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For the second game in a row, Toure' Murry played a solid first half on both sides of the ball. On defense, he stayed in front of his man and used his length to disrupt penetration. On offense, Toure' initiated the pick-and-roll with Tyson Chandler and always kept his eyes open for a slashing teammate.
On one drive Murry kicked the ball backwards to a cutting Amar'e Stoudemire for a clear slam. Toure' has shown flashes that he can run an NBA offense and Coach Woodson is giving him a chance to grow.


text:
This new forum
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:05
When writing a review, try to note a few common things.
1) Level of the material (beginner, intermediate, etc).
2) A rating from No stars to 4 stars. Let's not get carried away with 10 stars, etc.
3) A comment or two about what you like, or dislike about the material.
Let's restrict the each thread to a single topic. That means, if someone reviews "I fought the law" book, don't also try to squeeze in a review of the "To bid or not to bid" in the same thread, although those are closely related (in a way).
Also, it might be nice to add a poll to your review, so others could share their thoughts on the level of the material and the quality of material presented.
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:07
Good idea. It might be useful to try to define what is meant by Beginner/Intermediate/Advanced/Expert in this context... (of course, also damn well impossible).
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:10
(No idea how much work that is)
Me: "Maybe he should have checked for the ♠K before he jumped to the grand slam that luckily made.
Ex-Bermuda Bowl Player: "He did check for the ♠K - he saw it in his opponent's hand!"
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:17
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:31
TimG, on 2010-December-23, 14:17, said:
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:34
Phil, on 2010-December-23, 14:10, said:
(No idea how much work that is)
I don't really have any plans to do so. But it was the difficulty paging through the long review theads that made me decide we need this thread (that and people finding a need to create webpages just to do the same thing). I guess if we start a thread on a book or software already reviewed, we cut paste ealier content out of the other threads should anyone feel energetic enough to do so.
Posted 2010-December-23, 14:45
matmat, on 2010-December-23, 14:07, said:
Good idea. It might be useful to try to define what is meant by Beginner/Intermediate/Advanced/Expert in this context... (of course, also damn well impossible).
This would be very difficult, but if you include a poll, the others who have read it might help correct any wrong evaluaion the first poster makes. For instance, if i was to review "how to read opponents cards" by mike lawrence, I might say it for for Advanced players. Mike himself, I think, said intermediate players. So as other posters here vote in a poll that include the question of skill level needed, teh material forum members would correct my mistaken evaluation.
Without too much thought on the process, I might divide the groups as follows.
For play, beginners would only be how to play, how to count hcp, etc. So most books/etc that include beginners will probably also include intermediates.
Intermediates would (for play) focus on counting winners, counting losers, counting opponents hands. And less complicated subjects like don't pull trumps if you need your trumps to ruff, rudimentary endplays, infrafinesses, restricted choice. Law of total tricks, competitive bidding, rudimentary bridge odds, things like that.
Advance would be squeezes (I think intermediates could start learning these as well), trump coups, more complicated endplays, tricky suit combinations, percentage calculations/plays, etc.
Expert: Everything already 0covered in advanced, but complicated hands, as experts differ mostly in that they make fewer mistakes than the rest of us. However, clearly books like Adventures in card play would fall into the expert category. So you could include things like backwash squeezes, entry-shifting squeezes, etc as expert level stuff. ALSO, I would throw in here material where you have to take partner's problems into consideration during bidding and/or defense.
Posted 2010-December-23, 15:54
I don't particularly like writing reviews, but I have read lots of bridge texts (yeah, i know, it doesn't show) and would probably try to chime in if someone were to ask about a book they are thinking about getting.
Posted 2010-December-30, 18:55
matmat, on 2010-December-23, 15:54, said:
I don't particularly like writing reviews, but I have read lots of bridge texts (yeah, i know, it doesn't show) and would probably try to chime in if someone were to ask about a book they are thinking about getting.
Read everything and be totally confused- worse than ever.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Oct. 26, 2008
PRINCETON, N.J. - The Holy Cross women's rowing team competed in the Princeton Charles Race Regatta on Sunday afternoon. The Crusaders competed in the women's open eight race and the women's second open eight race.
In the women's open eight race, Holy Cross' A boat placed 32nd in a time of 16:49.439 and the B boat finished in 42nd place with a time of 17:55.465 out of 43 boats. The Crusaders' A boat was coxswain senior Katie Donnelly (Marstons Mills, Mass.), junior Monika Mangsen (Holden, Mass.), junior Mara Piltin (Medford, N.J.), senior Johanna Cubelli (Boonton Township, N.J.), freshman Bethany Charron (Manchester, N.H.), Abby Hammond, sophomore Katherine Byrns (Manhasset, N.Y.), senior co-captain Clare Bracikowski (Brentwood, Tenn.) and Gosha Smas.
The B boat Laura LeBourdais, Maura Hogan, senior Lis Flaherty (Lincolnwood, Ill.), freshman Meaghan Pedlow (Charlotte, N.C.), sophomore Nicole Gabana (East Stroudsburg, Pa.), senior Meridith Malysz (Wilbrahem, Mass.), senior co-captain Kelly St. Germain (Cambridge, Mass.), sophomore Jackie Jankowski (Shrewsbury, Mass.) and sophomore Laura Dillon (Melrose, Mass.).
The Crusaders will return to action for their final race of the fall season, traveling to Hanover, N.H. to compete in the Green Monster Regatta on Sunday, November, 1, beginning at 12:00 p.m.


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Coverage and insight from Austin.
Posts filtered on Category
Texas 31, Texas Tech 22 – final
By Mike Finger LUBBOCK – David Ash grew tired of going backwards. Carrington Byndom grew sick of people picking on him. And Mack Brown, presumably, grew weary of insisting things would get better when they kept looking worse. Basically, the Texas Longhorns were fed up. And when they finally showed it Saturday at Jones AT&T […] [Read More]
UT football: Brown probable for Tech
LUBBOCK — Malcolm Brown might be about to make his long-awaited return. Brown, the Texas tailback who's missed four games with an ankle injury, is listed as probable on the Longhorns' injury report for Saturday's game against Texas Tech. Brown eclipsed the 100-yard mark in two of UT's first three games this season, and led […] [Read More]
UT football: Ash to start at Texas Tech
AUSTIN — Case McCoy's game-winning touchdown drive against Kansas wasn't enough to earn him a job as a starter. Texas coach Mack Brown announced Monday that David Ash remains the Longhorns' first-string quarterback heading into this week's game at Texas Tech. Ash was outstanding for most of this season's first seven games, and is still […] [Read More]
Final: Texas 21, Kansas 17
By Mike Finger LAWRENCE, Kan. – How closely the Texas Longhorns treaded to absolute cataclysm Saturday afternoon, we'll never know. We'll never know for sure if there would've been an uprising in Austin, if enraged fans would've taken to the streets, or if the plane carrying Mack Brown would've been greeted with torches and pitchforks. […] [Read More]
UT football: Hicks still out, Brown still questionable
LAWRENCE, Kan. — Texas' Friday injury report bore no surprises. For the Longhorns, that wasn't a good thing. As anticipated, linebacker Jordan Hicks is officially out for Saturday's game against Kansas. After leading the team in tackles through UT's first three games, Hicks will miss his fifth game in a row due to the hip […] [Read More]
Texas 56, Baylor 50 – final
Texas' Joe Bergeron ran for five touchdowns and the Longhorns needed all of them in a wild 56-50 victory over Baylor on Saturday in Austin. Both teams scored at least seven points in every quarter as the two defenses got scorched. Baylor quarterback Nick Florence passed for two touchdowns. He also ran for a 1-yard […] [Read More]
UT football: Hicks, Brown out for Baylor game
AUSTIN — Texas' attempt to end a losing streak hasn't been made any easier by its latest injury report. Linebacker Jordan Hicks (injured hip) and tailback Malcolm Brown (sprained ankle) will both miss Saturday's game against Baylor, the school announced Friday evening. Offensive tackle Donald Hawkins is questionable with an ankle injury. For Hicks, who […] [Read More]
UT football: Brown says he has time to get Longhorns fixed
AUSTIN — While acknowledging he's aware his latest blowout loss to Oklahoma will increase speculation about his future, Texas coach Mack Brown said Monday he is not feeling any heat to keep his job and has no plans to walk away. Two days after the Longhorns were drubbed 63-21, their third consecutive loss to the […] [Read More]
UT football: Ash declares himself ready for Baylor
AUSTIN — Wearing a light cloth wrap around his injured left wrist, Texas quarterback David Ash said he expects to start Saturday's home game against Baylor. Ash was hurt in the fourth quarter of the Longhorns' 63-21 loss to Oklahoma, when a helmet collided into his non-throwing arm. The wrist immediately swelled, and Ash said […] [Read More]
Jeffcoat out for season, Ash possible for Baylor
AUSTIN — On a nightmarish weekend for Texas, even a rare bit of positive news came with another dreadful update. Longhorns quarterback David Ash avoided a fracture to his injured left wrist, but standout defensive end Jackson Jeffcoat's season is over after rupturing his right pectoral muscle, the school announced Sunday. Jeffcoat, a preseason All-Big […] [Read More]
Show More


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Hanusovicky pivovar Holba as in Alcoholic Drinks (Czech Republic)
Hanusovicky pivovar Holba as in Alcoholic Drinks (Czech Republic)
Published: August 2013
Publisher: Euromonitor International
Product ref: 179527
Pages: 2
Format: PDF
Delivery: Immediate download
The company aims to widen its distribution net not only in Moravia but also in Bohemia. It plans to introduce new labels for its Holba brand and is likely to seek to pique the interest of Czech consumers with a new beer variety in 2013.
Euromonitor International Local Company Profiles are a concise set of briefings detailing the strategic direction taken by a company. Discover key contact details, the company background and their competitive positioning through this collection of snapshot company profiles.
Product coverage: Beer, Cider/Perry, RTDs/High-Strength Premixes, Spirits, Wine.
Data coverage: market sizes (historic and forecasts), company shares, brand shares and distribution data.
Why buy this report?
- Get a detailed picture of the Alcoholic Drinks market;
- Pinpoint growth sectors and identify factors driving change;
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- Use five-year forecasts to assess how the market is predicted to develop.
Euromonitor International has over 40 years' experience of publishing market research reports, business reference books and online information systems. With offices in London, Chicago, Singapore, Shanghai, Vilnius, Dubai, Cape Town, Santiago, Sydney, Tokyo and Bangalore and a network of over 800 analysts worldwide, Euromonitor International has a unique capability to develop reliable information resources to help drive informed strategic planning.
Key Facts
Summary 1 Hanusovicky pivovar Holba as: Key Facts
Summary 2 Hanusovicky pivovar Holba as: Operational Indicators
Company Background
Competitive Positioning
Summary 3 Hanusovicky pivovar Holba as: Competitive Position 2012
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text:
By Jim GaramoneAmerican Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Feb. 5, 2001 Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld said the United States would consult with its allies and friends as it makes decisions about National Missile Defense.
But, Rumsfeld said Feb. 2, President Bush has the constitutional responsibility to defend the United States, and he has promised to build and deploy a national missile defense system.
Rumsfeld spoke in general terms about the program on his way to the Munich (Germany) Conference on Security Policy. The secretary used the setting in Germany to meet with many defense ministers of allied nations.
He said he was not going to make any pronouncements on national missile defense. Rumsfeld said he has just started meetings on the subject and he could not talk specifics. He did talk about the need for missile defense and the relevance of the 1972 ABM Treaty to the debate.
Leaders of some European nations maintain that a U.S. missile defense program would spur a new arms race. They contend such a system is destabilizing and unneeded.
Russian leaders said they believe an NMD system is aimed against their country. Russian President Vladimir Putin has called on the United States to abandon the idea. He also has refused to amend the ABM Treaty to allow the United States to field an NMD system. Putin calls the ABM Treaty a cornerstone of U.S.-Russian relations.
Rumsfeld said the threats posed by the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction require such a system even if many call such a system risky.
"It kind of amazes me ... that the issue of missile defense is an issue of a country -- or countries -- that feels vulnerable and being able to reduce that vulnerability," he said. "That doesn't threaten anybody. It just doesn't."
The secretary said the Russians know that the U.S. system under discussion is no threat to the nuclear balance between Russia and the United States. The U.S. system might stop "a handful" of missiles and is "not in any way relevant" to the Russians with their thousands of warheads, Rumsfeld said.
Rumsfeld said President Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell agree the United States needs continued discussions with the Russians over the ABM Treaty. "We would need to talk with them whether there was a treaty or not," he said.
Rumsfeld sees the treaty as outdated and a stumbling block for building an effective missile defense system. "There's little doubt in my mind that if you were seeking a system that was the easiest to deploy, the most cost-effective and technically the best, you would very likely come up with something other than if you sat down and tried to design a system that would fit within a treaty written 25 years ago," he said.
When the ABM Treaty was signed, technology was different and the superpower confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union dominated world politics. The Russian emphasis "is really, in my view, Cold War thinking to elevate that treaty to something that is central to the relationship today."
Rumsfeld, who first served as defense secretary in the mid-1970s, said that both sides were properly concerned to cement in place the strategy that came to be called "mutually assured destruction" -- having a lot of weapons, and both sides knowing that any attack would be met by massive retaliation.
He said the Russians "can't be concerned about us and we aren't concerned that Russia is poised to use those weapons against the United States. The Soviet Union is gone. Russia is a different country. That period is over in our lives. Why don't we just get over it?"
Related Articles:Rumsfeld Speaks on Missile Defense, CooperationRumsfeld to Meet European Leaders, Visit TroopsNATO Chief Says EU Force Will Draw Alliance Together


text:
Click Here to Watch the Whole Video in HD at Broke College Boys
Thank god for broke ass boys and huge college expenses. Their hard times bring us hard cocks. We hand out the cash and you enjoy the action.
It's his birthday, it's his birthday! Yep, its Justin's birthday and Aaron and Jordan wanted to do something a bit out of the ordinary for his birthday. When I walked into the kitchen these guys had already baked him a cake and added twenty candles for his birthday.
Pixels: 320X240 | Bitrate: 350K
Pixels: 640X480 | Bitrate: 700K


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- 84
- people in the U.S. have this name View Hugo Cardenas on Whitepages
Meaning & Origins
Latinized form of Hugh, used throughout the Middle Ages in official documents, and now enjoying a revival as a given name.
|887th in the U.S.
Spanish (Cárdenas): habitational name from places in the provinces of Almería and Logroño named Cárdenas, from the feminine plural of cárdeno 'blue', 'bluish purple' (Late Latin cardinus, from carduus 'thistle'). Presumably the noun tierras 'lands' is to be understood, and the reference is to land covered with bluish plants, such as thistles or vines.
|616th in the U.S.
Nicknames & variations
Hugh, Hugoa, Hugoe, Hugoh, Hughie, Huda, Hus, Hughey, Huck, Hug
Cardona, Cardwell, Card, Carden, Cardoza, Cardoso, Carder, Cardinal, Cardin, Cardinale


text:
Online Registration
Online registration is the quickest and
easiest way to ensure your camper's spot in her session of choice. You will
need a valid email address and credit card to complete the registration online. Click the register for camp button at the top of the page to register online.
Paper Registration
you choose to register by paper, please print the registration form and mail
it, along with your deposit, into your local council office.
Campership Application *The submission period for 2015 Camperships is now closed*
New Registration Information for 2015
Please read the new registration information carefully. The camp registration deadlines and processes have changed.
this list to make certain you have included everything needed in your
__ Completed
and signed registration form
__ Campership financial aid form, if applying for financial assistance due by Wednesday, March 18, 2015. Click here for paper form or click here for online application.
__ Cookie
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Deposit (Cash, Check, Money Order, Credit Card Number)
you at camp!


text:
Women's Basketball: National TV Games Picked
MORGANTOWN, W.Va. – West Virginia University Director of Athletics Oliver Luck and the BIG EAST have announced the 2010-11 women's basketball television schedule.
The Mountaineers will have seven games on national television, the second-most in the BIG EAST, including ESPN2 Big Monday and February Frenzy games. WVU will also have games on ESPNU, CBS College Sports Network and BIG EAST Network (BETV). Four of the seven nationally televised games will be played at the WVU Coliseum.
"The national television exposure for is outstanding for the women's basketball program, for the University and for the entire state of West Virginia," Luck says. "Over the past few years we have increased significantly the number of television appearances for Coach Mike Carey's squad. We are so proud that the Mountaineers will go into the season ranked ninth in the nation and we encourage all Mountaineer fans to support the team."
The BIG EAST's 2010-11 women's basketball television schedule features all 16 teams for the fifth consecutive year and continues to be one of the top television slates in the nation. The league's overall exposure includes one game on CBS Sports, 14 appearances on ESPN/ESPN2, 27 on ESPNU and 25 on CBS College Sports Network.
ESPN's Big Monday highlights West Virginia's schedule as the Mountaineers will play host to St. John's to wrap up the regular season on Feb. 28 at 7 p.m. on ESPN2. The conference showdown is one of only three BIG EAST games to appear on ESPN/ESPN2, which will also be simulcast on ESPN3.com.
ESPN's annual February Frenzy will feature five BIG EAST teams on ESPN2. On Feb. 13, Louisville will host West Virginia as a part of ESPN's February Frenzy to support cancer research.
The title game of the 2010 BIG EAST Women's Championship presented by American Eagle Outfitters on March 8 will again be the only women's basketball conference final in the nation aired on ESPN. The BIG EAST is one of two conferences to be featured on the channel this season.
West Virginia will appear on ESPNU at 4 p.m. on Jan. 30 as it faces conference foe DePaul in a Sunday matchup. ESPNU can now be seen in more than 73 million homes and will showcase 11 BIG EAST teams throughout the conference season.
CBS College Sports Network will also pick up three of the Mountaineers' 2010-11 games with the first at Georgetown, Jan. 25, and the final two at the WVU Coliseum, Feb. 8 against Connecticut, and Feb. 22 against Notre Dame.
West Virginia's final televised game of the season is a BIG EAST syndicated Game of the Week, Feb. 5, at home against Pitt.
The BIG EAST will continue to expand its women's basketball website coverage in 2010-11. For the third straight year, fans can watch the first and second rounds of the conference championship live on BIGEAST.tv, the league's online home for live and on-demand streaming audio and video. Both days of coverage, as well as the Saturday Game of the Week package, will be free to viewers. Users should visit www.bigeast.tv for more information.
Big 12 Media Days: Dana Holgorsen
Women's Soccer: Amanda Hill and Mocha
Big 12 Media Days: Nick Kwiatkoski
Football: Dana Holgorsen on ESPN
Big 12 Media Days: Day One Report
Men's Basketball: Summer Update


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Construction Workers Can't Work Until 'Sexist' Men Working Sign Is Removed
A construction crew was forced to stop working until they removed the Men Working sign at a community college in Ohio, because it was described as "sexist and non-inclusive."
A college administrator complained about the wording of the men working sign at Sinclair Community College in downtown Dayton.
The female employee complained about the sign and, according to Fox News, she also suggested several alternatives to the crew, such as "Construction Zone."
The workers complied with the demands, but stopped working until it was removed.
Sinclair has nearly 30,000 students, making it one of the largest community colleges in America.
The school takes pride in its diversity.
"The concept of diversity at Sinclair Community College encompasses the acceptance, inclusiveness, engagement, and mutual respect among students, faculty, staff, administrators, and members of the broader community," says a statement on the school's website.
While the general concept is understood, it seems as if it is an overreaction to a seemingly non-issue. There are much bigger fights to wage in the world, but I guess it can get slow in Dayton, Ohio.
Stephen Willard | Elite.


text:
Legislative history is defined in Black's Law Dictionary, 8th ed. (2004) as "the background and events, including committee reports, hearings and floor debates, leading up to an enactment of an act." Such history is important in determining the legislative intent of a particular statute.
Here are some very basic research steps:
Hawaii Revised Statutes is the state's compilation of general and permanent laws. The current edition includes: volume 1 (2009), volume 2 (2012), volume 3 (2011), volume 4 (2001), volume 5 (2007), volume 6 (2010), volume 7 (1993), volume 8 (2004), volume 9 (2005), volume 10 (2013), volume 11 (2008), volume 12 (2006), volume 13 (1993), volume 14 (2014), Index (1996), Special Pamphlet-Tables of Disposition (1988) and the latest annual cumulative supplement. Use the index to find the relevant law.
The bracketed source note at the end of a statute indicates the enabling/amending acts and each compilation where the statute may be found.
*1935 may omit reference to previous compilations of a statute if no amendment occurred after the original enactment/last amendment and last compilation)
Go to the Session Laws volume for the year when the act was passed. Acts are arranged in numerical order and will cite to a House Bill (HB) or Senate Bill (SB). From 1935-1953, the acts are not arranged in numerical order, check the table of contents for the page number of each act. Notice that an act may have a preamble which states purpose.
After you have determined the bill no., go to both the House and Senate journals at the back of which are tables, at times, labeled as History of Bills. Check each of the pages cited alongside the bill to find action on the bill. Among those pages will be the text of committee report(s) or references to the report no(s). The text of the report may be included in the daily proceedings (before 1951 in the House Journal and before 1955 in the Senate Journal; if not, the report will be published in an appendix. Review all relevant reports for stated intent/purpose. At a minimum, there will be one House and one Senate standing committee report. The other cited pages may include floor remarks, and references to special reports and testimony.
Judiciary Home | Library Home
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text:
1. Air Travel Routing Criterion
Air travel when required shall be at economy/coach rate, but preference shall be allowed for nonstop service and reasonable departure and arrival times. Air travel may be upgraded by the traveler to business or first class; however, all costs associated with the upgrade shall be the responsibility of the traveler. Expenses for a traveler's checked baggage shall be reimbursed.
2. Rental Car Usage
Use of standard grade rental vehicles from a national rental agency is authorized. Standard grade is defined as an intermediate or full sized vehicle. A rental vehicle may be upgraded by the traveler; however, all costs associated with the upgrade shall be the responsibility of the traveler. An upgrade is authorized where two or more travelers share a rental vehicle and the net cost to the Board will result in a net savings to the Board. An upgrade is authorized where a special discount or sales promotion results in an expense equal to or less that the cost of a standard grade vehicle.
3. Personal Motor Vehicle Usage
Use of a traveler's personal motor vehicle for retirement board travel shall be reimbursed at the mileage rate established by the Internal Revenue Service. Parking and toll cost shall be reimbursed subject to proper documentation.
4. Maximum Daily Reimbursement for Meals
The maximum daily reimbursement for the cost of meals while on Board authorized travel shall be $100.00. The Board may, however, make allowances for reimbursement in excess of the allowable amount for travel to high-cost locations. All meal reimbursement requests must comply with 840 CMR 2.00 and be submitted with original, itemized receipts, setting forth the date and place of purchase. Reimbursement for the cost of meals which are included in a conference registration fee or as part of an educational event shall not be reimbursed, except where different meals are required for religious or medical reasons. Reimbursement for the purchase or consumption of alcoholic beverages shall not be reimbursed under any circumstances.
5. Authorization for Board Issued Credit Card Usage
The Board may establish a credit or debit account for the purpose of effectuating 840 CMR 2.00 and this supplementary regulation.
6. Lodging
Where lodging is required, reimbursement will include the night prior to the commencement of the conference or educational event, and each night thereafter, including the night of the last day of the conference or educational event. Accommodations may be upgraded; however, all additional costs associated with such upgrade shall be the responsibility of the traveler.
7. Expense Reimbursement process
To ensure that expense reimbursement requests are in compliance with 840 CMR 2.00 and this supplementary regulation, all expense reimbursement requests shall be reviewed and approved as follows:
A. Expense reimbursement requests shall be properly documented and certified by the traveler on a form established and approved for such use, and submitted to the Executive Director, who shall ensure that expense reimbursement requests correspond with prior voted Board approvals and are in proper order. Expense reimbursement requests which are not in compliance with 840 CMR and the Board's Supplemental Travel Regulations shall be returned to the traveler with an explanation of non-compliance.
B. Expense reimbursement requests submitted by the Director shall be further reviewed by the Retirement Coordinator in accordance with section A.
C. Expense Reimbursements shall appear on the Board's regular agenda and be voted in open session.
8. Documentation
Notwithstanding the provisions of 840 CMR 2.04(2), where expense payments of a traveler are to be reimbursed by the Board to a third party under 840 CMR 2.13, or expenses are to be reimbursed to the Board by a third party, or where a delay in obtaining required proper documentation of expenses occurs through no fault of the traveler, or in any circumstance where the documentation required for reimbursement under 840 CMR 2.00 is not readily available or attainable, the Board may reasonably extend the time for submission of documents required for reimbursement, and such delay shall not be considered a violation for the purposes of 840 CMR 2.14.


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Hi ladies, I'm new to this group! I'm 24 with two boys, 4 & 1. I'm looking to make new friends! Would love to have some play dates! We live in whispering meadows addition off Illinois rd :)
Hi! I'm new in this group too!! I have a boy who is almost 4 , and we are looking to make new friends too!.. We live very close from your Addition so if you are interested let me know and we can get together maybe in the park !
Looks like you two have a well-matched group! I'm glad you were able to connect here. I don't know how you both feel about it, but if you're looking to meet others in the group, you may want to try picking a date & location and posting it here. If others want to show up, great. If they don't, you'll still be getting together to meet. Buckner Park is not far from you, and it has a splash pad for hot days.
No pressure, of course. :) I just wanted to let you know what's worked for some of the other groups.
Welcome to the group!


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International Students
International students seeking enrollment during the summer term should pay careful attention to deadlines and special requirements as they relate to international applicants. Many international applicants will be required to document English language proficiency as well as submit transcript evaluations if coursework was taken outside of the United States. In addition, international students may be required to provide certain immigration documents to the International Student Office for verification of status.
International students planning to attend the University of West Florida as an F-1 or J-1 visa holder will have additional admission requirements and should work closely with the International Student Office to ensure proper guidelines are followed.
If you are currently outside the U.S. and plan to begin your degree at UWF during summer term, we recommend that you submit your undergraduate or graduate application for admission and all supporting documents by March 1.
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text:
After announcing the inclusions of Billy Bob Thornton, Colin Hanks, and Martin Freeman, the producers of FX's Fargo miniseries have added a slew of recognizable names, including (deep breath) Glenn Howerton, Oliver Platt, Bob Odenkirk, Kate Walsh, and Adam Goldberg.
No shortage of personalities there. Of course, the finite nature of the show has afforded the producers and casting directors the opportunity to recruit working TV stars who wouldn't have been able to sign on for a more open-ended run. Odenkirk has Birthday Boys and his Breaking Bad Saul spinoff, Howerton has always Sunny, and though I haven't checked, I'm guessing Kate Walsh is knee deep in season 71 of Grey's Anatomy, and season 7 of Private Practice. Just kidding. Those two shows are done.
Enough, FX. We'll watch your show, already.
Consider posting a comment.


text:
Associated Press
MIAMI -- Authorities are investigating a deadly wrong-way collision that killed two girls after learning the driver allegedly tweeted she was drunk just hours before the accident.
Florida Highway Patrol officials said the 20-year-old driver Kayla Mendoza was headed the wrong way on the Sawgrass Expressway early Sunday when she slammed into Kaitlyn Nicole Ferrante's car. Ferrante died Thursday. WFOR-TV Miami reports Ferrante's family donated her heart. Her passenger, 21-year-old Marisa Catronio, died on scene.
According to Mendoza's Twitter page, she tweeted '2 drunk 2 care' hours before the accident. In her profile, she describes herself as a 'pothead princess' and tweets several references to smoking blunts.
FHP Sgt. Mark Wysocky says they are aware of Mendoza's tweets and are investigating. They said Mendoza was listed in serious condition.
Information from: WFOR-TV, http://www.wfor.com/
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|El, from the legendary group Artifacts with his solo debut. Features
tracks with J-Live, Sadat X, Asheru, Pharoahe Monch & Prince Po.
1. WSVN Radio Jump Off
2. Relax
3. Speakin'
4. So Easily
5. On and On featuring Sadat X
6. Eternally
7. Word On the Street
8. So Think Again
9. Focus
10. Bang It Out
11. Summer Time Bluez
12. In the Lab
13. We Bouncin'
14. Be Original
15. Questions and Answers
16. Fall Back featuring A-Drift
17. Whatyouwando? featuring J-Live & Asheru
18. Kaos Outro
19. Frontline featuring Pharoahe Monch, Prince Po (in my day, that was called
Organized Konfusion), Mike Zoot & F.T.
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I like the way the site is right now. its simplicity is genius. Just right less gossip and smear articles and I will check it 2x a day instead of one! The post standard, for all the mistakes...is a good paper
Bill is a highly creative guy and I enjoyed working with him for the last 10 years. He makes great signs and statues as well! Great article Post standard!
middle school teachers make great leaders in a community! Tech teachers dont have a state exam so they have alot of time to think of creative ways to educate a difficult age group. Good for Tony!
Mike 4 - That is the dumbest comment I have read in a long time, you are dumb to even comprehend the long term out come of your idea so I will keep it simple for you. Go back to what you do best and serve fish sticks nicely warmed to the prisoners at JD county jail!
FOR HEAVENS SAKE.....NO MORE TESTS! The answer to lack of college readiness is not "give em" a test so they can work on what they dont know for 2 years...that's delusional thinking.
The ACC should do whatever it needs to do you wrangle Notre Dame for any reason. If we lose an opportunity to have the Irish in the ACC for any reason, and they jump to the big 12, they will never change back and the ACC will forever lost an absolute powerhouse for ticket sales/ratings. I say offer ND the football exemption for now and offer the other one to louisville or rutgers. screw UCONN!
Bloomberg is trying to use his MBA paternalistic methods to change the schools and it wont work. All he is doing is increasing hostility, creating gossip, causing dissention amoung staff members. HE NEEDS TO GO AND SO DOES CUOMO with his half hearted attempt at a bill for teacher privacy! Way to go bloomberg, you just weakened the state.
I agree 100% YankeeCapt....this is ridiculous. It is a very negative thing to open up evaluations and pit teacher against teacher
wait for it...wait for it...start teacher bashing in 5,4,3,2,1.....
If you publicize teacher evaluations...YOU END TEACHER COLABORATION, create hostility and i will guess "collegiality" is not far behind! If parents start taking pot shots in parent conferences, you better believe teachers will take them back. Just what kids need...adults arguing!
Critic- all you do is post negative comments about every article you chose to comment about? Why? I checked your history. You are just consistently spilling hate! Making 60k after 10 years in the business is the bottom end of a MASTERS Degree. Have you not seen the BMW's and the boats and the Acuras out on the road in Syracuse? People are making money! No one is poor in NS. Teachers are given a fair salary. My wife tudors 2 kids. $40/hr each per week. Whats wrong with 45$ to teach 25kids? You can afford it and you know it. If any of your other posts were objective then I think i could take you seriously. But youdont...you are just a HATER
Having this program elminates one of the factors that contribute to lower test scores. Hunger. If the kids are all fed then teachers can never use it as an excuse as to why their students didnt perform.
its not the truth you spill all over this site, its your opinion. I disagree with your opinion. All of the school budgets passed this year except for one in tully. That is a fact. In science, they teach you about the search for facts. Face it, you're in the minority, and nothing you say about Unions or do will change anything. Teachers are getting their money and their bennies and their pension. No regression to 8$/hr, not extra pay to medical. You need a genie, and 3 wishes Critic02.
My mechanic owns his own shop and works on my 3rd generation rx7. I dont use dealerships.My car is quite involved and I cant find any others to work on it for less with his accuracy and consistency. He is an awesome guy and does it right. I would bet he takes home half of it while the rest goes into keeping his business up and running. His big boat parked on the property tells me alot about how much he takes home. He has 2 other guys woking for him. I dont own a big boat. He does, And I doubt teachers see all 45$ of their dollars either. We had drinks the other night at Hafners and he was telling me how he virtually pays no tax with all his write offs. Teachers cannot do this. Teachers cant write off mileage to schools and many many other things businesses can get away with. Critic- What do you do and How much do you make in your blue colored sky world?
Critic02 has no kids and no job and resents the little money he has, is required to pay his school & county tax bill, one he probably cant afford. Sorry if I hit a little to close to the mark buddy but might I request you "Change your handle to Complainic02" as it is more indicative of your posting persona!
my automechanic charges me $90 an hour. i think 45/hr is a steal. that teacher is teaching 25kids dring that hour. Thats 1.75 per student. well worth the money
Critic- How much do you make and how many days a year do you work? How many hours a day when you do work? How many loans do you have from the exceptional University you attended?
You are hilarious by the way. Do you do kids parties? I loved your overbenefitted, overpaid people standing in afield comment. Still howling about it as I type this post.
I dont work for you critic. Neither do teachers.Teachers work for the kids of their district and the future. Kids are the future afterall and without children, a society is doomed. Without educated citizens, the future you think will happen, won't. Technically, you are indebted to teachers. Thats why you must pay them they way they are being paid. They are important. You have zero control over what happens in a classroom and how much teachers are paid. Idon't have to work today, I'm the boss where I work.
Leonna-thanks for the entertaining letter and contributing to the discourse that is the "The quality of public school teachers and how they are evaluated". All teachers have good days and bad days, just like drs and lawyers and you, what ever you do. They are educated, caring people who passed a backround check and try to educate all children. When parents are involved and care about education, kids succeed. When Parent(s) arent, well...I think you know where I'm headed here. Your letter seems to boil down to this simple concept " I can afford to buy and pay for a Ford, but i want it to perform like an acura or a Mercedes. And since it will not perform like an acura or a mercedes, I will complain about my ford until i get rid of it. My advice to you is cough up the money for private school at Bishop Grimes or Bishop Ludden.
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35 CHEESE-FREE SKITS If you're looking for fun and creative ways to involve your students in learning, you can stop looking. Skits That Teach provides you and your students everything you need to act out funny and compelling skits with total confidence. Search by topic or by group size to find the perfect comedic or dramatic sketch to help illustrate a point or just start a dialogue. The Skit Guys, Eddie James and Tommy Woodard, have tested these skits on teenagers around the country, and they've brought together some of the best for this great resource. Plus they give you everything you need for each skit---overview, characters, location, Scripture reference, props, direction pointers, and a complete script. The Skit Guys avoid the cheesy dialogues and scenes typically found in Christian dramas and instead bring fun characters, witty scripts, and entertaining situations to their skits, all categorized by: * Skits for Idiots (it would take an idiot not to be able to do them right!) * Monologues * Duets/Ensembles * Comedy * Drama * Scripture Readings
|The Skit Guys
|About the Contributor(s)
|The Skit Guys
The Skit Guys are Eddie James and Tommy Woodard, two high school friends who love to communicate God's Word in dynamic and captivating ways through the use of drama, teaching, and comedy. They have been involved in various ministries and impacting lives for more than twenty years. The duo has written numerous dramas, plays, and humorous skits that cover a wide variety of topics. They're the authors of Skits That Teach, Instant Skits, and TV Shows That Teach, along with their own Skit Guys resources. Eddie James has also coauthored he Videos That Teach series, with Doug Fields.
|Publish Date
|Dec 20, 2011


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Liquid crystal light valve projection systems can use substantially all of the reading light from a high intensity reading light source by converting all single polarization state. Light reflected from a polarization beam splitter (44) that cannot be used because it is of wrong polarization state is recovered with improved efficiency, color balance and collimation by means of a polarization recovery prism (50) employing a reflective surface (56) interposed between two quarter-wave retarders (58,60). The light of wrong polarization from the polarizing beam splitter (44) is passed through a first quarter-wave retarder (58), which circularly polarizes the beam. The beam is then reflected from a mirrored surface (56) to reverse the direction of the circular polarization. The reflected beam of reversed circular polarization is then converted to a beam of light of the desired polarization by passage through a second quarter-wave retarder (60) and is transmitted in a path parallel to the path of the original beam together with light transmitted directly from the polarization beam splitter (44).
1. A method for converting unpolarized light to light having a single polarization state comprising the steps of:
dividing a beam of unpolarized light into an original beam of a first polarization state and a separated beam of a second polarization state,
passing said separated beam in a first direction through a first quarter-wave retarder to provide a first circularly polarized beam,
passing said first circularly polarized beam in a second direction at a right angle to said first direction through a second quarter-wave retarder oriented at a perpendicular to said first quarter-wave retarder to provide a recovered beam having the polarization state of said original beam, and
directing at a utilization device both said original and recovered beams.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of passing said first circularly polarized beam in a second direction includes the step of reversing the circular polarization of said circularly polarized beam and changing its direction by ninety degrees.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said step of reversing comprises reflecting said circularly polarized beam from said first retarder to said second retarder.
4. The method of claim 1 including the step of reversing the circular polarization of said first circularly polarized beam to provide a second circularly polarized beam, said step of passing the beam through a second quarter-wave retarder comprising passing the second circularly polarized beam through the second retarder.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said step of directing comprises transmitting said original and recovered beams along mutually adjacent parallel paths.
6. A method of converging unpolarized light to light having a single polarization state, comprising:
separating said unpolarized light into an original beam of a first linear polarization state transmitted in a first direction and a separated beam of a second linear polarization state transmitted in a second direction perpendicular to said first direction,
circularly polarizing said separated beam via a first quarter-wave retarder,
reversing the circular polarization of said circularly polarized separated beam and changing its direction by about ninety degrees,
restoring the linear polarization of said reversely circularly polarized beam via a second quarter-wave retarder oriented at about ninety degrees to said first quarter-wave retarder to provide a recovered light beam having said first linear polarization state, and
combining said original and separated beams.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of circularly polarizing said separated beam comprises passing said separated beam through a quarter-wave retarder plate.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said step of reversing comprises reflecting said circularly polarized beam from said first retarder to said second retarder.
9. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of combining comprises transmitting said original and recovered beams along closely adjacent parallel paths as a combined beam.
10. The method of claim 9 including the step of directing said combined beams to a beam expansion lens.
11. The method of claim 9 including the step of expanding said combined beam.
12. A liquid crystal light valve projection system comprising:
a light source for providing an input beam of unpolarized light,
a polarizing beam splitter positioned to receive said input light, to transmit a first light beam of a first polarization state and to reflect light of a second polarization state, and
a polarization recovery prism configured and arranged to receive light of said second polarization state from said polarization beam splitter, said polarization recovery prism comprising:
quarter-wave retarder means for circularly polarizing said light of said second polarization state,
reflector means for reflecting and reversing the circular polarization of light from said first quarter wave retarder means, and
second quarter-wave retarder means for restoring polarization of said reversed circularly polarized light to provide a recovered light beam having a linear polarization state that matches and is aligned with the linear polarization state of said first beam.
13. The system of claim 12 including a liquid crystal module positioned to receive both said first and recovered beams, and a beam expansion lens interposed between said polarization recovery prism and said liquid crystal module.
14. The system of claim 12 wherein said polarizing beam splitter and polarization recovery prism are configured and arranged to provide mutually parallel beams of the same linear polarization state, having an expansion angle not greater than about 3�.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to liquid crystal devices and particularly concerns improved conversion of unpolarized light to light of a single polarization state.
2. Description of Related Art
Recent developments and wider use of liquid crystal display systems, such as a video projectors, have emphasized the need for increased efficiency in illumination of the liquid crystal devices. The CRT addressed reflective liquid crystal light valve (LCLV) is a thin film, multi-layer structure comprising a liquid crystal layer, a dielectric mirror, a light blocking layer and a photosensitive layer, all sandwiched between two transparent electrodes. In a CRT addressed reflective liquid crystal light valve projection system a polarized illumination (reading) beam is obtained by directing an unpolarized beam from a high intensity light source, such as a xenon arc lamp for example, to a polarizing beam splitter, which divides the incoming light into two beams, one having a P polarization state and the other having an S polarization state. Light of one of these polarization states is passed through the liquid crystal layer to the dielectric mirror, which reflects it back through the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal material is optically addressed by an input image of relatively low intensity writing light, such as that generated by a cathode ray tube, the output of which is applied to the photosensitive layer. Therefore, if a complex distribution of light, for example a high resolution input image from the cathode ray tube, is focused on the photosensitive layer, the device converts the relatively low intensity input image into a high intensity replica image which can be reflected for projection with magnification to produce a high brightness image on a large viewing screen.
In active-matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) projection systems each pixel is addressed by means of a high intensity light beam of a single polarization state that is directed through a matrix of thin film transistors to provide a projection system that may realize a full color, high quality screen display of large size. The transistors are collectively and selectively activated to provide an image defined by the spatial array of selectively activated transistors.
As compared with conventional cathode ray tube projectors, the liquid crystal light valve projectors have many advantages in regard to compact size, light weight, low cost, and accurate color registration, among others. However, they still exhibit disadvantages in regard to total light output, which is primarily screen brightness, because of the low transmittance of the required polarizing beam splitter and the thin film transistor mode of addressing the active-matrix liquid crystal light valve. These systems can use light of only one polarization state. The polarizing beam splitter, which effectively passes only one half of the light, is necessary for those devices employing twisted nematic liquid crystal mode operation, which can operate on light of only a single polarization state. Accordingly, recovery of otherwise discarded light is essential for efficient operation.
Use of a light source of higher intensity, to overcome high losses, is undesirable. Increased intensity is limited by allowable temperature increase of the projector system components, by available light source power, and by efficiency and economics. A high power light source may cause deterioration of the polarization beam splitter and the liquid crystal light valve itself.
Ability to use all of the light from the high power illumination source has been recognized as highly desirable and will enable a projector of this kind to reduce power consumption by nearly fifty percent, or, for small units, to enable a significant increase of screen brightness.
Recognizing the need to improve efficiency of illumination, systems have been devised for recovery of the otherwise wasted light of the wrong polarization. The polarizing beam splitter passes light of P state polarization and reflects light of S state polarization. Only light of one or the other polarization state, but not both, can be used to illuminate the liquid crystal light valve face. Accordingly, it has been suggested to change the polarization state of the otherwise unused light into light of the useful polarization state and then combine the two so as to theoretically avoid the fifty percent loss of the illumination light. Prior schemes for recovery of the light of nonusable polarization state have included various systems using polarization rotating mirrors and half-wave retarder plates. All have problems. Reflective devices, although changing the direction of linear polarization, introduce a significant amount of depolarization, providing an output having a portion of elliptically polarized or depolarized light. Elliptically polarized light degrades efficiency of operation of the liquid crystal light valve. Further, light reflected from a pair of mirrors and passed through a half-wave retarder for change of polarization is not precisely nor adequately collimated. When combined with the incident light of the useful polarization state from the polarizing beam splitter, further inefficiencies in operation of the liquid crystal light valve are introduced by such lack of collimation.
Importantly, the half-wave retarder plate that has been used in prior polarized light recovery arrangements suffers from chromatic variation of light output. Intensity of the output light of desired polarization from the half-wave retarder is significantly decreased at higher and lower ends of the visible spectrum, so that intensity of both blue and red components of the desired polarization for a full spectrum light beam are decreased with respect to intensity of the intermediate wavelength green component of the desired polarization. This variation across the spectrum can be minimized by decreasing green intensity, but only at the cost of decreased efficiency.
Still further, such prior systems for converting polarization state have combined the original and recovered beam by effectively converging the two so as to be mutually superposed on the illuminated face of the liquid crystal light valve. Such prior devices provide a converging cone angle between the two light sources that is great enough to cause a significant amount of the desired light to fall outside of the desired collection cone angle of the projection lens, and thus to be wasted. In addition, light recovery devices of the prior art are generally complex, expensive and require relatively large numbers of components, thereby requiring a large package and increased costs of manufacture.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a polarized light recovery system that avoids or minimizes above mentioned problems.
In carrying out principles of the present invention in accordance with a preferred embodiment thereof, unpolarized light is converted to light having a single polarization state by separating the unpolarized light into an original beam of a first polarization state and a separated beam of a second polarization state. The separated beam is then circularly polarized, and the direction of circular polarization is reversed. The reversed circularly polarized separated beam is changed to a recovered light beam having the first polarization state and combined with the original beam of the first polarization state. The two beams are transmitted along closely adjacent parallel paths. In one embodiment the recovery is carried out by passing unpolarized light to a polarizing beam splitter which provides an original beam of first polarization state and a separated beam of a second polarization state. The separated beam of second polarization state is passed through a quarter-wave retarder to provide circular polarization of the beam, which polarization is then reversed by impingement of the separated beam upon a reflector. The beam of reversed circular polarization from the reflector is then passed through a second quarter-wave retarder, which changes the polarization to the linear polarization state of the original beam from the polarizing beam splitter. The two are then transmitted with a small cone angle along side by side substantially parallel paths to a beam expanding lens that enlarges the light source image to a size that illuminates the entire face of the liquid crystal light valve of the projecting system.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a simplified illustration of components of a prior art liquid crystal light valve projection system;
FIGS. 2, 2a and 2b illustrate components of a liquid crystal light valve projection system employing an improved light recovery arrangement;
FIG. 3 illustrates a modification of the system of FIG. 2 arranged to provide light of a different polarization state; and
FIGS. 4a and 4b illustrate certain alternate configurations of the polarization recovery system.
Illustrated in FIG. 1 is a simplified transmissive liquid crystal projector system employing an active matrix liquid crystal module. High intensity light from a source, such as an arc lamp 10, is directed along light paths 12a, 12b, 12c to a polarizing beam splitter prism 14, which transmits light of a first linear polarization state and reflects light of a second linear polarization state. Thus, for example, polarized light of P state is transmitted by the prism 14 along light paths generally indicated at 16a, 16b, and 16c, whereas light of S polarization state is reflected from the prism along light paths indicated at 18a, 18b and 18c. Light of P polarization state is transmitted to an active matrix liquid crystal light valve 20 which includes an array or matrix of thin film transistors that are selectively operated in a predetermined spatial pattern to allow the polarized light to strike the face of the liquid crystal light valve module 20 and to be transmitted therethrough in a selected imaging pattern. Light transmitted through the liquid crystal light valve module is indicated by optical paths 24a, 24b and 24c, and transmitted to a projection lens 26 for projection on an imaging screen 28.
Light of polarization state S is reflected from the polarizing beam splitter 14 and may be completely lost or discarded. This light may comprise fifty percent of the input light provided from the source 10.
Prior arrangements for recovery of the otherwise discarded light of polarization state S have included a recovery system (not shown) in which the S state polarized light is passed through a half-wave retarder that changes the light of S state polarization to light of P state polarization. This changed polarization light is then fed along a suitable folded optical path, being reflected from a surface positioned at an angle of nearly 45� to the main beam path, so as to impinge upon the surface on the face of the liquid crystal module 20. The recovered beam is directed so as to converge, at the face of the liquid crystal module 20, with the beam transmitted directly from the polarization recovery prism 14. Thus, the prior art recovery system images the two converging beams on the face of the liquid crystal module. As mentioned above, such prior recovery systems do not produce a truly collimated beam, are highly non-achromatic and are neither compact nor simple.
Applicants have provided an improved polarized light recovery system employing two quarter-wave retarders which are much more efficient and have a more linear or flat response across the visible spectrum.
A simplified projection system employing the improved polarized light recovery system of the present invention is illustrated in FIG. 2. Separate portions of the system of FIG. 2 are shown in enlarged view in FIGS. 2a and 2b. Light from a high intensity light source 40, which may be a xenon arc lamp for example, is fed along the light paths indicated at 42a, 42b, 42c to a polarizing beam splitting prism 44 (FIB. 2b), which passes light of P state polarization along paths indicated at 46a, 46b, 46c. Light of polarization state S is reflected from the polarizing beam splitter along paths 48a, 48b, 48c to a polarizing light recovery device, generally indicated at 50 (FIGS. 2a and 2b). This polarizing light recovery device is shown separately in FIG. 2a. The polarizing recovery device basically comprises a right angle prism having an input face 52, an output face 54 positioned at a right angle to the input face and having the same size as the input face, and an inclined hypotenuse 56 forming a reflective surface of the system that extends at 45� with respect to each of the input and output faces. The hypotenuse 56 is coated with a suitable reflective silver coating to optimize reflection. Mounted upon and suitably adhered to the input face 52 is a first quarter-wave retarder 58. A second quarter-wave retarder 60 is mounted upon and suitably adhered to the output face 54.
Referring to FIGS. 2a and 2b, the polarization recovery system prism 50 is positioned immediately adjacent one surface of the polarizing beam splitter 44 to receive the S state polarization light reflected by the beam splitter along paths 48a, 48b and 48c. This light of S polarization state, in passing through the quarter-wave retarder 58, is circularly polarized by the action of the quarter-wave retarder, and then passes to the silvered reflecting surface 56 of the recovery prism 50. Reflection from surface 56 reverses the direction of circular polarization of the light and passes this reversed circularly polarized light along paths 64a, 64b and 64c to the second or output quarter-wave retarder 60. The latter operates on the reversely circularly polarized light to linearly polarize the light, providing it with a single P state polarization that is transmitted from the recovery device along paths 68a, 68b and 68c. The second quarter-wave retarder 60 restores polarization from the reversely circularly polarized condition to a linear condition, wherein the polarization vector exactly matches (is aligned with) the vector of the originally linearly polarized light. Thus, effectively, the combination of polarizing beam splitter 44 and polarization recovery device 50 provide (a) an original beam of single polarization P on paths 46, and (b) a separated beam of P polarization along paths 68. The paths of the original beam (paths 46a, b, c) and the separated beam (paths 68a, b, c) are parallel to one another. The polarization of the separated beam (in paths 68) is precisely aligned with the polarization of the P state light (in paths 46). To ensure precision alignment of the polarization vectors of the two beams 46,68, the polarization alignment of the beam on paths 68 may be readily adjusted, as by adjustably rotating the quarter-wave retarder 60 about an axis normal to its surface. An anti-reflective coating 70 (FIGS. 2 and 2b) is applied to the output faces of both the polarizing beam splitter 44 and the polarized light recovery prism 50.
The two beams from the polarizing beam splitter 44 and polarizing light recovery prism 50 are collimated and diverge at a small cone angle, which is in the order of 3� to 4 1/2�. These beams are fed to a beam expansion or enlarging lens 72 so that each of the parallel beam parts, that provided along paths 46 and that provided along paths 68, impinges upon a different part of the lens 72. The two parallel beam parts are closely adjacent each other but have no significant overlap. Lens 72 combines and further expands the two collimated beams of P polarization state to direct them to impinge upon the full area of an active matrix liquid crystal module 76. Polarized light of a single polarization state incident upon the liquid crystal module is passed in a selected spatial pattern according to the selective activation of the transistor array that controls the liquid crystal module. Light transmitted through the liquid crystal module is directed to a projection lens 78, which provides further expansion and projects the desired image upon a screen 80.
Quarter-wave retarders are readily available with a flat chromatic transmissivity across the entire visible spectrum, and thus little or no chromatic variation is introduced by the recovery prism. The reflective surface 56 of the recovery prism is positioned at precisely 45� with respect to the direction of the optical light path in the projection axis. Therefore the original beam of P state polarization and the separated beam of P state polarization, the first from the polarization beam splitter 44 and the second from the recovery prism 50, are precisely parallel to one another. This feature, combined with the adjustable alignment of the polarization vector of the separate beam output from the recovery prism 50, provides for precisely equal alignment of the polarization vector of all of the light impinging upon the liquid crystal module. The two parallel beam portions are combined by passage through different portions of the enlarging lens 72. Thus it is not necessary to cause the two beams to converge for combination on a common area, as in the prior art. The arrangement enables the cone angle of the two parallel beams to be at a sufficiently small value so as to avoid waste of any of this light, all of which impinges on the liquid crystal module face. Little or none of the light is caused to pass beyond the boundaries of the liquid crystal module. There is no half-wave retarder for depolarizing any of the light, and thus high efficiency of operation of the liquid crystal module is maintained.
In a particular embodiment of the system illustrated in FIG. 2, light from the arc lamp 40 is directed to the input face of the polarizing beam splitter 44 by means of a bundle of optical fibers (not shown) which is provided with a square output face that may be precisely congruent with the square input face of the polarizing beam splitter. This input face, for example, may be one quarter inch square, with the beam expanding lens 72 providing an expansion of the combined beams to precisely and fully cover the approximately one and one-half inch square face of the liquid crystal module 76. The projection lens may thus readily provide a full brightness image on a six inch square screen 180. This embodiment has been developed for an aircraft cockpit display, but of course is readily adapted to displays of other configurations and larger sizes, including systems for projection of images on screens in the order of ten to fifteen feet square.
An exemplary system embodying principles of the present invention provides a display that is readable in sunlight in a fighter aircraft application, and has a six inch square screen with a brightness of 1500 fl and a contrast ratio in sunlight of 35:1. The light recovery prism in this exemplary application provides an 87% efficiency in conversion of unpolarized light into usable vertically polarized achromatic light within the F/9.5 acceptance angle of the projection lens.
The described polarization recovery prism, which has been shown in its application to a projection system that uses an active matrix transmissive liquid crystal module, is readily adaptable to any system requiring an efficient source of light of a single polarization state. Thus, principles of the invention as described herein are readily applicable to a projection system, for example, employing a reflective liquid crystal light valve.
The system illustrated in the drawings is shown as a monochromatic system for convenience of illustration. It will be readily appreciated, however, that the described polarization light recovery arrangement is equally applicable to a full color liquid crystal projection system.
Illustrated in FIG. 3 is a slight modification of the system of FIG. 2 that is configured for providing light of a single S state polarization, whereas the system of FIG. 2 provides light of a single P state polarization. Components in FIG. 3, that are the same as or similar to components of FIG. 2, are identified by the same reference numerals, but have the added prefix 1, so that lamp 40 of FIG. 2 corresponds to lamp 140 of FIG. 3, for example. Unpolarized light from an arc lamp 140 is fed to a polarizing beam splitter 144, which reflects light of S state polarization along paths 146a, 146b, 146c to a beam expansion lens 172. Light of P polarization state is transmitted through the polarizing beam splitter to a light recovery prism 150, having a first quarter-wave retarder 158, a 45� angle reflective surface 156 and an output quarter-wave retarder 160. The polarization recovery prism accordingly provides a recovered beam of polarization state S along paths 168a, 168b and 168c, which is directed to a second portion of the expanding lens 172 along paths immediately adjacent and precisely parallel to the path of the original light beam 146. The remainder of the system is the same. Light from the beam expanding lens 172 is expanded to be incident upon the full active face of active matrix liquid crystal module 176, from whence it is transmitted to projection lens 178 for further expansion and projection upon a display screen 180.
By making the prism components twice as wide as they are tall, as indicated in FIG. 4a, the resulting output light beam footprint, shown in FIG. 4b, will be square, although other proportions are possible. This particular arrangement is especially useful for a collimated beam. Thus FIG. 4a shows the output face of a polarizing beam splitter 244 adjacent to the output face of a polarizing recovery prism 250, each of which has a dimension in the horizontal direction (as viewed in FIG. 4a) that is twice its vertical dimension. The two combined parallel and side by side beams thus provide a combined square footprint 246,268 as shown in FIG. 4b.
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2015 Freshman Orientations
Summer Freshman Orientation for incoming freshman who will be enrolled during the Fall 2015 semester. Please refer to the Incoming Freshman page on this site for further details. All sessions are Thursday through Friday.
Session 1: June 11-12 (CLOSED)
Session 2: June 18-19 (CLOSED)
Session 3: June 25-26 (CLOSED)
Session 4: July 23-24 (CLOSED for students) Additional guests may use the "Additional Parent and Family form".
Session 5: July 30-31
2015 Transfer Orientations
Orientation for transfer students who are entering for either the Summer or Fall 2015 semesters. Please refer to the Incoming Transfer page on this site for further details.
Session 1: May 1
Session 2: July 17 (CLOSED)
Session 3: August 7
These Orientation Sessions last only one day, and the updated prices will be available in December 2015. These dates are for transfer students ONLY.
Summer Orientation 2015
Summer I session - June 5, Baker Pattillo Student Center Multimedia room on 2nd floor, check-in is at 12:30 p.m.
Summer II session - July 13, Baker Pattillo Student Center Multimedia room on 2nd floor, check-in is at 12:30 p.m.
Summer Orientation sessions are for students who are planning to take summer school classes at SFA. It is a free session which will allow you to be advised and register for your summer classes only. This session will not take the place of a Freshman Orientation in order to register for Fall 2015 classes.
Spring Orientation 2015
Spring Orientation is for any student who plans to enroll in spring classes at SFA.
Friday, January 16


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Today is the big day, I will attempt to softmod my Wii in a few hours.
At the moment its a bit daunting but I will follow the guide exactly and hope for the best.
Wish me luck
Hey guys - during Part 1 (WAD INSTALLS), 5 of the 30 WADS did not install. Everything verified OK in the previous step. I am using 4.3U. I've tried to reinstall those but no luck. Any advice on how to proceed would be awesome. Screen shot attached shows WADS marked that didn't install.
Today is the big day, I will attempt to softmod my Wii in a few hours.
At the moment its a bit daunting but I will follow the guide exactly and hope for the best.
Wish me luck
Im stuck, my net downloads slow from mediafire and the file I need wont download.
I think the download times out before its finished transfering?
I am trying to download "ModPack-PAL-E-zip"
But the first time it stopped on 66.3MB of 67MB and the 2nd time (now) it stopped on 53.0MB.
I guess Ill try again and again but it doesn't look very promising.
I don't really want to search google and download it from somewhere else in case its different or fake and end up harming the Wii in the process.
Got it on the 3rd try, about a hour+ downloading total to finally get it.
Last edited by 2DIE; 05-30-2012 at 06:56 PM.
After problems a couple of weeks ago, I was finally able to set this up on the same SD card I was using before. This is a very straight forward, great guide. Thank you for it. I do however have a question. Now that the whole soft mod is set up; is there some option inside the priiloader or anything else where I can enable the use of say, a 32GB SDHC card? Or is that just possible without doing anything now? Thank you for any information provided.
Edit: Also, is there a list on wiihacks.com where compatible SD cards/USB flash drives/hard drives are listed? Thank you.
Last edited by Wiizor; 05-31-2012 at 10:51 AM.
Last edited by pzelak; 05-31-2012 at 04:04 PM.
Hi , I had a previously softmoded Wii with twilight game ages ago and I had done some updates manually and not guided from you experts today O started to use your softmode guide but in the first step of installing IOS the IOS 61 can't be installed I checked my own IOS version and saw my Wii already had IOS61-v5662 while yours is v5661 !!!!! should I be worried? have I done something to near brick my Wii or should I just ignore it?
Everything worked perfectly as always thanks you guys are beasts!
Hi guys! I have just tried to hack THIS Wii:
Amazon.com: Wii Black Console with New Super Mario Brothers Wii and Music CD: Video Games
And I have been following the smash stack guide since I am on 4.3u....and I have extracted everything to the card, deleted all custom stages, went back to the main menu, entered the card....and then when I go back to the stage builder nothing happens except it slowly freezing...so I just unplugged my wii and removed the sd and my wii is fine now...except now I'm not sure what I'm diong wrong to hack it?
I have this sd card:
Amazon.com: SanDisk 2GB SD Flash Memory Card SDSDB-002G-B35,Black: Electronics
and YES, I formatted it to FAT32. Please help! I've done this on a white wii before and it worked fine!
It should all work, you must be making some mistake. Why not just use letter bomb anyhow? Try that and see if it works for you.
But Letter Bomb only works with 4.3...not 4.3u. It says so in the guide
oh wait...so it's 4.3u...u is just the region. Thanks!
Last edited by BluPhant; 06-01-2012 at 12:47 PM.


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You are a law unto yourself at the moment. You believe you can get away with anything. However, just because you are able to break the rules does not mean you have to. Is there another way?
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November 27, 2012 | 5:00am
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