text:
A system is provided comprising a plurality of listings, a plurality of labels associated with at least some of the listings. Additionally, a plurality of form inputs are provided, each associated with one of the labels, wherein selection of a form input causes a transition of the associated label from a first state to a second state. The system further includes a link that is made active upon the transition, thereby associating an action with a label wherein a first description is displayed in the first state and a second description is displayed in the second state.
1. A system comprising:
a plurality of listings;
a plurality of labels associated with at least some of said listings;
a plurality of form inputs, each associated with one of said labels, wherein selection of a form input causes a transition of the associated label from a first state to a second state; and
a link that is made active upon the transition, thereby associating an action with a label,
wherein a first description is displayed in the first state and a second description is displayed in the second state, said first and second description having substantially the same location.
2. The system of
3. The system of
4. The system of
5. The system of
6. The system of
a script for characterizing said plurality of form inputs to a plurality of predetermined categories.
7. The system of
8. The system of
9. The system of
10. A method comprising:
providing by a computing device a plurality of listings on a page;
associating a plurality of labels with at least some of said listings;
associating a plurality of form inputs with one of said labels, wherein selection of a form input causes a transition of the associated label from a first state to a second state, wherein said first state displays a first description and said second state displays a second description; and
providing a link for at least one label, said link becoming enabled upon a transition of an associated label to said second state, wherein said first and second description are provided on the page with substantially the same location.
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
14. A system comprising:
a plurality of listings divided on at least two pages, wherein at least one of said pages is accessible by a first link;
a plurality of labels associated with at least some of said listings, each of said labels having a first state and a second state, wherein said first state displays a first description and said second state displays a second description, said first and second description having substantially the same location;
a plurality of form inputs associated with at least some of said labels, wherein selection of one of said form inputs transitions the associated label from said first state to said second state, said transition activating a second link; and
wherein selecting said second link provides an action page comprising at least some of said listings associated with said labels having form inputs that are selected.
15. The system of
16. The system of
17. The system of
18. The system of
19. The system of
20. The system of
The present application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/060,209, entitled "METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SELECTION OF ENHANCED BUSINESS INFORMATION FROM WEBSITES, BUSINESS PROFILES AND ADVERTISING PRODUCTS", and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/060,243, entitled "IMPROVING SEARCH RELEVANCE AND YELLOW PAGE CLASSIFICATION INTEGRATION BY USING BUSINESS PROFILE CONTENT AND VERTICAL INDUSTRY TEMPLATES", both filed Feb. 17, 2005, and also U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/948,425, entitled "BUSINESS RATING PLACEMENT HEURISTIC", filed on Sep. 23, 2004, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/680,952, entitled "INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM", filed on Oct. 8, 2003, and which further claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/505,597, entitled "INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM", filed Sep. 24, 2003, and also U.S. application Ser. No. 10/800,887, filed Mar. 15, 2004, titled "INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND METHOD UTILIZING A POSITION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR", and also U.S. application Ser. No. 10/801,156, filed Mar. 15, 2004, titled "INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND METHOD UTILIZING A POSITION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR", and also U.S. application Ser. No. 10/800,444, filed Mar. 15, 2004, titled "INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND METHOD UTILIZING A POSITION ADJUSTMENT FACTOR". The contents and teachings of each of these applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
A typical search on the World Wide Web, e.g., on a shopping web site, provides results that may be so numerous that a list of the results may require a user to scroll through the list and/or navigate many pages in order to see all of the results. The results are typically viewed by the user to determine whether there are any listings of interest; e.g., items for purchase, user reviews, ratings, coupons, business profile information, products, auction items, etc. The user may be interested only in a single listing in a set of search results. However, some web sites allow a user to select multiple listings in a set of results and compare the listings in order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the user's decisions, e.g., to purchase a listing. For example, as is known, selection of a plurality of listings in what may be referred to as a "compare operation" may cause information about the listing to be displayed in a chart or table in a web page.
Unfortunately, known compare operations suffer from a number of shortcomings. For example, a user may be provided a list of web search results having on the order of one hundred (100) listings that match a search query. The user must scroll through the list of listings to determine which listings to view in greater detail and/or compare to other listings. When the user decides that a listing is worth comparing to other listings, present systems and methods require that the user click a standard check box or the like in a graphical user interface (GUI) indicating that the user wants the listing to be compared to other listings. However, the selection of the checkbox (or similar input mechanism) does not initiate the compare operation itself.
Once the user has selected, i.e., checked, the desired checkboxes or the like, present web pages require that the user then visually search the web page for compare links at the top and/or the bottom of a web page providing search results. A compare link, when selected, initiates a compare operation for the selected results. However, depending upon the number of the results, the user may disadvantageously and inefficiently have to scroll an unwieldy distance through the web page in order to find the compare links because the present systems and methods typically locate such links at the beginning or end of the results list. The additional scrolling and searching required to locate a compare link is time consuming, annoying, and may in fact prevent the user from searching, comparing, and purchasing.
Thus, present systems and methods for comparing listings in search results are cumbersome and inflexible. In a large set of results, once a user has selected all of the listings he or she wishes to compare to one another, the user must wade through the results until a compare link is found. This is particularly difficult if the listings chosen for comparison are located near the middle of a page of results. When scrolling long distances, the user may become tired or disoriented, thus making the review of search results inefficient and impractical. Such disadvantages may, for example, dissuade a shopper from using a compare feature in a shopping web site because of the difficulty of making selections, and may prevent selection of search results including purchases based on search results.
According to some previous attempts to solve the foregoing problems a new input mechanism, e.g. a button, is dynamically created next to a listing (on the far right hand side) when it is selected for comparison. This button may be used to initiate a compare operation. However, a serious and common problem in creating new buttons is that when the new buttons appear outside the area that the user is perusing (that is, the selection area), or drawn on a portion of the page not typically used for listing search results, the user may not see the new buttons at all, or the new buttons may be confusing. Such a button is generally not fully drawn on the visible portion of the page depending upon the width of a browser window. Therefore, a user must scroll the page to the right in order to see such new buttons. Moreover, such scrolling occurs only if the user realizes that the newly added buttons exist and are to be used to compare listings. Because the buttons appear physically farther away from the selection area, the user may never see the appearance of the buttons. Moreover, if the button is placed over the listing description, which is often the case due to the limited amount of space available, the layout may be compromised by reducing the amount of information presented about each product that the user is reading to base the compare decision upon. Thus, an additional button that takes away descriptive information creates a situation in which the user is less informed in making a decision based on the comparison of listings in the search results.
New buttons may further distract a user because the user must determine what actions the buttons perform and why the buttons appeared in the first place. Even by looking at and studying new buttons, the user may not know what functions the buttons may activate. This may lead the user to ignore new buttons. The end result of such new buttons is the confusion and frustration of the user.
Accordingly, there is a need for a solution that minimizes the amount of scrolling required by a user wishing to compare products. Such a solution would preferably afford the initiation of a comparison of selected listings from within a set of results. Such a solution would also preferably permit a comparison to be initiated near each selected listing or group of listings. Further, it would be a preferable feature that an input mechanism minimize user of space while still being easily manipulated. Additionally, it would be preferable that the solution appear in the same general location as the selection area so that the user's eyes are already fixed on the location. It would also be desirable that the comparison label be available immediately after any listing is selected. Preferably, the solution would allow for a variety of displayed text or graphics depending on the status of an associated form input with the enablement of an action.
The features and inventive aspects will become apparent upon reading the following detailed description, claims, and drawings, of which the following is a brief description:
Referring now to the drawings, illustrative embodiments are shown in detail. Although the drawings represent certain embodiments, the drawings are not necessarily to scale and certain features may be exaggerated to better illustrate and explain an innovative aspect of an embodiment. Further, the embodiments described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or otherwise limiting to the precise form and configuration shown in the drawings and disclosed herein.
Referring to
Web server 12 may include any web server hardware and/or software such as will be known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment web server 12 includes a computer using the Linux operating system, but those skilled in the art will recognize that any of a number of known operating systems, e.g., Windows�, Unix, etc., could be used in the context of system 10.
Data store 14 may be a relational database, a file system, or any other electronic data storage system known to those skilled in the art. In one embodiment, data store 14 includes a relational database software program that executes on a server computer using the Linux operating system. For example, in one embodiment, the relational database software program is MySQL, although those skilled in the art will recognize that data store 14 could include a wide variety of relational database programs. Further, those skilled in the art will recognize that data store 14 could include multiple software programs and/or multiple computers, and further that data store 14 could be implemented using any one of a number of known computer operating systems. Moreover, some embodiments include more than one data store 14.
Server 12, data store 14, and clients 18 generally communicate over network 16. Network 16 may be a private and/or public data network such as the Internet, a telecommunications wireless network, a local area network, a wide-area network, or any other type of network such as is known to those skilled in the art. Moreover, network 16 may be a combination of these or other different types of networks. Further, network 16 may be wireless, wired, or some combination of wired and wireless. System 10 is not restricted to a particular type of network 16. Moreover, system 10 is particularly advantageous in that, in embodiments in which network 16 is the Internet, system 10 is not restricted to a particular wireless network or standard. Any client 18 that can access the Internet can access system 10.
Generally speaking, client 18 enables users to access information stored in data store 14. In some embodiments, client 18 may access data computed from data stored in client 18 or some other component of system 10 instead of or in addition to accessing data stored in data store 14. For example, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, data store 14 could include a relational database capable of executing stored procedures that are called by a program accessible from client 18. Also, client 18 could contain a cache of data likely to be requested by a user. Client 18 may be any computing device capable of displaying a listing and capable of connection to a network, including a desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, tablet computer, handheld computer, personal digital assistant, cellular telephone, etc. Functionality provided by client 18 in various embodiments is described further below. Most embodiments include a plurality of clients 18.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art will recognize that the various processes described herein with reference to client 18 and server 12, including data store 14, may be implemented at least in part as instructions executable by one or more computers. In general, a processor (e.g., a microprocessor) receives instructions, e.g., from a memory or other computer-readable medium, and executes those instructions, thereby performing one or more processes, including one or more of the processes described herein. Such instructions may be stored and transmitted using a variety of known computer-readable media.
A computer-readable medium includes any medium that participates in providing data (e.g., instructions) which may be read by a computer. Such a medium may take many forms, including, but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks and other persistent memory. Volatile media include dynamic random access memory (DRAM), which typically constitutes a main memory. Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise a system bus coupled to the processor. Transmission media may include or convey acoustic waves, light waves and electromagnetic emissions, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, an EPROM, a FLASH-EEPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer can read.
Referring now to
A user typically browses list 20 and views brief descriptions 26, each associated with listings 22, in order to decide whether or not to select listing 22 using form input 28. Each listing 22 is preferably associated with form input 28 and a dynamic label 30. However, it is foreseeable that some listings 22 may be placed in list 20 yet may not be associated with form input 28, dynamic label 30, or either, for various reasons, e.g., such as the unavailability of a listing or the expiration of descriptive content.
List 20 is assembled onto a web page 21 illustrated in
In one embodiment, form input 28 is embodied as a check box, known to those skilled in the art. Form input 28 allows a user to select various listings 22 by clicking the box in order to check the box using an input device such as a mouse, trackball, touch pad, pointer, etc. Thus, when form input 28 is checked a selection is made of the associated selected listing 22. Form input 28 allows a user to scroll through list 20 and determine which listings 22 are to be grouped together for a future action, e.g., comparison. Form input 28 may also be unchecked if a user decides to exclude the associated listing 22 from the future action.
Product information fields may include the product name, manufacturer, model, color, style, a unique identifier string, or similar characteristic information related to the product. Selection information is generally a repository of collected information that identifies to client 18, and/or server 12, which listings 22 have been selected and other attributes that are necessary or desired related to the selections. The selection information is discussed in detail below regarding
In some embodiments an invisible link associated with form input 28, discussed above, triggers execution of a script by client 18 that may perform certain functions. These functions may include selecting or deselecting form input 28, as is known in the art, and/or counting the number of form inputs 28 that are selected on a page. The counting function may be used at least to determine whether or not to change the state of the associated dynamic label 30 as is explained in detail below with respect to
Dynamic label 30 includes a label text 32 and the possibility for an action (not shown) to be taken when dynamic label 30 is clicked by a user. Label text 32 may dynamically change, based on events related to dynamic label 30, or listing 22, or both, using JavaScript or other programming techniques known to those skilled in the art. Server 12 provides client 18 with web page 21 that includes label texts 32, 34 in both forms. The change from label text 32 to label text 34 is typically performed on client 18 using a script that is also provided by server 12 with web page 21. The change to dynamic label 30 may also be performed on the server 12. However, some disadvantages of changing or updating dynamic label 30 on the server 12 may include an increased load on server 12 for processing the information as well as increased traffic on network 16. Some advantages to server 12 processing may be near real-time tracking of the selection of listings 22.
Because dynamic label 30 is associated with listing 22, any change to the status of listing 22 or associated form input 28 may trigger a change in dynamic label 30. For example, as shown in
Dynamic label 30 also provides an action when clicked. The action that is discussed here is intended to encompass the action taken when a user clicks dynamic label 30. For example, when a user clicks dynamic label 30, in some embodiments a link is sent to server 12 that informs server 12 that a comparison operation is to be performed on the selected listings 22. Server 12 in turn prepares and transmits a new page to client 18 that includes the selected listings 22 in a comparison format. However, the action is not limited to a comparison function.
The action is dependent upon the state of dynamic label 30 whose state is in turn dependent upon the associated form input 28, label text 32, and the status of listing 22. That is to say, dynamic label 30 may change state, depending on the rules defined for the particular embodiment, when the associated form input 28 changes state, e.g., form input 28 is checked. In one embodiment, the action is null when form input 28 is unselected (unchecked). That is to say, there is no action taken. Thus, when dynamic label 30 is clicked, no action is taken on any of listings 22 that are selected. On the other hand, when form input 28 is selected, e.g., checked, and another listing 22 is also selected, then the action taken is to compare every listing 22 having form input 28 selected.
In addition to the embodiments listed in
Referring now to
Second state 524, entered by selection of form input 28 and state transition 526, displays second label text 34 and may take a second action when clicked. Second state 524 is similar to first state 522 in that actions may be taken and label texts 32, 34 may be displayed. Key differences may be found in the actions and label texts 32, 34 that are assigned to each of first state 522 and second state 524. In this embodiment, second label text 34 announces to a user that dynamic label 30 is used to "compare products," as shown in
Alternatively, dynamic label 30 may change based on other information such as the availability of listing 22 and/or that the maximum number of listings allowed for comparison has been reached, i.e., information other than simply the state of form input 28. Thus, any number of actions could be taken for any combination of inputs. For example, a listing 22 that is selected may become unavailable while a user is selecting other listings 22; e.g., out of stock. In this case, the second action taken by server 12 may be to provide a new page with dynamic label 30 disabled for the particular listing 22. Alternatively, dynamic label 30 may be relabeled "out of stock," or "backordered." In these cases, the second action performed by server 12 is very different from the compare function that a user requested. However, a user may decide to compare the remaining listings by clicking the dynamic label 30 associated with one of the remaining listings. Additionally, dynamic label 30 may be embodied as text, boxed text, or a graphic, or a combination of embodiments. Further, the message provided by label text 34 may be updated or changed with or without notice to the user. For example, label text 34 may include information concerning the number of selections that have been made—in the case of the exemplary comparison feature, label text 34 may indicate the number of listings that have currently been selected for comparison ("Click to compare—3 items selected")—which may be updated for all label text 34 on page 21 upon further selection/deselection of listings 22 by the user. Further, label text 34 may be embodied as an icon or symbol.
Additionally, form input 28 may be automatically deselected in an embodiment, for example, when a compare operation is requested when a listing is, or becomes, out of stock. Alternatively, form input may be sent initially in second state 524, i.e., pre-selected, if the programming of server 12 decides that listing 22 should be showcased, e.g., a new item or a best seller. In other ways, form input 28 may become selected if a user initiates a "select all" link that may appear on web page 21 (not illustrated). Similarly, form input 28 may become deselected if a user initiates an "unselect all" link that may appear on web page 21 (not illustrated). Further, a process operating on client 18 may only allow a limited number of listings 22 to be selected. Thus, selection of form input 28 may not be allowed by client 18. As a result, form input 28 may become selected or deselected through an action by a user, by server 12, or by client 18 independently of the user.
Referring now to
List 20′ provides a number of items for sale as listings 22, 22′, 22″. This embodiment is to be compared with the embodiment of
Further, when list 20, 20′ spans more than one page, a next link 50, a back link 52, or both, may appear on the page to allow a user to fully traverse list 20 in order to select listings 22 for comparison. When a user traverses list 20′, server 12 may receive and store aggregate selection information based on whether or not form inputs 28 are selected. The selection information is passed to other pages by the next link 50, or back link 52, in order to traverse multiple pages, through server 12. The passing of information may be accomplished in various ways know to those skilled in the art, e.g., through back link 52 and next link 50, a set of hidden values on the page, cookies, or parameters that are passed through a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) string so that the newly rendered page may maintain the selection information from previous pages, etc.
When spanning multiple pages, aggregate information may be collected for the selection information of each listing 22 that has been selected for all pages that a user has viewed. The aggregate information may include a unique identifier for the particular listing 22, and may also include relative information such as an index within the full list 20 or the page number that listing 22 appeared on. The aggregate information may also include the total number of selected listings 22 for all pages 21, and/or the total number of listings 22 selected for the present page 21. Server 12 may use this information to determine the efficacy of the order of listings 22, e.g., that more listings 22 are selected on the first page when a user has looked at four (4) pages indicates that the ordering is appropriate. In general, aggregate information is a collection of identifying characteristics related to list 20, as well as other information related to the user of client 18.
The aggregate information is important for an embodiment that chooses to maintain a store, e.g., a list or compilation, of selected listings 22 and transfer the store from page to page; e.g., a first page to a second or third page, etc. That is to say, the if the user were to check a box on the first page, the identifying information of the checked box (a unique identifier for the particular listing 22) is moved from page to page, either by scripts on client 18 or by transmitting the information to server 12, until the comparison function is invoked. In aggregating the information, efficiencies may be gained by not having to count all of the selected listings 22 each time another listing 22 is selected on another page. As information is aggregated, additional selections may be added to the aggregate by client 18. The information related to the count of selected listings 22 may be updated without having to count each and every listing 22 again that had been previously selected. Thus, client 18 may efficiently maintain the aggregate information and server 12 need not use resources for tracking a particular user's selection information. However, when an action is requested, such as a compare action, server 12 will, of course, use the aggregate information to build a compare page with the selected listings 22.
Typically, a user selects one, a plurality, or none of the products listed on a page and then clicks on next link 50 or back link 52. The selected product identifications as well as the thread identification may then be passed in a URL string, known to those skilled in the art. This accumulated information related to selection of listings 22 is then also sent to server 12 when the compare link is activated. Thus, the compare function can use the aggregate information that is sent in the URL string, by client 18 to server 12, to identify which listings 22 the comparison should be performed upon. Such aggregate information, as discussed above, is preferably stored by client 18 by hidden values on web page 21 or by cookies. However, in one embodiment, server 12 may track all selection information. Alternatively, both client 18 and server 12 may track the aggregate information.
By providing dynamic label 30 advantageously associated with listing 22, embodiments discussed herein reduce the effort required by a user to take an action on a list of listings 22. By providing dynamic label 30 with the ability to change label text 32 and actions, dynamic label 30 advantageously eliminates the need to scroll up or down a page to locate a specific action button, e.g., "compare." Rather, dynamic label 30, located near the listings 22, when clicked, triggers an action such as "compare" operation by server 12. Thus, when finished selecting listings 22, a user may immediately "click" dynamic label 30 to perform the action announced by label text 32. In this manner, dynamic label 30 affords a comparison action from within the results of a search rather than at the beginning or end of the list. Also, dynamic label 30 advantageously occupies only a small amount of space on a page. For example, in one embodiment a "check box", e.g., form input 28, is located near the upper left corner of listing 22 and dynamic label 30 is placed below the "check box." In such a configuration, dynamic label 30 occupies a minimum of space on page 21. (See
Further, because dynamic label 30 updates label text 32 and the click action, the compare action is immediately available after every selection at the location of the selection. Label text 32 advantageously announces to a user what the action will be if dynamic label 30 is clicked. Additionally, when scrolling through list 20, each dynamic label 30 offers a user an opportunity to initiate an action while scrolling through list 20. This provides that, even if a user strays from any of selected listings 22, that a user can initiate an action by scrolling back through list 20 to selected listings 22, 22′, 22″ rather than going to the beginning or end of the listing.
Embodiments disclosed herein facilitate shopping by providing a simple and intuitive compare link at the location of form input 28. Because dynamic label 30 is located next to form input 28, the eyes of a user are already fixed on dynamic label 30 at that location. Thus, there is no chance that a user will not see dynamic label 30 when a change occurs in label text 32. Rather than popping up new buttons in different locations, embodiments of the present invention provide for a changed label at the same location. Confusion of users is avoided because the change to label text 32 is done right before the eyes of a user.
Additionally, because label text 32, 34 changes in place, rather than having a new button placed on web page 21, space on web page 21 is advantageously conserved. For the designers of the web page, or form, the width constraint is no longer tied to the compare button, or top and bottom compare buttons, or both. In any event, dynamic label 30 saves significant space by providing changes to label text 32 associated with an action where these changes may be done "in place." Thus a new button is not required and the page layout may be further optimized without using space for the compare operation.
To conserve space on web page 21, dynamic label 30 is able to replace first label text 32 in its place with second label text 34. This replacement scheme provides that a minimum of web page 21 space is used when second label text 34 is placed where the former label text 32 existed. However, dynamic label 30 may encounter situations where there is no change to label text 32 after a selection of the associated listing 22; e.g., if the associated listing 22 is the only listing 22 selected when dynamic label 30 is configured to initiate a compare operation, no change in state is needed to enable the compare functionality.
When label text 32 changes to second label text 34, the position of second label text 34 may be calculated in order to appropriately position second label text 34. The positioning may be performed in a number of ways including aligning the center location or left justification at the same position as the first letter of old label text 32. However, for best visual aesthetic, alignment of the center location is preferred. The center location, in an embodiment, may be the geometric center of the label text as is known to those skilled in the art. However, other embodiments may define the center location as the center of a graphic, e.g. a picture, that contains label text 32, 34. Further, the center location may include constraints to avoid placing label text 32, 34 over a portion of web page 21, form input 28, and/or listing 22.
In step 554, a determination is made as to whether a second label text 34 is required (explained in detail with respect to
In step 556, the center location for second label text 34 is determined. The process then proceeds to step 558.
In step 558, display of a second label text 34 is required. When dynamic label 30 changes state, the second label text 34 is to be placed at the same center location as the center location of the first label text 32. In other words, placement of second label text 34 is at the same location as first label text 32, i.e., second label text 34 is provided over the same over the area that first label text 32 occupied. Thus, dynamic label 30 need not be relocated and the changing of label texts 32, 34 occupies no more space on web page 21 than is necessary. Of course, if second label text 34 has significantly more characters than first label text 32, more space may be occupied. However, in such a case, the font size of second label text 34 may be reduced so that approximately the same area is needed for second label text 34 as was used by first label text 32. The process ends following step 558.
In step 504, the status of form input 28 is determined by client 18. In one embodiment, form input 28 is a "check box" that allows a user to select or unselect listing 22 by checking the box (illustrated in detail above with respect to
In step 506 a second label text 34 is displayed for a dynamic label 30. (See
In step 604, dynamic label 30 is prepared to trigger a first action if clicked. As illustrated in
In step 606, the status of form input 28 is determined by client 18. In one embodiment, form input 28 is a "check box" that allows a user to select or unselect listing 22 by checking the box (illustrated in detail above with respect to
In step 608 second label text 34 is displayed for dynamic label 30. (See
In step 610 dynamic label 30 is associated with listing 22′ and a second action is taken if clicked (explained in detail above with respect to
In step 704 first label text 32 is displayed for dynamic label 30. (See
In step 706, the action for dynamic label 30 while displaying first label text 32 is determined. If dynamic label 30 is clicked, then control proceeds to step 718 where a first action is taken. If dynamic label 30 is not clicked, then no action is taken and control proceeds to step 708. Alternatively, dynamic label 30 may not have an action associated with first label text 32 in which case the comparison will not transfer control to step 718 even if dynamic label 30 is clicked. In the case of such a null action, control bypasses step 706 and control falls through to step 708.
In step 708, the status of form input 28 is determined by client 18. In one embodiment, form input 28 is a "check box" that allows a user to select or unselect listing 22 by checking the box (illustrated in detail above with respect to
In step 710, second label text 34 is displayed for dynamic label 30. (See
In step 712, the action for dynamic label 30 while displaying second label text 34 is determined. If dynamic label 30 is clicked, then control proceeds to step 716 where a second action is taken. If dynamic label 30 is not clicked, then no action is taken and control proceeds to step 714. Alternatively, dynamic label 30 may not have an action associated with second label text 34 in which case the comparison will not transfer control to step 716 even if dynamic label 30 is clicked. In the case of such a null action, control bypasses step 712 and control falls through to step 714.
In step 714, the status of form input 28 is again determined by client 18. If form input 28 is unchecked then control proceeds to step 704. If form input 28 is checked, then control proceeds to step 710.
In step 718, the first action is taken based on a user's "clicking" dynamic label 30 when first label text 32 is displayed. In alternative embodiments, an action may be assigned, such as "view details," as is illustrated in
In step 716 the second action is taken based on a user's "clicking" dynamic label 30 when second label text 34 is displayed. In alternative embodiments, an action may be assigned, such as "view details," as is illustrated in
In step 804 the process counts the number of selected form inputs 28. Form inputs 28 are typically check boxes having a value associated with a checked and unchecked state. (See
In step 806, the process determines whether a plurality of form inputs 28 is selected. If more than one form input 28 is selected, then a compare operation may occur. If only a single form input 28 is selected, a compare operation may not occur because, as should be understood, there must be at least two listings 22 in order to perform a comparison. If the number of form inputs 28 selected is greater than one, control proceeds to step 808. If the number of form inputs 28 selected is not greater than one, the process 800 ends following step 806.
In step 808, dynamic label 30 is transitioned to the second state represented by dynamic label 30. In this case, label text 34 is updated and a link activated. For example, when more than one form input 28 is selected, dynamic label 30 may change label text 32, 34 from a first state of "check to compare" to the second state of "compare products." (See
In addition to the embodiments discussed herein, it is important to note that listings 22 may represent a mixture of comparable items. For example, a user may desire to compare coupons and reviews. Further, a comparison of user reviews and ratings may be desired. Further, dynamic label 30 may provide for the comparison of listings 22 and an aggregation of items outside the current pages. For example, a user may select listings 22 for comparison and use dynamic label 30 to compare the items with a saved aggregation of "favorites" or "wish list" items. Thus, the actions of dynamic label 30 are not limited to the current page or listings 22.
The preceding description has been presented only to illustrate and describe exemplary embodiments of the methods and systems of the claimed invention. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the claimed invention to any precise form disclosed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular system or method to the teachings herein without departing from the scope of the claimed invention. Further, it is anticipated and intended that future developments will occur in the field of information systems, and that the disclosed systems and methods will be incorporated into such future embodiments. Accordingly, it should be understood that the invention is capable of modification and variation and is limited only by the following claims. Therefore, it is intended that the claims appended hereto not be limited to particular embodiment disclosed herein, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims. The invention may be practiced otherwise than is specifically explained and illustrated without departing from its spirit or scope. The scope of the invention is limited solely by the following claims.
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text:
Quick Links
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Stay up-to-date with TCS Bears action!
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2015-2016 Academic Dates
86th Carol Services bring together TCS community
|Wednesday, 21 December 2011
The Trinity College School community gathered on December 17th and 18th to celebrate the 86th Christmas Carol Services.
The service of nine lessons and carols was led by School Chaplain, the Revd. Don Aitchison. The Chapel Choir and bell ringers performed under the direction of Randy Mills. The sacristans are Sharae Edness, Jhanee Finlayson, Sia Mehta, Jan-Henry Sanders and David Taylor.
During the Saturday service for boarding families, the lessons were read by Jake Stoddart, Liv Hodder, Zack Chauvin, Sharae Edness, Emily Bradeen, Olivia Robertson, Cameron Byers and Sophie Roberts. On Sunday, for the day family service, the readers were Joseph White, Conrad Speckert, Justin Morin, Kaspar Shahzada, Emily Ambrose, Josh Chipman, Guillaume Ferrier and Nicole Czegledy. At both services, the ninth lesson was read by Headmaster Stuart Grainger.
Featured vocal soloists during the service included: Carissa Li and Anna Glassco (In the Bleak Midwinter), Jennifer Wen (The Angel Gabriel), and Imani Bawa, Emily Ambrose, Carter Jewett, Basil Southey, Justin Morin and Jennifer Wen (We Three Kings). Ja Yeon Kang accompanied the choir on flute for several carols.
We thank the TCS Parents' Guild volunteers and everyone who purchased the beautiful poinsettias which decorated the Memorial chapel.
As always, the services were a lovely way to join as a community in the spirit of the Christmas season.
Click here to view a video from the services.
Upcoming Events
18 August 2015
Uniform Order Session
18 August 2015 10am
Senior School Preparatory Academy
23 August 2015 - 03 September 2015
Junior School Preparatory Academy
24 August 2015 - 28 August 2015
Guidance Office Re-opens
26 August 2015
|View Full Calendar

subset: commoncrawl


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Steve England Another of nature's wonders
Posted: April 02, 2014|
After a very successful day teaching at Stoke Park I arrived home tired out one evening but full of a feeling of accomplishment as I had been working with pupils from the local school.
They all had a fantastic day in the woods exploring and cooking marshmallows on a camp fire and so on.
Now, anyone who owns a dog, or two, as in my case, will know all too well that no matter what the weather is, or how cold it may be or even how tired out you might feel after a day's work, the dogs "want out" as soon as I pull up on an evening.
The dogs must hear my car's engine driving up the road because as soon as I pull up in my driveway they are barking away, tails wagging as fast as they can, full of excitement to see me.
"Hang on a minute, boys" I said, "let me get in and have a cup of coffee first", knowing full well that they don't understand I'm tired out , they just want "walkies".
Right then! "Let's go," I said.
As we wandered through the woods just looking around at things nothing in particular to be honest, just reflecting on the day. I sat on a big old log and I noticed there were lots of tiny holes in the rotting bark.
So being curious, I peeled the bark off and what I saw was so awesome I felt my heart explode with excitement.
"Wow, that is amazing," I said to my dogs.
"Look at this, it's like looking at a piece of Banksy's artwork carved into a log."
In fact what I had found was something called a beetles breeding gallery. These are created by tiny wood-boring beetles as they chew their way through the rotting bark of an old tree to lay their eggs in the wood.
It's the female beetle that is responsible for this "artwork" as she will carve out a single straight line with her teeth and lay her eggs in the groove she has made.
But what is so fascinating is that when the young beetles hatch they – for some reason, I do not know why – always chew a way out at a 90 degree angle from the groove its parent had carved.
Then they bore out of the bark of the tree and fly or wander off, but what they leave behind in my opinion is one of nature's most incredible pieces of natural wood art. And they make fantastic impressions when taking moulds with putty too.
Steve England is an (RHS) horticulturist, amateur naturalist and chairman of the Stoke Park steering group. He lives in Lockleaze and has spent his whole life at Stoke Park from playing there as a boy to studying its history, wildlife, and pre historic past. You can contact him at email@example.com or visit www.steveengland.co.uk


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Cheltenham Town video: Robins suffer nightmare before Christmas
Posted: December 20, 2012|
Rochdale 4 Cheltenham Town 1
CHELTENHAM Town suffered a nightmare before Christmas, going down 4-1 to a rampant Rochdale side at Spotland this evening.
They trailed 2-0 at the break, but an own goal from central defender Phil Edwards handed them a lifeline in the 48th minute.
Rochdale were far superior however, and they added two more goals to compound the Robins' misery and Mark Yates said immediately after the game: 'Christmas is cancelled'.
Only a virtuoso display from goalkeeper Scott Brown kept the scoreline respectable in the first half.
The Robins' last line of defence made save after save with Rochdale looking capable of scoring with nearly every attack.
Brown made a smart block in the seventh minute, but the way he recovered to touch Andrew Tutte's effort over the bar was a magnificent piece of goalkeeping.
Alan Bennett found himself unmarked to meet a Billy Jones corner three minutes later, but he made a poor contact with his header and it flew harmlessly wide.
Grant led a swift counter attack for the home side in the 12th minute and an attempted clearance cannoned back off Sido Jombati, providing Jason Kennedy with a good chance, but Brown blocked with his legs.
Cheltenham had another sight of goal after quarter of an hour after a mistake from goalkeeper Josh Lillis.
His attempted roll out to a defender was cut out by Shaun Harrad, who rounded the diving goalkeeper, but his low shot was blocked on the line.
Rochdale then took control and Brown had to save from Dele Adebola, who was through one-on-one, with Cheltenham far too open.
Grant cracking a shot against the bar in the 18th minute with Brown a spectator, but he was finally beaten in the 39th minute.
Kennedy broke away on the left and fed Adebola, whose lay-off to Grant left the livewire winger with plenty of work to do.
But he curled a beautiful shot inside the top left corner, giving Brown no chance and it was no more than John Coleman's side deserved.
Brown made yet another save in the 44th minute, denying Kennedy, who cut inside Sido Jombati.
But Rochdale added another in the second minute of stoppage time, with Ashley Grimes curling one into the top right corner.
It was another fine strike and Cheltenham left the pitch for half-time seconds later with bemused looks on their faces.
Mark Yates sent on Jermaine McGlashan and Jeff Goulding at the break, with Marlon Pack and Harrad making way.
Cheltenham were handed an early Christmas gift three minutes into the second period.
Taylor's shot was parried by Lillis and Phil Edwards, under no real pressure, looked set to clear his lines, but he contrived to slice it into his own net.
Bennett popped up at the far post to reach a flick on from Steve Elliott after a lovely Jones cross, but the skipper shot harmlessly wide.
A mistake from Bennett allowed Adebola to run through on goal again in the 57th minute, but Brown was once again equal to it.
Despite their defensive frailties, Cheltenham looked capable of finding a leveller, but Grimes scored his second in the 67th minute, curling another well placed shot inside the bottom right corner.
Less than two minutes later Grant cut inside Jones and shot low across Brown who stopped it, but he could only scoop it to Adebola, who tapped in from almost on the line.
Cheltenham then rediscovered some form of solidity for the remainder of the match, but the damage had been done and Yates was left fuming at his team's ineptitude.
ROCHDALE: J Lillis; R Bennett, R Edwards, P Edwards, K McIntyre; B Grant (R Putterill 82), A Tutte, J Kennedy (I Craney 86), P Cavanagh, A Grimes; D Adebola (G Donnelly 75). Subs not used: J Rafferty, B Barry-Murphy, M Pearson, B Smith.
CHELTENHAM TOWN: S Brown; S Jombati, A Bennett, S Elliott, B Jones; R Penn, M Pack (J McGlashan 46), D Carter, J Taylor (D Duffy 67); S Harrad (J Goulding 46), C Zebroski. Subs not used: K Lowe, S Deering, C Roberts, L D'Ath.
REFEREE: M Naylor.
STAR MAN: Scott Brown.
To see how the action unfolded, click below:


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August 2, 2015
HONOLULU - The Obama administration says a December surge has propelled health insurance sign-ups through the federal government's website past the 1 million mark.
Independent experts say when numbers for state-run markets are reported, the combined enrollment should total at about 2 million people. That would be about two-thirds of the administration's original goal of signing up 3.3 million by Dec. 31.
The numbers represent a significant improvement given the technical problems that crippled the federal market during much of the fall. The overall goal remains to enroll 7 million people by March 31.
That's prompted Congressman Darrell Issa to concede: "Obamacare is a reality." The California Republican has been a prominent opponent of the president's signature health care law. Appearing on NBC's "Meet The Press," Issa predicted that the program's subsidies would lead middle class people to look at health care in "a Third World way" and pile on costs.
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When you're a stranger in a strange land, you develop a keen awareness of anything that reminds you of home. It might be a license plate that catches your eye in traffic or an accent or phrase overheard in the grocery store.
In the friendship of Judy Mayer and Lori Love, it was a Trader Joe's shopping bag. Even though the funky grocer has stores all over the country, it's a brand that screams laid-back Southern California with its Hawaiian-shirted crews and its "Two Buck Chuck" wines.
The Trader Joe's connection was enough to spark a conversation about how two San Fernando "Valley girls" came to be selling homemade breads 2,400 miles away at the Appalachian Fairgrounds in Gray.
Mayer: "I'd been admiring Lori's breads, and I wanted to talk to her."
Love: "Judy was walking through the market with a Trader Joe's bag, and I called out to her."
It was the beginning of a beautiful friendship, as they say in the movies.
Since their meeting a few years ago, the two women have bonded over their mutual love of baking (and eating) the old-world artisan breads that are hard to come by around here.
Until 2005, Mayer had lived her whole life within a 5-mile radius of Sherman Oaks in the San Fernando Valley, so naturally she had trepidations when her husband, Larry, was interviewing for a job at WETS radio.
"I said, 'I'm going along. God forbid they should like you.' " She wanted to know what they were getting themselves into.
"It was quite a shock to me," Mayer said. "I was having trouble adjusting, and I was looking for anything familiar."
She found herself craving the breads of her mother's kitchen. "I had baked some when I lived in Los Angeles, but would buy most of my baked goods. When I moved to Johnson City, I couldn't find the breads I was used to, so I started baking my own."
"I found my passion: baking," Mayer said. "I bought a bread machine, advanced to a KitchenAid mixer and began experimenting with recipes. I haven't bought breads in several years."
The tagline on Mayer's blog, Judy's Bakery of Johnson City, sums up her philosophy: "A good piece of bread can be as comforting as a cozy blanket on a cold day."
Love made her way from the San Fernando Valley to Tennessee Valley by way of Italy, Germany, Japan and Air Force bases in the United States. Living abroad "really spoiled me for authentic foods," she said. "After living overseas with my military husband, I learned to love the local foods and make them at home. Baking was never my forte, but I find bread very easy and satisfying to make. Some folks have a knack for cakes and decorating. Not me, give me rustic any time."
Love started baking breads when she owned Boomerang Pizza in Kingsport. "During that time I met Pat Jackowski, the former owner of Chrisandra Bakery. She suggested selling breads at farmers markets, a whole new concept for me."
Now she thinks farmers markets and the Appalachian Fair are the greatest things since, you know, sliced bread. She's treasurer of the Johnson City Farmers Market, on the board of the Gray market and she's judged cooking competitions at the Appalachian Fair, which she calls "just so hometown. It's great."
Love plans to enter a customer favorite — her sun-dried tomato with mozzarella cheese bread — in this month's baking competition at the fair. "It tastes as good as it sounds," she said. "When I make croutons from this bread the kids think it's pizza bread."
Also in Love's repertoire is a green olive, rosemary and sage bread with a chewy crust and a salty-savory taste. She describes her pumpernickel as "a sweet fluffy loaf of rye and bread flours with molasses sweetener and whole anise seeds."
Mayer's concoctions include egg bread ("Making this dough makes me happy, and I think it shows in the final bread."), muffaletta bread ("a New Orleans favorite") and julekage (Norwegian sweet bread).
Both women tweak their recipes for the local palate. Apparently, East Tennesseans have quite the sweet tooth.
This is Mayer's first year at the Johnson City Farmers Market, and Love is a veteran. Both have state-certified kitchens in their homes; otherwise they couldn't sell their homemade breads at the Johnson City market.
Mayer enjoys the market because it gives her an outlet for two of her favorite hobbies. "I love to bake and I love talking to people," she said.
You can find both bakers Wednesdays at the Johnson City Farmers Market with their breads and muffins. Look for Judy's Bakery and for Grains, Love's label, nearby. You also find Love and Grains at the Appalachian Farmer's Market Mondays and Saturdays.
A few weeks ago, Mayer was reading in the Johnson City Press Tempo section about a woman who moved from Connecticut to East Tennessee for her husband's job and ended up discovering her talent for decorative painting. "I thought, she's a member of the club, the 'I moved here and found my passion/what I'm supposed to be doing' club," she said. "I'll bet there are a lot more of us around here. I'd love to meet them."
So, if you're new in town, a stranger in a strange land, stop by the Farmers Market. You won't be a stranger for long.


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The Making of Hoosiers: 6:30 to 8 p.m. Hussey-Mayfield Public Library, 250 N. Fifth St., Zionsville. Get ready for March Madness with a book talk on "The Making of Hoosiers -- How a Small Movie from the Heartland Became One of America's Favorite Films," presented by author Gayle Johnson. Learn little-known details and watch clips from this classic film based in Indiana. (317) 873-3149 or www.zionsville .lib.in.us.
2011 Vivian S. Delbrook Visiting Writers Series: Author Mark Halliday: 7:30 p.m. Butler University Eidson-Duckwall Recital Hall, 4600 Sunset Ave. Poet Halliday won the Juniper Prize for his 1992 book, "Tasker Street." His other books include "Little Star," a National Poetry Series selection (1987) and "Selfwolf" (1999). He has taught creative writing at Ohio University since 1996. Free. (317) 940-9861.
Author/Cartoonist Lynda Barry: 7:30 p.m. Herron School of Art and Design, IUPUI Eskenazi Hall, 735 W. New York St. Barry, author of "What It Is," speaks as part of the Rufus & Louise Reiberg Reading Series. Part memoir, part collage and part workbook, her book instructs readers in methods for opening up their creativity. It won the 2009 Will Eisner Comics Industry Award for Best Reality-Based Work. Free. (317) 278-9477.
Literacy Day and Author Talk: 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. Greenwood Public Library, 310 S. Meridian St. All ages celebrate literacy with a talk by Missy Harvey, author of "Epaminodas: Where is Your Common Sense?" Also face painting and more. (317) 881-1953 or www.greenwood library.us.


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Red Hat Linux Error — Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 has different MAC address than expected, ignoring.
I'm running Red Hat Linux Enterprise (RHEL) 4 on an IBM BladeServer HS20 blade. The machine was throwing a bunch of errors about the battery. After much diagnosis and the compulsory exercise of upgrading the firmware, IBM came out and replaced the system board.
After the replacement, the system booted up fine. But the network connection wouldn't come up. I tried to bring it up.
These command should work on Fedora, CentOS, and other Red Hat-flavored distributions. I believe that these commands are also similar on Debian distros like Ubuntu. How about Solaris, HP-UX, or AIX? Sorry, ifconfig works, but you need to look elsewhere for the rest of the commands.
Red Hat Linux Commands to Start Network Connection
Linux command to start the network connection:
RHEL4# /etc/init.d/network start
Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 has different MAC address than expected, ignoring. [FAILED]
Linux command to find the hardware/MAC address of eth0:
RHEL4# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:14:5E:AE:2D:B1
Update this line in ifcfg-eth0 (replace eth0 with your interface, of course):
RHEL4# grep HWADDR /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
RHEL4# /etc/init.d/network start
Tags: How to bring up eth0 after replacing system board, HS20 Blade Server, ifcfg-eth0, Red Hat Linux, RHEL4


text:
Easter bank holiday travel in Staffordshire to ease as the Highways Agency lift roadworks
Posted: April 14, 2014|
ROAD users in Stoke-on-Trent and Staffordshire will be able to travel more freely during the Easter bank holiday weekend as 98 per cent of England's motorways and major A roads will be free of roadworks.
These include:
- 6.7 miles of roadworks to be cleared on the M6 on junctions 15 to 16 near Stoke-on-Trent.
- 8.7 miles of roadworks to be freed up on the M6 between junction 14 to 16 near Stafford.
Related content
Strong spring sunshine weather for Stoke-on-Trent
Road disruption reports from the Highways Agency
John Woodhouse: Portable toilets belong at festivals and building sites, not in a Hanley street
Stoke-on-Trent motorists advised of M6 closures for resurfacing
Prolonged sunshine for Stoke-on-Trent today - but will it continue into the Easter bank holiday
DIY sessions at Meir Park can help with Easter bank holiday tasks
National Trust activities in Staffordshire this Easter
Travel news: Overturned lorry closes A52 at Whiston Bank
- 19.25 miles of roadworks to be cleared on junctions 16 to 19 near Sandbach.
- 32.3 miles of roadworks to be lifted on the M6 on junctions 13 to 15 near Stafford.
Simon Sheldon-Wilson, director of Traffic Management at the Highways Agency, said: "We are investing record amounts in improvements on our network and recognise there will be disruption.
"That is why we plan our work to keep that disruption to a minimum and lift as many road works as possible at busy or peak times such as Easter.
"People will be able to travel more freely this weekend as more than 300 miles of road works are completed or suspended on our roads."


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Modulo and Division confusion
11 Jan 2009, 00:50
Gareth (3 posts)
On page 18 I didn't understand what "takes the floor of the result…" meant.
I really think this could be better explained.
Please tell me if this forum is not for feedback.
Thanks. G.
23 Jan 2009, 04:02
Paul Archer (2 posts)
It's a math term, but basically just means you get the lower whole number. In their example, -17 / 10 yields -2. -17/10 is actually -1.7, but it goes to the nearest lower whole number, which is -2. The reason they mention this is that it's common to think of it as going to the smaller whole number, which would be -1.
28 Jan 2009, 03:55
Gareth (3 posts)
I've started reading a maths primer.
Can't wait for this book to get completed.
14 Jun 2012, 14:40
Shawn Bowne (1 post)
I'm having trouble understanding -17 % 10 being equal to 3. How does the modulo work with negative numbers?
16 Jun 2012, 01:56
Paul Gries (44 posts)
That's a great question, and it confuses a lot of people. Guido van Rossum, the inventor of Python, actually wrote a blog post about Why Python's Integer Division Floors:
Note that in that article Guido is using Python 3.0, and the integer division operator changed between versions 2 and 3, from a single forward slash (/) to a double slash (//).
Does that article explain it well enough?
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text:
Rizky Amelia
Antigraft investigators are considering freezing the assets and bank accounts of former Sports Minister Andi Mallarangeng, who resigned last week after being named a suspect in a major corruption case.
Bambang Widjojanto, a deputy chairman of the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), said on Sunday that there was a possibility that his office would order a freeze of the senior Democratic Party official's assets as part of the ongoing probe into bid-rigging and embezzlement allegations in the Hambalang sports center project.
"All steps deemed by the investigators to be necessary in guaranteeing that the investigation proceeds smoothly will be taken," he said on the sidelines of an event in Jakarta to mark International Anti-Corruption Day.
"As part of our investigative process, we have always tried to determine whether a suspect's assets [are the result of corruption]."
Bambang also said that the KPK could press charges of money-laundering against Andi, who currently faces corruption charges carrying a minimum prison sentence of four years and maximum of 20 years.
The KPK only began charging suspects under the 2010 Anti-Money-Laundering Law this year, which has allowed it to win longer sentences because of the law's lack of a stated minimum sentence for money-laundering.
"We might do as we did in the Wa Ode Nurhayati case, and combine the corruption charges with the money-laundering charges, but we haven't reached that stage yet to make that decision," Bambang said.
Wa Ode, a former National Mandate Party (PAN) legislator, got six years in prison in October in a budget-fixing case in which she was also proved to have laundered up to Rp 50.5 billion ($5.25 million) through her bank accounts.
The money-laundering claims against Andi date back to May this year when Muhammad Nazaruddin, the former Democratic Party treasurer convicted of bid-rigging in another project administered by the Sports Ministry, alleged that Andi took a bribe from Hambalang-winning contractor Adhi Karya through his brother, Zulkarnaen "Choel" Mallarangeng. Choel is still being treated in the Hambalang case as a witness, although the KPK has ordered a travel ban against him, indicating that it might yet name him a suspect.
Abraham Samad, the KPK chairman, said that investigators would begin questioning witnesses against Andi tomorrow.


text:
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Select an edition for more focused local news coverage when you visit NOLA.com.
Don't worry. You can change this setting at any time to another local edition.
The lawyer should have spoken up before trial - but if his concerns are legitimate it is to his credit that he admitted his ineffectiveness before a verdict against the client.
Imagine a doctor who cuts a patient open to perform a surgery but realizes that his skill level will imperil the patient if he goes further with the procedure -
better for him to continue on keep his mouth shut and let the patient die? Or admit his incompetence and step aside for another surgeon to complete the task?
Admitting one's limitations takes guts.
Never NEVER pull over to the left - pull as far to the RIGHT as possible.
All due respect to the people of Jefferson Parish - I grew up there through high school and still have many relatives in the parish -
but as an Orleans taxpayer and as a resident of the state I am paying for this thing -
what in the world do we need this boondoggle for other than to allow elected hacks to hire their friends -
and then preen and pimp in front row seats whenever some big event is held in the building we built?
The reactions and faces of the crowd especially the lady in blue with the pink iPhone- are much more entertaining than the naked bikers will ever be.
That photograph above is heartbreaking -
Shocking! SHOCKING!!!
The Louisiana Supreme Court actually enforced the State Constitution with the result that a criminally accused person benefitted?
That is the rarest of the rare.
That is the story of the year!
I hear you YODM -
in other - SAD news - as WWL and the New York Times are reporting - but not yet TP/NOLA dot com -
the Times-Picayune is moving to a two day a week publication - my guess Thursday and Sunday -
a great loss for New Orleans IMHO -
Not many ladies can pull off the "large blue steel revolver in the waistband" look -
ps - the new nola.com website is TERRIBLE -
You know what's really weird?
People who follow Beiber news and post just to slam the guy - THAT is weird.
I will be buying tickets for my daughter and her friend.
Why doesn't the TP call for a probe of the hacks at the US Attorney's office and the FBI?
Perricone, this, Bernstein's shenanigans - the corruption of justice is not limited to NOPD and Tulane and Broad.
I would be LIVID if I were an attorney who represented one of the defendants who went to trial - to think that the feds SAT on this witness!!!!!!
I don't care it they "think" she wouldn't have been an important witness on my client's behalf - let me know the FACTS and let me - and the JURY - decide.
Not some hack FBI or AUSA.
The strength, courage, and wisdom displayed by Courtney and her mother are humbling and inspiring.
The problem is - instead of Harrah's having to hire an attorney to sue and collect -
they get the DA to THREATEN with criminal charges unless you pay Harrah's - AND the DA -
"but for" the cover that the gambling interests bought from your and my lawmakers what the DA is doing would be against the law - threatening criminal prosecution in pursuit of collection of a civil debt.
Anyone who doesn't think the Supreme Court of Louisiana and the DA are in bed with the gambling industry is not paying attention.
Funny that the DA equates helping Harrah's collect on a million plus gambling debt
to helping a ma and pa corner store collect on a bad check for a $32.51 grocery tab.
I knew Frank from his job at Criminal Court - a good guy gone way too soon. RIP
Obama is was and shall always be an empty suit -
the least qualified person elected to the office - and that is saying something!
Bruce gave props to Occupy? If true that is hilarious 'cause those chair sitters - "Big Chiefs" et al - are the 1% that is for sure.
Big Springsteen fan - but I wasn't about to spend 65 bucks to watch him on monitor - if I was lucky.
Been going to the Fest since the 70s - love it - but it had gotten too too big crowded and expensive. And I noticed much more music bleed over than in the past - little separation of sound stage to stage.
I am a local and agree it it more and more out of towners more affluent less minority than ever.
The street scene near Liuzza's at the track, porch parties, bands on lawn - much more enjoyable than the Fairgrounds, sad to say.
The DA's office should have never charged that case.


text:
9:30 am - 5:30 pm Sunday
10 am - 4 pm Phone(775) 333-9300
This program runs from the Memorial Day Holiday through the Labor Day Holiday. Free admission for all active duty military personnel and their families.
June 15, 2015 - April 11, 2016
9:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
9:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
Rovers on the Moon, Mars & Beyond! For more information please go to: www.nevadachallenger.org.
1-5 p.m.
Refresher course for drivers age 50 years and older that qualifies for auto insurance discounts for those 55 and older. $14 per person and $12 for AARP members. For reservations: (775) 786-3509 or www.aarp.org/drive.
9:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
Learn about Mobile Medicine in the Space Age! Acquire more information at www.nevadachallenger.org.
4:30 to 7:30 p.m.
Family Halloween fun with candy stations and games. Magic shows by Justin Meitz will be in the Museum Theatre! Special admission $2 per person.
9:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m.
Come to the museum to learn about Science Fact & Fiction in Space Exploration! Acquire more information at www.nevadachallenger.org.
From the star on your tree to the galaxy, come explore Christmas in space! More information to come! Pre-register at www.nevadachallenger.com.


text:
James works with WordAds clients and partners at Automattic, and currently resides in sunny Southern California, where he enjoys helping tens of thousands of bloggers make a living from their blog.
Disclaimer: I am a volunteer. I only represent WordPress as a user and reserve the right to refuse service to anyone at anytime. The opinions stated in my postings are not necessarily those of the WordPress community, the WordPress developers, Automattic, or any affiliates of the fore-mentioned entities.


text:
My SkillWho
SkillWho Directory:
Ryan Hritz - Zuzana Hrnciarova
Ryan Hritz
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text:
An implantable pump with a plurality of protrusions and grooves is described.
1. An implantable penile prosthesis comprising:
a reservoir, wherein said reservoir stores fluid;
a pump assembly, wherein said pump assembly is in fluid communication with the reservoir;
a cylinder in fluid communication with the pump assembly;
wherein said pump assembly includes a compressible bulb and a valve, wherein said valve includes a movable element that is positionable between a first position in a first flow path and a second position in a second flow path, the valve being changeable from a first configuration with the movable element in the first position with the second flow path open by compression of said compressible bulb so that a fluid pressure is generated within said pump assembly to act on said movable element to change the movable element from the first position to the second position and thus the valve from the first configuration to a second configuration with the first flow path open and the second flow path closed so as to permit valve operation to inflate said cylinder.
2. The implantable penile prosthesis of
3. The implantable prosthesis of
This application claims the benefit of, and is a continuation of, pending U.S. application Ser. No. 11/186,225, filed Jul. 21, 2005, which is a divisional application of U.S. Pat. No. 6,991,601, filed Dec. 2, 2003, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/430,200, filed Dec. 2, 2002. Each of the identified applications is hereby incorporated by reference into the present application.
This invention generally relates to an implantable pump assembly for inflating a prosthesis. More particularly, the invention relates to a pump assembly for an inflatable penile prosthesis.
One common treatment for male erectile dysfunction is the implantation of a penile prosthesis. Such a prosthesis typically includes a pair of inflatable cylinders which are fluidly connected to a fluid (typically liquid) reservoir via a pump and valve assembly. The two cylinders are normally implanted into the corpus cavernosae of the patient and, in some embodiments, a reservoir may be implanted in the patient's abdomen. The pump assembly is implanted in the scrotum. During use, the patient actuates the pump and fluid is transferred from the reservoir through the pump and into the cylinders. This results in the inflation of the cylinders and thereby produces the desired penis rigidity for a normal erection. Then, when the patient desires to deflate the cylinders, a valve assembly within the pump is actuated in a manner such that the fluid in the cylinders is released back into the reservoir. This deflation then returns the penis to a flaccid state.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,566,466 discloses an implantable penile prosthesis comprising a fluid reservoir, a pump and elongate cylindrical prosthetic members. The pump includes an exterior surface with a plurality of circular ridges. The ridges are separated by grooves and extend around the exterior surface of the pump in a continuous, uninterrupted fashion. The device is operated by grasping the scrotal sac and squeezing the pumping section of the pump through the scrotal sac wall. The ridges of the pumping section are said to prevent the pumping section from slipping off the user's grasp during pumping. However, there is no structure blocking movement of tissue relative to the pump along a longitudinal axis of a groove.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,141,509 discloses an inflatable penile prosthesis. The prosthesis has an inflatable cylinder, a fluid reservoir, pump means and valves.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,437,457 discloses an improved pressure control valve for a medical device. U.S. Pat. No. 4,682,583 discloses an artificial sphincter. The sphincter includes a pump, a housing and a node.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,537,183, 5,851,176 and 5,167,611 disclose penile prostheses with a pump and a plurality of circular ridges.
The Alpha I� Inflatable Penile Prosthesis was sold in the United States more than a year prior to the filing date of the present application by Mentor of Santa Barbara, Calif. The Alpha I Prosthesis included a pump assembly with a pump housing with release bars and a pump with a plurality of ridges that were separated by grooves that extended around the exterior surface of the pump in a continuous, uninterrupted fashion. To return the prosthesis to a flaccid state, the user was instructed to feel the protruding release bars and then squeeze them.
The continuous nature of the grooves and ridges is believed to present a problem. There is no structure to block movement of tissue along a direction substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of a groove.
The ridges of the Alpha prosthesis are relatively thin and are spaced close together. Grooves between the ridges provide very little room for tissue to extrude into. This is undesirable as squeezing tissue into the grooves is believed to help anchor the pump to the tissue during the act of squeezing.
The outer surfaces of the ridges of the Alpha I prosthesis tend to be rounded, with a large radius at the top. One radius was measured at 0.012 inches. This is also believed to be a problem as the rounded tips do not afford optimal tissue purchase and can result in tissue sliding off the tip of the ridge.
The Mark II� Inflatable Penile Prosthesis was sold in the United States more than a year prior to the filing date of the present application by Mentor of Santa Barbara, Calif. This device included a pump assembly including a resipump and a release ring.
The Mark II prosthesis has a single squeeze pump. The size of the pump limits the pressure that can be transmitted to the cylinders and therefore limits the stiffness of the cylinder. The Mark II cylinder is believed to afford a much less stiff cylinder than the Alpha I cylinder.
The release ring of the Mark II includes a plurality of ribs. Again, these ribs are rounded and slippery.
In one aspect, the present invention includes an improved protrusion and groove system for an implantable pump. The protrusion and groove system affords space for tissue to extrude into and surfaces to block movement of the implant relative to tissue in three mutually perpendicular directions. In preferred embodiments, the protrusions are discontinuous and have edges that block movement in a direction substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the grooves. Also preferably, the protrusions have less rounded tips than prior art ribs to afford greater tissue purchase and a firmer grasp of the implantable pump.
In one aspect, the present invention comprises a pump assembly for an implantable prosthesis. The pump assembly comprises a housing including a valve assembly, and a pump bulb that is squeezable through tissue. The pump bulb has a plurality of discrete, discontinuous, spaced apart protrusions. The protrusions are sized, shaped and arranged to resist relative movement between tissue and the implantable prosthesis when the pump bulb is squeezed. The protrusions comprise shaped structures selected from the group consisting of oval, linear, elliptical, circular, polygonal, triangular and combinations thereof.
In another aspect, the pump assembly comprises a housing including a valve assembly, and a pump bulb having a plurality of protrusions with a longitudinal axes. The protrusions are arranged to be spaced apart by a plurality of grooves with longitudinal axes. The protrusions have ends that separate the protrusions from each other. The ends preferably form channels having longitudinal axes extending at angles relative to the longitudinal axes of the grooves. In one embodiment, the angles are approximately ninety degrees. The protrusions have tip portions and the distance between tip portions of adjacent protrusions is preferably greater than 0.05 inches. The tip portions have rounds and the rounds preferably have a radius of less than about 0.012 inches. More preferably, the rounds have a radius of less than about 0.006 inches.
In one embodiment, the ends of the protrusions form a channel with a longitudinal axis that is configured at an angle relative to the longitudinal axes of the protrusions. In one embodiment, the angle is approximately ninety degrees. In another, it is approximately, forty-five degrees.
In another aspect, the present invention comprises a pump assembly for a prosthesis that is implantable in tissue. The pump assembly comprises a housing including a valve assembly, a pump bulb having a plurality of protrusions spaced apart by grooves, wherein the protrusions and grooves have structure capable of blocking movement of the prosthesis relative to the tissue in three dimensions.
In yet another aspect, the present invention comprises an implantable penile prosthesis. The device comprises a reservoir for storing fluid; a pump assembly in fluid communication with the reservoir; and a pair of cylinders in fluid communication with the pump assembly. The pump assembly comprises a housing including a valve assembly. The housing is adapted to be deformed to operate the valve assembly. The housing has at least three protrusions, and a pump bulb.
In another aspect, the present invention comprises an implantable penile prosthesis comprising a reservoir for storing fluid; a pump assembly in fluid communication with the reservoir; and a pair of cylinders in fluid communication with the pump assembly. The pump assembly comprises a pump bulb; a bar shaped housing including a valve assembly. The housing is adapted to be deformed to operate the valve assembly. The housing has end portions and side portions. Each end portion has at least one protrusion. The side portions have a side bar.
Referring to
The pump assembly 10 is adapted to be in fluid communication with a reservoir via tube 9. The pump assembly 10 is adapted to be in fluid communication with implantable inflatable members via tubes 7.
The protrusion ends 15 form channels C having longitudinal axes A′ extending at angles relative to the longitudinal axes A of the grooves G. Preferably the angle is approximately ninety degrees, but other angles are also contemplated herein. Also preferably, the ends 15 face each other across channels C.
The protrusions 14 facilitate traction on the pump bulb 12 and resist movement of the bulb 12 relative to tissue in multiple directions as force is applied to compress bulb 12. Preferably the protrusions 15 resist slipping latitudinally as well as longitudinally.
The protrusions, grooves, and channels are sized shaped and arranged to afford efficient interaction with tissue. Preferably, the protrusions help direct the application of force to desired areas, afford tactile location and fixation within tissue (e.g. of the scrotum). A variety of factors affect protrusion performance, including the material comprising the protrusions, their width, their height, and shape including cross sectional shape. In general, the protrusions should be robust enough to hold the pump assembly substantially stationary relative to tissue during operation of an implant associated with the pump assembly 10. The protrusions 14 should be sufficiently flexible to avoid unduly irritating tissue.
As an example, not intended to be limiting, the protrusion may comprise shaped structures selected from the group consisting of oval, linear, elliptical, circular, polygonal, triangular and combinations thereof.
The pump bulb 12 is preferably is squeezable through tissue (e.g. scrotal tissue or other tissue). Preferably, the protrusions 14 are sized, shaped and arranged to resist relative movement between tissue and the implantable prosthesis when the pump bulb 12 is squeezed. Also preferably, the protrusions 14 and grooves G have structure capable of blocking movement of the implantable prosthesis relative to tissue in three mutually perpendicular directions.
Referring now to
Referring now to
The radius R′ of the tips of the protrusions 14 is preferably small (e.g. less than 0.012 inches), more preferably, they are less than about 0.006 inches. When the user squeezes the pump bulb, it is believed that forces in tissue are concentrated at or near the edges of the tips of the protrusions. This is believed to assist in providing stability for the pump assembly 10. However, the radius should not be so small as to damage or unduly irritate tissue.
The pump assembly also includes a housing 16 that includes a valve assembly. In general, some portion of the housing 16 is deflectable or deformed to actuate the valve assembly. The valve assembly may comprise any suitable valve assembly including, but not limited to, those valve assemblies disclosed in U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/453,684, filed Mar. 10, 2003, 60/508,123 filed Oct. 2, 2003; 60/507,973, filed Oct. 2, 2003, and 60/507,975, filed Oct. 2, 2003; published U.S. Pat. Application Nos. 2002-91302-A1, 2002-82709-A1; 2002-82708-A1; 2002-82473-A1; and 2002-82471-A1; and U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,443,887 and 6,533,719. Various components useable in conjunction with the present invention are also disclosed in the previously mentioned applications and U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 60/507,972 and 60/507,974 which were filed Oct. 2, 2003.
The valve assembly may also comprise the valve assemblies associated with the Mark II Inflatable Penile Prosthesis and the Alpha I Inflatable Penile Prosthesis, each available from Mentor Corp. Examples of valve assemblies are also disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,566,466 and 4,537,183.
Referring now to
The housing 16 also includes protrusions 18. The protrusions 18 should afford stabilization of the implant within tissue (e.g. the scrotum), afford tactile feedback to the patient and assist the patient in actuating the valve assembly.
The housing 16 is preferably bar shaped as shown in
The housing 16 preferably includes two elongate sidebars or stabilizing fins 19 on the side portions. The fins 19 are sized, shaped and positioned to assist the patient in accessing and/or holding onto the pump. In some instances, the pump may tend to elevate relative to the patient's scrotum. In such cases, a patient may reach up to grab the pump and pull it down to access either the inflation or deflation area. Some patients lack manual dexterity. Such patients use two hands to inflate and/or deflate—one hand to hold the pump in place and one hand to either inflate or deflate. If the pump is constructed of a silicone elastomer (or other similar materials) and bathed in body fluids, the pump can be very slippery and hard to grasp. The fins 19 enhance the patient's grip on the side of the pump to pull it down and/or to hold onto the pump. The fins 19 operate in a manner similar to the way the protrusions on the bulb and deflation area operate to enhance the patient's grip for inflation and deflation. In a preferred embodiment, the fins 19 have a width of about 0.07 inches, a height of about 0.08 inches and a length of about 0.55 inches.
Notably, the pump bulb need not be on the same side of the pump housing as the connection to the inflatable members and reservoir.
Also notably, the grooves and channels for the protrusions need not be at right angles or continuous.
Referring now to
A well defined concave protrusion 18X is shown comprising a raised palpable button for locating the auto deflate area. In the active position, the sphere 99 blocks the deflate fluid channel and prevents pressurized fluid in the cylinders (see line 9X) returning to the reservoir (see line 7X). In the auto-deflate position, pressurized fluid in the cylinders is allowed to return to the reservoir unassisted by the patient holding the pump to obtain maximum flaccidity, the patient need only bend or squeeze the cylinders without manipulating the pump. Alternatively, a square deflation feature may be utilized.
Referring now to
The housing 100 may advantageously be molded as a one-piece (e.g. integral or monolithic) part. To this end, the housing 100 preferably includes live hinges 111 that may be incorporated into the design/mold. Medical grade adhesives may be used to hold the live hinges in a closed or sealed position.
Various embodiments have been shown and describe protrusions and grooves. It is to be understood that though these embodiments have been shown and described in isolation, various features of each embodiment can be combined with the others to produce a variety of embodiments.
All patents, patent applications and journal articles cited herein are expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety.
While the present invention has been described with respect to a pump and valve assembly for a penile implant, the use of the present invention has many other applications within the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, artificial sphincters utilize fluid pressure to maintain a body cavity or natural passageway in a closed or sealed state. When actuated, fluid pressure is released from the sphincter, causing the bodies' passageway to open. As such, the present invention may be utilized with an artificial sphincter as well.
Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or central attributes thereof. In that the foregoing description of the present invention discloses only exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that other variations are contemplated as being within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited in the particular embodiments which have been described in detail therein. Rather, reference should be made to the appended claims as indicative of the scope and content of the present invention.
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I weighed in at 148... I worked out twice last week, none so far this week, despite bringing my workout attire to work with me.
Short term goal - work out twice over the 4 day weekend!
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Our vision at Sheraton Portsmouth is simply to be the best place to work and stay in the seacoast community. I look forward to sharing our story with you through this blog, and I'm confident in saying that you'll get to know us well - we want you to become part of our extended family.
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I am not a gifted or naturally talented drummer .. and i know what it means to work in order to learn and sound good. NO song has ever taken me more than a week to learn. Practicing always makes it sound better over time , but i have never had to stuggle that long. Granted this wont apply to a player thats played for a year or 2 .. This comment wasnt replying to a young player.
I dont mean this to sound mean .. Theory .. learn how to count . To me thats all it takes if you have experiance at your craft..
Sorry, but i smell no small amount of b/s. Of course, it's subjective as to what a person thinks 'learning' a song or drum part involves. Regardless of what people think about his technique, Portnoy comes up with some of the most intricate and well honed drum parts in the business. If you find Dream Theater songs easy and quick to learn (as Portnoy plays them) then you should certainly see yourself as a naturally talented drummer.
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Welcome to the Valparaiso University School Psychology Program website.
We are extremely proud of our graduates who are making positive differences in the lives of children and their families in educational settings across the country – and we hope that you, too, might consider joining the ranks of our outstanding graduates in School Psychology.
We encourage you to contact the School Psychology Director, Dr. Christina Grabarek, at 219-464-5790 or firstname.lastname@example.com if you have more specific questions or would like to take a tour of the campus and meet the faculty.
Applications are considered for admission for the next academic year if received prior to March 1, however, applications are encouraged at any time.
If you are interested in applying to the School Psychology program, visit the VU Graduate Studies website for further information and application forms.
To learn more about the VU School Psychology program, follow this link: VU School Psychology Handbook Overview
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What gives me the Heebeejeebees is being in a room with very large machines. Remember the cellar scenes in The Shining with the big boilers and heaters? YECH!
Also being underwater around shipwrecks. Double YECH!
Haunted's post reminded me of something that used to give me bad time heebie jeebies. Most homes in Texas don't have basements but I grew up in Chicago where homes do have basements. It used to scare me to death to have to go to the basement at night to get something. The stairs were open and I was always afraid that a boogymen was hiding behind the stairs and that he'd reach between the steps to grab my ankle.
Woodlouse - Andy calls them "slaters" - maybe that is Scottish for woodlouse. Up close they look sort of like little armadillos
I heard on the news today that little boy had what they thought was infection. They discovered it was a baby snail in his knee !! YIKERS
PS the boy has the snail named turbo.


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