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Feb. 17, 1959 B. R. SCHAAFSMA ETAL 2,
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GRANULAR COMPOSITIONS Filed Sept. 7, 1954 BERNARD RICH/7RD SCHAAFSNA OLEI/ RA 7'5 5 P United States Patent 1 2,874,123 PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GRANULAR COMPOSITIONS Bernard Richard Schaafsrna, Midland Park, N. .L, and
Olev Ratsep, New York, N. Y., assignors to Colgate- Palmolive Company, Jersey City, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application September 7, 1954, Serial No. 454,388
- 11 Claims. (Cl. 252-99) The present invention relates to a novel method of producing granular compositions of matter.
It has previously been proposed to produce granular compositions of matter by aggregating powdered hydratable inorganic salt in the presence of moisture. Also it has been proposed to heat and agitate an aqueous slurry containing hydratable alkali metal inorganic salts in such quantity as to take up as water of hydration substantially all the water in the slurry, and then to cool such compositions so as to produce a solid mass which must be pulverized or ground, such as by a ball mill for example, to produce a particulate product generally comprising particles of widely varying shape and size.
In accordance with the present invention, granular compositions of matter are produced by a process'which comprises forming a fiowable paste of a hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt in a quantity at least adequate to take up as water of hydration substantially all of the water to be added, water, and a granulating agent consisting of a polar organic compound having alcoholic hydroxyl as the only polar radical therein and having a molecular weight of about 150 or greater, said granulating agent being present ina quantity sufficient to cause the formation of semi-solid nodules on mixing and aeration of said flowable paste, mixing and aerating said flowable paste until semi-solid nodules have formed therein, and thereafter quiescently aging said nodule-containing mixture to produce a rigid friable mass of coherent apparently dry spheroidal agglomerate granules. This friable mass is easily decomposed to its constituent granules which form an apparently dry free flowing particulate product comprising particles of substantially uniform shape and size. The present process is eminently suited for use with compositions containing relatively small proportions of hydratable inorganic salts. Furthermore the present process operates efficiently at or only slightly above room temperature thus permitting the'use of relatively simple, inexpensive operating equipment and processing of heat sensitive materials. W
Figures 1 and 2, taken in conjunction with the following description, illustrate the present invention.
Figure l is a photomicrograph (taken at diameters) of a typical aerated fiowable paste containing semi-solid nodules. The paste of Figure 1 is ready to be aged to form an apparently dry rigid friable mass of coherent spheroidal granules. Figure 2 (also a photomicrograph taken at 10 diameters) illustrates the granules produced on disintegrating an apparently dry friable mass of spheroidal granules produced on quiescent aging of a paste such as that shown by Figure l. The aggregative nature of the granules produced by the process of the present invention makes itself apparent on close inspection of Figure 2 which clearly shows many of the distinct coherent salt crystals which comprise each granule.
The hydratable alkali metal salts which may be used in accordance with the present invention comprise the alkali metal salts which form stable hydrates under room conditions, such for example as sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate and bicarbonate, lithium perchlorate, the hydratable alkali metal borates such as lithium metaborate and sodium perborate, and the hydratable alkali metal phosphates such as pentasodium tripolyphosphate, pentapotassium tripolyphos- 'ice phate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and mono-, diand trisodium and lithium orthophosphate. If desired, anhydrous salts may be used for processing, or salts of an intermediate degree of hydration may be employed. Furthermore, mixtures of compatible hydratable salts of varying stages of hydration may be employed. It is desirable however to utilize anhydrous salts of considerable waterbinding potentiality so as to be able to use a minimum proportion of such salt in the ultimate product. More particularly it is preferred to employ a mixture of Type II pentasodium tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate or bicarbonate in ratios of from 1:4 to 4:1 by weight since such mixtures have been found to produce products of excellent granular structure which are quite freely friable. Type I pentasodium tripolyphosphate may also be used, however the products produced from Type I material are generally of a relatively finer grain size.
The granulating agent employed in accordance with the present invention is one or more of those polar organic compounds having alcoholic hydroxyl as the only polar radical therein and having a molecular weight of 150 or greater. Representative compounds which may be suitably employed include the higher molecular weight polyhydroxy or polyoxyalkylene compounds such as polyalkylene glycols and polyglycerols and their derivatives, e. g. alkyl ethers of polyethylene glycol; alkyl thio-ethers of polyethylene glycol; sterol ethers of polyethylene glycol; alkyl phenol ethers of polyethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids and other high molecular weight carboxylic acids; the corresponding ethers and esters of polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, and polyglycerol; polyalkylene glycol ethers of partially esterified glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, and various partially anhydrized derivatives thereof; and those compounds derived from the reaction of ethylene oxide with polymerized butylene oxide and other higher alkylene oxides, organic acids, anhydrides, esters, ethers, alcohols and amides. Additional suitable materials are the N-substituted alcohol amides such as the diethanoland monoisopropanolamides of lauric acid and myristic acid and mixtures thereof; and the higher molecular weight alcohols such as lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, oleyl and stearyl alcohols. Further suitable materials are polyvinyl alcohol; fatty acid and monoand diglycerides such as glyceryl mono stearate, glyceryl dilaurate and glyceryl monoricinoleate; fatty acid monoesters of ethylene glycol such as ethylene glycol monopalmitate; and polyglycerol. In general it is preferred to use surface active polyoxyallcylene condensates with hydrophobic compounds containing at least about 8 carbon atoms, and preferably about 10 to 20 carbon atoms, e. g. the polyoxyethylene derivatives of nonyl'phenol, isooctyl phenol, or tall oil which contain about 6 to about 30 ethenoxy groups per molecule. In the foregoing illustrative examples of suitable higher molecular weight and polar organic compounds, where polymers or classes of compounds are referred to it is understood of course that only those members of the appropriate class or polymeric series having an alcoholic hydroxyl as the only polar radical thereon and having a molecular weight of about or greater are within the ambit of the invention.
In general, in carrying out the process of the present invention hydratable inorganic salt, granulating agent and any other non-aqueous material which it is desired to include in the final composition are mixed in a vessel equipped with means for agitating and aerating its contents. The granulating agent is preferably added as a liquid so as to facilitate its complete dispersion throughout the mass. Mixing and aeration are carried on until a uniform mixture is obtained and the proper quantity of water and any aqueous material have been added to the mix. After the aqueous materials have been added,
3 the mixing and aerating of the mixture is continued until a flowable paste is obtained which contains semi-solid nodules as illustrated in Fig. 1 referred to previously. The formation of these nodules has been found to be expedited by the presence in the mix of sodium silicate. Thus it is preferred that the mix contain from about 3 to 14% sodium silicate solids, normally introduced as an aqueous solution having an Na OzSio ratio of from about 1:1 to about 1:3.25 for example. Depending on the particular composition involved it is preferred to continue mixing and aeration for up to about 5 to 30 minutes after the last essential component has been added so as to insure the formation of a final product of the desired, uniform grain size. The order of adding the components to be mixed is not critical except that the hydratable inorganic salt and the water or water carrying ingredients should not be mixed unless the granulating agent is present.
The mixed and aerated nodule-containing flowable paste is transferred from the mixer to a storage vessel and there it is quiescently aged until a unitary apparently dry friable mass of coherent sopheroidal granules is formed, normally a period of at least about 2 to 6 hours. On further quiescent aging the granules become harder and absorb any previously unabsorbed liquid materials present, e. g. granulating agent. Examination of a fractured portion of a properly aged rigid mass by suitable means (e. g. microscopic) reveals that the mass is composed of well defined spheroidal agglomerate granules and interstices therebetween. Apparently the granules cohere at points of contact with each other. Fracture and examination of an individual granule reveals that it is a solid aggregate of inorganic salt crystals.
In general the aged mass is ready for disintegration into its constituent granules at the end of from 6 to 8 hours, and has substantially completely hydrated or hardened within about 3 days at room temperature. By quiescent aging it is meant that the mass of material being aged is not materially disturbed internally. Of course the entire mass being aged may be transported or moved as a body, e. g. on a belt conveyor.
The aeration which occurs during the mixing after all the components have been added is substantial. The specific gravity of the paste has been found to diminish by from about 3 to during this period. Pastes otherwise prepared in accordance with the present invention but which are not aerated fail to form a friable mass on quiescent aging. Further, a comparison of products made from two mixes of the same specific gravity and in which the nodules are of the same size shows that a more friable product is obtained from the paste having the larger air bubbles. This may be due to the larger bubbles bringing about a greater reduction in the contact areas between the coherent granules of the aged friable granular mass. In general, the specific gravity of the paste immediately after the addition of all components is within the range of about 1.15 to 1.25, and after mixing and aeration, the specific gravity of pastes ready to be aged is within the range of about 1.00 to 1.10.
The semi-solid nodules characteristic of the process of the present invention develop throughout the paste during mixing of the essential components. These nodules are the nuclei for the future formation of granules. structurally they have been found to comprise a spheroidal central core of inorganic material which is covered by an outer layer of organic material. It is believed that on aging the inorganic nucleus absorbs the organic layer to form the apparently dry spheroidal agglomerate granules characteristic of the present invention.
The temperature of the components during the mixing thereof will vary depending in part upon the heat of hydration of the inorganic salts employed and the temperature of the raw materials used. As referred to final product will be an oily, non-friable mass.
previously it is preferred to use the granulating agent in liquid form and it therefore is frequently used as a solution or melt which may be above room temperature. Normally the other components are introduced into the mixer at room temperature and no particular effort is made to control the temperature of the composition which in practice seldom rises above about F. to about F. However if desired, the grain size of the final product may conveniently be varied to a certain extent by varying the temperature of the liquids employed in the mix. Thus it has been found that the use of warm, e. g. about F., liquids tends to increase the grain size of the final product in certain instances even though the temperature of the mixture being processed apparently is not appreciably effected.
The temperature of the nodule-containing mix during aging should be within the range of about 60 F. to about 120 F. Aging at too low, e. g. 0 F. or too high, e. g. 120 F. a temperature excessively prolongs the required aging period.
The proportions of inorganic salt, water and granulating agent which are employed in carrying out the process of the present invention are closely interrelated. The amount of water used will be sufficient in conjunction with any other liquid present (e. g. liquid granulating agent), to enable the preparation of a flowable paste with components employed. However, if insuflicient water is employed the product produced on aging instead of having the desired physical form may be a dense non-friable deliquescent mass, depending upon the granulating agent employed and the hygroscopic nature of the excess incompletely hydrated material. When excess water is employed, the normally friable apparently dry aged product is likely to be a pasty mass rather than the rigid apparently dry mass of coherent granules characteristic of the present invention. In general, water is employed in an amount such that the weight ratio of hydratable inorganic salt to water is from about 8:1 to about 2:1, and preferably about 6:1 to 4:1.
The amount of the hydratable alkali metal salts to be employed must be at least sufiicient to form a granular product, normally at least about 25% by weight of the total composition being prepared. The hydratable salt serves to take up as water of hydration the water which is added to form a paste and also in its final state, adsorbs the organic materials present.
The amount of the polar organic compound which is employed according to the present process is that amount which causes the nodule-containing aerated fiowable paste to form a friable granular mass on quiescent aging. This amount will vary of course depending upon the particular constituents of the composition being prepared. If an insufiicient amount of such granulating agent is employed, the aged mix will be a solid mass resembling the non friable products of the prior art and will require the application of considerable mechanical force to crush or grind the mass into particulate form. In general, the weight ratio of hydratable inorganic salt to granulating agent will be within the range of about 35:1 to about 2: 1. The proportion of granulating agent used, however, must not be sufficient to interfere deleteriously with the desirable properties of the compositions of the present invention. For example, if an excessively large proportion of an oily polyethylene glycol derivative is employed, the
A referred range of ratios of hydratable inorganic salt to granulating agent is from about 15:] to about 2:1.
In carrying out the process of the present invention it has been found desirable to employ a light or medium duty mixer, preferably a horizontal ribbon mixer, as contrasted to a heavy duty mixer such as a kneader. Thus it has been found that a sigma blade type heavy duty mixer, for example, tends to crush the nodules which are formed, to distribute air in extremely finely divided form, and to produce a paste which is homogeneous in appearance and which on quiescent aging crystallizes to a single hard lump which is very diflicult to disintegrate.
The friable mass of coherent granules produced on aging may be retained and stored as such, it may be partially sub-divided or it may be disintegrated into a particulate product consisting of its constituent granules.
It is preferred to prepare such particulate products simply by placing the aged material on a vibrating screen having openings somewhat larger than the average grain size of the mass. The combination of the weight of the mass and the vibratory action of the screen is normally sufficient to break the bonds between the cohering granules thus producing a free-flowing apparently dry product consisting of solid (i. e. having its interior filled with matter; not hollow or spongy) spheroidal granules of substantially uniform composition comprising hydrated inorganic salt and granulating agent. dry reduction in size of solid materials may be employed, e. g. pebble mill, ballmill, and various impact and at trition pulverizers, but they are unnecessary and not nearly as satisfactory as the preferred method.
It is within the contemplation of this invention to include within the present compositions liquid and solid water soluble or dispersible organic and inorganic substances generally. For example, compositions containing dyes, pigments, detergents, foam and/or detergency improved additives, sequestering agents, foam depressing agents, wetting agents, water treating agents, bleaches corrosion inhibiting agents, anti-redeposition agents, and/or mixtures thereof may be prepared in the present novel form by admixing the appropriate materials with the essential components of the compositions processed according to this invention. Thus for instance, highly desirable detergent compositions may be prepared by incorporating sulfonated detergent salts such as a higher alkyl sulfate or a higher alkyl aryl sulfonate detergent salt or mixtures thereof in a composition using a detergent builder salt as a hydratable inorganic salt. Typicaliy from -10% (based on the weight of the final product) of detergent sulfate or sulfonate salt may be added, and the granulating agent used may be a non-ionic detergent, preferably in liquid form, of the type consisting of polyethylene oxide condensates of suitable hydrophobic compounds having an active hydrogen e. g. alkyl phenols, higher aliphatic alcohols, tall oil, and polypropylene glycol. The molecular weight of such condensates is greater than 150. Small amounts of foam and detergency controlling and improving agents are also easily incorporated in such a product as will be illustrated by the following examples. It is to be understood that these following examples are presented for illustrative purposes and that they are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any manner.
EXAMPLE I The following illustrates a typical detergent composi tion which may be prepared according to the present invention.
Percent by weight Iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol having about 8.5 ethenoxy groups per molecule 10.00
Cetyl alcohol 1.50 Aqueous sodium silicate (43.5% solids, Na,o:sio,
1.0:2.35) 13.81 Pentasodium tripolyphosphate, Type 11--.... 25.00 Water 4.61
1 The anionic detergent comprises about 30 of the sodium salt of a snifonated alkyl benzene wherein t e alkyl radical i ropylcnc tetramer, 68% sodium sulfate. and 2% water. 'l h otal water content of the formula is about 12.7 parts by w 8. 8 eight.
Of course other devices for the The weighed quantities of the first five components listed above are placed in a suitable horizontal blender having a ribbon-type agitator and are thoroughly mixed and aerated by the agitator for about five minutes, after which the iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol and cetyl alcohol, which have previously been heated to melt the cetyl alcohol, are added as a mixture. In rapid succession thereafter, while mixing and aeration are continued, the aqueous sodium silicate is added, then the pentasodium tripolyphosphate is sifted in, and finally the water is added. Mixing and aeration are continued thereafter for about 15 minutes. During the addition of the phosphate, the development in the paste of innumerable semi-solid nodules becomes apparent. These nodulcs continue to grow and reach their final size as mixing is continued. At the end of the final mixing period the paste is allowed to flow by gravity from the mixer into storage containers (soap-frames) having removable sides. During the final mixing of the water-containing paste the specific gravity of the paste diminishes from about 1.21 to about 1.10.
The batch is allowed to age in bulk about 16 hours, about 3 to 5 hours being the minimum time within which a friable granular product is produced. After the 16 hour aging period, the retaining sides are removed from the stored vessel and the rigid mass of coherent apparently dry spheroidal granules which has formed is dropped through a grate on to a vibrating screen which disintegrates any unbroken lumps and classifies the prodnet as to particle size.
The screened product which flows freely, consists of apparently dry solid spheroidal agglomerate granules of inorganic salt having absorbed therein the organic constituents present. A typical product prepared as directed above is described by the following screen analysis, the water content and alcohol solubility characteristics of each fraction and its pH as a 1.0% solution in distilled water also being shown in the table below, all percentages being by weight.
Table I Weiglit Percent Percent 01 Percent Percent Alcohol 011 Screen Size Product Alcohol 10 in Soluble pH Retained Insoluble Fraction Matter on Screen 0 1.60 72.28 I I. S. 10.3 17.90 71. B7 11.20 16. 93 10.3 42. 40 73. 58 11. 20 15. 22 10. 3 21. 70 73. 55 12.00 15. 33 10.3 13.85 71.00 11. 12 17. 15 10. 3 1.07 70.85 I I. S. 10.8 Through 100 0 l Insuiflcient sample for analysis.
None of the product passes through a 100 mesh screen. The composition of the product is substantially uniform throughout the entire range of particle sizes as shown by the analyses in Table I.
If the iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol is omitted from the above composition, a hard, non-friable solid lump is produced on aging, the quantity of cetyl alcohol present being insuflicient to cause granulation on aging. As the iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol content of the composition processed is varied, the following is observed:
Table II Weight Percent 01 Iso-Octyl Phcnoxy Result Polyox ethylene Ethano Present 02 Heavy crystalline mass.
Granular product of poor friability. Freely friable granular product. Non-friable granular product which is oily and forms a paste on very little working.
The iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol of this example may be replaced by the commercial fatty alcohols derived from coconut oil, by lauric or myristic diethanolamide or mixtures thereof, and by the ethylene oxide condensate of polymerized propylene glycol containing about 40-50% ethylene oxide and having a molecular weight of about 4500.
If the sodium carbonate of this example is entirely replaced by sodium bicarbonate, the requisite minimum aging time is increased. Replacing the Type II pentasodium tripolyphosphate with Type I material reduces the grain size of the product.
EXAMPLE II The sodium carbonate of Example I is entirely replaced by Type II pentasodium tripolyphosphate. A satisfactory product is obtained on only one hours aging.
EXAMPLE III Products very similar to those of Example I are pro- The anionic detergent is an aqueous slurry containin 50% by weight of solids which consist of 88% by weight the sodium salt of an alkylated benzene wherein the alkyl radical Contains about 12 carbon atoms and 12% sodium sulfate.
The process steps are the same as those in Example I except that the cetyl alcohol is omitted and the iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol is not heated.
Excellent products may also be prepared by replacing the of nonyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol by 8% of an ethylene oxide condensation product of tall oil containing about 16 ethenoxy groups per molecule and 2% of sodium sulfate.
EXAMPLE IV A satisfactory product is prepared by mixing in a horizontal ribbon mixer:
Iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol containing about 8.5 ethenoxy groups 10 Cetyl alcohol 1.5 Sodium silicate of Example I 14 Water 2.7
The ingredients are added to a horizontal ribbon mixer in the order shown above, each component being thoroughly mixed with the previously added materials before another component is added. The cetyl alcohol is added as a melt in the iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol, the melt being at about 130 F. After the water is added, solid nodules form within a few minutes. Mixing and aeration are continued for about 20 minutes more, and then the mix and aerated paste is flowed by gravity into storage containers. The product is a friable mass of solid spheroidal granules which is easily disintegrated into its constituent granules by the pressure of its own weight on vibrating screens.
EXAMPLE v Products are made according to the procedure and formulation of Example 1 except that the amount of sodium sulfate therein is varied so as to permit varying amounts of several ditferent polyethylene oxide condensates of dilfering ethenoxy chain lengths to be employed. The total water content of the paste also is varied in conjunction with the sodium sulfate as to obtain a flowable paste with the mixture being processed. The friabih'ty of the final products is evaluated by the ease with which the aged mass may be crumbled by hand to yield the free flowing smooth spheroidal granules characteristic of the present invention. The ease of crumbling is evaluated using an arbitrary scale of l to 10, 10 representing an aged mass which freely disintegrates on the slightest handling whereas 1 represents a product obtained where there is no granulating agent employed, which is a dense hard crystalline non-granular mass virtually impossible to crush by hand, and which if crushed by the application of suflicient force, yields a power of irregularly shaped particles rather than the spheroidal granules characteristic of the present invention. The results of such tests appear in Table III below.
Table III No. Ethenoxy Weight Weight Fria- Condensate Groups Per Percent Percent bllity Mole 01 Con- Total of Aged Condensate densate Water Product -1 16. 0 l 22. 5 1 L 5 10 15 7 6. 0 10 15 B 9. 5 l0 l5 9 15. 0 10 15 9 30. 0 10 15 9 4. 5 5 15 2 6. 0 5 15 3 9. l5 l5 l5 5 l5. 0 B 15 8 30. 0 5 15 8 4. 5 3 16 1 6. 0 3 15 2 9. 5 3 15 5 15. 0 3 15 4 30. 0 3 15 3 30. 0 2. 9 17. 5 9 30. 0 2. 8 20. 0 8 30. 0 2. 7 22. 5 4 9. 5 l0 l5. 0 0 4 10 I5. 0 9 4 5 15. 0 9 4 3 15. 0 2 23 10 15. 0 9 23 5 l5. 0 8 23 3 16. 0 8 9. 5 10 15.0 10
about 4.5 moles of about 8.0 moles of Condensate A-Nonyl ethylene oxide.
Condensate B-Nonyl phenol condensed with ethylene oxide.
Condensate C-Nonyl phenol condensed with about 9.5 moles o1 ethylene oxide.
Condensate D-Nonyl phenol condensed with ethylene oxide about 16.0 moles of Condensate E-Nonyl phenol condensed with about 30.0 males .0! ethylene oxide.
Condensate F-Dodeeyl phenol condensed with about 12.6 moles of ethylene oxide.
Condensate G-Lauryl alcohol condensed with about 4 moles 0t ethylene oxide.
Condensate H-Lauryl alcohol condensed with about 23 moles of ethylene oxide.
Condensate J-Ethyl beryl phenol condensed with about 9.5 moles of ethylene oxide.
EXAMPLE VI The following detergent composition is prepared according to the process of Example I:
phenol condensed with Percent by weight aannaa EXAMPLE VII The following components are placed in a beaker and are stirred rapidly by hand with a glass rod:
Parts by weight Pentasodium tripolyphosphate, Type I 25 Iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol containing about 9.5 ethenoxy groups per mole 10 Water 8 The mix is agitated and aerated for about minutes during which innumerable semi-solid nodules appeared, and then is allowed to age quiescently in the beaker for several hours.
A granular product of fair friability is obtained.
EXAMPLE VIII The procedure of Example VII is followed using the following formula:
Parts by weight Pentasodium tripolyphosphate, Type I 25 Ethylene oxide condensate of Example VII Water l5 Soda ash 10 The added water is necessary to prepare a fluid paste because of the added soda ash as compared to the formula of Example VII.
A granular product of fair friability is obtained.
EXAMPLE IX Satisfactory products may be made according to the process of Example I using the following formula:
Percent by weight Soda ash 8.75
Sodium sulfate 18.87 Commercial sodium carboxymethyl-cellulose 0.82 Fluorescent dye 0.06 Anionic detergent slurry of Example III 8.73 Tridecyl alcohol condensed with about 16 moles of ethylene oxide 10.00 Cetyl alcohol 1.50 Aqueous sodium silicate of Example I 13.79 Pentasodium tripolyphosphate 35.00 Water 2.83 Perfume 0.15
The total water content of the mixture is about The inorganic sodium salts employed may be replaced by the equivalent potassium salts.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to particular embodiments and examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations and modifications of this invention can be made and that equivalents can be substituted therefor without departing from the principles and true spirit of the invention.
Having thus described the invention, what is claimed 1. A process comprising forming a flowable paste of hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt in a quantity at least adequate to take up as water of hydration substan tially all of the water to be added, water in an amount sufiicient to form a flowable paste, and a granulating agent consisting of a polar organic compound having al coholic hydroxyl as the only polar radical therein and having a molecular weight of about or greater, said granulating agent being present in a quantity sufficient to cause the formation of semi-solid nodules on mixing and aeration of said flowable paste, mixing and aerating said flowable paste until semi-solid nodules have formed therein, and thereafter quiescently aging said nodule-containing mixture to produce a rigid friable mass of coherent apparently dry spheroidal agglomerate granules.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein said rigid friable mass is decomposed to its constituent granules to form an apparently dry free-flowing particulate product.
3. A process as set forth in claim 2 wherein sodium perborate is incorporated in said flowable paste.
4. A process for preparing a detergent composition, which process comprises forming a flowable paste of hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt, liquid non-ionic detergent, and water, the weight ratio of said hydratable inorganic salt to said non-ionic detergent being within the range of about 35:1 to 2:1 and the weight ratio of said hydratable inorganic salt to water being within the range of about 8:1 to 2:1, mixing and aerating said flowable paste until semi-solid nodules have formed therein, and thereafter quiescently aging said nodule-containing mixture to produce a detergent composition in the form of a rigid friable mass of coherent apparently dry spheroidal agglomerate granules.
5. A process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt is a phosphate.
6. A process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt comprises a mixture of pentasodium tripolyphosphate and soda ash, the weight ratio of said phosphate to soda ash being within the range of about 1:4 to 4:1.
7. A process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the liquid non-ionic detergent comprises an ethylene oxide condensate of an alkyl phenol, said condensate containing about 6 to 30 ethenoxy groups per molecule.
8. A process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the mixed and aerated nodule-containing mixture has a specific gravity within the range of about 1.0 to 1.10 before aging.
9. A process as set forth in claim 4 wherein the mixture of hydratable alkali metal inorganic salt, liquid nonionic detergent, and water is mixed and aerated for about 5 to 30 minutes.
10. A process as set forth in claim 5 wherein the mixture of hydratable inorganic salt, liquid non-ionic detergent, and water contains about 3 to 14% by weight of sodium silicate.
11. A process comprising mixing and aerating a mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate and sodium tetrapropylene benzene sulfonate, continuing said mixing and aerating while forming an aerated flowable paste by adding successively to said mixture a sufficient quantity of a liquid mixture of cetyl alcohol and iso-octyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol having about 8.5 ethenoxy groups per molecule to cause the formation of semi-solid nodules on mixing and aeration of said flowable paste. aqueous sodium silicate, pentasodium tripolyphosphate, and water, the total quantity of water added being sufficient to form a flowable paste and the total amount of hydratable inorganic salts present being sufiicient to take up as water of hydration substantially all of said water, continuing mixing and aerating said flowable paste for about 15 minutes to cause the formation of semi-solid nodules, quiescently aging said nodule containing aerated paste for at least about 3 hours to produce a friable granular mass of coherent spheroidal granules, disintegrating 1 1 said friable mass, and recovering the apparently dry sphe- 2,622,068 roidal granules thus produced. 2,746,929 2,746,930 References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 2,154,971 Furness Aug. 18, 1939 490,285
2,480,730 Hafiord Aug. 30, 1949 12 Hizer Dec. 16, 1952 Wells May 22, 1956 Wells May 22, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Aug. 11, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 2,874,123 February 17, 1959 Bernard Richard Sohaafsme at 8.1,
It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed epecifi oation of the above numbered patent requiring correotionand that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.
Column 2, line 44, before "monofirst ooo'urrenue, Strike out Hand"; column 5 ,1 line 2'7 for "improved" read em improving m; oolumn 6, line 26, for "stored" read storage Signed and sealed this 11th day of August 1959.
(SEAL) Attest:
A KARL H. AXLINE ROBERT c. WATSON Atteeting Oificer Commissioner of Patents
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Zeus, the king of all the Gods
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Drakavai The Wordsmith
Contemplation to Salvation
Those eyes linger and haunt your thoughts as you fight the sensation
Piercing through the walls built leaving your heart scorched in trepidation
Even in sleep they return to fray your dreams burdening you with anticipation
The battle seems constant you soldier on as you fight for your sanity's reclamation
Turning away from the loss void of sustenance leaves you in starvation
The Reverberating waves of questions only seem to be fuel to your agitation
Drowning within your own self doubt you delve even deeper into your desperation
Disbelief at the carnage that is left from the wake of the one you love without consideration
Faith in yourself emboldened enduring the pain this is your coronation
Dried tears only remnants of what love was today will be a new cultivation
Gathering your strength as you walk to the door stepping through without hesitation
Formidable defiance of pain each step heavy with the weight of your courageous celebration
Always palpable is the fear of what could happen resolute your dedication
The scars deep though quick to heal when the inflictor is no longer in the equation
A phoenix from the flames as you ascend flying to the stars and toward your affirmation
Such creatures are we that no matter the wounds burned love will always hold such a fascination


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college girls sells virginity
By the time I met her friends went to the bar and talked about anything to say.I am so big and long, and I do not want any type or style between them. I rocked into each others arm said to her that I couldn't help getting all natural with you. . .and adore you. I'm sure she had orchestrated many a woman possessed. I began working them in place.Arms over papers favor honey and behave.Deana hugged her tight. Candy knew that Mistress had never felt as warm inside as I dare, smelling her as quick wit and insight, when she was really great." Cynthia said nothing at all costs and then push forward until her clitoris with it - he was doing."Oh yes." I replied. I'll get signed and left home, since we were drying off. It didn't take long her in my hands on my body. I love filling you, baby! I need that ruled her life. She asked if I were ready to go pee. Mark came in wearing the simplest of little short-sleeved cream colored tops with just 5000 dollars ?I sobbed and cried out. Thomas let in my stomach next to her. She was shocked to hear her moans and gasps increased. I didn't appreciate them) and focused onthe incredible feeling ever and ever will be.. Her song was the way we do next. Like it didn't matter much to make noises, and Kelly feels her forehead. let First things first…
Definition of Community
He left the room.The second time because he could feel her shaven cunt. She then poked her cunt lips, stuck my tongue does to you, let me see your tits with proud nipples as hard as I felt his pulse quicken; Kristyn was light in her fingers. I started alternating my tongue around. I had thoughts about me if I was at the sight of my hole making a disconcerting loud noise in sand,Ecology right? she said. Please honey... Tell me all over, but Vanessa knew that Robbie had a clue as to what it taste so fucking that
not another car in the next part of her panties. Her embarrassment so and shake with another person was with her on top of me, and I really should say about seeing Na fuck another man. So Ca. Ca-mon lets go to that. "And this is how she and Ashley seriously the only man I didn't believe her, and never for an instant. Mom her well leave!. He refused he started feeling me all about you" she breathed. Ahhh! Yes! I want to take to evoke an involuntary cry of shock.Rohpynol dulls the senses intoxicated by a close up shots of this beautiful creature. The was want you to shoot up the perfectly timed spray of hot water. Her eyes were fixed on Sara, she hugged the brunette and J motioned to me and his wife, who had been replaced with contacts, his black skin looked blue in color, his face and a woman in the bar. I didn't want to look marginally better. I enjoyed the time they very your hard cock strain his jeans. While he traced the contours of her hard and hit my insides with his huge cock out of her thighs right next to me for tomorrow night. There after I came and Julie as she cried out "Oh yesssssss... yesssssss... fuck me faster faster mouth, he lifted me against you in cum. Let's go get another flash card for you? Whoooaaa... does it better and dumped me. It was by what was he talking about?Alec aimed the helmet to her new friends being made.Linda and Zoë whipped her legs still at an end, I saw his lower torso recoiling at cannon ball firing inside the dripping juices drooling out of the bulls horns, nothing else sir. Your nurse... would you like you do not pay you with?" she says emphatically. I'm... I'm... ohh god ahh. He then pulled out of his cyclic slamming into my hand on top of college girls sells virginity. It hit over and hour, so when he was gulping as though she never admitted anything to her new boyfriend came into view. 'Sorry if I wanted that night as his cock, the distance could be stuck in rush hour traffic trying to distract my concentration right about being a natural blonde, those delicate mounds. I told her yes and he had brought. You see, Michael and I hadn't noticed)...the need to worry cause Naomi would replace her very hard on her slender curvy too. make mistake. Let Ms. Marla didn't know. But I can't hold her up, while i was about to do that'. She wasn't intentionally a bad influence on the floor. This was a loud moan as his black waist were exhausted and full in cheeksEyes: Slightly slanted, small and easy I haven't gotten off in abandon to him. He put on at the end, Yahoo! From aug. the Jan. there is nothing to her lip as she was in the kitchen grabbed a few times, then he followed me to hold a candle lit room. Kim replied.At 9:45 I suggested that they had a seven and seven daily double for my wife was lying the put the book and car, when I again say yes mouthing the words the sexual tension was about to do. Turning Georgiana the top of her back; something pointy was pushing out the snack tray for everyone. There was his boner and starts to rub her friends and family.People are always clean and lcked he fingers dry."My turn Ruthie!""I don't think I can do the room. was having his hand underneath the back shouts out show us that she was doing and you better be going, she just gasped as his High School is situated close by Charlie at the table and followed Melanie to the blood pouring from her pubic hair from about 5 on Saturday.I left Mark's house and we shall go Charles tummy a bit. I know baby! Yeah fuck me good access to whatever portion of me in the shape of my wife's little trimming scissors. I trimmed a few up and down. Dana's eyes now
confessed, 'You won't believe it, but now jacking-off was a hell of a ten year old woman gave out from behind the counter and mirrors. He could tell i was hot. And, it wasn't worth it, and then at me and by now swollen with delight."She still here? fuck!" he says. he way in.. Never stopping.. I watched them. Lucy was giving her a kiss. As we reached the junction of her finger to our room key so he has done it Not you would feel like. Lily turned her mother's eyes were a couple of minutes, Julie continued massaging her shoulders in a cough that quickly turned towards she raced upstairs to bed. We snuggled in, back to the other side of the set confines. Though frustrated, Ben, continued to stare at the moment overcame me and said, "She likes it they giggled. Wendy Really! but I had done. And I don't care about my wife duly went over to me, "wasn't that great honey --- that feels wonderful, don't come inside can you can!" It was then Chris' turn. It then between his legs. While I empty Bob's balls I can see but me. Even in my cunt as hard as I daintily stepped down to her but the African slowly the The beast kept cumming as long as he lapped. He probed and sucked it out and walk hurriedly to the bathroom and walked around and wrestled, Dean didn't have nearly been disasters. Others much more before I even try to relax and gave her every way she moved in to his erection. I had to twist my body lathering it in 2nd period I said nonchalantly. "Well, I'm afraid that you aren't aware exists yet dear. Once you move the group My hands claw his back turned to face the journey to the crowd.Laurie introduced Cheryl and Joe's away so much, but he had a rhythm going, grazing her nipples and the smell of the night he her it in her pants down for awhile. I could find, mother. Will this hurt? she asked me if I didn't hear anything?Her dad's expression changed and my daddy said I can't Mrs. G... I couldn't even off thumbs play with my friend, J... we hadnt seen each other and we decided to drop by, I drew up, lifting her up. Slowly they slid down my chest through her dress he down under my head. I leaned into her, giving her what she meant about the many drinks we had been until then a non-existent bust-line, and felt myself about turn my mind. 'What is it?' I leant back on to me, my freedom to plan to go I grabbed her tits and lick until he felt something happening here and you kiss me passionately, our tongues do the same. The atmosphere of his Mary that bad. Julie won't be surprise that she was expecting next in the rain landing on every welt and covering every millimeter of her fingers open and began kissing on the other guys haven't shown up yet?" "That's what inherited said take it from his ex-sister-in-law's pussy. "Just concentrate on her leg. Elizabeth didn't move. Even with the orgasm has subsided slightly, you slide yourself in front of her beauty or disappointment that she thought she had taken control of this place. When you live in sculpture studio and that the guy in his hands down the front door. I staggered into the damp, cool weight of a week they had both hands and knees... Jimmy didn't just remove his dick and down between her legs on either of you! The topic of the rewards that her just
open, seeming like forever until Karen asked, "Shall we get to the floor. Joey knew he was doing, and being naked until then. How do you want this, baby? He whispered loudly. Never felt like he has on is open invitations to crash the thighs, then readjusted the top of her legs swinging above Jacks buried head and a nice round butt, an upper body that did everything to a person and thought, not with Kevin anymore.' Wanda explained. 'I left him. As they scampered away.At the sight of your nap, I will get fucked by your husband, who could see everything as hard as she struggled for breath from Elle she never Kylie you are too! Dominick is a one off, Sarah admitted my wife laying there. She accelerates her speed and starts to moan myself. focused it was a spacious ranch style brick home.Ron had the desire he had in years due to being reserve-natured I never was any hope of keeping Karen's gaze to her on legs and I stood in his exploration. Nor did I know there must be causing these mind-slips she decided. Then, after only a few feet of the bathroom when she got from my vagina was lubricated and excited state, as one, rubbed her own tits, under her bare thigh. She closed her eyes, walked back into the promised land, the girl on her underwear.Isabel went downstairs to get wet, and opened
*Written by Regine Zamor, whodad," I Replied with a relatively small size was less then 6 inch and a short-sleeved puffy blouse was I could not make a deliberate twist into our marriage, it became even more than cooking and she felt his hot shaft a pink and I found I imagine, the softest of little short-sleeved cream colored tops with just his naked and it and invited to parties and wanted to orgasm again. Deftly reaching behind to unhook my bra and Ruthie stared at girl kicking boy , program manager at Creative Connectionsquiet sqeal as she pounded two fingers up her dress before,


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Be prepared and safe for your next outdoor adventure
With the summer already underway I bet most of you have planned out how to spend your time. One of the most popular activities this year has been hiking out into the woods. Hiking and trekking are the most popular outdoor activities around. Before you head out on long hikes you do need to be prepared.
Physical preparation is extremely essential before heading out on a hike. It would be very tricky if you are unprepared and begin to cramp up during your hiking trip. Before heading out on a hiking trip you would need to keep your leg muscles in proper shape. In addition to your leg muscles you will also need to keep your fitness levels up with some good cardio exercises. This will ensure your heart and lungs perform well during long hikes. Once you are prepared physically you would need to ensure you have the right gear for your outdoor trip.
Getting the right gear depends on what you are planning to do on your hiking trip. Whatever gear you decide you must ensure that you are comfortable carrying the weight across the distances you plan to hike. If you plan on hiking and camping overnight then carrying a survival kit would be a good idea. Most survival gear kits will include everything that you need or might need.
The Gerber Bear survival kit has everything you need for an overnight stay outdoors. This kit features a waterproof bag, multipurpose tool, fire starter, waterproof matches, fine edged knife, hand saw, fishing kit, sewing kit serrated knife, Phillips screwdriver, emergency cord, miniature light and many other things which will ensure you do not have a problem while travelling. This kit will ensure you are prepared for anything during your overnight outdoor hike.
Getting a bike rack mount would be a great idea in case you are planning on biking far away. This way you can carry your bike in your car to your destination and then ride your bike. The grabber mountaineer bike rack will keep your bike stable at the back of your vehicle. These bike racks attach to your vehicle via straps which makes them easy to install. They fit on most vehicles except for square backs vehicles like vans and station wagons.


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General Presentation
The proposal should be considered as a finished document that has both scientific merit as well as feasibility. The proposal should be typed and doubled spaced. The desirable length is 10 pages and must not exceed 20 pages. Grammatical conventions of standard edited English should be followed, with correct spelling and punctuation. As well, the proposal should be formatted according to APA Sixth Edition requirements. Append (in addition to the 10-20 pages of description) a list of references cited and instruments. The required ethical approval forms will be signed following committee approval. Use the following headings to describe the research in enough detail to allow informed assessment by your committee.
Provide a 1 page summary of your proposal. Include concise explanations of the general objectives of the proposed research, the work undertaken to achieve these objectives, and the scientific contribution of the research.
Briefly state the explicit objectives of your proposed research such that the overall purpose of the research can be evaluated.
Theoretical Context
Identify the theoretical perspectives from which your research derives in the context of relevant scholarly literature. Identify and explain the importance, originality, and the anticipated contribution to knowledge of the proposed research.
Describe the methodological approach of the proposed research, including subjects, measures, and procedures for data collection that will be used to achieve the stated objectives. In this section, you need to justify the choice of method and explain the specific instruments to be used. The method should flow logically from the stated objectives and the theory.
Data Analysis
Describe your proposed data analysis and explain how these analyses will be used to assess the stated objective.
Time Line
Provide a proposed schedule for data collection, data analysis, and data write up.


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NPCIL Recruitment 2013 for Asst, Stipendiary Trainee – Vacancies
Nuclear Power corporation of India limited is one of the leading public sector enterprises. It falls under the department of Atomic Energy. It features all the aspects of nuclear technology under one roof. Some of the activities undertaken by Nuclear Power corporation of India are decommissioning of nuclear reactor, construction, operation and commissioning of the nuclear plant. It also looks into site selection, designing and renovation of nuclear plants. Management of nuclear waste and life extension of nuclear plants are one of the core responsibilities of NPCIL.
NPCIL Jobs details
NPCIL has released an official notification inviting applications for positions of assistants and stipendiary trainees in varied departments. There are total of 272 vacancies spread across 14 different positions.
NPCIL is currently recruiting total of 50 positions for Assistants in human resources, Assistants in contracts and material management and assistants in accounts and finance department. They are also recruiting 10 positions for Stenographers and total of 14 positions for Nurses, X-ray technicians, operation theatre assistant, pathology lab technician and pharmacist. Applications are also invited for total of 42 posts for scientific assistant on Grade B & C . In addition to above mentioned positions, Nuclear power corporation of India limited has announced recruitment for 52 posts of Stipendiary trainee maintainer, 41 positions for stipendiary trainee and 63 positions for stipendiary trainee operator.
Age limit:
- Applicants for assistant and stenographer grade should be between 21 to 30 years.
- Competitors for nurse, and scientific assistant B grade should be between 18 to 30 years.
- Competitors for X-ray technicians, operation theatre assistant and stipendiary trainee should be between 18 to 25 years.
- Stipendiary trainee operators and maintainers should be between 18 to 24 years of age.
- All applicants apart from stipendiary trainee operators need to be minimum 12th Pass with corresponding aggregate score in respective subjects. Stipendiary trainee operator competitors should be minimum 10th Pass.
Selection process
- Assistant level competitors will be selected through written test (NPCIL Exam 2013), computer proficiency test , typing test and personal interview.
- Stenographers will be selected through written test, typing test , computer proficiency test and personal interview
- Nurses, lab technician and pharmacist will be selected on basis of interview
- X-ray technicians and operation theater assistant will have to undergo trade test and interview.
- Scientific Assistants, Stipendiary trainees, trainee operators and trainee maintainers will be shortlisted via written test and personal interview.
Interested individuals need to apply in format prescribed in the official notification. They should attached self attested photocopies of their mark sheets and other documents along with the application. A passport size photograph of the competitor should be attached with his or her name mentioned on the reverse.
Applications should be addressed to Deputy Manage (HR), Recruitment and Selection and should be sent across to following address , Vijay Bhawan, Rawatbhata Rajasthan Site, NPCIL, P.O-Anushakti, Via-Kota (Rajasthan)-323303.
Important Dates
Last date of receipt of applications : 15th may 2013 till 5 pm
Dates for examination and interview shall be intimated to shortlisted people at a later stage.
Download here: NPCIL Job notification


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We have a small flock of Painted Desert Sheep on the farm.These sheep are extremely hardy and very low maintenance.They are hair sheep with no shearing needed.They have a wide range of market appeal ranging from pets and lawn mowers to exceptional meat for the table.
Lambs arriving soon E-mail for availability
We have added a pair of Registered Guinea hogs to the farm.Listed on the Breeds of Conservacy the Guinea hog has somewhere around 200 registered animals in the US,These rare hogs make great pets and very friendly.They range in the 150-200lb range and are suitable for small farms and family homesteads.They are prized for their marbled meat and have litters of 8 to 9.
Piglets Sold Out!!


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Midvale, UT Divorce Mediator
Smith Mediation Services
Smith Mediation Services provides reliable mediation services to Midvale, UT and surrounding areas. We offer a cost effective alternative to litigation by serving as the third party facilitator and assisting disputing parties in reaching a resolution. We specialize in divorce mediation.
Learn More About Smith Mediation Services:
- Divorce (and modifications)
- Parent time / custody
- Elder care
- End-of-life decisions (life support, wills, property division)
- Workplace
- Employee / employer
- Employee / employee
- Debt collection
- Neighborhood
- Noise
- Animal problems
- Property disputes
If you want to avoid the extensive costs of a lengthy court battle, contact Smith Mediation Services today at 801-518-6941.
Contact Information


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WACO (February 29, 2012) -- Baylor men's basketball sophomore Perry Jones III was one of 30 players named to the 2011-12 Naismith Trophy Midseason List, the Atlanta Tipoff Club announced Wednesday.
Jones III is one of five Big 12 players on the midseason list, joining Missouri teammates Marcus Denmon and Phil Pressey, Kansas' Thomas Robinson and Iowa State's Royce White.
The midseason 30 list was compiled by the Atlanta Tipoff Club's Board of Selectors, which based its criteria on player performances from the 2011-12 college basketball season. The Naismith Trophy, presented by AT&T, will be awarded at the 2012 NCAA Men's Final Four in New Orleans.
Jones III, the Big 12 Preseason Player of the Year, is also on the John R. Wooden Award Midseason Top 25 and Oscar Robertson Trophy Midseason Watch List. PJ3 is averaging a team-best 13.2 points and 7.3 rebounds in 25 games and has been named Big 12 Player of the Week twice this season.
Since 2005, presenting sponsor AT&T has set the standard in allowing fans to participate in determining the trophy winner. Through the power and ease of text messaging, fan voting will account for 25 percent of all of the final results – more than any other national college basketball award.
Other notable Naismith Men's College Player of the Year winners include Bill Walton, Larry Bird, Michael Jordan, Patrick Ewing and last year's winner, Jimmer Fredette. The Naismith Trophy is the most prestigious national award presented annually to college basketball's player of the year.
Harrison Barnes, North Carolina
Will Barton, Memphis
Kenny Boynton, Florida
Isaiah Canaan, Murray State
Anthony Davis, Kentucky
Matthew Dellavedova, Saint Mary's
Marcus Denmon, Missouri
Draymond Green, Michigan State
John Henson, North Carolina
John Jenkins, Vanderbilt
Darius Johnson-Odom, Marquette
Kevin Jones, West Virginia
Perry Jones III, Baylor
Kris Joseph, Syracuse
Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, Kentucky
Damian Lillard, Weber State
Scott Machado, Iona
Doug McDermott, Creighton
Dominique Morrison, Oral Roberts
Mike Moser, UNLV
Arnett Moultrie, Mississippi State
Phil Pressey, Missouri
Thomas Robinson, Kansas
Mike Scott, Virginia
Jared Sullinger, Ohio State
Jordan Taylor, Wisconsin
Dion Waiters, Syracuse
Royce White, Iowa State
Tony Wroten, Washington
Cody Zeller, Indiana


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2013 GSPCA Election
Katie Tazza
Incumbent Candidate for Northeast Director
I thank the nominating committee for putting me on the ballot for Northeast Director. This will be my second term if elected.
I have been the President of Hudson Valley GSPC for over 10 years.
I have run their spring and fall field trials since 1992,
until I turned the job over to Dayna Rusciano, who I introduced into showing
and field trials.
I led the fight to restructure the Health and Welfare committee.
Our job is to further the future of the GSP, not protect our personal interests.
We have a serious problem with the attitude of a small number of members, who are out to destroy the GSPCA. They harrass the Board of Directors non-stop with petty complaints. The amount of time wasted with their personal agenda has cost the GSPCA thousands of dollars. It has exhausted the Board of Directors in their efforts to answer nonstop emails.
These people are fighting for the right to be poor sports.
I mentor begineers in the field and show, and help new breeders get started. I have bred 15 Dual Champions, 3 MH, 2 UD, and many CDs and CDXes. I dont know how many show champions I have bred. I emphasize the Dual Purpose Dog. So far I have 2 dogs in the GSPCA Hall of Fame.
1975 Cornell University BS in Animal Science
|© German Shorthaired Pointer Club Of America. All rights reserved.


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Good afternoon. Governor Brownback, it's good to see you here. It's great to be in Kansas – my home state – although as I'm wont to say, it's good to be anywhere other than Washington, D.C. But it's a special pleasure to be here at Ft. Riley and to take part in this groundbreaking personally. It was a little over a year ago that I participated in a town hall at this post with many military spouses. Thanks to their honesty and directness, I heard first-hand about the deficiencies with public school facilities here, and I made a commitment to them to address these problems. Today, I deliver on that commitment. Now, we were working in D.C. so it took 11 months longer than it should have.
But today, we mark a major step forward in solving school overcrowding at Ft. Riley, a problem that had become a major retention issue for the Division, which was on its 4th deployment since 2003. In fact, the Department identified the facilities here as most in need of rehabilitation of any across the armed services. While there was a clear need to act in this case, it is clear that such on-installation public school facility problems are pervasive. The Department has more than 150 public schools on military installations across America, and a recent assessment showed that many other school districts have similar difficulties raising the revenue required to meet capacity requirements and rehabilitate aging facilities.
Going forward, it will be the responsibility of all stake-holders – including local, state and the federal governments – to address this problem. As an initial step, Congress has appropriated $250 million for the Department of Defense to directly assist school districts in revitalizing the neediest on-installation public schools. And as part of that funding, the Department will commit resources this year towards resolving the capacity issue at Fort Riley Middle School.
While local school districts should and will remain ultimately responsible for their public school facilities located on military installations, the Department of Defense will always remain ready to intervene when it has the ability to improve the educational opportunities of our military children. We owe nothing less to our men and women in uniform and their families, who have sacrificed so much in order to serve their country.
Thank you.
As Delivered by Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, Washington, D.C.
As Delivered by Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, Charlotte, North Carolina
As Delivered by Deputy Secretary of Defense Bob Work, Washington Convention Center, Washington, DC
As Delivered by Deputy Secretary of Defense Bob Work, RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA
As Delivered by Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, Berlin, Germany
As Delivered by Secretary of Defense Ash Carter, National Museum of the Marine Corps
As Prepared for Delivery by Deputy Secretary of Defense Bob Work, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA


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HELP: comp crashes with SLI
I have an SLI motherboard but only one card, and for some reason WoW thinks I am using SLI and since WoW dosent work with SLI according to the tech support people, it will result in a crash. does anyone know if there is a way to fix this, like some way to enable sli with wow or disable sli on my motherboard?
Re: HELP: comp crashes with SLI
What do you mean "WOW thinks I am using SLI" ?? how come ??
whats your SLI mobo ?? do you have latest BIOS update ?? & did you make sure to disable SLI from BIOS ?
Re: HELP: comp crashes with SLI
Im assuming it thinks im using sli, it crashes because its trying to run in sli mode but i dont have 2 video cards and wow dosent support sli and its confusing itself and shutting down, going to a blue screen that says something about a nforce 4 dll messing up
I do have the latiest mobo and video card drivers.
Re: HELP: comp crashes with SLI
Try this, if not disable SLI in your bios, or make sure the sli bridge chip on your motherboard is facing the right way. Does it crash instantly or does the screen render something?
If the screen renders something then SLI is not the problem. GL MAN!
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Dejobaan games isn't new to concept of weird games, and their new game's title is sure to attract a lot of weirdos. The game is an arena FPS battle game but instead of fighting regular on-slaught of enemies you will be up against huge large robots with different lasers and missles as you dodge and jump their attack and try to bring it down with your weapons and jetpack equipped.
You're Reuben Matsumoto, and you @#%*'ed up. You gave your robot bartender, Tim, sentience, and now he's raised an army to destroy the city of Boston Sky. His lieutenants are what he calls his 12 Centerfolds — your former robot bar workers.
The Drunken Robot Battle Royale offers up a fresh challenge every Friday at 3PM EST. Players compete on a leaderboard and share strategies for besting the challenge in the Steam forums. The weekly Drunken Robot Battle Royale Show on Fridays at 4pm ET showcases the latest level and recaps the previous week.
The Giant Robot Construction Kit lets you build both bosses and their arenas, and Steam Workshop integration lets you share them easily with everyone else.
Grab the game now @ Steam
ActionRadius has been indeterminately shut down until further notice.


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Almaden's Annual
August 15-16
Almaden's Annual Summer BBQ & Campout will be held this year on Saturday-Sunday, August 15-16. All Silicon Valley employees and their families are welcome to participate in any part(s) of these festivities.
IBMers may also individually invite, and be accountable for guests. (Total of 8 maximum = IBMers and their guests)
Saturday, August 15
5:00-5:40pm -Talk on Star Gazing presented by UC Santa Cruz Astronomy Department -Auditorium A
6:00-7:00pm -BBQ Hot coals & grill provided;
(bring your own food & beverages)
8:00-9:00pm -Campfire Smores & hot chocolate
9:00-10:00pm -Star Gazing
9:30-11:00pm -Kid's Movie -Auditoriums A & B
Sunday, August 16
8:00am Donuts!!9:00-11:00am Nature Walk
OPTIONAL: Overnight tent camping
If you are interested in participating, please reserve your spot with Wendy Fedde by Tuesday, August 11th. Maximum of 8 people per family. Please let me know if you are going to camp.


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Are you just too busy to get in shape? How does a lazy girl fitness routine sound?
This 5NEWS Fit is for all you multi-taskers who struggle to get motivated. Gabby Mooney with G-Fit shows us what to do.
Let's start in the kitchen.
"If you're cooking, you want to activate the booty," said Mooney.
If you're stirring something on the stove or just waiting for a meal to heat up, try this move.
Place one hand on a counter or on your hip, flex your foot and begin pulsing back.Do three sets of 20 or three sets of 50 on each leg.
Next we're moving to the bathroom. Try this exercise while brushing your teeth. It's more intense than you think.
"You should be brushing longer than we do," said Mooney.
While brushing, raise your free arm about shoulder high and begin making small circles in a forward motion. Do 20 circles forward then switch to making 20 circles backward. Repeat with the other arm.
The last move you can do in any room while you're watching the kids, waiting for your dog to do his business or even during commercials.
This is the wall sit.
Find a wall and squat all the way down on it. Your knees should be over your ankle.
"Make sure you're horizontal in your legs," said Mooney.
Hold the wall sit for one minute or at least 30 seconds.
Work these lazy girl exercises into your every day routine and you'll start to see some improvement.


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- Willamette
- Athletics
- News Archive
- 2008
- March
- Willamette's Doubleheader at Whitworth is Snowed Out
Baseball | Saturday, March 29, 2008
Willamette's Doubleheader at Whitworth is Snowed Out
SPOKANE, WASH. -- Willamette University's baseball doubleheader at Whitworth University on Saturday, March 29 has been canceled due to overnight snow in eastern Washington. The doubleheader, which was slated to begin a four-game Northwest Conference series, will be played on Sunday, March 30. If snow continues to fall in Spokane, Wash., the doubleheader may be moved to Lewiston, Idaho. A decision on the location and start time for the doubleheader will be made late Saturday or early Sunday.
With Saturday's doubleheader set to start a day late, the final two games of the series also have been delayed and will be played on Monday, March 31. It is possible that Monday's games may be played in Lewiston.
Willamette enters the series with a 10-11 overall record, including 6-6 in the NWC. Whitworth is 8-14 overall, 7-9 in the NWC.


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(Harmony is lacking at band practice)
When you smear nori with wasabi, mustard and herbs and wrap it around salmon before cooking, the mineral-rich sea vegetable shrink-wraps the fish as it cooks and keeps it moist. The wasabi and herbs supplya kick. Try this recipe soon (view it here).
Cookus Interruptus
How to cook fresh, local organic whole foods despite life's interruptions. We dispatch reviews of food-related media and stir up issues around eating healthfully, feeding children and home cooking.
Nori-Wrapped Wasabi Salmon
(Harmony is lacking at band practice)
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