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What is copyright?
What can and cannot be copyrighted?
Using copyrighted works
Scope of copyright
Exceptions to copyright protection
Duration of copyright
Copyright notice and registration
A. Copyright is a form of legal protection, provided by federal statute, to creators of artistic works. As mandated in the United States constitution, the purpose of the copyright statute is to promote the progress of science and useful arts by giving creators certain exclusive rights to control their works for a limited time. These exclusive rights essentially ensure that, from a legal standpoint, no one but the creator can use a work in a number of proscribed manners without the creator's permission. Thus, the exclusive rights afforded by copyright give rise to its legal definition: "a limited duration monopoly."
A. In order to copyright a work, two requirements must be met. First, the work must be original. Original in this context generally means that the work was not copied from someone else's work. Second, the work must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression. With respect to music, fixation in a tangible medium refers to recording the work on something you can hold or touch. Examples are writing a song down on paper or recording a song onto a storage device such as a tape, DAT, CD, DVD, computer hard drive, or other recording medium. Merely performing a song live does not fix the work in a tangible medium.
Within the subject area of music, there are a number of important types of works that merit discussion. One of the most important distinctions to make is between a musical work (also referred to as a "composition" or sometimes, confusingly, a "song") and a sound recording (also referred to as a "master"). A musical work is comprised of the musical notes and rhythms, as well as lyrics, of a song. A sound recording is a particular recording of a musical work. The reason for the distinction is that the individuality in expression that occurs during a particular performance has independent artistic value separate from the underlying musical work.
A. A number of things are not copyrightable. First, songs or performances that are not fixed in a tangible medium are not copyrightable. This includes songs in one's head or songs a band has been playing live but has not yet recorded. To be copyrightable, a song must be written down on paper or recorded.
A. Ideas and concepts are not copyrightable. Only the "expression" of an idea is copyrightable (the way you describe the idea). For example, suppose an artist records a song or album that is later credited with creating an entirely new genre of music. The artist cannot claim a copyright over the entire genre. The artist may only copyright particular song, sound recording, and album.
A. Words and short phrases (written or musical), are generally not copyrightable. This includes song and album titles. However, names, titles and phrases may be protected under other laws, such as trademark. With respect to musical notes, whether short phrases are copyrightable is decided on a case-by-case basis. For example, the five notes played by the spaceships in the movie "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" are copyrightable because of their originality.
A. Songs in the public domain are not copyrightable. Copyrights have a limited duration. Once the term of the copyright has expired, the song enters the public domain – that is, it is owned by the public. After a song enters the public domain, anyone is free to use the song however he or she may choose. For example, songs in the public domain may be covered or sampled without the original creator's permission. However, any new recording of a song in the public domain is copyrightable as a sound recording.
A. Both the musical work and sound recording are separately and individually copyrightable. Furthermore, because every sound recording is by definition a particular recording of a musical work, every sound recording necessarily embodies two separate copyrightable works—the sound recording and the musical work. You have independent rights in your recording.
A. A joint work is created when 1) two or more artists contribute to the work and 2) the artists intend that their respective contributions be merged into a single work. Each artist is a co-owner of the entire work, regardless of the amount he or she contributed. Additionally, each co-owner can individually control the work (including selling it) without the permission of the other owners (they still must give the other owners their fair share of any proceeds though). Thus, if one person writes the music and another person writes the lyrics to a song, both own 50% of the song and both can use or sell the song without the other's permission. Similarly, songs that are written by bands are owned equally by each contributing member.
A. An additional type of work is the compilation. Compilations are formed by the collection and assembling of preexisting materials or data in such a way that the resulting work as a whole constitutes an original work. If the materials in the compilation are each individually copyrightable, it is called a collective work. The copyright in the compilation or collective work is a separate copyright than the copyrights in the component works, regardless of whether the same artist created all the works included in the compilation or collective work. In the area of music, it is important to note that the legal definition of compilation (a collection of materials generally) differs somewhat from the colloquial use of the word compilation (a collection of songs by different artists). Thus, any album, whether it includes songs by one or many different artists, is a compilation or collective work and may itself be copyrighted, regardless of whether each song on the album has already been individually copyrighted.
A. You may be dealing with a work made for hire (or "work for hire"). There are two types of works for hire. The first type is a work made by employees in the scope of their employment. This means the employer must actually direct or supervise the creation of the work in a very specific way. This type of work made for hire is fairly rare in music because of these strict requirements. The second type of work made for hire must be 1) commissioned (that is, made at the request of someone), 2) created under a written agreement, and 3) created for use in a motion picture or other audiovisual work, a collected work, or compilation (actually, there are other possibilities as well, but they are irrelevant in the music industry). In both types of works made for hire, the employer or business commissioning the work owns the work in its entirety. The actual creator of the work owns nothing. For example, if a movie studio hires someone to write a score for a movie, the score will fall under the second type of work made for hire and the movie studio will own the score. Additionally, record labels have long claimed that albums are works made for hire because they are collective works. However, the law in this regard remains unsettled.
A. Copyright infringement occurs when any of the exclusive rights in a copyright are violated without the owner's permission and no exceptions apply. Piracy most often refers to infringement through unauthorized copying and/or distribution, including downloading, of copyrighted works. Those who infringe copyrights are subject to both civil and criminal penalties. Furthermore, those that aid others in infringing may also be subject to penalties. For example, the owner's of the original Napster, though they did not themselves download songs without the permission of the copyright owners, were held liable because the software allowed others to download songs illegally.
A. The owner of a copyrighted work has the exclusive right to make a derivative work. To use a sample you need to obtain permission from the original copyright owner. In essence, derivative works build upon, transform, or modify existing works. Derivative works arise in the music industry primarily from the use of samples. Any work that uses a sample of another song is a derivative work, regardless of how long or short the sample or how much the sample is changed or altered. A particular arrangement of a song is also considered a derivative work.
A. As discussed previously, each sound recording embodies two copyrights – one in the musical work and one in the sound recording. However, it is not always the case that one person owns both the sound recording and musical work embodied in the recording. Suppose, for example, that a songwriter, A, writes and records a song. Obviously, A would own the copyright in both the musical work and the sound recording. If B later records A's song, B would own the copyright to the sound recording which he recorded. However, A would still own the copyright in the musical work embodied in B's recording.
The result of this dual ownership of any single recording means that anyone wishing to use a recording in certain ways must often obtain the permission from two separate owners. For example, suppose C wishes to make copies of B's recording. C must get the permission of both B, who owns the sound recording copyright, and A, who owns the musical work copyright. Similarly, if C wishes to sample B's recording or use it in the soundtrack to a movie, B must again get the permission of both B and A. Finally, C must get the permission of both B and A to sell or distribute original copies of B's recordings. In each case, because A's musical work is embodied in B's recording, any copy, sample, or distribution of the sound recording is necessarily a copy, sample or distribution of the musical work.
A. Compilations or collective works often contain components that are separately copyrighted. If the creator of the compilation or collective work is different than the creator of the separately copyrighted components, each owns a separate copyright. For example, suppose a record label creates a compilation album that includes a song owned by artist A and gets permission from A to use the song. The record label cannot use artist A's song in another album without again getting artist A's permission. Similarly, artist A cannot claim ownership to or assert control over the compilation album as a whole.
A. The creator of a derivative work cannot claim ownership of the works from which a new work is derived. Furthermore, the owners of the works used in the derivative work can claim ownership only to the parts of the derivative work that use the works they themselves own. For example, suppose artist/producer B uses a short vocal sample of a song by artist C, with C's permission, to create song X. Artist/producer B cannot use the vocal sample in the creation of another song Y without again getting artist C's permission. Similarly, artist C cannot sample song X without artist B's permission.
A. The scope of copyright protection depends on whether a work is a musical work or sound recording. Copyrighted musical works give the owner of the copyright the exclusive rights over reproduction, creation of derivative works, first distribution, digital phonorecord deliveries, and public performance. The fact that these rights are exclusive means that anyone wishing to engage in the preceding activities must get the copyright owner's permission.
A. Copyright law provides owners of sound recordings with a slightly different set of rights than is granted to the owners of musical works. Specifically, the exclusive rights granted to the owner of a sound recording copyright are the rights to reproduction, creation of derivative works, first distribution, and public performance (note that there is no right to control digital downloads, as there is for musical works). Unlike with musical works, reproduction in the context of sound recordings is narrowly defined. Specifically, reproduction means to directly or indirectly recapture the actual sounds fixed in the recording. Thus, copying a recording from a CD would qualify as a reproduction of the sound recording (and musical work), but making a new recording of a song using the exact same instruments, and even musicians, playing the exact same notes would not qualify as a reproduction of the sound recording (however, it would be a reproduction of the musical work). Derivative works are defined in generally the same manner as with musical works. In this context, derivative works most often refers specifically to using a sample or the full sound recording to create a new sound recording or to accompany an audiovisual work. First distribution is also defined in the same manner as with musical works. Finally, public performance in the context of sound recordings applies only to digital audio transmissions, commonly known as webcasts.
A. The most noteworthy exception to the exclusive rights granted to copyright owners of musical works is the compulsory license. A compulsory license means that the copyright owner must allow anyone who wants to use the copyrighted work to do so, whether the copyright owner wants to or not. In return for this forced license, the copyright owners are reimbursed by fees set through negotiation or by the government (depending on which license applies). The six compulsory licenses are:
A. Another noteworthy exception to the exclusive rights previously described is referred to as the fair use doctrine. Fair use provides an absolute exception to the exclusive rights of the copyright owner when another uses the owner's work in specific ways. In cases where the fair use exception applies, permission from the copyright owner to use the work is unnecessary.
Generally, use of a copyrighted work for criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research qualifies as fair use. While no bright line rules exist for determining whether a particular use is fair, courts rely on a four factor test. The factors are 1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether the use is commercial or for non-profit educational purposes; 2) the nature of the copyrighted work itself, in which courts typically evaluate whether the work is factual, scientific, or artistic in nature; 3) the quantitative amount and substantiality, interpreted as the qualitative amount, of the work that is copied; and 4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the work.
Generally speaking, uses for non-commercial purposes that will not diminish the copyright owner's ability to make money from the work are considered fair use. As a result, permission from the copyright owner for those uses is unnecessary. However, if there is doubt about whether a use is fair, err on the side of caution and get permission or speak with an attorney.
A. Works originally created on or after January 1, 1978 have copyright protection until 70 years after the death of the creator. If the work was created by more than one person, the term of the protection continues until 70 years after the last surviving creator dies. Works made for hire or by corporate businesses, as well as anonymous and pseudonymous works, are protected for 95 years from the date of first publication or 120 years from the date of creation, whichever is longer. Publication in the world of copyright is a fairly complex idea, but generally refers to offering a work, through whatever means, to the public.
A. Works created before January 1, 1978 are subject to a number of complex rules regarding the length of protection. For these works, the length of the copyright is often dependent on when the work was publi hed, whether the creator applied for an extension, or whether the work is a sound recording or musical work. Therefore, an attorney should be consulted to determine the length of a copyright for works created before January 1, 1978.
A. Although the exclusive rights in copyright are initially given to the creator of the musical work or sound recording, copyright owners can transfer or assign their rights to other people or businesses. Any or all of the copyright owner's exclusive rights or any subdivision of those rights may be transferred. Transfer of the rights on an exclusive basis (meaning only the person who receives the rights has the power to control them, including whether the copyright owner can grant those same rights to other people) are valid only if the transfer is in writing and signed by the copyright owner, or an authorized person acting on the copyright owner's behalf. Transfer of the rights on a nonexclusive basis (meaning the person who receives the rights cannot control whether the copyright owner grants those same rights to other people as well) does not require a written agreement. Copyrights can also be transferred by will or inheritance.
Transfers of copyright are normally made through a contract. For example, most recording contracts transfer all of the exclusive rights to the sound recordings made under the contract to the record label on an exclusive basis. Thus, the record label, not the recording artist, effectively controls how the sound recordings may be used. Due to the complexity of copyright, artists should always consult an attorney when transferring all or part of their exclusive rights in copyright through a contract.
In the case of any work other than a work made for hire, the termination of a transfer of rights is permitted after 35 years under certain conditions by serving written notice to the transferee (the person to whom the owner transferred the rights) within specified time limits. Ownership of the copyright is regained for the rest of its duration. Due to the complexities involved, an artist wishing to regain her copyright should consult an attorney.
A final note on transfers is that they should be recorded with the federal Copyright Office (see the section on How to Obtain a Copyright for contact information). Though recordation with the Copyright Office is not necessary to transfer a copyright, it does provide certain legal advantages. Again, an attorney should be consulted.
A. Copyright notices in music come in two forms. The symbol © refers to a copyright in a musical work. The symbol (P) refers to a copyright in a sound recording. Regardless of which symbol is used, each is followed by the year of publication (see section on the Duration of Copyright for a general definition of publication) and the name of the copyright owner.
Copyright notice is no longer legally necessary to ensure copyright protection in many instances. Nevertheless, it is highly recommended that all embodiments of a copyrightable work include copyright notices to ensure others are informed about the copyright ownership. Thus, all tapes, DATs, CDs, DVDs, or other recording mediums, as well as sheet music, written lyrics, and packaging materials for a recording, should include copyright notices.
A. Contrary to popular opinion, registration of a work is not necessary in order to obtain copyright protection under the law. Since 1976, copyright protection begins automatically from the moment a work is created and fixed in a tangible medium.
Despite the foregoing, registration with the federal Copyright Office is strongly recommended. The law imposes certain penalties on an artist who does not register a work. First, the artist cannot collect statutory fees under the "cover" license. Second, the artist cannot file a lawsuit against someone for infringement. Third, anyone may challenge the artist's copyright and the artist will have the burden in court of proving the copyright is valid (i.e., registration ensures the challenger has the burden in court). Fourth, the artist can't get certain types of monetary damages for infringement or recover attorneys' fees paid in the course of a lawsuit.
A. As previously discussed, an artist obtains copyright protection automatically upon the creation of a copyrightable work. However, in order to avoid the penalties previously discussed, an artist should register a work with the federal Copyright Office. Registration forms can be ordered by writing the Copyright Office at:
Information and Publications
Section LM-455
Copyright Office
Library of Congress
Washington, DC 20559
Additionally, the forms can be accessed online at http://www.copyright.gov/forms/.
To register a work with the Copyright Office, one simply fills out the application, deposits a copy of the work, and pays a filing fee of $30. The appropriate form for registering a musical work is form PA (performing arts). The form for registering a sound recording is form SR (sound recording). If the SR form is used and the artist owns both the musical work and the sound recording, the registration covers both the musical work and sound recording copyrights. More than one song may be registered for a single fee by putting the songs on a tape or CD and registering them simultaneously as a collection using the form SR. <OUT OF DATE: TO BE REVISED>
If registering with the Copyright Office is too expensive, an artist can use the "poor man's copyright." This consists of simply mailing an envelope with a copy of the song enclosed to oneself, preferably by certified mail, and storing the envelope, unopened, someplace safe when it arrives. The primary reason for using this alternative registration method is to provide proof of creation of a song. This could be extremely important if someone later uses or records the song and falsely claims he actually created it.
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text: New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It is bordered on the northeast by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware. The state can be thought of as five regions, based on natural geography and population. Northeastern New Jersey, the Gateway Region, lies with ...in the New York metropolitan area, and some residents commute into the city to work. Northwestern New Jersey, or the "Skylands", is, compared to the northeast, more wooded, rural, and mountainous, but still a popular place to live. The "Shore", along the Atlantic Coast in the central-east and southeast, has its own natural, residential, and lifestyle characteristics owing to its location by the ocean. The central-west and southwest are within metropolitan Philadelphia, and are included in the Delaware Valley. The fifth region is the Pine Barrens in the interior of the southern part. Covered rather extensively by mixed pine and oak forest, it has a much lower population density than much of the rest of the state. It is the most densely populated state in the United States. The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. New Jersey's position at the center of the Northeast megalopolis, between Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, D.C., fueled its rapid growth through the suburban boom of the 1950s and beyond. Today, New Jersey has the highest population density and the second highest median income of any state in the United States.Show More

subset: commoncrawl


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Below is the poem entitled Christ's Total Suffiency which was written by poet
McConnell. Please feel free to comment on this poem. However, please remember, PoetrySoup is a place of encouragement and growth.
Read Poems by
Gordon Mcconnell
This world thinks it is
a self sufficient lot
but it's terrible state
shows it's in such a rot
There is hope for it
for there is sure suffiency
in the one true saviour
who has shown His great abundancy
For if this world would turn
to look upon their only hope
the living Christ would receive them
rescuing them from their slippery slope
Christ indeed is all sufficient
for all that on Him call
He will save those He chose
leaving none to fall
A comment has not been posted for this poem. Encourage a poet by being the first to comment.


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Wilson, who was a free agent after leaving Bristol City at the end of last season and had spent time training with United this summer, has joined until the end of January.
He previously played for the club earlier in his career before joining Celtic in 2006, and McNamara told the club website: "Mark brings experience and ability to the squad. The short term deal will give him an opportunity to show there are no fitness concerns.
"He will enhance our squad and his versatility is important. He is comfortable at right back and left back and also gives the option of playing in front of the back four.
"He is the type of player who will help us get control of the ball and settle us down when required and I am delighted he has signed."
Wilson added: "Tannadice holds great memories for me as I had great times here as a young player. I am coming back as an older, more experienced footballer.
"I know I can be a useful asset for Dundee United and I cannot wait to get playing again."


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Reviews: Study Guides
Study Guides
- Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice by Wolters Kluwer/ Lippincott Williams & Wilkins in Books
- Posted Account Removed on Thu, 04 Mar 2010 19:36:29 UTC
- Last Review: "this book is full of nursing information. it gives you each diagnosis with the nursing care plan. it also includes information on labs. it is a ..."
- Jarvis Physical Examination & Health Assessment Pocket Companion by Saunders in Books
- Posted Account Removed on Sun, 05 Sep 2010 10:39:58 UTC
- Last Review: "Handy pocket guide to have for physical assessments or even a reference to have to brush up on assessment skills. Great pictures and easy to follo..."
- eg. world cup by 11 in Books
- Posted 1mercynyayo on Wed, 11 Jun 2014 14:57:45 UTC
- Last Review: "http://www.eventbrite.com/o/live-streaming-2014-world-cup-opening-ceremony-online-free-watch-fifa-6729008631 http://gadm.org/node/1639 http://www.y..."


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The home boasts 11,000 square feet which includes seven bedrooms and nine bathrooms. On Tuesday the super star tweetedthe new purchase, "I literally wake up every morning at 5:30ish and stare at my pool til the sun comes up! Just waiting! Is this my life."And it seems the Unapologeticsinger maybe living alone…she recently tweeted an E-card that read, "Being single sucks. The only thing I get to do anymore is whatever the f–k I want to do."Her on again off again boyfriend Chris Brown is still rumored to be seeing Karrueche Tran. The model's bff Christina Milian, had this to say regarding the two on the Wendy Williams Show Dec. 14th:
"From what I've always known, she's his girlfriend."
Related News:
Rihanna tweets letter to fans about Chris Brown


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Boise State won the MAACO Bowl. The Broncos finished the year 11-2; 7-1 in conference play.
That much is crystal clear.
The future of the football program is considerably more cloudy.
Reports surfaced last weekend that Boise State officials were doing double duty in Las Vegas- not just visiting Sin City for the bowl game, but also to meet with Mountain West Commissioner Craig Thompson about rejoining the conference.
Now it appears Boise State is pitting the Mountain West against the Big East by asking to retain its home television rights in whichever league the Broncos end up in. No current FBS teams in the country currently have such a privilege.
"There [are] question marks," said coach Chris Petersen after Saturday's game. "But I don't lose one second of sleep over it, because I know our administration is going to do exactly the right thing for Boise State."
Petersen added, "If the Big East is the best place for us, we're going to be there. If the Mountain West is the best place, we'll be there. I think we have a program that a lot of people want us to be a part of, and we understand that, and whatever is best for the program and our university, they'll do."
- Latest


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Topic: Jobs in Yucatan
Print this Page Email & Share
Name of Applicant: Chris Anne Strickling, Ph.D.
Email Address: cstrickling [at] austin [dot] rr [dot] com
Phone Number: USA 512-585-6155
Type of Work Desired: Teaching business writing. I want to teach Mexican business people how to write effective letters and proposals in English. Instruction would include writing, composition, editing, formatting, etc.
Job Location Desired: Merida (building a house in Izamal)
Resume or Qualification Description: I have spent two years teaching Business Writing in the states. I have a Ph.D. in English, 4 years teaching English at the college level in Texas, and freelance editing experience.
Any Additional Information: I have intermediate level Spanish skills, but not good enough for translation (yet)!


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The End Times of Bram and Ben
The End Times of Bram & Ben TP
Series Info
Latest Issue:
The End Times of Bram & Ben #4 (of 4)
- Written By: James Asmus
- Written By: Jim Festante
- Art By: Rem Broo
- Cover By: Rem Broo
Price: $12.99
Diamond ID: JAN140551
Published: March 12, 2014
The cult-hit, Manning Award-nominated miniseries gets collected with bonus content! When the Biblical apocalypse starts, charming bastard Bram Carlson is raptured into Heaven in a "clerical error." After he's sent back to Earth, Bram decides to cash in the end of the world for all it's worth! But can his anxious roommate Ben save his friend from himself—and the mounting forces of Armageddon? Check out the book the Onion's AVClub called "hilarious" and IGN called "an amazing series!"


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400 North Capitol Street, NW
Suite 765
Washington, DC 20001
Government goes to those who show up. FreedomWorks makes it easy to hold your elected officials accountable in our fully interactive Action Center.
Want to see how your legislators voted on key FreedomWorks issues? You can use our key vote scorecards to see how they measure up.
Find activists, groups, and events right in your own neighborhood. Join FreedomConnector to get involved and learn more about key issues threatening our economic freedom. Whether you're looking for like-minded people, trying to boost your existing group's impact, or simply trying to stay up on current events, FreedomConnector is the place to start. See what's happening in your state today!
Fort Mill, South Carolina. On April 20, 2007, FreedomWorks members attended the GOP luncheon with presidential candidate Gov. Huckabee. Over 100 SC GOPers turned out to hear from Gov. Huckabee, and FreedomWorks was there to support the Flat Tax, School Choice, and the rest of the Freedom Agenda.
Remember the flat tax? The policy proposal gained traction among conservative politicians for a while in the 1990s, but it withered amid little real-world political support.
Now it's back, as a fiscal policy cornerstone of Kansas Sen. Sam Brownback's campaign for the 2008 Republican presidential nomination.
It calls for earned income to be taxed at the same marginal rate, unlike the current system, which has different tax brackets for different incomes. Typically, proponents of a flat tax call for eliminating most deductions except for a sizable individual exemption.
Matt Kibbe was interviewed for a documentary being developed by the Bill for Rights Foundation. Final produce will be marked to programs such as Frontline. Other interviews included Grover Norquest.
The campaign to scrap the code continues to gain momentum! More Americans are recongizing the unfair, dishonest, and costly nature of the current tax code. It's time for a change.
Saturday is April 15: national lawbreaker day. Everyone could be a criminal on tax day because of the sheer size and complexity of the federal tax code. At more than 9 million words and growing, the tax code is a leviathan of potholes, pitfalls and disasters waiting to happen.
Another dreaded April 15th – Tax Day – is nearly upon us. Our annual tax ritual requires over 26 hours from the average person filing a standard 1040, and over 60 percent of Americans seek professional help. The reason: The U.S. tax code now exceeds 60,000 pages, and those pages often give conflicting advice.
No wonder that in 1976, presidental candidate Jimmy Carter declared, "Our income tax system is a disgrace to the human race."
April 15, national lawbreaker day, is around the corner. Everyone could be a criminal on tax day because of the sheer size and complexity of the federal tax code. At more than 9 million words and growing, the tax code is a leviathan of potholes, pitfalls, and disasters waiting to happen. Special interests have long fed at the tax code trough, getting clever exclusions and deductions added to the code while you and I break pencils worrying about if those late-night copies constitute a business expense or whether mileage can be deducted from our taxes. Who knows? Unless you like pouring over indecipherable tax forms, instruction booklets, and the attendant guide books published by the tax consulting industry, you will probably never know for sure if you've paid the right amount this year. You might just be a felon.
In 1994, Republicans won control of Congress by touting their "Contract with America."
Twelve-years later, conservative Republicans, angered by the growing budget deficit and increased pork-barrel spending, proposed massive budget cuts that they say will help balance the budget by 2011.
"House conservatives believe we must return to our 1994 roots of fiscal discipline and reform," said Rep. Mike Pence, R-Ind., the chairman of the Republican Study Committee, a group of more than 60 conservative members of the House who wield some influence within the party.
This op-ed originally appeared in The Washington Post on Thursday, December 22, 2005
The report issued last month by President Bush's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform landed in no-man's land. The right was disappointed that its proposals were so timid, and the left was critical because the report highlighted the damaging impact of high tax rates on work, saving and investment.
When then-Governor Reagan was behind in the polls to then-President Carter, he announced his support for major tax reform and advocated tax cuts to stimulate economic activity. And we all know how that turned out. Reagan's association with the supply-side economic ideas of Jack Kemp and Arthur Laffer may have very well been the catalyst that propelled him to victory in 1980. When President Reagan actually proposed major tax reform that included tax-rate reductions across-the-board, his critics labeled the plan "voodoo economics." Another derogatory term, "trickle-down" economics (meaning the benefits of tax cuts for the rich would eventually get to the poor), characterized the economic and political world's disbelief in the dynamic effect of tax-rate reductions.


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Thomas J. Northrup, 21, of 75 Niagara St., Canandaigua, was ticketed, according to Ontario County sheriff's deputies.
Marc Daniel Salvetti, 29, and Joshua Patrick Salvetti, 22, both of Onondaga County, were charged Jan. 24 with fourth-degree grand larceny, Ontario County sheriff's deputies said.
Not a lot happens on �Togetherness.� In the first episode, we meet Brett (Mark Duplass) and Michelle (Melanie Lynskey), a married couple living in Los Angeles with their two children. By the end of the first episode Brett�s best friend Alex...
Fishermen are out in full force, taking advantage of good conditions for ice fishing
Victor resident Gene Pratt is among the first-time participants in the Canandaigua Classic Antique Show and Sale, now in its 16th year
When you strip away all the layers of cockiness, preachiness and delusion in President Obama's 2015 State of the Union address, you find more cockiness, preachiness and delusion underneath.This was most obvious in the brief and buried...
One of the first economic principles to understand in order to separate people from their money is the �disconnect.� The more that you can disconnect people from seeing the true financial costs of their activities, the easier it is to profit from...
This list of superfood staples will rev up your diet and have your body feeling better and stronger.
A lighter take on a comforting classic.
So long, boring salads!
Canandaigua Directory
Business Name
Location, ST | website.com
- Events Calendar


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The Mets have some very good players and their fans are as loyal as any but it's sad to watch an organization that lacks it's own identity and has no self esteem to get them through the rough spots. Mets you are not the Yankees just be yourselves. From a Yankee fan of 50 yrs. I would love to see the other team succeed too! We are all metropolitan New York fans.


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Want to set your local edition?
Select an edition for more focused local news coverage when you visit AL.com.
Don't worry. You can change this setting at any time to another local edition.
I was watching a speech, on you tube, last night of a speech Saban made to the players who attended a camp in Tuscaloosa last year and it was very inspiring. I can see now why he's recruiting so well.
I would really like to hear something like that from Chizik. So far, I've only heard, " Auburn is Auburn and no matter what Auburn will be Auburn and no player is bigger than Auburn because Auburn is love and love is light and as long as we have light and love then Auburn be Auburn." " Yeah Auburn!" I believe he may written Xanadu for Olivia Newton John.
Another example:
"Coach, what is your reaction to Saban saying that you're a Mama's boy?
Chizik: "I have bigger fish to fry than worrying about what people say about me." "I've got to worry about Auburn, because Auburn is all that is good and it's the reason I say God Bless America every morning when I look in the mirror and slap on the High Karate."
Didn't the NCAA state that they considered worst penalties? If that is the case and I think it is I wouldn't put too much hope in having anything changed.
Like Alabama describes, it's an minor infraction that didn't give anyone a competative edge. On the other hand, didn't the NCAA bascially say if Alabama so much as litters they're going to throw the book at them thus textbooks = littering.
But who knows with the NCAA they could wipe the slate clean and give bama that 1966 NC as far as we know.
Why does he even speak at these events? There's more interesting dialogue going on at the Shady Acres Retirement Home. Saban doesn't say much either but at least he sounds pissed off when he says it.
As an Auburn fan it's time for all of us to move on. I can't express how tired I am of hearing about Gadsden and Mobile . If someone had bama dead to rights and was serious about getting something done about it they would have submitted the smoking gun to a trustworthy media outlet and let the pressure of the masses put the NCAA in a corner.
With that I say to those who can't stop talking about it, please shut up.
I like old Gus. I hope he turns out to be an awesome OC for us. I believe the no huddle, done his way, will help our lack of depth. when you think about, defenses do'nt know what we're going to do and if we don't give them time to think about it and prepare, that's a huge edge. I expect many big plays and also several busted plays in the begenning.
A great man. He'll be missed.
La Monroe under Saban nuff said.
Richardson seems like a great player and person. There are tons of great people in orange and blue and crimson and white. Rabid fans sometimes can take the fun out sports and make a simple game seem must more important than it is.
Intelligent Bama People: Please disregard idiot Auburn people.
Intelligent Auburn People: Please disregard idiot Bama people.
There needs to be fan sites for both kinds of fans. The ones who love there team with all their hearts but don't about winning and losing and the other 80%.
I'm and Auburn fan and if anyone from Auburn turned Bama in that is a mistake because we all live in glass houses. Bubba booster who is remotely connected with Auburn could do something stupid and there we are have tea at the Probation Inn with our good buddies from Bama.
Both teams should know that Private Investigators are everywhere and if there cross state rival doesn't turn them in someone else will.
No doubts about the first top 6 recruits. Soild players solid people. I see a class of leaders being assembled. I see a class of legends being born. I see the pizza man coming up the road, later.
Bama fans, if the NCAA takes this information and fines out that it is true and bama gets in serious trouble who will you be more angry at the people who turned you in or the people who broke the rules?
Everyone knows that answer.
The best thing to do as far as any institution is concerned is to realistically realize that the SEC is rich and everyones recruiting is being watched very closely and that the best thing to do is not to take a chance and cheat.
Bama fans don't be mad but not because someone turned you in but because someone on your end did something wrong.
Please stop reporting from Bizarro World. "Sources from Montgomery" oh please. You'll have to do better than that. Where's your FB package? Show us your package! That sounded gay but at any rate.
Alabama Internet Civil War.
Brother against brother, cousin against cousin, rich against rich, poor against poor and it's not a matter of civil rights or abortion or illegal immigration, it's about "Alabama and Auburn Football!" Most casual fans have no clue about the Ironbowl forum wars which rage everyday but it looks like someone may have pushed the little red button.
A quick update:
Auburn fans have claimed that Alabama has been cheating basically since the day Nick Saban stepped on the Alabama campus. Initially Alabama fans and officials did not pay very much attention to the rumors and postings, just more of the same right. But the Auburn fans, who supposedly are in the know and a have contacts with people who know even more continued to post in these private and public Auburn forums, discussing rumors concerning everything from grade fixing to illegal auto purchasing for student athletes. Same old stuff right, been going on for years right. Normally, generic rumors with nothing to them burn out after a while and are replaced with new rumors but there's something different about these rumors. These never died out and instead got stronger and more believable and the 10 people who were posting about the rumors turned into 1000 people in every forum . The allegations of wrong doing were now being heard all over the Southeastern Conference. Recently over the last couple of weeks the Alabama fans have decided to retaliate with rumors of their own about serious NCAA violations against Auburn. In most Alabama or Auburn forums now they are discussing each other more that than they are talking about what's going on with their programs and with a sense of hate I haven't seen in many years.
An interesting wrinkle: Remember that as time went by the rumors became more believable more specifics were described and names lightly dropped. Now Paul Finebaum has a package, from an anonymous source of supposedly incriminating evidence that clearly proves that those rumors are the truth. The information in the package from what I understand is only about Gadsden. But Gadsden according to readable media is only 20% of the total collection.
Who has this information? Who initiated the investigation? Is it real? What will PF do with his package? Does the NCAA have a copy? If Alabama did break the rules should there across state rivals be the ones to turn them in? All good questions let's just sit back and see how it plays out.
Alabama has 47 national championships, a god for a coach, 70% of the fans and still all they do is talk about Auburn.
Six years of beatings made them very mad.
By the way Saban called, he wants no part of Gadsden and claimed to have been busy applying Rogaine during the time the Chargers were purchased. He also said thanks for the millions and something like rednecks pay well.
Have a great year Bama you have the best players money can buy.
Seastunk's comments broke the 11th commandement.
Thou shall not use Saban's name unless to glorify the University of Alabama.
It was no big deal.
Great job CGC and crew. There's no doubt that we are going in the right direction.
Seastrunk made those comments for entertainment value and it worked I was entertained. In Scout's evaluation it was stated that he is a running that comes a long only once every 10 years.
What continues to amaze me about all the Bammer comments is that if we have become so irrelevant why are they all in our business. The truth is that they don't like us doing what we're doing while they are trying to do what they are doing because we represent a threat to their dreams. I guess they expected us to fade away into Barfield Land.
Sorry, looks like that's not going to happen. Whatever does happen from here on out I have come to believe what CGC said, that he and his staff will not be out worked by anyone in the country. It looks like they will not out innovated either.The Prowl, The Big Cat Weekend what's next....whatever it is will have a hard time topping what happened this weekend.
Great Job!!!!! WDE
Bama fans, we're just doing our thing. You can't say you're going to get the pick of the litter because the litter is too damn big. If we don't get a guy visiting this weekend Trooper and Luper will roll in 7-8 more and then 7-8 more. The days of Bear signing 125 players just to keep them away from other school is over and don't you just love the new 28 player limitation. These guys Chizik hired are money all day and all night. No Escalades needed.
What does Alabama being great and wonderful have anything to do with Auburn?
Bama folks think that the only way Auburn can be good is if they are bad. 25 good solid recruits in the right positions, that's all Auburn needs. The fact that Alabama is doing well right now should not effect Auburn getting enough quality SEC talent.
I'm an Auburn fan but would love to see two 11-0 teams play in the Ironbowl. Fans that want to see a 0-11 play 11-0 are not being smart with the BSC ratings like they are.
Auburn fan here. It's not the players or the school that makes me want set anything crimson on fire it's just fans vs fans. I love hating Bama fans and they love hating us. I'd wouldn't want to be an LSU fan with no one really to hate.
Good luck JPW!
He was still a child, a boy.


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Mr. Kenneth Wayne House, 38, of Elberton, Georgia passed away Friday evening, November 23, 2012.
Kenneth was born May 27, 1974 to Wayne and Alice Bannister House. He was the beloved husband of Ashley Eaves House, and the Daddy of Kason Parker House.
In addition to his parents, wife, and son, Kenneth is also survived by a brother, Chad House; a sister-in-law and her husband, Jennifer and Chad Whitmire; a brother-in-law, Woody Eaves; father-in-law and mother-in-law, Frank and Pam Eaves; three nieces: Annaleigh, Madelyn, and Brenna Whitmire; and 2 uncles, Stewart House and Roger House.
A service to celebrate Kenneth's life will be Monday, November 26, 2012 at Rock Branch Baptist Church, at 11:00 a.m. with Rev. Ken Wright officiating. Mr. House will lie in state at the church from 10:00-11:00 a.m. prior to the service. A time of visitation for family and friends will be Sunday evening, November 25, 2012 from 6:00-8:00 p.m. at Hicks Funeral Home. Interment will be at Elmhurst Cemetery, Elberton, Georgia.
Flowers will be graciously accepted, or memorials may be made to the Rock Branch Baptist Church Building Fund, 2150 Coldwater Rd., Elberton,Georgia 30635.
Online condolences may be sent to the family at www.hicksfuneral.com.
Arrangements for Kenneth Wayne House are in the care of the Hicks Funeral Home of Elberton.


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Cabell restaurant inspections
Here are restaurant inspections recently performed by the Cabell-Huntington Health Department. The list is sorted by critical violations. The restaurant is listed first, followed by its address, the noncritical violations, the critical violations and any remarks. View a searchable database at www.herald-dispatch.com. Click on News, then Data Library, then Restaurant Inspections.
Jewel City Seafood, 1317 4th Ave., Huntington, April 12, 0, 3, Caulking on employee hand sink soiled. Hand washing sign missing in ladies' room. Men's room sink caulking pulled away from wall, toilet seats loose in restrooms.
Los Mariachis, 6007 U.S. 60, Suite 100, Barboursville, April 9, 4, 2, Cheese cutter is dirty; item was cleaned. Can opener blade is dirty; item was washed. Prep cooler door gaskets are unclean; item was cleaned. Hallway leading out to the garbage area is unclean; item was cleaned. Women's restroom has no covered trash can; cover was added. Floor in back prep area is unclean.
China One, 6007 U.S. 60, Suite 106, Barboursville, April 9, 2, 2, Food items are stored in unapproved containers after opening; items need moved to food-safe containers. Coke cooler is 48 degrees; items were thrown out. Scoops in the flour, sugar, cornstarch all need to have a handle. Coke cooler is not cooling properly; will return in 10 days to check temperature.
Strike Zone Bowling Center, 141 Eastern Heights Shopping Center, Huntington, April 10, 0, 2, Filters in hood system are unclean. Inside of ice machine is dirty.
Lady Godiva's, 3663 U.S. 60, Barboursville, April 8, 3, 1, Microwave is dirty. No chlorine test trips on site. Ceiling in men's room in poor repair. Beer bottles stored in ice that is being used for drinks; items moved.
Tri-State Fire School, 4200 Ohio River Road, Huntington, April 8, 2, 1, Cleaning agents on shelf over paper products; paper products moved to a safe location. Dumpster surface gravel vs. asphalt or concrete. Dumpster lids damaged.
Max & Erma's, 26 Pullman Square, Suite 223, Huntington, April 9, 2, 1, Chicken noodle soup is 124 degrees; thrown out. One filter is missing from range hood. Lid of cookie freezer is in poor repair, not easily cleanable.
Burger King, 3210 Washington Blvd., Huntington, April 10, 2, 1, Inside of ice machine chutes are dirty; item was cleaned. Bottom inside of warming unit is unclean; item was cleaned. Flooring in back room and around door area is unclean; item was cleaned.
Francois Pastry Shop, 817 8th St., Huntington, April 5, 0, 1, Repeat observation: There is a kitty litter box near the stove. Cat is in kitchen.
Crossroads Giovanni's, 863 Norway Ave., Huntington, April 10, 0, 1, Three-bowl sink drain line is leaking; owner is replacing sink.
El Ranchito, 1325 Hal Greer Blvd., Huntington, April 12, 0, 1, Rice hot holding at 121 degrees vs. 135 degrees.
Sam's Hotdog Stand, 2885 5th Ave., Huntington, April 8, 6, 0, Cup left in container of sugar. Restroom trash container without lid. Restroom door closure broken. No paper towels at employee hand sink. Toilet seat loose and hand sink caulking has gaps. Wet mop stored in bucket; mop positioned to air dry.
Big Sandy Superstore Arena, 1 Civic Center Plaza, Huntington, April 5, 2, 0, Boxes of food are on floor in the walk-in freezer; put on shelf. Light is out in walk-in freezer.
Stogies Inc., 3477 U.S. 60, Huntington, April 10, 2, 0, Popcorn scoop needs a holder. Repeat observation: Chlorine test strips are needed.
The Stadium, 1441 4th Ave., Huntington, April 11, 2, 0, No test strips for quats. No hand washing signs.
Huntington Foodfair, 115 6th Ave., Huntington, April 5, 1, 0, Two thermometers in egg and lunch meat cooler are inaccurate.
Rich Oil No. 3968, 201 Bridge St., Huntington, April 8, 1, 0, Restroom sink caulking pulled away from wall.
Mike's Market, 3310 Riverside Drive, Huntington, April 8, 1, 0, Trash barrel at front of store without lid.
Wonderful Restaurant, 1415 4th Ave., Huntington, April 9, 1, 0, No hand washing signs.
Trinity Church of God, 2688 3rd Ave., Huntington, April 9, 1, 0, Restroom sink caulking pulled away from wall.
Wendy's No. 3, 3080 16th Street Road, Huntington, April 11, 1, 0, Trash container in one stall in the ladies' room without lid.
The Pig LLC, 812 10th St., Huntington, April 9, 0, 0.
Little Caesar's Pizza, 2889 5th Ave., Huntington, April 9, 0, 0.
Nawlins Street No. 1, 6106 U.S. 60, Barboursville, April 9, 0, 0.
Sweet Confections, 6007 U.S. 60, Suite 314 E, Barboursville, April 9, 0, 0.
Edible Arrangements, 16 Pullman Square, Huntington, April 9, 0, 0.
Cold Stone Creamery, 10 Pullman Square, Huntington, April 10, 0, 0.


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This Amanda Bynes story just keeps getting weirder and weirder. C'mon, you already know that your life is pretty strange when Lindsay Lohan tweet disses you, right? Maybe she shouldn't waste her energy getting (allegedly) angry with Lindsay and should instead focus on staying out of the news for sometime. Maybe that would shut up her Uncle Ron who has been busy telling anyone who will listen that Amanda needs to, "stop drinking and driving. She needs help." Well done, Ron. It's not like everyone doesn't know that already! What we're most concerned with right now though, is all this talk of her supposed mental instability and of a conservatorship that her family now wants because of her increasingly strange behaviour. TMZ says that Amanda is denying all of this, saying that the conservator-family business is all a rumor, and that she doesn't have a substance abuse problem either. That's a nod to those dodgy photographs of her smoking a pipe. But then again, she's also blithely dismissing her hit-and-run, drinking-and-driving cases.
We're wondering how Amanda's going to spin this latest story? She was shopping at Kin, a store in West Hollywood yesterday. Pretty normal stuff, really. What isn't normal is that she locked herself into one's of the fitting rooms in the store for a whole hour and 45 minutes. You heard correctly. The store's staff ended up freaking out because they kept hearing "banging noises" coming from inside the room at regular intervals. They had to make a call to one of the other employees, who we're guessing is a supervisor of some sort, to help out with the situation. One of the staff members has allegedly said, "I was so worried about her. I didn't know what she was doing in [the dressing room]. I didn't know if she was overdosing, or doing drugs or what." When the employee tried to get her out, Amanda apparently replied with, "I need more time." An hour and 45 minutes more time? What the hell was she even doing in there? When she finally emerged around 5.30 in the evening, she bought stilettos, sunglasses and some more items but didn't ring in the swimsuit top she had on underneath her dress. When the store inquired about it as she was about to head off, she said she forgot and paid up. The photographs above are of her leaving the store, and trying to cover her face while getting into a cab. So, any guesses about what she was up to? We can't even begin to start!
[Photos: Splash News Online]


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Drug Compare
Generic: hydrocodone-ibuprofen
It is used to treat moderate to severe pain
What may interact with this medicine?
What should I watch for while using this medicine?Tell your doctor or health care professional if your pain does not go away, if it gets worse, or if you have new or a different type of pain. You may develop tolerance to the medicine. Tolerance means that you will need a higher dose of the medicine for pain relief. Tolerance is normal and is expected if you take this medicine for a long time.
Do not suddenly stop taking this medicine because you may develop a severe reaction. Your body becomes used to this medicine. This does NOT mean you are addicted. Addiction is a behavior related to getting and using a drug for a non- medical reason. If you have pain, you have a medical reason to take pain medicine. Your doctor will tell you how much medicine to take. If your doctor wants you to stop this medicine, the dose will be slowly lowered over time to avoid any side effects.
There are different types of narcotic medicines (opiates) for pain. If you take more than one type at the same time, you may have more side effects. Give your health care provider a list of all medicines you use. Your doctor will tell you how much medicine to take. Do not take more medicine than directed. Call emergency for help if you have problems breathing.
This medicine will cause constipation. Try to have a bowel movement at least every 2 to 3 days. If you do not have a bowel movement for 3 days, call your doctor or health care professional.
This medicine does not prevent heart attack or stroke. In fact, this medicine may increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke. The chance may increase with longer use of this medicine and in people who have heart disease. If you take aspirin to prevent heart attack or stroke, talk with your doctor or health care professional.
Do not take naproxen with this medicine. Side effects such as stomach upset, nausea, or ulcers may be more likely to occur. Many medicines available without a prescription should not be taken with this medicine.
This medicine can cause ulcers and bleeding in the stomach and intestines at any time during treatment. Do not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. These increase irritation to your stomach and can make it more susceptible to damage from this medicine. Ulcers and bleeding can happen without warning symptoms and can cause death.
You may get drowsy or dizzy. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs mental alertness until you know how this medicine affects you. Do not stand or sit up quickly, especially if you are an older patient. This reduces the risk of dizzy or fainting spells.
This medicine can cause you to bleed more easily. Try to avoid damage to your teeth and gums when you brush or floss your teeth.
Copyright © 2005 - 2015 Healthline Networks, Inc. All rights reserved for Healthline. Healthline is for informational purposes and should not be considered medical advice, diagnosis or treatment recommendations. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy


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Overlooking a sunny courtyard, UC Davis professor Michael Turelli sits at a desk with a yellow legal pad, scientific papers and a computer. Next to a chalkboard covered with mathematical scrawlings, books written by his colleagues line the walls of his office.
Stacked on a table are music books and CDs, each with an explanatory sticky note, borrowed from a friend he's known since high school.
Turelli, whose colleagues last spring honored him with the UC Davis Distinguished Faculty Lecture Award, said his is a "ridiculously satisfying occupation."
He cites brilliant students and insightful collaborators – but also chance.
"Luck has played a great role in my career," he reflected recently.
Through his studies of bacteria living inside California fruit flies, he has helped to develop a disease-control strategy. Surprisingly, it's for dengue fever, a disease spread by mosquitoes – not in the arid climate of the Central Valley, but in the tropics. How his research focused on a disease that threatens great populations half a world away is a story he unfolds.
In the 1970s, Turelli's long, white beard was nonexistent. He had worked his way through UC Riverside to complete an undergraduate degree in mathematics and was "dead keen to not worry about making money anymore."
So he went to graduate school. Instead of studying pure math, he applied it to biology, as an article in Newsweek had persuaded him to do.
He got his doctorate – and a job at the University of California, Davis – in 1977.
"I was a Ph.D. on Thursday, and a professor on Monday," he recalled.
He leaned back in his chair and crossed his Birkenstock-clad feet.
"Someone like me would never get a job now – I'm too slow," he said, again tapping a sense of humor that draws on self-deprecation.
As a professor, Turelli ventured from the pure theory of his University of Washington graduate studies – "esoteric mathematical objects" that could be applied to ecology – into experiments.
He was motivated by his wife, who told him to work on something "real," and by his Ph.D. adviser, who had told him he "would make a fool of myself if I tried to do experiments."
To make sure he didn't, Turelli hired his first postdoctoral scholar, Australian Ary Hoffmann, now a professor at the University of Melbourne.
"Even though he was my postdoc, I learned much more from him than he learned from me," wrote Turelli in an email.
Hoffmann confirmed with a laugh that he did teach Turelli some experimental methods.
"He really got excited about all the experimental things," he said.
The two studied fruit flies.
"You're a geneticist; what else are you going to study?" said Turelli. "They're so easy to manipulate."
They wanted to learn how Northern California apple-eating fruit flies, and citrus-eating Southern California ones, were adapted to their environments.
Because flies love rotting fruit, Turelli and Hoffmann set out buckets of it. Days later, they'd use nets to swoop up hundreds of flies.
As Hoffmann mated the flies to understand their genetics, all embryos died when Southern California males mated with Northern California females. The reverse worked just fine. It turned out to be because of a genus of bacteria called Wolbachia that lived inside only southern, not northern, fruit flies.
Wolbachia are known from other insects. Passed on only by females, they had an effective way of spreading through a population.
A noninfected female can have offspring only with a noninfected male. But an infected female can mate with any male. So if a Wolbachia infection is common enough, females with it can have more offspring, and pass it to them.
"All of a sudden Michael and I had an interesting project on our hands. We not only discovered this Wolbachia, but we stumbled across a unique situation where (they) were spreading," said Hoffmann.
"I did not come to California to work on Wolbachia," he joked. Yet they continued.
The two witnessed Wolbachia spread from Southern into Northern California fruit flies, and to all of North America, in a matter of years.
"My role switched to a mathematician," explained Turelli, who used mathematical models to better understand the spread of Wolbachia. Those models were motivated by "no practical interest whatsoever," but by "making predictions about how nature should work."
Others, though, were intrigued by Wolbachia's potential for disease control. If the bacteria could spread so easily among insects, maybe they could spread along with other things that stopped those insects from carrying diseases.
Believing that "the role of math is to guide experimentalists," Turelli told them over the years that their disease-control strategies were too "intimidating," and wouldn't work.
He shook his head at the memory, saying: "But Scott O'Neill wouldn't give up."
The professor at Australia's Monash University wanted to control dengue fever, a sometimes deadly tropical disease caused by a virus spread by mosquitoes.
O'Neill and his team of researchers found a variety of Wolbachia that, unlike others, shortened the life of the insect. A mosquito with this type of Wolbachia would die before it could transmit dengue fever.
Since Wolbachia don't naturally occur in mosquitoes that transmit dengue, it took years of effort to finally get the bacteria into them in 2009.
Decades after Hoffmann and Turelli's fruit fly discovery, it seemed perfect: Mosquitoes couldn't transmit dengue if this version of Wolbachia could be spread to all of them.
"Michael had done quite an elegant job of modeling Wolbachia spread" in fruit flies, said O'Neill. He wanted to learn whether it would spread in mosquitoes.
But based on his own calculations and some of O'Neill's experiments, Turelli found that this version of Wolbachia wouldn't easily spread.
In 2010, Turelli thought the control measure was doomed.
"Again, Turelli has spoiled the party," O'Neill said, building the suspense.
But around the same time, another scientist found that Wolbachia, even more spreadable kinds, could themselves make insects able to withstand viruses such as dengue.
"So forget shortening life," exclaimed Turelli. "The project went from disaster to elation."
"It was one of those things in science that can happen fortuitously," said Hoffmann.
"Dumb luck," Turelli called it.
Mosquitoes with Wolbachia could be introduced into the wild, the bacteria would spread, dengue transmission could stop.
Turelli, with biologist Nicholas Barton of the Institute for Science and Technology Austria, then developed models for introducing them.
Through some "numerical hackwork," the two found "an extraordinarily pretty result," said Turelli, animatedly gesturing to a graph on his Mac.
They had to release mosquitoes "over an extended area, not all in one big heap," explained Barton.
"It provided us with a framework to think about the numbers that we could start with," said O'Neill.
A year ago August, O'Neill and his Eliminate Dengue team of more than 60 people successfully released mosquitoes with Wolbachia into several isolated areas of northern Queensland in Australia. They spread and could block dengue.
"All predicated on (Turelli's) predictions," said O'Neill.
Last year's test releases were like "a big outdoor cage," said Turelli. Wolbachia are so common among insects that there may be other versions of the bacteria better at spreading and blocking dengue.
"We're still working on what are the best strains (of Wolbachia), and what's the best methodology to employ," said O'Neill.
O'Neill expects more from Turelli, such as "helping us to decide which wine to drink at our annual meeting," he joked before turning serious – and "helping us to refine our thinking around each of the deployment strategies."
The team is setting up trials in Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil, where dengue is endemic.
In the future, there could be help to manage insect-borne diseases such as West Nile virus or malaria.
For now, "dengue is keeping us preoccupied," said O'Neill.
"When you work as a team together, with a bunch of really good people, you're going to achieve an awful lot," said Hoffmann.
"We have a certain synergy and it works well," he said of his work with Turelli, whose theory informs his experiments, and vice versa. "That's why we make a good team."
Yet, there's more to a successful collaboration. You "need to have a personality in order to be able to work together effectively," O'Neill said. "(Turelli) is a very special person."
"He always gets you inspired by whatever you're working on," said Barton. "He carries people away with his enthusiasm."Dengue fever
Every year, 50 million people are infected with the dengue virus. People of Indonesia, South and Central America, Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some parts of the Caribbean (nearly 40 percent of the world's population) are at risk.
The virus that causes dengue fever is transmitted by a type of mosquito.
Dengue fever is aptly nicknamed "breakbone fever." For a week or more, a person with it can sustain a high fever of up to 105 degrees, a severe rash, joint pain and extreme discomfort. The most severe infections and complications can result in death.
There is no vaccine or treatment, and those with dengue have to wait it out.
Professor Michael Turelli
Born: 1950 in Brooklyn, N.Y. ("It's always easy for me to calculate my age," he says.)
Education: 1972 graduate of the University of California, Riverside, with a degree in mathematics; 1977 earned a doctorate in biomathematics from the University of Washington.
Career: Joined the University of Calfiornia, Davis, faculty in evolution and ecology in 1977.
Home life: He lives between Davis and Winters amid an arboretum with more than 500 trees with his wife and 9-year-old grandson, who accompany him when he visits collaborators in Australia and Austria. He makes olive oil, listens to chamber music, goes to art openings and does "the usual stuff that people do."


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April. 17, 1925 — Aug. 8, 2014
Wanda J. Knafel, 89, of Ligonier, passed away Aug. 8, 2014, in Albion. She was born April 17, 1925, to Cecil and Frances (Ozier) Phares. She married Gust D. Knafel, Jr. He preceded her in death in 1995.
She is survived by four sons, Stan (Darlene) Knafel of New Paris, Tim Knafel of Ligonier, Ted (Janet) Knafel of Columbia City and Floyd Knafel of Syracuse; seven grandchildren, 12 great-grandchildren, a brother, Wilton Phares of Albion and a sister, Dorothy Smith of Salem, Ore.
She was preceded in death by her husband and a brother, Marvin Phares, in 2012.
Wanda graduated from Wawaka High School in 1943. Early in adulthood, she was employed at Manley Popcorn in Kimmell and GE in Fort Wayne. She was a homemaker. She was a member of Ligonier Evangelical Church.
A time of visitation with the family will be Tuesday at Yeager Funeral Home from 4 to 8 p.m.
A funeral service in her honor will be Wednesday at 10 a.m. at Ligonier Evangelical Church. Pastor Troy Diersing will officiate. Burial will be in Sparta Cemetery in Kimmell.
Memorial contributions may be given to Ligonier Evangelical Church or Heartland Hospice.
Yeager Funeral Home is assisting the family with arrangements. Online condolences may be sent to the family at www.yeagerfuneralhome.com.


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sanctuary of junk.
there are some things you just can't rush. pops' buttermilk biscuits, sanding before the paint is dry, & constructing our junk headquarters. as junk conservationists, (that's right, we're not hoarders…we're junk conservationists…it's highly scientific. google it.) we consider it a duty of epic importance…it's our duty to build a preserve for wild junk. an amiable habitat in which all junk can coexist with one another … a habitat in which all junk can live harmoniously and symbiotically in peace.
the entrance to this wild habitat is finally complete.
a sacred entrance to our sanctuary of junk.
complete with texas harbor salvage tin for the ceiling, chippy peely beadboard salvaged from old farmhouses across the county, and a spanish 6′ in diameter chandelier we scored from richard hargrove at zapp hall. the doors were custom made….we spent hours designing the perfect entry doors…dad scoured the country and had these made from our sketch out of old reclaimed cypress.
heres the before shot…
and just last week, this pink sink arrived on the pony express straight from jersey.
reclaimed and re-loved.
and this little piece of heaven…
salvaged victorian ceiling tin from kwaku (featured in dierks bentley's episode), chippy peely beadboard that our friend matt hager salvaged from a farmhouse in carmine, texas, a beyond awesome glass-with-giant-crystals chandelier we scored years ago from hector the collector, and even awesome-er (yep, it's a word, google it) doors… (a moment of silence for these amazing doors with an even amazing-er story)… THE. DOORS. chippy peely PINK & white doors salvaged from an old man named HOOTIE (that's right, y'all…you can't make this stuff up) in asheville, nc. hootie had a long white beard and a creek running right through the middle of his shop. hootie's in heaven now and we thank our southern stars that our good friend, nita, bought these from him about 15 years ago…and then we bought them from her at zapp hall. unfortunately, we never knew him, but may the legend of hootie and his white beard be forever immortalized at our junk gypsy headquarters. our sanctuary of junk. and lest i forget, the CRAZY huge giant corbels from our friend matt white at recycling the past (who also hooked us up with the PINK sink).
more giant corbels…
because bigger is better when it comes to architectural salvage.
annnnd more fleamarket lighting…
greeting all who enter our sanctuary of junk. stay tuned y'all…there's waaaaay more junk making it's way to our gypsyville world headquarters! we hope to open sometime this summmmmmer!!!
"a rock pile ceases to be a rock pile the moment a single man contemplates it, bearing within him the image of a cathedral."
-antoine de saint exupery
May 30, 2012 84 Comments
GoD BLeSS buttermilk BiSCUitS..and the hands that make 'em.
HerE in the SouTH, certain things are held sacred…giving thanks, FriDAY night FootBALL gaMES, and homemade buttermilk biscuits cooked in the oldest cast-iron skillet you can imagine. DaD's been perfecting his bread recipes for as long as amie and i can remember…his mama was famous in all of southern ArKANSAS for her yeast-rise cinnamon rolls and he spent many an hour helping her knead, pat, and roll her dough. to him, bread is a science…an art…and believe you me, it is a DELiciouSLY beautiful art!
in honor of our first morning at our new-old cabin in the country, DaD whipped up some good ole fashioned BuTTERmiLK biscuits.
he first carefully & precisely measures the ingredients…GrANNY used to say it was against the law to measure…
Man may not be able to live by bread alone…but I can. I love bread. I can't get enough of it. give me bread or give me death.
and above all other bread, i LOVE dad's bread….sourdough, yeast-rise, homemade pizza dough, cinnamon rolls, buttermilk biscuits, and holy-moly-the-best-crispy-southern-style-cast-iron-skillet cornbread you've ever had in yer life.
and now the next to the best part…
dad treats his cast-iron cookware like fine china…seasons them with care and NevER, eVER washes 'em…they just get better with age.
you'll think you died and went to bread heaven.
and because we consider our BuTTERMiLK biscuits a spiritual kind of experience, we decided to honor them with a shirt…
and we figured it was only right to pass along this family recipe…but remember, perfect biscuits come from practice… and learning how the dough feels in your hands.we call it SOuL food because not only does this kind of food feed yer soul…but you gotta HAVE soul. YoU gotta FEEL the dough. and LeT IT feed YOUR SouL.
or for those that want to take a lil' shortcut….CLiCK HERE to whip up a quick batch in yo kitchen!!!
May 12, 2010 34 Comments


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Past Highlights
-Homecoming "Calling All Wolves" -Organized the annual WOU Relay for Life event with over 200 students
-Hosted Spirit Week, featuring performers like The Ballroom Thieves and magician Ben Seidman
-Invited comedian Sammy Obeid, comedic musicians Dakaboom, and star of The Office & various shows on Comedy Central Mike Winfield for the annual WOU Mania event
-Homecoming "Return of the Wolves"
-Raised $10,676 during the 3rd Annual WOU Relay For Life
-Brought Cedric & Carlos from Reno
-Responsible for WOU's Got Talent
-Spirit Week "Make Your Mark!"
-Comedy Tour
-Homecoming "Paint the Town Red!"
-Raised $7,000 during the 2nd Annual WOU Relay For Life
-Brought the band Quiet Drive to Homecoming
-Responsible for WOU's Got Talent
-Responsible for Spirit Week
-Responsible for Comedy Week
-Brought famous comedians like Frangela
Laser Tag co-sponsorship event with Akerman Hall for WOUstock 2014
Drumline getting folks ready for Homecoming 2014!
Student Activities Executive Board during the 2013 Holiday Tree Lighting event!
Ballroom Thieves at Spirit Week 2014 in The Grove.
Student Leadership and Activities 503-838-8261 | or e-mail: email@example.com
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Sara G.
San Jose, California
I am a client trainer for ADP but on my free time I enjoy working out and attending cardio classes. I am a certified personal trainer and I currently have a few clients that I work with on the side. My goal is to complete a mini triathlon and a 5k and 10k in the upcoming year.


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Rec Soccer
Division III Recreational Soccer
Games will begin in November and continue until late March with a break for the winter holiday season around mid December for the following age groups U5, U6, U7, U8, U10, U12 & U14. The U16 & U19 age groups will not form until after New Years because of high school soccer season conflicts. In-person registration for recreational soccer and academy skills training is held about August every year. For more information on DIII (recreational soccer), please contact SMSC Vice-President Steve Huckabee at (228) 760-0616 or email@example.com or visit the other pages located on this website.
Registration Form
Age Group Matrix Chart
Game Schedules
Coach Contact Information
Team Sponsorship Form
For additional information please access the Division menu button above and go to the Division III drop down menu and select your choice.


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Hotels in 08095 - Winslow NJ
Only hotels in 08095 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Winslow, NJ for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 08095 hotels and motels so you can review the Winslow hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Camden county and area code 856 are also listed.
08095 Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
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torre-eiffel 2
"aha! funny." --penis, 05/27/06
"Beein' french I'd ask only one think : don't miss the presidential palace, please someone get us read of this Jaques 'dumbass' Chirac. Or we'll test some more nuclear weapons ;-)" --frog bloke, 08/02/06
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Pig Slop Studios - Best Venue to Die in the Past 12 Months
Pig Slop was not just some dude's basement. First of all, it was more like an attic, but that's not the important point.
Selected Best Of® St. Louis 2012 music winners. For the full Best Of® rundown, hop over to riverfronttimes.com/bestof.
Published on September 26, 2012


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Who Uses Food Stamps? It Could Be Your Family Someday
Friday, November 1st, 2013
Today, just in time for the upcoming holidays, millions of parents are going to find themselves having to find a way to feed their kids on less than the little they already had. You've probably read the news yourself: Substantial cuts to the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP), better known as food stamps, go into effect today.
Whatever impression you may have of food stamps and those who use them, think about this statistic: One in seven Americans currently uses food stamps. Most of those affected are seniors, people with disabilities—and families with children. As Parents reported in our story "The Hunger Crisis," one in four American kids live in households that are "food insecure," meaning on any given day, there's uncertainty that there will be enough food to go around.
Critics of food stamps are quick to point out that they can be used to buy "fancy" food items. Take this quote that went viral on Facebook:
Food stamps cover lobster, filet mignon, ribeye, caviar, and other luxury foods for free….
Meanwhile, the middle class is suffering.
"Share" this if you think that is wrong.
Here's a reality check: The average SNAP recipient gets $4.50 in benefits per day. I don't know about where you live, but $4.50 a day doesn't buy a lot of caviar near me. And if I'm working with a $4.50 budget per child, chances are I'm not buying "luxury foods," or lattes at Starbucks. The truth is millions of families are already making very difficult compromises to barely get by, even before today's cuts, or we wouldn't be reading headlines like this one: "Parents Who Can't Afford Diapers Are Reusing Dirty Ones." (If you were wondering, food stamps don't cover those.)
Who uses food stamps? My family did. When I was a child, my schoolteacher father got sick, lost his job, and our family's financial situation quickly nosedived. So for awhile, my mother pulled food stamps out of her wallet at the supermarket checkout line, a necessary and helpful solution, one that nonetheless brought her great shame. The few times I've mentioned my childhood experience with food stamps, I've always learned about someone else I personally know who also relied on food stamps at one time or another. The friend getting through the financial fallout from her divorce. The professional couple who unexpectedly found themselves out of work for months. Food stamps are a part of more lives than many might think. (And I like to believe that many who hit the "share" button on posts like the viral message above don't have all the facts, rather than that they're completely lacking compassion. After all, someone on their own friends list has probably used food stamps, too.) Statistics show that roughly half of all U.S. children go on food stamps sometime during their childhood, and half of all adults are on them sometime between the ages of 18 and 65.
Food stamps are a good program. They've helped keep millions of Americans from hunger. So before focusing on abuses of the system, let's keep in mind the people who will be fighting even harder to eat, and commend those—anyone—who does something to make a difference, rather than criticize people who are already feeling shaky and vulnerable. Last year, I attended a holiday party where in lieu of gifts, every guest brought a donation to the local food pantry, for instance.
Such gestures may make only a minor dent in struggling people's lives. But a little kindness, at least, seems like a good place to start.
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Tags: childhood hunger, food stamps, hunger, poverty, SNAP | Categories: The Parents Perspective


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3 Spires Shopping Parade, Deringwood Drive, Downswood, ME15 8XW
Order online from:
Been there? Share your experience.
Your review will help your friends and others to learn more about this takeaway.
Food delivered in following postcodes in or around Downswood: ME14, ME16, ME17
Kebab, Pizza, Fish and chips
Opening Hours:
Food Hygiene Rating: Last inspection date: 17 Jan 2014 (more than 6 moths ago). Score: 5 "VERY GOOD". View on food.gov.uk
Also known as:
Babos Grill Ltd
Is this your


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Courses: Intro Bio I:Molecules to Cells (BIOLB101A)
Fall 2011
Class Number: 3010
For post-baccalaureate premedical students only. A comprehensive examination of topics in Mendelian and molecular genetics, development and evolution. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours a week.
Div: IIL Haverford: Natural Science (NA)
Fulfills: Class Nbr: 3010 Div: IIL ; NA
Bryn Mawr, PK20
Meeting Times
T 9:45am-12:45pm


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Hold down Control (PC) or Command (Mac) key + mouseclick to select more than one option
|Avg. Dinner Entrée
|Greater than $25
|$18.01 - $25
|$12.01 - $18
|$7.01 - $12
|Less than $7
Posted by Me on 01/03/2015
This place is fantastic. The food is so tasty and it's amply portioned, reasonably priced, promptly delivered... It's a neighborhood gem and a trusted go-to. We love this place and the staff, and order from here regularly.
Posted by bb on 06/20/2012
I lived in the middle east. This is authentic in the poorest way. If you go to the wrong place you're afraid to eat the meat and the only thing edible is the bread and the hummus. This was the case with Black Iris. The lamb wasn't grilled, more like fried, tasted gamey, as lamb can, and also like fish, which lamb shouldn't. The chicken? Same story -- fishy, oh and also undercooked. the bread is great. the hummus? no flavor at all.
Posted by zingzing on 03/21/2012
The zataar bread is amazing - perfect amount of zataar and crunchiness. YUM! Very friendly servers and an overall good vibe.
Posted by OYO on 01/22/2012
The food is good, the prices are good and the staff are very easy going. I couldn't finish all my food. The portions are big.
Posted by Sapphire on 07/16/2011
Great food!
Posted by seasonal on 12/07/2010
I've been going there for years - still don't understand why it's never busier. It's one of the best deals in this neighborhood for sure. The food is consistently good enough if you know what I mean. I have never been disappointed (and will never be wowed, but for $10 for dinner, don't expect to be). Love the spinach and chickpeas.
Posted by Anonymous on 10/19/2010
we tried a few times. Food is below average. Too much sumac. Faol is poor. Hummus not very tasty. Chicken Keebob very good as is Falafael. Just not really any wow. ok in a pinch...


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South Point woman, 25, sentenced in meth case
IRONTON -- A South Point area woman was sentenced to five years in prison Thursday in a meth case, said Lawrence County Prosecuting Attorney Brigham Anderson.
Jessica Robinson, 25, of Lawrence Village Apartments, South Point, pleaded guilty to complicity to the manufacture of meth in her apartment. Lawrence County Common Pleas Judge Charles "Chuck" Cooper sentenced her to five years in prison.
A co-defendant, Elvis Adkins, 25, of the 500 block of Marion Pike, Coal Grove, decided earlier this month to take his case to trial. He was convicted last week of complicity to the manufacture of meth.
Cooper sentenced him Wednesday to seven years in prison. Adkins also was fined $7,500 and had his driver's license suspended for three years, Anderson said.
The maximum sentence in the case was eight years, Anderson said. Adkins got close to the maximum because he had a prior felony record and he was making meth in an apartment complex, an inherently dangerous action, Anderson said.
Five people were arrested July 20 by sheriff's deputies and Lawrence Drug Task Force members.
Patrick Kelley, 36, and his wife, Ashley Kelley, 21, both of the 2200 block of Barbecue Road, Ashland, pleaded guilty to manufacturing meth and complicity to manufacturing meth and were sentenced earlier to four years in prison, according to Anderson.
A fifth co-defendant, Cora B. Harmon, 22, of Carl Perkins Drive, Ashland, faces a charge of complicity to manufacturing meth.
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Develop in the Cloud for Mobile Field Teams
Fri, 06/25/2010 - 10:11am
Develop, deliver, and deploy mobile applications for sales, service, and maintenance staff to rapidly improve productivity and take advantage of every revenue-generating opportunity. Help mobile teams access real-time business intelligence so they can focus on their customers, not their CRM app or connectivity. Learn about advances in mobile technology plus with the best apps from the Motorola Cloud that increase mobile productivity.
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"The Big-Flavor Grill: No-Marinade, No-Hassle Recipes for Delicious Steaks, Chicken, Ribs, Chops, Vegetables, Shrimp, and Fish." The grilling expert duo ("Grill It!," "The Thrill of the Grill," Let the Flames Begin," "Barbecue: Recipes, Techniques, Tools") of Chris Schlesinger (winner James Beard Award for Best Chef Northeast) and John Willoughby (executive editor of Cook's Illustrated) takes a new direction in their latest grilling tome. "We long ago adopted spice rubs in place of marinades," they write, explaining that rubs go on right before grilling and result in stronger flavors.
They pair rubs with "razzle-dazzles," simple ingredient combos tossed together with or drizzled over the hot grilled item. These change the complete character of the finished dish, with Thai basil, ginger and lemongrass adding an Asian attitude, for example, and as cilantro, chiles, cumin and lime juice do in the Grilled Shrimp Tacos recipe below. One caveat: while every recipe includes a razzle-dazzle, not many include rubs. But as Julia Child demonstrated when she dropped hot diced potatoes into a scallion-enhanced vinaigrette, the concept works. Ten Speed Press. $25.
Reach Marion Sullivan at email@example.com.
Grilled Shrimp Tacos With Avocado and Grilled Pineapple
Serves 8 as an appetizer, 4 as an entree
1 cup shredded cabbage
2 avocados, diced medium
1/4 cup plus 3 tablespoons olive oil, divided
1/2 cup roughly chopped fresh cilantro leaves
1 to 2 tablespoons chopped fresh chiles of your choice
1 tablespoon ground cumin
1/3 cup fresh lime juice (from 2 or 3 limes)
1 dozen 6-inch corn tortillas
3 (1-inch-thick) slices fresh pineapple, peeled and cored
2 pounds large shrimp (16/20 per pound) peeled and deveined, tails left on
Kosher salt and freshly cracked black pepper to taste
Build a two-level fire in your grill, which means you put all the coals on one side of the grill and leave the other side free of coals. When the flames have died down, all the coals are covered with gray ash, and the temperature is medium-hot (you can hold your hand 6 inches above the grill for 3 to 4 seconds), you're ready to cook.
While the fire is heating, combine the cabbage, avocados, quarter cup of olive oil, cilantro, chiles, and lime juice in a large bowl.
Grill the tortillas for just 30 seconds per side to heat, then put them aside. Grill the pineapple until golden, 4 to 5 minutes per side. When the pineapple comes off the grill, cut it into medium dice and put into the large bowl with the cabbage mixture.
Thread the shrimp onto skewers, about 6 per skewer. Drizzle the shrimp with the olive oil and sprinkle them generously with the salt and pepper, then place them on the grill directly over the coals and cook until slightly charred and golden brown, about 3 to 4 minutes per side. To check for doneness, cut into one of the shrimp at its thickest point and peek inside to be sure it is opaque throughout.
When the shrimp come off the grill, slide them off the skewers into the bowl with the cabbage mixture and toss like crazy. Season to taste and serve with the grilled tortillas. Serve hot.
Adapted from "The Big-Flavor Grill: No-Marinade, No-Hassle Recipes for Delicious Steaks, Chicken, Ribs, Chops, Vegetables, Shrimp, and Fish."
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Ronnie McDowell and Billy Joe Royal in Concert
August 22, 2014
Event By: Sevierville Chamber of Commerce Address: 129 Showplace Blvd. Pigeon Forge, TN 37863 Phone: (865) 453-2003
On August 22, 2014 Ronnie McDowell and Billy Joe Royal will be performing at the Country Tonite Theater. For more information call (865) 453-2003 or visit www.firstclassconcerts.com.
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City: Pigeon Forge, TN
City: Pigeon Forge, TN
Region: East Tennessee
Subregion: Smoky Mountains


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Education 240. Multiple Perspectives on Literacy
Through a shifting focus on theory and practice, students conceptualize and reconceptualize the roles of teacher and learner using, as their lens, students' literacy development. Sociocultural contexts and the intersection of home, community, and school form the foundation of this field-based course. Students explore critical literacy and discourse theories, the importance of educators' cultural competence, issues of social justice, exclusion, inclusion, race identity, and school wounds as they impact learning, and reader response and what it means to bring a mindful stance to one's literate endeavors. Mindfulness, or cultivation of present, nonjudgmental awareness, is central to the course, and students read about, practice and explore ways to teach mindfulness.


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Leonard, 21, has made 70 league appearance for the Shrimpers since joining the League Two side from Plymouth Argyle in 2011.
Upon signing the three-and-a-half year contract, Leonard told the club's official website: "I'm delighted to have signed a new contract because I've really enjoyed my time with Southend."
Leonard moved to the club as a right-back but has since become a holding midfield player and has thrived in his new position.
He added: "I've had the best season of my career so far and have managed to keep my place in the starting line-up in a position I only really moved to under the new manager in the summer.
"I want to continue my development and I feel that Southend United is the perfect place for me to do that."
United boss Phil Brown was delighted to secure Leonard's signature. He said: "Ryan has been a big player for us this season and has gone from a right-back when he signed to an important figure in the middle of midfield.
"He's got a big future in the game and I'm delighted that he's going to be staying with us for the future."


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The Ursuline College Adult Program (UCAP) holds a variety of information sessions to fit your needs. If you are unable to attend any of our events but would like to learn more about the program, please call our office at 440 684 6130 or fill out our online inquiry form.Not a Number Night
Ursuline College Not a Number Night events offer attendees the opportunity to meet with an admission's counselor, apply online (application fees will be waived) or take a campus tour. Our financial aid counselors will be available to answer questions about the FAFSA and other topics regarding financing your education at Ursuline. The event is structured so that you can get the personal attention you deserve during your college search. Dinner and child care will be provided!
Click on the date you would like to attend:


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by Written by Mike Calahan From Forces of Geek
When Rod Serling entered a Los Angeles party in 1959, a young writer named Charles Beaumont approached him and said that Serling's most recent teleplay, The Velvet Alley, about a Hollywood writer who lets success get in the way of his better judgment, "…was the worst piece of writing I've ever seen."
Serling responded with a smile, but made note of Beaumont's brazen honesty.
A writer of fantasy and science fiction, Beaumont's early life was just as odd as the fiction would later become known for.
He was born Charles Nutt on January 2, 1929 in Chicago, Illinois. Suffering from a severe case of meningitis, Beaumont was forced to rely on his imagination and tales of science fiction as a way to deal with his isolation. An abusive mother oversaw much of his childhood; a woman who frequently dressed him in girls' clothes and who once killed one of her son's pets as punishment.
At the age of twelve, he moved to Everett, Washington to be raised by four aunts, women whose idea of fun was to fake their own deaths in order to see the boy's reaction. It is no wonder Beaumont's sense of humor would forever run toward the macabre.
Arriving in Los Angeles, Beaumont worked every kind of job imaginable before selling his first story in 1950. In 1955, Playboypublished his controversial story called The Crooked Man, which took place in a dystopia where heterosexuality was stigmatized in the same way homosexuality was in the 1950's.
Rod Serling had been contracted to write 80% of all Twilight Zone episodes, but wanted to open up the remaining 20%.
Producer Buck Houghton arranged a screening of the pilot episode for Twilight Zone for professional writers of science fiction and fantasy in hopes of acquiring some quality talent for the show. Beaumont loved the pilot. He began pitching idea after idea to both Serling and Houghton, many of which were his own already published stories.
Hiring him on a freelance basis, Serling felt that Beaumont's Velvet Alley comment had helped set the foundation for their relationship, both professional and personal, as one of honesty and professional respect from one writer to another.
for the rest go here:


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Indie music artist and producer from the east coast living now in Southern California, US. Learn more about him on his Facebook artist page: http://www.facebook.com/home.php#!/pages/Kellen-Malloy/416699235106
Read more about Kellen Malloy on Last.fm.
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