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What is liver disease?
Liver disease, or hepatic disease, is a general term that includes any disease, disorder or condition that affects the liver. The liver is a vital organ located in the right upper area of your abdomen under the ribs. Normal functioning of the liver is crucial to your overall health and life. Liver disease causes liver damage and reduces the liver's ability to perform its vital functions including:
Assisting in digestion of food
Clearing the blood of toxins
Fighting infection
Making blood-clotting proteins
Metabolizing or processing medications and other substances
Producing proteins, enzymes, and healthy blood
Removing waste
Storing vitamins, minerals and energy
Common forms of liver disease include the following:
Autoimmune liver disease is a disorder in which the immune system attacks the body. Examples include autoimmune hepatitis (a form of hepatitis in which the immune system attacks the liver) and primary biliary cirrhosis (swelling and blockage of the bile ducts).
Bile duct obstruction is caused by gallstones, tumors, or other factors.
Budd-Chiari syndrome is caused by blood clots that block veins in the liver.
Cirrhosis of the liver is scarring of liver tissue, which reduces liver function. Cirrhosis of the liver is most commonly caused by chronic alcohol abuse and chronic hepatitis B or C.
Congenital abnormalities of the bile ducts block the normal flow of bile.
Genetic diseases, such as hemochromatosis (excessive levels of iron in the body that cause liver damage) and Wilson's disease (an inherited disease that causes excessive retention of copper in the liver).
Hepatitis is a viral infection.
Liver cancer and benign liver tumors impair the ability of the liver to function normally.
Liver failure is deterioration and failure of liver function and a life-threatening complication of serious or end-stage liver disease and damage.
Symptoms of early liver disease can be vague and similar to many other less serious diseases, such as chronic fatigue syndrome or viral gastroenteritis. A hallmark symptom of advancing liver disease is jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.
In some cases of liver disease, rapid diagnosis and treatment may reverse liver disease. However, once permanent liver damage has occurred, it cannot be reversed or cured. Patient compliance with an effective treatment plan may be able to slow or stop progression of liver damage and minimize or delay complications, such as liver failure.
Liver disease is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Seek prompt medical care if you have unexplained symptoms, such as nausea, fatigue, diarrhea or weakness. In addition, if you have any form of liver disease, do not take any supplements, over-the-counter medications, or prescription drugs without consulting your health care provider. This is because the liver may not be able to clear the drugs from the body, resulting in dangerous, toxic levels of chemicals or substances in the body.
Seek immediate medical care (call 911) if you, or someone you are with, have symptoms of acute or advanced chronic liver disease, such as shakiness, jaundice, confusion, severe shortness of breath, abdominal swelling, or a change in consciousness or alertness. Seek immediate medical care (call 911) if you, or someone you are with, have overdosed on a drug or ingested a toxic substance.
What are the symptoms of liver disease?
Symptoms of liver disease can vary depending on the type of liver disease and individual factors. Early symptoms of liver disease are often not specific and may be confused with symptoms of many other conditions, such as indigestion, viral gastroenteritis, or chronic fatigue syndrome. Early symptoms may include:
... Read more about liver diseasesymptoms
What causes liver disease?
Liver disease is due to a variety of diseases, disorders and conditions that damage the liver. Liver disease usually begins with inflammation and enlargement of the liver, which may be reversible in some cases with prompt treatment. Left untreated, liver inflammation leads to fibrosis (scarring) of the liver tissue that eventually replaces healthy tissue. Scarred liver tissue cannot function no... Read more about liver diseasecauses
How is liver disease treated?
Scar tissue formed in the liver due to advanced liver disease is permanent. The goals of treatment are to cure the disease, if possible; prevent, stop or slow the progression of damage to the liver; and minimize and quickly treat any other complications and coexisting conditions, such as portal hypertension and hemor... Read more about liver diseasetreatments


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Me Likey!
Whedon to head 'Avengers' - Entertainment News, Front Page, Media - VarietyQuote:
Iron Man, Thor, Captain America and the Incredible Hulk will soon start taking orders from Joss Whedon.
Marvel Studios is wrapping up a deal for Whedon to helm "The Avengers," which assembles the superheroes in one pic on May 4, 2012, that Paramount will distrib. Whedon will also rework Zak Penn's script.
Whedon, a favorite among fanboys, most recently penned the script for "Cabin in the Woods," a horror pic that he is also producing for MGM. Pic co-stars Chris Hemsworth, who plays the hammer-wielding Thor.
The creator of series like "Buffy the Vampire Slayer," "Angel," "Firefly" and more recently "Dollhouse," all for Fox, has been close to helming a superhero pic before, namely "Wonder Woman" for Joel Silver at Warner Bros., but Whedon wound up ankling the project due to creative issues.
He directed episodes of those series, and recently helmed an episode of Fox's "Glee." "Serenity" is his sole film directing credit. The sci-fi western, distribbed by Universal in 2005, was based on the short-lived "Firefly."
"The Avengers" extends Whedon's long relationship with Marvel. He wrote for the comicbook company's "Astonishing X-Men" series.
"The Avengers" would star Robert Downey Jr. (as Iron Man), Chris Evans (Captain America), Hemsworth (Thor) and Samuel L. Jackson (Nick Fury). Edward Norton may also return as the Hulk.
"Iron Man 2" bows May 7, followed by "Thor" on May 6, 2011, and "The First Avenger: Captain America" on July 22, 2011. Paramount will distrib.

subset: commoncrawl


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The role of Quadratus Lumborum asymmetry in the occurrence of lesions in the lumbar vertebrae of cricket fast bowlers
de Visser, Hans, Adam, Clayton J., Crozier, Stuart, & Pearcy, Mark J. (2007) The role of Quadratus Lumborum asymmetry in the occurrence of lesions in the lumbar vertebrae of cricket fast bowlers. Medical Engineering and Physics, 29(8), pp. 877-885.
In cricket fast bowlers an increased incidence of stress fractures or lesions in the L4 pars interarticularis is observed, which shows a strong statistical correlation with the presence of hypertrophy in the contralateral Quadratus Lumborum (QL) muscle. This study aims to find a physical explanation for this correlation. A mathematical model was used to estimate the forces and moments on the L3 and L4 vertebrae in six postures attained during fast bowling. These forces and moments were used in finite element models to estimate the stresses in the pars interarticularis. Two scenarios were examined per posture: symmetric QL muscles, and right QL muscle volume 30% enlarged. Influence of muscle activation was also investigated. QL asymmetry only correlates with significant stress increases when stress levels are relatively low. When stress levels are high, due to extreme posture or muscle activation, asymmetry only causes small stress changes, suggesting that asymmetry is not the cause of stress fractures in the pars. There are even indications that asymmetry might help to reduce stresses, but more detailed knowledge of the size and activation of the lumbar muscles is needed to confirm this.
Impact and interest:
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Every single U.S. representative from the northern New England states have called on federal regulators to closely scrutinize FairPoint's bid to buy Verizon's landlines and Internet service in Vermont, New Hampshire and Maine.
Rep. Thomas Allen, D-ME; Rep. Paul Hodes, D-NH; Rep. Michael Michaud, D-ME;, Rep. Carol Shea-Porter, D-NH; and Rep. Peter Welch, D-VT, all signed onto the letter asked the Federal Communications Commission to "conduct a thorough and extensive review of the proposed transaction to ensure that it is in the best interest of consumers, employees, and state and local economies."
This is not a good sign for FairPoint, who are already facing tough questions from regulators in the three states over the finances of the proposed deal.
-Dan Barlow


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Unlocking the Key to Deep Sleep
By Sarah Fenske
Making the Ferguson Commission Matter
By Danny Wicentowski
My Fake Boyfriend Became a Real-Life Crush
By Lindsay Toler
Rep. Jeffrey Pogue Bill Would Ban Unisex Bathrooms
By Danny Wicentowski
Darren Wilson Gives Speech to Nonprofit
By Danny Wicentowski
Angel Stewart and Other Victims of Violence Ask for Mercy
By Jessica Lussenhop
Obama Praises St. Louis' LaunchCode
By Lindsay Toler
By Lindsay Toler
Tom Arterburn: [In a makeshift dressing area off the VIP room, Velvet flack Marty Evans thanks Unreal for covering the show.] Can we get a little time with the girls and some photos before the festivities begin?
Evans: Sure, when they get here, we'll come and get you. We just want to see anything you do and approve it before you use anything, all right? We just don't want to see photographs of the girls in a compromising position.
Sure, not a problem. We don't want to do anything that might tarnish the fine image of adult entertainment.
[An hour later Matthew Rodriguez, media control freak with the tour production company, strolls out of the dressing room.]
Rodriguez: So, you're with the Riverfront Times and you want to interview the girls and do a piece on the show?
Rodriguez: We'll need to see everything you do before it runs, okay?
Sure, not a problem. We don't want to do anything that might tarnish the fine image of adult entertainment.
[Minutes later, Vivid starlets Sunrise Adams and Kira Kener, flanked by a phalanx of handlers, push through the VIP room and make for the autograph stage.] Hey! What about my interview? My behind-the-scenes photos? My ass-cheek autograph?
[Not to be denied, Arterburn disguises himself as security by donning an NYPD cap and blends in with the brigade to the autograph stage, where he attempts to salvage his interview.] How did you get in the business?
Sunrise: I got in the business because of my aunt. She was in it in the '80s. I've always wanted to do it since I was a little girl.
Kira, how did you get in the business?
Kira: I was a dancer.
Production thug: [Grabbing Arterburn's shoulder] Hey! You can't be back there!
Rodriguez: Hey! You're gonna have to get out of the way so people can get their autographs.
That's cool. I'll move back here behind the table so I can finish.
Rodriguez: There's no time for an interview. You gotta go.
[Writer's embellishment: A horde of club toughs pummel Arterburn, then drag him to the door and eject him from the premises. "Stop! You're hurting him!" coo Kira and Sunrise, eyeing his weakened, yet statuesque frame.]
Copped Out
Brother-and-sister team Nick and Carrie Miller, who wrote, produced and directed Deadly Force: The Case Against the Injustice System, had lined up a July 13 première of their documentary at the future home of Atomic Neon glass studio, at 2016 Marconi Avenue on the Hill. But at the last minute, proprietor Tom Carr thought better of his decision to make the hour-long film part of his Atomic Cinema series.
Explains Carr: "It was way too hot for me to handle. It seemed to be upsetting a number of people to the point they called and threats were made."
Carr says he has no idea who the callers were, and declines to specify how many calls he received or the nature of the alleged threats. "Atomic Cinema was started so that people could have a good time and enjoy themselves, not to be used for a platform for such motivated issues," he says. (Carr, RFT readers may recall, was the subject of Bruce Rushton's July 2 news story "One Angry Man," after he sassed a judge while on jury duty.)
"We freaked out," Nick Miller says. "It was four days before the show."
At the eleventh hour, the Millers managed to arrange a screening on the St. Louis University campus. About 300 people turned up, report the filmmakers, who've scheduled a second free showing for 8 p.m. Sunday, July 27 at Tegeler Hall, 3550 Lindell Boulevard.
The Millers aren't miffed at Carr, though they say they're a little nonplussed at the notion that the première triggered threats. "If every cop in St. Louis saw the documentary, I would have no problem with them knowing that I made it," Nick Miller says. "But when you hear it's a documentary on police brutality, it sounds bad."
Last week, when American Airlines announced plans to dramatically cut flights at its St. Louis hub, the Post-Dispatch editorial page shrugged it off: a "bee sting" to the local economy, not a "body blow."
Could this be the same newspaper that championed a massive expansion of Lambert Field in order to safeguard TWA's hub? The same newspaper that cheered American's decision to maintain TWA's level of operations here, dubbing a hub "an important factor in attracting jobs and business to the region"?
Herewith, a stroll down memory lane, courtesy of the Post's editorial scribes:
Expand or Else: "If TWA were to pull out, it would have to go somewhere else, and no superior alternative hubs are available or in sight. If TWA were bought by an airline that had a hub elsewhere, the new carrier would most likely retain Lambert as a subsidiary hub....There is almost no way to avoid serving as some kind of hub, as St. Louis did even before the hub system was invented. Hence Lambert must expand unless the region deliberately wishes to frustrate its own hopes for long-term economic development." [October 15, 1989]
Sponsor Content


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Irene was not so bad. She knocked down a few trees, flooded a few basements. But, in the end, she was a good girl who left quietly when her time came.
Traders, players, speculators and mid-night ramblers drifted back into Manhattan as soon as they could clear the fallen trees. They must have felt they had been spared for some great purpose. They must have looked to the heavens as clouds parted and rays of golden sunlight struck their uplifted faced. Whatever got into them, they rushed to the stock exchange and bought US stocks! The Dow rose 254 points.
If you believe the stock market, the storm is over…all is well…
But US GDP grew at only a 1% rate last quarter. That is a small number. Don't look too carefully or it will disappear altogether. If you deflate the latest 'growth' number by the inflation rate published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (actual year-to-year CPI-U is 3.6%) you get negative real growth. Recession, in other words.
And then, you have to wonder. Suppose you were to adjust that number for population? US population is growing at something just under a 1% rate. What you would see is that the average American is getting poorer (his share of GDP) at about 3% or 4% per year.
And then you are able to make sense of a lot of the other economic information that comes your way.
For example, a report out yesterday tells us that the personal savings rate in America keeps edging up — just as you'd expect. From next to zero, it has moved up over 5%. Households continue to cut back on spending…and increase savings. In the last quarter, they paid down $50 billion of debt. A drop in the bucket…but at least it was the right bucket. The Wall Street Journal:
In a marked shift from their borrow-and-spend behavior during the boom, US households are now by and large prioritizing saving and debt reduction. On Monday, the Commerce Department is to release July figures likely to show the personal saving rate, or proportion of after-tax monthly income unspent, in the 5% to 5.5% range…
We also learned that gasoline use is at a 9-year low. Labor Day weekend is less than a week away. But this year, forecasters believe more Americans are going to stay home. They can't afford the cost of filling up the tank for a long road trip.
We hope this is true. We're driving up to New York from Baltimore to attend a wedding. We don't want to get stuck in a lot of traffic.
But it is sad to think that people can't afford to visit friends and relatives because they don't have the cash to pay for gasoline. Oh, for the good old days! We remember buying gasoline for 25 cents a gallon back in the early '70s.
Sigh…but that was before Richard Nixon came up with the funny dollar we have today. Let's see…suppose Nixon had done the right thing? Suppose he had honored America's commitment to settle her debts in gold?
There would have been Hell to pay in the mid-'70s…but isn't it better to pay Hell sooner rather than later? After all, the entire amount of foreign claims against the dollar at the time was something on the order of $50 billion. Now, it is around $4 trillion. Maybe more.
So, just for fun…let's imagine what would have happened. Of course, there would have been this aforementioned period of wailing and gnashing of teeth. And then? And then, US producers would have had to get busy making and exporting products…while consumers would have been forced to curtail their reckless spending. America's trade deficit would have remained under control…and the US would still have jobs in manufacturing. And it wouldn't have debt equal to 370% of GDP.
But how much would people pay for a gallon of gasoline? Well, let's see…let's assume that gold has done a fair job as real money, of holding its purchasing power steady. Back in the early '70s you could have bought 160 gallons of gas with a single ounce of gold. And today? At $1,800 an ounce, and gasoline at $4, you can buy 450 gallons. It's as if the price of gasoline had fallen to about 10 cents a gallon!
Hmmm….go figure.
Either gasoline is too cheap. Or gold is too expensive. If we were a trader we'd short the latter and go long on the former.
And since we're always just guessing, we'll take a guess as to what this means…
Gasoline is weak because the economy is fundamentally weak. Gold is high because Richard Nixon destroyed the integrity of the dollar, the US economy, and the world's monetary system. Each of these trends will have to play itself out. In the meantime, gasoline…and/or gold…may need a little adjustment. And the storm continues…
At least the feds aren't cutting back. The private sector spent itself silly in the '00s. Now it's the feds' turn.
With all the talk of 'cuts' and 'budget reduction' you might have the idea that the feds are putting the same screws to their budgets as everyone else. You might have thought, too, that much of recent government spending was temporary 'stimulus' spending, intended to kick the US economy in the derriere, in order to get it moving faster. That spending might have been expected to taper off as the emergency passed. If you thought that you would be as dumb as a voter. The 2011 budget is on target to hit an all-time high of $3.6 trillion, more than $100 billion up from last year. Total outlays are increasing at a breathtaking pace — up by a third in just four years.
And now that the debt ceiling has been cracked…the sky's the limit.
Bill Bonner
for The Daily Reckoning
Since founding Agora Inc. in 1979, Bill Bonner has found success in numerous industries. His unique writing style, philanthropic undertakings and preservationist activities have been recognized by some of America's most respected authorities. With his friend and colleague Addison Wiggin, he co-founded The Daily Reckoning in 1999, and together they co-wrote the New York Times best-selling books Financial Reckoning Day and Empire of Debt. His other works include Mobs, Messiahs and Markets (with Lila Rajiva), Dice Have No Memory, and most recently, Hormegeddon: How Too Much of a Good Thing Leads to Disaster. His most recent project is The Bill Bonner Letter.
Sadly, the single biggest consumer here in the states is still the Pentagon.
Funny, they were the largest single consumer in the late 60's as well.
Good luck reigning in that feckless spendthrift.
If we simply compare the $crb commodities index and the gold price we notice the following thing. Gold has more than doubled in price per dollar since its prior all time high in 1981. But, and here is the interesting point, the $crb has remained at about the same price (in dollars) that it was back then. This suggests that the dollar has not lost much real value since that time (although commodity prices have fluctuated dramatically since that prior high). Far rather it suggests that gold may have entered an unsustainable bull market. Before anyone shouts at me Its purely the divergence from the $crb which worries me in this regard.
Nevertheless both charts also suggest that inflation is back again since the dawn of the new millenium. See my prior article for more on this:
"It's as if the price of gasoline had fallen to about 10 cents a gallon!
Hmmm….go figure.
Either gasoline is too cheap. Or gold is too expensive."
or gold at that time was undervalued. or gold now has more potential buyers than ever before. or workers back then were paid more per unit of work than they are now.
"And now that the debt ceiling has been cracked…the sky's the limit.
Have you been talking to MG?
Joseph Calhoun III explains why the "New Normal" post-crisis U.S. economy is contingent on policy...
Jeff Desjardins reports on the total installations of community solar farms , which are set to jump sevenfold in the next two years...
Dave Gonigam reports on the beginning of the coal "cave-in." Plus: An industry set to profit no matter what happens to Obama's climate-change rules...
James Howard Kunstler details the issues presidential candidates should be highlighting -- all of which represent matters the country must tend to if it's going to survive...
Bill Bonner explains why it is the economy, not money, that creates wealth...
The world of solar power is changing the country so rapidly it's difficult to keep up with the news. Stephen Petranek lists some interesting observations on the signs of these times.


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2015: Indoor - Took 20th in the 3000 (10:26.39) and finished 27th in the mile after running a 5:09.14 at the VT Elite Meet.
2014: Cross Country- Was 30th at the 5K Georgia Cross Country Invitational after running a 19:52.53... Took 52nd in her second collegiate meet with a time of 23:55.51 at the 6K Furman Invitational... Was the 10th Lady Bulldog finisher and posted the top collegiate time of her career after earning a time of 19:00.38 at the 5K Greater Louisville Classic... Was the third Lady Bulldog finisher and placed eighth overall with a time of 22:57.60 at the 6K Berry Invite.
2014: Outdoor- Was 10th in the 5000-meter run (18:22.29) at the Yellow Jacket Invite...Took 12th in the 1500 (4:43.33) at the Spec Towns Invite...Managed a third-place finish at the War Eagle Invite thanks to her 5000 time of 17:53.12...Was seventh in the 1500 (4:39.72) at the Georgia Invite...Clocked a personal-best time of 17:33.15 to take 25th in the 5000 at the SEC Championships.
2014: Indoor - Redshirted for the Lady Bulldogs.
2013: Cross Country - Did not compete during the 2013 season.
High School: Helped lead her team to four consecutive state cross country titles and a state championship in track and field...Team captain as a junior and senior...Part of 4x800-meter relay team that set a school record in 2010 and remains on Georgia's all-time top-10 list with a 9:29...Earned All-Region honors for four years...Selected as a member of the Atlanta Track Club's 2010 All-Metro Team...Took sixth in the 1600 and eighth in the 800 at the 2013 GHSA AAAA state meet....Finished fifth at the 2012 state cross country championships after another pair of top-10 finishes at the state meet in her career...Finished in the top 100 at the Nike Cross Country Nationals - Southeast Regional...Personal-best times of 18:47 (cross country 5000), 2:20 (800) and 5:15 (1600)...Named Most Valuable Newcomer...Received the 2012 Coach's Award.
Personal: Born October 3, 1994...Daughter of Katherine and George Northrop...Intending to major in Journalism.


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The Los Angeles Dodgers and four related entities filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection Monday morning in Delaware federal bankruptcy court. Beyond asking the court to approve a $150 million financing from hedge fund Highbridge Capital in order to meet payroll later this week, the team also asked the court to relaunch a sale of its cable rights, already turned down by MLB.
The Dodgers have been in turmoil for well over a year, and the filings are the latest step by owner Frank McCourt to keep control of the club. He is asking the court not just to approve the hedge fund as a lender, sure to raise MLB's hackles after the league's battle last year in the Rangers bankruptcy with another hedge fund, but to allow the club to sell its cable rights after MLB just days ago halted that process. MLB commissioner Bud Selig last week turned down an up to $3 billion sale of the team's cable rights for 17 years to Fox Sports, arguing the sale should occur after the current rights expire next year and because some proceeds flowed directly to McCourt.
Setting up what is surely to be a major test of the commissioner's authorities versus the power of a bankruptcy court, Dodgers assistant treasurer Jeffrey Ingram in an affidavit to the court asked it to allow "procedures that are designed to promote a competitive sales process with respect to those exclusive television rights."
Last year, it appeared as if Selig's authority to turn down buyers of teams could run afoul of the Rangers sale in bankruptcy. However, Selig's preferred buyer, Nolan Ryan, emerged victorious.
The Dodgers in the filing today said they are unable to meet $20 million of payroll due Thursday, and another $18.7 million commitment due the next day. Highbridge is willing to lend the money immediately, Ingram's affidavit said. No other potential lender, he said, was willing to lend $40 million.
The case has been assigned to judge Kevin Gross, who will have the first hearing Tuesday at 1:30 p.m. ET.
The Dodgers entities filing are Los Angeles Dodgers LLC, Los Angeles Dodgers Holding Co., LA Real Estate Holding Co., LA Holdco and LA Real Estate.
This story first appeared in SportsBusiness Daily, a sister publication of Sporting News.


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Jesus Club
2,370pages on
this wiki
this wiki
Jesus Club (formerly officially known as Friendship Club) is a Evangelical Christian youth organization held at Degrassi Community School. Friendship Club is first introduced in the Season 5 episode, Foolin'. After Spinner confesses his involvement with the shooting, Darcy brings him to a Friendship Club meeting. She sees this as a way to help Spinner forgive himself for what happened during the shooting. In Season 10, it was revealed that the name was changed to Jesus Club (which everyone outside the club had been calling it all along). Darcy's little sister, Clare Edwards, is one of the current members of the group.


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Category Column allows tracking, organizing and grouping list items. Component uses Outlook 2007 approach for element categorization. Easy indicator color changing and using of advanced tooltip provide a high professional component style.
Category column leverages SharePoint "Choice" column, enabling filter and sorting values in the column by standard action. Column supports single and multiple choices, allows fill-in value and different rendering in list view.
Enhanced single-click two-way conversion among "ArtfulBits Category" column and standard SharePoint "Choice" column included.
- Tracking list and task items according to associated colors
- Professional indicator's look and feel
- Advanced customizable tooltip
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- Filter and sort items according to column headers
- Supported Datasheet view, including edit mode
- Two-way conversion among "ArtfulBits Category" column and standard SharePoint "Choice" column
Why ArtfulBits Category Column?
Main purpose of the component is to provide useful ability to track, organize and group list items by marking with colored indicators. We use professional Outlook 2007 look and feel.
Keywords: Category Column, SharePoint Category Column, Choice Color Column, Color Choice Field, Choice Indicator Column, SharePoint Color Column, Color Column for SharePoint, Outlook Category, Color Label, SharePoint Custom Choice Field, Visual Indicator
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Additional Requirements: Windows Server 2003/2008, Windows SharePoint Services v3, MOSS2007 or SP2010, MS Framework 2.0/3.0
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The most commonly used alternative method for producing Mo-99 involves the neutron capture on an enriched target of Mo-98 (natural occurrence of Mo-98 is 24.13 percent), which is illustrated schematically in Figure D.2.
The fission cross section for thermal fission of U-235 is approximately 600 barns1 which represents a very high probability. Of this, approximately
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
500 Fifth St. N.W. | Washington, D.C. 20001
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"Appendix D: Alternative Molybdenum-99 Production Processes."
Medical Isotope Production Without Highly Enriched Uranium.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2009.
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[b]This quote couldn't be more true..... [img]/ccboard/images/graemlins/wink.gif[/img]
================================================== ==========
"We can't find bin Laden, we haven't made real progress in finding key elements of Al Qaeda. They continue to be as great a threat today as they were one and a half years ago. So by what measure can we claim to be successful sofar?"
-TOM DASCHLE, the Senate Democratic leader. [img]/ccboard/images/graemlins/confused.gif[/img]
==================================== ========================
Our President is now using Sadam Hussein as ginny pig since he has been unable to handle Bin Laden and the Al Qaeda. Abuse of his power and privileges, I might add!
Just my opinion, folks!

[b]Billiard is a passionate sport for the mind and soul!


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Register now for free, or sign in with any of these services:
Hi Kym. I just joined your site and am already enjoying all the news. I have a question though about the "free for the taking" article in the HGNW section of the oregonian today (8-26-2010). I have a few hens & chicks in various planters & so enjoyed the pic's today but wonder how do these
plants survive in our oh-so-rainy NW?? Esecially those in bowls etc without drainage holes? I am told they do not like being drowned so I try to get mine under cover before the rainy season, not always sucessfully I might add! I do lose some of them at times. I read your article about hens & chicks and enjoyed it also. Can you comment on leaving out or taking in these types of planters during the rainy season? Thanks so much. Jan


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Just when we were worried that the reverent atmosphere on the Grammys red carpet would mean zero Lady Gaga Egg moments tonight — BAM! Cameras got a glimpse of a mysterious hooded figure exiting her limo. And as she got out and turned around, we recognized her as Nicki Minaj and simultaneously noticed a man dressed, well, we don't know our Catholic formal wear too well, but we think he was dressed as the Pope. Or a bishop. And then, as our brains began to soak in all of this data, we got a better look at Nicki's face. Which is done very simply, devoid of her usual Barbie-doll exaggerations, and looks absolutely gorgeous.
We're told Nicki's hood/gown is Versace. We will definitely update this post as soon as we have any more information. Like on where you, too, can purchase a Pope to escort you through town, for instance.
Question for the room: Did Nicki Minaj really need to go over-the-top to get noticed tonight? Or would she have been better served by just looking good?
[Photos: Getty Images]


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AMAES traces its roots in 1980 when Ambassador Amable R. Aguiluz V founded the Amable M. Aguiluz Institute of Computer Studies (AMAICS) with the
vision of providing quality yet affordable education to the youth. From a mere provider of short term courses, AMAICS shortly offered Bachelor of Science in Computer Science Program and became the Philippines first institution of learning to offer a comprehensive curriculum for the
country's future computer scientists.
Since then, AMAICS, has grown to become AMA Education System that offers diverse academic programs under its various institutions that include
AMA Computer University and Colleges, AMA Computer Learning Center, AMA International Institute of Technology, ABE International Business
College, Saint Augustine International School, Norwegian Maritime Academy, Saint Augustine School of Nursing, AMA School Of Medicine and AMA
School of Nursing.
AMAES has evolved into an empire of IT institutions with over 200 branches in the Philippines. In 1999, it was awarded with the prestigious ISO
9001 Certification --- a testimony to its world-class stature. To reaffirm this, AMA Computer College was granted the university status by the
Commission on Higher Education of the Republic of the Philippines on August 20, 2001.
AMA Education System gains strong ground in other parts of the globe with the same sense of commitment for excellence and quality.
In September 2002, AMA International University - Bahrain (AMAIUB) was established under the patronage of the Prime Minister of the
Kingdom of Bahrain, H.H. Shaikh Khalifa Bin Salman Al-Khalifa. It envisions to provide world-class teaching and research to all Bahrainis.
AMA International University Bahrain is committed to serve as a key player in the development and enhancement of education in the Kingdom of
Bahrain through its innovative curricular programs that takes into heart the dynamics of culture in the region. It offers both undergraduate and
graduate degree programs that include Medical Science, Computer Science, Engineering Informatics, Mechatronics Engineering, Business Informatics
and International Studies as well as Graduate Programs in Business Administration and Computer Science.
Diversified education methods are provided for undergraduate students which include classroom teacher-led instruction, lectures and seminars. As
a core part of all its degree programs, AMAIUB also puts emphasis on the students career-development by providing job-relevant skills through
hands-on learning, practicum and internship program. These programs aim to respond not only to meet the industry needs of Bahrain and the
surrounding regions in terms of professional, and technical skills but also to meet the demands of the global workforce.
Steadily growing stronger, AMAIUB has moved from its original 3-building campus in Manama to a more spacious 57,450 sq. m. campus in Salmabad in
April 2008. This reflects the Universitys efforts to continuously upgrade its standards through a modern, well-equipped campus that shall
serves as the venue to cultivate higher learning. Today, AMAIUB enjoys a growing multicultural community and shall continue to be a thriving
source of diversified cultural and learning experience.


text:
Tuesday, November 18, 2014
Growth Management In Canada - by Deborah Curran
The municipal elections concluded in British Columbia on Saturday night. As I watched the results roll in for my region of Greater Victoria where we have 13 municipalities and a large unincorporated rural area I was unconsciously tallying what kind of leadership would be at the table over the next four years (this will be the first four year local government election cycle in B.C.) to champion the adoption and implementation of the new Regional Growth Strategy (RGS). The current regional plan, renamed for the current process as the Regional Sustainability Strategy, has been surprisingly successful over the past decade - over 90 percent of new development has occurred within the awkwardly named Regional Urban Containment and Servicing Area - due to a number of factors that include a relatively low rate of growth (just over 1 percent), a provincial agricultural land protection regime that limits development on farmland, rural areas that want to stay rural, urban areas that agree to densify to an extent, and available land within the urban containment boundary for a variety of new uses. Metro Vancouver's Livable Region Strategic Plan and new plan Metro Vancouver 2040: Shaping Our Future mirrors this success in a much faster growing region that is more significantly geographically constrained by oceans, mountains and the agricultural land reserve.
Part 25 of the Local Government Act, enables the local government growth management regime in B.C., the centrepiece of which are these RGS's. As I describe the purpose and effect of RGS I am sure you have heard if before: a regional board may adopt a RGS to guide decisions on growth, change and development. The purpose of a RGS is to "promote human settlement that is socially, economically, and environmentally healthy and make efficient use of public facilities and services, land and other resources" (section 849). A RGS must cover a twenty-year period and must include a comprehensive statement on the future of the region, including the economic, social, and environmental objectives of the governing board in relation to projected population requirements for housing, transportation, regional district services, parks and natural areas, and economic development. It is an agreement between the local governments (municipal and regional) in a region and should work towards a wish list of smart growth goals: avoiding urban sprawl, ensuring development takes place where adequate facilities exist, settlement patterns that minimize the use of the automobile and encourage walking, bicycling and public transit, protecting environmentally sensitive areas, etc. (s.849). Individual municipalities bring their comprehensive plans, called official community plans (OCP), into conformance with a RGS by including a regional context statement in the OCP stating how it will become consistent with the RGS over time (s.866). The bottom line is that these are voluntary plans that have a circuitous impact on local comprehensive plans, which means they are tenuously binding. [And I will not go into the courts' recent treatment of whether or not bylaws are consistent with local and regional plans in this post. I will save that for my next post on the Death of Community Plans].
However, interestingly last time I looked all RGS' in B.C. have urban growth boundaries. They may not be in the right place from a planning perspective, they may simply follow the lines of our provincial agricultural land protection zone, or they may mirror the jurisdictional boundary between private and Crown land, but it seems that the language of urban containment is alive and well in B.C. A line on the regional map that is adopted into each municipal official community plan is also the best type of policy to have in the RGS because it is clear and there is no discretion in its interpretation. Municipalities agree not to extend water or sewer service beyond that urban containment line except where needed to address public health or fire suppression needs.
In contrast, the relatively recent Ontario regime called "Places to Grow" involves provincially-imposed land use plans that were motivated by untenable increases in infrastructure, primarily road, costs in the Greater Toronto region around Lake Ontario. The foundation is the Places to Grow Act, 2005 that allows for the identification and designation of growth plan areas and the development of strategic growth plans. The Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe 2006 establishes the modest goal of 40 percent of all residential development occurring annually within designated built up areas, and meeting intensification targets for density based on predicted growth rates for each municipality. Municipalities must achieve intensification and meet intensification targets through their official plans and other documents. The Minister of Public Infrastructure Renewal has established a built boundary for each municipality, and urban growth centres are identified to take much of the new growth.
The growth management regimes in B.C. and Ontario are an interesting long term study in different legal approaches. In B.C. each RGS is an awkward negotiation between urban and rural municipalities that is facilitated by a regional government. One could argue that such a structure would lead to agreement on the lowest common policies. However, whether unwittingly or not, several of the RGS have proven to be remarkably effective in relation to urban containment. In Ontario the provincial government controversially imposes intensification targets and built boundaries in very large regional plans (the Greater Golden Horseshoe is many hundreds of kilometres deep and wide). Although mandatory and imposed by the provincial government, which raises the ire of local councils, the growth management targets are modest. Perhaps I am spoiled with our 90 percent urban containment rate here in Greater Victoria, but in a North American context intensification of 40 percent is seen as a gold standard as evidenced by the American Planning Association awarding the Daniel Burnham Award for a Comprehensive Plan to the Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe (apparently the first time the award has been presented to an organization outside the United States).
November 18, 2014 in Agriculture, Books, Comparative Land Use, Comprehensive Plans, Planning, Sprawl, Suburbs, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0)
Tuesday, August 6, 2013
Unusual Reading in Buffalo: From John Birch to Glenn Beck
In summer, I like to put aside an hour or so each work day to read various articles and books that I have stumbled across during the busy semester but lacked time to review. Today, the top of my stacks were an article from The New American and a book by Glenn Beck. It was really just coincidence that these two hit the top of my piles today, but it has made for a surreal afternoon.
First up is an article from The New American (the publication of the John Birch Society) by Tom DeWeese, entitled Conservation Easements and the Urge to Rule. You know an article is gonna be good when the first sentence mentions the Green Mafia. DeWeese's piece argues that conservation easements are the biggest threat to small family farmers out there. I don't want to spend too much time on his article, because it is just so chock full of problems and errors that it would take too long. He conflates conservation easements and zoning law and seems to rest everything on one case study whose facts are unclear in his piece. My favorite line though is where he compares land trusts to commodity traders buying and selling conservation easements at a significant profit. That sentence on page 2 is where he really lost any credibility he might have had with me. While not an adherent of the John BIrch Society, I have been a vocal critic of the uses of conservation easements. It is always surprising to me when I see them attacked from the right. In many ways, they embody fundamental conservative ideals of promoting and protecting private property rights. Instead of saying landowners can freely enter into any contract regarding their land that they like (a clear libertarian approach), DeWeese seems to be suggesting that any limitation on property rights (even voluntary ones) should not be permitted. Without giving too much credence to DeWeese's writing on this, I am just generally befuddled by the lack of consistency in the property rights movement.
I wish I could also share an interview with Becky Norton Dunlop of the Heritage Foundation on Fox News from February 2010 where she amusingly asserts conservation easements are akin to eminent domain, but the clip no longer appears available.
After zooming through that little article, I picked up Agenda 21 by Glenn Beck. Wow is this a crazy book. Now I don't have cable tv (and would unlikely be tuning into FoxNews if I did), so I have a general understanding of who Glenn Beck is but haven't really seen much more than clips. This may explain why I had no idea what I was in for. I was looking for a book to give me the conservative take on Agenda 21 conspiracy. I gave a talk at the Western New York Land Conservancy earlier this summer, and the Conservancy chose not to advertise the talk in the Buffalo News for fear of Agenda 21 protesters. I am super a bit embarrassed to admit that I was unfamiliar with the conservative Agenda 21 battle cry. My take on Agenda 21 thus far is that it is pretty toothless. Lots of big ideas with little action. So I was pretty surprised to hear that some radical right groups appear afraid of it. Clearly they must fear what it symbolizes rather than what it actually does. Enter Glenn Beck. Someone told me that Glenn Beck wrote a book about Agenda 21 and it is a fast read. What that person failed to mention is that it is a 1984-esque sci fi novel set in a future where Agenda 21 has led to a dystopia. Wanna hear my secret? I kinda love it. It is completely ridiculous, of course, but a great beach read ... if you were willing to let people see you reading it in public.
Jessica Owley
August 6, 2013 in Beaches, Books, Conservation Easements, Eminent Domain, Land Trust, Planning, Property Rights, Sustainability, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (2) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, July 19, 2013
Land Conservation and Environmental Psychology
Well looks like we are about half-way through the summer (depending on the schools schedules in your family). Instead of embarking on a new project this summer, I have committed myself to finish up several projects that have been lingering. One project that is oh so close to completion is a book chapter I wrote for a Cambridge University Press book that Keith Hirokawa is editing.The book is entitled Environmental Law and Contrasting Ideas of Nature: A Constructivist Approach and I think should hit bookshelves before the end of the year. Keith asked me to tackle the subject of nature versus perpetuity, with a particular emphasis on property law. I easily agreed because the topic seemed a natural one for me, but then I had trouble with it. My thesis was: perpetual static property rules make little sense in a changing world. Perfect! The problem was that Keith wanted something longer than a sentence.
As I delved deeper into these issues (and I would be hard pressed to label my approach "constructivist"), I became intrigued with thinking about why we have perpetual static tools. Now, I don't mean how they have evolved. I have written mind-numbingly boring fascinating articles about that in the past. Instead, I was intrigued with what it is about us as individuals that crafts our approach to land conservation the way that we do. In this research, I became intrigued by a few different pschological concepts. In very simple terms, we are not good at thinking about the future. First, when problems and issues are too big, our brains simplify them to make them digestible (or sometimes we just ignore them). Second, when making projections about future conditions, we tend to be overly optimistic. Layer these traits onto a policy for long-term land conservation in an era of increasing landscape changes and you start to see why we have problems. Although the chapter considers other subjects (including how current property laws fail to mesh with lessons from conservation biology), the brief psychology discussion was the most fun for me. Makes me pretty durn thankful that I work at an interdisciplinary school like Buffalo where I could just knock on the door of the psychologist (Chuck Ewing) whose office is next door to mine.
Interested in checking out the book chapter? You can find it here and the formal abstract is below. Interested in seeing what else appears in this book? A few other chapters have been popping up on SSRN as well including ones by Mike Burger, Jonathan Rosenbloom, Robin Kundis Craig, Tony Arnold, and Irus Braverman.
Property Constructs and Nature's Challenge to Perpetuity
Conservation biology and ecology (as well as our eyes and ears) tell us that nature is in a constant state of flux. Yet, models of land conservation focus on preserving the present state of land in perpetuity. Legal concepts that center on the status quo turn a blind eye to the fact that nature is ever-changing. This conflict is illustrated by examining both traditional property servitudes and conservation easements. These restrictions on private land often explicitly state that they are preserving today's landscape in perpetuity. This chapter explores the inherent conflict between the changing natural world and rigid legal structures, detailing the struggles of applying principles like resiliency thinking and adaptive management to property tools for conservation. It also explores why this disconnect occurs including some discussion of environmental psychology
- Jessie Owley
July 19, 2013 in Books, Environmental Law, Property, Property Rights, Property Theory, Scholarship | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, March 13, 2013
Arnold on Framing Watersheds
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold (Louisville) has posted Framing Watersheds, forthcoming in Environmental Law and Contrasting Ideas of Nature: A Constructivist Approach, Keith Hirokawa, ed., Cambridge University Press, 2013. The abstract:
Watershed institutions have emerged in the U.S. out of the structural fragmentation and functional inadequacies of several areas of law and policy. While these institutions organize governance, planning, and management functions around a type of ecosystem (i.e., watersheds), they are highly diverse and evolve over time. This book chapter seeks to understand the diversity of watershed institutions by employing framing analysis to identify the many cognitive and socio-political frames by which the legal system conceptualizes watersheds. More importantly, the chapter analyzes whether watershed institutions have adaptive capacity and can promote ecological and social resilience over time. The processes of multiple framing (multi-framing) and reframing, as seen in several case studies of multi-faceted and evolving watershed institutions, offer considerable promise for society and its watershed institutions to adapt to complex and dynamic conditions. The book chapter explores the barriers to and problems with multi-framing and reframing processes, as well as the opportunities for and benefits of multi-framing and reframing, in light of emerging scientific and social theories about resilience and systemic change.
Tony is a friend of this blog and an occasional Contributing Editor, as well as a leader in the emerging areas of sustainability and adaptive management. Looks like an interesting volume by Keith Hirokawa and others.
Matt Festa
March 13, 2013 in Books, Environmental Law, Environmentalism, Scholarship, Water | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, February 8, 2013
Zasloff: Has New Urbanism Killed Land Use Law?
Jonathan Zasloff (UCLA) has a piece on Legal Planet: The Environmental Law and Policy Blog (Berkeley/UCLA) called Has New Urbanism Killed Land Use Law?
My Land Use casebook, like most of them, mentions New Urbanist zoning and planning techniques, but does not dwell on them. In order to teach New Urbanist concepts such as Form-Based Codes, SmartCode, and the Transect, I had to develop my own materials, as well as shamelessly stealing a couple of Powerpoint presentations from a friend who works at Smart Growth America.
What's the cause of this gap? Is it because land use professors have a thing about Euclidean zoning?
I doubt it. A quick check in the Westlaw "ALLCASES" database yields only one result for the phrase "Form-Based Code" and none of the results for "transect" has anything to do with the New Urbanist land use concept. That means that it is very difficult actually to find cases that reflect aspects of New Urbanism.
One can understand that in several ways, I suppose. You could infer that New Urbanism just leaves less room for legal disputes than traditional Euclidean zoning. For example, there is no need to worry about non-conforming uses, use variances, or conditional use permits with Form-Based Codes because those codes do not regulate uses to begin with. . . .
Now let me quibble with this a little bit: in Houston--the Unzoned City--we supposedly don't regulate uses either. But it seems we do nothing here but apply for, and fight over, variances, nonconforming uses, and special exceptions, for everything from lot sizes and setbacks to sign code and HP rules. It seems to me that people are going to want incremental exceptions for building form or site requirements at least as commonly, if not more so, than for use designations.
But overall it's a good point. Zasloff concludes that even if we do move to form based codes, we'll still probably need to keep a little zoning around:
[W]hile New Urbanism coding can serve as a replacement for a lot of Euclideanism, it cannot eliminate it entirely — not because we are addicted to Euclidean forms, and not because we are dumb, but because lots of the world is uncertain, and cities will have to grapple with that.
I also find that New Urbanism is hard to teach in a doctrinal land use law class. Zasloff concludes:
If this is right, then land use casebooks will still emphasize Euclidean zoning, because that's where the disputes are and necessarily will be.
A problem set with form-based codes would be nice, though. Just sayin'.
I know some recent land use casebooks have moved to a problem-based approach, and some of our colleagues have created their own materials for teaching New Urbanism. Students find this stuff interesting, so we should all work towards developing these resources for teaching.
Matt Festa
February 8, 2013 in Books, Form-Based Codes, Historic Preservation, Houston, New Urbanism, Teaching, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, November 23, 2012
Arnold and Gunderson on Adaptive Law
Tony Arnold (Louisville) sends word that he has co-authored a chapter with Lance Gunderson (Emory--Environmental Studies) called Adaptive Law, forthcoming in the book Resilience and Law, Craig R. Allen & Ahjond S. Garmestani, eds., Columbia University Press, 2013. The abstract:
This book chapter proposes a bold sweeping set of characteristics of "adaptive law": features of the legal system that promote the resilience and adaptive capacity of both social systems and ecosystems. Law, particularly U.S. law, has been characterized as ill-suited to management of natural resources and the environment for resilience and sustainability. The maladaptive features of U.S. law include narrow systemic goals, mononcentric, unimodal, and fragmented structure, inflexible methods, and rational, linear, legal-centralist processes. This book chapter proposes four fundamental features of an adaptive legal system: 1) multiplicty of articulated goals; 2) polycentric, multimodal, and integrationist structure; 3) adaptive methods based on standards, flexibility, discretion, and regard for context; and 4) iterative legal-pluralist proceses with feedback loops and accountability. It then discusses these four features in the context of several socio-ecological issues and identifies needs for future study and development of adaptive law, particularly in light of panarchy theory about how complex, adaptive, interconnected systems change over time.
As many land use lawyers already know, Prof. Arnold is one of the leading scholars in establishing the emerging area of adaptive law; this collaboration with Prof. Gunderson looks to be a very helpful starting point for comparing ecosystems and social systems with respect to adaptation to changing circumstances.
Matt Festa
November 23, 2012 in Books, Climate, Environmental Law, Planning, Scholarship, Sustainability | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, November 2, 2012
Hirokawa & Rosenbloom on Land Use Planning in a Climate Change Context
Keith H. Hirokawa (Albany) and Jonathan D. Rosenbloom (Drake) have posted Land Use Planning in a Climate Change Context, forthcoming in RESEARCH HANDBOOK ON CLIMATE ADAPTATION LAW, Jonathan Verschuuren, ed., 2013. The abstract:
Although local governance is an experiment in adaptation (and often lauded for being so), climate change is distinct from traditional challenges to local governance. Nonetheless, many local governments are directing agencies to utilize existing and traditional local government tools to adapt to climate change. Local governments, for example, are adopting regulatory rules that require consideration of potential climate impacts in public-sector decisions with the goal of improving local adaptive capacity. Throughout these efforts, it is becoming clear that one of the most effective adaptation tools used by local governments is the power to plan communities. Through land use planning, local governments can increase resiliency to major climate shifts and ensure that our communities are equipped with built-in mechanisms to face and mitigate such changes. This essay identifies some of the most innovative planning tools available to local governments that illustrate the potential to plan for community resiliency. The essay begins by identifying some of the severe impacts local governments will experience from climate change. This part recognizes that not all local governments will experience climate change impacts the same, and that climate change adaptation is contextual. Part II provides an overview and inventory of traditional local governance tools, paying particular attention to zoning and nuisance laws. Part III looks more closely at specific structural tools that form the basic foundation for a wide variety of land use planning adaptation approaches and goals. The final part expands on the structural tools and explores specific mechanisms that can help local governments achieve adaptation goals and avoid catastrophic unpreparedness through proper land use planning in the climate change arena.
This piece, by two productive scholars who are also friends of this blog (Jonathan served as a guest blogger as well), should serve as a terrific introduction to the intersection of land use and climate change. The volume looks like good reading for students, scholars, and practitioners.
Matt Festa
November 2, 2012 in Books, Climate, Environmental Law, Local Government, Nuisance, Planning, Scholarship, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, September 18, 2012
Hirokawa on Urban Forests as Green Infrastructure
Keith Hirokawa (Albany) has posted his latest interesting piece, Urban Forests as Green Infrastructure, a chapter from his book with Patricia Salkin GREENING LOCAL GOVERNMENT: LEGAL STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY, EFFICIENCY, AND FISCAL SAVINGS, p. 257, Keith H. Hirokawa and Patricia Salkin, eds., American Bar Association, 2012. The abstract:
Urban forests capture air and water pollutants as they provide shade, habitat, and social value. The health and character of urban forests are determined by the priorities that communities place on them, the local regulations that direct land use choices, and the extent to which local governments address resource shortages through zoning, resource planning, and resource regulation. Local governments can plan and regulate urban forests to benefit (economically, socially, and environmentally) from the services that trees can provide to communities. This essay explores the role of urban forests in the local provision of local green infrastructure and the ways that local governments capture of the benefits of urban forests by planning and implementing tree protections.
Matt Festa
September 18, 2012 in Books, Environmental Law, Environmentalism, Local Government, Planning, Scholarship, Sustainability, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, August 24, 2012
Mandelker book on Free Speech Law for On Premise Signs
Daniel R. Mandelker (Washington University) has published a new book on the important topic of sign regulation under the First Amendment: Free Speech Law for On Premise Signs (2012). Professor Mandelker's short summary:
The handbook explains the free speech law that determines how sign ordinances for on premise signs should be drafted. It first discusses the general free speech principles that apply, and next the free speech law that applies to different types of signs and the regulations that apply to these signs, such as height and setback requirements and design review.
Free Speech Law for On Premise Signs is available for free download at the United States Sign Council website, and also at Professor Mandelker's excellent website Land Use Law (the website--a companion to the Mandelker et al. Casebook, has a great collection of statutes, cases, scholarship, photos, and other resources for land use students and practitioners).
One of my most interesting teaching experiences was having a nontraditional student who was semi-retired from the billboard business; his experiences of the interaction between free speech law and sign regulation were what inspired him to go to law school. Free Speech Law for On Premise Signs, which explains these sophisticated legal concepts in a readable and practical way, will be very valuable to any planner, policymaker, or lawyer whose work brings them into this area.
Matt Festa
August 24, 2012 in Aesthetic Regulation, Books, Constitutional Law, First Amendment, Local Government, Planning, Scholarship, Signs, Supreme Court | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, August 22, 2012
Flammable Cities
Greg Bankoff (History--University of Hull), Ewe Lubken (Rachel Carson Center, Munich), and Jordan Sand (History--Georgetown) have published Flammable Cities: Urban Conflagration and the Making of the Modern World (U. Wisconsin Press, 2012), an edited volume of essays on the role of fires in the history of urban development. The blurb:
In most cities today, fire has been reduced to a sporadic and isolated threat. But throughout history the constant risk of fire has left a deep and lasting imprint on almost every dimension of urban society. This volume, the first truly global study of urban conflagration, shows how fire has shaped cities throughout the modern world, from Europe to the imperial colonies, major trade entrepôts, and non-European capitals, right up to such present-day megacities as Lagos and Jakarta. Urban fire may hinder commerce or even spur it; it may break down or reinforce barriers of race, class, and ethnicity; it may serve as a pretext for state violence or provide an opportunity for displays of state benevolence. As this volume demonstrates, the many and varied attempts to master, marginalize, or manipulate fire can turn a natural and human hazard into a highly useful social and political tool.
Over at The Atlantic Cities, Emily Badger has a review called The Uncomfortable Politics Behind the History of Urban Fires. She notes how fires played a role in the contested theories and policies behind land use, property, and government:
In the United States, we've come to think of forest fires this way, as we spar over the rights of wealthy people to build their vacation homes in flammable places like Malibu. But the history of urban fires is similarly political, in large part because it reflects the story of how governments came to view and value property.
"Fire is, of course, this threat to human life, but conspicuously it's about the destruction of property," Sand says. "Is it the obligation of the city fathers or [government] to prevent peoples' private property from being destroyed?"
Badger's review and the book have a lot of interesting observations.
Matt Festa
August 22, 2012 in Books, History, Local Government, Politics, Property, Scholarship, Urbanism | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Sunday, August 12, 2012
Krakoff & Rosser book on Tribes, Land, & the Environment
Sarah Krakoff (Colorado) and Ezra Rosser (American U) have posted Tribes, Land, and the Environment (Introduction), the intro to their new book TRIBES, LAND, AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Sarah Krakoff & Ezra Rosser eds., Published by Ashgate, ISBN 978-1-4094-2062-0, 2012. The abstract:
About the book: Legal and environmental concerns related to Indian law and tribal lands remain an understudied branch of both indigenous law and environmental law. Native American tribes have a far more complex relationship with the environment than is captured by the stereotype of Indians as environmental stewards. Meaningful tribal sovereignty requires that non-Indians recognize the right of Indians to determine their own relationship to the land and the environment. But tribes do not exist in a vacuum: in fact they are deeply affected by off-reservation activities and, similarly, tribal choices often have effects on nearby communities. This book brings together diverse essays by leading Indian law scholars across the disciplines of indigenous and environmental law. The chapters reveal the difficulties encountered by Native American tribes in attempts to establish their own environmental standards within federal Indian law and environmental law structures. Gleaning new insights from a focus on tribal land and property law, the collection studies the practice of tribal sovereignty as experienced by Indians and non-Indians, with an emphasis on the development and regulatory challenges these tribes face in the wake of climate change. This volume will advance the reader's knowledge and understanding of these challenging issues.
Prof. Rosser also sends along the links to the Ashgate publisher's page and to the Table of Contents. There are a lot of land use issues involved here and it's definitely a book worth checking out. Contributions include essays by the two editors and our own Jessica Owley, among other thoughtful writers.
Matt Festa
August 12, 2012 in Books, Environmental Law, Federal Government, History, Property, Scholarship | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Penalver on Progressive Lessons from DeSoto
Eduardo M. Penalver (Cornell) has posted The Costs of Regulation or the Consequences of Poverty? Progressive Lessons from De Soto, which is a chapter from the book Hernando de Soto and Property in a Market Economy, (D. Benjamin Barros ed.), Ashgate, 2010. Penalver's abstract:
Commentators have often characterized Hernando de Soto's advocacy of formalization of title for landless squatters as right-wing. And de Soto seems to understand himself as an advocate of individual property rights and free markets. But his analysis of informality and redistribution has a subtext with potentially progressive implications. Although de Soto sometimes reflexively attributes informality to overregulation, informality can always also be characterized as the consequence of being too poor to afford regulated goods. Indeed, for any particular regulation that puts the regulated good out of reach of the poor, we can either attribute this consequence to the cost of the regulation or to the consequences of a distribution of wealth that makes the regulated good unaffordable to those at the bottom. Thus, if the regulation is a good one, its effect on price, and therefore on informality, may argue in favor of keeping the regulation but redistributing purchasing power to blunt its pernicious impact on informality. What we need is a way of evaluating regulations that goes beyond merely observing their impact on the cost of goods and, indirectly, on the prevalence of informality. Specifically, we need to be able to evaluate four different possibilities: (1) regulation with redistribution to offset the impact of the regulation on the poor; (2) regulation without redistribution with its attendant increase in informality; (3) redistribution without regulation; and (4) no redistribution and no regulation. Choosing among these options is the domain of applied political theory. The choice is a far more complicated and demanding task than merely observing that regulation without redistribution increases informality.
All of the contributions to the 2010 Barros-edited volume on DeSoto are extremely interesting and thought-provoking. Penalver's essay, just now posted on SSRN, pushes us to consider the property theory beyond the traditional political characterizations of DeSoto's ideas.
Matt Festa
August 12, 2012 in Books, Comparative Land Use, Economic Development, History, Politics, Property Rights, Property Theory, Scholarship | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Monday, June 18, 2012
Craig on Oceans and Place-Based Management
The ever prolific Robin Kundis Craig has a new book out:
Comparative Ocean Governance Place-Based Protections in an Era of Climate Change
Comparative Ocean Governance examines the world's attempts to improve ocean governance through place-based management – marine protected areas, ocean zoning, marine spatial planning – and evaluates this growing trend in light of the advent of climate change and its impacts on the seas.This monograph opens with an explanation of the economics of the oceans and their value to the global environment and the earth's population, the long-term stressors that have impacted oceans, and the new threats to ocean sustainability that climate change poses. It then examines the international framework for ocean management and coastal nations' increasing adoption of place-based governance regimes. The final section explores how these place-based management regimes intersect with climate change adaptation efforts, either accidentally or intentionally. It then offers suggestions for making place-based marine management even more flexible and responsive for the future. Environmental law scholars, legislators and policymakers, marine scientists, and all those concerned for the welfare of the world's oceans will find this book of great value.
Jessie Owley
June 18, 2012 in Books, Climate, Environmental Law, Scholarship, Water | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, June 15, 2012
The Death and Life of Affordable Housing--panel video
Via Congress for the New Urbanism, I came across this link to what looks like a great panel discussion hosted by the Cato Institute and cosponsored by Next American City, called "The Death and Life of Affordable Housing." Here is the link to the video. The session features a terrific lineup of thoughtful commentators. From the event description:
Featuring Ryan Avent, Author of The Gated City; Adam Gordon, Staff Attorney, Fair Share Housing; Randal O'Toole, Senior Fellow, Cato Institute, and author of American Nightmare: How Government Undermines the Dream of Homeownership; Matthew Yglesias, author of The Rent Is Too Damn High; moderated by Diana Lind, Executive Director and Editor-in-Chief, Next American City. . . .
The Cato Institute and Next American City will jointly host a panel discussion about housing and development policy in American cities. For several decades, U.S. policymakers have grappled with how to make housing more affordable for more people. In the past year, several new books have claimed that various government tools, such as zoning and subsidies, have limited people's access to desirable, affordable housing—while other leading thinkers have suggested that markets alone will not create socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable communities. With a shared goal of creating livable, affordable communities for all people—but diverging ideas of how to get there—the panel will give voice to a range of perspectives on the hotly debated issue of how to shape 21st-century American cities.
I plan to check it out this weekend. Enjoy,
Matt Festa
June 15, 2012 in Affordable Housing, Books, Conferences, Development, Environmentalism, Housing, Lectures, Planning, Scholarship, Sustainability, Urbanism, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, May 29, 2012
The biking bug
Coming this July, New York City will launch a bike share program with 10,000 bikes at 600 stations across lower Manhattan (below 59th Street) and the hipster enclaves of west Brooklyn.
David Byrne, former-Talking Heads front man turned biking proselytizer (maybe you've read his Bicycle Diaries about biking in cities around the world), has a great piece about biking in the Big Apple in last Sunday's New York Times. In the article, he focuses on the practical aspects of the bicycle program for daily activities, like getting some groceries or going across town to a meeting.
Byrne notes that some 200 cities around the world have bike-share programs. I've never used a bike-share program, but not for want of trying. When we were in London last summer, my wife and I were trying to find a rack in that city's bike-share program with two bikes for the both of us, and in London's Soho, we had no such luck. The good news is that the program was obviously immensely popular in London, and I have no doubt it will be in New York. (In particular, I predict Ess-a-Bagel on 1st Avenue will see an even longer line as its bagels become just a short bike-ride away for that many more people).
As a matter of policy, however, I wonder whether the best use of bikes is really the freedom it offers for complete trips, or whether biking's long-term value for large cities isn't the ability for people to use bikes to access other forms of public transportation, such as trains. For several years in San Francisco, I rode my bike, rain or shine, from Potrero Hill to the 24th Street BART station, and then took the train in to work. There were a lot of others doing the same. That requires a different biking infrastructure than bike share programs. Instead of the rental bike stands, it requires secure places to park bikes at train stations and safe pathways through more distant parts of the city. The value, of course, is making public transportation options, such as trains, more readily available to more people. Imagine such a program in the far reaches of Brooklyn or Queens linking to the city's established subway system.
Biking programs can take a long time to develop. For instance, San Francisco's bike plan went through litigation and was required to conduct an extensive environmental impact report under the California Environmental Quality Act. As such, thinking through the variety of ways that bikes can assist getting around a city, should be conducted and evaluated up front. Bike shares and bike-to-transit, I'd suggest, are both important parts of the project.
For those cities contemplating such bike-friendly options, I have two free ideas I'm offering to you. First, a bike commuter greenbelt. This is not new, by any means, but this year I've discovered the joys of bike commuting along Boise's Greenbelt, and it is such a remarkable daily experience down by the cool river. For any city that has the option of making this a reality, just do it. Second, parking squids. That's right, parking squids. Parking squids are being deployed by Seattle as a means of creating bike parking within existing parking spaces. The parking squids each park eight bikes and fit within a traditional car parking space. The squids provide utility and whimsy in the same fixture. Could there be anything better in ending a work commute than locking a bike up to a squid before heading to office?
Stephen R. Miller
May 29, 2012 in Books, California, New York, Transportation | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Tuesday, May 15, 2012
Boudreaux on The Housing Bias
Paul Boudreaux (Stetson)--the original Founding Editor of the Land Use Prof Blog-- has published a book that addresses one of the most critical issues in American land use in the 21st century: The Housing Bias--Rethinking Land Use Laws for a Diverse New America (Palgrave MacMillan, 2011). Here's the SSRN abstract:
As more than 300 million Americans squeeze into our country, and as single-person households now outnumber families of parents and children, it's time to rethink our land use laws that favor the single-family house. Our zoning laws were created in an age that assumed that nearly everyone outside of central cities preferred to live a house separated from neighbors; this assumption is no longer valid and no longer sustainable for a crowded nation. The Housing Bias explores the legal discrimination against apartment buildings and other forms of low-cost residences and how these laws make housing more expensive for modest-income Americans – a key factor in the development of subprime loans and other risky practices that eventually sparked our current economic crisis. Why do our laws prohibit the construction of low-cost housing? It is largely because existing homeowners prefer to exclude them – an astonishing example of law's granting a legal privilege to wealthier citizens, a privilege that our nation can no longer afford.
This provocative book explores real-world 21st-century controversies of the housing bias. It visits the recent effort of Virginia suburbs to enforce "overcrowding" laws against mostly Latino families who migrated to the area to build new subdivisions, and then moves to New York, where eminent domain is used through a dubious interpretation of law to seize condominiums of middle-class families to build a new pro basketball arena. The book reports on the story of how laws requiring large house lots prevented the construction of a mobile-home community in a growing rural county in southern Michigan, and then examines the failed effort to legalize the widespread phenomenon of small "granny flats" in the backyards of the middle-class homes in the packed city of Los Angeles.
The Housing Bias concludes by exploring how we could update our laws to accommodate the housing needs of a diverse new America, in which half of all households now consist of only one or two persons. The prescriptions range from the complex, such as using state laws to override the power of local homeowners to zone out low-cost housing in certain zones, to the simple, such as facilitating the construction of apartments above suburban malls. It is useful for libraries and for college courses on society or law or for any intelligent reader. Written in an entertaining and jargon-free style, The Housing Bias is essential reading for understanding the flaws and the future of the American community.
One of the great things about land use is that it is fundamentally about places and their stories, and in this book Paul uses these examples to make a larger point about a critical issue of law and policy. The Housing Bias is definitely worth reading and thinking about.
Matt Festa
May 15, 2012 in Affordable Housing, Books, California, Housing, Mortgage Crisis, Mortgages, New York, Planning, Property, Scholarship, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, May 9, 2012
Alexander & Dagan on Properties of Property
Just got in the mail a copy of the great new book by Gregory S. Alexander (Cornell) & Hanoch Dagan (Tel-Aviv), Properties of Property (Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2012). From the description:
Broadly interdisciplinary, Properties of Property provides an overview of cutting-edge work from leading legal scholars as well as important non-legal scholars. The text is designed for an international audience, particularly teachers, scholars, and students throughout Europe, the British Commonwealth, and China. Properties of Property is perfectly suited for courses and seminars in other departments, from history to urban planning, both at the graduate and undergraduate level. It is a must for any law school library, even if no seminar on property theory is offered, because it appeals to law school students as well as scholars and graduate students interested in property. A Teacher's Guide provides different ways the authors have organized property theory seminars using the book; suggestions for using the book as a companion to a property casebook; and discussion of questions that are posed in the Notes.
This looks like a great read; an outstanding survey of the leading interdisciplinary scholarship for any scholar or practitioner in property, land use, and environmental law; and it would make a perfect text for a property seminar or as a supplement to a doctrinal course.
Matt Festa
May 9, 2012 in Books, Property, Property Theory, Scholarship, Teaching | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Friday, April 6, 2012
Kelly on Calavita and Mallach on Global Inclusionary Housing
Our own James J. Kelly (Notre Dame) has posted a review essay on Calavita & Mallach eds., Inclusionary Housing in International Perspective: Affordable Housing, Social Inclusion, and Land Value Recapture. Jim's review essay, Inclusionary Housing on a Global Basis, appears in his own Journal of Affordable Housing and Community Development Law, Vol. 20, p. 261, Spring/Summer 2011. The abstract:
This is a book review of Inclusionary Housing in International Perspective: Affordable Housing, Social Inclusion, and Land Value Recapture (2010, Nico Calavita and Alan Mallach, eds.). The book offers a comparative look at land-use based approaches to the creation of affordable housing in a broad range of developed countries. A little less than a sixth of the book is dedicated to the U.S., with special attention given to the development on inclusionary programs in California and New Jersey. The editors then devote a chapter each to Canada, England, Ireland, France, Spain and Italy. The penultimate chapter looks at inclusionary practices in a variety of other countries including India, Israel, Colombia and South Africa. The review welcomes this addition to the study of affordable housing programs across the developed world.
A link to the Lincoln Land Institute publication is at Jim's earlier blog post on the book.
Matt Festa
April 6, 2012 in Affordable Housing, Books, Comparative Land Use, Housing, Inclusionary Zoning, Scholarship | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, March 28, 2012
Waldman on Yglesias, Avent, and Zoning and Property Rights
Economics blogger Steve Randy Waldman has a fascinating review post on the Interfluidity blog called Zoning Laws and Property Rights. From the intro:
A couple of weeks ago, I sat down and read Matt Yglesias' The Rent Is Too Damned High and Ryan Avent's The Gated City back to back. Both were a pleasure to read, for their content, and for the opportunity to kick a couple of bucks to two of my fave bloggers behind an ennobling veil of commerce. As an avid reader of both authors' online work, there were no huge surprises, but reading the ebooks took me deeper and inspired some more considered thought on their ideas. Ryan Avent and Matt Yglesias (and Ed Glaeser too!) are separate humans with their own identities and ideas. But these "econourbanists" share a core view, and I hope they will forgive me if I consider their work together. Although they arrive at a similar place, the two books take very different roads: Avent's book is a bit wonkier and more economistic, focusing on the macro role of cities in enhancing productivity through economies of scale and agglomeration; Yglesias treats the same set of issues more polemically and with an emphasis on the personal, thinking about how individuals should expect to make a living in an increasingly service-oriented economy, the importance of accessible cities to the kind of prosperity he envisions, and the perils of any obstacle that makes urban life inaccessible ("the rent is too damned high!"). Read both!
This is a long post with extensive analysis of the reviewed work and the authors' own insights. Waldman is a qualified skeptic of the authors' approaches. A very insightful essay that grapples with the issues I am trying to address in my own scholarship. I am glad to add a new term-- "econourbanist"-- to my land use lexicon! Thanks to Geoff Corn for the link.
Matt Festa
March 28, 2012 in Books, Property Rights, Scholarship, Urbanism, Zoning | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)
Wednesday, March 14, 2012
Byrne on the Contemporary Role of Preservation Law in Urban Development
J. Peter Byrne (Georgetown) has posted Historic Preservation and its Cultured Despisers: Reflections on the Contemporary Role of Preservation Law in Urban Development, George Mason Law Review, Vol. 19 (2012). The abstract:
The past years have seen widely noticed critiques of historic preservation by "one of our leading urban economists," Edward Glaeser, and by star architect Rem Koolhaas. Glaeser, an academic economist specializing in urban development, admits that preservation has value. But he argues in his invigorating book, Triumph of the City, and in a contemporaneous article, Preservation Follies, that historic preservation restricts too much development, raises prices, and undermines the vitality of the cities. Koolhaas is a Pritzker Prize-winning architect and oracular theorist of the relation between architecture and culture. In his New York exhibit, Cronocaos, he argued that preservation lacks an organizing theory, imposes inauthentic consumer-friendly glosses on older structures, and inhibits architectural creativity. Although these critiques are as different as the cultural spaces inhabited by their authors (although both are professors at Harvard), both seemed to strike nerves, suggesting an underlying unease about how large a role preservation has come to play in urban development. This article assesses these critiques as part of an ongoing effort to make sense of historic preservation law.
This article proceeds as follows: First, it presents Glaeser's critique in detail, placing it within the context of his larger argument about what makes cities attractive and dynamic. Grappling with the strengths and weaknesses of Glaeser's critique leads to a discussion of how preservation regulation actually works and clarification of some of the benefits it confers. Second, this Article will attempt to specify Koolhaas's critique, connecting it to similar complaints about preservation by more linear thinkers. Weighing objections to the coherence or authenticity of preservation leads to further discussion of the role that preservation plays in the larger culture. This article concludes with a call for future research.
Matt Festa
March 14, 2012 in Architecture, Books, Development, Historic Preservation, History, Planning, Property, Scholarship, Urbanism | Permalink | Comments (0) | TrackBack (0)


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Records Management Unit
Changes to Disposal Authorisation 2157
The State Archivist has made a number of amendments to Disposal Authorisation No. 2157 - Common Administrative Records (DA 2157). All staff are advised to replace any existing copies of DA 2157 with the updated version.
The following disposal classes have been altered:
- 01.07.03 - Records documenting the management of contracts.
- 05.06.02 - Records documenting authorisations to conduct financial transactions on behalf of clients.
- 13.12.02 - Records documenting inspections undertaken to determine the presence of hazardous materials in buildings, including asbestos.
- 13.18.01 - Records documenting major repairs and maintenance projects. Now includes electric, plumbing and fire inspections.
- 13.18.02 - Records documenting minor repairs and routine maintenance.
The following new disposal classes have been added:
- 09.33.01 - 09.33.07 - Right to Information requests.
- 12.22.03 - Temporary Employment Registers and supporting documentation.
- 13.24.06 - Copies of records forward to the Department of Health and Human Services reporting the discovery of syringes or needles.
- 13.28.01 - Notifications received from local councils relating to agency properties.
Please ensure that you use the updated version of the document when disposing of any records and contact the Disposal and Training Officer if you have any questions.
Published on: 14 Jul 2011


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Animated-Views has an exclusive interview with animators Andreas Deja and Mark Henn about the new Goofy short, " How To Hook Up Your Home Theather". It look like a great new short.
Upgrade: This short is being made for theathers not TV. Supposely it will appear in front of a live-action disney movie in the fall.


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Velocity: The Seattle Area Cycling Blog
Velocity reports on the Seattle cycling scene including local cycling clubs, teams, events and personalities; and seasonal cross-training alternatives to cycling.
Monthly Archive for March, 2011
Ragsdale to Speak about Ultra Cycling and RAO 2011
This Saturday April 4 @ 4PM Seattle ultra cyclist Chris Ragsdale will be giving a talk about his ultra racing experiences both as a solo rider and as part of a team. He'll also be talking about the 2011 Race Across Oregon (aka "RAO") and will discuss the idea of putting together one or more […] [Read More]
Opening Weekend
Although the weekends of February 27 (for recreational cyclists, the Chilly Hilly 2011) and March 2 (for racers, the Icebreaker Time Trial) are probably the closest to the "official" opening weekends for Seattle-area cyclists, this Saturday March 12 felt like opening day for me. This was my first "real" day on the bike for 2011. […] [Read More]


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Running back Devonte Booker, a junior transfer from American River College, led the White squad by running for a game-high 103 yards and two touchdowns on 19 carries. The White also had the top receiver in the game as rising sophomore Dominique Hatfield, who had four grabs for 93 yards and a touchdown.
The Red offense was led by running back Bubba Poole, who carried the ball six times for 19 yards and had two catches for 82 yards. Troy McCormick had a team-high eight carries for 34 yards and a touchdown.
Wilson, a starter in 16 games his first two seasons, connected on 7-of-12 passes for 116 yards and a touchdown while playing in the first five series. Cleared for only non-contact drills this spring following a head injury late last season, Wilson was the only quarterback who was not "live" in the scrimmage.
Cox completed 5-of-9 passes for 126 yards and ran for a touchdown; however, he also threw both interceptions in the game.
"We had a lot of guys making plays," said Ute head coach Kyle Whittingham. A few too many times we had balls on the ground, and we've got to clean that up. But it was good to see Dominique Hatfield and some other guys make some plays.
"Each of the quarterbacks did some good things." Whittingham continued. "I thought it was a real positive to have all of them other than Travis "live" because it gave us a chance to see them extend plays and make plays when things broke down. I thought the defense did a good job of flying around. There wasn't a lot they did from a schematic standpoint, but I thought they played hard."
The offenses, under first-year coordinator Dave Christensen, rolled up 735 combined yards on 117 plays in a back-and-forth affair. Those numbers were a bit skewed by the fact that 80 percent of the projected starters on defense and 30 percent of the projected starters on offense were held out of the scrimmage. However, Whittingham was pleased with the pace of both offenses, which has been an emphasis in spring ball.
"The last week or so the pace has been closer to where we envisioned it, but it's still a little off of where we want it to be," Whittingham pointed out. "We'll get back after it and try to get that pace even quicker early in fall camp, but we're starting to get a feel now of where it needs to be."
The White team opened up the scoring on its first possession as Adam Schulz hit Hatfield down the middle for 46-yard touchdown. Schulz connected on 9-of-13 throws for 110 yards.
"Hatfield and some of the running backs were able to get some of those chunk-yardage plays that you need to have to be successful," Whittingham said. "You can't just keep grinding it out for 12 to 14 plays. That was good to see."
The Red offense was slow to start with just 46 yards on its first three drives, but got on the scoreboard following a Schulz fumble that was recovered by Daniel Nielson at its own 48 yard line. Eight plays, later McCormick had a three-yard run up the middle to tie the game at 7-7 with 8:00 left in the second quarter.
The White team jumped back in front 14-7, as Dre'Vian Young had a 16-yard run to the Red 19 that set up a 10-yard run by Booker off right tackle.
"We've been high on Devonte Booker ever since he got here," Whittingham said. "He didn't get here more than a week or two before the start of spring ball, so he was fighting his lack of conditioning all spring. But as soon as he gets himself in great shape, I think he'll be a very good running back in this conference. All of the running backs ran hard today. A strong running game is where everything begins, even if you are a spread team."
Wilson led the Red team on the first of its back-to-back scores by swinging a pass out on the right flat to Brian Allen, who went 56 yards for a touchdown.
With the game tied 14-all, Cox then scrambled and dumped off a pass to Poole down left side. Poole broke a tackle at midfield and went 71 yards before he was brought down inside the White 10 yard line. Cox capped off the drive with a five-yard run on a zone read to put the Red in front 21-14 with 3:49 to play in the second quarter.
Conner Manning then came in at quarterback for the White team and ripped a pass down the middle to tight end Westlee Tonga for a 10-yard score. That tied the game 21-21 with 1:13 remaining before halftime. Manning was 9-for-12 passing for 86 yards.
On the opening drive of the third quarter, kicker Andy Phillips missed the only field goal attempt of the game from 54 yards away. He had made a 59-yarder in the second scrimmage of the spring last week.
Jason Thompson, a transfer quarterback from Wyoming who will have to sit out this season, got the first score of the second half on a one-yard keeper to give the Red squad a 28-21 lead with 1:24 to play in the third quarter.
Late in the fourth quarter, The White sqaud drove down to the Red one-yard line, where Booker scored over the right side on fourth-and-goal to bring his team within one. Going for the win on the two-point conversion, Young was stopped after catching a pass the right flat, preserving the Red team's 28-27 victory.
The Utes avoided any major injuries in the scrimmage after losing linebackers Gionni Paul and Jacoby Hale earlier in the spring.
"We hope to get Gionni back by the first game and Jacoby back by the first Pac-12 game if everything with his rehabilitation goes well," Whittingham said. "But, if there was a silver lining to those injuries, it forced us to move Marcus Saunders-Williams over from running back to linebacker, and that appears to be going very well."
Sharrieff Shah Jr. led the White team with 11 tackles. Sal Velasquez and Filipo Mokofisi both had interception returns of 50-plus yards.
Alex Whittingham had 12 tackles and Tanner Larsen chipped in 10 to pace the Red squad. Pita Taumoepenu had two tackles for loss for 18 yards.
Utah opens its 2014 season on Thursday, Aug. 28 against Idaho State at Rice-Eccles Stadium.