text:
100% Pure Bentonite
2 lbs Bentonite $7.99
5 lbs Bentonite $14.99
15 lbs Bentonite $23.99
25 lbs Bentonite $33.95
I am not a doctor. I cannot prescribe, diagnose, or say you can use this mineral to treat or cure any condition, And the statements made here on our website Have Not Been Evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This is not a drug, and I am not selling this product for the purpose of human consumption.
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We want to hear from you.
Please tell us about your results using our clay. We will post that information here for all Bentonite Clay users to benefit from.
Whether you like it or not. We will post it here.
Our latest Testimonial is from;
Uniquely Created has a Hair clarifying mask...
I mix the bentonite clay with apple cider vinegar which is a healthy all natural cleanser for the scalp..I mix in olive oil,avocado oil,jojoba oil and a few drops of essentials oils which include lemon oil,tee tree oil,nettle oil,hemp oil,amla,burdock root,marshmallow root,slippery elm or any essential oil that is all natural and organic i add to my clay mixture along with a few drops of aloe vera juice and also some coconut water..I stir it all together in a plastic bowl with a plastic or wooden mixing spatula until thick and creamy like frosting..I part my hair into four sections..I then wet my hair in each section with plain warm tap or spring water depending on my level of build up..I apply the mask to each section and work through my hair from the roots to the ends constantly smoothing and detangling each section until i can completely slide my finger through that section..Once my entire head is covered and thoroughly saturated with the clay mask mixture i allow it to stay in my head all day or if time is important to me an hour..I rinse it out in the shower by section continuing to detangle my hair..Once the clay wash is completely rinsed out i apply some coconut oil to my hair to lock in the moisture.I shake excess water off..My hair is now extremely soft as cotton..The texture is shiny,it is a feel good clean like never before,it is silky and extremely moisturized all from using this clay..I will never use shampoo again..Clay wash for the rest of my hairs life..
Bad Burn -- Gone!
I stuck my arm in a very hot oven and got a bad burn from touching the oven rack. I had bentonite already mixed up into a paste sitting on my kitchen counter. I immediately put a gob of it on my painful arm burn and the pain disappeared instantly! I left the clay on for about an hour. and when I washed it off there was still no pain -- just a pink burn mark. It never blistered or scabbed. I've had many burns in my life and they usually entail keeping the burn in cold water for hours and hours until most of the pain is gone. Even then, it was always painful (to the burn) to take a hot shower. No pain in the shower after the bentonite treatment. Miraculous!
One of our Amazon customers.
I first want to say that the price is absolutely amazing, and the shipping speed is fantastic. The clay itself is extremely fine, similar to that of baby powder.
I have used the clay on my face and have noticed an immediately difference in the appearance of my pores and acne scares. I also use it as an overnight spot treatment and any irritation, redness, blistering, or bulging is always reduced greatly the next day. I have used it on my scalp and noticed a very soft and clean feeling afterwards. The little yellow, possibly sebum bulbs, my scalp used to produced are absolutely gone. I also get less breakout on my scalp.
I managed to get the courage to take it internally and I have to say I am really surprised with the results. I managed to get the urge to use the bathroom and mix in with my excrement were white strings. After some research I came to the conclusion that it was the clay killing off the Candida in my intestines. Very scary stuff.
I do want to give a warning, if you are highly toxic you want to take small amounts of this stuff internally. You will suffer from a Herxheimer reaction, which "is a reaction to endotoxins released by the death of harmful organisms within the body". How strong a reaction will depend on 2 things, how much clay you consume and how high of a toxic buildup you have. Start off slow as the Herxheimer side effects can be drastic. For me, some of the side effects of this cleansing is slight stomach ache, headaches, nausea, diarrhea or loose bowels.
I will definitely be ordering more from Best Bentonite
All I have to say is AWESOME!!!!!!!
Kosmo is now 7 years of age. At age 2 for some unknown reason his gut changed causing chronic diarrhea. From all the vet visits etc. it is believe he has either SIBO (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth) or IBD (irritable bowl disease) or a combo of the 2. It would take way too long to list here all that I have tried, with countless supplements, numerous vets (with their recommendations), even specialist vets, countless varieties of food, hours upon hours of researching, etc. And absolutely NOTHING would help control this issue.
When all of this started Kosmo weighed in at 53 pounds. In Jan. when we began bentonite Kosmo was around 40 pounds. His lowest being a tad over 35 pounds, we thought we were going to loose him. So with nothing to loose, I started him on bentonite.
Because of his issue he has been off regular dog food and continues to be. I cook ground turkey and white rice for him. With now adding bentonite. He is now at 50 pounds!!! And looks AWESOME!!
Kosmo is an awesome dog and because now that his health issue is under control, he is now my service dog. He is an extremely smart well trained dog, but because of the diarrhea issue, he was unable to perform his job. Now he can!! Did I say how AWESOME this is?? LOL
Now I am not saying that Kosmo doesn't still have the occasional bout with it, but it has slowed his gut processes down enough that he is/has gained weight.
Thanks much,
Jen & Kosmo
Now off to order more bentonite.....
Used bentonite clay on a burn.
My friend spilled very hot tea on her belly. She is disabled and was not able to get the scalding cloths away from her skin right away. It left a very nasty burn; red, bubbly, very painful. I brought this clay over and made a paste with water. We spread it on her belly and covered it with Press n Seal. There was instant pain relief! Her nurse washed the area and reapplied the clay the following day. By the third day her skin looked brand new! There was never any more pain from the moment the first clay touched her skin. Amazing!
Our first Testimonial is from
Tried it all!
Who writes:
This is a great product, and a great seller! Before buying, I emailed the seller with many questions, and they were quick to answer all of them. I use the clay for several things; it makes a PHENOMENAL face mask-forget that junk you are paying so much for from department and drug stores. I mix a small amount of the clay with water and apply it to my face twice a week for about an hour. It pulls my face nice and tight, and after rinsing with cool water, my skin looks so smooth and feels great. (I follow up with Nutiva hemp oil, it's great for the face.) This stuff is working magic on my large pores! It's a beautiful detoxing product. If mixing it with water only is a bit drying for you, try adding a few drops of oil to the mask (I prefer organic hemp or jojoba).
I also take it internally, although I don't care for eating it like some do. It has no taste, but the muddy texture of it when mixed with water is a little more than I can do. I just put the dry powder in capsules, and take about ten at night or in the morning on an empty stomach with plenty of water. It will travel through your system, picking up pesticides and toxins on it's way through (and out..). Wait to take your other vitamins about two hours after this product. Also, don't use any metal spoons, bowls or anything when mixing it. Use plastic. This stuff is a find! A little goes a long way, it is well worth the cost and much more! Shipping is fast, and the product is packed securely.
This product is a GREAT DEAL. In the past I've always gotten the prehydrated bentonite products, twenty bucks or so per liter. This one made up a liter of the same stuff with only 3 tablespoons of the powder! So basically I'll get probably ten times the product for half the price...
Timothy Glaesman
I started out a bit skeptical of the benefits and uses of the clay but that has all changed. I mainly use it to detox the surface layers in a mud bath and it works great. It is also amazing for drawing out the venom from insect bites. I had been under doctors care for a long term fungal problem on my foot. Everything is ok as long as I do not go more then 3 or 4 days without applying prescription anti fungal. Anyway I figured I would give the clay a chance. I applied the clay every day for about a week. On the first application I could really feel the clay drawing at the fungal infection area. I am happy to say its been over 3 weeks with no additional treatment and the fungus has not returned.
BTW a little mixed into a warm glass of water actually tastes good, reminds me of mineral water and I have found that taken on an empty stomach it works wonders for heat and dampness in the stomach.
I mixed around 1.5 lbs of this with a bag of filtered play sand to create the "greensand" that is required for basic sand casting at home. It worked great!
M. Ohlson
DON'T spend a bunch of money on fancy facial masks. Mix up a touch of this, add a touch of something from the kitchen if you'd like (I recommend looking up Joanna Vargas skin care on youtube for ideas), and each facial will cost pennies.
I ordered this product to go to my APO address in Japan and received it within 10 days. Kudos to Best Bentonite for their prompt service. As for the product...I am 100% satisfied. I just ordered another 4lbs of it, so I can be sure to always have it available to me. Using it for facial masks and body wraps and it is by fantastic product. Will definitely continue ordering this product from them in the future. If your looking for a quality bentonite clay for facial masks, wraps, or detox, I recommend this product 100%
Meg Kelly
I'm so happy to have found this product! I've been using expensive "mask" products with this clay in them for years. I love paying less and getting the same result!
Big AF Family "Urbo"
I initially ordered this to try because of the great price. The product can be reduced in price due to the not so fancy packaging. I was very happy when the product turned out to be just as awesome. I have been using it for detox baths and internally for heartburn for a few months. My skin looks and feels great. I am 28 weeks pregnant and whenever I get aches and pains I take a 1-2 cup bathful and the pain disappears. Easy to ingest when mixed properly and has quick results with heartburn and aiding in digestion. Bentonite clay is amazing! This product is so reasonably priced compared to many other over priced clays on the market. I know it is working because I test my Ph and it is almost always a perfect 7.5. Another bonus is that the shipping is very quick. I have tried other clays and this one is superior quality.
I am so impressed!!
And I NEVER want to run out of your bentonite clay. And I really do appreciate the price!! I have a son who is 16 who suffers from IBS from the time he was born. We have tried EVERYTHING!! Doctor after doctor, Prescriptions, over the counter stuff, you name it, we've tried it. I heard of clay years ago but never gave it a thought, (I actually thought it was a little weird). Well one day I came across your site and did some research about bentonite clay and thought I might as well try it.I tried it first to make sure it would be ok for my son. (I suffer from constipation) It worked like a dream!! He is now taking it and has had NO problems and IBS is under control. He says he feels amazing and so do I. Thank you again for your product and the price. Being a single mom, the price is very helpful. I tell everybody about it and I will make sure I never run out of your clay. Thank you again for everything!!
Alicia :-)
You really do need the reinforcement straps that you put around the 15 Lbs. of Sodium Bentonite, because the box was so mashed, yet no tape was broken; it would not have survived shipment without those 2 reinforcement straps.
You show that you care by shipping in 5 Lb. increments, each double bagged. This allows us to keep two bags safely stored away, while keeping the dust down while using the first one.
I just want you to know how very encouraging it is to have a seller like you to depend on for my external bentonite supply needs.
I cannot wait to do a full body mask :-) As a small-scale farmer of healing foods and herbs, I get dirty and sweaty and need to seriously detox my skin.
Your shipment is an incredible relief. God bless you all!
Romoke. Hair Care!
When I want to thoroughly clean my hair and scalp I use the Bentonite Clay. It pulls all the dirt and extra stuff out and it doesn't strip my hair or scalp like shampoo tends to do. My curl pattern is restored and I love it. I have been doing this for a few years now and the results are constant. All I do is add a cup of water to 2TBs of Bentonite clay (the amount varies sometimes more or less of both). When the texture is smooth, I apply it to my head and scalp in sections. Finally I rinse it out after 30-45 mins. It feels awesome!
Janet Bulbuk
I love your product. I make my own toothpaste with it and it really whitens my teeth. I do masks (at 55 years old) and it minimizes my pores, making my skin look much younger. I do foot baths, mix it with cocoa powder and arrowroot powder to make makeup and eye color. I also take it internally and it makes me wonderfully "regular" and I am no longer gluten intolerant! I used to break out in horrible skin rashes all over my body whenever I ate anything containing gluten. Not any more since taking only 1/4 tsp of your clay mixed with 3 tsp of my Natural Vitality's Natural Calm Plus Calcium (with magnesium, potassium and boron) on an empty stomach every night.
Gratefully, JB
Please tell us about your results using our clay. We will post that information here for all Bentonite Clay users to benefit from.
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Enex Testlabs' contract with the Department of Broadband Communications and the Digital Economy to provide technical advice on content filtering is up for review next month.
The department this week released a summary [PDF] of its yearly buying plan.
An item referred to "technical advice and assistance relating to the test of content filtering products and services".
The Government will cast for tenders next month.
Government and Enex spokesmen declined to comment on the contract.
But iTnews understands the tender notice is related to the impending expiry of the department's contract with Enex, which services the first round of the Government's controversial internet filtering trials.
Like other Government authorities, the department must call for public tenders before appointing a consultancy to continue the project.
There is no indication it will increase spending.
Enex director Matt Tett said most such contracts the labs held "generally, are tendered every year".
"We have several contracts and have done so for many years with DCITA [the Department of Communications, IT and the Arts] and now DBCDE for several of their divisions from broadband to content, all around testing and related technical advisory roles," Tett said.
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text:
Toner transporting apparatus for use in forming powder images on an imaging surface. The apparatus is characterized by the provision of a travelling electrostatic wave conveyor for the toner particles for transporting them from a toner supply to an imaging surface. The conveyor comprises a linear electrode array consisting of spaced apart electrodes to which a multiphase a.c. voltage is connected such that adjacent electrodes have phase shifted voltages applied thereto which cooperate to form the travelling wave.
1. Charged toner transport apparatus for presenting already charged toner to an elongated image receiving surface;
a base member having a portion thereof supported adjacent said elongated image receiving surface and a portion thereof adjacent a supply of toner particles remote from said elongated image receiving surface, said base number delimiting a path through which said toner moves from the latter to the former;
a linear electrode array carried on the outer surface of said base member, said array comprising a plurality of spaced apart electrodes extending substantially across the entire width of said base member which is substantially coextensive with the width of said elongated imaging surface; and
a source of a.c. multi-phase voltage operatively connected to said electrode array, the phases being shifted with respect to each other such as to create an electordynamic wave pattern capable of moving toner particles from said supply to said surface, the magnitude of said voltage and the spacing of said electrodes being such as to cause intermittent contact of only some of said already charged toner with said linear electrode array.
2. Appartus according to claim 1 wherein said a.c. voltage is relatively low.
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said voltage is less than 2 KV.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said voltage is operated at a frequency of 1000 Hz or greater.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1 including an overcoat layer on said electrodes, said overcoating layer being substantially non-tribo active with respect to the toner.
6. Apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the spacing between electrodes is approximately equal to the width thereof.
7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the spacing between centers of said electrodes is in the order of 1-5 mils.
8. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the width of each electrode is in the order of 1-5 mils.
9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said electrodes are coplanar.
10. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said linear array comprises a four phase grid structure including two 2-phase integrated electrode arrays, respectively etched on opposite sides of a thin metal clad foil, the two-phase patterns being identical and the pattern on one side being displaced a quarter of the center-to-center distance between electrodes.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said a.c. voltage is relatively low.
12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said voltage is less than 2 KV.
13. Apparatus according to claim 12 wherein said voltage is operated at a frequency of about 1000 Hz.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13 including an overcoat layer on said electrodes, said overcoat layer being substantially non-tribo active with respect to the toner.
15. Apparatus according to claim 14 wherein the spacing between electrodes is approximately equal to the width thereof.
16. Apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the spacing between centers of said electrodes is in the order of 1-5 mils.
17. Apparatus according to claim 16 wherein the width of each electrode is in the order of 1-5 mils.
18. Apparatus according to claim 1 including a rotatable brush supported in contact with said supply of toner particles for presenting toner to said base member.
19. Apparatus according to claim 18 wherein said brush is rotated in the direction of the direction of movement of said travelling waves.
20. Apparatus according to claim 19 wherein the images on said imaging surface are electrostatic images formed by contrasting voltages.
21. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said base member has a generally cylindrical configuration.
This invention relates to printing machines, and more particularly, to a toner conveyor for transporting toner from a supply to a development station where the toner is used to form powder images on substrates positioned at the development station.
By way of example, the present invention will be disclosed in connection with a machine wherein the well known xerographic process is utilized. The invention as will be appreciated is however not limited to such environments. In the art of xerography or other similar image reproducing arts, a latent electrostatic image is formed on a charge-retentive surface such as a photoconductor which generally comprises a photoconductive insulating material adhered to a conductive backing. The photoconductor is first provided with a uniform charge after which it is exposed to a light image of an original document to be reproduced. The latent electrostatic images, thus formed, are rendered visible by applying any one of numerous pigmented resins specifically designed for this purpose. In the case of a reusable photoconductive surface, the pigmented resin, more commonly referred to as toner which formes the visible images, is transferred to plain paper.
It should be understood that for the purposes of the present invention, which relates to transporting toner to a development station for the purpose of forming powder images thereat, the latent electrostatic images discussed above may be formed by means other than by the exposure of an electrostatically charged photosensitive member to a light image of an original document. For example, the latent electrostatic image may be generated from information electronically stored or generated, and the digital information may be converted to alphanumeric images by image generation electronics and optics. However, such electronic and optic devices form no part of the present invention. Moreover, while the present invention is herein disclosed in connection with images formed xerographically the formation of the images on non-charged plain paper is also contemplated.
In the application of the toner to the latent electrostatic images contained on the charge-retentive surface, it is necessary to transport the toner from a developer housing to the surface. A basic limitation of conventional xerographic development systems, including both magnetic brush and single component, is the inability to deliver toner(i.e. charged pigment) to the latent images without creating large adhesive forces between the toner and the conveyor which transport the toner to latent images. As will be appreciated, large fluctuation (i.e. noise) in the adhesive forces that cause the pigment to tenaciously adhere to the carrier severely limit the sensitivity of the developer system thereby necessitating higher contrast voltages forming the images. Accordingly, it is desirable to reduce such noise particularly in connection with latent images formed by contrasting voltages.
In order to minimize the creation of such fluctuation in adhesive forces, I have provided, in the preferred embodiment of my invention a toner conveyor including means for generating travelling electrostatic waves which can move the toner about the surface of the conveyor with minimal contact therewith.
The travelling wave is generated by alternating voltages of three or more phases applied to a linear array of conductors placed abut the outer periphery of the conveyor. The force F for moving the toner about the conveyor is equal QEt where Q is the charge on the toner and Et is the tangential field supplied by a multi-phase a.c. voltage applied to the array of conductors. Toner is presented to the conveyor by means of a magnetic brush which is rotated in the same direction as the travelling wave. As will be apparent, other methods could be employed. This gives an initial velocity to the toner particles which enables toner having a much lower charge to be propelled by the wave.
Travelling waves have been employed for transporting particulate material, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,872,361 issued to Masuda discloses an apparatus in which the flow of particulate material along a defined path is controlled electrodynamically by means of elongated electrodes curved concentrically to a path, as axially spaced rings or interwound spirals. Each electrode is axially spaced from its neighbors by a distance about equal to its diameter and is connected with one terminal of a multi-phase alternating high voltage source. Adjacent electrodes along the path are connected with different terminals in a regular sequence, producing a wave-like, non-uniform electric field that repels electrically charged particles axially inwardly and tends to propel them along the path.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,778,678 also issued to Masuda relates to a similar device as that disclosed in the aforementioned '361 patent.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,801,869 issued to Masuda discloses a booth in which electrically charged particulate material is sprayed onto a workpiece having an opposite charge, so that the particles ar electrostatically attracted to the workpiece. All of the walls that confront the workpiece are made of electrically insulating material. A grid-like arrangement of parallel, spaced apart electrodes, insulated from each other extends across the entire area of every wall, parallel to a surface of the wall and in intimate juxtaposition thereto. Each electrode is connected with one terminal of an alternating high voltage source, every electrode with a different terminal than each of the electrodes laterally adjacent to it, to produce a constantly varying field that electrodynamically repels particles from the wall. While the primary purpose of the device disclosed is for powder painting, it is contended therein that it can be used for electrostatic or electrodynamic printing.
The Masuda devices all utilize a relatively high voltage source (i.e. 5-10 KV) operated at a relatively low frequency, i.e. 50 Hz, for generating his travelling waves. In a confined area such as a tube or between parallel plates the use of high voltages is tolerable and in the case of the '869 patent even necessary since a high voltage is required to charge the initally uncharged particles.
The movement of toner for use in a xerographic development system is also known, as disclosed in FX/4072 (Fuji Xerox's Japanese patent application) filed in Japan on May 7, 1981, a copy of which is enclosed. In that application, there is disclosed a device comprising an elongated conduit which utilizes travelling waves for transporting toner from a supply bottle to a toner hopper.
Applicant's invention in contrast to the devices described above uses a conveyor having a linear electrode array disposed adjacent the outer surface thereof. The electrodes forming the array are coextensive with the longitudinal axis of the conveyor and they are connected to a relatively low voltage (i.e. 30-1000 volts) source operated at a relatively higher frequency, for example, 1 Kc. The toner transported by the conveyor to the image receiving surface is moved about the circumference thereof from the toner supply to the area of the surface, movement being caused by the travelling electrostatic or electrodyndmic waves generated by the electrode array. The toner particles are continuously scattered off the surface of the grid so that they bounce along making a miniature cloud of toner which extends above the surface approximately one wavelength. In the direction of motion, the clouds are about 1/8 to 1/4 of a wavelength long, so the clouds are actually tall and skinny. Only the particles closer to the surface actually collide with the surface.
Other aspects of the present invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds with reference to the drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic elevation view depicting an electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a travelling wave conveyor system used in the machine of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a grid structure used in the conveyor system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of phototools used for fabricating the grid structure of FIG. 3 with a foil disposed therebetween;
FIG. 5 is an alternate embodiment of the grid structure used in FIG. 3; and
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a multi-phase voltage circuit for energiziang the electrodes of the travelling wave conveyor system of the invention.
Inasmuch as the art of electrophotographic printing is well known, the various processing stations employed in the printing machine illustrated in FIG. 1 will be described only briefly.
As shown in FIG. 1, the printing machine utilizes a photoconductive belt 10 which consists of an electrically conductive substrate 11, a charge generator layer 12 comprising photoconductive particles randomly dispersed in an electrically insulating organic resin and a charge transport layer 1 comprising a transparent electrically inactive polycarbonate resin having dissolved therein one or more diamines. A photoconductive belt of the foregoing type belt is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,990 issued May 5, 1981 in the name of Milan Stolka et al, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Belt 10 moves in the direction of arrow 16 to advance successive portions thereof sequentially through the various processing stations disposed about the path of movement thereof.
Belt 10 is entrained about stripping roller 18, tension roller 20 and drive roller 22. Roller 22 is coupled to motor 24 by suitable means such as a drive chain.
Belt 10 is maintained in tension by a pair of springs (not shown) which resiliently urge tension roller 20 against belt 20 with the desired spring force. Both stripping roller 18 and tension roller 20 are rotatably mounted. These rollers are idlers which rotate freely as belt 20 moves in the direction of arrow 16.
With continued reference to FIG. 1, initially a portion of belt 10 passes through charging station A. At charging station A, a corona device indicated generally by reference numeral 25 charges the layer 12 of belt 10 to a relatively high, substantially uniform negative potential.
A suitable corona generating device for negatively charging the photoconductive belt 10 comprises a conductive shield 26 and corona wire 27, the latter of which is coated with an electrically insulating layer 28 having a thickness which precludes a net d.c. corona current when an a.c. voltage is applied to the corona wire when the shield and photoconductive surface are at the same potential.
Next, the charged portion of the photoconductive belt is advanced through exposure station B. At exposure station B, an original document 30 is positioned face down upon a transparent platen 32. The light rays reflected from original document 30 form images which are transmitted through lens 36. The light images are projected onto the charged portion of the photoconductive belt to selectively dissipate the charge thereon. This records an electrostatic latent image on the belt which corresponds to the informational area contained within original document 30.
Thereafter, belt 10 advances the electrostatic latent image to development station C. At development station C, a travelling wave conveyor 38 advances non-insulative toner particles into contact with the electrostatic latent images formed on the photoconductive belt 10. The latent images attract the toner particles from the charged toner conveyor therby forming toner images on the photoconductive belt.
Belt 10 then advances the toner powder image to transfer station D. At transfer station D, a sheet of support material 40 is moved into contact with the toner powder images. The sheet of support material is advanced to transfer station D by a sheet feeding apparatus 42. Preferably, sheet feeding apparatus 42 includes a feed roll 44 contacting the upper sheet of stack 46. Feed roll 44 rotates so as to advance the upper most sheet from stack 46 into chute 48. Chute 48 directs the advancing sheet of support material into contact with the belt 10 in a timed sequence so that the toner powder image developed thereon contacts the advancing sheet of support material at transfer station D.
Transfer station D includes a corona generating device 50 which sprays ions of a suitable polarity onto the backside of sheet 40 so that the toner powder images are attracted from photoconductive belt 10 to sheet 40. After transfer, the sheet continues to move in the direction of arrow 52 onto a conveyor (not shown) which advances the sheet to fusing station E.
Fusing station E includes a fuser assembly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 54, which permanently affixes the transferred toner powder images to sheet 40. Preferably, fuser assembly 54 includes a heated fuser roller 56 adapted to be pressure engaged with a backup roller 58 with the toner powder images contacting fuser roller 56. In this manner, the toner powder images are permanently affixed to sheet 40. After fusing, chute 60 guides the advancing sheet 40 to catch tray 62 for removal from the printing machine by the operator.
The travelling wave conveyor 38 comprises, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a base member 70 on which there is carried a linear electrode array generally indicated by reference numeral 72. The base member 70 preferably has a generally cylindrical shape. The conveyor is adapted to transport the toner particles clockwise about the periphery thereon in a manner to be discussed hereinbelow. Of course, the particles could also be moved in the opposite direction. The toner particles are delivered to the conveyor via a magnetic brush 76 which is mounted for rotation in the direction of the arrow in a developer housing 78 containing toner particles 80. The brush is adapted to be rotated by a drive (not shown) in the same direction as the travelling wave to thereby deposit toner on the conveyor. The travelling waves then carry the toner about the surface of the conveyor. A vacuum device 81 is provided for removing non-transferred toner.
The electrode array 72 preferably comprises a four-phase grid structure comprising electrodes 94, 96, 100 and 102 having a voltage source 82 (FIG. 6) operatively connected thereto in the manner shown in order to supply a voltage in the order of 30-1000 volts a.c. The electrodes are connected to the voltage source via phase shifting circuitry (see FIG. 6) such that a travelling wave pattern is established. The electostatic field forming the travelling wave pattern pushes the charged toner particles about the surface of the conveyor from the donor roll or magnetic brush 76 (FIG. 2) to the belt 10 where they are transferred to the latent electrostatic images on the belt due to the attraction of the image field on the belt.
A four phase grid structure such as the array 72 may comprise, as disclosed in FIG. 3, two two-phase integrated electrode arrays 84 and 86, respectively etched on opposite sides of a thin metal clad foil. The two-phase patterns are identical and made from the same master. The pattern on the one side is displace vertically, i.e. perpendicular to the lines, a half of the center-to-center distance between the lines on one side. The same pattern, on the opposite side, is also shown displaced horizontally. However, this is optional. This displacement minimizes the interelectrode capacitance and reduces the possibility of electrical short circuits.
A grid structure of the type shown in FIG. 3, may be made by using phototools 88 and 90 (FIG. 4) which form respectively the back and front patterns thereof. These phototools have interdigited arrays facing each other. Phototools can be precisely matched, displaced and pinned. A foil 92 with a metal and photoresist on both sides thereof may be interposed between phototools. the phototools are pressed together and then exposed. Subsequent development and etching completes the formation of the grid depicted in FIG. 2. If desirable, contact pads can be incorporated in the phototools or may be added later by metal evaporation.
FIG. 5 depicts another type of grid structure that can be readily fabricated. In this case, all four electrodes patterns are coplanar. The circuit can be photofabricated using a single mask. However, electrodes 94 and 96 are connected only to pads which have to be interconnected. These interconnections can be constructed by metal evaporation through a shadow mask, indicated by reference numeral 98, by wire bonding, or by metal deposition through holes in the photoresist layer. Wire 100 and wire 102 are also connected to the appropriate pads. All the photoresist layers are aligned with the pads for electrodes 94 and 96. The advantage of this latter technique is that the alignment of the interconnections requires only one-fourth the precision required for the grid lines compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2.
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the voltage source 82 is connected to the electrodes such that each phase thereof is connected to every fourth electrode. Each successive voltage phase is 90 degrees out of phase with the next phase, either advanced or retarded, depending on the desired direction of toner movement. The voltage source 82 forms part of a control circuit generally indicated by reference character 83. The circuit also comprises a phase shifting components indicated in block form by reference character 120. The phase shifting circuit may comprise a plurality of operational amplifiers and associated circuitry, not shown which serve to produce four phase shifted outputs 122, 124, 126 and 128. Each of the outputs is operatively connected to a primary winding of a transformer, for example, winding 130 via an audio amplifier, for example, amplifier 132. The secondary 134 of the transformer is connected to the electrode 94. Similarly, phase shifting circuitry is connected to the electrodes 96, 100 and 102.
A typical width for each of the electrodes is 1 to 4 mils. Typical spacing between the centers of the electrodes is twice the electrode width and the spacing between adjacent electrodes is approximately the same as the electrode width. Typical operating frequency is between 1000 and 10,000 Hz for 125 lpi grids (4 mil electrodes), the drive frequency for maximum transport rate being 2,000 Hz.
While the electrodes may be exposed metal such as Cu or Al it is preferred that they be covered or overcoated with a thin oxide or insulator layer. A thin coating having a thickness of about hald of the electrode width will sufficiently attenuate the higher harmonic frequencies and suppress attraction to the electrode edges by polarization forces. A slightly conductive over-coating will allow for the relaxation of charge accumulation due to charge exchange with the toner. To avoid excessive alteration of the toner charge as it moves about the conveyor, however, a thin coating of a material which is non-tribo active with respect to the toner is desirable. A weakly tribo-active material which maintains the desired charge level may also be utilized.
A preferred covercoating layer comprises a strongly injecting active matrix such as the disclosed in D/83129 (Assignee's file number) filed in the U.S. patent Office in the name of Joseph Mammino et al on or about Dec. 30, 1983 and assigned to the same assignee as the instant application. As disclosed therein, the layer comprises an insulating film forming continuous phase comprising charge transport molecules and finely divided charge injection enabling particles dispersed in the continuous phase. A polyvinylfluoride film available from the E. I. duPont de Nemours and Company under the tradename Tedlar has also been found to be suitable for use as the overcoat.
As can now be appreciated, there has been disclosed a toner conveyor which is capable of transporting toner from a supply thereof to an imaging surface which may comprise a charge-retentive surface without creating large adhesion forces between the toner particles and the conveyor. In the case of xerographically formed images, the electrostatic forces forming the latent images can be substantially less than those of prior art devices in order to effect transfer of the toner particles from the conveyor to the images resulting in a development system that is more sensitive than those of the prior art thereby allowing for the formation of latent electrostatic images with lower contrast voltages.
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High-gloss leopard finish commemorative conga.
The MEINL Marathon Classic Series Congas are the benchmark by which other congas are judged. With MEINL Percussion celebrating its 30TH anniversary, MEINL commemorates the occasion with the 30TH Anniversary Marathon Classic Congas. This series comes in a stunning new leopard burl finish in high-gloss, has professional features, and is available at a very attractive price. It also comes with an adjustable-height Steely II conga stand.


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The Bachelorette
Natalie Getz's Bachelor Pad Blog: Ed Swiderski's Sex Noises Make the Show Worth Watching
While we're still mourning the loss of Jef Holm on our Monday nights by listening to Bright Eyes on repeat, sassy Ed Swiderski is steadily curing our Holmsickness on Bachelor Pad 3. We're not the only ones transfixed by Ed's drunken antics! Bachelor Pad alum Natalie Getz writes a weekly blog for ABC in which she wittily recaps the show's greatest (and trashiest) moments. Here are a few choice observations from Nat's BP3, Episode 3 blog:
Ed's mesmerizing sex noises: "He finally takes [Jaclyn Swartz] to bed and talks to her like a bird in the amazon! I'M OBSESSED WITH ED'S SEX NOISES! He literally is making this show worth watching with his hilarious, 'I don't care' attitude. He is a typical Chicago boy who gets hammered after a long week of work and hooks up with just about anything they can get their hands on."
Chris Bukowski isn't buying what Jamie Otis is selling giving away for free: "Jamie is ready "to show her kids and America" (as she so graciously put it) how she fell in love with daddy on TV. Chris clearly has a different plan for the two of them. Jamie tries to wake him up in order to make out, talk, and snuggle. Chris wants no part of this and a devastated Jamie cries herself to sleep. Someone clearly spiked the punch bowl at prom."
Can Michael Stagliano win it all? "Michael is definitely the best player in the house. He has excellent leadership qualities and since he is sincere, people will follow him and do what he says. He has transformed most of the house into his disciples."
Source: Natalie's Bachelor Pad 3 Blog


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There's a lot to be said for building a business around something that people already want. Product ideas? Startup ideas? Fill a need that exists.
Yesterday I posted here about a Twitter-related app that I wanted, and although I saw some action about it on Twitter, nobody so far has said they have it ready to go. But I'm sure there's a need.
On the other hand, I'm not sure you or I are the right ones to build it. You need interest, skill base, and resources. And, worse yet, I'm not sure there's enough money in it. I'd pay for it, but I'm not sure enough other people would.
With that in mind, I want to follow up what I suggested yesterday with this list of
23 Free, Web-Based Tools SMBs are Asking for Now from the American Express OPEN Forum.
Think of it as instant business: just add know-how, resources, time, effort, and money.
Like this article? Please share it:
How LivePlan makes your business more successful
If you're writing a business plan, you're in luck. Online business planning software makes it easier than ever before to put together a business plan for your business.
As you'll see in a moment, LivePlan is more than just business plan software, though. It's a knowledgable guide combined with a professional designer coupled with a financial wizard. It'll help you get over the three most common business hurdles with ease.
Let's take a look at those common hurdles, and see how producing a top-notch business plan sets your business up for success.Click to continue


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Get up to speed on SmartSound Sonicfire Pro, a powerful music scoring application combined with a royalty-free music library.
"Your tutorials move at just the right pace for me to work alongside and take notes. So I am learning things that my campus class will not have time for." —Toni M.
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City leaders captured an $826,000 state grant targeted to purchase the building previously housing the Inland Seas Maritime Museum.
Museum operators committed moving to Toledo for expansion reasons.
In the past couple of years, officials launched a fundraising campaign to buy the building — a 2.3-acre waterfront site on Main Street.
The $826,000 represents about half of the $1.65 million needed before Dec. 31 so the city can outright own the land.
Karen and Larry Bettcher donated $200,000 to help officials buy the option to purchase the property. The option ends once 2014 arrives.
Erie MetroParks additionally contributed about $25,000 recently. The donation marks a continued MetroParks presence in Vermilion.
In 2011, park officials acquired their first property in Vermilion. Dubbed the Wakefield Property, this 1.6-acre site borders the Vermilion River near the city's downtown area. It's considered a passive park area, where people can walk on the sand, take a swim in the water or sit down to enjoy a sunset.
It's unknown exactly what officials will do with the property, even if they secure all necessary funding.
One idea proposed included sculpting the property into a fishing museum.
Others revolve around connecting the Wakefield Property to the museum, streamlining shoreline space for those seeking to walk through a connected property.
"We are very excited about our grant for the maritime museum," Vermilion Mayor Eileen Bulan said. "We will continue to fundraise this year."


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Get Truthdig's headlines in your inbox!
Why I Support the BDS Movement Against Israel
VIDEO: Noam Chomsky on Why Israel and the U.S. Created the Myth of the Iranian Nuclear Threat
How the Progressive Mindset Is Holding the Left Back and Placing the World in the Right's Lap
In 'Best of Enemies,' Politics Becomes the Spectator Sport We're Still Watching
VIDEO: You Can Watch Jose Antonio Vargas' Documentary 'White People' Here
By Peter Longerich
By E.J. Dionne $14.00
Uncertainty is the backdrop for a presidential campaign whose last month is being conducted over the shakiest terrain. What we didn't know yesterday, last week, last month suddenly reshapes the contours of our lives.
In the second presidential debate, the questioners seemed to understand better than either candidate that we are in the midst of a national emergency as grave and possibly more far-reaching than the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001.
AP photo / Madalyn Ruggiero
Democratic presidential candidate Barack Obama has pulled significantly ahead of Republican rival John McCain, taking an 11-point lead after Tuesday night's presidential debate, according to the latest Gallup Poll.
Penny for John McCain's thoughts? Keep it, that's what YouTube is for.
The reviews are in, and the latest U.S. presidential debate, the "town hall" from Nashville, Tenn., was a snore. One problem is that in a debate it is important for the debaters to actually disagree.
Tuesday night marked the second debate between John McCain and Barack Obama, moderated by NBC's Tom Brokaw at Belmont University in Nashville, Tenn. While Brokaw struggled to stick to the script, the two candidates fielded questions about the current economic catastrophe and American foreign policy.
AP photo / Charles Dharapak
As was the case in the first presidential debate, Barack Obama emerged from Tuesday night's confrontation with John McCain in Nashville, Tenn., in command of the situation. The Democratic nominee looked calm, confident and presidential as he won their second contest.
Tuesday night's debate, a town-hall discussion dominated by economic questions, made it clear that John McCain's effort to change the campaign's focus to the culture wars of the 1960s is not going to work.
There are only two real issues left in the foreign policy debate between John McCain and Barack Obama. Yet neither the Iraq nor the Afghanistan issue is within the power of any American president to resolve.
AP photo / Ron Edmonds
Truthdig's chief political correspondent weighs in on the week in politics. From "pallin' around with terrorists" to Tuesday's debate, Team McCain is "going for the gut," but will it work?
Truthdig is excited to collaborate with Capzles.com on a unique new way of telling a story – in this case, about VP hopeful (and, yes, possible president) Sarah Palin – using video, audio and text "moments" along an interactive timeline.
Parody is the best policy, as evidenced by the boost that "Saturday Night Live" has recently enjoyed, thanks to Sarah Palin lookalike (and sometime comedy star) Tina Fey. We kid, but so do Fey, Queen Latifah and Jason Sudeikis—playing Republican VP candidate Palin, PBS' Gwen Ifill and Democratic VP pick Joe Biden, respectively—in this clip from the show's Oct. 4 episode.
In the latest edition of "Left, Right & Center," co-commentators Matt Miller, Robert Scheer and Tony Blankley (Arianna Huffington is still at large) give their expert analyses of Thursday's vice presidential debate, inspecting Sarah Palin's and Joe Biden's arguments and self-presentation styles down to the smallest detail.
"Mosaic Intelligence Report" host Jamal Dajani is distinctly unimpressed with the level of knowledge about the Middle East displayed by Sarah Palin and Joe Biden during Thursday night's vice presidential debate.
All right, now this is getting ridiculous. None other than Ryan Seacrest has managed to insert himself into the political mix by scoring a phone interview with Hillary Clinton on his radio show Friday. What'll it be next, the Obamas and the Bidens sit down with the preternaturally perky Mary Hart on "Entertainment Tonight?" Oh, wait ... never mind.
The key to understanding how John McCain chose Sarah Palin as his running mate was provided by The New York Times last weekend when it described an episode in which he "tossed $100 chips around a hot craps table."
The marriage of American capitalism and democracy has always been a Pamela Anderson and Tommy Lee affair—stormy and erratic since its hasty wedding. But during the debate over a Wall Street bailout this week, we watched that matrimonial knot unwind into a tangled tale of terror.
Did they deliver? That was the question coming from the Democratic and Republican camps after Sen. Joe Biden and Gov. Sarah Palin did battle at the vice presidential debate in St. Louis on Thursday night. Here's the full debate in video—tell us what you think about how the candidates handled themselves and represented their respective tickets.
AP photo / Don Emmert, pool
Gov. Sarah Palin survived Thursday night's debate, much to the disappointment of Democrats who hoped she would crumble as she did in her interview with Katie Couric. But she ducked tough questions, gave canned answers, tried to smile her way out of tough spots and cheerfully distorted Sen. Barack Obama's record.
Flickr / IowaPolitics.com
A campaign source tells the political rag that Joe Biden will avoid roughing up Sarah Palin during the debate Thursday, focusing his energies instead on John McCain. That might have something to do with a new poll, which suggests that most people think Biden will prove to be much more knowledgeable, but much less likeable.
Choosing the winner of the first presidential debate proved to be a tough call, but Stephen Colbert has a few ideas about how to settle the issue, starting with John McCain's staggering insights about the differences between various Asian populations around the world—and ending with the electrifying moment when McCain "reached out to the key swing vote ... reptiles!"
Americans are reluctant to make John McCain pay for George W. Bush's sins, but with so many crises on so many fronts, the country can't afford to cut him any slack.
A new internal report confirms our fears about the politicization of the Justice Department. That same contempt for government can be found in the current financial crisis as well as the meteoric rise of the former mayor of Wasilla.
Calling Sarah Palin's recent interview with CBS anchor Katie Couric "the last straw," Newsweek editor and columnist Fareed Zakaria tells Wolf Blitzer on Monday's episode of "The Situation Room" that it's not a matter of Palin not giving the right answer when faced with a complex question about the economy or foreign policy, "it's that she clearly does not understand the question."
There was so much excitement last week between the bailout showdown and the debate that many people didn't get a chance to see Sarah Palin's tailspin interview with Katie Couric. CBS, it turns out, has even more in store. The network will air at least two more embarrassing clips before Thursday's VP debate.
September began as John McCain's month and ended as Barack Obama's. McCain's high-risk wagers aimed at shaking up the campaign turned into very bad investments. And Friday's debate eliminated McCain's best chance to deliver a knockout blow.
By Mr. Fish —
By RJ Matson, St. Louis Post-Dispatch —
Thankfully, Jim Lehrer wasn't left at the moderator's podium on Friday, as both Barack Obama and John McCain showed up for their scheduled presidential debate at the University of Mississippi to field questions about the economy and foreign policy.
AP photo / Chip Somodevilla, pool
Was he too calm? Did he pull his punches in an effort to look presidential? Not really. The viewers got a clear choice: a reasoned and reasonable Obama versus an old-fashioned Cold Warrior who would keep us in Iraq endlessly and extend the boundaries we must defend to Georgia and Ukraine.
John McCain has caved as expected and will debate Barack Obama in Mississippi. But rather than give his opponent a chance to win, McCain is already claiming victory. The whole saga has left a bad taste in Mike Huckabee's mouth.
John McCain's sudden intervention in Washington's deliberations over the Wall Street bailout could not have been more out of sync with what was actually happening.
John McCain is rapidly making his temperament an inescapable issue in the presidential campaign. Does the nation really want so much drama in the White House?
The candidates heading into Friday's scheduled debate should heed the politician who first conquered the format, John F. Kennedy, who believed that the images portrayed via TV were "likely to be uncannily correct."
Was this the plan all along? CNN reports that Team McCain wants the first presidential debate to "take the place of the VP debate, currently scheduled for next Thursday" if there's no bailout deal by Friday.
Flickr / soggydan
Citing the financial crisis, John McCain announced Wednesday that he'd like to skip Friday's debate so he can put on his senator hat and get back to work in Washington. Unimpressed, Rep. Barney Frank called the idea "the longest Hail Mary pass in the history of either football or Marys." Update
Obama shows more promise than McCain, if only because he correctly sees deregulatory zeal as a culprit. But Obama's economic strategy simply can't be implemented now: He wants to spend on necessary investments such as health care, but would have no money to do it.
There was a time when Republicans campaigned on their ideas, programs and values. This year—lacking ideas, programs or values—John McCain and Sarah Palin are running for the White House on an elaborate fictional narrative of victimhood.
John McCain's campaign acknowledged this weekend that Sarah Palin is unprepared to be vice president or president of the United States.
AP photo / Matt Rourke
St. Paul is a window into our future. It is a future where constitutional rights mean nothing and where lawful dissent is branded a form of terrorism.
Sarah Palin and Joe Biden will go head to head on Oct. 2, but if you can't wait to see how McCain's No. 2 handles herself in rhetorical combat, take a look at this 2006 Alaska gubernatorial debate. There's a lot for Democrats to be worried about here.
I long for a candidate who would ''focus like a laser beam'' on the economy. That's what voters are doing as they see their paychecks shrink from inflation, their jobs threatened and their middle-class dreams diminished.
In this summer of our economic discontent, it isn't necessary to manufacture a financial crisis or to make political hash out of discussing a nonexistent one.
For a long time, John McCain has believed that Vietnam should have, could have had a different ending. So, too, his attention on Iraq has been less on the war's origin than on some undefined victorious conclusion.
The biggest political story of 2008 is getting little coverage. It involves the collapse of assumptions that have dominated our economic debate for three decades.
A basic argument in Washington's war on terror, an argument that one might think settled by now, concerns whether al-Qaida is the powerful global organization the Bush administration says it is or whether it has been, since its retreat into the Pakistan tribal areas, mostly an Internet phenomenon.
NBC News will keep its Sunday lineup intact by giving Brian Williams a temporary stint as host of "Meet the Press," replacing the late Tim Russert for the time being. Because Russert and Williams teamed up for the Jan. 15 Democratic presidential debate in Las Vegas, many viewers might be primed to make the transition along with Williams.
Some say Hillary Clinton's defeat was the victory of sexism—but Obama faced at least as much racism. No, this resounding defeat goes beyond pernicious isms and beyond one candidate—it is a fist-pounding rejection of a corrupt ideology.
The Delaware senator should be at the top of any list of vice presidential picks for Obama. Why Biden? Few Democrats know more about foreign policy, and few would so relish the fight against McCain on international affairs.
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These "plug and play" systems are easy to install, using basic tools and the included instructions.The 2 headlight kit fits 1960-1994 Alfa Spiders, 1968-1985 Fiat Spiders and most other two-headlight models.
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12-year-old boy arrested in Bradenton, charged with selling crack cocaine near Samoset Elementary
BRADENTON, Fla. - Manatee deputies have arrested eight people, including a 12-year-old boy, on a number of drug charges.
According to a statement, detectives made drug purchases in and around a home at 3619 19th Street East in Bradenton.
On Friday, they obtained a search warrant and raided the residence and seized oxycodone, rock, cocaine and marijuana with about $1,600. The rifles and a stolen handgun were also seized.
The 12-year-old was charged with selling rock cocaine within 1,000 feet of a school, identified as Samoset Elementary.
Six other suspects are still being sought. Of those arrested so far, the oldest is 52.


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This story doesn't need any snark, nor any particular insight. It stands on its own merit.
In a new music video, Matthew McConaughey has reprised his legendary Dazed and Confused character Wooderson, the man who keeps getting older even though high school girls stay the same age, and who thinks it would be a lot cooler if you had a joint on ya.
The appearance comes in Butch Walker and the Black Widows' video for "Synthesizers," a song that sounds just like "Come On Eileen," but updated for 2012. The song is so-so, but seeing Wooderson again is a flat-out revelation. He's rocking the same look, and 18 years later, Matthew McConaughey doesn't look as though he's changed a bit.
His advice for looking so young?
Just keep livin', man. L-I-V-I-N.
Consider posting a comment.


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COLLEGE STATION – Texas A&M coach Kevin Sumlin is a top target of Southern California, the Los Angeles Daily News wrote this morning. Sumlin addressed the early USC rumors more than a month ago by saying, "It means you're winning and doing things the right way."
In early October Sumlin, 49, said it comes down to being one of two types of coaches: When rumors abound you're going be fired, or hired by someone else. Sumlin also told me in the offseason regarding stories that he'd been courted by the NFL, "We just got here" in terms of getting the Aggies program rolling.
A&M finished fifth last year – its first top five finish since 1956 – in only his first season at A&M. The Aggies are 7-2 so far this season with narrow losses to Alabama (49-42) and Auburn (45-41). Privately, Sumlin's offered every indication he'd love to stay at A&M, where he once served as an offensive coordinator under R.C. Slocum, but he did tell me over the summer he might consider the NFL "someday."
For the L.A. Daily News story please click here.


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Sep 22 2009
Epstein Barr Virus (mononucleosis and glandular fever) and Shingles
The link between Epstein Barr virus and shingles
Epstein Barr, the virus that causes mononucleosis or glandular fever, can weaken the immune system and lead to an outbreak of shingles or Herpes zoster.
Chicken pox and shingles are caused by the varicella-zoster virus. Like Epstein Barr virus, the varicella-zoster virus is a member of the herpes family. The virus may lie dormant in the spinal cord or nerve ganglia for years until triggered. Stress, illnesses like Epstein Barr virus, cancer and certain drugs can weaken immunity and trigger shingles.
Symptoms of Shingles
Shingles affects the nerve endings in the skin. An outbreak of shingles is often preceded by a few days of intense pain in the affected area. There may also be Epstein Barr virus type symptoms like fever, chills, fatigue, nausea, loose stools or difficulty urinating.
Numerous painful and itchy blisters then develop. These fluid-filled blisters usually appear on the skin of the abdomen, but can appear anywhere on the body. The blisters last between 7 and 14 days before forming crusty scabs and dropping off. If shingles develop near the eyes, the cornea can become infected, causing vision problems and possibly blindness.
After an attack of shingles, the pain can sometimes last for weeks or months, even though the blisters have cleared up. Chronic pain on the skin is called postherpetic neuralgia. It indicates that the virus is actively replicating.
Natural treatments for Shingles
There are numerous homeopathics which are effectively used for shingles. They include Hypericum, Arnica, Phytolaca, Rhus Tox and Agaricum. Some of these are also effective for Epstein Barr virus.
To help your recovery you need to have a diet high in Lysine. Lysine is an amino acid which is found naturally in protein foods like fish, chicken and meat. It helps to boost immunity and has been shown to be effective against the Herpes zoster virus. You should also take Lysine supplements at the first sign of an outbreak. It is good to take it in a supplement form of 500 mg two to three times a day.
You need to avoid the arginine rich foods like chocolate, grains and nuts which can encourage an outbreak. An immune boosting diet similar to that followed with Epstein Barr virus should be adhered to. This needs to include an abundance of raw fruit and vegetables, quality protein, natural fats and anti-viral foods like garlic and onions.
Some sufferers find that sunlight and heat can trigger an outbreak, so watch your reaction to these.
For shingles as well as Epstein Barr virus, stress reduction, drinking plenty of water, getting adequate sleep and taking the anti-viral supplements like vitamin C, zinc, garlic, selenium are important.
Cold compresses can reduce shingle pain. Cayenne capsules which contain capsaicin can relieve pain and aid healing. Capsaicin is also the active ingredient in some of the topical Shingle creams.
Anti-virals like Acyclovir from your doctor can be effective if taken early in the outbreak. After about 3 days these anti-virals appear not to be effective.
If you have developed shingles or Herpes zoster after Epstein Barr virus, then there is a lot you can do with natural therapies. For further information please refer to the mononucleosis treatment plan as discussed in the e-book "Nature's Amazing Mononucleosis Cures" by qualified naturopath Elizabeth Noble.
26 responses so far
26 Responses to "Epstein Barr Virus (mononucleosis and glandular fever) and Shingles"
Thank You for sharing this one!
Please give me some insight to why my daughter gets shingles. I realize stress plays a factor. But she did have mononucleosis at the age of 10, she is currently 28. After a bout with mono, she also had (about a year or 2 later )another virus, similar to mononucleois but they didn't call it that. They told me she couldn't go to school, I never new if it was because she was contagious or simply because she needed to rest. But…..they did have her go to 1/2 day or less sessions with a teacher who taught her at home? I feel really stupid because I don't actually know what they called what she had. They just said it was similar to mono. As I am writing this…I know I will be making some phone calls to find out why it seemed so mysterious. I can't actually remember her having chicken pox which I know is what triggers shingles. I thought all shingles were related to chicken pox and I am suprised to read that mono can also be a factor in getting shingles. I also as some of my relatives have had mono. My daughter also had a minor hair loss (dime Size) due to Alopecia when she was about 10 or 11. I currently have Alopeica Areota, I have had mono,& suspectected of internal shingles. My son has also had 2 episodes of shingles…but I can remember him having had a bad case of chicken pox. My son also had a case of herpes of the eye when he was about 5, I about passed out in the doctors office. No one in our family suffers from cold sores or has had herpes. The opthomologist who treated my son told me that his daughter later developed the same herpes of the eye. He said they should draw blood from them to develope a vaccine as they would most likely never get genital herpes. what's going on here in this family… My Mother who is 92 also had shingles of the eye. Is there something we should know that know one is telling us…this all seems bizarre. Can you offer any insight…Please
Hi. I am 57 years of age. I believe I had glandular fever about 10-12 years ago. I'm not sure because by the time I went to the doctor I was over it but the marker that shows I had had it was shown in my blood tests.
I had shingles in July 2010 and have had post hepatic neuralgia ever since. When I had that attack, at least until the main rash was established I had a lot of gas/wind discomfort in the stomach region. The rash was from mid chest above my breasts across to my left armpit and down the inside of my left arm to the elbow. There was also a patch of the rash left of center on my back.
My question is, could there be a connection between the shingles and the gas?
I had shingles about two mounths ago. My doctor told me i have Mono and i was woundering if they were related.
I have epstein Barr I got sores down my back all the way to the no no special place. I haven't had it since, but I have come in contact with someone with shingles am I more likey to contract this?
I have had shingles (diagnosed by doctors) five times over the past twenty years. I have recently been diagnosed with Epstein Barr. I have had mono symptoms twice in the last year. Please tell me if there is something that I can do so that the mono symptoms will not come back. Also…. Is there any use in getting the shingles shot? I have had it so much that am not sure if it will help. I am at a loss and I feel like I am fighting a war with a butter knife.
I have been sick for about 2 weeks now on and off. In the first week I had a really bad throat infection for 4 days then after some antibiotics I got better. 2 Days later I was man down again seeing everything as blue and was very tired as in not able to move from bed, at first I thought it was the flu but had temperature so the doctor took some blood tests to see if I had glandular fever which came back negative thus I am stick sick and very tired and not knowing what I have and neither does the doctor. He thinks it may be mono or just a bad flu or still glandular fever which may show up later in the blood tests. I also had shingle 2 months earlier. I forgot to mention after the four days I broke out in a rash that covered my whole body.
Thanks Neale
I had Epstein Barr about 5 yrs. ago. After a few months, I was fine. This week, I was diagnosed with Shingles–I have some bumps high on my back and under my arm creeping towards my elbow. This didn't blister or anything and isn't painful, so it must be mild. But it's been 4 days since I started the medicine, and about 1.5weeks since this all started. This morning I woke up after a full night's sleep feeling exhausted and my glands are swollen and my throat is sore. Might this be the Epstein Barr returning?
hi i am 32 yrs old, female, wife and mother, and had a really bad experience in the last 4-5 mths or so..since june.. It all started with an allergic reaction to my cat.. throat swelled up so bad,chest was tight, i was freaking out so i know there was a panic/asthma attack as well, i felt as though i could not breathe went to the ER. After that about the next day or so came down with really bad head cold and respitory infection and sinus infection that lasted about 6 – 7 wks or more, then tonsilitis, my immune system was so low it seemed as though my body was catching everything.. I have never had allergies this bad before, it seemed like my body was so incredibily sensitive even to certain foods. Doctor gave me antibiotics and prednisone was on 2 rounds of that, things just seemed like they weren't healing normally. After dealing with sore throat, swelling lymph glands, sinus infection, fatigue, aches and pains.. the worse i've ever had.. i was a mess
!! All of this was over 2-3 mths dealing with that stuff..
The more i researched and figured out that my immune system was a wreck, so i have been trying to build it up ever since and take it day by day.. I started taking colloidal silver and I have been taking lots of vit c, echinacea (for every other week), a multiple vitamin, b 12, lysine, acidolphilis and occasionally oil of oregano and things seem to be getting better.
However, I am not 100% I hope I am on the right track, I just want to be rid of this stuff for good! I find it very interesting that mono is a virus caused by stress, I had been under quite a bit of stress since everything started, so i thought maybe thats what i had, maybe thats why the antibiotics didn't work in the begining. What do u think ?
For the most part now i have been able to kinda get back my focus and energy but still some days i am very exusted, i am trying so hard though! Wish me luck
Right now still dealing with my lymphnodes not swollen or painful but still swelling at times and some congestion sometimes..
Hello, im a 45 yr old with severe fybromyalgia, back in early Sept. i got Shingles which went into PHN, im still suffering with a large amount of pain, that seems like it wont go away, been going to a rheumatology Dr. for years, was sent to get blood work, it came back as positive for Epstine Barr virus ,also suffer with IBS, IC, High blood pressure, sever muscle and joint pain,does all of this go hand and hand, with the EBV,and shingles? Always looking for some help looking forward to hearing from you thanks, RC
Thank you!
I now find that I had Epstein Barr in the past, never had full blown chicken pox as I was six weeks old and was given gamma globulin to stop it.
I do have Spinal Stenosis. I already was dx'd with DJD and DDD and then twelve years later was exposed to shingles unknowingly and after that developed this burn along my spine with occasional bumps and must keep ice packs on my back constantly.
While I have questioned this to the many doctors I have seen, none have addressed it, yet I always had this feeling it was somehow all related. Unfortunately, I now have tremors too and am permanently disabled, which began at age 42.
Sure seems like you have the answer I have been looking for for so long. I am going to show this to my doc and see what they think.
Good Luck to all and Take Care,
Oh, and I was also dx'd with fibro twenty years ago and lead a very high stress life with a disabled adult child and now a final break with my parents who don't know how to be supportive and believe there is nothing wrong with me. Yeah, they also waited 4 days to come see me in the hospital after I was hit by a car while walking across the highway.
Bless you all and lots of positive energy to all of you suffering, may you feel better soon …
Hi Elizabeth, I do hope you will respond to this! I am a 64 year old female who was diagnosed with Fibromyalgia about 16 years ago after breaking some vertabrea in my back from a horsebackriding accident. I then developed Chronic Fatigue and have lived with this for all these years.
A few months ago I had some blood work done and diagnosed with EBV and adreanl "fatigue or dysfunction". I'm just not sure my internist is doing all that can be done. I am SO fatigued all day long, not sleeping as well as I used to, usually waking up between 4 or 5 AM, after going to bed by 10 PM. Not only am I SO fatigued, I am also very very nervous. I eat well as my husband and I believe in lots of fresh fruits, veggies and gluten free as much as possible.
My Dr. has me taking 1mg of Prednisone daily, not wanting me to get any more anxious than I already am. I did have 3 years of EXTREME family stress, day in and day out and I felt I just couldn't take anymore, even though my husband and I were drawn into a family crisis that we could not ignore.
Now I am terribly worried!! I am more stressed by this illness than any daily stress. The family crisis is over but hangs on with me.
Would it be even better for me to see an endocrinologist and get a 2nd opinion, at least to possibly ease my mind? I have alll the support in the world from my husband and friends but I don't want to live the rest of my life worrying about this.
I understand also that problems with adrenal glands can lead to tumors and cancer. PLEASE help me with ANY ideas. It woudl be deeply appreciated!
My friend of thirty years has had EBV for several years. As a child she never contracted chickenpox from any of her brothers. We discussed her talking with her primary doc. You mentioned being in contact with someone infected can give someone the shingles. My question is: Should she get the shingles vacuine?


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Gainesboro Real Estate Investor Sentenced in Bank Fraud Case
IRS Website Records
On October 21, 2003, in
Some of the people in whose names the pieces of property were placed had no knowledge their names were being used for that purpose. The proof also established Hall participated in the scheme by falsifying the qualifications of people seeking to borrow money from Citizens Bank to purchase real estate from or through Hall by fraudulently increasing their income and/or the value of their assets. The proof established Hall received money or the benefit from a number of the loans which were made based upon the false information or false names provided to the Bank.


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So my group was walking the streets of Tokyo after finding the Tsukumo Cycle Sports bike shop, home of Kalavinka Cycles. Kalavinka bikes are known as top notch keirin bikes.
Anyways, we were walking along when I saw a Bianchi Mini Velo 9. The Japanese have this thing for bikes with really tiny wheels, but there is a subgenre of bikes that look like regular road racing bikes but have 20-inch wheels.


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Shaun Interviews the New Lara Croft
The new Lara Croft, Camilla Luddington, stops by our Comic-Con 2012 stage show.
by Aaron Sampson on
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she is gorgeous and the younger version of Lara yummy
But... she looks nothing like Lara Croft :/
Dat Ass.
imo Jade Raymond is hotter and smarter :P
btw for those of you adoring her hotness, go check Assassin's Creed's comic-con live stage demo host, she's superb.
how she reminds me of Marcus Fenix...
They wanted to remove Lara Croft models for future Tomb Raider games, yet they have the new voice actress parade and promote just like the old models did. Shes hot but I miss Allison Carroll.
Kind of a disappointment, she's very typical hot. There's nothing interesting about her really, just looks like someone pulled her off the Real World. I can understand the guy who said he prefers the CG version. I think what he means is, if you took the newly reformed Lara out of the game, and she was an actual person, not running around tomb raiding but the same style. I personally prefer a girl with layered tank tops, some cargos, and boots to another high-maintenance princess. This chick wouldnt leave the house without 2+ hours spent woriking on her hair. Granted this is for a television appearance and I dont know shit bout her or her casual life. Not trying to diss her but all I see here is "damn she's so hot" so.. yeah, not trying to troll here but she's not that great.
Dynamic Traversal...Lara moves freely. NO! Restrict me dang it! Make platforming a skill, not a boring button mashing segment. Wow, she is really attractive, and I rarely say that about women.
Please no Multiplayer for TombRaider.
Multiplayer is invading everywhere and sometimes it doesnt work on some games.
Adventure games are pure single player story experience and developers should focus on that aspect.
I 'd like to have games that are still pure single player.
simple word "she is beautiful"
She is cute!
she suits the new lara to a tee.as for some of you complaining about her boobs being to small.well i never like the big boobed lara that much.the new lara make her look more like a women.thann some bouncing big boobed bimbo.
my god, shes gorgeous.that face...those legs! wow
she's gorgeous!
A truu sexy lady!
eww dont like the real version. she dont have breasts
the virginity is strong with this one
i prefer the CG version
jealous ? yes i am, has my dream job
dang she's hot!
hmmm...yeah....I need one of those chicks!
I can see it now - 'Hold on a sec love, for this motion capture sequence, we feel it would be better for you to be naked if you don't mind, it's not gratuitous at all'
they must of had a hell of a time motion capturing her..
Nope. She's still the hot naked Lizzie from Californication in my mind...
she looks really sexy with that clothes XD
She really looks amazing. :]
"I'm scared with these questions." "Yeah, right, I'm doing my best to filter some of them for you guys." xDD
Apart from that, fun interview. Always good to get to know the people behind the polygons.
I really hope the scenes from 7:30-7:40 aren't actually in order: "AHH I stepped in a bear trap!""ok, here I'll just help you to your feet, that should fix it""ya, thanks, much better"...... ?
Her rack is too small to play as Lara...
"I hope that everyone is going to embrace me..." I'm thinking you should be more worried that Tomb Raider fans will literally try to embrace you.
Thank the Elder gods it's not multiplayer. But 10 hours is way too short
If she moved a little bit we would see her lara croft =)
I think we need to have women interview Camilla from now on. Every time I've seen a man interview her its like watching a 13 year old try to talk to a hot girl. I get it and I feel for ya man. I'd probably stammer like an idiot if I was trying to talk to her too.
yeah, gorgeous pair of legs OMG
God damn, look at dem legs.
@Flamerdragon It's not as though you need to play it just because it's there. I never even touched the multiplayer on Uncharted 3 and treated it as a pure single player experience
@resident_jisen thank you thank you thank you, i could never quite make out how she could do all those acrobatics with that much boob in previous entries, if i ever wanted that kind of adventure game, i'd go on brazzers.
@cheese232323 Nothing wrong with either from where I'm sitting.
@Heavenly_King you should see her without clothes
Rhona Mitra was the original model for Croft, I believe. She's also the best.
@Jaku13 To be fair, he said that the 10hrs was the minimum. But I still agree, I was hoping for at least 15.
But still, it's a Lara Croft game, and I shall be mowed down by a tidal wave of nostalgia.
@endorbr I don't think he did that bad of a job, actually. He was just smiling a lot, kind of hard not to. xD
Most of his interviews are conducted at this tone.
@MrSmiles5000 I checked some of her scenes from Californication and man!, OH MY GOD, i can say i liked what i saw, though i have a mixed feelings now about her being the face of Lara.
@Code-Llama I've seen him do plenty of interviews and he faltered a few times on this one and was doling out the weird undo praise that comes from guys when we get awkward around women. Not saying he didn't do a good job I've just noticed that guys seem to have difficulty interviewing her without getting awkward somewhere in there.


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Bhaven N. Sampat
Bhaven N. Sampat
Bhaven Sampat, PhD, is an Associate Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management at Columbia's Mailman School of Public Health. He also holds a courtesy affiliation with Columbia Law School and the School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), and has taught in SIPA's MPA and MIA programs, and in the Sustainable Development PhD program at the Earth Institute.
An economist by training, Sampat is centrally interested in issues at the intersection of health policy and innovation policy. His current work examines the causes and consequences of generic firms' challenges to pharmaceutical patents in the U.S., the impact of pharmaceutical patent laws on innovation and access to medicines in the developing countries, the political economy of the National Institutes of Health, and the returns to publicly funded medical research. Dr. Sampat has also written extensively on the effects of university patenting and the Bayh-Dole Act on academic medicine, and on patent quality issues in the U.S., and continues to be actively involved in policy debates related to these issues. He has published broadly in economics, law, business, health policy, medical and life science journals.
Dr. Sampat received his BA, MA, M.Phil., and PhD in economics from Columbia. He was previously an Assistant Professor at the School of Public Policy at Georgia Tech, where he twice won the "Faculty Member of the Year" teaching award. From 2003 to 2005 he was a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Scholar in Health Policy Research at the University of Michigan.
Together with C. Scott Hemphill, he is currently a recipient of a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Public Health Law Research Program to study generic challenges to pharmaceutical patents. He was also awarded a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation "Investigator Award" to study the political economy of the NIH. His work has also been funded by the Ford Foundation, the Merck Foundation, and the Commonwealth Fund.
Department of Health Policy and Management
Mailman School of Public Health
Columbia University
600 W 168th Street, Room 604
New York, NY 10032


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Is it a Minivan? Audi A4 Superavant in the Works
Can't we just do #5 anyway?
These duties were desperately needed. How do I know? About a year ago I needed to source some 20" wheels for an industrial application. One U.S. manufacturer quoted me more than $500 U.S. per wheel. The least expensive I could find in the U.S. for a comparable wheel was $300. Then I found an outfit in China who offered me to sell me a 20' container-load (about 300 or so wheels) for $50 each. The landed cost to me was around $75 each. These wheels were comparable in thickness & even quality to the ones quoted in the U.S. Even if I wanted to buy from a U.S. manufacturer, none of my competition is, which was forcing me to purchase from them from China. Even with these new duties, the Chinese wheels will be very competitive priced. Wheels are still much less from other countries. This duty will help countries like Turkey with their imports into the U.S. more than it will help US manufacturers. As long as US firms are so out of touch that they quote $500 for a wheel the Chinese were quoting $50, and Turkish companies are still quoting around $130 U.S., they still won't be able to compete.
Actually thats a good idea for U.S manufacturers. I think they should do this to all Chinese imports. Force U.S compnies that are manufacturing in China to move production here and more jobs for the people here.
Did it hurt when you pulled that out of your butt?
Just don't go overboard and it'll be fine. If they can subsidize those parts then we can tax them so it'll be even again.
The first year of this trade war will be a little tough on consumers:
1. No new assembled computers once the parts run out.
2. No new TV sets unless made in Mexico.
3. No inexpensive new clothes unless made in Egypt or Thailand.
4. No fully assembled new cars unless minus the electronics.
5. No iPads or iPods.
6. A sudden appreciation for how much will be imported from South of the border rather than made in the US.
7. The four year waits for US factories to tool up and come on line - maybe optimistic on that.
Just saying:)
For a self-sufficient country, protectionism is a good policy - as long as you limit it. In global trade, the only ones who win are the rich. the American middle class are the big losers there. At the same time, you can't just insulate your product from all competition. That lends itself to stymying the competitive nature of business, which leads to products not being as good or economical as they can be.
However if you can protect American jobs, I'm all for it.
China is going to OWN the US due to the debt they buy from us. Walmart knows this all too well. America is a joke for so many reasons. The debt is one of often overlooked reasons. You can't piss off China due to the debt they hold on us, so you end up letting the manufacturing sector in the US be almost non-existent. Invent something, some company in China will clone it & eventually sell your idea in the US & you can't do anything about it.
I cannot in good conscious let you espouse such false information. Any google search will tell you that total foreign held debt is around 4.5 trillion of the 15 trillion. A lot yes, but most debt is domestically owned. Also to your absurd China comment, total US debt held by the Chinese Central Bank is 1.16 trillion or ~8% of total debt. Again, it is a lot, but they don't own us. We own us. Do some research before you start spewing uninformed BS.
Just put a giant tariff on anything from china, and you'll see how quickly this country gets back on its feet. Right now we've become lazy and fat, and we need a drill sergeant to get us in gear.
Wait til China stops buying US T-Bills. It'll make this little trade spat over car rims look like a comedy skit. Buy Gold ETFs and hang the F on, it's gonna get real bumpy.
I'm glad our government is doing something to help U.S. manufactures
the US needs to do the same with every single import from china.
Finally! I'm not into protectism either but you fight fire with fire. The Chinese levy taffifs on all our products and limit import sales there, all the while cheating by price goughing in North America and Europe. Now they don't allow their public agencies to buy anything but sub-par Chinese cars... All markets need to band together and fight back.
Isn't it awesome? The Chinese hold 15.501 Trillion dollars of United States debt. They can do whatever they want to us. Like, subsidize manufactures so they can undercut the price of goods coming to the US. We have a way bigger problems then cheap spare tires coming from China. This can, and does, happen on virtually anything.
Great for the US economy (hopefully) but bad for consumers! As long as the duties are reasonable I don't see a problem but if they price the Chinese wheels completely out of the market, then there are some business ethics questions that need answered.
I think the tariff on the imported wheels is fair only because their price has been subsidized by the Chinese government, which lowers their price to a point that North American companies can't compete.
I am not one for protectionism, but when the Chinese Government subsidizes the manufacture so they can undercut the price, then tax the _hit out of them.
Trade war is going to be a word people here a lot in the next few years. Better not wake the dragon or it'll dump its trillions in Tbills and sink us. This is just one micro example of a very big issue looming over this country.


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|Andover, Mass.
|High School:
|Presentation of Mary Academy
2010-2011: The
coxswain of the novice eight at the 40th Schuylkill Regatta (Oct.
30) as the team tied for first out of 39 teams for the points
trophy…coxswain for the novice eight in eight spring
regattas…part of the novice eight which won dual-races with
New Hampshire (April 2) and Simmons (April 3), finished first in a
race against Boston College and Connecticut (April 17), placed
fifth at the New England Championship (April 30) and finished
fourth at the ECAC National Invitational (May 8).
Before Holy Cross: Member of the Essex Rowing Club for Travis Gardner and Mike Irwin…member of the novice eight boat that won the NEMA Championship…also a four-year member and senior captain of the varsity soccer team at Presentation of Mary Academy…member of the student council and National Honor Society.
Personal: Daughter of Davis Giangrande and Karen Gallagher Giangrande…has two brothers (Peter and Jason) and one sister (Liza)...a Psychology major.


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Following yesterday's news that Jobster would be allowing people to post free job listings to the site, Chief Executive Jason Goldberg writes that more than 2,250 jobs have been listed. He estimates those postings are valued at more than $1 million, writing on his blog that "free is good." He also responds to a critic who says the idea will fail, writing that the real value in the service is matching people to appropriate jobs.
Venture Capital Blog
The P-I traces startups, venture capital and life in the Pacific Northwest technology community.


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Lisa bone appetite
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