text:
A method of manufacturing an automotive reflector comprising a series of steps. A thin plastic film having a backing material is thermoformed into the rough shape of the reflector. The thermoformed film is called a pre-form. The pre-form has a concave surface and a convex surface. The backing material forms the convex surface. The pre-form is placed within an injection molding press with the concave surface juxtaposed a mold core. Molten reinforced plastic material is injected into the mold adjacent to the backing material. The plastic material heats and fuses to the backing material to form a reflector. After the plastic material has cooled, the reflector is removed from the injection mold as a finished reflector.
1. A method of manufacturing a reflector comprising the steps of:
providing a thermoformable film having a highly reflective surface and a backing material;
forming said film into a shape of a reflector;
placing said film in an injection mold wherein said reflective surface is adjacent a core in said mold;
injecting a plastic material into said mold adjacent to said backing material; and
heating and fusing said plastic material to said backing material to form said reflector.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. A method of manufacturing an automotive reflector comprising the steps of:
providing a film having a highly reflective surface and a backing surface;
thermoforming said film to a preform having a curved shape, wherein said reflective surface forms a concave surface and said backing surface forms a convex surface;
placing said film in an injection mold having a core, said core mating with said concave surface;
injecting a plastic material into said mold adjacent said backing surface heating and fusing said plastic material to said backing material to form said reflector; and
cooling said plastic material and removing said reflector.
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. The method of
15. The method of
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1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing an automotive reflector. More specifically, the invention is directed to manufacturing an automotive reflector from a thermoformed film having a highly reflective material that is integrally molded into a reflector.
2. Description of the Related Arts
Most automotive reflector assemblies are made from a reflector and a lens. The reflector is injection molded to have a curved shape. The interior of the reflector is metalized to provide a highly reflective coating. The metalized surface is produced in several ways including vacuum deposition, sputter coatings or ion coatings. These coating methods generally require that the reflector be pre-molded and placed within a metalizing chamber. Most chambers are operated under a vacuum and require removing some or all of the air within the chamber. A significant percentage of the metal used in the metalization process falls outside of the reflector. This generally requires the use of protective masks that are fitted over the reflectors to prevent metalization of these outside areas. The method thus described is a batch process that requires loading and unloading the reflectors into a chamber for metalization.
The conventional metalization process is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,085,248. The interior surface of the reflector requires a highly polished or smooth finish to receive the metalization. This is achieved by either finely polishing the molds or by applying a base coat to the interior surface of the reflector. The metal is deposited on the interior surface of the reflector usually by vacuum deposition. The metal most commonly used in vacuum deposition is aluminum. Because the aluminum surface is subject to oxidation, a protective outer coating is deposited atop the aluminum to maintain the reflectivity of the aluminum coating. It is desirable to produce a reflector without these metalization and coating steps.
It is also desirable to manufacture reflectors from plastic materials that withstand the high temperatures created by the lamp. Currently, most high quality thermoplastic reflectors are made from unfilled-engineered plastic materials such as polycarbonate. These materials are able to both provide the desired high temperature resistance and smooth finish for an optical surface, but they are more expensive than other plastic materials. Plastic materials filled with reinforcing fibers or particles are also known to be able to withstand the higher temperatures, and cost substantially less than the unfilled polycarbonate, but the filler material, usually glass, talc, or mica, causes surface irregularities that degrade the optical performance of the reflector. These materials require a base coat between the plastic reflector and the metalized coating to provide a smooth surface. This additional step may negate the cost savings from the materials selection.
It is also desirable to separate the metalization step from the molding step. The metalization chambers required to produce an optical-quality surface are very expensive. The equipment needed to injection mold the reflector is much more affordable. Rather than shipping bulky metalized reflectors to assembly facilities, it is desirable to manufacture a lightweight pre-form that contains the metalized coating reflective surface. This enables the manufacture of the finished reflector at the final assembly location and permits the greater utilization of the more expensive metalization chambers.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,833,889, teaches a method of making an automotive reflector by first thermoforming a polymeric film to have the shape of the reflector and then injection molding a rigid backing to the film. The backing may include glass reinforcement material that in the absence of the film would degrade the optical coating. The film provides a smooth surface to receive the metalization. The method described in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,822,899 patent still requires a separate metalization step that is avoided by the present process. By incorporating the reflective material into the film prior to forming, the expensive and complicated metalization process is avoided. It is much simpler and less costly to form a flat film to have a reflective surface than applying metal to a curved reflector.
In an unrelated art area, it is known to apply decorative films or appliqu�s to the exterior surface of molded articles. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,266,377 and 5,223,315 teach the manufacture of a container having a printed label. The label is placed within the cavity of the mold and then the container is molded within the label. Applying films to the exterior surface of an article is understood because as the article is formed within the mold, it pushes outwardly, stretching the film within the mold. It is not known to manufacture articles having a smooth film surface laminated to the surface of the part. Manufacturing an article having a smooth laminated interior film is more complex because as the article is molded, it tends to collapse the film within the mold. The collapsed film often causes wrinkles, pleats or other unwanted blemishes.
The films used to produce thermoformed pre-forms are generally placed within a rigid frame. The frame retains two or more sides of the film while the film is heated. The film and frame are then placed above or below the mold for thermoforming. A process using frames to thermoform films is described in UK Patent Application No. 6B2187132A and is incorporated herein by reference. The use of frames is again a batch process where the frame receives a length of film. The frame is needed to provide tension to the film as it is thermoformed. It is desirable to provide a method for manufacturing thermoformed films that does not require the use of a frame to retain the film or to provide tension to the film during thermoforming. It is also desirable to provide a method of precisely indexing the film without the need for a frame.
After the film is thermoformed, it produces a pre-form having an offal portion surrounding the pre-form. The offal portion is trimmed in a separate trimming operation and removed from the pre-form. It is desirable to provide a thermoforming process that simultaneously thermoforms and trims the pre-form while retaining the offal portion on a film roll. This enables a continuous thermoforming and trimming process that does not require the separate handling of the offal portion.
These deficiencies and problems are overcome by the present invention.
The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing an automotive reflector comprising a series of steps. A thin plastic film having a backing material is thermoformed into the rough shape of the reflector. The thermoformed film is called a pre-form. The pre-form has a concave surface and a convex surface. The backing material forms the convex surface. It is preferable that the film be formed to have a highly reflective surface. This may be achieved by depositing a metal coating to the film using conventional metalization equipment or by incorporating material, either polymeric or metallic, into the film that produces a reflective surface on the film.
The pre-form is placed within an injection molding press with the concave reflector surface juxtaposed a mold core. Molten plastic material is injected into the mold adjacent to the backing material. The plastic material heats and fuses to the backing material to form a reflector. After the plastic material has cooled, the reflector is removed from the injection mold as a finished reflector.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the thermoforming operation may simultaneously form and trim the film. This is especially useful when using films that have a reflective surface and the offal portion is not needed as a mask. In this alternative embodiment, the film is retailed between rollers and thermoformed in the desired shape. The thermoforming press includes cutting blades that trim the film to the desired shape when the mold is moved to a closed position.
This alternative embodiment enables the manufacture of a reflector without the need for a separate metalization step. The film has a highly reflective material that provides the reflectivity necessary for automotive reflectors. It is thermoformed into the rough shape of the finished reflector and integrally molded with plastic material in a process described as insert molding.
Utilizing a coiled film stock further enhances the manufacturing method. The film stock is indexed using a sprocketed roller. The film is thermoformed into a pre-form while the sprockets retain the film perimeter. The thermoforming step simultaneously forms the film into a pre-form and trims and or severs the perimeter of the pre-form from the remainder of the film. The pre-form is removed from the film leaving blanks. The film surrounding the blanks constitutes the offal portion of the film and is taken up by a take-up spool.
The process eliminates the need for a frame to retain the film. The process also eliminates separately collecting the offal portion from the trimmed pre-form.
These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent when viewed in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers correspond to like components.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the thermoforming and trimming apparatus used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the thermoforming station illustrated in FIG. 1 taken along the lines 2—2.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a film loading station.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional exploded view of the injection mold apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3 taken along the lines 4—4.
FIG. 5 is the injection mold apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4 in the closed position.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the reflector.
The present invention will be described through a series of drawings, which illustrate the thermoforming and injection molding operation claimed. The drawings describe a thermoforming station that operates without the need of a separate frame; however, the design may also be used with a conventional thermoforming apparatus. The invention will also be described as a method of manufacturing a headlamp reflector, however other reflectors may also be manufactured using the same or similar process, technique and equipment, and are included within the invention described herein.
The following items are a word list of the items described in the drawings and are reproduced to aid in understanding the invention;
10 thermoforming and trimming apparatus
12, 14, 16 thermoforming stations
18 film roll
20, 22 sprocketed rollers
24 teeth
26 film
28, 30 sprocketed rollers
32 take-up spool
34 mold
36 closure member
38 reflective surface
40 backing material
42 vacuum line
44 positive pressure lines
46 knife edge
48 pre-form
50 offal portion
52 blank
54 perforated edge portion
56 loading machine
58 injection molding machine
60 core
62 cavity
64 concave surface
66 convex surface
68 gates
70 plastic material
72 reflector
Illustrated in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a thermoforming and trimming apparatus 10. The apparatus 10 utilizes a film having a highly reflective surface. The apparatus 10 comprises three thermoforming and trimming stations 12, 14 and 16. While the apparatus 10 is illustrated with three thermoforming stations, one station is sufficient. Multiple thermoforming stations reduced the cycle time and increase the throughput of the apparatus 10. The apparatus 10 receives a film roll 18. As will be described in more detail below, the film roll 18 includes a reflective surface and a backing material. The leading edge of the film roll 18 is fed between sprocketed rollers 20, 22. Teeth 24 on the rollers 20, 22 pierce the peripheral portion of a film 26. This first set of rollers 20, 22 serve to index the film 26 through the apparatus 10. At this initial juncture, the thermoforming stations 12, 14 and 16 are not operating. The film 26 is fed through a second series of sprocketed rollers 28, 30. The film 26 is retained tautly between the first set of rollers 20, 22 and the second set of rollers 28, 30. A take-up spool 32 serves to coil the film 26 after having passed through the thermoforming stations 12, 14 and 16.
The first set of rollers 20, 22 are heated and render the film 26 pliable. Other methods of heating the film 26 are also possible such as convection, radiant, dielectric or microwave heating. The pliable film 26 is indexed to thermoforming station 12. The thermoforming station 12 includes a mold 34 having a curved shape that corresponds to the desired concave surface of the finished reflector. The thermoforming station 12 is raised in the direction A until the mold 34 contacts the reflective surface of the film 26. The closure member 36 is moved in the downward direction B. The mold 34 and the closure member 36 meet as shown at thermoforming station 14.
Illustrated in FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the thermoforming station 14 taken along lines 2—2 in FIG. 1. The film 26 includes a reflective surface 38 and a backing material 40. The reflective surface 38 may be made integrally formed to be reflective, as an applied coating, or the surface may be a separate layer bonded to or deposited on the film 26. The reflective surface 38 may be made from a variety of materials including deposited metals such as aluminum, nickel, tin or chrome. It is also possible to coat the film 26 with a non-metallic coating and render it highly reflective—or to include these reflective materials within the film 26. The backing material 40 is made from a thermoplastic polymer that fuses to the molten plastic as will be described below. A large variety of films and materials may be used to produce the film 26 including those taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,446,055, 4,446,172, 4,385,804, and 4,906,084, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The thermoforming station 14 contacts the mold 34 with the pliable film 26. The film 26 is trapped between the thermoforming station 14 and the closure member 36. A vacuum is applied through vacuum lines 42 to draw the film 26 tightly against the mold 34. Optionally, positive pressure lines 44 apply a positive pressure within the closure member 36 to force the film 26 against the mold 34. A knife-edge 46 around the perimeter of the closure member 36 trims the film 26 into the desired shape.
The thermoforming stations 12, 14 and 16 are identical and rotate between the three positions illustrated. Multiple stations are used to reduce the cycle time and increase the throughput of the apparatus 10. The thermoforming station 14 transforms the film 26 into a pre-form 48 by thermoforming it into the desired shape and trimming the offal portion 50 as shown in FIG. 1. The pre-form 48 requires a period of residency on the mold 34. The thermoforming station 14 moves in the direction C at the same speed as the film 26. The thermoforming station 14 and the film 26 are indexed until they reach the thermoforming station 16. The thermoforming station 14 becomes the thermoforming station 16. The time required to index from thermoforming station 14 to thermoforming station 16 is sufficient to thermoform the pre-form 48 into its final shape. The closure member 36 is moved upwardly and the thermoforming station 16 is moved downwardly. The pre-form 48 remains on the mold 34 until an operator removes it. The thermoforming station 16 cycles in the direction D until it reaches the thermoforming station 12 again.
The trimming operation leaves a series of blanks 52 corresponding to the area of the pre-form 48. The offal portion 50 surrounds the blank 52. Because the perforated edge portion 54 is continuous, the offal portion 50 is coiled by the take-up spool 32.
The apparatus 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 does not require a frame to retain the film 26. The film 26 is retained tautly between rollers 20, 22 and 28, 30. The process of thermoforming and trimming the pre-form 48 operates continuously.
After the thermoforming step shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pre-forms 48 are stacked as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. A robotically controlled loading machine 56 transfers the pre-forms 48 into an injection molding machine 58. The construction and operation of the loading machine 56 is described in commonly assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/903,523, filed Jul. 30, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. The injection molding machine 58 includes a lower mold having a core 60 and an upper mold having a cavity 62. The pre-form 48 is formed to have a concave surface 64 and a convex surface 66. The concave surface 64 includes the reflective surface 38. The convex surface 66 includes the backing material 40. The pre-form 48 is placed within the injection molding machine 58 with the concave surface 64 juxtaposed the core 60. The injection molding machine 58 is moved to a closed position as illustrated in FIG. 5.
The pre-form 48 is sized to be snugly fit atop the core 60. It is preferable that there is little or no space between the pre-form 48 and the core 60. It may be desirable to form the pre-form 48 slightly smaller than the core 60 so that during the injection molding step, the pre-form 48 is stretched over the core 60. Molten plastic material 70 is injected through gates 68 and urges the pre-form 48 against the core 60. The molten plastic material 70 causes the backing material 40 to heat and soften. The softened backing material 40 fuses to the plastic material 70 to form the finished reflector 72 as illustrated in FIG. 6. The molten plastic material 70 is allowed to cool and the core 60 and cavity 62 are moved to an open position and the reflector 72 is removed.
While a wide variety of materials may be used for the molten plastic material, it is preferable to utilize a filled thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate. Filled polycarbonate is low cost and resistant to high temperatures. Common fillers for plastic resins include glass, talc, carbon, mica and wood. Unfortunately, it forms a coarse surface. The coarse surface does not produce a reflector of high quality. The coarse nature of the filled plastic material does not degrade the performance of the reflector because the film reflective surface retains its smooth appearance after the molding operation.
The invention has been illustrated as a method of manufacturing an automotive headlamp assembly. Other reflectors may be manufactured using the same process and equipment. The invention has also been described using an integrated thermoforming and trimming apparatus that does not require the use of a separate frame to retain the film. Traditional thermoforming devices may be utilized to manufacture the pre-form.
While the best modes for carrying out the invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention as defined by the following claims.
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I am deeply saddened by the news that Grantland Johnson died today.
My first introduction to state government and politics came from two former Sacramento County supervisors: Sandy Smoley and Grantland Johnson. At the time, I had no idea I would eventually end up at CSAC.
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Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) and Drupal Quiz
The Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) standard is an XML-based data interchange format for test questions. The standard has gone through several revisions, with the QTI 1p2 standard being the most widely implemented. This week, the Drupal Quiz team has begun adding QTI support to Drupal.
My current implementation takes a QTI XML file and extracts the questions. It then attempts to match the question types against existing Quiz question types. Data is imported into Drupal nodes, and the questions immediately show up for addition in new quizzes.
In parallel to my efforts, Sivaji has been developing the Questions Import module, which provides a standard module for importing data into Quiz. Now that I have a working version, we will try to integrate the two together (if Sivaji deems that practical). The result, I hope, will be an improve QTI XML importer.
Next Steps
Once this importer is complete, we will need Quiz users to test against their own QTI files. I have a very small set of QTI files to test, and the "interoperability" part is only good when we can test against multiple implementations. Visit http://drupal.org/project/quiz for more information.


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Title 246
Chapter 246-335
Section 246-335-050
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<< 246-335-050 >>
No agency filings affecting this section since 2003
Deemed status.
(1) A home health or hospice licensee that is certified by the federal medicare program, or accredited by the community health accreditation program, or the joint commission on accreditation of health care organizations is not subject to a state licensure survey when exempt under subsection (3) of this section or the department has granted deemed status under subsection (6) of this section.
(2) An in-home services licensee under contract with and monitored by the department of social and health services or AAA to provide home care services must notify the department when the contract is initiated. The licensee is not required to submit the information noted in subsection (4) of this section and is not subject to a state licensure survey when the department has granted deemed status under subsection (6) of this section.
(3) An agency certified by the federal medicare program is automatically granted deemed status for state licensure survey and is not required to submit the information noted in subsection (4) of this section.
(4) An agency accredited by the community health accreditation program or the joint commission on accreditation of health care organizations requesting deemed status, except as provided in subsection (5) of this section, must submit to the department:
(a) A written request to be considered for deemed status;
(b) Verification of accreditation; and
(c) A copy of the decisions and findings of the accrediting organization based on an on-site survey within the twenty-four month period preceding the request for deemed status.
(5) A licensee may not request deemed status for an initial license or the survey conducted during the initial licensure period.
(6) The department shall grant deemed status to an in-home services category when:
(a) The department determines, using a liberal interpretation, the survey standards used at the time of certification, accreditation, or monitoring are substantially equivalent to chapter
RCW; and
(b) The licensee meets the requirements of this chapter and otherwise qualifies for licensure.
(7) If the department determines that the survey standards are not substantially equivalent to those required by this chapter, the department will notify the affected licensees with:
(a) A detailed description of the deficiencies in the alternate survey process; and
(b) An explanation concerning the risk to the consumer.
(8) The department may conduct validation surveys of agencies with deemed status according to RCW
(9) The department retains authority to:
(a) Survey those in-home services categories not accredited, certified or monitored by the organizations specified in this section; and
(b) Investigate complaints against a deemed agency.
[Statutory Authority: Chapter
RCW. WSR 02-18-026, § 246-335-050, filed 8/23/02, effective 10/1/02.]


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E-Books, Shmee-Books: Readers Return to the Stores « INFOdocket
December 14, 2011 | 9:17 am
By Gary Price, Editor of InfoDocket.com
From The New York Times:
Facing economic gloom and competition from cheap e-readers, brick-and-mortar booksellers entered this holiday season with the humblest of expectations.
But the initial weeks of Christmas shopping, a boom time for the book business, have yielded surprisingly strong sales for many bookstores, which report that they have been lifted by an unusually vibrant selection; customers who seem undeterred by pricier titles; and new business from people who used to shop at Borders, the chain that went out of business this year.
Barnes & Noble, the nation's largest bookstore chain, said that comparable store sales this Thanksgiving weekend increased 10.9 percent from that period last year. The American Booksellers Association, a trade group for independents,
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Altamira 1.0
Weight : 16 lbs 0.95999999999998 oz
Issue : Apr 2012
Page : 88
Editorial Review
After an exciting three weeks of racing, Spain's Juan José Cobo wore the leader's red jersey into the 2011 Vuelta a España's finale in Madrid. To get there, the climber fought off desperate attacks by the British duo of Chris Froome and Bradley Wiggins. The race also marked an important milestone for Cobo's bike sponsor, Fuji—it was the 113-year-old, Philadelphia-based company's first Grand Tour win.
Cobo's bike of choice, the Altamira LTD, shares its frame with the Altamira 1.0, a capable road racer that will please cyclists more interested in long days in the saddle than in weaving through a tight peloton on a crit course. Fuji designed its FC-330 full-carbon fork to deliver stable steering—you can comfortably sit up to rummage in your pockets or turn to converse with your riding partners (or team director) without wandering off your line. While the frame felt solid under hard efforts, the bike is not the stiffest around, and it has a little noticeable flex in the bottom bracket—not that it slowed Cobo down.
On the road, the Altamira reacts the way you would expect from a Grand Tour winner: The frame feels unified and doesn't load when you're diving into sharp corners. It delivers a sense of the way the road feels without turning multihour rides into unpleasant exercises in self-flagellation. In fact, it's one of the more damped race bikes we've tested this year, a trait that many riders will appreciate. In building its dedicated race bike, Fuji chose an aggressive rider position, with a short head tube and long top tube. To make things easier on your back, you can opt for an up-angled stem.
To keep the bike's weight low, Fuji employed a new carbon molding process in the head tube and bottom bracket that uses plastic sheathing in conjunction with standard bladders to achieve higher fiber compaction. Most cyclists will never see the results, which are hidden inside the frame tubes, but Fuji road-category manager Steven Fairchild said the increased compaction lets the company carefully control the frame's internal shaping and achieve the ideal ratio of carbon fibers to the bonding agents. While all seven Altamira models share the same mold, only the 1.0 and Team editions use this internal process.
To help keep the bike's price from creeping higher, Fuji uses a mix of components, including parts from its Oval house brand, notably in the cockpit. Although you can buy lighter parts from name brands, we found that everything worked well—although a Shimano chain would shift better than the spec'd KMC model. A Rotor crank drives the chain, and it shifted well during our test period. The Oval 535 medium-depth alloy wheels felt slightly flexy from side to side when we were out of the saddle, but rolled well otherwise. Riders who frequently find themselves turning down dirt roads should swap the Hutchinson Atom Comp tires for something more durable.—Andrew J. Bernstein
BUY IT IF You want to ride a Grand Tour winner without the pretention
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COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Columbia CityŌĆÖs girls track team hosted, and fell, to Huntington North Thursday night.
The Lady Eagles dropped the meet 89-43, but Columbia City Head Coach Bob Fahl said there were several high-points on the night.
Carlee Hearld jumped a personal record, 5 feet, 6 inches, then went for the school record.
The current record, set by Indiana University graduate Ashley Rhoades approximately five years ago, is 5 feet, 7 inches.
Hearld attempted a leap of 5-7.5, but wasnŌĆÖt able to clear the bar.
Several other tracksters had personal records Thursday.
WABASH ŌĆö WhitkoŌĆÖs boys track team left the Three Rivers Conference meet as champions for the sixth year in a row Thursday night at Southwood.
The Wildcats edged second-place Rochester by five points, 117-112, to take home the title.
Whitko was led by a stellar performance from Connor Stouder, who tallied 30 points with three first-place finishes.
Stouder won the 100-, 200- and 400-meter dashes. He was also the last leg of the winning 1,600-meter relay team. Also on the 1,600 relay was Brady Herendeen Tyler Sherwin and Kuyler Bailey.
The IHSAA announced the sectional brackets for softball this morning.
Columbia City drew Carroll for their fist game in the Class 4A Sectional 5 at DeKalb.
Whitko will play Bellmont in the first round of Class 3A Sectional 23 at Norwell.
Churubusco has been paired up with Bishop Luers in the Class 2A Sectional 36 at Eastside.
Columbia City girls tennis player Celine Rongos signed to play for Huntington University next year.
Front row, from left: Renee Rongos (CelineŌĆÖs mother), Celine Rongos, Alexander Rongos (CelineŌĆÖs brother) and Paul Rongos (CelineŌĆÖs father).
NEW HAVEN ŌĆö Indian Springs Middle SchoolŌĆÖs girls track team won its third straight Northeast Hoosier Middle Level Conference Title.
ISMSŌĆÖs boys squad placed third behind Carroll and Maple Creek.
The event was held at New Haven Saturday, and both teams will travel to Plymouth to compete in the NLMSC conference meet.
New HavenŌĆÖs event had several teams, including DeKalb, Bellmont, Summit, East Noble, Woodside and Norwell, along with Carroll, Maple Creek, New Haven and ISMS.
LA GRANGE ŌĆö ChurubuscoŌĆÖs girls tennis team fell on the road to NECC foe Lakeland.
The Lady Lakers beat the Lady Eagles, 4-1 in varsity action and 4-1 in junior varsity action as well.
Picking up the win for the Lady Eagles at the varsity level was Kayleen Mitchell at No. 3 singles, defeating Amanda Miller 6-2, 7-5.
Losing in No. 1 and No. 2 singles, respectively, were ChurubuscoŌĆÖs Cheyenne Conner and Audrey Gierscher, who both lost in straight sets to Carlee Richardson and Audrey Stephens.
SOUTH WHITLEY ŌĆö WhitkoŌĆÖs baseball team lost its second game in a row to a Three Rivers Conference opponent Wednesday.
The Wildcats fell to visiting Wabash, 9-2. The Apaches have now won four in a row.
In the defeat, Whitko is now 15-7 for the season and 2-3 overall in conference play.
Wabash built up a 5-1 lead after three, then added two more in the fourth inning and two more in the sixth. Whitko got its second run in the bottom of the sixth frame.
Ethan Nicodemus was tagged with the loss for the Wildcats on the mound.
CHURUBUSCO ŌĆö It all came at once for ChurubuscoŌĆÖs softball team.
A big fifth inning for the Lady Eagles keyed them to victory Wednesday against Eastside. ŌĆśBusco won, 6-3.
The Lady Eagles scored all six of their runs of the contest in the fifth inning. After that, the game was 6-0 in their favor.
Eastside chipped away, scoring two in the sixth and one in the seventh, but it was not enough to take away the lead that Churubusco had built.
SOUTH WHITLEY ŌĆö Although not undefeated anymore, WhitkoŌĆÖs junior varsity softball team continues to roll through its schedule.
A double-header split with Columbia City Saturday tagged Whitko with its first loss, but the Lady Wildcats have earned two wins so far this week, scoring 29 runs in the process while only allowing two from their opponents.
SOUTH WHITLEY ŌĆö WhitkoŌĆÖs softball team scored its first win in Three Rivers Conference play for the 2013 season.
The Lady Wildcats shut out visiting Wabash 5-0 Wednesday. Whitko is now 4-14 on the year and 1-4 in the TRC.
Emily Weigold went the distance for Whitko from the circle, striking out eight Apache batters and only allowing four hits.
Whitko scored twice in the second inning, once in third, and twice in the fifth in the game.


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Olin Narrows First Quarter Outlook
11:10 PM MDT | March 22, 2009 | Lindsey Bewley
Olin says it has narrowed its first quarter 2009 earnings expectations to the upper range of its previously announced guidance due to higher than expected eletrochemical unit netbacks. Earnings are now expected to be about 60 cts-65 cts/ share, compared with prior guidance of 50 cts-65cts/share issued on January 28. "Our first quarter 2009 earnings guidance reflected a lack of visibility in demand in our chlor-alkali business," says Joseph D. Rupp, Olin's chairman, president and CEO. However, Olin has seen a continuation of weak demand...
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13 August, 2013
First version of this article was originally published on 21 September, 2012
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"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, "Arthur C. Clarke once wrote a long time ago.
In this Xenology article we take a look at who could be out there and what kind of advanced technology they
could possess.
"Soon, humanity may face an existential shock as the current list of a dozen Jupiter-sized extra-solar planets swells to hundreds of earth-sized planets,
almost identical twins of our celestial homeland.
This may usher in a new era in our relationship with the universe: we will never see the night sky in the same way ever again, realizing that scientists
may eventually compile an encyclopedia identifying the precise co-ordinates of perhaps hundreds of earth-like planets, "Dr. Michio Kaku said.
On these Earth-like planets there could be beings similar to us, or maybe totally different and perhaps even light years ahead of us when it comes to technology.
So, naturally we might wonder how advanced the physics of extraterrestrial civilizations could be.
Several scientists, among them Dr. Micho Kaku have debated how to classify extraterrestrial civilizations.
First version of this article was originally published on 21 September, 2012
MessageToEagle.com -
"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic, "Arthur C. Clarke once wrote a long time ago.
In this Xenology article we take a look at who could be out there and what kind of advanced technology they
could possess.
"Soon, humanity may face an existential shock as the current list of a dozen Jupiter-sized extra-solar planets swells to hundreds of earth-sized planets,
almost identical twins of our celestial homeland.
This may usher in a new era in our relationship with the universe: we will never see the night sky in the same way ever again, realizing that scientists
may eventually compile an encyclopedia identifying the precise co-ordinates of perhaps hundreds of earth-like planets, "Dr. Michio Kaku said.
On these Earth-like planets there could be beings similar to us, or maybe totally different and perhaps even light years ahead of us when it comes to technology.
So, naturally we might wonder how advanced the physics of extraterrestrial civilizations could be.
Several scientists, among them Dr. Micho Kaku have debated how to classify extraterrestrial civilizations.
What kind of technology could we expect to find on an alien planet?
"Although it is impossible to predict the precise features of such advanced civilizations, their broad outlines can be analyzed using the laws of physics.
No matter how many millions of years separate us from them, they still must obey the iron laws of physics, which are now advanced enough to explain everything
from sub-atomic particles to the large-scale structure of the universe, through a staggering 43 orders of magnitude, "Dr. Kaku said.
Specifically, we can rank civilizations by their energy consumption, using the following principles:
1) The laws of thermodynamics. Even an advanced civilization is bound by the laws of thermodynamics, especially the Second Law, and can hence be ranked by
the energy at their disposal.
2) The laws of stable matter. Baryonic matter (e.g. based on protons and neutrons) tends to clump into three large groupings: planets, stars and galaxies.
(This is a well-defined by product of stellar and galactic evolution, thermonuclear fusion, etc.) Thus, their energy will also be based on three distinct
types, and this places upper limits on their rate of energy consumption.
3) The laws of planetary evolution. Any advanced civilization must grow in energy consumption faster than the frequency of life-threatening catastrophes
(e.g. meteor impacts, ice ages, supernovas, etc.). If they grow any slower, they are doomed to extinction. This places mathematical lower limits on the
rate of growth of these civilizations.
He calculated that the energy consumption of these three types of civilization would be separated by a factor of many billions.
Berkeley astronomer Don Goldsmith reminds us that the earth receives about one billionth of the suns energy, and that humans utilize about one millionth of that.
So we consume about one million billionth of the suns total energy.
At present, our entire planetary energy production is about 10 billion billion ergs per second. But our energy growth is rising exponentially, and hence we
can calculate how long it will take to rise to Type II or III status.
Goldsmith says, "Look how far we have come in energy uses once we figured out how to manipulate energy, how to get fossil fuels really going, and how to
create electrical power from hydropower, and so forth; we've come up in energy uses in a remarkable amount in just a couple of centuries compared to billions
of years our planet has been here ... and this same sort of thing may apply to other civilizations."
Physicist Freeman Dyson of the Institute for Advanced Study estimates that, within 200 years or so, we should attain Type I status. In fact, growing at a
modest rate of 1% per year, Kardashev estimated that it would take only 3,200 years to reach Type II status, and 5,800 years to reach Type III status. Living in a Type I,II, or III civilization.
For example, a Type I civilization is a truly planetary one, which has mastered most forms of planetary energy. Their energy output may be on the order of
thousands to millions of times our current planetary output. Mark Twain once said, "Everyone complains about the weather, but no one does anything about it."
This may change with a Type I civilization, which has enough energy to modify the weather.
They also have enough energy to alter the course of earthquakes, volcanoes, and build cities on their oceans.
How "alien" are extraterrestrial worlds?
Currently, our energy output qualifies us for Type 0 status. We derive our energy not from harnessing global forces, but by burning dead
plants (e.g. oil and coal). But already, we can see the seeds of a Type I civilization.
We see the beginning of a planetary language (English), a planetary communication system (the Internet), a planetary economy
(the forging of the European Union), and even the beginnings of a planetary culture (via mass media, TV, rock music, and Hollywood films).
By definition, an advanced civilization must grow faster than the frequency of life-threatening catastrophes. Since large meteor and
comet impacts take place once every few thousand years, a Type I civilization must master space travel to deflect space debris within that
time frame, which should not be much of a problem. Ice ages may take place on a time scale of tens of thousands of years, so a Type I
civilization must learn to modify the weather within that time frame.
Artificial and internal catastrophes must also be negotiated. But the problem of global pollution is only a mortal threat for a Type 0
civilization; a Type I civilization has lived for several millennia as a planetary civilization, necessarily achieving ecological planetary
balance. Internal problems like wars do pose a serious recurring threat, but they have thousands of years in which to solve racial, national, and
sectarian conflicts.
Eventually, after several thousand years, a Type I civilization will exhaust the power of a planet, and will derive their energy by consuming the
entire output of their suns energy, or roughly a billion trillion trillion ergs per second.
With their energy output comparable to that of a small star, they should be visible from space. Dyson has proposed that a Type II civilization
may even build a gigantic sphere around their star to more efficiently utilize its total energy output. Even if they try to conceal their existence,
they must, by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, emit waste heat. From outer space, their planet may glow like a Christmas tree ornament. Dyson has even
proposed looking specifically for infrared emissions (rather than radio and TV) to identify these Type II civilizations.
Perhaps the only serious threat to a Type II civilization would be a nearby supernova explosion, whose sudden eruption could scorch their planet in a
withering blast of X-rays, killing all life forms. Thus, perhaps the most interesting civilization is a Type III civilization, for it is truly immortal.
They have exhausted the power of a single star, and have reached for other star systems. No natural catastrophe known to science is capable of destroying a
Type III civilization.
A supernova explosion could be a threat to a type II civilization.
Faced with a neighboring supernova, it would have several alternatives, such as altering the evolution of dying red giant star which is about to explode,
or leaving this particular star system and terraforming a nearby planetary system.
There are roadblocks to an emerging Type III civilization. Eventually, it bumps up against another iron law of physics, the theory of relativity.
Dyson estimates that this may delay the transition to a Type III civilization by perhaps millions of years.
But even with the light barrier, there are a number of ways of expanding at near-light velocities. For example, the ultimate measure of a rockets
capability is measured by something called "specific impulse" (defined as the product of the thrust and the duration, measured in units of seconds).
Chemical rockets can attain specific impulses of several hundred to several thousand seconds. Ion engines can attain specific impulses of tens of
thousands of seconds. But to attain near-light speed velocity, one has to achieve specific impulse of about 30 million seconds, which is far beyond our
current capability, but not that of a Type III civilization. A variety of propulsion systems would be available for sub-light speed probes
(such as ram-jet fusion engines, photonic engines, etc.)
"The luminosity of the sun-like stars changes very gradually, over millions of years. This is enough time to mount a massive technological
program to move outwards in the planetary system." -Frank Drake
Image Credit: AnimaTek Int.
In science fiction, the search for inhabitable worlds has been immortalized on TV by heroic captains boldly commanding a lone star ship, or as the
murderous Borg, a Type III civilization which absorbs lower Type II civilization (such as the Federation). However, the most mathematically efficient
method to explore space is far less glamorous: to send fleets of "Von Neumann probes" throughout the galaxy (named after John Von Neumann,
who established the mathematical laws of self-replicating systems).
A Von Neumann probe is a robot designed to reach distant star systems and create factories which will reproduce copies themselves by the thousands.
A dead moon rather than a planet makes the ideal destination for Von Neumann probes, since they can easily land and take off from these moons,
and also because these moons have no erosion.
These probes would live off the land, using naturally occurring deposits of iron, nickel, etc. to create the raw ingredients to build a robot
factory. They would create thousands of copies of themselves, which would then scatter and search for other star systems.
Von Neumann Probe: Hypothetical space probes capable of self-replication.
Similar to a virus colonizing a body many times its size, eventually there would be a sphere of trillions of Von Neumann probes expanding in all directions,
increasing at a fraction of the speed of light. In this fashion, even a galaxy 100,000 light years across may be completely analyzed within, say, a
half million years.
If a Von Neumann probe only finds evidence of primitive life (such as an unstable, savage Type 0 civilization) they might simply lie dormant on
the moon,
silently waiting for the Type 0 civilization to evolve into a stable Type I civilization. After waiting quietly for several millennia, they may
be activated when the emerging Type I civilization is advanced enough to set up a lunar colony. Physicist Paul Davies of the University of
Adelaide has even raised the possibility of a Von Neumann probe resting on our own moon, left over from a previous visitation in our system aeons ago.
(If this sounds a bit familiar, that's because it was the basis of the film, 2001. Originally, Stanley Kubrick began the film with a series of
scientists explaining how probes like these would be the most efficient method of exploring outer space. Unfortunately, at the last minute,
Kubrick cut the opening segment from his film, and these monoliths became almost mystical entities)
There is also the possibility that a Type II or Type III civilization might be able to reach the fabled Planck energy with their machines
(10^19 billion electron volts). This is energy is a quadrillion times larger than our most powerful atom smasher. This energy, as fantastic as
it may seem, is (by definition) within the range of a Type II or III civilization.
The Planck energy only occurs at the center of black holes and the instant of the Big Bang. But with recent advances in quantum gravity and
superstring theory, there is renewed interest among physicists about energies so vast that quantum effects rip apart the fabric of space and time.
Although it is by no means certain that quantum physics allows for stable wormholes, this raises the remote possibility that a sufficiently advanced
civilizations may be able to move via holes in space, like Alice's Looking Glass. And if these civilizations can successfully navigate through stable
wormholes, then attaining a specific impulse of a million seconds is no longer a problem. They merely take a short-cut through the galaxy.
This would greatly cut down the transition between a Type II and Type III civilization.
Extraterrestrial spacecraft could be using wormholes in space to travel long distances in a short.
All this makes us wonder whether there an inevitable end for intelligent life, no matter how advanced the particular civilization may become?
"Astronomer John Barrows of the University of Sussex writes, "Suppose that we extend the classification upwards. Members of these hypothetical civilizations of
Type IV, V, VI, ... and so on, would be able to manipulate the structures in the universe on larger and larger scales, encompassing groups of galaxies, clusters,
and superclusters of galaxies." Civilizations beyond Type III may have enough energy to escape our dying universe via holes in space," Dr. Kaku said.
See also:
Aliens Living On Methane Worlds
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- Capitol Quickies - http://blogs.app.com/capitolquickies -
Budget hearing today: Schools, local govt
Posted By Michael Symons On March 26, 2009 @ 9:30 am In Uncategorized | Comments Disabled
The Assembly Budget Committee is holding the second of its three public hearings to accept testimony on Gov. Jon Corzine's proposed budget. Today's topics are education, higher education and local government issues. The meeting's scheduled to begin at this hour; if you can't make it to Committee Room 11 but really wish you could, you can listen here [1].
Article printed from Capitol Quickies: http://blogs.app.com/capitolquickies
URL to article: http://blogs.app.com/capitolquickies/2009/03/26/budget-hearing-today-schools-local-govt/
URLs in this post:
[1] listen here: http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/media/live_audio.asp
Click here to print.
Copyright © 2008 Capitol Quickies. All rights reserved.


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News Summary: SEC official Walter will lead agency
(AP) - NEW SEC CHAIRMAN: President Barack Obama chose Elisse Walter, one of five members of the Securities and Exchange Commission, to head the agency. Chairman Mary Schapiro will leave next month after a tumultuous tenure in which she helped lead the government's regulatory response to the financial crisis.
BIG YEAR AHEAD: Walter will take over at a critical time for the SEC, which is finalizing new rules in response to the 2008 crisis. She likely will follow the path Schapiro set at the SEC, experts suggest.
NO APPROVAL NEEDED: Walter can serve through 2013 without Senate approval because she's already been confirmed to the SEC. Obama must nominate a permanent successor before Walter's term ends in December 2013.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Eating Out
Conneaut Lake / Meadville PA: Diners or Local Joints
Heading there for the weekend as a tourist. Have plans to go to Montana Chop House and ride the train, hit a winery or two and a few museums.
Looking for recommendations for a nice local diner or hotdog joint or anything unusual. Hank's Custard is already closed for the season.
Appreciate any tips.
Talk is closed, but that doesn't mean the conversations have to stop!
Check out this post for a more thorough explanation, and jump onto our Facebook page or our Twitter feed to keep the conversations going!


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Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez announced $474.5 million in grants to community colleges and universities around the country for the development and expansion of innovative training programs in partnership with local employers. The grants are part of the Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program, a multiyear, nearly $2 billion initiative to expand targeted training programs for unemployed workers, especially those impacted by foreign trade.
Texas will receive more than $5.2 million in grant funding to support skills training capacity building at community colleges and other public institutions across the state. San Jacinto Community College and North Central Texas College were among the award winners in this round of funding.


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481 Shouts - 1,905,836 Scrobbles
Wisp (Reid Dunn) comes from Niagara Falls, New York. He makes electronic music that spans many genres, from jungle and experimental drum n bass to ambient and downtempo electronica. Nostalgic computer games bear an influence on his music. He began releasing music for free in 2003, in the form of mp3s on netlabels, but has since been signed to Sublight Records, and more recently (2008) he signed with Rephlex. His free mp3 releases are, however, still available on The Wisp Archive.
Wisp on Last.fm.
User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License and may also be available under the GNU FDL.
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Ozzie Guillen is out as manager of the Marlins after just one season in Miami, in which the team went just 69-93, according to a report on MLB's website.
"After careful consideration following the disappointment of the 2012 season, we decided to dismiss Ozzie," president of baseball operations Larry Beinfest said. "Our managerial search begins immediately, and our hope is that a new manager, along with roster improvements, will restore a winning culture."
The Marlins had high expectations in 2012 after shelling out a combined $191 million in offseason free agent deals that landed them Jose Reyes, Mark Buehrle, and Heath Bell. At the end of May, Miami was 29-22 but went just 40-71 the rest of the way and were sellers at the trade deadline.
The 48-year-old Guillen is still owed $7.5 million over the next three years—the richest managerial deal in team history.


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16 U.S. Code § 460q - Establishment; boundaries; administration; integrated management policies
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In order to provide, in a manner coordinated with the other purposes of the Central Valley project, for the public outdoor recreation use and enjoyment of the Whiskeytown, Shasta, Clair Engle, and Lewiston reservoirs and surrounding lands in the State of California by present and future generations and the conservation of scenic, scientific, historic, and other values contributing to public enjoyment of such lands and waters, there is hereby established, subject to valid existing rights, the Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area in the State of California (hereinafter referred to as the "recreation area"). The boundaries of the recreation area, which consists of the Whiskeytown unit, the Shasta unit, and the Clair Engle-Lewiston unit, shall be those shown in drawing numbered BOR–WST 1004, dated July 1963, entitled "Proposed Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area", which is on file and available for public inspection in the office of the Director of the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, Department of the Interior. The Whiskeytown unit shall be administered by the Secretary of the Interior; and the Shasta and Clair Engle-Lewiston units shall be administered by the Secretary of Agriculture, except that lands or waters needed or used for the operation of the Central Valley project shall continue to be administered by the Secretary of the Interior to the extent he determines to be required for such operation. The two Secretaries shall coordinate their planning and administration of the respective units in such manner as to provide integrated management policies for the recreation area as a whole for the purposes of this subchapter in order to bring about uniformity to the fullest extent feasible in the administration and use of the recreation area.
Source(Pub. L. 89–336, § 1,Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1295.)
Change of Name
Pub. L. 105–44, § 1,Sept. 30, 1997, 111 Stat. 1141, provided that:
"(a) Designation.—The reservoir created by Trinity Dam in the Central Valley project, California, and designated as 'Clair Engle Lake' by Public Law 88–662 (78 Stat. 1093) is hereby redesignated as 'Trinity Lake'.
"(b) References.—Any reference in any law, regulation, document, record, map, or other paper of the United States to the reservoir referred to in subsection (a) shall be considered to be a reference to 'Trinity Lake'.
"(c) Repeal of Earlier Designation.—Public Law 88–662 (78 Stat. 1093) is repealed."
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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3:50 pm
Thu August 23, 2012
KCRW Presents: Alt-J
By Staff
Originally published on Wed August 27, 2014 10:43 am
Watching the English band alt-J perform in KCRW's studios, it was clear we were witnessing an artist on the rise. It was the group's U.S. radio debut, the morning after a sold-out show, and alt-J's members were clearly confident. As the catchy potential pop hit "Breezeblocks" demonstrates, the band draws from a wide and unpredictable range of influences. An Awesome Wave is out now.
Watch alt-J's full session on Morning Becomes Eclectic.
Copyright 2014 KCRW-FM. To see more, visit http://www.kcrw.com.


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Mon April 1, 2013
Police want to use electronic testimony to obtain warrants
Police in Illinois could see a key step in obtaining search warrants become quicker. Lawmakers are considering a plan that would allow police to lay out evidence before a judge using an Internet chat session, as long as it has video and audio. Cook County Assistant State's Attorney John Carroll says it's not always easy to find a judge to approve a warrant.
"The judge, perhaps, is Downstate, out of town, but he's still a judge in, let's say, Cook County. The officer would be able to call on this audio/video and answer any questions that the judge may have," Carroll says.
Under current law, Illinois judges can only accept electronic testimony for terrorism-related offenses. Otherwise it has to be in writing or in person.


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1 Vintage B&L Ray-Ban 62mm Ambermatic aviator sunglasses are the classic, with double aviator nose bridge and 62mm teardrop shaped aviator lenses using the famous Bausch & Lomb Ambermatic photochromatic optics. In the 1950s and 1960s, more and more pilots, aviators, sailors, and hunters discovered Ray-Ban Ambermatic sunglasses. They could offer a greater contrast between clouds and sky and made it easier to see objects while at the same time progressively blocking the light and providing 100% UV protection. Ray-Ban Ambermatic sunglasses have been called "smart sunglasses" given how they adjust to the prevailing light conditions at the time. On overcast and rainy days, Ray-Ban Ambermatic sunglasses have a light amber tint to cut through haze and sharpen vision. On warm and sunny days, they turn progressively more brown to block the glare. On cold and sunny days, the Ray-Ban Ambermatic aviator sunglasses and shooters change to dark gray for better protection from direct and reflected glare. On cloudy days, Ambermatic sunglasses change to a lighter brown. Following on the success of Ambermatic sunglasses, B&L Ray-Ban subsequently introduced the Changeables line of photochromatic sunglasses and shooters which offered very similar properties but in which the density color change was even more dramatic than in the Ambermatics.The Arista gold plated frame measures approximately 5.5" temple to temple with 62mm aviator lenses that measure 2.375" x 2.0" at the widest points. Both Ambermatic lenses are laser etched BL near the hinges indicating early B&L production c late 1960s - 1970s, and the top of the nose bridge is marked B&L Ray-Ban USA while the bottom of the bridge is marked B&L Ray-Ban 62 [] 14, all impressed in the gold plating.
Item VS313-1 / Price: $285.00
2 Identical vintage B&L Ray-Ban 62mm Ambermatic aviator sunglasses with regular paddle ear stems, identically marked on the frame but with Ambermatic lenses both laser etched BL near the hinges and the right lens laser etched Ray-Ban c mid 1980s.
Item VS313-2 / Price: $285.00
3 Step up another level beyond our already unequaled vintage condition standards with new old stock B&L Ray-Ban 62mm Ambermatic aviator sunglasses in mint, unworn condition. The top of the nose bridge is marked B&L Ray-Ban USA, the bottom of the bridge is marked B&L Ray-Ban 62 [] 14, and both lenses are laser etched BL.
Item VS313-3 / Price: SOLD
4 In another variation of marking conventions, Europeans may like to have early vintage B&L Ray-Ban 62mm Ambermatic aviator sunglasses produced for the European market. They are identical in size and appearance to those pictured below but are marked B&L Ray-Ban USA Lic. impressed in the gold plating, and both lenses are laser etched BL near the hinges facing horizontal as was the European convention. Rare.
Item VS313-4 / Price: $285.00
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I use USB loader GX for usb loading games to backup all my original copies of my games.
For you since you want to use your original disk, you'd probably have to use your computer and RIP the files with a program, then burn the image with IMGBurn to your backup copy disk. This might work for you, wait for other replies to see your options though.
Good luck.


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Muslim Women
Maintaining our religious identities within an American context
Monthly Archive for May, 2012
Choosing the president
I am watching the presidential elections in Egypt, I am going to say it again, the PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS IN EGYPT, WOW, for the first time in many many years the Egyptians earned their right to choose their president, may be for the first time in the country's modern history. The presence of women is unprecedented, […] [Read More]
What my Grad School Advisor Taught me about Muslim Women
Salaam and peace, all – When I was in high school, I was called a "bleeding heart liberal" by my AP History teacher (I didn't even know what this meant back then). In college, I was called a "feminist" by my psychology professor. In graduate school, I was considered "submissive" by my International Health advisor. […] [Read More]
Raising money for emergency supplies
Support a local fundraiser by people of different faiths to help people of all faith anywhere on earth who have been affected by natural disaster. Stop by the Presbyterian-New England Congregational Church, 24 Circular St., Saratoga Springs, between 5 and 7 p.m. on Sunday, May 20, and enjoy an ethnic dinner. Proceeds will benefit ShelterBox […] [Read More]
Eating in the days of hunger
I write this as an apology to the Palestinian prisoners who were on hunger strike and I could not support them. Though I followed the strike on the news and was so proud of the detainees and their families who supported them by going on strike as well, I could not do it. It takes […] [Read More]
Aya Medani: Egyptian International Champion in Hijab
The young Egyptian athlete Aya Medani is getting ready to participate in the Olympics as the first Hijabi in the Egyptian National team of Pentathlon. Medani will represent Egypt in the coming Olympics, she symbolizes many firsts: the first Egyptian Penta athlete woman in the Olympics, and the first young women to wear hijab in […] [Read More]
Islam is Rising
The more the media presents Islam in a negative image, more Americans are interested to read about it and find out more about its reality. These were my concluding remarks from Egyptian TV interview with the renowned American Sheik: Yusuf Estes. Estes is currently in Egypt giving lectures and panels that are heavily attended and […] [Read More]
Reverence of Mothers in Islam
Salaam and peace, all – For the past few years, I've written about my mother on Mother's Day. While I could write a book about her, I'll mention just a few points about motherhood from the Qur'aan and sunnah/traditions of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). Did you know? The word for the womb in Arabic (rahm) has […] [Read More]
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
A widely read poem by William Wordsworth " I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud", I always include it in my poetry 1 and Introduction to literature courses for its esthetic and poetic value. On the personal level it is one of my favorites, merely for its imagery. As a romantic poem it fires the imagination […] [Read More]
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text:
Miles Addison Pepper
Ravens Bill Downspouts
Beacon Hill Branch, Seattle Public Library
2821 Beacon Ave. S.
Libraries for All Bond 1% for Art
Miles Addison Pepper designed rain scuppers for the west side of the library that collect rainwater from the lower roof. When full, they dramatically release the water into landscaped areas below and act as a natural and sustainable irrigation system. Designed to look like oversized ravens' bills, the scuppers add a whimsical touch to a utilitarian building element.