text:
Methods and systems that include a nanotube used as an emitter in the testing and fabrication of integrated circuits. The nanotube emits a signal to a substrate. Based on the signal or the electrical properties, e.g., current induced in the substrate by the signal, the region of the substrate is characterized. The characterization includes topology of the region of the substrate such as determining whether a recess in the substrate has a proper depth or other dimensions or characteristics of the substrate.
1. A method, comprising:
selectively activating one or more nanotubes of a plurality of nanotubes to emit an electrical signal toward aligned regions of a substrate, wherein the one or more nanotubes are alignable with features of the substrate and adapted to emit the signal to the substrate when activated;
sensing a current generated by the electrical signal, the current flowing through the substrate;
comparing the current to a reference current; and
determining whether a via is completely formed in the substrate based on the comparison.
2. The method of
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. A method, comprising:
selectively activating one or more nanotubes of a plurality of nanotubes to emit an electrical signal toward aligned regions of a substrate, wherein the one or more nanotubes are alignable with features of the substrate and adapted to emit the signal to the substrate when activated;
sensing a current generated by the electrical signal, the current flowing through the substrate;
comparing the current to a reference current;
determining whether a recess is completely formed in the substrate based on the comparison, and
if the recess is incompletely etched, using a nanotube of the plurality of nanotubes to further etch the recess.
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. The method of
simultaneously sensing a current through the substrate, when etching reaches a desired depth of the recess the current in the substrate reaches a predetermined reference value, and when the predetermined reference value is sensed, the etching is stopped.
10. The method of
stopping the etching when a substrate current reaches a predetermined reference value, including setting the reference value approximately equal to a substrate current when a contact formed in the insulating top layer and exposed by the recess is cleared of dielectric.
11. The method of
etching a dielectric layer to form a reference recess as part of the manufacturing step;
measuring a substrate current at an end of the manufacturing step; and
verifying that a reference contact at a distal end of the reference recess is cleared of dielectric.
12. The method of
13. The method of
This invention pertains to integrated circuit technology, and more particularly to inspection systems and methods.
As integrated circuits become more dense it is necessary to decrease the dimensions of integrated circuit components. Small dimensions create the necessity to test components during fabrication to reduce failure in components. Components are fabricated on different levels of a substrate. The different levels are insulated from each other. Interconnects are formed through the insulators to components on different levels to form a working integrated circuit. This can be accomplished by etching holes in the insulating layers to connect one layer to another. In the art of integrated circuit manufacturing, these etched holes are referred to as contacts or vias.
A long standing problem in the art of fabricating integrated circuits is that of completing a process step and not knowing whether the process step completed successfully. This problem is further amplified by the smaller material dimensions. Some methods use light sources to view the etched holes but these methods have limited resolution in narrow holes for incompletely etched insulating film remaining at the bottom of the hole. If the step did not complete successfully, and the processing of the integrated circuit continues, then it is likely that at the end of the fabrication process the circuit will not work as designed. Thus, continued processing after a failed process step results in wasting the costs of processing after the failed step.
For these and other reasons, there is a need for the present invention.
The present invention includes methods and systems that include a nanotube used as an emitter in the testing and fabrication of integrated circuits. The nanotube operates as an electron emitter to generate energetic electrons that are used to inspect an integrated circuit structure, in an embodiment.
One method includes providing a nanotube emitter, using the nanotube emitter to send a signal to a substrate, and characterizing a region of the substrate based on the signal. This method is used to determine the topology of the region of the substrate such as determining whether a recess in the substrate has a proper depth or other dimensions/characteristics of the substrate. In an example, the substrate and nanotube are positioned relative to each other such that a dielectric layer with an etched recess is in a path of the signal emitted by the nanotube. Dielectric layers include one of an oxide, a nitride, borophosphosilicate, silicon-dioxides, silicon-nitrides, and tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicates. The nanotube has a small diameter tip, typically on the order of one to ten Angstroms. The nanotube is a carbon nanotube in an embodiment. The nanotube is a boron carbon nitride nanotube in an embodiment. The nanotube is a boron nitride nanotube in an embodiment. In an embodiment, the method or system of the present invention determines whether a via is completely formed by sensing the current emitted from the nanotube tip and comparing the sensed current to an expected value when the nanotube is sending its signal into a completely formed via. In an embodiment, sensing includes sensing a rate of change of the current in the substrate.
An embodiment of the method includes dry etching a substrate. In an embodiment, the dry etching creates a plurality of recesses in an insulating layer at the top of the substrate. The nanotube is moved to align with the recess such that the nanotube emits its signal into the recess and induces a current in the substrate. The current in the substrate is sensed to determine the characteristics of the recess. If the recess is not completely etched then the nanotube creates a further etching to clean out the bottom of the recess in an embodiment. In an embodiment, the nanotube generates localized plasma by emitting a high energy signal. The plasma can be created from a rare gas adjacent the nanotube. The plasma includes ions that are physically driven into the bottom of the recess to further etch the incompletely etched recess. In an embodiment, the current through the substrate is simultaneously sensed. When the further etching reaches the desired depth of the recess the current in the substrate reaches a desired value, typically its maximum. At this point the further etching by the nanotube is stopped.
The systems include a nanotube or a plurality of individual nanotubes. The plurality of nanotubes is individually actuatable in an embodiment. The nanotube includes any of the features described above with regard to the method. A system for testing integrated circuit substrates includes a nanotube emitter assembly adapted to transmit an electrical signal to a substrate, and a current sensor electrically coupled to the nanotube emitter assembly. The current sensor is adapted to sense the current induced in the substrate by the electrical signal transmitted by the nanotube emitter assembly. In an embodiment, the nanotube emitter assembly includes a carbon nanotube. In an embodiment, the carbon nanotube is a boron carbon nitride nanotube. In an embodiment, the carbon nanotube is a single walled nanotube. In an embodiment, the nanotube emitter assembly includes a boron nitride nanotube. In an embodiment, the nanotube emitter assembly includes an aluminum nitride nanotube. The system further includes a controller adapted to spatial position the nanotube relative to the substrate. The current sensor senses the charge/discharge time of the current input into the substrate by the nanotube emitter.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural, logical and electrical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The terms wafer and substrate used in the following description include any base semiconductor structure. Both are to be understood as including silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology, thin film transistor (TFT) technology, doped and undoped semiconductors, epitaxial layers of a silicon supported by a base semiconductor structure, as well as other semiconductor structures well known to one skilled in the art. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
The inspection system 100 operates to examine the substrate 110 to determine the topology of the surface of substrate 110. In an embodiment, the system determines the extent and/or completeness of the etching of layer 120 to form a recess 121. An emitter support 131 includes a nanotube emitter 133 that, due its nano-dimensioned tip, emits an electron stream 134 toward the substrate surface and in particular into a recess 121. Nanotubes are suited for the purpose of inspecting narrow dimension recesses used in integrated circuits. The nanotube is a carbon nanotube in an embodiment. One example of a carbon nanotube is a boron carbon nanotube. A further example of a nanotube is a boron nitride nanotube. A further example of a nanotube is an aluminum nitride nanotube. A further example is a doped nanotube. The doped nanotube is electrostatically doped to form two halves of a single nanotube with each half having a different dopant. This essentially creates a diode configuration. The nanotube emitter 133 includes a tip that provides a high intensity source for electrons. The tip has a width of about ten angstroms in an embodiment to focus the electron stream. Such a nanotube has a field emission of a 2V/mm and can produce current densities on the order of about tenths of amps per square centimeter. These nanotube emitters may produce current densities as high as one amp per square centimeter. In an embodiment, the nanotube is a single walled nanotube ("SWNT") with a diameter of about 1 nm or less and a length greater than about one to three orders of magnitude greater than the diameter. In an embodiment, the SWNT has a diameter of about 3 nm-8 nm. In an embodiment, the SWNT has a current density of greater than or about 2 MA/cm2. In an embodiment, the electric field is greater than three V/μm.
A controller 135 is connected to the nanotube support 131. The controller 135 operates to control the relative position of the nanotube 133 relative to the substrate 110 and recesses 121. In an embodiment, the controller includes a stepper that sequentially moves the nanotube 133 into alignment with the recesses 121 such that the nanotube 133 directs its electron stream 134 to one recess and then to another recess after completing the testing/evaluation of the prior recess. The controller 135 further includes a voltage source that applies a voltage to the nanotube 133 to create the electron stream 134.
An inspection current sensor 115 is electrically connected to the substrate 110. The current sensor operates to sense current flow from the nanotube 133 through the substrate 110. The current sensor is a circuit capable of sensing current or the rate of change of a current signal. In an embodiment, sensor 115 is an ammeter or a calibrated ammeter. In an embodiment, sensor 115 is a computer system capable of measuring current or the rate of change of a current signal.
In operation, the controller 135 aligns the nanotube 133 with a recess 121. The controller 135 moves the support 131 and, hence, nanotube 133 in three dimensions as indicated by the axis shown above controller 135 in
To form the electrical communication lines, recesses 121 are etched into the insulating layer, 505. One form of etching is a wet etching process that uses masks on the insulating layer to pattern layer and solutions of chemical that remove the unmasked portions of the insulating layer. Another form of etching is dry etching. Dry etching does not use solutions on or immerse the substrate in a bath to form the recesses as wet etching does. Dry etching generally uses ion bombardment or a chemical reactive method to form the recesses, e.g., 121 in
The recesses are now tested for complete etching using the systems and methods using nanotubes as emitters as described herein in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, 507. The testing is performed inline without removing the substrate from the fabrication equipment or process flow. This improves reliability by testing without adversely effecting throughput of the fabrication process. The testing aligns a nanotube emitter with a recess and transmits an electron beam into the recess. The current in the substrate is measured. A determination whether the vias or recesses are completely etched, 509, by comparing the sensed current in the substrate with an expected value. The expected value is determined experimentally by testing a known substrate architecture with the nanotube emitter inspection system. If the recesses are completely etched, then the substrate continues on to a subsequent fabrication process, 511.
If it is determined that the recesses are not completely etched, then substrate undergoes a corrective etching process, 513. If the mask remains in the substrate, the substrate is returned to the dry etching process and the dry etching is repeated. This repeated dry etching process is desirable if there are a significant number of recesses that require further etching and the further dry etching will not further undesirably etch or damage the completed recesses. As an alternative, the nanotube emitters are used to dry etch only the incompletely etched recesses. A rare gas environment is introduced into the chamber having the substrate and the inspection system 105. The nanotube emitter associated with the incompletely etched recess or via uses its field emission to charge the insulating material remaining in the recess while simultaneously causing electron impact by the rare gas species. That is, the nanotube emitter dry etches the recess in a localized manner. Essentially, this process is a highly localized sputtering in the recess to remove the remaining insulating layer from the bottom of the recess. The field emission for the nanotube emitters is higher than the emission for testing the completeness of the recess. In an embodiment, the current sensed by the current sensor should steadily increase as the insulating material in the recess is removed by the localized dry etching by the nanotube emitter. It is desirable to limit the magnitude of the field emission from the nanotube to selectively remove the insulating material but not remove the material, e.g., contact, at the surface of the substrate. Once the reading at the current sensor reaches the desired value that corresponds to the energy input to the cleared recess by the nanotube as it travels through the substrate (e.g., voltage drop), then the nanotube emitter ends its creation of the localized dry etching.
The value of the current sensed by the current sensor can further be saved in a database that provides the ability to track defects and to analyze the fabrication process. This data analysis is important to the quality of the manufactured material. Variations in production conditions can cause entire lots of product to be discarded, wasting valuable production time and money. Quick data analysis based on the measured signals may avoid wholesale scrapping of chips. The measured signals may be correlated with other fabrication data, which includes at least one of parametric production data, film thickness data, critical dimension data, and changes to any parameter in the fabrication data, and any other data that is relevant to the production process and its condition. This data may be analyzed for trends and other statistically valid measures.
If the comparison of the measured signals matches the stored values, then the substrate continues fabrication processing, 605, e.g., depositing additional layers, dicing, packaging, etc. However, if the comparison indicates a defect, then the process decides whether corrective processing can be performed on the defect, 607. If the defect is one on which corrective processing can not be performed, then the substrate is scrapped at this point in processing, 609. Scrapping means removing the substrate from further processing so that time and materials are not wasted on a known defective substrate. If corrective processing is available, then the corrective processing is performed, and the substrate is returned to the inline testing, 603. Corrective processing includes the use of the nanotubes to further etch the surface of the substrate to remove some material on a localized, i.e., nanometer, basis.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the current leaving the nanotube emitter 133 is measured. The current leaving the nanotube will vary according to the material on the substrate surface being impinged by the electron stream emitted by the nanotube. This is based on the field emission properties of the nanotube.
Various embodiments of processes and systems for measuring the surface voltage have been described above. Some of these processes and methods can be used in connection with the measurement of a surface voltage of semiconductor substrate 715. Measurement system 700 has the advantage that semiconductor substrate 715 is not removed from plasma etch chamber 705 before making a surface voltage measurement, and therefore reduces the overall manufacturing time for the substrate.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in one or a combination of hardware, firmware, and software. Embodiments of the invention may also be implemented as instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which may be read and executed by at least one processor to perform the operations described herein. A machine-readable medium may include any mechanism for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). For example, a machine-readable medium may include read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disc storage media, optical storage media, flash-memory devices, electrical, optical, acoustical or other form of propagated signals (e.g., carrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, etc.), and others.
The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. Section 1.72(b) requiring an abstract that will allow the reader to ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to limit or interpret the scope or meaning of the claims.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are occasionally grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment.
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text:
Poltergeist III
He's Found Her.
In this third part, Carol Anne's family has been removed and the setting has changed from a California house to a Chicago highrise where she's temporarily living with her aunt and uncle. Carol Anne's clairvoyance still attracts the ghosts, but this film has the feel of a bad Nightmare on Elm Street sequel. There are a few spooky mirror tricks, but the special effects are mostly quite dour and Ms. O'Rourke is getting a little old for the part.
1988-U.S. 95 min. Color. Directed by Gary Sherman. Cast: Tom Skerritt (Bruce Gardner), Nancy Allen (Patricia Gardner), Heather O'Rourke (Carol Anne Freeling), Zelda Rubinstein, Lara Flynn Boyle, Kip Wentz.
Trivia: Some say this franchise is cursed; Dominique Dunne was murdered after the first movie, Julian Beck died of cancer after the second one and Ms. O'Rourke died shortly after the third one.
Due to spam, I am forced to moderate comments, which is why it may take a few hours until your comment is displayed.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Posted at: 03/09/2013 1:39 PM
By: The Associated Press
SANTA FE, N.M. (AP) - A Senate panel recessed before it took a vote of whether Public Education Secretary Hanna Skandera should be confirmed to the cabinet-level position she's held the past two years.
The Senate Rules Committee is meeting Saturday allowed members to question Skandera.
However, a vote was not taken before the meeting ended and it is unclear when the meeting and the confirmation vote will take place.
A week ago, the committee listened to public testimony from those supporting and opposing Skandera's appointment by Republican Gov. Susana Martinez.
It's possible that Skandera could continue to languish without a Senate vote, and that would allow her to remain on the job.
If the Senate rejects Skandera, she would be ousted from her post running the Public Education Department.
Senators last rejected a cabinet secretary in 1997, when Republican Gov. Gary Johnson was in office.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


text:
Class acts
Who will rule the courts this fall in South Texas?
Class 5A
Late blooming Carroll hit its stride during District 28 play en route to the district crown last season. With several key players returning this season, the Tigers are probably favored to defend their crown, although district rival King may have something to say about that. Ray - with new coach Fernanda Bastos, who is a former Texas A&M-Corpus Christi volleyball player - Miller, Moody - with new coach Marina Gallegos, who is a former Texas A&M-Kingsville and Carroll High School softball player - and Victoria Memorial also plan to challenge Carroll and King this season.
"We'll be in the mix again this year," Carroll coach Doris Elizondo said. "I look for Moody and Ray to be stronger and King and Victoria Memorial are always a threat. The same thing with Miller - they're another program (that is in the building process)."
"It's going to be an interesting year (in District 28) with Ray and Moody having new coaches and Miller trying to do some new things," King coach Melinda Horton said.
Class 4A
For the second consecutive year Calallen and Flour Bluff tied for the district championship this past season and the Hornets prevailed in a first-place tiebreaker match. Both the Wildcats and Hornets advanced to the Region IV semifinals of the playoffs before they were eliminated. If the past two seasons are any indication, those teams may need another tiebreaker playoff match to determine first place in District 31 this year.
"Flour Bluff has a lot of great kids coming back and they're going to be really good," Calallen coach Lupe Cardona said. "We understand that it's going to be really tough but we're ready for it."
"Calallen always reloads and it's always tough," Flour Bluff coach Joni Luna said. "When the Wildcats and Hornets meet anything's possible. It's just - who's ready for show time."
The third playoff spot in District 31 should be up for grabs this season with Alice, Kingsville, Gregory-Portland, Robstown and Rockport-Fulton vying to join Calallen and Flour Bluff in the postseason party.
Class 3A
Led by senior defensive standout Kate Janota, Sinton will probably battle Goliad for District 30 supremacy, while Aransas Pass, Ingleside and Mathis also will be in the mix for a playoff berth.
Falfurrias took District 31 by storm last year and is out to defend its title this year, although returning playoff teams Orange Grove and West Oso also have their sights set on district crowns.
"Falfurrias should do well again (in District 31)," West Oso coach Cheryl Fillmore said. "And like us, Zapata had a real young team last year and they have almost everybody coming back, so they may slip in there (in the District 31 playoff race). You can't take anything away from San Diego, either because they're scrappy and they hustle no matter who they have (playing)."
Class 2A
Refugio is geared toward making another run at the Region IV tournament this year, while George West wants to do the same after falling to the Bobcats in the Region IV quarterfinals this past season. With 2004 District 31 MVP Stefanie Robbins back for her senior year, Three Rivers appears to be the biggest potential area playoff roadblock for the Bobcats and Longhorns this season.
"George West has great coaching and year after year they have a really good team," Refugio coach Gary Lamar said. "Three Rivers is one of the sleepers that that could surprise a lot of people, (Defending state champion) Poth will probably be ranked No. 1 again and Odem may be the Cinderella (story) this year."
Class A
Woodsboro is probably still in a class by itself in terms of the area teams this season, although Benavides and Kingsville Academy hope to be the Eagles' biggest challengers.
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The Physical Sciences Directorate conducts cross disciplinary research on electrical energy storage (EES) spanning from basic to applied efforts. Basic studies include mechanistic investigations, the identification and synthesis of promising materials, and the characterization of properties under battery operation. Applied studies address novel electrode and device design and fabrication. Complementing this EES research is the development of tools to characterize and model EES processes and devices. The need for enhanced characterization tools, for example, is pushing ORNL's signature capabilities to new limits of resolution and sensitivity, with capabilities for in situ studies. This poster will highlight selected research that promises to transform our understanding or our approach toward the materials, chemistry, architecture, and fabrication of both current and future EES devices.
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Analysis of MOLAP (Multidimensional OnLine Analytic Processing) products and vendors. Related subjects include:
- Cognos (which now owns TM1)
- Oracle (which now owns Essbase)
- Microsoft (which offers Microsoft Analysis Services)
- Data warehousing
A new logical data layer?
I'm skeptical of data federation. I'm skeptical of all-things-to-all-people claims about logical data layers, and in particular of Gartner's years-premature "Logical Data Warehouse" buzzphrase. Still, a reasonable number of my clients are stealthily trying to do some kind of data layer middleware, as are other vendors more openly, and I don't think they're all crazy.
Here are some thoughts as to why, and also as to challenges that need to be overcome.
There are many things a logical data layer might be trying to facilitate — writing, querying, batch data integration, real-time data integration and more. That said:
- When you're writing data, you want it to be banged into a sufficiently-durable-to-acknowledge condition fast. If acknowledgements are slow, performance nightmares can ensue. So writing is the last place you want an extra layer, perhaps unless you're content with the durability provided by an in-memory data grid.
- Queries are important. Also, they formally are present in other tasks, such as data transformation and movement. That's why data manipulation packages (originally Pig, now Hive and fuller SQL) are so central to Hadoop.
Notes and comments, May 6, 2014
After visiting California recently, I made a flurry of posts, several of which generated considerable discussion.
- My claim that Spark will replace Hadoop MapReduce got much Twitter attention — including some high-profile endorsements — and also some responses here.
- My MemSQL post led to a vigorous comparison of MemSQL vs. VoltDB.
- My post on hardware and storage spawned a lively discussion of Hadoop hardware pricing; even Cloudera wound up disagreeing with what I reported Cloudera as having said. Sadly, there was less response to the part about the partial (!) end of Moore's Law.
- My Cloudera/SQL/Impala/Hive apparently was well-balanced, in that it got attacked from multiple sides via Twitter & email. Apparently, I was too hard on Impala, I was too hard on Hive, and I was too hard on boxes full of cardboard file cards as well.
- My post on the Intel/Cloudera deal garnered a comment reminding us Dell had pushed the Intel distro.
- My CitusDB post picked up a few clarifying comments.
Here is a catch-all post to complete the set. Read more
The two sides of BI
As is the case for most important categories of technology, discussions of BI can get confused. I've remarked in the past that there are numerous kinds of BI, and that the very origin of the term "business intelligence" can't even be pinned down to the nearest century. But the most fundamental confusion of all is that business intelligence technology really is two different things, which in simplest terms may be categorized as user interface (UI) and platform* technology. And so:
- The UI aspect is why BI tends to be sold to business departments; the platform aspect is why it also makes sense to sell BI to IT shops attempting to establish enterprise standards.
- The UI aspect is why it makes sense to sell and market BI much as one would applications; the platform aspect is why it makes sense to sell and market BI much as one would database technology.
- The UI aspect is why vendors want to integrate BI with transaction-processing applications; the platform aspect is, I suppose, why they have so much trouble making the integration work.
- The UI aspect is why BI is judged on … well, on snazzy UIs and demos. The platform aspect is a big reason why the snazziest UI doesn't always win.
*I wanted to say "server" or "server-side" instead of "platform", as I dislike the latter word. But it's too inaccurate, for example in the case of the original Cognos PowerPlay, and also in various thin-client scenarios.
Key aspects of BI platform technology can include:
- Query and data management. That's the area I most commonly write about, for example in the cases of Platfora, QlikView, or Metamarkets. It goes back to the 1990s — notably the Business Objects semantic layer and Cognos PowerPlay MOLAP (MultiDimensional OnLine Analytic Processing) engine — and indeed before that to the report writers and fourth-generation languages of the 1970s. This overlaps somewhat with …
- … data integration and metadata management. Business Objects, Qlik, and other BI vendors have bought data integration vendors. Arguably, there was a period when Information Builders' main business was data connectivity and integration. And sometimes the main value proposition for a BI deal is "We need some way to get at all that data and bring it together."
- Security and access control – authentication, authorization, and all the additional As.
- Scheduling and delivery. When 10s of 1000s of desktops are being served, these aren't entirely trivial. Ditto when dealing with occasionally-connected mobile devices.
|Categories: Business intelligence, Business Objects, ClearStory Data, Cognos, Data warehousing, Endeca, Information Builders, Metamarkets and Druid, MOLAP, Platfora, Predictive modeling and advanced analytics, QlikTech and QlikView
|11 Comments
It's hard to make data easy to analyze
It's hard to make data easy to analyze. While everybody seems to realize this — a few marketeers perhaps aside — some remarks might be useful even so.
Many different technologies purport to make data easy, or easier, to an analyze; so many, in fact, that cataloguing them all is forbiddingly hard. Major claims, and some technologies that make them, include:
- "We get data into a form in which it can be analyzed." This is the story behind, among others:
- Most of the data integration and ETL (Extract/Transform/Load) industries, software vendors and consulting firms alike.
- Many things that purport to be "analytic applications" or data warehouse "quick starts".
- "Data reduction" use cases in event processing.*
- Text analytics tools.
- Splunk.
- "Forget all that transformation foofarah — just load (or write) data into our thing and start analyzing it immediately." This at various times has been much of the story behind:
- Relational DBMS, according to their inventor E. F. Codd.
- MOLAP (Multidimensional OnLine Analytic Processing), also according to RDBMS inventor E. F. Codd.
- Any kind of analytic DBMS, or general purpose DBMS used for data warehousing.
- Newer kinds of analytic DBMS that are faster than older kinds.
- The "data mart spin-out" feature of certain analytic DBMS.
- In-memory analytic data stores.
- Hadoop.
- NoSQL DBMS that have a few analytic features.
- TokuDB, similarly.
- Electronic spreadsheets, from VisiCalc to Datameer.
- Splunk.
- "Our tools help you with specific kinds of analyses or analytic displays." This is the story underlying, among others:
- The business intelligence industry.
- The predictive analytics industry.
- Algorithmic trading use cases in complex event processing.*
- Some analytic applications.
- Splunk.
*Complex event/stream processing terminology is always problematic.
My thoughts on all this start: Read more
Do you need an analytic RDBMS?
I can think of seven major reasons not to use an analytic RDBMS. One is good; but the other six seem pretty questionable, niche circumstances excepted, especially at this time.
The good reason to not have an analytic RDBMS is that most organizations can run perfectly well on some combination of:
- SaaS (Software as a Service).
- A low-volume static website.
- A network focused on office software.
- A single cheap server, likely running a single instance of a general-purpose RDBMS.
Those enterprises, however, are generally not who I write for or about.
The six bad reasons to not have an analytic RDBMS all take the form "Can't some other technology do the job better?", namely:
- A data warehouse that's just another instance of your OLTP (OnLine Transaction Processing) RDBMS. If your problem is that big, it's likely that a specialized analytic RDBMS will be more cost-effective and generally easier to deal with.
- MOLAP (Multi-Dimensional OnLine Analytic Processing). That ship has sailed … and foundered … and been towed to drydock.
- In-memory BI. QlikView, SAP HANA, Oracle Exalytics, and Platfora are just four examples of many. But few enterprises will want to confine their analytics to such data as fits affordably in RAM.
- Non-tabular* approaches to investigative analytics. There are many examples in the Hadoop world — including the recent wave of SQL add-ons to Hadoop — and some in the graph area as well. But those choices will rarely suffice for the whole job, as most enterprises will want better analytic SQL performance for (big) parts of their workloads.
- Tighter integration of analytics and OLTP (OnLine Transaction Processing). Workday worklets illustrate that business intelligence/OLTP integration is a really good idea. And it's an idea that Oracle and SAP can be expected to push heavily, when they finally get their product acts together. But again, that's hardly all the analytics you're going to want to do.
- Tighter integration of analytics and other short-request processing. An example would be maintaining a casual game's leaderboard via a NoSQL write-optimized database. Yet again, that's hardly all the analytics a typical enterprise will want to do.
|Categories: Business intelligence, Data warehousing, Games and virtual worlds, Hadoop, In-memory DBMS, MOLAP
|10 Comments
The Ted Codd guarantee
I write a lot about whether or not to use relational DBMS. For example:
- In May I surveyed relational vs. non-relational pros and cons at some length.
- Last November I mused about when it might be OK to do without joins.
- The question is implicit in a variety of posts about, say, document-oriented or object-oriented DBMS.
Before going further in that vein, I'd like to do a quick review of what E. F. "Ted" Codd was getting at with the relational model in the first place. Read more
|Categories: Data models and architecture, IBM and DB2, MOLAP, NoSQL
|2 Comments
Eight kinds of analytic database (Part 2)
In Part 1 of this two-part series, I outlined four variants on the traditional enterprise data warehouse/data mart dichotomy, and suggested what kinds of DBMS products you might use for each. In Part 2 I'll cover four more kinds of analytic database — even newer, for the most part, with a use case/product short list match that is even less clear. Read more
Eight kinds of analytic database (Part 1)
Analytic data management technology has blossomed, leading to many questions along the lines of "So which products should I use for which category of problem?" The old EDW/data mart dichotomy is hopelessly outdated for that purpose, and adding a third category for "big data" is little help.
Let's try eight categories instead. While no categorization is ever perfect, these each have at least some degree of technical homogeneity. Figuring out which types of analytic database you have or need — and in most cases you'll need several — is a great early step in your analytic technology planning. Read more
When it's still best to use a relational DBMS
There are plenty of viable alternatives to relational database management systems. For short-request processing, both document stores and fully object-oriented DBMS can make sense. Text search engines have an important role to play. E. F. "Ted" Codd himself once suggested that relational DBMS weren't best for analytics.* Analysis of machine-generated log data doesn't always have a naturally relational aspect. And I could go on with more examples yet.
*Actually, he didn't admit that what he was advocating was a different kind of DBMS, namely a MOLAP one — but he was. And he was wrong anyway about the necessity for MOLAP. But let's overlook those details.
Nonetheless, relational DBMS dominate the market. As I see it, the reasons for relational dominance cluster into four areas (which of course overlap):
- Data re-use. Ted Codd's famed original paper referred to shared data banks for a reason.
- The benefits of normalization, which include:
- You only have to do programming work of writing something once …
- … and you don't have to do the programming work of keeping multiple versions of the information consistent.
- You only have to do processing work of writing something once.
- You only have to buy storage to hold each fact once.
- Separation of concerns.
- Different people can worry about programming and "database stuff."
- Indeed, even performance optimization can sometimes be separated from programming (i.e., when all you have to do to get speed is implement the correct indexes).
- Maturity and momentum, as reflected in the availability of:
- People.
- A broad variety of mature relational DBMS.
- Vast amounts of packaged software that "talks" SQL.
Generally speaking, I find the reasons for sticking with relational technology compelling in cases such as: Read more
|Categories: Analytic technologies, Data models and architecture, Database diversity, MOLAP, NoSQL, Object, Theory and architecture
|20 Comments
Evolving definitions and technology categories for 2011
It seems my prediction of a limited blogging schedule in December came emphatically true. I shall re-start with a collection of quick thoughts, clearing the decks for more detailed posts to follow. Read more
|Categories: Analytic technologies, Data types, Data warehousing, DBMS product categories, MOLAP, Theory and architecture
|6 Comments


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Catalogue Number: 373-1257
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- Arrange the sound bar to match your TV layout
- 2.1 channel system
- Wall-mountable
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Product Details
Enhance your in-house entertainment with the Panasonic SC-HTB65.
With two types of layout to choose from, you can position the sound bar to accommodate a wall-mounted TV or a TV with a stand. The sound bar's built-in sensor automatically detects the bar direction and switches the directional characteristics to suit the layout.
Adjustable to 4 levels, the SC-HTB65 also features Clear-mode Dialog that gives the sound greater depth. This function is great for when dialogue is drowned by the surround sound and is difficult to hear.
The low-profile design of the Panasonic SC-HTB65 makes it an elegant addition to virtually any room interior and is easily installed without obstructing the television view.
Product specifications
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Key Information
|Power Source
|Main only
|Battery Type
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Network & Communication
|Product Height
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|Product Width
|950.0 Millimetre
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|105.0 Millimetre
|Product Weight
|3.2 Kilogram


text: University Libraries About the Libraries Events and Awards Promotion and Tenure Recognition 2012 Honorees Dr. Kerri Richardson Dr. Kerri Richardson Associate Professor, Mathematics Education, Teacher Education & Higher Education NOVA: Hunting the Hidden Dimension(DVD) I remember reading a now out of print book called "Teaching Mathematics: Toward a Sound Alternative" by Dr. Brent Davis where he discussed mathematics as an integrated and relational discipline. In the book he discussed fractals, naturally occurring patterns in nature, and I was intrigued by how he connected mathematics to the real world. This documentary highlights the importance of mathematics from the perspective of nature, focusing on fractals and their impact on technology and life in general. For me, mathematics is an activity of constructing patterns and relationships and this documentary highlights my belief system.


text: Prev | Next Purchase this photo Sholten Singer/ The Herald-Dispatch Cabell Midland Sophomore Makenzi Niebergall runs in the girls 100m high hurtles during the Carlos Akers Memorial Track and Field Meet on Saturday, March 31, 2012, at Cabell Midland High School. Gallery: Sholten Singer's top sports photos of 2012 Jan. 01, 2013 @ 06:58 PM Sholten Singer The Herald-Dispatch photographer Sholten Singer sums up 2012 with a gallery of his best sports photos of the year. ()


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|Viewing 1-1 of 1 Record(s)
|Title: Too heavy to bear
|Authors: Michels,Patrick
|Source: Texas Observer, December 2012, 104 :12 ,pg 18- 24
|Subjects: Private security services - Employees Victoria (Tex.) - Business enterprises Occupational health and safety
|Additional Information: Two armed guards and from Victoria (Tex.)-based Triple D Security, in a van loaded far beyond the weight limit with coins for delivery, in a roll over accident, killing one of the guards. The family of the guard struggle with the company and its owners,
|Ref ID: 95217
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What is there to say about Hyacinth Bucket???? She's very fashionable. She's cultured. She's meticulous. She's clever. And she drives people CRAZY! Hyacinth Bucket (pronounced Bouquet, please) is a married woman living in what she feels is a superior home in an inferior area. She drives her neighbors to insanity, her husband to drink (well, not really), her sisters and brother-in-law to drink (really), the postal worker and the milk delivery person to hide, and everyone else around her to run in the opposite direction when she's in the vicinity. But, is Hyacinth aware of all of this? No…she thinks she's loved and admired — for her class and her breeding and for her impeccable taste and for her Royal Doulton with the hand-painted periwinkles and her INFAMOUS candlelight suppers. Patricia Routledge excels here as the ever-perfect, ever-annoying Hyacinth. She is able to make this over-the-top character likable even though it's usually hard to love Hyacinth. She's the woman you hate to love, but just can't help it. And even though it's the writing that creates a character, the actor is the one to pull it off seamlessly, which Routledge definitely does here.
Posts Tagged: Patricia Routledge
For a British detective show, this one is fun. Having LOVED Patricia Routledge in her acclaimed British comedy Keeping Up Appearances, I was at first hesitant to try this show. I mean, Routledge will always be Appearances' Hyacinth Bucket to me and watching her play anything else would be silly and pointless, right? Well, Routledge's acting skills are such that, shortly after I began the first season of Hetty, I soon forgot about Hyacinth and Appearances (at least for the time being). Routledge's Hetty is a spunky, determined woman who is desperate to fight off senior citizenship for as long as she can. Her husband recently retires and he figures they will live a life of quiet, peaceful rest but Hetty is cagy and unfulfilled by the thought of lazing around in her Golden Years. Instead, she takes a job at a post office branch and while working, she begins to investigate some potential frauds. One thing leads to another and she is well on her way to solving crimes. She enlists the help of a young, wandering teenaged boy who becomes her "assistant" and eventually moves in with her and her husband. Unlike some detective shows where there is a strong "gimmick" factor…the gimmick here being a senior, former housewife detective…the crimes and plots are pretty strong and convincing. The cases she takes on are not fluff, but also in the same token, they are not so unbelievable that no one would ever be able to solve them…not to mention an inexperienced P.I.


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New Players for the 12-inch Figure and Collector's Edition
Friday, March 14, 2008
It wasn't that long ago that Todd McFarlane was calling audibles for William Aberhart High, so his making changes to our 2008 NFL lineup isn't a huge surprise. Todd wants to make our 12-inch Barry Sanders figure an original sculpt, and to provide time to develop that new figure, it's being slid back onto the 2009 schedule.
Replacing the Sanders figure in 2008 is an update to our 12-inch LaDainian Tomlinson figure, this time featuring the Chargers running back in San Diego's new dark blue uniform and including his signature tinted visor.
See the 12-inch Tomlinson figure here.
With Tomlinson coming out as a 12-inch figure, and also part of the NFL 18 lineup, Todd felt we were a little "L.T. heavy" this fall. He has decided to swap out his planned Collector's Edition figure and replace it with a Collector's Edition figure for Cowboys wideout, Terrell Owens.
Both items are scheduled to arrive in stores this September.
Stay tuned to Spawn.com for images of the Owens Collector's Edition and other upcoming figures.
>> 12-INCH LADAINIAN TOMLINSON 2 (dark blue)


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As we predicted on Friday, Superbad, the greatest movie in history, dick-joked its way past the competition to become the weekend's highest-grossing film, pulling in more than $31 million. But to what — apart from the fact that both of your Vulture editors saw it 1.5 million times each — can we attribute to its success?
Thankfully, Hollywood's preeminent obvious-explainer Paul Dergarabedian is on the case: "The Apatow comedy machine itself is a brand now," he told the AP. "And it's a brand that has created movies that appeal to older audiences who now follow whatever he does, even in the teen genre, which is very unusual."
That's right, Judd Apatow, famed creator of Freaks and Geeks and Undeclared, was somehow able to convince his fan base to see a movie about teenagers. Remarkable, really.


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When people read an article on your site with Social Reader, they automatically read the article on their Facebook profiles.
Social Reader provides a fully customizable sidebar widget. Don't want to share? Users can easily turn auto-sharing off. View recently read articles, and remove those they don't want shared.
Easily see if your friends have read an article, and see all the articles your friends have read recently.
Admins can configure everything about the layout, from the text and labels, to adding custom CSS.
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Birthday/ Christmas List - Printable Version
+- ZAC EFRON | ZEFRON.COM - The Zac Efron Fan Forum (http://www.zefron.com/forum)
+-- Forum: More (/forumdisplay.php?fid=14)
+--- Forum: Everything Else (/forumdisplay.php?fid=24)
+--- Thread: Birthday/ Christmas List (/showthread.php?tid=1285)
Birthday/ Christmas List - Stephanie - 08-29-2012 04:51 AM
This sounds stupid but what should I ask for for my birthday/Christmas?
I'm drawing a blank because everything I want I basically have or it's stuff that isn't possible.
Big stuff I want that isn't possible: Trip to Disneyland and an engagement ring
Guess gift cards and money will house most of my wants.
Maybe I can window shop...
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - teamnoelftw. - 08-29-2012 11:47 PM
It gets worse as you grow up. Life was a hell of a lot simpler when all we had was toys as kids.
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - Stephanie - 08-30-2012 02:17 AM
It's such a pain. I'll think of something but it's just not coming to me right now. Luckily I've got 3 months before my b'day.
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - teamnoelftw. - 08-30-2012 03:03 AM
Plenty of time and money to think of something.
Might want to think simple though, for now.
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - mariahh. - 10-23-2012 06:47 PM
It isn't impossible to get a ring when the time comes<3 how long have you been together?
hmm, what about a clairsonic? help with a clearer face
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - Stephanie - 10-25-2012 03:22 AM
(10-23-2012 06:47 PM)mariahh. Wrote: It isn't impossible to get a ring when the time comes<3 how long have you been together?
Never heard of a clairsonic lol. Is it like one of those things that you wash ur face with and spins around? I have one kinda but it's a neutragena.
We've been together now ..... 22 months almost so just around 2 yrs.
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - mariahh. - 10-25-2012 12:09 PM
As a while now! Question shall come soon
Yep! Do you like the one you have now
RE: Birthday/ Christmas List - Stephanie - 10-25-2012 03:13 PM
(10-25-2012 12:09 PM)mariahh. Wrote: As a while now! Question shall come soon
lol Maybe....probably won't be for another year or so. I thought he'd ask me last year but he never did. He told me he'd be danged if he was going to wait another year....well it's been almost another year but at this point if it happens I'll be thrilled but if not it's not meant to happen yet and that's fine too. I was bummed out at the time and he knew but looking back on it I'm glad we waited at least another year to get to know each other better. Too many people rush into marriages and so I'm glad we're taking our time. Still hard though cause one of Michael's aunts tells me that his mom won't fully accept me (if ever) until we're married and have had our first baby. Honestly I refuse to get married and pregnant just so some lady can like me. Sure it's his mom....but idc she doesn't even like on the same coast as me I could really careless if she approves of me or not. She's not paying or having a say in the wedding or how her grand kids are raised UNLESS it's info I agree on.
We already know his mom's personality enough to know that his mom will probably try to come 2 weeks before our baby is born to bug me and she'll start drama with my family and then I'll have to ask her to leave the room while my family spends time with my kid. She thinks my bf is 7 and not 27 lol. Tells me she'd change all these things about him and how she failed....but then to the public eye on fb she tells everyone how amazing of a job she did raising him....and then his grandma says that's a lie and she raised him lol. DRAMA.....luckily it's not about me.


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Via the Tampa Bay Times: "Spanning nearly the width of the field was a prankster's rendition of the male anatomy." Shocking! I am sure a graduation has never been 'ruined' by this before.
Florida senior prank found offensive, engorged by social media
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From our forums
Childs play. These folks drew a massive penisthat became fully erect and directed at the FSB (which is basically the KGB). There is nothing on this planet more hardcore than a Russian punk.
Continue the discussion at bbs.boingboing.net
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Skip Hop Expo Unisex Diaper Bag
June 5th, 2007
A couple of weeks ago, we wrote about a bag that served a dual function: a handbag and a diaper bag.
In the comments, Liz suggested a flat-bottomed bag for easier one-handed use. This Skip Hop bag is not only flat-bottomed, but it's also dual functional–it's unisex style works for Moms and Dads alike.
$64 at Skiphop.
Entry Filed under: $50-$100, Dads, Kids, Men's Accessories, Moms, New Baby, Women's Accessories
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Lauren and Sara face-off in the house of mirrors, Kevin deals with Ryder, and Amber tells Daniel they need time apart.
Amber is at the Chancellor Estate leaving a message for Katherine on the phone, letting her know she and Eric are there. The doorbell rings - it's Daniel. He says he figured out something about Daisy. She replies that nothing he tells her can fix what's wrong with them. Amber rants about Daisy not wanting kids and that being what he wants, but Daniel stops her, clarifying that he realized Daisy drugged him, just like she did to Lauren. Amber checks on Eric and Daniel then thanks her for believing him about Daisy. Amber tells him it doesn't matter - she needs to be with Eric. Daniel wants to go home and figure things out - they can work through anything. Amber tells Daniel they need time apart. He says he loves her and is ready to talk or listen. He leaves.
In Michael's car on the way to the amusement park, Phyllis ominously tells him that the woman who attacked her was not Lauren. They speculate on how things got to this point with her. Phyllis says they'll get her help, and reassures Michael, who has tears in his eyes.
Murphy, Katherine, and Kevin land in the helicopter at the abandoned amusement park. Lauren and Jana are sitting on a carousel ride at the amusement park. Sara is on the ride as well. Daisy is alongside and calls out to Sara that Ryder let them go, not her. Lauren calls out to Sara to let Jana go, and she will surrender to her. Sara answers back that she'll just kill them both. Jana and Lauren leap off the carousel, just as Kevin hops on it. Sara aims her gun at him. Jana screams out that she's not Lauren. Sara tells Kevin it's time to see Daddy, and shoots!
Katherine and Murphy are searching the grounds when they hear the gunshot. Michael and Phyllis have arrived and he tells her to stay in the car. On the carousel, Kevin struggles with Sara and the gun goes off again. He gets it away from her and knocks her out. Daisy goes to her rescue and Sara tells her to get the gun and kill them. Kevin finds Jana and embraces her. She is hysterical with relief. Lauren takes off to stop Sara, saying she didn't survive Sheila to be taken down by her sister! Daisy appears and trains the gun on Kevin and Jana. Sara and Lauren are both running around in a house of mirrors as a demented clown voice repeats, "Which one am I?"
Phyllis thinks back to the scene in her house earlier and realizes that the woman was not Lauren. She goes to warn Michael, who is approaching the house of mirrors, where Sara brandishes a gun and shoots at one of the reflections of Lauren. Michael enters and tiptoes through the broken glass. Sara appears in front of him. Outside, Ryder appears and convinces Daisy not to shoot Kevin. Daisy gives up the gun, but tells Ryder he's stupid. As she walks away, Kevin grabs the gun, saying someone has to pay for what happened. Ryder urges him to let Daisy go. Jana lets Kevin know that the headaches are back, and that Ryder helped her, but Kevin is livid that Ryder didn't grow a backbone sooner. Ryder tries to explain how it was with Sara. Kevin urges him to run, and never to come back. Ryder wants to be a family, but Kevin can never offer that. Ryder leaves, and Jana tells Kevin they made her write him a letter. Phyllis appears, and they all panic about Michael. Jana tells Phyllis and Kevin there is a way to know which one is Lauren.
In the house of mirrors, Michael pleads with Sara, who pretends she's Lauren, to come home with him. He says he won't let her hurt herself. Sara laughs, and muses that in a way, he's right, she is going to kill herself. Lauren appears, and Michael is flabbergasted! Lauren tells him the other one is Sheila's sister and she wants to kill them! He has no idea which one is really Lauren. They both say things to him. Phyllis appears and hollers that one is an impostor! Michael shouts at her to leave, saying he can tell which one is Lauren. He moves closer to her, and she starts shooting!
Kevin is in the helicopter with Jana. Murphy takes off and Jana suddenly loses unconsciousness. Kevin yells in panic!
Jack confronts Patty in the Abbott living room. He brandishes the diary, saying it's full of the rantings of a lunatic! Patty tells him she is Emily, and suggests he's just confused. This sends him off the deep-end. He informs her that this charade ends now! She claims that she needed Patty's diary to understand her, and that the man she knew would never have mocked someone's feelings this way! They argue, and Patty tells him he would rather be married to a portrait than a real person. Jack says there has been a fundamental change in who she is since they married! He tells her he believes the woman in the padded cell right now! Patty cries and recalls to him how it is when they make love. Jack ignores her, saying it all started on their wedding night. He then asks her to put him on the list to see Patty...or else. Jack leaves the house and Patty cries all over the diary. She then turns to the portrait of Emily and slashes it with a knife, chanting, "Stay gone, stay gone, stay gone!"
Jack sits down on the patio at the coffee house. He has a cat with him that he just adopted. He promises to make the kitty a nice life, but first she has to help him!
Next on The Young and the Restless:
Owen asks Chance about accessing the messages from the phone found near Wilson's body.
Nick asks Chance why he's doing this!
Michael hits the floor, hollering, "Lauren, stop shooting!" The shooter continues, appearing to aim at Phyllis in the mirrors.
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Heeeaaaaappppp! Td!!!
Printable View
Heeeaaaaappppp! Td!!!
I don't think I've ever seen a Ravens QB look this sharp.
No points on the first drive... But moving the ball and picking up firsts real well.
Joe is 7 for 8 107 yards. average yards per pass 13.3. Impressive.
Joe comes out firing.
Running game really hasn't picked up. But Joe is carrying the offense.
Wow...I'm liking this Flacco to Rice connection!


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Wage and hour laws present employers with a never-ending maze of obligations and potential pitfalls. Both state and federal law generally obligates employers to compensate non-exempt employees for all hours they work. Although this basic rule appears benign and non-controversial on its face, disputes regarding whether employees are entitled to be paid for time spent engaged in certain activities are increasingly common, and recent court cases demonstrate that employers sometimes do not credit employees for all time that is considered "hours worked" under the law. Confusion over the calculation of hours worked often arises when employees spend time traveling.
Rules regarding payment for travel time vary from state to state, and payment obligations are often dependent upon whether the employee was traveling in the course of commuting to and from work, or in the course of performing his or her job duties.
In general, time spent by employees traveling to and from work is not counted as time worked and is not compensable. The rules contain an exception relating to travel at the beginning or end of a work day, however. If an employee travels to a site other than his normal work site at the beginning of the work day, or travels home from a site other than his regular work site at the end of the work day, travel time is compensable to the extent that it exceeds the employee's normal commute time. In other words, if the employee usually spends 30 minutes driving to the employer's office, but instead drives 30 minutes to a customer site on a particular day, the time spent driving to the customer site would not be compensable because it would not have been compensable if the employee had come to work at the office as usual. Time spent driving from the customer site back to the office at the end of the meeting would be compensable, however, and the employee would be entitled to compensation for the time in excess of his normal commute if he had spent more than 30 minutes driving from his home to the customer site. In addition, time spent traveling to or from a work site on transportation provided by the employer is compensable if the employer requires employees to meet at a particular location and utilize the employer's transportation to or from the work site.
Subject to the "coming and going" rules described above, California law requires employers to pay non-exempt employees for all time that they spend traveling in the course of performing their job duties. Travel time includes time spent driving or riding as a passenger in a plane or train, as well as time spent purchasing tickets, checking baggage, boarding, etc., but not time spent sleeping, resting in a hotel room, or engaged to personal pursuits like sightseeing. Unlike California, many other states excuse employers from paying employees for time spent as a passenger unless the employee is actually performing his or her job duties while traveling. When an employee has gone home from work after completing a shift and is called to a customer site to perform additional work thereafter, federal authorities indicate that the time spent by the employee in traveling to and from the customer site is compensable, but the law is uncertain with respect to time spent traveling back to the employer's place of business.
Although employers must pay non-exempt employees for time spent traveling on company business, they can pay them at a special, lower hourly rate if they inform the employees in advance (preferably in writing) that they will do so. The rate used to pay employees for travel time cannot fall below the minimum wage. Employers are wise to consider the potentially detrimental effect upon morale that may result if non-exempt employees are required to spend a substantial amount of time traveling at pay rates significantly below their normal rate. In some instances, the financial savings realized by the employer may be more than offset by the loss of goodwill and morale among affected employees.
Calculation of hours worked is a seemingly basic step in the payroll process. Many mistakes result from misunderstanding the rules relating to travel time, however. Whether travel time should be treated as compensable hours worked can be a complex question that must be answered on a case-by-case basis rather than by mechanically applying a set of rigid rules.
If you have any questions about travel time or any other issue relating to employment law, please contact one of our attorneys:
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Richard M. Noack
Ernest M. Malaspina
Karen Reinhold
Erik P. Khoobyarian
Shirley Jackson
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Posted at: 04/29/2013 7:53 AM
Updated at: 04/29/2013 12:19 PM
By: Barry Massey, The Associated Press
SANTA FE, N.M. (AP) - New Mexico's highest court is allowing the state's top water manager to decide proposed water rights transfers to increase flows in the drought-stricken Pecos River.
The state Supreme Court ruled Monday the state engineer's office can move ahead with an administrative hearing on a proposal to transfer water rights to allow more pumping of groundwater near Carlsbad in southeastern New Mexico. The water will go by pipeline into a reservoir to boost river flows.
The justices rejected arguments by a ranching family that State Engineer Scott Verhines has a conflict of interest in deciding the water proposal by the Interstate Stream Commission.
The Supreme Court tossed out an Eddy County district court judge ruling that stopped the state engineer from holding a hearing, which now will start in June.
(Copyright 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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Gear Question
Brent NS4L
Hey guy's I was wondering..How is the...
Hey guy's I was wondering..How is the padding on this bag? I would only use this board for trips requiring me to fly. Would my board be safe on a plane in this bag? Thanks in advance for any feedback.
Matt J
I have used this bag on many trips without any issues at all. It is also is fairly easy to get to and from the airport and the car.
View More Details on DAKINE Freestyle Snowboard Bag


text: (For Health Service Administration Concentration students) This course presents an overview of the legal issues facing the health care industry. It provides students with a basic working knowledge of health law. The course is a comprehensive and inclusive review of a wide variety of health care legal issues. Students are provided with knowledge of health law and how it is applied in authentic health care situations. Restricted to Graduate level; Public Administration majors


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Update: Nvidia has published a white paper with complete Tegra K1 specs.
"We believe the Android operating system will be the most important console operating system in the future," Nvidia Nvidia CEO and co-founder Jen-Hsun Huang said at the company's CES 2014 press conference tonight. Then he effectively declared war on next-generation console gaming by announcing the Tegra K1, the company's next mobile chip with a whopping 192-cores.
Prior to the announcement, Jen-Hsun caught up the audience with the company's Tegra milestones like the Tegra 3 being the first mobile quad-core processor. "So what can we do next? We could do 8 cores, but that seems a little pedestrian," Jen-Hsun joked. Then he unveiled the 192-core Tegra K1, rooted in Kepler architecture.
According to Nvidia, Tegra K1 offers 3x the performance of Apple's Apple's A7 processor.
During the brief reveal, Nvidia demonstrated their stunning Digital Ira human face simulation — a simulation they originally debuted with the $1000 GTX Titan Titan. I've seen it multiple times, and it looked identical if not better.
"We've brought mobile computing to the same level as desktop computing and super computing," Jen-Hsun stated.
Nvidia is certainly evangelizing Android and investing into the ecosystem. Fortunately, they have one of the industry's leading graphics engine creators on board with Epic Games, who showed off their new Unreal Engine 4 on Tegra K1 to stunning effect.
Video: Unreal Engine 4 on Tegra K1
"We can take absolutely anything that runs on PC or high end console and run it on Tegra…I didn't think that we'd be at this level on mobile for another 3 to 4 years." Epic Games' Tim Sweeney said. Sure, that's the kind of posturing and enthusiasm you'd expect at a press conference, but the real-time demonstrations backed up that enthusiasm. Multiple presentations showed off photo-realistic environments, dynamic lighting, and next-generation level graphics. From what I've seen, they have bridged the gap between next-generation console gaming and mobile gaming.
Nvidia is also expecting a deep level of adoption for the Tegra K1 in the automotive industry.
Tegra K1 will be offered in two pin-to-pin compatible versions: a 32-bit quad-core (4-Plus-1 ARM Cortex-A15 CPU) and a custom, Nvidia-designed 64-bit dual "Super Core" Denver CPU.
I'll be sure to offer more details, deeper impressions, images and video as soon as possible.
Stay tuned for much more CES coverage and hands on impressions with these and a plethora of other devices from the show floor. Continue the conversation by following me on Twitter.


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|Jewell Beard
|Sunday, 06 April 2014 15:19
Jewell Beard of Campbellsville, daughter of the late Roy W. Sexton and Pearl Elizabeth Dixon Sexton, was born in Taylor County, Kentucky, December 4, 1927. She died at 10:00 A.M., Friday, April 4, 2014 in Campbellsville. Age: 86 She professed faith in Christ and was a member of the Campbellsville First Cumberland Presbyterian Church. She was a childcare provider.
She united in marriage to Rev. Shiley Beard in 1945. He preceded her in death April 18, 1987.
She is survived by one son and one daughter: Paul Beard and wife, Ann and Phyllis Milby and husband, Tom of Campbellsville; a son-in-law and his wife, John and Debbie Cable of Bowling Green; eight grandchildren: Damon Beard, Paula Rose, Laura Marcum, Vicki Milby, Anthony Harris, Tye Cable, Ryan Cable and Michelle Stewart; five great-grandchildren: Mark Evan Harris, Katie Harris, Elizabeth Marcum, Alayna Marcum, and Mia Harris; four sisters: Wilma Farmer and husband, Gerald, Sue Burriss and husband, Jackie, Kay Harrison and husband, Harold of Campbellsville, and Linda O. Castillo and husband, Pepi of Birmingham, Alabama; brother-in-law, Conrad Claycomb and sister-in-law, Faye Sexton of Campbellsville;
She was preceded in death by two daughters: Patricia Stewart and Peggy Cable; a grandson, Timothy Perkins; and three sisters and two brothers: Dorothy Claycomb, Billy Frank Sexton, Deloris Graham, Roy O. "Tom" Sexton and Geneva Mattingly.
VISITATION: 9:00 A.M. – 1:00 P.M. Monday
FUNERAL SERVICE: 1:00 P.M., Monday, April 7, 2014 at the Parrott & Ramsey Funeral Home in Campbellsville by Rev. Freddie Norris and Rev. Wayne Brooks
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Europe Ecology – The Greens
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (October 2011)
|Europe Ecology – The Greens
|Europe Écologie – Les Verts
|National Secretary
|Emmanuelle Cosse
|President of the Federal Council
|Thierry Brochot
|Sandrine Rousseau and Éric Loiselet
|13 November 2010
|Merger of
|The Greens and
Europe Écologie
|247, Rue du Faubourg Saint-Martin
F-75010 Paris
|Green politics[1]
European federalism
|Political position
|International affiliation
|Global Greens
|European affiliation
|European Greens
|European Parliament group
|The Greens–European Free Alliance
|National Assembly
17 / 577
12 / 348
|European Parliament
6 / 74
|Regional Councils
262 / 1,880
|Politics of France
Political parties
|Part of a series on
|Green politics
Core topics
Europe Ecology – The Greens (French: Europe Écologie – Les Verts French pronunciation: [øʁɔp‿ekɔlɔˈʒi leˈvɛʁ], EELV) is a green political party in France, formed in 2010 from the merger of The Greens and other environmentalists, social activists and regionalists from the Europe Écologie coalition, created for the 2009 European elections and 2010 regional elections.
Following the 2008 municipal elections, considered as a "small renaissance" for The Greens, the party sought to increase the political influence of the green movement. Echoing these calls, Daniel Cohn-Bendit proposed the creation of open lists for the 2009 European elections and the Greens' leadership allowed for the exploration of this possibility. Europe Ecology (EE), launched in the fall of 2008, allowed The Greens to create a wider electoral alliance with environmentalists and social activists who had not been party members in the past. The new structure included, alongside longtime Green politicians, new activists or environmentalists such as Jean-Paul Besset (close to Nicolas Hulot), José Bové (alter-globalisation activist from the Confédération paysanne), Yannick Jadot (former head of Greenpeace France), Eva Joly (magistrate) and Michèle Rivasi (founder of CRIIAD).
Europe Ecology was a remarkable and unexpected success in 2009, placing third with 16.3% of the vote and only a few thousand votes from the Socialist Party. The experience led to further attempts to expand the green movement, ahead of the 2010 regional elections. Europe Ecology ran independent lists in the first round in every region, once again with the participation of new activists including Philippe Meirieu, Laurence Vichnievsky or Augustin Legrand. While they fell short of their 2009 success, EE nevertheless managed to win 12.5% of the vote nationally (third place).
The Greens and those new activists who joined the movement by way of EE - but who did not wish to join the party - began talks to allow for the creation of a new, enlarged political movement. In October and November 2010, EE and later The Greens ratified new statutes and a new manifesto. Notably, these new statutes allowed for "cooperators" - individuals who did not join the party as full paying members but who are nonetheless allowed to run as candidates, vote in presidential primaries and partake in debates over the platform.[2]
The official launch of the new party, presented as a new political force, was held in Lyon on 9 November 2010. The new party adopted the name Europe Ecology – The Greens (Europe Écologie – Les Verts, EELV). However, the launch of the party was marked by tensions between longtime politicians from the former Green party and new activists from various non-political social movements. Jean-Paul Besset, for example, resigned all his leadership responsibilities in EELV within weeks and denounced a "poisonous Cold War atmosphere".[3] A month later, Philippe Meirieu was named as the first president of the party's new federal council, created by the EELV statutes.
In the 2011 cantonal elections, EELV won 8.2% of the vote nationally - becoming the third largest force on the left behind the Socialist Party (PS) and the Left Front (FG). Although the traditional runoff deals were sealed with both of these parties, some EELV candidates qualified for the runoff against other left-wing candidates did not withdraw, creating tensions with EELV's traditional left-wing allies.[4] Ultimately, EELV won 27 seats, 16 more seats than what the Greens had won in the same series of cantons in 2004.
A presidential primary to nominate a candidate for the 2012 presidential election, open to members and cooperators, was held in June and July 2011. Four candidates sought the EELV nomination, most notably Eva Joly, an MEP and Nicolas Hulot, a well known TV personality and environmentalist. Joly emerged victorious in the runoff on July 12 with 58.16%.[5]
In the 2011 senatorial elections, an agreement with the PS allowed for the first left-wing senatorial majority under the Fifth Republic and the creation of the first entirely green parliamentary group.
In the 2012 presidential election, Joly won only 2.31% of the vote.
On 15 November 2011, EELV and the PS signed a coalition agreement prior to the 2012 presidential election. The agreement included a commitment to reduce the share of nuclear energy in France from 75% to 50% by 2025, the progressive shutdown of 24 nuclear reactors, the creation of a carbon tax and raising taxes on very high incomes. The agreement also included an ad hoc electoral deal for the 2012 legislative elections in which the PS conceded over 60 constituencies to EELV, which would allow EELV to form a parliamentary group.[6] On 8 May 2012, following the left's victory with François Hollande, EELV's federal council voted in favour of cabinet participation in the new left-wing government.[7]
In the 2012 legislative elections, EELV candidates won 5.46% nationally and elected a record 17 deputies (in addition to one member of the regionalist Breton Democratic Union, backed by EELV). However, every EELV deputy who was victorious had benefited from the endorsement of the PS, although many faced local PS dissidents.
In Jean-Marc Ayrault's left-wing government, EELV has two cabinet ministers: former party leader Cécile Duflot as minister of housing and territorial equality, and former MEP Pascal Canfin as junior minister for international development.
As a green party, EELV prioritizes and emphasizes environmental issues. It calls for a 40% reduction in CO2 emissions, phasing out nuclear energy in favour of renewable energy, the creation of 600,000 'green jobs', eco-friendly urban planning (the creation of green housing and the promotion of public transportation), the development of sustainable agriculture and a moratorium on the use of genetically modified organisms.[8] EELV, like the Greens before it, has generally opposed large-scale development projects, most recently the Aéroport du Grand Ouest in Notre-Dame-des-Landes (Loire-Atlantique), although the PS and the incumbent government officially support the project.
On economic issues, EELV leans strongly to the left. Besides the creation of 'green jobs' in fields such as thermal isolation and renewable energies, it also supports a carbon tax and raising the progressive income tax levels for high earners (60% for incomes between €100,000 and €500,000, 70% for incomes over €500,000). EELV is close to some anticapitalist and many alter-globalization activists.[2] In its alternative budget in 2011, EELV proposed to reduce the public debt by closing fiscal loopholes.
The party has traditionally supported European federalism, although many of its European policies are in conflict with the current direction and leadership of the European Union. EELV, like the Greens before it, has been one of the strongest proponents of decentralisation, officially supporting "differentiated federalism" which would devolve significant powers to the regions of France. The regionalist federation Régions et Peuples Solidaires has long been closely allied to the green movement in France.[2] François Alfonsi of the Party of the Corsican Nation (PNC) was elected to the European Parliament on an EE list in 2009.
On moral issues, the green movement has tended to take socially progressive positions: it has supported same-sex marriage and same-sex adoption, euthanasia and the legalisation of soft drugs. It also supports political reform, including voting rights for foreigners in both local and national elections, abolishing the cumul des mandats, term limits and a 'Sixth Republic' with a more powers for the parliament and direct democracy.[8] The greens have long promoted gender equality in politics, its leadership and electoral candidates tend to respect gender parity and the EELV group in the French National Assembly has two co-presidents, one male and one female.
Electoral results[edit]
|Election year
|1st round
|2nd round
|# of overall votes
|% of overall vote
|# of overall votes
|% of overall vote
|Eva Joly
|2.31 (#6)
|Election year
|# of overall votes
|% of overall vote
|# of overall seats won
|5.5 (#5)
18 / 577
- 18 (incl. Paul Molac of the UDB[9]) were elected, but Cécile Duflot resigned her seat while minister in the government, the seat went to PS. She re-took her seat in May 2014. Isabelle Attard left EELV for New Deal in December 2013.
European Parliament[edit]
|Election year
|# of overall votes
|% of overall vote
|# of overall seats won
|16.28 (#3)
15 / 72
|8.95 (#5)
6 / 74
Other elections[edit]
- 2010 regional elections: EE lists won 12.2% nationally in the first round. It won its best result (17.82%) in Rhône-Alpes. All its lists withdrew and merged with PS lists, except in Brittany, where it maintained its own separate list and won 17.4% of the votes in the runoff.
- 2011 cantonal elections: EELV won 8.22% nationally and 27 seats.
Elected officials[edit]
- Deputies: Laurence Abeille (Val-de-Marne), Eric Alauzet (Doubs), Brigitte Allain (Dordogne), Isabelle Attard (Calvados), Danielle Auroi (Puy-de-Dôme), Denis Baupin (Paris), Michèle Bonneton (Isère), Christophe Cavard (Gard), Sergio Coronado (French citizens abroad), François-Michel Lambert (Bouches-du-Rhône), Noël Mamère (Gironde), Véronique Massonneau (Vienne), Barbara Pompili (Somme), Jean-Louis Roumégas (Hérault), François de Rugy (Loire-Atlantique), Eva Sas (Essonne)[10]
- Senators: Ronan Dantec (Loire-Atlantique), Corinne Bouchoux (Maine-et-Loire), Joël Labbé (Morbihan), Marie-Christine Blandin (Nord), Jean Desessard (Paris), Leila Aïchi (Paris), Jean-Vincent Placé (Essonne), André Gattolin (Hauts-de-Seine), Aline Archimbaud (Seine-Saint-Denis), Esther Benbassa (Val-de-Marne), Hélène Lipietz (Seine-et-Marne), Kalliopi Ango Ela (French citizens abroad)
- MEPs: Sandrine Bélier, Malika Benarab-Attou, Jean-Paul Besset, Jean-Jacob Bicep,[11] José Bové, Yves Cochet, Daniel Cohn-Bendit,[12] Karima Delli, Hélène Flautre, Catherine Grèze, Yannick Jadot, Eva Joly, Nicole Kiil-Nielsen, Michèle Rivasi, Karim Zéribi[13]
EELV claims 54 general councillors, about 262 regional councillors and at least 60 mayors. Notable EELV mayors include Éric Piolle, mayor of Grenoble (Isère), Dominique Voynet, mayor of Montreuil (Seine-Saint-Denis); Jacques Boutault, mayor of the 2nd arrondissement of Paris.
Noël Mamère, mayor of Bègles (Gironde) left EELV in September 2013.[14]
The party executive is formed by the Executive Bureau (bureau exécutif). The national secretary is the leader of the executive bureau and is the party's most senior leader. The federal council (conseil fédéral) is composed of 150 members (75 men and 75 women) and serves as the party's parliament, meeting on a monthly basis.
- National secretaries: Cécile Duflot (2010-2012), Pascal Durand (2012-2013), Emmanuelle Cosse (2013-present)
- President of the federal council: Philippe Meirieu (2010–2013), Thierry Brochot (2013–present)
Notes and references[edit]
- ^ a b Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck
- ^ a b c Pierre, Bréchon (2011), Les partis politiques français, La documentation française, pp. 129–154
- ^ Un responsable d'Europe Écologie claque la porte Le Point, 7 December 2010
- ^ Cantonales : la gauche boucle les négociations dans la douleur L'Express, 22 March 2011
- ^ Primaire écolo : Joly gagne avec 58,16% Le Figaro, 12 July 2011
- ^ Les principaux points de l'accord PS-EELV Le Monde, 16 November 2011
- ^ Les Verts votent pour une participation à un gouvernement Hollande, Le Figaro, 8 May 2012
- ^ a b Projet 2012 on the EELV website
- ^ "Morbihan - Législatives : Paul Molac, candidat du PS, des écolos et de l'UDB à Ploërmel - Le Mensuel du Golfe du Morbihan" (in French). Morbihan.lemensuel.com. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ^ Paul Molac (UDB) was elected with EELV support and sits in the EELV group, for a total of 17 group members
- ^ replaced Pascal Canfin (EELV), 2012
- ^ Dec. 2012 Huffington Post: Cohn-Bendit quitte officiellement EELV
- ^ replaced Vincent Peillon (PS), 2012
- ^ Noël Mamère : "J'ai décidé de quitter EELV"


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|Courtyard By Marriott Pomona hotels are provided below. Search for cheap and discount Courtyard By Marriott hotel rates in Pomona, CA for your upcoming individual or group travel. We list the best Courtyard By Marriott Pomona properties so you can review the Pomona Courtyard By Marriott hotel list below to find the perfect place.
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Hotels in 49279 - Sand Creek MI
Only hotels in 49279 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Sand Creek, MI for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 49279 hotels and motels so you can review the Sand Creek hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Lenawee county and area code 517 are also listed.
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Travel Channel's Ghost Adventures Investigates St. Louis Exorcist House; Hears Demons
|Travel Channel
|Inside the bedroom where the exorcism took place.
The investigation itself, however, started out as something of a bust.
"For the first three hours we were in the house we didn't experience shit," recalls Bagans.
The team then brought in a ouija board.
"We had our SB7 spirit box with us, and there was this weird moment when I actually said out loud to the guys: 'Do you really want to do this?'" recalls Groff. "Suddenly we got voices coming thorough the spirit box. One said 'devil' another said 'diablo.' Something was there with us."
Groff says he later presented the audio from the spirit box to Fr. Ashcraft.
"His jaw just dropped," says Groff. "He was like, 'You guys need to be careful and seek help. Not only is that one spirit, it's probably multiple demonic entities you heard -- perhaps up to seven -- because the weaker ones can't be heard as clearly."
Concludes Bagans: "It's draining what we encounter. The energy. It can drag everything out of your soul."
Tune into the Travel Channel on Friday, October 4, at 8 p.m. CST for more of the Ghost Adventures investigation of the St. Louis "Exorcist House."
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News Archive
December 14, 2006
Sociologists find that their retirement and unemployment rates are up, relative to other disciplines. Political science jobs show uptick.
December 14, 2006
Early numbers suggest students are receiving new federal grants, but officials on many campuses ask if aid is serving needy.
December 14, 2006
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is, on balance, achieving both gender and racial diversity on the playing fields of its members and in its own offices. But white males continue to dominate athletics director and conference commissioner positions, according to an annual report on college athletics.
December 13, 2006
Controversy at UMass raises issues of how far to go in fighting drug activity on campus.
December 13, 2006
New Democratic approach to 2007 budget probably dooms boosts in science spending and Pell funds -- and wipes out earmarks.
December 13, 2006
Economics group, under fire for spiking job notices explicitly welcoming female or minority applicants, will consider change in policy.
December 13, 2006
Incoming chair of House education committee addresses -- quite generally -- higher ed issues for the year ahead.
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Broken vows of new jobs may cost firms that got state aid
Mark Kvamme says he wants to do all he can to help bring jobs to Ohio, but Gov. John Kasich's new development director also is showing he is not tentative about going after companies that fail to live up to their promises to create jobs.
3CDC, a private nonprofit development agency, was awarded $18 million in credits to be used for real estate financing in Over-the-Rhine. The agency had applied for a total of $85 million in credits to fund its redevelopment activity in 2011
(Toledo Blade, February 25, 2011) Dean Monske, the Regional Growth Partnership's new chief executive, said Friday he will push for regional cooperation among local economic development groups as he works to attract investment to the area.
Treasury awards $53 million in tax credits to aid development, job creation in Cleveland area (The Plain Dealer, February 24, 2011) The biggest local beneficiary of Thursday's announcement was the Cleveland New Markets Investment Fund, part of Cleveland Development Advisors. The group is an offshoot of the Greater Cleveland Partnership, the region's chamber of commerce. It won $35 million in tax credits for real estate and economic-development projects.
Crothers to direct economic growth (Toledo Blade, February 26, 2011) Toledo's director of public utilities, who held top positions in the Ford and Finkbeiner administrations before becoming executive director of the Downtown Toledo Improvement District, will take over next month as the city's lead economic development official.
Facilitec, a Shelby company, knows the possibility of energy savings in schools because it monitors the school's power consumption to make sure it is operating as efficiently as possible. The school district is one of Facilitec's clients across the country. The company installs high-tech tools to monitor building facilities -- whether lights, heating and air conditioning, security cameras or other systems -- so they can be controlled remotely, optimized for peak performance and operated at a minimal cost.
Ohio's environmental regulator has issued a document that helps clear the way for construction of a building where General Electric Co. will develop advanced electrical power systems for airplanes, ships and automobiles.
Ray Leach, chief executive of the nonprofit JumpStart Inc., said he has fielded dozens of calls from investors, national foundations and the national media since Obama held the first of several of his "Winning the Future Forums on Small Business" at Cleveland State University on Tuesday.
SAIC to expand local operations, add jobs in Springfield's Nextedge Tech Park (Dayton Daily News, February 28, 2011) Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) will expand its operations in Springfield at the Nextedge Research and Applied Technology Park, adding 41 jobs to the community.
The Ohio Tax Credit Authority today decided to extend the maximum job creation tax credit possible to Calisolar Inc. as an incentive for the company to locate in Ohio.
The funding will spur job creation by offering low-interest financing for projects that revitalize both urban and rural low income communities in Ohio. This is the sixth round of NMTC funding Finance Fund has received, totaling $170 million since 2004.


text: insider 5pts "Although last year's model (G sedan)"...get it straight Motortrend, the G37 and the Q50 are 2 completely different vehicles released by Infiniti. The Q50 is brand new in 2014, and a COMPLETELY different car. It is lighter, more agile, 2 inches longer, has a larger and more luxurious interior - the G37 is somewhat of a muscle car in comparison and has been around for a long time. Hard to take Motortrend seriously when you can't even get that basic information straight. In the future the G sedan will become the Q40, as everything with Infiniti is now going to be either a Q (sedans, smaller unibodies) and QX (Suv's, crossovers - e"x"tra space).


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Texas Politics
All Texas politics all the time from the San Antonio Express-News and Houston Chronicle
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Comptroller: Texas economy will keep adding jobs in 2014-2015
AUSTIN — Texas Comptroller Susan Combs delivered revenue estimates to the Legislature Thursday that included a roughly $2.5 billion surplus. Combs' report also projected Texas will continue adding jobs at a healthy pace over the next two years, though not at the same tick as the last three years. "The most likely scenario for our […] [Read More]


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These requirements
are based on what is required for generalist and advanced practice
preparation. These requirements include:
Please be advised that there are minimum entry
qualifications to professional nursing practice. Typically, all nursing
employers set up minimal physical and mental standards for employment as
a registered nurse. The University of San Francisco wishes to inform
prospective students of the general nature of such qualifications,
although qualifications may vary among employers. Further, the
University of San Francisco wishes to assist applicants in meeting all
essential qualifications. Applicants should assess their own
capabilities for nursing prior to entering the profession of nursing as a
graduate. Thus, the following are MINIMUM mental and physical
qualifications for admission of applicants to a professional nursing
All students in the School of Nursing and Health Professions are expected to meet
these qualifications and successfully complete other course
requirements. Individuals applying for admission to the School of
Nursing and Health Professions should consider their eligibility in light of these
qualifications and assess their ability to meet these qualifications.
In carrying out the nondiscrimination policy of the School
of Nursing and Health Professions with regard to students and applicants with disabilities, the
school will endeavor to make reasonable modifications and otherwise
reasonably accommodate students and applicants with disabilities.
Students with disabilities should consider their ability to meet the
above qualifications with reasonable accommodation. Any requests for
accommodation will be evaluated by nursing faculty, with representation
from outside the USF School of Nursing and Health Professions as appropriate.
Students must be aware that to be eligible to take the NCLEX
RN Exam, they are required under law to report ALL misdemeanor and
felony convictions. "Driving under the influence" convictions must also
be reported. Convictions must be reported even if they have been
expunged under Penal Code 1203.4 or even if a court ordered diversion
program has been completed under Penal Code Section 1000.
Eligibility to sit for the NCLEX RN exam is determined by
the California Board of Registered Nursing. Consideration is given to
the nature and severity of the offense, additional subsequent acts,
recency of acts or crimes, compliance with court sanctions, and evidence
of rehabilitation.