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Down the memory hole – Obama's promises
You remember this or at least have read or seen it on a video:
Bob Schieffer: "The fact is, unemployment is up. It is higher than when [President Obama] came to office, the economy is still in the dump. Some people say that is reason enough to make a change."
Bill Clinton:"It is if you believe that we could have been fully healed in four years. I don't know a single serious economist who believes that as much damage as we had could have been healed."
CBS's "Face the Nation," September 23, 2012
That's exactly the meme the Democrats have been trying to establish for some time. First it was "but imagine how much worse it would have been if we hadn't have acted". That foundered on the rocks of 8.2% unemployment.
The new meme is to claim – and that's all it is – that no one expected the economy to be healed in 4 years, no one. And certainly not any "serious economist(s)".
But as the Wall Street Journal points out, plenty of serious people, or at least people who'd like to have you take them seriously, not to mention a couple of "serious economists" promised exactly that – we'd be healed in 4 years. The list?
There's Joe Biden, Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid, Christina Romer, Jared Bernstein, Mark Zandi, and, most importantly, President Obama himself.
Yup, that's the case, whether or not the spin- meister, Bill Clinton wants to believe it or not. So how did that work?
Mr. Obama told Americans in 2009 that if he did not turn around the economy in three years his Presidency would be "a one-term proposition." Joe Biden said three years ago that the $830 billion economic stimulus was working beyond his "wildest dreams" and he famously promised several months after the Obama stimulus was enacted that Americans would enjoy a "summer of recovery." That was more than three years ago.
In early 2009 soon-to-be White House economists Ms. Romer and Mr. Bernstein promised Congress that the stimulus would hold the unemployment rate below 7% and that by now it would be 5.6%. Instead the rate is 8.1%. The latest Census Bureau report says there are nearly seven million fewer full-time, year-round workers today than in 2007. The labor participation rate is the lowest since 1981.
You don't say. So, in fact, plenty of serious people and at least two serious economists make Bill Clinton a liar. Yeah, I know, that's harsh considering most people don't consider political spin a "lie" per se. I'm just not one of those people.
There have been other excuses tried by the administration and its apologists as well:
The Administration and its acolytes claim that the nature of the 2008 financial collapse was different from past recessions, and that it can take up to a decade to restore growth after such a financial crisis. Economist Michael Bordo rebuts that claim with historical economic evidence nearby.
In reality, the biggest difference between this recovery and others hasn't been the nature of the crisis, but the nature of the policy prescriptions. Mr. Obama's chief anti-recession idea was a near trillion-dollar leap of faith in the Keynesian "multiplier" effect of government spending. It was the same approach that didn't work in the 1930s, didn't work in the 1970s, didn't work in 2008, and didn't work in such other nations as Japan. It didn't work again in 2009.
The fact remains that there were plenty of promises made by plenty of serious people to include "serious economists" saying they had a plan that would heal us in 4 years.
They have utterly failed.
Tell me again why they should get another 4 years to prolong the failure?
Twitter: McQandO
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Economic reality welcomes new college grads
And it isn't what they expected or hoped it would be:
A weak labor market already has left half of young college graduates either jobless or underemployed in positions that don't fully use their skills and knowledge.
Young adults with bachelor's degrees are increasingly scraping by in lower-wage jobs — waiter or waitress, bartender, retail clerk or receptionist, for example — and that's confounding their hopes a degree would pay off despite higher tuition and mounting student loans.
An analysis of government data conducted for The Associated Press lays bare the highly uneven prospects for holders of bachelor's degrees.
We continue to hear that we're in a recovery, that we're seeing better times, that all is now well.
Of course, it's not. In fact, as we mentioned in the podcast last night, we're not seeing anywhere near the growth necessary to shake this recession. Instead, we've found and are bouncing along the bottom (or at least what is the bottom for now – believe it or not, it could again get worse).
Unemployment numbers for the last two months have "unexpectedly" worse. And while the official rate is 8.2%, most realize the real unemployment rate is much higher and in double digits.
That is the world today's college grads are facing. It is a buyers market, for those that are actually hiring college grads and so they are able to select among the best. Guess what majors are faring best?
While there's strong demand in science, education and health fields, arts and humanities flounder.
Majors with immediate applicability in still growing fields of course. Meanwhile, there's not much demand for the softer and less applicable fields. And even in the majors where demand is still high, entry level jobs are of a lower type:
Median wages for those with bachelor's degrees are down from 2000, hit by technological changes that are eliminating midlevel jobs such as bank tellers. Most future job openings are projected to be in lower-skilled positions such as home health aides, who can provide personalized attention as the U.S. population ages.
This is one of those teachable moments. A sheepskin is no longer a guarantee to a high paying job. And that's certainly true of those who indulge themselves in a humanities or art degree, etc.
College graduates who majored in zoology, anthropology, philosophy, art history and humanities were among the least likely to find jobs appropriate to their education level; those with nursing, teaching, accounting or computer science degrees were among the most likely.
While perhaps the brightest and best in those areas will indeed find good paying jobs coming out of the chute, the vast majority are going to be taking jobs, if they can find them, well outside their major field of study.
By the way, I use the term "indulge" above purposefully. It would be nice to indulge yourself in something you might enjoy in college and major in it. But then don't whine when you find out that all of the companies you feel should have the benefit of your august presence aren't as excited about your degree in gender studies as you are.
That gets down to the purpose of college to each person. Is it a means of achieving a job and a life style to which one aspires and a willingness to do what is necessary to accomplish that? Or is it a place one indulges themselves giving little or no thought to the reality that awaits them at graduation?
What we are seeing is the market for college grads making a very definitive statement. It is sending signals. It is telling everyone what type of degrees are being sought and which aren't. And because of the tightness of the market, it is making decisions on merit, with the brightest and best capturing jobs and the also ran's waiting tables.
"I don't even know what I'm looking for," says Michael Bledsoe, who described months of fruitless job searches as he served customers at a Seattle coffeehouse. The 23-year-old graduated in 2010 with a creative writing degree.
Imagine that … creative writing degree. Wonderful stuff, but not to the market for those with college degrees. One would think that a person pursuing that sort of degree would have probably researched that and have a plan which might not include someone else hiring them first (i.e. selling their work on a freelance basis, etc. and knowing how to do that).
Had Mr. Bldsoe had a degree in physics or accounting or engineering, he'd stand a much better chance of being employed in his field of study. Then he could indulge himself in his creative writing passion. In fact, it would likely give him the means to do that.
Instead … "you want a tall or a grande?"
I still haven't yet figured out why supposedly bright people can't figure that little thing out. Markets are talking. Markets are sending signals. When you choose something as your major that these markets have no interest in, what do you suppose is going to happen unless you have a plan to go out on your own immediately?
They're not going to hire you just because you feel your major is important. You're going to hire someone if they feel the major is important and you have demonstrated competence in that field at a level they require.
This is the reality that, for the first time, many recent college grads are coming to grips with.
One thing this recession may finally do is drive home the idea that indulging yourself is a useless degree is not very bright or productive.
Want to study creative writing? Fine. They have minors as well in colleges. Make it your minor. But for heaven sake, take a clue and look at what is being demanded out there before declaring a major. Certainly it may not be your passion, but then unless you want to spend your days immediately after college waiting tables or hoping for a labor sellers market, where jobs are plentiful, you had better commit to a useful major.
I know, I know, that supply and demand thingy again. Gender studies majors aren't into "markets" and "supply and demand" stuff. What's wrong with me? They have a college degree, the world should be beating a pathway to their door, no?
Welcome to reality … and reality includes the immutable laws of economics whether one likes them or not. And right now, those with useless degrees find themselves on the wrong side of the demand curve.
Don't like economics?
Then content yourself with making frappes.
Otherwise, it's time to wise up, use that superior brain for what it was designed and "indulge" yourself in something the job market finds useful and valuable. Refusal to do that means a guaranteed rough transition into the real world, especially now.
Twitter: @McQandO
The economy: A little graphic context
This chart will blow you away (via James Pethakoukis):
The NY Fed explains:
The first figure shows how these three labor market variables evolved over the four post-1973 business cycles (excluding the short 1980 cycle), along with developments in the Great Recession and current recovery. We start at the lowest level of the unemployment rate before the recession and then follow the changes for three years after the rate reaches its maximum level. For the current expansion, the maximum unemployment rate occurred in October 2009.
The employment-to-population ratio displays a classic V-shape recession and recovery pattern in the 1970s and 1980s. In the recession and recovery of the early 1990s, however, the employment-to-population ratio instead displays a U shape, only returning to its pre-recession level three years after the peak in the unemployment rate. In the recession and recovery of the early 2000s, neither the participation rate nor the employment-to-population ratio returns to its previous level, so we see an incomplete U-shape pattern.
In the most recent cycle, the employment-to-population ratio traces out an L shape, but the unemployment rate falls because the participation rate declines substantially (a much more gradual decline was expected by many given the aging of the baby boomers); in other words, a larger share of the population is out of the labor force rather than participating and being unemployed.
We've seen a lot of happy talk about how well the economy is doing now. Most of that comes from the media which has about as much of a grasp on the economy and how it works as does the current occupant of the White House.
A look at those four recessionary cycles gives context to the depth of the one we're currently battling. If you look closely at the part of the chart depicting our current situation, you realize that while we've seemingly bottomed out, the employment-to-population ratio is not rising. And that, of course, is because of the horrendous drop in the labor force participation.
It points out two things – one that the "official" unemployment rate should be taken with a grain of salt. And two, that the stimulus had little apparent effect (sorry, but I don't buy the "it could have been worse" argument. We have no way of knowing that) if the purpose was to shorten the recessionary cycle and keeping employment below 8%. It did neither of those things.
Finally, no matter what numbers and happy talk the media and administration throw out there, unemployment and the state of the economy are a very personal things to voters. Those who remain unemployed certainly aren't seeing an "improvement" in the economy from where they sit. And it is from there they'll make their decision as to who they'll vote for in November. All the media smoke and mirrors about the improving economy aren't likely to sway those who remain unemployed or are underemployed to see it their way. They'll, instead, vote the reality of their situation and are unlikely to vote for the candidate who they feel has done little to ameliorate their situation.
Twitter: @McQandO
Will Eurobonds Work?
(Originally posted at Risk and Return)
I have been skeptical and so is James Bianco:
The problem in Europe is simple – they created a common currency – the euro. For years, the market erred. It thought that meant that every sovereign debt had the same rating as Germany. I was buying Greek bonds. I was buying Irish bonds. I was buying Italian bonds. But I thought I was buying German bonds. Then, a couple of years ago, I had an epiphany – no, I was not buying German bonds; I was buying Greece, Italy, and Ireland, or whatever, not Germany.
Those countries, recognizing that they could borrow into infinity because everybody thought they were lending to Germany, pretty much did that and expanded their welfare states to the point where they cannot pay their debts.
Germany has disappointed everybody with its intransigence, its unwillingness to "get with the program," and endorse massive ECB bond buying and Eurobonds. Their reason? They believe they will be stuck with the bill. Of course, they are right, they will be:
If a Eurobond market comes with with strict discipline/rules on borrowing and paying debt back, it might work. Unfortunately no one will agree to a Eurobond market with strict discipline/rules.
If a Eurobond market comes with no discipline/rules, then it is just another way to trick the market into thinking they are buying German Bunds. It will "work" for a while as the crisis will ease until everyone borrows too much money and then comes back much worse.
I am not even sure it will work more than a few days at this point, but maybe. Either way it is not a solution, but a stop gap at best. It is also a stop gap that should not be attempted unless an actual endgame is in sight:
So how do you fix the Euro crisis? Unfortunately there are only three solutions and all are distasteful:
- Call off the union and go back to legacy currencies. This destroys the banking system who will be paid back with devalued/nearly worthless currencies.
- Massive austerity. This option is very unpopular among the electorates and will cause a bad recession/depression.
- Fiscal union. This is a nice way of saying Germany finally wins WW2. Is the rest of Europe now ready to take orders from Berlin? Didn't they fight two wars to prevent this?
The only reason ECB printing keeps being mentioned is because the three options above are untenable and money printing is the only other thing they can think of. Money printing does NOT fix anything, it just makes the problem better for a while until it comes back worse than before.
This dovetails with my analysis in The German Dilemma that their are no good options from the German perspective, and in fact fiscal union is far more problematic than commonly realized:
Full Fiscal Integration: Since all other solutions put in place circumstances that are unstable and merely kick the can down the road, the fundamental flaw in the Euro needs to be addressed. That is the lack of a unified fiscal policy. The answer then is the end of sovereignty, the creation of a US of Europe. An obvious objection is that Germany wants to be a sovereign nation. We'll skip this niggling little detail, but even if they didn't want to remain sovereign do they want to harmonize laws and economic policy with Greece and some of the other PIIGS? West Germany just integrated with East Germany and the experience was traumatic featuring massive transfers to East Germans. The PIIGS will still not be competitive with Germany. That means internal adjustments (internal devaluation or austerity) to allow them to become more competitive for the PIIGS' or massive transfers. Thus unifying the Eurozone under a single fiscal policy means massive transfers from Germany to the PIIGS to harmonize the welfare states and unify the debt and avoid austerity throwing the entire Eurozone into depression. Germans will pay for the debt in one fashion or another.
Cullen Roche points out that in the US we don't worry much about the need for internal transfers between states to keep the system sound. Today that is true, though it has led to large conflicts in our past, playing a role in civil unrest, uprisings, the conquest of a continent and near destruction of its former inhabitants and the Civil War. Our unity was easier to envision and still born of blood and tragedy.
I am not saying unification of Europe would lead to such tragedies and conflicts. However, we need to ask if Germany (or really all the countries) want to make the internal transfers that make such a system work? Germans would pay a great deal, Greece and the other PIIGS would suffer internal austerity to the extent that they contribute to the economic re-balancing. Do Europeans, or most importantly the Germans, view themselves as a people who will be responsible for paying all the bills to integrate the Greeks and others?
Are Europeans ready to think about their home countries in the same way Texans think of Texas? Their state, but completely subordinate to the US? Will they be able to secede? We answered that question in the US with a war of incredible savagery and destruction. My guess is a unified Europe would be far less stable. They will not choose a civil war comparable to the US, but instead countries leaving over time as well as never entering the union. That leaves us with all the problems we have now still being there. Without a European populace overwhelmingly in favor of a true union this will not work. We would be faced with a PIIGS like crisis with every election and the possibility of secession in each of the former countries.
The necessity of creating a union where there is no possibility of secession, where citizens are more loyal to the European sovereign entity than their own countries is incredibly unappreciated. Half measures will not work. If Texas were to get upset about staying in our own Union it would not matter how overwhelmingly popular the idea of leaving was in the Texas legislature, the US military will ensure that Texas stays a subordinate state. We decided that issue in 1865 at the cost of well over 600k casualties.
If a similarly firm enforcement of Eurozone union is not agreed to (and setting aside a war to force union) then why should the market assume the system will remain intact? Why consider the bonds issued by the various states, or the Eurozone as a whole, deserve a AAA rating? My belief is that eventually the Eurozone will suffer other crises as states face local elections that wish to leave for one reason or another. Critically Eurobonds and fiscal Union make it easier for countries to leave, since the debt will be the Eurozone's, not theirs. They can leave and stick the remaining members with the bill. That is an incentive which virtually ensures instability.
Treaties don't matter if there is no enforcement mechanism, and all enforcement mechanisms at the end of the day have to have a credible belief in military force behind them to matter. Otherwise those who wish to exit can just thumb their noses at whoever stays behind. Has there ever been a successful union where the underlying members could leave? Not that I am aware of.
There are no good options, only more or less realistic ones.
The Decapitalization of the West
There is an implicit, if unspoken consensus among many—if not most—in the economic community of the west that the worst portion of our current economic difficulty is behind us. That the economy, weak and shaky as it may be, has avoided the danger of complete collapse. The opinion holds that we can look forward resignedly, if not confidently, to a period, however long, of subpar economic growth, but growth nonetheless.
I fear that confidence is misplaced. The fiscal and monetary policy mix we seem determined to pursue, is not only unwise, but presents grave economic risks that should not be overlooked. I am not the only one to feel this way. On Monday, Professor Kevin Dowd gave the address shown below at the Adam Smith Institute, the UK's leading Libertarian think tank. It's entitled The Decapitalization of the West, and it's primary theme, as a survey of the economies of the West, and their policy results, can best be encapsulated with the lyrics of a Noel Coward song: " There are bad times just around the corner, There are dark clouds hurtling through the sky".
It takes an hour of your time to watch this. You owe yourself that hour, if for no other reason than to learn how you might prepare for the economic troubles for which 2009 was just a prelude.
"Keynesianism has been tested to destruction," and we're about to pay the price for that testing.
Dale Franks
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Nobel Prize-winning economist endorses my economic analysis
Well, this is interesting. Paul Krugman finally agrees with me:
[W]e already know what isn't working: the economic policy of the past two years — and the millions of Americans who should have jobs, but don't."
I'd just like to point out that I knew those economic policies wouldn't work back in 2009, writing about them here. Since then, I've just been watching the kangaroo. So It's nice to see Krugman joining me in declaring "fail"—though he does so with the advantage of 20/20 hindsight.
I eagerly anticipate my upcoming invitation to Sweden.
Where we diverge is in providing solutions. As always, Krugman's solution is more spending, and more debt. But with debt already at 100% of GDP, we're really in uncharted waters, and I have no confidence that more debt is the answer, if the problem is the existing debt overhang.
The real question I'm concentrating on is, "At what point do the markets recognize not only that the debt path we're on is unsustainable, but that it is going to be impossible to pay it back?" Is that 120% of GDP? 150%? I don't know. But I fear that we're going to learn the answer.
On the bright side, I'll be able to pay off the remaining 19 years of my mortgage for the cost of a nice hat. On the down side, a new Astros baseball cap will cost $200,000. On the bright side, again, the $100,000 from my Nobel will cover half of that, so it's all good.
Dale Franks
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The markets are telling us things
Let's see how today went, shall we? We got our debt ceiling deal, but the Dow dropped 266 points, and the S&P 500 fell 33 points, so it's now negative for the year. The yield on the 10-year T-note dropped to 2.61%. Gold, meanwhile, hit a fresh record high of $1,644.50/oz. So, I guess this year's Recovery Summer is over.
None of this, by the way, has anything to do with the debt limit battle in DC. No one on Wall Street really thought a deal wouldn't be struck. At the end of the day, everybody was pretty confident that the debt ceiling would be raised, and a default avoided.
Stock prices are volatile, of course, so one day's movement doesn't mean much, but we have lost about 800 points on the Dow since 22 July, so the trend isn't good. What's worse is the steady decline on treasury yields and the climbing price of gold. When you couple that with the 0.4% 1Q GDP increase, and the danger of downward revisions to the lackluster 2Q GDP over the next two months, the evolving picture doesn't look pretty. We've also has a few weeks of unremittingly bad economic releases, showing the economy might be heading back towards recession, and unemployment getting closer to 10% than 8%.
So then what's the problem? I mean, we've had our big stimulus, and our TARP and our Quantitative Easing I and II, and we're still not only barely budging into positive GDP territory, but now all the signs are showing the economy slowing. What's happening? Why isn't any of this working?
I think the answer can be found in what I wrote in my previous post about debt levels, and how over the last several years…
…a body of peer-reviewed work has been developed (PDF) that shows that an excess of government debt serves as a drag on the economy, shaving at least a full percentage point off of annual GDP growth. And we've learned that this negative economic effect has a non-linear effect on economic growth as debt increases.
What seems to happen is that, as you begin to approach a debt-to-GDP ratio of 100%, economic growth slows. As you add debt, there's a non-linear decrease in economic growth. and each additional increment of debt slows growth more than the last. As I also pointed out, this has some pretty scary implications for Keynesian policies, because as you add debt, you're no longer stimulating growth, you're hindering it ever more strongly.
That puts policy makers in a pretty bad spot. For instance, right now, real short-term interest rates are effectively zero, so the interest rate tool is no longer of any use to the Fed. You can't lower rates below 0%. With that tool gone, the only thing left to try and stimulate the economy is to add more debt. Conversely, cutting spending will result in more government workers and contractors being moved over to the unemployment line, and the economy still slows. It's a trap, where all the standard policy moves result in a slowing economy.
Back in the 80's my fellow Econ and Business undergrads would debate about all the debt Reagan was adding, and trying to figure out when all that debt would begin crowding out private investment and slowing economic growth. As it turned out, it took far longer than any of us believed it would, but I think we finally have the answer.
The really scary this is that, if we decided that we had to bite the bullet, and impose some austerity, it really wouldn't help much. We could cut discretionary spending by half, and all it would do is gain us a few years of breathing space before the coming explosion in Social Security and Medicare entitlements—about $60-76 trillion worth of them—eat up any short-term savings and debt reduction we might acquire. After all, discretionary spending—including defense—is only about 39% of the current budget anyway.
What part does economic growth play in all this? Well, it's clear that 2% per year isn't going to help much.
It is a generally accepted truism that the trend rate of growth in a mature economy is 3%. There are a lot of reasons given for this; slower population growth in developed countries, large sunk costs in plant and capital, blah, blah, blah. But why should any of that matter? Just because population growth is slow, it doesn't necessarily follow that the growth of wealth or human ingenuity is hampered.
Here is a reason for that slow growth that's almost never given. You see, one of the things that mature economies all seem to have in common is large government expenditures, extensive entitlements, massive regulatory oversight, and increasing debt. All of that is financed by taxation to remove money from the productive portion of the economy. So, one of the primary reasons we have slower economic growth is because we trade it for public goods.
Now, we may love these public goods. And they are certainly nice to have if you can afford them. But the evidence is increasingly that we cannot. if we could, we wouldn't be racking up a level of peacetime debt that's nearly 90% of GDP. Not only do we give up a lot of economic growth to sustain these public goods, but, apparently, we eventually give up all of it…at which point, we have to give up the public goods as well.
If we really want to climb out of this hole, then what we really need to do is to radically rethink what government should be, what it should be allowed to do, and how it's funded. It's not enough any more to cut budgets, while leaving the regulatory, entitlement, taxation, and spending structure intact. A truly radical solution would be to limit government spending and revenues to no more than 10% of GDP in peacetime. Replace the income tax with a 10% VAT. Eliminate the departments of Education, Commerce, Labor, Transportation and Agriculture. Repeal most Federal criminal laws. Privatize social security. Enforce free markets, rather than the crony capitalism we have now.
No one in our current political class has the slightest interest in any of those suggestions. Drastically reducing the size and scope of government is the only solution that can possibly increase economic growth substantially, and give us a shot at paying off our ever-increasing debt, but our current political class will never embrace that.
The thing is, reality doesn't care what the political class—or anyone else for that matter—wants. It just is what it is. So, no matter what happens, we won't have to worry about the deficit or government spending for much longer. Either we'll fix the problem by electing a political class that's devoted to cutting government across the board and paying down the debt. Or we won't fix the problem, and the resulting bankruptcy and hyperinflation will allow us to monetize our debt, wipe out the life savings of every person in the country, and we will start over from scratch with a bright shiny new currency!
But the problem will get solved. The only question is how much control we'll retain over the process, and how much government we'll retain at the end of it.
Dale Franks
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Meanwhile, back to the mundane but very important stuff–the economy
I think Bob Gorrell's cartoon fairly represents what we should be talking about now after a week of bin Ladanpalooza.
As Dale said in the podcast last night, it seems much more likely we're in the 2nd year of a "lost decade" than any real recovery. You get the feeling, or at least I do, that our so-called economic experts at the tiller of the ship have absolutely no clue as to how to proceed. Dale also mentions that if we were calculating unemployment and inflation like we used too in the '80s we'd most likely be looking at about 18% unemployment and 10% inflation and wearing our "Whip Inflation Now" buttons already.
In the meantime you can literally see the steam escaping the GOP push to trim the budget, cut spending and downsize government. It's like everyone in government (and many voters) are still in denial.
If we were to resurrect the Misery Index, I'd dare say we'd be in new territory speaking of misery. And, as I stated on the podcast, I'm surprised there aren't those out there asking Ronald Reagan's favorite questions – "Are you better off today than you were 4 years ago?"
My intent isn't to sound alarmist, but maybe it's time to be more than just a little alarmed. Commodities are rising, wages are flat, and while we did see over 200,000 jobs created this past cycle, 60,000 of them were at McDonalds – literally – and we saw over 400,000 initial claims for unemployment registered. "Unexpected", of course.
In fact, it seems that we're getting sunshine pumped up our skirts with weekly pronouncements that it is "getting better" out there. Well, I for one am not seeing that.
Twitter: @McQandO
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Officials can call it what they want, most Americans think we're still in a recession/depression
And like it or not, the Obama administration's future probably depends on turning that around somehow:
The April 20-23 Gallup survey of 1,013 U.S. adults found that only 27 percent said the economy is growing. Twenty-nine percent said the economy is in a depression and 26 percent said it is in a recession, with another 16 percent saying it is "slowing down," Gallup said.
With growth slowing to 1.8% in the first quarter, those on the pessimistic side seem to have a point.
Severe winter weather, a dip in defense spending and higher energy prices all slowed the growth of gross domestic product in the January-through-March quarter.
Of course our economic experts – who've been so dead on all through the financial difficulties – say this is only a temporary blip and recovery should restart anytime. But:
Leaders of the Federal Reserve, for example, said Wednesday that they expect the economy to grow 3.1 to 3.3 percent in 2011; in January their estimate was 3.4 to 3.9 percent.
Keep an eye on energy prices (which have an effect on everything we produce/buy) as a means of testing that claim. If they stay up, which appears likely, then growth isn't going to speed up that much. Remember the economy needs to grow at about 2.5% annual clip to begin to expand the job markets. Right now that isn't happening. And energy prices could be the drag that keeps it from happening.
Oh, and key demographic in the poll?
Fifty-seven percent of independent voters — a crucial segment of the electorate for Obama's re-election bid — said the economy is in a recession or depression and 24 percent said it is growing.
Big job ahead to change those numbers around. And not much time.
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Maybe I'm just an alarmist
In the Financial Times today, Martin Wolf comes out swinging (free registration required) against those who are afraid the Fed's Quantitative Easing programs carry a danger of sparking serious inflation.
The essence of the contemporary monetary system is creation of money, out of nothing, by private banks' often foolish lending. Why is such privatisation of a public function right and proper, but action by the central bank, to meet pressing public need, a road to catastrophe? When banks will not lend and the broad money supply is barely growing, that is just what it should be doing (see chart).
The hysterics then add that it is impossible to shrink the Fed's balance sheet fast enough to prevent excessive monetary expansion. That is also nonsense. If the economy took off, nothing would be easier. Indeed, the Fed explained precisely what it would do in its monetary report to Congress last July. If the worst came to the worst, it could just raise reserve requirements. Since many of its critics believe in 100 per cent reserve banking, why should they object to a move in that direction?
Now turn to the argument that the Fed is deliberately weakening the dollar. Any moderately aware person knows that the Fed's mandate does not include the external value of the dollar. Those governments that have piled up an extra $6,800bn in foreign reserves since January 2000, much of it in dollars, are consenting adults. Not only did no one ask China, the foremost example, to add the huge sum of $2,400bn to its reserves, but many strongly asked it not to do so.
Everything he says is correct, but that's not really any help, because the implications are pretty severe, even if he's completely right.
First, let's assume the Fed can, via repos or changes in reserve requirements, sterilize the increase in the money supply. The problem then becomes when does the Fed do this sterilization. let's go back to 1981-1982. When the Fed was looking at monetary aggregates in the wake of the 1981 recession, they saw the money supply growing far faster than their target. At the time, the Fed's primary tool was securities sales and purchases to control the rate of growth in the money supply directly, while letting the markets set interest rates. (Today, the fed primarily uses changes in the Discount Rate and Federal Funds target rate to run monetary policy.)
When the Fed saw those big increases in money supply, they immediately moved to sterilize the increases, to keep inflation in check. Sadly, the lack of velocity in the money supply, i.e., its actual rate of use in transactions, was near zero. as a result, the Fed's tightening threw the economy into another recession, with unemployment rising to 11%. The policy may have been correct, but the timing was wrong.
So, what guarantee do we have that the Fed will perform sterilization at precisely the right time? If they move too early, the economy shuts down, a la 1982. Too late, and inflation takes off. Then the Fed would really have to tighten, which would probably result in another recession to wring out the extra inflation.
The trouble with the Fed is that monetary policy moves take 6-18 months to fully percolate through the economy. And they make these decisions based on economic data gathered in previous months. It's like driving down the street by looking only at the rear-view mirror.
That makes proper timing by the Fed…hard.
Perhaps the Fed will operate as if run by infinitely wise solons, who know precisely when to sterilize their quantitative easing, either through repo operations, or raising the banks' reserve requirements appropriately.
If it doesn't, however, we're looking at either another steep recession, or a bout of serious inflation, follwed by another serious recession to tame the inflation.
Oh, and even if the Fed is that good, it doesn't address the problem of how the Chinese will react to any increased currency risk they face by holding dollar-denominated securities if the value of the dollar falls in the FOREX. As Mr. Wolf admits, the Fed's mandate has nothing to do with the foreign exchange value of the dollar. So, maybe, the Chinese will decide to sell as much of their holdings in Treasuries as they can. That implies a serious decline in treasury prices, and a concommittant rise in bond yields, i.e., interest rates. Aaaand, we're back to a possibility of a steep recession again Especially if they do it while the Fed is already in the middle of money supply sterilization operations.
So, I guess the question is, "How much to you trust in the ability of the Federal Reserve to do exactly the right thing, at exactly the right time?" And, "How much do you trust the Chinese to go along with all this?"


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By Stan Albert
"It's not what you've got, it's what you use that makes the difference." – Zig
So the Competition Bureau and all its advocates, including a strong and well-funded lobby group in Ottawa, have proclaimed that what we've been doing in providing an excellent facility for posting listings is now unfair to the public and we must bend or else!
I've been at home these past two weeks, recuperating from a knee replacement surgery and have had ample time to pursue various articles in the National Post, The Toronto Star and the Globe and Mail about the impending doom that will eventually, in one form or another, befall our industry.
Look, I'm not against free agency or the right for John Q. Public to post his "listings" on the present sacrosanct MLS system and pay us to bring them a buyer. Not at all.
But let me pose these questions to the public and the honourable lady who heads up the Competition Bureau.
1. Who is going to ensure the owner's listing is correct?
2. Who is going to ensure that on closing, the seller has given all pertinent information regarding latent or patent deficiencies?
3. Where is the security deposit cheque to go to?
4. Has the seller filled out all the prescribed government forms, i.e. FINTRAC and the like?
5. How does the buyer know that the seller is who he says he is?
6. What happens if some of the chattels seen on inspection disappear on closing?
7. Here's a good one! What happens if the spouses are divorcing/ separating?
8. What if the seller is not a Canadian citizen…who will ascertain his/her citizenship?
9. What happens if one of the owners disappears at closing and who is going to find him/her?
10. Who are you going to contact for answers to any or all of the above, once the seller posts his listing on MLS?
A writer from the Globe and Mail points out that with the HST coming in, our world will collapse or something near to it.
Frankly, like most of you, I'm fed up with these writers taking "pot shots" at us every time there's a blip on our radar.
So, here's the challenge: That's right; I'm throwing down the gauntlet now! Step into our shoes for, not a month, just a week, to see what it takes to make a commission on a residential sale. Work all week in the hopes that your offer will be accepted. Work all week and hope that there are not multiple offers. Check any seasoned agent out for a week. See what it takes to earn a living totally on commission, as most of us have for many years.
Stop writing only from the objective view point and get "down and dirty" with a professional for a change! And by the way, maybe some of you writers should check out the classified ads for a job soon, as those of us in the industry choose other media, including the social network that many of us have adopted. Because as your papers' revenues go down, do you really think that your employers will need you?
By the way, I just called into our Deals Desk and we've never had so many closings. It's a good thing that many readers are not driven to react adversely to the writings in the national papers, or else we'd be applying for EI benefits!
Bob Aaron, a well-known real estate lawyer, had a jousting match with me over property disclosure forms. He's probably going to have a little fun with this newest gambit to invade our "sanctuary", known as MLS. Bob, should we get the litigators lined up now, because as I see it, there will be ample opportunities for them to reap the rewards.
Who's going to pick up the challenge? Let me know because I've got a few Realtors who would just love the opportunity to show you how/what it takes to be a commission earning individual. When you do the research on Realtors, get both sides of the "story" for a change.
Does one pay a surgeon for his three or four hours of surgery, or for the maybe 10 to 12 years it took him to get to the O.R.? Hmmm. Interesting for you writers who may take the time to read REM.
With thanks to Barry Lebow, for his many commentaries to me on these subjects.
Posted: 2010-03-29 07:47:22
Want to sell condo Toronto? If yes then you are at the right place. At Canada, especially in Toronto your search for a perfect real estate broker to find out best Toronto Condo for Sale can't end at a better place. I Marco Momeni, assures you best value for your condo and unmatched customer service at most competitive cost. I can even help you make your condo more attractive so that we can finish the whole transaction and selling procedure in least possible time. Selling a condominium in Toronto is a very herculean task. And if you want to try to sell condo Toronto all by yourself then the whole process will be nightmarish. So let me handle your Toronto condo for sale, I guarantee you best value at most affordable price. I even have the experience to take care of all the legal procedures such as preparation of agreement papers and various other necessary things which are required at the time of condo selling. We are committed to strike the best deal for your Toronto condo for sale by finding out the most suitable person or family who can pay you correct amount. I can achieve this by utilizing mine as well as your network of family, friends, neighbors, office colleague etc. I even strive hard enough to popularize your Toronto condo for sale by using internet, print and visual medium, and various other advanced advertising and marketing techniques. As I have years of experience selling, buying and renting properties in Canada and especially in Toronto, We know in great detail about the important factors that makes difference in sealing a deal. Using all these knowledge, I give my clients many inputs and advices about staging their property which makes them more attractive and gets them better return on that.

subset: commoncrawl


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Rocky Ridge Neighbors Donate $500 for iPads at West Library
At a Halloween event on Thurs., Oct. 31, at the Rocky Ridge Community Gardens, the Rocky Ridge Neighborhood Association (RRNA) donated $500 to the West Library, which will be used for the purchase of two iPads. The iPads will be available for use in the West Library, once purchased. This donation comes from profits of the Rocky Ridge Neighbors' recent maple syrup project from trees in the neighborhood. From the 2013 sales, about $3,500 in profits have been allocated and reinvested into neighborhood community assets.
Despite the rainy evening, members of the RRNA celebrated Halloween with cider and treats for children and gathered to present the check to the Library. The community garden was once the site of an abandoned house. Two years ago, the grass would have been as high as one's waist, but today the maintained garden is being used for community purposes, such as the Halloween event.
"The Library appreciates the efforts of the Rocky Ridge Neighbors and we are certain the community will welcome the addition of iPads at the West branch library," said Heidi Daniel, Library Executive Director. "It's heartening to see the community pull together in this way to support their library."
Home | Library CatalogThe Library is not responsible for changes to the content of linked sites, nor for the content of sources accessed through subsequent links.


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On the green for green
Wounded Warriors Golf Tournament aims to raise money for disabled vets
When Rep. Gabrielle Giffords was shot last January, Dale Mullin, like the rest of the nation, was glued to his television.
"But the coverage went on for weeks and weeks and weeks," Mullin said, "and I thought to myself, 'There are a tremendous amount of guys coming back from the war who are just slipping back into society. Their stories just don't get coverage.' "
Mullin, himself a veteran of the Vietnam War, knows a thing or two about returning postwar into the apathetic arms of an ungrateful nation.
"I know how I felt when I came back from Vietnam in 1968," he said. "We were treated like monsters; we were totally demonized. They called us baby killers."
As he logged time with Fox News, watching talking heads discuss every intimate detail of Giffords' injuries, Mullin couldn't help but feel angry. Where was the coverage for the heroes returning from war?
"I got angry about it, but I decided to turn that anger into a positive," said the retired businessman, who has lived in Naples full time for the past four years. That positive would become this weekend's Wounded Warrior Golf Tournament.
"During my career, I'd always promised myself that I'd do volunteer work when I retired," he said. "It's how I dealt with my conscience."
And with this tournament, Mullin is entering the world of philanthropy in a big way. His first-ever attempt at a charity golf tournament is set to raise between $25,000 and $30,000 — not bad for a man with a fire in his belly and a bit of extra free time.
Mullin credits his success to two things: the quality of the organization he's raising money for and his ability to ask for things for free.
"I did my research. I'm always suspicious of veterans organizations, but the Wounded Warrior Project checked out," he explained, producing a sheet with the group's financials on it. "Something like 82 cents of every dollar goes to the warriors."
During the fundraising process, Mullin has found that no matter who he goes to in the community, people are eager to help.
"People want to help, he said, "but they don't always know how to help. Ninety seven percent of the people I've talked to in the community have made this so easy and have said 'yes' to helping."
And he's not afraid to ask for the world.
"When I asked La Playa golf course if they'd sponsor the tournament, I didn't ask for a discounted rate, I said, 'we're talking about free here.' "
Steven Lockwood, managing partner of the private course, is used to local groups asking to use his course for charity events.
"We'll discount our rates, but we won't give it away," Lockwood said, adding "but for the Wounded Warrior Project, it was the right thing to do."
On Saturday, the course and cart rentals will be waived, meaning all of the registration fees for the tournament will go directly to the foundation. Those fees will in turn pay for backpacks full of vital supplies for soldiers medevaced out of the field and into hospitals, as well as counseling programs that help veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder and a bevy of other programs which help wounded warriors move from the battlefield back to healthy, successful and fulfilling civilian lives.
"All of the sudden you're right back into society," Mullin said of his own experience transitioning from war to regular life. "Yesterday I was worried about being killed and killing people, and today I'm watching football. There's just a disconnect."
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Daily Sales Up to 70% OFF Limited-time deals start every day at 12 pm ET.
By designing easy-to-use, safe, and comfortable parenting products, Abiie LLC intends to make life better for parents and kids alike. It goes without saying that Abiie strollers are not only solution-oriented but also attractive and hip in their look and feel. By integrating features with functionality, they attend to the parenting as well as aesthetic needs of consumers.
Based in Austin--the heart of Texas, Abiie LLC is essentially a team of skilled engineers, who improve the lives of families by providing practical solutions to daily life problems. It is the only company that owns the right to produce and license G2G BabyDeck diaper-changing strollers to customers around the world. These strollers make it easy for parents to change diapers no matter where they are!


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The shop alone makes this tourist-orientated whisky centre worth a visit. The selection of blended whisky and single malts, some popular and some obscure, often includes some nifty limited editions at premium prices: a 40-year-old Dalmore from an oloroso sherry cask, for instance, at £1,425 per bottle.
However, the hour-long tour remains the main attraction. Visitors are guided through a series of displays, exhibitions and finally a theme-park style ride, which together chart the history of whisky production since the 15th century. Scotland's national drink is shown in all its constituent parts, with the tastes, smells and noises of its production cleverly intertwined in an educational (if light-hearted) sensory journey. If you're over 18, the charge includes a dram, designed in part to entice drinkers down to the well-stocked bar below the exhibition.
Area Old Town
Transport Bus 23, 27, 41, 42, 45
Telephone 0131 220 0441
Open June-Aug 9.30am-6.30pm daily. Sept-May 10am-6pm daily. Last tour 1hr before closing.
Admission £11; £5.95-£8.50 discounts; free under-5s; £25 family.
How much!! Sorry but what a rip off. What a bad impression these ridiculous prices must make on visitors. A lot of attractions are overpriced. I'd rather spend the money in a bar!
Really not worth the entry free. this website says the adult ticket is £11 however it is nearly £13. Overall the tour is great, Just not worth the Admission free which depending on which ticket you get £13 is the starting price.
Saying that it is Edinburgh and it is overall over priced for many star attractions within the city.


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Android sneaks past iOS as most popular smartphone operating system in Australia
Android sneaks past iOS as most popular smartphone operating system in Australia
Wednesday December 12, 2012
SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA – There is a new leader in the Australian smartphone race with handsets running Google's Android operating system now outnumbering Apple's iOS-based iPhone devices for the first time, according to new findings from emerging technology research firm Telsyte.
Telsyte research shows that 44 per cent of smartphones being used in Australia are now running Android, just ahead of the 43 per cent running iOS. Together, both operating systems dominate the local smartphone market consisting of more than ten million handsets currently used by consumers for both personal and business use.
Telsyte research director Foad Fadaghi said Google's Android has caught up because it is available on a much wider range of handsets and is almost equal in terms of features and third-party applications.
"Our new research shows that the lower prices, faster product cycles and carrier support has helped Android become the leading platform," Fadaghi says.
However, Apple has the highest repeat purchase intention amongst consumers, with iPhone upgrades significantly driving re-contracting with carriers.
Telsyte research also shows high lock-in rates for some vendors, making the market line-ball in terms of forecasts moving forward, with the battle for the remainder of people not yet using smartphones still up for grabs.
The Telsyte Australian Smartphone Market Study 2013-2017 is a comprehensive report which provides subscribers with key market data including sizing and forecasts; vendor & carrier strategies; content provider & developer strategies; smartphone accessories opportunities; platform developments; product reviews and ratings; and discussions on strategic issues for CIOs and business users. More than 20 companies are considered including: Apple, Dell, Facebook, Fairfax, Google, HTC, Huawei, LG, Mi9, Microsoft, Motorola Mobility, Nokia, Optus, PayPal, RIM, Samsung, Sony Mobile, Telstra, VHA and others.
For further information on the report or media inquiries contact:
Foad Fadaghi
Research Director
Tel: +612 8297 4651
Twitter: @foadfadaghi
Email: email@example.com
Alvin Lee
Tel: +61 2 8297 4690
Twitter: @AlvinLee_
Email: email@example.com
About Telsyte's Australian Smartphone Market Study 2013
The Telsyte Australian Smartphone Market Study 2013-2017 is a comprehensive report which provides subscribers with key market metrics including:
• Market sizing, share and forecasts
• Vendor & carrier strategies
• Content provider & developer strategies
• End user trends
• Discussions on strategic issues for CIOs and businesses
• Product reviews and insights
About Telsyte
Telsyte delivers strategic insights and advisory services to businesses that are producing, or are impacted by, disruptive technologies. Through deep insights and local engagement, we partner with clients to make informed decisions and achieve business objectives. Telsyte publishes studies into consumer and business markets and provides custom research and advisory services. Our market leading coverage includes emerging technologies, mobility, enterprise IT, digital media and telecommunications. Telsyte is a wholly-owned business unit of UXC Limited. UXC is an ASX-listed Australian IT services company and the largest Australian-owned ICT consultancy firm with over 2,500 customer organisations in the private and public sectors across Australasia. For more information see www.telsyte.com.au.


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Too often the perception is that the CIO is a glorified geek. The reality is that the CIO is one of the most important executive roles in the organization. The person in that role must be business savvy and not only understand the vision of the company but also be able to help formulate it. Here are ten highlights on the "I" in CIO's title:
Majority of businesses today are on the journey to digitalization and globalization. The reason is that the world is becoming smaller everyday and as a consequence every successful business has to sooner or later go beyond borders. At the same time the global business landscape is only becoming more complex due to varied factors. And it is in this context that Organizations build business verticals within to manage the complexity. So the logical concerns could be: What kind of IT leaders are on demand? Transformational or transactional? What're differences between Transformation vs.
It's almost the end of year again, many business and technology predictions popped up, it seams 2013 is too close to read tea leaves again as we did last year, to evoke full picture of imagination, a few forward-looking organizations start contemplate what will be happening in 2020: How big is big Data; how "mega" the city would be, will talent mobility continue to dance cross the globe, or the cloud keeps flow through the digital universe., etc….
IT and HR have many things in common, HR is taking charge of the most valuable asset – people in organization; and IT is custodian of business's life blood, the other crucial business asset – information; at digital era, both IT & HR functions are short of business's high expectation, and not get well-respected in organization, since they have been perceived as cost center, rather than value center.
IT project priority is critical for many organizations, as most of IT organizations are still at lower level of maturity, being perceived as cost center, slow response to business's request, spend most of resources on "Keeping Light On", it's a department usually under-budget, overloaded with projects assignment, and with reputation on over-promise and under-delivery.


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As of Saturday, May 26, 2012
© Copyright 2015 Gwinnett Daily Post
LAWRENCEVILLE -- Jessica Howell, a Muscogee Creek-Cherokee Indian, has been attending the American Indian Festival since its first year in 1992. She returns every year to celebrate her heritage as well as the festival's founder, who passed away in 2006.
"(Founder) Paul Eddy was an amazing man and he treated me like I was a family member," the Lawrenceville resident said while wearing traditional Native American garb. "I would've come (to the event) even if I didn't live 10 minutes down the street."
Eddy's widow Toadie and son Ryan believe the same thing. They loved Paul and continue to produce the festival year after year to honor him.
"We want to carry it on in Paul's memory as long as we can. We've been doing all this length of time, so it seems like something we need to keep up," Toadie Eddy said. "When Paul started this, he just said that the Native Americans were the most misunderstood, culturally. He wanted to really educate the people."
So he began the American Indian Festival which is rich with Native American history, art and storytelling.
Twenty years later, tribes from around the country and some from Canada travel to Lawrenceville for the three-day event over Memorial Day weekend as a celebration.
The people come together to pay homage to their heritage through drum and dance competitions. Howell has been dancing since she was 5 years old and participates in the competition vying for first, second or third prize. Winners take home cash for being the best dancer in their age group, sex and type of dance.
"You learn from the elders and what they say to you, you watch people and you always do your own thing, but take bits and pieces from everyone and make it your own," she said.
Besides the competitions, the other extravagant event of the day is the grand entry during the festival -- 2 p.m. today and 1 p.m. Monday. The grand entry includes dancers and color guards entering an area to create a large dance circle adorned in feathers, bright colors, beads, leather and other Native American attire. Different tribes dance specific ways during the ceremony. For those who can't decipher between the many moves, all of the dances are explained during the session.
For live music, the Locklear Sisters from Clark Lake, Mich. perform during the day. Sisters Summer and Amber Locklear are Lumbee Indians who sing country and pop music. The festival is their first stop on their spring tour through the Southeast and Midwest.
The festival is located at the Gwinnett County Fairgrounds in the covered arena and ends at 5 p.m. Monday.
More like this story
- American Indian Festival brings past to present ( May 23, 2012 )
- American Indian Festival is an educational event ( May 23, 2008 )
- Indian Festival and Pow-Wow at Stone Mountain Park ( November 2, 2011 )
- Founder of American Indian Festival dies ( August 31, 2006 )
- Education main aim of festival ( October 2, 2009 )


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The Community Standards and Policies contains many of the relevant rules and regulations governing undergraduate student nonacademic life on the Homewood Campus. Most academic policies and procedures are published by the Office of Academic Advising in the Undergraduate Academic Manual. Students are responsible for complying with these policies.
The fundamental purpose of the University's regulation of student conduct is to promote and to protect the health, safety, welfare, property, and rights of all members of the University community as well as to promote the orderly operation of the University and to safeguard its property and facilities.
Acceptance of membership in the University community carries with it an obligation on the part of each individual to respect the rights of others, to protect the University as a forum for the free expression of ideas, and to obey the law. This Undergraduate Student Conduct Code pertains to misconduct arising from offenses against persons and/or property committed on University property; to misconduct committed off University property against members of the University community; and to misconduct occurring off campus that causes significant harm to others. The University's undergraduate student conduct system is designed to enforce the University's conduct regulations.
The University reserves the right to institute disciplinary action whether or not the offense results or may result in action by a civil or criminal court.
In addition to maintaining good academic standing, students are expected to refrain from conduct that injures persons or property. The University expects all students, including those living on or off campus, students studying abroad or at any off-campus university facility, or are on break to be law-abiding citizens, to respect the rights of others, and to refrain from behavior that impairs the University's purpose or its reputation in the community. Students who have committed acts which are a danger to their own personal safety or which harm or have the potential of harming others, or who destroy, damage, or wrongfully appropriate property, will be disciplined and may forfeit their right to be members of the University community.
For example, students are expected to refrain from:
A. Conduct that disrupts or interferes with the orderly operation of teaching and research, or with other lawful or authorized activities.
B. Conduct that causes, or can be reasonably expected to cause, or threatens physical harm to a person.
C. Physical or verbal threats against or intimidation of any person which results in limiting her/his full access to all aspects of life at the University.
D. Conduct or a pattern of conduct in which a person approaches or pursues another person with intent to place the person in fear of physical harm or with intent to harass or to intimidate the person.
E. Conduct that violates the University's hazing policy, or other conduct or a pattern of conduct that harasses a person or group.
F. Conduct that constitutes sexual abuse, assault, or rape of another person.
G. Conduct that constitutes sexual harassment of another person.
H. Theft or vandalism of University property, property of others, or knowingly possessing stolen property.
I. The unauthorized use, possession, or storage of any weapons, chemicals, or explosives, including fireworks, on University property.
J. The unauthorized distribution, possession, or use of any controlled substance (such as, but not limited to, illegal drugs).
K. The possession or consumption of alcohol by individuals under the legal drinking age in Maryland (21 years of age), or the provision of alcohol to minors.
L. The distribution or sale of alcohol to individuals under the legal drinking age.
M. Failure to comply with the directions of University officials, instructors, administrators, staff, or the Baltimore City Police acting in performance of their duties.
N. The unauthorized or improper use of University property, facilities, resources, or the University name or seal.
O. Failure to observe University policies, procedures, rules, or regulations.
P. Misuse or abuse of any University computer, computer system, computer or communications service, program, data, network, or resource.
Q. Violation of any law of the United States, law of the State of Maryland, or municipal ordinance which occurs on or off campus which impinges on the rights of others or which impairs the University's reputation.
R. Conduct that disturbs the peace or impinges on the rights of residents of neighborhoods where students reside, including, but not limited to: loud parties or excessive noise, shouting or talking that unreasonably disturbs other students or community members; public urination; drinking in public; littering or not disposing of trash appropriately; failure to reasonably maintain yard or premises.
S. Hosting or conducting an event in violation of university policies.
T. Conduct that hinders, obstructs, or interferes with investigations, hearings, sanctions, and other implementation processes of the Student Conduct Code.
U. Failure to appear for a University disciplinary hearing to respond to a charge or to testify as a witness when reasonably notified to do so.
V. Failure to comply with the terms of a judicial sanction. Other behavior may be equally inconsistent with the standard of conduct expected of a University student and the University's commitment to providing an environment conducive to learning and research.


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I was digging that icon too, was disappointed at the latest update that removed it.
Want to see the Facebook's beta icon? Check out the latest update!
Facebook for iPhone and iPad has updated with a new photo viewer button that lets you save, share, or set the photo as your profile pictures. Editing a place you're checking into on the iPhone has also been improved, and Events should load faster, now. But that's not the most interesting thing about this update...
The most interesting thing about this update, to me, is actually the fact that Facebook has once again let the beta version of one of their icons slip out to the general public. Just like with Facebook Messenger back in March they likely forgot to swap in the release icon before uploading the final build to the App Store.
While some people complained about the beta icon being ugly (on Twitter, ironically) immediately after it was released, I'll admit… I kind of like it! I'm not a fan of the border, but I think the blueprint looks is neat. Call me crazy.
What do you think? Do you wish the beta version was the official icon for the iPhone and iPad app?
- Free - Download now
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Reader comments
Want to see the Facebook's beta icon? Check out the latest update!
I liked it. I was like cool new icon. Then saw the update come back around and was like crap. Lol.
They've done this before. Each time I was disappointed that they changed it back to the standard icon. I like the beta icon (including the border).
Queue complaining but beta icon > real icon.
i liked that blueprint icon. it looked a little more flat than the new/recurrent icon.
Ok. I'm kinda surprised people are going on about the icon instead of the app changes.
Me? I've either missed out on some obvious feature of the iPad app or there was a glaring omission in the previous releases. Any time I had a picture that I wanted to use as a cover photo, I had to access and upload it via my iPhone app. I could not use any photos on my iPad as cover photos because that version of the app did not give me that option in any way I could find.
Additionally, I really hope they made sure that the apps were a bit more stable and reliable.
After both updates, I still have the beta icon on my iPad.
I liked the icon personally they need 2 switch it bk like now


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- Age / Gender:
- 23, Male
- Location:
- France
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- 7/23/09
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Hello everyone ! After some years where i was only a player, I'm back for sending some games (i hope you'll enjoy them !). I take the time to write reviews and dig games, so if you want, I can test your games and explain to you my thoughts. Let's play !
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Level 5 Game Developer
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Ranked as Civilian
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First of all, I have to thanks you for making my game featured.
I didn't expect that. When I have submitted "Blinded", it was for winning the Construct2 Game Jam, and you have rendered this objective more awesome than I could imagine.
Now, I have to listen all your great (and sometimes bad) reviews for building an "after jam" version.
I will do this for "Blinded" and for "Frantic Dream", my weird submission for the Nitrome Game Jam.
There will be more levels, littlebluefish, my great artist will draw some new stuff for these games. I will take the time for making them totally awesome !
Stay tuned for knowing when they will be out.
You're awesome.
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March 15, 2012
The state winner for the 8- and 9-year-old girls, Unique Reed from Fairview Elementary School, won the Newton County Elks Hoop Shoot contest and received a medallion. She also won the Northeast District Elks Hoop Shoot and received a trophy. She went on to win first place in the state for her age group and received another trophy with a certificate. She will advance to the Southern Regional Elks Hoop Shoot competition in Valdosta on March 17 at Valdosta State College.The Elks Hoop Shoot Free Throw Contest supports the need for positive athletic activities. The contest instills all participants with traits that help them not just in athletics, but in life.
Stories this photo appears in:
Newton student to compete in hoops contest
Unique Reed from Fairview Elementary School won the Newton County Elks Hoop Shoot contest.
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What was the single most important vote ever cast in the Tennessee House of Representatives? That's a question that could get a good debate going.
For many local folks, then- House Speaker Ned Ray McWherter's decision in 1974 to override then-Gov. Winfield Dunn's veto of legislation to create a medical school at East Tennessee State University is the most important deciding vote ever cast by a single lawmaker. It was certainly a crucial vote for this part of the state and for McWherter's political career. Our area gained a medical school, and McWherter would later be elected governor — thanks in part to the support of Northeast Tennesseans who remembered his vote.
Then there is state Rep. Kent Williams' vote in 2009 to elect himself speaker of the House. If you recall, then- House Republican Leader Jason Mumpower, R-Bristol, was ready to celebrate his election as the first GOP speaker of the House since Reconstruction when Williams beat him to the punch by joining with Democrats to elect himself to the job.
Much was made at the time of the fact Williams voted for himself for speaker. Certainly Williams voted for himself, just as Mumpower had voted for himself. But Williams cast the one vote that counted. Afterward, not only was Williams shunned by most of his Republican colleagues, but he was booted out of the party altogether. Some would argue that's not a bad price to pay to be speaker of the House.
At least Williams wasn't chased around the floor of the House by an angry mob following his surprising vote, which was what happened to Harry T. Burn when he cast what many would argue to be unquestionably the single most important vote in the history of the Tennessee General Assembly. On this, the last day of Women's History Month, I believe it's appropriate to recall the 24-year-old House member from East Tennessee whose devotion to his mother made him decide that giving women the right to vote was a good idea.
It was Aug. 18, 1920, when Tennessee became the 36th state to ratify the 19th Amendment. It was a hot day, even by Nashville's standards, and the debate inside the state Capitol Building was even hotter. It appeared to many that after days of debate and several votes, the state House was still at a stalemate over the 19th Amendment.
When a new roll call vote was taken, Burn — who was wearing a red rose of the anti-suffragists on his lapel — surprised his colleagues by voting for the amendment. Eyewitnesses said several lawmakers began chasing Burn around the room.
According to one account, Burn was forced to climb out of a third-floor window onto a narrow ledge and escape to the attic of the Capitol Building, where he hid from an angry mob.
Burn (then the youngest member of the General Assembly) later explained he had a change of heart on the 19th Amendment after receiving a letter from his mother (known to the folks back home in McMinn County as Miss Febb) telling her son, "Hurrah, and vote for suffrage!" She also instructed Burn to be a "good boy" and help "put the 'rat' in ratification."
Robert Houk is Opinion page editor for the Johnson City Press. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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What's the Deal With Alcohol and Ibuprofen?
Here's Permission to Skip Your Workout After a Big Night Out
A Pharmacist-Approved Hangover Cure
9 Things People Are Having to Get Over Hangovers Right Now
Grab These Foods to Get Through That Holiday Hangover
Hungover? Here's How to Fake Looking Good
Obvious but True: Listen to Your Body
Yummy Links: From Tom's Restaurant Overhaul to DIY Pizza
Holiday Survival Tip: Don't Just Drink, Dance!
Could Asparagus Help Your Hangover?
Bacon Sandwiches Are a Hangover's Best Friend
Do You Know the World's Best Hangover Cures?


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This is a nicely sorted M38A1 army jeep. The original mechanical have been completely gone through, it runs and drives very well. The body... More
Very weathered condition, no bed present anymore. Complete drive train and cab. Frame is good, and many extra parts including door, fender, grilles,front and... More
JEEP: 1946 CJ2A Jeep 4x4, partially restored, excellent condition, owner must sell, $6,500, can deliver. 303-321-1081, CO.... More
WILLYS: 1946 CJ2A Jeep 4x4, partially restored, excellent condition, owner must sell, $6,500, can deliver. 303-321-1081, CO.... More
A 134 ci I4 "Go Devil" engine and Borg-Warner T-90 3-speed manual transmission are paired to power this civilian-model utility truck. It features a... More
Thank`s for your interest in the 1948 Willys Overland Jeepster / Phaeton.An older mechanical and cosmetic restoration (5-6 yrs ago, low miles since) in... More
WILLYS: 1962 Jeep, 4-cylinder, hi-low range, 4-wheel drive, roll bar, bikini top, new wiring, $6,000. 701-258-8881, SD; maverickclassic.com... More
Willys, Jeep, Pickup, Truck HUGE PRICE REDUCTION FOR QUICK SALE! Solid Jeep!, Original drivetrain In '48, Willys built three versions of the pickup. One had a... More
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Willys 1948 Military Jeep, looks and runs better than new. Used in parades and air shows. We restored this Jeep to original condition to... More
For sale in our St. Louis showroom is a 1964 Willys Jeep Wagoneer that is far from stock. Countless hours have been poured into... More


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July 30, 2015
Singer Jimmy Buffett fell off a stage at the end of a concert in Sydney and was rushed to the hospital.
Australia's Daily Telegraph reports that audience members saw the 64-year-old fall face first off the stage and hit his head.
Buffett's manager then took the stage and urged fans to leave the auditorium, the Hordem Pavillion.
The singer was brought to Sydney's St. Vincent's Hospital.
Wednesday night's concert was Buffett's fifth and last in Sydney on his current tour.
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The Cleveland Plain Dealer, the Columbus Dispatch, the Toledo Blade, the Cincinnati Enquirer and the Akron Beacon Journal have formed a very interesting new partnership, in which each of the papers share stories with the others on their websites.
Ted Diadium, the Plain Dealer's Reader Rep, says:
What's going on here? Did all the newspapers in Ohio suddenly stop competing and become one big happy family?
Well, no. But, in a way, yes.
Competition for news is alive and well, but the eight largest papers in Ohio have finally come to an accommodation that, for my money, was long overdue.
It's called "OHNO," an unfortunate pronunciation for an acronym that means "Ohio News Organization."
However, there's nothing unfortunate about the agreement that it represents: a system through which newspapers in Akron, Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, Toledo and Youngstown share their good stories with each other – and, of course, with each other's readers – every day.
So the ultimate winner is you because, under this system, you will be able to see the best work written by the best reporters in Ohio's largest cities in The Plain Dealer or on Cleveland.com. And you'll be getting it at the same time as the folks in those cities do.
It took a bit of doing because the competitive instinct is in every good journalist's DNA, and most of us would swallow our notebooks before we'd share what's in them with another reporter. We've spent our professional lives trying to keep other newspapers from getting our good stories. Now, we're giving them away.
Here's why:
The way that news from The Plain Dealer and other big papers used to find its way around the state was this: We would report and write our stories, wait until late in the day, and then turn them over to the Associated Press. The AP would then either rewrite them into wire service story format for general consumption; report and write its own stories later; or decide that the news was not of statewide interest and do nothing. If we had a breaking-news story all to ourselves, we would try to keep it away from the wire until the following day. So did everyone else.
That's not good enough anymore. In fact, I'm not sure it ever was. Competition is a wonderful thing. It keeps everyone sharp. But we don't compete for readers with the newspapers in Cincinnati or Columbus, except in the most tangential way, and never did.
We almost always break our stories online now as soon as they happen, so they're not exactly a secret from the other newspapers anyway. So why not give readers all over Ohio the benefit of the best work from each corner of the state?
In today's world, breaking news is measured in minutes, not days. It's important that we provide our readers with the best news report we can, as soon as we can, on our Web site and in the best and most current newspaper possible each day.
With the OHNO plan, each afternoon we and the other members post the stories our reporters have written on a common Web site that's accessible only in the eight newsrooms. From there, editors at each paper select which stories they want to run. So the Cincinnati Enquirer was able to give its readers our coverage on the National City bank problems, and our editors were able to pick off the Enquirer's coverage of Fifth Third Bank, which is based in Cincinnati.
That doesn't mean we're not competing. For example, both The Plain Dealer and the Columbus Dispatch have reporters working hard to break news about the sexual-harassment charges besetting Attorney General Marc Dann's office. The difference now is that when we get to a good story first, not only our readers get to see it, but so do readers of the Dispatch and the other papers.


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In 2009: Missed the 2009 season after sustaining multiple injuries in a car accident in late June ... Suffered a collapsed lung, broken rib, separated shoulder and a compound fracture in his leg ... Told reporters in August that he felt `blessed' to be alive after the single-car accident ... Began lifting with the team this winter and running with the Sports Medicine staff and was cleared prior to spring practice.
In 2008: An honorable mention All-ACC performer for 2008, he would have battled for first-team honors if he hadn't missed a third of the season with an injury ... Has averaged 8.7 tackles per game in 12 career starts ... Has made 113 of his 136 career tackles in his starts ... Tied for third on the team with 84 tackles despite the games missed ... Led the team with four interceptions - highest total ever by a Wolfpack linebacker ... Led the team in tackles in five games ... Ranked ninth in the ACC in interceptions and eighth in tackles per game ... Was forced to sit out the majority of the second half against East Carolina after sustaining a lower leg injury in the second quarter and then missed the next two games ... Reinjured the ankle after playing just 16 snaps versus Florida State and then was out until the Duke game ... Came back for the win over the Blue Devils, playing 82 snaps, tallying 10 tackles and causing a fumble ... He followed that with an 11-tackle performance in the win over Wake Forest - including two tackles for loss and an eight-yard sack ... Picked off a pass on the first play from scrimmage at Clemson for his third interception of the season, scampering 33-yards for a touchdown - NC State's only TD of the game ... Named ACC Defensive Back of the Week on Sept. 8 ... Earned the Most Valuable Linebacker Award at the annual team banquet ... A 2009 preseason All-ACC choice by Phil Steele's College Football Preview and a second-team choice by Athlon Sports.
In 2007: Finished the season as one of the Wolfpack's top performers on defense, 27 of his 52 tackles were made in the last four games ... Moved into the starting lineup in the win over Virginia and started four of the last five contests - he was sick prior to the Wake Forest game and did not start ... Made five tackles for loss in the last five games ... ... Tallied 155 special teams plays ... Posted a season-high 10 tackles in the overtime win at Miami ... Led the team with two forced fumbles, one versus Virginia and one versus Wake Forest.
In 2006: Redshirted the season at linebacker.
Prep: Led Wallace-Rose Hill, under Coach Jack Holley, to a 10-0 start to the season as a senior ... Tallied 110 tackles, six forced fumbles, three sacks and one interception ... Chipped in 12 all-purpose touchdowns ... All-conference selection ... A North Carolina Shrine Bowl selection ... Majoring in zoology ... Born 7/12/88.


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Fedora 14 Beta is Live
Test the newest version before it goes live in November.
The Fedora 14 beta went live today and with it comes several new features. Improved virtualization support comes in the form of Spice, a tool designed to make virtualization easier and more user-friendly. Spice does this by accelerating 2D graphics, supporting hardware cursors and client-side mouse pointers, supporting audio playback and recording, and detecting video with Mjpeg streaming. What's more, Spice has a library of X Windows and Windows XP, Windows Live, and Windows 7 drivers. The program also supports encrypted connections.
Fedora 14 is based on the Linux Kernel 2.6.35, which provides direct I/O support for btrfs, graphic stacks improvements, the ability to spread incoming network loads across CPUs.
Finally, the Fedora 14 beta features KDE 4.5 and improved JPEG compression and decompression. The beta can be downloaded here. As always, bugs can be reported at https://bugzilla.redhat.com/.
Issue 178/2015
Buy this issue as a PDF
Qemu Flaw Lets the Guest Escape
Xen project announces a privilege escalation problem for Qemu host systems
Android Bug Threatens Millions of Users
Attackers can compromise an Android phone just by sending a text message
Lenovo and Canonical Announce Laptop Deal
PC vendor will pre-install Ubuntu on portables in India.
Mozilla Firefox Blocks Flash
More embarrassment for Adobe's embattled multimedia tool
Security Problem in Firefox's NoScript Add-On
Mozilla's script blocker add-on could be putting malware sites on the whitelist.
RIP SSLv3
The Internet community officially banishes the notoriously unsafe Secure Sockets Layer protocol.
Mate 1.1 Arrives
Popular desktop environment continues the Gnome 2 legacy – with new support for the Gnome 3 toolkit.
US Government Requires HTTPS
The Obama White House has issued a memorandum telling all US government agencies they must use HTTPS for all websites and web communication.
Mozilla Signs Firefox Add-Ons
New program will dial up security for the Firefox browser.
Fedora 22 Arrives
Red Hat's community distro embraces the cloud.


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There are many restaurants that offer great cuisine, and many that feature gracious ambience. Johnson City is truly fortunate having Cranberries Café, a bistro-style restaurant that does both equally well.
Cranberries Café offers light fare for breakfast and lunch six days a week in a storefront that looks out onto one of the busiest intersections in town –– Knob Creek Road at Sunset Drive. Yet, with all that frenetic energy being expended just steps from the door, Cranberries' patrons are tucked away in comfortable and cultured surroundings.
Creations by local artists adorn the walls of the bright, airy dining room while soft rock and jazz are provided as musical background for conversation. The customers keep the kitchen busy, especially so during lunch when the nearby workforce of mostly young professionals and the regular patrons all stop in for a bite.
Cranberries' kitchen does hand-built sandwiches that feature their own prepared ingredients and fillings. They even bake their own artisan breads. Their several soups are all home made and feature a special soup of the day in addition to the current selections. The salads are invariably fresh, carefully prepared and have several choices of dressings. Homemade cakes, pies and cobblers are available through the dessert menu if you still have room.
The dine-around bunch has made Cranberries Café a frequent venue during trips through the north end of town. A recent Saturday afternoon found the five of us seated near the kitchen, menus in hand, me giving a squint at the counter's blackboard for current specials. I chose the Hummus Wrap with a Tomato & Feta signature salad ($7.95), while my dining partner picked a half-sandwich of Ham & Cheddar and a cup of the potato soup ($8.50). The Retiree opted for a Chicken Salad ($9.50) with a cup of Tomato Bisque soup ($3.95). In a surprise, the Carnivore chose a Super Salad ($9.50) made up of Tuna Salad and two other of Cranberries' signature salads, Oriental Noodle and Broccoli salads, all on one plate. The Dieter continued the salad theme and ordered Cranberries' Tuna Salad ($9.95). Amid some spirited conversation having to do with shopping, (partner, Dieter and Retiree) and college football (Carnivore and myself) our meals arrived to divert our attention.
My Hummus Wrap mixed sliced tomato, cucumber, carrots and sunflower seeds with roasted red pepper hummus, a crunchy and tasty combination. The tomato & feta salad was also fresh and complemented the hummus wrap perfectly; a splash of house vinaigrette completed the dish. The Retiree's Chicken Salad had chunks of white-meat chicken tossed with red onions, celery and chopped pecans and went well with the tomato bisque soup. My dining partner's ham and cheddar sandwich was also good, especially so with a dip in her potato soup from time to time. The Carnivore's Super Salad looked like someone had brought in the harvest and added catch of the day to it. Cranberries' Oriental Noodle and broccoli-cauliflower signature salads competed for elbow room on the plate with a big serving of their Tuna Salad (albacore, no less) with hardboiled eggs and tomato slices.
I asked my friend if his order was due to some New Year's resolution, but he just winked at me and said nothing. The Dieter was also enjoying the flavor bouquet of her tuna salad; I sneaked a forkful and could see why. The Retiree and my partner each wanted to try one of Cranberries' dessert offerings, choosing the Peach & Cranberry Cobbler and Coconut Cake respectively. The coconut cake slice was substantial, fresh, well-made and gone inside of five minutes. The cobbler was my favorite, the cranberries adding a note of tartness to the smooth natural sweetness of the peaches.
Cranberries Café does catering and has a separate catering menu available. They even offer on-site meeting space in their "quaint dining room" for your next event. Breakfast is available from 8 a.m. during the week and 11 a.m. on Saturday featuring fresh fruit, homemade breads, biscuits, bagels and quiche of the day. The dine-around bunch had a great time at Cranberries Café, and so should you.
Cranberries Café
1904 Knob Creek Road,
Suite #5
Johnson City, TN
Mon-Fri 8 a.m. – 4 p.m.
Sat 11 a.m. – 4 p.m.
Available on Facebook
Credit cards accepted


text:
Yesterday a Medford man was arrested after attempting to elude police following a traffic stop.
Police say they attempted to pull over Antonio Serna's Ford pickup on West Main street when he attempted to elude the officers.
After going two blocks down Chestnut, Serna fled on foot and a perimeter was set up in an attempt to capture Serna. Police found him a short time later, hiding under a pickup truck on Benson Street.
Police report that while looking for Serna, their contacts led them to three additional arrests for outstanding warrants.
Now, all four people are lodged at the Jackson County Jail.


text:
'99 Soft Tail Heritage Harley Davidson with full bags, alarm and extra chrome. This H-D is powered with Screamin Eagle Cams, drag pipes and... More
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text:
rather than:
See below for a detailed taxonomy of institutions compiled by Dooyeweerd. See also the contribution by Erving Goffman.
Dooyeweerd's view of the 'mission' of social science, and hence the topics it has a duty to research, is as follows (from Witte, 1986):
It is important, Dooyeweerd maintained, that social science must study not only social functioning in the researcher's own period but also those of other period and cultures.
However, we can account for the tendency of social science to lay claim to all the post-social aspects because since all those aspects involve social functioning, all functioning in them could, approximately, be seen as a 'type' of social functioning. However, strictly, under a Dooyeweerdian framework social science should not do so because the later aspects are irreducible to the social and thus the 'types' of social functioning can be accounted for only by them and not by the social aspect itself.
There are many and varied types of institutions in this second category of being qualified by another aspect. Dooyeweerd made a study of them, and gave a classification of human relationships
However, to me, Goffman's ideas feel thin and conventional (e.g. the compulsory reference to aggression with its simplistic-evolutionist overtones) rather than rich and radical.
The first two echo the idea that the social aspect is concerned with social institutions and relationships respectively. The third reflects the social aspect's intimate foundational dependence on the lingual aspect. In this way, the discourse around the notion of social capital might help open up Dooyeweerd's social aspect.
If this is so, then it means that repercussions in post-social aspects are likely to be not mainly on the perpertrator, but mainly spread throughout the social group. We can see this in vandalism (which is currently on the up in the UK). Vandalism occurs for various reasons, but one is lack of vision among young people, who hang about, get bored, and start 'enjoying' minor acts of deconstruction, and then major acts of destruction. Lack of vision is a pistic functioning. It can be one person, such as a parent or church or youth worker who can give them vision, and then those who would suffer from the vandalism would not longer do so.
This means that the sciences of post-social aspects should seek to find, not direct person to person impacts but social spreading impacts. Also, it implies that the indiviudalistic notion of legal culpability is misconceived (even though it is assumed without question).
The notion of 'duality of structure' found in structuration theory - that human action is enabled and constrained by structure, but structure is also the result of human action - echoes the Dooyeweerdian theme that human beings are central actors in the cosmos and yet are only so within a framework of aspectual law. On the face of it, the difference is that the contraints Giddens talks about come from the entity side rather than law side, from actual structures rather than from laws. However, the form of the constraining that structures impose is law-like, and is meaningful from the standpoint of the social aspect.
This is discussed in more detail in a comparison of Dooyeweerd and Giddens.
Giddens, A. New Rules Of Sociological Method: A Positive Critique Of Interpretative Sociologies, 2nd ed., Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Nahaplet J, Ghoshal S (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital and the organizational advantage. Acad. Management Rev. 23(2):242-66.
Witte, J, (ed.) (1986), A Christian Theory of Social Institutions, The Herman Dooyeweerd Foundation, La Jolla, California, USA.
Manning P (1992) Erving Goffman and Modern Sociology Polity Press.
Stafleu MD (2005) The relation frame of keeping company; a reply to Andrew Basden. Phil. Ref. 70 (2):151-164.
Copyright (c) 2004 Andrew Basden. But you may use this material subject to conditions.
Number of visitors to these pages: . Written on the Amiga with Protext.
Created: 1997. Last updated: 16 March 1997, 13 August 1998: reformatted and rearranged page and added much from Witte about Dooyeweerd's studies of the social aspect. 30 August 1998. 1 December 1998 added theme. 7 February 2001 copyright, email. 18 October 2001 some stuff moved to social.theory.html. 1 December 2001 Habermas support for social after lingual. 8 January 2002 added Goffman. 14 March 2002 better kernel. 10 July 2002 added post.social and changed some bits in science, shalom and harm. 10 June 2003 better lists of shalom and harm; .nav, .end. 9 December 2003 added Giddens. 25 June 2004 psot-social repercussions. 23 August 2004 Apel, and reformatted Dependency. 16 February 2005 efficiency in communication. 21 May 2005 agreement. 24 August 2005 new .end. 11 December 2005 new themes. 5 January 2006 added some of Stafleu's ideas from [2005]. 19 June 2006 ubuntu. 13 August 2007 standardization. 5 January 2008 disrespect. 29 July 2008 standards. 13 November 2008 social capital. 3 June 2009 adapting. 6 September 2010 'done thing', redid headings. 22 September 2010 Dooyeweerd's and Basden's kernel. 4 February 2011 Chaplin ref. 2 April 2011 assoc r.t. relating. 5 January 2013 harm improved.