text:
Ayalon seems to have no regrets other than the fact the planning of the meeting was recorded. In other words he only regrets that he was caught. So his forced apology was false and meaningless. No surprise of course, but you would have thought he might have kept his head down and stayed silent on the issue until it blew over.
Republican former Virginia Governor Jim Gilmore files paperwork to enter presidential race (AP)
from the article: Ayalon: If Israel is attacked, we'll consider expelling ambassadors


text:
Join the 'Methocarbamol' group to help and get support from people like you.
Methocarbamol Questions
We found 116 questions associated with the 'Methocarbamol' topic.
Can you take (2) 750mg methocarbamol at the same time?
My girlfriend is suffering from severe back spasms. Her doctor prescribe methocarbamol 750Mg (7/30/13) it says on the bottle take 1 tablet 3x a day but one is not helping her at all plz help me help ...
Posted 30 Jul 2013 • 1 answer
Is it safe to take tramadol with methocarbamol?
I recently stopped taking oxycodone 10mg. But I'm not sleeping at all and restless legs are driving me nuts. So they put me on methocarbamol and I'm already on tramadol. Is this a dangerous ...
Posted 17 Oct 2014 • 4 answers
Is Methocarbamol a narcotic?
Posted 1 Dec 2009 • 2 answers
Does Methocarbamol contain aspirin, ibuprofen, or Naproxen?
I take one methocarbamol 750 mg nightly for leg cramps ("charlie horses"). I have to have a colonoscopy soon and I am to stop taking any drug that contains any of the above medications a ...
Posted 26 Jan 2013 • 2 answers
Can ibuprofen be taken after 4 hours of taking methocarbamol?
This is for lower back pain
Posted 19 Jun 2013 • 2 answers
Does methocarbamol 500mg work the same as soma 350mg?
Posted 7 Mar 2014 • 3 answers
Methocarbamol - Can I take methocarbonal with Tylenol arthritis medication?
... acetaphetamin)?
Posted 30 Jan 2014 • 1 answer
What is the shelf life for methocarbamol?
How long does it take to expire?
Posted 4 days ago • 0 answers
I have a prescription of Methocarbamol 500mg that expiredin 2012. Is it okay to still take it?
Posted 6 Feb 2014 • 3 answers
Methocarbamol - I have more of a concern because of my seizures and the job I do,I can't increase my
... seizures
Posted 13 Jun 2015 • 0 answers
Can methocarbamol 750 mg be taken together with ibuprofen usp 400 mg?
I have neck and back pain so i take methocarbamol for it. but when I have my period i take ibuprofen to relief my menstrual cramps. so if i take only one of both i don't feel 100% well still. so ...
Posted 5 Oct 2014 • 2 answers
Methocarbamol - methocarbol is like a cymboin??
Is methocarbol give u the same feeling as a cymboxin?
Posted 29 May 2015 • 1 answer
Methocarbamol - Anybody with fibromyalgia taking this? I have terrible muscle spasms. This is only?
... thing that works
Posted 12 May 2015 • 1 answer
I've been prescribed Methocarbamol 750, 6 per day, for about?
ten years. Was told by pain doc and rheumatologist that it's an old drug introduced in the 1950s and is considered very mild. I changed pain doctor and he said absolutely no more metho for me. ...
Posted 1 May 2015 • 1 answer
What's the difference between Methocarbamol and cyclobenzaprine?
which is stronger, which is longer lasting
Posted 17 Nov 2011 • 1 answer
Ask a Question
Further Information
Related Condition Support Groups
Opiate Withdrawal, Muscle Spasm, Tetanus
Related Drug Support Groups
Robaxin, Robaxin-750, Carbacot, Skelex
Methocarbamol Patient Information at Drugs.com
- Methocarbamol Information for Consumers
- Methocarbamol Information for Healthcare Professionals (includes dosage details)
- Side Effects of Methocarbamol (detailed)

subset: commoncrawl


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- Spencerport Fire Department to host community appreciation eventPosted 5 days ago
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Memole – Appleby
Regina C. Memole and Robert J. Appleby were wed June 21, 2014 at Nazareth College Linehan Chapel, Rochester.
The bride is the daughter of Alfred and Mary Memole of Rensselaer, New York. The groom is the son of John and Mary Kay Appleby of Spencerport.
Meaghan Castle was maid of honor. Acting as bridesmaids were Caroline Appleby, sister of the groom, and Teresa Memole, sister of the bride. Anna and Niamh Brennan, nieces of the bride, were flower girls.
The best man as Christopher Wojdak. Serving as groomsmen were Ted Janiszewski and T.J. Wasik.
Regina earned a degree in music education from Nazareth College. She is a music teacher at JLU Child Care, Spencerport.
Robert attended The College at Brockport. He is a motor equipment operator for the Town of Greece.
The couple honeymooned in the Adirondacks. They reside in Greece.
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No harm in using gods name for business: SCChief Justice HL Dattu and Justices Arun Mishra and Amitava Roy made it clear that citizens cannot be restrained from carrying their business enterprises on the names of any god or goddess. Supreme Court of India. The Supreme Court on ... India Today, 5 days ago
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Arun Maira | Building a jobs machine
Photo: Hemant Mishra/Mint People want to stand on their own feet, look after themselves, earn their own incomes. The principal strategy for inclusive growth must be the creation of widespread opportunities for incomes from employment and ...Livemint.com, 3 weeks ago
Supreme Court refuses to stay Goa Cricket Association election process
A vacation bench of Justice Arun Mishra said the polling would be subject to the outcome of the matter pendingbefore the Bombay High Court.Economic Times, 1 month ago Goa Cricket Association elections on June 28: SC Prokerala, 1 month ago SC refuses to stay Goa Cricket Association election process Business Standard, 1 month ago
Mishra picked for Sri Lanka tour
Returns to Test squad after a gap of four years Photo: R. Ragu India's selectors took a cue from Pakistan on Thursday when they recalled leg-spinner Amit Mishra after four years for next month's three-Test series in Sri Lanka. Mishra, 32, who ...The Hindu, 5 days ago India pick Mishra - For SL tour Ceylon Today, 5 days ago India recall Mishra for SL tour IAfrica.com, 6 days ago Pakistan spinner Shah's success spurs India to recall Mishra for Lanka series Emirates247, 6 days ago
'Masaan' review: Visually compelling, haunting performances and nuanced writing make it a must watch
Film: Masaan Director: Neeraj Ghaywan Cast: Richa Chadha, Saurabh Chaudhary, Vicky Kaushal, Sanjay Mishra, Shweta Tripathi, Bhagwan Tiwari Rating: **** (4 stars) What's it about Set in modern-day Varanasi, here's a story in the city of contrasts where much ...DNA, 5 days ago Masaan review by Anupama Chopra: A really haunting, riveting debut Hindustan Times, 5 days ago Review: Masaan - Splendid little cinematic gem Press Trust of India, 5 days ago Film Review: Masaan Bangalore Mirror, 6 days ago
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Cast: Sanjay Mishra, Richa Chadda, Vicky Kaushal, Shweta Tripathi, Saurabh Chadhary, Vineet Kumar, Pankaj Tripathi, Nikhil Sahni, Bhagwan Tiwari; Director: Neeraj Ghaywan; Rating: ***1/2 An Indo-French co-production, "Masaan" is a poignant ...Economic Times, 6 days ago 'Masaan': An emotionally engaging … Yahoo! India, 6 days ago Masaan': An emotionally engaging tale (IANS Movie Review, Rating ***1/2) Can India News, 6 days ago 'Masaan': An emotionally engaging tale Deccan Herald, 6 days ago
RML hosp suspends doc for pvt practice, negligence
LUCKNOW: State health department suspended Dr Arun Kumar Srivastava, the government surgeon at Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital accused of private practice and negligence, here on Tuesday. The move came after orders from health minister Ahmed Hasan.Times of India, 1 week ago
Polly In Fine Fetter
When in the Opposition, BJP leaders, including current Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Union finance minister Arun Jaitley, had belittled it as the Congress Bureau of Investigation. The Supreme Court famously likened it to a caged parrot, and ...Outlook India, 1 week ago FTII row: Centre struggles to defend appointment of Gajendra Chauhan Indian Express, 2 weeks ago Arrogant Jaitley Asian Age, 3 weeks ago Who are the Opposition leaders Modi speaks to regularly? Rediff.com, 1 week ago
What is the Swiss Challenge Method?
The Swiss challenge method is one that has been used in India by various states. Photo: Hemant Mishra/Mint New Delhi: The Union cabinet on Thursday gave its approval to redevelop 400 railway stations using the Swiss challenge method. Four ...Livemint.com, 1 week ago
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10 States With the Lowest Number of Specialist Physicians
Wyoming had the lowest number of specialist physicians in 2012, according to State Health Facts, a project of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation.
There were a total of 437,639 specialist physicians in the United States in 2012.
The 10 states with the lowest numbers of specialist physicians, according to the report, were:
1. Wyoming — 518
2. North Dakota — 775
3. Alaska — 782
4. South Dakota — 912
5. Vermont — 1,050
6. Montana — 1,062
7. Idaho — 1,332
8. Delaware — 1,390
9. Hawaii — 1,734
10. New Hampshire — 1,929
More Articles on Physicians:Shadowing Programs Increase Interest in Surgery, Survey Finds
Report: Medical Malpractice Costs Lowest in 10 Years
Endocrinologists See Nearly 6% Increase in Pay in 2012
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- GI physician leader to know: Dr. Phillip Toskes of University of Florida


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Katonah, NYUSA
Hometown: Katonah
September 6, 2010
Fascinated by the possibilities that technology and information sharing pose for artists and activists.
Connections and stimulating conversation
No answer yet
Wow, this sounds like a great group. Not sure how many meetups I can make as I'm an hour outside the city, but hope to connect and brainstorm soon.
Meetup members, Log in
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hr generalist jobs near New York, NY
HR Director
Advice Personnel- New York City , NY
Job Description Responsibilities: • Provide comprehensive employee relations support utilizing coaching, counseling and influencing skills • Establish strong and effective working...18 days ago from Advice Personnel
Director Human Resources
Thermo Fisher Scientific- Fair Lawn , NJ
results orientation. * * Ensure alignment of HR processes including the Human Resources ... business related field. Master s degree and HR certification preferred. * 12-15+ years...30+ days ago from Thermo Fisher Scientific
Senior Director, Total Rewards & HR Operations
Gilt Groupe- New York , NY
equity and commission plans. Work with HR Generalists to support employee needs, and ... Establish and/or strengthen relationships with key HR vendors to maximize value for the se...30+ days ago from Gilt Groupe
Director, DevelopmentNEW
Warner Music Group- New York City , NY
With its broad roster of new stars and legendary artists, Warner Music Group is home to a collection of the best-known record labels in the music industry including Asylum,...2 days ago from Warner Music Group
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Legal and Compliance teams Financial & HR Headcount Management and Oversight Partner ... and financial needs In partnership with HR team, guide talent practices and processes...17 days ago from ExecuNet
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Audit, Legal, Finance, Risk, HR and other Compliance teams as appropriate to assess and mitigate compliance risk; reviewing and advising on Policy & Procedures, conflict...13 days ago from Bank of America
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i.e., Global Technology, Finance, HR and Communications Help to identify and develop, metrics and milestones of progress, as well as communicate those milestones across CIB...9 days ago from JPMorgan Chase & Co
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Daughter's plea for Rajiv Gandhi murder plotter
The murder of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in May 1991 stunned India - but it was also a personal tragedy for a young girl who had yet to be born.
Haritha Murugan's parents were arrested days after the murder and convicted of plotting it. She was born to the couple in prison in January 1992 and has met them once since that time.
Nalini, Haritha's mother, will spend the rest of her life in jail - her death sentence was commuted a decade ago after appeals for clemency.
But her father, Murugan, is one of three men still on death row for the murder.
All the accused in the Rajiv Gandhi case were tried under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act which has long been withdrawn because of its widespread misuse.
Under this act, a confession given to officers above a certain rank (deputy superintendent of police) was treated as valid evidence - which is not the case under normal criminal procedure....
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text:
All hotels in Boone, North Carolina, United States of America
1 room, 2 adults
1184 SR 105, Boone, NC, 28607, United States of America, 855-239-9228
Comfort Suites Boone, Boone
Lowest price$84
Best Price Guarantee
Boone hotel with indoor pool, 24-hour fitness
- Free buffet breakfast, free WiFi, and free parking
Main amenities
- 96 guestrooms
- Indoor pool
- 24-hour fitness center
- 24-hour business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Coffee/tea in the lobby
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Self-serve laundry
- Free newspapers in the lobby
What's around
- Boone Mall (0.2 mi / 0.4 km)
- Daniel Boone Native Gardens (0.7 mi / 1.2 km)
- Horn in the West (0.8 mi / 1.3 km)
- Appalachian Cultural Museum (0.8 mi / 1.3 km)
- Appalachian State University (1 mi / 1.6 km)
Everything was great for our party of four including two teenagers. We enjoyed the free…
Great family stay. Spacious rooms and welcoming staff. Great value.
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 4
From 244 reviews
Enter dates to check prices
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $84
- Suite, 1 King Bed with Sofabed
- Suite
Recommended hotels
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 96 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 3 floors
- Check-in time starts at 3 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Pets not allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
Nearby Two Star Boone hotels
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Free buffet breakfast
- Coffee/tea in the lobby
Things to do
- Indoor pool
- 24-hour fitness facilities
Working away
- 24-hour business center
- 24-hour front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Elevator/lift
- In-room accessibility
In the room
Home comforts
- Air conditioning
- Iron/ironing board
Freshen up
- Hair dryer
Be entertained
- Satellite TV channels
Stay connected
- Free newspaper
- Free WiFi
- Free local calls
Food and drink
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Daily housekeeping
- Connecting/adjoining rooms available
Top Boone hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Boone
- Days Inn LenoirFrom
"We just stayed in for a night, mooving to somwhere else. The night was good!"Jul 17, 2015
- Days Inn JeffersonFrom
"The staff went all out to see we had a great stay."Jul 7, 2015
- Nation's InnFrom
"I've seen a lot of negative reviews for this hotel and I'm not sure why. The hotel was clean and the staff was very friendly and accommodating. My only compliant is the breakfast…"Jun 21, 2015
- The Homestead Inn
"We had a great stay, however The parking at the hotel isn't great. There are limited number of spaces and they aren't numbered. It is clean and close to where we wanted to be. I…"Jan 27, 2015
Nearby hotels
Comfort Suites Boone, Boone's small print
Also known as
- Comfort Suites Boone
- Comfort Suites Hotel Boone
- Boone Comfort Suites
- Comfort Suites Boone Boone
The property has connecting/adjoining rooms, which are subject to availability and can be requested by contacting the property using the number on the booking confirmation.
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.


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Large Master Suite - Canopy KingUnited States, California, Santa Barbara
Request to Book
About this listing
Our rooms are beautifully decorated with art and textiles from around the world and makes for a very comfortable and romantic get- away for two.
Located in a canyon at the base of Santa Barbara foothills with lots of greenery and wildlife around.
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
Space where guests can cook their own meals
Towels, bed sheets, soap, and toilet paper
Central heating or a heater in the listing
In the building, free or for a fee
In the building, free or for a fee
Continuous access in the listing
Breakfast is provided.
The listing can accommodate a gathering of 25 or more attendees
Easy access to the building and listing for guests in wheelchairs
Private or Shared
Free, in the building or nearby
Posted emergency information and resources
The Space
We are a professional couple offering a private furnished master bedroom with in suite full bathroom. All utilities and wireless Internet are included and there is laundry on site. We are located to the west of the City of Santa Barbara, easy access to the Back Country( Santa Ynez Valley, 20Min), Downtown and the Stearn's Wharf ( 15 Min), UCSB ( 8 min.) and the Gaviota Coast.
This is a really nice neighborhood located in a canyon at the base of the foothills of Santa Barbara with lots of greenery and wildlife around. The back garden has a sundeck and a patio with picnic table where you can enjoy the tranquility and sun.
The house is located in the foothills just 3 miles from nearest shopping center and only 10-12 min drive from the city of Santa Barbara, where we have fun shopping and great restaurants. Also the harbor tour companies offer some of the world's best whale watching year round and sunset cruises.
We have lived 20 years in Santa Barbara, and have extensive knowledge of greater Santa Barbara metro and all of California. We have had travelers from all over the world stay with us, as well as traveled ourselves to over 40 countries. We look forward to welcoming you and recommending you the best adventures here on the beautiful California Central Coast.
Guest Access
The back garden has various seating areas for enjoying a cup of tea or coffee. If mandarins are in season, please feel free to pick some.
Though cooking on the stove is not allowed, you can make use of the toaster over and microwave, there is also a shelf in refrigerator available for storing cold foods and drinks. Also please make use of the any dishes glasses and silverware that you might need.
Please refrain from eating on the bed to avoid spillage on the linens and mattress, you are welcome to use the dining table in the kitchen at anytime.
Laundry is $5 per load, includes soap, and dryer use.
Interaction with Guests
We try to gauge how much interaction our guests are interested in via the initial correspondence or upon arrival as everyone have different needs in this aspect. We always make ourselves available via Email and Text, if we can mobile phone as well, that way if guests prefer a quick text instead of a face-to-face conversation; they have us attending them just as well.
The Neighborhood
Our neighborhood is located 10-12 minutes by car from the city of Santa Barbara, it is backed up to Tuckers Grove Park and the foothills and brings us an abundance of wildlife in the gardens. Our garden is most California Natives and Bee/Butterfly friendly and we have lots of birds coming to our birdbaths and plants. The neighborhood is quiet and safe to walk in.
Getting Around
We have plenty of parking on the street in front of the house. Taxi ride from SBA airport cost about $15-$20 depending on time of day.
Though there are some infrequent buses from Cathedral Oaks road, we recommend renting a car to get around in Santa Barbara or California in general.
1. Please be respectful of our home. We have worked hard to create a unique and beautiful space for our guests and want to maintain it in good condition for future guests. We do not allow use of massage oils on our bedding.Please refrain from eating on the bed to avoid spillage on the linens and mattress, you are welcome to use the dining table in the kitchen at anytime. Please come and go as you please but be mindful that you are sharing the house with others if entering late or leaving early in the morning.
2.Should you need it: Laundry is $5 per load including soap, and dryer use. Please ask for assistance.
CHECK OUT RESPONSIBILITIES - Things to do upon your departure:
3. Please leave mugs and glasses on tray we will take care of it.
4. Just leave bed unmade, no need to strip sheets off, we take care of all the linens and towels.
5. Please lock the front door upon your departure and leave the key on bar table near the front door.
Have a fantastic time!
Thank you!
140 Reviews
Christina und Geoffrey sind ein wundervolles Paar und haben uns einen tollen Aufenthalt in Santa Barbars ermöglicht! Beide sind super nett und haben uns viele Infos und Tipps gegeben. Das Zimmer war wie beschrieben. Es war sehr sauber und groß. Das Bett war sehr sehr bequem und groß. Mit dem Auto konnte man schnell zum Strand und ins Stadtzentrum fahren. Alles super und sehr weiterzuempfehlen.
Just perfect.
Nice room exactly as described by the pictures, and very warm welcome from our host who were both very helpful and discreet.
Everything was great. The room was true to the pictures and very nice/comfortable/well decorated/spotless clean. There were a lot of amenities in the bathroom and Geoffrey & Christina have put a lot of thought into making guests feel comfortable. The house itself is very charming and clean, which adds to the positive experience; also this is a good, safe neighborhood with high-quality residents. I met Christina when I checked in, as well as one other time, and she was very friendly and helpful. I would certainly stay here again and recommend to others!
Geoffrey was a wonderful host and their home was lovely! Very helpful with our questions about things to do locally! Highly highly recommend
We stayed at the Master Suite for 2 nights - the room is really large and laid out nicely with a seating area, a very comfortable bed, and a spacious private bathroom. Having a hot water kettle to make tea in the morning is a nice added touch! The location, around 15 minutes from downtown Santa Barbara, is great, and it's an easy drive downtown. Geoff was a great host and we really appreciated his advice and help. We would stay there again if ever in the area.
We had a wonderful stay at Geoff's and Christina's place. I would really like to commend them for how they kept the room. The room was spacious, bed was very comfortable and they decorated the place very well.They have a beautiful collection of artifacts.We felt at home !I am sure we would go back to their place next time we r in Santa Barbara.
This host has 71 reviews for other properties.View Other Reviews
About the Host, Geoffrey & Christina
We are a married couple in our 40's. We love to travel and meeting new people from around the world.
Geoff works in IT for UCSB and Christina is self employed and works in the fashion industry. Christina also speaks Danish and Spanish fluently.
We enjoy hikes, kayaking,sailing,horseback riding, gardening,reading,antiques, architecture, dance and art.


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Philippines Substation Expansion Project Report Date: August 2002 Field Survey: June 2001 1. Project Profile and Japan's ODA Loan Location Map of the Project The Concepcion substation 1.1 Background The transmission system in the Philippines is divided into three grids: Luzon, Mindanao and Visayas. The Luzon grid supplies the Metropolitan area of Manila, which, at the time of appraisal, accounted for 70%*1 of total energy demand in the Philippines. While the installed capacity of the Luzon grid was 5,254 MW, as against peak demand of 3,100 MW in September 1993, the available capacity of the grid was only 2,652 MW that month. This insufficient operation or sub-performance resulted in a peak shortage of 448 MW. However, owing to the commissioning of the new power stations and the rise in the water level of reservoirs for hydroelectric power stations, by the end of April 1994, available capacity was increased to 3,614 MW, as against installed capacity of 5,778 MW and peak demand of 3,193 MW. This resulted in 421 MW of surplus capacity during the peak time and alleviated potential energy shortages, as the country had experienced in 1992 and 1993. However, power demand within the Luzon grid, increased, on average, 4.6% per year from 1989 to 1993, and was estimated to grow 9.2% yearly from 1994 to 1998, at the time of appraisal. To cope with this estimated rapid increase in electricity demand, the Philippine government was proceeding to construct new power stations and associated transmission lines. In addition to these activities, expansion of existing substations was needed. 1.2 Objectives To install additional transformers at existing NPC's substations located within the Luzon grid in order to meet increasing demand. 1 At the time of appraisal -1- 1.3 Project Scope i) Procurement and installation of power transformers and related accessories for the following seven substations, located within the Luzon Grid. Name of Substation Transformer Capacity Additional Transformer Before the project After the project Laoag Substation 20 MVA 70 MVA 50 MVA, 115 kV- 69/ 13.8 kV 1 Unit Dasmarinas Substation 200 MVA 500 MVA 300 MVA, 230kV- 115 kV 1 Unit San Manuel Substation 100 MVA 150 MVA 50 MVA, 230kV- 69/13.8 kV 1 Unit La Trinidad Substation 150 MVA 250 MVA 100 MVA, 230 kV- 69 kV 1 Unit Concepcion Substation 100 MVA 200 MVA 100 MVA, 230 kV- 69 kV 1 Unit Hermosa Substation 50 MVA 100 MVA 50 MVA, 230kV- 69 kV 1 Unit*2 San Jose Substation 100 MVA 150 MVA 50 MVA, 115kV- 34.5 kV 1 Unit ii) Procurement of one reserve power transformer (100 MVA, 230 kV- 69/13.8 kV) for Luzon Grid. 1.4 Borrower/ Executing Agency Republic of Philippines / National Power Corporation (NPC) 1.5 Outline of Loan Agreement Loan Amount/ 2,896 million yen/ Loan Disbursed Amount 1,219 million yen Exchange of Notes/ November, 1994/ Loan Agreement December, 1994 Terms and Conditions Interest Rate 3.0 %. Repayment Period (Grace Period) 30 years (10 years) Procurement General Untied Final Disbursement Date April, 1999 2. Results and Evaluation 2.1 Relevance At the time of appraisal, the National Power Corporation (NPC) had constructed new power stations and transmission lines to cope with the increasing demand for electricity supplied by the Luzon grid. There were also forecasts of future capacity shortages in substations, and consequently NPC was promoting action to deal with this capacity shortage in the country's substations. Construction of new substations and/or expansion of existing substations were to be implemented in accordance with the Power Development Plan (1993-2005). However, as a result of budget constraints, the project was not proceeding on schedule. According to NPC's projection, seven substations (Laoag, Dasmarinas, San Manuel, La Trinidad, Concepcion, Hermosa, San Jose) in particular would not be able to meet future increases in power demand by the year 1997. Consequently, this project was consistent with the development policy of the Philippines at that time. Currently, several independent power producers (IPPs* 3 ) participate in power station development. Moreover, the generation function of the NPC has already been spun off from the organization and will eventually be privatized. The transmission function will also be privatized either through outright sale or concession contract later on. Given these conditions, the role of the transmission system in providing such generation companies, IPPs, with equal accessibility, adequate operation and maintenance of power becomes increasingly important. In addition, in order to provide for the high power demands deriving from 2 One transformer unit with a capacity of 50 MVA was supposed to be relocated from Concepcion substation under the project. All other transformers were to be newly procured. 3 IPP: A private entity that owns facilities to generate electric power for sale to utilities and end users. -2- future economic development, power generation capacity must be developed continually and transmission lines and substation facilities must be expanded. At present, NPC plans to deploy transformer substations with about 95,000 MVA in capacity, in the Luzon grids during the period 2000-2010. Viewed in this light, it can be said that the project objective is still relevant today. 2.2 Efficiency 2.2.1 Project Scope The original project scope consisted of procurement and installation of power transformers, power circuit breakers and related accessories at the seven substations. In addition, one transformer was to be procured as a spare for the grid. The main segments of the facilities have in fact been procured for all substations except San Jose. The expansion project at the San Jose substation was excluded from the project scope and implemented under the financing of NPC. In the case of transformers -- a major portion of the project in terms of price and role -- the remaining six units were procured as planned. Of these, four were installed at the originally envisaged substations. The one transformer scheduled for installation at the La Trinidad substation was installed at the switchyard of the Calaca coal-fired power station because the actual load at the La Trinidad substation was lower than the appraisal estimate, while Calaca required an additional transformer immediately. The spare transformer was installed at the Cruz-Na-Daan substation, where a new transformer was urgently needed to cope with increasing load. Regarding other related equipment -- power circuit breakers and disconnecting switches -- the number of procured facilities and their location were modified depending on the actual load requirement and situation of each substation. However, these facilities were, more or less, procured and installed in accordance with the original plan. When taking into account the actual load of each substation (please refer to 2.3 effectiveness), it can be said that the change of the scope was appropriate and effective in achieving the original objectives. 2.2.2 Implementation Schedule Bid opening and evaluation for this project started in July 1996, 19 months behind the schedule set out at appraisal; it was completed in December 1999, 23 months behind schedule. This delay was brought about by the following factors: i) A fire on the 3rd floor of the NPC building, which caused extensive damage to the Electrical Design Department and the evaluation work; ii) Insufficient field data collection, which delayed the start of the detail design; iii) Additional time required for application for a letter of credit, contract preparation and signing, which pushed back the schedule by four months; and iv) Change from local competitive bidding for contracts to having independent installation by the NPC utility operation (While this change was made in order to compensate for delays in schedule that had already occurred, finalizing this amendment took more time than anticipated). Except for the fire in the NPC building, these impeding factors resulted from the insufficient management ability of NPC. Originally target substations were classified into two categories, namely cluster-A and cluster-B, depending on their urgency. 2.2.3 Project Cost The actual total project cost of 1,549 million yen equivalent was only 45% of the estimated cost of 3,430 million yen equivalent. The ODA loan portion actually disbursed was 1,219 million yen, which covered 79% of the total project cost and was 1,677 million yen lower than the approved amount of 2,896 million yen. This considerable cost under-run resulted partly from the cancellation of equipment and materials procurement for the San Jose substation. In addition, since international competitive bidding brought about severe competition, the contract amount was lower than the appraisal estimate. For example, the contract amount for transformers and power circuit breakers were, respectively, 40% and 42% lower than that of the appraisal estimate. In the case of the local currency portion, actual expenditure was only 18% of the appraisal estimate. Most of the installation works were done by the NPC utility operation instead of being administered and assigned via local competitive bidding. The funding for these costs was disbursed from the administrative expense -3- budget of NPC, so it is difficult to segregate them from other expenses. Accordingly, it should be noted that the actual expense was much higher than the figure given. 2.3 Effectiveness 2.3.1 Meeting Increased Energy Demands at Individual Substations The Substation Expansion Project (hereafter "the project") aimed to avert overloading of existing transformers in order to avoid system voltage collapse and to improve voltage regulation. As shown in Figure 1, a transformer is able to operate even if its load factor*4 is beyond 100%. However, transformer overload shortens the facility's durability, increases transformation loss, and causes a drop in voltage. If the overload conditions continue, brownout/ blackout of surrounding consumer coverage areas or breakdown of the transformer results. Thus, NPC postulates that the allowable load factor is 80%, when taking the stability of the grid condition and the forced outage of other transformers into consideration. Under the project, six transformers and related facilities were installed at six substations to cope with increasing load. As a whole, the procured transformers have achieved their physical objectives. However, since the project was delayed, some existing transformers experienced overloads. People in the surrounding coverage area experienced frequent blackouts/ brownouts during the evening peak. However, owing to the procured transformers, all six substations have been able to keep up with the increasing demand and the probability of overload has been successfully diminished. The detailed operational status and effectiveness of the seven targeted substations are described below. Figure-1: Allowable Load Factor of Transformer Source: NPC Document a) Concepcion Substation The Concepcion substation is situated in Central Luzon. It receives energy mainly from the San Manuel substation through a 220 kV transmission line. Using the new transformer, voltage is stepped down to 69 kV, then 13.8 kV for distribution in Tarlac Province. At the time of appraisal (December 1992), one 50 MVA transformer was operating. In 1994, an additional 50 MVA transformer was supposed to have been relocated from the Mexico substation by NPC. However, since this relocation project was not actualized, the load factor on the existing transformer exceeded its target of 80% from that year onward. In 1997, the existing transformer was overloaded, particularly during the evening peak. This resulted in frequent voltage collapse and blackouts in the surrounding area. Under the project, one 100 MVA transformer and related facilities were installed in the substation, and commissioned on 21st December 1998*5. As a result, overloading of the existing 50 MVA transformer was successfully averted, and electricity supply in the surrounding area stabilized. The substation supplies electricity mainly to residential consumers of the Tarlac Electricity Corporation (Tarelco)* 6 and industrial and commercial consumers of the Luisita Industrial Park Corporation (LIPCO)*7. 50 MVA Transformer 4 Load Factor: A ratio of actual load levied on a transformer to rated capacity of the transformer. 5 Subsequent to the installation of the new transformer, the existing 50 MVA transformer was relocated to the Tuguegarao substation, in order to cope with the increasing demand within its supply area. 6 Tarelco, a semi-governmental distribution corporation, is responsible for supplying electricity in Tarlac Province. As of July 2001, the corporation supplied 47,240 residential consumers, 2,398 commercial and 82 industrial entities, 319 public buildings and 73 street lighting facilities. 7 Luisita Industrial Park Corporation (LIPCO), the developer and manager of Luisita Industrial Park (LIP) I and II, is a consortium of leading Japanese and Philippine corporations. The 120-hectare LIP I is home to 13 manufacturing and distribution firms employing close to 5,000 workers. It also includes a special Export Processing Zone that offers fiscal and non-fiscal incentives to locators. This huge industrial park is already populated with businesses and factories engaged in light, non-polluting manufacturing services for domestic and foreign -4- With the development of the Luisita Industrial Park II, demand from the area is expected to increase rapidly, reaching 67 MVA by the end of 2002. To keep up with this incremental demand, an additional 100 MVA transformer was installed in the substation under another project in December 1999. The project's facility, together with this additional transformer, will contribute to meeting increasing demand in the future. Table-1: Peak Load on Each Transformer in the Concepcion Substation (Unit: MVA) 1994 Rated Capacity 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Transformer-A 50 45.2 45.7 47.2 56.9 - - - Transformer-B 100 - - - - 56.2 68.9 46.9 Transformer-C 100 - - - - - - 29.7 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC Bold figures indicate when the transformer exceeded the NPC's allowable load factor of 80%. b) Laoag Substation The Laoag substation, located in North Ilocos Province, receives electricity from the San Esteban substation through a 115 kV and 69 kV transmission line. According to the Power Development Plan 1993-2005, expansion of the Laoag substation should have been completed in 1994. Owing to budgetary constraints, however, it was recognized at appraisal that there was no likelihood of this happening. Thus, the project was implemented under the Japanese ODA loan and was planned for completion in 1996. However, since project implementation was delayed, the existing transformer began overloading during peak times in 1999. During peak time, 3- 4 MW of load shedding was implemented in Laoag City. The procured transformer, 50 MVA, 115 kV- 69/13.8 kV, was put into service in October 1999. After commissioning, the substation's entire load was switched to the new transformer, successfully alleviating overload. As a result, load shedding due to lack of transformer capacity has not been required since then. In addition, installation of compensating capacitors, an additional 115 kV transmission line and an on-load tap changer in the Bantay substation*8, a related facility, brought about an improvement of voltage regulation (supply capacity of the substation increased from 15 MW at appraisal to 45 MW in 2002) and subsequent reduction in transmission loss. According to the NPC's forecast, load on the Laoag substation will steadily increase with the development of the Laoag Economic Export Processing Zone (LEEPZ)* 9 , which is located near to Laoag City. The installed 50 MVA transformer will be able to meet demand up to 2010, and NPC will install an additional 50 MVA transformer in 2011. Transformer Control Panel Table-2: Peak Load on Each Transformer in the Laoag Substation (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Transformer-A 20.0 16.8 17.4 18.3 19.9 20.8 - - Transformer-B 50.0 - - - - - 21.4 22.0 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC Bold figures indicate when the transformer exceeded the NPC's allowable load factor of 80%. c) New San Manuel Substation The New San Manuel substation is situated in Pangasinan Province and plays an important role in the Luzon Grid. It receives electricity from the Labrador substation at 500 kV level, most of which it transmits to the San Jose Substation at the same voltage level. In addition, some of electricity is stepped down to a lower voltage level for distribution to surrounding area. Before the project, the existing San Manuel substation supplied electricity to Northern Cement Corporation through a 100 MVA transformer. The peak load on the existing transformer reached 85.1 MVA in 1998, which exceeded the NPC's allowable load factor of 80%. Under the project, a 50 MVA markets. Luisita Industrial Park II is currently being developed just a few kilometers east of LIP I. The 300-hectare light industrial estate is a joint venture between a Japanese business company, Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation, and Agila Holdings. 8 An additional 115 kV transmission line from Bantay – Currimao – Laoag and its related facilities was constructed/installed in August 1996 under financing from the World Bank. 9 Laoag Economic Export Processing Zone -5- transformer was installed in the New San Manuel substation, which is located just beside the existing San Manuel substation and which was commissioned in January 1999. Since, the load for the cement corporation has been handled exclusively by the new transformer, relieving the load on the existing transformer. In addition, with the installation of the new transformer, supply to the cement corporation has stabilized. Table-3: Peak Load on the Selected Transformers in New/Existing San Manuel (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity 1998 1999 2000 2001 Transformer-A (San Manuel) 100.0 85.1 66.0 53.8 57.2 Transformer-B (New San Manuel) 50.0 - 22.3 21.7 22.5 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC Bold figures indicates that the transformer exceeded the NPC's allowable load factor of 80% d) Dasmarinas Substation The Dasmarinas Substation, situated about 35 km south of Metro Manila, supplies electricity to Meralco's*10 34.5 kV substation directly and through three 115 kV substations. Meralco then distributes electricity to its consumers in Cavite Province. Dasmarinas also supplies electricity to the Cavite Export Processing Zone*11 through the 115 kV NPC Rosario Substation. At the time of appraisal, the Dasmarinas substation had two deteriorated 50 MVA transformers. Prior to the project, plans had been made to install two 100 MVA transformers in the substation at the end of 1995, with financial support from the World Bank. The project was to implement the installation of one 300 MVA transformer in 1996. However, both projects were delayed. Meanwhile, in order to prevent overloading in the Dasmarinas Substation, part of load was suppressed or switched to the Binan substation, 14 km away. But even so the transformers could not meet demand. As a result, there were frequent brownouts, blackouts and load shedding in the surrounding in 1996 and 1997. After the installation of the two transformers under the World Bank project in July 1997, the existing 50 MVA transformers were removed and the load that had been rerouted to the Binan substation was switched back to the Dasmarinas substation. Thus, the brownouts/ blackouts were successfully halted. In addition, installation of an additional 300 MVA transformer under the project has successfully met the rapid increasing demand from the Cavite Export Processing Zone. Figure-5: 300 MVA Transformer Table-4: Peak Load on Each Transformer in the Dasmarinas Substation (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Transformer-A 50 35.6 33.9 24.2 - - - - - Transformer-B 50 17.2 14.4 21.1 - - - - - Transformer-C 100 - - - 52.2 58.9 60.0 - - Transformer-D 300 - - - 201.1 224.4 236.7 171.1 180.0 Transformer-E 300 - - - - - - 197.8 210.6 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC e) Hermosa Substation Under the project, two sets of power circuit breakers and five sets of disconnecting switches were installed in the end of 1998. At the same time, the existing 100 MVA transformer was relocated from the Mexico Substation and installed. Before the installation of the 100 MVA transformer, the existing 50 MVA transformer was regularly overloaded, resulting in voltage drops during evening peak time. Accordingly, the surrounding area experienced frequent brownouts and blackouts during the peak hours. The newly installed transformer has 10 Meralco: Manila Electric Company 11 CEPZ, a government–run export-processing zone, is a specially designated industrial center with tax incentives whose objective is the development and support of export-oriented businesses. It is located in approximately 30 kilometers south of Manila and is one of the largest export processing zones in the country. -6- successfully settled this problem*12. Moreover, installation of power circuit breakers and disconnecting switches enabled flexible system operation, e.g. the ability to switch load to another transformer and/or other substations during power outages or regular maintenance. Thus it has become possible to avoid blackouts in the event of a problem with a transformer. Table-5: Peak Load on Each Transformer in the Hermosa Substation (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Transformer-A 50 32.6 43.7 42.3 46.0 55.6 24.7 30.2 Transformer-B 100 - - - - - 24.4 22.1 Note: Bold frame indicates the transformer, which was installed under the project Source: NPC Bold figures indicate qhwn the transformer exceeded the NPC's allowable load factor of 80%. f) Cruz-Na-Daan Substation Cruz-Na-Daan substation is located in Central Luzon and receives electricity from the Mexico substation through a 230 kV transmission line, which is then stepped down to 69/13.8 kV for distribution. Originally, this substation was not included in the project. However, the development of mass housing facilities emerged in the surrounding area. In order to meet demand, one spare transformer (100 MVA, 230 kV-69/13.8 kV) was installed in the substation and was commissioned in April 1999. Since then, the substation has supplied electricity to existing 69 kV substations, which are situated near the substation but receive electricity from the San Jose or Mexico substations. This arrangement has decreased the distance required for electricity transmission, thus reducing transmission loss. Moreover, electricity supply to these 69 kV substations became more stable. Table-6: Peak Load on the Cruz-Na-Daan Substation (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity 1997 1998 1999 2000 Transformer-A 10 5.8 7.9 4.4 4.8 Transformer-B 100 - - 44.4 50.0 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC g) Calaca Substation Since the expected demand at the La Trinidad substation did not materialize, the planned transformer (100 MVA, 230 kV-69 kV) intended for the La Trinidad was installed at the switchyard of the Calaca coal-fired power station instead. Electricity demand of two big steel companies, namely Phil-Steel and Bacnotan Steel, required immediate expansion of the switchyard of the power station. In order to meet this demand, one transformer (100 MVA, 230 kV-69/13.8 kV) was installed in the switchyard, and commissioned in September 1999. Since then, the transformer has supplied electricity only for the two steel companies. Table-7: Peak Load on Each Transformer in the Calaca Substation (Unit: MVA) Rated Capacity 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Transformer-A 50 20.0 25.7 26.8 27.7 30.9 34.1 Transformer-B 100 - - - - 2.0 55.0 Note: Bold frame indicates the project facility Source: NPC 12 The 100 MVA transformer exploded and caught fire on 25th February 2000. The transformer was completely damaged and because of the extreme heat, associated lightning arresters, the overhead conductor, and the shunt reactor were also severely damaged. A new transformer was later installed to replace the one that had been damaged. -7- 2.4 Impact 2.4.1 Positive Impacts on the Population in the Luzon Gird a) Reduction of Brownouts/Blackouts at Respective Supply Areas As mentioned already, before the project, existing transformers were overloaded, which resulted in voltage drops, especially during the evening peak, in most of the targeted substations. As a result, the electricity supply to the surrounding area was not stable. The newly installed transformers have successfully solved this problem. Moreover, the installation of power circuit breakers and disconnecting switches has enabled flexible system operation, making it possible to avoid blackouts and brownouts when problems with the transformers occur. b) Contribution to Promoting Industrialization of Surrounding Area In order to provide jobs, especially in rural areas, and improve the level and quality of local living conditions, the Government of the Philippines has created "Special Economic Zones" in suitable and strategic locations throughout the country. These Special Economic Zones are selected areas that are or have the potential to become agro-industrial, industrial, tourist/recreational, commercial, banking, investment or financial centers. They may contain any or all of the following: industrial estates, export processing zones, free trade zones and tourist/recreational centers. The substations that were expanded under the project supply electricity to several Special Economic Zones, including the Laoag Economic Export Processing Zone, Cavite Export Processing Zone and Luisita Industrial Estate. In addition, these substations supply electricity directly to large-scale industrial consumers and to medium/ small-scale industry through distribution companies. Generally speaking, stable electricity supply is one of the essential factors for attracting industry to an area. Viewed in this light, the project has contributed to promoting industrialization of the surrounding area by improving electricity supply and meeting increasing demand from industrial consumers. 2.4.2 Contribution to Reduction of Transmission Loss Transformer overload results in a drop of the voltage on the transmission line and, subsequently, transmission loss. Transformation loss is minimized when the load factor is between 60% and80%. As shown in the previous section, overloading of some existing transformers has been alleviated by the project. Thus, it can be said that the project has contributed to expanding capacity and to the reduction of transmission losses at respective substations. Table 8 shows energy production and transmission loss figures for the Luzon grid. Since the total capacity of the project facilities (700 MVA) accounted for only 3.73% of the grid total (18,784 MVA in end of 2001), the project's effects on limiting transmission loss cannot be observed. In fact, on the whole, the Luzon Grid's transmission losses have increased progressively since 1996*13 as a result of transmission line expansion and the deterioration of existing facilities. Table-8: Energy Production and Transmission Loss of the Luzon Grid 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Net Electric Energy 18,712 19,280 19,201 22,606 24,332 25,583 27,926 29,284 29,564 29,323 15,755 Production (GWh) Sales Volume of 18,123 18,728 18,673 22,057 23,498 25,072 27,325 28,455 28,657 28,310 15,173 Electricity (GWh) Transmission Loss 589 552 528 549 834 511 601 791 887 968 582 (GWh) Transmission Loss in 3.15% 2.86% 2.75% 2.43% 3.43% 2.00% 2.15% 2.70% 3.00% 3.30% 3.55% Percentage (%) Source: NPC 2.4.3 Impact on Local Socio-economic Conditions In the case of the Laoag substation, fresh land was required for expansion. Acquisition of farmland was 13 Along with the deterioration of old power stations such as the Manila Thermal Power Station (200 MW) and Sucat Coal Fired Power Station (850 MW), which is located in the vicinity of Metro Manila, energy production from these power stations was reduced. They were decommissioned in 1998 and 2001, respectively. Instead of these power stations, electricity is transmitted far away from the Metro Manila, such as Batangas, Pangasinan Province. This change in energy sources considered to be resulted in increasing in transmission loss. -8- executed by NPC. A landowner received monetary compensation, according to government regulation, from NPC. No conflicts were reported. Project facilities were installed on the existing substation sites in all other cases. 2.4.4 Environmental Impacts Since the project just required the acquisition of farmland for the Laoag substation, there was no deforestation. And during the implementation stage, there was no conterminous work. In addition, transformers and related facilities do not generally emit contaminants; there have been no reports of negative environmental impacts so far. 2.5 Sustainability 2.5.1 Profile and Financial Viability of the O&M Agency a) Profile of the O&M Agency Operation and maintenance of the project facilities are executed by the government-owned National Power Corporation (NPC). The NPC's total generating capacity at the end of 2000 was 7,055.46 MWh*14, which accounted for 62.1% of generating capacity within the country. NPC generates electricity from its own power plants and purchases additional electricity from IPPs. NPC transmits this electricity, which it then sells at wholesale prices to distribution companies: 119 rural electric cooperatives, 17 investor-owned utilities (including Meralco), 9 municipal/ provincial distribution systems and selected industrial bulk consumers. b) Financial Viability of the NPC Table 9 shows NPC's profits and losses for the most recent five-year period. While operating revenues increased favorably, NPC was not able to fully pass on its added costs to power users; consequently, it has not offset operating expenses, which increased rapidly over that period. NPC's financial position has been in the red since 1998. NPC's financial hardship resulted mainly from the Asian Currency Crisis. As shown in Figure 2, the crisis caused rapid depreciation of the peso vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar. This caused an increase in interest payments on foreign loans*15, in the procurement cost of materials/ facilities from overseas, and in the cost of procuring electricity from the IPPs*16. In order to comply with World Bank recommendations, NPC aims to achieve more than 8.0% on a Rate of Return Base*17. However, based on these conditions, the company's Rate of Return Base has steadily decreased, hovering below the minimum target level of 8.0% since 1997. Along with a deterioration in profitability, the financial stability of NPC has worsened (see the Table 10), which resulted in a lack of funding for long-term investment requirements. NPC's financial deterioration is thought to have had an adverse impact on budget allocations for operation and maintenance. Figure-2: Change in Exchange Rate 14 Comprising NPC owned/operated power plants of 5,156.0 MW, and NPC owned and IPPs operated power plants of 1899.5 MW 15 As of December 31st 2000, foreign loan accounted for 72.7% of NPC's long-term debts. 16 In most cases the Power Purchase Agreements between NPC and the IPPs are based on U.S. dollar. 17 The ratio of allowed operating income to a specified rate base, expressed as a percentage. (Specified rate base represents the utility's appraised asset value - or investment in facilities, equipment and other property used in the provision of electric service - and one-sixth of the utility's annual operation and maintenance cost) -9- Table-9: Summary of NPC's Profit & Loss in Past Five Years (Unit: million peso) 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Operating Revenue 63,635 77,144 86,611 89,686 100,119 Operating Expense 50,318 65,519 79,697 81,197 94,682 Operating Income 13,317 11,625 6,915 8,489 5,438 Other Income 9,268 2,968 11,095 9,427 16,488 Interest and Other Charges 17,044 11,537 21,627 23,869 34,890 Net Income/(Loss) 5,541 3,056 (3,617) (5,953) (12,964) Source: NPC Table-10: Indicators of Measures of Financial Stability and Profitability in Past Five Years 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Return on Rate Base 8.24% 7.25% 3.22% 3.37% 2.22% Current Ratio*18 0.58 0.52 0.52 0.38 0.42 Debt Equity Ratio*19 3.55 4.56 4.00 5.67 8.09 Account Receivables Turnover Period N.A 1.38 month 1.47 month 1.70 month 2.03 month Source: NPC 2.5.2 Restructuring of the NPC and Financial Viability of Newly Established O&M Agency In order to ameliorate the financial condition of NPC and the Philippine power sector, the Philippine energy sector, as that of other countries, is in the process of privatization. It is hoped that the introduction of competitive markets in electricity will improve governance, shift market risks -- such as changes in exchange rate and fuel price -- to the private sector and exert downward pressures on the electricity tariff. In line with this policy, most of the NPC's power stations were grouped into 6 categories by location and generation type; these groups are supposed to be spun off and subsequently corporatized. The government intends to sell these generation companies, the so-called Genco, to private investors. NPC's transmission-related sections are scheduled to be spun off by December 2002 into a government-owned and controlled corporation named the National Transmission Corporation (Transco). Subsequent to corporatization, all transmission substations and related facilities of NPC, including the project facilities, will be transferred to Transco. Part of the sub-transmission*20 related facilities will be sold to qualified distribution companies by June 2004. Transco is said, though it may not be a final decision by the Philippine government, to be authorized to award, in open competitive bidding, a concession contract to a qualified party for the operation, maintenance, improvement, and expansion of its transmission/substation assets and the operation of any related business for a maximum period of 25 years under an O&M concessionaire contract. However, it is a possibility that the transmission facilities will be privatized through outright sale. The sources Transco's income will be transmission fees and concessionaire fees. After the Energy Regulatory Commission*21 holds a public hearing, it will set and then approve electric transmission fees based on the Return on Rate Base. When the current rates were approved June 6, 2002, the Return on Rate Base was 12.31 percent. Moreover, in order to enable Transco to start its operation in sound financial condition, most of NPC's liabilities have already been transferred to a newly established government- owned and controlled corporation known as the Power Sector Assets and Liabilities Management Corporation (PSALM) *22. 18 Current assets divided by current liabilities. A financial ratio which shows how easily the company could pay its bills if all its creditors demanded payment at once. In theory this figure should be at least 1.0, and a figure lower than 1 means that the company does not have the liquidity to pay all its creditors straight away. 19 Net borrowings of a company divided by shareholders' funds. This ratio shows the amount of financing that is provided by sources other than the shareholders. The higher the percentage, the more risky for lenders to the company. Most lenders like the percentage to be below 0.5. If it is above 1.0, the company is said to be highly geared. 20 In the case of Luzon Grid, a sub-transmission line is defined as below the 132 kV transmission line. 21 ERC (Energy Regulatory Commission): Newly established independent, regulatory body. The commission will promote competition, encourage market development, ensure customer choice and penalize abuse of market power in the restructured electricity industry. For this purpose, the existing Energy Regulatory Board (ERB) is to be abolished. 22 A corporation will take ownership of all existing NPC generation assets, liabilities, IPP contracts, real estate and all other disposable assets and other liabilities as validated by NPC. All outstanding obligations of the NPC arising from loans, issuances of bonds, securities and other instruments of indebtedness shall be assumed by the PSALM. - 10 - 2.5.3 Capability for Operation and Maintenance of the Project Facilities In each substation, operation was executed by four groups in three shifts, in accordance with operation manuals prepared by the respective suppliers and standardized procedures* 23 prepared by NPC. An operations group for a substation used to consist of one engineer and one operator. However, along with the NPC's special disengagement plan*24, some of these positions have been filled by contract workers. Since most contract laborers are well-experienced, and trained through on-the-job training, there have been no reports of problems concerning their capabilities. Maintenance of the project facilities is executed by the South and North Luzon power transmission groups. Each group consists of a number of district offices and a power system maintenance department (PSMD). District offices are responsible for preventive maintenance for main substation facilities; technical services departments in each substation are in charge of patrol checks and routine maintenance. If a serious problem arises, PSMD will dispatch a skilled engineer to the site. Maintenance of substations has been carried out systematically and on schedule as per maintenance manuals supplied by the respective contractors, and there have been no particular difficulties in the maintenance activities. In addition, it is expected that the O&M concessionaire of transmission/ substation facilities to the foreign entities will enhance efficiency of the operation and maintenance activities. 2.5.4 Future Prospects of Substation Expansion Project To support the build-up of programmed generation capacity, substation expansion projects and transmission reinforcement projects were planned in the Power Development Program 2000 of NPC. After restructuring under the Electric Power Industry Reform Act, Transco will be mandated to prepare an annual Transmission Development Plan (TDP) in consultation with industry participants. The Department of Energy (DOE) will incorporate the TDP in the Power Development Program and the Philippine Energy Plan. The transmission system will remain as a regulated common carrier business providing open and non-discriminatory access to any generator, distributor, supplier or end-user. It would also act as the system operator and would be responsible for central dispatch in accordance with the rules of the Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM). As system operator, Transco would have the obligation to provide ancillary services using its own facilities or by procuring services from others, based on the rules adopted by the WESM. Equal access to the transmission facilities for the generation companies is considered one of the keys to the success for liberalization of the electricity market. Given these conditions, further expansion of transmission and substation facilities will be required on an ongoing basis. Table-12: Transmission and Substation Expansion Plan (2000-2010) Transmission Line (Circuit-km) Substation Cost 69kV and Total Capacity (Mil. Peso) below 115kV 230kV 500kV Length (MVA) Ongoing Projects 237 0 704 116 1,057 5,300 12,300 Projects for Implementation 46 0 471 0 516 0 2,814 Indicative Projects 20 160 2,100 20 2,300 4,200 20,257 Total 303 160 3,276 136 3,874 9,500 35,371 Source: NPC Power Development Program 2000 23 Lines and Substation Energizing/Shutdown Procedure 24 Along with the special disengagement plan, the number of the NPC's employee has decreased: the company's workforce in end of 2000 (8,850) was 55.1%, when compared with its peak workforce of 16,056 in end of 1990. - 11 - Comparison of Original and Actual Scope Items/Activities Original Actual (1) Project Scope A. Laoag Substation - Transformer - 50 MVA, 115 kV- 69/ 13.8 kV: 1 set As planned - Power Circuit Breaker - 115 kV: 1 set, 69 kV: 3 sets 115 kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 2 sets - Disconnecting Switch - 115 kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 6 sets 115 kV: 4 sets, 69 kV: 5 sets - Shunt Capacitor - 7.5 MVAR, 69 kV: 1 set As planned B. Dasmarinas Substation - Transformer - 300 MVA, 230kV- 115 kV: 1 set As Planned - Power Circuit Breaker - 230 kV: 2 set, 115 kV: 2 sets As Planned (Not yet installed) - Disconnecting Switch - 230 kV: 5 set, 115 kV: 5 sets 230 kV: 4 sets, 115 kV: 4 sets (Not yet installed) C. San Manuel Substation - Transformer - 50 MVA, 230kV- 69/13.8 kV: 1 set As Planned - Power Circuit Breaker - 230 kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 3 sets As Planned - Disconnecting Switch - 230 kV: 4 sets, 69 kV: 6 sets 230 kV: 5 sets, 69 kV: 7 sets D. La Trinidad Substation - Transformer - 100 MVA, 230 kV- 69 kV: 1 set As Planned (Installed at Calaca Power Plant's Switchyard) - Power Circuit Breaker - 230 kV: 2 sets, 69kV: 3 sets As Planned (Installed at Santiago S/S and Beckel S/S) - Disconnecting Switch - 230 kV: 4 sets, 69kV: 6 sets Canceled E. Concepcion Substation - Transformer - 100 MVA, 230 kV- 69 kV: 1 set As Planned - Power Circuit Breaker - 230 kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 3 sets 230 kV: 1 set, 69 kV: 3 sets - Disconnecting Switch - 230 kV: 4 sets, 69 kV: 6 sets 230 kV: 3 sets, 69 kV: 7 sets F. Hermosa Substation - Transformer - Relocation of existing one transformer (50 Relocation of existing one transformer MVA) from the Conception substation (100 MVA) from the Mexico substation - Power Circuit Breaker - 230 kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 3 sets 230kV: 2 sets, 69 kV: 2 sets - Disconnecting Switch - 230 kV: 4 sets, 69 kV: 6 sets 230kV: 4 sets, 69 kV: 5 sets G. San Jose Substation - Transformer - 50MVA, 115kV- 34.5kV: 1 set Canceled - Power Circuit Breaker - 115 kV: 2 sets, 34.5 kV: 2 sets - Disconnecting Switch - 115 kV: 4 sets, 34.5 kV: 4 sets H. Reserve Transformer for Luzon Grid - 100MVA, 230 kV-69/ 13.8kV: 1 set As Planned (Installed at Cruz-Na-Daan S/S) (2) Implementation Schedule Cluster A substation**25 •E Supply and Delivery Jan. 1994 – Feb. 1996 Jul. 1996 – July 1998 •E Erection and Installation Feb. 1995 – Nov. 1996 Aug. 1998 – Mar. 2000 Cluster B substation**26 •E Supply and Delivery Jan. 1995 – Jul. 1996 Jul. 1996 – July 1998 •E Erection and Installation Aug. 1995 – Jan. 1997 Jun. 1998 - Dec. 1999 (3) Project Cost Foreign Currency 2,896 million yen 1,466 million yen Local Currency 534 million yen 83 million yen (142 million peso) (26 million peso) Total 3,430 million yen 1,549 million yen ODA Loan Portion 2,896 million yen 1,219 million yen Exchange Rate 1.0 Peso = 3.76 yen 1.0 Peso = 3.19 yen (As of January 1994) (As of May 1999) 25 Cluster A substation (Laoag, Dasmarinas and San Manuel) was necessary to expand by 1996 at the time of appraisal. 26 Cluster B substation (La Trinidad, Conception, Hermosa and San Jose) was necessary to expand by 1997 at the time of appraisal. - 12 - Independent Evaluator's Opinion on Substation Expansion Project Epictetus E. Patalinghug Professor of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines 1. The project is relevant to the infrastructure development policy of the Philippines. Increasing power generation capacity was relevant at the time the project was conceived and implemented. Expanding transmission lines and substation facilities are even more relevant today when NPC's transmission functions are spun-off into a government corporation called the National Transmission Corporaton. Both the Philippine National Development Plan and the Philippine Energy Plan have stressed the importance of constructing/rehabilitating power plants and transmission lines to enhance greater accessibility and reliability of power supply. 2. The positive impacts of the project are: (1) reduction of brownouts/blackouts at project surrounding areas, (2) contribution to the promotion of productive economic activities in the surrounding areas because of stable electricity supply, and (3) reduction of transmission loss by avoiding transformer overload. Negative environmental impacts are negligible. 3. The project was inefficiently implemented by NPC. NPC's project management capacity is weak and needs to be improved. 4. Overall, the project was effective in its ability to meet the increasing demand and to reduce the probability of overload at individual substations. 5. The sustainability of the project will depend on whether the National Transmission Company (or Transco) or its concessionaire will behave more efficiently and not just duplicate NPC's past rent-seeking corporate behavior. For instance, NPC-SPUG (small power utilities group) is now in charge of missionary electrification. But if it commits the same mistake as their mother NPC by pursuing the missionary electrification goal in a highly-leveraged function, then it will end up in the same worsening financial stability as the existing (and soon to be privatized) NPC. - 13 -
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Ultra music festival 2015


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Fort Collins Scrambles to Meet GHG Goals
In Colorado, the Fort Collins City Council gave unanimous support this week to a plan that would help the city meet a goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, The Coloradoan reports. The city, one of the few communities to track greenhouse gas emissions, is on the verge of badly missing a 1999 goal to cut projected 2010 emissions by 30 percent.
Under the plan, the city would:
- Create a task force of residents and city staff to develop a plan to meet the city's greenhouse gas goals;
- Encourage public and private entities in the city to cut emissions;
- Discuss becoming "climate neutral," or producing no more greenhouse gas emissions than it saves.
In 1999, the council adopted a plan to reduce 2010 carbon dioxide emissions to 2.46 million tons per year – a level the city surpassed in 2004. Recent forecasts put the city on track to emit between 3.2 million and 3.5 million tons of carbon dioxide by that year.
Stay Up-to-Date On Environmental Management, Energy & Sustainability News with EL's Free Daily Newsletter
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The 7th Annual Dragon Boat Festival will begin at the TVA Park at Chickamauga Dam on Saturday, May 4. The purpose of this Chattanooga boating battle is to benefit Children's Hospital at Erlanger.
Individuals interested in learning more about the event are encouraged to attend a kick-off luncheon on Tuesday, March 19, at 11:30 a.m. at the Erlanger Baroness Campus POB Dining Room. Race veterans and last year's rookies will discuss their experiences and share tips on fundraising, team building and making race day a success.
Dating back more than 2,300 years, Dragon Boat racing features teams of 20 paddlers, a drummer and a steerer in 41-foot long Chinese dragon boats, racing through the water to the finish line. Paddlers of all ages, skill and fitness levels can participate, making it a team building sport.
This year's presenting sponsor is Patten and Patten, Inc.
"We are extremely grateful and excited to have Patten and Patten, Inc as presenting sponsor, and we appreciate not only their financial support but their enthusiastic participation in the race," said Yogi Anderson, director of Children's Hospital Foundation. "We cannot wait for this year's event, and I encourage everyone to be a part of this fun filled day to support Children's Hospital."
It is not too late to register for the event. Early bird registration will save teams $250 if they register before April 1. Boating registration is currently $700 for a company team or $650 for a community team. The last day to register is April 22.
"We ask participants to raise $3,600 per team or $172 per person in pledges," said Ali Cobb, Children's Hospital Foundation Annual Giving Coordinator. "That equals approximately 10 cents for every child who is treated annually at Children's Hospital. Proceeds go directly to the region's only Children's Hospital to help provide the necessary services for sick or injured children in our area."
Teams are encouraged to decorate their tents, wear their dragon apparel and cheer throughout the races. Top prizes will be awarded to the fastest teams and those raising the most money, but the real winners are the children treated at the hospital. Last year, paddlers from 53 teams raised more than $150,000 for Children's Hospital.
The hospital's 2013 Miracle Children, Garrett Saylors and Wynn Eady, and their families will also be on hand at the March 19 kick-off event to share their stories about how the region's only pediatric hospital made a difference in their lives.
August 3, 2015
Contractor Thomas Brothers will be replacing a sewer line across the West 12th Street on-ramp to US Highway 27, beginning at 8:30 a.m. on Tuesday. The project is estimated to be completed ... (click for more)
Wilson Road in Whitfield County will be closed to replace a cross drain on Monday, starting at 8 a.m. and continuing through Tuesday, at 4 p.m. or until work is completed. ... (click for more)
Members of the 3397th Friends of the Garrison (FOG) are invited to the Desert Shield/Desert Storm 25th Reunion to be held at the Chattanooga/Hamilton County Trade Center, next to the ... (click for more)
Contractor Thomas Brothers will be replacing a sewer line across the West 12th Street on-ramp to US Highway 27, beginning at 8:30 a.m. on Tuesday. The project is estimated to be completed by 4 p.m. on Friday. The ramp will be closed for the duration of the project, and detours will be posted. Contractor Tennessee American Water Company will be repairing a water ... (click for more)
Wilson Road in Whitfield County will be closed to replace a cross drain on Monday, starting at 8 a.m. and continuing through Tuesday, at 4 p.m. or until work is completed. The road will be closed between Cohutta Beaverdale Road and McGaughey Chapel Road. Traffic on Wilson Road will detour onto Cohutta Beaverdale Road to Cleveland Highway, while traffic south ... (click for more)
The city, state and CBL & Associates are cooperating on a $40 million plan to make the Hamilton Place section more accessible to Interstate 75. The upcoming project will provide a direct connection for southbound I-75 traffic with Hamilton Place Boulevard. The project will also provide a new connection for those on Hamilton Place Boulevard to enter I-75 northbound. ... (click for more)
A preliminary report from the National Transportation Safety Board on a June 25 wreck at the Ooltewah exit that killed six people says the driver of the truck that caused the multiple-vehicle wreck "had exceeded the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation hours-of-service when the crash occurred." It says Benjamin Brewer began his return trip to London, Ky., from Florida at 4:30 ... (click for more)
The city of Chattanooga and CBL, owner of Hamilton Place Mall, would have the mass of taxpayers believe that improving mall access from the interstate is not impacting us financially. Namely, CBL has committed to fund the city's match of $8 million, so they will receive $32 million in Federal Transportation Funds that are allocated annually to local jurisdictions through ... (click for more)
In late September, a very special funeral will be held in Bearden, Tenn., when 1 st Lt. Alexander "Sandy" Bonnyman Jr., will finally come home to lie in peace with his family. Sandy's been dead for 72 years now, ever since he was killed in combat on the Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands on Nov. 22, 1943. He and a number of other Marine heroes were buried back then in a shallow ... (click for more)


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LATHROP – The Lathrop City Council at a public hearing tonight will continue to hear from residents if they have any transportation needs that need to be met.
Jerry McNerney , D-Pleasanton, was inspired to run for the U.S. House of Representatives by his son.
RIPON – The Christmas season is officially underway in "The Almond Capital of the World."
LATHROP – The ball is in the Pacific Gas & Electric Company's court as far as the project to widen Louise Avenue from Fifth Street to the railroad tracks west of the Manteca Unified School District offices where Lathrop's city limits end is concerned.
Manteca's annual Christmas tree lighting ceremony takes place at 6:30 p.m. on Thursday in front of the Manteca Civic Center, 1001 W. Center St.
Ripon's Christmas tree lighting is tonight at 7 p.m. at the Mistlin Fountain at Oak Street and East Main Street. There will be free homemade cookies and hot chocolate provided by the Barnwood Restaurant and catering. The event will include Christmas music.
If you had the opportunity to make a difference, would you? If you could make someone's day by simply sharing a smile or writing a thank you, would you take the time to stop and do it?
Victorious Elite Allstars (VEA) Cheerleaders continue to impress judges and crowds alike with their high-energy performances and synchronized routines.
LODI - Joni Morris is well-known for her own special tribute to the queen of country music, Patsy Cline, and has been playing to sold out crowds across the country with her tribute shows.
It is without a doubt the biggest two-year period of home ownership turnover in Manteca's history.
It's the $75 ticket that can actually save a troubled teen's life.
Manteca is teaming up with other California cities as well as counties in a bid to have voters approve a ballot measure in the November 2010 election to effectively stop Sacramento from raiding funding sources for local government to balance the state budget.
Last year, the Manteca Unified transportation department initiated "Stuff the Bus For Kid's Sake" for the holidays.
It was an all volunteer effort for PG&E linemen who installed some 1200 lights on the Hospice of San Joaquin Christmas tree.
Page 650 of 783
By DENNIS WYATT
By GLENN KAHL
State Senator Cathleen Galgiani was joined Monday in Sacramento by the Ranzo family, Stanislaus County Sheriff Adam Christianson and Stanislaus County District Attorney Birgit Fladager ...
Try living in Manteca on $15,500 a year while renting an apartment of your own.
That wheelchair gathering dust in your garage or that you are thinking of junking can turn around lives.
Ripon Chamber of Commerce President Tamra Spade couldn't have been happier with the "sold out" crowd Saturday night at their first Lobster Fest fundraiser ...
The Measure G tax bond payment you will start paying after November will cost you $144 in the first year if your home is currently ...
Milo Candini may not be enshrined in Cooperstown but he is arguably the greatest Major League Baseball player ever to hail from Manteca.
Bulletin staff report
STOCKTON - University of the Pacific on July 31 will join more than 30 other colleges and universities throughout California as hosts of a statewide summit ...
Since its enactment in 1990, the Americans with Disabilities Act has been the legal foundation for a vast array of lawsuits filed on behalf of ...
The three "C"s will set the tone for five Manteca Unified elementary campuses this coming school year - classes, construction, and computers.
Editor's note: First in a series on how folks get their hair cut and styled
It was a watershed moment in Manteca's ADA-compatibility fight.
NEW YORK (AP) - Five days before he was to start college, Fred Maahs' world turned upside down. Off the Delaware coast in 1980, on the ...
Page 2 of 21
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Carson City News
Local news for Carson City, NV continually updated from thousands of sources on the web.
With 50 accidents, Carson City Sheriff's Department cracks down on speeding
3 hrs ago | Nevada Appeal | Comment?
Nevada Fair to kick off Thursday at Fuji Park
4 hrs ago | KRNV-TV Reno | Comment?
Carson City Deputies Seek Robbery Suspect
8 hrs ago | KTVN Reno | Comment?
Nevada News Minute
16 hrs ago | KTVN Reno | Comment?
Assemblyman Carrillo convicted of DUI
20 hrs ago | Nevada Appeal | Comment?
Western Nevada College offering new driver education classes
39 Celebrities You'll Be Shocked To Learn Are Atheists
What role do you think humans play in global warming?
Environment 6,454
American Terrorism: Plain and Simple
terrorism 541
63-year-old inmate dies at the Northern Nevada Correctional Center
Carson City Sheriff's Office: Man arrested after going wrong way down Highway 50
Nevada Assemblyman Richard Carrillo found guilty of DUI
Monday | KRNV-TV Reno | Comment?
Smoke & Haze Reaches Valley from Fires Burning in California
Monday | KTVN Reno | Comment?
Fair features bulls, broncs and trucks
Monday | The Record-Courier | Comment?
Sierra Nevada wildflowers at Carson Pass
Monday | Examiner.com | Comment?
Autism breakthrough: Carson City man develops live animation program to help children with autism
Sunday Jul 26 | Nevada Appeal | Comment?
Cinderlite use permit review set at Carson City Planning Commission
Sunday Jul 26 | Nevada Appeal | Comment?
Updated: Wed Jul 29, 2015 01:59 am
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