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Published on Thursday, September 18 2014 11:35
Boulder County Area Agency on Aging, a Division of Community Services, offers two training programs for family caregivers of older adults, one focused on the practical skills of caregiving and the other on caregiver self-care.
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Published on Monday, June 23 2014 11:13
The City of Boulder Parks and Recreation Department will host the 2nd Annual Star Spangled Splash event on Friday, July 4. The Boulder Reservoir is located at 5565 N. 51st St. and will be open from 5:30 a.m. to 6 p.m.
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Published on Saturday, February 08 2014 08:38
Girl Scout Cookies go on sale across Colorado on Sunday, Jan. 26. Colorado's Girl Scout Cookie Program runs through March 2, with
Booth Sales in front of major retail locations starting Feb.
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Published on Thursday, March 20 2014 13:31
Join volunteer naturalist Phil Ecklund for a look at Boulder County's unique weather from the perspective of a glider pilot. From soaring thunderheads to "flying saucer" clouds and powerful winds off the Continental Divide, the weather is anything but predictable along the Front Range of Colorado. Phil will
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Published on Wednesday, January 30 2013 17:00
Folks of all ages, from crawlers to sitters (including some entertaining young people), came together earlier on January 19 at "Motown and More" to let it all hang out in Smokin' Dave's Log Cabin. Besides the usual couples and solo dancers, people joined in for some lively group dances, threading about from one to another in medleys. It was a time to be with friends and neighbors; old, new, and people who have been here twenty years but never met. You can watch your friends kick up their heels to "Shout" by the Isley Brothers on YouTube.
Login to read more: The Community That Dances Together


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About GorillaShare
GorillaShare takes an ordinary file share and transforms it into a fully functional photo sharing website. Simply enter your ftp site details and start uploading. GorillaShare takes care of the rest - creating the web pages and uploading the content.
You can customize the look and feel of your site using one of the four themes included. Create albums, add photo descriptions, and then share with family and friends using SMS or Facebook.
How to use GorillaShare
Step 1 - Install from Google Play
Step 2 - Enter ftp/file share settings
Step 3 - Choose website layout
Step 4 - Upload photos
Customize the look of your website using themes
Describe photos, upload albums and create a rich experience
Create albums on the fly or from existing photos
Share albums via text message or facebook
Manage your content after it has been uploaded
GorillaShare L.L.C
Proudly a Michigan based company
Phone: 517.282.5190

subset: commoncrawl


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Full detailed profile on Cheri Love Played by Robin Mattson on As the World Turns Daytime Soap Opera.
Robin Mattson (Cheri)
Birthday: 1956-06-01
Later, Emily meets with Cheri to let her know she's interested in her job offer, but articulates that it's not long-term. Cheri explains that she'll set her up with clients, and her rate will be $500 an hour. Emily corrects her saying her rate's a thousand. "A thousand it is. Ready to get started?" Cheri smiles. "Yes, I am," Emily, replies. "I'll see you at the bar," Cheri says.
Back at Lakeview, Cheri approaches Emily again and offers her a job as a prostitute. "You got a great smile, sharp look, sophistication� put it all together and that makes for a fabulous package," Cheri comments, and then hands Emily her business card. Emily accepts the card, she doesn't know what to say. "Think it over. Call me if your interested," Cheri replies.


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The current population of Dover Metro is 167,590 with the median age of 40. Dover Metro's median household income is $57,255, and the average household net worth is $423,764. 29% of Dover Metro's population are long term residents having lived in their homes for more than 5 years, while 12% of Dover Metro's population have moved in the last year.
|Dover Metro
|United States
|Median Household Income
|Average Household Net Worth
|Long-term Residents (5+ years)
|Annual Turnover
|Median Age
|40 years
|39 years
|37 years
Age distribution represents the distribution of the population in Dover Metro by age group. In Dover Metro, the male-to-female ratio is 80,562:87,029, which is 1% lower than the ratio of Delaware, which is 446,168:475,237. Age demographic data is sourced from census, 2015.
Crime rate index represents the average crime rate for a local area in comparison to nearby areas and the national average. A crime index of 100 represents the national average. Delaware, has 1% less property crime than the national average, and has 45% more personal crime than the national average
Marital status represents the percent of residents in Dover Metro that are single, married, widowed and divorced. In Dover Metro, 71% of people are married and 29% of people are single. The percent of people married is 0% lower than the ratio of Delaware, which is 72%. Marital data is sourced from census, 2015.
Household income distribution represents the distribution of Dover Metro income brackets at the household level. Overall, the median household income for Dover Metro is $57,255, which is 6% lower than that of Delaware ($61,056). Income data for Dover Metro is sourced from census, 2015.
Education data represents the highest level of education attained by residents in Dover Metro. In Dover Metro, 15% of residents 18 and over graduated from high school and 20% completed a Bachelor's degree or higher, which is 8% lower than that of Delaware. Education statistics is sourced from census, 2015.


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This 1959 Fiat 600 750 Abarth look is in great shape. It is a wonderful red exterior with a black and red Abarth interior.... More
1971 Fiat 500L Sedan. Affectionately known as "Topolino" in Italian (little mouse), the 500L is one of the world's most popular mini cars. For sale... More
Abarth introduced its latest racing gem at the 51st Sanremo Rally. The Abarth 500 R3T lent its name to a promotional rally trophy in... More
An eponymous design, the 600 remained in production all but unchanged for fifteen years, during which more than 2.5 million were built. Not surprisingly,... More
It is widely believed that the Fiat 500 was Fiat's first rear-engined post-war people's car, but it was, in fact, predated by the 600... More
Embassy Racing With Graham Hillcame first into being when Graham Hill decided to leave his previous team,Brabham, unhappy with the atmosphere there. He announced... More
This car was first registered to Fiat Auto S.p.A., designated as a works car for rallying. First registered on its Torino number plates, TO... More
Fiat 1500 OSCA cabriolet 1959 restored For sale is this 1959 Fiat 1500 OSCA cabriolet. Colour Silver with black interior. Car comes from a private... More
1948 Cistitalia-Fiat Speciale To be OFFERED AT AUCTION WITHOUT RESERVE at RM Sotheby's Monterey event, August 13-15, 2015.Estimate:$125,000 - $175,000 Est. 80 bhp,... More
1954 Fiat 8V Coupe To be OFFERED AT AUCTION at RM Sotheby's Monterey event, August 13-15, 2015.Estimate:$1,100,000 - $1,400,000 115 bhp, 1,996... More
1960 Fiat 600 Jolly & 1958 Fiat 600 Multipla To be OFFERED AT AUCTION WITHOUT RESERVE at RM Sotheby's Monterey event, August 13-15, 2015.Estimate:$125,000... More
JUST LOWERED I am selling my 1981 Fiat spider (fuel injected). I bought it in AZ in March of 2014 from a man who had... More
1979 Fiat 2000 Spider Convertible "Pinin Farina" Production. Local barn find with 25,000 actual miles according to documents. Runs and drives excellent, very tight... More
1967 206 Fiat Dino Spyder Ferrari 2.0 liter 4 Cam-V6 engine. 5 speed transmission.38,000 KM believed to be original. Unmarked, flawless, original paint (Rossa Corsa).... More
1976 FIAT SPIDER 1800, A REAR WHEEL DRIVE CAR THE MOTOR PLACED IN THE FRONT AND A 2D CONVERTIBLE/CABRIOLET BODY DESIGNED BY PININFARINA. ENGINE IS... More


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Personalized Name Trains Made in USA - Let your child make their name with trains
Name Trains - Dr. Toy and Parents' Choice Award Winner! Name Trains Letters are about 2-1/2" high, other cars about 2" high. They are compatible with our and other wooden train track systems and most related accessories. Name Trains Connect with simple and safe magnets/rock maple/non-toxic finish. They are made in the US in Vermont and are recommended for ages 3 and up. They come in six basic colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple. Name trains are compatible with most standard wooden trains and tracks including Thomas the Train and Brio.


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Movie Info
Oscar nominees Ed Harris and Robert Forster star in self-taught identical twin filmmakers Logan and Noah Miller's autobiographical family drama about a pair of twin brothers who return to their small town after failing to find success as major league baseball players. Their dreams of becoming professional athletes dashed, the brothers attempt to rethink their lives while reconciling their love for their homeless father (Harris). Deeply shamed by their derelict dad's chronic shameful behavior, the brothers find themselves in a personal crisis after going to work at the local rock quarry and having to contend with their ne'er-do-well friends. Forster co-stars as the sympathetic town sheriff in a film also featuring Brad Dourif and Lee Meriwether. ~ Jason Buchanan, Rovi … More
|PG-13 (for thematic material involving alchoholism, language, brief violence, and for smoking)
|Directed By:
|Logan Miller, Noah Miller
|Written By:
|Noah Miller, Logan Miller
|In Theaters:
|Apr 29, 2010 Wide
|On DVD:
|Oct 1, 2010
as Charlie Winston
as Clint Winston
as Lane Winston
as Clyde Winston
as Perk
as Rachel
as Mac
as Grandma Eleanor
as Brownie


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Daily Sales Up to 70% OFF Limited-time deals start every day at 12 pm ET.
Lumensource made its mark on a single "diode idea" – Sustainable artisan lighting. Simply a full-service LED company with LED design integration specialties coupled with quality production to suit your needs. Bright LED ideas span from basic retrofit to custom solutions beginning from component selection to assembly and testing. The widest range of LED retrofit lamps transcends the conversion of traditional sources that started from the newly banned incandescent lamp. Lumensource attributes success to synergy of all team members that allows unsurpassed results possible. They take pride in their unrivaled achievements and share the passion of LED innovation to fellow believers. Social responsibility starts from reinvesting in employee training on design and quality, while constantly upgrading efficient and safer automated equipment. Their confidence is yours since LED is their only focus and a plethora of resources on LED packaging including fixture fabrication are all well within their easy reach to readily serve designers and their sophisticated projects.
Outdoor Digital Strip Light
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New councillor tests local views with online survey
Posted: January 10, 2013|
A NEW councillor in Penzance is gauging the views of local people with the launch of an online survey.
Christopher Drew, who was voted in last month and has yet to take part in his first council meeting, thought up the interactive questionnaire to help him get to grips with the issues facing people in the town.
The survey has been live for around a week and so far the cost of housing is standing out as a major issue.
"I wanted to know what people thought of the town and what the council should be doing for them," said Mr Drew, 18, who was co-opted onto the council to represent the Promenade ward.
"It is a way to start to engage with people. If it is a model that works, then I would like to use it on a regular basis and it could help out other councillors as well."
Questions posed in the anonymous online survey look at a variety of issues from the cleanliness of the streets to employment. It also asks if the person carrying out the questionnaire voted in the last local elections and if they would do so in May this year.
"After a few days I had already received around 50 responses," said the new councillor, who took over the role from Margaret Freeman.
"So far it seems overall to be a pretty gloomy view of Penzance as it is at the moment.
"But a very positive thing was that most people felt there was a strong sense of community."
Despite the survey being online, Mr Drew said he had received a number of responses from older people but he conceded that logging on to the internet may not be an easy option for everyone.
"It won't work for everyone but it was quick and relatively straightforward," he said.
"In the future I could look at maybe having a meeting with people and, if I can get the resources, a paper survey."
The online survey will be open for another week before Mr Drew collates the findings in time to feed them back to fellow members at the first town council meeting of the year on January 28.
To have your say log on to http://bit.ly/UwdZbY


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School of Engineering
Mechanical and PDM Laboratory Safety Procedures
These guidelines address equipment and procedures that will mainly be used by those utilizing Mechanical and PDM laboratories.
The environment in which you are being taught within the Kennedy and Keller Building labs closely resembles that which is found in factories and other industrial facilities. Consequently, personal safety equipment and dress standards of what is found in industry will be enforced.
There is a risk of injury when wearing inappropriate clothing and footwear, such as shoes that do not cover the entire foot, and long legged baggy pants, long baggy shirt sleeves, certain styles of jewelry, and loose clothing or hair are strongly discouraged. Signs posted at laboratory doors may specifically prohibit these or additional personal hazard items.
1. DO NOT run your machine or piece of equipment until you understand the operation of, been qualified to operate by School of Engineering personnel, and signed a verification of understanding for that specific piece of equipment.
2. Safety glasses MUST be worn anytime you are within 10 ft. of flying particles. It doesn't matter if the material is plastic, wood, or metal. Should you provide your own safety glasses, they must meet ANSI standard Z87.1, which includes having side shields.
3. DO NOT operate any power or machine tool while under the influence of drugs, alcohol, or any medication.
4. KEEP all power and machine tool guards in place and in working order. Loose objects can become flying projectiles.
5. TAKE OUT all chuck keys and adjusting wrenches from power and machine tools before turning the power on.
6. KEEP your work area clean. Cluttered areas and benches invite accidents.
7. DO NOT wear gloves when operating power or machine tools. They are easily caught in moving parts. Take them off before you turn on a machine.
8. WEAR only a canvas or leather type shoe that covers the ENTIRE foot.
9. DO NOT use power tools in damp or wet locations.
10. DO NOT force your power or machine cutting tool. It will do the job better and be safer at the rate for which it was designed.
11. USE the correct tool. Don't force a tool or attachment to do a job for which it was not designed.
12. SECURE your work. Use clamps or a properly fastened vise to hold work when practical. It's much safer than using your hand and frees both hands to operate the tool.
13. PROTECT your hands. Always allow a spindle or blade to stop completely before you clear away chips or oil. USE a brush or chip scraper.
14. DO NOT ever reach around a safeguard.
15. DO NOT get trapped. Avoid placing your fingers, hands, arms, legs in power and machine tool pinch points.
16. DO NOT overreach. Keep proper footing and balance at all times.
17. USE your powers of observation when using any power or machine tool.
18. ALWAYS feed your work into a blade or cutter against the direction of rotation of the blade or cutter only.
19. ALWAYS inspect tools and blades for damage. Dull and damaged tools break easily and create more work. Keep tool overhangs short, i.e. long lever vs. short lever.
20. NEVER look directly at a welding arc ray. Large amounts of ultraviolet light rays are produced and can cause eye pain and temporary blindness.
21. NEVER leave a power or machine tool running unattended. If you step away even for a minute, TURN POWER OFF.
22. ROBOTS in motion can be dangerous, especially during training, programming, and testing.
23. RETURN tools to their proper place and in good working order. Inform the safety supervisor of any necessary replacement or repairs.
24. SHOULD you become angry, rushed, or tired, STOP WORKING! Return to your job when you are better prepared to work safely.
Page last modified January 21, 2011


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Jessica is spanked hard with various implements
Uploaded By: realspankings
Videos: 70
Photos: 0
Blog Posts: 0
Friends: 98
I dont like commercial ones. Shed be making millions. Its not real its all fake
What are the names of the videos that start at 00:35 and 00:47, I'd like to purchase one
I probably like OTK more than anything too, but the different positions really add some spice. I especially like the revealing positions, not necessarily for what they show as much as the "I'm going to give it to you good and I don't care what you show when you're getting it" attitude it displays. I love those non-sensense, no-regard-for-modesty punishments.
I love teen Jessica, I hope she leaves some of that beautiful bottom for someone else to spank.


text:
Why Do Mexis Like Wrought-Iron Fences?
By Gustavo Arellano
By R. Scott Moxley
By Alfonso Delgado
Women For: OC are Stitching and Bitching
By Courtney Hamilton
Santa Ana River Ready for Its Renaissance
By Joel Beers
By Peter Maguire
Can Tech Ruin the Kim Pham Murder Trial?
By Charles Lam
MLG Anaheim: This eSporting Life
By Charles Lam
Days after they were let go, Avila, Pantoja and Luis Humberto Macias, who worked at the consulate for 16 years, wrote a letter to Calderón outlining their complaints about Rodriguez y Quezada and the alleged intimidation tactics used by Herrera against employees who had once worked closely with Ortiz Haro. Avila had been Ortiz Haro's assistant. An Op-Ed in the popular, left-leaning Mexico City daily La Jornada ran on Jan. 8, the same day a protest was held outside the Foreign Ministry office in that city. The short piece cited similar issues and was signed in support of the workers by the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund (MALDEF), League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC), Los Amigos of Orange County, the National Alliance for Human Rights, the Mexican American Political Association and labor unions. The Mexican government has not given the employees an interview or issued any further explanation. Those whose U.S. visa residencies were dependent on their consulate jobs are now locked in immigration limbo. "We have our lives here now," Avila says.
* * *
"We're on pins and needles wondering if he'll come," Amin David of Los Amigos says two days before Rodriguez y Quezada's second scheduled appearance at the Jägerhaus. The crowd is once again abuzz. Deputy consul Herrera, looking more pallid than usual and devoid of his standard, quick-talking charm, slips in just after 7:40 a.m., and then slips out after he is introduced to the group. He paces around the parking lot, makes a phone call, then leaves. At 8:20 a.m., David puts in a call to the consul.
"We're all here waiting for you," he says in Spanish. "Oh, no, there is no one here causing problems. . . . There are always members of the press here, yes. . . . There are no problems here, consul. . . . Come and please honor your commitment to be here."
Someone called the consul and told him that there were people present who were going to cause problems, David later says to the group. Speculation falls on Herrera.
At 8:30 a.m., Rodriguez y Quezada shuffles in alone, looking tense. His hair slightly disheveled, he hesitates in the doorway. "Is the consul here?" David asks, looking around.
"I am the consul," Rodriguez y Quezada whispers.
After he is introduced, Rodriguez y Quezada crosses his arms and talks sleepily about services the consulate is providing (many of them established prior to his arrival). His eyes dart around the room, and he doesn't smile. His disposition brightens a little when he speaks about art projects. "In September, we're organizing a big exhibit at the Bowers Museum," he says with mild triumph.
A reporter from the Spanish language daily La Opinión asks about what many perceive to be a rough transition for the consul and how that may be affecting consulate services. "Services have not been affected," Rodriguez y Quezada says, visibly irritated. "Let me repeat it: They have not been affected. . . . I can tell you simply that services have actually improved. . . . There are always going to be complaints. If one or two people out of the 500 that come every day complain, I don't think that's so many."
The session is bumpy: There are a few heated exchanges over the Fiestas Patrias.When asked by lawyer and local businessman Alfredo Amezcua about the employee dismissals, Rodriguez y Quezada is curt: "It's a personnel issue. . . . I hope you're as concerned with the thousands of people losing their jobs in Mexico as you are with these jobs."
When Pantoja and Avila raise their hands and ask, calmly, for the consul to explain to them why they were fired and for him to reconsider their—and their colleagues'—positions, Rodriguez y Quezada looks away, down and then slightly off to one side. "I can't talk about that except to say that the contracts were not renewed," he says.
He encourages those with complaints to fill out a complaint form at the office and says he is interested in working with the community. David invites him to stay for breakfast after about an hour, but Rodriguez y Quezada quickly declines and leaves after snapping a picture with a supporter in the audience and shaking hands with a few business leaders.
After he's gone, Pantoja and Avila remain in their seats and wipe their eyes. "I feel like I was talking to a wall," says Pantoja. "He didn't even have the decency to look us in the eye."
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text:
PLEASE NOTE: SADD will be moving to a new chapter registration system for the 2015-16 school year in early August. New chapters planning to begin work in the 2015-16 school year and existing chapters looking to renew for the 2015-16 school year are asked to WAIT TO REGISTER UNTIL AUGUST when the new system is in place. Chapters who have not yet renewed their registration for the 2014-15 school year are encouraged to continue to register using this system.
While SADD National charges no dues or registration fees, we need current and updated information from all of our chapters every year in order to be effective. This valuable information allows us to share important news and opportunities with you. It also gives us critical data about the SADD network that helps us draw attention to the issues we care about and support our requests for funding.
When you register or update your information, we'll mail you a SADD Certificate of Chapter Recognition (suitable for framing) for the current school year along with a free gift! Please allow four weeks to receive your certificate and gift. If you're a new SADD chapter, there's no need to wait to receive your certificate to get started – go ahead and recruit members, plan activities, and check out the resources on this website!
We encourage you to first read through our short Chapter Registration Frequently Asked Questions page, which contains important information such as how community-based SADD chapters must be set up, information about where we support chapters, and more.
If you prefer, you may download a pdf copy of the registration form. The pdf form is fill-able, so for legibility, please type directly into it, rather than printing and writing by hand on it. Once youre done, print the form and mail or fax it to us.
For simplicity and speed, most advisors prefer filling out the online form below and submitting information online! If you have questions or problems filling out the registration form, please call 1-877-SADD-INC or email email@example.com.
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Video game publisher THQ has released a collection of screenshots from both the Wii and PlayStation 3/Xbox 360 versions of upcoming the WWE '13 video game.
The screenshots show how the game will appear on the systems in standard definition (for the Wii) and high definition (for the PS3 and Xbox 360). Various in-game wrestlers are featured within the images including "Stone Cold" Steve Austin, The Big Show, and special guest "Iron" Mike Tyson.
Expected for release on October 30, 2012, WWE'13 has been rated "T for Teen" by the ESRB. The game will come out onto Wii, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360.


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Size Chart
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- Understanding Different Types of Fur
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raccoon trooper hat
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Comments about Leather Trooper Hat with Raccoon Fur Trim:
Really great quality. The fur is thick and long. Really impressed with this hat and it's beauty.
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jessisiller's Mom Answers Activity
I am 26 weeks today and my belly button hasn't popped out yet..is that normal?
Most recent answer (10/01/2013):
I am 32 weeks today and mine hasn't popped either. I will consider my super innie a blessing since my sister told me hers popped at 2...posted by mimiengle85
Fetal movements at 22 weeks...
Most recent answer (01/22/2013):
I'm 22w and 5days.. its my first baby and i feel him move all the time. Some days more so then others.. when I'm not feeling well he does...posted by a BabyCenter Member
I'm 37 weeks today, i have lots of pressure down around my hips and thighs is that a good sign?
Most recent answer (03/14/2009):
I was told to have lots of sex when my first son did not want to come without help. There is something in the semen that helps dilate you...posted by Echobrook
7 months and no teeth?
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ive been wondering the same question!! my son is 7mos also and still nothing!? i heard some kids go all the way to 12mos with out.posted by rashellen
No teeth at 7 months
posted by jessisiller 08/19/2008
Me and my daughters' father are splitting up am I going to hurt my daughter by doing this?
posted by jessisiller 08/06/2008
Help my 6week old wants to eat 4oz, if I let her she spits up
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My daughter is 7 weeks old and I was having the same problem so her pediatrician switched her formula to Similac Alimentum and it helps, ...posted by jessisiller


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September 17, 2013
By The Editors Feb 24. 2015
CrossFit is driving fitness into the future at warp speed. Here, we stop for a moment (like a one-minute rest in "Fight Gone Bad") and talk about its past.
By Abi Reiland Jan 22. 2015
You can't go wrong copulating with a CrossFitter. Here's how constantly varied, high-intensity functional movements heat up the bedroom.
Oct 03. 2014
Skin infections are gross. It's bad enough when they appear as pimples or puss-filled boils on your skin, but if left untreated, some can become life-threatening. All gyms are veritable smorgasbords
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Subpart B--Diagnostic Devices
(a) Identification. A Schirmer strip is a device made of filter paper or similar material intended to be inserted under a patient's lower eyelid to stimulate and evaluate formation of tears.
(b) Classification. Class I (general controls). If the device is made of the same materials that were used in the device before May 28, 1976, the device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter, subject to the limitations in 886.9.
[52 FR 33355, Sept. 2, 1987, as amended at 53 FR 35605, Sept. 14, 1988; 66 FR 38812, July 25, 2001]
Page Last Updated: 09/01/2014
Note: If you need help accessing information in different file formats, see
Instructions for Downloading Viewers and Players.


text: The price info is one of the leading Online portal that updates its users about latest gadgets's details. Such as Price, features, specifications and much more about gadgets. Basically this portal provides smartphones price and features to its users and getting a very good response from them. So this portal growing with the increment in the traffic and satisfied users.


text:
An earnings volatility reduction procedure includes determining a first sensitivity value of a portfolio to underlying market conditions, trading in an immunizing instrument having a second sensitivity value substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in value of the first sensitivity value, and trading in a qualifying instrument having a third sensitivity value substantially equal to the first sensitivity value. A derivative portfolio (in particular, one that includes a financial instrument for which changes in value are characterized as earnings pursuant to FAS 133) is structured by determining a sensitivity of the derivative portfolio with respect to financial conditions in a trading market, executing an immunizing purchase of a second trading instrument in an amount equal to the magnitude of the current sensitivity and opposite in value, and executing a qualifying sale of a third trading instrument in an amount equal to amount of the current sensitivity.
1. A computer system comprising:
a processor coupled to a memory comprising instructions to configure the processor to:
determine a first sensitivity value of a portfolio to underlying market conditions;
determine an immunizing instrument based on a stored database of accounting rules characterizing changes in value of the immunizing instrument as subject to accounting as earnings;
execute a trade in the immunizing instrument having a second sensitivity value substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in value of the first sensitivity value;
determine a qualifying instrument based on the stored database of accounting rules characterizing changes in value of the qualifying instrument as subject to accountings as other comprehensive income (OCI); and
execute a trade of the qualifying instrument having a third sensitivity value substantially equal to the first sensitivity value, thereby reducing earnings volatility in a derivative account, wherein a change in mark-to-market value of the derivative account is accounted for through quarterly earnings.
2. The system of
3. The system of
4. The system of
5. The system of
6. The system of
7. The system of
8. The system of
9. The system of
10. A processor-implemented method for reducing earnings volatility in a derivative account, comprising:
determining a first sensitivity value of a portfolio to underlying market conditions;
determining by a processor an immunizing instrument based on a stored database of accounting rules characterizing changes in value of the immunizing instrument as subject to accounting as earnings;
executing a trade in the immunizing instrument having a second sensitivity value substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in value of the first sensitivity value;
determining by a processor a qualifying instrument based on the stored database of accounting rules accounting rules characterizing changes in value of the qualifying instrument as subject to accountings as other comprehensive income (OCI); and
executing a trade of the qualifying instrument having a third sensitivity value substantially equal to the first sensitivity value, thereby reducing earnings volatility in a derivative account, wherein a change in mark-to-market value of the derivative account is accounted for through quarterly earnings.
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. The method of
This application claims the benefit of the filing date of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/195,909 entitled "Reduction of Financial Instrument Volatility" which was filed on Apr. 10, 2000, and is related to a U.S. patent application entitled "Dynamic Reallocation Hedge Accounting" filed on the same day and naming the same inventors.
Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 133 (FAS 133) ("Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities"), as amended by Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 138 (FAS 138), establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities. Briefly, FAS 133 requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those instruments at fair value. If certain conditions are met, a derivative may be specifically designated as (a) a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment, (b) a hedge of the exposure to variable cash flows of a recognized asset, liability or of a forecasted transaction, or (c) a hedge of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation, an unrecognized firm commitment, an available-for-sale security, or a foreign-currency-denominated forecasted transaction.
The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative (that is, gains and losses) depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation.
One of the requirements for hedge accounting when using a derivative is that changes in the value of the derivative must be expected to be highly effective in offsetting changes in value (or projected cash flows) of the hedged item. When hedging with options, one issue that may arise under FAS 133 is whether changes in time value can be included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. In a totally static hedge strategy in which the hedged items do not contain embedded options, changes in time value would generally not offset changes in fair value or projected cash flows. To allow purchased options to qualify for hedge accounting, FAS 133 permits exclusion of all or a part of the hedging instrument's time value from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. If time value is excluded from the assessment of the hedge effectiveness, then the change in the time value would have to be recognized in earnings as they occur. FAS 133 suggest two methods that can be used with respect to excluding time value changes: (i) time value being computed as the fair value of the option minus the intrinsic value; and (ii) time value being computed as the fair value of the option minus the minimum value.
FAS 133 requires derivatives to be highly effective if they are to qualify for hedge accounting. The decision of how hedge effectiveness will be measured affects the determination of whether an item is (likely to be) highly effective and potentially the amount deferred in other comprehensive income (OCI). To be eligible for hedge accounting, FAS 133 requires "Both at inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the hedging relationship is expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value (cash flow) attributable to the hedged risk during the period that the hedge is designated." (par. 20b/28b). The Statement notes (par. 389) "The Board intends "highly effective" to be essentially the same as the notion of "high correlation" in Statement 80."
In hedging with purchased options, ineffectiveness can arise due to the dynamic nature of market prices. For example, large moves in spot prices can introduce hedge ineffectiveness. This results from the fact that the option price is a convex function of the spot rate, whereas the value of the hedged item is linear in spot. In addition, because the option price is a function of volatility, whereas the value of the underlying is not, changes in market volatility can lead to hedge ineffectiveness. It is noted that the change in value of an option due to changes in volatility can be excluded from the test of effectiveness; however, if this were done, changes due to volatility would have to be reported in earnings. Furthermore, the value of an option may change with time, while the value of the hedged item does not. It is noted that the change in the value of the option due to changes in time may be excluded from the test of effectiveness; however, if this is done, changes due to time decay would have to be reported in earnings.
Methods for determining whether a hedge is highly effective include (i) the cumulative offset method or (ii) by the rolling historical correlation method. Cumulative offset methodology measures effectiveness by dividing the cumulative change in value of the derivative with the cumulative change in either fair value or projected cash flows of the item being hedged. A hedge may be viewed as effective when the cumulative offset ratio calculated by comparing these two numbers is within a range of approximately 80% to 125%. Rolling historical correlation methodology can be used before hedge inception to determine whether the application of hedge accounting is reasonable given past results. This method may also be used to measure ongoing effectiveness once a hedge is put in place. For example, the company decides to measure effectiveness based on a rolling two year correlation. 3 months into a hedge, it will measure correlation based upon the trailing 2 years which will include the 3 months' hedge results plus the 21 months' prior to putting the hedge in place. An r-squared of approximately 0.8 (correlation coefficient of 0.894) is generally considered sufficient for a company to apply hedge accounting.
With respect to options, one hedging method in which changes in time value (or at least those unrelated to changes in volatility) are considered "effective" is a so-called delta-neutral hedge. FAS 133 specifically permits a type of delta-neutral hedging in which a company hedges a fixed cash position by adjusting the notional amount of the option it owns (FAS 133, paragraphs 85-87). More specifically, FAS 133 permits a company to monitor an option's 'delta'—the ratio of changes in the option's price to changes in the price of the underlying. As the delta ratio changes, the company buys or sells put options so that the next change in the fair value of all the options held can be expected to counterbalance the next change in the value of (the underlying)." In general, for Call options hedging a strengthening underlying, the delta ratio moves closer to one (i.e., 100%) as the underlying strengthens and moves closer to zero as the underlying weakens. The delta ratio also changes as the time to expiry decreases, as interest rates change, and as implied volatility changes.
In some cases, delta neutral hedging of a fixed cash position achieved through adjustments to the notional amount of an option, as disclosed by FAS 133, is undesirable because it changes the economics of the strategy from, for example, a simple option purchase. Consequently, other "effective" hedging strategies compatible with a wide range of desired economic outcomes are desirable.
Black-Scholes: A solution for valuing options developed by Fischer Black, Myron Scholes and Robert Merton in 1973 for which they shared the Nobel Prize in Economics.
Call Option: A call option is a financial contract giving the owner the right, but not the obligation to buy a pre-set amount of the underlying financial instrument at a pre-set price with a pre-set maturity date.
Collar: A combination of options in which the holder of the contract has bought one out-of-the money option call (or put) and sold one (or more) out-of-the-money puts (or calls). Doing this locks in the minimum and maximum rates that the collar owner will use to transact in the underlying at expiry.
Delta for a European option can be computed from the well-known Black-Scholes formula. For a put option, the formula to compute Delta is
In general, in one aspect, the invention features a method of reducing earnings volatility in accounting for a derivative portfolio pursuant to Financial Standards Accounting Board Statement Number 133. The method includes determining a first sensitivity value of a portfolio to underlying market conditions, trading in an immunizing instrument having a second sensitivity value substantially equal in magnitude and opposite in value of the first sensitivity value, and trading in a qualifying instrument having a third sensitivity value substantially equal to the first sensitivity value.
In general, in another aspect, the invention features a method of structuring a derivative portfolio (in particular, a derivative portfolio that includes a financial instrument for which change in value are characterized as earnings pursuant to FAS 133 accounting). The method includes determining a sensitivity of the derivative portfolio with respect to financial conditions in a trading market, executing an immunizing purchase of a second trading instrument in an amount equal to the magnitude of the current sensitivity and opposite in value, and executing a qualifying sale of a third trading instrument in an amount equal to amount of the current sensitivity.
Methods of the invention may be implemented in a computer apparatus that includes a processor, database, and stored instructions to configure the processor to process data in accordance with the methods of the invention.
Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The underlying market conditions may include price and rate conditions. The sensitivity values may be notational amount values or composite values based on a multiple financial instruments. The portfolio may be a derivative portfolio that includes a financial instrument characterized in that changes in value are accounted for as quarterly earnings pursuant to FAS 133. Sensitivity can be expressed as a schedule of forward notional amounts. Trading in the immunizing instrument may include transacting an at-the-market purchase establishing a long position in a first trading instrument. Trading in the qualifying instrument may include transacting an at-the-market fixed price sale establishing a short position in a second trading instrument. The first trading instrument may include different constituent financial instruments. The portfolio, the first trading instrument, and the second trading instrument may be related to a common commodity.
Implementations may include one or more of the following features. The amount equal to the current sensitivity may include a quarterly forward amount. Determining a sensitivity may include determining a delta measurement.
The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.
The FIGURE shows a computer network diagram.
To qualify as a fair value or cash flow hedge, FAS 133 requires (among the criteria set forth in Paragraphs 20 and 28) that hedging instruments a) must be effective (i.e. the basis risk to the underlying must be stable), and b) the hedging instrument must not be a "written option". In general, hedging instruments that are either a simple forward sales, purchased options, or combination of simple forward sales and purchased options are not considered "written options." However, for other types of hedging structures, a determination of whether the structure is a "written option" may be uncertain. This may create difficulties in consistently interpreting and implementing FAS 133. This confusion, may cause a reduction in the use of hedging instruments and, consequently, may limit financial advantages that can be obtained through their use.
Under FAS 133, some hedges that are meaningful (i.e., provide protection against volatility) in a long-term context (relative to a single quarter of earnings), but which do not qualify as either a cash flow hedge or a fair value hedge, must have their quarter-to-quarter change in mark-to-market value (MTM value) accounted for through a company's quarterly earnings. Other hedges that do qualify as either cash flow or fair value hedges must have certain components (such as time value) excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and these components must be marked to market through earnings. Both of these circumstances may lead to an undesirable side effect of FAS 133 in which a hedge effected to reduce cash-flow or fair value volatility results in increased quarterly earnings volatility. In contrast, marked-to-market hedges that qualify under FAS 133 are entered in a company's balance sheet under Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) and do not have the same effects on quarterly earnings volatility.
Implementations of the invention, can include a portfolio structuring procedure that can reduce or remove the undesirable quarterly earnings volatility side effect of FAS 133. As a result of the procedure disclosed herein, the exposure to market prices of hedging instruments or components of hedging instruments whose change in mark (i.e., current market price) must, under FAS 133, be accounted for by adjustment to earnings is reduced. This reduction may be obtained while still appropriately revealing large changes in mark that may occur in a "LIBOR squared" hedge. A description of this volatility reduction procedure follows. To aid understanding, the procedure is described with respect to a financial portfolio of a fictional company ("CompanyX").
CompanyX is a company dealing in purchase, and sale of a commodity (e.g., Copper). CompanyX has transacted five Index Amortizing transactions in this commodity as part of its long-term strategic risk management program. CompanyX's portfolio is composed of five years of Index Amortizing Forward Sales, potentially hedging 50% of the next five years production. The portfolio of Index Amortizing transactions has not qualified as a cash-flow hedge. In seeking to conform to FAS 133, CompanyX has been accounting for the mark-to-market (MTM) volatility of the Index Amortizing transactions through quarterly earnings. An undesirable result of accounting for the change in MTM value of this long term hedge portfolio in each quarter is an increase in short-term earnings volatility. This result may occur even though, in the long term, CompanyX's hedge portfolio may have a net effect of reducing volatility. CompanyX seeks to reduce this quarterly MTM volatility of the portion of CompanyX's hedge portfolio that does not qualify for hedge (i.e., OCI) accounting, thereby reducing the volatility of quarterly earnings accounted for under FAS 133.
The change in the value of the Index Amortizing transactions is equal, to first order, to the change in the underlying commodity (i.e., copper) price multiplied by the delta of the portfolio (wherein delta is the sensitivity of the change in the portfolio's price to changes in the price of the underlying index for the commodity). Eliminating the effects of the delta on the portion of the portfolio that does not qualify for OCI hedge accounting will significantly reduce the mark-to-market volatility that would be taken through quarterly earnings.
Implementations of the invention may reduce or neutralize the sensitivity of the non-OCI portion of the portfolio (i.e., the portion for which changes in the mark-to-market is accounted for through earnings). This can be achieved with little or no economic impact by, in effect, transferring the delta (the sensitivity of the portfolio to changes in the underlying price) from a set of instruments that does not receive hedge accounting (and, consequently, is accounted for through quarterly earnings) to a second set of instruments that does receive hedge accounting and can be accounted for through OCI. This may significantly reduce the volatility of CompanyX's quarterly earnings resulting from changes in the mark-to-market value of the portfolio of Index Amortizing Forward Sales.
This reduction in the quarter-to-quarter earnings volatility due to non cash flow hedge accounting under FAS 133 may be implemented by structuring a new portfolio to include components that offset each other and counter volatility. In the example that follows, two equal and offsetting components are used:
1st Component:
A first component to the new hedging portfolio is established on "day one" (where "day one" is a beginning time period and is not necessarily limited to a single day). On day one, bucketized sensitivity reports to underlying market prices and rates are run on the non-qualifying derivative instruments to determine the current sensitivity of the contingent portion of Company X's Index Amortizing portfolio. The bucketized sensitivity reports can be determined for an instrument by taking a whole curve of forward prices into account. By changing each of these forward prices, just a little, one-by-one, and examining the resulting change in the instrument's price, the sensitivity to changes in forward prices can be determined. Computation of bucketized sensitivity reports may be computer implemented. CompanyX then transacts an at-the-market long swap (purchase) in quarterly forward amounts equal to the current sensitivity of the contingent portion of CompanyX's Index Amortizing portfolio (i.e., fixed-for-floating swaps). This transaction serves to immunize the mark-to-market value of this portion of the Index Amortizing portfolio from changes in the copper forward prices, and temporarily "freeze" the mark of the portfolio that flows through earnings.
This purchase is not elected for and does not qualify for hedge accounting: thus, the quarterly change in mark-to-market of this swap purchase flows through earnings. We shall refer to this first component as the immunizing instrument.
2nd Component:
CompanyX also transacts an equivalent short position by selling an amount of a commodity equal to the amount purchased in the immunizing instrument. The short position is in the form of a standard at-market fixed price swap which qualifies for hedge accounting and, correspondingly, can be accounted for through Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). In general, this short position transaction is performed close in time (i.e., within days) of the long swap (1st component) transaction. Note, however, that no fixed time period is required—the required closeness in time will depend upon underlying volatility of the market.
To improve the likelihood that the sale would qualify for hedge accounting, it may be advantageous to transact the 1st component purchases as an option collar with a tight ($50/MT) spread between the purchased call and sold put. The use of collars rather than long swaps may avoid netting of swaps and reverse swaps that could have the effect of reducing effectiveness of the volatility reduction procedure.
As a result of the combination of the 1st and 2nd component transactions, the market sensitivity (delta) incurred from the immunizing instrument and that incurred from the short position offset each other. Since the first order bucketized sensitivities of the immunizing instrument (i.e., the 1st component instruments) and the fixed-for-floating swaps (i.e., the 2nd component instruments) are equal or very similar, the net effect of these transactions, at day one, is economically negligible.
The result is that the portfolio of instruments whose change in mark must go through earnings, the non-qualifying portfolio and the immunizing instrument, has, day one, no exposure to market prices and rates, and little exposure "day two" (unless the non-qualifying portfolio is "ill-behaved").
Because the sensitivity (delta) of the Index Amortizing portfolio changes as the market price rises and falls (as modeled by the second order function gamma), the portfolio taken through earnings will no longer be delta neutral. To neutralize the delta, offsetting incremental immunizing instruments (i.e., 1st component purchases) and sales (i.e., 2nd component sales) will need to be transacted on a periodic basis (weekly or monthly, a.k.a. "day two") to return the new portfolio to a delta neutral position. In general, the size of these incremental transactions will be small relative to the size of the initial offsetting trades. The net effect is that only the realized gamma of the second order effects of the Index Amortizing portfolio is taken through earnings and all first order effects (delta) go through Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). Changes in the sensitivity of the portfolio that result from rising and falling market prices are periodically calculated (by a computer-assisted system or manually) and, in response thereto, incremental amounts of offsetting forward purchases and sales needed to immunize the "earnings" portfolio at current market prices are determined.
A result of the described procedure is that, for well-behaved (but formally non-qualifying instruments), the impact on earnings volatility is substantially reduced while still satisfying the spirit and requirements of FAS 133. If the initial non-qualifying instrument is not well-behaved, effectiveness of the described procedure is reduced and, consequently, substantial impact to earnings will be reflected in CompanyX's quarterly earnings. For example, if the notional of the combined swaps were ever to exceed (a fraction of) forecasted cash-flows or product, then the excess could not be allocated to OCI and would have to go through quarterly earnings.
While the disclosed procedure may be implemented to overcome negative earnings volatility effects incurred by a more simplistic adherence to FAS 133, each step of the procedure can be implemented consistent with FAS 133 guidelines. The purchased forward (immunizing instrument) that goes through earnings may need to be structured as an option collar symmetrically around the forward to avoid netting with the short swap that goes through OCI.
The FIGURE shows a computer network that may be used in computer-implemented realizations of the invention. In the network shown in the FIGURE, both direct data connections between elements (e.g., between 130 and 150) are show, as well as connections through a data network 160. In conventional fashion, direct connections may be replaced by networked connections and networked connections by direct connections. Consequently, the computer architecture shown in the FIGURE is not intended as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, multiple elements in network 100 may be implemented in a single computer device. For example, a single computer system may include server 120 processing functions, software and disk storage to implement a database 130, and software to perform mathematical calculation of element 140. In some implementations, some or all of the functions performed by computer components shown in the FIGURE may be implemented in a non-computerized fashion (e.g., by skilled traders).
In a computer-implementation of the invention, an institutional client or an investment consultant may use a workstation or other computer terminal 111 to provision, access, and monitor portfolio data processed by an accounting data processing computer system 150. The data processing system 150 may include software to perform, e.g., corporate accounting functions and to implement accounting transactions pursuant to FAS 133 and other Financial Accounting Standards Board statements. The system 150 may include an interface to a database system 130 storing portfolio structure and account data for the institutional client. The portfolio database and accounting data processing system 150 can be interconnected to a trading server 120. Brokers may access the trading server 120 from client computers 112-113 to execute trades on behalf of clients (and thereby make use of the invention) or, in some implementations, clients may have direct access to the trading server 120 from their own terminals 111.
A software module 140 (which may be a component of the trading server 140 or of a separate analysis system) can access the portfolio database 130 to determine the sensitivity (delta) and other financial instrument modeling parameters of investment portfolios. These modeling parameters can include delta and gamma parameters and other financial instrument modeling parameters (also known as "Greek" parameters). The Greek parameters may be calculated by the module 140 using known calculation formulas and procedures.
The trading server 120 can access the accounting data processing system 150 to identify portfolios that, in whole or in part, are not qualified as cash flow hedge accounts (and, consequently, their changes in mark-to-market value is not accounted for as other comprehensive income (OCI)). In response, a message or other signal may be generated indicating that advantageous financial treatment can be obtained using offsetting transactions in sets of immunizing and qualifying financial instruments. In an automated implementation, the system may analyze the non-cash flow portfolio holdings and, based on a sensitivity value of that holding (as calculated by module 140) identify the immunizing and qualifying purchase transactions that establish the desired substantially neutral delta position. The module 140 identifies these immunizing and qualifying transactions in accordance with FAS 133 such that beneficial treatment for the combined portfolio is obtained pursuant to other-comprehensive-income accounting procedures in compliance with FAS 133.
In more detail, the system 100 is configured to reduce earnings volatility in accounting for hedge transactions pursuant to FAS 133 by determining a sensitivity value of a derivative portfolio subject to other-than-cash-flow accounting pursuant to FAS 133. The trading component 120 can operate to complete an at-the-market purchase establishing a first long position in a first trading instrument in a quarterly forward amount equal to the current sensitivity (as determined by module 140) of the portfolio such that changes in value of immunizing instruments are subject to treatment as quarterly earnings pursuant to FAS 133. Implicit in the term "equal to the current sensitivity" is an understanding that the total value of trading is related to both the sensitivity of the instruments and the size of the underlying hedge portfolio. The system 120 also transacts qualifying transactions (e.g., an at-the-market fixed price sale establishing a first short position in a second trading instrument) such that changes in value of the qualifying transactions is accounted for under as OCI pursuant to FAS 133. In general, some or all of these operations of system 100 may be replaced by human-performed operations.
The system 100 can also include software to establish a substantially neutral delta of the portfolio in response to rising and falling markets. That is, the software 140 can transact purchases and sales to establish additional long and short positions so as to maintain a substantially neutral delta of a total of the long positions and short positions.
The invention may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them. Apparatus of the invention may be implemented in a computer program product tangibly embodied in a machine-readable storage device for execution by a programmable processor; and method steps of the invention may be performed by a programmable processor executing a program of instructions to perform functions of the invention by operating on input data and generating output. The invention may advantageously be implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor coupled to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a data storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device. Each computer program may be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language, or in assembly or machine language if desired; and in any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Suitable processors include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory and/or a random access memory. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM disks. Any of the foregoing may be supplemented by, or incorporated in, specially-designed ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits).
A number of embodiments of the present invention have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the sensitivity calculation element 140 can calculate delta (sensitivity) and gamma (the rate of change of delta) using the well-known Black-Scholes methods, modifications of the Black-Scholes method, or other (non-Black-Scholes) calculations of sensitivity. Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Why I cannot get enough of this?
Well, check out the movement of each element, sound paired with movement, elegant type, black and white, need I go on?…
MvsM is brilliant.
This is my senior show! Please take a look and pass it around. Lots of hard work and love into this one!
Oh Beyonce. You always get it right.
7TV REBRANDING: Channel Idents from Greg Barth on Vimeo.
The colors, music and movement of this set of clips is so cool. They way they compile the objects with the visual aesthetic packs in so much emotional engagement for the viewer. I love it.
The behind the scenes look is equally as interesting. Check that out at http://www.gregbarth.tv/7TV-Idents-Making-Of.
The packaging on this is simple and the glass creates depth and a timeless look . Having one of these on my desk would make it an infinitely happier place.


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New music from Dream Theater, Machine Head and Opeth is now streaming on this very site!
Click here to hear "On the Backs of Angels," the first single from Dream Theater's forthcoming album A Dramatic Turn of Events, due out September 13!
Click here to hear "Locust," the first single from Machine Head's forthcoming album Unto the Locust, due out September 27!
Click here to hear "The Devil's Orchard," the first single from Opeth's forthcoming album Heritage, due out September 20!


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Itouch Issues
My new 32gb itouch initial screen comes on normally, then the screen stays in an enlarged mode. I can't seem to make the screen go back to normal size. Any suggestions?
Try shutting off and then reboot. Hold Off button for 5 secs or so.
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Its a very stereotypical thing. the stereotyped pretty girl is conceited & popular, so ti keep her power she belittles those around her who she believes could be a threat to her popularity or status. therefor she attempts to make a mockery of this person, wether to make herself feel better or to show power ornto keep hold of her power, she tears them down. this has given pretty girls a bad name, because in our world if you see one pretty girl like that, than every other pretty girl must be exactly like her. this world judges without knowing any facts.n
Its just a stereotype. Just like french people smoking a lot is or Canadians exaggerate ABOOT and OOT (idk how to really spell them exaggerated lol). Just a stereotype
Because they're stuck up b1tches.
Can't handle the truth, uh?
Because they are either jealous or intimidated by the girls beauty! So it is easier to say they are mean; then to actually attempt to talk with them. So assumptions get made by shallow thinkers!
Because they are stupid and just tell you what they think ba<x>sed on what they hear
I know plenty of ugly guys and chicks that are really mean. So pretty girls don't hold the rights to meaness.
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Being that we are taxed to the hilt, why make us do the calculation to figure out the realistic price? Nothing like getting it rubbed in my face many times a day. Just put the real price on the tag.
214 votesI disagree
Being that we are taxed to the hilt, why make us do the calculation to figure out the realistic price? Nothing like getting it rubbed in my face many times a day. Just put the real price on the tag.
Absolutely. Would probably drive prices down too.
No it wouldn't do you have facts to back that up? It also means sales taxes can be raised without people noticing. If you can't figure out 13% in your head, you have other problems.
Burying the tax would just make it easier for sneaky and unannounced increases. Transparency is always best.
How often do we have sneaky and announced tax increases? Dumb.
No Gord Drimmie, adding xx tax included somewhere on the label would be the right thing to do
Show the price with all taxes included, as they do in Europe. Show the calculation on the tag and on the receipt.
As with most countries of the world, why hide the real price of an item? We all know that we have to pay the HST so why not simply include it in the price and know the real cost of any item? It would make life so much simpler for all levels of society including the old and the poor and the less educated people.
I agree absolutely, although this may be a federal matter. It's tiresome to hold up the checkout line while I fumble with change, having not known the price in advance. They do this in Australia and like our gas receipts, the included VAT is clearly shown on the bill of sale.
It is easy to decide if you like this idea or not. Quite aside from the considerations of adding hidden extra taxes or thinking it is "tax free", consider purchasing gasoline or alcohol. Both are highly taxed (which is probably why the tax is included in the price). When you go to the LCBO, if the bottle says $15 that is what you pay. Similar for gasoline. Do you like that, or do you like other stores where it always seems you have to pay more than you expected, even when you tried to guess how much to pay. (Assuming you don't use a calculator.)
I like to see the tax separately thank you. The system we have works just fine. of course I never use cash and so I'm never caught fumbling around for another coin or so.
Disagree. Ontarians all to often forget how over-taxed we are. Any mandate that would help to hide the taxes I would not support. We need to be pushing for a more efficient Government that taxes us less, not enable them to rob us more.
The tax would be shown on the tag, right under the real price an item costs. It would not be hidden.
Well, the taxes are not hidden on Australian or gas receipts, they are very clearly displayed. I just do not understand why consumers need to be clubbed with sticker surprise for them to see the governments take.
This would just be an additional cost to businesses, thus prices would rise. Additionally I agree that burying the tax = less transparency.
Not really. Now the receipts show price before tax, tax and total. This way the receipts would show total then tax included. It would not be "buried". But I do agree the LCBO should show the tax proportion on their receipts, as well as the beer store (who should always hand out receipts).
This site is not meant to be a discussion blog on certain issues but to provide ideas on the next Government policies. If you agree or disagree, simply click on it.
Perhaps you could explain what the Comments section is for if it is not for comments.
This is something we have needed for many years.
Great post.This is how it is in Europe, and it's wonderful. I always figured tax was omitted to give the illusion of a lower price, much like any price that ends with ".99"
show both
I think that the taxes should be included in the price. I thought this ever since I traveled to the US. I remember going oh - THIS IS THE PRICE after going to pay. There is a reason why it is better for some. For one, when you go to a grocery store some items are taxed, most are not but having the tax in the price means that we will know the cost and then be surprised when we purchase it at the till and go, oh that has tax. We know how much we are taxed, I don't think it will make adding more taxes easier.
Indeed, what comes out of my pocket, and what I get for it is what counts.
What you're having "rubbed in your face many times a day" is a reminder of one of the taxes we all pay. No burying it for me thank you, I prefer the reminder. As to putting the taxes on the price tag, absolutely, but that's for us as consumers to insist on from the stores we support.
This is a terrible idea. It would allow governments to more easily hide any taxes or tax increases within the price of an item.


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Child, youth & family health
Page contents: Overview | Child health services - Guidelines for the community health program | Addressing maternal health | Improving outcomes in early childhood | Improving your health | Counselling | Further information
CHSs offer a range of allied health and support services to children and their families. Services aim to promote children's positive development, intervene early to address child health and developmental problems and support parent's active participation in their child's early learning and development. Services typically provided to children and families by CHSs include: care coordination, dietetics, family counselling, physiotherapy, psychology, podiatry, occupational therapy, and speech pathology; available individually or as part of a group program. A range of health promotion activities are also provided by some CHSs.
Child health services - Guidelines for the community health program
These child health guidelines set out what is expected of child health services provided through the Community Health Program.
These guidelines complement the overarching Community Health Integrated Program (CHIP) guidelines which aim to improve consistency across the state in planning, program design and service delivery, and to clarify expectations for coordinated service provision. The documents are designed to be used in conjunction with each other, and with other key documents outlining the range of responsibilities and requirements of funded organisations.
Addressing maternal health
The Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies program was funded in the 2008-09 state budget and seeks to reduce the burden of chronic disease by addressing maternal risk behaviours and providing support during pregnancy. The program operates in the outer growth suburbs of Melbourne that have high numbers of births, higher rates of relative socioeconomic disadvantage and lower service accessibility. The program targets pregnant women who are unable to access antenatal care services or require additional support because of their socioeconomic status, culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent, age or residential distance to services.
Improving outcomes in early childhood
Improving outcomes in early childhood is a priority of the Victorian government. Through supporting early identification and treatment of health and developmental problems, CHSs are well placed to respond to the needs of young children and their families.
Multidisciplinary child health teams operate in some CHSs and provide paediatric services and family support to children 0-12 years, with priority given to the 0-6 year age group.
Improving youth health
The Innovative Health Services for Homeless Youth (IHSHY) program is a State/Commonwealth funded program that promotes health care for homeless and at risk young people. Funded services provide health promotion and respond to the complex health needs of their clients, improving their access to mainstream health services.
There are eighteen IHSHY programs in operation across Victoria.
Counselling services funded by the Community Health Program aim to improve the mental health and well-being of young people, adults and families living in the community by offering supportive counselling, case-work, practical support, advocacy and referral and linkage to other services as needed. The aim is to ensure that all Victorians have access to affordable, effective counselling that is accessible and culturally appropriate.
Further information
Contact information for further queries.


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Hundreds to rally Tuesday at Capitol for windstorm reform
CORPUS CHRISTI - The 500 people planning to rally Tuesday for windstorm reform on the north steps of the state Capitol arrived from various points along the South Texas coast and sport varied backgrounds.
The group, whose nucleus is the Corpus Christi Chamber of Commerce, includes elements from Beaumont and Galveston. A group from Brownsville also is expected to attend.
Most share two things in common: they pay premiums on wind and hailstorm policies insured by the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association and wonder if a big storm strikes the coast, will the financially strapped association will be there for them?
As of Feb. 19, the state's insurer of last resort for wind and hailstorm policies in 14 coastal counties carried about $300 million in cash reserves, barely enough to cover losses from a 10-year storm. Its liabilities exceed $74 billion.
In 2012 — an interim year, between legislative sessions, when legislators are in their home districts — the association's woes came to the forefront as inland lawmakers questioned whether the association would be able to pay claims in the event of a catastrophic storm.
Thus began a running debate between lawmakers such as state Rep. Todd Hunter, R-Corpus Christi, state Rep. John Smithee, R-Amarillo, and Texas Department of Insurance Commissioner Eleanor Kitzman over how the problem can be solved.
Hunter and state Sen. Juan "Chuy" Hinojosa, D-McAllen, have fought reform that puts the burden of paying to repair the damages squarely on the shoulders of coastal property owners, many from poor, rural areas.
A group of citizens, business leaders and experts from coastal counties assembled during the summer and crafted a plan to reform the association's intricate funding structure by ensuring that it at all times keeps at least $1 billion in savings and in so doing makes it a more credible borrower on the open bonding and reinsurance markets.
The plan, supporters said, would ensure funding of about $7 billion, enough to handle a single 250-year storm or multiple smaller storms in a given year.
Legislation filed last week by state Sen. John Carona, R-Dallas, and crafted by a group of four public members of a joint committee to study the issue, gradually would abolish the association.
In its place would rise a state-appointed manager who would shepherd over an assigned risk pool, where retail insurance companies would bid upon assigned coastal wind and hailstorm policies on a round-robin basis.
The assigned risk plan would allow wind and hailstorm rates to adjust for market conditions, raising the ceiling on wind and hailstorm policy premiums that for years has been kept artificially low by the Legislature and has been one of the most-cited barriers to market for private insurers.
Coastal leaders said the plan would crush the coastal economy by forcing residents to cover giant rate increases.
"Windstorm is a statewide problem," said Foster Edwards, Corpus Christi Chamber of Commerce CEO. "It requires a statewide solution."
Hunter on Monday said he received an open door to work with Carona's office on the bill, but said he could not support a bill that leaves no safeguards against rate increases and lowers coverage limits.
Other bills may be filed as early as Tuesday, in advance of the Friday deadline for filing nonlocal legislation.
Hunter is in position to wield significant influence over the process. He is in his seventh legislative session overall and second as chairman of the powerful House Calendars Committee through which every bill must pass before it can come to the House floor for a substantive vote.
Smithee also is a powerful legislator with institutional knowledge of the legislative process combine and an unprecedented tenure over the House Insurance Committee.
But, if only for a few minutes Tuesday morning, a few hundred people will attach themselves to the lawmaking process that most find confusing, frustrating and, even boring. And those whose homes are cradled in the Coastal Bend, or braced in rows along the Galveston shoreline, will stand on the north end of the massive pink granite Capitol and remind the 83rd Legislature of its obligation to help them meet the next storm.
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400 council workers on zero hour contracts in Gloucestershire
Posted: December 24, 2013|
MORE than 400 workers in Gloucestershire are on zero hours or casual contracts with local authorities.
Figures obtained by the Citizen under the Freedom of Information Act show 431 council workers are working - but on contracts which don't guarantee hours.
The working arrangement hit national headlines earlier this year with unions claiming they mask unemployment figures, and some employers saying they give both firms and workers flexibility.
Gloucestershire County Council has 180 people directly working for it on the contracts.
That includes 50 celebrants and registration officers, 49 library assistants, 35 social care workers, 20 cycling instructors and 26 people in unspecified roles.
Councillor Ray Theodoulou, cabinet member for finance and change, said: "Like many other businesses, we use fair contracts for temporary workers when we need extra staff.
"For example, for roles like marriage celebrations where we don't always know how many people we'll need on a given day, flexible contracts help us meet that demand.
"We don't force people to take work exclusively from us or stop them taking other jobs, and if they turn down a position we'll still consider them for future opportunities."
In a statement, Gloucestershire County Council said: "The council does not use any of the zero-hours contract types which place onerous obligations on the worker but no obligations on the employer.
"The council does (and has done so for many years) make use of what are described as 'relief worker contracts', which do not have fixed/specified hours.
"There is traditionally an increase in demand for marriage ceremonies in the summer months, so having additional, relief celebrants available to the council allows the organisation to manage this demand and meet the needs of our customers."
The number of zero hours workers at Gloucester City Council is coming down. In 2010/11 there were 135, the following year 98, and last year 80.
The council said their roles include assisting with catering, events, museum access and Shopmobility.
Stroud District Council does not have what it calls zero hours workers but has 115 engaged on casual contracts - there is no obligation on the council to offer work to the individual and no obligation on the worker to accept what is offered.
"The council does not operate 'zero hour' contracts, whereby the worker is obliged to be available and to accept the work when it is offered," said the council in a statement.
A Gloucester City Council spokesperson said: "We now have less than 80 zero hours employees and only use them to assist in areas of variable public demand. We discuss our requirements with them in advance wherever possible."
Tewkesbury Borough Council said it has 56 casual workers but none on zero hours terms.
Cheltenham Borough Council has employed casual workers but could not say how many, while Forest of Dean District Council has no zero hours workers.
Cotswold District Council has zero hours contracts with 12 workers, who do jobs including lifeguarding, sports coaching and working in leisure centres. However those employed on those contracts can refuse work when offered.


text: Home WELCOMEWatch our welcome video featuring Dr. Dana Goodnough, Senior Pastor at PCC.WORSHIPSunday services: 9:00 & 10:30amSunday school: 9:00amWatch Sundays LiveWATCH LIVEAwana Clubs at PCCWednesday night club programs for ages 3 years to 6th grade. MORE INFOLife GroupsGet connected! Join a Life Group at PCC.Visit our LIFE GROUPS PAGEPittsford Bible InstituteJoin us each Wednesday for a study on Church History. MORE INFO/SIGN UP


text: No recent wiki edits to this page. ROBOTS!The Armored Core series revolves around mercenaries called Ravens (LYNX in the latest games), taking on missions using giant customizable robots called Armored Cores, usually at the behest of mega-corporations vying for ultimate control. Very rarely are individuals depicted in the stories of Armored Core games, which usually focus on the broader political scheming between the corporations and the government in their struggle for power.You could spend hours swapping out parts.In between missions, the player is tasked with preparing their Armored Core with the right parts for combat. Each mission usually requires certain attributes for success, and factors such as weight and energy consumption can heavily influence the way a battle will play out.In order to reward efficiency, the player's reward for completing a mission will be lowered based on the cost of repairs and ammunition spent during play, as well as any special deductions that may occur if certain critical targets are destroyed if the mission calls for limits on collateral damage. On the other hand, missions may reward players going beyond the call of duty with special credits for finding or destroying high-value targets.Fourteen games have been released in the series, not counting PSP ports of PS2 games, making Armored Core one of the longer running series in gaming. It, like most From Software titles, enjoys limited success and are not often designed for broad-market appeal. The fifteenth game in the series, Armored Core V, was recently released.


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Society Diaries
The latest happenings in Houston's society scene
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Hotel Zaza's annual Pink Party raises $20,000
By sunset on Thursday, even the sky turned flush for the Susan G. Komen fourth annual Pink Party at Hotel Zaza. More than 400 Palm Beach-chic guests gathered in the Museum District, lounging on blush Veuve Clicquot pillows and walking the pink carpet. Models wearing looks from Tootsies towered above the scene on bubblegum-hued blocks surrounding […] [Read More]
Sidewalk Show at B19
A Birkin-inspired tic tac toe. A Louis Vuitton-patterned elephant. Artist Travis Hedemann uses luxury satire in his pop-art pieces. Fitting with his laid-back vibe, Hedemann and his wife, Meredith, organized a pop-up sidewalk show at Brasserie 19 with 10 percent of sales benefiting The Women's Home. Creative types such as Jill Faucetta and Tiffany […] [Read More]
DiverseWorks plans gala
Before DiverseWorks' stylish soiree on Oct. 23, a Fashion Fete! Gala, event co-chairs Liz Gorman, Alton LaDay and Tiffany Halik gathered their host committee and supportive friends for a fundraising prelude to the charitable affair. Art patrons Judy and Scott Nyquist welcomed fashionable, in-the-knows like Tatiana Massey, Shannon Hall and Jeff Shell to their home. […] [Read More]