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Sunday, April 20, 2014 - Monday, December 1, 2014
9:00 am - 5:00 pm
This event occurs every week on the following day(s): Sunday
Let us help you on the road to better health. Come by for a free health screening (diabetes, cholesterol, blood pressure, etc). Don't wait for symptoms-take control of your health today! Give us a call for complete info.
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We take pride in teaching the game of lacrosse the right way. Our overnight camps focus on the development of fundamentally sound players at every level. The Princeton University Boys Lacrosse Camp will have an exceptional staff committed to providing top notch individual and team concept instruction. Wall ball and shooting workouts will be provided. Day Campers are welcome.
Individual Fee: $75.00
The Princeton Team Camp is open for individual player registration to one of the tournament's Open Prospect Teams. Players registering as individuals must be graduating high school in 2018 or 2019 and will be split into squads of 20-22 players based on position. Additionally, these teams will each be coached by Princeton University coaches and/or players and all team members will receive a reversible jersey.
**Camp dorms do not have air conditioning. We recommend you bring a fan with you to camp.**
Princeton University reserves the right to cancel, postpone or reschedule any camp or clinic because of low enrollment or other unforeseen circumstances. In the unfortunate case a camp or clinic is canceled, Princeton University will issue a full refund of the fees paid. Princeton University cannot be held responsible for any related costs, charges or expenses, including but not limited to; cancellation/change fees assessed by airlines, hotels, car services or travel agencies.


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News Detail
Porthouse Theatre Announces its 2013 Summer SeasonPosted Jan. 17, 2013
Porthouse Theatre, Kent State's outdoor, summer theatre, located on the grounds of Blossom Music Center, announces its 2013 season of musicals. The professional theatre will present South Pacific, Working and Fiddler on the Roof.
South Pacific, the first production, directed by artistic director Terri Kent, is a Broadway musical set on a tropical island during World War II, which tells the sweeping romantic story of two couples and how their happiness is threatened by the realities of the war and by their own prejudices. The beloved score's songs include "Some Enchanted Evening," "I'm Gonna Wash That Man Right Outa My Hair," "This Nearly Was Mine" and "There is Nothin' Like a Dame." Music is by Richard Rodgers, Lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II, Book by Oscar Hammerstein II and Joshua Logan. This musical, based on James Michener's Pulitzer Prize-winning book Tales of the South Pacific, runs June13, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 at 8 p.m. and June 16 and 23 at 2 p.m.
The second production is Working, based on the book by Studs Terkel and adapted by Stephen Schwartz and Nina Faso. This new 2010 version of Working is a musical exploration of 26 people from all walks of life. While most of the professions have been updated, the strength of the show is in the core truths that transcend specific professions; the key is how people's relationships to their work ultimately reveal key aspects of their humanity, regardless of the trappings of the job itself. Directed by Jim Weaver, Working runs July 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 at 8 p.m. and July 7 and 14 at 2 p.m.
The season closes with Fiddler on the Roof, directed by associate artistic director for Porthouse Theatre Eric van Baars. Rich in historical and ethnic detail, Fiddler on the Roof has touched audiences around the world with its humor, warmth and honesty. The universal theme of tradition cuts across barriers of race, class, nationality and religion, leaving audiences crying tears of laughter, joy and sadness. With book by Joseph Stein, music by Jerry Bock and lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, Fiddler on the Roof is based on Sholem Aleichem's stories by special permission of Arnold Perl. The show will run July 25, 26, 27, 30, 31 at 8 p.m., Aug. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9,10, at 8 p.m. and July 28 and Aug. 4, 10, 11 at 2 p.m.
Subscriptions and ticket packages are currently on sale and available by calling 330-672-3884 or sending an email to firstname.lastname@example.com. (Porthouse 2013 Brochure)
Note: Gold Center tickets refer to the best seats, senior pricing applies to individuals age 60+ and student pricing applies to those 18 and under or with valid college ID.
Flex Tix subscriptions, which allow guests to select one ticket per show for any performance to fit any schedule, are $90; Gift Flex Tix gift cards are $93.
Thursday Preview Performance Series prices are as follows: Gold Center $60, Left and Right Center $54. Opening Night performances (includes a free reception): Gold Center $90, adults and seniors $81, students $54. Saturday Weekend Series (choose one of three sets of Saturday show dates): Gold Center $84, adults $75, seniors $72 and students $48.
Sunday Weekend Series (choose one of two sets of Sunday show dates): Gold Center $75, adults $66, seniors $57, and students $45. Weekday Series (choose one of two sets of show dates on either Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday or Friday): Gold Center $78, adults $69, seniors $57 and students $45.
Special rates for groups of 20 or more are available, as are student rates. Single tickets, ranging from $32 - $38 for adults and seniors and $17 - $21 for students, will go on sale after May 21, 2013.
For more information, call 330-672-3884 or visit www.porthousetheatre.com.
For more information contact:
Effie A. Tsengas, email@example.com, 330-672-8398


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The master bath was reconfigured into a large open space with two pedestal sinks and soaking tub on old style black and white tiles.
The Shellys' kitchen was relocated and expanded into the living space to create an open feel and more granite counter space than you'd ever need. An entertaining gourmet's dream.
The molded wood fireplace mantle adds great warmth to the large and open living space. A great spot to relax with a good book any day of the week.
Yet another sitting/dining area of the family room.
A corner of the main living space overlooking the patio and pool.
BELOW: The Shellys' living area is truly a great room as it encompasses the kitchen, living and several sitting areas and is filled with color.
Mike and Brenda Shellys' home has a room for every occasion.
LEFT: When the couple first saw the beautiful curved staircase, they knew the home was meant for them.
The Shellys' formal living exudes transitional and cozy style.


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Where can I get an AK47 223 AR15 mag adapter? Wasnt someone here making some really good ones awhile back? Thanks. (Dont worry, its not for my Norinco 84S!)
Where can I get an AK47 223 AR15 mag adapter? Wasnt someone here making some really good ones awhile back? Thanks. (Dont worry, its not for my Norinco 84S!)
Clan MacPherson
President Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camacho
renagade buck was and there was some body out it in texas that took forever to deliver.
i put on on a 223 ak. it ain't no cake-walk less your building from the ground up.
all kinds of shit has to be trimmed back , things that can break while shooting. if your building from the ground up with the ar mag well then you can work around these problems.
had i known how involved these ar i probably would have headed everyones advice and skipped the conversion.
I just posted on this in that thread, if your trunnion will except a wieger mag then this unit is good to go , if it excepts narrow mags like a norinco or polish beryl mags you will need to modify the trunnion under the bullet guide, using a ar-15 mags as guide for how much to mill out
Sprat and sprat1 are one and the same.
Thanks,guys. I got in touch with renegadebuck.
Clan MacPherson
President Dwayne Elizondo Mountain Dew Herbert Camacho
Magnolia ?? some thing makes one as odes the texas out fit .
one has a bolt hold built in or some thing . I just was looking at this stuff two days ago. I know that some trunion fitting can be expected .
I was trying to figure out what Krebs had on his Grendel .
it does run fine --but it is more for the virgin build thing than a conversion.
had i used that block to build on a kit i think it would have went much smoother with less cutting on things that might go --snap-crackle-pop on the range. --LOL!
Yeah that's the other one, guy changed the name to Texas (something) because of his poor business running, they do seem nice but don't buy direct, get it through another company if anyone wants oneMagnolia ??
"Government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem" Ronald Reagan
al gore is full of carbon enriched shit
There is another adapter for Saiga's which is permanently attached. It also has LRBHO. I forget the name, but it can be found on AR15.com. The rifle is shipped and the vendor mods the trunnion and attaches the adapter. The vendor mentions that, unlike some other adapters, less has to be removed from the trunion (adapter is located farther back). The basic adapter and machining is around $300.
Texas AK designs makes an adapter and a new, more permanent adapter with LRBHO. The vendor, vendor's website, and literature recommends a gunsmith (not just a machine shop) perform any machining.
Having a turn-key job at a single site makes the permanent adapter look appealing, especially if the gun returns fully function tested.
That's it, Magnolia State Armory (MSA) is the one that switched to Texas AK Designs.
That's a good idea, let us know how it works outi am going to opt for trimming the adapter more and the trunnion less
"Government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem" Ronald Reagan


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Hypothyroidism. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:
. Updated November 19, 2012. Accessed November 20, 2012.
Hypothyroidism. National Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service website. Available at:
. Updated February 27, 2012. Accessed November 20, 2012.
Roberts CG, Ladenson RW. Hypothyroidism.
. 2004;363:793-803.
Trumbo PR. Perchlorate consumption, iodine status, and thyroid function.
Nutr Rev
. 2010; 68(1):62-66.
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Sat., Dec. 19^
vs. Milwaukee Admirals#
Allstate Arena
7 p.m.
*Comcast Network 100
#Amtrak Rivalry
All GAMES WILL BE TELECAST LIVE ON MY50 CHICAGO OR COMCAST CABLE
Log on to chicagowolves.com for broadcast schedule, or to watch or listen to the action live online
The Wolves have potted 19 goals in their last five games, which includes a season-high six road markers on Dec. 12, after scoring 11 tallies in their previous five contests; Chicago is averaging 2.82 goals-per-game this season, which ranks 11th in the AHL.
--- Brett Sterling: Registered five points (4G, A) in three games this week, which includes his first multiple-goal outing of the season on Sunday ... Paces the Wolves and shares first in the AHL with 15 goals in 24 games this season ... Holds second on the team and shares 12th in the league with 25 points ... His four game-winning goals pace the Wolves and share second in the league
--- Jason Krog: Notched four points (G, 3A) in three games this week to extend his point streak to five games, which matches a team season-high; he has collected six points (G, 5A) during that span ... Paces the Wolves and shares first in the AHL with 24 assists and ranks first on the team and shares fifth in the league with 29 points in 26 games this year
--- Nathan Oystrick: Registered four points (G, 3A) in three games this week, which includes his first multiple-point outing of the season on Saturday ... Ranks second among team defensemen and shares ninth on the Wolves with seven points (2G, 5A) and holds second on the squad with 50 penalty minutes in 18 games this season ... Tallied five points (G, 4A) during a current four-game point streak, which is a season-high
--- Kevin Doell: Recorded four points (3G, A) in three games this week, which includes matching a career-high three points (2G, A) on Saturday ... Ranks seventh on the Wolves with nine points (4G, 5A) and has accrued 22 penalty minutes in 27 games this season
--- Defenseman Chris Chelios netted his third goal of the season on Saturday, his second tally in the last four games; he paces Wolves defensemen and shares fifth on the team with eight assists, and ranks sixth on the team with 11 points in 19 contests; he ranks second on the squad with a +9 plus/minus rating.
--- Chicago saw its season-high six-game power-play streak snapped on Sunday, the team posted a 32.1 rating on the man-advantage during that span (nine of 28); the Wolves rank 14th in the league with a 16.0 rating on the power-play (19 of 119).
--- Nathan Oystrick's short-handed tally on Saturday was the team's seventh of the season and first since Nov. 13, a span of 13 games; Chicago's seven shorties share second in the AHL.
--- The Wolves thwarted four of Lake Erie's six man-advantage opportunities on Sunday, the first time this season they have allowed multiple power-play goals in a game; Chicago ranks fifth in the league with an 88.5 efficiency rating on the penalty kill (108 of 122).
--- Chicago held Lake Erie to two markers on Saturday, the 13th time this season the team has held its foes to two or fewer goals (10-2-0-1).
--- Wolves forward Riley Holzapfel will visit the Naperville Library, 200 W. Jefferson Ave., on Wed., Dec. 16, at 4 p.m., and the Winfield Library, 0S291 Winfield Rd, at 6:30 p.m., as part of the team's "Read to Succeed" program, presented by Vista Health System and Pace. Members of the squad will make more than 30 library visits throughout the Chicago area this season for the program, which has reached more than 500,000 children since its inception in 1995.
Sun., Dec. 13
(at) Lake Erie 7, Chicago 3
--- The Wolves pulled to within one early in the third period, but the rally was stifled just 0:38 later, as they surrendered three straight goals on the way to a 7-3 loss to the Lake Erie Monsters at Quicken Loans Arena
--- Left wings Brett Sterling (2G) and Andrew Kozek scored for Chicago
--- Goaltender Drew MacIntyre turned aside 35 shots
Sat., Dec. 12
Chicago 6, (at) Lake Erie 2
--- The Wolves fell behind 1-0 but rattled off six consecutive goals to capture a 6-2 win over the Lake Erie Monsters at Quicken Loans Arena
--- Forwards Kevin Doell (2G) and Brett Sterling and defensemen Chris Chelios, Nathan Oystrick and Paul Postma tickled the twine for Chicago
--- Goaltender Drew MacIntyre posted 30 saves
Fri., Dec. 11
(at) Toronto 5, Chicago 4 (SO)
--- The Wolves came back to tie the game in the third period, but fell, 5-4, to the Toronto Marlies in a 10-round shootout at Ricoh Coliseum
--- Forwards Kevin Doell, Brett Sterling, Jason Krog and Anthony Stewart dented the net for Chicago
--- Goaltender Drew MacIntyre stopped 33 shots in regulation and overtime, and seven attempts in the shootout


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The First One and Two-Way Sync Capability for Small and Medium Businesses
Today ShareFile announces the launch of ShareFile Sync, a new business-centric synchronization tool that will give businesses the ability to continuously synchronize files and folders across users' specific folder workflow using their ShareFile Account. The new feature will also include one-way sync capability to address scenarios where greater customization is required to protect important shared files and folders. This is the latest feature enhancement to ShareFile's existing secure file transfer and virtual data room platforms that enable companies to exchange and store large and/or confidential business files.
Key Facts
Jesse Lipson, Chief Executive Officer, ShareFile:
"We are very excited to offer ShareFile Sync, providing continuous synchronization for our SMB customers. Our tool is more powerful than some other file synchronization tools because it is business-focused and can therefore handle complex file sharing needs and business cases. With ShareFile Sync we're giving businesses the power to setup granular folder relationships based on their needs, as well as the ability to choose to synchronize their folders one-way or two-way so they can protect certain files or folders."
Citrix and ShareFile are trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. or a subsidiary thereof, registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.


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Cleveland Browns is the team that keeps on givingWritten by Matt 'Shaggy' Culbreath | | email@example.com
Economists have a term they use to describe money that's already been spent towards achieving a particular goal: "sunk costs," It's usually used when deciding whether they want to continue to build toward that goal or abandon it, in those cases where the goal is not going to be achievable or profitable, and continuing to spend more money is wasteful. Colloquially, you could call it "throwing good money after bad," or even "deciding to fish or cut bait."
That assessment normally takes place some chunk of time after the beginning of any given project. A year … 6 months. Well, one organization decided to bail on its plan a mere two weeks in.
That would be the Cleveland Browns.
Only two weeks into the regular season, the Browns have thrown up the white flag by trading Trent Richardson, the only decent player on the team, to the Indianapolis Colts for a first-round draft pick in 2014. This came hours after they announced that not only will their starting quarterback Brandon Weeden miss this week's game against Minnesota with a sprained thumb, but that he'll be replaced by Brian Hoyer under center. Hoyer leapfrogs Jason Campbell, who entered the season as the backup.
Fans, as you can imagine, are apoplectic. I don't think anyone expected the team to compete, to be honest, but all of the new faces in the organization, from head coach Rob Chudzinski to CEO Joe Banner, talked a lot in the preseason about how the team was going to show renewed effort.
Instead, they've seen two games of lifeless football, and a front office that just threw its arms up. Might as well take that season ticket package and flush it, because you'll get more entertainment out of that then actually using the tickets for their intended purpose.
Let's be honest, though — this Browns team wasn't going anywhere even with Richardson in the lineup, and in the new NFL, star running backs aren't as high of a commodity as they once were. Just look at the Minnesota Vikings: they have one of the premier rushers in the league in Adrian Peterson, but they're oh-fer coming into Sunday's game against Cleveland. Meanwhile in Detroit, you have a renewed offense that can use the pass more effectively because defenses have to look out for Reggie Bush. The ground game sets up the pass game, but the pass game brings the wins. Richardson did a lot of good things, but when you have Weeden passing to, what, Greg Little?
Nobody's respecting that.
Now, turn Brandon Weeden and Greg Little into Teddy Bridgewater and Mike Evans … and with two first-round picks, the Browns can do just that.
If you want to see what "throwing good money after bad" can do to a team, you can look to the Meadowlands and see what a sack of failure the Jets have become. That is an organization that needs wholesale changes: coach, QB, defense … everything. But nobody wants to make the tough move. At least, not yet.
The Browns have made changes at the top of the team, but now it's time to dig through the roster and weed out the problems there. They correctly recognize that previous management mishandled drafts and free agent signings, putting less-than-stellar teams on the field. They're not tone-deaf, either — they're fully aware that this move takes the lone bright spot off the team.
But just as the reality show contestant says, "I'm not here to make friends," the brain trust in Cleveland isn't here to play nice, or scrape together five wins just for giggles; they're here to build long-term success. Trading away Richardson hurts now, but it'll pay dividends down the road.
And if Cleveland is that upset, they can go support the winning team in town: the Indians. I hear there are tickets available.
Matt "Shaggy" Culbreath is sports director for 1370 WSPD.
Tags: 1370 WSPD, Adrian Peterson, Brandon Weeden, CEO Joe Banner, CLeveland Browns, Detroit, Greg Little, Indianapolis Colts, Mike Evans, Minnesota Vikings, NFL, Reggie Bush, Rob Chudzinski, Terry Bridgewater, Trent Richardson


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32 And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those who escape, as the Lord has said, and among the survivors shall be those whom the Lord calls.--Joel 2:32That would be the heavenly mount Zion and the heavenly Jerusalem
Quote from: Doug32 And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those who escape, as the Lord has said, and among the survivors shall be those whom the Lord calls.--Joel 2:32That would be the heavenly mount Zion and the heavenly JerusalemYou are missing this so badly that you aren't even bothering to read the scripture. Why would someone want to escape from the heavenly mount Zion? Why would there be survivors of the heavenly Jerusalem? Why would they be sounding the alarm in heavenly Zion? Why would they be fasting and trembling and calling on God?
So now you are saying the day of the LORD has already happened?
God often juxtaposes passages from different time periods and different events together, which is why people speak of double prophecy.Have we already seen Joel's army of Joel 2?I suppose you'll say we have.
Where is America in Bible Prophecy?By Walid ShoebatFor many years, it has been taught that in the Last-Days literally every nation of the earth including the United States will be utterly dominated by the Antichrist; there will be no place to escape from the dreaded Mark of the Beast; every last nation of the world will come against Jerusalem. Zechariah 12 is usually used to validate the theory, as is the Apostle John. After all, the Antichrist will be given "authority over every tribe, people, language, and nation," (Revelation 13:7).This would seem like an ironclad case for the Antichrist ruling the globe, including the United States, which he uses in his march against Jerusalem. It is this dilemma that caused many to believe that the United States will be taken over by Antichrist.Before we attempt to solve this issue, it is necessary to clarify the dilemma. For this, we can ask a Jesus-style question: does the usage of the phrase, "the whole earth" and "every tribe, tongue and nation" in the Bible mean "the entire globe"? If so, then did Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel 4:1 send his letter to every nation, tribe and tongue in the "entire globe"?"Nebuchadnezzar the king, unto all people, nations, and languages, that dwell in all the earth; Peace be multiplied unto you." (Daniel 4:1)"O king, the Most High God gave your father Nebuchadnezzar sovereignty and greatness and glory and splendor. Because of the high position he gave him, all the peoples and nations and men of every language dreaded and feared him," (Daniel 5:18, 19). How about
"Men of all nations came to listen to Solomon's wisdom, sent by all the kings of the world, who had heard of his wisdom," (I Kings 4:34)Did anyone visit Solomon from China? How about
"Howbeit every nation made gods of their own, and put them in the houses of the high places which the Samaritans had made, every nation in their cities wherein they dwelt," (2 Kings 17:29). Did the inhabitants of every last nation of the earth have Samaritan gods in their homes? How about
"the kings of Assyria have laid waste all the nations, and their countries." Isaiah 37:18Did King Sennacherib of Assyria actually destroy all nations on the face of the earth?How about
"As I was considering, suddenly a male goat came from the west, across the surface of the whole earth," (Daniel 8:5). Did Alexander the Great occupy the whole earth?So then, let us offer a new perspective regarding the end-times verses:Zechariah 14:2 "For I will gather all the nations to Jerusalem for battle"Matthew 25:32 "I will also gather all nations"Joel 3:2 "I will gather all nations"Such verses should not be isolated. In context, Zechariah 12 only encompasses the surrounding nations:"I am going to make Jerusalem a cup that sends all the surrounding peoples reeling. Judah will be besieged as well as Jerusalem. On that day, when all the nations of the earth are gathered against her, I will make Jerusalem an immovable rock for all the nations. All who try to move it will injure themselves," (Zechariah 12:2-3). In Joel 3:12 we find the same:"Let the nations be wakened, and come up to the Valley of Jehoshaphat; For there I will sit to judge all the surrounding nations.""The surrounding peoples" and "all the nations of the earth" are two references pertaining to the same people; "all the nations" and "the earth" is not the entire globe, though the translation may seem to allude to it as such. The problem is that the translation at times makes it difficult since in English "the earth" tends to mean "the entire globe" and in Hebrew the word "Eretz" commonly means "the land" and not "the entire globe."Then we have the culture. In ancient Hebrew, we find a grammatical construct that makes emphatic statements in order to convey a point, whereas using hyperbole is extremely common in eastern cultures. Elaborating on the exceptions would entirely blunt the impact of the statement. For instance, imagine a speed limit sign that listed the exceptions painted on it, "speed limit 55except ambulances, fire trucks, police giving chase, etc." Thus, exceptions cannot be ruled out on the basis of exclusive language. This type of language is actually found quite frequently in the Bible. Throughout the prophecies of end-times the Bible is speaking of a regional war and not global (Ezekiel 36:4, 5, Psalm 79:12, Jeremiah 12:14, Ezekiel 28-32).One common argument I always get is an objection that "the earth" is meant to be "the known world," that today's "known world" must then encompass the entire globe. This assumption is false since all "Four Beasts" in Daniel chapter 7 arise out of "the Great Sea" (Daniel 7:2). "The Great Sea" is the Mediterranean region, not the entire globe. That with all the literal nations of end-times encompasses only the Middle East and Asia Minor. If the first beast (Babylon), second beast (Medo-Persia) and third beast (Greece) all were out within the "Great Sea" (Mediterranean) then the fourth beast of Daniel 7 could only pertain to the Mediterranean Sea as well.To make the Antichrist rule a global one, many western interpreters today allegorize "The Great Sea" as "the sea of humanity." In so doing, we lose the meaning and the intent of the prophecy. This reference to "The Great Sea" cannot be an allegory pertaining to the "sea of humanity" since every verse in the Bible refers to "The Great Sea" as the Mediterranean Sea (see Num 34:6-7, Jos 1:4, Jos 9:1, Jos 15:12, Jos 15:47, Jos 23:4, Ezek 47:10, 15, 19, 20, Ezek 48: 28).The Bible makes every effort to clarify that the nations surrounding Israel are the ones to which it is referring:"And render unto our neighbors sevenfold into their bosom their reproach, wherewith they have reproached thee, O Lord," (Psalm 79:12).Do Israel's "neighbors" include The United States? No. This is confirmed in many places in the Bible:"Thus Says Jehovah against all mine evil neighbors that touch the inheritance which I have caused my people Israel to inherit," (Jeremiah 12:14). The neighbors are all Muslim.In the Bible, Antichrist "will devour the whole earth, trampling it down and crushing it" (Daniel 7: 23), yet several prophecies state that Antichrist will be confronted and will not take over the globe (Daniel 11:40-45, Daniel 11:30, Ezekiel 28:7-8).So where is the United States in the Bible? How many ever think about this, that perhaps in the end, the United States is mentioned fighting against the Antichrist. Daniel 11 tells us that Antichrist "acts against the strongest fortresses with a foreign god, which he shall acknowledge, and advance its glory" (Daniel 11:39).Who are these "strongest fortresses" [the strongest military might]"? How could the Antichrist rule the entire globe if we have strongest fortresses that fight against him? Does he truly defeat these strongest fortresses? Does he defeat the United States? Does he rule the entire globe?The answer to this is "No."Why then do so many modern Western prophecy analysts insist that Antichrist hold the most powerful military might in the world? Which nations hold the strongest military might? Is it not the United States?The text regarding end-times is clearly portraying what we see in Islam today. Even when we read that he declares war "against the strongest fortresses." What could that mean except what it plainly saysto declare war against the most powerful nations on earth? Jihadists already declared war on Europe and the U.S. And now with the Arab Spring clearly becoming an Islamic storm, we see that what we have said to you years ago in advance; everything is happening in accordance to a plan.However, the West today seems oblivious to this fact. Who else could be as maniacal as Muslim fundamentalists to declare war on the powerful West? Who else is deceiving the West with false peace saying that 'Islam is a peaceful religion'? And it is all for the purpose of advancing their god, Allah.This is exactly what we see today.The position that every nation will fall to Antichrist is impossible since the Bible clearly states that some will even resist the Antichrist and even defeat him. The verses are rarely discussed. In Ezekiel 28, it even confirms that the most powerful nations (strongest fortresses) on earth will annihilate the Antichrist:"Behold, therefore I will bring strangers upon thee, the terrible of the nations: and they shall draw their swords against the beauty of thy wisdom, and they shall defile thy brightness. They shall bring thee down to the pit, and thou shalt die the deaths of [them that are] slain in the midst of the seas." (Ezekiel 28:7-8)"They" pertains to these powerful nations and the term "terrible" implies to being "terrible in battle," "most powerful," "strongest fortresses." God will rise up several nations who will carry out His judgment and attack the Antichrist in the end. Therefore, it cannot be true that every nation of the globe will fall to the Antichrist and attack Israel. There have always been attempts to establish a One-World Government, yet they have never succeeded; far too many in the West fail to remember that God divided the nations after the Tower of Babel to never allow them to be one; even in the Millennium we will still have nations separated. This promise is as the rainbow for Noah.Too many today read the Bible narcissistically. Many books have been written that place the West at the center of prophecy and interpret history through a Western-centric lens. Far too many Westerners have missed the obvious fact that the Bible is thoroughly Middle Eastern. In the Biblical worldview, Jerusalem is the center of the earth, not Europe or America. The biblical prophecies about the End-Times are no different.End-Times Today is a complete study of Bible Prophecy that will ensure a proper perspective on end-times.http://www.shoebat.com/2012/04/18/where-is-america-in-bible-prophecy/
The first half of this post argues that the usa is not -in-bible-prophecy/The last part of the post argues that it is, -in-bible-prophecy/
I think it is upon us; it comes "as a thief in the night." This age is called "night." [John 9:4; 2 Peter 1:19]"The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of the Lord come." The sun represents the gospel. It is turned into darkness by false teachings, such as the idea of unending infernal torment of unbelievers, introduced in the early centuries of the church.
"For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in."I am curious as to when anyone thinks this will happen and will we know when it does? Just what is "the fulness of the Gentiles"?CHB
So, he's saying, that although most of the action will be in the Middle East, including the 'one world gov't', the USA will be instrumental in defeating the Antichrist there.When I read the whole of chapter 11 and try to imagine or even wish that any part of this chapter could refer to the usa.I just can't do those kinds of mental gymnastics.
Quote from: dajomaco on September 09, 2012, 07:43:12 PMSo, he's saying, that although most of the action will be in the Middle East, including the 'one world gov't', the USA will be instrumental in defeating the Antichrist there.When I read the whole of chapter 11 and try to imagine or even wish that any part of this chapter could refer to the usa.I just can't do those kinds of mental gymnastics. I don't know what you mean. Chapter 11 of what? You mean Daniel?
Quote from: DajoThe first half of this post argues that the usa is not -in-bible-prophecy/The last part of the post argues that it is, -in-bible-prophecy/Not really. He is saying that prophecy is all about the Middle East with Jerusalem at the epicenter. He is saying prophecy is Middle East - Centric. So therefore the Antichrist of Daniel 11 is not going to rule over the West. His rule will happen among the nations of the Middle East, and most of the action will happen there.
Zechariah 12:2-3 Behold, I will make Jerusalem a cup of trembling unto all the people round about, when they shall be in the siege both against Judah and against Jerusalem.And in that day will I make Jerusalem a burdensome stone for all people: all that burden themselves with it shall be cut in pieces, though all the people of the earth be gathered together against it.
He wants to limit the scope of Zechariah's prophecy to the area around the earthly Jerusalem.
Quote from: DougZechariah 12:2-3 Behold, I will make Jerusalem a cup of trembling unto all the people round about, when they shall be in the siege both against Judah and against Jerusalem.And in that day will I make Jerusalem a burdensome stone for all people: all that burden themselves with it shall be cut in pieces, though all the people of the earth be gathered together against it.This prophecy exactly fits what is going on in the middle east today. What were they shouting in Egypt after the elections? Something about marching to Jerusalem to retake the city.That movie I posted from Iran is calling for a million martyrs to retake Jerusalem and free Palestine.You know, Doug, sometimes a cigar is just a cigar.
Does Psalm 83 describe next Mideast war?Exclusive: Joel Richardson identifies line of prophecy thinking that's 'a total fantasy'Published: 01/27/2012 at 7:39 PM In the end, it is clear that tensions in the Middle East are very high. War could be just around the corner. We must pray that this is averted! The day will surely come when all of the prophecies of the Bible will be completely fulfilled. But for now, I am of the opinion that the scenario many students of prophecy are looking for, namely the soon victory of Israel over her neighbors and the subsequent occupation of those lands is a total fantasy. When Jesus returns, only then will genuine justice fill the region. But until then, we are to pray for the peace of Jerusalem.http://www.wnd.com/2012/01/does-psalm-83-describe-next-mideast-war/


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Sunday, July 13, 2014
The boxes are stacked along the floor.
Most coming, some going.
As the transition from retiring St. Johns Christian Academy Athletic Director Bob Winters to newly hired Steve Guerry winds down, Guerry has begun to make himself at home.
Im not here to radically change anything, he said. Im here to continue building on the fine foundation Bob Winters started here.
A few of Winters boxes remain stacked on the sofa as Guerry continued getting settled. There is no hurry with the start of the new school year still more than six weeks away. A weeklong basketball goodwill trip to China just concluded,and Guerry has been doing some thinking about where he sees SJCA athletics going over the next several years.
Guerry will put his thumbprint on the Cavaliers sports program and his new influence will be visible early on.
Im thinking about where this program should go over the next five to ten years, Guerry said. My biggest job is to get the word out about St. Johns Christian Academy Athletics, about how this is a great place and a viable alternative for your child to play.
Raising awareness in town will get more people to the ball games and in turn get more quality athletes interested in going to school here.
During his first 30 days on the job, Guerry has spent the bulk of his time working with new football coach John McCall as he gets his arms around his first head coaching assignment.
We have assembled the strongest coaching staff weve had here in a while, Guerry said. Weve brought in Brandon Patterson as our Defensive Coordinator.
Plus local youth pastor Jeff Moss and former Berkeley High School quarterback Shawn Stevens to join returning assistant Stefan Castellucci.
We have some decent talent returning in football and we should be competitive, he said.
Given SJCAs diminutive student population, the Cavalier core of athletes play multiple sports. Those you see on the football sidelines this fall, such as Dustin Parsons, Robbie ODell, Connor Thornton, Byron Rogers Colin Murchison and Harun Scott, will also lace up the Air Jordans for basketball and the baseball spikes for baseball.
Well remain competitive across the board in sports, he said.
Guerry also complimented departing coach Matt Gilbert who spent one season along the Cavalier sidelines.
Matt did an outstanding job under the circumstances, Guerry said. He had to build a team and assemble a coaching staff in a very short amount of time and that was hard to do.
Guerry said this year will see a lot of change in SJCA sports, starting with football: New coach and new coaching staff, we have some young guys that have some experience and are interested in helping out.
Also taking the reins as head basketball coach, Guerry knows the coming winter and trying to replace what may have been the three best basketball players in the history of Cavalier basketball in Greg Gamble, Jalen Ward and Damian Hurta, will be a challenge.
In spring, while not getting specific, Guerry hinted at some big changes in store for the Lady Cavaliers softball team.
We have a very talented group of young girls that won their region and went to the state tournament and I feel its time to take the softball program to a new level, he said.
Also on the radar this fall is the schools rising cross country team that boasts the defending 2013 state champion in Connor Thornton.
With Connor and Dillon Biering finishing in the top three in the state, this year I think our cross country team has the chance to make more of a teamwide statement this year, he said.
Exciting times, Guerry said, and dont look for him to be going anywhere anytime soon.
My wife teaches here, he said. My kids will go to school here. I plan on being around awhile.
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text:
Up to [DragonFly] / src / sys / sys
Request diff between arbitrary revisions
Keyword substitution: kv
Default branch: MAIN
Current tag: DragonFly_RELEASE_1_8
I'm growing tired of having to add #include lines for header files that the include file(s) I really want depend on. Go through nearly all major system include files and add appropriately #ifndef'd #include lines to include all dependant header files. Kernel source files now only need to #include the header files they directly depend on. So, for example, if I wanted to add a SYSCTL to a kernel source file, I would only have to #include <sys/sysctl.h> to bring in the support for it, rather then four or five header files in addition to <sys/sysctl.h>.


text:
A communication system has a communication infrastructure and a gateway station communicating a communication signal to the communication infrastructure. An airplane having an antenna coupled to a processing circuit for establishing a plurality of multiple communication links corresponding to the communication infrastructure is used. The gateway station generates multiple datagrams from the television signal and transmits the multiple datagrams through the multiple dynamic links. The antenna receives the datagrams from the infrastructure and the processing circuit and reassembles the datagrams into the communication signal.
1. A television broadcast system comprising:
a television feed system generating a television signal;
a first gateway station coupled to said feed system forming a first plurality of datagrams from the television signal;
an airplane having an antenna coupled to a processing circuit;
a communication infrastructure communicating the plurality of datagrams through a plurality of communication links to the antenna;
said processing circuit comprising a demultiplexer, said processing circuit reassembling said datagrams into the television signal prior to demultiplexing the television signal; and
a server;
a plurality of user locations within the airplane, said server directing the television signal to said plurality of user locations.
2. A system as recited in
3. A system as recited in
4. A television broadcast system as recited in
5. A television broadcast system as recited in
6. A television broadcast system as recited in
7. A television broadcast system as recited in
8. A television broadcast system comprising:
a television feed system generating a television signal;
a first gateway station coupled to said feed system forming a first plurality of datagrams from the television signal;
an airplane having an antenna coupled to a processing circuit; and
a communication infrastructure comprising a satellite directing the plurality of datagrams through a plurality of communication links to the antenna;
said processing circuit comprising a demultiplexer, said processing circuit reassembling said datagrams into the television signal prior to demultiplexing the television signal.
9. A system as recited in
10. A system as recited in
11. A television broadcast system as recited in
12. A television broadcast system as recited in
13. A television broadcast system as recited in
14. A television broadcast system as recited in
The present application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/967,757 filed Sep. 28, 2001, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/735,860 filed on Dec. 12, 2000 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,952,580, which are incorporated by reference herein.
The present invention relates generally to mobile communication systems, and more particularly to a communication system that uses multiple links for effectively communicating with passengers on an aircraft.
In this communication age, content providers are increasingly investigating ways in which to provide more content to users as well as interfacing with users.
Communication satellites have become commonplace for use in many types of communication services, e.g., data transfer, voice communications, television spot beam coverage, and other data transfer applications. In particular, data transfer may include coupling to the Internet to take advantage of the various resources provided therethrough.
One problem associated with providing mobile communications is maintaining a communications link between the moving mobile terminal and the high altitude device associated therewith. Many types of high altitude devices are used in mobile communication systems including stratospheric platforms, middle earth orbit satellites and low earth orbit satellites. The satellites move relative to the earth and the mobile terminals also move relative to the earth. Prior known systems typically do not provide reliable links particularly in high data intensive applications.
For example, in such systems a single dynamic link may degrade over time due to the relative movement of the mobile terminal relative to the high altitude communication device. As the devices move, the quality of the link drops. Therefore, the total throughput of the system is inhibited.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a reliable mobile communication system capable of handling high data rates and doing so without sacrificing connectivity or data rate.
For example, in such systems a single dynamic link may degrade over time due to the relative movement of the mobile terminal relative to the high altitude communication device. As the devices move, the quality of the link drops. Therefore, the total throughput of the system is inhibited.
It would therefore be desirable to provide a reliable mobile communication system capable of handling high data rates and doing so without sacrificing connectivity or data rate.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a mobile communication system that allows high data rate connectivity to the Internet and/or digital television signals.
In one aspect of the invention, a communication system has a communication infrastructure and a gateway station communicating a communication signal to the communication infrastructure. An airplane having an antenna coupled to a processing circuit for establishing a plurality of multiple communication links corresponding to the communication infrastructure is used. The gateway station generates multiple datagrams from the television signal and transmits the multiple datagrams through the multiple dynamic links. The antenna receives the datagrams from the infrastructure and the processing circuit and reassembles the datagrams into the communication signal.
In a further aspect of the invention, a method of operating a communication system comprises:
forming a first communication signal;
dividing the television signal into a first plurality of datagrams;
routing the first plurality of datagrams through a plurality of communication links of a communication infrastructure to an airplane; and
receiving the first plurality of datagrams through an antenna coupled to the airplane; and
reassembling the first plurality of datagrams into the first communication signal in a processing circuit coupled to the airplane.
In a further aspect of the invention, a method for operating a communication system comprises the steps of:
forming a plurality of multiple communication links directed to a communication infrastructure including at least two devices from the group including a cell tower, a first satellite constellation and a second satellite constellation, a stratospheric platform
dividing a communication into a plurality of datagrams;
routing the plurality of datagrams through the plurality of multiple communication links;
directing the datagrams from the said at least two devices to a gateway station; and
reassembling the datagrams into the communication.
One advantage of the invention is that multiple users on the aircraft may use the communication system to receive Internet services or television services. Another advantage of the invention is that routing information may be provided through the aircraft routing system which connects to the router system of the present invention.
One advantage of the invention is that a stratospheric platform may be used to provide the high altitude communication function. This allows the communication system according to the present invention to be rapidly deployed.
Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent when viewed in light of the detailed description of the preferred embodiment when taken in conjunction with the attached drawings and appended claims.
In the following description, the same reference numerals are used to identify the same components in the various views. Those skilled in the art will recognize that various other embodiments, structural changes and changes in measures may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The following description is described with respect to mobile terminals. Although the advantages are suitable in mobile applications, the present invention could be used for fixed terminals.
Referring now to
Communication system 10 further includes a gateway station 20 that is coupled to terrestrial networks 22. Communication system may also include an operations center 24. Both gateway station 20 and operations center 24 are in communication with satellite 18 and platforms 17. Gateway station 20 provides a link between user terminals 16F, 16M and terrestrial networks 22 through infrastructure 14. Operation center 24 provides command and control functions to platforms 17 and satellites 18. Further, operation center 24 may control functions of cell tower 19. Although illustrated as two separate units, gateway station 20 and operation center 24 may be combined into the same physical location.
The communication signals between infrastructure 14 and user terminals 16M and 16F may be referred to as user links 26. User links 26 represent the transmit and receive beams from both types of user terminals 16F, 16M and infrastructure 14. A feeder link 28 is defined between infrastructure 14 and gateway station 20. Each of the user links and feeder links may be multiple dynamic links meaning there are many which are subject to change as the users and infrastructure move in relation to each other. Each link may transmit on as many portions of the communication signals as described below.
Stratospheric platform 17 may be implemented in many forms including an unmanned vehicle that can fly for several months at an altitude of over 60,000 feet above the earth. The stratospheric platform 17 is operated through the operations center 24 to fly in a small radius flight path over a given spot on the earth. As far as users are concerned, the platform is geo-stationary. In addition to a plane-like platform, the stratospheric platform may comprise a balloon or blimp-like platforms.
Satellites 18A, 18B, 18C may be formed from geostationary (GEO), middle earth orbit (MEO) or low earth orbit (LEO) satellites. Practically, it is more likely that the system be implemented in LEO or MEO satellites. Although three satellites are illustrated, many more satellites may be used. Also, satellites from various constellations may also be utilized to transmit one of or many of the multiple dynamic links of the present invention. For example, a satellite constellation such as Iridium� may be used. The figure may also represent three different constellations corresponding to each satellite 18A, 18B and 18C. In the Iridium� satellite constellation, the modulation/demodulation, multiplexing/demultiplexing and channelization schemes are fixed on the satellites. Various multiple dynamic links may be structured so that the sub-segments, data packets or datagrams may go through different channels previously used as voice channels simultaneously at a specified version dictated by the broadcast center. At the mobile terminal, the sub-segment data in a voice channel will be recovered through the same multiplexing, decoding and demodulation scheme used in the Iridium� system. The segment stream will be restructured to properly align time wise for replaying. The number of voice channels of the Iridium� system may be dynamically allocated to accommodate the various bandwidth required. Thus, the multi-link communication infrastructure 14 preferably includes at least two devices from the group including a cell tower, a first satellite constellation, a second satellite constellation and a stratospheric platform.
Another satellite system such as the ICO system which uses a digital "bent pipe" transponder may be used. The digital processing unit of the ICO system is in sub-bands which are about 150 KHz in bandwidth and 6.7 milliseconds in time window that can support 36 voice channels simultaneously. Sub-bands are the "carriers" to which frequency spots and beam locations may be independently assigned. The overall communication system can process signals into voice channels. The frequency slots and beam positions are assigned independently, not to the voice channel level but to the sub-band level. As a result, partial sub-bands may be used for data transmission when they become available. The Sub-bands may be used for mobile television applications and may deliver 2.5 G or 3 G mobile television services in the future.
Globalstar and AMSC mobile systems may also be used in mobile television applications. Analog bent pipe satellites are used in these systems on GEO and LEO orbits. Globalstar uses CDMA multiplexing while the AMSC uses FDMA multiplexing. Each of these systems also uses a different modulation scheme. The mobile television application services may use one or all of the portions of infrastructure 14 for broadcasting the signals of the present invention.
The above-mentioned mobile systems were designed to connect user terminals to voice-based networks. These terminals typically have low gain and broad beam antennas. As a result, the precious L/S band frequency spectrum has been divided for separated mobile satellite operators with one service operator at a given frequency spectrum, however, it is not very efficient usage of the spectrum but the only way to avoid mutual interference among various service providers.
The present invention allows the same frequency spectrum to be assigned to multiple satellites to broadcast different data streams to the same area simultaneously. As a result, the frequency spectrum will be utilized 2.7 times more for the ICO satellite system and about 4 times more for the Iridium� system with respect to voice applications.
The various devices 17, 18, 19 forming infrastructure 14 are used as a communication node for gateway station 20 and user terminals 16F and 16M. Gateway station 20 has antenna or multiple antennas 21 used to communicate with the devices of infrastructure 14. As will be described below, the pointing from mobile terminals 16M may be performed electronically. Although only one gateway station 20 is illustrated in the figure, those skilled in the art will recognize that various numbers of interconnected gateway stations 20 may be employed. High gain antennas 21 have a narrow beam width directed at the desired device. The antenna may need a tracking mechanism with tracking speed adequate enough to maintain a communication link with the various devices of infrastructure 14 throughout the flight path. Gateway station 20 may be coupled to a gateway control circuit 22 which is ultimately connected to the Internet 24, or a corporate intranet.
Each high altitude communication platform 17, 18 has a respective payload 29, 30 that links with user terminals 16M, 16F through the use of a phased array antenna and gateway station 20 with a feeder link antenna (preferably a parabolic dish) described below. In the present example, the payload 29, 30 is used to generate a plurality of user beams configured according to the signals as determined in the gateway station 20. The cell tower 19 also has a control circuit 31 similar to that of payload 29, 30 that links user terminals 16M, 16F and gateway station 20. Cell tower 19 has a phase array antenna 33 to communicate with user terminals 16M, 16F and a parabolic antenna 35 to couple control circuit 31 to gateway station 20. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize third antenna 35 may be replaced with a hard-wired connection.
Gateway control circuit 22 may have various circuitry coupled thereto. For example, analog or digital TV feeds 32 directly at or from a TV broadcasting center, an up converter 34, and a cable modem terminal shelf (CMTS) 36. CMTS 36 may be used to couple to Internet 24. Analog or digital TV feeds may comprise local channel feed 32A and a national channel feed 32B which may be co-located or separated in practice. CMTS 36 may be coupled to a hub 38 that has various resources coupled thereto. The hub 38 may, for example, have a management server 40, a world wide web, e-mail or news server 42 or a proxy server 44.
Referring now to
Such a design is preferably scalable to allow other elements 48 to be plugged into the array. Such flexibility allows higher gain for the antenna 46, if needed.
When forming multiple beams or links, the sampled signals at element level will be "reused" for the second, third and rest of the beams. The array is electrically scanned in two dimensions as described below. As will be further described below, different sets of digital beam formers and frequency and time circuitry are used. Therefore, the incremental cost and processing load of additional beams is low. When first activated, antenna 46 during an acquisition phase all beams will be used simultaneously over the entire field of view of a fan-beam. Thus, the search volume will be reduced to a one-dimensional search in time sequence. If some knowledge is present in the system, only a few beams may be needed to establish the link acquisition.
When a user link is established, the beam or links generated by a user terminal may be electronically tracked to match that of the movement of platforms. Signal strengths from adjacent beams are monitored and compared to the main beam. The beam with the strongest signal will be identified and locked as the main beam. As the platform and/or user moves, the main beam may be switched. The terminal will always choose the beam with the strongest (desired) received signal as the main beam.
Alternatively, the entire receiving antenna and tracking processing can be done through a retrodirective technique via multiple beam-forming through a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The outputs of the two dimensional FFT are associated with signals from various directions covered by the different (contiguous) beams. The history of the beam position will be stored in the terminal as a reference
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Digital beam forming circuit 54 has a plurality of elements 62 that correspond to the elements 48 shown in
The links or beams are coupled to a demodulator 56 which demodulates signals and recovers the information in various package or datagrams. The recovered information are provided to routing circuit 58 which has a hub and router circuit 76 coupled to a routing table 78 which is updated from direction control circuit 60. Hub and router circuit 76 is coupled to a transport circuit 80 which in turn is coupled to an applications circuit 82. As will be further described below, each user link has only a portion of the total signal to be received. These signal portions are referred to as datagrams in the present invention. Hub and router 76 receive various datagrams from the different user links 76 and reassembles them. Various datagrams may be sent through the various portions of infrastructure 14 such as through stratospheric platform 17, satellite 18 and cell tower 19. The various datagrams may not arrive in a sequential order. Thus, hub and router 76 assembles them and may have to shuffle the datagram packets to provide the desired reassembled signal. Once receiving an entire communication segment, transport circuit 80 couples the signal to various applications within the device such as a web browser or other programs. It should be noted that the datagrams must all be reassembled in order to provide a coherent message. If any of the datagrams are lost, the infrastructure 14 will order a retransmit of the missing portion of the datagram. The terminal may start a reassembly timer when it receives an initial fragment. If the timer expires before all the datagrams arrive, the user terminal 52 may discard the surviving pieces without processing the datagram. A request for resending the signal may be initiated.
Direction control circuit 60 is coupled to external calibrations 84 which may be input to the system. External calibrations may include information about the various satellites in the system and the relative positions thereof. Estimation algorithms 86 are coupled to external calibrations 84. Estimation algorithms 86 determine a user state vector 88 and a platform state vector 90. The user state vector 88 and platform state vectors 90 determined the absolute position of each of the high altitude devices and of the user. The user state vector 88 and the platform state vectors 90 are used to generate relative position vectors 92 between user state vector 88 and platform state vectors 90. The relative position vectors 92 are used to generate motion vector correction factor 94 which in turn are provided to routing table 78 in hub and router circuit 58 so the directions of the links (or direction of array beams) can be changed.
Referring now to
The difference between the transmit architectures in
In operation, the present invention preferably uses TCP/IP protocol. The TCP/IP protocol allows the user terminal to generate both multiple and receiving and transmitting beams to take advantage of the different portions of infrastructures in view to transmit and receive various datagrams, which are portions of complete messages, to and from the gateway terminal. The gateway terminal also receives the datagrams and reassembles them. The present invention takes advantage of the existing TCP/IP protocol and applies it to multi-beam mobile applications. This combination allows mobile terminals to operate in packet-by-packet modes efficiently rather than circuit designated modes, taking advantage of high dynamics from multiple beams and providing various bundled multimedia mobile services to various content providers from TCP/IP protocol.
Referring now to
In a receive mode, an aggregated data stream or communication signal intended for a user terminal is grouped into datagrams which are the basic transfer units in the TCP/IP protocol. A datagram is divided into a header and a data area. The IP protocol specifies the header format including the source and destination IP address. The IP protocol does not specify the format of the data area. Arbitrary data may be transmitted in the data area. The length of the datagram is given by the total field length which is specified as 16 bits long. Therefore, the maximum of the datagram is 64 kilobytes.
The TCP/IP software chooses a convenient initial datagram size for the communication and arranges a way to divide large datagrams into smaller pieces when the datagram needs to traverse a network that has a small maximum transfer unit (MTU). The small pieces or communication portions into which a datagram is divided are called fragments, and the process of dividing a datagram is known is fragmentation. Fragmentation usually occurs at a router somewhere along the path between the datagram source and its ultimate destination. The router receives a datagram from a network with a large MTU and must send it over a network for which the MTU is smaller than the datagram size. Once the communication signal has been fragmented, the fragments travel as separate datagrams all the way to the ultimate destination where they are reassembled. In the present case, each of the datagrams may be sent to the infrastructure 14 through multiple links from user terminal 52. The datagrams are then sent through multiple links from the infrastructure 14 to a gateway station where they are reassembled. The datagrams are reassembled before any demultiplexing processes by arranging the fragments received from the various links. If any fragments are lost, the datagram cannot be reassembled. The terminal may start a reassembly timer when it receives an initial fragment. If the timer expires before all the fragments arrive, the user terminal may discard the surviving pieces without processing the datagram. At a high layer of the TCP protocol, a re-send signal may be sent for the entire datagram.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
User terminals used in
In operation of the system, the base stations generate communication signals using the allocated bandwidth. Some of the communications signals may use the same frequency even for the same user. The user terminal 16M establishes a plurality of multiple dynamic links that correspond respectively to the plurality of base stations. The user terminal 16M generates multiple communication portions such as the datagrams mentioned above and transmits the multiple communication portions through the multiple dynamic links to at least two of the plurality of base stations. The user terminal receives the communication portions from the base station and reassembles the communication portions into the communication signal. As mentioned above, the base stations may include a stratospheric platform, LEO, MEO or GEO satellites or cellular towers. Each of the plurality of established dynamic links are capable of having independently varying data rates. The communications may be initiated at the user terminal or a gateway station. In either case, the communication signal is divided into a plurality of datagrams and transmitted to a base station. Each datagram may be routed through a different base station. The datagrams are then transmitted to the gateway station if originating in a user terminal through dynamic links established at the base station. If the communication signal originated at a gateway station, multiple dynamic links are established at the base station for communication of the datagrams through various base stations to the user terminal. By way of example, the gateway station may communicate a communication signal via a first datagram and a second datagram to a first base station and a second base station. The first base station and the second base station may communicate the first datagram and the second datagram respectively to a user terminal. In turn, a user terminal may generate a second communication signal destined for the gateway station. The second communication signal may comprise a third datagram and a fourth datagram and be communicated to the base station through a third dynamic link and a fourth dynamic link respectively. The first base station and the fourth base station establish a respective fifth and sixth dynamic link whereby the third and fourth datagrams are communicated to the gateway station.
Various types of signals may be communicated to and from the gateway station. For example, television and Internet signals may be communicated from the base station and other communication signals may be communicated from the user terminal such as information requests and e-mails.
Referring now to
The preferred antenna 210 is illustrated in
As shown in
In a preferred embodiment, the rotating plate 216 is less than one inch (1″) thick and has a diameter of fifteen inches (15″) or less. Obviously, the dimensions of the rotating plate 216 may vary. However, the greater the diameter and thickness, the larger and more costly the antenna 210 will become. As shown in
Each slotted waveguide element 218 is approximately 10 wavelengths long. In one embodiment, 16 long waveguide elements 218 are positioned on the circular plate 216. The waveguide elements 218 are grouped into two groups and are interlaced, as shown in
In a receive mode, the array antenna 210 will be rotated in the azimuth such that all slot array elements 218 will be in alignment with the planar wavefront of an intended incoming signal. Consequently, all the slots in a long waveguide element 218 are excited by the same planar wavefront simultaneously.
Each slotted waveguide element 218 has a first end 220 and a second end 222. The first ends 220 are positioned on a surface of the aperture 224 defining the radiation elements, while the second ends 222 are overlapped by adjacent slotted waveguide elements 218 such that the elements are interdigitally spaced. Each waveguide element 218 has a plurality of cross-slot openings 226 formed on their top surfaces 228. An H-plane septum (a metal plate) 230 is inserted into each waveguide element 218. Each metal plate 230 has a plurality of slanted slots 232 formed therethrough which act as one of the key circular polarization exciting mechanisms.
The waveguide elements 218 operate in a standing wave mode and have an identical fan-beam pattern with a 6� by 150� elliptical beam created through the cross-slot openings 226 on the top surfaces 228 of the waveguides 218. The cross-slotted waveguides 218 and the septum plate 230 are both illustrated in
In operation, the circular plate 216 will be rotated to a position such that the wave front of an intended incoming wave is parallel to the central axes of these slotted waveguide 218. The fan beam radiation pattern of each slotted waveguide element 218 will intercept the incoming wave individually, which will then be amplified, filtered, coded, multiplexed, and down converted. As shown in schematic
Specifically, as shown in
The code division multiplex technique illustrated in the top portion of
Incorporating these multiplexing techniques, as shown in
The entire receiving antenna processing is performed through the combination of low profile one-dimension radiation elements 214, which are placed in parallel on the circular rotating plate 216. The processing is further accompanied by aligning the long radiating elements 214 along the intended incoming waveform by rotating the circular plate 216 and then performing beam forming in the orthogonal direction by summing up the output signals of the long radiation elements. By processing the signals in this manner, a high performance antenna can be provided with a very low profile circular volume.
Similar to the antenna disclosed in the prior figures, the entire receiving antenna and tracking processing of this preferred embodiment is through the low profile, one-dimensional radiation elements 214. The radiation elements 214 are again preferably placed in parallel on the circular plate 216 which rotates about its center axis. The long radiation elements 216 are also aligned along the intended incoming waveform by the rotating circular plate 216 and then subjected to multiple beamforming through fast Fourier transforms (FFT) at the digital multibeam beamforming device 254. The outputs of the digital multibeam beamforming device 254 through FFT are associated with signals from various directions covered by the different (contiguous) beams. The outputs of the FFT will be fed into a retrodirective processing mechanism, as described below, to determine where the intended signal is coming from and then to send the transmit signal to the same direction. The low cost tracking is accomplished by retrodirectivity. The history of the beam positioning will be stored in the terminal as a reference for the satellite ephemerae.
The received signals are again multiplexed into a single microwave stream via known CDMA techniques to reduce the component counts and the ultimate cost of the ground terminals. Incorporating the unique multiple digital beam forming technique with multiplexing provides contiguous multiple receive beams. The receiver monitors the signals from all the multiple beams simultaneously. The outputs of the digital multiple beamformer are then indexed through a set of orthogonal codes, such as hadema code, each of which represents the unique beam direction. By identifying the code of the signals locked onto the receiver, the location where the signal is coming from has been identified as well as the corresponding phase slope of the received aperture.
The transmit signal will be directed to the same antenna beam position from where the received signal originated. The transmit beam can then be steered by a phase conjunction mechanism. This multibeam beamforming and phase conjugation mechanism using a Bulter matrix is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,812,788. However, the present mechanism is incorporated in digital form through FFT and is therefore uniquely different from a Bulter matrix. The transmit beam utilizes the phasing information, to perform a phase conjugation across the array element, and digitally multiply the outgoing signals with the conjugated phasing (equivalently perform a DFT to the signals on the array aperture). All the retrodirective functions can be accomplished in a very low power and low cost consumer digital electronics.
During an acquisition phase (from a cold start), all the received beams will be on to cover the entire field of view of the fan beam (almost all the elevation at a given azimuth angle). The mechanical search volume will be reduced to a one-dimensional (azimuthal) direction. With some knowledge of where the new satellite may come into the field of view, one may decide to only turn on the receive beams through the incoming direction.
Once the satellite link is established, the tracking mechanism is similar to that of a step scan principle. The signal strengths from adjacent received beams will be monitored and used to compare with the one coming from the main beam, the beam with the strongest signal will be identified as the locked (main) beam. As a satellite moves through from horizon to horizon, a user terminal within the field of view (FOV) will switch the antenna to receive, and transmit beams from one position to another accordingly without conventional antenna tracking loops.
As for equatorial non-geosynchronous constellations, users can use the disclosed terminal to avoid interruption during handover. During transition, there will be one satellite coming in and another satellite going out from a user's FOV. Furthermore, there is only a limited time window when the satellites are at the same elevation or near the same elevation, but at a different azimuth angle. The disclosed antenna can form two beams pointed towards these two satellites simultaneously. Consequently, it can provide the capability of "connect before break" during the hand over phase.
This low profile antenna configuration with a low profile radome may look like a thick pizza and can be mounted on top of a moving vehicle, such as an automobile or an aircraft. This configuration can also be used as fixed user or mobile terminals for low earth orbit satellite constellations at L, S, Ku, and Ka frequency bands.
In operation, the present invention is particularly suitable for broadcasting television signals and receiving the television signals in a multiple link antenna such as that shown in
In the system, the digital television signals are divided into packets or datagrams and routed to user terminals. One envisioned embodiment divides a typical movie into 30 to 100 packets or datagrams lasting from between 1 and 3 minutes. These datagrams will be compressed, coded and modulated independently.
The user terminal establishes a plurality of multiple dynamic links through the communication infrastructure. As mentioned above, the communication infrastructure may comprise various devices including satellites, stratospheric platforms or cellular-type towers. The user receives the data packets from the infrastructure through the multiple dynamic links and reassembles the television signal from the data packets. In this manner, the routing table is used to control the reassembly of the packets so that they are placed in order for coherent viewing.
The circuitry involved in television reception may include a circuit such as that shown in
In what preferred application of the invention, national feed 32B of
Referring now to
Airplane 300 has a cockpit 310 that may include various other servers including an air traffic service server 312, an aeronautical operation control server 314, and an aeronautical administrative communications server 316. A router 318 may couple the servers to network 304.
Such a system may allow a passenger to connect a portable PC through the local area network 304 and establish multiple dynamic links with multiple satellites of the communication infrastructure. Keyboards and screen displays may also be provided at user locations 307. The communication infrastructure preferably comprises a plurality of satellite constellations such as those described above. The multiple links may include multiple speed links having various throughput speeds.
The multiple datagrams may be coupled to a satellite or plurality of satellites of the communication infrastructure described above. The infrastructure communicates the datagrams to the gateway station where they are reassembled. Of course, the datagrams may be both transmitted and received using the TCP/IP protocol described above.
While the best modes for carrying out the invention have been described in detail, those familiar with the art to which this invention relates will recognize various alternative designs and embodiments for practicing the invention as defined by the following claims.
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Pizza Lunchables Hack: How to Heat Them with an Iron, Blow Dryer, or Heater
Eating Pizza Lunchables as they're meant to be eaten, cold, holds little appeal. But, I got it in my mind that I could make them edible, and not just by dressing them up with fancier ingredients. My harebrained notion was that by only using the heating implements available in a common motel room (like a nicer Hampton Inn grade of motel), and a little foil, I could make these Pizza Lunchables sing. More


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Recommended Pastoral Reading
By Rev. Andrew Compton and Rev. Shane Lems
A good book is sometimes a pastor's best friend. Books don't fall asleep during sermons, they don't bicker with one another, and they generally sit quietly in a room not bothering anyone. Of course, pastors aren't called to shepherd books, but people. Yet a good book encourages, teaches, challenges, and sometimes even convicts a pastor and helps him shepherd God's people more biblically and effectively. A good book is like a teacher.
In this series of web articles, we are going to share with readers some books that have been instrumental in our own pastoral ministries. We hope to recommend books that cover topics such as a pastor's personal life, his shepherding duties, preaching, church life, and also other topics such as theology and history.
Obviously our recommendations are limited; no doubt many of our readers could come up with a list of their own. However, sometimes pastors need book suggestions from fellow pastors. This list is geared toward that end.
Part 1: The Pastor's Christian Life
Thomas Watson, The Godly Man's Picture (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1999).
This is a masterpiece by Watson that explains the many different characteristics of a godly man. For pastors, these are characteristics to pray for and strive towards – characteristics and Christian virtues that Watson draws from Scripture. Read this book and mark it up well; it will also be a good resource for preaching on the topic of godliness.
Thomas Murphy, Pastoral Theology (Willow Street: Old Paths Publications, 2001).
Although a bit dated (published 1877), this book by Murphy is something like a short seminary course on the pastoral ministry put into writing. In chapters 1-3, Murphy discussed topics such as pastoral piety, prayer, and study. These three chapters (along with the rest of the book) continue to be a great resource for the pastor in his Christian life.
John Newton, Letters of John Newton (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 2007).
My first exposure to Newton's writing was in a small book that contained several of his previously published letters. Since they magnified God's grace and were written in such a pastoral manner, I ended up purchasing Newton's Works so I could read many more of his letters. Wherever you may find Newton's letters, I strongly encourage fellow pastors to purchase, read, and mark them. In them you will find the writings of a wise Christian pastor who very much understood what it means that God saves sinners. An added bonus of Newton's writing is his discussion of his own spiritual ups and downs as a pastor, and how he fought through them by God's preserving grace.
William Willimon, Pastor: The Theology and Practice of Ordained Ministry (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2002).
A pastor needs to have his pastoral furniture thrown around now and again. Willimon's book does just that. We pastors shouldn't just read books that preach to the choir, so to speak. Written from a Barthian-Methodist perspective, this book will not leave readers with a warm fuzzy, but it will provoke some great pastoral thoughts. I appreciated Willimon's chapters on 21st century ministry and the pastor as disciplined Christian.
Tim Chester, The Busy Christian's Guide to Busyness (Nottingham: IVP, 2006).
Three words that unfortunately fit in the same sentence are "pastor" and "too busy." Since we live in a world where people are entirely too busy, the pastor should lead the way in redeeming the time and not lose his head in busyness. This book will help a pastor redeem the time in a biblical way. In fact, it is helpful enough that it makes me want to do a brief sermon series on the topic. I encourage pastors to get this book to help them avoid being caught up in the rat race. (By the way, there is a place and time for leisure in the pastor's life.)
Jerry Bridges, Respectable Sins (Colorado Springs: NavPress, 2007).
This excellent book by Bridges will help pastors fight the sins that are so prevalent and common in many Christian lives – including their own. In Respectable Sins, Bridges discusses the sins we tolerate such as anger, anxiety, discontentment, worldliness, and so forth. As usual, Bridges also explains how the gospel helps us fight these sins. This book is helpful because it essentially will help the pastor get the log out of his own eye and teach others how to do so as well – with Christ front and center.
William Bridge, A Lifting Up for the Downcast (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 2001).
Psalm 42.11 is the biblical touchstone for this book by Puritan William Bridge. Since a pastor will go through temptations, affliction, dark valleys, and violent storms in his ministry, he needs to prepare ahead of time for such difficulties. Though not exactly easy to read in every part, there is enough wisdom in this book that I recommend it as a sort of help to persevere through spiritually difficult times in the pastoral life.
Andreas Kostenberger, Excellence: The Character of God and the Pursuit of Scholarly Virtue (Wheaton: Crossway, 2011).
I appreciated this book because it has everything to do with being a solid Christian scholar-theologian. Pastors should be both scholars and theologians, but there is a wrong way to go about these tasks – and there is a right way. Kostenberger does a fine job applying biblical principles to the area of study, writing, and "doing" theology and research. Pastors should get this book to help them to be solid, levelheaded, and wise scholar-theologians.
Quentin Schultze, Habits of the High Tech Heart (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002).
Pastors have to know how to use and view technology, from smart phones to Skype to sears.com. Not only should pastors know how to use technology so they will not be used by it, they should also be able to give wise advice about this topic to parishioners. Schultze's book is a great resource on how to use technology with wisdom and moderation. I would like to see an updated edition of the book, since much has changed in the last ten years, but the book is still a great place to start when thinking of technology and ethics.
Charles Bridges, The Christian Ministry (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1983).
Bridges was an Anglican minister in England who wrote this work on pastoral ministry in 1830. It is one of the most thorough, biblical, and practical books ever written on this topic. Bridges discusses many different aspects of the pastoral ministry including the origins, the call, the work, the trials, the successes, the failures, the studies, and so on. It is rather difficult to read in some places, but since it is well outlined and brief in some places, it is a good resource to slowly work through part by part. This is one of my favorite pastoral ministry books.
Samuel T. Logan (ed.), The Preacher and Preaching: Reviving the Art in the Twentieth Century (Phillipsburg: P&R Publishing, 1986).
This edited volume wears a number of hats in the pastor's library. As it relates to the aim of this post, chapters 1-4 are especially appropriate. The chapters are "The Minister's Call" by Joel Nederhood, "The Preacher and Piety" by Erroll Hulse, "The Preacher and Scholarship" by James Montgomery Boice, and "The Whole Man" by R.C. Sproul. As time passes and we get into the routine of our work, it is easy to lose sight of the weighty nature of our calling. Reading a chapter from this volume every couple of weeks prevents us from missing the forest for the trees. Meeting preparation, bulletin printing, visitation, denominational business – even counseling and sermon preparation can become the individual trees in our work. How important it is to see them yet again as part of the forest of this great calling!
Rob Ventura and Jeremy Walker, A Portrait of Paul: Identifying a True Minister of Christ (Grand Rapids: Reformation Heritage Books, 2010).
Writing in the Puritan tradition, Ventura and Walker examine Colossians 1:24-2:5 in an effort to better understand how the Apostle Paul himself viewed his own ministerial task. With careful exegesis, vivid prosody, and concrete application, they help us to see how our pastoral work is not so far removed Paul's. Certainly he had an apostolic call that we do not, but Paul's pastoral ministry has more overlap with our own than it might seem given the nearly 2000 years that separate us. Ventura and Walker offer a challenge to pastors to pursue excellence in our calling so that we might best honor Christ and that we might best shepherd his flock.
Benjamin B. Warfield, The Religious Life of Theological Students (Published as a pamphlet by P&R Publishing, and as part of Warfield's Selected Shorter Writings, edited by John E. Meeter and also published by P&R Publishing).
Recently John Piper and D.A. Carson wrote the book, The Pastor as Scholar and the Scholar as Pastor. And yet just over a century ago, Warfield delivered an address at Princeton Theological Seminary describing a similar reality: pastors are called to be learned and academic, as well as godly and pastoral. In this short piece, Warfield encourages us to go about our work as a distinctly "religious exercise." As we deal so regularly with divine things and thereby face temptation to view those things as common, Warfield warns us that this is a great danger. And yet he notes that it is only a danger because it is a great privilege. Oh that our studies might never fill our minds without also penetrating deeply into our hearts!


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One by one, the newest members of the Pro Football Hall of Fame stepped onto the stage as their names were called. When the eighth man elected Saturday, the late Junior Seau, was announced, his two sons stood with the group.
MEN'S BASKETBALLGenesee Community College at Herkimer College, 1 p.m.WOMEN'S BASKETBALLGenesee Community College at Herkimer College, 11 a.m.GIRLS' VOLLEYBALLSection III playoff seeding meeting
GIRLS' BASKETBALLCooperstown 61, Poland 41Oppenheim-Ephratah-St. Johnsville at Sharon Springs, postponedMEN'S BASKETBALLHerkimer College 79, Clinton Community College 61Mohawk Valley Community College 82, SUNY-Adirondack 69
[WARNING: The following story contains spoilers from Saturday's episode of Black Sails. Read at your own risk.]Look who's back!Saturday's episode of
Move over, marinara.
Creamy casseroles, sans the calories.
Amy Duggar, the niece of 19 Kids and Counting stars
An online video released Saturday night purported to show an Islamic State group militant behead Japanese journalist Kenji Goto, ending days of negotiations by diplomats to save the man.
Whitney Houston and Bobby Brown's daughter Bobbi Kristina was found unconscious in a bathtub at her...
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Phi Beta Delta International Forum
The honorary for international scholars, will present a panel of four ONU students speaking of their adventures studying abroad. Speakers will include:
Daniella Chambers, a senior Political Science major, who studied in Beijing, China last semester
Franklin Howard, a senior History Major, who spent the summer in Malta
Maria Schneider, a senior Biology major, who studied in Taiwan last semester
Brent Wolfzorn, a senior Accounting major, who studied at Hanyang University in South Korea
Studying abroad is a great opportunity to not only broaden your personal horizons, but can also help separate you from the pack of applicants after graduation. If you are interested in having similar adventures abroad, please join us to hear these students' tales of high adventure!