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Discussion Leaders: M. Shamsher Ali and Robert Hinde
M. Shamsher Ali, Bangladesh Academy of Sciences – Peace has been a long-cherished view of mankind, but since September 11, 2001, it has assumed a new dimension. I will only raise the issues, as will my colleague, and it is for you to answer the questions that we raise.
There has been a lot of talk, following the actions of September 11, about peace and security, especially security. It is known to all cultures that religion and cultures have never had any sanction for violence or terrorism, so it has nothing to do with religion. The terrorists have no religion of their own. This terrorism itself is a religion. It has to be treated harshly, but the question is Do you face terrorism with terrorism? In other words, do you globalize terrorism? In this process, things of a constructive nature may be affected negatively, as we have been discussing—exchanges between people, the building up of knowledge—that is one thing. The other thing is—although it is not within our purview—the root causes of violence and terrorism have to be understood.
Some individuals living in abject poverty have been known to get violent at times. It is just like treating a child in the family who breaks a glass—you have to understand the root causes of the violence.
In the book given to you by Torsten Wiesel the other day, there is a statement by Amartya Sen, who comes from my land, Why is half the country hungry? That is the problem that has to be addressed because, over the years, science has become a power, an instrument of change. So what do we do with these powers of change? There is, according to Ghandi, enough in the world for everybody's need, but not for everybody's greed. Are we sharing the technical know-how? Science has the power to convert things so why is it necessary, at this juncture of the 21st century, that the people should suffer? And because of the mundane problems of food, hunger, and disease, why should their peace and security be endangered? The politicians have the responsibility—and so have we, the scientific community—of seeing that science is actually put to the good uses of mankind. How actively have we been doing this?
Yesterday, many people were enamored with Tagore. Tagore addressed this question also. I will say it in Bengali and then translate:
If man disappears from this planet, it will be for the reason that he newly discovered the truth, but he didn't know the proper applications of this truth. He wanted to bless himself in the role of a god, but he did not obtain the divinity.
So if you have gods without divinity, those gods are not going to be constructive— whether it is a state power or despotism, science has to be put to good use.
These academies of science were built all over the world, from about the 17th century, for the promotion of science, for recognizing its challenges. The Chinese and the Russians have a different model, yet they recognize talent and address basic problems. The question is Are our


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So Putin has finally signed into law an extremely regressive bill that massively increases the fines for participants in "unsanctioned protests." I've expressed my thoughts on the bill before (in short I think it's an absolutely horrible idea) but the other day while I was reading a Kommerstant article which presented both an info graphic outlining the bill's main changes as well as the bill's full text I saw something very interesting. Although most of the bill is composed of boring technical language about the size of fines and the responsibilities of various parties, one section contains an interesting provision about the creation of designated protest and free speech areas much like Hyde Park corner in London.
Here's my translation of the relevent text:
An amendment to article 8 obliges the executives of Federation subjects [i.e. oblasts and cities] to define specially designated places "for the collective discussion of socially-important questions and the expression of public sentiment, and also for the mass presence of citizens for the public expression social opinion about the actual problems of a mainly social-political character." After this public demonstrations should, as a rule, take place in the designated places, and other arrangements need a separate agreement with the authorities.
I am under no illusions whatsoever that United Russia put this language in the bill because of a genuine commitment to freedom of assembly. They almost certainly included this provision so that their public relations flacks could at least pretend to keep a straight face when they tell foreign journalists that the bill is not about punishing dissent but about "strengthening democracy." I imagine that local authorities are under specific orders to make their deliberations about the placement of these free speech zones as lengthy as possible, in the hope that while these "Hyde Parks" are being delineated the protests will naturally fade away. And when the free speech zones are finally named, it will not be surprising if they are in obscure, out-of-the-way, or generally unpleasant areas.
However, as should be clear from the bill's text, the Russian government now has a specific legal obligation to create zones of untrammeled free speech. This might seem unimportant or irrelevant, but if used properly these free speech zones could be a very powerful addition to the opposition's arsenal.
Recall the importance of the Helsinki accords in de-legitimizing and weakening the Soviet government. Brezhnev had no problem entering into the Helsinki accords because he assumed that the language about universal human rights was meaningless: power was what mattered, not throwaway language about "values" and while he still held power he could quickly and easily squelch any dissent. The problem, however, was that many Soviet dissidents didn't get the memo about the irrelevance of the Helsinki accords and worked tirelessly to hold their country accountable to its binding legal commitments. Their effort, of course, did not yield immediate results, many were thrown in jail or suffered other kinds of horrific abuse at the hands of the KGB, but in many important ways the Helsinki effort set the stage for perestroika and glasnost. Indeed several of the people active in the original Helsinki group continue to play an important role in human rights advocacy even today.
So while United Russia obviously included the language about free speech zones in bad faith (or perhaps out of sheer hubris), the opposition should work to hold the government accountable to its own laws: they should pressure the local authorities to specify these zones as quickly as possible and, once they are named, they should hold meetings there as regularly as possible. This won't be easy nor will it yield immediate emotional satisfaction, but it would be an effective way of keeping pressure on the authorities while simultaneously building the infrastructure of a true civil society.
I still think that the protest bill as a whole is an extremely retrograde and dangerous one, but there is a small silver lining in the government's concession that freedom of speech and freedom of assembly need to be protected. It would be ironic indeed if a law intended to ban dissent had the effect of offering it unprecedented legal protection, but then history is full of such ironies. Pseudo-democracies like today's Russia often get into a lot of trouble when they simultaneously promote the formal trappings of democracy while working to undermine its essence. I sincerely hope that the Russian opposition seizes on the opportunity that the authorities have just given it, and that it is able to use these free speech zones to the greatest possible effect.

subset: commoncrawl


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Here at the Natural History Museum we are in a very unique position as leaders in science and research, as well as being a national visitor attraction.
We can offer you the experience of working in either a specialist science department or a visitor service group, giving you an insight into the breadth of work and diversity of jobs available within the heritage sector.
Work experience is open to students in Year 10 up to those aged 18.
Work experience gives you the chance to spend 1 or 2 weeks away from the classroom to learn about a specific job or area of work.
All our work experience opportunities are advertised online and you can apply for any suitable vacancies using our online recruitment search.
Search and apply for work experience vacancies
Placements are organised to coincide with school holiday dates where possible but we may not always be able to match your availability. Placements are available during the holiday periods outlined below only. We regret that placements are limited and heavily over subscribed and we can not involve all students who meet our criteria.
Find out the key dates, when to apply, and more application information below.
When work experience placements are available they will be advertised as follows:
How do I decide which placement to apply for?
Make sure you read the placement outline thoroughly before applying.
A helpful hint is to write out your answers in a separate document first and then copy them into an email to us once you are happy with what you have written. Save a copy of your answers for your records.
There are always lots more people applying than there are available placements, so it's very important that you apply for the placement that best matches your skills and interests.
Please also check that you are available for the dates of the placement.
Selection of students
Students are selected on their merit and capabilities, and judged on their responses to our questions. Please make sure you think about our questions carefully and draw on your skills and experiences that relate directly to the placement specification.
When will I be given an answer?
If you have not heard back from us within a month of your intended placement, then you were not selected for a placement this time.
Can I apply again?
You can apply again but you will need to complete a new e-application for the new placement you have selected.
Pursuing a career in natural history PDF (52.4 KB)
How to be an entomologist PDF (61.2 KB)
Preparing for a fossil collecting trip PDF (38.2 KB)
Recommended organisations, societies and memberships PDF (36.7 KB)
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Quality Treatment for Co-Occurring DisordersFoundation Recovery Network's co-occurring disorders treatment program was rated in USA's top 5% by Dartmouth Psychiatric Research Center and recognized as the "gold standard" for co-occurring disorder treatment.
Typical success rate for integrated treatment is 70-80%, vs. sole substance abuse treatment success rate of 20-25%.
Why Integrated Treatment WorksWhat is integrated treatment and why is it important for long-term recovery? Watch the video to understand why we focus on the whole person to treat co-occurring addiction and mental health disorders:
Proven ResultsFoundations Recovery Network's dual diagnosis approach has delivered proven results and is the key to lasting recovery. By pairing co-occurring clinical and psychological treatment with residential and outpatient treatment programs, clients suffering from substance abuse and mental disorders get to the root of their addiction issues so they can experience long-term health.
Proven through 11 federally funded research studies, the FRN treatment model makes clients twice as likely to experience continuing sobriety one year post-treatment compared to the national average of traditional programs.


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Located at a depth of 70 meters (230 feet), this underground museum gives its visitors a unique opportunity to get themselves familiar with the nuts and bolts of mining engineering and see how snow-white gypsum is mined underground via tour around an underground gypsum mine. A part of the museum's display is dedicated to history of mining engineering and developing of local gypsum deposit that began back in 1930's.
Old entrance to the mines which is not used anymore.
Right at the new entrance to the mine stand lots of mine cars filled to the brims with gypsum.
The thing is that the museum itself is located in the existing mines. But gypsum digging is performed 2.5 kilometers away from the entrance and the museum is located 300 meters away.


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Erle Robertson, PhD and David Weiner, PhD
The Tumor Virology Program is based on the recognition of the role of viruses as causative agents or effectors in cellular transformation and genesis of some cancers. These cancers include lymphomas, carcinomas, sarcomas and papillomas as well as lymphoproliferative disease in AIDS and post-transplant immunocompromised patients. This program provides the central forum and organizational structure needed to facilitate the intra and interprogrammatic research collaborations within a strong and growing group of molecular and classical virologists and clinical investigators at Penn. Program members have a wide range of research expertise in such areas as: the mechanisms of viral mediated cellular transformation and oncogenesis (e.g. dysregulation of targeted cellular signaling pathways and viral effects on cellular tumor suppressors, such as RB and p53, Wnt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and the Notch signaling pathway); the use of viruses as model systems for the study of normal and abnormal cellular gene expression control and growth control (e.g., transcriptional regulation through promoter association with specific transcription factors, chromatin remodeling and the effects on the cell cycle mediated by viral proteins); and the molecular biology of retroviruses as it relates to cancer and AIDS (e.g. gene inactivation of dysregulation through the insertion of retroviral genomes adjacent to protooncogenes or disruption of specific regulators of known cellular oncogenes). Interactions between basic scientists and clinical investigators are beginning to emerge in an effort to foster translational studies in diagnosis and potential future therapeutics in treating viral associated cancers.
Visit the Tumor Virology Program Website.


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POSTED IN: Kitchen Tools , The Basics
TAGS: Tortilla warmer , tortillas , Tortillero
Print This Page | Print Recipe | COMMENTS (5)
Tortilleros tend to be stunning in their craftsmanship, design and color. They are usually handmade and can have from the most simple to the most intricate designs. Mexican cooks take great pride in arranging their table to make it colorful and beautiful, and the tortillero is no exception (continue for more information and photos).
Tortilleros are all circular in shape and are made from many materials. There are basically 2 different types. The first is a woven basket, typically made from natural sources such as wood, palm leaves or different plant materials. The woven version can come with or without a lid.
When it doesn't come with a lid, usually a cloth napkin is placed inside to wrap and hold the tortillas. The cloth napkins can be as beautiful as the tortilleros! Many are hand decorated and sewn like the one above.
The second type of tortilleros are those made completely out of textiles. They are just as creative and can be decorated as the woven ones, from simple, to very dressed. They always have an opening to place the tortillas inside and can also be placed inside of a woven tortillero.
Some people also like to get a thing called a "tortilla warmer", which acts pretty much like a warming pillow. It can be placed in the microwave and then under the tortillero, to keep the tortillas even warmer...
YOU ROCK PATI! Mexican Food is just incredible, the variety, the history. Mexico Lindo y Querido !Kevin Gately | January 29, 2012 1:59 PM
Thank you so much Kevin you made my day!Pati Jinich replied to comment from Kevin Gately | January 30, 2012 2:14 PM
The tortilleros are beautiful. Thanks for sharing this great piece of Mexican cooking. Do you have any resources where these can be purchased stateside? I'm most interested in the cloth ones, but the baskets are really lovely, too!
Gracias!Katrin | January 30, 2012 8:34 PM
Hola Katrin, I've always bought mine in Mexico and do not know where to get them in the US. But, you can use any clean kitchen cloth or cloth napkin as a tortillero!Pati Jinich replied to comment from Katrin | January 31, 2012 2:15 PM
Gracias, Pati. This means I must make a trip to Mexico at some point! I've been using kitchen towels and found they have worked quite well.
BTW, I came upon your blog while on a recipe search. I recently made your Chilorio and it was delicious! My Mexican boyfriend, who had never heard of it, was thrilled by the outcome as well. Thanks for a great website/blog/recipes!Katrin replied to comment from Pati Jinich | February 1, 2012 5:24 PM
You are currently viewing "Pati's Mexican Table: Tortillero" at: http://patismexicantable.com/2012/01/tortillero.html
Courtesy of Pati's Mexican Table: http://patismexicantable.com/
2009 © Patricia Jinich. All text and images are property of Patricia Jinich. All Rights Reserved.


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Essential Guide
Exploring data virtualization tools and technologies
A comprehensive collection of articles, videos and more, hand-picked by our editors
data virtualization
Data virtualization is an umbrella term used to describe any approach to data management that allows an application to retrieve and manipulate data without needing to know any technical details about the data such as how it is formatted or where it is physically located.
Exploring data virtualization tools and technologies
Data virtualization is an umbrella term used to describe any approach to data management that allows an application to retrieve and manipulate data without requiring technical details about the data, such as how it is formatted or where it is physically located.
15 Important Data Management Terms to Know
Hadoop, text mining and big data are just a few top terms raising the level of play in data management. Stay on top of hot terms you need to know to stay on top of your game.
By submitting your personal information, you agree to receive emails regarding relevant products and special offers from TechTarget and its partners. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy.
You are probably familiar with the concept of data virtualization if you store photos on the social networking site Facebook. When you upload a photo to Facebook from your desktop computer, you must provide the upload tool with information about the location of the photo -- the photo's file path. Once it has been uploaded to Facebook, however, you can retrieve the photo without having to know its new file path. In fact, you will have absolutely no idea where Facebook is storing your photo because Facebook software has an abstraction layer that hides that technical information. This abstraction layer is what is meant by some vendors when they use the term data virtualization.
The term can be confusing because some vendors use the labels data virtualization and data federation interchangeably. They do, however, mean slightly different things. The goal of data federation technology is to aggregate heterogeneous data from disparate sources and view it in a consistent manner from a single point of access. The term data virtualization, however, simply means that the technical information about the data has been hidden. Strictly speaking, it does not imply that the data is heterogeneous or that it can be viewed from a single point of access.
See also: virtual database
Continue Reading About data virtualization
- Rick van der Lans explains what he thinks the differences are between the terms data virtualization, data federation and data integration.
Find more PRO+ content and other member only offers, here.


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Hotels in 28040 - Ellenboro NC
Only hotels in 28040 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Ellenboro, NC for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 28040 hotels and motels so you can review the Ellenboro hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Rutherford county and area code 828 are also listed.
28040 Hotels, Motels & Accommodations
Next: Show All Available 28040 Hotels with Pricing >


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Postcards Home from ....
Postcards Home is a special section where MySanAntonio.com readers chronicle their journeys away from home.
Monthly Archive for December, 2008
Art Basel: Where billionaires buy art
Travels with the Design DivaDesigner and writer Michelle Newman documents her world travels in pursuit of adventure, design inspiration, and exotic destinations. This insightful journey leads her to indigenous and ancient cultures in remote places where there are life lessons to be learned. TEXT AND PHOTOS BY MICHELLE NEWMAN The best place to people watch […] [Read More]
Another travel dilemma
Well, now I have another dilemma: India and Pakistan. Before the attacks on Mumbai I was alright with traveling in India and Pakistan. But now as things look, I'm rethinking the idea. Here's how I see it: I don't mind a little gunfire and a few grenades. Hell, I can at least attempt to hide […] [Read More]
The Cruel Hand of Fate
December 1, 2008 Notes From North Africa and Beyond Born and raised in San Antonio, Pickett Porterfield is an aspiring writer and avid wanderer. He has lived in Mexico and has traveled extensively throughout the United States, Europe, Southeast Asia and Latin America. For more tales from the travel trail, check out his previous blog, […] [Read More]
Show More


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The Bachelor
Inside Sean Lowe's Furniture Store, The Factory Girl
On The Bachelorette, Sean Lowe's officially stated occupation was "insurance agent," which is not exactly the sexiest profession we can think of. Owner of a custom furniture store, though? That's a little more like it. It reminds us of the ruggedly manly Aidan Shaw from Sex and the City (whom we'd choose over Mr. Big any day, not that you asked).
Along with two friends, Sean Lowe is part owner of The Factory Girl in Dallas, an online fashion and furniture store. Siblings Jessie and Clay Silver are the CEO and COO, respectively, while Sean is President of the company.
One of Sean's chief duties is brand management and expanding the company's profile, and a genius way to do that is showing off the merchandise. Apparently Sean's entire swanky bachelor pad is decorated with custom-made furnishings from The Factory Girl.
And we have to say, some of the pieces in the online showroom are so nice, we're going to have to ask someone to hide our credit cards from us.
Seriously, Sean, you should really start leading with the whole "custom furniture retailer" gig when you introduce yourself!
Source: Sean Lowe's Instagram, The Factory Girl
Need your daily dose of The Bachelor? Like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter. After all, you'd get our final rose.


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Everbread Haystack mini API
Everbread's Haystack provides online travel agencies as well as travel meta-search websites with a highly customizable airfare shopping engine and multi-source data solution tool. The Haystack miniAPI offers a streamlined method for utilizing Haystack. You can build widgets, extensions, websites and other tools to display content from Haystack's data feeds which include low cost and traditional airline carriers. You can also receive up to 300 free API calls per day. The miniAPI does not allow you to book results. The miniAPI utilizes a JSON-RPC protocol and returns are formatted in JSON.
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Bible Reading Week
"Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path."
Psalms 119: 105
Event dates: October 30, 2011 – November 5, 2011
Sunday Oct. 30, 2011 @ St. Mark's Cathedral, from 8:00pm to 9:15pm
Title: The Holy Bible is the Word of God
Monday Oct. 31, 2011 @ St. Mark's Cathedral, from 8:00pm to 9:15pm
Title: The Holy Bible in our daily life
Tuesday Nov. 1, 2011 @ St. Barsawmo's Church, from 8:00pm to 9:15pm
Title: Women in the Holy Bible
Wednesday Nov. 2, 2011 @ St. Gabriel's Church, from 8:00pm to 9:15pm
Title: The Church and the…
His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim Delivers Lecture to Youth
His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim delivered a lecture on the Syriac Heritage of the Church of Antioch on Sunday, October 16th at St. Mark's Cathedral to an eager audience comprised mostly of youth of the Archdiocese. Young adults came from all the New Jersey and New York parishes to hear His Eminence speak on this topic.
His Eminence began by covering the early history and establishment of the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch, highlighting its very clear Apostolic Line of Succession from the time of the founding of the Church by St. Peter to the present day. He also spoke about the doctrine…
Ordination of a Gospler (Ewangeloyo) Deacon
During the Holy Liturgy, celebrated by His Eminence, Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim, in St. Peter's Church, Long Island, October the 1st, 2011, Subdeacon Jack Sawma was ordained to the rank of Ewangeloyo (Gospler Deacon). His Eminence, Mor Dionysius Jean Kawak assisted in the celebration together with clergy from the area. The Reverend Deacon Sawma has been serving the altar of the Lord since his youth, and has been serving St. Peter's Church, Long Island since it was established. Following the ordination, Archbishop Mor Cyril congratulated St. Peter's Parish on this historical day in the life of the parish. He likewise, congratulated the…
Ordination of Deacons in St. Peter's Church, Long Island
Saturday, October the 1st, 2011 His Eminence, Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim celebrated the Holy Qurobo (Divine Liturgy) at 5 o'clock in the afternoon at St. Peter's Church in Long Island, NY. He was assisted by His Eminence Mor Dionysius Jean Kawak, the Archbishop in charge of the Patriarchal office in Damascus. Clergy and deacons from the local areas also participated. During the Holy Liturgy, Their Eminences ordained the following individuals to the rank of Qoruyo (Reader):
George Akgul, Majd Kedso, Saad Koodsi, Issa Masoodi, John Masoodi, and Christopher Masoodi.
His Eminence delivered a special sermon, stressing on the importance of serving…
Archdiocese Executive Council Holds a Special Meeting on Midland Ave. Progress
On Saturday, October 8th, the Archdiocesan Executive Council held an all day session at the Archdiocesan complex in Teaneck, New Jersey, for the sole purpose of reviewing plans for the Midland Avenue property. Final plan approval from the Borough of Paramus, is imminent and it was felt necessary to immediately put the wheels in motion for what lays ahead.
After much discussion and deliberation the Council proposed focusing initially on the Youth Center and having the Archdiocese take on the ownership and responsibility of the building of the Multi Function Hall. His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim clarified that the renovation of the existing…
His Eminence Attends Patriarch Rai's Divine Liturgy
On Sunday October 23, the Maronite Patriarch, His Beatitude Mar Bechara Boutros Rai, concluded his pastoral visit to his flock in the United States by celebrating the Holy Qurobo (Divine Liturgy) at the Maronite Cathedral of Our Lady of Lebanon in Brooklyn, New York.
His Eminence Archbishop Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim attended the liturgy together with several hierarchs of the Eastern Churches. During the Holy Liturgy His Beatitude delivered a sermon in which he highlight the results of his pastoral visit to the USA. He likewise, instructed his flock to continue to show commitment to their mother countries of the Middle…
His Eminence Mor Dionysius Jean Kawak Visits the Archdiocese
Friday, September the 30th, 2011, His Eminence, Mor Dionysius Jean Kawak, the Archbishop in charge of the Patriarchal office in Damascus started a 40 day visit to the Eastern Archdiocese. His Eminence celebrated the Holy Qurobo (Divine Liturgy) at St. Mark's Cathedral in Teaneck on Sunday, October 2nd. During the Liturgy Archbishop Kawak was welcomed officially by His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim as the honored guest of the Archdiocese of the Eastern United States. His Eminence Archbishop Kawak thanked his brother Archbishop Karim and conveyed to the parishioners the blessings and best wishes of our Holy Father, His Holiness Moran Mor…
Oriental Orthodox Roman Catholic Consultation Meeting 2011
The United States Oriental Orthodox Roman Catholic Consultation held its 2011 meeting at the Divine Compassion Spirituality Center in White Plains, New York, on October 6 and 7. The meeting, co-chaired by His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim of the Syrian Orthodox Church of Antioch and Catholic Bishop Howard J. Hubbard of Albany, New York, focused primarily on pastoral issues facing both churches.
The Oriental Orthodox-Roman Catholic Consultation was established in 1978, and is sponsored jointly by the Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs and the Standing Conference of Oriental Orthodox Churches America, which includes representatives from the Armenian (Catholicossate of…
Rev Fr. Edward Hanna Elevated to Khouroyo (Archpriest)
On Friday, October 28, 2011, His Eminence Mor Cyril Aphrem Karim celebrated Holy Qurobo (Divine Liturgy) at Sts. Peter and Paul Church in Southfield, Michigan, to elevate Fr. Edward Hanna to the Rank of Archpriest (Khouroyo). Also present was Mor Clemis Eugene Kaplan, Archbishop of the Western United States and Mor Dionysius Jean Kawak, Archbishop of the Patriarchal Office in Damascus, in addition to a large number of clergy from different parishes. His Eminence presided over the special ceremony and delivered an inspirational sermon expressing his appreciation to the services of Fr. Hanna and the parish of Sts. Peter and Paul. Afterward the…


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CLEMSON — All week, Boston College defensive coordinator Don Brown heard naysayers say the Eagles wouldn't be able to get players on the field fast enough to make substitutions against No. 3 Clemson's fast-paced offense.
"What do they think I am? A moron?" Brown asked Saturday after Boston College held the Tigers to two touchdowns on offense.
Clemson, held out of the end zone for the first half, finally figured out how to win. But a 24-14 victory over 24-point underdog Boston College is a shaky way to go into next week's projected epic Atlantic Coast Conference battle with No. 6 Florida State at Death Valley.
Looking ahead?
On too many plays, Clemson players looked like they weren't looking at the football. Five fumbles (two lost). Dropped passes. A missed chip-shot field goal try from reliable Chandler Catanzaro.
ESPN's "GameDay" bus on its way from Seattle for the Oregon-Washington game probably pulled over in Idaho to make sure the travel orders hadn't been altered.
"OK, there WAS concern @CollegeGameDay travel dept when #Clemson trailed BC," Chris Fowler tweeted from the Great Northwest. "Up 10 now in 4th."
The nation's "GameDay II" refrain to Clemson Nation: Prove it.
Expect a point spread pretty close to even in the first top five matchup played in South Carolina. Expect money to tilt toward Tallahassee.
The Tigers (6-0) amassed 496 yards of offense but struggled early and late.
They couldn't put the Eagles away. Back-to-back possessions in the fourth quarter yielded 18 yards.
Comparison to FSU
"We just have to be more consistent in the run game," Clemson offensive coordinator Chad Morris said. "We have to be able to hang on to the football, eliminate turnovers and protect the ball. That's the biggest thing."
Boston College knows the Florida State-Clemson matchup better than any team. The Seminoles won, 48-34, in Chestnut Hill on Sept. 28. Boston College had a 17-3 lead before redshirt freshman quarterback Jameis Winston threw four touchdown passes.
"They both have really good defenses, they're both explosive on offense, they both have quarterbacks that are something," Boston College head coach Steve Addazio said. "They're really good football teams. I've been in the arena with a lot of good football teams in my career and these are two really good football teams. That will be a heck of a battle."
Brown called the Boyd-Winston quarterback clash "unbelievable."
"Tajh is a little bit more of a guy that when he scrambles, he's looking to run," the Boston College defensive coordinator said. "Winston when he scrambles, he tries to keep it alive and throw it down the field more. Both are equally tough to defend."
Fast start a key
Wide receiver Alex Amidon caught seven passes for 42 yards against Florida State, six passes for 121 yards and a touchdown at Clemson.
"The defenses are a lot different," Amidon said. "Florida State's the type of team that has a really good defensive backfield and then Clemson's pass rush is really good. The defenses work differently, with Florida State playing coverage a lot and Clemson relying on the pass rush."
Yes, Clemson won Saturday by double digits for the 14th consecutive time against an unranked foe.
But this Boston College team, 3-3, doesn't have Matt Ryan at quarterback. Just two weeks ago, Army scored 27 points against these guys (in a 48-27 Eagles win).
Of course, a wakeup call to the wise can translate into positives.
No doubt, that Clemson has improved on defense in Brent Venables' second season as defensive coordinator is encouraging; the Tigers have given up 35 points over the last three games. The offense has the respect of almost everyone in college football.
But with the burden of proof on Death Valley, Clemson is better off starting fast next week.
"We knew we had to come and show them we're here," Amidon said in explaining the Boston College charge. "That quiets the crowd down a lot."
Follow Gene Sapakoff on Twitter @sapakoff
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Since Ted Cruz is planning on talking from now until whenever, he should add in that Wall Street executives get free mental health screenings. Or at least access to better handlers. AIG's Bob Benmosche has found himself under fire due to an interview he gave to the Wall Street Journal.
While discussing outrage over banker bonuses, he decided to drop this quote: "was intended to stir public anger, to get everybody out there with their pitchforks and their hangman nooses, and all that – sort of like what we did in the Deep South. And I think it was just as bad and just as wrong."
Yeah. He compared people getting angry over bailed out firms getting bonuses to people getting lynched. For one, not a single banker was lynched, nor attacked or any other version of physical harm. They did however get their bonuses. So Bob gets to keep his sense of entitlement.
Wait, where have we heard rich, powerful people rail against entitlements before? Oh, that's only for the lower class. My mistake Bob. Carry on brother. Get on your jet to the Hamptons. Wouldn't want that nonexistent crowd to get you now, would we?
Of course, when morons say stupid things, they are quick to draw up equally idiotic apologies. A Wall Street apology? Why it was a poor choice of words. What PR firm drew up that one?
With his quote came the calls for his resignation. Officials in New York and in Congress were calling on AIG to distance themselves from the statement immediately.
Don't worry, I'm sure the next time AIG works to implode the economy, they will come hat in hand again. Maybe Congress will remember the stupidity of upper management and promptly show them the door.


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This page offers an alphabetical index of forms that support the implementation of policies and procedures that are maintained and/or operated by LTDS. A list of all the policies and procedures, and guidelines associated with the above forms is also available.
If you require alternative format editions of any of these documents please contact Simon Meacher in the first instance: firstname.lastname@example.com, 0191 208 3969.


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Note to readers: This event has been rescheduled for April 25 at Marion Square.
Shauna King admits that the first time she went to the hospital with a rape victim, it was scary.
"Your heart is right there in your throat," she said.
King is one of about 60 volunteers with People Against Rape. She went through the training after reading about the agency's financial troubles and desperate need for volunteers.
She also has accompanied a victim to her interview with police.
"A lot of women will recant their stories because it's so hard to go through ... the examination is pretty grueling, (and then) to go through the questioning," she said, "it's demoralizing."
That's why the volunteers are so important to the group, now more than ever.
'We're still here'
The overall theme for tonight's Take Back the Night event is one of survival and optimism, said Vickey Cornelison-Grant, PAR board member and treasurer.
PAR is in the midst of a rebirth. Leaders are confident that the final audit (which will be completed sometime after April 15) will mesh with a preliminary audit, which showed no one currently involved with the group was involved with the mishandling of funds that put the agency near the brink of collapse and caused it to retreat from view for a few months.
So when it came time to plan this year's Take Back the Night, Cornelison-Grant said the planning committee agreed on a few things.
"Everybody decided we didn't want to do a march, we didn't want to do the chanting," as they have at previous events at the College of Charleston. "We wanted it to be family friendly. We wanted it to be about hope and survival."
PAR President Dean Kilpatrick agreed. "Our goal is to let the community know that we're back, that we're as dedicated as ever to addressing the sexual assault problem and that we really do have some good plans for the future," Kilpatrick said.
From 6 to 9 p.m. at Brittlebank Park, there will be food trucks, music, poetry readings and more. Charleston Police Chief Greg Mullen and Mayor Joe Riley will attend, the latter on hand to issue a proclamation naming April 4 as Shatter the Silence, Stop the Violence Day in the city.
Next steps
PAR volunteers help victims throughout the tri-county area, and they still need volunteers. Once the audit clears, PAR will be eligible for grants, and it looks forward to being able to hire paid staff. The volunteer support has been tremendous, board members said, but many of the volunteers also have full-time jobs.
High up on Cornelison-Grant's list is for the group to be able to do court accompaniments, for what King described as the third round of questioning for victims.
"I think PAR will not rest until we really have taken back the night, and the daytime too, for that matter," Kilpatrick said.
That's a great goal, and a necessary one. Statistics show one in five women will be sexually assaulted in her lifetime; in 2011, a rape was committed once every 6.3 minutes.
Read more at blog.postand courier.com/the-balog-blog.
Notice about comments:
The Post and Courier is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. Some of the comments may be reprinted elsewhere in the site or in the newspaper. We ask that you refrain from profanity, hate speech, personal comments and remarks that are off point.
We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click the X that appears in the upper right corner when you hover over a comment. This will send the comment to Facebook for review. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.


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Milo Sommers gets his virgin ass plowed by Nick Sterling's thick meat.
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Jennifer Hudson may not have won the third season of American Idol many moons ago, but she is definitely winning in her life as it stands now. J. Hud is one of the rare singers whose acting chops come closely equal to her powerful voice. When word spread about her role as Winnie Mandela in the biopic Winnie, we were excited to see what the Oscar winning singer could do with the role of the anti-apartheid historical figure. Alongside Terrence Howard who plays Nelson Mandela it looks like J. Hud may have nailed it.
Hudson is skilled in portraying emotion, think back to her role in Dreamgirls. Despite (the real) Winnie Mandela's feelings that it was disrespectful to make the movie and not consult her, it seems as if J. Hud put her all in to getting this portrayal right, hopefully making Ms. Mandela proud. Not only is Hudson showing off her acting skills in Winnie, she's also joining Idol alum Katharine McPhee on season two of Smash. It's official–J. Hud is taking over a television and movie screen near you.


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Accessories News
Burlington and Thread in Sustainable Fabric Deal
Burlington, a division of the International Textile Group, is partnering with Thread as the exclusive global woven manufacturer to develop socio- and eco-conscious fabrics.
— July 30, 2015
Guy Milinazzo Promoted at Gladson
Gladson is the men's custom fabric division of HMS International.
— July 29, 2015
Ideas for Change Features New Textile Materials
Among the speakers were two scientists working with companies that are helping to establish new materials and methods to advance the textile and other sectors.
— July 24, 2015
U.S. Yarn Production Climbs 4.4%
The increase in the U.S. bucked the 15 percent drop in global yarn production, due to double-digit contractions posted in Europe and Asia.
— July 23, 2015
Portly Woes: New Labor Contract A Band-Aid on Bigger Problems
The implications of the man-made disaster that befell the West Coast ports this year and led to a widespread slowdown along the waterfront are varied.
— July 20, 2015
Textile Exchange Launches Responsible Down Web Site
The site offers simple explanations about the standard, the supply chain, information about down and feathers, and stories, news and updates.
— July 17, 2015
Unifi Expanding Repreve Capacity
The expansion of the facility will increase capacity to produce Unifi's Repreve recycled fiber brand and other premier value-added products by up to 60 million pounds annually.
UBM Said Eyeing Mexico's Largest Textiles Fair Intermoda
Offers are said to have been made by UBM, Reed and Messe Frankfurt.
— July 16, 2015
Mexican Textile Producers Hope to See Export Surge
Mexico's textile and apparel sector is betting exports will top $4 billion in 2015, thanks to rising U.S. demand.
— July 15, 2015


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U.S.-Korea Relations, Political/Security, & Economic/Trade Issues
Charles Francis Adams Lecture by The Honorable Alexander Vershbow, U.S. Ambassador to Korea.
China, Asia and America: A Dangerous Confusion
Charles Francis Adams Lecture by Dr. William H, Overholt, Asia Policy Chair and Director, RAND Center for Asia Pacific Policy.
China's Economic Statecraft toward Southeast Asia
Professor Wang talks about the most recent presidential election in Taiwan as well as other Chinese and East Asian regional issues.
Enforcement and the U.S.-China Dispute
Yoshifumi Fukunaga.


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Back to Newsletters
January 2011 HCV Advocate
Download printable version
In This Issue:
Top 10 News of 2010
Alan Franciscus, Editor-in-Chief
HealthWise: Vitamin D and the Liver
Lucinda K. Porter, RN
HCV Snapshots
Lucinda K. Porter, RN
AASLD 2010: Part 2
Alan Franciscus, Editor-in-Chief
HCV Advocate Eblast
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Top 10 News of 2010
—Alan Franciscus, Editor-in-Chief
It's that time of year again when the staff of HCSP and the HCV Advocate compile the top news stories about hepatitis C. It seems like I was just sitting down compiling a list for 2009, but what a year this has been for drug development, diagnostic tools and discoveries–all of which provide insights that expand our knowledge and understanding of the hepatitis C virus.
The top story of the year is shared by telaprevir and boceprevir followed by important news stories that are not necessarily in order of importance.
Top News Story of the Year
HCV Protease Inhibitors—Telaprevir and Boceprevir. Both drugs finished their phase III clinical studies in 2010. When boceprevir and telaprevir were combined with pegylated interferon and ribavirin the studies showed an increase in the number of people who can be cured. In addition some people who achieved a rapid and dramatic decrease in HCV RNA (viral load) early on in treatment were able to shorten the duration of treatment. The higher response rates were seen in people who had never been treated (treatment naïve) and in people who had been treated before but did not achieve an SVR. The added good news is that in the groups that traditionally have had poor treatment response rates—African Americans, Hispanics and people with cirrhosis—the treatment response rates are vastly improved.
Of note: Vertex completed their application to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing approval of telaprevir—approval is expected by mid-2011.
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HEALTHWISE: Vitamin D and the Liver
—Lucinda K. Porter, RN
Vitamin D is frequently in the news, presenting interesting, but conflicting information. At the recent Liver Meeting sponsored by the AASLD, there were at least two posters about vitamin D and chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. On November 30, 2010, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies (IOM) released its vitamin D consensus report. This month's Healthwise discusses vitamin D—what it is, why we need it, how much we need, how to get enough, and what those of us with hepatitis C need to know about this supplement.
The liver is essential for the production of vitamin D. A prohormone (precursor to a hormone), vitamin D is activated first by the liver; then by the kidneys. Vitamin D enters the body two ways—via sunlight or by consuming it. When exposed to sunlight's ultraviolet B (UVB) rays, the skin manufactures vitamin D and the bloodstream transports D to the liver. If consumed by way of food or dietary supplements, vitamin D is circulated to the liver for activation.
The best-known disease associated with vitamin D deficiency is rickets, a condition that causes softening and deformity of the bones. During the industrial era in northern United States and Europe, children working in factories lacked sunlight, making them susceptible to rickets. Scientist discovered the link between vitamin D and rickets, and beginning in the 1930's, children were given a daily dose of cod liver oil. Fortifying milk with vitamin D dramatically reduced rickets in the U.S. Children were quite happy to drink milk rather than smelly fish oil.
If you scan the news, it looks like vitamin D is a wonder supplement, suggesting that vitamin D does more than just protect the bones. There are reports linking vitamin D to muscle tissue, inflammation, and the immune system. Lab, animal, and epidemiological data suggest a possible link between low vitamin D levels, cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, multiple sclerosis, gum disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis.
Since the vitamin D research is confusing, the governments of the U.S. and Canada asked the IOM to clarify the issue. In its report "Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D," the IOM thoroughly reviewed all available research and made the following conclusions:
Although the IOM's report is exhaustive, it is not necessarily perfect. The IOM based its recommendations on a literature review, rather than the gold-standard randomized, double-blind, placebo study. Other researchers are voicing their objections about the IOM's report, stating that the report is not conclusive and should not make across the board recommended daily allowances that don't take geography into consideration.
What we do know is that older adults with insufficient vitamin D are at risk for osteopenia (bone thinning) and osteoporosis (bone loss), which may lead to fractures and other complications. With age, the skin's ability to utilize sun as a source of vitamin D is compromised. Adequate supplementation is the best insurance policy.
Vitamin D and Liver Disease
People with liver disease are susceptible to vitamin D deficiency according to an article titled "Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Liver Disease" (Digestive Diseases and Science, September 2010). In this study, researchers Arteh, Narra, and Nair from the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis, TN looked at 118 patients: 43 with HCV cirrhosis, 57 non-cirrhotic patients with HCV, and 18 patients who had cirrhosis from a cause other than HCV. Arteh and colleagues found that 92% of patients with chronic liver disease had vitamin D deficiency. One-third of these had severe vitamin D deficiency; African American females had the highest risk.
Looking further at the role of vitamin D and liver disease, a team of researchers presented a poster at the 2010 Liver Meeting. In "Vitamin D Metabolites Inhibit Replication of the Hepatitis C Virus" by Gutierrez et al. presented laboratory data showing vitamin D's ability to inhibit HCV replication. More research is needed to understand the relationship of vitamin D, liver cells and HCV.
Also at the 2010 Liver Meeting, Mouch and Assy presented a poster titled "Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Viral Response in Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 2/3 Patients Treated with Peg Interferon Alpha and Ribavirin." This small study looked at 40 HCV patients with genotypes 2 and 3. Baseline levels of vitamin D were measured, before treating all subjects with standard HCV medications. Half of the subjects were also given 1000 to 4000 IU/day of vitamin D, depending on their baseline vitamin D levels.
Despite the fact that the vitamin D group had higher body mass and viral loads, those who took additional vitamin D had better treatment outcomes. It was also noted that those who had lower vitamin D levels at baseline were more likely not to respond to HCV treatment.
Taking Vitamin D
Your medical provider can order a simple blood test to see if you are getting sufficient vitamin D. The IOM recommends that vitamin D levels should be above 20 nanograms per milliliter of blood.
Although we get most of our vitamins from food, vitamin D is more readily obtained from the sun and supplementation. It is naturally available in a few foods, such as fatty fish (salmon, sardines, and mackerel), fish liver and beef liver. Fortified foods are the highest source of dietary vitamin D for those living in the U.S.
Sun exposure is a good source of vitamin D, but it is a not a perfect source. First, there is not enough UV energy in the winter above 42 degrees north latitude (above Boston or the northern border of California). People living in much of Canada and Alaska have less than 6 months of sufficient UV energy from the sun to produce sufficient vitamin D. Second, UV is a potential carcinogen and most experts suggest avoiding direct sunlight or using sunscreen.
In ideal circumstances, 5 to 30 minutes of sun exposure to the arms, and legs or face three times weekly in sunny weather (between 10 AM and 3 PM) will yield sufficient vitamin D. However, darker skin, older age, obesity and other factors may interfere with obtaining adequate D levels. Sunscreen, a necessary protection from skin cancer, melanoma, and interferon-related photosensitivity reduces vitamin D exposure.
Certain medications may interfere with production of vitamin D. The most common of these are anti-seizure medications such Dilantin, weight loss drugs such as Xenical and Alli, the cholesterol-lowering medication cholestyramine and steroids, such as Prednisone.
The best way to insure sufficient vitamin D intake is with dietary supplements. The IOM recommends 600 IU/day for children and adults ages 1 to 70. The RDA for adults over age 71 is 800 IU/day of vitamin D. Keep in mind that if you get vitamin D from the sun and fortified foods, you may already be getting sufficient vitamin D. Do not take more vitamin D than your medical provider recommends.
Excess Vitamin D
Vitamins are classified as water-soluble (dissolves in water) or fat-soluble (dissolves in fat). Water soluble vitamins B and C are eliminated from the body fairly quickly. Fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K are stored in the liver. Therefore, it is possible to have excess fat-soluble vitamins stored in the liver, particularly vitamin A.
Excess vitamin D is rare as the amount that produces toxicity is quite high. Adults taking 50,000 IU/day for several months can reach toxic levels. The symptoms of vitamin D toxicity are nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, excessive urination, excessive thirst, weakness, nervousness, itching, and eventually kidney failure. The IOM advises no more than 4000 IU/day for adults and children over age 9.
Now that the winter months are shortening the amount of sun we are exposed to, take a moment to assess your vitamin D intake. If you have liver disease, such as hepatitis C, are over age 70, or have any factors that may interfere with your body's production of vitamin D, talk to your medical provider about a blood test to measure the levels. Getting enough vitamin D is a simple, relatively inexpensive way of protecting your health.
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HCV Snapshots
—Lucinda K. Porter, RN
Article: Pegylated Interferon plus Optimized Weight-Based Ribavirin Dosing Negate the Influence of Weight and Body Mass Index on Early Viral Kinetics and Sustained Virological Response in Chronic Hepatitis C, V. Pattullo, N. C. Ravindran, T. Mazzulli, D. K. H. Wong, E. J. Heathcote.
Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis Volume 17, Issue 12, pages 834–838, December 2010.
The goal of this retrospective study was to determine whether weight or body mass index (BMI) influenced response to hepatitis C treatment. The study looked at subjects with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) who were treated with peginterferon plus weight-based ribavirin. The findings from 134 subjects looked at rapid viral response (RVR) and sustained viral response (SVR). The study group average was genotype 1 (57%), BMI 26.7 ± 4.5 kg/m2, with a ribavirin dose of 13.9 ± 2.6 mg/kg/day.
The Bottom Line: The conclusions showed that neither body weight nor BMI influenced RVR or SVR. When weight-based ribavirin is prescribed, the RVR was a more likely positive predictor of SVR than were genotype, viral load, body weight or BMI.
Editorial Comment: Although this report contradicts previous information about BMI and response to treatment, this study is limited in its power to be compelling. First, this is a small study, so more data are needed. Second, the research is retrospective, rather than prospective. Data collection from randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled studies carry more weight than data collected when researchers look backward at the data. Imagine the difference if you are told that there is a treasure chest in your house versus being told that there is something valuable in your house. If you look for a treasure chest, you might only look in places that are large enough to hide a chest, but you might miss a stock certificate hidden in a smaller place. Scientists try to be objective, but it is harder to do so when looking back at available data.
Article: Predictors of Early Treatment Discontinuation among Patients with Genotype 1 Hepatitis C and Implications for Viral Eradication, Lauren A. Beste, George N. Ioannou, Meaghan S. Larson, Michael Chapko, Jason A. Dominitz.
Source: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Volume 8, Issue 11, Pages 972-978, November 2010.
This research looked at risk factors that led to early discontinuation of treatment in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with genotype 1 who were prescribed 48 weeks of treatment. This study used retrospectively collected data from all HCV patients with genotype 1 who were treated with standard pegylated interferon and ribavirin from 2002–2007 by Veterans Affairs. There were 11,019 subjects.
More than half of the patients completed 80% of the prescribed 48 weeks. Nearly 17% were non-responders, and were discontinued early; approximately 31% discontinued for other reasons.
Factors most associated with early termination before week 12 were cirrhosis, diabetes, pretreatment substance use disorder, hemoglobin, and lack of hematopoietic growth factor.
Looking at patients who had a confirmed response to treatment, discontinuation between weeks 12–24 was associated with higher baseline levels of creatinine, depression, and lack of growth factor use.
No independent factors correlated among patients who responded to treatment but discontinued sometime between 24–48 weeks.
The Bottom Line: The researchers recommend further evaluation of the use of growth factors in order to help patients avoid early discontinuation of HCV treatment. Further recommendations include looking at other risk factors for early termination of treatment, such as pre-existing substance use, depression, cirrhosis, or diabetes.
Editorial Comment: Although this is a retrospective study, the large study population makes the data more significant. However, growth factors do have potentially risky side effects, and the data on this are somewhat conflicting. The researchers' advice for further study of growth factor use and other variables that may lead to early discontinuation is good.
Article: Patient-To-Patient Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) during Colonoscopy Diagnosis, Fernando Gonzalez-Candelas, Silvia Guiral , Rosa Carbo, Ana Valero, Hermelinda Vanaclocha, Francisco Gonzalez and Maria A Bracho.
Source: Virology Journal, September 8, 2010.
It is estimated that between 10 to 40% of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) state they do not have a known risk factor. Researchers have been trying to discover possible explanations for these cases. Since a reported case of HCV transmission during a colonoscopy appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine (1997), researchers have been evaluating the possible transmission of HCV through this and other medical procedures.
In this retrospective study, researchers looked at the possible transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in two patients who had undergone colonoscopy at the same endoscopy unit. Both patients were HCV-negative prior to the procedure; three months later, each was diagnosed with HCV found when each attempted to donate blood. Blood samples were analyzed from all other patients who had undergone colonoscopies in the same frame; two more HCV+ case were found out of 36 possible cases. Of these four cases, 3 had genotype 1b; 1 had genotype 2c and was eliminated as unrelated. Extensive genetic testing pointed to the likelihood that two of the patients acquired HCV from the HCV+ patient who had the colonoscopy prior to them.
The Bottom Line: The researchers were able to show transmission of HCV from patient-to-patient. However, the exact mode of transmission was unclear. The three patients had the same medical staff, medications, room, and blood collection. Transmission could have occurred at some point during the colonoscopy, from the tools used during the procedure, the anesthesia procedures, or via other breaks in safety practices.
Editorial Comment: The transmission of HCV from one patient to another during a colonoscopy is known as a nosocomial infection, likely occurring because of hospitalization or medical care. There have been only a few reported cases of HCV transmission during colonoscopy, despite the fact that more than 6 million are performed annually (Philadelphia Business Journal, March 2004). Medical procedures are generally safe as they are heavily safe-guarded against transmission of microorganisms. Unfortunately, mistakes do happen. A person's chances of dying from undiscovered colon cancer because of refusal of a colonoscopy are greater than dying after acquiring HCV during a colonoscopy. On the other hand, we all want to avoid premature death, so if you have concerns about HCV transmission during colonoscopy, you can request this information from your endoscopy center.
Article: Evaluation of Acute Hepatitis C Infection Surveillance: United States, 2008. Reported by RM Klevens, DDS, Div of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; RA Tohme, MD, EIS Officer, CDC.
Source: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) November 5, 2010 / 59(43); 1407-1410.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) publishes the MMWR every week, occasionally featuring an aspect of viral hepatitis. Responding to predictions that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is expected to place a huge burden on our medical system from 2010 to 2019, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended an intensive evaluation of the system that monitors viral hepatitis cases. Using acute hepatitis cases in 2008, the CDC compared two surveillance systems: National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) and the Emerging Infections Program (EIP).
Every week, state health departments voluntarily report NNDSS data, including new cases of HCV to the CDC via an electronic system. The data include demographics (name and address are not reported), clinical information (e.g., date of onset, date of diagnosis, jaundice, hospitalization, and death), and risk factor exposures occurring 6 weeks to 6 months before illness onset. No laboratory results are sent to CDC through this system.
In 2008, the CDC launched a program to monitor 28 million people with the EIP system funding it in six states, 34 counties in New York, and New York City. EIP collects more information than the NNDSS, including laboratory reports. Staff members using EIP directly contact healthcare providers to complete the EIP forms, and report acute HCV cases to the CDC on a monthly basis.
The Bottom Line: The NNDSS was flawed, with missing data and delays in reporting. Due to budget constraints, several states were unable to handle the volume of cases, leading to a back load of unrecorded cases. Without complete, accurate, and timely surveillance, public health departments are not capable of identifying and quickly reacting to outbreaks, prevention measures are not put into place and those with acute HCV are not being treated early enough. The EIP appears to be effective at identifying outbreaks of HCV.
The CDC recommends employing a nationwide EIP system in order to improve HCV surveillance, in order to intervene early and reduce the overall morbidity and mortality associated with HCV infection.
Editorial Comment: The treatment for acute HCV is very effective with slightly fewer side effects since it uses interferon without ribavirin. Trying to identify HCV in its acute stages is sensible, compassionate, and a good use of public health funds.
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AASLD 2010: Part 2
—Alan Franciscus, Editor-in-Chief
In the first part of our coverage of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Conference (AASLD) — click here— I focused exclusively on the new Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs). In part two of our AASLD coverage I will discuss information released about pegylated interferon, long-term sustainability of a viral cure, and other important and interesting information.
The IDEAL Study
The IDEAL study, which was conducted using PegIntron or Pegasys plus ribavirin to treat HCV genotype 1 treatment-naïve patients, has given us a wealth of information about everything from treatment response to the identification of the variation in the IL28B gene region (cc genotype) that was shown to be present in the majority of people who achieved a sustained virological response (HCV RNA or viral load negative 24 weeks after the last dose of HCV medication). This year there were two retrospective analyses released at AASLD:
Note: A1C measures the amount of sugar in the blood–a typical non-diabetic patient has a level of A1C of 6.5 or lower.
The authors concluded that patients who had impaired glucose or diabetes were less likely to achieve an SVR and were more likely to relapse after treatment was completed. However, the glucose levels did not correlate with SVR, but it was noted that the patients with A1C > 8.5 were excluded from the study, which could have biased this particular conclusion. The authors noted that a study was needed to assess improvement in glucose levels prior to treatment to find out if improved glucose levels translated to better treatment outcomes.
Note: A1C measures the amount of sugar in the blood–a typical non-diabetic patient has a level of A1C of 6.5 or lower.
The authors concluded that patients who had impaired glucose or diabetes were less likely to achieve an SVR and were more likely to relapse after treatment was completed. However, the glucose levels did not correlate with SVR, but it was noted that the patients with A1C > 8.5 were excluded from the study, which could have biased this particular conclusion. The authors noted that a study was needed to assess improvement in glucose levels prior to treatment to find out if improved glucose levels translated to better treatment outcomes.
Histological Improvement
Two studies reviewed data to find out if treatment improved overall survival. The first study was of 103 patients who were treated by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) beginning in 1984 with interferon or pegylated interferon with or without ribavirin. Only 3 patients (<3%) relapsed after achieving an SVR. The follow-up period was .05 to 22 years. No cases of liver decompensation, cancer or liver-related death were reported.
Comments: It's important to remember that back when these studies were being conducted viral load tests were not as sensitive, which means that some people who were classified as achieving an SVR may have had a low viral load. This most likely explains the 3% of people who became viral load positive after achieving an SVR. Studies of Pegasys and PegIntron data that goes back at least 5 years show that less than 1% of people relapse after achieving an SVR. The most important take away message is that after this long follow-up period there were improvements in liver health and survival—this is a remarkable finding.
The second study was from the HALT-C study and looked at long-term outcomes of people who had advanced fibrosis and who were treated with a low dose (maintenance) of Pegasys for up to 48 months. The first analyses of the data that included follow-up of up to 4.6 years did not find any improvement in overall survival. BUT now that there has been 6.1 years of follow-up it was found that the incidence of HCC or liver cancer was 8.1% in the HALT-C group compared to 13.8% in the control group. Furthermore, patients who were treated for a minimum of 2 years had considerably lower incidence of liver cancer compared to the untreated control group.
Comments: This is all very good news because even in the absence of achieving an SVR patients were able to improve the health of their livers.
PEG Lambda
PEG lambda is a different type of pegylated interferon that Bristol-Myers Squibb is developing for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. PEG lambda or IL-29 (once-a-week or once-every-two-week injection) belongs to a new class of interferons called type 3. Although it is in very early development some small studies have shown that it may be as effective as pegylated interferon (Pegasys and PegIntron) and produce fewer side effects.
Below is a recap of a couple of small studies released at this year's conference:
Comments: These are important studies for a few reasons:
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North Charleston's FREE 4th of July Festival at Riverfront park features nationally recognized musical guest, family activities, and concludes with the largest fireworks display in the State.
Learn more
Children's Theatre performances are presented at the Sterett Hall Auditorium at 1530 7th Street on the former Charleston Naval Base (unless otherwise noted). Performances begin at 10:00am and last approximately one hour. Picnic facilities and open areas are available at the nearby Riverfront Park for groups to enjoy an outdoor lunch following the performance.
Admission, Reservations, and Payment:
Tickets are $2 per child; accompanying adults are admitted at no charge (unless otherwise noted). Admission fee is waived for students on free/reduced lunch status. Group reservations are required (download registration form).
Seats fill up fast, so reserve early by calling the City of North Charleston Cultural Arts Department office at 843-740-5854.
Payment is due at the door, but may be made in advance. Cash, check, Visa, Mastercard, and American Express are accepted.
2014/15 CHILDREN'S THEATRE SCHEDULE (subject to change)
presented by Atlantic Coast Theatre for Youth (For grades K-5)
Friday, December 12, 2014
The classic Brothers Grimm story takes the stage as an original musical with new lyrics set to traditional holiday melodies. An Elf must help a poor shoemaker with assistance from some of the elves in the audience. Don Gruel & Noel Holland of A.C.T. for Youth have been touring throughout the U.S. since 1995, giving hundreds of performances for more than 70,000 audience members annually.
presented in honor of Black History Month by Bright Star Touring Theatre (For grades PreK – 5)
Friday, February 13, 2015
The life and work of Jackie Robinson takes the stage in this heartwarming, lively and interactive production about how one man changed America. Audiences join Jackie as he learns valuable lessons from his mother, then cheer him on as he scores his first home run as a professional baseball player. Participation continues as volunteers join Jackie onstage to help him overcome bullying without fighting back. This play includes powerful lessons about the end of segregation and inspires young people to do what is right, follow their dreams, and never give up. The 2014/15 season marks Black Star Touring Theatre's 12th anniversary of providing professional theatre to young audiences across the nation!
presented by Children's Theatre of Charlotte (For grades K-5)
Friday, April 10, 2015 |
Mike Mulligan and his beloved Steam Shovel, Mary Anne, have been together for many years. But times have changed and newer, fancier shovels have become fashionable, leaving them out of work and down to their last dime. Their final hope lies in the little town of Popperville, which needs a basement dug for its new City Hall. The story of hard work, determination friendship comes to life in this delightful musical adaptation, where we learn that the newest, biggest or most expensive isn't necessarily the best. Founded in 1948, Children's Theatre Of Charlotte is one of the country's largest arts & education organizations that serves young people. The group has received a number of accolades, including a 2008 "Medallion" from the Children's Theatre Foundation of America.
2014/15 Children's theatre flyer
2014/15 Children's theatre registration form
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Teachers at City College of San Francisco have sued to block regulators from taking steps to shutter California's largest community college, which was stripped of its accreditation earlier this year.
The California Federation of Teachers and the American Federation of Teachers filed the lawsuit in San Francisco Superior Court on behalf of the 78-year-old college's 1,500 instructors.
It seeks an injunction to stop the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges from shutting the college, which has 80,000 students. The commission voted in July to stop accrediting the school next year, citing a lack of financial accountability and other longstanding problems.


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Jason Love had his second consecutive double-double on Saturday.
Nov. 21, 2009
Box Score | Quotes | Notes | Photo Gallery
CINCINNATI - For the second consecutive game, Jordan Crawford established a new career high as the sophomore guard scored 26 points to lead the Xavier University men's basketball team past Sacred Heart by a 105-65 score on Saturday evening at Cintas Center. With the win, the Musketeers improve to 3-0 on the season while the Pioneers improve to 2-2.
The Musketeers, who scored 101 points in Tuesday's victory over Bowling Green, have put together back-to-back 100-point games for the first time since the 2007-08 season. Xavier scored 103 on December 31, 2007 against Kansas State and 108 on January 3, 2008 against Virginia.
Crawford's 26 came on an unconscious 11-of-15 shooting performance, including a 4-of-5 effort from beyond the 3-point arc.
Senior center Jason Love added his second straight double-double with a 14-point, 15-rebound effort. He was 5-of-8 from the floor and a perfect 4-for-4 from the free throw line. Love's 15 rebounds marked the first time a Musketeer has hauled in 15 or more boards since former Musketeer Derrick Brown turned the trick against BYU in the first round of the 2007 NCAA Tournament.
Freshman guard Mark Lyons tied a career high with 12 points and established a new career best with four assists. Lyons was a solid 8-of-10 from the free throw line. Sophomore center Kenny Frease scored 14 points on 6-fo-9 shooting.
Junior forward Jamel McLean scored eight points on 3-of-4 shooting and snared a career-high 13 rebounds.
SHU trailed by three points, 9-6, in the early goings of the first half but the Musketeers stepped squarely on the Pioneers' throat with a 25-6 run over an 8:15 stretch and jumped out to a commanding 36-12 lead with 6:45 remaining in the first half.
Crawford, who scored 17 points on 7-of-11 shooting in the first half, keyed the run with 12 points over the decisive stretch. In fact, Sacred Heart converted on only two more field goals (9) than Crawford (7) in the first stanza.
The Musketeers would never let up in this one and extended their lead to as many as 48 points en route to the 105-65 win.
XU shot a scintillating 56.7 from the field against Sacred Heart and held the Pioneers to just 34.4 percent from the floor.
XU clearly dominated in all facets, out-scoring SHU 46-to-20 in the paint and out-rebounding the Pioneers 51-to-28. The Musketeers forced Sacred Heart into 14 turnovers and out-scored SHU 20-to-9 in points off turnovers. Xavier was off to the races on Saturday, winning the fast break points battle 27-to-6.
Xavier is back in action on Thanksgiving Day when the team takes on Marquette in the first round of the Old Spice Classic. Game time is set for 2 p.m. in Orlando, Fla. and the contest will be televised nationally on ESPN2.


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Compilation of articles about petroleum exploration, accessible via a text-and-image database that includes AAPG bulletin, AAPG special publications, and meeting paper abstracts, Journal of petroleum geology, Journal of sedimentary research.
Photographs, newspaper clippings, maps, postcards, and other ephemera depicting life at Miami and in Oxford during the 1960s.
Exhibit on display in King 321.
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B.E.S.T. Library services limited Saturday June 27 by building power outage
Need to relax before your next exam? Try Amos Music Library's playlist.
Stats Help Desk - hours during finals week


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Native American Ancestry in African Americans
Many people in the United States of America have a family tradition of Native American ancestry. There is a new paper about detecting minority components in autosomal DNA. That is the stuff that comes from all eight great grandparents. The paper says that on average African American samples from a scientific dataset contain about 0.4% native ancestry. What is 0.4%?
Well, let us say the current generation was born about 1950. That was the date popular with my first anthropology teacher. Then let us call the average generation about 25 years.[table "2" not found /]
At generation 9 (or 8 generations back) there are 256 ancestors. One of these is on average about 0.39% of ones autosomal ancestry. That is close to the roughly 0.4% found by researchers. The finding indicates then that 1 in 256 of the average African American's ancestors we Native American. If you are an African American genealogist and wish to go after that family story of Native Heritage, be of good cheer. There is likely some truth in the story.
Maples, B. K., Gravel, S., Kenny, E. E., and Bustamante, C. D. (2013). RFMix: A discriminative modeling approach for rapid and robust Local-Ancestry inference. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 93(2):278-288.
Local-ancestry inference is an important step in the genetic analysis of fully sequenced human genomes. Current methods can only detect continental-level ancestry (i.e., European versus African versus Asian) accurately even when using millions of markers. Here, we present RFMix, a powerful discriminative modeling approach that is faster (∼30×) and more accurate than existing methods. We accomplish this by using a conditional random field parameterized by random forests trained on reference panels. RFMix is capable of learning from the admixed samples themselves to boost performance and autocorrect phasing errors. RFMix shows high sensitivity and specificity in simulated Hispanics/Latinos and African Americans and admixed Europeans, Africans, and Asians. Finally, we demonstrate that African Americans in HapMap contain modest (but nonzero) levels of Native American ancestry (∼0.4%).


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First World War Commemoration Concert
Sunday 12 Oct 2014, 3.00pm
Royal Festival Hall, London
Nicholas Collon conductor
Alisa Weilerstein cello
Elizabeth Watts soprano
Ravel, Le tombeau de Couperinbiography | programme note
Elgar, Cello Concertobiography | programme note
Vaughan Williams, Symphony No. 3, Pastoralbiography | programme note
This afternoon's programme features three masterworks composed within just a few years of each other that meditate upon the appalling carnage of the First World War in strikingly different ways, ranging from Ravel's tantalising neoclassical restraint and the impassioned nostalgia of Elgar to Vaughan Williams's haunting eloquence that Holst considered 'his very essence.'
This concert is part of the Sunday Matinee Series
This concert is supported by The Meyer Foundation
- Elgar - Cello Concerto
- Vaughan Williams - Symphony No. 3, Pastoral
- Classical Source (12 October 2014)


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National Player of the Year Watch: Week 4
Duke forward Mason Plumlee is among the leading candidates for the AP National Player of the Year award. Each week throughout the season, we will check in on Plumlee's progress as well as the performance of other top candidates for college basketball's top honor.
Mason Plumlee, Duke: Plumlee's eight point, five rebound performance against Florida State likely won't affect his bid for National Player of the Year—the forward played just 25 minutes in Duke's 79-60 drubbing of the Seminoles. The next big test for Plumlee will come tonight against N.C. State when he matches up against Richard Howell for the second time this season. After a strong first half against the Wolfpack in the teams' first meeting Jan. 12, Plumlee was dominated by Howell in the second half. Howell finished the game with 16 points and 18 rebounds as N.C. State handed Duke its first loss this season. A strong showing against one of the ACC's strongest big men this time around would undoubtedly help Plumlee's quest for college basketball's top honor.
Doug McDermott, Creighton: After a season of nearly-robotic consistency, it appears Doug McDermott might actually be human after all. McDermott netted his usual 25 points and added seven rebounds in the Bluejays' 75-58 win against Bradley but shot just 3-of-10 and scored only eight points in Creighton's 76-57 loss to Indiana State last night. It was just the second time that McDermott had been held out of double digits this season. Although it was certainly a poor showing for McDermott, most people will likely give his underwhelming performance a pass given his consistency this season.
Trey Burke, Michigan: Burke dropped 25 points in Michigan's loss to Indiana Saturday, but took 24 shots to do so and shot only 4-of-12 from beyond-the-arc. But despite finishing the game with four fouls, the point guard was all over the floor in his 38 minutes of action, grabbing five rebounds and dishing out eight assists. He added 16 points and eight assists in the Wolverines' 76-74 overtime victory against rival Ohio State. Burke will be tested this week with road matchups against Wisconsin and No. 12 Michigan State.
On the outside looking in: Syrcause guard Michael Carter-Williams was unimpressive this week, tallying just 13 points in the Orange's loss to Pittsburgh and managing only eight in a win against Notre Dame. Indiana's Cody Zeller led his team with 19 points and 10 rebounds in a win against then-No. 1 Michigan, helping the Hoosiers move atop the AP top 25 this week.


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Cooking and Baking
Need a new Dutch Oven
I know Le Creuset is probably going to be the number one choice, but I'm really looking for a more budget friendly version. I'm looking for between 5-6 quart, round, enamaled. I've heard that Lodge has recently put out one that rivals Le Creuset and at 1/6th the price ($59.99) and that the Calphalon dutch ovens have chipping issues. What Dutch oven do you have and do you recommend it???
Talk is closed, but that doesn't mean the conversations have to stop!
Check out this post for a more thorough explanation, and jump onto our Facebook page or our Twitter feed to keep the conversations going!


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Also during January's regular meeting, the Elberton City Council recognized any city employees who have obtained twenty-five years of service to the city. The list this year was quite short.
City Clerk Cindy Churney was the only employee who hit the quarter century mark this year, and was recognized with a certificate, which she had to print out before the meeting.


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Family of confessed serial killer holds WA funeralBy NICHOLAS K. GERANIOS
THE Associated Press | December 11,2012DEER PARK, Wash. The family of confessed serial killer Israel Keyes held a funeral Sunday remembering him in a small Washington town. He is not in a better place. Hes in a place of eternal torment, said Jake Gardner, the pastor for Israel Keyess family, before the funeral in Deer Park, Wash., a town about 15 miles north of Spokane.
The 34-year-old Keyes confessed to killing eight people across the country before he committed suicide recently in a jail cell in Anchorage, Alaska. The FBI and Anchorage police now say they believe he may have had three additional victims. Authorities in Oregon are also investigating whether Keyes also had murder victims there.
Keyes slit his wrist and strangled himself with bedding and was found dead last Sunday.
He was facing federal murder charges in the kidnapping and death of 18-year-old Samantha Koenig, who was abducted from an Anchorage coffee stand on Feb. 1.
On Sunday, his funeral was attended by his mother, Heidi, and four of his sisters. The family did not make a statement to the press.
Gardner said the family decided to hold the funeral in Deer Park because it was a convenient location in case any of his acquaintances wanted to attend. Keyes grew up in the nearby town of Colville in Stevens County a remote corner of Washington state.
On Sunday, there was no indication of any other attendees besides family, who mostly live in Texas.
Israel rejected the gospel and thus the outcome of his life is this tragic story, said Gardner of the Church of Wells in Wells, Texas.
Gardner said Keyes will be buried later at an undisclosed location in Washington.
Law enforcement officers in Anchorage conducted up to 40 hours of interviews with Keyes after his March arrest in Texas. During that time, Keyes confessed to killing Koenig, Bill and Lorraine Currier in Vermont and five other people, although details about those victims were sparse.
Investigators said Keyes told them he enjoyed killing people and seeing coverage of his crimes in the media.
Keyes told investigators the first violent crime he committed was a sexual assault in Oregon between 1996 and 1998 in which he let the victim go. The FBI is seeking more information on that crime.
Of the five other murders Keyes confessed to, four were in Washington state and one on the East Coast, with the body disposed of in New York.
Law enforcement officers are combing through unsolved homicide files trying to learn who Keyes killed, because he provided little information on those cases.
Authorities in the Spokane and Colville areas have said its unlikely that Keyes was responsible for any of the unsolved homicides on their books.
Shortly before his arrest in March, Keyes attended a sisters wedding in Texas, where he ranted in mid-ceremony about how he didnt believe in God, Gardner said.MORE IN Vermont NewsBURLINGTON The Vermont Health Department has put out a warning about the wild parsnip, a common... Full StoryBELLOWS FALLS A Vermont restaurant is applying to the Guinness Book of World Records after... Full StoryMONTPELIER This weekend will mark the official unveiling of the Lost Shul, an Eastern... Full Story
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