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Sagan winsstage, Impeykeeps leadThe Associated Press | July 06,2013AP PHOTO
Stage winner Peter Sagan of Slovakia celebrates on the podium after the seventh stage of the Tour de France on Friday.ALBI, France Slovakias Peter Sagan won the hilly seventh stage of the Tour de France in a sprint finish Friday while South Africas Daryl Impey kept the yellow jersey for another day before the race heads into the daunting Pyrenees.
Sagan held off John Degenkolb of Germany to capture his first stage victory in this years Tour, taking a big lead in his bid to defend the green jersey as top sprinter. Italys Daniele Bennati finished the stage in third.
I have to say my team did all the work today, they did an incredible job, Sagan said through a translator. They showed that they are perfectly capable.
Sagan leads Germanys Andre Greipel in the sprinters race and is way ahead of archrival Mark Cavendish the 2011 green jersey winner who was dropped on the days toughest climb.
The idea was to get a few points today, and I admit I got a few more than I thought I would, Sagan said.
Cavendish wilted on the ascent up Col de la Croix de Mounis.
Half the peloton were dropped on that climb, Cavendish said. It was not a good day for us. It was really difficult.
He rolled in more than 40 minutes behind Sagan, who is also an able climber and projected by five-time Tour winner Bernard Hinault to become an overall contender providing he sheds some of his sprinters bulk and trims down.
Impey began the day as the first South African to wear the yellow jersey, but he will likely relinquish it after Saturdays first of two difficult days of climbing in the high mountains of the Pyrenees.
Im not going to lie to you. Im not used to being in this situation, Impey said. A lot of the radio stations and Internet sites had put out a thing today to show support for me. It was called `Impeys Yellow Friday where a lot of people today actually wore something yellow for me.
That was a great response from South Africa, he added. Then there was a song they were playing on the radio. Its `Impi by Johnny Clegg.
He leads Norwegian sprinter Edvald Boasson Hagen by three seconds overall and his Orica Greenedge teammate Simon Gerrans by five.
None is considered a serious Tour challenger, but Impey was desperate to keep the jersey a little longer.
An opportunity like this doesnt come often. We knew today was probably our last chance, he said. There was a moment on the second climb when the pressure was on but we handled it well.
The average speed picked up considerably in the fourth hour, jumping up to nearly 30 mph in temperatures again above 90 degrees for the 128-mile trek from Montpellier to Albi.
In fact, there has hardly been a drop of rain so far perhaps unsurprising given that the race started on the picturesque island of Corsica before jumping over to Nice on the French riviera, and then down to Marseille and Montpellier.
Veteran American rider Christian Vande Velde pulled out after being caught up in an early crash one of several that have marred a nervy start to the 100th edition of the showcase race.
There have been several multirider crashes in what has been a nervy Tour.
On the first stage, there was a big crash close to the end after Tour organizers caused anxiety in the peloton by changing the designated finish line because a team bus was stuck on the line.
The fifth stage featured two separate crashes, the second right on the finish line, and the sixth claimed Cavendish among the fallen.
Early into stage 7, German veteran Jens Voigt got into an early breakaway. But any dreams the 41-year-old Voigt had of becoming the oldest stage winner since Pino Cerami in 1963 melted in the sun.
Race favorites like Chris Froome and Alberto Contador are likely to attack Saturday up the famed Col de Pailheres, which winds upward for 9 tortuous miles at a gradient of eight percent.
Im definitely looking forward to the Pyrenees. I think it will help the race to settle down a lot, Froome said. Its been quite a stressful first week.MORE IN Wire SportsFLORHAM PARK, N.J. Calvin Pace cant stand training camp. Full StoryBOSTON James Loney knows it always feels better having a lucky hit at the right time. Full StoryRIO DE JANEIRO Its not a good idea to give Ronda Rousey some extra motivation. Full Story
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Audra Page made a penny-wise decision to start her education at a community college before transferring to Texas State University-San Marcos, but her attempt to finesse an expensive higher education system ended up more frustrating than frugal.
More than half of all college students in Texas are enrolled at community colleges, but the transfer rate to four-year universities is a dismal 28 percent.
Part of the problem, higher education officials say, is the massive tangle of rules — called articulation agreements — that outline how courses transfer and count toward degrees.
Dominic Chavez, spokesman for the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, said there are "literally thousands and thousands" of articulation agreements between the state's 50 community college districts and 38 public universities. The state doesn't require or monitor the agreements, which often vary for each school and degree plan, he said.

subset: commoncrawl


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June 7, 2013
Pictured at right: Maria, left, and Quinn Roth releasing their monarch butterflies in Melissa Penfield Park in Plattsburgh.
Stories this photo appears in:
Monarchs released for hospice
On Saturday, June 1, dozens of people released 132 monarch butterflies in Melissa Penfield Park in Plattsburgh to celebrate spring, happiness, and the delicate balance between life and death.
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Hello everyone!
After long thought I decided to close my society6 store and open in Design by humans. Go check it out! The items are relatively cheaper than redubble but only selling art print/phone case/clothing so far. I'm sure they will add more selection in the future. More stuff will be upload, stay tuned!
Thank you for your all support.
You can also follow my tumblr/behance.


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The Fairest of the Fair pageant at the Appalachian Fair may keep with the tradition of evening gowns and tiaras, but it's also about teaching young women important life skills.
Kimela Williams, director of this year's Fairest of the Fair, said the pageant — scheduled to take place on the Museum Stage at the fairgrounds Monday at 8 p.m. — requires a lot of dedication to enter. She said by turning in an application, the girls, ages 16-20 years old, are committing to being present and available throughout the duration of the fair if crowned as the next Miss Appalachian Fair.
"The way we explain it to our young ladies is it's just like any other job that you're applying for," Williams said. "It's a very big responsibility and a big title, because they are the face and they represent the Appalachian Fair."
According to the Appalachian Fair website, the girls must also pay a $50 non-refundable entry fee and be sponsored by a civic organization or business firm to enter the competition.
She said after all of the applications are in, the girls must also participate in two practices and a run-through of the show.
"What we normally do is we go through the whole thing, we read all the bio's. We do everything," Williams said. "Then we actually have a class on interviews. We have a panel of three judges, one male and two female judges. The judges will sit down with them and we do a four-minute interview. This is their time to get to know the judges on a personal basis. We want to make sure those girls know how to sit, how to speak, how to answer questions. Most people just think it's just a beauty pageant, but the way we look at it is we're trying to teach girls ... future skills."
She said choosing a girl that can fully represent all aspects of the Appalachian Fair is very important.
"All week long she'll be walking around in her crown, signing autographs, getting to know people, answering questions, just mingling with all the ... people (who) come to the fair," Williams said. "We want to make sure that we have a young lady that can represent us well, because whether ... she's meeting an entertainer or whether she's having a picture made with a young girl ... we want to make sure that it's someone (who) is well-rounded."
She said this year's group of 14 contestants, all from the area and surrounding counties, will have their Fairest of the Fair interviews at 2 p.m. today at Gray United Methodist Church.
Susan Painter, former director of the pageant, said the interview score from today is carried over into Monday night's overall score, which will include an evening gown competition.
"After those two scores are tallied, then the five girls that have the highest scores, they get called out and they will answer an on-stage question," Painter said. "From there, those Top 5 will know that they have placed or either won."
She said the Fairest of the Fair competition used to be held on the Main Stage at the Appalachian Fair and said there used to be numerous girls competing.
"When I first started doing it ... I had over 40 girls in the pageant and it was not intimate at all. You just handed them a number, had their pictures made," Painter said. "It was hard."
She said she has since seen the number of contestants decrease.
"The amount of girls (competing) has gone down," Painter said. I really don't know what has caused the amount of contestants (to go down), but we have a great quality of girls that come through. It's still a good pageant. It's always the first night of the fair. We always have a good show of people, a full crowd. We've had some really excellent girls to represent every year."
Hannah Everhart is the reigning Miss Appalachian Fair.
"I'm going to be sad that my reign is over," she said, "but I'm also going to be very excited for the next girl because I know what she's going to be doing. I know what she has to look forward to, so I'm going to be excited for her. It's been one of the best experiences of my life so far."
She said entering last year's pageant was one of the many things she had written down on her bucket list of things to do in life. Everhart said as shocked as she was to make it into last year's Top 5, being crowned as the contest's winner was a complete surprise.
"I just kind of stood there," she said. "It took a second to sink in that they were about to call my name and then when they did, I still just kind of stood there in awe."
Everhart said she's enjoyed her experience as Miss Appalachian Fair and said the best advice she can give to this year's competitors is to just be unique.
"Be unique because ... you'll hear advice coming from every direction. I hunt (and) I was not afraid to tell them that in an interview," she said. "Being yourself is kind of the key to everything, because you may have something to offer that another girl does not."
The next Miss Appalachian Fair will go on to the state competition in Nashville in January, according to the fair website.
For more information on the competition or the fair, visit www.appalachianfair.com.


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DistribuCare links together health integration from Carousel Industries, case-load management software from NuPhysicia and enterprise videoconferencing capabilities from Polycom.
Juniper Bulks Up Service Provider Portfolio With WANDL AcquisitionJuniper Networks is set to acquire WANDL, a New Jersey-based maker of network visibility and management software for service providers.
The 10 Biggest Telco Stories Of 2013The telecom industry was bustling with M&As, cloud offensives and channel gains in 2013. Here's a look back at the 10 biggest telco stories of the year.
Report: Sprint Eyeing T-Mobile MergerRoughly two years after AT&T's proposed $39 billion bid to take over T-Mobile was shot down, Sprint is reportedly eyeing the same move.
Cisco Financial Analyst Day: 9 Tough Questions For CEO Chambers And TeamCisco fielded some tough questions from analysts and investors at its annual financial analyst day. Here's a look at what CEO John Chambers and his team had to say.
The 10 Coolest Networking Startups Of 2013Networking newbies ranging from Big Switch Networks to Insieme made major moves this year. Here are 10 startups that especially captured our attention in 2013.
Cisco Cuts Long-Term Growth Outlook, But Says 'Big Deals Are Back'Cisco Thursday slashes its revenue outlook for the next three to five years, due in part to continued weakness in its service provider and emerging markets business. But U.S. enterprise business continues to be a bright spot.
Juniper Networks Down Another Top Channel ExecJuniper Networks has seen a mass exodus of talent from its channel team over the past several months, with yet another channel executive jumping ship this week.
WTG: VARs Who Ignore Carrier Services Will 'No Question' Lose BusinessWTG CEO Vince Bradley said the company has onboarded nearly 1,200 solution providers over the past two years, as the IT and telecom channels continue to converge.
5 Companies That Came To Win This WeekFor the week ending Dec. 6, CRN looks at IT companies that brought their 'A' game and made moves to beat out competitors.
Head Of AT&T Partner Exchange: 'Our Strategy Is Working'Brooks McCorcle, president of AT&T's Emerging Business Markets division, sat down with CRN this week to talk about the progress with AT&T's new Partner Exchange program. Here's what she had to say.
5 Companies That Had A Rough WeekFor the week ending Nov. 22, CRN looks at IT companies that were unfortunate, unsuccessful or just didn't make good decisions.
CenturyLink Continues Enterprise Cloud Blitz With Tier 3 AcquisitionCenturyLink said Tier 3 products will serve as the foundation for its overall cloud strategy moving forward, and that Tier 3's cloud platform is being rebranded as 'CenturyLink Cloud' starting today.
Partners Still Confident In Cisco Business Despite Wall Street WallopEven as Cisco shares plunged 12 percent Thursday, partners told CRN they remain confident in the networking giant and are seeing growth in their respective Cisco business.
Cisco's Bleak Q2 Outlook Sends Shares PlummetingCisco said its especially light outlook for its second fiscal quarter has to do with the continued weakness it sees in emerging markets and its service provider business.
Juniper Taps Former Verizon CTO As Its New CEOJuniper partners wonder if Shaygan Kheradpir's appointment might mean the company plans to double down on its service provider business.
Juniper Channel Chief Chris Jones Jumps Ship To AvayaJones has been Juniper's vice president of Americas partner sales since April and focused on getting partners to explore cloud and software-defined networking markets.
Partners See Widening Cisco-VMware RiftPartners say the tension is building in the sales trenches between Cisco and VMware as the software-defined networking (SDN) war heats up.
SDN Surge: Cisco To Fully Acquire Insieme NetworksWith Insieme fully in the Cisco fold, Cisco aims to take on VMware and others head on in the software-defined networking space.
IBM Expands ARM Partnership To Include Mobile Chips For Network GearIBM has expanded its licensing agreement with ARM to include custom chips aimed at networking and communications.


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It's also what motivated Wilson to write Evolution for Everyone, a 2007 book that brought the ideas of evolutionary theory to a general audience.
"Evolution is usually taught strictly as a biological subject," said Wilson, distinguished professor of biological sciences. "But it is equally relevant to human affairs, including areas as diverse as religion, economics and literature."
A former Guggenheim fellow, Wilson joined Binghamton University's faculty in 1988. He and his students have since brought an evolutionary perspective to studies of laughter, Binghamton neighborhoods, altruism and selfishness.
A new National Science Foundation grant will allow the EvoS program to serve as a model for a national consortium that will link institutions ranging from major research universities to community colleges in a partnership of programs. The two-year, $300,000 NSF grant is titled "Expanding Evolutionary Studies in American Higher Education."
The consortium will offer students a range of courses that can be taken in parallel with their traditional majors. Taught as a set of unifying principles that cut across subject areas, course topics range from the composition of DNA to the nature of sexual attraction in humans and other species.
"In the future, evolution will be regarded as essential for understanding humanity in addition to life as a whole," Wilson said. "The EvoS consortium will help accomplish the transition sooner rather than later."
Learn more about the EvoS Program and David Sloan Wilson.
Last Updated: 10/14/08


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Vintage Bracelets, Armlets & Cuffs
A collection of unique vintage bridal jewellery. Genuine vintage bracelets, armlets and vintage cuffs, together with handcrafted designs incorporating vintage jewellery pieces sourced from around the world. All our vintage bracelets and cuffs are authentic original vintage, or are created from vintage jewellery pieces, reconstructed and remounted into truly unique vintage wedding accessories. As every design is a "one-off" our collection changes regularly.
Item: VHBR122 SOLD
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Wed November 14, 2012
Down Economy Injures Local Hospitals
By Jim Zarroli
Originally published on Wed November 14, 2012 6:06 am
The health care industry is one of the most reliable sources of new jobs in the country. And in cities that suffer from high unemployment, the local hospital is often the biggest employer still standing. But the downturn in the economy has left some hospitals in perilous financial shape. In Waterbury, Ct,, the biggest hospitals are going through a painful process of outsourcing and layoffs.


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Friday, January 9, 2009
© Copyright 2015 Clayton News Daily
By Curt email@example.com Clayton County Board of Education Chairperson Alieka Anderson does not mind people knowing how much money she makes as a school teacher, and a school board member. Information regarding Anderson's salary as an Atlanta teacher is available to anyone with Internet access. Her board salary will not show up until the fiscal year ending in the spring of 2009, since such information is provided on a fiscal-year basis. The state launched the Open Government: Transparency in Government web site on Jan. 1, so information, such as financial reports, salaries and travel reimbursements, and expenditures for professional services are easily accessible to Georgia residents. The web site can be found at www.open.ga.gov/. For people who want to keep a close eye on their local school officials, they can find their salaries, how money is spent by superintendents, school board members, administrators, teachers and staff members. "We're elected officials," said Anderson. "As long as you're doing your job, you have nothing to worry about. The citizens of Georgia, the citizens of Clayton County, have a right to know how much money you're making. The people are going to want to know what your salary is, anyway, so I don't see a problem with it being out there." State officials lauded the launch of the web site as a step forward for transparency. Much of the web site involves financial records of the state government, such as reports on the state's budgets. It also has program reviews, which evaluate the operations of the Department of Juvenile Justice, and the PeachCare for Kids healthcare program. Residents can also find the salaries and travel reimbursements for employees of local school boards, state colleges and universities; state agencies, boards and commissions, and regional educational service agencies. "The Open Georgia web site makes state government more transparent to its customer, the taxpayer," said Gov. Sonny Perdue in a statement. "By being willing to further open the halls of government to the public, we give citizens more confidence that their tax dollars are being spent wisely." The web site was created through the Transparency In Government Act, which was signed into law by Perdue on May 12, 2008. The act amended the Official Code of Georgia Annotated's Title 50, which deals with state government, "to provide for the creation and maintenance of a web site which provides public access to certain state expenditure information." The Georgia Department of Audits and Accounts is responsible for maintaining the site. Information on the site will be updated on an annual basis. "We have taken a major step toward fully open and easily accessible accounting of how every state tax dollar is spent," said state Sen. Chip Rogers (R-Woodstock), who co-authored the Transparency in Government Act with Sen. Chip Pearson (R-Dawsonville). "The very best way to prevent wasteful government spending is to let those paying the bills see exactly where their money is going." __ On the Net: Open Government: Transparency in Government: http://www.open.ga.gov/
More like this story
- Clayton County web site receives national recognition ( March 24, 2011 )
- Clayton health board launches new web site ( January 14, 2009 )
- Communications gap top issue at BOE forum ( October 10, 2008 )
- Board outspending limit ( August 19, 2003 )
- Henry County web site gets high marks ( November 9, 2010 )


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text: The Titliest CB 714 Irons are successors to the 712 CB irons and due to their popularity then Titleist have just made a few tweaks to the 714 version. The big difference is in the sole that has been improved with a smoother sole width progression and an increase in the camber of the sole in the short irons. This is to help the ball go through the turf better and this works very well indeed. The short irons in particular now feel superb and are one of the best performing irons we have tested for turf interaction this year. The short irons from 8 to P also have a shorter height in the face nearer the hosel of the club. Known as the PAR height this small change is aimed at giving the 714 scoring clubs a more compact shape, but is purely a cosmetic change. Other subtle changes include a straighter leading edge to promote a squarer set up and a blended hosel that reduces the visual appearance of the small offset on the clubs. These are both good improvements for what is a better players iron and they are welcome if minor adjustments. The looks are very clean and understated so they do not appear vastly different from the 712 model, but certainly the performance is better thanks to the sole changes. The longer irons do look compact for their size compared to the Titleist 714 AP2 irons, but I could see a lot of better players blending the 7-iron to P wedge from the CB range into the AP2 set. A lot of elite players may want to blend the CBs with the Titleist 714 MB irons and with the lofts being identical right through the set, this is something Titleist intend players to do. There is fractionally more offset in the 3, 4 and 5 irons and there is also a 2-iron iron available as an extra in the CB model, but not the MB. Overall the Titleist 714 CB irons are a very good cavity back forged iron for better players who like the precision of blades but with a little more forgiveness. Cherry picking the 8-PW irons for an AP2 set would be a great call too.


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|11th October 2011, 07:30 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Apr 2006
Location: Zagreb
|11th October 2011, 09:26 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: Scottish Borders
This argument seems to have been brought about by an english language problem.
Post1104 seems to show Esp knows little and yet post1118 states he agrees with the norm.
But read 1104 again and be kind enough to insert the correct english words into the text and I believe you will see what he meant but did not write.
regards Andrew T.
Sent from my desktop computer using a keyboard
|11th October 2011, 01:04 PM
Sin Bin
Join Date: May 2008
Location: Front Row Center
it's all good............
|11th October 2011, 04:06 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jan 2008
[/QOUTE] Easy Fred, a v-8 cant sound like an V-12 , go for the 4 extra cylinders..[/QUOTE]
Hi Wayne,
If I have the money, why not. I tried matching hFE the other day and out of 20 pairs, I'm lucky enough to come up with 4 pairs. That means, I need hundred pairs or more for a V12 amp. Right now, economy isn't good so I'm just going for what I can afford.
|11th October 2011, 04:23 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: East Coast of South Africa
I do not want to burst anyone's bubble, but matching components is a little rediculous to say the least.
I had a production run with some 100 amps. I decided I wanted one for myself and to match every pair of transistors perfectly at several values of Ic.
After adjusting off-set and bias it was no different from any of the other 99. Listening to it and measuring it made absolutely no difference at all.
I have since matched nothing apart from making sure the same part number is written on them and they come from the same manufacturer.
Maybe there is an insignificant difference if using zero negative feedback, but I doubt it.
Kindest regards
Last edited by Nico Ras; 11th October 2011 at 04:27 PM.
|11th October 2011, 05:36 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Portugal
About this speed of amps question, some precisions.
In open loop, bandwitch and slew rate are correlated. CR introduce a kind of artificial increase of the bandwidth, but cannot do nothing regarding slew rate, witch is the ability of your amp to follow transients (fast changes of amplitude).
To give an image, at an average speed of 60miles/h an old VW will be able to follow a Ferrari between two cities. Never to follow his accelerations keeping the same distance.
When we where in analog world for our audio sources (Vinyls) it was not too much a problem: the bandwidth and the slew rate of the signals where limited in the same time and in a linear and correlated way by the inertia of the mechanical grooving heads and their bandwidth filters. Now, we live in a digital world, and signals from CDs can present slew rate more than ten time higher than a linear source with a 20 000hz sinusoidal limit.
Deigning amps, the good practice is to set each stage speed faster than the one preceding. And to design them for they limit they speed/bandwidth in a linear way. That where Output Fets presents an advantage against bipolar: they are faster, and more linear at high frequencies.
The Current feed back is a way to get better slew rate, with negative feedback, because the correction signal (CR) will not across a slow and non linear input stage, introducing an additional delay before to be subtract to the the original input signal. CR can present high levels at transients, and generate distortion if they are applied in a non linear way. Reason why CR had a bad reputation during some times.
Cascodes are too good practices to get rid of distortions at Hfs. That where Lazy Cat is accurate all the way in his designs, and why everyone find his designs are sounding "easy".
The way to limit the TIM is trivial, in a sense: never apply a signal with edges the amp cannot follow. So, build the fastest (slew rate =open loop bandwidth) amp you can, and limit the max slew rate of the incoming signals in the input, in a linear way -means by a low pass filter- above the amp open loop capabilities.
I believe that, for preamps, 50V/µs is a good value, according to the 1V level ( it needs much more in DACs output stages before filtering) and a perfect amp have to follow this speed by its gain: My SSA have 30 gain factor, and a 1500Vµs of slew rate: i'm at least in the rails.
I reduce the bandwidth in the input stage by a low pass filter at 1Mhz, to get a near flat phase response curve up to 10 000hz.
About Class D, by design, the slew rate is very hight, as the power stages are using a high clock square waves frequency: They present in theory a good match to Digital sources.
Some friends of mine (in witch i believe too ) just changed his high end previous amps for such D amps in his active system, and report sound is even better, and said mr Hiraga was astonished by his set. That why i want to try, i do not believe in fashion. I believe direct comparison with my actual SSA/Crescendo amps will be a difficult challenge for my future D amps. Will see witch will be the winner. I do not believe in "thin" sounding or any bad reputation of class D (coming from cheap PA amps) witch are those kind of audiophiles rumors i do not care about. And i believe that, some times, reducing distortion give the feeling of "simplifying" the signal. A better amp can sound "thiner" if some agreeable distortion is removed. I believe in "transparency", not agreeable sounding amps, i'm not an "audiophile".
SSA amp is very transparent and easy, not "agreeable".
Ultimate Protection and more.The Only Source of Knowledge is experience, everything else is just information ©A. Einstein
Last edited by Esperado; 11th October 2011 at 05:42 PM.
|11th October 2011, 07:22 PM
Sin Bin
Join Date: May 2008
Location: Front Row Center
If I have the money, why not. I tried matching hFE the other day and out of 20 pairs, I'm lucky enough to come up with 4 pairs. That means, I need hundred pairs or more for a V12 amp. Right now, economy isn't good so I'm just going for what I can afford. [/QUOTE]
Yikes ......
So your friend and Mr Hiraga like the agreeable sound of added class-d distortion, but you will not accept the opinions of audiophiles, because of the removal of said agreeable distortion ......
|11th October 2011, 07:46 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: East Coast of South Africa
Hi A.Wayne, I did not match anything in my SSA, nor are the transistors even in close proximity to each other and I cannot complain about stability nor listening pleasure. But I am not an audiophile, I listen to the music not the equipment.
Kindest regards
|11th October 2011, 07:54 PM
Sin Bin
Join Date: May 2008
Location: Front Row Center
"Audiophiles prefer to listen to music at a quality level that is as close to the original performance as possible using high fidelity components"...Wiki
See music .. wahlah ... your an audiophile .....
Last edited by a.wayne; 11th October 2011 at 08:00 PM.
|11th October 2011, 08:43 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Nov 2005
Location: East Coast of South Africa
I am sorry but I differ with the statement. Audiophiles listen to snippets of impressive sounding stuff and they use irrelevant adjectives like speed, slam wham and after the two second snippet sound follows it with another snippet of another impressive sounding passage. I have yet to meet an audiophile that will sit and enjoy an entire performance. Two seconds into a performance he is already thinking what he wants to hear next,
By The way Christophe, my SSA earlier tonight I could measure 368V/uS slew and by carefully optimizing all components I ended up with 1378V/uS SR - but I must say very honestly it did not move me anymore than before, the music still sounded exactly like before.
Kindest regards
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Make a statement with these pieces in an entryway or hall.
"I'm on the hunt for a beautiful storage piece that will fit in my hallway," says senior features editor Kimberley Brown. "BDDW's Lake Bureau (left) and Vancouver-based Christian Woo's Covert series (right) are at the top of my list. I wonder if he could do one for me in bleached oak?"
BDDW Lake Bureau, 67L x 22D x 34H, $11,500 at Hollace Cluny; Christian Woo Covert Low Profile 2.0, 24"W x 20"H x 20"D, $2,350 at Hollace Cluny.
See more on-trend items in our Editors' 2011 Must-Haves gallery.
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Posted by Jason on 02/01/2014
I work in the LES and could not live without tiengarden's food for lunch. Vegetarian and vegan food that fills you up and makes you wish you could go to culinary school in china to fully understand their secret sauce. nice remodel, kind people, great inexpensive food with a great vibe.
Posted by Anonymouse on 03/15/2009
Went here about a year ago (and I have heard they renovated since). I had the Fried Vegetable Rolls and Garden Vegetables. Food: The rolls were tiny but delicious. The Garden Vegetables came on a rice mix which was delicious and perfectly cooked. The vegetables themselves were a little undercooked but the bean sprouts were delicious. Service: We were the only ones there (kind of frightening) so the service was great. Atmosphere: This was about a year ago, and I have heard that they renovated since. But we were sitting on what appeared to be Suede in an all vegan place, which was just funny. The bathroom was in a closet with a huge step down that also made me laugh. One of the workers was smoking right outside the door and it was kind of gross. Overall I would go back, but the overall experience was funny!
Posted by Christina on 01/14/2009
I went to Tiengarden today with my boyfriend. We shared the vegetable steamed buns, wonton soup, and garden vegetables. We also ordered a China Cola & an organic Ginger Ale. For dessert we shared the banana sundae. The dough of the steamed buns was really delicious and sweet. The wonton soup was very fresh and healthy tasting. We added tofu to the garden vegetables. The broccoli, tofu, cabbage, carrots, and rice in it were really great. I have never had such tasty cabbage before. Honestly, I did not like the seitan - I had one piece and my boyfriend finished the rest (so I guess he enjoyed it). Personally, I would recommend just substituting tofu for the seitan. The banana sundae was vanilla soy ice cream with a split banana and chocolate syrup and nuts. It was very good, but I think it was too cold a day to be eating ice cream. They had a pumpkin pie today too, so we took a slice to go. The total was under $40 including tax and tip. Very good value for the money. The man who served us was very nice. It did take a while for him to come check up on us, but he was the only waiter in the place. I would not, however, complain about the service. It was a nice experience overall, and I would definitely come back to this restaurant in the future.
Posted by Anonymous on 07/16/2008
The pan fried bean curd sandwich is the best! Don't eat inside, but great to order out or delivery.
Posted by JC on 07/16/2008
This place is great for cheap, fast, amazingly tasty vegan fare. It's small, so best for at most 4 people. Great to eat there by yourself. I prefer to do a dim sum thing and order a few starters, but the entrees are incredible too. You gotta try the yam cookies...taste exactly like shortbread!
Posted by Anonymous on 03/05/2008
I used to eat at this restaurant or order to-go all the time when I was living in LES. My favorites are Braised Wheat Gluten, Spinach Dumplings, Wonton Soup, Zesty Gluten, oh, and their noodle soups! They are all so yummy and without the cruelty of regular Chinese to-go. Can't beat that! I've recently visited NYC, hanging out in my good ol' neighborhood. I'm glad to know that they are still in the same location serving the tasty food just as the same as back then. Wish they'd open in another location outside NY, though...
Posted by Denis on 08/08/2007
I am not a vegan or a vegetarian but the food at this small LES restaurant is great. The best dumplings I've ever had, plus great sandwiches, soups and desserts. It's not decadent, indulgent food, but it IS healthy and it IS tasty. I'm particularly fond of the curry noodles w/ veggies and tofu strips. The three downsides are 1) it isn't cheap - though these days, it's starting to seem so in comparison to everything else except pizza - 2) the atmosphere in the restaurant is not much better than a chinese take-out, 3) and it's not open seven days a week.


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OS X Mountain Lion to bring dictation to the Mac
OS X Mountain Lion will now support dictation on the Mac just like it currently does in iOS on the new iPad.
Dictation in OS X will let you dictate e-mails, text messages, or any other type of text input where available. While dictation isn't the same as Siri on the iPhone 4S but you can definitely tell Apple is going towards heavily integrating what you can do on your iPhone and iPad deep into Mountain Lion.
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The University College Advising Center is always here to help!! This area of our website can hopefully provide answers to questions you have when we aren't readily available to answer them for you. We have compiled resources and information about many of the things we find students ask us. And if you can't find the specific information you need, use our Ask An Advisor!! Service and we'll find it for you.
Our FAQs cover everything from general education requirement questions to MTSU procedure questions. Odds are the answer to your question is right there... but if not, we have lots more information on the rest of this page.
If you are transferring from another college or university to MTSU, you are probably wondering how the courses you have taken will be counted towards your degree. Information at the following link can help you sort out some of those details. Be aware that the information offers a general guideline, and your particular case may be different; TEAM: Transfer Equivalencies at Middle. Consult the Admissions Office for more details.
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A 29-year-old Chicago man has been charged with attacking a police officer with a baseball bat.
Tythia Thigpen is charged with attempted first-degree murder and aggravated battery to a peace officer, among other charges.
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Police say Thigpen hit an officer in the head with a bat early Saturday while the officer was trying to break up a street fight on the city's South Side.
The officer was taken to Stroger Hospital in serious condition after the attack, but has since been released.
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U.S. Senate candidate: Natalie Tennant (D)
COUNTY: Kanawha
PARTY: Democrat
Growing up as the youngest of seven on our family farm, I learned how to do more with less. I brought those West Virginia values to the Secretary of State's office, where I cut the budget and gave $3 million back to taxpayers. I'm running to bring those values to the Senate and put West Virginia first - www.natalietennant.com.
1. What changes in federal laws would you favor that would better protect people and our water resources from chemical spills?
West Virginia deserves better. We have a responsibility to make sure this never happens again. I support the Chemical Safety and Drinking Water Protection Act, which sets standards, requires inspections and makes sure companies pay for cleanup. I fought for medical testing and loans for small businesses that had to shut down. I will keep fighting for answers and accountability.
2. What steps should the federal government take to reduce the number of Americans living in poverty?
Anyone who works hard for 40 hours a week should be able to feed their family and pay the mortgage. It's time to raise the minimum wage. West Virginia has what it takes to lead the country in high-paying manufacturing, technology and energy jobs. Let's end tax breaks for corporations that ship jobs overseas and invest in West Virginia jobs.
3. In view of recent Supreme Court decisions, what steps do you think Congress should take to protect the rights of all American voters?
The freedom of the people to elect their representatives is a cornerstone of Democracy. I support updating the Voting Rights Act to protect the rights of all eligible citizens to cast a ballot.
There is too much secret, special interest money influencing our elections. I support limits on out-of-state special interest money.
Herald-Dispatch questions:
4. What is your position on the EPA and other regulation of the coal and natural gas industries?
No reply yet.
5. What is the most pressing foreign policy issue, and how would you address it?
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7. What can the federal government do to improve educational achievement in West Virginia?
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8. What do you think of the Affordable Care Act, and what changes -- if any -- would you support?
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12. Are there more steps Congress should take to reduce obesity?
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13. What action by Congress would you favor to address concerns about the environmental effects of natural gas extraction, particularly the process of fracking?
I support our booming natural gas industry and I know we can grow natural gas jobs safely and responsibly with input from local communities. We must also find ways to create even more jobs using our natural gas right here in West Virginia after it's extracted. Bringing cracker plants to West Virginia is the first step.
14. Do you favor legislation to amend the Voting Rights Act to prevent states from adopting restrictive laws that make registering and voting difficult for large numbers of legally eligible voters? Explain.
Generations of veterans have fought to defend our democracy, including the right to vote. As Secretary of State, I have worked hard to make sure that all eligible West Virginians have the opportunity to have their voice heard and cast a ballot. I oppose laws that stand in the way of legally eligible Americans exercising their right to vote.
15. What measures would you support to address the growing income disparity among Americans?
Anyone who works 40 hours a week should be able to put food on the table. It's time for Washington to follow West Virginia's lead and raise the minimum wage. I will also work to end tax breaks for corporations that ship jobs overseas and invest in giving American workers the quality education and job training they need to succeed.
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Dance Moms' Abby Lee Miller Has a New Boy Toy! (PHOTOS)
We've never been sure of Dance Moms star Abby Lee Miller's "type." We know what she likes in 9-year-old tiny dancers (to obey!), their mothers (to scream!), and in dogs (to sit in a baby carriage and stop barking!). But what kind of men does Abby dream about?
Apparently, the same kind that every woman in the world dreams about: Hot ones with perfect smiles and hard butts. Abby was spotted out and about in Hollywood flirting and laughing with an unidentified younger man. And the pair got quite touchy-feely, feeding each other ice cream and walking arm in arm.
Check out our gallery of the dancing cougar and her dreamy cub!
Dance Moms: Miami airs on Tuesdays at 9 p.m. starting on April 10 on Lifetime.
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Convert storage into style with this set of oversize spice jars. Each glass jar features a stainless-steel lid with an airtight hermetic seal.


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luxury apartment from home design bloogerluxury Apartment: Seyhan Özdemir and designers Sefer Çaglar, founders of the architecture studio Autoban, completed a project entitled Ayazpasa House, located in Istanbul, Turkey. With an interesting mix of modern touches and traditional Turkish elements, the loft has a fresh feeling throughout. According to the designers, each room has been given its own stunning focal point: "treatment of the walls is varied throughout the main living areas. Some of the walls are scraped to reveal the layers of paint applied over the years, some are covered white tile. the kitchen has a ceiling of gold as his companion core and all devices are integrated into a single block of marble. Woods is used for cabinets for a stunning contrast of materials, while providing a hot flash to space. "How do you like this unusual mix of ideas that are shown in the photos below?
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Birth Name: Keith Lionel Urban
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Born: 1967/10/26
Birth Place: Whangarei, New Zealand
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Keith Lionel Urban (born October 26, 1967) is a New Zealand-born Australian, country music singer, songwriter and guitarist whose commercial success has been mainly in the United States and Australia. Urban was born in New Zealand and began his career in Brisbane having moved to Caboolture, Australia at an early age. Urban plays acoustic and electric guitar, as well as ganjo, bass guitar, mandolin, piano, sitar, bouzouki and drums. In 1991, he released a self-titled debut album, and charted four singles in Australia before moving to Nashville in 1992. Eventually, Urban found work as a session guitarist before starting a band known as The Ranch, which recorded one studio album on Capitol Reco... Continue Bio >>
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About 100 people were on hand for the ground breaking ceremony at the site of a new memorial to honor fallen veterans. Mayor Joe Adame was among the public officials in attendance and spoke about the memorial, which previously was at the former Memorial Coliseum.
Tomi Newhouse (right) and other members of the Patriot Guard Riders of South Texas take part in the ground breaking for the new site of a memorial honoring fallen veterans Thursday at Sherrill Park.
City Council members were on hand during the ground breaking ceremony Thursday at Sherrill Park at the new site of a veterans memorial that previously was at the former Memorial Coliseum.
Mayor Joe Adame (from left), James D. Steffes, vice president of CPL Retail Enery, and Al Cantu, chairman of the Corpus Christi Mayor's Committee for Veterans Affairs, place their hands over their hearts as the Veterans Band of Corpus Christi plays the national anthem before a ground breaking Thursday at Sherrill Park. The memorial plaque from the Memorial Coliseum will be placed at the site until future park renovations are completed as part of the Destination Bayfront redevelopment. CPL donated $15,000 to the effort to help display the plaque.
The Veterans Band of Corpus Christi plays during a ground breaking ceremony at the new site of a memorial honoring fallen veterans Thursday at Sherrill Park.


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The present invention provides one with a recording paper useful in ink jet recording processes. The recording paper is comprised of a substrate and a coating, with the coating comprising a pigment and a binder. The binder contains a water-soluble polymer, such as polyvinyl alcohol, and a curl behavior enhancing amount of a polyether, e.g., a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol. Generally, the polyether has an average molecular weight of at least 400. The use of the present ink jet recording paper has been found to exhibit excellent imaging performance as well as superior curl behavior.
1. A recording paper useful in ink jet recording comprised of a cellulose substrate and a coating, with the coating comprising a pigment and a binder, said binder being comprised of a water-soluble resin and a polyether, with the amount of polyether contained in the coating being at least 15 wt. % based on the total weight of the dry coating.
2. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the polyether is polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
3. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the amount of polyether contained in the coating is in the range of from about 15 to about 50 wt. % based on the total weight of the dry coating.
4. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the amount of polyether contained in the coating is in the range of from about 20 to about 35 wt. % based upon the total weight of the dry coating.
5. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight polyether contained in the coating is at least 400.
6. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the water soluble resin is polyvinyl alcohol.
7. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the coating further comprises a dye mordant.
8. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of the polyether in the coating is in the range of from about 700 to about 3,500.
9. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of the polyether in the coating is in the range of from about 1,000 to about 2,000.
10. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the coating is comprised of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol.
11. The recording paper of claim 10, wherein the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is in the range of from about 1,000 to about 2,000.
12. The recording paper of claim 10, wherein the coating further comprises a dye mordant.
13. The recording paper of claim 10, wherein the polyethylene glycol is present in the coating in an amount ranging from about 20 to about 35 wt. % based upon the total weight of the dry coating.
14. The recording paper of claim 12, wherein the coating further comprises a dye mordant and the polyethylene glycol is present in the coating in an amount ranging from about 20 to about 35 wt. % based upon the total weight of the dry coating.
15. The recording paper of claim 1, wherein the recording paper further comprises a back coat.
16. The recording paper of claim 14, wherein the recording paper further comprises a back coat.
17. A process for generating images in an ink jet printing apparatus, comprising incorporating the recording paper of claim 1 into said ink jet printing apparatus, and forming an image on the ink jet recording paper by causing ink to be expelled onto the coated surface.
18. The process of claim 17, wherein the ink is of different colors so that the image formed on the recording paper is a color image.
19. The process of claim 17, wherein the recording paper incorporated into the ink jet printing apparatus has a coating comprised of polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol.
20. A recording paper useful in ink jet recording comprised of a cellulose substrate and a coating, with the coating comprising a pigment and a binder, said binder being comprised of a water soluble resin and a polyether having an average molecular weight of at least about 1,000, and with the amount of polyether contained in the coating being at least 15 weight % based on the total weight of the dry coating.
21. The recording paper of claim 20, wherein the polyether is polypropylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
This invention relates to a coated paper which is suitable as a recording sheet for use in an ink jet recording process. In particular, this invention relates to such a recording sheet which exhibits excellent curl and imaging behavior.
Ink jet printing systems generally are of two types, continuous stream and drop-on-demand. In drop-on-demand systems, a droplet is expelled from an orifice directly to a position on a recording medium in accordance with digital data signals. A droplet is not formed or expelled unless it is to be placed on the recording medium. There are two types of drop-on-demand ink jet systems. One type of drop-on-demand system has as its major components in an ink-filled channel or passageway having a nozzle on one end and a piezoelectric transducer near the other end to produce pressure pulses. The relatively large size of the transducer prevents close spacing of the nozzles, and physical limitations of the transducer result in low ink drop velocity. Low drop velocity seriously diminishes tolerances for drop velocity variation and directionality, thus impacting the system's ability to produce high-quality copies. Drop-on-demand systems which use piezoelectric devices to expel the droplets also suffer the disadvantage of a slow printing speed.
The second type of drop-on-demand system is a thermal ink jet, or bubble jet, and produces high-velocity droplets and allows very close spacing of nozzles. The major components of this type of drop-on-demand system are an ink-filled channel having a nozzle on one end and a heat generating resistor near the nozzle. Printing signals representing digital information originate an electric current pulse in a resistive layer within each ink passageway near the orifice or nozzle causing the ink in the immediate vicinity to evaporate almost instantaneously and create a bubble. The ink at the orifice is forced out as a propelled droplet as the bubble expands. When the hydrodynamic motion of the ink stops, the process is ready to start all over again.
Ink jet printers of the continuous stream type employ printheads having one or more orifices or nozzles from which continuous streams of ink droplets are emitted and directed toward a recording medium. The stream is perturbed, causing it to break up into droplets at a fixed distance from the orifice. Printing information is transferred to the droplets of each stream by electrodes that charge the passing droplets, which permits each droplet to be individually charged so that it may be positioned at a distinct location on the recording medium or sent to the gutter for recirculation. As the droplets proceed in flight from the charging electrodes toward the recording medium, they are passed through an electric field which deflects each individually charged droplet in accordance with its charge magnitude to specific pixel locations on the recording medium. The continuous stream ink jet process is described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,255,754, U.S. Pat. No. 4,698,123, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,751,517.
Papers coated with materials compatible with ink jet inks are known. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,478,910 discloses an ink jet recording paper comprising a base sheet with a coating layer comprising a water-soluble polymeric binder and fine silica particles. The polymeric binder may include polyvinyl alcohol or its derivatives, water soluble cellulose derivatives, water soluble polymeric substances such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone, or the like.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,758,461 discloses a recording paper suitable for ink-jet comprising a fibrous substrate paper on the surface of which a silicon containing type pigment and a fibrous material of the substrate paper are present in a mixed state. The paper can also contain an aqueous binder such as one or a mixture of two or more water-soluble or water-dispersed polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, starch, oxidized starch, cationized starch, casein, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, hydroxyethyl cellulose, SBR latex, MBR latex, vinyl acetate emulsion, and the like.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,780,356 discloses a recording sheet suitable for ink jet printing comprising a sheet of paper and porous particles on the paper surface. The particles can be coated on a paper surface by means of a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,474,847 discloses a coated base paper for use in an ink jet recording process wherein the coating comprises a pigment and/or filler of non-flake structure and a binding agent dried on the paper. The pigment content is at least about 90 percent by weight of the dried coating, and the binding agent is predominantly hydrophilic.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,686,118 discloses a recording medium having an ink receiving layer provided on a substrate. The ink receiving layer comprises at least a mixture of a polymer capable of forming intermolecular hydrogen bonds and a polymer incapable of forming intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The substrate can be opaque, e.g., paper, wood, metal plate, or transparent, e.g., polyester film.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,554,181 discloses an ink jet recording sheet having a recording surface which includes a combination of a water soluble polyvalent metal salt and a cationic polymer, said polymer having cationic groups which are available in the recording surface for insolubilizing an anionic dye.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,617,239 discloses a method of coating paper to improve its surface strength and printability by applying to the paper a silicon-containing modified polyvinyl alcohol agent or its saponification product. The coating agent forms a film on the surface of the paper which minimizes the penetration of the coating into the paper and improves the surface strength and printability of the paper. The coating agent may be incorporated with other coating compounds, including synthetic resin emulsions such as styrene-butadiene latex, polyacrylate ester emulsion, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, vinyl acetate-acrylate ester copolymer emulsion, and vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion. Further, the coating agent may be incorporated with pigments such as clay, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, satin white, zinc oxide, silica, aluminum oxide, and cadmium sulfide.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,244 relates to a recording sheet which comprises a substrate and a coating layer formed thereon of a coating material containing a polymer having both hydrophilic segments and hydrophobic segments.
One of the important physical properties a paper recording medium should possess is the ability to remain flat over a wide range of humidities. Unacceptable curling of a recording medium over time can occur, particularly when the humidity in the surrounding environment changes. The root cause of curl in recording papers for ink jet processes is the differential in hydroexpansivity between the coating and the paper. The paper and coating absorb different quantities of water at a given humidity, thereby causing swelling or shrinking differentially, resulting in unacceptable curl with changes in humidity.
There are many well-documented methods employed to yield moisture sensitive materials having good curl characteristics. It is important, however, that any method used must not affect imaging performance. The physical properties, e.g., sheet stiffness and functional characteristics of the sheet, must not be compromised by the actions taken to yield a product with good curl characteristics.
A commonly used technique is the addition of a second coating to the backside of the recording sheet. This coating is applied to counteract any shrinkage or swelling resulting from the functional top coating. The back coating may generally include the same coating as the top coat, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, full or partially hydrolyzed, various starches or carboxymethylcellulose. The addition of a second coating to balance the differential hydroexpansivity, however, adds cost and may not reduce the curl to the desired extent in cases where precise amounts of the two coatings are needed.
Applying an aqueous impermeable coating to both sides renders the base paper dimensionally stable, but curling due to shrinking and swelling of the functional coating will still occur. Moreover, the addition of this layer may greatly reduce the receptive ability for the aqueous inks.
Partial chemical cross-linking such as in water miscible urea formaldehyde systems can be used to improve curling characteristics. This mechanism would bind the water receptive polymer with the cross-linked network, yielding it unreactive. This technique would not remove the reactivity of the base paper, however, and has long cure times.
Ink jet recording papers therefore still have problems today in avoiding unacceptable curl over a wide range of humidities. The search continues for a recording paper useful in ink jet recording processes which exhibits excellent curl behavior over a wide range of humidities, but which also is economical and capable of excellent imaging.
An object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide a coated ink jet recording paper which avoids the problems of curl, particularly upon a change of relative humidity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a paper recording medium for ink jet recording processes which has excellent imaging properties and exhibits excellent properties with respect to dimensional stability, specifically curl behavior.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a recording paper useful in ink jet recording processes which is economically and easily manufactured while providing the desired imaging performance and curl behavior.
These and other objects of the present invention will become apparent upon a review of the following specification and the claims appended thereto.
In accordance with the foregoing objectives, the present invention provides a recording paper comprised of a substrate and a coating. The coating comprises a pigment and a binder, with the binder being comprised of a water soluble polymer and a curl behavior enhancing amount of a polyether, e.g., a polyalkylene glycol, with polyethylene glycol being the most preferred polyalkylene glycol. Generally, the amount of polyether employed is at least 15 wt % based upon the weight of the dry coating. In one embodiment, the average molecular weight of the polyether is at least 400.
It has been found that the recording paper of the present invention exhibits excellent curl behavior, i.e., the curl remains between ±10 mm curl, as measured from a flat surface, over humidities of 20% relative humidity at 15° C. to 80% relative humidity at 30° C., without sacrificing imaging quality.
The recording paper of the present invention useful for ink jet recording comprises a cellulosic substrate and a coating. The paper substrate is preferably sized. Sizing refers to water resistance, which is endowed to a cellulosic paper structure by hydrophobic internal or external treatments during paper making, such as the addition of rosin acids and starch. Typically, sizing is expressed in terms of the time taken for a given volume of a water-based liquid to penetrate the paper structure. World wide, several standard methods have been adopted. In North America, the Hercules sizing test is the one most commonly used. Another sizing standard is the Stockigt sizing degree. The sized substrate is believed to enable minimized penetration of the coating into the substrate paper, resulting in a distinct pigmented coating on the paper surface as opposed to a coating that has penetrated the paper fibers to a significant degree. Limited penetration of the coating into the substrate enables advantages for color ink jet printing, such as providing a microscopically smooth surface affording symmetric spreading and negligible feathering of ink images, high and uniform optical density, high-color saturation, rapid ink absorption, and minimum intercolor bleed of juxtaposed solid areas. Such substrate papers are commercially available, e.g., from James River Corporation. The paper can also contain a commercially available filler.
The coating for the recording paper of the present invention generally comprises a pigment and a binder. The binder is comprised of a water-soluble resin which forms a good film, and a polyether such as a polyalkylene glycol. The water-soluble resin suitable for the purposes of the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol, carboxylated polyvinyl alcohol, starch, casein, gum arabic, gelatin, polyacrylamide, hydroxy alkyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, sodium alginate, alkalinically soluble copolymers of styrene and maleic acid anhydride, polyaminoamide resins, and the like. Appropriate copolymers and mixtures of such polymers can also be used as long as the resin is suitably water-soluble and compatible with the polyether component of the binder. Polyvinyl alcohol is the most preferred water-soluble resin for use in the binder.
The polyvinyl alcohol component of the binder generally is hydrolyzed, preferably to at least 87% and more preferably to at least 99%. Examples of commercially available polyvinyl alcohols suitable for the coatings of the present invention include the polyvinyl alcohols available under the trademarks AIRVOL 125, AIRVOL 107, AIRVOL 325, and AIRVOL 350 of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., of Allentown, Pa., and R-1130 available from Kuraray, Inc., of Japan. The polyvinyl alcohol is present in the coating generally in the range of from about 40 wt. % or less, and more preferably in the range of from about 10 to about 30 wt. %, and most preferably in the range of from about 15 to about 25 wt %, based upon the weight of the dry coating.
The additional binder material used in the coating composition of the recording paper of the present invention imparts to the ink jet recording paper the improvements in curl characteristics. This additional binder material is a polyether, e.g., a polyalkylene glycol. The preferred polyalkylene glycol is polyethylene glycol, however, other polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol may also be used. The preferred average molecular weight of the polyether employed is generally at least 400, but preferably ranges from about 700 to about 3,500, and most preferably from about 1,000 to about 2,000. These molecular weights have been found most suitable for the paper substrates and amounts of polyether preferably used to date. However, these can vary greatly.
The amount of polyether employed in the binder can be any amount which enhances curl behavior, but is generally at least about 15 wt. % based upon the weight of the dry coating. It is more preferable that the amount of polyether present is in the range of about 15 to 50 wt. %, and most preferably in the range of about 20 to 35 wt. % based upon the weight of the dry coating.
Within the ranges described above, the molecular weight and amount of polyether can vary depending on the particular base paper, the type or amount of pigment in the coating, or the water soluble resin employed in the binder. As the base paper, pigment amount or water soluble resin is changed, the amount of polyether needed to optimize curl behavior will change. The amount of polyether to be employed will also vary with the average molecular weight of the polyether. In general, however, given a particular base paper and water soluble resin, a curl behavior enhancing amount of a polyether of a suitable molecular weight, generally within the above-described ranges, can be readily determined within the confines of the present invention.
The pigment can be any suitable ink absorbing pigment, as the pigment is primarily intended for physical adsorption and capture of the coloring material, e.g., dye, of the ink applied onto the coating layer. Materials effectively used for this purpose are white porous inorganic pigments having an ionic property on the particle surface. Such pigments include natural zeolites, synthetic zeolites, diatomaceous earth, finely divided silica (average particle size up to 1 micron), powdered silica (average particle size up to 20 microns) and synthetic mica. Other suitable pigment materials include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, magnesium titanate, calcium silicate, aluminum oxide or hydroxide and satin white. These pigments can be used, each alone or in mixture with one another. The amount of pigment employed in the coating can vary greatly, but is generally about 60 wt. % or less, and more preferably in the range of about 25 to about 50 wt. % based upon the weight of the dry coating.
Other suitable additives may be incorporated into the coating. Such additives include thickeners, antioxidants, dye mordants, and optical brighteners, which are well known to the art. These additives can be added in any suitable functional amount. For example, it is preferred that a dye mordant be added in an amount of from about 5 to 15 weight percent.
In the preparation of the coating, the water-soluble polymer, e.g., polyvinyl alcohol, and thickener are first combined and then heated, e.g., cooked. The solution is then cooled to about ambient temperature. The pigment is then dispersed in water, to which dispersion is added all other additives, the polyether and the water-soluble resin solution. It is preferred that the water-soluble resin solution is cooled prior to adding the polyethylene glycol or other polyether in order to ensure that the polyether does not come out of solution and separate.
Once the coating solution has been made, it can be coated upon the base paper using conventional methods. The coating can be applied, for example, by blade coating, knife coating, wire-wound rod coating, roll coating, or any other suitable coating technique. The solution of water and coating composition can have any desired solids content, for example, from 5 to about 25 wt. %. Different coating methods will have different optimal solids contents. The coating can be applied in any effective thickness or coating weight. The dry coating thickness can be of any desired value, with typical values being from about 10 to about 30 micron. Subsequent to coating, the receiver sheet is dried by any suitable process, such as exposure to ambient air conditions, drying with a hot air gun blow drier, a drum drier, an oven, or the like.
The resulting recording paper of the present invention exhibits excellent pre-imaging curl behavior without sacrificing image quality. The recording paper is quite useful for ink jet recording processes. Due to its excellent pre-imaging curl behavior, such a recording paper can avoid unacceptable curling upon exposure to a wide variance in humidity during storage and/or prior to printing. The excellent curl behavior also improves the post-printing characteristics of the printed sheet. Therefore, the recording paper of the present invention allows one to obviate the problem of unacceptable curling which haunts the ink jet industry.
The invention will be illustrated in greater detail by the following specific Examples. It is understood that these Examples are given by way of illustration and are not meant to limit the disclosure of the claims to follow. All percentages in the Examples and elsewhere in the specification, are by weight unless otherwise specified.
Generally, the ink jet recording papers employed in the Examples were prepared from a base paper which had coated onto it an ink receptive coating layer. The base paper porosity and internal sizing level had been optimized with the ink receptive layer for optimum dot size and optical density. The base paper employed had a caliper of about 3.7 mils and a basis weight of 52 lb/3000 sq. ft.
The coating composition for the ink receptive layer was prepared following the general procedure of combining cold water with polyvinyl alcohol and a thickener, i.e., KEGLIN LV available from Merck & Co., Inc., and mixed for 5 minutes. The mixture was then heated to 200° F. to 210° F. for 45 minutes. Water was added to the mixture to bring the total weight of the batch to the desired level, followed by slow mixing for about 5 minutes. A silica pigment was then combined with cold water and mixed for 20 minutes. The previous batch containing the polyvinyl alcohol, along with a dye mordant (a cation polymer available under the trademark CYPRO 515 from American Cyanamid) and CARBOWAX (polyethylene glycol) available from Union Carbide, was added to the silica solution. The entire mixture was then slowly mixed with the addition of sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to 7.0 (plus or minus 0.5). TINOPAL PT, an optical brightener available from Intracolor Corporation, was then added along with water to achieve the final desired weight of the batch, with mixing. For the control batch, the polyethylene glycol (CARBOWAX) was simply excluded from the foregoing procedure.
The ink receptive layer was coated into the base paper using the following general procedure. The ink receptive layer was coated by a roll coating process onto the paper substrate and dried by hot air impingement. A second coating was applied to the back of the web using a roll coater to remove the curl induced by the initial wetting and drying of the coating. The finished roll was then hand cut into 8.5" by 11" sheets for curl testing.
Paper curl was measured by placing a minimum of 10 unimaged samples with the ink receptive coating facing up and an equivalent number of samples with the ink receptive coating facing down, having dimensions of 8.5"×11" onto a flat stainless steel surface. The highest corner above the flat surface for each sheet was measured with a plastic ruler having divisions in millimeters. The resulting curl was measured to the nearest millimeter and recorded. Both mean curl and delta curl measurements were taken.
Mean Curl--Mean curl was measured at the relative humidities (RH); 20% RH at 15° C., 50% RH at 22° C., and 80% RH at 30° C. The procedure employed for measuring mean curl was as follows: 1) all mean curl samples were first equilibrated at 50% RH and 22° C. (initial humidity) for one hour; 2) the RH and temperature was then changed to the mean level of interest (final humidity). The change from 50% RH to 22° C. to the new RH was conducted over a 30 minute period; 3) after the samples reached the final humidity level they were maintained at that level for an hour; 4) the highest corner for each sheet was measured and recorded.
Delta Curl--The change in curl resulting from a given change in RH at constant temperature is called the "delta curl". All delta curl measurements were conducted at 22° C. There were two delta curl measurements conducted: 1) the first delta curl measurement was initially equilibrated at 50% RH for one hour and the highest corner for each sample recorded. The RH was then changed to 20% RH over a 30 minute period. The samples were then equilibrated for one hour at 20% RH and the highest corner for each sample was measured. The difference between the 50% RH and 20% RH highest corners for each sheet was recorded. This was called the "50 to 20% delta curl"; 2) the second delta curl measurements were taken by initially equilibrating the samples at 50% RH for one hour. The RH was then changed to 80% RH over a 30 minute period. The samples were equilibrated at 80% RH for one hour and the highest corner for each sample was recorded. The RH was then changed to 50% RH over a 30 minute period. The samples were equilibrated at 50% RH for one hour and the highest corner for each sample was recorded. The difference between the 80% RH and 50% RH highest corners for each sheet was recorded. This was called the "80 to 50% delta curl".
The image quality of the various samples was also noted. Image quality was a subjective test where the invention was compared to standard production made similarly to that of Example 1. The categories were image vibrancy, bleed, mottle, and banding. Image vibrancy refers to how "snappy" the image looks. Bleed is a measure of the dot spread and is ascertained by looking at the fill of a fine white line on a solid blue background. The more the thin white line is filled the worse the bleed. Mottle is a subtle defect where the paper formation shows up in the image. Banding is where the dots are too small and the drops of ink do not spread enough such that passes of the printhead result in discrete bands, particularly in uniform color areas.
A PaintJet XL printer was utilized in this test with a full ink coverage pattern generated with Freelance for Windows Version 1.0 utilizing the SmartMaster template WORLD2.MAS.
Each category was given a rating between 1 and 3, where 1 is better, 2 is equivalent, and 3 is worse than standard production paper. A final overall rating was then given for each design.
A product was prepared using the general procedure described above, except that the polyethylene glycol was excluded, so that the mixture was a control mixture. The mixture included 51 parts by weight of silica pigment (available under the trademark Silicon G-100 of SCM Chemicals), 35.1 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol (available under the trademark AIRVOL 325 of Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.), 3.9 parts by weight of a thickener (available under the trademark KELGIN LV of Merck & Co., Inc.), and 10 parts by weight of a dye mordant (available under the trademark CYPRO 515 of American Cyanamid). The mix was applied to a machine glazed paper manufactured by James River Corporation using the technique described above. The resulting recording paper was then tested for its curl behavior and imaging quality in accordance with the above-described procedures. The results were recorded and are set forth in the table below. The results are also shown in the graph of FIG. 1.
As graphically depicted in FIG. 1, both of the paths, from 80% to 50% relative humidity, representing summer conditions, and from 50% to 20% relative humidity, representing winter conditions, give unacceptable curl behavior.
The procedure of Example 1 was followed, except the mix included a loading of 30% by wt. of polyethylene glycol with respect to the weight of dry coating. The polyethylene glycol had a molecular weight of 1,000. The base paper used was a machine-finished paper manufactured by James River Corporation. The curl measurements were taken and recorded, and are graphically depicted in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, a superior curl behavior compared to the standard depicted in FIG. 1 was obtained.
The procedure of Example 2 was followed except that the mix was coated onto a machine-glazed paper made by James River Corporation as in Example 1, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol was 1,450. Also, a 16% solution of the polyethylene glycol was applied as a back coating to the sample.
The curl performance was recorded and is graphically depicted in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows the superior curl performance that the invention has in comparison to FIG. 1.
In Examples 4 to 7, the mix was prepared according to the general procedure described above. Application of the ink receptive layer was also made by the general procedure described above. The base paper used was a machine finished base paper in Example 4, and a machine-glazed base paper in Examples 5-7. The following Table sets forth the various amounts of components employed in each of the experimental runs, as well as the results thereof.
TABLE__________________________________________________________________________ Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Ex. 7 (Control) (Invention) (Invention) (Invention) (Invention) (Invention) (Invention)__________________________________________________________________________Dry Weight of Coating 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.9(lbs/3000 sq ft)% Solids 10.5 12 12 12 12 12 10.5Paper Base Finish MG MF MG MF MG MG MGDry Coating(parts by weight):Silica 51 34 34 40 34 50 40(SILCRON G-100)Polyvinyl Alcohol 35.1 23.4 23.4 27 23.4 17.1 15.3(AIRVOL 325)Thickener 3.9 2.6 2.6 3 2.6 1.9 1.7(KELGIN LV)Dye Mordant 10 10 10 10 10 10 10(CYPRO 515)PEG 1000 0 30 0 20 0 0 0PEG 1450 0 0 30 0 30 21 33Back Coat of no no yes no no no yesPEG 1450Curl:Mean Curl - 20% 45 5 1 -- -3 4 4RH, 15° C.Mean Curl - 50% -2 -4 -5 2 -9 -10 -1RH, 22° C.Mean Curl - 80% -3 0 -5 -- -10 -17 1RH, 30° C.Delta Curl 50 to 40 9 9 9 6 11 420% RHDelta Curl 80 to 20 6 12 4 6 8 450% RHImage Quality:Vibrancy 2 2.5 2.5 2 2.5 1 1Mottle 2 3 2 3 2 2 2Banding 2 2 2 2 2 3 2.25Overall Image Quality 2 2.5 2 2.25 2 2 1.75__________________________________________________________________________
In the Table, a (-) sign means curl to the uncoated side. All curl measurements are reported in millimeters. MG refers to a machine glazed paper and MF refers to a machine finished paper.
As can be seen from the foregoing Table, those compositions including the polyethylene glycol in the receptive layer provided superior curl control over the standard composition having no polyethylene glycol. By incorporating a polyalkylene glycol having a sufficient molecular weight into the coating in sufficient amounts, therefore, the curl behavior of the recording paper is surprisingly enhanced without sacrificing image performance.
While the invention has been described with preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that variations and modification may be resorted to as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such variations and modifications are to be considered within the purview and the scope of the claims appended hereto.
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about Todd FlowerdayA Roman Catholic lay person, married (since 1996), with one adopted child (since 2001). I serve in worship and spiritual life in a midwestern university parish.
about John Donaghy
John is a lay missionary since 2007 with a parish in western Honduras. Before that he served in campus ministry and social justice ministry in Iowa. His ministry blog is http://hermanojuancito.blogspot.com
He also blogs reflections on the lectionary and saints/heroes/events of the date at http://walktheway.wordpress.com
He'll be a long-term contributor here analyzing the Latin American bishops' document from their 2007 Aparecida Conference.
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Daily Archives: 15 December 2013
Where Reform Begins
Another Pope Francis interview is up at La Stampa. I liked this response to the question about curial reform: A few months ago, an elderly cardinal said to me: "You have already started Curia reform with your daily masses in … Continue reading
Posted in Ministry Tagged Pope Francis interview Leave a comment
Mediator Dei 71-75
What do we hope to accomplish in the celebration of Mass? Mediator Dei tells us (1) we give glory to God, (2) we give thanks, (3) we become reconciled with God, and (4) God sanctifies human believers. Rather than chop up the … Continue reading
Posted in Mediator Dei, pre-conciliar documents 1 Comment
Advent Music: My Soul In Stillness Waits
I mentioned this song ten years ago today. I mentioned then that I wish Marty Haugen had set or adapted all of the O Antiphons instead of just four of them. The piece is well over thirty years old now, … Continue reading
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The Armchair Liturgist: Gestures of Blessing
At the end of every college semester, we call up graduates-to-be for a blessing before the dismissal rites. It's been a fairly common, if not near-universal practice in parishes for the clergy to invite the entire assembly to "make a … Continue reading
Posted in The Armchair Liturgist Tagged lay people blessing 1 Comment
EG 21: The Missionary Joy of the New Testament
Yesterday we looked at some Old Testament underpinnings of evangelical joy. Today in our examination of Evangelii Gaudium, let's turn to the witness of the early disciples. The seventy-two were sent by the Lord with less than three years under their … Continue reading
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- Shareholder voting in Germany (1999)
- Shareholder voting is back on the agenda of public debate for several reasons. One is the investors' internationalization of capital investments and the raising of funds globally by companies. It can be predicted that considering the growing together of capital markets the trend to international investments will increase not least because the introduction of the Euro will create a uniform European stock market. This leads to the question how the law deals with this development and its problems. The EU Commission has commissioned a comparative study dealing, inter alia, with shareholders' representation at general meetings in the EU member states.1 The aim is to simplify the operating regulations for public limited companies in the EU. Furthermore, the internationalization of shareholdings leads the investors to ask how their interests are protected abroad. Are the mechanisms of shareholder protection sufficient for foreign investors? In particular the formation of transnational companies like Daimler-Chrysler will change corporate governance systems. It remains to be seen whether and how foreign institutional investors will use measures of - in this case - German corporate law to control the management. From a microeconomic point of view the question is what specific features of a given corporate governance system might contribute to better performance of firms. The following remarks will however, be confined to one specific aspect of corporate governance only, the exercise of shareholders' voting rights at the general meeting.