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WILLIAMSON – Several pro boxers with local ties won in the King of the Coalfields VI boxing event held at the Williamson Fieldhouse last Saturday night.
Warren Browning, Jason Smith, Austin Marcum, Matthew Deskins and Josh Stepp all fared well in their matches.
Browning, the 14th-ranked cruiserweight in the UBF, who hails from Lenore, won in a third round technical knockout (TKO) over Brandon Winner of Youngstown, Ohio in one of the featured bouts of the night.
Browning now has a pro record of 17-2, 13 by way of knockout . He will fight Bobby Thomas for the state title in Huntington on Jan. 12.
Smith, who grew up in the Kermit area and was a star basketball player at Mingo Christian High School, also won via TKO over Roy Sanders of Princeton. Smith now lives in Logan and fights out of Madison.
Smith fights at 175 pounds and now has a record of 7-1 and hopes to box for the West Virginia state title in the near future. It also may be on Jan. 12 in Huntington.
Austin Marcum of Breeden, new to the pro ranks, defeated Dennis Dales of Richland, Va., in a fourth round TKO. He fights in the 160-pound class.
Stepp, of Lovely, Ky., defeated Acie Waller of Louisa, Ky., in a first-round TKO. He is trained locally by Greg Maynard. Stepp fights at 175 pounds.
Deskins, also of Breeden, defeated Justin Hamilton of Pikeville, Ky., in a first round TKO. Deskins is a heavyweight.
Nick Kisner of Baltimore, Md., who fights out of Madison, defeated Jermaine Walker of Charleston by unanimous decision. This was one of the better bouts of the night that went the distance. Kisner won after six rounds and is undefeated at 10-0.
Jonathan Hill of Charleston beat Terrance Watson of Charlotte, N.C., by TKO in a heavyweight match that only lasted a few seconds. There were also three preliminary amateur bouts before the professional matches began.
Another bout which was to feature Zack Kuhn of Madison was canceled when the other fighter pulled out.
Several of the local boxers attended Tug Valley High School during their high school years.
The King of the Coalfields promoters hope to hold more boxing cards in Williamson, Logan and other regional venues for the up and coming local pro boxers.


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Rox: Tubb Young goes to the GrammysWritten by Martini Rox | | email@example.com
Native son, Tubb Young, was born and raised in a family of singers and musicians. He credits his mother as the major influence in his singer/songwriter career. Growing up as a musician in the church, his natural talent was tailor-made for the music industry. Young, a dedicated artist, has been making music locally and nationally from Toledo for over a decade. He is an accomplished percussionist, keyboardist, guitar/bass player, singer and songwriter and was nominated for a Grammy for his hit song, "Have Your Way." His song was recorded by gospel artist Deitrick Haddon of Oxygen Network's, "Preachers of L.A." Tubb Young is experiencing success from years of hard work as one of the co-founders of the gifted and talented music group, Positive Movement aka PoS MoV. His schedule is filled with interviews since the nomination and he is now ready for Grammy night celebrations and events this coming weekend.
Martini Rox: How did your song, "Have Your Way" make it as the hit single on
Deitrick Haddon's, R.E.D. album?
Tubb Young: I actually had a placement on his last album it wasn't a single, but it was a placement on his last album so we kind of built a relationship from there. Even with that, I met him traveling just down in Detroit, he lived in Detroit at the time. Me and his little brother were real good friends so I would go to studio sessions whenever I could [and] let them hear records I'd done.
Martini Rox: What do you say to those that believe you cannot make it from Toledo?
Tubb Young: It's not where you are physically it's just a mindset. I think one of the most important things is to actually travel. Just because you live in Toledo that doesn't mean you can't go to cities where the music business is prevalent. I live here, but a lot of times I'll go to the conferences and different concerts and different musicals, events and network with people. It's not physically where you live, it's about getting on the grind and getting out here and doing it.
Martini Rox: Are you currently working on your own independent project?
Tubb Young: Definitely. I actually finished an EP that I was slated to release a few months back, but I held off with that because I wanted to add a couple more songs to it. I'm definitely going to release it sometime soon, it's a better time to release it now with all this attention with the Grammys going on it [will] make more sense for people to really get it and understand who I am.
Martini Rox: As a musician you have a busy schedule, how do you juggle family and your music career?
Tubb Young: Well it's pretty easy with me, because my wife is also in the entertainment business. My wife is Fingaz, she was the star of Oxygen Networks hit show, "Hair Battle Spectacular." She was the season star, she was the fan favorite. The thing is having two people that understand what comes with the business and understand how to always have each other's back. Realize we're friends first, so I always have her best interest at heart and likewise her with me. When we come home we try to make home, home and not work.
Martini Rox: Walk us through what you will be doing Grammy night?
Tubb Young: People don't realize the Grammys are literally all day actually, its two days. Saturday night they have a Grammy nominee banquet and after party that's going on all day Saturday. Sunday you have to be there at noon for another ceremony where they [give] all the awards [not] televised. After that we go somewhere else and then they walk us over to the red carpet for the Grammys which start at 8pm and then after the Grammys is the official Grammy after-party.
You can hear Tubb Young's music or contact him @Tubbyoung on all social media sites. The Grammys air this Sunday January, 26th.
As we continue on…
Tags: Deitrick Haddon, Detroit, Grammys, Oxygen Network, Positive Movement, R.E.D. album, Tubb Young

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I used to attend a church in the Denver area whose pastor, Peter Hiett, was disfellowshipped from the Evangelical Presbyterian Church, for teaching something close to Universal Salvation. He gives wonderful sermons which can be accessed online here: http://www.thesanctuarydowntown.org/sermons/


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Microsystems Acupuncture (9783131291110)
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by Hans-Ulrich Hecker, Angelika Steveling and Elmar Peuker
In the last fifty years, microsystem acupuncture has emerged as a safe and effective therapeutic option for a wide range of conditions, from cardiovascular and neurological disorders to obesity and nicotine dependence. Its worldwide acceptance is largely due to the ability of microsystem acupuncture to provide access for treatment, even in the event of extreme local sensitivity to pain.
This book is a comprehensive overview of ear, scalp, mouth, and hand acupuncture to help you understand the relationships between these microsystems and the body. Integrating new and established methods, the book covers such topics as Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture, Korean hand acupuncture, and laser acupuncture with concise text and more than 350 photographs to allow for instant localization of all zones and points. The range of techniques addressed makes this one-of-a-kind work ideal for busy students and practitioners looking for an overview of some of the most rapidly growing and innovative advances in acupuncture and complementary medicine.
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ICBA Applauds Revised Basel II Plan
Washington, D.C. (October 4, 2005) - The Independent Community Bankers of America applauded federal banking regulators for revising their plan to implement the "International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: A Revised Framework," otherwise known as Basel II.
"The revised implementation timeline for Basel II will allow more time for the regulators to evaluate the competitive effects of Basel II and determine if further changes are needed," said ICBA's Camden R. Fine, President and CEO. "We also strongly support the current effort by the regulators to revise Basel I to enhance its risk-sensitivity (Basel 1A) and agree that a concurrent Basel I and II timetable will give the industry a chance to evaluate both proposals at the same time and study and compare the competitive impact of each proposal."
Under the revised timeline, the first opportunity for a banking institution to conduct a parallel run of both Basel I and II would be January 2008. U.S. institutions adopting the Basel II would be subject to a minimum three-year transition period beginning January 1, 2009 during which the agencies would apply limits on the amount by which each institution's risk-based capital could decline with the application of Basel II. The agencies expect that a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPR) on Basel II would be issued in the first quarter of 2006.
"We are pleased that agencies have agreed to retain both the existing Prompt Corrective Action and leverage capital requirements in the proposed implementation of Basel II," said Fine. "Eliminating or reducing the leverage ratio could jeopardize the safety and soundness of our financial system and pose substantial risks to the FDIC."


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Aging: Wet Origin: USA Grade: Certified Angus Beef Breed: Angus Bone: No Weight: 12 or 16 oz Pack Size: 4
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4.29.14 WOMEN'S LACROSSE: Cavs Run Into Storm At Tiffin
Apr. 29, 2014
(TIFFIN, Ohio) - In Walsh's first playoff game in program history, the Cavaliers ran into a storm both in the form of the Tiffin Dragons and the traditional sense of mother nature. The Cavs trailed the Dragons 14-1 before a thunderstorm halted play. Walsh ends the season at 6-9 while Tiffin improves to 8-10 and advances to…
4.28.14 WOMEN'S LACROSSE: Cavs Face Tiffin in GLIAC Tournament Debut
Apr. 28, 2014
(NORTH CANTON, Ohio) – In its first year of being able to play in the post season, Walsh has qualified for the 2014 GLIAC Tournament. The Cavaliers will be the No. 6 seed after they earned the final playoff spot and will travel to Tiffin to take on the Dragons Tuesday at 7 p.m. The Cavs finished the regular season 6-8 overall and were…
4.27.14 WOMEN'S LACROSSE: Cavs Fall to Storm; Look Ahead to Playoffs
Apr. 27, 2014
(NORTH CANTON, Ohio) - Walsh closed out the regular season with a 14-2 loss to Lake Erie on Sunday afternoon at Vasco Field. The Storm (10-7, 7-1) jumped out to a 10-0 lead after the first half and limited the Cavaliers' (6-8, 3-5) offense for the entire game. Aly Jajack (Fr., North Canton, OH/Hoover) and Maria Nobile (Fr.,…
4.25.14 WOMEN'S LACROSSE: Findlay Fires Past Cavs
Apr. 25, 2014
(NORTH CANTON, Ohio) – In a battle between two teams headed to next week's GLIAC Playoffs, Findlay had the upper hand in a 21-5 decision against Walsh on Friday evening. The Oilers (7-10, 5-3) used a 13-2 outburst in the first half to defeat the Cavs (6-7, 3-4). The Oilers raced out to a 9-0 lead before the Cavaliers could…
4.19.14 WOMEN'S LACROSSE: Grand Valley Too Much for Walsh
Apr. 19, 2014
(NORTH CANTON, Ohio) – There wasn't much that Walsh could do against a talented Grand Valley State squad as it lost 18-2 at Vasco Field on Saturday afternoon. The Cavaliers fall even at .500 with a 6-6 overall mark and are also even in the GLIAC standings with a 3-3 record. The Lakers are 9-5 on the 2014 year and remain unbeaten…
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text: Prev Rapper Sean Combs appears backstage at "12-12-12" The Concert for Sandy Relief, on Wednesday, Dec. 12, 2012 in New York. (Photo by Evan Agostini/Invision/AP Images) Gallery: Concert for Sandy Dec. 13, 2012 @ 05:41 PM The Rolling Stones, Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen and Jon Bon Jovi were just a few of the music legends that performed Wednesday nigh in New York to raise funds for Superstorm Sandy relief. (u'nobuy',)


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Bask in the ancient echoes of Native American flutes and keyboard.
Running time: 60 Minutes
Music Tracks
For over twenty years Paul Michael Meredith's Original music has provided inspirational and expansive support for massage, meditations, yoga, tai chi and hypnotherapy. As a composer and multi-instrumentalist, Paul is focused on music that heals the body, mind and spirit through his musical fortes of melody and harmony.
Through his journey as a long-time meditator and hypnotherapist, Paul is especially committed to personal growth and planetary transformation. This heart-felt commitment echoes through his musical stories in ways that engage, expand and soothe the listener. Paul's music is a gift. Listening to his music brings us back to ourselves and all that is good in the world.


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Jolie's mastectomy jump-starts cancer conversationsWritten by Sarah Ottney | Editor in Chief | firstname.lastname@example.com
When 31-year-old Marcie Delia tested positive for a gene mutation that predisposed her to develop breast cancer, she immediately embarked on a regimen of regular screenings, but soon decided that wasn't enough. In November, she underwent surgery to remove both breasts as a preventative measure.
"After about a year, I had enough," the Columbus resident told Toledo Free Press via Facebook. "I'm a risk-averse person and my 50-80 percent odds of getting breast cancer were by no means reasonable or favorable. [I thought] 'If I get cancer, I'll have to have surgery anyway, so why not do it on my terms, minus the life-altering fear of a cancer diagnosis and months if not years of debilitating treatments and continual monitoring?' It was not something I wanted to do, but felt I had to go forward with the surgery for my relative peace of mind. Anything else felt like waiting around to get cancer."
Delia's immediate family — especially her father, who was fighting terminal prostate cancer — was supportive of her decision, but many people didn't understand.
"Any friend who had ever lost a loved one to cancer was immediately supportive and encouraging of my decision. Anyone who had not generally responded with, 'That's really drastic.' Some people said, 'Why not watch and wait?'" Delia said. "That was frustrating. They don't realize that while that is an option, it's a risky one. Mammography can only do so much. There's no guarantee a cancer can be caught early. Others may be comfortable with that approach, but for me, that was too big of a gamble to live with."
Angelina Jolie
On May 14, the topic was thrust to the forefront of international conversation when The New York Times published an op-ed column by actress Angelina Jolie in which she shared her recent decision to undergo a preventative double mastectomy after testing positive for the gene mutation BRCA1.
"Knowing that many other women have been through this helped for sure," Delia said. "[But] what I appreciate is that she is sharing this information and bringing more awareness and discussion to the issue."
Local reactions mixed
Jolie's announcement has also reverberated — with mixed reactions — among local medical professionals.
Kelly Morse of ProMedica's Hickman Cancer Center at Flower Hospital, Northwest Ohio's only board-certified genetic counselor specializing in cancer, said she thinks Jolie will be a positive role model for local women.
"Some women are very attached to their natural breasts and see that as an important part of themselves as a woman and it's very difficult emotionally to wrap their heads around losing them," Morse said. "Other women are of the mindset that they will do anything to remove the risk and basically say, 'How soon can we get this done?' Every woman is just very, very different.
"[Jolie's announcement] should at least allow women to start asking questions and if maybe they didn't think surgery was right for them a few years ago, maybe they will revisit that and decide it's the right thing for them now. Or if they were never tested but know it's in their family, maybe they'll think it's the right time to come back in for testing.
"Just being in her position, as an actress, where physical appearance is obviously very important, that she was able to go ahead with that surgery, I think it's really empowering," Morse said.
However, that same awareness could be "a double-edged sword," said Dr. Nasfat Shehadeh, medical director of Mercy Cancer Centers at St. Anne and St. Charles.
Preventative mastectomies have become more common during the past seven years as more people become aware of the option and as reconstructive methods improve, but it isn't the best choice for all women, Shehadeh said.
"It's an extreme measure," he said. "It might even be an extreme measure in patients with a mutation. I think what [Jolie] has done is very reasonable; it will decrease the risk of breast cancer without question. But a study done in Europe showed it didn't have an impact on overall survival. It can also have a significant psychological effect on the patient and the spouse.
"We have to make sure the patient is really well-informed and understands the consequences. We have to understand that the vast majority of patients will do fine with just a lumpectomy if cancer is detected early. We are overdoing mastectomies and I hope we won't see a second rise of mastectomies because of this story."
One in eight women
One in every eight women, or 12 percent, will be diagnosed with breast cancer, but those with the BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation are five times more likely to develop the disaese, said Shehadeh, adding that only about 5 to 7 percent of breast cancer cases are genetic.
The genetic test is called BRACAnalysis and is done by only one company, Myriad Genetics Inc. in Salt Lake City.
Not everyone is a candidate for BRACAnalysis and not every cancer patient is tested, Shehadeh said.
Younger patients and those with multiple diagnoses in their families are likely to qualify for insurance coverage, but there are many criteria, said Morse, who said she consults with about 10 people per week, typically with a doctor referral.
The initial test costs $4,040, Morse said.
Once a genetic mutation is identified, the test for family members can be set to hone in on that particular gene, making it less expensive, about $475, Morse said.
Delia underwent genetic testing after her father was diagnosed with stage IV prostate cancer in 2010. Both were found to be positive for the BRCA2 gene mutation.
Her father's sister, also BRCA2 positive, had breast cancer, and three of her father's aunts died of breast cancer, one at age 30, Delia said.
"When people hear about my surgery, even medical professionals, they always ask 'Did your mom have cancer?' No. 'Your grandma?' No," Delia said. "Cancer on the father's side of the family matters just as much as cancer on the mother's side."
Road to recovery
Although she trusts she made the right decision, Delia said the physical recovery process as well as the emotional and psychological process of adjusting to her new body will take time.
"All along, I fantasized about the relief I would have once my surgery was over. I thought my anxiety would lessen and this huge weight over me would finally disappear," Delia said. "[Instead] I felt a lot of discomfort and sadness. I know I did the right thing, but to expect relief in the short term was short-sighted."
She does count the timing of her surgery as a blessing as it allowed her to spend time with her father, who died in April, shortly after her second surgery.
"I spent the last two weeks of his life with him almost nonstop," Delia said. "Had I postponed the surgery, I would have been at work. I believe I was meant to have the surgery when I did."
Everyone copes with a cancer diagnosis or a positive BRCA test result differently, Morse said. National support organizations like Bright Pink and FORCE (Facing Our Risk of Cancer Empowered) help many people, she said.
"We can't change or correct our genetics right now," Morse said. "We have to cope and deal with whatever hand we're dealt.
"That's why I personally feel it's important for these families to see the expertise of a genetic counselor, not just for medical but for emotional support.
"It's a pretty personal choice."
Tags: Angelina Jolie, BRACAnalysis, BRCA1, breast cancer, Flower Hospital, Hickman Cancer Center, Kelly Morse, Marcie Delia, Mercy Cancer Centers at St. Anne and St. Charles, Nasfat Shehadeh, ProMedica, The New York Times


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Lion Chair is part of the new range of Safari themed furniture by Wonderworld. The Lion Chair is beautifully designed and well crafted using a solid piece of wood for both the chair seat and back, not mdf. The Lion Chair has red and yellow legs, a lion face and a cute lion face back support. It is one of three animal chair designs which go with the new Safari Table. Sturdy and will be cherished for years to come.
Eco-Friendly: Made in Thailand from environmentally friendly rubberwood and strictly using Non-Toxic Paints, Dyes and Lacquers and Formaldehyde Free Glue. Packaging is made from at least 70% recycled paper.Shipping Note: This item ships directly from the manufacturer within contiguous United States only. Cannot be shipped to AK/HI, PO boxes, US territories, or APO/FPO addresses.


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MARTIN — Residents of Martin may see a return of the community center soon, following a unanimous vote in favor of renewing a lease with the county for the building.
During Tuesday's regular city council meeting, Mayor Sam Howell presented the council with some estimated figures on the community center's operating expenses, and then once again asked that they vote to allow him to sign a new lease with the county.
The matter was not addressed without significant discussion, as council members Mahendra Varia and April Gayheart continued to question the city's ability to afford to operate the center. "If that makes us spend money from the city account, then how much are we going to spend, what is our limit, how much can we afford? Do we have enough money?"
Mayor Howell told the council that he believes the city has enough money, and he plans to control the expenses of the community center going forward.
Gayheart said she wanted some measure put into the lease that would allow the city to walk away if it was found to be financially cumbersome.
Howell said the county clerk, who also maintains an office in the building, would help out with some of the utility expense.
Gayheart and Howell also mentioned there were some safety issues with the floor in the community center that needed to be addressed. Bobby Dingus said he believed that the community had enough vested interest in the center that a lot of work could be accomplished by volunteers.
A motion to renew the lease was made by Bobby Dingus and seconded by James Reynolds. After pausing for a moment when Gayheart asked to think about her decision, the vote was unanimous.
Varia conceded that the center was indeed good for the community, but his assent to renew the lease came with more questions. "We are running in debt in other departments, so how are we to come up with the money?" Varia asked.
Howell says he believes the center can generate enough revenue through rentals and an agreement with the Floyd County Housing Authority to cover the costs.
The Floyd County Fiscal Court will convene a special called meeting this Friday, and among the topics to be discussed is approving a new lease for the Community Center. The meeting is scheduled for 10 a.m.


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HNN746 - Nursing, Cultural Diversity and Politics of Health Care
Unit details
|2015 unit information
|Enrolment modes:
|Trimester 1: Cloud (online)
|Credit point(s):
|EFTSL value:
|Unit chair:
Bernice Redley
|Incompatible with:
|Contact hours:
Learning experiences are via CloudDeakin
This unit focuses on the contemporary trends in nursing and health care policy, planning and delivery in a culturally diverse society; influences of politics, economics, the social-cultural environment and other contextual factors on the policy, planning, organisation and delivery of health and nursing care in a culturally diverse society; nature and implications of changing demographics, locally and globally, for the health care system and the nursing profession; racial, ethnic and aged disparities in health care and the capacity of health care services and the nursing profession to meet the health and social care needs of vulnerable populations; processes for ensuring a culturally and linguistically appropriate response to nursing and health care service delivery; role of technology, caring, and the impact of technological innovations on the practice of nursing; politics of health care reform and the expanded role of the nurse (e.g. nurse practitioners); global shortage of nurses and the problem of ensuring ethical recruitment and supply to meet local and global workforce needs; and future trends and challenges.
Assessment task 1: Assignment 1 (2000 words) 40%
Assessment task 2: Assignment 2 (3000 words) 60%
Unit Fee Information
|Student Contribution Rate*
|Student Contribution Rate**
|Fee rate - Domestic Students
|Fee rate - International students
* Rate for all CSP students, except for those who commenced Education and Nursing units pre 2010
** Rate for CSP students who commenced Education and Nursing units pre 2010
Please note: Unit fees listed do not apply to Deakin Prime students.


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Leather classic bridle photo albums
Classic bridle leather photo albums
Handmade in England from our premium Italian bridle leather, the Kiki James classic bridle range of leather photo albums will fit a range of different sized photographs. From our large square 15"x15" album to the small 6"x8" panoramic album there is a perfect sized album to mark every occasion. These traditional leather photo albums are soft to the touch and will age elegantly over time as they store your memories through the years. Inside the albums each high quality card page is protected with acid free parchment tissue paper. These gorgeous leather photo albums come presented in a striking cream and sapphire blue presentation box and each album can be individually personalised, using our traditional embossing techniques, with names, dates, occasions or a combination of your choice.


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My husband's been telling me for a while that we need to run a humidifier. He was all, "Hey, we need a humidifier" and I was all, "Yeah, whatever." And then I got pregnant and completely freaked out at the thought of a stuffy nose (seriously – congestion sparked panic attacks that would. not. quit.)… [read more]
That Time My Husband Was Right (featuring Crane Humidifiers)
April 12, 2013 by 19 Comments


text:
- Crowdfunding: The New Age of Venture Capital or an Invitation to Fraud and Disaster?
- February 7, 2013 5:30pm - 7:00pm
Academic Calendars
Add an Event to This Calendar
- Are you a Stanford Law School faculty, staff member, or student org officer? Request an Event Manager and/or Content Manager Account.
- Already have your Event Manager account? Login and add your event.
Feature Your Event on the SLS Home Page
- Submit your event and it may be selected as a home page highlight.


text:
commandlinefu.com is the place to record those command-line gems that you return to again and again.
Delete that bloated snippets file you've been using and share your personal repository with the world. That way others can gain from your CLI wisdom and you from theirs too. All commands can be commented on, discussed and voted up or down.
If you have a new feature suggestion or find a bug, please get in touch via http://commandlinefu.uservoice.com/
You can sign-in using OpenID credentials, or register a traditional username and password.
First-time OpenID users will be automatically assigned a username which can be changed after signing in.
Every new command is wrapped in a tweet and posted to Twitter. Following the stream is a great way of staying abreast of the latest commands. For the more discerning, there are Twitter accounts for commands that get a minimum of 3 and 10 votes - that way only the great commands get tweeted.
» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu
» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu3
» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu10
Use your favourite RSS aggregator to stay in touch with the latest commands. There are feeds mirroring the 3 Twitter streams as well as for virtually every other subset (users, tags, functions,…):
Subscribe to the feed for:
Maintained by Jon H.
Site originally by David Winterbottom (user root).
sorts the files by integer megabytes, which should be enough to (interactively) find the space wasters. Now you can
for the above output,
dush -n 3
for only the 3 biggest files and so on. It's always a good idea to have this line in your .profile or .bashrc
This is easy to type if you are looking for a few (hundred) "missing" megabytes (and don't mind the occasional K slipping in)...
A variation without false positives and also finding gigabytes (but - depending on your keyboard setup - more painful to type):
du -hs *|grep -P '^(\d|,)+(M|G)'|sort -n
(NOTE: you might want to replace the ',' according to your locale!)
Don't forget that you can
modify the globbing as needed! (e.g. '.[^\.]* *' to include hidden files and directories (w/ bash))
in its core similar to:
Using perl you can search for patterns spanning several lines, a thing that grep can't do. Append the list of files to above command or pipe a file through it, just as with regular grep. If you add the 's' modifier to the regex, the dot '.' also matches line endings, useful if you don't known how many lines you need are between parts of your pattern. Change '*' to '*?' to make it greedy, that is match only as few characters as possible.
See also http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/1764/display-a-block-of-text-with-awk to do a similar thing with awk.
Edit: The undef has to be put in a begin-block, or a match in the first line would not be found.
I prefer the ip command to ifconfig as ifconfig is supposedly going to be deprecated. Certain IP address aliases can only be seen with the ip command (such as the ones applied by RHCS).
mixing tabs and spaces for indentation in python would confuse the python interpreter, to avoid that, check if the file has any tab based indentation.
"^V" => denotes press control + v and press tab within quotes.
cat improper_indent.py
class Tux(object):
print "Hello world.."
grep " " improper_indent.py
print "Hello world.."
You'll need to install proctools. MacPorts and Fink have this if you're running Mac OS X, check your Linux distribution's repositories if it isn't installed by default.
Get mac address listed for all interfaces.
Grep for a named process.
Do a recursive (-r) search with grep for all files where your old mail address is mentioned (-l shows only the file names) and use sed to replace it with your new address. Works with other search/replacement patterns too.
PDF files are simultaneously wonderful and heinous. They are wonderful in being ubiquitous and mostly being cross platform. They are heinous in being very difficult to work with from the command line, search, grep, use only the text inside the PDF, or use outside of proprietary products.
xpdf is a wonderful set of PDF tools. It is on many linux distros and can be installed on OS X. While primarily an open PDF viewer for X, xpdf has the tool "pdftotext" that can extract formated or unformatted text from inside a PDF that has text. This text stream can then be further processed by grep or other tool. The '-' after the file name directs output to stdout rather than to a text file the same name as the PDF.
Make sure you use version 3.02 of pdftotext or later; earlier versions clipped lines.
The lines extracted from a PDF without the "-layout" option are very long. More paragraphs. Use just to test that a pattern exists in the file. With "-layout" the output resembles the lines, but it is not perfect.
xpdf is available open source at http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/
Use find to recursively make a list of all files from the current directory and downwards. The files have to have an extension of the ones listed. Then for every file found, grep it for 'searchString', returns the filename if searchString is found.
Parallel does not suffer from the risk of mixing of output that xargs suffers from. -j+0 will run as many jobs in parallel as you have cores.
With parallel you only need -0 (and -print0) if your filenames contain a '\n'.
Parallel is from https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/parallel/
The difference between this and the other alternatives here using only grep is that find will, by default, not follow a symlink. In some cases, this is definitely desirable.
Using find also allows you to exclude certain files, eg
find directory/ ! -name "*.tmp" -exec grep -ni phrase {} +
would allow you to exclude any files .tmp files.
Also note that there's no need for calling grep recursively, as find passes each found file to grep.
This version makes uses of Bash shell expansion, so it might not work in all other shells.
shorter :p
This is a command that I find myself using all the time. It works like regular grep, but returns the paragraph containing the search pattern instead of just the line. It operates on files or standard input.
grepp <PATTERN> <FILE>
<SOMECOMMAND> | grepp <PATTERN>
Quick and easy way to find out which php.ini file is being used. Especially useful if you just need to find the location of the file for editing purposes.


text:
Cheap ski holidays in hundreds of ski resorts worldwide.
Nb: infants must be under the age of 2 and
children must be under the age of 12 at the time of
This chalet is a ski lover and Mèribel lover's delight! Found just above Mèribel's central square, with views from the chalet's balcony over the town to the mountains beyond. The stone and wood clad exterior architecture is carried into the chalet with wood beams in the spacious living area. The open and airy dining and lounge areas are made even more welcoming by the impressive stone fireplace.
With the Doran (a blue run) just 5 minutes walk away, piste access is easy. After a short run down guests are at La Chaudanne lift station. For evenings out, it is the same distance to Mèribel centre, and all the restaurants, bars and other attractions which it is justly famous for.
All bedrooms not only have stunning mountain views but also balconies from which to enjoy them. The chalet features ensuite bedrooms throughout. On the ground floor, guests have full use of the ski room, with it's heated boot rack - a welcome feature. The terrace hosts the perfect place for Après Ski relaxation: a hot tub!
Iglu acts as a travel agent for disclosed principals/tour operators, further details
of which will be made available at the time of booking. Your holiday contract will
be bound by the tour operators terms and conditions.
Prices are shown for a basic room or unit, can be subject to change and are indicative
until time of booking. Please call on 020 8544 7114 for prices for other travel
and room options for this property.
The price shown includes 7 nights accommodation,
with flights from Gatwick.
Prices shown are per person per week based on maximum occupancy. Descriptions and
quality ratings are provided by the Tour Operator (or one of the Tour Operators
where similar holidays are offered by more than one supplier). We reserve the right
to make minor adjustments to the description or rating based on staff and customer
feedback. For payments by credit card, a 2.5% credit card charge (4% for AMEX) will
be added to your invoice. If you pay by a UK issued debit card, there is no charge.
All bookings are subject to a £5 per person Passenger Admin Fee charged by Iglu.com.


text:
Chandeliers > Invite > P4695-20
- Category: Chandeliers
- Room Type: Dining Room Lighting, Sitting Room Lighting
- Finish: Antique Bronze
- Style: Traditional/Formal
- Family: Invite
- Description: Antique Bronze three-light Chandelier provides a welcoming silhouette in any home. Unique translucent sheer mylar shades encompass an inner glass globe.The rich, layering effect creates a dreamy look that is both elegant and modern. Offered as a complete collection, the Invite styling can be carried throughout your home or as a focal style in a special room.
- $233.75
Technical Details
- Width/Diameter: 22"
- Height: 19-3/4"
- Lamp Quantity: three
- Lamp Type: Medium Base
- Lamp Wattage (Max): 100
- Notes:


text:
We want you to be happy with your decision, so look for an email soon to Customize Your Experience!
Smiles will be contagious when your doctors, nurses, and medical staff show off these designs. Choose your product and add your own text and facility's logo—or make it completely custom!Minimum of 12 shirts, 50 tote bags, or 24 tumblers - same design.


text:
Call Us Toll-Free @ 866-539-4278866-539-4278
Cart (0)
Looking for map jigsaw puzzles? You've come to the right place. Our huge selection of map, geography and travel jigsaw puzzles can teach kids important educational knowledge. These map puzzles allow you to use your imagination and expand your mind learning geography at the same time. Here you'll find adult map puzzles and also puzzles for kids that come with pieces shaped like states and countries,to make learning fun!
Use the filters to the left or simply scroll down to begin viewing all pages.
Free shipping and flat rate offers for US only but excludes HI and AK.
Need to return or exchange a puzzle? It's easy. Simply call us at 866-539-4278 or email email@example.com to request a Return Authorization Number, and we will send you a prepaid return label for the item.
Please note:
Copyright © 2015, Puzzle Warehouse, All rights reserved. St. Louis Jigsaw Puzzles
Puzzle Warehouse recycles everything it can to save the environment and to keep costs and prices low.


text:
Interchange News
Core team changes
Posted on 13-Oct-2014 by Jon Jensen
Today the Interchange Development Group core team is pleased to announce three new members: Peter Mottram, Richard Templet, and Sam Batschelet. All three of them have been involved in the community fo...
Read more...
Perl::Dancer Conference 2014
Posted on 22-Aug-2014 by Jon Jensen
Building on the success of last year's Ecommerce Innovations conference, another conference is being held this year from October 6-9 at West Branch Resort in Hancock, New York. The focus has been broa...
Read more...
About Interchange
- Roadmap
- Online demo
- Hall of Fame (sites running Interchange)
- Supported platforms
- Interchange history
- Copyright & license
- Logos & badges
- Endorsements
- Contact
What Interchange users are saying:
"We have used Interchange since 1997 to run a very high traffic e-commerce site. Over the years interchange has become extremely stable and very fast. I would never consider using anything else. "
Tony Beaumont, DRS Inc.
Tony Beaumont, DRS Inc.
Users & Developers
- Downloads & source code
- Documentation
- Community resources (mailing lists etc.)
- Upgrade notes
- Professional support
- News
- Chronological list of releases
- Developers & contributors
- Issues, tracked on GitHub


text:
Mary June Oliver of Laurel Springs died Dec. 26, 2012, at Roanoke Memorial Hospital after a long battle with illness. She was 66.
She was born Jan. 5, 1946, to Nadene and the late Dave Oliver.
She is survived by her mother, Nadene, of Westwood Hills Nursing Home in Wilkesboro; two brothers and sisters-in-law Jerry and Sudie Oliver of Piney Creek, and Jimmy and Barbara Oliver of Bedford, Va.; three special niece, Tonya and Shaina Oliver, and Donna Carnley; two step-nieces: Tammy and Tavonna Maines; and one great nephew, Jack Carnley.
Funeral services were held at Ebenezer Community Church in Laurel Springs on Jan. 5, 2013 at 11 a.m. The ceremony was officiated by Lonnie Pruitt. Burial was in Ebenezer Cemetery.


text:
Out of Stock
Item # EFF0021
Don't worry though, we have a lot more CO2 Inflators in stock than that.View Similar Products
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- Ideal for both road and off-road applications
- Repairs punctures on tube-type, tubeless and tubular tires


text:
By varying the spacing between a partially-reflective, partially-transmissive surface and a highly reflective surface positioned behind the partially-reflective, partially-transmissive surface, an interferometric modulator selectively creates constructive and/or destructive interference between light waves reflecting off the two surfaces. The spacing can be varied by applying a voltage to create electrostatic attraction between the two surfaces, which causes one or both surfaces to deform and move closer together. In the absence of such attraction, the surfaces are in a relaxed position, where they are farther apart from one another. A actuation voltage is needed to create sufficient electrostatic attraction to cause a surface to deform. The actuation voltage can be modified by implanting ions in a dielectric layer attached to one or both surfaces. Upon the application of a voltage, the ions create a baseline level of repulsion or attraction between the two surfaces, which thus require more or less voltage, respectively, to cause a surface to deform. The degree of ion implantation can be chosen to set the actuation voltage as desired, or the surfaces can be made to deform at a given voltage by appropriately selecting the degree of ion implantation.
1. A micro electromechanical system, comprising:
a conductor layer;
a mechanical layer separated by a cavity from the conductor layer and configured to move relative to the conductor layer; and
a charged layer comprising an incorporated charged species, the charged layer disposed between the conductor layer and the mechanical layer, further comprising a plurality of interferometric light modulating devices, wherein some of the interferometric light modulating devices comprise the charged layer and other of the interferometric light modulating devices lack the charged layer.
2. The microelectromechanical system of
3. The microelectromechanical system of
4. The microelectromechanical system of
5. The microelectromechanical system of
6. The microelectromechanical system of
7. The microelectromechanical system of
8. The microelectromechanical system of
9. The microelectromechanical system of
a processor that is in electrical communication with the display, the processor being configured to process image data; and
a memory device in electrical communication with the processor.
10. The microelectromechanical system of
a driver circuit configured to send at least one signal to the display.
11. The microelectromechanical system of
a controller configured to send at least a portion of the image data to the driver circuit.
12. The microelectromechanical system of
an image source module configured to send the image data to the processor.
13. The microelectromechanical system of
14. The microelectromechanical system of
an input device configured to receive input data and to communicate the input data to the processor.
15. The microelectromechanical system of
16. A microelectromechanical system, comprising:
a plurality of interferometric modulators, each interferometric modulator comprising:
a conductor layer;
a mechanical layer separated by a cavity from the conductor layer and configured to move relative to the conductor layer; and
a charged layer comprising an incorporated charged species, the charged layer disposed between the conductor layer and the mechanical layer,
wherein at least some of the interferometric light modulating devices comprise different incorporated charged species than other of the interferometric light modulating devices.
17. The microelectromechanical system of
18. A microelectromechanical system, comprising:
a conductor layer;
a mechanical layer separated by a cavity from the conductor layer and configured to move relative to the conductor;
a charged layer comprising an incorporated charged species, the charged layer disposed between the conductor layer and the mechanical layer; and
an other charged layer spaced from the charged layer by the cavity, the other charged layer comprising additional incorporated charged species.
19. The microelectromechanical system of
20. The microelectromechanical system of
This application claims the priority benefit under 35 U.S.C. �119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/613,451, filed Sep. 27, 2004. This application is also related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/251,196, filed Sep. 20, 2002; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/090,911, filed Mar. 25, 2005.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and, more particularly, to devices and methods for selectively creating constructive and/or destructive interference of light waves.
2. Description of the Related Technology
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) include micro mechanical elements, actuators, and electronics. Micromechanical elements may be created using deposition, etching, and or other micromachining processes that etch away parts of substrates and/or deposited material layers or that add layers to form electrical and electromechanical devices. One type of MEMS device is called an interferometric modulator. As used herein, the term interferometric modulator or interferometric light modulator refers to a device that selectively absorbs and/or reflects light using the principles of optical interference. In certain embodiments, an interferometric modulator may comprise a pair of conductive plates, one or both of which may be transparent and/or reflective in whole or part and capable of relative motion upon application of an appropriate electrical signal. In a particular embodiment, one plate may comprise a stationary layer deposited on a substrate and the other plate may comprise a metallic membrane separated from the stationary layer by an air gap. As described herein in more detail, the position of one plate in relation to another can change the optical interference of light incident on the interferometric modulator. Such devices have a wide range of applications, and it would be beneficial in the art to utilize and/or modify the characteristics of these types of devices so that their features can be exploited in improving existing products and creating new products that have not yet been developed.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a microelectromechanical system is provided. The microelectromechanical system comprises a conductor layer, a mechanical layer and a charged layer. The mechanical layer is separated by a cavity from the conductor layer and is configured to move relative to the conductor layer. The charged layer comprises an incorporated charged species and is disposed between the conductor layer and the mechanical layer.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for modulating electromagnetic radiation. The method comprises providing a plurality of micromechanical devices. Each device comprises a conductor layer, a reflective layer and a charged layer between the conductor layer and the reflective layer. The charged layer has an incorporated charged species. The reflective layer is parallel to and spaced a distance from the conductor layer while in a relaxed state. The distance for some of the micromechanical devices is different from other of the micromechanical devices. The reflective layer is configured to move relative to the conductor layer upon being switched to an actuated state. A voltage is applied to the conductor layers and the reflective layers of the micromechanical devices to actuate the micromechanical devices.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the invention, a method is provided for fabricating a micromechanical device. The method comprises forming a first conductive layer, forming a dielectric layer over the first conductive layer, adding charge to the dielectric layer and forming a second conductive layer over the dielectric layer. In another aspect, the invention provides a micromechanical device formed by this method.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an interferometric modulator is provided. The modulator comprises a conductor layer, a movable layer and a means for modifying a voltage actuation threshold of the movable layer with charged species.
As discussed in greater detail below, interferometric modulators can be switched between a bright and a dark state by moving a reflective part (the "reflective layer") relative to a partly-transmissive and partly-reflective part (the "optical stack"), which is spaced from the reflective layer. The movement is actuated by creating electrostatic attraction between the two parts, which causes at least one of the parts to move relative to the other part. In an actuated position, one of the parts has a net positive charge, while the other part has a net negative charge, thereby causing the parts to be drawn close together. In a relaxed position, the net charge between the parts is not sufficient to overcome the mechanical resistance of the parts to movement, and the parts are spaced relatively far apart. The voltage needed to generate sufficient electrostatic attraction to draw the parts into the actuated position may be referred to as the actuation voltage.
According to some preferred embodiments, the actuation voltage can be altered by incorporating positively and/or negatively charged species, such as ions, into the reflective layer and/or the optical stack. The reflective layer and/or the optical stack are preferably provided with a dielectric layer, situated between the reflective layer and the optical stack, into which the charged species can be embedded. The charged species create a constant, baseline level of charge, which augment and/or cancel part of the electrostatic attraction that is generated when applying a voltage to the optical stack and the reflective layer. As a result, a higher or lower actuation voltage may be needed to generate the net level of electrostatic attraction necessary to, e.g., cause the reflective layer to move to an actuated position. For example, if the reflective layer and the optical stack are wired so as to have a positive and a negative charge, respectively, then the actuation voltage can be increased by implanting positively charged ions, which can repel the positively charged reflective layer. Conversely, the actuation voltage can be decreased by implanting negatively charged ions, which help to attract the positively charged reflective layer. Thus, the incorporation of the charged species can be used to alter the actuation voltage as desired.
It will also be appreciated that, as discussed further below, the interferometric modulators exhibit a hysteresis behavior in which they remain in a particular state over a range of applied voltages. This range of applied voltages is referred to as the "hysteresis window." For example, the interferometric modulator remains stable in the relaxed position until the applied voltage is increased to the actuation voltage, when it switches to the actuated position. The interferometric modulator then remains stable in the actuated state until the applied voltage drops below a certain voltage. Pre-charging, e.g., by ion implantation preferably leaves the hysteresis window substantially unchanged and shifts the window with the actuation voltage. Advantageously, this shifting allows the windows to be centered as desired, allowing for the simplification of driver and control systems, as discussed below.
The following detailed description is directed to certain specific embodiments of the invention. However, the invention can be embodied in a multitude of different ways. In this description, reference is made to the drawings wherein like parts are designated with like numerals throughout. As will be apparent from the following description, the embodiments may be implemented in any device that is configured to display an image, whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image), and whether textual or pictorial. More particularly, it is contemplated that the embodiments may be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices such as, but not limited to, mobile telephones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), hand-held or portable computers, GPS receivers/navigators, cameras, MP3 players, camcorders, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, computer monitors, auto displays (e.g., odometer display, etc.), cockpit controls and/or displays, display of camera views (e.g., display of a rear view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., display of images on a piece of jewelry). MEMS devices of similar structure to those described herein can also be used in non-display applications such as in electronic switching devices.
One interferometric modulator display embodiment comprising an interferometric MEMS display element is illustrated in
The depicted portion of the pixel array in
The optical stacks 16 a and 16 b (collectively referred to as optical stack 16), as referenced herein, typically comprise of several fused layers, which can include an electrode layer, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), a partially reflective layer, such as chromium, and a transparent dielectric. The optical stack 16 is thus electrically conductive, partially transparent and partially reflective, and may be fabricated, for example, by depositing one or more of the above layers onto a transparent substrate 20. In some embodiments, the layers are patterned into parallel strips, and may form row electrodes in a display device as described further below. The movable reflective layers 14 a, 14 b may be formed as a series of parallel strips of a deposited metal layer or layers (orthogonal to the row electrodes of 16 a, 16 b) deposited on top of posts 18 and an intervening sacrificial material deposited between the posts 18. When the sacrificial material is etched away, the movable reflective layers 14 a, 14 b are separated from the optical stacks 16 a, 16 b by a defined gap 19. A highly conductive and reflective material, such as aluminum, may be used for the reflective layers 14, and these strips may form column electrodes in a display device.
With no applied voltage, the cavity 19 remains between the movable reflective layer 14 a and optical stack 16 a, with the movable reflective layer 14 a in a mechanically relaxed state, as illustrated by the pixel 12 a in
In one embodiment, the processor 21 is also configured to communicate with an array driver 22. In one embodiment, the array driver 22 includes a row driver circuit 24 and a column driver circuit 26 that provide signals to a panel or display array (display) 30. The cross section of the array illustrated in
In typical applications, a display frame may be created by asserting the set of column electrodes in accordance with the desired set of actuated pixels in the first row. A row pulse is then applied to the row 1 electrode, actuating the pixels corresponding to the asserted column lines. The asserted set of column electrodes is then changed to correspond to the desired set of actuated pixels in the second row. A pulse is then applied to the row 2 electrode, actuating the appropriate pixels in row 2 in accordance with the asserted column electrodes. The row 1 pixels are unaffected by the row 2 pulse, and remain in the state they were set to during the row 1 pulse. This may be repeated for the entire series of rows in a sequential fashion to produce the frame. Generally, the frames are refreshed and/or updated with new display data by continually repeating this process at some desired number of frames per second. A wide variety of protocols for driving row and column electrodes of pixel arrays to produce display frames are also well known and may be used in conjunction with the present invention.
In the
The display device 40 includes a housing 41, a display 30, an antenna 43, a speaker 45, a microphone 46, and an input device 48. The housing 41 is generally formed from any of a variety of manufacturing processes as are well known to those of skill in the art, including injection molding, and vacuum forming. In addition, the housing 41 may be made from any of a variety of materials, including but not limited to plastic, metal, glass, rubber, and ceramic, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment the housing 41 includes removable portions (not shown) that may be interchanged with other removable portions of different color, or containing different logos, pictures, or symbols.
The display 30 of exemplary display device 40 may be any of a variety of displays, including a bi-stable display, as described herein. In other embodiments, the display 30 includes a flat-panel display, such as plasma, EL, OLED, STN LCD, or TFT LCD as described above, or a non-flat-panel display, such as a CRT or other tube device, as is well known to those of skill in the art. However, for purposes of describing the present embodiment, the display 30 includes an interferometric modulator display, as described herein.
The components of one embodiment of exemplary display device 40 are schematically illustrated in
The network interface 27 includes the antenna 43 and the transceiver 47 so that the exemplary display device 40 can communicate with one ore more devices over a network. In one embodiment the network interface 27 may also have some processing capabilities to relieve requirements of the processor 21. The antenna 43 is any antenna known to those of skill in the art for transmitting and receiving signals. In one embodiment, the antenna transmits and receives RF signals according to the IEEE 802.11 standard, including IEEE 802.11(a), (b), or (g). In another embodiment, the antenna transmits and receives RF signals according to the BLUETOOTH standard. In the case of a cellular telephone, the antenna is designed to receive CDMA, GSM, AMPS or other known signals that are used to communicate within a wireless cell phone network. The transceiver 47 pre-processes the signals received from the antenna 43 so that they may be received by and further manipulated by the processor 21. The transceiver 47 also processes signals received from the processor 21 so that they may be transmitted from the exemplary display device 40 via the antenna 43.
In an alternative embodiment, the transceiver 47 can be replaced by a receiver. In yet another alternative embodiment, network interface 27 can be replaced by an image source, which can store or generate image data to be sent to the processor 21. For example, the image source can be a digital video disc (DVD) or a hard-disc drive that contains image data, or a software module that generates image data.
The processor 21 generally controls the overall operation of the exemplary display device 40. The processor 21 receives data, such as compressed image data from the network interface 27 or an image source, and processes the data into raw image data or into a format that is readily processed into raw image data. The processor 21 then sends the processed data to the driver controller 29 or to frame buffer 28 for storage. Raw data typically refers to the information that identifies the image characteristics at each location within an image. For example, such image characteristics can include color, saturation, and gray-scale level.
In one embodiment, the processor 21 includes a microcontroller, CPU, or logic unit to control operation of the exemplary display device 40. Conditioning hardware 52 generally includes amplifiers and filters for transmitting signals to the speaker 45, and for receiving signals from the microphone 46. Conditioning hardware 52 may be discrete components within the exemplary display device 40, or may be incorporated within the processor 21 or other components.
The driver controller 29 takes the raw image data generated by the processor 21 either directly from the processor 21 or from the frame buffer 28 and reformats the raw image data appropriately for high speed transmission to the array driver 22. Specifically, the driver controller 29 reformats the raw image data into a data flow having a raster-like format, such that it has a time order suitable for scanning across the display array 30. Then the driver controller 29 sends the formatted information to the array driver 22. Although a driver controller 29, such as a LCD controller, is often associated with the system processor 21 as a stand-alone Integrated Circuit (IC), such controllers may be implemented in many ways. They may be embedded in the processor 21 as hardware, embedded in the processor 21 as software, or fully integrated in hardware with the array driver 22.
Typically, the array driver 22 receives the formatted information from the driver controller 29 and reformats the video data into a parallel set of waveforms that are applied many times per second to the hundreds and sometimes thousands of leads coming from the display's x-y matrix of pixels.
In one embodiment, the driver controller 29, array driver 22, and display array 30 are appropriate for any of the types of displays described herein. For example, in one embodiment, the driver controller 29 is a conventional display controller or a bi-stable display controller (e.g., an interferometric modulator controller). In another embodiment, the array driver 22 is a conventional driver or a bi-stable display driver (e.g., an interferometric modulator display). In one embodiment, the driver controller 29 is integrated with the array driver 22. Such an embodiment is common in highly integrated systems such as cellular phones, watches, and other small area displays. In yet another embodiment, the display array 30 is a typical display array or a bi-stable display array (e.g., a display including an array of interferometric modulators).
The input device 48 allows a user to control the operation of the exemplary display device 40. In one embodiment, input device 48 includes a keypad, such as a QWERTY keyboard or a telephone keypad, a button, a switch, a touch-sensitive screen, a pressure- or heat-sensitive membrane. In one embodiment, the microphone 46 is an input device for the exemplary display device 40. When the microphone 46 is used to input data to the device, voice commands may be provided by a user for controlling operations of the exemplary display device 40.
The power supply 50 can include a variety of energy storage devices as are well known in the art. For example, in one embodiment, the power supply 50 is a rechargeable battery, such as a nickel-cadmium battery or a lithium ion battery. In another embodiment, power supply 50 is a renewable energy source, a capacitor, or a solar cell, including a plastic solar cell, and solar-cell paint. In another embodiment, the power supply 50 is configured to receive power from a wall outlet.
In some implementations control programmability resides, as described above, in a driver controller which can be located in several places in the electronic display system. In some cases control programmability resides in the array driver 22. Those of skill in the art will recognize that the above-described optimization may be implemented in any number of hardware and/or software components and in various configurations.
The details of the structure of interferometric modulators that operate in accordance with the principles set forth above may vary widely. For example,
In embodiments such as those shown in
With reference to
Support posts 18 are provided to support the movable, reflective layer, or mechanical/mirror element, 14 a predetermined distance (in the relaxed mode) above the dielectric layer 102. The support posts 18 are preferably formed of a stable material with sufficient structural integrity to support the movable reflective layer 14. For example, the support posts 18 can be fabricated from an organic material, such as photoresist, or from spin-on glass. The movable layer 14 is preferably formed of a flexible, conductive and highly reflective material, for example, a metal such as aluminum, nickel, chromium or combinations or alloys thereof.
With continued reference to
It will be appreciated that the ions can be disposed in various other positions in the interferometric modulator 12. To prevent the dissipation of charge from the ions, the ions are preferably embedded within a non-conducting material, such as a dielectric, or are surrounded by or embedded within in a material surrounded by an insulator.
With reference to
Along with changes in the actuation voltage, the introduction of charged ions between the movable layer 14 and the fixed layer 16 can shift the optical response curves of the modulators 12. For example, the optical response curves of
It will be appreciated that interferometric modulators can be formed with a hysteresis curve centered away from the zero voltage line. For example, the inteferometric modulators can be formed having a particular level of charge between the layers 14 and 16, even without ion implantation. For example, structural defects or structural modifications in the dielectric layer 102 can result in such a charge. As a result of this charge, the hysteresis window for these interferometric modulators may not be centered relative to the zero voltage line. Moreover, different interferometric modulators may exhibit a different level of charge. The charges and the different levels of charges may adversely affect the behavior of the interferometric modulators by reducing predictability and control over the actuation and release of the movable layers of the interferometric modulators. Advantageously, depending upon the charge already present, ion implantation can allow the hysteresis behavior of the interferometric modulators to be re-centered about the zero voltage line by, e.g., neutralizing the already present charge. As a result, predictability and control over the actuation and release of the movable layers of the interferometric modulators can be increased.
While discussed above with reference to incorporated charged species in the dielectric layer 102, it will be appreciated that similar affects can be achieved by incorporation of charged species in the layer 106 (when present, as illustrated in
Moreover, both the layers 102 and 106 can be provided in an interferometric modulator and each can be incorporated with charged species. For example, with the movable layer 14 and the fixed layer 16 again configured to be positively and negatively charged, respectively, an effect similar to that illustrated in
It will be appreciated that the effect of the incorporation of the charged species can be reversed by reversing the polarities of the layers 102 and 106. For example, if a certain arrangement of charged species shifts the hysteresis curves to the left when the movable layer 14 and the fixed layer 16 are connected to a voltage source to generate positive and negative charges, respectively, in those layers, the same arrangement of charged species will shift the hysteresis curves to the right if the voltage source is connected to the layers 102 and 106 in reverse, i.e., so that the polarities in those layers is reversed.
With reference to
Such a situation is illustrated in
For example, in the arrangement shown in
With reference to
While various process steps are illustrated as separate blocks in
With continued reference to
With reference to
It will be appreciated that the ion implantation can disrupt the structure of the dielectric. As a result, the ion implantation can be followed by an anneal to reorient the dielectric structure, to improve the optical characteristics of the implanted dielectric and to more evenly distribute the ions within the dielectric.
It will be appreciated that, in some embodiments, no photoresist is needed and the step 407 can be omitted if all interferometric modulators 12 are to be uniformly implanted with the same ion or ions. In other embodiments, the patterned photoresist allows interferometric modulators 12 to be selectively implanted with ions, thereby allowing different ions to be implanted or different levels of implantation to be achieved. It will be appreciated that multiple photoresist depositions and/or patterning steps can be used to selectively implant a plurality of different ions or to selectively implant different quantities of ions. For example, the photoresist can be deposited and patterned to implant ions in some particular interferometric modulators 12, additional photoresist can be deposited and patterned to implant ions in other interferometric modulators 12, and so on. After the ion implantation, the photoresist is preferably removed.
Moreover, the charge incorporation can occur at a later step than that illustrated. For example, the ion implantation can be performed after deposition 410 of a non-metal sacrificial layer (e.g., silicon), discussed below, and preferably before the formation of additional metal layers.
In step 410, a sacrificial layer (which will later be removed to form the optical cavity of the interferometric modulator 12) is deposited. The sacrificial layer is formed of a solid material that can later be removed, e.g., by etching, without disrupting the other materials of the interferometric modulator 12. An example of a preferred material for the sacrificial layer is molybdenum. Other suitable sacrificial materials include silicon and tungsten, which advantageously can also be selectively or preferentially removed using XeF2 without etching aluminum or silicon oxide. The sacrificial layer is patterned and etched 412 to provide voids into which materials to form the support posts 18 will be deposited. In step 414, the post material is deposited, thereby forming the support posts 18. The post material can be, e.g., photoresist or some other organic compound or spin on glass. In step 416, a mechanical/mirror film is deposited. As noted above, the film can be made of, e.g., aluminum or other flexible metals. In step 418, the mechanical film is patterned and etched to form the mechanical/mirror layer 14. The sacrificial layer is then removed 420.
Interferometric modulators according to the preferred embodiments offer numerous advantages. For example, charge incorporation allows the actuation voltage and/or hysteresis curve for a particular interferometric modulator to be shifted as desired. As a result, it is possible to reduce the voltages required to drive the interferometric modulators, thereby lowering the power requirements and power consumption of displayers utilizing the interferometric modulators. In addition, hysteresis curves can be shifted by charge incorporation to center the curves about the zero voltage line. This can be achieved, for example, by neutralizing charges that may form in the dielectric layer of between the conductive layers of the interferometric modulators. Centering the hysteresis curves can make control over the states of the interferometric modulators more predictable, e.g., by setting the actuation voltages at expected values. Moreover, in cases in which multiple interferometric modulators, each naturally having a different actuation voltage and shifted hysteresis curves, are present, some or all of the interferometric modulators can be doped so that the hysteresis curves substantially overlap. As a result, the actuation voltages and the release voltages of each of the interferometric modulators overlap, thereby reducing the number of different voltages that is generated to control the interferometric modulators. Thus, the driver and control systems can be simplified.
While the charged species are discussed above as "implanted ions," it will be appreciated that the charged species can be any charged species incorporated in a material disposed between the movable conductive layer and the fixed conductive layer. In other embodiments, the charged species can simply be deposited on a dielectric substrate and preferably has a charge as deposited. The dielectric layer, while preferably disposed on a conductive layer for simplicity of fabrication and structure, can be spaced from the conductive layers. Moreover, while discussed as having one movable and one fixed conductive layer for ease of description and illustration, in some embodiments, the positions of the movable and fixed layers can be reversed from that illustrated, or both layers can be made to move.
Accordingly, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various other omissions, additions and modifications may be made to the methods and structures described above without departing from the scope of the invention. All such modifications and changes are intended to fall within the scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Trish Lindström
Fourth season: Alice in Alice Through the Looking-Glass and featured in A Midsummer Night's Dream: A Chamber Play. Stratford: The Tempest (Miranda), The Two Gentlemen of Verona (Lucetta), Cabaret (Sally Bowles), The Trojan Women, The Miracle Worker (Helen Keller), The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie. Elsewhere: A Misfortune (Next Stage); The Mousetrap (Theatre Aquarius); Bloodless (Theatre 20 – Founding Artist); The Game of Love and Chance (Canadian Stage); In the Next Room (Tarragon/MTC); Exit the King, A Midsummer Night's Dream (Soulpepper); Assassins (Birdland/TIFT) – Dora nomination; Mimi (Tarragon) – Dora nomination; The Cassilis Engagement, Hotel Peccadillo, The Crucible, Gypsy, Something On the Side, Nothing Sacred, The Tinker's Wedding, Happy End, The Plough and the Stars (Shaw Festival); Love's Labour's Lost (NAC); The Greatest Gift (TIFT); Dancing in Poppies (Grand); Mary's Wedding (Ship's Company); Pippi Longstocking (MTYP); Emily (Charlottetown). Film/TV: Jack in the Box (One Plus One); Murdoch Mysteries (CBC). Training: National Theatre School of Canada. Et cetera: Trish is a certified yoga teacher, a photographer (www.trishlindstrom.org) and a human.


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Browse Archives By:Date Alphabetical
Mar 11 2008
* This is Not a Paid Advertisement
While I do have some mainstream, legitimate advertising on this site to help cover the cost of hosting fees and contest prizes, there is a small handful of companies and organizations that should advertise on this site that don't. Land-o'-Lakes, for one. The butter usage of my [...]
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Jun 26 2009
Beautiful Girl
What a week it's been. So much going on around the ranch. So much going on around our house. So much going on around the world. I wouldn't even know how to begin to discuss all the events. All the news. All the issues. Up-to-the-minute news and analysis? [...]
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Feb 27 2007
Dragging Calves to the Fire
We worked calves all last week. Generally speaking, there are two ways of working calves: one method involves moving the calves through a mechanical chute, which immobilizes them long enough for them to be immunized, castrated, if necessary, branded, and examined. The other [...]
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Mar 31 2008
Excuses, Excuses.
I can't be held responsible for my actions… Hey, I don't look at 'em, I just report 'em… I'm just here to share the art… Forgive me, for I know not what I do… Forgive me, Father, for I have sinned… I'm just keepin' it [...]
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Jul 19 2010
It's Like Iron Chef
PBR stands for Professional Bull Riding. Friday night, I attended a PBR event with the following humans: Marlboro Man Our two boys My Pesky Brother-in-law Tim His boy Missy, Tim's wife I think that's it, but I've been known to forget how many kids are with me. They [...]
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Oct 26 2009
My Crutch
It's what I do when I'm nervous. I look at photos like this. It's a crutch. On another note, I have some things to say this morning. Please, for my sake, bear with me. 1. We're weaning 200 calves this morning. That just leaves 2,700 calves left to wean this [...]
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Aug 12 2009
The Price of Reading This Website
1. This photo was rejected from my cookbook. Can you believe that? Those snobby big city editors wielded their red pens like daggers, slicing this beautiful masterpiece from the cookbook and leaving me dangling in the smoldering aftermath with no explanation whatsoever. And okay, [...]
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McFarlane Toys and spawn.com arrived in Atlantic City, NJ, for the National Sports Collectors' Convention to meet their fans and show off some upcoming figures from this fall's lineup.
The four-day event kicked off Thursday, July 24th and featured the debut of two Sports Picks figures exclusive to the event -- New York Giants running back Tiki Barber and New Jersey Nets power forward Kenyon Martin. The line to purchase these exclusive figures bent six times and some fans waited more than two hours to get to the register. The figures sold briskly throughout the weekend and the last Tiki Barber was sold at noon on Sunday, with the final Kenyon Martin following two hours later.
During the event, fans were able to view several interesting items at the McFarlane Toys booth. The wall behind the employees furiously bagging the exclusive figures featured toys from all four Sports Picks lines, in addition to Spawn Series 23, the Soul Calibur II figures, four Terminator 3 toys, and the entire Series One from The Matrix. Under a glass display case, fans were able to view 20 "two-up" prototype sculpts -- the original artists' work that the 6-inch figures are created from. On top of the display case, fans got a look at six NASCAR drivers from our upcoming series -- including Dale Earnhardt Jr., Rusty Wallace, Tony Stewart, Jeff Gordon and two different figures of Dale Earnhardt Sr.
Fans seemed most impressed with the prototypes for our upcoming 12-inch NFL line. Michael Vick and Ricky Williams figures were on top of the main display case and people stared, took pictures and picked them up all weekend long. If the Atlantic City response is any indicator, the 12-inch NFL figures should be a big hit in stores this October.
The convention was a lot of fun and a big success for McFarlane Toys. We look forward to returning to the National Sports Collectors' Convention next summer in Cleveland.
Thanks to "Owens#81" for the event photos.


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Article ID: 294933 - View products that this article applies to.
This article was previously published under Q294933
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This step-by-step article describes how to use the Microsoft Office Application Recovery tool. This tool provides you with a way to potentially recover data from an Office program that stops responding (hangs). If an Office program stops responding during your work session, you are no longer forced to terminate the program in Windows Task Manager and therefore lose any unsaved data.
How to Use the Microsoft Office Application Recovery ToolWhen an Office program stops responding, you can start the Application Recovery tool.
To do this, click Start, point to Programs, point to Microsoft Office Tools, and then click Microsoft Office Application Recovery.
When the Office Application Recovery tool starts, the Microsoft Office Application Recovery dialog box displays a list of the Office programs that are currently running. Along with the name of the program is its current status, as reported by Task Manager.
Note Only one instance of a program is listed, even if multiple instances of it are running.
The Microsoft Office Application Recovery dialog box also contains the following three buttons. These buttons are explained in this article:
The Recover Application ButtonWhen you click Recover Application, this action essentially forces the selected Office program to fail and then restart. By failing, the program's recovery features can begin to recover any unsaved data. After these recovery procedures are complete, the Application Error Reporting tool gives you the opportunity to report the problem. When the Application Error Reporting tool starts, you receive the following error message, where program is an Office program:
Microsoft Program has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience.
The information you were working on might be lost. Microsoft Program can try to recover it for you.
Please tell Microsoft about this problem.
The End Application ButtonWhen you click End Application, this action forces the selected program to fail without performing any recovery procedures. Control is given to the Application Error Reporting tool, which gives you the opportunity to report the problem.
The Cancel ButtonWhen you click Cancel, this action closes the Microsoft Office Application Recovery dialog box, and no action is taken with the program that is not responding. The Application Error Reporting dialog box is not displayed.
For additional information about how to read Office Application Error Reporting signatures, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
289508For additional information about Office Application Recovery, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/289508/ )How to view error signatures if an Office program experiences a serious error and quits
(https://support.microsoft.com/kb/292502/ )OFFXP: Earlier versions of Office programs are listed in Microsoft Office Application Recovery utility
Article ID: 294933 - Last Review: July 27, 2006 - Revision: 5.3
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The Speech Analysis tool in Adobe Premiere Pro and Prelude allows you to examine the audio of a video file for an automatic transcription. However, the tool only transcribes the audio of the language that was originally installed.
Additional language packs are available for download. They allow Adobe Premiere Pro and Prelude to transcribe a greater variety of languages. You can see the available languages in the Speech section of Analyze Content dialog box. Uninstalled packs are listed, but are dimmed and can't be selected.
Previous versions of Adobe Premiere Pro and Prelude had these language packs available for download on www.adobe.com. However, Adobe Premiere Pro CC and Prelude CC use a different workflow, so it's easier to install speech libraries.


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Find out who represents you in the Maryland General Assembly and the U.S. Congress.
Comprehensive language portal with more than 2,500 dictionaries, including over 300 languages.


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IK Multimedia was founded when two engineers wanted to see if they could create the classic sound of analog gear with modern digital technology. Simply put, they could, and they've been blazing trails all over the industry ever since. From instruments to effect pedals to monitors and accessories, IK Multimedia has blown the door off of what your gear can do for your sound.
With such a diverse selection of products, it helps to start by thinking about your own specific needs as a musician. If you are here for that distinct analog sound, start your search with any of IK Multimedia's software downloads. From full packages to specific instrument add-ons, these convenient programs were designed to help you explore, compose and mix you music like nothing else out there. If you're looking for sounds, instruments and effects then you need to check out the Workstation XL. With an absolutely massive 19,000+ sound library and a huge effects section, this bundle combines 5 critically acclaimed workstations so you will always have what you're looking for. Read More >


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Airzone 38" Mini Band Trampoline
|Members of The League get 5% back when you spend $100! (see promotion details)
Product Details
The Airzone® 38" mini band trampoline allows your little one to stay fit while having fun! Its safe, user-friendly design is built without springs to ensure there are no sharp ends. The trampoline features a durable polypropylene jumping mat and a rust-resistant, power-coated frame that's strong enough to endure endless hours of play.
- 38" miniature trampoline
- User-friendly design
- No springs means no sharp ends
- Polypropylene jumping mat
- Rust-resistant, powder-coated frame
- Enclosure sold separately


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Built for Fast Data Center Applications
The Seagate® 1200 SSD is designed for applications demanding the highest levels of fast, consistent performance and dual port 12Gb/s SAS. This drive is designed to meet stringent, persistent storage needs and features a Seagate-developed controller that is tightly integrated with Samsung's industry-leading NAND management technology.
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12Gb/s SAS solid state drives.
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This drive accommodates data growth by enabling easy infrastructure scalability. With many drive slots available, multiple storage devices can be added to a single enclosure. High signal integrity (low noise) makes it safer to use longer cables to attach multiple components.
- 12Gb/s SAS (backwards compatible with 3Gb/s and 6Gb/s SAS)
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- Scalability— SAS supports more than 65K drive slots (via expanders) unlike SATA which only supports up to 8 slots, or PCIe which supports up to 16 slots
- Advanced SAS error-control capability enables more robust drive-level error correction to help ensure the integrity of data during the storage process
Robust Enterprise Feature Set
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- Expert media management techniques help to prevent premature wear in heavy write applications, preventing downtime and costs associated with premature failures
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Enterprise SAS SSD Built To:
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