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E. SERGENT RECEPTACLE FOR DISH-MOP, CLEANING BRUSH AND ANY HANDLE-CARRYING ARTICLES Filed Jan. 14, 1954 Aug. 7, 1956 mvEriToR EUGENE SERssr/r BY RECEPTA'CLE FOR DISH-MOP, CLEANING BRUSH AND ANY HANDLE-CARRYING ARTICLES Eugene-Sergeant, Paris, France Application January 14, 1954, Serial-N0. 403,980 Claims priority, application France January 26, 1953 2 Claims. (Cl. 206-1) This invention relates to a receptacle intended to receive a dish-mop, cleaning brush, small broom or any other article provided with a handle or stick, and to hold this article enclosed in a case adapted to close automatically when the article is stowed therein and to open automatically when the handle of the article is lifted for removing it from the case.
This receptacle is characterized in that it comprises a base member and at least two shell-like members pivotally mounted on said base member about horizontal axes and adapted to be either spread apart to permit the introduction of an object therebetween in the downward direction, or moved toward each other so as to form a single and same closed case leaving only a narrow aperture at its top, through which the handle or stick of the object may project to the outside from the case thus constituted, the passage of the shell-like members from the spread position to the closed position occurring through the pivotal movements of these members which are caused by the weight of the object acting upon the lower portions of the shells, whilst the passage from the closed position to the spread position takes place when the shells are pivoted outwards under the influence of the weight of the shells themselves, as the handle or stick of the enclosed object is pulled upwards thereby removing the weight of the object from the lower portions of said shells.
Adequate stops may be provided on the base member restricting the aforesaid shell-opening movements.
Besides, the base member may have its lower face formed as a resilient suction-grip element adapted to adhere to the floor.
The attached drawing forming part of this specification illustrates diagrammatically by way of example two forms of embodiment of the invention.
In the drawing:
The figure is a vertical axial section showing a first form of embodiment of a receptacle according to this invention in its closed position, the open position being shown in chain-dotted lines, and
The receptacle shown in the figure comprises essentially a base member 1 having its central under face formed as a suction-grip element 2 adapted to adhere to the floor under the influence of the atmospheric pressure. The upper portion 1a of the base member is cup shaped.
On this base member 1 are mounted two symmetrical horizontal pivot pins 3 having hingedly mounted thereon a pair of shell-like members 4 of any suitable material. Each shell 4 is formed at its upper end with a semi-circular notch 5. When the shells 4 are spread away from their vertical or closed positions their lateral pivotal movements are limited by the engagement of the outer lower faces of the shells 4 with the stop-forming circular upper edge 6 of the base member, as shown. When the shells 4 are in their closed position as shown in thick lines in the drawing, their longitudinal edges 7 engage substantially each other so that the shells will constitute a substantially closed case, the only aperture consisting of the registering s States Patent ICC semi-circular notches 5 formed in the upper edgesof the shells. This aperture is intended to allow therethrough the handle or stick 10 of the object enclosed in the case, this object consisting in the example shown of a dish-mop or small-broom 9.
The bulged shape of the shells 4' and the position of their horizontal pivot pins 3 are such that these shells 4 are constantly urged by their weight towardtheir spread positions, in the direction of the arrows F. However, when the receptacle contains any object of the kind described the lower portion of this object bears upon the portions 8 of shells 4 and the weight of the object will thus maintain the shells 4 in their closed positions.
When the handle or stick 10 of the object is pulled upwards, the portions 8 of shells 4are discharged from the weight of the object and therefore the shells will rock outwards under the influence of their own weight, thereby moving to their spread or open positions. In case the handle 10.were pulled too suddenly so that the object will strike the inner upper face of the shells 4 before the latter are spread apart to a sufiicient extent, the suction-grip portion 2 will keep the complete device firmly attached to the floor, thereby preventing the receptacle from being lifted. Consequently, any too quick lifting of the object would merely lead to a quicker opening of the shells.
When no object is stowed in the receptacle, the shells 4 are spread apart, as shown in chain-dotted lines in the figure. The object is replaced into the receptacle by lowering it between the shells. Asthe object engages the lower portions S-of these shells, its weight bears thereupon and causes the shells to pivot about their hinge pins 3. Thus, the shells are moved toward each other and close the case about the object, the handle projecting upwards from the receptacle through the aperture formed by the pair of registering notches 5.
The base member 1, shells 4 and pivot pins 3 may be manufactured from plastics so that the complete assembly can be readily cleaned by simply dipping it into an antiseptic solution, without any risk of deteriorating the device.
Of course, many modifications may be brought to the examples described hereinabove with reference to the attached drawing, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the pivot pins may be mounted on the base member on other places than those indicated in the drawing. The positions of the stops limiting the outward movements of the shell-like members may also differ from those illustrated. Besides, the base member may be designed in view of securing it to a wall surface instead of on the floor.
It is obvious that a receptacle according to this invention is also adapted for use both as a means for isolating from the surrounding atmosphere a soiled object such as a small broom or a dish-mop, and as a means for protecting from the surrounding atmosphere a very clean and aseptized object, for example a surgical instrument or the like.
Again, a higher number of shells, for instance three, four or more, may be pivotally mounted on pivot axes adequately distributed around the centre of the base member so as to constitute in their closed positions a single case when the object to be enclosed bears on the lower portions of the shells.
What I claim as new is:
1. A receptacle device, comprising, in combination, a base member; and two wall members each mounted on said base member for pivotal movement about a pivot axis between a closed position wherein each respective wall member forms one-half of an upstanding substantially ellipsoidal receiving chamber and an open position spaced from said closed position, said wall members in their respective closed positions forming said upstanding substantially ellipsoidal receiving chamber, said wall members being formed in the region of their respective upper edge portions with aligned notches so that when said wall members are in their respective closed positions said notches together form an opening at the upper part of said upstanding substantially ellipsoidal receiving chamber for placing the interior thereof in communication with the exterior thereof, each of said wall members being shaped and mounted on said base member so that the center of gravity of each respective wall member is in a position relative to each respective pivot axis in which each respective wall member is gravity-biased toward its open position, each of said wall members having a supporting portion adapted to support approximately one-half of the weight of an object located within said receiving chamber in such a manner that both of said wall members are moved from their respective open positions to their respective closed positions by that part of the weight of the object which each respective supporting portion supports when the object is located within said receiving chamber and is supported by both of said supporting portions of said wall member.
2. A receptacle comprising, in combination, a base; a pair of parallel, spaced pivot pins carried by said base and extending in a substantially horizontal direction when the base is placed on a horizontal supporting surface; and a pair of hollow housing parts respectively carried by said pivot pins for turning movement between a closed position where said hollow housing parts are located next to each other with their hollow interiors directed toward each other to form a substantially closed receptacle and an open position where said housing parts are turned away from each other and are located at a greater distance from each other than when said housing parts are in said closed position thereof, said housing parts in their closed position having upper edge portions formed with aligned cutouts which together form an opening at the top of the receptacle through which part of an article located within the receptacle may extend, and said housing parts having in said closed position thereof centers of gravity, respectively, which are located laterally beyond the space located between said pivot pins and at a higher elevation than said pivot pins, so that said housing parts are biased by their own weight to turn from their closed to their open position, said housing parts respectively having bottom wall portions extending from said pivot pins toward each other, whereby when said housing parts are in their open position an article to be partly located within the receptacle may be placed on said wall portions to exert its weight thereof for automatically turning said housing parts against the influence of their own weight from their open to their closed position where a part of the article may extend through said upper opening formed by said aligned cutouts, and whereby when the article is removed from the receptacle said housing parts will automatically turn by their own weight to their open position.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,275,549 Oshman Mar. 10, 1942 2,507,342 Licari May 9, 1950 2,600,345 Venditti June 10, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 510,900 Great Britain Aug. 10, 1939
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Jonathan-Ismael Diaby
Blainville Quebec
Eligible for draft:
3rd ruond (64th overall), 2013
220 lbs.
Prospect Talent Score
Probability of Success
2009-10: Jonathan-Ismael Diaby played for the College Esther-Blondin Phenix in Quebec midget AAA hockey. He had 1 goal with 5 assists and 60 penalty minutes in 39 games. Diaby was drafted by Victoriaville in the fourth round (59th overall) of the 2010 QMJHL Entry Draft.
2010-11: Diaby played 19 regular season games and three playoff contests in the QMJHL for Victoriaville while playing for College Esther-Blondin in midget hockey. He had no points and was minus-one in 22 games for the Tigres. He scored 2 goals with 9 assists and had 79 penalty minutes in 20 games for the Phenix, which finished third in the CCM Division.
2011-12: Diaby skated in 51 games for Victoriaville as the Tigres finished with the QMJHL's third best record. He scored 1 goal with 8 assists and was plus-eight with 64 penalty minutes. The Tigres finished second in the East Division but were swept by Baie-Comeau in the first round of the playoffs. Diaby had no points and was minus-two with 11 penalty minutes in four playoff games.
2012-13: Diaby was the second-leading scorer amongst defensemen for Victoriaville in his second QMJHL season. He scored 4 goals with 22 assists and was plus-12 in 67 games and had 117 penalty minutes. The Tigres advanced to the second round of the playoffs after finishing fourth in the East Division and in nine playoff games Diaby was minus-two with 1 assist and 20 penalty minutes. He was ranked 37th amongst North American skaters in Central Scouting's final rankings prior to the 2013 NHL Draft.
2013-14: Diaby returned to the Victoriaville lineup in early December after recovering from his shoulder surgery and made his professional debut after the Tigres were eliminated from the QMJHL playoffs; skating in four games with Nashville AHL affiliate Milwaukee. He quickly made his presence felt for Victoriaville — scoring two goals in his second game back and registering six points in his first six games. He had one assist and had an even plus/minus with five penalty minutes with Milwaukee. Diaby finished the QMJHL regular season with nine goals and 19 assists and was +11 with 80 penalty minutes in 38 games for the Tigres. He scored 1 goal with 4 assists and was plus-three with four penalty minutes in the five-game playoff series with Drummondville. In January he signed a three-year entry-level contract with the Predators.
Talent Analysis
First and foremost, there is his size. Diaby is blessed with great natural talents and is a punishing force on the blue line. Not only is he tall, but he has already filled out, which makes the lives of opposing players even more difficult as they try to enter into the offensive zone. He pairs that size with a nasty edge and good skating ability, allowing him to play a physical style without sacrificing positioning. He can make a solid first pass out of the zone, but his game is primarily defense-first.
Diaby will attend his first camp with the Predators after missing last year's due to his shoulder injury. While his size and strength suggests he is ready to compete at the NHL level he will more than likely head to Milwaukee in the AHL for his first pro season. Long-term he projects as a solid defender that can provide offense with his skating and shot and he should fit in well with the young corps that Nashville has assembled.

subset: commoncrawl


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You guys, this week has been basically a celebrity gossip writer's dream come true. For those of you who are pretty much over the whole Tom and Katie thing, I'll see you next week with some (hopefully) different stories. For those of you who love you some TomKat conspiracy? Stick around. There are plenty of links coming your way.
First, I'd be remiss in mentioning the passing of a television legend earlier this week. Andy Griffith, best known as Andy Taylor, the beloved sheriff of Mayberry on The Andy Griffith Show, died Tuesday morning at his home in North Carolina at the age of 86. Although the actor, also known with the grey crowd as hard-hitting lawyer, Matlock, suffered from a variety of illnesses, including coronary artery disease, hypertension and high cholesterol, Andy Griffith's death certificate listed the cause of death as a heart attack.
The star's family wasted no time in burying him — per his wishes — holding a funeral and burial at his Roanoke Island family farm just hours after his death. Rest in peace, Andy. Hope heaven's front porch is as amazing as can be.
Go brush your teeth so you won't get cavidties from that last line above, then tell me, do we care about Justin Bieber and Selena Gomez? I can't decide. Anyway, rumors swirled this week that the teenage musical pair are on the rocks, and have, in fact, broken up multiple times in the past two months. On Monday, Selena Gomez was seen at a party for Ashley Tisdale without her beau. The couple seemed to discredit these rumors with a PDA filled dinner at Pink Pepper Thai in Los Angeles.
Is it all for show, or are these two crazy kids still in love? I finally decided….I DO NOT CARE.
A tad bit of baby news for all y'all. Matthew McConaughey and new bride Camila Alves are expecting their third child! They sure didn't waste any time after the wedding. Also expecting? Actress Claire Danes with her first child, three years after marrying Hugh Dancy. If an actress who doesn't act gets pregnant, does that news make a sound?
Babies were out and about this July 4, including Maxi (with mama Jessica Simpson ) and Samuel Affleck (with mama Jennifer Garner and dad Ben Affleck). And in the weirdest Independence day news evah, Tori Spelling wore a bump-revealing bikini while she sat in a wheelchair at a cookout. Wha???
Hey, remember that time when Tom Cruise appeared on Oprah and jumped on the couch, proclaiming his love for one miss Kate "Katie" Holmes? And we were all like, UH, yeah, that's fake?
Perfect segway to our special Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes edition of one and done!
- Katie and Tom fought "viscously" over Suri's Scientology upbringing, which included Suri being fed a mixture of barley water, milk and corn syrup instead of formula or breast milk. Breast or bottle, can we all agree this is pretty awful?
- Scientologist leader David Miscaavige is a crazy creep who probably killed his wife at some point.
- Suri Cruise and Katie Holmes had the "best day ever" in NYC. Every day is the best day ever when you're being carried everywhere.
- Scientology might be (probably is) the cause of Tom's split with Nicole Kidman and for their adopted children disowning their mother. Nobody is shocked.
- Katie Holmes dropped some hints about her impending divorce in August's Elle, publishing in late July. People is giving an Angry Fist Shake at Elle as we speak.
- TMZ reported that Tom's sources say the split is NOT over Scientology, but is simply a way for Katie to hurt Tom. Right, like he did to Nicole Kidman…Karma…..she ain't just a stripper in Vegas.
- In the divorce papers, Katie cited the marriage was "irretrievably broken" 6 months prior to filing. Or, did you mean "in 2006 when we first got together."
- Tom and Katie not only slept in separate beds, but in separate locations in NYC in the weeks leading up to the divorce filing. And also their entire marriage because it was a sham. Duh people. Furreally.
- Six-year-old Suri is now at the age where Scientologists think it's OK to ask her questions to find out what her Mom and Dad have made her promise not to tell. She's so advanced, I bet she was ready at 5.
- Katie filing in NYC might lead to some tax trouble for Tom. I think Uncle Sam is the LEAST of his worries right now.
- Katie Holmes might get nothing from the prenup, according to some sources.
- Katie Holmes will appear in a family law courthouse on July 17 for her first divorce hearing and to request temporary child support. oh man, she is in SO MUCH TROUBLE with Xenu.
In case you've forgotten how completely crazy Tom Cruise has become, watch the Scientology indoctrination video from a few years ago. Crazy town, people. Population Tom Cruise.


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Success of a farmer, measured in small plots
There are plenty of examples of farmers who make a living on just a few acres. I doubt very many of them drive fancy German automobiles or have second homes on the Colorado ski slopes. But the ones I've met seem to live comfortable lives doing what they love. Although I've not done a scientific study on the subject, here are my observations of the keys to their success.
First, many of them started at a fairly young age. Getting started in farming involves a bit of risk. The earlier you start, the longer to bounce back and rebuild from an early failure. I've also noticed that the younger crowd is often more tolerant of giving up necessities (e.g. satellite TV and beach vacations) during the lean startup years.
Furthermore, it takes lots of strength and energy to put the infrastructure in place for a farming operation. There are sheds to build, fields to clear and fence posts to install. Although I'm fairly active for my mid-forties, I'd just as soon watch someone else use a post-hole digger as use it myself.
I've also observed that successful small farmers tend to receive premium prices for their crops. I remember very little of Economics 101, but I do know that the price charged has to more than cover the costs. Of course, that requires finding customers who will pay that premium price.
Farmers in this area sometimes have to battle a mentality that farm fresh produce should be tastier and cheaper. But it's a mistake, I think, for the farmer to give in. If you can't charge a price that provides a good living, it may be time to try a different business.
Of course, you can't charge a premium price unless you offer a premium or rare product. This is clearly a reason that Apple is one of the most successful companies in the world. The small-scale apple farmer has to apply the same principles. The successful small farmer has to bring something to market of exceptional quality, or a product that no one else is offering.
Another strategy used by many small farmers is to offer a variety of products. This is an excellent risk management technique. If it turns out to be a bad year for raising tomatoes, perhaps the blueberry crop will have a bumper year.
That being said, I've known others that specialized in a single product. That approach can simplify management, as the schedule of chores will not vary much from year to year.
I suspect there is a minimum size for a successful small, perhaps five acres. However, starting out with five acres of vegetables or apple trees is overwhelming to imagine. An acre or two might be a good starting point to learn the ropes.
Some small farmers I've met started out on one path and ended up in a completely different one. This requires the ability to adapt as situations change and new opportunities arise.
I occasionally get calls from folks seeking "grants to get started in farming." While there are occasional opportunities for limited assistance, most of the successful farmers I've known built their enterprise through hard work, persistence and sacrifice.
No one better exemplifies the entrepreneurial spirit than the American farmer. For anyone who wants to give it a serious go, you have all the educational resources of Cooperative Extension at your disposal, and my admiration to boot!


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Hotels in 24816 - Big Sandy WV
Only hotels in 24816 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Big Sandy, WV for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 24816 hotels and motels so you can review the Big Sandy hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in McDowell county and area code 304 are also listed.
24816 Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
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Ringside Fight Club
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Boxing News and Fitness Blog
Whether you want to train with us, one of our training partners or even on your own, we can cater for your needs.
We have 6 shows per year and whether you want to fight for charity, to achieve a life long dream or to compete with our RFC Champions we can help you achieve that.
Train Hard, Fight Easy


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The Race Face Women's Piper Short Sleeve Jersey is a versatile cycling jersey with flat seams and an extended hem to keep you from getting too bogged down with irritating details like scratchy stitching or an exposed…
The Race Face Women's Piper Short Sleeve Jersey is a versatile cycling jersey with flat seams and an extended hem to keep you from getting too bogged down with irritating details like scratchy stitching or an exposed back. Breathable mesh panels and moisture wicking fabric will have you feeling cool and calm as you negotiate tricky obstacles.
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We offer a range of delivery services for our UK and International customers. UK Customers can select our FREE standard delivery option on most non bike orders over £20. Or if you're in a hurry you can upgrade to our Next Day, Saturday or Sunday delivery services. You can also use our free Click & Collect service, where you can collect your purchases from a choice of over 50 Evans Cycles stores. International customers can benefit from FREE delivery on most orders and save UK VAT if we are shipping outside of the EU.
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Between the Kids
A natural family blog with everything from babies to tweens
Posts filtered on Category
Welcome to the World, Jett Layton!
It was a fantastic natural labor and birth! My twelve year old daughter caught Jett as he was born. [Read More]
10th Annual BIRTH Fair Speaker Schedule – Oct. 1, 10a-4p
Oct. 1, 2011!
United Way Center
United Way Center
50 Waugh Dr.
Houston, TX
11am to 4 pm[Read More]
Red Tent Birth Stories TONIGHT at Rite of Passage Birth Center
A red tent is intended to provide a safe listening space for women of all ages to share birth stories and foster community. At the Houston Red Tent, women will share their birth stories surrounded by a community of women who support their story through deep listening. Telling birth stories can be a very powerful way to process birth as well as a way to get to know how mothers in our community are birthing. [Read More]
Houston Area B.I.R.T.H. Fair 10th Anniversary – FREE Event for Families
Join us for our 10-year anniversary as we celebrate natural parenting and pregnancy. Get the latest information about vaccines, birthing options, breastfeeding, babywearing, VBACs, and more! We will have overstuffed goody bags for our guests, activities for children, and will show the blockbuster film The Business of Being Born with Ricky Lake. [Read More]
Follow my Pregnancy and Upcoming Birth on Facebook!
If you're interested, you can follow the remainder of my pregnancy and upcoming birth (tastefully) on Facebook! [Read More]
Walmart plays Host to public Baby Showers every September!
Did you know that your local Walmart may play host to a public baby shower every year? [Read More]
Watch Talina's LIVE Homebirth!
If you're interested in watching, a fellow blogger is streaming her homebirth LIVE on the internet! This is an absolutely amazing experience, however, I realize it's not for everyone! Talina from Harvest of Daily Life is in labor, at home, with her husband and her midwife! DISCLAIMER – This link will show a live, natural […] [Read More]
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This involves the efficient placement of multiple computers within a given site. The available density of computer systems that may be provided at a location is advantageously increased through various features. By placement of access space to all elements which require periodic attention at the front of each computer, the need for significant space at the rear of a computer is eliminated. Such a computer hardware configuration facilitates back-to-back placement of computers in a rack. Racks filled in this manner may be arranged in rows or otherwise. The back-to-back computers in a rack define an air/gas column that may be air conditioned. By drawing air from this column (or forcing it) through a computer from its back/sides to its front/sides across heat-generating components, highly-effective cooling with certain advantages is achieved. Alternately, by drawing air from the environment in which the computers are placed and passing it through the front/sides to the back/sides of the computer across heat-generating components, highly-effective cooling associated with other advantages may be achieved.
1. A set of computers comprising:
at least one rack; and
at least two computers, each computer having a front section and a back section located opposite each other in each of said computers, two of said computers being placed in a back-to-back configuration of said rack;
wherein said computers and said at least one rack cooperate to define a space between said computers and to direct air flowing into said space such that a quantity of air sufficient to constitute a cooling flow for said computers either (1) enters the space and exits out through the computers or (2) enters through the computers into the space and exits out of the space.
2. The set of
3. The set of
4. The set of
5. The set of
6. The set of
7. The set of
8. The set of
9. The set of
10. The set of
11. The set of
12. The set of
13. The set of
14. The set of
15. The set of
16. The set of
17. The set of
18. A method of cooling computers that are mounted back-to-back in at least one rack to form a computer system having a channel for air between said back-to-back computers comprising:
passing a quantity of air sufficient to cool said computers from said channel into, through, and out of each computer.
19. The method of
20. The method of
21. The method of
22. The method of
23. A method of cooling computers situated in an air environment that are back-to-back in at least one rack and having a channel for air between said back-to-back computers comprising:
drawing a quantity of air sufficient to cool the computers from said environment through each computer into said channel and out said at least one rack.
24. The method of
25. The method of
26. The method of
27. The method of
28. The method of
29. The method of
30. A method of cooling computers situated in an air environment that are back-to-back in at least one rack and having a channel for air between said back-to-back computer comprising:
passing a quantity of air sufficient to cool the computers through each computer without recirculation of the air, wherein the quantity of air either (1) enters the space and flows out through the computers or (2) flows into the computers and exits out of the space.
31. The method of
32. The method of
33. The method of
selecting a direction to pass air through the computer based on the temperature of said environment.
34. The method of
35. The method of
36. The method of
switching said direction based on a change in the temperature of said environment.
37. The method of
38. A computer comprising:
a main board having an I/O shield mounted thereon; and
a chassis having a height between about 1U and 3U and providing ports on a single side of said chassis for receiving said I/O shield and all components requiring intermittent access provided for said computer.
39. The computer of
40. A computer system comprising: at least one computer module and at least one array module, each having a front and a back opposite the front, said computer modules each including a main board and a power supply, said array modules each including multiple data storage devices, said computer module connected back-to-back to said array modules.
41. The system of
42. The system of
43. The system of
44. A computer comprising: a thermal control unit and a chassis having a front section and an opposing back section and defining a main board compartment and a power supply compartment, at least one fan in each compartment, said thermal control unit configured to turn on and off said at least one fan in each compartment to help maintain a constant temperature in each compartment of the computer and to move air through the chassis either from the front section to the back section or from the back section to the front section.
45. The computer of
46. A set of computers comprising: at least one rack and at least two computers, each computer having a front section and a back section, two of said computers being placed in a back-to-back configuration in said rack, wherein said computers are configured so components requiring intermittent physical access are provided in the front of the computers and wherein a spacer is provided between a mounting flange of a computer and an attachment area of said rack.
47. A set of computers comprising: at least one rack and at least two computers, each computer having a front section and a back section, two of said computers being placed in a back-to-back configuration in said rack, wherein said computers are configured a.) so components requiring intermittent physical access are provided in the front of the computers, and b.) wherein at least one of the computers is affixed to the rack with an offset flange that advances the front section of the computer beyond an attachment area of said rack.
This application claims priority to provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/161,578 filed Oct. 26, 1999, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
This relates to the manner in which computers are configured and provided in a given area in order to conserve space and deal with cooling issues associated with housing a large number of computers. Aspects of the invention assist with increasing the density at which computers may be provided, particularly in a network server or host environment.
Many computers today are assembled from components built to one or more industry standards. The use of standardized components using specific interfaces allows for ease of supply, efficiency in production, and competitiveness in pricing. A further advantage associated with the use of standardized computer components, as opposed to custom pieces, is that of performance.
The dollar-for-dollar performance advantage of many standardized components over similar custom components can be viewed as a beneficial consequence of the balance between the resources invested in each product and the efforts to optimize its function. Standardized components have higher sales volume and return potential than custom components, thereby generally allowing additional resources to be invested in their production. Standardized components also face broader competition regarding performance. Therefore, if sales are to be made at a given price point, the performance of the corresponding standardized component must excel.
In contrast, even when custom components are desired, it is often not economically feasible to optimize performance. The paramount concern is to meet the specific needs calling for the customization. This is particularly so when space conservation is the primary consideration. Although the number of smaller computers available for duty where space conservation is important has increased, they are typically very expensive. Also, these smaller custom computer systems often suffer in the areas of computing speed and system reliability relative to computers using less costly standardized components.
It should be noted, however, that additional factors affect the performance of existing space-saving computer systems. The compaction of layout in shrinking main board sizes results in component crowding and imparts additional design constraints which hinder design for optimal performance. Crowding can adversely affect the manner in which components are connected as well as result in significant heat dissipation problems. Further compromises are often made in shrinking computer sizes. To conserve space, smaller fans or fewer fans may be included in a design. Also, custom-made power supplies and data drives may be required in producing a compact system. As with main boards designed for small size, these units often lag in performance relative to their standardized counterparts.
The use of custom components introduces further difficulties when they break down. Supply issues can be such a difficulty as to make it more feasible to replace an entire machine so as not to lose its computing power for an extended time, rather than wait for repair components necessary to get the existing machine up and running. This difficulty is often compounded by an increased failure rate experienced with custom components.
All of these disadvantages aside, there exists a need for compact computer systems in the server industry. It is this very need which has justified acceptance of current compact systems despite their performance and thermodynamic disadvantages. Especially with the advent and rise of the Internet and World Wide Web, an increasing demand for more computers to be connected to serve as network hosts or servers has arisen.
The function of network serves may be carried out by more traditional "servers" in the form of powerful computers usually configured to perform specific functions. Another more recently developed model in providing network services is with grouped computers or "modules" linked, in part, through software such as the VNC software package available through Oracle, Inc., to form a "farm" or "puzzle" of computers working together. Computers set up in a farm or otherwise provided in a coordinated set will include their own processors, data drives and so-forth in order that each may accomplish a fraction of the work intended for the whole.
Farms, in particular, have several advantages over typical servers. One advantage is the combined speed of processors working together in a coordinated manner. Another advantage resides in the redundancy of a farm's structure. If any one module fails, it can be extracted or replaced with no ill effect other than the fractional loss of the farm's capacity. Put another way, failure of part the set of computers does not shut down the whole. In contrast, when any portion of a server fails, the whole system may go down. If the failure itself does not cause the loss, shutting down the computer for a necessary repair certainly will.
Irrespective of the type of network host that might be employed, it is clear that there is a growing need for compact, serviceable network resources. This has lead to an increasing need for space in which to house the network host units and a consolidation of spaces where they are located. Sites known as co-location sites where numerous networked computers find a home now exist. Space for the computers is typically rented at such sites. Rent calculations may be based on the overall space occupied, power consumption and bandwidth handled by the computers occupying the space. Because of the relationship between such factors, it will often be in favor of both a co-location site and computer service provider to maximize both the density and performance efficiency of the computers at a given site. By increasing the density at which computers may be packed into a given area, the service provider benefits since less space is required for a given number of computers; the co-location site benefits since the ultimate bandwidth available in association with the space available may be greatly increased.
Other less apparent benefits stem from conserving the space a host computer occupies. In many instances, it will be economically feasible to forestall the retirement of otherwise outdated host computers since the cost of the space they occupy is relatively lower, thereby justifying their continued service for a period of time. On the other hand, where it is preferred to only maintain the highest-end computers in service, the savings available by minimizing the size of such computers without hindering performance is quite clear. There exists a need for computer systems adapted for realizing these many advantages.
Typically, at a site where numerous computers are connected to a network, the computers are provided stacked in racks arranged in repeating rows or cells. Access to the computers is necessary for servicing, upgrading hardware, loading software, attaching cables, switching power on and off, and so forth. The elimination of as much access space as is feasible can increase the density of computer systems that may be provided for a given square footage of area at a site. Moveable rack solutions can be used to decrease access space requirements. However, they have not gained wide acceptance. Consequently, there exists a need to eliminate extraneous access space while still maintaining the use of relatively inexpensive, standard (or more-or-less standard) racks.
A rack that is currently being widely used measures roughly 19 inches wide, 30 inches deep and 74 inches high. In at least one co-location site, these racks are lined up in rows of roughly 10-30 units with access doors on each side of a rack. Access aisles are provided on both sides of the rows. Many of the racks are filled with cumbersome computers mounted on sliders which are attached through mounting holes provided in the front and back of the rack. Regardless of the chassis design of the computers (or lack thereof where computers are merely built on open trays with their components uncovered) and how they are mounted to the racks, data devices included in the computer are accessed from the front. Main board I/O's, other I/O's, power cords and such items are typically accessed from the back. It is this latter design aspect which not only results in inefficiency in the amount of access space required, but also in the frequent inefficiencies associated with having to administer services to both sides of a computer. Consequently, there exists a need for computers useable in a network setting that are accessible and fully serviceable from a single side.
In order to significantly increase the density at which computers in a given space are provided, the only solution to date has been to shrink the computer's box. As such, there exists a need to increase the density at which computers may be provided in a given space by what means are possible while still having the ability to utilize standardized components. Aspects of the present invention including single-sided access help in this regard.
Additionally, there exists a need for improved cooling of computers, especially where large numbers are provided. This need is compounded by increased computer density. Features of the invention help meet this need as well. In certain situations, this need to maintain acceptable computer temperatures can compete with the need to maintain the environment in which the computers are housed at an acceptable temperature without exorbitant expenditures for environmental cooling. Certain features of the invention directed at cooling the computers help in this regard.
This invention is a system designed to maximize the density of computers that may be provided in a given space. Several features of the invention enable one to provide a higher density of computer systems at a site. Preferably, the computers are built from standardized or readily-available components, except for the chassis herein described.
One way in which the present invention conserves space and increases computer density is to eliminate the need for access to both the front and back of a computer. This is accomplished by an inventive chassis design in which ports for items requiring physical access are placed only at the front of the chassis. Items requiring physical access include, but are not limited to: various data drives or storage devices and physical input and output sockets. Preferably, the rear of a computer chassis made according to the invention is free of any such access ports. However, this "front access" feature of the present invention does not require that each and every physical attachment to a computer be located in front of the machine. Desirably, those which require physical access periodically or would significantly hinder forward removal of the machine from a rack in which it may be stacked are provided for at the front of the chassis. At least those features located on the main board which would normally be accessed from behind and accessible data drives are provided for in the front of the inventive chassis.
The above-described chassis configuration allows for effective placement of computer components in a back-to-back arrangement within a rack or other supporting structure. This back-to-back placement of computer components within a rack forms a highly desirable aspect of the invention. Such placement often doubles or further multiplies the density potential for rack computer systems, e.g., those in which the computers would otherwise be mounted one unit deep. The back-to-back mounting of computer chassis may also involve the back-to-back placement of full-function computers linked to one another or the back-to-back placement of a computer and a device such as a drive array serving the computer which it abuts.
Another aspect of the invention which aids in increasing the density at which computers may be provided is attained by placing the inventive chassis in a back-to-back fashion in a manner so that a space between the backs of the various chassis is present when the units are in a rack. Cooled or forced air may then be provided in this rectangular back space (and, if so desired, to the space between the sides of the chassis and side panels of some racks) to pass through a computer chassis and be vented through the front of the machine. Optimally, this back-to-front flow of cooling gas traveling through the computer is directed to particularly hot-running or temperature-sensitive components such as power supplies or CPU's. Various inlets, vents, fans, and baffles may be specially-configured or controlled to provide desired flow properties and optimize cooling and/or temperature stabilization. Ideally, forced air at ambient temperature or forced and/or cooled air as low as about 40° F. (5° C.) or lower is used. Air provided in the space between computers and or the rack which house them may come either from above through ductwork typically present in a building or below where advantage may be taken of the fact that heat rises.
The backspace and optional sidespace between the computers or rack sides may be used in another advantageous manner. Especially where maintaining a lower environmental temperature is a concern, a flow reversed from that described above will be advantageous. Such reversed flow may be accomplished by drawing ambient air by fans and/or a partial vacuum through the computer chassis past heat-generating components and venting it from the common space between the computers by a hood or plenum, vent or other means. Common ductwork may take the heated air out of the site. Alternately, it may be preferred that each hood independently exhausts air out of the site in which the computers are located. Providing front-to-back flow will cool computer components as well as help maintain lower ambient temperatures than possible with other high-density network computer solutions. As desired above, it is preferred that the flow of cooling gas is directed to or by hot-running or temperature sensitive components.
Providing cooling flow in either a back-to-front direction or a front-to-back direction as possible with the hardware and/or configuration of computers and racks as disclosed herein forms part of the present invention. Generally, this invention includes methods and also various hardware components either in isolation or in combination where they may work together to ultimately achieve the desired results.
Each of the following figures diagrammatically illustrates aspects of the present invention. The illustrations provide examples of the invention described herein. It is contemplated that combinations of aspects of specific variations or combinations of the specific variations themselves are within the scope of this disclosure.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of the inventive chassis as it may be built-up with certain components to form a computer.
FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D and 2E show configurations of the inventive chassis.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show back-to-back computer system configurations.
FIG. 4 shows an oblique view of a rack partially filled with computers according to the invention.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show partial cut-away side views of racks filled with computers according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows a configuration of the inventive chassis as it may be assembled with standard components. Although the use of standard components is preferred, of course, none of the components must be so. The chassis 2 will usually include a chassis body 4 and a chassis cover 6. A main board compartment 8, and a power supply compartment 10 separated by a baffle 12 are optionally provided. Preferably, the main board compartment 8 is sized to fit an ATX form factor main board 14. Preferred main boards include models N44BX, L44GX, 810, 810E and C440GX by Intel, Inc. Such main boards typically include an I/O shield 16. The chassis 2, is preferably made of zinc plated mild steel sheet metal, with the front panel 18 painted. Rivets, welds or other suitable fastening methods may be used to secure various components and hold the chassis body 4 in shape.
The main board compartment 8 is preferably of a height sufficient to include room for a 3.5 inch disk drive 20 above main board 14 in a port 22 in the front panel 18 of the front section 24 of the chassis. The variation shown in FIG. 1 is "2U" in height. Especially when using different CPU configurations, alternate heights as described below may be advantageous.
Whatever the configuration, a port 26 for the main board shield 16 will be provided in the front panel 18 of the chassis body 4. A port 28 in the front panel for an external SCSI drive (not shown) or other such device may also be provided. Another port 30 of such a size to fit numerous connectors (such as a parallel port connector) or a port for an Ethernet card (not shown) to fit in the main board 14 is also provided in the variation shown in FIG. 1. Further, ports 34 for switches are optionally provided.
The front panel 18 defining the various ports may be configured to attach to a rack by providing interface sections 36 extending from the sides 38, 40 of the chassis body 4. In-line with the power supply compartment 10, in the variation of FIG. 1, the front panel 18 also includes a port 42 capable of receiving a 5Ľ inch device 44. A number of devices may be optionally used in this port. As diagrammatically pictured, a drive 44, such as a removable-medium drive (e.g., CD, DVD, ZIP, JAZZ, DAT, Smart Cards, Flash disk and Tape drives or others whether designed for a standard size desktop or network computer or of smaller size for a portable computer or the like) may variously be used in a hard-wired, hot-swappable or replaceable configuration. A hot-swappable hard drive or CD ROM may be preferred.
Common to all such drives is the need for access for the purpose of changing the data storage media or for pulling the device itself. The same is true for the connectors attachable to the shield 16 of the main board 14 discussed above and/or for connectors to accommodate USB/external SCSI or parallel port devices or other auxiliary data drives configured for plug-in use. In the variation shown in FIG. 1, optional port 46 accommodating a power cord fitting to a power supply 48 to be housed in the power supply compartment 10 is provided.
Preferably, the chassis 2 is configured so power cords such as those which would be connected at port 46 will be located at one side of the unit, while other cords, wires or the like for data transmission will be connected at the other side. In this way, two well-organized columns of connection members will be developed when a rack is filled with chassis 2 spanning the front of it.
Preferably, the power supply 48 for use in the assembled computer is made of high-quality standard components. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, a customized power supply shield 50 may be provided with a step 142 from a lower region 52 to an upper region 54 in order to accept the larger 5Ľ inch devices. Just as the power supply shield 50 may include a step 142 to provide clearance for desirable drives in the power supply compartment 10, the baffle 12 may include a step or jog 140. The jog 140 shown is provided as clearance for both the 5Ľ inch port 42 and for certain desirable main boards 14 in the main board compartment 8 while maintaining a total frontal width narrow enough to fit in a typical rack having a 19 inch wide opening.
A hard drive 56 may be placed below any 5Ľ inch device used. It is also possible to provide various brackets elsewhere within the chassis body 4 to mount additional hard drives as space permits. The placement of the hard drive 56 indicated is, however, optimal in view of the cooling features provided in this variant of the invention. While vents 58, 60 and 62 and fans 76 in front of the vents are provided foremost to generate a stream of air optionally in a direction as indicated to cool the power supply 48, the drive 56 is exposed to a beneficial stream of cooling air as well. Vents 64 and 66 in the power supply cover 50 allow the air to move through the same without significant impediment.
In a manner similar to that of the configuration of the power supply compartment 10 which is intended to pass cooling gas or air across the power supply, vents 68, 70 and 72 and fans 76 in front of the vents provided in the main board compartment 8 direct cooling air over or near the CPU(s) 74 of the main board 14. In the variant pictured, a diagonal flow of air may be achieved as indicated.
The cooling of the chassis compartments 8 and 10 may be provided by fans 76 which severally run continuously while the computer is on or alternatively there may be more selective control of at least some of the fans 76. For instance, where a thermal control unit 78 is included in the computer design, separate channels of the unit may be set to monitor the temperature of the chambers and turn on and off fans in each of the chassis compartment or the device itself to help maintain temperatures as constant as possible. Such a set-up can reduce thermal cycling issues that may arise due to differing power consumption and waste-heat generation of components (especially CPUs) depending on their usage. Also, the direction of air flow may be varied by switching the direction in which the fans 76 turn.
FIG. 2A shows the variation of the inventive chassis which is shown built-up in FIG. 1, as may any of the other chassis pictured and/or described. The chassis of FIGS. 2B, 2C, 2D and 2E include ports with generally identical functions as indicated by corresponding sizing, profile and/or numbering. The differences between the chassis are a matter of what ports are considered to be preferred for the computer configuration desired. All configurations, however, exhibit the common feature that each of their ports for all components requiring or designed for intermittent access by a user are on one side of the chassis. In the variant shown in FIG. 2C, no jog in the baffle 12 is required since no 5Ľ inch device port is provided.
In the variant shown in FIG. 2D, no baffle is included at all. To account for the loss of such support as provided by a baffle 12 in the other variants of the invention, a top flange 132 is preferably provided around the entire periphery of the chassis body 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 2D, the chassis body 4 need not include any ports for internal data drives. As alluded to above, it is possible to use the chassis in combination with external data devices configured for intermittent connection. Dedicated ports in the face 18 may be provided for such accessibility. Alternately, optional ports 144 provided for a main board I/O's ports may suffice.
FIGS. 2D and 2F show a "1U" variant of the inventive chassis. Such a configuration may be used to efficiently house a 810X main board. The stacking of 1U chassis in a rack enables the provision of up to four times the number of computers as compared to others (such as Rack-Mount 02 systems available through Silicon Graphics, Inc.) that may be provided in a given rack. Therefore, up to 84 IU computers may be housed in a 74 inch high standard rack.
A 1U chassis will be particularly advantageous to use where additional CPU power is desired for a farm or set of computers in a rack since use of such a slim chassis will result in packing more processor power into less space in a rack. However, fewer peripherals may be used in such a slim design. Also, presently, typical two CPU main boards may not be used in a lU chassis. In view of such limitations in assembling a rack of computers, it will often be advantageous to employ computers built in chassis of varying heights. Still as long as a sufficient number of 1U chassis are employed in combination with taller units, it is possible to provide racks with upwards of 40 or 60 computers for a 74 inch high rack.
By virtue of each chassis being configured to accept a main board 14 in a horizontal orientation and the remaining layout of the chassis adapted to accept other components beside the same (whether on the opposite side of a baffle wall 12 or not), it is possible to maintain the low profiles displayed such as with 1U and 2U designs specifically described. This configuration is also useful for producing low profile computers of heights anywhere between about 1U and about 3U.
The approximate height of a 1U chassis is about 1ľ inches. Naturally, the various 2U, 3U, 4U and taller models have heights corresponding to multiples of the 1U height. As clearly known in the art, a 1U chassis unit is mountable between three mounting holes on a standard rack. Taller units span an increasing number of holes.
As with the other chassis in FIGS. 2A-2C, the variations shown in FIG. 2D may be mounted on the rack by its front flange members at interface section 36. Due to the height of the chassis, the number or width of vents 80 and 84 may be increased as shown to maximize the open cross-sectional area for cooling gas to pass through a chassis. Additional, but smaller, fans may also be employed. Also, it may be advantageous to use smaller data drives in such a chassis, e.g. drives made for laptop or portable computers, or to eliminate provision for internal drives and rely only on ports for external drives as described above.
Especially with the unmodified flange-mount chassis designs shown in FIGS. 2A-2D, where longer chassis are desired for use in a back-to-back configuration in a standard rack, it will be preferred to mount the computers to racks using longer bolts (or other affixation means) and with spacers 112 between the interface section 36 and opposing rack portions 114 across from each on a rack as indicated in FIG. 4. As pictured in FIG. 2D, integrated bolts 134 of a style pressed in to the chassis body 4 so they will remain with the unit and serve as handles to remove the chassis may be generally preferable with any chasis for affixing the chassis 2 to the rack 98 along each side 114. Spacer 112 may be the height of only a single chassis, of the rack mounting portions 114 or somewhere in between. In this way, it will be possible to produce longer chassis and still maintain the advantageous backspace 106 as otherwise possible such as described below.
The goal of providing longer chassis for use with a standard rack can be accomplished with the inventive chassis in other manners. As shown in FIG. 2E, brackets 116 attachable to the chassis itself that may be set back or offset from the face 18 of the unit in order to provide a chassis position which is pushed forward from the norm. Here brackets 116 are provided with holes 118 with which to mount the chassis to the rack sides 114. Depending on the depth of offset 120 of each bracket 116, or how far back the brackets 116 are located on the chassis body 4, it is possible to advance the front of the chassis a significant amount out the front of the rack so as to be able to provide a lengthy chassis which may still be mounted back-to-back with other chassis (of similar or different configuration) as described herein.
Yet another manner to accomplish the same goal is to provide an integral flange or interface section 36 configured like that of the bracket 116 so it provides an area for attachment set back from the face 18 of the chassis. Such an interface section 36 will provide the desired forward offset 120 to enable back-to-back placement of longer chassis than otherwise possible in a standard rack without the use of spacers 112 or the like.
Another advantageous feature that may be utilized in the present invention to include a face plate 122 for use with the chassis. Such a face plate 122 as shown in FIG. 2E may be used with any variation of the invention. The face plate 122 will typically include ventilation holes 124 to allow cooling air or other gas to pass through. In a preferred variation, the ventilation holes span most of the face of the piece. Optimally, the face plate 122 is connected to the chassis by a hinged interface. However, any slip fit, friction fit or snap fit to the front of the chassis will suffice. At least one side of the face plate will be left open so that cables, wires and like connected to the front of a computer assembled according to the present invention can be routed out the open area(s) to connect to such components as required for the computer to serve in a network. Preferably, both sides are open to accommodate the dual wire/cable column configuration for power and data cables, respectively, as discussed above.
While any of the variations of the chassis described herein may make use of the face plate 122, only higher-end models will use a separate bezel 126. In this variation of the invention (and in like variations of differing height vent configuration, baffle configuration, etc.), the bezel 126, once connected, forms part of the chassis body 4. In the variation shown, one or more common fasteners attach each bracket 116 and the bezel 126 to the sides 128 of the chassis body 4.
An advantage of using such a bezel 126 is that it may be customized easily or exchanged for another which is more advantageous for a given computer to be built. In essence, the bezel 126 allows for increased design and marketing flexibility since changes in chassis 2 configuration can be made in a piecemeal fashion. This differs from those variations of the chassis which include an integrally-produced front panel 18.
Regardless of such variations as possible, a preferred commonality between all the configurations of the chassis 2 is the general placement of vents. While some differences are shown between the chassis shown in FIGS. 2A-2E, at least one set of vents 80 is provided in the rear section 82 of the chassis body 4 and another set 84 in the front section 24. Depending on the placement and selection of components with which to build a computer in the inventive chassis 2, the placement of the vents in the rear on the back panel 86 or side panels 38 or 40 may be varied. However, for those aspects of the invention in which venting and the flow of air through the chassis is relevant, some vents will be provided in the front 18 of the chassis 2. Even when not used with other aspects of the present invention, the air flow may travel from the rear section 82 to the front section 24. Alternately, it may travel in the other direction. In fact, direction of air flow may be set depending on the desired effect on the environment and/or condition(s) of the environment. It may even be switchable to account for changing environmental conditions such as variations in the temperature of the site housing the computers due to seasonal climate or the difference in environmental temperatures between day and night or other events.
The advantageous use of air flow through the entire chassis and across heat-generating components is still possible where only one compartment is provided within the chassis 2. While the baffle 12 is often advantageous for isolating compartments for placement of hot-running components and aiding the vents in directing air flow, its use is merely optional. Especially in instances where a removable power supply is provided in a port such as port 42 in the front of the chassis, the advantages of a two-compartment chassis design wanes.
FIG. 3A shows an example of an arrangement in which use of a removable power supply would be particularly advantageous. In this variation of the invention, a computer module 88 is built in accordance with that shown and described in FIG. 3B utilizing a chassis with front access for components, except a redundant two-socket power module (not shown) is provided. Placed at the back of unit 88 is an "array" or "RAID" module 90 including a number of data drives 44. Together the modules 88 and 90 form a powerful system 92 optimized for space and accessibility.
In such a configuration, the computer module 88 need not include a hard drive. In the array module 90, any number or type of drive(s), including those discussed above may be provided in either hard-wired or swappable configurations. Drives which require accessibility when the modules 88 and 90 are mounted back-toback are accommodated by ports in the array 90 chassis on the outwardly-facing side. In this specialized variation of the invention, a port for a connector 94, such as a SCSI interface, is provided in the rear of each unit 88 and 90. Optimally, connector ports 136 and 138 will be at the bottom of each piece so units of differing height may still interface with one another.
A more typical application of the inventive chassis is shown in FIG. 3B. Here, full computers 96 built with the chassis 2 are provided in a back-to-back configuration. Preferably they are hooked up in the manner of a farm. Generally, no connections will run between the units as with the computer system 92 discussed above. This is, however, possible. It will be advantageous particularly where power is shared over an interface 94 between computers 96 in FIG. 3A. This enables swapping out a removable power supply such as that which may be provided in port 42 while maintaining power to each computer 96.
It is preferred that back-to-back pairs of computers 96 (whether connected or not) are mounted in a standard rack 98 in one layer after another as shown in FIG. 4. They may be mounted to the rack on slides (not shown), by integral interface sections 36 ,brackets 116 as alternately described above or otherwise. When no slide is used, it is preferred to place strips of adhesive TEFLON tape 100 or the like on the surface of at least one computer under or above another. While the chassis 2 are sufficiently strong and the assembled units light enough to be self-supporting when bolted into a rack, the tape 100 takes up space to provide support and makes sliding a unit out from a rack for service more convenient.
The rack shown in FIG. 4 will hold up to 40 computers 96 built with the 2U inventive chassis. As alluded to above, this is because the use of the chassis in a back-to-back configuration permits the doubling of the number of computers that may be stored in a standard rack. Of course, when utilizing chassis according to the present invention of different heights, this ratio changes. To do this, (unless using spacers 112 or offset mounting brackets 116 or interface portions 36), regardless of the height of the chassis 2 the depth of the chassis 102 must be less than half the available depth 104 of the rack in order to stack computers two deep. Without the use of specialized mounting configurations, preferably the chassis depth 102 is less than 15 inches (38 cm) when configured for a 30 inch (76 cm) deep rack.
In a most preferred variation of the invention, the depth of the chassis 2 is even less. For use in a standard 30 inch deep rack, the chassis depth 102 is 13.5 to 14.5 inches deep (34 to 37 cm). This is so because when a sufficient number of computers are placed back-to-back in a rack as contemplated in the present invention, an advantageous optional back space 106 between about 1 to 6 inches, preferably about 1 to 3 inches is formed behind the computers. When side panels 108 are provided on the rack 98, the back space 106 is complemented by side space 110 between the sides of the computers 38, 40 and the rack side panels 108 to form an H-shaped space. The space behind the computers may, however, be cordoned off to leave only a rectangular volume if desired.
When back-connected units such as array modules 90 and computer modules 88 or 96 are used in combination in a rack 108, they are also preferably configured in this manner to define (preferably with other computers, of one height or another, as described in the present invention) such channels or spaces. The back-to-back connection between the units will not significantly hinder the functionality provided by the air space. However, it is highly undesirable to have the air space cluttered by other structure such as cables, cords and the like. This is why the front-access configurations of the inventive chassis are advantageously used in conjunction with providing an air space between computer modules within a rack 98 or other enclosure as might be used.
As mentioned above, the space provided between computer modules may be advantageously used in a number of ways. For instance, as illustrated in FIG. 5 a positive airflow as optionally indicated from above, below or in both directions, may be provided to the space. Providing a measure of gas pressure will tend to force air through vents 80 in the units defining the space as indicated. If enough pressure is provided, it would be possible, in principle, to provide computers without fans.
However, the primary intent in providing air under pressure to the back space 106 and/or side space 110 is to assist the fans or to provide a measure of redundancy so that if one or more fans fail that the air pressure maintains some level of flow within the computer chassis. Such a backup can provide a technician the time cushion needed before a system overheats (in order to take the computer off-line or out of the network or farm for repairs) before vital componentry is burnt up.
Even where forced air is not provided, the air mass may be cooled. By drawing cooled air through the individual computers past hot-running components, improved cooling will result. Most preferably, however, forced and cooled air, such as standard air conditioning (HVAC) is provided with a compounding of benefits resulting.
Another benefit of providing a controlled flow of air in the back space 106 and/or side space 110 to pass through the computers and be vented out the front as indicated in FIG. 5 is the opportunity to provide filtered air to the air intakes of the computers. This will control the accumulation of harmful dust in the machines. Additionally, lower power consumption costs may result for a site housing many computers utilizing the cooling features of the invention. Efficient application of cooled air to power-intensive components is possible with the advantages of this aspect of the present invention.
It is noted that the cooling features of the present invention discussed above should do still more than save energy and space to benefit the bottom line for the parties making use of them. It should also provide welcome relief for those who work at a co-location site that has fully-adopted the new form factor offered by the present invention since it will not be necessary to keep the entire environment at frigid levels in order to keep the computers present within running acceptably.
Sometimes, however, it will be preferable to reverse the airflow from the back-to-front airflow as variously shown in FIG. 5 to front-to-back airflow as variously shown in FIG. 6. As such, air travels from the environment, through the front of the computers, into the backspace 106 and/or sidespace 110 and out of the rack 98. A vent in the form of a hood enclosure or plenum 130 optionally including fan(s) 146 may be provided to exhaust air heated by components within the computer to the exterior of the site at which the computers are located via ductwork or independently. Irrespective of its structure, in this variation of the invention, the vent 130 may be passive or utilize a partial vacuum generated by a fan or by some other means. Preferably, the air is exhausted from inside the rack 98 in an upward direction to take advantage of the buoyancy exhibited by heated air. It is, however, possible to vent the air from below or from above and below simultaneously.
When higher velocities of air are reached within the channel formed between the components placed back-to-back within the rack 98, a venture effect will increasingly assist in drawing air through the machines from the environment in which they are housed. This effect may be best accomplished by top and bottom venting of the rack.
Reasons for providing sets of computers utilizing front-to-back airflow into and out of the common space 106 and/or 110 include, but are not limited to, maintaining an acceptable overall temperature of the environment in which the computers are housed, controlling environmental cooling or air-conditioning costs and providing a self-contained unit that may be individually vented so as to avoid contribution to an overall heating problem of a facility or exacerbating heating problems of nearby, less-robust systems by blowing hot air in their direction. To aid in providing a discrete system which will not contribute to overall heating problems at a site, further isolation of the system may be accomplished by providing insulation at, along or within the sides of the rack 98 and/or at any optional door(s) provided.
As similarly possible with the present invention when set up for back-to-front cooling flow, with front-to-back cooling flow the effect of loss of fan(s) in a computer may be minimized. Provision of partial vacuum within backspace 106 and/or sidespace 110 will insure a continued draw of air into a computer if fans fail, thereby providing a measure of redundancy; it will also generally assist the fans in providing air flow through the chassis 2 when everything is working properly.
Regardless of which flow direction is chosen (or if there is switching between the flow directions), advantageous flow across heat-generating components which must be cooled is possible with the present invention. Generating directional flow of cooling gas through the computer chassis from one side to another according to the present invention avoids recirculation or cavitation of already heated air that hinders cooling as typically occurs with other computers.
Further details as to the use or other aspects of the system described herein may be drawn from the background that is intended to form part of the present invention. It is noted that this invention has been described and specific examples or variations of the invention have been portrayed. The use of those specific examples is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Additionally, to the extent that there are variations of the invention which are within the spirit of the disclosure and are equivalent to features found in the claims, it is the intent that the claims cover those variations as well. All equivalents are considered to be within the scope of the claimed invention, even those which may not have been set forth herein merely for the sake of relative brevity. Also, the various aspects of the invention described herein, in any manner, may be modified and/or used in combination with such other aspects also described to be part of the invention either explicitly, implicitly or inherently in order to form variations considered to be part of the invention.
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Memories of Maui
We miss you Mau Mau! Such a blessing you were - wish you could still be here with us. We know you have a special place in kitty heaven and that we will see you again someday. See you at the Rainbow Bridge. Look for us because we'll be looking for you!! We Love You Always and Forever. Love, Momma Food and Daddy Heat
Maui's People Parent(s), Jill and Jeff, would appreciate knowing you have visited their Maui's Memorial Residency.
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|Rainbow Bridge Guardian Area
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Rainbow Bridge was inspired by and is dedicated to FiFi
Visit the Human side of Rainbow Bridge - BelovedHearts.com
Visit the Human side of Rainbow Bridge - BelovedHearts.com


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We have a little camp in the Adirondacks and later this week the night time temps will be in the mid-20s. Then it will go back to the high 30's. We hoped to stay there this upcoming weekend. Will the pipes and water pump (water comes from the river) freeze in a 2-day cold snap? Must we dismantle everything now? Is there a temporary solution we could do tonight? Thanks for your help!
Sorry for the delayed response. Depending on your setup and how well your camp is insulated, a couple of days of mid-20s shouldn't be a problem. You can always leave cabinet doors open to keep the pipes as warm as possible. How did everything work out? Did you have a mess to clean up when you arrived?
Emily HareEditorial AssistantCabin Life magazine


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Ford Focus WTCC Limited Edition road car revealed
Will be available globally
World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) race team Arena has unveiled their new Ford Focus WTCC Limited Edition.
Based on the Focus Zetec S, the special edition features a Frost White exterior with blue racing stripes inspired by the WTCC race car. There's also privacy glass, a stainless steel sports exhaust system and 18-inch Rimstock Pro Race wheels with Yokohama Advan Sport tires.
Interior changes are relatively minor but include carbon fiber trim, special floor mats and unique sill plates.
Power is provided by a 1.6-liter EcoBoost four-cylinder engine that has been equipped with a Mountune MP200 upgrade package. This enables the mill to produce 202 HP (149 kW) and 320 Nm (236 lb-ft) of torque.
The Focus WTCC Limited Edition will be available globally, but there's no word on pricing yet.
New Ford Focus WTCC Limited Edition road car launched in Macau
World Touring Car Championship (WTCC) race team Arena today unveiled a Limited Edition road car version of their Team Aon WTCC racing Ford Focus. The new Ford Focus WTCC has been designed by Arena to celebrate the team's first season in the WTCC.
The car is endorsed by the FIA WTCC and also enjoys the benefit of a Ford warranty that includes the specially upgraded engine. The striking looking car is finished in Ford's Artic White and comes complete with the very same 'foundation' decals that appear on the WTCC racers including the now traditional navy blue racing stripes, first made famous by the late Carroll Shelby in the early 1960's.
Under the bonnet, the car features a 1.6 turbocharged EcoBoost engine that has been upgraded by Arena's race engine partner Mountune Performance to deliver 202 ps and will sit on Team Dynamics alloys identical to those on the racing car with Yokohama low profile tyres fitted as standard. A Mountune Performance developed short-shift gear change and a Powerflow exhaust also feature on this exciting car.
Attention has also been paid to the interior of the Focus WTCC Limited Edition with carbon fibre featured on the centre console, main control panel and sill kick plates.
The Focus WTCC Limited Edition will be offered for sale globally with a limited run worldwide planned. A good level of interest has already been expressed in the car and negotiations are in hand with a number of parties for an allocation of cars for various territories.
Arena is a wholly owned company within the British-based Capsicum Motorsport Group headed by leading insurance entrepreneur Grahame Chilton with Rupert Swallow as Managing Director.
Marcello Lotti, General Manager of the FIA WTCC said, "I like this project, because it is a new marketing tool that may be used to promote the brand, the product on sale to the general public and also the championship."
"We are very pleased with the fact that Arena has committed to build a limited edition of the Ford Focus WTCC road cars. Especially because previous similar initiatives undertaken have been successful with the fans, although they were limited to the European market, while this one will benefit from a global distribution."
Mike Earle, Team Principal Arena added, "I am thrilled that the FIA WTCC has endorsed the new Focus WTCC Limited Edition road car. Hot hatch car enthusiasts I think are in for a huge treat with the Focus WTCC Limited Edition. It is a project that has more than delivered on every target we set for it when we sat down and drew up our aims for a road car based on the WTCC contender."
One driver who has already experienced the thrills of the Focus WTCC is Tom Chilton, WTCC racing driver who added, "I was one of the first people to drive the Focus WTCC Limited Edition and even had the opportunity to take it round the famous Brands Hatch race circuit in the UK. It was fantastic, the handling was sharp and precise and the level of performance from the engine thanks to Mountune's upgraded engine is amazing.
"I think it's a stunning car to look at – a real head turner. Everyone who has seen it and spoken to me has said they love it and want one too!"
Rupert Swallow, Managing Director of Capsicum is happy with the reaction the car has provoked so far, "Since we took the decision to build the Focus WTCC Limited Edition I have been delighted by the reaction the car has received from all those who either seen it or heard about it. Even Tom (Chilton) was only supposed to have it for one day, but somehow he managed to hang onto it for a second to take it round Brands Hatch!
"We are already in negotiation with a number of parties for cars for various countries and of course, we welcome approaches from others who may be interested in securing an allocation too.
"There are many parties and individuals involved in the Focus WTCC Limited Edition road car project and all have worked hard over recent months to bring it to fruition. However, on behalf of Capsicum Motorsport I would like to mention one or two and express my particular gratitude to the FIA WTCC, Eurosport Events, and to David Mountain of Arena's race engine partner, Mountune Performance. Without their invaluable advice and encouragement the road car project would still be a dream."
Specification of the Ford Focus WTCC Limited Edition
Base car : Ford Focus Zetec S 5-door hatchback finished in Frost White with privacy glass, enhanced with World Touring Car Replica Stripe Kit and Replica Decals
Engine : Ford 1.6 turbocharged 'EcoBoost' engine with Mountune MP200 Engine Upgrade producing 202ps / 320Nm torque
Gearbox : Manual 6 Speed with Mountune Short Shift Gear Selector
Wheels : Rimstock Pro Race 1.3 18" x 8.5 with WTCC centre caps
Tyres : 235/40/ZR18 Yokohama Advan Sport
Exhaust : Stainless Steel Powerflow CAT back rear silencer and tail pipe
Interior: Carbon Fibre-look Centre Console
Focus WTCC Mats & Boot Liner
Focus WTCC Sill Kick Plate
Focus WTCC Key Fob
Focus WTCC Tax Disc Holder


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@Branthog said:
@ck1nd said:
@Branthog: Exercise a little discipline and calm down. I, for one, am excited to play another Gears of War addition and I shouldn't be made to feel like I have to wait a decade to do so. If you don't want to support GoW:J, just ignore it and play what you want. This sort of negativity is childish.
Suggesting the age-old house frau platitude toward kindergarten children throughout the ages to not say anything if you can't say anything nice is what's childish. How meaningless it would be if the entire point of being an enthusiast of things and discussing them online was only to blow smoke up their ass, without any critical or negative points?
It's an entirely relevant point of critical complaint to be fed-up with everything becoming a franchise and then that franchise being milked to shit in very blatant and shameless iterations, until people stop buying into it. Where it takes discipline is in saying "we've told our story, now it's time to move on to something else". If the story has been told, it's time to do something else. If the mechanics of the series are fun and enjoyable, apply them to another story. Life is too short to just keep putting out, say, Star Wars for a living.
Gears was done with the third game. They told their story. Time to move on. Unless you're just cynically milking the stupid audience of gamers that will constantly throw you money, until you've finally worn your baby down to something that is a xerox of a xerox of a xerox and everyone has finally become tired of it. And then doesn't remember your series as the awesome game with a great story to tell, but that exhausted piece of shit with no integrity. Assassin's Creed has done the same thing, though differently. They were set for a trilogy. A story to tell and be completed in three games. Instead, it has been five and is looking to be more (and annually, a that) and they've played around with the numbering so as to still claim it is "a trilogy". Same goes for Halo, which told its story at least a game ago.
The same goes for television. Babylon 5 had a five year story arc and the whole story was known from day-one. RIght down to knowing what the final scene of the final episode of the final season would look like. And they stuck to it. Counter that with, say, Sons of Anarchy. A show that was great and could have had a succinct story to tell within a few seasons, but meandered back and forth and globe-trotted needlessly. Then should have come to a great close in the fifth season, a couple weeks ago. Instead -- like so many shows and video games -- it has been renewed for a sixth season and probably (as I understand it) a seventh. It is making money, so let's just keep milking the ever-loving shit out of it until people stop watching and don't give a fuck about it.
Once you've told your story, move on. Spitting out a half dozen games beyond that (a very Lucas thing to do, of course) is a very cynical and lazy thing to do. It says "we want the money too much to kill our darling and we're too lazy to risk doing something new and since gamers are too stupid to demand something new and creative, we'll just keep putting out this same line until the diminishing returns have made it unprofitable".
And while game development isn't necessarily a zero-sum game, it does have certain built-in limitations for investment production. No wonder Cliffy moved the fuck on from Gears. He's probably exhausted from the same constant bullshit. Same with the guy from Assassin's Creed. And the Bioware guys. The companies (and publisher) want to keep milking those tits while the creative minds behind them have spent their wad on that topic and are ready to do something more. But publishers are shying ever-more away from the risk of development new content and (even have publicly stated) are just going to keep spitting out existing "IP". Fucking cynical. (And that's going to hurt, in the long run, when their garden goes bare, because they have been focusing on the fruit they've already picked at the cost of maintaining and fertilizing their garden so they'll have something to eat after the fruit has rotted).
They're fucking cynical.
This applies to all franchises, including the ones I like (which would include Assassin's Creed, Gears of War, and so on).
On the other hand, take your own advice -- if you don't like my negative critique of a game or industry, just ignore it and read other comments. Or . . . actually . . . don't. Because it's entirely reasonable and valid for people to express contradicting viewpoints and criticism, both negative and positive. Both in judgement of the cynical money-grabbing of running franchises into the ground as long as you can and in supporting them. Because, you know, this isn't kindergarten.
Well said, but I'm doubtful that it'll gain much traction. I've never been around a larger group of people who have shown more disdain and ridicule towards discriminating tastes than I have in this community. I know the general sentiment extends beyond GB, but it's still no less irritating running into these people who couldn't be more content not giving a damn, meanwhile they're just as complicit in driving down the quality, it's just that they're too stupid to realize.
Must be nice to live in a world where everything is an anecdote to your meaningless, bumbling existence... Meanwhile, the rest of us our breaking our goddamn backs over here.


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Vegan: Garbanzos con Espinacas y Jengibre (Spanish Chickpea and Spinach Stew with Ginger)
This chickpea and spinach stew is based off of the garbanzos con espinacas that I used to make with Chef John Critchley over at Toro in Boston. It's about as classic a Spanish bar snack as there ever was and you'll find it all over Spain flavored with everything from smoky chorizo and rich morcilla (blood sausage) to simpler preparations served with nothing but a spritz of bright vinaigre de Jerez. More


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Weekend Political Wrap-Up
1. Scott Walker's victory in the recall doesn't guarantee a Mitt Romney win in Wisconsin -- at first glance, the exit polls suggest the voters are still leaning toward Barack Obama by a decent margin -- but it suggests it is possible. It also suggests limits to the unions' get-out-the-vote efforts and a divide between public sector and private sector union members that could be problematic for Obama nationally.
2. Speaking of that divide, Obama was forced to backtrack last week when he suggested that the private sector was doing just fine. Republicans swiftly pounced on the comment, which echoed John McCain's confident assurances that the fundamentals of the economy were strong right before the financial meltdown and makes the president appear out of touch. But it also opens up another line of attack for Romney: most of Obama's ideas for creating jobs, including the jobs bill the GOP stands accused of obstructing, grow the public sector rather than the private sector.
3. I'll have more to say about this later, but Rand Paul's Romney endorsement is the latest example that he is tactically very different from his father. Ron Paul refused to endorse the Republican nominee in 2008 and initially urged his supporters to back any of three antiwar third party candidates before settling on Constitution Party nominee Chuck Baldwin. It's not clear that the elder Paul will endorse Romney this year either. Rand's endorsement has angered many Ron Paul voters, but it positions him well in the broader party. It could also keep some votes in the Republican column that might otherwise go to Libertarian Party nominee Gary Johnson.
4. Obama's private versus public sector comments also show that he isn't likely to do much to address the fiscal crisis in his second term. As a Keynesian, he clearly believes that government cutting is bad for the economy.
5. Democrats are increasingly concerned about the special election to replace Gabby Giffords, to be held Tuesday. Republican Jesse Kelly, a former Marine who lost to Giffords in 2010, has a decent chance to beat Democrat Ron Barber, a former district director for Giffords who was shot in the attack on the congresswoman.
6. Already on the defensive about his nanny state soda regulations, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg defended his stop and frisk program from the pulpit of a black church this morning.
7. American Spectator writers were well represented at the Future of Journalism Summit in Providence, Rhode Island this weekend. Senior editors Quin Hillyer and John Fund were discussion panelists, and Fund was one of the main speakers at the awards dinner in honor of Andrew Breitbart. AmSpec alum Phil Klein took home the Breitbart award for best reporter. It was a good event. Netroots Nation took place across town.
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SARU runs five amateur provincial competitions each year to give the country's best club players a representative platform. The northern, central and southern unions each have their own Amateur Provincial Competition week, while there are also two Sub-Union Weeks – divided into North and South – to allow players from predominantly platteland-based clubs to represent their province.
The last of the Amateur Provincial Weeks, for central unions, reaches the semi-final stage in the KwaZulu-Natal town of Newcastle on Wednesday, with the eight sides competing for a Cup and Plate at the Arbor Park fields. The tournament ends on Friday.
The Sub-Union Week for southern unions also reaches the do-or-die stage on Wednesday in the KZN South Coast town of Margate, with the eight sides competing for a place in Friday's Cup and Plate finals at the Ugu Sport & Leisure Centre grounds.
The two tournaments, hosted by the KZNRU and its Northern KZN and Southern KZN Sub-Unions, is the culmination of a month of amateur provincial action from around the country.
Last week, Western Province were crowned Amateur Provincial South champions when they beat hosts SWD 58-20 in the final played in Oudtshoorn.
WP's successful defence of their title came a week after the Golden Lions beat hosts the Leopards 38-29 in corresponding Week for northern unions, held in Potchefstroom.
Last month, Pumas Lowveld surprised friend and foe alike when they were crowned Sub-Union champions of the northern provinces after beating hosts the Griffons 36-32 in the final played at the North West Stadium in Welkom.
SARU Amateur Provincial Week (Central unions), Newcastle:
Day 1 results:
Griquas Central 36-19 Free State Platteland
Free State 17-25 Griffons Platteland
KZN Duikers 19-16 Griquas Platteland
Griffons 15-22 KZN Wildebeest Platteland
Wednesday's semi-final fixtures:
10h00: Free State Platteland vs Griffons (Plate)
11h40: Free State vs Griquas Platteland (Plate)
13h20: Griquas Central vs KZN Wildebeest Platteland (Cup)
15h00: Griffons Platteland vs KZN Duikers (Cup)
SARU Sub-Union Week (Southern unions), Margate:
Day 1 results:
SWD 47-3 Griquas
EP 15-17 Free State
WP Disas 62-0 Border
KZN Wildebeest XV 16-31 Boland
Wednesday's semi-final fixtures:
14h20: Griquas vs KZN Wildebeest XV (Plate)
16h00: EP vs Border (Plate)
17h40: SWD vs Boland (Cup)
19h20: Free State vs WP Disas


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You can indicate the ring size, special gift wrapping or any other request to the designer at checkout.
Ships with
DHL Express: 2 - 5 days from dispatch.
The ear wires and crocheted element are made of 14k gold filled, the crystals are original Swarovski glass.
Swarovski crystal size : 12mm (0.47inch )
The Smoky Rose Swarovski design is inspired by the unique smoky shade of the crystals, a unique combination of vintage and new , whats more fashionable then this.
A smoky rose crystal swarovski set in a crocheted gold filled wire bezel.
The swarovski crystal has a marvelous color and a unique round - square vintage shape.
This design is a perfect gift for yourself or for others :)
My wire crochet earrings are made in my unique technique that combines wire crochet and wire knitting, it is called ISK, invisible spool knitting.
This design has a matching pendant necklace,
its available in other shades as well.
"I purchased these earrings for my mother, and she just loves them! Beautiful earrings, fast shipping, great customer service; thank you Yoola!"
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DHL Express: 2 - 5 days from dispatch.


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Videos of Naomi's appearance on The Katie Couric Show
Dec 28th 2012 • by Jess • No Comments • The Impossible, TV Appearances, Videos
Videos of Naomi, Ewan and Maria Belon's appearance on The Katie Couric Show have now been posted online, and you can watch the 3 parts below. It's a really interesting interview and I loved seeing the 3 of them together on the show.
I will add screencaptures to our Gallery asap.


text: Healthy Recipes Chicken and Bean Slow-Cook Burritos Recipe E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now! Quick Info: Servings Contains Wheat/Gluten Contains Dairy Nutritional Info (Per serving): Calories: 293, Saturated Fat: 2g, Sodium: 707mg, Dietary Fiber: 5g, Total Fat: 6g, Carbs: 34g, Cholesterol: 50mg, Protein: 26g Exchanges: Starch: 2, Lean Meat: 3, Fat: 0.5 Carb Choices: 2 Recipe Source: More Diabetic Recipes Prep Time: 5 mins Cook Time: 5 h Ingredients 2 pounds chicken, breast 1 can(s) beans, pinto in chili sauce 1 jar(s) salsa with chipotle chile peppers 12 large tortilla(s), flour, whole-wheat, or plain flour tortilla(s) 1 cup(s) cheese, reduced-fat Monterey Jack lettuce, shredded (optional) tomato(es), chopped (optional) sour cream, light or fat-free, (optional) Recipe Tip: Cook 5 to 6 hours (low), or 2 1/2 to 3 hours (high). Preparation 1. In a 3 1/2-quart slow cooker combine chicken and undrained beans. Pour salsa over all.2. Cover and cook on low-heat setting for 5 to 6 hours or on high-heat setting for 2 1/2 to 3 hours.3. Using a slotted spoon, transfer chicken to a cutting board. Using 2 forks, gently separate the chicken into thin shreds. Using a potato masher, mash beans slightly in cooker. Return chicken to slow cooker, stirring to mix.4. Divide chicken mixture evenly among the warmed tortillas. Top with cheese. Fold bottom edge of each tortilla up and over filling; fold in opposite sides just until they meet. Roll up from the bottom. If necessary, secure with toothpicks. If desired, serve with lettuce, tomatoes, and/or sour cream. E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now!