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Stay light and ultra-mobile with Graco LiteRider® Classic Connect™, the stroller specifically designed for the active family. The one-hand fold and lightweight design make it the obvious choice for parents who want portability. And the padded, 2-level reclining seat ensures your little travel companion will stay comfortable. With the lockable front swivel wheels and durable suspension, everyone is in for the smoothest of rides. Plus, it accepts all Graco® SnugRide® Classic Connect™ Infant Car Seats, which comes in handy when you want to move baby from the car to the house without disturbing him.
- Accepts all Graco® SnugRide® Classic Connect™ Infant Car Seats
- Lightweight stroller weighs less than 20 lbs.
- Stroller holds child up to 40 lbs. for years of comfortable strolling
- One-hand fold is ideal for on-the-go families
- 2-position reclining seat helps keep baby comfy
- Lockable front swivel wheels with suspension for superior maneuverability
- Extra-large, drop-down storage basket lets you reach in without disturbing your reclined child
- Parent's tray with storage and 2 deep cup holders for on-the-go convenience
- Removable child's tray helps get baby in and out of the stroller easily
- Stroller harness helps keep your child securely seated
- Stroller Weight: 17.07 lbs est.
- Length: 27"
- Width: 19"
- Height: 39"
- Folded Length: 33.5"
- Folded Width: 19"
- Folded Height: 16.5"
For child up to 40lbsShipping Note: This item ships via FedEx Ground within contiguous United States only. Cannot be shipped to AK/HI, PO boxes, US territories, or APO/FPO addresses.


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Brine Lacrosse
Brine Lacrosse
Brine started as a small athletic equipment and uniform company selling to private schools and regional camps. The Brine lacrosse name quickly grew into a major manufacturer of lacrosse equipment. Today, Brine lacrosse equipment is one of the most respected lacrosse equipment manufacturers in the world. Shop our selection of Brine lacrosse equipment and apparel today!
Brine Triumph XP Lacrosse Helmet Chrome Mask (Customizable)Your Price: $200.99
Out of stock
Brine King V GloveYour Price: $200.00

subset: commoncrawl


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Naw Rooz with Mahmood Aslamy benefiting International Orphan Care
International Orphan Care and Afghan Education for a Better Tomorrow
Saturday, March 9, 2013 at 6:30 PM - Sunday, March 10, 2013 at 1:00 AM (PST)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
When & Where
Saffron Grill
720 East Katella Avenue
Saturday, March 9, 2013 at 6:30 PM - Sunday, March 10, 2013 at 1:00 AM (PST)
Add to my calendar
International Orphan Care and Afghan Education for a Better Tomorrow
International Orphan Care (IOC) is a non-profit, non-sectarian, non-political, humanitarian organization incorporated in the State of California, registered as a Non Govermental Organization in Afghanistan and qualified as a charitable organization under Section 501(c)3 of the US Internal Revenue Code. The federal tax identification number for IOC is 33-0547951.
Since the Soviet invasion in 1979, the people of Afghanistan have endured lives filled with deprivation, brutality and anguish. An entire generation has lost their childhood. Over 1.5 million have lost one or both parents, and over 700,000 orphans are living in sub-poverty conditions. International Orphan Care (IOC) provides education, healthcare, nutrition and vocational training so that these children will be healthy and productive members of their community.
The mission of IOC is to provide the orphans of Afghanistan with HOPE (Help the Orphans be Productive and Educated).
IOC supports schools in Herat and Jalalabad.
The school in Jalalabad is known as the Mir Mohammad Youssof Vocational School and schools in Herat is named Payam-e Danesh.


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The Brain Clock Blog: Tracking the "pulse" of contemporary research and theory regarding the psychology/neuroscience of brain-based mental time keeping (aka, the Brain Clock). In addition, the relevance of neuroscience research to learning/education will also be covered. A sister blog to "IQs Corner" (www.iqscorner.com)
Sent from KMcGrew iPhone
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Simply Stylish, two-sided slipcover designed to fit any Boppy Infant Feeding and Support Pillow (sold separately). Zips on and off easily for machine washing. Moms have voted the Boppy Pillow the #1 Baby Product in America; make sure yours is always fresh and clean by having a few slipcovers on hand.
- Machine Washable
- This slipcover fits all Boppy Infant Feeding and Support Pillows (sold separately)


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Wednesday, July 9, 2014
Abandoned boats are being cleared out of Georgetown Harbor.
The City of Georgetown Police Department has begun enforcing the law that prohibits anchoring in the public city space.
Abandoned boats were given notice on June 30 and have 60 days to comply.
According to Chapter 20, Section 141 of the Code of Ordinances of Georgetown, an abandoned boat is any nuisance watercraft that has been anchored, moored, stranded, wrecked, sinking or sunk, is no longer functioning, does not serve its primary purpose, or has been left unattended for 45 days. Legally moored boats and moored boats on private property do not qualify as abandoned.
In Chapter 20, Section 143 it states anchoring within 140 feet of a city mooring buoy is illegal and no vessel shall be anchored within the Corps of Engineers established channel.
Chief of Police Paul Gardner clarified the citys maritime field exists approximately from the boat landing to the Kaminski House.
The enforcement began with moving all of the boats moored on Goat Island, he said.
An initial survey of abandoned boats was conducted in the harbor in mid-April. GPD used equipment from the planning and building department to accurately record the GPS coordinates of boats in the harbor.
Forty-five days later, a second survey of the harbor was conducted. The surveys determined there are 14 abandoned boats.
GPD placed orange placards on the abandoned boats on June 30 informing the owners of a notice to seize, with a 60-day deadline to comply.
We want the owners of the boats in violation of the ordinance to come forward and either remove their boat from the harbor or insure that it is legally moored with an appropriate anchor light.
We are simply looking for compliance with the ordinance. If not, the city has the funding in this years budget for the removal of any boats that fail to comply, Gardner said.
The chief said enforcement of the law will help encourage tourists visiting Georgetown.
We went down this course to increase the numbers of casual boaters, increase money in our restaurants, money in our stores. With that (abandoned boats) out there in the harbor, those boats arent coming.
He said the police department will seize the boats in place, and after theyre forfeited, the city will sell the boats using a government auction website.
South Strand News is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not South Strand News.
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Benjamin Moore Paint the Picture: Week 24
Watch as the guys preview the Quakes' Canadian road trip
August 7, 2013
Ahead of the team's Canadian roadtrip, our expert analysts are back for another week of Quakes talk. They preview tonight's upcoming CCL match at Montreal Impact and the Quakes' Saturday fixture at the Vancouver Whitecaps.
Have a question? Tweet them at @SJEarthquakes, and join us at noon right here.


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Early Childhood Education Bachelor of Science Degree
Welcome to the Kent State University at Salem Early Childhood Education webpage.
Kent State University at Salem offers both the Associate of Arts and the Bachelor of Science Education in Early Childhood Education. Early Childhood Education spans birth to age eight. The Ohio license is for teaching children ages three to eight, preschool through 3rd grade.
The Early Childhood Education program is accredited by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) and Ohio's State Department of Education.
Kent State's early childhood program places a strong emphasis on field experience. Students will complete student teaching experiences in both pre-k and K-3 grades and numerous "field experience" hours associated with classes.


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Tuesday, October 15, 2013
John Thomas Jr., a Litchfield Beach community leader and former naval intelligence officer, announced Tuesday that he is running to replace three-term Georgetown County Councilman Jerry Oakley, who announced that he would not seek re-election and endorsed Thomas' candidacy. "I'm running for Georgetown County Council because I want to preserve and improve our quality of life. I feel blessed to live on the Waccamaw Neck, with its great people and natural resources, and want to make this an even better place to live. I believe I have the problem solving ability to understand and resolve community issues," Thomas said. "It would be an honor to follow in Jerry Oakley's footsteps. He has set a very high bar of performance in representing District 1. I am grateful to have earned his endorsement." Oakley, also a Litchfield resident, said that 12 years in office was enough and that it was an easy decision to step aside with a person of Thomas' caliber running in next year's election. "John has the background and ability. He has demonstrated his dedication, diligence, energy, and political savvy as an effective leader of a large POA. John is a conservative Republican, committed to preserving our quality of life. He is the ideal candidate. I hope John is elected because he will represent us very well," Oakley said. Thomas, a Republican, said that he supports low taxes, cost efficient government, job growth, smart land use planning, and environmental stewardship. "The Waccamaw Neck is a great place and we want to keep it that way. I think that it's important that we as a county carefully plan for the future, especially in better balancing the county's tourism and manufacturing economies. Georgetown County badly needs the tax base and job growth that can occur through development of the western portion of the county," Thomas said. A native of Columbia, SC, Thomas is the current president of the Litchfield Beaches Property Owners Association. He is a retired naval intelligence Commander and former defense contractor. Thomas graduated from Vanderbilt University with a degree in civil engineering. In addition to his naval career, Thomas was a traffic engineer for the Tennessee Department of Transportation. Thomas helped establish the Winyah Master Naturalist Association, which promotes stewardship of South Carolina natural resources through science-based education and community service. He is also a volunteer with South Carolina United Turtle Enthusiasts, dedicated to sea turtle conservation in Georgetown and Horry counties. Garden City Beach and most of Murrells Inlet and Litchfield are in County Council District 1.
South Strand News is pleased to offer readers the enhanced ability to comment on stories. We expect our readers to engage in lively, yet civil discourse. We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. Responsibility for the statements posted lies with the person submitting the comment, not South Strand News.
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The leading outdoor design magazine!
- Established in 1985
- Quarterly, ad-free, and "book-like"
- Rich garden photography, collector worthy
- Plant-rich, idea-filled gardens
- Local ideas: plants, furnishings, decor
- Plant, design, product, and travel advice
The APLD International Landscape Design Awards Program honors the best in landscape design from around the world. The program brings exceptional talent to the attention of peers, potential clients and the world of design. Entry categories include residential, non-residential, small gardens, plan ...Read More »
Nationally renowned designer of container gardens Tina Dixon will speak on creating memorable container gardens with tips on choosing proper soil, containers and plants, whileRead More »
SCOTT CALHOUN will speak on Provocative Succulents: A Rollicking Trip into the World of Cactus and Succulents. Join Calhoun for a talk exploring the origins and contemporary uses of garden succulents in everything from design to nutrition, ceremony and transcendence. The talk will conclude with ...Read More »
Gardenfest! is presented by the Garden Club of Indian River County. Portions of the proceeds support civic projects. Missed Gardenfest! this year? See us next year, our 11th year, on February 4 & 5, 2012 in Riverside Park at 3250 Riverside Park Drive, Vero Beach.Read More »
ROBIN RIVET will discuss Trees of Ill Repute: Shifting From Maligned to Benign. Responding to the question "Can we mend our broken urban forest?", Rivet will explore how the urban forest impacts a city's sustainability. She will share some cool ecological evaluation tools, some lesser known tree ...Read More »
On February 23-26, 2012, the San Francisco Orchid Society™s 60th annual Pacific Orchid Exposition will coincide with the 75th anniversary of the Golden Gate Bridge, combining the worlds of horticulture and architecture to form an event to be remembered. The Pacific Orchid Exposition is ...Read More »
International Flora Festival, showcasing the rarest & most spectacular plants from the country in magnificent landscape displays.It also feature foreign exhibits from other countries, with foreign judges participating in the awards selection.A 2-day conference with foreign and loca ...Read More »
SUSAN HEEGER and JIMMY WILLIAMS will take us From Seed to Skillet. They will journey us through a 400 year Williams family history of starting vegetables, herbes, berries and fruits from seed, processing the soil, planting, tending, harvesting, preserving, and sharing the garden's bounty with fa ...Read More »
The Home Gardeners School is a fun filled day of gardening workshops that cover a wide range of topics including: beekeeping, backyard chickens and their care, composting, canning, pruning, fresh flower arranging, rain barrels, organic foods, butterfly gardening, annuals/perennials and much much ...Read More »
Fabulous gardens in the La Mesa area of San Diego will be featured on this year's Garden Tour. Many of the gardens have been featured in San Diego Home/Garden Lifestyles Magazine. Tickets will be available on the SDHS website.Read More »


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Many familiar names in Charleston, along with a couple of new ones, showed up today as semifinalists on the 2013 James Beard Foundation Awards list.
The list of local restaurants and chefs being considered for the "Oscars of the food world" is led by The Ordinary, which is nominated for Best New Restaurant. The oyster bar and seafood house opened in late December on upper King Street.
It's the latest restaurant venture of Mike Lata, who previously won Best Chef Southeast in the awards, and business partner Adam Nemirow. The two also operate FIG (Food is Good) on Meeting Street.
Sean Brock of McCrady's and Husk restaurants is up for Outstanding Chef for the second consecutive year. He was declared Best Chef Southeast in 2010 before the opening of Husk later that year.
Charleston also has three chefs among semifinalists for Best Chef Southeast: Jeremiah Bacon of The Macintosh, Craig Deihl of Cypress and Joshua Keeler of Two Boroughs Larder.
Charleston Grill at Charleston Place Hotel is a contender for Outstanding Wine Program.
The semifinalists were selected by a Restaurant and Chef Committee from more than 44,000 online entries in 20 categories.
On March 18, the foundation will reveal a list of five finalists in each category, determined by more than 600 culinary professionals nationwide. The winners will be announced May 6 during a gala ceremony in New York City.
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We do not edit user submitted statements and we cannot promise that readers will not occasionally find offensive or inaccurate comments posted in the comments area. If you find a comment that is objectionable, please click the X that appears in the upper right corner when you hover over a comment. This will send the comment to Facebook for review. Please be reminded, however, that in accordance with our Terms of Use and federal law, we are under no obligation to remove any third party comments posted on our website. Read our full terms and conditions.


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Attachment Sets
A vacuum cleaner is one of the appliances that every household should have. It makes cleaning the wall-to-wall carpeting or bare floors very easy. The vacuum cleaners that are available today are compact and light weight. They also come along with a wide variety of attachments and accessories to make the cleaning task easier.
How to use a vacuum cleaner to clean a carpeted room
•Most of the new vacuum cleaners have a removable and reusable canister. While in the older vacs, the dirt and debris is deposited in a bag. These bags have to be replaced with new ones every now and then. The canisters can be emptied washed, dried and reused.
•Before vacuuming a room, remove all the smaller items and put them away because contemporary vacuums have powerful suction pumps. Small items can be sucked in easily.
•If you're vacuuming the carpets and rugs adjust the height of the vacuum cleaner accordingly. If the height of the vacuum cleaner is high, there will not be enough suction power and if it is low, the airflow will not be enough.
•Gently glide the vacuum forward and backward over the carpet to remove as much dirt as possible.
•To clean the corners and under the furniture, use the hose with exchangeable ends, and other attachments such as nozzles. Most of the top branded vacuum cleaners have a series of attachments to make your work very easy.
If you're interested in purchasing a new vacuum cleaner or any of the attachments, the right place is GoVacuum.com. Here we have a wide variety of accessories of all the leading brands. These can be bought from us online at reasonable prices. We stock our vacuums and their accessories based on the performance, durability and repair record.
Eureka 045143 Wonderwand Cleaning Attachment$14.76Eureka 045143 Wonderwand Cleaning Attachment Learn More
Royal Dirt Devil Brush Roll Assembly - Revised 2881020000$18.25Royal Dirt Devil Brush Roll Assembly - Revised 2881020000 Learn More
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Tag: whitney
Medical Monday: A Prescription For Disaster
Whitney Houston has been laid to rest. But the investigation into her death continues. Rumors swirl that the singer mixed a deadly cocktail of prescription drugs and alcohol. In this week's Medical Monday, Shawn Cunningham examines the importance of following the instructions of using prescritoon drugs to the letter.


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North Carolina Attorney General Roy Cooper issued an alert Wednesday, Feb. 13 concerning the need for credit card security when it comes to user fees.
According to the alert, credit card users have been warned that extra fees may be placed on the card by retailers for a usage charge. Each time the card is used, the retailer is required to pay a fee to the credit card company for the transaction. Previously the credit card companies and large banks were prohibited from passing that fee's cost on to the customer, said Attorney General Cooper. However, he said that retailers have taken the credit card companies to court and received a settlement agreement that prevented the card companies from stopping this surcharge.
The added charge is supposed to represent the merchant's cost to accept the card, said Cooper, and can range from 1.5 percent to as much as 4 percent of your purchase price - not including sales tax.
While merchants are legally allowed to charge the fee, they are not required to do so. According to the alert from Cooper, many merchants are not rushing to impose the surcharge. If a retailer is going to add the fee, they are required to tell you of the action. The required notice may be in the form of a notice posted at the entrance to the store or at the cash register, and must be printed on the receipt.
Retailers are also required to alert you to the fee if you shop online. The settlement does not affect debit cards or American Express cards.
If you believe you have been charged this fee without being notified about it, or have been charged the fee on the entire amount rather than just the retail price, let us know, said Cooper. Contact the Attorney General's Consumer Protection Division by calling 1-877-5-NO-SCAM or file a complaint online at www.ncdoj.gov.
To reach Taylor Pardue, call 336-835-1513 ext. 15, or email him at email@example.com.


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Click Here to Watch the Whole Video in HD at Out In Public
This website contains tales and footage of gay sex in public places. Our team hits the streets in popular vacation towns looking for guys.
In this week's update we're out doing what we do best! We spot this guy having some lunch and I knew I had to approach him. He seemed pretty cool, carried on a conversation with us, but seemed a bit distracted. I threw out the offer and he was skeptical, even brought up that he had a girl friend, and that he was on his way to see her or something like that. But, for some reason, I kept being persistant, and my boy was going at him too, until he finally complied with us and came with us for our afternoon anal-a-lation, if that even makes sense. Let me tell you guys something... yeah, he claimed to be straight, but he was hypnotized when he saw my friend's cock! He started throwing that thing down his mouth; he liked it so much that he took it up his ass while claiming to be straight. STAY TUNED!
Pixels: 320X240 | Bitrate: 350K
Pixels: 640X480 | Bitrate: 700K


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Nolan Leather Armchair
- Overview
Perfectly sized for a smaller space, this compact armchair has the same tight reclined back and rounded silhouette of the classic leather club chair.
- 30" w x 38" d x 33" h
- Top grain leather.
- Polyester wrapped seat cushion.
- For shipping and return information, click on the shipping info tab.
- For more information: Leather Chairs Collection Guide.
- For successful delivery: Fit & Measuring Guide and Video.
- Create a floor plan with our interactive Room Planner.
- Made in America.
- Dimensions & Care
- Overall: 30" w x 38" d x 33" h
- Seat: 19" w x 23" d x 17" h
- Back Height: 33"
- Diagonal Depth: 32"
- Arms: 5.5" w x 23" h
- Front Legs (nonremovable): 2" sq., 4" h
- Back Legs (nonremovable): 1.75" w x 2.25" d x 4" h
- Weight: 60 lb
Care & Content
- Avoid direct heat and sunlight; dust and vacuum regularly.
- Thorough cleaning by a leather specialist only. Over-the-counter cleaning products are not recommended.
More Features
- Our exquisite top-grain leather is carefully dyed to accentuate the natural variations that are unique to each hide. No artificial finishes are used to mask the leather's natural imperfections.
- Eco-friendly construction includes frame padding and seat cushions made of 30% soy-based material and hand-tied coil springs made of partially recycled heavy-gauge steel.
- Kiln-dried hardwood frame is corner blocked with double-dowel joinery.
- Should you ever need to purchase a replacement cushion, our associates can place that order for you at any time. For assistance, please call 888.779.5176.
Replacement Cushions
- Shipping Info
This is an upholstered furniture item.
View our Shipping Information
Customer Service - Shipping Information
Return Policy
At Pottery Barn, we take great pride in the quality and craftsmanship of our products. Attention to design, materials, safety and construction is our priority. We carefully inspect your order prior to shipment. Upon receipt, please inspect your purchase and notify us of any damage; we will arrange for a prompt replacement. If, within 7 days for Quick Ship upholstery and 30 days for all other products, you are dissatisfied for any reason, you may return your purchase for a refund of the merchandise value.
We cannot accept returns on monogrammed, personalized, special-order items, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items which are identified by a price which ends in .99.
For returns of items purchased from your Pottery Barn registry, we will gladly provide a refund or exchange for the merchandise within 90 days of your event or within 90 days of purchase, whichever date is later.
You may return merchandise through the mail for a refund or replacement. For detailed procedures for returning items through the mail, please contact Customer Service at 1.888.779.5176, 7 days a week, 5:00am - 9:00pm (PT).


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Thank you. If a matching email exists we will send you an email in a few minutes with instructions on how to reset your password.
Don't forget to check your spam folder if you cannot find the email. For further assistance please contact us at email@example.com .Okay
A loosely woven rattan cover gives this glass terrarium an intriguing rustic edge.
Roost is delighted to share their passion for creating objets that are livable, beautifully made and entirely special. Their line ranges from small, precious gifts to large furniture pieces that define a room. The diversity of their line allows you to select just the right assortment to create a personal expression for your home.


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A locking component for locking a medical device onto a guide wire. Such medical devices include, for example, an embolic filter assembly used to capture embolic material that may be created and released into a patient's vasculature during a stenting or angioplasty procedure. The embolic filter assembly tracks along the guide wire, and is delivered to a treatment site where it is locked in place and deployed. The locking component enables the filter assembly to lock onto any standard guide wire, and does not require a modified guide wire that has a specially-designed fitting or stop to accomplish the locking function.
1. An embolic protection device that locks to any point along a guide wire, comprising:
an elongated guide wire core, the core having a proximal end and a distal end;
a first guide wire coil, the first guide wire coil having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the first guide wire coil is constructed of a plurality of turns of wire radially disposed about the distal guide wire core, and the proximal end of the guide wire coil is affixed to the guide wire core adjacent to the distal end of the guide wire core;
a filter assembly having a proximal end and a distal end, disposed on the guide wire core; and
a second guide wire coil, the second guide wire coil having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the second guide wire coil is constructed of a plurality of turns of wire, and the proximal end of the second guide wire coil is coupled to the distal end of the filter assembly, wherein the second guide wire coil is configured to overlay the first guide wire coil such that turns of the second guide wire coil interlace with turns from the first guide wire coil to lock the second guide wire coil to the first guide wire coil.
2. The embolic protection device of
3. The embolic protection device of
4. The embolic protection device of
5. The embolic protection device of
6. An embolic protection system for use in a patient, comprising:
a guide wire having a core without stops;
a filter assembly having a first end and a second end; and
a locking component disposed on at least one of the ends of the filter assembly, the locking component having an expanded state and a contracted state;
wherein the locking component locks on the guide wire core when the locking component is transformed from the expanded state to the contracted state; and
the guide wire core includes a distal coil, and the locking component includes a locking coil at least partially overlying the distal coil such that turns of the locking coil and the distal coil interlace and engage.
7. The embolic protection system of
8. The embolic protection system of
9. The embolic protection system of
10. The embolic protection system of
11. The embolic protection system of
12. The embolic protection system of
The present invention relates generally to medical devices used to perform interventional procedures in a patient's vasculature, which can be delivered through a body lumen via a steerable guide wire and into an area of treatment such as, for example, a stenosed or occluded region of an artery or other body vessel. The present invention is more particularly directed to a locking component disposed on a medical device to allow the medical device to be delivered along the guide wire to the treatment area and locked in place. The locking component of the present invention is intended for use on a standard guide wire of the physician's choice, and does not require a modified guide wire with specially-designed stops or other mechanisms to accomplish the locking function.
Numerous medical procedures have been devised for treating occluded blood vessels to allow blood to flow without obstruction. Such procedures usually involve the percutaneous introduction of an interventional device into the lumen of the artery, usually by a catheter. One widely known and medically accepted procedure is balloon angioplasty in which an inflatable balloon is introduced within the stenosed region of the blood vessel to dilate the occluded vessel. The balloon dilatation catheter is initially inserted into the patient's arterial system and is advanced and manipulated into the area of stenosis in the artery. The balloon is inflated to compress the plaque and press the vessel wall radially outward to increase the diameter of the blood vessel, resulting in increased blood flow. The balloon is then deflated to a small profile so that the dilatation catheter can be withdrawn from the patient's vasculature and the blood flow resumed through the dilated artery. As should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, while the above described procedure is typical, it is not the only method used in angioplasty.
Another procedure is laser angioplasty which uses a laser to ablate the stenosis by super heating and vaporizing the deposited plaque. Atherectomy is yet another method of treating a stenosed body vessel in which cutting blades are rotated to shave the deposited plaque from the arterial wall. A vacuum catheter is usually used to capture the shaved plaque or thrombus from the blood stream during this procedure.
In the procedures of the kind referenced above, abrupt reclosure may occur or restenosis of the artery may develop over time, which may require another angioplasty procedure, a surgical bypass operation, or some other method of repairing or strengthening the area. To reduce the likelihood of the occurrence of reclosure and to strengthen the area, a physician can implant an intravascular prosthesis for maintaining vascular patency, commonly known as a stent, inside the artery across the lesion. The stent can be crimped tightly onto the balloon portion of the catheter and transported in its delivery diameter through the patient's vasculature. At the deployment site, the stent is expanded to a larger diameter, often by inflating the balloon portion of the catheter.
The above non-surgical interventional procedures, when successful, avoid the necessity of major surgical operations. However, there is one common problem which can become associated with all of these non-surgical procedures, namely, the potential release of embolic debris into the bloodstream that can occlude distal vasculature and cause significant health problems to the patient. For example, during deployment of a stent, it is possible that the metal struts of the stent can cut into the stenosis and create particles of plaque that can travel downstream and lodge somewhere in the patient's vascular system. Pieces of plaque material are sometimes generated during a balloon angioplasty procedure and are released into the bloodstream. Additionally, while complete vaporization of plaque is the intended goal during laser angioplasty, sometimes particles are not fully vaporized and enter the bloodstream. Likewise, not all of the emboli created during an atherectomy procedure may be drawn into the vacuum catheter and, as a result, may enter the bloodstream as well.
When any of the above described procedures are performed in the carotid arteries, the release of emboli into the circulatory system can be extremely dangerous and sometimes fatal to the patient. Debris carried by the bloodstream to distal vessels of the brain can cause cerebral vessels to occlude, resulting in a stroke, and in some cases, death. Therefore, although cerebral percutaneous transluminal angioplasty has been performed in the past, the number of procedures performed has been somewhat limited due to the justifiable fear of an embolic stroke occurring should embolic debris enter the bloodstream and block vital downstream blood passages.
Medical devices have been developed to attempt to deal with the problem created when debris or fragments enter the circulatory system following vessel treatment utilizing any one of the above identified procedures. One approach which has been attempted is the cutting of any debris into minute sizes which pose little chance of becoming occluded in major vessels within the patient's vasculature. However, it is often difficult to control the size of the fragments which are formed, and the potential risk of vessel occlusion still exists, making such a procedure in the carotid arteries a high risk proposition.
Other techniques include the use of catheters with a vacuum source which provides temporary suction to remove embolic debris from the bloodstream. However, as mentioned above, there can be complications associated with such systems if the catheter does not remove all of the embolic material from the bloodstream. Also, a powerful suction could cause trauma to the patient's vasculature.
Another technique which has had some success relies on a filter or trap downstream from the treatment site to capture embolic debris before it reaches the smaller blood vessels downstream. The placement of a filter in the patient's vasculature during treatment of the vascular lesion can reduce the presence of the embolic debris in the bloodstream. Such embolic filters are usually delivered in a collapsed position through the patient's vasculature and then expanded to trap the embolic debris. Some of these embolic filters are self-expanding so a restraining sheath is needed to maintain the filter in a collapsed position until it is ready to be deployed within the patient's vasculature. At the target site, the physician can retract the proximal end of the restraining sheath to expose the expandable filter thus allowing the filter to self-expand. Once the procedure is completed, the filter can be collapsed, and the filter with the trapped embolic debris can then be withdrawn from the vessel. While a filter can be effective in capturing embolic material, the filter still needs to be collapsed and removed from the vessel. During this step, there is a possibility that trapped embolic debris can backflow through the inlet opening of the filter and enter the bloodstream as the filtering system is being collapsed and removed from the patient. Therefore, it is important that any captured embolic debris remain trapped within this filter so that particles are not released back into the body vessel.
In order to properly locate and deploy an expandable filter at the target site, some prior art expandable filters vessel are affixed to the distal end of a guide wire or guide wire like member. This allows the filtering device to be steered in the patient's vasculature as the guide wire is positioned by the physician. Once the guide wire is in proper position in the vasculature, the embolic filter can be deployed to capture embolic debris. The guide wire can then be used by the physician to deliver interventional devices such as a balloon angioplasty dilatation catheter or a stent delivery catheter, and to perform the interventional procedure in the area of treatment. After the procedure is completed, a recovery sheath can be delivered over the guide wire using over-the-wire or rapid exchange (RX) techniques to collapse the expanded filter for removal from the patient's vasculature.
Some prior art filtering devices use a filter assembly that separately tracks over the guide wire and attaches to a special fitting or stop located near the distal end of the guide wire. These filtration devices require the stop to be placed near the distal end of the guide wire. The bulk and location of the stop on the guide wire, however, can detrimentally affect the ability of the physician to steer the guide wire and to reach the target area in the patient's vasculature. Depending on its shape and size, the stop formed on the guide wire might cause the guide wire to hang or catch inside a patient's tortuous anatomy, or it might injure the vessel wall. These particular filter systems also require additional manufacturing procedures to properly mount the stop onto the steerable guide wire. Accordingly, the presence of the stop near the distal end of the guide wire may cause unwanted problems during advancement of the guide wire through the patient's vasculature.
Furthermore, many physicians have a preferred brand or type of guide wire that they use during select intravascular procedures. If the filter device requires a specially designed guide wire having a unique fitting or stop to lock to that filter device, then the physician cannot use his or her preferred guide wire due to possible incompatibility between the favored guide wire and the filter device.
Therefore, what is needed is a mechanism for locking a medical device onto a conventional, unmodified guide wire. In particular, there is a need for a filtering system that includes a filter device that is easy to deliver, attaches to a standard guide wire, and eliminates the need for a special fitting or stop formed on the guide wire to help position the filter device. Also, it would be beneficial if the filtering device can be rotatably mounted on the guide wire to prevent the deployed filtering device from rotating while the guide wire is torqued and possibly scraping the vessel wall. The present invention satisfies these and other needs.
The present invention relates to a medical device, such as an embolic filter assembly, having a locking component that locks the device to a standard guide wire. As such, the locking component can be used in conjunction with conventional, off-the-shelf guide wires, and does not need specially-designed guide wires with fittings or stops to engage the locking component. Furthermore, the locking component of the present invention is capable of being attached to or formed as part of any medical device that needs to be positioned on a guide wire and locked in place.
The locking function of the present invention is intended to selectively immobilize, preferably in one or both directions, the medical device at a predetermined position along the length of the guide wire. Although linear travel may be limited proximally, distally, or both, the medical device may still be free to rotate about the guide wire even when locked to the guide wire.
In one embodiment, the embolic protection system includes a guide wire with an elongated core without a stop, a filter assembly having a proximal end and a distal end, and a locking component disposed at one of the ends of the filter assembly. The locking component is adapted to lock onto any point along the guide wire elongated core. Several embodiments of the locking component can be used to lock the filter assembly onto the guide wire, and each of these embodiments is described in detail below.
An embodiment of the locking component used for securing a filter assembly to an elongated wire core includes a frame bushing having a tapered inner diameter that is disposed on the filter assembly. The locking component also includes an interlocking bushing having a first end and a second end, wherein the second end is slidably positioned within the tapered profile, inner diameter of the frame bushing. Both the frame bushing and complementary interlocking bushing are designed to track over the elongated wire core. In this embodiment, filter assembly is secured to the elongated wire core when the second end of the interlocking bushing is pushed into the tapered inner diameter of the frame bushing. A diameter of the second end of the interlocking bushing is decreased from the force applied by the tapered inner diameter when the interlocking bushing is pushed toward and into the frame bushing, thereby causing the second end of the interlocking bushing to grasp or grip the elongated wire core. An optional third bushing, called a crush bushing, may also be used to lock onto the elongated wire core. The third bushing is disposed partially within the interlocking bushing, and as the second end of the interlocking bushing is forced into a smaller diameter, the crush bushing is deformed to constrict onto the elongated wire core.
In another embodiment, an embolic protection system includes a guide wire having an elongated core without stops, and a filter assembly which is disposed on the elongated core for movement therealong. The filter assembly has a first end and a second end, and the locking component in this embodiment is a self-contracting elastic tube disposed on one of the ends of the filter assembly. One end of the elastic tube extends from the filter assembly while a free end of the elastic tube grips down around the wire core to secure the filter assembly thereon. When delivering the filter assembly to the distal end of the guide wire inside a body lumen, a hypotube is used to help move the filter assembly along the wire core. The hypotube is preferably positioned beneath the self-contracting elastic tube to prevent the elastic tube from gripping the guide wire while the filter assembly is traveling along the wire core; as such, the free end of the elastic tube is removably mounted onto the hypotube. By slightly withdrawing the hypotube from underneath, the free end of the elastic tube at least partially self-contracts and locks down onto the wire core.
In yet another embodiment, the locking component or locking device is designed to allow free movement of the filter assembly in one direction and to prevent movement of the filter assembly in the opposite direction. For instance, the locking device is disposed at one end of the filter assembly and allows the filter assembly to move distally toward the treatment site along the guide wire, but locks and prevents the filter assembly from traveling proximally toward the physician. In this embodiment, the locking device includes a thrust bearing. The thrust bearing includes a housing having a tapered interior diametrical profile, and a roller positioned inside the housing that wedges against the guide wire when rolling along the tapered interior diametrical profile of the housing from a greater diameter to a lesser diameter.
In order to control movement in opposite directions, it is possible to have a first locking device disposed at the first end of the filter assembly and a second locking device disposed at the second end of the filter assembly, where the first locking device prevents movement of the filter assembly in the distal direction and the second locking device prevents movement of the filter assembly in the proximal direction. In order to move the filter assembly along the guide wire distally toward the treatment site, the first locking device is temporarily disabled. To temporarily disable the first locking device, a hypotube engages the roller therein to prevent the roller from moving along the tapered interior diametrical profile and wedging itself against the housing and guide wire. Once the filter assembly is in position, the hypotube is withdrawn. The wedging action is thus enabled, and the first locking device prevents the filter assembly from moving farther distally.
A further embodiment of a locking component or interlocking mechanism includes a housing containing a gripping member that has an expanded state and a contracted state. The interlocking mechanism also includes a cap that engages or screws onto an end of the housing. Once the filter assembly is located at the desired position on the guide wire, the filter assembly is locked-onto the guide wire by tightening the cap onto the housing to transform the gripping member from the expanded state to the contracted state. In one embodiment, the gripping member is a threaded collet, and the cap includes a tapered inner diameter with complementary threads. When the cap is rotationally advanced onto the collet, the action forces the collet into the contracted state thus gripping on to the guide wire.
In another embodiment the gripping member is an o-ring, and the cap having a longitudinal axis, includes an internal surface oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis. As such, when the cap is screwed onto the housing, the action compresses the o-ring into the contracted state to grip the guide wire.
In still another embodiment, an embolic protection system includes a guide wire having an elongated core with a proximal end and a distal end, and a coil disposed at the distal end of the guide wire. A filter assembly has first and second ends and is disposed for travel along the guide wire core, and has a locking component. The locking component is a self-contracting locking coil extending from the filter assembly with a free end. Alternatively, the locking coil may be a discrete structure that is bonded to one of the ends of the filter assembly. The system further includes an optional hypotube disposed over the guide wire, and on which is mounted the locking coil. In use, once the filter assembly is moved to the distal end of the guide wire, the hypotube is at least partially withdrawn from underneath the free end of the locking coil. This allows the free end to contract and grip the tip coil or like structure of the guide wire.
In various other embodiments, the locking component of an embolic protection system includes a variety of shrink tubes. The shrink tube extends from one end of the embolic filter, and both track over a standard guide wire without a stop. At the deployment site, the shrink tube is thermally or chemically actuated so that it shrinks down in diameter to grip the wire core. For this to occur, the shrink tube is preferably made from a shape memory metal or polymer.
If made from a metal, the material may be a nickel-titanium alloy having an austenitic shape set to a smaller diameter while the martensitic shape is deformed to have a larger diameter to facilitate movement along the guide wire. To activate the locking function, heat is introduced to the shrink tube so that the alloy transforms from martensite to its remembered austenitic shape. This causes the shrink down in diameter. Alternatively, the shrink tube may already be in the austenitic phase while in the body lumen, and a hypotube supporting the shrink tube from underneath prevents the shrink tube from shrinking. The hypotube is withdrawn at the appropriate instance thus allowing the shrink tube to constrict onto the guide wire.
If the shrink tube is made from a polymer instead of a metal, it may be a heat shrinkable type. Such heat shrinkable materials include polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyethylene, and the like. Other shape memory polymeric materials can change by a change in acidity, water absorption, and the like. Once at the filter lock-down site, the shrink tube is exposed to heat or similar catalyst.
The present invention further provides a separately deliverable filter assembly having an expandable basket or cage and a filter element. In use, the filter assembly is designed to capture embolic debris created during the performance of a therapeutic interventional procedure or other unwanted particulates entrained in the fluid of a body vessel. The present invention allows the physician to deliver the guide wire of his or her choice with "front line" capabilities to steer through the tortuous anatomy, while still being able to provide filtering protection in the form of a separately deliverable attachment.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described herein. To be sure, the present invention can be used in arteries, veins, and other body vessels. By altering the size of this design, the present invention would be suitable for coronary, peripheral, and neurological applications. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying exemplary drawings.
The present invention relates to a locking component used to lock a medical device on to a standard guide wire. As such, the locking component does not need to be used with a specially designed guide wire having a complementary "fitting" or "stop" thereon in order to accomplish the locking function. That is, such a standard guide wire has no "fitting" or "stop" defined as any structure formed on the wire or attached thereto before sterilization, whose position relative to the wire is generally stationary or has very restricted linear and/or rotational movement, that is intended to engage a mating locking component of a filtering device or like medical device in order to (a) prevent or limit the movement of that filter device along the guide wire, and/or to (b) assist in the deployment of the filter device.
The above definition of a "fitting" or "stop," however, does not encompass common fixtures found on a guide wire core such as a tip coil, a shaping ribbon, or the like. Further, the definition of "fitting" or "stop" should not encompass what is known in the art as a "step catch." A "step catch" is a stop that is first tracked over the wire so that a mating component can later engage that stop.
For ease of illustration, the following exemplary embodiments are directed to locking components that are attached or disposed on embolic filtering devices, although it is understood that the present invention is applicable for use with other medical devices that can be delivered in over-the-wire fashion and locked to a standard guide wire. It is contemplated that by altering the size of the components, the present invention can be suitable for coronary, peripheral, and neurological applications. It is understood that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described herein.
Turning now to the drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like or corresponding elements in the drawings,
The embolic filtering system 20 preferably includes an expandable filter assembly 24 having a self-expanding basket or cage 26 and a filter element 28 attached thereto. The filter assembly 24 has a proximal or first end 30 and a distal or second end 32, and in the embodiment shown in
The physician next delivers an interventional device along the guide wire to treat the stenosis 42, or he can first deploy an embolic filtering device past the stenosis 42 to catch possible particles that could break from the stenosis during treatment. If the physician decides to opt for distal embolic protection, a restraining or delivery sheath 44 that delivers the filter assembly 24 separately along the guide wire 34 in a collapsed position can be advanced along the guide wire and downstream from the lesion.
Once the filter assembly 24 is positioned at the distal end section 40 of the guide wire downstream from the lesion, it is locked against the guide wire in place. The expandable filter assembly 24 can then be deployed by the physician by simply retracting the delivery sheath 44 proximally to expose the expandable filter assembly 24. As the restraining sheath 44 is retracted, the self-expanding basket 26 immediately begins to expand within the body lumen 38, causing the filter element 28 to expand as well. By having a locking component 22 that can attach at any point along the elongated core 36 of the guide wire without the use of stops or other mechanisms specially formed on the guide wire, the physician is able to use a standard, off-the-shelf guide wire of his or her choice.
As shown in
Referring specifically now to
As mentioned earlier, the guide wire locking component 22 is preferably used with a conventional guide wire 34. Referring now to
In general, the standard guide wire used in conjunction with the various embodiments of the present invention locking component does not have a stop, and none is shown in
Referring now to
The second end 64 of the interlocking bushing 60 is fitted within the central passage 76 of the frame bushing 70 at the first end 72 and is secured inside the central passage 76 of the frame bushing 70 by a lip 84 formed at an opening on the first end 72 of the frame bushing. In a preferred embodiment, the locking component 22 a further includes a crush bushing 86 that is disposed within the central passageways 68 and 76 of both the interlocking bushing 60 and frame bushing 70. As seen in the drawings, the length of the crush bushing 86 preferably extends from near the first end 62 of the interlocking bushing 60 to the recess 80 formed inside the frame bushing 70, although the length may vary.
In use, the embolic filtering system 20 including locking component 22 a, is positioned at the distal end section 40 of the pre-deployed guide wire 34 by advancing the delivery sheath 44 and a floating hypotube 88 together distally. As shown in
Referring to
When the intravascular procedure is completed, a recovery sheath 92, as shown in
In another embodiment shown in
Yet another embodiment of a locking component is shown in
In this embodiment, the second end 108 of the bushing 102 is optionally bonded to the proximal end 30 of the filter assembly 24 and to the outer diameter of the inner housing tube 114. There is also an optional bond between the outer diameter of the connecting end 116 of the inner housing tube 114 and the inner diameter of a portion of the elastic tube 104. Of course, these structures may alternatively be formed as one piece with the filter assembly 24.
To prevent the free end 105 of the elastic tube 104 from contracting and gripping onto the guide wire 34 during delivery of the filter assembly 24 to the distal end section 40 of the guide wire, a floating hypotube 118 is positioned underneath the elastic tube 104 and abuts the connecting end 116 of the inner housing tube 114. The free end 105 of the elastic tube 104 is stretched to fit over the floating hypotube 118. There may be a lubricious coating on the contacting surfaces of housing tube 114 and floating hypotube 118 to minimize friction. This design allows the floating hypotube 118 to push directly against the inner housing tube 114 for basket deployment.
Once the filter assembly 24 including the locking component 22 b is positioned at the distal end section 40 of the guide wire, the floating hypotube 118 is translated proximally while the delivery sheath 44 is held stationary. The hypotube 118 optionally has a length sufficient long for the physician to access and move it from its proximal end; a linkage of some type can be used for this purpose too. The movement of the floating hypotube 118 relative to the elastic tube 104 at least partially dismounts the free end 105 of the elastic tube 104 from the floating hypotube 118. When dismounted from the floating hypotube 118, the free end 105 of the elastic tube 104 constricts and grips onto the guide wire 34 to secure the filter assembly 24 thereon. This embodiment of the filter assembly 24 shown in
Although a particular embodiment is shown in
Another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in
The locking device 22 c of this embodiment is a thrust bearing. The thrust bearing includes a housing 120 having a first end 122 and a second end 124, with a tapered profile interior diametrical section 126 adjacent to the first end and a flat profile interior diametrical section 128 adjacent to the second end. Located within the housing 120 is a roller 130 that wedges against the guide wire when the roller rolls along the tapered interior diameter of the housing from a greater diameter to a lesser diameter. The roller 130 in this embodiment includes a thrust plate 132 that holds a loose set of ball, pin, or needle bearings 134 in a circular arrangement. An optional spring 136 is positioned inside the housing 120 within the flat interior diameter section 128 and one end of the spring is pressed against the thrust plate 132 to bias the roller tightly against the tapered interior diametrical section 126. The housing 120 is hollow with openings at both ends to allow the guide wire to pass through.
When the guide wire 34 is moved in the direction away from the ramp or tapered interior section 126, the guide wire passes with little resistance. On the other hand, when the guide wire 34 is moved in the direction of the tapered interior section 126, the biasing force from the spring 136 urges the roller 130 onto the tapered interior section. The smaller space of the tapered interior section forces the ball bearings closer together and reduces the inside diameter of the roller thereby wedging or pinching the roller down onto the guide wire. Accordingly, this roller clutch mechanism is self-actualizing and relies on a wedging principle of operation.
Referring again to
Another embodiment of a locking component is shown in
The shape memory tubing 150 includes a tubular body 154 having a first end 156 and a second end 158. The tubular body 154 is slidably positioned along the elongated core of a guide wire, and the first end 156 is attached to or formed from the filter assembly that is to be locked to the elongated core. The second end 158 grips the elongated core when the tubular body is transformed from an expanded state to a contracted state. In an expanded state or non-contracted shape, the inside diameter of the tubular body 154 is larger than the outside diameter of the guide wire, and the tubular body 154 can be moved along the guide wire until the filter assembly is at a desired target site. At this moment, the shape memory tubing 150 transforms into the contracted state, thereby decreasing its inside diameter so that the shape memory tubing grips onto the elongated core.
In one embodiment, the shape memory tubing 150 can be made of a shape memory polymeric material such as a heat shrinkable polymeric tubing section. The tubing has an inside diameter slightly larger than the largest outside diameter of the guide wire 34 so that the filter assembly can freely traverse along the length of the guide wire. Once the filter assembly is at the desired location, the shape memory tubing is heat shrunk to its contracted state to grip onto the guide wire. The heat shrink tubing can be contracted down to grip on to the wire core, or on to any conventional structure found on a standard guide wire, such as a tip or intermediate coil, a solder bead, or the like.
To activate the polymeric heat shrink tubing material, an infrared radiation source such as a laser or focused lamp, a sterile heat gun, an injection of heated saline, or any other source of heat known in the art may be used; known methods of cross-linking thermoplastic polymer tubing may likewise be used. Indeed, all heat shrinkable, biocompatible, polymeric tubing known in the art can be used, and preferably include polynorbornene, polytetrafluoroethylene ("PTFE"), polyethylene, polyurethane, or polyvinyl chloride ("PVC").
Other shape memory polymeric materials can also be used to form the shape memory tubing 150. For example, shape memory polymers whose shape memory is triggered by means of pH or acidity change in the ambient fluid, or liquid absorption, are contemplated. Such polymeric materials can be found in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,163,952 (Froix) whose contents are hereby incorporated by reference.
The shape memory tubing 150 may also include a two-component shape memory polymer, with one component being a "hard," high glass temperature polymer for setting the original shape, and the other complementary component being a "switch" low glass temperature polymer for changing the shape. These shape memory polymers can be returned to a remembered state using a number of stimuli including heat or UV light.
When applying shape memory polymers to a locking component, the filter assembly is preferably first secured onto the distal end of the guide wire while outside of the patient's body. As a result, use of these shape memory polymers as locking components can quickly transform any standard guide wire without a stop into a guide wire with an appended embolic filter. Once the filter assembly is attached to the physician's choice of guide wires, the modified guide wire with the filter assembly collapsed by a delivery sheath is inserted into and positioned within the body lumen of the patient.
In another embodiment, the shape memory tubing 150 is preferably made from a shape memory metal such as nickel-titanium ("nitinol").
The locking component embodied in the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy tubing can be attached to the guide wire before or during the medical procedure on a pre-deployed guide wire. To attach the locking component on a guide wire prior to the medical procedure, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy tubing is heated from a low temperature, martensitic phase to a high temperature, austenitic phase, which austenitic phase recovers the remembered shape. Generally speaking, a transition temperature (usually designated Ms, Mf, As, or Af) separates one phase from the other, and in one embodiment, the transition temperature is set at about 37 degrees C., or human body temperature, or just below that temperature. When the nickel-titanium alloy is heated to above the transformation temperature, the tubing reverts to its austenitic, remembered shape. If the remembered shape is heat set to have a small diameter, reversion of the tubing to this small diameter remembered shape contracts the tubing onto the guide wire.
While below the transition temperature in the martensitic phase, the locking component with filter assembly attached is deformed to a larger diameter to fit on to the distal end of the guide wire. The locking component is then heated to above the transition temperature. It now transitions into the austenitic phase shrinking down in diameter to lock on to the guide wire. The guide wire can thus be modified to add a filter assembly to the distal tip while outside the patient's body prior to the procedure. A delivery sheath, used to collapse the self-expanding filter assembly would, of course, be needed prior to insertion in a patient.
The above principle can be applied to the shape memory tubing while inside the body. First, the shape memory tubing is joined to or is formed from one end of the filter assembly as shown in
In an alternative embodiment (not shown), a hypotube is slidably disposed over the guide wire and located underneath the shape memory tubing 150. The tendency of the nickel-titanium alloy when exposed to high temperatures to revert back to its small diameter remembered shape is resisted by the fixed diameter hypotube underneath. When situated on the hypotube, the alloy is in its stress-induced martensitic (SIM) phase. Once at the target site, the hypotube is withdrawn through conventional methods thus allowing the now unsupported shape memory tubing to self-contract onto the guide wire. In the self-contraction, the alloy generally transforms from SIM to the austenitic phase. This embodiment may be more accurately characterized as applying psuedoelasticity or superelasticity of the alloy rather than the shape memory effect, because when the support or stress is removed causes the phase change, and that phase change occurs isothermally. Also, an optional lubricious coating may be added to the hypotube exterior to ease dismount of the shape memory tubing 150 from the hypotube.
The recovery or transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy may be altered by making minor variations in the composition of the metal and in processing the material. In developing the correct composition, biological temperature compatibility must be determined in order to select the correct transition temperature. In other words, when the nitinol metal is heated, it must not be so hot that it is incompatible with the surrounding body tissue.
Other shape memory materials may also be used, such as, but not limited to, irradiated memory polymers such as autocrosslinkable high density polyethylene (HDPEX). Shape memory alloys are known in the art and are discussed in, for example, "Shape Memory Alloys," Scientific American, Vol. 281, pp. 74-82 (November 1979), whose contents are incorporated herein by reference.
Referring now to
As seen in
In another embodiment shown in
Because it is restricted from expansion in all other directions, to maintain its volume under this compression, the only unrestricted direction is radially inward to close down the donut hole. Thus, advancing the cap 164 compresses the o-ring which in turn closes down the donut hole thereby clamping down on a guide wire passing therethrough.
Once at the desired location on the guide wire 34, the ends 180 and 182 of the tool 178 are fitted over the caps 164, which are loosely attached to the housing 160. The physician can then turn the tool 178 in one direction using the handle 184 to tighten the caps 164. Only one direction is needed to tighten both caps at once by having a left-hand thread on the locking component 22 e at the proximal end 30 of the filter assembly 24 and a right-hand thread on the locking component at the distal end 32 of the filter assembly. By tightening the cap 164 onto the housing 160, the gripping member 162 is forced into its contracted state to grip onto the guide wire 34. Any standard guide wire can be transformed into a filter guide wire by attaching a filter assembly having the locking component 22 e attached at one or both of its ends.
Referring now to
As seen in
This embodiment only requires that the guide wire have a conventional coil 38 disposed thereon, and does not require the guide wire to have any special features, such as a stop, to facilitate locking the filter assembly thereto. In this embodiment of the invention, the elongated guide wire core has no stops thereon. Further, the tip/intermediate coils 38 and locking coil 190 can have any pitch and any number of turns. The number of turns and pitches of the coils 38, 190 may be different as shown or may be the same. The wire diameters of the coils 38, 190 may be different as shown or the same. Regarding the compliance or stiffness of the coils 38, 190, this characteristic can be selected as necessary to maximize guide wire performance so long as there is enough stiffness to interlock the coils and minimize inadvertent detachment of or slippage between the coils 38, 190.
Preferably, the locking coil 190 has a smaller diameter than the tip/intermediate coils 38 to favor the interlacing action where the smaller diameter wires easily slip in between the turns of the larger tip/intermediate coils 38. Also, it is preferable to have different pitches between the locking coil 190 and the tip/intermediate coils 38 to improve contact and make for a better lock between the parts.
The locking component 22 f described above can be used to attach an embolic protection device to a guide wire to capture embolic debris released into a blood vessel of a patient. A guide wire 34 having an elongated core 36 with proximal and distal ends and a coil 38 disposed at the distal end of the guide wire is inserted into a blood vessel and advanced to a treatment area. The filter assembly 24 is then slidably mounted onto the guide wire and advanced along with the hypotube 196 that is positioned between the guide wire and the filter assembly and which radially supports the self-contracting locking coil 190 in an expanded state.
The filter assembly 24, being collapsed by a delivery sheath, and the hypotube 196 are then directed to the distal end section of the guide wire which should be positioned downstream from the treatment area. Once the locking coil 190 extending from the distal end 32 of the filter assembly 24 is positioned at least partially over one of the tip coils 38 of the guide wire, the hypotube 196 is withdrawn proximally out of the body lumen, thereby allowing the free end 194 of the coil 190 to contract around the tip coil. This locks the filter assembly to the guide wire as shown in
A similar embodiment is shown in
It is also possible for the locking coil 200 to be pushed over a solder that is attaching an intermediate coil to the guide wire and locked onto the intermediate coil. Hence, the locking coil 200 can be locked onto the turns of the distal coil or coils, the weld or solder bead, or both. In sum, this embodiment may be used on any guide wire having a conventional coil that is welded or soldered to the core, and no special feature such as a stop is needed to lock the locking component to the wire core.
The dimensions and specifications of each of the locking components described above can be varied to meet almost any design criteria. For coronary and other procedures which typically use about a 0.014 inch diameter guide wire, the maximum coil outer diameter should be about 0.0138 inch. The proximal guide wire core would be about 0.012 inch or the maximum diameter that would fit into the tapered opening. It should be appreciated that modifications can be made to the guide wire, filter assembly and guide wire locking component without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The elongated core which forms part of the guide wire is typically comprised of metal, preferably stainless steel or a nickel-titanium alloy or a combination thereof, but can also consist of any material that yields the approximate mechanical properties of the named metals so long as the material is sufficiently biocompatible. Other materials such as high strength alloys may also be used for the core, either alone, or in combination with other materials such as those previously mentioned. The proximal section of the core and any portion of the core not covered by the flexible body or coil may optionally be used with a lubricious coating such as a flouropolymer, e.g., TEFLON� by DuPont. It may also be coated with a silicone based coating, such as MICROGLIDE� coating used by the present assignee, Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. on many of its commercially available guide wires. Other similar coatings, for example, hydrophyllic coatings, or a combination of any of the above-mentioned coatings may also be used.
The flexible body or coil 38 can be disposed around all or part of the guide wire 34. The flexible body can be comprised of many suitable materials that allow for increasing the diameter of the guide wire in the distal section without adding substantial stiffness to that section. Suitable materials include polymers, composites, and metals. Preferably the flexible body is comprised of a helical shaped metallic coil, more preferably a metal or composition of metal or alloys with some degree of radiopacity in order to facilitate flouroscopic viewing of the device while in use. Metals suitable for the flexible body may include gold, platinum, tantalum, stainless steel, and nickel-titanium alloys, MP35N, or a combination or alloy of any of the foregoing. A flexible body comprised of metallic helical coils is typically comprised of coil winding material that can have a cross-sectional diameter of about 0.001 inch (0.025 mm) to about 0.008 inch (0.20 mm), preferably about 0.002 inch (0.05 mm) to about 0.004 inch (0.1 mm).
The expandable basket of the filter assembly can be made in many ways. One particular method of making the basket is to cut a tubular member, such as nickel-titanium hypotube, to remove portions of the tubing in the desired pattern for each strut, leaving relatively untouched the portions of the tubing which form the structure. The tubing may be cut into the desired pattern by means of a numerical or computer controlled laser. The tubing used to make the basket can be made of suitable biocompatible material, such as spring steel. Elgiloy is another material which could possibly be used to manufacture the basket. Also, very elastic polymers could be used to manufacture the basket.
The strut size is often very small, so the tubing from which the basket is made may have a small diameter. Typically, the tubing has an outer diameter on the order of about 0.020-0.040 inch in the unexpanded condition. Also, the basket can be cut from large diameter tubing. Fittings are attached to both ends of the lased tube to form the final basket geometry. The wall thickness of the tubing is usually about 0.076 mm (0.001-0.010 inch). As can be appreciated, the strut width and/or depth at the bending points are less. For baskets deployed in a body lumen, such as with PTA applications, the dimensions of the tubing may be correspondingly larger. While it is preferred that the basket be made from laser cut tubing, those skilled in the art realize that the basket can be laser cut from a flat sheet and then rolled up in a tubular configuration with the longitudinal seam welded.
Generally, the tubing is put in a rotatable collet fixture of a machine controlled mandrel for positioning the tubing relative to a laser. According to machine encoded instructions, the tubing is rotated and moved longitudinally relative to the laser, which is also machine controlled. The laser selectively removes the material from the tubing by ablation and a pattern of openings is cut into the tube. The basket can thus be laser cut much like a stent is laser cut. Details on how the tubing can be cut by a laser are found, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,759,192 (Saunders), 5,780,807 (Saunders), and 6,131,266 (Saunders), whose contents are hereby incorporated by reference.
The polymeric material which can be used to create the filter element include, but is not limited to, polyurethane and Gortex, both commercially available materials. Other possible suitable materials include ePTFE. The material can be elastic or inelastic. The wall thickness of the filter element is preferably about 0.00050-0.0050 inch. The wall thickness may vary depending on the particular material selected. The material can be shaped into a cone or similar shape using blow mold technology or dip molding technology.
Perfusion openings in the filter element can be any number of shapes or sizes. A laser, a heated rod, or other methods can be used to create to perfusion openings in the filter material. The openings would, of course, be properly sized to prevent passage of the embolic debris. The perfusion openings can be lased preferably into a spiral pattern or some similar pattern that aids in the re-wrapping of the filter media during closure of the device. Additionally, the filter material can have a "set" put in it much like the "set" used in dilatation balloons to make the filter element re-wrap more easily when transitioning into the collapsed state.
The restraining sheath can be made from a polymeric material such as cross-linked HDPE. The sheath can alternatively be made from a material such as polyolefin, which has sufficient strength to hold the compressed filter assembly, and which has a relatively low coefficient of friction to minimize any drag between the filter assembly and the sheath. Friction can be further reduced by applying a coat of silicone lubricant, such as MICROGLIDE�, to the inside surface of the restraining sheath before the sheath is placed over the filter assembly. Silicone also can be placed on the filter material as well.
Further modifications and improvements can be made to the devices and methods disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited, except as by the appended claims.
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Here in the heart of Western New York, at the gateway to Letchworth State Park, the Grand Canyon of the East... a paddle stroke away from Silver Lake and its famous Sea Serpent is Perry, NY.
Seasons speak here, from fall foliage at Letchworth State Park to swimming, ice fishing, and boating at Silver Lake... the sea serpent... mini golf, cruise night, and live performances at the Silver Lake Twin Drive-In and Charcoal Corral they do it all against the busy backdrop of business.
Sound like an idyllic small town of yester-year? A bit, perhaps, but have a look around...
...and learn a little more about Perry!
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Betsy Cottrell Schoolcraft, age 64, of Prestonsburg, wife of Floyd Raymond Schoolcraft, passed away Monday, Oct. 8, 2012, at Pikeville Medical Center.
She was born March 27, 1948, in Prestonsburg, the daughter of the late Fred and Madelyn Boyd Cottrell. She was a secretary and member of the First United Methodist Church, in Prestonsburg.
In addition to her husband, Floyd, Betsy is survived by two sons, Richie Schoolcraft and Lee (Angela) Schoolcraft, both of Prestonsburg; a daughter, Madelyn (Bryan) Allen, of Prestonsburg; a brother, Fred Cottrell Jr., of Prestonsburg; a sister, Carolyn DelBello, of Lexington; and three grandchildren, Christopher Schoolcraft, Marley Allen and Brady Allen.
Funeral services for Betsy Schoolcraft will be held at 1 p.m., Thursday, Oct. 11, at the First United Methodist Church, in Prestonsburg, with James Adams and Jerry Workman officiating. Burial will follow in the Richmond Cemetery, in Prestonsburg.
Hall Funeral Home, of Martin, is in charge of arrangements.


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The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga women's tennis team had two individuals and one doubles tandem advance in the main draw on the opening day of the UTC Steve Baras Fall Classic at the Champions Club. Sophomore Kayla Jones (Memphis, Tenn.) won both her singles and doubles matches to lead the Lady Mocs.
Jones teamed up with fellow sophomore Katie Polk (Woodstock, Ga.) to post an 8-6 win over Amandine Faouzi and Marcela Jiminez of Eastern Kentucky in the No. 2 draw. It was the only doubles win in three matches for UTC, but Jones and Polk will compete in tomorrow's semifinals.
Jones scored a strong (6-2, 6-1) win over Faouzi in the No. 1 singles bracket. She will face UAB's Rachel Daniell in Saturday's semifinals.
Junior Claire Mulyadi (Semarang, Indonesia) also had a solid start to her season. She posted a three-set win over UT Martin's Sarah Candeloro (6-1, 4-6, 7-5) in the No. 3 singles bracket. She faces Eastern Kentucky's Milena Poffo in tomorrow's semis.
Singles and doubles consolation and main draw matches resume tomorrow at 8:00 a.m. (E.D.T.) at the Champions Club. Be sure to check back to GoMocs.com for complete results and updated draws.
Singles 1
Kristina Labeja (EKU) def. Kaylene Chadwell (UTC) – 6-1, 6-4
Kayla Jones (UTC) def. Amandine Faouzi (EKU) – 6-2, 6-1
Singles 2
Carla Suga (MSU) def. Alexa Flynn (UTC) – 6-2, 6-3
Singles 3
Claire Mulyadi (UTC) def. Sarah Candeloro (UTM) – 6-1, 4-6, 7-5
Singles 4
Jenny Borck (Lip) def. Alison Storie (UTC) – 6-4, 3-6, 6-4
Singles 5
Catherine Ragon (UAB) def. Jovana Pecovski (UTC) – 6-3, 6-4
Doubles 1
Virginia Stein/Jana Hueckinghaus (KSU) def. Alexa Flynn/Kaylene Chadwell (UTC) – 8-5
Doubles 2
Kayla Jones/Katie Polk (UTC) def. Amandine Faouzi/Marcela Jiminez (EKU) – 8-6
Doubles 3
Jessica Silva/Burcu Tari (UTM) def. Claire Mulyadi/Alison Storie (UTC) – 8-6


text: The Bealls Black Friday 2013 ad has 48 pages of fantastic deals and doorbusters. It also comes with 2 coupons for an extra 25% off a single item. Bealls will be open from 6pm to 1am Thanksgiving night and again at 6am on Black Friday. The first 50 people in line will get a Surprise Scratch-Off Card good for Bealls coupons and credit. Some of Bealls biggest deals include 75% off their entire stock of jewelry, half off cold-weather accessories, and an Android tablet for $49.99. Doorbuster prices will be valid through 1pm on Black Friday, while supplies last.


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Manchester offers a four-year doctoral program that leads to the awarding of the Doctor of Pharmacy degree (Pharm.D.). The College of Pharmacy enrolled its first class in 2012 at the Fort Wayne campus. Applicants for admission should successfully meet pre-pharmacy curriculum and GPA requirements.
* Manchester University's Doctor of Pharmacy program has been granted Candidate status by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. For information regarding accreditation status, click here.
The Master of Athletic Training degree prepares students to become Certified Athletic Trainers (ATC®). The MAT program is "entry-level," designed for students with a bachelor's degree, but with minimal knowledge and experience in athletic training and who did not major in athletic training as
undergraduates. Graduates of CAATE*-approved programs are not eligible for admission.
Upon successful completion of all clinical and didactic components of the MAT program, students are eligible to take the Board of Certification (BOC) examination in athletic training.** Passing the BOC examination leads to awarding of the credential ATC®.
*Commission on Accreditation on Athletic Training Education
** The Manchester University Master of Athletic Training program is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE). Only graduates of CAATE-accredited programs are eligible to take the BOC examination.
Manchester University's Post-Baccalaureate Pre-Health Professions Program is designed to prepare college graduates who have a bachelor's degree in a non-science field and want to pursue a professional degree in a health care field such as pharmacy or medicine. It is an accelerated program that incorporates a rigorous curriculum with plenty of personal attention.
The curriculum, a one year program divided into six eight-week blocks, meets pre-requisite requirements for many pharmacy and medical schools and some dental and veterinary programs. In addition to core classes such as microbiology and anatomy, the program will give students a well-rounded and holistic approach to health care, including courses in economics, communications and writing skills designed for health care professionals. The program also includes preparatory courses for health professional school entrance exams, such as the PCAT (pharmacy), MCAT (medical school) and DAT (dental).
Manchester University
604 E. College Ave.
North Manchester, IN 46962


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Show details
Family-owned Acrylic Tank Manufacturing creates custom aquariums for high-profile clientele.
Wayde King (Host), Brett Raymer (Host), Nancy Glass (Executive Producer), Eric Neuhaus (Executive Producer), Melinda Toporoff (Executive Producer)
We're sorry, there are no episodes of "Tanked" available to record on your "East Coast " lineup in the next 14 days.
If your idea of an exciting aquarium is the run-of-the-mill rectangular variety with a few exotic fish thrown in, you're not welcome in the wet and wonderful world of Wayde King and Brett Raymer. The brothers-in-law, best friends and business partners operate Acrylic Tank Manufacturing, the biggest aquarium-building manufacturer in the U.S. ``Tanked'' showcases the guys, their family members who also work at ATM and the shop's crew as they create over-the-top aquariums for a wide array of clients, both celebrities and regular folks. The tanks range from 50 to 50,000 gallons in size, are filled with some of the world's most unusual, colorful and quirky fish, and are limited only by one's imagination.
Current cast
Wayde King Brett Raymer
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Canon EOS 1D
The EOS 10D brings an unprecedented level of features, controls and value to the advanced amateur and studio photographer. It has a newly designed, rugged body with a magnesium alloy exterior, a 6.3 MP CMOS sensor which incorporates Canon's exclusive DIGIC Image Processor, high-speed, 7-point wide area AF with superimposed focusing points, user adjustable parameters to change 4 aspects of image quality, 3 frames per second speed (up to 9 shots in JPEG or simultaneous RAW/JPEG mode), and a pop-up flash. The EOS 10D is compatible with Canon's entire range of EF lenses, digital printers and Speedlites, has USB connectivity, selectable color spaces, Exif 2.2 and DPOF 1.1 support, and includes Canon's capture software for Mac OS and Windows. With these advanced features in an easy-to-use interface, the EOS 10D makes digital EOS photography available to everyone.
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The Chris King 12x142mm Thru-Axle ISO Disc Rear Hub comes ready to slip into any frame that accepts a 12x142mm thru-axle. It could be cross-country bikes, trail bikes, all-mountain bikes, etc. It doesn't matter the style, only that you're ready to experience a new level of stiffness and security for the rear of your bike.
The difference between this hub and their standard 135mm ISO Disc Hub is the absence of the old quick release skewer. The alloy shell is the same, and it uses the same RingDrive freehub system. Most importantly, you'll get the same buzzing-swarm-of-bees sound when you coast. The 12x142mm thru-axle hub uses just that -- a 12mm thru-axle to clamp the rear hub into the frame. It's a great choice for full suspension frames because it will add stiffness and rigidity to a rear triangle full of articulating pivot points. What you will get from this is more precise rear wheel tracking over nasty terrain, and a side benefit of less flex is longer pivot life.
Of course, the Chris King 12x142mm Thru-Axle ISO Disc Rear Hub will give you inexhaustible high-performance and a polished exterior finish that is unrivalled for its beauty. It's available with 32 holes and in Black and Red.
Tech Specs
Reviews & Community
What do you think of the
Chris King Thru-Axle ISO Rear 12x142mm Disc Hub
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what cassettes is the free-hub driver compatible with?
jason sager
It'll last longer than your bike
- Familiarity: I've put it through the wringer
I'm running rear King hubs that were originally built in 2008. They've gone from 10x135mm QR set ups on 26'ers, to 12x142 on 27.5'ers, and now that same hub is on my 29'er as a 12x142. Oh and the 29'er version did part time duty on my disc CX bike last fall. Such is the beauty of a modular axle system. Serviceable should you be so inclined, and even if you're not, it'll still work forever.
monsford bolasoc
Could i use sram xx cassette and 12?135...
Could i use sram xx cassette and 12×135 mojo hd rear triangle with this hubs?
jason sager
you can convert these hubs to several axle configurations, including 12x135.


text: A team's performance at the end of the season is reflected in how many losses they experience in their final games. The trend factor represents the number of losses in the last five games played. So, if a team wins 3 and loses 2 in its final 5 games, the trend factor is 2. If a team wins all five games, its trend factor is 0. This factor is added to the total TSI score (where lower is better), so the higher the number, the higher the index and the lower the probability of being selected to the tournament.


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Yoke Long Sleeve Bodysuit
Style # 208096
AVAILABILITY: Unavailable for immediate shipment.
A mix of structured heavy jersey and sheer yoke lace, make this bebe bodysuit a seriously sexy party top. Take it a step further in an embellished skirt and a pair of metallic heels.
- 90% nylon, 10% spandex
- Center back to hem: 17" (43 cm)
- Double snap button closure
- Lining
- Hand wash
- Imported
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a US size S
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