text:
Methods and systems are provided for partitioning data of a database or data store into several independent parts as part of a data mining process. The methods and systems use a mining application having content-based partitioning logic to partition the data. Once the data is partitioned, the partitioned data may be grouped and distributed to an associated processor for further processing. The mining application and content-based partitioning logic may be used in a computing system, including shared memory and distributed memory multi-processor computing systems. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
1. A system for mining data comprising:
a data store including data having a number of items;
a mining application to mine data in the data store, the mining application including logic, the logic, when executed, is to:
identify a number of frequent items of the data store;
compute a probe structure based on the number of identified frequent items; and,
partition the data according to content of the probe structure;
wherein the mining application uses the probe structure to build a frequent pattern tree (FP-tree); and
a memory for storing the probe structure and the FP-tree.
2. The system of
3. The system of
4. The system of
5. The system of
6. The system of
7. The system of
8. The system of
9. The system of
10. A system for mining data, the system comprising:
a database including a number of transactions;
at least one processor to perform mining operations on the database, the at least one processor is to execute content-based partitioning logic on the transactions, wherein the content-based partitioning logic is to partition the transactions according to content based on a number of identified frequent items to obtain a probe structure; and
a memory to store the probe structure.
11. The system of
12. The system of
13. The system of
14. The system of
15. A method for mining data of a database, comprising:
identifying frequent items of the database;
building a probe structure based on the identified frequent items, wherein each branch of the probe structure includes a number of identified frequent items based on content;
grouping the branches of the probe structure based on the content of each branch; and
building a frequent pattern tree (FP-tree) from the probe structure.
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. The method of
19. The method of
20. The method of
21. A computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions, which when executed in a system operate to manage data of a database by:
identifying frequent items of the database;
building a probe structure based on the identified frequent items, wherein each branch of the probe structure includes a number of identified frequent items assorted by content;
grouping the branches of the probe structure based on the content of each branch; and
building a frequent pattern tree (FP-tree) from the probe structure.
22. The computer-readable medium of
23. The computer-readable medium of
Given modern computing capabilities, it is relatively easy to collect and store vast amounts of data, such as facts, numbers, text, etc. The issue then becomes how to analyze the vast amount of data to determine important data from less important data. The process of filtering the data to determine important data is often referred to as data mining. Data mining refers to a process of collecting data and analyzing the collected data from various perspectives, and summarizing any relevant findings. Locating frequent itemsets in a transaction database has become an important consideration when mining data. For example, frequent itemset mining has been used to locate useful patterns in a customer's transaction database.
Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM) is the basis of Association Rule Mining (ARM), and has been widely applied in marketing data analysis, protein sequences, web logs, text, music, stock market, etc. One popular algorithm for frequent itemset mining is the frequent pattern growth (FP-growth) algorithm. The FP-growth algorithm is used for mining frequent itemsets in a transaction database. The FP-growth algorithm uses a prefix tree (termed the "FP-tree") representation of the transaction database, and is faster than the other mining algorithms, such as the Apriori mining algorithm. The FP-growth algorithm is often described as a recursive elimination scheme.
As part of a preprocessing step, the FP-growth algorithm deletes all items from the transactions that are not individually frequent according to a defined threshold. That is, the FP-growth algorithm deletes all items that do not appear in a user-specified minimum number of transactions. After preprocessing, a FP-tree is built, then the FP-growth algorithm constructs a "conditional pattern base" for each frequent item to construct a conditional FP-tree. The FP-growth algorithm then recursively mines the conditional FP-tree. The pattern growth is achieved by the concatenation of the suffix pattern with the frequent patterns generated from the conditional FP-tree.
Since the FP-growth algorithm has been recognized as a powerful tool for frequent itemset mining, there has been a large amount of research in efforts to implement the FP-growth algorithm in parallel processing computers. There have been two main approaches to implement FP-growth: the multiple tree approach and single tree approach. The multiple tree approach builds multiple FP-trees separately, which results in the introduction of many redundant nodes.
Embodiments of methods and systems provide for partitioning data of a database or data store into several independent parts as part of a data mining process. The methods and systems use content-based partitioning logic to partition the data by building a probe structure. In an embodiment, the probe structure includes a probe tree and associated probe table. Once the data is partitioned, according to content for example, the resulting parts may be grouped and distributed to an associated processor for further processing. The content-based partitioning logic may be used in a computing system, including shared memory and distributed memory multi-processor computing systems, but is not so limited.
As described above, after the data is partitioned into independent parts or branches (e.g. disjoint sub-branches), each branch or group of branches may then be assigned to a processor (or thread) for further processing. In an embodiment, after scheduling by a master thread, each transaction is distributed to a corresponding processor to finish building a specific branch of the FP-tree. According to the FP-growth algorithm the data dependency only exists within each sub-branch, and there is no dependency between the sub-branches. Thus many of the locks required in conventional single tree methodologies are unnecessary. Under an embodiment, a database is partitioned based on the content of transactions in a transaction database. The content-based partitioning saves memory, and eliminates many locks when building the FP-tree. The memory savings are based on a number of factors, including the characteristics of the database, the support threshold, and the number of processors. The techniques described herein-provide an efficient and valuable tool for data mining using multi-core and other processing architectures.
In an embodiment, a master/slave processing architecture is used to efficiently allocate processing operations to a number of processors (also referred to as "treads"). The master/slave architecture includes a master processor (master thread), and any remaining processors (threads) are designated as slave processors (slave threads) when building the FP-tree. One of the tasks of the master thread is to load a transaction from a database, prune the transaction, and distribute the pruned transaction to each of the slave threads for a parallel build of the FP-tree. Each slave thread has its own transaction queue and obtains a pruned transaction from the queue each time the master thread assigns a pruned transaction to an associated slave thread. Each slave thread disposes of its pruned transaction to build the FP-tree. This architecture allows the master thread to do some preliminary measures of the transaction before delivering it to a slave thread. According to the results of the preliminary measures, the master thread may also decide how to distribute the transaction to a particular thread. In alternative embodiments, all threads operate independently to build the FP-tree using the probe structure.
In the following description, numerous specific details are introduced to provide a thorough understanding of, and enabling description for, embodiments of the systems and methods. One skilled in the relevant art, however, will recognize that these embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other components, systems, etc. In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not shown, or are not described in detail, to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosed embodiments.
Depending on the configuration and type of computing device, system memory 108 may be volatile (such as random-access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage), non-volatile (such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, etc.), or some combination.
The system memory 108 may include an operating system 110 and one or more applications/modules 112. Computing device 100 may include additional computer storage 114, such as magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, etc. Computer storage includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk ROM (CD-ROM), digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which may be used to store information. Computing device 100 may also include one or more input devices 116 and one or more output devices 118. Computing device 100 may also contain communication connections 120 that allow the computing device 100 to communicate with other computing devices 122, processors, and/or systems, such as over a wired and/or wireless network, or other network.
At 200, the mining application 101 uses the content-based partitioning logic 102 and begins by scanning the first half of a transaction database, such as the transaction database in Table 1, to determine frequent items based on a defined support threshold. Different support thresholds may be implemented depending on a particular application. For this example, the support threshold is 12. At 202, each transaction of the first half of the transaction database is scanned and the number of times that each item occurs in the scan is counted, under an embodiment. Since the search covers half of the transaction database, a support threshold of six (6) is used to create the header table for the FP-tree based on the scan of the first half of the database. At 204, it is determined if the first half of the database has been scanned. If not, the flow returns to 200, and the next transaction is read. If the first half of the database has been scanned at 204, then the logic 102, at 206, creates a header table for the frequent items that meet the minimum support threshold based on the scan of the first half of the transaction database.
The logic 102 also assigns an ordering to the frequent items identified in the first scan. In an embodiment, the logic 102 orders the frequent items according to an occurrence frequency in the transaction database. For this example, the logic 102 orders the most frequent items as B then A then D then F then G (B≧A≧D≧F≧G). This ordering is used to create the header table and probe structure, described below. For this example, scanning the first half of the transaction database has resulted in the identification of various items which are inserted into the header table (Table 2). As shown below, after the initial scan of the first half of the transaction database, the header table includes the identified frequent items: item B occurring eight (8) times, item A occurring seven (7) times, item D occurring seven (7) times, item F occurring six (6) times, and item G occurring six (6) times.
At 208, the logic 102 identifies frequent items which are used to build a probe structure. In an embodiment, the logic 102 identifies frequent items which are used to build a probe structure, including a probe tree and associated probe table, described below. For this example, items B, A, D, and F are identified as items to be used in building a probe tree. At 210, logic 102 creates a root node of the probe tree and begins building an empty probe table. At 212, the logic 102 begins building the probe tree from the root node using the first most frequent item in the transaction database from the identified frequent items B, A, D, and F. At 214, the logic 102 adds a child with its item identification (ID) to the probe tree. While building the probe tree, the logic 102 begins filling in an empty probe table (e.g. counts are set to zero shown below). As described above, the probe tree is built by evaluating the identified frequent items. At 216, the logic 102 determines if there are any remaining frequent items to evaluate. If there are remaining items, the flow returns to 212 and continues as described above. If there are no remaining items, the flow proceeds to 218.
For this example, the probe tree 300 is a representation of the identified frequent items (e.g. B, A, D, F (M=4)) and their transactional relationship to one another in accordance with the occurrence frequency and content. For the first most frequent item, B, the logic 102 creates node 302 which corresponds to the most frequent item B. The logic 102 takes the next most frequent item, A, and creates node 304 corresponding to frequent item A. The logic 102 also creates block 306 which shows that A is a "child" of B. Since A is only a child of B, the logic 102 takes the next most frequent items D, creating node 308 corresponding to the next most frequent item. The logic 102 also creates blocks 310, 312, and 314, based on the determination that D is a child of B and A for each instance of B and A in the probe tree 300.
For the least most frequent item of this example, F, the logic 102 creates node 316 which corresponds to the frequent item, F. The logic 102 also creates blocks 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, and 330, illustrating that F is a child of B, A, and D for each instance of B, A, and D in the probe tree 300. The corresponding probe table (Table 3) is shown below for the identified frequent items B, A, D, and F. At this point, logic 102 sets the count for each item to zero, but is not so limited. Each row of the probe table (Table 3) represents a content-based transaction including one or more of the identified frequent items B, A, D, and F. The number "1" is used to represent an occurrence of a specific item in a transaction including the one or more frequent items, whereas the number "0" is used to represent one or more items that do not occur in an associated transaction.
With continuing reference to
The updated probe table is shown below (Table 5), including the count field resulting from the scan of the second half of the transaction database. Each count represents the number of transactions which contain the respective identified frequent items after scanning the second half of the transaction database. Table 5 represent the content-based transactions after the first scan of the transaction database.
At 224, each transaction or probe tree branch, including one or more identified frequent items, may be assigned to one or more processors for further conditioning. The probe tree and probe table may be described as a preprocessing of the transaction data which operates to partition the transaction data for data mining. According to an embodiment, the probe table may be used to balance the processing load by identifying a transaction that consists, of one or more items, wherein each transaction includes a unique itemset. More particularly, as described below, the logic 102 attempts to balance the workload, determined by the content of a particular transaction and the associated transaction count as identified by using the probe table and probe tree.
Based on a review of the probe table, there are three (3) transactions that include the identified frequent items B, A, D, and F. There are two (2) transactions that include the identified frequent items B, A, and D, but not F. There is one transaction that includes the identified frequent items B, A, and F, but not D. There are no transactions that include only the identified frequent items B and A. There are two (2) transactions that include the identified frequent items B, D, and F, but not A. There is one transaction that includes the identified frequent item A. The remaining transactions of the probe table may be determined in a similar manner. As described below, there are fewer locks associated with the nodes of the probe tree. Note that in the conventional single tree approach, each FP-tree node requires a lock. Since the probe tree does not require as many locks, a system using the probe tree functionality has increased scalability.
The updated probe table may be used to construct the frequent-pattern tree (FP-tree) by assigning transaction chunks to respective processors (such as 106 a-106 x), so that the individual processors each build a respective part of the FP-tree (a parallel build process). A grouping algorithm, described below, may be used to group branches of the probe tree into N groups, where N is the number of available processors or threads. A group of branches may then be assigned to a respective processor. The probe tree and probe table provide an important tool for balancing the computational load between multiple processors when mining data, including building of the FP-tree.
Under an embodiment, the mining application 101 assigns a group of transactions to a particular thread, so that each thread may process approximately the same number of transactions. The assignment of groups to the processors results in minimal conflicts between these processing threads. As described below, a heuristic algorithm may be used to group the branches of the probe table (e.g. represented by the counts of each row) into a number of approximately equal groups which correspond to the number of processors used to build the FP-tree and perform the data mining operations.
For example, assume that the computing device 100 includes four processors 106 a-106 d. According to an embodiment, one processor, such as processor 106 a, is assigned as the master processor, and remaining processors, such as 106 b-106 d are assigned as slave processors. The master processor 106 a reads each transaction and assigns each transaction to a particular slave processor to build the FP-tree. At 226, a root node is created for the FP-tree. At 228, the master processor 106 a, using the mining application 101, scans the transaction database once again, starting with the first transaction.
At 230, the master processor 106 a distributes each transaction to a specific slave processor. At 232, each slave processor reads each transaction sent by the master processor 106 a. At 234, each slave processor inserts its pruned-item set into the full FP-tree. At 236, the mining application 101 determines whether each transaction of the full database has been read and distributed. If each transaction of the full database has been read and distributed, the flow proceeds to 240 and the mining application 101 begins mining the FP-tree for frequent patterns. If each transaction of the full database has not been read and distributed, the flow returns to 228. If there are no more transactions to process, the flow continues to 240, otherwise the flow returns to 232.
The distribution and parallel build of the FP-tree is shown in
The algorithm may be formalized as follows:
The goal is to find V to minimize f T input is P={P1, P2, . . . , Pm}. The output is V={V1, V2, . . . , VT-1}.
That is, for each Pi:
Find j, Cj=min (Ck, k=1, 2, . . . , T-1)
Vj=Vj U chunk i
Cj=Cj+sizeof (chunk i)
Return V.
Consequently, after using the heuristic algorithm, the first group includes the three (3) transactions that contain the items B, A, D, and F. The second group includes the two (2) transactions with items B, A and D, but without item F, and the one (1) transaction with items B, A, and F, but without item D (total of three (3) transactions). The third group includes the two (2) transactions with item B, D and F, but without item A, and the one (1) transaction with item A, but without items B, D, and F (total of three (3) transactions). There are no counts for other branches in the probe tree (see the probe table), so the logic 102 only assigns groups of the above five (5) branches based on the results of the heuristic algorithm. Based on the description above, the master processor 106 a assigns the first group to the first slave processor 106 b, the second group to the second slave processor 106 c, and the third group to the third slave processor 106 d for a parallel build of the FP-tree.
The master processor 106 a reads the second transaction (F,B,D,E,G), pruning it to (B,D,F,G) according to the header table content. The master processor 106 a then assigns (B,D,F,G) to slave processor 106 d. Thereafter, as shown in
The master processor 106 a reads the fourth transaction (B,D,A,E,G), pruning it to (B,A,D,G) according to the header table content. The master processor 106 a then assigns the pruned transaction (B,A,D,G) to slave processor 106 c. Thereafter, slave processor 106 c inserts the pruned transaction (B,A,D,G) into the FP-tree by creating node G and setting the corresponding node links as shown
After the FP-tree is built, the FP-tree may be mined for specific patterns with respect to the identified frequent items. The FP-tree may be mined using various data mining algorithms. For example, conditional (pre-fix) based mining operations may be performed using the FP-tree. The mining of the FP-tree according to an embodiment may be summarized as follows. Each processor may be used to independently mine a frequent item of the FP-tree. For each frequent item, the mining process constructs a conditional pattern base" (e.g. a "sub-database" which consists of the set of prefix paths in the FP-tree co-occurring with the suffix pattern.
After constructing the conditional FP-tree, the conditional FP-tree is recursively mined according to the identified frequent items. As described above, content-based partitioning logic 102 is used to partition data of a database or data store into several independent parts for subsequent distribution to the one or more processors. The content-based partitioning logic 102 is used is to partition the database equally so that the load is balanced when building and mining the FP-tree (e.g. each processor gets an approximately equal amount of transactions to process), but is not so limited.
Another example illustrates the use of the mining application 101 including the content-based partitioning logic 102. Assume that a database contains eight (8) items (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H). For this example, the database includes a total of eighty (80) transactions. After examining a first part of the database, such as the first half for example, it is determined that items A, B, and C are the first three (3) most frequent items in the first part of the database. Next, the transactions may be partitioned according to the content of the first M most frequent items. As described above, M may be heuristically determined, based in part, on the number of available processors. For the present example, M is set equal to three (M=3), since there are 3 most frequent items. Thus, the transactions may be partitioned into 2M or eight (8) content-based chunks according to items A, B, and C, A content-based chunk is equal to a sub-branch in an FP-tree. Table 6 below provides an example of the distribution of transactions (e.g. 101 means the associated chunk includes transactions having items A and C, but not B).
Assuming two available slave threads, the content-based partition logic 102 groups the eight chunks into two groups, one for each slave thread. As described above, a heuristic search algorithm may be used to group the eight chunks into two groups, wherein each group contains about the same number of transactions. The two resulting groups may include the first group of chunks {111, 110, 101, 011} and the second group of chunks {100, 101, 001, 000}, wherein each group contains forty (40) transactions.
The equal numbers of transactions processed by each thread results in an efficient balance of the load when building the FP-tree. Additionally, after the partitioning using the probe tree, only eight (8) (23) locks are required for the possible shared nodes (e.g. only consisting of a, b, c in the FP-tree) in the parallel tree-building process. Compared to the 256 (28)=256 locks for a conventional build. Thus, the pre-partitioning results in a large reduction in the amount of locks (e.g. power(2, items_num)−power(2, N)). Furthermore, the content-based partitioning may not require a duplication of nodes as in the conventional multiple tree approach. Accordingly, the content-based partitioning and grouping results in a good load balance among threads, while providing high scalability.
Table 7 below provides experimental results based on a comparison of the content-based tree partition and multiple tree approach. The test platform was a 16-processor shared-memory system. The test benchmark databases "accidents" may be downloaded directly from the link "http://fimi.cs.helsinki.fi/data/", and the databases "bwebdocs" and "swebdocs" were cut from the database "webdocs."
Table 7 shows the running time for the whole application, including the first scan, the tree construction procedure and the mining stages. Table 8 below shows the running times of the mining stage for each approach on all three benchmark databases.
As shown in Tables 7 and 8 above, it is seen that the tree partition approach has a comparable performance with the old multiple tree approach in total running time, and a little better in just the mining stage. The results are reasonable: in first and second stages the tree partition approach does additional partitions for each transaction based on its content. However, the tree partition approach should be a little faster in the mining stage, since there are no duplicated tree nodes.
Aspects of the methods and systems described herein may be implemented as functionality programmed into any of a variety of circuitry, including programmable logic devices ("PLDs"), such as field programmable gate arrays ("FPGAs"), programmable array logic ("PAL") devices, electrically programmable logic and memory devices and standard cell-based devices, as well as application specific integrated circuits. Implementations may also include microcontrollers with memory (such as EEPROM), embedded microprocessors, firmware, software, etc. Furthermore, aspects may be embodied in microprocessors having software-based circuit emulation, discrete logic (sequential and combinatorial), custom devices, fuzzy (neural) logic, quantum devices, and hybrids of any of the above device types. Of course the underlying device technologies may be, provided in a variety of component types, e.g., metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor ("MOSFET") technologies like complementary metal-oxide semiconductor ("CMOS"), bipolar technologies like emitter-coupled logic ("ECL"), polymer technologies (e.g., silicon-conjugated polymer and metal-conjugated polymer-metal structures), mixed analog and digital, etc.
The term "processor" as generally used herein refers to any logic processing unit, such as one or more central processing units ("CPU"), digital signal processors ("DSP"), application-specific integrated circuits ("ASIC"), etc. While the term "component" is generally used herein, it is understood that "component" includes circuitry, components, modules, and/or any combination of circuitry, components, and/or modules as the terms are known in the art.
The various components and/or functions disclosed herein may be described using any number of combinations of hardware, firmware, and/or as data and/or instructions embodied in various machine-readable or computer-readable media, in terms of their behavioral, register transfer, logic component, and/or other characteristics. Computer-readable media in which such formatted data and/or instructions may be embodied include, but are not limited to, non-volatile storage media in various forms (e.g., optical, magnetic or semiconductor storage media) and carrier waves that may be used to transfer such formatted data and/or instructions through wireless, optical, or wired signaling media or any combination thereof. Examples of transfers of such formatted data and/or instructions by carrier waves include, but are not limited to, transfers (uploads, downloads, e-mail, etc.) over the Internet and/or other computer networks via one or more data transfer protocols.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise," "comprising," and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in a sense of "including, but not limited to." Words using the singular or plural number also include the plural or singular number respectively. Additionally, the words "herein," "hereunder," "above," "below," and words of similar import refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portions of this application. When the word "or" is used in reference to a list of two or more items, that word covers all of the following interpretations of the word: any of the items in the list; all of the items in the list; and any combination of the items in the list.
The above description of illustrated embodiments is not intended to be exhaustive or limited by the disclosure. While specific embodiments of, and examples for, the systems and methods are described herein for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. The teachings provided herein may be applied to other systems and methods, and not only for the systems and methods described above. The elements and acts of the various embodiments described above may be combined to provide further embodiments. These and other changes may be made to methods and systems in light of the above detailed description.
In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all systems and methods that operate under the claims. Accordingly, the method and systems are not limited by the disclosure, but instead the scope is to be determined entirely by the claims. While certain aspects are presented below in certain claim forms, the inventors contemplate the various aspects in any number of claim forms. Accordingly, the inventors reserve the right to add additional claims after filing the application to pursue such additional claim forms for other aspects as well.
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Juristische Ereignisse


text:
ASUS Fonepad
The ASUS Fonepad is a 7-inch tablet... or is it a 7-inch phone? It's not remarkable in the department of sheer specs, but this phone is making notable waves in the industry by providing cellular radios for making phone calls. As ridiculous as holding a 7-inch phone up to your face may be, ASUS truly believes the Fonepad will be the go-to device for those who don't want to carry around both a phone and a tablet.
It's an affordable tablet at $250, and comes with Intel's Z2420 Atom processor, 1280x800 resolution, 1GB of RAM, 8GB of internal storage, a 3 megapixel camera and more. You can look forward to its arrival in March 2013.
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News & UpdatesASUS FonePad gets priced and dated
Wondering when you might be able to get your hands on the 7-inch phoneblet called the ASUS Fonepad? Good news — ASUS finally has those details for us to digest. The price tag should please those of you who are looking for a tablet but not looking to spend much as it will only cost […]Best of Mobile World Congress 2013
Mobile World Congress has come and gone, and though it wasn't as exciting as years past, there was plenty of cool new kit to check out. From dual-screen concepts to 7-inch smartphones, manufacturers got creative this year as advancements in hardware specs have stalled. If you missed any of our coverage from the past week, […]Hands-on: ASUS Fonepad [VIDEO]
ASUS has yet another twist on the phone/tablet hybrid here at Mobile World Congress. The ASUS Fonepad is, as the name suggests, a combination of the two devices. It is not, however, another Padfone. Instead, it's a 7-inch tablet with full calling capabilities. Appearance-wise, the Fonepad shares a lot in common with the ASUS-made Nexus […]ASUS unveils the Fonepad, a tablet that can make phone calls
What do you get when you flip "PadFone?" Why, Fonepad, of course. That's exactly what ASUS announced today at Mobile World Congress. The Fonepad shakes things up a bit as a 7-inch 1280×800 tablet which can make phone calls. It's a trend that seems to be growing by the day, as competitor Samsung also announced […]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
NYC Parks Events Calendar
Get up, get out, and do something! Just about any day of the year, you can find something fun, informative, and healthy to enjoy at an area park. Feel free to browse the listings below, or use the search tools to find an event that matches your interests and location.
Viewing 10,561–10,570 out of 17,988 events
from November 7, 2012 (x) to April 25, 2026
Sunday, May 31, 2015
Bryant Park Shakespeare: The Two Gentlemen of Verona
at Upper Terrace (in Bryant Park), Manhattan
2:00 p.m.–4:00 p.m.
Bryant Park Shakespeare returns with three productions presented by The Drilling Company.
Category: Art, Theater, Free Summer Theater, Shakespeare in the Parks
Greenbelt Garden Club: Natural Pest and Weed Control
at Greenbelt Nature Center (in Blood Root Valley), Staten Island
2:00 p.m.–4:00 p.m.
Everyone loves fresh fruits and vegetables… including our six- legged friends. Learn natural and safe ways to keep insects and other hungry backyard inhabitants from feasting on…
Category: Education, Nature, Seniors
Central Park Tour: West Side Stories
at 81st Street and Central Park West (in Central Park), Manhattan
2:00 p.m.–3:15 p.m.
Discover some of the secret spots that the park's West Siders know and love: a lost village, a poetic garden, and a bridge with a spectacular view.
Category: History, Tours
Wave Hill Art Lecture: Site as Springboard, 1977-2015
at Wave Hill, Bronx
2:00 p.m.–3:00 p.m.
Wave Hill has a long history of encouraging artists to create new artwork for the grounds and galleries. Director of Arts and Senior Curator Jennifer McGregor will talk about how the…
Category: Art, Talks
Wave Hill Garden Highlights Walk
at Perkins Visitors Center (in Wave Hill), Bronx
2:00 p.m.–3:00 p.m.
Join us for an hour-long tour of seasonal garden highlights. Free with admission to the grounds.
Category: Nature, Tours
Summer on the Hudson: Sweet Spot Festival
at West Harlem Piers Park, Manhattan
3:00 p.m.–9:00 p.m.
We've partnered with Musical Directions to bring Sweet Spot Festival to West Harlem Piers Park. Sweet Spot Festival is a family-friendly gathering of community, cultures…
Category: Arts & Crafts, Concerts, Dance, Festivals, Waterfront
Music in the Park: The Barons
at MacNeil Park (in Macneil Park), Queens
4:00 p.m.–5:00 p.m.
Bring a chair or blanket and enjoy a Doo Wop performance by The Barons.
Category: Concerts, Free Summer Concerts
TreesCount! 2015 Training Session
at 512 West 143rd street NY, NY
5:00 p.m.–8:00 p.m.
Join a TreesCount! Training class to learn the techniques you need to help us map, count, and care for every street tree in New York City.
Category: Volunteer, TreesCount! 2015
Monday, June 1, 2015
Art in the Garden: Nature & Science in Dialogue
at Queens Botanical Garden, Queens
8:00 a.m.–6:00 p.m.
Emily Barnett's exhibit of recent collages and installations integrates themes of nature and science using a vocabulary of forms including quantum corrals, snake skeletons, and more.
Category: Education, Nature, Art
Ocean Breeze Summer Fitness: Morning Miles
at Midland Beach Splash Plaza (in Franklin D. Roosevelt Boardwalk and Beach), Staten Island
8:00 a.m.–9:00 a.m.
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Happy New Year! I've added six images of Ashley in the new Revenge promotional images from the second season. I am in love with Ashley's shots for this shoot. It is a very stark contrast from the dark promotional images that were released prior to the Fall premiere back in September (I will be uploading these soon!). So make sure you check out each and every one of the newest additions to the gallery!
Gallery Link:
– Ashley Madekwe Online > Revenge > Season Two: Promotional Images & Episodic Stills > Promotional Images


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Please visit Tentmaker Resources Tentmaker on YouTube
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
The male is on the right, trying in earnest to impress the little female bird on the left by reciting every stale pick-up line he can possibly think of.
"Be unique and different, say yes.""I bet you $20 you're gonna turn me down."
Quick way for a lot of guys to make $20.


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Eat Local
Farmers markets, local meat, and produce
Monthly Archive for October, 2010
Schenectady Greenmarket Local Harvest Dinner
The Schenectady Greenmarket's Local Harvest Dinner is scheduled for Tuesday, November 16th, with a reception starting at 5:30pm, dinner at 6:30pm. Enjoy delicious local foods from market vendors, prepared by faculty and students in the Hotel, Culinary Arts and Tourism Department of Schenectady County Community College. There will also be festive music by Running the […] [Read More]
All Good Bakers Offers Albany's First Bread CSA
This from All Good Bakers: "All Good Bakers has been bringing the capital region artisan bread and baked goods via l ocal farmer's markets for the past five years, and now we would like to bring our carefully crafted, fresh bread and baked goods every week to a location near you, during the winter months. […] [Read More]


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Dr. Curtis Richardson email@example.com
Northwest Missouri State University 660-562-1614
"My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"
Nothing beside remains. Round the decay
Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,
The lone and level sands stretch far away."—excerpt from "Ozymandias," Percy Shelley.
"History is the autobiography of a madman."—Alexander Herzen.
This class will survey the key cultural, social, and political events and trends in Russian history from its origins to the fall of the empire in 1917, with an emphasis on the Imperial period. We will consider the Russian experience from numerous perspectives, from high politics to everyday life. To wit, we will consider the following: the rise of Muscovy; the lives of the peasantry; westernization; the creation and experience of a multiethnic empire; the roles of and changing constructions of gender, national identity, and class and their intersections; the Great Reforms; industrialization and its impacts; the rise of the revolutionary intelligentsia; and the collapse of Tsarism. Such an approach should facilitate an investigation into the construction of the multiethnic empire, from the experience of empire to how various people conceived of the vision of empire.
In addition to offering a deeper perspective on the imperial period, this course expands upon traditional presentations through broadening the perspective to consider non-Russian lands and peoples when possible. We will thus consider how the empire was constructed over more than two centuries, not solely how particular regions were incorporated into the empire, but also what visions of empire were conceived, articulated, and received by non-Russian peoples. Thus, what were Russia and the Russian Empire and what were the ambiguities of Russia and Russians as a nation, a people, and an empire? What did the creation of an empire and these various visions impact notions of identity, civil society, and governance? In what ways did Russians conceive of themselves vis-à-vis the West?
Some of the goals of the course include the development of students' historical sense, the expansion of their perspectives of the world, and the honing of their critical thinking and ability to articulate themselves. Students will also display competence in conducting basic historical research, proficiency in the use of different genres of historical literature, and awareness of the role of interpretation in history and its impact on how we view the past.


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- Published: Universal City, CA : Universal Studios Home Entertainment, [2013]
- Year Published: 2013
- Edition: 2012.
- Description: 1 videodisc (2 hr., 38 min.) : sound, color ; 4 3/4 in.
- Language: English
- Format: DVD
- Rated:
ISBN/Standard Number
- 025192150548
- 025192190162
Additional Credits
- Hugo, Victor, 1802-1885.
- Hooper, Tom, 1972-
- Bevan, Tim,
- Fellner, Eric,
- Hayward, Debra,
- Mackintosh, Cameron,
- Nicholson, William,
- Boublil, Alain,
- Schönberg, Claude-Michel,
- Kretzmer, Herbert,
- Morrison, Angela,
- Chasin, Liza,
- Allott, Nicholas,
- Pappas, F. Richard,
- Jackman, Hugh,
- Crowe, Russell, 1964-
- Hathaway, Anne, 1982-
- Seyfried, Amanda,
- Redmayne, Eddie, 1982-
- Tveit, Aaron,
- Barks, Samantha,
- Allen, Isabelle,
- Huttlestone, Daniel,
- Wilkinson, Colm,
- Bonham Carter, Helena, 1966-
- Baron Cohen, Sacha, 1971-
- Cohen, Danny,
- Stewart, Eve, 1961-
- Delgado, Paco,
- Oliver, Melanie,
- Dickens, C. W. S.
- Steel, Liam,
- Camack International.
- Universal Pictures (Firm)
- Relativity Media.
- Working Title Films.
- Universal Studios Home Entertainment (Firm)
- Hugo, Victor, -- 1802-1885 -- Film adaptations.
- Ex-convicts -- Fiction.
- Orphans -- Fiction.
- Paris (France) -- Fiction. -- 19th century
- Melodramas (Motion pictures)
- Romance films.
- Film adaptations.
- Historical films.
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Les misérables 2012
There are currently 5 available
Where To Find It
Call number: DVD Musical Misérables
Available Copies: Downtown 1st Floor, Traverwood Adult, West Adult
Additional Details
Title from end credits.
Originally released as a motion picture in 2012.
Based on the original stage musical Boublil and Schönberg's Les Misérables, from the novel by Victor Hugo, produced for the stage by Cameron Mackintosh.
Bonus: The stars of Les Misérables; Creating the perfect Paris; The original masterwork: Victor Hugo's Les Misérables; Feature commentary with director Tom Hooper.
Hugh Jackman, Russell Crowe, Anne Hathaway, Amanda Seyfried, Eddie Redmayne, Aaron Tveit, Samantha Barks, Isabelle Allen, Daniel Huttlestone, Colm Wilkinson, Helena Bonham Carter, Sacha Baron Cohen.
In early 19th century France the paroled prisoner Jean Valjean seeks redemption, regains his social standing, and rises to the rank of mayor. He encounters a beautiful but desperately ill woman named Fantine and cares for her daughter, Cosette, after her death. All the while he is obsessively pursued by the policeman Javert, who vows to make him pay for the crimes of his past.
DVD ; NTSC, region 1 ; widescreen 1.85:1 presentation; Dolby Digital 5.1 surround, Dolby Digital DVS 2.0 stereo.
Contents: Les Miserables. -- Miserables. -- Misérables.
Community Reviews
Les Miserables
les miz
Excellent Movie
Great dramatic rendition
Great Movie and Actors
All the actors were great at singing-Hugh Jackman, Anne Hathway, Amanda Seyfried......
However, I think that Russell Crowe did a great job of sining. I dont understand why people thinks he's so bad. His voice is not as great as Anne Hathway's or Hugh Jackman's, but its really not so bad.
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Women Stole the Show
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Video:Make Frosting-Filled Cupcakeswith Elizabeth LaBau
Frosting-filled cupcakes are just like your favorite store-bought snack cakes, only better! Learn how easy it is to make chocolate cupcakes filled with vanilla frosting.See Transcript
Transcript:Make Frosting-Filled Cupcakes
Frosting-Filled Cupcakes IngredientsTo make these cupcakes, you will need:
- 1 dozen chocolate cupcakes, either homemade or from a mix
- 1 tub of vanilla frosting
- 1 tub of chocolate frosting, not the "whipped" variety
- A piping bag fitted with a coupler and a small round tip, if you have them. If not, you can use a plastic bag with a hole cut into the corner.
Fill the Piping Bag with Vanilla FrostingIf you're using a piping bag, the first step is to fit it with a coupler and fill it with the vanilla frosting.
Hollow the CupcakesThe next step is to hollow out the center of the chocolate cupcakes. There are two ways to do this. One option is to take a small serrated knife and cut a hole in the top of the cupcake at an angle, removing a cone-shaped piece, and cut the excess from the top of the cone.
You now have a nice hollow chocolate cupcake.
Fill the Cupcake with Vanilla FrostingUsing a piping bag or a spoon, fill the inside of the cupcake with vanilla frosting. Put the lid back on top and firmly press down. If you use this method, I recommend freezing them for about 10 minutes so they firm up and the tops won't fall off when you dip them in glaze.
The alternate method is faster, but a bit sloppier. Use a tool to poke a hole in the center of the cupcake--I use a knife sharpener, but you could even use a clean pencil. Poke all around, creating a hole for the frosting to fill. Insert the tip of a piping bag, and squeeze to fill the hole. Gradually pull it up and wipe any extra from the top. Don't worry, the glaze will cover the white frosting.
Glaze the Cupcake TopsNow it's time to glaze the tops. Transfer the chocolate frosting to a measuring cup, mug, or any tall, narrow container.
Microwave it in 5-second intervals until it is melted and very smooth, stirring after every 5 seconds so it won't overheat. It will probably take 15-25 seconds to get it to the right consistency. When it's ready, it will be very smooth and fluid, and have the consistency of liquid glue.
Take a cupcake and dip the top in the melted frosting, turning it to ensure it's evenly coated. Lift it from the frosting and hold it upside down, swirling it slightly to let the excess drip back into the cup. Once it's stopped dripping, you can turn it right side up and set it aside, and repeat with the remaining cupcakes.
Add White CurlicuesAfter all the cupcakes are glazed, the final step is to add the signature white curlicues. If you're using a pastry bag, fit it with a small round tip. Pipe a series of small loops that touch each other across the top of your cupcake.
If you don't have a pastry bag, this can easily be done with a plastic bag with a small hole cut in the corner. Just be sure you don't squeeze too hard and burst the seams of the bag.
These cupcakes look awesome, they taste great, and the frosting center is a fun, unexpected surprise. You could even change things up by using cream cheese frosting, marshmallow cream, or any other frosting flavor on the inside. Any way you make them, they're amazing.
About videos are made available on an "as is" basis, subject to the User Agreement.


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Here's an easy way to earn a free $10 Amazon gift card! Head over HERE and sign up for a free account with StumbleUpon.
Once you're registered, head over HERE and refer 5 friends. You'll receive a code within 30 days worth a $10 credit on Amazon.com plus you'll be entered for a chance to win a free iPad 2! According to the fine print, there is no limit to how many free Amazon gift cards you can get, so get all your friends and family in on this!


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This is an introductory tutorial in using cameras in Apple's Motion 4. It covers camera setup, options and features. Camera placement as well as manipulation is also discussed. There is coverage on the new DOF (depth of field) features as well as overall 3D user settings.
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When most of us throw an Oscar party, the Academy doesn't get involved. But last year, when Bobby Flay and his wife, actress Stephanie March, decided to host an Oscar bash during Food Network's South Beach Wine & Food Festival, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences got wind of it and declared it an officially sanctioned party, to benefit the Miami Beach Film Society and Cinematheque. The chef is quick to credit his wife: "It was all her idea. When we're traveling, we never know if we should watch the Oscars in the hotel room or go home to New York." Instead, the couple threw a party for 350 at Miami's Paris Theater, complete with champagne, a red carpet and signature dishes from Bobby's restaurants. You can steal some of their ideas for your own gathering at home; in fact, the two are planning to stay home themselves this year. "We're probably going to have a party at our house, which means I have to cook," Bobby says. "But I think it's going to be much more intimate."
Bobby's Oscar Bash
Bobby Flay and his wife, Stephanie March, invited us to their 2009 awards-night party—and let us in on their plans for this year.
- Categories:
- Award Show, Cocktail Party, Dinner Party


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By Afendi Muteki
The urban centers in the Harerghe have shown many changes in the 20th century; some of them grew continuously, others stayed in dwarfism. Few of them continue to play their historical role while a handful were totally forgotten. This essay tries to assess the ups and downs of the towns of Harerghe in the 20th century.
In early 20th century, Dire Dawa was made the main terminal of the Franco-Ethiopian Railway Line. This has caused commerce to bloom in the area and consequently, many people settled there permanently. European, Arabian and Indian traders also came to the area and introduced new transactions and building styles. Within a decade, it replaced the centuries old Harar as the main commercial center of east Ethiopia (But Harar remained the administrative center).
In the same period, the land of Harerghe was divided to vast woredas (district). The woreda's chief activity was gathering the tributes and taxes from the native Oromos who became tenants on their land. Due to their strategic positions, some towns situated on the mountain tops like Qun'e (Qunnii) and Gurawa became seats of the newly created woredas. These towns were mostly inhabited by the imperial army and their families. The Oromos living around those woreda towns suffered greatly from the repeated looting undertaken by the army. For example, the people of Gara Mul'ata have a famous saying which reminds us of the situation of the time.
Gurawaa gad-yaatii
Loon nu aati
They come out of Gurawa (town)
And they steal our cattle
Ras Tafari Makonen's ascendance to the Solomonic throne as Emperor Haile-Silasie I of Ethiopia brought another change on the urbanization process. Harerghe was devided to "awraja"s (sub-provinces) and woredas. In the eastern half of Harerghe, towns like Dadar, Gurawa and Funyan Biiraa became awraja centers along with Harar and Dire Dawa. In the western part, Afdam became the capital of Adal and Issa Awraja but Qun'ee (Qunnii) was replaced by the newly founded "Ciroo" town as the capital of "Carcar" awraja. (Ciroo was renamed "Asebe Teferi" in the honor of the emperor, but the Oromos continue to call it by its original name).
The five year Italian occupation of the country brought a new dynamism in the urbanization process in the Harerghe. The occupiers constructed the all weather road that runs from Addis Ababa to Harar and then passes to Jijjiga. This had intensified trade and communication in the area and more urban centers appeared on the Fugug Mountains. The Italian era also favored historical towns to resurrect. For example, Galamso was made the capital of "Carcar" awraja in that period and consequently, it expanded in all directions.
Another thing to note here was the Italian attempt to establish a new urbanized community of immigrants which were thought to be brought from southern Italy. The site selected to host those immigrants was a place called "Waccuu" in Carcar province (20kms East of Galamso). An intensive housing program was launched in the area and dozens of European style buildings were constructed. However, the program was interrupted when the Italians left the country in 1941 yet "Waacuu" became a typical town that represents the five years time (the elderly people still call it "Kinteerii"- derived from the Italian "cantiere" which was to mean "construction site").
The emperor's return to the throne turned the development of many urban centers of Harerghe in the other way; Afdem lost it status of awraja capital, Galamso was replaced by "Assebe Teferi" (Ciroo), and Harar's high expansion stopped. But Dire Dawa continued to play its role as the leading commercial center of the east; "Magaala" became the commercial half of the city and "Kazira" became the residential half.
In the 1950s, Christian missionary groups launched programs of evangelization in the Harerghe. Their effort had little effect on the religious composition of the Oromos of Harerghe yet they helped found new health facilities and education centers. For example, an American Adventist missionary group established Dadar Hospital which was the first one to be opened outside Harar and Dire Dawa.
The 1950s was also marked by a wide spread of European and Arabian merchants in the Harerghe. Due to the efforts made by these entrepreneurs, electric lighting system and tap water was introduced in many urban centers. However, apart from Harar and Dire Dawa, the imperial government gave low attention on improving the infrastructure and housing conditions in the towns of Harerghe. For example, it was only in the late 1960s and early 1970s that the banking and telephone services were introduced to the towns of Ciroo, Haramaya, Galamso and Dadar.
The coming of the Dergue to power highly favored the towns that had awraja status and some woreda towns; many had got 24 hours electric power, health center, high school etc.. However, trade had diminished due to the regime's anti-market policies. As a result, contraband engulfed many towns of Harerghe. The Ethio-Somali war of 1977-78 also caused serious damage to the towns of Harerghe. This damage was very great to the towns situated in the former Jijjiga and Gursum awrajas. For example, a town of Qoree (in Gursum) was almost completely destroyed by the war.
Afandi Mutaki, a native of Galamso, is an ethnographer based in the historic city of Harar . His works can be accessed at http://www.afendimutekiharar.com/


text: Here is a video of the commitment announcement from the newest Gamecocks Rory Anderson and Marcquis Roberts. The Big Spur was on hand for the ceremony and shot some video of the announcement. These guys seem like good friends and were respectful of the recruiting process. I like these two players and glad to have them as Gamecocks now.


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SCAGTech web site
content violation
You can write your comment.
This website has a content focused on unknown topics. We detected general outline is
This website can definately use power of social media to reach more people.
This domain belongs to NETWORK SOLUTIONS, LLC.. It first created on 25.3.2002 and registered for the last time on 12.2.2007. If you are interested in buying scagtech.com domain, you can wait until it expire which is on 25.3.2014.
To define success and accessiblity of this site, we checked it on Alexa and world rank result is 0. Most of visitors are from . An average user spends 10 seconds on scagtech.com and views aproximately 2 pages. Google values this website with number 0 / 9.
scagtech.com's homepage html output is 3 KB. We had a close look to its HTML structure and found out homepage has 134 code lines and it contains no error. A clean HTML, which means error-free structure and higher content/code ratio is search engine friendly as it is also user friendly.
Linking is an important step on website building. A good internal link web can bring you more search engine indexes and it will also increase your page visits as well as users will want to spend more time. This page has 0 internal links and 0 external links. Keep in mind that external links are ok, but too many of them will always be problem.
scaheatnair.com is ranked #0in the world, with 0 PR. is the most searched query for this domain.
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text:
Carolyn Stewart and the Xavier swim team will travel to Indianapolis for the Butler Invitational on Sunday.
Jan. 25, 2013
CINCINNATI - The Xavier swimming team will participate in the Butler Invitational this Sunday at noon. XU will be joined by host-school Butler, Ball State, Illinois State, IUPUI and Green Bay. Butler will be hosting the event at Fishers High School in Fishers, Ind., a suburb of Indianapolis.
Sophomore Carolyn Stewart has been a steady presence for XU this season. Stewart earned a trip to the AT&T Winter Nationals in December, where she swam in the 100- and 200-yard backstroke events.
Anne Frigo leads XU's sprinters and swims on both the 400 free relay and 400 medley relay teams. Freshman Mackenna Rife is one of the top distance swimmers in the Atlantic 10, with top 10 times in the conference in the 500 free, 1000 free and 1650 free. Senior Courtney Shields holds the top time in the Atlantic 10 in the 50 butterfly this season.
The men's team is paced by two-time Atlantic 10 Men's Performer of the Week senior Sam Conchuratt, who joined Stewart at the AT&T Winter Nationals. Fellow men's swimmers Chad Thompson, a junior, and Knox Hitt, a freshman, also swam in the prestigious Winter Nationals.
The Musketeers are gearing up for the Atlantic 10 Championships set to be held Feb. 20-23 at the Spire Institute in Geneva, Ohio.


text:
Sven Fennema - Stille
About: I found this scenery in an abandoned sanatorium in east germany.
Photographer: http://www.sven-fennema.de
Bio photographer:
Client: Personal
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The websites featured below offer FREE materials, programs, and resources for churches of all sizes, Bible study groups, Sunday school classes, fellowship groups, prayer and support groups, and others. Since these resources are offered free of charge, the websites are supported by advertising links, but that does not mean that all advertisements are endorsed by these websites.
All of the websites featured below contain materials and resources that are consistent with historic, Biblical Christianity, such as, The Apostles Creed, and also affirm that the Bible is the infallible word of God — true in all that it affirms. Indeed, as The Lausanne Covenant states:"We affirm the divine inspiration, truthfulness and authority of both Old and New Testament Scriptures in their entirety as the only written word of God, without error in all that it affirms, and the only infallible rule of faith and practice."
For Bible Study Groups and Sunday School Classes:
These Bible Studies follow the Uniform Lessons Series. Published early each Saturday morning in The Oklahoman newspaper, they are also published at the International Bible Lessons website with Discussion Questions for class use or private study. Three easy to print formats are provided for each lesson: an easy to read format for teachers to use as a discussion starter or closer with five questions, and bulletin size (with or without questions) for placement in church bulletins or Bibles for taking home for further study. Some use the Bible Lesson bulletin inserts for people to take home and for mid-week Bible study groups.
Verse by verse Bible Commentary on each of the International Bible Lessons for teacher preparation and students who want to study each verse of the Bible Lesson more deeply. Published early each week, the Bible Lesson Forum commentaries include the discussion questions that will be available later on the International Bible Lessons website. The early publication of the verse by verse commentary and questions helps teachers who want to prepare earlier in the week. The site also offers an easy to print Bible Commentary for teachers (or students) to use in class. The easy to print version is available in one size only.
Thru the Bible in Thirty Weeks
The website offers a Bible Reading Calendar and a variety of helpful resources for encouraging those in your church or group to read through the entire Bible in 30 weeks (180 days with Sunday's off or to "catch up" on your reading). For those not ready to read the entire Bible yet, a 13 week calendar and program is available for reading Thru the New Testament. Among other resources, the Thru the Bible in Thirty Weeks website includes Daily Bible Reading Summaries of each day's reading and an index of Bible Lessons for students and for teachers who might want to follow the suggested Preview Classes approach or design to encourage students to read thru the Bible as a church or Bible study group.
For Worship and Devotions:
A Psalm and a Prayer for Private and Public Devotions
Originally created for public worship and printed in church bulletins each week, all 150 Psalms from the Old Testament are broken into helpful, bulletin length Responsive Readings followed by a short prayer (also for a church bulletin). The prayers in A Psalm and A Prayer can be concluded with the Lord's Prayer as some churches do. Some have also found these shortened psalms to be useful to read (non-responsively), along with the prayer, prior to a Bible study or Sunday school class meeting. They can also be used for private devotions each day. Because some of the psalms are quite lengthy, they are broken up into shorter Responsive Readings. Shorter psalms are sometimes combined into one reading. The website gives permission for the use of these readings in church bulletins without requiring "credit," which would normally detract from a worship bulletin.
An effort over time to revise for private and public devotional use all of the Responsive Reading Psalms from A Psalm and A Prayer so they are not responsive in format, but actually a brief reading from a Psalm and a prayer formatted to encourage you to keep on praying with praise and thanksgiving to God.
For Christian Recovery:
The Celebrate Serenity for believers website offers free resources for churches and groups that want to begin a Christian recovery group for believers. Unlike the Celebrate Recovery program, the Celebrate Serenity program is based in The Twelve Steps, so it works as a helpful, Biblical supplement program for those practicing any 12 Steps recovery program. A Step-by-Step Meeting Guide (that can easily be printed for handouts) is available for free for each of 12 meetings. No registration and no fees are required, for the program is not administered by anyone: simply offered for use. The free materials and resources are available for any who choose to use them in any way they believe will be helpful. Twelve FREE chapters from Prayer Steps to Serenity The Twelve Steps Journey: New Serenity Prayer Edition for each of your twelve meetings can be read by those in your group prior to each meeting or during each meeting. The twelve chapters of the free e-book Prayer Steps to Serenity The Twelve. Steps Journey: The 12 Steps in 12 Days are in pdf format, so the type can be enlarged in your browser and the arrow keys can be used to page through the book. The Daily Quiet Time Track was designed for churches and groups that do not want to specifically study the official Twelve Steps, but that do want to learn from the 12 Steps offer from a Biblical perspective. The Daily Quiet Time Track was designed as a bridge to the 12 Steps for those in a church that do not think they need them or need a recovery program, but actually do.
The Serenity Groups for evangelistic outreach website offers free resources for churches and groups that want a program that will hopefully attract those in need who are not confessing Christians. Though based on the Bible and the book Prayer Steps to Serenity the Twelve Steps Journey: New Serenity Prayer Edition, the program was designed by name and content to attract those who need an effective 12 Steps program or want to supplement their current program. Serenity Groups offer a 12 Week Study Guide on the Serenity Prayer and a complete 12 Steps Meeting Guide for 12 Meetings. Why Serenity Groups? Because Serenity Group (singular) is an insurance program unrelated to a recovery program!
For Personal Principles:
Some of the most important lessons that I have learned regarding the Bible, the Christian life, fellowship, and church, have been learned from personal conversations, observations, and the books of Francis and Edith Schaeffer. You can listen to audio speeches by Francis and Edith Schaeffer and also learn about two new Kindle books about their lives and their prayers. These speeches and books might be used for personal reflection and perhaps discussion by church and group leaders. The Cyber Chalet fellowship group is available online for those who would like to discuss the ideas of Francis and Edith Schaeffer and apply their principles. The Cyber Chalet offers prayer support and involves leaders of various denominations from the USA and other countries.
As they are made available, more free materials, programs, and resources for small churches and groups will be presented here at the Small Church Resources website.
L.G. Parkhurst, Jr. Copyright 2010 by L.G. Parkhurst, Jr. All Rights Reserved. Permission here given to freely print or distribute for not-for-profit use only.


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- Attorney General Brad D. Schimel
- Fighting Crime
- Victim Assistance
- Consumer Protection
- Media Center
- About Department of Justice
- Topical Index
This Google™ translation feature is provided for informational purposes only.
The Office of the Attorney General is unable to guarantee the accuracy of this translation and is therefore not liable for any inaccurate information resulting from the translation application tool.
Please consult with a translator for accuracy if you are relying on the translation or are using this site for official business.Contact the Department of Justice
Fire Investigation at Fat Boys Pizza in City of Lodi, Columbia County Results in Arrest of Owner, Thomas Matje
MADISON -- On December 27, 2011, at 12:42 p.m., the Lodi Fire Department responded to a call of a working fire at 133 South Main Street in the City of Lodi. Upon arrival, Fire Department Officials discovered flames in the kitchen area of the Fat Boys Pizza bakery.
The building, which included two occupied apartments, was evacuated and the fire was extinguished quickly. One person was treated by EMS for smoke inhalation. Damage is estimated at approximately $200,000.
The Lodi Police Department, the DOJ-Division of Criminal Investigation, and the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives began an investigation of the fire. The investigation produced evidence showing that the fire had been set intentionally. The owner of Fat Boys Pizza, 46-year-old Thomas L. Matje of Deforest, was taken into custody on charges of Arson, Attempted Arson and four counts of Recklessly Endangering Safety. Mr. Matje was arrested this afternoon and taken to the Columbia County Jail.
Other agencies providing assistance at the scene included Lodi Area EMS, the Columbia County Sheriff's Office, Lodi Department of Public Works, Lodi Utilities, and the Wisconsin State Patrol.
Any questions concerning the investigation should be directed to Chief William Laughlin of the Lodi Police Department at (608) 592-5401.
A defendant enjoys a presumption of innocence. The State must prove its allegations at trial.


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Campsite Challenge
|Planet Bluegrass campsite
To extend the spirit of sustainable festivation into the campgrounds, Planet Bluegrass is again running How Green is your Grass? - the 6th annual creative campsite challenge. Coordinated by the Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics, this contest encourages all of us to raise the bar for sustainable camping by honoring campsites that excel in achieving the highest levels of the Leave No Trace philosophy.
2014 Contest Winner
Congratulations to 2014 Campsite Challenge winners Camp Riah Bear from Denver, CO in the onsite campground. As winners of the 2014 Campground Challenge, the enthusastic member of Camp Riah Bear will be receiving a pair of 3-day passes and camping for the 25th Anniversary Rocky Mtn Folks Festival (August 14-16, 2015).
How Do I Participate?
The contest is open to all campers in any of the Planet Bluegrass-managed campgrounds. To nominate your own campsite or one of your neighbors:
- Lisit the Leave No Trace booth to fill out the 1-page entry form – explaining how your campsite exhibits cleanliness, sustainability, and creativity. Get a jump ahead of your campsite neighbors and download a copy of the application form here.
- Stop by the Leave No Trace booth each day to view all the campsite entries and vote for your favorites.
- Planet Bluegrass will select the grand prize winner after the campground pack-out is complete on Monday. The winner will be announced in the next "Notes from the Planet" email and on this web page.
How Do I Win?
We will be judging on three simple criteria:
- Cleanliness. Are you repackaging the food you bring? Are you keeping a tidy campsite? Are items secure and not susceptible to wind gusts? Are you safely disposing of cigarette butts?
- Sustainability. Are you separating your recyclables, compostables, and then placing them in the correct bins at the campsite waste stations? Are you reusing products (cups, utensils, water bottles, bags) instead of trashing them? Are you using any alternative energy sources to power your campsite? Did you bike or carpool to the festival; are you offsetting carbon emissions using wind credits or carbon offsets? Will you pack out as much as possible when leaving? Did you do anything to reduce your homes' energy while attending the festival?
- Creativity. Does your campsite have a theme? Are you utilizing any unique and innovative camping techniques?
What Do I Win?
|Enjoying the 2007 Folks Fest
Two campsite finalists will be chosen each day – one random and one chosen by staff. Each winning campsite will receive a prize package including:
- New Belgium Beer
- Planet Bluegrass music
- Leave No Trace memberships
Planet Bluegrass will select the Grand Prize winner of 2014 3-day passes and camping after the campground pack-out on Monday.
For More Information
Share your thoughts about the contest, or even a little pre-contest "bet you can't top our solar-powered strobe tuner" smack, over at the Festivarian Forum.
Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics is an educational, nonprofit organization dedicated to the responsible enjoyment and active stewardship of the outdoors by all people, worldwide. Visit at www.LNT.org or call 1-800-332-4100


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Antelope, CA 95843ph: email@example.com
Local Area baseball players, Ages 9-15, who would like to extend their baseball season. With CLUB WORKOUTS, Double Headers and Tournaments. Open Roster!
(You can add more text or pictures in other parts of this page.)
Now that you've piqued the interest of potential customers, make sure they know how to reach you! Use this space to highlight your contact d
Copyright 2013 CENTER COUGARS BASEBALL CLUB. All rights reserved.


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- Willamette
- Athletics
- News Archive
- 2010
- February
- Bearcat Hoop Game Night: WU Set to Host Bruins
Men's Basketball | Thursday, February 11, 2010
Bearcat Hoop Game Night: WU Set to Host Bruins
SALEM, ORE. -- Willamette University will host George Fox University in a Northwest Conference men's basketball game on Friday, Feb. 12 at Cone Field House. Game time is set for 6 p.m. (PST) with the women's game to follow at 8 p.m.
The Bearcats, who are 4-2 in their last six games, are 7-15 overall, 4-9 in the NWC. Willamette enters Friday's match-up with a three-game winning steak.
George Fox is 10-11 overall, 7-5 in the NWC. The Bruins are in third place in the conference, but hold only a half-game lead on Lewis & Clark College (7-6) and a one-game lead over Pacific Lutheran University (6-6).
Previous Game
Willamette at Lewis & Clark
Cameron Mitchell (Sr., Post, Portland, OR/Grant HS/Univ. of Redlands) earned 23 points and nine rebounds, while Ryan Meehan (So., Wing, Beaverton, OR/Beaverton HS/MSU-Billings) tallied 15 points, five boards and six assists, to lead Willamette past Lewis & Clark College, 80-73, on Tuesday, Feb. 9. The Pioneers fell to 8-13 overall, 7-6 in the NWC.
Taylor Mounts (So., Post, Kailua, HI/Iolani School) added 16 points and six rebounds for the Bearcats. Terrell Malley (Fr., G, Portland, OR/Roosevelt HS) provided eight points, while Robbie Kunke (Jr., Wing, Clackamas, OR/Clackamas HS) achieved six points and six assists.
Senior guard Josh Kollasch paced Lewis & Clark with a game-high 28 points to go with 10 rebounds. Kyle Meeuwsen finished with 18 points and three blocked shots for the Pioneers. James Hollins registered 10 points.
Willamette trailed 55-50 with 11:37 remaining, but closed the game with a 30-18 run. Six consecutive points started the game-ending surge as WU took a 56-55 lead. Kunke scored on a layup at 11:24, Mitchell added a layup at 10:34 and Malley put in a driving layup at 10:11.
Lewis & Clark moved in front, 57-56, before the Bearcats went on an 8-0 run. WU held the lead the rest of the game, but had to fend off the Pioneers, who cut the margin to 66-64 on two free throws by Hollins at the 5:45 mark.
Another quick run, this time on a layup by Meehan, a fast-break basket from Mounts and another layup from Meehan, put the Bearcats on top 72-64 with 4:05 left.
Willamette shot 51.6% for the night (33 of 64), including 6 of 18 on three-pointers. L&C shot 44.8% (26 of 58). The Pioneers, who made 20 of 43 three-pointers in a 93-88 victory over the Bearcats on Jan. 12, hit just 7 of 29 (24.1%) in the rematch.
Tonight's Opponent
George Fox University
Nickname: Bruins
Location: Newberg, Ore.
Affiliations: NCAA Division III, Northwest Conference
2008-09 Record: 8-17, 4-12 (7th place tie)
2009-10 Record: 10-11, 7-5 NWC (3rd place)
Last Meeting: George Fox won 87-74 on Jan. 15, 2010 in Newberg
George Fox is contending for its first ever Northwest Conference Tournament berth. The Bruins are 7-5 in the NWC and currently hold third place.
GFU is one game behind second place Linfield (8-4), one-half game in front of Lewis & Clark (7-6, 4th place) and one game in front of Pacific Lutheran (6-6, 5th place). The top four teams at the end of the regular season will qualify for the NWC Tournament.
The Bruins have significantly improved from last year's team that went 8-17 (4-12 NWC). George Fox owns a 45.8% team shooting percentage and the Bruins are hitting 74.8% of their free throws (1st in the NWC). Five players are shooting 78% or better at the charity stripe, led by Stephen Wiseley (Jr., PG) at 90.2% (74 of 82).
Alex Stockner (Sr., Post) leads the Bruins in scoring with 14.9 points per game. He is the team's top field goal shooter at 54.1% (106 of 196) and also leads the team at 48.6% on 3-pointers (18 of 37). Wiseley ranks first on the team with 36 successful 3-pointers, followed by Evan Atwater (Sr., Wing) with 35.
Stockner tops the squad in free throws made (83) and attempted (100), and is second in rebounds with 5.7 per game. Rich Smith (Jr., Post) has the most rebounds on the GFU roster with 142 (7.5 avg.). Wiseley is the team leader in assists with 102.
The Bruins are averaging 76.8 points per game, while allowing opponents 79.1 points per game. George Fox has increased it scoring since the start of the NWC schedule and ranks second in conference scoring with 83.0 points per game, barely in front of Willamette at 82.9.
In the first meeting between Willamette and GFU this season, the Bruins ended the first half with a 9-2 run for a 42-33 halftime edge. Later, George Fox went on a 15-2 run in the second half to extend a 56-46 lead at the 14:00 mark to into a 71-48 advantage with 10:32 left.
Smith was GFU's top scorer with 21 points. Jack Martin (Sr., PG/Wing) added 11 points and six rebounds. Wiseley led the Bruins with nine assists, while Stockner paced the team with eight rebounds.
Mitchell led Willamette with 26 points, while hitting 10 of 13 field goals. Malley tacked on 21 points and earned five boards. Mounts contributed 13 points. Mitchell and Mounts each grabbed 10 rebounds.
Bearcat Fast Breaks
* Cameron Mitchell leads the Northwest Conference with 21.4 points and 12.1 rebounds per game. He ranks second in the NWC in field goal percentage at 59.5% and is third in blocked shots with 1.27 per game.
* Mitchell has scored 1,143 points and grabbed 745 rebounds during his Willamette career. Including his freshman season at the University of Redlands, Mitchell has achieved 1,285 points and 913 rebounds during his career. Mitchell has recorded 17 double-doubles this season and has scored 10 or more points in all 22 games.
* Terrell Malley scored 21 points in Willamette's first meeting with George Fox and trailed only Mitchell's 26 points on the night. During one stretch of the second half, Malley scored 12 of Willamette's points in a row. Malley's career-high is 24 points against Claremont-Mudd-Scripps on Nov. 21, 2009 in his second college game.
* The Bearcats continue to have five players averaging in double figures. Mitchell's 21.4 points per game lead the way. He is followed by Taylor Mounts (14.0 avg.), Ryan Meehan (11.5 avg.), Terrell Malley (10.5 avg.) and Marcus Holmes (Jr., G, Seattle, WA/Garfield HS) with a 10.2 average.
* Willamette has averaged 82.3 points per game, while allowing 88.3 points per contest. WU has achieved 80 or more points in six of its seven wins. The Bearcats are 1-6 when scoring fewer than 80 points.
* Since the start of Northwest Conference play, Meehan has connected on 58.6% of his field goal attempts (68 of 116) and has converted 27 of 35 free throws (77.1%). In NWC action, he has scored in double figures 10 times in WU's 13 games. He currently has a string of seven consecutive games with double-digit scoring.
* Mounts ranks second in the Northwest Conference in free throw percentage (86.8%, 79 of 91). Mounts is sixth in the NWC in rebounding (6.9 avg.) and is 12th in scoring (14.0 avg.).
* Robbie Kunke is second in the NWC with 6.11 assists per game (116 in 19 games). He earned a season-high 10 assists at Portland State University on Dec. 28. Kunke is third in the NWC in assist-to-turnover ratio with 1.78 assists per turnover.
* Willamette will complete the 2009-10 season with a pair of games next weekend. On Friday, Feb. 19, the Bearcats will take on Pacific Lutheran University in Tacoma, Wash., at 8 p.m. (PST). Willamette will return to Salem, Ore., to host Pacific University on Saturday, Feb. 20, also at 8 p.m.
LIVE WEBCASTMen's Basketball
Willamette at Lewis & Clark
Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2010 at 5:45 p.m.


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ACCT280 Cooperative Education - Accounting
Department of Business Studies: Accounting
- I. Course Number and Title
- ACCT280 Cooperative Education - Accounting
- II. Number of Credits
- 3 credits
- III. Minimum Number of Instructional Minutes Per Semester
- Completion of 200 employment hours (12000 contact minutes)
- IV. Prerequisites
- 24 college credits, a GPA of 2.0 earned in courses by the Department of Business Studies, and Permission of the Department of Business Studies
- Corequisites
- None
- V. Other Pertinent Information
- None
- VI. Catalog Course Description
- This course evaluates a student's ability to relate the academic accounting concepts and skills with on-the-job experience and research of accounting topics as they relate to the student's academic preparation and career objectives.
- VII. Required Course Content and Direction
Learning Goals:
- Course Students will
- apply on-the-job experience in a field directly related to the student's academic preparation and/or career objectives; and
- demonstrate experience in written business communication through the preparation of a comprehensive accounting research project and resume.
- Core (if applicable) This course is not included in the Core.
Planned Sequence of Topics and/or Learning Activities:
- periodic meetings between the program coordinator and students discussing academic and employment concerns
- employment in a position which includes accounting duties for a total of 200 hours and the evaluation by the employer using criteria established by the program coordinator in conjunction with the employer's standards of performance
- written research project focusing on an accounting topic and preparation of a resume to demonstrate proficiency in written business communication
Assessment Methods for Core Learning Goals:
- Course The assessment of course learning goals will be based on evaluation of the student job experience through an employer performance evaluation using coordinated criteria, periodic meetings with the program coordinator to ensure student progress, and a final research project.
- Core (if applicable) This course is not included in the Core.
Reference, Resource, or Learning Materials to be used by Students:See course format for required textbook and any related materials.
- VIII. Teaching Methods Employed
- Section VIII is not being used in new and revised syllabi as of 12/10/08.
Review/Approval Date -1/99; Revised 12/2011


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Video:How to Find the Massage Therapist for Youwith Renee Beshures
Find out how to choose the right massage therapist for you. We'll tell you what to look for, and what questions to ask, when choosing a massage therapist.See Transcript
Transcript:How to Find the Massage Therapist for YouHello, I am Renee Beshures one of the owners of Boulder Body Works of Boulder, Colorado and I am here for About.com. Today I am going to share with you some tips on how to find the right massage therapist for you.
Why Are You Looking for a Massage Therapist?
I would suggest you first assess why are you seeking massage therapy and what are your desired results. Are you seeking massage therapy for general health and well-being or are you seeking massage therapy to treat an injury or chronic condition? Once you have answered these questions, you can then begin your search for the right massage therapist for you.
Types of Massage Therapy
Some of the more common massage therapies are swedish massage, Thai Massage. orthopedic massage, deep tissue massage, and hot stone massage. Orthopedic massage is a more advanced form of massage therapy. Those who have had a car accident or are dealing with a chronic neck or back issue will benefit greatly from orthopedic massage.
What to Look for in a Massage Therapist
Asking your friends, colleagues and co-workers for a referral for massage therapy is an excellent way to get started. When asking for that referral, please be clear what you are looking for in a a massage. When choosing your massage therapist, ask about her education and training. A minimum of five years experience and a thousand hours of education would be a great place to start.
Tips for Your Massage Appointment
When going to a spa, you will want to book your reservation with plenty of notice, and you are going to want to be very specific with the receptionist with what your goals and wishes are with working with massage therapists. When your visiting your doctors office you may also find various pamphlets for local massage therapists. Peruse those pamphlets, often they will list their philosophy, the services they offer, and their pricing. Another great resource is the internet; so many therapists and fabulous companies have a large amount of information available on their websites.
Swedish massage, hot stone massage, and thai massage all have the potential of creating deep relaxation and easing muscle tension in one's body. If you are looking for deep relaxation, I would suggest any of these modalities. And if you have the opportunity to work with a therapist who has been practicing for 10 years, i would encourage you to seize that opportunity...thank you for watching, to learn more please join us at About.com.
About videos are made available on an "as is" basis, subject to the User Agreement.


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COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Columbia City was on fire from the tip-off in Whitley CountyŌĆÖs boys basketball season opener against Whitko Wednesday.
The Eagles shot 90 percent in 3-pointers in the opening half en route to a lopsided 69-26 win over their county rivals. Mason Coverstone sparked Columbia City, hitting the first of nine Eagle 3-pointers in the first half.
CHURUBUSCO ŌĆö Smith-Green Community SchoolŌĆÖs board meeting was well attended Monday, as Interim Superintendent Ralph Bailey presented his solution to the near-half a million dollarsŌĆÖ worth of budget cuts.
ŌĆ£No one loves the person who has to make the budget,ŌĆØ Bailey said. ŌĆ£I am the one responsible for it and I take that very seriously.ŌĆØ
Bailey told of the months working with Business Manager Todd Fleetwood.
ŌĆ£This is nothing IŌĆÖm happy about, but small schools are losing funding ŌĆō thanks to the government,ŌĆØ Bailey said.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö In the near future, Whitley CountyŌĆÖs Commissioners will be meeting with Allen County Commissioners to hear what they have to say about a possible road project ŌĆö coinciding with the county line.
The estimated $2.2 million project would move part of East CR 900 S., in Whitley County, to connect with Liberty Mills in Allen County.
ŌĆ£Those who want it will tell you the benefit is itŌĆÖs a dangerous intersection, and we need to cure that,ŌĆØ said Whitley County Commissioner Don Amber.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Early morning shoppers morphed into turkey day shoppers as many retailers offered holiday deals on Thanksgiving Day.
Black Friday was instituted to boost a stumbling economy in 1939 by Franklin Roosevelt. But this year, the sales started a day early.
Locally, Wal-Mart started its holiday shopping season at 8 p.m. Thanksgiving night. That led shoppers on a mission to find the best Black Friday deals to ask a difficult question: Deal with the crowds now or later?
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Speaking on behalf of all the bus drivers in Whitley County Consolidated Schools, Transportation Director Keith Kohut said the more than 750,000 miles traveled each year plays a major role in student success.
ŌĆ£As an extension of the classroom, our drivers set an example for students,ŌĆØ said Kohut. ŌĆ£In most cases, our drivers are the first school representative to greet the students and parents of students who ride the bus in the morning. A simple ŌĆśhelloŌĆÖ goes a long way to helping our students start the day on a positive note.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Unemployment numbers for October are in ŌĆö with Whitley County seeing a new low of 6.8 percent.
ŌĆ£This is pretty significant,ŌĆØ said Whitley County Economic Development Corporation (EDC) President Alan Tio. ŌĆ£From what I understand, this is the lowest weŌĆÖve seen in nearly four years.ŌĆØ
According to the EDC, employment for Whitley County was down 7.6 percent in September of this year, making a difference of nearly one percent.
ŌĆ£A one percent difference is a couple hundred people,ŌĆØ said Tio.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆö Like iconic images captured by Norman Rockwell, families will gather today around dinner tables across the nation.
Turkey day traditions that span generations include holiday services, school programs as well as homemade food dishes and desserts.
In the United States, the first Thanksgiving wasnŌĆÖt held around any elaborate dining room furniture or served on bone china.
In 1621, a celebration at Plymouth, now in present-day Massachusetts, was held to celebrate a bountiful harvest.
COLUMBIA CITY ŌĆō Although relatives can wear on nerves during holiday gatherings, "family" was the dominant answer in the most recent results from The Post & Mail's online poll.
When asked to complete the question, "Thanksgiving is a time for . . ." 51 percent of respondents chose "family," 34 percent chose "feeling grateful," 9 percent chose "food" and 6 percent chose "football."
You can participate in this week's online poll by going to the home page of www.thepostandmail.com and finding the poll question on the right side of the page.
Ethel Belle Smith, 86, of Columbia City, died at 1:32 p.m. Wednesday, Nov. 21, 2012, at MillerŌĆÖs Merry Manor where she had been a resident since March 2008.
She was born Feb. 24, 1926, in Portland, a daughter of William Henry and Estella May (Nickerson) Miller. Her formative years were spent in Portland where she attended Mount Zion School.
On Oct. 7, 1944, she was united in marriage to Herman E. Smith. They made their home in Waynedale until 1977 when they moved to Old Lake. Mr. Smith died Nov. 28, 2001. In 2002, Ethel Belle moved to Columbia City.
SOUTH WHITLEY ŌĆö Markers were handed out and people were encouraged to write on the walls of the meeting room in South Whitley Tuesday, located next to the Town Hall.
The South Whitley Plan Com-mission held a brainstorming session for residents to write down suggestions on ways the town could improve.
Anna Simmons, plan commission president, said, ŌĆ£We did this at our last meeting and we got some great ideas. I hope to have more meetings in the future to determine the priority of each suggestion in the different categories.ŌĆØ


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A double-braced, economical snare stand from the masters at Ludwig.
Featuring a ball-in-socket tilter mechanism and sturdy, double-braced legs, the Ludwig Atlas Standard Snare Stand is a rock solid foundation for the heaviest of backbeats. With new Keystone wing nuts and base feet and flexibility to enable drum setups as low as 15", this stand offers firm strength for any drum (snare or rack tom) at almost any level.