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|Foxn1nu (nude) mice are born with functional but faulty hair growth follicles, resulting in a hairless appearance. These mice are also athymic, and consequently homozygous nude mice lack T cells and suffer from a lack of cell-mediated immunity. They can be used in experiments otherwise requiring thymectomy in mice.
Former Names Foxn1nu (Changed: 15-DEC-04 ) Type Congenic; Spontaneous Mutation; Additional information on Genetically Engineered and Mutant Mice. Visit our online Nomenclature tutorial. Additional information on Congenic nomenclature. Mating System Heterozygote x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 21-AUG-08 Breeding Considerations This strain is a challenging breeder. Species laboratory mouse Background Strain C57BL/6J Donor Strain Glasgow stock H2 Haplotype b Generation N50F17 (05-AUG-14)
Generation Definitions
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pigmented, without hair
Related Genotype: a/a Foxn1nu/Foxn1nu
black, unaffected
Related Genotype: a/a Foxn1nu/+ or a/a ?/+
The two main defects of mice homozygous for the nude spontaneous mutation (Foxn1nu, formerly Hfh11nu) are abnormal hair growth and defective development of the thymic epithelium. Although the mice appear hairless, they are born with functional but faulty hair growth follicles. Hair growth cycles and patterns are evident especially in pigmented mice but the faulty follicles do not allow the hair to properly erupt. Homozygous pups can be identified as young as 24 hours by their lack of whiskers or poorly developed, crinkled whiskers. Nude mice are also athymic caused by a developmental failure of the thymic anlage. Consequently, homozygous nude mice lack T cells and suffer from a lack of cell-mediated immunity. However there is not a defect in T-cell precursors, and under the right conditions some functional mature T cells can be found especially in adult mice. Because of a defect in helper T-cell activity, responses to thymus-dependent antigens when detectable are primarily limited to IgM. Homozygous nude mice show partial defect in B cell development probably due to absence of functional T cells. Other endocrine and neurological deficiencies have been reported. The use of nude mice has reduced the number of thymectomy procedures required in research projects. Females are not effective breeders.Ovulation starts late at 2.5 months and ends early at four months.
For heterozygous mice only, this strain ships with a JAXTagTM affixed. Learn more about JAXTagTM.
The Foxn1nu mutation was first recorded by Dr. N.R. Grist at the Virus Laboratory, Ruchill Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland. The mutation arose in a mouse stock that was closed but not inbred. The first seven backcrosses onto BALB were made using BALB/cN and the strain was imported to The Jackson Laboratory from NIH in 1975. It was bred brother (nu/nu) by sister (nu/+) for three generations before adopting the pattern of crossing a nu/nu male to a C57BL/6J female every other generation. The stock was cryopreserved in 1984 by mating nu/nu males at N14F1 to C57BL/6J females.
|Heterozygote from the colony
|Untyped from the colony
|Considerations for Choosing Controls
Strains carrying Foxn1nu allele
000711 CByJ.Cg-Foxn1nu/J 007850 J:NU 002019 NU/J 003118 STOCK Ces1ce Foxn1nu/JView Strains carrying Foxn1nu (4 strains)Strains carrying other alleles of Foxn1
000820 AKR/J-Foxn1nu-str/J 018448 B6(Cg)-Foxn1tm3(cre)Nrm/J 016195 B6(SJL)-Foxn1nu-2J/GrsrJ 012941 B6.129(SJL)-Foxn1tm1.1Dmsu/J 000521 B6.AK-Foxn1nu-str/JView Strains carrying other alleles of Foxn1 (5 strains)
JAX® NOTES, Spring 1997; 469. Helicobacter Infections in Laboratory Mice.
JAX® NOTES, Spring 2006; 501. Choosing an Immunodeficient Mouse Model.
View Related Disease (OMIM) TermsRelated Disease (OMIM) Terms provided by MGI
- Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies involve orthologs. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of those genes appear in the mouse genotype(s).T-Cell Immunodeficiency, Congenital Alopecia, and Nail Dystrophy- Model with phenotypic similarity to human disease where etiologies are distinct. Human genes are associated with this disease. Orthologs of these genes do not appear in the mouse genotype(s).
DiGeorge Syndrome; DGS
View Mammalian Phenotype TermsMammalian Phenotype Terms provided by MGIassigned by genotype
- immune system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- skeleton phenotype
- abnormal compact bone morphology
- reduced cortical bone structure (MGI Ref ID J:145330)
- abnormal trabecular bone morphology
- reduced trabecular bone structure (MGI Ref ID J:145330)
- increased bone mineral density
- increased at 4 weeks of age but declines later (MGI Ref ID J:145330)
The following phenotype information is associated with a similar, but not exact match to this JAX® Mice strain.
- immune system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1+involves: BALB/c
- immune system phenotype
- blepharitis
- more severe and lasting longer following infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- increased incidence of corneal inflammation
- develop stromal keratitis 8 days after infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 while homozygous and wild-type mice display only slight corneal cloudiness (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- increased susceptibility to viral infection
- following infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 young mice (7-10 weeks of age) develop more severe ocular disease and develop severe extra ocular disease not seen in controls (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- extraocular disease is less severe than in homozygous mice (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- extensive herpetiform spread is seen, in some cases the tissue damage is so severe that the skull is exposed (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- vision/eye phenotype
- blepharitis
- more severe and lasting longer following infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- corneal vascularization
- detected 8 to 14 days after infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394in heterozygotes but not in wild-type or homozygous mice (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- increased incidence of corneal inflammation
- develop stromal keratitis 8 days after infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 while homozygous and wild-type mice display only slight corneal cloudiness (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- corneal vascularization
- detected 8 to 14 days after infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394in heterozygotes but not in wild-type or homozygous mice (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal thymus morphology
- thymus lobes are rimmed to a varying degree with brown fat tissue and often asymmetrical in shape (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- abnormal thymus morphology
- thymus lobes are rimmed to a varying degree with brown fat tissue and often asymmetrical in shape (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- abnormal thymus morphology
- thymus lobes are rimmed to a varying degree with brown fat tissue and often asymmetrical in shape (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- immune system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- small thymus (MGI Ref ID J:7330)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: NMRI
- integument phenotype
- abnormal coat/ hair morphology
- sulfur content of the hair fibers is reduced (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- abnormal hair shaft morphology
- hair shafts from the flank show multiple fractures, are twisted, crippled and bent, and locally thickened by numerous fusiform bulges (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- hair shafts below the epidermis are composed of globular and discontinuous conglomerates of horny material (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- most shafts fail to reach the epidermal surface and those that do are weak and fragile (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal hair cortex morphology
- abnormal hair cortex keratinization
- impaired (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal hair cuticle
- reduced hair shaft melanin granule number
- pigment granules are only randomly detected in the hair cortex (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal cutaneous collagen fibril morphology
- fibrils are more tightly packed than in controls (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal epidermal layer morphology
- half-desmosomes attaching basal cells to the subjacent basal lamina are irregularly spaced with only scantly tonofilaments attached to them (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal epidermis stratum basale morphology
- cells contain only few and small bundles of tonofilaments (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology
- highly irregular, with areas of large piles of horny substances and projected corneocytes alternated with regions of only few and extremely attenuated corneous layers (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- the skin surface looks rough because of bizarrely formed and projected corneocytes (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- the lamellae are irregularly shaped and detached from one another, with intercellular contact lost over large areas (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- the interior of the corneocytes has an inhomogeneous appearance (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- the layer is loosened with increased distance from the granular layer (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology
- markedly reduced number and thickness of tonofilament bundles (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal hair follicle morphology
- abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology
- missing irregularly in the zone of final hardening (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- abnormal nail morphology
- abnormal nail matrix morphology
- the matrix region is severely altered (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- some suprabasal cells show increased cytoplasm often associated with multiple intracytoplasmic vacuoles (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- keratinocytes high in the spinous layer show striped cytoplasm (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the matrix zone is thinner and extends farther toward the distal tip of the nail (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the ventral epithelium of the proximal nail fold and the suprabasal cells of the nail matrix lack keratin 1 immunoreactivity and show abnormal expression of filaggrin (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- keratohyalin granules of irregular size and shape are present in the cytoplasm of the suprabasal keratinocytes and insert into the aggregated tonofilaments disturbing filament aggregation (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- abnormal nail plate morphology
- the nail plate is compact and narrows toward the tip of the nail (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the nail plate is markedly thinner at both the proximal nail fold and the tip of the nail (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- nail plates consist of smaller, elongated superficial squames with slightly irregular surfaces and serrated borders (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the nail plate appears basophilic (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the dorsal nail plate separates from the hyponychium but bends toward the ventral side and breaks off (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- sulfur content of the nail plate is reduced (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- deformed nails
- blunt, broken, irregularly formed ends (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- nail dystrophy (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- short nails
- embryogenesis phenotype
- abnormal embryonic tissue morphology
- the cervical duct has not narrowed and the third cleft covers only the dorsal part of the third branchial pouch at E1.5 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- the ectoderm of the third cleft covers only the distal extremity and a small part of the cranial and caudal walls of the third pouch at E11.5 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at the end of the 11th day the pharyngo-branchial duct is reduced to a thin cord of cells that later disappears and the cervical duct also degenerates (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- *normal* endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- the structure of the parathyroid is identical to controls at E16 and E17 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- abnormal thymus development
- at E12 the ectoderm covers only the mid-portion of the ventral and external surfaces of the endoderm (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at E12.5 the primitive thymus is essentially endodermal with the ectodermal portion confined to the cranial region (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- between E12 and E14 the volume of the thymus merely doubles rather than growing exponentially as in controls and the epithelial mass does not increase from E14 to E16 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at no time is the epithelium invaded by lymphoid cells (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal thymus development
- at E12 the ectoderm covers only the mid-portion of the ventral and external surfaces of the endoderm (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at E12.5 the primitive thymus is essentially endodermal with the ectodermal portion confined to the cranial region (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- between E12 and E14 the volume of the thymus merely doubles rather than growing exponentially as in controls and the epithelial mass does not increase from E14 to E16 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at no time is the epithelium invaded by lymphoid cells (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- pigmentation phenotype
- reduced hair shaft melanin granule number
- pigment granules are only randomly detected in the hair cortex (MGI Ref ID J:466)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- abnormal thymus development
- at E12 the ectoderm covers only the mid-portion of the ventral and external surfaces of the endoderm (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at E12.5 the primitive thymus is essentially endodermal with the ectodermal portion confined to the cranial region (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- between E12 and E14 the volume of the thymus merely doubles rather than growing exponentially as in controls and the epithelial mass does not increase from E14 to E16 (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
- at no time is the epithelium invaded by lymphoid cells (MGI Ref ID J:6363)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuBackground Not Specified
- mortality/aging
- partial postnatal lethality
- premature death
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- abnormal thymus morphology
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- small ovary (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- growth/size/body region phenotype
- decreased body size (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- decreased body weight (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- postnatal growth retardation (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- liver/biliary system phenotype
- abnormal liver morphology
- reproductive system phenotype
- abnormal estrous cycle
- many females exhibited continuous dioestrus and metaoestrus phases (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- asthenozoospermia (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- coiled sperm flagellum
- many sperm had coiled tails (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- female infertility
- severely reduced fertility (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- reduced male fertility (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- small ovary (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal Peyer's patch germinal center morphology
- absent (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- abnormal lymph node T cell domain morphology
- virtual absence of small lymphocytes in the thymus dependent area and the post-capillary venules are often thin walled and empty (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- abnormal spleen morphology
- abnormal thymus morphology
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- decreased leukocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:5059)
- integument phenotype
- absent vibrissae
- absent at birth (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- hairless
- short vibrissae
- older mice show repeated growth and loss of short and wavy vibrissae (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- thin skin
- reduction in skin thickness at 3 weeks of age, corresponding to the catagen stage of normal skin (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- wavy vibrissae
- older mice show repeated growth and loss of short and wavy vibrissae (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- behavior/neurological phenotype
- impaired spatial learning
- longer latency during the acquisition and reversal phases in a Morris water maze (MGI Ref ID J:90695)
- in the extinction phase spend more time in the training quadrant and are less able to recall data from the previous day's training (MGI Ref ID J:90695)
- replenishing mice with T cells from wild-type mice improves performance in a Morris water maze (MGI Ref ID J:90695)
- cardiovascular system phenotype
- abnormal venule morphology
- in the thymus dependent area of the lymph nodes the post-capillary venules are often thin walled and empty (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- abnormal spleen morphology
- abnormal thymus morphology
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:202296)
- decreased leukocyte cell number (MGI Ref ID J:5059)
- cellular phenotype
- coiled sperm flagellum
- many sperm had coiled tails (MGI Ref ID J:5043)
- immune system phenotype
- decreased susceptibility to parasitic infection
- mice showed no sign of lesion development for up to 12 to 14 weeks post-infection; after 20 weeks, all lesions remain small (MGI Ref ID J:64283)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: BALB/c
- mortality/aging
- increased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality
- only 2 mice survived for more than 10 days after infection and 90% of mice die by 14 days post infection (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal circulating cytokine level
- mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin-induced liver damage and decreased circulating cytokine levels, including TNF, unlike similarly treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating interleukin-2 level
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating interleukin-6 level
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating tumor necrosis factor level
- mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin-induced liver damage and circulating cytokine levels, including TNF, unlike similarly treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- blepharitis
- more severe following infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- decreased interferon-gamma secretion
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased susceptibility to bacterial infection
- mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin-induced liver damage and decreased circulating cytokine levels, including TNF, unlike similarly treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- increased susceptibility to viral infection
- increased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality
- only 2 mice survived for more than 10 days after infection and 90% of mice die by 14 days post infection (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- abnormal circulating cytokine level
- mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin-induced liver damage and decreased circulating cytokine levels, including TNF, unlike similarly treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating interleukin-2 level
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating interleukin-6 level
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- decreased circulating tumor necrosis factor level
- mice are resistant to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin-induced liver damage and circulating cytokine levels, including TNF, unlike similarly treated wild-type mice (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- ascites
- develop within 4-8 weeks of plasma cell transplant; ascites contains many plasma cells, some of which are multinucleated and contain high levels of IgA (MGI Ref ID J:40405)
- decreased circulating alanine transaminase level
- following exposure to Pseudomonas aerugiosa exotoxin (MGI Ref ID J:50903)
- integument phenotype
- abnormal nail morphology
- nail phenotype is 100% penetrant (MGI Ref ID J:173664)
- tumorigenesis
- increased plasmacytoma incidence
- plasma cells isolated from BALB/c/C57BL/6 mice generate plasmacytomas in pristane-treated BALB/c nude mice within 4-8 weeks (MGI Ref ID J:40405)
- cellular phenotype
- chromosomal instability
- plasmacytomas generated are near-tetraploid and contain the t(12;15) translocation (MGI Ref ID J:40405)
- vision/eye phenotype
- blepharitis
- more severe following infection with HSV-1 strain CJ394 compared to controls (MGI Ref ID J:12543)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: C57BL/10Sn * C57BR/cd
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal thymus development
- at E16 in the thymic rudiment TR3+ cells are absent and the number of TR4+ and TR5+ cells are reduced (MGI Ref ID J:7898)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- abnormal thymus development
- at E16 in the thymic rudiment TR3+ cells are absent and the number of TR4+ and TR5+ cells are reduced (MGI Ref ID J:7898)
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- abnormal thymus development
- at E16 in the thymic rudiment TR3+ cells are absent and the number of TR4+ and TR5+ cells are reduced (MGI Ref ID J:7898)
- integument phenotype
- abnormal nail morphology
- abnormal nail matrix morphology
- the matrix region is severely altered (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- some suprabasal cells show increased cytoplasm often associated with multiple intracytoplasmic vacuoles (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- keratinocytes high in the spinous layer show striped cytoplasm (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the matrix zone is thinner and extends farther toward the distal tip of the nail (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- the ventral epithelium of the proximal nail fold and the suprabasal cells of the nail matrix lack keratin 1 immunoreactivity and show abnormal expression of filaggrin (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- keratohyalin granules of irregular size and shape are present in the cytoplasm of the suprabasal keratinocytes and insert into the aggregated tonofilaments disturbing filament aggregation (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
- abnormal nail plate morphology
- nail dystrophy (MGI Ref ID J:94187)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: C57BL/10
- muscle phenotype
- abnormal muscle morphology
- elevation in hydroxyproline in the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles on a per muscle and wet weight basis at 3 weeks of age but not at 24 weeks of age (MGI Ref ID J:95776)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: CD-1
- endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- *normal* endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype
- impact of immobilization stress on luteinizing hormone level is reduced compared to heterozygous controls (MGI Ref ID J:106251)
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:106251)
- homeostasis/metabolism phenotype
- abnormal circulating gonadotropin level
- impact of immobilization stress on luteinizing hormone level is reduced compared to heterozygous controls (MGI Ref ID J:106251)
- immune system phenotype
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:106251)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- athymia (MGI Ref ID J:106251)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: CBA
- immune system phenotype
- abnormal T cell activation
- abnormal lymph node morphology
- very few theta isoantigen expressing cells are detected in the lymph nodes (MGI Ref ID J:202808)
- abnormal spleen physiology
- fewer plaque forming cells per spleen and when normalized to the number of nucleated spleen cells following immunization with sheep red blood cells (MGI Ref ID J:202299)
- decreased leukocyte cell number
- decrease in the number of agranulocytes (lymphocytes plus monocytes) in the peripheral blood in older mice (MGI Ref ID J:202299)
- increased length of allograft survival (MGI Ref ID J:202299)
- hematopoietic system phenotype
- abnormal T cell activation
- decreased leukocyte cell number
- decrease in the number of agranulocytes (lymphocytes plus monocytes) in the peripheral blood in older mice (MGI Ref ID J:202299)
Foxn1nu/Foxn1nuinvolves: NIH SwissView Research ApplicationsResearch ApplicationsThis mouse can be used to support research in many areas including:
Foxn1nu related
Dermatology Research
Skin and Hair Texture Defects
Endocrine Deficiency Research
Adrenal Cortex Defects
Skin Defects
Thyroid Defects
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
T cell deficiency
Internal/Organ Research
Thymus Defects
Research Tools
Cancer Research
xenograft/transplant host
Immunology, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Research
T cell deficiency
|Allele Symbol
|Allele Name
|Allele Type
|Spontaneous (Null/Knockout)
|Common Name(s)
|Foxnlnu; Whn-; hairless; nu;
|Strain of Origin
|albino stock
|Gene Symbol and Name
|Foxn1, forkhead box N1
|Gene Common Name(s)
|D11Bhm185e; DNA segment, Chr 11, Boehm 185, expressed; FKHL20; HNF-3/forkhead homolog 11; Hfh11; RONU; Rnu; WHN; nu; nude;
|Molecular Note
|A single base pair (G) deletion in exon 3 introduces a frameshift and a premature stop codon. The encoded protein is predicted to terminate upstream of the DNA-binding domain. [MGI Ref ID J:21194]
Genotyping ProtocolsFoxn1nu, End Point Analysis
Foxn1nu, Pyrosequencing
Foxn1nu, Restriction Enzyme Digest
Helpful LinksGenotyping resources and troubleshooting
Cordier AC; Haumont SM. 1980. Development of thymus, parathyroids, and ultimo-branchial bodies in NMRI and nude mice. Am J Anat 157(3):227-63. [PubMed: 7405870] [MGI Ref ID J:6363]
Dubey JP; Liddell S; Mattson D; Speert CA; Howe DK; Jenkins MC. 2001. Characterization of the Oregon isolate of Neospora hughesi from a horse. J Parasitol 87(2):345-53. [PubMed: 11318565] [MGI Ref ID J:109880]
Flanagan SP. 1966. 'Nude', a new hairless gene with pleiotropic effects in the mouse. Genet Res 8(3):295-309. [PubMed: 5980117] [MGI Ref ID J:5043]
Gonzalez M; Merino R; Gonzalez AL; Merino J. 1995. The ability of B cells to participate in allogeneic cognate T-B cell interactions in vitro depends on the presence of CD4+ T cells during their development. J Immunol 155(3):1091-100. [PubMed: 7636182] [MGI Ref ID J:109914]
Hirasawa T; Yamashita H; Makino S. 1998. Genetic typing of the mouse and rat nude mutations by PCR and restriction enzyme analysis. Exp Anim 47(1):63-7. [PubMed: 9498115] [MGI Ref ID J:46550]
Jenkinson EJ; Van Ewijk W; Owen JJ. 1981. Major histocompatibility complex antigen expression on the epithelium of the developing thymus in normal and nude mice. J Exp Med 153(2):280-92. [PubMed: 6940949] [MGI Ref ID J:109960]
Kaestner KH; Knochel W; Martinez DE. 2000. Unified nomenclature for the winged helix/forkhead transcription factors. Genes Dev 14(2):142-6. [PubMed: 10702024] [MGI Ref ID J:59917]
Kaushik A; Kelsoe G; Jaton JC. 1995. The nude mutation results in impaired primary antibody repertoire. Eur J Immunol 25(2):631-634. [PubMed: 7875225] [MGI Ref ID J:23271]
Nehls M; Pfeifer D; Schorpp M; Hedrich H; Boehm T. 1994. New member of the winged-helix protein family disrupted in mouse and rat nude mutations. Nature 372(6501):103-7. [PubMed: 7969402] [MGI Ref ID J:21194]
Pantelouris EM. 1968. Absence of thymus in a mouse mutant. Nature 217(126):370-1. [PubMed: 5639157] [MGI Ref ID J:5059]
Segre JA; Nemhauser JL; Taylor BA; Nadeau JH; Lander ES. 1995. Positional cloning of the nude locus: genetic, physical, and transcription maps of the region and mutations in the mouse and rat. Genomics 28(3):549-59. [PubMed: 7490093] [MGI Ref ID J:28409]
Balciunaite G; Keller MP; Balciunaite E; Piali L; Zuklys S; Mathieu YD; Gill J; Boyd R; Sussman DJ; Hollander GA. 2002. Wnt glycoproteins regulate the expression of FoxN1, the gene defective in nude mice. Nat Immunol 3(11):1102-8. [PubMed: 12379851] [MGI Ref ID J:79949]
Carvalho TL; Mota-Santos T; Cumano A; Demengeot J; Vieira P. 2001. Arrested b lymphopoiesis and persistence of activated b cells in adult interleukin 7(-/)- mice. J Exp Med 194(8):1141-50. [PubMed: 11602642] [MGI Ref ID J:72213]
Cui Z; Willingham MC; Hicks AM; Alexander-Miller MA; Howard TD; Hawkins GA; Miller MS; Weir HM; Du W; DeLong CJ. 2003. Spontaneous regression of advanced cancer: identification of a unique genetically determined, age-dependent trait in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(11):6682-7. [PubMed: 12724523] [MGI Ref ID J:83618]
VanCott JL; McNeal MM; Flint J; Bailey SA; Choi AH; Ward RL. 2001. Role for T cell-independent B cell activity in the resolution of primary rotavirus infection in mice. Eur J Immunol 31(11):3380-7. [PubMed: 11745356] [MGI Ref ID J:72616]Foxn1nu related
Aikawa T; Whipple CA; Lopez ME; Gunn J; Young A; Lander AD; Korc M. 2008. Glypican-1 modulates the angiogenic and metastatic potential of human and mouse cancer cells. J Clin Invest 118(1):89-99. [PubMed: 18064304] [MGI Ref ID J:130809]
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Animal Health ReportsRoom Number AX30
Colony Maintenance
Breeding & Husbandry The immunodeficiencies of homozygous Foxn1nu make them highly susceptible to disease and indigenous organisms. Consequently it is preferable to maintain them in defined-flora or pathogen-free environments. Using proper housing techniques can increase the lifespan of nude to one similar to that of normal littermates. Culling extra normal littermates may increase the survival rate of the homozygous Foxn1nu. However, do not decrease litter size below five (or it may cause a decrease in lactation of nursing female). Homozygotes can be distinguished from heterozygous siblings by whisker formation. Mating System Heterozygote x Heterozygote (Female x Male) 21-AUG-08 Breeding Considerations This strain is a challenging breeder. Diet Information LabDiet® 5K52/5K67
|Pricing for USA, Canada and Mexico shipping destinations
Weeks of Age Price per mouse (US dollars $) Gender Genotypes Provided 6 weeks $215.75 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 7 weeks $220.05 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 8 weeks $224.35 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 9 weeks $228.70 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 10 weeks $233.00 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 11 weeks $237.35 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 12 weeks $241.70 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 4 weeks $211.40 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 5 weeks $211.40 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 6 weeks $215.75 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 7 weeks $220.05 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 8 weeks $224.35 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 9 weeks $228.70 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 10 weeks $233.00 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 11 weeks $237.35 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 12 weeks $241.70 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu
Price per Pair (US dollars $) Pair Genotype $431.50 Heterozygous for Foxn1nu x Heterozygous for Foxn1nu
Standard Supply
Level 4. Up to 10 mice. Larger quantities or custom orders arranged upon request. Expected delivery up to one to three months.
Supply Notes
- For Heterozygous mice only, this strain ships with a JAXTagTM affixed. Learn more about JAXTagTM.
- Shipped at a specific age in weeks. Mice at a precise age in days, littermates and retired breeders are also available.
|Pricing for International shipping destinations
Weeks of Age Price per mouse (US dollars $) Gender Genotypes Provided 6 weeks $280.50 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 7 weeks $286.10 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 8 weeks $291.70 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 9 weeks $297.40 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 10 weeks $302.90 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 11 weeks $308.60 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 12 weeks $314.30 Female or Male Heterozygous for Foxn1nu 4 weeks $274.90 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 5 weeks $274.90 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 6 weeks $280.50 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 7 weeks $286.10 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 8 weeks $291.70 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 9 weeks $297.40 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 10 weeks $302.90 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 11 weeks $308.60 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu 12 weeks $314.30 Female or Male Homozygous for Foxn1nu
Price per Pair (US dollars $) Pair Genotype $561.00 Heterozygous for Foxn1nu x Heterozygous for Foxn1nu
Standard Supply
Level 4. Up to 10 mice. Larger quantities or custom orders arranged upon request. Expected delivery up to one to three months.
Supply Notes
- For Heterozygous mice only, this strain ships with a JAXTagTM affixed. Learn more about JAXTagTM.
- Strains that require genotyping are only offered at five weeks of age and older. The time required for sample collection, assay, reporting, and completion of USDA documentation required for international purchases make distribution of younger mice prohibitive. Mice at a precise age in days, littermates and retired breeders are also available. Mice older than 10 weeks of age can be requested by contacting JAX® Mice & Services.
Level 4. Up to 10 mice. Larger quantities or custom orders arranged upon request. Expected delivery up to one to three months.
|Heterozygote from the colony
|Untyped from the colony
|Considerations for Choosing Controls
|Control Pricing Information for Genetically Engineered Mutant Strains.
In case of dissatisfaction for a valid reason and claimed in writing by a purchaser within ninety (90) days of receipt of mice, products or services, JACKSON will, at its option, provide credit or replacement for the mice or product received or the services provided.
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