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ELKIN - Elkin kicks off its postseason tonight looking to add another title to its first regular-season Mountain Valley Conference championship in 15 years.
But the quest won't be easy, evident of the Buckin' Elks' final six games of the year. All six contests were decided by seven points or less, with two coming in overtime. Elkin was handed its only league loss in the span to ninth-place Forbush.
"Teams are not playing us full-court man anymore, and that's what we want them to do," head coach Kenneth Abrams explained. "They're dropping back in the half-court and in the zone. And if we don't rebound well, that takes the running out of our game.
"We haven't been rebounding the ball well, and that's why we haven't been running as much. Rebounding is something you have to work on everyday. You can box out all you want, but you have to want to rebound to get the ball."
But despite the close calls, Abrams and the Elks are confident heading into the conference tournament, even with a bullseye on their backs.
"We're very confident and excited heading into the tournament," he said. "It will be at East Wilkes, so you know there will be a crowd over there. We go into every game like that team is undefeated, and that's how we're going to take Ashe County. We'll take them like they haven't lost a game all year. Because if you don't, you'll get snake bitten again.
"My kids are confident, but we have to go out and finish. That's the key word in basketball - finishing, you have to finish, especially in this league," Abrams added.
Elkin takes on eighth-seeded Ashe County in the opening round of the conference tournament tonight at home. The Elks swept the Huskies in the regular season, but had to pull out a hard-fought overtime win when the teams squared off two weeks ago.
Reach Matthew Gorry at 835-1513 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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(October 4, 2012) -- Former Baylor and Washington Redskins quarterback Robert Griffin III was named Thursday as the NFL's Offensive Rookie of the Month for September.
Griffin has completed 86 of 124 passes for 1,070 yards with a passer rating of 103.2 through the Redskins' first four games. He has four touchdowns through the air and four more on the ground while rushing for 234 yards.
Griffin is one of only three quarterbacks in NFL history to pass for more than 1,000 yards through the first four weeks of his debut season, joining fellow 2012 rookie Ryan Tannehill of the Dolphins and Cam Newton last year with the Panthers.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Klaussner Living Room Simone Chair is available from Klaussner Home Furnishings.
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TPS Board tables resolution to transfer properties to cityWritten by John P. McCartney | | email@example.com
Following a presentation by Toledo's deputy mayor of operations, the Toledo Public Schools (TPS) tabled a May 28 resolution to transfer properties to the city. The TPS Board of Education (BOE) sent the resolution back to the Ohio School Facilities Commission (OSFC) Committee's June 19 meeting for further discussion.
"I was aware some board members had some concerns and questions," Deputy Mayor Stephen J. Herwat said. "I was not surprised that the board took the action they did last night. And as I indicated, I would be more than happy to come back. I offered to go to the committee [meeting] last week, but they decided for whatever reason not to invite me. I've offered again to go to the next committee and to come back to next month's board meeting."
Cecilia Adams, Lisa Sobecki and Bob Vasquez were the board members who raised concerns.
Adams asked Herwat for a written agreement to make it less difficult for the BOE to get properties back if the board decided at a future date that the district needed them. Sobecki questioned how the city planned to maintain the properties given "the strains we have in all our budgets."
Initial plans for properties
Herwat told the board the city's initial plans are for the former:
- Beverly Elementary to be turned into open space and to be used to bury underground water tanks for the Toledo Waterways Initiative (TWI).
"We are under a $520 million federal court consent decree for when the sanitary sewer overflows into the waterways," Herwat said. "It's part of the TWI project."
- Martin Luther King, Jr. Elementary to become a park.
- East Side Central Elementary to become a park as well as provide parking for Eastminster United Presbyterian Church.
- East Toledo Junior High to be turned into open space and to be used for TWI underground water tank installation.
- Heffner Elementary to be used by a church group.
- Jones Junior High to become a community garden.
- Lagrange Elementary to become a park.
- Leverette Junior High to be used by the Police Athletic League. "The board has already passed a resolution to give Leverette to us," Herwat said. "And we've already passed an ordinance to accept it."
- Libbey High's football field to be used for recreation by the Mid-City Football League.
- Longfellow Elementary, subject to a previous land swap agreement, to become a park.
- Nathan Hale Elementary to be turned into open space.
- Nelson Grace Park to remain a park.
- Newbury Elementary to become a housing development.
- Robinson Junior High to be turned into open space.
- Sherman Elementary, subject to a previous land swap agreement, to become a park.
- Warren Elementary to be developed by a private contractor into senior housing.
Neighborhood consultation
Vasquez said he was concerned with city plans that included potential residential and senior housing, the installation of sewer lines and underground water tank installation. The third time Vasquez asked for written assurance that the neighborhoods will be consulted before the city develops any of the properties, Herwat said, "We are certainly willing to put that assurance in writing."
Herwat said the city has a well-established policy of listening to neighborhood concerns in all of its property development projects.
"Whenever the city develops a plan, we always meet with the community," he said. "One of the meetings we've already had, because of the previous land swap, is Longfellow School. It's going to become a park. We met with the community and asked, 'What would you like to see?'"
Herwat said the community gardens project at Jones Junior High could take one of many forms.
"It could be where residents plant their own vegetables," Herwat said. "We have a couple of examples in town where groups have installed greenhouses. Kids in the summer work in the greenhouses. Community groups grow vegetables and sell them to help defray the cost of the operation."
Herwat said that the two housing development projects are in their earliest stages.
"Newbury is just speculative," Herwat said. "With Warren, we have had conversations with a group looking to put senior housing there. But that's not a done deal."
Energy independence
Sobecki said she was pleased, but not surprised, that the board voted 5-0 to authorize James Gant, chief business manager, to spend $3 million to purchase 26 transformers and control systems to augment TPS' current energy provider.
"I don't ever expect anything to happen," Sobecki said. "I always hope and wish that things go the way I would like to have them go."
Increase in lunch prices
The board also voted 5-0 to raise lunch prices 20 cents for elementary school and 25 cents for high school lunches for next year. The current elementary school lunch will increase from $1.80 to $2; a high school lunch will increase from $2.25 to $2.50.
Section 205 of the Child Nutrition Reauthorization Act (CNRA) of 2010 requires all school food authorities with an average paid lunch price of less than $2.52 to increase their average paid lunch price or secure non-federal funds to support their non-profit food service account.
At the Food Service Ad Hoc Committee meeting May 20, Gant said the CNRA will require TPS to raise elementary school lunches to $2.45 and high school lunches to $2.90 by 2018.
"My personal opinion is that is too big of a jump," said Brenda Hill, BOE president. "And for families that don't qualify for the free and reduced lunch (FRL) program, that's like a punch in the stomach."
Reynald Debroas, director of Food Service/Child Nutrition, said that 50 percent of TPS students are directly certified to receive a FRL lunch and "we're just 14 percent shy of giving everyone a free lunch."
Gant reported that TPS' provides 78 percent of FRLs citywide.
"An incremental increase is fine," Gant said. "What we really need to find out is if we can legally help parents fill out the FRL application," Gant said. "If we can, we need to have an outreach to help parents. The real question is whether we have enough fosters and runaways out there to raise that additional 14 percent for direct certification."
Sykes said TPS's best tactic might be to turn to county agencies for help in encouraging parents to sign up.
"It's an educational process with the parents," Sykes said. "My recommendation is to work with Job and Family Services. They will help identify and sign our kids up for the FRL program. Mr. Gant, call Deb Ortiz and share with her our concerns that we can do a better job of feeding their recipients."
Financial forecast
In her finance committee report, Adams said Treasurer Matthew Cleland identified seven issues that negatively influence TPS' five-year financial forecast. Cleland's forecast, as required by HB 412, presents four best- and worst-case scenarios.
Cleland said the seven key issues unique to TPS are:
- Hollywood Casino Toledo revenue will not increase yearly, as some project, but will peak in 2014.
- TPS is required to give $81 million of its annual $300 million budget (27 percent) to charter schools.
- TPS is required to give $1 million to charter schools for transportation.
- TPS will lose 5 percent of its federal funds in the sequestration.
- TPS will lose $4 million when the Race to the Top grant expires.
- TPS faces a projected 3 percent increase in salaries in the current union contract negotiations.
Adams also reported that TPS was required to spend $65 million (21.7 percent of its annual budget) in 2011-12 to pay for unfunded mandates. The district will be required to pay $69 million (23 percent) this year.
"We must speak with one voice," Adams said. "We must tell the legislature to send money with the mandates."
Re-establishing wrestling
As chair of the athletics committee, Sobecki said she was pleased the board unanimously voted to fund the wrestling program at the six TPS high schools. Sobecki said the athletic committee does not decide which sports to re-establish. Rather, decisions are made when students, teachers, coaches, staff, parents and community members approach the athletic committee with an interest in re-establishing a particular program.
"Mr. Vasquez and I are not picking one sport over another," she said. "As people come forward to us, we look at the one program they're interested in. I would love to bring each and every one of them back. The reality is that we don't have the funding at this moment."
Postponed decision
Board members returned from a 90-minute executive session at 11:02 p.m. to announce that they had not decided whether to accept or reject a state-appointed referee's ruling to not fire Sandra Meeks-Speller, a suspended TPS assistant principal.
In a prepared statement, Hill said referee Anthony Gretick's recommendations, "which came after six days of testimony, dealt with a great number of issues that we do not know enough about yet to come to a decision. At this time, the board will set a time where it will take formal action to accept or reject the report. We will make no other comments at this time."
In his recommendation, Gretick rejected nearly all of TPS' accusations against Meeks-Speller for allegations that did not merit discipline, biased and unconvincing witness testimony and a lack of evidence.
Sobecki said board members went in executive session to discuss the referee's decision with TPS' legal counsel.
"As a board member for the taxpayers, I think it's our right and responsibility to look and examine this case — and any other case — and get all the information and all answers to your questions before you render a decision. And I was not prepared to render a decision last night because there was still missing information from some of the questions we asked."
Acrimonious confrontation
Sobecki's decision to question a $496 expenditure in the BOE's professional development service fund led to an acrimonious confrontation between Sobecki and Sykes that hung over the second half of the five-and-a-half-hour board meeting. Sykes made continuous references to what he had learned at a Chicago conference that cost the district the $496 in question.
Sobecki said she was only doing what she has done at every board meeting this year — reminding her fellow BOE members to live within their own service fund budget and set the example for all employees that everyone with TPS ties must spend taxpayer money responsibly.
"First of all, I asked a clear question to the treasurer: 'Do we have the funds for this?'
"My second question was, 'Did anyone know about this?'
"I didn't know about this. Ms. Hill didn't know about this trip until after the trip. I saw that our dollar amounts were shrinking in the service fund, and then, all of a sudden, I see a board member taking a trip. I believe if you're spending taxpayer dollars to attend a conference and representing the board, you have an obligation to bring back and share information to help the whole district.
"I have not received one piece of information from Mr. Sykes when he goes on a trip. And I'm not going to vote for an expenditure that I do not know what it's for, what's been brought back and what's been shared.
"And then it got personal."
Sobecki is referring to Sykes statement, "Yes you are" and the conversation that followed when she said, "Mr. Sykes, I'm not picking on you."
"But as I see it, there's nothing wrong with asking questions about expenditures." Sobecki said. "We question employees all the time. 'How are you going to pay for it?'
"But when a board member is asked, I take from the conversation last night that we're not supposed to ask. 'You can ask everyone else, but don't ask me.'
"As a board member, I think I should have that right to be able to ask. Others may feel differently.
"Mr. Sykes' conference talked about food service. My question is, 'OK, what are you bringing back to help us with our $3 million deficit?' I don't know because I haven't been given any information."
As of press time, Sykes was unavailable for comment.
Tags: Anthony Gretick, Bob Vasquez, Brenda Hill, Cecilia Adams, Jim Gant, Larry Sykes, Lisa Sobecki, Matthew Cleland, Ohio School Facilities Commission, Sandra Meeks-Speller, Stephen J. Herwat, Toledo Public Schools


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Federal Emergency Management Agency
Shaun Heasley/Reuters
News about Federal Emergency Management Agency, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Chronology of Coverage
May. 7, 2015
Kit Eaton App Smart column looks at apps from Federal Emergency Management Agency and American Red Cross that can help in event of disasters. MORE
Apr. 1, 2015
New York City will receive $3 billion from Federal Emergency Management Agency for repair and stormproofing of 33 public housing complexes that were damaged in Hurricane Sandy. MORE
Mar. 13, 2015
Federal Emergency Management Agency says it will review every flood insurance claim filed by homeowners affected by Hurricane Sandy, responding to accusations that damage assessment reports were fraudulently altered to minimize claims. MORE
Feb. 17, 2015
Lawyers representing homeowners whose houses were severely damaged during Hurricane Sandy have uncovered more than 500 doctored engineering reports, which have been used by insurance companies to deny claims; discovery has spurred FEMA to undertake investigation into how reports were doctored, as well as criminal inquiry by New York Atty Gen Eric T Schneiderman. MORE
Jul. 30, 2014
NYU Langone Medical Center, which was badly damaged by Hurricane Sandy and had to be evacuated, will receive $1.13 billion in recovery aid; award is second-largest for a single project in history of Federal Emergency Management Agency. MORE
Jun. 3, 2014
Pres Obama says surge in unaccompanied children crossing South Texas border illegally has created humanitarian crisis; orders Federal Emergency Management Agency to take charge of relief effort as immigration officials open a second shelter for youths. MORE
Apr. 6, 2014
Scores of volunteers, many of them loggers and foresters, have changed the nature of the response to the landslide in Oso, Wash, even as it changed them; loggers and Federal Emergency Management Agency officials developed growing respect for each other over different areas of expertise. MORE
Mar. 24, 2014
Federal Emergency Management Agency and New York City Housing Authority, under $100 million deal, agree to replace unreliable temporary boilers used by all 110 New York City public housing buildings for heat and hot water after Hurricane Sandy flooded their original ones in 2012. MORE
Dec. 8, 2013
Federal Emergency Management Agency has formally recommended that medical personnel be sent into dangerous situations before they have been secured by law enforcement; officials and medical experts who have studied the Boston Marathon bombing and mass shootings like the one in Newtown, Conn, have concluded that this kind of aggressive medical response could be critical in saving lives. MORE
Dec. 7, 2013
More than 30,000 residents of New York and New Jersey remain displaced from their homes after Hurricane Sandy, mired in bureaucratic and financial limbo; analysis reveals that less than half of people who sought aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency have received it, and in many cases flood insurance covered only fraction of losses. MORE
Oct. 26, 2013
Number of properties in New York City that will be required to have federal flood insurance will nearly double in 2015, to about 32,000, under updated maps from Federal Emergency Management Agency; accompanying higher premiums may mean that many city residents will have to relocate. MORE
Sep. 25, 2013
Hundreds of New Yorkers displaced by Hurricane Sandy are facing eviction from hotels; many have or are applying for federal rental subsidies, but finding affordable apartments has proved daunting; lawyers for the city, saying Federal Emergency Management Agency is ending reimbursements for hotel program, are trying to evict the approximately 350 remaining evacuees by Oct 1 and steer them into homeless shelters. MORE
Sep. 14, 2013
Federal Emergency Management Agency again denies Arizona Gov Jan Brewer's request for a disaster declaration for the Yarnell Hill fire, which killed 19 firefighters. MORE
Jul. 29, 2013
Group of New York and New Jersey lawmakers plans to introduce bill in Congress to change Federal Emergency Management Agency policy that they say discriminates against owners of cooperatives and condominium apartments; thousands of homeowners in damaged co-ops and condos were largely barred from federal disaster assistance for single-family homes after Hurricane Sandy. MORE
Jul. 14, 2013
Lisa Prevost Mortgages column notes uncertainty about future cost of flood insurance as Federal Emergency Management Agency updates flood hazard maps; holds delay is hampering housing recovery in areas hardest hit by Hurricane Sandy. MORE
Jun. 23, 2013
Federal Emergency Management Agency decision to decline to give Texas officials full amount of disaster aid requested after deadly fertilizer plant explosion in town of West has some asking why federal government has to pay when Texas has plentiful state and local finances; disaster and emergency response experts say federal officials made the wisest, if not the most popular, decision. MORE
Jun. 13, 2013
Federal Emergency Management Agency rejects request for aid to replace infrastructure destroyed near West, Tex, by fertilizer plant explosion. MORE
May. 29, 2013
Jane L Levere Advertising column; Federal Emergency Management Agency has released new public service advertising, created in conjunction with Advertising Council, to educate Americans about its wireless emergency alert system; campaign will use radio, television and digital ads to get word out about two-year-old system MORE
May. 22, 2013
Pres Obama vows to marshal resources of federal government to help victims of Oklahoma's killer tornado, dispatching Federal Emergency Management Agency W Craig Fugate to state; lawmakers on Capitol Hill begin debating fiscal consequences of storm in era of austerity. MORE
May. 2, 2013
Residents in New York City co-ops damaged by Hurricane Sandy discover that they are ineligible for federal aid; under longstanding policy of Federal Emergency Management Agency, co-ops are considered businesses, even though they are essentially nonprofit entities set up by property owners, and therefore are largely barred from federal disaster assistance. MORE
Jan. 31, 2013
Homeowners in Canarsie, Brooklyn, welcome new maps introduced by Federal Emergency Management Agency showing marked increase in flood-prone areas near New York City's coast; say new flood maps could have given them a warning before Hurricane Sandy hit. MORE
Jan. 29, 2013
Federal Emergency Management Agency releases new federal flood maps revealing grim news that many New Yorkers were girding for after Hurricane Sandy--more areas farther inland are expected to flood in future storms. MORE
Dec. 30, 2012
Hurricane-readiness project in Texas, partly financed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, involves building sturdy multipurpose buildings; they can be used as recreation or community centers when not needed as shelters. MORE
Dec. 18, 2012
New York and New Jersey homeowners hit hard by Hurricane Sandy are receiving an unusually generous array of federal financial assistance, including $131 million in expedited rental assistance; Federal Emergency Management Agency officials report they are taking innovative steps to accelerate repairs on damaged homes in areas with a shortage of vacant housing; highlights of assistance charted. MORE
Nov. 12, 2012
New York Gov Andrew M Cuomo plans to ask the federal government for at least $30 billion in disaster aid to help New York City and other affected areas of the state recover from Hurricane Sandy; governor's advisers provide a staggering inventory of need as the city and state continue to rebuild in the storm's deadly wake; tally exceeds the roughly $12 billion in FEMA disaster aid currently available without action from Congress. MORE
Nov. 12, 2012
Federal officials are asking New York City landlords to work with them to make vacant apartments available to thousands of families displaced by Hurricane Sandy; goal is to create a system that would allow potential tenants to pay rent directly with Federal Emergency Management Agency vouchers, or obtain such apartments through relief agencies like the American Red Cross. MORE
Nov. 10, 2012
Joe Nocera Op-Ed column describes his visit to Rockaways to help residents struggling with aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, disagrees with Mayor Michael R Bloomberg's assertion that New York City does not need FEMA's help; says devastation he witnessed there shows that the city needs all the help it can get. MORE
Nov. 4, 2012
Federal Emergency Management Agency head W Craig Fugate has done much to shore up agency's image; he is the straightforward, apolitical former director of Florida emergency operations; agency is still viewed with caution after its poor handling of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and in some places in New York City with scorn after Hurricane Sandy. MORE
Nov. 3, 2012
New Yorkers from across the city are trying in ways small and large to ease the devastation left by Hurricane Sandy; some volunteers sat that local, small-scale relief efforts are outpacing those of the Red Cross or the Federal Emergency Management Agency. MORE
Nov. 3, 2012
First trickle of federal funds has started to go out after Hurricane Sandy, with $29 million allocated to rebuild highways and $30 million to hire temporary workers to help with the cleanup on the East Coast; Federal Emergency Management Office has $7.5 billion to spend this fiscal year, and an additional $5 billion could be made available for storm recovery with no spending offsets required in other government programs. MORE
Oct. 30, 2012
Federal Emergency Management Agency officials are struggling with question of how to deploy resources in face of powerful and far-reaching Hurricane Sandy, hoping to redeem agency for its prior failures. MORE
Oct. 30, 2012
Editorial underscores importance of role federal government plays during natural disasters, in light of Hurricane Sandy; observes that Mitt Romney has stated in past that emergency management should be left to the states, which is in line with decades of Republican resistance to federal emergency planning. MORE
Sep. 28, 2012
Federal Judge Kurt D Engelhardt gives his final approval to a $42.6 million class-action settlement between companies that made and installed government-issued trailers after hurricanes in 2005 and Gulf Coast storm victims who claim they were exposed to hazardous fumes in the shelters. MORE
Aug. 28, 2012
Editorial contends Tropical Storm Isaac is a powerful reminder both of Republican incompetence in handling Hurricane Katrina seven years ago, and the party's no-less-disastrous plans to further cut emergency-related spending. MORE
May. 4, 2012
Report conducted by the Federal Emergency Management Agency finds that state and local officials are confident that public health and medical services are prepared to respond to man-made disasters, but are concerned about preparedness for cyberattacks. MORE
Mar. 13, 2012
Gov Pat Quinn of Illinois says he will appeal the Federal Emergency Management Agency's denial of assistance to homeowners affected by the southern Illinois tornado. MORE
Nov. 10, 2011
First nationwide test of the Emergency Alert System does not go off as planned; all television channels and radio stations in the United States were supposed to be interrupted by piercing emergency tones, but some viewers say they instead heard a Lady Gaga song. MORE
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A Chilling Update on the Ticking Seismic Bomb off the Pacific Northwest Coast
Can a fresh detailed look at the enormous seismic and tsunami threat to the Pacific Northwest spur preparations? Let's hope so.
July 13, 2015, Monday
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Science Panel Tries to Reinject Reality into Flood Insurance Pricing
A new report from America's top science advisory panel identifies ways to price flood insurance more realistically. Will politicians listen?
June 19, 2015, Friday
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A Scientist who Modeled Texas's Blanco River in 2007 Probes for Lessons After the Deadly Flash Flood
A hydrologist explores the scientific and societal issues surrounding deadly flooding in the fast-growing exurbs around Austin. Tex.
May 27, 2015, Wednesday
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Video Feature: Apps to Cope and Help in a Disaster
Apps from FEMA and the American Red Cross can aid in preparedness and in dealing with the aftermath of disaster.
May 7, 2015, Thursday
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FEMA Awards New York City a $3 Billion Grant for Hurricane Sandy Repairs
Half of the $3 billion is expected to pay for repairs to public housing complexes after Hurricane Sandy; the other half will fund resiliency measures like flood barriers and generators.
April 1, 2015, Wednesday
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FEMA to Review All Flood Damage Claims From Hurricane Sandy
Lawmakers and homeowners have questioned for months whether doctored engineering reports led to minimizing or even denying insurance payments after the 2012 storm.
March 13, 2015, Friday
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Hurricane Sandy Victims Say Damage Reports Were Altered
Lawyers in suits related to the storm say they have found at least 500 cases in which engineering reports were altered to minimize payments.
February 17, 2015, Tuesday
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Four New York City Hospitals to Receive $1.6 Billion for Storm Improvements
Federal money will be used to protect the health care centers, which are in flood-prone areas, from the kind of damage that Hurricane Sandy wrought in 2012.
November 7, 2014, Friday
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NYU Langone Medical Center to Get $1.13 Billion in Storm Aid
The award will be used to restore damaged buildings and to protect the medical center, which is by the East River, from future flooding.
July 30, 2014, Wednesday
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Officials to Investigate Reports of Mistreatment of Minors Caught Crossing Border
A complaint was based on interviews with 116 youths, in which they reported being deprived of food and medical care while in Border Patrol holding cells.
June 13, 2014, Friday
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Circuits for processing radio frequency ("RF") and microwave signals are fabricated using field effect transistors ("FETs") that have one or more strained channel layers disposed on one or more planarized substrate layers. FETs having such a configuration exhibit improved values for, for example, transconductance and noise figure. RF circuits such as, for example, voltage controlled oscillators ("VCOs"), low noise amplifiers ("LNAs"), and phase locked loops ("PLLs") built using these FETs also exhibit enhanced performance.
1. A circuit for processing an RF signal comprising at least one FET to which the RF signal is applied, the at least one FET comprising:
a semiconductor substrate including at least one planarized layer;
a channel region including at least one strained channel layer disposed on the at least one planarized layer thereby defining an interface therebetween, the at least one strained channel layer having a distal zone away from the interface, wherein the substrate, the interface, and the at least one strained channel layer are characterized at least in part by an impurity gradient having a value substantially equal to zero in the distal zone; and
a gate electrode.
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This application is a continuation of, and incorporates herein by reference, in its entirety, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/253,361, filed 24 Sep. 2002, which claims priority to and the benefit of, and incorporates herein by reference, in its entirety, provisional U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60/324,329, filed 24 Sep. 2001.
The present invention relates generally to circuits that process radio frequency (hereinafter, "RF") and microwave signals and, more specifically, to RF circuits that contain transistors, including field effect transistors (hereinafter, "FETs" or "MOSFETs") that incorporate one or more strained material layers.
Continuous improvements in semiconductor process technology have extended the capability of silicon ("Si") CMOS devices into the RF and microwave domain. Improvements resulting in, for example, smaller FET gate lengths have increased the maximum frequency of operation. There has been long-standing interest in increasing the frequency capability of Si for many reasons, including the generally lower cost of Si-based devices compared to III-V devices, such as, for example, those fabricated from gallium arsenide ("GaAs") and indium phosphide ("InP"). Furthermore, given the overall maturity of Si process technology, mixed signal devices (i.e., devices that process both analog and digital signals on the same semiconductor chip), are generally more easily fabricated in Si than in other materials. Other advantages of Si include greater surface smoothness and a high thermal conductivity (approximately three times that of GaAs). Si also has a high dielectric constant that is generally unaffected by variations in temperature, or frequency, or both.
On the other hand, the intrinsic peak mobility of electrons in Si is approximately 600 cm2 V−1 s−1. This is lower than the electron mobility of 8500 cm2 V−1 s−1 in GaAs. Accordingly, for Si-based devices to have performance (per unit gate width) that is substantially equivalent to GaAs-based devices, Si gate lengths must be scaled downward significantly. For example, NMOS devices have been demonstrated that have cutoff frequencies between 120 GHz and 150 GHz, with effective electrical gate lengths on the order of 0.09 micrometer.
A problem with such significant downward scaling of gate length is that doing so affects the noise performance of the resulting device. Although long channel devices have been demonstrated that have a noise figure of approximately 1-2 dB, as gate lengths decrease, short channel (e.g., "shot") noise typically begins to degrade device performance. Adding one or more bipolar structures to the CMOS semiconductor chip (resulting in a "BiCMOS" design) can circumvent this problem. Nevertheless, a BiCMOS structure adds several steps to the CMOS fabrication process, thereby increasing production complexity and cost.
The Si substrates used in the fabrication of RF devices typically have a lower resistivity compared to GaAs substrates. This generally causes greater signal losses in Si compared to GaAs. This, in turn, typically results in increased power consumption in the GHz regime for Si-based devices, and lower quality ("Q") factors for passive Si-based components, the latter of which degrades the noise performance.
RF circuits, such as voltage controlled oscillators ("VCOs"), low noise amplifiers ("LNAs"), and phase locked loops ("PLLs"), typically include one or more transistors. When operated at high frequency, these circuits can suffer from poor performance like that described above due, at least in part, to their use of one or more conventional transistors in the overall circuit designs. Converting such designs to GaAs or BiCMOS can be problematic, particularly when a circuit is monolithic (i.e., when the most or all of the circuit is contained on one semiconductor chip). The increase in cost and complexity of such a conversion can make it impractical or impossible.
From the foregoing, it is apparent that there is still a need for a way to improve the performance of RF circuits, particularly at high frequencies, while avoiding changes to the circuit designs or fabrication sequences that can increase cost and complexity.
The present invention provides circuits for processing RF signals that exhibit improved performance without requiring significant changes to design or fabrication. This is accomplished by including in the circuits devices (either active, or passive, or both) having enhanced material properties, such as, for example, increased electron and hole mobilities. Consequently, these devices exhibit superior performance that, in turn, influences overall circuit operation.
The invention features a circuit that includes one or more FETs to which an RF signal is applied. In different embodiments, the circuit can include one or more of a voltage controlled oscillator, a low noise amplifier, or phase locked loop. The FETs are fabricated in a semiconductor substrate that includes at least one planarized layer. The channel regions of these FETs include one or more strained material layers disposed on a planarized layer.
In certain embodiments, the semiconductor substrate can include Si, SiGe, or any combination of these materials. It can also be multi-layered. In this latter case, the layers can include relaxed SiGe disposed on compositionally graded SiGe. The layers can also include relaxed SiGe disposed on Si. One or more buried insulating layers may be included as well.
In other embodiments, the strained layer can include Si, Ge, SiGe, or any combination of these materials. At least about fifty Angstroms of the strained layer farthest from the planarized layer defines a distal zone where an impurity gradient (describing the concentration of one or more impurities (i.e., dopants) as a function of location in the device) has a value that is substantially equal to zero.
Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrating the principles of the invention by way of example only.
The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention, as well as the invention itself, will be more fully understood from the following description of various embodiments, when read together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
As shown in the drawings for the purposes of illustration, the invention may be embodied in a circuit, such as, for example, a voltage controlled oscillator, low noise amplifier, or a phase locked loop, for processing an RF signal. The circuit includes at least one FET fabricated in a semiconductor a substrate that has at least one planarized layer and one or more strained material layers disposed on the planarized layer. Consequently, the FET, and the circuit, exhibit improved performance, particularly at high signal frequencies. In some embodiments, the strained material layers may be characterized by at least one diffusion impurity gradient that has a value that is substantially equal to zero in a particular area of the strained layer.
Technical Background
When Si is placed under tension, the degeneracy of the conduction band splits, forcing two valleys to be occupied instead of six. Consequently, the in-plane mobility is increased, reaching a value as high as 2900 cm2 V−1 s−1 in buried channel devices for electron densities of 1011-1012 cm−2. Mobility enhancement can be incorporated into a MOS device by disposing a compositionally graded buffer layer between a SiGe film and the Si substrate. The grading spreads the lattice mismatch within the buffer over a distance, thereby minimizing the number of lattice dislocations reaching the surface on which the film is disposed, and thus providing a method for growing high-quality relaxed SiGe films on Si. Typically, a Si film having a thickness is grown on the relaxed SiGe film. Since the lattice constant of SiGe is larger than that of Si, the Si film is under biaxial tension, causing the carriers to exhibit strain-enhanced mobilities.
Unlike many GaAs high mobility technologies, strained Si devices generally can be fabricated with standard Si CMOS processing methods and tools. This compatibility generally allows for performance enhancement with minimal additional capital expenditures. The technology is also scalable and thus can be implemented in both long and short channel devices. Furthermore, if desired, strained Si can be incorporated with Si-on-insulator ("SOI") technology in order to provide ultra-high speed and low power circuits. In summary, since strained Si technology is similar to bulk Si technology, it is not exclusive to other performance enhancing methods. Consequently, strained Si is well-suited to improve the performance of CMOS-based microwave circuits.
The strained Si material system can improve microwave circuit performance several ways. Example categories include:
1. Circuit and Device Performance—Gain and Noise.
2. Ease of Fabrication.
3. Passive Components—Ease of Fabrication, Q-factor and Noise Enhancement.
Typically, a Si channel in a FET is placed under biaxial tension by the underlying, larger-lattice-constant SiGe layer. This strain causes the conduction band to split into two-fold and four-fold degenerate bands. The two-fold band is preferentially occupied since it sits at a lower energy. The energy separation between the bands is approximately:
At a concentration of 20% Ge, the electron mobility enhancement at high fields (0.2˜0.7 MV/cm) is approximately 1.75 that of unstrained material, while the hole mobility enhancement is generally negligible. When the Ge concentration is increased to 30%, the electron mobility enhancement improves slightly to 1.8 and the hole mobility enhancement rises to about 1.4. Above 30% Ge, the band splitting is large enough that almost all of the carriers occupy the high mobility band. As a result, mobility enhancement as a function of Ge concentration saturates above about 30% Ge. Because of the low hole mobility, higher mobility, buried P-channel MOSFETs may offer an improved alternative.
Drain Current Enhancement
FETs fabricated using one or more strained Si layers have, for a given source-drain bias, greater drain current compared to FETs fabricated using unstrained Si layers. FET transconductance is defined by:
By way of example, consider an n-channel MOSFET fabricated in 0.8 micron process technology using strained Si. The typical process affords low contact resistance. It also minimizes the amount of diffusion of Ge from the buffer layer into the strained material, particularly in at least about fifty Angstroms of the strained material distal to (e.g., farthest from) the buffer layer. This configuration maximizes the mobility increase in the surface strained layer.
This example MOSFET structure has, at about 100 mV source-drain bias, a transconductance approximately twice that of a 0.8 micron n-channel MOSFET fabricated without strained Si operating at the same bias point. At a source-drain bias of about 2.5 V, the FET with the strained Si has a transconductance approximately 1.4 that of the FET lacking the strained Si.
Given the proportional relationship between them, the transconductance also impacts the device cutoff frequency:
For discrete MOSFET devices, the noise figure at both high and low frequencies is a parameter that can affect the performance of RF and microwave circuits. Noise generally includes two components: flicker ("1/f") noise and "white noise" (noise that is generally independent of frequency). At low frequencies, flicker noise dominates, typically affecting the quality of circuits such as VCOs or PLLs. At higher frequencies, white noise dominates and typically affects the noise figure of LNAs.
With respect to flicker noise, using p-channel MOSFETs in place of n-channel MOSFETs will generally improve the performance of VCOs and PLLs. One reason for this effect is that free charge carriers in the inversion layer at the oxide-semiconductor interface quantum mechanically tunnel into traps within the oxide causing random fluctuations (and hence noise) in the drain current. The tunneling probability ("P") may be expressed as being exponentially dependent on the product of the barrier height ("ΔE") and transverse effective mass "mt*" (perpendicular to the oxide), that is:
Given that the transverse effective mass for electrons (equal to 0.19 m0, where m0 is the electron rest mass) is less than that for (heavy) holes (0.49 m0), equation (4) shows that the probability of (heavy) holes tunneling into traps in the oxide is significantly lower compared to electrons. Consequently, there is typically a reduction in 1/f noise in p-channel MOSFETs compared to n-channel MOSFETs, potentially as much as at least one order of magnitude. The reduced mobility of the holes relative to electrons further reduces the 1/f noise component.
In strained Si, the electron tunneling generally occurs along the axes of the constant energy surfaces, i.e., longitudinally along the symmetry axes. Accordingly, the tunneling effective mass for electrons is the longitudinal effective mass, "m1*", which is equal to 0.98 m0. This is greater than the transverse effective mass for electrons (0.19 m0), which applies in the case of tunneling in unstrained (i.e., bulk) Si.
The oxide-Si potential barrier height for electrons in strained Si is approximately 2.5 eV and, for holes, it is approximately 5.0 eV. Multiplying each of these terms by the appropriate effective mass (0.98 m0 and 0.49 m0, respectively) yields about the same value. Consequently, the probability of electrons tunneling into traps within the oxide will be the same in a strained Si device as that for holes in a bulk Si device. Therefore, the 1/f noise component in strained surface n-channel MOSFETs approaches that of p-channel MOSFETs, thereby offering substantial improvement over n-channel MOSFETs fabricated in unstrained Si.
With respect to white noise, the minimum noise figure ("NFmin") at frequency "f" of a MOSFET or MODFET, assuming that thermal noise from parasitic resistances Rsource and Rgate dominate, may be expressed as:
By way of example, the following table (Table 1) shows some typical values for the mobility enhancement, transconductance, cutoff frequency, and minimum noise figure for various strained Si configurations (Ge percentages shown), normalized to bulk Si values:
The mobility enhancement leads to improvement in transconductance (i.e., gain) and cutoff frequency. The enhancement in noise figure can be difficult to predict, since the device geometry and process affect the values of parasitic contact resistances. Nevertheless, the reduction in the value of gm −1/2 typically results in a reduction in the noise figure for LNAs that include strained Si MOSFETs.
Buried Strained Channel Devices
The carrier mobility in a strained surface layer MOSFET can be improved by "burying" the strained layer. In this configuration, a SiGe "cap" layer having a thickness of about thirty to two hundred Angstroms is deposited on the strained layer (typically Si). An oxide (i.e., gate dielectric) is then deposited or grown on the cap layer, and the gate electrode is deposited on the oxide. Consequently, and unlike conventional Si MOSFETs, the gate dielectric layer is spatially separated (by the cap layer) from the active device channel (i.e., the strained layer). The corresponding conduction band offset allows two-dimensional carrier confinement within the strained Si quantum well.
The value of the electron mobility in such buried strained Si layers can reach 2900 cm2 V−1 s−1. This is a substantial increase over the typical 600 cm2 V−1 s−1 electron mobility in bulk Si MOSFETs.
The thickness of the oxide and cap layer generally affects the high frequency performance of the FET. By way of example, the following table (Table 2) shows some typical values for mobility enhancement, transconductance, cutoff frequency, and minimum noise figure (all normalized to bulk Si values) for various strained Si n-channel MOSFET configurations having different oxide and cap layer thicknesses:
The "equivalent oxide thickness" ("Tequivalent") approximates the combined effect of the oxide and cap layer thicknesses ("Tox" and "Tcap", respectively), and is computed as follows:
As Table 2 shows, the values of mobility enhancement, transconductance, cutoff frequency, and minimum noise figure are improved compared to an n-channel MOSFET fabricated in bulk Si.
The spatial separation of charge carriers from the oxide interface by virtue of the cap layer also decreases 1/f noise, typically by about an order of magnitude. An example of this is seen in p-channel MOSFETs fabricated on buried channel pseudomorphic strained SiGe alloy layers. In these devices, the mobility is increased relative to bulk Si by a factor of about 1.5. Nevertheless, because the 1/f noise is an order of magnitude lower when compared with conventional p-channel MOSFETs, the implication is that the spatial separation of charges from the oxide interface dominates the magnitude of the 1/f noise. Consequently, spatial separation of carriers from the oxide interface in a buried strained layer structures further improves the 1/f noise component.
Example Device Structure
In one embodiment depicted schematically (i.e., unscaled) in
Disposed on the substrate 102 is an isolation well 104, typically including an oxide. Within the isolation well 104 are isolation trenches 106. A source region 108 and a drain region 112 are typically formed by ion implantation. A FET channel 110, which can have either n-type or p-type conductivity, is formed from one or more strained layers. The strained layers can include one or more layers of Si, Ge, or SiGe. The "strain" in the strained layers may be compressive or tensile, and it may be induced by lattice mismatch with respect to an adjacent layer. Alternatively, the strain may be induced mechanically by, for example, the deposition of overlayers, such as Si3N4. Another way to induce mechanical strain is to create underlying voids by, for example, implantation of one or more gases followed by annealing. Both of these approaches induce strain in the underlying substrate 102, in turn causing strain in the channel 110.
Disposed on at least part of the channel 110 is a gate dielectric 114, such as, for example, SiO2, Si3N4, or any other material with a dielectric constant greater than that of SiO2 (e.g., HfO2, HfSiON). The gate dielectric 114 is typically twelve to one hundred Angstroms thick, and it can include a stacked structure (e.g., thin SiO2 capped with another material having a high dielectric constant).
Disposed on the gate dielectric 114 is the gate electrode 116. The gate electrode 116 material can include doped or undoped polysilicon, doped or undoped poly-SiGe, or metal. Disposed about the gate electrode 116 are the transistor spacers 118. The transistor spacers 118 are typically formed by depositing a dielectric material, which may be the same material as the gate dielectric 114, followed by anisotropic etching.
One way to improve the overall performance of the FET 100 is to employ an interdigitated, or "comb," structure, typically by connecting several FETs 100 in parallel, as depicted in
The example interdigitated structure shown in
The addition of the various material layers described above may be accomplished using any conventional deposition method (e.g., chemical vapor deposition ("CVD") or molecular beam epitaxy ("MBE")), and the method may be plasma-assisted. When these layers are added, a region that supplies excess carriers to the channel 110 may be disposed substantially adjacent to the latter. This region generally includes a p- or n-type impurity (i.e., dopant) that acts as a source of the excess carriers (holes or electrons, respectively). The presence of these excess carriers typically improves FET performance. The impurity can also be introduced after the addition of the layers using, for example, ion implantation.
An impurity gradient 120A, 120B (collectively, "120") characterizes the channel 110 and the substrate 102, as well as the isolation well 104. Axis 122 represents the impurity concentration, typically in units of cm−3. Axis 124 corresponds to the location in the FET 100. Axis 124 is aligned with the FET 100 to illustrate a typical impurity profile, meaning that the impurity concentration at any point in the FET 100 can be ascertained as a function of location.
The impurity gradient 120 is shown in
As described above, an alternative embodiment includes disposing a relaxed SiGe "cap" layer between the channel 110 and the gate dielectric 114. The resulting structure is termed a buried strained channel FET, and it has many performance advantages over the surface strained channel FET depicted in
In brief overview,
The basic design of a VCO is well known, and additional details are available in, e.g., Radio-Frequency Microelectronic Circuits for Telecommunication Applications, Y. Papananos, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999, p. 188 et seq., and Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, P. Gray & R. Meyer, John Wiley & Sons, 1984, pp. 628 et seq. Briefly, in VCO 200, output 202 has a frequency that is a function of bias voltage 204. The connection between the gate of FET M2 and drain of FET M1 provides positive feedback to sustain oscillation. FETs M3 and M4 are part of the biasing network, and inductor L and capacitor C1 form a tuned L-C circuit. Varactor diodes Q1 through Q3 are typically bipolar structures, meaning a single-chip VCO may be fabricated using a BiCMOS process.
FETs M1 through M4 are fabricated with channels that include one or more strained channel layers disposed on one or more planarized substrate layers. The channels may be buried below the device surface, or may be surface channels, both as described above. Consequently, the FETs M1 through M4 exhibit improved noise figures, thereby reducing the overall phase noise of the entire VCO 200.
Other VCO designs that incorporate FETs having the strained layer on planarized layer structure are possible including, for example, VCO 300 depicted in
In another embodiment depicted in
In various embodiments of the invention, alternative VCOs 200, 300, depicted in
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that the RF circuits provided by the invention afford improved operational performance. Certain operational problems resulting from the limitations inherent in conventional devices used in conventional circuits are largely eliminated.
One skilled in the art will realize the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The foregoing embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects illustrative rather than limiting of the invention described herein. Scope of the invention is thus indicated by the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Wildlife Commission to participate in Nature Day
The N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission will be one of several conservation partners hosting a family-friendly Nature Day at the N.C. Zoo's Nichols Longleaf Preserve on April 13, from 1-4 p.m.
Members of the Greater Uwharrie Conservation Partnership will be on hand to provide guided hikes of the preserve, activities for children and presentations on prescribed fire, local history, wildlife, invasive species and the longleaf pine ecosystem.
The recently protected Nichols Longleaf Preserve has some of the oldest longleafpine in the Piedmont region.
"This is an opportunity to explore an awesome piece of property and see longleaf pines over 200 years old," said John Isenhour, technical assistance biologist with the Wildlife Commission. "Most folks don't realize the historic range of longleaf pines extended into the Piedmont, or that a mature stand of longleaf this old exists west of the Sandhills."
A kick-off event featuring Larry Earley will be held on April 12 from 7-8:30 p.m.at the Montgomery County Cooperative Extension office. Earley wrote Looking for Longleaf: The Fall and Rise of an American Forest. A meet-and-greet opportunity for landowners and conservation professionals in the greater Uwharrie region is also scheduled.
Space still available for free fishing and kayaking workshop
A few openings remain for the 2ndAnnual Kayak Fish and Float Workshop, which will be held April 13 from 9 a.m.to 3 p.m. at the John E. Pechmann Fishing Education Center in Fayetteville.
The N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission is hosting the free, family-friendly workshop, along with Heroes on the Water and the Great Outdoor Provision Company, which is providing kayaks for participants to use, including smaller, 12-foot fishing kayaks ideal for teens and young adults.
Heroes on the Water, an organization that provides basic kayak fishing instruction, angling clinics and paddling classes for injured, wounded or disabled military personnel, will be selling hot dogs, chips and drinks, with all proceeds supporting kayak fishing outings for wounded service members and veterans.
The workshop will include fishing how-to seminars and demonstrations of popular fishing kayaks. Mark Patterson,of the N.C. Kayak Fishing Association, along with Hobie Kayak Pro Angler Capt. Jerry Dilsaver, will present workshops throughout the day on the following topics:
Kayak Safety and Rigging;
Offshore Fishing for King Mackerel;
Inshore Kayak Fishing for Redfish, Flounder and Speckled Trout; and,
Kayak Fishing for Bass, Crappie, Bluegill, Catfish and Carp.
While the workshop is free, pre-registration is required due to limited space. To register, contact Tom Carpenter at 910-868-5003, ext. 15, or email@example.com.
The John E. Pechmann Fishing Education Center, the only fishing education center of its kind in North Carolina, is located at 7489 Raeford Road in Fayetteville, directly across the street from Lake Rim.


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Tuesday, April 2, 2013
Midfielder Caitlyn Reilly scored three goals Friday to lead the Lady Patriots' soccer team to a 7-1 victory over rival Summerville.
"We are playing the ball with our feet; we are moving off the ball; and we are really connecting as a team," Fort Dorchester coach Taryn Floyd said. "We came out tonight and their head was in it from the very start. They were ready to win it and came out and put it away. We've been working on finishing this week because that has been a problem and the hard work at practice carried into the game."
Midfielder Anna Seder scored two goals for the Patriots while Madison McDowell and Mary Paige each added a goal.
Summerville's sole score came from Madison Reeves.
The Lady Patriots improved to 5-5 on the season with a 3-2 mark in region play with the win. Summerville dropped to 4-5, 1-3.
Fort Dorchester returns to region action April 9 with a rematch in Beaufort. Summerville returns to action April 9 when it hosts Colleton County.
Contact Roger Lee @ 873-9424 ext. 213 or firstname.lastname@example.com
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We are proud to offer a new exclusive product--- 7mm alternating mail, made with wedge-riveted & solid punched flat rings, available on our aventails, standards and voiders!
General Information:
All items are constructed from mild steel rings. Some items are constructed of wedge riveted rings alternating with solid punched rings. Since these items are hand assembled, there is some variation between rings.
Now with BURNISHED FINISH!
After much experimentation, we've acted on our customers' feedback and treat all our finished maille pieces with our exclusive cleaning technique called "Burnishing". This leaves our riveted maille quite clean and attractively burnished. Not available on loose rings.
The following items are IN STOCK as of November 25, 2010.


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The driver of a Super Service tractor trailer died in a Thursday morning wreck on I-77.
Police said James Griffith, 40, of New Bern, N.C. was headed southbound on I-77 near the 79 mile marker when he lost control of the vehicle, hit a guard rail and ran off the road.
"He smashed into the concrete barrier holding up the bridge," said eyewitness Kevin Manning of Georgia. Manning had been traveling behind the truck.
According to the North Carolina Highway Patrol, the accident was called in at 9:44 a.m.
First responders were observed by The Tribune trying to rescue Griffith, who was trapped in the driver compartment of the truck.
"It would totally shock me if anyone could survive a wreck like that," said Manning.
Shortly after 10:30 a.m. police pulled out the yellow caution tape that was keeping motorists from getting closer to the accident and fuel spill.
Griffith died on the scene, according to police.
Traffic was stopped in the southbound lane of I-77 for approximately three hours.
"It's a sad reality, but as a truck driver I see lots of accidents like this," said John Swartz, who bowed his head after he learned of the death.
"We're heading on vacation for a month," said Donald Virostek, who was driving to Florida from Pittsburgh, Penn. "I think I'd seen enough for today and might pull over in one of these hotels and call it a day. Vacation can wait. Someone just lost their life."


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Monday-Friday: 6am-10am and 12pm-6pm
Saturday: Closed
Sunday: Closed
We are located directly between the Tree Of Life Bookstore/Brethren Missionary Herald building and the Winona Lake Fire Station, at the corner of Kings Highway and Rupe Drive in Winona Lake, Indiana.
Established in 2003, the Gordon Student Recreation Center (GRC) offers the Grace community a full range of services to promote wellness, physical fitness, and physical activity. Our state-of-the-art facility includes:
Facility Director
Along with Managing the GRC, Coach Moore is the Strength & Conditioning Coach for all athletic programs, assistant Men's Basketball Coach, head Women's Tennis Coach, and a professor in Sports Management here at Grace.
Telephone: 574-372-5100 ext. 6260
Email: email@example.com
Group Fitness Director
Megan is in charge of all group fitness classes at Grace College as well as our lead personal trainer and nutrition expert.
Telephone: 317-919-7652
Email: email@example.com
Clint ensures the safety and security of the GRC facilities through twice-hourly safety checks of the building. He also shows hospitality to everyone who visits the GRC, and checks people in and out.
Telephone: 574-372-5100 ext. 6533
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Thursday, March 21, 2013
Fort Dorchester's Kevin Hilton won one of three matches that went to a tiebreaker set Tuesday during the Patriots' match with Ashley Ridge. The Swamp Foxes won the match 4-2 to improve their record to 3-1, with a 1-1 mark in Region 8-AAAA. The Patriots, who had two starters out for various reasons, fell to 1-3, 0-1. Singles: Tommy McManus (FD) d. Michael Marshall 4-6, 6-2, 10-3. Kevin Hilton (FD) d. Taylor 6-7, 7-6, 7-6. Rob Fordan (AR) d. Paul LaVern 6-4, 6-1. Tyler Payne (AR) d. Andrew Samuels 7-5, 6-1. Fort Dorchester forfeited game 5. Doubles: Zack Rabon/Blake Ackerman (AR) d. Spence Howell/Quincy Moorer 4-6, 7-6, 7-3.
The Journal Scene is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Journal Scene.
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I am terrified of heights. Put me on the top floor of a building looking down through glass panes or, worse yet, from the edge of a balcony, and my knees buckle as I grasp for a handhold. My heart pounds at the idea of funiculars or Ferris wheels and their anticipatory crawl up into the clouds. That glance down comes with the fear of knowing that when I finally reach the summit I will be staring into emptiness, a deep void, an near-endless drop only broken by the tiny ant-like beings down on safe, sturdy ground staring up at me, ogling, daring me to make the leap so they can break my fall. Roller Coasters slowly, painfully inching their way up until a mere thread is holding me over a dizzying descent make my head spin as my breath comes out, barely, in short, quick gasps. Airplanes, those silver boxes offering me quick passage to my loved ones, have me in a panic when I think of the nothingness holding them up. My very pragmatic, scientific husband refers to this seemingly (or so he says) irrational fear of heights as Cosmic Vertigo, these images in my overactive imagination of climbing up and standing on the edge of a precipice only to be pushed off of solid ground and plunging into emptiness, the unknown. So I never climb onto a Ferris wheel, it is impossible to convince me to climb aboard a roller coaster; as we spin our way up the glass elevator in the Mole Antonelliana in Torino or wander around the top balcony of the Eiffel Tower my eyes stay firmly squeezed shut and I can't even look through the eyepiece of a telescope, nor am I comfortable wearing 3-D glasses or watching the world spin on Google maps. Yes, I am terrified of heights.
Yet here I am, teetering at the top of a very high peak, nervously peering downhill through squinted eyes, bracing myself for the moment someone tiptoes up behind and gives me that heavy-handed push, for I know that they will. And with that one firm, quick shove, I will topple over into the void and start that long descent down that slippery slope towards…
The second half of my life.
At the end of this month I will turn 51. One year ago as I pondered Fifty, I was caught between the love of birthdays, the cake and the gifts, the well wishes and all eyes being turned upon me (Oh, come on, don't look at me with such disdain! You know we all love that!), and the absolute awe and anxiety of the whole aging thing, the leaving behind my youth and vivacity, turning, well, old. The silly schoolgirl inside of me clapped her hands and shouted with laughter in disbelief. "You?" she barked as she quickly thought of a dozen good pranks to play on me. "Old? As you sit huddled over your computer, giggling evilly, sending uproariously ridiculous, gossip-filled messages to your girlfriends? As your giddy laughter fills the house as you and your husband chase each other from room to room, shouting incomprehensible jokes to each other then tumbling into a heap on the sofa? Get over it!" Yet the charming, sophisticated, respectable woman of a certain age inside of me, the one peering judgmentally over the top of her eyeglasses, stares hard at the younger woman and snorts in derision. "You just mark my words!" she sneers between pursed lips, "She cannot run and hide from me! Age and all of those aches and pains, the stiffness and the added weight and droopy skin (not to mention the hint of mustache that always threatens), finding herself in bed at 9 p.m. and NOT for the good reasons! The crankiness and the forgetfulness! Well, deary, you can laugh all you want, but when my time arrives, I'll be showing up, dressed and ready to take over!"
Yipes! Yet as nervous as I was, as much as I hated, nay, dreaded the idea of making that leap onto the other side, my true friends gathered round me and eased the pain with absurdity and merriment. The year flew by joyously with projects and trips, visits and sleepovers. The distractions were big enough that I barely felt the time rushing madly by, the laughter and the noise drowning out the rhythmic ticking of the clock. But how long can this go on? How long can I ignore the finger of Old Man Time as he beckons, how many years can I trick youth into hanging around, tempting that young girl inside of me to stay and play? I stare at myself in the mirror and see the faint lines of battle scarring my gently fading youth. There is a hint of silver in my hair, a hesitation in my step as I glance at a set of steps or a slippery sidewalk and, yes, husband and I are glad to tumble into bed as the sun glides behind the buildings, resting our weary bones.
Yet….yet…. I am not ready just yet. Yes, I stand at the top of that mountain and stare down into the dark unknown, yet I will not wait for anyone to come and push me off, losing my footing and control, sliding, sliding down into a fusty, cranky old fuddy-duddy! No, I think that my inner 16 year old will think of a way to stay around for a while longer; she will simply climb out the window, clamber down the trellis while the parents sleep and join her friends for a few more years of pranks and partying. She'll keep joking, gossiping, laughing, dressing and acting her inner age rather than any number printed on a piece of paper. She'll flaunt her youth, swagger gleefully by as her son rolls his eyes in embarrassment, fool old Mr. Time for another few years, for as long as she can.
I have a few more days, a couple more weeks to think it all over, plan my attack, select my party outfit and brace for the beginning of what I hope will be a long, tranquil yet exciting, joyful descent full of adventure, love and friendship.
Now what kind of cake shall I bake myself for my birthday?
Nothing says comfort like this bowl of warming, savory-sweet soup, thick and creamy and best eaten with a swirl of cream, garlicky croutons and lots of freshly-grated nutty Gruyère, Comté or Emmenthal. Our favorite recipe, so simple, from The Book of Soups by Lorna Rhodes.
3 lbs slice (1 ½ kg) of pumpkin
2 Tbs (30 g) unsalted butter
1 medium onion, peeled and chopped
2 ½ cups (625 ml) chicken stock or broth
Large pinch light brown sugar
Pinch ground nutmeg
¼ tsp paprika
Salt and freshly-ground black pepper to taste
2/3 cup (155 ml) light cream
Trim the pumpkin and discard shell, seeds and stringy bits. Cut the flesh into large cubes.
Melt the butter in a large pot, add the chopped onion and cook, stirring, until soft. Add the cubes of pumpkin, the stock and the sugar and bring up the boil. Lower the heat, cover (I always leave the lid slightly ajar) and simmer for 30 minutes. The pumpkin should be meltingly soft. Remove from the heat and purée either in a blender, food processor or, as I do, with a hand-held emulsion blender, until perfectly smooth. Stir in the nutmeg, paprika, salt and pepper to taste, and the cream. Heat gently until hot.
Serve with a swirl of cream, a dollop of sour cream or fromage frais and pass around the bowl of grated cheese.
Oh, joy! I had half a recipe of bread dough in the refrigerator and wanted to do something a bit different, more exciting than my usual focaccia. I came up with this fabulous breadstick, inspired by a recipe I found in The Good Housekeeping Christmas 2010 Cookbook (which is actually a magazine that I bought in London). Feel free to improvise, adding flavors and textures that you prefer. These are simply fabulous!
(The quantities are approximate as I pretty much ad-libbed it)
About 1 lb (500 g) bread dough, find my recipe here (enough for 12 long, thin breadsticks)
2 Tbs or so (about 50 g) pitted black Greek olives, sliced in half or coarsely chopped
Freshly and finely-grated Parmesan cheese, a few tablespoons
1 Tbs dried Basil
A grinding of black pepper, optional
12 thin strips of Speck or Parma ham
Briefly knead the dough to soften. Spread the dough flat and press the chopped olives, the Parmesan and the Basil – and a bit of pepper, if you like – and knead until all of the ingredients are evenly distributed. If you like, knead in the chopped and grated goodies in two or three additions.
Divide the dough into 12 even pieces and roll each piece into a long strip, at least 7 inches (18 cm) long. Allow them to rest on a parchment-lined baking sheet while you preheat the oven.
Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C).
Once the oven is preheated and the dough snakes have rested, simply but firmly wrap one slice of ham around each breadstick, twisting the two together and then placing them on the parchment-lined baking tray.
Bake the breadsticks for 12 – 15 minutes until puffed and golden.
Enjoy with a warming bowl of Pumpkin Soup!


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You've got the technical chops—the skills to get a great job doing what you love. Now it's time to get down to the business of planning your job search, focusing your time and attention on the job leads that matter, and interviewing to wow your boss-to-be. Land the tech job you love.
Coding Tony: "The book gives very good tips on how to write a good résumé, and how to avoid clichés…I recommend the book, even if you aren't looking for a job… for now.." See the full review
Buy Now
About this Book
- 280 pages
- Published:
- Release: P1.0 (2009-06-10)
As a techie, you have a tougher time finding and winning the right job. Companies are more demanding. Just like you, your competition is smart, tech-savvy, and resourceful. Cookie-cutter job hunting skills aren't enough. Land the Tech Job You Love gives you the background and the hard-won wisdom to leapfrog those who play by the old rules.
You'll learn how to find the job you want that fits you and your employer. You'll uncover the hidden jobs that never make it into the classifieds or Monster. You'll start making and maintaining the connections that will drive your future career moves.
Create a resume by understanding the hiring manager, not by archaic conventional wisdom. Write cover letters that sell your background. Assemble a portfolio of work and rethink the interview to show-not tell-that you are the best person for the job.
Land the Tech Job You Love pulls no punches. It's peppered with real-life stories about what works, and hilarious tales of what doesn't. It lays out the details for what gets you an interview-and gets you hired-in a job in the technical world that makes you happy.
Contents and Extracts
- Introduction excerpt
- The Job Search
- The Foundation of Your Job Search
- What Do You Want in a Job?
- Resume Content: Getting the Words Down
- Building Your Resume Documents
- Finding Your Job
- Applying for the Job excerpt
- The Interview and Beyond
- Preparing for the Interview
- The Interview excerpt
- Handling the Tough Interview Questions
- Too Much Information
- After the Interview: The Job Offer and Beyond
- Staying Hirable
- Meaningless Clichés to Avoid
- Resume, Cover Letter, and Email Killers
- Interview Killers
Comments and Reviews
Alan Bellinger MSc, FIITT said:
British Computer Society
(Rated 9/10) This book will definitely help you; and it provides insight that will enable you to decide whether the grass really is greener on the other side.
Mike Riley said:
Dr. Dobb's Code Talk
I appreciated Andy's honest, take-it-or-leave-it approach to getting serious about the job search, coupled with the real-world realities of the current economic and job availability climate. The book is devoid of rah-rah feel good pep talks. Instead, the author tackles the reality of the current tech job market head-on, dealing with tough interview questions, avoiding clichés and generally telling it like it is – very refreshing.


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I adore Terrence Malick.
I adore Terrence Malick.
I adore Terrence Malick.
So now that you know that, and have an appropriate context, I just want to do a little bit of preemptive arguing about The Tree of Life, which is not out yet and which I have not seen. One of the things Malick does consistently in his movies, and which the above trailer strongly suggests is present in Tree of Life, is to have various characters engage in voice over narration that does not focus directly on what happens onscreen, or even fit into the narrative of the movie. Often this narration speaks in unapologetically philosophical or symbolic terms, about some of the most broad and meaningful questions of human existence. Some find this maddening and trite. In combination with his gorgeous visuals, sense of scale, and almost unspeakable delicacy, I find it enchanting. Sorry to gush. Your own taste is your own taste.
However, while no one is obligated to feel any one way about Malick's films, I really am annoyed by a consistent tic in critical reviews of his work. A lot of times, film critics will take individual lines from the narration, totally deprive them of context, and remark at how moony or pretentious the words are. You can find this all over-- check Malick's Rotten Tomatoes-- but here's just one example from Charles Taylor:
Malick has seized on the interior monologues of Jones' characters and smothered the movie in the voice-over narration he used in "Badlands" and "Days of Heaven." And it's easy to see why. If everything is explained to us, Malick doesn't have to dramatize it, and thus nothing gets in the way of his presentation. "Only one thing a man can do," begins one of the movie's inscrutable ponderances. "Find something that's his. Make an island for himself."After having encountered this trope several times, I find it infuriating. Of course the effect is lost when you totally deprive the words of the context that makes them work. It's true that taking any individual lines or shots of a movie and discussing them in a review is always, to a degree, denying context. But in this kind of reading, the presentation of Malick's lines is done so showily, and so meticulously designed to inspire ridicule, that it is simply critical malpractice. I find this to be exactly like going to a club, finding an individual dancer who is moving her body in a throng of others, and videotaping only her. No one could look anything less than silly so removed from the necessary context; no one but a fool would think that such an exercise has anything to do with the experience of the dance.
On a related note-- I will spend not one moment of my life worrying about whether I'm being pretentious. Not one solitary instant. That's not an argument that I'm not pretentious; I'm quite certain I am. But I am also certain that living the kind of life I need and want to live, where I can surround myself with the kind of beauty that I feel is necessary to endure the slow motion tragedy of living, means abandoning concerns about pretense. Others will have to adjudicate that. The events of my life have taught me that self-possession can steel you against a whole array of big tragedies and petty indignities. Meanwhile, all the time you spend sitting around your apartment, not being pretentious, is no defense against anything at all.


text: Ravens organized team activities 2014 [Pictures] View photos from the Ravens' three voluntary workouts this offseason. The team will hold three, three-day sessions. This photo gallery is featured in these articles: Sports John Harbaugh says Ravens 'respect' NFL commissioner Roger Goodell's decisions Home NFL unveils stiffer penalties for domestic violence; Ravens partner with House of Ruth Home Ravens place Terrence Cody on physically unable to perform list


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Photographer Ben Long describes and demonstrates high dynamic range (HDR) photography, a technique that broadens the luminance or range between the lightest and darkest areas of an image.
"I absolutely love the quality and diversity of the training. It is my go-to site for answers." —Maryanne F.
more from our members »


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Tuesday, February 11, 2014
During February, Serena Staggers is exhibiting a collection of African American publications in the chamber office in honor of Black History Month. As I perused Ms. Stagger's books, I immediately found two of my favorite individuals in her collection: Dr. Ben Carson and Michael Oher. Dr. Carson and Mr. Oher have had very successful careers; however, it was most likely Dr. Carson's mother and the Tuohys stepping out in faith that made success a possibility for the young men.
Dr. Ben Carson, the former chief of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins, began his road to excellence when his mother realized her son was not doing well in school and required him to read two books a week and limited his time watching Television. It has been said that Dr. Carson's success is not just about his abilities, but rather it's about his mother's influence on her son's life. Dr. Carson had a successful medical career, authored several books and even had a movie made about his life. As a retired physician, he now shares his story around the country inspiring youth and raising money to provide scholarships so other young people can have the same opportunities he did.
On the other hand, football star, Michael Oher, broke the cycle of poverty, and hopelessness that trapped his birth family by seeking positive role models and good friends that shared his desire to excel. Of course it did not hurt that Michael was adopted by an affluent family that provided opportunities that he would not have had otherwise. Most people know Michael Oher from the movie the Blind Side. From homelessness, to Ole Miss, to the Baltimore Ravens, Oher understands he has done the impossible. But more importantly he does not want his story to end with football. Michael Oher continues to work diligently to be the best player and person he can be while he helps other young people reach their dreams. Whether Dr. Carson or Michael Oher realized it, their leadership skills developed as educational and athletic opportunities increased. Both men have become great leaders and role models for young people in this country.
It is clear that youth need positive influence, good role models, and friends with exceptional goals. In 2012, the chamber was given the task to develop a youth leadership program following the rollout of the Williamsburg County Strategic Plan. The strategic plan documentation states that strong leadership is vital for productive communities. The success of Williamsburg County is dependent on having good quality leadership that will work together. Therefore it is important that the county focus on developing leaders for the future. Understanding the need for youth development, Jolie Brown with Williamsburg 4-H and I partnered to plan and promote a local youth leadership experience. Realizing the need to make the program attractive to youth, we stepped out in faith and committed to take the youth to Washington D.C. following the conclusion of the program. As it turned out, we had many qualified young people complete applications and the interview process but could only accept 10 youth this year. Those selected represent public and private schools and have completed the first leadership activity. The second session will focus on industry and technical education in the county.
As we continued stepping out in faith, my young friend determined that the leadership program should sponsor an event that could raise funds for our trip to Washington as well as bring visitors to Williamsburg County. As a dedicated runner, Jolie envisioned a 5K race serving the purpose of promoting tourism while raising funds for the trip to D.C. The race also gives the leadership participants the opportunity to participate and volunteer with a community event. A committee was organized, met, and planned the "Race to Washington" for May 3rd, 2014. The 5K race is being promoted by Carolina Race Company and will be publicize through their website. The race will include runners, walkers, and youth. Even as Jolie and I were stepping out in faith to plan a trip to D.C. and a race, the town of Kingstree was hiring Kelly Alford to be the new director for parks and recreation. Unbeknownst to us, Kelly is an experienced runner and brings knowledge and enthusiasm to our race committee.
Jolie and I are excited to work with a great group of youth and to provide a new opportunity for the community. We invite you to get your running or walking shoes ready and join us as we "Race to Washington." We look forward to seeing you at our event and know you will be there because just like Mrs. Carson and the Tuohys we are stepping out…in faith.
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Thursday, April 17, 2014
Tails were wagging in downtown Summerville at this months Third Thursday celebration on April 17.
Summerville DREAM and Pulte Homes sponsored the event, with a theme of Rescue Me. Animal rescue organizations and pet-friendly businesses were featured, and many attendees brought along their four-legged family members to enjoy the fun.
The Journal Scene is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not The Journal Scene.
If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click "report abuse" and we will review it for possible removal. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.
© 2015 The Journal Scene an Evening Post Industries company. All Rights Reserved.
Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy and Parental Consent Form.


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- 17" Brown espresso Vipercloth® snake cloth
- Oro russett leather
- 5 Iron Texon® insole
- Leather lined
- Buckle detail on shaft and instep
- Brown Vibram® Robinson outsole
- Handcrafted in the USA
Chippewa Boots® is the undisputed leader in the making of the finest snake boots anywhere in the world. Stylish yet constructed to withstand the strikes of venomous snakes thanks to the combination of lining and outside leather thickness. Don't trust your luck to any ordinary snake boot. Ask for Chippewa snake boots. Built and designed to be the ultimate in multi-functional footwear the Field Series appeals to both the avid sportsman and the casual wearer. It blends durability, performance, comfort and styling.
Style(s): 23913
Product Reviews for Chippewa Men's 17" Snake Work Boots
Reviewed by 2 customers
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Comments about Chippewa Men's 17" Snake work Boots:
I have never owned a more comfortable snake boot in all my life! Being raised on a ranch in South Texas where the thorny under-brush and rattle snakes are quite abundant, these snake boots are well worth the money spent! I get quite alot of compliments on them, and I have to stop and tell everyone who asks,just " How comfortable they really are!" " It's like wearing comfortable tennis shoes all day!" I tell them.I have had this pair for about four years,and wear them just about every day. I will just now have to probably resole them. I am really looking forward to getting an extra pair. I would assume that all your line of footwear is just as comfortable. Thanks for putting out such a great boot!
Comments about Chippewa Men's 17" Snake work Boots:
These are some of the most comfortable boots I have ever worn. I am a hunter and outdoorswomen and spend considerable time in my footwear in all types of conditions.These boots have by far proven their worthiness. I am so impressed I am ordering a second pair. They are well constructed,amazing light on your feet,fit very true to size,and look quite smart, even in dressier situations.
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Jennifer Gareis stars as Donna Logan, the sister of "Brooke Logan" and "Katie Logan" on THE BOLD AND THE BEAUTIFUL.
Gareis is well-known for her role as Grace Turner on CBS's The Young and the Restless from 1999 to 2002 and then again in 2004. Her other credits include Luckytown, The 6th Day, Venus on the Halfshell, Miss Congeniality and the short film Honking Cab.
Before launching her acting career, Gareis worked in New York as a model, appearing on the pages of leading publications like Glamour, Fitness, Esquire and Women's Wear Daily. Gareis is originally from Lancaster, Pennsylvania and attended Franklin & Marshall College in her hometown, earning a Bachelor of Science in Accounting. She recently graduated with her MBA from Pepperdine University in Malibu, California.
Gareis resides in Los Angeles with her husband Bobby Ghassemieh and their children Gavin and Sophia. She celebrates her birthday on August 1st.


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Girls Deborah Lippmann Limited Edition Nail Polish [Set of 4]
List Price: $45.00
You Save: $16.87 37% off
To Order by Phone Call 1-866-316-4814
Additional Details
- Includes: (4) 50 fl. oz. bottles
- Made In: U.S.A.
The first season of the HBO series GIRLS became an instant hit, with a strong presence at the Emmy Awards (with four nominations: Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series, Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series and Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series) and a cult-following to boot.
Along with a new season, January 2013 brings an exciting partnership between Deborah Lippmann and HBO: a limited-edition set of four nail lacquers inspired by each of the GIRLS.
As always, Deborahs nail colors are named after songs. With music being an emotional force of the show, the four shades are aptly named with song titles that symbolize each of the GIRLS distinct personalities. Independent, feminine, playful, sexy and of course complex - there is a color for every kind of mood. The collection is witty and empowering while celebrating the various dimensions of feminine identity.
Colors Include:


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Heavyweight: Cro Cop
Light Heavy: Hendo (if he don't count here then it's Shogun)
Middleweight: Ace
Welterweight: GSP
Lightweight: Pulver
Heavyweight: Cro Cop
Light Heavy: Hendo (if he don't count here then it's Shogun)
Middleweight: Ace
Welterweight: GSP
Lightweight: Pulver
HW: Fedor but I also like Werdum (tie)
LHW: Rampage
MW: Hendo
WW: Bj Penn
LW: Sean Sherk
HW: Mirko CroCop
LHW: Rampage Jackson
MW: Dan Henderson
WW: BJ Penn
LW: Joachim Hansen
Man...this aint easy as i thought it'd be....
HeavyWeight: Big Nog (top 4 HW's are by far my favorite, not becasue of status but because of how much effort they put into their performances)
LightHeavy: Rampage (Silva, Shogun and Manhoef are close)
Middle: Filho (Anderson, Hendo, Kang and Akiyama are close)
Welter: St. Pierre
Lightweight: Aoki (Gomi, Kid and Mach right up there as well)
Dana White - "Fedor is a farce"
Fedor - Destroys Sylvia in 36 seconds
Bas Rutten : Ubermensch
Maurício Ruas: Ubermensch
Dan Henderson: Ubermensch
BJ Penn: Ubermensch
Takanori Gomi: Ubermensch
Last edited by Ubermensch; 03-06-2007 at 08:32 PM.
HW: Cro-Cop
LHW: Tito Ortiz
MW: Spider Silva
WW: Penn
LW: Melvin Guillard
HeavyWeight: Fedor
LightHeavy: Bisping
Middle: A. Silva
Welter: St. Pierre
Lightweight: Penn
Please only pick one fighter per weight class, I know it's hard as hell but pick your absolute favorite per class. I'm not going to add you to two fighter's lists if you can't pick!
Who wants cream? Nobody? Ok, no cream.
HW- Fedor
LHW- Iceman
MW- Hendo
WW- Hughes
LHW- Joe Daddy
Bears...Beets...Battlestar Galactica
Sorry Bro Fixed it.Originally Posted by strife
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The Delaware State Emergency Response Commission (SERC), created in response to the federal Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) of 1986, is comprised of representatives from various state and local government organizations and industry. The primary focus of the SERC is to enhance state and local emergency response and preparedness capabilities through better coordination and planning.
Poultry Grower Releases Compliance Assistance
* Annual Haz Mat Conference * - The State of Delaware will be hosting the 8th Annual Hazardous Materials Conference April 10-11, 2015 at the Delaware State Fire School. For more information including registration instructions, visit our What's New Page.