text:
A combination is provided of a reaction vessel and apparatus for processing it. Preferably, the latter features a temperature control device comprising two surfaces to contact a reaction vessel sandwiched between them, a heater element being disposed on one side of one of the surfaces, a cavity being provided at the heater element, and pressure means for delivering cooling gas to the cavity and the heater element and for removing the air after it has cooled the heater element. Most preferably, there is further included means for providing relative movement between the control device and a reaction vessel so sandwiched between the two surfaces.
1. Apparatus for processing a flexible reaction vessel containing burstable compartments to cycle it through at least two temperature changes, the apparatus comprising:
means for heating at least one side wall of a selected portion of a suitable reaction vessel,
means for actively cooling said heating means at repeated intervals,
and means for moving one of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means in a prescribed path relative to the other of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means, said moving means comprising means for compressing and bursting selectively, said compartments of the flexible reaction vessel after it is heated and cooled by said heating means and said cooling means, respectively.
2. Apparatus for processing a flexible reaction vessel containing burstable compartments to cycle it through at least two temperature changes, the apparatus comprising:
means for heating at least one side wall of a selected portion of a suitable reaction vessel,
means for actively cooling said heating means at repeated intervals,
and means for moving one of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means in a prescribed path relative to the other of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means, said moving means comprising means for compressing and bursting selectively, said compartments of the flexible reaction vessel after it is heated and cooled by said heating means and said cooling means, respectively) said moving means and said compressing means comprising a roller mounted on a axle.
3. Apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said heating means and said cooling means are carried on said axle.
4. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, and further including mean for biasing said heating means and said cooling means against the selected reaction vessel portion with a predetermined force.
5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4 and wherein said biasing means is sufficient to compress the reaction vessel into a surface compliance with contacting objects that is at least equivalent to the compliance achieved when using about 270 g of force delivered over a generally circular area of about 180 mm2 on a compartment in a reaction vessel, said compartment being comprised of opposed sidewalls each consisting essentially of a sandwich of about 0.013 mm thick polyester and about 0.1 mm thick polyethylene, and being substantially filled with about 170 μl of liquid.
6. Apparatus for processing a reaction vessel to cycle it through at least two temperature changes, the apparatus comprising:
means for heating at least one side wall of a selected portion of a suitable reaction vessel,
means for actively cooling a said heating means at repeated intervals,
and means for moving one of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means in a prescribed path relative to the other of a) said reaction vessel and b) said heating and cooling means,
wherein said cooling means further comprise a jet aperture and a source of pressurized gas, said aperture and aligned with said heating means to cool it with said gas.
7. In combination, a flexible, collapsible reaction vessel comprising opposed side walls spaced apart at portions of the vessel to provide a compartment, and at least one liquid confined to said compartment, said side walls being sufficiently compliant as to conform said liquid-confining side walls to the surface of objects pressing thereagainst,
and processing apparatus for said vessel, said apparatus comprising a) means for heating at least one of said side walls, said heating means being mounted to press on said one side wall, b) cooling means for actively cooling said heating means, and c) means for pressing said heating and said cooling means against said at least one sidewall with sufficient force as to conform said one side wall to the surface of said heating and cooling means.
8. A combination as defined in claim 8, wherein said force is at least about 270 g of loading when said compartment contains a liquid of about 170 μl and said side walls each consists essentially of a sandwich of about 0.013 mm thick polyester and about 0.1 mm thick polyethylene.
9. A combination as defined in claim 7 and further including in said apparatus, d) a generally flat support for said reaction vessel, and e) heating means in said support for heating the other of said side walls.
10. A combination as defined in claim 7, 8 or 9, and further including in said apparatus, a roller for compressing and bursting selectively, said compartment.
11. A combination as defined in claim 10, wherein said roller, and said heating and Cooling means for said at least one side wall are mounted on an axle.
12. A temperature control device for providing temperature changes in a reaction vessel, said device comprising two surfaces for contacting a reaction vessel sandwiched between them, at least one of said surfaces comprising a thermally conductive material,
and further including in said control device a) a heater element disposed on a side of said at least one surface material, b) a wall surface spaced from said surface material to define a cavity for providing air flow over said element, and c) cooling means in said wall surface for delivering cooling air to said cavity and said heating element and for removing air from said cavity that has flowed over said heating element.
13. A device as defined in claim 12, in which both of said surfaces comprise said thermally conductive material, and there is further included with both of said surfaces on the side of the material opposite to the side that is to contact a reaction vessel, said heater element and said wall surface.
14. A device as defined in claim 12 or 13, wherein said cooling means comprise at least one jet aperture in said wall surface opposite to said heater element, and at least one exhaust aperture disposed to one side of said heater element, said jet aperture being fluidly connected to an air source and said exhaust aperture being fluidly connected to the atmosphere.
15. A device as defined in claim 12 or 13, in which at least one of said surfaces is mounted on a movable frame, and further including means for moving said frame across a reaction vessel disposed between said surfaces.
16. A device as defined in claim 15, and further including on said frame, a roller for compressing a reaction vessel against the other of said surfaces not mounted on said frame.
This application is a continuation-in-part of application of U.S. Ser. No. 365,079 filed on Jun. 12, 1989, now abandoned.
The invention relates to a device for heating and cooling a reaction vessel rapidly through various temperatures, and particularly those temperatures useful in PCR amplification.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology permits nucleic acid material, such as DNA, often extracted from as little as a single cell, to be amplified to hundreds of millions of copies. This is important since prior to PCR technology it was virtually impossible to detect a single DNA strand. However, when a single DNA strand, such as the DNA produced by a human immunodeficiency virus (e.g., HIV-I, otherwise known to cause AIDS), is added to amplifying reagents that will amplify the DNA of choice, hundreds of millions of copies of that DNA can be obtained in a relatively short time. Technology further allows for the detection of the amplified nucleic acid material (DNA for example), using probes that hybridize to the amplified material of choice, such probes in turn either being immobilized or immobilizable to a solid support, such as a filter membrane, and/or being labeled for detection using enzymes or other moieties.
Conventionally, this has been done by amplifying the nucleic acid material in a stoppered plastic container until the desired number of copies have been formed. Thereafter, the container is reopened, such as by unstoppering, and either the amplified copies are withdrawn and transferred to detection apparatus, or detecting reagents are added to the container used for the amplification, so that detection is done in the same container.
It has been discovered that such a technique is unsatisfactory for convenient and widespread use of PCR technology, because aerosols are produced in the act of unstoppering and/or transfer of fluids. Such aerosols contain a few molecules of the amplified nucleic acid material, e.g., DNA. The aerosols then proceed to disperse within the environment. Normally, such few molecules in the environment are not of great concern. However, in theory, only one DNA molecule is needed to ruin by contamination other amplifying containers yet to be used for detection. That is, if the errant DNA molecule floats into or is carried, inadvertently, by an operator to another amplifying container yet to be used, that one molecule is all that is needed to provide the DNA needed for the next amplification. Needless to say, if the point of the next test is to see if a particular DNA is present (e.g., from HIV-I), and it is detected only because of the errant DNA and not that of the patient, the test is ruined. Thus, the very power of DNA amplification becomes the source of potential ruin of the tests. As a matter of fact, an entire lab has been proven to be contaminated by the unstoppering of just a few containers in which the sample has already been amplified. Although such a problem might be avoidable by using highly skilled and trained personnel who painstakingly minimize the aerosols produced, the need for such labor makes the technology impractical for general use.
The aforesaid problem has been solved by a containment cuvette, which as described and claimed in commonly-owned U.S. application Ser. No. 306,735 filed on Feb. 3, 1989, entitled "Containment Cuvette for PCR and Method of Use", can be a flexible pouch. Such pouch features wall materials that define a reaction compartment, one or both of the wall materials in the compartment being flexible.
Although such a pouch can be heated and cooled rapidly by a variety of devices through the numerous temperature changes known in the art to be needed to do PCR amplification, there has been a need prior to this invention for simple, inexpensive and yet efficient temperature control devices especially adapted to such rapid temperature changes. It has been found, for example, that thermal cycling by heating and cooling a metal block on which a pouch sits, is relatively slow and inefficient.
We have constructed a temperature control device that provides the efficient temperature changes needed for a PCR cuvette as noted above.
More specifically, in one aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for processing a reaction vessel to cycle it through at least two temperature changes, the apparatus comprising
means for heating at least one side wall of a selected portion of a suitable reaction vessel,
means for actively cooling the heating means at repeated intervals,
and means for moving one of said reaction vessel and said heating and cooling means in a prescribed path relative to the other of said reaction vessel and said heating and cooling means.
In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a temperature control device for providing rapid temperature changes in a reaction vessel, the device comprising two surfaces for contacting a reaction vessel sandwiched between them, at least one of the surfaces comprising a thermally conductive material,
and further including in the control device a) a heater element disposed on the side of at least one surface material opposite to the side that is to contact a reaction vessel, b) a wall surface spaced from the side on which the heater element is disposed to define a cavity for providing air flow over the element, and c) cooling means in the wall surface for delivering cooling air to the cavity and the heating element and for removing air from the cavity that has flowed over the heating element.
In a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a combination of a flexible, collapsible reaction vessel and processing apparatus. The vessel comprises opposed side walls spaced apart at portions of the vessel to provide a compartment, and at least one liquid confined to the compartment, the side walls being sufficiently compliant as to conform the liquid-confining side walls to the surface of objects pressing thereagainst. The apparatus comprises
a) means for heating at least one of the side walls, the heating means being mounted to press on the one side wall,
b) cooling means for actively cooling the heating means and
c) means for pressing the heating and said cooling means against said at least one side wall with sufficient force as to conform the one side wall to the surface of the heating and cooling means.
Accordingly, it is an advantageous feature of the invention that apparatus is provided that can efficiently, inexpensively and rapidly cycle the temperature of liquid in a containment pouch from about 95� C. to at least 55� C. to 70� C. and back to about 95� C., within �1� C., in a time of from about 20 sec. to 1.75 min., with a short dwell time at each of said temperatures, and without internal sensors.
It is a further advantageous feature of the invention that apparatus is provided to accurately produce such temperature cycling repeatedly for hundreds of times.
Other advantageous features of the invention are that it is small in size and has low power requirements.
Still other advantageous features will become apparent upon reference to the following Description of the Preferred Embodiments, when read in light of the attached drawings.
The file of this patent contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Patent and Trademark Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a simplified containment cuvette that can be processed by the device of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary section view taken generally along the line II--II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating a temperature control device constructed in accord with the invention, with a cuvette of FIG. 1 in place;
FIG. 4 is a section view taken generally along the line IV--IV of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a graph of time and temperature produced by the device and cuvette of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to a portion of FIG. 4, but illustrating an alternative embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a plan view similar to that of FIG. 3, but illustrating still another alternate embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a partially sectioned view similar to FIG. 4 but of an alternate embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a plot of temperature and time achieved by the combination of this invention, for six different compartments processed as described, six traces which overlap to the degree shown; and
FIGS. 10 and 11 are each a plot of temperature vs. time similar to the plot of FIG. 8, except that each curve represents a different level of force exerted against the compliant compartment.
The invention is described for preferred embodiments in which a PCR containment cuvette is being processed by the device, and in which both platens on opposite sides of the cuvette are heated and cooled. In addition, the invention is useful to heat and cool any kind of reaction vessel, whether or not used for PCR amplification, and with only one of the platens operative to effect temperature changes.
Referring first to FIGS. 1 and 2, a preferred reaction vessel operated upon by the device of the invention comprises a flexible pouch 10 formed by preferably compliant, laminated sheets 12 and 14 sealed at least around the periphery 16. Sheets 12 and 14 can be formed, in at least the part thereof providing a reaction compartment 20, FIG. 2, of thermally conductive material 18, such as aluminum, over which a coat of a polymer 22 is preferably placed, to keep the aluminum from inhibiting the amplification. Preferably, however, sheets 12 and 14 are solely comprised of a flexible plastic. Most preferably, they comprise a sandwich of polyester and polyethylene or polypropylene, having a total thickness of between about 0.06 mm and 0.2 mm. Such thicknesses are useful as they insure that the wall is sufficiently thermally conductive, even in the absence of a layer of aluminum. It is important that, whatever the materials selected, the sheets be compliant enough to conform to the surfaces pressed against the opposite sidewalls of compartment 20, shown as side walls 21 and 23, FIG. 2. The two sheets are also heat-sealed around compartment 20 at edge 24, so that a sample liquid L can be introduced by a passageway (not shown) that is then sealed, and retained for processing. As shown, the protrusion of compartment 20 occurs only in sheet 12, but it can also occur in sheet 14. To provide selective bursting, a weakened heat seal is provided between the two sheets 12 and 14 to create a future flow passageway 30 that delivers liquid to a detection compartment 32 containing detection reagents suitably introduced, and then to a waste compartment 34. (That is, a storage compartment can also be provided, not shown, similar to compartment 20 but containing liquid reagents.) Dotted line A--A represents the path that pressure means are to travel over cuvette 10, after suitable heating and cooling of compartment 20, to compress at least compartment 20 to force liquid to flow out to compartment 32.
The device 40 of the invention that preferably does the temperature processing of compartment 20 appears in FIGS. 3-4. It comprises preferably a stationary support 41 and an upper member 43 that moves over the support. Alternatively, support 41 can be moved under member 43. Thus, device 40 comprises two opposed platens 42, 44, FIG. 4, having surfaces 46 that contact the cuvette, generally with the same area (here, circular) as the periphery of the compartment to be heated. Platens 42 and 44 are preferably thermally conductive material, such as aluminium. They can be grooved to allow trapped air to escape.
Platens 42 and 44 are preferably mounted in housing 48, 49, respectively. Housing 48 is mounted in support 41 and has its outer corners beveled at 50, for reasons that will become apparent. Housing 48 preferably comprises a material that is poorly conducting.
At least one of the two portions 41 and 43 has a heating means and preferably means for actively cooling the heating means. ("Active" is used herein to distinguish from passive cooling that always occurs when a heating force, e.g., electricity, is removed.) Thus, on side 52 of platens 42 and 44 that is opposite to side 46, a heating element 54 is disposed (not shown for platen 42 for clarity.) Such heating element is preferably a flexible, electrically driven device, such as a flexible printed circuit manufactured by Ocean State Thermotics, which can be operated at 24 volts D.C., to generate 20 watts of heat.
A conventional temperature sensor is preferably included (not shown), on surface 46 of platens 42. Useful sensors include thermocouple and RTD types.
The housing for each platen 42 and 46 has a wall surface 56 spaced away from the platen and its heating element, to define a gas flow cavity 58. To actively cool the heating element, wall surface 56 is then provided with preferably at least one jet inlet aperture 60, and at least one exhaust aperture 62. Preferably, inlet aperture 60 is disposed directly opposite to, and aimed at, heating element 54. The exhaust aperture(s) 62 are preferably several in number, disposed around the circumference of each platen. A gas hose 64 is fluidly connected to inlet aperture 60, whereas the exhaust apertures deliver the gas of cavity 58 to the atmosphere. Preferably, hose 64 delivers air (or an inert gas) at a pressure of between about 0.01 and about 0.35 kg/cm2 Such active cooling provides the rapid decrease in temperature that is desired in reactions such as PCR amplification.
Housing 48 is mounted on a spindle 70, to allow relative movement of the platens towards and away from each other. Since platen 44 and housing 49 are preferably fixed, this requires spindle 70 to be movable away from and towards cuvette 10 that is disposed on platen 44. Preferably this is achieved by mounting spindle 70 in a sliding fit in bushing 72, mounted in a frame 74. Spindle 70 can then be raised and lowered by hand or by automatic means. Alternatively, it and platen 42 can be allowed to simply ride over the exterior surface of cuvette 10. Beveled corners 50 thus act to cam platen 42 upward when housing 48 encounters another protruding compartment.
Most preferably, frame 74 is a C-shaped yoke mounted to ride on an axle 76, FIGS. 3 and 4, that carries a pressure roller 78 journalled to axle 76. Axle 76 can then be caused to traverse cuvette 10 so that roller 78 follows path A--A, FIG. 3, albeit in a non-continuous motion that allows platens 42 and 44 to repeatedly heat and cool each compartment prior to rupture caused by roller 78. The traversal movement of axle 76 is either directed manually, or by automated means, not shown.
When compartments such as compartment 20 are to be compressed by roller 78 to force the liquid out into the other passageways, force F of about 1 to 7 kg/cm of roller length is preferably applied to axle 76, FIG. 4, for a roller that is about 4 cm long.
A conventional microprocessor is preferably used (not shown) to control the cycling of heating element 54 and the cooling hose 64.
When in use, the apparatus and the temperature control device are used to rapidly heat a selected portion of the reaction vessel, e.g., a containment compartment that is a reaction compartment, to the necessary high temperature, followed by a rapid cooling to a much lower temperature, achieved by the active cooling means. This is done repeatedly for as many cycles as is necessary for the desired reaction, while upper platen 42 stays in contact with the compartment. In the case of DNA replication by PCR technology, preferred cycling includes up to 50 repetitions, for example.
When the cycling is finished, the temperature control device 40 is moved out of its contact with the compartment, alone path A--A and relative to the reaction vessel, by rolling the roller. Preferably, the roller then advances into contact with the compartment in which the reaction took place, to burst it to send the contents therein to the next part of the vessel. Following this, device 40 continues on to other liquid-containing compartments in path A--A, not shown in FIG. 1. For at least some of the other compartments, repeated temperature cycling is not needed, in each case, so that little or no dwell time is spent by the heating platen over such compartments, and indeed the heater element is turned off. The roller, however, is effective to burst them to push the contents to, e.g., the detection chamber.
More specifically, using the device of this invention, a temperature response curve was obtained as is shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the compartment 20 was defined by polyester sheets 12 and 14 having a thickness of 63.5 microns (2.5 mil). The volume of the compartment was 140 μl, and it was 2.16 mm thick. The contents was mineral oil (for purposes of measuring temperature), and a thermocouple was inserted into the oil between sheets 12 and 14.
Trace 100 is the temperature that was delivered by platen 44, as measured by a temperature probe. Trace 102 is that of platen 42, and trace 104 is that of the oil inside compartment 20. Trace 104 shows a remarkable correlation and tracking for the temperature inside the compartment, compared to that of the platens, even through the drastic heating and cooling that occurs between about 57� C. about 97� C., and back again, all within the cycle time span of about 1.3 min. for the selected dwell times. (The temperature plateaus selected in this run correspond to desired temperatures for PCR amplification, as is well-known.) Faster cycling times have also been achieved--as fast as 45 seconds.
It is not essential that the jet inlet aperture be a single aperture, to cool off the heating element. Instead, it can be a plurality of apertures, as shown in FIG. 6. Parts similar to those previously described bear the same reference numeral to which the distinguishing suffix "A" has been appended.
Thus, the upper portion of device 40A (only part shown) has a platen 42A in housing 48A with a heating element 54A on surface 52A, as before. Spindle 70A provides air to chamber 58A, and exhaust apertures 62A remove the air. However, in this case there is a plurality of jet inlet apertures 60A, all in surface 56A that is spaced away from heating element 54A.
Most preferably, the upper heating and cooling means is applied with a certain force against the compliant pouch, to enhance contact and thus the heat conductivity. This in turn enhances the speed of the reactions therein, FIG. 7. Parts similar to those previously described bear the same reference numeral, to which a distinguishing suffix "B" is applied. Thus, FIG. 7, device 40B preferably comprises a stationary support 41B and an upper, movable member 43C, constrained to follow path A--A over a pouch or flexible reaction vessel 10B. Both support 41B and member 43B are generally constructed as described above. In addition, however, upper member 43B includes means 110 for applying a specific loading force against heater platen in housing 48B. As shown, such means is a torsion spring mounted on axle 76B, with a spring content selected to ensure the application of the desired force, as described hereinafter. Alternatively, this force applying means 110 can be, instead, additional selected mass mounted on the spindle to which hose 64B is connected, or even hydraulic means biasing yoke 74B to move downwardly relative to axle 76B with a predetermined force. For example, a piston 120 on frame 121 can be used to apply a variable, pre-selected pressure P, as shown in FIG. 8.
The amount of loading force needed for optimum compliance of the compartment side wall with the surface of the heating and cooling element, depends on the materials, the material thickness, and content of the compartment. The more flexible, thinner, and compliant each side wall is, the less is the force that is required. Preferably, the side walls and the loading force are selected to produce at least as much compliance of the side walls to the contacting surfaces, as occurs when about 270 g (0.6 pound) of loading force is applied by means 110 to the upper heating and cooling element 43, in contact with a compartment containing 170 ml of liquid and comprising two opposed compliant sheets each consisting essentially of a sandwich of about 0.013 mm thick polyester and about 0.1 mm thick polyethylene. This construction provides a surface area of contact that is about 180 mm2.
Such compliance and the means that achieve it, have been found to produce extraordinary PCR reactions. Importantly, the contents of the heated and cooled compartment are constrained to better follow the temperature of the heating and cooling means in a repeatable fashion. This is essential since each thermal cycle must be exact in its limits to achieve DNA replication. The reproducibility of the cycles is demonstrated in FIG. 9, wherein the six curves each represent different compartments in six different reaction vessels, separately sequenced through the apparatus for at least five cycles using 227 of force. In each case, the contents' temperature was measured by an inserted temperature probe, and the volume of each compartment was, respectively 170-190 μ. The traces more or less overlap precisely. The result is that each compartment in each cycle reached a high temperature of at least about 93� C. and a low temperature of at least about 50� C., the ranges preferred for PCR processing.
The difficulty of operating at forces less than 270 g can be seen from FIG. 10. For these results, each of the examples shown in FIG. 10 used a single compartment of the pouch comprising two sheets each consisting essentially of a sandwich of about 0.013 mm thick polyester and about 0.1 mm thick polyethylene, sealed to provide a confined volume that was substantially filled with about 170 ml of water, and then cycled on both sides with device 40B of FIG. 7, to achieve the temperatures noted in FIG. 10. The pressure applied by means 110 was varied to be the predetermined amount noted for each curve trace. Temperature was sensed inside the compartment. It was not until the force was at least about 270 g (the curve on the right-hand side of the group), for this compliant compartment, that the extreme temperatures of the cycle could be predictably achieved.
Most preferably, the force applied by means 110 and the compliability of the side walls is at least that achieved by applying at least 900 g of force to the compartment described. This extra force causes the temperature of the contents to track even faster, as is evident from FIG. 11, wherein the "flat" or double-peaked portions of the curve tops and valleys at 900 g or higher, indicate the desired end temperature is reached sooner. In these examples, the same procedure was followed as for FIG. 10, except that the force exerted by the upper heating and cooling means was one of those noted in FIG. 11. The "flat" portion occurs because both the heating means and the cooling means are preferably programmed to provide a flat constant temperature for a few seconds, for example, for about one sec, at the extremes of the cycled temperatures. This ensures that the liquid temperature predictably and repeatedly reaches the needed value. Only those compartments that reach these values in a timely fashion will demonstrate the constancy of that end-point temperature. Apparatus and pouches processed in this manner are better able to control the PCR amplications.
It will be apparent that the upper limit on the amount of force applied by upper member 43, 43A or 43B is determined primarily by the amount of force effective to burst the reaction compartment. The force applied by member 43 is selected to be slightly less than this value, and the force applied by the following roller is slightly greater. The burst force of compartment 20, FIG. 1, can be, e.g., about 1800 g.
Some of the curves of FIG. 11 show a double peak at the curve tops. This occurs only because the heating element was programmed to overshoot the desired temperature--an unnecessary step when results such as those for the curves at 900 g or higher force, are achieved.
The previously-described embodiments feature the preferred use of the roller as the means for compressing and bursting the liquid-containing chambers. Any other mechanism can be used as well. For example, in FIG. 8, roller 78B can be omitted and instead piston 120 can be used to increase the pressure onto chamber 20B until it bursts, for example, at 1800 g of force to cause liquid to flow into the exit passageway (not shown).
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Atlanta is ready for an automobile Parade
All are welcome to drive int he parade with a Georgia Flag provided for each car... Let the fun begin. When do we hear...... Gentlemen, Start Your Engines?
Discovered by
More Spotlights by margaretann1858 (See all)
Source Information
Popular Titles
Civil War "Widows' Pensions"
WWII "Old Man's Draft" Registration Cards
Revolutionary War Service Records
Brady Civil War Photos Free
Missing Air Crew Reports, WWII
WWII US Air Force Photos Free
Revolutionary War Pensions
War of 1812 Pension Files Free Updated
Civil War Pensions Index
Vietnam Veterans Memorial Free

subset: commoncrawl


text:
COLUMBIA CITY — Carol R. Gambrell, 75, a resident of Columbia Township, died peacefully at 3:15 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 28, 2012, at her home following a long battle with cancer.
She was born on Oct. 18, 1936, in Fort Wayne, a daughter of Sherman and Martha Mercerschmidt Noll.
Her formative years were spent in Fort Wayne, where her family owned a grocery store.
She graduated from North Side High School and received her nursing degree from the Parkview School of Nursing in 1958.
COLUMBIA CITY — Delores Coyle Mathews, 83, of Columbia City, died at 10:50 p.m. Saturday, Jan. 28, 2012, at her home. She had been in failing health.
She was born Nov. 7, 1928, in Milwaukee, a daughter of the late John and Josie (Ellington) Main.
Her formative years were spent in Wisconsin. She moved to Indiana at the age of 22, locating in Syracuse and then North Webster before moving to Columbia City in 1959.
She was employed in the laundry services of Whitley County Memorial Hospital for four years and then Bondflex Rubber for 24 years as an inspector. She retired in May of 1989.
COLUMBIA CITY — Mary A. Kitson, 96, of Columbia City, died at 7:50 a.m. Saturday, Jan. 28, 2012, at the home of her daughter.
She was born July 2, 1915, in Whitley County, a daughter of the late Orson Andrew and Mary Elizabeth (Roberts) Carmin.
She graduated from Larwill High School in 1934.
Following her graduation, she worked at the former Blue Bell, Columbia City.
On Feb. 12, 1938, she was united in marriage to Eugene Kitson. Mr. Kitson died Jan. 21, 1985.
They were the owners of Columbia Dairy until 1971, after which they started a vegetable and fruit farm north of Columbia City.
COLUMBIA CITY — Mary Louise Zuber, 74, Columbia City, passed away at 8:10 a.m. Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2011, at her residence.
She was born on July 17, 1937, in Fort Wayne, the daughter of Alexander and Dorothy (Kohel) Fox.
She attended Central Catholic High School, Fort Wayne and then married Wayne A. Zuber on Oct. 16, 1954, in Fort Wayne.
She was a homemaker and lived in Fort Wayne until 1990, moving to their lake home in Wolcottville for 17 years and has lived in Columbia City the past four years.
KIMMELL — Stanley E. Buckles, 97, of rural Kimmell, died at 12:45 a.m. on Thursday, Jan. 26, 2012, at Parkview Whitley Hospital where he had been admitted Wednesday.
He was born April 11, 1914, in Allen County, the only child of the late, Carlos E. and Cecelia (Lawrence) Buckles.
His formative years were spent in Washington Township, Noble County. He graduated from Wolf Lake High School.
On Dec. 25, 1940, he was united in marriage to Grace A. Coverstone. They made their home on the family farm in Washington Township, Noble County. Mrs. Buckles died June 20, 1999.
COLUMBIA CITY — Galen R. "Johnnie" Johnson, 82, of Columbia City, died at 1:30 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 26, 2012 at Parkview Whitley Hospital.
He was born Sept. 28, 1929, in Huntington County, a son of the late Andrew and Cornelia (Bauer) Johnson.
His formative years were spent in Washington Township.
He graduated from Washington Center High School in 1947.
He began his work career with Salisbury (Dana) Axle, Fort Wayne for 10 years and then began work with Columbia Dairy as a local dairy delivery man for 10 years.
COLUMBIA CITY — Clinton Brown, Jr., 69, of Columbia City, died at 2:55 p.m. Tuesday, Jan. 24, 2012 at Visiting Nurse and Hospice Home, Fort Wayne.
He was born Jan. 8, 1943, in Memphis, Tenn., a son of the late Clinton and Melissa (Laird) Brown.
Surviving relatives include two sons, John Brown, Columbia City and Clinton Brown III, Phoenix; eight grandchildren; two sisters, Almeda Tasker, Chicago and Mildred Shegog, Memphis, Tenn. and a brother, Donald Brown of Memphis, Tenn.
AVILLA — Helen S. Jetmore, 101, a resident of Avilla and widow of Charles Jetmore, died at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Jan. 24, 2012, at the Provena Sacred Heart Home in Avilla.
She was born Nov. 2, 1910, a daughter of Lewis Maynard and May (Dull) Sapp.
Among the surviving relatives are two nephews, Ren Sapp of Elkhart and James Bowman of Fort Wayne; and two sisters-in-law, Anna Jetmore of Huntertown and Lois Jetmore of Fort Wayne.
Graveside services will be held at 11 a.m. Friday at St. Patrick's Cemetery near Arcola with Chaplain Tom Novy, officiating. Interment will follow.
Virgil V. "Junior" Shirey, 74, passed away Tuesday, Jan. 24, 2012, at 9 a.m. in his home surrounded by his family after a long battle with cancer. Junior, as he was best known, was born Aug. 14, 1937, in Warsaw to Virgil C. and Freda (Jontz) Shirey.
He was a 1955 graduate of Mentone High School.
On April 20, 1957, in Columbia City, Junior and Marilyn Anderson were married.
They would share almost 55 years of marriage. Over the years they lived in Bourbon, Warsaw and presently at Palestine Lake.
Lois J. Preston, 89, of Columbia City, died at 9:30 a.m. Wednesday, Jan. 25, 2012, at Parkview Oaks where she was admitted on Oct 19. She was born Aug. 30, 1922, in Whitley County, a daughter of William Thomas and Ione J. (Tucker) Perry.
While she was in the second grade, her family moved to a farm in Dekalb County from the Coesse area.
She graduated from Butler High School.
On Aug. 31, 1940, she was united in marriage to Arthur Thomas Preston. They made their home in Fort Wayne until September, 1947, when they moved to their home in Columbia City.
Mr. Preston died Sept. 12, 1993.


text:
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Dec. 14, 2005 Task Force Baghdad soldiers detained 43 suspected terrorists during recent operations conducted to ensure a safe environment for Iraq's upcoming national elections, military officials in Baghdad reported today.
On Dec. 10, soldiers discovered a house containing an makeshift bomb and detained four suspected terrorists in separate incidents.
During a routine patrol of an area south of Baghdad, the Soldiers of B Company, 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, inspected an abandoned house and discovered the bomb, which consisted of a 5-foot pipe filled with explosives. An explosives team detonated it.
Earlier in the day, soldiers from A Battery, 1st Squadron, 75th Cavalry Regiment, detained two terrorists after searching their home. The soldiers found two AK-47 assault rifles with loaded magazines and a 12-gauge shotgun.
Soldiers from D Company, 2nd Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, detained two more terrorists after an explosion was heard in their area of operation. Upon investigation, the troops discovered a bomb had prematurely detonated. They searched the area and detained two suspected triggermen. South of Baghdad, soldiers from 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, detained 28 suspected terrorists in two separate incidents during continuous operations Dec. 8 and 9.
The soldiers of C Company, 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, nabbed 17 individuals Dec. 9 after an informant identified and associated them with terrorist activity. The capture began while the unit was conducting a cordon-and-search operation. Soldiers saw three suspicious men in a nearby field who appeared to be in an observation position. The suspects fled in two groups as a patrol approached to question them. Coalition forces engaged two of the men, killing them.
The third terrorist ran into a nearby house. Company soldiers immediately searched the home, capturing the individual, plus 16 more suspected terrorists.
In another incident, soldiers from D Company, 1st Battalion, 502nd Infantry Regiment, detained 11 suspected terrorists after stopping two vehicles in the early evening Dec. 8.
The soldiers were patrolling south of Baghdad when they stopped two suspicious vehicles containing eight individuals. Upon investigation, the soldiers discovered multiple cell phones, AK-47s, and two 120 mm rounds rigged as bombs. Six individuals were detained, but two men ran into a nearby house.
The patrol conducted a cordon-and-search operation and found three more individuals in the house. Soldiers detained all five suspects discovered in the house.
An explosives team confirmed the cars were being used to transport and emplace makeshift bombs. The team destroyed one vehicle and the Iraqi army confiscated the other.
In the skies over Iraq, coalition aircraft flew 54 close-air-support missions Dec. 13. U.S. Air Force F-16s and F-15s performed air strikes in the vicinity of Baghdad. The F-16s expended precision-guided munitions to successfully deny insurgents access to a bridge. The F-15s expended precision-guided munitions against an enemy bunker.
U.S. Navy F/A-18s provided close-air support to coalition troops in contact with insurgents near Balad.
Thirteen U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, and Royal Australian Air Force intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft flew missions in support of Iraq operations. British Royal Air Force fighter aircraft also performed in a nontraditional ISR role with their electro-optical and infrared sensors.
(Compiled from Multinational Force Iraq and U.S. Central Command Air Forces Forward news releases.)


text:
Mutual Funds - Open-Ended And Closed-End Funds
From a structural perspective, mutual funds can typically be broken down into two types.
Open-Ended Funds
These funds dominate the mutual fund marketplace, in terms of volume and assets under management. With open-ended funds, purchases and sales of fund shares take place directly between investors and the fund company. There's no limit to the number of shares the fund can issue; as more investors buy into the fund, more shares are issued. Federal regulations require a daily valuation process, called marking to market, which subsequently adjusts the fund's per-share price to reflect changes in portfolio (asset) value. The value of the individual's shares is not affected by the number of shares outstanding.
Related Readings
- 4 Alternatives To Traditional Mutual Funds
- A Brief History Of The Mutual Fund
- Liquidation Blues: When Mutual Funds Close
Closed-End Funds (CEF)
These funds issue only a specific number of shares through an initial public offering and do not issue new shares as investor demand grows. Prices are not determined by the net asset value (NAV) of the fund, but are driven by investor demand. Purchases of shares are often made at a premium or discount to NAV.
Related Readings:


text:
Gallery show floor replaced with 100K miniature skulls you walk on with bare feet
"What Will You Leave Behind?", Nino Sarabutra's installation at the Ardel Gallery in Bangkok, includes 100,000 tiny porcelain skulls that line the floor. You walk on them with your bare or stockinged feet as you traverse the gallery, looking at the rest of the show.


text:
Loading streams...
Now Playing
Connect with Us
Podcasts & RSS Feeds
|All Content
|View all podcasts & RSS feeds
Peoria Public Radio Staff
Membership Manager
Underwriting Representative
Underwriting Manager
Program Director
News Director
News Producer
Administrative Support
Interim Executive Director / Chief Engineer
News Producer
Operations Manager
Radio Information Service Director
Peoria Public Radio News
5:40 pm
Mon August 5, 2013
Peoria Civic Center preparing for WorldFest 2013
By Orko Manna
The Peoria Civic Center is preparing for WorldFest 2013.
The Civic Center is accepting booth applications for the event. Service booths associated with community non-profit groups are $30 and a limited number of retail booths are available for $65.
WorldFest 2013 is an annual celebration of the various ethnic groups in Central Illinois. The free event is Sept. 14 and features live entertainment, ethnic food and cultural displays.


text:
Explain how geography is important to themes of mobility (social or otherwise), social class, and separation in The Great Gatsby.
1 Answer | Add Yours
Geography plays an important role in distinguishing persons of different social or economic classes in The Great Gatsby.
When Nick moves to Long Island, he comes to reside in West Egg, one of the two egg-shaped peninsulas on the island. Nick soon comes to understand that West Egg is "the less fashionable of the two," with a further disparity between Nick's "small eyesore" of a house and the Gatsby mansion next door. West Egg was the residence of the people who had "new money" or who aspired to appear as if they had new money.
East Egg, on the other hand, was the location for "the white palaces of fashionable East Egg," the homes of those with well-established and well-endowed financial and social standings. The Buchanans lived on East Egg.
Caught in the desolate divide between Long Island and New York City was the "valley of ashes," which was as gray and hopeless for its residents as it sounded. George and Myrtle Wilson were trapped in this place - trapped by the realities of George's business, trapped by the circumstances of their loveless marriage, trapped by their inability to improve their situation.
Join to answer this question
Join a community of thousands of dedicated teachers and students.Join eNotes


text:
9 Do's & Don'ts Of Airport Fashion
Do: Bring Something To Read
3 of 10
Look at Ms. Selena Gomez here, with a bag from a bookstore in tow. Make the most of your time in the air -- after all, do you really need to see "Friends With Benefits" again?
Tags: airline, airplane, airport, celeb fashion, travel


text:
Clocking In
You have clocked in to MySA.com's business news blog about San Antonio and South Texas businesses and business people.
Posts filtered on Category
When pizza burns, nobody wins
Two managers at a Florida Domino's Pizza are charged with burning down Papa John's pizza after the Bevis and Butthead of the pizza chain world decided that their alleged arson would best settle the two restaurant's longstanding rivalry. I guess using better ingredients and better pizza was just too far fetched a strategy for the […] [Read More]
Food manager training offered
There's not much time to think it over, but the Texas AgriLife Extension Service is providing a one-day certification training program for food managers on Nov. 1. The training costs $105 and includes the training book "Food Safety: It's Our Business" and the certified professional food manager examination when instruction is complete. For those just […] [Read More]
Twin Peaks comes to SA
Twin Peaks, a sports bar staffed by women unafraid to display their assets, comes to San Antonio next month. Just think Hooters meets the mountains. The restaurant — the release refers to it as a 'retreat' — designed as a "rugged mountain lodge setting," is operating at eight locations in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex and […] [Read More]
Piranha Killer Sushi to open SA restaurant
North Texas-based Pirana Killer Sushi will open its first facility in San Antonio and the South Texas area at 260 E. Basse Road No. 101, this fall. It will feature a 3,500-square-foot restaurant seating 160 people and will also include an outdoor patio and bar. The first restaurant opened in 2001 in Arlington, then expanded […] [Read More]
Papouli's to open 4th restaurant
Officials at Papouli's Greek Grill Thursday said they will open their newest restaurant at Texas 151 and Potranco Road on the far Northwest Side near SeaWorld San Antonio in the fall. Nick Anthony, owner of the San Antonio-based chain founded in 2002, said the newest grill is aimed at satisfying the tastes of a growing […] [Read More]
Come, Mr. tally man, if you dare!
Reports of large bands of roving "banana crazed" apes and monkeys hitting area Whataburger's can not be confirmed at this time. But press releases close to this reporter can confirm that San Antonio-based Whataburger will begin offering new menu items including a new banana pie and a banana shake. The chain's new menu items will […] [Read More]
Sumo Restaurant replaces shuttered Benihana
The shuttered Benihana restaurant on the Northwest Side is set to re-open as a Sumo Japanese Restaurant next week. Cody Blair, general manager for the former restaurant, who will hold the same post with the new eatery, said the opening will be next Monday. The Benihana closed Aug. 4 after being open for 14 years. There will […] [Read More]
Benihana closes in S.A., Austin
The Benihana restaurants in San Antonio and Austin have closed. It is not clear how long the San Antonio restaurant, at 8342 I-10 West, has been shuttered. Earlier this week, patrons said they were surprised to show up at the Northwest Side facility only to be greeted by locked doors and disconnected telephone lines. Both […] [Read More]
Whataburger to open New Braunfels restaurant
San Antonio-based Whataburger plans to open a new restaurant in New Braunfels. The hamburger chain said the location is under construction and will open in late August. Whataburger said it will hire 60 part-time and full-time employees to work at the restaurant. Area residents can apply at any Whataburger restaurant or online. The family-owned eatery […] [Read More]
Tootie Pie says June sales up 42%
Tootie Pie Co. announced June 2011 sales were up 42 percent over the same month last year. The company said this is the 20th consecutive month of sales increases — May sales were up 37 percent over the same month last year. But despite growing sales, the company is losing money. According to data submitted […] [Read More]
Show More


text:
I voted in the IBWAA Hall Of Fame election for 2013, in which Mike Piazza was the only player elected this time around. In its 2013 Hall of Fame election the Internet Baseball Writers Association of America (IBWAA) selected Mike Piazza, with 79.10% of the vote. While no other player managed the required 75% threshold, Craig Biggio was closest with ... Read More »
Los Angeles Dodgers 2012 Season Preview: Catcher
When the list of Hall Of Fame catchers in Los Angeles Dodgers history is taken into consideration – Roy Campanella & Mike Piazza (not to mention the good showings of Russell Martin & Paul LoDuca) – the recent state of the backstop position in Los Angeles becomes even more depressing. The future in Carlos Santana gets shipped out, a declining ... Read More »


text:
jQuery UI Development [Video]
jQuery UI Development [Video]
Video Details
About This Video
- Utilize jQuery UI to its full potential
- Create your own interactions and widgets
- Understand how to skin jQuery UI elements and themes quickly
Who This Video Is For
If you want to save hundreds of hours on building your own components, this video course is ideal for you. We will demonstrate how to easily design elegant and powerful front-end interfaces for web applications. A working knowledge of JavaScript and a familiarity with jQuery would be useful, but are not vital.
Table of Contents
What You Will Learn
- Set up a custom jQuery UI library
- Minify your library and make it more efficient
- Get to grips with components and how to skin them quickly
- Use the ThemeRoller to create custom themes in a jiffy
- Understand how events work in jQuery UI
- Hands-on demonstrations with detailed explanations and code
- Drag-and-drop elements using the jQuery UI features
- Work with over 9 key components
In Detail
jQuery UI is a trusted suite of official plug-ins for the jQuery JavaScript library, which gives you a solid platform on which to build rich and engaging interfaces with maximum compatibility and stability, and minimum time and effort.
jQuery UI training is made easy in this video, with step-by-step examples, useful tips, and quick tricks. This course breaks down complex tasks into bite-sized chunks, making it the best resource for you to use if you want to start using jQuery UI. Learn how to save hundreds of hours in development using jQuery UI's awesome components.
Even in the HTML 5 world of today, there are many oft used components and functionalities that still aren't part of a browser out of the box; this library is the critical solution, which will save you hundreds of hours while building highly sophisticated components for your applications. We'll cover the basics, and then build our first component – the datePicker - and we'll customize its characteristics. We'll discuss the ThemeRoller application for quickly skinning components, and the dialog component in all its detail. You'll also learn how to discover component features on your own, how to listen in on variables and changes, as well as how to trigger and listen to events. We'll then kick it up a notch with jQuery UI's drag-and-drop capabilities and build a working example that uses all of these features. We'll use components effectively, examine event properties in detail, and even clean up our code to make it more presentable. We'll wrap up by demonstrating as many of jQuery UI's essential and popular components as we can, followed by a brief course recap and summary.
Style and Approach
Packt video courses are designed to cover the breadth of the topic in short, hands-on, task-based videos. Each course is divided into short manageable sections, so you can watch the whole thing or jump to the bit you need. The focus is on practical instructions and screencasts showing you how to get the job done.
jQuery UI training is made easy, with step-by-step examples, useful tips, and quick tricks. This course breaks down complex tasks into bite-sized chunks, making it your quickest resource to jump-start your journey with jQuery UI. Learn how to save hundreds of hours in development using jQuery UI's awesome components.


text:
6 Reviews
4 star
3 star
2 star
1 star
Average Customer Review
Share your thoughts with other customersCreate your own review
Most Helpful First | Newest First
5.0 out of 5 stars Excellent, up-to-date aid to quit smoking.,
JDiver "You haven't lived until you've dived." (Roseville, CA USA) - See all my reviews
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
As a trainer of health professioanls and trainers for smoking cessation programs (Lung, Cancer and Heart Associations), I think this is a very effective self-help book for those interested in quitting smoking. It follows time-tested and proven behavioral change techniques, and has information on the newest aids, such as nicotine replacement therapy (gum and patches) and Zyban. - This book should be of particular help to those who have tried to quit previously, using only "will power" or "gut power"- which for most of us, isn't enough. It also has lots of self-work that will enable the smoker to learn the unique aspects of his / her smoking habit, and to personalize the reasons and methods of quitting- as well as how to make the vital period after quitting lead to success, not relapse. - For the busy person or the one who has no interest in groups, this book can be a big help to make this attempt at quitting a difficult habit a lifelong success!
5.0 out of 5 stars Even you can quit too!!!,
Jerry N. Smart "Big Baby" (UPPER MARLBORO, MARYLAND United States) - See all my reviews
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
This book helped me realize that I too can quit, and for good!!! It carefully explains statistics, effects and mortality rates, be it gender or age. Each step is very clear and very easy to follow. The Pack Track, notes and defense mechanisms that are given to you in this book will help anyone kick the butts for good!!! Very easy reading and easy on the eyes. Step by step until you are smoke free is the success that comes with this book. Mr. Fisher and Mr. Koop did an outstanding job on this book. The alternatives and attitude changing methods toward smoking are simply superb. Realizations are met on all sides of quitting in this book. From the ones who have quit numerous times to the struggle of relaspes. This book has it all covered. Hypnosis, gum, patches, fading, or whatever method exists, is clearly explained and can be tailored to suit anyone's need on any level!!!
5.0 out of 5 stars For all you young smokers looking to quit, this works!,
email@example.com (United Arab Emirates, Dubai.) - See all my reviews
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
I'm 21. Started smoking at 15. Well, i can finally say "NO" every time a friend offers me a ciggy! I was smoking atleast two packs a day. I also had so many psychological dependancies on this global killer. I smoked when i was happy, sad, or just when i felt bored. I guess i smoked the most when the going got tough, especially in college when the work got unbearable. People this book.."7 steps to a smoke free life" is definitely effective when wanting to educate yourself on the dangers and rewards of quitting smoking. It took me exactly 1 month to break off the habit! And every time i feel like slipping up, this book ,as a reference, just convinces me otherwise. Take my word for it......buy it.I definitly recommend it. Thanks to the American Lung Association!!
5.0 out of 5 stars It has been now 2 years!,
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
I got a note from an amazon customer, congratulating me on my quitting. For all the ones that will be cosidering this book now and feel it is impossible to quit, I strongly reccomend it and its methodology. I myself, after seeing my father quit smoking when he had his third heart surgery and my mother after her eye surgeries, thought I would not be able to do it. However, as of Jan 19,2001 and since Dec 20 1998 I have been smoke free. Should you know someone who needs help to quit smoking, I am willing to be part of the network support.
5.0 out of 5 stars Stay Smoke Free!!!,
By A Customer
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
I found this book to be full of helpful ideas to keep you or a loved one off tabacco. It takes you through pre-quiting with great ideas to help you prepare, all the way through to staying smoke free forever. I have been very greatful for this book and recommend it to everyone!
5.0 out of 5 stars I was able to quit! This was my Bible during the Storm.,
This review is from: American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life (Paperback)
Very simple and easy to read guide. Up to date with lots of reccomendations that help. I was a pack and a half a day smoker. I smoked for 17 years. Feel free to contact me should you need support to help you quit. I am buying copies for my friends.
Most Helpful First | Newest First
American Lung Association 7 Steps to a Smoke-Free Life by Edwin B. Fisher (Paperback - April 13 1998)
Usually ships in 3 to 5 weeks


text:
Armed with a blow torch, a 24 by 6 piece of vinyl and a few simple tools, Frank Hricak from Designer Wraps installed the first ads to adorn Washington Township's school buses.
The bright yellow advertisement for Sahara Sam's indoor and outdoor waterpark will be featured on the sides of 53 of the district's 80-plus fleet, joining Deptford as the first two districts in Gloucester County to partner with SchoolBusAds.org, run by the Educational Information and Resource Center (EIRC) of Mullica Hill.
While the EIRC instituted a pilot program with a few Comcast advertisements on Atlantic County and Camden school buses last September, this is the first major launch of a long-term advertising contract. Sahara Sam's ads will be on the buses for a total of 14 months. EIRC doesn't charge for summer months, when they'll get reduced use.
"Now it's starting to take off in Washington Township and Deptford," said Alicia Truman, marketing director of the EIRC. "They're going to be the big start to the program."


text:
As the School of General Studies prepares for a spring overhaul of academic support services, a task force will evaluate University Studies, a non-credit course that is required for certain first-year students.
About one in four students is placed into the course by the department of admissions to help them with adjustment to college life, according to Dean of GS Students Tom Harford. Harford said that placement focuses on students who have had an especially long break in their studies or have received a substantial number of college credits at another school.
R.J. Jenkins, the assistant dean of students at GS, said that the goal of the class is to "give students a space where they can discuss issues about transitioning into Columbia and to educate and inform them about who's here to help them."
Still, some students said that the course, which meets for one hour per week and features workshops on study and sleeping habits, is too basic for a college-level course.
"University Studies has been a mostly bizarre experience this semester," Jonathan O'Connor, GS '16, said. "The early activities were breathing exercises, a seminar on the fact that sleep was important, and a seminar on the fact that friendship was important, which were all a joke."
Harford said that a five-person task force—including Jenkins and Melanie Rios, the assistant dean of academic support services—has been gathering data on the course throughout the semester and will prepare a proposal for an updated version of the course.
"The task force is looking at tutoring, our coaching program, our ongoing workshops, but at the forefront has been University Studies," Harford said. "One thing's for certain—the current iteration will evolve into something else."
On the last day of the course, Nov. 20, the 113 students enrolled were asked to fill out an evaluation form.
"I'm not interested in having people pet us on the head and tell us we're doing a great job without also telling us where we could be doing a better job," Jenkins said. "Because Columbia University is a place where we strive for excellence in everything we do, and this should be no exception."
"Really, what we're doing is we're looking really hard at what we do so that we can make it more responsive and really provide what it is that our students need," Jenkins said.
As the course nears its 10th academic year of running with the same general format, mixed student feedback has generally encouraged a redesign.
"Basically, those of us in the course this year have not actually understood what it was," O'Connor said. "It didn't feel like an extended orientation, but it didn't feel like a skills seminar either. And some of the activities early on were genuinely laughable."
"The more recent, much-improved ones have featured guest speakers to talk about, for instance, the CCE, or speeches from current GS students about how to acclimatize to student life," O'Connor said.
O'Connor also expressed confusion about the "failing" policy of the course. The course carries no credit and no grade is assigned for it, but failure to attend enough classes results in a "W."
Though other students had more favorable accounts, they still pointed to weaknesses in the current format. Ryan Smith, GS '16, said that the lectures were hit-or-miss.
"They were helpful—I mean, it depends on which one," Smith said, adding that a "good amount" of the course content overlapped with orientation week activities.
While the proposal for a new course won't be drawn up until winter break, Harford noted that the task force currently has some ideas for a new version of the course for the spring semester.
"I can say it's very likely that the class will move away from a lecture format to be more inclusive of group activities and active learning," Harford said, "and that an effort will be made to incorporate the content from students' course work."
Harford also said that the course will most likely be broken up into different sections to accommodate the specific needs of students. Sections would vary in terms of the subjects they would address and vary in length depending on how much guidance students need.
"It's just particularly important that we get this right for GS, given that the students are coming into such a competitive, elite environment after having a break in their studies," Harford said. "I believe it's tantamount to their success."
Dear Stephanie - I applaud your efforts - I really and truly do - but why didn't you talk to more than 2 first-semester students? Why didn't you talk to anyone who has completed University Studies? Our dear Dean Harford (who I love btw) and Assistant Dean RJ Jenkins (also an excellent individual) have been at GS all of 14 months and 3 months, respectively. The work they are trying to do is admirable but the truth is - they haven't been at GS very long!!!! I loved the University Studies program - please note - it cannot be considered a class - it's a workshop. Yes, I agree - a lot of it was BS and some of it was laughable - but it gave me some great friends and gave me some incredibly useful and important information that I missed during the craziness of orientation. Having that space once a week to bring up issues that I had was important - as was having fellow students to commiserate with in an academic environment without competition or frustration about grading. (and they gave us free pizza) In fact, at a recent GS student life focus group a few of us advocated for the University Studies to be part of every incoming GS students' experience. And to address Dean Harford's proposed solution - while it would be nice to have smaller group sessions - that might make US an even more ridiculous experience since it would increase forced participation - do we really want to go around the room and everyone say something that's bothering them and we all have breathing exercises? That's group therapy, not a study skills workshop. Having many sessions also means students trying to balance their already busy and complicated schedules need to coordinate further and extra work and effort for whoever is teaching the class(es) - meaning significantly less options for guest speakers or current GS students. The syllabus of University Studies definitely needs an overhaul, but other than that I liked it. I sincerely hope that the 5-person task force includes a balance of perspectives.


text:
Johnson is facing Yetta Kurland and Alexander Meadows in the upcoming primary.
Alexander Meadows is the third openly gay candidate for the District 3 seat on Manhattan's West Side.
The waterfront committee of Community Board 2 heard more than a dozen proposals Monday night for free performances and art exhibitions intended to ease tensions on Pier 45.
Several members of the LGBT youth organization FIERCE said they would like to participate in a joint patrol of Pier 45.
Get our daily New York City news and alerts!
Terms of Use |Privacy Policy
Thank you for signing up!
Would you like to sign up for additional newsletters?
Thank you for signing up for additional newsletters.


text:
Press release from GlobeNewswire (a Nasdaq OMX company)
SunOpta Inc. Schedules Fourth Quarter and Year Ended 2010 Financial Results Release and Conference Call
Tuesday, February 01, 2011
SunOpta Inc. Schedules Fourth Quarter and Year Ended 2010 Financial Results Release and Conference Call04:30 EST Tuesday, February 01, 2011TORONTO, Feb. 1, 2011 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- SunOpta Inc. ("SunOpta" or the "Company") (Nasdaq:STKL) (TSX:SOY) announced today that it will issue its financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended January 1, 2011 on March 8, 2011, after the close of the stock markets. The Company plans to host a conference call at 10:00 AM Eastern Time on Wednesday, March 9, 2011, to discuss the fourth quarter and year ended 2010 financial results and recent corporate developments. After opening remarks, there will be a question and answer period. This conference call can be accessed via a link at the Company's website at www.sunopta.com. To listen to the live call over the Internet, please go to the Company's website at least 15 minutes early to register, download and install any necessary audio software. Additionally, the call may be accessed with the toll free dial-in number 1 (877) 312 - 9198 or International dial-in number (613) 291 - 4622. If you are unable to listen live, the conference call will be archived and can be accessed for approximately 90 days at the Company's website. A replay number can also be accessed between March 9th and 16th with the toll free dial-in number 1 (800) 642 - 1687 or (706) 645 - 9291 followed by pass code: 40966049#.About SunOpta Inc. SunOpta is a leading global company focused on natural, organic and specialty foods and natural health products. The Company specializes in sourcing, processing and packaging of natural and organic food products, integrated from seed through packaged products; with a focus on strategically vertically integrated business models. The Company's core natural and organic food operations focus on value-added grains, fiber and fruit based product offerings, supported by a global infrastructure. The Company has two non-core holdings, a 66.4% ownership position in Opta Minerals Inc. (TSX:OPM), a producer, distributor, and recycler of environmentally friendly industrial materials; and a minority ownership position in Mascoma Corporation, an innovative biofuels company. The SunOpta Inc. logo is available at http://www.globenewswire.com/newsroom/prs/?pkgid=3958CONTACT: SunOpta Inc. Steve Bromley, President & CEO Eric Davis, Vice President & CFO Tony Tavares, Vice President & COO Susan Wiekenkamp, Information Officer Tel: 905-455-2528, ext 103 email@example.com Website: www.sunopta.com


text:
Residents along Bratton and Martintown Roads should see their neighborhood becoming a little safer in the next several months. The area, part of the most-recently-annexed sections of the city, will be better lighted and also have some improved traffic control. New Albany light, gas and water manager Bill Mattox said that residents on Bratton and […]
Bratton Road-Martintown area to get street lights, traffic control
City resumes action on house condemnations
Although the city has not designated a new code enforcement officer, New Albany aldermen took up a condemnation case at their monthly meeting Tuesday that has been going on for more than a year. In January 2014, aldermen moved ahead with efforts to begin demolition of unsafe, uninhabitable housing in the city. One of the […]
'Night Our for New Haven' set for April 18
This year's "Night Out for New Haven" will be at 7 p.m. Saturday, April 18, again at the Magnolia Civic Center. The successful fund-raiser, coming up on its sixth year, is a main source of financial support for the local center for special-needs adults. Admission is only $10 and entertainment will again be provided by […]
Business 2 Business and UCDA breakfast to combine for economic roundtable
This month's Union County Development Association CEO/GM breakfast will be combined with the quarterly Business 2 Business networking event sponsored by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Mississippi. This meeting, set for Thursday, April 16, is being moved to a breakfast time in order to include many of the retail owners in New Albany who cannot attend a […]
Wal-Mart, UCDA sponsor classes on how to manage driving
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, there were 32,719 highway fatalities in 2013, or about 90 per day. Traffic fatalities are the number-one cause of death among those 15-29 and 44 percent of all those killed deliberately chose not to use seat belts. This past week, Sid Muzzy talked about the public outcry […]
Shaving gel from Thailand? Really.
I was holding a can of shaving gel one morning last week and preparing to shave when I happened to notice that the small print on the can read "Made in Thailand." Now why would my shaving gel be made in Thailand? I wondered. Not that I have anything against Thailand. I actually enjoyed a […]
Home and Garden
Our annual event here in New Albany that kicks off spring is happening this Friday and Saturday at the Union County Fairgrounds. It's the New Albany Home and Garden Show, which is sponsored by the Union County Master Gardeners group with help from the Mississippi State Extension Service. What started on a relatively small scale […]
New Albany High on way to becoming state's first all-iPad school
New Albany school trustees took the first official step Monday toward making New Albany High School an all-iPad school. "We will be the first true all-iPad school in the State of Mississippi," NAHS Principal Lance Evans told the board at their monthly meeting. The board voted unanimously to approve advertising for bids on the equipment. […]
Legislature approves expansion of city gas system service area
A bill signed by Gov. Phil Bryant Wednesday will allow the city-owned New Albany Gas System to expand its service area, possibly becoming one of the largest such systems in the state. "Pontotoc is the only other city system in the state that can go outside in the county," Northern District Public Service […]
County seeks $1.5 million grant for industrial development
The Union County Board of Supervisors voted unanimously Monday to apply for a Community Development Block Grant of up to $1.5 million to be used to help bring industrial prospects to this area. The CDBG grant is to be sought in conjunction with the City of New Albany. Aldermen were expected to vote on the […]
- State residents to get yearly back-to-school purchasing 'tax holiday' July 29, 2015
- Back to school time July 31, 2015
- Only three days left to campaign before party primaries Tuesday July 31, 2015
- Potts Camp native turns love of animals into international career and work preserving species July 31, 2015
- Take advantage of tax holiday to save on fall clothes July 31, 2015
- East Union community mourns the loss of student August 1, 2015
- Back to school time July 31, 2015
- Only three days left to campaign before party primaries Tuesday July 31, 2015
- Potts Camp native turns love of animals into international career and work preserving species July 31, 2015
- Take advantage of tax holiday to save on fall clothes July 31, 2015
Local Resources
Visit New Albany
New Albany Main Street Association
New Albany Schools
Union County Development Association
Union County Library
Union County Heritage Museum
Tanglefoot Trail
Divorce Lawyer
Mayfield Law Firm
Social Security Disability Lawyer
Bankruptcy Lawyer
Auto Accidents Lawyer
Tupelo Lawyer
Thames Family Dentistry
Nettleton Dentist
Subscribe to Blog via Email
Recent Posts
Recent Comments
- Bradley on NAHS students get to pick up iPads next week
- Mike Demele on Texting and driving
- christian go on New Albany school board votes to make high school 'all iPad' school
- Ian Somer on Education standards
- Edwin Montenegro on Toyota Corolla production move from Canada to South America will not affect Blue Springs plant
Call us (662) 534-6321
© 2015 New Albany Gazette. All Rights Reserved.


text:
Have you thought about a career in the beauty industry?
Have you thought about a career in the beauty industry? (In any capacity, whether that's as a makeup artist, in marketing, chemistry, etc.)
If beauty blogging counts, then absolutely, and here I am!
Do you have a question idea? Submit yours here.
Discussion and debate are highly encouraged, and we expect community members to participate respectfully. When asking a question, please check the FAQ section (above) for information about purchasing, price, dupes, and the like. If you have general feedback or need technical support, please contact us.
Comments that include advertisements, self-promotion, insults, etc. may be in violation of our comment policy and subject to deletion. Please see our comment policy for more information.


text:
Deepening Union: A Benedictine Commitment
Junior Essay Winner
Brother Boniface Hamilton, O.S.B.
There are certain qualities that are characteristic of a monastic leader. An abbey's monks, living in close proximity to one another, will recognize the candidate's caliber and potential, but they also will test those presumptions daily. The trials that accompany adherence to a monastic community, and the struggles of its cloistered life, are unremitting. Yet while these observances can be a highly subjective test, they also can allow a monk to distinguish himself early, exemplifying all the attributes that can gain the affections of his confreres and command the admiration of all.
At Belmont Abbey, Father Thomas Oestreich (1872-1943) is often mentioned as a man whose potential was recognized early. In particular, his rise in the full extent of his abbey's life--monastic, academic, pastoral, religious, scholarly--is still recognized. This paper is an assessment of what the Belmont monastery appreciated in Oestreich, qualities recognized still today
Return to the abbey and college


text:
Hackers in the USA have found vulnerabilities that allow them to control cars' computer systems from their laptops.
The hackers were able to disable the brakes on a Ford Escape travelling at a slow speed so that the car will not stop regardless of how hard the driver is pushing the pedal.
The Toyota Prius was also targeted, with the hackers able to make the car brake suddenly while travelling at 80 miles per hour.
These weaknesses in the computer systems were found by two hackers who had received a government grant to carry out research into software vulnerabilities.
It is hoped their findings will help car manufacturers prevent such security breaches in the future.
A 2011 study based on Bluetooth systems and wireless networks had previously found a way to remotely control certain brands of cars.
How can your business protect its systems from cyber attacks? Find out at The European Information Security Summit 2014.
Transform your IT department to align with your business objectives: IT Transformation 2013.


text:
At Krylon®, our company's contributions and commitments extend far beyond the products and services we provide. Learn more about Krylon's outreach initiatives and how we are devoted to serving communities on a local, national and global level.
Keep America Beautiful
Krylon supports Keep America Beautiful, the nation's largest non-profit community improvement network, to encourage community volunteer opportunities. Learn more about our partnership with Keep America Beautiful.
Krylon® Clear Choice Art Scholarship
Krylon gives back to the fine arts establishment through the annual Clear Choice Art Scholarship Program. Explore past winner submissions and discover how you can apply for the Krylon Clear Choice Art Scholarship.
Discover the proper way to recycle aerosol cans and how these actions can conserve energy and natural resources.
Krylon strives to minimize the impact our products and our company as a whole make on the environment. Learn more about Krylon's commitment to sustainability.


text:
6 guests maximum
75 m2
2 bedroom apartment
2 bathrooms
1 double bed
2 single bed
1 double sofa bed
A few words about the apartment…
You want something stylish? Check out this apartment. It´s modern, comfortable and has a lot of style and space. The kitchen is great, a perfect place to prepare some nice meals. The apartment is in St Germain des Prés. Here you´ll find nice little shops and trendy bars and restaurants.
Check-in / Check-out
The standard check-in time is from 15:00 and the check-out by 11:00.
Arrivals and departures outside this standard time are always tried to be accommodated depending on other guests.
Payment method upon arrival : cash, visa, visa electron, mastercard
Refundable damage deposit upon arrival : € 500.00 card details will be taken. The damage deposit will be returned at check-out.
For a late check-in after 20:00 or an early check-out before 08:00 there is an extra cost of € 50.
Please note : non smoking, pets are not allowed, no parties please, no young groups
Facilities and amenities
- Internet
- Pets allowed
- Smoking allowed
- International TV
- Air conditioning
- Heating
- Fan
- Bed linen
- Towels
- Baby cot
- Washing machine
- Dryer
- Dishwasher
- Microwave
- Oven
- Complete kitchenware
- Balcony
- Terrace
- Garden
- Swimming pool
- Parking
- Lift (apt. is on 6th floor)
Back to the top


text:
Quick Links
Fearrington's wine program is delighted to offer 10% off six or more bottles of wine purchased at The Goat! Whether you ask The Goat's wine guru to mix and match a custom case, or you choose the bottles yourself, you'll enjoy wines from hand-selected producers at a great value!
More about wine >
Reserve a Room
Fearrington House
Reserve a Table >
Fearrington Granary
Fearrington House Inn
Reserve a Room >
The Spa at Fearrington
Make an Appointment >
Real Estate
Tour Homes >
Live Music
Brien Barbour at Roost >
August 5, 5-8 p.m.
Village Calendar >
I am interested in...
Real Estate
Village News
Books & Authors
Food & Wine
Corporate Meetings
All Things Wine
Shop gift certificates and gift cards and give the gift of Fearrington.
Shop here >
June 15, 2015 12:33 PM | By Village Confidant | Comments
Chef Colin Bedford and team are ready for summertime! With new pizzas on the menu, including one with a summer staple — peaches — this is a treat you must try! See who's playing and mark your calendar to visit Roost this Thursday, Friday or Saturday.
Mozzarella, Tomato, Basil $10
Prosciutto, Olives, Fontina, Parmesan $15
Pancetta, Broccolini, Oyster Mushrooms, Garlic Puree, Confit Onions & Asiago Cheese $17
Local Peaches, Shiitake Mushrooms, Balsamic, Cipollini Onions, Gorgonzola, Honey Drizzle $16
Zucchini, Kale, Onion Jam, Broccolini, Pesto, Ricotta, Parmesan $12
Sweet Italian Sausage, Peppers, Onion, Smoked Mozzarella, Pickled Peppers, Bread Crumbs $15
Roost, The Fearrington Granary, The Goat
The Fearrington-Fullsteam summer collaboration brew is on tap throughout Fearrington Village and the Triangle. Give it a try at Roost this weekend!
Session India Tea Ale (ITA) brewed with Lemon Peel
Brewer's Notes
This beer is a new twist on a traditional IPA. Made with 18% local malt this beer has the flavors and aromas of an IPA but with a toned down ABV that makes it more palatable for the hotter months. The hops have been carefully selected to pair with... Full Post >
The Fearrington House Inn, Wine
One of the most surprising and cherished guest experiences is our turndown service. Complimentary with each night's stay, our skilled and experienced housekeeping team will tidy your room and refresh your linens while you are dining at The Fearrington House Restaurant or The Granary. The best part, however, is the Rozès Port, housemade chocolate truffles, and complimentary slippers that are present upon your return!
Rozès Tawny Porto is a product of Portugal, and is a soft, delicious... Full Post >
At McIntyre's Books
McIntyre's is excited to host several book clubs this summer to fit all ages of readers! Check out our schedule below and check the calendar to see all upcoming McIntyre's Books events!
For Elementary School Readers
June 23rd - Chasing Vermeer, Blue Balliett
July 21st - Escape from Mr. Lemoncello's Library, Chris Grabenstein
August 18th - Ruby Holler, Sharon Creech
For Middle School Readers
June 17th - Roller Girl, Victoria Jamieson
July 15th - Trash, Andy Mulligan
August 12th -... Full Post >
At Dovecote
Here at Dovecote Style, we've got you covered for Father's Day. Our brand new custom Beltie ties put a Fearrington spin on this annual celebration of Dad, while charming socks in whimsical colors and prints make for a fun take on a classic gift.
If your pops is a jet setter, we've got beautiful carry-on bags and leather portfolios. If he's a cocktail aficionado, we have gorgeous aperitif books and accessories for the home bar. A golfer? A dog lover? Surely we've got some nice presents for... Full Post >
At Haven, In Our Spa
Throughout June, July and August, The Spa at Fearrington celebrates the arrival of summer with our exotic Mango Coconut Delight treatments. Mangos are high in antioxidants and healing qualities. Additionally, mangos provide a remarkably high content of beta carotene and vitamin C as well as impressive numbers for vitamins B1, B2, B3 and B6. Coconuts are rich in vitamins and minerals, coconut oil and coconut milk exhibit excellent compatibility to the skin.
Feel rejuvenated and soft, like a... Full Post >


text:
Everyday People
Vincent T. Davis catches up with people from all walks of life and puts the spotlight on their accomplishments.
Monthly Archive for August, 2011
Family Legacy
Ralph and Lili Hernandez created their American dream in a restaurant they named the Little Red Barn Steakhouse. They founded the Southeast Side restaurant on Labor Day 1963, built on the code of the Old West and old school values. And most importantly, it was a legacy they left to their daughters, Nancy Hernandez, Marissa […] [Read More]


text:
Winter Song and Dance Matinee
Saturday, Dec 15, 2012 at 12:00pm
85 Main Street, Irvington, NY 10533
Winter Song and Dance Matinee 1
Presented By: Sleepy Hollow Performing Arts Center
Time: Sat, Dec 15, 2012 - 12:00pm
Come enjoy the youngest students of Sleepy Hollow Performing Artists and Dance Life as they perform new and classic songs and dances. With an incredible cuteness factor this show will be the sweetest show for all to enjoy.
Ticket Pricing:
$18 - Adults
$16 - Seniors and Students
Please call Sleepy Hollow PAC at 914 909 5070 for tickets


text:
« Quote Request Product List »
Update Quantity
44T1738 Intel Quad-Core Xeon X5460 3.16 GHz 1333 MHz L2 12 MB 2 x 6MB 6MB/ per core pair Processor Upgrade. New Retail Factory Sealed with Full Manufacturer Warranty.
To add more products, click "Quote" button from product pages.
To remove any product from the list, set quantity to '0'.


text:
The Tippmann US army Carver One power back is a great starter package for any paintball player.
The US Army Carver One Power Pack includes everything you need to get started in paintball, including the marker, 200-round hopper, anti fog goggles and a 9 oz CO2 tank. The marker features a realistic military appearance and comes with a high-performance 8 ½" barrel, four picatinny rails for customization and a heavy duty stainless steel braided gasline.
Warranty: This gun has a 1 year limited warranty through the manufacturer. You can contact Tippmann at 1-800-533-4831.
Punishers Paintball Supply © 2003-
All Rights Reserved.
All photography and text on this site is the original work of Punishers Paintball Supply and manufacturers.
Contents may not be used for any commercial or non-commercial purpose without prior written consent from www.punisherspb.com.
eCommerce Hosting by Resposio


text:
- Home
- News
- Sports
- Classifieds
- Obituaries
- Entertainment
- Special Sections
- Games
- June Real Estate Guide
- Summer Life in Whitley County
COLUMBIA CITY — Leadership Whitley County (LWC) recently received a state award for its creativity in combining youth and adults in community involvement.
"I didn't feel right accepting this award on my own," said Kelley Sheiss, program director for LWC. "This was really earned by those who had the vision to incorporate the youth into what we were doing."
Given by the Indiana Leadership Association, LWC received the Innovation Award for 2013.
As a community outreach organization, LWC works to instruct adults in areas of communication, teamwork and civic duty.
To read the rest of this story, see the June 27 issue of The Post and Mail. Don't have a subscription? Call (260) 244-5153 or subscribe to our e-edition. For breaking news, sports updates and additional coverage, bookmark the homepage and find us on facebook and twitter.


text:
Unlike Erin, I'm sadly without a yard, or even patio access, to grow a little herb garden. But I haven't let that stop me – I'm trying my hand at apartment gardening!
My kitchen window receives at least two hours of sunlight every day – so I put a small planter there with two basil plants, an oregano plant and a Venus fly trap (for fun) to see if they could survive. I'm forever buying bushels of herbs at the grocery store, using them for one meal and then watching as they go bad in the fridge. I wanted to stop being so wasteful, and also have herbs on demand. So far, so good!
A few things I've learned thus far:
- Too much sunlight is actually bad. When I had the planter in a window that received more sun than the one in the kitchen – it was located off the master bedroom – the herbs shriveled and were near death. Moving them where their sun was a little more limited brought them back to life.
- Watering is a delicate art. Though all the instructions I read about taking care of house basil and oregano said to water them sparingly, I've found that watering more often keeps the spring in their stem.
- Venus fly traps are the world's easiest plants to maintain. I originally got the plant to help with a fruit fly infestation that followed the purchase of some bananas. But it's actually turned out to be quite fun! It's so satisfying to come home and see a closed leaf that had been open earlier in the day. Take that, fruit flies.
To figure out what works best in your particular apartment, just pay attention to the plants every day for the first few weeks. You'll be able to notice differences in their look and health immediately. For example, I noticed that the day after watering the basil, the leaves were always full and green. When I was watering them less often (every two days rather than every other day) they immediately wilted. So, I started watering them just a little every day. The oregano requires regular pruning and needs just slightly more water than the basil, even though it's a smaller plant. The key is to not be afraid to lose a stem or two, and remember exactly what you are doing every day so that you know how to fix it.
Next up, I have seed packets for lavender, sage, thyme and even some daffodil to plant and start to grow. Stay tuned for how those fare in indoor conditions!


text:
1992 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible. 5.7 V8 engine, automatic transmission, leather seats, Bose AM/FM/Tape/CD, power windows-locks-mirrors and more. Completely stock and unmolested. New Chevrolet dealer... More
For sale is a 1992 Chevrolet Corvette located in our Indianapolis Showroom. This particular 1992 C4 Corvette for sale is powered by the almighty... More
1992 Chevrolet Corvette LT-1, This beautiful Corvette has been well-maintained. Kept in heated storage unit in the winter months. Cloth car cover is included.... More
A very nice 1992 Corvette , original paint and in excellent condition , new interior and runs and drive great . You would think... More
SUMMARY1064 actual mile survivor1 of 3 ZR-1s equipped with Black paint and Arctic White trim1 of 2 1992 ZR-1s equipped with Black paint and... More
1 Family Owned, Limited Edition Black Rose Convertible 1 of 662 ~CALL US FOR A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE CAR! WE DO... More
1992 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible (VIN: 1G1YY33P6N5101696), black / black leather / black convertible top, 80,100 original miles, 4-spd. auto trans., LT1 5.7L 8 cyl.... More
1992 Chevrolet Corvette ConvertibleAmerican ClassicV8 cylinder engineRear wheel driveWell maintainedRuns and drives great68000 milePower steeringPower windows and door locksAM FM radioGood brakes and tiresLeather... More
1992 Corvette (Chevrolet) Hatchback Coupe 2-dr Arizona car - 2nd owner - 67,000 miles 5.7 liter V8 LT1 Automatic Dual roof panels Air conditioning (134A refrigerant) Power steering, windows, door... More
This 1992 Chevrolet Corvette convertible is for sale in our Louisville KY showroom. The C4 which had been released almost 10 years ago did... More
1992 Chevrolet Corvette, 29,600 Miles. This is a beautiful, NCRS Platinum Award Winning, McLellan Mark of Excellence (98.6 Hampton 2013) winning Corvette. It has also... More
1992 Chevrolet Corvette Convertible VIN: 1G1YY33PXN5106268 This beautiful, well cared for Triple Black 1992 Corvette Convertible has been garage kept its entire life. Bought... More
Hold on to your hats Ladies and Gentleman this 3-owner 1992 Corvette is ready to take you for one incredible ride. The... More
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THIS VEHICLE PLEASE CONTACT CRAIG ON 909 730 1555 MIKE ON 909 644 6220 OR MARCO ON 909 286 8000... More
CORVETTE: 1992 coupe, automatic, white, black leather, 114,000 miles, cold a/c, nice FL car, asking $4,900. 954-989-9777, FL.... More