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History 383 - Dr. Gayle Olson-Raymer
Discussion Guides - Labor, Reform, Industry, and Politics
Today we enter our third unit of study - "Bringing California Into the 20th Century." To do this, we begin with an understanding of three national movements that all spilled over into California and in so doing,each dramatically influenced the political, economic and social development of the State. Each of these movements is related to our topic for today - "Labor, Reform, Industry, and Politics."
But before we move ahead, it is important that we understand the terms used in our reading and in the discussion that will follow.
Economic terms for the discussion can be seen at http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist383/Definitions.html
Discussion Goals - Labor, Reform, Industry, and Politics
Goal #1: To understand the three national movements that spilled over into California at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th Century: the battle between labor and capital; the anti-immigrant campaign, and progressive reform
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th Century, three major national movements spilled over into California and in so doing, dramatically influenced its political, economic, and social development:
NATIONAL MOVEMENT #1: The battle between labor and capital
During the 1850s, craft workers in Northern California combined to protect themselves and keep their wages high enough to meet living costs. Among those were typesetters, brewers, building tradesmen, musicians. However, because of the high turnover among workers, it was difficult to organize permanent unions. It took another decade for Northern California craftsmen to began organizing again - and this time it was for the eight-hour day.
Meanwhile, anti-Chinese attitudes and actions grew throughout the state. Chinese immigrants who lost their jobs after the railroad was completed and who continued immigrating in large numbers worked for low wages and long hours. Thus, white workers began blaming the Chinese for unemployment and poor working conditions. Emotions were so inflamed in 1871 that a Los Angeles mob of over 500 white men swarmed through the city's Chinatown and robbed or ransacked almost every Chinese resident. At least 18 Chinese deaths were confirmed. (To read a new book on this topic, see Scott Zesch , The Chinatown War: Chinese Los Angeles and the Massacre of 1871.)
Out of this racial and labor turmoil arose the first large organized union in California - the Workingmen's Party.
"The Central Pacific Railroad men are thieves, and will soon feel the power of the workingmen. When I have thoroughly organized my party, we will march through the city and compel the thieves to give up their plunder. I will lead you to the City Hall, clean out the police force, hang the Prosecuting Attorney, burn every book that has a particle of law in it, and then enact new laws for the workingmen. I will give the Central Pacific just three months to discharge their Chinamen, and if that is not done, Stanford and his crowd will have to take the consequences." (San Francisco Evening Bulletin, November 5, 1877)
Reading Review/Cold Call: James J. Rawls and Walton Bean, "Labor and Capital" in California: An interpretive History
NATIONAL MOVEMENT #2: The Campaign for Anti-Immigrant Policies
Through our previous discussion about the mining and railroad industries, as well as about the Workingmen's Party, we have already learned a great deal about anti-Chinese prejudice in California. Today, we are going to take another look at both national and California anti-immigrant policies over the past 200 years.
Selected Actions Relating to Immigration Restriction and Reform at the National Level and in California - 1790-2008
1790 Naturalization Act was the first federal law governing the process to become a naturalized citizen. Citizenship was limited to "aliens" who were "free white persons."
1798 Alien and Sedition Acts gave the president unlimited power to order out of the country any alien "whom he shall judge dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States" and in case of war, allowed male enemy aliens 14 years and older to be apprehended and confined.
1850s Anti-Catholicism was at its peak in America. A dozen churches were burned during the middle 1850s; countless more were attacked, their crosses stolen, their alters violated, and their windows broken. At Sidney, Ohio, and at Dorchester, Massachusetts, Catholic houses of worship were blown to pieces with gunpowder. In New York City, a mob laid siege to the prominent cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul and only the arrival of the police saved the building.
1859 The Oregon Constitution declared that no "Chinaman" could ever own property in Oregon.
1875 Revised Federal Statutes, Section 2169, Title XXX specified that racially, only two types of aliens - persons of white or black descent - were eligible to become American citizens. All Asian immigrants, being neither white nor black, were classified as "aliens ineligible to citizenship."
1878 The Workingmen's Party campaigning on it "The Chinese Must Go" slogan, won about a third of the seats to California's constitutional convention.
1882 Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited entry to all Chinese people except teachers, students, merchants, tourists, and officials. This was the first - and only - federal law restricting immigration based upon nationality and race. The Act was repealed in 1943.
1884 A segregated Oriental School was established in San Francisco for Asian students.
1887 American Protective Association organized by middle-class whites to revive immigrant restriction endeavors. Members of the organization were required to take a secret oath which revealed the depth of Protestant distrust and fear of Catholics holding public office.
1894 Immigration Restriction League organized by a young Harvard graduates who wanted the nation to decide whether they wanted their country "to be peopled by British, German and Scandinavian stock, historically free, energetic progressive, or by Slav, Latin and Asiatic races historically down-trodden, atavistic, and stagnant." League members made a distinction between the "old immigrants" of English, Irish, and German stock and the "new immigrants" from Italy and Eastern Europe. They claimed that these recently arrived "undesirables" were inherently unable to participate in self-government or to adopt American values.
1906 The San Francisco Board of Education ruled that all Japanese and Korean students should join the Chinese at the segregated Oriental School. There were 93 Japanese students in the 23 San Francisco public schools at that time, 25 of whom had been born in the United States.
1907 Expatriot Act provided that an American woman, naturalized or native born, who married a foreigner, lost her citizenship.
The Gentlemen's Agreement was negotiated by President Roosevelt whereby the Japanese government agreed not to issue passports to laborers immigrating to the United States. However, parents, wives, and children of laborers already in the United States could immigrate, as well as laborers who had already been here.
1913 California Alien Land Law prohibited "aliens ineligible for citizenship" (i.e., all Asian immigrants) from owning land or property, but permited three year leases. It affected the Chinese, Indian, Japanese, and Korean immigrant farmers in California. Nonetheless, Japanese land holdings increased as Japanese farmers used various strategies to circumvent the law especially by assigning title in the name of citizen children. In 1948, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Oyama v. California that the law was unconstitutional.
1917 Immigration Act prohibited the entry of immigrants who were "induced ...to migrate to this country by offers or promises of employment," imposed a head tax, and excluded immigrants over 16 who could not read in any language.
The first Bracero Program was an exception to the Immigration Act after American farmers and railroad tycoons persuaded the U.S. Department of Labor to suspend the head tax and the literacy test for Mexican workers coming to the United States with contracts for up to 12 months. No Mexican worker could depart for the US without a contract signed by an immigration official specifying the rate of pay, place of employment, work schedule and other conditions.
1920 California Alien Land Initiative passed with a majority of every California county voting to outlaw all the measures the Japanese used to circumvent the 1913 law. In the 1920s, various California Supreme Court cases upheld the constitutionality of the law
1921 An amendment to the California State Political Code allowed the establishment of separate schools for children of Indian, Chinese, Japanese, or Mongolian parentage.
1922 The Cable Act revoked the citizenship of any woman who married an Asian alien. The Act was repealed in 1936.
1924 Immigration Act established the first national law designed to limit immigration through creating quotas to reduce immigration from southern and eastern Europe (especially Jews and Italians). As a result, the percentage of visas available to individuals from the British Isles and Western Europe increased, but newer immigration from other areas like Southern and Eastern Europe was limited. The Act set an annual limit of 150,000 immigrants; forbade the admission of "aliens ineligible to citizenship" - all Asians, including wives of Asians already in the US; denied all Asians naturalization rights; and prohibited Asians from marrying a Caucasian and from owning land. Upon signing the Act, President Calvin Coolidge commented, "America must remain American."
1929 to 1937. In response to the huge numbers Mexican immigrants working in California's agricultural economy, the United States immigration Bureau worked with authorities in Los Angeles to send illegal Mexican workers back to Mexico. By 1937, half a million Mexicans were sent back to Mexico from the US.
1942 The second Bracero Program began whereby Mexican contract laborers came to the U.S. with a promise to be returned to Mexico at the end of a specific term. During the war years, braceros worked in 21 (but mainly California and Texas) states where in 1944 alone, they harvested crops worth $432 million. Ranchers paid low wages and provided barely livable facilities. The program ended in 1964.
1943 Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act repealed the exclusion of Chinese immigration. Because the US allied with China during WWII, a quota of 105 per year was set for Chinese immigration (based on a formula set on one-sixth the total population of that ancestry in the 1920 census.) Japanese were still excluded.
The Zoot Suit Riots erupted in Los Angeles. White mobs, including several hundred servicemen, rioted and terrorized zoot suiters for three nights, dragging them out of movies, stores, and houses, beating them, and tearing apart their clothes. The police responded by arresting over 600 Mexican-American youths arguing that they were being taken into "preventive custody." Later that summer, the LA city council outlawed the wearing of zoot suits.
1952 The McCarran-Walter Immigration and Naturalization Act nullified the Naturalization Act of 1790, thus ending racially-based naturalization ban and the 1924 ban on Asian immigration.
1954 Operation Wetback began with the goal of removing all "illegal aliens" from the southwestern United States, with a focus on Mexican nationals. Over one million Mexican laborers, most from the Bracero Program, were deported. Raids were carried out by INS, local law enforcement, and armed military forces. Many American citizens of Mexican descent were deported without cause.
1994 California's Proposition 187 made undocumented immigrants ineligible for three kinds of public services: social services including mental health and rape crisis intervention; health services except for events defined as emergencies under federal law; and education at elementary, secondary, and post-secondary schools. Required employees of public agencies to report any persons they suspected of being in the US illegally to two governmental bodies. In 1998, a federal judge ruled that most of Proposition 187 was unconstitutional.
1996 Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act increased the federal government's border enforcement efforts by authorizing 1,000 additional Border patrol Agents each year from 1997-2001; allowed wiretaps for investigating alien smuggling operations and increased the criminal penalties for such actions; permanently barred from the US any alien convicted for an aggravated felony; authorized 300 additional investigators; and established a program to monitor foreign students. S
2005 Minutemen Civil Defense Corp was created by a group of private individuals in the United States to monitor the United States–Mexico border's flow of illegal immigrants. Co-founded by Jim Gilchrist and Chris Simcox, the name derives from the Minutemen, militiamen who fought in the American Revolution.
2006 The Secure Fence Act allowed over 700 miles of double-reinforced fence to be built across cities and deserts between California and Texas in areas that have been prone to illegal drug trafficking and illegal immigration. It authorized the installation of more lighting, vehicle barriers, and border checkpoints, while putting in place more advanced equipment like sensors, cameras, satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles in an attempt to watch and control illegalimmigration into the United States.
2010 Arizona passed S.B. 1070, a law that makes it a crime not to carry proof of legal residency and which in turn, encourages racial profiling, harassment, and discrimination against Latinos.
NATIONAL MOVEMENT #3: The fight for Progressive Reform
Across the nation, city government was a conspicuous failure of American democracy.
Goal #2: To carefully examine the rise and fall of progressive reform in California in the early 20th Century
Three Questions about Progressive Reform in California, 1880-1920
What factors brought Progressive reform to California?
Two events ushered in the Progressive Era began in San Francisco: the 1906 San Francisco earthquake that occurred in April was the first event and the second event was the Graft Prosecution that began in October 1906.
In the aftermath of the disastrous quake, San Franciscans did not want potential migrants or businesses to think that another quake could ever destroy their city again. So they argued that it was not the quake itself - a natural disaster that human beings could not control - that destroyed the city, but rather, it was the subsequent fire - which human beings could control with a better planned and constructed, publically owned water system. But to build a new city on top of the ruins and construct a new water system, many San Franciscans knew required ridding San Francisco of its corrupt city government - one that had been in power since 1901.
- When he attended his first Republican convention, he quickly recognized that becoming a boss for a district in the northern part of the city would give him great power and wealth. He set about creating a political machine in which he became the middleman between the politicians and big business. As such, he worked to get out the votes of the poor and immigrant families by distributing Turkeys at Christmas and helping with immigration papers.
- While Ruef was busy creating his political machine, few San Franciscans questioned the way the city was managed. However, in summer of 1901, Mayor Phelan ordered city police to support scab workers to break up a major union strike. Some citizens were furious that the mayor used the police as strike breakers and that he had used the power of government to destroy unions.
- A group calling itself the Union Labor Party of San Francisco was organized in September with the goal of having union members enter politics to elect a government of their own.
- Ruef threw his support to the new party. He chose his close friend Eugene Schmitz, president of the musicians union, to run for mayor. A Catholic of German-Irish descent, Schmitz appealed to a high percentage of the electorate.
- Schmitz was elected mayor in 1901, 1903, and 1905. In the last election, every one of the 18 Union Labor nominees was elected to the city's governing board - the board of supervisors. Ruef, then, controlled the entire government.
- These 18 men were members of labor unions but knew nothing about running government. They knew Ruef received large payments from public corporations. Following are two examples of the corruption that came with such payments:
- United Railroads of San Francisco which was the largest street railway company in the city, wanted a special ordinance that would allow it to convert all remaining cable car lines to overhead electric trolleys. To get the ordinance passed, the company paid a $200,000 attorney's fee to Boss Ruef who then divided $85,000 among the supervisors who passed the ordinance. Ruef pocketed the remaining $115,000.
- Pacific Gas and Electric Company wanted to be certain that reductions would not occur to the gas rate. To assure this, they paid Boss Ruef $20,000. Ruef then paid $13,250 to the supervisors who blocked any such rate reduction.
- Such arrangements were typical of other cities - but in San Francisco what was not typical was that these examples and many others of corruption became know in full to the public.
- And this brings us back to the earthquake.
- With people demanding a new government that could respond to a natural disaster, charges of graft became the second vehicle to bring in a new, progressive city government.
- The graft trial began when a reform-minded millionaire, Rudolph Spreckels, pledged his financial support to a prosecution fund.
- A great prosecutorial team came together and secured indictments against both Ruef and Mayor Schmitz that they had extorted money from the owners of several "French restaurants" - establishments that had a conventional restaurant on the first floor, private supper bedrooms on the second floor, and houses of prostitution on the upper floors.
- The evidence was limited, but the detective hired for the case was able to trap one of the supervisors into taking a bribe. The supervisor was then promised immunity if he disclosed every bribery in which he and the Board of Supervisors had participated.
- All the other supervisors were also granted immunity, as was Ruef if he testified against the corporate executives who had given him the bribes in the form of "attorney fees."
- The prosecution, however, was still not able to make their cases in court. Of all the defendants, Ruef alone was forced to serve a term at San Quentin.
- Ruef's graft prosecution contributed to a growing statewide demand for political reform.
- What subsequently happened began at the Republican state convention in September 1906.
- It became obvious that the Republican Party in California was controlled by the railroad interests.
- Thus, a group of reform minded Republicans left the Convention with the idea of overcoming this control and reforming the Republican Party itself.
- In May 1907, a group of "Lincoln Republicans" was created and drew up an "emancipation proclamation" that would wrestle the party away from corporate interests and domination. Thus, it announced as its first objective "the emancipation of the Republican Party in California from domination by the Political Bureau of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company and allied interests."
- By 1908, the progressive reformers, now sponsored by the League of Lincoln-Roosevelt Republican Clubs, had elected enough members of the legislature to begin working for their other goals.
- Soon thereafter they became known as the "Lincoln-Roosevelt Republic Club" and they threw themselves into the election of Hiram Johnson as governor. In 1909, in the first direct primary in the state's history, he received the Republican nomination and in 1910 he was elected. Thus began the era of progressive reform in California.
Goals and Accomplishments of Califoria's Progressive Reformers
Factors contributing to the Decline of the Progressives in California, 1916-1920
Conclusions - Labor, Reform, Industry, and Politics


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Whatever happened to Harper's gold?
What actually happened to the jewellery a customer allegedly kept in a bank? Taiwo Abiodun writes on the claims and counter claims
Gold is at the heart of the matter between Madam Enitan Olayinka Harper and WEMA Bank. According to Harper, 69, she has been banking with WEMA Bank for years which made her to deposit her gold allegedly valued then at N3million in their custody at their Egbeda Branch office in Lagos. The items were said to have been collected with the inventory taken. A copy of the application letter itemising the jewellery and signed by the branch secretary was also made available to The Nation. The transaction took place in 2004. She told our correspondent that she has been paying N3,000 as interest every month.
Along the line, she obtained a loan of N150,000 from the Bank in 2005; the agreement was to pay within one year , that is 2006. She had paid N50,000 from the said loan. When she requested for her gold she was told that it had been transferred to the head office.
The story later changed when on December 6, 2010 Madam Harper arrived from London and met the Bank's management at Egbeda Branch and demanded for her gold to sell in order to take care of her daughter who was hospitalised in the United Kingdom,
Her words, "my late daughter was suffering from cancer and was hospitalised in the United Kingdom, I was with her for sometime in the hospital, when I discovered that I needed money to assist her I came back home to Nigeria. I went to the Bank to demand for my gold in order to sell it and go back to London to assist my ailing daughter financially and also pay up the balance of the money I borrowed from the Bank. On my arrival at the Bank the then Manager Wasiu Adeniyi asked me to go and bring the buyer .I said it was not possible for he needed not to know the buyer. Again I demanded for only one item in order to sell and offset the N100, 000 and later I would collect my gold to sell and go to London to take care of my daughter who was being given pints of blood of about 2,500pounds weekly yet the man refused but would ask me to come back every day for one week. .Later the manager said I should give them a week and that the man who knew how to open the vault where the gold was kept had left the Bank. Later the Manager said the gold had been sent to the Head Office."
However, since the woman was still owing the Bank, she told the Manager that she would not pay the balance unless the Bank produced her jewellery. She said, "I was surprised when the Manager later told me that in the year 2010 armed robbers invaded the office and carted away my jewellery and N25million from the strong room.'' The woman insisted as she did earlier in 2006 that the box of her jewellery must be produced before she could pay the amount she borrowed from the Bank. She refused to pay the balance of the N100.000 since they failed to release the gold in their custody. She contacted her lawyer who wrote to the Management of WEMA Bank .
The lawyer was invited for settlement but nothing came out it. While the Bank is accusing the woman of failure to pay up the balance of the loan which had gone up to N500,000, the woman is also asking them to stop adding interest to the money unless they produce her gold.
A letter was first sent to the WEMA office dated May 25th 2011 while another was written again on June 21st June , 2011 by Ogunsanya Chambers and sent to The Legal Adviser of WEMA Bank, saying, " we found it difficult to accept the robbery incident because our client requested for her safe custody items in 2006 and the Branch claimed robbery attack on 6th day of December, 2010.Over five and half years of debt accumulation through interest applications .You will agree with me that there was no correlation at all….."
However the head office at Marina responded to the letter on the 17th of June 2011 and invited their client and the lawyer for a meeting, saying, Your letter dated May 25, 2011 in respect to the above subject refers .Further to our efforts towards addressing the grievances of your client vis a vis the release of safe custody items allegedly lodged with the Egbeda Branch, we hereby invite you for a meeting geared towards achieving this end.'' The letter was signed by one Valentine and Kunuji and Johnson Lebile from Legal Services Department.
According to the lawyer Kehinde Agboola, the lawyers from the Bank started singing different tunes. "There is something hidden from the woman and I believe if the Management from the top stepped in she would have justice. How can a client keep her valuables with you and paying three thousand monthly you cannot provide them for her and you are accruing interest over the money she owed you. It is unfair," he stated
However, when The Nation visited Wema Bank head office at 54 Marina Lagos, the Public Relations Officer, Mr.Femi Adeniran said the bank acknowledged the receipt of application letter for the safe keeping of the jewellery from the woman as the standard practice but there was no contract binding the two parties. He added that the purported valuables had to be valued and properly insured with the actual time limit the items were to be kept within the bank custody before the bank can be said to be liable. "By the time you do all these things, you know of course there was a contract". He admitted to have called for a meeting which the client's lawyer attended but could not resolve the issue. He explained further that jewellery and other valuables are usually kept in the head office and couldn't have been kept in the Branch claimed to have been robbed .He added that the woman ought to have enough evidence by showing receipts of the transactions as hand written paper she presented with the stamp of WEMA Bank and signature evidencing the acceptance of the goods is not enough evidence to show.
The woman said she used to deposit dollars, and pounds sterling with the Bank when she was still doing business in Dubai. She vowed to take the Bank to court for unnecessarily increasing her interest on the remaining N100, 000 she was yet to balance. "I am heading to court, they must produce my jewellery .They must also stop the interest accrued on the money I borrowed , let them produce my jewellery and I will pay their balance.'' She added'' I cannot be cheated like that , I have my name to protect, my husband was a Permanent Secretary during the Gowon regime. I cannot be hoodwinked. Let them give me my gold.''
Barrister Chito Ezeani described the action of WEMA Bank as unfair, his words: "Jewellery are like probate and other valuables in Bank for safe keep on condition that the person has to pay an agreed interest on it. On demand, the Bank is to release the deposited valuables – in so far as the depositor had met all the repositions as regards to its agreed interest on it."
He continued, "If the valuables are not deposited as a collateral the bank is expected to release the valuables on demand by the depositor."
However, Ezeani said the issue if taking a loan is a different thing entirely but it is not proper or lawful for the bank to now refuse to release the deposited valuables because they are not used as collateral. If of course, they were used as collateral it is understandable, if not it is not justified.
The Barrister blamed the bank on the safety of the valuables. "Negligence of the bank in safe keeping of her (Harper) valuables cannot be foisted on the woman and the woman has a legal right to claim for her deposited valuables or got to court to claim for its value."
On the valuables' security Ezeani said it is no longer the business of the depositor but it is the bank manager at Egbeda that should have taken them to their head office for safety.
"In so far since the bank did not deny that they collected the valuables they should give her valuables. The bank is liable either to produce the valuables or pay her the money value.
If she requested for her valuables in order to offset her debt from the same bank and the bank refused the bank cannot approbate and reprobate at the same time."
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Denise Breyley, Whole Foods Market's Local Forager here in Seattle, has the enviable job of traveling the region to visit farmers, ranchers, fishermen and interesting small businesses to find new products to introduce to Whole Foods Market shoppers. Here are some of Denise's top picks to share with friends and family this season.
For the perfect cheese platter or a great gift for the cheese lover in your life, Mt. Townsend Creamery in Port Townsend, Washington as an exclusive Holiday Cheer Cheese at Whole Foods Market. The cheese is actually washed with fermented apple cider from Finnriver Farm and Cidery, imparting rich grassy flavors and apple notes to the cheese.
Firefly Kitchens in Seattle was recently announced as a finalist for a Good Foods Award, making it the third year in a row they've either won or been a finalist. This is a great gift to introduce people to something unique and delicious and give them something they don't expect. Our local forager's pick for this year is their Ruby Red Kraut.
A perfect gift for the cook in your life is Alaska Pure Sea Salt. The company began in 2000 and spent 10 years perfecting their craft. Whole Foods Market offers their classic and alder smoke flavored salts, both harvested from the Gulf of Alaska.
If you really want to kick off the holiday festivities, Finnriver Farm and Cidery offers some amazing ciders that are good on their own or perfect for mixing with champagne. For a special treat, try their Black Currant or Huckleberry cider.
Looking for some great holiday menu ideas? Check out Whole Foods Market's Classic Christmas Dinners here.
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2013 Global Fashion Trends
From neon hues of pink, lime and orange to subdued hues of plum, olive and oxblood, the 2013 trends of fashion also include dramatic monochromes and funky Asian flavor to trendy-looking low heels and necklines to die for.
Here are the top 8 global fashion trends of 2013.
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There's no way around this problem; if a reaction released energy both going forward and going backward, it could fuel a perpetual motion machine, which, of course, is an impossibility.
Still, it is possible to make hydrocarbon combustion reactions run backward -- either by brute force or by finesse.
The brute force way is to pump in energy. That's how the Nazi turned coal into oil during World War II. Saddled with an abundance of coal but short on oil, Germany solved the problem by transmuting coal to oil by chemical means.
But Nazi synthetic oil plants worked only at high temperatures and pressures and much more energy was used to drive the reactions than was ultimately stored in synthetic oil they produced.
The finesse is to devise a chemical compound, a catalyst, that takes the reactants up an alternative, lower energy pathway to the reaction products. In effect, instead of going straight up the energy hill, the reaction takes a more manageableideally the minimal-energy-- series of switchbacks to the top.
Like a ball in a glove
Last year Mirica's group was working with a palladium compound that they hoped could catalyze the splitting of water. "The catalyst we made for that reaction worked," says Mirica "but not as well as we hoped. But we noticed it was easily oxidized, even by the oxygen in air.
"This was our first hint that this might be an interesting system. So then we asked what else we could use it for.
"One of our ideas was to use it to turn methane into ethane." Methane, the main component of natural gas, is released in large amounts when an oil well is tapped. Currently the methane from the oil fields is wasted; it is flared off on site, releasing even more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
Turning methane to ethane, says Mirica, could be the first step in a process of building longer-chain hydrocarbons such as butane and octane, which would be liq
|Contact: Diana Lutz
Washington University in St. Louis


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GSoC students announced! https://make.wordpress.org/community/2014/04/21/gsoc-students-accepted/
(core projects are the minority this year, which is why I posted over on the community site under mentorship programs)
GSoC students announced! https://make.wordpress.org/community/2014/04/21/gsoc-students-accepted/
(core projects are the minority this year, which is why I posted over on the community site under mentorship programs)
Gautam Gupta and Andrew Nacin are discussing. Toggle Comments
The application period opens today and closes on March 21. Between now and then, we'll set up a handful of IRC chats starting this Wednesday (We'll use #wordpress-gsoc so as not to distract from the beta work in -dev, and won't get too close to the dev chat time-wise) to allow some real-time chatting with potential students about their project ideas.
All mentors should sign up for at least one time slot so the students will know which chat time will have appropriate mentors in the room. Everyone is welcome to attend these chats, not just mentors.
I'd like to pick 2 times of day and do the chats on Thursday the 13th, Saturday the 15th, Tuesday the 18th, and Thursday the 20th. 21:00 UTC seems to work well for dev chat, so I'm thinking that could be one of the times, but would like a 2nd time that we could do at least once or twice to make it easier on anyone on Australia/Russia side of the world.
Mentors: Please leave a comment with which days/times you can be available for chats in IRC. If anyone has an idea for a good 2nd chat time, suggestions welcome.
Aaron Douglas, Eric, Marko Heijnen, and 6 others are discussing. Toggle Comments
We've been accepted as a mentoring organization for GSoC! Now comes the work of interacting with potential students on wp-hackers (let's try to be responsive, and nice) and in #wordpress-dev and #wordpress-gsoc (I'll set up a few scheduled chats soon, but idle in the channel if you can to field questions) during the application period. Mentors, I'll contact you within the next couple of days to set up chat times and discuss the application review process.
Thanks to everyone who helped get our Ideas page filled!
Rohit Tripathi, klihelp, Eric, and 3 others are discussing. Toggle Comments
I've submitted our GSoC application. If anyone is interested in seeing the essay/short-answer questions they ask and how I answered them, I posted that part of the application over at https://make.wordpress.org/community/2014/02/13/gsoc-2014-application/
If you haven't posted an idea to the codex page https://codex.wordpress.org/GSoC2014 but have time now, go ahead and add it. More ideas = more possible students applying for something that grabs their attention. Also, Google will be reviewing applications Feb 17-21, so adding more ideas (don't forget to use the template and provide description) between now and the 17th is especially helpful. Not having enough ideas is why we didn't get accepted in 2012.
Google will announce participating organizations on February 24.
Hey all. I created our org profile for GSoC and have started filling out the application. Before I submit it, our ideas page needs to be bursting with project ideas and potential mentors. To that end, if you are interested in mentoring (co-mentoring a specific student, or just being a casual helper-outer in our gsoc channel when the time comes), let's get you listed and get those project ideas posted.
Go to https://codex.wordpress.org/GSoC2014 and log in to the codex (your wordpress.org u/p). You will see that I've made a template for posting project ideas. Just click the Edit link next to Ideas or next to the template labeled "Project Idea (copy this section, paste below…", and add your idea to the list below the ones that are there. I filled in one for the standard Full-throttle Trac Annihilation idea using the template so there would be at least one example there for the first poster.
Post as many good ideas for projects as you can think of. Make sure they are substantial enough to constitute a full-time summer job for the student, but not so grand that they won't be able to finish in 3 months. Note that we always require their working prototype by midterm, so really they should be able to do the primary coding in 6 weeks, with the 2nd 6 weeks for revision, documentation, testing, merging, etc.
Mentors who volunteered on the last thread have been posted in the Mentors section, but you should go in and edit your description to give some info about you, your areas of interest, etc. All mentor names should link to their wordpress.org profiles, as you see with the ones I've already posted. If you'd like to link to your own personal site for more info, please do so in the description rather than linking your name there.
It says please don't edit the mentors section without talking to me first. If you have been a previous mentor for GSoC (or have been listed as mentor before but didn't wind up with a mentee), consider yourself as having talked to me and go ahead and add yourself to the list/edit your description. If you have never gone through the GSoC process before, please ping me in irc so I can review stuff with you (expectations, etc) before officially putting you on the list.
If folks could start adding to this page now and continue over the weekend, then by Monday we can do a review to see if there are big gaps where I need to go mentor-hunting before submitting the application.
Scott Taylor, David Laietta, and John James Jacoby are discussing. Toggle Comments
It's that time of year again, when all good* core developers start thinking about whether or not they're up for mentoring a GSoC student this year. Many in this group know the drill, but there quite a few involved core contribs active this cycle who haven't been involved with GSoC before, so here's the deal:
I'll be putting together our application to be a mentoring organization this week, so it's time to start thinking of project ideas we could suggest on the Ideas page that we need for the application (the more ideas the better) and who wants to be a mentor. The application deadline is February 14, so I'd like to get the Ideas list in solid shape (along with mentor bios) by Feb 10 (a week from Monday).
If you have an idea or are interested in being a mentor, please leave a comment on this post. At the end of the dev chat after 3.9 business is out of the way, we can discuss some of the ideas and I can answer any questions people have about mentoring.
Related: I'm also going to be posting soon about starting up a regular mentorship program, as outlined here. But that can wait for another day.
*Where good means both skilled and kind and generous with their time.
Andrew Nacin, Bryan Petty, Wojtek Szkutnik, and 6 others are discussing. Toggle Comments
Hello everyone! Applications for Google Summer of Code are due in just 13 hours! (1900 UTC)
I've been reviewing a lot of proposals and ideas. But if you're waiting until the last minute (like I'm doing with this post), here are some random nuggets:
Finally, here are four more ideas in case nothing else appeals to you. (I'll make sure these make it onto the ideas page next year.) If you're still hunting, see if any of these set off bells in your head: (yes, there are WordPress plugins for everything, but innovation and new approaches are good things)
Of course, there's a lot of other great ideas on the 2013 page. If you haven't looked recently, I added a few at the start of the application period, including some JavaScript-heavy stuff (editor modes, HTML5 application cache, TinyMCE views). Good luck!
Anand Potukuchi, Andrew Nacin, and Theme and plugin dependencies | yrnxt.com are discussing. Toggle Comments
Mentors: GSoC chat in #wordpress-gsoc in about an hour if you're available.
We have been accepted as a mentoring organization for GSoC 2013. I'm already being bombarded by overenthusiastic students with questions, so we need to get our act in gear re mentor list and project list more or less now. Definitely by tomorrow.
IF you have worked on an assigned feature team in one of the last few releases, you can be a mentor, yay!
IF you haven't worked on an assigned feature team but you've had multiple patches accepted in one of the last few releases, you can be a mentor, yay!
IF you have themes/plugins in the .org repo and the lead devs say your code is good, you can be a mentor, yay!
IF you don't meet either of these criteria but think you're skilled enough and want to contribute, I need to have your code vetted by the lead devs.
If you are in one of the "yay" categories, please add yourself to the mentor list at https://codex.wordpress.org/GSoC2013 and leave a comment here saying you did so. Then, go to http://www.google-melange.com/gsoc/org/google/gsoc2013/wordpress, scroll down, and follow the process to apply to be a mentor in the gsoc system. Note that it's a little bit busted right now, so you might not get a confirmation back from me until they fix the existing bug there.
If you are in the maybe category, you can ping me in irc, comment here, or email ([my username/irc nick]@wordpress.org) me to get on the list of potential mentors that will have code reviewed by the leads.
Also, project ideas can be added to the wiki page as well IF you fall into the pre-approved to mentor category. Worth running ideas past the leads in irc for a gut-check first. Other ideas can be posted here for review.
Daniel Bachhuber, Eric Mann, Justin Shreve, and 6 others are discussing. Toggle Comments
It's time for us to apply for GSoC 2013 if we want to participate. I can take care of the application, but will need everyone's help in producing the project ideas and mentor sections.
We didn't get accepted last year because our Ideas page wasn't as good as it had been in past years, and they wanted to make room for some new orgs, so we got cut. Our ideas page wasn't great because we were planning to embed students in regular cycle feature teams, but we didn't write up all the potential features this might have included. This year we need to write out all the possible features.
The more project ideas the better, so things that aren't targeted for the next cycle but that we might want to do as a plugin to get some traction for inclusion in a later release would be great projects, too. Project ideas can include core features, plugins, themes, unit tests, etc. This includes work on .org site things like the plugin used to power WordCamp sites. The projects must be code, though, not design, documentation, etc. List your project ideas in a comment on this post. Please give it a title, and a short one-paragraph description. If there's a ticket or relevant thread somewhere, link to it.
Want to volunteer to be a mentor? You need to be good enough with wp coding that you currently don't need oversight to generally get it right (though obviously we all can get better with more eyes on code), and have enough time to be available to your student for feedback and code review (at least once per week, though more often is better). The time commitment can be anywhere from one hour to ten hours per week, depending on how far along your student's project is, and what there is for you to review (an hour or two a week is typical). You get a GSoC tshirt at the end. Want to be a mentor? Leave a comment on this post with a short/one-paragraph little bio about yourself, what kinds of projects you are interested in/qualified to mentor, and links to your website, wordpress.org profile, and twitter account.
I know you are right smack dab in trying to get this release out, which is why I'll take care of the application and associated materials. That said, I'm a bit out of the loop with core plans, so coming up with the potential projects list on my own would mean they might not mesh with the actual goals/plans of core team very well. I'll be looking to you guys to give me a sense of priority/possible plans for the next dev cycle, and to tell me who is qualified to mentor a project from the final list of volunteers. Will ping you offline for this.
Not sure how to write up a project idea or your short mentor bio? Take a look at the ideas page from 2011 for a guide.
Note 1: This year BuddyPress will be applying as a standalone organization with WP as the vouching organization. I'll be helping Paul Gibbs get their application going.
Note 2: I haven't announced it yet since it just happened, but we've been accepted as a mentoring organization for the Gnome Outreach Program for Women for the summer session. Unlike GSoC, where Google foots the bill, we'll have to raise the money to cover our interns for the Gnome program, so I'll announce it along with a fundraising drive. The Gnome program is a little broader than GSoC, and does allow non-code projects, so things like design, ux, documentation, translation, community management, etc would all be possibilities there.
Prasath Nadarajah, Jen Mylo, Marko Heijnen, and 5 others are discussing. Toggle Comments


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Better sorry than safe?
Christina Huh
Sep 21, 2011 You might remember the airlines are under new rules limiting tarmac delays to three hours, before passengers have to be allowed to de-plane. United...
Why the positive forecast for airlines?
Sep 22, 2011 The International Air Transport Association says global airlines have rebounded faster than expected from the recession and has raised its profit forecast for this year. Steve Lott from the North America IATA talks with Steve Chiotakis about why there's optimism about the airline industry.
MID-DAY UPDATE: Congress can't meet a budget deadline -- push it back?
Bill Radke
Sep 21, 2010 The federal government's budget year ends September 30th - and Congress is nowhere near passing a new budget. What do YOU do when you can't meet a...
Airline industry expects larger profit
Sep 22, 2011 The airline industry's trade association has changed its profit forecast for the airline industry. It expects a net profit of almost $9 billion. Reporter Alisa Roth talks with Bill Radke about whether this means the airline industry has officially recovered.
United and Continental, a marriage of equals
Stacey Vanek Smith
Sep 22, 2011 Like any marriage, the merger between the two airline giants has qualities that complements the others. But also like any marriage, economists predict some tough talks will be had to settle issues such as a pilots' pay.
What United-Continental means for us
Sep 22, 2011 Shareholders of United and Continental airlines have been voting for a few weeks now. We're going to get the results today on whether the two will merge to create the world's biggest airline. Tony Arnold reports on what the merger would mean for the airline industry.
United, Continental shareholders vote
Sep 22, 2011 Shareholders of United and Continental Airlines will vote on the airlines' proposed merger. Reporter Nancy Marshall Genzer talks with Bill Radke about why these two airlines want to merge and how effective these types of mergers are.
WTO to rule on illegal Boeing subsidies
Sep 22, 2011 The World Trade Organization is set to rule on a complaint against aircraft maker Boeing. The charge is that the U.S. government is illegally subsidizing the company and placing its rival, Airbus, at an unfair disadvantage. Europe correspondent Stephen Beard talks the details with Steve Chiotakis.
Trade groups wants lax plane CO2 rules
Eve Troeh
Sep 22, 2011 At a United Nations conference on aviation later this month, U.S. trade groups will propose a global standard for airline carbon emissions. They hope that helps sidestep tougher standards from European Union. Eve Troeh reports.
British Airways eyes more mergers
Stephen Beard
Sep 22, 2011 British Airways says it plans to go on a merger binge. London bureau chief Stephen Beard talks with Jeremy Hobson about what carriers BA has its eye on and whether the airliner can afford to do this right now.


text:
10th October 2012
David Walliams: Gay rumours will always follow Simon Cowell 13
5:18 PM — Little Britain star David Walliams says rumours about X Factor mogul Simon Cowell's sexuality will always surround him – even though he says he is straight.
20th July 2011
Married butcher puts up sign to combat gay rumours 52
2:20 PM — A married butcher in East Yorkshire has taken the step of putting a sign in his window declaring he is not gay. Brian Fields, who owns the Fields of Anlaby butchers in Hessle, announced that the rumours were completely false and that his children were being bullied at school over the gossip.


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About Scott Cleland
The Only Legitimate FCC Hybrid Net Neutrality Approach – My Daily Caller Op-edSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2014-12-01 14:25
Please don't miss my Daily Caller op-ed here: "The Only Legitimate FCC Hybrid Net Neutrality Approach"
This is Part 74 of my FCC Open Internet Order Series.
FCC Open Internet Order Series
Part 1: The Many Vulnerabilities of an Open Internet [9-24-09]
Google's Serial Bad Acts Harm American Interests in EuropeSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Fri, 2014-11-28 11:52
Google has no shame. Google is throwing stones at Europe while living in a glass house.
In response to a non-binding resolution passed by a 384-174 vote by the European Parliament to urge the European Commission to enforce European law against Google's search engine >90% dominance of the European digital market, Google has advanced three self-serving, America-harming, PR narratives that the overwhelming evidence shows are untrue.
One American bad apple is spoiling it for the whole American bunch.
First, Google shamelessly plays the victim acting like it hasn't done anything wrong worthy of European law enforcement when Google knows the evidence proves it is a serial bad actor with the worst antitrust, privacy, and property infringement rap sheet of any American multinational in Europe or the world.
A European Revolution against Google's Virtual Colonialization?Submitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2014-11-24 11:21
The European Parliament reportedly is scheduled to vote this week on a political non-binding resolution urging the European Commission to "enforce EU competition rules decisively" against search engines, i.e. Google.
What is going on?
In a nutshell, this vote has three big effective implications. It is a political revolt and declaration of Independence from Google's virtual hegemony. It is a rejection of former EC Vice President Almunia's gross mishandling of the Google competition case. And it is a vote for a European "single digital market" to promote European economic growth and job creation.
A Political Revolt & Declaration of Independence
Top Ten Questions to Ask About Title II Utility Regulation of InternetSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Thu, 2014-11-20 12:17
If Congress or the media seek incisive oversight/accountability questions to ask the FCC about the real world implications and unintended consequences of its Title II net neutrality plans, here are ten that fit the bill.
The GoogleNet Playbook & Zero Pricing – A Special ReportSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Tue, 2014-11-18 20:59
GoogleNet is Google's vision to leverage its proliferating dominance by offering global, near-free Internet-access, mobile connectivity, and Internet-of-Things connectivity via a global, largely-wireless, Android-based, "GoogleNet," that is subsidized by Google's search and search advertising dominance and by "open Internet" zero pricing of downstream Internet traffic.
A near-free global GoogleNet would be much like the Google Playbook which offers Android, Maps, YouTube, and others' content for free globally, to disrupt and commoditize competitors in order to maintain and extend its search and search advertising dominance throughout the economy.
Top Ten Adjectives to Describe FCC Title II Net Neutrality RegulationSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Tue, 2014-11-11 21:18
The top ten most descriptive adjectives for the President's claim that Title II utility regulation authority is needed to implement net neutrality are:
NetCompetition on President's Call for FCC Title II Internet RegulationSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2014-11-10 12:37
November 10, 2014
Contact: Scott Cleland 703-217-2407
The President's Call for Regulating the Internet as a Title II Utility Could Break the Global Internet
Autocratic Nations Want the UN's International Telecommunications Union to Control the Internet
Reclassifying the Internet as "Telecommunications" Isn't Domestic Policy, but Trade/Foreign Policy
WASHINGTON D.C. – The following may be attributed to Scott Cleland, Chairman of NetCompetition:
The Federal Communications Congress? – My Daily Caller Op-edSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Sat, 2014-11-08 09:41
Please don't miss my Daily Caller op-ed here: "The Federal Communications Congress?"
It explains how the FCC would be reversing longstanding, successful, bipartisan U.S. trade and foreign policy, if it unilaterally reversed the legal status of Internet traffic from an un-tariffed information service to a price (and tariff) regulated "telecommunications" service.
This is Part 71 of my FCC Open Internet Order Series.
FCC Open Internet Order Series
Part 1: The Many Vulnerabilities of an Open Internet [9-24-09]
Google's Dominance Isn't Peaking Its Proliferating!Submitted by Scott Cleland on Tue, 2014-11-04 22:55
Apparently Google hopes to convince the new European Commission to buy into the same market predicate that it convinced Mr. Almunia to accept -- that the fast and ever-changing Internet marketplace has rendered lasting market dominance and antitrust enforcement obsolete.
Like a magician or illusionist, one can make another believe anything if they can misdirect their attention from what is really going on.
Google's latest misdirection ploy is to focus the media and the new EC on its new "peak" PR narrative that its search and Android dominance is at a "peak" -- with the implication that Google's market position is fleeting and will only go down from here because fast-changing innovation and competition will naturally supplant it.
And by extension, if people accept that Google's dominance is "peaking" then they can more easily be convinced that Google's dominance could decrease naturally without any government intervention.
This "peak" market frame is clever misdirection because it distracts people from focusing on how Google is broadly abusing its market dominance to extend its market power into additional, adjacent, and nascent markets.
However, a new competitor or innovation can only have a chance to supplant Google, if Google does not neutralize or dominate the new competitor or innovation first.
FCC Should Ask Congress for Authority to Address Internet Fast Lane IssueSubmitted by Scott Cleland on Mon, 2014-11-03 18:14
If the FCC believes it needs additional legal authority to ensure no Internet "fast lanes" or "paid prioritization," it should ask Congress for the authority to do it.
That's what agency "creatures of Congress" do when their original legal authorities have obsolesced and need modernization to remain functional. It's Congress' constitutional role to set American communications/Internet policy; it's the FCC's role to implement and adjudicate it. That's basically why the U.S. D.C. Court of Appeals overturned the FCC in 2010 in Comcast v. FCCand again in 2014 in Verizon v. FCC.


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I would like to know the name of the buffoon who first decided that competition was a bad thing. Who was the silly goose who woke up one morning with the goofy notion that kids shouldn't keep score in their games so that the members of the losing team wouldn't suffer from low self-esteem? And what fathead decided that high schools shouldn't have valedictorians because all the other seniors would feel like a bunch of underachievers?
No doubt it was the same idiot who determined that a level playing field didn't really mean equal opportunity, but equal results. But who was he? Could it possibly have been, as I suspect, Dr. Spock? And, if so, why wasn't he ridden out of town on a rail?
It's not that I'm unaware that there can be a dark side to competition, but that's only when the wrong people decide that the ends always justify the means, whether those means involve lying, stealing or back-stabbing.
However, honest competition brings out the best in most people. It's what leads some individuals to invent, and leads others to refine those inventions. Whether people are driven to excel in pursuit of money, fame, glory or out of more altruistic motives, makes no difference to me. Whatever led to the creation of "The Brandenburg Concertos," the internal combustion engine, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn," the pacemaker or the microchip, I suspect that competition of some sort played a major role in bringing them about.
When I worked as an advertising copywriter for Doyle Dane Bernbach way back in the 1960s, the agency insisted that their clients be able to point to a product difference, something that made them unique, and in some way better than their competitors. I recall in one instance that the product was salt. Salt, for god's sake, is salt. Expecting to have a competitive edge struck me as absurd. But I was mistaken. What the agency did was to design a superior container. After all these years, I don't recall what made it better, whether it was more functional or merely a much more attractive package, but I do know that the consumer was provided with a legitimate reason to buy our salt, aside from a clever advertising campaign.
On the negative side of the ledger, we have certain baseball players who have resorted to performance-enhancing drugs in order to out-do the competition. In the case of Barry Bonds, we've been told that he was so jealous of the attention being paid to Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa as they battled to break Roger Maris's home run record that he figured the only way to fight fire was with fire. Only in this case, it was a matter of fighting steroids with steroids.
Democrat Tammy Baldwin: The First Amendment doesn't extend 'far beyond' 'institutions of faith' | Matt Vespa


text: The PLT EL-1B medical and projector bulb has a S7.75 bulb shape and a SC Bayonet base. It operates at 54 watts and 13.5 volts and has an average life rating of 100 hours. This medical lamp has an initial lumen output of 1000. This bulb measures at 1.97 inches in length and is primarily used in medical, microscope, and projector scientific equipment.


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The investment bank Goldman Sachs and its boss, Lloyd Blankfein, have been under harsh scrutiny across the media world since The New York Times' publication this morning of a withering screed by a departing executive director, Greg Smith. (I had my say here.) But what do they think of Blankfein inside the firm?
They've mostly been extremely supportive, according to Glassdoor, a jobs website that collects employee reviews at companies everywhere. Some 94% of employees approve of Blankfein, and 6% disapprove. His approval rating has been consistently above 90% since 2008, except for one dip to 84% last year. Here's a chart tracking it:
Many employees love the place, like the one who wrote on Glassdoor, "Competitive pay, good industry experience, smart people, fast paced, brand recognition, long term career goal/pay satisfaction, interaction with employees across the globe." But cracks are showing. One executive director wrote: "The 'prestige' factor for both the Firm and the industry is clearly not where it was 5-10 years ago, but it's still one of the top places to work." Another said, "Better take care to eliminate some of that headline risk. The firm is starting to lose its luster, so it's harder to justify treating your people poorly for the sake of reputation." And a third, "Acknowledge that politics drives away quality people, and once few start leaving, more and more will look for options outside."
Now the question is if, and how much and how fast, those cracks will widen.


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For two decades, the North Caucasus conflict has been among Europe's deadliest. Recently, victims were less, but risks associated with growing Islamic State (IS) influence in the insurgency are growing. To prevent a new rise in violence, Moscow must promote transparent governance as well as social and economic opportunities in its six North Caucasus republics.
3 July 2015: La fragile transition au Burkina Faso dispose de moins de quatre mois pour organiser des élections dans un contexte de tensions politiques et de forte agitation sociale. Dans cette vidéo, Cynthia Ohayon, analyste principal pour l'Afrique de l'ouest pour Crisis Group, analyse le processus électoral au Burkina Faso et recommande aux acteurs politiques et à la société civile de s'engager dans un dialogue formel.
29 June 2015: As South Sudan's civil war continues unabated and multiple peace processes and initiatives create little tangible progress, members of the UN Security Council are seeking to adopt sanctions against six generals, three each from the government and the opposition sides. This would in effect punish past wrongdoing and risk compromising ongoing peace efforts. It would also undermine the renewed impetus for a coordinated international approach to peacemaking in South Sudan.
9 June 2015: As they move toward a final peace agreement, the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) have agreed to form a truth commission. Announced as the two sides met in the Cuban capital in talks aimed at ending Latin America's longest war, the initiative, which is to be independent and impartial, will be implemented once the long-awaited peace agreement has been signed.
See the Spanish version of this blog post to read Crisis Group's Storify on the issue.
More commentary
International Crisis Group © 2015 |


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September 26, 1999
The crew vacations on the space cruiseship Titanic, where Fry plays pretend boyfriend to Leela to deter a former suitor, and to Amy to placate her parents.
"Mars University"
October 3, 1999
Fry enrolls at Mars University, where he rooms with the Professor's latest experiment - a talking monkey - and former frat-rat Bender leads his brothers in wreaking havoc.
"When Aliens Attack"
November 7, 1999
The gang acts out the final episode of "Single Female Lawyer" to appease invading aliens who missed it due to technical difficulties caused by Fry in 1999. Leela plays "Jennie McNeal."
"Fry and the Slurm Factory"
November 14, 1999
The gang wins a party with Slurms McKenzie at the Slurm bottling plant, where they're marked for death after learning the secret ingredient.
"I Second That Emotion"
November 21, 1999
After flushing Nibbler down the toilet, an artificially remorseful Bender joins Leela and Fry on their search in a sewer-world of mutants.
"Brannigan Begin Again"
November 28, 1999
Court-martialed for blowing up a space station, Zap Brannigan and his assistant Kif join Planet Express, where Zap leads a mutiny against Leela.
"A Head in the Polls"
December 12, 1999
Bender pawns his body, which is bought by and attached to a prominent head who uses his new mobility to run for political office - again.
"Xmas Story"
December 19, 1999
On the eve of "Xmas," as it's called in the year 3000, Fry and Leela flee the robotic Santa (John Goodman) who kills those he deems naughty; Bender volunteers at a mission for homeless robots.
"Why Must I Be a Crustacean in Love?"
February 6, 2000
The crew takes an anxious Dr. Zoidberg to his home planet for a mating ritual, but Fry has to coach him on how to attract females.
"Put Your Head on My Shoulder"
February 13, 2000
Things heat up between Amy and Fry after her new car runs out of fuel on Mercury. But breaking up is hard to do after an accident forces them to share the same body.
"Lesser of Two Evils"
February 20, 2000
A Bender lookalike - who Fry finds even more obnoxious - is hired as extra security for some precious cargo, which disappears during Fry's watch. Bob Barker has a voice cameo.
"Raging Bender"
February 27, 2000
After indirectly KOing the champ during a scuffle at the movies, Bender joins Ultimate Robot Fighting, where the fix is in - for a while.
"A Bicyclops Made for Two"
March 19, 2000
Leela meets another surviving cyclops, a male who invites her to their planet, where Leela proposes they restart their race.
"How Hermes Requisitioned His Groove Back"
April 2, 2000
With Hermes on a stress-reducing vacation, his by-the-book replacement (Nora Dunn) falls for Fry, but Bender stumbles on to their romance, and pays a price.
"A Clone of My Own"
April 9, 2000
After his 150th birthday party, the Professor picks a successor, who disappoints him so much that he decides to end his life by reporting for a final trip to a mysterious planet of old people.
"The Deep South"
April 16, 2000
A fishing trip strands ship and crew underwater, where Fry falls for a mermaid residing in the lost city of Atlanta.
"Bender Gets Made"
April 30, 2000
After having a hand in an incident with a celebrity chef that blinds Leela temporarily, Bender becomes a hired goon in the robot mafia, who plan a hijacking - of Planet Express cargo.
"The Problem With Popplers"
May 7, 2000
Earth's most popular new food is discovered and marketed by the crew - until one of the snacks speaks to Leela.
"Mother's Day"
May 14, 2000
The Professor is the key to stopping a robot-and-machine revolt against humans, as ordered by robot-creator Mom, who seeks to be declared Supreme Overlord of Earth.
"Anthology of Interest 1"
May 21, 2000
Voice cameos by Vice President Al Gore, physicist Stephen Hawking and Nichelle Nichols (Star Trek) complement this episode, in which Bender, Leela and Fry experience the Professor's "What If" machine, each in a different scenario.


text:
madame librarian's Blog
What We're Reading July 2012
After Annie: a novel by Michael Tucker
Games traitors play by Jon Stock
Ministers of fire: a novel by Mark Harril Saunders
The scent of cherry blossoms: a romance from the heart of Amish country by Cindy Woodsmall
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Time was, Time is… July 2012
Disneyland opened on July 17, 1955. Queen Elizabeth celebrates her Diamond Jubilee this year, China is becoming a world power, and Andy Farrell creates his list of the greatest ever golfers.
The 100 greatest ever golfers by Andy Farrell
Walt Disney: a biography by Louise Krasniewicz
Monarchy. The complete series. Disc 1 [videodisc] by a production of Thirteen/WNET New York in association with Channel Four Television and Granada Video
Waking giant: America in the age of Jackson by David S. Reynolds
The Boxer Rebellion and the great game in China by David J. Silbey
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Older Adults July 2012
- Sign up for Canton Public Library's Connect Your Summer reading program
- Bring your grandchildren to one of the many activities Canton Public Library offers for children
- Start a book club for grandparents and grandkids
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Look What's In Large Print: July 2012
After Camelot [large print]: a personal history of the Kennedy family 1968 to the present by J. Randy Taraborrelli
The beginner's goodbye [large print] by Anne Tyler
Xo [large print] by Jeffery Deaver
War of the worldviews [Large print]: science vs. spirituality by Deepak Chopra, Leonard Mlodinow
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Book Club Choices July 2012
The perfect book for a book discussion is one that's not too easy, not too hard, that will hold the interest of a diverse group of readers and will also inspire a lively discussion. For additional book club resources try the Canton Public Library's Book Club in a Bag kits:
City of dreams: a novel of Nieuw Amsterdam and early Manhattan by Beverly Swerling
Light on snow: a novel by Anita Shreve
The book thief [sound recording] by Markus Zusak
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Book Talks Around Town July 2012
Criminal: a novel by Karin Slaughter — Award winning author, Karin Slaughter will talk about her new book on Tuesday, July 10 at 7:00PM at Nicola's Books in Ann Arbor. Copies of Criminal will be available for purchase and signing.
The great escape by Susan Elizabeth Phillips — Susan Elizabeth Phillips, 4 time Romance Writers of America's Favorite Book of the Year will introduce her new book at Nicola's Books on Thursday, July 12 at 7:00PM
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Murder Will Out: From Book to Screen
Are you a fan of A&E's Longmire and/or FX's Justified? These two popular television dramas are based on books by Craig Johnson and Leonard Chang
The cold dish by Craig Johnson — the first book in the Walt Longmire's series.
Over the shoulder: a novel of intrigue by Leonard Chang — Leonard Chang is a staff writer on FX's Justified and the author of several books including an award winning noir trilogy featuring Allen Choice, a Korean-American investigator.
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Murder Will Out July 2012
Try something new, an author you haven't read or a genre you haven't tried.
Kill switch by Neal Baer, Jonathan Greene
50% off murder by Josie Belle
Death drops by Chrystle Fiedler
File M for murder by Miranda James
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Andy Griffith 1926-2012
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Canton Seniors Book Group Reading List 2012
The Canton Seniors Book Group meets on the fourth Thursday of the month from 2:00-3:00 PM in Group Study Room A. We meet every month except December. Adult Librarians Elaine Skrzynski and Joyce Simowski alternate leading the discussion. Copies of the discussion book can be picked up at the monthly meeting or after the meeting at the Adult Desk.
Hotel on the corner of bitter and sweet: a novel by Jamie Ford — July 26
One was a soldier: a Clare Fergusson/Russ van Alstyne mystery by Julia Spencer-Fleming — August 23
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New Meeting day for Canton Seniors Book Discussion
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Mitch Ryder at Ypsilanti District Library
Devils & Blue Dresses by Mitch Ryder. Detroit's own, Mitch Ryder will discuss and sign his autobiography on Thursday, June 21 at 7:00p.m. at Ypsilanti District Library, 5577 Whittaker Road, Ypsilanti, MI. Ryder will be interviewed by Martin Bandyke of Ann Arbor 107. A Question and Answer session will follow the interview. Copies of Devils and Blue Dresses will be available for purchase. The event is free, seating is on a first come, first serve basis. For more information contact the Ypsilanti District Library.
Canton Seniors Book Discussion July 26, 2012
The Canton Seniors Book Discussion Group will meet on Thursday, July 26 in Group Study Room A from 2:00-3:00 PM to discuss Jamie Ford's haunting novel. Copies of this book will be available on Thursday, June 28.
Hotel on the corner of bitter and sweet: a novel by Jamie Ford
Conquer It
Conquer the cosmos: use astrology to attract the man, money, and happiness you deserve by Bridgett Walther
Conquer the crash: you can survive and prosper in a deflationary depression by Robert R. Prechter, Jr
Conquer the clutter: reclaim your space, reclaim your life
Workarounds that work: how to conquer anything that stands in your way at work by Russell Bishop
The solution: conquer your fear, control your future by Lucinda Bassett
Canton Seniors Book Group April 25, 2013
The girls from Ames: a story of women & a forty-year friendship by Jeffrey Zaslow
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text:
If I add this piece of html to my page:
<script type="text/javascript">
var s = '</script>'
IE 7.0 shows a syntax error (exclamation mark in left bottom corner): "Unterminated string constant"
if I change just one letter (any) the error disappears - looks like IE doesn't like this particular word, including brackets.
Any ideas why?
Thank you, Andrey


text:
Official Launch of Samsung Amman International Marathon Next October
Amman International Marathon recently announced the official launch of its activities scheduled to kick off on 22 October 2010.
This announcement came in a press conference held on 1 August 2010 at Greater Amman Municipality headquarters, in the presence of HRH Prince Firas Ibn Raad, H.E Mayor of Amman, Eng. Omar Maani, Amman International Marathon Director, Mr Samir Farkouh, and the President of Samsung Electronics Levant, Mr. Sangsuk Roh and Mr. Sufian Al Salman East Med and Africa HR Director of Pepsico representative of Aquafina.
The Marathon officials announced to the press that Samsung Company, upon a cooperation agreement, is now the Title sponsor; accordingly the Marathon shall be officially called "Samsung Amman International Marathon", and they announced that Aquafina is the official water. The attendees discussed the procedures of setting the race off, the most important security and health precautions on the routes, and the target audience which includes professional runners, amateur runners, athletes, families, youth, and the physically challenged.
It is important to note that Samsung Amman International Marathon is divided into 3 levels, the 42.195 km Marathon, which kicks off at 6:30 a.m. from Greater Amman Municipality, the Fun Run, a 10 km race, starting from the Royal Culture Center at 10:00 a.m., and the 4 km Kids Run, at 11:00 a.m.
The mission and vision of Amman International Marathon are represented in making this event the most important international race among professional runners regionally and internationally, with the aim of creating a new generation of runners, and encouraging the physically challenged to participate in such an interactive sport and other competitions.


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Husqvarna Nuda 900 and Nuda 900R
View Single Post
loosely portrayed
Joined: Aug 2001
Location: Brooklyn
Oddometer: 31,764
Originally Posted by
None of that matters in the least - the angular surfaces are just one design element, what matters at the end is execution and the whole. All the Husq bikes have a similar design language, with flat, opaque surfaces.
The Atzek was awkward, goofy and disproportionate. The Nuda is exactly the opposite; it is essential, minimal and it suggests lightweight and agility. It is essential for the brand to continue the development of their identity. These are the cues the bike's intended audience is supposed to pick up on, and I am guessing that audience is not you.
It matters greatly, I disagree completely that it doesn't matter. The design elements are born from the same aesthetic and style. There are quite a few similarities in their surfaces and sculpture.
Of course the Aztec is a bloated dated exercise in stealth design compared to a decade+ newer motorcycle design. For whatever it's worth I'll agree it's already a stretch to compare a motorcycle's design to an auto. But that doesn't mean they're not from the same style animal, or from the same visual ideation. They share design cues pure and simple. like looking at the resemblance in an old man and his grandchild. But a family look nonetheless.
BTW many good design (transportation) houses have figured out that constantly changing faces for as you say - -
essential for the brand to continue the development of their identity
- - isn't such a great idea. This is why you can tell a Mercedes or a BMW, Volvo, Saab, Fiat, etc from a mile away... Whether it's from the 1960s or today - you can tell the brand. You actually see it's lineage, it's family features. This is the failure in most Japanese design. They're constantly chasing someone else's look or trend aesthetic. So they look completely different every 10 years. People (as a whole) seem to like timeless more so then trendiness.
Black Shadow of Vincent, falls on a Triumph line
I've got my motorcycle jacket but I'm walking all the time...
Zodiac screwed with this post 12-07-2011 at
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PlayStation 3
This is a split board - You can return to the Split List for other boards.
- Boards
- PlayStation 3
- Gameplay vs. Story
- Boards
- PlayStation 3
- Gameplay vs. Story
This is a split board - You can return to the Split List for other boards.
2 years ago#51
It depends on the genre. Bejeweled doesn't need a story at all, but a game like Uncharted without an epic story would still be fun to play because the gameplay is solid.
Then there's stuff like fighting games. I don't need to know why Scorpion wears a mask to enjoy the game.
Now a game like Heavy Rain, HAS TO HAVE a good story to be a fun game.
So it really depends.
HOWEVER, a game with TERRIBLE gameplay could have the BEST story EVER and still suck.
For me, both matter, depending on the genre, but gameplay is number one.
www.saccitygamer.wordpress.com (My Gaming Blog)
@SacCityGamer ~ www.facebook.com/SacCityGamer
2 years ago#52
mtjormitch posted...
And it begins.
Okay 4 lines in a paragraph. Lets see where you are wrong in these four lines.
-First off, you say story telling based games are the best based on what? Critical reception? In which case, Bayonetta. Sales? Call of Duty franchise.
-Secondly, the very nature of any franchise, both in games and other mediums that focus exclusively on story telling is to make you addicted until the next version. The very nature of film means that when you find a Director whose body of work you really like, you become addicted to his or her work until gasp, their next film comes out.
-Thirdly, I made no judgement about games that focus on story telling, other than the fact that their gameplay needs to be adequate. You know, because gameplay is the interactive part of video games. And interactive medium. In the same way visuals are the most important thing in film, or writing style is the most important thing in literature.
-Finally, what my two favourite TPS this generation? One is Spec Ops: The Line, giving gamings version of Apocalypse Now, a powerful narrative and great atmosphere. The other is Vanquish, a balls to wall fun TPS with little regard to story.
A video game without a story deserves no respect and deserves nothing in terms of merits. All it does is spit in the name of what a modern video game is meant to be and anyone who disagrees with me is part of the problem and part of the reason why people do not respect us or our medium!
And here you fall into the whole Judge Frolio territory like clockwork. While I admire your dedication to this character you've created. This Templar of the character that see's completely in black and white, unable to separate friend from foe and is a danger to their own cause, a little variety wouldn't hurt. Maybe one time this falsity you've creative just sits down, has a nice conversation, admits defeat and uses this experience to reinforce his arguments would make mtjormitch a much more complex character, which would allow him to stay more interesting for longer
"Hey bridesmaid, love the beard! Give's me something to hang onto!!"- Lord Flasheart
2 years ago#53
mtjormitch posted...
sharinguy posted...Gameplay is the most importance part of a video game. Part of the reason some games are feeling souless this gen is because devs are trying to make cinematic experiences and pretty cut scenes.
So because I prefer good gameplay over story I'm now a retro dude that plays shooter with explosions only? Wow thank you for telling me that FFT, Shadow of the colossi, Atelier Totori, Deus-ex and Persona 4 golden are retro manly games with explosions and guns everywhere.
Shadow of the Colossi did not have a story there was no narrative, it was the same level of story telling and exposure as megaman 2 on the NES good guy goes beat bad dudes the end. That is not a story that is a setting.
The best acclaimed games both critically and by user are games with good gameplay and mediocre or bad stories games like: Devil may cry series, Bayoneeta, Elder Scroll series, Shin Megami Tensei, Zelda, etc. Also the best selling titles have little to no story like for example: Mario, Pokemon, Grand Turismo, CoD, etc.
I never said games to not have stories, just that games should be games first and not interactive movies or corridor games that run badly which is sadly the case with a great number of games nowadays.
PSN: Dorman_777
Pokemon Black FC: 5414-9379-0757
2 years ago#54
Gameplay. I don't care how good the story is. If the controls ain't tight, I won't even bother. The story is a bonus.
Cot damn!
2 years ago#55
I tend to stick to fighting games, and who plays those for the story
I'm not saying the story is not important but its not a selling point for me with most games
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSWXqC7Dlhs - The Legend Of Don Piano
(Topic Creator)2 years ago#56
mtjormitch posted...
jammies posted...Raven_Cyarm posted...A good story can make me forgive bad gameplay.
That is the most hilarious thing I've ever read.
Monster Hunter Tri is one of the best Capcom games of this generation.
Of course, that's not saying much.
2 years ago#57
Gameplay, but only because it is what will ultimately set the tone and pacing for the narrative and a game with broken gameplay will be shelved a lot faster then a game with good gameplay with a terrible story.
You don't get a gold star for being less bloody stupid than another bloody stupid person when you are still demonstrably bloody stupid. -the final bahamut
2 years ago#58
Story. Gameplay alone can't hold my interest; I want a reason for playing the game. I need to want to see what happens next. If the gameplay happens to be great, then great!
But if the gameplay is way too frustrating, even if the story is amazing, I'll drop it and watch a LP of the rest on youtube or something.
So mainly story, but it can't have TERRIBLE gameplay.
2 years ago#59
You know Shadow of the colossi had no story whatsoever yet the game was memorable and fun
People really aught to stop confusing simple with no story. SotC had a great story so I have no idea what this comment was trying to suggest.
You don't get a gold star for being less bloody stupid than another bloody stupid person when you are still demonstrably bloody stupid. -the final bahamut
|More topics from this board...
|can anyone tell me about Metal Gear Solid's story ?
|Metal gear solid 5 - worried about it being an interactive movie with bad story
|OMG, just started playing TLOU...
|Should I get the God of War Saga or the Metal Gear Solid Collection?
|What games are you still going back to despite how old they are?


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ddOUR MISSION
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The FDIC Money Smart Program was developed to help you learn more about managing your finances, whether you are just starting out and opening your first account, want to save for the future, or want to learn more about getting loans for a car or to buy a home.
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Delivery of the instructor-led program has come about due to collaborative efforts with school districts, chambers of commerce, community and civic-minded organizations that recognize the importance of providing free financial education. Research shows that financial education fosters financial stability. It's simple: The more people know about credit and banking services, the more likely they are to increase their savings, buy homes, cars, and improve their financial knowledge.
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All sessions are free of charge to interested parties. For more information or to sign up for an upcoming workshop, please contact Tom Zarate, Vice President of Business Development at Finance and Thrift, at (559) 359-2129.


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
55 year old man | Canyon Country, CA, USA | Seeking women 35-45 within 31 miles
Friends first, let the rest take care of itself.
I had taken a few months away from the dating scene. It's not easy trying to find the right person, it can be a lot of work. So now I'm back again. I'm a single father, I have a 10 year old son that lives with me and I have 3 daughters that don't live with me. (no drama!) I'm a family oriented guy, but I do travel extensively with and without my kids. I like to enjoy life and be around people that have a positive outlook on the world. I'm comfortable in any situation, whether it be a hole in the wall restaurant, or a black tie event. I don't mind catching the red eye to New York for a play, or hanging at the house watching a movie on the couch. I like treating a lady like a lady, it's something I learned from my mother. I'm looking for a woman that's ready for a no-drama, fun, happy, long term, love filled, respectful, romantic, sexy, one on one relationship. Someone that's not mad at men, or unhappy with herself. She must understand and practice the concept of working together to make a relationship work. I don't think that's too much to ask for, do you? Send me a note.
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing cards , Religion/Spiritual , Travel/Sightseeing
Basketball, Dancing, Golf, Running, Walking / Hiking
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
Don't display my sign
I like Dogs
I love travel. I've been to 20 countries. New York and Paris are my favorite cities. I'm more of a traveler and not a tourist.
Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, FL
I listen to and enjoy all types of music. Jazz is my favorite, with Old School R&B and Brazilian a close second and third. For TV, I watch the Travel Channel, Comedy network and of course the Lakers.
Travel, travel, and more travel. I love spending time with my kids and family. I'm not a couch potato. I also Dj and I'm a pretty good musician. I play bass, mostly jazz.
I'm currently reading The Big Short, Aftershock, and One Second After. I usually keep about three books at a time in my Ipad.
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|What he is looking for
|5'10" (177cms)
|4'11" (149cms) to 5'7" (170cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned
|Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Black, Dark brown
|No Way
|No Way
|Social Drinker
|Never, Social Drinker
|Financial / Accounting / Real Estate
|Other profession
I'm a broker at a precious metals investment company.
|$35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home (More than 3)
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|Not sure
|Not sure, Probably not, No, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|Black / African descent
|Black / African descent, Latino / Hispanic
|Christian / Protestant
|Christian / Catholic, Christian / Protestant, Christian / Other
|English, Spanish
|Bachelors degree
|Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral