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by Mike Breen
05.06.2015 85 days ago
Posted In:
Live Music
Music News
at 11:49 AM |
Rescheduled "Tunes & Blooms" Concerts Begin Tonight
Cincinnati Zoo reschedules three concerts after rain caused cancellations in April
Every April, the Cincinnati Zoo presents an every-Thursday concert series called "Tunes & Blooms," which showcases some of the finest local bands in Greater Cincinnati (as well as the Zoo's Botanical Garden in full bloom). But for this year's series, Mother Nature had different plans, as April showers brought cancelled concerts on April 2, 9 and 16. The free concerts have been rescheduled and begin this evening (Wednesday) with local Folk/Americana favorites Hickory Robot and The Tillers. The next rescheduled date is tomorrow (Thursday) and features another pair of Folk dynamos — Jake Speed and the Freddies and Shiny and the Spoon. The final rescheduled show takes place May 13 with the fantastic Buffalo Wabs & the Price Hill Hustle and Honey & Houston. The music begins at 6 p.m. all three evenings and runs until 8:30 p.m. There is no admission charge to get into the zoo after 5 p.m. (there is a $9 fee is you'd like to park in the zoo's parking lot). Click here for more info.
Spill It
Buffalo Killer Goes Truly Solo on New LP
Plus, new release news about Bad Veins, Ronnie Verl & the Wallbangers and Sean Geil
Mike Breen
0 Comments · Wednesday, March 11, 2015
Buffalo Killers' Andy Gabbard gets set to release his debut solo effort, Fluff. Plus, Bad Veins remake their second album as The Mess Remade (releasing next week), Ronnie Verl & the Wallbangers celebrate their new album, Mostly Drinking Songs, and The Tillers' Sean Geil is on schedule to release four albums this month.
Sound Advice
Pokey LaFarge with Dom Flemons, The Tillers and more
Tuesday • Miami University Middletown's Dave Finkelman Auditorium
Derek Halsey
0 Comments · Wednesday, September 10, 2014
What is cool about LaFarge is that if he were alive and playing music in 1936, he would be just as successful as he is now.
by Mike Breen
Posted In:
Live Music
Local Music
at 09:39 AM |
Locals Buckle Up for Buckle Up Music Fest
Inaugural Country/Roots/Americana fest spotlights numerous Greater Cincinnati talents
Just like at last weekend's Bunbury Music Festival, this weekend's inaugural Country/Folk/Americana-centric Buckle Up Music Festival (founded by the creators of Bunbury) will feature several great Cincinnati area artists. Fans planning to attend the fest (running today through Sunday at Sawyer Point/Yeatman's Cove on the riverfront) should definitely makes time to check out some of the locals — collectively they are proof that Greater Cincinnati's Roots scene remains one of the strongest in the region. (Click on each performer's name for more info and song samples and click here for a map with stage locations.)Greater Cincinnati acts performing at Buckle Up on Friday include The Dan Varner Band (2 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), Andrew Hibbard (2:45 p.m.; Acoustic Stage), Lonesome Jared & the Heart Attacks (2:45 p.m.; Lawn Stage), Jamison Road (4:15 p.m.; Acoustic Stage), Messerly and Ewing (5:45 p.m.; Acoustic Stage), Jeremy Pinnell and the 55's (6:30 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage) and Pistol Holler (8 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage).Send Newsletters to your fans from ReverbNation.comOn Saturday, catch local Buckle Up performers Wild Carrot (2:45 p.m.; Acoustic Stage), Shiny and the Spoon (2:45 p.m.; Lawn Stage), Kentucky Timbre (3:30 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), Buffalo Wabs & the Price Hill Hustle (5 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), Arlo McKinley & the Lonesome Sound (5:45 p.m.; Lawn Stage) and The Tillers (8 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), who recently had their amazing new music video for the track "Willy Dear" world-premiered on the site for American Songwriter Magazine.Sunday's Buckle Up lineup features area performers Honey & Houston (2 p.m.; Lawn Stage), Alone at 3AM frontman Max Fender (2 p.m.; Acoustic Stage), The Kentucky Struts (2:45 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), JetSet GetSet (3:30 p.m.; Lawn Stage), Straw Boss (4:15 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage), Mark Utley and Bulletville (5 p.m.; Lawn Stage), Bobby Mackey (5:45 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage) and Noah Smith (7:15 p.m.; Amphitheater Stage).For the full Buckle Up lineup, ticket information and more, visit buckleupfestival.com. And check out our interview with founder Bill Donabedian about Buckle Up and last weekend's Bunbury fest here and Brian Baker's Top 10 "must-sees" here.
by Mike Breen
Posted In:
Live Music
Local Music
at 09:49 AM |
Last Day for Cincinnati Entertainment Awards Voting
Plus, The Tillers plan tribute to their late bassist at the Jan. 26 CEA ceremony
Voting for the 17th annual Cincinnati Entertainment Awards, celebrating the best of the Greater Cincinnati music scene, ends TONIGHT at midnight. Click here to cast your ballot for your favorite nominated local artists. The CEA ceremony is set for Sunday, Jan. 26, at Covington's Madison Theater. The show/party will feature performances from CEA-nominated artists Honey & Houston, Moonbow, The Yugos, The Upset Victory, Valley High, The Almighty Get Down and DAAP Girls, as well as a secret opening performance by an entity known (as of now) only as Saint Ain't Mangled Angels (those who read CityBeat regularly will likely be able decipher the thinly-veiled pseudonym).Also added to the run of show for the CEA event is a special performance by Cincinnati Folk trio The Tillers, who released their fantastic Hand on the Plow album and toured the U.K. with Pokey LaFarge in 2013. The group, nominated for CEAs in the Folk/Americana, Album of the Year and Artist of the Year categories, will be paying tribute to their former bassist Jason Soudrette, who lost his battle with acute myeloid leukemia late last year. Click here to purchase advanced tickets to the 2014 Cincinnati Entertainment Awards. Proceeds benefit the Cincinnati USA Music Heritage Foundation.
by Mike Breen
Posted In:
Live Music
Local Music
Music Video
at 11:38 AM |
Music Tonight: Escondido, Dopapod and More
• Nashville's Escondido came together quickly but very naturally. The project of Jessica Maros and Tyler James (a solo artist who has also toured as pianist for Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros) got its start in James' home studio when he was recording an artist with whom both were friends. During a recording break, Maros, a Vancouver native and successful clothing/jewelry designer, was casually playing a song in the studio, James hit "record," added some light ornamentation and, essentially, Escondido was born. That night, the two decided to make an album. Fittingly, the album — Esondido's debut, titled The Ghost of Escondido — was recorded live in just one day with a handful of talented Nashville friends/musicians, even though it sounds incredibly cohesive, full-bodied and organic. The making of the full-length, released at the start of this year, was driven by the spirit of Ennio Morricone, the legendary spaghetti western soundtrack genius, and that desert-sunset atmosphere meshes beautifully with the band's mix of Indie Rock, Pop and Country. The end result is mesmerizing, a hazy, dreamy collection of haunted, mysterious soundscapery and spine-tingling harmonies and vocals, making the band reminiscent of a slightly twangier, more dynamic and grounded Mazzy Star. Along with garnering a wide-range of supporters, from the tastemakers at KCRW to the writers at Vogue, The Ghost of Escondido also made a fan out of eccentric filmmaker/artist/writer/musician David Lynch, who wrote about his love for the band in Mojo magazine. Here's the music video for Escondido's "Black Roses." The duo (fleshed out by a full touring band) performs a free show tonight at MOTR Pub in Over-the-Rhine. New York City's Indie Pop/Garage Rock group Unicycle Loves You opens the show at 10 p.m. • Tonight at Covington's Madison Theater is a good chance to hear what a "Jam Band" sounds like in 2013, as several groups join forces for an all-ages, 8 p.m. show. Or, rather, you'll hear how almost no two "Jam Bands" sound alike anymore, making the Grateful Dead-mimicking cliches about the scene completely outdated. Today, the "Jam" tag has less real meaning than ever, with the groups earning the descriptor exploring a huge range of styles. Jam Bands now often share little more than a tendency to improvise. Headliners Dopapod epitomize the diversity of the modern Jam scene with their progressive blend of Electronic music, Jazz, Rock, Soul, Funk and various other styles. The Brooklyn, N.Y., group released its third studio album, Redivider, late last year, introducing fans to a Dopapod first — vocals (previously, the band was all instrumental). Read Brian Baker's preview of the show for CityBeat here. The support lineup for Dopapod is a varied collection of mostly local bands that reflect the same kind of sonic adventurousness as the headliners, though, of course, each bringing their own slant — Ethosine, Nevele, Us Today, Freeform Connection, Peridoni, Aliver Hall and Blue Moon Soup. Tickets are $15 at the door. • Though they never reaped the full rewards and commercial success that some bands that came after them did, Michigan's Mustard Plug was one of the early guiding forces behind the '90s Punk Ska explosion. The band put out its first album, Skapocalypse Now!, on cassette in 1992 and moved up to third-wave Ska's version of 2 Tone Records, NYC's Moon Records, for its second full-length, kicking off two decades of hardcore international touring. Mustard Plug later joined the roster of Hopeless Records, which would go on to become one of the top independent Punk labels in the country. While the vast majority of Ska Punk bands from the '90s either moved on to another style of music or imploded after the "craze" died down, Mustard Plug continues to write new songs, put out new music and tour on a regular basis, its loyal cult of fans proving that, while you won't hear it on the radio anymore, there is still an audience hungry for Ska Punk done well. Mustard Plug has been operating D.I.Y. since parting ways with Hopeless; a new album (the band's first since 2007's In Black and White) is reportedly finished and due soon thanks to a successful Kickstarter campaign. Mustard Plug plays a free show tonight at Northside Tavern. Opening is Cincinnati's Elysian Souls. • October is coming to an end, which means Rocktober is also almost over and Rocktober on the Square, a new every-Friday concert series at downtown's Fountain Square, is winding down as well. Today at 5 p.m., the final Rocktober on the Square show starts with a set from great, rootsy singer/songwriter Josh Eagle. In the 6 p.m. slot is singer/songwriter Mike Oberst of popular Cincy Folk group The Tillers, who are heading overseas for their first ever U.K. tour, playing Nov. 1-16 throughout England, Scotland and Ireland as support for Pokey LaFarge. The always fantastic 500 Miles to Memphis closes out Rocktober at 7 p.m. It's the rowdy, rootsy rockers' last local show of the year; the 500MTM fellas are taking a break from performing to go back into the studio to finish their next album. Rocktober on the Square is a free event. Click here for more info. </iframe

• Don't forget — the One More Girl on a Stage benefit concerts continue today after last night's kickoff at various venues in Over-the-Rhine. The OMG fest takes over the Southgate House Revival in Newport for a "whole house" show tonight. Here are complete details.

Click here for even more live music options tonight in Greater Cincinnati.
• Don't forget — the One More Girl on a Stage benefit concerts continue today after last night's kickoff at various venues in Over-the-Rhine. The OMG fest takes over the Southgate House Revival in Newport for a "whole house" show tonight starting at 7 p.m. Go here for complete details.Click here for even more live music options in Greater Cincinnati tonight.
Built to Last
Blues/Rock/Soul ensemble Tedeschi Trucks Band headlines the inaugural Ohio River Throwdown
Derek Halsey
0 Comments · Wednesday, September 11, 2013
Blues/Rock/Soul ensemble Tedeschi Trucks Band, fresh off of their chart-busting album release, Made Up Mind, headlines the inaugural Ohio River Throwdown, alongside Los Lobos, JJ Grey & Mofro, JC Brooks and the Uptown Sound and many other American Roots music all-stars.
Spill It
The Tillers Plow Forward on Fifth LP Release
Mike Breen
0 Comments · Wednesday, July 3, 2013
Folk trio The Tillers, one of the more popular and respected original groups in Greater Cincinnati, will release their new album this Friday at Newport's Southgate House Revival, in the venue's Sanctuary performance space.
by Mike Breen
Posted In:
Live Music
Local Music
at 02:07 PM |
Music at Saturday's OTR Summer Celebration
Washington Park set to come alive with art, live music and a 5K run
Tomorrow (Saturday) is the seventh annual OTR (that's "Over-the-Rhine," if you don't get the hip lingo) 5K Run and Summer Celebration, featuring a fine art show, food, drink and other vendors, the 5K Run and a strong lineup of local, original music in OTR's Washington Park. The festivities kick off with the 10 a.m. OTR 5K, which begins and ends at Washington Park this year. Here are the artists — including several Cincinnati Entertainment Awards nominees and winners — you can check out (on the park's Bandstand and Main Event Lawn Stage) this year. (Click each name for more info on the performer.)• The Cincy Brass (Event Lawn Stage 10:15am-11:30am)• Baoku & the Image Afro-Beat Band (Event Lawn Stage 12:00pm-12:45pm)• DAAP Girls (Event Lawn Stage 1:15pm-2:00pm)• Decker, the solo guise of Histoire singer Jane Smith. (Event Lawn Stage 2:30pm-3:15pm)• The Tillers (Bandstand 11:30am-12:15pm)• Mia Carruthers (Bandstand 12:45pm-1:30pm)There will also be the following "special appearances":Young Professionals Choral Collective (Bandstand 10:45am-11:15am)Cincinnati Opera (Bandstand 2:00pm-2:20pm)Queen City Brass Band (Bandstand 2:45pm-3:30pm) Click here for more info.
by mbreen
Posted In:
Live Music
Music Video
Local Music
Free Download
at 02:15 PM |
Music Tonight: Earth, Iris Dement and More
• Instrumental Avant Metal veterans Earth bring their adventurous, spontaneous Dronecore to downtown tonight for a hypnosis session at the Ballroom at the Taft Theatre. Showtime is 8:30 pm. Stebmo, Earth collaborator and progressive Jazz pianist/multi-instrumentalist/composer Steve Moore, and psychedelic, noisy Doom duo Eagle Twin open the show. Tickets are $15.Guitarist Dylan Carlson gave birth to Earth in Olympia, Wash., circa 1990, and remains the only original member in a band that has seen numerous lineup and stylistic shifts. The group put a pair of albums out on Sub Pop during the "Grunge Revolution" (which they had little in common with), got booted from the label briefly and then welcomed back for three more albums. While Earth's aggressively experimental sound didn't quite fit the Grunge buzz, the group actually used the genre's concept of "slowed down Hard Rock and Metal" and took it to the extreme, decelerating even more and replacing Grunge's Punk and Garage influence with inspiration from avant grade composers and musicians and Carlson's singular vision.Earth didn't survive the '90s but returned in the early '00s to start a run that has included several releases for Southern Lord Records, a haven for "Metal" artists on the more experimental side of the music. Earth's latest release is the improvised Angels of Darkness, Demons of Light II, the follow-up to part I (and actually recorded at the same time) which has been praised for its gradual, natural exploration of different tones and approaches. Earth's trippy, glacial sound on Demons of Light II is infused with evocative cello and smoky atmospherics and often sounds like a new slant on modern Jazz, something Mingus might have come up with had he been into Black Sabbath. Here's Demons II track "The Corascene Dog":• Acclaimed by both fellow artists, critics and her dedicated fan base, Iris Dement has been one of the more compelling singers in the Americana movement since she put out her first album in 1992; her mesmerizing voice has a timeless soul that recalls the best early Country female vocalists. Dement's sound has evolved and taken detours over time. After two straight-forward Country/Folk Pop LPs, the 1996 album The Way I Should showcased a Rock vibe and some serious political commentary. She followed that up by collaborating with John Prine on his In Spite of Ourselves album, which scored her a Grammy nomination, but Dement took a break from music after that. In 2004, Dement returned with her first album in eight years, Lifeline, released on her own label after her Warner Brothers contract expired. But Lifeline was primarily a collection of centuries'-old Gospel covers. This year, Dement released Sing the Delta, her first album of new material in 16 years. The songs harken back to that purity of her first couple of albums, but also shows how Dement has matured as a composer and performing. She writes with more confidence and has become an even better lyricist, creating an album that is mournful, poignant and poetic. Dement performs tonight at the 20th Century Theatre in Oakley with The Tillers, one of Cincy's finest Folk acts who are coming off of a successful release party for their recent live album. Showtime is 8 p.m. and tickets are $25-$30. Here's DeMent's "Go On Ahead and Go Home" from Delta. • Milwaukee-based Psych rockers Moss Folk perform a free show tonight at MOTR Pub in Over-the-Rhine with like-minded locals Children of the Emerald Fire. Showtime is 10 p.m. Formed in Michigan in the mid-'00s by founder Andrew James Shelp, Moss Folk entrancingly collages influences into a sound that draws from a wide range of music that could fall into the "Psychedelic" category. You'll hear elements of Kraut Rock, Pink Floyd, World music, Tangerine Dream and Spacemen 3 mingling in Moss Folk's ambient, hypnotic melange and the band has been known to match the lysergic sonics with fitting visuals (from video projections to cameos by various non-musical performing artists). Here's a live clip of Moss Folk: moss folk - red from brownshoesonly on Vimeo.• Tennessee ElectroJam/Livetronica trio Arpetrio performs tonight at The Mad Frog in Corryville. The show starts at 9 p.m. with locals Don't Fear the Satellites. Admission is $5. Bringing their Rock and Jazz chops together with a creative technological prowess, guitarist/keyboardist Alex Mindermann, bassist Trent Little and drummer Wes Taylor have performed with the likes of EOTO, Papadosio and RJD2, as well as at numerous Jam fests across the country. The group's fluid sound and deft use of loops, synths and samplers puts them on par with some of the bigger artists making this kind of warm, spontaneous, beat-heavy Trance/Fusion (Sound Tribe Sector 9, The Werks, Big Gigantic, etc.). Click below to sample the group's 2012 release Triggology, then click here to download your very own copy for free. Triggology by ArpetrioClick here for even more live music events tonight in Greater Cincinnati.
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text:
Hot Sheet: Phillippe, Robyn
BY Advocate.com Editors
May 21 2010 3:10 PM ET
The Amazing Truth About Queen Raquela — A street-smart Filipina transsexual prostitute (the riveting Raquela Rios) tries to adjust to life in Iceland and find her true love in this often-engaging documentary-fiction hybrid from Icelandic filmmaker Olaf de Fleur Johannesson.
And Then Came Lola — In this time-bending lesbian riff on Tom Tykwer's Run Lola Run, Lola (Ashleigh Sumner) must dash through the streets of San Francisco to deliver a set of photos to her new girlfriend (Jill Bennett) and she has three chances to make it right
Valentine's Day — A star-studded cast that includes Julia Roberts, Anne Hathaway, and Taylor Lautner couldn't save director Garry Marshall's latest rom-com about a variety of Los Angeles-based and romantically challenged couples from being labeled the date movie from hell. This pastiche plays like a sappy, watered-down version of the not great but infinitely superior Love Actually and in an effort to reach as broad a demographic as possible tosses a bone to gay audiences with the Bradley Cooper-Eric Dane story line.

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
Disclosed is a multi-phase power regulator that accurately senses current at a load in a lossless manner and adjusts the power supplied to the load based on the sensed current. Also disclosed is a method of calibrating a multiphase voltage regulator by applying a known calibration current at the load and determining actual current values by the difference in measured values between when the known calibration current is applied and when it is not applied. The accurate current is determined at a known temperature and accurate temperature compensation is provided by a non-linear digital technique. Each phase of the multi-phase power regulator is individually calibrated so that balanced channels provide accurate power to the load. Also disclosed is a calibration method with minimal noise generation.
1. In a closed loop system, a method of calibrating a digital multiphase voltage regulator having a discrete output at each output phase for providing regulated power to a load, comprising the steps of:
providing a low side field effect transistor and a high side field effect transistor connected in series and having a common node at each output phase;
coupling an inductor between each output phase and the load; placing the load in a quiescent state such that it draws only leakage current; coupling a calibration current source to the load;
obtaining a first voltage measurement by measuring the voltage across the low side field effect transistor with the calibration current source in a first state;
storing the first voltage measurement;
obtaining a second voltage measurement by measuring the voltage across the low side field effect transistor with the calibration current source in a second state;
storing the second voltage measurement; and
determining an on resistance of the low side field effect transistor by comparing the first and second voltages.
2. A method as in
measuring a temperature of the low side field effect transistor.
3. A method as in
4. A method as in
utilizing most significant bits to define a plurality of approximately linear portions of the change in element resistance as a function of temperature;
utilizing less significant bits to define the change in element resistance as a function of temperature within each of the plurality of approximately linear portions.
5. A method as in
accessing a look up table to identify the actual element resistance at the measured temperature.
6. A method of calibrating a digital multiphase voltage regulator having a discrete output at each output phase for providing regulated power to a load, comprising the steps of:
providing a low side field effect transistor and a high side field effect transistor connected in series and having a common node, at each output phase;
coupling an inductor between each output phase and the load;
placing the load in a quiescent state such that it draws only leakage current;
coupling a calibration current source to the load;
obtaining a first voltage measurement at each phase with the current source in a first state;
storing the voltage obtained by said first voltage measurement;
obtaining a second voltage measurement at each phase by measuring the voltage with the current source in a second state; and
storing the voltage obtained by said second voltage measurement.
7. A method as in
8. A method as in
9. A method as in
10. A method as in
11. A method as in
12. A method as in
13. A method of calibrating a multi-phase voltage regulator with a calibration current source comprising the steps of:
setting the calibration current source in a first state;
turning on all the phases of the multi-phase voltage regulator;
turning off one phase at a time until only one phase is on and measuring the current at that one phase;
turning on a second phase in addition to said only one phase;
turning off said only one phase and measuring the current at said second phase;
repeating the last two mentioned steps for successive phases until the current has been measured in all the phases with the calibration current set in said first state;
setting the calibration current source into a second state;
measuring the current in the last measured phase again;
turning on another phase;
turning off the last measured phase;
measuring the current in said another phase; and
repeating the last two steps until the current has been measured in all the phases with the calibration current turned in said second state.
This application includes subject matter that is related to the following patent applications, commonly assigned to the assignee of the present application, that are hereby incorporated herein by reference:
1. SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGHLY PHASED POWER REGULATION, Ser. No. 10/112,738 filed Apr. 1, 2002, inventors: Duffy, et al, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,563,294.
2. SYSTEM, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING VOLTAGE REGULATION TO A MICROELECTRONIC DEVICE, Ser. No. 10/103,980, filed Mar. 22, 2002, inventors: Duffy et al.
3. SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CURRENT HANDLING IN A DIGITALLY CONTROLLED POWER CONVERTER, Ser. No. 10/237,903, filed Sep. 9, 2002, inventors: Duffy et al.
4. SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGHLY PHASED POWER REGULATION, Ser. No. 09/975,195, filed Oct. 10, 2001, inventors: Duffy et al.
5. SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGHLY PHASED POWER REGULATION USING ADAPTIVE COMPENSATION CONTROL, Ser. No. 09/978,294, filed Oct. 15, 2001, inventors: Goodfellow et al.
6. SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HIGHLY PHASED POWER REGULATION USING ADAPTIVE COMPENSATION CONTROL, Ser. No. 10/109,801, filed Oct. 15, 2001, inventors: Goodfellow et al.
1. Technical Field of Invention
The present invention relates, generally, to power regulation systems and, in particular, to providing precisely regulated power to a microelectronic device such as a microprocessor. Precision power regulation is accomplished by accurate lossless current measurements, temperature compensation and digital calibration.
2. Background of the Invention
Regulated power supplies or voltage regulators are typically required to provide the voltage and current supply to microelectronic devices. The regulator is designed to deliver power from a primary source to an electrical load at the specified current, voltage, and power efficiency. Switching power converters (SPC) also referred to as Buck regulators are commonly used voltage regulators due to their high efficiency, high current capability, and topology flexibility. In addition, they can be designed to provide very precise voltage and current characteristics required by devices such as microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory devices, and the like.
Power requirements for emerging leading edge technology microprocessors have become very difficult to satisfy. As the speed and integration of microprocessors increases, the demands on the power regulation system increase. In particular, as gate counts increase, the power regulation current demand increases, the operating voltage decreases and transient events (e.g. relatively large voltage spikes or droops at the load) typically increase in both magnitude and frequency. Some emerging microprocessors are expected to run on less than 1.3 volts and more than 100 amperes.
SPC's utilizing step-down multi-phase Buck converters have been the preferred topology to meet the low voltage and high current requirements of microprocessors. With the advent of increasingly complex power regulation topologies, digital techniques for power converter control, specifically in multiphase designs, can improve precision and reduce the system's total parts count while also supporting multiple applications in the same power system through digitally programmable feedback control.
Existing feedback controls have taken voltage measurements from the load, as well as from the individual output phases. The feedback information has been used to adjust the width of the pulses produced by each of the phases of a multi-phase buck regulator system to bring the supplied voltage and current within the load line tolerances specified by the microprocessor manufacturer. Active Transient Response (ATR) has been used for high frequency response to rapidly changing power requirements at the load by quickly activating multiple phases to supply or drain (as the case required) more current to or from the load, thereby temporarily over riding the generally slower overall voltage regulator system response.
The measurement of load current is important for meeting microprocessor power requirements that specify a load line and active voltage positioning by defining narrow parameters within which current must be supplied at a specified voltage. In addition, leading edge microprocessors may specify current levels that must not be exceeded to avoid damage. Nevertheless, realization of accurately measured current amplitude has been problematic.
One way of measuring load current would be to insert a precision resistor in the load current path. For example, the precision resistor can be inserted In series with the inductor to measure current through each phase of the high side FETs. As another example, a precision resistor can be connected between the low side FET and ground. The voltage across the precision resistor divided by the known value of the resistor provides the amplitude of the current. This technique is lossy as the precision resistor consumes power and generates heat. This heat generation and power loss is a substantial problem that is even more significant when operating under battery power.
The power loss can be reduced by inserting a resistor and taking a current measurement in only one phase and extrapolating that measurement to approximate the current in the other phases. However, this reduces the accuracy of the measurements and fails to provide information for balancing the channels. Moreover, the power that is consumed and the heat that is generated by this lossy technique is still excessive and undesirable.
The present application describes techniques for accurately measuring load current in a lossless way and utilizing such accurate current measurements for improved power regulation to the load.
The current measurements can be taken at various points in the circuitry, all in a lossless (or quasi-lossless) way. By way of example, the current measurement can be taken at the inductor, at the high side FET or at the low side FET. The current measurement can then be used to calibrate the voltage regulator (VR).
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the on resistance of the drain to source path (RDSON) of a low side FET is determined by coupling a precise current source to the load. The RDSON is determined by first measuring the voltage at the low side FET when the load is in its quiescent state so that only leakage current is present. This first measurement is stored. A second voltage measurement is taken with the injection of a precise known current at the load. The second voltage is caused by the known current plus the leakage current. A comparison of the first and second measured voltages (e.g. by subtracting one voltage from the other) provides the voltage caused by the known current and a simple division of that voltage by the known current provides the RDSON value. This measurement and determination of RDSON is then performed for each phase of a multi-phase system.
However, it is known that RDSON varies with temperature, increasing approximately 0.39% per degree Centigrade. Accordingly, the invention provides for also storing the temperature at which RDSON is measured. In accordance with the invention, measured temperatures are stored. The non-linear aspects of temperature variations are compensated.
Other factors that can be compensated through calibration with current measurements include variations in current sense amplifier characteristics, voltage offset caused by leakage current at the load as well as the inductance of package leads. In accordance with the present invention, these effects can also be measured and compensated.
In accordance with another embodiment of this invention, current is measured at the high side FET. This can be accomplished, for example, by placing a current mirror and precision resistor in parallel with the high side FET. The voltage across the precision resistor is a measure of the current, which is at a known ratio with the actual current through the high side FET. The effective resistance (Reffective) is equal to the value of the precision current mirror resistor (Rmirror) divided by the mirror current ratio. The measurement can be taken twice, as in the aforementioned embodiment, to separately measure the leakage current. Even with the use of the precision current mirror resistor, this method is near lossless as the current passing through the current mirror is a small fraction (current mirror ratio) of the load current.
In accordance with a still further embodiment of the invention, the lossless current measurement is taken at an inductor. A series connected resistor and capacitor are connected in parallel with the inductor. The current is determined by measuring the voltage across the capacitor. This measurement provides the DC resistance (DCR) of the incuctor. As in the other embodiments, the measurement is taken twice at each phase, i.e. first with the calibration current on and then with the calibration current off. The order in which the measurements are taken can be reversed, i.e. first with the calibration current off and then with it on.
In accordance with the present invention, an advantageous calibration technique that minimizes noise is utilized at start-up. During calibration, the load is maintained in a quiescent state and the voltage at the load is brought to a potential level at which calibration measurements will be taken. At this point, all the phases of the multi-phase system are on. Assume that at this point the calibration current is also on. However, it is desired to take calibration measurements with only one phase active. In order to sequentially achieve the condition of only one phase being active with minimized noise and optimized accuracy, only one phase at a time is switched. The current in the first phase is measured when only that one phase is on. During this first measurement, the current value determined will be the sum of the leakage current and calibration current. After the current in each phase has been individually measured and stored, the calibration current is turned off and the current in each phase is measured again. As was done during the first measurement, only one phase is switched at a time until the current in each phase has been measured again when only that phase is active. The current measured during the second measurement is the leakage current. These current measurements together with temperature measurements provide the accurate data to calibrate the voltage regulator.
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent in the following more detailed description and claims when considered in connection with the drawings where like reference numerals refer to similar elements throughout the Figures.
The present invention may be described herein in terms of various functional components and various processing steps. It should be appreciated that such functional components may be realized by any number of hardware or structural components configured to perform the specified functions. For example, the present invention may employ various integrated components comprised of various electrical devices, e.g. resistors, transistors, capacitors, inductors and the like, whose values may be suitably configured for various intended purposes. Any actual values provided for such components as well as applied voltage levels and currents are intended by way of example and not limitation.
In addition, the present invention may be practiced in any integrated circuit application. Such general applications and other details that will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the present disclosure are not described in detail herein. Further, it should be noted that while various components may be suitably coupled or connected to other components within exemplary circuits, such connections and couplings can be realized by direct connection between components, or by connection through other components and devices located therebetween.
Refer now to
Digital controller 10 receives a VID input at voltage control 12. VID is a digital number provided by the microprocessor manufacturer describing specific power requirements. Digital controller 10 can also have a reference voltage 14 that is applied to analog-digital converter 16 that also receives, as a second input, the voltage at load 80. The reference voltage from block 14 is used to calibrate the output of ADC 16 to that reference voltage. The output of ADC 16 is a digital voltage value that is compared to the output of voltage control circuit 12 (the target voltage) in summer 17 and provided as a digital error voltage to digital compensator 18. Digital compensator 18 then provides an input to PWM 20 in order to modify the width of the pulses provided to the drivers 30 and 30′, etc. of each of the two phases in the illustrated example, and other phases, when utilized. Phase 1 is driven by driver circuits 32 and 34. Circuit 32 drives the gate of FET 40 with a signal that is complementary to the output of circuit 34 that drives the gate of FET 50. FET 40 and 50 have their drain-source paths connected in series, at a common point A, between a first potential source (+V) and a second potential source (ground). Since both FET 40 and 50 are shown as N-channel devices, only one of the two transistors is on at any one time. Of course, if transistor 40 were to be replaced with a P-type transistor, then the same phase signal could be used to drive the gate of both transistor 40 and 50. In either case, there is never a direct current path between +V and ground.
The phase 2 output of PWM 20 is provided to circuits 36 and 38 during phase 2 time in the same way that circuits 32 and 34 receive the pulse width modulate signals during phase 1 time. Circuit 36 then drives the gate of FET 42 and circuit 38 drives the gate of FET 52. Note that although two phases are shown, any number of phases can be used. Larger number of phases provides smoother and more accurate power to the load.
In operation, during phase 1, while the pulse width modulated waveform turns high side FET 40 on, current flows through FET 40 into node A and through inductor 60 to charge capacitor 70 and provide power to load 80. On the other hand, when low side FET 50 is turned on, current flows through FET 50. High side FET 42 and low side FET 52, connected in common at node B operate in a similar manner during phase 2. It is desirable to measure the voltage at node A and node B (and other corresponding nodes in systems with more phases) as an indication of the current being supplied to the load. The cross-referenced patent applications show how the measurements taken at nodes A and B are then used to better regulate the power provided to load 80. Unfortunately, voltage measurements taken at nodes A and B are only an approximation of current. The voltage measurement taken at node B for example, when low side FET is in its conductive state is the product of the current and on resistance (also referred to as RDSON) of low side FET 52. Because of process variations in the fabrication of FET 52 and other field effect transistors on the semiconductor chip and the fact that conductance is a function of temperature, measurements taken at nodes A and B, etc. are not a truly accurate measurement of current, unless actual RDSON is known.
Refer now to
In the
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a temperature sensor and sense circuit 102 is placed in close proximity or adjacent contact with low side FET 52. The temperature measurement at FET 52 can be used as an approximation of the temperature of FET 50 (and other low side FETs in additional phases) or, if desired, temperature sensors 102 are placed in close proximity or adjacent contact with all the low side FETs. Alternatively temperature sensors 102 could be placed anywhere that it is desired to measure and/or monitor temperature. The output of temperature sensor(s) 102 is then provided to calibration controller 104.
Calibration controller 104 provides an enable signal to current source 100 during a portion of a calibration cycle (to be described herein below). At all other times, current source 100 remains off and does not affect the operation of the digital multiphase buck regulator. Note that current source 100 can also be referred to as a current sink as it is drawing current (e.g. from node B during phase 2 calibration) in the same direction as leakage current flows into load 80. Leakage current is that small amount of current that is drawn by load 80 when it is in a quiescent or off-state.
In accordance with the
Current source 100 must provide a precise calibration current. Although a simple series connection of an FET and a high value precision resistance can be a current source, an inexpensive precise current source is illustrated in
As the requirement for accurately controlled power for microelectronic devices such as microprocessors increases, the requirement for precisely measuring the current at the load increases. The full benefits of the invention described and claimed in the instant application can be realized with an accurate measurement of current (as opposed to voltage) at the load, and in particular, a measurement of current at a known temperature. The embodiments described accomplish the desired accurate current measurements. In the
Referring now to
During calibration, the digitized current data is provided to current computation block 128 and to calibration controller 104. The first and second current measurements are stored in registers in calibration controller 104. Calibration controller 104 compares the first and second measurements (to be described in greater detail) and provides the result (which is RDSON or its equivalent) and provides this value back to the computation block 128 as the scaling term to compute current from the ADC converter 126.
The digitized temperature data is coupled to calibration controller 104 through temperature computation block 127. Calibration controller 104 provides this temperature related data to current computation block 128. This temperature adjusted current computation i.e. the digitized current data is coupled to voltage control circuit 12. This temperature adjusted digitized current data is used by voltage control 12 together with the VID input to generate an adjusted target voltage provided to summer 17. Thus, the error signal provided by summer 17 to digital compensator 18 is adjusted in response to the accurate temperature compensated current measurements.
In accordance with the present invention, current flowing through the load can be measured by lossless techniques other than determining the RDSON of the low side FET. Refer now to
In the
Refer now to
Refer now to
Next, the calibration current unit 100 is turned on so that the voltage at node A (VNFET) becomes RDSON times the sum of the leakage current plus the calibration current. This second voltage value is also sent to the calibration controller 104: which performs the required calculation determining that RDSON is equal to the difference between the two voltages divided by the calibration current (I calibration). Thus, as the second voltage measurement is compared to the first and RDSON is determined to be equal to the absolute value of the difference between the two voltages (VNFET_CAL_ON minus VNFET_CAL_OFF) divided by the calibration current (l calibration). This result is stored on chip, for example, in storage registers in calibration controller 104, or alternatively in non-volatile memory 106 as desired. On chip storage (either in calibration controller 104 or non-volatile memory 106) also stores the temperature at which the calibration was performed, as well as other information including differences in the characteristics of each of the phase sense amplifiers and the leakage current of the load.
Refer now to
Refer now to
The operation of the invention is further explained by the current and voltage waveforms occurring in one phase, as shown in
The actual current desired to be measured to determine RDSON of the low side FET is the average current which is measured at the mid-point (MP) of the "on" state of the low side FET (e.g. 52). Average current, of course, is readily obtained by analog measurements and it is then possible to convert that value through an analog to digital converter. However, average current can be determined digitally by locating the midpoint (MP) based on the timing of the pulse from the falling edge, the leading edge or both. In the case of using the trailing edge, the midpoint is at the cycle time plus the pulse width, the sum divided by 2. Using the leading edge, the midpoint (MP) is at the cycle time minus the pulse width of the next pulse, the difference divided by 2. Using both trailing and leading edges, the midpoint (MP) is at the cycle time divided by 2. A strobe pulse provided near the midpoint (MP) is adequate as sequential measurments will average out cycle to cycle variations. In the case of current mirror sensing, the average current desired to be measured to determine the current mirror effective resistance is the midpoint (MP) of the current through the high side FET. In the case of DCR sensing, the actual current desired to be measured to determine the DC resistance of the inductor is the midpoint of the current through the inductor (current through both the high side FET and the low side FET).
Refer now to
The waveform in
Refer now to
The correction of the residual curvature in the temperature to ADC code transfer function is further illustrated in the waveform diagram of
It has also been found that the sense amplifiers receiving the current sense signals from each of the phases require calibration to compensate for e.g. process variations. With continued reference to
Refer now to
Refer now to
Next, phase 2 is turned on in addition to phase one being kept on. Next, phase 1 is turned off. At this point only phase 2 is on and can be measured Next phase 3 is turned on. Next phase 2 is turned off, so that phase 3 can be measured. Next phase 4 is turned on. Next, phase 3 is turned off so that phase 4 can be measured. Additional phases (in a system with more than 4 phases) can then be measured by repeating the last two mentioned steps.
At this point, the calibration current source is set into its second state, e.g. off, and the aforementioned steps are repeated in reverse until all phases are active again on the last line of the truth table. In each case, the two measurements for each phase (once with the calibration current on and once with the calibration current off) can be stored and compared to obtain the resistance value that permits the obtaining of the accurate current value. As noted in column 6 of
In summary, what has been described is a multi-phase switched power converter that supplies accurate power during rapidly changing power requirements at the load. Highly accurate power is provided by the ability to measure actual current values at the load and compensating by digital processing (e.g. subtracting one current value from another). The current is measured at a known measured temperature and non-linear temperature variations are also compensated digitally. The absolute value of current is measured individually in each channel. This permits the balancing of each channel, calibration of the voltage regulator and the ability to provide accurately compensated power to the load. What has also been described is a calibration process that minimizes transients.
The present invention has been described above with reference to various exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the various components may be implemented in alternate ways, such as, for example, by providing other configurations of SPC's. Such changes or modifications are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention, as set forth in the following claims.
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Im a 3d and 2d modeler and i create maps thats about it at the moment.
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Do you have a favorite WMV movie but cannot play it on your iPad? I always meet such problem which makes me feel frustrated for a long time. But now, I find a good WMV to iPad Converter - Video Converter for Mac which helped me a lot. It is an easy-to-operate and efficient program. You don't even need to know the iPad supported format. MP4? M4V? or MOV? Leave it alone. Just choose iPad as the output profile, and then all the tasks will be finished in a few minutes. For iPad lovers, the iPad2 and the new iPad is also supported.
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text:
Created: 04/18/2013 6:39 PM KSTP.com By: Jennie Olson
It may not feel like spring outside, but many of us are itching to do some spring cleaning. Now, there's a warning for anyone with asthma.
Doctors say it's not just added dust that can trigger breathing problems but the cleaning agents themselves. They say it makes a big difference how the cleaner is applied; the more particles in the air, the worse it is for your lungs.
"What can happen is that it can propel into a much larger asthma attack," Dr. Sumita Khatri of Cleveland Clinic said. "A lot of people end up hospitalized because of their efforts to clean."
There are alternative natural cleaners that are better for you lungs, like vinegar, baking soda, and sometimes even olive oil. Doctors say you should also have an Asthma Action Plan somewhere accessible in the home with step-by-step instructions for any loved one in an emergency.


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Baseball Individuals to Start Next Week
First-year West Virginia University baseball coach Randy Mazey will have a pretty good collection of veteran players at his disposal when individual workouts begin next week.
The first official practice is scheduled for Friday, Jan. 25 - three weeks ahead of the 2013 season opener at the University of North Florida.
Six of the top seven hitters and the top three pitchers are returning from last year's team that won 23 of 55 games and failed to qualify for the Big East tournament.
At times the Mountaineers had a rough go of it both at the plate and on the mound in 2012. West Virginia's hitters managed just 25 home runs in a small ballpark and struck out 349 times, while the Mountaineer pitchers walked 285 batters in 472.1 innings and allowed opposing batters to hit .294, which led to an inflated 6.04 staff ERA.
As a result, West Virginia dropped seven one-run games and lost 11 games by two runs or less. However, West Virginia did take two of three from South Florida in Morgantown and won five of its last eight to end the season on a strong note. That is something Mazey and his new coaching staff can build on as they prepare for the Mountaineers' first season in Big 12 Conference play.
"A lot of what I know about these guys is based off of last year's stat sheet and fall practice," Mazey said. "Their stats are based on what they did in the Big East last year so that's a little misleading when we get into the Big 12. I will know a lot more about them when we start playing games."
That begs the question: Do the Mountaineers have enough talent to keep from getting buried in one of America's top baseball conferences this year? Mazey, who spent the last three seasons as TCU's No. 1 assistant after six years as head coach at Charleston Southern and East Carolina, isn't sure.
"Don't know yet," he said last week. "We haven't seen enough of them yet to know. Hopefully we have enough."
Six of the nine spots in this year's batting order are likely to be occupied by returning players, and Mazey likes the speed he has in the outfield to run down balls in the gaps with Bobby Boyd, Brady Wilson and a pair of JC transfers Taylor Munden and Jacob Rice. Boyd is the team's top returning hitter with a .321 average in 193 at bats last year as a freshman.
However, the Mountaineers don't appear to possess a lot of power and will likely have to manufacture offense by stringing together hits, going station to station, and running the bases well. That may mean Mazey might have to control games from the third base coaches' box this year more than he would normally like to.
"Everyone likes the three-run home run but I'm not sure how much we are going to be able to count on that this year," Mazey said.
Mazey feels pretty good about what he's got to work with from first to third in the infield. Junior first baseman Ryan McBroom is one of the team's top power threats, hitting six home runs and accumulating 21 extra base hits in 205 at bats last year. Designated hitter Matt Frazer is the other, the Nitro High product managing six home runs, 23 doubles and batting .294 in 54 games last year as a sophomore.
Second baseman Billy Fleming also hit a solid .316 in 43 games as a freshman, including .354 in Big East play.
West Virginia has an experienced catcher returning in senior Alan Filauro, who appeared in 34 games last year. Filauro struggled with the bat, hitting just .208 in 2012, but he does handle pitchers well and can throw out runners. Sophomore Max Nogay played in 28 games last year while freshman Ray Guerinni impressed in the fall, giving the Mountaineers three pretty good options behind the dish.
"I like my lineup, but the lineup you usually start with isn't the one that you will end with," Mazey admitted. "A key will be if we can score four or more runs a game - and figuring out a way of keeping the other team from scoring a lot of runs."
Mazey will have 18 arms available at the start of preseason practice, including two at the top of the rotation who could be pretty effective this year. Junior right hander Corey Walter, from Wheeling, can touch 95 mph on the radar gun and is probably West Virginia's top pro prospect. Last year in 14 appearances, the 6-foot-3, 215-pounder led the team with a 6-5 record and a 4.58 earned run average in 98.1 innings of work. On the down side, Walter also walked 32 batters, hit nine more and threw 10 wild pitches.
Sophomore lefthander Harrison Musgrave returns to the hill after missing 2012 following Tommy John surgery. Musgrave was one of the better freshmen lefthanders in the Big East in 2011, the Bridgeport resident posting a 4-2 record with 41 strikeouts and a 4.61 ERA in 56.2 innings pitched before getting injured.
After those two, junior college transfers John Means, Pascal Paul and Corey Holmes are possibilities for weekend work, among others. Mazey said he has an idea who his specialty guys will be and who might be able to get him from the seventh inning to the end of the game, but he won't know for sure until he sees how they react in game situations.
"Sometimes guys surprise you," he said.
What won't be surprising is the number of games this year's team will be playing away from Morgantown. Twenty three of the first 24 games are on the road, including West Virginia's first Big 12 home series with Texas Tech on March 22-24. Those three games will be played at Appalachian Power Park in Charleston, W.Va.
League games against Oklahoma and TCU in early May will also be played in Charleston. A site for West Virginia's three-game Big 12 home series with Kansas in late April has yet to be finalized (that series is what is holding up the release of this year's schedule).
There are just eight dates at Hawley Field this year, including an early March encounter with Eastern Kentucky that could fall victim to inclement weather.
The Mountaineers will play host to New Orleans in a four-game series on March 28-31 in Morgantown, as well as games against Marshall on April 2, Youngstown State on April 10 and Pitt on April 30.
"We are going to face a lot of adversity early with the travel, and we don't have a whole lot of games at home so we are going to be on a bus a lot together," said Mazey. "We're going to find out what this team is made of."
Mazey and his staff will have roughly three weeks to get their team ready (likely without the benefit of getting them outside) before facing North Florida in a three-game series in Jacksonville Feb. 15-17 to open the season.
The Ospreys were 31-24 last year as members of the Atlantic Sun Conference.
"It will be challenging with our facility situation right now, but we'll get after it," said Mazey. "We'll play in the parking lot if we have to."
Men's Basketball: Bahamas Preview
Womens Soccer: Kadeisha Buchanan Press Conference
Big 12 Media Days: Dana Holgorsen
Women's Soccer: Amanda Hill and Mocha
Big 12 Media Days: Nick Kwiatkoski
Football: Dana Holgorsen on ESPN


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The Obama administration has hired Indian-American actor Kal Penn to work in the White House Office of Public Liaison doing "Asian-American outreach." Interesting choice.
You can't say Penn has no experience in the field. He starred in the 2008 comedy "Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay," which painted a very particular portrait of America's attitude toward Asian-Americans. Penn's character Kumar Patel is an American citizen who smokes pot on a plane and winds up in Guantanamo Bay under suspicion of terrorism. Once at Gitmo, there's forced fellatio and consumption of genital sandwiches. Luckily, some Cuban refugees help the wrongly accused Patel escape. Back on U.S. soil, he does battle with in-bred southerners and the Ku Klux Klan, who detain him under suspicion of being Mexican. Eventually, he ends up on George W. Bush's Texas ranch, where the former president pardons him based on a mutual affection for marijuana.
Interesting choice.
It kind of sucks some of the gravitas out of Obama's moral preening on Guantanamo Bay when he hires a guy who made a stoner comedy about the place.
Or maybe not. How might Obama put it? "We are no longer constricted by the false choice between moral seriousness and Hollywood anti-Americanism."


text: Here's something Nationals fans don't want to hear. According to Mark Zuckerman of CSNWashington.com, Nationals manager Davey Johnson said after tonight's game that Stephen Strasburg is currently dealing with right forearm tightness. Strasburg allowed two runs on six hits and four walks over six innings tonight as part of a no-decision in a 3-2 loss to the Braves.


text:
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: welch
Proper noun[edit]
- An English surname. It was used for someone who was a Welshman or a Celt.
- Archaic spelling of Welsh Still used in name of the British regiment the Royal Welch Fusiliers: that spelling was confirmed by Army order.
- A town in Oklahoma
- An unincorporated CDP in Texas
- A city in West Virginia


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Anyone who enjoys Disneyland can't be all bad.
"Here You Leave the World of California Today and Enter the World of, um, er, California Today."
Looks like he had a great time.
I pledge allegiance to the Earth, one planet, many gods, and to the universe in which she spins.
I want to see him at Sesame Place theme Park in Pennyslvania, now a picture of him with Big Bird would be a keeper
Those pics of ma' dude Romney are classic. Thanks for posting.
No matter if you like him or not it is always a good thing to see a Grandfather out for a day in the park with thier family having a good time and putting thier problems aside for the day. Jokes , jabs and political discussion need to be left out of this.
Right, no political discussion.
But jokes and jabs are often given here about a lot of celebrities. He's just another guy.
And oh, great pics.
[Half awake] How many cups of sugar does it take to get to the moon?
"Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls, Disneyland proudly presents our spectacular festival pageant of nighttime magic and imagination in thousands of sparkling lights and electro-synthe-magnetic musical sounds. The Main Street Electrical Parade!"
All I see is a guy sincerely having fun at the park with his family. It makes him all that much more "everyman" to me. I love pics of politicians like Truman and Nixon at Disneyland and wish we could see more but typically they're under more security ( and scrutiny ) than entertainment type celebs so I guess this could be kind of rare.


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Published on September 15th, 20120
The Rise Of The Super-Bugs
One of the most important health issues faced by humans in the 21st Century is the rise of alleged super bugs. This programme tells the viewer what most people already know.
As science gets wiser, so do the bugs. Rates of drug-resistant bacteria infecting patients in the community and in hospital has increased steadily in recent years, according to new studies found in the June 15 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, available online.
Drug resistance in micro-organisms has become a problem due in part to inappropriate prescribing and overuse of antibiotics. These drug-resistant super bugs could infect humans and cause health problems that are difficult to address with standard antibiotic regimens. One defendant is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, or MRSA, an organism that was associated mainly with hospital-acquired infections, but is becoming increasingly common in the general community, as has been reported recently in the medical literature. This can cause problems ranging from skin infections to severe infections, bloodstream and even death.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital conducted a three-year study of S. Aureus infections in children. They found that between the community-acquired S. Aureus isolates, the proportion of isolated MRSA has reached 76 percent in 2003. Over the passed three years, the number of community-acquired MRSA infections were more than twice. MRSA isolates caused skin and soft tissue infections, usually, and more than 60 percent of these children were admitted to hospital.
The rapid rise in pediatric community-acquired MRSA infections in Texas, should grow red flags for health care workers everywhere. There have been deaths related to this organism,although the vast numbers are skin and soft tissue infections, said Sheldon Kaplan, MD, lead author of the study Texas. He added that because this very dramatic increase in MRSA infections, doctors must learn what percentage of staphylococcal isolates are resistant drug in their own communities so they can grow and monitor to adjust your treatment accordingly.
Prevention of MRSA infections mainly involves common sense. If you get a cut or abrasion, try to keep the towels clean and dry, said Dr. Kaplan. Most importantly, he added, wash hands, wash hands hands.
And if regular drug-resistant bacteria were not bad enough, some bacteria have become multi drug resistant (MDR). Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School studied the prevalence of bacteria resistant to three or more drugs over a period of six years. From 1998 – 2003 there was a significant increase in the incidence of patients carrying MDR bacteria when they were admitted to hospital. Of the four species of MDR bacteria that the researchers examined, three of them – including Escherichia coli, a familiar bug that can cause urinary tract infections.
Spread of multi drug resistance in bacteria appears to have two main causes, according to Aurora Pop-Vicas, MD, lead author of the study Massachusetts. The first is the intrinsic ability of bacteria to mutate and acquire resistance to antibiotics under pressure. The second is the spread of MDR bacteria from patient to patient, often in hospitals or long-term care facilities such as nursing homes. In the study, living in a long term care facility, being 65 years or older or antibiotics for two or more weeks were all factors that increased the likelihood of people carrying MDR bacteria admission to hospital.
Physicians should be aware of risk factors for MDR bacterial infections, Dr. Pop-Vicas said, and should be judicious in prescribing antibiotics. Treating infections caused by MDR bacteria is a therapeutic challenge, Dr. Pop-Vicas said, because for severe infections, physicians may need to administer medicines before bacterial culprit – and its potential resistance to antibiotics – is known. In such cases, combination antibiotic therapy (using more than one drug at a time) may be preferable to mono therapy (using one drug) because physicians need to maximize the chances that the organism is sensitive to at least one of them, Dr. Pop – Vicas said. Turning to treat an infection with inadequate therapy is associated with a worse outcome than using adequate therapy from the start, she added. Once drug resistant bacterium is known, treatment can be adjusted accordingly.
We need to learn more about ways to prevent the spread of multi drug resistance, said Dr. Pop-Vicas. What everyone wants to avoid is an infection with MDR bacteria resistant to all currently available antibiotics.
Founded in 1979, Clinical Infectious Diseases publish clinical articles twice monthly in a variety of areas of infectious disease, and is one of the most highly regarded journals in this specialty. It is published under the auspices of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Headquartered in Alexandria, Va., IDSA is a professional society representing about 8,000 physicians and scientists who specialize in infectious diseases. For more information, visit http://www.idsociety.org
What is an antibiotic?
An antibiotic is a substance that controls the growth of bacteria, either by killing them or inhibiting their ability to reproduce. They are used to treat bacterial infections, such as bacterial pneumonia, staph, and ear infections. Examples include bacitracin, cephradine, ciprofl oxacin (cipro), erythromycin, nystatin, penicillin, and tetracycline.
Also Watch Seven Wonders of the Microbe World and The Strange Science of Decay
Watch The Rise Of The Super-Bugs – Turn off the lights
The Rise Of The Super-Bugs,


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Tired of seeing ads? Click here to register today and the ads go away. It's completely FREE, too!
Can't find what you're looking for? Use the search bar in the upper right corner.
8 week vs 16 week course?
Discussion in 'Education and Training' started by Jay506, Apr 5, 2010.
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Photo: Crime Stoppers
Kelowna's most wanted is Glen Wesley Primrose.
Crime Stoppers is asking the public's assistance in locating the following male who is wanted on a province-wide warrant as of May 30, 2014.
Glen Wesley Primrose (DOB 1991-04-24) is wanted for one count of dangerous operation of a motor vehicle, one count of flight from police officer, one count of driving over .08 and one count of driving while suspended.
Primrose is described as a 22-year old white male, 5'8" tall and 130 lbs. He has brown hair and green eyes.
Crime Stoppers will pay cash for information leading to the arrest of this suspect. If you see him, do not approach him.
Call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-TIPS, go to www.crimestoppers.net or text to CRIMES (274637) Keyword: ktown.
RCMP File # 2014-13572


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By Jim GaramoneAmerican Forces Press Service
CAMP H.M. SMITH, Hawaii, Feb. 21, 2008 Military preeminence and strategic cooperation are at the heart of every action taken by U.S. Pacific Command, the chief of America's largest combatant command said here yesterday.
The command's scope is just one aspect, Navy Adm. Timothy J. Keating said. PACOM's area of responsibility includes the two largest countries in the world -- China and India -- as well as established regional powers, growing nations, struggling states and the overarching threat of transnational terrorism in the area, he said. PACOM is a maritime command, but its area includes five of the world's largest standing armies.
"We try to emphasize two things in everything we do: military preeminence and strategic cooperation," Keating said during an interview in his office overlooking Pearl Harbor. "Our job as a United States combat command is to protect the United States of America from attack and our allies and partners, of which we have many in this region."
The U.S. military must be strong enough to deter aggressors and, if attacked, able to defeat any enemy quickly. But the lesson of the region is that you don't have to be a shooter to be effective, the admiral said.
"Everywhere we go -- to one degree or another, but unmistakable nonetheless -- is the theme that those countries want us in some way, shape or form to be nearby, to be associated, to be close, to help," Keating said.
They want to have the phone number to call in case of a tsunami in Indonesia or a Cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh, he said. Responding to natural or manmade disasters is a mission of the command.
"If we can keep those folks in the frame of mind that the United States is here -- we are the indispensable element to ensure they know they can trust us and we can trust them -- the likelihood of kinetic military activity is much, much lower," he said.
And it has been working; guns in the Pacific are quiet for now, but there are concerns. Terrorist activity still plagues the southern Philippines. The military dictatorship in Burma remains a concern. The command watches developments in North Korea very carefully. There is tension between the Peoples' Republic of China and Taiwan.
"We think it's being monitored carefully and managed delicately," Keating said.
But while there are no shooting wars in the region, the soldiers, sailors, airmen, Marines and Defense Department civilians in the region are busy.
"There are many exercises, exchanges and programs being conducted that will strengthen the sense of trust we are trying to nurture," the admiral said.
Actions in U.S. Central Command obviously affect readiness of U.S. military forces worldwide. "The readiness of our forces in the Pacific is affected by combat operations in Afghanistan and Iraq," Keating said. "But every day I report to the secretary of defense that we are ready to execute the plans that he expects of us."
Since the war on terror began, the command has had to assume a bit more risk and change contingency plans. "We've had to adjust them a little bit because of the 30,000 Marines and soldiers who are ordinarily in our (area), but are not (now)," he said. "We are at a higher risk state than we would be if there were no military operations in the Central Command, but we can execute the plans that are on the shelf."
Keating said he always is asked when he testifies before Congress what keeps him awake at night. "The answer is, 'Nothing does,'" he said.
Exercises and military-to-military contacts are the building blocks of the command's strategic partnership program.
"Last summer in the Bay of Bengal, two U.S. aircraft carriers, an Indian aircraft carrier and ships from Singapore, Australia and Japan participated in a 10-day multilateral, multiservice exercise, … and we were able to communicate on a classified system in real time," Keating said. "That's a profound development."
Keating noted he was previously assigned to the command in 1985. "The notion of getting those five countries together in a maritime exercise (then) was a nonstarter," he said. "And now it happens as a matter of course."
More than 8,000 U.S. soldiers, sailors, airmen and Marines are in the Philippines providing medical and engineering assistance throughout the southern Philippines. Terrorism is a danger in the country, but U.S. servicemembers are helping the Filipinos develop their capabilities.
"There are a wide variety of very effective nonshooting activities in which our men and women in uniform are involved," Keating said, adding that there are a number of bilateral and multilateral exercises, including the biggie: Cobra Gold in Thailand. At least half a dozen countries will send troops and equipment for Cobra Gold, and many more will send military observers.
Participating in these exercises has a long-range payoff, too. "Having had the luxury of participating in a bunch of these things since I was an ensign, you can move around the world and look up someone and say, 'Hey, how are you? How are things going?'" Keating said. "It goes back to that trust and confidence we are looking to not just build, but to nurture."
He said developing that type of trust with the region's largest nation has been somewhat troublesome.
"We are having a little bit of trouble engendering that trust and confidence with the People's Liberation Army in China," Keating acknowledged.
Keating said he can get in touch with senior Chinese military officials, but he must work through the U.S. embassy in Beijing, and that delays the process.
He can make those calls to other military leaders in the region, he said. "It is an on-the-spot, real-time way of at least reducing misunderstanding," Keating said. "If misunderstanding festers, it can lead to confusion and then crisis, and then even conflict."
Keating indicated that he is hopeful that communication with China will improve and that military-to-military contacts will continue to grow in scope and importance. "We are engaging with all of these countries in exercises, personnel exchanges at the senior NCO through the four-star level," he said. "(These are) a significant benefit to us, and we need to tell the American people."
Countries of the region are responding to U.S. engagement. The Indonesians are getting better at counterterrorism; the Malaysians are getting better at preventing piracy, "and it's not just because they are hanging with the United States," Keating said.
The Malaysian, Indonesian and Singaporean forces are working together better in providing increased security in the Straits of Malacca, a strategic choke point through which 90 percent of Asia's oil flows.
"Enhanced maritime security, enhanced awareness, information sharing, intelligence gathering -- all of those factors combine to make a more secure Straits of Malacca, and that transfers throughout the region as it all fits together," Keating said.
One of the more successful U.S. efforts in the region was sending the USS Peleliu on a six-month cruise throughout the region. The amphibious assault ship had no Marines on it, but was filled with medical personnel from military and civilian agencies, he said, and it traveled the region providing medical care to all who needed it.
Keating visited the ship during its cruise. He met a 23-year-old Filipina mother whose 3-year-old child will live because of the care he received. The hospital ship the USNS Mercy will make a similar cruise in the region this year, the admiral said.
"When they see the military uniforms, we want them to know they can count on the United States of America to be there with the military power that we represent, but we don't want to use it," he said.
Related Sites:U.S. Pacific Command
Related Articles:PACOM Chief Emphasizes Difference Between U.S.-Chinese Satellite Shootdowns


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The difference is that there is no opt out of OC when installing.
Opt out of *what*? OpenCandy is more akin to a service than an application. It doesn't install anything that's not required to have a clean uninstall, nor does it do anything other than during installation if you don't opt-in. If you go to a site on the internet and it displays a page before you can access the site that has an ad that you choose not to install and even choose not to allow to show by the use of adblockers, it can *still* get information akin to the stated OC information, i.e. that you came to the page, whether you click through to an ad, and whether you click through to the main site. Is anyone asking pages that do this to disclose that they're keeping track of who lands on the page? And this is not a hypothetical situation; I know of a few popular sites that I visit that do this exact same thing.


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High quality, budget accommodation ideal for both families and business travellers. Spacious, en suite bedrooms feature tea and coffee making facilities, and Freeview TV in most hotels. Internet acces...More about Premier Inn Bristol Filton
The Miners is a real family affair set in the heart of the Forest of Dean. First impressions are of a quintessential pub with beamed ceilings, stone floors and a bar stocking an array of local ales. A...More about The Miners Country Inn
Located on the Wye Valley road, The Florence has delightful views across the river and stands in more than five acres of gardens with woodland walks. Bedrooms, some in the main house and the others in...More about The Florence
High quality, budget accommodation ideal for both families and business travellers. Spacious, en suite bedrooms feature tea and coffee making facilities, and Freeview TV in most hotels. Internet acces...More about Premier Inn Bristol (Alveston)
Parva Farmhouse is a relaxed and friendly family-run guest house, situated on a sweep of the River Wye with far-reaching views of the valley. Dating from the 17th century, this establishment has many ...More about Parva Farmhouse Riverside Guest House
This comfortably furnished, 19th-century farmhouse stands in six acres of grounds. The bedrooms, some located on the ground floor and some in buildings adjacent to the main house, have many extra faci...More about The Sodbury House
With good access to both the M4 and M5, this lodge offers a popular retreat for both business and leisure guests, and is surrounded by pleasant scenery including a golf course. Dinner and breakfast ca...More about Thornbury Lodge
This modern building offers accommodation in smart, spacious and well-equipped bedrooms, suitable for families and business travellers, and all with en suite bathrooms. Continental breakfast is availa...More about Days Inn Michaelwood - M5
The Cross Hands is a former posting house dating back to the 14th century, and can be found just off the main road, within easy reach of both Bath and Bristol. The bedrooms are well equipped and some ...More about The Cross Hands
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FAQ – AIESEC Internship Program
Here you will find the most important answers regarding the AIESEC Program at Deutsche Post DHL Group. If you have further questions regarding AIESEC, please visit the AIESEC website on: www.aiesec.org.
General information
Present in over 110 countries and territories and with over 60,000 members, AIESEC is the world's largest youth-run organisation. Focused on providing a platform for youth leadership development, AIESEC offers young people the opportunity to participate in international internships, experience leadership and participate in a global learning environment. What makes AIESEC unique is the youth driven impactful experience that it offers to its members. AIESEC is run by young people for young people, enabling a strong experience to all its stakeholders.
For more information please visit the AIESEC website on: http://www.aiesec.org
Any member of AIESEC can apply for an internship that is offered by DPDHL Group through the AIESEC Program.
For more information on how to become a member please visit the AIESEC website on: http://www.aiesec.org
Look for the closest AIESEC chapter near you and apply to become a member. Your local chapter will then be able to guide you through the application process.
For more information please visit the AIESEC website on: http://www.aiesec.org
The basic requirement is that you must be an AIESEC member to be able to apply for an AIESEC internship. Secondly your profile should match the required profile which is posted as a job listing by AIESEC.
For more information on the needed requirements visit the AIESEC page on http://www.aiesec.org
The minimum duration for an internship offered by DPDHL Group is 6 month and a maximum of 12 month. Besides that the internship duration may vary between 6 to 12 month based on the needs of the hiring manager.
Most of the internships are offered in Germany, USA, Belgium and Singapore. However DPDHL Group operates in 220 countries, and therefore an internship can be raised within any of those countries based on need.


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History of helping
The 1970s might not seem like the wild, wild west, but for residents living on the eastern side of Valencia County, it might as well have been.
For people living in the unincorporated part of the county — a county that stretched all the way to the Arizona state line before Cibola County was created in 1981 — with a sheriff's department of six, crime was almost a daily occurrence.
Because there were only a few deputies on duty at any given time, the residents of eastern Valencia County decided to take matters into their own hands.
Working with and under the authority of the sheriff's department, the Bosque Farms Citizens and Volunteer Deputy Association was formed in 1971.
"This has always been a community with residents willing to help each other, said Bob Courtney, village of Bosque Farms resident.
Courtney wasn't a volunteer with the association but, thanks to his work with the Bosque Farms Historical Exchange Forum, he discovered the nearly decade-long time frame in which a group of volunteers patrolled the streets of the eastern communities, working to keep people and property safe.
"As far as I can tell, this is part of Bosque Farms' and the rest of the county's history that hasn't really been documented," he said.
Courtney began researching the association, contacting former members, mayors and police chiefs for information, rosters, pictures and pieces of uniforms long packed away.
"Several people said to me, and now they didn't do this for the recognition, but they told me they never thought anyone would remember them," Courtney said. "And that's a shame. They were all volunteers, on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week. They worked all day, then patrolled at night.
"To me," he said, "that is the noblest act of volunteerism, when you lay down your life to protect others."
After nearly a year, in January 1972 the association became a nonprofit group called the Eastern Valencia County Citizens Patrol.
In the eight years of its existence, the citizens patrol worked with three sheriffs, Emiliano Castillo, Nick Sanchez and Lawrence Romero. saw the incorporation of the village of Bosque Farms, served under the village's first mayor and police chief and weathered two tragedies.
According to old reports, in the late 1960s, eastern Valencia County experienced a burglary rate of almost two break-ins a day.
As the patrol became more of a presence, those reports dropped to a few per week and finally a handful a month.
The 30-plus men and women answered to the county sheriff but paid for their own uniform, badge, gun and ammo. They even drove their own vehicles when out on patrol.
"The volunteers would work all day, come home, put on the badge and uniform and patrol," Courtney said. "And their families should be commended. So often, they were taken away from their families and they never knew what they would encounter on patrol."
When the volunteers were out on patrol, they weren't alone. Thanks to a volunteer network of citizen-band radio operators, the folks on patrol kept in touch with each other and were dispatched where they were needed.
Frequently, the wives of the volunteers monitored the radios while they went about their housework, fielding calls between afternoon ironing and getting supper started.
"They were not only a vital communication link, but essential to the safety of the deputies and the overall success of the organization," Courtney said.
From 1972 to 1976, Larry Johnson served with the citizens patrol. He heard it was getting started and decided to volunteer.
"I really got to enjoy patrolling," Johnson said. "I met a lot of people and got to know the community well."
One of the highlights of going out on patrol was his frequent partner, Bo Diddley, whose real name was Ellas McDaniel.
"Every time he was in town, he would ask for me," Johnson said, smiling broadly. "He was my man."
The famed rhythm and blues musician was more that just Johnson's friend. He was a supporter of the citizens patrol as a whole. Diddley helped with numerous fundraisers for the group and even bought two patrol cars for them, personally delivered from California by two of his band mates, Johnson said.
During his time with the patrol, a lot of things happened, both good and bad, Johnson said. He remembers working closely with the New Mexico State Police, the patrol blending seamlessly with the larger organization.
"We were all working for the common good," he said. "We respected them and they respected us."
And like any law enforcement officer, paid or volunteer, Johnson never knew just what he would encounter out in the night.
One evening, he and his partner for the night, Charlie Wasmer, got a call to a house on the North Bosque Loop. A woman had a pistol and was threatening the babysitter. Two children were in the house.
Wasmer went to the door while Johnson stayed outside with a rifle trained on the woman through a window. Wasmer was able to take the gun away from her and no one was hurt during the incident, but Johnson said he will never forget the gut-wrenching feeling of knowing he might have to pull the trigger.
Johnson had fond memories of Wasmer, a plumber by day and officer by night. Wasmer's death in 1977 devastated Johnson.
"After that, it just wasn't the same," he said.
In August 1977, Wasmer, an officer with the village police department by then, and volunteer officer Rick Switzer were driving when a car came around a curve and nearly hit their police vehicle.
The officers, in talking to the driver of the suspect vehicle, learned that she was Ruth Manus, 51, who lived only about 150 yards from where they stopped her.
At about 9 p.m., as the officers continued their investigation of the accident and Manus' driving habits, her husband, William Manus, 58, approached the group and opened fire with a double-barrel, 12-gauge shotgun.
He hit Wasmer with both barrels, once in the chest and once in the face. The gravely wounded officer managed to shoot the husband and get to his police car and call for help before he died.
Switzer also shot Manus, who survived his wounds and was charged with first-degree murder, attempted murder and aggravated assault.
"I've got to give Bob a lot of credit for undertaking this project," Johnson said. "I didn't think anyone would ever do something like this."
That was a rough year for the volunteer patrol and law enforcement across the county.
Just six months before Wasmer's shooting, 20-year-old Lollie Tipton was abducted at the Circle K store in Peralta, where she was working the graveyard shift.
Despite a massive manhunt, Tipton could not be found.
Just the month before, in January 1977, Valencia County Sheriff Lawrence Romero had been sworn in to his first term. The newly-elected sheriff was at his wit's end.
On a hunch from his wife, Hazel, Romero showed a rough composite sketch around a bar near the Circle K. The bartender recognized the man and soon William T. Altum was arrested.
Altum had recently been released from a mental institution after having committed a similar kidnapping and armed robbery in Kansas.
Tipton did not survive her ordeal. Using a map that Altum drew to show where her body was, the police discovered her remains in a culvert in southeast Albuquerque. The young mother had died of a massive skull fracture.
Although not much has been recorded on the history of the patrol, Courtney believes the volunteers help mold the character of Bosque Farms.
"I consider it a privilege and an honor to recognize these folks," he said.
During his research, Courtney found that while the patrol group was formed out of need, the volunteers were by no means operating alone.
"They were part of a larger, cohesive law enforcement family," he said.
In the eight years it functioned, the patrol helped agencies such as the Bosque Farms Police Department, New Mexico State Police, Valencia County Sheriff's Office, and on at least one occasion the FBI and the mounted patrol.
"They didn't work in isolation. They protected and supported each other," Courtney said.
But even while they worked together in harmony, there was one thing just for the EVCCP. It's own exclusive 10 code — 10-101 for coffee.
-- Email the author at firstname.lastname@example.com.