text:
A vortex flowmeter utilizes a bluff body which has three sections: An upstream head member, an intermediate section co-extensive with the head member, having a width less than that of the head member, and a tail section having a width greater than the intermediate section but less than the head section. A differential pressure sensor is mounted in the intermediate section. For different pipe sizes the head member and tail section are varied but the intermediate section width is maintained constant. This allows interchangeability of the pressure sensor in the intermediate section.
1. A flow measuring apparatus comprising a bluff body vortex generating element forming a bar having a longitudinal axis and having a cross section taken along a plane generally parallel to the direction of flow and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and being adapted to be rigidly mounted on at least one end in a stream of flowing fluid; said bar having:
a face situated to face toward and generally perpendicular to the direction of flow and having a first width in said plane perpendicular to the flow direction;
an intermediate section downstream of said face and of substantially reduced width measured in the same direction as the width of the face;
a tail section immediately downstream of said intermediate section and having a width measured in the same direction as the width of the face greater than the width of said intermediate section and less than the first width and extending outwardly from both edges of said intermediate section a desired amount;
the intermediate section being substantially imperforate and substantially co-extensive with the face and tail section in direction along the longitudinal axis; and
means mounted in said intermediate section to sense the frequency of formation of vortices which flow past the intermediate section.
2. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said face is formed on a head section of said bar, said head section having side edges of a desired length extending in the direction of flow.
3. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 1 wherein the face and tail configurations change dimension for bars used in different diameter fluid streams, and the width of the intermediate section remains substantially constant across a range of different size bars for different diameter fluid streams with which the flow measuring apparatus is utilized.
4. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 1 wherein said flow measuring apparatus is inserted in a pipe having a diameter D, and the bar longitudinal axis extends substantially across the diameter, said first width being designated as H and selected so that the ratio H/D is substantially in the range of 0.2732.
5. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 4 wherein the intermediate section has a width designated H1, and the maximum width of the tail section is designated H2, and the ratio of H2 /H1 is at least 1.14.
6. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 4 wherein the ratio of H1 /H is within the range of 0.1 to 0.3955.
7. The flow measuring apparatus of claim 1 wherein the bar cross section is substantially uniform along the entire bar longitudinal axis and the longitudinal axis extends across the diameter of a pipe in which the flow measuring apparatus is mounted, and wherein the bar includes a head section which extends from the face to the intermediate section and which has a length in direction of flow of L2, the intermediate section having a length to position where it joins the tail section of L3 when measured from the face, and wherein the tail section abruptly expands in width downstream from the end of the dimension L3 to the tail section maximum width.
8. The flow measuring device of claim 6 wherein the cross section of the bar has substantially straight sides along the intermediate section of the bar, and the straight sides form generally planar surfaces parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bar.
9. A flow measuring device using the principles of vortex formation which comprises:
a vortex generating body elongated along its longitudinal axis and adapted to be mounted on one end and to project into a fluid stream, said body having a cross section taken generally perpendicular its longitudinal axis which includes a head member having a substantial cross section width transverse to the direction of flow past the body, a substantially imperforate intermediate section fixed to said head member and extending downstream therefrom, said intermediate section having a cross section width transverse to the longitudinal axis substantally less than the width of the head member, and a tail section having a cross section width transverse to the longitudinal axis greater than the width of the intermediate section but substantially less than the width of the head member, the head member, intermediate section and tail section being substantially co-extensive in length along the longitudinal axis and the intermediate section being fixed to the head member and tail section, respectively, along the entire length of the head member and tail section in direction of the longitudinal axis;
means mounted on the intermediate section for sensing differential pressure on opposite sides of said intermediate section; and
the head member and the tail section being varied in width and length for different ranges of pipe diameter in which the flow is to be measured while the intermediate section is maintained at a substantially constant dimension to provide interchangeability of the means for sensing differential pressure in the intermediate section.
10. The device of claim 9 wherein said tail section and the intermediate section are joined by a transition portion extending outwardly on opposite sides of said intermediate section at a selected angle greater than 30� as a minimum included angle with respect to the plane of the adjacent surface of the intermediate section.
11. The device of claim 9 wherein the flowmeter has dimensions corresponding to those set forth in FIG. 4 of the drawing and is constructed with the ratios substantially in accordance with Table II of the present specification.
12. The device of claim 9 wherein said head member has a face surface facing upstream and extending transverse to the direction of flow, and a pair of protuberances on opposite edges of the head member and extending in direction from the face opposite from the flow direction.
13. The device of claim 9 wherein the intermediate section comprises curved concave surfaces along the sides thereof when viewed in transverse cross section across the bar.
14. The device of claim 9 wherein said head member has a concave face surface facing upstream and extending transverse to the direction of flow.
15. The device of claim 9 wherein said head member has a convex face surface facing upstream and extending transverse to the direction of flow.
16. A method of constructing flow measuring devices for use in pipes carrying flow which are of different diameters, comprising the steps of:
forming vortex generating bars of different lengths for mounting in corresponding selected pipe sizes, each vortex generating bar being formed to be elongated along its longitudinal axis and adapted to be mounted at one end thereof within a pipe, and to project into a fluid stream in the pipe, each bar comprising a body being formed to have a cross-section taken generally perpendicular to its longitudinal axis which includes a head member having substantial cross-section width transverse to the direction of flow past the body, and a substantially imperforate intermediate section fixed to said head member and extending downstream therefrom, said intermediate section having a cross-section width transverse to the longitudinal axis substantially less than the width of the head member, and a tail section having a cross section width transverse to the longitudinal axis greater than the intermediate section width, but substantially less than the width of the head member, the head member, intermediate section and tail section being substantially co-extensive in length along the longitudinal axis and the intermediate section being fixed with the head member and tail section, respectively, along the entire length of the head member and tail section in direction of the longitudinal axis;
varying the head member and tail section in width and length for different bodies used in measuring the flow of respective different diameter pipes, and maintaining the intermediate section at a substantially constant width dimension for each such different body; and
sensing differential in pressure on opposite sides of the intermediate section on each body using a standard differential pressure sensor that mounts in an opening in the intermediate section of each such body and which extends across the width of such intermediate section to thereby standardize the differential pressure sensor for a number of different bars used for measuring flow in different size pipes.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to flowmeters of the vortex shedding type, and more particularly to bluff body configurations for generating vortices in the flowmeter.
2. Description of the Prior Art
While the investigations of development of vortices in flow and the relationship of the frequency of formation of such vortices to the flow rate in a line date back many years, industrial quality vortex flowmeters were first introduced about in 1969. Vortex flowmeters use the phenomena of regular and alternate generation and separation of vortices from opposite sides of a suitably shaped bluff body or bar that is inserted into the fluid stream.
The basis for obtaining accuracy is to insure that the vortices are formed in a stable manner, that is that there aren't any "skips" and that the vortex shedding frequency is in fact proportional to the flow rate past the meter. In describing the vortex shedding behavior of bluff bodies, it is usual to relate the shedding frequency, bar geometry and flow rate using two nondimensional parameters. These are the Strouhal number (S) which is a proportionality constant between the vortex shedding frequency (f), the fluid velocity (v), and the maximum cross sectional width of the bar (H) given by:
S=fH/v Equation (1)
and the Reynolds number (RH) relating the fluid velocity (V), the fluid density (ρ), the fluid viscosity (μ) and the bar width (H) given by:
RH =ρvH/μ Equation (2)
The bluff bodies or bars that have a constant Strouhal number over a wide range of Reynolds numbers are considered good candidates for vortex flowmeters because their vortex shedding frequency does vary linearly with flow rate.
Vortex flowmeter manufacturers commonly choose cross sections similar to the rectangle, square, triangle or T, since such bodies shed strong vortices. Although these bars shed strong vortices, they must be linearized. Prior art devices have attempted to do this in various ways i.e. by changing the bar width (H) which affects the blockage such bar causes in the conduit or pipe. Linearity of vortex shedding to flow in the conduit remains a primary concern in using vortex shedding flowmeters for geometries that shed strong vortices.
In the prior art many cross sectional variations of bluff bodies or bars have been advanced. One early patent that illustrates a variety of cross sectional geometries for a bluff body flowmeter is the patent to W. G. Bird, U.S. Pat. No. 3,116,639, issued Jan. 7, 1964. The effect of circular cross section bluff bodies mounted ahead of splitter plates or pivoting vanes is shown. Additionally, generally triangular shaped cross sections of bluff bodies and a modified diamond type shape body are shown in FIGS. 10 and 13 of this patent. The sensing of the frequency of vortex formation was done by the use of the downstream, pivoting splitter plate.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,572,117, issued Mar. 23, 1971 to A. E. Rodely illustrates bluff body flowmeters having generally triangular shaped cross sections, as well as variations of the triangular shape. Further, in FIGS. 4C and 6A of this patent, "T" shape cross section bodies are illustrated, and a "cross shaped" cross section also is shown. U.S. Pat. No. 3,572,117 indicates that the upstream facing surface of the body should be flat or convex for increased rangeability.
In U.S. Pat. No. 3,732,731 which is owned by the same company as U.S. Pat. No. 3,572,117, a modified cross sectional shape having a rounded front face is illustrated, and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,069,708 which is also owned by this same company, a plate downstream of the bluff body is used to facilitate sensing of the shed vortices.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,693,438, issued Sept. 26, 1972 to Yamasaki et al. shows a variety of bluff body cross sectional shapes including a cylindrical body that has recesses along a portion of the length of the sides thereof for purposes of enhancing vortex formation. The bluff body response was to be free of the influences of changes in flow and eddy currents in the stream to maintain a linearity of the sensed frequency of the formation of vortices with changing fluid flow. In particular, FIG. 5 of U.S. Pat. No. 3,693,438 shows recessed sides that form a type of a dimple in cross section, while other forms show flat parallel surfaces in the recessed sections.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,948,097 also shows a flow measuring device which uses a rectangular cross section bluff body related in a particular manner to the diameter of the pipe in which it is used and also the patent emphasis that the dimensions of the rectangular cross section should be related to each other for satisfactory operation.
Many of the bluff bodies illustrated in the last two mentioned patents have passageways in the bodies to facilitate the detection of vortices. However, the geometry of the disclosed bluff bodies had to be changed with changing flow line size, and this also influenced the selection of sensors to be used. Thus different sensor construction and size would likely have to be supplied with the bluff bodies for each different size fluid flow pipe.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,888,120; 3,946,608; 4,003,251; 4,005,604; and 4,033,189 are typical of the devices placed on the market by Fischer & Porter Co. of Warminster, Pa., and show various bluff body members that have a trailing portion connected to the bluff body through the use of one or more beams or "stings". U.S. Pat. No. 3,888,120 shows various configurations for the upstream bluff body and the trailing rear section in FIGS. 1, 5, 6 and 7 of that patent.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,052,895 which is also owned by Fischer & Porter shows a bluff body having a trailing "tail" assembly connected by an intermediate beam that has a very small cross section and does not extend along the longitudinal axis of the bluff body. Thus flow may interact in the space between the bluff body and the tail.
Additional generally T cross section shapes of bluff bodies and their associated sensors are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,972,232. The bluff bodies have head members with facing surfaces and a narrower body section extending downstream from the head member. In this device, the sensor is a member that moves under differential pressures that occur along the side surfaces of the downstream extending sensor bar. This patent discloses the general relationship of positioning of a sensor relative to an upstream head member for sensing pressure differentials on the body portion downstream from the head member, but does not teach the unique geometry that permits the same sensor to be used in flowmeters for a wide range of pipe diameters.
Flowmeters similar to that shown in the last mentioned patent also are disclosed and discussed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,085,614 and 4,088,020. Particular attention should be paid to the angular arrangement of the edges of the head member or upstream plate, as well as the transverse width of the plate in relation to the length of the sensor bar that is used. The width of the sensor bar represented by the dimension T in drawings of U.S. Pat. No. 3,972,232 changes with different pipe sizes as shown in Column 9 of that patent. This is also the case in U.S. Pat. No. 4,085,614 as disclosed in Column 9 of that patent.
While various typical cross sectional configurations are shown in the prior art the geometries of the cross sections of the prior bluff bodies do not provide for the use of a body having a sensor mounting section that remains substantially constant in its critical dimension so that the same sensor assembly can be utilized for flowmeters used on different line sizes.
A bluff body or bar for forming a vortex generating flowmeter comprising an upstream head member having a flow facing surface causing a disruption in flow of fluid in a line or pipe in which the bluff body is inserted; an intermediate section of less width than the flow facing surface connected to the head member and extending downstream relative thereto; and a tail section at the downstream end of said intermediate section of greater width than the intermediate section. The bar is configured to provide for the formation of strong vortices that are alternately and repeatably formed on the opposite sides of the intermediate section at a frequency dependent upon flow rate through the line or pipe. The intermediate section has a width that is constant for bluff bodies used across a substantial range of line sizes, so that the sensors utilized with the flowmeter (which are mounted in the intermediate section) can be standardized and yet the outputs of the flowmeters remain linear and repeatable across a substantial flow range.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view through a line carrying fluid flow having a vortex flowmeter using a bluff body or bar made according to the present invention installed therein;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken as on line 2--2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken as on line 3--3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the bluff body shown in the flowmeter of FIG. 3 with illustrative dimensions labeled on the figure;
FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are additional embodiments showing the cross sectional shape of bluff bodies made according to the present invention and;
FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 disclose slight variation in the front face configuration.
The basic equations for describing the action and effect of nondimensional parameters on vortex shedding were set forth in the Description of the Prior Art and are well known.
Referring to FIG. 1, a flow pipe 10 carries a fluid, the flow rate of which is to be measured. Usually the flows of liquids are measured but gases and steam can also be measured. The pipe 10 can be a meter section that is placed into an existing flow pipe or conduit, and generally the meter section will be fastened into the conduit with suitable flanges coupled to flanges on the conduit carrying the fluid. Alternatively the meter section can be a spool piece held between the flanges by bolts or other conventional means. These flanges are not shown, but are well known in the art. Flow is in the direction of arrow 11 (FIG. 2) through the pipe.
The vortex shedding flowmeter 13 made according to the present invention is shown installed on the interior of the pipe 10. The pipe wall has an opening 14 therethrough into which the bluff body or vortex shedding bar section of the flowmeter, indicated generally at 15, is inserted. The bar has a height dimension, which is measured along its longitudinal axis. Preferably bar 15 extends substantailly across the entire diameter of the pipe 10. The pipe (internal) diameter is indicated by D in FIG. 2. A suitable mounting collar 16 surrounds the opening 14 in the wall of the pipe 10, and the vortex shedding flowmeter has a plug or head 17 that fits inside the sleeve 16. Sleeve 16 may not be required as bar 15 can be mechanically fixed in position by conventional means such as bolts through the pipe wall opposite from head 17. The head 17 has a surface contoured on its bottom side to conform to the curvature of the inside diameter of the pipe 10. Cap screws 20 are used for securing the bar or bluff body 15 to the head 17. The head may be held in place in sleeve 16 in a suitable manner, for example with clamps or with an open center nut that is threaded into collar 16. As can be seen, the head 17 has an 0 ring 21 on its exterior which seals against the interior surface of the sleeve 16.
As will be explained, the sensing device for sensing the frequency of the vortices being formed on opposite sides of the bar 15 is mounted on the interior of the bar 15 and a portion of the connections are under a cap 22 that is mounted on the head 17. Leads 23 couples sensing circuitry of a desired form to the sensing device.
The vortex forming bar 15 is divided up into three distinct parts including a head section 25 having a flow face 26; an intermediate body section 27 that is integral with and immediately downstream from the head section 25; and a tail section 30 that is downstream of the intermediate body section 27 and integral with section 27.
As shown in FIG. 4, the eleven linearly independent degrees of freedom that completely specify the meter geometry include the following:
The Pipe diameter=D (FIG. 2)
The Flow Face width=H
Bar Lengths=L, L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5
Bar Intermediate width=H1
The Tail widths=H2 and H3
Also the distances of the bar face from the nearest upstream and (if present) downstream disturbance may be designated L6 and L7 as represented schematically in FIG. 3, which would bring the total number of linearly independent degrees of freedom to thirteen. Angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 which are shown in FIG. 4, are dependent on some of the dimensions labeled above and are therefore not included as variables. The angles could, however, be substituted for some of the linear dimensions to form a new linearly independent set of parameters that also would completely describe the flowmeter.
The "θ" angles are angles of slope of surfaces joining the portions of different widths in the cross section of the vortex shedding bar 15. The reference for measuring the angles is the longitudinal plane of the bar 15 parallel to the direction of flow. θ1, is the slope angle of the back surfaces of head section 25 between dimension H and H1 ; θ2 is the angle of the front surfaces of the tail section 30, between H1 and H2 ; θ3 is the angle of trailing tapered surfaces of the tail section between H2 and H3.
There are a variety of ways for obtaining linearly independent, nondimensional sets of parameters that describe the meter cross section geometry. Two of the more common nondimensional sets of parameters are shown in Table I below. Either set shown in Table I may be used, depending on preference of the designer. Note that set 1 includes only linear dimensions, while set two includes the angles θ labeled on FIG. 4.
TABLE I______________________________________Two nondimensionalized, linearly in-dependent sets of parameters describingthe geometry of the bar cross section ofFIG. 4.______________________________________Set 1: D (inches); H/D; L1 /H; L2 /H; L3 /H; L4 /H; L5 /H; L/H; H1 /H H2 /H; H3 /H and, if applicable, L6 /H; L7 /H;Set 2: D (inches); H/D; L1 /H; L3 /H; L/H; H1 /H; H2 /H; H3 /H; θ1 ; θ2 ; θ3 ; L6 /H; L7______________________________________ /H.
The two nondimensional sets of parameters shown in Table I are related by the equations: ##EQU1##
The utility of such sets of parameters is that once a set of values for the nondimensional parameters of either set has been determined such that the Strouhal number is a constant over a suitably wide Reynolds number range, for example and values (dimensions) have been established for a flowmeter bluff body or bar that behaves linearly in a particular line size, the nondimensional sets defined above will have been established and in theory to determine the actual dimensions for a flowmeter in another line size one simply has to know the pipe diameter, D, and perform the appropriate calculations to determine the remaining dimensions using the Set 1 or Set 2 relationships, then, based on actual performance data, the skilled designer may desire to alter certain parameters to further enhance performance. The ratio H/D is kept constant within a suitable range and other parameters are kept within essentially predetermined ranges. This also assumes, in the case of a vortex flowmeter, that the Strouhal number vs. Reynolds number and Mach number relationships are constant over the flow range of interest. Water flow is usually Mach 0.005 maximum and airflow generally is no higher than Mach 0.1 although in isolated cases airflows may be as high as Mach 0.25.
The geometry of the bar cross section of FIG. 4 can be designed for different line sizes (different values of D) in such a way that the intermediate body section width, H1 remains constant (H1 /H increases with decreasing line size) without compromising the linearity of the meter between D=two inches and D=eight inches. Meters below D=two inches use a smaller H1 dimension. Thus, for example, one inch and one and one-half inch line size meters preferably have the same H1 dimension. The ability to keep H1 constant across such a wide range of pipe diameters can be accomplished by varying the remaining dimensions in the set of parameters being used.
The parameters L6 /H and L7 /H are not provided in that the meter preferably operates without obstruction upstream or downstream. However, these obstructions may occur from small discontinuities in the pipe wall. For example, the meter assembly may be in a short pipe section with end flanges which is bolted and installed between two pipe sections. The junction lines along the pipe wall may form discontinuities which have to be taken into consideration.
These meters will behave satisfactorily over the flow ranges 1.25 ft/sec. to 25 ft/sec. in liquids and 10 ft/sec. to 250 ft/sec. in gases and steam. The two inch through eight inch meters preferably have a value of H1 =0.223 inches while the 1 in. and 11/2 inch meters preferably have H1 =0.100 inches. H1 can be any value less than H2 wherein H1 is imperforate and precludes fluid movement from one side of the bar to the other and wherein H1 further provides sufficient spacing for housing means to sense the differential pressure caused by the vortex action.
The ranges of dimensions for a typical preferred meter relationship is as follows:
TABLE II______________________________________D = 1.049 inches to 7.981 inchesH/D = 0.2732 (This may be established by test)______________________________________ ##STR1## ##STR2## ##STR3## ##STR4## ##STR5## ##STR6## ##STR7## ##STR8## ##STR9## θ1 = 30� to 90�-preferred 58� to 60� θ2 = 45� to 90�-preferred 60� to 90� θ3 = 17� to 45�-preferred 30� to 45� ##STR10##______________________________________
The fluctuating pressure coefficients, Cp. are related to the fluctuating differential pressures Δp across the vortex flowmeters by the equation:
Δp=Cp ρv2 sin 2πft
ρ=fluid density
v=velocity of the flow
f=shedding frequency
These coefficients were measured at a flow velocity of approximately 1.5 ft/sec. and indicate that strong vortices are being shed.
For optimum performance, it was found that the value of L/H is dependent on the angle θ3. Thus, when θ3 was 45�, the meter having a ratio L/H of 1.33 to 1.38 generally performed best, but when θ3 was 30�, meters having L/H ratios of 1.38 to 1.43 generally performed best. The best choice for L/H appears to depend on other dimensions as well as θ3.
Each meter made as shown in FIG. 4 exhibits good linearity and with substantially the same H1 dimension, thus standardized sensor arrangements are possible for a significant range of flow pipe diameters.
Referring now specifically to FIGS. 1 through 3, it can be seen that bar 15 has a diaphragm for sensing pressure indicated at 32 on the shown side thereof, and a like diaphragm preferably is positioned on the other side of the intermediate section 27 of the bar 15. As vortices are formed they switch from side to side on the bar and, hence, the pressure on each diaphragm changes. This causes the diaphragms to deflect and the diaphragms act on a sensor that senses differential pressure between the opposite sides of the intermediate section 27. A sensor that is constructed in a desired manner is shown in copending U.S. patent application, Ser. No. 357,472, filed Mar. 12, 1982 and assigned to the same assignee as this application. One feature is that the width H1 can remain constant across a wide range of pipe diameters, and then the same sensor regardless of the type can be utilized for the flowmeters used in such pipes, even though the various length (L, L1, L2, L3 . . . ) dimensions (L, L1, L2, . . . ) may change, H may change, and H2 and H3 also may change. Thus the sensor per se may be a prior art sensor, for example the sensor shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,796,095.
It can be seen in FIG. 3 that vortices are generated as the flow separates along the face 26, to create alternate switching of high to low pressure along the sides of the intermediate section 27 and thus the differential pressure also changes.
The cross section of the preferred vortex forming bar includes a head portion 25 having a face width 26 that is selected in size as a function of the diameter of the pipe in which the flowmeter is used. Once the ratio H/D has been established, H1 kept at a reasonable standard for a wide range of pipe diameters, the length L may be selected and also H2, L4 and H3 selected to insure that the vortices are strongly formed, repeatable, and that linearity is established for the flowmeter.
In all cases, the tail section lateral width H2 is greater than the width H1 of the intermediate bar section 27, and both of these dimensions (H1 and H2) are kept less than the face width H of the surface 26.
Normally the face surface 26 is a plane surface perpendicular to the flow, although concave or convex surfaces or other protuberances are acceptable.
The modified embodiments of the bar cross section shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are embodiments which exhibit acceptable linearity. It can be seen that the width of the intermediate bar section can be maintained constant for flowmeters of these configurations, but dimensions such as the L1 and H2 dimensions vary substantially as the pipe diameter is changed. Further, it has been found that the L1 dimension can, if desired, be formed to be a sharp edge without substantially affecting the performance of the flowmeter but this may affect the long term stability due to the erosion of this thin edge.
For example in FIG. 5, the vortex forming bar indicated at 40 has a cross section as shown and includes a head section 42 with a face surface 41 that is generally perpendicular to the direction of flow indicated by the arrows. The head section 42 has a smoothly curved rear or downstream facing surface 43. The intermediate bar section 44 has a transverse width H1 that is sufficient to accept a standard sensor therein for a wide range of pipe diameters. The side surfaces of intermediate bar section 44 are smoothly curved as shown, but a local area of the surfaces will be made flat (for example, with a spot face or a boss) when diaphragms are used for sensing pressure so the diaphragms are planar. The rest of the side surfaces may be curved as shown.
The bar 40 includes a tail section 45 at the trailing edge of the intermediate section 44. The tail section 45 as shown has a width H2 across its maximum dimension that is greater than the width H1 of intermediate section 44, but less than the width H of the face surface 41.
Linearity is acceptable across the desired range of fluid flows and the intermediate section 40 has a width that remains substantially constant across a substantial range of pipe diameters so that the sensor construction can be standardized.
In FIG. 6, a greater difference between dimensions such as L4 and L5 is shown so that the tail section is reduced in length. In this particular embodiment the bluff body or vortex forming bar 50 has a head section 52 having an upstream face 51, that is generally perpendicular to the direction of flow as indicated. Head member 52 has straight sides for a distance L1. The straight sides join concave rear surfaces 53 leading to the intermediate bar section 54. The intermediate section as shown in FIG. 6 has slightly curved (concave) side surfaces joining the tail section 55 that has a width H2 that is less than the width of the face 51, but greater than the width (H1) of the intermediate section 54. In this particular instance, the trailing side surfaces of the tail section 55 are planar surfaces that are formed at an angle θ3 as desired. Again, if diaphragms are used for sensing differential pressures, the side surfaces of the intermediate bar section will be formed to hold the diaphragms planar. This can be a spot face or a round boss the size of the diaphragm. The rest of the surface will be curved as shown.
In FIG. 7, the cross section of a further embodiment of a bluff body or vortex shedding bar 60 is shown and the bar includes a head section 62 having a forwardly facing face 61. Head member 62 has a tapered rear (downstream facing) surface 63 which is joined to an intermediate section 64. The tail section 65 in this particular flowmeter has an H2 dimension which is at the low end of the ratio given in Table II for H2 /H1.
Meters having bluff bodies or vortex shedding bars shown herein operated at flow rates between approximately 0.5 feet per second and 25 feet per second in a nominal four inch ID pipe carrying water and performed with linearity errors under one percent. In fact, the forms shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7 showed linearity errors of under 0.5 percent.
The ratio of the face width (H) to pipe diameter (D), (H/D), of the bluff bodies or bars in these meters was nominally in the range of 0.2732.
The form of the cross section in FIG. 8 includes a bar 70 having a head member 71 with a face surface 72. The head member is joined to an intermediate section 74 and a tail section 75 is also provided at the trailing end of intermediate section 74.
The head member has a pair of protuberances 73 at the side edges of the head member 71 which face upstream and may aid in forming vortices. The front face thus does not have to be planar, but may be concave as shown, or a concave curved surface, or have irregularities such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,171,643.
In FIG. 9, a bluff body or bar 78 has a head member 79 with a concave front face 80 formed by two shallow planar surfaces 81 tapering inwardly from the sides of the head member.
The bluff body or bar 84 shown in FIG. 10 has a head 85 with a curved concave forward face 86.
In FIG. 11 a bluff body 90 has a head member 91 with a convex face 92. The convex surface is not a deeply convex surface. The bluff bodies or bars of FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 each have intermediate body portions and tail sections as shown to provide strong vortices as previously disclosed. The front face thus does not have to be planar to work satisfactorily. Suitable sensors will be used for sensing the vibration of the bar caused by vortex formation.
All forms of the invention have bars which include a head section having a upstream facing surface with a width selected as a function of pipe diameter and with an intermediate bar section that is substantially smaller in width than the face width.
It has been found that when maintaining a constant intermediate section width for different line sizes, bars having a T configuration and having a rather abrupt increase in size between the intermediate section and the tail section tend to shed stronger vortices and provide more linear response across a wider range of flows than can be achieved without the wider tail section. The gently curved section of FIG. 6 for example also gives good linearity.
Again, the preferred ratio of the length to the face width, that is H/D, is not substantially different from the quantity H/D=0.2732.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
Legal Events
Original Image


text:
Cookie Monster: Crunchy Almond Butter Oatmeal Cookies
I couldn't leave Cookie Monster behind without sharing my recipe for flourless almond butter oatmeal cookies, which bake up super crisp and crunchy. More
I couldn't leave Cookie Monster behind without sharing my recipe for flourless almond butter oatmeal cookies, which bake up super crisp and crunchy. More
These almond butter cookies have a crisp, crunchy texture that anyone can enjoy as they are gluten-free. More
If you're looking for a way to use up some of that leftover almond butter, or you've been enjoying it plain but want to put it to work in the kitchen, here are some ideas to get you started. More
These addictively crispy, chewy balls are full of my favorite combinations: dark chocolate-cranberry, honey-salt, and nut butters with a crunchy texture. More
What's authentically French, looks a little like french toast, but is really French toast? Why, bostock, of course! More
Bostock is a traditional French recipe which transforms day-old brioche into something nutty and wonderful. Sort of how we Americans make french toast, only more French and without the eggs. Its strong almond flavor pairs really well with coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. More
You can thicken a broth by cooking something starchy, like noodles, rice, or potatoes in it. Some people add plain flour, and some cook up a roux (flour and butter, sautéed together in a pan) to thicken their soups. But there's a simpler and, some might say, healthier way to thicken a soup—nut butters! More
I love the combination of salty and sweet flavors. When I take a bite of something like a chocolate-covered pretzel, my head kind of explodes. I momentarily blackout and all I can think is YUM. In fact I blame a bag of salted caramels for why I didn't get the movie Momento. More
These peanut and almond butter cookies get a salty-sweet flavor from a generous dose of sea salt. More
Adapted from Cooking Light.... More
If you watched the recent episode of Nightline where chefs talked about weight loss, you may have wondered what svelte chef Nate Appleman of A16 in San Francisco was putting into his oatmeal. "I haven't had a doughnut in two and a half years," he said while stirring up the bowl. That was a mix of banana, plain yogurt and almond butter, he tells us in an e-mail. What kind of oats? Steel-cut at the restaurant, instant at home.... More

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Program Description
Successful graduates of the MENG program at Weber State University will possess scholarly skills as well as scholarly knowledge.
Scholarly skills include:
the use of advanced writing skills to meet personal, scholarly, and professional goals.
enhanced effectiveness of verbal communication during any future professional requirements, such as meetings, presentations, public speaking, negotiations, small-group communication, and discussions.
analysis of both popular and scholarly sources for reliability of information and integrity of research.
Scholarly Knowledge includes:
- the general understanding of the broad field of English literature and language.
- the mastery of at least two areas of study:
- American, British, and/or World Literature
- Linguistics
- Teacher Education
The Master of Arts in English program (MENG) provides excellent educational experiences for its students through extensive personal contact among faculty, staff, and students in an environment that encourages freedom of expression while valuing diversity. We take pride in a student-centered environment for learning and believe close associations between faculty and students contribute to student success.
The MENG program is designed to provide advanced preparation in writing, critical thinking skills, and English language and literature. The purpose of the advanced study of language and literature is to heighten humanistic values and awareness to generate and serve a local community of scholars.


text:
A Bride, a Baby and a Fitness Model
Hello Freyday followers!! I hope you all had a wonderful week, and a great Fourth of July! I'm back in Bakersfield for just a few days and as I was thinking about today's post realized I had quite a varried week in the photography world! I had the opportunity to photograph 3 beautiful women this week – a bride, a baby, and a fitness model! So here are just one shot of each that I wanted to share Come back next week for Monday and Wednesday posts from Megan and Jason's Texas wedding and the following week more shots of the gorgeous Brooke Stacey – Fitness Model extraordinaire Have a great weekend…I'm off to San Francisco!
Baby Katherine
Brooke Stacey – Fitness Model
I Would Love For You to Leave a Facebook Comment!
4 Comments
Your pics are beautiful and the diversity of the shoots just show how talented you are! So glad to have gotten the chance to have shot with you! Happy Freyday!
Beautiful my lovely friend. Can't wait to see the rest.
Wow! – all three of those are beautiful!! The color and expression you captured in that last photo is even extra amazing.
Can't wait to see more from the wedding!!
Beautiful photography!
Shaun David


text:
Athletics News
Agarycheva #9 in West Region Tennis Rankings
Agarycheva reached the finals in singles at the Wilson/ITA Small College Northwest Regional in early October. She also combined with Palmer to advance to the finals in doubles.
The #1-ranked player in the West Region is Liz Lewis of Chapman University (Calif.). Abby Olbrich of Linfield College, who defeated Agarycheva in the finals of the Northwest Regional, is listed at #8 in the West Region rankings and is the highest ranked player from the Northwest Conference.
Olbrich and Sally Katter, who held off Agarycheva and Palmer in the Northwest Regional finals in doubles, are ranked #2 in the West Region. The top doubles team in the Region is formed by Paige Sumida and Rachael Miller at the University of Redlands (Calif.).
Willamette has completed its fall tennis schedule. The Bearcats will return to action on Feb. 6, when they will take on the University of Puget Sound at the Courthouse Tennis Club at 1379 Madison NE in Salem, Ore. Match time is set for 2 p.m. (PST).
Department of Athletics Website
Fall '09 All-Northwest Conference Roundup
Men's Soccer
Senior midfielder Casey Dineen (Portland, OR/Jesuit HS) has been selected Second Team All-Northwest Conference in voting by the NWC head coaches. WU players Luke Lagattuta (Sr., MF, Albuquerque, NM/Highland HS) and Erik Kaufman (So., F, Portland, OR/Grant HS) received Honorable Mention.
Women's Soccer
The Willamette University women's soccer team finished their season with a 9-9-2 overall record and an 8-7-1 Northwest Conference record, good for third place in the NWC. For their efforts, five individuals received All-NWC honors for the Bearcats. Read the full article.
After completing their most successful season since 2004, three members of the Willamette University volleyball team have been recognized by the Northwest Conference for their efforts. Senior Jessie McGraw (OH, Gaston, OR/Corban College) was chosen Second Team All-NWC. Molly Blankenship (Jr., OH, Spokane, WA/Spokane Falls CC) and Julie Stutzman (Sr., MH, Olympia, WA/Olympia HS) were named Honorable Mention All-NWC.
A total of eight Willamette University football players have been chosen First Team All-Northwest Conference for the 2009 season in voting by the NWC head coaches. Willamette also placed seven players on the Second Team and five players received Honorable Mention. Inside linebacker Ralph Pineda (Jr., Los Angeles, CA/Cathedral HS/San Jose State Univ.) of Willamette was chosen NWC Defensive Player of the Year.
Bearcat Cross Country Takes 20th at National Championships
Willamette took 20th place in the men's team standings at the NCAA Division III National Championships on Saturday, Nov. 21 at the Highland Park Golf Course. It was Willamette's seventh Top 20 finish since 2001. North Central College (Illinois) won the men's team title.


text:
fitness app
fitness app
Results: 1 - 1 of 1
Health & Fitness
How to stay on track with your workouts
Golfers have known for years that tracking things such as scores and on-course statistics can lead to improved play. Awareness leads to strengthening weaknesses as well as avoiding mistakes. That same concept has finally taken...
Wednesday, 8/27/2014 at 8:30AM
- keywords:
- Apple,
- Ron Kaspriske,
- fitness,
- fitness app,
- iWatch
Results: 1 - 1 of 1


text:
Texas born Artist Matthew Thornburg has for many, many years continued to refine his self taught skills in the traditional media of oils, watercolors, pastels, charcoals, and of late, computer generated artworks. His works in realism have been displayed in many Galleries in Texas and Colorado, and currently shows at the Adobe Western Art Gallery as a home Gallery. Matthew's art encompasses western, wildlife, portraiture, murals, landscapes, and the changing western scene. He considers each work personal and a gift to his fans and clients. Matthew has been called a Renaissance man because he is a Musician, playing pro guitar and bass, composing his own music, photographer, a carpenter, craftsman, working in multiple building trades to supplement his art. An organic gardener, outdoors man, animal lover etc.. He does whatever it takes to survive as an artist in the 21st century!
Now showing at "The Gunnison Gallery" in Gunnison Co! Talk to Anne about my work!!
Now showing at "The Rijks Family Gallery" in Crested Butte Colorado..If you are ever there, please stop in and say hello to Jos and Teresa and see my work!
© 2015 F+W All rights reserved.Use of this site signifies your agreement to the Terms and Privacy Policy, updated March 2007


text:
Only hotels in Drummond Island are listed below. Find cheap and/or discounted hotel rates in or near Drummond Island, MI for your corporate or personal leisure travel. Discover the most favored Drummond Island, Michigan hotel and motel rooms. Browse the Drummond Island area hotels to find the perfect lodging! Please use the provided map of the Drummond Island hotels.
Drummond Island Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
Next: See My Drummond Island Hotels with Pricing >


text:
- The best selection of motorcycle products at the best prices, satisfaction guaranteed, or full refund.*
- Motorcycle Accessories
Goldwing Accessories
- Goldwing Accents, Grilles, Moulding, & Trim
- Goldwing Electrical & Lighting
- Goldwing Floorboard & Peg Accessories
- See All...
- Goldwing Grips
- Goldwing License Plate Frames
- Goldwing Mirrors & Mirror Accessories
- Goldwing Saddlebag Accessories
- Goldwing Scuff Pads & Plates
Motorcycle Alarms & Disc Locks
Motorcycle Audio
Motorcycle Battery Chargers
Motorcycle Blind Spot Mirrors
Motorcycle Books & DVDs
Motorcycle Communication
Motorcycle Covers
Motorcycle Deer Avoidance
Motorcycle Electrical & Lighting
- Motorcycle Ground Blocks
- Motorcycle Headlight Products
- Motorcycle Horn Wiring
- Motorcycle LED Accent Lighting
- Motorcycle Marker Lights
- Motorcycle Plug & Socket Brackets
- Motorcycle Plugs & Sockets
- Motorcycle Power Outlets
- Motorcycle Tail Light Products
- Motorcycle Turn Signal Products
Motorcycle Handlebar Accessories
- Motorcycle Cruise Control
- Motorcycle Drink Holders
- Motorcycle Grips
- Motorcycle Handlebar Mounted Clocks & Thermometers
- Motorcycle Handlebar Mounts
Motorcycle Helmet Cams
Motorcycle Horns
Motorcycle License Plate Frames
Motorcycle Luggage & Saddlebags
- Motorcycle Backpacks
- Motorcycle Luggage
- Motorcycle Saddlebags
- Motorcycle Sissy Bar Bags
- Motorcycle Tail Bags
- Motorcycle Tank Bags
- Motorcycle Tool Bags
Motorcycle Reflective Tape & Decals
Motorcycle Seat Pads
Motorcycle Tire Accessories
Motorcycle Tool Kits
Motorcycle Traffic Light Changers
- Motorcycle Apparel & Riding Gear
Heated Motorcycle Clothing
- Motorcycle Helmets
- My Account
- Customer Service
- Street Wise Blog
New Products
Follow Us OnlineFind Us On Facebook Follow Us On Twitter What Videos On YouTube Read Our Street Wise BlogHome » Motorcycle Accessories » Motorcycle Reflective Tape & Decals » Reflective Motorcycle Tape » Motorcycle Reflective Safety Tape - Black Adhesive » Reviews
Motorcycle Reflective Safety Tape - Black Adhesive
Date Added: 10/04/2011 by Patrick WollastonIt performs as advertised. The tape is all but invisible on my side cases and shines brightly at nig...
Date Added: 03/08/2011 by John OrilleProduct works as advertised. The tape is glossy but extremely reflective which is a great thing when...
Date Added: 07/28/2010 by Sam Levineprefer if it was sold by the roll... otherwise, it is a GREAT product...
Date Added: 12/02/2009 by Anne BenjaminWe really liked the idea that the tape came in different widths. We were able to apply it to our hel...
Date Added: 09/10/2009 by Randall GulickLooks just like the picture on the website...adds much needed rear visibility to my '07 Roadstar!.W...
Date Added: 07/24/2009 by Dan LundwallVery nice product! Can't see it in the day (I have it on my black helmet) and it is very bright at ...
Date Added: 06/30/2009 by Cosmas RusselburgNice variety of sizes. Noticeable at night but not as bright as I would it to be... but hey it goes ...
Date Added: 05/13/2009 by Lynn TankersleyI divided all sections of tape and installed it on my leather saddle bags. Most people don't notice...
Displaying 1 to 8 (of 8 reviews)
Copyright 2015 - BikerHiway


text:
Rent To Buy Property For Sale
The credit crunch has resulted in lenders becoming more stringent with their lending criteria. This has resulted in many people without large deposits or squeaky clean credit history unable to buy their own homes with a mortgage.
The Advantage of Rent To Buy
- Makes the rent you pay turn into a worthwhile lump sum
- Great for first time buyers
- Ideal for those struggling to saving a deposit
- Suitable for new Resident to the UK
- Good for people with poor credit history or no credit track record
Private Sellers Can Offer Rent To Buy
The rent you pay while waiting to buy may be priced at a premium of around 10 per cent. However, if you have not managed to save for a deposit by this time, you should have one by default. This is because the mortgage you need to buy the property should be considerably less than its value, providing of course that property prices have continued to rise.
Private Rent-to-Buy schemes do vary and it is therefore important that you understand the terms of the scheme you are considering.
Other names by which Rent-to-Buy schemes are called include:
- Rent Now Buy Later
- Rent2Own
- Rent-to-Own
- Try Before You Buy
- Rent and Own
- Own Now Pay Later
Sample Rent To Buy Property Advert from Private Seller
This two bed semi is located just 4 miles south of Durham City centre. The kitchen is roomy and modern, the living room is bright, 2 double bedrooms, manageable gardens front and back.
The biggest plus is you can Rent and Buy at the same time! The purchase price is £85,000 Minimum deposit of £2,000 The normal rent is £100 per week Every week we will add a minimum of £25 towards your deposit
You will pay a minimum of £125 per week. End of year one £85,000 is your start price. -£2,000 deposit paid -£1,300 (extra you have paid) -£1,300 (extra we have paid) At the end of year one your purchase price is £80,400 At the end of year two your purchase price is £77,800 At the end of year three your purchase price is £75,200
HomeBuy is different from Rent To Buy as it enables social tenants, eligible key workers and first time buyers to buy a share of a home and get a first step on the housing ladder. It offers reduced rents and buyers are offered an equity loan of up to 30 per cent of the purchase price, co-funded by Government and the developer.
This section gives details for each of the available products and provides answers to the most common questions about the scheme. The Homes and Communities Agency website gives details of the HomeBuy agents (external link) who provide a contact point for affordable housing options in different areas of England.
The Government is offering real help for those at risk of repossession. A new campaign launched on Friday 20 February 2009 to ensure that people are aware of the help available and how to get it at the earliest opportunity. Visit www.direct.gov.uk/mortgage help (external link) today.
Author: Nick Marr


text:
Hold down Control (PC) or Command (Mac) key + mouseclick to select more than one option
|Avg. Dinner Entrée
|Greater than $25
|$18.01 - $25
|$12.01 - $18
|$7.01 - $12
|Less than $7
Posted by anonymous on 11/16/2013
i go here/order from here a lot, i am one of their favorite and most frequent customers and they love me! i love the food, its always fresh!
Posted by Em on 10/23/2011
Can't enjoy another sushi place after eating here! always the best quality & great service! Worth the extra money compared to the other lower grade places. I was never a frequent sushi eater till i came across samurai after a friend ordered from them one day.. since then i order every week or other week almost & i try something new each time & i'm never disappointed. LOVE the green tea ice cream! i get it every time <3
Posted by Anonymous on 10/10/2011
Amazing sushi; better than any place in Manhattan! I go here all the time and I recommend all my friends to try it as well.
Posted by ej on 03/12/2010
This place is awesome. The sushi is always really fresh and tastes amazing, the salads rock (kani salad and spicy tuna salad are fantastic), and the selection of rolls is really great. The service is laid back and pleasant, the waiters really nice and attentive. The atmosphere is cozy. You can always get a table, which is nice. It's a reliable, neighborhood place with Manhattan level quality food at marginally better prices.
Posted by pb on 05/14/2009
south brooklyn sushi generally falls under one category: 50% off -- which is what the trillion new sushi restaurants in the early 2000's stared calling themselves to draw attention to their extremely low prices. never mind the extremely low quality sushi: boring, poorly executed dishes, fish... and i could go on. anyway, this new joint deserves a category all its own: fresh sushi, great appetizers (can't emphasize the spicy [raw] tuna salad, the tiger eyes, and ceviche enough), and really fun rolls. there's a trade-off, of course, as this sushi is definitely not 50%. (still a bargain by manhattan prices, however.) i've seen it empty on nights it should be packed, which is unfortunate. so we support it by going way out of our way every few weeks to get our fix. also, take note: the service rocks, the space is tiny, and the music -- japanese covers of american hits from way back (think 'backstreetboys').


text:
Q: How many litters do you have a year?
A: Generally, we have one litter a year. However, this is not set in stone. Sometimes we do not do any breedings and sometimes we will do two breedings a year. We know that many breeders have puppies on the ground year round. This is not us. Most of the time our puppies are sold before they are born. We are able to get to know our buyers long before our puppies go to their new homes. Each breeding is personal to us. We stand behind our dogs for their whole lives and we are prepared to take back our puppies in their lives. It does not make sense for us to mass produce puppies. We prefer to take care and time with each litter produced.
Q: When do you let your puppies go to new homes?
A: In the past, we have let our puppies go to new homes at 8 weeks old and not before. This is due to the sociological development of the puppies. However, new research has come out that points to keeping the puppies until 10 weeks due to one of the "fear" periods pointing to the 8 week old time frame. We can keep a puppy longer for our buyers if we need to to work around vacations, school schedules, etc. We do this with buyers who have committed to one of the puppies. We will not sell a puppy to anyone who comes along just because you can't pick the puppy up at the exact time.
Q: Do I get to pick my puppy?
A: No. I pick the puppy based on what you have told me you are looking for. Why do we do this? It's simple. I am with the puppies from the moment they are born. Yes, I am in the whelping box, notebook in hand, from their first little breath. I spend a great deal of time evaluating the puppies on a daily basis. I watch, I take notes, I evaluate. I am looking for who is dominent, who is laid back, who is the first one to explore outside the whelping box, which puppies play together, and much, much, more. The point is this; I know which puppy is going to best fit you and your family. When a buyer comes to look at puppies, they tend to look at outward appearence only..."That one is fluffy, biggest, smallest, pinkest tongue...etc, etc." This can be disasterous. That cute little one, may be the most high drive one in the litter who will NOT be happy in a crate all day with very little exercise. Or, that fluffy one may be too laid back to want to go running with you everyday.....that is what is meant by matching personality with your lifestyle. The only exception to the picking is this: If I feel that two and sometimes three puppies are very close in personality type, then yes, I will bring all of them out and let you choose only because I feel comfortable that any of them would be suitable.
Q: How much are your puppies?
A: Generally, "pet" puppies are $1000-$1500 and show/breeding puppies are $1500-$2000 depending on the breeding pairs involved. We do not get offended if you think this is too much. For those people, I offer to find a rescue....or I will politely refer them to the classified ads, but one thing I won't do is suddenly change my mind and change the price. Because we do not depend on selling puppies to make money, we feel no great urge to sell our puppies to anyone who wants one. In fact, we have refused to sell puppies in the past to those people who we feel are not fully prepared or committed to having a puppy. Generally, we do not have issues in this area and our buyers are people who have thoughtfully prepared for a puppy and have done plenty of research. We know that some breeders find us odd to be so selective, and that is fine. We do things the old fashioned way. We are guided by our own ethics and our own principles and are not concerned with doing things just because "all the other breeders are."
Now, we know this puppy may be an investment. We understand that. I remember my first puppy and "financing" him. Therefore, we DO work with buyers who want to pay a little at a time. We DO, accept credit card payments through secure virtual terminal. We WILL work with our sincere buyers.
Q: Does a pet puppy mean I am getting a bad or less quality dog?
A: No. We strive to breed a whole litter of quality puppies. We are not breeding to get one good puppy in the litter. When we plan a litter, it is with much thought as to the outcome. So what does it all mean then? A pet puppy is sold on limited registration, meaning that you do not have breeding rights in the future. It's not because the puppy is not worthy though. We have placed some puppies that we would have loved to see in the show ring but we know that not everyone wants to participate in the show ring world. We do look for certain things for our "show" puppies...most importantly, movement because this is a major part of the breed standard. It's very competitive in the show ring so to the average eye you may not notice a difference in puppy A and puppy B and it may be subtle, we'll be looking for that suble edge for the show prospects.
Q: Is there a deposit, How much is the deposit, When is the deposit due?
A: Yes, there is a deposit. The deposit is (usually) $200. The deposit is due usually a week after the puppies are born. The deposit is non-refundable. Why is the deposit non-refundable? It is non-refundable for a couple reasons. One reason is the money is going into the cost of raising the little bundles of joy. Another reason is that we usually have a waiting list. If we are holding a puppy for you, and there is someone else wanting a puppy and there are no more available, then that is someone who could have been planning on having a puppy from the litter. We don't take the deposit until we are reasonably sure we can fill your need.
Q: German Bred versus American Bred. What's the difference and which is better?
A: The answer to this question is not an absolute and each breeding and dog should be considered on its own merits. We do not believe in stereotyping. However the short answer is this. German bred or European lined dogs tend to be more high drive. They were bred for intense, high drive work. Dogs bred in such a manner need to have a daily purpose and job. These are not the type of dog that is going to be happy left alone all day while you are at work. We do not reccommend straight working line dogs to the average family. Structurally, European lined dogs tend to have "hunched" backs, and much shorter necks, stockier build overall. American lines are not as high strung, although, again, there are high drive dogs in every litter. American lines still need a purpose and a job, but they do know how to relax and be with the average family. Contrary to some critics, American bred dogs, if bred correctly, can and do "work" just as well as the European lines. American bred lines have more angles and the breeding focuses on herding and tending and being able to cover alot of ground all day long. Now, we have worked extensively with both lines. We value the good in both lines and we have found that the best combination is American-German mixed. You see, we don't believe that the extremes on either side are good and that each side of this debate, refuses to accept the merits and faults of either side. We stand behind our philosophy that the Shepherd should be the Total Dog and despite the debate, we strive to bring the Shepherd back to what it was meant to be...a protector, a baby sitter, a service dog, a herding dog...basically, a dog that can do anything at anytime, for anyone.


text:
Thursday, July 23, 2015
4 comments
For the summer, Thursdays are my Friday. That's the upside. The downside is that I have only three work days before heading off on vacation again, this time to a family reunion. While I'm looking forward to traveling with my mom again, the ne... Read more
Wednesday, July 22, 2015
3 comments
Videos #14 & 15
Today: 11 min Chair Cardio Routine. This is one of my favorites. Gets heart rate up, gets me awake and moving.
Yesterday: 10 Min Lazy Day Workout. This is a keeper too. Can actually do it.
Nothing yet about j... Read more
Thursday, July 16, 2015
8 comments
Thanks, everyone, for prayers and good wishes. I've never had a job interview by phone, sitting in a breakfast nook overlooking a rose bush!
I thought it went well. The questions were all ones I could respond to easily, and I feel good ab... Read more
Thursday, July 16, 2015
11 comments
Our daughter has done a wonderful job of planning senior-friendly exciting things to do as well as fixing vegan meals that even my mom is raving about. We highly recommend Airbnb, and our rental house is close enough to walk to daughter's apart... Read more
Tuesday, July 07, 2015
7 comments
After walking in 100 different parks this year, my follow-up is to do all ALL the SP workout videos.
I started with the yoga/pilates ones because pilates is my least favorite. This body at this weight simply cannot do it. Usually, I jus... Read more
Sunday, July 05, 2015
7 comments
First week of 5% challenge? OK, no loss, but at least no gain. I've been moving an office and eating on the run, so no gain is good indeed. I think I'm past the worst of it. I moved my own office on Thurs, packing my car to the brim with the... Read more
Monday, June 29, 2015
4 comments
OK, back to doing all the SP videos project. I did the 10 Min Yoga Fusion Workout. Granted, I could do maybe half of it as shown, and my body did not resemble the models, but I improvised with other stretching, and it felt really good.
Da... Read more
Sunday, June 28, 2015
2 comments
Well, I haven't gotten to a video, but I've done some serious cleaning and cooking and shopping. Haven't calculated fitness minutes yet, might do at least a short video later. Read more
Saturday, June 27, 2015
6 comments
Day 1 of Summer 5% Challenge is not a stellar day. Tired + unprepared = eat whatever's on hand, eat leftovers to get rid of them, read, and nap.
Read more
Tuesday, June 23, 2015
10 comments
Hi friends,
I'm having a tough time right now. Work has a lot of complications at the moment, and I'm... Read more
Saturday, June 20, 2015
9 comments
Husband and I have been celebrating Father's Day today. We don't like going out on the actual holidays when... Read more
Thursday, June 18, 2015
0 comments
One more down and lots to go! I really need to get my summer schedule shaped up so I'm doing one at least 5 days a week. As I said before, Pilates is not my favorite thing to do, and I have to be careful not to overdo and aggravate any joints.... Read more
Tuesday, June 16, 2015
4 comments
Read more
Friday, June 12, 2015
11 comments
Yesterday I left work early, not feeling well. I'm still not feeling great this morning, but happily, this is my first Friday off with summer work schedule. My AM question was what can I do that's gentle and won't hurt my out of sorts stomach?... Read more
Wednesday, June 10, 2015
3 comments
These short ones are good for hurry up mornings, quickie stretches at work, or for combining with other videos as warm-up or cool down.
I'm starting the day tired; woke up much too early. Off to the coffee pot.... Read more


text:
Bright coloured blazers are evidently a love of mine. I bought this orange blazer while I worked at Bardot last year. I love the fit and what it brings to an outfit. The colour makes it fun and stands out while the style polishes it off. I've kind of mixed and matched styles here - the top half is clean and conservative, although balanced by the chain collar necklace, while the bottom half is bold and slightly grungy. In an earlier post I spoke of how I really liked the new stud trend going around, and how rather than trashy they can make an outfit look unique and edgy. These tights are a fave of mine - I always get compliments when I wear them. They get a lot of stares - sometimes good sometimes borderline disgusted - haha! Totally used to the scrutiny though ;)
My shoes are by ROC and are built on the foundation created by designer Jeffrey Campbell. They are uber high and I just love the attitude that exudes from them.
Thanks again to my photographer, Shivayan for these great pics!
Blazer - Bardot
Blouse - Glassons
Necklace - Diva
Tights - Boohoo.com
Necklace - Diva
Tights - Boohoo.com
Shoes - ROC
Satchel - Sports Girl
© Stills by Shivayan | Riana Das


text:
Feminists have long struggled with some non-feminist's notions that our mantra is man hating. While that is not true of feminists as a whole, that was the main focus of a movement in the UK in the late 1970s. Called Revolutionary Feminism and lead by Sheila Jeffreys, the movement advocated political lesbianism and the complete denouncing of heterosexual relationships, which they felt was the only ultimate way to liberation. It did not matter if you slept with women or not; to be a true feminist, to them, was to be a lesbian. In 1979, they wrote Love Your Enemy? The Debate Between Heterosexual Feminism and Political Lesbianism, which further pushed the Revolutionary Feminists into embodying that man-hating stereotype, which the media and non-feminists latched on to in an attempt to discredit the feminist agenda in general. Yet their impact on the feminist movement was much larger than the controversy that surrounded them for their literature and ideals. Read more after the jump!
Receive a monthly B-Mail in your inbox for special updates, deals, and news from Bitch Media
Have an idea for the blog? Click here to contact us!


text:
In trading on Tuesday, shares of Pioneer Southwest Energy Partners L.P. (NYSE: PSE) crossed above their 200 day moving average of $27.61, changing hands as high as $27.70 per share. Pioneer Southwest Energy Partners L.P. shares are currently trading up about 0.8% on the day. The chart below shows the one year performance of PSE shares, versus its 200 day moving average:
Click here to find out which 9 other stocks recently crossed above their 200 day moving average »
Looking at the chart above, PSE's low point in its 52 week range is $21.34 per share, with $35.87 as the 52 week high point — that compares with a last trade of $27.66.
Special Offer: Manage the risks of the markets better with a free 30 day trial to the Strategic Risk Management System.
According to the ETF Finder at ETF Channel, PSE makes up 3.04% of the Dynamic Energy Exploration & Production Portfolio ETF (AMEX: PXE) which is trading lower by about 0.1% on the day Tuesday.
See what other ETFs contain PSE »
See what other stocks are held by PXE »


text:
Posted March 3, 2014 3:00 p.m. CST
Four days of persistent heavy rains last September brought flooding and devastation to towns along Colorado's Front Range. One of the communities hardest hit was Evans, which is on the UP system. Union Pacific provided emergency assistance to help meet immediate needs, but now, as residents prepare for the long process of rebuilding, the UP Foundation has stepped in with a donation of $50,000 toward the construction of the new Riverside Library and Cultural Center in town.
Preparations for the center already had begun last summer, but questions were raised after the flooding, as to whether or not the project still was viable. The center's location is only blocks from the Platte River that had crept outside its banks.
"More than ever, our community needs the services this center is intended to provide," said Janine Reid, executive director - High Plains Library District. "People are trying to put their lives back together, and the center will be a resource hub with meeting places, information, as well as access to the internet, which currently many families don't have."
"Following the floods, it is encouraging to see this positive stride forward by the Community of Evans," said Sara Thompson Cassidy, Union Pacific director - Public Affairs, Colorado and Wyoming. "Union Pacific is honored to support this needed and lasting community amenity."
Sheryl Trent, Economic Development Director for the City of Evans indicated that construction is expected to be completed by August 2014.
Community Ties — news, photos and video about Union Pacific, our employees and the communities where we live and work.
Content is produced by Union Pacific Corporate Relations, 1400 Douglas St., STOP 1550, Omaha, NE 68179. Contact us via the Feedback page.


text:
We have been the industry leader in classic, antique and exotic cars since 1978 and our California showrooms contain the largest indoor inventory of highly collectable vehicles in the western United States. Our staff handles all paperwork, financing, and can even assist in arranging worldwide shipments if necessary. We love these cars as much as you do and it will be our pleasure to serve you at any of our 4 locations: Pleasanton, Benicia, Fairfield and Redwood City.
Great 80's American Luxury at it's finest with this 1986 Lincoln Town Car, Cartier Edition. V8, AT Transmission, ONE family owned Car, 46,240 original... More


text:
Any Rat Rescue is a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to finding loving, forever homes for rats in need, serving the Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas..
We are approaching nearly 1,400 adoptions since our inception in 2004. We are a no-kill rescue that truly accepts any domestic rat, regardless of health, age, or temperament.
Any Rat Rescue is not a shelter, but rather a network of caring foster homes extending from Metro Phoenix to Tucson. Please contact us at email@example.com for more information.
At this time our foster homes are full and our resources are stretched to their limits. We are overloaded due to taking in rats that were abandoned and left to breed freely at an extended stay hotel and are currently unable to take in surrenders. In the Phoenix area, we are referring families to the Arizona Humane Society. In Tucson, please contact Humane Society of Southern Arizona. Both organizations do take pet rats.
For more information about the benefits and importance of rescue, click here to read "Why do rats need rescuing?"
Sign up for our newsletter and check out what's happening in the world of rats! You'll receive updates on all of the great work that Any Rat Rescue is doing, as well as tips and tricks for keeping your rats healthy and happy! Send us a message from our contact page and indicate "yes" to receive our newsletter.
Click here to see our
2nd Annual Sun Valley Animal Shelter Pet Expo
7150 N. 110th Ave.
Glendale, AZ 85307
Sunday, March 22nd
Saturday, August 1st, 2015
Details to be announced
Tabling Events
6230 E. Speedway Blvd.
Tucson, AZ
2 pm - 4 pm
Saturday, March 7th
Saturday, April 4th
Saturday, May 2nd
Saturday, June 6th


text:
If you or people you know are looking for help, we are here to provide it.
Providing food and other forms of assistance to families and individuals in need, we partner with agencies across all five counties in Southern Arizona. Every recipient is treated with dignity and respect.
If you need food, we can help you locate emergency food assistance services in your area.
If you need a meal today, we can connect you with a local soup kitchen.
If you need help with SNAP (Food Stamps) or other public services, we can help too.


text:
Area teams, runners ready for CIF prelims
Twenty-seven teams and four individuals from the area will compete Saturday in the CIF-Southern Section cross country prelims at Mount San Antonio College in Walnut.
The first heat starts at 7:45 a.m. and the event wraps up with the final race starting at 4:13 p.m.
Each team and individual will have advancing to the CIF-SS finals at Mount SAC on Nov. 17 as a goal, as well as the state championships Nov. 24 at Fresno.
Westlake's boys, the No. 7-ranked team in Division 2 led by Marmonte League champion Mikey Giguere, race at 8:14 a.m. Oak Park, fourth-ranked in Division 3 and led by Ventura County and Tri-Valley League champion Sahm Bazargan, race at 2:17 p.m. Fillmore's boys, the top-ranked team in Division 4, compete at 9:37 a.m., while Nordhoff, ranked 12th in Division 4, has its race at 10:07 a.m., the same time as Oaks Christian.
The Simi Valley girls, led by Sarah Baxter, who set the all-time girls cross country national record Oct. 20 at Mount SAC in 16 minutes flat, have their prelim race at 1:37 p.m. The Pioneers are ranked second in Division 1.
Newbury Park and Moorpark, ranked 11th and 12th in girls Division 2, respectively, race at 9:21 and 9:51 a.m. Oak Park, No. 6 in Division 3, race at 3:13 p.m., the same time as Hueneme. La Reina, fourth-ranked in Division 4, goes at 10:48 a.m., the same time as Fillmore and Oaks Christian. Thacher, ranked No. 1 in Division 5, races at 7:54 a.m.
The two area girls who qualified for the prelims as individuals are Westlake's Jenny Giguere (9:21 a.m.) and Danielle Purdy of Oxnard (1:10 p.m.) The two area boys running as individuals are Luis Cruz of Pacifica (3:01 p.m.) and Martin Montes of Buena (4:01 p.m.).
Subscribe to the Ventura County Star
Need Help? Call us at 1-877-710-6182.
Monday-Friday: 6am-3pm / Saturday: 6:30am-10:30am / Sunday: 7am-11am


text:
Pardew apologised immediately after the match, and was fined £100,000 by Newcastle. The police have confirmed that they will not be bringing charges as neither Hull nor Meyler lodged a complaint.
Hull defender Alex Bruce has attempted to draw a line under the incident, insisting his team-mates just want to focus on their own game.
"It was obviously a huge incident and everyone has been talking about it but you just let the powers that be deal with that and see what happens," Bruce said.
"Obviously we understand that in the heat of the moment, things happen. I'm sure Alan regrets it.
"It's time to move on and put it to bed. It's happened and we've seen lots of incidents happen like that before, players doing things that they regret, and managers doing the same so you've just got to put it behind you and move on."
But the FA are expected to take a tough line with Pardew and he could be facing a long touchline ban and fine.
When the FA charged Pardew they said: ''Newcastle United manager Alan Pardew has been charged in relation to an incident in his side's game against Hull City on March 1, 2014.
"It is alleged that in the 72nd minute of the fixture, Pardew was involved in an incident with a Hull City player that amounted to improper conduct.
"Due to the serious violent and/or aggressive nature of the reported behaviour, this case has been designated as non-standard."
Designating the alleged offence as "non-standard" means there is no real precedent and that it cannot be treated in the same way as other more common disciplinary matters.
Referee Kevin Friend sent Pardew to the stands after the fracas, which occurred after Meyler had collided with the Newcastle boss while chasing a ball which had run out of play.
Newcastle acted swiftly to sanction their manager, issuing a formal warning on Saturday night on top of the heavy fine handed out.
"His behaviour was unacceptable and is not the behaviour we expect from the manager of Newcastle United," a club statement read.
"We have held discussions this evening with Alan who has offered his sincere apologies to the club and it is clear he deeply regrets his actions.
"Alan has accepted a formal warning from the club in relation to his behaviour today and also a club fine of £100,000."
Pardew had offered an immediate apology in the wake of the incident, but now looks set to face a heavy sanction from the game's governing body.
He told Sky Sports after Saturday's match: "It was just a heat of the moment thing. Obviously I massively regret it.
"I didn't mean to do anything aggressive, but I did move my head forward and that's enough.
"He was right on top of me and I wanted to just ease him away from me but obviously I put my head in a forward motion.
"I want to apologise to him, everyone at Hull and obviously my own fans as well.
Richard Bevan is pleased with how quickly Newcastle apologised after Alan Pardew headbutted David Meyler.
"Of course, I'm not stupid enough to accept there's going to be no punishment. I'll have to accept whatever comes my way."
Meanwhile, Sky Sports pundit Alan Smith believes Pardew has sent out 'an awful message' to his players after his clash with Meyler.
The former Arsenal and England striker told Sky Sports News: "If he's behaving in that fashion how can he turn around and tell his players to toe the line on the pitch?
"It sends out an awful message and strangely he wasn't that sort of player. He never got involved in those things. So he's saved it all up until he became a manager.
"In the future he's got to keep himself out of these situations."


text:
This morning, Bono denied weekend reports that he'd had a health scare while vacationing just outside Monaco in the south of France. In a statement to Reuters, a spokewoman stated that the U2 frontman had indeed gone to Princess Grace Memorial Hospital in Monaco, as Ireland's Independent had reported, but that the visit was merely a routine checkup. "Reports of his being rushed to hospital for emergency treatment are untrue," the spokeswoman stated, despite the fact that the initial Independent report made no such claim.
According to the Irish paper's sources, Bono experienced "chest pains" and underwent "48 hours of medical tests" under the supervision of "a top heart specialist at the hospital," none of which was exactly contradicted by the not-quite-denial. Presumably a routine checkup wouldn't take two full days. The initial report in the Independent (which claimed Bono was "renowned" both "for his partying" and "for his socialising on the French Riviera") and the denial to Reuters concur that the heart palpitations turned out not to be a health issue.
U2 Singer Bono Denies Reports Of Health Scare [Reuters via Rolling Stone]
[Image: Getty Images]


text:
Pepsi video
1 Pepsi video Articles
Pepsi commercial: Priyanka Chopra, Ranbir Kapoor, Mahendra Singh Dhoni advise you to do it ABHI!2 years ago 1
The three have come together for a Pepsi commercial and have tried to mirror the sentiments of today's youth. You like it? On February 1, 2013, you… Read Article ▶
More Pepsi video


text:
Click on LIKE and get special discount on Bill Frisell tickets
Jazz Blues Bill Frisell is a musical form of rock and roll type which everyone enjoys. Bill Frisell Jazz Blues kind of music constitutes specific lyrics, bass lines and instruments. Everyone will enjoy such type of rocking performance with Bill Frisell. The outstanding and the exciting concert none other than Bill Frisell concert is coming this season. You can have a look on Bill Frisell tour dates, Bill Frisell schedule or any other information. Being a part of the live concert so get your cheap Bill Frisell tickets.
Landing tickets to Bill Frisell concert tour is almost as exciting as the concert itself. We have access to incredible cheap Bill Frisell tickets for sold out shows, including VIP and backstage passes. Enjoy your favorite Bill Frisell concerts, festivals, and shows with the knowledge that you got the absolute best Bill Frisell concert tickets available at the time you made your purchase.
If discount Bill Frisell tickets isn't your thing you should know that there are plenty of other genres to choose from. Ticketloot.com has a complete Bill Frisell concert schedule for every venue you can imagine, including not only a listing of events but detailed Bill Frisell seating charts, special event information, and even parking passes and driving directions. Whether you're looking for Bill Frisell concert tickets, sporting events, or even theater schedules.
Now we give you an easy access on discount tickets to Bill Frisell concert. Look into our huge inventory to find Bill Frisell concert tickets. Whenever you make a plan to buy Bill Frisell tickets you just need to come on TicketLoot to reserver tickets for Bill Frisell. If you are in Bill Frisell fans then use our Bill Frisell discount codes to get more discount. Now we also offering tickets for Bill Frisell concerts at half price on selected dates. So you can also win Bill Frisell tickets in this chance.
Newport is a city to have wonderful live concerts. Make your plans to watch the live concerts buy Bill Frisell tickets Newport and enjoy the live shows. We are offering the discounted rates in this season for Bill Frisell Fort Adams State Park tickets. This is the time to find cheap Bill Frisell Newport tickets for the event. Get Bill Frisell tickets in your city Newport at Fort Adams State Park. You are going to have a fantastic time in the great city of Newport. Do not miss just get Bill Frisell Fort Adams State Park tickets now.


text:
Quick Links
Shop All Jewelry
NL10133 In Stock
Wear the perfect Men's necklace with the Italian Wheat Chain Mens Sterling Silver Necklace. The Sterling Silver Italian Wheat chain is .25 inches think and 20 inches in length. Created with high-quality .925 Sterling Silver this Italian Wheat Chain Men's Necklace weighs 106 grams. This Men's Italian chain is finished with a brushed silver look, perfect for any man to sport.
• Italian Wheat Chain
• 20 Inches Long
• .925 Sterling Silver
Eve's Addiction.com wants you to be a happy customer. We want you to be completely satisfied with the sterling silver jewelry that you receive from us, as we only sell high quality silver and cubic zirconia cz jewelry. We do understand that you may not like your purchase for some reason.
You may return or exchange your jewelry within 60 days of purchase if you are not satisfied with it. The jewelry must be returned in its original condition for a refund or exchange. Engraved, personalized, photo, monogram, name and initial, chocolate and clearance items are not returnable or exchangeable.


text:
Best R&B Band St. Louis 2005 - The Bel Airs
Though based out of Columbia, the Bel Airs are virtually locals. For years they held a regular residency at Off Broadway, and they now perform nearly every month in Soulard. Brothers Dick and David Pruitt and drummer Mike Cherry keep their recordings as stripped-down and muscular as their live shows, with sax and keyboard textures (and Willie Dixon and Earl King covers that sway and jump like classic R&B) thrown in for good measure. After more than twenty years on the Midwest (and beyond) blues circuit -- heck, they even backed Johnnie Johnson on the late legend's first solo album -- the Bel Airs have nothing to prove: They are the greatest bar band and toughest proponents of R&B in the region.


text:
Champaign, IL Home Decor
Classic Home Consignment
Welcome to Classic Home Consignment of Champaign, Illinois, the first in consignment of home furnishings in Champaign-Urbana. We carry a wide selection of quality, gently used furniture and home decor at affordable prices!
What you will find at Classic Home Consignment:
- 3, 200-square feet of eclectic furnishings
- A mix of new and old, modern and traditional
- Merchandise that is artfully displayed in vignettes
- Lots of natural light so that merchandise is easy to see
Contact Classic Home Consignment today at 217-239-1169 for inquiries.
Additional Contact Info:
Phone: 217-903-5699
Contact Information
Hours of Business:
Monday - Friday 10:00 am to 6:00 pm
Saturday 10:00 am - 5:00 pm
Sunday: Closed
Monday - Friday 10:00 am to 6:00 pm
Saturday 10:00 am - 5:00 pm
Sunday: Closed


text:
I've been a ballet fan for a long time - more than 25 years. Naturally (I'm from Seattle) most of what I've seen has been PNB.
Five years ago (at the age of 56, and shortly after retirement) I started taking classes as well, and I've been active on the Ballet Talk for Dancers forums for a few years now under the same moniker. Taking classes has enhanced my appreciation a lot!
Anyhow, I am finding I want to learn more about the dances so I have joined this forum as well. There are relatively few people I know who are interested in talking about dance - even my fellow students are more interested in doing it than talking about it! I'm looking forward to many new ideas and perspectives here!
This site uses cookies. By using this site, you agree to accept cookies, unless you've opted out. (US government web page with instructions to opt out: http://www.usa.gov/optout-instructions.shtml)
Hi everyoneintroduction
Started by olddude , Oct 04 2008 09:19 PM
No replies to this topic
0 user(s) are reading this topic
0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users
Help support Ballet Alert! and Ballet Talk for Dancers year round by using this search box for your amazon.com purchases (adblockers may block display):


text:
What kind of internship
qualifies for academic credit?
The internships posted on CONNECT! have been pre-screened by the Bellevue College Center for Career Connections and qualify for academic credit. If you have found an internship elsewhere, we may be able to offer you academic credit, as long as the position meets the following criteria:
- The intern must receive supervision/mentoring and guidance. Therefore, we cannot offer credit for internships that are done remotely (telecommuting).
- Internships must take place in an office and/or on-location. We cannot offer credit for internships that take place in a home office. Also, the employer must have a valid business license.
- If the position is paid, it must pay a guaranteed hourly wage or salary that is not based on a minimum deliverable of sales or performance.
- We also require employers to provide a safe environment for employees, act as an Equal Opportunity Employer, and comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act.
We do not offer credit for:
- Multi-level marketing or commission-only positions.
- Opportunities that require any equipment or products to be purchased by the prospective employee in order to earn their wage. This is true prior to being hired, after the employment offer and after employment has commenced.
- Opportunities that charge for any training that is required prior to employment. Required training must also pay an hourly wage to the prospective employee.


text:
New York
Dining alone in NYC
Hi all,
I'm planning a trip to NYC in mid-October and will be touring the city on my own. I'm just wondering if you could tip me off on some good, casual places to eat by myself where I won't feel too out of place or uncomfortable. I'm mostly thinking breakfast and late lunch or an early dinner. I'm planning to spend my time in Manhattan, probably Central Park and south.
The last time I made the trip I pretty much ignored food and ate McDonald's sitting on the floor at Grand Central while waiting for the train : )
Thanks in advance for your help!
Talk is closed, but that doesn't mean the conversations have to stop!
Check out this post for a more thorough explanation, and jump onto our Facebook page or our Twitter feed to keep the conversations going!


text:
Citizens who have the patience to watch a tree grow large enough to provide shade or produce beautiful blooms will have the opportunity to get a free seedling this Saturday.
The third annual tree giveaway will be held at the Guaranda Gardens Pavillion in Metro-Kiwanis Park, 817 Guaranda Drive, from 9 a.m. to noon.
Members of the Johnson City Tree Board and the Northeast Tennessee Master Gardener Association, as well as students from East Tennessee State University, will distribute the seedlings of six different types of trees on a first-come, first-serve basis.
"Because of the species and size, these are trees you wouldn't find at garden centers," said City Forester Pat Walding.
Seedling recipients may choose from three medium shade trees — Lacebark Elm, River Birch and Bald Cypress. There will also be three ornamental options — Serviceberry, Carolina Silverbell and Amur Maple.
The unique seedling freebies are the result of Walding's trying to avoid large trees like oaks and poplars that most homes don't have room for, he said.
Information about how to plant the trees and their expected growth will be provided at the giveaway. Both the River Birch and Bald Cypress will need to live in moist soils, Walding said. The Carolina Silverbell is a heavy flowering tree that produces a beautiful white bloom and the small, seedy fruits on the Serviceberry are actually edible. The only non-native tree, the Amur Maple, will turn to a crisp red each autumn.
The tiny trees won't have to be planted right away, as long as they stay cool and moist, Walding said. Planters should also consider spacing their seedling at an appropriate distance from their home and placing it on the southwest side of their property in order to take advantage of the shade once it matures.
For those who are unsure where to put their new tree, Walding reccommends planting it in a 1-foot diameter pot with top soil. Several months later it can be transplanted, but gardeners must remember to water it regularly.
"If you don't know where to put it, grow it for a while and then decide," Walding said.
Each person will be given at least one of the 2,800 free seedlings and if there are leftovers, recipients may return to the event around noon to pick up more tiny trees, Walding said.
The giveaway event is a localized Arbor Day celebration and is part of a campaign to plant 10,000 trees in Johnson City. After this year's giveaway, the city will have completed about 75 percent of its initial plan.
"It's a lofty goal, since there are 20,000 households in Johnson City," Walding said.
Since the event is in its third year, Walding is beginning to spot mature trees around town that were once free seedlings handed out to citizens.
"I saw a man taking pictures of the blooms on some ornamental cherry trees that were planted several years ago," he said. "It's a feel-good moment when people appreciate what you do."