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Posted July 29, 2003 and updated on May 2, 2009
Why is Daredevil rated PG-13?
Official MPAA Rating: Daredevil is rated PG-13 for for action, violence and some sensuality.
Please read our content details for this movie to help determine if it is suitable for members of your family. We also encourage you to check our full review and our movie information page.


text: The The Legend of Zelda: Spirit Tracks wiki last edited by TechiesRobo on 06/03/14 05:16PM View full history DevelopmentThe Tracks Go On and OnInspired by the book The Tracks Go On and On, which director Eiji Aonuma read with his son; The Legend of Zelda: Spirit Tracks (Zelda no Densetsu: Taichi no Kiteki in the Japanese) brings an Industrial era setting to the formerly medieval-themed Legend of Zelda series."My son loved this book. When he was four or five, this was the book he'd bring me every night before bed. 'Read it, dad, read it!' That's the story, it's a very simple one, but the pioneering spirit, the kids building the railroad... Something about it seemed as though it would fit with Zelda. But I didn't tell the staff about this book." -Eiji AonumaAs the first continuous sequel to a Zelda game on the same console since Majora's Mask, Aonuma thought of this game in the same way as that game, creating a brand new game and story while using the same assets made for it's predecessor, in the same way Majora's used from Ocarina of Time. Spirit Tracks took two years to make, as opposed to Majora's Mask, which was developed for only one year.As it is tradition to make a direct Zelda sequel to have gameplay elements completely different from their previous title, the team decided to use the Phantom enemy from Phantom Hourglass as a second playable character that can be controlled simultaneously with Link using the touch screen to add a new mechanic to solve puzzles, as well as for story purposes. StoryPrincess Zelda and Link talk as friends.Sometime after the events of Phantom Hourglass, Link, Tetra, and their crew discovered a huge new land mass that they could colonize and call New Hyrule. The descendant of Tetra went on to become the new Princess Zelda, while the descendant of Link went on to become a train engineer for the Royal Railroads. The land was populated by the descendants of the inhabitants of the Great Sea. Link confronts Zelda's attacker.Link learns from Zelda that train tracks have started to disappear from the railroad, which, as well as being used for transportation, were responsible for sealing an ancient evil force named Malladus. Together with Link's engineer teacher and former swordsman Alfonzo, the trio head out to investigate these disappearances, only to be ambushed by Cole, a demonic servant to Malladus posing as Zelda's chancellor, and a powerful warrior named Byrne (or Staven, depending on the localization) who seek to revive this ancient evil by stealing Zelda's body to use as a vessel for said force.This leaves Zelda's spirit wondering around aimlessly, unseen by all whom she passes. All except for Link, anyway. Upon discovering this, Zelda enlists the help of the young engineer to help her regain her body and stop the resurrection of Malladus by restoring the Tower of Spirits.Gameplay Link and a Phantom Zelda work together to finish a dungeon. In a departure from the previous two games in this thread of the Zelda universe, Link now gets around Hyrule via train instead of a boat.Link's train, much like his predecessor's boat, sports a cannon to fend off any hostile creatures that get too close. Like any Zelda game, Spirit Tracks includes dungeons full of environment based puzzles, giant bosses, and all new items and weapons to help the player throughout the game.New to this game is a player controllable Phantom Knight that can be used to safely traverse hostile terrain. Link can ride on this Phantom Knight to cross lakes of lava or use it to block fire in Link's path.Controls Controlling both Link and Zelda at the same time.For the first time in a canon Zelda game, Zelda is a playable character aiding Link with her ability to control the Phantom Knights in the central Tower of Spirits. Like its predecessor, Spirit Tracks uses the touch screen for all of Link's actions. Movement is done by placing the stylus on the touch screen in the direction you wish to move in, thereby causing Link to start running (or walking if the player places the stylus close enough to Link's current position) in that direction.For combat, the player simply make a quick swipe across the screen to use Link's sword. They can also just tap an enemy to attack them as well. Other actions, such as picking up and moving an object (like pots, bombs, or whatever else Link can grab) simply require the player to tap on that object to pick it up, and tap again where they wish to put or throw said object.The game uses the DS microphone frequently, specifically for the Spirit Flute and the Whirlwind.CharactersPrincess Zelda - The descendant of Tetra and ruler of Hyrule. Link - The protagonist of the game whose latest incarnation sees him as a train conductor.Niko - A surviving member of Tetra's original pirate gang, he is now over 100 years old and narrates the game's prologue.Alfonzo - Link's mentor in the Royal Railway. He is a great swordsman and train engineer. A descendant of the original pirates.The Postman - A traveling postman in charge of delivering letters across the kingdom.Chancellor Cole - Zelda's suspicious chancellor whose interests may lie outside of the royal family.Anjean - A member of the Lokomo tribe and the guardian of the Tower of Spirits. All the Lokomo have train-related names, and ride around on little wheeled carts.Byrne - A very powerful companion of Chancellor Cole, who joined up with him for his own reasons. He was once of the Lokomo and was formerly Anjean's apprentice.Gage - The Lokomo of the Forest Realm.Steem - The Lokomo of the Snow Realm.Carben - The Lokomo of the Ocean Realm.Embrose - The Lokomo of the Fire Realm.Rael - The Lokomo of the Sand Realm.Honcho - The head of the walrus-like Anouki tribe of the Snow Realm. The other Anouki are Bulu, Kofu, Noko, Yefu and Yeko.Kagoron - The strongest warrior of the Fire Realm's Goron tribe. He helps Link by providing him with the train's wagon, necessary for several quests involving moving cargo.Ferrus - A train-obsessed traveler and photographer who Link meets several times. He indirectly teaches the player how to observe the laws of the rails when carrying passengers.Beedle - A descendant of the Wind Waker merchant who, like his Skyward Sword counterpart, flies around in a store connected to a hot air balloon. As with previous games in which he appears, he provides membership tiers and bonus for frequent buyers.Rabbitland Rescue Man - An odd man obsessed with rabbits who has built a safe haven for them. Link can capture rabbits while he travels around by train, and return them to the sanctuary for prizes.Linebeck III - The grandson of Phantom Hourglass's roguish corsair Linebeck, who runs a trading post between the Forest Realm and the Ocean Realm. He is every bit as treasure-obsessed as his ancestor. He also looks identical, but for a straw boater hat.BossesStagnox - The Armored Stag Beetle of the Forest Temple. Resembles a giant stag beetle.Fraaz - Master of Icy Fire of the Snow Temple. Resembles a miniblin, but wielding magic similar to Twinrova's.Phytops - Barbed Menace of the Ocean Temple. A large kraken type creature with spiky, vine-like tendrils.Cragma - Lava Lord of the Fire Temple. A cyclops/rock golem type creature. Byrne - Chancellor Cole's minion. Fights using his speed and retractable claw.Skeldritch - Ancient Demon of the Sand Temple. An immense, skeletal sandworm creature.Demon Train - The Demon King's diabolical train.Chancellor Cole - Zelda's chancellor who seeks to summon the Demon King. Cannot be attacked directly, but needs to be chased away before the player can reach Malladus during the fight on top of the Demon Train.Malladus - The Demon King. Has several forms, including Princess Zelda's at one point.Dark Link - An optional boss found at the end of the hardest level of Take 'Em All On, a Survival Mode style combat mini-game. He is able to use Link's bombs and arrows in addition to his sword.Locations Forest RealmAboda VillageHyrule Castle TownWhittletonTrading StationRabbitland Rescue Forest SanctuaryForest Temple Snow RealmSnow SanctuarySnow TempleAnouki VillageWellspring StationBridge Builder's HouseSlippery StationSnowdrift Station Ocean RealmOcean SanctuaryOcean TemplePapuchia VillagePirate HideoutLost at Sea Station Fire RealmFire SanctuaryFire TempleGoron VillageGoron Target RangeEnds of the Earth StationDisorientation StationDark Ore Mine Sand RealmSand SanctuarySand TempleAll RealmsTower of Spirits Beedle's Air Shop MultiplayerLike its predecessor, Spirit Tracks features a multiplayer mode that similar to Pac-Man where up to four players can compete to collect as many force gems as possible, while avoiding Phantom Knights, before time runs out. The mode features six maps, each with their own traps and hazards, which are somewhat based on the various temples from the story.The mode does not support online, but does support download play.

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Police: Crash injures passengers
RANDOLPH A woman suffered life-threatening injuries and a Barre man received serious facial injuries in a one-vehicle crash in Randolph on Sunday morning after which the driver ran from the scene, Vermont State Police said.
Kyle Larrabee, 19, of Roxbury, was cited on charges of driving under the influence resulting in a serious injury, gross negligent operation resulting in a serious injury, leaving the scene of an accident and driving with a suspended license.
State police say the crash occurred at the intersection of Windover Road and Route 66 around 4 a.m. when Larrabee crashed the 1993 Ford F-150 he was driving into the guardrails after failing to make a turn at the intersection.
State police say two passengers suffered serious injuries. Eric Parker, 21, was taken to Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center in Lebanon, N.H., with facial injuries and a female passenger, whose name and age were not released, was taken to Dartmouth-Hitchcock with life-threatening injuries.
Larrabee is being held on $25,000 bail and is scheduled to appear in Orange County criminal court Tuesday at 8 a.m. to answer the charges.MORE IN Central VermontMARSHFIELD Norman is a rather randy assistant librarian who manages to wreak havoc for... Full StoryPolice look to create timeline in Westford shooting Full StoryThe following is a sampling of calls to Montpelier Police in recent days. Full Story
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text: Tweet A Couture Ad Targeted at Boys? Lanvin "Pacman/Lego" Campaign. Posted by PANDA JU on February 10, 2009 at 9:56pm Lanvin print campaign inspired by Pacman and Lego, photographed by Hartland Villa. Tags: lego, ad, advertising, couture, fashion, lanvin, pacman, photography, print, women Email me when people comment – Follow


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Don't know much about history…
but I do know that I can't figure out where I've gone wrong with setting up the tutorial scene. Whilst this is low noise for boost light use, it's way higher than appears in David's scenes. There's aliasing too.
Actual size at 256 AD - sorry, rpp.
My scenes are mostly lit with a large fairly even TA light-sources and that helps a lot with the noise. Also… I often add one or two normal radial lights here and there, because this also reduces noise.
In your example, your predominant light source is relatively speaking small. And the smaller it gets the worse the noise gets I've found. So what I would do is put a few ordinary radial lights inside the lit sphere that don't include the lit sphere as a target and supplement the TA effect. It won't be as nice and pure as your original example, but it should help with the noise.


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
25 year old woman | East Sparta, OH, USA | Seeking men 22-29 within 30 miles
Active within 3 days
Give me a shot...I may just be the woman you didn't know you wanted =)
Well let me introduce myself! My name is Ashlee and what friends would describe me as a very kind and caring person as well as a very busy person... My friends and family always come first to me always have and always will. I love to smile and laugh, and having fun. I am always up for new experiences. I have recently been to Vegas where i actually jumped out of a 108 story building.... it was an amazing experience which I want to do again as well as other over the top experiences!! I just graduated from Walsh University with my Bachelors of Science in Education focusing on early Childhood and early childhood intervention specialist. I have always wanted to be a teacher because I absolutely love children. I am currently working 2 part time jobs until I am able to find a full time teaching position but fear not I know I will find that teaching job I am meant to have where I can impact student's lives. I do have a cat and a dog that most defiantly make life interesting for me. It just isn't a home without them. My absolute favorite holiday is Christmas because I am a Christmas baby lol. Since I am always working, exercising to better myself and working towards my finding my dream teaching job, I am hoping to meet someone in the hopes of getting to know a few new people and hopefully see where that leads me. My ideal guy would be a kind caring, hard working person has the same values as I do and he has to love children since I come from a large family and would eventually like some of my own =) i want someone who is willing to go on adventures with me whether it is sky diving or trying a new restaurant. Major turn offs would be smoking, excessive drinking and lying/cheating. Other than that I am open to new experiences!!!!
Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Exploring new areas , Playing cards , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering
Baseball, Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Other types of exercise, Swimming, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Cats
I have two animals at the moment... Scooter who is my black Lab that is 10 years old and my new cat Mia who is only three years old that i rescued from the shelter.
Middle of the Road
I have recently been to Las Vegas and it was an amazing trip... I actually jumped out of a 108 story building. it was a controlled free fall and it was an amazing experience!!!!!
Walsh University, North Canton, OH
I will listen to just about anything on the radio. I also love cooking (I am fairly good at baking). I watch all different kinds of shows and movies but no horror movies for me please...sled riding and snow ball fights
I love watching tv/movies with friends and family. I love reading, swimming, roller skating, bowling, laser quest (though not the best at it), drawing/painting. I also love to try new things with friends.
ok this is how much of a romantic nerd I am but the last 5-10 book I have read were romance/ fantasy lol.... what can I say im a sucker for them
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|What she is looking for
|5'8" (172cms)
|5'5" (165cms) to 8'11" (271cms)
|Body type:
|A few extra pounds
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds, Stocky
|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Dark blonde
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde, Platinum, Bald
|No Way
|No Way, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker
|Education / Teacher / Professor
|No preference
I currently working at Wendy's as well as an After School Program as a teacher and the cooking teacher too... these jobs are considered part time even though I work 40 hours a week.... ideally I would like to find my dream teaching job =)
|Less Than $25,000
|Less Than $25,000, $25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|Never Married, Widow / Widower, Currently Separated, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home, Yes, and they live at home
|Wants kids:
|White / Caucasian
|No preference
|Christian / Other
|No preference
I am Christian and I do go to church with my family as often as my jobs allows, I am involved in my church as well as my family and I wouldn't have it any other way
|Bachelors degree
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree
I just graduated from Walsh University with my B.S degree in Early Childhood and Intervention Specialist. I am thinking of getting another degree in something else just as a back up to these degrees because teaching is not always stable...


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From bronze altarpieces to palace courtyard pillars to historic men's masks, the growing MFA collection of African and Pacific art includes masterpieces from the 16th to 20th centuries. These collections are the newest addition to the MFA's world-class holdings, and include significant artworks in abstract and realistic styles.
The African galleries include a selection of bronze and ivory artworks from the Kingdom of Benin, in present-day Nigeria, one of the most celebrated traditions on the continent. Fine Yoruba artworks, also from Nigeria, include pieces by master artists Olowe of Ise and Agbonbiofe. Inventive decorative arts, including headrests, staffs, and tableware, introduce visitors to the art of everyday life on the continent during the late 19th to early 20th centuries. A collection of metalwork, from anklets and necklaces to sculptural knives and swords, lies at the intersection of art and function.
The newly installed Art of the Pacific gallery includes sculpture, textiles and paintings stretching from Indonesia to New Zealand and Hawaii. Three guardian figures, once placed outside villages on the island of Borneo, are the highlight of the Museum's collection of architectural sculpture. A Maori feeding funnel, used to feed a chief during the sacred and physically challenging process of tattooing, is one of the Museum's best pieces. Its complex whorls of pattern surround human figures, delighting the eye. Striking masks, including the first kakaparaga funerary mask collected by a museum, invite the visitor to consider art that moves. Intricate textiles from the region are rotated every six months to provide new opportunities to see exemplary Pacific Islands weaving. Arts of the late 20th century are also included in the gallery. Man with Rooster, by Fernando Cueto Amorsolo, is one of the only paintings exhibited in the United States by this master of Filipino modernism.


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Summer Swimwear Giveaway with Albion Fit
Can you even believe summer is right around the corner? Me either, because it means one thing for sure…..swimsuit season, lol!
You'll have no worries looking amazing in these swimsuits I am sharing with you today. Albionfit.com is offering a Picky Palate reader with $150 to shopping online their site. Wait until you see these adorable suits.
Albion Fit offers beautiful, comfortable, and high-performance fitness and swimwear for the fashion and health-conscious female. They also recognize the importance of balancing an active lifestyle. Love that!
Here are some of my favorites.
Love Love Love this suit! I do not have a bikini body, so I am always looking for stylish one pieces. This one is so cute! It's called The Show Stopper Black and White.
How cute is this Blousy Shirt Top suit? Great for hiding…say….leftover baby tummy?! Yes!
Love this one too! It's called the Gown Suit Poppy.
Another cute pick from me is this Dolled Up Polka Dot Suit. Cute huh?!
Albionfit.com also has exercise wear, make sure to check it out HERE and HERE.
You can find them on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest and Instagram. Be sure to follow them for news on products and giveaways!
Now for the Giveaway! One lucky winner will win $150 to go shopping online at Albionfit.com!
Use the rafflecopter widget below to get entered!
Disclosure: I received product for hosting this giveaway however thoughts and opinions are my own.
KitchenAid Stand Mixer Giveaway 2 Winners
Green Apple KitchenAid anyone?
Thrilled to be teaming up with one of my good buddies Maria of Two Peas and Their Pod for a KitchenAid St. Patrick's Day Giveaway! KitchenAid is offering 2 of our readers one of these gorgeous Green Apple Mixers. We always love working with KitchenAid, their products are the best.
Whether you are baking up a batch of cookies, bread, cupcakes or cake, KitchenAid always makes life easier in the kitchen if you ask me! How amazing is this color by the way? A little extra green to get you ready for St. Patrick's Day!
Be sure to peek at my Green Velvet Baked Sprinkle Donuts to see the mixer in action!
2 Winners will receive
Green Apple 5 Quart Artisan Series
5 quart capacity, 10 speeds
Green Apple finish
325 watt motor for 9 cup flour power
Stainless Steel Bowl with Handle
Includes beater, dough hook and wire whip
To Enter To Win, See the Rafflecopter Widget Below. Good Luck!
Giveaway….2 iPad Mini's
What could be better that an chance to win a new ipad mini? Two chances to win an iPad mini!!!
Two of our lucky readers will each win a 16 GB ipad mini with WI-FI (about a $350 value after tax)!
We have come together with some of the most amazing blogs out there (I am sure you have seen their stuff ALL over Pinterest) to bring you this fantastic giveaway. We are all so excited! And we will be picking our lucky winners on the luckiest day of all! St. Patrick's Day!
To Enter:
All you have to do is pin this post and follow ALL of these talented bloggers on Pinterest. Believe me, if you aren't following them already you want to be! They are the best of the best when it comes to food, crafts, style and inspiration. And we have made it super easy with all of their follow buttons below.
Once you have followed them all, just fill out the rafflecopter form and you will be entered to win!!!!
Ella Madison Online Boutique Giveaway
So excited to share a new to me online boutique with you today. Let me introduce Ella Madison
You'll find a trendy online boutique with the latest style in clothes, jewelry and accessories at very affordable price points.
The pieces I received in the mail last week were even more beautiful in person, I was very pleased. Looking forward to wearing all the pieces.
Ella Madison Boutique is offering a Picky Palate reader a $100 Gift Card to go shopping on their Online Boutique. See below to enter.
Let me show you a few of the things I chose. Loving THIS dress, THIS scarf and THIS scarf! There are so many great pieces to choose from, have fun shopping!
Green Victorian Teardrop Necklace and Earring Set
To enter the giveaway, see the widget below. Good Luck!
Roasted Red Pepper Parmesan Baked Eggs
Tags: eggs, parmesan cheese, roasted red peppers
So excited to be helping promote my friend Jessica of Sodium Girl's new cookbook "Sodium Girl's Limitless Low-Sodium Cookbook." Jessica is an amazing woman and so unbelievably talented in the Low Sodium recipes! My hat goes off to her, because if you've ever cooked low sodium, you know that it is not exactly easy!
To celebrate Jess's new cookbook, I have tried my hand at a low-sodium dish that I call Roasted Red Pepper Parmesan Baked Eggs. I wanted to use bold flavors to flavor my recipe instead of salt. I think this was the first recipe that I have made that I didn't use an ounce of salt. So proud of myself, lol,! I have to say, that these baked eggs are fantastic! I highly recommend them for any breakfast.
Huge congrats to Jessica and her new cookbook. It is absolutely beautiful. Did I mention Matt Armendariz was the photographer? You'll get to enjoy his beautiful photography throughout the book. It's funny, Jessica and I worked on our cookbooks the exact same time. It was so fun meeting her and sharing stories together. It truly is so fun to see your hard work come to life.
If you've got anyone in your family that needs a low- sodium diet or just want to improve your own health, you definitely need to check Jessica's book out.
She is a pro at making beautiful flavorful food on a low sodium diet.
Run out and find your copy today sold at Amazon, Barnes and Noble, and anywhere books are sold
Make sure you enter to win a gorgeous Vitamix at the end of this post to celebrate Love Your Heart Recipe Rally! See below.
- 3 tablespoons finely chopped roasted red peppers
- 2 eggs
- 1 teaspoon freshly grated Parmesan Cheese
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F.
- Place chopped roasted red peppers into the bottom of a small individual size baking dish. Top with cracked eggs then sprinkle with Parmesan Cheese. Bake for 15 minutes or until eggs are set.
Makes 1 Serving
Make sure you enter to win a gorgeous Vitamix below! Good Luck!
Giveaway Rules:
The Giveaway will be live from 2/12/2013 at 9:30AM PST to 2/18/2013 12:00AM PST
NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. Winner must be a US resident in order to win. Winner will have 48 hours to respond to email to claim prize before another winner is chosen. The name of the winner will be announced on SodiumGirl.com and the Rafflecopter Widget once the giveaway has ended. In the event the Sponsor (Vitamix) fails to send the prize, the Host (SodiumGirl.com) and all Participating Hosts (Participating Bloggers) will not to be held responsible or liable in any way. This promotion is in no way sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with Twitter or Facebook. Complete terms and conditions can be found within Rafflecopter Giveaway Widge above and here.
Giveaway and Vitamix photos provided by Vitamix via Sodium Girl.
Petunia Pickle Bottom Giveaway $500
I am so beyond thrilled to be partnering with Petunia Pickle Bottom. Their bags and accessories have been a favorite of mine for years and years. The fun colorful prints make me so happy! I love that their bags are perfect for moms with little ones and equally as perfect for women without kids, there are choices to fit every need.
Their new Spring line is to die for, you've gotta check it out.
The theme for this giveaway is "everything you need for a weekend away"….in style might I add
Let's take a look at what the lucky winner receives.
First up is this beautiful Wistful Weekender in Merigold Medallions. I carry a Weekender for all of Pax's necessities and I must say it is big, stylish and perfect. I get compliments on it everywhere I go.
Here's a top view. Lots of space inside and so many great pockets for your things.
The winner also will receive the beautiful Carried Away Laptop Case and Stowaway Sleeve in Evening in Innsbruck
Love the Travel Train Case in Frolicking in Fez and the matching iPhone Case. I use my Travel Case everyday and for travel. Fits everything I need.
How cute is this Cross Town Clutch in Daydreaming in Dax? It's a great size if you are just our running errands or perfect for a date night. Love this print!
Please see below on how to get entered! Good luck!
Winner will be selected Thursday February 14th, 2013.
The Ultimate Valentine's Getaway Giveaway
Valentine's Day is just around the corner…
Are you ready for a night of romantic bliss with your special someone?
I've joined forces with some amazing bloggers and we'd like to give you an opportunity to make this Valentine's Day UNFORGETTABLE!
Are you jumping up and down yet? Because you should be!!
One lucky winner will get to pick a hotel of their choice for a one-night romantic stay on US! You choose the date AND we'll book both the hotel AND a couples' massage for the two of you. On top of that, you'll have spending money to go out to dinner, hit up a movie, OR stay in your room and order food in! All the things you WANT do during a "get-away"… but usually can't afford to! On top of ALL of this, the winner will receive a DARLING "certificate" to present to your significant other… letting him/her know you WON!! We want to take care of YOU for a change! A break from the every day NORM! We want this Valentine's Day to knock your socks off… literally!
FINE PRINT: Winner will be sent an informational PDF with all the details. Overnight stay will need to be between March 2013-November 2013. Once booked, the date cannot be changed. We will work closely with the winner to match them up to one of the best hotel & masseuse in their city!
It is time to get your CLICK on & follow all of the blogs who made this giveaway possible. One word: PINTEREST!!! ALL of these talented bloggers have their own Pinterest boards and if you're not following them, you are missing out!!
There are just TWO {2} steps to enter the giveaway!
#1) Click on each image below to follow each fabulous blogger on Pinterest! {Once you are on their Pinterest Page – make sure to click the red "Follow All" button for each Page.}
#2) And THEN, fill out the form below. Voila, you're done!!
When you put in your info make sure you only enter ONCE because this form is shared on all of the participating sites.
Good Luck!!!
*This promotion is in no way sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with, Pinterest. We hereby release Pinterest of any liability. Giveaway starts Friday, February 1st at 5:00 am PST and ends Friday, February 8th at midnight PST. Once the giveaway ends, the lucky winner will be chosen using Random.org and contacted within 24 hours by email. This post will be updated with winner's name once we've heard back. Winner will need to respond within 48 hours to claim their prize or another winner will be chosen. Open to U.S. residents only.
So beyond excited to share this Valentine's Day inspired Giveaway of Stella & Dot jewelry! As some of you know I am a "stylist" with Stella & Dot to fill my obsession with jewelry. I have so much fun sharing their pieces with you on Instagram Make sure you see below for a giveaway, 5 winners!
I am thrilled to show you Stella and Dot's gorgeous new Spring/Summer Collection. It's bright and completely gorgeous. Now ladies, start a wishlist and give that list to your sweet husband so he knows just what to get you for Valentine's Day!
One of my favorite new pieces of the new collection is this gorgeous green statement necklace called the "Jolie" for $89.
Another favorite of mine is the Gilded Arrow Bangle for $39. It's so dainty and looks great on. You can see the two photos right below to see how it looks with other bracelets.
Here's a stack that I put together with the new collection. From left to right you have the Julep Bangle in Green, $19, the Christina Bracelet, $49,the Gilded Arrow Bangle, $39, the Julep Bangle in Ivory, $19 and one piece of the Devi Bangles (currently not available).
Another variation of some of the same bracelets plus the vibrant blue leather wrap called the Hudson Leather Wrap for $39. Love these together!
Another favorite of the new collection is this gorgeous Fiona Bib necklace, $118. Looks so pretty on and can be dressed up or so cute with a t-shirt and jeans.
Completely in love with this new Kimberly Necklace, $89. I wear it with so many outfits. I highly recommend this one
This might quite possibly be the most perfect necklace ever! It's called the Spring Awakening Necklace, $138. The fun bright colors are stunning. This looks so great with stripes, polka dots and prints.
The rings are so fun in the new collection and at a great price. This Mary-Margaret Stone ring is $39, is bright and perfect for Spring and Summer.
Oh for the love of these chandelier earrings! How gorgeous are they? Seychelles Chandeliers, $44. I must say they are stunning in person.
5 Winners will be chosen:
Winner #1 wins the Jolie Necklace, $89
Winner #2 will win the Christina Bracelet, $49
Winner #3 will win the Gilded Arrow bangle, $39
Winner #4 will win the Hope Bracelet, $32
Winner #5 will win the Love Bracelet, $19
Contest now Closed. Winners have been Notified.
Here's How To Enter:
1. Tell us in a comment, Do you prefer to wear bracelets, necklaces, earrings, or rings? ….or all of them
For additional entries:
2. Purchase any piece of jewelry from my site. (You get 5 entries for this. Leave 5 separate comments for this)
3. Join me on Facebook, follow me on twitter, Pinterest and subscribe to Picky Palate via email. (Leave 4 separate comments for these)
4. Tweet the following: Come enter a Valentine's Day Stella and Dot Giveaway and Trunk show over @pickypalate http://picky-palate.com/?p=25898 (leave a separate comment for this)
5. Share this giveaway on your Facebook Page with this link: http://picky-palate.com/?p=25898 (leave a separate comment for this)
6. Giveaway ends February 5th, 8pm PST. Winners will be selected via Random.org and will be notified by email. Winners will have 48 hours to return my email to claim their prize. Giveaway provided by myself.
I absolutely LOVE being a Stella and Dot Stylist, if you love this gorgeous jewelry and think it would be fun sharing with your friends, please email me and I'll tell you all about it. I've had the best time.


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"Dr. Loeser and staff was wonderful. my experience was fabulous! I know that sounds strange considering the circumstances (wisdom tooth, YUCK), but the whole staff, from beginning to ..."
"Both of my children had to have their wisdom teeth cut out, and this is where we came. Dr. Crowley and his staff were wonderful with them. They ..."


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Also Available at Barnes & Noble, Borders, Books A Million, Book Sense,
McGraw Hill, Powells and Everywhere Books Are Sold
Also Available at Barnes & Noble, Borders, Books A Million, Book Sense,
McGraw Hill, Powells and Everywhere Books Are Sold
To order a magic bracelet -- $5.00 for the first bracelet, $4.00 for additional bracelets. Your bracelet will ship within 5 - 10 days of receipt. We hope that you and your child find the Magic. ~ :o)
For address please email the author at firstname.lastname@example.com
(At this time we ship bracelets only in the USA and Canada.)
A tear-free approach to child separation blues—from the bestselling No Cry author a generation of parents have come to trust
Trusted parenting author Elizabeth Pantley brings you another winning no-cry formula that helps you solve these common separation issues. Pantley helps you identify the source of anxiety and offers simple but proven solutions.
In this exciting addition to the series, she ingeniously includes a free "magic" bracelet inside the book as a special tool for children to feel close to their parents—even when they're not together. This successful method gives anxious children something to remind them their parents aren't too far away—instantly providing them with the comfort and reassurance they need
Here's what the professionals have to say about The No-Cry Separation Anxiety Solution
"In The No-Cry Separation Anxiety Solution, Elizabeth Pantley teaches us the difference between love-based separation anxiety and anxiety that stems from fear. She leaves us knowing that most childhood experiences are healthy, natural stops on the path of development. Through wisdom and many pointers, Elizabeth Pantley will provide a generation with an easier and happier journey through childhood – while also soothing the worry and guilt most parents feel. I'm grateful for this resource – and can't imagine raising another child without it."
~ Gavin de Becker, Bestselling Author
The Gift of Fear and Protecting the Gift
"Pantley has replaced the angst of separation anxiety with solid practical tips and empathy for both child and parent. Her magical solutions are remarkably easy to implement and result in calm and happy separations for all."
Kathy Lynn, President
Parenting Today
'The No-Cry Separation Anxiety Solution' is the perfect read for parents. Not only does Elizabeth Pantley examine and explain separation anxiety, she also provides specific instructions and solutions to help you and your child overcome these challenging moments. Let her imaginative 'Magic Bracelet' work its wonder with your child.
Azmina Hansraj, teacher and editor
www.baby-mates.com <http://www.baby-mates.com>
London, United Kingdom
"Sound, practical advice from America's expert on gentle, thoughtful parenting. Elizabeth Pantley gives many solutions to the rarely discussed problem of separation anxiety. There is something in this book for every family, no matter what your parenting style."
Robin Elise Weiss, LCCE
Author of many books for parents, including The Complete Illustrated Pregnancy Companion


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STARmeterSEE RANK
Down 9,722 this week
Manou Lubowski
Manou Lubowski was born on November 6, 1969 in Munich, Germany. He is an actor, known for Verbotene Liebe (1995), Coast Guard (1997) and The Hunt for the Hidden Relic (2002). He was previously married to Naike Rivelli. See full bio »
Born:in Munich, Germany
More at IMDbPro » Contact Info: View agent
Represent Manou Lubowski? Add or change photos


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Pat Kingsley Finally Talks: Tom Cruise, Scientology and What She's Doing Now
Hollywood's once-most-feared woman opens up for the first time about being fired by Cruise (and the role Scientology played in their split), why she had to fire her longtime business partner Leslee Dart and her "selfish" life following an unprecedented, astonishing career.
Kingsley sits back in her somewhat spartan living room, and I take in the surroundings.
There's an old-fashioned beige carpet and chintz-covered couch, a glass-and-aluminum table, bookshelves and a couple of black leather chairs; but nothing -- no posters or pictures -- to show she once handled such stars as Cruise, Al Pacino and Will Smith. All that is gone, and there's little hint of the power she once wielded.
But there's much to indicate this person likes order. The chairs are arranged precisely at a right angle to the sofa, without a cushion out of place, and even the books are so carefully aligned that none protrudes an inch from the rest.
It is here that Kingsley spends much of her time. She gets up around 7:30 or 8 a.m., makes breakfast and does a little exercise. Then she switches on CNN ("I want the news, not opinions"), watches that and sports but relatively little entertainment: "I like Bill Maher, I like The Good Wife, I like Downton Abbey -- I can't wait for the new season! But I try not to watch series -- I don't want to get hung up." (She also likes Mad Men but didn't watch Breaking Bad.)
She reads the Los Angeles Times and The New York Times and consumes articles on her beloved iPad. Other than Vanity Fair, there are no magazines she follows regularly, a contrast to her working life. "I read a lot of op-ed pieces, articles from the Washington Post and these long AP pieces that bring me up to speed with certain countries," she says.
She also reads books, but fewer than in the past -- Philip Roth's The Humbling and Chris Matthews' biography of JFK, one of her heroes (along with Adlai Stevenson, Mikhail Gorbachev and Ted Turner). She remembers her shock at Kennedy's death, which left her so upset she went home and didn't emerge for four days.
She has a Facebook page, but only to keep in touch with family; doesn't use Twitter; and seems uninterested in the celebrity culture of today. Indeed, when asked how she might handle Justin Bieber, she mistakes him for Justin Timberlake, then laughs with pleasure when she realizes her error. "My daughter," she exclaims. "I got her tickets to see [Timberlake] last night, and she was so excited!"
She has lunch most days with her son-in-law, who works from an office in this house (his wife, Janis, 45, is a psychologist); occasionally gets together with former colleagues Jennifer Allen, Melissa Kates, Catherine Olim and Heidi Schaeffer; spends one or two afternoons a week with her grandson, Ethan, 10; and loves sports -- she's a fan of the NFL's New England Patriots and tennis great Roger Federer.
She remains fascinated by politics and once thought she might have a career in Washington after helping Democratic presidential candidate Michael Dukakis: "He said he would find a place for me, and I would have gone. But I was still an idealist then. Now I'm a realist." She laughs once again -- something she does often and infectiously. Then she adds that she likes President Obama but "less than I did. I was actually for Hillary. But I'm still a Democrat."
She doesn't see that much of her former clients (Foster and Lily Tomlin are exceptions), nor does she ever go to premieres, which she hated at the best of times. But she says she doesn't get lonely. "I don't even get lonesome," she insists.
It pains her that her health is in decline: last year, she says, she suffered a TIA (a transient ischemic attack, or mini-stroke) and discovered she has atrial fibrillation. She would love to overcome that but can't, and she's impressively stoic about it: "I am not going to get rid of fibrillation, but I would like to feel better. I am not used to being sick. I am not used to having health problems. But at my age, I don't know what you do about that. It's hard to get better if you're 81."
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The Washington Post this winter confirmed again what we at Wheaton College already know: Ted Nesi '07 rocks as a reporter. He made the newspaper's "2015 list of best state political reporters."
Nesi, who majored in political science at Wheaton, covers politics and the economy in and around Rhode Island at WPRI-TV. This semester he is teaching "Journalism" at Wheaton as a visiting instructor of English. [Read more...]


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THE GREAT TEXAS WIND RUSH: How George Bush, Ann Richards, and a Bunch of Tinkerers Helped the Oil and Gas State Win the Race to Wind Power. By Kate Galbraith and Asher Price. University of Texas Press. $24.95.
Millions of people are asking how or if the country can transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. Ironically, Texas is leading the way in actually doing it.
In "The Great Texas Wind Rush," Kate Galbraith and Asher Price tell the strange, inspiring and, at times, funny story of how a culture known for Big Oil came to embrace Big Wind.
The tale begins in the late 1970s when a father-and-son team began to build new turbines, and by 1981, the second wind farm in the nation went up in northwest Texas. Thirty years and various disasters, backroom deals and fits of inspiration later, Texas had eclipsed California and every other state to become by far the biggest wind energy producer.
Galbraith and Price understand the wonky side of energy policy, but they also know how to tell a story. The backdrops include Austin's Armadillo World Headquarters (a legendary nightclub), a small-town preacher who wanted to power his church with wind and dry Texas humor.
When a national environmental group asked about the risks that turbines might pose to coastal migratory birds, one wind booster replied that the birds would get smarter over time and that the giant blades could also be "the first line of defense against avian flu." The environmentalists reportedly were not amused.
Green groups played an important role in helping Texans embrace wind power, but in many ways the book turns the typical environmental narrative upside down.
Instead of motivating people with doom-and-gloom stories of global warming, the authors make the case that an old-fashioned desire to make money helped propel the boom. Oil and natural gas lie below the ground and wind howls above, but to some businessmen and landowners, they're just two different opportunities to exploit.
For example, former Enron CEO Kenneth Lay and then Texas Gov. George Bush play roles in committing the state to renewable energy.
"The Great Texas Wind Rush" is inspiring but not sugarcoated. The authors note that wind energy has boom-and-bust cycles just like fossil fuels, and that change doesn't come without problems.
A huge transmission line project that cost almost $7 billion has angered some consumers, who paid for it through utility bills. Designers and crews struggled with windless days, turbines that collapsed and exploded in flames, plagues of fire ants and rattlesnakes and a monster inland storm whose winds reached 163 mph.
But by 2012, Texas was generating about 9 percent of its electricity from wind, and its turbines had more than double the wind capacity of California, and 100 times that of Massachusetts. When the wind really blows, the Texas figure can rise to 20 percent, and even more giant wind farms are being built.
"The Great Texas Wind Rush" is a thoughtful, valuable story for anyone who cares about renewable energy or climate change, because while many people protest the impact of nuclear power, coal power and natural gas fracking, in the end, that's not enough.
Vast new sources of power actually have to be built. That won't be cheap, easy or quick, but "The Great Texas Wind Rush" suggests that over the long haul, it's possible.
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Big changes coming to MIT FamilyNet
Starting Wednesday April 4th MIT FamilyNet is moving to Big Tent, a complete, one-stop-shop online community. Through online services provided by BigTent (www.bigtent.com), our group will have many of the same features as FamilyNet (but fewer bugs), such as our own buy/sell/trade board, reviews, file and photo sharing, forums, and other features that will help us make connections both online and offline.
We are making this switch to BigTent for two key reasons: to make sure we have sustainable technology supporting our group now and in the future, and to bring spouses&partners@mit and FamilyNet members into one online community. BigTent has a very strict privacy policy and does not sell, rent or give user information to ANY third parties.
How it works: All members will receive an email invitation from MIT FamilyNet/BigTent on Wednesday April 4th. Simply follow the easy instructions in the invitation. Our goal is to have all online activities completely transferred to BigTent by April 11th.
If you had a babysitting profile on MIT FamilyNet and you are still interested in babysitting for MIT families, please contact me directly about getting your information onto the Big Tent site.
If you have any questions about this switch, please contact Jennifer Recklet Tassi at email@example.com or 617-253-1614. For more information about BigTent, go to www.bigtent.com.
We look forward to welcoming you to MIT FamilyNet's new online group destination soon!
Toddler yoga at Eastgate
What: Caretaker/Toddler Yoga Class for ages 1-3 (walkers) at MIT
Where: Eastgate Penthouse
Frequency: 7 classes total: every Wednesday between April 11th to May 23rd
When: Wednesday from 6:00 pm to 7:00 pm
Cost: $56 for the 7 classes
Info: Toddler Yoga will be on Wednesdays from 6:00pm-7:00pm! We will learn child-friendly yoga poses, songs, breathing exercises and calming techniques that can be used at home. Also, yogis will learn about CIRCUS YOGA (juggling, walking of balance beams, etc.)!
RSVP: Send an email to Remi Ham. There is room for up to 20 toddlers, so please let us know as soon as possible if you would like a place.
Boston Babywearers at MIT - April 11
April 11, 2012 10:00a–12:00p
Baby Wearers carry their babies around in fabric carriers, providing a safe and hands-free way of transporting infants. At this gathering, members guide parents through informal demonstrations of a variety of carriers. Licensed babywearing experts assist in the proper ways to use a sling, wrap or pouch. Members also bring a lending library so that people can try out different carriers before buying - it's free! (Please bring cash or check for 50% deposit, refunded upon return of carrier.) Significant others, older kids, prospective parents and all those interested in babywearing are welcome at all events. You can find out more at http://www.bostonbabywearers.com/
We are beginning a new format for our meetings and will now focus on a discussion topic each month, instead of our usual BW101 talk. Please check our website to see the theme for the meeting you are attending. Don't worry, if you are new to BW or have a specific question outside our discussion topic, we are still happy to help. We will also have our BW101 presentation available online and to watch on screen during the meeting for those interested.
New Schedule for meetings:
9:45-10 am Return borrowed carriers
10 am Meeting begins with Leaders Introductions
10-11 am Q&A/trying out with small groups for each style of carrier (as we usually do)
11-11:30 am Discussion/Presentation on month's topic
11:30-12 pm Library check outs, continued discussion and Q&A as needed
For more information:
Contact Jennifer Recklet Tassi
MIT Kids Clothing & Toy Exchange - April 19
April 19, 2012 10:00a–1:00p
32-TSMC Lobby Stata Center 1st floor
The MIT community is invited to participate in our seasonal clothing and toy exchange. Please bring your clean, gently used kids clothing, outerwear, or shoes and toys for children ages 0-5. Items will be organized by gender and size so you can quickly find what you need for your growing little ones. DROP-OFF will be from 10 - 11. EXCHANGE will start at 11. You do not need to bring clothes to participate. A few volunteers are needed to assist in setting up and organizing clothes. Please email email@example.com if you are interested or have questions.
This event is co-sponsored with Choose to Reuse, a monthly event organized by Working Green Committee, Sustainability@MIT, and the Department of Facilities. Every third Thursday, share stuff you don't need any more. Bring reusable items between 8:00 and 11:00 AM to the big white lobby in the Stata Center at the corner of Main and Vassar Streets. Pick up starts at 11:00 AM and continues until 1:00 PM. All leftover items are donated or recycled.
Cambridge Center for Families - Upcoming programs for March and April 2012
The Center for Families offers many programs and activities for families of children ages 0-8 living in Cambridge.
All are free and open to the public. Some require that you sign-up in advance due to limited space.
Here are some highlights of events going on for March/April:
** Music for Parents and their Toddlers & Pre-Schoolers - Tuesday, March 13, from 10-11am, The Gately Youth Center (behind Peabody School)
Come with your Toddlers & Pre-Schoolers and learn with Vicky, a music specialist, about musical activities that help in your child's development. All languages are welcome!
Please register with Christine Doucet in order to participate to this workshop email@example.com or 617-349-3003
** It's time to sign up for Spring Community Playgroups!
--What are Cambridge Community Playgroups?
Cambridge Community Playgroups are 8 week playgroups for children, moms, dads, or caregivers to attend together. Playgroups provide activities that help children learn and experience being part of a group. There are two Tiny Tots groups for children 15-23 months, and four groups for children 2-5 years.
--How do I sign up?
Just fill out the form that is attached and return it by Friday, March 16 as space is limited. Groups start April 2nd!
You can email it to: Jessi Smolow at firstname.lastname@example.com
You can mail it to: Center for Families, c/o DHSP, 51 Inman St., Cambridge, MA 02139.
You can fax it to 617-349-6386. **If you fax it, please call Jessi at 617-349-6327 or e-mail email@example.com to make sure it was received.
You can give it to anyone at the Center for Families at 70 Rindge Ave., or drop it off at the front desk of the Child Care Resource Center at 130 Bishop Allen Drive.
** Join us now on Facebook and Twitter!
-- Friend us on Facebook!
March Newcomer's Almanac
The March edition of the Newcomer's Almanac (a newsletter for newcomers to the United States) is now available to be downloaded from the ISchO website: http://web.mit.edu/scholars/. Topics include St. Patrick's Day, Summer Camps, and Americans' Weight Problem.
LEX Language Project : ISO host families - March OPEN CLUB invitation
Hello MIT families!
LEX Language Project is currently looking for local families to host our Japanese visitors during their Golden Week holidays (April 28th – May 5th). These visitors are either families or single persons and they are all members from the LEX program in Japan. The role of the host family is to share their day to day activities with our visitors and share in the exchange of cultures and languages. This is a great chance for you and your family to experience the benefits of an international exchange program and make lifelong friendships! So come join us and become a host family today!
LEX Language Project would like also to invite the MIT community to attend our next monthly OPEN CLUB meeting on Tuesday March 6th from 9:45 to 11:00AM.
Join in this non-traditional multilingual language learning club and familiarize your family with the rhythms and sounds of multiple languages. We have immersion-style activities such as games, song and dance. The club incorporates languages such as Spanish, German, French, English, Japanese, Korean and Mandarin…
LEX clubs are appropriate for people of all ages and provide a fun and supportive environment for parents and children to learn new languages together.
If you are interested in learning more about LEX programs or to visit a Tuesday morning club, feel free to contact us at 617-617-354-1140 or email to email@example.com.
You can also visit our website http://www.lexlrf.org/
Tuesday morning doesn't work with your schedule? Feel free to join us at one of our other clubs held throughout the same week:
Tuesday March 6th, 6:30-8PM
Saturday March 3rd, 11AM-12:30PM
All clubs are held at our main office located on 90 Sherman Street in North Cambridge.
- Nathalie
LEX America / Language Research Foundation
90 Sherman Street
Cambridge, MA 02140
Tel. 617 354-1140
Fax. 617 354-1150
MIT Playgroup Co-op : registration open for spring semester
If you are looking for a fun time for your toddler, please consider the MIT Co-op, which will meet on campus, at the Eastgate Penthouse, on Mondays from 9:15 to 11:30 am. This is a great time to have a structured, yet incredibly fun time with your little ones.
Our schedule typically involves:
Circle time (Singing, dancing, and story time)
Nutritious Snacks
Group Play
Clean up time
Good Bye Song
The suggested age range is 15 months (comfortably walking) – 3 years old. Admission is $25 per semester, which covers supply fees.
Our first co-op gathering will occur on March 5, 2012. Please express your interest by February 24, 2012, as our enrollment limit is 15 children.
To enroll your toddler or for further questions, email: email@example.com
Winter break Drop-in Playtime at Kids' Coop Cambridge
Looking for a fun indoor activity for your toddler or preschooler during the February vacation week? Kids' Cooperative Cambridge is
hosting two drop-in playgroups and open house during the February vacation week. We'd love to have you come and play with us and
learn more about our program.
When: 9:30am to 11:30am, Tuesday February 21st & Thursday February 23rd, 2012
Where: 52 Russell Street in Cambridge (Urban Promise, Church of the Nazarene)
Come spend a fun-filled morning with us right in Davis Square! Enjoy crafts, live music, and a place to get the sillies out! The drop-in
playgroup is open to kids ages 1 to 4 years with a caregiver.
- Sing-along
- Crafts
- Group activities
- Healthy snacks
Hope to see you there!
A suggested donation of $5/family will support the Kids' Coop Cambridge. Based in Davis Square, the Kids' Cooperative
Cambridge is a 100% parent-run cooperative playgroup for children aged 18 months to 4 years old that includes free imaginative play, music and stories, snack,
art/craft time and gross motor time. The Coop provides parents and caregivers an informal forum for sharing ideas on parenting young children, time to interact
with and meet other adults, as well as "kid free" personal time each week.
For more information, visit our website : http://kidscoopcambridge.com/about.html
If you have any questions, please contact:
Lantern Festival Party
Monday, Feb.27th, 7PM to 9PM*
Lobdell, Student Center 2nd Floor (W20-208)*
Event website**: *http://westgate.mit.edu/node/1297**
**Lantern and other artistic decorations; Cultural Chinese music;****
**All kinds of traditional Chinese cuisine;****
**Riddles (both Chinese and English versions) on lanterns with little prizes;****
**Traditional Chinese crafts.****
Registration will be open at 8:01PM, Tuesday, Feb.7th*
Please register at: https://westgate.mit.edu:444/registration/event.php.****
MIT certificate required.****
Sponsored by ARCADE.


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Episode Info
|DE (Sat. 1)
|Apr 13, 2008
|Apr 23, 2008
|Feb 20, 2009
Darby Stanchfield
As Shannon Gibbs
Anne-Marie Johnson
As Marine Col. Stacey Radcliffe
Cameron Goodman
As Maddie Tyler
Mark Totty
As Army Major Max Bourdais, Ret
Nick Spano
As Marine Sgt. Rudi Haas
Stelio Savante
As Danny Coyle
Brenna Radding
As Kelly Gibbs
Michael A. Shepperd
As Mailman
Mark Harmon
As Special Agent Leroy Jethro Gibbs
Michael Weatherly
As Special Agent Anthony "Tony" DiNozzo
Pauley Perrette
As Forensics Specialist Abby Sciuto
Sean Murray
As Special Agent Timothy "Tim" McGee
David McCallum
As Chief Medical Examiner Dr. Donald "Ducky" Mallard
Cote de Pablo
As Special Agent/Former Mossad Liaison Officer Ziva David
Lauren Holly
As Director Jenny Shepard
|• Creator
|Donald P. Bellisario  | Don McGill
|• Executive Producer
|Chas Floyd Johnson


text:
Originally written on Fox Sports | Last updated 10/4/12
Jimmy Haslam III won't spend his first days as owner of the Browns handing out pink slips. Haslam, whose $1 billion purchase of Cleveland's franchise is expected to be approved by NFL owners later this month, said Thursday through a team spokesman that he has no plans to make any personnel changes ''until after the year.'' At 0-4, the Browns are the only winless team in the AFC, leading to speculation that coach Pat Shurmur and his staff could be in trouble unless there's a turnaround. But during an interview with Fox Business, Haslam noted the Browns' youth - they're the league's youngest team - and said he believes the team is improving under Shurmur and team president Mike Holmgren. ''I don't think anybody thinks 0-4 (is acceptable) and certainly Mike Holmgren and Pat Shurmur don't think it is and we don't think it is,'' Haslam said in the interview. ''But we've got a young team. We're building. I think we're heading in the right direction. We don't officially own the team yet...
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A multiple-trench photosensor for use in a CMOS imager having an improved charge capacity. The multi-trench photosensor may be either a photogate or photodiode structure. The multi-trench photosensor provides the photosensitive element with an increased surface area compared to a flat photosensor occupying a comparable area on a substrate. The multi-trench photosensor also exhibits a higher charge capacity, improved dynamic range, and a better signal-to-noise ratio. Also disclosed are processes for forming the multi-trench photosensor.
1. A pixel sensor cell for use in an imaging device, said pixel sensor cell comprising:
a plurality of trench photosensors formed in a doped layer of a first conductivity type of a substrate;
a reset transistor formed in said doped layer and
a floating diffusion region of a second conductivity type formed in said doped layer between said plurality of trench photosensors and the reset transistor for receiving charges from said plurality of trench photosensors, said reset transistor operating to periodically reset a charge level of said floating diffusion region; and
an output transistor having a gate electrically connected to the floating diffusion region.
2. The pixel sensor cell of
3. The pixel sensor cell of
4. The pixel sensor cell of
5. The pixel sensor cell of
6. The pixel sensor cell of
7. The pixel sensor cell of
This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/424,807, filed on Apr. 29, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,730,980, which in turn is a divisional U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/650,432, filed on Aug. 28, 2000 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,611,037. Both of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to improved semiconductor imaging devices and in particular to a silicon imaging device which can be fabricated using a standard CMOS process. Particularly, the invention relates to a multi-trench region for accumulation of photo-generated charge in a CMOS imager.
2. Discussion of Related Art
There are a number of different types of semiconductor-based imagers, including charge coupled devices (CCDs), photodiode arrays, charge injection devices and hybrid focal plane arrays. CCDs are often employed for image acquisition and enjoy a number of advantages which makes it the incumbent technology, particularly for small size imaging applications. CCDs are also capable of large formats with small pixel size and they employ low noise charge domain processing techniques. However, CCD imagers also suffer from a number of disadvantages. For example, they are susceptible to radiation damage, they exhibit destructive read out over time, they require good light shielding to avoid image smear and they have a high power dissipation for large arrays. Additionally, while offering high performance, CCD arrays are difficult to integrate with CMOS processing in part due to a different processing technology and to their high capacitances, complicating the integration of on-chip drive and signal processing electronics with the CCD array. While there has been some attempts to integrate on-chip signal processing with the CCD array, these attempts have not been entirely successful. CCDs also must transfer an image by line charge transfers from pixel to pixel, requiring that the entire array be read out into a memory before individual pixels or groups of pixels can be accessed and processed. This takes time. CCDs may also suffer from incomplete charge transfer from pixel to pixel during charge transfer which also results in image smear.
Because of the inherent limitations in CCD technology, there is an interest in CMOS imagers for possible use as low cost imaging devices. A filly compatible CMOS sensor technology enabling a higher level of integration of an image array with associated processing circuits would be beneficial to many digital applications such as, for example, in cameras, scanners, machine vision systems, vehicle navigation systems, video telephones, computer input devices, surveillance systems, auto focus systems, star trackers, motion detection systems, image stabilization systems and data compression systems for high-definition television.
The advantages of CMOS imagers over CCD imagers are that CMOS imagers have a low voltage operation and low power consumption; CMOS imagers are compatible with integrated on-chip electronics (control logic and timing, image processing, and signal conditioning such as A/D conversion); CMOS imagers allow random access to the image data; and CMOS imagers have lower fabrication costs as compared with the conventional CCD since standard CMOS processing techniques can be used. Additionally, low power consumption is achieved for CMOS imagers because only one row of pixels at a time needs to be active during the readout and there is no charge transfer (and associated switching) from pixel to pixel during image acquisition. On-chip integration of electronics is particularly advantageous because of the potential to perform many signal conditioning functions in the digital domain (versus analog signal processing) as well as to achieve a reduction in system size and cost.
A CMOS imager circuit includes a focal plane array of pixel cells, each one of the cells including either a photogate, a photodiode, or a photoconductor overlying a substrate for accumulating photo-generated charge in the underlying portion of the substrate. A readout circuit is connected to each pixel cell and includes at least an output field effect transistor formed in the substrate and a charge transfer section formed on the substrate adjacent the photogate, photodiode, or the photoconductor having a sensing node, typically a floating diffusion node, connected to the gate of an output transistor. The imager may include at least one electronic device such as a transistor for transferring charge from the underlying portion of the substrate to the floating diffusion node and one device, also typically a transistor, for resetting the node to a predetermined charge level prior to charge transference.
In a CMOS imager, the active elements of a pixel cell perform the necessary functions of: (1) photon to charge conversion; (2) accumulation of image charge; (3) transfer of charge to the floating diffusion node accompanied by charge amplification; (4) resetting the floating diffusion node to a known state before the transfer of charge to it; (5) selection of a pixel for readout; and (6) output and amplification of a signal representing pixel charge. Photo charge may be amplified when it moves from the initial charge accumulation region to the floating diffusion node. The charge at the floating diffusion node is typically converted to a pixel output voltage by a source follower output transistor. The photosensitive element of a CMOS imager pixel is typically either a depleted p-n junction photodiode or a field induced depletion region beneath a photogate or a photoconductor. For photodiodes, image lag can be eliminated by completely depleting the photodiode upon readout.
CMOS imagers of the type discussed above are generally known as discussed, for example, in Nixon et al., "256�256 CMOS Active Pixel Sensor Camera-on-a-Chip," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 31(12) pp. 2046-2050, 1996; Mendis et al, "CMOS Active Pixel Image Sensors," IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 41(3) pp. 452-453, 1994 as well as U.S. Pat. No. 5,708,263 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,471,515, which are herein incorporated by reference.
To provide context for the invention, an exemplary CMOS imaging circuit is described below with reference to FIG. 1. The circuit described below, for example, includes a photogate for accumulating photo-generated charge in an underlying portion of the substrate. It should be understood that the CMOS imager may include a photodiode or other image to charge converting device, in lieu of a photogate, as the initial accumulator for photo-generated charge.
Reference is now made to
The photodetector circuit 14 is shown in part as a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor substrate 16 typically of a p-type silicon, having a surface well of p-type material 20. An optional layer 18 of p-type material may be used if desired, but is not required. Substrate 16 may be formed of, for example, Si, SiGe, Ge, and GaAs. Typically the entire substrate 16 is p-type doped silicon substrate and may contain a surface p-well 20 (with layer 18 omitted), but many other options are possible, such as, for example p on p− substrates, p on p+substrates, p-wells in n-type substrates or the like. The terms wafer or substrate used in the description includes any semiconductor-based structure having an exposed surface in which to form the circuit structure used in the invention. Wafer and substrate are to be understood as including, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology, silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology, doped and undoped semiconductors, epitaxial layers of silicon supported by a base semiconductor foundation, and other semiconductor structures. Furthermore, when reference is made to a wafer or substrate in the following description, previous process steps may have been utilized to form regions/junctions in the base semiconductor structure or foundation.
An insulating layer 22 such as, for example, silicon dioxide is formed on the upper surface of p-well 20. The p-type layer may be a p-well formed in substrate 16. A photogate 24 thin enough to pass radiant energy or of a material which passes radiant energy is formed on the insulating layer 22. The photogate 24 receives an applied control signal PG which causes the initial accumulation of pixel charges in n+ region 26. The n+ type region 26, adjacent one side of photogate 24, is formed in the upper surface of p-well 20. A transfer gate 28 is formed on insulating layer 22 between n+ type region 26 and a second n+ type region 30 formed in p-well 20. The n+regions 26 and 30 and transfer gate 28 form a charge transfer transistor 29 which is controlled by a transfer signal TX. The n+ region 30 is typically called a floating diffusion region. It is also a node for passing charge accumulated thereat to the gate of a source follower transistor 36 described below. A reset gate 32 is also formed on insulating layer 22 adjacent and between n+ type region 30 and another n+ region 34 which is also formed in p-well 20. The reset gate 32 and n+ regions 30 and 34 form a reset transistor 31 which is controlled by a reset signal RST. The n+ type region 34 is coupled to voltage source VDD. The transfer and reset transistors 29, 31 are n-channel transistors as described in this implementation of a CMOS imager circuit in a p-well. It should be understood that it is possible to implement a CMOS imager in an n-well in which case each of the transistors would be p-channel transistors. It should also be noted that while
Photodetector circuit 14 also includes two additional n-channel transistors, source follower transistor 36 and row select transistor 38. Transistors 36, 38 are coupled in series, source to drain, with the source of transistor 36 also coupled over lead 40 to voltage source VDD and the drain of transistor 38 coupled to a lead 42. The gate of transistor 36 is coupled over lead 44 to n+ region 30. The drain of row select transistor 38 is connected via conductor 42 to the drains of similar row select transistors for other pixels in a given pixel row. A load transistor 39 is also coupled between the drain of transistor 38 and a voltage source VSS. Transistor 39 is kept on by a signal VLN applied to its gate.
The imager includes a readout circuit 60 which includes a signal sample and hold (S/H) circuit including a S/H n-channel field effect transistor 62 and a signal storage capacitor 64 connected to the source follower transistor 36 through row transistor 38. The other side of the capacitor 64 is connected to a source voltage VSS. The upper side of the capacitor 64 is also connected to the gate of a p-channel output transistor 66. The drain of the output transistor 66 is connected through a column select transistor 68 to a signal sample output node VOUTS and through a load transistor 70 to the voltage supply VDD. A signal called "signal sample and hold" (SHS) briefly turns on the S/H transistor 62 after the charge accumulated beneath the photogate electrode 24 has been transferred to the floating diffusion node 30 and from there to the source follower transistor 36 and through row select transistor 38 to line 42, so that the capacitor 64 stores a voltage representing the amount of charge previously accumulated beneath the photogate electrode 24.
The readout circuit 60 also includes a reset sample and hold (S/H) circuit including a S/H transistor 72 and a signal storage capacitor 74 connected through the S/H transistor 72 and through the row select transistor 38 to the source of the source follower transistor 36. The other side of the capacitor 74 is connected to the source voltage VSS. The upper side of the capacitor 74 is also connected to the gate of a p-channel output transistor 76. The drain of the output transistor 76 is connected through a p-channel column select transistor 78 to a reset sample output node VOUTR and through a load transistor 80 to the supply voltage VDD. A signal called "reset sample and hold" (SHR) briefly turns on the S/H transistor 72 immediately after the reset signal RST has caused reset transistor 31 to turn on and reset the potential of the floating diffusion node 30, so that the capacitor 74 stores the voltage to which the floating diffusion node 30 has been reset.
The readout circuit 60 provides correlated sampling of the potential of the floating diffusion node 30, first of the reset charge applied to node 30 by reset transistor 31 and then of the stored charge from the photogate 24. The two samplings of the diffusion node 30 charges produce respective output voltages VOUTR and VOUTS of the readout circuit 60. These voltages are then subtracted (VOUTS-VOUTR) by subtractor 82 to provide an output signal terminal 81 which is an image signal independent of pixel to pixel variations caused by fabrication variations in the reset voltage transistor 31 which might cause pixel to pixel variations in the output signal.
The operation of the charge collection of the CMOS imager is known in the art and is described in several publications such as Mendis et al., "Progress in CMOS Active Pixel Image Sensors," SPIE Vol. 2172, pp. 19-29 1994; Mendis et al., "CMOS Active Pixel Image Sensors for Highly Integrated Imaging Systems," IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, Vol. 32(2), 1997; and Eric R, Fossum, "CMOS Image Sensors: Electronic Camera on a Chip, IEDM Vol. 95 pages 17-25 (1995) as well as other publications. These references are incorporated herein by reference.
The second doped region 126 transfers charge collected by the photogate 142 and it serves as the source for the transfer transistor 128. The transfer transistor 128 includes a transfer gate 139 formed over a gate oxide layer 140. The transfer gate 139 has insulating spacers 149 formed on its sides.
The third doped region 115 is the floating diffusion region and is connected to a gate 136 of a source follower transistor by contact lines 125, 127, 129 which are typically metal contact lines as described in more detail below. The imager 100 typically includes a highly n+ doped region 120 within n-doped region 115 under the floating diffusion region contact 125 which provides good ohmic contact of the contact 125 with the n-doped region 115. The floating diffusion contact 125 connects n+region 120 of the floating diffusion region with the gate 136 of the source follower transistor. In other embodiments of the prior art, the entire region 115 may be doped n+thereby eliminating the need for n+region 120.
The source and drain regions of the source follower transistor are not seen in
Typically, the layer 135 must be etched with a selective dry etch process prior to depositing the tungsten plug connector 125. The imager 100 also includes a source follower contact 127 formed in layer 135 in a similar fashion to floating diffusion contact 125. Source follower contact 127 is also usually formed of a tungsten plug typically a Ti/TiN/W metallization stack. The floating diffusion contact 125 and the source follower contact 127 are connected by a metal layer 129 formed over layer 135. Typically metal layer 129 is formed of aluminum, copper or any other metal.
Separating the source follower transistor gate 136 and the floating diffusion region 115 is a field oxide layer 132, which serves to surround and isolate the cells. The field oxide 132 may be formed by thermal oxidation of the substrate or in the Local Oxidation of Silicon (LOCOS) or by the Shallow Trench Isolation (STI) process which involves the chemical vapor deposition of an oxide material.
It should be understood that while
There are drawbacks, however, with prior CMOS imagers. Prior CMOS pixel photosensors suffer dynamic range and charge capacity limitations, and undesirably low signal-to-noise ratios. Attempts to increase charge capacity and improve signal-to-noise ratios have typically focused on using photogate photosensors instead of photodiodes, adding transfer gate stacks to enhance charge transfer, and increasing the size of the photosensor. These methods add process complexity, may limit the use of advantageous features such as silicided gates, and may result in increased pixel cell sizes, thereby reducing pixel array densities.
There is a need, therefore, for an improved photosensor for use in an image that exhibits improved dynamic range, a better signal-to-noise ratio, and improved charge capacity for longer integration times.
The present invention provides a CMOS imager having a multiple trench photosensor formed in a doped semiconductor substrate for use in a pixel sensor cell. Each trench comprises a doped region on the sides and bottom, with a conductive layer formed over the doped region. For a photogate-type photosensor, a dielectric layer is preferably formed on the sides and bottom of each trench prior to forming the conductive layer.
The multi-trench photosensor provides the photosensitive element with an increased surface area compared to a flat photosensor occupying a comparable area on a substrate. The multi-trench photosensor also exhibits a higher charge capacity, improved dynamic range, and a better signal-to-noise ratio.
The above and other advantages and features of the invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description which is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized, and that structural, logical and electrical changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The terms "wafer" and "substrate" are to be understood as including silicon-on-insulator (SOI) or silicon-on-sapphire (SOS) technology, doped and undoped semiconductors, epitaxial layers of silicon supported by a base semiconductor foundation, and other semiconductor structures. Furthermore, when reference is made to a "wafer" or "substrate" in the following description, previous process steps may have been utilized to form regions or junctions in the base semiconductor structure or foundation. In addition, the semiconductor need not be silicon-based, but could be based on silicon-germanium, germanium, or gallium arsenide.
The term "pixel" refers to a picture element unit cell containing a photosensor and transistors for converting electromagnetic radiation to an electrical signal. For purposes of illustration, a representative pixel is illustrated in the figures and description herein, and typically fabrication of all pixels in an imager will proceed simultaneously in a similar fashion. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
In accordance with the present invention, a multiple trench photosensor for use in a pixel sensor cell of a CMOS imager is provided. Each trench comprises a doped region on the sides and bottom, with a conductive layer formed over the doped region. The multi-trench photosensor provides the photosensitive element with an increased surface area compared to a flat photosensor occupying a comparable area on a substrate. The multi-trench photosensor also exhibits a higher charge capacity, improved dynamic range, and a better signal-to-noise ratio.
The invention is now described with reference to
The structure of the pixel cell 300 according to one embodiment is shown in more detail in FIG. 6. The pixel cell 300 may be formed in a substrate 316 having a doped layer or well 311 of a first conductivity type, which for exemplary purposes is treated as a p-type substrate. It should be understood that the CMOS imager of the present invention can also be fabricated using p-doped regions in an n-well. The doped layer 311 is provided with three doped regions 326, 330 and 334, which are doped to a second conductivity type, which for exemplary purposes is treated as n-type. The first doped region 326 is the photosite, and it underlies a conductive layer 340 of material transparent to radiant energy, such as polysilicon. The photosite 326 and conductive layer 340 together form a multi-trench photosensor 324 in accordance with the present invention. An insulating layer 328 of silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, ON (oxide-nitride), NO (nitride-oxide), ONO (oxide-nitride-oxide) or other suitable material is formed between the conductive layer 340 and the photosite 326. If a deposited insulating layer 328 is used (as opposed to a grown layer), it may extend over a pixel-isolating field region 350 on the opposite side of the photosensor 324 from the transfer gate 352 as illustrated. The second doped region 330 is the floating diffusion region, sometimes also referred to as a floating diffusion node, and it serves as the source for the reset transistor 354. The third doped region 334 is the drain of the reset transistor 354, and is also connected to voltage source VDD.
The multi-trench photosensor 324 of the present invention is manufactured through a process described as follows, and illustrated by
Next, the reset transistor gate stack 354 and an optional transfer gate stack 352 are formed. These include a silicon dioxide or silicon nitride insulator 356 on the doped layer 311, and a conductive layer 358 of doped polysilicon, tungsten, or other suitable material over the insulating layer 356. An insulating cap layer 360 of, for example, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, ON, NO, or ONO may be formed if desired; also a more conductive layer such as a silicide layer (not shown) may be used between the conductive layer 358 and the cap 360. Insulating sidewalls 362 are also formed on the sides of the gate stacks 352, 354. These sidewalls 362 may be formed of, for example, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, ON, NO or ONO.
As shown in
While the gate stacks may be formed after the trenches 370 a, 370 b are etched, for exemplary purposes and for convenience etching of the trenches is described as occurring subsequent to gate stack formation. The order of these preliminary process steps may be varied as is required or convenient for a particular process flow, for example, if a photogate sensor which overlaps the transfer gate is desired, the gate stacks must be formed before the photogate, but if a non-overlapping photogate is desired, the gate stacks are preferably formed after photogate formation. Similarly, fabrication of a photodiode photosensor is greatly simplified if the gate stacks are fabricated before the trench is etched.
In the next step of the process, illustrated in
The ion implantation of doped region 326 is preferably performed as a series of angled implants, typically four, to assure a more uniformly doped trench sidewall.
After formation of the first doped region 326, the resist 380 and mask are stripped, and a second resist and mask (not shown) are applied. Standard ion implantation is then performed to dope the second and third doped regions 330, 334. As shown in
Referring now to
As shown in
For the pixel cell 300 of the first embodiment, the photosensor 324 is essentially complete at this stage, and conventional processing methods may then be used to form contacts and wiring to connect gate lines and other connections in the pixel cell 300. For example, the entire surface may then be covered with a passivation layer of, e.g., silicon dioxide, BSG, PSG, or BPSG, which is CMP planarized and etched to provide contact holes, which are then metallized to provide contacts to the photogate, reset gate, and transfer gate. Conventional multiple layers of conductors and insulators may also be used to interconnect the structures in the manner shown in FIG. 1.
An alternative embodiment of the process is illustrated by FIG. 6 and
As shown in
Pixel arrays having the photosensors of the present invention, and described with reference to
A typical processor based system which includes a CMOS imager device according to the present invention is illustrated generally at 500 in
A processor based system, such as a computer system, for example generally comprises a central processing unit (CPU) 544, for example, a microprocessor, that communicates with an input/output (I/O) device 546 over a bus 552. The CMOS imager 542 also communicates with the system over bus 552. The computer system 500 also includes random access memory (RAM) 548, and, in the case of a computer system may include peripheral devices such as a floppy disk drive 554 and a compact disk (CD) ROM drive 556 which also communicate with CPU 544 over the bus 552. CMOS imager 542 is preferably constructed as an integrated circuit which includes pixels containing a photosensor such as a photogate or photodiode formed with multiple trenches, as previously described with respect to
As can be seen by the embodiments described herein, the present invention encompasses a photosensor such as a photogate or photodiode formed in multiple trenches. The multiple trench photosensor has an improved charge capacity due to the increase in surface area of the multiple trench photosensor compared to conventional flat photosensors.
It should be noted that although the invention has been described with specific reference to CMOS imaging circuits having a photogate and a floating diffusion region, the invention has broader applicability and may be used in any CMOS imaging apparatus. Similarly, the process described above is but one method of many that could be used. The above description and drawings illustrate preferred embodiments which achieve the objects, features and advantages of the present invention. Accordingly, the above description and accompanying drawings are only illustrative of preferred embodiments which can achieve the features and advantages of the present invention. It is not intended that the invention be limited to the embodiments shown and described in detail herein. The invention is only limited by the scope of the following claims.
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