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The show, entitled Far Hills: Images of the Tennessee Residence, runs at the Craft Center for a week, beginning on Wednesday, April 19. An opening reception will be held from 5:30 to 7 p.m. that day.
"This is a traveling exhibition featured in art venues throughout the state to raise awareness of the renovation project," said Gail Looper, the Craft Center's gallery manager. "The Craft Center has been selected as the only Middle Tennessee venue between Nashville and Knoxville to present it."
Centerpiece of the show is an exhibition of paintings and drawings by Tennessee artist Charles Brindley depicting the executive home and grounds, where Tennessee governors since 1949 have lived while in office.
Original works, prints and note cards by the artist will be available for sale during the opening reception at the Craft Center.
Another component of the event is the Brindley Scholar Art Contest for high school students. Regional high school students, whose work has been selected by their schools, will participate in the competition, to be judged during the Craft Center's April 19 opening reception and through the run of the show until the 26th.
Cash prizes for first, second and third place will be awarded by Conte, and the first place winners from all the state's venues hosting the Far Hills exhibition have an opportunity to be judged for the final $1,000 grand prize.
The Tennessee Arts Commission is providing prize money for this component of the show.
Proceeds from the weeklong exhibition will be split between The Tennessee Residence and the Craft Center.
The Restoration and Preservation of The Tennessee Residence was initiated in 2003 by Gov. Bredesen and First Lady Conte in an effort to preserve the history and integrity of The Tennessee Residence. This event marks what will be the first significant work to the house since it was built more than 70 years ago.
"Sponsors for the Far Hills exhibition and reception to be held at the Craft Center have made it possible for the event to be free and open to the public. We can't thank them enough for their generous support," said Ward Doubet, Craft Center director.
Those sponsors include Jon A. Beasley and Dr. Walter E. Derryberry, M.D.; Budd H. Bishop Art Studio; Bradley Printing, LLC; Budweiser of Cookeville; Cantrell Financial Services – Jerry D. Cantrell, president; Community Bank of Cookeville; County Cabin Liquors; First Tennessee Bank; O'Mara and Johnson, Attorneys at Law; Paula's Restaurant; Pepsi Bottling Group; Jackie Smith, State Farm Insurance Agent; Stella Luna Gallery; Walkway Café; Williams Wholesale Supply and Lighting Center; and Winnell Lee Lumber Co. Inc.
The Craft Center is located approximately six miles from Interstate 40 at Exit 273 (Smithville/McMinnville). Go south toward Smithville on Highway 56 and turn left immediately after crossing Hurricane Bridge.
For more information, call 615/597-6801 or 931/372-3051 or visit the Craft Center web site at www.tntech.edu/craftcenter.


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Rydges Perth
The greatest superhero of all time has to be Superman – and he wore his undies on the outside! Every year the streets of WA turn purple with local superheroes taking the challenge to wear the iconic purple bra on the outside of their clothes to raise money for people affected by breast cancer. After raising over $420,000 in 2013, Purple Bra Day 2014 is Friday June 20. All funds raised go towards providing practical, financial and emotional support for those affected by breast cancer in WA.
This year the target is $500,000 and Breast Cancer WA is calling on all Wesern Australians – male and female, young and old, to help reach that target. There are lots of ways you can assist.
You can:
- Go to the Purple Bra Day website and register to be a hero
- Support a local hero of your choice and donate via the website
- Hold a Purple Bra Day fundraising event at work or at home
You don't have to go shopping - Breast Cancer WA has thousands of 'hero packs' with bras in all sizes, but only one colour, to send to participants.
From 7:00am to 4:00pm on June 20 there will be tin rattling around the city for donations and there will be a marquee with branded merchandise in Murray Street Mall.
If you are out and about rattling a tin, feel free to drop in to Rydges Perth – who knows, you might even find some strapping lads behind the bar in purple bras whipping up an appropriately coloured cocktail.
The photo shows the Purple Bra team from Ten's Eyewitness News - Narelda Jacobs, Tim Gossage and Michael Schultz.

subset: commoncrawl


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Prisoners of a Dream, by Leo Raditsa
Terrorism in Southern Africa
Prisoners of a Dream: The South African Mirage. Historical Essay on the Denton Hearings.
by Leo Raditsa.
Prince George Street Press. 467 pp. $25.95 (paper).
For five days in March 1982, Jeremiah Denton (who was then a Republican Senator from Alabama) held hearings on "The Role of the Soviet Union, Cuba, and East Germany in Fomenting Terrorism in Southern Africa." The hearing room was frequently crowded with activists, the curious public, and the press, but very little that was said there, especially by young black Africans who had escaped the terrorism and wanton brutality of the African National Congress (ANC) and the Southwest African People's Organization (SWAPO), ever appeared in the general media. Leo Raditsa, a classicist by training, was so outraged by what he took to be further evidence of a systematic cover-up in the service of a disinformation campaign aimed at advancing Soviet purposes in southern Africa that he wrote this book.
Raditsa describes his work as a "historical essay on the Denton hearings," and it is historical indeed, reaching back to the first Dutch settlers in South Africa in 1652, offering an account of the Anglo-Boer War, the unification of South Africa in 1910, and much else—all interspersed with references to the developments of the last few years. The result, however, is a frequently disjointed book that does not actually get to the Denton hearings until page 373, and then the reader encounters what amounts to an abbreviated transcript interwoven with running editorial comment on the evils of Communism.
It would be easy to dismiss Prisoners of a Dream, and I expect it will be generally dismissed where it is not totally ignored. Its prolixity is off-putting and its frequent intemperance of judgment is not reassuring. One wishes, for example, that Raditsa had explored more thoroughly interpretations other than that the United States has willy-nilly collaborated with the Soviet Union in undermining freedom in southern Africa. For instance, former Assistant Secretary of State Chester Crocker's negotiation for the withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola and for the independence of Namibia may not be the great diplomatic achievement many have deemed it to be, but Raditsa is hardly convincing in portraying Crocker as a confidence man manipulating "the language of mirage" on behalf of a State Department determined to advance its sinister schemes by taking charge after "Reagan lost control of his foreign policy." Nor, for that matter, is Jonas Savimbi, the leader of the UNITA insurgency in Angola, quite the unalloyed champion of humane and democratic values that Raditsa seems to think. One could equally well question other interpretations here that are asserted rather than argued.
Yet it would be a mistake to dismiss Prisoners of a Dream. Raditsa is surely right that events in southern Africa are subject to widespread misconceptions which more often than not play into the hands of the declared enemies of democratic freedom. No sensible person can doubt that intellectuals in the West are, as Raditsa writes, often "fascinated by totalitarian violence," and are therefore inclined to excuse or discount the terrible things that Communists do and threaten to do. More importantly, the book provides a great deal of information on ideology, alliances, and behavior of groups like the ANC and SWAPO, and the eyewitness testimonies from the Denton hearings speak with a compelling urgency that must not be ignored.
Raditsa may be right in believing that, Gorbachev notwithstanding, the Soviet Union has not changed one whit in its expansionist designs on southern Africa. Maybe, too, what is thought to be the Crocker triumph will turn out to have been a mirage. Possibly Savimbi has been double-crossed, and it could be that Fidel Castro has every reason to believe he can keep his troops in Angola as long as they are needed to maintain totalitarians in power. Perhaps it is true, finally, that the United States, inadvertently or otherwise, has sabotaged the efforts of the South African government to move peacefully toward a more just society beyond apartheid.
These dour judgments and others may turn out to be justified—but maybe not. Prisoners of a Dream would have been more persuasive had it engaged, even if to refute, the arguments for measured hope (very measured hope) that southern Africa has in the last several years been moved a little closer toward the prospect of stability with something like democratic freedom. Of course all the returns are not in and will not be for a very long time, but Raditsa's dismissal of that measured hope reflects a style of anti-Communism that lends unwarranted credibility to the apocalyptic revolutionism of the anti-anti-Communists who will likely pay him no mind.


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דפדפו למטה על מנת לעיין בכתבות קודמות שפורסמו במגזין "מקו ועד תרבות" בחודשים האחרונים. קריאה מהנה!
"The content is not hidden in the things themselves, it is between the things."
- Georges Braque
"Hafatzim" is a growing Israeli company that produces and markets home accessories. Our uniqueness is in the everyday utility of each object, the simple, clean lines, the natural fibers and materials and the detailed attention to the handmade. Quietly beautiful, easily blended into the rooms of your home, "Hafatzim" furniture, rugs, lighting, kitchenware, linens and accessories have a magic that simply can't be explained. The Hebrew word "hafatzim" has two divergent branches of meaning: one is "objects," "things" or "belongings"; the other is "wishes" or "desires." We, at "Hafatzim," feel we've brought together these two meanings to create "objects of desire," things that each of us wish for and need, in our homes and in our lives. When we opened "Hafatzim" in Israel in 1993, our goal was to create a new line of home accessories, working with both local and international artisans. Today we produce home accessories in Israel, Egypt, Italy, southern France, India, China, Thailand and Vietnam. We sell "Hafatzim" products at our Tel Aviv store in the lovely Neve Tzedek neighborhood, in Jerusalem and through our catalogues. We also sell "Hafatzim" wholesale to hotels, stores and retail chains, restaurants and other business establishments at special rates. The unity at "Hafatzim" comes from our distinctive combination of the Mediterranean and the Eastern - in the lines, in the colors, and in the blending together of beautiful fabrics and materials in all of our products. And in that blend is the elusive magic we wish to bring to you, the quiet, harmonious dialogue between objects and their environment. The dialogue between object and light, climate, need and way of life - that is the result we strive for at "Hafatzim."
The Hebrew version includes a monthly lifestyle magazine, highlighting guidelines to the best in contemporary culture. The Magazine, "from Line to Culture", deals with design, architecture and life culture derived from a conception which emphasizes the fact that culture reflects on the objects we use and vice versa. The magazine wishes to open minds in subjects such as Interior Design, Architecture, Literature, Music, Fashion, Culinary etc., and contains serious and educating articles of professional writers in each field.
The Magazine includes also a localized index of objective recommendations – from a handyman to a restaurant.
Thinking what people really need in the daily life, the Magazine also includes a section for useful tips and ideas for various scopes of everyday life.
The English site is not complete. Today, the site contains "Hafatzim" virtual store, but does not include the content platform, that exists only in Hebrew.
Judith BarFounder and CEOTel Aviv
"Hafatzim" Neve Tzedek27 Shlush St. Tel Aviv ISRAELTel: +972-3-517-8744Fax: +972-3-510-4802Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
For directions click here
"Hafatzim" Jerusalem13 Ben Shatach St.Jerusalem, ISRAELTel: +972-2-623-3240Fax: +972-2-623-3240Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
"Hafatzim" Online
Tel: +972-74-704-0355


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- About
- Academics
- Admissions & Aid
- Student Life
- Athletics
- Giving
- Evening/Graduate
- Alumni
- News
Bethlehem, Pa., April 26, 2010—The Accounting Club at Moravian College honored three outstanding alumni on Sunday, April 25 at its Annual Accounting Club Student & Alumni Awards Dinner. Michael J. Gallagher '58 and Keith R. Bachman '88 and were presented with the Pinnacle Award, given to business or accounting alumni who have achieved outstanding business success. Michael A. Caffrey III '05 received the Young Accountant Alumni Award.
Gallagher has been a certified public accountant since 1962 and is now a partner with ParenteBeard, LLP (formerly Beard Miller Company). Bachman, CPA, CVA, is also a partner at ParenteBeard, which serves Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Maryland, Delaware and Texas. Caffrey, CPA, is the audit supervisor at McGladrey & Pullen, LLP.
Awards and scholarships were also formally presented to accounting majors. Alessandra Valdetara '10, Butler, N.J., received the PA Institute of Certified Public Accountants (PICPA) Outstanding Senior Award, while juniors Hongbo Hannah Yang '11, China, Erinn L. Hess '11, Bethlehem, Pa., and Allison DeNuzzie '11, Stewartsville, N.J., were granted the Lehigh Valley PICPA Scholarships. Other honored seniors included Douglas C. Miller '10, Leesport, Pa., awarded the Outstanding Senior Award from the Institute of Management Accountants (IMA); Philip M. Spence '10, Lafayette, N.J., the Outstanding Senior Award from the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA); and Michael Bishop '10, Nazareth, Pa., the Grossman Accounting Award to Outstanding Senior. The Lucas Accounting Award, given to juniors, went to Chrystie Giangiobbe '11, Bethlehem, Pa., Taylor Sperduto '11, Oldwick, N.J., Gregory Rittenhouse '12, Easton, Pa., and Christopher Y. Youn '11, Yardley, Pa. Mary K. Kearney '11, East Stroudsburg, Pa. was named the Becker CPA 2010-11 Campus Representative, following last year's representative Alessandra Valdetara.
The Moravian College Accounting Club was chartered on March 16, 1993 as a Student Chapter of the Institute of Management Accountants. The club is committed to advancing the academic and professional careers of students. Students better understand the accounting profession and business through guest speakers, field trips, and other programs. The club also helps non-accounting students by giving them exposure to business and shows them how they can be successful in their future career through a number of talks relating to career opportunities.


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Photo by James Park
Monthly Archives: September 2010
Photo by James & Gil
1 comment
October 4, 2010 - 5:00 PM
Photo by James & Gil at Jericho Terrace
1 comment
September 22, 2010 - 6:57 AM
It's truly amazing to see how you can capture the raw emotions of a couple and still make them look good. (Candid photos are truly hard to master.) Love how your couples still look beautiful without having to be posed! Great job 2BE team!
Photo by James Park
1 comment
June 2, 2011 - 3:15 AM
[…] All photos by: JAMES PARK at 2BePhoto […]


text: Home- Offices and Services- Dean of the College- Administrative Advising- Housing Issues including Roommate Conflicts Housing Issues including Roommate Conflicts Roommate conflicts can arise and students who are in situations where they believe a conflict exists should first consult with their RA, CC, or Apartment Manager if an initial conversation with the roommate(s) is unproductive.. If the issue can not be resolved by working with the roommate and the RA, CC, or Apartment Manager, the student should seek their REC (Residential Education Coordinator) for further mediation. Administrative advisers may be consulted if conflicts are affecting a student's ability to complete their academic work. However, decisions made regarding the housing situation are referred back to Residential Life. Offices and Services Accounting and Control Campus Safety Commencement Communications Office Counseling Center Dean of the College Sexual Climate Initiatives Administrative Advising University Standards and Student Conduct Bias, Harassment, and Sexual Misconduct Resources Communicating an Incident or Concern Hazing Academic Honor Code Academic Awards Staff Document Services Environmental Health and Safety Equity and Diversity Facilities (B&G) Finance and Administration Grants Information Health Sciences Advising Health Services Information Technology Institutional Planning and Research International Student Services Libraries Mail Services Provost/Dean of Faculty Purchasing Registrar Treasurer's Office RELATED LINKS


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By Jim GaramoneAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, April 8, 1999 Operation Allied Force pilots flew more than 400 sorties April 7, attacking 28 targets in Serbia and Kosovo, NATO officials said, and the pilots had a "major breakthrough" in attacking Serb armored vehicles in the field.
"We were able to locate and attack several [Serb armored] units," said NATO spokesman British Air Commodore David Wilby during a news conference in Brussels, Belgium. "In one attack we were able to drop weapons on a column of between seven and 12 vehicles, with complementary visual evidence of success from the cockpit."
U.S. Air Force Maj. Gen. Charles F. Wald, vice director for Strategic Plans and Policy on the Joint Staff, said in an April 7 Pentagon news conference that the aircraft making the attack were Air Force A-10s, British Harriers and, for the first time, U.S. Navy aircraft from the USS Theodore Roosevelt.
NATO pilots continue to concentrate on Serb military forces, fuel, bridges and roads, command and control facilities and the air defense system. Pilots also attacked industrial targets that could be used to sustain military forces. "We are making every effort to minimize collateral damage," Wald said. "We look at every target with that in mind."
The Navy announced yesterday that the USS Nassau Amphibious Ready Group will remain on station in the Adriatic past its scheduled May 13 return home, Pentagon spokesman Navy Capt. Mike Doubleday said. "I think there is an appreciation, certainly amongst the crews, that the operations that they're involved in are critical," he said. The group will continue to support the air campaign and will provide personnel to aid Kosovar refugees.
Progress has also been made on the refugee front. NATO forces in Macedonia moved around 35,000 refugees from makeshift sites on the border to tent cities constructed by NATO troops in Macedonia. About 1,000 members of the 24th Marine Expeditionary Unit also arrived in Macedonia to help construct tent cities for other refugees. Wald said current estimates put the number of refugees in and around Kosovo at about 1.3 million since March.
Wald said the first of 20,000 ethnic Albanian Kosovar refugees will start toward Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba within the next few days. "We're ready right now to take 400 [refugees]," he said. "In the next week we think we can take about 1,700 to 2,000, and within 30 days about 10,000; then over a 30- to 60-day period, up to 20,000."
U.S. Southern Command has a team at Guantanamo Bay preparing a reception area for the refugees, Joint Staff officials said. All efforts are being made to keep families together during the process, they added.
At NATO Headquarters, spokesman Jamie Shea said the alliance has identified three mass graves in Kosovo from refugee reports. "NATO governments are trying to get more information on another 27 alleged incidents of atrocities," he said. There have also been reports of Serb forces using ethnic Albanian men as human shields.
Shea said NATO is solidly behind rejecting Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic's offer of a cease-fire. "A cease-fire is, of course, necessary, but it is not sufficient," he said. "It cannot simply wipe the slate clean and take us back to the status quo ante, particularly as a cease-fire says nothing about the actions of those paramilitary units in Kosovo we believe are directly responsible for the systematic looting of homes, the burning of homes and forced expulsions of Kosovar Albanian civilians."
Shea said NATO leaders have put five key questions to Milosevic that were not answered in the call for the cease- fire: Is Milosevic set for a verifiable cessation of all combat activities and killings? Is he prepared to withdraw all military, police and paramilitary units from Kosovo? Will he agree to the deployment of a NATO-led security force? Will he permit the return of all refugees and unimpeded access for humanitarian aid? Is he prepared to put in place a political framework for Kosovo on the basis of the talks in Rambouillet, France?
"And so we very much hope that the next time President Milosevic gets back in touch, he will answer those specific questions," Shea said.
Until then, NATO attacks will continue, and they appear to be going very well. "From what I've seen in the reports, it's going along well," said the Joint Staff's Wald. "We are being successful at performing the military mission we've been given -- to degrade the [Milosevic's Yugoslav army and special police] capability ... .
"I think if you look at the array of targets and the amount of damage we're doing to his sustainment, his lines of communication, and his integrated air defense system and command and control, we are definitely degrading his capability. It's a matter of how much of that degradation he wants to sustain and how long it will take. But I would say it's going along very, very well."


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5 fun things to do this weekend, August 10 - 12
Events taking place in your area
Jamaica 50th Independence Celebration
United Sports & Social Club is presenting the Jamaica 50th Independence Celebration this Sunday at the Meyer Amphitheater in West Palm Beach. It will be a fun-filled day for the entire family with gospel music, cultural activities, reggae music, and more. For more information, click here.
Paws2Help One Day Sale
Paws2Help is hosting a One Day Sale this Sunday from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. Most items are new and include pet products, collectibles and home goods, like lamps, pots for your garden, tables and purses. All proceeds benefit the animal shelter. For more information, call (561) 712-1911.
Women's Roller Derby Bout
The South Florida Rollergirls will be taking on the Bradentucky Bombers from Bradenton on Sunday at Skatetown USA in Fort Pierce. Tailgating starts at 4 p.m. with music and BBQ. Doors open at 5:30 p.m., and the bout will start at 6 p.m. Admission is $10 at the door and kids under 12 free! This is a family friendly event that is fun for all ages! Face painting available, along with a skater meet-and-greet after the bout! For more information, click here.
Family Fun Day and Book Drive by Flagler Bank benefiting Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League is taking place this Saturday from 11 a.m to 2 p.m. Come on out to 555 Northlake Blvd. in North Palm Beach for great food, fun, bounce houses, pet adoptions and a book drive. All new or used books collected will be resold at Books for a Buck for $1 - $3 and proceeds from the book sales will be donated to Peggy Adams Animal Rescue League. This is a free, pet friendly event.
Global Invasion: Juliana | Contemplation
See Juliana Polanskaya at Delray's Arts Garage this Friday at 7:30 p.m. The event is a fusion of classical, contemporary and international songs presented in an original blend of jazz and ethno arrangements. For more information, click here.


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Nursing Home Reports
Consumer Information Reports
Did you know that KABC's Consumer Information Reports (CIR) are more comprehensive than any other online nursing home report? Even the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) nursing home compare website lacks much of the data that only KABC can provide.
KABC's reports for Kansas nursing homes contain:
KABC is the only source in Kansas for detailed information about Assisted Living and other licensed care homes in Kansas. Reports contain:
Consumer Information Reports are available by mail, phone, or email:
Kansas Advocates for Better Care
In Lawrence, call: 785-842-3088 toll-free outside of Lawrence: 800-525-1782
Click to email: email@example.com
Print out our publications order form from our website.
Please be sure to include your name, address and phone number when ordering.
There is no set cost for these reports. We only ask a donation to help cover costs involved in maintaining our database, as well as printing/mailing cost.
County Comparison Reports
Kansas Advocates for Better Care offers summary reports by county to help you compare information about all licensed care homes in any Kansas county. These reports include:
There is no set cost for these reports. We ask only for a donation to help cover the cost of maintaining our database, as well as covering the cost of printing and mailing reports.
To order, please identify the Kansas county or counties you prefer and:
Call KABC
Email us: email@example.com
Print out our publications order form
Mail to:
When ordering, be sure to include your name, mailing address and telephone number on all correspondence.


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Gear Question
I'm 5'11" 160 lbs. I wear a 10.5 size boot,...
I'm 5'11" 160 lbs. I wear a 10.5 size boot, would you suggest going with a 157w or 158?
I ride a +15/0 stance if that makes a difference
The waist width of the 158 regular is 29.4 cm, and the waist width of 157 wide is 26.2 cm, so the 158 regular is a bit wider. You should be fine with the 158 regular, I'm fairly certain that Ride's wide boards are made for 11+ boot sizes.
View More Details on Ride Machete Snowboard


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Skip to Main Content
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Home » Tools for Writers » MFA Programs » Drew University
Ross Gay, Aracelis Girmay, Joan Larkin, Anne Marie Macari, Jane Mead, Mihaela Moscaliuc, Alicia Ostriker, Patrick Rosal, Ira Sadoff, Gerald Stern, Jean Valentine, Michael Waters, Ellen Doré Watson, Jean Valentine, Judith Vollmer
Scholarships, Work Study
This program features a visiting writers series. Students can earn an MFA in poetry, poetry in translation, or a combination of both.
Applicataions are reviewed on a rolling basis. The priority application deadline for the January start term is November 15; the priority application deadline for the June start term is May 1.


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"CORSLEY, a parish in the hundred of Warminster, in the county of Wilts, 3 miles W. of Warminster, its post town, and the same distance E. of Frome. It is situated on the borders of Somersetshire, and contains the townships of Great and Little Corsley. The living is a rectory* in the diocese of Salisbury, value £215, in the patronage of the Marquis of Bath. The church, dedicated to St. Margaret, is in the early English style, and has been lately rebuilt, chiefly at the expense of the late Marquis of Bath. The charities produce £9 per annum. The Wesleyans and Baptists have each a chapel, and there is a National school."
[Description(s) from The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland (1868) - Transcribed by Colin Hinson ©2003]
- St Margaret of Antioch & St Mary, Deep Lane, Church of England
Church Records
- St Margaret of Antioch & St Mary, Deep Lane, Church of England
- St Mary, Church of England
- St Philip and St John, Chapmanslade, Church of England
- Baptist Chapel, Chapmanslade, Other
- Baptist Chapel, Other
- Congregational Chapel, Chapmanslade, Other
- Methodist Chapel, Other
You can also perform a more selective search for churches in the Corsley area that are recorded in the GENUKI church database. This will also help identify other churches in nearby townships and/or parishes. You also have the option to see the location of the churches marked on a map.
Common to all parishes is a Key to Abbreviations and a description of Church Records and Indexes for Wiltshire, including a complete Marriage Index for the county.
Indexes and registers of the parish church of Corsley, St Margaret of Antioch & St Mary:
- WSRO registers: Chr 1686-1978, Mar 1686-1973, Bur 1686-1881
- Wiltshire Index Service Burials 1795-1803
Indexes and registers of the church of Chapmanslade, Lower Meeting Independent:
(Chapmanslade is 1 mile North of Corsley)
- IGI Chr 1765-1837 Batch C077681
- A transcription of the section for Corsley from
the National Gazetteer (1868).
- The entry for Corsley from
A Vision of Britain through time.
- Ask for the gazetteer for a calculation of the distance from Corsley to another place.
- The entry for Corsley from British History Online.
- View maps of Corsley and places within its boundaries.
Population was 1,729 in 1831, 745 in 1951.


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Sounds a lot more fun than mowing the lawn. She is a Lady with her priorities in order
Forum Rules
We do have available High quality Arowana fishes.
These arowana fishes are Grade a Asian Red, super
My Guppies in my tank are getting out of control,
so i need to sell them to anyone locally. I do not ...
Hi, up for sale are two pair of young adult The
Northern Mountain Swordtail ('nezzies'). The
'wild' ...


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Remember the childhood rhyme: Fuzzy Wuzzy Was a Bear. Fuzzy Wuzzy had no Hair. Fuzzy Wuzzy wasn't Fuzzy, Was He? I never really understood what it meant either, but it was an appealing saying for a kid who loved soft and fuzzy stuff such as the down on a newly hatched chick, the velvety-soft nose of a horse, or the furriness of a pussy willow catkin (at right).
Whether you're young or old, the presence of fuzzy stuff in your garden is still fun — from plants to fuzzy butterfly caterpillars! Sensory gardens, childrens' gardens, wildlife gardens — these are all gardening styles that by nature include many fuzzy wuzzies as part of the sensory immersion of visitors in the sounds, scents and textures of the garden.
Here are a few fuzzy wuzzy plants suitable for habitat gardens because they all provide food or shelter of some kind to wildlife:
Silver Sage 'Hobbit's Foot' (Salvia argentea), growing here in the Lerner Garden for the Senses at Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens. The small tubular blooms of Sage/Salvia attract many pollinators to their nectar, but this variety features distinctively soft and silvery foliage inviting to the touch:
If your garden contains plenty of host plants for butterfly and moth caterpillars, you'll probably find lots of fuzzy caterpillars! Below is a fuzzy milkweed tussock moth caterpillar curled up on these Lamb's Ear (Stachys byzantina), with leaves as soft as a baby lamb's ear:
Lamb's Ear is one of my favorite garden plants for bees — their purple flowers are rich in nectar and much loved by bumble bees, especially. Lamb's Ear is native to the Middle East but does well in New England gardens where it can spread to form a short groundcover that contrasts nicely with other perennials. I like to use it as edging for perennial beds:
There are lots of different furry moth species out there, including tussock and tiger moths (which include the familiar woolly bear caterpillars), but be very careful about touching them. Some people can get a rash by touching the hairs…
The native staghorn sumac shrub (Rhus typhina) carries large fuzzy red seed clusters high on its branches — they persist well into winter, when they feed birds and provide some much-appreciated color to the landscape. Sumac branches are furry, too:
The soft fiber (called floss) attached to milkweed seeds invite you to feel their silky strands:
What child hasn't tried their best to puff all the fluff off a dandelion in a one big huff?
Cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) sports furry "cinnamon sticks" that are dramatic in appearance as well as soft to the touch — ruby-throated hummingbirds often use bits of these brown fronds as a soft lining for their nests:
Do you have fuzzy wuzzies in your garden that delight the senses and nurture wildlife? I can think of many others, including the native boneset (Eupatorium perfoliatum) with its hairy stems, southeastern native shrub fothergilla with its fuzzy bottle-brush flowers (below), and the furry late-winter buds of Asian magnolia tree. Please share some others!
Don't Miss! Ellen Sousa's Book (click image for more information)
© 2012 – 2014, Ellen Sousa. All rights reserved. This article is the property of BeautifulWildlifeGarden.com We have received many requests to reprint our work. Our policy is that you are free to use a short excerpt which must give proper credit to the author, and must include a link back to the original post on our site. Please use the contact form above if you have any questions.


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At this same time last year, I was unaware of what I've been missing my whole life: I'd never had an artichoke. I've had a lot of catching up to do, … [Read more...]
Be Berry Healthy this Summer
I love strawberries...especially when they're in close proximity to chocolate. But really, they're one of the best summertime berries because they are … [Read more...]
On my a.m. run today, my girlfriend had her panties in a wad over her husband gobbling up all of her Whole Foods Two-Bite Chocolate Chip Cookies. She … [Read more...]
How One Burger Joint Can Destroy Your Taste Buds
Sodium is a big health issue and not a day goes by that we hear about this or that company reducing the sodium in their food products. Just today, … [Read more...]
Eating in Azerbaijan is NOT for the Squeamish
This article is from guest RD blogger, Valerie M. Houghton, who is living in Baku, Azerbaijan. I know, you probably are thinking, Azerba-where? In … [Read more...]
What to Eat in Paradise…
So, I just returned from a brief holiday that can be summed up in one word: ridiculous. One of my good friends (whom I will refer to hereafter as "My … [Read more...]
The New Arab-Israeli Conflict:Huge Hummus!
I love hummus. I have several packages of it in my refrigerator at all times. I like the creaminess of Sabra's Roasted Red Pepper, the authenic taste … [Read more...]
Lunch at Farmstead Restaurant in Napa
I had family visiting this past weekend so we popped up to Napa and Sonoma counties for some wine tasting. Because I rarely drink, I was the … [Read more...]


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Seattle Seahawks & NFL News
Seattle Seahawks news, including Seattle Seahawks trades, statistics, roster and draft news, Hawks and NFL rumors, game scores and game schedule information
Posts filtered on Tag
Marshawn Lynch causes another Beast Quake in Seahawks' win over Saints
Seahawks running back Marshawn Lynch is famous for making the ground shake with his 67-yard "Beast Quake" touchdown run three years ago against the Saints in the NFL playoffs. On Saturday, he did it again. It wasn't the spectacular TD run he had in January 2011, when the 7-9 Seahawks sneaked into the playoffs and […] [Read More]


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Matthew Desher, 43, of Ames was charged on a Union County warrant for third-degree theft 4 p.m. Thursday at Union County Law Enforcement Center.
According to a Creston Police report, Desher purchased goods and services from Farm and Home, 408 S. Sumner Ave. Desher wrote a check in the amount of $806.93 in exchange for said goods and services. The check was drawn on the Iowa State Savings Bank. The check was then returned by the local bank marked "account closed." No arrangements had been made for payments of the check. The merchant incurred service charges in the amount of $30, and notification expenses in the amount of $6.11. The total amount due was $843.04.
Desher was being held in Union County Jail on $2,000 bond.
Welfare check, 1:37 p.m., Thursday, North Pine Street.
Warrant, 3:41 p.m., Thursday, North Pine Street.
Traffic stop, 6:48 p.m., Thursday, West Howard Street.
Reckless driving, 7:17 p.m., Thursday, North Cherry Street.
Traffic stop, 7:35 p.m., Thursday, West Townline Street.
Welfare check, 9:24 p.m., Thursday, Wyoming Avenue.
Welfare check, 10:34 p.m., Thursday, West Union Street.
Traffic stop, 10:55 p.m., Thursday, North Poplar Street.
Assistance, 11:24 p.m., Thursday, North Pine Street.
Suspicious vehicle, 12:19 a.m., today, Wyoming Avenue.


text:
Happy International Volunteer Day!
Dear Uniterra volunteers in the field, returned volunteers and volunteers in Canada, we wanted to mark this 10th anniversary by making a video in your honor! If you only had to remember in a few words the message in this video presented by Michel Chaurette, director of Uniterra, it would probably be these: On behalf of the Uniterra team and our 140 partners in the South, I want to "Thank you."
So we invite you to watch this video, as well as read an article about the UN's State of the World's Volunteerism Report, which is released today.
Happy International Volunteer Day!
Click here to watch this video in Spanish


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I saw The Wolverine and the Mac Pro ad was featured. It kinda threw me off from the usual ads for popcorn, refreshments, and upcoming crappy movies.
Apple teases fall release for new Mac Pro with ad in movie theaters
Apple is now showing a teaser for the new Mac Pro in movie theaters. The video is apparently a slightly tweaked version of the one shown at WWDC this year, according to MacRumors:
According to reports from several people who have seen the teaser, it ends with the line "Fall 2013," offering the first concrete hint of when the redesigned Mac Pro might launch. At WWDC, Apple gave a "later this year" release date.
The new Mac Pro was originally teased at WWDC 2013 in June when Apple said it would be coming later this year. Taken literally, Apple's declaration of "Fall 2013" focuses the Mac Pro's release date to potentially any time from September 22nd through December 20th. Apple debuted two new Macs in October of 2012: the new iMac and the 13-inch MacBook Pro with Retina display. If past is prologue, Apple may repeat the cycle this year with the Mac Pro, but time will tell.
Let us know if you've seen the teaser in the theater, and what movie you were going to see.
Source: MacRumors
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Reader comments
Apple teases fall release for new Mac Pro with ad in movie theaters
Same thing happened to me, I was kinda shocked to see an ad for a computer in a movie theater .
Thang is HOT!
I want it, and I shall have!


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Expanding our economic horizon through alternative energyWritten by Dan Johnson | | email@example.com
Just as bad money drives out good money, bad news seems to trump the good news nearly every day. And there is plenty of bad news.
Every day this summer, we have followed the tragic saga of the BP oil leak in the Gulf. We have listened to those working on the leaking well and the cleanup; we have heard from those who are working to protect the coastal environment and those whose livelihoods are derived from the Gulf; we have watched BP and government officials position themselves to minimize the economic and political fallout; and we have wondered about the long-term consequences of the spill.
While listening to the news about the Gulf oil spill, I have often wondered what a similar spill would do to the Arctic Ocean and ANWAR with all the additional complications of freezing temperatures, extreme weather, limited accessibility, thick ice and the summer ice floes. I have visited the oil installations on the North Slope and have been impressed by all the safety precautions in place; however, those same precautions were presumably in place in the Gulf, but were insufficient to prevent this tragic environmental catastrophe. All the economically feasible safety precautions in the world cannot guarantee that such spills will not occur in the future.
While it is too early to know all the consequences of this environmental tragedy, I strongly suspect — along with many others — that this incident will or should accelerate the research and development of clean energy and particularly solar energy. Even those whose livelihoods are rooted in fossil fuels know that we cannot afford — financially or ecologically — oil spills such as the one under way this summer and the Exxon Valdez tragedy off the coast of Alaska that seems like yesterday for those involved.
There is good news afoot that could well impact Toledo and the regional economy: alternative energy research and development.
The largest alternative energy conglomerate in the world is Masdar, located in Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. On July 22, the CEO of Masdar, His Excellency Dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, came to UT where he received an honorary doctorate of science in recognition of his global leadership in advancing alternative energy. As one of America's leading universities in photovoltaic and alternative energy research and development, it was fitting and appropriate for UT to recognize the tremendous investment being made by the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the leadership of the Masdar initiative under the direction of Al Jaber.
I was very pleased with UT's recognition of Al Jaber, for several reasons: First, it is rare for any university to search out and recognize the work of others in a field where it seeks preeminence. But UT did just that. This act points to the importance of collaboration in the advancement of science and this is particularly true in the field of alternative energy. Second, this act recognizes the global nature of the development of alternative energy. An American university located in the Midwest recognizing the outstanding global leadership of a Middle Eastern institution and its CEO is a positive move and symbolizes the importance of mutual respect. Third, the ceremony at which the honor was bestowed brought with it an occasion where leaders in this field could meet and discuss important issues related to the advancement of science and innovation in alternative energy.
Since coming to the United Arab Emirates, I have had many occasions to interact with Al Jaber. I know there are few, if any, individuals anywhere in the world working harder to advance the research and development of alternative energy. Those who know him admire and respect his driving motivation to advance the alternative energy agenda. He has surrounded himself with other highly motivated individuals and is strongly supported by the Abu Dhabi leadership and government. It was appropriate that UT — which itself is a national leader in alternative energy — recognized a true global leader in this increasingly important and interdependent field.
Where will all this lead? It is difficult, if not impossible, to say. For me, the award of this honorary degree stands on its own as a single act that is justified on its own merits. But I can also imagine that UT will continue to search out global leaders in alternative energy, develop connections, share knowledge and technology, collaborate in advancing the science needed for continued development and thereby advance its own interests here in Toledo, Northwest Ohio and the nation.
The Gulf oil spill, the Exxon Valdez and the scores of less dramatic but significant spills elsewhere all point to the urgent need for the United States and the other nations of the world to develop as rapidly as possible economically sustainable clean energy. UT can be a major player in this changing energy paradigm.
When UT President Lloyd Jacobs asked Al Jaber if he had any advice for UT, he responded by saying that the university needs to do a better job of "telling its alternative energy story."
Jacobs readily agreed, as do I. I also believe that the events of July 22 honoring Al Jaber of Masdar is an excellent first step in this direction.
Dan Johnson is provost and chief operating officer of Zayed University, United Arab Emirates and president emeritus of UT.
Tags: Bridge to Dubai, Dan Johnson, Dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, Masdar


text:
Mystery Case Files: Huntsville is a hidden-object game with a detective theme.
suitable. In short, Mystery Case Files ... intriguing detective story and interesting
Scary hidden object game in which you have to help a mother find her kids.
kids! As she enters this mysterious ... . The story is ... game In short, Mirror Mysteries
Your sister has disappeared while she was studying at The Magic Academy.
the concealed mystery of the ... . Time is short, so it
Mind's Eye: Secrets Of The Forgotten is a creepy hidden-object game.
intended for kids. Throughout the ... follow the story. The scenes ... variety. In short, Mind's Eye


text: "Midwesterner Rachel Ries' womanly voice wanders wryly through her alternately folky and jazzy melodies and chord progressions, exploring in a less-mannered fashion some of the same territory with which Jolie Holland has found success. Sometimes it's hard to put your finger on just what makes a singer-songwriter special, but it sounds to me like Ries is." -Jeff Rosenberg, Willamette Week, Portland


text:
2012-13 Chattanooga Men's Basketball Preseason Quotes
Head Coach John
Opening Statement:
"It's an exciting time of the year. We're getting ready to start Friday. We're excited to get after it and get last year's taste out of our mouth. Our kids have been working extremely hard. It's time to get on the court and get a consistent effort every day so we can start learning and heading in the right direction."
On if there is a
different energy:
"It's night and day. All of our freshman have no idea what happened last year and they couldn't care less about what happened. They're excited about this year. They've gotten so much better through the summer and through the fall. I'm really looking forward to having them on the court. They've been working hard. We've gone through weights and conditioning. We've gone through a boot camp which was awesome. So it's a completely different air."
On if he hopes the
freshmen's lack of experience will impact the guys coming back:
"I'm not sure how much the guys coming back were involved in our season. Drazen Zlovaric had a great year. Z Mason was having a great year and then went out with a knee and missed seven or eight games. Rico White had a great year. Dontay Hampton had a great year and then had a bad summer when he tore his ACL. I think we have a completely fresh basketball team. Completely opposite of last year. I'm not saying anything bad about our team last year, we just couldn't finish games. I'm saying we have a completely different team and a completely different attitude."
On how many freshman
are expected to contribute:
"It wouldn't shock me if we started two freshmen. Four of them for sure are going to contribute. You worry about putting freshman on the court because they have no experience. I wouldn't want to play against Casey Jones and Gee McGee right now. They'll fight you. They're competitive guys. Casey Jones came in weighing 175 lbs and weighs 194 lbs now. He's a 6-foot-5 194-pound 3-man in our league. He look like a legitimate 3-man. He's become a man. Gee McGee is a 6'4 205 lb. 2-man that will compete like I've never seen a freshman compete. We've got talented, young kids. We play five games in nine days to open the season. There was a rhyme and a reason for that. They're going to get five games of experience to start the season. We're hoping that by the Dr. Pepper Classic that we've basically got sophomores out there instead of freshmen. They're not going to be watching, they'll be playing."
On Gee McGhee:
"Gee McGhee, that's one tough guy. He doesn't care. He's nasty. This summer he became our vocal leader. You don't expect a freshman to be a vocal leader, but he was our vocal leader. He's a unique blend. He's got a big smile off the court but he'll kill you on it. That's what you want."
On if playing five
games in nine days to start the season was planned:
"We knew that we were going to play those. I just didn't know Dontay was going to tear his ACL. We're very limited at the point. Farad Cobb is top 40 point guard in the country, but I don't know if he expected to play 40 minutes right off the bat. But he's going to play and it's going to be great for him. I think if people will come out and watch our team, from the first second on, they are going to see a completely different basketball team. Last year we had a bad year, but those were the same kids that won the North division two years ago. We're going to get back to where we were our first year. We're going to defend. We're going to rebound. We're going to be hard-nosed and athletic. And we're going to be tough."
On if he tries to
forget last year or use last year for motivation:
"All the freshmen who will be playing, they don't know. They couldn't care less. But I use it as motivation. I have a tough time forgetting. I have a tough time remembering the good times, and I can't forget the bad times."


text:
LTen is an Edmonds based Real Estate Photographer who covers the general Seattle and greater Puget Sound region.
Portraits in a variety of poses and backgrounds will capture the look you want to convey, whether professional or personal.
Northwest Fine Art Photography
Fine art photography from the Pacific Northwest available on canvas, metal or print.
" For the gold medal standard of customer service, call LTen Photography "


text:
KINGSTON, R.I. -- January 30, 2003 -- The University of Rhode Islands College of the Environment and Life Sciences is launching a new plant science education program designed to teach students in grades 6-8 about plant growth and development through hands-on activities. Modeled after the National Junior Master Gardener program, the new program will also incorporate teaching resources in environmentally sustainable horticultural practices and the importance of agriculture in Rhode Island.
The program will be introduced at a workshop for teachers and youth group leaders on Saturday, March 15 from 9 a.m. to noon at URIs East Farm in Kingston. Pre-registration is required by Feb. 24. The workshop costs $40.
"The centerpiece of the Junior Master Gardener program is a high quality teacher guide filled with group and individual learning activities that can be integrated into math, science, social studies and language arts lessons," said Ernest Morreira, Cooperative Extension educator at URI and the workshop organizer. "The program not only teaches about plants, but it inspires career exploration, service learning and leadership development."
During the workshop, participants will review the science concepts and teaching methods contained in the curriculum guide. Discussions will be held about gardening, food science, and commercial agriculture in Rhode Island. Participating teachers and youth group leaders will also learn how to compost with worms, propagate plants, force flowering bulbs, and more.
For more information or to register for the workshop, contact the URI Cooperative Extension Education Center at (401) 874-2900 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Copyright © 1999
University of Rhode Island
For more information about this site, contact firstname.lastname@example.com
File last updated: Thursday, January 30, 2003
The University is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer.
All rights reserved. URL: http://www.uri.edu/news/


text:
An elongated blank (10) is used to form a thermally insulated cup (30). The blank includes a pair of spaced apart smooth portions (12, 13) connected by a middle portion (11). The blanks may have chamfered or trimmed comers to reduce the amount of waste on the sheet from which they are cut. The smooth portions are folded on opposite sides of the middle portion. The middle portion is corrugated or otherwise distorted or deformed to create air space. The folded sheet is wound around a mandrel to form a cylinder or conoid. The ends of the smooth portions are joined together, and a bottom closure (14) is attached to form the cup. The finished cup includes a smooth outer shell (12S), a smooth inner shell (13S), and a middle layer (11L) sandwiched therebetween. The middle layer forms many air spaces between the shells to thermally insulate the contents of the cup, and also provide structural strength. The outer shell may have embossing for greater resistance to slippage through one's hands and better insulating properties. The cup can be constructed of paper, which makes it biodegradable and recyclable, and its simple construction method makes it easy and inexpensive to manufacture using standard, conventional machinery. One, two, or all three layers of the cup's sidewall may be rolled over to form a top rim with added rigidity. In an alternative embodiment (FIG. 5A), the starting blank may have the insulating portion (34) at one end instead of the middle, and it is suitably folded so that the insulating layer comes out as a middle layer (FIG. 6A). In another embodiment, the insulating portion (34') may be provided as a separate piece of insulating material. In another embodiment, the starting blank has just two sections (FIG. 7A) and it is similarly folded and wound so that the cup has two layers, an outer deformed layer (34) and an inner smooth layer (32).
1. An insulating cup, comprising:
an enclosing sidewall having a lower end and an open top,
a bottom sealing said open end,
said sidewall comprising three layers, namely an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer,
said middle layer comprising insulating material, said outer layer having deformities which provide insulating air space adjacent said outer layer, said inner and outer layers being formed from a folded sheet.
2. The insulating cup of claim 1 wherein said outer layer is shorter, in the direction of said lower end to said open top, than said inner layer, such that said outer layer covers less than 100% of said outer layer, thereby saving material.
3. The cup of claim 1 wherein said deformities of said outer layer comprise an embossed design, thereby providing a message.
This invention is an improvement upon that of U.S. Pat. No. 5,363,982 to C. E. Sadlier, granted Nov. 15, 1994. This application is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of application Ser. No. 08/641,213, filed Apr. 30, 1996 now patent 5,660,326, granted Aug. 26, 1997, which in turn is a CIP of application Ser. No. 08/516,913, filed Aug. 18, 1995, now abandoned.
1. Field of Invention
This invention relates generally to disposable containers, specifically to an insulated cup made of sheet material.
2. Prior Art
There are three main types of disposable cups now in use: polystyrene, expanded resin, and paper.
Polystyrene cups are aesthetically pleasing, but they can be used only for holding cold drinks, and are not biodegradable or easily recyclable.
Cups of expanded synthetic resin material, sold under the trademark Styrofoam, are excellent thermal insulators, so that they can maintain the temperature of a drink, whether hot or cold, for long periods of time. They are comfortable to handle because their exteriors stay close to ambient temperature, regardless of the temperature of the drink. However they are environmentally unfriendly because they are not biodegradable or easily recyclable. As a result, they are being banned from many municipalities.
Standard single-layer paper cups are recyclable and biodegradable and therefore more environmentally sound. However they are poor thermal insulators, so that a beverage in a paper cup quickly warms (if cold) or cools (if hot). They are also uncomfortable to handle because a hot or cold drink can burn or uncomfortably cool a hand. Also a cold drink will cause condensation to appear on the outside, making a paper cup slippery and difficult to hold. Their single-layer construction makes them fragile, so that large cups filled with liquid easily crumble after prolonged handling.
Multi-layered paper cups have been designed for providing thermal insulation and increased strength. U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,661,889 to Phinney (1948), 4,993,580 to Smith (1991), 5,092,485 to Lee (1992), and 5,205,473 to Coffin (1993) show three-layered cups with smooth outer and inner shells, and a corrugated middle layer. The corrugated layer provides air pockets or spaces for thermal insulation and added strength to withstand prolonged handling.
Although strong and thermally efficient, these cups are all expensive and impractical to manufacture because their three layers are formed separately and then assembled together. This requires at least three adhesive joints for the forming the layers into "tapered cylinders" (conoids), two adhesive joints for assembling the layers together, and an adhesive joint for attaching the bottom. Some cups require even more adhesive joints. The liberal use of glue renders the cups difficult or impossible to recycle. The layers are usually formed from blanks cut separately from sheets, so that they do not make the most efficient use of paper and machinery time. Furthermore, the extra steps slow the production process, prevent the cups from being made on standard, existing cup-forming machinery. Also they increase manufacturing overhead and direct labor allocation, so that the prior-art cups are expensive. As a result, these cups have never achieved commercial success.
Although similar in its multilayered design, conventional corrugated boxboard also has never achieved commercial success for use in forming conoidal drinking cups because its layers are permanently fixedly adhered to one another. This makes it physically impracticable to bend or wrap boxboard into a smooth conoidal shape.
Often establishments selling very hot or cold beverages in paper cups will use double or nested cups to avoid the above problems of single paper cups, but doubling cups is time consuming and expensive.
The above Sadlier patent discloses a three-layered cup having smooth outer and inner layers and a corrugated middle layer, all formed of one continuous sheet wound in a spiral. Although more economical to manufacture than prior-art cups, this cup preferably is made by unidirectionally winding three layers on a spinning mandrel. It therefore cannot be readily manufactured by existing mass production cup-forming machinery, which typically wraps a cup's sidewall blank vertically into a conoidal shape, around a non-spinning mandrel.
The cup of the above Sadlier patent, and the cups of the above CIP applications, while a major improvement over existing cups, have an outer layer or shell which sometimes tends to slip down through the holder's fingers, especially when filled with liquid. Also such cups' insulating properties, while far superior to existing cups, especially considering the amount of material used, are not as great as possible. Further, such cups are not as comfortable to hold as is desirable since the area of contact between the holder's fingers and the cup is large, resulting in a relatively large amount of heat transfer, making the cup less comfortable to hold when it contains cold or hot liquid. In addition, prior-art-single-walled cups usually are printed on the outside to show graphics or the trademark of their manufacturer or a fast-food chain that dispenses them; such printing uses ink that consumes natural resources, makes recycling more difficult, and requires an extra step in production for printing. Such single-walled cups cannot be embossed instead of printed with such graphics or trademarks since their single-walled construction may leak when they are embossed. Another disadvantage of the cups of the Sadlier patent is that they are made of paper blanks which are cut from large sheets in a manner which leaves relatively large wasted areas or trimmings left on the blank. Finally these cups are not as rigid as possible and can be crushed or folded by squeezing them with less force than would be desirable.
Objects and Advantages
Accordingly, several objects and advantages of the invention are to provide a cup which (a) is thermally insulating for comfortable handling and for maintaining the temperature of its contents, (b) is sturdy enough to withstand prolonged handling, (c) can be made of biodegradable and recyclable materials, (d) is easy and inexpensive to manufacture, (e) can be made by existing machinery, (f) has less tendency to slip down through a holder's fingers, especially when filled with liquid, (g) has greater insulating properties, (h) can be cut from a large sheet in a manner which leaves less waste areas or trimmings on the sheet, (i) is more rigid and resistant to crushing or folding, (j) provides a reduced area of hand contact when held so as to reduce the amount of heat transmission, either when filled with cold or hot liquid, (k) can be embossed on the outside with graphics or a trademark, and (l) does not have to be printed so as to save ink, natural resources, production costs, production steps, and make recycling easier.
Other objects are to provide an insulated cup which is simpler in construction, more economical to fabricate, can be fabricated in a variety of ways, does not require unidirectional winding on a spinning mandrel, and can be fabricated in one continuous in-line production process (from folding the blank to wrapping it around a mandrel to form a cylindrical or conoidal shell).
Further objects and advantages will become apparent from a study of the following description and the accompanying drawings.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, a thermally insulated cup is formed from one continuous, homogeneous sheet of paper having two spaced-apart smooth end or outer portions connected by a corrugated or otherwise deformed and insulating middle portion. The smooth end portions are folded over opposite sides of the corrugated portion. The folded sheet is wrapped or bent around a mandrel to form conoidal inner and outer shells that sandwich the corrugated portion therebetween. The ends of each smooth portion are sealed together. A bottom closure is attached to the inner shell. The resulting three-layered cup is strong, offers good thermal insulation for comfortable handling and for-maintaining the temperature of its contents, and can be formed on existing machinery. Alternatively the continuous sheet may be formed of separate sections which are adhered together. Further, the corrugated or otherwise insulating portion can be an outer, rather than a middle, portion. Moreover the starting sheet can have two portions, so that after folding, it is wrapped into a two-layered insulated cup, with the corrugated layer on the outside. In the three-layered embodiment, the outer shell may have embossing for greater resistance to slippage through one's hands and better insulating properties. The sidewall blanks may have chamfered or trimmed comers to reduce the amount of waste on the sheet from which they are cut, and one, two, or all three layers of the cup's sidewall may be rolled over to form a top rim with added rigidity.
FIG. 1A is a plan view showing the components, in blank sheet form, for making a three-layered insulated cup employing a one-piece side component having a middle corrugated section, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 1B is an edge view of the blank sheet components of FIG. 1A.
FIG. 1C is a plan side view similar to FIG. 1A, but where the side component is initially in three parts.
FIG. 2A is an enlarged edge view of the side component of FIG. 1A after folding, a stage in manufacturing.
FIG. 2B is a top view of the side component after wrapping into a conoidal shape, another stage in manufacturing.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged top sectional view of the finished cup.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged side sectional view of the finished cup.
FIG. 5A is a plan view of a blank sheet for making a three-layered insulated cup employing a one-piece side component having an end corrugated section, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5B is an edge view of the blank sheet of FIG. 5A.
FIG. 5C is a plan side view similar to FIG. 5A, but where the side component is initially in two parts.
FIG. 6A is an edge view of the side component of FIG. 5A after folding.
FIG. 6B is a top view of the side component of FIG. 5A after wrapping into a conoidal shape.
FIG. 7A is a plan view of a blank sheet for making an insulated two-layered cup employing a one-piece side component having an end corrugated section, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7B is an edge view of the sheet blank of FIG. 7A.
FIG. 8A is an edge view of the side component of FIG. 7A after folding.
FIG. 8B is a top view of the side component of FIG. 5A after wrapping into a conoidal shape.
FIG. 9 is an edge view of an alternative-insulating layer employing spaced grooves.
FIGS. 10A to 10D are views of cup blanks prior to folding and wrapping; the blanks have vertical ribs, horizontal ribs, graphic designs, and dimple embossing on their outer shells, according to the invention.
FIG. 10A' shows a cross-section of part of one section of the blank of FIG. 10A.
FIGS. 11A and 11B are views of cup blanks cut from a flat paper sheet according to a prior art layout and a layout according to the invention, respectively.
FIG. 12A shows a side-sectional view of the wall of a three-layered prior-art cup wall having curled down the inner and outer layers. FIG. 12B shows the same view with the top rim of the inner layer curled down, FIG. 12C shows the inner and middle layers curled down, and FIG. 12D shows the inner, middle, and outer layers curled down, according to the invention.
______________________________________Drawing Reference Numerals______________________________________10. Continuous Sheet 11. Corrugated Portion11L. Corrugated Layer 12. First Smooth Portion12B. Bottom Edge 12F. Free End12P. Proximal End 12S. Outer Shell12T. Top Edge 13. Second Smooth Portion13B. Bottom Edge 13F. Free End13P. Proximal End 13S. Inner Shell13T. Top Edge 14. Bottom Closure14R. Bottom Closure Rim 15. Air Pockets16. Waterproof Coating 17. Reflective Coating20. Continuous Sheet 21. Corrugated Piece22. Smooth Piece 23. Smooth Piece24. Bottom Closure 30. Cup31. Mandrel 32. Middle Section34. Right Section 36. Fold Line38. Flat Sheet 40. Score42 (V & H) Ribs 44. Embossed Graphics46. Dimples 50. Hole52. (L & R) Bottom Corners 54. (L & R) Top corners56. New Curved Cut Lines 58. Corner Cut Lines60. Top Rim______________________________________
In accordance with a first embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1A, a cup or container (FIG. 4) begins as a continuous, homogeneous sheet 10, which is die cut from a larger sheet (not shown) of paper or another suitable sheet material. Sheet 10 includes an arc-shaped corrugated middle portion 11, and two longer, arc-shaped, first and second smooth end or outer portions 12 and 13, respectively, extending from the ends of corrugated portion 11. Smooth portions 12 and 13 have proximal ends 12P and 13P, respectively, free ends 12F and 13F, top edges 12T and 13T, and bottoms edges 12B and 13B. A round, bottom closure 14 is cut separately. The corrugations in portion 11 are clearly shown in the edge view of FIG. 1B. They are formed by methods well known in the art and are shown as having sharp folds, but alternatively can have rounded bends or bight portions.
In accordance with a second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1C, a continuous sheet 20 is formed by gluing the appropriate edges of a corrugated piece 21 to separate smooth pieces 22 and 23. Bottom closure 24 is also cut separately. Corrugated piece 21 is slightly longer than corrugated portion 11 shown in FIG. 1A, so that its ends slightly overlap smooth pieces 22 and 23 for gluing. Cutting the three pieces separately may allow multiple types of sheet material to be used in fabricating sheet 20. E.g., recycled paper can be used for corrugated piece 21 and a type of paper known as SBS (solid bleach sulfite) can be used for smooth pieces 22 and 23.
In both embodiments (FIGS. 1A and 1B, as well as FIG. 1C), the corrugated middle portion (11 or 21) has a slightly lesser height than the end or outer portions, for a reason to be described.
Sheet 10 may be coated on at least one side with a waterproof coating. Some coatings, such as polyethylene, also serve as an adhesive when heated.
The cup (FIG. 3) is formed as follows: Smooth portions 12 and 13 are folded on opposite sides of corrugated portion 11, as shown in FIG. 2A. Sheet 10 then consists of a flat three-layered arrangement, with a corrugated layer or portion sandwiched between the smooth outer layers or portions. Smooth portions 12 and 13 are longer than corrugated portion 11, so that their free ends 12F and 13F, respectively, extend beyond the ends of corrugated portion 11. A weak adhesive or tack, such as weak glue, elastic glue, or heated polyethylene may optionally be used to hold the folded, three-layered sheet flat until it is wrapped and sealed (described in the next paragraph). The adhesive may be applied by die cutting a small hole 50 (FIGS. 11A or 11B) in the middle layer so that a single drop of adhesive can be inserted to glue the inner and outer layers together without adhering the middle layer. This arrangement may make wrapping easier. The dimensions of the portions are selected according to the size of the cup being produced.
Sheet 10 is then wrapped around a tapered (conoidal) mandrel 31, as shown in FIG. 2B. The inner smooth layer is then completed by gluing or otherwise joining or sealing the excess portion at free end 13F to proximal end 13P through the application of a cold adhesive. Alternatively ends 13F and 13P may be adhered through the use of heated polyethylene or an alternative recyclable, biodegradable, heat-sealable material, which is applied to sheet 10 before the sheet is wrapped.
Similarly the outer smooth layer is then completed in a similar manner by gluing or heat sealing free end 12F to portion 12.
Tapered conoidal inner shell 13S and outer shell 12S are thus formed and sealed, as shown in the top sectional view in FIG. 3. Corrugated portion 11 (FIG. 2B) is sandwiched between the shells to form a corrugated middle, insulating layer 11L. A bottom closure 14 is attached within inner shell 13S, as will be explained in conjunction with FIG. 4.
Smooth portion 12 (FIG. 2A) is longer than smooth portion 13 (FIG. 2A), so that after they are formed into conoids, outer shell 12S is larger in diameter than inner shell 13S for accommodating the thickness of corrugated layer 11L. Although sheet 10 is used in this example, sheet 20 (FIG. 1C) can also be used.
As thus constructed, corrugated layer 11L forms many thermally insulating air spaces 15 between it and the shells. If the cup is made with polyethylene-coated paperboard, it already has waterproofing material on it. Otherwise, it is coated with a suitable waterproofing material 16, such as plastic or wax. The inside surface of middle layer 11L is optionally coated with a reflective material 17. This will reflect radiant heat back to its source, whether from the cup's contents or from the air outside the cup, so that thermal efficiency is further improved. Because the three layers of the cup are constructed by simply folding and winding sheet 10 (FIG. 1A), it is very easy and economical to manufacture.
As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 4, cup 30 includes three layers formed from outer shell 12S, corrugated layer 11L, and inner shell 13S. Top edges 12T and 13T are crimped together and rolled outwardly to form a rim. Bottom edges 12B and 13B are folded inwardly, and sealed to the inside of a rim 14R on bottom closure 14 for a watertight seal. Because corrugated portion 11 (FIG. 1A) is narrower than smooth portions 12 and 13 (FIG. 1A), the top and bottom edges of corrugated layer 11L stay clear of the crimped top and bottom of cup 30.
In lieu of providing the corrugated portion in the middle of the starting blank, as shown in FIG. 1A, the corrugated portion may be provided at one end of the starting blank, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Here the starting blank has three sections: a left end section 12, a middle section 32, a corrugated right end section 34. Left section 12 is identical to that of FIG. 1A. Middle section 32 is identical to end section 13 of FIG. 1A, but is now adjacent and continuously integral homogeneous with left end section 12. Corrugated right end section 34 is identical to corrugated middle section 11 of FIG. 1A, but is now at one end instead of in the middle. As with FIGS. 1A and 1C, the corrugated section of FIG. 5A (and the remaining figures) is tapered, like the smooth sections. The blank is continuous, integral, and homogeneous, with sections 12 and 32 being smooth and distinguished or separated by a broken fold line 36. Section 34 is corrugated or scored (see discussion of FIG. 9 infra) by a standard die-cutting operation (not illustrated). The entire blank preferably is die cut from a larger starting sheet. Except for the above-noted distinguishing features, the blank of FIGS. 5A and 5B is similar to the blank of FIG. 1A.
While FIG. 5A shows a single continuously integral starting blank, the starting blank may be formed from two separate portions, as shown in FIG. 5C. One portion, consisting of left end section 12 and middle section 32, is smooth and continuously integral or homogeneous, and the other portion, consisting of corrugated or otherwise insulating portion 34', is separate and is formed separately. As shown in FIG. 5C, insulating portion 34' is not as high or as long as sections 32 or 12. Then the two separate portions of FIG. 5C are glued together (operation not illustrated) along the leftmost one of the sections of the corrugated portion to form a blank similar to that of FIG. 5A. As stated above, cutting the two pieces separately may allow multiple types of sheet material to be used in fabricating sheet 20. E.g., recycled paper can be used for corrugated piece 34 and SBS can be used for smooth pieces 12 and 32.
The blank of FIG. 5A (or FIG. 5C after gluing) is then folded a first time so that corrugated section 34 is adjacent and parallel to middle, smooth section 32. Left end portion 12 is then folded over the corrugated portion so that all three sections are parallel and the corrugated portion is sandwiched between the two smooth portions, as shown in FIG. 6A. In lieu of gluing section 34' along the edge of section 32 and folding section 34' inwardly, section 34' may be disposed on section 32 in a centered position, thereby requiring only that section 12 be folded over. Then the folded blank is wrapped or bent around a mandrel (not shown) to form a conoid, as shown in FIG. 6B. The ends of the blank are the sealed together such that the folded edge between sections 12 and 32 is on the inside of the conoid, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, as with the embodiment of FIG. 4, the bottom (not shown) of the cup is attached in a similar manner, and it is finished in the same manner as with FIG. 4. A cup made from the conoid of FIG. 6B has all of the advantages of the cup of FIG. 4. It can be fabricated from a blank (FIG. 5A) in which the corrugated section is at one end, rather than in the middle, thereby providing an alternative starting blank.
If the sidewall blank of FIGS. 5A, 5C, or 7A (discussed below) is coated with a waterproof material on just one side, the finished cup will have the advantage of a waterproof coating facing both the inside and the outside of the cup. This is because of the way the blank is folded. This may be desirable for cold drinks, i.e., the outer shell can be protected from condensation without coating both sides of the blank. This reduces costs and provides a cup that is more biodegradable and recyclable.
Cups formed from the container blanks shown in FIGS. 7A to 8B are similar to cups of the previous embodiments, but have sidewalls which include two layers instead of three and are thus are more economical and simpler to fabricate.
As shown in FIGS. 7A and 8B, the sidewall blank includes a substantially flat or smooth left section 32, and a right corrugated section 34, both of which are substantially identical to their respective counterparts shown in FIG. 5A. The two sections may be formed as a homogenous piece as shown in 5A or of two separate pieces (not shown) which are glued together form a unitary strip of deformable sheet material as shown in FIG. 7A.
The illustrated strip (FIGS. 7A and 7B) is folded once along a common fold line at the junction of sections 32 and 34. This brings the two sections into face-to-face engagement with each other to form a multi-layered container sidewall blank. The blank has an end portion at the left end of the blank defined by the common fold line and another end portion at the right end of the sidewall blank formed by the free ends of sections 32 and 34. The integral corrugations formed in section 34 define depressions in the face of this section. These depressions cooperate with the associated face of section 32 when the two sections are brought together in face-to-face relation to each other to form a plurality of air spaces between sections or layers 32 and 34 which comprise the two-layered blank shown in FIG. 8A.
The sidewall blank (FIG. 8A) is then wrapped around a mandrel (not shown) to bring the opposite end portions of the blank into overlapping relation to each other. Thus, as shown in FIG. 8B, the free end portions of sections or layers 32 and 34 are brought into overlapping relation with a marginal portion of the opposite or folded end of the blank. The overlapping portions are joined to each other to form a continuous container sidewall, such as generally shown in FIG. 8B. This joining operation forms the side seam of the cup and is performed while the cup sidewall blank is supported on the mandrel, in a manner well known in the cup and container making art.
The shape of the mandrel used to form the container will vary and will be determined by the shape of the container to be formed. The folded sidewall blank formed from the flat strip shown in FIG. 7A is particularly adapted for use in making a conoidal paper cup having a substantially circular cross section throughout its height. Therefore a conoidal mandrel will be employed for making such a cup.
In accordance with the presently preferred cup construction, smooth layer 32 forms the inner surface of the cup, whereas corrugated layer 34 defines a portion of the exterior surface of the container.
While the container sidewall blank remains in position on the mandrel, the bottom of the cup is attached to the sidewall by a rolling or crimping operation and a bead is preferably rolled around the upper end of the cup sidewall blank to complete cup assembly.
In lieu of a corrugated insulating layer, the insulating layer in any embodiment may be made of a flat sheet 38 (FIG. 9). This sheet has spaced, parallel grooves or scores 40 formed in one surface and separated by flat portions on the one surface of the sheet, i.e., the top surface as shown in FIG. 9. The corresponding lands or integral ribs produced by forming these grooves extend down from the lower face of the sheet, as shown in FIG. 9. When the ribs on the lower face of the scored layer 38 are brought into face-to-face engagement with an associated face of a smooth layer, air spaces are created between the ribs and provide effective insulation. Preferably the grooves or scores are about 5 to 10 mm apart and are about 1-3 mm deep. The scores are formed or embossed into the surface of the sheet by a die, which displaces the sheet material to create the indentations. Preferably the sheet in FIGS. 1A, 5A or 7A is cut and scores 40 are simultaneously formed in a single blanking operation. Also the sheet is preferably oriented so that the lands face the inside of the container, but the opposite arrangement can also be used.
The outer layers of the cups of the invention can be embossed or distorted, as shown in FIGS. 10A to 10D.
Such distortions can comprise any type that increase the thickness of the layer or create air spaces between it and the next layer.
The distortions are vertical ribs 42V in FIG. 10A on left section 12V. The ribs may extend for less than the height of the section so as to leave non-ribbed horizontal sections at the bottom and top as shown. Each rib can have a U-shaped cross section, as shown at 42V in FIG. 10A'. Flat, unembossed sections, as shown can separate the ribs. Such ribs can be stamped when the middle section of the blank is embossed or corrugated, using a suitable die or embossing plate. In one embodiment the ribs were 1.3 mm (50 mils) wide, 0.25 mm (10 mils) high, with adjacent ribs separated by 3.8-mm (150-mil)flat sections, but obviously these dimensions can be varied widely.
In lieu of vertical ribs, such distortions can comprise horizontal ribs 42H as shown in FIG. 10B on left section 12H. The ribs may extend for less than the width of the section so as to leave non-ribbed vertical sections at the right and left sides of section 12H as shown. Each rib can be the same size, shape, and separation as those of FIG. 10A.
In lieu of ribs, such distortions can comprise an embossed (raised or relief) or intaglio (depressed or engraved) graphic design or trademark 44, as shown in FIG. 10C on left section 12T. Such a design can be stamped just before the blank is cut, at the time of cutting, or just after, with a suitable die. For a paper blank having a thickness of about 0.25 to 0.56 mm (10 to 22 mils), the design can be embossed or stamped to extend 0.10 to 0.40 mm (4 to 16 mils) above or below the surface of the blank. As shown in FIG. 10C, the actual trademark area occupies about 20% of the area of section 12T, but larger or smaller area marks may be used, depending upon aesthetics and the size of the gripping area and the desired insulating properties.
In lieu of ribs or a trademark, such distortions can comprise an array of dimples 46 as shown in FIG. 10D on left section 12D. The dimples may cover most of the area of the section as shown.
In lieu of the four types of distortions shown, zigzag, wavy, diamond, triangular, rectangular, all-text, etc. embossing can be used.
After forming the distortions, the cup is formed in the manner described above. The left layer (with distortions) will form the outer layer of the cup and the embossing will provide a cup which is more thermally insulating due to the increased thickness it creates for the cup. This will make the cup more comfortable to handle and will maintain the temperature of its contents longer. The cost of manufacture will not be increased since the embossing can be done when the corrugated center layer is formed. Due to the embossing, the cup will have less tendency to slip down through a holder's fingers, especially when filled with liquid. Also the embossing provides a reduced area of hand contact when the cup is held so as to reduce the amount of heat transmission, whether the cup is filled with cold or hot liquid. When the embossing is a design, the cup does not have to be printed; this saves ink, natural resources, production costs, and production steps and makes recycling easier. Moreover, due to its three-layered construction, embossing will not create holes that will cause leaks in the cup.
If the embossing on the outer layer opposes the distortions on the middle layer, increased air space and hence increased insulation will be provided between the middle and outer layers. E.g., if the middle layer has vertical corrugations and the outer layer has horizontal ribs, the crests of the horizontal corrugations will cross the crests of the vertical ribs to hold the layers farther apart. Similarly if the middle layer contains horizontal ribs or corrugations, the outer layer can have vertical ribs, for the same result. Orthogonal diagonal ribs can also be used, as can circular and straight ribs for the two layers.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the blanks for forming respective cups are trimmed at their corners and their tops and bottoms to reduce waste on the master sheet from which the blanks are cut. This saves materials and provides a more efficient and more economical method of production.
Ignoring the broken lines temporarily, FIG. 11A shows a section of a sheet with three cup blank outlines drawn on the sheet to show the cut lines by which a cutting die (not shown) will cut out the blanks from the sheet. The three blank outlines are identical and each comprises two undistorted or smooth end sections 12 and a center distorted, e.g., corrugated, section 11. Section 11 has a glue hole 50 as mentioned above. Note that the blank outlines are placed on the sheet as efficiently as possible, i.e., they are contiguous so as not to waste material. Specifically, the bottom corners 52L and 52R of the top blank's outline are contiguous with the tops of the end sections of the middle blank outline. Also the top corners 54L and 54R of the top blank's outline are adjacent the left and right edges of the sheet, respectively, so that the sheet can be made as narrow as possible, thereby again to conserve material. After the blanks as shown are cut from the sheet, they are folded in zigzag fashion so that distorted center section 11 is sandwiched between smooth outer sections 12 and 13. Then the blank is formed on a conoidal mandrel (not shown) to form a three-layered conoidal cup, such as shown in FIG. 4. In the cup, section 13, which is taller, will be the inside layer and section 12 will be the outside layer. The top portions of layers 12 and 13 will be rolled or curled over and out to form a rim of the cup.
In accordance with the invention, the blank outlines are trimmed as indicated by the broken lines so as to compress the outlines closer vertically and narrow them horizontally. This enables more blanks to be obtained from a narrower sheet.
As illustrated in the top blank, in one embodiment, section 12 is made shorter in height as indicated by broken lines 56, which are new cut lines of the blank outline. If the blank is tapered as shown in FIG. 11A, these cut lines will be curved, and if the blank is straight (not shown), these cut lines will be horizontal. Preferably every blank is shortened as indicated by cuts 56, but these cuts 56 are illustrated on only the top blank for clarity. The length of the section may be reduced by about 10% by each of the upper and lower cuts, for a total height reduction of 20%.
It will be apparent that as a result of shortening cuts 56, more blanks can be cut from a given length of sheet, and the sheet can be made narrower. Since section 12 will be the outside layer in the finished cup, its shorter profile will expose top and bottom marginal portions of corrugated middle layer 11. This will illustrate to users that the cup has a corrugated (and hence insulating) middle layer.
Every blank may also be cut so as to have chamfered corners, as indicated by corner cut lines 58, shown on just the middle blank for clarity. As with the above shortening cut embodiment, it will be apparent that as a result of chamfer cuts 58, more blanks can be cut from a given length of sheet, and the sheet can be made narrower. Each chamfer cut may be approximately in the form of a 90�-60�-30� right triangle, with the base at the side edge of the section. The size of the chamfer may be such that the base of each triangle extends about 10% of the height of its section. Alternatively the cuts may be curved or rounded.
FIG. 11B shows blanks similar to those of FIG. 5A, where the smooth sections, here designated 12' and 32', are contiguous and provide the middle and right side sections and the corrugated or distorted section 34" forms the left end section. The cup is formed from this blank by folding it twice as follows: corrugated layer 34" is folded over layer 32' and layer 12' is then folded over layer 34" so that layer 34" is sandwiched between layers 32' and 12'; this is termed a gate fold. Then the folded arrangement is formed on a conoidal mandrel (not shown) so that it forms a conoidal cup with layer 32' on the inside, layer 34' as the middle layer, and layer 12' on the outside. The top edge of layers 32' and 12' are rolled over and out to form the top rim of the cup, as shown in FIG. 12A.
In accordance with the invention, the upper and lower outer corners 58' of sections 34" are removed in the die-cutting operation. As a result, the width of the sheet from which the blanks are cut can be made narrower and more blanks can be cut from a sheet since each blank takes less vertical space. The removal of corners 58' from sections 34" will not affect the appearance or function of the finished cups. This is because section 34" is the middle layer, which does not show in the finished cup and since the removal of a corner will still leave the same insulating space between the inside and outside layers. Section 34" may also be shortened horizontally, i.e., part of its left end as shown in the drawing may be removed, to save additional material.
Additionally corners 58' may be removed from the upper corners of sections 12' to enable an even narrower sheet to be used. Again, the removal of these corners will not affect the appearance of the finished cups since the sealing edges will overlap the removed comer portions.
When the three-layered cups are formed according to the invention, as stated, inner and outer layers 12' and 32' have been rolled over and out to form a top rim 60 as shown in FIG. 12A. This rim provides a comfortable surface for the drinker's lips and also makes the cups more rigid. After rolling the rim, the inner layer has a greater circumference or must be rolled a greater distance than the outer layer. Thus the height of inner layer 32' is greater than that of outer layer 12'.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the rim can be formed from a single layer or different layers.
As shown in FIG. 12B, the rim (60') is formed from just inner layer 32' In this case the outer layer (12") is made shorter since it does not have to be rolled. The advantage of this embodiment is that the inner layer can be made shorter, thereby saving material and enabling more sections to be formed from a narrower sheet.
As shown in FIG. 12C, the rim (60") is formed from inner layer 32' and middle layer 34�. In this case the outer layer (12") is made shorter as in the embodiment of FIG. 12B, but the middle, distorted layer (34�) is made longer since it must be rolled. The advantage of this embodiment is that the rim is two-layered and hence stronger and can be made by a different process with adjacent layers forming the rim. As shown in FIG. 12D, the rim (60'") is formed from inner layer 32', middle layer 34�, and outer layer 12'. In this case the outer layer (12') is made longer as in the embodiment of FIG. 12A. Also the middle, distorted layer (34�) is also made longer, as in the embodiment of FIG. 12C. The advantage of this embodiment is that the rim is three-layered and hence even stronger and can be made by a different process with three adjacent layers forming the rim.
Accordingly the reader will see that we have provided several embodiments of thermally insulated cups or containers which will maintain the temperature of their contents much longer than non-insulated cups. When any container is holding a hot or a cold beverage, it will maintain its outer shell at close to ambient temperature, so that it will be comfortable to handle. When it is holding a cold beverage, it will also prevent condensation from forming on its outer shell, so that it will not become slippery. The corrugated, multi-layered construction makes it strong enough to withstand prolonged handling. Its paper (or other suitable sheet material) construction and its minimal use of adhesive makes it environmental friendly. Its design allows it to be made of thinner paper and thereby makes very efficient use of paper stock, so that it consumes a minimal amount of natural resources. Because its three or two layers are constructed by simply folding and winding a single sheet of paper in a single wrapping operation, it can be easily and inexpensively manufactured with existing machinery. Unlike conventional corrugated boxboard, the layers of its folded blank are not permanently fixedly adhered to one another, so it can easily be wrapped into a conoidal shape prior to sealing.
Although the above description contains many specificities, they should not be considered as limitations on the scope of the invention, but only as examples of the preferred embodiment. Many other ramifications and variations are possible within the teachings of the invention.
For example, instead of paper, other suitable materials, such as biodegradable plastic, if available, other plastic, metal, stiff fiber, etc. can be used. The reflective coating can be eliminated.
The cups may be produced in an in-line manufacturing process in which elongated blanks (e.g., those of FIGS. 1A, 5A, or 7A) are fed into a machine which folds the elongated blanks into a multi-layered arrangement (e.g., those of FIGS. 2A, 6A, or 8A). Then the blanks are automatically transferred into position on a cup machine to be wrapped around a mandrel (FIGS. 2B, 6B, or 8B) to be formed into finished cups. This in-line manufacturing process of folding and wrapping requires only modest modifications or attachments to standard cup-forming machines and saves time and costs.
The separate elongated pieces shown in FIGS. 1C and 5C, and used as an alternative to FIG. 7A can be crimped instead of glued together. The ends of the middle-corrugated portion (FIG. 2B) may be glued or crimped together. The portion used for the smooth outer shell in FIGS. 1 to 6 may be shorter than the portion used for the smooth inner shell. In this case only the top edge of the inner shell need be rolled outwardly to form the rim, and only the bottom edge of the inner shell need be folded inwardly to seal the bottom. In FIG. 5C, corrugated or otherwise insulating portion 34' may be glued in a centered and parallel position on smooth section 32, thereby requiring only that left end portion 12 be folded over the corrugated section to make all three sections parallel.
The construction method of forming a multi-layered cup from a continuous sheet can be used for creating types of insulated containers, such as milk cartons, ice cream cartons, orange juice- or biscuit-type (composite) cans, etc. In lieu of the conoidal cups shown, the mandrel may be cylindrical so that the finished cup may be cylindrical, rather than conoidal.
The corrugated portion can be formed by die cutting as one or more thin, parallel, spaced strips that connect the two smooth end portions. Instead of vertical corrugations or grooves, the middle layer can employ any other type of distortion, embossing, or spacing means to create air pockets or spaces between the inner and outer shells. E.g., the insulating layer can use dimples (round or elongated), horizontal or diagonal ridges or ribs, or any other type of distorted sheet material, including porous sheet material, material with holes, or even foamed material, to make it insulating. Instead of the corrugated layer being on the outside as shown in FIG. 8B, the layers may be reversed so that the corrugated layer is on the inside and the smooth layer is on the outside. The corrugated portion can be rectangular, instead of tapered. In this case it can be wrapped around tapered inner shell 13S by spreading or fanning its corrugations wider at its top, or by making the corrugations deeper at the bottom and shallower at the top to convert it into a tapered (conoidal) shape.
The interconnections between the elements can be varied, as can their dimensions, materials and shapes. Also the sizes of the marginal height reductions in FIG. 11A and the sizes and shapes of the corner chamfer cuts in FIGS. 11A and 11B can be varied.
Therefore the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, and not by the examples given.
Patent Citations
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Posted at: 06/17/2013 6:27 AM
The latest Siena College research poll says that Governor Andrew Cuomo is less popular now than he has ever been since taking office two and a half years ago.
Only 58-percent of New Yorkers support the governor. That's down from 64-percent last month.
Fifty-six percent support the latest controversial proposal out of Albany, the governor's "Women's Equality Act", including the two abortion provisions that protect a woman's right to a late-term abortion if her health is threatened.
Less than one third of voters want the act to pass without the abortion provisions.


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