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The present invention relates to a process for producing an irregularly shaped Radio Frequency operable transaction device using conventional International Standards Organization dimensions for conventional transaction cards. The invention provides for normal manufacture of a plurality of transaction cards joined together in a single sheet. The outline of a RFID transaction device is impressed in a center portion of one of the transaction cards. A RFID transaction device may then be removed, or punched out of the transaction card in accordance with the transaction device outline.
1. A method for manufacturing a radio frequency identification (RFID) transaction device, comprising:
preparing a sheet of a plurality of RFID transaction cards, wherein each RFID transaction card is distinguished from each other RFID transaction card by transaction card alignment marks, the transaction card alignment marks defining the individual outside perimeter for each RFID transaction card;
sensing, using an optic sensor, a plurality of preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks on the sheet of the plurality of RFID transaction cards, and causing a stamping device to reconfigure to impress a shape defined by the preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks;
impressing by the stamping device a plurality of distinct RFID transaction device outlines into the sheet of the plurality of RFID transaction cards as defined by the preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks for each respective RFID transaction device, wherein each RFID transaction device outline is impressed so as to lie substantially completely within an RFID transaction card outside perimeter, the impressing of the RFID transaction device outlines being done with sufficient pressure so as to form a removable RFID transaction device within each transaction card outside perimeter, the RFID transaction device being operable to send radio frequency (RF) transmission;
punching out at least one of the plurality of RFID transaction cards in accordance with the transaction card alignment marks; and
removing at least one RFID transaction device from within at least one of the plurality of the RFID transaction cards.
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4. A system for manufacturing a radio frequency identification (RFID) operable transaction device supported within the body of an RFID operable transaction card, the RFID operable transaction device being removable from the RFID operable transaction card for independent operation, comprising:
a sheet of a plurality of RFID transaction cards, wherein each RFID transaction card is distinguished from each other RFID transaction card by transaction card alignment marks, the transaction card alignment marks defining the individual outside perimeter for each RFID transaction card;
an optic sensor, operable to sense a plurality of preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks on the sheet of the plurality of RFID transaction cards;
a stamping device operable to reconfigure to impress a shape defined by the preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks read by the optic sensor and to impress a plurality of distinct RFID transaction device outlines into the sheet of the plurality of RFID transaction cards as defined by the preprinted RFID transaction device alignment marks for each respective RFID transaction device, wherein each RFID transaction device outline is impressed so as to lie substantially completely within an RFID transaction card outside perimeter, the impressing of the RFID transaction device outlines being done with sufficient pressure so as to form a removable RFID transaction device within each transaction card outside perimeter, the RFID transaction device being operable to send radio frequency (RF) transmission;
a punching device operable to punch out at least one of the plurality of RFID transaction cards in accordance with the transaction card alignment marks; and
a removing device operable to remove at least one RFID transaction device from within at least one of the plurality of the RFID transaction cards.
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This invention claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/192,488, entitled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MD PAYMENT USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION IN CONTACT AND CONTACTLESS TRANSACTIONS," filed on Jul. 9, 2002 (which itself claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/304,216, entitled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RFID PAYMENTS," filed Jul. 10, 2001), to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/396,577, entitled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PAYMENT USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION IN CONTACT AND CONTACTLESS TRANSACTIONS" filed on Jul. 16, 2002, and to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/340,352, entitled "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INCENTING PAYMENT USING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION IN CONTACT AND CONTACTLESS TRANSACTIONS," filed Jan. 10, 2003, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention generally relates to transaction devices, and more particularly, to a system and method for fabricating a Radio Frequency operable transaction device.
For many years personal checks, travelers checks, money orders, traditional currency and the like were the most popular means for paying for goods or services. These payment means, however, were often difficult or impossible to replace if lost or stolen. This is typically true, since these means of payment were disposable in that they were typically single-use devices, meaning that once the devices were used, the ability to reuse the devices was instantly lost to the user.
As such, recent years has seen the development of transaction cards, such as credit cards, debit cards, smart cards, pre-paid cards and the like as a popular substitute for cash or personal checks. Initial transaction cards were typically restricted to select restaurants and hotels and were often limited to an exclusive class of individuals.
With the advent of plastic credit cards, the use of transaction cards has rapidly increased world-wide. Transaction cards are not only information carriers, but also typically allow a consumer to pay for goods and services without the need to constantly possess cash, or if a consumer needs cash, transaction cards allow access to funds through an automatic teller machine (ATM). Transaction cards also reduce the exposure to the risk of cash loss through theft and reduce the need for currency exchanges when traveling to various foreign countries. Due to the advantages of transaction cards, hundreds of millions of cards are now produced and issued annually
The vast number of cards produced demands international standards for card dimensions (e.g., length, width, thickness, shape). For example, the International Standardization Organization ("ISO") standardizes a transaction card's dimensions under standard ISO/IEC 7812, a standard which is accepted industry wide. As such, the machines used to manufacture a transaction cards vary little from one transaction card manufacture to another, in order that each manufacturer conforms to the industry standard.
As the number of transaction cards issued increased, so did the administrative and security issues surrounding transaction card transactions. Security concerns such as, fraudulent charges, credits, merchant settlement, and reimbursements, etc., have increased due to the increasing use of transaction cards. As a consequence, the transaction card industry started to develop more sophisticated transaction cards which allowed for the reading, transmission, and authorization of transaction card data, while lessening the elevating security concerns. For example, many transaction card manufacturers are providing transaction devices capable of being used in place of traditional transaction cards. Initially, the replacement transaction devices where manufactured in the form of smart cards, which were capable of transferring user information without the user every having to lose physical control of the device.
While the advent of smart cards helped to alleviate some of the security issues surrounding transaction devices, smart cards did little to address fraud issues associated with a lost or stolen transaction card. This is true because the smart cards where manufactured with the same size dimensions as traditional transaction cards. More particularly, while the identical size dimensions between the traditional transaction card and the smart card has the cost advantage associated with permitting a card manufacturer to manufacture smart cards on traditional transaction card fabrication machinery, the disadvantage is that the smart card users typically did little more to secure the smart card than what was done to secure a traditional transaction card.
Thus, to alleviate the fraud cost associated with a lost or stolen transaction device, transaction card providers are searching for suitable technology which would permit a transaction to be completed without the cardholder having to relinquish control of the card. One such technology is radio frequency identification (RFID) technology.
Like barcode and voice data entry, RFID is a contactless information acquisition technology. RFID systems are wireless, and are usually extremely effective in hostile environments where conventional acquisition methods fail.
In general, RFID technology permits a card manufacturer to provide for a dimensionally smaller transaction device than a smart card or traditional transaction card. RFID technology, therefore, is better suited for securing against loss or theft. For example, the RFID technology may be embodied in a form factor attachable to the account holder's person or to an often used personal article, such as a key chain, fob or tag. In this way, the user has increased security against loss, since the personal article is handled frequently.
One of the more visible uses of the RFID technology is found in the introduction of Exxon/Mobil's Speedpass� and Shell's EasyPay� products. These products use transponders placed in a fob or tag of irregular shape which enables automatic identification of the user when the fob is presented at a Point of Sale (POS) device. Fob identification data is typically passed to a third party server database, where the identification data is referenced to a customer (e.g., user) credit or debit account for completion of a transaction.
By providing a RFID transaction device (e.g. fob) as described above, transaction account providers are able to attract account users in increasing numbers. The account users often prefer account providers which offer the RFID transaction device option because of the convenience of use and the security using a RF transaction fob provides. As such, because of the increased popularity and benefits associated with RFID transaction devices, many banking and financing institutions, department stores, petroleum companies and other organizations have developed their own RFID transaction devices for use by the organization's consumers.
One advantage of the RFID transaction devices, such as, a key chain fob, is that the key chain fob may be easily secured because of its diminutive size as compared to traditional smart cards and transaction cards. For manufactures, however, the disadvantage is that since the key chain fobs may be irregular shape, the card manufacturer cannot typically use the same machinery to cut the fobs as the manufacturer used to cut the traditional cards and smart cards. Instead, the card manufacturer must retrofit the existing machinery to cut the irregularly shaped fobs, or the producer must obtain machinery specially manufactured for cutting the fob shape. This, in turn, increases the manufactures transaction device fabrication costs.
The present invention relates to a system and method for manufacturing contactless RFID operable transaction device and methods of using the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method of providing a RFID transaction device which may be manufactured using conventional RFID transaction device manufacturing equipment.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a transaction device manufacturing system and method which requires little retrofitting of conventional transaction card manufacturing machinery.
In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for producing a transaction device, such as a key fob, having any one or more features, such as a holographic foil, integrated circuit chip, silver magnetic stripe with text on the magnetic stripe, opacity gradient, perforations included in the transparent device body for forming an outline of a shape, and an "active thru" date on the front of the device.
The RFID transaction device of the present invention may use RFID technology to initiate and complete financial transactions. In that regard, the transaction device may include an RF transponder and antenna in the device body, which is typically included during the transaction device fabrication. The system in which the RFID transaction device may be used may include a RFID reader operable to provide a RF interrogation signal for powering the transaction device transponder system, receiving a transponder system RF signal including transponder system account data, and providing transponder system account data relative to the transponder system RF signal. The RFID reader may include an RFID protocol/sequence controller in electrical communication with one or more interrogators for providing an interrogation signal to a transponder, a RFID authentication circuit for authenticating the signal received from the transponder, and a serial or parallel interface for interfacing with a point of interaction device.
The RFID reader may be configured to send a standing RFID recognition signal which may be continuously or intermittently transmitted from the RFID reader via radio frequency (or electromagnetic) propagation. In one instance, the transaction device may be placed within proximity to the RFID reader such that the RFID recognition signal may interrogate the device and initialize device identification procedures.
In one exemplary transaction device manufacturing method, a plurality of transaction devices is manufactured simultaneously conjoined on a single sheet. The sheet of transaction devices may be manufactured under any conventional method. Preferably, the sheet is manufactured including RFID operable transaction devices. More preferably, the sheet is manufactured including RFID operable transaction devices including conventional RFID circuitry as described above.
Once the sheet of transaction devices is manufactured, the sheet may then be fed through a stamping device for imprinting a removable transaction device (e.g., key fob) outlined on the single sheet. The single sheet may then be cut into conventional transaction card dimensions, such as, for example, the ISO/IEC 7812 standardized card dimensions. Preferably, sheet is cut such that the transaction card body resulting from the cutting process includes the removable transaction device (e.g., key fob) outline impressed completely within its perimeter. The resulting combination of the card body including the transaction device outline may then be delivered to a consumer, who may remove ("punch-out") the removable transaction device outline. Once removed, the RFID transaction device may be used to complete a RF transaction.
In another exemplary embodiment, the transaction card body is cut and the transaction device outline is imprinted simultaneously. In this instance, the card manufacturer may utilize a cutting machine configured to imprint the removable transaction device outline when the cutting of the card body is performed. In this way, only one machine action is necessary to cut and imprint the removable transaction device outline.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, the transaction card body includes RFID circuitry completely contained within its card body. A Suitable form factor outline such as a key fob outline may be pressed within the perimeter of each of the plurality of transaction card body outlines. The form factor outline may be pressed into the card body such that the RFID circuitry is contained within the form factor outline. The form factor outline may then be "punched out" of the transaction card body outline, such that an independent RFID transaction device shaped in the form factor outline is provided.
In yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the transaction device manufacturer may use a RFID transaction device sheet, which may be cut in the traditional credit card transaction device shape or any shape as desired for a RFID transaction device (e.g., teardrop fob shaped). In this way, a transaction device manufacturer may form both transaction cards and irregularly shaped RFID transaction devices from substantially identically made RFID transaction device sheets, simply by designating the proper design to be made using a particular sheet.
Additional features and advantages of the present invention are described in, and will be apparent from, the detailed description of the present exemplary embodiments and from the drawings.
A more complete understanding of the present invention may be derived by referring to the detailed description and claims when considered in connection with the Figures, where like reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the Figures, and:
The present invention relates to contactless transaction devices and methods of making and using the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a system and method for manufacturing a RFID transaction device using conventional transaction card manufacturing procedures. The present invention addresses the shortcomings in the prior art by providing a cost effective method for manufacturing irregular shaped RFID transaction device.
The transaction device in accordance with this invention may include means for conducting a transaction in a contactless environment. For example, the transaction device may include a RF operable transponder system, which may include a RF-based chip and antenna embedded therein. As used herein, the transponder system, antenna, and other internal transaction device circuitry supporting a RFID transaction may be called "RFID circuitry".
The contactless transaction device can be utilized to efficiently conduct cashless transactions at, for example, a merchant POS, while permitting the accountholder to maintain possession of the device throughout the transaction. The device user account information necessary to complete the transaction is retrieved from the device using contactless means. In addition, the transaction device may further include a traditional magnetic stripe so that the transaction device can alternatively be fed through a magnetic stripe reader or inserted in a device acceptance device for transaction completion.
The present invention may be described herein in terms of functional block components, screen shots, optional selections and various processing steps. Such functional blocks may be realized by any number of hardware and/or software components configured to perform to specified functions. For example, the present invention may employ various integrated circuit components (e.g., memory elements, processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, and the like), which may carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more mircroprocessors or other control devices. Similarly, the software elements of the present invention may be implemented with any programming or scripting language such as C, C++, Java, COBOL, assembler, PERL, extensible markup language (XML), JavaCard and MULTOS with the various algorithms being implemented with any combination of data structures, objects, processes, routines or other programming elements. Further, it should be noted that the present invention may employ any number of conventional techniques for data transmission, signaling, data processing, network control, and the like. For a basic introduction on cryptography, review a text written by Bruce Schneier entitled "Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C," published by John Wiley & Sons (second edition, 1996), herein incorporated by reference.
In addition, many applications of the present invention could be formulated. The exemplary network disclosed herein may include any system for exchanging data or transacting business, such as the internet, an intranet, an extranet, WAN, LAN, satellite communications, and/or the like. It is noted that the network may be implemented as other types of networks, such as an interactive television network (ITN).
Further still, the terms "Internet" or "network" may refer to the Internet, any replacement, competitor or successor to the Internet, or any public or private inter-network, intranet or extranet that is based upon open or proprietary protocols. Specific information related to the protocols, standards, and application software utilized in connection with the Internet may not be discussed herein. For further information regarding such details, see, for example, D
By communicating, a signal may travel to/from one component to another. The components may be directly connected to each other or may be connected through one or more other devices or components. The various coupling components for the devices can include but are not limited to the Internet, a wireless network, a conventional wire cable, an optical cable or connection through air, water, or any other medium that conducts signals, and any other coupling device or medium.
Where required, the system user may interact with the system via any input device such as, a keypad, keyboard, mouse, kiosk, personal digital assistant, handheld computer (e.g., Palm Pilot�, Blueberry�, cellular phone and/or the like. Similarly, the invention could be used in conjunction with any type of personal computer, network computer, work station, minicomputer, mainframe, or the like running any operating system such as any version of Windows, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows 98, Windows 95, MacOS, OS/2, BeOS, Linux, UNIX, Solaris or the like. Moreover, although the invention may frequently be described as being implemented with TCP/IP communications protocol, it should be understood that the invention could also be implemented using SNA, IPX, Appletalk, IPte, NetBIOS, OSI or any number of communications protocols. Moreover, the system contemplates the use, sale, or distribution of any goods, services or information over any network having similar functionality described herein.
A variety of conventional communications media and protocols may be used for data links providing physical connections between the various system components. For example, the data links may be an Internet Service Provider (ISP) configured to facilitate communications over a local loop as is typically used in connection with standard modem communication, cable modem, dish networks, ISDN, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), or any wireless communication media. In addition, the merchant system including a merchant Point of Sale (POS) device and host network may reside on a local area network which interfaces to a remote network for remote authorization of an intended transaction.
A transaction device identifier, as used herein, may include any identifier for a transaction device which may be correlated to a user transaction account (e.g., credit, charge debit, checking, savings, reward, loyalty, or the like) maintained by a transaction account provider (e.g., payment authorization center). A typical transaction account identifier (e.g., account number) may be correlated to a credit or debit account, loyalty account, or rewards account maintained and serviced by such entities as American Express, Visa and/or MasterCard or the like.
The RFID reader 104 may be configured to communicate using a RFID internal antenna 106. Alternatively, RFID reader 104 may include an external antenna 108 where the external antenna 108 may be made remote to the RFID reader 104 using a suitable cable and/or data link. RFID reader 104 may be further in communication with a transaction completion system (e.g., merchant system 130) via a data link. In one exemplary embodiment the transaction completion system may include POS device 110 in communication with a RFID reader 104 (via a data link), and a customer interface 118 in communication with the POS device 110.
Although the point of interaction device is described herein with respect to a merchant point of sale (POS) device, the invention is not to be so limited. Indeed, a merchant POS device is used herein by way of example, and the point of interaction device may be any device capable of receiving device account data. In this regard, the POS may be any point of interaction device or transaction device acceptance device enabling the user to complete a transaction using an RF responsive transponder.
A variety of conventional communications media and protocols may be used for the data links. For example, data links may be an Internet Service Provider (ISP) configured to facilitate communications over a local loop as is typically used in connection with standard modem communication, cable modem, dish networks, ISDN, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), or any wireless communication media. In addition, the merchant system 130 including the POS device 110 and host network 112 may reside on a local area network which interfaces to a remote network (not shown) for remote authorization of an intended transaction. The merchant system 130 may communicate with the remote network via a leased line, such as a T1, D3 line, or the like. Such communications lines are described in a variety of texts, such as, "Understanding Data Communications," by Gilbert Held, which is incorporated herein by reference.
In general, the transaction devices which use the above RF transmission process may take any form. The RFID circuitry may be included in RFID transaction device shaped as desired. To facilitate understanding of this invention,
The RFID fob 500 may come in many different shapes. Because a typical card manufacturer may provide both transaction cards and RFID fobs, the manufacturer must have proper machinery for cutting sheets of transaction devices into the appropriate device size. The present invention provides a system and method for forming RFID transaction devices, which utilizes conventional dimensional standards for transaction cards (e.g., credit cards, smart cards, etc.) irrespective of the shape of the RFID fob. The invention allows for a manufacturer to use a coextensive transaction card and RFID transaction device manufacturing processes to produce both transaction instruments. The process is termed coextensive since identical material layers and/or circuitry may be used whether the card manufacture desires to cut transaction cards or RFID transaction devices.
Manufacturers of transaction cards take advantage of mass production techniques when manufacturing transaction cards. Instead of producing the cards individually, the cards are produced en masse in sheets 200 which are then cut into the appropriate individual size.
Sheet 200 may be prepared using any conventional method of manufacturing a sheet of multiple RF transaction devices 1. The following description is an exemplary method of manufacturing sheet 200. The description is offered to facilitate a understanding of the invention and not by way of limitation.
In the exemplary embodiment shown, sheet 200 may be formed using multiple material layers.
The fabrication of the individual card sheets 200 may include either direct layout (9 layers) of film or the use of a sub-assembly (5 layers). An exemplary sub-assembly 11 consists of 5 layers of film with room temperature tack adhesive applied over thermoset and thermoplastic adhesives. The resulting cards comprise (from the card front towards the card back) 2.0 mil outer laminate (PVC, polyvinylchloride) including having a holographic foil, embossed surface, chip and other indicia on its surface, 9.0 mil printed PVC core with print side out (card front), 2.0 mil PVC adhesive, 1.7 mil PET GS (extrusion coated polyethyleneterephthalate-gluable/stampable) manufactured by D&K (525 Crossen, Elk Grove Village, Ill. 60007), 2.0 mil PET IR blocking film, 1.7 mil PET GS, 2.0 mil PET adhesive, 9.0 mil printed PVC core with the print side out (card back), and 2.0 mil outer back laminate with a signature panel, applied magnetic stripe and other indicia. Optimally, the PET IR blocking film is fabricated in the middle of the layers to balance the card and minimize warping of the resulting card product.
After eventually combining the sheets, by preferably adhering the front layer 10 on top of the back sheet 12, the total thickness of the transaction card 1, including the RFID circuitry 20, is about 0.032 in. (32 mil.), which is within the ISO thickness standard for smart cards. Because the RFID circuitry 20 is eventually embedded into the surface of the substrate, the circuitry 20 does not affect the thickness of the overall card 1. Moreover, the about 3′�4′ sheets include predefined alignment markings which define the boundaries of the individual cards 1 to be cut from the sheet. Each exemplary sheet yields over 50 transaction cards (typically 56 cards), wherein each card 1 is within the ISO card size standard, namely about 2″�3.5″.
In an exemplary embodiment, certain compounds are printed over the surface of sheets 10 and 12. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the printing of the text 30 and logo 50, and optically recognizable ink may be applied to any surface of card 1 such as, for example, the front 10 face (front material layer 10), the rear 12 face (rear material layer 12), the inside or outside surface of either face, between the two sheets of base material and/or a combination thereof. Moreover, any suitable printing, scoring, imprinting, marking or like method is within the scope of the present invention.
The text 30 and logo 50 are printed on the outside surface of each material layer 10, 12 by a known printing process, such as an offset printing process, which provides a thinner ink coverage, but clearer text. More particularly, with respect to offset printing, the artwork is duplicated onto a metal plate and the metal plate is placed onto an offset press printing machine which can print up to four colors during a single run. The offset printed text may includes, for example, a corporate name, a copyright/trademark/patent notice, a batch code number, an "active thru" date, contact telephone numbers, legal statements and/or the like. The exemplary offset text may be printed in 4DBC in opaque white ink or a special mix of Pantone Cool Gray 11 called UV AMX Gray.
A laminate material layer 15 is applied to the back layer 12 of card 1. In one preferred embodiment, the laminate layer 15 includes rows of magnetic stripes 40, wherein each magnetic stripe 40 corresponds to an individual card 1. The magnetic stripe 40 may extend along one length of the card 1 and is applied to the back surface 12. The magnetic stripe 40 may be any width, length, shape, and placed on any location on card 1. In an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic stripe 40 is applied to the outer laminate layer 15 using a tape layer machine which bonds the cold peel magnetic stripe 40 to the outer laminate 15 when it is in a rolled position (not shown). The laminate 15 roll with a rolling hot die and at suitable pressure. The roll is then cut into layers 10, 12 before the card layers are assembled.
After the desired printing is complete and the magnetic stripe applied, the front 10 and back 12 material layers are placed together, and the layers are preferably adhered together by any suitable adhering process, such as a suitable adhesive. One skilled in the art will appreciate that, instead of printing on two material layers and combining the two material layers, a single plastic material layer can be used, wherein the single material layer is printed on one side, then the same material layer is re-sent through the printer for printing on the opposite side.
In the present invention, after adhering the layers together, a layer of lamination (not shown), approximately the same dimensions as the plastic sheets, namely 3′�4′, is applied over the front 10 and back 12 of card 1. After the laminate is applied over the front 10 and back 12 of the combined plastic material layers, card 1 layers are suitably compressed at a suitable pressure and heated at about 300 degrees, at a pressure of between 90-700 psi, with a suitable dwell time to create a single card 1 device. The aforementioned card fabrication can be completed by, for example, Oberthur Card Systems, 15 James Hance Court, Exton, Pa.
In an exemplary embodiment, the card layers 10 and 12 are fused together in a lamination process using heat and pressure. During the hot press phase, the press is heated to about 300 F degrees and the pressure builds to about 1000 psi and holds for about 90 seconds. The pressure then ramps up to about 350 psi over an about 30 second period and holds for 16 minutes at the same temperature, namely 300 F degrees. The sheet 200 is then transferred to a cold press which is at about 57 F degrees. The pressure builds to about 400 psi and is held for about 16 minutes as chilled water of about 57 F degrees is circulated in the plates. The cold press then unloads the sheet 200.
In one exemplary manufacturing embodiment, the cards 1 may include internal circuitry for use in completing contactless transactions. For example, card 1 may include a RFID circuitry 20 included in the card body. The RFID circuitry 20 is preferably positioned substantially central to the card body. The RFID circuitry 20 may be included interposed between front surface material layer 10 and back surface material layer 20 during fabrication of the sheet 200. Alternatively, after lamination, the RFID circuitry 20 may be included within an individual card 1 within a space created by milling the card body and providing room for the insertion of the RFID Circuitry 20. As such, upon including the RFID circuitry, sheet 200 will comprise a plurality of RFID operable transaction cards 1. Traditional methods for including RFID circuitry 20 in transaction devices 1 are well known, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
After the card sheet 200 is laminated and the RFID circuitry 20 added, the sheets may be cut into individual cards 1 by a known stamping process, including any necessary curing, burrowing, heating, cleaning and/or sealing of the edges. The individual transaction cards 1 are about 2″�3.5″ and conform to ISO standards for transaction card 1 shape and size.
In an exemplary embodiment, the laminated sheets 200 of 56 transaction cards 1 are suitably cut in half on a gilloutine device, resulting in two half-sheets of 28 cards. The half-sheets are loaded onto a card punch machine which aligns the sheets to a die (x and y axes) using predetermined alignment marks 202 visible to the optics of the machine. The half-sheets are then fed under a punch to punch out the desired transaction card 1 in seven steps. Particularly, a fixed distance feed is followed by another optic sensor search to stop the feed at the preprinted alignment mark, then the machine punches a row of four cards 1 out at one time, each punch being made along a preprinted alignment mark 202.
The preprinted alignment marks 202 indicate the perimeter boundaries of each card 1 to be cut from sheet 200. In general, the preprinted alignment marks 202 are included in the sheet 200 as the writing is being added to the device material layers 10, 12. A typical sheet 200 may yield over 50 transaction cards (typically 56). In general, the shape of the cards 1 is kept consistent by using a cutting apparatus having a preformed cutting dye formed in the desired shape. For example, the cutting dye may be formed in any shape, such as for example, a traditional credit card shape as shown in
To separate each transaction card 1 from the other, the cuts may typically be made along the preprinted alignment marks 202. The resulting individual transaction cards 1 may then be distributed for immediate activation and use.
Conventional methods of fabricating, manufacturing and cutting transaction devices, such as, credit cards, smart cards, RFID key fobs are well known. As such, one skilled in the art will understand the machinery and processes for fabricating, manufacturing, and/or cutting as they are included in the scope of this invention. Indeed, in the interest of brevity, conventional methods of fabricating, manufacturing and cutting transaction devices will not be discussed in detail herein. For instruction on manufacturing and fabricating a typical transaction card, see U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/092,681, entitled "TRANSACTION CARD," filed Mar. 7, 2002, and incorporated herein in its entirety.
While the foregoing describes an exemplary embodiment for the fabrication of transaction device 1, one skilled in the art will appreciate that any suitable method for incorporating text 30, logos 50, a magnetic stripe 40, a signature field, holographic foil 15, an RFID circuitry 20 onto a substrate is within the scope of the present invention. Particularly, the holographic foil, RFID circuitry 20, logo 50, magnetic stripe 40, signature field or any other compound may be affixed to any portion of device 1 by any suitable means such as, for example, heat, pressure, adhesive, grooved and/or any combination thereof.
As noted, various card manufacturers are producing RFID transaction devices that are irregularly shaped. As such, the irregular shaped transaction devices are typically cut using a cutting dye, or other method discussed above, which is designed to cut a sheet 200 into the desired transaction device shape. With reference to
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a credit card manufacturer may provide an irregularly shaped RFID transaction device 500 using a manufacturing process that is coextensive with the manufacturing process used for traditional transaction card 1 shapes.
To assist in punching out the transaction device 500, the RFID transaction device preprinted alignment marks 502 may be pressed into the transaction card 1 body defined by transaction card 1 preprinted alignment marks 202. The transaction card 1 body may be formed with one or more material layers, such as, for example, front layer 10, and back layer 20. The pressing action may result in indentations, or perforations being impressed into or through one or more layers of the multilayer transaction device. The perforations or indentations may not traverse completely through the card body. Instead, the perforations or indentations are impressed at such sufficient depth to permit the transaction device 500 to be removed from the transaction card 1 body with minimal effort. Thus, the perforations or indentations are typically provided along the transaction device 500 preprinted alignment marks 602. Preferably, the perforations and indentations used to form the outline of the transaction device 500 may be arranged to form an outline of a shape, a picture, a security enhancing visage or the like. Suitable methods for providing perforations are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/288,945, entitled "PERFORATED TRANSACTION CARD," filed Nov. 6, 2002, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
In accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the transaction device outline is impressed within the card 1 body drawn by alignment marks 202. For example, the preprinted sheet 700 of conjoined RFID transaction cards 1 is provided (step 902) with the transaction card alignment marks 202 preprinted on the card front or rear surface 10, 12, and the transaction device outline 502 ("alignment marks 502") is impressed within the alignment marks 502 (step 904).
Once the impression of the transaction device 500 is made in the transaction card body 1, the transaction device 500 may be prepared to be removed from the transaction card 1 body (step 910). In one exemplary embodiment, the transaction device 500 is removed from the transaction card 1 body by the manufacturer (step 918) prior to providing the transaction device to a user for device activation and device usage (step 916).
In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the RFID transaction device 500 is removed from the transaction card 1 body by the end user. For example, a transaction card provider may provide a customer with the transaction card 1 body including the impressed transaction device 500 outline 502, in combination (step 912). The user may then have the liberty to remove the transaction device 502 from the transaction card 1 body at the customer's leisure (step 914), and to activate the transaction device for use (step 916).
In exemplary operation, a user of the RFID transaction device 500 simply approaches an RF-based reader 104 when the user wishes to conduct a transaction. The user simply waves the RFID transaction device 500 at a certain distance from the RF-based reader 104 until the reader 104 acknowledges that the information contained in the RFID circuitry 20 has been received. The RF-based reader 104 then utilizes at least a portion of the information contained in circuitry 20 (such as, a user's account number associated with the transaction device) to complete the transaction.
The preceding detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention makes reference to the accompanying drawings, which show the exemplary embodiment by way of illustration. While these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that logical and mechanical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the preceding detailed description is presented for purposes of illustration only and not of limitation, and the scope of the invention is defined solely by the appended claims and their legal equivalents when properly read in light of the preceding description. For example, the steps recited in any of the method or process claims may be executed in any order and are not limited to the order presented. In addition, although the present description illustrates the invention as embodied in a card or key fob, the invention is not so limited. That is, the present invention contemplates the incorporation of the inventive technology into a form factor presentable by hand.
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text: Ben Sherman was founded in 1963, and the Ben Sherman shirt became a firm favourite with the Mod youth. Here we are 40 years later and range is as popular as ever. Today, Ben Sherman produce Mens wear, Ladieswear & childrenswear. Now they have released the Ben Sherman Accessories range which we are delighted to bring to you as it offers a good compliment our Online jean store. The range includes, Jeans, Shirts, T-Shirts, Wallets, Belts & Shoulder Bags all with a Mod theme.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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On December 29th and 30th Antlers hosted a Holiday Basketball Festival for local teams. Most of the games went smoothly but during the Bearcats and Rams Boy's game the crowd began to show their true colors with yelling at the referees, cursing at coaches and all in all bad sportsmanship on the part of the fans and parents in the stands.
The Moyers Tigers took on Battiest and it was a cool and calm game overall with the Tigers winning 59 to 46 over Battiest. Both teams showed determination and skill as they fought to see who would take the win. For the Tigers: B. Slocum scored 12 points, J. Dudley scored 14 points, J. Mattingly scored 10 points, Z. Brittingham scored 0 points, T. morgan scored 14 points and C. Armstrong scored 9 points.
The Lady Cats took on the Lady Rams and it was a struggle for points as both teams showed remarkable defense skills. The Lady Cats ended up taking the win with a final score of 38 to 27 over the Lady Rams.
The game that caused the most controversy and outrageous behavior of the festival was the Antlers Bearcats against the Rattan Rams boy's game. The questionable behavior however didn't come from the players or coaches but from the people in the stands. Both teams showed that they had come to play and intended to take home the win for this rival game and at the end of the first period it was Rattan 20 to Antlers 16.
Throughout the second period both teams showed an increased desperation to put the ball through the net and the scores continued to climb, but slowly as the defense players were showing their skills. At the end of the second period the Rams were still onto with a score of 31 to 28.
After the half both teams came back out onto the court refreshed and ready to continue play. The Rams continued to stay just a step ahead of the Bearcats as the scores raced towards 50. At the end of the third period the score was Rams 47, Bearcats 43.
In the last period of play the Bearcats kicked it into high gear and closed the point spread. When the final buzzer sounded the score was tied up at 58 to 58, signaling the start of overtime play for the boys. Frantic play ensued as both teams were determined to score the most points but at the end of OT the Bearcats had managed to come out on top and won the game 64 to 62 over the Rams.
The Bearcats lead scorers were: Bryce Martin with 19 points, Jimmy Mician with 15 points, Harlan House with 12 points, Tanner Brown with 12 points, Arizona Taylor with 4 points and Dakota Turner with 1 point.
The Rams lead scorers were: Colin Mack with 16 points, Dustin Davidson with 13 points, Jonathan Samuels with 13 points, Landon Carper with 11 points, Brett Mack with 6 point and Blane Watts with 3 points.View more articles in:


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Arizona State coach Todd Graham expressed remorse for the way he left Pittsburgh but still defended his decision in a wide-ranging interview with CBSSports.com.
Graham also said his mistake wasn't leaving Pittsburgh, but rather taking the job in the first place.
Graham resigned from his job at Pittsburgh after one season while pursuing the Sun Devils' coaching position and informed his players via text message, through an intermediary.
"I do feel bad," Graham told reporter Dennis Dodd. "They hammered me about text messaging. I did it because I wasn't going to have them find out on the news. It makes me sick. It was one day of getting your head kicked in and probably deservedly so. I was sure willing to do that because this is the first time in 26 years of coaching it benefitted my wife. It benefitted my kids.
"I'm not saying I didn't make a mistake. I'm not saying I didn't have any regrets. I think the mistake was making the move (to Pittsburgh) in the first place."
Recommended On The Web
- Pitt Announces Paul Chryst As New Football Coach, Replacing Todd Graham SBNation: Thursday Dec 22
- Let's try this again: Pitt makes Paul Chryst its third head coach of 2011 (Yahoo! Sports) Yahoo Sports: Wednesday Dec 21
- Arizona State vs Boise State: Sun Devils Need to Unleash Vontaze Burfict Bleacher Report: Thursday Dec 22
- Las Vegas Bowl: Three keys for ASU ESPN.com: Thursday Dec 22
Graham's move spurred negative dialogue from across the country, a faction that certainly included current Pitt players.
Panthers WR Devin Street was the most vocal player, taking to Twitter to call Graham a "liar" in a series of posts.
"I understand with them being angry. I understand them being upset. They have a right to be," Graham said in the interview.
Still, Graham said he doesn't at all regret leaving his post at Pittsburgh. According to the report, Graham actually resigned from his job before Arizona State made a formal offer.
That came about, Graham said, because Pittsburgh denied Arizona State permission to talk to the coach.
"I basically resigned my job at 10:30 at night and had to take a flight the next morning," Graham said. "There was no way for me to talk to my kids. That wasn't my doing."
The Arizona State gig was a perfect location for his family, Graham said. And he felt his long-term job security would be better out west.
"Coaches are fired after one year. They're fired after two years," Graham said. "Once you get fired at this level, you don't get another job. It's hard to get another job ... It's a brutal business."


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text:
Halo 5 isn't the only sci-fi shooter coming to Xbox One. Titanfall is a new FPS featuring mechs, jetpacks, and more.
Microsoft and Respawn Entertainment have announced a new IP coming exclusively to the Xbox One, Xbox 360, and PC.
Titanfall is yet another first-person shooter headed to the next-generation console. Certainly between Call of Duty: Ghosts, Battlefield 4, Halo 5, and Titanfall we've seen our fair share of shooters at E3 so far.
At Monday's Microsoft E3 press conference, the Respawn showed off gameplay featuring mechs, jetpacks, and futuristic weapons and powers.
The new IP was announced shortly after Microsoft revealed the cost for the Xbox One: $499 at its November launch.
Forbes' Dave Thier says this is a price point that "won't play with casuals, especially not in year one." Microsoft, as we've seen, has a long ways to go to appeal to the hardcore gaming demographic—the sort of people likely to drop five hundred dollars on a console.
"If the Playstation 4 really is $400," writes Paul Tassi, "the way many have been predicting, that's going to be a HUGE benefit for them."
Stay tuned for the Sony conference at 6 PM PST. I'll have the event streaming live here at Forbes.
So we saw some new IPs at the MSFT conference, and Titanfall certainly looks like it could hold its own—and may have even learned a thing or two from the free-to-play shooter Tribes: Ascend.
But even established exclusives like Halo 5 will have a hard time bringing in casuals at $499.
Even if Titanfall is incredible—and I admit, I'm having a hard time getting excited about a new first-person shooter; I was hoping it would at least be a third-person title—that price point is high.
For those who don't already know, Respawn Entertainment was founded by Jason West and Vince Zampella, the creators of Call of Duty, after a bitter split with Activision. It's interesting to see those guys head to Microsoft while Bungie, the once Microsoft-exclusive studio, heads into the arms of Activision—and then have both studios make brand new futuristic shooters.
Bungie's Destiny will strut its stuff later tonight at the Sony conference.
Take a look at Titanfall below. The game will also launch on Xbox 360 and PC—possibly making the Xbox One an even tougher sell.


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Police probe death in Springfield Hospital parking lotStaff Report | February 08,2013SPRINGFIELD – Springfield police are investigating the death of a 75-year-old Springfield man who was found dead in his car outside the emergency room at Springfield Hospital on Thursday morning.
Police say Ernest Thomas Hemmings was discovered by hospital personnel, who noticed him in his car outside the emergency room.
Springfield Police Chief Douglas Johnston said that Hemmings' death does not appear suspicious at this time, but police were conducting an investigation into his death. The chief said he did not know how long Hemmings had been parked at the hospital, or whether Hemmings had been at the hospital.
A spokesman for Springfield Hospital did not immediately return a call for comment about the death.MORE IN This Just InThe family of a Connecticut man who was killed in a car accident on Route 4 last Friday night is... Full StoryAssociated Press Full StoryIt seems like I just started to warm up from last winter and I see back-to-school displays. Full Story
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1249 AD, ANDRE of LONGJUMEAU is dispatched by LOUIS IX of France to meet the KHAGAN, ruler of the Mongol Empire; in 1804, during 1st Barbary War, STEPHEN DECATUR scuttles the pirate-held USS Philadelphia in Tripoli.


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The streak is over. Using a tenacious press that limited Galax to just 10 first-half points, Carroll County's boys' basketball team beat rival Galax for the first time since Dec. 3, 2007 on Thursday in Hillsville by a score of 48-31, snapping the Maroon Tide's 8-game winning streak in the series.
Ryan Gravley (16 points) and Connor Lundy (10 points) nearly outscored the Maroon Tide by themselves, while the Cavalier defense forced 24 Galax turnovers. After the game, Carroll County's fans stormed the court after knocking off the two-time defending state champions. Look for the Dec. 12 edition of The Carroll News for full coverage of the game.


text: You are here:HomeFind War DeadCasualty Details BLAKEY, JACK Rank:Flight Sergeant Trade:Flight Engineer Service No:1582692 Date of Death:23/08/1945 Age:30 Regiment/Service:Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve 356 Sqdn. Grave Reference: Coll.grave 13.846-853 Cemetery: KUALA LUMPUR (CHERAS ROAD) CIVIL CEMETERY Additional Information:Son of Mr. and Mrs. F. Blakey. N.B.Please note that this casualty also appears on Column 449 of the Singapore memorial; his name will be removed as and when the panel is next replaced. Download Certificate CWGC Archive Online (0) Disclaimer This collection of documents relating to the First World War was assembled by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission and its predecessors as part of the processes involved in the commemoration of individuals. As a result, they contain many corrections and alterations which reflect their use as working documents. For further information concerning the history of the collection, please see our About Our Records page. Please be advised that some of the documents, especially the burial returns and exhumation reports, may contain information which some people may find distressing. The original archive records and their digital copies remain the property of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission, but are available for re-use for private and non-commercial purposes. Having trouble finding documents? Do you need some help? Read our FAQs KUALA LUMPUR (CHERAS ROAD) CIVIL CEMETERY Country: Malaysia Locality: Find out more about this Cemetery including, visiting information, reports and plans and any emergency notices. Find out more You may also be interested in... Our Partners - with links to many different organisations who can help you to better understand the two world wars. (Please note: CWGC is not responsible for the content of External Sites) Having Problems? Please see our help pages... How to find a Casualty How to find a Cemetery


text:
Drape Collar Leather Jacket
Style # 207111
With glossy leather sleeves and contrast suede collar detail, this bebe leather jacket is sure to lend your winter wardrobe an undeniably glamorous polish.
- 100% leather
- Center back to hem: 18" (46 cm)
- Sleeve length: 25" (64 cm)
- Twill lining
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- Imported
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a US size S
Rated 5 out of 5�by 3 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5�by Tria721 Lovely jacket This is a great jacket. Easy transition from day to night April 4, 2013
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1-3 of 3


text:
Sweet and summery LBDs—whose is best?
Celebs have transitioned the little black dress into warm weather, but who makes the classic cutest? Play to vote!
Your score: 0
Which star wore the cuter summer-ready LBD?
See how many out of 20 you can get right. Score by clicking on the photo with the most votes.
Good luck!


text:
The Orbit Baby Car Seat Base serves as the foundation for the Orbit Baby Infant Travel System, an ultra modern travel solution that's won rave reviews for its patent-pending SmartHub docking technology. With SmartHub, the Orbit Baby Infant Car Seat docks effortlessly from nearly angle into the Orbit Baby Car Seat Base, so there's no need to line up any grooves or throw your back out just to get your kiddo in the car. Plus, the Orbit Baby Car Seat boasts StrongArm technology and LATCH optimization to ensure a quick and easy installation in 60 seconds or less.
Many parents enjoy the convenience of owning additional Orbit Baby Car Seat Bases for a second car or grandparents' car, and because the Orbit Base can be used with Orbit Baby's Toddler Car Seat you're guaranteed years of use.
Just like the entire Orbit Baby line of products, the Orbit Baby Car Seat Base showcases high-end materials and a premium finish. The base's full metal chassis, aerospace-grade aluminum backbone, and resilient stainless steel SmartHub safety ring offer unparalleled strength and secure docking. With a breakthrough design and clever, interchangeable usage to grow with your child, the Orbit Baby Case Seat Base is one smart travel accessory.
- Patented StrongArm™ knob allows for a secure installation in only 60 seconds
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- For use with rear-facing Orbit Baby infant and toddler car seats
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- Also available in Infant Car Seat + Base G2 package, and Stroller Travel System G2 package
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- Works with first generation and G2 Orbit Baby infant and toddler car seats; see car seat for weight rating with Car Seat Base G2
- Car Seat Base length, from back to knob: 20.5in (52cm)
- Car Seat Base width : 14in (35cm)
Gift Wrap not available.


text:
It took Libby over an hour to set up. Gathering books, projects, yarn and needles. Setting up a refreshment table. Most important to lure the boys.
And speaking of those boys. They were less than cooperative. Wrestling and throwing balls all through class. Libby didn't seem to mind though. She stayed completely focused. I think she was just happy to have humans to teach, as she usually teaches school in this room to 23 invisible children.


text:
So, I recently got a copy of the audiobook version of Misery. Somehow though, I got two copies of one of the parts and would like to know if I'm missing something or if it was just a fluke and sent me that part twice.
The last part I hear is "Kill You. Goddess. Then there was nothing but nothing" and the next part is "3 - Paul."
I'm confused because it talks about him missing a thumb, but I don't remember hearing anything about him getting his thumb cut off. Am I missing a part? Or is that just how it is?


text:
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text:
"Titans of the Ice Age" transports viewers to the beautiful and otherworldy frozen landscapes of North America, Europe and Asia ten thousand years before modern civilization. Peer through the 3D canvas to an ancient world of ice when man shared the tundra with majestic woolly beasts.
Dazzling computer-generated imagery brings this mysterious era to life — from saber-toothed cats and cave bears to dire wolves and woolly mammoths — giants both feared and hunted by prehistoric humans.
The Ice Age marks a dynamic chapter in the development of the human spirit, a great test of survival, a "trial by ice" that would compel our ancestors to seek understanding and meaning in nature. These inventions and discoveries — art, language, clothing, the taming of fire — born of the Pleistocene, were tools that defined and civilized the human species.
Ironically, our spirit of ingenuity and survival instincts would ultimately provide us with the power and knowledge to alter the very forces of nature that once shaped our existence. And the consequences, from species devastation to global warming, have become the great challenges in the modern era. The Ice Age takes a thoughtful look at the relationships between the Earth, her resources and inhabitants, and our role in a changing world. As the planet now warms by our own hand, jeopardizing thousands of species, how can we tap into the same great human capacity for innovation to solve today's emerging threats?
Tickets [2]


text:
When an inmate in Pushmataha County jail found out that her Dell Laptop had been pawned, an arrest warrant was issued.
Police Chief Dwayne Morgan received a call from the Pushmataha County Jail and the jailer told him that Amber Kirkley was currently incarcerated in the jail due to a violation in drug court and was picked up on November 19, 2012. Kirkley had found out that Bobby Ray Merritt had pawned her laptop computer at Duncan's Pawn Shop and she wanted to file charges against Merritt.
In December, the U.S. health officials announced that this year's influenza season had started early and they predicted it would hit the United States hard. Unfortunately, as reports from around the country make clear, they were right.
Nancy Pelosi, the Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives, expressed support for raising additional taxes as a part of any negotiation for deficit reducing measures. On the CBS Sunday program, Face The Nation, Leader Pelosi was quoted as saying the recent fiscal cliff tax increase of $620 billion was "Not nearly enough on the revenue side."
Congressman Markwayne Mullin (OK-2) issued the following statement in response to Leader Pelosi's call for raising taxes on more Americans:
U.S. Sen. Jim Inhofe (R-Okla.) today reacted to President Obama's announcement on guns that includes both Executive Orders and the pursuit of legislation through Congress.
"While we mourn with those who have lost loved ones, in no way should the actions of those few who act illegally impact the constitutional rights of the many," said Inhofe. "I will continue to strongly oppose any effort to undermine the Second Amendment and an individual citizen's right to keep and bear arms."
"For the past few years Jamie and Alex have been strong leaders for Texas Zoom Gold, an Elite College Showcase team, they dominate the game in every area and I anticipate they will continue that in helping the Paris Lady Dragons. Paris Junior College has a great softball program and I am happy for them." – David Thompson, Head Coach Texas Zoom Gold
The Antlers Lady Cats traveled to Savanna last Tuesday and lost a heart breaker in the final seconds. The Lady Cats dominated the first half of the game and took a comfortable 10 point lead in at half, 26 to 16. However, the Lady Cats struggled in the second half, scoring only 10 points, to Savanna's 23 points. The score was tied with 4 seconds remaining in the game and Savanna called a time out right before senior, Megan Brame stole a Savanna pass, which the officials waived off.
Tanner Brown from Antlers High School made the Tushka All Tournament Team.


text: Tamera Madison Blalock, infant daughter of Tammy Nichols and Dewayne Devon Blalock passed away on Thursday, October 11, 2012 at Brenner Children's Hospital in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. In addition to her parents she is survived by her maternal grandparents, Larry and Virginia Stanley of Hillsville; paternal grandparents, Ellis and Jean Blalock of Hillsville; sisters, Cesilee Nichols, and Jade Blalock; brothers, Jackson Blalock, Hunter Nichols, and Brandon Nichols; special cousin Susan Hernandez; uncles, Reggie Blalock, and Greg Willard. Funeral services will be held on Monday, October 15, 2012 at 2:00 PM at Vaughan-Guynn-McGrady Chapel with Pastor Michael Shockley and Pastor Kirk Montgomery officiating. The family will receive friends at the funeral home on Sunday, October 14, 2012 from 6:00 to 8:00 PM. Vaughan-Guynn-McGrady Chapel is serving the family. A guestbook is available on-line by visiting www.vaughanguynnandmcgrady.com.


text:
'jOBS' biopic with Ashton Kutcher delayed and no new date announced
The Steve Jobs biopic starring Ashton Kutcher which was set to make its big screen debut on April 19 has now been delayed. According to a report by Deadline, the film will no longer arrive on April 19 and no new date has been announced yet either. The film's original release was set to coincide with the date that the late Steve Jobs had founded Apple.
The release date of the Steve Jobs biopic that stars Ashton Kutcher has quietly been postponed. jOBS,which closed the Sundance Film Festival this year, had been set by Five Star Films and its distributor Open Road for April 19. It has moved off that date, and a new date has not been determined. Five Star made a service release deal with Open Road before the festival started, and the film's backers were eager to release on the month marks the 37th anniversary of Jobs founding Apple.
The reason for the delay appears to be lack of time to prepare the films marketing and create a buzz around the film before its release. As soon as we hear more on a new release date, we will let you know. The movie which stars Ashton Kutcher in the role of Steve Jobs and Josh Gad as Steve Wozniak covers only a small part of the Apple and Jobs story from 1971-2001.
Source: Deadline
Have something to say about this story? Leave a comment! Need help with something else? Ask in our forums!
Reader comments
'jOBS' biopic with Ashton Kutcher delayed and no new date announced
I reserve any comments on the film until after I've watched it.
The other one being made looks better.
I hope they do re-shoot the movie. I was looking forward to watching it until I heard that Woz said that it was inaccurate. The fact that they didn't even ask Woz and others who were 'THERE' how it happened is beyond shocking and disappointing. They need to fix it. This is annoying as a movie being made with a different ending than the book version (hint HP).
i think ashton makes a terrible jobs. The movie based on the official book should be better
I'm not sure I want to see this movie.
They shot this film at my office campus. I have several photos of him walking around. I also have a pic of me with the Apple sign. :) http://www.flickr.com/photos/jafopix/7647252548/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/jafopix/7639728764/
I haven't even seen a trailer for this movie and Ashton Kutcher is enough of a reason to not want to watch this movie.


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Wednesday, March 20, 2013
The Wando boys track and field team claimed three first-place finishes in the Mellow Mushroom Relays, held this past Saturday.
The Warriors won the 1600 meter run, high jump and pole vault. They also had athletes crack the top three in the 4x800 relay, and Wando also had a third-place finish in the pole vault, in addition to first place.
The Wando girls track and field team had six top three events in the Mellow Mushroom Relays: 4x100, 4x400, 4x1600, distance medley, 4x100 hurdles, pole vault and discus throw.
Pole vault and 4x400 were both top finishes for the Warriors. Wando hosts Goose Creek, James Island and Stall on Wednesday during its next meet.
Bishop England
The Bishop England girls track and field team 4x800 and 800 meter events in the Mellow Mushroom Relays.
Bishop England
The Bishop England baseball team survived a challenging three-day stretch this past week, defeating Hanahan, Wando and Goose Creek by a combined score of 32-4.
And, with a 4-2 win over Summerville, Monday night, the Battling Bishops defended their top spot in the 2A state coaches poll.
Bishop England (6-1) travels to North Charleston, Wednesday, in their first region matchup.
The Wando baseball team moved closer to .500 with a 4-1 victory over Saint James, Monday night. The Warriors improved to 4-5 and host West Ashley, Wednesday night.
Wando dropped out of the top 10 4A state rankings.
The Wando boys lacrosse team continued its undefeated start this season with a 10-7 win against powerhouse Benedictine Military, Monday night. The Warriors were led by Tucker Dodson's five goals.
Wando looks to improve its record to 10-0 with a rivalry game against Bishop England Wednesday night.
The Wando girls lacrosse team routed Bluffton 17-2, Monday night.
Allie Bucknam had three goals and a pair of assists, Alyssa Smith had four goals and two assists and Brenna Walsh added four goals of her own.
The Warriors travel to Bishop England, Wednesday.
Bishop England
The Bishop England boys lacrosse team's game this past Saturday against Blythewood was cancelled. Statistics for the Monday night game against Porter Gaud were not available at press time.
The Bishops were 4-2 after last week's loss to Academic Magnet.
The Bishop England girls lacrosse team beat up on West Ashley this past Thursday, 18-5, to improve to 8-1 this season.
Stats for the Bishops' Monday night game at Hilton Head were not available when the Moultrie News went to press.
Bishop England is undefeated when scoring at least 10 goals.
Academic Magnet
The Academic Magnet boys soccer team doesn't allow many goals, which is why the Raptors are the top-ranked 2A program in the state.
Academic Magnet has allowed only two goals all season – coming in the season opener against Bishop England – and has scored 23, inflated by a 16-0 win against Woodland, March 12.
The Raptors (4-0) host Burke, Thursday night.
The Academic Magnet girls soccer team endured a tough win against Bishop England, March 7, and then routed its next three opponents by a combined 25-0 score. The Raptors' game against Garrett Academy was played Tuesday night after the Moultrie News went to press. Prior to the game, Academic Magnet's record was 8-1.
Bishop England
The Bishop England boys soccer team won three games in four days this past week to improve to 6-1-1 this season. The Battling Bishops hosted Burke Tuesday night after press time.
When scoring more than two goals, the Bishops are undefeated.
The Bishop England girls soccer team went on an offensive tear this past week, outscoring three opponents 24-0. The Bishops' contest against Burke was completed after press time.
Bishop England (5-2) has only allowed goals in three games so far this season.
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A method of treating a patient's maxillary sinus having an obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium. A balloon of a balloon catheter is inflated in the obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium to enlarge the ostium. The ostium remains enlarged after the balloon catheter is removed.
1. A method of directly treating a patient's maxillary sinus having an obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium, the method comprising:
pushing a distal segment of a balloon catheter through the obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium;
inflating a balloon of the balloon catheter in the obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium to enlarge the ostium without excising bone or mucosa from the ostium, the ostium being enlarged when the balloon is inflated; and
removing the balloon catheter from the now enlarged ostium, which remains enlarged for a period of time effective to treat the obstructed or narrowed ostium after the balloon catheter is removed.
2. The method of
3. The method of
shifting a proximal segment of the balloon catheter to position the distal segment to enter from the patient's nasal cavity into the maxillary ostium.
4. The method of
rotating a proximal segment of the balloon catheter to position the distal segment to enter from the patient's nasal cavity into the maxillary ostium.
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
selecting the balloon catheter such that the distal segment with the balloon deflated will fit snugly with the obstructed or narrowed maxillary ostium.
9. The method of
medially retracting the patient's middle turbinate.
10. The method of
removing part of the patient's uncinate process.
11. The method of
using cutting forceps to remove part of the patient's uncinate process.
12. The method of
inflating the balloon to nine atmospheres.
13. The method of
deflating the balloon; repositioning the balloon; and inflating the balloon.
14. The method of
inflating the balloon of the balloon catheter in an infundibulum.
This is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/259,300, filed Sep. 30, 2002.
This invention relates to balloon catheters and methods using such catheters for treating paranasal sinuses.
To fully understand the invention, it is necessary to consider the anatomy and physiology of the sinus system.
The ethmoid sinus is divided into anterior and posterior ethmoid air cells 29 and 31. The ethmoid sinus consists of multiple spaces or cells divided by thin bony septae. The ethmoid sinus is contained in the ethmoid bone. The lateral wall of the ethmoid sinus composes the medial wall of the orbit. The medial wall of the ethmoid sinus composes the lateral wall 44 of the nasal cavity superiorly. Anterior ethmoid air cells 29 drain through lateral nasal wall 44 into the middle meatus 22 beneath middle turbinate 20.
The sphenoid sinus 39 is posterior to the ethmoid sinus 29 and 31. Sphenoid sinus 39 has a lateral wall that is adjacent to the optic nerve, carotid artery, and cavernous sinus. The floor of sphenoid sinus 39 lies above maxillary sinus 21 and pterygopalatine fossa. Lateral nasal wall 44 is partially covered by inferior 46, middle 20, and superior 17 turbinates.
Sinus physiology will now be considered. The mucosa of nasal cavity 38 contains secretory elements (mucosal glands and goblet cells) and a dense ciliary layer. The paranasal sinuses are covered by a similar mucosa, although the secretory cells and cilia may be sparser in the more remote areas of the sinuses. The secretory cells produce a large volume of mucus that is normally actively transported by the cilia (mucociliary transport) in a specific pattern (not a gravity dependant pattern) from the sinus through the opening between the sinus and the nasal cavity (sinus ostium). Cellular debris and bacteria are transported in the mucus from the sinus cavity through the ostium into the nose.
Inflammation of the sinus and nasal mucosa causes hyperemia, lymphatic swelling, stasis in the blood and lymphatic pathways and leads to increased secretion of mucus and reduced mucociliary transport. The inflammation may be caused by allergies, noxious agents, nasal polyps, and other factors. Over time there is a pathologic increase in inflammatory cells, ground substance, and fibers with a permanent disruption of mucociliary transport and lymphatic drainage. An obstruction of the narrow ducts and ostia between the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity develops, resulting in a vicious cycle of increased secretions, edema, and ultimately organized connective tissue and mucosal hyperplasia. Bacteria are not cleared from the sinuses and multiply in the fertile inflammatory environment worsening the chronic sinus inflammation (sinusitis).
Treatment with antibiotics, corticosteroids in nasal sprays or systemically, and antihistamines may result in resolution of sinusitis. However some patients become resistant to medical treatment and surgery becomes necessary.
Modern sinus surgery is usually performed endoscopically and is based on the principle of restoring patency of the sinus ducts and ostia by enlarging the opening and allowing mucociliay clearance of mucus from the sinus into the nose to resume. If mucociliary clearance is re-established, then the inflammatory changes in the sinus mucosa described above will resolve. In classic sinus surgery, an incision was made along the side of the nose in the medial canthus to access the ethmoid or sphenoid sinuses. This incision could be extended to beneath the medial half of the brow to also access the frontal sinus. An incision through the gums above the upper teeth and creation of a large bony opening in the maxilla with excision of large areas of sinus mucosa was used to perform maxillary sinus surgery. A large opening was created through the medial wall of the maxillary sinus into the nose in the inferior meatus (maxillary antrostomy) to allow postoperative drainage of the sinus.
The development of endoscopic sinus surgery allowed sinus surgery to be performed from an intranasal approach, thus eliminating the need for external incisions, the creation of very large bony openings, and reducing morbidity. However, endoscopic sinus surgery requires the excision of large areas of bone and nasal mucosa and has reported complications of blindness from damage to the optic nerve, double vision from damage to the orbit and medial rectus muscle, damage to the nasolacrimal duct resulting in tearing and dacryocstitis, leakage of central nervous system fluid and infection of the brain and meninges, loss of the sense of taste, and pain and neuralgia of the face and scalp, and infection of the skull base.
As shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,021,043 and 5,169,043, I have previously co-invented balloon catheters for use in the lacrimal system. In my application "Transnasal Method and Catheter for Lacrimal System," filed herewith, I teach that a balloon catheter can be introduced transnasally to treat the lacrimal system.
A review of the prior art shows a number of patents (Katz U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,478; Brennan U.S. Pat. No. 4,883,465; Akiyama U.S. Pat. No. 4,102,342; Payton U.S. Pat. No. 4,338,941; Katz U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,817; Stangerup U.S. Pat. No. 5,546,964 and Shippert U.S. Pat. No. 5,827,224) which teach the use of expandable devices (usually a balloon) into the nasal cavity or sinuses. Most of these are for the treatment of nose bleeds or the control of bleeding.
A number of articles disclose the use of a balloon catheter in sinuses to hold fractured bones in place, stop bleeding by tamponade, prevent fluid from flowing out of the nose into the pharynx, or to maintain a low intranasal air pressure. In one case, a catheter was used to stent a duct after surgery; and the balloon was inflated in the sinus to deep the stent in position. However, there are no teachings in the prior are to use a balloon catheter to create a new opening from a sinus into the nose, to dilate an ostium or duct, or excise a sinus. A balloon was never used to directly treat sinus disease.
The present inventions teaches the use of sinus balloon catheters to treat sinus disease by creating a new opening from a sinus into the nose, to dilate a sinus ostium or duct, or to excise a sinus. The balloon catheters of the invention constitute a set of catheters having different configurations and dimensions suitable for the treatment of different parts of the paranasal sinus system. The catheters comprise a hypotube formed of stainless steel of sufficient stiffness and column strength to act as a pushable member to be pushed through a surgically prepared small, tight opening from a sinus into the nose, through a sinus ostium or duct, or into a sinus cavity. The small opening may be created surgically or may be the natural ostium or duct of the sinus. In other words, the balloon acts as an expandable and contractable member which in a smaller, contracted or deflated profile can be pushed into a space in the patient's sinus and then expanded to a larger, expanded or inflated profile. After waiting a period, the expandable and contractable member can be contracted or deflated and removed to dilate the space.
One of the balloon catheters used in the invention has a proximal segment and a circular bend placing a distal segment at an angle of 70 degrees to 115 degrees, preferably 90 degrees to the proximal segment. A balloon is mounted over the distal segment which has a slot permitting a fluid under the pressure applied to the proximal end of the proximal segment to inflate the balloon. In other words, the tube acts as a fluid supply conduit in fluid communication with the balloon.
The angled distal segment allows the surgeon to rotate or shift the position of the long proximal catheter shaft, thus positioning the distal segment to enter from the nasal cavity into the sinus at various angles appropriate to each individual patient. The balloon catheter with the 90 degree angle is used to treat maxillary and frontal sinus disease.
The distal segment of the balloon catheter from the outside of the bend to the end of the catheter is 14 mm. The length of the distal segment is short enough to allow it to be rotated within the nasal cavity and thus enter from the nasal cavity into the sinus at the desired angle. The distal segment is long enough to allow a balloon of sufficient length and diameter to be attached to the hypotube for dilation of an opening through the lateral nasal and sinus wall, duct, or ostium. The balloon material is attached with adhesive to the very distal portion of the distal segment and to the proximal portion of the distal segment, the bend, and the very distal portion of the long proximal segment. A longer working segment of balloon can be used because the area of adhesion of the balloon includes the bend and the distal portion of the proximal segment. A 9 mm inflated diameter angled balloon is used to treat the maxillary sinus and a 5 mm inflated diameter angled balloon is to treat the frontal sinus.
Another balloon catheter of the invention is straight or has a minimal angle at the junction of the distal segment and the proximal segment. This balloon catheter is used for ethmoidectomy and sphenoid sinusotomy and uses a balloon with an inflated diameter of 9 mm. Each of the balloon catheters of the invention have a sufficiently small deflated profile to fit through the sinus ostium, duct, or opening in the nasal wall or scar tissue into the sinus.
It is useful to apply a lubricious coating to the balloon material to facilitate pushing it through the lateral nasal wall and sinus wall into the sinus. The proximal catheter shaft has a luer lock with wings or an expansion to allow the catheter to be attached to tubing from the inflation device. The wings allow the surgeon to more easily manipulate the balloon catheter.
The methods of the invention open or enlarge an obstructed or narrowed ostium or duct of a sinus using a balloon and allow the sinus to drain into the nose. This is accomplished without causing damage to the surrounding structures such as the optic nerve, extraocular muscles that move the eye, the orbit, brain, meninges, or nasolacrimal duct.
Another method of the invention removes a sinus and cures sinus disease without damage to the surrounding structures such as the optic nerve, extraocular muscles, orbit, brain, meninges, and nasolacrimal duct. The methods of the invention are useful for opening a sinus ostium or duct which has been narrowed or obstructed by scar tissue from previous surgery or trauma, for creating a new opening in the wall of a sinus which has scar tissue to allow proper drainage of the sinus into the nose, and for removing a sinus which has scar tissue.
The methods of the invention include a balloon catheter antrostomy of the maxillary ostium, a balloon catheter middle meatal maxillary antrostomy, a balloon catheter inferior meatal antrostomy, a balloon catheter ethmoidectomy of the anterior ethmoid sinus, a balloon catheter ethmoidectomy of the posterior ethmoid sinus, a balloon catheter sinusotomy of the sphenoid sinus, and a balloon catheter frontal sinusotomy.
As shown in
Port 140 in distal segment 137 is formed by inserting temporarily a discardable wire segment into the tube 136. This is done before inserting hypotube 136 into luer 144. A transverse slot is cut in the tube 136 approximately 2 mm to 14 mm, preferably 4 mm, from its distal end 184 to form port 140. The slot extends in depth to approximately one third of the diameter of tube 136. A wire wheel is used to remove any burrs, and the discardable core wire is removed and discarded.
A balloon 134 is preferably formed of polyethylene terephthalate and has a length of approximately 4 mm to 30 mm, preferably 14 mm, and a working inflated diameter of 2 mm to 14 mm, preferably 9 mm, for use in the sinus system, except for use in the nasofrontal duct where the preferable inflated working diameter is 5 mm. The balloon has a distal neck 170, a distal tapered region 172, a center region 174, a proximal tapered region 176, and a proximal neck 178. During installation, tube 136 is cleaned with isoproponol and then coated with a primer, "Loctite 770." The balloon is placed over the distal end of tube 136 to align the distal end of distal neck 170 with distal end 184 of tube 136. An adhesive, such as cyanoacrylate, is used. An acceptable adhesive "Loctite 4081" is available from Loctite Corporation. The adhesive is applied to distal end of distal neck 170 and the proximal end of proximal neck 178 to form bonds 180 and 182, respectively. The adhesive is applied to the balloon necks 170, 178 using a small mandrel such as a wire approximately 0.010″ to 0.014″ in diameter. The adhesive wicks into the necks due to capillary action. Proximal neck 178 may be bonded on distal segment 137 of tube 136 or extend over bend 138 onto the distal end portion of proximal segment 139 of tube 136. Extension of the proximal neck 178 onto bend 138 and proximal segment 139 allows a greater length of the working diameter, i.e., center region 174, to be on distal segment 137 of tube 136.
A second embodiment of sinus catheter of the invention is shown in
Catheter 230 has a port 240 in distal segment 237 which is formed by inserting temporarily a discardable wire segment into the tube 236. This is done before inserting hypotube 236 into luer 244. A transverse slot is cut in tube 236 approximately 2 to 14 mm, preferably 4 mm, from its distal end 284 to form port 240. The slot extends in depth to approximately ⅓ of the diameter of tube 236. A wire wheel is used to remove any burrs, and the discardable core wire is removed and discarded.
It is desirable for the catheter 230 to have column strength and marked resistance to lateral bending. The deflated catheter must be capable of being pushed through an initial prepared small opening in the nasal or sinus wall, an ostium or duct, and into a sinus cavity. This may require considerable pressure in some cases.
A balloon 234, preferably formed of polyethylene terephthalate, has a length of approximately 4 to 30 mm, preferably 14 mm, and an inflated working diameter of 3 to 15 mm, preferably 9 mm. The balloon has a distal neck 270, a distal tapered region 272, a center region 274, a proximal tapered region 276, and a proximal neck 278. Necks 270 and 278 are bonded to hypotube 236, forming bonds 280 and 282, in the same manner as is described above with respect to the attachment of necks 178 and 170 to hypotube 136.
As will be described below, angled catheter 130 and "straight" catheter 230 will be used in different method steps for treating various prepared openings, naturally occurring ostia and ducts, and sinus cavities. It is also to be noted that dimensions of the catheters are selected to accommodate different conditions in the paranasal sinus system. For example, the outer diameters of the distal segments with the balloon deflated are selected so that the respective distal segments with the balloon deflated will fit snugly with the prepared openings, natural ostia or ducts and sinus cavities into which these distal segments are to be pushed. As already mentioned, the working inflated diameters of the balloons differ depending on the size required to treat different parts of the paranasal sinus system. Accordingly, the surgeon must, at the time surgery is begun, have available a set of sinus balloon catheters which are angled or straight, the balloons of which have appropriate inflated working diameters, and which have appropriate outer diameters with the balloon deflated that will enable the catheter in question to be pushed into the respective prepared opening, natural ostium or duct or sinus cavity to be excised.
Turning to
Turning to
As seen in
A balloon catheter ethmoidectomy of the anterior ethmoid sinus is shown in
All of the above procedures may be performed in a similar fashion in patients who have had previous sinus surgery and the sinus openings have been obstructed by scar tissue or granulation tissue.
Patent Citations
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Course Abstract Details
MUSIC-132, Rock N' Roll Ensemble 1
Credits: 1
Course Description
MUSIC-132, Rock N' Roll Ensemble 1, is a group organized to provide experience for students and community members in performing rock and roll music. The group is made up of four to seven musicians from the standard rock band instrumentation as well as vocalists. The group focuses on music in the rock genre from the 1950's through today. Prerequisite: exemption/completion of ASE Reading. Two hours laboratory each week. One credit. One billable hour. Offered Spring and Fall terms.
Course Objectives and Grading Information
1. Develop rhythmic accuracy. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
2. Develop pitch accuracy. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
3. Develop musical expression. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
4. Develop instrumental or vocal technique. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
5. Interpret new musical literature. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
6. Interpret new musical techniques. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
7. Develop ensemble vocal or instrumental performance skills. (GE 5, GE 7, PG 1)
Learning Goals
The abbreviations in parentheses represent Learning Goals which have been identified for this course and program of study:


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Elephants may have the best memories, but your little one will always remember this adorable nursery filled with sweet elephant friends! This adorable nursery collection is perfect for your baby boy or girl.
The Carter's Green Elephant Musical Mobile features the following:
- fabric mobile arm sleeve
- Plays Brahms lullaby
- Attaches to most cribs with the included suspension arm
- Easy to assemble


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