text:
A fully scalable and survivable network architecture and method is disclosed. In particular, a system for providing network or intranet processing and stored data access and an associated method is provided. The system includes a plurality of sets of at least first and second application processors. Each of the first and second processors within a set apply substantially the same application. One or more switches operatively connect to at least the first and second processors and a plurality of data storage devices. The data stored in the data storage device is associated with the application and mirrored, and at least the first and second processors operate at substantially the same time to obtain data. Both sources of mirrored data are operational at the same time to output data.
1. A scalable system for providing network processing and stored data access, the system comprising:
(a) at least first and second servers operative to process at least first and second user requests, respectively;
(b) a switch operatively connected to each of the servers;
(c) a load balancer operatively connected to each of the at least first and second servers, the load balancer operative to route an additional user request to the one of the at least first and second servers with the least load;
(d) a plurality of data storage devices operatively connected to the switch; and
(e) wherein the servers operate independently of the data storage devices and are connected to the data storage devices via the switch in a manner to permit the inclusion of an additional server to process another additional user request without the inclusion of an additional data storage device.
2. A scalable system for providing network processing and stored data access, the system comprising:
(a) at least first and second sets of servers, each of the sets of servers comprising at least first and second servers operative to process at least first and second user requests, respectively, and wherein each of the sets of servers applies a separate application;
(b) a switch operatively connected to each of the servers within each of the sets of servers;
(c) a plurality of data storage devices operatively connected to the switch;
(d) wherein the sets of servers operate independently of the data storage devices and are connected to the data storage devices via the switch in a manner to permit the inclusion of an additional server to any of the sets of servers to process at least an additional user request without the inclusion of an additional data storage device; and
(e) wherein each of the at least first and second servers of any one of the sets of servers applies an application, and wherein the system further comprises a load balancer operatively connected to each of the at least first and second servers of each of the sets of servers, the load balancer operative to route user requests to the one of the at least first and second servers of the sets of servers with the least load for a particular application.
3. A survivable system for providing network processing and stored data access, the system comprising:
(a) at least first and second servers operative to process at least first and second user requests, respectively,
(b) a switch operatively connected to each of the servers;
(c) a plurality of data storage devices operatively connected to the switch;
(d) wherein each of the first and second servers applies an application, the application applied by the first server being substantially the same as the application applied by the second server such that, in the event of a failure of either of the first and second servers, any subsequent user requests will be processed by any other of the servers that are operable; and
(e) wherein each of the plurality of data storage devices stores data, the data stored by each of the plurality of data storage devices being substantially the same such that, in the event of a failure of any one of the plurality of data storage devices, the data is accessible from any other of the plurality of data storage devices that are operable.
4. The system of
5. The system of
6. The system of
7. A method for providing network processing and stored data access, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing at least first and second servers operative to apply first and second applications, respectively, the first application being substantially the same as the second application;
(b) receiving first and second user requests on the first and second servers, respectively;
(c) applying the first and second applications to the first and second user requests, respectively, to generate first and second queries, respectively;
(d) providing at least first and second data storage devices configured to store first and second data, respectively, the first data being substantially the same as the second data;
(e) switching the first and second queries to the first and second data storage devices, respectively;
(f) routing first requested data from the first data storage device to the first server in response to the first query, and routing second requested data from the second data storage device to the second server in response to the second query;
(g) in the event of a failure of either of the first and second servers, processing any subsequent requests on any other of the servers that are operable; and
(h) in the event of a failure of either of the first and second data storage devices, providing any subsequent requested data from any other of the data storage devices that are operable.
8. The method of
Not applicable
Not applicable
Not applicable
1. Field of the Invention
This invention generally relates to computer networks. In particular, the invention relates to Internet and intranet computer systems.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The Internet is an international network of interconnected government, education, and business computer networks. A person at a computer terminal or personal computer with the proper software communicates through the Internet by placing data in an Internet protocol (IP) packet with an address for a particular destination on the Internet. Using Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), transport of the packet is managed. Communication software on processors or routers on the intervening networks between the source (the users network) and the destination network read the address assigned to the packet and forward the packets towards their destination.
Intranets are typically corporate networks that use the same networking or transport protocols as the Internet. Typically, dedicated servers provide access to corporate information in a cohesive fashion. For example, documents are stored in a HyperText Markup Language (HTML), and users of the intranet network use web browser software to obtain access to the documents. Thus, both the Internet and intranets can be IP networks.
IP network access allows a user to gain access to various applications and related data. For example, a user with web browser software enters an address of a desired application. The address and the users request for access is then routed through the IP network or a plurality of IP networks to a server or processor at the requested address. Access is thus gained to the application. The user may then request further information such as an HTML document or further processing associated with the application. Using HyperText Transport Protocol (HTTP), HTML documents are communicated to the user.
Various groups provide the servers and associated applications. For example, a corporation provides a content server for access to information about that corporation by users through the IP network. Multiple servers, each geographically remote to the other, may run the same applications for more efficient data retrieval.
Typically, any given server is dedicated to a finite number of groups or companies and includes a dedicated data storage source. For reliability, a second server or processor and a mirrored data source are held in standby and cross connected to the operational server and data storage source. One data storage source provides output data and receives input data. The other data storage source receives input to maintain a mirror image of the fully operational data source. If the operational data source crashes, the second data source becomes operational. Likewise, if the operational server crashes, the second server becomes operational.
The above described redundancy is an inefficient and expensive method to provide survivability. Furthermore, adding additional server or data storage source capabilities may require unacceptable amounts of down time during upgrading.
The present invention is directed to a fully scalable and survivable network architecture and method. According to one feature of the invention, redundant front end processors (FEP) are implemented for each service offered by the data center to provide survivability to the data center. According to a second feature, data servers are separated from the front end processors to provide scalability. A switching device provides a connection between the front end processors and the data servers. Advantageously, an architecture according to the present invention allows for complete horizontal and vertical scalability of the data center. Additional FEPs may be added to address additional demand for a particular service or for additional services. Additional data storage capacity may be added independently. An architecture according to the present invention also provides complete fault tolerance. The combination of redundant application processors connected to separate data servers enables the system to remain fully operational when any single network component fails. Since the various FEPs and data storage devices operate at the same time, the redundancy is used efficiently.
In a particular first aspect of the invention, a system for providing network processing and stored data access and an associated method is provided. The system includes at least first and second application processors. Each of the first and second application processors apply substantially the same application. A switch operatively connects to at least the first and second processors. A data storage device operatively connects to the switch. The data stored in the data storage device is associated with the application, and at least the first and second processors operate at substantially the same time.
In a second aspect of the invention, there are at least two sets of application processors, where each set applies the same application. There are at least two switches and at least two data storage devices. The data stored in the data storage devices is associated with the application of at least one set of front end processors. At least two application processors of at least one set operates at substantially the same time.
In a third aspect of the invention, the system includes at least a first application processor applying an application. A switch operatively connects to the first application processor. At least a first and second source of stored data operatively connects to the switch and contain mirrored data. The first and second source of stored data provide output data at substantially the same time to the first application processor for the application.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, a method for providing network processing and stored data access includes receiving at least first and second user requests at a first application processor; applying an application in response to the first and second requests with the first application processor; generating first and second queries for stored data in response to applying the application to the first and second requests, respectively; switching the first and second queries to at least a first and second source of mirrored and stored data, respectively; and providing first and second output data at substantially a same time in response to the first and second queries, respectively, from the first and second sources, respectively, to the application processor.
Referring to
To add or remove processing or storage availability or capability, one or more application processors or storage devices, respectively, are added. For example, an additional owner or customer is provided with mail processing. If the current mail application processors are at or near capacity, an additional mail application processor is added (horizontal scalability). The load balancers or routers are configured to balance requests across the current and new mail application processors. If the current data storage devices are at or near capacity and the additional user requires data storage, then a new source of data is added, such as a new hard drive or a new cabinet. Thus, the processing and data storage capabilities are scaled independent of each other (vertical scalability).
Referring now to
Architecture 10 as shown comprises two application processors 14 and 16, a switch 18 and data storage 20. The application processors or front end processors 14, 16 preferably comprise servers as known in the art, such as SUN SPARC computer processors each associated with a unique network address. Each application processor 14, 16 runs at least one of the same applications as the other. In a preferred embodiment, each application processor 14, 16 is dedicated to a particular application. The application may include any known service, such as, for example, mail, news, directory, content, or groupware applications. Groupware applications include any type of collaborative tool, such as video conferencing and whiteboard software. For example, both application processors 14, 16 run a news application. The news application may include processing associated with bulletin boards of current events and chat rooms, as known in the art.
The application, such as a news application, of each application processor 14, 16 is dedicated to one or more customers. For example, five different news organizations or customers provide news information in one or more formats for access by various users. The users may be members of the customers or unrelated to the customers. As another example, different groups within a corporation post news information for use in the corporation's intranet environment.
At any given time, one or more requests on line 12 are routed to one of application processors 14, 16. For example, the routing may be performed in accordance with the system and method disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/021,091 for a Method And System For Network Routing, filed herewith. Application processor 14 receives one or more requests related to a customer and application processor 16 also receives one or more requests related to the same customer. For example, at least one request for news information is routed to application processor 14, and a similar request for the same news information is routed to application processor 16.
Each application processor 14, 16 applies application software to the requests. In response, queries for information are generated by application processors 14 and 16. For example, the requests correspond to a recent news article and application processors 14, 16 generate queries to obtain the news article. The queries are in any of various formats, such as Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP), HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Calendar Access Protocol (CAP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). Other TCP/IP formats or other protocols may be used.
The queries are output on a connection between application processors 14, 16 and switch 18. Preferably, duplicative connections are provided. One connection is used and the other is a redundant backup, but both may be used simultaneously. Application processors 14, 16, switch 18 and data storage 20 each includes an interface for each connection. The interface formats the query for transport to another interface, such as transporting the queries from the application processors 14 and 16 to the switch 18. Various transport formats, such as asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), Fiber Distributed Data Interface, or fast switched Ethernet formats, may be used. Preferably, on ATM transport format is used.
Switch 18 receives the queries. Switch 18 is constructed as known in the art and operates under the control of any of various software applications, such as Catalyst 5000 switch by CISCO. Switch 18 acts to separate front end processing of application processors 14, 16 from data storage 20 for vertical scalability and survivability. Switch 18 passes the queries over a connection and corresponding interface card, such as one of at least two preferably duplicative connections, to the storage device 20.
Data storage 20 is of a construction as known in the art, such as one or more hard disk drives and associated processors. For example, data storage 20 may include a device configured for the Network File System (NFS) standard. Preferably, data stored on data storage 20 is mirrored, as represented by mirrored data storage 22 and 24. Mirrored data storage 22 and 24 may represent different locations on a drive, different drives or different cabinets. Preferably, each mirrored data storage 22, 24 is in a different cabinet or NFS server than the other. Any changes to the data stored in one of mirrored data storage 22 and 24 is also made in the other. Thus, identical or substantially the same data is provided in two locations.
Data in data storage 20 corresponds to one or more applications and the associated one or more customers or owners of the applications. For example, one of the customers or owners of the news application has the requested news article stored in data storage 20. For storage devices 20 with more than one drive and associated processor, switch 18 directs each query to a designated (prime) drive and processor for the associated application and/or customer/owner. Data storage 20 receives the queries from application processors 14, 16, such as the query being routed to the prime mirrored data storage 22 or 24. The processor or processors of data storage 20 obtain responsive information to the query from either mirrored data storage device 22, 24. For example, a query from application processor 14 for the news article is directed to mirror data storage 22, and the query from application processor 16 for the same news article may be directed to mirror data storage 24, depending on various factors, such as the customer/owner. For the same customer/owner, the processor associated with prime mirrored data storage 22 or 24 may reassign one or more queries to the other mirrored data storage 22 or 24. The reassignment may be based on various factors, such as comparative or non-comparative load balance, CPU and/or I/O usage factors. The news article is output in an HTML format or other formats to the appropriate application processor 14, 16 via connections and switch 18 by the respective mirrored data storage 22 and 24.
By providing more than one application processor 14 or 16 applying the same application horizontal scaling and survivability is provided, as discussed below. By providing data storage separated from the front end processing, vertical scalability and survivability is provided, as discussed below.
Referring now to
Requests are input to one or more distributors or load balancers 32. Distributor 32 is a router or other computer processor, as known in the art. For example, distributor 32 runs Cisco's Local Director software or operates as a local redirector as discussed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/021,091 for a Method And System For Network Redirecting, filed herewith. Distributor 32 distributes each request to a particular set 34, 36 and 38 of application processors 35. More or fewer sets 34, 36 and 38 of application processors 35 may be provided. Furthermore, one or more sets 34, 36, 38 may include only one application processor.
Each set 34, 36 and 38 of application processors 35 applies a different application. For example, the application processors 35 in set 34 apply a mail application, the application processors 35 in set 36 apply a directory application, and the application processors 35 in set 38 apply a news application. Each of the application processors within the set preferably applies the same application. For example, each of the two application processors 35 shown in set 34 apply the same or substantially the same mail application.
Additionally, distributor 32 distributes each request to a particular application processor 35 within the set 34, 36 or 38. For example, a request to generate an electronic mail message is received by distributor 32. Within each set more or fewer, but preferably at least two, application processors 35 may be used. In the example of the e-mail request discussed above, distributor 32 selects the mail application processor set 34 to receive the request. The distributor 32 selects one of the two or more application processors 35 within the set 34 for receipt of the request.
The selection of the application processor 35 within set 34, 36 or 38, is preferably based on various balancing factors. The factors include the number of requests distributed to each particular application processor 35 within a certain amount of time and whether that particular application processor 35 is currently operational. Thus, the current bandwidth of an operational application processor 35 is used for load balancing. Different, fewer, or additional factors may be used, such as information on the application processors current CPU utilization, data storage input/output utilization, and the usage rate of the network interface. Preferably, Simple Network Management Protocol Management Information Base is used to collect the factors. For a discussion of various load balancing factors and distribution, refer to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/021,091 for a Method And System For Network Redirecting, filed herewith.
As discussed above each application processor is dedicated to one or more, such as 35, customers or owners. One or more customers or owners provide the application to any of various users. The customers are customers from the stand point of an owner of architecture 30. For example, Sprint� owns and operates the architecture 30. Customer, Company A, pays Sprint� to provide Company A application or data services to various users (such as employees or network users). As another example, Sprint�, the owner, provides Sprint� application or data services for users (such as employees or other network users).
Each application processor 35 and each set 34, 36 and 38 processes any number of various requests as discussed above. Application processors 35 may generate queries. The queries are transferred through a set of switches 40 to another set of application processors 34, 36, 38 or data servers 42 and 44. For example, one of the mail application processors 35 in set 34 generates a query to set 36 of directory application processors 35. The query is routed through distributor 32 to set 36. Distributor 32 processes the query as a request (as discussed above). Alternatively, the query may be routed through switch 40. For example, the query is for a list of individuals within a company. One of directory application processors 35 in set 36 receives the query and applies the directory application to generate a query for the current directory list. This query and other queries are directed to data servers 42 and 44 as discussed above.
Set 40 of switches 41 receives the various queries. Set 40 of switches 41 preferably comprises two switches 41, but more or fewer switches 41 may be used. If one switch 41 is not operational, the other switch 41 continues to transfer queries. The queries are routed to the data servers 42, 44 or other application processors 35 using software as discussed above. For example, the query for a directory list is routed to one of the data servers 42 and 44.
Each data server 42 and 44 represents one or more NFS servers. Other formats may be used. Each of these data servers 42 and 44 is a source of data. Preferably, data server 42 is a mirrored data source of data server 44. Alternatively, mirrored drives within each data server are used, so that only a portion or no data in data server 44 is a mirror image of the data in data server 42. The data in data servers 42 and 44 corresponds to the various applications and customers or owners of the applications. For example, the query for a directory list is transferred to data server 42. Since the data is mirrored, either of the two identical or substantially identical data sources is used to provide the directory list. Both sources of mirrored data output data. Both sources may output data at substantially the same time in response to different queries for the same or different information. Thus, the data storage capabilities of both data servers 42 and 44 is used for efficient output generation.
In the above example, the directory list is transferred to querying application processor 35. In this example, the directory application processor 35 then provides the directory list to mail application processor 35 for selection of an individual on the list. Mail application processor 35 generates a query for mail address information associated with the selected individual. This query is processed in a similar manner to obtain the address data for further application by mail application processor 35.
Intranet network 54 includes gateway router 51, local network data base 53 and various other components known in the art. Other network architectures may be used. The users of intranet network 54 are provided with access to the data center 52.
Users from company A may access architecture 50 through a dial or dedicated connection. For a dial connection, the users, depending on their user ID, are tunneled to company A's gateway router 51, such as on a wide area network, or tunneled directly to data center 52. The tunnel is preferably encrypted. Once the encrypted tunnel has been established, company A gateway router 51 authenticates the user ID and password with a local network data base 53, such as TACACS+, RADIUS, SOLECT, etc. managed by company A.
Based on user selections, data in a TCP/IP format or other format corresponding to a user request for application processing or other data is generated. If the request corresponds to data or applications within data center 52, the company A router 51 translates the address to route the request to the data center 52. The request may be routed to other data centers due to network congestion or network outages. Preferably, the request is routed to the nearest active data center 52. The company A router 51 uses a data base of IP addresses for access to the data center 52 as known in art.
As an alternative to the company A router 51 within the intranet system 54, a gateway router may be provided within the data center 52. In this case, the user ID and password authentication is done through an access data base, such as Solect's IAF using the front end processors and data storage devices discussed below and above. The access data base is preferably virtualized (the particular companies data segmented from other companies data), so that each company may administer their own authentication process.
Data center 52 receives the user requests from intranet network 54. Data center 52 includes redundant routers 57 connected to redundant load balancers 58. Load balancers 58 are connected to redundant switches 60. Switches 60 are connected to a plurality of front end processors or application processors 61. Application processors 61 are connected through switches 78 to a plurality of data servers 76.
Application processors 61 are arranged in sets 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74. Each set 61, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74 of application processors includes two or more application processors 61 applying the same application. In one embodiment of the present invention, set 62 of application processors 61 applies mail front end processing; set 64 applies news front end processing; set 66 applies directory front end processing; set 68 applies certificate front end processing; set 70 applies content front end processing; set 72 applies groupware front end processing; and set 74 applies access data base processing, such as Solect front end processing. Other applications may be used, and sets including only one application processor 61 may also be used. Application processors 61 are accessed as discussed below.
Routers 57, such as Cisco 7500 routers, block IP traffic or requests not addressed for the data center 52. The routers 57 also provide routing for IP traffic or responses leaving the data center 52.
Once the user is authenticated and has access to the data center 52, the request is provided to one of two load balancers 58. Load balancers 58 are processors within the data path. More or fewer load balancers 58 may be used. Load balancer 58 may redirect the user request to different application processors 61 in the same set 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74. Based on the address of the requested application processor 61 (destination address), such as a request to establish an X.509 certificate at a particular application processor 61, and various load balancing concerns discussed above in reference to
According to one embodiment of the invention, switch 60 may be a Catalyst 5000 switch made by Cisco. Switch 60 transports the requests from the load balancer 58 to the selected applications processor 61. Preferably, two routers 57, load balancers 58 and associated switches 68 are used to provide two data paths for survivability. One data path is used as a primary path and the other is a back-up or fail over data path. Alternatively, requests are balanced between the two data paths, such as by using Boarder Gateway Protocol 4 or other network routers.
User requests are routed through a data path to one application processor 61. The applications on application processors 61 are provided for one or more customers or application owners. Preferably, each application processor 61 within a set 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 is operational at substantially the same time. Each application processor 61 is operable to receive requests and generate output, so requests received at load balancer 58 may be directed to more than one application processor 61 at any given time. Thus, the requests load may be distributed among application processors 61 within sets 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74. For example, requests associated with a plurality of first time users accessing the data center 52 is received at substantially the same time. The requests may be from one or more different users or customers, such as company A and another company. Alternatively, the request may all be from users within company A. Load balancer 58 routes the request to one or more of the application processors 61 in set 68. Preferably, the plurality of requests are distributed across the plurality of application processors 61 in set 68. The application processors 61 apply the certificate application to each of the requests received.
Preferably, a X.509 certificate is required to access the applications within the data center 52. A certificate application allows the user to input various information to request a certificate. The corporate administrator, such as the administrator for company A, gains access to application processor 61 applying the certificate application and either authorizes or denies the user's request. If the user is authorized, the next time the user accesses data center 52, an acknowledgment is made and a certificate is generated. For example, a public key is generated to correspond with a private key associated with the work station of the particular user. The public key information is either stored with application processor 61 or in a data storage device or data server 76 as discussed below. Certificate application processor 61 may also refer to an application processor 61 in the set 66. For example, a list of authorized services available to that user is obtained using the directory application. As known in the art, if a user uses a different workstation, a different X.509 certificate must be requested to generate a different private key and public key match for security reasons. The set 68 of certificate application processors 61 and/or the set 66 of directory application processors 61 may also obtain information from data servers 76.
To obtain information from the data servers 76, queries are transferred from the application processors 61 to switches 78. Preferably, more than one switch 78 is provided for survivability. Each switch 78 is operatively connected to each of the application processors 61 and each of the data servers 76 with more than one connection and the associated more than two interfaces. Preferably, each connection is a 100 M b Fast Ethernet connection.
As discussed above, switches 78 transfer the queries to the appropriate one of data servers 76, such as NFS cabinet. Each data server 76 includes mirrored data, either of data on other data servers 76 or of data within the same data server 76. The mirrored data on one data server 76 may be mirrored in another data server 76. Alternatively, the mirrored data on one data server 76 may be mirrored in part on a second and in another part on a third data server 76. The data is associated with one or more customers. Preferably, none or little of the storage in the data servers 76 is dedicated to one customer. Thus, mirrored data associated with a plurality of customers is stored on each data server 76. Mirrored data associated with one customer may be mirrored on a different data server 76 than mirrored data associated with another customer.
To further increase efficiency of storage space and as discussed above, both or more than one source of the same mirrored data is used to respond to queries. Upon any failure of one of the sources of mirrored data, such as a data server 76 not responding within 5 milliseconds, the other source of the same mirrored data is available to respond to queries. Once the failed source of data, such as one of data servers 76, is operational, the two mirrored sources of the same data are synchronized. After synchronizing to the same clock, the sources of the same data are synchronized to verify that the data is mirrored. Thus, groups of data from the recently failed data server 76 are verified against the source of mirrored data and updated as necessary. The recently failed and now operational data server 76 or source of data is then used to respond to queries, along with the other source of the same data. For example, public key data for allowing access or a directory list of applications to make available is obtained from either source of the relevant mirrored data. If more than one query associated with the same data is generated, then the queries are transferred to the same or different mirrored sources of the same data.
To change the data in data servers 76, an administration server 84 is provided. Administration server 84 controls adding, removing and changing various front end processing and mirrored data. For example, a customer with mail and news demands for various users is added, and the associated users are allowed access to data center 52. Using administration server 84, set 62 of mail application processor 61, set 64 of news application processors 61 and any other appropriate application processors 61 are updated to process requests from users associated with the added customer or owner. Data associated with the added customer or owner is mirrored and stored on one or more of the data servers 76. Data servers 76 and the appropriate set 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, and/or 74 are provided data storage address information. Thus, processing and data storage services are proved to the user associated with the customer or owner. Other controls, such as control over the switches, may also be provided through administration server 84. More than one administration server 84 may be used.
Administration server 84 may also provide data center 52 monitoring. Preferably, a separate remote management point 86 is provided. The various components of data center 52 may be monitored for operational status over a T-1 connection. Information associated with any hardware additions, deletions and reconfigurations may be provided to the appropriate components. Hardware management and/or administration of data center 52 may be through a remote access point or local to data center 52. For a data center 52 that is physically disparate (one or more components in a different location or region than one or more other components), the management and administration are near or remote from each other and/or various of the components.
As shown in
In network 50 of
Referring to
Preferably, the data center architecture provides redundant equipment setup to failover automatically in a matter of seconds. Traffic is evenly distributed, such as half and half on two connections 108 coming into data center 102. Thus, router 110 a processes half the requests associated with IP addresses in data center 102 and router 10 b processes the other half. Using Border Gateway Protocol, version 4 (BGP4) in the network, if one of routers 110 a or 110 b fail, BGP4 routes the traffic to the surviving connection 108.
Preferably, routers 110 comprise Cisco 7507 Routers (128 MB DRAM, SONET, Serial Card & Fast Ethernet Cards). Two 7507 routers 110 connect to four RND WSD Pro boxes 106. If one of the RND boxes 106 that supports the dedicated servers 100 fails, routers 110 access the redundant RND box 106 for transfers with the dedicated servers 100.
Routers 110 preferably include two router ports that support the shared servers 104. Routers 110 access a list to deny transfer of requests other than HTTP port 80 and port 443 (SSL) requests addressed to a specific range of registered IP addresses denoting shared servers 104 in data center 102. Two router ports support the dedicated servers 100. Routers 110 access a list to deny transfer of requests other than HTTP port 80, port 443 (SSL) and FTP port 20 and 21 requests addressed to a specific range of registered IP addresses denoting dedicated servers 100 in data center 102.
The RND WSD Pro boxes 106 intelligently direct IP requests to the most appropriate server 100 or 104. The method of directing is preferably fully configurable.
In this embodiment, the registered IP address of the shared and dedicated customer's sites on the appropriate server 100 or 104 resides on WSD Pro boxes 106. Each customer has two registered IP addresses, one for each data center 102. As requests enter into one of the data center WSD Pro boxes 106, the WSD Pro box 106 accesses the availability of the shared or dedicated servers 100 or 104 within that data center 102 as well as the other data center 102. If the server or servers 100 or 104 in the local data center 102 are unavailable, the request is redirected to other registered IP address at the other data center 102.
Where the customer's application is included on shared servers 104, five shared servers 104 at each data center 102 may accept any request for any shared customer site. A request may be redirected to the other data center 102 if all the shared servers 104 are down at the current data center 104.
The RND boxes 106 provide internal traffic load balancing and failover. The internal load balancing/failover feature is used for traffic being sent from the web servers 100 or 104 to the CyberCash servers 112. If one of the unregistered CyberCash servers 112 fails, RND boxes 106 route all CyberCash traffic to the surviving CyberCash server 112.
Connected to RND boxes 106 is Cisco Catalyst 5500 (Dual Power Supply, 2 Supervisor Modules, 8 Fast Ethernet Modules) switch 114. Catalyst 5500 switch 114 is a high-speed internally redundant network switch that supports virtual LANs. This network device is used to segment traffic to keep production Internet traffic from the back-end management network (e.g. back-end components and connections of servers 100, 104, 120, 122, 112). Catalyst 5500 switch 114 has redundant power supplies and redundant management modules. If either the power supply or the management module fails, the redundant device may be processing within 60 seconds. During this 60 second window, RND WSD Pro boxes 106 automatically route traffic to the other data center 102.
To provide a more redundant environment, shared servers 104 connect to separate interface cards on the Catalyst 5500 switch 114. If an interface card malfunctions, the shared pool of servers 104 are still accessible. RND WSD Pro boxes 106 automatically take servers 104 connected to the failed card out of the shared server pool. These shared servers 104 are added to the pool as soon as the card has been replaced.
Preferably, each dedicated server 100 comprises a Sun Ultra 2 server (300 Mhz, 256M Ram, two 2 GB drives and two Fast Ethernet Adapters). Each dedicated customer application has a dedicated server 100 in two data centers 102, such as a data center in San Jose and one in Relay. Each dedicated server 100 has two Fast Ethernet adapters. One of the Fast Ethernet adapters acts as the front-end Internet access. This adapter is associated with a private unregistered address and allows transfer of HTTP and FTP protocol formatted data. This adapter preferably may not allow logging on into the server 100. The other adapter connects to a private management network. This adapter is used for data access and operational control.
Transfers to dedicated servers 100 are routed through a separate port on routers 110 and utilize a separate group of RND WSD Pro boxes 106. This segmentation provides an extra level of security by only allowing FTP requests to be sent to the dedicated server network.
Preferably, each dedicated server 100 runs two instances of Netscape Enterprise Server. One is used for production access from the Internet (only accessible from the front-end Fast Ethernet adapter) and the other is used as a staging site for pre-production work (only accessible from the back-end network).
The administrator for dedicated servers 100 accesses the back-end network via the back-end firewall 126. Back-end DNS 112 points to a staging site so the administrator may see their new site prior to moving the site into production. For the administrator to view the production site, access to the site is provided through the Internet. Since staging site and production site have the same domain name, the administrator accesses a specific back-end DNS 112 that points to the staging site.
Server and application configuration and log files are stored on Auspex NFS servers 120 within data center 102. If a dedicated server 100 fails, a spare dedicated server 100 is installed on the network and loaded using Jumpstart. Since the server 100 and application and log files are kept on the Auspex NFS servers 120, the spare dedicated server 100 assumes operation without having to manually reconfigure the application.
Preferably, shared servers 104 comprise Sun Ultra 2 devices (two 300 MHz, 512 M Ram, two 2 GB drives and two Fast Ethernet Adapters). In one embodiment, five shared servers 104 support 175 customer sites. Each shared server 104 supports 35 average customer sites, but more or fewer sites may be supported. With the load balancing capability of RND WSD Pro boxes 106, the request load is generally evenly distributed across the shared servers 104 in the shared pool. Since the two data centers 102 provide geographic site mirroring, the 175 customer sites are distributed across 10 shared servers, five in each data center 102.
Each shared server 104 has an IP or other address associated with the production side interface and 175 virtual IP addresses bound to it. Each customer web server software is bound to one of the virtual IP addresses.
In one embodiment, shared servers 104 are not accessible by the shared customer administrators. The shared customer administrators have access to a shared staging server 122. Due to memory usage, security and any affect on other customers, the shared customers have read access to a library of Computer Generated Interfaces (CGI). To conserve memory, each shared server 104 runs Netscape's Enterprise Server in software virtual server mode. This mode uses data from the CGIBIN and spawns server threads only when needed. Each server thread uses roughly 3 to 4M.
Alternatively, for CyberCash processing, shared customers run as a separate server instance. This allows customers to have a separate read-only CGIBIN.
If a shared server 104 fails, RND WSD Pro boxes 106 remove the server 104 from the available shared pool. The failed server 104 is then repaired and connected to the network. Using a Jumpstart server, the repaired shared server 104 is loaded. Since the configuration and log files are stored on the Auspex NFS servers 120, the system begins processing from where it left off without manual reconfiguration.
NFS Servers 120 preferably comprise Auspex NS7000 servers. NFS servers 120 may provide fault tolerance, high availability, survivability and scalability in a storage system. Each data center 102 includes a pair of NFS servers 120 for storing the production and staging site content, log files and local server 100, 104, 122, 112 configurations.
Referring to
NFS servers 120 have two modes of failover protection. The first stripes data across multiple drives. If one of the drives fail, the remaining drives continue to service requests for data that existed on the failed drive. The second mode comprise the method described above of having the two NFS servers 120 mirror each other with a heartbeat signal exchanged between them. The heartbeat may be transferred over multiple interfaces and may be configured for transmission every 5 or more milliseconds. If one of NFS servers 120 fail, the switch to the other NFS server 120 is substantially immediate. In the second mode, writes are multicast to both NFS servers 120 and reads are serviced by both NFS servers 120. Thus, the NFS servers 120 may process twice as many read requests due to the mirrored copy of the data.
Referring to
Preferably, staging server 122 supports about 75 customers. Shared customers review their staging site as processed by staging server 122 prior to publishing the site to the production server 104. With multiple companies' sites running on the shared pool of servers 104, non-production corporate information remains secure. Access to shared production servers 104 may not be directly provided to customers. Access to these servers 104 is provided for the back-end operational group. Other security processes may be used.
When a customer administrator accesses data center 102, firewall 126 allows the customer administrator to send information to their staging server IP address, access the administration site and receive information from back-end DNS 116. Firewall 126 prohibits them from hitting any other staging server sites or any other servers 100, 104, 112 on the back-end network.
Dedicated customer administrators access their production server IP address and the administrator site on the utility server 112. Direct access to their production server 100 allows them to develop and run their own CGIs. This administrator site on staging server 122 also links to the customers monitoring information. This information informs them how much disk space is used, how much transfer has been used, a number of hits, etc. This administrator site also has user guides for the CGI library and links to other sites for information about Java scripts, Java applets, etc.
To conserve memory and since a shared CGIBIN is used for shared customers, Netscape Enterprise Server is run in the software virtual servers mode. Alternatively, the shared staging servers 122 run Netscape Enterprise server as a separate instance, providing a separate CGIBIN for each customer. Staging server 122 mounts customer staging sites from NFS servers 120.
As an alternative to providing customer administrator access to staging servers 122 in both data centers 102, customer administrators are allowed access to one staging server 122, such as the San Jose staging server. Staging server information is backed-up in the San Jose data center in case of loss of the San Jose data center 102. If the San Jose data center 102 is down for an extended length of time, the DNS entry for the proxy firewalls on the back-end network changes to point to the firewalls in the other data center 102, such as the Relay data center and the staging back-ups are provided to the Relay data center 102.
CyberCash/DNS Servers 112 preferably comprise Sun Ultra 2 servers (300 Mhz, 256M Ram, two 2 GB drives and two Fast Ethernet Adapters). Preferably, two CyberCash/DNS servers 112 are provided at each data center 102. The CyberCash/DNS servers 112 process CyberCash/DNS requests. The two CyberCash/DNS servers 112 are load balanced by RND WSD Pro boxes 106. The back-end DNS 116 has one 10. address load balanced across the two virtual 10. addresses of the actual DNS application on the CyberCash/DNS servers 112. The CyberCash application is load balanced in the same manner as the DNS servers 112 (CyberCash and DNS functions are performed by the same servers 112). Each shared and dedicated server 100 and 104 uses one 10. address for CyberCash. If one of the CyberCash/DNS servers 112 goes down, RND WSD Pro boxes 106 route traffic to the surviving CyberCash/DNS server 112.
CyberCash requires communication with various financial institutions on the Internet. Therefore, requests from CyberCash servers 112 to the Internet are routed through the back-end interface and are proxied by the firewall 126.
Firewall server 126 preferably comprises a Sun Ultra 2 server (300 Mhz, 256M Ram, two 2 GB drives and two Fast Ethernet Adapters running Raptor Eagle Software). In one embodiment, two firewalls 126 are provide at each data center 102 and secure write access into their data center 102. Anyone that has access to data centers 102 passes through one of the two firewalls 126. Preferably, there are five connections to each firewall 126: one from an operations network, one from the back-end network, one from the Internet (proxy access from staging server 122 to verify links on the customers staging web sites), one from a private production network and one from a private back-end management network.
The operations network connected to firewalls 126 is an inbound only port. Firewalls 126 allow traffic and protocols to pass from the operations network into data center 102 but block traffic from data center 102 into the operations network.
The back-end network connection comprises an inbound only port. Customer administrators access the data center through this port. Firewall 126 acts as a proxy server to the customer administrators. Once the shared customer administrators successfully enter their user-id and password, firewall 126 allows them to access the IP address of their staging site and DNS servers 112 selected by firewall 126. If the DNS entry is not found in the back-end data center DNS 116, the request is proxied out of firewall 126 to a DNS in the Internet. Thus, the customer administrators access the Internet for reference information as well as to verify their links.
Dedicated customer administrators preferably use HTTP, FTP and Telnet to access their dedicated server 100 as well as the administrator site on the staging server 122. The shared customer administrators preferably use HTTP and FTP to access their staging site and the administrator site.
The Internet port is preferably for outbound traffic and firewall 126 proxies requests from data center 102 to the Internet through that port. The only inbound traffic is traffic initiated from within data center 102.
Half of the customer administrators proxy to one of the firewalls 126, and the other half proxy to the other firewall 126. Alternatively, one firewall 126 processes substantially all of the requests, and the other firewall 126 acts as a standby. If one of firewalls 126 fail, the other firewall 126 has the same configuration for processing requests associated with all the customer administrators.
Data centers 102 preferably include two Cisco 4700 Router 128 (64M DRAM, 4 port Serial, 6 port Ethernet). Cisco 4700 routers 128 process the back-end connections. Preferably, three DS1 lines from the back-end network from each data center connect to routers 128. Two DS1s connect to one of the 4700 routers 128 and the other DS1 connects to the other 4700 router 128 for failover.
As information associated with a customer site is developed, the information is archived. With two NFS servers 120 having mirrored data at each data center 102, there are 4 copies of the same data. Generally, the production data is not backed up or archived.
The data is backed up periodically, such as every night with a nightly rotation of partial full (full backup of part of the data) and incremental back ups. Due to the large amount of data, a seven day rotation for full back up of portions of the data is preferably used. Preferably, seven groups of file systems are identified and each group is fully backed up once a week on alternating nights. On any given night, the remaining groups are incrementally backed up.
Referring to
A customer using computer 130 requests a particular domain name, such as www.petsrus.com. The DNS associated with the customer attempts to resolve www.petsrus.com. The request follows the normal DNS tree and finally identifies a DNS 118 that has two NS records for www.petrus.com, identifying DNS A 116 and DNS B 116 in the two data centers 102. The DNS 118 with the two NS records sends the request to the first DNS, in this case DNS A 116. If DNS A 116 is unable to respond, the request is sent to DNS B 116. Fail over for DNS requests is provided.
Assuming DNS A 116 responds, the corresponding data center 102 processes the request. DNS A 116 is inside RND WSD Pro box 106 and connected to switch 114. Thus, the main DNS 118 enters data center 102 on the subnet associated with data center 102, verifying that data center 102 is operational.
When DNS A 116 receives the request, the registered IP address of www.petsrus.com (i.e. 184.108.40.206) is returned to the requesting user. The users client then requests access to 18.104.22.168. This IP address corresponds to RND WSD Pro box 106 in the San Jose data center 102.
Once the request reaches RND WSD Pro box 106, RND box 106 checks the availability of the server pool corresponding to 22.214.171.124. Once RND box 106 selects the most available server 104, such as server 10.200.10.5, the request is routed to that server 104.
If all the appropriate local servers 104 or 100 are down or fully loaded, RND WSD Pro box 106 redirects the request the other data center 102, such as 22.214.171.124. This address corresponds to the registered IP address of this shared site at this other data center 102. When the request is received at RND box 106 in the Relay data center 102, RND box 106 checks the availability of the associated server pool. Once RND box 106 selects the most available server 104, the request is routed to that particular server 104.
Requests associated with dedicated servers are processed in a similar manner. Instead of identifying a most available server, the request is routed to the appropriate dedicated server 100. If dedicated server 100 is not operational, then the request is routed to the other data center 102.
It should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described above. For example, different numbers of application processors or data storage devices may be used to provide different processing and data. It is therefore intended that the foregoing detailed description be understood as an illustration of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, and not as a definition of the invention. It is only the following claims, including all equivalents, that are intended to define the scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
MAC Cosmetics – Multi-color 008
Lucky Jade shadestick on lid, Overgrown e/s on outer lid, Gorgeous Gold e/s on middle of lid, Sushi Flower e/s on inner lid, Iris Print e/s in crease, and Pollen e/s on brow.
Discussion and debate are highly encouraged, and we expect community members to participate respectfully. When asking a question, please check the FAQ section (above) for information about purchasing, price, dupes, and the like. If you have general feedback or need technical support, please contact us.
Comments that include advertisements, self-promotion, insults, etc. may be in violation of our comment policy and subject to deletion. Please see our comment policy for more information.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
On the eve of the start of the regular season, the Oshawa Generals swung a deal with the Kitchener Rangers. Heading to Oshawa is 18-year old centre Josh Sterk, while Kitchener gets a fourth round pick (conditional) in 2014 and Windsor's sixth round pick in 2015.
Sterk, who spent six of the Rangers' 10 playoff games last year in the press box, claims to be 100% after a season which saw him sidelined with a pair of concussions. He has bulked up considerably over the summer, working out alongside former Generals superstar John Tavares in Mississauga. He reported to camp after adding 15 pounds of muscle, and the results seemed to pay off, as he was one of Kitchener's leading scorers during the pre-season.
He now joins a Generals club in need of depth and leadership, as they will likely move forward without their top five scorers from a season ago. Boone Jenner and Tyler Biggs have moved on into pro careers, along with Scott Sabourin and Matt Petgrave, who were overagers last year. Scott Laughton is still away at the Philadelphia Flyers camp, and there is a strong possibility of him remaining in the NHL, at least for an extended look. As such, there will be opportunity for a player like Josh Sterk to step in and fill some big minutes in Oshawa.
Photo courtesy Terry Wilson / OHL Images


text:
|Tolkien Gateway is 10 years old. Sign up today to edit TG and help us grow for years to come.
"Golden-haired" was a title given to Hador son of Hathol. It is a free translation of his Elvish surname, Lórindol, which more literally means "Goldenhead". All of these variations are references to his golden hair, a common trait of the descendants of the Third House of the Edain.


text:
The Department of Veterans Affairs offers support through the Family Caregiver Program. Through the FCP Eligible post-9/11 Veterans will have the option to elect to receive their care in a home setting from a primary Family Caregiver.
Veterans can download a copy of the Family Caregiver program application (VA CG 10-10) at www.caregiver.va.gov. The application enables the Veteran to designate a primary Family Caregiver and secondary Family Caregivers if needed. Caregiver Support Coordinators are stationed at every VA medical center and via phone at 1-877-222 VETS (8387) to assist Veterans and their Family Caregivers with the application process.
According to the VA, programs for Veterans and their Family Caregivers includes:
National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2016


text:
Michael De Leon
Michael A. De Leon is a graphic designer by day, but wears many hats in his off time. In 2004, after several years of covering the Spurs, he started Project Spurs, a Spurs team fansite as an outlet to provide content to Spurs fans, while continuing to write for himself and learning the ins and outs of online publishing and web design. He has since built a writing team and started a popular weekly Spurs podcast called the Spurscast.
Posts filtered on Tag
Ettore Messina to be offered a coaching position with Spurs?
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs As you may recall, back in March, famed European coach Ettore Messina was able to visit with the San Antonio Spurs and spend eight days on the Spurs bench as an observer. However, according to solobasket.it, Messina and the Spurs met at the Euroleague Final Four where Messina could be […] [Read More]
Spurs worked out Matt Howard
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs With the NBA Draft approaching, the San Antonio Spurs worked out forward Matt Howard from Butler and according to Howard, he had a solid workout with the Spurs. "Had a good first workout and got to meet a lot of quality people in the Spurs organization" Howard is a 6″8″ […] [Read More]
De Colo voted 3rd best ACB Point Guard
Nando De Colo, who the San Antonio Spurs drafted in the second round of the 2009 NBA Draft, was recently named as one of the best point guards in the Asociación de Clubs de Baloncesto or ACB in Spain, according to BasketBrasil. Marcelinho Huertas, Tiago Splitter's former teammate with Caja Laboral, took home the ACB Best Point […] [Read More]
Reflections on the Spurs season
By Jake Faunce, Project Spurs In a season where a team carries the best record in basketball for much of the year then finishes up having the number one seed in its conference, then loses to the eighth seed for one of the only few times in NBA history, it's safe to say it was a failed […] [Read More]
Ginobili says Spurs peaked too soon, retirement from NBA
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs After a 61 win season, securing the best record in the Western Conference and having the number one seed in the Western Conference playoffs, many did not think the San Antonio Spurs playoff run would be up-ended by the eighth seeded Memphis Grizzlies. Yet that's exactly what happened and Spurs fans […] [Read More]
Spurs' Richards ready for GB European Championships
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs San Antonio Spurs draftee Ryan Richards is ready to represent Great Britain's Under-20 team at this summer's European Championships in Sarajavo. This will mark a year since Richards was forced to sit out following shoulder surgery and the Spurs see this as a solid way for Richards to rehab from surgery said […] [Read More]
Video: Neal at Towson's groundbreaking ceremony for new arena
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs San Antonio Spurs' Gary Neal was on hand at his old stomping grounds at Towson University to speak on Towson's new Tiger Arena. Skip to the 4:50 point to see what Neal had to say on the new arena, his memories playing at Towson and more. Click HERE to view […] [Read More]
Spurscast #245: Sad but true
With the San Antonio Spurs ending their season after just six playoff games, Jeff and I looked back at the 2010-11 season and picked out some of our high and low moments and recapped the year. It was a year full of surprises, like Gary Neal, and disappointments, like Richard Jefferson. In the end a […] [Read More]
Gasol looks to OT loss to Spurs in series against Thunder
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs It was a thrilling Game 4 between the Memphis Grizzlies and Oklahoma City Thunder as it went into triple overtime where the Thunder emerged on top. A great win for the Thunder and a crushing loss for the Grizzlies as they blew a double-digit lead. However, for Memphis' Marc Gasol, […] [Read More]
Kerr sees similarities between Spurs, Mavs
By Jeff Garcia, Project Spurs The Dallas Mavericks are continuing their march towards the NBA Finals as they await the winner of the Memphis Grizzlies-Oklahoma City Thunder semifinal series. Dallas, much to the chagrin of San Antonio Spurs fans, seem poised to capture their first ever franchise NBA title and former Spurs player Steve Kerr […] [Read More]
Show More


text:
2014 Wall Calendar .
Thursday, January 16, 2014
Wednesday, December 4, 2013
2014 Wall Calendar
Check it out in my newly developing big cartel shop or here in my etsy shop.
pssst...use code AMYLOVESYOU at chekcout in the etsy shop for FREE domestic shipping this week!
Wednesday, November 27, 2013
Monday, November 18, 2013
shades of grey
Monday, October 28, 2013
hey mami
|all images by Lydia Jane
(side note for the initiated: of course our daughter's birth was the most beautiful day in my life, but I was also not at my most comfortable, and also not drinking signature lavendar whiskey cocktails, wink wink wokka wokka)
*all images by Lydia Jane
Thursday, September 12, 2013
this year
First, allow me to thank you for visiting my site. I haven't posted in a very long time, and I thought since there are still a good number of visitors to this site, I should let you know why it's been so quiet.
One year ago, we moved to the country. We gained a lot of interior space, and a lot of trees and land and projects and new roofs and new friends and new potential and new inspiration and new new new.
I have a huge studio now, and with that came an overwhelming need to change everything. I became sick of the illustrations I am known for. I felt like I wanted to go BIG with something, like all these years I have been waiting to go BIG and do more and be better, and now I have the space to do so.
But then the oh-my-god-what-do-i-do-now settled in and after a months-long battle, I have a pile of paintings and drawings and ideas and...nothing. It turns out that when given the opportunity to anything I wanted, I did everything I wanted. I drew and painted anything that came to mind, whatever I felt like doing that day, knowing it is part of the larger process and that at some magic moment somewhere I would set the brush down and say "AHA!"
Friends, I am here to tell you that has not happened.
I still have a lot of work to do. I am working on new techniques and new media and new themes and new new new. I am working on re-branding, a new website, and once all of that is in order I will be launching my new line for direct sales and wholesale.
Did I mention I also got married just about two months ago? We moved, planned and executed our awesome wedding, and are currently getting a whole new roof (plus all the fun surprises that come with that). I am at once inspired, thrilled, and overwhelmed. Please continue to bear with me as I work out all this newness. I am so excited about the future of my work, and once I have my magic moment, I will be back to tell you all about it.
(images above are part of the new working process. I would love your feedback.)
Sunday, March 10, 2013
I don't visit this space very often any more. If you want to see what I'm up to, please visit:
my tumblr
my etsy shop
my pinterest
my tumblr
my etsy shop
my pinterest
Wednesday, January 30, 2013
land of nod
Last year I was contacted by someone at Land of Nod to design some bedding for boys using my Sea Life series. It's finally here!
I can't believe it! My hope is that this is the first partnership of many like this. I am so thrilled to see my work applied in this way - I hope you like it too!
Check out the full collection at Land of Nod.
Friday, January 11, 2013
My new new new Valentine's Day cards are available now!
Get 'em while they're hot.
Thursday, January 10, 2013
Valentines Day 2013
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)


text:
Join the Mailing List
View Printer Friendly Version
Email Article to Friend
happy christmas to you guys too!thanks for the brilliant concert at the indigo2on the 14th december!!adam
Saw you guys at the final night of the 2012 tour - UEA - and what a FANTASTIC show. Hope to see you again in the 2013(?) but in the meantime have a brilliant Christmas and New Year.
Was at Norwich, thanks Guys it was a "Fantastic Place"
Steve and Ann
Any U.S. tour dates in 2013? We're waiting for you in Cleveland.
Notify me of follow-up comments via email.


text:
Search for
an Activity
Don't miss any of our great activities
Are you a Provider or Professional? Register below
Already a member?
RT @Peoples_health: Looking for local funding? http://t.co/S2Zh63VPUn Check out #ActiveCommunities now!
Jul 28, 2015 via twitter
RT @KIDScharity: People up and down the country are raising money for #disabled children and young people. Join them too! http://t.co/WBwrI…
Jul 28, 2015 via twitter
The hangout club is a great place to relax, chill, make friends and have fun. https://t.co/7yKOszLnEp https://t.co/7yKOszLnEp
Jul 23, 2015 via twitter
RT @CarersTrust: Did you know that 30% of #carers don't get a break of any kind? Support them by hosting @bestbrekkie this September http:/…
Jul 22, 2015 via twitter
RT @_A4C_: If you are interested in getting involved with our disabled user forum to help shape @NewWolsey access offer for the future get …
Jul 22, 2015 via twitter
What we do
Activities Unlimited is a hub of support situated at Hill View Business Park in Claydon and includes social work and family practitioners, a project management team, experts in data collection and communication, and business support staff. Together they have a wealth of knowledge about the range of services that are available to disabled children and young people and their families; and of course everything we provide in Activities Unlimited.
We do our best to ensure that families enrolling with Activities Unlimited and completing the on line assessment of their disabled child or young person support needs, receive a service that is timely and responsive. We recognise that short breaks and respite from a caring role are a priority for families and should be delivered as part of a broader package of family support services. We also work hard to provide exciting leisure activities for all our disabled children and young people, and the promotion of family unity is at the very heart of our work.
Play games and have fun with the AU characters.
Kick back, relax and have fun with your friends.
Recently added activities
Wed 26 Aug 15, , £150.00
The Wardens Charitable Trust Ness House Sizewell Suffolk IP16 4UB
Tue 4 Aug 15, 12:30 pm , £12.50
Stowmarket and area opportunity group. Chilton Fields, Stowmarket
Stowmarket & Area Opportunity Group - The hangout club
Stowmarket and Area Opportunity Group
Performing Arts Summer School for young children aged 4 to 7
Mon 10 Aug 15, 11:30 am
The Scout Hut (behind the village Hall), Hall Street, LONG MELFORD, Sudbury CO10 9JG


text:
Louis Oosthuizen won the 2010 British Open by seven strokes on Sunday. His score of -16 is the best since Tiger Woods shot -18 in the 1997 Masters.
Oosthuizen's performance was the best performance I've ever watched. He pelted the ball right down the middle of the fairway, even in gusty winds.
He was an unknown before he won the British Open. Now, he is known all around South Africa, to Britain, to the United States.
Oosthuizen, a native South African, won the Open on Nelson Mandella's birthday. He brought back South Africa into the spotlight right after the FIFA World Cup ended a week earlier.
Could this be the start of dominance in the PGA by Louis Oosthuizen? By the way he performed this week, I can see him winning more tournaments in the near future.
Think how good he will be when the wind is actually calm and not gusting up to 40 miles per hour. If Tiger Woods and Phil Mickelson keep taking steps back and not winning any tournaments, Oosthuizen can easily take over the PGA for the rest of the year.
The upcoming tournaments like the Bob Hope classic I see him winning a lot these tournaments if he can play up to his potential like he did at St. Andrews to win on Sunday. Here are the upcoming PGA tournament events coming up.
RBC Canadian Open
SBS Championship
Sony Open in Hawaii
Bob Hope Classic
Farmers Insurance Open
All five of those events Oosthuizen could win, but let's be real he might win one, maybe two of the upcoming five tournaments.
He has a great chance at the age of 27 to have a lot of success in the PGA for years to come. I think he could eventually be number one in the world if he keeps on winning.
Some people, even me didn't know who Louis Oosthuizen was before the British Open started. Now, with him winning in gusty Scotish winds at St. Andrews, I see him winning two or more PGA tournaments before the season is over.


text:
Find hotels in Milan using the list and search tools below. Find discounted hotel accommodations in or close to Milan, IN for your personal leisure or group travel. We show the best Milan, Indiana motel and hotel rooms. Browse the Milan area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Milan hotels.
Milan Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
Next 20 Milan Hotels > [1 - 20 of 50]
Next: See My Milan Hotels with Pricing >


text:
|« Back to Article
Student fighting student ID rule appeals to higher court
By Francisco Vara-Orta : January 10, 2013 : Updated: January 10, 2013 6:44pm
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
Steven Hernandez (left) the father of NISD student Andrea Hernandez (left), along with son Vinson, 13, shows off the RFID equiped student ID in front of the San Antonio Federal Courthouse prior to a hearing Monday morning. Hernandez is fighting NISD to get a chip-less badge for his daughter.
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
Steven Hernandez shows off the NISD student ID containing an RFID chip that daughter Andrea has refused to where.
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
Andrea Hernandez shows off the NISD RFID-equipped student ID that is in dispute prior to a federal hearing on the matter Monday morning.
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
NISD Superintendent Dr. Brian Woods enters the federal courthouse with district attorney Craig Wood for a hearing on the RFID-equpped student ID belonging to Andrea Hernandez.
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
NISD Superintendent Dr. Brian Woods enters the federal courthouse for a hearing on the RFID-equpped student ID belonging to Andrea Hernandez.
Photo By Robin Jerstad/For the Express-Ne
Andrea Hernandez listens to hear father, Steven, prior to a hearing in federal court concerning and RFID chip in her student ID.
More Information
Last month's hearing on the case
Attorneys for the Rutherford Institute on Thursday filed an appeal to the Fifth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans on behalf of a John Jay High school student who refuses to wear a student ID badge to protest Northside Independent School District's radio frequency tracking system.
A federal judge ruled Tuesday that Northside can transfer Andrea Hernandez, 15, from her magnet school, rejecting a lawsuit brought by her and her father, Steven Hernandez. They have argued that the tracking system violates her constitutional rights and religious beliefs and have testified they consider the badges to be the "mark of the beast" described in the biblical book of Revelation.
The Rutherford Institute is a Virginia-based nonprofit civil liberties organization.
The appeal asks that Andrea be permitted to continue attending the science and engineering magnet school at Jay until the case is decided.
The badges contain a chip used to track students' on-campus whereabouts, but Northside ISD officials had offered to let her wear it without the chip and reassigned her to Taft High School, her regular neighborhood school, when she refused.
The district estimates its legal bill in the case will be in the tens of thousands of dollars, a cost that will be borne by Northside ISD taxpayers. A district official said it will pursue recovering those costs from the plaintiff.
The district has been testing a "radio frequency identification," or RFID, tracking system at Jones Middle School and Jay, with a combined 4,200 students.
State education funding is partly based on attendance and the technology allows the schools to identify students who are on campus but missed roll call. It it generates significant income the district might decide to install it at all 112 of its campuses.
Twitter: @fvaraorta


text:
Last weekend, Dallan and I were watching Foodnetwork when we spotted a Gruyere, Ham and Granny Smith Apple Panini. It was craving at first sight. I HAD to have a Gruyere and Granny Smith Panini in my mouth (yesterday), so I drove down to Fresh & Easy and purchased some Panini Fixin's. Thyme, check. French Bread, check. Apples, check. Gruyere Cheese, check. Ham (for Dallan), check. Is this list going on forever?, check.
The sandwich lived up to my expectations and, unfortunately, I have craved it every day this week. Drat! Give this recipe a try and tell me you don't crave it too.
- 1 Tablespoon Unsalted Butter
- 1-2 Granny Smith Apples: peeled, cored and cut in to 1/4 inch thick slices (I only use one apple and it is more than enough for 2 sandwiches)
- 1/2-1 Tablespoon chopped fresh thyme leaves
- French Bread: cut into 1/2 inch thick slices
- Gruyere Cheese (shred 1-2 cups or cut into thin slices)
- Whole Grain or Dijon Mustard (Optional)
- 4-8 Slices of good Ham (Optional)
- Panini Press (if you don't have a Panini Press then make these Grilled Cheese style)
In a 12-inch skillet, melt the butter over medium heat. Add the apple slices and thyme. Cook, stirring occasionally, until the apples are slightly soft, about 4 minutes. (SIDE NOTE: I kept my apples slightly undercooked because I wanted them on the bitter/crispier side)
Preheat a panini press (Medium Heat). Spread each bread slice with mustard. Place cheese on one slice of bread, top with apple mixture and ham (I left the ham off and it was still delicious). Cover with the remaining slice of bread. Grill in the panini press until the cheese has melted and the tops are golden and crispy, about 5 to 6 minutes.


text:
FORT WAYNE — Fresh off of a seventh-place shot put finish at the Indiana State Track and Field Meet, Churubusco senior Austin McClure put an exclamation point on his 2013 season.
McClure came in eighth in the shot put at the Midwest Meet of Champions in Fort Wayne Saturday.
The event draws senior track and field athletes from Indiana, Michigan and Ohio.
Columbia City's girls tennis team applauded its top players recently.
Pictured, from left: Breanna Hicks, Team Captain and Honorable Mention Doubles All-Northeast Hoosier Conference; Alaina Beckner, Honorable Mention Doubles All-NHC; Celine Rongos, Most Valuable Player, Most Matches Won, Coaches Award, 1st-Team All-Conference and All-District; Macie Hinen, Mental Attitude and 2nd-Team All-NHC; and Sydney Ford, Most Improved and 2nd-Team All-NHC.
Blane Culp, Columbia City High School wrestling coach, won the wing class at Miami County Speedway in Peru last weekend.
Columbia City's girls softball team held its awards ceremony June 6.
Award winners, pictured from left: Emily Gangwer, Defense and 1st-Team All-Northeast Hoosier Conference; Brey Ousley, Mental Attitude; Hannah Schnorr, Most Valuable Player and 1st-Team All-NHC; Amanda Sands, Most Improved and 2nd-Team All-NHC; Krystin VanHouten, Pitching Award.
Not Pictured: Allie Vodde, Offense Award; Misty Hyndman, Coaches Award.
Columbia City's girls basketball team held its youth camp in May.
Pictured are fourth and fifth graders who participated in the camp.
Front row, from left: Arissa Cody, Emma Souders, Riley Bunyan, Carly Mabie, Heidi Bolinger and Katie Hoag.
Second row: Ally Willson, Jada Conrad, Grace Schrader, Emma Nicodemus, Rebecca Kessler and Kendall Scott.
Third row: Shawna Hall, Brayden Lickey, Adrienne Klefeker, Olivia Shearer, Gabby Fry, Madison Whaley, Ashleigh Bechtold, Brianna Eiler and Kendall Longenbaugh.
Pictured are first through third graders who participated in the camp.
See Thursday's edition of The Post & Mail for a photo of fourth- and fifth-grade campers.
Front row, from left: Kennedy Hickey, Megan Baxter, Kendra Sheets, Addison Baxter, Kelsey Snider, Cierra Wissler, Sydney Moore and Jada Van Houten.
Second row: Natalie Brower, Kela Dillon, Mackenzie Mabie, Melissa McCoy, Skyler Ewing, Hannah Harris, Mikaela Austin and Katie Bolinger.
COLUMBIA CITY — Columbia City High School and five other schools welcomed two new compatriots to a new conference that will begin play in two years.
Huntington North and Leo will join Columbia City and five other schools: Bellmont, DeKalb, East Noble, New Haven and Norwell in a new, yet-unnamed conference that will commence competition in the fall of 2015.
Until that time, the six Northeast Hoosier Conference (NHC) schools will play out the final two years of that conference with Carroll and Homestead.
Columbia City's girls track team held its awards banquet recently.
Pictured, front row form left: Regan Decker, Mental Attitude Award; Kalisha Goree, Most Outstanding Track Athlete and Hannah Wappas, Rookie of the Year.
Back row: Megan Deutsch, Most Improved Field Event and Coaches Award; Marissa Evilsizer, Most Improved Runner; Samantha Roush, Most Valuable Runner and Carlee Hearld, Most Valuable Field Event.
Churubusco senior trackster Connor Hogeston signed to run track for Indiana Tech Thursday afternoon.
With Hogeston (center) are his parents, Kermit (left) and Shonda (right) Hogeston, and Churubusco Track and Field Head Coach Zach Dock (standing).
Hogeston expects to run long-distance events for the Warriors.
COLUMBIA CITY — Since the mutual withdrawal of all eight schools from the Northeast Hoosier Conference, several schools have been working together to form a new conference.
Columbia City, Bellmont, DeKalb, East Noble, New Haven and Norwell heard presentations from several area schools in regards to forming a new conference.
According to a press release from Norwell High School, officials mulled academics, location, demographics and strength of competition in their selection process.


text:
0 User Responses
This use to be a nice place to live but the last few years this place has gone downhill since the charaties have been dumping foreigners here. I've been here over 2 years now and we have had issues with ROACHES, MICE and NOISY NEIGHBORS. We can't wait to move out when our lease is up!!!
Nearby Apartments
- 89%
Castle Ridge Apartments850 Baldwin Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15234 16 Reviews
- 100%
Hoodridge Hall444 Hoodridge Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15234 1 Reviews
- 100%
Hoodridge Terrace Apartments405 Hoodridge Drive, Castle Shannon, PA 15234 3 Reviews


text:
LJ Peak, a 2014 sensation from Gaffney High School in South Carolina, completed perhaps the Dunk of the Year when he put 6'9 And1 Star "Da Aggressor" on the wrong end of a poster.
ScoutsFocus showcases top basketball players and stories from around the United States and the world.
Discover the best in original web series.
© 2014 Blip Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Blip is part of Maker Studios


text:
Register now for free, or sign in with any of these services:
Yes, the show will be live, at Keller Auditorium, April 28.
Were you watching it on Comcast's High-Definition AMC channel? That carries AMC programming 3 hours earlier than the standard AMC channel. On the High-Def channel, it started at 6 and ran to 8, and then ran again directly after that. On the standard AMC channel, it started at 9 p.m.
Oh well, then, if you're going to use that kind of unassailable logic, sophisticated reasoning and rhetorical acuity, I have no choice but to agree with you, right?
Nah, I don't agree with you.
Yep that was all good stuff, too. What's with the women behaving like Lady Macbeth? First Lori, then Carol...
Nope. I'm camera-shy. I happen to think that after a hit-or-miss first season, "Portlandia" has been consistently clever this season. Is it always laugh-out-loud funny? No, but I don't think that's necessarily the tone they're going for. I also happened to like Ben Stiller's show, but I don't see what that has to do with "Portlandia."
That was my first thought, too. But the more we learned about Sir Richard, the more I wondered if he might have had a hand in it somehow. He had always seemed arrogant, but as season 2 wore on, he seemed a bit twisted, as well.
Noooooo! How was it?
Hi there -- I know they filmed at downtown's Skidmore Fountain;and the parking lot of the Oregon Leather Co., on 110 N.W. Second Ave.; NW 18th and Upshur was also a location, but I'm not quite sure which scene shot there. Maybe it was the traffic accident site? I didn't recognize the restaurant where Nick, Juliette and the street eats ate, either. Anybody else know?
One other detail: the version posted here was from an earlier version of the story, which didn't reflect the edited story that appears in today's paper. The reference to Emerson volunteering is in the story that's in the paper, so I have made that change in this version. Thanks.
Thanks for the comment. To clarify: Emerson himself uses the 25 years phrase, and it refers to him getting his start volunteering at age 14 at a radio station in his hometown. He was working at that age, even though he didn't start getting paid until a bit later. He turns 39 in March.
Thanks to Novel1 for your kind words. In fact, I am a fan of "Grimm," have enjoyed it so far and have expressed that opinion in other recaps of the show. The fact that I like it made me disappointed that "Game Ogre" wasn't a particularly strong outing. In my view, "Grimm" works best when it balances its police procedural/supernatural elements a bit better. There were too many moments of "Game Ogre" that felt like any of the other police procedurals on TV these days.
And I confess I don't see the connection between having criticisms of an episode of "Grimm" and not having pride in Portland.
Oh, I missed the "Tat's" bit. Thanks for the catch!
Thanks for the comment. You're entitled to your opinion. But as I said, Emerson does have a solid core group of fans, who are sorry to see him go. I used the "television" tag for convenience, because we don't have a separate radio/broadcasting/podcasting category.
Further demonstrating that I can't seem to forget old episodes of "The X-Files," there was a toad licker in that, too. For more on toad-licking (I can't believe I just typed that) there's this: http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/ToadLicking
Good questions. You'd think if you'd seen someone trying to kill your aunt, you might be curious as to why, indeed.
As I was just saying in another comment, I agree this season of "Community" hasn't been up to its past best. But there are still enough moments of originality and cleverness to keep me watching -- and hoping things click into place. But now the clock's really ticking on that particular hope.
I applaud your comprehensiveness! I agree, "Community" can be hard to get into; I didn't start watching until last season, then I went back and watched all of season one and any episodes I missed. I have to admit this season hasn't been up to the series at its best, but "Remedial Chaos Theory" (the one with the alternate timelines) was, in my opinion anyway, brilliant.
And yes, I agree "30 Rock" is past its peak, also; Alec Baldwin is a joy to watch in the role, but the rest of the characters haven't developed one iota, which I suppose is the point, since it's so insistently anti-traditional sitcom conventions. "Community" is too, but though they've never begged us to like its characters, I like 'em anyway.
I still haven't warmed up to Maria Bello's hat.
And it is nice to catch up with shows via On Demand, too, where the commercials are minimal, if maddeningly repetitious.
Thanks for your comment!
David Turin told me he went up early to help set up the operation, and spend the summer filming. I think there are some surprises in store in the show about where exactly they wind up.
According to the KPTV schedule, it's supposed to be over at 8 p.m. But it could go into extra innings. It's definitely more of an issue for people in Eastern and Central time zones.
Greetings from Portland to Jersey -- Thanks for the comment. And yes, the Oregonian and the Star Ledger are both owned by the same company, Advance publications.


text:
It will be Broncos vs. Seahawks in Super Bowl XLVIII. Here are five reasons why it's a compelling matchup.
1. Peyton Manning can finish his quest to win a second Super Bowl.
He is already an all-time great quarterback. But at age 37, this might be Manning's last chance to win a Super Bowl, after overcoming a career-threatening neck injury that forced him to miss an entire season in 2011. Manning is one step from being back on top. He will be the dominant figure heading into this game.
[RELATED: Peyton Manning beats Tom Brady to go to Super Bowl]
2. Seattle's secondary will love the challenge of facing Manning.
Denver's offense is capable of exploding at any time, with Manning throwing pinpoint passes to Demaryius Thomas, Eric Decker, Wes Welker, and tight end Julius Thomas. However, the Seahawks secondary of Richard Sherman, Earl Thomas, Cam Chancellor, and Byron Maxwell is the best in the NFL. Those guys love to talk, especially Sherman. He should provide some memorable quotes during Super Bowl week. Once the game starts, Manning attacking Seattle's defense will be a high-stakes chess match.
3. The weather could be a factor.
This Super Bowl will be played outdoors at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. Some think a Super Bowl in the New York metropolitan area is a great idea. Others think it's a major mistake. Get ready to be inundated with weather reports, especially if snow or bitter cold is in the forecast for Super Bowl Sunday.
4. This is a fresh matchup.
The Seahawks and Broncos have never met in the playoffs, and they did not play this season. That only adds to the mystery of what type of game to expect. How Seahawks quarterback Russell Wilson react, playing in a Super Bowl in just his second season? What happens when Seahawks running back Marshawn Lynch collides with Broncos defensive tackle Terrance "Pot Roast" Knighton? We are about to find out
[RELATED: Seahawks come back to beat 49ers]
5. Both teams were No. 1 seeds heading into the playoffs.
This is the first Super Bowl matchup between No. 1 seeds in four years, since the Saints beat the Colts in Super Bowl XLIV. The Seahawks and Broncos have been heavyweights all season. It's fitting that they will clash for football's ultimate prize.


text:
Lett's Set A Spell
Aunt Gladys, who lived with Grandpa (Puzie Lett) in the old home place, was an expert on planting flowers, and their yard always looked like a showcase. She imparted knowledge about how the Moon in a particular phase and in a specific sign guided farmers and gardeners in the science of sowing seeds and setting out various plants.
Like generations before them, country folk in the Buckhorn community watched carefully the moon's monthly rotation in the heavens and considered this celestial companion a divine indicator of the seasons for growth. Grandpa planted and cultivated his crops in line with the moon's position and was rewarded with many healthy and bountiful harvests.
Everyone knew that the new moon's appearance in the spring meant it was time to sow seeds that grew plants above the ground like tomatoes, cucumbers, peas and green beans. The two-week period between the new moon and the full moon is called the waxing phase. Grandpa said the first week is especially good for planting crops that have their seeds on the outside, such as cabbage, broccoli, celery and spinach. The second week is best for crops that produce seeds on the inside, like peppers, tomatoes, peaches, cucumbers and melons. Since the moon is growing in size and brightness, this time is known as "the light of the moon."
When the full moon arrived, farmers' thoughts turned to setting out plants that grew beneath the ground. From the full moon to the next new moon – the waning phase of the moon – Grandpa and the family planted root crops such as potatoes, onions, carrots, beets, rutabagas and peanuts. When the moon is getting smaller, it is known as "the dark of the moon," and this time is also right for planting perennials, biennials and other plants that produce from the same roots every year, including trees and shrubs. Both the waxing and waning phases last approximately 14 days each since the lunar cycle is a little longer than 28 days.
THE MOON PASSES through each sign every month and has an effect on people's health, according to Aunt Gladys and many moon watchers.
These ideas are from Aunt Gladys and The Farmer's Almanac:
Moon in ARIES affects the head and the face, and these parts of the body are vulnerable so folks should not have dental work or brain surgery during this time.
Moon in TAURUS rules the throat and neck so people are more likely to have a sore throat and can benefit from using remedies to treat the thyroid and ailments like a goiter.
Moon in GEMINI influences the arms, hands and lungs, and folks are more likely to have ailments in these areas.
Moon in CANCER can cause the breasts and chests to be subject to tenderness, and the stomach is vulnerable.
Moon in LEO calls for healing of the upper back, spine and heart.
Moon in VIRGO is the best time for treating ailments related to the intestines and nervous system.
Moon in LIBRA is when the lower back and kidneys are more likely to experience pain and discomfort.
Moon in SCORPIO is often the weakest period for the "private parts," Gladys' term for the reproductive organs.
Moon in SAGITTARIUS indicates that the liver and thighs are more likely to have problems.
Moon in CAPRICORN affects the knees, bones, teeth, skin. "It's a good time for weaning babies," Gladys noted.
Moon in AQUARIUS is the time of the month when the calves, ankles and blood could use the most attention. "This is when we are most likely to have cramps and pains in our legs," she said.
Moon in PISCES presents a tendency for the feet to be cold and to experience more arthritic pain.
Aunt Gladys consulted the The Farmer's Almanac daily to see where the moon was located. She said that through the years the Lett family and friends kept track of the moon's movement in the sky and knew what areas of the body were affected every day. "These theories are true – they have stood the test of time," she said.
AlexSandra Lett is a professional speaker and the author of "Natural Living, From Stress to Rest;" "A Timeless Place, Lett's Set a Spell at the Country Store;" "Timeless Moons, Seasons of the Fields and Matters of the Heart;" "Timeless Recipes and Remedies, Country Cooking, Customs, and Cures;" and "Coming Home to my Country Heart, Timeless Reflections about Work, Family, Health, and Spirit." Lett can be reached at (919) 258-9299 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Our team's background spans a number of fields, including public health, economics, urban planning, and health administration.
We partner with our clients to help assess the impact of community investments and figure out what works to improve health.
With broad expertise in evaluation methods and experience in a wide range of health issues, CCHE combines rigor with practicality.
The Specialty Care Initiative (SCI) funded California coalitions to improve vulnerable populations' access to specialty care. CCHE's five-year evaluation found this approach built and strengthened relationships among safety net providers and increased the availability of specialty care appointments.
CCHE team members get ready to clean up trash along a stretch of sidewalks in our office neighborhood as part of the city's Adopt-A-Street program.
Contact email@example.com 206-287-2035


text:
Race Car Vehicle Dynamics
10 1/4 in. x 7 1/4 in.
Race Car Vehicle Dynamics
Written for the engineer as well as the race car enthusiast, Race Car Vehicle Dynamics is a comprehensive book on the fundamental concepts of vehicle dynamics and their application in a racing environment. Much of the information included is not available in any other vehicle dynamics text. Although the book's primary focus is the race car, the engineering fundamentals it details are also applicable to passenger car design and engineering.
Race Car Vehicle Dynamics Table of Contents
1 The Problem Imposed By Racing
2 Tire Behavior
3 Aerodynamic Fundamentals
4 Vehicle Axis Systems
5 Simplified Steady-State Stability and Control
6 Simplified Transient Stability and Control
7 Steady-State Pair Analysis
8 Force-Moment Analysis
9 "g-g" Diagram
10 Race Car Design
11 Testing and Development
12 Chassis Set-up
13 Historical Note on Vehicle Dynamics Development
14 Tire Data Treatment
15 Applied Aerodynamics
16 Ride and Roll Rates
17 Suspension Geometry
18 Wheel Loads
19 Steering Systems
20 Driving and Braking
21 Suspension Springs
22 Dampers
23 Compliances
Permalink: http://www.bentleypublishers.com/c/H692


text:
Dave Zirin: Sports bears a very specific responsibility to take this struggle on. No other institution reaches more men and no other institution plays a greater role in teaching boys how to define their own manhood and masculinity.
We Are the People of the Year
Rand Paul's Retro America
Tom Degan: Coming out as he did against the one of the main purposes of the Civil Rights Act was not a stupid gaffe on the part of Rand Paul – it was a decided political calculation. He wants and needs the racist vote, and he has every intention of getting it. Are there enough bigots in that state to put him over the top? Being an ancestor of Kentucky, I sure as hell hope not.
Mitch: Plutocracy's Patsy
Tom Degan: I have spent enough time in Kentucky to know that it is chock full of good, decent, and honorable citizens. Knowing this as I do, another perplexing question forces itself on my consciousness: Why would such wonderful and lovely people consistently send a flaming jerk like Mitch McConnell to represent them in Washington? It just doesn't make any sense!