my phone will randomly act funny when trying to longpress things on the keyboard when typing. It is random and does not always occur. It has happened in Swiftkey X, Swiftkey 3 Beta, Swiftkey 3, Froyo stock keyboard, ICS stock keyboard, and now Jellybean stock keyboard. I am currently running the Toasted Marshmellow rom. It started happening around the time ICS came out (in custom roms) and has continued on many, many different roms. So it will occasionally bug out when trying to long press things and here is what hap (HowTos)


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text:
There is disclosed a mounting means for a terminal comprising, in essence, a double parallelogram including a lower arm pivoted to the base, an upper arm connected to a monitor and elbow means interconnecting the other ends of the arms whereby the connection between the upper arm and the monitor moves vertically relative to the connection between the lower arm and the base. The mounting means includes friction means to hold the same in a set position vertically and may also include spring means for counterbalancing the monitor, a turntable on the base to provide for swinging the monitor about a vertical axis and a frictioned hinge providing for tilting the monitor about a horizontal axis.
1. In a terminal including a base adapted to rest on a supporting surface and a monitor having a display screen and adapted to be connected to output leads from said base, means for supporting said monitor for vertical movement relative to said base comprising a pair of arms including a lower arm and an upper arm, lower pivot means for mounting said lower arm at one end on said base for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis, upper pivot means including a shaft held against rotation for mounting said monitor on one end of said upper arm for pivotal movement about a horizontal axis to tilt said display screen relative to the vertical, first friction means for maintaining said monitor in a tilted position relative to said shaft, elbow pivot means for pivotally interconnecting the other ends of said upper and lower arms for pivotal movement about spaced horizontal axes, means interconnecting said lower and upper pivot means and said elbow pivot means for adjusting the same about the axes thereof upon pivotal movement of said arms about the axes of said pivot means, second friction means for resisting pivotal movement of said arms about said pivot means, and means for counteracting the weight of said monitor relative to the axis of said shaft comprising a resilient sleeve, means for holding said sleeve against rotation relative to said monitor, and means fixed to said shaft and cooperating with said resilient sleeve for resisting movement of said monitor relative to said shaft.
This invention relates to a support for the monitor of a terminal, and particularly to a support that provides for raising and lowering the level of the display screen of the monitor and for tilting the display screen about a horizontal axis to position the monitor at a more comfortable level and angle for viewing by the operator of the terminal.
Monitors have heretofore been adapted to be tilted about a horizontal axis to face the operator and have been mounted on supports that permit raising and lowering the display screen of the monitor relative to the line of sight of the operator and turning the monitor about a vertical axis to face the operator. One example of such a terminal is the one marketed by Wyse Technology. That terminal includes a monitor supported on one end of an arm pivotally connected at its opposite end to a base. Supports of this nature, however, physically move the monitor horizontally relative to the base as the supporting arm is moved between its raised (vertical) position and its lowered (horizontal) position, that is, when the monitor is raised and lowered, it also moves toward and away from the operator.
This makes it difficult to adjust the position of the monitor relative to the operator since, when the monitor is raised and lowered, it must also be adjusted forwardly, backwardly or sidewise to reposition it relative to the operator as it was before it was raised or lowered. At the same time, shifting the monitor horizontally relative to a base as it is raised and lowered also shifts its center of gravity, which in turn requires a larger and more massive base to support the monitor upright on the base--or in other words, to keep the monitor from becoming unbalanced and falling over.
In the Wyse terminal, the monitor is disposed on a base that provides for rotation of the monitor about a vertical axis as well as tilting about a horizontal axis, and the monitor and base are mounted as a unit on the supporting means for raising and lowering the monitor. This arrangement increases the weight of the elements that are elevated which in turn requires a more substantial supporting means and/or more effort to raise and lower the monitor.
Another problem with monitors such as those in the Wyse terminal is that the tilt angle of the display screen relative to the vertical is also moved as the monitor is raised and lowered. This requires that the tilt angle of the display screen be readjusted whenever the elevation of the monitor is adjusted. Using a parallelogram in the arm of course will maintain the tilt angle of the display screen as the monitor is raised and lowered but the monitor is still shifted horizontally relative to the supporting base.
With a terminal supported on an arm that is connected to the monitor through a ball and socket connection, the tilt angle of the display screen is limited to perhaps 20�. While the total tilt angle can be divided between the positive and negative angles of tilt, only a limited fraction of this is normally available for the negative tilt angle.
An object of this invention is to provide a monitor supporting means in which the monitor can be readily raised and lowered relative to the operator over a relatively large range without tending to cause the monitor to become unbalanced and to fall over. Further objects of this invention are to provide such a monitor supporting means in which the monitor can also be adjusted about a vertical axis on the supporting surface, and in which the display screen can be tilted about a horizontal axis towards the operator over a wider range than has heretofore been available.
In accordance with this invention, the above objects are achieved by a monitor supporting means comprising a double parallelogram in which there are a pair of pivotally interconnected arms each of which comprises a parallelogram, which arms are connected at their outer ends to the monitor and to the base, respectively. The parallelograms include spring means to counterbalance the weight of the monitor as well as friction means to maintain the monitor in the adjusted vertical position. The monitor is also mounted for tilting on the supporting arm to position the display screen relative to the operator and for rotation about a vertical axis on the support.
The present invention is herein disclosed with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a terminal including a monitor having support means in accordance with this invention.
FIG. 2 is elevational view, partly broken away and partly in section, of a monitor and base showing in general the support for the monitor.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the lower hub of the monitor support of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view centrally through the monitor support per se.
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 through a different portion of the monitor support.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a portion of the monitor support.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view, partly exploded, illustrating the arm per se.
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view similar to FIG. 3 of the elbow hub.
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view similar to FIG. 3 of the upper hub.
FIG. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view with parts exploded to show the connection between the monitor and the support.
With reference to FIG. 1, there is shown a terminal generally indicated at 1 that includes a monitor 2 having a display screen 3. The monitor 2 is supported by a support 4 on a chassis or base 5 that has some processing capability and is adapted to have input/output connections in the form of cartridges (not shown) plugged into the back thereof. The base is also adapted to be connected to a keyboard 6 by a cable 7 and a keyboard cartridge 8 that is plugged into the side of the base 5.
A turntable 9 is mounted on the base 5 for rotation about a vertical axis--or on an axis normal to the base 5--by a screw 10 (FIG. 2) extending through an aperture centrally of the turntable 9 and threaded into a boss 11 upstanding within the base 5.
The support 4 comprises generally a lower arm 12 and an upper arm 13 that are interconnected at one end thereof by an elbow hub 14 and are connected at their opposite ends, respectively, to a hub 15 that is adapted to be secured to the turntable 9 and a hub 16 that is adapted to be secured to the monitor 2.
With reference to FIG. 3, the hub 15 comprises a pair of hub or pivot elements 17 having slots 18 for fastening screws (not shown) that are adapted to be threaded into a boss 19 (FIG. 2) on the top of the turntable 9 to secure the hub elements 17 to the turntable 9. The hub elements 17 include cantilevered cylindrical shaft sections 20 and end walls 21 that abut when the hub 15 is assembled.
The shaft sections 20 together define the shaft on which one end of the arm 12 (FIG. 6) is mounted. As shown in FIG. 6, the arm 12 comprises a pair of complementary arm portions including a lower portions 22 and an upper portion 23 that are adapted to be secured together as by screws 24 extending through bosses 25 on the outer walls of the upper portion 23 and cooperating bosses 26 on the outer walls of the lower portion 22. The arm portion 22 and 23 have semi-cylindrical ends 27 and 28, respectively, that encompass and are clamped about the shaft sections 20 of the hub elements 17 for pivotal movement thereon.
The arm 12 is frictionally restrained against rotation on the hub 15 by clutch means comprising a clutch pad 30 (FIG. 7) having a hexagonal bore 31 adapted to receive an elongated hexagonal nut 32 (FIG. 3). The nut 32 extends through matching hexagonally shaped apertures 33 in the end walls 21 (FIG. 3) of the hub elements 17 and is thus held against rotation relative to the hub elements 17 and, in turn, holds the clutch pad 30 against rotation. The hub element 17 has a bore 34 extending inwardly from the outer end thereof in which the clutch pad 30 is positioned on the hexagonal nut 32. Outwardly of the clutch pad30, there is mounted on the nut 32 a clutch plate 35 (FIG. 7) having notches 36 in the periphery thereof. A lug 37 (FIG. 4 an 6) formed internally of the hemispherical end 28 of the upper part 23 of the arm 12 extends through an aperture 37a (FIG. 3) in the peripheral wall of the hub element 17 into one of the notches 36 to key the clutch plate 35 to the arm 12 for pivotal movement.
A screw 38 (FIG. 3) is threaded into the bore at one end of the hexagonal nut 32 with the head of the screw 38 adapted to abut against the inner face of the end wall 21 of the hub element 17 to position the hexagonal nut 32 in the bores 21. A similar screw 38a (FIG. 7) is adapted to be threaded into the opposite end of the nut 32 and to force the clutch plate 35 against the clutch pad 30 and, in turn, to force clutch pad 30 against the inner face of the end wall 21 to compress the clutch pad and thus control the frictional resistance to movement of the clutch plate 35 relative thereto. Thus, as the arm 12 is pivoted about the axis of the hub 15, the clutch plate 35 moves with it relative to the clutch pad 30 which is held stationary in the hub 15, to frictionally resist movement of the arm.
The elbow hub 14 comprises opposed base plates 39 (FIG. 8) from which extend two pairs of hub elements 40 and 41, each of which is similar to a hub element 17 of the lower hub 15 except that the pairs of hub elements 40 and 41 are secured together through the end walls 21a thereof by bolts 42 adapted to receive nuts 43. The connection of the arm 12 to the hub elements 40 is the same as the connection to the hub elements 17.
The second pair of hub element on the elbow hub 14, that is, the hub element 41, are connected to the upper arm 13 in the same manner as the lower arm 12 is connected to the hub elements 40 the arm 13 being formed in two parts 22a and 23a (FIG. 7) that are secured together to clamp the semi-cylindrical ends thereof about the hub elements 41.
The opposite end of the upper arm 13 is connected by the hub 16 to a shaft 45 (FIG. 10) on which the monitor 2 is mounted. Except for the connection to the shaft 45, the hub 16 is the same as the hub 15 including the clutch pad 30 and clutch plate 35.
The elbow hub 14 is dimensioned lengthwise relative to the thickness of the arms 12 and 13 so that when the monitor 2 is lowered to its lowermost position, the arm are horizontal and flat against each other.
The upper and lower arms 12 and 13 are locked together for rotation at the elbow hub 14 by intermeshing gear segments 50 (Figs. 4 and 5) formed on the periphery of the lower portions 22 and 22a of the arms concentrically of the axes of the hub elements 40 and 41. Movement of the arms 12 and 13 about the hub elements 40 and 41 in the direction to align the arms endwise is limited by abutting faces 51.
As seen in FIG. 3, the hub elements 17 are each formed with a recess 52 in the periphery thereof adjacent their free or inner ends. The recesses 52 are adapted to receive a retainer portion 53 of a flexible steel band 54--the portions 53 being bent into the bands 54 to conform to the configuration of the recesses 52. A key 55 is seated in each of the recesses 52 above the retainer portion 53 to lock the band 54 against movement relative to the hub elements 17.
The key is held in the recesses 52 by the edge of a spring steel band 65 at each end thereof, each of the bands 65 being secured by a screw 66 on a flat 65a formed in the hub element 17 at the inner end of the recess. Each of the screws 66 extends through a hole 67 in the band 65 and is threaded into a bore 68 (Fig.5) in the hub element 17. A pair of bushings 56 are provided on the bearing portion of the shaft portions 20 of the hub elements 17 for journalling the arm on the hub.
The pairs of hub elements 40 and 41 of the elbow hub 14 and the hub elements of the hub 16 are each also provided with a flexible steel band 54 like the one on the hub elements 17.
The free ends of the bands 54 are each bent at right angles to form brackets 57 (FIG. 3) having apertures 58. The brackets 57 at the ends of the band 54 that is secured to the hub 15 are adapted to be joined by tensioning means 60 (FIG. 4) to the brackets 57 at the ends of the band 54 secured to the hub elements 40 of the elbow hub 14. The tensioning means 60 at each end of a band 54 comprises a bolt 61 extending through the apertures 58 and through a guide 62 at the bracket 57 adjacent the head of the bolt 61. The opposite end of the bolt 61 is threaded through a nut 63 and a locking nut 64.
The band 54 on the hub elements 41 of the elbow hub 14 is connected in a similar manner to the band 54 on the hub elements of the upper hub 16.
The free end of each of the bands 65 on the hub elements 17 is formed with an aperture 69 in which one end of a tension spring 70 (FIG. 5) is hooked. The other ends of the tension springs 70 are hooked to the corresponding bands 65 secured to the hub elements 40 of the elbow hub 14. Similar tension springs 70a are connected between the bands 65 that are secured respectively to the hub elements 41 of the elbow hub 14 and the hub elements of the upper hub 16.
The pairs of springs 70 and 70a are enclosed in the lower arm 12 and the upper arm 13 respectively and are disposed on either side of the bands 54. The arms 12 and 13 are thus biased about the pivot axis of the hubs 14, 15 and 16 into their raised or vertical position in which the arms are aligned endwise. The bias opposes the downward movement of the hub 16 under the weight of the monitor 2, thus counterbalancing the monitor 2.
Friction at the clutch pads 30 and clutch plates 35 is sufficient to prevent movement of the hub 16 downwardly under the weight of the monitor 2 relative to the lift of the tension springs 70 and 70a so that the monitor 2 will remain in a set position vertically. At the same time, the monitor 2 can be manually raised or lowered by slipping the clutch surfaces to re-position monitor 2 at a different level vertically.
The bands 54 together with the gearing 50 in effect comprise a double parallelogram locking the lower and upper arms 12 and 13 together for parallel motion of the hub 16 relative to the hub 15 whereby, as the hub 16 is raised and lowered relative to the hub 15, it moves in a line vertically toward and from the hub 15. At the same time, through the action of the parallelogram, the hub 16 and thus the monitor 2 supported thereon are not tilted as the monitor is raised and lowered, or in other words, the elements of the hub 16 remain in a fixed angular relation relative to the hub elements 17 of the hub 15 and the hub elements 40 and 41 of the elbow hub 14.
As mentioned above, the upper hub 16 is secured to the shaft 45 on which the monitor is mounted. With reference to FIG. 10, the shaft 45 has a connecting element 75 fixed thereto at each end. The connecting elements 75 are adapted to be secured by screws (not shown) to the fastening portions 76 (FIG. 9) on the hub elements of the hub 16.
The shaft 45 extends through bores 77 in the end walls 78 of a well 79 depending from the bottom wall 80 of the monitor 2. The shaft 45 is connected to the monitor 2 for frictionally resisted pivotal movement of the monitor 2 about the axis of the shaft 45 by a clutch 81 having a pair of clutch elements 82 and 83 that encircle the shaft 45 and are connected together at their lower ends as by a rivet (not shown) whereby the clutch elements are relatively loose but are held against separation at their lower ends. At their upper ends the clutch elements are adapted to be pulled together to clamp the same on the shaft 45 by a screw 84 that extends through one of the clutch elements 82 and 83 and is threaded into the other. The clutch elements 82 and 83 are formed with a groove 85 in the bottom edges thereof that is adapted to receive a rib 86 formed in the bottom of the well 79 parallel to the axis of the shaft 45 to hold the clutch 81 against rotation relative to the monitor 2. Thus the monitor is frictionally held in the set position relative to the shaft 45 by the clutch 81 but can be adjusted to adjust the tilt angle of the display screen by a force sufficient to overcome the frictional resistance of the clutch 81.
The effect of gravity tending to pivot the monitor about the shaft 45 as the monitor is adjusted to different tilt positions is counterbalanced by a semi-cylindrical rubber spring 87 that is seated in the well 79 and which has a longitudinal groove 88 in the bottom thereof that receives the rib 86 to lock the rubber spring 87 against turning in the well about the axis of the shaft 45. The shaft 45 is formed with a flat 89 to which a spring plate 90 is secured as by screws 91 extending through apertures 92 in the plate and threaded into bores 93 in the shaft 45. The spring plate 90 outwardly of the shaft 45 overlies the faces 94 of the rubber spring 87 and are forced against the faces 93a to compress the spring 87 as the monitor 2 is tilted from a balanced position on the shaft 45.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 the ends of the arms 12 and 13 and the hubs 14, 15 and 16 are adapted, for appearances, to be closed by covers 94, 95, 96, 97 and 98, respectively, that may be secured for example as by snap-on brackets such as the brackets 99 (FIGS. 6 and 7) at the side wall of the elbow hub 14 for the covers 96 and the brackets 25 and 26 on the arms 12 and 13 for the covers 94 and 95.
Leads from the base 5 to the monitor 2 are adapted to be concealed within the support 4. For example, a hub element 17 of the lower hub 15 is provided with a slot 100 in the outer wall thereof for receiving the leads which can then be run upwardly along the lower arm 12 between the brackets 25 and 26 which are spaced for this purpose and can be provided with additional clearance (not shown) for the leads around the screws 24. Similarly, the leads can be run through the bracket 99 on the elbow hub 14 and through the brackets 25, 26 on the upper arm 13, as well as through a slot 101 in the hub element of the upper hub 16. Concealing the leads not only improves the appearance of the terminal but also protects the leads and removes them as obstacles for example in working around the terminal or in positioning the terminal relative to other equipment.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
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Horse Trainers Needed
We have a new website at www.horsetrainerscorner.com and are looking for horse trainers that would like to be featured for FREE. Please go to the site for more info. thanks
Wouldnt this go better in the classified section? :oops:
Hmm. When you messaged me if seemed more like a tool and helpful item, not promotion.
Topic Moved by Skippy! to Horse Classifieds
Reason: The author of the thread was promoting their website, not asking for advice on horse training.
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Sunday, January 13, 2013
Thomas T. Todd Ward of Bonneau, a former dump truck driver for the South Carolina Highway Department, died Monday afternoon, Nov. 26, 2012 in a North Charleston hospital. He was 47.
Surviving are his wife, Beth Bowman Ward; his mother, Mary D. Pipkin and stepfather, Samuel Sambo Pipkin of Bonneau; two sisters, Michelle W. The Boss Ollic and her husband, Michael, of Bonneau, and Samantha P. Duck Jones and her husband, Andy, of Jamestown; and six nieces and nephews.
Online condolences may be sent to the family at www.dial-murrayfuneralhome.com.
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A federal jury in San Francisco found on Monday that Google infringed on copyrights held by Oracle, Inc., in the construction of its Android mobile operating system. The jury remained deadlocked, however, on whether those infringements constituted "fair use" under copyright law.
Oracle sued Google in August 2010 seeking $1 billion in damages for both patent and copyright violations. Android is the leading smartphone operating system in the U.S., controlling 61 percent of new handset sales, according to figures released on Monday by NPD Group.
The Associated Press reports that the lack of a finding on the "fair use" issue will dramatically limit the damages Oracle is eligible to collect for violations.
It was not disputed that Google engineers incorporated Java, a programming language that allows interaction between computer programs, into the basic structure of Android. Oracle, Inc., which came to own Java in its 2010 acquisition of Sun Microsystems, argued that Google copied Java application programming interfaces (APIs) without permission or a license.
Google argued that Java is a programming language that is open and free for programmers to use. In a court filing, their attorneys questioned whether it was legally sound for a computer language to be free for programmers to use but to require a license for computers to process code with it.
The jury was also charged with determining whether three instances of copying that were acknowledged by Google were "de minimis," or too minor to merit legal consequences. Google was found to be guilty of infringement in one of these instances.
According to Wired's report from the courtroom, Google is moving for a mistrial.
U.S. District Court Judge William Alsup is still expected to rule on the issue of whether APIs are subject to copyright law. On May 3, he invited the parties to clarify their arguments with respect to this issue, offering a set if 13 questions to guide their thinking. Those responses are due on May 10.
"We appreciate the jury's efforts, and know that fair use and infringement are two sides of the same coin," Google said in a statement. "The core issue is whether the APIs here are copyrightable, and that's for the court to decide. We expect to prevail on this issue and Oracle's other claims."
The next phase of the case will focus on patent infringement.


text:
Madden NFL 2002
Extra Sounds
After scoring a touchdown, press either the A, B, R or L buttons to make sounds.
Contributed By: Keith Valentine.
Know Something We Don't?
You can submit new cheat codes for this game using our Cheat Submission Form.
Have We Been Fooled?
If you see a non-working or fake code in the list above, let us know by using our Problem Submission Form.


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Wedding Beauty & Health near proctor,ok
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Pictures of Alicia Keys
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Tivoli Storage Management is a suite of products from Tivoli which encompasses an enterprise-wide network storage management solution. Together, these products provide data protection, including backup and restore, for over thirty major operating systems as well as for many of the most popular databases and applications. Lotus Domino R5 is one of these applications - an industry-leading product for messaging and collaborative computing. Tivoli Storage Manager server and Tivoli Data Protection for Lotus Domino together provide online backup and restore of Lotus Domino R5 databases.
This IBM Redbooks publication addresses backup and recovery of Lotus Domino R5 databases on Windows NT, Windows 2000, and UNIX platforms.
This book provides an overview of Tivoli Storage Manager and Lotus Domino, details on how to install and configure Tivoli Data Protection for Lotus Domino R5 on Windows and UNIX, and operational procedures for backup and restore, as well as various scenarios for backup and restore.This book gives a broad understanding of the new architecture and features of Lotus Domino R5 as compared to R4, especially as they impact backup and recovery issues. Many examples and screenshots are included, to provide practical step-by-step instructions on setting up and maintaining this environment.
Table of contents
Chapter 1 Lotus Domino and Tivoli Storage Management
Chapter 2 Configuring storage management for Lotus Domino
Chapter 3 Operating TDP for Lotus Domino
Chapter 4 Backup strategy and recovery scenarios
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Thank you. If a matching email exists we will send you an email in a few minutes with instructions on how to reset your password.
Don't forget to check your spam folder if you cannot find the email. For further assistance please contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com .Okay
Frog Hill Designs
This yellow-and-white cotton pillow manages to be vibrant, cheerful, and whimsical all at once. And thanks to the feather-and-down fill, it's comfortable as well.


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Chhota Bheem is an Indian animation series for kids about a small boy Bheem from the city of Dholakpur. Since the show is very popular in India where the cricket is a national sport, some of Chhota Bheem games are inspired by cricket. It is a common to see kids in India playing cricket in open spaces throughout the country. Rules are somewhat modified and simplified, yet it's still an excellent game and kids love it!
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text: After spending the first night in Curitiba and reuniting with one of the Brazilian students from UNIMEP, the group is up early to visit an environmental institution called Universidade Livre do Meio Ambiente or UNILIVRE. Focusing on the environment and sustainability in both rural and urban areas, students at UNILIVRE complete an array of certificate programs. The school itself is set in a beautiful natural area and the architecture blends seamlessly with its surroundings. After attending a lecture that provided the students with a background on the city of Curitiba and UNILIVRE, everyone gets back on the bus for a city tour. Curitiba has a rich cultural history as it was originally founded by Western Europeans. This is reflected in the architecture, attractions, and population of the city. Being the capital of the Brazilian state of Paraná, Curitiba has always been "a city with a plan" and serves as a model of sustainable urban development and planning across the world. After the city tour, the group attends a lecture at Instituto de Pesquisa e Planejamento Urbano de Curitiba (IPPUC). There the group learns of the innovative initiatives being undertaken in Curitiba in the realms of transportation, growth management, green space, recycling, and zoning. In stark contrast to Sao Paulo city, growth and design in Curitiba seems controlled and planned, and their citizens are compassionate and compliant. After a long day, the group gets some free time to explore before heading back to the hotel in anticipation of another day of travel.


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SUMMARYOne-owner car with only 8488 milesRedline 3-coat Pearl paint / Drop Top Customs convertible top392 cubic inch Hemi V8 / 470 horsepower5G-TRONIC 5-speed automatic... More
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Added through Service, Traction Control, Brake Actuated Limited Slip Differential, Rear Wheel Drive, Power Steering, 4-Wheel Disc Brakes, Aluminum Wheels, Tires - Front Performance,... More
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2012 Ford Mustang Boss 302 in Competition Orange with Charcoal Black Interior. 5.0-liter V8 engine that produces 444 horsepower and 380 lb/ft of torque,... More
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Take advantage of our new start business package with free start-up advice and free business toolkits.Starting a New Business
We have a tailor made business succession package to make the process as smooth as possible.Passing the business on
We would be happy to talk to you about our free initial consultation packages.Changing accountants
Our specialist Chartered Tax accountant is waiting to get you back on track.Need expert tax advice
Carmarthen & Haverfordwest based Accountants, Auditors and Chartered Tax specialists LHP, have been working with the business community in South & West Wales for nearly 80 years.
We describe ourselves as an accountancy practice, with a 'personal business touch'. We pride ourselves on excellent local knowledge and deal with the smallest 'sub vat' lifestyle businesses to multi million pound turnover concerns. It is our mission to add value for our clients; while other accountants just complete end of year accounts, we work to help them grow……we are MORE THAN JUST ACCOUNTANTS.
With nearly 35 members of staff, we have the expertise to deal with the most complex of issues but small enough to provide that individual service that our clients appreciate. Each client has a service manager who will take them through our accounts process from start to finish and make the move to us as seemless as possible.
In addition, whilst we have a long established tradition with our clients, we are a practice with a modern way of thinking. Cloud accounting, through Xero, the use of Skype for communicating and numerous other techniques that we use means we are able to offer our clients a more responsive approach to their business and not just preparing their accounts.
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Pembrokeshire office
LHP are pleased to announce the opening of our Pembrokeshire office in Haverfordwest.... Read More
LHP Business Award winners
Following on from a very successful 3rd LHP Business Awards, which included over 200...Read More RSS
Design Marque - Sarah Ray
Graphic designer
From the moment that I transferred my accounting to LHP I felt they had my best interests at heart. They are committed to helping you understand the best ways to manage elements of your business, as well as taking the time to understand your business. The information is clear, concise and delivered in a friendly informative manner.
When you are busy doing what you do best, it make good economic sense to let them do what they do best – save you money! Highly recommended and trusted firm of accountants.
S J Construction (Gwili) Ltd
Fabricators and erectors of steel framed buildings - Agricultural and Equestrian
We are a local construction company and have been using LHP for a few years. We find them to be very efficient and accessible. They are extremely pro active and give excellent advice on both accountancy and taxation matters for our business. All the staff that we have dealt with in the office are friendly and extremely knowledgeable and it is important to us that the majority of them speak Welsh.
Messrs Jones, Gilfach, Llangain
Dairy and Beef Farmers
We would like to take this opportunity of expressing our appreciation of our accountants LHP, and thanking them for taking good care of our business over a great number of years. As a family, we are the third generation with LHP, and that in itself speaks volumes.
Messrs Brown, Lower Llantydwel, Taverspite
Dairy farmer
We value LHP's advice and the efficient way they undertake responsibility of the accounts and their knowledge of farming in invaluable together with the pleasant manner in which they conduct their business.
Dr Abhaya Gupta
Consultant Physician at Glangwili hospital Carmarthen.
I am very pleased about the accountancy services you have provided me over last several years. I understand the difference it made comparing service I received from previous accountant of another local company. What I find especially important is your easy accesibility, quick appointments, fast reply to emails which puts my mind at ease as things are then dealt with and sorted.
The accounts are prepared in a timely manner efficiently including dealing with queries from taxman which could be a nightmare! You give a clear professional advice for my regular income plus returns from rental income and also my Limited Company business income. I am now using your services for my family.
Thank you for being not only business colleague but friend also.
Nicholas MKTG
Experienced business consultant and manager.
LHP have shown that accounting is about more than just end of year accounts, and just as much about helping me manage my accounting needs throughout the year getting good solid tax and vat advice along the way.
They have also helped by listening when I have query and sign posting me to other services that have given me guidance on other business issues and by opening up other the business networks in financing and legal advice within an associate network throughout west Wales
Dai Nicholas
Evans and Davies Solicitors
Solicitors Aberaeron and of The Hive Aberaeron.
Excellent professional and practical advice on all aspects of my business and personal tax affairs - no problem is too great or too small for them to resolve.
Tim Lewis Dental Practice
A respected dental practice in Carmarthen.
Having been clients of LHP for the last 17 years or so I regard them as friends who have my best interests at heart. During this time I have always found them to be efficient, friendly and courteous and they have been extremely helpful with sound financial advice on many fronts ranging from taxation to investments.
I look forward to the association with LHP for many years to come.
Blue Bay Building Products Ltd
A large specialised building supplies company based in Cardiff requiring fully compliant ISA audit.
As a national company, trading in a highly dynamic market we required a firm of auditors who both understood our business environment and who could make a genuine contribution to our success.
LHP have more than exceeded our expectations in all these areas and have proven to become an extremely valued and trusted business advisor.
Prism (Charity)
Alcohol and drugs misuse charity
Prism has engaged LHP as its Auditors for over ten years.
The company has taken considerable time and effort to ensure that they clearly understand the nature of Prism's business and the environment in which we operate. They are always constructive and positive in their feedback and this has helped Prism to improve its own processes and performance over the years.
© LHP Accountants Ltd 2011 - 2015. All rights reserved.


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This forum is an un-mediated, patient-to-patient forum for questions and support regarding Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) issues such as: Aggravating Factors, Alternative Therapies, Anxiety, Constipation, Depression, Diagnosis, Diarrhea, Drugs, Hormonal Changes, Living With - Managing IBS, Medications – Drugs, Nutrition, Pain, Prevention, Research, Stress, Support Groups, Symptoms, Treatment
Acid Reflux (heartburn) and GERD flare-ups are very painful and can be debilitating. You pop some medication and hope the pain goes away, until the next attack. How can you help yourself so you can avoid the pain in the first place? You can help decrease incidents, irritation, and pain without the use of medication. The way to 'attack' Acid Reflux and GERD is by using a two method approach - Eating Behaviors and Foods to Avoid.
We all have a muscle flap (lower esophagus sphincter) in our esophagus that is attached at the top of the stomach. When we eat, food travels down the esophagus, the muscle flap opens, lets the food in the stomach, and then closes. This muscle flap serves as a door to keep the stomach acid from escaping into the esophagus. Certain food and eating behaviors cause the muscle to weaken and/or irritate the esophagus, which increases the stomach pressures and acid. Acid Reflux (Heartburn) and GERD occurs when this muscle weakens or loosens. The stomach acid seeps back up into the esophagus, causing the burning pain, discomfort. So let's see how we can eat without discomfort and pain.
Every individual is different and some may tolerate a variety of foods
better than others. Foods that you know aggravate your Acid Reflux or
GERD, must be limited or avoid those foods completely. The foods that
are questionable, suggest consuming with discretion. Eat small amounts
and see how you tolerate and slowly reintroduce them back. If you start
to have issues then cut those foods back and then they go on the
limited or avoid list.
It is recommended to keep a "Food Diary" for 1-2 weeks. You write down all the foods you eat. You enter the type of food, amount of food, time of day, and if you had any symptoms of Acid Reflux or GERD. This keeps track of the foods you are eating and you will be able to pin point what foods you are able to tolerate or not. This helps you with changing your eating habits so you are able to decrease your flare-ups significantly.


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Kim Kardashian's wedding dress is sure to be a one-of-kind stunner, and that's why she thinks it should be preserved for posterity in a museum.
"Kim has been compared to Marilyn Monroe by her husband, who think she rivals the icon. Marilyn's clothes have been showcased in places like the Hollywood Museum, and Kim wants to follow suit."
Sources tell GOSSIP TABLE that Kanye thinks the ideal spot for a Kim exhibit would be the MET – not a hard stretch know that she and Kanye are regulars and besties with Vogue editor Anna Wintour.