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Sandusky Rules
This page presented and will be updated as events develop!
- Report: Pa. child agency opens Sandusky cases
- Report: Paterno resisted player discipline
- Sandusky's lawyer anticipates more charges
- Bradley would like coaching job full-time
- Ex-FBI director to lead Penn State probe
- Penn St. reports additional 2000 assault
- CEO: Second Mile examining its options
- New athletic director sets 'core values' goal
- Penn State trustees hire law firm
- Lawyer: Client will testify to sex abuse
- Source: McQueary stopped alleged assault
- Text of McQueary email
- Sandusky claims innocence in NBC interview
- Review: Paterno pension could top $500K
- Senator seeks hearing in wake of scandal
- Drehs: No easy answers for McQueary
- CEO of Sandusky's Second Mile charity quits
- Drehs: Fans had difficult balancing act
- McQueary placed on administrative leave
- Lawyer: Legal teams may use loophole
- Top recruit decommits, citing scandal
- McQueary may have whistle-blower status
- Merrill: No one, it seems, knows Sandusky
- Lawyer: Victims could become scapegoats
- Paterno, Spanier fired from Penn State
- Angry students flood streets | Surreal
- Parent: School could've prevented abuse
- Key players in Penn State saga | Timeline
- PDF: Sandusky grand jury transcript
- Statement from Lou Holtz
- Penn State blog coverage | Podcast
The Penn State Scandal, Piece by Piece
Lastest Update: Nov. 15 – Sandusky denies wrongdoing »
The sexual abuse scandal that has shaken Penn State has a host of characters and a history that spans decades. In this interactive, you can explore the timeline of the case and focus on the people involved.
Below are the major events in chronological order. On the left, you can sort the events of the scandal by the people who were involved in them.
Sources: Pennsylvania Attorney General's office; grand jury presentment in investigation of sexual abuse charges against Jerry Sandusky; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Penn State University; the Associated Press. Interactive by Chris Kirk. More on the Penn State Scandal.
Jerry Sandusky
Jerry Sandusky starts his coaching career at Penn State as a defensive line coach.
A sign outside the Second Mile headquarters in State College
Sandusky founds The Second Mile. It begins as a group foster home dedicated to helping troubled boys and grows into a charity dedicated to helping children with absent or dysfunctional families. In the 90s, the program becomes a means for Sandusky to sexually abuse boys.
Boy known as Victim 7 meets Sandusky through The Second Mile at about the age of 10. The boy regularly sleeps at Sandusky's house on Friday nights before home games and attends those games with him. When he stays at Sandusky's house, Sandusky sometimes cuddles with him. They work out and shower together regularly.
Boy known as Victim 6 meets Sandusky at a Second Mile picnic at Spring Creek Park when he is 7 or 8 years old.
Boy known as Victim 5 meets Sandusky through The Second Mile when he is 7 or 8, in second or third grade. He attends several football games with Sandusky. Once, Sandusky takes him to the locker rooms and, after briefly exercising, said that they needed to shower. Uncomfortable, Victim 5 chooses a shower far away from Sandusky's. Sandusky begins to molest him, but the boy leaves the shower and gets dressed. Sandusky never touches him again and stops inviting him to football games.
Sandusky singles out Victim 4, then 12 or 13, during the boy's second year in The Second Mile. Sandusky molested the boy several times in the showers at Penn State, in hotel rooms at the Toftrees Golf Resort and Conference Center in Centre County, where the football team and staff stayed before home football games.
Victim 4 is listed, along with Sandusky's wife, as a member of Sandusky's family party for the 1998 Outback Bowl.
Sandusky takes Victim 6 to the gym when he is 11 years old. After working out, Sandusky persuades the boy to shower with him. While they shower, Sandusky hugs the boy. When Sandusky drops Victim 6 at home, his hair is still wet. His mother finds out that Sandusky showered with her son. She reports the incident to the university police, who investigate.
"I understand. I was wrong. I wish I could get forgiveness. I know I won't get it from you. I wish I were dead."
Sandusky to Victim 6's mother, according to Schreffler's testimony
1998 – May 13
According to Detective Ronald Schreffler's testimony, he and State College Police Department Detective Ralph Ralston, with the consent of the mother of Victim 6, eavesdrop on two conversations the mother of Victim 6 has with Sandusky. Sandusky says he has showered with other boys. When she asks if Sandusky touched her son's genitals, he says, "I don't think so…maybe." The mother tries to make Sandusky promise never to shower with a boy again, but he refuses. She tells Sandusky that he cannot see her son anymore.
According to the testimony of Jerry Lauro, an investigator with the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, he and Schreffler interviewed Sandusky, and Sandusky admits to showering naked with Victim 6, to hugging Victim 6 while in the shower and that it was wrong. Schreffler advises Sandusky not to shower with a boy again. Sandusky says he will not. The case is closed after then-Centre County District Attorney Ray Gricar decides there will be no criminal charge.
Sandusky at the Alamo Bowl game against Texas A&M on Dec. 28, 1999
1999 – December
Victim 4 is listed, along with Sandusky's wife, as a member of Sandusky's family party for the 1998 Outback Bowl and 1999 Alamo Bowl. When Victim 4 resists his sexual advances, Sandusky threatens to send the boy home from the Alamo Bowl.
Jerry Sandusky with Joe Paterno in 1999
1999 – January
Sandusky retires from Penn State but still holds emeritus status. He remained affiliated with The Second Mile.
Boy known as Victim 3 meets Sandusky through The Second Mile when he is between seventh and eighth grade. Sandusky invites him to go places with him, such as his house, football games and the gym. At the gym, Sandusky and Victim 3 would exercise and shower together, and in the shower Sandusky would pat him, rub the boy's shoulders, wash his hair and give him bear hugs. When staying at Sandusky's house, Sandusky would rub his shoulders, blow on his stomach, tickle him, and touch his genitals through his shorts.
Jim said he had "fought in the [Korean] war…seen people with their guts blowed out, arms dismembered…I just witnessed something in there I'll never forget."
The presentment
A janitor named James Calhoun observes Sandusky in the showers of the Lasch Football Building on campus with a boy, known as Victim 8, pinned up against the wall, performing oral sex on the boy. Calhoun, deeply disturbed, approaches his janitorial coworkers in tears and tells them what he saw. The employees fear they may lose their jobs if they report the incident but persuade Calhoun to tell Jay Witherite, Calhoun's immediate supervisor. Witherite tells him to whom he should report the incident. Calhoun was a temporary employee and never makes a report.
Mike McQueary
2002 – March
Mike McQueary, then a Penn State grad assistant, enters the locker room at the Lasch Football Building. In the showers, he sees a naked boy, known as Victim 2, whose age he estimates to be 10 years old, being subjected to anal intercourse by a naked Sandusky. McQueary immediately tells his father, who advises him to inform Coach Joe Paterno.
Tim Curley, former Penn State athletic director
2002 – March
McQueary tells Paterno that he saw Sandusky molest a young boy. Paterno relays the story to Athletic Director Tim Curley.
Gary Schultz, former Penn State senior vice president for finance and business
2002 – March
Later in the month, Curley and Senior Vice President for Finance and Business Gary Schultz call McQueary to a meeting, where McQueary tells them he saw Sandusky sexually assault the boy. Curley and Schultz say they will investigate the matter.
Years later, Curley testifies during the grand jury investigation that McQueary did not describe Sandusky's conduct as sexual but merely "horsing around." Schultz testifies that he got the impression of sexual misconduct but not anal intercourse, but adds that he and Curley "had no indication that a crime had occurred." The grand jury determined both of these claims to be materially false statements.
2002 – March
Curley and Schultz agree to prohibit Sandusky from bringing any Second Mile children into the football building, a ban that Curley later describes in his testimony as unenforceable. Curley reports the incident to the executive director of The Second Mile, Jack Raykovitz.
Spanier in 2001
Curley informs University President Graham Spanier of the incident with victim 2, and Spanier approves of barring Sandusky from bringing boys into the locker room. According to Spanier's testimony, Curley does not tell him that Sandusky had sexually abused the victim but had rather been merely "horsing around" in the shower.
2005 – March
Boy known as Victim 1 says that he meets Sandusky through The Second Mile at age 11 or 12.
During the 2007 track season, Sandusky begins spending time with Victim 1 weekly, having him stay overnight at his residence in College Township, Pa., and taking him to professional and college sporting events. Sandusky began regularly molesting the boy when he stayed over, performing oral sex on him more than 20 times through 2007 and early 2008.
When Victim 1 enters his freshman year at Central Valley High School in Clinton County, he stops seeing Sandusky. Victim 1's mother finds out about the sexual assaults and calls the school to report them. Sandusky is barred from the school district attended by Victim 1 from that day forward and the matter is reported to authorities as mandated by law. Her report leads to an investigation into Sandusky.
After Sandusky sexually assaults boys through The Second Mile for more than 15 years, Victim 1's mother reports the sexual assault of her son and the boy tells police of Sandusky's assaults, prompting the Pennsylvania attorney general to begin an investigation.
2010 – September
Sandusky retires from day-to-day involvement with The Second Mile, saying he wants to spend more time with family and handle personal matters.
Jerry Sandusky
2011 – November 5
Sandusky is arrested and released on $100,000 bail after being arraigned on 40 criminal counts.
Pennsylvania Attorney General Linda Kelly
2011 – November 7
Pennsylvania Attorney General Linda Kelly says Paterno is not a target of the investigation of how the school handled the accusations. But she refuses to say the same for University President Graham Spanier.
2011 – November 7
Curley and Schultz, who have stepped down from their positions, surrender on charges that they failed to alert police to complaints against Sandusky.
Joe Paterno
2011 – November 7
Calls for an ouster of Paterno and Spanier grow in state and beyond. Penn State abruptly cancels Paterno's regular weekly press conference.
2011 – November 9
The Penn States board of trustees fires both Paterno and Spanier, one of the nation's longest-serving college presidents. Earlier in the day, Paterno announced he'd retire at the end of the season. In the end, he didn't have that choice. Penn State students rally and riot in anger over the news.
2011 – November 10
Rod Erickson, iterim president of Penn State, outlines a plan to trustees to "get the university back moving again." The university issues a statement that assistant coach Mike McQueary will not be coaching Saturday's game because of threats that have been made against him. The 32-member board of trustees searches for a new president.
2011 – November 11
Several thousand people gather at Penn State for a candlelight vigil to pray for Sandusky's alleged victims.
Jay Raykovitz, former president and CEO of The Second Mile
2011 – November 14
The president and CEO of The Second Mile, Jack Raykovitz, who has headed the organization for 28 years, steps down.
"Jerry Sandusky is a big overgrown kid."
Sandusky's attorney on NBC News' "Rock Center"
2011 – November 14
Sandusky tells NBC News' "Rock Center" that he is not a pedophile but, in retrospect, should not have showered with the boys he's charged with sexually assaulting. "I enjoy young people, I love to be around them, but, no, I'm not sexually attracted to young boys," Sandusky says.
Sandusky Family Values
As a child who was molested and raped this is near and dear to me, I hate all child molesters period- agentleman
As we try to process all the sordid and unbelievable details of the Jerry Sandusky child sex scandal, it's hard not to wonder what his wife must be going through right now. I can only imagine she is as horrified and shocked as the rest of the world, as most any wife would be. But I also wonder if she is now looking back on the past 15 years and questioning how she couldn't have seen the clues more clearly. We know very little about Dottie Sandusky or the couple's relationship. Yet if you read the grand jury's indictment (not recommended for those with weak stomachs), it's hard to believe that she or one of their six adopted kids or anyone else close to the family didn't suspect something was off with this guy if everything they say about him is true.
Much of Sandusky's grooming (and some of the assaults) of his victims ages 8 to 15 occurred in Sandusky's own home, at family events, or at times and in ways that you'd think any observant family member — or even anyone associated with him — would have surely stopped herself to think, "Hmm, isn't that behavior a little strange?"
This is not a judgement of Dottie Sandusky or her family. Who knows what their relationship is like, what was going on in that house, or the depth of Sandusky's attempts to conceal his true intentions with those boys. But hearing the details of this story, I can't help but consider how I myself would have acted if Sandusky had been my husband. I'd like to think I would have seen the writing on the wall somewhere along the line.
More on Penn State Scandal: Jerry Sandusky Abuse Case Makes Us Wonder About His Own Kids
Clue 1: Several of Sandusky's eight alleged victims had stayed overnight in Sandusky's family's "basement room" on numerous occasions. "Victim 1 (11 or 12 at the time) testified that Sandusky had a practice of coming into the basement after he had told Victim 1 it was time to go to bed." Sandusky would then help the boy crack his back by crawling into bed with him and rolling under the boy so they were face to face and then running his hands up and down the child's back …
I don't know about other wives, but I always have general sense of where my husband is and what he is doing close to bedtime. Either because he tells me, or I just know. If he'd been consistently visiting the boys in the basement at night after lights out, I'd know, and I'd start to get a little concerned, no matter what story I was given as to the reason.
Clue 2: "Victim 4 (12 or 13) often accompanied Sandusky to various charity golf outings and would frequently share accommodations with him on these outings."
Whenever my husband goes away on a trip, I ask for all the details. Not because I think something sordid is going on, just because I relish all the details of his experience — how he slept, what he ate, what he did. No guarantees it would come up, but I would think I would have surely asked about my husband's young guest and what the sleeping arrangements were.
Clue 3: All those cell phone calls. "… attorney general … testified concerning phone records that established 61 phone calls from Sandusky's home phone to Victim 1′s home phone … and 57 calls from Sandusky's cell phone to Victim 1′s home phone."
Um, that's a lot of calls. Even to a troubled kid, as many of Sandusky's supposed victims were. Not sure how it works in other people's homes, but it's kind hard to miss that many calls to the same phone number on the phone bill. It's entirely possible that Sandusky's phone bill was handled through his business or organization, but someone — if not his wife — had to notice that.
More on Penn State Scandal: Only a Coward Sees a Child Being Raped and Does Nothing
Clue 4: Just hanging around young boys so much in general.
Some people in this world are truly altruistic people who love children and want to devote every waking second helping to make their lives better. Not every coach, or teacher, or pastor, or anyone who has a love and interest in a child is a child molester, of course not! But Sandusky has six children of his own — if he was spending so much time with these at-risk children, taking them to games, coaching them at their schools, spending time with them in his home, when did he find the time for his own kids? Did his own kids feel slighted in any way?
I know hindsight is 20-20 but there were just SO many things that seemed very out of place here, over such a long period of time, and as a person with strong intuition, it's just hard to believe that no one in the family or close to it didn't notice anything wrong with this very sick picture and say something.
If all these allegations are true, do you think it's really possible that Sandusky's family was totally in the dark about his activities with young boys spanning 15 years? Do you think you would have seen the signs?
© 2011, agentleman.
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Priorities USA Action, a super PAC backing President Obama's reelection efforts, came out on Sunday with a new ad attacking Bain Capital for what it frames as the firm's mishandling of a steel plant closure.
The web ad features Donnie Box, a former worker at a GST Steel plant, who explains how "Romney and Bain Capital shut this place down."
"They promised us health care packages, they promised to maintain our retirement program. And those were the first two things that disappeared," he said.
He added: "They don't live in this neighborhood. They don't live in this part of the world."
The ad comes as a part of the $7 million ad buy the PAC announced in May, and will run in swing states of Colorado, Florida, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Virginia. Though Bain Capital and Romney's experience as CEO of the firm have largely fallen to the wayside in favor of debates over Obama's handling of the economy -- recently inflamed by Obama's comment that the "private sector is doing fine" -- Priorities USA Action has focused solely on Bain Capital with this ad buy thus far.
One ad, issued in May, featured criticism of Bain Capital issued by a different former GST Steel worker, and another May ad attacked Bain's record with the office supply company Ampad. And a recent memo circulated by the super PAC, reported by Politico, makes the case for focusing on an issue that some have seen as politically risky in recent weeks, as Obama surrogates have strayed from the campaign message on private capital.
"While criticism of Romney's business record may not resonate with elites, it is clearly resonating with the actual voters who will decide this election," Priorities USA strategist Bill Burton wrote in the memo.
But the Romney campaign hasn't forgotten how tricky the Bain issue has become in recent weeks, and, in response to the Priorities USA Action ad, Romney campaign spokeswoman Andrea Saul strove to remind reporters of the fact that not all Democrats agree on the issue.
"President Obama's own supporters – even former President Clinton – have criticized these distorted attacks on free enterprise, calling them 'nauseating' and 'unfair.' Unlike President Obama, Mitt Romney has the record and pro-growth plan to fix the economy and get our country back on the right track," she said in a statement.

subset: commoncrawl


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FBC Pleasant Grove
Tuesday, August 04, 2015
a place to grow
Our mission at the Chandler Family Life Center is to make Christ known and to share God's love daily through Christian recreation. Through our activities ministries we hope to provide recreation and wellness programs for our members, guests, and the community. Our ministries are designed to develop physical, mental, and spiritual wellness, emphasizing good sportsmanship and Christ-like behavior.
Our building facilities include a full basketball court, a game room with ping-pong table, and other games; a cardio area with treadmills, bikes, elliptical stair stepper, wind jammer; a weight room with numerous weight stations, our Fireside Room beautifully decorated for baby, bridal or anniversary teas, a large kitchen for cooking for our banquets, Wednesday night suppers, and 5 classrooms for Sunday School classes, Senior Adult Meeting, Karate Class, Wood Carving Class, Painting Class.
The Chandler Family Life Center is used for both programmed activities and for free play. Programmed activities include, but are not limited to, the following:
Basketball Games, Volleyball Games, Craft Classes, Church-wide Fellowships and Picnics, Children's & Youth Events, Senior Adult Events, Various Other Ministries, The Chandler Family Life Center is a place for caring, sharing, enjoying, working, laughing, learning, playing, teaching, and growing. This facility provides activities for people of all ages.
Cardio & Toning Exercise Programs
Monday, Tuesday & Friday 7:00 PM - 8:00 PM
ZUMBA For Ladies. This class will meet in the Gym Click here for more information.
INSANITY will be co-ed. This class will meet in the Student Building
Monday - Friday 5:00 AM until 9:00 PM
(except Wednesday we close the facility for Wednesday Night Supper and Prayer Meeting at 5:15 PM and reopen at 7:30 PM.)
Saturday 8:00 AM - 12:00 PM
We have a small fee for non-church members: for those who are younger than 55 it is $10.00 per month; and for those who are older than 55 it is $5.00 per month. We also have an orientation class ($5.00) that is mandatory and is scheduled on an as need basis. To sign up come to the Welcome Desk in the Chandler Family Life Center.
Wood Carvers - Each Monday at 8:00 AM until ??. Bring your woodcarving tools and a lunch.
Oil or Water Color Art Class - Mondays at 6:00 PM.
Karate Class Tuesdays & Thursdays at 6:00 PM $35.00 per month


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Schools compared notes via e-mail during test
On Day 2 of the Caller-Times open records audit, reporter Mike Baird found out the test of school districts' compliance wasn't so secret after all.
West Oso ISD business manager David Palacios told Baird he didn't know what all the secrecy was about, that he normally worked fine with other reporters. Baird had not identified himself as a Caller-Times reporter.
News assistant Mary Ann Cavazos heard a similar response at Taft ISD:
"You're a popular lady. I hear you've been around," Noel Snedeker, Taft's assistant superintendent for business, told Cavazos on Jan. 11. Snedeker named other school districts that already had received requests.
On Jan. 12, when reporter Kathryn Garcia made a request at Odem-Edroy ISD, business manager Edith George told her: "It's a fun little game we're playing."
Recognizing that the districts had been alerted about the open records audit, the Caller-Times then asked several school districts for copies of all e-mails regarding open records requests made during that week.
The request yielded 34 messages, sent among officials in 42 school districts, about the Caller-Times records requests.
Carol Sue Hipp,Tuloso-Midway ISD assistant superintendent, was the first school official to e-mail using an existing list-serve of area school district business office officials.
Hipp said the night she sent the first e-mail, her husband Jonny Hipp told her it sounded like a Caller-Times audit. Jonny Hipp is administrator of the Nueces County Hospital District, which encountered the Caller-Times' open records audit of July 2005.
In the aftermath of the Caller-Times open records request for e-mails, many schools held meetings to discuss e-mail usage and the network went silent. Here are many of the e-mails the schools turned over:
Day 1, Monday, Jan. 9
Hipp, of Tuloso Midway ISD, , receives a records request and sends e-mail to a list of 55 e-mail addresses. "The requestor is Michael Baird, but he 'prefers not to disclose who he represents.' I was wondering if others are getting these types of request, or if this is something that is specifically a TMISD request."
She received responses from: Calallen, Taft, Aransas Pass, Skidmore-Tynan, Alice and Kingsville ISDs.
Day 2, Tuesday, Jan. 10
At 6:35 a.m. Hipp, of Tuloso Midway ISD, e-mails the list-serve to give an update.
"Seventeen schools responded and four of us have received the same request - Gregory-Portland, Pettus, Ricardo, TMISD. Let me know if you are 'blessed with this request.' Someone suggested that it might be a newspaper testing the open records response times."
Day 3, Wednesday, Jan. 11
Noel Snedeker, Taft ISD assistant superintendent for business: "Mary Ann Cavazos just left my office giving Taft ISD the same request for Supts. Salary/benefits and three years of electrical costs. My A/P clerk erroneously asked her why she needed it and she said that she would rather not say. I normally run all open record requests through our attorney but I feel this is a harmless request and may just be a test for timeliness of response. I will have it ready tomorrow. Watch it come back and bite me in the %&#."
Xavier Gonzalez, Flour Bluff ISD assistant superintendent for business: "By the time we finish our careers most of us no longer have a %&#."
Donna Hohn, Corpus Christi ISD comptroller: "We just got someone coming to accounts payable requesting information like this. I sent them to legal so I will be doing the same too.
Day 4, Thursday, Jan. 12
Alissa Sanchez, Brooks County ISD Director of Finance: "Brooks County ISD received this same request on 1/11/06 requesting electricity bills and the superintendent's salary. The requestor's name is Neal Falgoust of CC, TX. Both Mr. Falgoust and Mary Ann Cavazos seem to be staff members of the CC Caller-Times. The fax number he left me is from the CC Caller-Times which was verified from their website."
Carole Estes of Skidmore-Tynan ISD: saying she "just received the same thing from a 'Adriana Garza.' "
Day 5, Friday, Jan. 13
Ty Sparks, George West ISD assistant superintendent for business management: "George West ISD received the request from a Ms. Brandi Dean."
Snedeker of Taft ISD: "What can I charge per copy for the request? Is any other chargeable cost associated with this request?"
Doug Arnold, financial consultant to the Region 2 Education Service Center: Should any of you need this information, the Attorney General's web site contains the new handbook concerning Public Information. It also contains a one-hour video that is a requirement for school boards to view during 2006.
You may access this information at www.oag.state.tx.us. Click on Open government training on the left of the welcome page and you will see the links to the information. The handbook is about 280 pages long but it has a pretty good index that enables a viewer to find the topic and go to it fairly quickly."
Jose Cantu, Deputy Director of Fiscal Affairs Education Service Center Region 2: "The attorney general's office sets the rates to be charged based on copies and access to copies: cost can include: labor up to a limited amount, postage to mail it, cost per copy which is limited also. Others which may include electronic processing."
Melonie Day, assistant superintendent for Alice ISD: If you use TASB (Texas Association of School Boards) policy services, all this information is in BGAA legal (a school district policy manual). By the way, I just got the records request from a Nancy Martinez, address in Mathis. Does anybody know yet what this is all about?
Kathy Wimberly, Agua Dulce ISD office manager: "I just got a request for the same information from a Nancy Martinez with a Mathis address.
Cheryle Stansberry, Aransas Pass ISD business manager: "A young woman by the name of Venessa Garza just walked into our Administration Office and requested the information for electric bills for 2004, 2005, budget for 2006 as well as the supt. salary and benefit package. I told her that all requests for information must be made in writing. She stood at the receptionist desk and hand wrote her request.
I asked for her business card - she didn't have one. I asked her what group or organization she was affiliated with and she said she would rather not say. The receptionist asked her if she was a community member and she said yes. When I asked her if she was a member of the Aransas Pass community she said she would rather not say. I asked if she wanted copies of each monthly electric bill - she replied no, that a list of monthly amounts would be sufficient. She left her phone number and an E-mail address. Like everyone else, I am curious as to what is going on. If anyone finds out, please let me know."
Ken Wagner, Aransas County ISD Chief Financial Officer: Venessa Garza just now came in and requested open records for: 2004, 2005 and Projected 2006 utility bills and superintendent salary package. I asked her who this was for and she said "she would rather not comment."
Olivia Mixon, Port Aransas ISD business manager: "Ditto to the same request but from Venessa Garza - left her phone number, email and address. What is going on?"
Norma Perez, Ben Bolt-Palito Blanco ISD bookkeeper, replied: "We had a Nancy Martinez requesting an open records request yesterday 1/12/06. She was wanting Superintendent's Salary and electrical cost. Does anybody know what's going on?"
Bill Monroe, Calallen ISD, business director: "She is in my office right now, requesting."
DAY 10, Wednesday, Jan. 18
Karen Wiesman, Kingsville ISD assistant superintendent for support services: Responded by quoting open records legislation:
"You may not ask questions other than as follows: Government Code 552.222 follows - bolded section to show inquiry by governmental body to show inquiry permissible: (a) the officer for public information and the officer's agent may not make an inquiry of a requestor except to establish proper identification."
Later that day another email from, Wiesman: "Tag - we're it."
Ann Dixon, Santa Gertrudis ISD superintendent consultant, in response to Stansberry's Jan. 13 e-mail: "I don't think you can ask the questions you asked to Ms. Garza, the requestor of the open records. I think you can only ask for clarification of the information they are requesting. You cannot ask her affiliations or purpose of the information. Does anyone else agree with me????"
Stansberry of Aransas Pass ISD: "Thank you for your response. I am gathering information to streamline our procedures for handling situations like this. This caught me totally off guard."
DAY 11, Thursday, Jan. 19
Ann Dixon of Santa Gertrudis ISD: "Great information, Karen. Thanks for doing this research for us. Could we get a sample of your form?"
Carolyn Lee, Bishop Consolidated ISD business manager: "Late yesterday afternoon, Israel Saenz, with a Corpus Christi address, requested the same information as your requests included. On the light side of this: I told my superintendent that it might help her get a raise or a bond issue passed to make these old buildings more energy efficient!! I really appreciate receiving all of the great information. Thanks to all of you! Carolyn"
DAY 15, Monday, Jan. 23
Snedeker of Taft ISD attached a Caller-Times request for identification of school officials on the list serve: "Attached is a request that I know some or all of you have received. I apologize for the timeliness of this post but my attorney was out of town last week and just got back with me. Not only have I received the attached the following email came to me a little bit ago.
Taft ISD has no intention in submitting this request to the Attorney Gerneral's Office for an opinion but rather will comply with the request. When I went back to look at the emails in question it reminded me that the network was working. True we were discussing who was getting served and who wasn't but we were sharing facts, regulations, procedures and board policies. I admitted that my A/P clerk erroneously asked 'why' and within seconds people were cutting and pasting procedures and sharing web links on where to find the rules concerning open records requests communications. I know how much to charge for open records but I threw that question out there to stimulate dialogue because I wasn't sure everyone did know. Within minutes, cut and paste, web links, board policy attachments and a worksheet on how to tabulate the cost. During the year we had asked questions and got responses, we discussed legislation, salaries, budget just to name a few topics.
We have violated no laws. This should be a reminder, your staff and district administrators that email is public record, unless you can and want to prove otherwise. Per our attorney we should make every post factual and free of slander, which it has been.
Please let's not be intimidated by these requests and not use the network. Their story is going to happen and life will go on. WE HAVE DONE NOTHING WRONG.
Hope to talk to you soon!"
Contact Nancy Martinez at 886-3794 or martinezna@ caller.com or Sarah Viren at 886-4316 or virens@ caller.com
Subscribe to the Caller-Times
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|What are the common error messages on OINV and what do they mean?
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|My final invoice amount is less than the encumbered order amount. Is this OK?
|Yes. An invoice can be processed for less than the order and the balance of the encumbrance will liquidate once a final payment is made.
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|How do I reverse post an invoice?
|Check the OPAY screen to be sure no payment has been issued for your invoice. If not, reverse post by entering status code 660 on OINV.
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|How do I cancel my OINV?
|If the vendor invoice contains a discount, how do I show the discount on my invoice?
|Price adjustments can be made on the OILN screen. To take a discount, enter a negative amount for the difference in the ADJ field.
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|The unit price on my invoice is correct but the unit price on the order is wrong. How do I correct the unit price?
|An order change (OCHG) is necessary in order to correct the unit price of the line.
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|How do I find a duplicate invoice number?
|Look on the OVIH screen in AFS.
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|I entered an order change (OCHG) to add a new line for freight charges but it does not appear on the invoice lines on OILN. What happened?
|The invoice (OINV) was entered before the order change to add the new line. Therefore, the new line does not show up on OILN. Cancel the invoice and enter a new one.
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|What system reports are relevant to receiving, invoice and payment?
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Graduate School Information Session
Thursday, June 06, 2013 5:30 PM
The CHC Graduate School Summer Information Session will take place on Thursday, June 6 at 5:30 pm. Anyone interested in our graduate degree, certificate, and certification programs in Administration of Human Services, Clinical and Counseling Psychology, Education, and Instructional Technology is invited to attend.
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Market Opportunity: Wi-Fi Direct
- Language: English
- 16 Pages
- Published: November 2012
WiFi Direct allows devices to communicate directly with each other using methods similar to traditional WiFi, except for the use of a central access point. Instead, the devices use a "Software Access Point" (Soft AP). Each device will have a radio transceiver, usually on a chip, which uses software to create an access point within the device itself.
As of December 2012 there have 1520 certifications issued for Wi-Fi Direct products to 48 companies for a variety of products. This paper will examine some of these companies and the products they offer. The companies range from consumer electronics companies to smartphone manufacturers to semiconductor manufacturers. The products range from smartphones to televisions to tablet PCs.
Target Audience:
- WiFi service providers
- Cellular network operators
- WiFi infrastructure providers
- Wireless application developers
- Computing and wireless device companies
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Technology Overview
3.0 Product Categories
3.1 Reference Design And Modules
3.2 Networking
3.3 Consumer Electronics
3.4 Computing And Peripherals
3.5 Handsets
3.6 Automotive And Transportation
3.7 Health And Fitness
3.8 Smart Energy
3.9 Other
4.0 Companies And Products
4.1 Broadcom Corporation
4.2 Fujitsu Ltd.
4.3 Hewlett-Packard Company
4.4 Htc Corporation
4.5 Intel Corporation
4.6 Jvc Kenwood Holdings
4.7 Lg Electronics
4.8 Motorola Mobility Llc
4.9 Qualcomm Atheros
4.10 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
5.0 Summary
6.0 Wi-Fi Direct Certified Companies
- Broadcom Corporation
- Fujitsu Ltd.
- Hewlett-Packard Company
- Htc Corporation
- Intel Corporation
- Jvc Kenwood Holdings
- Lg Electronics
- Motorola Mobility Llc
- Qualcomm Atheros
- Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.


text:
Posted: January 19, 2013
The Cult's Billy Duffy recently sat down to break down his signature Gretsch White Falcon, noting several of the features of this majestic guitar.
Watch the interview below and visit the Cult's official website for more information.
Tags: Billy Duffy, Choice of Weapon, Interview, The Cult, video, White Falcon
Posted In: Artists Blogs | Leave a comment
Keep in touch with the latest Gretsch news, pictures and videos.
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Brooks uses extra minutes to impress
|Posted by shawn cassidy on October 17, 2013 at 5:30 AM
Brooks has made a good impression on me,but it doesn't matter because I don't coach the Celtics. Lee, has been okay at best, and Crawford almost the same, just okay. Brooks has played well in the two games that he's been given a chance to play in. Brooks put up 13 points in the Celtics one and only win against the Knicks. He put up 8 points against the Knicks in the 103-102 loss, and 17 in Wednesday's win.
The window for making an impression is shorter at this time of year, as MarShon Brooks knows well.
The so-called logjam at shooting guard isn't budging with players Jordan Crawford and Courtney Lee commanding more minutes than the former Net.
So Brooks made sure he got noticed in the Celtics' 99-97 exhibition loss to Toronto, a result that dropped the their exhibition record to 1-5.
Brooks' 3-pointer with 24 seconds left cut Toronto's lead to 97-95 and capped a 15-point fourth-quarter performance by the guard. He finished with 17 points on 6-for-10 shooting, including 3-for-4 from downtown.
Only a Crawford air ball with three seconds left followed by Jared Sullinger's rebound and put-back miss off the bottom of the rim kept this game from going into overtime.
"We've got so many guards. My time is limited because of that, so I just try to fit in," Brooks said. "I'm on a new team, I'm trying hard defensively. So if I see an open look I'm going to take it. We're all fighting for time, we're all fighting for minutes, and I just want to show coach what I can do.
"A couple of guys were out tonight, so I knew I was going to get my opportunity to play," he said. "I just wanted to be aggressive. It's just my game, and shots were falling. I just trust in my craft. If I get an open look I'm going to knock it down."
I wish to see him play the rest of the preseason. I say start the kid once, and see what happens.
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Symptoms of Heartburn and GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that's caused by the abnormal flow of gastric acid from the stomach into the esophagus.
Gastroesophageal refers to the stomach and esophagus, and reflux means to flow back or return. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is the return of acidic stomach juices, or food and fluids, back up into the esophagus.
GERD is very common in infants, though it can occur at any age. It's the most common cause of vomiting during infancy.
GERD is often the result of conditions that affect the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES, a muscle located at the bottom of the esophagus, opens to let food in and closes to keep food in the stomach. When this muscle relaxes too often or for too long, acid refluxes back into the esophagus, causing vomiting or heartburn.Learn more about symptoms of heartburn and GERD ›


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Bursting onto the scene 26 years ago in 1987, Wet Wet Wet are back! They will be performing at the O2 as part of their Greatest Hits Tour and this year's tour will see a catalogue of songs including three UK number ones – With A Little Help From My Friends; Goodnight Girl; and Love Is All Around. The band, Graeme Clark, Tommy Cunningham, Neil Mitchell and Marti Pellow have sold in excess of 15 million singles and albums to date and have featured in the UK official singles and album charts for 508 weeks. They have also played to more than four million people in over 25 countries around the world.
These Glasgow lads have made an incredible impact with their music for almost three decades and this is sure to continue.
Please contact a member of our team for further details or to make your booking.
Email: email@example.com
Direct Line: 0207 3846308
Switchboard: +44 (0) 207 384 6308


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Every shoe in our lifestyle line has a performance legacy that helped it earn classic status. From limited releases to updated basics, new colors and styles are constantly added — if you're a sneaker collector, keep this page bookmarked.
New Balance has been committed to domestic manufacturing for over 75 years. In 2013, 1 out of every 4 pairs of shoes we sold in the USA was made or assembled here. Where domestic value is at least 70%, we label our shoes "Made in the USA."
990 Distinct Mid-Century Modern
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|Home > Facts > Vitamin D
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Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid compound that the body needs to remain healthy. In some ways, vitamin D is not a true vitamin because the skin can make vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. However, if the body does not make enough vitamin D, additional amounts must be acquired through diet.
The main role of vitamin D is to regulate amount of calcium circulating in the blood. Calcium is a mineral acquired through diet that is involved in building bones, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse transtransmission.
(Illustration by GGS Information Services/Thomson Gale.)
mission. Vitamin D helps regulate the absorption of calcium from the small intestine. Too little vitamin D can cause weak, brittle, deformed bones. There is also evidence that vitamin D plays a role in controlling cell differentiation and may help to protect the body from developing some types of cancer.
Vitamin D exists in several forms, two of which are important to humans. Vitamin D2, called ergocalciferol, is made by plants. Vitamin D2 can be manufactured synthetically by irradiating yeast. This type of vitamin D is most often found in dietary supplements and foods fortified with vitamin D. Vitamin D3, called cholecalci-ferol, is made naturally by the skin when it is exposed to ultraviolet rays in sunlight. Neither vitamin D2 nor D3 is active in the body. Both must be converted, first in the liver and then in the kidney, into an active form of vitamin D (1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D). Vitamin D in this topic means the active form of vitamin D.
Vitamin D's role in health
Although Vitamin D has been known to play a role in bone health for many years, only recently have researchers begun to explore its effects on cell differentiation and the immune system.
BONE HEALTH. The role of vitamin D and calcium are closely connected. The body needs calcium to build bones and teeth, contract muscles, transmit nerve
impulses, and help blood to clot. Vitamin D helps the body get the calcium it needs by increasing the amount of calcium absorbed in the small intestine. Vitamin D is an active part of the feedback loop that maintains a normal level of calcium in the blood.
To maintain health, the amount of calcium in the blood must stay within a very narrow range. When the amount of calcium in the blood falls below normal, the drop is sensed by the parathyroid glands. The parathyroid glands are four separate clusters of specialized cells in the neck. Low blood calcium levels stimulate the parathyroid glands to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the kidney to increase the conversion of vitamin D2 and D3 into its active form. Active vitamin D is released into blood and stimulates the cells lining the small intestine to increase the amount of calcium that they absorbed from digesting food. Vitamin D also causes the kidney to conserve calcium so that less is lost in urine. If these actions do not return the level of calcium in the blood to normal, vitamin D activates cells called osteoclasts that break down bone and return calcium from the bone to the bloodstream. People who do not have enough vitamin D absorb less calcium from the food they eat. To make up for this, calcium is taken from their bones and the bones weaken and break more easily.
CANCER PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. Vitamin D also helps regulate cell differentiation. During development, cells divide over and over again. At some point, they are triggered to specialize (differentiate) into different types of cells, for example, skin, muscle, blood, or nerve cells. Vitamin D joins with other compounds to turn on and off more than 50 different genes that stop cell growth and start cell differentiation.
One characteristic of cancer cells is that they grow wildly, dividing many times more than normal cells without differentiating. Since vitamin D can stimulate cells to stop dividing and begin differentiating, researchers are investigating whether vitamin D can protect people from getting certain cancers, especially colon, prostate, skin, and breast cancer. The research has produced mixed results. Some studies found that vitamin D protected against colon cancer, while other found it offered no protection. The official position of the American Cancer Society described in their 2006 Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines states,"There is a growing body of evidence from population studies (not yet tested in clinical trials) that vitamin D may have helpful effects on some types of cancer, including cancers of the colon, prostate, and breast." However, the American Cancer Society makes no recommendations on the amount of vitamin D needed to have a beneficial effect. Clinical trials are underway to determine safety and effectiveness of vitamin D in a variety of situations. Individuals interested in participating in a clinical trial at no charge can find a list of open trials at <http://www.clinicaltrials.gov>
Normal vitamin D requirements
The United States Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences has developed values called Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for vitamins and minerals. The DRIs consist of three sets of numbers. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) defines the average daily amount of the nutrient needed to meet the health needs of 97-98 % of the population. The Adequate Intake (AI) is an estimate set when there is not enough information to determine an RDA. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the average maximum amount that can be taken daily without risking negative side effects. The DRIs are calculated for children, adult men, adult women, pregnant women, and breastfeeding women.
The IOM has not set RDA values for vitamin D because of incomplete scientific information and variability in the amount of vitamin D the body makes when the skin is exposed to sunshine. Instead, it has set AI and UL levels. Recently the UL level has become somewhat controversial and has been challenged by some researchers as being set too low. AI and UL levels are measured in both weight (micrograms or mcg) and international units (IU). The IU measurement is the measurement used on dietary supplement labels. For vitamin D, 1.0 mcg equals 40 IU.
The following are the AIs and ULs for vitamin D for healthy individuals:
Exposing the face, arms, and legs to sunshine for 15 minutes three or four times a week meets the dietary requirements for vitamin D for people with fair skin much of the time. However, people who live north of 40° latitude (approximately a line that extends from Philadelphia to San Francisco) may not get enough sun exposure to meet their dietary needs during winter months. Dark-skinned people may need to spend triple the amount of time in the sun as fair-skinned people to synthesize adequate amounts of vitamin D, since the increased amount melanin pigment in dark skin slows vitamin D production. Using sunscreen with an SPF of 8 or higher also slows the production of vitamin D in the skin.
Vitamin D is not found in large amounts in many foods. However, since the 1930s vitamin D has been added to about 99%: of all milk, and to some breakfast cereals, bread, orange juice, and infant formula. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration requires all foods containing olestra, a compound that reduces fat absorption, to be fortified with the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K.
The following list gives the approximate vitamin D content for some common foods:
Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency results in rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Rickets is a condition in which the bones do not harder because of a lack of calcium deposited in them. Instead they remain soft and become deformed. Osteomalacia is a weakening of bones in adults that occurs when they are broken down (demineralized) and calcium in the bones is returned to the blood. Vitamin D deficiency also can cause joint and muscle pain, and muscle spasm. Less severe cases can result in osteoporosis in older adults.
The vitamin D fortification program, along with the popularity of daily multivitamins, has greatly reduced the number of people in the United States who are vitamin D deficient. However some groups remain at risk of vitamin D deficiency. These include:
Vitamin D excess
Vitamin D excess in healthy individuals occurs only when large quantities of vitamin D are taken as a dietary supplement over several months. This can result in high calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia). Symptoms of vitamin D excess include nausea, vomiting, excessive thirst, weakness, and high blood pressure. Calcium deposits may develop in the kidneys, blood vessels, heart, and lungs. The kidneys may be permanently damaged and eventually fail completely.
Research suggests that the following types of medications may increase the available amount of vitamin D in the body. People taking these drugs should not take a vitamin D supplement without consulting their healthcare provider.
Research suggests that the following types of medications may decrease the available amount of vitamin D in the body. People taking these drugs should discuss with their healthcare provider whether a vitamin D supplement is right for them.
No complications are expected when vitamin D is used in the recommended amounts. The complications resulting from insufficient or excess use are discussed above.
Parental concerns
Parents should be aware that the RDA and UL for vitamins and minerals are much lower for children than for adults. Accidental overdose may occur if children are give adult vitamins or dietary supplements.
Gaby, Alan R., ed. A-Z Guide to Drug-Herb-Vitamin Interactions Revised and Expanded 2nd Edition: Improve Your Health and Avoid Side Effects When Using Common Medications and Natural Supplements Together. New York: Three Rivers Press, 2006.
Lieberman, Shari and Nancy Bruning. The Real Vitamin and Mineral Book: The Definitive Guide to Designing Your Personal Supplement Program, 4th ed. New York: Avery, 2007.
Pressman, Alan H. and Sheila Buff. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Vitamins and Minerals, 3rd ed. Indianapolis, IN: Alpha Books, 2007.
Rucker, Robert B., ed. Handbook of Vitamins. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis, 2007.
Carpenter, Kenneth J. and Ling Zhao."Forgotten Mysteries in the Early history of Vitamun D." Journal of Nutrition, 129 (1999):923-7.
American Dietetic Association. 120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000, Chicago, Illinois 60606-6995. Telephone: (800) 877-1600. Website: <http://www.eatright.org>
Linus Pauling Institute. Oregon State University, 571 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-6512. Telephone: (541) 717-5075. Fax: (541) 737-5077. Website: <http://lpi.oregonstate.edu>
Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health. 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 3B01, MSC 7517, Bethesda, MD 20892-7517 Telephone: (301)435-2920. Fax: (301)480-1845. Website: <http://dietary-supplements.info.nih.gov>
American Cancer Society."Can Vitamin D Prevent Cancer?" American Cancer Society, December 29, 2005. <http://www.cancer.org/docroot/NWS/content/NWS_1_1x_Can_Vitamin_D_Prevent_Cancer.asp>
Finberg, Laurence."Rickets." emedicine.com, April 25, 2006. <http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2014.htm>
Harvard School of Public Health."Vitamins." Harvard University, November 10,2006.<http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamins.html>
Maryland Medical Center Programs Center for Integrative Medicine."Vitamin D." University of Maryland Medical Center, 2002. <http://www.umm.edu/altmed/ConsSupplements/VitaminDcs.html/Vitamin>
Medline Plus."Vitamin D." U. S. National Library of Medicine, August 1, 2006. <http://www.nlm.nih/gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-vitamind.html>
Natural Standard."Vitamin D." MayoClinic.com, August 1, 2006. >http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vitamin-d/NS_patient-vitamind>
Office of Dietary Supplements."Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Vitamin D."National Institutes of Health, April 12, 2006. <http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamind.asp>
Tangpricha, Vin."Vitamin D Deficience and Related Disorders." emedicine.com, December 22, 2006. <http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3729.htm>
Trubo, Richard."Researchers Conclude the 'sunshine vitamin' is Good Medicine." eMedicineHealth.com, February 14, 2006. <http://www.emedicinehealth.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=78080>
Tish Davidson, A.M.
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Badge - Free Refugees the Close the Camps, circa 1990s Reg. No: HT 903
- Summary:
- Badge with the slogan 'Free the refugees, close the camps', it was made and used in Australia, circa 1990s. Mandatory detention legislation was first introduced in Australia in May 1992, the legislation meant that asylum seekers arriving in Australia without prior authorisation could be detained for unspecified and prolonged periods of time.
- Description:
- Round badge with red, blue and black text on a white background, with a gold boarder.
- Acquisition Information:
- Collected from Dr Moya McFadzean - Museum Victoria Collections, Research & Exhibitions, 2002
More information
|Tagged with:
|refugees, badges, political protests, asylum seekers, detention centres
|Themes this item is part of:
|Migration Collection
|Primary Classification:
|Secondary Classification:
|Community Activity
|Tertiary Classification:
|protest materials
|Printed: FREE / THE / REFUGEES / CLOSE / THE / CAMPS / RESISTANCE
|Issued By:
|Resistance, Australia, circa 1990s
|Place & Date Used:
|Australia, circa 1990s
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- Max Siollun
- August 03, 2009
- 0 Comments
Last week marked the 42nd anniversary of the death of Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu. Nzeogwu died in the final week of July 1967. While there is consensus that he died, exactly how he died and at the hands of whom has remained in dispute. In conspiracy rife Nigeria, all manner of rumours and apocryphal stories have alleged that Nzeogwu was murdered in a Machiavellian plot engineered by Ojukwu to eliminate him or perhaps that he was killed while trying to defect to join the federal army. As always, the truth is much more mundane.
Nzeogwu in Prison
For his role in Nigeria's first military coup, Nzeogwu was imprisoned by the military regime of Major-General Aguiyi-Ironsi at the notorious Kiri-Kiri maximum security prison in Lagos. His co-conspirators were also initially detained there but many of them were later moved to prisons in the Eastern Region: including Majors Ifeajuna (Uyo prison), Ademoyega, Onwuatuegwu (Enugu prison), Captain Gbulie (Abakaliki prison), Major Chukwuka, Captain Nwobosi (both Owerri prison). Nzeogwu was the only officer among the plotters that was moved to Aba prison. After Ironsi was overthrown in July 1966, Nzeogwu remained in prison until he was released in March 1967 by the Eastern Region's Military Governor Lt-Colonel Ojukwu.
Nzeogwu's Rift With Ojukwu
However after his release his activities were curtailed. He and Ojukwu did not see eye to eye.
Nzeogwu was never enthusiastic about secession. As late as 1967 he articulated in an interview with Dennis Ejindu his view that:
"secession will be ill-advised, indeed impossible. Even if the East fights a war of secession and wins, it still cannot secede. Personally, I don't like secession and if this country disintegrates, I shall pack up my things and go. In the present circumstances, confederation is the best answer as a temporary measure. In time, we shall have complete unity."
The interview did not go down well with Ojukwu and Nzeogwu's words to Ejindu were the last official statements attributed to him before his death. Relations between Ojukwu and Nzeogwu deteriorated further as Nzeogwu made no secret of his desire for a united Nigeria. Even though war between Nigeria and Biafra was imminent, in April 1967 Nzeogwu was suspended from all military activities by Ojukwu. The immediate pretext was Nzeogwu's involvement in a battle simulation military training exercise in Abakaliki and other towns in the Eastern Region. Recalling that Nzeogwu had turned the night time training "Exercise Damissa" into a full blown coup the previous year, Ojukwu banned all such further exercises. Relations between Ojukwu and Nzeogwu got bad enough for Ojukwu to consider putting Nzeogwu back in prison.
In a June 17, 1967 letter to his friend Olusegun Obasanjo, Nzeogwu confessed:
"You have no doubt heard a lot of rumours about my relations with Ojukwu. We obviously see things quite differently after what he did to my supporters in January 1966. He is also worried about my popularity among his own people. I was to be put back in prison, but he was afraid of repercussions. Right now I am not allowed contact with troops nor am I permitted to operate on the staff. One gentleman's agreement we have is that I can carry on with what ever pleases me."
Nzeogwu - A One Nigeria Man?
Amazingly even at this late stage, Nzeogwu was still entertaining fantasies of Nigerian unity and reintegrating the Nigerian army:
"I will create a new Nigerian army inside Biafra!! With Igbo, Hausa, Yoruba and all other ethnic groups."
Nzeogwu inspired and frightened with equal measure. A personality cult bordering on hero worship grew up around him in the Eastern Region and he was being feted as an immortal indestructible warrior. Although Ojukwu gave Nzeogwu the Biafran rank of Brigadier, he was not given any formal command in the Biafran army.
Despite not officially being part of the Biafran army command, Nzeogwu was not the type of character that could remain idle. His impulsive nature and rebelliousness towards superior officers has been documented. Lt-Col Patrick Anwunah went so far as to describe Nzeogwu as:
"a radical and an inwardly insubordinate young officerŌĆ"..(who was) full of his own ideas and probably thought he had the answers to all problems. His statements and comments at that time gave me the impression that he could become insubordinate as he had no regard for senior officers."
Frustrated at his exclusion from military duties, Nzeogwu took to informal ad hoc guerilla raids against the federal army. He would impulsively conscript other soldiers to join him during these raids. It is not certain that these raids and conscriptions were authorised by Ojukwu.
Nzeogwu was admired and feared in equal measure. He was admired for his intelligence, warmth and charm. He was feared because of his suicidal courage. Junior Biafran foot soldiers were reluctant to be conscripted by Nzeogwu. Conscription by Nzeogwu meant being taken to the front line and faced with grave danger. Nzeogwu was brave enough to cross behind enemy lines, carry out reconnaissance and engage the federal army in close quarter combat. In late July 1967, his courage took him a step too far.
The Death of Nzeogwu
Nzeogwu had gone out on a reconnaissance mission in the Nsukka sector. He was travelling in an improvised armoured vehicle (known as a "Biafran Red Devil") that had been converted by the ingenious Biafran engineers from a Bedford truck. The vehicle was cumbersome despite its impressive ingenuity. The vehicle became immobilised and was surrounded by federal troops of the 21st battalion at a roadblock near the University of Nigeria Nsukka campus. The troops were led by Captain Abubakar Gora, and they opened fired on it. The vehicle's improvised armour withstood their bullets until it was attacked with the fearsome 106mm recoilless rifle which pierced its body. Ironically, the 106mm recoilless rifle was the same anti-tank weapon that Nzeogwu and other soldiers used in January 1966 to attack and destroy the official lodge of the Sardauna of Sokoto.
At this point, the accounts diverge. Olu Mamdap (former military driver to General Domkat Bali) witnessed the incident and claims that Nzeogwu and the other "two or three" occupants in the vehicle were killed while still inside the vehicle. Mamdap claims that it was not known that Nzeogwu was inside until the corpses were dragged out.
However Major-Generals Mohammed Shuwa and Abdullahi Shelleng (who were not present when Nzeogwu was killed but saw his corpse) claimed that while being fired on, Nzeogwu jumped out from the vehicle, shouted in Hausa and identified himself as Major Nzeogwu but was shot dead anyway. Ojukwu's mixed race half brother Tom Biggar was also killed along with Nzeogwu. Biggar was the child of Ojukwu's mother after she divorced Sir Louis Odumegwu and married a European engineer of the Nigerian Railway Corporation named Biggar.
Nzeogwu's corpse was identified by Lieutenant Abdullahi Shelleng who ordered that it should be stored firstly in the University of Nigeria campus at Nsukka. However, by the time Shelleng arrived, Nzeogwu's eyes had been plucked out in what appears to have been a ritual mutilation. According to Shelleng the soldier who shot Nzeogwu was ironically Nzeogwu's former batman. The corpse was later sent to 1 division headquarters in Makurdi where the 1 division commander Colonel Mohammed Shuwa informed the head of state Major-General Gowon. Despite the fact that Nzeogwu was now technically an enemy soldier killed in combat against the Nigerian army, Gowon ordered that Nzeogwu's body should be flown to Kaduna and buried with full military honours at the Kaduna military cemetery ŌĆō even as the war raged on in the Eastern Region.
Even in death, Nzeogwu was still respected by federal and northern troops. Domkat Bali referred to him as:
"a nice, charismatic and disciplined officer, highly admired and respected by his colleagues. At least he was not in the habit of being found in the company of women all the time messing about with them in the officers mess, a pastime of many young officers thenŌĆ".we believed that he was a genuinely patriotic officer who organised the 1966 coup with the best of intentions who was let down by his collaboratorsŌĆ".If we had captured him alive, he would not have been killed. I believe he probably would have been tried for his role in the January 15 coup, jailed and probably freed after some time. His death was regrettable."
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Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Mark Lar posted on 08-04-2009, 22:41:53 PM
What a crass and rhetorical question, stupid! Nzeogwu was slaughtered by your Nigerian-hero, Murtala Mohammed, the armed robber of the Central Bank-annex in Benin City; he was slaughtered together with other south-eaterners because the "North" knew it could get away with it. Reality check, check what is now happening in the Niger Delta and how silent, indolent and impotent the south and the middle belt has remainded. Move over, mate!
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Akuluouno posted on 08-04-2009, 23:14:39 PM
Sir M S
I just want to thank MS for his efforts to keep the history of Nigeria between 1966 and 1970 alive. The foreign dimension to all these drama and the impact they have to the present challenges in Nigeria needs to be explored further. Let no mischief be made while stating these facts because as you wrote, he died in the company of Ojukwu's half-brother shows that there was no animosity between both.
His interview with Ejindu did not bode well for the security of a new republic at war. I think he was too far ahead with his ideals and was unable to get a lot of northerners to buy into his passion for Nigeria. If only the dead could talk we would have heard from the horses mouth but testimonies from many including the last Nigerian Emperor who even wrote a book about him shows that at least, he was a patriotic Nigerian
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
LoveNigeria posted on 08-05-2009, 00:06:47 AM
The vision Nzeogwu was trying to accomplish is still for the appointed time. He was way ahead of his time, I really feel for him.
The appointed time is imminent though -those who have ears........
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Emenanjo posted on 08-05-2009, 00:53:04 AM
There are so far about five to six theories surrounding the death of Nzeogwu, just as there are by my estimate, about seven different reasons so far advanced by different writers and the Nigerian bourgeiosies for the annulment of June 12, 1993 election. I am still counting.
The theories about Nzeogwu's death were well summised in his brother, Dr. Peter Okeleke Nzeogwu's book titled: Major C.K. Nzeogwu: FIGHTING THE ILLUSIVE NIGERIAN ENEMY FROM CHILDHOOD TO DEATH. A reading of this book will help complete your research. Again, another book of interest and possible citation is one little book titled: WHO KILLED NZEOGWU? written by Phillip Enonchong, the producer of the film on the Nigerian/ Biafran civil war. In that booklet, Enonchong asked some very crucial questions on the circumstances surrounding Nzeogwu's death.
In the end after reading the above books and some others, I came to the conclusion that Nzeogwu 'killed' himself. He just wanted to die and he died. Period!
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Maxsiollun posted on 08-05-2009, 01:50:24 AM
Mark Lar, FYI at the time Nzeogwu was killed Murtala Muhammed was stationed in Lagos. The sector in which Nzeogwu was killed was being attacked by the 1st Division of the Nigerian army - then commanded by Lt-Col Mohammed Shuwa. Murtala Muhammed was nowhere near Nsukka at the time Nzeogwu was killed.
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Maxsiollun posted on 08-05-2009, 02:22:49 AM
Emenanjo, I have read both books by Peter Okeleke Nzoegwu AND Enonchong's book. Both books disappointed. Okeleke's book ws surprisingly bereft of new information - which is somewhat of a surprise given that he is the author's brother! It was largely a regurgitation of existing texts with copious quotations from the books by OBJ and Gbulie. It did not tell us anything new. Enonchong's book did not enlighten further either.
Given that neither Okeleke or Enonchong were witnesses to Nzeogwu's death, I produced this article based on the recollections of those who were either physically present when Nzeogwu was killed or otherwise were there soon afterwards. Figures like Olu Mamdap, Domkat Bali, Abdullahi Shelleng, Mohammed Shuwa and Joe Madugu were all either witnesses, or otherwise involved in the identification, storage and retrieval of Nzeogwu's corpse.
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Sunnycool posted on 08-05-2009, 03:27:18 AM
DEATH killed him of course.
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
KingFisher posted on 08-05-2009, 15:35:34 PM
Thank you for this beautiful write-up on Major Kaduna Nzeogwu of blessed memory.
The legacy of Nzeogwu lies in the reactions often generated by his name, many years sfter his death. This remains an apt testimony to the popular saying: the evil that men do lives after them....
Emenanjo could be right that the man wanted to die and simply died, in the sense that everything about the enigma called Nzeogwu pointed to a life of purpose, adventure and to a certain degree, deliberate recklessness. Recklessness in that, unlike many Nigerians today who see corruption as a bedmate and acquisition of wealth as a compulsory pasttime, Nzeogwu was reckless with his life in his pursuit of his ideals and dreams about Nigeria. I cannot but agree more, Nigeria killed Nzeogwu. Just like it had killed many others after him. This same Nigeria killed Gideon Orkar and many such fine officers.
Trying to unravel the responsibility for the death of Nzeogwu may be elusive. The key thing is that the man died. Period. He died in the pursuit of a noble ideal after sowing seeds that even generations then yet unborn would deliberate on later. Never mind that he died behind the "enemy" line. He still died trying to find a solution to the problems caused by Nigeria!
May the soul of this gallant officer rest in peace. At least, unlike his friend (the last Emperor of Nigeria) he demonstrated that there is grace in virtue and homour in gallantry. He will forever live in our our memory. Adieu!!
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Zababbe posted on 08-05-2009, 16:03:37 PM
The man lived by the trigger and some rogues expected that he should die otherwise. Such is the natural way the Creator meant the world to be. A deserving end for a wicked, trigger-happy fool!
Re: Who Killed Major Nzeogwu?
Emenanjo posted on 08-05-2009, 16:04:47 PM
Dear MS,
Apart from recollections by those officers you'd mentioned, some of us need reference materials which supported those officers' position and, your write up.
I am learning and there is no day I do not learn one or two more historical revelations about this very funny signature called Nigeria. Everyday some of us read very strange revelations.


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Storms might put damper on Luminaria
From staff reports : March 8, 2013 : Updated: March 9, 2013 12:01pm
Severe thunderstorms, large hail and high winds are possible for Saturday night's Luminaria festival downtown.
The hail could be as large as golf balls, and wind gusts could reach 60 mph, the National Weather Service said today.
Storms are possible as early as 6 p.m. Saturday as a cold front reaches the area, forecasters said, but severe weather is most likely between 9 p.m. and 3 a.m.
The San Antonio area might see as much as an inch of rain, the NWS said.


text:
Shen Yun 'Just makes you feel good,' Says CEO
By Epoch Times Staff On February 23, 2013 @ 10:18 pm In Special Section | No Comments
MINNEAPOLIS—"I thought the show was very good. I enjoyed the imagery of all the dancing. It seemed a combination of [the] spiritual and just fun," said Richard Kramp. The retired CEO of Synovis Life Technology attended the Saturday matinee performance of Shen Yun Performing Arts New York Company at the Orpheum Theatre, Feb. 23.
"Classical Chinese dance has a long history of thousands of years, passed down continuously within the imperial palace and ancient Chinese theater and opera," states the Shen Yun website. Each era and dynasty along with its traditional aesthetic principles come alive with Shen Yun.
Mr. Kramp said watching Shen Yun expanded his knowledge of China's classical culture and history. "I did learn. It's a fascinating country, and of course and we don't know much about it."
Upon hearing that world-renowned Shen Yun is not allowed to enter China, given that it aims to revive 5,000 years of divinely inspired culture, he said, "It's hard to imagine. It's unfortunate to think that all of that is being suppressed because it's so beautiful. I liked it a lot!"
Mr. Kramp elaborated on how the New York-based show touched him, "Spirituality has a place everywhere, and I didn't realize how spiritual China was. As I grew up I thought it already converted into this very militaristic [society]. It must be hard for people to have that deep origin of 5,000 years and be suppressed for so long."
He had high praise for the Shen Yun New York Orchestra, a unique blend of classical Chinese and Western instruments, and said that it added an extra layer to his enjoyment, "I thought it was very good. I mean, I couldn't pull them apart you know, but together it sounded very, very good. I certainly like the Chinese instruments—the erhu," mentioning one example.
He felt that various aspects of Shen Yun had deeply moved him, and said, "The artistry of it was wonderful! The feeling of a great society. The costumes and the skill—there is a lot of innocence it seems, and youth. It just makes you feel good, I guess, in the sense of that there is that aspect of human nature that you just don't get to see very often."
Reporting by Valerie Avore and Jeanmarie Lunsford.
New York-based Shen Yun Performing Arts has three touring companies that perform simultaneously around the world. For more information, visit ShenYunPerformingArts.org
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Amazing Emoticon for WeChat,微信
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text: Healthy Recipes Crab Pilaf Recipe E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now! Quick Info: Servings Contains Shellfish Contains Dairy Heart-Healthy Nutritional Info (Per serving): Calories: 233, Saturated Fat: 1g, Sodium: 515mg, Dietary Fiber: 4g, Total Fat: 4g, Carbs: 40g, Cholesterol: 49mg, Protein: 12g Carb Choices: 2.5 Recipe Source: Prep Time: 10 mins Cook Time: 1 h 10 mins Total Time: 1 h 20 mins Ingredients 2 small leek(s), or 1 large, white and pale green parts only 1 tablespoon butter 1 1/2 cup(s) rice, basmati, brown, rinsed 1 tablespoon mustard, Dijon 1/4 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon pepper, black ground 3 cup(s) broth, vegetable 8 ounce(s) crabmeat, cooked, lump, any shells or cartilage removed 2 tablespoon tarragon, fresh, or dill, minced 1 medium lemon, cut into 6 wedges 1 pounds asparagus, trimmed and cut into 1-inch pieces Preparation 1. Preheat oven to 350°F. 2. Cut leeks in half lengthwise; rinse thoroughly under water. Cut crosswise into thin slices, place in a colander and rinse again. 3. Melt butter in a large ovenproof skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the leeks; cook, stirring often, until softened, 3 to 4 minutes. Stir in rice; cook, stirring frequently, until the grains become somewhat translucent, about 1 minute. Stir in mustard, salt and pepper until combined. Pour in broth and bring to a simmer, scraping up any browned bits. 4. Cover the pan. Bake the rice for 40 minutes. Then sprinkle asparagus and crab over the rice, replace the cover and continue baking until the rice and asparagus are tender, about 15 minutes more. Stir in tarragon (or dill). Serve with lemon wedges. E-mail recipe Print recipe To save this recipe, register now!


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Vessel Length Work Start From To
MSC Ingrid 964 0700 Newark Freeport
MOL Prestige 962 1300 Jacksonville Algeciras
MSC Catania 984 1300 Savannah Valencia
Elegant Ace 656 1300 New York Port Canaveral
BBC Oregon 454 0800 Savannah Houston
Ever Reach 964 0800 Colon Norfolk
Hanjin Elizabeth 949 0800 Savannah Busan
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Transforming Celebrities Into Supermodels
by Ethan G. Salwen
Benjamin Kanarek
September 01, 2010 — Wrapped in sci-fi silver and gold sequined garments, the woman sits in a small crater in the moonscape, seeming naturally at home in this fantasy world in which moon dust stretches to the horizon, rising into hills evocative of the images taken by the Apollo astronauts. The sky is a stunning swirl of red and blue galaxies and billowing orange nebulas dotted with luminous stars. In front of the woman floats a metallic orb, marvelously reflecting the galactic skyscape that envelops her. This image is one of the many captivating, otherworldly fashion photographs from "Fly Me to the Moon," a story that recently appeared in Harper's Bazaar China. Photographed by Benjamin Kanarek, the success of the images is that, although clearly the result of complex post-production compositing and retouching, the story reads as natural. The post-production wizardry that made "Fly Me to the Moon" possible was performed by DigitalRetouch, Inc., a boutique retouching company that specializes in fashion, beauty and celebrity imagery. "If it doesn't look like we did anything, then we did our job," says Andrew Matusik, who founded DigitalRetouch with Stewart Price in 2004.
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text:
Search the collections
Where is it from?
- A Place & Date Depicted Ballarat, Australia
Photograph - Gala Day Celebrations, Decorated Float, by Jack Walton, Ballarat, Victoria, circa 1935 Reg. No: MM 045569
- Description:
- Black and white image of a horse drawn wagon decorated for a street parade. A model windmill is on the back of the wagon with four children dressed as dutch people next to it.
- Description Of Content:
- A horse-drawn parade float featuring a windmill and children dressed in Dutch costumes. Part of the celebrations for Ballarat Gala Day. (see also cn 185).
|120 mm (Height), 164 mm (Width)
More information
|Tagged with:
|carts, celebrations, dutch communities, dutch immigration, fancy dress costumes, horsedrawn vehicles, horses, parade floats, parades, windmills
|Themes this item is part of:
|Clothing & Textiles Collection, Public Life & Institutions Collection, Sustainable Futures Collection, Transport Collection
|Primary Classification:
|Secondary Classification:
|Ballarat Gala Day
|Tertiary Classification:
|parades & street festivals
|Photograph: Black & White; See Dimensions
|Place & Date Depicted:
|Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, 1935-1939
This item is part of the following themes:
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