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I've used USB loader GX: r1209 and I have the same exact problem, any idea how I could change the sleep mode if that were the problem or why it wouldn't affect wii games?
have you try running GC games with the other USB Loaders?
List of Loaders that work with DM 2.8:
USB Loader GX: r1209
WiiFlow: v4.1
CFGLoader: cfg70MODr51
Booter: None for DIOS MIOS past v2.2
and I agree with gamer89420 your USB HDD maybe going into sleep mode.
I've used USB loader GX: r1209 and I have the same exact problem, any idea how I could change the sleep mode if that were the problem or why it wouldn't affect wii games?
to disable USB HDD sleep feature is brand specific, you need to download the utilities from the USB HDD manufacturer's site
Ok so I found out there is no way to disable the sleep on my drive, luckily its new enough that I can return it and buy a different one. I can also confirm that this is the problem. I found a 16g drive and loaded smash bros. onto it, and I was able to play for about an hour without a problem. Thanks for the help.
No problem, just trying to add to the suggestionsOriginally Posted by gamer89420
Fairly new at this, so please bare with me ; )
- Wii games run perfectly
- Hard drive is compatible
- GC games at this point just take me to the black screen
- Installed Dios Mios v2.8 with Wad Manager 1.7, however when I look the credits for USB Loader GX is says that I am on Dios Mios v2.6.1+ with rev1209 and IOS222 (Rev 4)
- When I try and load USB Loader GX from the Homebrew Launcher it says that USB Loader GX is ver 3.0 r1180, 05/2012 (Is that normal or should it say r1209?)
- WiiFlow is v4.1, but only takes me to the black screen as well
Not sure what I have done incorrectly...
Thanks for any help or sarcasm in advance
If you mean Home Brew Channel, the version shown comes from the META.XML file in the directory of the app, not from the app directly. So if you manually updated the app to 1209, you'll also have to manually update the .XML file if you want it to match (really don't unless you know what you are doing with XML files, as a broken XML file will break everything displayed for that item in HBC).
To know for sure what version of GX you are running, launch GX, go to settings, go the last page and select Credits. Then the version shown is in the upper-right corner.
It showing "DM 2.6.1+" is fine. There is no interface difference between 2.6.1 and 2.8, so the system doens't care what version it is as long as it is at least 2.6.1. When the calling interface changes again, as it did a lot during the early 2.x's, then GX will have to be updated to catch the new version and know how to handle it.
As for getting games to work in Dios Mios - the biggest thing is to make sure your hard drive is FAT32 formatted with 32k clusters. That's the main reason for Dios Mios not working. The method that I suggest to check to make sure you have 32k clusters is to attach your hard drive to your PC, note the drive letter that Windows gives it, then open a command prompt window.
Change directory to the drive and run "chkdsk". Note the 3rd to last line "bytes in each allocation unit". That should read 32,768. If it does not, then the hard drive needs to be reformatted to match.
Click the spoiler below for an example of what mine looks like and the commands I used to perform the test:
chkdsk test for 32k clustersCode:Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601] Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. C:\>i: I:\>chkdsk The type of the file system is FAT32. The volume is in use by another process. Chkdsk might report errors when no corruption is present. Volume WII created 3/27/2013 9:04 AM Volume Serial Number is 10F1-0DDB Windows is verifying files and folders... File and folder verification is complete. Windows has checked the file system and found no problems. 244,138,912 KB total disk space. 244,138,880 KB are available. 32,768 bytes in each allocation unit. 7,629,341 total allocation units on disk. 7,629,340 allocation units available on disk. I:\>
If you have to reformat, this is the tool that most of us recommends: Free Download Magic Partition Manager freeware: EaseUS Partition Manager, Disk & Partition Copy and Partition Recovery Software.
I suggest that you don't remove and recreate the partitions, instead you just say "Format", choose "FAT32", and then "32k" clusters. If you delete the partition and create a new FAT32 partition, you won't have a cluster size option and it will default to 64k, requiring it to be formatted again to 32k afterwards. So if you have to format, I would back up your current data to your computer, format, then restore the files, as formatting will delete everything on the hard drive. If you don't have the backup then you will have to rerip your library again.
Hope some of that helps.
Click Below for recommended Links
Download the latest:
Latest Loaders CFG v70r65 GX r1226 WiiFlow 4.2.1 Other downloads DM/DML 2.11
Thanks for the reply llaffer,
I did run chkdsk and came up with the same output as you,FAT32 at 32,768.
As for changing USB Loader GX, here is what I did:
- Deleted the current boot.dol file in my usbloader_gxfolder, under apps, on my SD card
- Copied and pasted the boot.dol and the boot.elf filefrom the provided links in this forum for (r1209 IOS222) in my usbloader_gxfolder, under apps, on my SD card
- Went in to the GXGlobal.cfg file in my usbloader_gxfolder, under apps, on my SD card and deleted the old content and saved itblank. Did I need to do this with all ofthe cfg files?
- Changed the path in the for the dol to locate it in thecorrect folder on the SD card. Not sureif this right or necessary, but am grabbing for straws at this point
- All the settings seem correct from the tutorial
Still just getting the black frozen screen on bothWiiFlow and USB Loader GX. Anything I'mmissing?
Where do you have the game data saved? SD or USB?
If on USB, you need Dios Mios. If on SD, you need Dios Mios Lite.
DML = GC games stored in sd:/games
DM = GC games stored in usb:/games
Click Below for recommended Links
Download the latest:
Latest Loaders CFG v70r65 GX r1226 WiiFlow 4.2.1 Other downloads DM/DML 2.11


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DoD News Briefing with Adm. Mullen from the Pentagon
Presenters: Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Adm. Michael Mullen
February 01, 2008
ADM. MULLEN: Morning. Good to see you. I'd just like to, first of all, say congratulations to the Barnes family. I understand Julian and his wife had a baby boy and so congrats to them.
First, as many of you know, we conducted another defense senior leaders conference this week attended by the civilian leadership of the department as well as combatant commanders and the Joint Chiefs. It was a very good, productive couple of days, healthy exchanges, and I appreciated the opportunity to get together and talk about some of the key security challenges that we face together. And I want to thank all them for their participation; they'd come from around the world.
The discussions were candid, covered a broad range of topics, including the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the fiscal year '09 budget submission, which goes to the Hill Monday, and the long-term health of our forces. We didn't resolve every issue, but I can tell you we had vigorous discussions and worked them very hard. These challenges we face are complex and interconnected. The more global, more strategic view we need to continue to focus there and that's the view we tried to take this week, and it was very instructive and helpful to me. It's always instructive when you're willing to consider other perspectives, particularly those out in the field who are executing our operations every single day.
One of the things I find -- that's why I find all the talk about a freeze or a pause in Iraq so interesting.
I know General Petraeus has said publicly he wants to be able to assess the situation after the surge brigades come home.
Conditions on the ground will, of course, continue to remain an important factor. Today's bombing in Baghdad, which took nearly 70 lives, is a stark reminder of that. But to the best of my knowledge, neither he or Ambassador Crocker have made any specific recommendations about future force levels in Iraq. They're working it, thinking about it, and that's their job. Admiral Fallon and his staff are also working it, as are the Joint Chiefs.
We will all present our independent assessments in the Spring, and the president will make his decision. All of us, at all levels inside the military, remain committed to getting this right for the Iraqi people, for the American people and for our troops and their families.
We aren't working in opposition to each other. In fact, there's quite a bit of collaboration going on. And we all know what the stakes are. But we are working with and from different perspectives, and that's how it should be. Right now we need some time to gain these perspectives, and we'll continue to work very hard on it.
Speaking of perspective, let me just offer a word on the studies this week by various groups about the future of Afghanistan. Maybe of you have reported on them. And I haven't had a chance to read through all the studies, although I've been through the summaries. And it's clear to me that a lot of work went into each effort, and I appreciate that. I also appreciate the challenges we're facing in Afghanistan and the uniqueness of that struggle. It's not Iraq, but it is also not forgotten.
I remain committed, the U.S. military remains committed to our mission in Afghanistan and to helping our NATO allies defeat what I've described as a classic growing insurgency.
Yesterday another study, this one on the state of the National Guard and Reserves, was also published. I want to thank retired General Arnold Punaro and his team for their efforts and their time. I haven't had a chance to read it in detail, but I look forward to doing so, and I am familiar with its summary recommendations to some degree.
Regardless, I think it's really important for us all to remember that the National Guard and Reserves are vital to our national security. They represent a key operational reserve capability at the federal level and perform critical state functions. They have been truly brilliant in fighting these wars and in transforming themselves in recent years. They and their families are national treasures, sacrificing right along with the active force in this long war. I've been over there, and I've seen what they're doing. We couldn't do it without them.
They're remarkable, and I appreciate their service.
And to the degree this report offers us opportunities to improve that service and their quality of life, we all stand to gain.
Q My name is (Name inaudible) from German television ZDF.
I have a question concerning Afghanistan and the letter, of the American ministry of Defense, apparently sent to his German colleague, in which he asked for more military support, especially in the South. What is the context of this letter? And in what, and how far is that connected to the Canadians threatening to withdraw their troops if the other allies don't step in anymore?
ADM. MULLEN: Well, I think the overall context of the letter is really consistent with what Secretary Gates has spoken about in recent weeks, which is this very strong desire to engage our allies with providing the forces that we need to move ahead in Afghanistan. And he's worked that very hard. I know it's been worked very hard inside your own country.
This is a time where there's a summit here coming up next week that the ministers will meet, as well as that being a buildup to a summit in Bucharest. So all that's focused on generating the kind of forces that we need to continue to move forward in Afghanistan, which is a big challenge.
Q I would like to follow up on that. The initial response from the German government has not been positive, and Germany is one of the countries that has some of these caveats that restrict how their forces are used in Afghanistan. Are you disappointed in the reaction you've gotten from the German government?
ADM. MULLEN: Well, actually I haven't spoken to my counterpart there in that regard. Clearly the challenge continues to be to provide the forces that NATO said, has committed to, and that's obviously up to the member nations. We also would like to see as many caveats lifted as possible to be able to conduct the mission. And it's a mission that's growing in terms of it's, the essence of it being, as I indicated earlier, a counterinsurgency. And we're going to need more of that kind of capability. And I know Secretary Gates, in his meetings, and I, when I meet with my counterparts, make that point.
Q Same subject Admiral?
Q Admiral, just again on the pause that has been discussed over the last few days, you mentioned time to get perspective. I think General Petraeus has talked about taking a breath.
How should the American public interpret this? I mean, there are some people who look at this and see some disappointment that perhaps Secretary Gates's hope, that there wouldn't be, continue to be, a drawdown at the same pace, wouldn't continue.
How should the public take this talk of a pause?
ADM. MULLEN: I think Secretary Gates hasn't changed his position. He's recently restated that that hope is out there. But the hope is not going to drive a solution set. All of us, including Secretary Gates, are very focused on making these recommendations based on conditions on the ground. We haven't had any discussions with respect to this with General Petraeus, and that's going to be to what our recommendations would be.
It's January. The surge -- or I'm sorry, it's February -- the surge -- the other four brigades don't get back for another five months, and one of the things that General Petraeus said in his testimony here, a lot can happen within a six-month period and events will drive these things. So I'm very confident that there's a terrific process in place. I think we need to have some patience to let it work and not presume the answers, and the leadership right up through the president has said we're going to take his -- we need to understand his recommendations in light of the conditions on the ground. I think we've got to wait for that.
Q But is it -- but are you seeing something in Iraq now, such as the increase in the violence in the last month, that leads you to feel there may be a need for at least a breath?
ADM. MULLEN: I don't see that at this particular point only -- and specifically with respect to the increase in violence because we've expected an increase in violence tied to the movement to the north to continue to try to route al Qaeda out of that particular area tied to this -- the Phantom Phoenix approach. And so -- and every single loss is tragic, we understand that, but we're in a very tough fight still there, and so that -- the increase in violence and the resultant very tragic casualties that are associated with that are part of where we are right now.
I'm also a little reluctant to take one month and project that to a dramatic increase which would be sustained over time.
Q Return to the German issue for a moment. The spokesman for Chancellor Merkel today said basically no that they would not be able to honor the secretary's request expressed in that letter. How much of a setback is that?
ADM. MULLEN: I think it's -- in a way that it becomes part of the process, and I think that's to be discussed both at the Secretary's level and at the heads of government level. And each country has to assess its ability to do this. We have in, I think, recent weeks certainly made the case that we need more forces. We've committed American forces ourselves, the 3,200 Marines, and so we're not just -- it isn't just rhetoric from our point of view. And we need that kind of assistance from those other countries, including Germany.
Q Following on in Iraq, Admiral. As you say, the other four brigades are not meant to come out until another five months. Doesn't that strengthen the argument for a pause? Can't you really only make a determination on how to proceed once those brigades have drawn out?
ADM. MULLEN: I think that clearly that will -- again, that will depend on how General Petraeus and his commanders on the ground see that requirement at that particular point in time. If you look at the surge return right now -- and we said we'd get home by the summertime -- it's spaced in a way that one brigade has come home, there's actually a couple month pause in this one before the rest of them come home.
And again, I've really got to hear from General Petraeus on this. How he might -- if he proposes both a pause or, you know, what his proposals would be will include, I'm sure, a distribution of the return of forces if that in fact is his recommendation.
Q But --
ADM. MULLEN: But he is not -- again, he's given no indication to anybody in the chain of command that that's where he is, and I think we just need to wait for him.
Q Just to follow up, I guess what I'm asking is: Isn't April really too soon to make a determination about force levels when you still have several brigades about to come out? Isn't April really too soon to make that determination?
ADM. MULLEN: I think April's close enough to -- I mean, we're within reasonable time in time and distance to July in order to certainly make that -- make an assessment.
And if it's an assessment that, in fact, warrants, you know, moving it to the right, then so be it.
Bob, I'm sorry, I didn't see you --
Q Admiral --
ADM. MULLEN: -- in the back row there. No, you go ahead.
Q Okay. Admiral Mullen, given the likelihood of a pause, could you characterize your discussions with the COCOMs and your colleagues this week regarding the impact on the strain on the Army, the impact a pause might cause on the strain on the Army and the Marine Corps in their continued presence in Iraq?
ADM. MULLEN: Didn't talk about it in terms of a pause, specifically. We actually -- we did have discussions about the stress on the ground forces and specifically the Army and the Marine Corps, and in fact, General Casey spoke of the need to move from 15-month deployments as rapidly as possible, to increase the dwell time. General Conway, particularly with this -- with the added forces going to Afghanistan now, said -- you know, said that this continues, basically, the pressure on his force, which could have been relieved had these two battalions not been sent into Afghanistan, relieved somewhat. It stays in somewhat of a steady state position because of the deployed forces.
Both of them said that -- talked to the stresses. We looked at the indicators. Both of them were very committed to being able to continue to do this, and both of them spoke very specifically about a key factor here, which is the real fragile piece, are the families who are supporting here as well. And so we're watching all those indicators regularly engaged.
So it was really along -- it was along those kinds of lines that we talked about where we were. Again, I think we're going to have to assess where we are with stress on the force as well as clearly where we are with conditions on the ground and what we would do next.
Q Given the -- given that – did you come to any kind of determination -- any sort of like preliminary timeline, a point at which if there is a pause, at which -- a time at which you -- that strain would become sort of an irreversible sort of thing, a point at which you just have to drawdown in Iraq further?
ADM. MULLEN: I think -- you know, General Casey has talked about this in terms of crossing an invisible red line, and our -- one of our goals as far as stress on the force is concerned is to not cross that line. And it's very difficult to determine exactly where that is. That's why we're looking at so many indicators. That's why every leader is engaged with troops and their families to understand this, and at the same time, to not forget that our mission is to continue to fight the wars that we're in, continue to move forward there and generate more success. Clearly that is the vector that we're on right now in Iraq, and it's a very delicate balance. And I don't see that balance changing in terms of being delicate here over the next six, eight, nine 10 months at this point. I think it's too early to say that, which is one of the reasons we're so focused on it.
Q Do you think that six or eight or nine months -- that the present force could be maintained in Iraq for the next six, seven, eight, nine months before we might reach some sort of invisible red line?
ADM. MULLEN: I think it can. But again, this is something we constantly assess, and most of all we'll focus -- we will focus this on continuing to support that mission, well aware of the delicate, fragile situation with our families as much as any, and then we'll see where we are.
Q The same topic, but let me ask it a slightly different way. You have talked about and the secretary's talked about basically three different presentations -- Petraeus, Admiral Fallon and yourself, all with this new perspective. Secretary Gates has talked about your perspective as being the global threat analysis, but obviously here we're talking about some of your Title 10 responsibilities as well, your concerns about stress on the force.
So can you talk a bit about where you are in your process and your analysis now as from the Joint Staff, and how much your recommendation to the president is going to be a global threat analysis and how much of it is going to be a concern about Title 10 issues, training and supplying and making sure that the force is not overstretched?
ADM. MULLEN: I think it will be a healthy mix of both of those things. And to your point, clearly General Petraeus will focus on what's going on in Iraq, Admiral Fallon more broadly what's going on in the region, and my charge is to look at the global -- globally assess and look at the risks that are associated with it.
It does eventually come down to -- for each of us, I think -- to the commitment to Iraq and the commitment to Afghanistan, because those are forces. I don't -- I honestly don't pull apart those two responsibilities, because they're constantly in front of us and, as I indicated, it's a very delicate balance right now.
Q The reason that I ask is because, as you mention, both General Casey and General Conway have been very vocal in their concerns about stress on the force.
ADM. MULLEN: Sure.
Q That Casey wants to get down to 12, and that Conway's worried about this new Afghan mission.
ADM. MULLEN: Sure.
Q It would sound like the chiefs are siding on let's pull down faster, and Petraeus and the regional commanders are saying we want to keep it at 15. Is that an inaccurate position?
ADM. MULLEN: I guess I would -- I would -- their comments are very much aligned with their day-to-day responsibilities.
But I have seen no indication from the service chiefs representing themselves as the members of the Joint Chiefs that they've made any decision with respect to this.
Q Thank you, sir. We'll be seeing the Defense Department's budget on Monday. Putting aside what the specific number is, a budget's really a strategy document, too. So what will the budget say broadly about the future of the American military, its strengths, its weaknesses, its needs and risks?
And you've spoken before about the need of sustained spending on national defense. Are you optimistic or pessimistic that these high levels can be sustained?
ADM. MULLEN: I think I'll take the second part first, which is -- well, I'm not going to talk a lot about the budget. It -- as you know, it's getting rolled out on Monday. I think, you know, a significant piece of this clearly will be the growth in the force, both in particular the Marine Corps, the Army, as well as our SOF forces, which oftentimes in that growth, we focus on those two services, but we've also got a substantial amount -- a substantial investment in growing our Special Operations Forces as well.
I believe that we need to have a broad public discussion about what we should spend on defense. I've been very clear about my belief that a 4 percent floor, a 4 percent of GDP floor is really that, and I am concerned and I -- this comes from my evolution as a service chief, where we worked very hard to efficiently and effectively invest for the future, and in that development, I've gotten to a point where I think -- I really do believe -- this 4 percent floor is important. And it's -- and it's really important, given the world we're living in, given the threats that we see out there, the risks that are, in fact, global, not just in the Middle East, and that we as a nation need to be very careful about how we're going to invest in defense in order to handle these kinds of challenges which are going to -- while will persist for the foreseeable future.
Q Can you talk about the Status of Forces Agreement with Iraq, what it is that the U.S. military would like to see in that? And also, these concerns that some people have expressed that it could wind up tying the hand of a future president.
ADM. MULLEN: We're still in the early stages of this so how, what it's going to look in its final, as a final product is, I just don't know right now. We need to be able to have, as we do in any status of forces agreement, protections for our people, so that piece of it's going to be key. We need to be able to, particularly this year, continue to be able to conduct combat operations.
We believe we need to have -- before transition away from them, part of it needs to address detainee operations. And then we also believe there's a piece of it that's got to be tied to train and equip. Those are sort of some of the big pieces that we have right now. Most importantly, I think, it will be a very strong anchor to the long-term relationship that we believe is very important with Iraq.
Q Will it have security guarantees extended to the Iraqis in terms of, you know, pledging to defend it against external attack, that sort of thing?
ADM. MULLEN: Again I haven't seen all of that with respect to -- I just, I'm aware of sort of the four big pieces that I talked right now. And how this actually works out in the end, I just, I think it's too early to tell that.
Q Admiral, can you tell us, was it a U.S. strike that killed Abu Laith al-Libi? Were there any U.S. military personnel -- two different questions -- involved in that? And what have you heard from General Kayani or any of the Pakistani leadership since the public statements from this podium last time about being willing to offer training or even joint operations?
ADM. MULLEN: I haven't heard anything personally from the leadership, although it's my intention to go to Pakistan in the near term to spend some time with the leadership, first of all. Secondly I think the strike was a very important one. It was a very lethal one. And then thirdly I'm not going to talk any more about the operational side of this, of how that in fact occurred.
Q Can you tell us what your assessment is about the impact of al-Libi being killed? Does it make any difference? And what difference does it make?
ADM. MULLEN: He was a key figure, clearly, for al Qaeda, and we believe that's important. The other thing -- I mean, elimination of someone like that is a very important outcome in terms of this long war.
We remain concerned, obviously, about the safe havens there. Being able to have an impact in the safe haven, I think, is an important one.
We're very committed to working with the Pakistanis on this. We're very -- that's one of the reasons I'm going to see General Kayani and the rest of the leadership, to ensure -- one, establish a personal relationship; two, make sure that I understand his concerns and, in fact, work very hard to support them. As the last time we were up here with respect to that, we will only do what is requested by Pakistan.
Q Can I follow up?
Q Back to the budget for a moment. This year defense spending adjusted for inflation will be at its highest level since the Second World War, as you know. Given that the administration has suggested it will freeze entitlement spending, and given that we're probably about to enter an economic recession, how do you make the case to the American public that three-quarters of a trillion dollars ought to be spent on defense for the long haul?
ADM. MULLEN: I think that's an important case we have to make in the discussion. And that's one of the reasons I'm looking at a public discussion and public debate about what it should be. And I think it needs to be informed by the environment, security risks that are out there and what it's going to take to meet those security risks, which includes the full spectrum from the kind of irregular warfare and terrorist threats that we have right now to the other end of the spectrum in terms of the conventional threats that are potentially emerging in the longer run.
And that balance is a very difficult balance. And at least from the military's perspective, I mean, my number-one mission is to protect the United States of America. And I need to be able to talk about that, work to make that case. And then I think we get -- not just the military, we get the budget -- back to, I think, Tom's point, you know, investment is a strategy -- and we get the budget and the military that the American people want.
Q Could it be done for less money?
ADM. MULLEN: I won't get into specific numbers right now. I think that's part of the debate that we have to have.
Q Thank you, sir. Two quick questions, one going back to the most wanted killed in Pakistan. Do we believe now that since this 12th most wanted on the U.S. list was killed in Pakistan, do we believe that most of the most wanted, including Osama bin Laden, is also in Pakistan? I mean, do the U.S. have now access to get into those areas where nobody could got yet? And second, that how much threat do you think you have as far as nuclear weapons going in the hands of the al Qaedas? Because we still don't have or U.S. does not have still access to A.Q. Khan.
ADM. MULLEN: I'm very comfortable that the nuclear weapons in Pakistan are secure and that the Pakistani leadership has taken steps to ensure those -- that security.
And then with respect to al Qaeda, and you said number 12, there are certainly many more than that, than 12, who threaten us. And so while this particular strike was very successful and we're very pleased with the outcome, there's still a great deal more work to do.
STAFF: We have time for one more.
Q Sir, you will be discussing on your trip with General Kayani and others in Pakistan as far as ongoing missions and catching all the top, including Osama bin Laden, as well as the nuclear weapons during your trip?
ADM. MULLEN: I'll tell you, to the degree I can, when I get back what I talk about with him.
Q Sir, in your assessment of Afghanistan by the Joint Staff, I mean what is the consideration, perhaps, in the meeting this week also of a need to really significantly increase the effort there, the military effort, to better accommodate the reconstruction effort? What's the debate with regard to that? And can you clarify a little bit what the Marine mission will be there?
ADM. MULLEN: We're sending essentially -- in the 3,200, we're sending two groups of Marines. One is a -- was -- is a Marine air- ground task force normally called a MEU, which it will have a combat mission and will be assigned to ISAF in terms of -- and so their principal mission will be combat. We're also sending another battalion, which will meet a part of the training requirement which is there, which overall, we're still well short of -- back to the earlier discussions about we need countries to work as hard as they can to provide that kind of capability as well.
So it's the training mission for one of the battalions, and the heart of the MEU is another battalion, and they'll be on a combat mission. And that's how that breaks up in terms of the missions that the Marines, the 3,200 Marines, will be carrying out when they get there starting in March.
Q Can you speak to the broader question of perhaps in the long term, in the longer term this increase of forces, whether that might be considered?
ADM. MULLEN: We -- Secretary Gates has previously said, I mean, that we were about 6,000 or so short in terms of the mission, so this gets -- at least as currently requested by the combatant commander -- and so this gets at about half of that. One of the concerns, and where we would like NATO to step forward, is to generate forces to relieve the Marines either in the fall as they rotate out or as soon thereafter as possible. So this isn't -- as we see it right now, there isn't a looming requirement for thousands and thousands of more troops.
Also back to what part of your first question is, the impact of our Provincial Reconstruction Teams, the impact of the OMLTs that are training teams as well, generating as many of those will have a huge impact on the eventual outcome there as well. And that is not the military side, that's the development side, the training side, the government side, the rule of law, all those kinds of things.
Q Last week yourself and Secretary Gates said that you would be willing to have more numbers of joint operations in Pakistan if the Pakistanis requested that. Have they said to you either that they would be willing or interested or not interested in doing that, first of all? And second of all, have you seen any indication that support for President Musharraf within the military has declined since he took the uniform off?
ADM. MULLEN: I haven't -- to the second part, I haven't seen that.
And with respect to the joint operations, it is very -- it's exactly what we said before. Should the Pakistani government want to have that kind of assistance, then clearly we could do that. But that's really up to them. And that's kind of where -- that's where it is. And I mean one of the reasons I go is to have discussions like these with the leadership, to see where they really are.
The signals that I see are generally consistent with the Pakistanis in the lead and we can assist where asked. And we're going to have to work that over time.
Okay, thank you.
MODERATOR: Thank you.
Q Have a nice weekend.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
video 'The Way You Look Tonight'
video editing
Joe Locke Group live at Dizzy's Club Coca-Cola, July 18, 2014 feat. vocalist Kenny Washington and Jim Ridl, Clarece Penn, Lorin Cohenread more
Joe Locke on tour in Japan
Email design / responsive html build / broadcast
To announce the upcoming world tour dates for our client, vibes player and band leader Joe Locke, we piloted the Klaviyo template builder to generate responsive and 100% compatible email html. The result is a slick, slimline and fast loading mobile responsive email that was sent to the artist's 6,000 subscriber strong database.read more
video teaser: Joe Locke is coming to Japan
video editing
Very short teaser video – a message by US vibes player Joe Locke ahead of his October 2014 tour dates in Japanread more
Joe Locke Group LIVE at Dizzy's
A stunning group in stunning surroundings. On 20 July 2014, I was able to squeeze myself through the crowded NYC venue at Jazz at Lincoln Center to capture some special moments.read more
Jaimeo Brown's Transcendence LIVE
GoPro Hero3+ footage / editing
Our first indoors/concert footage with GoPro Hero3+ was pre edited in GoPro Studio and then optimised and fine tuned in Premiere Pro CC and After Effects CC. The fabulous Jaimeo Brown live at the Jazz Café in Camden (London) was more than the perfect test case…read more
Andy Waddell "Alive"
6-panel digipak design
Californian guitarist Andy Waddel's music spoke to me straight away and taking care of creating the packing for his new album "Alive" was a natural task.read more


text:
POLITICO Playback: Clinton's social media town hall
The best of last night's late-night TV. Hillary Clinton takes questions through social media and 60 Minutes faces criticism for going light on President Obama.
Please see the Comments FAQ if you have any additional questions or email your thoughts to email@example.com powered by Disqus


text:
Home > Reductive > Theme > Costumes on Sale
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This amazing accessory features a pair of shiny, black and ruby red dress shoe flats with black polka dots. Two ladybug ornaments adorn the tip of the shoe to bring out the lovely ladybug in you this Halloween!
With these Ladybug Shoes, you'll have just what you need so you can bug everyone with bundles of fun this Halloween season!
Available in Sizes:
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November 13, 2011
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Ladybug Shoes - Flats


text:
The 1999 Peers Awards Nomination for Creative Director of the Year, was a significant milestone in the career of Patrick Champagnie: a career which began while he was still a student at Calabar High School, and developed through experience in modern techniques of television, radio and print advertising at Saatchi and Saatchi Advertising in New York. During the 1980s he worked his way from Graphic Artist to Executive Director in the best of Jamaica's advertising agencies.
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text:
ELIZABETHTON — The list of candidates to be the next Elizabethton City Manager was trimmed to four names during a workshop session of City Council on Wednesday.
The four finalists are:
• Jerome Kitchens, Elizabethton's finance director, who is now serving as interim city manager;
• Jeffery Morse, who has served as town manager of Valdese, N.C. since 1980;
• Steven Neilson, who has been development coordinator for Johnson City since 1995;
• Melissa Peagler, senior planner with the town of Morristown since 2004.
The commission also decided to interview the four finalists, with two being interviewed on Friday, March 15 and the other two candidates being interviewed on Thursday, March 21. The order in which the candidates will be interviewed has not yet been determined.
Pat Hardy, municipal management consultant with the University of Tennessee's Municipal Technical Advisory Service, worked with Angie Lyons, Elizabethton's director of personnel and risk management, to go over all of the applications submitted for the job.
"We advertised nationally, well we advertised world wide," Hardy told the council members.
The result was 130 applications. He said this is not unusual. He said in the old days, potential applicants only submitted resumes when they were very serious about wanting the job.
"Then you printed your information on nice bond paper, put it in an envelope and mailed it. Now you just click and it is sent by email," Hardy said.
Lyons said only six of the applications was sent through the mail and some of those were followups to applications already emailed.
Hardy said he and Lyons each took copies of all the applications and sorted them into "yes", "no", and "maybe" piles. After that, Hardy and Lyons compared piles and worked together on the final recommendation of five finalists and three "good" alternatives. Three of the four finalists selected by the council came from the five selected by Hardy and Lyons, while Peagler was in the list of good alternatives.
Hardy said some of the qualifications used to narrow the list of candidates were education, experience and tenure. Many of the finalists have master's degrees in public administration or comparable field. He said one of the key items he looked for was tenure, has the candidate had a long tour of duty in one position?
The council members discussed some of the traits they were seeking in the new city manager.
Mayor Curt Alexander said he wanted a candidate with "fire in the belly", someone who would come in and immediately make a difference, not someone looking to serve a few years before moving on.
Nancy Alsup said she a candidate's interaction with the city employees was important to her.
Bob Cable said he wanted to see how the businessmen of the city felt about the candidates.
Richard Tester liked candidates who had a strong economic development and planning background.
On March 15 and 21, the council will interview the finalists. The interview process is expected to last 1 1/2 hours. Each council member may also have a private 15 minute one-on-one session with each finalist.


text:
Soirées in Paris can lead to the occasional memorable quip. And one of my all-time favourites is: "skin is the best accessory." It was André Leon Talley who uttered this terrific line, lightly paraphrasing Diana Vreeland, one of his former employers and mentors. Anyway, I was reminded of his quote when catching sight of Laetitia Casta. The occasion was Chanel's launch for their Petite Veste Noire exhibition at the Grand Palais. As per usual, the roll call of beauties was fairly fabulous – imagine Charlotte Casiraghi, Daphne Guinness, Anna Mouglalis, Anja Rubik – but La Casta stood apart. Marilyn Monroe-like, it was as if a torch was lighting her within, further armed by her soft, sweet smile. With her pale skin and curves, Laetitia defines the term 'Belle Epoque' beauty yet remains versatile enough to suit today's demands.
"Soirées in Paris can lead to the occasional memorable quip. And one of my all-time favourites is: 'skin is the best accessory'"
Last summer, I interviewed Laetitia ahead of the release of Arbitrage, her first American film, which also stars Richard Gere and Susan Sarandon. To be honest, I was quite nervous. French film stars tend to be a charismatic, mercurial breed. The kind to play 'modest me' yet question each question in a mildly self-important manner. And Laetitia is beyond famous, having made countless hit movies as well as starting her fashion career with Le Maître: Yves Saint Laurent... However, I am delighted to report that she was thoroughly adorable, starting with the fact that she arrived early and then insisted on paying the bill – a first! I was reminded of Sophia Loren. Not because Laetitia resembles the Italian screen goddess but because she possesses the same feminine feistiness and grounded attitude. Loren was renowned for dividing her life between the public and the private. And Laetitia does the same. She is steeped in Inner Chic.
Text by Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni
Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni is a Paris-based British writer who covers fashion and lifestyle as well as being the author of Sam Spiegel – The Biography of A Hollywood Legend, Understanding Chic, an essay from the Paris Was Ours anthology, the soon-to-be released Tino Zervudachi – A Portfolio – as well as the Chanel book, for Assouline's fashion series.
Robert Beck is former New Yorker currently based in Paris. Also known as C.J. Rabbitt, he is the author and illustrator of several children's books, including The Tale of Rabbitt in Paradise, Un Lapin à Paris and the soon-to-be-published A Bunny in the Ballet.


text:
In Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4 and let-7 enclode 22- and 21-nucleotide RNAs, respectively, that function as key regulators of developmental timing. Because the appearance of these short RNAs is regulated during development, they are also referred to as "small temporal RNAs" (stRNAs). We show that many more 21- and 22-nt expressed RNAs, termed microRNAs, (miRNAs), exist in invertebrates and vertebrates, and that some of these novel RNAs, similar to let-7 stRAN, are also highly conserved. This suggests that sequence-specific post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms mediated by small RNAs are more general than previously appreciated.
1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of:
(a) a nucleotide sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 489 or SEQ ID NO: 490;
(b) a nucleotide sequence which is the complement of (a); and/or
(c) a nucleotide sequence consisting of 18 to 25 nucleotides which has an identity of at least 80% to a sequence of (a) or (b).
2. The nucleic acid molecule of
3. The nucleic acid molecule of
4. The nucleic acid molecule of
5. The nucleic acid molecule of
6. The nucleic acid molecule of
7. The nucleic acid molecule of
8. A composition comprising at least one nucleic acid molecule of
9. The composition of
10. The composition of
11. The composition of
12. The composition of
13. The nucleic acid molecule of
14. The nucleic acid molecule of
15. The nucleic acid molecule of
16. The nucleic acid molecule of
17. The nucleic acid molecule of
18. A recombinant expression vector comprising at least one nucleic acid molecule of
This Application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 11/747,409 filed May 11, 2007, which is a divisional of U.S. Pat. No. 7,232,806 issued Jun. 19, 2007, which is a 371 of International Application PCT/EP2002/10881 filed Sep. 27, 2002, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
The present invention relates to novel small expressed (micro) RNA molecules associated with physiological regulatory mechanisms, particularly in developmental control.
In Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4 and let-7 encode 22- and 21-nucleotide RNAs, respectively (1, 2), that function as key regulators of developmental timing (3-5). Because the appearance of these short RNAs is regulated during development, they are also referred to as "microRNAs" (miRNAs) or small temporal RNAs (stRNAs) (6). lin-4 and let-21 are the only known miRNAs to date.
Two distinct pathways exist in animals and plants in which 21- to 23-nucleotide RNAs function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) act as mediators of sequence-specific mRNA degradation in RNA interference (RNAi) (7-11) whereas miRNAs regulate developmental timing by mediating sequence-specific repression of mRNA translation (3-5). siRNAs and miRNAs are excised from double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) precursors by Dicer (12, 13, 29), a multidomain RNase III protein, thus producing RNA species of similar size. However, siRNAs are believed to be double-stranded (8, 11, 12), while miRNAs are single-stranded (6).
We show that many more short, particularly 21- and 22-nt expressed RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs), exist in invertebrates and vertebrates, and that some of these novel RNAs, similar to let-7 RNA (6), are also highly conserved. This suggests that sequence-specific post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms mediated by small RNAs are more general than previously appreciated.
The present invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising:
In a preferred embodiment the invention relates to miRNA molecules and analogs thereof, to miRNA precursor molecules and to DNA molecules encoding miRNA or miRNA precursor molecules.
Preferably the identity of sequence (c) to a sequence of (a) or (b) is at least 90%, more preferably at least 95%. The determination of identity (percent) may be carried out as follows:
Further, the invention encompasses nucleotide sequences which hybridize under stringent conditions with the nucleotide sequence as shown in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3 or Table 4, a complementary sequence thereof or a highly identical sequence. Stringent hybridization conditions comprise washing for 1 h in 1×SSC and 0.1% SDS at 45° C., preferably at 48° C. and more preferably at 50° C., particularly for 1 h in 0.2×SSC and 0.1% SDS.
The isolated nucleic acid molecules of the invention preferably have a length of from 18 to 100 nucleotides, and more preferably from 18 to 80 nucleotides. It should be noted that mature miRNAs usually have a length of 19-24 nucleotides, particularly 21, 22 or 23 nucleotides. The miRNAs, however, may be also provided as a precursor which usually has a length of 50-90 nucleotides, particularly 60-80 nucleotides. It should be noted that the precursor may be produced by processing of a primary transcript which may have a length of >100 nucleotides.
The nucleic acid molecules may be present in single-stranded or double-stranded form. The miRNA as such is usually a single-stranded molecule, while the mi-precursor is usually an at least partially self-complementary molecule capable of forming double-stranded portions, e.g. stem- and loop-structures. DNA molecules encoding the miRNA and miRNA precursor molecules. The nucleic acids may be selected from RNA, DNA or nucleic acid analog molecules, such as sugar- or backbone-modified ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. It should be noted, however, that other nucleic analogs, such as peptide nucleic acids (PNA) or locked nucleic acids (LNA), are also suitable.
In an embodiment of the invention the nucleic acid molecule is an RNA- or DNA molecule, which contains at least one modified nucleotide analog, i.e. a naturally occurring ribonucleotide or deoxyribonucleotide is substituted by a non-naturally occurring nucleotide. The modified nucleotide analog may be located for example at the 5′-end and/or the 3′-end of the nucleic acid molecule.
Preferred nucleotide analogs are selected from sugar- or backbone-modified ribonucleotides. It should be noted, however, that also nucleobase-modified ribonucleotides, i.e. ribonucleotides, containing a non-naturally occurring nucleobase instead of a naturally occurring nucleobase such as uridines or cytidines modified at the 5-position, e.g. 5-(2-amino)propyl uridine, 5-bromo uridine; adenosines and guanosines modified at the 8-position, e.g. 8-bromo guanosine; deaza nucleotides, e.g. 7-deaza-adenosine; O- and N-alkylated nucleotides, e.g. N 6-methyl adenosine are suitable. In preferred sugar-modified ribonucleotides the 2′-OH-group is replaced by a group selected from H, OR, R, halo, SH, SR, NH2, NHR, NR2 or CN, wherein R is C1-C6 alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyi and halo is F, Cl, Br or I. In preferred backbone-modified ribonucleotides the phosphoester group connecting to adjacent ribonucleotides is replaced by a modified group, e.g. of phosphothioate group. It should be noted that the above modifications may be combined.
The nucleic acid molecules of the invention may be obtained by chemical synthesis methods or by recombinant methods, e.g. by enzymatic transcription from synthetic DNA-templates or from DNA-plasmids isolated from recombinant organisms. Typically phage RNA-polymerases are used for transcription, such as T7, T3 or SP6 RNA-polymerases.
The invention also relates to a recombinant expression vector comprising a recombinant nucleic acid operatively linked to an expression control sequence, wherein expression, i.e. transcription and optionally further processing results in a miRNA-molecule or miRNA precursor molecule as described above. The vector is preferably a DNA-vector, e.g. a viral vector or a plasmid, particularly an expression vector suitable for nucleic acid expression in eukaryotic, more particularly mammalian cells. The recombinant nucleic acid contained in said vector may be a sequence which results in the transcription of the miRNA-molecule as such, a precursor or a primary transcript thereof, which may be further processed to give the miRNA-molecule.
Further, the invention relates to diagnostic or therapeutic applications of the claimed nucleic acid molecules. For example, miRNAs may be detected in biological samples, e.g. in tissue sections, in order to determine and classify certain cell types or tissue types or miRNA-associated pathogenic disorders which are characterized by differential expression of miRNA-molecules or miRNA-molecule patterns. Further, the developmental stage of cells may be classified by determining temporarily expressed miRNA-molecules.
Further, the claimed nucleic acid molecules are suitable for therapeutic applications. For example, the nucleic acid molecules may be used as modulators or targets of developmental processes or disorders associated with developmental dysfunctions, such as cancer. For example, miR-15 and miR-16 probably function as tumor-suppressors and thus expression or delivery of these RNAs or analogs or precursors thereof to tumor cells may provide therapeutic efficacy, particularly against leukemias, such as B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Further, miR-10 is a possible regulator of the translation of Hox Genes, particularly Hox 3 and Hox 4 (or Scr and Dfd in Drosophila).
In general, the claimed nucleic acid molecules may be used as a modulator of the expression of genes which are at least partially complementary to said nucleic acid. Further, miRNA molecules may act as target for therapeutic screening procedures, e.g. inhibition or activation of miRNA molecules might modulate a cellular differentiation process, e.g. apoptosis.
Furthermore, existing miRNA molecules may be used as starting materials for the manufacture of sequence-modified miRNA molecules, in order to modify the target-specificity thereof, e.g. an oncogene, a multidrug-resistance gene or another therapeutic target gene. The novel engineered miRNA molecules preferably have an identity of at least 80% to the starting miRNA, e.g. as depicted in Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4. Further, miRNA molecules can be modified, in order that they are symetrically processed and then generated as double-stranded siRNAs which are again directed against therapeutically relevant targets.
Furthermore, miRNA molecules may be used for tissue reprogramming procedures, e.g. a differentiated cell line might be transformed by expression of miRNA molecules into a different cell type or a stem cell.
For diagnostic or therapeutic applications, the claimed RNA molecules are preferably provided as a pharmaceutical composition. This pharmaceutical composition comprises as an active agent at least one nucleic acid molecule as described above and optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
The administration of the pharmaceutical composition may be carried out by known methods, wherein a nucleic acid is introduced into a desired target cell in vitro or in vivo.
Commonly used gene transfer techniques include calcium phosphate, DEAE-dextran, electroporation and microinjection and viral methods [30, so 31, 32, 33, 34]. A recent addition to this arsenal of techniques for the introduction of DNA into cells is the use of cationic liposomes [35].
Commercially available cationic lipid formulations are e.g. Tfx 50 (Promega) or Lipofectamin 2000 (Life Technologies).
The composition may be in form of a solution, e.g. an injectable solution, a cream, ointment, tablet, suspension or the like. The composition may be administered in any suitable way, e.g. by injection, by oral, topical, nasal, rectal application etc. The carrier may be any suitable pharmaceutical carrier. Preferably, a carrier is used, which is capable of increasing the efficacy of the RNA molecules to enter the target-cells. Suitable examples of such carriers are liposomes, particularly cationic liposomes.
Further, the invention relates to a method of identifying novel microRNA-molecules and precursors thereof, in eukaryotes, particularly in vertebrates and more particularly in mammals, such as humans or mice. This method comprises: ligating 5′- and 3′-adapter-molecules to the end of a size-fractionated RNA-population, reverse transcribing said adapter-ligated RNA-population, and characterizing said reverse transcribed RNA-molecules, e.g. by amplification, concatamerization, cloning and sequencing.
A method as described above already has been described in (8), however, for the identification of siRNA molecules. Surprisingly, it was found now that the method is also suitable for identifying the miRNA molecules or precursors thereof as claimed in the present application.
Further, it should be noted that as 3′-adaptor for derivatization of the 3′-OH group not only 4-hydroxymethylbenzyl but other types of derivatization groups, such as alkyl, alkyl amino, ethylene glycol or 3′-deoxy groups are suitable.
Further, the invention shall be explained in more detail by the following Figures and Examples:
We previously developed a directional cloning procedure to isolate siRNAs after processing of long dsRNAs in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysate (8). Briefly, 5′ and 3′ adapter molecules were ligated to the ends of a size-fractionated RNA population, followed by reverse transcription, PCR amplification, concatamerization, cloning and sequencing. This method, originally intended to isolate siRNAs, led to the simultaneous identification of 14 novel 20- to 23-nt short RNAs which are encoded in the D. melanogaster genome and which are expressed in 0 to 2 h embryos (Table 1). The method was adapted to clone RNAs in a similar size range from HeLa cell total RNA (14), which led to the identification of 19 novel human stRNAs (Table 2), thus providing further evidence for the existence of a large class of small RNAs with potential regulatory roles. According to their small size, we refer to these novel RNAs as microRNAs or miRNAs. The miRNAs are abbreviated as miR-1 to miR-33, and the genes encoding miRNAs are named mir-1 to mir-33. Highly homologous miRNAs are classified by adding a lowercase letter, followed by a dash and a number for designating multiple genomic copies of a mir gene.
The expression and size of the cloned, endogenous short RNAs was also examined by Northern blotting (
5S rRNA was detected by ethidium staining of polyacrylamide gels prior to transfer. Blots were stripped by boiling in 0.1% aqueous sodium dodecylsulfate/0.1×SSC (15 mM sodium chloride, 1.5 mM sodium citrate, pH 7.0) for 10 min, and were re-probed up to 4 times until the 21-nt signals became too weak for detection. Finally, blots were probed for val-tRNA as size marker.
For analysis of D. melanogaster RNAs, total RNA was prepared from different developmental stages, as well as cultured Schneider-2 (S2) cells, which originally derive from 20-24 h D. melanogaster embryos [15] (
The mir-3 to mir-6 genes are clustered (
The expression of HeLa cell miR-15 to miR-33 was examined by Northern blotting using HeLa cell total RNA, in addition to total RNA prepared from mouse kidneys, adult zebrafish, Xenopus laevis ovary, and D. melanogaster S2 cells. (
The majority of vertebrate and invertebrate miRNAs identified in this study are not related by sequence, but a few exceptions, similar to the highly conserved let-7 RNA [6], do exist. Sequence analysis of the D. melanogaster miRNAs revealed four such examples of sequence conservation between invertebrates and vertebrates. miR-1 homologs are encoded in the genomes of C. elegans, C. briggsae, and humans, and are found in cDNAs from zebrafish, mouse, cow and human. The expression of mir-1 was detected by Northern blotting in total RNA from adult zebrafish and C. elegans, but not in total RNA from HeLa cells or mouse kidney (Table 2 and data not shown). Interestingly, while mir-1 and let-7 are expressed both in adult flies (
The identification of evolutionary related miRNAs, which have already acquired multiple sequence mutations, was not possible by standard bioinformatic searches. Direct comparison of the D. melanogaster miRNAs with the human miRNAs identified an 11-nt segment shared between D. melanogaster miR-6 and HeLa miR-27, but no further relationships were detected. One may speculate that most miRNAs only act on a single target and therefore allow for rapid evolution by covariation, and that highly conserved miRNAs act on more than one target sequence, and therefore have a reduced probability for evolutionary drift by covariation [6]. An alternative interpretation is that the sets of miRNAs from D. melanogaster and humans are fairly incomplete and that many more miRNAs remain to be discovered, which will provide the missing evolutionary links.
lin-4 and let-7 stRNAs were predicted to be excised from longer transcripts that contain approximately 30 base-pair stem-loop structures [1, 6]. Database searches for newly identified miRNAs revealed that all miRNAs are flanked by sequences that have the potential to form stable stem-loop structures (
Despite advanced genome projects, computer-assisted detection of genes encoding functional RNAs remains problematic [22]. Cloning of expressed, short functional RNAs, similar to EST approaches (RNomics), is a powerful alternative and probably the most efficient method for identification of such novel gene products [23-26]. The number of functional RNAs has been widely underestimated and is expected to grow rapidly because of the development of new functional RNA cloning methodologies.
The challenge for the future is to define the function and the potential targets of these novel miRNAs by using bioinformatics as well as genetics, and to establish a complete catalogue of time- and tissue-specific distribution of the already identified and yet to be uncovered miRNAs. lin-4 and let-7 stRNAs negatively regulate the expression of proteins encoded by mRNAs whose 3′ untranslated regions contain sites of complementarity to the stRNA [3-5].
Thus, a series of 33 novel genes, coding for 19- to 23-nucleotide microRNAs (miRNAs), has been cloned from fly embryos and human cells. Some of these miRNAs are highly conserved between vertebrates and invertebrates and are developmentally or tissue-specifically expressed. Two of the characterized human miRNAs may function as tumor suppressors in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. miRNAs are related to a small class of previously described 21- and 22-nt RNAs (lin-4 and let-7 RNAs), so-called small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), and regulate developmental timing in C. elegans and other species. Similar to stRNAs, miRNAs are presumed to regulate translation of specific target mRNAs by binding to partially complementary sites, which are present in their 3′-untranslated regions.
Deregulation of miRNA expression may be a cause of human disease, and detection of expression of miRNAs may become useful as a diagnostic. Regulated expression of miRNAs in cells or tissue devoid of particular miRNAs may be useful for tissue engineering, and delivery or transgenic expression of miRNAs may be useful for therapeutic intervention. miRNAs may also represent valuable drug targets itself. Finally, miRNAs and their precursor sequences may be engineered to recognize therapeutic valuable targets.
To gain more detailed insights into the distribution and function of miRNAs in mammals, we investigated the tissue-specific distribution of miRNAs in adult mouse. Cloning of miRNAs from specific tissues was preferred over whole organism-based cloning because low-abundance miRNAs that normally go undetected by Northern blot analysis are identified clonally. Also, in situ hybridization techniques for detecting 21-nt RNAs have not yet been developed. Therefore, 19- to 25-nucleotide RNAs were cloned and sequenced from total RNA, which was isolated from 18.5 weeks old. BL6 mice. Cloning of miRNAs was performed as follows: 0.2 to 1 mg, of total RNA was separated on a 15% denaturing polyacrylamide gel and RNA of 19- to 25-nt size was recovered. A 5′-phosphorylated 3′-adapter oligonucleotide (5′-pUUUaaccgcgaattccagx: uppercase, RNA; lowercase, DNA; p, phosphate; x, 3′-Amino-Modifier C-7, ChemGenes, Ashland, Ma, USA, Cat. No. NSS-1004; SEQ ID NO:54) and a 5′-adapter oligonucleotide (5′-acggaattcctcactAAA: uppercase, RNA; lowercase, DNA; SEQ ID NO:55) were ligated to the short RNAs. RT/PCR was performed with 3′-primer (5′-GACTAGCTGGAATTCGCGGTTAAA; SEQ ID NO:56) and 5′-primer (5′-CAGCCAACGGAATTCCTCACTAAA; SEQ ID NO:57). In order to introduce Ban I restriction sites, a second PCR was performed using the primer pair 5′-CAGCCAACAGGCACCGAATTCCTCACTAAA (SEQ ID NO:57) and 5′-GACTAGCTTGGTGCCGAATTCGCGGTTAAA (SEQ ID NO:56), followed by concatamerization after Ban I digestion and T4 DNA ligation. Concatamers of 400 to 600 basepairs were cut out from 1.5% agarose gels and recovered by Biotrap (Schleicher & Schuell) electroelution (1×TAE buffer) and by ethanol precipitation. Subsequently, the 3′ ends of the concatamers were filled in by incubating for 15 min at 72° C. with Taq polymerase in standard PCR reaction mixture. This solution was diluted 3-fold with water and directly used for ligation into pCR2.1 TOPO vectors. Clones were screened for inserts by PCR and 30 to 50 samples were subjected to sequencing. Because RNA was prepared from combining tissues of several mice, minor sequence variations that were detected multiple times in multiple clones may reflect polymorphisms rather than RT/PCR mutations. Public database searching was used to identify the genomic sequences encoding the approx. 21-nt RNAs. The occurrence of a 20 to 30 basepair fold-back structure involving the immediate upstream or downstream flanking sequences was used to assign miRNAs [36-38].
We examined 9 different mouse tissues and identified 34 novel miRNAs, some of which are highly tissue-specifically expressed (Table 3 and
To gain insights in neural tissue miRNA distribution, we analyzed cortex, cerebellum and midbrain. Similar to heart, liver and small intestine, variants of a particular miRNA, miR-124, dominated and accounted for 25 to 48% of all brain miRNAs. miR-101, -127, -128, -131, and -132, also cloned from brain tissues, were further analyzed by Northern blotting and shown to be predominantly brain-specific. Northern blot analysis was performed as described in Example 1. tRNAs and 5S rRNA were detected by ethidium staining of polyacrylamide gels prior to transfer to verify equal loading. Blots were stripped by boiling in deionized water for 5 min, and reprobed up to 4 times until the 21-nt signals became too weak for detection.
miR-125a and miR-125b are very similar to the sequence of C. elegans lin-4 stRNA and may represent its orthologs (
Sequence comparison of mouse miRNAs with previously described miRNA reveals that miR-99b and miR-99a are similar to D. melanogaster, mouse and human miR-10 as well as C. elegans miR-51 [36], miR-141 is similar to D. melanogaster miR-8, miR-29b is similar to C. elegans miR-83, and miR-131 and miR-142-s are similar to D. melanogaster miR-4 and C. elegans miR-79 [36]. miR-124a is conserved between invertebrates and vertebrates. In this respect it should be noted that for almost every miRNA cloned from mouse was also encoded in the human genome, and frequently detected in other vertebrates, such as the pufferfish, Fugu rubripes, and the zebrafish, Danio rerio. Sequence conservation may point to conservation in function of these miRNAs. Comprehensive information about orthologous sequences is listed in
In two cases both strands of miRNA precursors were cloned (Table 3), which was previously observed once for a C. elegans miRNA [36]. It is thought that the most frequently cloned strand of a miRNA precursor represents the functional miRNA, which is miR-30c-s and miR-142-as, s and as indicating the 5′ or 3′ side of the fold-back structure, respectively.
The mir-142 gene is located on chromosome 17, but was also found at the breakpoint junction of a t(8;17) translocation, which causes an aggressive B-cell leukemia due to strong up-regulation of a translocated MYC gene [44]. The translocated MYC gene, which was also truncated at the first exon, was located only 4-nt downstream of the 3′-end of the miR-142 precursor. This suggests that translocated MYC was under the control of the upstream miR-142 promoter. Alignment of mouse and human miR-142 containing EST sequences indicate an approximately 20 nt conserved sequence element downstream of the mir-142 hairpin. This element was lost in the translocation. It is conceivable that the absence of the conserved downstream sequence element in the putative miR-142/mRNA fusion prevented the recognition of the transcript as a miRNA precursor and therefore may have caused accumulation of fusion transcripts and overexpression of MYC.
miR-155, which was cloned from colon, is excised from the known noncoding BIC RNA [47]. BIC was originally identified as a gene transcriptionally activated by promoter insertion at a common retroviral integration site in B cell lymphomas induced by avian leukosis virus. Comparison of BIC cDNAs from human, mouse and chicken revealed 78% identity over 138 nucleotides [47]. The identity region covers the miR-155 fold-back precursor and a few conserved boxes downstream of the fold-back sequence. The relatively high level of expression of BIC in lymphoid organs and cells in human, mouse and chicken implies an evolutionary conserved function, but BIC RNA has also been detected at low levels in non-hematopoietic tissues [47].
Another interesting observation was that segments of perfect complementarity to miRNAs are not observed in mRNA sequences or in genomic sequences outside the miRNA inverted repeat. Although this could be fortuitous, based on the link between RNAi and miRNA processing [11, 13, 43] it may be speculated that miRNAs retain the potential to cleave perfectly complementary target RNAs. Because translational control without target degradation could provide more flexibility it may be preferred over mRNA degradation.
In summary, 63 novel miRNAs were identified from mouse and 4 novel miRNAs were identified from human Soas-2 osteosarcoma cells (Table 3 and Table 4), which are conserved in human and often also in other non-mammalian vertebrates. A few of these miRNAs appear to be extremely tissue-specific, suggesting a critical role for some miRNAs in tissue-specification and cell lineage decisions. We may have also identified the fruitfly and mammalian ortholog of C. elegans lin-4 stRNA. The establishment of a comprehensive list of miRNA sequences will be instrumental for bioinformatic approaches that make use of completed genomes and the power of phylogenetic comparison in order to identify miRNA-regulated target mRNAs.
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Michael Jordan has been long gone from professional basketball, but the shoes named in his honor apparently still have high value.
Evidence: A Clinton resident said a thief broke into her apartment and stole 23 pairs of Nike Air Jordan shoes, all belonging to her fiance.
The shoes, some of which are collectibles, are valued at thousands of dollars, ...


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StartupJournal.com has a story today that is a first hand account of an entrepreneur and how he created and uses his business plan. What this entrepreneur does and what many fail to do is revisit the plan on a monthly basis to keep his business on track. All businesses should do this.
The only thing that I have to disagree with in the article is the author's opinion on business plan software. Granted, I'm biased. Unfortunately, I don't believe he gave software a fair representation. He characterizes software as "fill in the blank" and "cookie-cutter." While some software may be like this, not all software packages are. Several packages (including Business Plan Pro) include detailed instructions and examples that guide you through every step of the plan. I have yet to find a free template online that does that. In addition, the financials created by a software package are guaranteed to be error free. Creating your own spreadsheets on the other hand is open to extreme errors. I can't tell you the number of times I have seen home-grown business plan financials that would never stand up to the critical eyes of a banker or investor.
Well, enough of my rant. It's a good article and worth reading.
Read the article at StartupJournal.com
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How LivePlan makes your business more successful
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As you'll see in a moment, LivePlan is more than just business plan software, though. It's a knowledgable guide combined with a professional designer coupled with a financial wizard. It'll help you get over the three most common business hurdles with ease.
Let's take a look at those common hurdles, and see how producing a top-notch business plan sets your business up for success.Click to continue


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It might be hard to tell because of a four-game losing streak and the likelihood of having to watch the playoffs in two weeks but the Suns might have as many Hall of Famers on their active roster as any NBA team.
It is hardly noticeable when the team is 36-38 and the three candidates are on the back sides of their careers.
Suns guard Steve Nash is a shoo-in for induction into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Every Hall-eligible NBA Most Valuable Player has made it and he is one of only 12 multiple MVP winners.
It is Suns swingmen Grant Hill and Vince Carter who have cloudier candidacies.
Hill was robbed of much of his prime by injuries but still is a seven-time All-Star who ranks in the all-time top 100 lists for points and assists with more basketball ahead at age 38. Hill also was on two national championship teams at Duke, was a first team All-American and played for the 1996 U.S. Olympic gold medal team.
"It's a basketball hall of fame, not the NBA hall of fame," said Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame chairman Jerry Colangelo, who remains a Suns chairman. "It covers all levels of contributions. By definition, the Naismith Memorial Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame that honors people from all levels of the game."
Carter also has an Olympic gold medal from 2000 but his candidacy is more rooted in numbers.
Carter is one of 37 players in NBA history to score 20,000 points. He ranks 36th all-time after passing Tom Chambers, leaving Mitch Richmond as the only Hall-eligible player ahead of him who is not a Hall member. Carter will pass him on the scoring list with 57 more points.
"Those are tough calls," ESPN analyst Jeff Van Gundy said of Hill's and Carter's Hall of Fame hopes. "That's why stats are very difficult to go by. Some part of it has to be an eye test. You watched. You felt.
"The stats would say yes for Carter. The longevity would say yes. You'd have a hard time saying no."
It is remarkable that Hill has a chance after ankle injuries robbed him of most of his prime seasons. For the four seasons that he was 28 to 31 years old, Hill played in only 47 of 328 games. Until then, he had been All-NBA first or second team for five consecutive seasons.
"When you're young and your ego consumes you and things are going well, you get caught up in your legacy - as crazy as that might sound," Hill said. "It seems so far in the future then. After going through my injuries, that's not something that consumes me at all. If it happens, it happens. It'd be a huge honor. But I'm proud of what I've been able to do and what I've been able to overcome. I've been humbled a bit so it's not something I think about often."
Carter had not noticed the legendary names that surround him on the list. He recently passed John Stockton, Bob Lanier and Gail Goodrich, who are Hall of Fame members.
"I never thought about that (Hall of Fame) aspect of it," Carter said. "I've never looked at the list. I never thought about myself or considered myself in that group. I feel like you play out your career and it'll speak for itself. You always hope for that, just like you hope to be an All-Star. You hope to win a championship. You hope at the end of your career that it happens. You never know."
To a degree, they control their fate, although neither has many years left to play. Hill plans to return next season, when he will be 39, and the Suns likely will make Carter, 33, a free agent this summer. On Monday, a new Hall of Fame induction class will be announced with a group that could speak well for Hill's chances with a multi-level basketball resume.
Hill might find his way to Hall of Fame distinction before he ever retires. There is speculation that Hill will be appointed as the first ever active player to serve on the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame's Board of Governors. The board next meets in May.
"I'll just have to play another 10 years, add another couple thousand points and see what happens," Hill said. "It makes you appreciate those who get in. It doesn't just take two or three good years but it's a whole body of work and doing it consistently over a long, successful career."
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March 8, 2011: Phoenix Suns veterans Vince Carter (25), Steve Nash (13) and Grant Hill (33) are potential NBA Hall of Famers.
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WILSON, N.C. – The Barton College Gospel Choir will present its fourth annual concert on Saturday, April 4, in Hardy Alumni Hall at 3 p.m. This event is open to the public at no charge, and the community is invited to attend.
Among the afternoon's musical selections will be "Perfect Peace," "Souled Out," "You are […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – Acclaimed children's book illustrators Bonnie Christensen, Meredith Hamilton, and Loren Long will be the featured guests for a panel discussion with moderator Susan B. Fecho, Barton art professor and illustrator, at the Barton College Friends of Hackney Library spring dinner on Tuesday, March 31. The evening's festivities, to be held in Hardy […]Learn More! →
AUGUSTA, GA – With a big sheriff patrolling the paint for Augusta State, the
Barton College Bulldogs fired blanks all too often Sunday night and saw their
season end with a 77-61 loss to the nationally fourth-ranked Jaguars in the NCAA
D-II Men's Basketball Southeast Regional semifinals in Christenberry Fieldhouse.
The ice-cold […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – In response to President Barack Obama's challenge to all Americans to invest in education, Barton College has initiated a special opportunity for its full-time students' parents, guardians, or grandparents through "Weekend College at Barton." Two courses will be offered free of charge to a parent, guardian, or grandparent of all full-time Barton […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – The sixth annual Caregiver Education Conference is scheduled for Tuesday, March 24, on the Barton College campus.
The Gerontology Program of Barton College, the Eastern North Carolina Chapter of the Alzheimer's Association, the Upper Coastal Plain Area Agency on Aging Family Caregiver Support Program, and Joseph D. Russell, M.D., have teamed up […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – The Barton College Creative Writing Symposium presents the fourth annual Emerging Writers Series on Monday, March 16, and Tuesday, March 17, in The Sam and Marjorie Ragan Writing Center on campus. The event is open to the public free of charge, and the community is invited to attend.
Dr. and Mrs. William […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – Barton College is pleased to announce George Solan as vice president for student affairs. His appointment was effective January 26.
As chief student affairs officer for the College, Solan oversees the residence life program, the office of chaplain, the health services program, counseling services, career services, student leadership and development programs including […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – The hauntingly beautiful musical, "Violet," based upon "The Ugliest Pilgrim," short story by N.C. native Doris Betts, with music by Jeanine Tesori and libretto by Brian Crawley, will open on the Barton stage Thursday, March 12, at 8 p.m. in Howard Chapel.
"We join Violet, a young woman from the mountains of […]Learn More! →
WILSON, N.C. – Barton's Bulldogs cruised past Mount Olive Feb. 26 in both the men's and women's regular-season championship basketball games as a near sellout "Dog House" crowd and special guests from the world-famous Harlem Globetrotters looked on.
The Lady Bulldogs beat Mount Olive 75-49 to move to 18-4 […]Learn More! →
Every January, artwork pours into Barton College's Case Art Building from schools all across North Carolina, to compete in the nation-wide Scholastic Art Awards. Hundreds of originally designed and created works submitted by students in grades seven through twelve fill the rooms of the Case Art Building. And, for the last four years, Peter Damroth […]Learn More! →


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Per iND provides an update on its F10 M5 project tuning car:
Development of IND's M5 continues, and in this week's update we find our M5 within the bowels of AMS; dyno room. Having logged over 20 hours on the dyno since the installation of a host of AMS-supplied testing and datalogging equipment, we've started to build a knowledge base that will help to make key decisions and allow us to take steps toward our ultimate power goal.
Our M5 was wired with a complete sensor package … CONTINUED
Final official numbers have been released on the Manhart Manhart Racing MH5 S Biturbo F10 M5 and it comes in at an impressive 646 HP (475 kW) and 570 lb-ft (773 Nm) torque [a +86hp / +68 lb-ft gain over stock] . Top speed is now 196 mph (316 km/h).
All this power is generated from its ECU software tune, MHR carbon fiber air intake system, downpipes (can be ordered with catalytic converters) and sports exhaust system with 90mm tail pipes (video below).
This particular MH5 S … CONTINUED
Manhart Racing has released its full MH5-S biturbo F10 M5 full tuning program, consisting of cosmetic enhancements as well as performance upgrades in the form of a software ECU tune, exhaust system, and coilover suspension system. The full program includes:
- ECU software tune to 633bhp
- Manhart Racing sport exhaust (video below)
- Manhart Racing CF front lip
- Manhart Racing CF vented hood
- Manhart Racing CF trunk spoiler
- Manhart Racing CF rear diffuser
- Manhart Racing hr classic wheels
– f: 21×9 265/30 + r: 21×10.5 305/25 – … CONTINUED
The BMW M display at this year's 2012 Paris auto show featured the latest M models to be released – the F10 M5 and F12 M6 coupe. What you see is the 2013 M6 in Sakhir Orange, its launch color. The 2013 M5 wears Frozen Grey, a BMW Individual color which looked excellent under the show lights. Also on display was the M5/M6′s monster 560hp V8 twin turbo S63Tu engine.
Most of you have read about the M5, M6 and S63Tu specs repeated times already, but for … CONTINUED
Velos Designwerks video announcing their F10 M5 and F12/F13 M6 Stage 1 Performance Software Tune (for the S63Tu engine). Initial power gain estimates for the Stage 1 tune is roughly 73 hp and 80 lb ft of torque.
We present the just released 3D Design F10 M5! The 3D Design program for the F10 M5 features a robust line of carbon fiber aerodynamic accessories including a front lip, low splitters, side skirts, rear diffuser, and trunk spoiler. In addition to these pieces the roof spoiler from their existing F10 line will also be compatible.
The F10 M5 line will not stop at the aerodynamic portion of the brand. 3D Design will have their trademark exhaust system developed with Arqray as a technology partner. Currently … CONTINUED
Manhart Racing has unveiled its new MH5 S Biturbo tuning program for the BMW M5 (F10).
The first stage tuning package breathes more power into the M5′s bi-turbo 4.4L V8 S63Tu engine by pushing it 624hp (633 PS / 466 kW) and 575 lb-ft (780 Nm) of torque. This is an increase of +72hp (73 PS / 54 kW) and 74 lb-ft (100 Nm) over factory.
Yet to come will be even more powerful stages which will produce 661hp (670 PS / 493 kW) and 725hp (735 PS … CONTINUED
G-POWER officially announces the full details and specs on its F10 M5 Bi-Tronik III package for the 2012+ BMW M5. Here's the skinny on the M5 Bi-Tronik III:
640hp (+80hp over factory M5)
573lb-ft torque (+72 over factory M5)
0-100kmh (62mph) in 3.9 seconds
VMAX removed to up top speed to 315kmh / 195mph
Stainless steel sport rear muffler with "Deeptone" technology (4 x 100 mm tailpipes)… CONTINUED
BMW tuner G-Power has announced on our facebook page. Their Stage 1 F10 M5 and F12/F13 M6 kit is good for pushing the V8 bi-turbo S63Tu engine to 640 hp / 575 lb-ft torque (780Nm) .
This is a +80hp / 74lb-ft gain over the new M5 and M6′s factory 560hp / 501lb-ft torque.
The G-Power F10 M5 tuning program offers:
G-Power Stage 1 tune – 640hp/780Nm (575 lb-ft) with VMAX removal. Good for more than 310km/h (192mph)
Quad stainless steel … CONTINUED
Since its recent European market introduction, many a M5 fan has been waiting to see the tuning potential of the new F10 M5 and its beefy 560hp bi-turbo S63Tu engine. The first F10 M5 ECU tune has now been released, by the German tuning company, PP-Performance.
They were recently able to crack the factory ECU and their Stage 1 tune added:
Gains: +60hp and +70Nm (51lb-ft) torque
New total output: 620 HP / 750Nm (553lb-ft) torque
The price for the stage 1 tune has been set at 3,499 € (euros). … CONTINUED


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University of Wyoming students with a current UWYO Domain account are entitled to a UW student website on the UW central web servers.
UW regulations regarding appropriate use of computing and communications facilities can be found at UW Regulation 3-690 (www.uwyo.edu/generalcounsel/_files/docs/UW-Reg-3-6901.pdf) and UW Regulation 8-30 (www.uwyo.edu/generalcounsel/_files/docs/UW-Reg-8-301.pdf).
Please Note: authors are responsible for writing SECURE code and implementing secure coding practices. Failure to have secure code on your site may result in your site being down and/or being shut down by Information Technology until the problem is proven to have been resolved.
Student website root URLs are found at http://students.uwyo.edu/username. For example:
UWyo username = cowboy1
Root site URL = http://students.uwyo.edu/cowboy1
Access to site content is available through mapping a drive.
The path to your student website is in the form: \\students\username$
For example, if your username is "Smith" the path to your web files would be \\students\smith$
For help mapping a drive, see How to Map a Network Drive.
What are the rules for UW student websites?
The University of Wyoming Student Web Server is provided as a teaching tool that allows UW students the opportunity to create academic websites. These sites are available to all full-time and part-time students.
Unauthorized usage of the University of Wyoming's student websites is prohibited. These types of usage include but are not limited to:
Information Technology reserves the right to disable or delete content that violates the University of Wyoming Student Website Rules or Unireg 690.
How do I request/create a UW student website?
You must have a currently valid student account at the University of Wyoming. If you do not have a student account, please contact the Academic Support Unit. More information is available at http://microlab.uwyo.edu/accounts.asp, under the Domain Account heading.
If you are connecting remotely please see the below section on connecting remotely.
Then, submit a creation request from the following page: https://students.uwyo.edu.
How do I delete a UW student website?
There is a deletion request form located at https://students.uwyo.edu.
How do I connect to my website remotely (outside of the University of Wyoming Campus Network) to edit my site?
The supported method to remotely connect to a student website is to use WyoSecure, the University's VPN client, found at https://wyosecure.uwyo.edu/. See the WyoSecure VPN FAQ for information on installing and using WyoSecure VPN.
After connecting, you should be able to edit your site normally through mapping a drive. If you have problems connecting, contact the IT Help Desk at firstname.lastname@example.com or 766-4357.
Can I receive help with editing content on my website?
The University of Wyoming student websites are provided on an as-is basis. Information Technology can only provide assistance in the case that there is a potential problem with the service. Support for editing pages, scripts, graphics, etc. is not the responsibility of Information Technology or the Academic Support Unit, and will not be provided.
What is the quota for my site?
All sites are restricted to a maximum quota (size) of 200 megabytes.
Who is able to edit my website?
Your UWYO account is the only one assigned as an author to your site. Additional author access is not permitted.
What type of server-side scripting is offered on my site?
ASP, ASPX, and .Net
What does my default document need to be named?
Any of the following are acceptable default document names:
This requires someone attempting to view your site to only have to type in your site name, such as: http://students.uwyo.edu/cowboy1. If you choose not to use a default document, any potential site-viewer will need to know the full path to your homepage. For example: http://students.uwyo.edu/cowboy1/homepage.html.
What is wrong when my site displays "Directory Listing Denied, This Virtual Directory does not allow contents to be listed?"
If this error occurs, then this means there is no default document found in the root folder of the URL. Either create an acceptable default document, or provide the full path to a page
What are the backup and restore policies for my site?
If you need a file from your website restored, contact the IT Help Desk at firstname.lastname@example.com or 766-4357.
Are there any restrictions concerning file extensions that I should know about?
Content ending with the extensions of: .exe, .bat, .com, .vbs, .cmd, .log, .dat, .ini, .pol, is disabled.
Can my site be disabled without my approval?
If a site is suspected of causing a problem, Information Technology reserves the right to stop service of the site until the problem is resolved. A site can also be disabled if it is found to be in violation of UNIREG 690.
At this time, Information Technology does not provide support for SSL sites.
SSL: Secure Sockets Layer, encrypts web traffic and is used for data that is confidential or should otherwise be secure (https://). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security
How does the Data Access support structure work?
Each site is created with a folder in it that is setup for data access. The name of the folder is "DA" and it has two special characteristics that allow it to act as a folder for data access. The first characteristic is that anything that is in the folder is not directly "browseable" via the web. For instance, if you were to put a database in that directory someone could not guess the name of the database, put the URL into a web browser, and download the database and all of its contents to their local computer. The second characteristic for the DA folder is that it is writeable via the guest account. This allows you to setup a DSN-Less connection to a database and pull information from, or push information to a database.
Reviewed: 1212 By: CJ
Additional help with the installation and configuration of
UW-supported software is available:
Contact the IT Help Desk at 766-HELP (4357), option 1
Email firstname.lastname@example.com
Email firstname.lastname@example.com
Contact the IT Help Desk at 766-HELP (4357), option 1
Come to the student computer lab in the lobby of the
Information Technology Center.
IT Help HoursIT Help Hours:
Monday – Friday,
8:00am – 5:00pm
Closed Sat and Sun
Request Help
Chat with a UW IT Representative
Chat with a UW IT Representative:
IT Help Hours:
Monday – Friday, 8:00am – 5:00pm
Closed Sat and Sun


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11:11 pm
Wed March 24, 2010
Informant Cannot Be Deported To Mexico
By KRWG News
El Paso – An immigration board says a former federal drug informant can't be deported to his home country of Mexico because he would be tortured "either directly by government agents or indirectly by government agents turning him over to the cartel."
The U.S. Justice Department's Board of Immigration Appeals ruled last week that Guillermo "Lalo" Ramirez Peyro, a former U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement informant who worked with the Juarez cartel, was likely to be tortured because of corruption "at all but the highest levels of government." The ruling was made public Wednesday by Ramirez's lawyer.
The board also ruled that the decision can be reversed if Mexico makes "significant inroads" in the fights against cartels and corruption. News of the ruling comes one day after senior U.S. officials pledged to help Mexico fight its bloody drug war.
Copyright 2010 The Associated Press.


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Blue Notes & Upcoming Shows
From pop to blues, funk to bop, Tyson Lynn measures the familiar, the unusual, and the up and comers in the Seattle music scene.
Monthly Archive for April, 2014
The Triple D: Devilwood, Debaucherauntes, and Duo Finelli!
at The Sunset tonight! [Read More]
Stop Making Sense
A pretty good way to spend a Saturday afternoon. [Read More]
El Radio Fantastique, Baby Gramps, and The Bad Things
Led by its creator, the charismatic singer, songwriter, dumpster diver and one-time gravedigger Giovanni DiMorente, EL Radio Fantastique is a collection of talented and electrifying musician-performers from the small farming community of Point Reyes Station, California. The overarching musical influences for the group derive from DiMorente's coveted record collection scavenged from abandoned tenements in New […] [Read More]
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