text:
A cardiac harness is configured to fit about a portion of a patient's heart so as to exert a compressive force on the heart during at least a portion of the cardiac cycle. The harness can be constructed of a plurality of individual modules assembled ex vivo or in vivo. The modules can have different physical characteristics, such as having different compliance, and may or may not include spring hinges. Portions of a cardiac harness can be connected to each other using a coupling mechanism such as, for example, a zip coupler.
1. A cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart, comprising:
a plurality of individual detached modules assembled together to form the harness by zip couplings having a coupling member for engaging zipper teeth.
2. The cardiac harness of
3. The cardiac harness of
4. The cardiac harness of
5. The cardiac harness of
6. The cardiac harness of
7. A cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart, comprising:
a plurality of individual modules assembled together to form the harness including a zip coupling having a coupling member for engaging zipper teeth, wherein at least one of the modules comprises a spring hinge.
8. The cardiac harness of
9. The cardiac harness of
10. A cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart, comprising:
a first module which extends along a first portion of a circumference of the harness; and
a second module which extends along a second portion of the circumference of the harness;
wherein the first and second modules are completely detached from one another until connected together by a zip coupling having a coupling member for engaging zipper teeth.
11. The cardiac harness of
12. The cardiac harness of
13. The cardiac harness of
14. The cardiac harness of
15. A method of making a cardiac harness, comprising:
providing a plurality of detached modules; and
connecting the detached modules to one another to form the harness by use of a zip coupling having a coupling member for interlocking zipper teeth.
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. A method of making a cardiac harness, comprising:
providing a plurality of modules; and
connecting the modules to one another to form the harness by use of a zip coupling having a coupling member for interlocking zipper teeth, wherein the modules are assembled in vivo by using the coupling member to interlock the zipper teeth in vivo, wherein the modules are delivered to the heart by minimally invasive access prior to assembly in vivo.
19. A method of treating a diseased heart, comprising:
providing a cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart and comprising a first end and a second end, the first end and the second end being adapted to be coupled to one another;
rolling at least a portion of the cardiac harness about an axis;
placing the rolled cardiac harness adjacent a portion of the patient's heart;
unrolling the harness so that the unrolled harness fits about the heart;
coupling the first end and the second end using a zip coupling; and
the zip coupling having a coupling member slidable along zipper teeth to interlock the zipper teeth.
20. The method of
21. The method of
22. The method of
23. The method of
24. The cardiac harness of
25. The cardiac harness of
26. The method of
27. The method of
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/322,089, which was filed on Sep. 10, 2001, the entirety of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a device for treating heart failure. More specifically, the invention relates to a cardiac harness configured to be fit around at least a portion of a patient's heart.
2. Description of the Related Art
Congestive heart failure ("CHF") is characterized by the failure of the heart to pump blood at sufficient flow rates to meet the metabolic demand of tissues, especially the demand for oxygen. One characteristic of CHF is remodeling of at least portions of a patient's heart. Remodeling involves physical changes to the size, shape and thickness of the heart wall. For example, a damaged left ventricle may have some localized thinning and stretching of a portion of the myocardium. The thinned portion of the myocardium often is functionally impaired, and other portions of the myocardium attempt to compensate. As a result, the other portions of the myocardium may expand so that the stroke volume of the ventricle is maintained notwithstanding the impaired zone of the myocardium. Such expansion may cause the left ventricle to assume a somewhat spherical shape.
Cardiac remodeling often subjects the heart wall to increased wall tension or stress, which further impairs the heart's functional performance. Often, the heart wall will dilate further in order to compensate for the impairment caused by such increased stress. Thus, a vicious cycle can result, in which dilation leads to further dilation and greater functional impairment.
Historically, congestive heart failure has been managed with a variety of drugs. Devices have also been used to improve cardiac output. For example, left ventricular assist pumps help the heart to pump blood. Multi-chamber pacing has also been employed to optimally synchronize the beating of the heart chambers to improve cardiac output. Various skeletal muscles, such as the latissimus dorsi, have been used to assist ventricular pumping. Researchers and cardiac surgeons have also experimented with prosthetic "girdles" disposed around the heart. One such design is a prosthetic "sock" or "jacket" that is wrapped around the heart.
Although some of the above-discussed devices hold promise, there remains a need in the art for a device for treating CHF to prevent a remodeled heart from further remodeling and/or help reverse remodeling of a diseased heart.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a cardiac harness is configured to fit about a patient's heart. The harness comprises a plurality of individual modules that are assembled together to form the harness.
In accordance with another aspect, the present invention provides a cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart. A first module of the harness extends along a first portion of a circumference of the harness. A second module extends along a second portion of the circumference of the harness. The first and second modules are connected to one another.
In accordance with still another aspect, the present invention provides a cardiac harness configured to fit about a patient's heart. A zip coupler is configured to selectively draw a first portion of the harness adjacent to a second portion of the harness.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, a method of making a cardiac harness comprises providing a plurality of modules and connecting the modules to one another to form the harness.
In accordance with a still further aspect, the present invention provides a method of treating a diseased heart. A cardiac harness is provided and is configured to fit about a patient's heart. The harness has a first end and a second end that are adapted to be coupled to one another. At least a portion of the harness is rolled about an axis. The rolled harness is placed adjacent a portion of the patient's heart, and the harness is unrolled so that the unrolled harness fits about the heart.
In accordance with yet another aspect, the present invention provides a cardiac harness comprising a plurality of modules adapted to be coupled to each other. Each of the modules comprises a plurality of spring elements.
In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, a cardiac harness is provided having a plurality of modules. Each module has a first edge, a second edge, and a zip coupling mechanism. The zip coupling mechanism selectively draws the first and second edges adjacent to one another.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, a cardiac harness is provided. The cardiac harness is configured to fit about a patient's heart, and has a base portion, an apex portion and a medial portion between the apex and base portions. The apex portion has a plurality of spiral shaped elongate members. Each spiral shaped elongate member is connected at one end to the medial portion and at the other end to a terminal member.
In accordance with a still further aspect of the present invention, a cardiac harness is provided having a base portion, an apex portion and a medial portion between the apex and base portions. The base portion has interconnected spring elements that are oriented so that the collective spring force around the circumference of the base portion is in a first direction. The medial portion has interconnected spring elements oriented so that the collective spring force around at least a portion of the circumference of the medial portion is in a second direction substantially different than the first direction.
In accordance with yet a further aspect, the present invention provides a cardiac harness having a central cavity for receiving a portion of a patient's heart so that the harness contacts the wall of the heart substantially throughout the cavity. The harness has a plurality of protrusions extending inwardly so that interference between the protrusion and the wall of the heart aids retention of the harness on the heart.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to one of skill in the art in view of the Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments which follows, when considered together with the attached drawings and claims.
The term "cardiac harness" as used herein is a broad term that refers to a device fit onto a patient's heart to apply a compressive force on the heart during at least a portion of the cardiac cycle. Other devices that are intended to be fit onto a heart and are referred to in the art as "girdles," "socks," "jackets," or the like are included within the meaning of "cardiac harness."
The cardiac harness 32 illustrated in
With continued reference to
As shown in
In the medial portion 56, strands 60 are oriented so that spring elements 61 expand and contract in a generally longitudinal direction. Additionally, several of the longitudinally-extending strands 60 are connected to one another by interconnecting spring elements 62, which connect the strands 60 but still allow relative movement therebetween. However, some longitudinal strands 60 are not connected to adjacent longitudinal strands 60; these unconnected longitudinal strands can move freely relative to one another in the transverse direction. As shown, the medial portion 56 includes a combination of spring directions. Of course, the longitudinally-directed springs 61 exert a spring force in the longitudinal direction, and the transversely-directed springs 62 exert a spring force in the transverse direction. Collectively, however, the spring hinges 61, 62 in the medial portion 56 exert a spring force around the circumference of the harness 50 that is directed in a medial direction between the longitudinal and transverse directions.
In the apex portion 54, an "archimedes spiral" 64 configuration of the harness allows compliant expansion and deformation of the harness in more than one direction. The archimedes spiral 64 comprises a plurality of spiral shaped elongate members 66 disposed adjacent one another. A first end 68 of each of the elongate members 66 is connected to the medial portion 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the elongate member 66 is coextensive with a longitudinally-oriented spring hinge 61. A second end 69 of each elongate member 66 is connected to a terminal member 70. As such, a plurality of spiral shaped elongate members 66 are connected to a terminal member 70. The illustrated archimedes spiral 64 in the apex portion 54 has relatively high compliance, and is most compliant in a longitudinal direction.
In a mammalian heart, the heart muscle cells in the base region tend to expand and contract in a generally transverse direction during pumping of the heart. In the apex region, the heart muscles tend to expand and contract in a generally longitudinal direction. Between the apex and base regions of the heart, the heart muscles generally expand in directions between the longitudinal and transverse directions. As such, the arrangement of spring hinges in the base, medial and apex portions 52, 56, 54 of the harness 50 illustrated in
With continued reference to
In another embodiment, the interconnecting elements comprise compliant springs. Such compliant interconnecting elements help maintain the relative positions of the strands but allow for longitudinal expansion and contraction of the heart with little or no resistance by the harness. Thus, compliant interconnecting elements also help the harness avoid foreshortening.
As discussed above, the cardiac harness embodiment illustrated in
Although the embodiments of
In the embodiment illustrated in
One aspect of the cardiac harness 50 shown in
In another embodiment, drawn wire can be formed into undulating strands of spring hinges that collectively form a cardiac harness. A cardiac harness 32 formed of drawn wire can be configured so that adjacent rows 34 of spring hinges 32 overlap and are interwoven with one another as shown in the embodiment of
Embodiments of cardiac harnesses can be provided in various sizes, shapes and configurations. As discussed above, the harness 50 embodiment illustrated in
The compliance of a cardiac harness can be custom-tailored as desired during manufacture by using special configurations of the spring elements. Not every spring element in the harness need have the same compliance characteristics. For example, some spring elements may have longer arms than other spring elements. The longer-armed hinges likely will be more compliant than the shorter-armed hinges. Another way to vary compliance for different areas of the harness is for some spring elements to be thicker than others. The thicker springs will resist deformation with a greater force. Depending upon placement of the spring elements, one portion or area of the harness can be more compliant than other areas of the harness.
In one embodiment, a first set of springs deform readily upon application of a first threshold force, and a second set of springs begin to deform only when a second force threshold has been reached. Thus, the cardiac harness exhibits a compliance curve that is very compliant over a first range of strain but becomes dramatically stiffer upon reaching a chosen threshold of strain. This can be helpful if it is desired to exert more compressive force on a larger heart than on a smaller, possibly-less-diseased heart.
With continued reference to
Another embodiment of an anchoring apparatus is represented in
In a still further embodiment, a portion of the harness can be configured to protrude into the central cavity by providing one or more spring hinges that are stiffer than surrounding spring hinges. Since such stiffer spring hinges will not be as compliant as the surrounding harness, they will have more of a tendency to protrude into the central cavity and thus provide additional interference between the harness and the wall of the heart.
As discussed above, various configurations of spring elements 92 can advantageously be used in a cardiac harness. Such configurations may include several rows 94 of spring elements 92 that may or may not be interconnected together by connecting elements 96. Further, such connecting elements may also include spring elements or even an elastic material so that the adjacent rows of spring hinges are moveable relative to one another.
Installation Methods and Apparatus
Any suitable method can be employed to install a cardiac harness on a patient's heart. For example, the harness can be slid over the heart during an open thoracic surgery procedure or during a surgery using minimally-invasive methods. However, hearts, especially beating hearts, are slippery and can be difficult to work with. Additionally, in order for the harness to apply a compressive force on the heart when installed, the harness preferably is somewhat smaller than the patient's heart when the spring hinges are at rest. As the harness is drawn over the heart during installation, the harness squeezes the heart, and the heart may tend to slide away from the harness, making it difficult to install the harness onto the heart.
In accordance with another embodiment, a cardiac harness can be installed on the heart without having to slide an intact harness over the heart. Instead, a harness such as that shown in
With reference next to
The actuator or coupling member 126 can be advanced by hand or can be held with a tool to advance it along the length of the mating components 120. Once interlocked, the mating teeth 122 provide circumferential strength for the harness 110 and also provide some longitudinal strength. When the harness is closed, the zip coupler 118 is interposed between the harness edges 112, 114, and the edges may thus be spaced from each other. However, circumferential forces in the harness 110 are communicated to spring hinges 125 adjacent the edges 112, 114 through the zip coupler 118.
It is to be understood that variations and embodiments of a zip coupler can be advantageously employed in the present invention. For example, any of a variety of zip coupling mechanisms can be used to obtain an effect similar to the illustrated zipper, which effect is that opposing edges are drawn transversely toward each other as an actuator member is moved longitudinally along the edges. Other exemplary zip coupling mechanisms include "zip-lock" type mechanisms in which a first elongate mating component having a male member engages a second elongate mating component having a female member.
In the illustrated embodiment, the coupling member 126 selectively locks or unlocks the mating components 120. Thus, if the coupling member 126 is advanced to close the harness 110 about the heart 30, but the clinician is not satisfied with the fit or positioning of the device, the coupling member 126 can be retracted so as to unlock the mating components and loosen the harness. This enables the clinician to easily adjust and resecure the device on the patient's heart.
After the mating components 120 have been locked together, the coupling member 126 can be left in place or can be completely removed from the zip coupling mechanism 118. The mating components 120 will remain interlocked after the coupling member 126 is removed. However, with a conventional zipper, when the coupling member has been removed, there is a chance that the mating components will unlock from each other if the ends of the components are not held together. To counteract this possibility, a secondary coupling 128 is provided to hold the mating components 120 in an interlocked position at two or more locations along their length. The secondary coupling 128 prevents the mating components from working apart from each other.
Secondary coupling members can comprise clips, sutures or the like. In another embodiment, the secondary coupling members comprise a pair of relatively small and biologically inert magnets arranged to hold the mating components together. The magnets preferably comprise rare earth magnets made of neodymium, iron and/or boron and are available from Jobmaster Magnets. In one embodiment, the magnets are attached to the edges of the cardiac harness or to the mating components by an epoxy, and are arranged to automatically engage one another when the harness is closed. As such, no additional steps are required to apply a secondary coupling.
The mating components 120 and coupling member 126 can be formed of any material, such as metals or polymers. As discussed above, the mating components 120 may be attached to a fabric backing 124, which in turn is attached to the corresponding harness edge 112, 114. However, it is to be understood that the elongate mating components can also be attached directly to the harness, or can even be co-formed therewith.
In the illustrated embodiment, a zip coupling mechanism is used in conjunction with a cardiac harness 130 having spring hinges 138. It is to be understood, however, that a zip coupling mechanism can be used with any type of cardiac harness. For example, a cardiac harness constructed of an elastic or nonelastic woven or knit fabric, polyester mesh or other material can include a zip coupling mechanism. Such a harness can have first and second edges having elongate mating components that can be coupled together by a coupler member in a manner as discussed above.
The mating components can be attached directly to the first and second edges, or can be mounted on a fabric backing which is attached to the edges. In some embodiments, the fabric backing comprises a compliant or elastic material. As such, even if the harness is relatively inelastic, the elastic fabric backing of the zip coupler provides some compliance. As such, there is less of a chance that the harness will be too tight when installed on the heart.
An important step in using a zip coupling apparatus is engaging the coupling member 126, 146 with both of the elongate mating members 120, 142 so that the mating members will interlock appropriately with each other as the coupling member is advanced. In an additional embodiment, a harness has a zip coupling mechanism having elongate mating members that are substantially longer than the harness so that beating of the heart does not substantially disturb a connection end of the mating members at which the coupling member is installed. In a still further embodiment, the mating members extend out of a patient's body cavity when the harness is placed adjacent to the heart and is ready to be finally coupled thereto. In this manner, the clinician can engage the coupling member with both elongate mating components at a position outside of the patient's body. Such engagement thus is comparatively easy. The clinician then advances the coupling member so as to close the harness about the heart. In another embodiment, the coupling member is already engaged with the elongate mating components when the harness is advanced into the patient's body cavity.
Once the coupling member is engaged, it can be advanced along the elongate mating components until the mating components are locked together. The coupling member can continue to be advanced until it extends. off of the mating components, and the coupling member can then be removed from the patient's body. The elongate mating components can then be trimmed so that they extend along the harness edges and have relatively little surplus length. As discussed above, magnets or other secondary coupling members can be provided to prevent the mating components from unraveling.
Modular Construction
In accordance with another embodiment, a cardiac harness includes a plurality of individual components or modules that are assembled together to form a cardiac harness. The modules can include zip couplings so that assembly of the harness comprises using the zip couplings to engage adjacent modules with each other. Other methods and apparatus for coupling adjacent modules, such as applying clips, glue or the like, can also be used. Still further, edges of at least some of the modules can be manufactured so as to engage opposing edges of adjacent modules through hooks, compression fittings or the like.
With reference next to
It is to be understood that several types of fasteners or coupling mechanisms can be used to couple adjacent modules. These mechanisms include releasable mechanisms such as the zip coupling mechanisms shown in
Assembly of cardiac harness modules can be accomplished ex vivo and/or in vivo. In vivo assembly can be performed as part of a minimally-invasive surgical delivery of the device. Modular construction of the harness is advantageous for minimally-invasive procedures because the profile of each module is smaller than the profile of the assembled harness. A smaller delivery opening and passage to the heart can be used if the harness is advanced module by module than if the harness is advanced fully assembled. Multiple zip couplings can be used to assemble the harness in vivo.
A modular harness allows for precise customization of the harness to a particular patient's heart size and needs. Compliance and placement of spring elements can be specially adapted for a patient's heart. For example, certain modules having a greater collective spring constant may be joined with modules having greater flexibility so that the stiffer spring elements are disposed around the patient's left ventricle, while the more compliant spring elements are provided around the rest of the patient's heart. Still further, some modules may include spring hinges while others do not.
A modular approach also allows a cardiac harness manufacturer to accommodate a broad range of heart shapes and sizes while maintaining a relatively low inventory of module sizes. This is because a limited number of modules of different sizes and compliance can be mixed and matched to construct cardiac harnesses having a broad range of sizes and compliance as required by patients.
The modules 150, 160 can be formed in various sizes and shapes. For example, the modules can comprise longitudinal strips, circumferential strips, spiral strips, or the like.
Scrolled Harness
With reference next to
As with previously discussed harness embodiments, the ribbon-shaped harness 180 preferably is formed of a flexible material. In the illustrated embodiment, the ribbon-shaped harness is etched from a flat sheet of Nitinol. In other embodiments, other materials, such as drawn Nitinol wire, can be used to formed a ribbon-shaped harness. Additionally, such a harness could be constructed out of flexible, non-metal and non-superelastic materials.
A deployment apparatus 190 comprises first and second deployment rods 192, 194 which are depicted in
With reference next to
To install the harness 180 on the patient's heart 30, the clinician positions the rods 192, 194 having the harness scrolled thereupon immediately adjacent the heart's epicardium, and then moves the rods 192, 194 around opposing sides of the heart while rotating the rods. As the rods move about the heart, the harness 180 unscrolls from the rods and onto the heart epicardium, as illustrated in
Any suitable apparatus or method can be used to engage the ends with one another and/or to releasably hold the ends to the deployment rods. For example, clips, sutures, surgical adhesives, magnets, biodegradable materials, etc. can suitably be used.
With next reference to
Once the harness 180 is placed around the heart 30 as depicted in
It is to be understood that a variety of methods and apparatus for joining the opposing edges of the harness can be employed. For example, magnets, sutures, clips, medical adhesives and the like can be used to join the ends
In one embodiment, a Nitinol ribbon-type harness is formed to fit a patient's heart size and shape and then is annealed in that position so that it will "remember" the shape. The harness will assume the annealed shape within a patient's body even though the harness may be deformed when scrolled upon the rods. In another embodiment, the Nitinol harness is first scrolled about the rods and then annealed in the scrolled configuration. For both of these embodiments, once the harness is deployed around the patient's heart, it exerts an inwardly-directed compressive force on the heart, which force will alleviate wall stress during diastolic filling of the heart.
With reference next to
A proximal end of the deployment rods 192, 194 is supported by a handle 216. An actuator rod 218 extends proximally from the handle 216. The actuator rod 218 rotates with the first deployment rod 192. With specific reference to
Sizing the Cardiac Harness
One consideration when applying a cardiac harness to a patient's heart in order to resist remodeling and promote reverse remodeling of the heart is to obtain a correctly sized cardiac harness to apply to the patient's heart. It is important to achieve a proper tension of the harness in order to apply an appropriate inwardly-directed compressive force so as to reduce wall stresses in the heart. If too much tension is provided, the heart could be constricted. If too little tension is provided, the device will provide reduced or no benefit for the patient.
Existing fabric harnesses, such as the Acorn™ Cardiac Support Device (CSD), require a surgeon to first loosely install the device over the patient's heart, and then manually tension the device while the device is in place. There is no algorithm or direction for the surgeon to determine and obtain the proper tension. This allows a potential for operator error and also allows for inconsistency between patients and surgeons.
Accordingly, it is desired to pre-size a cardiac harness to a patient's heart before installing the harness on the heart. Also, it is desired to have the pre-sizing procedure be as minimally invasive as possible for the patient.
Imaging data can be obtained non-invasively before any harness installation surgery is performed. Imaging such as echocardiography, CT Scanning, MRI Scanning, and ventriculography can be used. Other types of imaging can also be useful. It is anticipated that measuring the diameter of the heart, the volume of the heart, and the cross-sectional area of the heart at the end of diastole and at the end of systole will enable a clinician to determine a desired size of the heart and thus to design or prescribe a desired harness size and configuration.
Once a desired harness size and configuration is determined, the harness can be made from modular components in a manufacturer's or clinician's stock or can be custom fabricated for each patient. A particular harness size and/or configuration can be suitable for a range of heart sizes.
A harness can be chosen or made so that it applies a predetermined maximum epicardial pressure to the heart at the end of diastole. Preferably, the applied pressure at the end of diastole is greater than about 2 mm Hg but less than about 10 mm Hg, and more preferably is between about 4-8 mm Hg. Preferably, pressure is applied throughout the cardiac cycle and is greatest at the end of diastole.
In accordance with another embodiment, a cardiac harness is configured to be expandable beyond the end diastolic dimension to which it is sized in case the heart expands acutely. In this manner, pressure is applied to the epicardial surface at end diastole, but an end diastolic dimensional limit is not imposed on the heart.
Although this invention has been disclosed in the context of certain preferred embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses of the invention and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. In addition, while a number of variations of the invention have been shown and described in detail, other modifications, which are within the scope of this invention, will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art based upon this disclosure. It is also contemplated that various combinations or subcombinations of the specific features and aspects of the embodiments may be made and still fall within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, it should be understood that various features and aspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substituted for one another in order to form varying modes of the disclosed invention. Thus, it is intended that the scope of the present invention herein disclosed should not be limited by the particular disclosed embodiments described above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims that follow.
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Zipper Waist Pleat Ruffle Top
Style # 221425
Go to the edge with this bebe ruffle top, featuring an exposed zipper at the waist and pleats at the top. Mix with skinny jeans and a pair of embellished heels for a chic after-hours look.
- 100% polyester
- Center back to hem: 21" (53 cm)
- Polyester lining
- Hand wash according to care label
- Imported
- Model is 5'9" and is wearing a US size S

subset: commoncrawl


text:
DVD Extra
Is that DVD you've got your eye on really worth the investment? Should you wait a few months until the "Special Edition" hits shelves? DVD Extra lights the way.
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Long-awaited "Indiana Jones" BD set doesn't disappoint
In 2008, I wrote a column for this blog that lambasted the decision to release "Indiana Jones: The Adventure Collection" on standard DVD, after the 2003 box set that was easily its equal. I knew why they were doing it; the impending release of "Indiana Jones and the Crystal Skull" a week later was part […] [Read More]


text:
Gay Village Environmental Improvements
This project, which is located in the southside of the city centre within the Gay Village Quarter, is part of the BIG CITY PLAN, a three year program of works aimed at regenerating key areas of the city centre.
The project aims to provide high profile environmental improvements to the area and the main works include:
- Improved footpaths
- Upgraded lighting
- New trees
- Rationalisation of parking bays.
The roads that are directly affected by the project are Hurst Street, Kent Street and Lower Essex Street as shown in the plan attached below.
Contact Us
If you have any further questions or queries about this project, please contact the Transportation Projects Team by email: email@example.com or call: 0121 303 7478.


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14 Great Lunches in the Flatiron District
The Flatiron District, named after its iconic wedge-shaped building, is always bustling, especially around lunch. But finding an especially good one in this busy office neighborhood can be more of a challenge than you'd think. With that in mind, we've compiled 14 of our favorite lunches in the area: budget-friendly sandwiches, filling noodle bowls, and some nicer sitdowns. More


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|Assistant Coach
|Previous College:
|Norwich, 1996
|Second Season
Derek Alfama is in his second season as an assistant women's ice hockey coach at the College of the Holy Cross in 2012-2013. He helped the team to a 19-4-3 record in his first season as the Crusaders advanced to the ECAC Open Championship.
Alfama joined the Crusaders after spending the previous three seasons as an assistant coach at Norwich University. Alfama's primary duties at Holy Cross include evaluating and scouting prospective student-athletes and assisting on the day-to-day operations of the team.
During the 2010-2011 campaign, Alfama helped lead the Cadets to an overall record of 25-4-1, with the team winning the NCAA Division III Championship. He was also part of the staff as Norwich finished as the NCAA runner-up in 2009-2010, and advanced to the NCAA quarterfinals in 2008-2009. The Cadets had a 20-6-5 record in 2009-2010 and a 19-9-1 mark in 2008-2009, good for an overall record of 64-19-7 during Alfama's three years on the staff. Norwich also received the American College Hockey Association Division III Women's Staff of the Year Award in two of Alfama's three seasons.
Alfama's other playing experience includes spending four years at St. John's High School in Shrewsbury, Mass., and one season at Trinity Pawling School in Pawling, N.Y. He has also been involved with the USA Hockey Satellite program for the past four seasons.
A 1996 graduate of Norwich with a bachelor's degree in criminal justice, Alfama was a four-year member of the Cadets' men's ice hockey team. He served as team captain during his senior season, and received the programs Robert Priestly Award.
A native of Uxbridge, Mass., Alfama now resides in Webster, Mass., with his two children, Donovan and Avery.


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|Mike Kelly
Offensive Stats
Defensive Stats
DURHAM, N.H. – Dalton Crossan (Lake Ronkonkoma, N.Y.) rushed for 61 yards and a pair of touchdowns and Mike Kelly (Merrimack, N.H.) registered 69 yards receiving and a TD to lead Team Cats to Saturday's 20-0 victory over Team Wild in the University of New Hampshire football team's spring Blue-White Game at Cowell Stadium.
Crossan, who carried 15 times, scored on an 11-yard scamper on the third play of the second quarter for the game's first touchdown. An extra point from Christian Breda (Needham, Mass.) made it 7-0. Early in the fourth quarter, Crossan's second 11-yard TD rush of the game made it 13-0. The PAT from Anthony Guidice (Nashua, N.H.) was wide right.
Kelly made two catches, including a game-long 45-yard reception from Hayden Jardine (Tokyo, Japan/4 of 7, 57 yards) and a 24-yard TD grab from Chris McCormick (Winooski, Vt./1 of 4, 24 yards). Kelly's scoring catch and the PAT from Joe Ghiloni (Warwick, N.Y.) late in the fourth quarter closed out the shutout win for Team Cats.
Sean Goldrich (West Haven, Conn.) went 5 of 11 for 31 yards, Andy Vailas (Bedford, N.H.) completed 4 of 7 passes for 29 yards and Adam Riese (Hamilton, N.J.) went 1 of 3 for 14 yards and gained 37 yards on six rushes.
Jimmy Owens (West Deptford, N.J.) led the rushing attack with 87 yards on only six carries; the junior had an apparent 42-yard TD run reduced to a 27-yard rush due to a holding penalty and added a game-long 51-yard rush.
On the defensive side, Nick Cefalo (Basking Ridge, N.J./two tackles), Hayden Knudson (Alexandria, Va./three tackles) and Shane McNeely (Whitehall, Pa.) each notched an interception.
Keith Parkinson (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.), Tim Pike (Bedford, Mass.), Kevin McNally (Cornwall, N.Y.) and Robbie Zauck (Ocean City, N.J.) shared team-high honors with five tackles apiece. Jullian Turner (East Pittsburgh, Pa.) and Sean McCann (Avon Lake, Ohio) registered two sacks each.
Zauck, Rashid Armand (Brooklyn, N.Y./three tackles) and Justin Mello (Dartmouth, Mass.) each collected a fumble recovery.
Prior to the game, UNH head coach Sean McDonnell presented senior defensive lineman Jimmy Vailas (Bedford, N.H.) with the Todd Walker Teammate Award, presented annually to the teammate demonstrating selflessness and dedication. The award is named after late Wildcat wide receiver Todd Walker, who suffered an untimely and heroic death March 18, 2011, when he stopped an attempted robbery and saved the life of a woman he was walking home. Walker would have turned 23 years old May 1. Vailas wore Walker's uniform No. 80 for the Blue-White Game.
After the game, coach McDonnnell announced the team's spring award winners during a ceremony inside Lundholm Gymnasium. Jullian Turner received the Bob O'Keefe Iron Man Award for the best offseason strength and conditioning regimen.
The following players were recognized as the most improved at their respective positions during spring camp:
QB-Hayden Jardine
RB-Dalton Crossan
WR-Mike DeTroia
TE-Jordan Powell
OL-Curtis Nealer
K-Christian Breda
DT-Jullian Turner
DE- Robbie Zauck
LB-DeVaughn Chollette
CB-Casey DeAndrade
S-Nick Cefalo
UNH football 2013 season tickets are on sale by visiting www.unhwildcats.com or calling (603) 862-4000, extension 5. For all the latest news on UNH athletics, follow the Wildcats on Twitter (@UNHWildcats).


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American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
American Diabetes Association
Canadian Diabetes Association
The Canadian Orthopaedic Association
Amputation. John Hopkins Medicine website. Available at: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/adult/physical%5Fmedicine%5Fand%5Frehabilitation/amputation%5F85,P01141. Accessed December 4, 2014.
Amputation. Society for Vascular Surgery website. Available at:
http://www.vascularweb.org/vascularhealth/Pages/amputation.aspx. Updated February 2011. Accessed December 4, 2014.
Amputation procedure. John Hopkins Medicine website. Available at: http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test%5Fprocedures/cardiovascular/amputation%5Fprocedure%5F92,P08292. Accessed December 4, 2014.
Management of critical limb ischemia. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at:: http://www.ebscohost.com/dynamed. Updated July 16, 2014. Accessed December 4, 2014.
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
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VILA DOINA*** at only 200 m from the amous Voronet monastery offers confort and quietness for perfect holidays in Bucovina ,Romania.
Trianon Hotel, charming and welcoming 3 stars Boutique Hotel located in the very heart of Bucharest close to Cismigiu park and Romanian Palace of Parliament. Book your hotel room offering top quality services in Bucharest.
Hotel ART-este o clădire nouă, amplasată chiar în centrul oraşului Buzau, beneficiind de imediata apropiere a celor mai importante institutii financiare,de stat si centre culturale.
With a breathtaking view of the spectacular mosaic of land and water that comprises the Danube Delta, the Delta Nature Resort is the first 5 star deluxe nature resort in this unique wilderness destination.
The Roman Hotel & Spa has recently been modernized and completely refurbished in the boutique hotel style. The deluxe services offered include, in a welcoming atmosphere, a gourmet menu and access to a state-of-the-art beauty & spa centre.
Located in Oradea, in a peaceful green oasis, Silver Hotel conference & spa represents the perfect destination for business meetings, seminars or conferences, as well as an ideal getaway for relaxing and resting.
Lodging apartments flats apart hotel in Constanta Mamaia for rent. Booking online. Accomodation residence in serviced apartments with self cathering for short or long term in Constanta Mamaia Romania.
Hirscher offers residential accommodation in Brasov historic centre, at the foot of Mount Tâmpa. Here, far from the noises of the city, guests will find shops, restaurants and historic sites such as the renowned Dracula's Castle, museums, monaster
The well-equipped and diverse Apartments Florin R&B in Brasov are a perfect opportunity to spend amazing days in the city, enjoying the privacy of your own flat and benefiting from high-class services.
A beautiful place which is located in the heart of Transylvania, a oasis of civilization and legend.
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Find great deals on quality Romania hotels & resorts, or indulge at one of our luxury resorts. Take advantage of the many amenities that can be included with your stay such as in-room internet access, wifi, room service, fitness center, pool, hot tub, steam room, and shuttle services to and from the airport. Browse our Romania hotels and resorts and plan your Romania vacation today!
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Mrs. Polly Key Simpson, 82 died November 6, 2012 at Hugh Chatham Memorial Hospital.
Mrs. Simpson was born February 10, 1930 to Pholie and Lola Cockerham Key. She was a member of Poplar Springs Baptist Church and was retired from Kennedy Funeral Home. She was preceded in death by her parents, her husband Elmer O. Simpson, one son, Eddie Simpson and one brother Bobby Key. She is survived by three sons, Michael Simpson and Kevin (Marlene) Simpson all of Elkin, Keith (Shirley)Simpson of Dobson. Three Granddaughters Tara Cook, Kristen Simpson and Megan Quance. Six great grandchildren.
Funeral Services will be conducted at 2:00 p.m. Friday at Poplar Springs Baptist Church by Rev. Roger Hensley and Rev. John Attaway Rev. Dennis Ball. Burial will be in the church cemetery. The family will receive friends from 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. Thursday at the church.
The family suggests that any memorials be made to the Activity Fund at Hugh Chatham Nursing Center, 700 Johnson Ridge Rd. Elkin, NC 28621.
John Kennedy, funeral director is assisting the Simpson Family with funeral arrangements.


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"Daredevil" Showrunner DeKnight On Movie Crossover Hopes, Night Nurse Changes & More
Showing results 438-477 of 845
CBR wants to know, what do you think of the news that Ben Affleck is returning to the world of big-screen superheroes as the Dark Knight in Warner Bros. upcoming "Batman/Superman" film?
Warner Bros. announced that Ben Affleck will play an "entirely new incarnation" of Batman in the still-untitled Batman/Superman film, and set a release date for July 17, 2015.
Navid Negahban, who played the terrorist Abu Nazir on Showtime's hit "Homeland," will debut as a new villain named Al-Owal in an episode of "Arrow" titled "The Demon's Head."
The new international trailer for "300: Rise of an Empire" sets Greece and Persia on a collision course, as Rodrigo Santoro's god-king Xerxes pledges, "Nothing will stop the march of my empire."
Fans at Comic-Con International were treated to the world premiere of "Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox" before participating in a Q&A session with the DC Universe Animated Original Movie's cast and crew.
According to a recent rumor, Warner Bros. and "Man of Steel 2" director Zack Snyder a shortlist of actors to play Batman for the "Superman/Batman" film, including Josh Brolin, Ryan Gosling and more.
In an exclusive clip from Warner Animation's "Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox," Lois Lane finds herself in some Amazonian-level trouble. The latest DC Universe Animated Original Movie is on sale today.
A high-quality, version of the logo that debuted with Warner Bros.' "Superman/Batman" movie announcement appears to have surfaced online. UPDATE: The image was created by a fan, based on grainy photos from the panel.
The CW has released a Comic-Con International sizzle reel for the second season of "Arrow" that provides a first look at Summer Glau as Isabel Rochev, Caity Lotz as Black Canary.
After showing footage from "300: Rise of an Empire," "Godzilla," and more, a list of surprise guests that included Sandra Bullock and Tom Cruise was topped by the announcement of "Superman/Batman."
Warner Bros. and Legendary opened Saturday at Comic-Con International with footage and discussion of "Godzilla," "300: Rise of an Empire," more before shocking fans by announcing the live-action "Superman/Batman."
The dreams of countless Batman and Superman fans will finally be realized in 2015 with a film that teams the iconic DC Comics superheroes for a big screen adventure.
Warner Bros. has released the teaser trailer and behind-the-scenes footage for the highly anticipated "Veronica Mars" movie screened Friday at Comic-Con International in San Diego.
"The Pact" star Caity Lotz has reportedly joined The CW's "Arrow" as Black Canary, a recurring role that's expected to progress to series regular. Expect more details at Saturday's Comic-Con International panel.
Warner Bros. Animation's next DC Universe Animated Original Movie will be "Justice League: War," based on Geoff Johns and Jim Lee's first arc of the New 52's "Justice League."
Cyborg does his best to recruit the mysterious Batman to his cause in the first clip from the July 30-debuting "Justice League: The Flashpoint Paradox" animated feature from Warner Bros. and DC Entertainment.
Guest contributor Jim McLauchlin warns, if the rest of the DC Cinematic Universe continues down "Man of Steel's" darker path, Warner Bros. superhero films will ultimately fail with the audience they're trying to reach.
How has General Dru-Zod evolved into one of Superman's most famous arch-foes? Fresh off his most recent appearance in "Man of Steel," CBR News examines the many incarnations of this Kryptonian villain.
"Smallville" alum Michael Rosenbaum has gone on the record to say "there's really no other choice" to play Superman's arch-nemesis in the sequel to director Zack Snyder's "Man of Steel."
"Man of Steel" star Henry Cavill shared his thoughts on why Superman should wait a while before teaming up with his DC Comics super friends in the long-planned Justice League movie.
New posters for "The Wolverine" hit online! Rumors circulate on "Doctor Strange" news for Comic-Con! Legendary Entertainment parts ways with Warner Bros! Plus, "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles" & more!
Warner Bros. Pictures Group President Jeff Robinov, who oversaw creation of DC Entertainment, to leave studio! Thai cartoonist Chai Rachawat faces defamation charges! North America's largest conventions! Plus more!
Many fans were dismayed by the controversial ending of director Zack Snyder's "Man of Steel," and they weren't alone: Producer Christopher Nolan initially balked at the scene. Warning: Spoilers!
Target's new partnership with Warner Bros. Consumer Products and DC Entertainment debuted its first TV commercial, an animated spot featuring the Justice League in their New 52 costumes.
A new report pegs Warner Bros.' "Man of Steel" sequel to arrive as early as next year, with the long-developing Justice League film on track for release in 2015.
The latest Superman film takes the No. 1 spot at the North American box office this weekend, bringing in $125.1 million since Thursday to become the biggest June opening of all time.
While "Man of Steel" may have many faults, the characterization of Lois Lane isn't among them. As portrayed by Amy Adams, she's dedicated to finding the truth, and more comfortable in a flak jacket than in a pantsuit.
Zack Snyder and Christopher Nolan's Superman film is on course for a $122-125 million opening weekend in North America.
"Man of Steel" reports a strong U.S. midnight debut, boasting an estimated $21 million box office take, surpassing both "Iron Man 3" and "The Avengers'" midnight numbers.
Zack Snyder, the director of "300" & "Watchmen" spoke to CBR about turning his ironic approach to mythmaking on its ear by telling a superhero origin story that's completely straightforward.
Warner Bros. and Legendary Pictures have projected an $85 million opening weekend for Zack Snyder's "Man of Steel" with some analysts predicting up to $105 million over the three days.
Despite a series of seemingly definitive decisions in DC Comics' favor, attorney Marc Toberoff vows to continue his battle with Warner Bros. over the legal ownership of Superman.
Warner Bros. has released the first trailer for "300: Rise of An Empire," based on Frank Miller's "Xerxes" graphic novel. The film, directed by Noam Murro, is a sequel to Miller and director Zack Snyder's "300."
Hans Zimmer discusses the process of creating the right music for Zack Snyder's reimagining of the Superman origin story, "Man of Steel," while living up to legacy of the iconic theme John Williams created 35 years ago.
Deborah Snyder, wife and producing partner of director Zack Snyder, spoke one-on-one with CBR about rebounding from "Sucker Punch" to produce "Man of Steel," the most nuanced film interpretation of Superman yet.
Days before "Man of Steel" opens in theaters, Warner Bros. is said to have already fast tracked a sequel for the Superman film, while rumors of an imminent Justice League movie announcement continue to swirl.
Superbly acted with many great fight scenes, Zack Snyder's new Superman film, "Man of Steel", runs long, makes as many poor choices as great ones and falls short of being a completely satisfying whole.
A look at long and bitter legal battle for Superman! How to "fix" comics! Is South Florida the next comic-book hotspot? Indonesia's comics scene! Talking with Kevin Cannon and Zander Cannon! Plus more!
In the latest clips from the hotly-anticipated "Man of Steel," Christopher Meloni's Colonel Hardy gets some screentime while Superman and Zod trade blows in an action-filled, spoilery battle scene.
With the film's release less than two weeks away, Warner Bros. debuts the final trailer for director Zack Snyder's "Man of Steel," an action-filled teaser promising moviegoers an epic Superman/Zod throwdown.
Archives: All | Comic Books | TV/Film | Video Games | Web Comics


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Version 1.4 of the FARR alias QuickOutlookTask has been released, and from now on updating should be automatic, thanks to mouser's dcupdater program. Here is the link:
Please note that folder information has been removed from the zip-file (since I couldn't get this to work with dcupdater). This means that if you download and install by hand you must extract to FindAndRunRobot\AliasGroups\Installed\QuickOutlookTask\.
Apart from dcupdater integration, the main change is that the feedback the program gives through beeps and message boxes can now be controlled using the new /settings switch.


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« Back to people
Mimi (Yue) YinFaculty, Alumni, Class of 2012
resume: http://www.linkedin.com/in/mimiyin
|Courses Taught:
|Composing in Code
Introduction to Computational Media
Big Screens
Mimi Yin is an artist and designer with a background in music, dance and interaction design. She is currently a teacher at ITP in the NYU Tisch School of the Arts. She graduated with a B.A. in Music from Yale University and an M.P.S from ITP/NYU. Her work explores programmatic approaches to composition and improvisation combining traditional forms with chance operations to create new structures. She has applied these techniques to wide range of media from poetry, rhythm, movement and choreography to shaping online discussion. She is also the lead designer of Ponder, a social learning platform focused on developing higher-order literacy.


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Oct. 3, 2007 -- Here's a scientific first: the creation of new blood vessels from patients' own cells.
That tissue-engineering development could one day help people with blood vessel problems, but the process isn't ready for prime time.
The developers describe their early tests in The New England Journal of Medicine.
First, they gathered cells from the skins and blood vessels of 10 adults with end-stage renal (kidney) disease.
Next, the scientists put those cells in test tubes (keeping each patient's cells separate from the other patients' cells) and coaxed those cells to grow into blood vessels.
After making sure that the lab-made blood vessels wouldn't burst under expected conditions, the researchers implanted the tailor-made blood vessels into the patients.
So far, results are available for the first six patients, who got their tissue-engineered blood vessels more than a year ago.
One of those patients died of unrelated causes. The lab-made blood vessel failed in another patient.
A third patient used the lab-made blood vessel for more than 13 months until receiving a kidney transplant. The three other patients haven't had any problems with their engineered blood vessels.
Those early results show that "this new approach may be feasible," write the scientists.
They included Nicolas L'Heureux, PhD, and Todd McAllister, PhD, who work for and hold stock in Cytograft Tissue Engineering of Novato, Calif.
(Would you try a new "bionic" procedure if offered to you? How far would you go? Chat about it with others on WebMD's Health Café message board.)


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Helen Follow
All About Helen
Fashion in India is the trend that stars follow in Bollywood movies and their real lives. Indian's do not need the Fashion channels; they are content with following their onscreen idols and aping their looks. Here's a list of the seven most stylish people that Bollywood has ever had. ... read more
We do have certain opinions of what looks hot and what does not. However, in Bollywood, there are certain women who helped shape these very opinions and some other who have given their all to change these opinions as well. Here is a roundup of Bollywood beauties who have redefined the concept of ... read more
... read more


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Administration Office: 208-885-2255
Dean's Office: 208-885-4977
fax: 208-885-5709
Menard 101
711 S. Rayburn Drive
Mailing Address:
College of Law
University of Idaho
875 Perimeter Drive MS 2321
Moscow, ID 83844-2321
phone: 208-364-4074
fax: 208-334-2176
322 E. Front St., Suite 590
Boise, ID 83702
In this issue:
Holders of a Juris Doctor degree have an exceptionally wide range of career opportunities. Those who become transactional lawyers, public officials, or business executives and investors play key roles in strengthening the long-term economic foundations of American communities. To prepare students for careers as enablers of sustainable economic development, and in order to help Idaho communities realize their potential, the College of Law launched an Economic Development Clinic at Boise in the fall of 2011. Under the direction of Professor Stephen Miller, students in the clinic engage in research and outreach that will provide models for sustainable development in urban and rural Idaho.
In the Clinic, students learn about -- and gain practical experience with -- land use law, administrative law, state and local government law, and environmental law. Projects already undertaken in 2011-12 have included:
Clinic clients thus far have typically been local governments. In the future, clients may also include non-profit or business organizations involved in economic development.
The new Economic Development Clinic complements the existing Small Business Legal Clinic, directed by Associate Dean Lee Dillion, in which students assist entrepreneurs in the formation and start-up of job-creating enterprises.
Further information about the Economic Development Clinic may be obtained from Professor Stephen Miller.
Over the course of three years in the study of law, students at the University of Idaho can combine the intimate learning environment and quality of life in Moscow with the metropolitan opportunities provided in Boise. In order to enhance career planning and assistance for all students, in both Moscow and Boise, the College of Law is adding a career development coordinator to its student support staff in Boise.
Effective January 9, 2012, W. V. "Bill" Rauer will start work in this position, bringing to the job a unique background of career development and networking expertise. After nearly two decades in management in the Albertson's supermarket system, where he conducted and supervised special projects including "change leadership" training and education programs, Bill established Developing Solutions Group LLC, a consulting service to individuals, and to teams within organizations, for assessment and improvement of effective working relationships.
As the College of Law's career development coordinator, Bill will work with Career Development Director Anne-Marie Fulfer to promote employment opportunities for all University of Idaho law students. He will assist Moscow and Boise students in exploring career options, and will utilize his base in Boise to expand the College's outreach, statewide and beyond, to employers in the legal profession as well as to employers in allied professions, business organizations, non-profits, and public service entities.
Further information about the College's career development program and activities can be obtained from Ms. Anne-Marie Fulfer.
The College of Law, which already utilizes state-of-the-art technology in its courtroom and largest classroom (Room 104) at the Menard Law Building in Moscow, has added technological enhancements to its smaller Menard classrooms (Rooms 103 and 105) and to the Menard seminar rooms (Rooms 107 and 108). At the outset of the fall 2011 semester, the College installed SMARTBoards in each of these additional rooms, thereby allowing programs, including Internet links, to be broadcast from faculty laptops to large-screen images in the classrooms. The technology also enables faculty in the classroom to color-highlight the images with electronic markers in order to provide a visual emphasis of selected information during lectures or interactive class discussion. The technology further allows DVD and VHS programs to be projected directly to the SMARTBoards.
As the spring semester of 2012 begins, evidence displayers will be installed in these classrooms. The equipment will make it possible to project documents and physical objects with the SMARTBoard displays, enhancing the range of visual supplements to classroom presentations.
These additions of technology to the classroom experience exemplify current trends in legal pedagogy. They reinforce student learning, and they enhance student readiness for careers in the technology-rich workplaces and venues of the future. . Further information about instructional technology at the College of Law may be obtained from Professor John Hasko, Director of the Law Library.
The University of Idaho is pleased to welcome a noted reference scholar and library services expert, Diana Gleason, to the Law Library faculty. Professor Gleason comes to the University of Idaho from Oregon, where she served as Reference Librarian at the State of Oregon Law Library in Salem. Previously she served as Head of Reference for the William S. Boyd School of Law at the University of Nevada/Las Vegas, and as Public Services Librarian at Valparaiso University School of Law. She fills the position in Moscow vacated by Professor Michael Greenlee, who moved to Boise in order to administer the newly integrated University of Idaho/State of Idaho Law Library.
Professor Gleason's scholarship and focus areas include distance education, government documents, and advanced legal research. She holds a J.D. degree from the University of Oregon as well as a Master of Library and Information Science (with specialty in Law Librarianship) from the University of Washington. For further information, contact Diana Gleason.


text: Study Search Results Your query returned 1 results. Results per page: 25 50 100 Sort by: Study Relevance Title A-Z Released/Updated Time Period Most Cited in ICPSR Bib. Variable Relevance (?) Study Title/Investigator 1. Strategic Prevention Framework State Incentive Grant (SPF SIG) National Cross-Site Evaluation [Restricted Use] (ICPSR 28921) United States Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Substance Abuse Prevention [1]


text: Hello. I have a question about HELLP. I was never told I had it with my severe preeclampsia in my second pregnancy but do remember the doctors mentioning my platelets and enzymes being bad, so I assume I did have it. I had been having some pain on my right side but nothing consistant and it totally went away when I got in the hospital on bedrest. Am I correct in what I read here that chances of getting HELLP again is less than 5%? This experience was so frightening for me-I couldn't even google 'preeclampsia' cuz I was still so freaked out over the whole thing. Now, 2 years later, I'm pregnant again with elevated bp starting wk 20. It is in control now with labatelol and I think that facing my fears by taking my own bp at home and reading these forums have helped me tons!Thank you!


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A detailed review by a BIMMERPOST member of his M235i test drive.
First impression:
When you first see the car it depends on which angle you see it from from the front 3/4 is nice. If you look at it from a dead profile it looks a little strange. As if somebody chopped off the back and the front. When I get a chance to post the pictures I think you'll see what I mean. But from an angle, the car looks quite nice. … CONTINUED
BMW US has announced the initial lease deals for the BMW M235i and 228i. The M235i can be had for $479 per month and the 228i for $359 per month, both on a 36 month lease.
Both deals require a $3000 down payment and a total of $4204 cash due at signing.
BMW is on the hunt for BMW's Ultimate Driver. Have you got what it takes? Time to find out: http://po.st/YTUD.
The winner will get the chance to experience every new BMW in 2014.
Video featuring the BMW M235i Coupe.
Videos showing the BMW 2 Series Coupe in Moonlight Silver and Alpine White.
European Car Magazine reviews the BMW M235i Racing on the track.
With video as well.
Grassroot Motorsports drives the BMW M235i Racing around Las Vegas Motor Speedway. It's a factory-built race car from BMW designed for privateers and club racers, aimed mostly at Germany's VLN series at the Nurburgring and similar European series. BMW is entertaining thoughts of bringing it to the US, so they invited us to try it out.
The BMW M235i Coupe is now on display at the BMW Welt.
BMW's development boss has revealed the company is unlikely to offer a competitor to the Audi A3 Sedan and Mercedes CLA.
Speaking to Wards Auto, Dr. Herbert Diess [BMW board member] said the company sees little need for a sedan smaller than the 3-Series in the United States. He went on to say he sees a "high risk of substitution" where customers would buy the smaller car – presumably the 1-Series sedan or 2-Series Gran Coupe – instead of a more expensive model like the … CONTINUED
Check out this Estoril Blue II M235i from the Montreal Auto Show.
Another color has been officially revealed for the BMW 2 Series. This Mineral Grey 228i Coupe is currently on display at the 2014 DC Auto Show.
Take a walk with us around the Melbourne Red M235i and Black Sapphire 228i Coupes from the 2014 Detroit auto show.
Photos of the cars from the show can also be seen below.
EVO's Henry Catchpole reviews the BMW M235i Coupe.
More looks at the BMW M235i coupe in Estoril Blue II.
I've just returned from Las Vegas where I spent a day sampling the new M235i coupe [Official Thread] and the 4 series convertible at the international media launch. I was there representing BIMMERPOST! I got to drive the M235i on the street and at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway in both the oval and the infield configurations. The 435i convertible was driven on the street only.
This post will focus primarily on the M235i's driving experience. I will also be producing a video review in … CONTINUED
Hi everyone,
I represented BIMMERPOST at the press launch of the BMW M235i at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway. Here are some images I took of the M235i Racing and M235i Performance Parts cars at the launch.
I had a chance to inspect the body parts up close and I would say the quality is excellent. All of the body fitments had tight, consistent gaps, and the look was aggressive and polished. [M Performance Parts details]
The M235i Racing car [official thread] was also very interesting to … CONTINUED
A new 2002? Behind the wheel of the M235i
By Jens Meiners, BIMMERPOST Contributor
If there is a single car that has put BMW on the map with enthusiasts in the USA, it is the 2002. Derived from the "New Class" mid-size sedan, it became the quintessential compact sports sedan. In 1975, it was replaced by the 3-series – a worthy successor initially, but a car that has become remarkably large over the years. In fact, the current 3-series is almost as long and tall as … CONTINUED
We had a chance to sit down with Oliver Ganser, Product Strategy and Market Intelligence Manager at BMW, to discuss the M235i and 228i Coupes [Official Info Thread], which are having their world public debuts at Detroit this week and next.
Q: Does the M235i share the same electric power steering (EPS) system as the F20 M135i?
A: It's the same system as the M135i, but different than the new M3/M4′s EPS. The EPS in the M3/M4 received a lot of structural improvements.
Q: What improvements … CONTINUED
The online builder configurator is now online for the 2 Series! Build your M235i and 228i and share your configuration with us.


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Oh snap! Flax, meet your new buddy, Chia, in this NEW Snacker of a cracker that we have dubbed as our Ginger Snap Flax & Chia Snacker! How could something this great tasting be so good for you? Well, that's because it's made with the finest organic ingredients such as, Chia seed, Flax seed, coconut sugar, blackstrap molasses, Himalayan pink salt, clove and of course, ginger. Nothing else is needed here to enjoy this great snack, just open the bag and dig-in! Cure that sweet craving with a snack that is both delicious and nutritious!
High in fiber, protein, omega-3, and many other vitamins and minerals. This is the perfect snack to enjoy at any time of the day. Snack right from the bag, use them like bread for nut butter and jelly, crush them up and sprinkle them on your salad, yogurt, cereal, or in your baked goods like muffins and cakes. The possibilities are limit-less!
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Privacy Statement - The Short Version We do not spam - we hate it as much as you do. If you sign up for our email, you can unsubscribe at any time. We do not sell, rent or give your email address to anyone. Period.shopOrganic ® is a registered trademark of Border & Black Ventures, LLC.© Copyright 2007-2014. All rights reserved.


text:
A probe station for testing a device under test. A first platen supporting an electrical probe. A chuck supporting the device under test. A second platen supporting an optical probe. The first platen and the second platen positioned above the device under test. A percentage of the top surface of the second platen terminating into free space.
1. A probe station for testing a device under test, said probe station comprising:
(a) a first platen supporting an electrical probe engageable with a first surface of said device under test;
(b) a chuck supporting said device under test;
(c) a second platen having a top surface supporting thereon an optical probe to emit light for impingement on said device under test and, alternatively, to detect light emitted by said device under test toward said first platen and propagating on an axis not substantially normal to said first surface;
(d) said first platen positioned above said second platen and above said device under test;
(e) at least 70% of the top surface of said second platen terminating in free space when said optical probe is not supported thereon.
2. The probe station of
3. The probe station of
4. The probe station of
5. The probe station of
6. The probe station of
7. The probe station of
8. The probe station of
9. The probe station of
10. The probe station of
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/285,135 filed Oct. 30, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,777,964 which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/351 ,844 filed Jan. 25, 2002.
The present invention relates to a probe station.
Probe stations are designed to measure the characteristics of electrical devices such as silicon wafers. Probe stations typically include a chuck that supports the electrical device while it is being probed by needles or contacts on a membrane situated above the chuck. In order to provide a controlled environment to probe the electrical device, many of today's probe stations surround the chuck with an environmental enclosure so that temperature, humidity, etc. may be held within predetermined limits during testing. Environmental enclosures protect the device from spurious air currents that would otherwise affect measurements, and also facilitate thermal testing of electrical devices at other-than-ambient environmental conditions. Environmental conditions within the enclosure are principally controlled by a dry air ventilation system as well as a temperature element, usually located below the chuck, that heats or cools the electrical device being tested through thermal conduction.
Many probe stations also incorporate guarding and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding structures within or around the environmental enclosures in order to provide an electrically quiet environment, often essential during high frequency testing where electrical noise from external electromagnetic sources can hinder accurate measurement of the electrical device's characteristics. Guarding and EMI shielding structures are well known and discussed extensively in technical literature. See, for example, an article by William Knauer entitled "Fixturing for Low Current/Low Voltage Parametric Testing" appearing in Evaluation Engineering, November, 1990, pages 150-153.
Probe stations incorporating EMI shielding structures will usually at least partially surround the test signal with a guard signal that closely approximates the test signal, thus inhibiting electromagnetic current leakage from the test signal path to its immediately surrounding environment. Similarly, EMI shielding structures may provide a shield signal to the environmental enclosure surrounding much of the perimeter of the probe station. The environmental enclosure is typically connected to earth ground, instrumentation ground, or some other desired potential.
To provide guarding and shielding for systems of the type just described, existing probe stations may include a multistage chuck upon which the electrical device rests when being tested. The top stage of the chuck, which supports the electrical device, typically comprises a solid, electrically conductive metal plate through which the test signal may be routed. A middle stage and a bottom stage of the chuck similarly comprise solid electrically conductive plates through which a guard signal and a shield signal may be routed, respectively. In this fashion, an electrical device resting on such a multistage chuck may be both guarded and shielded from below.
To provide a substantially closed environment, the outer shield box 24 includes a sliding plate assembly 28 that defines a portion of the lower perimeter of the shield box 24. The sliding plate assembly 28 comprises a number of overlapping plate members. Each plate member defines a central opening 30 through which the positioner 22 may extend. Each successively higher plate member is smaller in size and also defines a smaller opening 30 through which the positioner 22 extends. The sliding plate assembly 28 is included to permit lateral movement of the positioner 22, and hence the chuck 12, while maintaining a substantially closed lower perimeter for the shield box 24.
Referring to
Referring to
What is desired, then, is a probe station that facilitates accurate alignment of electrical and optical probes.
During testing, the end of the optical probes are typically aligned with the edge of the device under test while the electrical probes are typically aligned with the contacts on the upper surface of the device under test, with both the electrical probes and the optical probes being supported by the platen. In many cases, the entire platen is moved in the z-axis direction for selectively contacting the electrical probes on the device under test. Alternatively, the chuck is moved in a z-axis direction. The z-axis movement of the platen permits consistent simultaneous relative movement of all the electrical and optical probes. Each component of the device under test is successively moved in x and/or y lateral directions relative to the electrical probes using a chuck or other support to a location under the electrical probes.
The present inventors considered the z-axis movement of the platen or chuck to perform simultaneous probing and came to the realization that normal z-axis movement of the platen typically brings the probes into contact with the device under test with sufficient additional z-axis movement to result in lateral scrubbing of the contact surfaces to provide a good contact. This additional z-axis movement for the electrical probes, which may vary depending on the particular circuit being probed, different electronic components, the planarity of the devices, and differences in the height of the different contacts between devices, may result in inaccurate alignment of the optical probes which are likewise being moved in the z-axis direction together with the platen or chuck. The alignment of the optical inputs and outputs of the devices tends not to vary in the same manner as the contacts, if they vary significantly at all. In summary, the appropriate z-axis movement of the electrical probes varies depending on the particular device being tested; while the appropriate z-axis movement of the optical probes tends to be at a substantially fixed location with respect to the device under test, which may not be consistent with the z-axis movement provided for the electrical probes. Moreover, the relatively long optical device tends to expand and contract with temperature variations of the environment resulting in additional difficultly properly positioning the optical probe.
In light of the foregoing realizations the present inventors determined that the traditional probe station should be modified in some manner to facilitate at least partial independent movement or otherwise separation of the optical probes and electrical probes. Referring to
In the case that the device under test is moved in a direction perpendicular to the edge of the device under test 104 being tested, it may be observed that the optical probes 116 may not need to be repositioned for each device being tested. If realignment of the optical probes 116 are necessary, there is a good likelihood that minimal adjustment is necessary. In particular, there is a high likelihood that the elevation of the optical probe 116 is accurate (or nearly so) because the chuck 102 is moving within a horizontal plane for testing the device under test 104. It may be observed that optical probes 116 are effectively decoupled from the z-axis motion of the upper platen 106. Moreover movement of the upper platen 106 for bringing the electrical probes 110 into contact with the device under test 104 does not result in movement of the optical probe 116 with respect to the device under test 104. Similarly, it may be observed that movement of the optical probes 1 16 does not result in movement of the electrical probes 110.
As illustrated in
Another feature that may be included is the capability of removing or otherwise moving the upper platen out of the way for in a controlled manner. The movement of the upper platen facilitates the adjustment and installation of the optical components thereunder. For example, a mechanical support mechanism may be included that supports the upper platen while the platen is moved with respect to the remainder of the probe station, and in particular the lower platen. For example, the upper platen may be displaced such that at least 20% (or at least 30% or at least 40% or at least 50%) of its surface area is laterally displaced beyond its original position on the supports. Alternatively, the upper platen may be tilted upwardly. For example, the upper platen may be tilted such that it is at least 5 degrees (or at least 10 degrees or at least 20 degrees or at least 45 degrees or at least 75 degrees) of its surface area is tiled with respect to its position when probing, such as horizontal.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The probe station facilitates the testing of a photonics device that includes an optical test path, which is optimized based upon optical characteristics. In addition, the probe station facilitates the testing of a photonics device that includes an electrical test path, which is similarly optimized based upon electrical characteristics. Typically multiple electrical probes are supported and simultaneously brought into contact with the device under test. In this manner, the probe station includes a structure that brings together optimized electrical test paths and optimized optical test paths together on the device under test.
Referring to
Referring to
The terms and expressions which have been employed in the foregoing specification are used therein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention, in the use of such terms and expressions, of excluding equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being recognized that the scope of the invention is defined and limited only by the claims which follow.
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WeekDate. A Calendar Like No Other.
Tutorial sessions for people who need alternative learning tools and added coping mechanisms.
Get organized, increase focus, maximize effectiveness, and improve relationships. Learn to play to your strengths and how to use them to leverage your weaknesses. You already have the skills and you know what to do. Now, it's about getting it done.
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An LICSW, Alison's approach to social skills group therapy is unique, thoughtful, and individualized for the clients and groups that she works with, children, teens, and young adults ages 4-22.
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Monroe Products' CDs feature Hemi-Sync® sound technologies to balance and focus the brain.
After decades of research, the extraordinary Hemi-Sync® process remains unparalleled in its ability to assist us in harnessing our human potential.
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OPTIONS Transitions to Independence is a comprehensive transitional program that guides young adult students with learning disabilities into independent adulthood and helps them recognize and optimize their full potential.
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Jeff Copper is an attention coach and expert on attention issues. He is the founder of DIG Coaching Practice and the host of Attention Talk Radio and Attention Talk Video. Jeff coaches individuals with AD/HD symptoms who are seeking results.
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PLE Director and Founder, Candace Sahm, MA Ed/HD, applies her ADHD Coaching for LIFE approach to tutoring, test preparation and skills mastery for our students.


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Mia Table Lamp - White
- Overview
Northern exposure for the living room, bedroom or beyond. Inspired by mid-century Scandinavian design, the clean-lined ceramic base of the Mia Table Lamp has the subtly crackled look of a hand-glazed piece.
- 14.5"diam. x 19"h.
- Glazed ceramic body in White.
- Solid wood plinth; linen shade.
- Bronze-painted hardware.
- Imported.
- Details + Dimensions
- Overall product dimensions: 14.5"diam. x 19"h.
- Base dimensions: 9.5"diam. x 19"h.
- Shade dimensions: 14.5"diam. x 9"h.
- Cord length: 114".
- Rotary on/off switch.
- Accommodates a 13W CFL bulb (included) or 60W incandescent bulb (not included).
- UL listed.
- Number of boxes: 1
- Shipping package: 15.75"w x 15.75"d x 18.90"h.
- Packaged weight: 6.7 lbs.
Minimal assembly required. View assembly instructions.
Wipe clean shade with a damp cloth. Wipe base with a soft, dry cloth. Avoid the use of chemicals and household cleaners as they may damage the finish.
- Shipping + Return Info
Delivery Information
- Most purchases are shipped from our Distribution Center by UPS, to arrive in as little as 5-7 business days.
- Quick Ship fabric items receive delivery in 1 - 3 weeks.
- Special order fabric (SPO) items receive delivery in 8 -10 weeks.
- For our guide to measuring for delivery click here.
Shipping Rates
The shipping rate varies depending on your order total and shipping options. Please note, some furniture, rugs and other large items that are bulky or heavy items have a delivery surcharge listed in parentheses ($) after the item price. These delivery surcharges are in addition to the standard delivery shipping charges. View Shipping Rates and Options
Return Policy
We take great pride in the quality of our merchandise. If for any reason you are not happy with your purchase, you may return the item(s) within 30 days of receiving the order for a full refund of the merchandise cost. After 30 days, we will replace or refund your purchase against manufacturer's defects ONLY. Please note that we cannot accept returns on mattresses, monogrammed/personalized items, special order upholstery items and special order rugs, one-of-a-kind rugs, or on items damaged through normal wear and tear. We also cannot accept returns of final-sale items, which are identified by a price ending in .99 or .97. Delivery fees are non-refundable.
For further assistance please call our customer service department at 1.888.922.4119 or send an email to firstname.lastname@example.com


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Details and Shopping
Customer Favorite
- FP Exclusive :
- Only sold thru Free People
Vibrant floral printed maxi dress with crisscross tie detailing at each side of upper bodice. Pleated detailing at front of chest and upper back. Adjustable shoulder straps.
FP One is a collection made with love from India. The collection has been curated from the fine details that India has to offer; embroideries, prints, embellishments, rich colors and fine gauze fabrics. The collection brings a modern twist to old world techniques and creates a line that has a cultured feel with special attention to detail.
FP One is a collection made with love from India. The collection has been curated from the fine details that India has to offer; embroideries, prints, embellishments, rich colors and fine gauze fabrics. The collection brings a modern twist to old world techniques and creates a line that has a cultured feel with special attention to detail.
*100% Rayon
*Machine Wash Cold
*Machine Wash Cold
Measurements for Small:Length: 44"
Bust (all around - extended): 50"
Approx. Armhole Drop: 9"
Rated 3.9 out of 5Â by 50 reviewers.
Rated 5 out of 5Â by meow517 IN LOVE I am so happy with this dress!! I was getting so frustrated with free people maxis...so gorgeous but wayyy too long for us short girls! This dress is an awesome length on my 5'4" frame, and it is so beautiful! I love the tie details on the side, and the print (I got ivory) is great for all seasons! The fabric has some weight to it but is not too heavy, and will be perfectly flowy once the temperature rises and I don't have to wear layers underneath. It is a little shapeless on the bottom but a belt fixes that problem easily and makes the pleats really noticeable. can't wait to wear this again and again! i might have to get the other color. for the record, i am 5'4", 145 lbs, 34DDD, and i got the medium and it fits great. might have even been able to size down to a small but with my chest i rarely take that risk :-) 1.12.2013
Rated 2 out of 5Â by jinger0930 Love but too fragile! I'm soo sad to say that I wore this dress for the second time and the strap snapped. It didn't even come apart at the seam, the fabric shredded apart! :( it was my favorite dress. I bought both colors because I loved it so much. I'm just disappointed that its so fragile. My other other dress is starting to do te same and I only wore it once. I'm free people obsessed and just sad about this dress 5.4.2013
Rated 2 out of 5Â by nina hopeless I am a 34A and bought an xs, and the fabric would not cover my chest AT ALL--it clearly needed MUCH more in the chest to fill it out/pull it up. The whole top half just feels weird to me, with all of the criss-crossing straps. You clearly can't wear it without a bra, but whatever bra you wear will become a major feature of the dress--and on me, would still look odd. So basically it becomes a skirt... no wonder everyone styles it with a sweater on top! I gave it two stars since the skirt half seemed nice enough and prettyish, though I'm not the biggest fan of the print in person. 4.16.2013
Rated 4 out of 5Â by Wicked_Chibi Finally, a maxi dress for short girls! I have always wanted a maxi dress but I am only 5'0 and they are all so long on me! When we got this in the store I was skeptical and didn't even try it on at first because of my past experiences with maxi dresses. Until my SM told me to try it... When I did I seriously almost fell over. IT. WASN'T. TOO. LONG. In fact, it was perfect! The ONLY complaint I have is that it's a little loose but that just makes it comfy. If you want to create more of a waist, just throw on a belt! So if you're little like me, and love maxi dresses, this is the dress for you! It's beautiful paired with the double wrap waist best and the scallop edge crop underneath! Also, because of the lace up side a bandeau will show nicely underneath, too. For winter it looks amazing with the shaggy knit pull over or a long cardigan! Loads of ways to experiment! :D 4.9.2013
Rated 4 out of 5Â by ERJU Love! I love this dress! I ordered it online and was anticipating it's arrival. I tried on the ivory one in stores, but thought it was a little too bright and "happy" for me as I am more of a dark skinned, sharp featured girl. I wasn't sure if the navy one would look any better, but when I tried it on at home, I fell in love! I also love how some girls styled this dress by layering a loose top over it. I plan to try the same. The only reason why I gave this item 4 stars is because it does fit a LITTLE awkward on the top. I'm afraid that I'll somehow accidentally flash people while wearing this, but hopefully the straps will stay in place. Excited to wear this for spring! 4.1.2013
Rated 4 out of 5Â by TSquirrel Beautiful but be wary Fp: my dress strap snapped off within an hour of putting it on! and my express shipping took longer than the 2-3 days,not happy :-( Okay ladies so this dress is amazing however everyone needs to know that the straps are too thin to support the weight of the amazing fabric. I would encourage all to still purchase this dress because its a stunner and I've never gotten so many compliments on a purchase from here ever!! My only thing is ladies after purchasing re-enforce the straps before wearing or there is a huge possibility they will just randomly snap. Measurements: Im 5'9, 130Lbs and I bought a small. The hem hits me about mid shin, which is a sweet, unique length for a maxi. As far as size, the dress does run a little loose but a small would be good for small girls with a bust. 4.1.2013
Rated 5 out of 5Â by lizaluna in love..but So I have been drooling over this beautiful dress ever since it has been on the market, and just last week I saw it in stores and decided to try it on. However, the only size in the store was an XS, I am 5'8'' size M and the XS fit me. It was a little small on the straps. but totally wearable. I suggest trying it on in stores before purchasing it, or definitely order a size smaller than your regular size! Xo, Liza 3.31.2013
Rated 4 out of 5Â by dandeliondust gorgeous! I was in love at first sight when I saw this dress online but hesitant to try it out because in my experience FP clothes don't tend to flatter a girl with hips. I am 5'3 and 130lb and ordered my usual size small and am sooooo glad I gave it a try and even more thrilled that it looks beautiful! I put it on and wore it to a birthday party where I got compliments from everyone there. I wore a cropped shirt over it but it's also beautiful by itself. Fabric is gorgeous and only slightly heavy...might be a little much for really hot temperatures but otherwise the dress is a great length (a few inches off of the ground with a little more length in the back than in the front). This dress will definitely add a burst of beauty to my closet - so glad that I own it!!! 3.3.2013
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Eclectic Kitchen & Dining Area
Bring the outdoors in with wicker furniture.
Inside, wicker chairs and an oversized pendant lantern bring old Muskoka charm into this open-concept living/kitchen area. The floors are low-key antique hemlock, keeping with the theme of using natural materials.
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Freedom & Unity: The Vermont Movie is the first-ever documentary series about Vermont. The six-part film is a collaboration of three dozen Vermont filmmakers, including Dorothy Todd of Warren. The documentary has been seven years in the making.
The first part of the six-part film series opens this weekend on Friday, September 27, at Barre Opera House. There is a gala a reception at 6 p.m., followed by Part 1 of the documentary at 7:30 p.m. Part 2 will be shown on Saturday, September 28, at 10:30 a.m. at the Vermont Historical Society at 60 Washington Street in Barre.
Since declaring its own independence in 1777, Vermont has been a beacon, a haven, a refuge, an idea, a symbol, a state shaped by independent and courageous decision-makers, thinkers, political leaders, workers, artists, immigrants and innovators. It was the first state to outlaw slavery, to allow same-sex civil unions, to call for the impeachment of President Nixon and to protect the environment with Act 250. This is a state in which conservatives and liberals are not only neighbors—they frequently depend on each other for survival.
And yet, as one sees in town meetings and legislative debates, the pursuit of freedom has, on occasion, threatened the state's unity. Civil liberties, civil rights and civil unions have divided neighbors; land use, development and energy policies raise difficult questions; forgotten chapters in the state's history demand explanations generations later. In Freedom & Unity: The Vermont Movie, filmmakers and historians set out to understand Vermont's iconoclastic spirit: where it comes from, how it shapes the present and how it lays the groundwork for the future.
The film is thematic, not chronological. Part One, "A Very New Idea," Part Two, "Under the Surface," Part Three, "Refuge, Reinvention, and Revolution, Part Four, "Doers and Shapers," Part Five, "Ceres' Children," and Part Six, "People's Power," explore themes in the state's history that recur and circle back, from 1777 to the present.
Freedom & Unity: The Vermont Movie Barnstorming Tour (September 29 to December 4, 2013) features screenings in 11 Vermont counties. To find a screening go to www.thevermontmovie.com; click on Screenings, and download the tour schedule. All screenings will include Q&A sessions with Vermont movie filmmakers and others.


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International Business Networking
for entrepreneurs and consultants involved in International Business Development & Management
Join free!
Global Business Review International Business Opportunities,Venturing overseas, B2B tools.
Business Travel tips
To make your business trip successful
(Italian Version)
Internazionalizzazione Imprese
Associations of Mali based companies and professionals are a powerful resource
for researches and building your business in Mali. Below a list of most important Business Associations
in Mali, including short description and link to web site.
• CAE-Agricultural Association
Doing Business in Italy
Want you set up new operations or looking for business partners in Italy?
We provide the assistance you need.
»» Contact us


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Oil and Gas Statistics Coal Lease Statistics 2014-15 Renewable Projects Lease Sale Results
Quick Facts Myths and Facts Adoption Schedule
As part of the 15th anniversary celebration of BLM's National Conservation Lands, the agency has developed online recreational guides that make it easy for you to connect to these lands. These areas are part of an active, vibrant landscape where people live, work, and play. Start your experience by clicking this link.