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An electrolyte salt containing a clovoborate anion structure when employed in an electrochemical cell comprising an active metal anode and an electrolyte solvent/cathode depolarizer has the characteristics of high potential and current capabilities at low temperatures and resists anode passivation during long time storage even at elevated temperatures.
1. A composition of matter including a compound having a metal cation and a clovoborate anion as an electrolyte salt and a material selected from the group consisting of fluid oxyhalides, fluid non-metallic oxides, fluid non-metallic halides and mixtures thereof.
2. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein said metal is selected from the metals of the group Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba or combinations thereof.
3. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein said metal is lithium.
4. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein the clovoborate anion has a formula (Bm Xn)- k wherein m, n, and k are integers with m ranging from 6-20, n ranging from 6-18 and k ranging from 1-4, B is boron, and X is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH and combination thereof.
5. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein said clovoborate anion is B10 Cl10 =.
6. The composition of matter of claim 1, wherein said material is selected from the group of SO2, SO3, VOCl3, CrO2 Cl2, SO2 Cl2, NO2 Cl, NOCl, NO2, SeOCl2, POCl3, SOCl2, S2 Cl2, S2 Br2.
7. The composition of matter of claim 6, wherein said oxyhalide is SOCl2.
8. A composition of matter including Li2 B10 Cl10 and SOCl2.
9. An electrochemical cell including a metal anode, a cathode, and as electrolyte salt a salt including a metal cation and a clovoborate anion.
10. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein said metal anode is comprised of metals selected from the group Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba or combinations thereof.
11. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein said metal is Li.
12. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein said cathode comprises a cathode depolarizer.
13. The electrochemical cell of claim 12, wherein said cathode depolarizer comprises a material selected from a fluid, oxyhalide or a fluid non-metallic oxide or a fluid non-metallic halide and mixtures thereof.
14. The electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein said fluid oxyhalide or fluid non-metallic oxide or fluid non-metallic halide are selected from SO2, SO3, VOCl3, CrO2 Cl2, SO2 Cl2, NO2 CL, NOCl, NO2, SeOCl2, POCl3, SOCl2, S2 Cl2, and S2 Br2.
15. The electrochemical cell of claim 14, wherein said cathode depolarizer is SOCl2.
16. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein the cation of a metal is a cation of a metal selected from the group Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba along or combinations thereof.
17. The electrochemical cell of claim 16, wherein said metal is Li.
18. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein the clovoborate anion has a formula (Bm Xn)- k wherein m, n and k are integers with m ranging from 6-20, n ranging from 6-18 and k ranging from 1-4, B is boron, and x is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH and combinations thereof.
19. The electrochemical cell of claim 18, wherein X is a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I) or mixtures thereof.
20. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein the clovoborate anion is B10 Cl10 =.
21. The electrochemical cell of claim 9, wherein said electrolyte salt is Li2 B10 Cl10.
22. The electrochemical cell of claim 21, wherein said cathode is SOCl2 and said cathode and said electrolyte salt are present in a ratio such that the conductivity of the resulting electrolyte solution at 20� C is in the range of 4 � 10- 9 ohm- 1 cm- 1 to 1.0 � 10- 1 ohm- 1 cm- 1.
23. A method for transporting ions between an anode and a cathode comprising the steps of dissolving in a fluid an electrolyte salt having a metal cation and clovoborate anion, and electrically conductively connecting said anode and cathode.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein said metal as Li.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein the clovoborate anion has a formula (Bm Xn)- k wherein m, n and k are integers, B is boron, and X is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH and combinations thereof.
26. The method of claim 24, wherein said clovoborate anion is B10 Cl10 =.
This invention pertains to electrolytes employed in non-aqueous electrolytic cells and more particularly to cells utilizing a soluble cathode system in which a fluid oxyhalide or non-metallic oxide or non-metallic halide or mixtures thereof is or are both the electrolyte solvent and the primary active cathode substance.
Electrochemical cells for use as power sources, particularly in conjunction with hearing aids and other medical related devices, are known which employ soluble or liquid cathodes as opposed to the more conventional solid cathode cells. In such soluble cathode cells the active cathode material is usually the electrolyte solvent, or one of the co-solvents. During discharge, the solvent or co-solvents are electrochemically reduced on a current collector such as a screen, having applied thereto a mixture of an inert and electrically conductive material such as carbon black, graphite, or other electrical conductors of high surface area, and, preferably, including absorbing and binding agents. The anode for these cells is preferably lithium metal although other active metals above hydrogen in the activity scale or electromotive series including sodium, potassium, rubidium, calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium and cesium may be used either singly or in combination.
Soluble cathode cells based upon the utilization of lithium as the anode active metal and thionyl chloride (SOCl2) as both electrolyte solvent and soluble cathode and lithium aluminum chloride (LiAlCl4) as the electrolyte salt have been prepared with roughly the dimension of conventional "D" and "C" size cells, using a convolutely wound structure. "C" cells were observed to realize about 156 watt-hours per pound, about 11.6 watt-hours per cubic inch and up to about 93 watts per pound at about 3 volts potential per cell for freshly prepared cells. These high potentials and capacities make this type of cell particularly useful in devices requiring infrequent replacement of cells such as in heart pacemaker devices. However, several problems exist with this cell which presently militate against its widespread practical use.
One deficiency of the cells described above, using LiAlCl4 as the electrolyte salt, is that filled or activated cells which have been stored, particularly at elevated temperatures for extended periods of time, will exhibit an undesirable initiation period or delay time when discharge is attempted. This initiation, or delay time is due to passivation of the lithium anode, that is, formation of an electrically insulating film or layer over the lithium and its severity is dependent upon the conditions of storage. It has been observed that storage at about 72� C for about 4 days is sufficient to passivate the lithium anode to the extent that reverse polarization of the cell for several minutes may be necessary to sufficiently remove the insulating film or layer and reactivate the anode.
It is a feature of the present invention to provide an electrolyte salt as a method for ion transport including a cation of a metal and a clovoborate anion (for nomenclature, see R. Adams, Inorg. Chem. 2, 1087, (1963)). Another feature of the present invention is that the electrolyte salt is sufficiently soluble and stable in a fluid oxyhalide or non-metallic oxide or non-metallic halide and mixtures thereof to function in an electrochemical cell. Yet another feature of the present invention is that the electrolyte salt, when used in electrochemical cells, helps reduce capacity losses at low operating temperatures, helps reduce passivation of the metal anode, and thus helps reduce the voltage delay associated with start-up after storage at elevated temperatures. It is a further feature of the present invention to provide an electrochemical cell having as electrolyte salt a compound having (a) a cation of a metal and (b) a clovoborate anion with the formula (Bm Xn)- k, where m, n and k are integers, B is boron, and X is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I & OH wherein at least some of the substituents are halides and combinations thereof. The metal clovoborate can be used in combination with an electrolyte solvent selected from a fluid oxyhalide or non-metallic oxide or non-metallic halide or mixtures thereof. Another feature of the invention is a composition of matter including a cation of a metal and a clovoborate anion as an electrolyte salt and a material selected from a fluid oxyhalide or non-metallic oxide or non-metallic halide or mixtures thereof. These and various other features of the invention as well as many specific advantages will be more fully apparent from a detailed consideration of the remainder of this disclosure and the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a test cell structure including a lithium anode, thionyl chloride electrolyte solvent/cathode depolarizer and clovoborate electrolyte salt system;
FIGS. 2 and 3 show polarization data for the clovoborate electrolyte salt C size cells having different separators shortly after filling, on discharge at room temperature;
FIG. 4 is a discharge curve of prior art cells using LiAlCl4 as the electrolyte salt under low temperature conditions after high temperature storage.
FIG. 5 is a discharge curve of cells using the clovoborate electrolyte salt of the invention under the same conditions as the prior art cells shown in FIG. 4; and
FIG. 6 is a schematic drawing of a clovoborate structure.
Generally speaking, the present invention relates to an electrolyte salt containing a clovoborate anion whose closed caged structure is illustrated in FIG. 6 and a metal as the cation. The metal of the cation is selected from the metals Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba in Groups IA and IIA of the Periodic Table. This metal usually though not necessarily is the same as the metal of the anode of the electrical system in which the electrolyte is a component. Therefore in high energy density cells currently available the preferred metals would include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca). The clovoborate anion has the general formula (Bm Xn)- k where B is the element boron and m, n and k are integers and X can be selected from a wide range of elements and groups of elements which may also include organic groups alone or in combination. This wide range of possibilities may be attributed essentially to the structure of the clovoborate anion which because of its caged structure is stable and resistant to degradation. The substituent groups on the caged boron structure may control, to some extent, the usefulness of the salt as an electrolyte salt. As examples of several clovoborate salts useful in electrochemical cells and the like, X in the above formula is preferably selected from the halogens (F, Cl, Br and I) but can also be H or OH preferably in combination with halogen or halogens. The halogenated form of the clovoborate anion appears to provide more advantageous results than the hydride form because where X is hydrogen rather than a halogen, the B-X bond appears less stable, but all nevertheless embody the concepts of the invention. With the halogen and hydrogen forms of the clovoborate anion just mentioned, the preferable forms would be those in which m and n of the above formula are integers selected from the group of 6-20 for M and 6-18 for n. Most preferably m and n are both 6, 9, 10, 11 or 12. Generally both m and n are the same, but in some cases they may differ because of cage linkups. The integer k may range from 1-4 but preferably is 2. As a single embodiment a presently preferred composition is where X is chlorine and m and n are both 10. This composition is quite useful as an electrolyte salt in electrochemical cells. In particular, the composition is especially useful when used as an electrolyte salt in an electrochemical cell containing a metal anode such as lithium and an electrolyte solvent cathode depolarizer material such as thionyl chloride. When the composition is used in an electrochemical cell, it is presently preferred that the metal of the cation be the same as the active metal of the anode in order to help prevent, among other things, the formation of extraneous salts upon electrical discharge. Thus, for example, when a lithium anode is used, it is preferred that the composition used as the electrolyte salt includes a cation of lithium.
Use of an electrolyte salt embodying the concepts of the invention in an electrochemical cell having a lithium anode and thionyl chloride electrolyte solvent/soluble cathode depolarizer provides a cell capable of operating under heavy load conditions at low temperatures with minimal start-up delay even after extended periods of storage at elevated temperatures.
The preferred concentration of electrolyte salt in a thionyl chloride electrolyte solvent/cathode depolarizer is such that the conductivity lies within a useful range. A preferred embodiment would be a percentage ranging between about 10 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of the total weight of the electrolyte salt and cathode depolarizer combination. The presently most preferred concentration is about 12 wt. % electrolyte salt. At 20� C, the conductivity of pure SOCl2 is 3.5 � 10- 9 ohm- 1 cm- 1. Thus the ratio of SOCl2 to the electrolyte salt would be such that the conductivity of the preferred electrolyte solution would thus be in the range of 4.0 � 10- 9 to 1.0 � 10- 1 ohm- 1 cm- 1 at 20� C.
In thionyl type cells with lithium anodes, specific presently preferred salts known and characterized in the chemical literature include Li2 B10 Cl10, Li2 B10 Br10, Li2 B10 I10, Li2 B12 Cl12, Li2 B12 Br12, Li2 B12 I12, Li2 B6 Br6, and Li2 B12 Br8 F4. Less preferred salts include Li2 B9 Cl8 H, Li2 B9 Br6 H3, Li2 B11 Br9 H2, Li2 B12 H8 F4, Li2 B12 H7 F5, and Li2 B12 H6 F6 and Li2 B12 F11 OH.
The electrolyte salts of the present invention are also useful in electrochemical cells utilizing a solvent selected from a fluid oxyhalide, or non-metallic oxide or non-metallic halide and mixtures thereof such as phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3), selenium oxychloride (SeOCl2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur trioxide (SO3), vanadium oxytrichloride VOCl3, chromyl chloride (CrO2 Cl2), sulfuric oxychloride (SO2 Cl2), Nitryl chloride (NO2 Cl), nitrosyl chloride (NOCl), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur monochloride (S2 Cl2) and sulfur monobromide (S2 Br2). Each of the above can be used together with thionyl chloride (SOCl2) as electrolyte solvent/cathode depolarizer or separately. Cosolvents or solvents other than SOCl2 may also be electrochemically reduced on the cathode, but this reduction will not occur at the same potential as that for SOCl2. Cosolvents will thus alter the energy density of such cells, either lowering it or raising it depending upon the solvent or cosolvent chosen. However, co-solvents may be necessary or useful in improving high and low temperature characteristics of the cell or in modifying properties of the system.
Fluid oxyhalides such as phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3), fluid non-metallic oxides of fluid non-metallic halides or mixtures thereof may entirely replace thionyl chloride, SOCl2, for the purposes of the present invention even though the discharge voltage may be generally lower.
Halogenated clovoborate anion and, in particular, the anion having the formula B10 Cl10 - - are generally prepared by the halogenation of the hydride form of the corresponding anion having the general formula (Bn Hn)=. The preparation of the clovoborate anion B10 H10 = has been discussed by Hawthorne and Muetterties and their co-workers in a series of articles appearing in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 5519 (1959); 84, 1056 (1962); 84, 1057 (1962). The formation of B12 H12 = was reported and discussed by Ellis, Gaines and Schaeffer (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 3885 (1963), by Miller, Miller, and Muetterties (idem.) and by Adams, Siedle, and Grant (Inorg. Chem. 3, 461 (1964). B10 H10 = and B12 H12 = is disclosed by Muetterties and co-workers in Inorg. Chem. 3, 159 (1964). Examples of the halogenated anions include (B12 X12)=, (B10 X10)=, and (B6 Br6 )= (observation by W. R. Hertler in article by Klanberg, Muetterties, Inorg. Chem. 5, 1955 (1966)) where X is a halogen i.e. fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine. The anions having n = 6, 10, 12 are more resistant to degradation as a result of more stable bonding and thus are preferred for purposes of the present invention.
The subject matter of all of the articles and references set forth herein is incorporated into the disclosure by reference thereto.
FIG. 6 shows the caged structure of the stable B10 clovoborate anion with the boron atoms depicted and numbered. The caged structure remains substantially the same with other constituents including halogens replacing some or all of the original hydrogens.
The cells utilizing the novel electrolyte according to this invention are constructed with cathode current collectors of acetylene black with a Teflon binder applied to a nickel screen. Teflon is a trademark registered by E. I. du Pont De Nemours Company, Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A. After treating the screen to insure proper adherence of the acetylene black, the cells are assembled. Typical cells can be constructed in the "C" and "D" configurations using flat lithium metal anodes and separators of borosilicate glass fibers. The cathode current collectors for cell of the "C" configuration should preferably measure about 81/2 inches � 11/2 inches and each contain from 1 to 1.6 grams of acetylene black applied to the nickel screen. The anode, separator, and cathode current collector strip assembly are then convolutely wound for insertion into a container for the cell.
Because of the various properties discovered in cells using the novel electrolyte of this invention several test cells are used to determine more precisely those properties. Thus, test cells of standard D size are utilized in testing the low temperature capabilities of the cells after extended high temperature storage while cells of the standard C size are used in ambient temperature start-up characteristics determinations. Both sizes are constructed as above with the C size cells having Teflon cases and rubber seals and the D cells having metal cases and glass seals. Cell size, does not however affect cell performance except for total capacity.
The invention will be more fully described by the following examples, wherein EXAMPLE 1 describes the preparation of Li2 B10 Cl10 as an example of the halogenated salts of this invention. EXAMPLE 2 describes the preparation and handling of an electrolyte containing the Li2 B10 Cl10 dissolved in thionyl chloride for utilization in electrochemical energy generating cells. EXAMPLE 2 additionally shows the stable nature of the salt when dissolved in the thionyl chloride. It is postulated that the salt is substantially soluble and ionically dissociates in the thionyl chloride through formation of a complex between the anion and the SOCl2. The anion is the active principle of this invention, and is also believed to be the agent which helps prevent the passivation of the lithium anode.
EXAMPLE 3 describes the preparation of the C size cells according to this invention (the D size cells are prepared in basically the same manner) and the initial discharge characteristics of the C cells. EXAMPLE 3 demonstrates that the electrolyte of the present invention when added to the aforementioned cell functions both as a useful electrolyte and as a soluble cathode or depolarizer. EXAMPLE 4 demonstrates the low temperature characteristics of the D cell using the novel electrolyte of this invention as compared to the performance of prior art cells.
EXAMPLE 5 demonstrates, in tabular form, the discharge characteristics of the cells according to this invention and those of the prior art after prolonged periods of storage at 72� C. EXAMPLE 5 demonstrates that the start-up delay for cells according to the present invention is shorter and less severe than cells using LiAlCl4 as the dissolved conductive species for the electrolyte.
It is understood that the attached examples are merely exemplary and that all art recognized equivalents of the materials may be utilized and that such interchangeable utilization of equivalents is intended to be within the scope of this invention.
It may be further noted, that the invention may be practiced with other metal anodes. In such circumstances, the specific active metal salts of such active metals with the halogenated clovoborate anions preferably may be substituted, but the lithium salts may also be used.
The preparation of novel electrolytically conductive lithium halogenated clovoborate salts is exemplified by the preparation of Li2 B10 Cl10 :
The anion B10 Cl10 =is prepared starting with decaborane, B10 H14. About 5 grams of B10 H14 (41 millimoles) are dissolved in about 30 ml. of anhydrous benzene in a 200 ml round bottom flask. In a separate vessel about 14.5 ml of distilled triethylamine (104 mm) and about 35 ml of anhydrous benzene are mixed. The mixture is then added slowly to the flask containing the solution of decaborane and the total mixture is refluxed for about 16 to about 24 hours. After this time, a white solid separated whose composition is (NEt3 H)2 B10 H10, i.e. the bistriethylammonium salt of the anion B10 H10 =. The procedure to this point is described by M. F. Hawthorne and A. R. Pitochelli (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 5519, (1959)).
The B10 H10 = anion is then chlorinated in aqueous solution and the B10 H10 = is transformed to B10 Cl10 = by the following procedure which differs from the one described by Muetteries et al (Inorganic Chem. 3, 159, (1964)) in that higher concentrations in the order of 2.5 � 10- 1 M and the sodium salt are used in place of the ammonium salt and lower concentrations in the reference in the order of 4.3 � 10- 4 M.
About 6.45 grams (40 mm) of (NEt3 H)2 B10 H10 are dissolved in a solution of about 3.52 grams of NaOH (88 mm, a 10% excess) in about 60 ml of water. The released triethylamine is removed first by using a separatory funnel, then by using the funnel and washing the solution with several 30 ml portions of benzene. The remaining solution is then adjusted to about pH 5 using acetic acid, and diluted to about 160 ml with water. Chlorine gas is then slowly introduced into the agitated solution. After about 12 to 15 hours, excess chlorine is removed by boiling from the resultant deep green solution. An aqueous solution of about 12.3 ml of triethylamine (88 mm) in a slight excess of 6 M hydrochloric acid is then added to the reaction vessel. The slightly soluble salt (NEt3 H)2 B10 Cl10 is precipitated and is then filtered and washed to remove sodium chloride, sodium acetate, hydrochloric acid and water.
The lithium salt is then prepared and purified by the following method:
About 2.11 grams of lithium hydroxide (88 mm) are dissolved in 50 ml of water. About 26.7 grams (40 mm) of (NEt3 H)2 B10 Cl10 are then introduced and dissolved. The released triethylamine is extracted with about three 50 ml portions of benzene. The aqueous solution is then acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid while agitating. The remaining amine precipitates and is filtered to substantially remove it from the solution. The solution is then made basic again with a slight excess of solid LiOH. About 4.2 grams (100 mm) of lithium chloride are then dissolved in the basic solution and the solution is mixed with about 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran in a separatory funnel. The lighter phase then contains essentially all of the desired product, along with some water and lithium chloride. This phase is mixed with one gram of solid lithium chloride. The salt removes most of the water from the ethereal solution, forming a heavier aqueous phase which is removed. The process is repeated until solid lithium chloride remains after mixing and standing. The lighter phase after separation from all solids and droplets of aqueous phase is then transferred to a 100 ml flask which includes a small fractionating column leaving an azeotropic mixture of THF and water with the dissolved desired product. Fractional distillation of the mixture results in the removal of the wet azeotrope of the THF and water at a temperature of 64� C, rendering the solution gradually drier. Crystals of the product form as the liquid distilled from the flask is replaced with dry tetrahydrofuran. These are filtered and washed with dry tetrahydrofuran, then dried at about 160� C (available oven temperature) for about 48 hours. The resulting Li2 B10 Cl10 crystals are checked for purity by infrared spectroscopy.
The preparation of electrolyte including thionyl chloride soluble cathode material:
A solution is prepared by dissolving about 3 grams of Li2 B10 Cl10 in about 12 ml distilled thionyl chloride, refluxing in a glass vessel with strips of freshly cut lithium for about 2 hours, then adding distilled thionyl chloride to a total volume of about 25 ml. The resulting mixture is deep violet in color and contains no precipitate. The bistriethylammonium salts of substituted clovoborate anions are only slightly soluble in water and may be easily recovered by precipitation. a sample of this amine salt is prepared in water from the original Li2 B10 Cl10 and another from a hydrolized aliquot of the solution Li2 B10 Cl10 in thionyl chloride. The two samples produced substantially identical infrared spectra, demonstrating that no harmful substitution or alternation of the anion occurs during reflux in SOCl2 with lithium metal present. After hydrolysis, the solution of Li2 B10 Cl10 in water was colorless, suggesting that the color is produced by a complex formation between the anion and SOCl2.
FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of the electrochemical test cell assembly used for testing the electrochemical generator of this invention. The test cells having C and D cell size configuration are substantially alike with the C cells being described as follows and the D cells differing by having metal cases and glass seals instead of the Teflon casing and rubber seals used in the C size test cell:
The assembly as shown in FIG. 1 consists of an aluminum cell holder 2 holding the cell elements consisting of Teflon cell body 3 and Teflon cover 4 enclosing and sealing via O-ring 6 of neoprene and helically wound electrode stack 5. The electrode stack 5 consists of cathode collector sheet 8 of nickel expanded metal mesh and lithium ribbon 9 separated from each other by separator mats 7. The electrode stack is convolutely wound. The dimensions are selected so that the wound stack assembly 5 has the approximate dimensions of a commercial C cell, i.e. 0.90 inches in diameter and 1.75 inches in height.
As the electrolyte and the anode are air-sensitive the cell and its elements are sealed from the external environment by the o-ring 6 and electrode septums 15 for cathode terminal 12 and anode terminal 13 respectively which reach the exterior of the cell through the insulating screws 14. The terminals are connected via cathode lead 10 and anode lead 11 respectively to the cathode and anode elements 8 and 9.
The electrolyte is introduced into the cell via electrolyte fill port 16 through the self-sealing neoprene septum 18 and about 25 ml of the electrolyte are used to fill the cell.
The test cell is provided with a lithium reference electrode 17, similar to the feed throughs 14, to monitor electrode polarization. The anode 9 in the test cell contains about 6 ampere hours of lithium.
The open circuit potential of the Li/SOCl2 cells of both the prior art and this invention is about 3.62 � 0.05 volts.
When the electrolyte according to EXAMPLE 2 is introduced into the above described cell having glass fiber separators between the anode 9 and the cathode collector 8 such cells show the polarization potentials under loads as in FIG. 2. When polypropylene separators are substituted for the glass fiber separators such cells exhibit the polarization potentials at the different loads as shown in FIG. 3.
Low temperature characteristics of cells using the novel electrolyte of this invention as compared to prior art cells:
All of the cells used were of standard D size and stored for either 1 month of 4 weeks at 72� C. The cells were cooled to -30� C for 2 hours prior to discharge.
Prior art cells using LiAlCl4 as the electrolyte performed as depicted in FIG. 4 at various constant current loads. The electrolyte consists of about 1 Molar LiAlCl4 in SOCl2 as the only solvent.
The discharge curve of cell A is taken under a load of about 0.25 amperes.
The discharge curve of cell B is taken under a load of about 1.00 amperes.
As shown in FIG. 4, cell B required about 0.8 amphours, or about 0.8 hours, or 48 minutes before its terminal potential recovered above zero volts. Cell A delayed to about 2.4 volts for several seconds and this delay is not shown in FIG. 4.
In comparison substantially identical cells using the novel electrolyte with 0.4333 N Li2 B10 Cl10 in SOCl2 only, are discharged after storage at about 72� C for 1 month.
Cell D which discharges at a rate of 1 ampere delayed to about 2.6 volts, but recovered to about 3.3 volts in less than 1 second. Cell C which discharges at a rate of about 0.25 amp did not drop below 3 volts on startup. FIG. 5 shows the above-mentioned cells with the novel clovoborate electrolyte during the rest of their discharge. The discharge curve of cell C shows that this cell which runs at about 0.25 amp realizes about 4.8 amp hours before the output drops to 2 volts. This cell has a running potential above 2.75 volts. In contrast the prior art cell A discharged at this rate realizes only 3.5 amp hours to about 2 volts and has a less desirable sloping discharge curve (FIG. 4). The cell containing Li2 B10 Cl10 functions well at 1 amp in marked contrast to the functioning of cell B which uses LiAlCl4 (FIG. 4).
Room temperature discharge characteristics after about 72� C storage as compared to prior art cells:
Test cells are constructed in the size C configuration for both the prior art material containing about 1.5 M LiAlCl4 in SOCl2 only, as the electrolyte and electrolyte solvent respectively, and the cells utilizing the novel electrolyte of this invention in the concentration of about 0.50 N Li2 B10 Cl10 in SOCl2 only. All the cells are discharged at about 0.50 amp constant current at room temperature following storage.
The following tables illustrate advantages of cells utilizing the novel electrolyte of this invention particularly when compared to cells utilizing the electrolyte, LiAlCl4, of the prior art. Table I shows the recovery time when discharged at ambient temperature for prior art cells when stored at about 72� C for varying lengths of time without any discharge before storage.
Table II shows the prior art cells' recovery time after being discharged at about 0.5 amp constant current for an hour prior to storage at about 72� C.
Table III shows the recovery time for cells using the novel electrolyte containing the clovoborate anion of this invention after discharge for a short period of time shown in FIG. 2 & 3 prior to storage which discharge was performed to obtain the polarization curve of FIGS. 2 & 3.
*TABLE I______________________________________LiAlCl4 -electrolyte salt in SOCl2 STORAGE STORAGE TIME TO RECOVERCELL TIME TEMPERATURE TO 2 VOLTS______________________________________1 4 DAYS 72� C 15 SECONDS2 4 DAYS 72� C 200 SECONDS3 5 DAYS 72� C 40 SECONDS4 6 DAYS 72� C 300 SECONDS______________________________________
*TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________LiAlCl4 -electrolyte salt in SOCl2 with storage after1 hour of discharge TIME TO RECOVER RECOVERY TIMECELL STORAGE TIME STORAGE TEMPERATURE 2 VOLTS TO THREE VOLTS__________________________________________________________________________5 3 DAYS 72� C 70 SECONDS 295 SECONDS6 4 DAYS 72� C 25 SECONDS --7 6 DAYS 72� C 50 SECONDS --__________________________________________________________________________
*TABLE III__________________________________________________________________________Li2 B10 Cl10 -electrolyte salt in SOCl2 with storageafter short discharge time TIME TO RECOVER RECOVERY TIMECELL STORAGE TIME STORAGE TEMPERATURE 2 VOLTS TO THREE VOLTS__________________________________________________________________________8 11 DAYS 72� C 0 280 SECONDS9 4 DAYS 72� C 0 1 SECOND__________________________________________________________________________ *Discharge for tables I, II and III was at ambient temperature and 0.5 amps constant current.
From a comparison between Tables I and II it is evident that discharge prior to storage will improve the time needed for recovery of those cells to 2 volts. However, a comparison between Tables II and III shows that though both are discharged prior to storage the recovery capabilities of the cells using the novel electrolyte of this invention are far greater than those of the prior art. In fact, the only cell with LiAlCl4 which recovered past 3 volts was cell 5, stored the least amount of time. Cell 5 still required 295 seconds to recover, while cell 9 with Li2 B10 Cl10 although stored one day longer required only about 1 second to recover past three volts.
Thus, it is clear that after storage at elevated temperatures electrolyte salts containing clovoborate anions with SOCl2 as the electrolyte solvent and soluble cathode produce substantially less start-up delay than comparable cells using a LiAlCl4 - SOCl2 system, and this does not result from discharge prior to storage.
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State Senator Tim Keller has introduced proposed legislation to revamp the way Commissioners at the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission are selected. Following a series of scandals, including felony convictions of two of...more
In an interview with Las Cruces Sun News, newly appointed Public Regulation Commissioner Doug Howe stated he supports a number of the recommendations made by "Think New Mexico" for restructuring the New Mexico regulatory...more
On Monday, November 7, 2011, NM Governor Susana Martinez appointed Independent Dr. Douglas Howe to the open seat on the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission ("PRC"). Dr. Howe, a consultant with IHS Cambridge Energy...more
On Thursday, October 13, 2011, the New Mexico Supreme Court heard oral arguments in two cases challenging the state statutes on domestic wells. The cases essentially challenge the Constitutionality of several state statutes...more
On Thursday, October 6, 2011, Jerome Block Jr. submitted his resignation of his seat on the New Mexico Public Regulation Commission. The resignation becomes effective at 3:00 p.m. on Friday, October 7. The resignation was...more
New Mexico's State Engineer, John D'Antonio, announced on Tuesday, October 4, that he would be resigning from his job as the state's top water official and would be taking a job with his former employer, the Army Corps of...more
On Wednesday, September 28, 2011, New Mexico Public Regulation Commissioner Jerome Block, Jr. pled guilty to felony charges concerning misuse of campaign funds, misuse of his PRC gas credit charge and other offenses. The...more
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Had a Run-in With the Hair Police? You Need HairDini
A Healthy Bite: Christina Ricci
Jennifer Love Hewitt Loses Weight Via an Infomercial
Bella Quiz: Celebrity Infomercials, Part II
Bella Quiz: Celebrity Infomercials
How to Have Ripped Abs and a Couple Beers Too
Another Excuse Not to Exercise
I Don't Buy It: Ab Rocket
"As Seen on TV" Put to the Test
Lame Children's Songs: New and Improved!
Finally! An Infomercial That Knows It's a Joke
Ellen's Hawaii Chair Workout


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Company Profile
DCS Copy Protection Ltd Limited (DCS) is a technology company that designs and develops proprietary copy protection technologies for a wide range of pre-recorded material. It specializes in addressing the vulnerability to piracy of analogue outputs in consumer electronic devices like DVD players and set-top boxes.
DCS' patented technology inhibits the unauthorized recording of copyrighted content, specifically feature films, through analogue outputs. Typically DCS' products are licensed to prevent unauthorized copying of movies through Video on Demand.
The problem of illegal copying has been quantified internationally as costing the major entertainment companies billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. DCS' focus is on illegal consumer copying.
DCS' products are the most effective in the marketplace. They give a clearer TV picture when the protected content is played legally and they give a higher level of distortion when the protected content is illegally copied and played. DCS' patented technology achieves this level of effectiveness for both the NTSC and PAL standards.
DCS prides itself on its strong working relationships with all of the major Hollywood Studios, the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) and other industry bodies.
DCS has changed the dynamics of the relationship between Studios and copy protection companies. DCS' has formed working partnerships with each of the Studios. DCS' focus is on understanding the Studio's requirements for new copy protection technologies and new business models. DCS' business objective is to use this knowledge to develop cost effective products that prevent piracy.
DCS is extending this partnership to content service providers, consumer electronics companies and technology providers. DCS is actively listening to their requirements so that DCS' copy protection compliments their technology.
DCS has assembled a team of experienced and accomplished industry professionals to achieve its goals. They combine experience in developing businesses on an international basis and in developing world class technologies.
DCS has forged links with universities, research facilities and the academic community to insure its products use modern, state of the art principals and do not rely on outdated technologies.
DCS Copy Protection Ltd is a UK registered company (Co No 4667708). Our registered office is at Beckside Design Centre, Station Road, Steeton, Keighley, West Yorkshire, BD20 6QW, UK.


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The Washington Wizards hold the number one pick of the 2010 NBA Draft after winning the lottery.
This now holds questions.
Should the Wizards take John Wall? Should they take someone else? Should they take someone they need on their team?
All of these are questions for this Washington team, and with many more to come as the draft is over a month away.
I have my own opinion here.
Washington, stop going for the needs and stick with the talent right now. Pick the best player. And we all know how that is.
John Wall.
So what if Gilbert Arenas is a point guard? In my opinion, I always thought of the guy as more of a shooting guard type. Arenas and Wall paired up? Oh my god, do you realize how great of a combo that is!
There's also been a rumor that Chris Bosh might come to Washington. But I'm not for sure yet on that one.
But anyways, the Wizards already have a good crew and adding John Wall makes it nothing but only better. Wall is looking for a bright future and the Wizards will have one of the strongest guard-combos in the league in the next few years.
Washington, draft John Wall.
Get the talent.


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Connect to this Database
If you're looking for the official version of U.S. federal documents, this is the place to find it.
GPO's Federal Digital System (FDsys) provides free online access to official publications from all three branches of the Federal Government. Examples of materials included in FDsys are as follows:
Budget of the United States Government
Code of Federal Regulations
Coastal Zone Information Center
Compilation of Presidential Documents
Congressional Bills
Congressional Calendars
Congressional Committee Prints
Congressional Directory
Congressional Documents
Congressional Hearings
Congressional Record
Congressional Record (Bound Edition)
Congressional Record Index
Congressional Reports
Economic Indicators
Economic Report of the President
Education Reports from ERIC
Federal Register
History of Bills
House Rules and Manual
Journal of the House of Representatives
GAO Reports and Comptroller General Decisions
List of CFR Sections Affected
Privacy Act Issuances
Public and Private Laws
Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States
Senate Manual
United States Code
United States Courts Opinions
United States Government Manual
United States Statutes at Large


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Adams exhibit explores forces of natureWritten by John Dorsey | | firstname.lastname@example.com
Famed landscape photographer Ansel Adams may have died in 1984, but he is with us in spirit. His work will grace the walls of the Toledo Museum of Art in an upcoming exhibit, "Ansel Adams: Visions of the West."
This intimate exhibition of 39 works of art consists of photographs from the Toledo Museum of Art's collection, as well as loans from private collectors. Highlights include "Monolith, the Face of Half Dome," "El Capitan," "Winter" and one of Adams' most legendary images, "Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico."
Adams, a native of San Francisco, produced more than 40,000 photographs during his career of more than 60 years.
"We're very honored to have the work of Ansel Adams here at the TMA," said Sara Stacy, marketing assistant for the museum.
Adams is known primarily for his black and white photographs of California's Yosemite Valley, many of which will be part of the museum's exhibition. He also invented the zone system, a technique that allows photographers to translate the light they see into specific densities on negatives and paper, thus giving them better control over finished photographs.
This exhibition is free to the public and on view in TMA's Gallery 18 from June 30 through Sept. 24.
ON THE WEB: www.toledomuseum.org


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The Video Guy
Started more than nine years ago at The Olympian, The Video Guy column is a weekly look at films from a "regular guy's" perspective. I have no formal training as a critic, other than I've seen a lot of movies and have a lot of opinions, but I'll do my best to give you an idea of what's out there and whether it's worth your time.
Monthly Archive for September, 2012
The Cabin in the Woods: Enter if you dare
It's practically impossible to discuss THE CABIN IN THE WOODS (R, 4 stars) without spoiling many of the film's sly secrets, but don't be fooled at all by the movie's bait-and-switch marketing campaign. From the opening frames, "Cabin" is quick to signify that it's not your typical horror flick. Of course, it's also impossible to […] [Read More]
What's in a name?
When Jean-Claude Van Damme comes out with a new movie, it's a holiday at Video Guy HQ. Needless to say, I was eagerly anticipating the arrival of JCVD's latest, 6 BULLETS (R, 2 1/2 stars), a perfectly fine bit of B-level action that could have used more … JCVD. But after watching it, I'm still […] [Read More]
Quick take: Piranha DD
What's that, you say? You don't remember a movie called "Piranha D"? Well, you'd be correct – no such movie exists. It's just an example of the slipshod thinking from the people behind the execrable PIRANHA 3DD (R, zero stars), who couldn't figure out how to name their cheaply made sequel for the home video market, […] [Read More]
Safe: Statham's simple formula for mayhem
Going to see a Jason Statham movie is like enjoying a nice bowl of soup – sure, it's not as revelatory as experiencing a lush dinner from a five-star restaurant, but at the end, you still feel warm and satiated. After the D.O.A. box office from SAFE (R, 3 1/2 stars) I went in thinking […] [Read More]


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The Oakland Standard
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The Oakland Standard is a series of contemporary art projects produced by the Oakland Museum of California. Ranging from experimental exhibitions to blogs, from workshops to meals, the projects explore innovative ways to engage audiences. Oakland Standard programs nurture inquisitiveness, and support the creativity of artists and the public.
To reach us with questions, suggestions, comments, or gentle abuse, email: email@example.com
The Oakland Standard is proudly produced in Oakland, and generously supported by The James Irvine Foundation.
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Our term 3 starts the week beginning Monday 27 July with the exception of Pillans Point School and Thursday adult contemporary which start 23 July and Advanced Acro which starts 24 July.
About Rise Dance Co:
These are not your formally structured ballet classes!
Rise Dance Co is a Tauranga based dance school teaching over 600 students weekly. Our belief is that everyone should dance regardless of age, ability or gender and that dancing should, first and foremost, be fun.
We have classes for 2 year olds right through to adults with special classes for preschoolers, teens, boys & adults.
We teach Hip Hop, Acro Dance, Jazz, Ballet & Contemporary and have venues in Tauranga, Mount Maunganui & Papamoa as well as teaching in 16 schools.
Exams?? No way!!!
Children have enough going on at school and are pressured at an increasingly young age to excel and compete. Rise Dance Co offers a positive, respectful environment where students can come and experience dance simply for the fun and enjoyment of it. For those who need more of a challenge or are considering dance as a career we encourage them to audition for our competition and performance groups.
We also offer intensive workshops throughout the year and choreographic competitions for those interested.
Uniforms?? No thanks!!!
When you dance you need to feel completely comfortable, wear what you want, we don't think leotards are going to make you a better dancer!
(Correct footwear for ballet, jazz and tap are however necessary).
Public or School classes – what's the difference?
School classes are immediately before or after school or at lunchtime. Public classes are after school or during the weekend.
School classes are less technical in nature so are better suited to those with no or little dance experience. Public classes are more technical and our expectation of students is higher therefore better suited to students with some experience or who have a strong interest in dance.
School classes are less expensive but are slightly shorter than public classes. We take fewer students in our public classes than our school classes.
Please note that if you have not come to class for the full year (eg you joined in terms 2 or 3 or swapped classes during the year) you may not be able to perform in the entire dance/s your group is performing in.
Some school groups will have another opportunity to perform to their peers when we do our schools' tour in November and December (as will some of the Public groups).
Quite often students who start in school classes progress on to our Public classes or do them both!
Prices per 8 week term (2015):
'School' classes: $75
'Public' classes:
Classes of 40 or 45 minutes duration - $90 for 8 weeeks
Classes of one hour duration - $110 for 8 weeks
Classes of one & a quarter hours duration- $130 for 8 weeks
Classes of one & a half hours duration- $150 for 8 weeks
Classes of one & three quarter hours duration - $170 for 8 weeks
Sign me up!!!
See class times and venues from the dropdown 'TIMETABLES' at the top of this page.
To enrol select 'DANCE CLAS INFO & ENROL' from the top menu and follow the links.
If you require any further information please contact us.
What else?
Rise Dance Co are the leading providers of Zumba Fitness in the Western Bay of Plenty. With 12 Zumba fitness classes a week at 8 different locations there really is no excuse not to get fit in an encouraging, friendly environment. Zumba Tauranga (as we are known) provide morning, evening & weekend classes as well as toning.
For further details select 'Zumba Classes' under the Timetables tab at the top of this page.
Shop online for awesome dance products! We pride ourselves on stocking dance wear with a difference – why blend in when you can stand out?
We have our own cost effective shoe range as well as stocking Paul Wright branded footwear and RAD and BBO syllabus leotards and clothing.
Click on the 'SHOP' tab at the top of this page to shop til your heart's content!
Alternatively come and visit our pretty little store in the quaint, peaceful surrounds of The Historic Village on 17th Avenue, Tauranga.
Our hours are: Mondays 10.30-2.30, Tuesdays 10-4.30, Wednesdays 10-4.30, Thursdays Closed, Fridays 10-4.30.


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Product Description
In capacities ranging from 4GB–64GB, microSDHC/SDXC cards offer higher storage for more music, more videos, more pictures, more games — more of everything you need in today's mobile world. The microSDHC and microSDXC cards allow you to maximise today's revolutionary mobile devices. Kingston's microSDHC/SDXC cards use a speed "class" rating that guarantees a minimum data transfer rate for optimum performance with devices that use microSDHC/SDXC. Identical in physical size to a standard microSD card, the microSDHC and microSDXC cards are designed to comply with the SD Card Specification and are recognised only by microSDHC or microSDXC host devices. They can be used as full-size SDHC/SDXC cards together with the included adapter. To ensure compatibility, look for the microSDHC, microSDXC or SDHC/SDXC logos on host devices (e.g., phones, tablets and cameras) Wherever you find yourself in the mobile world, you can rely on Kingston's microSDHC/SDXC cards. All cards are 100 per cent tested and are backed by a lifetime warranty.
Box Contains
1 x Micro SD 32GB Card
1 x apaptoer to full SD
1 x apaptoer to full SD


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The Studio Apartment Description
In case you're a couple or a single person looking for an apartment, you might find our Luxury Studio Apartment appropriate for your needs. This Koh Tao apartment is a 45 sq. meters fully furnished open space, divided into a comfy living room and sleeping area, a fully equipped kitchenette and a stunning private roof-covered balcony. Like all our other Koh Tao Accommodation, it offers an amazing view to the bay. Just 10 minutes walk from Sairee Beach.
Facilities of the Studio Apartment
- Free Wi-Fi
- Cable 32″ LCD TV
- Minibar
- Safe Box
- Air-Conditioning & Ceiling Fans in each room
- Hot Shower (incl. luxurious rain showerhead)
- King-size Bed
- Fully-equipped Kitchen
- Private Roof-covered Balcony
- Mosquito nets on all windows
- Daily housekeeping (for daily rentals)
- Free Transfer to/from the Pier at Koh Tao
Book Koh Tao Heights Studio Apartments Now
Photo Gallery of the Studio Apartment


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- Research By Topic
- Student Programs
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- About CSI
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Center for
Change lives. Change organizations. Change the world.
Craigconnects helps link people who are working for the common good with effective nonprofits and organizations that get the job done. It does so by highlighting nonprofits that are making an impact in a variety of social areas. In this audio interview with Stanford Center for Social Innovation correspondent Ashkon Jafari, Craigslist founder Craig Newmark tells us about how he started CraigConnects, chose areas to support, and selected nonprofits to focus on. He outlines the enterprise's activities and vision for the future. He also discusses how he has been using social media to get the word out.
Craig Newmark earned his bachelor's and master's in computer science from Case Western Reserve University. He worked with IBM for 17 years, and then moved to GM, Bank of America, and Charles Schwab until the late 1990s. In 1995, he started helping his friends out by putting information online about events in San Francisco; that project became Craigslist, now one of the 10 most-visited English language web platforms on the planet.


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It looks like you're new here. If you want to get involved, click one of these buttons!
I've been seriously running since February. I'm up to about 10 miles at about a 7:30 minute pace, 3 days a week. Recently I've been developing some knee pain on the inner portion of both knees, but mostly the right kneww. It does not seem to be consistant with "runner's knee", so I am reaching out to see if anyone can give any advice. I'm still able to run with little to no pain, however, during stretching and resting period, they seem to be Nagging most of the time. Thanks!


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for bookings :Bernie II 815-690-7649
mailing address:
Polka Generations 359 E. Munroe Bourbonnais, IL 60914
Don't forget when ordering your Polka Generation merchandise we now accept Visa/MC
last updated: 6/24/2015
359 E MunroeBourbonnais, IL 60914ph: firstname.lastname@example.com
Polka Generations began its journey in the winter of 2009. After having many different bands over the years; Bernie Gorak II finally succeded in putting the right combination of musicians together to form what is now Polka Generations. The Polka Generations feature "3" Generations of the Gorak Family playing in this band (Father-drums-trumpet-vocals, Son-bass-drums-concertina & Grandson-concertina-drums-bass-vocals), matched with the outstanding vocals & clarinet/sax playing of Mr. John Jaworski & Mr. Kevin Altenburg on Trumpet, Concertina, Bass and VocalsTake a few moments to browse our site and check the schedule to see when we will be in your area. Don't forget to check out our web store for our recordings and other fine products.Hope to see you out in "polkaland" in the very near future!!
In addition to playing polkas, obereks & waltzs we might will surprise you & throw in a few pop tunes as well.
Below are some of the great oragnizations we have played for:
United States Polka Association, International Polka Association, American Polka Association, Patrick Henry, Keith Stras' (KNC Entertains), Cleveland Polka Association, Lets Polka USA Club,
Southside Polish Fest- Toyota Park Bridegview, IL
Pulaski Days- Grand Rapids, MI
Kuzman's Lounge Youngstown, Ohio
Conneaut Lake Polka Festival- (PA)
PRCUA Hall Wyandotte, MI
WI Dells Polish Festival
WI Dells Music Festival
Polish Constiution Day Parade Downtown Chicago
Lake Geneva Polka Fest
International Polka Association Winter Fest
Lockport, IL Festival of Bands
Friendship Park Toledo, OH.
Las Vegas, NV-Orleans Hotel
Rock N Rail Fest Griffith, In
St. Stan's Polish Fest Bay City, MI
Cedar Polka Fest -MI
Polish Heritage Night at White Sox Park
Bel Aire Polka Days Joliet, IL
Paddy B's Homer Glen, IL.
Bernie II & III
Copyright 2010 Polka Generations. All rights reserved.
Web Hosting by Yahoo!


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The JW Marriott in downtown Indianapolis welcomed more than 800 Tri Deltas from across North America for the opening day of Convention where sisters participated in the Initiation ceremony for honor initiate Laurie Ingram, Mississippi. Following Initiation, the women sat down to dinner where they were serenaded by "Out of the Dawg House," the premier all-male a cappella group from Indianapolis's own Butler University.
In addition to participating in official Fraternity business over the four days of Convention, attendees were also able to pursue excellence in their own personal, professional and leadership roles through educational tracks and workshops. Topics ranged from alumnae engagement, alumnae and collegiate chapter programming, fundraising, workplace success, networking, women's health and body image, money management, and being an effective leader. One popular session took a look behind "the big white curtains" and talked about the rarely discussed topic of Ritual. Presenters included Executive Office staff, outside professionals and many of Tri Delta's own volunteers. Attendees also heard from Leeza Gibbons, South Carolina, who was the keynote speaker for the opening session.
Sisters received a special history lesson with the "Tri Delta Through Time" Sisterhood Luncheon program, presented by Archives Coordinator Beth Dees Applebaum, Texas Christian, and Past President Sash Vaughn Gabbard, Illinois. The presentation traced the Fraternity's history alongside U.S. history, showing how much Tri Delta has grown and changed as an organization, and the Convention choir provided musical pieces to accompany the program.
The Philanthropy Luncheon gave Tri Deltas the opportunity to show off their school spirit while supporting St. Jude! During the luncheon, the women heard from Vivian Laws, Tennessee, St. Jude-patient-turned-Tri Delta, who recounted her battle with osteosarcoma.
Vivian told the room that she was inspired to go through recruitment at the University of Tennessee because of the presence Tri Delta has on the St. Jude campus. She says joining Tri Delta was the best decision she has ever made. "I've never felt more at home away from my home. And now I have the ability to raise money for St. Jude through an organization that is so special to me with my sisters behind me. We're unstoppable. I feel like there's nothing we can't do, no goal we can't reach."
And, of course, there was the big announcement: Tri Delta has committed to raising $60 million in 10 years for St. Jude. Everyone was encouraged to spread the news through social media, taking selfies and using the hashtags #TriDelta4StJude and #TriDeltaPlace.
Tri Delta couldn't visit Indy without getting in on the race car action! Fun Night brought Convention attendees to the IndyCar Experience at the Dallara IndyCar Factory, located across from the famous Indy 500 Raceway. There, the Tri Deltas had the chance to try out race car simulators or get behind the wheel of a go kart out on the track. Some brushed up on their tire-changing skills at the pit stop challenge, attempting to beat the best time in a race against the clock.
The Final Banquet brought Convention 2014 to a close. Sisters dressed in their finest and came together one last time in Indianapolis to celebrate the close of the biennium and the installation of the new Executive Board. The banquet also honored the Sarah Ida Shaw, Ernestine Block Grigsby, and Volunteer Service Award winners.
Sarah Ida Shaw Award Winner Madison Coburn, Mississippi, offered this message to the audience: "Today, I hope to leave you one simple message: Make a difference...As chapter leaders, I encourage you to remind your chapter of its responsibility to make a positive difference in each other's lives, on your college campus, and in your community."
The evening ended with the traditional candle lighting ceremony and Alpha Theta Phi. Immediately afterwards, attendees began lining up for another favorite Convention tradition — Delta Shop's Midnight Madness Sale! This year, a DJ turned the shopping spree into a party as sisters lined the halls, waiting for the doors to open. It was their last chance to grab a few final Delta Shop products before the journey home.
You can read more about Convention 2014 in the Summer Trident.


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Drop files here to add tracks or artwork to your playlist
Nine tracks including music by Big Digits, Blackalicious, and Das Racist.
1 comment on How Low Can You Go?
nice mix man! check out my music list for hip hop dance, leave a like if you feel for it! http://8tracks.com/johanced/beamer-benz-or-bentley


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The Lancaster News, like many other newspapers, looks back at the top stories at the end of a year.
Here are the stories that we put on our Top 10 list for 2010:
(1) Mulvaney goes to Congress
INDIAN LAND – Fashion is a dream job for many young women, but Annelise Manns is making it her reality.
"You can't hope for it, you have to force your foot in the door," said Manns.
That determination has paid off with two stints at New York City's Fashion Week and a summer internship in New York City working for a fashion designer to help them launch a new line of women's clothing.
INDIAN LAND – The Lancaster County Sheriff's Office is investigating a fire at a vacant home in Indian Land on Tuesday night.
Authorities said firefighters from Indian Land, Charlotte Road/Van Wyck, Pleasant Valley and Waxhaw volunteer fire departments were dispatched about 9 p.m. to the home at 7156 Ander Vincent Road.
The small wood-framed house, located about a mile down a dirt road off S.C. 75, was fully involved when firefighters arrived.
County Councilman Jack Estridge spent Monday night in the hospital after being involved in a car accident in Kershaw County.
County Administrator Steve Willis heard the news early Tuesday morning about the councilman, who represents District 6 on council. He didn't have many details about the accident, but said Lancaster County Emergency Management Director Morris Russell and Lancaster County Emergency Management Service Director Lanny Bernard have been following up on the crash.
What began as an early morning duck hunt for Tony Pope quickly turned into a fight for his life.
The Lancaster man left home early Tuesday morning to go duck hunting with a friend on the Catawba River on the Lancaster/Chester county line. At about 5:30 a.m., Pope eased his 2001 Toyota Tacoma down the S.C. 9 boat landing under the Catawba River bridge, aiming his trailer and boat toward the water.
Are you 60 or older and concerned about issues affecting the aging population?
If so, the S.C. Silver Haired Legislature might be right for you.
The statewide group, which identifies issues and vouches for legislation impacting seniors, is seeking candidates for membership for 2011.
The group has 152 members, with representation from each of South Carolina's 46 counties. Members serve two-year terms.
Below-freezing temperatures and a multi-layer roof made putting out a blaze a challenge for firefighters Monday night.
Firefighters got a call shortly after 9 p.m. about a fire at the S&M Mini Mart on Kershaw-Camden Highway in the Pleasant Hill community.
Crews arrived minutes later to find the left rear section of the building on fire, said Patrick Helms, chief of the Heath Springs Fire Department.
Fire departments battled two fires on Dec. 22, one of which involved the arrest of a man who allegedly tried to steal fire equipment from the scene.
Gooches Volunteer Fire Department Assistant Chief Randy Hardin said firefighters responded about 6:30 p.m. to 1125 9th St., Lancaster.
Hardin said flames were visible through the vacant mill house's roof when firefighters arrived.
He said the home was a total loss. A cause of fire has yet to be determined.
While Mother Nature played havoc with much of the East Coast, she kept her touch gentle in these parts with just enough snow to transform Lancaster County into a winter wonderland.
According to the National Weather Service, Lancaster County received between 2 and 5 inches Sunday, with the heaviest amounts falling in the northern and eastern parts of the county.
Residents across the region had been watching the weather projections for days, when forecasters began saying that the Charlotte area had its first good chance for a white Christmas since 1947.
Brenda Hilley and Sarah Funderburk of Lancaster believe sisters make the best friends.
Hilley, the oldest of five sisters and four brothers in the Deese family, was "second mama" to her other siblings. As children, they learned to support and encourage each other, and remained close as they grew up.
Both Hilley and her younger sister, Funderburk, are artistic and enjoy making many different kinds of hand-crafted gifts for friends and family.
Their Christmas trees are filled with ornaments – most of which are their own creations.
Copyright © 2015
The Lancaster News is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Lancaster County and Lancaster, South Carolina, and the surrounding area..


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By Jim GaramoneAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, April 24, 2001 In the 1860s, if you wanted to send someone "to the ends of the Earth" you sent them to China.
Those were the days of sailing ships augmented by steam power and China was as remote from the Eastern United States as it was possible to be. Still, Chinese Americans found their way to the East Coast, and researchers claim that as many as 50 Chinese fought as soldiers during the American Civil War.
The number does not include the Chinese who served in the U.S. Navy during the war. The soldiers fought on both sides, researchers claim.
The first Chinese on record arrived in what became the United States in 1815. A Chinese ship's cook settled in Monterey, Calif., then a Spanish province.
The mariners of the Eastern seaboard traded with China. American ships vied with European traders to bring back the riches of the Orient. That was how a Chinese child ended up in Massachusetts.
In 1845, Sargent S. Day, captain of the square-rigged merchant ship Cohota, left Shanghai, China, bound for Massachusetts. Two days from port, he discovered two little half-starved Chinese boys on board. The older boy died, but Day "adopted" the younger boy and named him Edward Day Cohota.
Edward sailed the world with Captain and Mrs. Day until the captain retired to Gloucester, Mass. in 1857. He attended school and the other Day children treated him as a brother.
With the outbreak of the American Civil War, Cohota joined the 23rd Massachusetts Infantry. He fought in the Battle of Drury's Bluff near Richmond, Va., on May 16, 1864, and came out of the battle with "seven bullet holes thru" clothes. None touched his flesh."
At the Battle of Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864, a Confederate Minie ball parted Cohota's hair permanently, but he was not otherwise hurt. He stayed with the Army of the Potomac through the end of the war.
After the war, Cohota rejoined the Army and was stationed at Fort Randall, Dakota Territory. He married and had six children. He served in the Army for 30 years. All that time, he thought he was a U.S. citizen and believed his Civil War service qualified him for the right. But he didn't take out his second set of naturalization papers until after the Senate passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. He was not a citizen and could not become one.
Cohota died at the Battle Mountain Sanitarium for Veterans in Hot Springs, S.D., in 1935.
Another Chinese soldier of the Union participated in the most famous battle of the Civil War -- the three-day Battle of Gettysburg, Pa.
Pvt. Joseph L. Pierce was age 21 when he enlisted in the 14th Connecticut Infantry in August 1862. It's unclear how Pierce ended up in the United States. One story has it that his father sold him to Connecticut ship Captain Amos Peck for $6. Another story was that his brother sold him for $60. Still another was that Peck picked up the lad, who was adrift in the South China Sea. Peck, a lifelong bachelor, turned the 10-year-old he called "Joe" over to his mother in Connecticut.
Young Joe went to school with the Pecks and formally became Joseph Pierce in 1853. He picked up the last name from President Franklin Pierce.
At the time of his enlistment Pierce was a farmer in New Britain, Conn. He listed his height at 5 feet 5 inches, dark complexion with dark hair and black eyes. His birthplace was Canton in Kwangtung Province, China.
His regiment participated in the Battle of Antietam, Md. Sept. 17, 1862.
He suffered some sickness during his time around Washington and was in the hospital for a time. He was assigned to the Quartermaster Department for a bit and rejoined the 14th in time for the Battle of Chancellorsville, Va. in May 1863.
The 14th had a distinguished role in the Gettysburg campaign. "It fought on the north part of Cemetery Ridge on July 2 and was one of the units that helped repel Pickett's Charge," said Gettysburg Historian John Heiser. "The 14th was primarily responsible for turning back Brig. Gen. James Pettigrew's North Carolina division." Today, you can see the 14th Memorial to the north of the grove of trees marking the High-water Mark of the Confederacy.
The 14th's regimental history says that during Pickett's charge, Pierce appeared "pig-tail and all, the only Chinese in the Army of the Potomac." But he wasn't.
Cpl. John Tommy, of Company D, 70th New York Infantry, fought with III Corps on July 2. Tommy also was Chinese and from Canton. "We don't know how he ended up in the United States," Heiser said. "He lost both arms and legs during the fighting around the Peach Orchard. He died in the hospital on Oct. 19, 1863."
A third Chinese soldier, Antonio Dardell, fought with Union troops at Gettysburg. "He was taken as a child from China by a sea captain," Heiser said. "He enlisted Oct. 22, 1862, in Company A, 27th Connecticut Infantry. He was from Clinton, Conn. The unit fought at the wheat field." Little else is known of Dardell except he was a tinsmith in civilian life and applied for a pension from the government in 1912.
Historians say there may be more Chinese soldiers. It is tough to pick them out because they often took American names. Another member of the 14th Connecticut Infantry, John Lee, may have been Chinese. Of course, he may have been no more Chinese than the Confederate commander at Gettysburg, Robert E. Lee.


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Half Full Glass of Wine on MusicBrainz
Tame Impala on Last.fm
Tame Impala is a psychedelic rock band from Perth, Australia. It is the project of Kevin Parker who writes and records almost all of the music by himself. The live band consists of Kevin Parker (lead guitar and vocals), Dominic Simper (guitar and synth), Jay Watson (synth and backing vocals), Julien Barbagallo (drums), Nick Allbrook (ex-bassist) who decided to leave the band mid 2013 and is now being replaced by their close friend, Cam Avery (from Pond).
Read more about Tame Impala on Last.fm.
Soulwax (mix-DJ)
Also from this album:
Trucker's Delight,Random Firl,Our World Is,Headlock,Forza,Mind Dimension 2 (Ghent version)
Official site


text: yakima clean air By KIT February 6, 2012 6:09 AM Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Category: Share on Facebook Share on Twitter More Leave a comment Send to a friend! Print this page Pin it! Reddit This! Share on Tumblr! Best of News Talk KIT Too Busy to Eat Right? You Might Want to Try These Helpful Tips Trump Pushes Liberal's Buttons Too Hung Jury Decision Means Admitted Shooter Walks for Now You Can Download the First Four 'Mission: Impossible' Movies For Free Recommended For You Best of the Web


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About 4 months ago I replaced the main computer and touchpad on this unit.
Customer said it ran great, until last week.
Now, no lights, no nothing, though power is coming in.
I replaced the thermal fuse and everything was back up and running.
Today, after a week of performing fine, same thing....no lights but power still coming in.
Ideas?? Other than the main board bad again?


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Steven Kent Crosby
Position: RB
Height: 5-11 Weight: 205 lbs.
Born: July 3, 1950 in Great Bend, KS
High School: Pawnee Park
College: Kansas St., Fort Hays St.
Drafted by the New York Giants in the 17th round (419th overall) of the 1974 NFL Draft.
Weighted Career AV (100-95-...): 1 (12808th overall since 1950)
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Output includes all games from 1920 to 2014.


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Sitting/Walking/Practice: Reflections on a Womans creative process
1 The world of the body, of making and of creativity; of images, words and movement is a territory within which I inhabit and embody my research imperative. These pages comprise a sort of musing on the processes of practice-as research in performance and screen when "self" is the source of creative inspiration. In other words, this musing is a sort personification of the imaginal, hewn into word and image form, that might allow ego to know it too is merely a personification of personhood.
2 Maybe I thought there would a way in which the questions would find the air they needed and answers would arrive on the wing of a bird hovering on the current of the wind. New questions arrived, or should I say, both a new and an old part of me arrived. I am in a place that is both real and not real. Here surrounded by present, past and future. Here mythologies and histories, both mine and others, collide and coalesce. In this place I become present and alive to the profound and archetypal need for experiences of ecstasy and the transformative fullness of emotion and vision such experiences may produce (Brinton Perera 18). I walk, back to the wind, and see the sand being forced toward the sea forming tunnels just above the ground converging and colliding as they approach the sea edge. I am part of the wind tunnels hurtling toward the sea, too small to make much difference, too insignificant to fight against the mighty wind. Then I sit for a long time looking and listening, then looking and listening melt into seeing and hearing. Maybe this is what Sara Maitland was searching for in On Silence. In her documenting of a personal journey and treatise on silence Maitland suggests there are two kinds of searching for silence, one shores up the ego boundaries and the other is a non-boundaried encounter that invites the Other. She continues
I have come to use the terms permeable and boundaried selves, or identities, to sum up the two positions [ ]In the West, we tend to see normal, healthy people as firmly, thought not excessively, boundaried. Permeable selves tend to be less rationalist and less atomised a modern narrative will say that anyone who lets the (divine or delusional) Other too far in, who weakens their own boundaries, or has them weakened, is mad [w]hile in a religious or spiritual narrative will tend to sense that those who will not consent to be used by the forces of the Other are the mad ones. (252-3)
3 Perhaps the search for silence, as described by Maitland, articulates the human desire for experiences beyond our ego selves. Brinton Perera (2001) would have it that our symptoms can be read as symbolic expressions of our misaligned relations to archetypal structures (19). And if that is so then even the search for silence, or I might call it a futile search for expansion, speaks to a search for realignment to something not yet known. Is this my artistic imperative? Is this what I am doing here? This not yet known-ness, is what Jung would have called the archetypal structures.
In this deeper stratum we also find the a priori , inborn forms of intuition, namely the archetypes of perception and apprehension, which are the necessary a priori determinants of all psychic processes The instincts and the archetypes together form the collective unconscious Instinct is an essentially collective, i.e., universal and regularly occurring phenomenon which has nothing to do with individuality. (Vol.8, 133-4)
4 Start again in another place My walking could be her walking or your walking or their walking. It seems to be a search for expansion, for something beyond ego boundaries that I long to experience and the words and image perhaps just a vague and inconsequential attempt to hold the experience, like an alchemical vessel. Eventually this walking leads to thinking of a sort I did not previously have access to and I find all the questions are different and realising this, I deduce that the answers might also be different, if there were answers in this never ending scheme of altering questions.
When I begin the return journey with the wind against me, the sense of being inconsequential is still present. It is almost impossible to walk, there is no space in me for thinking, only the present moment kind of thinking that knows to put one foot in front of the other whilst keeping an eye on the horizon. But that kind of being in the present moment has its own kind of forwarding impulse.
5 Wait, look again. Who is this that has arrived? Brinton Perera suggests that whenever there is a sense of a living spirit, ecstatic relationship to it may be expressed and contained in rituals (387). Perhaps this ritualistic kind of walking and sitting, contemplating, taking photographs that capture my moving experience, attempting to be present to the visceral experience of what I can know in the here and now, invokes that which I do not know, invokes the archetypal realm. Now, here in this moment, a woman arrives, she is my own woman but also the Woman from before and beyond. The one from before is also the one present and future. I made you in 1999, performed you for several years and yet here you are again. Realising she is present allows me to come to know that there is much still to be done. The words from the performance piece The Woman (1999) are much the same, one foot stuck, head looking up wondering how long she has been standing, waiting, but also radically different. That old haggard woman screaming her insanities and scraping the crap from beneath her nails still speaks to me from within and without. I dont scream or dance much anymore. Well, not like that. Now it is an internal dance, a dance with an inner and unknown landscape that captures my attention.


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It's important to offer a bride the right amount of love and support on her big day. Sometimes bridesmaids can get carried away with great expectations or selfish motives, which make it hard for the bride to enjoy her wedding. While mistakes are often unintentional, here are some tips to help you be the best bridesmaid you can be on your friend's wedding day.
Wedding Planning
Lend a helping hand when it comes to wedding planning and arrangements. Rather than step in on the actual wedding day, make yourself available to help the bride throughout the entire process. You'll be surprised at how much offering your support throughout the planning experience will be of service to the bride and her groom. Knowing she has someone to rely on and take the weight off of her shoulders will be a very gratifying relief. The best way to determine what the bride needs help with is to ask. Whether she needs you to host the bridal shower, or help with the seating arrangements, you can rest assured that there will be plenty for you to help out with if you offer. Both the bride and the groom will be appreciative of your kind efforts.
Stay Positive
Brides can easily become overwhelmed and have plenty of "moments". Rather than feeding into her emotions, it's important as a bridesmaid for you to remain calm and positive. If the bride is overly emotional or stressed out, don't criticize or become annoyed. She most-likely has a lot on her mind and it's your job to keep her grounded and offer positive feedback and words of encouragement. It's important to help out where you can with the physical arrangements, but being there for moral and emotional support is just as, if not more important. Keep a positive outlook will eventually wear off on the bride and help her to overcome any hiccups she may experience throughout the wedding planning process and up until the nuptials.
Be Happy About the Bridesmaid Dress
The bride is by no means required to ask you for your input when choosing a bridesmaid dress, but if she does make sure to keep your opinions objective. Base your feedback and factors such as affordability and how flattering it is to your body rather than on personal style. Whether the bride picks a wonderful dress (in your opinion) or not, it is your job to seem appreciative and wear the custom bridesmaid dress with a smile on your face. If you love it, show how thankful you are and if not, go out of your way to make sure you don't say anything that might hurt the bride's feelings. After all, you'll only be wearing the dress for one day.


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Dark Plots for Arkham Nights
Arkham Nights attendees get advance glimpses of our thrilling novels
The two women's heads turned together to the source of the noise and their eyes widened, almost hypnotized by the shock of what they saw. The black-winged, nebulous shape sat perched on the roof of the motorcar like a stone gargoyle come to life. In the dim, rainswept light they could see little of its detail, but what they could see was enough to fill the nightmares of a madman's slumber… –Alan Bligh, Dance of the Damned
The hour draws nearer those terrifying days and eves of Arkham Nights 2011. It won't be long before the weekend of October 14th-16th arrives, the gates open, and madness spills forth, swarming the majestic Fantasy Flight Games Event Center for a celebration of games and events set in the mythos of H.P. Lovecraft.
Immersed in mythos
In our Arkham Nights 2011 announcement, we looked at the fantastic Arkham games attendees will be playing all weekend long–Arkham Horror, Call of Cthulhu: The Card Game, Elder Sign, and Mansions of Madness.
While the chance to play these engaging, atmospheric games provides much of the weekend's draw, luring players from the far reaches of time and space, fans get even more mythos! Attendees get the chance to meet, chat, and play games with developers, and they can enjoy novels from two trilogies set in the world of Arkham Horror, The Dark Waters Trilogy and The Lord of Nightmares Trilogy.
You'll be able to purchase the first volume of The Dark Waters Trilogy, Ghouls of the Miskatonic, a gripping tale of mystery, suspense, and horror! Ghouls of the Miskatonic follows the mysterious deaths of several young ladies. New York Times Bestselling author Graham McNeill weaves a thrilling story in which a wide cast of familiar faces from the Arkham Horror board game begin an exciting and terrifying new investigation.
Attendees will also get early glimpses of The Lord of Nightmares Trilogy. In its first novel, Dance of the Damned, a cursed artifact is stolen. When the thief disappears, the search leads no-nonsense heroine Daisy Walker and bounty hunter Tony Morgan deep into the midst of horror… and face to face with living nightmares. Author Alan Bligh turns the Dance of the Damned into a suspenseful, breathless ride from cover to cover.
Darkness and redemption
When you enjoy your weekend of supernatural suspense and dark, thrilling fiction, you'll also have the opportunity to fulfill your Ghouls of the Miskatonic Ally Card Redemption on site to add Oliver Grayson to your games immediately!
We will continue to update this site with other news about Arkham Nights 2011 as we get closer to the event. We'll keep you informed of the latest developments with our Arkham games as well as The Dark Waters Trilogy and The Lord of Nightmares Trilogy.
You can find information about hotel accommodations on our Arkham Nights 2011 Support Page, where we will also post our schedule as events finalize.
in our forums!


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Unbreakable, O Lord
Unbreakable, O Lord,
Is the love
That binds me to You:
Like a diamond,
It breaks the hammer that strikes it.
My heart goes into You
As the polish goes into the gold.
As the lotus lives in its water,
I live in You.
Like the bird
That gazes all night
At the passing moon,
I have lost myself dwelling in You.
O my Beloved --
by Mirabai
English version by Jane Hirshfield


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Unlocking the Key to Deep Sleep
By Sarah Fenske
Making the Ferguson Commission Matter
By Danny Wicentowski
My Fake Boyfriend Became a Real-Life Crush
By Lindsay Toler
Rep. Jeffrey Pogue Bill Would Ban Unisex Bathrooms
By Danny Wicentowski
Darren Wilson Gives Speech to Nonprofit
By Danny Wicentowski
Angel Stewart and Other Victims of Violence Ask for Mercy
By Jessica Lussenhop
Obama Praises St. Louis' LaunchCode
By Lindsay Toler
By Lindsay Toler
At lunch, they talk about the courage real hunting requires.
"Those pretty boys on ESPN," sighs Freukes. "The deer are fenced in a stand and the hunter's saying, 'Hold 'em steady -- the tranquilizer's gonna wear off!"
They chortle.
Then they set off on their own hunt: a "put-and-take." Kennedy buys the birds, confines them in tight quarters and feeds them. Then he tucks their heads under their wings, sending them into a sleep state, and drives them to a field and lays them down. By the time the hunting party arrives, they're awake and feeding.
And even the wimpiest corporate VP can bag one.
Mikols has gone ahead to "put" a dozen or so Chinese ring-necked pheasants in a field tangled in brambles and chest-high grasses. He waits there with his dog, Abraham, a black American Labrador who's already sniffing the air.
"He will crisscross and intercept the trail, and then we'll come up on the birds and bust them," Kennedy tells one of the newer hunters. "It's elegant. It's clean, almost surgical. And it's fair chase, because they can fly."
Granted, the birds are out of practice. And they're out of their natural habitat, plunked down in somebody else's field after the trauma of capture, captivity and transport. But it's a time-honored tradition, Kennedy insists. He compares these hunts to Tolstoy.
"In Europe, only the richest of the rich could do this. I want to offer hunts on horseback with English pointers and the guns in scabbards."
He drops to a whisper as the others slowly make their way through the sticky-sharp beige grass. Soon their bodies are tiny splashes of orange. Low to the ground, Abraham weaves the trail, his progress a bending of grass.
"When a dog gets birdy, his whole body buzzes," Kennedy murmurs. "Your focus increases. Everything else drops away."
He stands still, waiting.
Flushed from the wall of cattails where it froze, hoping to hide, a bird angles into the sky, wings beating frantically.
A shot breaks the air. As fast as it flew, the bird falls to earth.
"Give them free range of fire," Kennedy radios to Mikols, moving toward a stream at the field's edge.
"The world got p.c. so quick," he sighs, talking audibly now. "I call it intellectual fascism, because even if you are saying something that is true, it can't be spoken.
"The ugly truth about the Second Amendment is that it's not about self-protection. It's about protecting people from the government. A centralized authority is that dangerous. Patriots must refresh the liberty tree with blood."
A minute later he's talking about his authoritarian father, who didn't hesitate to use force. Kennedy rebelled. He says it was the rigors of Army life that taught him self-reliance -- and stopped him from destroying himself.
Now he wants to eliminate the postmodern bullshit, use firepower and take responsibility for the consequences. In the independence of the early settlers, their willingness to act without excuses, he sees a moral courage he can't discern in today's messy, abstract society.
"Most gun advocates are idiots," he says. "They're reacting to a threat, and what comes out of their mouths comes across as unintelligent or hostile. There is nothing hostile about this. It is a wholesome thing. It can be easily made ugly -- 'Look at that pretty bird, why did you have to kill it, just go to the grocery store.' Well, where do they think Tyson chicken comes from?"
He's still talking when the last bird drops. Abraham lopes up, pleased with his part in the day's adventure. The hunters follow, tired and content. They set down the shotguns and sling limp birds into the back of the truck, the oily feathers a palette of dark red, teal, burnt orange, gold, iridescent blue and green and silver.
Kennedy picks one up by the neck and turns it, showing off its beauty.
"This is an honest interaction with the environment," he says. "The alternatives are all dishonest."
On the North Side, kids don't talk about authenticity.
They talk about straps, heaters, burners, Glocks, thumpers, zaners, ninas (9mm), choppas and street sweepers (fully automatic assault weapons). One boy uses Choppa City as his street name; another calls himself L'il Speedy, "quick enough to dodge bullets."
He needs to be.
L'il Speedy is 13, burning with eagerness.
"My friends be wild," he confides. "They'll be talking about 'Let's go rob somebody.' I said, 'You do that, it's gonna come back on you. They'll probably shoot you."
He hustles instead, pumping gas for guys with Cadillacs because his mama won't give him any money.
He's the kind of kid who's always asking -- for help or trouble, whichever comes first.
He got shot at for the first time this winter:
"Somebody tried to take my head off, but I'm too quick. I was sitting in front of my grandma's building and some dudes started shooting. Gang members. They claim Peabody. They Snoops."
His friend L8-L8 clarifies: "'Snoops' another name for saying Bloods. We don't use the term 'Blood' down here 'cause 'Blood' is like when Jesus died and there was blood hangin' down from his arms.
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text: The Star Wars: Racer Revenge wiki last edited by BlackLagoon on 01/21/15 03:40PM View full history SummaryAfter the success of Star Wars Episode I: Racer, LucasArts outsourced the project to Rainbow Studios to develop. Released for the Playstation 2 February 2002, the game allowed players to take controls of 22 pilots on 13 different locations. Focusing around Sebulba's tries to take revenge on Anakin Skywalker for his defeat in Episode I, the game stays true to it's formula, only making small changes such as the ability to knock other racers out.The game takes you to locations which have been only been mentioned in the films such as Mon Calamari and Sullust. There are also a few races which take place on Tatoonie with a final showdown on the Planet. Throughout the campaign you can play as any of the characters with the exception of a few unlock able racers. You upgrade a single character at a time although they stay ranked up if you restart the game with a new alien and yes Anakins Acting skills make him an alien.RacersAnakin SkywalkerOcco NinebarShrivel BraittrandMars GuoNeva KeeSebulbaAldar BeedoBen QuadrinarosDud BoltOdy MandrellTeemto PagaliesClegg HoldfastGasganoMawhonicKnire DarkKraid NemesoWan SandageScorch ZanalesTzidik WrantojoYoung Anakin SkywalkerWattoLocationsGamorrField of LegendCitadelFortress Mountain AreaTower of EyesClutter JunkyardMon CalamariOrotoru G'amHall of HeroesBallast TanksGrand ReefsRylothThe Great TusksCrater SeaSullustSerres SarranoTatooineMos EspaMos Espa Grand ArenaJabba's Palace


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Here's What's Not Going on with BioLogos
Cornelius Hunter's claim that BioLogos advances the "Warfare Thesis" between science and religion is wholly unfounded.
The Resource Finder has powerful filtering features — check out the tutorial to learn more.
Cornelius Hunter's claim that BioLogos advances the "Warfare Thesis" between science and religion is wholly unfounded.
Ninety years is a long time, and so much has changed all over the world. But have the cultural perceptions about science and religion changed since the Scopes Trial in 1925?
American thinking about religion and science before the Civil War was substantially informed by the powerful "concordist" metaphor of God as the "author" of two "books," nature and Scripture, which ultimately must agree.
For Evangelicals interested in the evolutionary history of our species, the results of a new study are a "smoking gun" for human/Neanderthal interbreeding.
I am growing in my appreciation for a diversity of ears to hear Scripture and a diversity of cultures to interpret God's call on our lives.
These finds open up a new horizon of research into the earliest hominins and how they lived. They also provide us with even more clues in our ongoing search for the last common ancestor.
Though the fossil record does not include every plant and animal that ever lived, it provides substantial evidence for the common descent of life via evolution. The fossil record is a remarkable gift for the study of nature.
The word evolution can be used in many ways, but in biology, it means descent with modification. In other words, small modifications occur at the genetic level (i.e. in DNA) when a new generation descends from its parents. Over many generations these modifications can result in significant differences from the ancestral population.
The more research that is done on DNA, the more evidence we find that all life is related.
If, according to evolutionary theory, the human species has evolved from non-human ancestors over the course of hundreds of thousands of years, how might we understand humans as uniquely bearing the image of God?
In none of these cases was Newton inserting God into a "gap" into our knowledge that science would someday fill. Rather, his prior belief in God helped him arrive at attitudes and ideas that have unquestionably advanced our understanding of nature.
The biggest science stories of the week are reviewed.
Historian Peter Harrison argues that harmony between faith and science is not as simple as it seems, and some versions of "harmony" can do damage to the Christian faith.
James Kidder explains how a stunning fossil discovery affects our understanding of human evolution.
Researchers in the emerging field of Paleogenomics are investigating the past using genetic research.
Jim Stump explores the meaning of the Lenten season from the perspective of evolutionary creation.
St. Thomas Aquinas helps us understand how the image of God in man might have developed through evolution.
How does social context affect what Americans believe about science and religion, especially in regards to human origins? A new BioLogos-funded survey reveals the factors influencing the beliefs.


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Rep. George Miller of California, a top ally of House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi and the dean of the state's congressional delegation, announced Monday he will not run for re-election this fall, marking the end of a 40 year career on Capitol Hill.
Miller, 68, serves as the top Democrat on the House Education and the Workforce Committee, a panel he chaired when the Democrats controlled the chamber. He has built a record as a top progressive in the House, but Miller worked closely with Rep. John Boehner, who was the top Republican on the education committee, and the late Sen. Ted Kennedy, to pass the education reform bill known as "No Child Left Behind" in 2002.
He also worked on student loan bills, health care reform, and several measures aimed at protecting labor rights.


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By rania | Week of Wonders September 18, 2008 at 8:59AM
So several years ago, I wrote about the word-of-mouth screenings trend for indieWIRE. In the era of web 2.0, that idea has been updated to go a step further.
Let me tell you about Wednesday night. After a lovely reception, we all filed into Dolby 88 for a screening of "The Dutchess." Most of the attendees were women roughly the age of the film's star, Keira Knightly (23), or slightly older. But here's the thing. Everyone who was invited has a blog or website related to film or fashion. Not necessarily critics or reporters, but web writers of all stripes.
Before and after the film, and in a follow-up email, we were asked to write or twitter about "The Dutchess." Add the new eyeballs that will read about the film online, to the old fashioned word-of-mouth recommendations, and you get a much wider reach. Not to mention the ability to measure how the word is spread through posts, hits, and links.
Melissa Silverstein did a great job of mining the writers for the film's trageted audience pool, and organizing the event for distributor Paramount Vantage. And what about the film, you ask? It was a pretty, serviceable costume romance. Ralph Fiennes was frightening as the domineering duke, and in the brief moment he had his shirt off, the audience gasped in appreciation of his muscular torso. I hope to see him at the Oscars.


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Planar PL1910W 19in Widescreen 1366x768 LCD Monitor - DVI/Analog - 5ms
- Mfr # 997-6077-00
- Item # 03052892
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to educate, inspire and equip the urban homesteader
Hand-Thrown Compost Pail – Cobalt Blue
You know you're doing the right thing by composting but it's about time you do it in style. Get that nasty used tupperware tub off your countertop and replace it with this spectacular piece of compost-collecting art.
This 7″ tall functional handmade jar to hold all your kitchen waste is earth-friendly and decor friendly as the same time! The jar holds close to one gallon and includes a lid that fits right on top. It also has a handle made from sturdy braided wire for carrying it out when it's full. Words on the front make its worthy purpose unmistakable with the label 'compost', created using vintage letterpress stamps.
Order by Dec 14th for delivery before Christmas!
Handmade by our favorite potter Jeremy Ogusky. Read more about Jeremy and check out his other products here.
Love the style and want more? Order a matching fermenting crock made by Jeremy Ogusky here.