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A fault tolerant system by which individual components of a server are monitored and controlled through independent, programmable microcontrollers interconnected through a microcontroller network. An external agent can control and monitor the microcontrollers by extending the interconnection network beyond the physical server. The extension to the interconnection network converts protocols between media, and directs the microcontrollers and the state managed by the microcontrollers. Intervention of the server operating system software is not required and is not utilized for the access and control operations. A remote interface board provides the interface between the microcontroller network and an external modem that communicates with a remote client computer. The remote interface board also provides for connection to a local client computer.
1. A system for external management of a computer environment, the system comprising:
a first computer having a plurality of components;
a second computer connected to the first computer;
a plurality of microcontrollers that monitor components of the first computer;
a bus that interconnects the microcontrollers; and
a remote interface circuit that interfaces the microcontrollers with the second computer thereby facilitating the external management of the first computer components.
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13. A system for external management of a computer environment, the system comprising:
a first computer having a plurality of components;
a second computer connected to the first computer;
means for monitoring components of the first computer; and
means for interfacing the monitoring means with the second computer to facilitate the external management of the first computer components.
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This patent application is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/942,160, filed on Oct. 1, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,266,721, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of the following U.S. provisional
Appendix A, which forms a part of this disclosure, is a list of commonly owned copending U.S. patent applications. Each one of the applications listed in Appendix A is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference thereto.
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent files or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to fault tolerant computer systems. More specifically, the invention is directed to a system for providing remote access and control of server environmental management.
2. Description of the Related Technology
As enterprise-class servers become more powerful and more capable, they are also becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex. For many companies, these changes lead to concerns over server reliability and manageability, particularly in light of the increasingly critical role of server-based applications. While in the past many systems administrators were comfortable with all of the various components that made up a standards-based network server, today's generation of servers can appear as an incomprehensible, unmanageable black box. Without visibility into the underlying behavior of the system, the administrator must "fly blind." Too often the only indicators the network manager has on the relative health of a particular server is whether or not it is running.
It is well-acknowledged that there is a lack of reliability and availability of most standards-based servers. Server downtime, resulting either from hardware or software faults or from regular maintenance, continues to be a significant problem. By one estimate, the cost of downtime in mission critical environments has risen to an annual total of $4.0 billion for U.S. businesses, with the average downtime event resulting in a $140 thousand loss in the retail industry and a $450 thousand loss in the securities industry. It has been reported that companies lose as much as $250 thousand in employee productivity for every 1% of computer downtime. With emerging Internet, intranet and collaborative applications taking on more essential business roles every day, the cost of network server downtime will continue to spiral upward.
While hardware fault tolerance is an important element of an overall high availability architecture, it is only one piece of the puzzle. Studies show that a significant percentage of network server downtime is caused by transient faults in the I/O subsystem. These faults may be due, for example, to the device driver, the adapter card firmware, or hardware which does not properly handle concurrent errors, and often causes servers to crash or hang. The result is hours of downtime per failure, while a system administrator discovers the failure takes some action, and manually reboots the server. In many cases, data volumes on hard disk drives become corrupt and must be repaired when the volume is mounted. A dismount-and-mount cycle may result from the lack of Ahot pluggability≅ in current standards-based servers. Diagnosing intermittent errors can be a frustrating and time-consuming process. For a system to deliver consistently high availability, it must be resilient to these types of faults. Accurate and available information about such faults is central to diagnosing the underlying problems and taking corrective action.
Modern fault tolerant systems have the functionality to provide the ambient temperature of a storage device enclosure and the operational status of other components such as the cooling fans and power supply. However, a limitation of these server systems is that they do not contain self-managing processes to correct malfunctions. Also, if a malfunction occurs in a typical server, it relies on the operating system software to report, record and manage recovery of the fault. However, many types of faults will prevent such software from carrying out these tasks. For example, a disk drive failure can prevent recording of the fault in a log file on that disk drive. If the system error caused the system to power down, then the system administrator would never know the source of the error.
Traditional systems are lacking in detail and sophistication when notifying system administrators of system malfunctions. System administrators are in need of a graphical user interface for monitoring the health of a network of servers. Administrators need a simple point-and-click interface to evaluate the health of each server in the network. In addition, existing fault tolerant servers rely upon operating system maintained logs for error recording. These systems are not capable of maintaining information when the operating system is inoperable due to a system malfunction. Existing systems do not have a system log for maintaining information when the main computational processors are inoperable.
Another limitation of the typical fault tolerant system is that the control logic for the diagnostic system is associated with a particular processor. Thus, if the environmental control processor malfunctioned, then all diagnostic activity on the computer would cease. In traditional systems, if a controller dedicated to the fan system failed, then all fan activity could cease resulting in overheating and ultimate failure of the server. What is desired is a way to obtain diagnostic information when the server OS is not operational or even when main power to the server is down.
Existing fault tolerant systems also lack the power to remotely control a particular server, such as powering up and down, resetting, retrieving or updating system status, displaying flight recorder and so forth. Such control of the server is desired even when the server power is down. For example, if the operating system on the remote machine failed, then a system administrator would have to physically go to the remote machine to re-boot the malfunctioning machine before any system information could be obtained or diagnostics could be started.
Therefore, a need exists for improvements in server management which will result in greater reliability and dependability of operation. Server users are in need of a management system by which the users can accurately gauge the health of their system. Users need a high availability system that must not only be resilient to faults, but must allow for maintenance, modification, and growth-without downtime. System users must be able to replace failed components, and add new functionality, such as new network interfaces, disk interface cards and storage, without impacting existing users. As system demands grow, organizations must frequently expand, or scale, their computing infrastructure, adding new processing power, memory, storage and I/O capacity. With demand for 24-hour access to critical, server-based information resources, planned system downtime for system service or expansion has become unacceptable.
Embodiments of the inventive remote access system provides system administrators with new levels of client/server system availability and management. It gives system administrators and network managers a comprehensive view into the underlying health of the server-in real time, whether on-site or off-site. In the event of a failure, the invention enables the administrator to learn why the system failed, why the system was unable to boot, and to control certain functions of the server from a remote station.
One embodiment of the present invention is a system for external management of a server environment, the system comprising a first computer having a plurality of components, a second computer connected to the first computer, a plurality of microcontrollers that monitor components of the first computer, a bus that interconnects the microcontrollers, and a remote interface circuit-that interfaces the microcontrollers with the second computer thereby facilitating the external management of the first computer components.
Another embodiment of the present invention is a system for external management of a computer environment, the system comprising a first computer having a plurality of components, a second computer connected to the first computer, means for monitoring components of the first computer, and means for interfacing the monitoring means with the second computer to facilitate the external management of the first computer components.
FIG. 1 is a top level block diagram of microcontroller network components utilized by an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the server portion of the microcontroller network shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a remote interface board (RIB) that is part of the microcontroller network shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of serial protocol message formats utilized by the RIB shown in FIG. 3.
FIGS. 5a and 5 b are a flowchart of a RIB microcontroller that is a part of the microcontroller network shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a modem dialing and answering state machine defined in FIG. 5a.
The following detailed description presents a description of certain specific embodiments of the present invention. In this description, reference is made to the drawings wherein like parts are designated with like numerals throughout.
For convenience, the discussion of the invention is organized into the following principal sections: Introduction, Server System, Microcontroller Network, Remote Interface Board, Remote Interface Serial Protocol, and RIB Microcontroller Operation.
The inventive computer server system and client computer includes a distributed hardware environment management system that is built as a small self-contained network of microcontrollers. Operating independently of the system processor and operating system software, embodiments of present invention uses separate processors for providing information and managing the hardware environment including fans, power supplies and temperature.
Initialization, modification and retrieval of system conditions are performed through utilization of a remote interface by issuing commands to the environmental processors. The system conditions may include system log size, presence of faults in the system log, serial number for each of the environmental processors, serial numbers for each power supply of the system, system identification, system log count, power settings and presence, canister presence, temperature, BUS/CORE speed ratio, fan speeds, settings for fan faults, LCD display, Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI) request bits, CPU fault summary, FRU status, JTAG enable bit, system log information, remote access password, over-temperature fault, CPU error bits, CPU presence, CPU thermal fault bits, and remote port modem. The aforementioned list of capabilities provided by the present environmental system is not all-inclusive.
The server system and client computer provides mechanisms for the evaluation of the data that the system collects and methods for the diagnosis and repair of server problems in a manner that system errors can be effectively and efficiently managed. The time to evaluate and repair problems is minimized. The server system ensures that the system will not go down, so long as sufficient system resources are available to continue operation, but rather degrade gracefully until the faulty components can be replaced.
Referring to FIG. 1, a server system 100 with a remote client computer will be described. In a one embodiment, the server system hardware environment 100 may be built around a self-contained network of microcontrollers, such as, for example, a remote interface microcontroller on the remote interface board or circuit 104, a system interface microcontroller 106 and a system recorder microcontroller 110. This distributed service processor network 102 may operate as a fully self-contained subsystem within the server system 100, continuously monitoring and managing the physical environment of the machine (e.g., temperature, voltages, fan status). The microcontroller network 102 continues to operate and provides a system administrator with critical system information, regardless of the operational status of the server 100.
Information collected and analyzed by the microcontroller network 102 can be presented to a system administrator using either SNMP-based system management software (not shown), or using microcontroller network Recovery Manager software 130 through a local connection 121 or a dial-in connection 123. The system management software, which interfaces with the operating system (OS) 108 such as Microsoft Windows NT Version 4.0 or Novell Netware Version 4.11, for example, provides the ability to manage the specific characteristics of the server system, including Hot Plug Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), power and cooling status, as well as the ability to handle alerts associated with these features.
The microcontroller network Recovery Manager software 130 allows the system administrator to query the status of the server system 100 through the microcontroller network 102, even when the server is down. Using the microcontroller network remote management capability, a system administrator can use the Recovery Manager 130 to re-start a failed system through a modem connection 123. First, the administrator can remotely view the microcontroller network Flight Recorder, a feature that stores all system messages, status and error reports in a circular Non-Volatile Random Access Memory buffer (NVRAM) 112. Then, after determining the cause of the system problem, the administrator can use microcontroller network "fly by wire" capability to reset the system, as well as to power the system off or on. "Fly by wire" denotes that no switch, indicator or other control is directly connected to the function it monitors or controls, but instead, all the control and monitoring connections are made by the microcontroller network 102.
The remote interface board (RIB) 104 interfaces the server system 100 to an external client computer. The RIB 104 may be internal or external to an enclosure of the server 100. Furthermore, the RIB may be incorporated onto another circuit of the server, such as a system board 150 (FIG. 2) or a backplane 152 of the server. The RIB 104 connects to either a local client computer 122 at the same location as the server 100 or to a remote client computer 124 through an optional switch 120. The client computer 122/124 may in one embodiment run either Microsoft Windows 95 or Windows NT Workstation version 4.0 operating system (OS) 132.
The client computer 122/124 could be another server, such as, for example, a backup server. The client computer 122/124 could also be a handheld computer such as, for example, a personal digital assistant (PDA). It is not necessary that Operating System software be running on the client computer 122/124. For example, the client computer 122/124 could be hard-wired for specific tasks, or could have special purpose embedded software.
The processor and RAM requirements of the client computer 122/124 are such as necessary by the OS 132. The serial port of the client computer 122/124 may utilize a type 16550A Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (IART). The switch 120 facilitates either the local connection 121 or the modem connection 123 at any one time, but allows both types of connections to be connected to the switch. In an another embodiment, either the local connection 121 or the modem connection 123 is connected directly to the RIB 104. The local connection 121 utilizes a readily available null-modem serial cable to connect to the local client computer. The modem connection may utilize a Hayes-compatible server modem 126 and a Hayes-compatible client modem 128. In one embodiment, a model V.34X 33.6K data/fax modem available from Zoom is utilized as the client modem and the server modem. In another embodiment, a Sportster 33.6K data/fax modem available from US Robotics is utilized as the client modem.
The steps of connecting the remote client computer 124 to the server 100 will now be briefly described. The remote interface 104 has a serial port connector 204 (FIG. 3) that directly connects with a counterpart serial port connector of the external server modem 126 without the use of a cable. If desired, a serial cable could be used to interconnect the remote interface 104 and the server modem 126. The cable end of an AC to DC power adapter (not shown, for example a 120 Volt AC to 7.5 Volt DC, or a 220V, European or Japanese adapter) is then connected to the DC power connector J2 (220, FIG. 3) of the remote interface, while the double-prong end is plugged into a 120 Volt AC wall outlet. One end of an RJ-45 parallel-wire data cable 103 is then plugged into an RJ-45 jack (226, FIG. 3) on the remote interface 104, while the other end is plugged into a RJ-45 Recovery Manager jack on the server 100. The RJ-45 jack on the server then connects to the microcontroller network 102. The server modem 126 is then connected to a communications network 127 using an appropriate connector. The communications network 127 may be a public switched telephone network, although other modem types and communication networks are envisioned. For example, if cable modems are used for the server modem 126 and client modem 128, the communications network can be a cable television network. As another example, satellite modulator/demodulators can be used in conjunction with a satellite network.
In another embodiment, the server modem to client modem connection may be implemented by an Internet connection utilizing the well known TCP/IP protocol. Any of several Internet access devices, such as modems or network interface cards, may be utilized. Thus, the communications network 127 may utilize either circuit or packet switching.
At the remote client computer 124, a serial cable (25-pin D-shell) 129 is used to interconnect the client modem 128 and the client computer 124. The client modem 128 is then connected to the communications network 127 using an appropriate connector. Each modem is then plugged into an appropriate power source for the modem, such as an AC outlet. At this time, the Recovery Manager software 130 is loaded into the client computer 124, if not already present, and activated.
The steps of connecting the local client computer 122 to the server 100 are similar, but modems are not necessary. The main difference is that the serial port connector of the remote interface 104 connects to a serial port of the local client computer 122 by the null-modem serial cable 121.
In one embodiment, the invention is implemented by a network of microcontrollers 102 (FIG. 1). The microcontrollers may provide functionality for system control, diagnostic routines, self-maintenance control, and event logging processors. A further description of the microcontrollers and microcontroller network is provided in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09,911,884, entitled "Diagnostic and Managing Distributed Processor System".
Referring to FIG. 2, in one embodiment of the invention, the network of microcontrollers 102 includes ten processors. One of the purposes of the microcontroller network 102 is to transfer messages to the other components of the server system 100. The processors may include: a System Interface controller 106, a CPU A controller 166, a CPU B controller 168, a System Recorder 110, a Chassis controller 170, a Canister A controller 172, a Canister B controller 174, a Canister C controller 176, a Canister D controller 178 and a Remote Interface controller 200. The Remote Interface controller 200 is located on the RIB 104 (FIG. 1) which is part of the server system 100, but may preferably be external to the server enclosure. The System Interface controller 106, the CPU A controller 166 and the CPU B controller 168 are located on the system board 150 in the server 100. Also located on the system board are one or more central processing units (CPUs) or microprocessors 164 and an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus 162 that connects to the System Interface Controller 106. Of course, other buses such as PCI, EISA and Microchannel may be used. The CPU 164 may be any conventional general purpose single-chip or multi-chip microprocessor such as a Pentium7, Pentium7 Pro or Pentium7 II processor available from Intel Corporation, a SPARC processor available from Sun Microsystems, a MIPS7 processor available from Silicon Graphics, Inc., a Power PC7 processor available from Motorola, or an ALPHA7 processor available from Digital Equipment Corporation. In addition, the CPU 164 may be any conventional special purpose microprocessor such as a digital signal processor or a graphics processor.
The System Recorder 110 and Chassis controller 170, along with the NVRAM 112 that connects to the System Recorder 110, may be located on the backplane 152 of the server 100. The System Recorder 110 and Chassis controller 170 are typically the first microcontrollers to power up when server power is applied. The System Recorder 110, the Chassis controller 170 and the Remote Interface microcontroller 200 are the three microcontrollers that have a bias 5 volt power supplied to them. If main server power is off, an independent power supply source for the bias 5 volt power is provided by the RIB 104 (FIG. 1). The Canister controllers 172-178 are not considered to be part of the backplane 152 because they are located on separate cards and are removable.
Each of the microcontrollers has a unique system identifier or address. The addresses are as follows in Table 1:
The microcontrollers may be Microchip Technologies, Inc. PIC processors in one embodiment, although other microcontrollers, such as an 8051 available from Intel, an 8751 available from Atmel, and a P80CL580 microprocessor available from Philips, could be utilized. The PIC 16C74 (Chassis controller 170) and PIC 16C65 (the other controllers) are members of the PIC16CXX family of CMOS, fully-static, EPROM-based 8-bit microcontrollers. The PIC controllers have 192 bytes of RAM, in addition to program memory, three timer/counters, two capture/compare/Pulse Width Modulation modules and two serial ports. The synchronous serial port is configured as a two-wire Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus in one embodiment of the invention. The PIC controllers use a Harvard architecture in which program and data are accessed from separate memories. This improves bandwidth over traditional von Neumann architecture processors where program and data are fetched from the same memory. Separating program and data memory further allows instructions to be sized differently than the 8-bit wide data word. Instruction opcodes are 14-bit wide making it possible to have all single word instructions. A 14-bit wide program memory access bus fetches a 14-bit instruction in a single cycle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microcontrollers communicate through an I2C serial bus, also referred to as a microcontroller bus 160. The document "The I2C Bus and How to Use It" (Philips Semiconductor, 1992) is hereby incorporated by reference. The I2C bus is a bidirectional two-wire bus that may operate at a 400 kbps. However, other bus structures and protocols could be employed in connection with this invention.
For example, Apple Computer ADB, Universal Serial Bus, IEEE-1394 (Firewire), IEEE-488 (GPIB), RS-485, or Controller Area Network (CAN) could be utilized as the microcontroller bus. Control on the microcontroller bus is distributed. Each microcontroller can be a sender (a master) or a receiver (a slave) and each is interconnected by this bus. A microcontroller directly controls its own resources, and indirectly controls resources of other microcontrollers on the bus.
Here are some of the features of the I2C-bus:
Two bus lines are utilized: a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL).
Each device connected to the bus is software addressable by a unique address and simple master/slave relationships exist at all times; masters can operate as master-transmitters or as master-receivers.
The bus is a true multi-master bus including collision detection and arbitration to prevent data corruption if two or more masters simultaneously initiate data transfer.
Serial, 8-bit oriented, bidirectional data transfers can be made at up to 400 kbit/second in the fast mode.
Two wires, serial data (SDA) and serial clock (SCL), carry information between the devices connected to the I2C bus. Each device is recognized by a unique address and can operate as either a transmitter or receiver, depending on the function of the device. For example, a memory device connected to the I2C bus could both receive and transmit data. In addition to transmitters and receivers, devices can also be considered as masters or slaves when performing data transfers (see Table 2). A master is the device which initiates a data transfer on the bus and generates the clock signals to permit that transfer. At that time, any device addressed is considered a slave.
The I2C-bus is a multi-master bus. This means that more than one device capable of controlling the bus can be connected to it. As masters are usually microcontrollers, consider the case of a data transfer between two microcontrollers connected to the I2C-bus. This highlights the master-slave and receiver-transmitter relationships to be found on the I2C-bus. It should be noted that these relationships are not permanent, but depend on the direction of data transfer at that time. The transfer of data would proceed as follows:
1) Suppose microcontroller A wants to send information to microcontroller B:
microcontroller A (master), addresses microcontroller B (slave);
microcontroller A (master-transmitter), sends data to microcontroller B (slave-receiver);
microcontroller A terminates the transfer.
2) If microcontroller A wants to receive information from microcontroller B:
microcontroller A (master addresses microcontroller B (slave);
microcontroller A (master-receiver) receives data from microcontroller B (slave-transmitter);
microcontroller A terminates the transfer.
Even in this situation, the master (microcontroller A) generates the timing and terminates the transfer.
The possibility of connecting more than one microcontroller to the I2C-bus means that more than one master could try to initiate a data transfer at the same time. To avoid the chaos that might ensue from such an event, an arbitration procedure has been developed. This procedure relies on the wired-AND connection of all I2C interfaces to the I2C-bus.
If two or more masters try to put information onto the bus, the first to produce a 'one' when the other produces a 'zero' will lose the arbitration. The clock signals during arbitration are a synchronized combination of the clocks generated by the masters using the wired-AND connection to the SCL line.
Generation of clock signal on the I2C-bus is the responsibility of master devices. Each master microcontroller generates its own clock signals when transferring data on the bus.
The command, diagnostic, monitoring and history functions of the microcontroller network 102 are accessed using a global network memory model in one embodiment. That is, any function may be queried simply by generating a network "read" request targeted at the function's known global network address. In the same fashion, a function may be exercised simply by "writing" to its global network address. Any microcontroller may initiate read/write activity by sending a message on the I2C bus to the microcontroller responsible for the function (which can be determined from the known global address of the function). The network memory model includes typing information as part of the memory addressing information.
Using a network global memory model in one embodiment places relatively modest requirements for the I2C message protocol.
All messages conform to the I2C message format including addressing and read/write indication.
All I2C messages use seven bit addressing.
Any controller can originate (be a Master) or respond (be a Slave).
All message transactions consist of I2C "Combined format" messages. This is made up of two back-to-back I2C simple messages with a repeated START condition between (which does not allow for re-arbitrating the bus). The first message is a Write (Master to Slave) and the second message is a Read (Slave to Master).
Two types of transactions are used: Memory-Read and Memory-Write.
Sub-Addressing formats vary depending on data type being used.
Referring to FIG. 3, the remote interface board (RIB) 104, previously shown in FIG. 1, will now be described. The RIB is an interface between the microcontroller network 102 (FIG. 1) of the server system 100 and an external client computer 122/124. The server system status and commands are passed through the RS232 connector port 204 at the client side of the RIB to the microcontroller network 102 on the server 100, controlled through the on-board PIC16C65 microcontroller 200. Signals in the microcontroller network 102 are transported by the microcontroller bus 160 (FIG. 2). In one embodiment, the microcontroller bus 160 utilizes the I2C bus protocol, previously described. The signals on the microcontroller bus 160 are received from the server 100 by the RIB 104 on the RJ-45 cable 103 and are translated by the PIC16C65 microcontroller 200 into an eight signal RS232 protocol. These RS232 signals are passed through a RS232 line transceiver 202, such as a LT1133A chip available from Linear Technology, with a baud rate capable of reaching the speed of 120 kbaud. A 25 pin D-Sub connector 204 connects to the other side of the line transceiver 202 and provides the point at which either the local client computer 122 or the server modem 126 makes a connection.
The two wire microcontroller bus 160 is brought in from the server 100 and passed to the microcontroller 200 using the RJ-45 cable 103 and RJ-45 connector 226. A switch 228, such as a QS3126 switch available from Quick Logic, connects to the RJ-45 connector 226 and provides isolation for the data and clock bus signals internal and external to the RIB 104. If the RIB 104 and switch 228 have power, the switch 228 feeds the bus signals through to a microcontroller bus extender 230. Otherwise, if the switch 228 does not have power, the microcontroller bus 160 is isolated from the RIB 104. The bus extender 230 connects between the switch 228 and the microcontroller 200. The bus extender 230 is a buffer providing drive capability for the clock and data signals. In one embodiment, the bus extender 230 is a 82B715 chip available from Philips Semiconductor. Microcontroller 200 Port C, bit 3 is the clocking bit and Port C, bit 4 is the data line.
Communication with the server modem 126 is based on the RS232 protocol. The microcontroller 200 generates the receive and the transmit signals, where the signal levels are transposed to the RS232 levels by the LT1133A line transceiver 202. There are three transmit signals, RTS, SOUT and DTR, which are from Port A, bits 2, 3 and 4 of the microcontroller 200, whereas the five receive signals are from two ports, DCD, DSR from Port C, bits 1 and 0 and SIN, CTS and RI from Port A, bits 5, 0 and 1.
In one embodiment, the 25 pin RS232 pin connector 204 is used instead a 9 pin connector, since this type of connector is more common. All the extra pins are not connected except the pins 1 and 7, where pin 1 is chassis ground and pin 7 is a signal ground.
A static random access memory (SRAM) 208 connects to the microcontroller 200. In one embodiment, the SRAM 208 is a 32k×8 MT5LC2568 that is available from Micron Technology. The SRAM 208 is also available from other memory manufacturers. An external address register 206, such as an ABT374, available from Texas Instruments is used for latching the higher addressing bits (A8-A14) of the address for the SRAM 208 so as to expand the address to fifteen bits. The SRAM 208 is used to store system status data, system log data from the NVRAM 112 (FIG. 1), and other message data for transfer to the external interface port 204 or to a microcontroller on the microcontroller bus 160 (FIG. 2).
Port D of the microcontroller 200 is the address port. Port B is the data bus for the bi-directional data interconnect. Port E is for the SRAM enable, output tristate and write control signals. The microcontroller 200 operates at a frequency of 12 MHz.
An Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) 212 is used for storing board serial number identification information for the RIB 104. The serial number memory 212 is signal powered, retaining the charge into a capacitor sourced through the data line. In one embodiment, the serial number memory 212 stores eight sixteen-byte serial/revision numbers (for maintaining the rework/revision history) and is a DS2502 chip available from Dallas Semiconductor. The programming of memory 212 is handled using a jumper applied through an external connector J1 210. The serial number memory 212 connects to the microcontroller 200 at Port C, bit 6 and to the external connector J1 210.
The RIB 104 may be powered through a 7.5 Volt/800 mA supply unit that plugs into a connector J2 220. In one embodiment, the supply unit is 120 Volt AC to DC wall adapter. Connector J2 220 feeds a LT1376 high frequency switching regulator 222, available from Linear Technology, which regulates the power source. The regulated power output is used locally by the components on the RIB 104, and 300 mA are sourced to the microcontroller network 102 through a 300 mA fuse 224 and the RJ-45 connector 226. Thus, the output of the regulator 222 provides an alternative source for a bias-powered partition of the microcontroller network 102. The bias-powered partition includes the system recorder 110 (FIG. 1), the NVRAM 112 and the Chassis controller 170 (FIG. 2) which are resident on the server backplane 152.
The microcontroller network remote interface serial protocol communicates microcontroller network messages across a point-to-point serial link. This link is between the RIB controller 200 that is in communication with the Recovery Manager 130 at the remote client 122/124. This protocol encapsulates microcontroller network messages in a transmission packet to provide error-free communication and link security.
In one embodiment, the remote interface serial protocol uses the concept of byte stuffing. This means that certain byte values in the data stream have a particular meaning. If that byte value is transmitted by the underlying application as data, it must be transmitted as a two-byte sequence.
The bytes that have a special meaning in this protocol are:
As stated above, if any of these byte values occur as data in a message, a two-byte sequence must be substituted for that byte. The sequence is a byte with the value of SUB, followed by a type with the value of the original byte, which is incremented by one. For example, if a SUB byte occurs in a message, it is transmitted as a SUB followed by a byte that has a value of SUB+1.
Referring to FIG. 4, the two types of messages 300 used by the remote interface serial protocol will be described.
1. Requests 302, which are sent by remote management (client) computers 122/124 (FIG. 1) to the remote interface 104.
2. Responses 304, which are returned to the requester 122/124 by the remote interface 104.
The fields of the messages are defined as follows:
TYPE 310 One of the following types of requests:
STATUS 318 One of the following response status values:
The remote interface is the bridge to link the microcontroller bus to the outside world via a RS232 serial port through which a client computer can be connected. A message from the remote client side via RS232 usually starts with the "Identify" command which identifies the system name. See the message format associated with FIG. 4, above. The "Identify" command should be followed by the "Security" command with a password that is checked against the password stored in the NVRAM 112 (FIG. 1). If the passwords match, the remote RS232 link is put in "secure mode" and the remote interface 104 (FIG. 1) will now pass any "message" commands on to the microcontroller network bus 160 (FIG. 2). Before the remote application program disconnects the link, it should send the "Unsecure" command to take the RS232 link out of "secure mode".
Referring to FIGS. 5a and 5 b, embodiments of the RIB microcontroller process 400 will be described. The process 400 is implemented as a computer program, termed firmware, written in PIC assembly language. The assembled machine code is stored in the microcontroller EPROM where each instruction is fetched for execution by the processor. The EPROM provides 4K×14 program memory space, all on-chip. Program execution is using the internal memory. Of course, any of a variety of general purpose and special purpose processors could be used and the programming of the process 400 could be in high level code such as C or Java.
Beginning at an initialize PIC state 402, process 400 initializes the variables, stack pointer, and other structures of the RIB microcontroller 200 (FIG. 3). Moving to state 404, a return point called "main" is identified in process 400. Proceeding to a decision state 406, process 400 determines if the RS232 port is transmitting data. If so, process 400 moves to state 408 to send a character (one byte) if there is data in the SRAM 208 to be sent out on the RS232 port 204. A process of receiving data via the RS232 port 204 is not shown herein. Receiving data via the port 204 is initiated by the use of an interrupt.
At the completion of state 408, or if decision state 406 evaluates to a false condition, process 400 proceeds to a Check Modem Status function 410 that is implemented as a modem dialing and answering state machine. Function 410 checks the status of the modem 126 for any possible activity. Function 410 will be further described in conjunction with FIG. 6. Advancing to a decision state 412, process 400 determines if any server event is pending. Event types include, for example, CPU status change, power status change, canister status change, fan status change, temperature, and operating system timeout. If an event is pending, process 400 proceeds to state 414 and sends an event message to the client computer 122/124 via the RS232 port. If no event is pending, as determined at decision state 412, process 400 continues at a decision state 416. At decision state 416, process 400 checks to see if a RS232 remote message has been received from the client computer 122/124. If not, process 400 moves back to the "main" loop 404, as described above. One reason that a message has not been received yet is that the modem is not yet transmitting.
If a message has been received, as determined at decision state 416, process moves to the appropriate state 420-426 to handle one of four command types: Identify, Secure, Unsecure, and Message. At state 420, process 400 performs the Identify command and identifies the system by responding with the system name retrieved from the System Recorder memory 112 (FIG. 1).
At state 422, process 400 performs the Secure command and gets the password with the command and checks it against the password from the NVRAM 112 (FIG. 1). If the passwords match, the access right is granted (opens secure mode), otherwise, reject the intent.
At state 424, process 400 performs the Unsecure command and releases the remote access right, i.e., closes secure mode. At the completion of states 420, 422 or 424, process 400 proceeds through off-page connector E 430 to state 438 (FIG. 5b).
At state 426 on FIG. 5b (through off-page connector D 418), process 400 performs the Message command and gets remote message data from the RIB SRAM 208 (FIG. 3). Proceeding to a decision state 432, process 400 determines if this message command is for the remote interface 104. If it is, process 400 executes the internal remote interface function command, such as a Read Revision of the RIB command. If the message command is not for the remote interface, as determined by decision state 432, process 400 moves to state 436 and passes the message command to its destination (external to the remote interface) via the microcontroller bus. This facilitates communication with another microcontroller for a command to read or write information, for example.
At the completion of states 420, 422, 424, 434 or 436, process 400 advances to state 438 and stores the response data for the command into the SRAM 208 (FIG. 3) to be sent back to the client computer 122/124. Moving to state 440, process 400 transmit the first byte of data back on the RS232 port 204 to the client computer 122/124. After the byte of data has been transmitted at state 440, process 400 moves back to the "main" loop 404 (on FIG. 5a), as described above.
Referring to FIG. 6, embodiments of the Check Modem Status function 410 will now be described. Function 410 is implemented as a modem dialing and answering state machine. Several terms useful for understanding of the modem dialing and answering state machine are listed in Table 3 below.
State machine 410 includes nine states, states 470-486. State 470 denotes that the modem is disconnected, DTR and RTS are clear and the protocol is clear. Protocol is clear indicates that no message protocol processing is to occur for bytes on the RS232 link (because it would affect transmitting and receiving of modem control string bytes). The state machine 410 remains at the Modem Disconnect state 470 while CTS is clear OR there have been "n" dialing retries already OR there is no Ring OR DSR is clear. If DSR is set (active), the state machine 410 proceeds to a Local Modem state 486, wherein RTS and DTR are set. The state machine 410 remains at state 486 while DSR is set. Is DSR clears or if Local AND Modem Mode are both set, the state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect state 470.
The state machine 410 proceeds to Modem Soft Reset state 472 if a Call Out condition OR a Setup condition is achieved. Call Out is achieved if Modem Mode is set AND Modem Already Set is set AND CTS is set AND there have not been "n" dialing retries already. Setup is achieved if Modem Mode is set AND Modem Already Set is clear AND CTS is set. At Modem Soft Reset state 472, DTR is set and RTS is set. The state machine 410 remains at state 472 while Send String Done is clear, i.e., the modem command string is still being sent to the modem.
The state machine 410 proceeds to Modem Test state 474 when Send String Done is set. The state machine 410 remains at state 474 while Send String Done is clear. The state machine 410 proceeds to Modem Result Code state 476 when Send String Done is set. The state machine 410 remains at state 476 while Modem Result Status Done is clear, i.e., the results status of the modem test at state 474 is not yet available.
The state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect state 470 from state 476 if Results Status OK is clear, i.e., the results status is not OK. However, if Results Status OK is set, i.e., the results status is correct, the state machine 410 proceeds to a Modem Setup state 478, wherein Modem Already Set is set. The state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect state 470 from state 478 if there have been "n" dialing retries already. However, if there have not been "n" dialing retries already, the state machine 410 proceeds to a Modem Dialing state 480, wherein the modem is dialed.
The state machine 410 remains at state 480 while the previous EOS has not been reached AND two seconds have not passed. The state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect state 470 from state 480 if Dial OK is clear, i.e., dialing the modem was not successful. However, if Dial OK is set, i.e., dialing the modem was successful, the state machine 410 proceeds to a Modem Answering state 482. Another path to the Modem Answering state 482 is from the Modem Disconnect state 470 when a Ringing mode is achieved. Ringing mode is achieved if Modem Mode is set AND Modem Already Set is set AND CTS is set AND Ring is set. The state machine 410 remains at state 482 while DSR is clear OR DCD is clear. The state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect State 470 from state 482 if DCD is clear and a timeout occurs, i.e., no DCD is set within a timeout period (nobody answers). The state machine 410 proceeds to Remote Modem state 484 when DSR is set AND DCD is set. The modem transfers message data while at this state. When DCD clears, the state machine 410 returns to Modem Disconnect state 470 from state 484 or otherwise remains at state 484.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the system illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the intent of the invention.
The following patent applications, commonly owned and filed Oct. 1, 1997, are hereby incorporated herein in their entirety by reference thereto:
Patent Citations
Non-Patent Citations
Referenced by
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Do you know a school which needs support in preventing homophobic bullying and celebrating difference? Find out about Stonewall's School Champions programme.
Lesbian, gay and bisexual young people have the same needs as all other teenagers and they'll enjoy, achieve and stay healthy and safe if they:
Gay young people tell us that the information they receive in schools and from health professionals is often not inclusive of their experiences and therefore doesn't feel relevant to them. As a health professional you can play an important role in supporting lesbian, gay and bisexual young people.
Stonewall's 2007 research, The School Report, found that almost two thirds of lesbian, gay and bisexual young people have experienced homophobic bullying. Seven out of ten young people who have experienced homophobic bullying state that this impacts on their school work and half have skipped school because of it. Bullying ranges from verbal abuse and being isolated to death threats and sexual assault and can impact on pupils self-esteem and attainment. However, if schools respond to homophobic bullying when it occurs, gay young people are more than three times more likely to feel able to be themselves and pupils who have been taught, in a way that they find positive, about gay issues are sixty per cent more likely to be happy at school.
Stonewall's health survey, Prescription for Change, shows that compared to women in general, lesbian and bisexual women are more likely to smoke, drink more and are five times more likely to have taken drugs. This might not be so surprising given The School Report finding that young gay people are two and a half times more likely to go to a pub rather than a youth group. This might be because of fear of bullying and in search for a community given that teachers identify homophobic bullying as the most common form of bullying after bullying because of weight (The Teachers' Report).
It is important to remember that not every young person will be heterosexual and not all young people will grow up to be heterosexual adults. The School Report reveiled that seven in ten lesbian, gay and bisexual young people have never been taught about gay and lesbian issues in class and four in five have no access to resources in school that can help them. High quality sex and relationship education is therefore taught in an inclusive way and is relevant to all young people - ensuring they have the information they need to make responsible choices and to stay safe.
One of the easiest and most important things you can do is making lesbian, gay and bisexual young people feel visible by not making assumptions and by using inclusive language. For example, 'Do you have a boyfriend?' is a difficult question for a young lesbian to answer if she is not out. A better phrase would be: 'Are you seeing anyone?'
You can make a real difference by raising awareness about sexual orientation diversity in your service. This could include displaying positive images and representation of lesbian, gay and bisexual people and by making sure all brochures, newsletters and websites are inclusive.
For more information read the Education Guide Supporting lesbian, gay and bisexual young people. Stonewall also runs a healthy lives programme and a leadership programme for health professionals.

subset: commoncrawl


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Nathan Roberts & The New Birds going 'In Stereo' for Red Cross CDWritten by Sarah Ottney | Editor in Chief | firstname.lastname@example.com
Toledoans Nathan, Joel and Daniel Trzcinski credit a Jack White sighting in Nashville, Tennessee, as the impetus for finally settling on a name for their band.
The brothers were in Nashville , Tennessee, playing a show when they saw a flier advertising The Old Birds.
"I thought, 'Wouldn't it be funny if we were The New Birds?'" Nathan said.
"When he said that, we were all quiet," Joel said. "It was the first time we were all quiet and not immediately [saying], 'No, no, no.'"
A minute later, they saw the musician White walking to his car,
"At that point, we thought, 'It was meant to be,'" Joel said. "Seeing Jack White after you say anything, you might want to hang on to that."
"It was a good omen," Nathan agreed.
RELATED: Summer CD of local music to benefit American Red Cross
Nathan, a singer-songwriter and guitarist, recorded a solo album in 2011 as Nathan Roberts, adapting his middle name for his stage name. The following year, needing a full band for shows, he invited older brother Joel on drums and younger brother Daniel on keyboard and guitar to join, forming Nathan Roberts & The New Birds.
The group's song, "In Stereo," is featured on the American Red Cross of Northwest Ohio benefit CD, "Red, White & You, Too!" The track originally appeared on the band's 2013 self-titled debut album, which rose to No. 78 on the CMJ charts, which registers college and noncommecial airplay.
"For me the song is about unplugging from your surroundings, like when you put on a good vinyl and you're going out of your way to listen to music," Nathan said. "Not like when you have headphones on and you're working, but when you're completely diving into an artform and letting yourself go."
"In Stereo" was fairly easy to write, Nathan said.
"I had this melody in my head and I sat down with the guitar," he said. "The guitar part going into the verse, I recorded on my phone. The next morning, I had to be somewhere early and the idea was still in my head. As I was driving, lyrics came to me."
The brothers were happy to be part of the Red Cross fundraiser.
"Anytime we are approached about something that benefits someone else, it's a no-brainer to me to help out," Joel said. "We're always willing to be part of something like that."
Tags: American Red Cross of Northwest Ohio, benefit CD, Daniel Trzcinski, Jack White, Joel Trzcinski, Nathan Roberts, Nathan Roberts & the New Birds, Nathan Trzcinski, Red Cross, Red White & You Too, The New Birds


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ER10308 In Stock
These Bali Style 5/8 inch Sterling Silver Hoop earrings are a great, subtle way to add detail to any outfit. Featuring a typical squiggle style design on either side of a simple silver bead, these bali hoops glow gently in the light, without detracting anything from other aspects of your ensemble. Pair these with a silver bali necklace to complete your look.
Eve's Addiction.com wants you to be a happy customer. We want you to be completely satisfied with the sterling silver jewelry that you receive from us, as we only sell high quality silver and cubic zirconia cz jewelry. We do understand that you may not like your purchase for some reason.
You may return or exchange your jewelry within 60 days of purchase if you are not satisfied with it. The jewelry must be returned in its original condition for a refund or exchange. Engraved, personalized, photo, monogram, name and initial, chocolate and clearance items are not returnable or exchangeable.


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Tuesday, October 22, 2013
Spectrum Properties Residential and Pacolet Milliken Enterprises announce the development of a 269-unit luxury apartment community in the heart of the town center on the prestigious Daniel Island. Designed by Charleston-based architects LS3P and to be constructed by Balfour Beatty Construction, the Simmons Park apartments will seek Green Certification.
"Pacolet Milliken was attracted to Daniel Island and this property specifically due to its ideal location as well as the sense of community on the island," said Richard Webel, president of Pacolet Milliken. "It is our intention not only to provide an appealing property and amenities for Charleston apartment seekers in a wonderful location, but to add something significant to this outstanding community."
Simmons Park is expected to break ground in the fall of 2013. Leasing will begin in late 2014, with an estimated project completion of mid-2015.
"We are excited to further our commitment to Daniel Island and the City of Charleston," said Steve McClure of Spectrum Residential. "Our first project on Daniel Island, Talison Row, is a huge success and clearly shows the strength in Charleston's economic engine and the strong demand for the Daniel Island lifestyle. Simmons Park will offer residents a unique urban living experience in one of Charleston's most treasured communities."
The property, located at the intersection of Seven Farms Drive and River Landing, will overlook Simmons Park, an urban-style park dedicated to master blacksmith Phillip Simmons, who is nationally known for his intricate iron gate and fence designs, found throughout the Charleston area and in museums around the country. Simmons was born on Daniel Island in 1912 and eventually attended school in downtown Charleston. To honor Simmons' legacy, a key feature of the new apartment community will be a series of wrought iron gates and fences leading to a grand courtyard.
The apartments will be within walking distance of a variety of restaurants and retail stores, including the Publix grocery store. The building's four-story exterior will feature Charleston brick, tan stucco and large porches, which will offer scenic views of the lake. The building will additionally feature two street-level retail spaces overlooking the park.
"Simmons Park may be the most important project we have added to our community in years," said Matt Sloan of the Daniel Island Company. "It will have an incredibly positive impact on the urbanism we have been striving to create in our Town Center area. We could not be more excited to see this beautiful development move forward."
The apartments will feature condominium-level finishes, including granite countertops in the kitchens and baths, stainless steel appliances, 42-inch custom cabinets and large walk-in closets. Residents will enjoy a variety of amenities, including:
Incredible outdoor living spaces including an expansive outdoor living room with multiple flat screen TVs, a fire pit and three outdoor kitchens with dining areas
A resort style saltwater pool with a large sundeck overlooking the lake
A cutting-edge fitness center
A community room with flat screen TVs, demonstration kitchen and dining areas
A yoga studio
Secured covered parking
A cyber café and coffee bar with iMacs
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Bill & Gloria Gaither- On the Battlefield [Live] - Music Videos
Goodman Revival - I Wouldn't Take Nothing For My Journey - @bill-and-gloria-gaither
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Goodman Revival - This Is Just What Heaven Means To Me - @bill-and-gloria-gaither
00:04:51 3111 views
Embed bill-and-gloria-gaither 1013 views 2013-02-21T10:09:18 "On the Battlefield" (feat. Jason Crabb) [Live]
(P) (C) 2012 Spring House Music Group. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is a violation of applicable laws. Manufactured by EMI Christian Music Group
(P) (C) 2012 Spring House Music Group. All rights reserved. Unauthorized reproduction is a violation of applicable laws. Manufactured by EMI Christian Music Group
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It started slowly a few weeks ago with coupons and has been steadily trickling in. I have a can of formula, wipe samples, several $5 and $10 off coupons for more formula and quite a few baby portrait coupons. They say "Congratulations!" or "Capture these precious moments" or other things that aren't meant to be sad but are.
My husband admitted to me that when he's able to intercept the mail before I get it he tosses out anything baby-related. I just happened to walk into the entryway the day the formula came and he hid it behind his back. When he showed it to me I carried it against my chest like a baby and snuggled against my Boppy while I read the information packet. I cried.
I thought about keeping the stuff for rainbow baby (fingers crossed) but the perishables will likely expire before he/she arrives. Then I thought about putting together a gift basket with all of the goodies, which is probably what I'll end up doing.
This is rough. What did my fellow angel mommies do when this happened?


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Hello Ladies! As most of you know I am about 7 1/2 weeks pregnant. I am currently breastfeeding my soon to be one year old. When we found out I was pregnant we tried weaning him. It went OK for the first couple nights and now he is a maniac. He screams for up to three hours at a time if I do not breastfeed and screams. He now clings to me and only wants me. I am not getting any more than three hours of sleep at one time. I don't know what to do. I am literally exhausted and I feel like I have a sleep disorder because of all this interuppted sleep I have had for over a year. I have uped my water intake - in fact I drink it nonstop - and I still feel dehydrated.
Please I am desperate for any suggestions as to how to wean my little one. I am so tired.
DD 10/26/01 stillbirth
AND ~ Peanut edd 8/6/04


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HAZARD – A former Perry County school board member is taking issue with what he calls the board chairman's "total control" of the district, and recently detailed those concerns in a letter addressed to Education Commissioner Terry Holliday.
Chairman John C. Combs is able to exert control over the superintendent and "circumvent" the process of hiring personnel, from which board members are barred from participating, according to James Ritchie, who resigned from the Perry County Board of Education in May following the hire of Superintendent Jonathan Jett.
"If the superintendent does what Mr. Combs wants, he get (sic) a new contract, if the superintendent goes against Mr. Combs and his voting partners, he is gone, no new contract," Ritchie wrote in a letter dated June 20 and obtained by the Herald this week.
Ritchie referred to an agreed order with the Education Professional Standards Board in 2011 which Jett signed and bars him from participating in any state testing. The order stemmed from an investigation into irregularities on ACT tests at Perry Central High School in 2009.
As a result of the order, Jett is required to annually submit a letter to the standards board confirming that he did not participate in or supervise the administration of state-mandated testing. According to the order, Jett's letter must be submitted from the board chairman. If he fails to submit the letter, he risks losing his certification.
"Mr. Jett has no option but to do what John Combs wants done, or (hire) who he wants hired," Ritchie wrote.
During a telephone interview on Thursday, Combs called Ritchie's assertion "erroneous," adding that from time to time he does contact Jett and address issues with maintenance, though he denied using Jett's agreed order to gain leverage over the superintendent to affect the hiring of personnel or for any other reason.
"I would never use that on anything or anybody," Combs said.
Superintendent Jett said the agreed order is "not an issue at all" with his ability to make his own decisions, and while Combs has never attempted to manipulate Jett regarding personnel in the district, if an issue did arise between himself and the board, there could be other ways to comply with the order.
"That's in there as just documentation, but there's other ways that I can verify that I didn't have anything to do with testing," he said.
Allegation of politics
Chairman Combs runs the district by way of politics, Ritchie claimed, and noted that in a closed session of the board prior to Jett's hiring in May, Combs passed over qualified candidates because they were not aligned politically. One candidate was Pauline Adkins, the sister of former Jailer Johnny Blair, while another candidate was aligned too closely with the Gorman family in Hazard for Combs to support, Ritchie claimed.
"Mr. Combs, in the closed meeting went off about her (Adkins), because she had worked for her brother in elections, and Mr. Combs did not want her brother elected, so he was totally against her no matter what her credentials were," Ritchie wrote. "Another example is Mr. Combs (the second candidate for superintendent mentioned), who also had very good credentials, but Mr. John Combs did not want him because he had ties with the Gormans in Hazard. As you can see the students' needs and the school system are not put first, it is the politics, power and control of John Combs."
Combs noted closed sessions of the board are confidential, but he did comment that he had never made such statements. He said he supported Adkins when she was principal at Perry Central in the 1990s and harbored no political ill will toward Blair. He added he doesn't have any issues with the Gorman family, describing businessman L.D. Gorman as a friend of the school district.
Ritchie also noted what he claimed some personnel in the district refer to as "mess up and move up," pointing to past personnel moves which resulted in employees receiving promotions to administration or central office even after criminal charges such as a DUI.
"The teachers and students all see this and know it is controlled by John Combs," he wrote.
Ritchie said Combs wants to hire "young and inexperienced" people as superintendent because they are easier to influence. He pointed to the hire of former superintendent John Paul Amis in the 1990s, who at the time was one of the youngest superintendents in the state.
"Now they have put another inexperienced person in a key position," he wrote, referring to Jett.
Jett said he will stand by his record since first taking over the district as interim superintendent in November 2012, and said he makes decisions based solely on the best interest of the students, not because he was influenced by anyone else.
"I have put people in key positions to help improve the instructional program," he said. "When I have hired people, I've had specific criteria, and if those people met that criteria better than the other applicants, that's who I hired."
Ritchie also detailed what he referred to as an illegal meeting between Combs, board member Debbie McIntosh, and former board member Charlene Miller, who resigned from the board earlier this month. According to Ritchie, the three, which constituted a quorum of the board, met in the parking lot at central office on May 24, moments after a screening committee presented the board with three finalists for the superintendent's job and two days before the board voted to hire Jett.
Ritchie spoke with the Herald on Wednesday, and said the three stood talking in the parking lot for 25 to 30 minutes, and while he did not know the content of their conversation, he said it was unlikely they weren't discussing district business. According to state law, a quorum of any public agency cannot meet and discuss public business without proper notification to the public.
During an interview Thursday morning, McIntosh said the three did have a conversation following that meeting, though there was never any discussion concerning the school system.
"It did not have to do with district business," McIntosh said, adding that Combs has never approached her in a political manner since she became a board member in 2005.
Combs also admitted a conversation took place, but denied there was a discussion regarding the schools. He said it is normal for board members to talk after meetings, and said he has had similar conversations with Ritchie before as well, but they do not discuss district business.
Ritchie noted that while he was never approached by Combs himself, the chairman's political leanings were always well known. Ritchie said he still speaks with a lot of people with ties to the district and he thinks morale around the schools is lower now than before Jett took office.
"I just want what's best for our kids," he said. "That's what I've always wanted, that's why I came on the board five years ago."
But if Ritchie was so dissatisfied with the district's performance and direction, Jett said, he should have remained on the board.
"He was elected by the people to represent the students of that district," Jett said. "If he felt like things were not going the way they should have, then he should have stayed on the board and fought for those students, those districts, and those members of the community. He chose to leave."
Complaints received at state level
Ritchie's letter was received at Commissioner Holliday's office on July 8, according to records obtained along with the letter. Also included is a response signed by Commissioner Holliday and dated July 30 which states a copy of Ritchie's letter will be provided to the Office of Education Accountability and staff with the Kentucky Department of Education currently overseeing academic turnaround efforts in the Perry County School District.
Holliday noted OEA personnel may be in contact with Ritchie as they have the option to "exercise their investigative authority and resources," and could issue a report including findings and recommendations under state law governing the removal or suspension of public school officers.
"At that time, I review the evidence gleaned and OEA report to determine whether removal proceedings are appropriate and supported by the evidence," Holliday wrote.
Karen Timmell-Hatzel, division manager of investigations with the OEA, confirmed the agency has received a copy of Ritchie's letter and she has had a conversation with him. She added there has been no decision made as to how the agency will proceed.
"We have not made a final decision on what to do with it yet," she said.
Combs, meanwhile, said he doesn't have anything to hide and invited OEA personnel to Perry County.
"OEA ought to come on up here," he said. "I'll sit and answer any question they've got."


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Tuscarawas News Detail
2012 National Teacher of the Year Rebecca Mieliwocki to Speak at Kent State, Jan. 29Posted Jan. 16, 2013
Rebecca Mieliwocki, who was recognized by President Barack Obama as the 2012 National Teacher of the Year, will present a Gerald H. Read Distinguished Lecture at Kent State University on Tuesday, Jan. 29, at 4:30 p.m. in the Kent Student Center Kiva. This lecture is free and open to the public.
Mieliwocki teaches 7th grade English classes at Luther Burbank Middle School in Burbank, Calif. Mieliwocki, who has taught for 14 years, is known for inspiring and motivating students, often using the Socratic method of questioning to stimulate students' critical thinking and create dynamic lessons. She hosts family nights, sends out weekly memos to parents and maintains a Facebook page for her class.
Mieliwocki explained that when she was 18 years old, the last thing she wanted to be was a teacher. As the daughter of two public school teachers, she rebelled by studying to become a lawyer. She eventually went on to try a few different careers – in publishing, floral design and event planning – before becoming a teacher.
The National Teacher of the Year Program, sponsored by Target, is a project of the Council of Chief State School Officers in partnership with the ING Foundation, the University of Phoenix and People to People Ambassador Programs.
For more information about the lecture, contact Linda Robertson, director of the Center for International and Intercultural Education in the College of Education, Health and Human Services at Kent State, at email@example.com or call 330-672-0563.
For more information about Kent State's College of Education, Health and Human Services, visit www.kent.edu/ehhs.
# # #
Media Contacts:
Linda Robertson, email@example.com, 330-672-0563
Emily Vincent, firstname.lastname@example.com, 330-672-8595


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Nai Yang : Residential Estates
Residential estates provide gated and secured communities and range from luxurious ocean view properties to moderately priced homes.
Pricing is based on location and amenities provided. Many housing estates have their own sales offices on property while others rely on property agents to list and show the homes that are on the market.


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Jay Sanerson and Keith Leupold recap the Aggies tough 3-2 defeat to the Bobcats.
LAS CRUCES, N.M. - The New Mexico State volleyball team fell to Texas State 3-2 (26-24, 17-25, 25-15, 24-26, 11-15) after being out-blocked 15-6 in the Pan American Center, Saturday, Oct. 13.
The Aggies fall to 13-6 on the year and 7-2 in Western Athletic Conference play as Texas State improves to 10-10 overall and 5-4 in WAC play. NM State out-hit the Bobcats .195-.188 and had more kills (61-54), but more attack errors and service errors from the Aggies could have been the difference in the match.
Junior Desiree Scott had the most efficient night as she tallied a .667 hitting percentage with 12 kills on 17 attempts and only one error. She also added three solo blocks and three block assists to go along with a dig. Sophomore Meredith Hays marked her eighth double-double of the year as she tallied 18 kills and 10 digs but her five service errors hurt the Aggies.
After Texas State took set four 26-24, the Aggies took an early 5-2 lead in set five but Texas State tallied three consecutive kills to tie it up at 5-5. The set would be tied again at 8 and 10 but Texas State scored five of the last six points to upset the Aggies in Las Cruces.
NM State had a 2-1 lead after the third set with the Bobcats taking sets two, four and five. The Aggies seemed out of sync in set two losing 25-17 and finishing the set with a .049 hitting percentage and just eight kills on 30 swings. NM State bounced back and showed its potential winning set three 25-15. Junior Lauren Loerch, who finished the night with 13 kills, tallied five kills on six swings in the third as the Aggies hit .424 as a team that set. Hays put down six kills in the set while Scott went 3-for-3 offensively.
NM State now in second place in the WAC standings with Utah State sweeping San Jose State in Logan, Utah on Saturday. The Aggies return to the road taking on UT-Arlington, Oct. 18, and Louisiana Tech, Oct. 20, in their respective arenas.


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By JUSTIN DRIGGERS
SUMTER — Whether it was the rainy day doldrums or the pitching of South Aiken High School starter Taylor Widener, the Sumter High baseball team spent most of Saturday in a funk offensively.
Widener tossed a complete game, allowing just one run on five hits and also homered in the first inning to help the Thoroughbreds claim a 6-1 victory in the opening game of the Class AAAA Lower State tournament at Gamecock Field.
"Taylor was very good the first five innings. He grinded it out," said South Aiken (19-9) head coach Bob Polewski, who will have to lead his team into Lexington on Monday at 7 p.m. "We can't take our foot off the accelerator."
Widener had a lot to do with that. The Thoroughbred right-hander cruised through the first five innings, allowing just two base runners and facing one over the minimum. He induced seven flyball outs and two popups in the first five frames as well.
"There was really no big secret to what he did," Norris said. "He challenged us and he threw strikes. He didn't throw a whole lot of breaking balls, but he's got good velocity and we just didn't square him up much."
Singles by Jacob Watcher and Taylor McFaddin were all the Gamecocks produced until the sixth. Ian McCaffrey and McFaddin came up with singles, and a walk to Jacob Watcher loaded the bases with one down to give Widener his first spot of trouble in the game.
The Gamecocks finally broke through on Phillip Watcher's sacrifice fly, but Widener allowed nothing else.
"He got a little tired there at the end and started getting his pitches up in the zone, especially his off-speed stuff," Polewski said. "But he battled through it tonight. He got a couple of big strikeouts when he needed them and that (fourth-inning) double play got us out of the inning pretty quickly."
The T-Breds were able to give their righty more than enough support. After Widener's solo homer it 1-0, South Aiken tacked on two more runs in the second behind a pair of Sumter errors. T-Bred catcher Stokes Griffith reached on one of the errors and came home on the other, and Cory Bryant's sacrifice fly made it 3-0.
Sumter starter Phillip Watcher was tagged with the loss, though he only allowed one earned run on five hits with five strikeouts in four innings.
South Aiken added two more runs in the fifth off Sumter reliever Jacob Watcher on a pair of back-to-back RBI singles from Mason Collins and Griffith. Bryant scored the final T-Bred run on a passed ball in the sixth.
"You want to be able to continually produce runs and take advantage of mistakes and that's what we did today," Polewski said. "In high school baseball, if you make the other team have to make a play, good things will happen lots of times."
Widener and Preston Dawson led South Aiken with two hits apiece while Xavier Peralta added a double. McFaddin was the only Sumter player with multiple hits.
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text: Next Purchase this photo Mark Webb/for TMark Webb/for The Herald-Dispatch Lynn Fruth, CEO and Chairman of the Board of Fruth Pharmacy, unveils the "Free Vitamins for Kids," program in front of students and faculty of Guyandotte Elementary School on Wednesday, Sept. 25, 2013, in Guyandotte. The program provides Cabell County elementary students free daily vitamins for the next 12 months. Gallery: Free vitamin program Sep. 25, 2013 @ 11:40 PM The Herald-Dispatch / 2015 Students take part in a free vitamin program on Wednesday. ()


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Find accommodations in Hyattsville with the hotel list provided below. Explore our guide for inexpensive and discount hotel/motel rates in or near Hyattsville, MD for your business or personal leisure travel. Discover the most popular Hyattsville Maryland hotel/motel rooms. Review the Hyattsville hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. We also have a map of the Hyattsville hotels.The Hyattsville center point is approximately 2 miles from College Park Aviation Museum and 2 miles from Michigan Park.
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text:
If you open your front door and a tiger leaps at you, it's normal to be afraid. But if you open that door and find no tiger—and you're still afraid—that's an anxiety disorder.
Do you fear the tiger, or do you fear the fear? That's a key question with anxiety disorders, says Wandal Winn, M.D., of Anchorage, Alaska, a public affairs representative for the American Psychiatric Association.
Not so long ago, anxiety disorders didn't even have names. Some people ask if there's much to them, or whether doctors and drug companies have just put labels on feelings people have always had.
Yes, people have always had them, says Kami White, Ph.D., director of behavioral medicine at Boston University's Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders. But for a long time, no one knew those feelings could cross the line to become severe ailments that need treatment, says Dr. White. "The old adage was 'Oh, she just has a case of nerves.'" The result was a great deal of needless torment.
Chronic and relentless
Anxiety disorders plague an estimated 19 million U.S. residents, says the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). These serious illnesses "fill people's lives with overwhelming anxiety and fear. Unlike the relatively mild, brief anxiety caused by a stressful event such as a business presentation or a first date, anxiety disorders are chronic, relentless and can grow progressively worse if not treated," the NIMH says.
But the line between a shy guy and one with social anxiety disorder can be thin. These conditions can be misdiagnosed, overdiagnosed or wrongly self-diagnosed. That's especially true as drug companies promote a stream of medications to treat depression, anxiety and stress.
According to NIMH, symptoms of a general anxiety disorder (GAD) include constant, exaggerated worrisome thoughts and tension about everyday routine life events and activities, lasting at least six months. A person with GAD always anticipates the worst even though there is little reason to expect it. Other symptoms include fatigue, trembling, muscle tension, headache, or nausea.
"There is more and more pressure to deal with this at the primary physician's office, someone other than a mental health professional," says clinical psychologist Rudy Nydegger, Ph.D., a psychology professor at Union College in Schenectady, N.Y. "There's a tendency to diagnose quickly and prescribe quickly when the patient clearly is in distress."
But Dr. Nydegger says "medication alone simply alleviates some of the troubling symptoms. Medication alone doesn't deal with significant causes or underlying causes."
See your doctor first
That's not to say someone with anxiety symptoms shouldn't first see the family doctor. Based on a patient's medical history and an exam, the doctor can often tell that what the patient is going through has a physical rather than psychological cause, or that it's a one-time thing.
Medication may ease a panic attack, but it's not going to get someone with social anxiety disorder "back to the picnic," Dr. White says. "Ultimately, it's up to a doctor or a psychologist to get people back into the social world they've left."
"Not everybody who has anxiety needs to be on medication," Dr. Winn says. "In my practice, it may be approaching 50-50." He says he's wary of medications because they can cause psychological or physical addictions or side effects—including anxiety.
Several types of "talk therapy" can treat anxiety disorders.
"Medication isn't the first thing that comes to my mind when I'm helping that person," Dr. Winn says. "The first thing is education. Anxiety tends to feed in the dark. If a person knows what he really has, that is a very powerful antidote."


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Tuesday, August 26, 2014
Over 600 miles lie in between Goose Creek High School and its first football opponent this season.
The Gators make a 10-hour trip to Dayton, Ohio to tangle with Pickerington Central as part of the inaugural Backyard Blitz event on Saturday at 4 p.m.
We are excited to have the opportunity to see how we match up with a team from another part of the country, GCHS coach Chuck Reedy said. This will be a great experience for our players and we are anxious to see how they respond to the challenge.
The Gators have successfully handled 38 of the last 39 challenges on the field including one against a squad that reminds Reedy of Pickerington Central.
He compared the Tigers to defending Class AAAA Div. I state champion Dutch Fork. The Gators defeated Dutch Fork 35-21 during the regular season last fall.
They are similar, he said. They want to run the ball and play-action pass off of that. Their starting quarterback is returning. They have a big offensive line and very good running back.
The Tigers were 8-3 last season and are the eight-time defending Ohio Capital Conference Ohio division champions. They won 11 games in 2010 and 2011.
With just over 1,100 enrollment, Pickerington Central would be a Class AAA team in South Carolina.
The Gators are coming off a 27-8 victory over West Ashley in a two-quarter scrimmage on the first night of the Sertoma Classic last week.
Goose Creek was 12-1 last season, losing in the second round of the Class AAAA Div. II playoffs.
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Lowenthal and Abrams, P.C.
We are Injury and Social Security Disability Attorneys with Toughness and Integrity. There is a Medical Doctor and Nurse on Staff for Rapid Case Assessment. No fee unless we recover for you. Serving Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York
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text:
In terms of standing in the lightweight division, Khabib is below Gray Maynard and Diego Sanchez. It seems the Stockton buddies don't want to take on a lower ranked guy in a trap fight without getting paid extra money.
They probably feel as if they are being used as gate keeprs for Khabib in order to build hype for him so they think they should get extra money so essence turned down the contract more so than the fighter himself. I don't think it is nobody wanted to fight him because they're scared.


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Tuesday, September 10, 2013
It is now possible to choose how you age in the Charleston area.
ActiveRx, a Chandler, Ariz.-based company that is redefining aging by facilitating meaningful lifestyle changes that can improve the overall health and function for millions of older adults, celebrates the opening of its first South Carolina Active Aging Center at 999 Lake Hunter Circle, Suite B in Mount Pleasant on Monday, Sept. 9.
Mark Osborn, regional developer for ActiveRx in South Carolina and Georgia, said the new center – located between Mathis Ferry Road and Highway 17, just off Anna Knapp Boulevard – will provide seniors residing in the greater Charleston area a variety of proprietary programs and services that validate the fact that they do not have to "let nature take its course" regarding limitations and diseases that often impede independent living and a high quality of life.
"We believe ActiveRx answers a dilemma for millions of older Americans who think they can no longer address the physical challenges facing them," Osborn said.
"Our first center – which will be managed by Ryan Daniel, a Mount Pleasant resident - is ideally located to serve residents of the greater Charleston area," Osborn said, "with easy access to the East Cooper Medical Center and the Mount Pleasant Senior Center."
Osborn said he intends to have 20 Active Aging Center locations open in South Carolina and the Savannah and Augusta, Ga. areas within the next 36 months.
Matt Essex, founder and chief executive officer of ActiveRx, said, "ActiveRx is redefining the aging process. Every client we see will recover years of their previous ability to function. No one has to be a victim of aging when there are safe, affordable, medically-supervised steps that can be taken to ensure the ability to live independently for as long as possible."
ActiveRx now has Active Aging Centers operating in Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan and South Carolina.
The ActiveRx System is based upon more than a decade of scientific research on the direct correlation between strength and aging. Clients and members regain and maintain strength through participating in all or part of The ActiveRx System – the ActivEval, Active Physical Therapy and Strengtherapy, which work in concert to enhance mobility, agility and balance.
Studies have shown that most seniors lose 30 percent of their strength by age 65, 60 percent by age 75, and as much as 90 percent by age 85, if they do not do anything about it. "While these statistics might astound some and thoroughly intimidate others, the ActiveRx model demonstrates that patients can restore 10 or more years of strength and function within the first three to four months of care," Essex said.
"Our battle cry to this population is 'Choose How You Age' because we know the difference between aging the usual way or redefining your aging is truly a matter of choices," said Essex, who developed and evolved the business model to fill the evident voids that exist in the healthcare system for serving older adults."
Moultrie News is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not Moultrie News.
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text:
Abundance Boxy Backpack in Classically Crete
A diaper bag designed for mothers of multiples, the Abundance Boxy Backpack boasts a large main compartment with several spacious pockets. It features our signature built-in changing station, multiple carrying options and comes in playful prints on our easy-to-clean Glazed coated cotton canvas.
Out of Stock
- Overview
- Spacious interior with 4 large pockets, 2 bottle pockets and a key clip
- 2 exterior side bottle pockets
- Zip-out changing station w/ detachable changing pad and 3 pockets for diapers and wipes and 3 pacifier pouches
- Magnetic closure plus snaps for added security
- PPB-monogrammed plastic wipes case
- Custom-stamped premium hardware
- Proudly PVC-Free, easy-to-clean Glazed exterior
- Versatile three ways to carry: Backpack, cross-body/on shoulder, or on stroller with Valet Stroller Clips® (sold separately)
- Exterior features light sky blue, slate grey and eggshell mosaic-inspired medallion design with light sky blue and slate grey embroidered detail. Slate grey water-resistant lining and straps.
- Glazed fabric care: Wipe clean exterior and spot clean lining with damp cloth
- Abundance Boxy Backpack 17" W x 13.5" H x 5.5" D
- Strap drop: 12" - 23"
- Weight: 3.2 lbs
- Compare to dimensions of original Boxy Backpack: 13" W x 13.5" H x 5.5" D
Returns are simple, exchanges are free.
For more information: Petunia Returns
- Reviews


text: Chanel Azure (657) Le Vernis Nail Colour ($27.00 for 0.40 fl. oz.) is described as a "metallic blue green." It's a brightened, bluish-teal with a metallic finish. It seems to shift a bit from blue to teal to green, depending on the angle and how the light hits the color. The color itself is interesting and complex. I'll be reviewing it soon, but Dior's Samba isn't an exact dupe for this–it is more of a true teal with less shift and more warmth. China Glaze Deviantly Daring is similar when Azure is in its blue stages, but it doesn't have the same green-teal shift. Zoya Charla has a very different finish (more glitter/sparkle) and is a darker, bluer polish overall.


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