text:
Victoria University (VU) is one of the largest universities based in Melbourne, Australia. It is a multi-sector institution offering qualifications in vocational education (TAFE), short courses and higher education. The University is a member of the SAP University Alliances since 1998 and the Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU).
The University has three Higher Education faculties: Faculty of Arts, Education and Human Development; Faculty of Business and Law; Faculty of Health, Engineering and Science.
VU Faculty of Business and Law has five schools: Accounting; Economics and Finance; Hospitality, Tourism and Marketing; Law; and Management and Information Systems. The undergraduate Accounting courses are professionally accredited by CPA Australia, the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia, the National Institute of Accountants and the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants.
Victoria University has a number of Research Centres and Institutes such as the Centre for Ageing, Rehabilitation, Exercise and Sport Science (CARES); Centre for Telecommunications and Micro-Electronics (CTME); Centre for Tourism and Services Research (CTSR); Work-based Education Research Centre (WERC); Centre for Environmental Safety and Risk Engineering (CESARE); Centre for Strategic Economic Studies (CSES); Institute for Logistics and Supply Chain Management (ILSCM); Institute for Community, Ethnicity and Policy Alternatives (ICEPA); Institute for Sustainability and Innovation (ISI).
Ratings and Rankings:
- Victoria University received the maximum 5-star rating from graduates for the development of generic skills and for staff-to-student radio (Good Universities Guide 2008).
- Placed among the Top 20 Universities with good teaching standards and performance in a survey by The Australian, 2006.
- Awarded five stars rating from graduates for their educational experience (Good Univ Guide 2005 and 2006).
- 31st overall among the Best Science and Technology Schools (Asiaweek ranking 2000).
* Suggested Reading: Top Universities in Melbourne (Australia)


text:
Jake Schmitt
Primary Event: 10,000
Location Kentfield, CA
Hometown: Kentfield
College/University: University of Washington
Website: http://www.bayareatrackclub.com/speaker/2021-Jake-Schmitt
Twitter: @jakeschmitt
Career Highlights:
"Active member of the Bay Area Track Club pursuing my goals to make it to the top of our sport. Absolutely believe in the growth, development, and fostering of the athletes in our sport and the sport itself!"
TFAA Members | Learn More About the TFAA | Become a Member | Contact Us

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Eddie Basha passes away at 75
PHOENIX -- Eddie Basha passed away Tuesday, a family friend said.
"This is truly a sad day for Arizona with the passing of Eddie," said Mary Jo West, a friend of the Basha family and former employee of Basha's.
West said that Basha was a bit of a prankster and would often disguise his voice when calling stores and his friends.
"You would have a great, great laugh once you realized it was Eddie," she said.
Basha was 75. He is survived by his wife and six sons.
"It's like an era has passed," said West.
Friends said Basha and his company gave and raised millions of dollars for worthwhile causes around the state for years. He also was known to hand $100 bills out to panhandlers and singlehandedly bailed out countless community-service groups.
Phoenix Mayor Greg Stanton released the following statement on the passing of Basha.
Eddie Basha was a giant in our state's history. Not only as a business leader but as a passionate advocate for education. He served selflessly on the Chandler Unified School District Board, Arizona Board of Education and the Arizona Board of Regents. It is because of Eddie and Nadine we have First Things First, giving thousand of Arizona children a chance for early childhood education. He will be missed, but never forgotten.
William Roe, Chairman of the Arizona Democratic Party, gave a statement on the loss of Basha.
We are all saddened by the death of Eddie Basha. Eddie's life was a wonderful example of kindness, generosity and humor. He liked to refer to himself as your "friendly neighborhood grocer," but he was so much more. Eddie was a champion of education. The entire state of Arizona benefited from Eddie and his wife Nadine's unwavering dedication to improving our education system. We wish to convey our sympathy and prayers to Eddie's family. Tonight we all mourn the loss of an Arizona giant.
Governor Jan Brewer also released a heartfelt statement in remembrance of Basha.
It was with sadness that I learned this afternoon of the passing of Eddie Basha. I had known and worked with him throughout my 30 years in public service. Regardless of the issue - and we did not always come down on the same side - I invariably found him to be genuine in his beliefs and a gentleman in his actions.
"Eddie was Arizona through and through. Born of a pioneer Arizona family, Eddie grew to become one of our state's giants in business, politics and community service. He loved Arizona, and it showed in his decades of devoted work on behalf of Arizona schools and students.
"Eddie Basha showed all that could - and still can - be accomplished in Arizona with hard work, dedication to community and love of family. That may be his most lasting legacy, and it's one for which his family can be proud.
A cause of death wasn't immediately released, but Basha's family says he had been in failing health for some time.
Basha's grandfather and father opened the first of what would become the family-owned supermarket chain in 1932.
He took over the business at age 31 when his dad died in 1968.
Basha guided the Chandler-based company for more than 40 years and at one time, the chain had about 165 stores serving all 15 of Arizona counties. It also diversified into the Hispanic market with Food City stores and into upscale grocery shopping with AJ's Fine Foods.
Declining sales due to a recession prompted the chain to seek Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 2009. It also closed more than 30 unprofitable stores and renegotiated more favorable lease terms on many of its remaining locations.
Basha appeared on the supermarket's television and newspaper ads, which gave him statewide name and face recognition.
He also served on the Arizona Board of Regents and unsuccessfully ran for Arizona governor in 1994.
Basha is survived by his wife and six sons, including four from his first marriage.
Funeral plans weren't immediately released Tuesday.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.


text:
The current invention represents a system which facilitates the use of electronic catalogs in a manner that is presentational and language neutral. This is accomplished by managing and manipulating the system at the level of conceptual entities and the separation of these conceptual entities presentational form, from their manipulation form.
1. A computer based multiple concurrent language electronic catalog system comprising:
means for providing concept entities in a concept entity based hierarchical knowledge representation of symbols for the electronic catalog;
means for dividing the concept entities of the hierarchical knowledge representation of the symbols into computer readable manipulation forms of the symbols used for computer manipulation and for storage retrieval and not for end user Presentations and human readable locale specific presentation forms of the symbols with parent and child entities hierarchically linked so that the presentation forms of the symbols are translated once and inherited for end user presentation of concept entities in locale contexts wherein there is a plurality of different locale specific presentation forms associated with each manipulation form and wherein there are multiple manipulation forms associated with a locale specific presentation form when there are multiple semantically different uses of a symbol in the same locale presentation form;
means for permitting selection by users of one or more of the presentation forms for each of the manipulation forms for presenting the concept entities in a selected locale context;
means for maintaining the selected presentation form separate from the manipulation form; and
means for providing a concept entity based on navigating through the electronic catalog using the manipulation form of the concept whereby translations of symbols are shared while semantic differences in use of symbols in a particular locale are resolved.
2. The computer based multiple concurrent language electronic catalog system of
3. The computer based multiple concurrent language electronic catalog system of
4. The computer based multiple concurrent language catalog system of
5. The computer based multiple concurrent electronic catalog system of
6. The computer based multiple concurrent language electronic catalog system of
7. The computer based multiple concurrent language electronic catalog system of
8. The computer, based multiple concurrent language catalog system of
9. The computer based multiple concurrent language catalog system of
10. The computer based concurrent language electronic catalog system of
11. The computer based multiple concurrent language catalog system of
12. In a multiple concurrent language electronic catalog computer system, the method comprising the steps of:
providing concept entities of a concept entity based hierarchical knowledge representation of symbols for the electronic catalog;
dividing concept entities of the hierarchical knowledge representation of the symbols into computer readable manipulation forms used for computer manipulation and not used for end user presentation and locale specific presentation forms with parent and child entities of the symbols hierarchically linked so that the symbols are translated once and inherited for end user presentation of concept entities in locale contexts wherein there Is a plurality of different presentation forms for different locales associated with each manipulation form and there is a different manipulation form for each different use of a symbol in a single locale;
permitting selection of one of the presentation forms for each manipulation form for presenting the concept entities in a selected locale context;
maintaining the selected one of the presentation forms separate from the associated manipulation form; and
navigating through the electronic catalog using the manipulation forms of the concept entities whereby translations of the symbols are shared while semantic differences in use of the symbols are resolved.
13. The method of
substituting the appropriate locale presentation symbol for the associated manipulation symbol in the selected presentation form.
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24. A computer program product on a computer readable medium for a multiple electronic catalog computer system comprising:
software code for providing concept entities to a concept entity based hierarchical knowledge representation of words for the electronic catalog in a plurality of locale specific forms;
software code for dividing concept entities of the hierarchical knowledge representation into nonlocale specific, computer readable manipulation forms with different manipulation forms for different meanings of a word used for computer manipulation and storage retrieval and not for end user presentation and the locale specific presentation forms with parent and child concept entities hierarchically linked so that words are translated once and the translations inherited for presentation of concept entities in locale contexts wherein there is a plurality of different locale specific presentation forms associated with each manipulation form;
software code for permitting selection of one of the locale specific presentation forms for each of the manipulation forms for presenting the concept entities in a selected locale context;
software code for maintaining the selected one of the presentation forms separate from the associated manipulation form; and
software code for providing a concept entity based on navigating through the electronic catalog using the manipulation form of the concept whereby translations of a word are shared while semantic differences in use of the word in a locale is resolved.
25. The computer program product of
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The current invention represents a system which facilitates the use of electronic catalogs in a manner that is presentational and language neutral. This is accomplished by managing and manipulating the system at the level of conceptual entities or units and the separation their presentational form, from their manipulation form.
As business activities are becoming increasingly more international, companies are required, in each country in which a company conducts business, to operate in several different languages. The diversity of these cultures produces a challenge for information systems. Each culture wants the software and data it produces to support the local conventions and cultures. This means that software must be translated for each of these cultures. The cultures can differ in terms of script (written languages used), languages, meaning of pictures and images, currency conventions, address and telephone number conventions, data and time conventions, units of measures commonly used, and many other aspects of the information system.
Typically, the term globalization is used to refer to the process of enabling software to support multiple languages. Globalization involves removing all cultural biased conventions from the software and placing them into external resource files so that the software can more quickly be adapted to the conventions and language of a particular culture. The term localization is used to refer to the process of providing a particular cultural binding of the software. The localization process involves translating the strings, images, and other elements of the system to a form that matches the local conventions of a particular culture. In the context of this system, translation can be substituting words, phrases, images, sound or another form of multi-media content to those which are more familiar or correct for a particular locale.
Further, the cost of translating systems and information can be quite expensive. This cost is particularly high if the information system changes frequently. Each change must be made for all the locales. If a system can not manage the effects of change efficiently, increased costs are the result as unneeded translations are required.
Today, globalization systems are limited in that their operation is restricted to the string level where each string in the system is placed in a resource file and then translated. These systems are further restricted to loading no more than one resource file at a time, consequently, they are unable to support more than a single locale at any particular moment in time.
The instant inventive system utilizes a hierarchical knowledge representation in order to more efficiently support the translation and management of multiple locales. Utilizing this type of knowledge representation provides two key advantages. The first is a greater ability to differentiate semantically different symbols within the system. The second, is the ability to reutilize the translation of these symbols in the knowledge representation scheme with concurrent local support.
This problem is particularly acute for electronic catalogs deployed in the global scope of the Internet where the need for concurrent language and presentation support for multiple locales is evident.
This instant computer software system facilitates the use of electronic catalogs in a manner that is presentational and language neutral. This is accomplished by managing and manipulating the system at the level of conceptual entities or units and the separation of these conceptual entities presentational form, from their manipulation form.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of symbols and translations for a television concept.
FIG. 2 is a diagram to negotiate a presentation concept.
FIGS. 3A and 3B contain a diagram of a sample application of the preprocessor controller.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a sample shoe categorization.
FIGS. 5A and 5B contain a diagram of a sample category search.
Every entity (e.g. data object) in the system has a pointer to a list of resource objects. These entities represent the distinct conceptual units in the system. The system manages information as conceptual units or idioms instead of as text strings, words, or some arbitrary unit. The resource objects represent a set of presentation symbols that are presented to the user as the visual, auditory, or other sensory output for the entity. The resources are grouped into locale contexts. The locale context represents a collection of resources which share a common language, set of local cultural conventions, or common set of terminology's and presentation units. These locale contexts are grouped to make indexing into the presentation symbols within a particular locale context more efficient.
The heart of our system is the utilization of information management and modeling techniques as a method to facilitate the process of translation and localization of information and a system that adds on to these systems features the facilitation of multi-locale support. A discussion of the use of the Knowledge Representation for the management of information, on management of multi-lingual/multiple presentation to form catalog information follows.
Hierarchical Knowledge Representation:
The instant system utilizes a hierarchical knowledge representation. Further, this system utilizes inheritance hierarchies similar to object oriented systems. In these types of systems an entity or concept can be described or defined as an extension of another concept or entity in the system. For example the following is a simple example of this type of hierarchical knowledge representation.
A typical hierarchical knowledge representation system supports the construction and manipulation of a conceptual model. Such a model includes descriptions of concepts or frames, such as a company, together with their instances, such as IBM or Compaq. Concepts are organized into a taxonomy based on generalization relationships, so that more general concepts are higher in the taxonomy than their specialization's, e.g., company subsumes computer company, which subsumes software company, and so on. Concepts and their instances are also described in terms of their properties. For example, company might have an employee property whose values are constrained to be of type human. Properties can be "inherited" from a concept to its subconcepts as well as its instances, so that computer company, software company, and IBM would all have an employee property too.
Such systems separate semantically different concepts. This allows a more precise translation process. Semantic concepts can be very different across cultures. For example, the single word "Rice" in English has many different representations in Japanese cultures.
Another example involves the word "Size" . In a typical product catalog the word size is an extremely heavily used word concept. However, the meaning of the word size can be very different depending on what type of product is being described. Size is very different when describing shoes than describing memory within a computer. By utilizing the hierarchical knowledge representation these strings are cleanly separated and translation can be facilitated to those most appropriate terms.
Further, a hierarchical knowledge representation facilitates the reuse of semantically similar symbols across a knowledge space. For example, if the word "Size" is used in the same semantical way within several different products descriptions, the translation of the word size only needs to occur once.
The instant system uses a frame based semantic knowledge representative system in order to minimize the amount of translation that must be done. Semantic symbols are only represented in the system a single time. Then the symbol and its translation are inherited by other concepts that need them. For example, a Japanese translation for shoe might be inherited as the translation for dress shoe and casual shoe, in the absence of more specific translations. This is different than the string substitution method used in some other systems. Two strings which are syntactically similar may be semantically different. This underlying semantic difference produces a problem during translation since the strings are translated the same way for each language and can produce semantic inconsistencies.
The knowledge representation has the feature that symbols are separated by their semantics and that symbols with a common semantic point to a common symbol. This provides an advantage in translation and the management of translation in that each symbol only needs to be translated one time.
Further, even for systems that allow the reuse of presentation symbols, such as resource files, our system provides a means of logically organizing the presentational symbols. Other systems utilizing facilities such as resource files allow the user to reutilize strings many places within the system but provide no support to help manage these resource strings and presentation symbols. Therefore, maintenance and updates of the resources is a difficult task.
While many aspects of a given model may be application specific, others are rather general. A hierarchical knowledge representation scheme such as we have described is well suited for building models which include pre-existing components., e.g. for units of measure, can be built once, translated once per target language, and reused across many applications.
Conceptual Units
A conceptual unit is a complete idea or idiom and has a context. For example, a conceptual unit "size" may exist in a consumer catalog. The word "size" within this electronic catalog may be used to refer to the size of a shirt and also to the size of a hard drive within this same system. However the two uses of size are unique and must be represented by different and unique concepts or manipulation symbols within our system (e.g. Shirt Size and Disk Size) even though they may both represent themselves to the user as the word "Size" when presented to the user of the system in English. They are unique because the measure and meaning of the word size when it refers to a shirt is different than the measure and meaning of the word size when it refers to a hard drive. Similarly, if we have two different computers both with hard drives, they both utilize the same conceptual unit of size for those hard drives. Therefore, the conceptual unit of size is common for both, even though the conceptual unit is used by two different entities within the catalog. Conceptual units exist as either concepts, concept properties, or concept property values in the knowledge representation. All of these conceptual units are subject to translation. Consider the following:
Concept RedShoe extends Shoe
This example introduces a concept named RedShoe which is derived from another concept named Shoe (not shown). It has a property color whose value is red. Concepts represent new types within the instant system while properties are used to describe the characteristics of concepts.
A "concept" is an object, idea, or thing that we can talk about or think about within a particular application domain. When we describe an application the concepts are typically the nouns in the conversation. Concepts can be physical objects in the universe, imaginary objects, data structures within a computer system, or ideas. They are similar to the notion of classes within an object-oriented system (Booch 1994, Rumbugh, et al. 1991, Jacobson, et al. 1992 and Coad, 1995). "Properties" are scoped characteristics or attributes of a concept. Concepts and properties are both conceptual units and determining whether a conceptual unit is either a concept or a property is a knowledge engineering activity.
Computers are systems that contain and manipulate symbols. Conceptual units are represented and manipulated as symbols within an instant system. Symbols are abstractions that represent conceptual units within the universe. The instant system differentiates two types of symbols: (1) Manipulation Symbols and (2) Presentation Symbols.
Manipulation Symbols
This is the internal representation symbol that is primarily used for the computer for manipulation and storage retrieval. This symbol is not generally used for presentation purposes. The manipulation symbol may in fact exist in two forms. An internal object id form that is computer efficient but is not generally human readable and an object name, a form that is human readable but still a manipulation symbol that is generally not used for end-user presentations of the symbol. The object name form is "Semantic Sugar" for the object id to help in de-bugging the system and working with the system.
Presentation Symbols
These are symbols that are presented to the user to facilitate their interaction with the system. This symbol may be a string of characters, an image, animation, or any other presentational form of the symbol.
For each conceptual unit within the system there is a single manipulation symbol. This symbol may be associated with one or more presentation symbols. A named group of presentation symbols make up a locale or locale context . These locale contexts may be based on an internationalization standard such as XPG4 or the POSIX locales or it may correspond to a user defined context. For Example, user defined locales representing two translations or sets of presentation symbols for US English, would be considered locale context . One could utilize "domain expert" terminology while the other utilizes novice terminology. For example conceptual unit describing laptop displays may have the presentation string "Display Resolution" in an US English Expert locale context, but utilize the presentation string "Screen Clarity" in a U.S. English novice locale context. These locales might also have the values "1600�1200" as a presentation string for a conceptual unit that represents one of the values in the U.S. English Expert locale context and might utilize the presentation string"Extremely Clear" in the U.S. novice locale context. Given the run-time support for multiple concurrent locales, and the notion of a conceptual unit, different translations choices can be made on a fine-grained basis (e.g.., concept by concept) during the course of a single user session.
The separation of manipulation symbols from presentational symbols and the use of locales is a common practice in systems that support multiple languages. However, in most traditional systems these bindings from manipulation sources to presentation symbols are statistically defined. A system loads one resource file at a time and runs in the locale supported by the locale. In our system, the design supports the concurrent use of multiple locales at the same run time. Therefore, a user can have presented to them with respect to information in multiple locales at the same time. In this patent application the concurrence within the system is important as part of the facilitation of translation.
Note that in FIG. 1 the left-hand side represents the manipulation symbols 100 (the human non-readable ids in addition to the human read readable object names-see the Symbols section) while the right-handside 102, 103, 104 represents the locale specific presentation symbols translated from the corresponding human understandable manipulation symbols. Further, most traditional systems do not break translation up into "conceptual" units. Instead, most globalization systems work at the string or resource level where each translated string in the system is placed in a resource file.
Concepts in the instant system are types. Further, the information within a concept is typed. For example, its "name" may be of type string with a particular value such as "my Concept" More over a concept may have properties such as "my Size" of type Size, with values, small, medium and large.
The Process: Client and Server
The system consists of two logical pieces of software; the client software and the server software. The client software is the piece of software that is responsible for interacting with the user. It renders information to be presented to the user and receives the interaction requests from the user.
The server is responsible for processing the requests from the user and returning information to be rendered by the client. The client and server can be co-located on the same machine and even within the same software process or can be distributed across a multitude of machines.
Locale/Locale Context Negotiation
The first step in the process is to negotiate some locale/locale context between the client and the server software systems. FIG. 2 illustrates the prior art that exists for means of negotiating a locale between a client 201 and server 202 software system. For example, HTTP 1.1 specifies a protocol interchange for determining HTML language levels support, HTTP protocol level support, preferred natural language, and object forms that are preferred (e.g. GIF vs. JPEG).
The software systems must negotiate to create locale/locale context in which the server can operate. The scope and duration of this context can vary depending on the needs of the software system. It can exist for the duration of an interaction between the client and the server systems or can be at a very fine level of granularity for each individual request to the server system.
Metaphor controller: Within the software system requests on the server are processed by modules or software components called metaphor controllers. A metaphor controller is a piece of software that provides some form of catalog interaction with the client. For example, controllers exist that provide support for category navigation, parameteric search, question & answer sessions with the client, and a multitude of other interactions.
The metaphor controller in the case of an HTML/HTTP session can be a CGI scripts or servelet that is invoked by the HTTP server. In the case of other software systems it may be a subroutine, subprogram, or embedded component within the system. The metaphor controller is invoked as part of the request to the server. In the case of HTML it may be named or invoked as part of the URL request to the HTTP server.
One of metaphor controllers is the metaphor preprocessors , as seen in FIG. 3. The metaphor preprocessor performs two actions:
Based on the locale/locale context of the current session with the client it determines the appropriate object files to return to the client.
In the case of HTML files or other processable types of files the preprocessor controller may scan the file and invoke other metaphor controllers, or process the file being returned to substitute manipulation symbols with the appropriate presentation symbols based on the context locale/locale of the user.
For example the following might be a template for an HTML file being returned to the user:
This HTML file would be preprocessed by the metaphor preprocessor. Every place that the <Concept Name=> tag is found, the associated manipulation symbol is substituted with the presentation symbol for the appropriate locale/locale context.
In a more complex form of markup that might be processed by the metaphor preprocessor there could be invocation strings for other metaphor controllers to be invoked that interact on some portion of the HTML file:
In this case the metaphor processor would involve the "Category Manager" metaphor controller to process each piece of the HTML file where the <Metaphor=> tag is located. The "Category Manager metaphor controller would complete the portion of the file at this point.
Once it has completed processing, control is returned to the metaphor preprocessor who can invoke the next controller or return the final file back to the HTTP server for return to the client. A multitude of other controllers similar to the Catagory Manager Controller could be embedded and invoked in this process.
Preprocessing HTML files and invoking objects specified within the files is prior art. This technique and technology is used by a multitude of other systems. However, our system uses this as a process for allowing files to be managed and maintained in a language neutral manner. Language elements are kept with their context within the knowledge representation. This is similar to the idea of resource files within Windows, OS/2, and many other operating systems. However, there are some differences. Resource files within these operating systems are traditionally static and are bound to the executables during program linking. In this system the information is dynamically bound based on the locale I locale context. The locale/locale context can change many times during the interchange between the server and the client. Next, there is not necessarily a one to one correspondence between a resource id and the substitution. Since the resource ids can represent metaphor controllers where very complex substitution can be done that relate to entire metaphors within our system. Resources can also reference other resources during expansion to manage cultural specific differences in the presentation. For example addresses in the United States and Japan have different fields and orders.
Further, the HTML files that are being preprocessed themselves and the information being specified within them are all managed within our knowledge representation system. Therefore, the template itself is not fixed, but a different template file may be selected based on the locale/locale context. Therefore, we may have a template file that is designed for English users and another that has a very different design that is used for German users of our system.
Category Search through the Catalog: We will use category search as one example to illustrate how the client and server utilize the knowledge representation to provide locale context information back to the client system. Category search is a common form of search by which users locate information in electronic catalogs and other systems that contain large amounts of information. FIG. 4 presents an example of a categorization that might be found in a "shoe" catalog.
There are a multitude of manners in which a category search can be presented to the client software system such as trees or drill down stacks for when we click on "Footwear" 400 we are presented with "Mens" 401and "Womens" 402. Note that the same presentational forms of category names can exist in multiple places within our category. "Sneakers" appears under both the "Men's"403 and the "Women's"404 categories. However, while these two symbols have the same presentation they have different scopes and therefore are actually represented by statistically different manipulation symbols. In other cases we can have two different places in our categorization refer to the same symbol.
A category exploration metaphor can be statistically coded utilizing the method presented with the metaphor pre-processor described in the previous section. For example, static html pages that represent each view in the category could be encoded with the concepts to be expanded in order to represent the page. Another method would be to utilize a Java side client program and yet another would be to use a category metaphor controller that would fetch and render the HTML pages dynamically.
In all of these cases the interaction with the knowledge space is generally the same.
FIG. 5 illustrates a sample category search.
1. A locale/locale context is negotiated between the client and the server systems. The two systems interchange information about the desired locale and languages, desired code page, and representation forms that are supported.
2. The server program then receives requests from the client for searching through the categorization within the knowledge representation.
3. The category metaphor controller queries the catalog content management system for the list of concepts associated with "Shoes". Note that the catalog content management system manages the categorization information as a set of nodes and connections between nodes. These nodes and connections can be represented in a multitude of data structures including relational database tables or a hierarchical data system with pointers in memory between connected nodes.. The nodes in the knowledge representation each contain the manipulation symbols for describing and representing the category. This information may include symbols that represent a name for the category, descriptions of the category, or other properties of the category and the items that are contained within the category.
4. The system fetches the children of the categorization as described in the knowledge representation getting the manipulation symbols for the category and its properties.
5. The system then uses the locale/locale context dictionaries to "look-up" the proper presentation symbol of the each of the category or products information that are contained within the category based on the current locale/locale context. This can be a multi-dimensional map, in which the index is based on the language/locale, code-page desired, and other information within the context. The information can be statistically located within the dictionaries as is generally the case of simple string indexes for properties. However, the interaction can be more complex in some cases. For example, the servor system may store its data utilizing UNICODE strings by default. However, if the client requests the information as a set of MBCS strings the system must proceed in one of two ways. It can dynamically translate the UNICODE into the required MBCS code page strings and return them to the client. The other possibility is to have a two layered index into the dictionaries where the first level of the index finds the presentation string, and the second index finds the presentation string statistically represented in a particular code page representation. A third possibility is to have a manipulation symbol map into several representation symbol indices, one for each code page. The differences between the three is primarily a space vs. performance issue.
Further, integer and real values, typically represent units of measure or real world types within the catalog. For example sizes, weights, speeds, and lengths. It is generally not the case that numbers in a catalog do not have an associated unit of measure. Therefore, the system must detect the type of the unit of measure and provide a conversion from the stored from of the unit of measure to a form of the unit of measure that is desired based on the locale/locale context of the client system. For example, a system asking for a length in the United State might desire the measure in inches. A client system requesting the information from Great Britain or even in the United States for scientific purposes would be more likely to desire the results in centimeters or millimeters. It is not always the case that measures will be provided via conversions. Like static strings, there are cases in which units of measures are provided by a double indexed look up into the knowledge representation. For example it is unlikely the system will perform simple conversions on currencies. This is because conversion factors for currency are continually fluctuating. Consequently prices in the catalog may contain static pricing for the product in each locale. A more complex system might use a look up table for current conversion factors and have this lookup table being continually updated by some form of data stream. The important aspect of the system is that is looks into the knowledge representation for the presentational form of the manipulation symbols. It looks up in a dictionary the type and unit of measure of the presentation symbol within the desired locale/locale context. Unit of measure is a locale/locale context can have a set of user defined policy rules which are fired to form the actual presentation symbol. This can include simple look-ups into a column within a table for a predefined form of the presentation symbol, or can consist of complex conversions and calculation rules in order to dynamically create and calculate the required presentation symbol.
6. Operations against the catalog that require ordering based on magnitudes or comparisons between different symbols within the system are performed after the system has converted the manipulation symbols to presentation symbols so that the results are accurate based on the locale/locale context.
Generally, navigation through the knowledge representation is performed utilizing the manipulation symbols and not the presentation symbols. This minimizes the number of conversions and lookup that must be performed to get to a result set.
7. The results of the presentation symbols are returned to the client system and then rendered for presentation to the end user.
Parametric Search through the Catalog: In parametric search, information is retrieved based on selecting of attribute value pairs that must be in the result set or by selecting attribute/value pairs that must not be in the result set. Both the names of attributes and their values are presentational symbols and language based. The units selected in the parametic search are conceptual units that have semantics within the knowledge representation. However, by indirecting the symbols that represent both the attributes and the values, parametric search can be turned into a language neutral search mechanism. Again, like in the category based search, manipulation and selection with the system are done via a mapping to manipulation symbols rather than the presentation symbols. In the case of parametric search there can be more requirements on conversions since the attributes are typically values.
Regular Expression Search through the Catalog: A regular expression search, is a search in which information is matched against a string or word form. A common tool that uses regular expression search is the grep utility on unix systems. The most common form of search in electronic catalogs or on the internet is regular expression search. Find me all products that have the string "TV" in them.
The Instant system provides a superior form of regular expression search for a cross cultural catalog because of its separation of information into presentation context dictionaries and the use of the semantic context. Therefore, the system will not return as many erroneous results. Each dictionary exists within a locale based context. Further, dictionaries of strings are separated from dictionaries of other types. A regular expression string search can therefore use culturally sensitive dictionaries in order to perform its search and can also utilize culturally sound searching and sorting conventions within the dictionary.
In addition, the client system can optionally request that a search be done across all dictionary locales.
Further, dictionaries can reference presentational strings for a conceptual unit that may be rendered to the user as an image or a, sound file, or other media type. In this case even though the image may not actually be searched for as a string, such as "camera" the fact that a camera is depicted can be captured, searched, and returned, by utilizing the semantics and relationship within the knowledge representation.
Synonym Search: Synonym dictionaries can be used in conjunction with regular expression search within our system in order to provide even better support for searching a dictionary for the proper matches. In this case a word entered by the user is matched up against a set of synonyms within a synonym dictionary. Searches are then performed throughout the knowledge representation for all words that correspond to the synonym. The synonym can be tied directly back into the knowledge representation conceptual units therefore minimizing the amount of irrelevant searching that must be done. This is accomplished by extending the knowledge representation with lexical conceptual units and tieing them to the catalogs native conceptual units. Thus powerful searches can be performed. For example:
1. The user searches for "dogs" within the system
2. The software system looks up the concept of "dog" within the synonym dictionary. In addition to the symbol "dog" it finds symbols for "collie", "Labrador", "puppy", etc. within the dictionary.
3. The synonym dictionary has direct maps to concepts and properties in the knowledge representation that refer to any of these expanded forms of the "dog". These are returned to the user in a some optionally weighted order.
4. In addition the system can do a general dictionary search through the current locale Context string dictionary to determine if any of the synonym words for dog randomly appear within the dictionary. If an item is found, then it is returned to the user with a lower weight than concepts that directly map to the conceptual unit. The reason for the lower weight is that these words are not conceptual units referring to a dog and therefore are more likely to be random or irrelevant matches.
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Salton Sea: Attractions and more...
Mecca Beach
This beach is situated one mile near the headquarters area providing tourists' excellent camping opportunities and also guidance to visitors who are new to camping. Desert vegetation and trees surrounding the region provide pleasant shade to the camps. The best period for fishing is between March to July.
Salton Sea State Recreation Area
This park is situated on the northeastern side of the Sea attracting thousands of visitors annually. The tourists can chose from 1,400 campsites, trails, six different campgrounds, hundreds of playgrounds and visitors center.
Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge
This national refuge is second most popular spot for the bird watchers to enjoy a variety of birds. Annually some millions of birds migrate and inhabit the region. About 400 species of birds which include terns, geese, gulls, ducks, great blue herons, endangered brown pelicans and ospreys. Every winter the annual Salton Sea Bird Festival takes place.
Latest reviews Salton Sea
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Cabo San Lucas (About 30.9 mi)
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|Cabo San Lucas - 30.8 mi
Cabo San Lucas is a visitor's delight as it offers a host of activities like golf, world class fishing, water sports, etc. Miles and miles of alluring beaches attract tourists...
|Borrego Springs - 36.9 mi
Borrego Art Institute
This art institute was established on November 1, 2004 after leasing of a restaurant room on the Palm Canyon Drive. This place has over 40 local artists...


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Area Cole sailors' kin skip Obama's invite
President Barack Obama has told relatives of victims of the bombing of the USS Cole and the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks that his most important responsibility is keeping the U.S. safe.
Obama met with about 40 family members on Friday to explain why he believes closing the U.S. detention center in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, will make the country safer and ensure justice for the terror suspects being held there.
Obama is concerned that terror suspects have been held for years without trial. He has signed an executive order to close the facility within a year.
One woman who attended said Obama assured them he wants the same thing they do -- justice for their loved ones.
Seventeen U.S. sailors including Gary Swenchonis Jr., 26, of Rockport and Ronchester Santiago, 22, of Kingsville were killed in 2000 when the USS Cole was attacked in a Yemen port.
Members of both men's families declined the invitations to the White House.
"I was pretty angry but I didn't want to go there," said Gary Swenchonis Sr. "We already knew what he was going to do. It wouldn't have made a difference either way."
"I'm upset and it's really hard for me," said Simeona Santiago, who said the notice of Friday's meeting was too short for Ronchester's survivors to attend. "Those feelings keep coming back to me -- I still think about my son every day. I don't know what else to say. He's the president and he can do what he wants."
The meeting came the day after a senior Pentagon judge dropped charges against an al-Qaida suspect Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri, who is accused of masterminding the 2000 USS Cole bombing and is held at Guantanamo.
The Associated Press and staff writer Stuart Duncan contributed to this report.
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By jaredmoshe | Jared Moshé's Blog January 31, 2006 at 11:46AM
I think I've lost the awards bug. I used to block out whole days for Oscar watching prep-time, make bets about the nominees, enter too many Oscar pools, collect those for-your-consideration ads, and be frustrated every morning when I'd get to school and no one would care one bit that Braveheart one best picture. Now, I've somehow sadly fallen into the category that once drove me nuts. I want to care about the nominees today and the awards a month away. I really do. But after being hit over the head with award show after award show and critics award after critics award, I'd almost rather watch the president's state of the union address (almost). Maybe it's the near utter lack of surprises in nominees and winners or the endless reputation of the thank you speeches, but my youthful enthusiasm for the event has gone the way of David Letterman.


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An efficient power driver for color light emitting diodes (LED) is disclosed for driving multiple LEDs for producing different desired colors. Such LED combinations comprising LEDs with different primary colors are suitable for implementing pixels in displaying a digitized image. This disclosed invention provides switching power conversion embodiments such that a single apparatus drives different color LEDs. Furthermore, the disclosed invention provides configurations with and without input to output isolation while enabling control of the current through each LED, for instance by an inductor or operating condition.
1. An apparatus to provide power to a plurality of light emitting diodes for producing a desired color and brightness, the apparatus comprising:
an inductor coupled in series with a first light emitting diode;
a second light emitting diode coupled in parallel to the inductor and the first light emitting diode such that the second light emitting diode is reverse biased when a power source drives a current through the inductor and the first light emitting diode; and
a switch controlling the connection of the inductor and the first light emitting diode to the power source.
2. The apparatus recited in
3. The apparatus recited in
4. The apparatus recited in
5. The apparatus recited in
6. The apparatus recited in
7. An apparatus to provide power to drive a plurality of light emitting diodes, the apparatus comprising:
an inductor coupled in series with a first light emitting diode;
a switch controlling a connection of the inductor and the first light emitting diode to a power source; and
a first terminal and a second terminal of the power source connected in series to the inductor via the switch and at least one second light emitting diode, the at least one second light emitting diode having a forward voltage higher than input voltage aeross the first and second terminals;
wherein the second light emitting diode is connected in parallel to the switch and the first light emitting diode, and
wherein the second light emitting diode is coupled in series with the inductor and the power source.
8. The apparatus recited in
9. The apparatus recited in
This invention relates to the field of power converters, in particular to the field of power converters for Light Emitting Diodes (LED).
Among many different types of electrical illuminating devices, Light Emitting Diode (LED) is becoming a popular light source increasing the utility of LEDs for many purposes including illumination. Light emitting diodes producing different colors, such as, red, blue and green LEDs are available. Combinations of these primary colors can produce almost any color enhancing LED use for many decorative lighting applications and illumination. A light emitting diode, being of small size, also has the potential to produce small size illumination apparatus, particularly with special power drivers to efficiently utilize them.
LEDs are well suited for implementing a color pixel in a digital image display by combining several LEDs to generate a range of desired colors at the pixel. In order to drive a color pixel consisting of three light emitting diodes each with one of the primary colors, typically requires three separate power supplies producing different voltage. Controlling these three power supplies separately enables the three LEDs to produce a desired color with a desired brightness. Most LEDs work at low voltages, typically 1.5V to 4 volt. Since red, blue and green LEDs all have different turn on or forward voltages, each of the power supplies must produce current at different voltages. Moreover, often a number of LEDs are connected in parallel in order to increase the brightness, thus requiring the power supply to provide a high enough current to drive the parallel LEDs.
A drawback of low-voltage high current power supplies is their low efficiency. This is because most switching power is supplied across an output diode having a forward voltage comparable to that of the intended LED load. Thus, voltage produced is shared between this diode and the LED and brings the efficiency down to nearly 50 percent with the high current producing high resistive losses.
A known method for avoiding the need for low-voltage power supply connects a number of LEDs in series so that the driving voltage is the sum of the voltage of each LED in connected in series. However, this arrangement reduces reliability because the failure of any one of the LEDs in the series arrangement results in the failure of the whole arrangement.
Moreover, it is desirable to have a single power supply rather than three separate ones for the three primary colors. However, as indicated above, LEDs corresponding to the three primary colors correspond to different forward voltage drops. Typically, a linear driver in placed in series with LED of each color while the series connection is connected to a single constant voltage power source. The driver takes up the voltage difference between the power source and the LED. However, this method is exhibits great power dissipation and low efficiency. The efficiency of this method is only around 50 percent as the voltage drop across the driver is often comparable to the forward voltage of the LED. An arrangement with such low efficiency produces significant heat resulting in the need for a heat sink increasing product size while reducing reliability.
Apparatus and method for providing power to multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs), including those corresponding to the three primary colors, are disclosed. The apparatus provides an integrated solution to drive the three types of color LEDs by using the LED itself as a rectifying device in a switching power converter. Furthermore, the apparatus does not require a dissipative element, e.g., a linear driver resulting in energy efficient operation due to lower dissipation than known power supplies. Various embodiments of the invention provide simple non-isolated power conversion as well as isolated configuration for off-line operation. Consequently, known off-line power converter configuration such as forward and flyback converters are compatible with the disclosed apparatus. The brightness of each of the three colors can be modulated by a passive element, the duty cycle or the switching frequency resulting in a versatile and highly efficient power conversion apparatus with fewer components and smaller size than known designs.
The disadvantages of known power converters for LEDs are overcome by the embodiments of this invention. This and other advantages of a reliable power supply to drive multiple (typically three) color LEDs in an energy efficient manner by delivering current at low voltage with high efficiency are enabled by embodiments of the invention described in the following detailed description.
The invention is illustrated with the aid of various example and exemplary embodiments. The embodiments are categorized into two types, viz., non-isolated and isolated configurations. Non-isolated configurations do not provide isolation between the input and the output while isolated configurations isolate the input and output through transformers. Non-isolated configurations will be described first followed by isolated configuration.
In each configuration a desired color is generated by combination of three primary colors, although such an arrangement is not required for practicing the invention. Accordingly, each configuration typically has three LEDs, or three sets of LEDs, producing primary colors blue, red and green. Combinations of different brightness of the colors produced by respective LEDs in a given configuration produce a variety of colors. Brightness of a LED is varied by varying the current through the LED. The described configurations enable modulation of current through the devices to produce various combinations of the primary colors.
Non-isolated Configurations
Notably each LED can, without loss of generality, be replaced by a series or parallel combination of various devices that, in combination, provide similar unidirectional current paths.
The embodiment illustrated in
Current waveforms in
Current waveforms in
Current through LED 35 is dependent on the input voltage and the inherent device characteristic since it is coupled to the input terminals. Thus, the disclosed embodiment provides no loss power conversion. There is no requirement for a dissipative element like the familiar linear driver enabling the converter to deliver all, or most of its energy to illumination with high operation efficiency. However, the use of resistors and other dissipative elements is compatible with the disclosed design.
The embodiment shown in
The average current through the three LEDs 70, 80, and 60 respectively shown in
Thus, the three currents through the three LEDs can be varied resulting in controlling the brightness by adjusting the input voltage.
Current waveforms in
Operation of the embodiment shown in
Equations for currents in the discontinuous mode are shown as follows.
Current waveforms in
The embodiment shown in
Current waveforms in
As illustrated by the equations above, varying the current through each LED 170, LED 175 and LED 160 allows modulation of its' respective brightness. As is readily noted, changing the duty cycle D and/or the input voltage enables such modulation.
The aforementioned four embodiments provide non-isolated configurations for LEDs producing primary colors, although the configurations are suitable for driving LEDs producing other colors as well.
Isolated Configurations
There are three embodiments in this section with one embodiment incorporating the forward type converter, another embodiment incorporating a flyback converter and yet another embodiment depictinguse of a center-tap forward converter for driving LEDs.
Operation of the embodiment illustrated in
Advantageously, although not as a requirement for practicing the invention, each LED 225, 230 or 240 produces one of the three primary colors that in combination produce a desired color. Current through any of LEDs 225, 230 or 240 is modulated to produce a desired brightness with the combination of the three LEDs resulting in a desired color from a broad range of possible colors. The duty cycle and the input voltage determine the current through each of the LEDs 225, 230 or 240 as described previously in the context of
Operation of the embodiment of the invention in
Brightness of the LEDs can be varied to create different colors combinations as described previously with the currents through the various LEDs depending on the number of turns of the associated secondary winding and the duty cycle.
Operation of the embodiment of the invention in
The aforementioned embodiments include an inductor coupled in series with a first LED with a second light emitting diode coupled in parallel to the inductor and the first LED. The second LED is oriented so that it is reverse biased when a power source drives a current through the inductor and the first LED. Additionally, a switch controls the connection of the inductor and the first LED to the power source. Furthermore, additional LEDs can be added, for instance a third LED coupled, in parallel to the first light emitting diode, to a first terminal and a second terminal of the power source. Alternatively, a third light emitting diode is coupled in series to the first light emitting diode and to a first terminal and a second terminal of the power source.
Another embodiment comprises an inductor coupled in series with a first LED, a switch controlling a connection of the inductor and the first LED to a power source, in turn, connected in series to the inductor via the switch and a second LED. The second LED has a forward voltage higher than input voltage across the power source and is connected in parallel to the switch and the first LED. To complete the picture, the second LED is coupled in series with the inductor and the power source. As before, additional LEDs can be added, for instance, by using a bank of LEDs instead of a single LED or, for instance, a third light emitting diode coupled in parallel to the first and second input terminals of the power source. The third light emitting diode can also be coupled in series with the first or second terminals of the power source.
If isolation between the input and output side is desired then magnetic coupling is incorporated in the designs. An example apparatus includes a switching forward power converter with a transformer, a secondary winding coupled to the transformer, an LED coupled to the secondary winding and an inductor. Another LED is also connected to the inductor and another terminal of the secondary winding with a third LED coupled in parallel with the series combination of the second light emitting diode and the inductor. The operation of the configuration is as described for
Another isolation providing design uses a switching flyback power converter, a transformer, a plurality of secondary windings coupled to the transformer, and an LED coupled to the secondary windings. In addition, the apparatus can incorporate a bridge rectifier for converting an alternating current to a direct current with means to operate the flyback converter to operate in discontinuous mode with current delivered by an alternating current source with phase angle following a corresponding alternating voltage.
This is in accordance with the operation of a discontinuous flyback converter. With a fixed duty cycle the input current is proportional to the input voltage making the converter input impedance resistive. If the input voltage is derived from a bridge rectifier driven by a sinusoidal voltage then the input current will also be sinusoidal in phase with the driving voltage. The resulting output LED currents may also be sinusoidal but their brightness variation at line frequency will not be perceived by human eye.
Yet another configuration comprises a switching bridge power converter, a transformer, two or more secondary windings such that a first terminal of the first secondary winding has the opposite polarity to that of a first terminal of the second secondary winding. Two LEDs, coupled together at their cathodes, are connected to an inductor. The anode of the first light emitting diode is connected to the first terminal of the first secondary winding and the anode of the second light emitting diode being connected to the first terminal of the second secondary winding. To complete the design, the inductor coupled to the cathodes of the LEDs is further coupled to a second terminal of the first secondary winding and a second terminal of the second secondary winding via a third light emitting diode.
It will be appreciated that the various features described herein may be used singly or in any combination thereof. Thus, the present invention is not limited to only the embodiments specifically described herein. While the foregoing description and drawings represent an embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood that various additions, modifications, and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims. In particular, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms, structures, and arrangements, and with other elements, and components, without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be used with many modifications of structure, arrangement, and components and otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, which are particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements without departing from the principles of the present invention. The presently disclosed embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and not limited to the foregoing description.
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text:
Real Housewives of Beverly Hills
Adrienne Maloof "Let Go" from Real Housewives: Report
Adrienne Maloof may be learning the hard way that blowing off a Real Housewives of Beverly Hills reunion show is more than a petty offense. A source close to the show tells People that Adrienne is indeed leaving the show, but not of her own free will.
We reported yesterday that Adrienne and Bravo came to the decision together, but this latest report negates that cooperation.
"She was let go. Producers were sick of her constant tardiness and her issues."
One such incident? Adrienne was a no-show at the reunion show on Friday, as Wetpaint Entertainment exclusively returned.
Between this reported departure and the rumored dismissal of Taylor Swift, we could be looking at a dramatically-overhauled cast come Season 4.
More as this story develops, Beverlians!
Source: People


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Tuesday, July 9, 2013
Another summer, another league championship.
Goose Creek Post 166 is the top team in League 1 for the third straight season. The team defeated Beaufort 7-0 on Saturday for the regular season crown.
It was the sixth league title for Goose Creek over the last eight seasons and first for Post 166 coach Dave Holt. Holt took over for Jimmy Huskey before this season.
Post 166 enters the postseason with a 17-7 overall mark and finished 13-4 against league opposition. They were set to begin the first round of the American Legion playoffs at home on Monday against Hartsville.
Against Beaufort, Smith had three hits to lead the way at the plate, while Taylor Morrison and Zack Wimmer drove in two runs apiece. Morrison's run production came on a two-run blast in the bottom of the eighth inning to put the finishing touches on the shutout.
Wimmer drove in the first run of the game with a single in the bottom of the first and added another RBI on a fielder's choice in the third inning as Post 166 built a 4-0 lead behind starter Tyler Rio.
Rio (3-2) struck out four batters and gave up two hits over his five innings. He also had an RBI single in the three-run third inning.
Smith tossed three innings of relief, followed by Austin Timm in the ninth inning to complete the shutout. Smith fanned five and surrendered three hits. Timm struck out one and allowed no hits.
Shane Dixon took the loss for Beaufort, giving up five runs while striking out seven batters over seven innings and scattering seven hits. He had thrown a one-hitter in a win over Post 166 earlier this season but gave up three in the first inning on Saturday.
Wimmer's single made it 1-0.
In the third, Wimmer's fielder's choice pushed across the first of three runs. Rio added an RBI single and Dalton Lash was plunked with the bases loaded to add the other run.
Following three scoreless innings, Post 166 got to Dixon again in the seventh. Smith tripled with two outs and then came home on a wild pitch to make it 5-0.
In the eighth, Mike White led off with a walk and Morrison followed with a blast over the left field fence.
On the season, Smith leads in hitting with a .406 batting average, followed by Timm (.333), Rio (.325), Chris Zurcher (.316) and Wimmer (.308).
From the mound, Smith is 4-1. Rio has three wins and Zach Lavery has two wins.
In the second round, Goose Creek would take on either Murrell's Inlet or Camden.
Lower State Playoffs
(1) Goose Creek vs. (4) Hartsville
(2) Murrells Inlet vs. (3) Camden
(1) Florence vs. (4) Moncks Corner
(2) Cheraw vs. (3) Beaufort
(1) Sumter vs. (4) Lake City
(2) Hilton Head vs. (3) Conway
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Sweet Saturday: New Lessons learned
I have a confession: I can't say "no"– or at least I find it hard. I guess it's the sanguine part of me that makes me want to please everybody, and having to sacrifice a lot of other things for the sake of friends have become quite a burden lately.
I am a ghost writer for other bloggers who happen to be my closest friends online. My ghostwriting dates back to late 2009 when I started to do writing jobs just for one friend and then eventually more and more people wanted my "services."
Now, writing for older bloggers is a compliment. I like the fact that I also earn for something that I love doing, and at the same time, I would be of help. If I were to sum up my total income for ghostwriting last year, I believe I would be so pleasantly surprised at the figures I will see. But that, I have yet to do.
Anyways, I have been suffering from some kind of depression lately. I have been working hard 'til the wee hours in the morning, and I kept accepting assignments. I was unstoppable… and then I would find myself so tired the last words I would mutter before I shut my eyes would be, "God, I am so tired. I am so tired."
Hubby became so concerned, he said I should learn to say "no". I promised I would, but when I see my friends online asking for my help, I couldn't help it. I find myself saying "yes" again… and so the pattern continues.
But in the end, I am so grateful that my friends understood when I told them I could not do it on a particular day, and that I would need to rest, etc. At least today I spent the whole day with my family without feeling guilty that I promised my friends I could do their articles and I am not doing anything about it, actually.
Learning to say "no" is not easy for me, but I have to do that, if I care enough for my family or for myself. I also learned that my friends are the most understanding people there are– and like me, they also want to stay healthy and serve their families as well. It's just a matter of being honest on my part.
1 Comment on Sweet Saturday: New Lessons learned
Oh I also find it hard to say no at times. That's a great lesson to start the year right! Thanks for joining Raya! Have a blessed day!Reply


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Hang tight!
Recipe by Dale Tadlock
"If you want real Cajun, you have to try red beans and rice. Often, this simple dish is loaded with fat and sodium. Try this reworked recipe that everyone loves! No one will ever know it's the 'healthy' version!
My daughters LOVE this!"
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1 pound
dried red beans
2 quarts
hot water
1 pound
smoked turkey sausage, cut into chunks
1 cup
finely chopped onions
1/2 cup
finely chopped green bell pepper
1/2 cup
finely chopped celery
1 teaspoon
cayenne pepper
1/2 teaspoon
bay leaf
FINALLY, a recipe with the word "healthy" in the title that is really just that! I love that it calls for dry beans instead of canned and water instead of bouillon. My family loved it. A nice, low-sodium meal. I made mine with Simple Truth nitrate and nitrite free sausage. I didn't bother with low-fat turkey sausage because I felt like I could splurge since the rest of the meal was so healthy. Thanks a lot, I will definitely make this my go-to Cajun rice and beans recipe!
I followed the recipe exactly and it was so watery and very, very bland. Will not be making it ever again!
9 Ratings
Our adjustments were to add two cups less water, and add four(ish) tablespoons of an msg-free chicken broth/soup base. I simmered my beans for an additional half-hour after an overnight / most-of-the-day-soak, then rinsed them again and started with fresh water for following the recipe. We've made it with both green peppers and green chiles, and love it both ways. My brown rice is never as done as I want it to be, so I mix it (after it's been simmering for 45 unsuccessful minutes) in for the last 15 minutes or so. Without it, the beans are soupy but delicious. With it, it's a bit more like a stick-to-your-ribs standard beans 'n rice recipe. Either way, my family loves it, more than I expected them to, and with or without sausage of any kind.
I used lower fat Hillshire Farms Chicken Hardwood Smoked Sausage instead of turkey sausage. It did take longer than 30 minutes to cook the liquid down, but the end result was a very tasty red beans and rice dish. The 1 tsp cayenne gave this dish a mild to medium heat, so if you like "spicy," keep your bottle of hot sauce nearby (we gave it a good shake or two).
Are used whole-grain rice it was very filling
I also followed this recipe to the last detail and it did not turn out at all. Too watery, bland, and the cayenne pepper gave the dish a "rubber band" taste. The turkey sausage I used tasted awesome. Gotta try a different recipe! :(
I agree with the other review that it was extremely watery. I cooked it for about two hours instead of just the hour it called for. It was pretty tasteless, probably because it was so watery. I won't be making this again.
I just made this and followed the recipe exactly and it was way to watery. Flavor is ok but seems lacking still. If saice wasnt a bust would have made again. My little ones liked it.
* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.
Healthy Red Beans and Rice
Serving Size: 1/6 of a recipe
Servings Per Recipe: 6
Amount Per Serving
Calories: 362
Calories from Fat: 25
Hard to believe, but many kids will be back in school at the end of the month. Get ready.
You won't believe all the things you can do with cauliflower. It's a great low-carb option.
Delicious recipes, party ideas, and cooking tips! Get a year of Allrecipes magazine for $7.99!
Bring a taste of the bayou to your table in just minutes.
Get set for some serious Cajun flavor!
Easy seasoned black beans and white rice, it's the perfect meal.


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We have been keeping Kansas City cool for over 35 years and continue to be #1 in excellent customer service, product offering and workmanship. Our specialties include automotive, residential and commercial window tinting using Diamond films, automotive "clear bra " with XPel paint protection. We understand that you have a great investment in your car, home or business and want the best enhancements available. Our products and the people who install them are best of the best, one without the other is only ½ as good. You can be sure that we take pride in our craft and stand behind every installation.
We continue to be the first choice of most dealerships, body shops, builders and insurance companies who also want to provide the best for their customers. We have been hand selected by the manufacturer as a Diamond dealer based on our performance and commitment to excellence, to exclusively offer and install the highest quality of window tint available and is backed by a nationwide warranty for as long as you own your car or home. We are also the only company in the area that offers Xpel Ultimate paint protection film that is self-healing and is backed by a manufacturer's 10 year warranty and installed by factory trained and certified technicians.
Midwest Tinting is an accredited member of the International Window Film Association www.iwfa.com . The IWFA is a national organization that provides education and training on the various aspects of film and glass specifications. To be accredited the company must pass testing in automotive, architectural and safety film applications. Midwest Tinting is also a member of the Better Business Bureau www.bbb.org, Angie's List www.angieslist.com, and the Lee's Summit Chamber of Commerce www.lschamber.com. Here you can find testimonials and rankings. You can also follow us on Facebook www.facebook.com/MidwestTinting and Twitter www.twitter.com/MidwestTinting.
Midwest Tinting has 4 locations Overland Park, KS, Independence, MO, Lee's Summit, MO and Lake of the Ozarks. Our architectural specialists serve the following cities:
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text: The Volcom Mixt Message T-Shirt features peace sign and middle finger hand at front. Volcom detailing throughout. Thin and light. Constructed of 100% organic cotton, making this tee an eco friendly pick. Seamless graphic tag at neck. Available in colorways as seen below. Men's sizes: SM (34-36), MD (38-40), LG (42-44), XL (46-48) unless otherwise noted. Skate Warehouse shows all colors that we have in stock. In rare cases the logo or the color pictured may be slightly different than what is shipped. Model wears a medium.


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What's up, everyone?! Today was a super duper good day. The reason for this was because I was very productive (procrastination usually gets the best of me). I took my dreaded finance test and feel very confident about it. I also did the typical house chores; cooking, cleaning, laundry. Then I was able to make my way to the gym, where I sweat out all of my anxiety regarding the upcoming week. Working out is my stress reliever. It is something I can always go to when I am feeling anxious about things and it never fails to calm me down. While this is not the case for everyone, you just have to find what calms you down and stick to it.
This past weekend was also great. Friday night I had to work, but Saturday I attended a 1920's themed Great Gatsby party. My friends and I dressed as flappers, and we were definitely the hit of the party! The guys did not participate with dressing the theme, but it was still fun. If people ever tell you that there is nothing to do on this campus, they're crazy! Every weekend since I've been back at BW this semester, I've had places to go and things to do. There is always something to do if you put yourself out there and find them! Till next time


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Grupo Zuliano to Buy Koch Stake in Venezuela Propylene Plant
April 13 (Bloomberg) -- Grupo Zuliano CA will buy a 35 percent stake in a Venezuelan propylene plant from Koch Industries Inc., Armando Sandoval, general manager of the Maracaibo-based company, said today.
The transaction, valued at about $35 million, will be completed by April 30, said Sandoval in a phone interview.
Grupo Zuliano, a Maracaibo-based holding company whose subsidiaries produce chemicals and plastics, previously had a 15 percent stake in Propileno de Falcon CA, known as Profalca, and will now hold 50 percent. A unit of Venezuelan state-run chemicals company Pequiven SA holds the remaining amount. The acquisition was approved in a shareholders meeting yesterday, Sandoval said.
"Koch wanted to exit the joint venture," said Sandoval. "We want to consolidate our business with Pequiven and for that reason are increasing our stake."
Koch's divestment of the propylene plant stake comes after its 35 percent stake in the FertiNitro Venezuelan fertilizer joint venture was nationalized by President Hugo Chavez in 2010. Koch Industries last year filed for arbitration against Venezuela at the World Bank's International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, or ICSID, to seek compensation.
Melissa Cohlmia, a spokeswoman for Wichita, Kansas-based Koch, did not immediately respond to an e-mail and a phone message left today seeking comment.
Profalca, the joint venture formed in 1997, invested $70 million to build a chemical plant that makes propylene, a raw material used to make a plastic that goes into car parts, toys and household items.
To contact the reporters on this story: Corina Pons in Caracas at firstname.lastname@example.com; Nathan Crooks in Caracas at email@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Dale Crofts at email@example.com


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August 5, 2015
Police in Freer say a 5-year-old girl died after accidentally being struck by a pellet fired from an air rifle.
Police say a 10-year-old male relative of the victim allegedly fired the shot.
Police Chief Roy Salazar says Sarah Salinas died Wednesday after being shot in the chest. She was pronounced dead at a hospital in Alice.
Investigator Ric Ortiz with the Nueces County Medical Examiner's Office says the cause of death is a pellet wound penetrating the chest.
Child Protective Services has been notified.
Freer is 80 miles west of Corpus Christi.
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The Second Ecumenical Council
Held in Constantinople in 381. Under Emperor Theodosius the Great. 150 Bishops were present.
The First Ecumenical Council
Held in Nicea, Asia Minor in 325. Under Emperor Constantine the Great. 318 Bishops were present.
The Orthodox Churches and the Environment
Conclusions from the Inter-Orthodox Conference on Environmental Protection.
Orthodox Church Environmental Activities and Initiatives
A review of environmental activities and initiatives undertaken by the Orthodox Church.
Message on the Day of Prayer for Creation - 1989
A message by His All Holiness, Ecumenical Patriarch Dimitrios, on creation.
Introduction to Christian Environmental Initiatives
A look at Christian initiatives on behalf of the environment.
Orthodox Perspectives on Creation
Report of the WCC Inter-Orthodox Consultation concerning creation.


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NAUGATUCK — Chelsey Stockdale hopes the last few days are a sign of more good things to come.
Stockdale, the first-year head coach of the Logan High School volleyball team, has led her squad to three straight wins, including Thursday night's 26-24, 18-25, 25-20 border war victory over Sheldon Clark (Ky.) in a tri-match at Tug Valley High School in Naugatuck.
The Lady Cats (3-7) then won in two sets over host Tug Valley in the second match, 25-16, 25-19.
Logan had started off the season with an 0-7 record before winning 25-17, 25-14 over county rival Chapmanville on Tuesday in a tri-match at Sherman to score its first victory of the 2012 season. The Lady Cats had lost 25-7, 25-13 to the host Sherman Tide earlier in the evening.
"We've got three wins in a row and I think we are building some momentum. I think that we can do it," Stockdale said. "We've been building each game. It feels good to get these wins."
The Lady Cats put Sheldon Clark away late in Thursday's match.
Logan went up 23-20 after a kill at the net by senior Ronni Vance.
A serving ace by sophomore Tiffany Jude then made it 24-20.
Logan then won the match over the Lady Cardinals as sophomore Aaron Ward spiked one at the net for the game-winning kill.
Ward served well all night, skimming the net with hard, low serves. Many were too tough for Sheldon Clark's back row to handle.
"Ward has a really good serve. Every time we get her going it gets us going," Stockdale said.
Stockdale also praised the play of sophomore Katelyn Grimmett and senior Rachelle Toppings.
"Grimmett had a good match hitting and Rachelle also has a good serve. When she's on she's on," Stockdale said. "Toppings was also good at the net. Ronni Vance was also good at her passing. They really helped us."
Other starters for Logan were sophomores Lauren Ellis and Adrianna Herrera and junior Summer Napier. Other members of the varsity squad are: sophomore Rachel Fortune; sophomore Hannah Hunter; junior Haley Meade; sophomore Kealeigh Morgan; and freshman Hannah Workman.
Rounding out the Logan volleyball roster are: freshman Haylie Bryant; sophomore Samantha Collins; junior Kristi Dalton; freshman Erica Day; freshman Hannah Foxx; freshman Shelby Hall; junior Katelyn Jones; freshman Abby Kirk; junior Breanna Pennington; and sophomore Kaitlyn Williamson.
Logan was able to handle Tug Valley without too much trouble in Thursday night's second match.
"The girls played really well both games," Stockdale said. "Everyone stepped up and worked together as a team. Rachelle Toppings had a big game in the first match against Tug and so did Adriana Herrera. They both stepped up at the net and Toppings' serves were on, so she did amazing at serving. The second game we started with a different lineup and it worked well. Everyone stepped up in that game too."
Stockdale, just 23 years old and a recent graduate from West Liberty State University, comes to Logan from East Liverpool, Ohio, located in the far eastern edge of the state near West Virginia's Northern Panhandle.
"I'm just out of college and I teach at Chapmanville in elementary special ed," Stockdale said. "I have always played volleyball."
Logan is scheduled to get back into action on Tuesday at Mingo Central. On Thursday, the Lady Cats are scheduled to play St. Albans and Huntington at the Huntington High School tri-match.
The Lady Cats have their next home match on Oct. 2 against the same Mingo Central Miners.
Thursday night's match was Logan seventh straight on the road after opening up on Aug. 30 at home with losses to Chapmanville and Man in the Logan County Tri-match.
After falling 3-0 at Sissonville on Sept. 4, Logan went to Lincoln County on Sept. 4 and lost 25-22, 25-9, 25-14.
Then on Sept. 15, the Lady Cats traveled to play in the Westside tourney and lost 25-11, 25-12 to Pikeview.
Logan then dropped to 0-6 on the season on Sept. 17 with a 25-20, 25-13 defeat at Westside before gaining the split on Tuesday at Sherman.
"It's been hard," Stockdale said about the lack of home matches so far. "It has made for some long nights for sure. This week we've had tri-matches all week and they have all been away. It has been wearing and tearing on the girls but in October we will mostly be at home."


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How to Clean Straw Hats
Keep your straw hats longer - cleaning your straw hat is possible. This article explains how.
1Check the straw. Baku, shantung, or any other straw that will take water can be washed.Ad
2Remove all ribbons, floral elements or other decorative pieces and wires. Rub straw with a cloth and lukewarm soapsuds.
3Rinse in lukewarm water. Use a cloth that has been dipped in warm water and wrung out to rub over the straw hat.
4Re-block straw while still wet. Place it over a hat block or similar shape that will mimic the hat shape. When dry after blocking, apply a coat of straw sizing. If the straw is colored, use sizing of the same color. This will renew faded straw. Alternatively, use steam to put the shape back into a misshapen straw hat - even steam from a kettle held over the hat can help to reshape it.[1]
5Dye if wished. Many straws can be dyed another color or can be re-dyed to restore the old color.
6Replace the decorative elements. The hat should look as good as new.
We could really use your help!
- Many straw braids can be cleaned by wiping off with cleaning fluid. Steam press, pin hat to a flat surface and let dry. Apply a coat of straw sizing and let dry.
- To freshen a Milan hat, pin brim to a hard surface and steam press into shape. Let dry and size with sizing of the same color.
- Note that a straw hat that gets too wet may shrink.[2]
Things You'll Need
- Mild soapsuds or soap detergent
- Small soft cleaning cloth
- Clean space to wash
- Hat block or similar shaped item for drying hat over
Sources and Citations
- Ruby Carnahan, (1952) How to Make Hats, copyright not renewed, book in public domain. Original source of article.
- ↑ eHow, How to Clean a Straw Hat
- ↑ Alma Chestnut Moore, Cleaning A Straw Hat
Article Info
In other languages:
Español: limpiar sombreros de paja
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 32,076 times.


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I sort of live a double life. (Well, a triple life if you count my life as a super hero.) While I blog all things Halos here, I ramble about minor league prospects, and contribute some research and other insights at Baseball Prospectus. This year, I've been lucky enough to participate in the BP Prospect Team's discussions about each club's farm system. Today, Jason Parks released his prospect rankings for the Angels (subscription required).
Unsurprisingly, Parks named Kaleb Cowart as the club's top prospect. The farm system is down, with the Angels trading several top prospects over the past couple seasons, forfeiting draft picks, and failing to acquire premium talents in the international market.
Yours truly authored the section of the article devoted to the club's top talents under 25 entering the 2013 season. The cut-off date for eligibility is 4/1/1987. Peter Bourjos, born on March 31, 1987, missed the cut-off by just one day.
I uncontroversially ranked the Millville Meteor as the best U25 talent. But after Mike Trout, the system lends itself to some discussion. Who deserved to be #2? The talented youngster Kaleb Cowart? Maybe Garrett Richards, who has had some moderate big league success and has pretty good stuff? Hank "The Tank" Conger? Nick Maronde? There's no definitive answer to the question, but the group is rather uninspiring after Trout.
If you're a BP subscriber, check it out! If not, become a BP subscriber, then check it out!
Do you like Halos Daily? Then LIKE Halos Daily! And don't forget to follow us on Twitter!


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Twitter introduces their own photo filters
Hot on the heals of Instagram's new big update that includes a new filter -- not to mention their removal of Twitter card and embed support! -- Twitter has released an update to their iPhone app that allows you to add filters to your photos when sharing them to Twitter. They even made a fancy video to show off the new feature and teach you how to use it. The filters are a result of a partnership with Aviary; they are responsible for powering Twitter's photo filters and effects.
There are 8 different filters available in Twitter for iPhone ranging from black and white to vintage. Instead of forcing you to see the effects on your photo one by one, like Instagram, Twitter has included a bird's-eye view that lets you see how each filters looks on your photo at the same time in a grid.
In addition to the filters, Twitter also lets you crop and frame your photos as a square if you wish. There is also an auto-enhance button that will help give your photos that extra oomph with balanced light and colors.
The update has not yet gone live, but we'll let you know as soon as it does! In the meantime, let us know if you're looking forward to this new feature. If you do not use the official Twitter for iPhone app, will this update compel you to give it a try?
UPDATE: It's live! Go get it!
Free - Download Now
Source: Twitter
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Former app and photography editor at iMore, Leanna has since moved on to other endeavors. Mother, wife, mathamagician, even though she no longer writes for iMore you can still follow her on Twitter @llofte.
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Reader comments
Twitter introduces their own photo filters
Will third party twitter apps be able to play catch up then in order to include these features? Or will this be exclusive to the official twitter app?
I imagine it'll probably be exclusive to the official client, since Twitter started frowning upon all third party apps. Too bad that it had to come down to this because the Instagram/Twitter marriage worked quite well. I had actually switched back over to using the native app, but since I can't see any IG pics in my feed (and I'm too lazy to click on the links, haha) I've gone back to using Tweetbot instead...sure I'm not the only one. Understandable move on Twitter's part, but this may end up being another back move on their part.


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Watch my latest episode on Supreme Master TV satellite network. I'll show you how to make superfood raw chocolate candies and raw chocolate dipped strawberries and bananas, sprinkled with goji berries and hemp seeds.
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