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Agreed. It's shameless promotion and a waste of tax dollars. Still I can't take seriously criticism from any Democratic candidate, office holder or supporter. They are the party of spend, gaping generational deficits and a Senate that hasn't passed a budget in 3 years.
Granholm no more changed her mind than did Obama. It would have been a breath of fresh air if either of these scoundrels were to share an honest opinion rather than lie for political expediency - even if I disagree (and I do).
Really? You've done a study on the decomposition of every drug through incineration? You no more know that that you do the impact of flushing. But here's the likely truth for even the most phobic, neither burning nor flushing are likely to have any health impact, unless in the case of your suggestion you're standing downwind. In that case you may have just created your own meth house (albeit outside).
As a former and near life long Comstock resident, the 68% can be attributed only to broadened guidelines. I can tell you that in no way were 2 out of every 3 kids that dropped by my home too poor to buy their own lunches. And please don't slather me with condescension and tell me I lived in privileged naivety and only saw the one third that could pay.
Go Broncs! Still you have to wonder about a sport the is little more than their foreign nationals against our foreign nationals (UI 3 of 7, WMU 5 of 7). When public schools constantly cry about underfunding you have to ask yourself if American universities should be subsidizing a sport that needs no subsidizing. Very few college players make it to the pro ranks nor really much of pro anything.
Melissa is this your poll?:
Do you support a compromise on Michigan's smoking ban?
Yes, if the establishment pays extra for a smoking permit
Yes, smoking should be allowed for outdoor bar/restaurant patios
Absolutely not - second-hand smoke endangers others'
If so, how about one more answer option? YES.
Better still ask "Do you support a repeal of the ban?" YES or No.
The poll as written makes clear that the poller accepts the premise that second hand smoke is a killer that needs to be regulated (though strangely not in casinos).
The health impact of second hand smoke is second hand science - a mere statistical manipulation that says given x more exposure to smoke results in y more cancer. The fact is you can't even prove this in lab animals, no less humans. And were it provably true, the State is saying it's ok to kill casino workers and patrons, because for the State the bigger issue is casino revenue. So like all things in government, rather than lead by example it makes up rules for other people to ease its conscience and nothing more.
Re: "And they're also likely to shift more jobs into countries with rapidly improving educational systems."
Says who? Gardner? You, Rick? Cite your basis for this unproven mantra I've heard my entire life. There's another simpler explanation for moving jobs off shore. The Congress's punitive and highest tax code in the world. That and a President who is openly hostile to business.
I love trees and hate pavement BUT "Those trees are irreplaceable, and our lives depend on them"? Trees by definition are replaceable and renewable. An entire logging industry depends on that. Our lives DEPEND on them? Not. While certainly a big CO2 fixer they are only a part of the equation. You're overlooking one very significant cycle component, that as any elementary student can tell you covers 2/3 of Earth. The OCEAN.
"He has real-life experiences that people can relate to," said Tom Post...
FAILED organic farm
FAILED wind & solar
If you're looking for those real-life experiences, Mike's the Man.
How do you buy off a multi-millionaire? I'd rather have a candidate in office that doesn't need my money, rather than one looking for his next nickel. Isn't it curious that congressional members can enter their office broke and retire loaded. Fred came from money. Unlike, say, Al Gore Sr. whose rise in Congress was so great that he left a pile of dough for Al Jr. In short I'd rather have a candidate buying his way in, than being bought.
So what's the per mile per biker math on $2M? With very little effort I'm betting about a thou. As to the funds, typically it comes out of gas taxes, with the notion you need to get out of your car and ride -- just another PC chiding. I like bike paths, even bike, but like subsidies for "green" cars, the very people who want them are in the best position to write the check. This yet another example of subsides for the UN subsidy needed.
What are you, Tim, 12? It's hard to believe that even the Gazette would print something so whiny. All it's missing is a "na na boo boo". Grow up. And learn that the purpose of business isn't a revenue stream for your juvenile view of Utopia. And if it is, send some dough of whatever's left of a dying Gazette my way.
Nowhere in this article can I discern whether or not any of the staff at charter schools reap the retirement benefits from MPSERS. If they do, fair enough. If they don't, why the hell should they pay for someone else's retirement? And if they should, send some my way. And because Julie ALWAYS comes down on the side of the MEA (and has never seen a tax she disagrees with), AND the tone is Tonya friendly, I'm betting charter staff would have to pay for, well, nothing.
"The anti-labor folks, read the Republicans..."
Republicans are NOT anti labor, they are anti-union stranglehold. Do NOT make labor and union synonymous. We all work/labor. Even Republicans. So tell me how would anyone break up sweetheart deals written nearly universally by Democrats without the ability to renegotiate? And btw if font size is a deal breaker, I'd say that in comparison to eyeballing hanging chads, that is remarkably clear-cut. I've yet to hear similar charges of nitpicking leveled at Democrats. So it's about time that Republicans showed up to a gunfight with a gun, not a knife.
Very sad. But in light of the pending helmet law, the event begs the question: Was Justin wearing a helmet? And, were there estimated speeds for the vehicles?
Near as I can tell Zimmerman never identified himself as "white hispanic". The press did. That reeks of agenda.
You can't be serious. No child - black, white or whatever - can be gunned down anywhere in America without prosecution. You're living in a time warp. And btw Florida is more northern than southern. Been there lately? It's swamped with "snow birds" all from the north.
Not likely. Charge or no charge white on white garners no national attention. Nor black on white. Only white on black. And here it's quite interesting that a Hispanic with black relatives somehow gets called "white Hispanic". Filled out any forms lately that ask for ethnicity? That one is nowhere to be found.
"No one seemed to care — and that is why you have protests springing up around the country and here in our own community. "
Only the Gazette believes this. Without the infusion of race, this story doesn't make it out its backyard (Florida). Were the Gazette's assertion correct, the more than 10,000 annual murders would blanket their paper. I regret any death. But please, don't use this for sanctimonious preaching.


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More than 60 percent of University students graduated with debt in 2010. The average student left with more than $27,000 in student loan debt. But some students are able to earn the cost of tuition and living expenses by balancing school work with full-time jobs.
Read more
Escalating costs are making higher education inaccessible, and it is time to resolve the issue, University of Michigan President Mary Sue Coleman wrote in an open letter to President Barack Obama.
A protest by a group calling itself Occupy U-M is gathering at the University of Michigan's Board of Regents meeting to protest escalating tuition rates.
A Cal State L.A. student had sought a preliminary injunction to block the 9% increase for next fall, arguing that the system's trustees violated public meeting laws during a session disrupted by protesters.
Students from households earning $80,000 to $140,000 will be eligible for a new aid program at UC Berkeley, funded by philanthropy and tuition from an influx of out-of-state students.
Texas students planning on attending a state university next year should get ready to dig deeper into their pockets for that education.
Still in discussions phase, no definite proposal; next year's hike likely to be more than this year's 2.4 percent
Iowans attending the state's public universities will see a 3.75 percent tuition hike next fall.
Attention Nevada college students: Your tuition is going up again next year.
Gora: Package could cut tuition costs by $6,000

subset: commoncrawl


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|Avg. Dinner Entrée
|Greater than $25
|$18.01 - $25
|$12.01 - $18
|$7.01 - $12
|Less than $7
Posted by Stephanie on 01/24/2008
I really enjoy Del Frisco's. They really try to accommodate guests. I go there often, but for special occasions, I always request a quiet table, and then they put me in the upstairs area. The steak is great, and they do it exactly as you request. Once it was a bit overdone, and they brought out an entirely new one, and my husband had the one they brought out earlier. As I said, they really strive to please. The bread was a disappointment, because it's like a cheap white bread with sesame seeds, though it is served hot. I love their chilean seabass, which is a huge cut and the best I've had in the city. And their crabcake is not great at all. Just a bunch of pieces of lump crabmeat squished together to form a cake. Small and expensive. Chocolate layer cake and lemon layer cakes are delicious. I love their lobster tails as well, which are gigantic but expensive. Active bar scene as well, at the entrance to the restaurant. It's mainly a business/after work type of establishment. Probably better steakhouses in the city, in the area, no less, but good for tourists who want good food.
Posted by Dissatisfied Customer on 01/22/2008
I had heard good things about Del Frisco so decided to give it a try for a special occasion. Was seated 40 minutes late, and it wasn't even the weekend. The host and hostess had a huge attitude when I asked how long it would be, so the dinner definitely started on a poor note. The appetizers were okay - the crabcakes were amazing but other than that, nothing to rave about. Steaks were very good but sides were awful - creamed spinach was soggy, so was mac and cheese, and mashed potatoes were basically too peppery to eat. There are many options that are much better, especially for the money. I will not be going back.
Posted by TXHoneymooner on 12/31/2007
My husband and I ate here after Wicked while in New York for our honeymoon. We had the Prime Rib, 8 oz. Filet Mignon, Potato Au Gratin, and Cheesecake along with a couple of glasses of Shiraz. My husband, an avid Texas steak-eater really enjoyed his Prime Rib and my Filet was to die for. I can't say enough about the Potato Au Gratin, though! It was absolutely amazing and was more than enough to share; served in a large dish with bubbly browned cheese on top. It could have been heaven on earth! The cheesecake was great, too. We really enjoyed the atmosphere, with a great view of Radio City Music Hall, Rockefeller Center, and some beautiful Christmas lights. The interior is decorated fabulously - very elegant! The service was also great - very accommodating to our late arrival for our reservation and very kind. We will definitely return to Del Frisco's!
Posted by Disappointed on 12/27/2007
On 24 December 2007 my wife and I had dinner reservations and arrived on time. We were pleasantly received and shown to our table. We ordered the crab cake appetizer which was mediocre and basically substandard and mushy. We also ordered the salad wedge with Blue Cheese dressing. This too could be improved upon. We both ordered the 10 oz. carpet bagger Delmonico steaks which come with mash. The steak was the size of a large cookie was just adequate and certainly over priced for what you get. They were overly generous on the serving of mash which was fine. One good aspect of the place was our server was very pleasant and efficient. My wife and I are both professionals working and living in Midtown and As New Yorkers we will not be going back to Del Frisco's Double Eagle Steak House and we will not recommend it to others. We feel the restaurant relies on past successes and have given up quality of product. In closing there was nothing special about Del Frisco's and one would do just as well in going to any production house restaurant. New York City has many, many fine steak restaurants and this is not one of them.
Posted by Rachel on 12/07/2007
NOTHING compares to a Del Frisco's filet followed by the lemon iced cake from heaven. Throw in fabulous crab cakes and onion rings and you have a meal from heaven. The service is always pleasant and unobtrusive, no matter the crowd. A truly delightful dining experience. Easily the best overall dinner in New York.
Posted by Bill on 10/29/2007
After reading so many favorable reviews about this place, I decided to give it try because I enjoy steakhouses. I made dinner reservations and the first thing I noticed while strolling into the restaurant was the lighting or lack there of. It was very dark walking around this restaurant in the evening hours and the lack of sunlight outside didn't help much even if you decided to sit upstairs with a view. The menu was easy to read with large fonts to compensate for the poor lighting. I ordered the rib eye steak and my wife ordered the filet mignon. Both steaks were cooked close to our request but it was tough to tell due to the lack of lighting. The server had to use a mini flashlight for us to view our steaks just to make sure it was cooked properly. My steak tasted fine and so did my wife's steak. However, the issue I have was the rushed and spotty service. Before I had a chance to finish my side order of angel hair pasta, the waitress decide clear off our table without asking if we were done with our meals. My poor wife was in the bathroom at this time and she still had some steak left on her plate and wanted to doggy bag the pasta but didn't get the chance. This was rather rude and inconsiderate of the waitress. Also, the waitress failed to provide our table with water even though we requested several times. To make matters worse, our check was presented in the middle of our desserts which made me feel more rushed. Even before we finished our desserts, the waitress asked if I was ready to pay which really spoiled my evening because it was quite apparent that I was not done and still eating. I politely told the waitress that I would pay once I'm done eating and she claimed that she thought I was in a hurry. If I was the one in a hurry then I would have mentioned it but never once did I indicate that to my waitress. Once I was ready to pay, I placed my credit card into the slot and asked the waitress to take my check. However, she proceeded to wait on other tables and ignored me until I flagged down another waitress to take the check. So, what turned out to be a fine meal was ruined by this waitress who did not understand the basics about waiting tables.
Posted by Terri K on 10/23/2007
ok im not the type of person to go out of my way to write a review but this place is awesome! They remembered my friends birthday and i breifly mentioned it. They made sure i got the wondow seat i wanted and everything. The food is amazing, tho the martinis are a bit pricey ( 14$ ) but hey, no big deal. The chocolate mouse is out out of this world! You must must eat here when visit. you cant beat the views. I can only imagine how nice it is around the Holidays. This is my new fav place to eat. Both times were perfect.


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My wife and I are from the US and in Anglet for a week in mid October for business. We looked on Trip Advisor and found good reviews for La Come Di. Once we got there, we found a small unassuming little place and almost didn't go in. We ordered the Mozzarella pizza and love it. It had a thin... read more
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Hey all well let me start off with I have a wii d2c chip set firmware 3.2u
I just got my d2ckey and clip put it in my wii and tried to load one of my backups. And nothing won't read a thing. I made sure it was seated good and all the points on the clip were touching and they were. So I got my friends wii he has chip set dms put on the clip and tried it and all my backups worked great I almost searched everywhere and cant find anything.
I think the firmware is blocking something so does anyone have any info on this that can help me out thanks.
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No you got it right if what you say is true then something is very wrong here cause my friends chip set was dms and i tried 10 game backups on it and they all booted up with no problem. i guess i have more info to read up on thanks.
whats ur wii serial number? maybe you have the new d2c2 board and need the d2pro9 rev2
Yeah but I don't get it....How can a D2Ckey work on a DMS wii
yea i don't get it either look at the pic i posted thats the d2ckey and clip that was installed it's only suppose to work with d2c chip set but it booted and played backup when i put the chip on a dms chip set very weird my serial number is lu5678**** my chip set has d2c on it.
Last edited by labontecar43; 06-07-2008 at 07:32 AM.
post a pic of the d2ckey working(leds) with dms drive.....
I thinking........You don't want to know what...lol
Wiihacks Super Mod / Admin
i wish i could but my friend lives 3 hours away and was only up for the weekend but after some searching around i found only one forum that stated that my serial number was unmodable and was a d2c2 chip set still trying to find threads about it.
Last edited by labontecar43; 06-07-2008 at 07:30 AM.
modderman it seems form your thread here below im going to need a D2Pro9 v2 is that right and thanks for all your help everyone.


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Interested in Malaga?
We'll send you updates with the latest deals, reviews and articles for Malaga each week.
Topics include Dining Scene, Spain: For Foreign Visitors & more!
Malaga Left Luggage Facility
There is a left luggage facility (consigna in Spanish) at Vialia (Maria Zambrano Station) which is open from 7am until 11pm.
The left luggage facility is located on the left side, as one enters the main door of Vialia. It is beside the entrance from the Calle Heroe de Sostoa entrance.
Look at this map:
Look at Page 3, magnify to 100%. Look for No. 62 (Consigna).
1. All bags including handbags need to go through the security scanner.
2.Choose which size of a locker (facility price is not per bag but per locker ie. small, medium, large or golf bag sized locker.
3.It's all self service so choose your locker size...you could probably get 2 medium suitcases in a Medium locker which costs €3.60 or in the Grande / Big locker which cost €5.20 (there is a change machine) per 24 hours or part of. ie: 1 hour over the 24 means a 10€ bill. There is an attendant to assist if required. The golf bag size costs €10.20.
4. Please note. Once you put your bags in a locker, close the door until it locks. Activate the "Pay Now Function" with the number of the locker displayed in the top right hand corner of the panel (Puerta 3 ie. Door 3 in whatever section ). Take a note of the number of the locker and go to one of the key in number panels...you can select English for the instructions.
You must not let anyone else put money (5 euros) in at this point or they will get the ticket for your locker. Only when the locker locks can you put money in through the slot. The door will open again if you do not pay or get it wrong!
5. Once you put in the amount then take the ticket from above the panel. Do not lose it.
6. Once you come back punch the number into the key panel and the locker will open. The whole process is probably easier with two people.
7. If the panels don't work the bay of lockers (probably closest to the entrance are full. Press the 2nd button down on the left to get the English instructions including the 'full' message.
This procedure has been contributed by Chareybrownni.


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Reach tens of thousands of people instantly by advertising with Ekklesia. Find out more
A US Army veteran of the Iraqi War will lead a student-initiated remembrance at the pacifist Eastern Mennonite University on 12 November 2012.
It is grimly ironic, says Savi Hensman, that on Armistice Day UK news headlines included the announcement of a new benefits system which punishes the 'workshy' and a report showing inadequate care for many elderly NHS patients undergoing surgery.
Veterans in both the US and UK are more likely to serve prison sentences for violent and sexual offences than those in the civilian population.
US police have staged preemptive armed raids targeting protesters and alternative media around the Republican National Convention - including thousands of people demonstrating about war world poverty throughout the week.
War is hellish and so are its consequences, says Andrew Weaver. As the next anniversary of the Iraq war looms, the pastoral and psychological needs of veterans must not be forgotten.


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March 14, 2013
Special Photo: Warner Bros. Steve Carell plays Burt Wonderstone and Olivia Wilde plays Jane in "The Incredible Burt Wonderstone."
Stories this photo appears in:
FILM FANS: 'Burt Wonderstone' lacks movie magic
Local residents reviewed "The Incredible Burt Wonderstone," the movie of the week.
MOVIE REVIEW: Carell not believable in 'The Incredible Burt Wonderstone'
This blunder is all the more shocking considering the director did it with one of the funniest, most talented and likeable actors imaginable.
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Banana Bread French Toasts are a real treat for a special weekend breakfast. It combines banana bread, french toast, and coconut. The coconut goes amazingly well with the banana bread. It is a real winner!
I found this recipe from The King Arthur Flour Baker's Companion – The All Purpose Baking Cookbook. The recipe called for eggnog which I am not a fan of and so I substituted it with half-and-half. Instead of sweetened shredded coconut, I use unsweetened coconut as the banana bread itself was already pretty sweet. Here is my adaption of the recipe.
- 2 large eggs
- ½ cup (120ml) half-and-half or milk
- ¼ sp ground nutmeg
- 4 oz (110g) unsweetened dessicated coconut
- 2 tbsp butter
- 8 slices banana bread
- Maple syrup (optional)
- In a bowl, whisk together eggs, half-and-half, and nutmeg until smooth. Pour mixture into a shallow pan.
- Place slices of banana bread into the egg mixture. Allow the bread to soak up egg mixture for 30 seconds. Turn and do the same for the other side.
- Place grated coconut on a plate. Remove soaked bread from pan, place onto dessicated coconut. Turn and coat the other side.
- Heat butter in a large non-stick pan on medium heat. Transfer bread to pan and cook for about 2 to 3 minutes on each side.
- Serve immediately with maple syrup, if desired.
NOTE: This post was updated on December 27th, 2012 with new pictures. No changes were made to the write-up or recipe.
Enjoy…..and have a wonderful day! 😎


text: Hallmark Homes R165032-2 Ranch DescriptionR165032-2 is a 1650 square foot Ranch Design from Hallmark Homes. This neatly designed home offers 3 bedrooms and 2 baths and measures 27'6" X 60'0". This very practical home makes the most of living space, offers nice privacy options, and features some interesting architectural touches. The floor plan flows graciously from living room to, dining room to family room by use of an interesting angled wall. No space is wasted on hallway in this part of the design. The spacious kitchen, featuring cupboards on 4 walls is tucked off to the left of the dining room with the laundry room attached. The laundry room features an exterior exit as well as access to the shared bath, making it handy for kids and gardeners to come straight in and clean up without tracking dirt into the rest of the house. Just off the living room, to the right is the master bedroom suite featuring a spacious bath with garden tub, separate shower, two sinks and a spacious walk-in closet. Just off the living room to the left is a short hallway that provides access to the staircase leading to the two car garage, the shared bath, a linen closet and the two smaller bedrooms. Each of these bedrooms has a nice sized closet. This is a nice, spacious, practical home for a family with little ones.


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West Volusia Beacon
110 W. New York Ave.
DeLand, FL 32720
110 W. New York Ave.
DeLand, FL 32720
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Bernice | posted Mar 5, 2013 - 8:02:44am
Sounds like a typical night a Shotz to me. Go read the archived police logs, see how many times the cops have been there. Drug bust, fights, gun shots in parking lot but, you never read about it in the paper & the council never addresses an obvious problem. Why, who at Shotz has the "juice" to keep these things quiet.
Better yet, go to www.debarypop.com and read some of the archived editorials about this place
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In Photoshop Elements 9 Essential Training, Jan Kabili highlights the key features of this comprehensive image organization and photo enhancement application. She shows how to correct and enhance photographs, and how to organize a growing collection of digital photos. The course also explains how to use photos in creative projects like photo books, calendars, and greeting cards, and how to share work online and in print. Exercise files accompany the course.
Another way to view the photos in an Organizer catalog is by the date on which the photos were taken or the date on which other media files were captured and that can be done in Date View. I am going to switch to Date View by going up to the Display menu in the Organizer and choosing Date View. This shows me a monthly calendar and each day in a particular month on which I took a photo or capture another kind of media file, I see a thumbnail of one of the files that I captured on that day. If I move my mouse over that day and wait for a minute, I get a tooltip that tells me how many photos I took on that particular day.
I can move between months by clicking the Forward arrow at the top of the Calendar or the Backward arrow or I can go to a particular month by clicking on the Month and here I see a list of all the months in which I took photos that are in this catalog. Each of those months has one of these little flower icons to the left. So if I want to see all of the photos that I took in August of 2010, I will click on August here and that changes the calendar to August of this year. If I want to see August of a different year, I can click on the year at the top of the calendar and choose from among these years marked with an icon in which I took photos that are in this catalog.
I will leave that at 2010 for now. Now, if I do hover over one of the days that has a photo on it and I see that it has more than one photo, I can view all of the photos by clicking on that day and that loads this column on the right with the photos that I took on that day. I can cycle through those photos by clicking the Forward arrow or the Backward arrow or I can start a little slideshow play by clicking the Play button here. I can stop that by clicking the Pause button.
Here is a place for daily notes. Sometimes I'll use this to note the lighting conditions when I was shooting that day, so I might say bright sunlight, backlit photos. There is also an icon here that allows me to add an event to a day. So if I click on that icon, I get a dialog box where I can name whatever event happened that day. This was a day of the Summer party, it's not a Repeating Event and if I click OK that event is noted here on this particular day on the calendar.
There are a couple of other calendar views. If I want, I can look at the calendar by Year. Each one of these blue squares represents a day on which I took photographs and if I click on one of those squares over here, I see a small view of the photographs that I took on that day. I also can look at a Daily View which shows me a larger version of the photos taken on a particular day. If I've taken more than one photo on this day, I could cycle through those here in this larger view. If I want to exit the Date View to go back to the regular Media Browser view, I can click the Media Browser button here and if I want to see where in my catalog this particular file is located, I can click the Binoculars here and that takes me back to my Folder Location view, showing me where that photo is in my folder system.
So Date View is very flexible. It provides lots of options for reviewing your shooting history, or finding particular photos by the date they were captured.
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Texas on the Potomac
Washington news with a Texas accent
Posts filtered on Category
Texans on Science Committee eager to explore life beyond earth
The committee questioned witnesses on the future of astrobiology, expressing ongoing support for space exploration in the coming years. [Read More]
Texas Congressmen recall where they were when JFK was shot
At 12:30 p.m. CST today, it will have been exactly fifty years since President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas. [Read More]
One year out, 2014 election campaigns in Texas are gearing up
Today, with now less than one year until the 2014 election, campaigns across the country are in full swing. [Read More]
Texas Republicans prod Obama to approve Keystone Pipeline — now
Many Republicans are supporting efforts to build the Keystone XL Pipeline from Canada to Texas, claiming that it would create jobs for Americans. President Obama questioned the math and sparked comments from members of the Texas delegation. "Republicans have said that this would be a big jobs generator. There is no evidence that that's true," said Obama. [Read More]
The United States vs. Texas: Lone Star Republicans continue to hurl rhetorical missiles at Eric Holder
"Part of the long-term strategy of this administration is to try to turn Texas blue," Republican Sen. John Cornyn told Fox News. "And so they are engaging in this kind of bogus political activity to try to raise concerns with regard to things like minority voting that simply aren't supported by the evidence. I think this is to create a false impression that somehow minority rights are not being protected, which they are." [Read More]
10 Texas Republicans buck party in vote to limit NSA data collection
"It is encouraging to see that so many of our Texas Republican congressmen are willing to protect our privacy by reining in NSA spying," said Republican Liberty Caucus of Texas Chairman Jeffrey Larson, "and disappointing to see so many Republicans voting against them and with Nancy Pelosi to maintain the status quo." [Read More]
Top Ten: Confusion reigns as Ralph Hall wanders into LGBT event, Rick Perry moves Benghazi to Lebanon
Texas on the Potomac gives you a second glimpse of the most popular stories from the month of June. [Read More]
Top Ten: Rep. Ralph Hall's close encounter with gay activists
Every week Texas on the Potomac gives you a second glimpse of our most popular stories from last week. Here are the most viewed stories from June 9- June 15. [Read More]
Bipartisan agreement: Texas delegation honors Flag Day
Although Congress was not in session Friday, Texas lawmakers still gave their Twitter followers something to read about. What was so tweet-worthy? Flag Day, of course. [Read More]
Rep. Ralph Hall wanders into LGBT event, enjoys hospitality before realizing he's in wrong place
Maybe it's not so hard to teach an old dog new tricks. At least, that's what some were thinking after Texas Rep. Ralph Hall showed up at an LGBT event for the Victory Fund last week, as the Rockwall Republican sipped his drink and made polite conversation. Texas Republican Congressman Ralph Hall stops by #LGBT […] [Read More]
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People are always asking me on Twitter whether Dee Gordon will be demoted. Demoted? Please. Don Mattingly won't even budge on dropping him from the top spot in the lineup.
For whatever reason, Mattingly absolutely refuses to consider dropping Gordon from the top, and judging by what he said to AJ Cassavell yesterday, it doesn't seem like he'll be changing that stance any time soon.
"Dropping Dee in the order sounds really easy," said Mattingly, who rested Gordon for Sunday's series finale against Colorado. "But then who do you want me to hit there?"
Mark Ellis? A.J. Ellis? Bobby Abreu? Juan Rivera's ruptured hamstring? Davey Lopes?
Basically anybody or anything with an OBP higher than .250.
Newly acquired outfielder Bobby Abreu could lead off, Mattingly said, but that would take a potent bat out of the middle of the order.
But Abreu doesn't even have power anymore, so hypothetically, all he's good for is walking (hollow OBP, as Beyond The Boxscore put it).
It's not like he's being asked to put Matt Kemp in the lead-off spot.
Second baseman Mark Ellis could bat first, but Mattingly likes him in the two-hole, hitting ahead of Matt Kemp and Andre Ethier, and doesn't want Ellis' role changing on a day-to-day basis.
Ellis' spot in the lineup has nothing to do with his success though. Even if it did, unless he drops over 100 points in OBP, it's not exactly going to kill the team any more than Gordon already is.
"He kind of needs to be that guy," Mattingly said of Gordon. "I know we can't force a square peg into a round hole, but we have been able to sustain so far without Dee kind of getting going."
"I know we can't force a square peg in a round hole … BUT I'M GONNA DO IT ANYWAY! TROLOLOLOLOLOLOL!" – Don Trollingly
Left fielder Tony Gwynn Jr. got the start on Sunday afternoon in the leadoff spot, but as a platoon player, Gwynn won't be in the lineup with Gordon very often. When Gwynn does play on the same day as Gordon, Mattingly said he'd be fully comfortable moving Gordon down because of the speed and on-base ability Gwynn brings to the table.
This reveals the exact reason Mattingly refuses to demote Gordon. It's basically because he can't come to grips with the idea of using somebody without plus speed in the lead-off spot.
It's why he's comfortable with Tony Gwynn Jr. leading off despite his career .320 OBP, yet he makes excuses as to why the Ellis twins and Abreu can't do it.
It's like Mattingly's decision making was imported from Dusty Baker and his dugout dice.
Mattingly dismissed that notion, saying he is content with leaving Ellis lower in the lineup, where he can drive in runs and turn the order over.
"You try to have a balanced lineup where you have a chance to score in all parts of the game," Mattingly said. "Obviously the more guys you've got that are productive, the easier that is."
Besides the fact that the lineup gets turned over regardless of batting order position, you know what else helps? Being productive in front of other productive players instead of walking, having the pitcher come up to create an automatic out, and setting it all up for … Gordon.
I love prospects, and I understand that Mattingly has to defend his guys, but moving a rookie shortstop down in the order so that there's less pressure on him isn't exactly some world ending move. In fact, it's pretty standard, isn't it? Joe Torre bat Kemp eighth for an eternity, so I think Gordon can stand a few plate appearances down there without imploding.
In other news (maybe related), Elian Herrera is on his way to Los Angeles, and he'll be activated if Kemp gets put on the disabled list.
His .282/.363/.388/.751 career line in the minors basically sums up his skills. He can take a walk, but offers little else.
So why does he get chosen? I don't know. He's a utility player, basically. He has played 2B/3B/SS/CF/LF, so Ned Colletti is inching closer to his dream of having an entire starting lineup of utility players.


text: Successful business incubation at universities is about much more than a capable technology transfer office (TTO) and strong commercialization policies. New businesses are born at universities because faculty and students have the freedom to develop innovative ideas and pursue new lines of inquiry. To emerge from the university successfully, these pioneering ideas must be accompanied by prototype development, market research, commercialization strategy, and effective fundraising.


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MAGA BO's work as a producer, DJ, and musician has received international acclaim. He has worked and performed in over 40 countries including performances at WOMEX, Mundial and Transmediale. He counts among his collaborators the likes of Mulatu Astatke, Marcelo Yuka and Issa Bagayogo. His music and remixes have been released by Tru-Thoughts, Ninja Tune, Cumbancha, Soot and many others.
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Hello English Majors!
Interested in becoming more involved with
your major? Check out Sigma Tau Delta, the International English Honor
Society! The Sigma Tau Delta USF Chapter provides you with many
opportunities for share your work with other majors, as well as exposes
you to publishing and grant opportunities.If interested, come on by our first official meeting in UC 402 NEXT THURSDAY at 2:45. We will discuss some of our ideas for this upcoming year!
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text:
Problem with iCloud sync between devices
27 Dec 2013, 18:03
Marco Almeida (5 posts)
I have an app that uses core data and integrated icloud using the example avaiable in the book "iCloud for Developers" by Cesare.
The app works fine for adding and deleting data with core data. But when it comes to icloud only adding new objects is working. When I delete one object in one device, it does not gets updated on the other device.
I used the book's default confif for merging policy and also tried other that did not work, but once again note that when I add a new entry on one device it syncs fine with the other.
So, anyone could help me with this?
Thank you.
27 Dec 2013, 19:02
Cesare Rocchi (15 posts)
Can you post the code you execute when you delete an object?
27 Dec 2013, 20:21
Marco Almeida (5 posts)
I use the template of a TableViewController:
And here is the code I used for iCloud merge policy:
28 Dec 2013, 14:06
Cesare Rocchi (15 posts)
Before thinking it's an iCloud issue … Does the same happen without iCloud? I mean, let's pretend iCloud does not exist and you are just building a simple Core Data app, using exactly the same data model. It should be pretty easy to build it. Can you reproduce the bug in that situation?
I ask it because I'd like to make sure it has nothing to do with the delete rules of the relationships …
29 Dec 2013, 01:01
Marco Almeida (5 posts)
No Cesare, the app works fine with just Core Data, adding and delete gives me no errors. Also, my Model has no relationships since it has only one Entity.
The problem is only on deleting with iCloud enabled. But if I quit the app, when I load it again the table is updated correctly. So the problem happens when I have two devices ate the same time turned on looking at the table and I delete one entry on a advice, when I look at the other it does not get update, only if I quit the app and load again.
Also it doesn't work if I just put the app on the background.
29 Dec 2013, 05:04
Marco Almeida (5 posts)
Cesare, I am just dropping by to say that I managed to get delete syncing working. but with a bit different code from the one you have in your book and that I used.
What I did was just exchange the notification "- (void)mergeChangesFromiCloud:(NSNotification *)notification" method to this simple one:
[moc mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:notification];
So my final code for the merge method is:
But now I am having another issue, that didn't before doing this modification: the first time I run the app and when I try to delete an entry, it just quits all of a sudden. But the second time and on I can add and delete thousands of entries and all is working fine!!!!!
Wow, coredata + iCloud is driving me crazy!!!!!
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Welcome back, y'all, to Best and Worst Celebrity Looks of the Week! Check out last week's looks (or don't, it's your life) and then check these out and tell us who your celeb pick is for BEST, WORST, and WTF of the week!
Amy Poehler never knows what length of dress to wear. She always finds one that is exactly the wrong length and cuts her off. This would be so much cuter if it was short.


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Hilary Johnson, Glomerata editor-in-chief, talks about her favorite part of working on the Glomerat… Jessica Rucker Mar 1, 2013 8 views
Robert Martin, a senior at Auburn University, shares how he first became interested in becoming a p… Damaso Palencia Mar 1, 2013 3 views
Ethan Hill, sophomore at Auburn University, shares his story of moving and adapting to college life… Lindsay Miles Feb 28, 2013 31 views
Kasi Davis, manager at Wrapsody, talks about the variety of wedding gifts Wrapsody carries and what… Michelle Moultrie Feb 28, 2013 15 views
Scott Bishop, curator of education for the Jule Collins Smith Museum of Fine Art, discusses the Sou… Katie Armstrong Feb 28, 2013 10 views
Vile Vixen #210, a member of Auburn's Roller Derby Team, explains about roller derby and their upco… Sarah Bullock Feb 28, 2013 9 views
Katie Beck, a senior public relations student at Auburn, has been one of tens of thousands to parti… Mae Margaret Davis Feb 25, 2013 13 views
Alison Brooke Hudson Feb 22, 2013 94 views
Lawrence Majors has been a member of the Auburn Allemanders, a local square dancing club, for over… Emily Bailey Feb 22, 2013 26 views
Kimberly Jackson, graduate from Xavier University in New Orleans, La. reviews a heritage fashion sh… Aiesha Gentry Feb 22, 2013 34 views
The Southeastern Raptor Center not only trains the eagles for the stadium flight at Auburn home gam… Brittney Dobbs Feb 22, 2013 31 views
Adam George, general manager of the Auburn Shrimp Basket, gives a little history on the restaurant. Alex Boyd Feb 22, 2013 48 views
Auburn University senior Lauren Haines discusses her plans for spring break 2013. Mariel Eckert Feb 21, 2013 22 views
An interview with Haley Stevens, a singer/songwriter from Arkansas and a student at Auburn Universi… Katie Beck Feb 20, 2013 24 views
Samelia Plummer discusses why she takes advantage of College Night at AMF Bowling Alley. Jessica Rucker Feb 16, 2013 48 views
It's no secret, downtown Auburn is a hot spot for Auburn University students looking to let off som… Taylor Starer Feb 15, 2013 25 views
As the BIG Event staff prepares for the upcoming service day, they are embracing some recent expans… Brook Robertson Feb 15, 2013 11 views
Leigh Ellen Logan talks about her past experience at the Waverly (Old 280) Boogie and her excitemen… Ashley Laws Feb 15, 2013 23 views
Auburn Men's Volleyball club team Vice President, Jared May, explains how he and his friends starte… Damaso Palencia Feb 15, 2013 90 views
Brian Tully, a senior in marketing at Auburn, has decided to stay in town for his weeklong vacation… Lindsay Miles Feb 14, 2013 60 views


text:
School Overview
|School Membership(s)School Assoc.
|Southern Association Of Colleges And Schools (SACS)
|Religious Affiliation
|Roman Catholic
|Grades Offered
|Grades Kindergarten - 8
|Year Founded
Student Body
|Total Students
|450 students
|Student Body Type
|% Students of Color
State avg.: 18%
|Students by Grade
Academics and Faculty
|Total Classroom Teachers
|18 teachers
|Student : Teacher Ratio
National avg.: 13:1
|% Faculty w/Advanced Degree
Finances and Admission
|Admission Deadline
|None / Rolling
|Yearly Tuition Cost
|Tuition Notes
|Payment options include full payment, semi-annual payments or 12 monthly payments.
|Admissions Director
|Charlene Garrett
|Admissions Associate
|Michele Donnelly
|Total Sports Offered
|6 sports
|Basketball, Cross Country, Football, Golf, Soccer, VolleyballBasketball, Cross Country,
Football, Golf,
Soccer, Volleyball,
|Total ExtracurricularsTotal Extra-curric.
|10 extracurriculars
|Art Club, Chess Club, Children's Choir, Digital Storytelling, Dramatic Storytelling, Mathletes in Action, Science Club, Spanish Club, Spelling Bee, Student Council Art Club, Chess Club, Science Club, Spanish Club, Spelling Bee, Children's Choir,
Digital Storytelling,
Dramatic Storytelling,
Mathletes in Action,
Student Council,
School Notes:
The curriculum at St. Matthew School is an integrated Christian program where fundamental communication skills are emphasized with a hands-on, minds-on, cyclical method of instruction. Students are taught patterned, logical, higher-level thinking processes throughout the disciplines of study. They are instructed to make observations, discern patterns, and apply knowledge through the scientific process of inquiry. Reading, writing, speaking, listening and logical thinking are emphasized daily.
Profile last updated: 01/21/2014
Nearby Schools:
- School Location Miles Grades Students
Nashville7646 Highway 705
Nashville, TN 37221
(615)673-8000Montessori School3.4 mi | Gr. PK | 37 students
Franklin2422 Bethlehem Loop Rd
Franklin, TN 37069
(615)791-6467Special Education School4.6 mi | Gr. 3-12 | 70 students
Nashville809 Percy Warner Blvd
Nashville, TN 37205
(615)356-1880(Jewish)5.2 mi | Gr. K-6 | 61 students
Nashville2323A Old Hickory Blvd
Nashville, TN 37215
(615)373-9550(Presbyterian)5.3 mi | Gr. NS-12 | n/a students
Nashville7555 Sawyer Brown Road
Nashville, TN 37221
(615)356-5600(Church of Christ)5.6 mi | Gr. PK-12 | 563 students


text:
Public Relations Vancouver, Toronto
Jive (Jive Communications), top Public Relations agency in Vancouver Toronto was founded in 2008 by Almira Bardai and Lindsay Nahmiache with the mission of providing the best client experience, creating exceptional brand stories and driving maximum traditional and social media coverage. Little did they know, this mantra would name them one of Business in Vancouver's biggest public relations firms in BC.
1 Jive builds unique stories about your brand, that position it as an industry-leader and creates top-of-mind recall with your customers.
2 We build brand awareness through traditional media, social media, influencer engagement and experiential events. Read more…
"Jive Communications has become an instrumental part of the Preventable team and I cannot be more thrilled with their results-based approach and professionalism. I would not hesitate to give them my full recommendation and support."
– Charmaine Chin, Senior Program Manager, The Community Against Preventable Injuries
4 Jive Communications has been ranked as one of the biggest Public Relations firm by Business In Vancouver (BIV). It's not often that a boutique agency gets ranked alongside PR legends. Read more…


text:
Unlocking the Key to Deep Sleep
By Sarah Fenske
Making the Ferguson Commission Matter
By Danny Wicentowski
My Fake Boyfriend Became a Real-Life Crush
By Lindsay Toler
Rep. Jeffrey Pogue Bill Would Ban Unisex Bathrooms
By Danny Wicentowski
Darren Wilson Gives Speech to Nonprofit
By Danny Wicentowski
Angel Stewart and Other Victims of Violence Ask for Mercy
By Jessica Lussenhop
Obama Praises St. Louis' LaunchCode
By Lindsay Toler
By Lindsay Toler
There was, for example, the time just months after the murder that a frantic woman appeared at police headquarters claiming to have just met the killer. He lived just a few blocks from the shuttered building. The woman said the man invited her into his apartment and showed her a human skull and a machete.
Minutes later, Burgoon, Riley and Adkins arrived at the apartment with a search warrant and a sledgehammer. They busted down the door and recovered the skull and knife.
"The machete was a novelty piece you could bend a million ways. It could never cut someone's head off," recalls Burgoon. "He got the skull from his high-school teacher in California. It was all verified. He wasn't our guy."
Then there was the Charlack police officer who got a skull from a man he had questioned at a storage shed on St. Charles Rock Road. According to the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, Danny Davis of Pagedale told the cop he bought the skull for $35 in the late 1970s at a souvenir-gift shop near Northwest Plaza shopping center. Davis said he was told the skull was that of a young Indian woman who had been killed by a tomahawk. A forensic anthropologist determined it was too old to be Jane Doe's skull.
Other leads have been less conventional. Grasping for clues, Burgoon once sat in on a séance in a Maplewood home. Under dim candlelight the detective passed around photocopied fingerprints of Jane Doe to a table full of psychics. As the clairvoyants channeled the spirits, Burgoon sat in the corner and observed.
"The psychics put their hands on the fingerprints and would shoot straight up in their chairs like they got a jolt or something," remembers Burgoon. "At the end of the meeting they told me to call the Coast Guard. The head is on a boat in the Gulf of Mexico."
The séance wouldn't be the last time homicide detectives looked to the paranormal for help. In 1994 Burgoon and Adkins agreed to appear on Sightings, a nationally syndicated television show on the occult and the supernatural.
Connected by phone, the homicide detectives sat in St. Louis with notepads at the ready while a psychic in Florida entered the mind of Jane Doe. Producers filled in the backdrop with Hitchcockian theme music and shadowy, slow-motion footage of children at play. The final product was vague enough to seem eerily real, but it only harmed the investigation.
Prior to the show's taping, detectives mailed the psychic the bloodied sweater and the nylon rope used to bind Jane Doe's hands. They never got them back. The evidence was lost in the mail.
Perhaps the most far-fetched story surrounding the case came in 2002 when Sharon Nolte called detectives. A Kansas City insurance investigator, she was convinced Jane Doe was a Chippewa Indian named Shannon Johnson. Nolte said she also knew the killer, a drifter living in southern Texas.
She worked the case independently for seven years before contacting the police, her investigation taking her to an Indian reservation in Minnesota where she collected sample DNA from a woman she believed to be related to Jane Doe. She says she even visited the killer, inviting herself into his home and collecting DNA evidence in his bathroom.
Nolte has few positive things to say about the St. Louis police department. She claims her story fell on deaf ears -- that Carroll and Burgoon never took her seriously. Of the $23,000 she says she spent on the case, $4,500 went to a private lab that tested the DNA against that of Jane Doe. The tests came back negative, but Nolte still maintains she was right.
"I don't give a rat's ass about the police department. I think they stink," she says. "I told them who she was and who killed her, and they never did anything with it. I had a bag full of the killer's pubic hair. Do you know how difficult it is to collect a bag full of pubic hair?"
As with all the people who have stepped forward to help police solve the case, Carroll and Burgoon say they appreciate Nolte's efforts, but in the end her story just didn't add up.
"You don't want to play anyone cheap," says Burgoon. "In a case as tough as this one, you want to listen to what anyone has to say. What do you have to lose?"
The most recent twist to the case came this past July, when detectives Tom Carroll and Jeff Stone flew to Texas to interview Tommy Lynn Sells. On death row for the brutal murder of a thirteen-year-old girl, Sells claims to have committed dozens of murders across the country, including five in Missouri.
The interview was inconclusive, but Carroll doubts Sells' involvement.
"He'll claim anything. Whatever case you put in front of him he'll say, 'It could be me.'"
Buried within the Web site for the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children lies a page devoted to Jane Doe. Of the roughly 1,400 children profiled, she is the only child without a mug shot or artist's rendering. In its place appears the bloodied yellow sweater found on her body, along with information about skin color, weight and age.
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text:
Olympic torch in Bristol - day one in pictures and videos
Posted: May 22, 2012|
Tens of thousands of people lined the streets of Bristol on Tuesday evening as the Olympic torch arrived in the city.
The famous flame was carried into Bristol on the fourth day of the London 2012 torch relay and arrived in Bitton at 5pm, before being carried into the city from Hanham.
Here's a gallery of photos from its arrival in Bitton.
Related content
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Here's another gallery from Hanham.
Families, groups of friends and people just finishing a day of work took advantage of the once-in-a-lifetime event to come out onto the street and cheer on the torchbearers in the evening sunshine.
Here's a gallery of photos of the celebrations in Longwell Green.
It was carried along Church Road in St George to Old Market and Castle Park before reaching the city docks and sailing down the river under Prince Street bridge to Millennium Square – where it joined a huge party on the harbourside in the amphitheatre.
Paralympian sailor and former Post Gold Star winner Blaire Hannan, 21, from Stoke Bishop, boarded Bristol Sailability's "Aiming High" powerboat with the torch in Redcliffe Way.
Here's an interview with Blaire Hannan:
We've put together a slideshow of highlights of the Olympic torch's journey across Bristol harbour:
Highlights from the journey into Bristol by boat:
Tony and Mavis Hart, 73 and 70, had come down from Fishponds to Castle Park to watch the torch go by.
Tony said: "It's a beautiful day, and it's a once-in-a-lifetime thing, isn't it. We are never going to see this again at our age.
"It's a lovely atmosphere here and great crowds. We've been watching it all on the TV and it's addictive!"
Video of the torch at the Harbourside:
Nathan Westlake, 11, and his sister Karis, nine came into the city centre with their dad and grandparents from their home in Hallen.
"We were going to go tomorrow morning but it would have meant missing some school," said Nathan. "It's really exciting to be here to watch it go past. Now I'm looking forward to the Olympics."
Here's how you captured the event on video in Bitton:
One of the many long-distance fanatics who had travelled to Bristol was Rachel Gillett, who travelled all the way from her home town of Batemans Bay in Australia.
The former Frenchay nurse returned to her home town of Hanham to reunite with her family and catch a glimpse of the torch for the second time in her life.
The relay passed through her town in Australia in 2000, but she said the atmosphere in Hanham was incomparable.
She said: "It wasn't half as busy as this back in Australia.
"It's exciting and it's going to be a very emotional night with all the family together again."
Outside the Maypole Inn, lower down in Hanham High Street, was Mrs Gillett's father, David Fry.
Mr Fry, the town crier for South Gloucestershire, stood in full ceremonial dress, bell in hand, for the historic occasion.
He said: "The response from Hanham that you see here today just shows the interest in the Olympics here."
Here's a gallery of photos from the torch passing through Hanham, from the Kingswood People site.
Here's a gallery of photos from the torch passing through Hanham, from the Kingswood People site.
Here's how you captured the event on video in Old Market:
More video from St George:
Margaret and Bernie King, both 82, had been brought to the Harbourside by their family to try to catch a glimpse of the torch.
"I remember seeing the Olympic Torch when I was a young man in Plymouth back in 1948," said Bernie, from Hanham.
"I was an apprentice welder in one of the shipyards, but we were all allowed out for an hour to see the torch being run through the streets. I've remembered it all my life.
"But I certainly never thought I'd get to see it again in my lifetime."
Video from Old Market:
"There has been a fantastic vibe," said Claire Smith, 39, of Totterdown, who brought along son Kyle, four, to see the flame's arrival.
"It's events like this when you really see Bristol truly shine," she added. "It's like the whole city has come out tonight to be a part of the occasion. It is special. Days like these don't come around too often."
More video from Nag's Head Hill:
On Welsh Back the Armstrong family, from Henleaze, had pitched their deck chairs more than an hour before the torch procession was due.
"We just didn't want to miss anything," said dad Mark, 45, who had brought his daughters Emily, eight, and Annabel, 12, to catch a glimpse of the flame.
"It's something they'll remember for the rest of their lives," Mark says.
Emily said she "can't wait for the games to begin".
"I love athletics, and would like to be a runner when I grow up," she beamed. "So for me, to be able to see the Olympic flame is inspirational."
Video from outside the Pied Horse pub:
Video of the torch in St George outside the Horse and Jockey, shot by @northernnat:
Video of the moment the cauldron was lit:
Here's a video of street dancers Twist and Shout at the party last night shot by Failmaster1234:
For information on where the torch will be today on its second day in Bristol, visit our Olympic torch information page.
There are dozens more photos to see in our Day One gallery.
These are the official Olympic torch highlights:
We want to hear from you and see any photos and videos you take as the torch goes through Bristol - please send them to us by email. Please indicate if you're not happy for your photos to appear in The Post as well.
Check out Thursday's edition of The Post for a special souvenir supplement all about the torch passing through Bristol.
For Day Two of the Olympic torch in Bristol have a look at our picture and videos here.


text:
Recently I have noticed a raised spot in my horses spine, right before the highest point in his hips. He is 12 years old, and I have had him for a year. I used to ride him regularly, but now I am in college and he just does a lot of eating and some ground work. It doesn't seem to bother him, and he isn't lame.
I have also noticed that part of his mane now flips over to the opposite side. I have heard before that means there is something wrong?
I am not 100% sure if it's a hunters bump or not, but should I have it looked into?
You can kind of see it from the picture here:


text:
Hair fixing compositions such as aerosol hair sprays and hair setting lotions containing as the film forming resinous binder therein an interpolymer derived from (1) N-alkyl acrylamides or methacrylamides, (2) acidic film forming comonomers, and (3) at least one polymerizable comonomer.
Claims available in
Description (OCR text may contain errors)
United States Patent Micchelli et a1.
National Starch and Chemical Corporation, Clifton, NJ.
Filed: Aug. 13, 1973 Appl. No.: 388,325
Related US. Application Data Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 244,264, April 14, 1972, abandoned.
US. Cl 424/47; 260/296 ME; 260/296 T; 260/296 TA; 260/33.4 R; 260/338 UA; 260/785 BB; 260/8013; 260/808; 424/DlG. 1; 424/DIG. 2; 424/71; 424/78; 424/81;
424/359 Int. Cl. A61K 7/11 Field of Search 424/DIG. 1, DIG. 2, 47,
[ Dec. 16, 1975 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,257,281 6/1966 Maeder 424/47 3,405,084 10/1968 Bohac et a1... 424/71 X 3,493,500 2/1970 Volk et a1. 260/8073 X 3,577,517 5/1971 Kubot et a1 424/47 3,577,518 5/1971 Shepherd et al. 424/47 3,726,288 4/1973 Nowak et a1 424/71 X 3,735,003 5/1973 Zimmer et al. 424/47 3,753,958 8/1973 Wingler et a1. 260/785 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,141,255 1/1969 United Kingdom 424/71 1,814,115 7/1969 Germany 260/8073 2,047,655 4/1971 Germany 424/71 Primary ExaminerSam Rosen Assistant ExaminerVera C. Clarke [57] ABSTRACT 10 Claims, No Drawings HAIR FIXING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING N-ALKYL ACRYLAMIDE OR METHACRYLAMIDE INTERPOLYMER This is a continuation-in-part application of our copending application Ser. No. 244,264 filed Apr. 14, 1972, now abandoned.
This invention relates to hair fixing compositions containing unique film forming polymeric binders therein.
In order to be highly effective in hair fixing compositions such as aerosol hair sprays and hair setting tions, the film forming polymeric binders utilized therein as well as the films derived therefrom must meet a rigid set of requirements. Thus, the binders used in such formulations should be soluble in anhydrous organic solvents, yet the films cast from such hair fixing formulations should, ordinarily, either be water soluble or water dispersible in order to facilitate their easy removal from the users hair. As is readily visualized, this is an unusual combination of properties which is further complicated by the requirement that the binder used in such formulations be completely compatible with the solvents and/or propellants ordinarily employed therein. Furthermore, the binders used should show little or no tendency to interact with the perfumes or other optional ingredients utilized in hair fixing formulations.
In addition, the films cast from either aqueous or organic solvent solutions of these binders should be flexible and should simultaneously exhibit sufficient strength and elasticity; they should exhibit good adhesion to hair so as to avoid the occurrence of dusting or flaking when the hair is subjected to varying stresses; they should readily allow the hair to be recombed; they should maintain a non-tacky state despite humid conditions; they should be clear, transparent and glossy and should possess good antistatic properties; and-they should be easily removable by the use of water and/or soap or shampoo.
Needless to say, many polymeric systems have been utilized in an attempt to meet these stringent requirements. Among these are included: polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidone. with vinyl acetate, 5-5 '-dimethyl hydantoinformaldehyde resins, and copolymers of methyl vinyl ethers and maleic acid half esters, etc. Though each of the latter systems has met at least some of the above cited requirements, none has exhibited all of these requirements to an optimum degree.
It is the prime object of this invention to provide film forming polymers for use as binders in hair fixing formulations, said polymers exhibiting most or all of the above-described properties required in such binders.
It is a further object to prepare effective aerosol hair sprays, hair setting lotions and the like utilizing these polymeric binders.
Various other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from a reading of the disclosure which follows hereinafter.
We have now discovered that all of the previously described requirements for an effective hair fixing formulation are met by utilizing the novel class of polymers hereinafter described as the film forming binder component'of the hair fixing compositions of this invention. Particularly significant are the broadened solubility and compatibility characteristics exhibited by these binders. Thus. for example. they display a greater degree of solubility in the organic solvents typically used in aerosol hair sprays as well as in the aqueous solvent systems typically utilized in wave set lotions. In addition, they exhibit greater compatibility with the hydrocarbon propellants typically used in aerosol hair sprays. Furthermore, if neutralization of these resins is desired by the practitioner, the lower levels of neutralization that can be used insure the deposition, onto the hair, of films having a minimal degree of water sensitivity which, although they are readily removable by washing, provide a greater degree of holding power and thereby enable the thus treated hair to retain its shape and body.
The film forming polymers (i.e. interpolymers) utilizable as binders in the hair fixing compositions of this invention comprise polymers containing moieties derived from l) at least one comonomer which is an N-alkyl acrylamide or methacrylamide, (2) at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more available carboxyl groups, and (3) at least one comonomer selected from a group of copolymerizable comonomers.
The applicable N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides are substituted with alkyl radicals containing from 2-12 carbon atoms. Among the applicable acrylamides and methacrylamides are included N-ethyl acrylamide, N-tettiary-butyl acrylamide, N-n-octyl acrylamide, N-teltiary-octyl acrylamide, N-decyl acrylamide, N-dodecyl acrylamide, as well as the corresponding methacrylamides.
The following list of monomers are representative of the applicable acidic film forming comonomers which contain at least one available carboxylic acid group: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and the C -C alkyl half esters of maleic and fumaric acids such, for example, as methyl hydrogen maleate and butyl hydrogen fumarate as well as any other acidic monomers which are capable of being copolymerized with the particular interpolymer system whose use is desired by the practitioner. As is known to those skilled in the art, the acidic comonomer(s) must be so chosen as to be readily polymerizable with the selected interpolymer system.
The acidic comonomers make it possible for the. resultant copolymer to be neutralized by reaction with an appropriate base in order that it may ultimately exhibit the requisite water solubility. These acidic comonomers may be neutralized prior to their being incorporated into the ultimate hair fixing formulation thus permitting these formulations to be removed from the hair merely by rinsing with water. However, if such copolymers are not pre-neutralized in this manner. removal may still be readily effected by the application of an alkaline aqueous solution, for example, soap and water. It should be noted that for purposes of this invention the term water solubility is meant to include both water solubility in its usual meaning as well as water dispersibility wherein the resulting films are sufficiently hydrated and softened by contact with water so as to be easily removed from the hair by the application of water and either soap or shampoo.
In order to modify or enhance certain properties of I the polymeric binder, for example. adherance to the atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, octyl and lauryl alcohols; hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids such as hydroxypropyl acrylate and methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate and methacrylate, hydroxystearyl acrylate and methacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate and methacrylate; alkyl (C -C amino alkyl (C -C esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids such as N, N diethylaminoethyl acrylate, N-tertbutylaminopropyl acrylate, N, N -dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N-tert.-butylaminoethyl methacrylate and the quatemization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate and the like; diacetone acrylamide; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; and styrene monomers such as styrene and alpha-methyl styrene.
In order to provide binders which will function particularly efficiently in the novel hair fixing compositions of this invention, the interpolymer will contain from about 30-60% of the N-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide, from -20%, (and 12-18%, preferrably) of the acidic comonomer, and up to 55% of at least one copolymerizable comonomer; these percentages being based on the total weight of the interpolymer. The percentages given herein and in the claims are to be taken so that the comonomers of the interpolymer will total to 100%.
Applicants preferred composition (preferred because of its combination of excellent properties of curl retention, adherance to the hair, clari'ty, gloss, and the like) will contain from 35-45% of N-tert.-octyl acrylamide. from 12-18% of acrylic or methacrylic acid, from 32-38% of methyl methacrylate, from 2-10% of hydroxypropyl acrylate, and from 2-10% of an alkyl (C -C amino alkyl (C -C acrylate or methacrylate.
As for the actual preparation of these polymeric film forming binders, there may be employed any of the usual vinyl polymerization methods which are well known to those skilled in the art and which are particularly suited for the polymer whose preparation is desired. Thus, the polymers may be prepared by means of free radical initiated processes utilizing bulk, suspension, solution, or emulsion polymerization techniques. The polymers may, if desired, be converted into relatively large particles known as beads or pearls by disp'ersing the solution polymerized polymer in water and thereafter driving off the solvent followed by separating and drying the particles.
It should be noted that the polymer binders of this invention may be partially neutralized prior to their being incorporated into the ultimate hair fixing formulation thus permitting them to be removed from the hair merely by rinsing with water. This may be accomplished by reacting the polymer, in the form of a solution in an organic solvent, with or without added water, with a concentration of an alkaline reagent (neutralizing agent) which is equivalent on a molar basis to a minimum of about 50% of the available carboxyl groups present on the polymer. Applicable alkaline materials which may be utilized in this manner include: sodium and potassium hydroxide; ammonia; primary, secondary and tertiary amines; alkanolamines; and, hydroxyamines such as 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol. However, if such polymers are not pre-neutralized in this manner, their eventual removal may still be readily effected by the application of weak alkaline aqueous solution. e.g., soap and water.
In utilizing the above-described polymeric binders in the preparation of aerosol hair sprays, the other essential ingredients which must be admixed therewith are a solvent and a propellant, although 'in some instances the propellant will serve both the latter functions. The preferred solvents are alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol. In addition to their solubility properties, the prime advantages of these solvents are their ability to dry quickly, their minimal effect on the metal containers ordinarily utilized for these pressurized aerosol formulations and their accepted use in cosmetic applications. Other solvents which may be used include methylene chloride and l,l,l-trichloroethane, etc.
Various types of aerosol propellants are well known to those skilled in the art. Thus, the commonly used propellants include trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, isobutane and propane, etc., as well as mixtures of the latter propellants. These propellants are readily compatible with the binder-solvent solutions utilized in this invention.
In general, the method for preparing the hair spray formulations of this invention merely involves dissolving or diluting the polymer in the selected solvents, adding any modifying agents whose presence may be desired, and thereupon combining the resulting solution with the selected aerosol propellant.
Thus, it may be noted that the novel hair spray formulations of this invention will in all cases contain at least three essential components. The first of the latter components will be what may be termed as the active ingredient comprising one or more of the abovedescribed polymers which serves as the binder for the formulation. Secondly, there will be one or more solvents which serve as vehicles for the binder. And, finally, there is the propellant which serves to effect the discharge of the aforedescribed binder and vehicle from the container wherein the formulation is packaged. Water is not ordinarily present, but may be included in some formulations.
With regard to proportions, the final hair spray formulations typically contain the polymeric binder in a concentration ranging from about 0.25 to 7%, by weight; the solvent in a concentration ranging from about 8 to 90%, by weight; and, the propellant concentration ranging from 10 to by weight. The latter proportions should, however, be considered asbeing merely illustrative inasmuch as it may well be possible to prepare operable formulations having concentrations of components which fall outside the above suggested ranges.
In addition, it should be noted that the unique film forming polymers of this invention are equally effective when utilized in hair setting lotions, which usually consist of a solution (or dispersion) of the polymer in a suitable organic solvent, such as alcohol, together with water. Such lotions may be directly applied to the hair or they may be sprayed thereon utilizing conventional spray nozzles. The application of such lotions may take place prior to, during, or after the desired hair style has been achieved.
The latter hair lotions are prepared by merely admixing the film forming polymer with the selected solvent, such solvents usually comprising a mixture, with water. of an alcohol such as ethanol or isopropanol. With regard to proportions, the lotions typically contain from about 0.5 to 7%. by weight. of the polymeric binder. while any desired ratio of alcohol to water in the solvent system may be utilized therein. An all alcohol system may also be used in some cases.
Comonomers N-tert.-octyl methacrylamide N-tert.-octyl acrylamide N tert=butyl acrylamide Acrylic Acid Methacrylic Acid ltaconic Acid Methyl Methacrylate Methyl Acrylate Tert.Butyl 'Methacrylate Hydroxypropyl Methacrylate Hydroxypropyl Acrylate Tert.-butyl Aminoethyl Methacrylate Dimethyl Aminoethyl Methacrylate N.N'-Dieth vlaminoethyl Acrylate Vinyl Acetate Diacetone Acrylamide to prepare the respective polymers being set forth in the following table:
Parts Polymer (Example No.)
Azobisisobulyronitrile substituted for benzoyl peroxide as free radical initiator.
Optional additives may be incorporated into the hair fixing formulations of this invention in order to modify certain properties thereof. Among these additives may be included: plasticizers such as glycols, phthalate esters and glycerine; silicones; emollients, lubricants and penetrants such as lanolin compounds, protein hydrolyzates and other protein derivatives, ethylene oxide adducts, and polyoxyethylene cholesterol; U.V. absorbers; dyes and other colorants; and, perfumes. As previously noted, the polymeric binders of this invention show little or no tendency to chemically interact with such additives.
The resulting hair fixing formulations exhibit all of the characteristics required of such a product. Their films are transparent, glossy, flexible, and strong. They possess good antistatic properties, adhere well to hair, are easily removed by soapy water or shampoos, allow the hair to be readily recombed, do not yellow on aging, do not become tacky when exposed to high humiditie's, and have excellent curl retention under high humidity conditions.
In the following examples, which further illustrate the embodiment of this invention, all parts given are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLES l-l 1 methyl methacrylate, 1.0 part benzoyl peroxide and 100 parts of ethanol. The contents were heated to the reflux temperature of the system and held there for a period of 6 hours whereupon an additional 1.0 part of benzoyl peroxide was added thereto. The system was then held at reflux for an additional 4 hours whereafter the reaction was cooled to 30C and the polymer No.1 recovered.
Additional polymers applicable for use in the hair fixing formulations of this invention were also prepared by means of the above-described procedure; the reagents and the concentrations in which they were used EXAMPLES 12-17 vessel was charged with 25% of a monomer mix con-- taining 40 parts tertiary-octyl acrylamide, l5 parts acrylic acid, 35 parts methyl methacrylate, 5 parts hydroxpropyl acrylate and 5 parts tertiary-butyl aminoethyl methacrylate. The system was heated to its reflux temperature whereupon the remainder of the monomer mix was added over a period of 4 hours. Upon completion of the monomer addition, an additional 1.0 part of benzoyl peroxide was added and the reaction held at reflux for further 4 hours. The system was cooled and polymer No.12 recovered therefrom.
Additional copolymers applicable for use in the hair fixing formulations of this invention were also prepared by the above described procedure; the reagents and the concentrations in which they were used to prepare the respective polymers being set forth in the following table:
Parts Polymer (Example No.)
Comonome rs 'lgl llllllll llE EEI'JIIII" EXAMPLES 18-23 Parts These examples illustrate the preparation of aerosol Wave Set Lem) (Example N0.) hair spray formulations typ1cal of the novel products of 34 25 26 5 thls lnverltlon' Anhydrous ethanol 4625 9170 A solution of the desired polymer in anhydrous ethawater 99344 50,000 nol was prepared and subsequently introduced into an available cflrbfmylic 100 6U acid groups neutrahzed aerosol container wh1ch had been charged with the in polymer desired propellant to an internal pressure of 30 lbs. per square inch gauge. The various modifying agents were 10 added to the Polymer-alcohol Solutlens Prior to When utilized, each of these wave setting lotions mtteduetton Into the propellant-Charged aerosol deposited a clear, glossy, flexible film which was readily tametremoved from the hair by a thorough washing with The reagents and the concentrations utilized for prewater. paring the Venous aerosol hair p y are Set forth l5 Summarizing, it is seen that this invention provides the tollowmg table: for the preparation of novel hair fixing formulations Parts Aerosol Spray (Example No.) 1s 19 20 21 22 23 Polymer No. 1 (dried) 0.50 Polymer No. 2 (dried) 0 250 7.000 Polymer No. 3 (dried) 0.500 2.000 Polymer No. 12 (dried) 0 50 2amino-2 methyl propanol 0.042 1.750 2amino-2 methyl- 0.059 0.136 1.3-propanediol Perfume oil 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10
Polymethylpolysiloxane 0.250 Ethoxylated lanolin oil 0.50 0.500 0.50 Propoxylated oleyl alcohol 0.400 Hydrolyzed protein 0.70 Anhydrous ethanol 63.9 49.358 63.826 37.330 10.450 63.90 A :60 propellant mixture of dichlorodifluoromethane and trichlorofluoromethane 50.0 80.00 A :45:10 propellant mixture of trichlorofluoromethane: dichlorodifluoromethane: isobutane 35.0 35.0 35.00
Methylene Chloride 15.00 Vinyl Chloride 15.00 lsobutane 10.00
Dichlorodifluoromethane 20.00 7r of available carboxylic acid groups neutralized in polymer 55 100 58 81 EXAMPLES 24-26 These examples illustrate the preparation of wave setting lotions typical of the products of this invention.
The lotions noted in the following table were prepared by charging the specified ingredients into a reaction vessel equipped with means for mechanical agitation.
Parts Wave Set Lotion (Example N0.) 24 25 26 Polymer N0. 2 (dried) 0.500 3.000 7,000 2umino-2 methyl 0.156 0.750 1.300
propanol which are characterized by their excellent holding power as well as by their ready removability.
Variations may be made in preparations. procedures and materials without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims:
We claim: e
1. A hair fixing composition containing a solvent selected from the group consisting of 1,1, l-trichloroethane, methylene chloride, ethanol, isopropanol, and water, and from 0.25 to 7%, by weight, of an interpolymer of 1') 30-60% of a comonomer selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl acrylamide and N-alkyl methacrylamide wherein the alkyl group thereof contains from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, (2) 12-18% of an acidic copolymerizable comonomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid. crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and the (C -C alkyl half esters of maleic and fumaric acids, and '(3) 20-55% of at lest one copolymerizable comonomer selected from the group consisting of (C -C alkyl acrylates. C1 'C12) alkyl methacrylates, (C -C hydroxyalkyl acrylates. hydroxystearyl acrylate. hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, hydroxystearyl methacrylate, (C -C alkyl (C -C amino alkyl acrylates. (C 4: alkyl (Cg-C aminoalkyl methacrylates. vinyl 9 acetate, vinyl propionate, diacetone acrylamide, styrene, and alpha-methyl styrene; said interpolymer being sufficiently neutralized with an alkaline reagent to effect its solubility in water.
2. The hair fixing composition of claim 1, wherein from 50 to 100% of the available carboxyl groups of the interpolymer are neutralized with an alkaline reagent.
3. The hair fixing composition of claim 1, containing an interpolymer of (1) 30-45% N-tert.octyl acrylamide, (2) 12-18% acrylic or methacrylic acid, (3)
5. The hair fixing composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is in an aerosol container and also contains an aerosol propellant therefor.
6. The hair fixing composition of claim 2, wherein the composition is in an aerosol container and also contains an aerosol propellant therefor.
7. The hair fixing composition of claim 3, wherein the composition is in an aerosol container and also contains an aerosol propellant therefor.
8. The hair fixing composition of claim 4, wherein the composition is in an aerosol container and also contains an aerosol propellant therefor.
9. A process for fixing hair comprising applying to the hair an effective amount of the hair fixing composition of claim 1.
10. A process for fixing hair comprising spraying upon the hair an effective amount of the hair fixing composition of claim 5.
Patent Citations
Referenced by
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text:
The text under review is a translation and expansion of a classic work on convex polyhedra, first published in Russian in 1950, then translated into German in 1958. It has been updated by V. A. Zalgaller, and fitted with supplements by Yu. A. Volkov and L. A. Shor. It is a testimony to Alexandrov's depth of insight and care in exposition that this monograph is still the basic text in the subject, and that it finally has an English translation (by Dairbekov, Kutateladze, and Sossinsky) more than fifty years after its writing.
What is most compelling about this book is the choice of method — a polyhedron is a geometric object of some simplicity, accessible by ideas from synthetic geometry and elementary topology, and demonstrating anew the power of these methods. The basic question of the book is to establish which data associated to a polyhedron determine it up to Euclidean equivalence. In two dimensions, for example, the conditions a + b > c, a + c > b and b + c > a determine the lengths of the sides of a triangle, which is unique up to isometry of the plane. The first such uniqueness theorem for polyhedra was given by Cauchy in 1813: two closed convex polyhedra composed of the same number of equal similarly situated faces are congruent (via a Euclidean motion of three-space).
The combinatorial data that describe a polyhedron are given by a development. A development is a collection of polygons, together with a prescription for gluing them along their sides. The rules for gluing include the geometric assumptions that sides can be glued only if they have the same lengths, and that a side is glued to at most one other side. Such data also carry topological implications and conditions for convexity follow.
To restore spatial geometry Alexandrov introduced the intrinsic metric of a development. Distances are measured along the faces of the polyhedron and so notions such as geodesics are defined. Viewing a closed, convex polyhedron as a sort of surface, the analogue of the Gauss map is a prescription of face directions. In this setting, Alexandrov develops and proves Minkowski's theorem, which states that two polyhedra with pairwise parallel faces of equal area are, in fact, parallel translates of each other.
The failure of uniqueness for polyhedra with boundary and a given development is the notion of a flexible polyhedron. Alexandrov proved conditions equivalent to the existence of flexible polyhedra from which his rigidity theorems follow.
The original editions of this book included conjectures and problems, many of which were solved in the ensuing decades. Before his death, Alexandrov, with the assistance of Zalgaller, prepared footnotes for this edition bringing it up to date and including an expanded bibliography. The richness and beauty of the mathematics of polyhedra is the main gift of this book. It is bound to influence another fifty years of research on this subject.
John McCleary is Professor of Mathematics at Vassar College.


text:
Each surgical candidate begins their journey by attending an educational class. Each candidate is only required to attend one class. These classes are held every Tuesday morning. The class is designed to give candidates information about the types of surgical weight loss procedures, the risks involved, and what to expect throughout the process. It is also during this time that each candidate will have a one on one assessment by the program's physician assistant as well as receive a comprehensive guidebook to help them on their journey.
Candidates will then begin to go through a series of evaluations to make sure they are medically and psychologically ready for surgery. These evaluations will be scheduled by our program's administrative assistant.
Once the required evaluations are complete and insurance has approved the procedure, the candidate will be placed on the surgery schedule and a preoperative visit will be scheduled. This visit will take place no more than 2 weeks prior to your scheduled surgery.
For additional information to sign up for classes, please contact:
The Nash Surgical Weight Loss Center
2460 Curtis Ellis Drive
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Mayo Surgery Pavilion
If you find that you are not a candidate for surgical weight loss, but are still interested in improving your health through diet and lifestyle changes, you may be interested in meeting with a dietitian through Nash Outpatient Nutrition.
Nash Outpatient Nutrition
A physician referral is required prior to being seen.
Appointments: 252-962-2778
Questions: 252-962-6675
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text:
Saint Francis
at Cumberlands
What: NAIA quarterfinals
Where: Williamsburg, Ky.
When: Noon Saturday
Radio: 1450 AM
FORT WAYNE — So now the Saint Francis Cougars get No. 1.
The Cougars (9-2) will play at top-ranked University of the Cumberlands (Ky.) on Saturday in the quarterfinals of the NAIA football playoffs. Cumberlands is 11-0 and finished the regular season ranked No. 1 after Morningside (Iowa), which had been No. 1 for the first nine weeks, lost to Northwestern (Iowa) 38-28.
This will be the second time Cumberlands and Saint Francis have played in the NAIA playoffs. The Cougars won the previous meeting 31-20 in 2008 at Bishop John M. D�Arcy Stadium.
�Not really a surprise,� Saint Francis coach Kevin Donley said. �I knew we were either going south or west.
�I look forward to the opportunity to go against the No. 1 team in the country. It�ll be a great opportunity for us.�
Saint Francis has won six times in the quarterfinals, while Cumberlands is searching for its first quarterfinals victory. The Patriots, out of Williamsburg, Ky., rank second in the NAIA in scoring with 48.3 poinst per game, fifth in total offense with 487.1 yards per game and first in rushing offense with 362.1 yards per game. They�re averaging 6.6 yards per rush.
�They have been under center triple option, and I also understand they�ve got a little bit of a spread as well,� Donley said. �Got a running back that�s supposed to be a pretty high-round draft choice.�
Freshman quarterback Adam Craig leads Cumberlands with 821 yards and 21 touchdowns, and he has lots of help. Seven Cumberlands players have rushed for 300 yards. Two (Hunter Lewis and D�Angelo Jordan) average 9 and 8.5 yards per rush, and two more (Iquan Deed and quarterback Randy Maynard) average 7.8 and 7.1.
Saint Francis has seen this kind of look before, against triple-option William Penn in the season opener. What separates the Patriots, however, is they aren�t strictly a triple-option team.
�It�s a lot of the same stuff (as William Penn), and in addition they�ll get back in the shotgun with the spread option, and a little wing T,� Donley says. �So they have a lot of preparation things for us to deal with.�
Cumberlands advanced to the quarterfinals with a 56-28 victory over Saint Ambrose in the first round Saturday. Saint Francis advanced with a 20-13 win over Faulkner (Ala.).


text:
- Biophysical and biochemical characterisation of the SMR proteins Hsmr and EmrE (2008)
- The increasing resistance of almost all pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics (multidrug resistance) causes a severe threat to public health. The mechanisms underlying multidrug resistance include the induced over expression of multidrug transporters which extrude a variety of lipophilic and toxic substrates in an energy dependent fashion through the membrane out of the cell. These proteins are found in all transporter families. The work described in this thesis is dedicated to drug-proton antiporters from the small multidrug resistance (SMR) family. These efflux pumps with just four transmembrane helices per monomer are so far the smallest transporters discovered. Their oligomeric state, topology, three dimensional structure, catalytic cycle and transport mechanism are still rather controversial. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to directly address these questions for the small multidrug resistance proteins Halobacterium salinarium Hsmr and Escherichia coli (E. coli) EmrE using a number of biophysical methods such as NMR, transport assays, mass spectrometry and analytical ultracentrifugation. Especially the work on Hsmr has been challenging due to the halophilic nature of this protein. In Chapter 1, key questions and the most important biophysical techniques are introduced followed by Material and Methods in Chapter 2. Depending on experimental requirements, cell free or 'classical' in vivo expression has been used for this thesis. Cell free expression as an option for the production of small multidrug transporters has been explored in Chapter 3. It has been possible to produce the SMR family members Hsmr, EmrE, TBsmr and YdgF in vitro. The expression of Hsmr was investigated in more detail under different experimental conditions. Hsmr was either refolded from precipitate or maintained in a soluble form during expression in the presence of detergents and liposomes. Furthermore, amino acids for which no auxotrophic strains were available could be labelled successfully. This expression system has been also used for preparing labelled samples of EmrE as described in Chapter 9. In vivo in E. coli expression of Hsmr, as described in Chapter 4, provided large amounts of proteins if fermenter production was used. Uniform labelling and selective unlabelling with stable isotopes (13C, 15N) for NMR spectroscopy was achieved in vivo in a more efficient and cost effective manner than using the cell free approach for this protein. Hsmr could be purified successfully from both in vitro and in vivo expression media. Hsmr is expressed in vivo and in vitro with N-terminal formylation. The Nterminal formylation is unstable and Hsmr in the presence of low salt concentrations was amenable to N-terminal degradation. It was found that Hsmr shows longest stability in Fos-ß-choline® 12 and sodium dodecyl sulphate, but best reconstitution conditions were found, when dodecyl maltoside is used and exchanged with Escherichia coli lipids. A molar protein lipid ratio of 1 to 100, amenable to solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, has been achieved. Sample homogeneity was shown by freeze fracture electron microscopy. The oligomeric state of Hsmr in detergent has been assessed by SDS PAGE, blue native PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, analytical ultracentrifugation and laser induced liquid bead ion desorption mass spectrometry (LILBID) as described in Chapter 5. A concentration and detergent dependent monomer-oligomer equilibrium has been found by all methods. The activity of Hsmr under the sample preparation conditions used here was shown using radioactive and fluorescence binding as well as fluorescence and electrochemical transport assays (Chapter 6). For transport studies, a stable pH gradient was generated by co-reconstitution of Hsmr with bacteriorhodopsin and subsequent sample illumination. Based on the observed long term stability of Hsmr in Fos-ß-choline® 12 and sodium dodecyl sulphate, liquid state NMR experiments were attempted in order to assess the correct folding of Hsmr in detergent micelles (Chapter 7). 1D proton and 2D HSQC spectra of U-15N Hsmr revealed a poor spectral dispersion, low resolution and only a small number of peaks. These are at least partly due to long rotational correlation times of the large protein detergent complex. This problem has been overcome by applying solid-state NMR to Hsmr reconstituted into E. coli lipids (Chapter 8). Uniform 13C labelled samples were prepared and two dimensional proton-driven spin diffusion and double quantum-single quantum correlation spectra were acquired successfully. Unfortunately, the spectral resolution was not yet sufficient for further structural studies. Reasons for the observed linebroadening could be structural heterogeneity or molecular motions which interfere with the NMR timescale. Therefore, the protein mobility has been probed using static 2H solid state NMR on Ala-d3-Hsmr. It could be shown, that parts of Hsmr are remarkably mobile in the membrane and that this mobility can be limited by the addition of the substrate ethidium bromide. Ethidium bromide as well as tetraphenylphosphonium (TPP+) is typical multidrug transporter substrates. The membrane interaction of TPP+ in DMPC membranes has been resolved by 1H MAS NMR. It was found that it penetrates into the interface region of the lipid bilayers and therefore behaves like many other transporter substrates adding to the hypothesis that the membrane could act as a pre-sorting filter. Finally, Chapter 9 is dedicated to the characterisation of the essential and highly conserved residue Glu-14 in EmrE by solid-state NMR. In order to avoid spectral overlap, the single Glu EmrE E25A mutant was chosen instead of the wildtype. The protein has been produced in vitro to take advantage of reduced isotope scrambling in the cell free expression system as verified by analytical NMR spectroscopy. Correct labelling of EmrE was tested by MALDI-TOF and solid-state NMR. The dimeric state of DDM solubilised EmrE has been probed by LILBID. The labelled protein was reconstituted into E. coli lipids to ensure a native membrane environment. Activity was determined by measuring ethidium bromide transport. Freeze fracture EM revealed very homogeneous protein incorporation even after many days of MAS NMR experiments. 2D 13C double quantum filtered experiments were used to obtain chemical shift and lineshape information of Glu-14 in EmrE. Two distinct populations were found with backbone chemical shift differences of 4 - 6 ppm which change upon substrate binding. These findings indicate a structural asymmetry at the assumed dimerisation interface and are discussed in the context of a model for shared substrate/proton binding. These studies represent the first successful use of cell free expression to prepare labelled membrane proteins for solid-state NMR and allow for the first time an NMR insight into the binding pocket of a multidrug efflux pump.