text: What I have done is ftp the bsd.rd image from the 2.5 or snapshots directory and put it into the root directory of the hard drive. Then when the boot loader comes up I manually give it the kernel name and vola! It's just like I booted off the CD for an install, and can choose Upgrade or Install or whatever. If you have ftp access to the snapshots you are set. boot> boot hd0a:/bsd.rd I don't recall right off if trying to load a 2.5 kernel with a 2.4 bootloader works for every condition, but I've done it lots of times to see if a late snapshot will recognize some hardware the CD didn't. If it doesn't work, and locks up the machine while loading, a simple reboot puts you back in business. Good Luck, J.D. Carlson, Network Manager, Univ. of Colorado Health Sciences Ctr. On Mon, 20 Sep 1999, Jonathan Rozes wrote: > Hi, > > I have a box running 2.4. I'd like to do a fresh install of 2.5, but I > can't because the install floppy kernel doesn't have the isp driver. My > box has a single qla1040 and a single seagate cheetah, no ide stuff. > > Surely I'm being dense and just can't think of some obvious way to get > 2.5 onto my system without a working boot floppy? > > If the answer is that I need to somehow create a custom 2.5 installer, > can I do it from my 2.4 system or do I need to start offering bribes on > this list? > > Thanks! > jonathan > > +++ Jonathan Rozes, System Administrator, Will Vinton Studios > > > >


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OAC Debuts New FREE Your Weight Matters Campaign Poster for Healthcare Professionals
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The OAC is excited to debut a brand new FREE resource for healthcare professionals – the Your Weight Matters Campaign Poster. The poster poses the question of "Is your weight impacting your health?" to patients, features a body mass index (BMI) chart and most importantly encourages individuals to take the Your Weight...
OAC Joins Forces with the YMCA of Central Florida to Tackle the Obesity Epidemic
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Tampa, Fla. – Today, the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC) and the YMCA of Central Florida are proud to announce an exciting new partnership aimed at educating the public about obesity, health and wellness and much more. With synergistic missions focused on overall health, the partnership is a proactive step forward...
OAC Releases Spanish Version of the Your Weight Matters Campaign Toolkit
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Tampa, Fla. – Today, the OAC announced the release of its Spanish version of the highly-successful Your Weight Matters Campaign toolkit. "With more than 42 percent of the U.S. Hispanic population impacted by the disease of obesity, we felt it was imperative to offer the Campaign and its contents to this population,"...
Joe Nadglowski, President and CEO, Featured on Civic Summit
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Joe Nadglowski, OAC President and CEO, was featured as a guest panelist on television program Civic Summit discussing obesity, weight-loss, weight stigma and more. To view the video segment, click here.
YWM2014 Details Released!
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OAC Releases Pricing Information, Registration Date Opening and Theme for the 2014 Your Weight Matters National Convention Tampa, Fla. – Today, the OAC released new and exciting information on its 3rd Annual National Convention, including registration pricing details, the official opening date of registration, this year's Convention theme and much more! This year's Convention,...
Winter YWMM Now Online!
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The Winter 2014 issue of Your Weight Matters Magazine is now online! Check out the latest issue of the OAC's quarterly publication by clicking here.
OAC Releases Your Weight Matters Campaign Video PSA
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Obesity Action Coalition Releases Your Weight Matters Campaign Video PSA Encouraging All Americans to Take Charge of Their Weight and Health Tampa, Fla. – It is estimated that more than 200 million Americans are affected by excess weight or obesity. The disease of obesity is often related to many other diseases and...
OAC Announces New FREE Online Educational Resource
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Tampa, Fla. – On the heels of an unbelievably successful National Convention, the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC) is excited to announce the launch of a brand new FREE web-based educational program, "OAC's Educational Webinar Series: Because Your Weight Matters – For Your Health." To view the full news release, click here.
YWM 2013 Offers Americans Evidence-based Strategies to Improve Weight and Health
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Tampa, Fla. – The road to weight-loss and weight management is often paved with confusing and misleading messaging, which makes improving health quite challenging. More than 93 million Americans face this challenge each and every day, but the nation's leading weight and health charity, the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC), is...
May 2013 – News from the OAC
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Advocacy in Action on Capitol Hill An important focus of the OAC is to support our members and others affected by obesity. With changes to healthcare on the horizon, OAC President and CEO Joe Nadglowski is working tirelessly to encourage legislation that includes coverage for medically-managed weight-loss options. Joined...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
New Hydroswage Systems & Tooling Catalog
Product Announcement from Haskel International LLC
The Proven Technology for Hydraulic Expansion of Tubes HydroSwage® products are designed & manufactured for use in a wide variety of markets including: Power Generation, Petrochemical, Paper Mills, Pharmaceuticals, Heat & Air conditioning, Sanitary Units, Package & Stationary Boilers & Hydroforming.
In 1970 Haskel introduced its first system for the high pressure hydraulic expansion of tubes. Using pressures in excess of 100,000 psi, this system is used for expanding aircraft tubing into sleeves. In 1975 the first system was developed for the hydraulic swaging of tubes for nuclear steam generators. 1980 Began with a series of major technical breakthroughs which gave rise to the first successful commercial method for hydraulically expanding tubes, the HydroSwage® system.
In 2010 Haskel announces the newest member of the HydroSwage® product line, the Mark V System, with updated electronics, touch screen and PLC, for system control and monitoring in a single portable unit.A continuous investment in the most modern machinery and technology ensures that Haskel remains a leader in hydraulic tube expansion.
You can access in depth details about the benefits the technology and options on our website.
|Get More Info on Supplier's Site
|Request A Quote
|Email Supplier


text:
Nowadays, there are a lot of products out there marketed as faster, easier, and longer-lasting alternatives to nail polish. Three that I see advertised often are by Kiss, Sally Hansen, and imPRESS. I don't know about the rest of you, Lovelies, but it's a lengthy process for me when it comes to painting my nails. I wondered if these products were too good to be true, and if maybe there was a "miracle" product out there to save time…
These ponderings led me to decide to buy one of each advertised products, try them out, and review them to weed out the good and the bad so my readers wouldn't have to. Read on to see my experience with nail polish strips and press-on nails.
Kiss Nail Dress Strips in "Princess"
Bought at Wal-Mart for $5.97. Seems like the strips don't want to stay air-tight on longer nails, so I suggest trimming your nails short before applying. Other than that, the application was easy. Took a while, but not as long as it does to apply a base coat, color, and a top coat of actual polish, with drying time. The package boasts 10-day wear, with easy application and removal.
My nails did start to chip after the first couple days, but it wasn't very noticeable. It was easily remedied by trimming down my nails to a point where they weren't chipped anymore. After a week's wear (4 days at work) the nails had finally chipped off enough that I had to remove the strips. It was a bit of a painful process, and there was glue residue left on my nails as well as I pulled layers of my nails off, leaving them rough. I got a week's wear out of them, but there was a lot of chipping. You can, counter-act the chipping by trimming down your nails some, and applying a clear top coat on top. On day 4, I did have one strip pop off, but since the set has a lot of extras, it was easy to replace. Maybe they would hold up better for someone who doesn't do so much hands-on work. In the end, I would recommend these nail strips, though because for the most part they did hold up, and I got too many compliments to count on the leopard design. It's been almost 2 weeks and my toes still look perfect.
Sally Hansen Salon Effects Nail Polish Strips in "Fly With Me"
Bought at Walmart for $8.50 … Cute butterfly design. Boasts 10 day wear.
It was very frustrating applying the strips. You can't use the end of the strip that you peel off because it rips or bends, and it was hard to line them up because the strips are flimsy. Since they are made out of real nail polish, they have an unpleasant chemical scent. So far, not liking this product.
After one day at work, 9 ot of 10 nails had huge chips. They looked so bad I had to take them off. Removal was pretty easy. Even though I did get some compliments on the butterflies, I wouldn't recommend this product to anyone. My friend, Ashley, backed me up and said she had the same experience with the zebra-print ones.
imPRESS Press-On Manicure in "Shout"
Bought at Wal-Mart for $6.97. The advertised wear-time is a week. Took a while to apply – it was very hard to find the right sizes. I had to trim down all my nails to practically nothing to get the strips to fit. I'm not used to fake nails, so they felt weird on my fingers. And they're square-cut instead of rounded, like I prefer. So far, I'm thinking the Kiss Nail Dress strips are my favorite out of all 3.
After one day at work… Nix that, after just one hour at work 5 out of 10 nails popped off. One came off before I even got to work. Apparently washing my hands and brushing my teeth was just too much for it. As I told my coworker friend, Patty, "Obviously these weren't made for people who actually have to work." The removal for the rest of the nails took longer than the package says. They suggest soaking each nail in polish remover for a minute, but I had to soak each nail for 3 minutes, and the removal was still painful. Needless to say, I will never buy these again. If you're someone who uses fake nails regularly, then I advise sticking to the regular glue-on nails. Don't waste your time with these failures.
* * *
The obvious winner of all 3 products was the Kiss Nail Dress strips.
Even though removal is a little rough on your nails, I fixed the rough patches by buffing my nails. The wear-time and cute designs definitely out-weigh the cons. Also surprising is that the Kiss strips were the cheapest of all tested products! I recently bought another pack, and I'm trying out the "Bustier" design next.
Well, Lovelies, I hope this review of the alternatives to actual nail polish helps you out when making future purchases. If you've tried any of the products above, I'd love to hear about your experience. Just leave a comment.


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I have a "database" of useful reference cards. I'm sharing them with you. They're organized in a hierarchy as designated in the title; so this particular card is in the broad category of "Social" (which is more of a psychology/sociology category), the minor category of "MBTI", and this specific card is "General" information about the MBTI.
This MBTI set is probably my most useful stack o' cards at the moment. For the unfamiliar, the MBTI is a personality test that consists of four "dichotomies"; four different "traits" in which you're either x or y. Introverted or Extroverted, Intuitive or Sensing, that kinda thing. Part of my obsession is fun; I like to look at people and say "I think they're type "XXXX." Part of it is understanding: for example, realizing that Extroverts are actually drained by being alone for too long (similar to how I, an Introvert, feel when social for too long), rather than just bored, was a nice kick to the world view. There's also an opportunity there for self improvement, as it allows me to say "Hey, this extroverted trait seems valuable. I should try and develop it."
These specific points are the general reference items that are good to check every once in a while. The first few are moral checks: Be honest, don't judge, yada yada. The latter few relate to the nomenclature of the MBTI, since a lot of reading on the subject use the more advanced terms willy nilly.


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How did Keith Moon play?
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Anthony Amodeo
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Re: How did Keith Moon play?
I never saw Keith play ...but have studied him extensively .... (extensively may actually be an understatement) .....and have interviewed family members, band mates, and friends of his for a 3 year long project I constructed in college that never truly was finished completely ....nor was college actually :)
and what I came up with is that Keith was not a drummer at all....he was a true force of nature that just happened to have a drum kit in front of him on occasion.....a comet.....one never meant to age and become old
outside of the Who he did not care to even see a drum kit ....much more concerned with fame and running with the whos who crowd, raising hell and buying pointless items like hover crafts and exotic cars that he could not drive
I believe the accidental killing of his friend Neil Boland changed Keith forever and escalated the already evident downward spiral
he had a few instructors as a child but did not care much for lessons ....and once attempted a lesson with Philly Joe Jones ....which is a quite funny story for another day
Pete describes Keith as a one man orchestra ....and if you watch videos and listen you can hear how he does approach some situations as a timpani player would with impeccable dynamics ...
he also followed the vocal and the guitar more than the Ox pretty much always
Keith almost never played a tune the same way twice ....and I may feel safe even saying he never did.....
as you probably know he gave up on having a hi hat pretty early in his career but it was suggested by Glynn Johns while trying to harness some of Keiths insanity for some of Petes tunes that required synth and sequencers when producing some records that he return to the hi hat....which he did briefly
Glyn did manage to get some solid takes out of Keith ...but to me they don't sound very Moon like and are definitely not how he would have expressed himself
for someone with very poor technique Keith had amazingly fast hands.
live he was pretty much off the hook and to him it was the Keith Moon show not the Who.....
Keith would often latch on to certain people he met and take them on a 6 month to a year journey that they would never forget.
in a recent Eagles documentary Joe Walsh says.....one of the worst things that has ever happened to me in my life was Keith Moon taking a liking to me..
pretty funny
I love anything and everything Keith and am pretty much an encyclopedia of Moon.
I am just fascinated by it all and spent years studying his life and tracking down everyone I could who knew him to talk to them
I got very much enjoyment out of every minute of it and am very glad I did it
I plan to write a book one day .....just way too busy right now
a personal favorite representation of his playing is Live At Leeds....and their performance at the Rolling Stones Rock n Roll Circus TV program which the Stones never allowed to be released until the 90s because the Who blew them out of the water
Last edited by Anthony Amodeo; 02-25-2013 at
Anthony Amodeo


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- Summer Life in Whitley County
AKRON — Whitko and Lakeland fought off the weather and traveled to Tippecanoe Valley High School for the first round of the class 3A baseball sectional Friday night.
The Wildcats played a perfect game with no errors, taking the Lakers out of the post-season with a 7-2 win.
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Year of publication
- Kollisionen schwerer Ionen (8)
- Quark-Gluon-Plasma (4)
- equation of state (3)
- heavy ion collisions (3)
- heavy-ion collisions (3)
- Energie (2)
- Hadron (2)
- Kollisionen schwerer Ionen (2)
- Quark Gluon Plasma (2)
- Suppression of dilepton production at finite baryon density (1993)
- We study dilepton production from a quark-gluon plasma of given energy density at finite quark chemical potential μ and find that the dilepton production rate is a strongly decreasing function of μ. Therefore, the signal to background ratio of dileptons from a plasma created in a heavy-ion collision may decrease significantly.
- Thermal photons as a measure for the rapidity dependence of the temperature (1995)
- The rapidity distribution of thermal photons produced in Pb+Pb collisions at CERN-SPS energies is calculated within scaling and three- fluid hydrodynamics. It is shown that these scenarios lead to very different rapidity spectra. A measurement of the rapidity dependence of photon radiation can give cleaner insight into the reaction dynamics than pion spectra, especially into the rapidity dependence of the temperature.
- Hypermatter : properties and formation in relativistic nuclear collisions (1995)
- The extension of the Periodic System into hitherto unexplored domains - anti- matter and hypermatter - is discussed. Starting from an analysis of hyperon and single hypernuclear properties we investigate the structure of multi-hyperon objects (MEMOs) using an extended relativistic meson field theory. These are contrasted with multi-strange quark states (strangelets). Their production mechanism is stud- ied for relativistic collisions of heavy ions from present day experiments at AGS and SPS to future opportunities at RHIC and LHC. It is pointed out that abso- lutely stable hypermatter is unlikely to be produced in heavy ion collisions. New attention should be focused on short lived metastable hyperclusters ( / 10 10s) and on intensity interferometry of multi-strange-baryon correlations.
- Nucleus-nucleus collisions at highest energies (1996)
- The microscopic phasespace approach URQMD is used to investigate the stopping power and particle production in heavy systems at SPS and RHIC energies. We find no gap in the baryon rapidity distribution even at RHIC. For CERN energies URQMD shows a pile up of baryons and a supression of multi-nucleon clusters at midrapidity.
- Microscopic calculations of stopping and flow from 160AMeV to 160AGeV (1996)
- The behavior of hadronic matter at high baryon densities is studied within Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (URQMD). Baryonic stopping is observed for Au+Au collisions from SIS up to SPS energies. The excitation function of flow shows strong sensitivities to the underlying equation of state (EOS), allowing for systematic studies of the EOS. Effects of a density dependent pole of the rho-meson propagator on dilepton spectra are studied for different systems and centralities at CERN energies.
- Extracting the equation of state from a microscopic non-equilibrium model (1996)
- We study the thermodynamic properties of infinite nuclear matter with the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (URQMD), a semiclassical transport model, running in a box with periodic boundary conditions. It appears that the energy density rises faster than T4 at high temperatures of T approx. 200 - 300 MeV. This indicates an increase in the number of degrees of freedom. Moreover, We have calculated direct photon production in Pb+Pb collisions at 160 GeV/u within this model. The direct photon slope from the microscopic calculation equals that from a hydrodynamical calculation without a phase transition in the equation of state of the photon source.
- Signatures of dense hadronic matter in ultrarelativistic heavy ion reactions (1996)
- The behavior of hadronic matter at high baryon densities is studied within Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (URQMD). Baryonic stopping is observed for Au+Au collisions from SIS up to SPS energies. The excitation function of flow shows strong sensitivities to the underlying equation of state (EOS), allowing for systematic studies of the EOS. Dilepton spectra are calculated with and without shifting the rho pole. Except for S+Au collisions our calculations reproduce the CERES data.
- Nonequilibrium fluid-dynamics in the early stage of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions (1997)
- To describe ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions we construct a three-fluid hydrodynamical model. In contrast to one-fluid hydrodynamics, it accounts for the finite stopping power of nuclear matter, i.e. for nonequilibrium e ects in the early stage of the reaction. Within this model, we study baryon dynamics in the BNL-AGS energy range. For the system Au+Au we find that kinetic equilibrium between projectile and target nucleons is established only after a time teq CM H 5 fm/c C 2RAu/³CM. Observables which are sensitive to the early stage of the collision (like e.g. nucleon flow) therefore di er considerably from those calculated in the one-fluid model.
- "Soft'' transverse expansion and flow in a multi-fluid model without phase transition (1997)
- Abstract: We study transverse expansion and directed flow in Au(11AGeV)Au reactions within a multi-fluid dynamical model. Although we do not employ an equation of state (EoS) with a first order phase transition, we find a slow increase of the transverse velocities of the nucleons with time. A similar behaviour can be observed for the directed nucleon flow. This is due to non-equilibrium e ects which also lead to less and slower conversion of longitudinal into transverse momentum. We also show that the proton rapidity distribution at CERN energies, as calculated within this model, agrees well with the preliminary NA44-data.
- Probes for the early reaction dynamics of heavy ion collisions at AGS and SPS (1997)
- We discuss the early evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions within a multi- fluid dynamical model. In particular, we show that due to the finite mean-free path of the particles compression shock waves are smeared out considerably as compared to the one-fluid limit. Also, the maximal energy density of the baryons is much lower. We discuss the time scale of kinetic equilibration of the baryons in the central region and its relevance for directed flow. Finally, thermal emission of direct photons from the fluid of produced particles is calculated within the three-fluid model and two other simple expansion models. It is shown that the transverse momentum and rapidity spectra of photons give clue to the cooling law and the early rapidity distribution of the photon source.


text:
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easy to go out. stuff is nice. Room was good. Thanks.
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easy to go out. stuff is nice. Room was good. Thanks.
Everything was pretty good, and I even got to flirt a little with one of the women who works at the...
See full review
Everything was pretty good, and I even got to flirt a little with one of the women who works at the...
Party like a star with the hottest clubs and concert halls circling this hotel at the heart of Vancouver's entertainment district. Granville is where the action is with Vancouver's best bars, clubs, and concert venues lining the street. And the Ramada Vancouver Downtown is at the center of it all. The Roxy, the favorite nightclub of visiting NFL stars, music legends, and celebrities, is steps from the hotel. The Commodore Ballroom, famous for its long history of showcasing the hottest musical talent, is just minutes away.
Days are exciting with trendy Robson Street so close by, hip Yaletown within walking distance, and BC Place Stadium a short taxi or bus ride away. Restaurants abound for the hungry. From Granville Street to Robson Street, there's something for every taste.
Guest rooms at Ramada Vancouver Downtown are decorated in an Art-Deco style, and offer all the modern amenities a traveler could want. Choose from rooms perfect for the single traveler to deluxe suites with kitchen units, perfect for a family's extended stay. All rooms have high-quality linens, pillow top mattresses, large LCD HD televisions, air conditioning, and free wireless high speed Internet.
Guests can do it all from the inviting, centrally located Ramada Vancouver Downtown. The city's incredible nightlife is right at the door. Robson Street's famous boutiques are mere blocks away. Theatre Row, home to the Vogue and Queen Elizabeth Theaters, is easily accessible. Sports fans are never far from a game with BC Place Stadium and General Motors Place nearby. And for quieter entertainment, the picturesque sea wall, Stanley Park, and the Granville Island Market can be reached via Vancouver's excellent public transit system.
Customers who viewed Ramada Vancouver Downtown also booked these hotels.
Rates quoted in currencies other than the hotel's base currency are subject to the rate of the international exchange. Rate may change throughout stay. Rate may reflect average nightly rate. Extra charges may apply. Incidental charges, such as room service, are not included in the rate.
The amenities and/or facilities may not be located at the hotel, but within a reasonable distance, and additional charges may apply for use.
Overall score
would recommend to a friend.
Reviewer score
Would recommend
Good stuff
Everything was pretty good, and I even got to flirt a little with one of the women who works at the front desk. Nice bonus. Tim-o-tee.
Would not recommend
Business trip
Room was clean and staff are nice but it is NOT a good location for someone on a business trip. There is a nightclub right next door and it plays very loud music until 3 am on Fridays and Saturdays, I couldn't sleep hardly at all.
business trip
Clean room and nice desk staff but do not stay here on Friday or Saturday night if you want to sleep. They share a wall with a nightclub and it is very loud until 3am. Walls actually vibrate from loud bass.
Birthday Trip
The hotel provided us exactly with what we needed. It was in a great location in relation to a bunch of different bars, restaurants and other activities. The room was pretty small, but we did not need it for anything else than sleeping in. There
is a club right below the hotel so be aware that this might create excess noise, not a problem for us but could be an issue for others. Overall great place, would definitely stay here again.
Walking distance to the convention, great evening atmosphere along Granville Street. Shopping close by, Restaurant in hotel, others close by.. Hotel staff friendly and helpful.
Vancouver vacation
Very friendly staff. Hotel room was always cleaned up after we came back.
Great location
The two double bed room was a little small but about average for a large city. The good part was that the bathroom was very large and could be used for storage. The staff helped a lot with directions. The resturant next door gave us a discount.
The breakfast prices were great with the 15% off coupon given at check-in.
Spontaneous Vancouver Getaway
Room was a little small but we had a great time and were not bothered which was exactly what we wanted! The front desk helped us with directions and parking!
good location
easy to go out. stuff is nice. Room was good. Thanks.
Staff were friendly, room was very very comfortable. Just a little challenge being down especially being my first time in that city. Overall everything was excellent.
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text:
An iontophoretic delivery system permits transcutaneous delivery of a drug contained on a patch. The system includes a flexible planar patch having a medicament-containing surface in contact with the skin of a patient. A controller supplies electrical current to the patch to effect iontophoretic delivery. Convenient removable attachment of the controller to the patch is provided so as to permit periodic drug administration.
1. In combination:
a medicament-containing disposable patch removably positionable on the skin of a patient for permitting iontophoretic delivery of medicament transcutaneously; and
a controller including electronic components for electrically controlling said medicament delivery;
the patch including a flexible planar patch body having a medicament-containing first surface, an opposed second surface and an extending planar tab for insertable electrical accommodation in said controller, said first surface of said planar patch body being supportable on the skin of said patient;
said opposed second surface of said patch body and said controller including co-operative removable fastening means for removably fastening said controller to said patch and for maintaining said controller in a fastened condition with respect to said patch with said tab electrically accommodated in said controller.
2. A combination of claim 1 wherein said controller includes a controller housing supporting said electronic components therein and wherein said housing includes a housing opening for receipt of said patch body tab.
3. A combination of claim 2 wherein said patch body includes a pair of spaced apart electrodes one of said electrodes being positioned for contact with said medicament on said first surface and the other electrode positioned for contact with the skin of the patient and wherein said tab includes electrical connection pads in electrical engagement with said electrodes.
4. A combination of claim 3 wherein said electronic components supported in said controller housing include electrical connection elements supported adjacent said housing opening and engagable with said electrical connection pads for establishing electrical connection between said electronic components of said controller and said electrodes of said patch body.
5. A combination of claim 2 wherein said controller housing includes a first housing surface and an opposed second housing surface and wherein upon insertion of said tab into said housing, said first housing surface is generally aligned with the second surface of planar patch body.
6. A combination of claim 5 wherein said co-operative removable fastening means includes a first fastening element supported on said first surface of said housing and a second fastening element supported on said second surface of said planar body;
said first and second fastening elements being securable to each other upon placement of said first housing surface in contact with said second surface of said planar patch body.
7. A combination of claim 6 wherein each said tab and said housing include co-operating locking means for removably securing said tab in said housing opening.
8. A combination of claim 6 wherein said housing includes a housing post extending adjacent said housing opening and wherein said tab includes a tab opening for insertably accommodating said post therein upon insertion of tab in said housing.
9. A combination of claim 8 wherein said housing includes a movable cover, said cover being movable between an open position exposing said post for removable accommodation of said tab, and a closed position preventing removal of said tab from said post.
10. A combination of claim 9 further including means activatable upon movement of the cover from said open position to said closed position for securing said tab over said post.
11. A combination of claim 9 wherein said activatable means include a roller for movement over said tab supported over said post.
The present invention relates generally to an iontophoresis device for transcutaneous drug delivery. More particularly, the present invention relates to an iontophoretic assembly, including a drug-containing patch attachable to the skin and a controller which is connectable to the patch.
Iontophoresis has come into increasing attention as an effective method for the application of drugs through the skin.
In practice, the process of iontophoretic drug delivery is typically achieved by placing an ionic drug either in solution or in gel form on a carrier and placing the drug-containing carrier into contact with the skin. A pair of electrodes is placed in contact with the skin and with the carrier. Direct current is applied between the two electrodes. Under the influence of the electric field present, drug molecules migrate through the skin. As current flows between the two electrodes placed at spaced apart locations on the skin, the current path carries the drug with it.
Delivery of a drug to the patient iontophoretically may be accomplished either at a constant rate over a long period of time, or periodically at various intervals and in some situations, upon demand. As can be seen, it may be necessary for the drug-containing carrier to be maintained in contact with the patient's skin over a long period of time, either for continuous drug delivery, or to permit frequent interval delivery over a period of time.
The iontophoretic delivery system may include a drug-containing carrier such as an adhesive patch and a controller having a source of electrical power and which is connectable to the patch for providing the necessary electrical current to deliver the drug. While effective devices are available for both providing a drug-containing patch for disposition on the skin of a patient and an electrical power source for applying iontophoretic effecting currents, oftentimes these devices remain connected to the patient even when iontophoretic delivery is not being effected.
In order to deliver a drug to the patch, the patch may be adhesively applied to the patient and the controller is attached to the patch. Oftentimes the controller is as large as, or larger than, the patch. It also should be somehow secured in place on the patient so that the patient may remain mobile and carry both the patch and controller with him as he moves about.
One of the problems with a transdermal drug delivery device such as described above, especially one that is compact and portable to provide patient mobility, is how to attach the controller to the patient and yet be as unobtrusive as possible and comfortable for the patient. A side-by-side arrangement of patch and controller may occupy too much space on the patient's skin and limit the choices where the transdermal device may be attached to the patient. Also, the controller may then have to be fastened to the patient's skin by adhesive or a strap, for example, which may be uncomfortable to the user.
Also, it is envisioned that the controller, which may contain sophisticated electronics besides just a power source to control and monitor the delivery of drug to the patient, is repeatedly used while the patch is discarded after use and replaced with new patches. The replaceable patches and controller should be so structured as to make it easy and convenient for the patient to replace used patches with new patches on the controller.
In situations where the periodic delivery of the drug is indicated, there is no need to maintain the source of electric current connected to the patch between doses. While the unobtrusive drug-containing patch may remain with the patient, removability of the current source would permit the patient to be free from cumbersome connection to the current source between doses. At such time as iontophoretic delivery of the drug is necessitated, the drug-containing patch attached to the patient's skin may be reconnected to the current source. However, to assure that the drug is administered properly, connections between current source and the patch must be reliably maintained.
It is therefore desirable to provide an interconnection assembly which permits the reliable interconnection between a drug-containing patch, positionable on the skin of a patient, and a source of electrical current for permitting iontophoretic delivery of the drug.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved iontophoretic drug delivery system for attachment to the skin of a patient for delivering a drug transcutaneously.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved iontophoretic drug delivery system where the system includes a medicament-containing patch positionable on the skin of the patient and an electronic controller for controlling the iontophoretic delivery of the medicament through the skin.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a iontophoretic drug delivery system where the controller may be easily removably attached to the medicament-containing patch.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a drug delivery device which occupies minimal skin area on the patient and which is not cumbersome to the patient.
In the efficient attainment of these and other objects, the present invention provides a medicament containing disposable patch removably positionable on the skin of a patient in combination with a controller for electrically controlling the medicament delivery. A flexible planar patch body includes a medicament-containing first surface, an opposed second surface and an extending planar tab for insertable accommodation within the controller. The first surface of the planar patch body is supportable on the skin of the patient. The opposed second surface of the patch body is removably attached to the controller so as to secure the controller to the patch with the tab of the patch inserted into the controller.
As more particularly described by way of the preferred embodiment herein, the tab of the patch body may include an opening therethrough. The housing may include a post which receives the tab opening to secure the tab within the controller housing.
The tab of the patch is received in a slot formed in a sidewall of the controller housing. The flexible patch is then bent about its tab and secured to the top surface of the controller by Velcro mating hook and loop fasteners respectively mounted on the top surfaces of the controller housing and patch. In this way, the controller may be conveniently mounted on top of the patch, as the patch rests against the patient's skin. The bottom of the patch containing the drug to be delivered is exposed and may be adhesively secured to the patient's skin.
The controller housing may include electronics for providing a source of electrical current and the patch may include a pair of spaced electrodes electrically connected to the current source to permit iontophoretic delivery of the medicament contained thereon.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the combination of the patch and controller of the present invention in a disconnected condition.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the patch and controller combination of the present invention shown in a connected condition.
FIG. 3, the top plan view of a portion of the patch and the controller combination of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional showing of the patch and controller combination of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-section of the combination of FIG. 4 taken through the lines 5--5 thereof.
FIG. 6 is a perspective showing of the connected patch and controller of the present invention supported on the skin of a patient.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, an iontophoretic patch and controller assembly 10 of the present invention is shown. Assembly 10 includes a patch 12 and a controller 14. Patch 12 is a generally planar flexible member formed of biocompatible material. Patch 12 may be formed of woven or non-woven textiles or polymers or may be any other construction well-known in the art. Patch 12 is adhesively supported on the skin 16 of the patient (FIG. 6). Patch 12 includes an enlarged patch body 18 and an extending narrow tab 20. Patch body 18 includes opposed planar surfaces 22 and 24. Planar surface 24 is disposed for skin contact and includes a drug reservoir 26 which contains an ionic drug typically in a gel form. While reservoir 26 is shown, any other technique known to place a drug in contact with the skin by use of a patch may also be employed. Skin contacting surface 24 further includes a pair of spaced apart electrodes 28 and 30. Each of electrodes 28 and 30 is positioned to be in contact with the skin upon placement of the patch 12 thereon. The positioning of electrodes 28 and 30 is such that an electrical current path is established between electrodes 28 and 30 through the skin of the patient. Electrode 28 is also placed in conductive contact with reservoir 26 in a manner well-known in the iontophoretic delivery art. A direct current source may be connected between the electrodes 28 and 30 such that electrode 28 in contact with reservoir 26 assumes the same charge as the ionized drug contained therein. Under the influence of electrical current passing from electrode 28 to electrode 30 through the skin, the drug contained in reservoir 26 is transcutaneously delivered.
As further shown in FIG. 3, electrical current is supplied to electrodes 28 and 30 via electrical traces 32 and 34. Each of traces 32 and 34 may be one or more conductive paths extending from electrodes 28 and 30 to exposed conductive pads 36 positioned adjacent a marginal edge 38 of tab 20. As will be described in further detail hereinbelow, pads 36 are positioned for electrical connection to the source of electrical current.
Referring additionally to FIG. 4, controller 14 houses electronic components 40 which supply the controlled application of electric current to electrodes 28 and 30. As is known in the art, electrical components 40 may include a source of electrical power such as a battery (not shown) and additional electronic components used to send a controlled electrical current to electrodes 28 and 30.
Controller 14 includes a controller housing 42 which is generally rectangular in shape and includes an open front end 44 or a slot formed in the front end which accommodates or at least partially receives tab 20 of patch 12. Housing 42 further accommodates a connection array 46 adjacent electronic components 40. Connection array 46 may include plural electrical terminals in electrical connection with electronic components 40 and which are connectable to pads 36 of tab 20. In the present illustrative embodiment, connection array 46 is an electrical connection device known as a "zebra strip" having plural spaced-apart, exposed conductive surfaces 46a separated by insulation. It may be appreciated that any suitable electrical interconnection device may be employed in accordance with the present invention.
Housing 42 further includes a cover 48 which is used to close open front end 44 of housing 42. Cover 48 is slidably, captively retained on an upper wall 43 of housing 42. As shown in FIG. 1, cover 48 may be manually moved under thumb actuation to an open position exposing connection array 46 for electrical connection with pads 36 of tab 20. Cover 48 may be moved to a closed position shown in FIG. 2, covering connection array 46. With cover 48 in an open position patch 12 may be connected to controller 14.
In order to assure accurate alignment of pads 36 of tab 20 with the connection array 46 supported within housing 42, tab 20 is keyed to housing 42. Tab 20 includes an opening 50 which is designed to fit over an upwardly extending post 52. Opening 50 and post 52 are of similar shape so as to provide keyed accommodation of tab 20 and post 52. Post 52 extends upwardly from a bottom wall 45 of housing 42 adjacent the open front end 44 thereof. Post 52 is centrally located adjacent connection array 46 so as to accommodate tab 20 and positionally confine tab 20 within housing 44. The key structure included on both opening 50 and post 52 prevents incorrect positioning of patch 12 with respect to controller 14. In the present embodiment, both opening 50 and post 52 have a generally L-shaped cross section; however, any other mating shape which would prevent incorrect connection may be employed.
In order to assure intimate electrical engagement between pads 36 of tab 20 and the connection array 46, cover 48 carries a captively retained pressure roller 54 thereon. As shown in FIG. 4, the roller 54 is movable upon closure of cover 48 over tab 20 and connection array 46 to force pads 36 onto the conductive portions of connection array 46 establishing good electrical connection therebetween. The engagement of roller 54 also serves to secure patch 12 in connection with controller 14.
Referring again to FIG. 2, patch 12 and controller 14 include attachment means so as to permit the releasable support of controller 14 on patch 12 after interconnection between pads 36 and connection array 46 is established. Surface 22, which is opposed to skin-engaging surface 24 of patch 12 and the upper surface of housing wall 43 include cooperating fastening elements 55 and 56 thereon. In the present illustrative embodiment shown herein, the cooperative fastening elements include conventional hook and loop fasteners of the type sold under the trademark VELCRO. One cooperating fastening element 55 is secured adhesively or otherwise to patch 12 on surface 22 while the other cooperating fastening member 56 is secured by adhesive or otherwise to the upper surface of wall 43 of housing 42. As will be described in further detail hereinbelow, attachment of the mating hook and loop fasteners 55 and 56 provides for removable support of controller 14 on patch 12.
Having described the components of the patch and controller assembly 10 of the present invention, its operation may now be described.
Patch 12 may be adhesively secured to the skin 16 of the patient. Surface 24 of patch 12 is placed in intimate contact with the skin 16 so that electrodes 28 and 30 as well as drug-containing reservoir 26 are supported in good intimate contact with the skin 16. In order to effect iontophoretic delivery of the drug from reservoir 26 transcutaneously through skin 16, controller 14 is connected to patch 12. Cover 48 is retracted rearwardly under thumb actuation opening front end 44 of controller 14. Housing 42 is slipped over extending tab 20 of patch 12 so that opening 50 in tab 20 is seated over upwardly extending post 52 of housing 42. Proper planar orientation is assured between patch 12 and controller 14 due to the keyed matability between opening 50 and post 52. Cover 48 is then slid forwardly, closing cover 48 over tab 20. The captively retained roller 54 is rolled over tab 20 forcing electrical pads 36 of tab 20 into intimate electrical engagement with the conductive elements of connection array 46. Also, closure of cover 48 prevents removal of patch 12 from controller 14 as cover 48 overlies post 52. As controller 14 is designed to be left in electrical connection with patch 12 during iontophoretic delivery of the drug contained in reservoir 16, controller 14 may be fastened to patch 12 so that it will be conveniently retained on the skin of the patient. As shown in FIG. 2, once patch 12 is connected to controller 14, the controller may be flipped up in the direction of arrow A so that the mating hook and loop fasteners 55 and 56 engage each other to removably fasten controller 14 to patch 12 as shown in FIG. 6. The controller 14 is comfortably retained atop the patch on the skin of the patient during iontophoretic drug delivery. At such time as a particular application of the drug is completed, the controller may be removed by separating the mating hook and loop fasteners 55 and 56. Cover 40 may then be retracted, exposing post 52 permitting removal of tab 20 from controller 14. The controller may be then placed aside until the next administration of the drug is needed. The patch 12 may remain on the skin of the patient, eliminating the need for frequent replacement of the patch.
The drug delivery device of the present invention is comfortable for the patient to wear and occupies very little space on the patient's skin. The flexibility of the patch and the flip-up design of the drug delivery device allows the controller to be secured to the unused top surface of the patch and to be directly positioned over the patch. Of course, the drug delivery device may still operate with the patch and controller interconnected and positioned side-by-side if the user so desires, such as with short-term treatments, for example.
The tab of the patch is secured in place to the controller when the lid is closed and properly aligned by the keyed post in the controller to ensure that the electrical connection between the patch and the controller is correct.
Various changes to the foregoing described and shown structures would now be evident to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the particularly disclosed scope of the invention is set forth in the following claims.
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Gas prices continue rise; S.C. prices lowest
Gasoline prices continued a typical springtime ascent last week, as the price for a gallon of regular gas in the Upstate rose to $3.14 and the national average rose to $3.48.
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text: "Blondy" came to Holy Cross and immediately established himself as a fine two sport athlete for the Crusaders. In 1926 as a member of the football team, Ryan tossed two touchdown passes to Hymie Shanahan against Harvard in a 19-14 HC victory. But it was in baseball where Ryan gained the most fame. He was the star shortstop on Crusader teams which won the Eastern Intercollegiate Championship in both 1929 and 1930. The team posted a remarkable 45-5-1 record in those years. After graduation he signed with the Chicago White Sox and hit a home run on his first time at bat at Commiskey Park. In 1933 he was the regular shortstop with the New York Giants, who won the World Series. Ryan was 9th in the National League in MVP voting that year. After his baseball career ended in 1938, he joined the Navy and served in World War II with Naval Intelligence. He passed away in 1959.


text:
Runetotem's Headguard of Triumph
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| This article or section is an item stub. You can help expand it by editing it.
Item boilerplate · Boilerplate help · Research: Wowhead WoWDB
- For the heroic version, see Runetotem's Headguard of Triumph (heroic).
- Runetotem's Headguard of Triumph
- Item Level 245
- Binds when picked up
- Leather
- Head
- 506 Armor
- +120 Agility
+136 Stamina
- Meta Socket
Yellow Socket
- Socket Bonus: +8 Agility
- Durability 70 / 70
- Classes: Druid
- Requires level 80
- Equip: Improves critical strike rating by 90
Equip: Increases your expertise rating by 74
Equip: Increases attack power by 149.
- Triumphant Runetotem's Battlegear (5 pieces)
- [Runetotem's Handgrips of Triumph]
[Runetotem's Headguard of Triumph]
[Runetotem's Legguards of Triumph]
[Runetotem's Raiments of Triumph]
[Runetotem's Shoulderpads of Triumph]
- (2) Set: Decreases the cooldown on your Growl ability by 2 sec, increases the periodic damage done by your Lacerate ability by 5%, and increases the duration of your Rake ability by 3 sec.
(4) Set: Reduces the cooldown on Barkskin by 12 sec and increases the critical strike chance of Rip and Ferocious Bite by 5%.
- Vendor 50 1
Runetotem's Headguard of Triumph is a part of the middle druid Tier 9.245.
Patches and hotfixes Edit
Patch 3.2.0 (04-Aug-2009): Added


text:
Zak's Furniture Delivers to Tennessee, Virginia, North Carolina and Surrounding Areas
The two large louvered doors of the utility cabinet offer great style to this functional function piece for anywhere in your home. The two adjustable shelves and four tray drawers provide storage useful for books and blankets in a living room, linens in a bathroom or bedroom, plates and glasses in a kitchen or dining room, or supplies in a home office. Available in four great colors including Tobacco, Linen (not shown), Sea Oat, and Spanish Moss, you will love the possibilities of this concealed storage cabinet.
The Paula Deen Home Utility Cabinet with Louvered Doors by Paula Deen by Universal at Zak's Fine Furniture in the Tri-Cities - Johnson City and Bristol Tennessee area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
With all the Southern hospitality that made Paula Deen's cooking famous, bring comfort home with the Paula Deen Home furniture collection. Her line combines turned posts and updated storage to create a great atmosphere for entertaining and comfortable everyday living. Enjoy this wonderful ensemble of cozy master bedroom, dining room, casual dining, and living room pieces inspired by Deen's home in Savannah, Georgia. All wood items available in a painted off-white Linen or dark brown Tobacco finish. Select accent pieces in Sea Oat and Spanish Moss garnish your room with a touch of color. Inspired by pieces in Paula's own home, her collection is as welcoming as her signature "hey, y'all" and filled with heart, just like her food.
The Paula Deen Home collection is a great option if you are looking for Transitional
Cottage furniture in the Tri-Cities - Johnson City and Bristol Tennessee area.
These images are representative of this group as a whole and may differ from this item.
View other items in the Paula Deen Home collection available from Zak's Fine Furniture in the Tri-Cities - Johnson City and Bristol Tennessee area.
This item has been tagged as: Bookcase, Book Case, Shelves, Shelving, Furniture, Office Furniture, Book Shelves, Storage Shelves, Display Shelves, Bookshelf, Etagere, Storage Bookcase, Open Bookcase, Closed Book Case, Bookcase with Hutch, Door Bookcase
Zak's Fine Furniture features a great selection of living room, bedroom, dining room, home office, entertainment, accent, furniture, and mattresses, and can help you with your home design and decorating. View recent additions to our online furniture gallery. Zak's Fine Furniture offers great quality furniture, at a low price to the Tri-Cities Tennessee/Virginia area including Johnson City, Bristol, TN/VA, as well as Blountville, Bluff City, Piney Flats, Elizabethton, Watauga, Unicoi, Jonesborough, Boones Creek, Midway, Flourville, Oak Grove, Summersville, Greeneville, Church Hill area.
Information Accuracy - We have taken great care to provide you with information that is accurate and useful. Please notify us if you find an error, and we will do our best to correct it. We ask that you contact us directly and visit our stores to confirm information about pricing, color, features, dimensions, availability and special order lead times.
4524 North Roan Street
Johnson City, TN 37615
111 Pickens Bridge Road
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Today Sunny, with a high near 70. West northwest wind 5 to 10 mph becoming south southwest 10 to 15 mph in the afternoon.
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German Post-A-Level: As well as continuing to develop your language skills, you also study special topics chosen from a wide range of courses in the fields of German literature, business German, film and theatre, gender studies, history, society, politics, culture and linguistics. In the second year some core elements of the course continue, but we also offer a wide range of options dealing with German culture, business German, politics and linguistics to allow students to pursue their own interests.
Compulsory modules
Optional modules (choose 40 credits)
Please note:
Ex-Beginners in German: You will take a further 40 credits of intensive German this year, in order to achieve competence in using German in common situations, and you will study aspects of German grammar. You will also study the history of German. In the second year, you will take the following modules:
In addition, you will do 60 credits in your other subject.
Various tutors.
20 credits - core module
The Year 2 advanced course helps you to develop your German language through three weekly classes (one hour each):
Assessment: combination of coursework and end-of-year written and oral exams
Ms Dorothee Sachse, Ms Claudia Merz
20 credits - optional module
Theatre is often an unjustly neglected form of art. In this seminar we will discover the stage that is the world. Amongst finding the answers to questions like 'How does German theatre compare with British theatre?'; 'Who are its makers and stars?' and 'What are the gems in German theatre?'. You will deepen your understanding of social contexts and cultural life in post-1945 Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In the second part in the course you will work largely independently on a topic of your own choice in the area of culture, politics and/or society in the German-speaking world, which also serves as a means of helping you to prepare for your Year Abroad.
Assessment: coursework and oral presentation
Dr Ruth Whittle
20 credits - optional module
This course builds on the first year module 'Politik und Wirtschaft' and extends your practice of getting business done 'auf deutsch'. Whether you want to learn about preparing for a trade fair, complain about a bad supplier or provide oral translations (called 'interpreting') in settings where one or other speaker is monolingual - 'Wirtschaftsdeutsch' has it covered! You will be taught in small groups, with more than half the class time devoted to practising with a partner or with the lecturer.
Assessment: one essay, one class test and two oral tests
Dr Nigel Harris, Dr Elystan Griffiths
10 credits - optional module
This module continues the focus of the first-year Texts in Contexts course. We will study a selection of short texts written between the medieval period and the early nineteenth century, including writings by Konrad von Würzburg, Goethe and Kleist. We will discuss the texts in detail in class, looking at how the selected texts reflect or challenge the views of the era. Key running themes are knighthood and heroism, and we will chart the ways in which these themes changed over time. We will not only be looking at the texts themselves, but also aspects of the history and thought of the periods in which they were written.
Assessment: one coursework essay
Mr Robert Evans
10 credits - optional module
This module follows on from German Linguistics (Past) and explores in greater depth the language and literature of the Old High German period (750 to 1100AD), the oldest period in which we have written records in German. The course will cover, amongst other things, the 'Hildebrandslied', the most famous literary text of the period (indeed some would say the most famous text in the whole of German literature) and Old High German dialectology, namely how to establish the dialect and approximate date of an Old High German text using only the linguistic evidence provided by the text itself.
Assessment: either a translation/commentary exercise (see above) or one coursework essay
Dr Elystan Griffiths
10 credits - optional module
Why was German cinema considered so innovative during the years of the Weimar Republic (1918-33)? Why did Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels disapprove of some of Hitler's pet film projects? What role did film play in establishing a democratic Germany after 1945? How did film production function in the communist German Democratic Republic? And how has German film developed since reunification in 1990?
This module aims to answer all of these questions and more. Each week, we will spend time discussing a major period in German film history and analysing one key film from each period. Sessions are mainly student-led and discussion-based. A key focus of the course will be the analysis of cinematic techniques, and you can expect to develop your skills in visual and textual analysis.
Mr Dietmar Wozniak
10 credits - optional module
Although the German constitution explicitly states that the political parties are only one of many players in the political arena, the practice looks quite different. Indeed, political parties have become the dominant force in German politics and society. Although heavily criticised, political life without them seems inconceivable. The political party scene is undergoing some dramatic and rapid changes. We have only recently experienced the transition from a stable system of three parties to a highly volatile and dynamic multiparty system with multiple options. What are the underlying causes for this rapid transformation? This course will help you understand how German politics 'ticks' and enable you to assess developments and events more easily. The course assumes no prior knowledge of politics and is suitable for those who wish to gain an insight into current affairs in Germany.
Dr Nicholas Martin
10 credits - optional module
Thomas Mann (1875–1955) is one of the finest and most fascinating German writers of the modern era. He is also one of the more controversial German cultural figures of the twentieth century. The module (two hours per week) provides an introduction to his methods and changing concerns as a writer and covers a broad range of textual, interpretative, literary and political questions. The module traces Thomas Mann's development as an author and explores in detail a representative selection of his shorter fiction. Texts prescribed will normally include Tristan (1903), Tonio Kröger (1903), Der Tod in Venedig (1912), Mario und der Zauberer (1929), and Bruder Hitler (1939).
Professor Bill Dodd
10 credits - optional module
Franz Kafka (1883-1924) lived most of his life in Prague. He wrote in German, but has become a celebrated figure of 'world literature'. This module introduces you to Kafka's life and approaches to understanding his work, including the vast secondary literature that has grown up around him. The seminars will offer you the opportunity to practise and further develop your skills in close reading and critical discussion of complex literary works. You will learn to read closely and with attention to the nuances of tone and perspective which make Kafka such a remarkable writer.
Dr Nicholas Martin
10 credits - optional module
The module will explore the history, politics and cultural memory of the West German student movement and its violent offshoot, the Red Army Faction, during the period 1967-77. Materials studied will include contemporary media reports and terrorist manifestos as well as a range of cultural phenomena associated with protest and terrorism in West Germany in this period, such as documentary and feature films and (semi-)fictional writings by Heinrich Böll, Bernhard Schlink and others.
Dr Nigel Harris
10 credits - optional module
The module will study some short works from the medieval and early modern periods of German literature: Hartmann von Aue's Der arme Heinrich, Der Stricker's Der Pfaffe Amis, and poems or short pieces by Mechthild von Magdeburg, Oswald von Wolkenstein, and Martin Luther. These will be analysed as literary texts, but also as sources of information and criticism of medieval culture and society. Particular emphasis will be placed on themes relating to the three social groupings named in the title. The problematic but fruitful relationship between religious and secular perspectives and stereotypes will be an especially important recurring theme.
Dr Ruth Whittle
10 credits - optional module
Using a range of primary texts, you will study a selection of female writers and female figures in German and Austrian literature in the late 19th century. Although it self-evidently cannot attempt to cover the totality of ideas about women in this era, it will seek to enable you to develop an understanding of and sensitivity towards the topic. The course will also develop your critical understanding of the question of gender and gender theory and thus examine concepts about the space of woman (in the family, in the state, in creation) and body image. The course attempts to raise your awareness of gendered concepts, which in various guises still inform women's (as well as men's) self-image and actions today.
Professor John Klapper
10 credits - optional module
Want to know more about how Germany developed and divided after the Second World War and how this was reflected in and influenced the literature of the time? Feel you ought to know more about two of the leading names in twentieth-century German writing, Heinrich Böll and Günter Grass? Then this is the course for you. The module considers (West) German literature from 1945 to the early 1960s and examines key literary developments against the background of wider political and social developments, including the establishment of the Federal Republic, the Economic Miracle, the building of the Berlin Wall and Germany's troubled relationship with its Nazi past. All students read a range of short texts, including one play, two short story collections and one short novel.
Mr Dietmar Wozniak
20 credits - core module
This module consolidates and further extends skills acquired in Intensive Ab Initio German I & II. Most main (remaining) grammatical structures and functions of the language will be dealt with through classroom exercises reinforced by private study. You will become proficient in a wide range of less predictable and complex situations and functions. Practical language classes will focus on productive and receptive skills, helping students to achieve effective communicative competence in even unpredictable situations. More emphasis will be put on speaking skills. Simple texts for translation from German into English and vice versa will be introduced. Wide-ranging aspects of modern Germany will be integrated at appropriate points by using a variety of materials: complex authentic texts, dialogues, short presentations, interviews and semi-authentic radio & TV programmes. Discussion and debating skills in German will also be developed and enhanced. Where feasible students will be encouraged and supported to pair up with a native German speaker in a Tandem partnership to experience authentic language outside the classroom.
Assessment: four class tests (reading and translation; listening; presentation/debating; writing and translation)
This module consolidates and extends skills acquired in Intensive Ab Initio German III and forms the basis for residence in Year 3 in a German-speaking country. Remaining grammatical structures and functions of the language will be dealt with through classroom exercises reinforced by private study. You will become proficient in using German in a wide range of unpredictable and complex contexts. Several sessions will be dedicated to developing your translation skills (English - German / German - English) as well as to reading skills, to enable you to access highly complex texts. Aspects of modern Germany will be discussed by using a variety of materials: complex authentic texts, dialogues, short presentations, interviews and semi-authentic radio & TV programmes. Where feasible you will continue to work with a native German speaker in a Tandem partnership to experience authentic language outside the classroom.
Assessment: Oral and written exams
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About AQ
About Aquinas
About Grand Rapids
Adult Undergraduate
Financial Aid
A-Z Dept. Listing
Course Catalog
Service Learning
International Programs
Campus Life
Residence Life
The Moose
Eric Bridge
Coordinator of Service Learning
Phone: (616) 632-2490
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
>>More on Eric
Mary Clark-Kaiser
Director of Campus Ministry
Phone: (616) 632-2489
E-mail: email@example.com
>>More on Mary
Fr. Stan Drongowski, O.P.
Phone: (616) 632-2491
Kathleen Lally
Pastoral Musician
Phone: (616) 632-2454
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
>>More on Kathleen
Theresa Marshall
Phone: (616) 632-2492
E-mail: email@example.com
>>More on Theresa
Kathleen is a native of the Grand Rapids area, and a recent graduate of Aquinas College with her degree in Liturgical Music. She majored in voice with a secondary emphasis in piano. She grew up in Grattan Township, about 25 miles east of Grand Rapids and calls St. Patrick Parish in Parnell home.
In her first career, Kathleen worked as a research assistant in medical school labs in Alabama, Michigan and Maryland. Her spiritual journey led her to spend several years in formation with the Adrian Dominican Sisters of Adrian, Michigan, and for part of that time she ministered as a musician in West Palm Beach, Florida. Kathleen is an active member of both the Grand Rapids Chapter of National Pastoral Musicians and the national organization.
In addition to her current ministry at Aquinas College, Kathleen is the primary caregiver for her mother.
Originally from Kansas City, Missouri, Terry earned her Bachelor's degree in Management from Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. In addition, Terry received a Certificate of Pastoral Ministry from the Diocese of Wheeling - Charleston. Currently, Terry is a summer student at the University of Notre Dame in the Master of Arts of Theology program, pursuing a graduate degree with a concentration in Liturgical Studies.
Prior to coming to Aquinas College in 1998, Terry worked six years as Director of Religious Education at St. Vincent de Paul Parish, a parish of 1,800 families in Wheeling, W.Va. During her tenure at St. Vincent DePaul Parish. She also served three years on the Wheeling-Charleston Diocesan Liturgy Commission and was a contributor to Summer Ministry Institute for the formation of catechists. One year before her hire at Aquinas College, Terry worked as an interim Campus Minister at Wheeling Jesuit University, under the supervision of Dr. Michael Galligan-Stierle.
At Aquinas College Terry's responsibilities include training, scheduling and mentoring student liturgical ministers as well as preparing for liturgical feasts and seasons, Sunday and weekday masses, and other prayer services with the visiting priests and the Campus Ministry team. In addition, she facilitates small group sessions on Catholicism, directs student preparation to celebrate the Sacraments of Initiation, and organizes the On Campus Directed Retreats during Advent and Lent.
Terry is a parishioner of the Cathedral of St. Andrew where she has served in various catechetical and liturgical ministries including Children's Liturgy of the Word, Confirmation Catechesis, Liturgy Committee, Art and Environment support, lector, and extraordinary minister of the Eucharist. Currently she sings in the Cathedral choir.
Terry is married to Dr. Dennis Marshall, Professor of Theology at Aquinas College. They are the parents of two adult children who live in West Michigan.


text:
Plunging V-Neck Sequin Halter Dress
Style # 199226
With an interesting sequin-embellished print, sexy plunging neckline and flirty A-line silhouette, this bebe cocktail dress is a hot attention-grabbing must-own. Features crisscross bandage design at back, hidden zipper at side and full interior lining. Has a heavy drape. Try it with a pair of solid, bold-hued heels.
- 100% polyester.
- Center back to hem: 25" (64 cm).
- Dry clean.
- Imported.
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a size S.
Rated 5 out of 5�by 1 reviewer.
Rated 5 out of 5�by Lola267 Love, love, love the dress I tried this dress on at the store and couldn't take it off! The top is fitted and really flattering - definitely nice cleavage from the plunging neckline. The shape is very feminine/flirty and is perfect for a night dancing or on the town. Pair it with a pair of flirty peep-toes or sexy pumps. The only downside is that sometimes the sequins rub against your arms, but it's a minor downside. :) The dress was definitely a hit with the guys - would highly recommend! October 23, 2012
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Aaron Copland - About the Composer
Aaron Copland was one of the most respected American classical composers of the twentieth century.
Aaron Copland was one of the most respected American classical composers of the twentieth century.
Known as the greatest "record man" who ever lived, Ahmet Ertegun's life comprised the history of 20th Century popular music in America.
Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientific thinkers of all time.
Alexander Calder's prolific and passionate output brought with it a humor and sense of play unlike any before, redefining what art could be.
Allen Ginsberg, the visionary poet and founding father of the Beat generation inspired the American counterculture of the second half of the 20th century with groundbreaking poems such as "Howl" and "Kaddish."
Known for his extended study of Washington Square Park and his distorted nudes of the 1930s, Andre Kertesz was a quiet but important influence on the coming of age of photojournalism and the art of photography.
Andy Warhol defined the pop art movement of the 20th Century. His paintings are among the most recognizable images ever produced.
Annie Leibovitz has photographed musicians, actors, and writers since the early 1970s. She has captured some of the most enduring images of our time.
American Masters tributes "The Queen of Soul" Ms. Aretha Franklin.
In the period immediately following the end of World War II, American theater was transformed by the work of playwright Arthur Miller.
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CAREER WEEK 2010: Day One: Plan II Alumni Panel
Mon, February 22, 2010 • 6:00 PM - 7:30 PM • Location: WEL 2.246
Plan II Honors and Liberal Arts Honors Career Week 2010
Career Week kicks off on Monday evening with a session featuring a panel of Plan II Alumni who will share their stories of career success and explain how their Plan II degree helped them to get to where they are today.
Attendance at the Plan II Alumni Panel event is required for all Plan II second-year students.
Questions - contact Melissa Ossian, Senior Academic Advisor
Career Week events are open to all Plan II students.
Plan II second-year students are REQUIRED to attend the Alumni Panel Event and TWO additional workshops as part of Sophomore Advising.
See Careers on the Plan II web site


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This patent application discloses a method and apparatus useful for eight-level halftone thermal ink jet printing by printing with droplets of ink with volumes weighted in a binary sequence. Three (3) binary-weighted drop generators which are fired in sequence are useful in an eight-level, four color printing process and additionally may be employed with a clear ink vehicle drop generator in order to reduce optical density of single small dots in a given pixel area to thereby reduce grainyness.
This method and apparatus are also adapted for four color printing with a chosen number of rows of binary-weighted drop generators, including untoned vehicle if desired, in order to achieve color printing of pixels having desired color and optical density.
1. A scanning printhead for ejecting ink drops into pixels in a predetermined binary sequence of drop volumes including, in combination:
(a) a thin film resistor substrate having a plurality of thin-film heater resistors thereon for generating vapor bubbles in the ink to effect the generation of ink-droplets,
(b) a barrier layer disposed on said thin film resistor substrate and having a plurality of channels defining a plurality of different binary drop volumes and forming respectively a plurality of drop generators,
(c) a drop generator orifice plate disposed on said barrier member and having respectively a plurality of different orifice diameters representative of said predetermined binary sequence of drop volumes and disposed respectively over said plurality of heater resistors and barrier channels, said orifices being in a row, whereby said drop generators may be sequentially fired by the application of electrical pulses to said heater resistors as said print head is scanned in relative motion with respect to ink receiving paper whereby ink drops can be ejected in said predetermined sequence.
2. The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein said volumes produced by said drop generators are weighted in an approximate "1", "2", "4" binary sequence.
3. The apparatus defined in claim 2 wherein said printhead is provided with an additional clear untoned ink vehicle drop generator positioned in said row, said additional drop generator ejecting clear untoned ink vehicle drops for imparting to said print head an additional capability to remove graininess in said pixels.
This invention relates generally to thermal ink jet printers and more particularly to a multitone ink jet printer and method having an improved grey scale operation.
Thermal ink jet printing has been described in many recent technical articles, such as an article by Kuhn & Myers in Scientific American, 1985, at pages 162 through 178, and also in an article by J. B. Angell et al. also in Scientific American April 1983 at pages 44 through 55, both incorporated herein by reference.
In the art of multitone ink jet printing, one approach to printing a dot with one of eight grey scale levels is to employ a single ink jet drop generator and fire it from one (1) to seven (7) times at a given pixel in order to provide the pixel from one to seven levels of ink drop volume. However, this approach suffers at least two distinct disadvantages when used in a thermal ink-jet printer. The first of these disadvantages is that the substantial repeated use of single drop generator and its associated heater resistor increases the wear and failure rate (decreased lifetime) of the thermal ink jet print head. As used herein, the term "wear" is defined as the accumulation of drop ejection cycles in a drop generator with finite lifetimes. Such lifetimes are typically measured in tens of millions of cycles.
Secondly, when ink is ejected in a drop sequence from a single drop generator, there is a certain recovery time related to the bubble collapse associated with each ink drop ejection from the drop generator. This recovery time obviously imposes a limitation on the maximum achievable rate at which pixels are printed using this method of thermal ink jet printing.
Another approach to multitone ink jet printing involves the use of multiple ink jet drop generators and firing these drop generators simultaneously in different numbers to achieve different corresponding ink jet drop volumes. To some extent, the use of these multiple drop generators as contrasted to a single drop generator can increase the lifetime of the thermal ink jet printer. One such approach is disclosed for example by T. Kawanabe in U.S. Pat. No. 4,353,079 issued Oct. 5, 1982. However, the thermal ink jet recorder apparatus of the Kawanabe patent identified above is possessed with certain other disadvantages related to the requirement for simultaneous firing of the multiple drop generators therein.
In particular, since these drop generators of the prior art are simultaneously fired at a single location, the nozzles must be critically aligned with respect to each other so that the ink drops will properly register within the pixel on the recording medium (paper). Furthermore, this alignment is predicated upon a particular spacing between the nozzles and paper, and maintaining this distance is critical to achieving a simultaneous combination of these drop volumes on the pixel. In addition, since each drop generator in the Kawanabe recorder of U.S. Pat. No. 4,353,079 produces only one unit volume of ink, then anywhere up to seven drop generators must be fired simultaneously to achieve the variation of one to seven levels on the grey scale. This requirement significantly increases the complexity,cost and unreliability of printhead design, and it also increases the total drop generator-use time for the print head and, again, imposes a limitation on the useful print head lifetime.
The general purpose of this invention is to provide a new and improved thermal ink jet printer and method of operation which overcomes the aforedescribed disadvantages of the prior art and consequently provides a print head of decreased drop generator design complexity and characterized by an extended lifetime.
To accomplish this purpose, I have discovered and developed an improved multitone ink jet printer and method wherein a plurality of ink drop volumes are provided in a drop generator structure and are weighted in a predetermined binary sequence. The drop generators which are each assigned a binary number corresponding to a specific ink drop volume are sequentially fired at a chosen pixel as they come into alignment with the pixel as the printhead moves with respect to the paper or vice versa. Thus, firing one to three binary-weighted drop generators produces 1 to 7 volume units of ink within the pixel. This process produces 1-8 levels of grey scale. The total number of drop generators required in the print head and the total drop generator use time is minimized to thereby maximize print head lifetime with a minimum of associated drop generator design complexity.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed and claimed a method for reducing the optical density of ink ejected into a given pixel area during a halftoning printing operation. This method includes ejecting a drop of untoned liquid, termed "ink vehicle" in the art, into a given area of a pixel and also ejecting one or more drops of ink with a fixed dye loading into the same area of the pixel. In this manner, the dye is dispersed over a larger area, and the objectionable optical characteristics of single, small, high-contrast dots standing alone are eliminated in favor of a more uniform gray tone.
FIGS. 1A-1D are sequential isometric views looking up through the paper at the bottom of a scanning printhead having the "1", "2" and "4" binary volumes for ejecting ink into a given pixel.
FIG. 2 is a graph of optical dot density versus print volume for the binary drop generator depicted in FIGS. 1A-1D.
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate isometrically, and in cross-section respectively, a print head structure constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 4A-4E illustrate schematically an alternative embodiment of the invention wherein untoned ink vehicle is combined with an ink drop of fixed dye loading. This process is carried out in order to obtain a mixture of ink vehicle and ink on paper to produce a reduction in optical density of the fixed dye loading to thereby eliminate grainyness of small dots.
FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate isometrically and in plan view, respectively, a three-color, eight-level halftone printer in accordance with the present invention.
Referring now to FIGS. 1A-1D, there is shown in sequence the firing of the binary-weighted "4", "2" and "1" volume ink drops at the pixel p. The direction of scan for a printhead 10 is from left to right, and the "4" volume ink drop "a" has printed into the pixel at displacement x1. As indicated in FIG. 1B, the "2" volume drop "b" is on its way toward the pixel where it subsequently combines with the "4" volume drop to provide a "4"+"2" combined volume spot on the pixel at displacement x2 as indicated in FIG. 1C. Also shown in FIG. 1C is the firing of the "1" volume ink "c" which combines with the already deposited "4"+"2" volumes of ink to give a 7 volume ink spot or level eight on the grey scale and completely covering the pixel as indicated in FIG. 1D at displacement x3.
There is much less critical alignment with the drop generator scheme of the present invention than with the approach of firing seven drop generators simultaneously. Furthermore, since there are only three drop generators for the eight grey levels rather than the seven drop generator scheme of the prior art, this feature results in a simpler electrical interconnect requirement for the printhead heater resistors, less complex driver electronics, a less complex plumbing scheme for feeding ink to the three drop generators, and a more compact and reliable printhead.
Referring to FIG. 2, the scheme whereby combined ink drops with total volumes "1" through "7" produce eight grey levels is described. This figure shows how optical density of a pixel is increased from the reflectivity of the untoned paper ("white") to the reflectivity of ink covering the paper ("black") as successively larger volumes of ink are applied to the region of a single pixel. The curve in the figure obeys a typical relation between spot area and drop volume on a coated paper, and the total optical density of the pixel is computed from the reflectivities and areas of the tones and untoned regions within a pixel boundary. Next to each print volume derived from the "1", "2", and "4" binary-weighted dot printers is shown schematically the combination of drops producing this volume.
Referring now to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the partially cut-away isometric view of a printhead employing the three drop generator scheme of the present invention includes a silicon thin film resistor substrate 30 which is fabricated using silicon planar processing and thin film deposition techniques which are well known to those skilled in the art. The silicon substrate 30 includes a common ink feed-hole 32 in the form of a cylinder or slot through substrate 30 and configured using diamond saw blade or laser drilling techniques. As is also well known, the thin film resistor silicon substrate 30 is constructed to have a plurality of heater resistors 34, 36 and 38 thereon, and these resistors are configured to correspond to the different "1", "2" and "4" volume ink channels 40, 42 and 44 in the barrier layer 46. This barrier layer 46 isolates individual drop generators to reduce crosstalk and is important to obtaining long operating life for the thermal ink jet resistors. Typically the barrier layer 46 is fabricated from a well known commercial polymer material with the trade name "VACREL", nickel, glass, or some other material impervious to attack by the liquid ink contained therein.
The printhead in FIG. 3A further includes a drop generator orifice plate 48 typically constructed of nickel and includes the plurality of orifices 50, 52 and 54 for ejecting the "1", "2" and "4" binary ink volumes, respectively. These orifices 50, 52 and 54 will emit the "1", "2" and "4" volumes of ink when their corresponding thin-film resistors 34, 36 and 38 respectively are heated by the application thereto of current pulses. The means by which the ink bubble forms on the heater resistor and provides the energy to eject a droplet of ink is well known to those skilled in the thermal ink jet printing art, and is described, for example, in the Hewlett Packard Journal, Volume 36, Number 5, May 1985 which is incorporated herein by reference. These current pulses are applied by way of conventional surface metallization patterns (not shown), but typically consisting of very thin conductive traces of aluminum or gold on the upper surface of the silicon substrate 30 and deposited using standard evaporation processes well known in the art.
Although the substrate member 30 is referred to herein as a "silicon substrate", it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the substrate 30 will typically by a thin film composite or layered structure wherein a first layer of silicon dioxide SiO2, will be grown or deposited on a silicon substrate surface to provide surface pasivation thereof, and then a resistive layer such as tantalum-aluminum will be deposited on the SiO2 layer. Next the conductive trace material will be evaporated on the tantalum-aluminum layer and lithographically defined so that openings in this trace material define the boundaries of the heater resistors. Finally, a inert outer passivation or barrier layer material such as silicon carbidej, SiC or silicon nitride, Si3 N4, or tantalum pentoxide, Ta2 05, or combination thereof in successive layers is formed on the surface of the aluminum trace material and the exposed heater resistors in order to provide a good isolation barrier layer between the heater resistors and the ink in the reservoirs above these heater resistors. This inert barrier layer is necessary due to the highly corrosive nature of the ink and also because of their cavitation produced wear during ink ejection from the drop generators. Therefore, as used herein, "silicon substrate" is intended to mean a thin film resistor silicon substrate of the above type of layered structure.
Referring now to FIGS. 4A through 4E, there is illustrated an alternative embodiment of my invention which includes an additional drop generator which is indicated as drop generator 60 in FIG. 4A. This generator 60 produces untoned droplets of fluid which is the ink without toning dyes. This liquid is known in the art as the ink vehicle. The volume of the untoned drop will be between the "1" and "4" volume. When a single toned ink drop 64 is ejected from the printhead onto the paper 65 as indicated in FIG. 4B, it will typically exhibit an optical density profile in the form indicated in FIG. 4C. In this Figure, reference number 66 indicates the optical density profile across the diameter of printed dot 67. As a result of the sharp steep profile 66 of optical density at the edge, the dot 67 in FIG. 4C, when seen at a normal viewing distance, will produce a grainylike characteristic as perceived by the eye and will consequently result in undesirable shading or grainyness for certain image printing and background applications--particulary in the reproduction of highlights in continuous-tone images. Thus, it is frequently desirable to remove this grainylike characteristic and this may be accomplished by the utilization of an untoned liquid vehicle drop 68 as indicated in FIG. 4D. This vehicle drop 68 is ejected onto the same pixel area as the toned ink drop 64 and this produces a certain quantity of vehicle volume plus "1" toned ink volume in area 69 as indicated in 4E and having an optical density profile 70 which has a maximum value in the center portion 72 thereof and then decreases out to the edges of the toned area 69.
Referring now to FIGS. 5A and 5B, there is shown, in isometric and plan views respectively, a threecolor, eight-level halftone printhead 73 including three foam filled reservoirs 74, 76 and 78 of the type disclosed and claimed in co-pending application Ser. No. 880,774 of Jeffrey Baker, assigned to the present assignee. These foam filled reservoirs 74, 76 and 78 are filled with inks having dye colors of cyan, magenta and yellow, respectively for subtractive color printing. These reservoirs 74, 76 and 78 are connected using known fluid interconnect techniques to an outer orifice plate 82 with the cyan, magenta and yellow orifice patterns 84, 86 and 88, respectively. The orifice patterns 84, 86 and 88 are shown in an enlarged plan view in FIG. 5B and include n-rows of the "4", "2", "1" binary drop generators in each of the cyan, magenta and yellow columns as indicated. Thus, each of the cyan, magenta and yellow columns may have as many n-rows of "4", "2", "1" binary drop generators as may be necessary to provide a desired quantity of these side by side ink dispensers for an eight-level three-color halftoning printing operation. Additionally, each of the n-rows may be modified to include a single clear fluid or ink vehicle drop generator (not shown) if it becomes desirable for some reason to diffuse one or more of the colors produced in order to reduce edge sharpness of isolated, color printed dots. This may be desirable for example when printing color dots (in the manner described previously to provide a more uniform coverage of a colored region within a pixel).
Various modifications may be made in the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. For example, the present invention is not limited specifically to the "4", "2", "1" binary sequence indicated, and instead may employ variations of this binary sequence in accordance with the particular type of grey level imaging operation being performed. In addition, multicolor printing may be produced by individual color pens (cyan, yellow, magenta, black) registered and aligned with respect to one another so as to print successively within the boundary of a single pixel to produce mixing of drops of various volumes and colors. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the particular 3-color printhead of FIG. 5 wherein the different colors are all located in adjacent columns in an integrated ink storage and orifice plate structure. Instead, the cyan, magenta, yellow and black inks and black printers may reside in separate self contained units (pens) spaced apart by a chosen distance compatible with a particular color printing application.
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