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An interface provides a path to transfer data from a proprietary network to an open system. The proprietary network includes at least one module central processing unit (CPU) and a module memory associated therewith operatively connected to the proprietary network. A shared memory and shared memory logic are interposed between the proprietary network and the open system, thereby forming the data path. The method comprises the steps of accepting requests for data from the open system by a parasitic task function within the module CPU. The data requested of the proprietary network is obtained and placed in a predetermined location of the module memory in a form understandable to the open systems. A pointer value is placed in the shared memory, the pointer value containing the value of the predetermined location of the module memory, the shared memory being mapped in the addressable memory space of the shared memory logic using virtual memory techniques. The data is obtained directly from the module memory utilizing the pointer value corresponding to the data requested, thereby allowing open systems to access the proprietary system while maintaining the integrity of the proprietary network.
1. An apparatus for providing an interface between a first system and a second system, the first system having a proprietary protocol and further having a first network bus having a plurality of physical modules operatively connected to the first network bus, each of the physical modules capable of communicating with each other via the proprietary protocol over the first network bus, said apparatus comprising:
a) a module bus;
b) a bus interface unit connected to the module bus and to the first network bus, for providing an interface between the apparatus and the first system;
c) a module memory, connected to the module bus, for storing information of the apparatus, information including programs and data;
d) a module CPU, connected to the module bus, for controlling a graphics function of the first system;
e) a shared memory, connected to the module bus;
f) a graphics card, connected to the module bus, for performing the graphics function of the apparatus, the graphics card further interfacing with a display unit and a keyboard; and
g) a co-processor, operatively connected to the shared memory and to the graphics card, and further connected to the second system, the co-processor and the module CPU communicating with each other via the shared memory, the co-processor also communicating with the second system via a known predetermined protocol, the co-processor translating requests from the second system into a form compatible with the proprietary protocol of the first system, the co-processor transmitting commands to the graphics card for controlling the display unit such that information from the first system and the second system is displayed in a windows format, the apparatus thereby providing an opening of the graphical interface to the second system while maintaining the integrity of the first system.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 07/899,442 filed on Jun. 16, 1992 now abandoned.
The present application is related to the following:
a) patent application, Ser. No. 07/899,198, entitled "An Open Distributed Digital System" by K. Staggs et al now abandoned;
b) patent application, Ser. No. 07/899,441, entitled "A Method for Controlling Window Displays in an Open System Windows Environment" by K. Staggs et al now U.S. Pat. No. 5,386,503;
c) patent application, Ser. No. 07/899,440, entitled "Priority Based Graphics for an Open Systems Windows Environment" by W. B. Kilgore et al now U.S. Pat. No. 5,426,725;
d) patent application, Ser. No. 07/899,199, entitled "Directly Connected Display of a Process Control System in an Open System Windows Environment" by W. B. Kilgore now abandoned;
e) patent application, Ser. No. 07/899,197, entitled "Device Dependent Layer of a Windowing System for a Process Control System" by B. Kilgore et al now abandoned;
all of the above filed on even date herewith, and all of the above assigned to Honeywell Inc., the assignee of the present application.
This invention relates to distributed digital systems, and more particularly, to distributed digital systems having a plurality of nodes coupled to a network for communicating between nodes, wherein a once closed (or proprietary) network is opened to permit a variety of nodes to be coupled to the network.
There currently exists systems having a plurality of nodes operatively connected to a bus or network in which the nodes are developed by a single manufacturer who enforces strict control over the design of the nodes and over the functions to be performed by the nodes. Further, a predetermined protocol is utilized by the network which results in a "closed" environment.
In order to allow a user the option of selecting equipment of other manufactures, having differing protocols, and thereby expanding the capabilities and functionality of these systems, it is desired to have an "open" systems environment which permits the user to connect (directly or indirectly) these equipments of other manufacturers having differing designs to the network of the system. By opening up the system to these equipments, the reliability of the system is now susceptible to any errors (bugs, viruses, . . . ) of the new equipment being added which is not under the control of the manufacturer of the system.
Thus, the present invention provides a method for coupling open systems to a proprietary network while maintaining the high reliability that the system had before opening up the environment, the open systems including networks, computer platforms, . . . of other manufacturers. By opening the system, commercially available utility software can be utilized on the open systems thereby increasing the software functionality of the system.
Therefore, there is provided by the present invention, a method for coupling open systems to a proprietary network. An interface provides a path to transfer data from a proprietary network to an open system. The proprietary network includes at least one module control processing unit (CPU) and a module memory associated therewith operatively connected to the proprietary network. A shared memory and shared memory logic are interposed between the proprietary network and the open system, thereby forming the data path. The method comprises the steps of accepting requests for data from the open system by a parasitic task function within the module CPU. The data requested of the proprietary network is obtained and placed in a predetermined location of the module memory in a form understandable to the open systems. A pointer value is placed in the shared memory, the pointer value containing the value of the predetermined location of the module memory, the shared memory being mapped in the addressable memory space of the shared memory logic using virtual memory techniques. The data is obtained directly from the module memory utilizing the pointer value corresponding to the data requested, thereby allowing open systems to access the proprietary system while maintaining the integrity of the proprietary network.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of coupling open systems to a proprietary network.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of coupling open systems to a proprietary network wherein the open systems has access to data of the proprietary network.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a method of coupling open systems to a proprietary network wherein the open system has direct access to data of the proprietary network.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method of coupling open systems to a proprietary network wherein the open systems has direct access to data of the proprietary network on essentially a realtime basis.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of coupling open systems to a proprietary network wherein the open system has direct access to data of the proprietary network while maintaining the integrity of the proprietary network.
These and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the following description and attached drawings, wherein like characters indicate like parts, and which drawings form a part of the present application.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a process control system of the preferred embodiment in which the present invention can be utilized;
FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of common elements of each physical module of the process control system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a functional block diagram of a typical physical module of the process control system;
FIG. 4 shows a partial, functional block diagram of the existing system and the opened system of the preferred embodiment;
FIG. 5 shows a functional block diagram of an open operator station of the preferred embodiment;
FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of the proprietary network and the interface for coupling to open systems;
FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a graphics card of the preferred embodiment; and
FIG. 8, which comprises FIGS. 8A and 8 B, shows examples of screen displays of the display unit of the process control system.
Before describing the method of the present invention, it will be helpful in understanding a system environment in which the invention is utilized. Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram of a process control system 10 of the preferred embodiment in which the present invention can be found. The process control system 10 includes a plant control network 11, and connected thereto is a data highway 12, which permits a process controller 20' to be connected thereto. In the present day process controlsystem 10, additional process controllers 20' can be operatively connected to the plant control network 11 via a corresponding highway gateway 601 and a corresponding data highway 12. A process controller 20, an interfaceapparatus which includes many new, additions, improvements, and features over the process controller 20' is operatively connected to the plant control network 11 via a universal control network (UCN) 14 to a network interface module (NIM) 602. In the preferred embodiment of the process control system 10, additional process controllers 20 can be operatively connected to the plant control network 11 via a corresponding UCN 14 and acorresponding NIM 602. The process controllers 20, 20' interface the analog input and output signals, and digital input and output signals (A/I, A/O, D/I, and D/O respectively) to the process control system 10 from the variety of field devices (not shown) of the process being controlled which include valves, pressure switches, pressure gauges, thermocouples, . . .
The plant control network (or more simply network) 11 provides the overall supervision of the controlled process, in conjunction with the plant operator, and obtains all the information needed to perform the supervisory function, and includes an interface with the operator. The plant control network 11 includes a plurality of physical modules, which include a universal operator station (US) 122, an application module (AM) 124, a history module (HM) 126, a computer module (CM) 128, and duplicates(backup or secondary) of these modules (and additional types of modules, not shown) as necessary to perform the required control/supervisory function of the process being controlled. Each of these physical modules is operatively connected to a local control network (LCN) 120 which permits each of these modules to communicate with each other as necessary.The NIM 602 and HG 601 provide an interface between the LCN 120 and the UCN14, and the LCN 120 and the data highway 12, respectively.
Physical modules 122, 124,126, 128, . . . of network 11 of the preferred embodiment are of various specialized functional types. Each physical module is the peer, or equivalent, of the other in terms of right of access to the network's communication medium, or LCN 120, for the purpose of transmitting data to other physical modules of network 11.
Universal operator station module (US) 122 of network 11 is a work station for one or more plant operators. It includes an operator console which is the interface between the plant operator, or operators, and the process orprocesses of the plant for which they are responsible. Each universal operator station module 122, is connected to the LCN 120, and all communications between the universal operator station module 122, and any other physical module of network 11, is via the LCN 120. Universal operator station module 122 has access to data that is on the LCN 120 and the resources and data available through, or from, any of the other physical modules of network 11. The universal station module 122 includes a cathode ray tube display (CRT) (not shown) which includes a video display generator, an operator keyboard (KB) (not shown), a printer (PRT) (not shown), and can also include (but not shown) a cartridge disk data storage device, trend pen recorders, and status displays, for example.
A history module (HM) 126 provides mass data storage capability. The history module 126 includes at least one conventional disk mass storage device such as a Winchester disk, which disk storage device provides a large volume of nonvolatile storage capability for binary data. The types of data stored by such a mass storage device are typically trend histories, event histories, . . . or data from which such histories can bedetermined, data that constitutes or forms CRT type displays, copies of programs for the physical modules. . .
An application module (AM) 124 provides additional data processing capability in support of the process control functions performed by the controllers associated with the process control subsystem 20, 20' such as data acquisition, alarming, batch history collection, and provide continuous control computational facilities when needed. The data processing capability of the application module 124 is provided by a processor (not shown) and a memory (not shown) associated with the module.
Computer module (CM) 128 uses the standard or common units of all physical modules to permit a medium-to-large scale, general purpose data processingsystem to communicate with other physical modules of network 11 and the units of such modules over the LCN 120 and the units of process control subsystems 20, 20' via the highway gateway module 601, and the NIM 602, respectively. Data processing systems of a computer module 128 are used toprovide supervisory, optimization, generalized user program preparation andexecution of such programs in higher level program languages. Typically, the data processing systems of a computer module 128 have the capability of communicating with other such systems by a communication processor and communication lines.
The local control network 120 (LCN) is a high-speed, bit serial, dual redundant communication network that interconnects all the physical modules of plant control network 11. LCN 120 provides the only data transfer path between the principal sources of data, such as highway gateway module 601, application module 124, and history module 126, and principal users of such data, such as universal operator station module 122, computer module 128, and application module 124. LCN 120 also provides the communication medium over which large blocks of data, such asmemory images, can be moved from one physical module such as history module126 to universal station module 122. LCN 120 is dual redundant in that it consists of two coaxial cables that permit the serial transmission of binary signals over both cables.
Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a block diagram of the common elements of each physical module of the network 11 or the process control system 10. Each of the physical modules includes a module central processor unit 38 and a module memory 40, a random-access memory (not shown), and such additional controller devices, or units (not shown), which are configured to provide the desired functionality of that type of module, i.e., that ofthe operator station 122, for example. The data-processing capabilities of each module's CPU 38 and module memory 40 create a distributed processing environment which provides for improved reliability and performance of network 11 and process control system 10. The reliability of network 11 and system 10 is improved because, if one physical module of network 11 fails the other physical modules will remain operational, As a result, network 11 as a whole is not disabled by such an occurrence as would be the case in centralized systems. Performance is improved by this distributed environment in that throughput and fast operator response times result from the increase computer processing resources, and the concurrency and parallelism of the data-processing capabilities of the system.
As mentioned above, each physical module includes the bus interface unit, BIU, 32 which is connected to the LCN 120 by the transceiver 34. Each physical module is also provided with the module bus 36 which, in the preferred embodiment, is capable of transmitting 16 bits of data in parallel, between the module CPU 38 and the module memory 40. Other units,utilized to tailor each type of physical module to satisfy its functional requirements, are operatively connected to module bus 36 so that each suchunit can communicate with the other units of the physical module via its module bus 36. The BIU 32 of the physical module initiates the transmission of data over LCN 120. In the preferred embodiment, all transmissions by a BIU 32 are transmitted over the coaxial cables which, in the preferred embodiment, form the LCN 120.
Referring to FIG. 3 there is shown a functional block diagram of a typical physical module 122, 124,126, 128 of the plant control network 11, and includes the bus interface unit (BIU) 32 and the transceiver 34, which connects BIU 32 to the LCN 120. BIU 32 is capable of transmitting binary data over LCN 120 and of receiving data from LCN 120. Transceiver 34 in the preferred embodiment, is transformer coupled to the LCN 120. In the preferred embodiment, the LCN 120 is a dually redundant coaxial cable withthe capability of transmitting bit serial data. BIU 32 is provided with a very fast microengine 56. In the preferred embodiment, micro engine 56 is made up of bit slice components so that it can process eight bits in parallel, and can execute a 24 bit microinstruction from its programmable read only memory (PROM) 58.
Signals received from the LCN 120 are transmitted by transceiver 34 and receive circuitry 52 to receive FIFO register 54. Micro engine 56 examinesthe data stored in FIFO register 54 and determines if the information is addressed to the physical module. If the data is an information frame, thereceived data is transferred by direct memory access (DMA) write circuitry 66 by conventional direct memory access techniques to the physical module memory unit (MMU) 40 over module bus 36.
Communication between MCPU processor 68, a Motorola 68020 microprocessor inthe preferred embodiment, and other functional elements of MCPU 38 is via local microprocessor bus 39. Module bus interface element 41 provides the communication link between local bus 39 and module bus 36. Processor 68 executes instructions fetched from either its local memory 43, in the preferred embodiment an EPROM, or from MMU 40. Processor 68 has a crystal controlled clock 45 which produces clock pulses, or timing signals. Input/output (I/O) port 49 provides communication between MCPU 38 and equipment external to the physical module to permit program loading, and the diagnosis of errors, or faults, for example.
Each MCPU 38 includes a timing subsystem 48 which, in response to clock signals from module clock 45 produces fine resolution, synchronization, and real-time, timing signals. Any timing subsystem 48 which is provided with a timing subsystem driver 50, has the capability of transmitting timing information to other physical modules over the LCN 120. Another input to each timing subsystem 48, is timing information which is transmitted over LCN 120 and which is received through transceiver 34, timing receiver 55 and timing driver 57 of BIU 32. Timing pulses from module power supply 59 which are a function of the frequency of the external source of A.C. electric power applied to power supply 59 are usedby timing subsystem 48 to correct longer term frequency drift of the clock pulses produced by clock 45.
Additional information of the BIU 32 can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 4,556,974. A more detailed description of the process control system 10 can be had by referring to U.S. Pat. No. 4,607,256. Additional informationof the individual, common, functional blocks of the physical modules can behad by reference to U.S. Pat. No. 4,709,347, all of the above-identified patents being assigned to the assignee of the present application, and additional information of the process controller 20' can be had by referencing U.S. Pat. No. 4,296,464.
The addition of an interface apparatus which interfaces other systems (i.e., open or foreign systems) to the process control system 10 describedabove, which includes providing the capability to readily permit nodes of differing designs to communicate to the network 120, will now be described. Also, specifically describes is a modification to a graphics generator in the US 122 which opens up the existing system, in particular the graphics interface.
Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a partial functional block diagram of the existing system and the open (or opened) system. The universal operator station (US) 122 is coupled to a co-processor 200, and the co-processor is coupled to an open system, i.e., interfaces/protocols of differing design, including Transmission Control Protocol. Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), open system interface (OSI), DECnet (a product of the Digital Equipment Corporation of Maynard, Mass.), Hewlett Packard personalcomputers, (HP), . . . The universal station 122 is also connected to the LCN 120 as described above. Thus, the new universal operator station (openUS) 123 includes the US 122 as described above in conjunction with the co-processor 200. The purpose of the open US 123 is to open the graphical interface to the open systems and to provide information from the closed US to the open systems. The co-processor 200 is structured to permit the interface to other systems, i.e., the open systems without jeopardizing the integrity of the existing system. The co-processor 200 of the preferred embodiment is a Motorola 68040 microprocessor which is executingthe UNIX operating systems (UNIX is an operating system of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, ATT, is readily available and is well known to those skilled in the art), and is sometimes referred to as a UNIXco-processor.
Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a functional block diagram of the open operator station 123 of the preferred embodiment. The operator station 122as described above includes the BIU 32 connected to the module bus 36, the module memory 40, and the module CPU 38, both also connected to the modulebus 36. These basic functional blocks are contained in all the physical modules. Additional functional blocks added to the physical module is whatgives the physical module its personality apart from any other physical module. The operator station 122 includes a graphics card 150 which interfaces with a display (CRT) and a keyboard (KB) 151, 153.
A shared memory 202 is included and is also connected to the module bus 36 which provides for communication between the co-processor 200 and the US physical module 122 (thereby providing communication to the rest of the process control system 10 via the module CPU 38). The method of communication between the module CPU 38 and the co-processor essentially implements the method of the present invention whereby the open systems iscoupled to the proprietary network. Thus, the co-processor 200 requests service (e.g., the value of a point, contents of a file, . . . or any information of the process control system 10) of the module CPU 38 throughshared memory 202. The module CPU 38 then communicates with the appropriatemodule to perform the requested service in a normal fashion. Once the response is obtained the information is passed to the co-processor 200 viashared memory 202. Since the module CPU 38 is communicating via the LCN 120, the integrity of the LCN (i.e., the system) is maintained and similarly the module memory 40 cannot be corrupted by the co-processor 200.
Although shared memory 202 is shown within the dotted lines of US 122 (dotted line A), it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that shared memory 202 can also be part of coprocessor 202 or a stand-alone unit interposed between the US 122 and coprocessor 200 (dotted line B). Such arrangements are essentially "packaging" arrangements and have essentially no bearing of the function provided. The shared memory 202 (and associated circuitry, not shown) provides for the direct coupling of an open systems processor (i.e., DEC, HP, . . . ) to the process control system 10, thereby permitting the open systems processor to effectively function as a peer to the other physical modules or nodes of the network 120. In this environment, the coprocessor 200 essentially has direct access to the module memory 40. Through this direct access, the coprocessor 200 can access and/or modify data in real time. (By convention, the coprocessor 200 is not permitted to modify data in the module memory 40.) However, the module CPU 38 provides the interface whichtranslates the proprietary LCN data to a form usable by the open systems and/or coprocessor 200.
Also shown in FIG. 5 is an example open system (or foreign system), for example, a Digital Equipment Corporation system which includes the DECnet network and protocol and a DEC processor 300 attached to the DECnet network. In the preferred embodiment, the communication between the DEC open system and the co-processor 200 is via an X-windows protocol (X-windows being a protocol defined by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass.) for graphical display information, and otheropen systems standards being used for data exchange. Any requests of the outside system to the LCN is made via the co-processor 200 through the shared memory 202 to the module CPU 38 as described above.
As mentioned above, the physical modules include common elements; however additional modules to each of the physical modules provides the "personality" of the physical module. The personality of the physical module provides the base environment for enhancements and improvements to the process control system 10 by the addition of the open systems. For example, the application module 124 of the process control system 10, exhibits a personality which provides for the complex control of process data through user programs. This personality provides the basis for enhancement by the co-processor 200 by exploiting the computing capabilities of both the open system and the coprocessor 200 to further extend the programs through commercially available software such as spreadsheet, data base manager, . . . In the case of US 122, the personality is based on the graphics card 150. In the preferred embodiment, the coprocessor 200 provides the capability to enhance the display of the US 122 (and thereby enhancing the personality of the process control system 10) by utilizing the advanced display capabilities of the co-processor such as multiple display windows.
Referring to FIG. 6, there is shown a block diagram of the proprietary network and the interface for coupling to open systems. The coupling to open systems is achieved through the use of the coprocessor 200A and shared memory 202A. Through this path, first channel 157, the coprocessor 200A can see the module memory 40N and the shared memory 202A. Each moduleCPU 38 is executed and modifying data within its corresponding module memory 40. A module CPU 38 communicates that data among other module CPU'sby indicating where the data is located. In the process control system 10 (or LCN environment) each module CPU knows the LCN protocol and therefore knows the data structure. The data exchange is communicated between other module CPU or between tasks within the same module CPU via messages which are essentially pointers indicating where the data is located. The data can also be passed to another node by actually passing the data value itself. In the process of connecting open system to the proprietary network, an objective is to maintain high reliability of the proprietary network. In response to a request from the open system through the coprocessor 200A, data can be sent to the open system; however, the data can subsequently change so that the original requester does not always have the latest value of the data, i.e., the data is transitory. Shared memory is utilized so that the open system can have direct access to the data location, the data location being the only copy of the data thereby ensuring that the open system always has access to the latest data value.
The structure of the physical modules, in particular the module CPU 38, is such that various tasks are executing under the control of an operating system. In order to minimize the impact to the physical module and therebypotentially introducing new errors and reducing the reliability, the interface communication is achieved by adding a new task in the module CPU38, the new task performing a parasitic function. The newly added task intercepts data between tasks or between nodes and passes the data to the open system before the originally intended recipient has access to the data. Thus, the open system can use/modify the data and then pass it on tothe originally intended recipient (or assume the role of the intended recipient with respect to the data). The direct access to the module memory 40 by the coprocessor 200 is achieved through the use of shared memory, the coprocessor mapping the shared memory in its addressable memory location. Thus the coprocessor only has access to the data of the module memory in which it has knowledge of where the data is located within module memory through a pointer in the shared memory 202. The coprocessor mapping is achieved via virtual memory mapping techniques wellknown those skilled the art. The newly added task performs the loading of the pointers in the shared memory and also performs a translation of the data in the module memory such that the data is meaningful to the open system.
The coprocessor 200 also communicates directly to the graphics card 150 by a direct path, second channel, 159 essentially the same as the communication between the coprocessor 200 and shared memory 202. The interface consists of two distinct elements that are coupled through a shared memory 158 on the graphics card 150. A first logic element or task which implements the communication function is executed by the coprocessor200 connected to the card bus 152. The first logic element executes on the graphics card, i.e., a graphics processor 160. When the second logic element is started, the shared memory 158 is memory mapped into the address range of the second element address range. The second element executing in the coprocessor 200, after the graphics card 150 is started, loads the graphics processor 160 with the necessary program functions stored in the coprocessor 200. The second element executing in the coprocessor 200 passes messages to the graphics processor 160 through the shared memory 158 of graphics card 150. Messages are passed with the use of pointers, the pointers being kept in a structure of the shared memory 158 with both the coprocessor 200 addressing and the graphics processor 160 addressing. Through the use of passing messages, the control of the display unit is perfoiled, including various data information, command information, and validation or status checks. These checks and validationsare described in related application b.
It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that various configurations may be implemented in capturing the spirit and scope of thepresent invention. For example the coprocessor 200A can have additional channels to the open systems. Additional coprocessors 200B with corresponding shared memory 202B can be interfaced to any of the physical modules. Further since the module CPU 38 can communicate via the LCN 120 with any of the other physical modules the need to interface a coprocessor200 and shared memory 202 to an individual physical module is unnecessary since, as mentioned above the module CPU 38 can communicate with any otherphysical modules on the LCN 120. The co-processor 200A is shown interfacingwith the physical module N, the physical module being the universal station122. This is indicated by the graphics card 150 being attached to the module bus 36N, the graphics card giving the physical module the personality as discussed above. The coprocessor 200A interfaces to the open system via an open system protocol, in the specific example and in the preferred embodiment the X-windows protocol. In a similar fashion coprocessor 200B interfaces to the open system, in this case an HP computer platform using a predefined available protocol. By providing the logic within the coprocessor and within the newly added task added to the various module CPU's, the interface with the proprietary LCN network is thereby achieved.
The module CPU 38 executes a set of tasks under an operating system. These tasks execute the various tasks and utilize existing interfaces to access the location of and movement of data within the process control system 10.The primary function of these tasks is to provide the predetermine functions consistent with the personality of the physical module. In addition, the present invention adds a task for implementing the method ofthe present invention which services requests for data by the coprocessor 200. In addition, the newly added task provides a translation of the process control system data (or LCN data) usable by the coprocessor 200. The newly added task executes the requested service in the module CPU 38 and passes a pointer to the coprocessor by a shared memory 202 so that thecoprocessor does not have to wait for a copy of the data. This also insuresuniqueness through use of a single copy of the data when it is maintained dynamically by the module CPU 38, or any other physical module of the process control system 10. The pointer value passed to the coprocessor 200, points to a virtual memory location in which the module memory 40 is mapped. Thus, the coprocessor 200 can directly access module memory 40 utilizing the pointer value, the data having been translated by the moduleCPU 38 into a form compatible with and usable by the coprocessor 200, The coprocessor 200 can have more than a single request from more than a single requestor of the open systems. In such case, the shared memory 202 is mapped into a virtual memory format allocating virtual memory space forthe various requestors.
The coprocessor 200 includes logic which interfaces with and communicates with the newly added task of the module CPU 38. The coprocessor 200 logic performs functions to utilize and conform to establish industry standard interfaces recognizied by the commercial software. In this interface the software functions as a server which provides a unique interface path for module CPU 38 for each program of the open system that requests its services. An application software package which executes on the coprocessor 200 is designed and implemented using commercial tools, software utilities, and data libraries. The application is designed to utilize the capabilities afforded by the commercial software to perform service not available on the process control system 10. Such services may include access of data on multiple open system computer platforms within the outside systems environment which are not compatible with the process control system 10 environment. These services are combined with the capability to access the process control system data needed to perform theapplication. Functionally, each application software program utilizes a defined set of generic or general purpose requests to access process control system data and functions. These requests utilize industries standard data format representations that is easily exchanged with and manipulated by commercial software programs. The interface function of thecoprocessor 200 provides the service of passing these requests to the process control system physical module. The module CPU 38 of the physical module translates the service to its proprietary LCN form and executes therequest. The response is returned to the requesting open system by the coprocessor 200 in a form which the application software can interpret.
It is also desired to open up the graphics interface such that a display which is not on the LCN can be displayed onto the CRT 151 of the US 122. This is achieved by the interface to the graphic card 150 from the co-processor 200. Referring to FIG. 7, there is shown a block diagram of the graphics card 150 of the preferred embodiment. The graphics card includes a card bus 152. Attached to the card bus 152 is a data memory 154which contains the information which is to be displayed onto the CRT, and also contains some control information. A microprocessor 156 is also coupled to the card bus 152 and further is coupled to the module bus 36. Agraphics processor 160 is coupled to the card bus 152 and performs all the processing for developing the information stored in the data memory 154, including some control functions. A shared memory 158 is coupled to the card bus 152. A connection is made from the card bus 152 to the co-processor 200, thereby providing the interface mentioned above to the graphics card 150 from the co-processor 200. The microprocessor 156 of thepreferred embodiment of the graphic card 15 is a Motorola 68020 processor. The graphics card 150 is a two port graphics card, one port of the graphics card being tied to the module bus 36 which is how a display is driven from LCN. The LCN 120 provides a "single window to the process," i.e., a screen display of what the process/process control system is doing. The second port is coupled to the co-processor 200 and provides thewindows interface for the universal station 122. The windows interface is the X-windows interface which is well defined and well known to those skilled in the art (the interface being defined by MIT, Cambridge, Mass.).It is through the interface from the co-processor 200 that all the window displays [i.e., the screen display (s) of the open system (s)] and windowscontrols are performed, including commands to the graphic card 150 to specify where to place the single window to the process on the screen of the CRT 151. The interface between the graphics card 150 and the co-processor 200 is the full windows interface. One of the windows is the display referred to above as the "single window to the processor" (sometimes referred to as the LCN window). The co-processor 200 commands the graphics card 150 where the LCN window is to be placed on the CRT 151 and its relative size on the display. X-windows is a well defined protocolof how to communicate with the graphics card 150 (or any graphics card) anddisplay, and a computer permitting many windows to be displayed. This includes displaying at least one window from the LCN and/or at least one window from the open system 300. In this system, a server is defined in X-windows as the machine that is driving the display (or that portion of the co-processor 200 which interfaces to the graphics card 150), and a client is the application program, in the present embodiment, the DEC processor 300.
The client 300 can have data which is desired to be displayed. The client 300 communicates with the server portion of the co-processor 200 through an X-windows protocol indicating data to be displayed. The server portion of the co-processor 200 communicates with the graphics card 150 through a device dependent layer (DDL) and is provided by the vendor of the graphicscard, or in X-windows is via DDX protocol. The microprocessor 156 maintainsthe integrity of the card bus 152 into the data memory 154. The processing of the data to be displayed on the CRT 151 is performed by the graphics processor 160. When a predetermined data screen is to be displayed, the microprocessor 156 (which accepts requests from the LCN 120 via module bus36) places the data in shared memory 158, and is subsequently processed by the graphics processor 160, and is then stored in data memory 154. When the open system 300 (via the client) desires to display some information, the information is communicated to the server portion of the co-processor 200 which then stores the information in the shared memory 158. The graphics processor 160 then processes that information and stores it in the data memory 154 for display. In that manner, and under the control of the graphics processor 160, the plurality of displays, i.e., windows, is displayed on the CRT 151.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the X-window protocol is essentially the open interface standard, the X-window protocolbeing readily available and well known to those skilled in the art. In the preferred embodiment the UNIX operating system is utilized, the UNIX operating system being able to run on many commercially available processors. Further information on the preferred embodiment of the graphics card 150 of the preferred embodiment of the US 122 can be had by reference to U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,490,797 and 4,663,619, although it will be understood that any graphics card can be utilized as discussed above. The graphics processor 160 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a Texas Instruments (TI) TMS 34020. The microprocessor 156 and the module CPU 38 is a Motorola 68020. The co-processor 200 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a Motorola 68040, having bus capability with the other microprocessors of the system. It will be understood that a variety of processors can be utilized including a reduced instruction set processor which is available from Hewlett Packard among other processor manufacturers.
Although the preferred embodiment utilizes the UNIX operating system, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that any operating system can be utilized, including OSF1, Open Systems Foundation/USA, Cambridge, Mass. Although the co-processor 200 is controlling the display in the preferred embodiment the graphics card can also perform the display control. Since X-windows was readily available and performed the desired display control function, X-windows was utilized to take advantage of the availability of the desired control function. It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that implementation of the present invention is not limited to X-windows, and that any protocol can be utilized.
Thus it can be seen that the process control system 10 is open system permitting other system to interface into the LCN of the process control system and, because of the communication scheme as described above, the integrity of the process control system 10 is maintained.
Further, if the co-processor 200 is running and controlling the display unit 151 (and in particular the actual display on the screen of the display unit 151) and a malfunction occurs or some other anomaly occurs tothe co-processor 200, the function of the graphics card 150 guarantees thata single view of the process control system is maintained. As discussed above, the co-processor is connected into the US 122 and has (and controls) a graphical interface through the display 151 and keyboard 153.
Referring to FIG. 8, which comprises FIGS. 8A and 8B, there is shown an example of two displays of the display unit 151. FIG. 8A shows an example of a typical normal display and FIG. 8B shows a display when an anomaly occurs with the co-processor 200, or the fallback display. FIG. 8A shows, for example, the windows which can be displayed. The windows always include a "view of the process" i.e. a control view from the process control system 10. Also included can be, for example, a window showing event history (a process control system application) coming from an outside system, running a process control system application, for example a DEC computer system 300 as shown in FIG. 5. Another window can be data coming from another outside computer system (not shown), for example such as an Apple computer. This computer system can be running another application program referred to as documentation (in the preferred embodiment of the process control system the documentation of the process control system is created on an Apple computer). Still another window can be displayed, for example, lab data, coming from a Hewlett Packard computer system. The windows, except for the control view, are displayed on a single screen of the display unit 151, the display information for these windows coming from a number of outside computer systems connected into the co-processor 200. If an error is detected with the co-processor 200, the method of the present invention guarantees that the display windows from the outside systems are inhibited and the control view is theonly display shown and is zoomed to take up the entire screen of the display unit 151. This observation also serves as an indication to the operator that a malfunction has occurred with the interface to the outsidesystems.
The graphics card 150 has two input communications channels, as discussed above, a first channel is to the LCN 120 via the microprocessor 156/modulebus 36 and a second channel is to the co-processor 200 via the microprocessor 156/card bus 152. The first channel is a fail safe channel and utilizes all the same mechanisms that is utilized by the LCN 120. The microprocessor 156 of graphics card 150 grants the communication of the first channel (i.e., the channel to the LCN 120) a higher priority than that of the second channel. The data received from the first channel is maintained securely by the graphics card 150 in order to insure that the co-processor 200 cannot corrupt that data, i.e., the co-processor 200 doesnot have direct access to the module memory 40 and the data memory 154.
The second channel provides, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the X-windows environment, i.e., the open systems OSF (Open Systems Foundation Standard). Also as has been mentioned above, the X-windows is a standard which defines a protocol between different computer systems to allow them to display from any of the computers connected to the display, thereby being able to achieve the windows display as discussed hereinunder in conjunction with FIG. 8
In order to maintain the integrity of the process control system 10 the system includes those functions which guarantees that the control view will always be maintained. Therefore, if any malfunction occurs to the machines on the outside network to cause the co-processor 200 to malfunction (i.e., X-windows to crash), the control view is the primary (or fallback) view to the operator. The process control system 10 (i.e., the modules of the process control system 10 and specifically the operatorstation 122) takes control of the graphics and displays the control view. The reliability of the process control system is very high, thus it is highly certain that the control view can always be displayed. The control view display data comes from the LCN totally independent of the co-processor 200 of the opens systems network. However, everything else onthe display comes from the open systems network. In the preferred embodiment the X-windows environment, the co-processor 200 is controlling the windows. The co-processor 200 is communicating with the graphics card 150, i.e., passing along all the data collected from the open systems network and passing along the control display information, thereby controlling the display. However the coprocessor 200 is not drawing the control view, but is controlling where on the screen the control view is displayed.
The display example of FIG. 8 has all the display information and control information stored in the data memory 154 of graphics card 150. The control view data is inputted into the data memory 154 of graphics card 150 from the LCN 122 by a module bus 36 and microprocessor 156. All the display data of the other views is inputted to the graphics card 150 from the co-processor 200. This data is stored in the data memory 154 via card bus 152, shared memory 158, and graphics processor 160. The graphics processor 160 is processing the inputs and storing the results in the datamemory 154 in a predetermined format consistent with the control commands from the co-processor 200 and in a format consistent with the information as is anticipated by the display unit 151.
While there has been shown what is considered the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be manifest that many changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the essential scope and spirit of the invention. It is intended, therefore, in the annexed claims to cover all such changes and modifications that fall within the true scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
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The Oklahoma Secondary School Activities Association coaches' rankings system is online and has been updated with the rankings for volleyball and fast-pitch softball.
You can find the rankings at OSSAARankings.com. The rankings will be available each Monday at 4 p.m.
The site will manage rankings for basketball, fall baseball, volleyball, swimming, slowpitch softball, and Class 4A-B in spring baseball and fastpitch softball.
Spring baseball and fastpitch softball teams in Class 6A and Class 5A play within districts, and those standings can also be found on the site. In addition, district standings for football, dual team wrestling and soccer can be found on the site.
Teams in all sports can post scores, schedules, rosters and photos to the site.

subset: commoncrawl


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Since 1999, Northwest Classic Auto Mall has offered cars from 1989 and older vehicles, both locally and worldwide. Whether you're looking for an older classic, hot rod, rat rod or a vehicle in the 80's, we invite you to browse our listings of vehicles.
1955 Chevrolet 3100 Pickup Will consider reasonable offers. If you are interested in this truck or have any questions, please call Larry at 541-980-2185 3100 Custom Cab '73 International... More
This is a 1981 Chev C-10 pro-street hotrod. If you are interested in this vehicle or have any questions, please contact Bob at 360-520-6899 This is a... More


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|Hampton Inn Folly Beach properties are listed below. Search for cheap and discount Hampton Inn hotel prices in Folly Beach, SC for your personal or business trip. We list the best Hampton Inn Folly Beach hotels & motels so you can review the Folly Beach Hampton Inn hotel list below to find the perfect place.
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text:
(USA TODAY) In December, Selena Gomez announced that she was canceling the Australia leg of her tour because she needed to "spend some time on myself."
Now, Radar Online is reporting that Gomez checked herself into a rehab facility in January to do just that.
"Emotional issues" prompted a quiet, "secret" two-week stay at The Meadows recovery facility in Wickenburg, Ariz., on Jan. 5., says the site.
Gomez's rep, Brit Reece confirms to USA TODAY that: "Selena voluntarily spent time at Meadows, but not for substance abuse."
The visit was prompted by a need for a rest, not partying, just as Gomez told fans in December: "It has become clear to me and those close to me that after many years of putting my work first, I need to spend some time on myself in order to be the best person I can be."
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Artist pairs bold with subtle in scholarship-driven show
The first painting likely to catch your eye when you walk into Michael Abel's solo show, Monumental Contradiction , is a piece in three parts called "MONU," which depicts a building fallen on its side. You'll notice it at first mainly because it's cascaded at three different angles, one of which is a low tilt from the ground.
"I like the idea of contradicting myself, a lot," says Abel, explaining the title of the show. "['MONU'] is about the rise and fall of the icon in architecture, and I like reversing that, and now, it's [about] the rise and fall of the icon of my own painting."
"MONU" is actually one of the few paintings in the show that has been previously exhibited. Most of Monumental Contradiction is a fresh body of work produced as a result of a new scholarship — founded by Dr. Susannah and Dr. George Kurian — for students in the University of Calgary's art department.
"The original proposal was to paint the most iconic buildings in North American cities and the themes of their NBA teams," explains Abel.
And that's exactly what you see. Abel's style is highly textural, using gobs and oozes of paint as well as found objects like baseballs and basketball hoops. From a distance, his style is clean and geometric, delineating skyscraping architecture from cities like New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Detroit and Toronto.
"You'll see interesting shadow play in a lot of Michael's works, where the shadow seems to contradict what the mass of the buildings are actually doing," says Jenna Swift, the show's curator, "so you get the effect that these massive towers and clocks are kind of levitating, which is physically impossible."
Upon closer inspection, however, you'll find a multitude of finer details like sketches, taped textures, or graffiti-like scrawls scratched into the paint. Some of these cues are particularly subtle, like a faint outline of Bruce Willis' face in Space Jam , which depicts what used to be known as the Willis Tower.
The NBA touches are varied, ranging from team colours to logos to depictions of actual players. Abel explains that he uses the team colours as a pop culture reference intended to distract the viewer. Swift adds: "I see it also as a way to brand and cite these compositions," as each piece of architecture depicted is closely tied to its home city, just as the teams are.
The Kurians' scholarship, called My First Professional Exhibition, is intended to provide an opportunity for promising students to hold their first solo show, as is the case for Abel. From here, he's going on to his masters of architecture at the University of Toronto — so it's no surprise that metropolitan buildings were the linchpin of this exhibition.
"Architecture is very political, there are so many underlying meanings," he says. "You can look at architecture as conceptual art."


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80s -Jantzen- Mens black, grey, brown and off white v-neck totally 80s geometric weave acrylic knit long sleeve Cosby style cardigan sweater with flat rib knit hem and optional roll back cuffs. This would make you the word in the ladies mouths when paired with a turtle neck and wool pants.
Sorry, this item has SOLD.
View other Mens 1980's Totally Sweaters - Cardigan
48Chest (Mens XL), 35Sleeve, Tall
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Approx Shipping Weight 1.31 lbs.
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text:
Lefkáda: Attractions and more...
Lefkada boasts of some very colourful and beautiful beaches in the region. Most of the beaches are surrounded by cliffs and picturesque conditions. The perfect wind condition of the island makes the beaches an excellent venue for windsurfing and kite surfing. Some of these beaches are Porto Katsiki, Kathisma, Agios Nikitas, Pefkoulia, Nikiana and Vassiliki.
Of the various monuments in Lefkada, the St. Maura Castle is most impressive. Situated at the entrance of the island, it is one of the most imposing castles of its era and is an excellent example of mediaeval fortress architecture.
The Orpheus Society Folk Art Museum houses an interesting collection of exhibits like Lefkadian textile, the Lefkadian loom, traditional costumes etc.
Lefkada hosts several festivities in the month of August celebrating art and literature. It also has an International Folklore Festival. Together, it provides for a very unique and artistic experience.
What to see in detail
Latest reviews Lefkáda
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|Ithaca - 19.7 mi
The beaches of Ithaca provide tourists with many opportunities for entertainment. Those who enjoy water sports can engage in some snorkelling. The beaches are also a very good...


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FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of the decorative shoe accessory of the instant invention;
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view thereof;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a decorative shoe accessory removed from the shoe;
FIG. 4 is a rear view thereof;
FIG. 5 is a right side view thereof;
FIG. 6 is a left side view thereof;
FIG. 7 is a top end view thereof; and,
FIG. 8 is a bottom end view thereof.
The portions of the Figures shown in broken lines are for illustrative purposes only and form no part of the claimed design.


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It is clear that figuring out developmental education in colleges and universities across the country is as important as any other issue related to improving the percentage of Americans with a college degree.
For many years this collection of innocuous prerequisites generally went unnoticed and was conceptually unrelated to degree completion. In recent years, however, the number of students enrolled in developmental education courses combined with the cost of offering them, has demanded more attention.
More than half of students in the nation's community colleges and nearly 70 percent of students attending Minority-Serving Institutions require at least one developmental education course en route to a college degree. College level math and writing represent the most prolific skill deficits students bring to campus.
The national dialogue exclaiming that developmental education programs do not work is not only a false declaration but a futile approach to improving student persistence and ultimately degree completion.
A number of states have withdrawn support for developmental education courses based on the notion that they are expensive, ineffective, and do not belong in four-year colleges and universities. In a few instances, state scholarship programs no longer allow funds to be used to take developmental education courses.
Improving degree completion, however, will require institutions to serve students more effectively and a policy environment that does not marginalize developmental education or attempt to relegate it to community colleges.


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REIDIN.com sales price indices also show 19% growth in Abu Dhabi real estate market
Some areas see sales prices rise 75% in a year, with average rents up 20% - Asteco
Residential property prices increase by more than 16% in past year, says REIDIN index
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Villas and apartments back on downward trend after relatively promising October
Villa values appreciate marginally, apartment prices slip by 1% - REIDIN.com
New RERA-partnered index shows apartment prices drive decline with 2.88% drop.
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Apartment prices fall by 2.43% while villas are cheaper by 2.40% - Reidin.com
Reidin data shows apartment prices dropped 2.25% month-on-month in July.
REIDIN.com index shows 0.35% decline last month following 1.23% fall in May.
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Comment Re: For iOS so you don't need to go read. (Score 3, Informative) 89
For android too.
For android too.
Better performance in higher density areas. If you're within wifi range of 50 residences, each of which has their own wired uplink, they still have to share the same wireless spectrum. More is better.
Generally articles that can be responded to by quoting Betteridge's law are not worthy of further discussion.
That's good because you'll have to now.
Anycast is not a magic pill.
If you set up one DNS server on the east coast, another on the west coast, with anycast, it will still suck.
You'd need an anycast DNS server in every ISP in every metro area to match end users simply using their ISP provided local DNS servers.
Encrypting the password.
I always thought it sounded like: my life for hire.
Wired networks used to use a sort of timeslot based system, we called it token ring. Then we discovered that collision detection and backoff could work better and have no central authority. We call it Ethernet.
No, Ethernet was cheaper not faster. And you're talking about 15 years ago.
Current Ethernet products meet those requirements already in a chip that costs <$10.
Current Ethernet chips that you might find in a NIC handle the original half duplex spec, which offers no protection against people trying to "cheat." They also handle the much more popular full duplex mode of operation that requires either a point to point connection with another host, or a connection to a switch.
Ethernet switches and layer 3 switches are the devices that control traffic flow and isolate one host from another. And they are expensive, and centralized.
Ethernet's modern reputation for speed is based on using switches not hubs.
So they can plan, get to the apple store in a coordinated manner, steal the equipment, fence it, split the money, and be ready for the next cycle in 31 seconds?
You can only say that due to the absurdity of any other interpretation, not due to any clear communication by the author.
Wow, according to the article, the laser is supersonic. Good to know.
Flash won't die and create a void. It has to be forced out by something that meets market demands.
I think the Iranians hate their own government more than the US government, by a lot.
I assume that to mean the average yearly maximum.
You're missing the point.
If poor netbook penetration was responsible for Microsoft's 8% decline, why aren't we seeing a boost when the penetration is high?
The answer is, netbooks weren't responsible for the 8% decline either.
"What people have been reduced to are mere 3-D representations of their own data." -- Arthur Miller


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MMA News
Manager Confirms Seagal Did Add To Silva And Machida's Game
"People can say what they want about Steven Segal. He understands fighting man. He does understand fighting… People always ask 'is that all really true?' Let me tell you something, I'm not going to tell you that Steven Segal taught Anderson Silva or taught Lyoto how to do that kick. But I can definitely tell you that Steven Segal – I saw with my own two eyes – I walked back into the Blackhouse and saw Steven Segal telling Anderson to make adjustments … I remember him saying 'make your knee go up high, because if you make your knee go up high the guy is not going to see your foot come' – and that's exactly what he did. So did he teach him that? No. Did he perfect it? Maybe he just reminded him that it could work. I don't know what he did, but he did something. Because I personally saw him doing that kick, and I personally saw him work Lyoto with that kick."
Many people poke fun at Master Steven Seagal for his conitnueing campaign stating he helped Anderson Silva knock out Vitor Belfort and helped Lyoto Machida take out Randy Couture.
Blackhouse manager Ed Soares went on record recently while a guest on Beauty and Da Beast podcast with Joey Karate and set the record state for all the doubters!
Read More: Steven Seagal (News), UFC, Mixed Martial Arts
40 Responses to "Manager Confirms Seagal Did Add To Silva And Machida's Game"
steven steagal turned down a fight with jean claude van-demme at a party hosted by Sylvester stallone… true story
yeah, I was there…and then Dolph Lungren got all sauced up and said fuck it, i'll fight him but jcvd was like no, you too big, son and then Jackie chan said, hey, you wuss I do it all the time, then all of a sudden, a "shhhh" came from the corner of the room and everyone fell silent automatically. It was actually Chuck Norris from his house 20 kms away. All the ruckus was picked up by his super ears and he had to remind all and sunder who the real boss was….True story
p.s It Takes many years of dedication and nuance to be a master at any martial art. Steven Seagal actually learned from true masters in Japan,became a true master himself and is seen as one of the major proliferators of the art of Aikido worldwide. To disparage the fact that he could add something to Silva's and Machida's game is beyond silly just because he faffs around on tv and is a hollywood celebrity albeit D list.In his prime, he would have broken JCVD like a twig. I sparred with Van Damme in '92 in Holland( me and Pele Reid…google him..I was his training partner for many year)nothing special.
Yeah, I was there too, I was doing shots with Lungren and got him to call out JCVD while we were making fun of Jackie Chan (we got him all fucked up on coke). I was actually the guy who called Norris to come to the party (we ended up doing titty shots with Kelly LeBrock who was Segal's wife at the time, I tapped that ass later in the bathroom.) I sparred with JCVD too and caught him with a double axel, flip, reverse, crane kick and he dedicated his movie Kickboxer to my greatness. I kind of remember you Lionslayer, weren't you the guy who delivered the pizzas?
LMAO!!!!! +1 to the master thing though.
Steven Segal is a BOSS!
Maybe that's why Jones was able to choke Machida out. Steven Seagal was choked out by Gene LeBell. Shows that their camp lacks training in choke defense.
+1. and then seagal proceeded to piss himself
And that's why Jones has Anderson Silva as his MMA hero in his UFC profile. Seagal is legit.
People have been hating ever since that joker Bas "bum fights" Rutten talked shit about him. What is so difficult to understand about him making adjustments to that kick?
wtf are u talking about bas is legit as hell wow you are a scrub.
Bas fought crappy fighters and couldn't even beat Ken Shamrock given two chances. Having a MMA show doesn't give him the right to bash a true martial artist like Steven Seagal… People forget that MMA is not wrestling. It's mixed martial arts. And Seagal just happens to have black belts in Judo, Karate, Kendo, and Aikido (7th dan).
ive been chatting shit about seagal for over a decade, bas and rogan just stating the fkin obvious. guy is a compulsive lyer and lives his own lies.
Bas would break Segal in half like an old breakstick.
But everyone has been talking shit ever since this clown appeared. It's my opinion that Steve must be the coke/party guy and they all just patronize him cause he has the good drugs/hookers and is fucking hilarious. I think Anderson and Lyoto are just star-struck and like to have this "movie" star hanging around…. They don't know he's a super douche/hollywood turd ball, and are too nice to tell this fat-headed fool to take a hike.
Thank you! There are a lot of Hollywood turds but no one wants to admit it.
i hate ed soares more than i hate seagal
Machida learned this kick in Karate!
People forget that Steven Seagal also have black belts in Karate, Judo, and Kendo. He's known for Aikido because he has a 7th dan on it. He can kick, but of course we know he's old now. But he can still teach…Back then there were no UFC, Pride,or Strikeforce where Seagal could join and compete, and martial artist then focused on real fighting – which includes biting, eyegauging, and groinkicks.
Asking Seagal to compete now would be like asking Bas to go fight Anderson Silva. Of course we know what will happen since Bas couldn't even beat Ken Shamrock given two chances already. Bas has two black belts and has reached 2nd dan as well. Seagal knows more, and Blackhouse respects him.
I'm a little surprised they learned that kick from him because I thought Aikido was about redirecting your attackers energy against them. I've never taken a class but I've watched people who practice Aikido.
Ninja oreo is right,Aikido does'nt use kicks..
You're wrong!! aikido does use kicks! There are several styles of Aikido… some use kicks. Steven is a 7th DAN Master he's familiar with all styles. Other than that, Aikido is not the only martial art Seagal specializes in. Karate, Kendo, Judo and some other disciplines i can't think of right now are part of his arsenal too. Seagal is LEGIT as can be…
Seems odd to me………………………….. On April 12, 2010, 23-year-old Kayden Nguyen filed a lawsuit against Seagal in Los Angeles Country Superior Court claiming sexual harassment, illegal trafficking of females for sex, failure to prevent sexual harassment, retaliation, wrongful termination, and false representation about employment,[33][34] that specified damages exceeding one million dollars.On July 14, 2010, three months after Nguyen made her claims against Seagal, the case was voluntarily dismissed by the plaintiff without any public explanation.
The plaintiff received a front snap kick to the face and was never heard from again.
^^^^ epic response
Aahhh perfect, I just read that mid sip of my beer and spit newcastle all over my phone I laughed so hard
i just shit whitecastle all over my laptop
Perhaps the court realized Nguyen was just citing from Seagal's Out of Reach (2004) movie?
Still think it's all bullshit. Don't trust anything that comes out of Ed Soares mouth anyways.
Seagal probably has a virtual encyclopedia of martial arts in hiss head. Im sure his chunky ass cant do any of it but as far as a source of knowledge im sure he has alot to offer
I don't know why so many people piss on Seagal. Or they just like to hate on celebrities for fun. Or, I see that they really believe the hate. One they're the type of practicioner/fighter, who spends hours in the gym, lifting weights thinking the extra muscle strength makes their punch much better, or a better fighter. Those of you, who actually "know" how to fight understand. Perfect example- BJ Penn. He ain't huge, but he's technically sound in delivering EXPLOSIVE, speed and power. So, this group of fans, the ones who don't know how to fight, don't understand? I think what Segal meant, which I believe he's clarified himself, was that he taught them his variation of his kick. True, a kick is a kick. But there are different ways to make the kick more effective. Maybe his variation, includes a variety of tactics, feints, and different leveraging. I'm sure a newbie's kick isn't as sophisticated as Anderson's kick. Maybe, Seagal's variation is more sophisticated than Anderson's. I ain't saying he's a better mma fighter. But, the dude does know something. C'mon, he's the first American to open a Dojo in Japan. An 8th degree. AGAIN, maybe he isn't a better MMA fighter, but he most likely is a better striker. Kinda like why a lot of K-1 fighters have their background from martial arts. The transition is easer. I know personally, the transition was easy for me. I already knew how to relax and strike. I'm not saying I'm good (So stfu to all those who just want to hate). But all this hate, and no credit for so long. Personally, I think he does have value to offer. Does he probably want to use this media exposure to make films. Probably. But what's the big deal, he's smart about it. Fun is fun, but at least give the 8th degree, a practicioner since the age of 17. Cocky, or full of himself, or sex slave collector, he's still a good martial artist. Note, i did not say mma fighter.
true dat man, 1 slut ah ah ah 2 slut ah ah ah
I'm hating on you. couldn't read more than 2 lines just cos of the wall of text.
learn to use paragraphs.
People look at Segal like he's been old and fat his entire life. The man is pretty reputable and knows his stuff. If the best fighter on the world is working with him I think that's credit enough. What does Silva gain if Segal is a bum?
segal has more hair now then he did when he was younger,
he has been a fat cunt for 15-16 years?
he pretends to be a cop and has been made honorary dept sherrif cos hes famous and can do a show where he pretends to talk "hood"
he has not been in one professional or amateur fight in his life.
he claimed to be a navy seal untill it was proven he cannot sail lol.
guy is a fucking joke, hes used his "famous" stature to get in with silva who he knows has a high chance of winning all his fights, talked to him about a kick that is pretty standard in silva's repetoir and since he landed it hes boasting everywhere.
watch the interview when he talks about it, he puts his hand out to the audience to cheer him when he mentions their names.
yes he knows aikido but the amount he tought them has nothing to do with his art and not enough time spent with them to establish whether he is a bullshitter or not.
everyone and anyone that has worked, married, fucked, been forced upon by segal states he is a grade A bullshitter.
best thing is its obvious he is a compulsive lyer and people still buy into it……
gotta give it to segal for inventing the front kick…..
Segal can teach martial arts or help someone else improve upon their current skills. For Christ sake, the guy saved a navy ship from a psychopathic Tommy Lee Jones, exploded a speeding train full of terrorists, blew up an oil rig run by Michael Caine (shoving John C. McGinley's face in a helicopter propeller and killing R. Lee Ermey in the process), fist fought DMX, and drove a police tank through a man's home to bust a cock-fighting ring. The guy is a fucking legend.
the dude is a nut job… he shows up on Kimmel's show in a COAT (the cheapest garbage outfit you will ever see)… the show is (obviously) indoors but why would u take your coat off ? 😉 his coat, that he has fully buttoned up… Kimmel opens with a little joke and he reacts (almost offended), "Oh, are we funny ?! But then again we are with the funny man !"… the guy's been in showbiz for almost 30 years and doesn't know how to behave (and more importantly portray himself) on a late night show… what a small minded idiot… nobody has seen the guy in a late night show in years – BECAUSE HE HAS NOTHING TO PROMOTE THAT IS BETTER THAN D LEVEL GARBAGE – and that's how he chooses to use that opportunity… u can see it in his eyes that he has a complex and wants to prove himself as just so many people make fun of him… what he doesn't understand is, it's not because of his martial arts skill set but because he is just so full of himself… if u asked him, those weren't (D LEVEL) movies, that is real life footage… ;-))) now regarding him "teaching" (better: talking to) Silva and Machida, I believe that. He has vast knowledge of martial arts (and prob some very effective techniques) and he can definitely give some (small) input on additional techniques to use regarding punches and kicks, and that's what he said on Kimmel with a little promotional factor ("they knocked champions out") but that's okay… everybody does that… he's not gonna tell or "teach" Silva or Machida how to win an MMA fight (as Seagal wouldn't survive 8 sec in the cage) but since MMA is the cumulation of many martial arts and transitioning from one to another, he might have some interesting tips for certain things… nothing more… and yeah, Silva and Machida behave like Hollywood groupies… of a D LEVEL actor… ;-)))
the dude is just such a nut job… so Kimmel runs out of time – unfortunately as Seagal had some interesting stories about his time in Japan – so Kimmel thanks him, and he (nobody knows why) stands up, bows to the fans, TURNS HIS BACK to the camera and just stands there with his back to the camera… IN HIS COAT… blocking Kimmel… hahahahahahahaha they had to switch to another camera to close off the show in a different angle… AFTER 30 YEARS IN SHOWBIZ… wow…
a friend of mine edited one if his movies and he told me the story why so many (D LEVEL) production companies don't wanna work with him because he demands that – in post production – they edit his DOUBLE CHIN out – NO JOKE… which obviously doubles and triples budgets (for his D LEVEL movies) as that has to be done frame by frame…
I would like to see him in some sort of contest against Rutten, obviously it can't be in the cage as Seagal never trained for that… something that would be a fair contest just to see the two go at each other… ;-))) and Rutten only hating on Seagal (and I'm for sure not defending Steven "jabba the hut" Seagal) b/c he's jealous he's not getting any movie offers, not even D level… at least Seagal has shot 500 D level movies… Rutten another candidate that is so full of himself… yeah, he would still fight (even in his age) but his knees, his knees (making sure to mention it every second he can)… when the truth is, quote Rutten:"I stopped cage fighting after the Randleman fight because I said to myself this is way too dangerous for me"… his face looked like Pizza-Face from Spaceballs and he wasn't used to that coming from that Pancrase Peekaboo…
Wow what's wrong with all u there's facts and fiction
Fact lyota and silvia both went to Steven segal for guidance and help and seagal gave it to them not just once but many times
Seagul was the real deal maybe not anymore but he was real martial artist and made a living with it
If he wants to tell people thathe helped train and helped both loyota and Anderson knock out both guys in there last fight he's completely in his wright Wen u seek someone out for help and they wrk certain things with u and that certain thing knocks ur opponent out this man in show biz better let everyone no and seagull would break ever bone in bas ruttons body
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DAFVM Spotlight Employee: Zack Ivy
Zack Ivy
After growing up on a soybean farm, Zack Ivy knew he wanted to make a career of working with crops. He continues to foster his love for agriculture today in his role as a research technician at the Northeast Mississippi Branch Experiment Station in Lee County.
The work Ivy does ultimately benefits Mississippi farmers. He helps manage research plots for Dr. Normie Buehring, and the data collected there contributes to soybean and cotton variety trial information. He is also working with irrigation studies.
Ivy spends his workdays harvesting and collecting data from corn, cotton, soybeans and rice at the experiment station in Verona. Despite sometimes working in extreme heat, Ivy said he enjoys going to work each day.
"I've always had an interest in agriculture, so I really like collecting the crops and analyzing the data," Ivy said. "Sometimes I pick the crops by hand, and sometimes I use machinery. The most challenging part is just working through the heat, but I don't really mind it."
He helps his supervisor, Wesley Bass, in the shop, and is considered a good mechanic. He can operate all of the required farming equipment, including combines and tractors.
Ivy began work at the Verona R&E Center while still a high school student. After graduating early, he became a temporary worker before transitioning to full-time employment in 2012.
When he is not at work, Ivy enjoys fishing, riding 4-wheelers and hunting deer.
Editor's note: The Division of Agriculture, Forestry and Veterinary Medicine Spotlight Employee profiles are provided by the Office of Agricultural Communications at Mississippi State. For more information, please click here.


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Young The Giant played "Cough Syrup" last night on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and they were simply hypnotic. With something of a young Kings Of Leon in the verses (sing "The Bucket" along with the first verse of "Cough Syrup" and you'll see), Young The Giant are both familiar and new. Their referential (the choruses are reminiscent of The National) style is comfortable, and yet they evoke wide open, uncharted spaces in the way they play their influences off one another to create dynamism in both music and vocal.
Tuned In
Tuned In: Steven Tyler, Joe Perry And Randy Jackson "Chip Away The Stone" On Leno
American Idol judges Steven Tyler and Randy Jackson teamed up with Joe Perry on The Tonight Show With Jay Leno to give a super fun performance of Aerosmith's "Chip Away The Stone." With a full band, the veterans we're lively and animated, for what was a joy filled performance. The guys had great chemistry together on stage, and proved that age ain't nothing but a number when it comes to rocking out.
Tuned In: The Avett Brothers Cover Bob Dylan's "One Too Many Mornings" On Fallon
It's a tall order to cover the music of a legend, but last night on Late Night With Jimmy Fallon The Avett Brothers pulled it off just about as perfectly as one could hope to. Covering Bob Dylan's "One Too Many Mornings," the North Carolina band embraced the spirit of folk, giving a refined, whimsical performance. Did you love their rendition of the Dylan classic? Well never fear — The Avett Brothers' version of "One Too Many Mornings" will appear on a 4-CD box set of Dylan covers, Chimes Of Freedom, set to be released on January 24th.
Tuned In: Parachute Give Leno "Something To Believe In"
Tuned In: Adam Lambert Sings "Better Than I Know Myself" On Leno
Adam Lambert fans — this is what you've been waiting for. Performing his first single, "Better Than I Know Myself," from his forthcoming album Trespassing, last night on The Tonight Show With Jay Leno, Lambert owned the stage with his compelling presence. Looking sharp as always in his signature glam-goth style and vertiginous hair, Lambert gave an emotional performance. With an 80s, synth-led sound shaping the song, Lambert's voice soared through "Better Than I Know Myself" with confidence and ease, both chilling and uplifting, especially when he hit the high notes with his flawless rock-style vocal.
Tuned In: St. Vincent Performs A Moody "Cheerleader" For Conan
Tuned In: VH1 Posted's Kina Grannis Is "In Your Arms" On Jimmy Kimmel Live!
The adorable Kina Grannis, VH1's January Posted artist, performed a beautiful, acoustic version of "In Your Arms" for Jimmy Kimmel Live last night. It's no secret that we love Kina, and it's not hard to see why. The young performer is sincere, relatable and perfectly imperfect as she sings with true emotion. Promoting her album Stairwells, Kina took to the stage with the presence and easy charm of a veteran performer, despite her relative newness to the limelight. Her charming smile accompanying the heartfelt vocal made for a convincing performance that has stuck in our minds the same way as the passionate kind of love affair Kina sings about would. We were even lucky enough to go backstage at Jimmy Kimmel with Kina to find out all about her upcoming US and European tours. See our video after the jump!
Tuned In: Demi Lovato Sings "Give Your Heart A Break" At The People's Choice Awards
Last night at the People's Choice Awards Demi Lovato bought the house down with a power performance of "Give your Heart A Break." Appearing on a checkerboard stage atop a huge digital cube, Watch The Throne style, Lovato belted out her song to an adoring audience. Looking glamorous in a red gown, she owned the stage and ripped through the melody with her soulful voice. Not only did Lovato kill it on stage, she won the Favorite Pop Artist award over super stars Beyoncé, Katy Perry, Lady Gaga and Rihanna. All we have to say to that is "Go, Demi, GO!"


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hi-hat stand recommendations?
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Join Date: May 2013
Location: Davenport, Iowa
Posts: 990
Re: hi-hat stand recommendations?
I don't know if you're still in the market, but I play a Stagg hat stand. Now, before you think "Stagg?! I would never own one of those!" hear me out.
I found it at a local music store. It's very heavy duty, with three double braced legs, which swivel, a long rod, and spring tension adjustment. I remember I paid somewhere between $60-$80 for it brand new.
I've been playing it for two years now, and it has proven to be just as good as any high-dollar Pearl or DW stand, for a fraction of the price. It's still very responsive, and sturdy. The only downside is that you can't break down the solid base plate to more easily transport it, but that is very minor.
For the record, I have tried to research it on the internet, and I've never been able to find it. Just a few small pictures here and there, but no real information.
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text: With all the criticism for Jermaine Jones that happens to be going around after the Russia game ( despite him actually having played well, in my opinion), I think a lot of people are actually losing sight of the difficulty of the role he was asked to play. Landon Donovan himself was asked to play a pretty similar role against Costa Rica. Donovan wasn't bad in that game, but he wasn't nearly as influential or dangerous as is to be expected from him. Indeed, he struggled probably as badly as Jones did for large portions of the match. Hell, Landon even missed a sitter that made Jones' second half miss against Russia look absolutely forgiveable. Both were tasked with being the furthest central midfielder forward in a 4-3-3/4-1-4-1 where Altidore was the target striker and we had two fairly traditional wingers. What's even more interesting is that the player next to them proceeded to have superb games. Jose Torres, by most accounts, did very well in that game, dictating tempo and redistributing well. Michael Bradley as well took the reigns against Russia, although he was much more of an attacking threat than Torres turned out to be. In summary, the role Jones was/is tasked with is pretty difficult. Even if I would like to see other players tried in that role, should we persist with the 4-1-4-1/4-3-3, I think we may need to change more than just the central midfield.


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Did Kristen Stewart's Mom Just Out Her?
Jun 15, 2015 10:09 PM EDT
Kristen Stewart's mom is denying a story that ran in British tabloid The Mirror. According to the publication, Stewart's mother Jules reportedly outed her daughter, saying that she's dating her personal assistant, Alicia Cargile. The uber-private Twi… Read more


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BETTENDORF, Iowa – You don't need to just re-heat your leftovers. You can turn them into something even better than last night's entree.
Just ask Chef Brad Scott, the director of Scott Community College's Culinary Arts and Hospitality Management Center.
"You know I just love coming up with creative ideas for leftover foods," says Chef Scott.
"Last night we had some beautiful sirloin and today, for lunch time, we're going to make some wraps."
1. Thinly slice medium rare sirloin (about 1 oz per person)
2. Lay a leaf of Boston Bib lettuce down
3. Spread peanut sauce on the leaf
4. Lay sirloin strips long way over the peanut sauce
5. Add diced cucumber, chopped celery, and shredded carrrots
6. Roll together
7. Top with Hunan sauce
"You've got your greens, you've got your protiens, you've got raw vegetables, all the things that are really good for you," says the Chef.
"Serve it with a little crunchy garlic bread and you've got yourself a meal almost as good as last night's sirloin. Enjoy!"


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Start-Up Strategies
From writing a business plan to choosing a corporate structure to raising money, starting a business is full of daunting challenges. Here's how to get started.
Essential Reading
Small-Business Guide
How to Win a Business Plan Competition
It takes more than a good idea to start a business — or to win a contest for business plans.businessNews
In the Hunt
In Pitching to Angel Investors, Preparation Tops Zeal
Two studies show that faking enthusiasm and other hints at slickness can kill a deal.businessNews
Financing, With Strings Attached
Small business owners should think carefully before accepting an investor's offer of cash.businessNews
Small Business 101: How to Get Started
It has never been easier to lay the groundwork for starting a small business.businessNews
Daily Report: The GIF Start-Ups Fostering a Visual Language on Mobile
GIFs are everwhere. They are now big business, too.
August 4, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Start-ups , Venture Capital
What Yahoo Paid for Polyvore: More Than $200 Million
Yahoo disclosed last week that it was buying Polyvore, an online shopping and style site. The deal came at a considerable price.
August 3, 2015, Monday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Mayer, Marissa , E-Commerce , Mergers, Acquisitions and Divestitures , Start-ups , Venture Capital , Yahoo! Inc
Why Some Start-Ups Are Called Tech Companies and Others Are Not
For as long as there has been a commercial Internet, there has been fuzziness about what is or is not a tech company. And the question has only become more complicated.
August 2, 2015, Sunday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Computers and the Internet , Uber Technologies Inc , Venture Capital , Dichter, Kenny , Kalanick, Travis , Zandi, Mark
Microsoft Said to Invest Big Sum in Uber
Microsoft has agreed to contribute a substantial amount of the financing in a recent round, which totals about $1 billion, people with knowledge of the matter said.
August 1, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Microsoft Corp , Uber Technologies Inc , Computers and the Internet , Venture Capital , Car Services and Livery Cabs
Steep Discounts a Boon for Customers, but a Gamble for Start-Ups
As new tech companies spend huge amounts to lure customers with deals, it's a great time to be a consumer. But can these companies ever turn a profit?
July 30, 2015, Thursday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Venture Capital , Postmates Inc , Entrepreneurship , E-Commerce , Start-ups , Computers and the Internet , Silicon Valley (Calif) , Advertising and Marketing , Discount Selling , Jet.com Inc , Shopping and Retail
Stripe, Digital Payments Start-Up, Raises New Funding and Partners With Visa
The San Francisco-based digital payments start-up now has a $5 billion valuation and a partnership with Visa to help it compete.
July 28, 2015, Tuesday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Stripe Inc , Visa Inc , Start-ups , PayPal , Square Inc , Sequoia Capital , American Express Company , Mobile Commerce and Payments
Deliveroo, an On-Demand Food Delivery Service, Raises $70 Million
The London-based start-up raised an additional $70 million as its founders took advantage of the appetite for the so-called on-demand economy.
July 27, 2015, Monday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: London (England) , GrubHub , Delivery Services , Venture Capital
Square's Filing Turns Talk to Dorsey's Juggling Skills
The confidential filing allows the mobile payments start-up, which has expanded its ambitions, to keep the offering paperwork private until it is ready to seek investors.
July 25, 2015, Saturday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Dorsey, Jack , Square Inc , Twitter , Initial Public Offerings , Start-ups , Mobile Commerce and Payments
A Startup for Geeks in Gaza
Gaza Sky Geeks has sparked an unlikely startup movement in Gaza, which has an unemployment rate of 43 percent.
July 24, 2015, Friday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Thiel, Peter A , Gaza Strip , Google Inc , IndieGoGo.com , Mercy Corps , Computers and the Internet , Entrepreneurship , Palestinians , Start-ups
Blackstone C.F.O. Is Said to Be Headed to Airbnb
Laurence Tosi, chief financial officer of the Blackstone Group, is being courted for the same position by Airbnb, people briefed on the matter said.
July 24, 2015, Friday
MORE ON START-UP STRATEGIES: Airbnb , The Blackstone Group , Tosi, Laurence A Jr , Appointments and Executive Changes , Private Equity , Start-ups
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Video:Improve Your Interview Appearance and Body Languagewith Alison Doyle
Did you know that your body language can say a lot more about you than your words during a job interview? Learn to speak through your appearance and body language and create a positive impression so that you land the job!See Transcript
Transcript:Improve Your Interview Appearance and Body LanguageHi, I'm Alison Doyle for About.com. What you don't say during an interview is as important as what you do say. How you dress, your body language, and your communication skills will all be evaluated by the interviewer. Today I'm going to show you the best ways to use them to your advantage.
Job Interview CommunicationCollegeJournal reports that, according to some studies, Body language comprises 55% of the force of any response, whereas the verbal content only provides 7%, and paralanguage, or the intonation -- pauses and sighs given when answering -- represents 38% of the emphasis. To maximize the perceptions you communicate, you want to use these non-verbal impressions to your advantage.
Job Interview AttireFirst, consider your interview attire. Surveys show that dressing unprofessionally or untidily is the leading reason that candidates are excluded from consideration. This candidate already has more strikes against her than she can afford: inappropriate clothing, chewing gum, drinking coffee, and overall unprofessionalism. Dressing appropriately in a clean and professional interview outfit can increase your chances of getting a job offer.
Nonverbal Communication in InterviewsNonverbal communication is as important, or even more important, than verbal communication. The evaluation of your nonverbal communication will start as soon as you walk into the company's lobby and continue until the interview is finished. Turn off your cell phone before you enter the building. Talking on the phone during an interview is not only disruptive, it's rude.
Prepare for the InterviewPrepare answers to typical interview questions in advance, so you're comfortable responding.
Job Interview Body LanguageIt's important to make eye contact with your interviewer and to focus on the question. Stay relaxed, but do not laugh or crack jokes at inappropriate times. You should show personality, but don't overdo it because you're nervous or over-eager.
Relax and lean forward a little towards the interviewer so you appear interested and engaged. Don't lean back or slump in your chair. You will look too casual and relaxed. Keep your feet on the floor and your back against the lower back of the chair. Pay attention, be attentive, and look interested.
A polished and professional image is what is going to get you to the next stage of the hiring process, a second interview or even a job offer. Thanks for watching. To learn more visit us on the Web at About.com.
About videos are made available on an "as is" basis, subject to the User Agreement.


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