text:
HECKLER v. EDWARDS
- 1980-1989
Legal provision: 28 U.S.C. 1252
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger: We'll hear arguments next in Heckler against Edwards.
Mr. Garvey, I think you may proceed whenever you're ready.
John H. Garvey: Thank you.
Mr. Chief Justice and may it please the Court:
Section 1252 of the Judicial Code provides that any party may appeal to this Court from a decision by a court of the United States holding unconstitutional an act of Congress.
The issue in this case is whether the Government must appeal to this Court in a case where it concedes that the statute is unconstitutional and the only issue is the question of what relief should be provided.
The statute in this case is Section 211(a)(5)(A) of the Social Security Act, which deals with self-employment income from a family business in community property states.
What that section says is that if a family business is not run as a partnership then for purposes of old age, survivors and disability insurance all the income from the business shall be attributed to the earnings account of the husband, unless the wife is able to show that she exercised substantially all the management and control of the business.
In 1980 the Attorney General determined that that presumption made in that section was unconstitutional and informed Congress that he would not defend on appeal a case called Becker against Califano, which had held that section unconstitutional.
Three weeks later Respondent filed this action on behalf of a class of affected wives in community property states.
The Government acknowledged in the district court that the section was unconstitutional and did not defend it.
So the district court shortly entered judgment on the uncontested issue of liability and held the section unconstitutional.
Thereafter and until now, the only issue in this case has been what relief should be provided for that deficiency in the statute.
The Government proposed in the district court that, since the invalid provision was simply an exception to Section 211(a), the general rule applying in the 42 non-community property states, that what the district court should do was what was done throughout the rest of the country.
That is to say, if the family business wasn't run as a partnership then all the income should be attributed to one spouse or the other without the use of any presumption, after a determination of which one was chiefly responsible for running the business.
The district court disagreed and held, among other things, that in community property states the income should be divided between husband and wife according to the amounts of their labor in the business.
The Government appealed to the Court of Appeals, which dismissed in a one-sentence order saying it didn't have jurisdiction because of Section 1252, and the Government then petitioned this Court for a writ of certiorari.
Our position can be summed up briefly in two points: number one, only an appeal from the constitutional issue can bring a case to this Court: number two, the question of relief in this case is not part of the constitutional issue.
Let me begin with the first of those points.
Only an appeal from the holding of unconstitutionality can bring the case to this Court under Section 1252.
It's important to recognize at the outset that Section 1252 is a unique jurisdictional provision.
In that section what Congress did was to pick out from the whole universe of cases that customary go from the district courts to the Court of Appeals a few unique cases which, because of their great importance, were thought to warrant extraordinary treatment and immediate review in this Court.
The extraordinary treatment is, first of all, tat they're within the mandatory appellate jurisdiction of this Court; but in addition, they leapfrog over the Courts of Appeals.
And unlike even cases coming to this Court under Section 1253, they haven't had the benefit of review even by three district judges by getting here.
The reason Congress did this, in the words of the sponsor of the bill which became Section 1252, the reason was this.
The sponsor of the bill said:
"It is ridiculous that the final determination as to the constitutionality of an act of Congress be held in abeyance for two or three years and nobody knows whether or not it is constitutional. "
The House report said, in similar--
Unidentified Justice: Mr. Garvey, do you propose to shift at some point in your argument from the statement of the sponsors to the language of the statute?
John H. Garvey: --Indeed I do.
I intend to turn there briefly.
Let me, if I may, just finish this thought and then I'll turn to the language of the section.
The House report on the bill said that its purpose was to provide a prompt determination by the court of last resort of disputed questions of constitutionality of the acts of Congress.
This is not such a case.
As I will demonstrate when I get to my second point, it does not even involve a constitutional issue.
At most what it involves is something like a question of statutory intent.
At worst, it involves nothing more than a simple question about whether the district judge properly exercised her equitable discretion in providing a remedy for a conceded unconstitutional provision in the statute.
Those are like the questions that the Courts of Appeals address every day.
They are not the questions of extraordinary importance that Congress determined should come immediately to this Court.
Now let me turn to the language of the statute--
Unidentified Justice: I suppose some issues, although not constitutional ones, can be as important in other ways.
John H. Garvey: --That is certainly so.
There are many questions of statutory construction that are more important than some of the kinds of questions that can come to this Court under Section 1252.
Nevertheless, Section 1252 does not turn on the importance of the question, but on whether an act of Congress has been held unconstitutional.
Now, what the statute provides... and we have reproduced it at page 2 of our brief.
What the statute provides is, in the first paragraph it addresses what should be done with appeals from the holding of unconstitutionality.
In the second paragraph it addresses what should be done with other issues.
The first paragraph says:
"Any party may appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decree or order by a court of the United States holding an Act of Congress unconstitutional in any civil action to which the United States is a party. "
Now, there are two ways in which that, in which the language in that first paragraph, can be read.
But I would suggest that only one of them makes sense in light of what Congress had in mind in providing this extraordinary review mechanism.
One way of understanding that language is that any party may appeal from any issue that is decided in a judgment or order along with the issue of the unconstitutionality of an Act of Congress.
So one way of looking at the judgment or order is that it's a kind of grab bag and, provided the issue of unconstitutionality is in there, a party is entitled to take any other issue up to this Court, even if the unconstitutional question is not brought to this Court.
So for example, if in this Court in the same judgment in which the district court held the statute unconstitutional it had also denied attorney's fees to the plaintiff, this grab bag interpretation of the first section would entitle the plaintiff to bring up to this Court the question of her entitlement to attorney's fees, even though the constitutional question is not presented.
Or, to take another example, if in the same judgment the district court had decided a pendent question of state law and nobody was interested in appealing the holding of unconstitutionality, this grab bag way of reading the first paragraph would entitle the losing party on the question of state law to bring it directly to this Court.
Unidentified Justice: By calling it a grab bag way of reading the paragraph, are you suggesting it's not a preferred or not a reasonable way of looking at the paragraph?
John H. Garvey: That's exactly what I'm suggesting.
Unidentified Justice: Well, certainly it doesn't seem implausible to me, given the language you just read, that you say any party may appeal to the Supreme Court from a particular kind of final judgment.
What kind of final judgment?
A final judgment holding any Act of Congress unconstitutional.
And if the final judgment meets that definition, it may contain a number of other provisions, and if you want to appeal any of them you have to go to the Supreme Court.
John H. Garvey: As I said, the language and the syntax of that paragraph will support that reading.
I suggest that that reading doesn't make a lot of sense in light of what Congress had in mind in adopting that section, and that there is another reading which can be given to it, which is that the first paragraph is entitled to authorize only appeals from the holding of unconstitutionality, that that is the issue which brings the whole case to this Court and that's an essential prerequisite for getting the case up here under the first paragraph.
Unidentified Justice: Mr. Garvey, did the United States take a protective appeal here?
John H. Garvey: No, we did not.
Unidentified Justice: Was that a conscious decision?
John H. Garvey: I don't know whether it was a conscious decision or not.
That interpretation of the first paragraph of Section 1252 I think is, the interpretation we propose, is supported by the language of the second paragraph, because what the second paragraph says is that once this notice of appeal, which I think is this proper Section 1252 notice of appeal, is filed, the second paragraph tells you what to do with the other issues in the case.
It says if any of those issues have been taken to other courts... that is to say, to the Court of Appealss... prior to the filing of the proper Section 1252 notice of appeal to this Court, they shall be treated as taken directly to this Court... that is to say, they will be transferred from the Court of Appeals to this Court... when the holding of unconstitutionality is brought here, so that the whole case can be decided together.
It also says in the first paragraph that the party who has received a notice of appeal under this section shall take any subsequent appeal or cross-appeal to the Supreme Court.
Now, the reason for that direction is, in the example that I gave earlier, if the winning party is sitting around drafting her notice of appeal on the question of attorney's fees to the Court of Appeals, where it would go but for an appeal to this Court on the question of unconstitutionality, the first sentence says that she ought instead to file the notice of appeal to this Court because the appeal on the constitutional question has brought the case here.
Unidentified Justice: Suppose, Mr. Garvey, that you have the whole range.
You have a decision on constitutionality, which would clearly in your view bring the case directly here, but that there were also some remedial factors and some attorney's fees.
Is there any statute that would prevent this Court, after it had decided the constitutional question, to remand the case for a determination, for an examination by the Court of Appeals of the other two questions that were not constitutional?
Or would this Court be required to decide all the issues?
I don't believe this Court would be required to decide all the issues.
I think the reason why the second paragraph directs the other issues to be brought to this Court is that in the ordinary case the party bringing them up won't yet have had a chance to have them reviewed and Congress didn't want those issues being decided simultaneously with the decision on the constitutional question in this Court so that inconsistent results might be reached.
But the procedure you suggest wouldn't result in possible inconsistencies in the determinations.
But one way or another, the parties would be entitled to review of the district court in some way?
John H. Garvey: Yes, they would.
The second paragraph, by leapfrogging over the Court of Appeals, deprives those parties appealing on other issues of their usual right to have at least one appeal in the Court of Appeals.
Well, that is our first point, that only an appeal from the holding of unconstitutionality can bring the case, although it brings the whole case, to this Court under Section 1252.
Our second point is that the question of relief in this case is not a part of the holding of unconstitutionality.
Respondent has maintained that the issue of relief here is an intrinsic aspect of the holding of unconstitutionality.
But that is not so, as I think a couple of examples ought to make clear.
Suppose that what the district court had done in this case after holding the statute unconstitutional was to adopt the approach the Government suggested.
Suppose the district court had concluded that, because this exception to the general rule in Section 211(a) was invalid, that it ought to apply the basic rule in Section 211(a) that applies in non-community property states.
If Respondent, plaintiff in the district court, had appealed that issue of relief to this Court, Respondent would not be able to contest the holding of unconstitutionality, having prevailed on it in the district court.
And the Government, having conceded the unconstitutionality of Section 211(a)(5)(A), would have no interest in contesting it in this Court, and yet the appeal would be brought directly here.
Or to take an even more extreme example, suppose the district court had gone a step further and actually... suppose this were an individual action.
Suppose the district court had gone a step further and actually recomputed the Respondent's earnings account.
Suppose that on the basis of that recomputation the district court had concluded that Respondent was entitled to collect $200 in old age benefits under the Social Security Act, and suppose that Respondent believed she was entitled to collect $205 a month.
If relief is in fact an intrinsic part of the holding of unconstitutionality, Respondent would be entitled to bring to this Court her disagreement with the district court about the additional $5 a month, notwithstanding that again she couldn't contest the holding of unconstitutionality, having prevailed on that issue in the district court.
Or, to take just one more example, suppose the district court had done what it did in this case and said that the income was to be divided between husband and wife, but that the district court had declined to recompute earnings accounts back to 1950 because, the court might say, some wives are going to be better off under those earnings accounts, under the earnings accounts of their husbands, than they will be under the new standard, and we don't want to disturb their reliance interests; and some husbands are going to be deprived of benefits if we recompute.
So we'll just make this prospective.
Once again, when the case got to this Court there would be no question about the unconstitutionality of Section 211(a)(5)(A).
Now, what those examples show, I think, are two things.
What they show first of all is that there is involved in this case at this point no constitutional question whatever.
The choice among the three types of relief that I suggested in those examples is not determined by the Constitution.
All three of them are constitutionally permissible.
What's more, the type of relief that the district court chose, the one of those three that I suggested or another one, the one that it chose, the type of relief that the district court chose might in fact be, for all we know, precisely the one that Congress would prefer it to apply, given the unconstitutionality of Section 211(a)(5)(A), which everybody concedes.
That means that the district court's decision on the question of relief, unlike its decision on the question of unconstitutionality, may very well be quite consistent with the wishes of Congress.
Unidentified Justice: But I take it it was not consistent with the Government's arguments there as to what the intent of Congress was.
John H. Garvey: Indeed not.
But whether or not it is inconsistent with the wishes of Congress is something that at this point we don't know, whereas its holding on Section 211(a)(5)(A) we do know is inconsistent with what Congress wanted, because wrote that into the statute and the district court said that statute is invalid.
So the question of relief may very well be consistent with what Congress wanted to do, and in that case I would suggest that there isn't the need for immediate review in this Court that exists in the case where the statute is actually held unconstitutional and that issue is still being litigated.
Now, I said that those examples showed two things and one of them was that the case didn't really involve any question of unconstitutionality; in fact, it really involves a question of what Congress would want to do, or maybe what it involves is a question about equitable discretion.
For example, in last example that I gave the district court took account of the reliance interests of people who were already collecting benefits under the invalid provision and said that maybe the most equitable approach is to protect their interests by making the judgment prospective.
Those kinds of decisions about what Congress had in mind, about the equitable... about the reliance interests of people who are already collecting benefits, are the kinds of questions that the Court of Appeals decide every day in cases of statutory construction, in cases where... in other cases involving issues about the proper remedy.
What's more, the impact of the decision on the question of relief is quite unlike the impact of the holding of unconstitutionality.
The impact might only be a difference of five dollars a month, as was shown in the second example that I gave.
I think--
Unidentified Justice: Mr. Garvey, can I ask you this question?
You use hypothetical examples, which is understandable because this problem doesn't exactly arise every day.
How often has this particular problem... has it ever arisen before where the Attorney General has conceded the unconstitutionality of a statute?
John H. Garvey: --Yes.
I think this is precisely the question that arose in Montana Contractors against Kreps, a case in which this Court dismissed for lack of jurisdiction.
The issue in Montana Contractors was whether the plaintiff was entitled to collect damages after the district court held the minority business enterprise provision of the Public Works Employment Act unconstitutional.
And I presume because the Government did not docket a separate appeal on the question of unconstitutionality, this Court dismissed plaintiff's appeal on the question of whether he was entitled to damages because of the enforcement of that provision.
Unidentified Justice: You say you presume.
Certainly our summary action doesn't explain it, does it?
John H. Garvey: No, your summary action does not explain it, although it does note that the dismissal is for lack of jurisdiction.
I would also suggest, Justice Stevens, that it may be, with the less frequent use of three-judge courts nowadays, that the question may be one of more significance in future cases than it has been in the past.
We suggested in our reply brief that the question might come up in the wake of this Court's decision in INS against Chada about questions of severability, which we say are really no different from the question of relief involved in this case.
So it is one which I think has not only arisen in the past, but may reoccur with some frequency.
Let me make just one last point.
The question in this case is not whether this Court should review the question of relief or not.
The question in this case is whether this Court should immediately review the district court's decision on the issue of relief, because we presume that if an appeal were taken to the Court of Appeals and the impact of the relief really were severe and it really was fairly clear that the relief chosen was not the one that Congress would have preferred, that certiorari is always available from the Court of Appeals' decision on the question of relief under Section 1254(1).
So the question is not whether this Court should review it; it's whether it should review it immediately, rather than after having the benefit of the Court of Appeals' determination.
If there are no further questions, I'd like to reserve the remainder of my time for rebuttal.
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger: Very well.
Mr. Dudovitz.
Neal S. Dudovitz: Thank you, Mr. Chief Justice, and may it please the Court:
The issue before you today involves both determining the parameters of the appeals to this Court as well as appeals to the Court of Appeals under Section 1291.
As the Government has acknowledged, the federal district court in this case did hold a federal statute, Section 211(a)(5)(A) of the Social Security Act, unconstitutional.
It also went forward and awarded constitutionally adequate relief to the class members whose rights were violated.
The Government filed a notice of appeal from the district court order holding the statute unconstitutional.
But they filed that notice of appeal to the Ninth Circuit and not to this Court.
There was, as, Justice Blackmun, you noted by your question, no protective appeal filed in this Court.
Section 1291, which sets forth the jurisdictional parameters for the Court of Appeals, says that the Court of Appeals may not have jurisdiction if it's possible for there to be an appeal to this Court.
The operative word in the statute is the word "may".
If you may appeal to this Court, then the Court of Appeals loses its jurisdiction.
And as this Court has emphasized recently in its Donovan case, what that means is is that there is only one place for you to go when you're appealing from an order holding an Act of Congress unconstitutional.
The issue here then turns on whether or not this case presents a situation where the place for the Government to go if they had an appeal was this Court.
We believe that the requirements of 1252 are pretty clear right on its face.
They talk about, as most of the commentaries have pointed out, four basic requirements, three of which... that it be from a proper court, that it be a civil action, the Government be a party... are really not controversial and certainly are not in issue in this case, and the fourth requirement, that the order being appealed from must be from a holding that a statute is unconstitutional.
Well, there's no doubt that the order of the district court from which the Government appealed was in fact such an order.
And it is important to recognize in this case that their notice of appeal purports to be a notice of appeal from that entire order.
It simply says, we're appealing from that final judgment where the court, the district court, held the statute unconstitutional.
We contend that, on the basis of that kind of notice, which fits squarely within 1252 and particularly so in a situation as here where the issue the Government wants to contest is really the relief that the court fashioned consistent with the Constitution to remedy the violation.
Unidentified Justice: Well, Mr. Dudovitz, I'm curious to know how much of your position depends on the form of the Government's notice of appeal.
Supposing everything were the same here except the Government's notice of appeal said, the Government appeals from all of that order the district court entered except that portion holding such and such unconstitutional.
Do you think that should have gone to the Court of Appeals?
Neal S. Dudovitz: No, I don't think that should have gone to the Court of Appeals.
I think the fact that the Government did that sort of highlights why this case is appropriate, but in and of itself it is not determinative.
And that is because what it highlights essentially is there was a choice.
And as I pointed out, under 1291 when there's a possibility that seems to point us toward 1252.
In fact, the Government would concede that.
The Government would concede that they in fact could have appealed the constitutional issue to this Court even though they didn't contest it in the district court, similar to what happened in the Clark case, where they didn't contest it in the Court of Claims and then appealed it to this Court.
So that's something that the Government says can happen.
Unidentified Justice: Suppose a concession of unconstitutionality was made and the Court of Appeals rejected it.
Would there then be a decision under 1252 on the constitutionality?
Neal S. Dudovitz: Yes, there would, because--
Unidentified Justice: And then what should be done?
Neal S. Dudovitz: --1252 is not limited to applicability in the district court.
It also applies to the Court of Appeals.
Unidentified Justice: Oh, I didn't make myself clear.
I mean when it came to the Court of Appeals, the district court not having passed on it but having accepted the concession, the Court of Appeals said, no, we don't accept concessions on constitutional issues and we're going to decide it.
Then could they decide it?
Neal S. Dudovitz: I guess your question presumes that it was proper for that case to get in the Court of Appeals in the first place.
If it was, as I was trying to say, if it was and then the Court of Appeals holds the statute unconstitutional, then you're going to be under 1252 and the appeal from the Court of Appeals could come directly to this Court because, as I was saying, 1252 is not limited to the district court.
Unidentified Justice: As an appeal and not as a cert.--
Neal S. Dudovitz: Not as a cert, that's correct.
With regard to the relationship of the relief to the constitutional question, I would point out that the Government itself agrees, as they've noted on page 3 of their reply brief, that the district court must address the questions of relief as a consequence of holding that statute unconstitutional.
That is something the court had to do.
That was part of its job once it found that statute unconstitutional.
And it seems to me that that puts that issue as a predicate; that the predicate to that issue therefore is the holding of unconstitutionality, which therefore binds the Government to do something.
And that's the kind of problem that the court... excuse me... that Congress wanted to bring to this Court.
When the Government was going to be bound, when something was going to happen to the Government as a result of holding the statute unconstitutional, Congress wanted this Court to quickly and promptly resolve that problem, to make sure that the disruption to the Government was minimum.
Now, the Government's line here that they've attempted to draw we contend just plainly doesn't fit within the statute on its face.
They are trying to draw, in a sense here, lines which do not exist.
There is no phrase or statement in Section 1252 that suggests that the issues to be appealed must be the question of constitutionality.
Unidentified Justice: --Certainly there are intimations in the second paragraph, aren't there?
Neal S. Dudovitz: There are, but it's very different, Your Honor, from the kinds of language that exist in the other direct appeal statutes, that talk more about the kinds of issues, such as 1257 and 1254.
And it's also very different from the earlier predecessor of 1252, which was repealed in 1925.
And in that earlier language, which the Government cites in its cert petition at page 11, the statute said that in any case that involves constitutional construction on application of the Constitution or in which the Constitution or the laws of the U.S. are brought into question, that that's when you bring a case up.
Now, the Congress didn't go back and bring that language back.
Unidentified Justice: But now take the second sentence of the second paragraph on page 2 of the brief:
"All appeals or cross appeals taken to other courts prior to such notice shall be treated as taken directly to the Supreme Court. "
Now, that hypothesizes that appeals to the Court of Appeals by some party would have been proper in the case of a judgment which held an Act of Congress unconstitutional, don't you think?
Neal S. Dudovitz: Well, I contend and we have argued that what that could very well be referring to is in fact other kinds of appeals, such as interlocutory appeals, which may have been appropriate in the Court of Appeals prior to the holding of the Act being unconstitutional.
The real import of the entire second paragraph is to make sure that when this Court gets a case where an Act has been held unconstitutional, it gets all aspects of the case so that it has the power to determine what should be done in this situation to make a final and quick decision in order, again, to avoid disruption to the Government.
Unidentified Justice: That's certainly part of what the statute is trying to do.
But another part, as your opponent has suggested, is to select out a very few cases that Congress felt deserved the immediate attention of this Court, and certainly the focus of Congress was on the declaration of unconstitutionality.
Neal S. Dudovitz: Well, I agree it's very few cases, and I can partly, I think, try to answer Justice Stevens' question about how many cases.
There is a statute, which of course the Government has cited, which requires the Attorney General to notify Congress when they're not going to appeal from a holding of unconstitutionality.
It's my understanding that in the years '81, '82 and '83, subsequent to this case, there have been two times where the Attorney General has so notified the Government.
That's other than the one time before in this case.
We're not... this is one of those unique cases.
There aren't very many times when this happens.
In fact, the Government itself points out the great difficulty it always has in conceding the unconstitutionality, that they rarely do that.
So this is a unique case.
I don't think it's a common case in any way.
Let me add, Justice Rehnquist, to one other major reason I believe that the kind of line that the Government wants to draw here in terms of constitutionality doesn't make sense, and that is because it's really premised on the theory that in interpreting the statute this Court ought to be trying to minimize its mandatory docket.
Now, whether or not we all think that that's something that ought to be done, the fact is that this Court has held very explicitly that 1252 is not to be so interpreted.
In fact, the purpose of 1252, as this Court has held before, is to expand the mandatory docket and not restrict it.
And therefore, the Court should not view the language here with the idea of supporting the minimizing of the mandatory docket, but rather with the idea of what Congress desired.
Unidentified Justice: I don't think our cases support you.
If I understand your contention, you're saying that once Congress has decided to expand the mandatory docket by passing a statute such as 1252, that statute ought to be generously construed.
Now, I think that the whole history of the three-judge court situation and appeals from three-judge courts indicates that this Court recognizes when Congress wants to increase our mandatory docket, but it doesn't construe those statutes generously or beneficently, or whatever you want to use, the term.
Neal S. Dudovitz: I think this Court has explicitly said, going back to the McLucas case and in the Grace Brethren Church case, that 1252 is not to be construed in the same fashion as 1253, the three-judge court.
It is separate--
Unidentified Justice: No, but what it said in McLucas was that it shouldn't be construed in the same way that the three-judge court appeal statute was, where we held that in order to have the appeal the three-judge court had to have jurisdiction.
We said that wasn't required here.
But I don't think that really is the same thing as saying we'll treat as broadly as possible the substantive definitions of what can be appealed.
Neal S. Dudovitz: --Well, I guess, Justice Rehnquist, as I read those cases the Court has really said that the basis for the 1253 cases was in fact carrying out the principle of limiting the mandatory docket of this Court, and as a result that 1253 was going to be interpreted, if interpretation was necessary, in a restrictive way.
On the other hand, the cases... and they go back before these three-judge court cases.
The Reid case, where the word "party" was interpreted; that the Court specifically said, we're not going to take a restrictive view of the word "party", we're going to take a more broader view of the word "party".
Another... let me add a final point on what I think are some problems with the Government's line drawing, and that is I think it's very difficult to draw that line and then make it consistent with the footnote in the Regan case, where it says that an appeal by a party who succeeded in the lower court on an issue which the lower court found to be constitutional fits within the first paragraph.
That is not an appeal on the issue for which the court held unconstitutional at all, and in fact, as the Government has pointed out in its reply brief in Regan, the real reason for that appeal was relief, because in order for the plaintiffs to get the relief they wanted they needed to try to succeed on a different issue.
They were really appealing relief.
And the Court didn't say that that issue comes up under the second paragraph as a further appeal once the Government made its appeal.
Instead, it said it comes up under the first paragraph.
It comes up under that more broad language.
And I think that that's consistent with what we're arguing here.
Unidentified Justice: Mr. Dudovitz, you have referred to the Grace Brethren Church case as supporting your view and it seems to me it does no such thing.
Jurisdiction under 1252 in that case was premised on the district court's implicit but necessary holding that the federal statute was unconstitutional, and the Government challenged that holding.
That's the point which you omitted.
Neal S. Dudovitz: Well, I understand that the Government challenged the constitutional holding.
But it seems to me... well, first of all, I don't believe there is any case that the Court has actually handled that is exactly the same as this case.
Probably we wouldn't all be here if that were true.
But what Grace Brethren does, I believe, is it follows a line of cases from this Court which indicates the broader interpretation of what it means to hold an Act of Congress unconstitutional.
We have cases like Fleming, where--
Unidentified Justice: But Grace Brethren was wrestling with the problem of whether it was an implicit holding of unconstitutionality.
Neal S. Dudovitz: --Right.
Unidentified Justice: That's all.
It didn't deal with this question at all.
Neal S. Dudovitz: What it does, I think, is it follows from first the holding that you don't really have to hold an Act of Congress unconstitutional; it can be the Act applied, which is a much earlier line of cases from the Fleming case.
And then... and I do think that it's taken at least somewhat of a step further to say, not only do you not have to hold the Act itself unconstitutional, but in fact if you held a state statute unconstitutional but it effectively tied in the federal statute and affected the operation of the statute program, the Federal Government... I think the language of Grace Brethren talks about the Federal Government being effectively bound by that decision of the lower court... then you're also under 1252.
Unidentified Justice: It found, of course, that implicitly the federal statute was held unconstitutional and the Government challenged that.
So it is not this case.
Neal S. Dudovitz: I wouldn't disagree that it was not this case.
All I'm trying to suggest is that its view of how to interpret 1252 is consistent, I believe, with our view of how you interpret 1252.
Unidentified Justice: Mr. Dudovitz, while you're pausing let me just be sure I'm right about one assumption.
Taking your opponent's hypothetical appeal on attorney's fees, where you wanted to appeal because the court didn't allow them, denied an allowance entirely, you would agree that should come here under your reading of the statute?
Neal S. Dudovitz: I would not.
I think what comes here under my reading of the statute is relief that is necessary to remedy the constitutional wrong.
The attorney fees relief doesn't come from that.
It really comes from a separate statutory basis.
That is, if the statute wasn't there, if we didn't have the equal access to justice statute--
Unidentified Justice: Well, assume it's a single judgment.
The court says, it's hereby ordered that the statute is declared unconstitutional, that's paragraph one.
Paragraph two is, there will be an award of attorney's fees of $1,000.
You appeal from that judgment and you say, the only relief I want is an increase.
You are not contending that that appeal would be to this Court?
Neal S. Dudovitz: --Let me try to clarify that.
I think my view is that as the statute is set out that definitely does fit within it, and I think that's how this Court has to interpret the statute, that that's correct that--
Unidentified Justice: I'm not sure whether you're saying there would be jurisdiction here or not.
Neal S. Dudovitz: --On its face I think that there would be jurisdiction.
What I'm saying is that if this Court feels... and I would point out also that we're far different from that--
Unidentified Justice: I understand.
Neal S. Dudovitz: --situation in this case.
But if this Court feels that it has to in a sense draw some lines... I mean, I think the statute is fairly clear on its face, but if you have to draw some lines, the relief aspects I think that fit within the constitutional question are constitutionally required relief.
And attorney fees is not constitutionally required relief.
Unidentified Justice: So you're in effect arguing, you're challenging your opponent's second point rather than his first point.
In other words, he argues: one, it has to be an appeal from the constitutional holding; and secondly, he argues this case does not involve a constitutional issue.
You're response to that is: No, this case does involve a constitutional issue and that's why it's appealable.
Neal S. Dudovitz: That's right.
Unidentified Justice: You're not arguing that it would be appealable even if it did not present a constitutional question?
Neal S. Dudovitz: Probably partly arguing both.
I think that--
Unidentified Justice: You're not, then, really relying on your sort of plain language... you're not resting your whole--
Neal S. Dudovitz: --I would not rest solely on the plain language.
I think even if you don't do the plain language we're still there, because effectively this is a constitutional ruling.
Unidentified Justice: --Right.
Neal S. Dudovitz: But under the plain language there's no doubt.
I mean, it seems to me that, as the Government would concede, if the plain language were correctly undoubtedly this case should have been here under 1252.
Unidentified Justice: Whether it's a constitutional ruling or not that's being appealed?
Neal S. Dudovitz: Well, as long as the district court held the statute unconstitutional, that's correct.
Unidentified Justice: Yes, but you're much less confident on that argument, as I understand you.
You aren't taking a four-square position that the attorney fee issue by itself would be appealable.
Neal S. Dudovitz: I'm saying that I think you can set that issue aside if you want to, because of the fact that the relief doesn't flow directly as a remedy for the constitutional violation.
Let me finally turn to one other point which the Government has requested here to this Court which I want to address briefly, and that is they have asked that, even if this Court determines that we are correct, that the Court ought to vacate the district court's order and remand to allow the district court to enter a new judgment, from which a new notice of appeal could be filed, and therefore they could then appeal to this Court and have the relief issues brought here.
We think that that is a particularly inappropriate action for this Court to take should the Court decide in our favor.
I think the question of whether you do that or not is really an equitable kind of decision and you must look at what the effects of that are and what actions of the Government ought to be protected here.
First, the effects of it could be very disastrous to the class members in this case, who are old and disabled women who, as the district court noted, are largely living on the social security benefits, some of which they receive as a result of this, the district court's ruling.
The district court's relief has been fully put into place by now.
In fact, it was required to be so by August 1983.
The Government, while it sought a stay in the district court, did not pursue the stay.
They did not argue that having the relief implemented while this was going on was going to be necessarily particularly harmful to them.
So it seems to me that their failure to do that, the effect that this has on the class members, and finally the fact that the Government didn't take any action which you ought to really protect, which Justice Blackmun pointed out by his question, they didn't file a protective notice... and it seems to me after the Donovan case, which you remember came down three or four months before the final judgment in this case, that at worst from the Government's position there were some questions to be asked as to where an appeal ought to go.
The Government didn't do anything in this situation to try to suggest that they were... to protect themselves.
They could have filed two notices of appeal, something that happens all the time.
They could have tried to say something in their notice of appeal.
They could have done something to indicate their awareness of what they say is a difficult problem.
Given those circumstances and the effect on the Plaintiffs, and finally noting that if what's left here in this case is just the relief ordered by the district court that also is relief that can be remedied somewhere else.
Congress can remedy that if the Government thinks that the relief that's left by the district court is particularly inappropriate.
In fact, Congress has acted on many occasions in these social security sex discrimination cases to set forth new rules and new standards.
So that to leave in place relief for a statute we all agree is unconstitutional and then to have another forum available to remedy that relief it seems to me is not very onerous.
In fact, it's less onerous, I think, than what happened in the Donovan case, where what was left in effect was the ruling a statute was unconstitutional when the Government thought the statute was constitutional.
And so it seems to me that we are not any different than that.
Just one other point before I close, and that is the Government made the comment that the Montana Contractors case was in effect on point here.
And I agree first with the comment of Justice White that that summary affirmant should have little effect as a precedent even if it were.
But I don't think it really is on point.
My understanding of reading what happened in that case is the Government did in fact first appeal, file a notice of appeal to this Court on the constitutional question.
As a result, the plaintiffs had no choice under 1252 but to file their second appeal to this Court.
I think we all agree that once an appeal is here under 1252 there is no choice.
The Government then decided not to perfect its appeal.
The Government never filed a jurisdictional statement.
It dropped its appeal and then moved to dismiss the other party's appeal.
They sort of got stuck in this Court, and therefore the Court... and then the Court held lack of... no jurisdiction.
It seems to me, given the extraordinary circumstances of that situation, that that's really not a case that ought to stand as precedent for this situation, which is far different.
So I would again urge this Court to remember the uniqueness of this kind of situation.
It doesn't happen very often.
It happens very rarely and it does present, I think, a situation where Congress wanted this Court to be the determining factor of what was going to happen to this kind of federal program.
Thank you.
Unidentified Justice: Anything further, Mr. Garvey?
John H. Garvey: I just have three brief points, if I may.
If I understand correctly what Respondent's counsel has said, essentially, unless they're able to win on this unlikely point regarding the first paragraph, what this case all boils down to is whether the relief in this case is constitutionally mandated.
That, as the examples that I gave showed and as all the cases cited in our reply brief at page 3 to 5 indicate, is simply not the case.
The second point I want to make is a rather technical point in response to a concern by Justice Rehnquist.
You pointed out that under the second paragraph of 1252 Congress at least contemplated that some kinds of appeals would be filed to the Court of Appeals prior to the filing of what I have been calling the proper Section 1252 notice of appeal.
Respondent in her reply brief indicated that those prior appeals were probably appeals taken under Section 1292(b) of the Judicial Code.
In fact, Section 1292(b) was not enacted until 1958, so it's unlikely that they had 1292(b) appeals in mind.
There were... there was a narrow class of interlocutory appeals that could be taken before that time, although they weren't even the kinds of appeals that Rule 54(b) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure contemplate, because that rule didn't exist in 1937 either.
There was a narrow class that Congress probably had in mind as well, simply a question of who beat in filing the notice of appeal.
And the third point I want to make is that, if we should lose the proper disposition of this case should not be like the disposition of the Richland County case.
In the Richland County case, in the Government's brief in this Court we conceded that we had gone to the wrong court in taking our appeal to the Court of Appeals and, as this Court said, the direction in which we should have gone was clear under this Court's precedents.
In this case, by contrast, I think we had very good reason for believing in Montana Contractors against Kreps that the proper place for us to go was to the Court of Appeals and not to this Court.
And so if we should be wrong about where we should have gone, at least the proper disposition would be to remand to the district court for entry of a fresh decree from which we may take a proper appeal to this Court.
Unidentified Justice: May I ask you one final question?
It hasn't been argued, but I'm just suggesting a rationale for requiring jurisdiction to be accepted by this Court of Congress might have been that it did not want the Attorney General to be able to concede the unconstitutionality of statutes without this Court in effect approving the concession, and that therefore they wanted the mandatory jurisdiction here, because it's certainly conceivable that the Attorney General might unwisely make a concession of that kind.
And that perhaps underlies their requirement that you tell the Congress whenever you do this.
John H. Garvey: That's conceivable, although I, having read the legislative history, have found no indication of that.
And what's more, the Attorney General's choice to intervene or not in these cases is discretionary, so that he may let go by a holding of unconstitutionality without even getting involved.
I think in light of that what you suggest is not probable.
Unidentified Justice: Well, I suppose you would be taking the same position even more strongly if you had contested the constitutionality... had attempted to sustain the constitutionality of the statute in the district court and you lost, and then, rather than appeal that declaration, you appealed only the remedy.
John H. Garvey: We would still be taking the same position.
Unidentified Justice: You'd go to the Court of Appeals?
John H. Garvey: That's correct.
Unidentified Justice: And if you were right then, you should be right when you concede?
John H. Garvey: A fortiori, we should be right when we concede.
If there are no further questions, we would rest.
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger: Thank you, gentlemen.
The case is submitted.
We'll resume at 1:00.


text:
[ Larger Image ]
The Active Life: A Spirituality of Work, Creativity, and Caring
by Parker J. Palmer
Paperback: 176 pages
Publisher: Jossey-Bass
List Price: $16.95
Your Price: $12.12
Availability: Usually ships in 24 hours
Editorial Reviews
Product Description
The Active Life is Parker J. Palmer's deep and graceful exploration of a spirituality for the busy, sometimes frenetic lives many of us lead. Telling evocative stories from a variety of religious traditions, including Taoist, Jewish, and Christian, Palmer shows that the spiritual life does not mean abandoning the world but engaging it more deeply through life-giving action. He celebrates both the problems and potentials of the active life, revealing how much they have to teach us about ourselves, the world, and God.
Related Titles
- Let Your Life Speak: Listening for the Voice of Vocation
- A Hidden Wholeness: The Journey Toward an Undivided Life
- The Promise of Paradox: A Celebration of Contradictions in the Christian Life
- To Know as We Are Known: Education as a Spiritual Journey
- The Courage to Teach: Exploring the Inner Landscape of a Teacher's Life, 10th Anniversary Edition
Scribendi offers Books and Software in association with Amazon.com. Portions copyright Amazon Inc. and its affiliates used under license.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
**** Theme Discontinued ****
We are pleased to announce the release of Infinite WordPress, our first free WordPress theme.
Infinite WordPress is a two column theme with a right sidebar and validates for both xhtml and css. The sidebar is fully widget compliant and supports the drag and drop of widgets to activate them.
This free wordpress theme is being released in 6 different color schemes, demo pages and download links are listed below.
We do hope you enjoy this theme.
This theme is being released under the Creative Commons License and is free to use on as many sites as you would like. We would sincerely appreciate it if you would leave the credits in the footer as they generate interest and awareness for our themes and site.
Infinite Blue WordPress Theme
Infinite Red WordPress Theme
Infinite Green WordPress Theme
Infinite Purple WordPress Theme
Infinite Gray WordPress Theme
Infinite Brown WordPress Theme


text:
San Diego High School
|San Diego High School
|1405 Park Blvd.
San Diego, California, 92101
United States
|Comprehensive Public High School
|School district
|San Diego Unified School District
|CEEB Code
|053907 (International Studies)
053209 (Business)
053903 (Science and Technology)
|‹See Tfm› ‹See Tfm› Blue and white
|The Russ
|The Old Grey Castle
San Diego High School (SDHS) is an urban public educational complex comprising four small high schools. It is located on the southern edge of Balboa Park, in San Diego, California. It is part of the San Diego Unified School District. It is the oldest high school in the San Diego Unified School District and one of the oldest public schools in all of California — the oldest still on its original site. Its flagship school is the School of International Studies, ranked 22nd best high school in the nation by Newsweek in 2006,[1] and 44th best in the nation by US News in 2009, with an International Baccalaureate (IB) exam pass rate of 98% and an API score of over 800.[2] Other schools include the School of Business and Leadership; the School of Science and Technology; and the School of Media, Visual and Performing Arts.
Russ High (1882–1907)[edit]
The school was established in 1882, initially named Russ High after lumberman Joseph Russ, who offered to donate the lumber to build the school.[3] The school served to educate a fast-growing San Diego.
The Grey Castle (1907–1973)[edit]
By 1902 the school had become overcrowded and a new school was built on the original site, opening on April 13, 1907.[3] The new building, designed by F.S. Allen of Pasadena, resembled a castle and was subsequently nicknamed "The Grey Castle."
Modern San Diego High (1973–present)[edit]
Due to California legislation in the 1960s which required all school districts to demolish or retrofit any school building built prior to 1933 for earthquake safety reasons, the "Grey Castle" building was torn down. The first of four buildings constructed prior to 1933 was torn down along with the "Russ Auditorium" in 1973; Building 101, the "Original Grey Castle" was the last building to be torn down in 1975 and the current building was dedicated in 1976.[3]
In June 2004, as a result of funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, San Diego High School was divided into 6 thematic schools, collectively called The San Diego High Educational Complex. Each of the six schools of approximately 500 students has its own administration and staff:[3][4]
- School of International Studies
- Lead, Explore, Achieve, Discover and Serve High School (LEADS)
- School of Business
- School of Science and Technology (SciTech)
- School of Media, Visual and Performing Arts (MVPA; School of the Arts)
- School of Communication Investigations in a Multicultural Atmosphere (CIMA)
In May 2006, Newsweek magazine ranked 1,200 public high schools in the U.S. and named San Diego High School of International Studies as 22nd best, making it the highest ranking in San Diego County and the second highest in the state of California.[1]
In 2009, US News ranked over 21,000 high schools in the United States and named San Diego High School of International Studies as 44th best, with an International Baccalaureate (IB) exam pass rate of 98% and an API score of over 800.[2]
In 2012, the School of Communication shut down due to an insufficient number of students. In 2013 the School of Business and the School of LEADS combined to form the School of Business and Leadership, leaving four schools in total.[5]
California Partnership Academies[edit]
San Diego High is home to three academies established within the scope of the California Department of Education California Partnership Academies (CPA) program.[6] The CPA model is a three-year program (grades ten-twelve) structured as a school-within-a-school.[6] The first one, the Academy of Finance, was established in 2007 at the School of Business and Leadership.[7] Two more, the San Diego MedTech Academy and the Green Engineering Academy were established in 2011 and 2012 respectively at the School of Science and Technology, with the first class graduating in 2014.[7] The curriculum at Medtech Academy is based on the Biomedical Sciences program by Project Lead The Way (PLTW).[8]
Balboa Stadium[edit]
San Diego High's football stadium, Balboa Stadium, was built in 1914 for the 1915 Panama-California Exposition with a capacity of 19,000 at that time. U.S. Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Delano Roosevelt gave speeches there. From 1961 to 1966 it was the home of the San Diego Chargers after being expanded to 34,000 capacity.[9] Over the years it has played host to music legends such as Jimi Hendrix, and The Beatles in 1965. The 1914 stadium was torn down in the 1970s and a new one dedicated in 1978 with a seating capacity of about 3,000. In 2009 the stadium saw new turf decorated with the school's mascot, the Caver. The stadium is used for various sports including football, soccer and track, as well as the San Diego High School graduation ceremonies.
Athletic history[edit]
San Diego High School's mascot is the Cavers — originally the Cavemen.[10]
San Diego High participated in the first high school football game in San Diego County in 1898, defeating Escondido High School 6-0. Players and coaches from San Diego traveled in covered wagons over the course of two days to reach their destination.
High School Football National Championship: 1916, 1955
High School Baseball National Champions: 1921
Miscellaneous history[edit]
- The 1922 San Diego High baseball team was barred from league play by the CIF after its 1921 National Championship Squad played an unsanctioned game against the East's best baseball team of that time Cleveland High. This game drew 11,000 fans which saw San Diego High defeat Cleveland 10-0. During the 1922 season the team played college and independent teams, losing to just Stanford and the Sherman Indians. Beating Cleveland again in front of 13,000 fans.
- It is said that when the wrecking ball came to demolish the "Grey Castle" in order to build a new earthquake-safe school, it took repeated attempts to bring the structure down. In the summer of 1973, contractors attempted to bring down the "Russ Auditorium" using explosives; portions of the building would not come down. It took an extra six months to finish the demolition of the "Russ Auditorium".
- Kate Sessions, considered the "Mother of Balboa Park," taught at San Diego High in 1884.
Notable alumni and faculty[edit]
- Hobbs Adams, college football all-American, coach (Class of 1920)
- Joseph Cameron Alston, 12-time NCAA badminton champion (Class of 1944)
- Stan Barnes, College Football Hall of Fame member, US federal judge (Class of 1918)
- Belle Benchley, zoologist, author
- Clara Breed, librarian
- Earle Brucker, Jr., former Major League Baseball player
- Eileen Rose Busby, author
- Charlie Cannon, singer, theater performer and co-founder of Starlight Opera
- Bob Cluck, Major League Pitching Coach, Founder of The San Diego School of Baseball, author of ten books on baseball
- Marc Davis (athlete), Olympic runner
- Earl Ben Gilliam United States federal judge
- Charde Houston, Women's National Basketball League player
- Deron Johnson, former Major League Baseball player
- Jacque Jones, Major League Baseball player
- Meb Keflezighi, Olympic silver medalist, winner of the 2009 New York and 2014 Boston marathons
- Jeanne Lenhart, senior Olympian, amateur volleyball player, senior pageant winner
- Art Linkletter, television host
- Dale Maple, World War II soldier convicted of helping two German prisoners of war escape
- Wayne McAllister, architect
- Bill Miller, Olympic gold medalist, former world record holder in the pole vault
- Harold Muller "Brick," Olympic silver medalist and College Football Hall of Fame member
- Stephen Neal, National Football League player, 1998/1999 NCAA wrestling champion, 2000 wrestling world champion
- Graig Nettles, former Major League Baseball player
- Craig Noel, American theatrical producer
- Gregory Peck, actor (Class of 1934)
- Clarence Pinkston, Olympic gold medalist
- Clarence Nibs Price, college football head coach
- Sol Price, entrepreneur
- Art Powell, former National Football League player
- Charlie Powell, former National Football League Player, boxer
- Floyd Robinson, former Major League Baseball player
- Julia Robinson, mathematician
- Paul Runge, Major League Baseball umpire
- Seraphim (Eugene) Rose, priest, author, Blessed (Class of 1952)
- Russ Saunders, College Football all-American, Warner Brothers executive (Class of 1924)
- Thomas Schelling, Nobel Prize–winning economist
- Amby Schindler, College Football all-American, Rose Bowl and College All-Star MVP
- Kate Sessions, horticulturalist, botanist
- Paul Smith, pianist (Class of 1940)
- Steffan Tubbs, journalist, radio host, reporter for ABC News
- Jeremy Tyler, first basketball player to skip his senior year in high school and go straight to the pros
- Cotton Warburton, film editor, actor and College Football Hall of Fame member
- Art Williams, former National Basketball Association player
- ^ a b "NEWSWEEK COVER: America's Best High Schools, 2006". PR Newswire. April 30, 2006. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
- ^ a b "School of International Studies San Diego High School". America's Best High Schools 2009. US News. 2009-12-09. Archived from the original on 2010-08-11. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
- ^ a b c d "San Diego High School's History". Retrieved 2014-01-23.
- ^ Magee, Maureen (2005-03-21). "Benefits of specialized schools may take years to measure". San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
- ^ "Board Agenda Alert: May 14, 2013". San Diego United Parents for Education. 2013-05-14. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
- ^ a b "California Partnership Academies (CPA)". California Department of Education. Retrieved 2014-01-24.
- ^ a b "California Partnership Academies Directory". California Department of Education. 2013-05-08. Retrieved 2014-01-24.
- ^ "PLTW Schools". Project Lead The Way. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
- ^ "Chronology 1959-1969". San Diego Chargers. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
- ^ Swank, Bill (2005). Baseball In San Diego: From The Plaza To The Padres. Arcadia Publishing. p. 89.
External links[edit]
- Official San Diego High School webpage
- San Diego Union-Tribune article on San Diego High School's ranking in Newsweek
- San Diego Unified School District School Directory Entry
- San Diego Hall of Champions Inductees
Coordinates: 32°43′14″N 117°9′9″W / 32.72056°N 117.15250°W


text:
More New and Used
from Private Sellers
David Busch's Sony Alpha SLT-A65 Guide to Digital Photographyby Busch, David D.
Cengage Learning PTR
Questions About This Book?
Why should I rent this book?
Renting is easy, fast, and cheap! Renting from eCampus.com can save you hundreds of dollars compared to the cost of new or used books each semester. At the end of the semester, simply ship the book back to us with a free UPS shipping label! No need to worry about selling it back.
How do rental returns work?
Returning books is as easy as possible. As your rental due date approaches, we will email you several courtesy reminders. When you are ready to return, you can print a free UPS shipping label from our website at any time. Then, just return the book to your UPS driver or any staffed UPS location. You can even use the same box we shipped it in!
What version or edition is this?
This is the 1st edition with a publication date of 3/23/2012.
What is included with this book?
- The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any CDs, lab manuals, study guides, etc.
- The Rental copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. You may receive a brand new copy, but typically, only the book itself.
- The eBook copy of this book is not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically only the book itself is included.
DAVID BUSCH'S SONY ALPHA SLT-A65 GUIDE TO DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY is your best bet for getting the most out of your Alpha SLT-A65. Built with the same successful "translucent mirror technology" and sensor specs as the A77, its pro-level big brother, the SLT-A65 is a big hit with hobbyists looking for pro-level results. With David Busch as your guide, all the unique powers of the Sony Alpha SLT-A65 will be at your command, so you'll always be in full creative control, whether you're shooting on the job, as an advanced hobbyist, or are just out for fun. With clear how-to steps and full-color illustrations, DAVID BUSCH'S SONY ALPHA SLT-A65 GUIDE TO DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY covers all the features of this remarkable camera in depth, from taking your first photos through advanced details of setup, exposure, lenses, lighting, and more, and relates each feature to specific photographic techniques and situations. Start building your knowledge, creativity, and confidence with the Alpha SLT-A65 today.


text:
Radio Control Toy Reviews
At TTPM, we review the very best Radio Control Toys for your child. From remote control cars to flying airplanes we've got your product reviews covered.
- Trending
- New Review
- Special Needs
- Video Review
Hot Wheels RC Nitro Charger Yur So Fast
from Toy State
The Yur So Fast Hot Wheels RC Nitro Charger from Toy State is an entry level R/C car for kids.
Fast and Furious 7 Dom's '70 Dodge Charger R/C
from Jada Toys
The Fast & Furious 7 Dom's '70 Dodge Charger R/T is a remote-controlled car styled after the one seen in the new Fast & Furious 7.
Kaotiks Venom Vert Park Meltdown
from Redwood Ventures
The Kaotiks Venom Vert Park Meltdown is a glow-in-the-dark R/C car and track set that kids can make perform different stunts, such as jumping 90 scale feet, driving through loops, doing flips,…
Playmobil City Action Large Crane with IR Remote Control
from Playmobil
The Playmobil City Action Large Crane with IR Remote Control is a large toy, which allows kids to maneuver the crane in all directions using a remote control.
Nano Falcon
from Silverlit
The Nano Falcon M is a mini three-channel indoor R/C helicopter that measures just over three-inches tall.
Tony Hawk Circuit Boards Power Axle Set
from Hexbug
Forget fingerboards, with Hexbug's Tony Hawk Circuit Boards Power Axle Set kids can use a remote control to make these miniature Birdhouse skateboards do tricks.
Tony Hawk Circuit Boards Halfpipe
from Hexbug
The Tony Hawk Circuit Boards Halfpipe set lets kids build their own skatepark with two quarterpipes that can be used individually or together as a halfpipe and a remote-control skateboard with…
Monster Jam R/C Grave Digger
from New Bright Industrial Co.
The Monster Jam Remote Control Grave Digger is a large R/C replica of the popular Grave Digger vehicle that Monster Jam fans will be familiar with. It plays lights and sounds with four expressions.
HyperChargers Chevy Camaro SS R/C Car
from Jada Toys
The HyperChargers R/C Chevy Camaro SS is a rechargeable R/C car. It uses a USB cable to charge up in any USB port, and in just 90 minutes, you have a full charge and 25 minutes of playtime.
U-Command Lightning McQueen
from Thinkway Toys
The Disney/Pixar Cars U-Command Lightning McQueen is a remote-control vehicle based on the character from Cars with voice, lights, sound effects and a moving mouth and eyes along with smoking…


text:
Inland PCI Sound Card (Wavetable) - CP-58016
Learn more about Inland PCI Sound Card (Wavetable):
Manufacturer: Inland
Mfg Part#: CP-58016
Sku: 223301812
See more in Cordless Phones
|This sound card is based on the CMedia (CMI8738SX) 32-bit PCI high performance audio controller. This sound card is compatible with all major PC sound standards, including Sound Blaster, Genuine OPL3, Microsoft Windows Sound System, and more. It provides an integrated sound solution for business audio, educational and entertainment sound and other multimedia applications.Internal Connectors:CD Audio In, External Connectors: Microphone Input, Line Input, Speaker Input/Output, MIDI/Joystick Interface DB-15 FemaleHardware Features:Complaint to Pci Version 2.1 BusMaster and Advanced Power Management (PPMI) specification.Built-in 16 bit full Duplex CODECSupports Full-Duplex operation for simultaneous recording and playback - such as Internet Phone


text:
|Best Western Teague properties are provided below. Search for cheap and discount Best Western hotel rooms in Teague, TX for your family, individual or group travels. We list the best Best Western Teague lodging properties so you can review the Teague Best Western hotel list below to find the perfect place.
Our booking engine will also provide discounted Teague, TX venues that get similar quality scores of a Best Western.
All Best Western in or near Teague
More Best Western properties for Teague
Similar hotels to Best Western
Next: Show All Available Comparable Hotels with Pricing >


text:
Chefs Cooking For Kids raises $60,000
Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Sun Coast-Lee County 2nd annual Chefs Cooking For Kids was a sold-out event, raising $60,000 for the children of Lee County. The event was held Thursday, April 24 at The Club at Grandezza in Estero.
The "top chef" culinary extravaganza, enjoyed by more than 200 guests, featured 11 top local chefs who showcased their culinary specialties as well as cocktails, music, silent and live auction and camaraderie, benefiting a cause that positively impacts the lives of children and their families.
Chefs participating were Blu Sushi, Cru, Calusa Harbor, Catch 22 Sports Bar, Fat Katz Sports Bistro, The Healthy Chef Private Catering, The Firestone Grille, Norman Love Confections, The Pink Shell Resort & Marina, The Club at Grandezza and Rumrunners Waterfront Dining. Chef Jimmy Moroney with The Healthy Chef won the 'People's Choice Award' for his chicken veggie entree.
Gulfcoast Coin & Jewelry was the presenting sponsor with owner Mike Joyce acting as auctioneer during a lively and exciting auction. Other sponsors included Good Deals Appliances, Chico's FAS, Preferred Community Bank, Dry Zone Inc., Advanced Pain Management and Spine Specialists, Florida Blue, The News-Press, Henderson, Franklin, Starnes & Holt, P.A., Norman Love Confections, Publix and The Club at Grandezza.
"The success of this event will be a big boost to our program and allow us to provide for more children facing adversity with professionally supported mentoring, changing their lives for the better, forever," said Ben Simmons, Big Brothers Big Sisters of Lee County community board chair.
Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Sun Coast provides one-to-one mentoring relationships to children ages 6-18 years old throughout the Gulf Coast of Florida in Sarasota, Manatee, DeSoto, Highlands, Hardee, Charlotte, Lee, Collier, Glades and Hendry counties. Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Sun Coast holds itself accountable for children in its program to achieve measurable outcomes, such as educational success; avoidance of risky behaviors; and higher aspirations, greater confidence and better relationships. The organization provides children facing adversity, often those of single or low-income households or families with strong and enduring, professionally supported one-to-one mentoring relationships that change their lives for the better, forever. For more information visit www.bbbssun.org or contact Angela Melvin, Community Resource Director-Lee County, at 239-288-4224 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
This story is contributed by a member of the community and is neither endorsed nor affiliated with Naples Daily News.
Subscribe to the Naples Daily News
Need Help? Call us at 1-888-878-6842.
Monday-Friday: 6am-6pm / Saturday: 7am-3pm / Sunday: 7am-2pm


text:
What's New in Pixelmator 2.2 Blueberry!
We cover the shiny new features and tools released in Pixelmator 2.2 Blueberry to make your image editing, designing and illustrating better than ever before! Let's pop the hood on this latest version.
Keep up-to-date with the latest Pixelmator News as it happens.
We cover the shiny new features and tools released in Pixelmator 2.2 Blueberry to make your image editing, designing and illustrating better than ever before! Let's pop the hood on this latest version.
A quick note to the community from the founders of PXM-Tuts.
This latest Pixelmator update brings us to 2.1.1 and with it a new and improved Healing Tool, brings back some missing filters, squashes bugs, and adds a feature I've been waiting for. We've got two free copies of Pixelmator to give away as well!
Over the next few days PXM-Tuts will be migrating to a new server. Hopefully the transition will go smoothly, however during this time you may encounter intermittent issues connecting to the site or experience excessive load times. Fingers crossed, see you on the other side!
Over the past few months PXM-Tuts has grown quicker than either Jacob or myself could have ever imagined. Week in, week out we have produced fresh new content for our readers and at times it has been taxing to say the least. With that said, we both have a passion for what we do and we are keen to push the community forward. That's where you come in!
After months of hard work by Jacob and myself I am pleased to announce the relaunch of PXM-Tuts!
Enter our Pixelmator 2 Pixel Art Contest for a chance to win some awesome prizes from legendary pixel artists; Eboy! Posters, sketchbooks, mouse pads, and stickers galore! It's easy, read on…
Our new downloads section is here! In addition to the available gradient packs, we have been working hard to bring you a selection of free Pixelmator files for you to play with and use however you want. There is no need to link back to us or give credit to us, aside from letting other Pixelmator members know where they can get their hands on them! Each download page has a comment section for any questions, feedback or a link to something creative you've built with them.
After months of eagerly awaiting the release of Pixelmator 2.0, I am excited to announce that it has finally arrived! With the tons of new features, we have a lot of new content planned in the upcoming weeks, so stay tuned!
After weeks of hard work I am pleased to announce the launch of PXM-Tuts; a collaborative effort between Ashley Rich and Jacob Bordieri.
Our goal, to be the first point of call for Pixelmator tutorials, resources, news and inspiration. We have many great tutorials in the pipeline that will focus on the power and new features of Pixelmator 2. These are exciting times for the Pixelmator community, so get involved and help us create the best Pixelmator experience.


text:
OPT General Assembly Minutes 9/29/2012
OPT General Assembly Minutes 9/29/2012
About 8 people present.
Brief checkin where each attendee shared why they were here today and what they hoped to talk about.
Agenda items:
- Proposal to participate in: Quaker, Friends committee on national legislation event
- Proposal for action: Next Saturday gallery walk movie action
- Proposal to endorse event: Community Rights vs Corporate "Rights": The Choice is Ours
Proposal 1: Saturday Oct 6 Gallery Walk Action
Proposal 2: Proposed that Occupy Port Townsend endorse the upcoming event: Community Rights vs Corporate "Rights": The Choice is Ours.
Fellowship Hall Oct. 8th 6:30-9.
Do corporate "rights" trump the rights of citizens? Are we, the people, the primary constituents of those we elect, or are corporations? Paul Cienfuegos, organizer and educator in Portland, Oregon, understands that almost every community issue he's worked on over the past 30 years emerged as a symptom ofcorporate rule. He now engages in theCommunity Rights movement which, through authentic local democracy, establishes legally-binding laws banning harmful corporate activities.Paul will be at the QUUF on Monday, October 8th at 7:00 pm to lead a workshop on how we can harness the efforts of diverse groups of local citizens to pass legislation protecting the health and wellbeing of our community and its environment. In this, we would join 140 towns in 8 states which have enacted laws placing Community Rights before corporate rights. Join in. $10 suggested donation
Proposal 3: Occupy Port Townsend have a table at an upcoming event held by the Quaker Lobby group


text:
Bruegel research is fact-based. Projects that start from a policy question regularly involve the creation of indicators, the gathering of data that are not readily available from international sources, or even the generation of new data. To make such material available to outside users is just another way to fulfil our mission to contribute to improving economic policy. This data page provides a number of Bruegel datasets and also faciliates the link to exisiting data sources that Bruegel researchers often use. We trust that users will mention the Bruegel source in their own publications. Feedback on any inaccuracy or incompleteness is welcome.
Latest update: 23 JULY 2015
This database includes euro-area simple-sum and Divisia monetary aggregates from the paper: Darvas, Zsolt (2014) 'Does Money Matter in the euro Area? Evidence from a New Divisa Index', Working Paper 2014/12, Bruegel, 6 November 2014
Latest update 6 June 2015
This database includes real and nominal effective exchange rates from the papers:
Darvas, Zsolt (2012a) 'Real effective exchange rates for 178 countries: a new database', Working Paper 2012/06, Bruegel, 15 March 2012
Darvas, Zsolt (2012b) 'Compositional effects on productivity, labour cost and export adjustment', Policy Contribution 2012/11, Bruegel, 22 June 2012
Latest update 1 November 2012
EFIGE stands for "European Firms in a Global Economy: internal policies for external competitiveness" and examines the pattern of internationalisation of European firms. It is the follow-up project of the EFIM project - European Firms and International Markets. This new project, led by Bruegel, working together with seven other partners, has received the support of the Directorate General Research of the European Commission through its FP7 programme. It is running from September 1th 2008 to August 31th 2012.
The database, for the first time in Europe, combines measures of firms' international activities (e.g. exports, outsourcing, FDI, import) as well as quantitative and qualitative information on around 150 items ranging from R&D and innovation, labor organization, financing and organizational activities, pricing behavior. Data consists of a representative sample (at the country level for the manufacturing industry) of almost 15,000 surveyed firms (above 10 employees) in seven European economies (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Austria, Hungary). Data have been collected in 2010, thus covering the years from 2007 to 2009. Special questions related to the behavior of firms during the crisis have also been included in the Survey.
Latest update 17 March 2015
This dataset collects sectorial holdings of government debt for 12 countries, collected for public sources only.The value of this dataset comes especially from the broad coverage of euro area/EU countries, which to our knowledge is unprecedented.
Notice that due to the frequent revisions that characterise this kind of data, a frequent update is necessary and will be conducted by Bruegel on a quarterly basis but take into account that the various national authorities may release these data with even more than a year lag, so please be patient.
Related publication: Who's afraid of sovereign bonds?
Latest update 20th February 2015
In this dataset, we provide a breakdown of the Eurosystem refinancing operations across countries and LTRO/MRO. While the ECB publishes the total numbers for the euro area, the breakdown across countries is to date not centrally available. We compile the data from the different national central banks.
Related publication: Propping up Europe?


text:
|Best Western Lavergne hotels are listed below. Search for cheap and discount Best Western hotel prices in Lavergne, TN for your family, individual or group travels. We list the best Best Western Lavergne properties so you can review the Lavergne Best Western hotel list below to find the perfect place.
Our technology will also list discounted Lavergne, TN hotels/properties that have similar quality of Best Western.
Need a group/meeting discount? Get quotes from hotels in Lavergne TN
All Best Western in or near Lavergne
Hotels like Best Western
Next: Show All Available Comparable Hotels with Pricing >


text:
Blogs on sneakers
- Sole Movement
- the 411 about the sneaker & streetwear scene in the Philippines and neighboring countries.
- Mykee On The Move
- A 23 year old's thoughts and photos of style, sneakers, and travels.
- The Typical Guy
- 'Coz all we do is talk about babes, sex, cars, sports, gadgets and beer - not necessarily in that order.


text:
JoinRenewSite SearchCreate accountUpdate accountSign In Sign Out
Find Independent Bookstores by Name, State, or ZIP
Store Search
Welcome Visitor
Mary Rasenberger, executive director of the Authors Guild, discusses the organization's support for the Authors United appeal to the Department of Justice to investigate Amazon's "abuse of its dominance in the world of books."
Here are the titles on the September Indie Next List flier, on its way to ABA member stores in the IndieBound movement.
The August Indie Next List's 12 "Now in Paperback" titles are featured with bookseller quotes on a downloadable flier and shelf-talkers.
Paula McLain talks about Beryl Markham, the boundary-breaking woman at the center of Circling the Sun, the challenges of writing historical fiction, and finding what she was meant to do in life.
Registration is underway for ABA's Human Resources Workshop, a new in-depth education event, to be offered twice this fall exclusively to the owners and managers of member stores.
ABA CEO Oren Teicher has announced the restructuring of the organization's technology department and the promotion of two ABA staff members.
Here are details and sign-up information for eRead Local, a Kobo incentive program aimed at encouraging customers at ABA member stores to give e-reading a try.
Edelweiss/Treeline Education and Outreach Coordinator Joe Foster offers an aggregation of Treeline data to help booksellers figure out how their inventory turns break down compared to other stores in their region.
This August, TJ Rayhill, a 19-year-old college student, will open Dog-Eared Books in Campbellsville, Kentucky. The used bookstore also sells new books online and offers an online college textbook rental service.
Malaprop's staff member to open bookstore in Florida; The Book Burrow honored; Literati Bookstore reopens after water damage; BookPeople of Moscow sports new mural; Square Books' Howorth nominated to second term on TVA board
Congress raises SBA lending ceiling; Man Booker Prize announces 2015 longlist; BookBrowse publishes white paper on book clubs; AAUP responds to closure of University of Akron Press; New England Book Award winners announced
Book Industry Charitable Fdn. (Binc)
Copyright 2014 American Booksellers Association. BookWeb is a registered trademark of ABA.
Website Statement and Agreement


text:
BFN*110 Personal Finance (a) 3 credits
Provides an overview of the financial planning and investing process. It examines personal incomes and budgets, home and consumer financing, insurance of personal assets, personal investing and retirement planning. Topics covered will include the time value of money, investments, loans and credit, cash management, taxes, life and health insurance, and estate planning.
Prerequisite: C- or better in Integrated Reading and Writing II (ENG*075) OR Introduction to College Reading & Writing (ENG*093), or placement into Composition (ENG*101).
BFN*201 Principles of Finance (a) 3 credits
An introduction to the principles of financial management and the impact of the financial markets and institutions on that managerial function. Major topics include the environment of financial management, evaluation of a firm's financial performance, financial forecasting, working capital management, corporate securities and financing the short- and long-term requirements of the firm, time value of money, capital and cash budgeting, the relationship of risk to return, cost of capital, leverage, and evaluation of alternative methods of financing. An analytical emphasis will be placed on the tools and techniques of the investment, financing, and dividend decision.
Prerequisites: C- or better in Principles of Financial Accounting (ACC*113), C- or better in Integrated Reading & Writing II (ENG*075) OR Introduction to College Reading and Writing (ENG*093), or placement into Composition (ENG*101), OR permission of Department Chair. Prerequisite or co-requisite: Intermediate Algebra (MAT*137), or placement into higher mathematics, OR permission of Department Chair.
BFN*203 Investment Principles (a) 3 credits
Encompasses the topics of investment objectives and values, securities market and value, market procedures, analytical techniques, and speculative and institutional markets.
Prerequisites: C- or better in Principles of Financial Accounting (ACC*113) and Managerial Finance.
BFN*292 Finance Practicum (a) 3 credits
See BBG*292 Business Practicum for course description.


text:
Resonate Church Plus
User Stats
Profile Images
User Bio
The vision of Resonate Church is to bring the unchanging message of Christ's rescue to a mindset embedded deeply in post-modernity. The aim is to reach our culture through transformational community while using a simple church structure that can be easily replicated elsewhere.
Resonate Church seeks to equip believers to leave college campuses with a missional heartbeat, a passion for the Kingdom, and a leadership/ministry skill set that will motivate them to plant churches or to be a part of church plants in the Northwest and around the world.
External Links
Related RSS Feeds
Recently Uploaded+ See all 825 videos
Recent Activity
Natalie Hammond subscribed to Resonate Church Sermon Media


text:
Having sworn out a warrant for the arrest of Cesar Peters and his family
and having successfully rescued them from the slave-catchers, the case
was brought before Elihu Marvin, Hebron's Justice of the Peace. Judge
Marvin found in favor of Elijah Graves, and the Peters family and, as
payment for the purported damages, were bound over to Graves for a period
of two years. While at first glance two years of servitude seems a harsh
sentence for what had begun as an elaborate ruse to prevent the Peters
family from being carried away into slavery, it should be remembered that
from a legal standpoint the family remained the property of their absentee
owner, who could have attempted to reclaim them again. By legally bounding
them over to Elijah Graves, the Peters family received the protection
of influential members of the community. During the Revolutionary Era,
Connecticut African Americans, both free and enslaved, often were compelled
to rely upon the limited security of "benevolent paternalism."
The original manuscript version of this document appears to have
been lost. This transcription was done around 1890 by F.C. Bissell,
Hebron's Town Historian. Bissell's own account of the Peters story, "The
Rev. Samuel Peters, L.L.D. of Hebron, Conn. Loyalist. His Slaves
and Their Near Abduction" (download
pdf) is an example of the sort
of town histories common during the last half of the nineteenth


text:
Aloha from DCCA!
If you are a first time visitor, please see the "Overview/Services" for a more detailed explanation of these and other services. Please read our Director's message for DCCA's goals and objectives.
Registration and Licensing
Examination for Financial Health and Soundness
Complaint Processing
Cable Television (CATV)
Hearings Office (OAH)
Insurance Division (INS)
Regulated Industries Complaints Office (RICO)
Hearings Office (OAH)
Insurance Division (INS)
Regulated Industries Complaints Office (RICO)
Consumer Protection and Education
What's New
NEWS RELEASE: State Receives Application for Approval to Transfer Oceanic Time Warner Cable's Hawaii Cable Television Franchises to Charter CommunicationsPosted on July 15, 2015
NEWS RELEASE: State Helps to Outline New Federal Approval Process for Condominium ProjectsPosted on July 15, 2015
NEWS RELEASE: Kauai Man Sentenced to Jail for Insurance Fraud and Attempted TheftPosted on July 14, 2015
NEWS RELEASE: DCCA DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS (Through June 2015)Posted on July 9, 2015Read More Entries from News Releases


text:
The biggest political game this year will be estimating the number of Democratic losses in the House and Senate. "According to the Rothenberg Political Report, there are 61 competitive House seats in the country, including 47 Democratic seats and 14 Republican seats. According to CQ-Roll Call, the playing field is wider (102 seats) but similarly proportional (70 Democratic seats and 32 Republican seats)." Republicans are trying to get at least 80 seats in play, thereby substantially increasing their chances of taking back the House (something virtually no one a year ago imagined was a realistic possibility). Rothenberg Political Report explains:
Republicans are still a long way from getting 80 seats into play and recapturing the majority is not yet in sight. But even though Congressional campaign committees can't create a wave election, strategists can put candidates in place to take advantage of one. On Jan. 17, 2006, there were 42 seats in play, including 31 Republican-held seats and 11 Democratic-held seats, according to the Rothenberg Political Report. As the sentiment continued to shift against Bush and the Republicans, the playing field broadened and tilted further into GOP territory.
That is why with each retirement in their ranks and every party switch, Democrats become increasingly nervous. The broader the playing field, the greater the danger of the House slipping from their control. And then, of course, Democrats might really do themselves in. They might pass a massive tax hike or scare seniors with deep Medicare cuts, for example. Nah — they couldn't be that politically dense, could they? Oh yes, indeed. In that regard, Obama, Nancy Pelosi, and Harry Reid — in their Ahab-like obsession with snaring a politically toxic health-care bill — are the best allies the GOP has in broadening that playing field.


text:
MLG Archive
0" title="10 Things I Hate: Gamebattles" />
10 Things I Hate: GamebattlesPosted on February 14, 2010 | 3 Comments1. Disputes I think some teams create them just to dispute. If many people wonder why many of the Pro teams avoid playing Gamebattles, it is because of the disputes 0
From The Minor Leagues to the Majors: A Video Game Center's Relevance to Major League GamingPosted on February 10, 2010 | 9 CommentsEditor's Note: This information is heavily focused on Console Gaming. I recognize the relevance and history of PC Gaming as it relates to the initial stages of networked "LAN" gaming. Regardless 0
From Captain to Captain: My Top 10 Captains of MLG 2009 SeasonPosted on February 4, 2010 | 17 CommentsAs a team captain I believe it is my responsibility to make sure my team is prepared for each event. I know it is a difficult task to maintain a 0
0" title="Gears of War 2 Pro Choice Awards" />
Gears of War 2 Pro Choice AwardsPosted on January 29, 2010 | No CommentsHere are my votes based on who I played against this season and specifically watched. All Pro players (they should have extended it to Semi-pro) are able to vote. I 0
0" title="The Scrimmage Mentality" />
The Scrimmage MentalityPosted on January 21, 2010 | 1 CommentCompetitive gaming, like any other sport has a certain set of criteria that need to be met in order to be successful. One of these criteria, practice, is perhaps the 0


text:
Check out this absolutely gorgeous video of Mischa modeling for the Intuzuri bridal campaign. Stunning photos are also available via the Intuzuri gallery on their website.
Couture Bridal Designer Intuzuri Invites Brides to Experience the Dreamlike Elegance of its New 2014 Collection As Modeled by Mischa Barton
The brand new couture-inspired collection from internationally recognized and globally coveted bridal designer, Intuzuri will debut at New York Bridal Week next month.
Designed to stir desire with the lavish charm of vintage Hollywood, chic black and white movies and handmade with pure red carpet glamour, the advertising campaign to coincide with the launch will feature British actress Mischa Barton as an English rose in a daring, breathtaking encounter. A smart, independent and creative femme fatale with a unique style of her own, the dreamlike images capture the essence of the Intuzuri bride and the 2014 collection; glamorous, determined, playful and a symbol of femininity.
With strong lines, statement designs and utterly glamorous silhouettes, the exquisite 2014 lineup is resplendent with luxurious fabrics such as delicate Chantilly lace, beautiful silk, fine taffeta and richly detailed gemstone embroidery. The extravagant collection of 62 statement-making bridal gowns is a captivating anthology of unique style, inviting the wearer to a game of dreams and fantasies, where style is synonymous with allure, beauty with strength and elegance with imagination.
Known for its vibrancy, coupled with its abundance of sensual materials and superbly refined craftsmanship, the 2014 collection is further proof that Intuzuri sets the bar in bridal fashion.
Elisa Smith from Intuzuri said, "Intuzuri designs begin with values such as luxury, timelessness, emotion and elegance. Our gowns symbolize tales of wildest dreams and sweeping fantasies, it is a dazzling encounter with a collection full of new ideas to help the bride fulfill her passion. With the 2014 line, Intuzuri will expand its audience while remaining true to its commitment to quality, originality and elegance. Pushing boundaries has transcended each design, allowing us to reinvent the idea of bridal fashion, injecting an abundance of glamour with a modern twist to make each couture piece an inspiration, an idea that in itself became the unique essence of the collection."
Recognized for its artistic approach to bridal gown design, Intuzuri has written its own phenomenal success story, with each new collection garnering ever more attention for its creativity and inimitable, luxurious style. It has expanded at an unprecedented rate, with the iconic brand now available in 19 countries worldwide and over 150 locations.
Daring and charming, coupling delicious indulgence for detail with an expertly selected palette of sophisticated materials, the refined 2014 collection maintains the same aura of sophistication that has become the trademark of Intuzuri, with the added influence of superb design collaborations. Refined feminine curves that resonate like a piece of poetry epitomize the magical world of love and romance, giving a dream-like and poetical vision of femininity with a dash of the theatrical to each sweeping train, sweetheart neckline and sheer, delicate back.
To browse images from the advertising campaign featuring Mischa Barton and to see the collection in full, visit Intuzuri.
Source & thanks to Adrian for also sending through the tip!


text:
"Redruth St. Piran's Festival Working Group
Redruth Community Interest Company (Registration No. 07489217)
The Elms, 61 Green Lane, REDRUTH TR15 1LS
Hoping to welcome you to our town of Redruth tomorrow to join the celebration of our National Celtic Saint!
Gool Peran Lowen! - Happy Piran's Day!
(post event 'wash up' meeting, a debriefing to occur at 6PM on Monday 11th. March, 2013 in the Redruth Town Council Chambers, Penryn Street, Redruth to which one and all are warmly welcomed! We hope to start planning for Piran '14!)"
Start the discussion
An increasingly important part of the Cornish year Thursday, February 28, 2013 Cornish Guardian ST Piran's Day ( March 5) is an increasingly important part of the Cornish year, when thousands of people mark their Cornishness in the name of their national saint. This year's celebrations will start on Friday ( March 1) at 6pm, when a giant model of St Piran will be brought ashore on Perranporth beach. He will be welcomed by local children dressed as tinners and balmaidens, and paraded through Perranporth to the memorial hall for a ceilidh and refreshments. And on Sunday (March 3), more than 1,000 people will join together on the dunes near Perranporth to enjoy the traditional play about St Piran and to take part in the procession to the site of St Piran's Oratory and the ruins of the later medieval church. This year, there is a new play, written by a local author and playwright which is described as "unique, with many twists" and a "real spectacle". It really is an event not to be missed, and I cannot recommend it too highly. Why not join the crowd at Perran Sands Holiday Park on Sunday at 1.30pm for a 2pm start? The St Piran's Day parade in Truro has also been a firm fixture for decades, involving a number of local schools, community groups and local businesses. And it particularly heartens me, as a supporter of all aspects of Cornish identity, to see the growing number of events that are now scheduled to mark St Piran's Day. As well as the established parades in towns such as Bodmin, Bude, Launceston and Penzance, it is exciting to see the host of concerts, dances and feasts taking place, and to know that there will be numerous activities in our local schools. All in all, it is great to see this growing confidence in Cornwall and its identity. But I would like to repeat the following key message that Mebyon Kernow makes around every St Piran's Day. The promotion of Cornish distinctiveness is not something that should be restricted to doing once a year in March. Cornwall has a powerful national identity and a wonderful heritage. This includes the Cornish language, music, dance, sport and a range of traditions. All of these are vitally important to our sense of place and the very wellbeing of our local communities. And each and every day, we should be doing all in our power to promote and enhance our identity and heritage. Read more: http://tinyurl.com/cjuk73w Follow us: @thisiscornwall on Twitter | thisiscornwall on Facebook
Something about your area!