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Asbestos-containing sheet flooring or resilient flooring product identification: this article describes sheet flooring products known to contain significant levels of asbestos. We also include photographs for identification of known asbestos-containing resilient sheet flooring as well as unknown flooring submitted for identification. The article gives safety and asbestos testing advice for sheet flooring products.
Green links show where you are. © Copyright 2015 InspectApedia.com, All Rights Reserved.
How to Identify Armstrong, Congoleum, Linoleum and other Brands of Resilient Flooring or Sheet Flooring
This sheet flooring was identified by a reader in a 1964 home. She found remnants in the bottom of a kitchen cabinet on which was imprinted "Armstrong". Is it linoleum?
[Click to enlarge any image]
A closer look at the product including its backing would be needed. It could be, but this pattern looks more modern to us and is probably a vinyl sheet flooring product. At ASBESTOS FLOOR TILE IDENTIFICATION PHOTOS by YEAR we include a reader report of lab testing performed on this flooring and confirming that it contained "70% asbestos".
While the reader referred to this as "Armstrong Congoleum sheet flooring", Armstrong and Congoleum are separate individual companies. The flooring shown just above is identified as an Armstrong resilient flooring product.
Below are two more identification photographs of the same flooring contributed by reader R.B. who shows us the Armstrong® imprint on the reverse side of this product.
Don't mix up product names. Armstrong is a separate company from Congoleum-Nairn. Both companies produce several types and many patterns of sheet flooring. As we discuss at CONGOLEUM FLOORING HISTORY, Linoleum flooring advertised in 1955, here the Congoleum Gold Seal series, was sold in both sheet and tile forms.
At below left is Congoleum Gold Seal Jackstraw pattern, and below right, Congoleum "Square Dance" sheet linoleum sold in a 9" x 9" tile pattern. Congoleum also marketed linoleum sheet flooring in color flecks or scatter such as their Sequin Pattern.
Check the Sheet Flooring Material to Identify Linoleum or to Check for Sheet Flooring Likely to Contain Asbestos
This topic has been moved to SHEET FLOORING INSPECT / TEST. There we explain that simple visual inspection can often distinguish among linoleum (jute or burlap backed), asphalt saturated felt-backed flooring, vinyl sheet flooring (white or light colored backing), and cork (simple visual appearance). We also describe using odorless paint thinner to detect asphalt-based floor types - an important consideration as some saturated felt flooring backers contained asbestos.
Known-Asbestos-Containing Vinyl Based Sheet Flooring: Product Photos
The resilient sheet flooring shown at left is a modern product (we are using this photo as a placeholder) and does not contain asbestos.
But before about 1978, in products that looked like this same material, asbestos fibers were used as a strengthen material on vinyl sheet flooring backing.
If the vinyl resilient sheet flooring backing material were dry-sanded or scraped during building demolition, for example, or if the sheet flooring is worn through so that foot traffic continues to damage the backing material, it is possible for unsafe levels of asbestos fibers to be released in a building. --EPA Guidance
During demolition or removal, this material should be disturbed as little as possible. Additional demolition, renovation, and installation advice for dealing with resilient sheet flooring materials can be obtained from the Resilient Floor Covering Institute, by obtaining their publication on the topic.
(Additional vinyl asbestos, linoleum, & other sheet flooring photos wanted - CONTACT US))
Examples & Submissions of Pre-1988 Installations of Sheet Flooring & Resilient Flooring that Contain or Might Contain Asbestos
Identify Older Linoleum Rug or Black-Asphalt-Backed Sheet Flooring
Reader Question: I wanted to seek your advice on the attached images which is some sort of tiling that a previous homeowner put on a work bench as a covering. I looked through your website, but couldn't find a match. Does this look like asbestos tiles to you? If so, any idea on the brand? Thanks in advance! - C.W. 1/17/2014
Reply: forms of "linoleum" may include products glued to felt underlayment vs. glued to a jute backing
From your photographs showing that the flooring product, now covering a workbench top, has a woven rug -patterned top layer over a black substrate, I would guess that this is an asphalt paper-backed sheet flooring product resembling
In that article we discuss your photographs in more detail and there we explain that the ingredients of true linoleum include natural resins, linseed oil, color pigments, cork powder and limestone, with a jute backing. Those products do not contain and never contained asbestos. But there, in a more detailed reply to your inquiry, we also explain that some sources, including experts at the US FPL describe felt or asphalt-backed sheet flooring as "linoleum" - products like that shown in your photos. At least some of these older felt underlayments contained asbestos.
Identify Older Armstrong Sheet Flooring that Might Contain Asbestos: check the backing material
Reader Question: does this old Armstrong brand sheet flooring contain asbestos?
Hi - I'm so happy to have found your site. I would so appreciate your help identifying the Armstrong sheet flooring (photos attached) in our 140 year old house.
Weirdly (at least to me), this flooring was laid directly on top of the sub-floor. I do not know why the original hardwood is missing, if in fact it ever existed (our little town has a history of flooding, so perhaps it was damaged and removed). We discovered this flooring when we pulled up the carpet. We were hoping to find the original hardwood, but found this Armstrong sheet flooring over the subfloor instead.
Reply: a quick review distinguishing linoleum from vinyl sheet flooring
Your first two photos show what looks to me like Armstrong sheet vinyl flooring in a woven, fabric, or carpet pattern. The backing of your flooring product (above right) is not jute (a coarse brown fabric) and is not asphalt felt (a black thick paper like product impregnated with asphalt). Rather I see a white or light colored backer. Some white sheet flooring backers contained asbestos.
Indeed adding to the confusion of identifying traditional-formula true linoleum is that many people just call all flexible resilient sheet flooring "linoleum". Armstrong corporation, itself a long-time flooring manufacturer produced floor tiles, self adhesive floor tiles, and sheet flooring that the company identifies as linoleum as well as separate products that are identified as vinyl sheet flooring.
Linoleum: is made from linseed oil, resins, recycled wood flour, cork dust, limestone & mineral pigments. A quick and reliable way to identify linoleum is to observe that the walk-on surface is mounted on jute backing. On the under-side of linoleum you'll see a coarse brown fabric (jute) that looks like what some folks call "burlap".
Details are at LINOLEUM & SHEET FLOORING
Vinyl sheet flooring is made from plastic-like materials. Vinyl is a synthetic resin made of polyvinyl chloride or similar chemical polymers (originating typically as univalent chemical radical CH2CH, derived from ethylene and fabricated into a very large range of products besides flooring, such as vinyl phonograph records, windows, building siding, containers, etc. Details are in this article at VINYL ASBESTOS SHEET FLOORING
In sum, your two photographs of Armstrong sheet flooring shown above include both the clearly-marked Armstrong brand on the flooring underside and a view of the white backing material characteristic of vinyl sheet flooring. The pattern of the exposed surface of the flooring is an older-style that I have not yet found in various product catalogs but one that from appearance I would guess could be more than 30 years old.
Advice for Handling this Flooring
Without knowing anything more about your floor covering, it would be prudent to treat this material as "PACM" or "Presumed Asbestos Containing Material" given its appearance, age, and lack of product specifics. (Sometimes we have success sending a flooring photo to Armstrong for identification.) If we knew when this sheet floor covering had been installed we'd be able to make a good guess about the chances that it contains asbestos - or not. Otherwise a lab test or confirmation from Armstrong would be required.
Typically sheet flooring that has not been glued to a subfloor can be simply rolled-up. You may have to remove edge trim strips to gain access to the material. Where the flooring is damaged you'll want to see the suggested articles below and certainly avoid using a vacuum cleaner unless it's a HEPA-rated unit.
If you were facing a costly dusty messy renovation that means following the dust control and asbestos risk reduction advice from expert sources. See
From your second pair of photos (shown below) the composition of your flooring could be confusing. What I see looks like a pine subfloor over which masonite-type hardboard may have been installed as a smoothing underlayment (to prevent telegraphing the original lines of subfloor up through the sheet floor covering).
Indeed I doubt that your home is missing a hardwood floor. In many homes sheet flooring, at least in many rooms linoleum was installed directly atop the tongue-in-groove pine subfloor.
Reader Question: how to identify resilient sheet flooring - does this resilient flooring contain asbestos? how can I identify its brand or manufacturer? - Tests confirmed Asbestos content for this sheet floor product
I recently purchased a 180 year old home and found some mystery resilient flooring under two layers of linoleum. We have sent off samples for asbestos testing but I am also interested in figuring out the vintage of floor.
Would you be able to provide your expertise in possibly identifying this product? I have been through your pictures and wonderfully helpful ID guide but just can't seem to make a positive identification, even of brand. We have not yet seen any identifying marks on the product either. I thought at first that it might be an Armstrong spatter
Your help would be much appreciated - I am researching the history of the neighborhood.
Figuring out when the first major kitchen renovation happened in this house would really help to complete some of that research. I'm also just incredibly interested in finding out what it is now that I've done so much research on the history of floor coverings!
If you are willing to help, here are the vital stats:
The product is in sheet form, with a width of of 72.5 inches. It goes the entire length of the kitchen floor (at least 14 feet) so must have been laid from a larger roll.
It has a black paper-like backing and sticky, tar-like adhesive. I have attached pictures.
Thank you very much and best wishes, L. P-F. 8/12/2013
The article above as well the following two articles on resilient and sheet flooring
may be helpful to you. I will look through our library and will also publish your photos [above and left] and invite comments from other readers - keeping your identity private unless you ask otherwise.
The flooring in your photo looks like products I've seen dating from the 1970's and later. Some of these contain asbestos in the backer.
Based on the age of the home and the multiple of layers of flooring above the one about which you ask, I would treat the material as PACM (presumed asbestos containing material) until we identify it or you have a lab test result on the flooring's asbestos content.
Lab test results on the above flooring: no asbestos content.
We got our test results back and both the flooring and the backing were negative for asbestos. The results showed the flooring was 45% cellulose material and 55% non-fibrous material. The backing was 90% cellulose and 10% non-fibrous. Does this mean that the flooring is newer than we originally thought?
Probably but not necessarily for sure; certainly there have been some sheet floorings that did not contain asbestos. But from the combination of the lab results and your photo one would think the material is post 1986.
Reader Question: does this red brick linoleum sheet flooring contain asbestos?
We recently purchased a house that was built in 1900 and decided to rip the carpet up because underneath was hardwoods which is what is in the rest of the house. After we ripped it up we noticed what looks like old linoleum backing and glue which we have tried to scrape up and did not think about the risk of asbestos.
Around the very edges of the room there was still 2 inch strips of the old linoleum and I have tried to find the style in the reference pictures you have and I haven't seen any like it so I have attached a picture that is almost identical to what we have to see if you know if contains asbestos or not.
The damage is already done as I have scraped all the glue and old backing up but I am very concerned as it is my daughters bedroom.
I would appreciate any help you could possibly give me as I cannot afford to send off a sample for testing. - J.P. 8/18/2013
Here is a picture of the flooring I have in questions about weather it has asbestos in it or not. I couldn't find a picture of it on your site but I did find a lot of other helpful information.
Our house is from the 40s but i have no idea about the vinyl flooring it has been covered by carpet and other vinyl flooring its becoming the mystery house full of surprise. - J.W. 9/18/2013
I think that the sheet flooring in your photos is probably Congoleum's "Red Brick" vinyl sheet flooring pattern. Some web articles we reviewed called this material "linoleum" but I think that word is often used too loosely to simply mean "sheet flooring". Here is how you can be sure to identify a linoleum floor product (not asbestos-containing) by simple visual inspection - that is, how to tell linoleum from sheet vinyl resilient flooring:
If the flooring has what looks like burlap - a jute backing - on its reverse it's probably very old and not an asbestos-containing product.
If it has a smooth, non-fabric backing it may contain asbestos and should be treated as PACM - presumed asbestos containing material. From your photo (above left) this looks like a very-widely used sheet flooring with an impregnated asphalt felt backer - let me know. Some such felt backers included asbestos.
Don't panic, just don't create a dusty mess by using power tools, saws, grinders;
Watch out that the mastic used to adhere old sheet flooring may also contain asbestos. After trying various solvents on a black mastic years ago I discovered that it was water soluble and came up easily once I let it sit wet for a few hours. Try that.
J.W. Indeed I've found other similar flooring patterns to those in your photo that by date, records, tests, were confirmed as having asbestos in the vinyl backing; it would be prudent to treat the material as presumed-asbestos-containing material. Don't panic; non-friable materials like this can usually be handled with a minimum of dust and debris - provided the floor was not glued down;
Reader follow-up from J.P.
It had almost a felt type black backing that is what was still stuck to the floor that I had to scrape and it did get soggy mushy in warm water. Scraped up fairly easy and the glue I was able to mop up with several times of mopping over the entire floor. Just wanted to see if that is the burlap type backing you were possibly talking about.
Watch out: No the backing you describe is not a jute backer; rather it sounds like an asphalt impregnated felt type backer - some of which contained asbestos; wetting and mopping make some sense in that case.
Reader Question & Test Results: 1973 Brick Pattern Vinyl Sheet Flooring & Mastic Adhesive Asbestos Test Results
We are concerned about asbestos in our kitchen sheet flooring. We are 99% sure it is the original floor--as there is nothing underneath it. The Home was built 1973, and we are pretty sure it was Forest City Enterprises who built it (if that helps?).
I attached some pictures.
I carefully wet-scraped up a small piece. It was fairly stubborn if you scraped the bottom part or did not go 'under' the tile fully --almost like sand, but if you scraped below the sheet, it came up easier. I believe it is an embossed sheet vinyl (has recessed grout lines) the bright orange paint on the edges is what I used to seal any potential dust.
Any thoughts? If there's question and it's possible asbestos, can you suggest a good lab (that reasonable cost) to send a sample to? Thank you for all you guys have done! - R.D. 2/9/2014
Given the date of the floor installation (1973) and pattern you should have treated the flooring as presumed to contain asbestos. It would not perhaps be necessary nor appropriate to test something that is easily rolled up and disposed-of, but you'd have wanted to avoid creating a dusty mess.
Sheet flooring in the brick pattern was popular in both red (yours) and white, and may have had its original pattern design in 12" tile format in the Romford Red pattern (little image at left) as we document at 1973 - ARMSTRONG EXCELON VINYL ASBESTOS FLOOR TILES where we include additional flooring image links: Craftlon Romford Brick 9" x 9" x 3/32" viny asbestos floor tiles were available in White 57020 and in Red 57021 - shown at above left. Gold patterns appeared later.
If you want to test a sample see ASBESTOS TESTING LAB LIST for help in finding a certified asbestos test lab.
Typically the asbestos test lab fee is around $50. U.S.
Asbestos is found in older floor tile mastic adhesives, particularly the older black asphalt mastics often contained asbestos, as did other similar mastics used in roofing and flashing cements. See MASTIC, CUTBACK ADHESIVE, FLASHING CEMENT ASBESTOS
Asbestos is found in some (not all) sheet flooring backing materials as well.
It is possible that this popular vinyl asbestos pattern originated in the early 70's as Armstrong's "Romford Red" which is itself an interesting name as I suspect the name leaked over from Rumford - the colonial Tory who fled the colonies back to Britain during the American Revolution. Rumford was sent to Bavaria where he developed the measurements on the perfect fireplace design - a specification that many red brick fireplaces as of course other fireplaces later followed. A less likley origin of the name is from Romford in Northeast London.
Follow-up: confirming asbestos content of this brick pattern vinyl sheet flooring and asbestos in the black mastic
I did have it tested locally at accredited lab.
They found asbestos in the top red-grey-black brick vinyl layer AND in the black mastic. (BUT amazingly, NOT in the grey mastic or the paper-felt backing)
Thanks R.D. You can see more brick pattern asbestos floor coverings that contained asbestos in a tile form that is very similar to the red brick sheet flooring in your photos. Both were very popular.
SeeARMSTRONG Asphalt-Asbestos & Vinyl-Asbestos Floor Tiles Identification Photos - 1975-1979 for more images of brick pattern asbestos containing flooring like the white brick Armstrong flooring shown at above-left.
More brick pattern flooring ID photos from this era are at
Question: possible asbestos in vinyl sheet flooring from 1977
I have a house that was built in 1977 - not the first owner. In late December, one the kitchen wall cabinets fell off the wall causing me to push up remodeling efforts.
The kitchen floor had to come up. It has an initial layer of, I believe, vinyl sheet flooring. A self adhering tile floor was laid over top in 1988 or 1989 my an interim owner. Don't know what it is.
Photo at left: top view of 1977-era sheet vinyl flooring.
There are not markings as to the manufacturer on either (the self sticking tile may have some but getting them removed from the first floor is difficult).
I only had one thought - get the kitchen back to normal quickly. So in preparing for new cabinets, I decided to remove the floor. Not until it was (almost) up - needed to get some adhesive off - did I go to the internet. There I found out about asbestos. A little(?) late.
Included are some pictures of the floor's first layer of vinyl. Is it possible to tell me if it contains asbestos? I don't want to dump the floor inappropriately or subject my friends to "bad" air. - J.N. 1/10/2014
J.N. Given the age of the home and its initial vinyl sheet flooring as well as the presence of a light-colored vinyl backing shown in your edge view of this material, it would be reasonable to treat the flooring as PACM - Presumed Asbestos Containing Material. I've posted your photos in case other readers can name the specific decorative pattern while we research the image further. I'm guessing this is an Armstrong vinyl sheet flooring product. The backer has been tested on some of that product line and confirmed as asbestos-containing from flooring of the age you indicate.
Usually sheet flooring is easily removed intact and is not a source of significant particulate debris as long as it is not ground, sanded, or similarly damaged. But to be extra careful you may want to follow asbestos flooring wetting - removal guidelines and to use a HEPA vacuum for jobsite cleanup. If you were facing a costly renovation or cleanup of a mess someone already made it might be cost-justified to have a certified asbestos testing lab test the material.
The disposal of removed vinyl flooring that may contain asbestos is regulated as asbestos-waste in some jurisdictions while I have found that in others the material is disposed-of as construction debris. Check with your local building department.
Reader Question: sheet flooring identification for possible asbestos content?
We have a 1910 house that we are renovating. Under the carpet in a hallway is sheet linoleum. It does not exactly match any of your photos. We do not want to pull up a piece, so we don't know what brand it is or what the backing looks like.
Is the flooring in the photo attached an asbestos-containing floor?
[We found this when removing flooring in an older home. We don't want to pull the flooring up so we don't know if it has markings on its back or not. ] - D.M. 7/28/2014
I've not see this exact pattern but it's similar to some 1970's patterns that did contain asbestos. It would be prudent to assume the flooring contains asbestos. If you are able to leave it in place and cover it the risk of asbestos release is most likely below the limits of detection. If it must be removed and can be removed in one piece (not glued down) risks are similarly small.
See these InspectApedia articles
if flooring removal is needed.
Reader follow-up:
It does resemble the Armstrong pebble pattern on your website. It was glued down at the entrances to the doors but does not seem to be glued all over. An electrician was working in the house and made a hole through the entire floor, which is how we first discovered this flooring under the carpet. Other than that spot and one missing chunk at a doorway, it is completely intact.
We had planned to peel it off using hot water and sand the floors. We have done that with 1980s era vinyl tile, but have not attempted any removal of older flooring.
Swedish Flooring Products That May Contain Asbestos - Check Age & Date of Installation & Flooring Material
Reader Question:
From Marcus 3/23/14
First of thanks for doing the work you're doing and running this site, helping out people with their concerns.
Now on to my question, my parents recently bought a house and my Dad is a huge DIY-er. The previous owner was also a DIY-er (altough a very, very sloppy one). It has some of that old rubber flooring and I was concerned it might contain asbestos.
The house itself has a few tiles of Eternit on the outside but it looks like the previous owner gave up before he had covered the entire house since it's only fitted to a small area on the back and a little on a balcony area. Which made me worry that maybe there are other asbestos containing materials in the house.
Now on to the flooring. I'm afraid I can't tell you when he put it in. Somewhere between 60's and the 00's. I know Asbestos flooring was discontinued in Sweden in 1974 because of health reasons. I took some pictures and I'll attach them so you can have a look, they're not the best of quality but they show the floor itself as well as areas where there is no flooring and the backing can be seen.
- The floor of the biggest concern
Appreaciate answers and thanks again!
I took a look at your photos in the comment you posted at InspectApedia's home page - and I've re-published them here.
The first two images (above) look like vinyl or sheet vinyl flooring and vinyl or vinyl asbstos floor tile, the third looks like a jute fiber backed sheet flooring similar to linoleum (so more likely not an asbestos product).
You say the flooring could have been installed as early as the 1960's. Considering that tile and sheet flooring made by some manufacturers contained asbestos into the early 1970's in Sweden and may have been in stock and installed at least a few years after that date, and although you're discussing flooring (apparently) in Sweden (for which we have little information about flooring manufacturers) it would still be prudent to treat the unknown material as "presumed asbestos containing material" or PACM.
That does not mean to panic. Avoid creating a dusty mess and use the flooring removal or repair methods we discuss at InspectApedia - see ASBESTOS REMOVAL GUIDE, FLOORING or ASBESTOS REMOVAL, Wetting Guidelines if you need to remove further information on flooring removal.
Flooring in good condition is least hazardous if left in place, best with a covering. See ASBESTOS FLOORING LEFT IN PLACE
In Sweden, eternite slabs also contained asbestos. The importation of asbestos into Sweden did not fully cease until 1997.
I'll post your photos here to invite further reader comment.
Asbestos Materials Used in Sweden: Research Citations
Also see these references about asbestos materials in products used in Sweden and asbestos exposure of Swedish workers. My search did not find scholarly research on asbestos products used in Swedish homes in particular.
Reader Follow-Up: Asbestos Use to mid 1970's in Tarkett Flooring in Sweden
4/27/14 Markus L said:
Hello again, Markus from Sweden here. I promised I'd get back to you as soon as I sent a piece of the flooring to a lab and I finally got around to it last week.
While taking the sample I actually pulled up a bit more of the flooring and I noticed a brand name underneath "Tarkett". I looked them up and they were a Swedish flooring company that were indeed active during the asbestos era. I also spoke to a flooring person and he guessed the carpet I had was made in the early 80's. Tarkett was the first Swedish company to cease all asbestos usage in their products, this was in the mid 70's.
So I got the result back from the lab and the flooring did not contain any asbestos. I did not have the jute backed flooring tested since I assume it would yield the same test result, but I'll treat it as asbestos containing, just in case.
Thanks for all your help and hopefully someone else in the same situation as me will be able to get help from what we've learned here.
Markus thanks so much for the follow-up. This information will be helpful to other readers so I'll be sure to integrate the information into our articles. I recognize the Tarkett brand and am not surprised that that company led the Swedish way out of asbestos.
Jute, if we're pretty sure that's what it is, is indeed a plant product and itself would not be expected to contain asbestos. (There were some asbestos carpets for special applications however).
Good news. I agree with managing dust as best you can: dust from any 30-40-year old renovation work is typically loaded with irritants, allergens, and who-knows-what.
Beyond Tarkett, you Swedes lead the world in some categories and the U.S. in many - I wish our politicians were more embarrassed.
Thanks again
Examples of older sheet flooring that Does Not or is Unlikely to Contain Asbestos
This sheet flooring covering backed with burlap fabric is probably more than a century old. We examined it in an non-public area of the Justin Morrill Homestead, a historic building in Vermont. The material has not been tested for asbestos fibers.
But the backing material appears by visual inspection to be jute or "burlap".
Details about this older non-asbestos floor covering material are at LINOLEUM & SHEET FLOORING
See other examples of linoleum and sheet flooring at CONGOLEUM-NAIRN FLOOR TILES & LINOLEUM and also (just below) at ARMSTRONG SHEET FLOORING
Reader Question: sheet flooring from a 1986 Home in the U.S.
I am a senior and just purchased my retirement home which was built in 1986. All flooring is original, and I was unable to find the corresponding picture on your website. The kitchen and dining room is sheet vinyl or linoleum. I have attached 2 pictures and I am concerned, of course, about the damaged portion. Any help you can provide in identifying this will be very greatly appreciated. Thank you! - S.B. 11/5/2013
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An experimental project from the Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia has made the Endessa Pavilion part of the Smart City Expo in Barcelona, Spain. The project aims to explore how technology can create architectures that are adaptive to particular environments, and particular conditions.
This building starts with a simple premiss of a timber box with a grid façade on which modular components can be mounted. From an analysis of the building orientation and latitude, maps of insolation density can be created which allows façade components to be generated whose forms respond to the precise conditions expected at that point on the building. Moving across the façade each component will be different as its form is optimised to best meet the parameters to which it must respond. In this case that means providing shade and generating electricity from PV cells. Read more

subset: commoncrawl


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Henry Odi '98G assumes his new role as vice provost for academic diversity on May 1.
Henry Odi '98G, who brings more than two decades of experience at Lehigh recruiting, retaining and mentoring a more diverse faculty and student body, has been named to the newly created position of vice provost for academic diversity.
Odi, who has served as executive director of academic outreach and special projects since 1999, was selected following a national search. He assumes his new role on May 1.
"Creating the new position of vice provost for academic diversity is a step toward continued improvement of the environment on campus," says Lehigh President Alice P. Gast. "While we recognize that we, as a community, still have work to do, filling this new role with someone of Henry Odi's caliber greatly enhances our efforts in this continued campus transformation."
The new position, which reports to the provost, was created last year to help Lehigh enhance its efforts to transform recruitment, retention and the campus climate. In his new role, Odi will work with the university's senior administration, the Council for Equity and Community, and others across campus to leverage their collective work to promote diversity and inclusivity for the entire campus community.
"Henry's unwavering commitment to promoting academic diversity and his impressive record of success make him an ideal choice for this new role," says Provost Patrick V. Farrell. "In his nearly quarter of a century here at Lehigh, he's not only formed strong and productive working relationships with a wide range of campus constituencies, but he has also created and implemented many programs to further broader goals of inclusivity and diversity."
Odi, who is on the membership committee of the National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education, will work closely with the deans of the four colleges to recruit and retain a more diverse faculty. He also is expected to lead development of a pipeline of academic talent—both undergraduate and graduate—into Lehigh, and to serve as a collaborator and resource to the campus community to actively support diversity.
"Part of the excitement for me is that more people are going to be engaged in this, more people want to be engaged in this," Odi says. "I'm looking forward to bringing folks to the table. If you're a faculty member at Lehigh, or a staff member here, or an undergraduate or graduate student here, you're talented. Lehigh brought you in because they believe you are incredibly talented and smart. So we are going to tap into those talents and intellectual capacity, because that's what's going to continue to advance the mission and the vision of this institution."
Farrell thanked the search committee chaired by Helen Chan, professor and department chair of materials science and engineering, for their diligence and hard work.
"Henry's passion for all aspects of inclusiveness, coupled with his deep understanding of the Lehigh community, will be invaluable as he takes on this important leadership role for enhancing equity and community on campus," Chan says.
An innovator and mentor
Odi's 24 years at Lehigh have been marked by innovative and creative approaches to promoting academic diversity. He co-founded the S.T.A.R. (Students That Are Ready) Academies in 1989, a program that matches Lehigh students with Lehigh Valley students in grades 4-12 for one-on-one tutoring in math, English, science and other subjects.
He also is a leader in an ongoing program funded by the National Science Foundation to encourage black, Hispanic and female students to go into the so-called STEM fields—science, technology, engineering and mathematics. As part of the STEM program, Odi led efforts to design and build a 21st century space center at an Allentown middle school that teaches students the fundamentals of software programming and robotics and lets them use wireless remote control to guide robots across an extraterrestrial terrain called the "Mars Yard."
He also assisted in the development of the highly successful CHOICES program, which encourages middle school girls to consider studying engineering or science by having them participate in fun projects.
Odi earned his Ed.D. with an emphasis on administration at Lehigh in 1998, after receiving his undergraduate and master's degrees from Millersville University. His Lehigh career started in 1987, when he was hired as associate director of residential services, finance and administration and student affairs. He served as assistant to the provost for three years and then as assistant provost before being named founding executive director of academic outreach and special projects in the provost's office in 1999. Odi also has been an adjunct professor in the College of Arts and Sciences since 1990.
Over the years, Odi has mentored more than 10 assistant professors to achieve tenure and promotion, and has been faculty advisor to more than 30 successful graduate students. He is a two-time winner of Lehigh's Outstanding Faculty Advisor Award, and in 2008, was the recipient of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Award for Dedication and Commitment to Service, Equity and Community.
Most recently, he founded a new alumni affinity group called BALANCE (Black and Latino Alumni Network for Community and Equity), which aims to strengthen the relationships of black and Latino alumni with each other and the university.
Story by Jack Croft and Linda Harbrecht
Posted on Tuesday, April 12, 2011
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Hotels in 30573 - Tallulah Falls GA
Only hotels in 30573 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Tallulah Falls, GA for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 30573 hotels and motels so you can review the Tallulah Falls hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Rabun county and area code 706 are also listed.
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|Ndamukong Suh gives Detroit a vital weapon to combat Aaron Rodgers and Jay Cutler. (US Presswire)
ALLEN PARK, Mich. -- People who watch Detroit's Matthew Stafford practice this summer keep telling me how terrific the quarterback looks and how effective his offensive line has been protecting him. Well, good. Because a healthy Matthew Stafford might determine how far the Lions go.
Of course, Stafford can't raise the Titanic alone. If you play in the NFC North you better have something more than a quarterback to catch Green Bay and Chicago; you better have something -- or someone -- to squeeze Aaron Rodgers and Jay Cutler, too.
And the Detroit Lions do.
I'm talking about their defensive line in general and their defensive tackles in particular. Ndamukong Suh is one of them; rookie Nick Fairley and Corey Williams are the others. And all play pivotal roles in the resurrection of the Detroit Lions.
Suh needs no introduction. He was the NFL's Defensive Rookie of the Year last season, and I'd be shocked if he didn't pull down Defensive Player of the Year votes this time around. In fact, based on what I saw of the guy in 2010, I'd make him a leading contender.
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Fairley is the Lions' first-round draft pick, but you won't find him at practice. He's recovering from a broken foot, an injury that required surgery to insert a screw -- and while he no longer walks in a protective boot he probably won't be ready for the regular-season opener.
Big deal. It's a 16-game season, and the Lions seem unconcerned. Besides, they have Williams, another disruptive force in the middle, and I think you can see where this is going: With Suh and Fairley as starters and Williams rotating in and out of the lineup, how does anyone block Detroit's defensive tackles?
"You probably have to use four guys," said defensive coordinator Gunther Cunningham.
Well, now, we're getting somewhere. As I said, if you're serious about challenging Green Bay and Chicago you better be serious about attacking the pocket, and I mean attacking it without having to blitz. The Lions are, and look for them to push the middle with Suh, Fairley, Williams and Sammie Hill. Look for them to attack the edge, too, with people like Kyle Vanden Bosch, Cliff Avril and Lawrence Jackson -- provided, of course, Vanden Bosch is healthy. An injured shoulder kept him out of practice again Wednesday.
Their linebackers are so much better that coach Jim Schwartz calls them "our most improved position," while the secondary is still a question mark -- though there should be fewer leaks with Eric Wright at cornerback and the improved Amari Spievey at one safety.
Anyway, the bottom line is this: The Lions can and will pressure quarterbacks, and that's how they start to move forward. Two years ago they had the worst pass defense on the planet, and it showed in NFC North contests. Not only were they 0-6, they were outscored 199-88.
One year later, they jumped from 32nd against the pass to 16th and moved from 26 sacks in 2009 to 44. They also were 2-4 within the division and outscored 111-97. Of course a year later, they added Suh, Williams and Vanden Bosch. Now they've added Fairley, and I can only imagine the confusion Detroit causes when he rejoins the lineup.
"The thing that's most difficult for an offense is when a quarterback's getting pressure without a blitz," said Detroit coach Jim Schwartz. "It's very, very difficult if the quarterback doesn't have quick answers. If there's a blitz, there are a lot of one-on-ones available. But if you can pressure without blitz you can do so many more things in the secondary.
"They're all tied together. Hopefully, with the way things go, we can score some points that will allow guys up front to rush the passer more."
That's where Stafford comes in, and, as I said, so far, so good. But we still need to see him survive a 16-game season. The loss of rookie running back Mikel Leshoure hurt, and a nagging hamstring injury to second-round draft pick Titus Young bears watching. But I have no doubt the Lions will score … and score a lot … and that their defense starts flexing some muscle.
That makes them a tough out, and consider that a warning. Opponents used to hammer these guys because they couldn't defend the pass. So they drafted one of the top defensive linemen out there, paired him with one of the top defensive tackles anywhere and now turn them loose on opponents.
Smart. I mean, if you're going to beat Green Bay, you better have an answer for Rodgers. If you're going to beat Chicago, you better be able to frazzle Cutler. The Lions can, and, more important, they can do it without having to blitz.
"That's something we pride ourselves on," Suh said. "We want to be able to affect the QB at any point and time. I personally don't like when we blitz because it tells me exactly where I have to go and doesn't allow me to improvise a little bit -- which is what our coaches allow us to do when we're in our base."
The idea of Suh improvising at anything should make offensive coordinators cringe and quarterbacks cower. The guy is a one-man wrecking ball, last week ripping through Cincinnati's offensive line to turn rookie quarterback Andy Dalton upside down.
"I've never seen anyone like him," said Cunningham. "He amazes me every time I watch him. He is what he is, and he's a freak. But I've got news for [opponents]: When the next guy [Fairley] gets well, he has that same ability."
Tell me about it. The Detroit Lions understand it's a passing league. Heck, the last two seasons they had to play Rodgers, Cutler and Brett Favre. But they also understand that it's high time they did something about it, and I'm not talking about outscoring Rodgers and Cutler. I'm talking about stopping them.
Then beating them.
Granted, the Packers are loaded, but Detroit beat them down the stretch last season in a battle of backup quarterbacks and fell just short in October in a 28-26 loss at Lambeau. The Lions should have beaten Chicago in the season opener, too, but lost when Calvin Johnson's game-winning catch was overruled. Three months later, they nearly took the Bears down again in a 24-20 defeat.
The Lions didn't have Stafford then, and they didn't have Fairley. Both will make a difference this season if both can stay on the field.
"If we can get a 10-point lead in the fourth quarter," said Schwartz, "then, all of a sudden, it's a little different -- and that's part of the deal with putting these pieces in place."
Exactly. Which is why I'd start paying attention to Detroit. I know Green Bay and Chicago are ... and they should be.


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Counselor in Training I - Camp Kiwanis Day Camp08/04/14 9:00AM - 4:00PM
If you love working with younger campers and hanging out with older Girl Scouts, you will love this session. You'll spend the first week improving your camping and leadership skills and observing the counselors in action. Then you'll be paired with a unit to lead daily camp activities! You will receive the CIT I pin surrounded by your supporters at Friday family lunch.
Who: Girls entering grades 9-12
Monday, August 4, 2014 – August 8, 2014
Location: Camp Kiwanis
Time: 9:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.
Fee: $65 per girl per session - must attend both sessions
Min/Max: 5/10 girls
CIT I pin girls must attend both sessions.


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It can be exciting and stressful to visit a new place, whether you are a seasoned traveler or a novice. You should go over these tips to get suggestions on how you can have the best possible vacation.
Leave your valuables at home. Having valuable items with you on a trip is just asking to have them lost or stolen.
You must plan ahead if you are going to fly. It can take much more time then expected to get to airports in major cities because of traffic. Be packed and ready the night before. Be prepared long before you have to be at the airport. Missing a flight is a horrible experience that you never want to go through.
When traveling with children, carry a color picture of them with you at all times so that you can use it to identify them were they to get lost. It can be terrifying to lose your son or daughter. No matter how thoroughly it is guarded against, it can still happen. Keeping a picture with of your child with you in the event they become separated from you will help to locate them more easily than just a description will.
The shoes you wear when you go flying should be comfortable, lightweight, and easy to take off and put on. Most of the time, airport security will ask you to briefly remove them. Shoes that you find comfortable are critical. Do not worry about serious foot support; you will be doing a lot more sitting than walking when you travel by air. Ideally, you want to be wearing sandals or even flip-flops.
Many stores overcharge for these products, minimizing your savings. Try to be more efficient in how you pack instead. By applying these methods of packing, you will have considerable more space in your luggage.
Tip the bell boy and housekeeper when staying in a nice place. You don't have to overdo it, though, just a simple dollar per bag and no more than five dollars a day for the housekeeper is adequate enough. That ensures that the people in charge of your service are happy and helpful.
Get a good workout in before leaving on a flight. Long flights are taxing on your body and nerves. In addition, having to sit in one spot for hours can cause your back and legs to severely cramp up. Stretching beforehand, or doing some quick warm-up routines can help keep aches and leg cramps at bay.
Keep close track of your belongings while traveling, especially important things like money and identification. Be very aware of keeping a close eye on your purse when you are traveling. Do not carry a bag with easy access to any of the pockets. When buying a travel bag, keep this in mind.
Make sure that your shoes are comfortable whenever you travel, and easily removed. Most of the time, airport security will ask you to briefly remove them. Being comfortable is the most important thing. On planes and in airports, you will walk a little but sit a lot, so heavy-duty support is not necessary. Sandals and flip-flops are best for traveling.
By now you should have learned some good advice about getting the most from your travel. Remember that this collection of tips cover the basics of traveling: find out more about your destination and apply this advice to your particular vacation.


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Whether she's kicking you out the door or letting you back in, P!nk is ever inspiring with her strength. Every bit the kiss-off the title suggests, the first single off her soon to be released The Truth About Love, "Blow Me (One Last Kiss)" is the opposite of forgiving. "Eyes on fire," burning from all the time, "she thinks she's "finally had enough" and that she maybe "thinks to much." And so "no more battles for me," she begs, ending things. "Blow me one last kiss."
Meanwhile, this second The Truth About Love single takes the opposite approach to the maybe too challenging relationship by forgiving. Instead of walking out the door, she's going to "Try." "Sometimes I think it's better to never ask why," she submits, because sometimes "we fall in love so easy, even when it's not right." So instead of blowing one last kiss, she keeps trying. "Just because it burns doesn't mean you're going to die, you gotta get up and try," she sings on the ballad's chorus, determined as ever. Sometimes it takes as much strength to forgive as it does to kiss-off.
Pink Trys And Kills It In New Song! LISTEN HERE!!! [PerezHilton]


text: James Holmes mug shot (Arapahoe County Sheriff's Office via Getty Images) [ Colorado Shooting Suspect Had Prior Background Check By Associated Press August 23, 2012 A University of Colorado spokeswoman says a criminal background check was done on theater shooting suspect James Holmes before the July 20 attack. Read More|Comment Category: TS net Tags: background check, Colorado theater shootings, James Holmes, national, njsyndicated Send to a friend! Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr!


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Written by Wife Watcher / Oct 10, 1999
We had been married for about 5 years and our sex life was getting a bit boring. Not just for me but for my wife Veronica as well. One Saturday evening we had been invited to a fancy dress barbecue at my boss' house. Well, as I said, things weren't going so well between us at this point and when Veronica tried to cry off going to the party, I just lost my temper and ordered her to 'get ready as we are going, whether you like it or not.' Well, I couldn't believe my ears when she just answered meekly "Whatever you say Darling," and she went upstairs to shower and change. After a short while, I followed her upstairs. As I walked into the bedroom, she had dressed in her old gym slip and was just pulling on a pair of tights. "Oh no!" I said rather harshly, "Put on black stockings and suspenders."
"Whatever you say Darling." she replied. I didn't know quite what was happening , was she just winding me up or what. Instead of giving me an argument as she would normally do whenever I suggested something, she was obeying my every command. But of course, that was the difference, I wasn't suggesting things, as I normally would but because I was bad tempered, I was 'ordering her what to do' and she was responding. Was this the boost that our relationship needed, she seemed to like being bossed about, so why not see what I could get away with. "And don't wear any knickers!" I ordered. "What ever you want Darling." She smiled sweetly. "I'm going to show you off tonight to some of the guys from he office." "Oooh yes, Darling. That sounds exciting." She thrilled. "You've got a lovely little arse and I think that they deserve to see it." "Ooooohhhhh yessssss!" She hissed as she threw herself back onto he bed, pulled up the tiny gym slip and opening her legs she screamed "Fuck me! Fuck me now!" I didn't even bother to get undressed, I just pulled out my cock and dived on top of her lovely little wide open body. It was the best fuck we had for years. If this is what it took to turn her on, then I would order her about all the time. An hour later, when we couldn't do it any more. I crawled off the bed and as I headed off to the bathroom to get ready, I said to her "and shave your pussy as well. The boys deserve to see it shaved." "Yes Darling, what ever you say."
When we arrived at the party it was well underway. As we entered the main lounge Veronica drew a lot of admiring glances. The short gym slip was showing the tops of her black nylons and suspenders as she walked across the room. I knew that some of the guys from the office were swingers, wife swapping, gang bangs etc. I had been invited to some of their do's when we where first married but I was too much in love then. Not that we are any the less in love now. It's just that we have become in a rut and need some outside excitement. I suppose it is what is called "The 7 year itch." but we are getting it after only 5 years. I digress, as I knew that some of the guys were swingers, I would single them out to display Veronica 's charms to.
We said our polite 'hello's' here and there. I had formally introduced Veronica to my boss and his wife Val, who was quite a stunner herself. She was dressed in a very mini Roman toga. She was the type of girl who's legs go all the way up to her armpits. I noticed her from across the room just before I took Veronica over to introduce her. Val had been bending over, talking to someone sitting in an armchair and I could see that she wasn't wearing any knickers.
Across the hall in the Library, there was slow dance music and dimmed lighting. I took Veronica in there for a dance. As we slowly danced around with several other couples, I managed, accidentally, to raise Veronica's skirt and reveal her naked lovely little bottom. This was soon noticed and several of the guys where taking a keen interest. Veronica said that her bottom had been felt a couple of times by the guys who where dancing past. She said that someone had tried to insert a finger into her pussy but couldn't quite manage it as we danced away. Word must have spread because suddenly there where several guys without their wives just standing around the room watching us. Veronica said that she would like a drink, so we went back to the main lounge. I left Veronica sitting on a couch, her short gym-slip was pulled up and you could just see the top of her shaved mound. When I returned with the drinks, she was being entertained by several of the guys. They where all laughing and joking and I noticed that her legs where slightly apart and her pussy lips could be seen. I handed her the drink and sat in an armchair opposite. I noticed the guy sitting next to her having a sly squeeze of a breast.
The guy on the other side of her, would occasionally lean across her to reach some snacks that were on a side table. As he reached across her with his right arm, his left hand would slide between her legs and feel her shaved pussy. Veronica was obviously revelling in all this attention. She smiled over at me and winked. I returned the wink to let her know that I wanted her to enjoy herself. The guys started to get bolder, the one touching her pussy got his hand down between her legs and inserted a finger into her cunt. Veronica lay her head back on the back of the couch and closed her eyes. You could see the passion in her face as wave after wave of pleasure went through her body. The other guy sitting next to her, opened her blouse and exposed her breasts. He started to suck on her nipple. A guy standing behind the couch, reach down and caressed her other breast. Veronica worked her way up to a climax. The guy standing behind her, placed his hand over her mouth to keep her screams of pleasure muffled. When she came back to her senses and looked over at me, I indicated to her, would she like to dance and she nodded yes, so off we went to the dimly lit library. We where the only ones there dancing but pretty soon there where at least 6 guys standing watching.
I said to her "Did you enjoy that, you little slut?" "Oh yes. It was lovely. Are you going to order me do some more?" she asked in a little girl voice. "Well the first thing you can do, is twirl around while were dancing, so that everyone can see your shaved pussy." "Have I got to?" she asked, pretending that it was all against her will. Although it was slow dance music playing, she nevertheless twirled around a couple of times. Her little skirt swirled up and everyone in the room got a full view of my wife's lovely little bum and beautiful hairless pussy. Then I felt a tap on my shoulder and Andy from accounts, who I knew to be one of the swingers, asked if he could cut in.
I then stood in the corner and watched in the dim lighting as Veronica changed partners several times. Each guy giving her a good groping, feeling her bottom and sliding their hands under her gym slip and playing with her, by now, soaking wet pussy. Also her blouse had come open again and her breasts where on display, that is when they weren't being covered by groping hands. Andy came over to me and said "I didn't know that you two where into swinging." I told him that we weren't or at least hadn't been until tonight. I explained what had happened at home, how Veronica had been turned on by my ordering her about. "Oh that's not unusual. You often find girls prefer it that way. What's happening is that you are relieving them of the guilt. By 'Telling' them what to do, it's not their responsibility anymore." "You mean it then becomes MY fault?" I enquired. "Well, there probably will come a time when she will throw it up at you that she only did it for you but the main thing is that they are then free to indulge in all kinds of sexual excesses without any blame because they where ordered to do it." "Oh I see. So it's just like giving them permission to be the sluts that their mothers warned them against becoming." I said "Well you must know yourself, there must be things that you have fancied doing but guilt has prevented you from trying." said Andy "Do you think that she just wants to flirt or is she likely to want more?" "I don't really know but I certainly hope so."
"Would you mind if I asked her to come upstairs?" He asked. "No I don't mind you trying but wont the boss object to you using his bedroom for sex?" "No way." said Andy, laughing. "He prepares a couple of bedrooms just for that purpose. Hey look at that!" We could see that Veronica had stopped dancing and was being brought to a climax by a young guy I only knew by sight from work. He was vigorously fingering Veronica's clit and stifling her moans with a hard kiss. "I think that she is ready." Andy said as he made his way over to them. The next thing was that the 3 of them where heading for the door, followed by 2 other guys. I was turned on, watching my lovely wife being escorted out off the room by 4 men who where going to FUCK HER. I let them have a 5 minute start then set off to find them. Upstairs I went along the landing looking into the rooms, In each of the rooms there was some kind of sexual activity going on. I hadn't realised that these parties turned into orgies.
At last I found the right room. As I entered I could hear Veronica screaming in climax as thrusting a huge cock into her petite little body was none other than my boss Mr Hawkins. I had always thought of him as a bit prudish. Just shows how wrong you can be. Veronica was moaning "More, more. Fuck me, fuck me," I was astounded, I had never seen her so turned on. Andy was next to get on top of her, his dick went into her cunt really easy as she was so full of spunk. There where about 6 guys in the room, some I knew, others where strangers to me. I slipped out of my clothes (a vicars outfit by the way) as I felt out of place being the only one who was dressed. I had the most marvellous hard on and I was playing with it as I watched Veronica getting fucked by all these guys. It was turning me on out of my mind, when I felt a cool hand take hold of my cock. It was Val the boss's wife. "Isn't it a beautiful sight, watching your very own lovely little wife turn into a raging slut. Taking all the cock she can get. I bet this is the most turned on that you have ever been in your life, isn't it?" I just nodded that she was right. "I know the first time Fred saw me with someone else, he couldn't stop fucking me for a week he was that turned on. Mind you, it was slightly different. We were on our honeymoon and he had gone off to play tennis. He came back unexpectedly early and found me in bed with 2 black waiters fucking the life out of me. He didn't interrupt, he just stood there watching and wanking. Just the way you are. I think that you need some relief." So saying, she got onto her knees in front of me and expertly, very, very slowly sucked my cock until I just exploded into her mouth. I was so excited that I grabbed her head and rammed my cock right down the back of her throat. "Easy now, don't choke her to death." I opened my eyes to see that it was my boss talking to me and his lovely wife was still on her knees licking the last drops of sponk from the end of my cock. "She's the best cock sucker that I have ever met, that's why I married her." He said, laughing. Val rose to her feet and wiping the cum from her lips with he back of her hand she said "Thank you, that was delicious. Bye for now, lot's more hard cocks to find." and off she went.
"Isn't she great." continued Mr Hawkins. "And that lovely little sexpot of a wife of yours, well, the only word for her is fantastic. It's the greatest fuck I've had for years and I've had quite a few." "Thank you." Was all I could think of to say. "You come in to see me on Monday morning and bring the little lady with you," and off he went. I didn't see him or Val again that night. Meanwhile Veronica was having the time of her life as more and more men where coming in to the bedroom waiting their turn to fuck her. She was just insatiable. The more men who used her, the more she wanted. She has no idea how many men she had that night but Andy told me on Monday that going by the number of guests at the party plus 3 waiters, she must have had at least 20 cocks in her and there is a good chance that quite a lot of guys had her for a second time. In Andy's own words "She was the most popular girl at the party. A lot of the other girls where complaining that there wasn't enough men to go around because Veronica had worn them all out." Andy went on to explain that now that my wife and I where on the 'swinging' list, I was eligible for a company car and use of the various flats and villa's that the company has around the world. All unofficial of course.
When Veronica arrived for our meeting with Mr Hawkins, I explained to her what Andy had told me about the car and villas. She was really pleased with the news. We then went in to see Mr Hawkins. "Good morning!" He beamed "Hope you've got over your exhausting weekend." We took the seats that he indicated. "I'm sure that Andy has filled you in on the perks of the job." "Oh yes indeed." I replied. "There will of course be cash bonus' from time to time and you will be on the Medical Plan, well I'm sure that you know all about that from Andy. This afternoon I have a business meeting with 2 very important customers and I've promised them some fun. Would you like to be that 'fun'." He said directly to Veronica. "Only if it is a direct order." she replied "Right. You will be there at exactly 2pm. You will wear nothing but high heeled shoes, black stockings and suspenders and a top coat or Mac." "Yes Sir." She replied meekly. "Now get over here and bend over my desk." Without a word she did as she was told. Mr Hawkins held her down across the desk by the back of her neck and with his other hand raised her skirt. "Pull her knickers down." He said to me. I removed them completely. "Now finger her cunt and get it moist." As I opened her pussy lips, it was obvious that she was already turned on as the juices just flowed out. I looked around and he had his dick ready in his hand. As I got out of the way, he shoved the big thing into her and fucked her hard and quick. It was all over in 2 minutes. He pressed a buzzer on his desk and his secretary came in. "Clean me." Was all he said. She came around the desk and knelt down beside him. As he withdrew his cock from my wife's pussy, the secretary took it straight into her mouth and sucked him clean. "Now clean her," and with that she turned to Veronica 's spunked up cunt and buried her face deep into it and sucked and slurped for ages. This was givin g Veronica a terrific time, she was having climax after climax. Eventually the secretary left and I took Veronica home to change, ready to meet Mr Hawkins and friends that afternoon.
We arrived at the hotel as instructed and Mr Hawkins met us in the bar. "Veronica, the men you are going to entertain can give our firm some very big contracts, so I've no need to explain how important they are. So, I want you to go up to room 505 and do what ever they want. So off you go." Veronica walked off towards the lifts and as I also started to go, Mr H grabbed my arm. "No! You can wait for her here. There's no need to come back to work today, I'll see you in the morning." and he left. So I settled myself down to wait and fantasise about what Veronica was having done to her, upstairs. After about 2 hours she came back down. She looked realy wrecked but was smiling from ear, to ear. I took her home, threw her onto the bed and shoved my rock hard cock into her pussy. There was a tremendous slurping noise as I sunk my cock into her spunk filled cunt. I was that turned on, I came within seconds. It was then that she told me, in detail what had happened. I had to keep stopping her story in order to fuck her, again and again.
As you know, the way that you and Mr Hawkins order me around turns me on. So I was feeling really sexy, plus the fact that the way I was dressed, like a whore, just added to the excitement. I was thinking all the time, if only these people new that I am wearing nothing under this Mac apart from black stockings and suspenders.
Going up in the lift, I was trembling with excitement. I could feel the lift man staring at me, so feeling full of devilment, I pulled open my coat. When he saw me naked, his face went red and his trousers bulged with a magnificent 'hard on'. So when I put my hand on it, he stopped the lift between floors. I knelt down in front of him and took out his dick. "Do you want me to suck it?" I asked. "Oh yes, yes please." he replied. "That's not the way to ask." I said. "You have to order me to do it." He grabbed me by the hair and said. "OK, you fucking slut. Open your mouth. I'm going to fuck your throat." Well that really excited me. I opened my mouth, as ordered and closed my eyes as his huge dick was forced into the back of my throat. I started to choke at first, but as he grabbed the back of my head and forced the big thing down as far as it would go, I somehow managed to breath around it. We soon settled down to a rhythmic fuck. It didn't take him long to come but as he did, he pulled out of my mouth and shot his spunk all over my face. He then pulled my head back, holding me by the hair. He dragged his dick through the spunk on my face and made me lick it off his dick. He did it again and again until it was all gone.
I eventually arrived at room 505, I knocked and I was surprised when the door was opened by this completely naked black man. A very athletic build and quite a long cock (but not as long as it got when it was hard.) He was well over 6ft tall. He reached out and grabbed me by my Mac and dragged me into the room. The second man was pretty much the same (they could have been twins). I stood between them and slowly one of them removed my Mac. Then the two of them where all over me. kissing me, sucking me. Poking, feeling. Then they threw me onto the bed. They where chatting away to each other in a foreign language. They must have been discussing who was going to do what, first.
The both of them got onto the bed. (I didn't know one from the other.) One was between my legs. He lifted them up and put them over his shoulders. I could feel his hard dick pressing against my pussy. I looked down and to say that my eyes nearly popped out, would be an understatement. His big black dick must have been at least 12 inches long. I must admit that at that point I was feeling a bit nervous. But I began to relax as I felt it going in, spreading my insides as it went deeper and deeper. Then slowly out, then in. Gradually the tempo increased. The big dick fucked me, and fucked me. I was drifting off into an orgasm, when I felt the other guy's dick touching my lips, I opened my mouth and let him fuck it. I didn't try to suck him or give him any pleasure, I just lay there and let myself be used. Big black dicks going in and out of my throat and cunt. It was my fantasy come true. I didn't care what was done, so long as it was being done to ME!. The one in my mouth came first, squirting and squirting, long jets of spunk pouring down my throat. Then the other one started to come, filling my cunt with his spunk.
There was a few moments quiet as the 2 men collapsed. Then one of them got up, grabbed my wrist and pulled me up off the bed. Put my coat around my shoulders, I was still only wearing my shoes, stockings & suspenders, pulled me into the corridor. He opened the room door opposite and threw me inside. In the room there where 6 men playing cards. They all got up and surrounded me. "Welcome." said a tall man in his 40's. He was as black as the other 2 had been but the rest of the men where white. "We are the interpreters for Their Highnesses." he continued. "Their Highnesses?" I said in a somewhat startled voice. "Yes, you have been entertained by the Princes of my country. They are in this country to transact some business." "And I think I've just been part of that transaction." I replied, somewhat bewildered. "Yes. This is customary. Their Highnesses are usually given a beautiful woman for their pleasure and in their generosity, we are allowed to share in their good fortune." "You mean that you want me as well?" I said. "Only if you are willing." As he was saying this, 2 of the men where removing my coat, they took hold of my wrists and with one on either side of me, they held my arms out to the sides. The others closed in and I soon had hands all over me. Caressing my breasts, feeling my bottom, fingering my pussy. Someone behind me had eased his hand in between my legs and inserted a finger into my pussy. This made the lips open and allowed the sponk that the other 2 had put into me, start to trickle out and run down my thighs. One of the others was playing with my clit. The sensations of all this attention coupled with the kinkyness of the situation was turning me on. Picture it, I'm standing in the middle of a strange hotel room, surrounded by 6 strangers who where holding my arms in the crucifix position. I am dressed in only shoes, stockings & suspenders.
The clit playing sensations are doing their stuff, my head is thrown back, my eyes closed and I'm whimpering in pleasure. I involuntary spread my legs wider so that I am more accessible to the exploring hands. A voice is speaking to me. I can vaguely hear it through the fog of pleasure engulfing my brain. "Do you wish to stay?" it was saying. "I want to COME!!" I heard myself saying. "What else do you want?" the voice asked. "Anything!" I said between moans of pleasure. "Say it!" Demanded the voice. "Fuck Me!" I screamed. "Fuck me. Shag me. Let me suck cock. Give me spunk. Come on me. Come in me. Make me come. Let me come. Let me.... I'm commmmiiinnnggg!!!!!! Aaaaggghhhh!!!
My body just sagged. Had the men not been there to catch me I would have fallen. The next thing I knew, I was on the bed with naked men all around me. One was on top of me, I could feel his lovely cock going in and out of my cunt. Both my nipples where being sucked. A large cock was being pressed against my lips, I opened my mouth and let it in. I could taste the first dribble of spunk on my tongue. With a few sucks he came into my mouth. I didn't swallow it, as he withdrew, I let my lips part slightly and his spunk trickled out of the corner of my mouth. Another cock was shoved into my mouth before all the spunk had drained out. Soon I had another mouthful. I swallowed it down just as the guy fucking me, came. "Aaaaaggghhhh!!" he moaned as he thrust into me. I never feel so happy as when I'm looking into the face of a man to whom I am giving pleasure. Who is enjoying me, using me, filling me with his love juice. I don't know how long I was there, it seemed to go on and on for hours. Everyone there had fucked me and/or come in my mouth several times.
(Dear Reader, the way I remember what happened when we got home is slightly different than the way Brian remembers it. This is the way that I remember it.)
When we got back home I was that exhausted that I fell asleep, when I awoke Brian was naked and was sucking delicately on my cunt lips. Trying not to awaken me, he occasionally flicked his tongue inside and licked out some spunk. When he saw that I was awake he became bolder. He raised my legs and parting my thighs, buried his face into my cunt. I was enjoying the sensations as he rubbed his face from side to side, sucked and licked my cunt. He then raised himself up and lay on top of me. He inserted his dick into my spunk filled cunt and as he fucked me, he kissed me with a spunk filled mouth. As we French kissed, our tongues licking into each others mouths, we swapped the spunk back and forth until it was all gone.
When he did eventually come, it was magnificent. I said "Thank you Darling, for being so understanding of my need for other men, for other cocks." He replied "Thank you, for being a complete, delicious slut." It's true, I am and I love it.
Please visit our new video site at slutwives.com!
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Education Course Fact Sheet: An Introduction to Corrosion (co-hosted with ASM International)
Course content, instructors and details subject to change. This listing was last updated on March 1, 2013.
Date/Time: Sunday, May 5, 2013, starting at 8:00 a.m. For details, see course agenda
Course Chair & Instructor: Tom Glasgow, ASM International Instructor
Course Description: Curious about corrosion? You should be. Corrosion destroys about 400 billion dollars of value in the U.S. each year and a proportionate amount in all other countries. It is costly, dangerous, wasteful, and often unsightly. It is at work in your business, your home, your auto, and your yacht. Environments in which corrosion occurs range from moist air to salt water , from pipe lines to airlines, and possibly within the concrete of the bridges in your daily commute.
In this short course you will learn about the major forms of corrosion and the driving forces behind corrosion. Understanding the driving forces is the beginning to limiting or even avoiding the damage and danger corrosion presents. You will become familiar with the terminology needed to employ the provided textbook, allowing you to solve problems well beyond those covered in class.
Instructor Biography: Mr. Glasgow served most of his professional career as a research scientist and manager in materials science at NASA's John Glenn Research Center. He is author of more than 40 technical papers in the field of materials science with interests in powder metallurgy, solidification processing, corrosion, and technology transfer. . He is a Fellow of the American Society for Metals International and teaches some of their professional development classes, for which he has been recognized via the Cleveland Chapter's "Technical Educator of the Year" award. He is a recipient of an I-R 100 award for the development of oxide dispersion strengthened superalloys and is an inventor of the new material of choice for hydrogen cooled rocket engine thrust chambers as well as a new technology for characterizing three-dimensional fluid flows.
You may also like: Automotive Lubrication 201: Gasoline, Basic Lubrication 101 & 102. This course is a good complement to last year's Metallurgy course, which was also co-hosted with ASM.
Introduction: overview of the course day.
Corrosion as an Electrochemical Phenomenon: Aqueous corrosion occurs by two simultaneous reactions, one an oxidation, the other a reduction. Appreciating that the two are connected by transfer of electrons is the basis of corrosion control.
General or Uniform Corrosion: The most costly but least dangerous form of corrosion. Like all other forms, one may protect against general corrosion. Unlike other forms, it is relatively simple to plan for its attack.
Pitting Corrosion: Often observed on corrosion resistant alloys. These alloys have a special protection mechanism, passivation. Unfortunately local ruptures lead to localized severe problems.
Concentration Cell Corrosion: A surprising change in the electrolyte chemistry in occluded regions causes flanges to leak.
Galvanic Corrosion: As familiar as your flashlight battery, this form of corrosion could destroy your auto engine in the absence of corrosion inhibitors.
Stress Corrosion Cracking: Materials may exhibit rapid failure, fracturing in just a few hours, when exposed to specific environments.
Erosion Corrosion: Most commonly observed in rapid liquid flows, subtle electrochemical means have been shown to offer protection.
Intergranular Corrosion: Metals are crystalline, each crystal meeting others at grain boundaries. The boundaries may be significantly different in composition than the grain interiors, setting the stage for destruction.
Dealloying: Because corrosion is an atomic scale phenomenon, the corrosion process may remove one species of atom preferentially, leaving a leaking porous pipe behind.
Course Agenda
8-8:15 AM Introduction
8:15-9:30 AM Corrosion as an electrochemical phenomenon
9:30-10:30 AM General or uniform corrosion
10:40-12:00 PM Pitting corrosion
1:00-2:00 PM Concentration cell corrosion
2:00-3:00 PM Galvanic corrosion
3:15-4:00 PM Stress corrosion cracking
4:00-4:20 PM Erosion corrosion
4:20-4:40 PM Intergranular corrosion
4:40-5:00 PM Dealloying


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With our attempts to cultivate nature, humankind causes the rising of a next nature, which is wild and unpredictable as ever. Wild systems, genetic surprises, autonomous machinery and splendidly beautiful black flowers. Nature changes along with us.
Many things have been rumored about the artist called Manko since he vanished about a year ago. Some even went so far as to claim he had died. So it was all over the news when Manko came back from out of nowhere and started working on a giant installation for the brand new museum L'Œuvre in Paris.
Zero: 'Where to begin? We've had many discussions in our Lab about the future of the children. The plan was simple: to raise the kids to the physical age to be 'frozen' in. Then, to venture into space and reach other places where mankind can live, long after our known world ceases to exist.
Antoine Gill loved the idea of going into space. Our transport was long ready, but we needed many more years to prepare the children, both physically and mentally, for their exodus. What we did not see coming is that Gill simply had no patience to wait any longer. So he released the clearly threatening Nano-trails and initiated the lift-off, only to persuade us all to leave with him at once. He did not count on Bokor and me locking ourselves in the Lab and neither did he foresee Nada and you staying behind because of Askr and Embla.
So he left them in your care and took off with the rest of the children. Right now, they are out there, heaven knows where and there's nothing we can do to stop him. And I guess there's no point in that now.
Manko had been here before. Being just thoughts, surrounded by nothing.
He felt glad his thoughts were there, one after the other, so there had to be a form of time and therefore he had to still exist. He wondered about the fact that he was able to observe himself thinking. If he would stop thinking, would he just simply cease to exist? He attempted to stop thinking, but he couldn't. He contemplated living forever in this immense and unresponsive universe. This time he was not so sure that there would be anyone to wake him up again.
The children looked startled.
'Leaving?', Askr asked. 'But it's not time yet!', Embla said.
Manko had no clue of what was going on. Not yet time for what? The red ball turned purple and again a shock went through everyone in the room.
As they went down the elevator shaft, going deeper underground, neither Nada nor Manko spoke a word. To Manko it seemed to take forever.
In his mind, he went over the long conversation they had had at dinner. Zero had finally explained the reason for Manko to be invited. It was almost too crazy to believe, but here he was all the same, on his way with Nada, about to be introduced to these children. The first human beings to live forever, born eight years ago, living two miles underground.
Manko sighed.
Nada: 'Did you like it?'
Manko: 'I have to admit that if this is the starter, I'm not sure I'll survive the main course.'
Everyone at the table laughed.
Manko: 'Let me ask you, how is this considered dinner? I did not eat anything.'
Bessy: 'That's a good question. We do not really need to feed ourselves anymore. In fact, the soup you ate contained more than enough energy and body-repairing particles to keep you up and running for the next week.'
Now Manko understood why he had felt so energetic after the soup.
Manko blinked. Then blinked again, and again and again. While he did, he went through various layers at once and he was dazzled and amazed, his jaw dropped at all that he saw. He started blinking faster and faster. It didn't take a long time before he started getting dizzy.
Nada: 'You better stop blinking, or pretty soon you'll be throwing up. Bokor, please help him.'
As he blinked, Manko saw all kinds of layers pop out of Bokor's head. Bokor smiled.
Bokor: 'Close your eyes. Relax. Do not open your eyes until you feel you are ready for your maiden voyage. It will take patience and skill to navigate these layers properly. Start by exploring them one at a time and enjoy the discovery. It is a magical feeling that you can only experience once in your life. After a while it will just become part of your routine. It will become part of you, part of your nature. Now, when you open your eyes, blink fast three times and slow one time.'
When Nada returned as promised with a small bowl of soup in her hands, Manko was sitting upright with a grumbling stomach. Even now that Manko could see normal again, Nada's hair was still a red blur. Her green eyes looked at him curiously from under the short bob haircut.
Nada: 'Ha, you're staring at my kinetic hairdo.'
She shook her head, which made her hair flash up into a bright red light, as if she was a big matchstick and her head was about to burst into flames.
Nada: 'Here, this tomato soup will make you feel better. It's slightly enhanced with nano-tech, as is everything in this place.'
Manko put the bowl to his mouth and eagerly slurped the soup. It did not burn his mouth, so he took a big gulp and a warm stream made its way down his throat and into his rejoicing belly. This must have been the best soup he'd ever had. The warmth did not stop in his belly though, but continued to spread thoughout his body. A mellow warmth that soon reached his arms and leg. As he swallowed the last bit of soup, he could feel it already reaching his fingertips. It was as if he was being filled up like a radiator, hollow on the inside, with hot water filling him up entirely. It was a marvelous feeling.
Manko was completely cut off from everything around him, virtually dead, buried alive inside of his own body. He remembered Zero's advice not to panic, but to no effect. He had no feedback from his body. He couldn't even sense any breathing, which freaked him out. Right now in his mind waves of questions tumbled over each other.
Were these people serious about living forever? Was this the way he was supposed to contribute? By being preserved like this? He pondered on the possibility of never being woken up. Even if Zero's team wanted to revive him, would it not be possible that they would fail to wake him up? How often had they done this before? Were there more people like him in other rooms? Were they trying to bring him back to the world at this moment? Were there any complications? Would they soon give up on him?
The way down was slow and somehow greasy. Total darkness surrounded them. Gill turned on the car radio and the LED's lit up their faces in a green pulsating glow. 'Jovi Rocks!', Gill said. Manko seriously disliked the sloppy song, so when Gill started to violently shake his head to the music, Manko thought it wise to say nothing. The song had almost finished when they arrived at a large underground lobby and as Gill turned off the radio, he sang the last words out loud:
'They'll never let us go unless we try
I'm tired of living just to die.
We're getting out of here
destination anywhere!'
As Manko stepped out of the car, still troubled by Gill's taste in music, he noticed two men coming towards him. An old man with a grey suit, grey hair, a pair of heavy black eyebrows and a small grey moustache. The other man was quite tall and wore a Lab coat.
Zero: 'Welcome to our facility, Mr. Manko, my name is Zero, I am in charge of this operation. You cannot imagine how happy I am to see you.'
Last month we discussed how the vacuum played a big role in Manko's life since he lost his right leg. Soon he developed this idea further, beyond the mere notion of extensions into more abstract notions of what a vacuum is, as we saw in the earlier discussed works 'Zebra2′ and his later work 'KM3′. The copyright issues made Manko feel betrayed by the old art regime that did not seem to know how to deal with virtual artworks. There would not be a lot of time to make art while dealing with the various pending court cases.
Then, one rainy day in November, Manko received an invitation at his Paris apartment from a mysterious person simply called 'O'. The invitation was printed on an ultra-thin sheet of paper that felt like it would crumble in his hands yet proved rather strong. At the top of it was an embossed red geometrical 'O' and it had a watermark on it of something that looked like a molecular structure. The invitation read as follows: "Dear Mr. Manko, Your artistic work has come to our attention and we would like you to consider joining our laboratory to work on an innovative project with us. We think you have the relevant mindset we need to complete our team. If you accept this invitation, please flush it down your toilet and we'll be in touch with you soon. Yours sincerely, 'O'."
I should tell you the story of how Manko lost a leg. You need to know about this incident to understand his recent works. So please forgive me, I first have to go back to that unfortunate day, before I continuing where we left off last month.
Manko was 23 years old, and studied sculpture at the time. He was quite impulsive and loved to do things differently than others, just for the sake of it. An example: one day he threw himself through the window of a bus stop, just to know what that would be like, but also because he would know that he had done something than none of his friends would ever do. And he did not do it for them either. He did it to feel special. The consequence of having to pick a hundred tiny splinters of glass from his face only made it more memorable.
In this first review of the works of Manko, we'll discuss the complex sorts of plagiarism in Augmented Reality art that are typical for our contemporary art scene. This introduces a relevant clue to the later demise of Manko.
By ASTON REVOLA, Paris 21-08-20, for NextNature.net
Last year, in May, Manko released an artistic Augmented Reality (AR) application that showed what the missing arms, legs and even heads of some of the most famous sculptures in art history were supposed to look like. Based on artist sketchbooks he remodeled them in 3D and with the use of the new contact lenses of the museum, visitors could now see the whole picture. It was a huge success and soon enough Manko licensed others to remix these virtual body parts he designed. One of the best remixes was actually done by Manko himself, where he transposed the arms of Milo's Venus onto Dali's version, making the arms move and search all the drawers in her chest, frantically and endlessly.


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see how they run. They all ran after the farmer's wife..."
Under the Lights, who brought Arsenic and Old Lace (1952) and You Can't Take It With You (1936) to the Athenaeum, is
now pleased to invite you to get caught in The Mousetrap (1952), Agatha Christie's tale of murder, mayhem, and
madcap hilarity. Join the guests at snowed-in Monkswell Manor as the persistent Sergeant Trotter
encounters a diverse array of the eccentric and the abnormal as he attempts to glean the truth and expose
the perpetrator of two murders. Motive can be misleading-who is guilty? Is it the forward and macho
Paravicini, or is it the straight-laced and reserved Giles? Perhaps it is the severe Miss Casewell, or maybe the
level-headed Mollie, the least likely of criminals? Please join the cast and crew of The Mousetrap (1952) at the
Athenaeum on April 11, 12, and 13 for dinner, or April 14 for brunch.
Prices for Dinner Theater
CMC student with meal card $7.50
CMC student, faculty, and staff without meal card $10.00
Each CMC person may bring one guest at the discounted rate:
Guest with meal card $7.50
Guest without meal card $10.00
All other students, faculty, and staff $12.50
(a limit of two tickets at this price)
Community persons and all others $15.00
Play only $3.00