text:
2013 Men's Soccer Season Preview
- Release Date:
- August 30, 2013
- Contact:
- The Office of Sports Information
- (716) 649-7900 ext. 333
In two quick seasons since Jeff Panik took over the program, the Hawks have turned the corner and are now considered a team contending for the Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference championship in November. With 10 solid, committed returning players to the 2013 season, Panik (2012 AMCC Coach of the Year) and his staff are excited to blend the 14 new faces on the field into a consistent challenger for the league's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament each year.
Five seniors will lead the Hawks in their final season. Michael Gee, an AMCC 3rd Team All-Conference member in his first year with the Hawks in 2012, will anchor the defense again. As the team's on-field captain, Gee will continue to protect the box and Jeremy Kraska in goal. Working up the pitch and carrying the ball forward will be Josh Walsh-Steines in the midfield. His effort will allow Edward Minkel and Yonis Osman to roam in front of the goal looking for the perfect pass which will lead to many scores.
In their third year with the program, Tyler Coniglio and Matthew Saxton have had a hand in the transformation of the Hawks defense. Coniglio held his ground and played disciplined defense while Saxton carried the ball forward and placed it in the back of the net a few times last season. Expected to challenge for playing time are rookies Anthony Pellicano, Nicolas Rodriguez, Brandon Ciesielski, Kurtis Maloney, and Jamestown Community College transfer, Nathan Decker.
The midfield will see the greatest change within the team. Sophomore Austin Mathis returns and will battle with first-year Hilbert players to run the offense. Matt Hamister, a sophomore transfer, along with freshmen Daniel Pulaski, Tyler Eister and Tomas Bojkovski will solidify the Hawks play and give them a punch on both sides of the midfield line.
The Hawk fans are excited to see what kind of offensive damage Jon Davison will do to opponents again this year. The AMCC 2nd Team All-Conference member will provide leadership and effort, pushing Hilbert's rookies to play at a quicker pace. Stepping on the field for the first time looking to score goals will be sophomore Matthew Buehlmann who joined the program in 2012 as a keeper, but never dressed due to a wrist injury. He will work with other newcomers to the Hilbert program - Justin Gilfert, Dyllon Hrynczak, Matthew Barth, and Blake Barker - to complement Davison, Minkel and Osman upfront.
In net, freshman Brandon Henry is expected to challenge Kraska for time.
Hilbert opens the season at SUNYIT August 31 and will host Grove City September 7th in their home opener (1pm). The Hawks other non-conference opponents are Alfred (away, Sep. 10), Morrisville (home, Sep. 14), Thiel (away, Sep 19), Alfred State (home, Sep 21) and Wells (home, Sep. 25). They begin their AMCC schedule the last weekend of September and squeeze in the nine league games before the AMCC play-offs begin November 2nd.
The Hawks five seniors will be honored in pre-game activities during their Senior Game against Penn State Altoona on October 19th at 1pm.
Hilbert College, located in suburban Hamburg, N.Y., south of Buffalo, is a private four-year college founded in 1957 in the Catholic Franciscan tradition. With nearly 1,100 students, Hilbert is a dynamic Western New York college that offers career-focused majors, including one of the top criminal justice programs in the region, and more than 50 minors and concentrations. The college's engaging, student-centered campus community offers numerous leadership, internship, and service learning opportunities from which students launch successful careers while making positive changes in their communities. The Hilbert Blueprint promotes a well-rounded student experience over four years – starting with the Foundations Seminar in the freshman year, followed by Sophomore Service, Junior Symposium, and culminating with the Senior Capstone. Hilbert has expanded its academic offerings with the college's first graduate programs and new Accelerated Degree Programs geared to adult learners.
Upcoming Events
- First Year Student Orientation
- Aug 14, 2015
- Summer Session A2 Ends
- Aug 21, 2015
- First Year Student Orientation
- Aug 28, 2015


text:
...a couple staffers had been armed?
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Replies are closed for this discussion.
@ Tim
My bad I didn't recognize it. I'm used to IBAs and IOTVs.
@Blain - The sad part about this conversation.... I was supporting your argument. Good job.
Why would we want to use a nonlethal way of stopping an active shooter? (And what are you talking about? a net?) And most of the nonlethal ways I can think of lack the immediate stopping power of killing him before he gets another shot off.
School room doors should be windowless and hardened and able to be firmly locked. That should be standard in all schools.
A hostage takers dream!
Consider the alternative. There are always tradeoffs.
I would love to have a functional 9mm nonlethal round for my daily carry, much lower legal liability for me.
I haven't seen one yet, but it's sure a wet dream for me. To be able to stop a perpetrator without the need for lethal force is a very sensible idea.
My dad had an interesting idea; build classroom so that there is more than one exit. Right now, all classes open up into a hallway that in a shooter incident is effectively a killzone. If there was another way out of the classroom, all those kids could be removed from harms way. Granted, this would only work in a single-shooter incident and not in a situation like Columbine, but it is an option.
Its not unfathomable that guns become computerized, fingerprint activated and transmit secure encrypted GPS coordinates and ID every time they are fired to some ATF database. In fact an unauthorized user attempt could be transmitted as well. Cartridges could be coded to only work in a particular gun. You could also limit the rounds per minute. Oh what the hell, throw a camera on there and transmit a live video on youtube so we can all see what you are shooting.
You're basically talking about the Lawgiver, the Judge's trusty weapon.
Nothing will change. It is the mentality of the American people who love their guns, and have the money and power to keep the politicians in line. They can make all the excuses 'Right to bare arms', whatever, nothing will change. Just like religion, it is all about instilling fear, and it has worked. A school can have the army ringed around it, a would be murderer, will just up the ante and set up a machine gun.
There will be massacres in theatres, schools, hospitals, whatever. Any of these establishments can have armed guards, buzzers, security cameras, all that will do, if a person wants to kill as many people as he can, he will simply be more prepared for confrontation, and still take down as many people as he can.
Nothing is going to change. That is America.
Nothing will change with people of your ilk running around. I would be willing to bet that if everyone was required to carry a firearm that there may be a small spike in crime followed by a drastic drop case in point, how many people have been shot at a gun show? Because when we talk about this issue, we have to bring in other situations as well now. The would be assailant would most definitly think twice before trying to mug a family of four if he knew that both parents were carrying firearms. Now along with this argument comes the reverse side of it, in that there are MANY people that SHOULD NOT carry firearms. Where you draw the line is I think where this debate ought to be, not what type of weapons should be allowed or how many rounds a magazine can carry. You are right in one respect, in that in reality, crime will always be present, as will war, famine, hate, life, death and taxes, but does that mean we should just lock everything up and hope someone takes care of us? We are a country founded on individualism and the right to be who we are hence the whole "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, ....with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." Mass punishments have never been the correct answer to any problem, and have a tendency to backfire (Revolution anyone?). I for one, as a person, a father of two, would much rather everyone carry than no one carry, because as you stated, there will always be crime, and as great of a Government as we have, I am not willing to risk the lives of MY family for the erroneous actions of a few.
As for your comment about an army ringing the school, well, at least those are people WILLING to lay down their lives for the protection of others because we KNOW that type of behavior exists instead of hoping and praying that someone gets there in time (case in point Connecticut). And FYI, I personally know several people that could do an immense more amount of damage with a pistol than some mentally derranged teen with a fully automatic machine gun.
Also with that logic, would it really matter if we took ALL of the guns away? They would find another way to carry out their acts wouldnt they?
Congratulations, you attempted to use accidental shootings as a parallel to the intentional shootings at a school. And on top of that, it was 5 in three DIFFERENT locations, and NONE of them died. you got me there buddy, congratulations. I guess it is my fault for not being clear enough for the dim. HOW MANY PEOPLE HAVE WALKED INTO A GUN SHOW AND INTENTIONALLY WENT ON A SHOOTING SPREE TRYING TO KILL PEOPLE. Clear anough for ya?

subset: commoncrawl


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BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – The Chattanooga Mocs volleyball team dropped a 3-1 decision to the Samford Bulldogs on the road in Birmingham, Ala., Friday night. Chattanooga claimed the first set with a close 25-23 win, but sets two, three and four were taken 26-24, 25-14 and 25-19 by the Bulldogs.
Despite downing Samford 3-0 at Maclellan Gym earlier in the season and getting off to a 1-0 set lead Friday night, UTC was unable to pull off another upset of the SoCon powerhouse.
Chattanooga took its fourth straight set of 2013 with a two-point win in the first set. Freshman Allie Davenport (Tyrone, Ga.) got the scoring started with a kill to put the Mocs up 2-0 after an attacking error put UTC on top. Chattanooga went on to record a match-best .393 hitting percentage and totaled 14 kills in the set.
Junior Kasey Talley (Boiling Springs, S.C.) topped the stats page with 10 kills and only two errors to hit a team-best .444 average. The junior also offered up 11 serves without an error. Freshman Anne Backmann (Lincoln, Neb.) led the Mocs with 27 assists and sophomore Briana Reid (Houston, Texas) finished the night with eight kills.
Samford matches its 17 kills from the first set in the second set to down UTC by two in extras. The Bulldogs reached 26 points by holding Chattanooga to a match-worst four kills. The Mocs didn't help their own cause by committing four errors to place their hitting percentage at .000 in the set.
The third set of the match was Samford's largest margin win with 11 points standing between the 'Dogs and Mocs. Samford hit .333 and followed its back-to-back 17 kill performances with 16 kills in the frame. Michaela Reesor led Samford with 20 kills and totaled 20.0 points on the night. Reesor and the Bulldogs went on to claim the match 3-1 and the fourth set by six points.
The Mocs defense was led by junior Melissa Green (Boca Raton, Fla.) as the defensive specialist recorded 15 digs on 22 flawless receptions. Talley, sophomore Lauren Gainer (Boca Raton, Fla.) and Bachmann each recorded four blocks.
The Mocs are back in action at Maclellan Gym Sunday at 2 p.m. as they take on the Davidson Wildcats for the final time this season. Live streaming video of the match is available with a subscription to Mocs Vision. Live stats are available free through GoMocs.com. Links to both options for viewing the game are available on the Mocs volleyball schedule page.


text: Illamasqua Naked Rose Blush ($24.00 for 0.14 oz.) is described as as "soft neutral pink." It's a light-medium rosy pink with a mostly neutral undertone (against my warmer complexion, it seems to pull just barely cool-toned). It has a mostly matte finish and true-to-pan color. MAC Crew is lighter, yellower. Chanel Blush Horizon de Chanel is lighter, more yellow-toned, a bit brighter. MAC Stunner is more yellow-toned and has a strong sheen. Bobbi Brown Pretty Pink is a bit cooler-toned. MAC Dame has a smidgen of plum in it.


text:
Counseling, Advising & Career Center
If this is a life-threatening emergency, please call 911 or go to the nearest hospital emergency room.
Click here for our crisis resources.
Our Mission
As professional counselors, we educate and serve students to develop and achieve their academic, career and personal goals. We offer integral support to the campus mission through expertise in student/human development. We provide early intervention and response to complex student and campus needs.
What we offer
Counseling, Advising & Career Center (CACC) offers entry advising for new students as a walk-in service. CACC also has appointments available for currently enrolled or returning students for one-on-one educational and career counseling. Services include: academic/educational counseling for undecided students, career counseling & assessments, transferring information, and free short term personal counseling; as well as referral to community resources to help with college adjustment and success.
Counseling, Advising & Career Center counselors are experienced and trained professionals that provide short term holistic counseling. Counselors also teach Human Development courses on a broad range of topics including: College Success, Career & Life Planning, Stress Management, Overcoming Math Anxiety, and Human Relations in the Workplace.
Academic advising is available for students to provide assistance in class schedule, general transfer advising and unofficial transcript evaluation. If you know which degree you are obtaining, you may look up your faculty advisor to contact them directly. CACC also has counselors available for appointments primarily to advise undecided students and students majoring in Human Services.
Career Counseling & Assessment
Career counseling is available on an individual or group basis. Workshops and Human Development courses to help you clarify your goals, learn the career-planning process, interpret assessment results, and learn career research, decision-making, and job search skills.
Assessments enable you to identify your career interests, learning styles, and personality preferences. Often there is a small fee to cover the assessment costs.
Academic/Educational Counseling
Academic counseling is available for students who are on academic warning or are struggling in their classes and need suggestions for improvement.
Educational counseling includes setting educational goals, improving college success skills (time management, study skills, etc.), choosing a program of study, and/or transferring to another college or university.
Personal Counseling
Personal counseling issues include personal development and adjustment issues such as stress management, loss and grief, assertiveness training, conflict management, emotional stress, leadership skills, and interpersonal communication skills.
Counselors can also refer you to other on-campus and off-campus resources including community services and mental health agencies.
Urgent Counseling
Counselors can help if you are experiencing barriers that are immediately impacting your ability to be successful in school.


text:
I decided to start a thread where we could start showing the new products that are coming in for Red Jacket. Instead of starting a new post each time I thought I would just post in this same thread each time.
Here is the stock we have been working on for Will.
Red Jacket Firearms Original Skeleton Stock for all Saiga's and AK47's. Machined from solid aluminum billet, oxide blasted and hard anodized. The stock measures 9 inches in length.
This stock is the strongest and highest quality skeleton stock available.
On Saiga rifles and shotguns, this stock requires that the FCG be moved forward so the factory pistol grip can be installed.
Bolts on to all "ACE" style receiver blocks as well as the Tromix style weld on back plate.
A Folding Mechanism can be added to easily fold your stock to one side.
Made in the USA and counts for 1 US compliant part


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Let your little one rest on this organic cotton cradle set from American Baby Company. This ultra soft velour set is available in naturally occurring shades of Natural and Mocha that are free from bleach and dyes.
- Cradle Bumper
- Reversible Comforter
- Cradle Sheet
Gift Wrap not available.


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|Barbie Club
Event Type: Children's Program
Date: 12/30/2013
Start Time: 2:00 PM
End Time: 4:00 PM
Have a fab time celebrating everything Barbie. We provide a dream house, lots of fashions, accessories, horses, cars, and a choice of dolls and you simply bring your imagination. No registration.Library: Oak Park Public Library Main Branch
Location: First Floor - Storytime Room
Contact: Children's Department
Contact Number: 708.452.3420


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Biker Chick Repaint Sells Out In One Day; New Exclusive Figs Coming
Friday, March 19, 2004
The McFarlane Toys Collector's Club really put its new online ecommerce software package to the test when, on March 9, we made our newest Club exclusive available for purchase. The Biker Chick repaint -- part of the new Spawn Series 25 figure line -- was released at 11 a.m. MST on that day and was sold through its production run by about 8 p.m. that evening.
This makes that figure the fastest-selling Club exclusive ever offered. It says a lot about the quality of the new server; we took some 2,000 orders in about a nine-hour window of time. There were a few bandwidth issues at first, but after about an hour or so, the store ran incredibly smoothly.
We did discover a high instance of users attempting to bypass our stated limits of three figures per customer by creating new Store IDs. We have several new policies in place that make it easier for us to isolate and cancel multiple orders.
Once those orders were cancelled, we had several hundred Biker Chick pieces back in inventory to sell. We offered those on Friday, March 12, and they sold out in a bit more than an hour.
Given the new capabilities of the Store, the Club will be re-evaluating some of its policies and procedures in the coming months. Our goal is to get our exclusive figures in the hands of as many collectors as possible and we will take steps to ensure that happens.
On the horizon, we've got a resupply of the ever-popular NBA backboard accessory (early to mid-April) and then a shipment of NHL 8 special six-figure cases for American collector's only (late April) as the regular retail release of that line will only be in Canada.
Further down the line, we'll have a special exclusive piece for the upcoming McFarlane's Monsters 3: Six Faces of Madness series of figures and a pretty full slate of other stuff coming down the pike. This year is surely going to be a good one for McFarlane collectors.


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SwaddleDesigns Bitty Bib is a sweet, small bib for baby's first year. Made from the finest certified Organic Turkish Terry Velour, this soft, absorbent bib quickly soaks up any spills, dribbles, and drool. 100% certified organic cotton with satin trim. Exclusive designs available in 2 colors.
Ages: 12 months & up


text:
House & Home editors and style experts share the hardware store finds that make their lives easier and inspire new projects. Learn why Margot Austin keeps burlap on hand, what Stacey Smithers does with inexpensive drawer pulls, and why Joel Bray loves matte black spray paint. Plus, get more affordable hardware store finds and DIY tricks from other editors.
All items available at Home Hardware:


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Fairy Garden Kit
Customers Also Bought
Make Magic with an Enchanting Fairy Garden
- Design your own fairy garden with these miniature pieces
- A fun winter project for the whole family
- Beautifully packaged for gift-giving
Imaginative gardeners of all ages will enjoy planting their own miniature gardens, designed to entice endearing (and sometimes mischievous) fairies to take up residence. This kit is the perfect way to get started. It includes a planting dish, saucer and soil, plus fairy-sized accessories (arbor with bench, birdbath and wheelbarrow), pebbles — and fairy dust, of course. Add to the magic with your own creative additions. Comes complete with tips on selecting plants and maintaining the garden. (Plants shown are not included.)
- Plastic container, black metal accessories, potting soil, glitter
- 14" square x 5" H
- Plants not included
Reviewed by 7 customers
Sort by
- Cute Decorative Pieces
- Nice container
Best Uses
Very comPlete except for lack of fairy which recipient had really wanted. Cute product otherwise!! We found a fairy for recipient on our own.
Ordered 2 as Xmas gifts for grandchildren and well received . Fun indoor winter garden project. Would be more impressive if the container was stronger and more attractive.
I ordered 2 kits. One of the boxes had obviously been dropped from a height. The garden container was broken at every corner. One corner was broken all the way into the bottom of the pan. The sleeve was damaged as well. It should never have been shipped. I have been a customer for years, but I will think long and hard before ordering from you again. I certainly won't buy anything fragile.
Nothing else in the shipment twas damaged, so I know that item was damaged when it was packed.
Like the reviewer below, my fairy garden also arrived with a split down the corner. Gardeners Supply was wonderfully helpful and I'm looking forward to receiving my new one (hopefully intact), but there does seem to be a design or shipping flaw with this otherwise charming item.
It does say in the fine print that the plants shown are not included, but there is no option to purchase seeds, so this is not a gift, it is a project. As such, yes, it can be fun to go to the nursery and pick out the plants as a PROJECT but this is NOT A GIFT, not even a gift kit. Just be aware of that before ordering.
- Magical
- Whimsical
Best Uses
- Small Plants Herbs
Let's face it, I want grandchildren! After reading Sharon Lovejoy's beautiful books about gardening with children, I knew that I definitely wanted to make fairy gardens with any future grandchildren I might have. I had this Epiphany after our growing season was over, but I really wanted to get started practicing, so when I saw this, I thought it would make a great beginning project.
When it arrived I gleefully opened it and began ooh-ing and aaw-ing over the pretty little fairy accessories...then I noticed that one corner of the garden container was split from top to bottom. Feeling frustrated and disappointed, I called Gardener's Supply. They immediately sent me a replacement and were so helpful and accommodating that I felt REALLY awful when I opened it and the second one ALSO had a split on one corner! I called again and it was replaced with the same good grace and helpful manner. I am and will remain a faithful customer. If my little fairy garden doesn't work, it certainly won't be their fault!
I received a fairy garden as a gift and now I give it to everyone. I always get rave reviews from my niece to my 90 year old mother and everyone in between.
There are no special shipping restrictions or charges associated with this item. For detailed information about our delivery methods and charges, click here.
We're proud of the fact that this item is shipped to you directly from our warehouse in Vermont, by one of our 250 employee-owners. In-stock items are packed with care and shipped within the next business day to ensure prompt delivery to your home and garden!


text:
Wednesday, December 8, 2010
43 comments:
- Duzza Bear said...
I love them! Such a nice, fresh take on the traditional Christmas palette.
- December 8, 2010 at 7:59 PM
- Mary on Lake Pulaski said...
- December 8, 2010 at 8:02 PM
- traceyjay said...
those tiny double hourglass blocks are too adorable! As are all the stockings! cute! :)
- December 8, 2010 at 8:03 PM
- Natalie said...
Cannot find our stockings!
Not sure I can find the courage to whip up six of these though... oh. so. tempting.
Dare I?!
- December 8, 2010 at 8:09 PM
- Liz @ LivingMySweetLife said...
ohhh, I like!!! I have to make 3 stockings as gifts, I better get cracking. I really love that patchwork stocking!
- December 8, 2010 at 8:21 PM
- Jessica said...
Looks great! I still have to make our son's stocking for this year. But seeing as how he's only 8 months old, I'm not too worried about it.
- December 8, 2010 at 8:28 PM
- Melanie@Crafty Cupboard said...
I love the itty-bitty double hourglasses :)
we ran in to the problem of having 3 matching stockings that I made, but then we had another kid. So, three stockings are huge, and the 4th is tiny and made from scraps from the first 3.
Would have been better to go your route, and just have fun colors be the theme!
- December 8, 2010 at 8:36 PM
- Kristie said...
How many kiddos are you planning???
- December 8, 2010 at 9:15 PM
- Amy said...
simply gorgeous! Love them all!
- December 8, 2010 at 9:17 PM
- Amy said...
So cute!!!
- December 8, 2010 at 9:32 PM
- Ruth said...
Very pretty and WOW that was quick!!
- December 8, 2010 at 9:38 PM
- Artfulmama said...
This is exactly what i have been looking for! I'm looking forward to your tutorial.
- December 8, 2010 at 10:01 PM
- yenni said...
i love them...it's so colourful...^^
- December 8, 2010 at 11:22 PM
- Ginger said...
Great fabric choices! I love how the stockings all turned out.
- December 9, 2010 at 4:33 AM
- Jenny said...
I love these. I have also been admiring the ones on Camille's blog. ;)
- December 9, 2010 at 4:51 AM
- crickets said...
I made our kids stockings using leftover fabric from their baby quilts, and just 2 years ago finally made my hubby and I new ones. I just love them! They are all different fabrics, but they reflect our individuality.
Your stockings came out super cute - really love the blocks patterns you used!
- December 9, 2010 at 5:04 AM
- The Cottage Mama said...
LOVE these ~ so beautiful and so special because they are handmade. Great colors!
- December 9, 2010 at 5:56 AM
- homemadepineapplemarshmallows said...
Adorable!! Such sweet stockings :) What's the yellow and grey dot? I am looking for one like that and can't find one anywhere!
- December 9, 2010 at 6:22 AM
- Domini said...
So funny, I just did the exact same thing! Of course yours are much nicer. I just learned how to sew though!
- December 9, 2010 at 7:00 AM
- Kristan Anne said...
They're so adorable! Thanks for the link to Simplify, that's such a great blog too!
- December 9, 2010 at 7:09 AM
- Sherri said...
You have been working fast! I got Camille's pattern and am finishing up the hexagon one today...hopefully I can make a few others next week!
- December 9, 2010 at 7:36 AM
- The Extra Ordinary Bree said...
I love that you took your stockings back AFTER tracing the pattern... I thought I was the only one who did that kind of stuff!!
- December 9, 2010 at 7:51 AM
- Krista Hansen said...
I love them!!! I can't wait for the tutorial.
- December 9, 2010 at 8:17 AM
- QuiltyGirl said...
I'm with ya on the level of matchy matchy!
Very cute!
- December 9, 2010 at 8:26 AM
- Jemm said...
Just gorgeous! LOVE these.
- December 9, 2010 at 8:29 AM
- Sandy said...
Love, love those fabrics...
- December 9, 2010 at 9:33 AM
- Sherri said...
Ok...so you motivated me to finish mine...hope it's okay I linked to this post in my post today...really love these!
- December 9, 2010 at 10:10 AM
- Jayme said...
Hey you! So you found something to do with those little triangles!! I love the stockings! I might just have to make some for my mom to leopard at her house for guests because we don't have any here. The cuff is the worst part for me so any advice on that would be really helpful! Hope you're staying warm!!!
- December 9, 2010 at 10:38 AM
- Jayme said...
Leopord? Meant "keep". Stupid auto speller on my phone!!
- December 9, 2010 at 10:39 AM
- live a colorful life said...
These are SO cute!!
- December 9, 2010 at 11:43 AM
- Meg said...
I love these!! I need to make my family stockings! I need to dive into the fabric stashes and see what there is!!
- December 9, 2010 at 11:46 AM
- Carrie P. said...
so very cute.
- December 9, 2010 at 12:53 PM
- Tasha said...
These are beyond fabulous. Completely in love with them. You make the most fabulous things ever. Seriously.
- December 9, 2010 at 1:46 PM
- tracy_a said...
- December 9, 2010 at 2:05 PM
- Katy said...
If you don't mind, just whip up 4 more for us as well! If I've said it once I've said a 1000 times - I love the fabric combinations you pick out. I don't think I could pick out so many as well as you and have them all look good together. Sigh.
Love them!
- December 9, 2010 at 2:45 PM
- Mrs. Doodle said...
these are awesome!!!! I am working on making some of these tonight and looked for a tutorial online... Farbicworm had a good one and thought I would share incase anyone was like me.... cheap and waiting until the last minute:)
- December 9, 2010 at 5:53 PM
- Minx's Den said...
how adorable!!! gives me some inspiration! thanks for sharing!
- December 9, 2010 at 7:11 PM
- Courtenay said...
These are beautiful! I'm sooo jealous!
- December 10, 2010 at 7:11 PM
- Linda said...
Thank you for this Tutorial. I completely understand your dilemma with linings etc as I have exactly the same problem (including Foundation piecing!) I got myself in a complete whirl recently trying to figure out how to line a simple Tote Bag. I think it's a lack of Spacial Awareness, obviously a missing gene and I also have difficulties with Left & Right!
- December 10, 2010 at 11:27 PM
- aformalfeelingcomes said...
Thanks for the tutorial, I love it! I love the variety you made, they look great.
- December 11, 2010 at 9:50 AM
- Mary Ann said...
Your finished stockings are just fabulous!!
Thanks for the tutorial on the lining! That's really clever!!!
All the best!
- December 11, 2010 at 10:56 AM
- Rachelle said...
Good for you! These are so pretty.
- December 13, 2010 at 1:59 PM
- jacqui jones said...
these are beautiful i want some
heres a link to your rose pillow i made and your circle quilt. i loved them both so much
thanks so much for all your tutorials
- December 18, 2010 at 6:56 PM


text:
Office of Court Administration
The Office of Court Administration ("OCA") is the administrative arm of the court system, under the direction of the Chief Administrative Judge. The Chief Administrative Judge is assisted by the First Deputy Chief Administrative Judge and the Executive Director.
Links to OCA Offices
ADA | Administrative Services | ADR | Attorney Registration |
CLE | Counsel's Office | Court Facilities | Professional and Court Services |
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Inspector General | Internal Audit Services | Interpreting Services |
Juror Service | Legal Information |
Press | Procurement | Public Affairs | Public Safety |
Records Management | Technology | Workforce Diversity
Information about the Courts or a Particular Case:
Juror Information:
1-800-NYJUROR (1-800-695-8767), or 212-428-2990
Contact OCA
By Mail:
NYS Unified Court System
Office of Court Administration
25 Beaver Street - Rm. 852
New York, NY 10004
NYS Unified Court System
Office of Court Administration
4 ESP, Suite 2001
Empire State Plaza
Albany, NY 12223-1450
By E-Mail:
By Phone:
NYC Office: 212-428-2700
Albany Office: 518-453-8650
For Emergency applications in Supreme Court civil cases outside of regular court hours, call: (800) 430-8457, or email: email@example.com


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The New Encyclopćdia Britannica, Volume 30
Encyclopćdia Britannica, 1982 - Encyclopedias and dictionaries
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I love these. I bought the set as a graduation present for myself. And of course I haven't read it all. Read full review
Review: Encyclopaedia Britannica (Set)User Review - Goodreads
I was so torn while reading this book. I couldn't tell if it was fiction or non-fiction. The drama was almost unbearable at times, riveting and engrossing. Then there were times when an Ambien would have kept me awake trying to turn the pages. Overall...the ending really made the book. Read full review
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It was a nice little break, but I really miss baking when I don't do it. There is so much satisfaction for me in seeing a full cookie jar. And then joy, in seeing it empty, knowing everyone enjoyed them, and I get to fill it again.
I was sort of burnt out on the whole Girl Scout Cookie flavor, so didn't try any of the recipes for the Homemade Girl Scout Cookies. I still plan to, one day.
Sherri e-mailed me with a link to this recipe, and I have been thinking about them ever since. I decided not to tell the kids the name of them to see if they liked the flavor.
They are espresso-chocolate shortbread cookies. I love the whole process of these. Again, another slice and bake where the dough can be made ahead of time. All three of my kids loved them. My eight year old knew instantly that they were coffee flavored. My twelve year old said he never tasted that flavor, but loved it. Hmm.
The recipe calls for instant espresso. I didn't buy anything fancy, just Folgers, decaf. It actually smelled so good I had to make myself a cup. Really. I used to drink Folgers instant coffee in my dorm my freshman year of college. It tasted really great. I don't know if it was the coffee or the memories.


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Autonomic Dysfunction & Dysautonomia Index
Our Community:
- The Dysautonomia (Autonomic Dysfunction) Community
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- Heiferly
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Our Health Pages:
- Autonomic Dysfunction FAQ: --Includes frequently asked questions about the Autonomic Nervous System, ANS Dysfunctions, and the Vasovagal Reflex. Also additional resourses for various forms of Dysautonomia and Autonomic Dysfunction such as POTS, NCS, NMS, PAF, MSA, FD, HSAN, and more.
- Diagnosing Dysautonomia: --A kind of simplistic walkthrough of the (usually quite long) process of diagnosing Dysautonomia and Autonomic Dysfunction. Includes links to descriptions of both tests that rule out other illnesses, as well as specific testing of the Autonomic Nervous System.
- Dysautonomia Specialists: --A list of Specialists from all over the world that both diagnose, and treat dysfunctions of the Autonomic Nervous System. Including links to hospitals with specialty autonomic labs for such as Vanderbilt and Cleveland Clinic.
- Further Reading...: --A list of many articles relating to disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System written by various doctors, and other researchers. Whether you have Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, Neurocardiogenic Syncope, Autoimmune Autonomic Neuropathy, Familial Dysautonomia, or another disorder of the Autonomic Nervous System, this list is a great way to get started on your own research about Dysautonomia.
- Autonomic Dysfunction Treatments: --There is no cure for Autonomic Dysfunction, but there are treatments to make symptoms more managable. Here are some of the treatments that have worked for others in our community.
- Lifestyle Changes: --A guide to lifestyle changes that may help patients with Dysautonomia. Also includes ideas on avoiding triggers.
- Genetic Dysautonomias: --There are many different types of Dysautonomia. Some are genetic, while others are not genetic. This page contains informational links about several genetic forms of Dysautonomia, as well as genetic diseases related to Dysautonomia such as Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
- Childhood Dysautonomia: --Links to articles regarding support of children, and parents of children with Dysautonomia. Includes links to DYNA articles about education in children with Dysautonomia.
- Other Important Links: --Important links to Dysautonomia research websites, and foundations researching illnesses that often overlap with Autonomic Dysfunction and Dysautonomia. This page also contains links to disability services, and news relating to the Dysautonomia.
- MedHelp Expert Activity: --Expert activity on MedHelp related to Autonomic Dysfunction, Dysautonomia, Vasovagal, POTS, NCS, etc. Searched for periodically, then added to this page so that it's easier to find.
- Conversational Links: --Links to several of the more popular conversations within the Dysautonomia and Autonomic Dysfunction community.
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text: When going on outdoor adventures it's a good idea to be ready for anything. Tiny Trekkers offers insect repellent spray, sunblock and adventure accessory kits from reliable brands like Ben's and Lil Gator. Your Trekker won't be distracted by bugs or boo boos with our variety of first aid and personal care products.


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A secure multiple application card system and process is provided having secure loading and deleting capability by use of a Certification Authority and Personalization Bureau. The certification authority maintains the security of the system by requiring IC cards to be injected with its public key and a card identifier for uniquely identifying each card, by providing a personalization data block for each card, and by signing with its private key all applications to be loaded or deleted from the IC card.
1. A method for securely loading an application onto at least one integrated circuit (IC) card, comprising:
a first step of determining, based at least upon an encrypted personalization data block, whether the at least one IC card is part of a qualified set of IC cards to accept loading of said application; and
a second step of loading the application onto the IC card only if the first step determines that the IC card is qualified to accept the loading of the application.
2. A method for securely deleting an application from at least one integrated circuit (IC) card, comprising:
a first step of determining, based at least upon an encrypted personalization data block, whether the at least one IC card is part of a qualified set of IC cards to accept deleting of said application; and
a second step of deleting the application from the IC card only if the first step determines that the IC card is qualified to accept the deleting of the application.
This application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/076,551, filed on May 12, 1998, entitled "Secure Multiple Application Card System and Process," now U.S. Pat. No. 6,317,832, which claims the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 60/046,514 filed on May 15, 1997, entitled "Design for a Multi Application Smart Card" and U.S. provisional patent application 60/046,543 filed on May 15, 1997, entitled "Virtual Machine for a Multi Application Smart Card"; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/076,551 is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/023,057 filed on Feb. 12, 1998, entitled "Secure Multi-Application IC Card System Having Selective and Deleting Capability," now U.S. Pat. No. 6,575,372, which claims the priority benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 60/046,514 filed on May 15, 1997, entitled "Design for a Multi Application Smart Card" and Great Britain patent application 9703591.9 filed on Feb. 21, 1997, entitled "Multiple Application Computer System. All five of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference into the present patent application in their entireties.
Integrated circuit ("IC") cards are becoming increasingly used for many different purposes in the world today. An IC card (also called a smart card) typically is the size of a conventional credit card which contains a computer chip including a microprocessor, read-only-memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only-memory (EEPROM), an Input/Output (I/O) mechanism and other circuitry to support the microprocessor in its operations. An IC card may contain a single application or may contain multiple independent applications in its memory. MULTOS™ is a multiple application operating system which runs on IC cards, among other platforms, and allows multiple applications to be executed on the card itself. This allows a card user to run many programs stored in the card (for example, credit/debit, electronic money/purse and/or loyalty applications) irrespective of the type of terminal (i.e., ATM, telephone and/or POS) in which the card is inserted for use.
A conventional single application IC card, such as a telephone card or an electronic cash card, is loaded with a single application at its personalization stage. That application, however, cannot be modified or changed after the card is issued even if the modification is desired by the card user or card issuer. Moreover, if a card user wanted a variety of application functions to be performed by IC cards issued to him or her, such as both an electronic purse and a credit/debit function, the card user would be required to carry multiple physical cards on his or her person, which would be quite cumbersome and inconvenient. If an application developer or card user desired two different applications to interact or exchange data with each other, such as a purse application interacting with a frequent flyer loyalty application, the card user would be forced to swap multiple cards in and out of the card-receiving terminal, making the transaction difficult, lengthy and inconvenient.
Therefore, it is beneficial to store multiple applications on the same IC card. For example, a card user may have both a purse application and a credit/debit application on the same card so that the user could select which type of payment (by electronic cash or credit card) to use to make a purchase. Multiple applications could be provided to an IC card if sufficient memory exists and an operating system capable of supporting multiple applications is present on the card. Although multiple applications could be pre-selected and placed in the memory of the card during its production stage, it would also be beneficial to have the ability to load and delete applications for the card post-production as needed.
The increased flexibility and power of storing multiple applications on a single card create new challenges to be overcome concerning the integrity and security of the information (including application code and associated data) exchanged between the individual card and the application provider as well as within the entire system when loading and deleting applications. It would be beneficial to have the capability in the IC card system to exchange data among cards, card issuers, system operators and application providers securely and to load and delete applications securely at any time from either a terminal or remotely over a telephone line, internet or intranet connection or other data conduit. Because these data transmission lines are not typically secure lines, a number of security and entity-authentication techniques must be implemented to make sure that applications being sent over the transmission lines are only loaded on the intended cards.
As mentioned, it is important—particularly where there is a continuing wide availability of new applications to the cardholder—that the system has the capability of adding applications onto the IC card subsequent to issuance. This is necessary to protect the longevity of the IC cards; otherwise, once an application becomes outdated, the card would be useless. In this regard, to protect against the improper or undesired loading of applications onto IC cards, it would be beneficial for the IC card system to have the capability of controlling the loading process and restricting, when necessary or desirable, the use of certain applications to a limited group or number of cards such that the applications are "selectively available" to the IC-cards in the system. This "selective capability" would allow the loading and deleting of applications at, for example, a desired point in time in the card's life cycle. It would also allow the loading of an application only to those cards chosen to receive the selected application.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide these important features and specifically a secure IC-card system that allows for selective availability of smart card applications which may be loaded onto IC cards.
These and other objectives are achieved by the present invention which provides an IC card system comprising at least one integrated circuit card and having a certification authority and a personalization bureau. The certification authority ("CA") maintains encryption and decryption keys for the entire system and provides the card manufacturer with security data to be placed on the card at manufacture.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, an IC card is injected at manufacture with the public key of the CA and a card identifier for uniquely identifying each of the cards. Subsequent to manufacturer, the cards are preferably provided to a personalization bureau ("PB") which could be a card issuer, for enabling the cards. The PB obtains from the cards the identifiers and forwards a list of card identifiers to the CA.
The CA in turn creates a personalization data block for each card identifier, and each data block preferably includes card personalization data and an individual key set. The data block is encrypted and forwarded back to the PB. By using the card identifier, the PB then matches the cards with the encrypted data blocks and separately loads each data block onto the matched card, and preferably sets an enablement bit indicating that the card has been enabled and is ready for application loading.
The application loading process is preferably performed at the PB. At first, the system checks to see whether the card to be loaded is qualified (as defined below) to accept the loading of a specific application. The application loader via a terminal will be advised if the card is qualified and, if so, a check will be done using the CA's public key to determine whether the application to be loaded has been signed by the CA's secret key indicating that the application to be loaded has been allowed by the CA.
Further objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures showing illustrative embodiments of the invention, in which
Throughout the figures, the same reference numerals and characters, unless otherwise stated, are used to denote like features, elements, components or portions of the illustrated embodiments. Moreover, while the subject invention will now be described in detail with reference to the figures, it is done so in connection with the illustrative embodiments. It is intended that changes and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the true scope and spirit of the subject invention as defined by the appended claims.
The present invention provides an IC card system and process which allow the flexibility to load and delete selected applications over the lifetime of a multi-application IC card in response to the needs or desires of the card user, card issuers and/or application developers. A card user who has such a card can selectively load and delete applications as desired if allowed by the card issuer in conjunction with the system operator or Certification Authority ("CA") which controls the loading and deleting process by certifying the transfer of information relating to the process.
By allowing applications to be selectively loaded and deleted from the card, a card issuer can extend additional functionality to an individual IC card without having to issue new cards. Moreover, application developers can replace old applications with new enhanced versions, and applications residing on the same card using a common multiple application operating system may interact and exchange data in a safe and secure manner. For example, a frequent flyer loyalty program may automatically credit one frequent flyer mile to a card user's internal account for every dollar spent with the Mondex purse or with a credit/debit application. By allowing the ability to selectively load and delete applications, the card user, subject to the requirements of the card issuer, also has the option of changing loyalty programs as desired.
A card issuer or application developer may intend that a particular application be loaded on only one card for a particular card user in a card system. A regional bank may desire to have a proprietary application reside only on the cards which the bank issues. The present invention would allow for this selective loading and specifically allow for the prevention of loading proprietary applications onto unauthorized cards issued by others.
To achieve these desired objectives, the present invention gives each card a specific identity by storing "card personalization data" on the card. Moreover, each application to be loaded or deleted on one or more cards in the system is assigned "application permissions data" which specify the cards upon which the applications may be loaded.
The type of personalized data can vary depending upon the needs and requirements of the card system. In the preferred embodiment, described in greater detail below, the personalization data include unique card identification designation data, the card issuer, the product class or type (which is defined by the card issuer) and the date of personalization. However, not all of these data elements are required to be used and additional elements could also be included.
The application permissions data associated with an application, also described in greater detail below, can be a single value in an identity field or could include multiple values in the identity field. For example, the application permissions data in the card issuer field could represent both product class A and product class B from a certain Bank X, indicating that the application could be loaded onto cards designated as product classes A and B issued by Bank X (as indicated in the card product ID field of the card's personalization data).
In addition, a "global value" could be stored in the issuer field (or other field) of the application permissions data indicating that all IC cards in the system regardless of who issued the card would match this permissions field. In this case, for example, a data value of zero stored in the application permissions card-issuer field will match all of the cards' personalization card-issuer fields.
More specifically, this public key stored on the card will allow the individual card to verify data signed with the CA's private key. The public key of the CA, which is stored on the card, is used only for determining if the data sent to the card was signed with the proper CA private key. This allows the card to verify the source of any message coming from the CA.
Step 205 inserts a card enablement key in a secure portion of EEPROM in the card to facilitate card specific confidentiality during enablement, and step 207 inserts a card identifier in EEPROM of the card. The identifier, which can be accessed by any terminal, will allow the system to determine the identity of the card in later processes. The identifier is freely available and will not be used to authenticate messages.
Step 209 stores the operating system code in ROM on the card including any primitives which are called or supported by the operating system. The primitives are written in native language code (e.g., assembly language) and are stored in ROM. The primitives are subroutines which may be called by the operating system or by applications residing on the card such as mathematic functions (multiply or divide), data retrieval, data manipulation or cryptographic algorithms. The primitives can be executed very quickly because they are written in the native language of the processor. After the IC cards are manufactured, they are sent to a personalization bureau ("PB") to enable and personalize the card by storing card personalization data in the memory of the card. The terms enablement and personalization are used interchangeably herein to indicate the preparatory steps taken to allow the card to be loaded securely with an application. The individual cards are preferably manufactured in batches and are sent to a personalization bureau in a group for processing.
The PB typically processes a group of cards at the same time, and will first compile a list of IC card identification data for the group of cards it is personalizing. The PB then sends electronically (or otherwise) this list of identification data to the Certification Authority (CA") which creates a personalization (or enablement) data block for each card identifier. The data block includes the card personalization data organized in a number of identity fields and an individual key set for the card, discussed below. These data blocks are then encrypted and sent to the PB in step 302. By using the card identification data, the PB then matches the cards with the encrypted data blocks and separately loads each data block onto the matched card. To insure that the CA controls the identity of the card and the integrity of the system, the PB never obtains knowledge of the content of the data blocks transferred. Some aspects of the personalization are requested by the card issuer to the CA in order to affect their preferred management of the cards they issue. The following additional steps are performed.
Step 303 first checks to see if an enablement bit stored in EEPROM of the card has been already set. If it already has been set, the card has already been configured and personalized and the enablement process will end as shown in step 304. A card cannot be enabled and personalized twice. If the bit has not been set, then the process w continues with step 305.
In step 305, the individualized card key set for the card being enabled (which key set is generated at the CA) is stored on the card. The keys can be used later in off-card verification (i.e., to verify that the card is an authentic card). This verification is necessary to further authenticate the card as the one for which the application was intended.
Step 307 generates four different MULTOS Security Manager (MSM) characteristic data elements (otherwise referred to herein as personalization data) for the card at the CA which are used for securely and correctly loading and deleting applications from a particular card. The MSM characteristics also allow for the loading of applications on specific classes of identified cards. (These MSM characteristics are further described in connection with
Other data can also be stored on the card at this time as needed by the system design such as an address table or further subroutines.
Step 311 sets the enablement bit in EEPROM of the card which indicates that the enablement process has been completed for the particular card. When this bit is set, another enablement process cannot occur on the card. This ensures that only one personalization and enablement process will occur to the card thus preventing illegal tampering of the card or altering the card by mistake. In the preferred embodiment, the enablement bit is initially not set when the card is manufactured and is set at the end of the enablement process.
Control logic 411 in memory cards provides sufficient sequencing and switching to handle read-write access to the card's memory through the input/output ports. CPU 401 with its control logic can perform calculations, access memory locations, modify memory contents, and manage input/output ports. Some cards have a coprocessor for handling complex computations like cryptographic algorithms. Input/output ports 413 are used under the control of a CPU and control logic alone, for communications between the card and a card acceptance device. Timer 409 (which generates or provides a clock pulse) drives the control logic 411 and CPU 401 through the sequence of steps that accomplish memory access, memory reading or writing, processing, and data communication. A timer may be used to provide application features such as call duration. Security circuitry 415 includes fusible links that connect the input/output lines to internal circuitry as required for testing during manufacture, but which are destroyed ("blown") upon completion of testing to prevent later access. The personalization data to qualify the card is stored in a secured location of EEPROM 405. The comparing of the personalization data to applications permissions data is performed by the CPU 401.
Step 503 loads the data structure for the identity field "issuer ID" called "msm_mcd_permissions_mcd_issuer_id." This nomenclature stands for a MULTOS card device issuer identification number. Each card issuer (such as a particular bank, financial institution or other company involved with an application) will be assigned a unique number in the card system. Each IC card in the MULTOS system will contain information regarding the card issuer which personalized the card or is responsible for the card. A card issuer will order a certain number of cards from a manufacturer and perform or have performed the personalization process as described herein. For example, a regional bank may order 5,000 cards to be distributed to its customers. The "mcd_issuer_id" data structure on these cards will indicate which issuer issued the cards. In the preferred embodiment, the data structure is 4 bytes long (as shown in
Step 505 loads the data structure for the identity field "product ID" called "msm_mcd_permissions_mcd_issuer_product_id." This nomenclature stands for MULTOS card device issuer product identification number. Each card issuer may have different classes of products or cards which it may want to differentiate. For example, a bank could issue a regular credit card with one product ID, a gold credit card with another product ID and a platinum card with still another product ID. The card issuer may wish to load certain applications onto only one class of credit cards. A gold credit card user who pays an annual fee may be entitled to a greater variety of applications than a regular credit card user who pays no annual fee. The product ID field identifies the card as a particular class and will later allow the card issuer to check the product ID and only load applications onto cards which match the desired class.
Another way to differentiate products is by application type, such as by categorizing the application as financial, legal, medical and/or recreational, or by assigning particular applications to a group of cards. For example, one card issuer may have different loyalty programs available with different companies to different sets of card users. For example, a bank may have an American Airlines« loyalty program and a British Airways« loyalty program for different regions of the country dependent on where the airlines fly. The product type allows the issuer to fix the product classification of the card during the personalization process. When loading applications onto the card, the product type identification number on each card will be checked to make sure it matches the type of card onto which the issuer desires to load. The product type data structure is preferably an indexing mechanism (unlike the other personalization data structure) of 8 bits (as shown at 505A in
Step 507 loads the data structure for the identity field data called "msm_mcd_permissions_mcd_controls_data_date." This nomenclature stands for MULTOS card device controls data date or, in other words, the date on which the card was personalized so that, for example, the application loader can load cards dated only after a certain date, load cards before a certain date (e.g., for application updates) or load cards with a particular data date. The information can include the year, month and day of personalization or may include less information, if desired. The data_date data structure is preferably 1 byte in length (see 507A in
Once all of the personalization data structures are loaded and stored in the card, the card has been identified by issuer, product class, date and identification number (and other data fields, if desired), and the card cannot change its identity; these fields cannot be changed in the memory of the card. If a card user wants to change the product_id stored in the card to gain access to different applications available to another product type, a new card will have to be issued to the user containing the correct personalization data. This system is consistent with a gold card member receiving a new card when the classification is changed to platinum.
After the card has been enabled and personalized by storing its individual card key set, MSM personalization characteristics and enablement bit as described in
The application loading process contains a number of security and card configuration checks to ensure the secure and proper loading of an application onto the intended IC card. The application loading process is preferably performed at the personalization bureau so that the card will contain one or more applications when the card is issued. The card may contain certain common applications which will be present on every card the issuer sends out, such as an electronic purse application or a credit/debit application. Alternatively, the personalization bureau could send the enabled cards to a third party for the process of loading applications. The multiple application operating system stored in the ROM of each card and the card MSM personalization data is designed to allow future loading and deleting of applications after the card has been issued depending upon the desires of the particular card user and the responsible card issuer. Thus, an older version of an application stored on the IC card could be replaced with a new version of the application. An additional loyalty application could also be added to the card after it has been initially sent to the card user because the application is newly available or the user desires to use the new application. These loading and deleting functions for applications can be performed directly by a terminal or may be performed over telephone lines, data lines, a network such as the Internet or any other way of transmitting data between two entities. In the present IC card system, the process of transmitting the application program and data ensures that only IC cards containing the proper personalization data and which fit on application permissions profile will be qualified and receive the corresponding application program and data.
After the open command has been executed, the application loader via the terminal will be advised if the card contains the proper identification personalization data and if enough room exists in the memory of the card for the application code and related data. If there is insufficient memory, then a negative response is returned by the card and the process is abended (abnormally ended). If the identification personalization data does not match the applications permissions data, a warning response is given in step 603, but the process continues to the load and create steps. Alternatively, if there is no match, the process may automatically be abended. If a positive response is returned by the card to the terminal in step 605, the application loader preferably proceeds to next steps. The open command allows the application to preview the card before starting any transfer of the code and data.
Step 607 then loads the application code and data onto the IC card into EEPROM. The actual loading occurs in conjunction with create step 609 which completes the loading process and enables the application to execute on the IC card after it is loaded. The combination of the open, load and create commands are sent by the terminal, or another application provider source, to the IC card to perform the application loading process. The operating system in the IC cards is programmed to perform a specific set of instructions with respect to each of these commands so that the IC card will communicate with and properly carry out the instructions from the terminal.
Step 609 performs the create command which at least: (1) checks if an application load certificate is signed (encrypted) by the CA and therefore authenticates the application as a proper application for the system; and (2) checks the card personalization data stored on the card against the permissions profile for the application to be loaded to qualify the card for loading. It may do other checks as required. If one of the checks fails, then a failure response 610 is given and the process aborts. The application after it has passed these checks will be loaded into the memory of the card.
Step 711 checks if there is sufficient space in the memory on the card to store the application code and its associated data. Applications will typically have associated data related to their functions. This data will be used and manipulated when the application is run. Storage space in the memory of an IC card is a continuing concern due to the relatively large physical space required for EEPROM and how it fits in the integrated circuit which is desired to be small enough to fit on a credit card sized card. An example of the size of a preset EEPROM on an IC card is 16K bytes although the actual size varies. Applications can range from 1K byte or less for a very simple application up to the size of available memory for a more sophisticated application. The data associated with an application can range from no data being stored in the card memory to a size constrained by the amount of available memory. These varied sizes of application code and data continually increase as applications become more advanced and diverse.
MULTOS as an operating system is not limited by the number of applications and associated data it can store on the card. Thus, if five applications can fit in the available memory of the card, the card user will have greatly increased functionality than if one or two applications were stored on the card. Once a card's memory is filled to its capacity, however, a new application cannot be loaded onto the card unless another application including its code and data of sufficient size can be deleted. Therefore, checking the amount of available space on the card is an important step. If there is not sufficient space, then an insufficient space response 713 will be returned to the terminal. The application loader can then decide if another existing application on the card should be deleted to make room for the new application. Deletion depends upon the card issuer having an application delete certificate from the CA. If there is sufficient space on the card, then the process continues with step 715.
An example of the testing of memory spaces in step 711 is now described. The numbers used in this example in no way limit the scope of the invention but are used only to illustrate memory space requirements. An IC card may have 16K available EEPROM when it is first manufactured. The operating system data necessary for the operating system may take up 2K of memory space. Thus, 14K would remain. An electronic purse application's code is stored in EEPROM and may take up 8K of memory space. The purse application's required data may take up an additional 4K of memory space in EEPROM. The memory space which is free for other applications would thus be 2K (16K−2K−8K−4K=2K). If a card issuer wants to load a credit/debit application whose code is 6K bytes in size onto the card in this example, the application will not fit in the memory of the IC card. Therefore, the application cannot load the new application without first removing the purse application from the card. If a new credit/debit application was loaded into EEPROM of the IC card, then it would have to overwrite other application's code or data. The application loader is prevented from doing this.
Accordingly, applications can be selectively stored on individual cards in the IC card system on virtually any basis, including the following. An application can be loaded selectively to cards containing one or more specific card numbers. An application can be selectively loaded on one or more cards containing a specified card issuer ID. Moreover, an application can be loaded only upon one type of product specified by the particular card issuer, and/or the application can be loaded only on cards which have a specified date or series of dates of personalization. Each of the personalization data allows an application to be selectively loaded onto certain cards or groups of cards and also ensures that cards without the proper permissions will not receive the application. Personalization data types in addition to the four described can also be used as needed.
The selection of IC cards upon which a particular application may be loaded is made possible by the use of "applications permissions data" which is assigned to the application and represents at least one set of cards upon which the application may be loaded. The set may be based on virtually any factor, including one or more of the following: card numbers, card issuers, product types or personalization dates. Although the individual card's personalization data typically identify one specific number, one card issuer, one product type and one date, the application's permissions data may indicate a card number or a blanket permission, a card issuer or a blanket permission, and a number of product types and dates.
For example, a frequent loyalty program may be configured to allow its loading and use on cards in different product classes belonging to one card issuer. In addition, the application permissions data may indicate that the loyalty program can be used on gold and platinum product types if the card was issued after May, 1998. Thus, the MSM permissions check will determine if the card's individual personalization data is included in the allowed or permissible set of cards upon which the application may be loaded. If it is, the application will be loaded.
To expedite the comparison process, an alternative embodiment may include setting one or more permissions data at zero representing a blanket permission for that particular data. For instance, by placing a zero for the "card number" entry in the application permissions data or some other value indicating that all cards may be loaded regardless of their number, the system knows not to deny any cards based on their card number. Moreover, if a zero is placed in the application's permissions data "issuer ID," then all cards similarly will pass the "issuer" test comparison. This feature allows greater flexibility in selecting groups of cards. The zero indicator could also be used for other permissions data, as required.
Referring to
Step 805 checks if the application permissions allowable card issuer number set encompasses the card's issuer number stored in the memory of the card or if the application permissions issuer data is zero (indicating all cards pass this individual permissions check). Each card issuer is assigned a number by the system operator and the cards are selectively checked to ensure that applications are loaded only on cards distributed by authorized card issuers. The application permissions card issuer number set can be 4 bytes long if one issuer is designated or can be longer depending upon the needs of the system. If the issuer check fails, then the card returns a failure message to the terminal in step 807. If the check passes, then the process continues with step 809.
Step 809 checks if the application permissions date set encompasses the card's data date stored in the memory of the card. The date that the IC card was personalized will be stored and will preferably include at least the month and year. The cards are selectively checked to ensure that applications are loaded only on cards with the authorized personalization date. The application permissions date set can be 32 bytes long which includes multiple dates or can be a different length depending upon the needs of the system. If the date permissions check fails, then the card returns a failure message to the terminal in step 811. If the date check passes, then the process continues with step 813.
Step 813 checks if the application permissions allowable card number set encompasses the card's ID number stored in the card memory or if the application permissions allowable card number data is zero (indicating all cards pass this individual permissions check). The testing of the permissions is performed on the card during the execution of the open, load and create commands. The application permissions card number data set can be 8 bytes long if one number is designated or can be longer depending upon the needs of the system. If the card number check fails, then the card returns a failure message to the terminal in step 815. If the check passes, then the process continues with step 817.
The card user would contact a card issuer 113, such as a bank which distributes IC cards, and request an IC card with the two applications both residing in memory of a single IC card. The integrated circuit chip for the IC card would be manufactured by manufacturer 102 and sent to the card issuer 113 (or an entity acting on its behalf) in the form of an IC chip on a card. As discussed above (see steps 201–209), during the manufacturing process, data is transmitted 115 via a data conduit from the manufacturer 102 to card 107 and stored in IC card 107's memory. (Any of the data conduits described in this figure could be a telephone line, Internet connection or any other transmission medium.) The certification authority 111, which maintains encryption/decryption keys for the entire system, transmits 117 security data (i.e., global public key) to the manufacturer over a data conduit which is placed on the card by the manufacturer along with other data, such as the card enablement key and card identifier. The card's multiple application operating system is also stored in ROM and placed on the card by the manufacturer. After the cards have been initially processed, they are sent to the card issuer for personalization and application loading.
The card issuer 113 performs, or has performed by another entity, two separate functions. First, the personalization bureau 104 personalizes the IC card 107 in the ways described above, and second, the application loader 106 loads the application provided the card is qualified, as described.
Regarding personalization, an individualized card key set is generated by the CA and stored on the card (see
The application loader 106, which could use the same terminal or data conduit as personalization bureau 104, first needs to have determined if the card is qualified to accept the application. This comparison process takes place on the card itself (as instructed by its operating system) using the permissions information. The card, if it is qualified, thus selectively loads the application onto itself based upon the card's identity and the card issuer's instructions. The application loader communicates 119 with the IC card via a terminal or by some other data conduit. After the applications have been loaded on the card, the card is delivered to the card user 109 for use.
The secure multiple application IC card system described herein allows for selective loading and deleting of applications at any point in the life cycle of the IC card after the card has been personalized. Thus, a card user could also receive a personalized card with no applications and then select a desired application over a common transmission line such as a telephone line or Internet connection.
For instance, IC card 151 will use the following procedure to load a new application onto the card. IC card 101 is connected to terminal 153 and the terminal requests that an application be loaded. Terminal 153 contacts application load/delete entity 155 which, as a result and in conjunction with card issuer 171, sends the application code, data and application permissions data (along with any other necessary data) to terminal 153. Terminal 153 then queries card 151 to ensure it is the correct card onto which the application may be loaded. If IC card passes the checks discussed above, the application is loaded onto card 151. The CA 157 provides the application load or delete certificate that enables the application to be loaded or deleted from the card. This example shows one way to load the application, but other variations using the same principles could be performed, such as directly loading the application at the application load/delete entity 155.
The foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise numerous systems and methods which, although not explicitly shown or described herein, embody the principles of the invention and are thus within the spirit and scope of the invention.
For example, it will be appreciated that the MSM personalization and permissions data may not only be used for loading applications onto IC cards but also for deleting applications from said cards. The same checks involving MSM permissions and loading applications are made for deleting applications. A delete certificate from the CA authorizing the deletion of an application will control from which cards the application may be deleted. This is accomplished through the personalization data stored on each IC card and the permissions check as described herein.
Moreover, the data may also be applicable to personal computers or other units onto which applications may be loaded which are not physically loaded on cards. In addition, the application's permissions data may actually include data representative of a set or sets of cards to be excluded, instead of included—cards that cannot be loaded with the application.
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Level: Junior - Ambassador
Date: Sunday, April 14, 2013
Time: 1:00 pm - 2:30 pm
Location: Camp NOARK, Huntsville
Fee: $10 for first class $6 for each additional class (first class must have been through a Diamonds archery session)
Registration Deadline: Wednesday, March 27, 2013
Minimum/Maximum: 6/18
Service Project: Non-perishable food item to be donated to a local food bank
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2) All necessary equipment will be provided
3) Class will be outdoors; dress according to weather.
4) "Additional" class applies only if the first archery class was through a Diamonds Council basic archery course.
Contact: Linda Archer, firstname.lastname@example.com or ext 5813
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Results 91 to 100 of 112
fist first Philosopher
- Join Date
- Jan 2008
- Location
- Sanctuary of Pallas Athena (Belgium)
- Posts
- 2,669
Posted On:
12/31/2012 6:16am
Style: Savate (LBF/SD/LC) - BJJ2
I just have to raise my upperbody, "punch" my arm through one of the "circles" that his arm/head forms and grab my gi/clothing.
His arm isn't as strong as my complete upperbody and depending in which direction I sweep him, I just go to an armbar or an omoplata.
A dedicated 6 months white belt can do the trick.
Last edited by Rene "Zendokan" Gysenbergs; 12/31/2012 6:32am at .Originally Posted by Jiujitsu77Originally Posted by HumanzeeOriginally Posted by jk55299 on Keysi Fighting Method
Valiant Monk of Booze & War
- Join Date
- Sep 2005
- Location
- Baltimore, MD
- Posts
- 18,449
Posted On:
12/31/2012 8:24am
You have to work the look.
- Join Date
- Jan 2008
- Location
- Bat Country
- Posts
- 3,077
Posted On:
12/31/2012 8:51am
You may being the wrong site though, I found this on google for you http://forum.rpg.net/forumdisplay.ph...on-Roleplaying
I wish he'd used Ong Bak instead. Would have read better. With KFM you might jump up, clamping the guy's head w/ your thighs, delivering a double elbow to the dome...all with the fluidity.....
--A combination might start off wrenching someone's arm as they try to grab you, followed by a elbow to the shoulder joint, extending to a hammer fist to inside of the thigh of the rear leg (baring in mind that he his standing behind his assailant, at this point), then an elbow to the kidney, and a punch to the chest, from over the shoulder, extending into a one armed sleeper hold, while the other arm monitors for other potential assailants...and all done with the fluidity of a boxer's "jab, cross, hook".