text:
How about NOT Firing Her?
Cathleen Kaveny February 6, 2014 - 9:25am
Over on the Deacon's Bench, Greg Kandra develops a public relations strategy on how to fire a pregnant unwed teacher at a Catholic school in a kindler, gentler way, so as to avoid bad publicity for the Catholic church.
I have another suggestion: you could just NOT fire her. The school has the option of not enforcing the contractual term in this particular case. It should consider exercising that option.
Everyone knows that St. Thomas Aquinas says that an unjust law is no law at all, but rather an act of violence (actually, Aquinas's reasoning is much more subtle on this question, but that is for another day). But he also says something that gets far less attention: a law that imposes a burden unequally upon members of the community is also an act of violence–even if it furthers the common good.
Contract law is private law, not public law, but I think that Thomas's insights are applicable by analogy here. The pregnant, unwed mother is no more guilty than the father–who cannot be as easily identified as she can. Nor is she more guilty than the more than 90 percent of people who have premarital sex, most of whom don't get "caught" by getting pregnant, and many of whom might be members of that school community. In fact, if statistics are correct, we are in a situation in which there is massive disregard for the principle that all sexual intimacy outside of marriage is seriously wrong. She is also more vulnerable than other people, since getting another job while dealing with the stress of a pregnancy, much less an unplanned pregnancy, is significant. So the burden of the moral law against fornication is applied unequally. Moreover, the Church should consider that it is arguably against the common good, since it will likely encourage people, not to refrain from premarital sex, but to obtain an abortion if they get pregnant.
My guess is that the contractual provision at issue is a general morals clause–saying that the teacher is obliged to conduct herself in accordance with Catholic moral teaching. Aquinas tells us that prudence is required in the interpretation and application of general laws. It's one thing to fire the Spanish and the French teacher, each married to other people, caught canoodling in the broom closet at school. It's another thing entirely to fire a single teacher, who presumably did not behave inappropriately at school, and whose only evidence of sexual impropriety is her pregnancy–which in our culture, should also be seen as evidence of moral courage. Rather than obtaining an abortion, which would have allowed her to keep her job by hiding evidence of sexual activity, she is going through with the pregnancy.
Some would say that the firing is necessary for pedagogical reasons: to "teach" the importance of Catholic teaching on sexual morality. But it would be good to ask a) is this the most effective way to communicate this message to young people; and b) is this line of action communicating other lessons that are inconsistent with other aspects of a Catholic worldview? My own view is this: in a world in which Catholic teaching on sexual matters is so widely dismissed, even by Catholics, this kind of necessarily selective enforcement is going to make Catholic teaching seem arbitrary and cruel. I appreciate Kandra's attempts to blunt the effects, but I still think they are there.
My second point is a bit more difficult to state. Catholic schools say they exist to support a total Catholic worldview. Well, Catholicism is a religion of "being," not a religion of "willing." Membership in the community depends upon, in most cases, baptism as an infant. The sacramental framework talks about ontological changes. You are part of the Catholic family–no matter what. That is the most deeply countercultural message the Church can convey in American culture, which has a deeply voluntarist strain–you say something wrong, you do something wrong, you're out of the club : we choose to exclude you or you choose to exclude yourself. (That's also why I'm so worried about the spread of evangelical Catholicism, which I think tends to turn Catholicism into one more American Christian sect.)
I think the message that firing this teacher conveys to the students is that they, too, are subject to being "fired" from the Catholic community if they misbehave in any way. After all, the little school is probably the main Catholic community they've known. For all the talk of love and understanding and forgiveness, in the end, it is a hard and abstract contractual provision–a sign of willing, not being–that counts the most. For all the talk of a rich and humble inner life, it is a wholesome appearance that matters most. (And they all know–we all know–people who appear beautiful and holy who are in fact deeply corrupt–c.f. Legion of Christ.)
And I would think that many students, and even many parents, might exercise their own wills and walk away from all this--not necessarily the morality, but the perceived meanness. Eduardo recently raised a similar issue, involving the firing of a vice principal of a Catholic school, who married another man. generating a firestorm of protest from the students.
It's probably not lost on the students or parents that sexual issues are the only issues that are enforced under the morals clause. Now, I'm not saying that you should fire a teacher for driving a Mercedes. But part of the message that the firings may be communicating is that sexual morality is important (a firing offense) and everything else, well, not so much. Is that really the message that these dioceses wish to convey?
I don't think the future of Catholic schools in the U.S. can be considered apart from these questions, at least in this era and context.
Commenting Guidelines
I think if a parent sends their child to a Catholic school there is the overt, or implied, understanding that the school will both in religious teaching and example of the staff reinforce the moral teachings of the Church. There doesn't seem to be enough detail about how and why this pregnancy (ie., sex outside of marriage) occured (rape, incest, co-habiting, just a deisre to have a child, ????), in clear violation of Catholic moral teaching (however ignored in society today), should be reacted to by the administration of this Catholic school. However, they cannot simply ignore it. A better reaction would be to suspend the teacher (with pay) and help her, if needed, through the months of pregnancy and thereafter. There could then be dialogue with the school administrators, the local pastor and the woman, with a final resolution of the situation delayed until after these outreaches.
I have heard the argument made, and there is certainly some truth to it, that a combination of cultural and technilogical if that is the correct term, changes have created a world were we simply need to look at sex and sexual morality and marriage in a whole new light. Just to highlight some, in the early Middle Ages, life expectancy was 30 or so, though that number would be higher accounting for those who survived past childhood. Childhood mortality was exceptionally high. Women married essentially at puberty. Even until the mid-20th Centruy it was only around 60. Further, until pretty recently, effective birth control was virtually unknown. Now people live until almost 80, birth control is readily available and very effective. Twelve year olds don't marry these days, at least in the west. Heck, in my group of friends from college, roughly half married within a year of graduation. Among my daughter's group of friends, exactly 2 have married 5 years after graduation and they married each other. Given these and other social and medical science changes, one could make a case that the whole basis for traditional sexual morality is no longer applicable. What made sense when people began engaging in sexual activity at 14 or 16 or 18, might not apply when the average age of marriage is 27 for women and 28 for men. Is demanding celibacy for an additional 5-10 years really a reasonable expectation? And given that effective contraception is now available, it is possible to separate sexual activity from both marriage and procreation. Life expectancy changes also come into play. Given the great increases in life expectency, it is at least reasonable to ask whether life long marriage is still a logical concept. In 1900, when life expectancy was 46 for men and 48 for women, if you married at 21 or 22 (slightly later than average), the typical couple would barely survive until their 25th anniversary. I think these are the kind of factors that are really underlying the current life style changes we see in the real world. It might be time to look at how we look at these things in a religious context and look to rethink what constitutes morality.
Claire --
The course of evolution does have its wisdom. Children need both mother and father, so the child has a right to both. To choose ahead of time that my child would not have a father would be to deprive it of one of life's greatest goods. And that is very, very wrong.
Claire- I feel the same way you do, I think I would have to take my children out of a school that did this.
But in cases like this, I hear a lot of strong comments about what is the wrong thing to do- its wrong to fire the teacher. Ok, so that's what not to do'; then what to do? I don't think it works to say the school is wrong to have these values, or to claim that the people who send their children to the school don't really embrace these values. I think we need to figure out a way to respect everyone involved and the difficulties they're presented with - the teacher, the school administrator, the parents, and most of all, as John Borst's comments emphasized, the children.
Given these and other social and medical science changes, one could make a case that the whole basis for traditional sexual morality is no longer applicable
Or that there is more than ever a need for the sanity and holiness of traditional sexual morality.
What made sense when people began engaging in sexual activity at 14 or 16 or 18, might not apply when the average age of marriage is 27 for women and 28 for men. Is demanding celibacy for an additional 5-10 years really a reasonable expectation?
It's a hard demand, but I doubt it's harder for us or our children than it was for our grandparents. For us as for them, if we don't get a 100 on the exam, as is the case in so many areas of our lives, forgiveness is abundantly available. This seems to me a better approach to living than to settle for promiscuity as a norm.
That's what I'm trying to teach my children. Pretty sure I'm not alone.
And I agree with Jim Dunn, we need to re-examine our standards of sexual morality.
I agree with Claire - it does especially bother me that the Catholic church teaches this stuff because it's my religion. If it was some other religion, I'd probably find it quaint. But it's not just that - it's also that the Catholic church also seems bent on pushing its beliefs on everuone else as well. How would we feel, for instance, if Jehovah's Witnesses ran a quarter of the countries hospitals and the rest of us couldn't get blood transfusions?
Children need loving parents. If that's a mother and father: good. If it's a mother and mother: good. If a father and father: good. If a mother or father only: it depends on the situation and access to other support.
But what the children need is being raised in a healthy and loving environment, not just by a man and a woman. With the success rate of traditional marriages (about 40 to 50 percent of married couples in the United States divorce, and the divorce rate for subsequent marriages is even higher ... http://www.apa.org/topics/divorce/), the incidences of child and spousal abuse, alcoholism, drug use, ad nauseum, having a mother and a father is no guarantee of being raised any better or healthier than in healthier and more supportive alternative situations.
A situation like this is made more difficult in that it involves a civil "contract" and the church and how it treats sinners, which everyone is. Yes, there is a contract but in civil society there are things than can affect the performance of the contract's provisions, unanticipated at the time of signing. To make matters harder, this is the CHURCH putting a pregnant women out on the street--no job, no income (and the difficulty of finding other employment while pregnant) and very likely no health insurance. As many commenters have said, would we want her to have an abortion in order to keep her job?
And let's face it, this discriminates against women, who carry the visible pregnancy, and protects the father because he is able to keep having impregnated a woman private.
I don't have the perfect solution.
Jim Pawels,
I don't think "promiscuity needs to be the norm." I'm suggesting though that we need to re-examine the whole ethic and see where it fits given the massive changes in how we live. A different sexual ethic, somewhere between celebacy until married and promiscuity seems to me to be worth examining. My sense is that it is what is now emerging, whether we like it or not.
And while I agree with you that the demands are just as hard between our grandparents and our children, the differences are that many, too. My grandparents were married 20 and 18, and 21 and 19. Before they married none of them lived outside their parents homes. My daughter is 26 and lives on her own 6 states away. By the time they reached her age, both sets of grandparents had been married for almost a decade and had multiple children. And safe, effective birth control was simply not an option for my grandparents. Wasn't just not available. It didn't exist. Hadn't been invented. For the first ime in history, it is possible to separate sex from procreation. That might be a gamechanger. I would argue that it certainly changes the way you analyze the problem. I don't know if you come to a different end result, but I think it is a discussion worth having. Now it is just happening.
The course of evolution does have its wisdom. Children need both mother and father, so the child has a right to both. To choose ahead of time that my child would not have a father would be to deprive it of one of life's greatest goods. And that is very, very wrong.
So I take it, Ann, that you do not think same-sex couple should have children?
Jim P
I don't know what the answer is, for what it is worth. But I have given this a lot of thought and it is pretty clear to me that the existing moral code is not longer applicable. I think we need to look at a new sexual ethic that works in a very different world.
Has any commentator or authority of note (or soemthing akin to note) come forward to say that they support the firing and its terms? Normally, there is side rejecting the outrage, but I just haven't seen it here.
And, though I'm no big city lawyer, isn't the school going to get wrecked in any civil suit?
then what to do?
There are plenty of natural negative consequences for the teacher, which the school or parents could point out to the students: She'll have less money (think about the cost of daycare). She'll have more constraints (no more going out on the spur of the moment). She'll be less desirable for dates (who wants to date a woman with a little kid in tow?). She'll be spending a lot of her time off work taking the child to the playground, to playdates, to birthday parties. She'll have to spend a lot less time reading, sleeping, exercising, or whatever else she likes to do for herself. In short, she'll be parenting, sacrificing part of her life for her child's well-being. Because of the absence of another adult in charge of parenting, she won't have any time off from it. The responsibility will be entirely hers: she won't be able to be sick, for example. She may have to turn down job opportunities, if they conflict with her child's schedule, and she won't have the flexibility that comes from sharing the parenting. Being a single parent is no picnic, and it shouldn't be hard to show that to the students. I'm not sure why additional action is needed to drive the point home.
As to what to do, the school might: encourage the teacher to try to get child support from the father; give her a generous maternity leave; give her a favorable teaching schedule as much as possible while the child is a baby. If they do some anti-abortion stuff, they might choose her to represent them at some event. The parents might: give her some of their leftover baby stuff. The students might: offer babysitting services.
Do we have any more details? On the pregnancy? On the 'firing?'
What were the terms of the firing? Was there severance pay? Was there an offer to help her in this vulnerable position?
Abe, without seeing the terms of the contract, it is hard to tell the possible outcome of the civil suit. But,precedent legally is on the school's side. The moral question is less clear cut.
Has any commentator or authority of note (or soemthing akin to note) come forward to say that they support the firing and its terms?
Yesterday, the Superintendent of Catholic Schools defended the decision. Talks about a "contractual obligation with our teachers" as if they had no choice.
He doesn't convince me
BUTTE – The Diocese of Helena is defending its decision to fire an unwed Butte Central Catholic Schools teacher because she is pregnant....
Shaela Evenson taught sixth-, seventh- and eighth-grade literature and physical education at the school for the past nine years. She was dismissed Jan. 10 after the Helena diocese received an anonymous letter about her pregnancy.
Superintendent of Catholic schools Patrick Haggarty defended the decision in a Wednesday interview with the Montana Standard.
"It's not easy being a Christian or a Catholic in today's world," Haggarty said in a phone interview. "Our faith asks us to do things that right now are not popular with society. I'm really OK, I'm not comfortable, but I'm OK with what's transpired. Being a Christian is this way; we're asked to do things that are not popular with our society."
When asked about how Francis has handled cases of unwed mothers:
"The Holy Father certainly understands the sacrament of marriage and certainly is compassionate and understanding, and so is the diocese in Helena," the superintendent said. "... I think that the connection between what the Holy Father has done, which is an incredible act of kindness, is not the same as what we face with a contractual obligation with our teachers. I'm sure that the woman that he blessed is a wonderful person, as is Shaela, but the woman just didn't agree to teach in a Catholic school."
Jim D - I guess my view is that the traditional Christian moral code for unmarrieds always has been an ideal, one that never has been universally abided by. Traditionally, failing to abide by it - particularly for women - meant taking on two risks, one spiritual, the other social. The church, concerned with the spiritual aspect, offers sacramental forgiveness as a remedy. From a spiritual aspect, this dynamic of a difficult ideal, coupled with forgiveness for those who don't abide by it, still seems workable to me.
I agree with you that advances in technology have changed things considerably for the social risk, in that the social penalties for not abiding by the code, particularly for women, are considerably reduced, and so many fewer abide by it now. Whether women and men also don't fear the spiritual penalties as as much as was the case a few generations ago, is an interesting question to which I don't really know the answer.
I think the church should continue to put forth its traditional moral code for unmarrieds, as one component of a holistic approach to marriage and sex, as an ideal that is achievable (even if not everyone abides by it all the time), and that brings about both spiritual and social goods. Ideally, unmarried people will stay chaste, and there will be no reason for such people who are achieving that ideal to contracept or abort. Because not everyone will abide by the church's code, even among the church's own disciples, and because technology reduces the social pressures to abide by the code, it's equally important that the church takes people 'as they are'. My original entry into this discussion was to note that there are a lot of practical, pragmatic benefits both for individuals and for society if young unmarrieds try to abide by the traditional moral code. Fewer abortions certainly is one. It's not difficult to think of others.
What Ann Landers and Dear Abby (plagiarizing from each other) used to say: a church is a hospital for sinners, not a museum for saints.
Somehow this brings to mind Joseph staying with Mary. He recognized what he thought should be done and did it. And then they got on with their lives. Thankfully.
Wisdom from the blogsite of one of the periodic commenters here: http://catholicsensibility.wordpress.com/2014/02/07/montana-teaching/
A general comment about mercy, overlooking certain situations, effects on children, the compassion of pre-Vatican II nuns and how sexual issues are NOT all that defines us. My mother never married in the church, had 4 children whom she sent to Catholic schools at great expense and personal sacrifice. She taught us that being Catholic was more important that anything else, and she did this primarily by example , then by insisting that we follow the tenets of our faith.
The good nuns knew my mother was not only married civilly but then divorced. So, for all intent and purposes, in the 1950s she was an unwed mother. 12 years of Catholic school with nuns for my 2 sisters and me and 8 years of nuns and 4 years of Jesuits for my brother and my mother's sex life never came into play. I believe that it's the people at the top that get caught up with sex and its consequences and can't see past that except when it comes to the sex abuse issue. Morals overs more than sex and those other issues can sometimes cause more harm.
Elia: one does have to wonder about those who obsess about that in which they (theoretically) are not allowed to partake.
Jim Pauwels, the problem with that approach is that it worked for the legendary high school boy who had sex Friday night, confessed on Saturday and received Communion with his family on Sunday - then did it all over the next week.
it doesn't work for people who are cohabiting, remarried without an annument, taking contraceptives daily or who just don't feel they believe what they did was wrong and can express a "firm purpose of amendment".
I have a friend who says she left the Church years ago because, as she says, she "felt she was going to hell" even though she kept going to retreats. Later she joined an evangelical church that teaches "once saved, always saved" and now she is at peace with herself.
Maybe we need to think a bit about what is a mortal sin versus a venial sin and be clearer about subjective sin versus objective sin.
When I first saw this headline yesterday, I went directly to a video of a reporter at the school. A section of the video included a short portion of a phone interview with the superintendent of the Catholic Schools for the diocese. I was so shocked by what he said, I replayed the video several time to "transcribe" exactly what he said.
"We as Catholic School employees have the obligation to teach the moral and religious teaching of the Catholic Church.
We want all our children to get to heaven, and they've gotta be dog gone smart when they get there.
The reality is that we believe that we get to heaven by following the moral teaching standards of the Catholic Faith."
John Hayes - thanks for the follow up to the link and article quoting the superintendent (of course, assuming that the news report is accurate in terms of his statement)
Here is my two cents again:
Superintendent is operating in the *orthodox* church mode - unilateral power blessed by thinking that God speaks through church laws, bishops, etc. with complete certainty. Unilateral power is always:
Top Down
Power Over (rather than power with)
Subject to Object
Communicator Supreme
Zero Sum
Contrast this with the gospel narratives and the relational power of Jesus:
Collegial (not top down)
Subject to Subject
Conversation that at its core has listening
IMO, we should be experiencing the power of the gospel - not the power of unilateral control.
What do we teach children, the local community, parents if the law of the ruler takes precedence over our gospel imperative to treat the other with dignity, love, and mercy.
From Francis:
Key phrases that impact this incident:
"It is important to realize that today many couples live together without getting married and have children, then later marry in a registry office, with some opting for a church marriage, the pope explained. The church must take this way of life seriously and accompany the couples on their way, Francis underlined. His basic message was "Don't judge, but look closely and listen very carefully," Schönborn said."
"For the most part, the church approaches the [family] issue unhistorically," he said. "People have always lived together in various ways. And today, we in the church tacitly live with the fact that the majority of our young people, including those with close ties to the Catholic church, quite naturally live together. The simple fact is that the environment has changed."
"..... real life told a different story, the cardinal said. "The great challenge is to span a bridge between what we long for and what we succeed in achieving." It was a case of bringing truth and mercy together, he said."
Just to let you know, it was a recording. It was his voice you heard. Even the attitude came through.
"It is important to realize that today many couples live together without getting married and have children, then later marry in a registry office, with some opting for a church marriage, the pope explained. The church must take this way of life seriously and accompany the couples on their way, Francis underlined.
I'm glad to hear that from the Pope.
"Accompanying people on their way" is what we need to work on.
Abe --
I think that there is no settled answer yet to the question of homosexual parents because there have been so few examples. We just don't know what the consequences are likely to be. I suspect that it is better to have a mother and a father because it seems that a people need models of both as they grow. But who knows, two of the same kind might also have some other advantage to compensate.
I would expect that two parents of any combination would be better for a child than only one, not to mention the difficulties the single parent her/himslef has because of raising a child alone.
I agree with John Hayes that the whole question of sin -- its kinds, degrees, whatever -- needs to be throught through again, particularly sexual morality. But I don't see any evidence that human nature has changed enough to make us revise our views of what the basic human goals and problems reaching them. Yes, contexts change, but human nature? I'll believe it when I see it.
Claire --
You say this isn't about chastity. We maybe it shouldn't be, but in this Puritan land where The Scarlet Letter reinforces everyone's notion that sex outside of marriage should result in serious shunning, it is for many people exactly about chastity. Maybe The Scarlet Letter should be banned from the high schools.
Ann Oliver, Apparently The Scarlet Letter is banned pretty often. The National Council of Teachers of English put together a list of books that are often banned, even though they are on the Library of Congress list of "Books that Made America," and The Scarlet Letter appears there in alphabetical order. Said the National Council:
According to many critics, Hawthorne should have been less friendly toward his main character, Hester Prynne (in fairness, so should have minister Arthur Dimmesdale). One isn't surprised by the moralist outrage the book caused in 1852. But when, one hundred and forty years later, the book is still being banned because it is sinful and conflicts with community values, you have to raise your eyebrows. Parents in one school district called the book "pornographic and obscene" in 1977. Clearly this was before the days of the World Wide Web.
If I repeat what others have said, please excuse the repitition.
It is evident that the teaher in question was following Church teachings on contraception. It is said we teach better by what we do, than by what we say. Words are cheap, actions are final. Her being pregnant at school and taking leave, possibly in the middle of class, to adjourn to the delivery room, would speak in context to the unnecessary nature of abortion, and contraception would be repudiated, not by words, but by deed.
The school, oddly enough, has just encouraged this young woman to get an abortion. Childbirth is not inexpensive, and her income has just tanked. This too is not words of the school, but deed. We do not know what her circumstances are, what other support she may or may not have. But as at least one other has noted, her finding a job while pregnant will be even more difficult than it already is in the present day of high unemployment and few jobs.
We also do not know the circumstances of her getting pregnant, which can range anywhere from another of many one-night stands; through a boyfriend who is a soldier who just died in Afghanistan, ending their plans for a marriage during his next leave; to a forceable rape.
Absent facts, we are left to speculate how severe the consequences for this young woman are. Were she my daughter or granddaugher, she would be welcome in my home. But she is not, nor do we live near each other at all.
I remember the words of our Holy Father respecting another issue: "If someone is gay and he searches for the Lord and has good will, who am I to judge?"
If a young women is with child arising from to-us unknown circumstances, who are we to judge?
Ann: yes. I meant that my own outrage is not about chastity. I don't get riled up because some people are chaste, and I don't disapprove of chastity. That is one more step in the sex-saturated culture that I'm not willing to take.
Until the Boston Globe blew the lid off the clergy sex-abuse scandal, the Church always managed to find another job for any priest, even one who was known to be a predator, as long as he wanted to stay in ministry. The typical explanation, culled from various bishops' depositions: the Church is in the business of forgiving sin.
But the Montana teacher is fired, even though for all we know she had sex only once, never took a vow of celibacy, and didn't force herself on a minor. The double standard is alive and well.
John Hayes, thank you for sharing the quotes from Superintendent Haggarty. He doesn't convince me either; in fact it is very clear that he is simply hidding behind the contract, one incidently that has not been revealed.
But from an administrative perspective there is much more that smells about this dismissal. Prime among the smelly aspects is the simple fact that the superintendent acted on an anonymous complaint. The standard practice, except in a very narrow range of circumstances,is to take anonymous complaints and simply throw them in the basket.
A common characteristic of anonymous complaints is that they usually come from third parties. I have not been able to find out if that happened in this case. I make this assumption because sufficient time has passed for the the teacher Shaela Evenson to become visibly pregnant. It is reasonable to assume then that, had the complaintant not come forward, that neither the principal nor the superintendent were planning to take any action. No doubt the principal was well aware of her condition long before the complaint surfaced and either didnot report her to the superintendent and if he did, neither took action.
The principal describes Evenson as an "excellent teacher". Now he has to find a new teacher to teach grade 6, 7 & 8. That is not as easy as it sounds. I learned that lesson as a Grade seven student. In Grade seven, my 'excellent teacher" contracted TB and never came back after Christmas. We then went through 4 teachers in the next 2 months. The one that stuck it out was not a good teacher, just determined that we were not going to defeat her. [I know that because 9 years later I walked into a staff room during recess and a supply/replacement teacher was regaling the staff with this story about how she had had this terrible class and she didn't them defeat her....as I listened I realized she was talking about my class so I interrupted and asked her if such and such a boy was in that class, and then other and an other and everyone clued in] The point I'm making obviously is that the real loosers in this little morality game 9 times out of 10 are the children.
This also smells because the superintendent had other options open to him which he did not use. He could have arranged for her to take a leave of absence (preferably with pay) for 2 or 3 months to have the baby. The anonymous complainer would have seen her gone and by the time she returned the whole thing would have blown over.
Alternatively, the superintendent could have provided an alternative assignment, in head office away from public view and achieved the same result.
You have all provided sound reasons from a Catholic perspective on why this decision failed on Christian grounds. I've simply been trying to show that it has failed on educational and adminsitrative grounds as well.
[The ideal of the church's moral code] doesn't work for people who are cohabiting, remarried without an annument, taking contraceptives daily or who just don't feel they believe what they did was wrong and can express a "firm purpose of amendment".
People who are cohabiting, remarried without an annulment or taking contraceptives daily are not abiding by the church's moral code. It's not that the code "doesn't work", it's that they've chosen not to follow it. To note this isn't to condemn people in these situations; it's just a factual description.
That some, even many, people choose not to follow the ideal of the moral code doesn't mean that the moral code has no validity or is unrealistic for everyone.
The church must meet such people where they are. Not condemn them, not set preconditions for membership - it must meet them where they are.
The church has life-giving remedies for those situations, to realign those folks with the moral code e.g. get married, stop cohabiting, get an annulment, stop taking contraception. People get married, stop cohabiting, get annulments, and stop taking contraception all the time - it is no exaggeration to say that these things happen every day. There is nothing unrealistic about any of these things.
However, these things do require that people re-examine their lives, their assumptions, their values. It requires that they change. This is, in fact, part and parcel of "accompanying them on their journey" - meeting them where they are, and then inviting them to direct their journey toward deeper discipleship. In my view, "accompanying them on their journey" doesn't mean " blessing, praising and promoting their sinful choices".
Having followed the comment thread and rereading Greg Kandra's piece cited in the article, I believe Kandra's advice is just right, not just as "public relations," but also as the right Catholic Christian moral approach to this vexing situation. Just "not firing her" is not a viable response. The Catholic moral teaching on sex outside of marriage, at least until when and if it is changed, must be upheld by a Catholic school; so, dismissal is fully justified. However, how that dismissal takes place, with support and compassion for the pregnant woman, is also essential in upholding a total Catholic Christian response: severance pay, continuation of medical benefits, counseling if requested, etc., as Kendra recommends.
In terms of public relations, I think the Church should set up a sort of assembly line of cute kids, animals, and disabled people for the pope to kiss--keep 'em coming, and the good will generated might be able to keep up with the bad stuff.
Thank you, Angela for pointing out that the emperor has no clothes.
And it seems very likely that there is more hypocrisy going on in this situation besides the unwarranted righteousness of those who continuously give a pass to bishops who protected child molesters. Is there hypocrisy in action in the school itself? How many of the faculty are breaking the "morals" clause and living as Catholics "should"? Are polygraphs going to become standard operating procedure to weed out all of those staff members who violate the "morals" clause in the contract?
How many have engaged in extra-marital sex, whether married or single? Do any of the men watch or buy porn? Is sex the only "morals" factor that "counts'? Do they inquire as to whether anyone abuses a family member, physically or emotionally? Do they ask if anyone cheats on their income taxes? Do they check to see how many give to charity? How many drink too much or smoke pot or abuse prescription painkillers or other substances? Are any members of the faculty obese and perhaps guilty of gluttony, a capital sin? How about those who judge, who throw stones, who paint the scarlet letter on a single pregnant woman? Any capital sins involved with the judgment and condemnation of another for her "sin"? Does "pride" come to mind?
Plus ça change...
Decades ago, when I was a teen-ager in a very small, public school (300 students), one of the young female teachers suddenly vanished. She was pregnant. She vanished, but her boyfriend, another young teacher, remained. This was a public school, she was a Southern Baptist, and the teacher who was the father of her baby was a Catholic, a recent graduate of a Jesuit university in a nearby city. But this was the 60s and even though this was a public school, she was forced to leave (I don't know if it was her own decision or if the school fired her), while he was free to continue his life as always. When the girlfriend of the high school's hero quarterback got pregnant, her father quit his job, the family sold their house, and they moved hundreds of miles away because of the condemnation and judgment they faced for their daughter's "immorality". The boyfriend continued to be cheered at Friday night games and was honored at the sports banquet.
It's still Hester who pays the price while Dimmesdale gets off.
....plus c'est le même chose.
What does "pro-life" actually mean to Catholics who would fire a single pregnant woman?
Are they going to continue to pay her? Will her health care benefit continue to be susidized? I really would like to know the answers to these questions, because it is important knowing how to "judge" the decision of the Judges in this case.
What a "teaching moment"! What will the young students remember down the road in 4-6 years? Will some be frightened away from pre-marital sex because of what happened to their teacher? Probably some will, especially while still in high school. But, govt data indicates that at least 95% will become sexually active within about 2 years after high school. Perhaps, remembering this teacher, most will use reliable birth control.
But what of those some who do slip up and get pregnant? Will any young woman who finds herself pregnant and single, remembering what happened to her teacher when she was in middle school, decide that she may have little choice but to keep quiet and have an abortion? Will she think that an abortion is the only option because she would not then have to face judgment and condemnation within her Catholic community, risk becoming an outcast, and perhaps also have to deal with derailing her education, her job, her life. Will she be be able to support herself or will she be looking at a lifetime of poverty for herself and her child?
So, one lesson may have been learned by the students in the school and community - if you're going to have sex while single, make sure you are using reliable birth control every single time! And if you get pregnant while single, don't expect any compassion, support or help from the Catholic community - there is a better chance that these will be found in the secular world instead.
What other lessons are being internalized? In a few more years, even the 6th graders will be out of high school. How many will become "nones'? Studies of the skyrocketing numbers of "nones" and "spiritual but not religious" have discovered that while most do believe in God, and in "morality", they refuse to have anything to do with what they see as the institutionalized hypocrisy of organized religion. How many future "nones" have been created by this decision? Young people's understanding of 'morality" has less to do with sexual behavior than with how one treats other human beings. These students will always remember how the Catholic authorities treated this young woman.
A Christ-like response would have been to find a way to preserve the woman's livelihood, ensure her health and welfare as well as that of her coming child, and model true compassion. A couple of people suggested that she begin maternity leave now, with full pay and benefits. A good idea. And maybe the school could also throw her a shower.
Abe: ... and pregant women! See picture number 10 on http://www.who2.com/blog/2013/07/pope-francis-on-gay-people-who-am-i-to-judge
Anne C, good response except for this little onesided view. "Do any of the men watch or buy porn?" In this era I think it fair to ask Do any of the men or women watch or buy porn?
I have another question for this group? Do you think the same complaint would have occurred if the person had been the school secretary or custodian? Hmmmm.....I doubt it.
Hypocrisy abounds. The land of the 'nones' looks awfully inviting.
John B, you are right - I stand corrected. From what I have read in the press, about 30% of those who use porn are women.
As far as becoming a "none" or SBNR goes, why would anyone be surprised that this is becoming the spirituality of choice for so many, especially for the young who have grown up with no escape from the assaults of the culture wars"? I am a woman in my 60s and I'm so turned off by the culture wars, especially those within the Catholic church and also outside of it, promulgated mostly by the bishops , that I can barely stay "churched". I finally sought a (perhaps temporary, perhaps permanent) haven in the Episcopal church because I could no longer live with my conscience in supporting the Catholic church in so many things, but especially because of this - it is a church whose top leadership has STILL refused to hold a single bishop accountable for enabling the sexual abuse of young people. It is a church whose top leadership STILL permits Bishop Finn to retain his position, and still has failed to honor the request of the Dominican Republic to extradite the Papal Nuncio to face charges there of procuring boys for sex - hiding behind the Vatican's "diplomatic immunity".
But, there is no outrage about this among Catholics in everyday life it seems, nor among those in postitions of "leadership". Instead, they fire teachers who are pregnant while single, who marry their gay partners, who dare express an opinion not in conformity with the "magisterium" such as the notion that women are fully made in God's image and to deny them a sacrament because of gender is a sin. Daring to speak out about this and similar matters means risking one's job. But if you are a bishop and you hid the crimes of your priests by transferring them from parish to parish and school to school, it's just fine. The job is secure for bishops UNLESS they too dare suggest that women should have access to the sacrament of Holy Orders. Then they may be gone - just ask Bishop Morris of Australia.
But I'm getting off subject - except that all of these situations - firing the teacher, firing the Bishop in Australia, and failing to hold accountable bishops who facilitated sexual abuse - have one thing in common - they are unchristian examples of sheer hypocrisy.
it really is too bad that teachers in Catholic schools in the U.S. have not organized themselves into a National Catholic Teachers' Union. Then maybe Superintendent's would think twice about taking such action.
And Wayne Sheridan, as most here understand firing was NOT the ONLY option. It is only in the mind of those who see the world in black and white terms.
Anne, we are birds of a feather, or should I say Catholic birds of a feather!
I agree with clare free. Why not be pro-life? Show support for this teacher by keeping her in her current poistion and send the students a message. Not only would the young women and men hear that staetment, but they would have a very real example of difficulties of pregnancy and of single household parenting. The younger students may also get to experience some of the joy one receives by caring for infants and toddlers with mother and child close by.
Jim Pauwels wrote, quoting me, [The ideal of the church's moral code] doesn't work for....
Jim, I'm sorry I wasn't clear and you misunderstood what I wrote, but the bit you added in brackets isn't what I was referring to.
What I was trying to get across is that saying that confession is always available doesn't work for people who are in situations that they feel unable to change.
My sense of Francis statement was that we should accompany those people on their way and welcome them rather than pushing them away.
i can see from your post that you are doing that accompanying,
i do worry about the attitude that we should set very high goals that we know you will often not be able to meet - and will commit you to Hell when you do - but it's OK because you can always go to confession.
That's what I was trying to say doesn't work for everyone
That's why I said "Maybe we need to think a bit about what is [objectively] a mortal sin versus a venial sin and be clearer about subjective sin versus objective sin."
"it is a church whose top leadership has STILL refused to hold a single bishop accountable for enabling the sexual abuse of young people. It is a church whose top leadership STILL permits Bishop Finn to retain his position,"
The bishop should retain his position, the teacher should not.
Complexity . . .
I have another question for this group? Do you think the same complaint would have occurred if the person had been the school secretary or custodian? Hmmmm.....I doubt it.
Fontbonne Academy (Catholic girls school), in Boston, has had a discrimination complaint filed against it because they hired a new food services manager after several interviews, and then fired him (or "withdrew the job offer") two days later, when he listed his husband as his emergency contact.
"She said the Catholic religion doesn't recognize same-sex marriage, and that was her excuse. She said, 'We cannot hire you,' " Barrett said in an interview in the Boston offices of Gay & Lesbian Advocates & Defenders, which is representing him.
Ann O said "Complexity . . ."
You did mean hypocrisy, didn't you? Or clerical privilige, or "good old boy network" self-protection, or any number of other terms.
About the Author
Cathleen Kaveny is the Darald and Juliet Libby Professor in the Theology Department and Law School at Boston College.


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Michael confesses, Carly and Sonny worry for their son, Olivia tries to keep everyone safe, and Lulu is there for Dante.
On the stand, Michael admits he killed Claudia and recounts that night's events. The judge commends Michael for cooperating with the court and then asks him a final question: When he struck Claudia, was he trying to kill her? He answers that he didn't care what happened to Claudia, he just wanted to protect his mother and sister. The judge again commends Michael and then Dante for abiding by the law on this case. He remands Michael into custody to await sentencing on Friday and no petition for bail will be heard. Dante gets up and asks if he could handle the procedure. The judge allows it and Dante arrests his brother and leads him away. The judge tells Sonny he is free to go for the time being, but reminds them all that charges could be brought against him and Carly and anyone else in the court, including both lawyers, who had a part in the cover up. Court is adjourned and Claire tells Jax they are probably all in more trouble than Michael is. She does think that Michael could get a suspended sentenced though, but Carly probably won't be so lucky. Across the room, Sonny tries to reassure Carly that Michael will be okay, but all an angry Carly can see is that her son was handcuffed by his illegitimate son.
Carly and Sonny continue to argue outside the courtroom. Afterwards, Carly runs into Lulu, and Tracy walks up as Carly rips into her cousin. Tracy defends Lulu saying Carly only has herself to blame for all this misery because she brought Michael into Sonny's world. Tracy says Lulu chose to be loyal to the man she loves, which can't even compare to what Carly has done in the name of loyalty to Sonny. Carly wonders if Tracy would be so quick to defend her had Dante arrested Luke.
Back in the courtroom, the judge dismisses the jury and Diane congratulates Sonny on being a free man.
Olivia finds Sonny outside and urges him to protect Dante from Jason. Sonny will make sure Dante is safe, but lashes out at her for keeping Dante from him, so now they are in this mess. Olivia counters that this is happening to Michael because of him - because he is toxic to his children. Sonny knows he has made mistakes, but he has done the best he could for his kids. She urges him to keep Dante safe and turn things around for all his children by calling Jason off.
Olivia goes to Johnny's place where he informs her he will be going after Sonny. Olivia tries to persuade him to leave it alone, but Johnny says now that Sonny's distracted, it's a perfect time to crush him.
At the penthouse, Jason orders Spinelli to get information on which cops are on their payroll to make sure Michael is treated well. Once Spinelli is done with his task, Jason tells Spinelli he wants him to go with Bernie to the Caribbean to handle some financial restructuring. Spinelli realizes he wants him out of town so he will have deniability for when he goes after Dante. Spinelli urges him not to kill Dante because Sonny and the kids will never forgive him and the killing needs to stop.
Dante brings Michael to the station, who asks why he outed him. Dante explains he was just doing his job, but he was also trying to help him as well. Michel worries he will sentenced to prison, but Dante reminds him he was a minor at the time and has brain damage so he will be get a suspended sentenced and forced to go to therapy, but then he can work on having a better life.
Carly waits in the interrogation room for Michael, as Dante walks in. He tries to explain why he turned Michael in and is confident Michael won't do any prison time. Carly doesn't want anything to do with him - she just wants to see her son. Michael is brought in and an emotional Carly embraces him. Dante leaves and Michael tries to explain why he confessed. Carly assures him she isn't mad and calls him brave. She says they will get through this and declares they will get him home on Friday. She urges him not to trust Dante, but Michael assures her he will be okay. A cop comes to take Michael back to lock up and he asks his mother to tell his siblings he is okay and that he loves them. She hugs Michael and tells him to take care of himself.
Sonny comes to Michael's cell and they both explain themselves to each other. They also express their respect for one another, but Michael says he did this and he has to face it. Jason walks up and hears Michael assure his father he can do this and will make him proud.
Carly goes home and explains things to Morgan, who gets emotional. She assures him Michael is okay and will be home soon. He knows she's scared though, but she tells him she just wants this to be over. He says it will be because Dante promised.
Dante comes home where Lulu is waiting for him. He's glad to see her and they have a beer as they discuss the day's events. He thanks her for having faith in him and she says she loves him for doing what he thinks is right. Dante is confident the judge will allow Michael to go free.
Next on General Hospital:
Jason and Jax are consumed with guilt.
Skye offers Jax some advice.
Dante and Lulu consummate their relationship.
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This two-story arched wooden structure once held 25 drums which, in combination with bells in the Bell Tower, were once used to indicate the time of day. Only one drum remains today, which is beaten four times a day for 15 minutes.
Located only a few hundred meters from the existing Summer Palace, these ruins used to be a grand palace and park built under the Qing emperors in the 18th century, but was later destroyed by French and British troops during the Second Opium War (1860-1862).
This lovely wooded park is a favourite of Beijingers, especially in autumn to see the maple trees with their striking red leaves ( it's traditional to collect them). Walk thru the lower areas spotted with pavilions & temples and winding paths to wander around, or take the cable car up to the top for some views of the surrounding hilly countryside.
Song Qingling was the wife of Sun Yat Sen, she loved China & her former home, on the northern side of Hou Hai lake, houses memorabilia. The gardens surrounding the house a lovely.
Originally built in 1302 and used as a place for sacrifices to Confucius during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, this former temple lost its religious function during the "bourgeois revolution" in 1912 and currently houses the Capital Museum.
Eight huge astronomical instruments are displayed on an elevated platform at this observatory, which was used during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is one of the oldest observatories in the world.
Note: This information was accurate when it was published, but can change without notice. Please be sure to confirm all rates and details directly with the companies in question before planning your trip.
Annie and Hamish are based in Australia and have travelled extensively. They have a passion for China and visit Beijing and other Chinese regions for business and pleasure.


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This is a light amber DME from Briess Malting Company suitable for brewing, bottling and baking. Excellent for making yeast starters. This is a non diastatic dry extract produced from 100 % organic malted barley. Unhopped, with no additives or preservatives. Certified organic under the USDA National Organic Program by California Certified Organic Farmers.
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Organic DME, 1 Lb. Bag -
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Organic DME, 50 Lb. Sack -


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Snow sprinkles portions of Central Carolina
Despite several scattered inches of snow throughout Lee County Saturday, a majority of the snow will melt with warmer temperatures scheduled for today and Monday.
"It should be in the low-to-mid 40s (Sunday)," said Lee County Emergency Services Director Shane Seagroves. "Once the sun comes out, it will be gone fairly quickly."
Snow fell sporadically throughout Lee County and most of Central Carolina Saturday, he said.
There were places that saw anywhere from one to two inches, while in others it spots it seemed there had been no snow at all, Seagroves said.
Throughout Saturday night, Lee County could expect another inch or two and drivers would need to use caution driving at night and in the early morning, he said.
"There are chances of black ice," Seagroves said. "Anything on the roads has the potential to turn to ice and people need to be especially careful on the bridges and overpasses."
As of Saturday afternoon, there were no reported outages or weather-related accidents, he said.


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Middle age is when you choose your cereal for the fiber, not the toy.
Middle age is when you choose your cereal for the fiber, not the toy.
How much fiber should we be getting? If you believe the television commercials that run during the nightly news, we're not even coming close to getting what we need. Should we be taking pills or drinks or some other supplements to satisfy our fiber needs? I thought maybe I should be, until I went to the store and saw that a small can of a national brand of fiber costs over $12. $12? For something that is literally going to run right through me? Currently, all my extra disposable income is slated to run through the gas tank of my car, not my body, so I decided to take a look at foods that could beef up my fiber intake.
First off, let's look at what the big deal about fiber is anyway. I used to think of fiber as stringy, ropy stuff, like the threads in celery or cabbage. But fiber has actually become a catchall term for any indigestible material that we consume, not all of which is actually fibrous. Cellulose, the building block of much of the fleshy part of fruits and veggies, is an example of non-fibrous fiber. There is soluble fiber, which dissolves in water and helps stabilize blood sugar by slowing the rate of digestion. There is also insoluble fiber, which, as its name would suggest, does not dissolve in water—although it does attract water in the intestinal tract and, well, without getting too graphic, is responsible for the trains running on time, keeping the mail moving, releasing the payload, etc. Most importantly, more and more studies are linking a high-fiber diet to a decreased risk of heart disease and diabetes.
For optimal health, nutritionists recommend 30 to 38 grams of fiber every day for men and 21 to 25 grams of fiber every day for women. You can find the fiber content in labeled food as a subcategory under carbohydrates. If you're counting carbs, you can always subtract the amount of fiber from the total number of carbs, because the fiber will only be visiting your body for a little while, unlike the sugars, which, if not burned for fuel, will likely end up stored as fat. Most studies indicate that Americans don't get nearly enough fiber, especially with the proliferation of processed foods filled with white flour, which is made only from the fiber-less endosperm of the grain, with none of the bran and germ parts of the grain that provide the fiber. In fact, if you read labels, it's pretty rare to find any prepared food that has more than a gram or two of fiber. It can make you despair if you think about having to get to the 25 to 38 grams you need every day. So how can you get your daily dose of fiber without eating yourself into a coma? There are some fiber-rich superfoods that can help get you to your daily recommended allowance, without the coma.
A high-fiber diet has been found to help prevent many different types of cancer.
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Saturday, November 23, 2013
As they have done in years past, the Knights of Columbus Rev P.N. Lynch Council No. 704 will host a satellite race for our troops stationed overseas in Afghanistan. For the 36th annual Turkey Day Run, the Knights are partnering with Gunnery Sergeant Brian R. Newsom, race coordinator for the Marine Corps Marathon, to organize the race for military personnel stationed in Afghanistan.
Turkey Day Run committee member, Rob Wills has been organizing these satellite races overseas for years. His connection to the military as the operations manager at Ports America in North Charleston originally led him to begin planning these races, but his passion in supporting our troops has led him to make it an annual tradition. "Thanksgiving can be a tough time for soldiers who are away from their loved ones so we're happy to deliver a small taste of home to them," Wills said.
Earlier in October, Wills and the Turkey Day Run sent 100 complimentary race registrations – including bibs, T-shirts and signage for both the start and finish lines to Camp Leatherneck, Afghanistan. The race, which will be held on Thanksgiving morning at their town hall, is aimed at building morale and camaraderie while the soldiers are away from their families and friends back home.
The Turkey Day Run asks nothing in return from the soldiers with the exception of a report on the race experience and some pictures to share, but Newsom has elected to send collected funds from the race to the Wounded Warrior Project on behalf of his unit. Gunnery Sergeant Brian R. Newsom also has the opportunity to send a list of the registrants back to the Turkey Day Run where they can be added to the final results and included on the Turkey Day Run website.
Wills and the Turkey Day Run Committee hope that the satellite race will also remind those of us at home, to be thankful for the troops overseas and their service abroad as we sit down to our Thanksgiving meals this year.
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i was talking about the existence of Jesus Christ, is he real? why should i believe him? where is he now?
Views: 1975
"This video contains content from MPI Media, who has blocked it in your country on copyright grounds"
First of all, you seem to be regurgitating old Aristotelian premises. Here's an informative response to your third, that "nothing cannot create something":
i would challenge any athiest to prove that god does not exist.
The burden of proof is upon the person who makes the claim. Being an atheist simply means that I haven't met anybody who has met that burden, and to be honest, nobody has come within artillery range of meeting it.
To Be clear, these proofs do not prove the existence of the Christian God nor do they necessarily even prove the existence of a deity
So, by your own admission, they are useless toward meeting the above stated burden of proof for the claim of a god's existence. So, what is your point of stating them?
but attempt to answer the question of the origin of the universe beyond what science can prove.
They answer nothing. They are corruptions of logical thought that anybody who passed an Intro to Logic class would be embarrassed by. The reoccurring themes in theist apologetics are intellectual dishonesty and scientific ignorance, and both of those themes are represented nicely in your post.
You're in an atheist forum. We're here because we don't believe in God. We're not making a claim unless it's "I don't believe God exists." Our evidence is the lack of evidence for God.
Your position is that God exists, which is your claim. Prove it.
"If you are skeptical of this, i would challenge any athiest to prove that god does not exist."
I'd be happy to accept your challenge. But I can't disprove your evidence because you haven't provided any. Please provide some, and then we'll continue. If you genuinely don't understand why this is necessary, or why the burden of proof is yours, then consider this example:
Crackpot: I've discovered cold fusion and a cure for cancer!
Scientist: That's amazing! Let me see them! How do they work?
Crackpot: No! Nobody gets to see them. I can't tell you how they work. You just have to believe it.
Scientist: Gosh. Well, I'm sorry but unless you have something to show me, I can't take your claims seriously.
Crackpot: What?! How DARE you! I've never been so insulted!
Scientist: I meant no insult. I only asked you to provide some proof.
Crackpot: Oh yeah? Well, if proof is so important Mr. Smartypants, then YOU prove to ME that I have NOT invented cold fusion and a cancer cure!
Scientist: Here, have a lollipop. SpongeBob is on in ten minutes.
Moving right along...
Atheism, by name, is the belief that God does not exist.
Atheism is not belief. Atheism is the absence of belief. The distinction is important, unless you're actually claiming the lack of something is actually the presence of it. If lack of belief is belief, then baldness is hair, health is a disease, and we all pee until our bladders are full.
Athiests have faith in the non existence of God and the scientific theories that rely on the non existence of God.
What scientific subject requires faith? Geology? Chemistry? Mathematics? Medicine? Please provide an example.
Logically something must come from something, nothing cannot create something. Back to the creation of the universe, everything in existence must have come from something, no thing spontaneously appears of no cause or creator.
So what created God? If he exists, then according to you, he requires a creator. Does God have a God have a God have a God have a God? If you're prepared to believe without any reason that God is eternal, then why not consider a perfectly reasonable cosmological theory that the universe and reality itself is eternal?
If there was no existence of a God, where would every concept of human perfection originate.
If you're referring to morality, that's a function of human social behavior. The concept of 'help not harm others' serves a mutual self-interest in a social group: the members are more cooperative and less likely to harm you in return. That increased the survivability of the early primates who first engaged in these behaviors. Selection pressure and a few million years did the rest. It was a natural process, not a supernatural one.
To Be clear, these proofs do not prove the existence of the Christian God nor do they necessarily even prove the existence of a deity, but attempt to answer the question of the origin of the universe beyond what science can prove.
We could say the United States Marine Corps is a pizza but that doesn't make it one. These 'proofs' don't prove a thing, so they're not proofs. God is no answer to these questions. He's a feeble excuse for not having any.
Gallup, I don't know what I could possibly add to that, I think you've said it all --
Great job!
Pull up a concubine and have a seat.
Some of my best friends are concubines --
I'm not collecting disciples, who did you think I was?
"Shut the damn door, Jesus! You born in a barn?!"
- you go, Boy!
Very perceptive of you, very analytical - but he did seem to understand Tagalog, didn't he? You know, he could just be trying to make friends --
So -- should I take back all the things I said about how smart you are?
i can understand four languages, "spanish, japanese, english, tagalog"


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GoMocs.com is providing a weekly summer series highlighting the Chattanooga Mocs basketball program. This consists of a brief feature below and the attached highlight video from the 2012-13 season. This week's spotlight shines on sophomore Eric Robertson.
Eric definitely made an impression in his first season in the Scenic City. Despite playing just 12.2 minutes per game, Robertson showed flashes of his vast offensive potential with the ability to play the one through three as a combo guard, although 95 percent of his play was on the wing.
As a freshman, he posted 3.3 points and 1.3 rebounds per contest playing in 32 for the Mocs. Those numbers don't jump off the page but prior to 2012-13, only Josh Odem (7.3, 2009-10) and teammate Ronrico White (5.0, 2011-12) averaged more as a freshman since 2006-07.
Two other stats speak highly of his freshman campaign. He had 23 assists to just 14 turnovers. Robertson also registered more steals than turnovers – 15/14 – ranking as one of only four Mocs to do so in the last 18 seasons joined by Dontay Hampton (32/27, 2011-12), Keddric Mays (45/44, 2005-06) and Wes Moore (198/129, Career). Moore turned the trick three times in his four years.
Here are a few of Robertson's season highlights:
>Notched his season highs of 14 points and four rebounds in the home win over Furman shooting 6-11 from the field and 2-4 beyond the arc in 17 minutes of playing time. He also grabbed four rebounds against Davidson in his first Southern Conference contest.
>First double-digit scoring night came in the loss at Elon. Eric came off the bench to tally 11 points on 3-7 shooting including 2-5 from three-point range.
>Season-high three three-pointers made at College of Charleston missing just once in scoring nine points in 13 minutes.
>Posted his bests for steals (3) and minutes played (21) in the season-opening win over Tennessee Temple.
>Season-best three assists in his third collegiate game coming against Southeast Missouri. He had two or more assists in seven contests in limited playing time.
Student-Athlete Highlight Package Schedule
June 5 – Z. Mason
June 12 – Martynas Bareika
June 19 – Lance Stokes
June 26 – Ronrico White
July 3 – Eric Robertson
July 10 – Gee McGhee
July 17 – Casey Jones
July 24 – Drazen Zlovaric
July 31 – Dontay Hampton


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Our extraordinary physician hospital organization, Covenant HealthCare Partners, has the right doctor for you. Use the search function to the right or call 959.583.0000 for assistance. 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
You can also learn more about our Covenant Medical Group practices.
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At Covenant HealthCare we strive to bring you classes, events and support groups to assist you in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. We continually update our calendar of events so make a point to check our schedule often.
To see a complete listing of all Covenant HealthCare events, just click on Find below. Or you can search according to category or date.
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This directory provides a complete profile of participating physicians, including credentials, education and languages spoken.


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|Catalog #
|List Price
|100 µg
|View full product details
Molecular Probes® cholera toxin conjugates are made from a recombinant version of the B subunit only. This allows us to provide a very high-purity product that is completely free of the toxic A subunit. Cholera toxin B subunit (CT-B) attaches to cells by binding to ganglioside GM ...


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Semester: Spring
Instructor: Gordon Rice
Credits: 4
Day & Time: Mondays, 3:25pm-6:05pm and labs
Labs: By arrangement with instructor
Location: Todd 202F
First Class: Monday, January 26 (Please NOTE: see date of the first Lab below!)
First Lab: Thursday, January 15 at 5pm in Todd 202F —all students must attend!
Last Class: Monday, April 27
Entrance Prerequisites: ENG 170 or 171 (Technical Theatre) or by arrangement with Instructor.
For a syllabus for this class (in pdf format), click here
Email the instructor


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|17.2 lbs.
|Base Type:
|Collet Capacity:
|1/4 in. / 1/2 in. / 8mm
|Depth Adjustment System:
|Micro-Fine Depth Adjustment
|Handle Style:
|Dual Knob
|No-Load Speeds (RPM):
|10,000 - 22,000
|Speed Controls:
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|Switch Type:
Reviewed by 1 customer
Best Uses
Comments about OF 2200 EB Router:
Without a doubt the best router I have ever used, unbelievably smooth does not slow down during hard cuts. After you overcome the hurdle of spending the $850 for the router and then another $550 for accessories to use it (imperial accessory kit [also awesome]), it is all worth while. If you like a precise router this is it. The Systainer is pretty large and the router fits in it on its side which is a bit unconventional, but still packs away nicely. With the router comes very few accessories, you really cannot use it for much without the accesories I opted to get the imperial accessories set after determining the router came with so little extra pieces, not even a guide with rails. Don't buy any other router brand again, spend the money and you will not regret it.
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Festool offers a 3-year warranty, one of the longest in the industry. This warranty is valid on the pre-condition that the tool is used and operated in compliance with the Festool operating instructions. Festool warrants that the specified tool will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a term of 3 years from the date of purchase.
Conditions of 1 + 2 warranty
You are entitled to a free extended warranty (1 year + 2 years = 3 years) for your Festool power tool. Festool is responsible for all shipping costs during the first year of the warranty. During the second and third year of the warranty the customer is responsible for shipping the tool to Festool. Festool will pay for return shipping to the customer using UPS Ground Service. All warranty service is valid 3 years from the date of original purchase on your receipt or invoice.
Festool makes no other warranty, express or implied, for Festool portable power tools. No agent, representative, distributor, dealer, or employee of Festool has the authority to increase or otherwise change the obligations or limitations of this warranty. The obligations of Festool in its sole discretion under this warranty shall be limited to the repair or replacement of any Festool portable power tool that is found to be defective as packaged with the User Manual.
Excluded from the coverage under this warranty are: normal wear and tear; damages caused by misuse, abuse, or neglect; damage caused by anything other than defects in material and workmanship. This warranty does not apply to accessory items such as circular saw blades, drill bits, router bits, jigsaw blades, sanding belts, and grinding wheels. Also excluded are "wearing parts," such as carbon brushes, lamellas of air tools, rubber collars and seals, sanding discs and pads, and batteries.
Festool portable power tools requiring replacement or repair are to be returned to Festool. Call (800) 554-8741 for address details. In no event shall Festool be liable for any consequential or incidental damages for breach of this or any other warranty, express or implied whatsoever. All warranties implied by state law, including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are hereby limited to the duration of three years.
Some states in the U.S. do not allow the limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitation may not apply to you. With the exception of any warranties implied by state or province law as hereby limited, the foregoing express limited warranty is exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties, guarantees, agreements, and similar obligations of Festool.
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Question evolution! campaign
From Conservapedia
The Question evolution! campaign, launched by the biblical creation organization Creation Ministries International, is a worldwide "grass-roots movement to challenge the anti-Christian dogma of evolution".[2] The focus of the Question evolution! campaign is on 15 questions that evolutionists cannot adequately answer.[3] The 15 Questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer can be found HERE.
The campaign is being primarily conducted in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Singapore and South Africa.[4] In May of 2011, Creation Ministries International initiated a Question evolution! campaign which encourages students and others to "question the evolutionary pseudoscience peddled to them", to wear anti-evolution clothing and to pass out Question evolution! tracts within their schools and community. The campaign features tracts, t-shirts, badges, mugs, etc. and students are being encouraged to participate in the campaign.[5]
The 15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer
The 15 questions of the Question evolution! campaign, summarized, are (the full version of the 15 questions can be found HERE):
- How did life originate? How did life with hundreds of proteins originate just by chemistry without intelligent design?
- How did the DNA code originate? The code is a sophisticated language system with letters and words where the meaning of the words is unrelated to the chemical properties of the letters—just as the information on this page is not a product of the chemical properties of the ink (or pixels on a screen). What other coding system has existed without intelligent design?
- How could such errors (mutations) create 3 billion letters of DNA information to change a microbe into a microbiologist? How can scrambling existing DNA information create a new biochemical pathway or nano-machines?
- Why is natural selection taught as 'evolution' as if it explains the origin of the diversity of life?
- How did new biochemical pathways, which involve multiple enzymes working together in sequence, originate?
- Living things look like they were designed, so how do evolutionists know that they were not designed? Why should science be restricted to naturalistic causes rather than logical causes?
- How did multi-cellular life originate?
- How did sex originate?
- Why are the (expected) countless millions of transitional fossils missing?
- How do 'living fossils' remain unchanged over supposed hundreds of millions of years?
- How did blind chemistry create mind/intelligence, meaning, altruism and morality?
- Why is evolutionary 'just-so' story-telling tolerated?
- Where are the scientific breakthroughs due to evolution? Why do schools and universities teach evolution so dogmatically, stealing time from experimental biology that so benefits humankind?
- Why is evolution, a theory about history, taught as if it is the same as this operational science?
- Why is a fundamentally religious idea, a dogmatic belief system that fails to explain the evidence, taught in science classes? If "you can't teach religion in science classes", why is evolution taught?
The Question evolution! campaign tract with the expanded questions includes short arguments and/or quotes in support of biblical creation, plus offers links to articles on CMI's website which provide supporting evidence.[6]
See also: Question evolution! campaign endorsements
Dr. Duane Gish - biologist and leader in biblical creation movement: "As one who has debated over 300 evolutionists, I am delighted to see this Question Evolution campaign under way. The 15 Questions for Evolutionists brochure hits all the major questions on origins that evolutionists have no satisfactory answers for. The questions should be propagated widely. I commend the campaign."
Dr. John Sanford, Cornell University professor and inventor of the gene gun: "I enthusiastically endorse the campaign to encourage all thinking people to question evolution. The era must come to an end where all things with the single exception of evolution are subject to critical examination. How sad that so much evidence has been suppressed, such that most people who consider themselves to be 'well informed' have in fact only heard one side of the question. Indoctrination, intimidation, censorship—this is not how science is supposed to operate. Let us return to the true spirit of science, which is critical thinking, dialog and open inquiry."
Ian Juby - Canadian creationist leader: "The Question Evolution! Campaign is an innovative, grassroots anti-evolution campaign which I believe will have a lasting and far reaching impact. The campaign is worldwide in scope and I hope to see it serve as a uniting force within the biblical creation community. I heartily recommend getting involved in this grassroots anti-evolution movement."
YouTube Channel endorsements
See also: Question evolution! campaign and YouTube
Creation Ministries International's responses to Question evolution! campaign objections
See also: Creation Ministries International's responses to Question evolution! campaign objections
As the Question evolution! campaign has unfolded there have been a number of evolutionists who objected to the campaign and Creation Ministries International created some response web pages and videos.
Response pages:
Response videos:
Question evolution! campaign and the atheist/agnostic community
See also: Question evolution! campaign and the atheist/agnostic community
Fan response to YouTube evolutionists and atheists
Internet atheists Thunderf00t and Matt Dillahunty inability to answer the 15 questions
On October 1, 2011, the popular video creator Shockofgod created a video mentioning the inability of YouTube atheists Thunderf00t and Matt Dillahunty to answer Creation Ministries International's list of 15 Questions for evolutionists which are the focus of the Question evolution! campaign. VIDEO Previously, Shockofgod challenge Thuderf00t to answer the 15 questions.
Reddit atheists inability to answer the 15 questions for evolutionists
In March of 2012, the YouTube Christian Shockofgod invited Reddit atheists to answer the 15 questions for evolutionists. One Reddit atheist attempted to satisfactorily answer the 15 questions and failed. A live audio recording of his attempt was made:
Fans of the Question evolution! campaign and atheists/evolutionists at the present time
Fans of the Question evolution! campaign have repeatedly seen atheists/evolutionists challenged to debate the university biology student VivaYehshua via an oral debate which would be distributed widely. At the present time, atheists and evolutionists are afraid to accept and carry though with the debate offer.[7]
Atheism, evolution and the Question evolution! campaign
The Question evolution! campaign blog posted an essay entitled Cutting off the air supply of atheism which indicated the best way to combat atheism is through preventive medicine and "The grassroots Question evolution! campaign can reach countless young people before evolutionists indoctrinate them in high school and college." (see: Cutting off the air supply of atheism ).[8]
Currently, global atheism is in decline in terms of its number of adherents and the rate of decline is expected to accelerate.[9] The Question evolution! campaign blog indicated that the Question evolution! campaign could further accelerate the decline of decline of atheism in the world plus accelerate conservative Christian influence in the United States which is increasing due to the higher birth rates of Christian/religious conservatives relative to their atheist/liberal Christianity counterparts.[10] Please see the article: Why are 2012 and 2020 key years for Christian creationists and pro-lifers?
Various Question evolution! Campaign fan created videos
See also: Question evolution! campaign and YouTube
Various fan created videos:
Videos produced by a 13 year old fan of the Question evolution! campaign:
2 million Question evolution! tracts
The popular YouTube video producer Shockofgod is an ex-atheist and his channel features many anti-atheism videos. His YouTube videos have cumulatively received millions of views since his YouTube channel's inception.
On September 18, 2011 Shockofgod released a video entitled Evolutionists stumped confused & dumbfounded by 15 questions. [11] In that video, Shockofgod indicated he is going to move forward again and again with the Question evolution! campaign until 1,000,000 Question Evolution! tracts are in people's hands and then continue to move forward until 2,000,000 tracts are in people's hands.[12]
Question evolution! campaign supporter blog
In December of 2011, a group of Question evolution campaign supporters began a Question evolution! campaign blog. Among the blog writers and upcoming blog writers are: a college professor who took coursework at University of Notre Dame in their History and Philosophy of Science department, a biology student, a Stanford University graduate and a Christian apologist.[13] The blog also wants to expand its outreach via blogs that reach various Christian niches (countries students, teachers, scientists, churches, etc.).[14][15] The blog is found at: Questionevolution blog.
Question evolution group posting about tools to multiply the campaign
See also: Question evolution! group posting about tools to multiply the campaign
On August 31, 2011 a Question evolution campaign posted:
| The Texas Question evolution! campaign group has decided that want to develop some tools which will allow independent Question Evolution! groups to grow quickly plus multiply the formation of new groups. We believe such tools will create an army of proliferating Question evolution groups across the United States and across the world.
Publishers Weekly did a review of the classic book The Starfish and the Spider: The Unstoppable Power of Leaderless Organizations.
Here is an excerpt of Publishers Weekly review:
Apache Indian tribes "are made up of many smaller units capable of operating, growing and multiplying independently of each other, making it very difficult for a rival force to control or defeat them."[17]
The Texas Question evolution! campaign team has posted a series of blog posts on free tools plus other tools to help you spread the Question evolution! campaign You needn't use all the tools, just grab one of the tools and start hammering away at evolutionism.[18]
For a listing of tools please see: Powerful tools to spread and multiply the Question evolution! campaign
Question evolution! campaign and Texas
See also: Question evolution! campaign and Texas
Wide coverage planned relating to Christian web properties
On July 9, 2011, Question evolution! campaign supporters declared: ""We have decided to pull out all the stops to advance the Question evolution! campaign. Besides continuing to contact churches in the key biology textbook state of Texas; by the end of September 2011, the major Christian websites, blogs and YouTube channels will be contacted."[19]
Press coverage to date
- Scientists' creed: We don't know - Challenge to Darwin questions why facts are flexible - WorldNetDaily
- Students encouraged to challenge "evolutionary dogma" - BeliefNetNews
- Question Evolution campaign gains new ally - Conservative News and Views
- Do you Question evolution? - Messianic Jewish Examiner, Ken Ammi
Christian apologists and apologetic organizations supporting the question evolution campaign
- Associates for Biblical Research - Join the Question evolution campaign!
- Science against evolution - Question evolution campaign
Related anti-evolution efforts at the time of the Question evolution! campaign
In 2011 the results of a study were published indicating that most United States high school biology teachers are reluctant to endorse the theory of evolution in class. [20] At the time of the question evolution campaign, other creationists plus intelligent design proponents were engaged in legislative actions encouraging students to examine the evolutionary paradigm in a critical way. In 2011, eight anti-evolution bills were introduced into United States state legislatures encouraging students to employ critical thinking skills when examining the evolutionary paradigm. In 2009, there were seven states which required critical analysis skills to be employed when examining evolutionary material within schools.[21]
See also
External links
- Question Evolution! by Creation Ministries International
- 15 Questions that evolutionist cannot satisfactorily answer
- Question evolution! blog - Question evolution! campaign supporters blog
- 15 Questions that evolutionist cannot satisfactorily answer PDF version
- Question Evolution! Campaign webpage for Traditional Values Coalition
- 15 Questions that evolutionist cannot answer tract - USA
- 15 Questions that evolutionist cannot answer - PDF facsimile
Videos on the 15 Questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer:
Response videos:
Fan created videos:
Videos produced by a 13 year old fan of the Question evolution! campaign:
- ↑ Question evolution! campaign by Creation Ministries International
- ↑ Question evolution! campaign
- ↑ Question evolution! campaign
- ↑ http://creation.com/question-evolution
- ↑ Question evolution! campaign
- ↑ 15 questions that evolutionists cannot satisfactorily answer
- ↑ Is an atheist website backing down to creationists?
- ↑ Cutting off the air supply of atheism.
- ↑
- ↑ Why are 2012 and 2020 key years for Christian creationists and pro-lifers?
- ↑ Evolutionists stumped confused & dumbfounded by 15 questions
- ↑ Evolutionists stumped confused & dumbfounded by 15 questions
- ↑ Our growing Question evolution! campaign group
- ↑ Upcoming Question evolution! campaign blog network and online community
- ↑ Question evolution! blog is approaching 400,000 views
- ↑ The Starfish and the Spider: The Unstoppable Power of Leaderless Organizations review by Publishers Weekly at Amazon.com
- ↑ The Starfish and the Spider: The Unstoppable Power of Leaderless Organizations review by Publishers Weekly at Amazon.com
- ↑ Multiplying the Question evolution! campaign
- ↑ http://shockawenow.blogspot.com/2011/07/contacting-major-christian-websites.html
- ↑ http://voices.washingtonpost.com/answer-sheet/science/study-most-high-school-biology.html
- ↑ http://www.discovery.org/a/9851


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How Sake is Made at SakéOne in Oregon
Breweries, wineries, distilleries; Portland, Oregon has them all. Its craft beverage scene is the envy of cities around the nation. But sake? Yep: I visited SakéOne in Forest Grove to view the sake-brewing process firsthand and learn what distinguishes Oregon sake from Japanese. More


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Find hotels & motels in Alma using the list below. Search for the cheapest discounted hotel and motel rates in or near Alma, MI for your upcoming individual or group travel. We show the best Alma Michigan hotel rooms. Review the Alma hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Alma hotels. Need 5+ Rooms? Secure Alma Group Hotel DiscountsThe Alma center point is around the area of Gratiot Community Hospital and 16 miles from Central Michigan University.
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