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That's cool, so how come they emphasize certain words? Were those words somehow emphasized in the Greek?
"cutting off" [annihilationism],
Anyway, bottom line, you see the Diaglott as solid translation, different but not necessarily less accurate than Young's for instance?
The book emphasizes certain words in verses to give a better understanding of how that sentence was used in the original Greek.
(WhiteWings,, somebody, don't you have something explaining Concordant Literal Translation?
Hi Mark. I like to look up scrips on Biblos. Has many translations of each scripture http://bible.cc/mark/3-1.htmI'll try to do this is some type of order;for accuracy - Young's, Modern Young's, The Christian Bible, Concordant, Greek Interlinear, Aramaicfor readability - NASB, English Standard, New Livingfor beauty - KJV
for accuracy - Young's, Modern Young's, The Christian Bible, Concordant, Greek Interlinear, Aramaic
http://www.amazon.com/Modern-Youngs-Literal-Translation-Testament/dp/0965307875/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1342160069&sr=1-3&keywords=modern+young+translationPsalm and Proverbs are also in Modern Young????Online versionPersonally I think if you are going for modern because of, suprise, more modern laguage TCB may be better to spend your cash on (or PM me).TCB reads like everyday very modern English. Print quality is perfect. I once intended to buy the Modern Young but I decided not to do so because some editions have real bad/tiny print.I already fell in that trap once before with the Bullinger Bible. Very vague letters. I binned it because of that.


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Glaucoma Research Foundation
National Eye Institute
Canadian Association of Optometrists
Canadian Ophthalmological Society
Brandt JD. Corneal thickness in glaucoma screening, diagnosis, and management.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2004;15:85-89.
Brandt JD, Beiser JA, Gordon MO, Kass MA; Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS) Group. Central corneal thickness and measured IOP response to topical ocular hypotensive medication in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.
Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;138:717-722.
Duch S, Serra A, Castanera J, et al. Tonometry after laser in situ keratomileusis treatment.
J Glaucoma. 2001;10:261-265.
Eisenberg DL, Sherman BG, McKeown CA, et al. Tonometry in adults and children. A manometric evaluation of pneumatonometry, applanation, and TonoPen in vitro and in vivo.
Ophthalmology. 1998;105:1173-1181.
Kaufmann C, Bachmann LM, Thiel MA. Intraocular pressure measurements using dynamic contour tonometry after laser in situ keratomileusis.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2003;44:3790-3794.
Krupin T, Liebmann JM, Greenfield DS, et al. Low-pressure glaucoma study group: the low-pressure glaucoma treatment study (LoGTS): study design and baseline characteristics of enrolled patients.
Ophthalmology. 2005;112:376-85.
Muir KW, Jin J, Freedman SF. Central corneal thickness and its relationship to intraocular pressure in children.
Ophthalmology. 2004;111:2220-2223.
Pache M, Wilmsmeyer S, Lautebach S, et al. Dynamic contour tonometry versus Goldmann applanation tonometry: a comparative study.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2005;243:763-767.
Weigert G, Findl O, Luksch A, et al. Effects of moderate changes in intraocular pressure on ocular hemodynamics in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and healthy controls.
Ophthalmology. 2005;112:1337-1342.
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Now showing items 1-10 of 336
Robert George Malcomson Papers, 1790s-2009 (non-inclusive)
Collection of research materials, from various institutions, collected by Robert Malcomson pertaining to the War of 1812. The collection also includes books and photographs taken for research purposes.
Nelles Family collection
The textual materials of the Nelles Family includes account books, clippings, correspondence, diaries, militia records, and various other materials that document the activities of this family. The bulk of the collection ...
Margaret Glassford fonds, 1941, 1951, 1961, 1971, 1973-1975, 1977-1984, 1986-2000, 2002, 2005, n.d.
This archive contains materials relating to the studies and dissertation of Margaret Glassford. Contained within the fonds are class notes, essays, research notes and information, as well as several thesis drafts. The ...
John Smith, M.P fonds, 1930, 1949-1950, 1954, 1957-1962, n.d.
This archive contains materials relating to John Smith, M.P. for Lincoln County. The bulk of the materials are correspondence, personal and professional. Several items of correspondence are signed by Prime Minister John ...
Niagara churches collection, 1937, 1968-1994
This collection contains 7 church programs and brochures, ranging in date from 1937 to 1994. There are programs for church services at Knox Presbyterian Church, St. Catharines (May 9, 1937); St. Catherine of Alexandria ...
Port Weller Dry Docks collection, 1959-1967
This collection contains 5 programs of the Commissioning and Christening Ceremonies held at the Port Weller Dry Docks for vessels built or refitted there. These vessels include the Seaway Queen (1959), the S.S. Red Wing ...
Agenda for the fifty-third annual meeting of the National Council of Women of Canada, 1946
An agenda for the fifty-third annual meeting of the National Council of Women of Canada, held in the General Brock Hotel, Niagara Falls, Ontario, June 3-7, 1946.
Photo album, St. Catharines area, ca. 1913-1919.
One hardcover photo album containing black and white photos. Many of the photos were taken in the St. Catharines area. Included are photos of Port Dalhousie, Port Weller, Niagara Falls, Niagara-on-the-Lake and St. ...
Vintners Quality Alliance fonds
This archive contains materials relating to the wineries of Ontario and Canada, more specifically the Vintners Quality Alliance. The collection includes correspondence, meeting minutes, administrative records such as; job ...
Andrew Bloomfield collection, 2006-2012
The collection consists of five books and one music score. Four of the books are authored or edited by Andrew Bloomfield. The titles are In My Mind: Thoughts and Words of Andrew Bloomfield, 2000-2006; Odyssey: ten years ...


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Google usually releases products that don't require a lot of configuration. Sometimes Google's services try to be clever and use some existing data to derive the settings. Here are some examples of features that would normally require user input, but Google decided that it's not necessary:
1. Google Desktop has a small feed reader that shows the latest posts from your favorite sites. Google decided that it's too complicated to manually subscribe to each site, so the feed reader subscribes to all the sites you visit.
2. Google Chrome lets you customize your favorite search engines, but it adds all the sites you visit to the list of search engines, assuming that you've used their search pages. "Google Chrome automatically saves a list of the search engines you've encountered while browsing the Web. For example, if you visit http://www.youtube.com, the browser auto-detects and adds the YouTube search engine to your list of search engines that you can access from the address bar," explains Google.
3. Gmail automatically adds email addresses to your contact list. If you've sent an email to someone, Gmail adds the email address to the contact list. "Email addresses are automatically added to your Contacts list each time you use the Reply, Reply to all, or Forward functions to send messages to addresses not previously stored in your Contacts list. If these addresses don't appear immediately, try waiting a few minutes or signing out of your account and signing back in," mentions Gmail's help center.
4. Gmail Chat's default settings help you add many people to your buddy list without having to invite them. "If there are other Gmail users whom you frequently email, you'll be able to chat and see each other online without having to send an invitation. Gmail automatically determines which contacts you'll be able to talk to without having to invite each other," informs Google Chat Help. It's not clear Google defines "frequently", but 2-3 email messages are enough to have a new buddy.
5. The initial version of Google Reader's friend sharing subscribed to the shared items of all your Gmail Chat friends. Even if the shared items were public, they weren't automatically sent to other people unless they subscribed to your feed. At that time, many Google Reader found the new feature intrusive or only annoying. "I think the basic mistake here (...) is that the people on my contact list are not necessarily my "friends". I have business contacts, school contacts, family contacts, etc., and not only do I not really have any interest in seeing all of their feed information, I don't want them seeing mine either. This is a major privacy problem," explained a user.
Google addressed the issues eight months later. "You've given us lots of feedback on the way our experimental sharing features work and we heard you loud and clear: you want more control over your sharing. We've been working hard to create a more flexible way to let you choose who to share with; you can now manage a Friends list within Reader, separate from your Gmail chat contacts."
6. Google Buzz's original implementation made the same mistake as Google Reader's friend sharing, but the changes affected more people. As Gmail's blog admits, Google Buzz automatically subscribed you to some of your Gmail contacts and automatically connected Google Reader shared items and public Picasa Web albums. "With Google Buzz, we wanted to make the getting started experience as quick and easy as possible, so that you wouldn't have to manually peck out your social network from scratch."
Sometimes features that don't require configuration have side-effects that might affect your user experience or your privacy. Gmail clutters the contact list and makes it difficult to manage, Gmail Chat automatically determines your friends using basic heuristics, while Google Buzz starts to share your public photos and favorite blog posts with the people automatically added to Gmail's chat list. A clever service might save you time, but it shouldn't make important decisions for you.
February 17, 2010
Google. No Configuration Needed
This blog is not affiliated with Google.


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A reality series following chef Gordon Ramsay's attempts to turn around troubled restaurants. Based on the popular British show.
Latest Episodes
Aired: December 14, 2012
Chef Ramsay checks in on restaurants he's helped. Included: Café Hon in Baltimore; Chiarella's Ristorante in Philadelphia; and Leone's Italian Restaurant in Montclair, N.J.
Watch Online
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Vintage Print Gallery
Cartography is as much an art as a science. That's abundantly clear from this collection of vintage maps and cityscapes from Map Antiquities. Each is elegantly framed and ready to hang in a study, a living room, an office, or anywhere else you'd like to introduce a sense of history.


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KidsPeace Receives Verizon Grant to Help Stop Bullying
On Saturday, August 20, KidsPeace officially received a generous grant from the Verizon Wireless HopeLine Program and the Verizon Foundation to fund a new anti-bullying section on TeenCentral.Net. The check was presented during KidsPeace's 14th Annual Soccer Invitational, which was sponsored by Verizon Wireless to benefit TeenCentral.Net as well. Mario Turco, President of the Philadelphia Tri-State Region of Verizon Wireless, presented a $20,000 check to KidsPeace CEO and President Will Isemann and Director of TC.N and PC.N Dr. Julius Licata. Some 80 teams competed during the tournament, and all received information about TeenCentral.Net in their team packets. Bullying is a serious problem that affects teens from every part of the world and is growing at alarming rates. The leadership at Verizon Wireless realizes that bullying is reaching epidemic proportions and chose TeenCentral.Net to reach out to the teens of the world to let them know that they are not alone and can receive help, counseling and information from the site to support them and help them cope with bullying by other teens at school, in their neighborhoods and in cyberspace. The $20,000 will fund the development of a comprehensive section of TeenCentral.Net to address bullying and its dangerous consequences. Verizon Wireless has also donated funds to continue their support of the TeenCentral.Net Domestic Violence section on TeenCentral.Net.
Mario Turco, President of the Philadelphia Tri-State Region of Verizon Wireless,
presents check to Dr. Julius Licata and Will Iseman
About TeenCentral.NetTeenCentral.Net is KidsPeace's award-winning website for teens. It is anonymous and free, and is a safe site where teens can write in with their questions and issues and receive advice from Master's and PhD level counselors within 24 hours. More than half a million teens are members of TeenCentral.Net where they "log in and work it out" about any topic. The site format ensures that all posts by teens are reviewed and approved by our counselors, and responding posts from other teens are screened before being published as well. In addition to teen posts, TeenCentral.Net also contains pages that address important topics for teens such as domestic and dating abuse, weight issues, smoking cessation, books of interest to teens and news. Additionally, TeenCentral.Net contains stories from celebrities in sports and entertainment who experienced and overcame similar issues when they were teens.Earlier this year, KidsPeace launched ParentCentral.Net to help parents deal with the issues of raising children in today's world. Similar to TeenCentral.Net, ParentCentral.Net offers educational information and replies to posts by parents within 24 hours. The Bullying section on TeenCentral.Net will also be accessible to members of ParentCentral.Net, helping parents recognize the signs that their children are being bullied or bullying other youth.


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TMT legal update: export control regime reform in the EU
The European Commission is reviewing the export control regime in the EU with an intention to create a streamlined regime to harmonise the discrepancies arising from existing conflicting export control systems in the various member states.
In June 2013, Brussels played host to a conference aiming to review the current state of the export control regime in the EU. The commission's working document, 'Strategic export controls: ensuring security and competitiveness in a changing world', was under consideration with a view to amending it over the summer months.
The revised document will form a basis for a statement on an updated and hopefully streamlined export control regime that many hope will be more in keeping with contemporary pressures and opportunities within the single market and beyond…
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Tuesday, April 2, 2013
Just 11 miles from the Ravenel Bridge lies Wild Dunes Resort on the north-eastern tip of the Isle of Palms. Two distinctly different golf courses are here, the Links Course and the Harbor Course. This week I had the pleasure of touring the Harbor Course.
Along the beginning holes are the first of numerous lagoons and ponds that line the course. Along the banks turtles and alligators sunbathe as heron wade by in search of a meal. Two islands each bear a single large oak tree whose branches are laden with dozens of egret, ibis and cormorant. Fish routinely jump, their oxygen supply ample from numerous fountains circulating the waters.
The course passes through numerous small neighborhoods, each with its own unique look and personality. Passing the IOP Marina, the course heads through the tidal flats out to the coastal estuary. Then the majority of the lengths of holes 9 through 18 run back to the clubhouse along the Intracoastal Waterway, overlooking Goat Island and the tidal marshes with Mount Pleasant distant on the horizon. There is an intimate feel to the course as it makes each subtle shift from the resort area's swimming pool and tennis courts to the marine environment and back again.
Overlooking the 17th fairway I stand on Finch Bridge atop Morgan Creek talking with Helen Finch, whose father Raymond developed the land with the help of golf course designer Tom Fazio. One childhood memory, before the land was developed, was moving into a cabana that would sway if the washing machine was un-balanced. But more-so she remembers the countless hours of discussions between her father and Fazio as to how the many elements of the land could both be preserved and enjoyed by all those to follow.
Compared with the neighboring Links Course, the harbor course has a much more relaxed and intimate feel. Says Director of Sports and Golf Jeff Minton: "The Harbor Course has been a long time favorite for resort guests, members and local area golfers for years.
The par 70 lay-out with six par 3's will test the shot making skills of all levels of players. The Harbor Course is unique in that the first nine holes all play away from the clubhouse and the back nine all play back towards the clubhouse, which presents a challenge to players based on the direction the wind is blowing on that particular day.
The course is open to Charleston area residents, and will not disappoint if a few peaceful hours of golf away from the daily grind is what you desire.
David Emch is a photographer and writer from Mount Pleasant, whose framed photographs on canvas are featured in many local businesses. He can be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com or at 843-276-9096. Read his 6 peice series at www.moultrienews.com.
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George Randall Steele, age 77, of Prestonsburg, husband of Hope Hampton Steele, whom he married on May 23, 1953, died Friday, Jan. 31, 2013, in the St. Joseph Hospital, in Lexington.
He was born April 11, 1935, at Kenvir, in Harlan County, a son of the late Loney Allen and Hannah Victoria Yeary Steele. He was in the U.S. Air Force from 1954 until 1983, worked for the Department of Defense from 1984 until 2000, served in Vietnam and Desert Storm, and was a CMS (Chief Master Sergeant) with the U.S. Air Force.
In addition to his wife, he is survived by one son, David Randall (Peggy) Steele, of Florence; two daughters, Vicki (Steve) Pack, of Prestonsburg, and Georgina (Gary) Grant, of Spring, Texas; a brother, Lonnie Allen Steele; four grandchildren, Hope Allison Pack, Brittany L. Grant, Gregory M. Grant and Megan C. Grant; and special grandchildren, Madeline Melson and Anna Melson.
In addition to his parents he was preceded in death by a brother, Bobby Rondall Steele, and three sisters, Lois Ann, Lona Allene Steele and Laura Alice Steele.
Funeral services for George Randall Steele were conducted Monday, Feb. 4, in the Hall Funeral Home Chapel, with Elders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints officiating. Entombment followed in Gethsemane Gardens, in Prestonsburg.


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Leadership Programme 2012 | Stonewall Leaders
The eighth Stonewall Leadership Programme takes place 22-23 November 2012 at Ashridge Business School in Hertfordshire. The Leadership Programme is the most prestigious leadership course specifically designed for high talent lesbian, gay and bisexual professionals in the UK.
Click here to download the Leadership Programme 2012 application form.
Click here to download the monitoring form which should be completed alongside your application.
Completed applications must be received by Friday 28 September 2012.
Managerial, director and senior executive roles are typically well-represented on the Stonewall Leadership Programme. However, organisational seniority or managerial responsibilities are not absolute factors for selection. The Stonewall Leadership Programme welcomes applications from high-talent individuals who demonstrate progression and evidence of leadership.
All applicants must clearly state their career motivation for attending the Stonewall Leadership Programme and are encouraged to reference personal insights on their leadership, the relevance of sexual orientation and the outcomes they hope to achieve on returning to work.
Applicants will need to identify an organisational sponsor for their application. This person may be a line manager, mentor or role model, or other senior colleague with whom you are comfortable discussing your personal experiences before and after the programme.
Stonewall encourages women, people from black and minority ethnic backgrounds, disabled people and other underrepresented groups to apply. We welcome applications from all sectors and industries.
To speak with someone about applying for the programme please contact Chris Edwards on 0207 593 1883 or at email@example.com


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Boxing gloves were nowhere in sight for a world spider heavy-weight title challenge at the Natural History Museum last month.
The contenders were the Hercules baboon spider, and the current Guinness World Records (GWR) holder for world's heaviest spider, the Goliath bird-eater.
Museum bug expert George Beccaloni was contacted by GWR life sciences consultant Karl Shuker after reports of a possible rival. Karl asked George if he could check the size of the Hercules baboon spider as the Natural History Museum has the world's only known specimen and George is the author of the Museum book, Big Bugs Life-Size.
The Goliath bird-eating spider rarely eats birds but certainly is goliath in size. © George Beccaloni
GWR Editor-in-Chief Craig Glenday came in to adjudicate when George measured the two spiders. Using a jar of alcohol and the Archimedes' Principle, both specimens were submerged to discover the volume of alcohol they displaced, and therefore the volume of their bodies.
Spider specimens are stored in alcohol and this makes their internal organs shrink. The water inside them gets replaced by alcohol, which is about 25% lighter than water. This means that their weight when they were alive would be about 25% greater.
Knowing that they would weigh about 1g per cubic cm when alive means that their weights can easily be calculated if their body volumes are known.
The female Goliath bird-eating spider specimen measured 69 cubic cm, more than double the volume and therefore the weight of the Hercules baboon spider that measured 22 cubic cm.
So the Goliath bird-eating spider remains the world's heaviest spider species, with the heaviest recorded individual being a 12-year-old captive female called Rosi - according to GWR, it had a body length of 119.4mm and weighed a massive 175g.
'Rosi was considerably heavier than the Museum specimen that we measured,' says George. 'It's amazing to think that she weighed about as much as 5.8 house sparrows!'
The Hercules baboon spider. This is the only known specimen and it is looked after by the Natural History Museum.
'People who have seen the Hercules baboon specimen, without a specimen of the Goliath bird-eater beside it, have been impressed by how huge it is and this has led to the myth that it might be the world's largest spider.'
The Hercules baboon spider, Hysterocrates hercules, specimen was collected over 100 years ago in Nigeria. Virtually nothing is known about this species but, in common with other baboon spiders, it probably lives in a burrow in the ground and comes out at night to hunt its prey.
The 2cm-long fangs of the Goliath bird-eating spider, probably the longest of any spider. © George Beccaloni
A lot more is known about the world champion, however as it is commonly kept as an exotic pet. The Goliath bird-eating spider, Theraphosa blondi, is found in north-eastern South America, preferring wet mountain rainforest. It's a nocturnal creature spending most of its time in a silk-lined burrow.
Despite its name, the spider doesn't normally eat birds, but only because these are hard to catch!
Its usual prey are crickets, beetles, small mammals, frogs and reptiles - basically anything smaller than itself. Females are much larger than males and can live for 20 years, the males living only 3 to 6 years.
To warn off predators these spiders can make a hissing noise by rubbing together the bristles on their first 2 pairs of legs and pedipalps (front appendages).
Worldwide, there are over 40,000 known spider species and 850 of these are tarantulas. Spiders belong to the Class Arachnida that also includes ticks, mites, scorpions and others. The Museum has one of the largest arachnida collections in the world, used by researchers around the globe.
At the Museum, George looks after the collection of Orthopteroid insects, a group that includes grasshoppers, crickets, cockroaches and stick-insects, including the world's longest insect Chans Megastick.
Enter a world of winged wonders, enormous earwigs and super-sized scorpions with Big Bugs Life-size.
It is the first book to feature life-size photographs of all the world's largest and most spectacular bugs.


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Welcome to the GHDx, the world's most comprehensive catalog of surveys, censuses, vital statistics, and other health-related data. It's the place to start your health data search. Learn more about the catalog in GHDx Help.
Download country-level GBD data
Country-level data from the GBD 2010 Study, originally published in visualizations in March 2013, are now available for easy download.
- Download complete results by country from the GBD Data Download page in the GHDx.
- Explore the data in the GBD results database and download just the data you need.
- Download underlying data for any visual in GBD Compare.


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Vt. committee votes to kill health care taxBy DAVE GRAM
THE Associated Press | February 23,2013TOBY TALBOT / AP PHOTO
Sugar-sweetened drinks are displayed at a store in Vermont.MONTPELIER A Vermont House committee on Friday voted to kill legislation that would have levied a new tax on sugary soft drinks to pay for public health education and to help smooth the transition to a health care overhaul.
In a move that drew the comment Holy smokes! from Sen. Virginia Lyons, a member of the Senate Health and Welfare committee, the House Health Care Committee voted 5-5, with one member absent, on the measure. The tie killed the bill the committee had spent weeks drafting.
Its frustrating, said Rep. Mike Fisher, D-Lincoln and chairman of the House panel. The committee spent a lot of time and took majority votes on a number of steps along the way and there were a few members of the committee who couldnt support the bill because of how much it did, and there were a few members of the committee that couldnt support the bill because they ... wish it had done more. ... I think right now everythings dead.
The vote creates a new cloud of uncertainty over efforts by the Legislature and Gov. Peter Shumlin to solve what has become one of the key riddles of the current legislative session: how to move to the new health care marketplace, or exchange, called for under the federal Affordable Care Act, without hurting people who had been enjoying state subsidized health care.
Vermont has two publicly subsidized health insurance programs geared to providing coverage to low- and moderate-income working people and families: the Vermont Health Access Plan and Catamount Health. Lawmakers and advocates have been raising an alarm for months that many of the people enrolled in those programs face steep increases in the cost of health insurance, because federal subsidies under the exchange will not be as generous as what the state has been offering.
Members of the House committee had reviewed charts in recent weeks from legislative fiscal analysts showing a wide range of impacts from the switch from the state programs to the exchange, depending on income and size of household. Some families would be hit hard. One chart offered the example of a single parent with two children, who could see a monthly premium increase of $256, more than doubling the current premium of $208.
Shumlins administration proposed trying to partially close the gap between state and federal subsidies; the House panel tinkered with the amounts and with the mix of premium subsidies versus those that help people pay out-of-pocket costs like co-pays and deductibles.
Fridays committee vote left those efforts in doubt, Fisher said.
Its very disappointing for low-income people, he said. I think in some members attempt to get more, theyre ending up with nothing.
Fisher called for the vote even in the absence of a key supporter of several of the bills provisions, Rep. George Till, D-Jericho. Till is an obstetrician-gynecologist and had to leave shortly before the vote for a medical emergency, committee members said. A page later sent to Till drew no immediate response.
Asked why he allowed the vote to proceed, Fisher said: The committee needed to move forward. A member committee got up and left at the last minute; I cant account for that.
Other committee members and some lobbyists disagreed with Fishers assessment that the bill was dead. Tina Zuk of the American Heart Association said her group would continue pushing for a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, which the AHA and other groups blame for increasing obesity.
Rep. Paul Poirier, I-Barre, said the beverage tax could be taken up separately by the tax-writing Ways and Means Committee. Meanwhile, the House Appropriations Committee still will weigh the administrations proposals on health insurance subsidies.MORE IN Vermont NewsMONTPELIER Officials from the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources are going to be holding a... Full StoryMONTPELIER The state Public Service Board on Friday announced it would fine Vermont Gas Systems... Full StoryMONTPELIER Less than a month after Vermonts out-of-state inmates were moved from a private... Full Story
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- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1472, Orkney, Shetland islands put up as collateral by Norway to Scotland in lieu of dowry for MARGARET OF DENMARK on her marriage with JAMES III, king of Scotland; 1962, JOHN GLENN first American to orbit Earth.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: City mayoral candidates debate campaign issues; Hartford, Conn., woman still missing; Neal Goswami reports attempts to legislate suicide; local woman loses 100 pounds through TOPS program.
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1878, JOHN TUNSTALL murdered near Lincoln, New Mexico, by the outlaw JESSE EVANS; in 1930, ELM FARM OLLIE first cow to fly in aircraft, first to be milked airborne; 1955, nuke test WASP; '79, snow in Sahara.
- TOMORROW'S HEADLINES TODAY: Rutland Herald News Editor Alan J. Keays and staff writer Gordon Dritschilo discuss stories planned for the February 18, 2015, edition of the newspaper: Winter budgets maxed, legal marijuana, Springfield bank job, USPS slowdown
- RICHARD'S POOR ALMANACK: On this day in 1249 AD, ANDRE of LONGJUMEAU is dispatched by LOUIS IX of France to meet the KHAGAN, ruler of the Mongol Empire; in 1804, during 1st Barbary War, STEPHEN DECATUR scuttles the pirate-held USS Philadelphia in Tripoli.


text:
Offering the Bachelor of Science in Technical Communication – Digital Media and Graphics
(Degrees Offered: Bachelor of Science in Technical Communication—Digital Media and Graphics concentration; Bachelor of Arts in English and Professional Communication—Media, Communication, and Culture concentration)
Southern Polytechnic State University offers a variety of arts courses that may be used to satisfy core requirements, or as free electives. In addition, we offer a concentration track in our BS in Technical Communication program that allows students to develop the applied arts and information design skills needed in a world increasingly dominated by digital media arts. We also offer a concentration track in our BA in English and Professional Communication for students who are interested in applying these skills to careers in marketing communication, media arts, and entertainment.
The Faculty:
Kami Anderson, Assistant Professor
Carol Barnum, Professor
Terry Carter, Associate Professor
Jeff Greene, Assistant Professor
Kim Haimes-Korn, Professor
Keith B. Hopper, Associate Professor
John Lindsay, Instructor
Monique Logan, Instructor
Matthew McCool, Assistant Professor
Mark Nunes, Associate Professor and Department Chair
Betty Oliver, Professor
Iraj Omidvar, Assistant Professor
Jeffrey Orr, Instructor
Laura Palmer, Assistant Professor
Ann Parker, Lecturer
Nancy L. Reichert, Associate Professor
Cheryl Shinall, Instructor
Herbert J. Smith, Professor
Charlotte Stephenson, Instructor
Mark K. Stevens, Associate Professor
Melissa Weaver, Lecturer
Jim Werner, Assistant Professor
Program Offerings in Digital Media/Media Arts:
The B.S. in Technical Communication—Digital Media and Graphics concentration is designed to prepare students for a variety of careers in which visual communication takes center stage.
Possible positions include:
Documentation specialist
Visual communication specialist
Information designer
Multimedia specialist
Graphics specialist
Website designer and content developer
Students pursuing the BS degree with a concentration in Digital Media and Graphics must complete:
The Core Curriculum
Required upper-division courses in technical communication (TCOM)
Courses in the Digital Media and Graphics concentration
Additional elective courses in the major
Free electives
The B.A. in English and Professional Communication—Media, Communication, and Culture concentration combines hands-on production courses with a study of media and culture to prepare students for careers where media savvy can really pay off.
Possible positions include:
Media specialist
Marketing communications associate
Interactive marketing specialist
Media production associate
Website content developer
Students pursuing the BA degree with a concentration in Media, Communication and Culture must complete:
The Core Curriculum
Required upper-division courses in technical communication (TCOM)
Courses in the Media, Communication, and Culture concentration
Additional elective courses in the major
Free electives
Students must make a grade of at least a C in all major courses.
English and Professional Communication Bachelor of Arts Requirements
Technical Communication - Bachelor of Science Requirements


text:
O-H-I-O Share your pride
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"Buckeye Pride in Israel"
by Anna Sevel - Hopeful to be a future OSU student, I want to pursue an education in medical dietetics, graduating in 2013, HUGE HUGE OHIO STATE FAN!
On a trip to Israel I went on my friends and I wanted to represent Ohio State and show our buckeye spirit! GO BUCKS!Middle East
"Meanwhile in Israel...O-H-I-O!!"
by Anna Sevel - Hopeful to be a future OSU student, I want to pursue an education in medical dietetics, graduating in 2013, HUGE HUGE OHIO STATE FAN!
While on a trip in Israel we are showing our buckeye pride! GO BUCKS! Best college/university in the whole worldBeach, Middle East
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by Hoda El-Hosseiny - Architecture, 2014
An empty day in Tahrir square, Cairo, Egypt. Indefinite protesters completed the I-O. Buckeyes for freedom!!Current students, Middle East
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by Susan Petry - Chair, Department of Dance
Leigh Lotocki, BFA 2011 Fiona Lundie MFA 2012 Deborah Friedes MFA 2006 James Graham MFA 2011 Maree Remalia MFA 2011 Meredith Hurst BFA 2011 Ale Jara De Marco MFA 2011 All studying "GAGA Technique" in Israel summer 2012 following Visiting Artists from Israel in the Department in 2008Alumni, Faculty/Staff, Middle East
"Buckeyes in Lebanon!"
by Carlos Castro - B.S. and M.S. grad in Mechanical Engineering, 2005, now professor in Mech. & Aero. Eng.
Representing the Buckeyes at our wedding in Beirut, Lebanon!Middle East, Weddings
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by Justin Thomas - Huge Fan
While serving in Iraq on my first deployment myself and a friend got an O-H-I-O picture with the locals that worked at the U.S. Embassay in Baghdad. I'm the one on the left SSG Justin Thomas, and my bald friend is SGT Matthew Squires.Middle East, Military
"Petra-Jordan 2010"
by Shaker Hendi
Uploaded via iPhone Application.Middle East
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by Emily Stock
Uploaded via iPhone Application.Middle East
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by Tanny and Bette Feerer
Alumni, Middle East
"O-H-I-O @ the Western Wall in Jerusalem"
by ashleigh schufeldt - BA '04- Political Science/ American History
On a recent mission trip to the Holy Land, Saunda, Lindsey, Heather and Ashleigh took the opportunity to show their OH-IO love!Alumni, Middle East
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text:
Made with our Black Hole Duffel fabric, this shoulder bag is highly weather-resistant, super durable and designed to carry your 17" laptop and other gear on daily commutes or longer trips.
We promote fair labor practices, safe working conditions and environmental responsibility throughout the Patagonia supply chain.
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text:
The subject invention relates to systems and methods that provide electronic data (e.g., Electronic Product Code (EPC) data) obtained from Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags by RFID readers and/or from servers to one or more industrial components (e.g., controllers, programmable logic controllers, modules, etc.). The systems and methods employ component that processes, if desired, and stores received electronic data as records within a table. Processing includes filtering for data of interest and/or formatting the data in a suitable structure. Storage can include delineating related electronic data across rows the table and types of data across columns of a row. Upon receiving a subscription and/or request for electronic data from the one or more industrial components, the data can be retrieved and conveyed to the subscribing and/or requesting components.
1. A system that provides electronic product data to a component of an industrial control system, comprising:
a component that stores electronic product data, obtained from a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag affixed to a product, in a structured format; and
an interface that provides the electronic product data to an industrial controller.
2. The system of
3. The system of
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6. The system of
7. The system of
8. The system of
9. The system of
10. The system of
11. The system of
12. The system of
13. The system of
14. A system that manages the exchange of electronic product data with an industrial controller, comprising:
a RFID interface that receives electronic product data;
a processing component that parses the electronic product data and groups related electronic product data; and
a component that provides the electronic product data to an industrial controller.
15. The system of
16. The system of
17. The system of
18. The system of
19. The system of
20. A method for conveying electronic product data to components in an industrial control system, comprising:
receiving a subscription from an entity within an industrial control system for electronic product data;
obtaining the electronic product data from an RFID product tag through an RFID reader;
formatting the electronic data in a structured form; and
conveying the formatted electronic product data to the subscribing entity.
21. The method of
22. The method of
23. The method of
24. The method of
25. The method of
26. The method of
27. A method for distributing electronic product data to an industrial control system, comprising:
receiving electronic product data from one of an RFID reader and a server;
filtering the electronic data to mitigate duplicate data;
processing the accepted electronic product data to a format in accordance with the industrial control system;
storing the formatted electronic product data; and
providing the stored electronic product data to a component of the industrial control system component.
28. The method of
29. The method of
30. The method of
31. The method of
32. The method of
33. The method of
34. The method of
35. The method of
36. A system that facilitates electronic data distribution to an industrial component, comprising:
means for obtaining electronic data from one or more RFID readers or one or more RFID servers;
means for storing the electronic data in a structured format; and
means for providing the stored one or more data to the industrial component.
This application is related to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. ______ (Express Mail No. EV526574420US, Docket No. 04AB194/ALBRP379US) filed on Nov. 10, 2004 and entitled "SYSTEMS AND METHODS THAT INTEGRATE RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) TECHNOLOGY WITH AGENT-BASED CONTROL SYSTEMS," the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The subject invention relates to industrial control systems and, more particularly, to systems and methods that provide electronic product data to industrial control components.
Industrial controllers are special purpose processing devices used for controlling (e.g., automated and semi-automated) industrial processes, machines, manufacturing equipment, plants, and the like. A typical controller executes a control program or routine in order to measure one or more process variables or inputs representative of the status of a controlled process and/or effectuate outputs associated with control of the process. Such inputs and outputs can be digital and/or analog, assuming a continuous range of values. A typical control routine can be created in a controller configuration environment that has various tools and interfaces whereby a developer can construct and implement a control strategy using industrial and conventional programming languages or graphical representations of control functionality. Such control routine can be downloaded from the configuration system into one or more controllers for implementation of the control strategy in controlling a process or machine.
Measured inputs received from a controlled process and outputs transmitted to the process can pass through one or more input/output (I/O) modules in a control system. Such modules can serve in the capacity of an electrical interface between the controller and the controlled process and can be located local or remote from the controller. Inputs and outputs can be recorded in an I/O memory. The input values can be asynchronously or synchronously read from the controlled process by one or more input modules and output values can be written directly to memory by a processor for subsequent communication to the process by specialized communications circuitry. An output module can interface directly with a controlled process by providing an output from memory to an actuator such as a motor, drive, valve, solenoid, and the like.
During execution of the control routine, values of the inputs and outputs exchanged with the controlled process can pass through memory. The values of inputs in memory can be asynchronously or synchronously updated from the controlled process by dedicated and/or common scanning circuitry. Such scanning circuitry can communicate with input and/or output modules over a bus on a backplane or network. The scanning circuitry can also asynchronously or synchronously write values of the outputs in memory to the controlled process. The output values from the memory can be communicated to one or more output modules for interfacing with the process. Thus, a controller processor can simply access the memory rather than needing to communicate directly with the controlled process.
In distributed control systems, controller hardware configuration can be facilitated by separating the industrial controller into a number of control elements, each of which performs a different function. Particular control modules needed for the control task can then be connected together on a common backplane within a rack and/or through a network or other communications medium. The control modules can include processors, power supplies, network communication modules, and I/O modules exchanging input and output signals directly with the controlled process. Data can be exchanged between modules using a backplane communications bus, which can be serial or parallel, or via a network. In addition to performing I/O operations based solely on network communications, smart modules exist which can execute autonomous logical or other control programs or routines. Various control modules of a distributed industrial control system can be spatially distributed along a common communication link in several locations. Certain I/O modules can thus be located proximate a portion of the controlled equipment, and away from the controller. Data can be communicated with these remote modules over a common communication link, or network, wherein all modules on the network communicate via standard communication protocols.
In a typical distributed control system, one or more I/O modules are provided for interfacing with a process. The outputs derive their control or output values in the form of a message from a master or peer device over a network or a backplane. For example, an output module can receive an output value from a processor via a communications network or a backplane communications bus. The desired output value is generally sent to the output module in a message. The output module receiving such a message will provide a corresponding output (analog or digital) to the controlled process. Input modules measure a value of a process variable and report the input values to another device over a network or backplane. The input values can be used by a processor for performing control computations.
As noted above, industrial controllers can be utilized to control systems, machines, processes, etc. in the industrial automation and manufacturing environment. An evolving technology that is gaining more and more interest in this environment is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which leverages electronic data to mitigate scanning bar codes and/or opening containers to obtain product information. Suitable electronic product data can include Electronic Product Code (EPC) data as well as other product related data. A typical EPC is a unique number bit-encoded and embedded in an RFID tag (a small silicon chip with one or more antennas) affixed to an associated product. An RFID reader is a device that can be utilized to read and/or write RFID tag data, depending on read/write privileges. For example, an RFID reader can be utilized to read EPC and/or electronic data from an RFID tag via wireless (e.g., radio frequency (RF)) communication and/or write EPC and/or electronic data to an RFID tag. Electronic product data read from an RFID tag can be utilized to provide a greater degree of certainty over what goes into a supply chain and/or how to manage raw materials, warehouse inventory, shipments, logistics, and/or various other aspects of manufacturing. However, conventional systems that employ RFID technology generally convey electronic product data obtained by RFID readers from RFID tags to a PC based server that performs data filtering and management and provides interfaces to other industrial applications. Thus, there is a need to provide techniques that integrate RFID technology with industrial controllers.
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an extensive overview of the invention. It is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of the invention nor to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
The systems and methods of the subject invention provide novel techniques that integrate Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with industrial controllers. The systems and methods provide for receiving electronic data such as Electronic Product Code (EPC) data or other product data from the physical RFID reader(s) and/or a server (e.g., Savant-like). Electronic data from RFID readers is received by RFID reader interfaces via vendor specific plug-ins, and electronic data from RFID related servers is received by server interfaces. The electronic product data can be filtered to discriminate between data of interest and other data and to mitigate receiving duplicate data, processed (e.g., where the EPC data is raw data) to a suitable format, and stored. Such storage can include delineating the electronic data across rows and columns of a table. Where the electronic product data includes EPC data, the table can store EPC code, logical reader, timestamps, various flags, etc. Stored data can be provided to one or more PLCs, controllers, modules, control applications, ERPs, MESs, and/or MCs, for example, upon receiving a subscription and/or request for such data. In addition, historical electronic product data and/or signal quality information associated with electronic product data can obtained and provided to a PLC, ERP, MES, and/or MC.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. However, these aspects are indicative of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention can be employed. Other aspects, advantages and novel features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the drawings.
As utilized in this application, terms "component," "object," "module," "system," "controller," "device," and variants thereof are intended to refer to a computer-related entities, either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a server and the server can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers.
The subject invention facilitates distribution of electronic product data such as Electronic Product Code (EPC) data to PLCs, controllers, modules, control applications, ERPs, MESs, and/or MCs, for example. The systems and methods integrate Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with such industrial components. Electronic data residing in RFID tags can be received through RFID reader interfaces employing various vendor specific plug-ins, and electronic data residing in a server can be received through server interfaces. Received electronic product data can be filtered, processed, and stored, for example, as records in a table. Stored data can be provided to one or more PLCs, controllers, modules, control applications, ERPs, MESs, and/or MCs, for example, upon receiving a subscription and/or request for such data. In addition, historical electronic product data and/or signal quality information associated with electronic product data can obtained and provided to a PLC, ERP, MES, and/or MC.
The subject invention is described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It may be evident, however, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing the present invention.
In one instance, the electronic data can be electronic product data (e.g., Electronic Product Code (EPC) data and other data associated with the product). Such data can be obtained from a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag affixed to the product and read by devices such as RFID readers and/or stored in related servers. The communications channel between the processing module 110 and these devices can be through essentially any wire and/or wireless channel, including Ethernet (e.g., 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T and 1000BASE-T), serial port (e.g., RS-232 and RS-422), parallel port, coaxial cable, Infrared (IR), BlueTooth, Universal Serial Bus (USB), Firewire, and the like. In addition, the processing module can employ various interfaces to receive data from different sources (e.g., different device models, manufacturers, vendors, software revisions, etc.).
The processing module 110 can receive pushed and/or pulled data. In one example, a reader can periodically transmit or emit electronic data to the processing module 110, which can accept or reject the electronic data, for example, based on whether the electronic data is data of interest to the industrial environment. Such data discrimination can be facilitated by filters or other software and/or hardware that pass and/or reject data. Alternatively and/or additionally, intelligence can be utilized to facilitate selection of suitable electronic data. In this instance, the intelligence can employ machine learning techniques that utilize statistics, probabilities, inferences, classifiers, etc. to render a decision as to whether electronic data should be accepted. In another example, the processing module 110 can transmit a message that indicates it is ready to receive electronic data. In yet another example, the processing module 110 can query electronic data, for example, from one or more other components, servers and/or databases.
The processing module 110 can operate on received electronic data. For example, the processing module 110 can filter, parse, and/or format electronic data. In addition, the processing module 110 can selectively extract and/or discard portions of the electronic data. Where the data is compressed, encrypted, encoded, modulated, protected, etc. the processing component 110 can act on the electronic product data in this state and/or decompress, decrypt, decode, demodulate, unprotect, etc. the data prior to acting on it. In addition, the processing module 110 can store the electronic data, for example, within local and/or remote storage components. For example, the processing module 110 can include various volatile and/or non-volatile memory that can be utilized to store the electronic data. Alternatively and/or additionally such memory can reside remote from the processing module 110.
It is to be appreciated that the electronic data can be variously stored. For example, the data can be stored in records of a database, one or more binary files, one or more ASCII files, etc. Stored electronic data can be conveyed to an industrial control interface 120, which can provide communication interfaces to convey at least a portion of the electronic data to one or more entities within the industrial environment (e.g., industrial controllers). Such interfaces can include essentially any interface, including subscribe and query based interfaces that enable an entity to subscribe to receive electronic product data and/or a signal quality indicator when such data becomes available and/or query saved electronic data.
It is to be appreciated that the system 100 can be integrated within one or more control systems. In one instance, the system 100 can reside and execute within an entity of a control system. In another instance, the system 100 can be an additional component that facilitates electronic data exchange as described herein. It is to be appreciated that the processing component 110 and/or the industrial control interface 120 can be software and/or hardware based. For example, these components can be implemented in essentially any programming language, such as, for example, C, C++, C# or Java based languages. In addition, a markup language such as Extensible Markup Language (XML) and/or Physical Markup Language (PML) can be utilized to define a system configuration, which can include information on mapping between logical-physical readers, available filters, etc.
The one or more industrial protocols 230 provide various communication protocols for communication with industrial systems (e.g., ERPs, MESs, MCs, agent-based systems, etc.) and/or components (e.g., controllers, programmable logic controllers, modules, etc.). For example, the one or more industrial protocols 230 can include Control and Information Protocol (CIP) protocols for communicating via DeviceNet, ControlNet, EtherNet/IP, and/or Controller Area Network (CAN), fieldbus protocols for communicating via Profibus, Interbus-S, RIP, P-Net, and AS-i, Transport Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) for communicating via the Internet, NetBios Extended User Interface (NetBEUI) for communicating via Large and Wide Area Networks (LANs and WANs), File Transfer Protocol (FTP) for communicating with workstations, servers and the like, Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) for communicating via the World Wide Web (WWW), etc.
The industrial control interface 210 can read electronic data from an industrial systems and/or component and convey the data to a processing module 240, which can store and/or provide the data to other entities. For example, the processing module 240 can provide the electronic data to a reader, which can write the data to a RFID tag on a product and/or a server. In another example, the processing module 240 can directly provide the data to the server. In addition, the industrial control interface 210 can be utilized to transfer electronic data from the processing module 240 to one or more industrial systems and/or components. Such data can be obtained from an RFID product tag. Such data can be received as unprocessed or processed data and compressed, encrypted, encoded, modulated within a carrier envelope, protected (e.g., password), etc. In addition, the electronic data can be received as a data stream, one or more data bursts and/or one or more data packets via wire and/or wireless technologies. Moreover, the data can include EPC as well as other electronic data.
Received electronic product data can be processed and stored by the processing module 240. Processing can include determining data of interest, wherein such data can be subsequently stored while other data is discarded; formatting the data, for example, prior to saving it; decompressing the data, decrypting the data, decoding the data, demodulating the data, unprotecting the data, transforming the data, etc. In one example, the data can be parsed by various characteristics and stored in a structured format. For example, similar data can be grouped and stored in a logical manner and/or a form suitable to the industrial systems and/or components. For example, the electronic data can be stored within rows and columns of a table. The stored data can be conveyed to the industrial systems and/or components through via the industrial control interface 210. Conveyance of the stored data can be based on a subscription and/or query by the industrial systems and/or components for the data. The system 200 can be integrated in one or more industrial systems within an entity of a system or as an additional component, as described in connection with the system 100 of
As depicted, the arbitration component 310 communicates with a controller 360 and one or more applications 370. The controller 360 includes a data region 380 and one or more control applications 390. The arbitration component 310 can utilize the one or more PLC interfaces 350 to read and/or write parameters in the data region 380. Such parameters can include I/O, status, and/or state data, for example. In addition, the arbitration component 310 can utilize the one or more industrial protocols 340 to exchange data with the control applications 390 of the controller 360. The control applications 390 can be programmed in essentially any programming language. Examples of suitable languages include industrial control languages (e.g., structured text (ST), sequential function chart (SFC), functional block diagram (FBD), instruction list (IL), and ladder diagram (LD)), C, C++, C#, Graphical Motion Language (GML), Java, Flow-Charts, etc., and/or any combination thereof. Moreover, the arbitration component 310 can utilize the one or more industrial protocols 340 to exchange electronic data with the applications 370, which can include essentially any application residing outside of the controller 360.
As described herein, the data communicated with the arbitration component 310 can be associated with electronic data obtained from a reader (e.g., RFID), a server, an RFID tag, or other component, wherein the electronic data can include EPC data (e.g., EPC code, logical reader, timestamp, signal quality indicator, various flags, etc.), product type, date of manufacture, lot number, and/or associated cases, pallets, and/or container levels, for example. The arbitration component 310 is depicted as an individual component within the system 300; however, it is to be appreciated that the arbitration component 310 can execute within the controller 360 and/or other entity of an industrial system. In addition, the arbitration component 310 can execute within a personal computer, a laptop, a human interface machine, a handheld computer, a workstation, an agent, a hardware module, a software module, firmware, a state machine, a microprocessor, a PDA, a smart phone, a mobile phone, etc. Moreover, the arbitration component 310 can be distributed and/or execute across industrial systems in a distributed environment.
In one aspect of the invention, the arbitration component 310 exchanges data with the controller 360 and/or applications 370 based on a subscription and/or query. For example, the controller 360 and/or any of the applications 370 can employ a Subscribe Interaction Protocol (e.g., FIPA, ACS/JDL, etc.) to subscribe to the arbitration component 310 to receive electronic data when such data arrives, a signal quality indicator associated with received electronic data, and/or other environmental information. The signal quality indicator and/or the other environmental information can be utilized to resolve the source of the electronic data (e.g., an RFID tag) and the location thereof. In another example, the controller 360 and/or applications 370 can request (e.g., query) the arbitration component 310 for historical information such as electronic data read within a particular time period (e.g., between timestamps), signal quality indicators read within a particular time period (e.g., between timestamps), timestamps corresponding to particular electronic data, signal quality indicators corresponding to a particular electronic data, etc. Such data can be provided by the arbitration component 310 to a subscriber(s) and/or requestor(s) as a list of records as described in detail below.
The processing module 520 further includes a filter and processing component 530 that can be utilized to process raw electronic data received through the reader interface 515 and/or the sever interface 525. The filter and processing component 530 can be utilized to discriminate between electronic data, for example, to recognize and store particular data, while discarding other data. Typically, electronic data received through the server interface 525 is processed and does not require further filtering and/or processing; however, such data may be unprocessed or additional filtering and/or processing may be desired. The filter and processing component 530 can convey the data to a storage component 535, which can include local and/or remote volatile and/or non-volatile memory.
An application interface 540 of the processing component 520 can be utilized to transfer electronic data stored in the storage component 535 through an industrial control interface 545 to an industrial control system 550. For example, a control application can of the industrial system 550 can subscribe to receive electronic data whenever an RFID tag enters and/or leaves a coverage area of the readers 505. In another example, the control application can query, or request, electronic data. In one instance, such request can be for historical electronic product data. For example, the historical data can be related to unique codes and/or a signal quality indicator read within a specific period of time and/or timestamps and/or signal quality indicators corresponding to particular electronic data. This information can be conveyed to the control application of the industrial system 550 as a list of records or other format. In addition, PLC plug-ins 555 and/or industrial protocols 560 can be employed to facilitate communication with the industrial control system 550.
The electronic data is conveyed by the filter and processing component 630 to a storage component 635, which is depicted as a two dimensional table. However, it is to be appreciated that this example is illustrative and not limitative, and that essentially any technique for storing data can be employed in accordance with aspects of the invention. For example, the table can be a database of records (e.g., records within a table, in-memory database and a simple DB system). In addition, essentially any number of rows and columns can be utilized to store the data, and the table can be one, two, three, four, . . . , N dimensional, wherein N is an integer equal to or greater than one. As depicted, the storage component 635 includes a plurality of columns 640 and a plurality of rows 645 in which electronic data is stored. In this particular example, the columns 640 are utilized to store EPC codes, logical reader identifiers (e.g., denoting the logical reader coverage area where the EPC data was acquired), time stamps, and flags that indicate whether a RFID tag is within a coverage area of a reader, respectively. The flag can be set based on incoming EPC (e.g., a sequence of EPC data periodically emitted by an RFID tag) data and/or by a transmitting reader (e.g., one of the readers 605), the server 610 and/or a photo-eye. It is to be understood that the columns 640 could be utilized to store more or less, and/or different information.
Respective rows 645 are associated with individual EPC codes. By way of example, a first row 650 includes an EPC code 110 . . . 0011, an associated logical reader identifier LR1, a timestamp of 12:35:00:00, and an "IN" flag that denotes the RFID tag entered the coverage area of the readers 605; a second row 655 includes an EPC code 101 . . . 1101, an associated logical reader identifier LR2, a timestamp of 12:35:05:30, and an "IN" flag that denotes the RFID tag entered the coverage area of the readers 605; and a third row 640 includes an EPC code 110 . . . 1010, an associated logical reader identifier LR2, a timestamp of 12:35:45:20, and an "OUT" flag that denotes the RFID tag left the coverage area of the readers 605. As described in detail below, a logical reader can be defined by one or more physical readers and associated antennas. The electronic data stored in the storage component 635 can be conveyed through an application interface 665 to an industrial control interface 670, which facilitates distributing the electronic data, via one or more PLC interfaces 680 and/or one or more industrial protocols 690, to one or more industrial systems 695.
The system 700 further includes a server 716 that stores electronic product data. The electronic data stored within the server 716 can be uploaded and/or downloaded from a user and/or programmer's interface (not shown) and/or from the readers 702 and 704. Typically, electronic data received from the readers 702 and 704 is raw data, which can be filtered and processed within the server 716 before, during and/or after saving the electronic data. The electronic data within the server 716 can be stored as records within a database or other formats, for example, binary and ASCII. The electronic data read by the readers 702 and 704 and/or stored in the server 716 can be conveyed to a processing module 718 for storage and distribution to an industrial system(s) 720. The processing module 718 can include a reader interface 722 that can accept electronic data from the readers 702 and 704 as described herein. The processing module 718 further includes a server interface 724 that accepts electronic data from the server 716 as described herein. The server interface 716 can include interfaces to Savant-like servers.
The processing module 718 further includes a filter and processing component 726 that can filter electronic data to discriminate between electronic data and format the data. Suitable filtering includes recognizing and filtering duplicate readings. For example, when an RFID tag enters a range of one of the antennas 706, 708 and 710, the corresponding physical RFID reader (physical RFID reader 702 or physical RFID reader 704) periodically reads electronic data transmitted from the RFID tag and sends it to the processing module 718. In many instances, the reader reads duplicate electronic data emitted by the RFID tag. For example, the reader 702 can read the same EPC code multiple times per second. In another example, two RFID tags can be within the range of the antenna 706. In this instance, the reader 702 can read duplicate data from both RFID tags (e.g., EPC1, EPC2, EPC1, EPC1, EPC2 . . . ). Suitable filtering can recognize and discriminate between the two RFID tags. For example, the filtering can recognize that two tags with different electronic data entered the reader at a particular time and consider the mapping between physical and logical readers. The filter and processing component 726 can convey the electronic data to a storage component 728, and stored electronic data can be distributed to the industrial systems 720 through an application interface 730 and an industrial control interface 732 via various PLC interfaces 734 and/or industrial protocols 736, as described herein.
The following discussion provides two specific examples that further explain possible mappings between physical and logical RFID readers. It is to be appreciated that these examples are illustrative and do not limit the invention. A first example depicts a conveyor belt system with a physical reader 738 coupled to a plurality of antennas 740, 742, 744 and 746. The system further includes a logical reader 748 formed from the antennas 740 and 742, and a logical reader 750 formed from the antennas 744 and 746. The antenna 740, for example, can read a tag 752, a tag 754, or both tags 752 and 754 and, simultaneously, the antenna 742 can read the tag 754, the tag 752, or both tags 752 and 754. A filtration module (e.g., the filter and processing component 726) can determine the tags 752 and 754 have been read by the logical reader 748. Likewise, the antenna 744 can read a tag 756, a tag 758, or both tags 756 and 758 and, simultaneously, the antenna 746 can read the tag 758, the tag 756, or both tags 756 and 758. The filtration module can determine the tags 756 and 758 have been read by the logical reader 750. A second example depicts a location such as a dock door, wherein a single logical reader 760 is formed from a physical reader 762 and associated antennas 764, 766, 768 and 770 and a physical reader 772 and associated antennas 774, 776, 778 and 780. Utilizing several antennas can ensue that all tags going through the dock door (e.g., on pallets on a track) will be read. Some tags will be read by the antennas 764, 766, 768 and 770 (e.g., tags closer to these antennas), and some tags will be read by the antennas 774, 776, 778 and 780 (e.g., tags closer to these antennas). However, all tags go through the same area and, thus, belong to the same logical reader 760.
Upon receiving electronic data at an interface, the intelligent component 870 can facilitate determining whether the data should be filtered and/or formatted. Such filtering can include saving electronic data deemed to be desired and discarding remaining electronic data. The intelligent component 870 can then be utilized to facilitate storing the electronic data. For example, the intelligent component 870 can parse the electronic data and store respective portions within different fields. In one instance, such fields can be associated with a database table as described herein. The intelligent component 870 can facilitate conveying the stored electronic data to the industrial system(s) 830 as described herein. Such conveyance can be in accordance with agent subscriptions and/or queries, wherein the electronic data is provided to the industrial system(s) 830 based on a corresponding subscription or query.
It is to be appreciated that the intelligent component 870 can utilize statistics, heuristics, probabilities, historical data, costs, etc. in connection with facilitating the arbitration component 810 by performing a probabilistic and/or statistic-based analysis, which can be utilized to infer and/or render decisions. As utilized herein, the term "inference" and variations thereof generally refers to the process of reasoning about or inferring states of the system, environment, and/or user from a set of observations as captured via events and/or data. Inference can be employed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate a probability distribution over states, for example. The inference can be probabilistic—that is, the computation of a probability distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of data and events. Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, whether or not the events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and data come from one or several event and data sources. Various classification (explicitly and/or implicitly trained) schemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks, expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, data fusion engines . . . ) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/or inferred action in connection with the subject invention.
At 1020, the electronic data is filtered. Such filtering includes recognizing and filtering duplicate readings. For example, when an RFID tag enters a range of an antenna of a reader, the reader begins to periodically read the electronic data from the RFID tag and send the read data. In many instances, the reader reads duplicate electronic data emitted by the RFID tag (e.g., the same EPC code, for example, 100 readings of the same EPC per second). In another example, two RFID tags can be within the range of the antenna. In this instance, the reader can read duplicate data from both RFID tags (e.g., EPC1, EPC2, EPC1, EPC1, EPC2 . . . ). The filtering can recognize that two tags with different electronic data entered the reader at a particular time and consider the mapping between physical and logical readers. At reference numeral 1030, the electronic data is processed. Such processing includes formatting the electronic data for subsequent storage, recognizing electronic product data of interest, etc. At 1040, the electronic data is stored. In one instance, the electronic data is stored as records in a table, wherein individual rows are utilized to delineate related electronic data across fields, or columns. In one particular example, individual fields can store an EPC code, a logical reader identifier, a timestamp, a flag that indicates whether a RFID tag is within a coverage area, etc.
At reference numeral 1050, stored electronic data is provided to one or more components of the industrial control system. Conveyance of such data can be in response to a subscription (e.g., a Subscribe Interaction Protocol) by the component to receive electronic data information and/or signal quality information whenever an RFID tag enters a coverage area. In another instance, one or more of the components can automatically receive such information. In yet another example, intelligence can be employed to determine when or if received and/or stored electronic data should be conveyed to the component. In still another example, conveyance can be in response to a request for historical information.
At 1120, the electronic data can be stored. If desired, prior to storage the data can be filtered and/or processed. However, data received from a server typically has been filtered and processed and, thus, additional filtering and processing may or may not be desired. In one example, the data is stored as records in a table. As such, individual rows can include one or more fields that store particular portions of the data. For example, individual fields can store an EPC code, a logical reader identifier, a timestamp, a flag that indicates whether a RFID tag is within an antenna's coverage area, etc. At reference numeral 1130, stored data can be provided to one or more components of the industrial control system. Conveyance of such data can be in response to a subscription and/or query.
In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the invention,
With reference to
The system bus 1418 can be any of several types of bus structure(s) including the memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus or external bus, and/or a local bus using any variety of available bus architectures including, but not limited to, 11-bit bus, Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA), Micro-Channel Architecture (MSA), Extended ISA (EISA), Intelligent Drive Electronics (IDE), VESA Local Bus (VLB), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Advanced Graphics Port (AGP), Personal Computer Memory Card International Association bus (PCMCIA), and Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI).
The system memory 1416 includes volatile memory 1420 and nonvolatile memory 1422. The basic input/output system (BIOS), containing the basic routines to transfer information between elements within the computer 1412, such as during start-up, is stored in nonvolatile memory 1422. By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory 1422 can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory 1420 includes random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).
Computer 1412 also includes removable/non-removable, volatile/non-volatile computer storage media.
It is to be appreciated that
A user enters commands or information into the computer 1412 through input device(s) 1436. Input devices 1436 include, but are not limited to, a pointing device such as a mouse, trackball, stylus, touch pad, keyboard, microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, TV tuner card, digital camera, digital video camera, web camera, and the like. These and other input devices connect to the processing unit 1414 through the system bus 1418 via interface port(s) 1438. Interface port(s) 1438 include, for example, a serial port, a parallel port, a game port, and a universal serial bus (USB). Output device(s) 1440 use some of the same type of ports as input device(s) 1436. Thus, for example, a USB port may be used to provide input to computer 1412 and to output information from computer 1412 to an output device 1440. Output adapter 1442 is provided to illustrate that there are some output devices 1440 like monitors, speakers, and printers, among other output devices 1440, which require special adapters. The output adapters 1442 include, by way of illustration and not limitation, video and sound cards that provide a means of connection between the output device 1440 and the system bus 1418. It should be noted that other devices and/or systems of devices provide both input and output capabilities such as remote computer(s) 1444.
Computer 1412 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer(s) 1444. The remote computer(s) 1444 can be a personal computer, a server, a router, a network PC, a workstation, a microprocessor based appliance, a peer device or other common network node and the like, and typically includes many or all of the elements described relative to computer 1412. For purposes of brevity, only a memory storage device 1446 is illustrated with remote computer(s) 1444. Remote computer(s) 1444 is logically connected to computer 1412 through a network interface 1448 and then physically connected via communication connection 1450. Network interface 1448 encompasses communication networks such as local-area networks (LAN) and wide-area networks (WAN). LAN technologies include Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Copper Distributed Data Interface (CDDI), Ethernet/IEEE-1102.3, Token Ring/IEEE-1102.5 and the like. WAN technologies include, but are not limited to, point-to-point links, circuit switching networks like Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN) and variations thereon, packet switching networks, and Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL).
Communication connection(s) 1450 refers to the hardware/software employed to connect the network interface 1448 to the bus 1418. While communication connection 1450 is shown for illustrative clarity inside computer 1412, it can also be external to computer 1412. The hardware/software necessary for connection to the network interface 1448 includes, for exemplary purposes only, internal and external technologies such as, modems including regular telephone grade modems, cable modems and DSL modems, ISDN adapters, and Ethernet cards.
What has been described above includes examples of the present invention. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the present invention, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the present invention are possible. Accordingly, the present invention is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
In particular and in regard to the various functions performed by the above described components, devices, circuits, systems and the like, the terms (including a reference to a "means") used to describe such components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise indicated, to any component which performs the specified function of the described component (e.g., a functional equivalent), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure, which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary aspects of the invention. In this regard, it will also be recognized that the invention includes a system as well as a computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions for performing the acts and/or events of the various methods of the invention.
In addition, while a particular feature of the invention may have been disclosed with respect to only one of several implementations, such feature may be combined with one or more other features of the other implementations as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms "includes," and "including" and variants thereof are used in either the detailed description or the claims, these terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising."
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August 3, 2015
A couple of local athletes struck gold in London.
Aries Merritt has called Bryan home for a number of years as he trained with his coach, who now works at Texas A&M. Merritt won gold for the U.S. in the 110-meter hurdles.
Demetrius Pinder is from the Bahamas, but has been competing for the multi-time national champs at A&M. He and three countrymen brought the island nation a gold in the 4x400-meter relay.
For Pinder, the gold has an extra special meaning for his country, as it was the only medal the nation secured at the 2012 Summer Games. The 23-year-old has been back home since the win, where the nation was more than welcoming to its winning athletes.
Merritt just returned to the area from a trip to the White House to meet President and Mrs. Obama, but the 27-year-old achieved another major feat in between his Olympic win and his trip to Washington. Merritt set a new world record in the 110-meter hurdles at his last event.
Both have eyes on representing their countries again at the 2016 Olympics in Brazil.
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