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Office of Scientific and Technical Information
Microsoft Word - CX-Murray-CusterWoodPoles_WEB.doc
Broader source: Energy.gov (indexed) [DOE]
Covington SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Steve Scott Line Foreman III - TFNF-Snohomish Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at selected locations along the...
Microsoft Word - CX-RossDistrictWoodPolesFY13_WEB.doc
9, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Stacie Hensley Realty Specialist - TEP-TPP-4 Proposed Action: 2013 Ross District Wood Pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-Chehalis-CentraliaNo2WoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
0, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPROlympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: Wood pole structure replacements on...
Microsoft Word - CX-KalispellTLMDistrictFY11WoodPoleReplacement...
Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Cleareance Memorandum Michael Stolfus Lineman Foreman III - TFKF-Kalispell Kurt Marsh Lineman Foreman I - TFKF-Kalispell Proposed Action: Wood pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-BigEddy-RedmondWoodPoles_WEB.doc
1 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Celilo SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Darrell Aaby Line Foreman III - TFDF-Redmond Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements at select locations...
Microsoft Word - CX-FY11PascoDistrictWoodPoleReplacement_WEB...
1, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-PASCO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Toby Cossairt Lineman Foreman III - TFPF-PASCO Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor...
Microsoft Word - CX-CowlitzTaptoChehalis-CovingtonWoodPoles_WEB...
8, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Covington SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Clay Grande Line Foreman III - TFCF-Covington Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at...
Microsoft Word - CX-FY11WenatcheeDistrictWoodPoleReplacement...
4, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-PASCO SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Terry Kugler Lineman Foreman III - TFWF-SCHULTZ Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor...
Microsoft Word - CX-PilotButte-LaPine-WoodPoles-FY13_WEB.doc
3, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements on Bonneville Power...
Microsoft Word - CX-RedmondWoodPoles_multiSub_WEB.doc
5, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Celilo SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Darrell Aaby Line Foreman III - TFDF-Redmond Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement at selected...
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyDistrictWoodPoles-FY14_WEB.doc
8, 2014 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Stacey Hensley Project Manager - TEP-TPP-4 Proposed Action: 2014 Alvey District Wood Pole...
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)-treated wood poles and crossarms: Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) results
SciTech Connect (OSTI)
The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative database on leachable concentrations of pentachlorophenol (PCP) from a population of treated utility wood poles and crossarms as obtained by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). An ancillary objective was to carefully document a subsampling method in preparing wood samples for tests by the TCLP. Data obtained in this study indicate that PCP-treated utility wood poles and crossarms are non-hazardous. Measured concentrations of PCP and other organic compounds subject to TCLP analysis were an order of magnitude or more below TC limits in 47 samples of wood derived from three different sections of 13 utility wood poles and from 9 crossarms. Wedge shaped subsamples, removed from full cross sectional slices of poles and crossarms, were prepared according to EPA procedures, subjected to the TCLP, and resultant leachates analyzed for the presence of PCP. 4 refs., 3 figs., 10 tab.
Horn, M.E. (Environmental Management Services, Waupaca, WI (USA)); Holcombe, L.; Owens, J.B. (Radian Corp., Austin, TX (USA))
Microsoft Word - CX-NBendFY11WoodPolesWEND-TAHK_TAHK-RDSPT_WEB...
Line Foreman III - TFEP-North Bend Line Foreman I - TFEP-North Bend Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access road maintenance along the Wendson-Tahkenitch 1 and...
Microsoft Word - CX-ChemawaWoodPolesCT-KFG12-KOCFGT-FY12_WEB...
Chemawa District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2325 (Carlton-Tillamook 1, Keeler-Forest Grove 2, Keeler-Oregon City 2, Keeler-Forest Grove 1, Forest...
Microsoft Word - CX-Brasada-Harney-WoodPoles_FY13_WEB.doc
2, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Brasada-Harney No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement...
Microsoft Word - CX-Driscoll-NaselleWood PolesFY12_WEB.doc
2 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPAlvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: In-kind wood pole replacements as needed on...
Microsoft Word - CX-OregonCity-ChemawaWoodPolesFY12_WEB .docx
31, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum James Semrau Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Oregon City-Chemawa 2 Wood Pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-SpokaneDistrictWoodPoleReplacementsFY13_WEB...
1, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Amanda Williams Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: 2013 Spokane District Wood Pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-Redmond-PilotButte-WoodPoleFY12_WEB.doc
3, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Redmond-Pilot Butte No. 1 Wood Pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-NorthBendWoodPoles_FY13_WEB.docx
North Bend District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2658 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location:...
Microsoft Word - CX-Big Eddy-Redmond-WoodPolesFY13_WEB.doc
4, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Big Eddy-Redmond No. 1 Wood Pole...
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyDistWoodPoles_FY13_WEB.docx
Alvey District Wood Pole Replacement Projects PP&A Project No.: 2663 Categorical Exclusion Applied (from Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various...
Microsoft Word - CX-LaPine-ChiloquinWoodPoleFY12_WEB.doc
2 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: La Pine-Chiloquin No. 1 Wood Pole Replacement...
Microsoft Word - CX-PilotButte-LaPineWoodPoleFY12_WEB.docx
0, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Richard Heredia Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1 Proposed Action: Pilot Butte-La Pine No. 1 Wood Pole...
Creosote-treated wood poles and crossarms: Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) results
The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative database on leachable concentrations of cresols (i.e., m-, o- and p-cresol isomers) from a population of creosote-treated utility wood poles and crossarms by application of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The TCLP was promulgated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in March 1990 (55FR 11798). Data generated in this study indicate that creosote-treated utility poles and crossarms are non-hazardous. Measured concentrations of total cresols and other semi-volatile organic compounds, from wood subjected to TCLP analysis, were an order of magnitude or more below their current Toxicity Characteristic (TC) regulatory levels. The wood analyzed in this study consisted of 54 samples of wood poles and 6 crossarms. Subsamples, removed from full cross sectional slices of poles and crossarms, were prepared according to EPA procedures, subjected to the TCLP, and the resultant leachates analyzed for the presence of cresols and other semi-volatile compounds.
Horn, M.E. (Environmental Management Services, Waupaca, WI (United States)); Holcombe, L.; Owens, J.B. (Radian Corp., Austin, TX (United States))
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyDistrict_2011WoodPoles_No1957_WEB.doc
0, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-Alvey SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Nick Wenzl John Carter Line Foreman III-TFE-Alvey Line Foreman I-TFE-Alvey Proposed Action: Wood...
Wood Laminated Composite Louisiana Forest Product Lab
E-Print Network [OSTI]
Wood Laminated Composite Poles Cheng Piao Louisiana Forest Product Lab School of Renewable Natural, in accordance with CSA O15, ANSI 05 and many other international standards #12;Wood Laminated Composite Poles y, v z, w R r x, u #12;Why Wood Composite Poles · Sufficient strength · More cost-effective · Light
Categorical Exclusion for Wood Pole
at Structures 116 and 119 occurs on private land, measures 100 feet wide, and is centered on the transmission line. The corresponding U.S.G.S. topographic map is Oro Valley,...
The Asian Wood Pellet Markets
The Asian Wood Pellet Markets Joseph A. Roos and Allen M. Brackley United States Department Wood Pellet plant in North Pole, Alaska. Clockwise from upper left: pelleting machine; pellets bagged for home use; a Superior Pellet Fuels bag; inventory of product ready for shipment to retailers. Upper
Microsoft Word - CX-PascoDistrictPoleReplacement_FY13_WEB.docx
3 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPRPasco SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Greg Wilfong Lineman Foreman III - TFPF-PASCO Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor access...
Microsoft Word - CX-WenatcheeDistrictPoleReplacementFY13_WEB...
2, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPRPasco SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Joseph Lauer Lineman Foreman III - TFWF-SCHULTZ Proposed Action: Wood pole replacement and minor...
Microsoft Word - CX-PacificCoWAWoodPolesFY12_WEB.doc
6, 2012 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPROlympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOK-Chehalis Proposed Action: Wood pole replacements as needed on...
Keeler-Pennwalt Wood Pole Removal
Broader source: All U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office Webpages (Extended Search)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May JunDatastreamsmmcrcalgovInstrumentsruc DocumentationP-SeriesFlickrinformation forTechnologiesDialysisKbarconnections ppotlight
Magnet pole tips
DOE Patents [OSTI]
An improved magnet more easily provides a radially increasing magnetic field, as well as reduced fringe field and requires less power for a given field intensity. The subject invention comprises a pair of spaced, opposed magnetic poles which further comprise a pair of pole roots, each having a pole tip attached to its center. The pole tips define the gap between the magnetic poles and at least a portion of each pole tip is separated from its associated pole root. The separation begins at a predetermined distance from the center of the pole root and increases with increasing radial distance while being constant with azimuth within that portion. Magnets in accordance with the subject invention have been found to be particularly advantageous for use in large isochronous cyclotrons.
Thorn, C.E.; Chasman, C.; Baltz, A.J.
0-4085-P3 DATABASE FOR PREMATURE CONCRETE DETERIORATION Author: Kevin J. Folliard Project 0. This product presents the architecture for a database to collect relevant information on materials and mixture in developing and populating various materials- and structures-specific databases for both new concrete
Texas at Austin, University of
WoodChemistry Wood Degradation & Preservation
31 WoodChemistry Wood Degradation & Preservation Chemical Utilization of Wood Pulp & Paper and carbohydrates is of considerable interest in connection with a number of issues in wood chemistry, such as the reactions taking place during the formation of wood, the natural molecular weight distribution of lignin
Geldenhuys, Jaco
Wood Resources International
Wood Resources International Wood Raw Material Consumption on the Rise Despite Weak Global Economy UNECE Timber Committee Meeting October 7-8, 2003 Geneva, Switzerland H�kan Ekstr�m Wood Resources International #12;Wood Resources International Outline � Roundwood Removals � Roundwood Consumption � Raw
Pole pulling apparatus and method
An apparatus for removal of embedded utility-type poles which removes the poles quickly and efficiently from their embedded position without damage to the pole or surrounding structures. The apparatus includes at least 2 piston/cylinder members equally spaced about the pole, and a head member affixed to the top of each piston. Elongation of the piston induces rotation of the head into the pole to increase the gripping action and reduce slippage. Repeated actuation and retraction of the piston and head member will "jack" the pole from its embedded position.
McIntire, Gary L. (12 Honeybee La., Idaho Falls, ID 83402)
Single phase two pole/six pole motor
A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis.
Kirschbaum, Herbert S. (Asheville, NC)
A single phase alternating current two pole/six pole motor is provided with a main stator winding having six coils disposed unequally around the periphery of the machine. These coils are divided into two groups. When these groups are connected such that their magnetomotive forces are additive, two pole motor operation results. When the polarity of one of the groups is then reversed, six pole motor operation results. An auxiliary stator winding which is similar to the main stator winding is displaced from the main stator winding by 90 electrical degrees on a two pole basis. 12 figs.
Kirschbaum, H.S.
Wood biology We present investigations of wood
Wood biology We present investigations of wood formation which started in 1999. Samples for investigations are taken from living trees. Processes of wood formation are affected by different factors like temperature and precipitation. #12;We use light microscopy to study cell wall formation in the wood. Double
Cufar, Katarina
Wood Curriculum vitae 1 ERIC MATTHEW WOOD
Wood Curriculum vitae 1 ERIC MATTHEW WOOD Spatial Analysis for Conservation and Department/17/2014 Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of Wisconsin-Madison PUBLICATIONS Wood, E. M., A. M. Pidgeon, V. C community structure in U.S protected areas. Ecological Applications in press Wood, E. M., and A. M. Pidgeon
Mladenoff, David
FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF WOOD AND WOOD COMPOSITES DURING CRACK PROPAGATION Noah Matsumoto Structural, USA * Corresponding author: email@example.com SWST member #12;Fracture Toughness of Wood and Wood Composites During Crack Propagation ABSTRACT The mode I fracture toughness as a function of crack
Nairn, John A.
Microsoft Word - CX-VeraTap_WoodPoles_WEB.doc
10, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Erich Orth Project Manager - TEP-TPP-3 Proposed Action: Modify two structures along the Vera Tap...
Wood Quality: The Effects
Wood Quality: The Effects of Planting Density and Thinning Eini C. Lowell PNW Research Station wood quality? By volume, characteristic, product? #12;http://jilldenton.files.wordpress.com/2007, faster #12;What is it that defines wood quality?What is it that defines wood quality? Density: earlywood
Lightweight extendable and retractable pole
A lightweight extendable and retractable telescopic pole is disclosed comprising a plurality of non-metallic telescoping cylinders with sliding and sealing surfaces between the cylinders, a first plug member on the upper end of the smallest cylinder, and a second plug member on the lower end of the largest cylinder, whereby fluid pressure admitted to the largest cylinder will cause the telescoping cylinders to slide relative to one another causing the pole to extend. An elastomeric member connects the first plug member with one of the intermediate cylinders to urge the cylinders back into a collapsed position when the fluid pressure in the cylinders is vented. Annular elastomer members are provided which seal one cylinder to another when the pole is fully extended and further serve to provide a cushion to prevent damage to the cylinders when the pole is urged back into its retractable position by the elastomeric members and the venting of the pressure. A value mechanism associated with the pole is provided to admit a fluid under pressure to the interior of the telescoping cylinders of the pole while pressurizing a pressure relief port having an opening larger than the inlet port in a closed position whereby removal of the pressure on the relief port will cause the relief port to open to quickly lower the pressure in the interior of the telescoping cylinders to thereby assist in the rapid retraction of the extended pole.
Warren, John L. (Santa Barbara, CA); Brandt, James E. (Santa Barbara, CA)
A lightweight extendable and retractable telescopic pole is disclosed comprising a plurality of non-metallic telescoping cylinders with sliding and sealing surfaces between the cylinders, a first plug member on the upper end of the smallest cylinder, and a second plug member on the lower end of the largest cylinder, whereby fluid pressure admitted to the largest cylinder will cause the telescoping cylinders to slide relative to one another causing the pole to extend. An elastomeric member connects the first plug member with one of the intermediate cylinders to urge the cylinders back into a collapsed position when the fluid pressure in the cylinders is vented. Annular elastomer members are provided which seal one cylinder to another when the pole is fully extended and further serve to provide a cushion to prevent damage to the cylinders when the pole is urged back into its retractable position by the elastomeric members and the venting of the pressure. A value mechanism associated with the pole is provided to admit a fluid under pressure to the interior of the telescoping cylinders of the pole while pressurizing a pressure relief port having an opening larger than the inlet port in a closed position whereby removal of the pressure on the relief port will cause the relief port to open to quickly lower the pressure in the interior of the telescoping cylinders to thereby assist in the rapid retraction of the extended pole. 18 figs.
Warren, J.L.; Brandt, J.E.
Six pole/eight pole single-phase motor
A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups which are connected to form eight poles for eight-pole operation and to form six poles for six-pole operation. Each group contains four series connected coil elements with each element spanning approximately one-seventh of the periphery of the machine. The coil groups are spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart such that each end coil of one group overlaps one of the end coils of the other group. An auxiliary stator winding having two coil groups with the same relative angular displacement as the main stator winding coil groups is included. 10 figs.
Wood Products 201213 Student Handbook
Wood Products 201213 Student Handbook Ecosystem Science and Management College ........................................................................................................................... 2 Wood Products Undergraduate Program ...................................................................................................................................................... 3 Careers for Wood Products Majors
Boyer, Elizabeth W.
Assessing Deterioration of ADSS Fiber Optic Cables
Assessing Deterioration of ADSS Fiber Optic Cables Due to Corona Discharge Final Project Report of ADSS Fiber Optic Cables Due to Corona Discharge Final Project Report George G. Karady, Project Leader-Supporting) fiber optic cables installed on high voltage lines. The high electric field on those lines generates
Introduction Mich ael Wood
Introduction Mich ael Wood Italo Calvino was discreet about his life and the lives of others or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. #12;viii michael wood notion with great
Rowley, Clarence W.
LOT E1 LOT O WOOD STREET METERED LOT LOT W5 LOT C4 LOT B4 LOT L LOT M MARSHFIELDAVENUE PAULINASTREET Clinical Sciences Building UI Hospital Wood Street Station Clinical Sciences North Grand Grounds Garden
Dai, Yang
Qualifying Wood Stove Deduction
Broader source: Energy.gov [DOE]
This incentive allows Arizona taxpayers to deduct the cost of converting an existing wood fireplace to a qualifying wood stove. The cost to purchase and install all necessary equipment is tax...
Residential Wood Residential wood combustion (RWC) is
Residential Wood Combustion Residential wood combustion (RWC) is increasing in Europe because PM2.5. Furthermore, other combustion- related sources of OA in Europe may need to be reassessed. Will it affect global OA emission estimates? Combustion of biofuels is globally one of the major OA sources
WOOD PRODUCTS AND UTILIZATION V #12;#12;443USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-160. 1997. Section Overview Wood Products and Utilization1 John R. Shelly2 Forests are obviously a very important asset to California, and their economic and social value to the state is well documented. Wood
Standiford, Richard B.
CURRICULUM VITAE Robert Wood
CURRICULUM VITAE Robert Wood Assistant Professor Atmospheric Sciences, Box 351640, University. Publications [1] Wood, R., I. M. Stromberg, P. R. Jonas and C. S. Mill, 1997: Analysis of an air motion system on a light aircraft for boundary layer research. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 14, 960-968. [2] Wood, R., D. W
Wood, Robert
Single phase four pole/six pole motor
A single phase alternating current electric motor is provided with a main stator winding having two coil groups each including the series connection of three coils. These coil groups can be connected in series for six pole operation and in parallel for four pole operation. The coils are approximately equally spaced around the periphery of the machine but are not of equal numbers of turns. The two coil groups are identically wound and spaced 180 mechanical degrees apart. One coil of each group has more turns and a greater span than the other two coils. 10 figs.
Friction of wood on steel.
?? This thesis deals with the experimental description of friction between steel and wood materials, specifically laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and pine wood with two� (more)
Koubek, Radek
Chopwell Wood Health Project
Chopwell Wood Health Project An innovative project of school visits and General Practitioner. The project took place at Chopwell Wood a 360 hectare mixed woodland managed by the Forestry Commission to carry on being involved in the project. Next stage of the project Although the project leader has now
Marcelo A. Wood Marcelo A. Wood, Ph.D.
Marcelo A. Wood 1 Marcelo A. Wood, Ph.D. Curriculum Vitae June, 2013 Current Appointment: Associate, University of California, Irvine #12;Marcelo A. Wood 2 Teaching Experience: since joining UCI 2006, American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP) #12;Marcelo A. Wood 3 Journal/Editorial Review Service
Wood, Marcelo A.
WOOD ANATOMY INSTRUCTIONS FOR LABORATORY WORK KATARINA CUFAR, MARTIN ZUPANCIC University of Ljubljana Biotechnical Faculty Department of Wood Science and Technology #12;Publisher Department of Wood The publishing of "Wood Anatomy - Instructions for Laboratory Work", a textbook by Katarina Cufar and Martin
1 WOOD RESEARCH 53 (4): 2008 1-12 CAMBIAL ACTIVITY AND WOOD FORMATION IN BEECH FAGUS SYLVATICA, Department of Wood Science and Technology, Ljubljana, Slovenia Jozica Griar Slovenian Forestry Institute (Fagus sylvatica), cambium, wood formation, cell differentiation, xylem growth rings, Gompertz function
1 WOOD RESEARCH 52 (2): 2007 1-10 WOOD FORMATION IN NORWAY SPRUCE PICEA ABIES STUDIED BY PINNING Zupani, Katarina Cufar, Primoz Oven University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood methods for examining wood formation. Pinning induced desiccation of differentiated xylem, necrosis
Generating power with waste wood
Among the biomass renewables, waste wood has great potential with environmental and economic benefits highlighting its resume. The topics of this article include alternate waste wood fuel streams; combustion benefits; waste wood comparisons; waste wood ash; pilot scale tests; full-scale test data; permitting difficulties; and future needs.
Atkins, R.S.
James F. Wood
James F. Wood is currently Deputy Assistant Secretary for Clean Coal in the Office of Fossil Energy (FE). In this position, he is responsible for the management and direction of the Office's...
Wood Heating Fuel Exemption
This statute exempts from the state sales tax all wood or "refuse-derived" fuel used for heating purposes. The law does not make any distinctions about whether the qualified fuels are used for...
Probabilistic service life prediction and maintenance planning of deteriorating structures
life prediction of a bridge pier and to the selection of a suitable preventive maintenance scenario. 1 with an aggressive environment, and to eventually plan a process of essential and/or preventive maintenance, some preventive maintenance scenario. 2 RELIABILITY OF DETERIORATING STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS The deterioration
Garavaglia, Elsa
Wye Wood: the wider wood : A project description and evaluation page 1 January 2007
Wye Wood: the wider wood : A project description and evaluation page 1 January 2007 Wye Wood: the wider wood A project description and evaluation Report written by: Dr Frances Howie Associate Director Parrott Health Development Worker, Wye Wood: the wider wood #12;Wye Wood: the wider wood : A project
Are Simple Real Pole Solutions Physical?
We consider exact solutions generated by the inverse scattering technique, also known as the soliton transformation. In particular, we study the class of simple real pole solutions. For quite some time, those solutions have been considered interesting as models of cosmological shock waves. A coordinate singularity on the wave fronts was removed by a transformation which induces a null fluid with negative energy density on the wave front. This null fluid is usually seen as another coordinate artifact, since there seems to be a general belief that that this kind of solution can be seen as the real pole limit of the smooth solution generated with a pair of complex conjugate poles in the transformation. We perform this limit explicitly, and find that the belief is unfounded: two coalescing complex conjugate poles cannot yield a solution with one real pole. Instead, the two complex conjugate poles go to a different limit, what we call a ``pole on a pole''. The limiting procedure is not unique; it is sensitive to how quickly some parameters approach zero. We also show that there exists no improved coordinate transformation which would remove the negative energy density. We conclude that negative energy is an intrinsic part of this class of solutions.
M Berg; M Bradley
Precision wood particle feedstocks
Wood particles having fibers aligned in a grain, wherein: the wood particles are characterized by a length dimension (L) aligned substantially parallel to the grain, a width dimension (W) normal to L and aligned cross grain, and a height dimension (H) normal to W and L; the L.times.H dimensions define two side surfaces characterized by substantially intact longitudinally arrayed fibers; the W.times.H dimensions define two cross-grain end surfaces characterized individually as aligned either normal to the grain or oblique to the grain; the L.times.W dimensions define two substantially parallel top and bottom surfaces; and, a majority of the W.times.H surfaces in the mixture of wood particles have end checking.
Dooley, James H; Lanning, David N
Inaugural 2012 Kristie Ann Wood
Inaugural 2012 Kristie Ann Wood Scholarship Award Call for Nominations We are delighted to announce the Inaugural 2012 Kristie Ann Wood Scholarship Award for an Outstanding Women's, Gender, and Sexualities (WGSS Wood, a feminist mother, wife, friend, daughter, and lawyer who is remembered by her loved ones
Alpay, S. Pamir
April, 2006 Allen W. Wood
1 April, 2006 Vita Allen W. Wood Academic Address: Philosophy Department, Bldg 90 Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-2155 Telephone 650-723-2587 Fax 650-723-0985 E-mail: Allen.Wood University, 1999-2000. Professor of Philosophy, Stanford University, 1999-2001 Ward W. and Priscilla B. Woods
Zalta, Edward N.
Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood
Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood 6495_C000.fm Page iii Wednesday, February 1, 2006 5:48 PM #12 of treated-wood research and their efforts in organizing the con- ference entitled Environmental Impacts, "Environmental Impacts of Treated Wood", the conference proceedings which served as a starting point
Florida, University of
Rheological Model for Wood
Wood as the most important natural and renewable building material plays an important role in the construction sector. Nevertheless, its hygroscopic character basically affects all related mechanical properties leading to degradation of material stiffness and strength over the service life. Accordingly, to attain reliable design of the timber structures, the influence of moisture evolution and the role of time- and moisture-dependent behaviors have to be taken into account. For this purpose, in the current study a 3D orthotropic elasto-plastic, visco-elastic, mechano-sorptive constitutive model for wood, with all material constants being defined as a function of moisture content, is presented. The corresponding numerical integration approach, with additive decomposition of the total strain is developed and implemented within the framework of the finite element method (FEM). Moreover to preserve a quadratic rate of asymptotic convergence the consistent tangent operator for the whole model is derived. Functionality and capability of the presented material model are evaluated by performing several numerical verification simulations of wood components under different combinations of mechanical loading and moisture variation. Additionally, the flexibility and universality of the introduced model to predict the mechanical behavior of different species are demonstrated by the analysis of a hybrid wood element. Furthermore, the proposed numerical approach is validated by comparisons of computational evaluations with experimental results.
Mohammad Masoud Hassani; Falk K. Wittel; Stefan Hering; Hans J. Herrmann
HIPPO (HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations) Data from CDIAC's HIPPO Data Archive
DOE Data Explorer [Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)]
The HIPPO (HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations) study of the carbon cycle and greenhouse gases measured meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, and aerosol constituents along transects from approximately pole-to-pole over the Pacific Ocean. HIPPO flew hundreds of vertical profiles from the ocean/ice surface to as high as the tropopause, at five times during different seasons over a three year period from 2009-2011. HIPPO provides the first high-resolution vertically-resolved global survey of a comprehensive suite of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols pertinent to understanding the carbon cycle and challenging global climate models.
E-Print Network 3.0 - appl induces deterioration Sample Search...
costs based on the reliability indices. Keywords; State diagrams, Deterioration, Maintenance... , a state diagram is used to represent the deterioration process of the...
Balsa Wood Bridge Competition Sponsored by
Balsa Wood Bridge Competition Sponsored by: The University of Tennessee, Department of Civil only of BALSA WOOD and ELMER'S WOOD GLUE. No other materials will be accepted. The balsa wood must be no larger than ¼" high and ¼" wide. Any dowels can not have a diameter greater than ¼". Balsa wood comes
Wang, Xiaorui "Ray"
SOME POV-RAY TEXTURES AND COLORS T_Wood1 to T_Wood35
SOME POV-RAY TEXTURES AND COLORS WOODS.INC T_Wood1 to T_Wood35 STONES.INC T_Stone1 to T_Stone44Pink DarkPurple NeonBlue CoolCopper MandarinOrange LightWood MediumWood DarkWood SpicyPink Semi
Lee, Carl
Stability of autonomous systems The pole placement problem Stabilization by state feedback State observers Pole placement and Stability, Pole Placement, Observers and
Stability of autonomous systems The pole placement problem Stabilization by state feedback State University of Groningen Stability, Pole Placement, Observers and Stabilization #12;Stability of autonomous and Outline 1 Stability of autonomous systems 2 The pole placement problem 3 Stabilization by state feedback 4
Trentelman, Harry L.
DIVISION 6 - WOOD AND PLASTICS ________________________________________________________________________ 06000 GENERAL 1. For both woods and plastics, special attention is called to matters of flame spread-dried. 3. For exterior wood or plastic framed structures, see Division 4 for dimensions of Sample Panel
Batching Work and Rework Processes with Limited Deterioration of Reworkables
to be reworked such that a given number of good quality items is produced and total setup, rework, inventory, all items of a batch are manufactured and good quality items go to the inventory to satisfy given reworked item has the required good quality. During waiting for rework, defective items deteriorate
Magdeburg, Universität
Steve Kropper WindPole Ventures, LLC
On Wind Is More Valuable Than Wind Power "The Bloomberg of Wind" #12;PROBLEM 300 MW wind needs backup. No construction. No tech risk. Big economic advantage $15k vs $65k. Invenergy, #5 in wind asset. 6 states prepaidSteve Kropper WindPole Ventures, LLC Lexington, MA 617-306-9312 firstname.lastname@example.com Information
WRITTEN TESTIMONY OF DR. ROBERT J. WOOD DIRECTOR OF THE COOPERATIVE OXFORD LABORATORY NATIONAL Robert Wood, Director of the Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, a cooperative scientific research laboratory
GLOBAL WOOD SUPPLY Sten Nilsson
GLOBAL WOOD SUPPLY Sten Nilsson Biomass and Resource Efficiency: the need for a supply led approach to forest productivity European Parliament, Brussels, 10 November 2011 #12;MEGATREND WOOD SUPPLY � 2020 the trees on the right Source: JP Management Consulting (Asia-Pacific) Ltd., 2006 #12;BAMBOO FOREST Source
Microsoft Word - CX-FY10_Ross-VanShip_Wood_Pole_Replacement_WEB...
or be sent to the Cold Creek Yard. 3. Contaminated soildebris must be placed on plastic and be covered with plastic, anchored to keep the plastic cover in place. An...
Microsoft Word - CX-GrandCoulee-ChiefJoseph_ARandWood Poles_WEB...
REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Cleareance Memorandum Todd Wehner Road Engineer - TELF-TPP-3 Robert Keudell Line Foreman III - TFWK-Grand Coulee Robert Zellar...
Microsoft Word - CX-FY10_Kalispell_District_Wood_Pole_Replacement...
suitable for a facility to be used for its designed purpose. Location: Various transmission lines located within the Kalispell District in Montana. See Project Location...
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Subpart D, 10 C.F.R. Part 1021): B1.3 Routine maintenance Location: Various transmission lines located in Linn and Lane counties, Oregon. Refer to Project Location Attachment...
Microsoft Word - CX-Chehalis-OlympiaChehalis-MayfieldLewisCoWoodPolesF...
2 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPROlympia SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Lee Webb Ryan Brady Line Foreman III - TFOF-Olympia TFOK-Chehalis - Line Foreman III Proposed Action:...
Microsoft Word - CX-GrandCouleeDistrictWoodPoleReplacementsAccessRoads...
7, 2013 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEPR-Bell-1 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Todd Wehner Civil DesignAccess Roads - TELF-TPP-3 James Semrau Project Manager - TEP-TPP-1...
EECBG Success Story: North Pole's Holiday Wish for an Energy...
Pole's Holiday Wish for an Energy Efficient 2012 EECBG Success Story: North Pole's Holiday Wish for an Energy Efficient 2012 December 23, 2011 - 4:20pm Addthis The city of North...
Wood River Levee Reconstruction, Madison County, IL
Wood River Levee Reconstruction, Madison County, IL 25 October 2006 Abstract: The recommended plan provides for flood damage reduction and restores the original degree of protection of the Wood River Levee-federal sponsor is the Wood River Drainage and Levee District. The Wood River Levee System was authorized
US Army Corps of Engineers
Original article Growth stresses in tension wood
Original article Growth stresses in tension wood: role of microfibrils and lignification T Okuyama the growth stress generation in the region of normal and tension woods. growth stress/ tension wood in normal and ten- sion wood. The compressive stress from the deposition of lignin controls the level
Paris-Sud XI, Université de
Successful biomass (wood pellets ) implementation in
Successful biomass (wood pellets ) implementation in Estonia Biomass Utilisation of Local of primary energy in Estonia ! Wood fuels production ! Pellet firing projects in Estonia SIDA Demo East Production of wood fuels in Estonia in 2002 Regional Energy Centres in Estonia Wood pellets production
Friedman et al. on Eagly & Wood ...1059 Kenrick & Li on Eagly & Wood ......1060
Comment Contents Friedman et al. on Eagly & Wood ...1059 Kenrick & Li on Eagly & Wood ......1060 Kleyman on Eagly & Wood ............ 1061 Wood & Eagly reply ....................... 1062 Chan on Peng J. Scheyd University of Texas at Austin Eagly and Wood (June 1999) argued that social structural
Pillow, Jonathan
Companies commit to eliminate dodgy wood products Companies commit to eliminate dodgy wood products
Companies commit to eliminate dodgy wood products Companies commit to eliminate dodgy wood products wood products only from sustainable managed sources. Canadian paper, pulp and wood company Domtar has. "Companies that seriously commit to responsible wood sourcing can have significant positive impacts on forest
Structure-Infesting Wood-Boring Beetles
everal kinds of beetles damage stored wood, structural timbers and other wood products. The tunneling activities E-394 03/06 Structure-Infesting Wood-Boring Beetles John A. Jackman* S *Professor and Extension Entomologist, The Texas A... at these locations. Other signs of an infestation include stained wood or a blistering appearance on the wood surface caused by larvae tunneling just below the surface. Less commonly, immature beetles produce audible rasping or ticking sounds while chewing...
Jackman, John A.
Integrated Industrial Wood Chip Utilization
The sources of supply of wood residues for energy generation are described and the rationale for exploring the potential available from forest harvesting is developed. Details of three industrial-scale projects are presented and the specific...
Owens, E. T.
Treatment of Wood Preserving Wastewater
The wastewater produced by the wood preserving industry presents a difficult problem to treat economically. A review of the literature indicates the size of the industry has limited the pursuit of an orderly and economic solution. Atmospheric...
Reynolds, T. D.; Shack, P. A.
Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook: Implications and Energy Options for the Future
No. 8: David Shields, Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook:and Brazil, would help Mexico�s oil industry become moreof California, Berkeley Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook:
Shields, David
No. 8: David Shields, Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook:of California, Berkeley Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook:and the Environment in Mexico, 2005. No. 14: Kevin P.
Textile Drying Via Wood Gasification
TEXTILE DRYING VIA WOOD GASIFICATION Thomas F. ;McGowan, Anthony D. Jape Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia ABSTRACT This project was carried out to investigate the possibility of using wood gas as a direct replacement... for dryers. In addition to the experimental program described above, the DOE grant covered two other major areas. A survey of the textile industry was made to assess the market for gasification equip ment. The major findings were that a large amount...
McGowan, T. F.; Jape, A. D.
Coextruded Polyethylene and Wood-Flour Composite: Effect of Shell Thickness, Wood Loading, and Core
Coextruded Polyethylene and Wood-Flour Composite: Effect of Shell Thickness, Wood Loading, and Core recycled polyethylene and wood-flour composites with coreshell structure were manufactured using a pilot
Effects of grain deterioration on sorghum food quality
and Bechtel 1978). Storage fungi common on grains grow most rapidly at about 30-32 C, and their growth rate decreases as temperature decreases. Qasem and Christensen (1960), working with samples of maize stored in the laboratory at moisture contents of 16... deteriorated grain was set at about 18%, which allowed fungal growth but not sprouting. Under field conditions, the moisture content is much higher, after a rain or dew, for example. TADI 1. 2 Effeii of Cruin Deterroraciun on tlir I'hysicai amd Chemical...
Domanski, Cristian Estanislao
Advanced method for turbine steam path deterioration and performance analysis
The deterioration of a Steam Path affects the efficiency of a turbine. The most critical factors which affect the efficiency of steam and gas turbines are: seals wearing out, deposits, corrosion which causes material losses, solid particle erosion which leads to severe blade trailing edge material losses and others. Computer programs for design analysis of steam and gas turbines were developed. The input data are the steam or gas parameters before and after the turbine, mass flow and the blade path geometry (length, width, diameter, metal angles and clearances). The program calculates steam and gas parameters and their deviation from the design data. The blade path deterioration changes the dimensions such as blade throat, and in extreme cases also the angles. Putting the actual geometry into the program, the deviations from the design points are calculated exactly. The deviations expressed in kW as losses per stage are determined and listed. The paper briefly describes the program algorithm, sensitivity to geometry measurement errors and overall exactitude. Also, examples from field evaluations of some turbines are presented and illustrated. These tools are very helpful to the management the power plants in undertaking a correct decision concerning the date of the next major maintenance and replacement part procurement. The data gathered can be utilized for a more precise performance diagnostic during operation of the turbine.
Kubiak, J.; Angel, F. del; Carnero, A.; Campos, A.; Urquiza, G.; Marino, C.; Villegas, M. [Inst. de Investigaciones Electricas, Temixco, Morelos (Mexico). Div. Sistemas Mecanicos
Robert Wood, University of Washington many contributors
Robert Wood, University of Washington many contributors VOCALS Education and Outreach Snider (Wyoming) · Dave Spencer (NCSU) · Cindy Twohy (OSU) · Rob Wood/Chris Bretherton/Rhea George
Marin County- Wood Stove Replacement Rebate Program
The County of Marin has created a rebate program to encourage homeowners to remove or replace non-EPA certified wood-burning heaters (wood stoves and fireplace inserts) with cleaner burning stoves...
Decreasing the leachibility of boron wood preservatives
The use of boron in wood preservatives has been growing since the 1930s, primarily in various boric acid/borax mixtures. Boron preservatives have several advantages for application as wood preservatives including a broad spectrum of activity...
Gezer, Engin Derya
1Wood Borer --WB-XX-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-01-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology OAK. Ferris, Entomologists This metallic wood-boring beetle (Family Bupresti- dae) primarily attacks oaks. Oak wood- borers. Distribution: The native geographical range of this beetle includes parts of Asia, Africa
Ginzel, Matthew
STACY L. WOOD Department of Marketing email@example.com
STACY L. WOOD Department of Marketing firstname.lastname@example.com Moore School of Business ph. (803) 777) Alba, Joseph, John Lynch, Barton Weitz, Chris Janiszewski, Richard Lutz, Alan Sawyer, Stacy Wood (1997, September-October 1996, p. 12. Wood, Stacy L. (2001), "Remote Purchase Environments: The Influence of Return
Reif, John H.
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-07-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology JAPANESE. Pupation takes place in the wood and adults emerge by chewing a round exit hole. Adults feed on the tender) #12;2Wood Borer -- WB-07-W October 2012 It is the policy of the Purdue University Cooperative
Wood density measurement protocol J Chave Page 1 Measuring wood density for tropical forest trees
Wood density measurement protocol J Chave Page 1 Measuring wood density for tropical forest trees Diversité Biologique Université Paul Sabatier 31000 Toulouse, France 1. Introduction Wood is a biological, that transport the sap along the stem and they are filled by water. The density of tree wood is an interesting
Chave, Jérôme
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-06-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology CAMPHOR August. Female beetles make a horizontal tunnel in the wood initiating gallery construction where/APHIS grant number 10-8100-1488-CA. #12;2Wood Borer -- WB-06-W October 2012 It is the policy of the Purdue
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-08-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology OAK, these beetles feed on oak (Quercus spp). Direct damage results from galleries in the wood that are formed in the breeding season. The host trees for these beetles are important for the wood indus- try, orna
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-09-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology EUROPEAN trees are very crucial for the wood industry, ornamental industry and many species of wildlife: The beetles construct the egg gal- leries perpendicular to the grain of the wood which can be found under
School of Biological Sciences Juvenile wood
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c Copyright 2014 Benjamin P. Wood
c Copyright 2014 Benjamin P. Wood #12;#12;Software and Hardware Support for Data-Race Exceptions Benjamin P. Wood A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree;#12;University of Washington Abstract Software and Hardware Support for Data-Race Exceptions Benjamin P. Wood Co
Anderson, Richard
Generating Textures of New Zealand Native Wood
1 Generating Textures of New Zealand Native Wood Jack Wang Abstract - This report explores algorithms for computer generated textures simulating New Zealand native wood, we out line procedural and Ray tracing. The main goal of this research is to study New Zealand native wood in depth and to gather
Goodman, James R.
Updated 1-12 Bryan H. Wood
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SOLID WOOD PRODUCTS EFFECTS OF ELEVATED AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE SCHEDULES ON NARP IN SOUTHERN YELLOW-temperature (ET) from ET and HT schedules. and a high-temperature (HT) schedule. Wood properties including juvenile wood content, density, ring count, largest knot area, presence of pith, moisture content
Optical computing Damien Woods a
Optical computing Damien Woods a aDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Institute, Vierimaantie 5, 84100 Ylivieska, Finland Abstract We consider optical computers that encode data using images and compute by transforming such images. We give an overview of a number of such optical
Woods, Damien
Optical computing Damien Woods a aDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Institute, Vierimaantie 5, 84100 Ylivieska, Finland Abstract In this survey we consider optical computers of such optical computing archi- tectures, including descriptions of the type of hardware commonly used in optical
Creating Value Wood Products Industry
Louisiana Forest Products Development Center #12;2 Louisiana is blessed with quality timberland for the Wood Products Industry The forest industry contributes more than 50 percent of the total value of all for quality information, research and education in forest products in Louisiana, recognized regionally
Cultural Values of Trees, Woods
research into the importance of the cultural values of trees, woods and forests for sustainable forest managers have to take account of cultural values as one of the central themes of Sustainable Forest and taking them into account as part of the processes of planning and decisionmaking. Cultural values
The Poles of Mars: A Key to Understanding Earth's
deposits. We believe these layers can give us clues to the way in which the residual caps formed snow cover on Earth, lies a permanent, residual polar cap #12;Ice Age made mainly of water ice. The residual cap at the south pole is smaller tban that of the north pole, and its carbon dioxide seasonal
Faraon, Andrei
POLE ASSIGNMENT FOR A VIBRATING SYSTEM WITH AERODYNAMIC EFFECT # J. N. WANG + , S. H. CHOU # , Y. Cinput state feedback control arising from a onedimensional vibrating system with aerodynamic e real axis. Key words. vibrating system, aerodynamic e#ect, state feedback control, pole assignment AMS
Chou, So-Hsiang
POLE ASSIGNMENT FOR A VIBRATING SYSTEM WITH AERODYNAMIC EFFECT J. N. WANG, S. H. CHOU, Y. C. CHEN feedback control arising from a one-dimensional vibrating system with aerodynamic effect. On the practical real axis. Key words. vibrating system, aerodynamic effect, state feedback control, pole assignment AMS
Lin, Wen-Wei
A damage mechanics based approach to structural deterioration and reliability
Structural deterioration often occurs without perceptible manifestation. Continuum damage mechanics defines structural damage in terms of the material microstructure, and relates the damage variable to the macroscopic strength or stiffness of the structure. This enables one to predict the state of damage prior to the initiation of a macroscopic flaw, and allows one to estimate residual strength/service life of an existing structure. The accumulation of damage is a dissipative process that is governed by the laws of thermodynamics. Partial differential equations for damage growth in terms of the Helmholtz free energy are derived from fundamental thermodynamical conditions. Closed-form solutions to the equations are obtained under uniaxial loading for ductile deformation damage as a function of plastic strain, for creep damage as a function of time, and for fatigue damage as function of number of cycles. The proposed damage growth model is extended into the stochastic domain by considering fluctuations in the free energy, and closed-form solutions of the resulting stochastic differential equation are obtained in each of the three cases mentioned above. A reliability analysis of a ring-stiffened cylindrical steel shell subjected to corrosion, accidental pressure, and temperature is performed.
Bhattcharya, B.; Ellingwood, B. [Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States). Dept. of Civil Engineering
Shaping the spectrum of downconverted photons through optimized custom poling
We present a scheme for engineering the joint spectrum of photons created via spontaneous parametric down conversion. Our method relies on customizing the poling configuration of a quasi-phase-matched crystal. We use simulated annealing to find an optimized poling configuration which allows almost arbitrary shaping of the crystal's phase-matching function. This has direct application in the creation of pure single photons---currently one of the most important goals of single-photon quantum optics. We describe the general algorithm and provide code, written in C++, that outputs an optimized poling configuration given specific experimental parameters.
Annamaria Dosseva; Lukasz Cincio; Agata M. Branczyk
California Wood Energy Program1 Gary Brittner2
California Wood Energy Program1 Gary Brittner2 The California Department of Forestry Wood Energy projects to increase utilization of wood for energy. The Wood Energy Program came about partly the management of the wood resource. The Department of Forestry recognized that an extensive resource
Refined gluino and squark pole masses beyond leading order
The physical pole and running masses of squarks and gluinos have recently been related at two-loop order in a mass-independent renormalization scheme. I propose a general method for improvement of such formulas, and argue that better accuracy results. The improved version gives an imaginary part of the pole mass that agrees exactly with the direct calculation of the physical width at next-to-leading order. I also find the leading three-loop contributions to the gluino pole mass in the case that squarks are heavier, using effective field theory and renormalization group methods. The efficacy of these improvements for the gluino and squarks is illustrated with numerical examples. Some necessary three-loop results for gauge coupling and fermion mass beta functions and pole masses in theories with more than one type of fermion representation, which are not directly accessible from the published literature, are presented in an Appendix.
Stephen P. Martin
Crater ice deposits near the south pole of Mars
Layered deposits atop both Martian poles are thought to preserve a record of past climatic conditions in up to three km of water ice and dust. Just beyond the extent of these south polar layered deposits (SPLD), dozens of ...
Westbrook, Owen William
One on One- Douglas K Woods
A September 2014 interview with Douglas K Woods, the President of the Association for Manufacturing Technology, on the state of US manufacturing.
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-05-W America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers Department of Entomology ASIAN) #12;1-888-EXT-INFO · www.extension.purdue.edu 2Wood Borer -- WB-05-W October 2012 It is the policy
WoodPolymer Composites Prepared by the In Situ Polymerization of Monomers Within Wood
WoodPolymer Composites Prepared by the In Situ Polymerization of Monomers Within Wood Yong-Feng Li in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). ABSTRACT: Woodpolymer composites (WPCs) were prepared words: composites; mechanical properties; modifi- cation; monomers; renewable resources INTRODUCTION
Department of Forest and Wood Science Academic Programmes for 2014
Department of Forest and Wood Science Academic Programmes for 2014 Postgraduate Diploma Enquiries: Head of Department Contact details: Department of Forest and Wood Science Stellenbosch University;Department of Forest and Wood Science - 2012 2 Contents: Postgraduate Programmes Postgraduate Diploma
Daniel Wood | Department of Energy
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Indexed Site
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious Rank EERE:Year in Review: TopEnergy DOE Theory9-9260-2003October 02,(JulyWebinar: IRSofDanDaniel Wood
automatic wood furnaces: Topics by E-print Network
pressure differences that included standard rating points 11 Wood Products 201213 Student Handbook Environmental Sciences and Ecology Websites Summary: Wood Products 201213 Student...
Autonomy for Aurora's Mars Missions Mark Woods,
Autonomy for Aurora's Mars Missions Mark Woods, SciSys Ltd., Clothier Road, Bristol, UK BS4 5SS Email: email@example.com Tel: +44 117 9717251 ESA's Aurora programme incorporates a strategy for European involvement in future robotic and human exploration of our Solar System. The Aurora roadmap calls
Fisher, Michael
FAO Forestry Department Wood Energy WISDOM Slovenia
as their relevance in forestry, energy and rural development contexts, woody biomass is an important resource thatFAO Forestry Department Wood Energy WISDOM Slovenia Spatial woodfuel production Rudi Drigo Forestry Specialist - Wood energy planning and forest resources monitoring Zivan Veseli
Alaska Wood Biomass Energy Project Final Report
The purpose of the Craig Wood Fired Boiler Project is to use waste wood from local sawmilling operations to provide heat to local public buildings, in an effort to reduce the cost of operating those buildings, and put to productive use a byproduct from the wood milling process that otherwise presents an expense to local mills. The scope of the project included the acquisition of a wood boiler and the delivery systems to feed wood fuel to it, the construction of a building to house the boiler and delivery systems, and connection of the boiler facility to three buildings that will benefit from heat generated by the boiler: the Craig Aquatic Center, the Craig Elementary School, and the Craig Middle School buildings.
Jonathan Bolling
No. 8: David Shields, Mexico�s Deteriorating Oil Outlook:years. Estimating oil reserves in Mexico has long been aof as yet unproven oil reserves in Mexico�s part of the
Avoidance of a Landau pole by flat contributions in QED
We consider massless Quantum Electrodynamics in the momentum scheme and carry forward an approach based on Dyson�Schwinger equations to approximate both the ?-function and the renormalized photon self-energy (Yeats, 2011). Starting from the Callan�Symanzik equation, we derive a renormalization group (RG) recursion identity which implies a non-linear ODE for the anomalous dimension and extract a sufficient but not necessary criterion for the existence of a Landau pole. This criterion implies a necessary condition for QED to have no such pole. Solving the differential equation exactly for a toy model case, we integrate the corresponding RG equation for the running coupling and find that even though the ?-function entails a Landau pole it exhibits a flat contribution capable of decreasing its growth, in other cases possibly to the extent that such a pole is avoided altogether. Finally, by applying the recursion identity, we compute the photon propagator and investigate the effect of flat contributions on both spacelike and timelike photons. -- Highlights: �We present an approach to approximate both the ?-function and the photon self-energy. �We find a sufficient criterion for the self-energy to entail the existence of a Landau pole. �We study non-perturbative �flat� contributions that emerge within the context of our approach. �We discuss a toy model and how it is affected by flat contributions.
Klaczynski, Lutz, E-mail: email@example.com [Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, 12489 Berlin (Germany); Kreimer, Dirk, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Alexander von Humboldt Chair in Mathematical Physics, Humboldt University, Berlin 12489 (Germany)
A method of evaluating the performance deterioration of aircraft gas-turbines
A METHOD OF EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE DETERIORATION OF AIRCRAFT GAS-TURBINES A Thesis by V. SUBRAMANIAN Submitted to the Graduate College of Texas ASM University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE... May 1978 Major Subject: Mechanical Engineering A METHOD OF EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE DETERIORATION OF AIRCRAFT GAS-TURBINES A Thesis by V. SUBRAMANIAN Approved as to style and content by: Charrman o Commztt (Head o D pa ment Sg D~ Member...
Subramanian, V
Comparison of lipid oxidation, iron catalysts, and flavor deterioration in beef, chicken, and pork
to flavor deterioration in stored meat Reported studies indicate that susceptibility of muscle tissue to undergo lipid oxidation differs among meat animal species. However, the species effect is not consistent among research studies reported... to assess lipid oxidation. The objectives of this study were to compare lipid oxidation and flavor deterioration potential of beef, pork, and chicken muscles with the aforementioned experimental variables controlled. In addition, nonheme and heme iron...
Burchell, Lisa Michelle
Pole placement design for linear multivariable control systems
assignment. 4. Accuracy of the solution of FX=G. 5. Examples. IV MINIMUM NORM STATE FEEDBACK PROBLEM 1. Introduction. 2. Minimum norm algorithm. A lower bourd 4. Examples. ROBUST EIGENSTRUCTURE POLE PLACEMENT COMPENSATOR DESIGN. g 7 39 61 61 61.... 82758 4. 68965 2. 65517 L 2. 06896 -1. 72413 -3. 13793 Condition No. oi' X = 9. $0778 Closed Loop System Poles I -3 -0 99999-j. -0 99999+ii 16 B the new al orithm(A com anion form) A 0 1 0 0 0 1 -6 -8 -5 -3 ~ 2 -2 ~ 3 -0. 8 X = -7 -6. 5 ? 2 5...
Keel, Leehyun
Disposal of CCA-treated Wood: An Evaluation of
Disposal of CCA-treated Wood: An Evaluation of Existing and Alternative Management Options (FINAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CCA-TREATED WOOD ASH II.1 Sample Preparation 10 II.2 Laboratory Methods 15 II.3 Laboratory Results 24 CHAPTER III, SORTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR SEPARATING TREATED WOOD FROM UNTREATED WOOD III.1
Wood Products Marketing And Value-Added Opportunities
Wood Products Marketing And Value-Added Opportunities Richard Vlosky, Ph.D. Professor, R.E. Taylor & Associates Ltd. Forest Industry Strategic Services & Publisher: WOOD Markets Monthly newsletter WOOD Markets 2002 - The Solid Wood Products Outlook. #501 - 543 Granville Street Vancouver, B
ORIGINAL PAPER M. Grosell C.M. Wood
ORIGINAL PAPER M. Grosell á C.M. Wood Branchial versus intestinal silver toxicity and uptake Hogstrand and Wood 1998; Wood et al. 1999 for reviews), much less is known about the exact toxic mechanisms primarily through the apical Na+ channel (Bury and Wood 1999) and targets the basolateral Na/K-AT- Pase
Grosell, Martin
1Wood Borer --WB-XX-W Department of Entomology
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-02-W Department of Entomology America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers CHINESE under the bark and in dry dead wood and complete their development in two or more years. Adults emerge campestris (Faldermann) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an Asian wood-boring beetle recorded in North America
Inside JEB i ALASKAN WOOD FROGS STOCK UP ON SOLUTES TO SURVIVE Outwardly, the tiny wood frog, Rana these wood frogs, which are native to Alaska, Canada and the northern USA, to unravel their secrets. Costanzo tolerance in a northern population of the wood frog. J. Exp. Biol. 216, 3461-3473. Nicola Stead THE GENETICS
Besansky, Nora J.
Original article A study on growth stresses, tension wood
Original article A study on growth stresses, tension wood distribution and other related wood variations of wood structure (specific gravity and pulp yield), and the transverse mechanical resistance of wood. To investigate growth stresses, longitudinal displacements after stress release were estimated
Codes of constant Lee or Euclidean weight Jay A. Wood
Codes of constant Lee or Euclidean weight Jay A. Wood Department of Mathematics, Computer Science & Statistics Purdue University Calumet Hammond, Indiana 46323--2094 USA firstname.lastname@example.com http://www.calumet.purdue.edu/public/math/wood Scholarly Research Awards. #12; JAY A. WOOD 1. Linear codes as modules Throughout this extended abstract
Wood, Jay
Wood of Giant Sequoia: Properties and Unique Characteristics1
Wood of Giant Sequoia: Properties and Unique Characteristics1 Douglas D. Piirto2 Abstract: Wood tree species. Wood properties such as specific gravity, various mechanical properties, extractive be considered for planting stock in managed production forests to increase future supplies of wood having
1Wood Borer -- WB-XX-W WB-04-W Department of Entomology America's Least Wanted Wood-Borers BLACK living trees. The wood- boring larvae cause structural damage that may make the trees susceptible). (Photo credit: Stanislaw Kinelski, Bugwood.org) #12;1-888-EXT-INFO · www.extension.purdue.edu 2Wood Borer
Emerging Markets for Wood Energy Richard Vlosky, Director
· The Louisiana Forest Products Development Center · Wood-to-Energy · Wood Biomass · Energy Options · Current-based Biomass Energy #12;2/20/2014 5 Forest Landowner Opportunities and Challenges The U.S. South is the "wood2/20/2014 1 Emerging Markets for Wood Energy Richard Vlosky, Director Crosby Land & Resources
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 107118 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 107118 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE RESISTANCE OF BORATE-MODIFIED STRANDBOARD MANUFACTURED FROM SOUTHERN WOOD, but not on termite mortality. Wood species showed no significant effect on the termite resistance. Correlations
Wood and Fiber Science, 37(1), 2005, pp. 95111 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 37(1), 2005, pp. 95111 © 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF WOOD-PVC COMPOSITE: IMAGING MORPHOLOGY AND WETTING wetting behavior of wood-PVC composites in this study. Two-dimensional and time-dependent profiles
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 1725 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 1725 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology FUNDAMENTALS OF VERTICAL DENSITY PROFILE FORMATION IN WOOD COMPOSITES. PART III. MDF DENSITY FORMATION DURING of Wood Science and Forest Products 210 Cheatham Hall, Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA 24061-0323 and Timothy
Wang, Siqun
Wood and Fiber Science, 35(4), 2003, pp. 482498 2003 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 35(4), 2003, pp. 482498 2003 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology. INTRODUCTION Strength properties of wood-based compos- ites are related to mean panel density and the density of the average panel density (Kruse et al. 2000). Modeling for the spatial structure of wood composites
Wood and Fiber Science, 37(2), 2005, pp. 207212 2005 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 37(2), 2005, pp. 207212 © 2005 by the Society of Wood Science. Leichti Associate Professor and Barbara L. Gartner Professor Department of Wood Science and Engineering purposes that characterize smaller sections of wood. Moreover, theASTM standards spec- ify loading
Lachenbruch, Barbara
Wood and Fiber Science, 35(3), 2003, pp. 381396 2003 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 35(3), 2003, pp. 381396 2003 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology a feasible application of both methods in wood composite research and in a real-time quality control system wood composites widely 1 This paper (NO: 02-40-0457) is published with the approval of the Director
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 7183 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology
Wood and Fiber Science, 36(1), 2004, pp. 7183 2004 by the Society of Wood Science and Technology (Lenth and Kamke 1996). Interest in predicting the consolidation be- havior of wood strand mats has led that strand geometry affects the relative void volume in a mat. #12;72 WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE, JANUARY 2004, V
North American wood markets hit by United States housing crash North American wood markets hit by United States housing crash
themes were: 1. softwood market developments, and 2. wood energy and wood mobilization. The main use of wood for energy throughout the UNECE region, driven by policy measures and high oil prices development, which will have to try to balance the needs of the established wood products sector and the bio-energy
Wood-Burning Heating System Deduction
This statute allows individual taxpayers a deduction for the purchase and installation of a wood-burning heating system. The deduction is equal to the total cost of purchase and installation for...
Wood furnance cuts fuel bills and wastes
The use of a wood burning furnace instead of propane to heat the Saddlecraft manufacturing plant in Cherokee, North Carolina, is described. A chart shows gallons of propane usage in winter for five years. (MHR)
Not Available
From the Woods to the Refinery
Breakout Session 2D�Building Market Confidence and Understanding II: Carbon Accounting and Woody Biofuels From the Woods to the Refinery Stephen S. Kelley, Principal and Department Head, Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University
Residential Wood Heating Fuel Exemption (New York)
New York exempts retail sales of wood used for residential heating purposes from the state sales tax. The law also permits local governments (municipalities and counties) to grant an exemption from...
Wood Fired Steam Plants in Georgia
suppliers. Based upon the designs submitted and subsequent negotiations, the Applied Engineering Company (APCO) in Orangeburg, South Carolina, was chosen to do the job. Applied Engineering has been working on wood gasification systems for several years...-20, 1983 company has a large manufacturing plant in Orange burg and is fully capable of fabricating large pressure vessels and heavy industrial equipment. The overall wood gasification system is shown in Figure 1. The fuel for the gasifier is green...
Bulpitt, W. S.
A Wood-Fired Gas Turbine Plant
A WOOD-FIRED GAS TURBINE PLANT Sam H. Powell, Tennessee Valley Authority, Chattanooga, Tennessee Joseph T. Hamrick, Aerospace Research Corporation, RBS Electric, Roanoke, VA Abstract This paper covers the research and development of a wood...-fired gas turbine unit that is used for generating electricity. The system uses one large cyclonic combustor and a cyclone cleaning system in series to provide hot gases to drive an Allison T-56 aircraft engine (the industrial version is the 50l-k). A...
Powell, S. H.; Hamrick, J. T.
BUCKLING BEHAVIOUR OF WOODEN POLES J. Savic" S.H. Rizkalla2
lines and transmission towers. In recent years, a considerable number of such poles have failed duc and transmission towers. In recent years, a considerable number of such poles have failed due to heavy ice build
Closed Loop Recycling of PreservativeClosed Loop Recycling of Preservative Treated WoodTreated Wood
Closed Loop Recycling of PreservativeClosed Loop Recycling of Preservative Treated WoodTreated Wood.2 million cubic meters) of lumber treated with CCA are produced annually in the United States (Micklewright 1998). ·In 1997, for example, some 581.4 million cu. ft. was treated with waterborne preservatives
European Panel FederationEuropean Panel Federation viewpoint on wood energy policiesviewpoint on wood energy policies
--called "green energy"called "green energy" ·· Simultaneously, the taxes on the use of fossil fuelsSimultaneously, the taxes on the use of fossil fuels increaseincrease ·· This leads to increasing costs for wood productsIncreasing use of wood for energy production ·· Governments in Europe are granting subsidies for
HADES - Hydrophone for Acoustic Detection at South Pole
The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) is located in the upper part of the optical neutrino observatory IceCube, currently under construction. SPATS consists of four strings at depths between 80 m and 500 m below the surface of the ice with seven stages per string. Each stage is equipped with an acoustic sensor and a transmitter. Three strings (string A-C) were deployed in the austral summer 2006/07. SPATS was extended by a fourth string (string D) with second generation sensors and transmitters in 2007/08. One second generation sensor type HADES (Hydrophone for Acoustic Detection at South Pole) consists of a ring-shaped piezo-electric element coated with polyurethane. The development of the sensor, optimization of acoustic transmission by acoustic impedance matching and first in-situ results will be discussed.
Semburg, Benjamin
Benjamin Semburg; for the IceCube Collaboration
North Pole, Alaska: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
Open Energy Info (EERE)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy ResourcesLoading map...(Utility Company) JumpNorth Haven, Maine:Ohio:Pole, Alaska: Energy Resources Jump
Pole-phase modulated toroidal winding for an induction machine
A stator (10) for an induction machine for a vehicle has a cylindrical core (12) with inner and outer slots (26, 28) extending longitudinally along the inner and outer peripheries between the end faces (22, 24). Each outer slot is associated with several adjacent inner slots. A plurality of toroidal coils (14) are wound about the core and laid in the inner and outer slots. Each coil occupies a single inner slot and is laid in the associated outer slot thereby minimizing the distance the coil extends from the end faces and minimizing the length of the induction machine. The toroidal coils are configured for an arbitrary pole phase modulation wherein the coils are configured with variable numbers of phases and poles for providing maximum torque for cranking and switchable to a another phase and pole configuration for alternator operation. An adaptor ring (36) circumferentially positioned about the stator improves mechanical strength, and provides a coolant channel manifold (34) for removing heat produced in stator windings during operation.
Miller, John Michael (Saline, MI); Ostovic, Vlado (Weinheim, DE)
Factorization and resummation for collinear poles in QCD amplitudes
We study the origin of subleading soft and collinear poles of form factors and amplitudes in dimensionally-regulated massless gauge theories. In the case of form factors of fundamental fields, these poles originate from a single function of the coupling, denoted G({alpha}{sub s}), depending on both the spin and gauge quantum numbers of the field. We relate G({alpha}{sub s}) to gauge-theory matrix elements involving the gluon field strength. We then show that G({alpha}{sub s}) is the sum of three terms: a universal eikonal anomalous dimension, a universal non-eikonal contribution, given by the coefficient B{sub {delta}}({alpha}{sub s}) of {delta}(1-z) in the collinear evolution kernel, and a process-dependent short-distance coefficient function, which does not contribute to infrared poles. Using general results on the factorization of soft and collinear singularities in fixed-angle massless gauge theory amplitudes, we conclude that all such singularities are captured by the eikonal approximation, supplemented only by the knowledge of B{sub {delta}}({alpha}{sub s}). We explore the consequences of our results for conformal gauge theories, where in particular we find a simple exact relation between the form factor and the cusp anomalous dimension.
Dixon, Lance J.; Magnea, Lorenzo; Sterman, George
Condition based maintenance model for a production deteriorating Phuc Do Van and Christophe Berenguer
significantly and the system might not be able to cope with demand. In many preventive maintenance policiesCondition based maintenance model for a production deteriorating system Phuc Do Van and Christophe both maintenance cost and production capacity aspects for a single unit production system whose
Boyer, Edmond
Hydraulic Mechanisms of the Deterioration of Concrete Sleeper Rail Seats , R. Kernes
Hydraulic Mechanisms of the Deterioration of Concrete Sleeper Rail Seats J. Zeman 2 , R. Kernes 1 to have five potential mechanisms, and this research investigates three of them: hydraulic pressure cracking, hydro-abrasive erosion, and abrasion. In order to investigate the two hydraulic-driven mechanisms
Barkan, Christopher P.L.
Development of pipe deterioration models for water distribution systems using EPR
Development of pipe deterioration models for water distribution systems using EPR L. Berardi, O of Exeter, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK The economic and social costs of pipe failures in water for critical pipes that balance investment with expected benefits in a risk-based management context
Fernandez, Thomas
Identification of concrete deteriorating minerals by polarizing and scanning electron microscopy
The deterioration of concrete represents one of the most serious problems of civil engineering worldwide. Besides other processes, deterioration of concrete consists of sulfate attack and carbonation. Sulfate attack results in the formation of gypsum, ettringite and thaumasite in hardened concrete. Products of sulfate attack may cause a loss of material strength and a risk of collapse of the concrete constructions. The authors focused especially on the microscopical research of sulfate attack. Concrete samples were taken from the Charles Bridge in Prague, Czech Republic. A succession of degrading mineral formation was suggested. Microscope methods represent a new approach to solving the deterioration problems. They enable evaluation of the state of concrete constructions and in cooperation with hydro-geochemistry, mathematics and statistics permit prediction of the durability of a structure. Considering the number of concrete constructions and their age, research of concrete deterioration has an increasing importance. The results obtained can also be useful for future construction, because they identify the risk factors associated with formation of minerals known to degrade structures.
Gregerova, Miroslava, E-mail: email@example.com [Masaryk University in Brno, Faculty of Science, Institute of Geological Sciences, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno (Czech Republic); Vsiansky, Dalibor, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Research Institute of Building Materials, JSC., Hnevkovskeho 65, 617 00 Brno (Czech Republic)
Guide to Using Wood Ash as an Agricultural Soil Amendment
from larger commercial sources such as wood-burning biomass plants which produce heat or electricity in the soil. Wood ash is more soluble and reactive than ground limestone, and brings about a Benefits Recycles
New Hampshire, University of
A study of the molecular mechanics of wood cell walls
Wood is the original structural material, developed by nature to support tall plants. Every advantageous feature of wood as used in artificial structures is rooted in the plant's evolved capability to withstand the conditions ...
Adler, David, S.M. (David C.). Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Wood-Fiber/High-Density-Polyethylene Composites: Compounding Process
Wood-Fiber/High-Density-Polyethylene Composites: Compounding Process J. Z. Lu,1 Q. Wu,1 I. I parameters for the wood-fiber/high-density-polyethylene blends at 60 rpm were a temperature of 180°C
Drawing a Graph in a Hypercube David R. Wood
Drawing a Graph in a Hypercube David R. Wood #3; Departament de Matem#18;atica Aplicada II Universitat Polit#18;ecnica de Catalunya Barcelona, Spain email@example.com Submitted: Nov 16, 2004; Accepted
Wood, David R.
Ring Involutions and Self-Dual Codes Jay A. Wood
Ring Involutions and Self-Dual Codes Jay A. Wood Department of Mathematics Western Michigan University email@example.com AMS meeting, Lexington, Kentucky March 27, 2010 #12;Acknowledgments Much
RELATIVE ONE-WEIGHT LINEAR CODES JAY A. WOOD In memory of Professor F. E. P. Hirzebruch, 17 October University. 1 #12;2 JAY A. WOOD G thus defines a linear functional (a "coordinate functional") on the k
Generalizing Halfspaces 1 Eugene Fink 2 Derick Wood 3
Generalizing Halfspaces 1 Eugene Fink 2 Derick Wood 3 Abstract Restrictedorientation convexity, as a generalization of standard convexity [9]. Rawlins, Wood, and Schuierer studied planar Oconvex sets
Fink, Eugene
Drawing a Graph in a Hypercube David R. Wood Departament de Matem`atica Aplicada II Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya Barcelona, Spain firstname.lastname@example.com Submitted: Nov 16, 2004; Accepted: Aug 11
Wood mobilization: la nuova frontiera delle politiche forestali
8-03-2013 1 Wood mobilization: la nuova frontiera delle politiche forestali europee CONAF settore forestale, un nuovo tema-guida: Wood Mobilization Task Force Foreste2. Green o grey? 3. Politica
Pettenella, Davide
XML Structure Compression Mark Levene and Peter Wood
XML Structure Compression Mark Levene and Peter Wood Birkbeck College, University of London London WC1E 7HX, U.K. {m.levene,email@example.com Abstract XML is becoming the universal language
Levene, Mark
Characters and finite Frobenius rings Jay A. Wood
Characters and finite Frobenius rings Jay A. Wood Department of Mathematics Western Michigan-modules; 3. R = R as right R-modules. Due independently to Hirano, 1997, and Wood, 1999. JW (WMU) Frobenius
Clean-Burning Wood Stove Grant Program (Maryland)
The Maryland Energy Administration (MEA) now offers the Clean Burning Wood Stove Grant program as part of its Residential Clean Energy Grant Program. The Clean Burning Wood Stove Grant program...
FAO Forestry Department Wood Energy WISDOM East Africa
percent of total African wood consumption. In the countries of East Sahelian Africa, Central Africa energy consumption (FAO 1999). Numerous studies have analyzed the wFAO Forestry Department Wood Energy WISDOM East Africa Woodfuel Integrated Supply
International Trade of Wood Pellets (Brochure)
The production of wood pellets has increased dramatically in recent years due in large part to aggressive emissions policy in the European Union; the main markets that currently supply the European market are North America and Russia. However, current market circumstances and trade dynamics could change depending on the development of emerging markets, foreign exchange rates, and the evolution of carbon policies. This fact sheet outlines the existing and potential participants in the wood pellets market, along with historical data on production, trade, and prices.
Volatile constituents in a wood pyrolysis oil
Science VOLATILE CONSTITUTENTS IN A WOOD PYROLYSIS OIL A Thesis SHIH-CHIEN LIN Appro d as to style and content by: (Chairman of Committee) Head of epa tmen (Member Member Nay 1978 442936 ABSTRACT Volatile Constituents in a Wood Pyrolysis Oil.../120 Supelcoport. Other trace constituents of volatile acid were also 'dentifi="' by trap- ping the substances from the C. C. column into i: n;- 0-sh ped capillary tube and subjecting to mass spectrometry. The corrosivity of pyrolysis oil and it, volati'e acids...
Lin, Shih-Chien
Wood Fuel LP | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Office of InspectorConcentrating SolarElectric Coop,SaveWhiskey Flats Geothermal AreaarticleWood Fuel LP Name: Wood
The Storage and Seasoning of Pecan Bud Wood.
be returned to cold storage and will remain ready for use at a later date. It has been found that bud wood cut late in the dormant period seasons in a shorter time than that cut early. Bud wood of the Delmas variety seasons more readiIy than that of Stuart... _._-_._.--__..__------~-..._..--_...._.--_.....-. Relation of Time of Cutting Bud Wood to Seasoning ._.__....._._-___._------------ ., Relative Response of Stuart and Delmas in Seasoning _---..__._.__....._.---....-....--.- 10 Number of Days for Seasoning Bud Wood During Different Months .... 12 Storage...
Brison, Fred R. (Fred Robert)
21-389 Technology and Environmental Deterioration in Pre-Industrial Societies Chapter 21. TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL
21-389 Technology and Environmental Deterioration in Pre-Industrial Societies Chapter 21. TECHNOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION IN PRE-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES One assumption made by most... [is... Robert Heizer 1955 More than one half [of the extent of the Roman Em- pire] is either deserted
Richerson, Peter J.
Landfill Disposal of CCA-Treated Wood with Construction and
Landfill Disposal of CCA-Treated Wood with Construction and Demolition (C&D) Debris: Arsenic phased out of many residential uses in the United States, the disposal of CCA-treated wood remains. Catastrophic events have also led to the concentrated disposal of CCA-treated wood, often in unlined landfills
Deplump for Streaming Data Nicholas Bartlett Frank Wood
Deplump for Streaming Data Nicholas Bartlett Frank Wood Department of Statistics, Columbia of discrete sequences called the sequence memoizer [Wood et al., 2009]. Gasthaus et al. showed that although was reposed on a sequence memo- izer [Wood et al., 2009] whose space complexity was linear in the length
Wood, Frank
Wood Products Identification by Internal Characteristics Readings C. FUENTEALBA1
Wood Products Identification by Internal Characteristics Readings C. FUENTEALBA1 , C. SIMON2 , firstname.lastname@example.com 5 LERMAB - Wood Research Laboratory, Epinal, France, e-mail: daniel- proving control of production tools and reacting to their defi- ciencies. For wood industries
Wood in rivers: interactions with channel morphology and processes
Editorial Wood in rivers: interactions with channel morphology and processes No doubt about it, wood complicates fluvial geo- morphology. It messes up nice tidy streams, compli- cates quantitative through the study of channels lacking a substantial load of wood debris (Leopold et al., 1964
Montgomery, David R.
Using Wood Quality Measures to Evaluate Second-Growth Redwood
553 Using Wood Quality Measures to Evaluate Second-Growth Redwood Stephen L. Quarles1 and Yana stability, durability, microfibril angle, redwood, wood quality Introduction Redwood has long been a valued" or "resistant or very resistant" (Wood Handbook 1999). 1 University of California Cooperative Extension (Advisor
Frederic Wood Compiled by Michael W. Pidgeon (1985)
Frederic Wood fonds Compiled by Michael W. Pidgeon (1985) University of British Columbia Archives Description Frederic Wood fonds. 1915-1973. 33 cm of textual records. 22 photographs. Biographical Sketch Born in Victoria, B.C., Frederic Gordon Campbell Wood (1887-1976) enrolled in the first class
Handy, Todd C.
Surface light fields for 3D photography Daniel N. Wood
Surface light fields for 3D photography Daniel N. Wood A dissertation submitted in partial This is to certify that I have examined this copy of a doctoral dissertation by Daniel N. Wood and have found for 3D photography by Daniel N. Wood Chair of Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Brian L
Washington at Seattle, University of
Wood Engineering Education Trends and Challenges Rakesh Gupta1
Wood Engineering Education Trends and Challenges Rakesh Gupta1 and Vijaya Gopu2 1 Member ASCE, Associate Professor, Department of Wood Science and Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis of the factors impacting the wood engineering/design education in the U.S. has been presented. The actions
Cox, Dan
Wood Science and Nanotechnology: Overview and Our Efforts
Wood Science and Nanotechnology: Overview and Our Efforts Siqun Wang, Ph.D. Department of Forestry. Bot. 17, 543-588 (1886). Wang UT CRC #12;Wood Structure MICROFIBRIL STRUCTURE CRYSTALLINE REGIONS wood fibers under axial tensile strain Nature 1971; 229:252-3 Page DH, EI-Hosseiny F., Winkler K. Wang
Gray, Matthew
Wood 1 19th Annual AIAA/USU
Wood 1 19th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites SSC05-IV-03 Adopting Internet standards for orbital use Lloyd Wood Cisco Systems Global Defense, Space and Security Bedfont Lakes, London, UK; +44. #12;Wood 2 19th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites In June 2004, after lying dormant while
Wood, Lloyd
Robert Wood Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences at
Robert Wood Professor of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Mechanical Engineering Robert Wood is the Charles River Professor of Engineering member of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering. Prof. Wood completed his M.S. and Ph
Lin, Xi
Wood ants use resin to protect themselves against pathogens
Wood ants use resin to protect themselves against pathogens Michel Chapuisat1,*, Anne Oppliger2. Wood ants, Formica paralugubris, commonly bring back pieces of solidified coniferous resin of larvae exposed to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. These results show that wood ants
Lehmann, Laurent
Codes of constant Lee or Euclidean weight Jay A. Wood Department of Mathematics, Computer Science & Statistics Purdue University Calumet Hammond, Indiana 46323 2094 USA firstname.lastname@example.com http: www.calumet.purdue.edu public math wood Abstract. Carlet 2 has determined the linear codes over Z=4 of constant Lee weight
Wood September 28, 2002 DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
Wood September 28, 2002 1 DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING CARNEGIE MELLON: Microstructure-Sensitive Mechanical Properties #12;Wood September 28, 2002 2 Introduction Reading will also have an opportunity to perform similar experiments on various types of wood. These will illustrate
Rollett, Anthony D.
Wood Density and Growth Conifers Introduced to Hawaii
Wood Density and Growth of Some Conifers Introduced to Hawaii Roger G. Skolmen U . S . F O R E - Berkeley, California Forest Service - U. S. Department of Agriculture #12;Skolmen, Roger G. 1963. Wood Expt. Sta. 20 pp., illus. (U.S. Forest Serv. Res Paper PSW-12) The specific gravity of the wood of 14
Center for Wood Utilization Progress Report for Fiscal Year 2010
, Asia, and Latin America. A business plan was developed to capture 1% of the $2.5 billion h manufacturing; and (c) lead to more efficient use of renewable wood-based materials for the benefit of Americans. Renewable wood is essential to human existence. Wood utilization research is critical to national needs
Tullos, Desiree
Energie-Cits 2001 BIOMASS -WOOD
Energie-Cités 2001 BIOMASS - WOOD Gasification / Cogeneration ARMAGH United Kingdom Gasification is transferring the combustible matters in organic waste or biomass into gas and pure char by burning the fuel via it allows biomass in small-scaled engines and co-generation units which with conventional technologies
Integrated Datasets (IDs) Wood/Bretherton proposal
Integrated Datasets (IDs) Wood/Bretherton proposal ID Rationale Space/Time scale; Location; Platforms Parameters Combined Drizzle Dataset (CD ID) Collocated precipitation, aerosol and cloud micro, precip. rate, cloud Cross- Section Dataset (XS-ID) Data on E-W cross- section along 20°S from coast
CORRUPTION AND ILLEGAL LOGGING IN THE WOOD PRODUCTS MARKET: the Italian experience in controlling Science 7 May 2004 Paper organization 1. State of the problem 2. Are Italian companies involved in deforestation and trade of illegal logging? 3. Which are the most affected countries? 4. Why do we need
countries on 5 continents · 19 timber merchant companies in Denmark, 10 of which have do-it-yourself stores Division consists of 19 timber merchant companies in Denmark, just over half of which have an adjacent doPASSION FOR WOOD THE DLH GROUP 2006 #12;54% 21% 25% ONE OF THE WORLD'S MAJOR TIMBER WHOLESALERS
Wood anomalies in resonant photonic quasicrystals
A theory of light diffraction from planar quasicrystalline lattice with resonant scatterers is presented. Rich structure, absent in the periodic case, is found in specular reflection spectra, and interpreted as a specific kind of Wood anomalies, characteristic for quasicrystals. The theory is applied to semiconductor quantum dots arranged in Penrose tiling.
Poddubny, A N
Milnor-Wood inequalities for products
We prove Milnor-Wood inequalities for local products of manifolds. As a consequence, we establish the generalized Chern Conjecture for products $M\\times \\Sigma^k$ for any product of a manifold $M$ with a product of $k$ copies of a surface $\\Sigma$ for $k$ sufficiently large.
Bucher, Michelle
Harvested Wood Products -an Incentive for Deforestation?
1 Harvested Wood Products - an Incentive for Deforestation? Andreas Fischlin1 Abstract Mitigation for deforestation is real. To curb the disadvantages of HWP, some debiting of non-sustainable forest management activities are implemented that provide true disincentives to deforestation, HWP may continue to create some
Fischlin, Andreas
Fast Curing of Composite Wood Products
The overall objective of this program is to develop low temperature curing technologies for UF and PF resins. This will be accomplished by: � Identifying the rate limiting UF and PF curing reactions for current market resins; � Developing new catalysts to accelerate curing reactions at reduced press temperatures and times. In summary, these new curing technologies will improve the strength properties of the composite wood products and minimize the detrimental effects of wood extractives on the final product while significantly reducing energy costs for wood composites. This study is related to the accelerated curing of resins for wood composites such as medium density fiberboard (MDF), particle board (PB) and oriented strandboard (OSB). The latter is frequently manufactured with a phenol-formaldehyde resin whereas ureaformaldehyde (UF) resins are usually used in for the former two grades of composite wood products. One of the reasons that hinder wider use of these resins in the manufacturing of wood composites is the slow curing speed as well as inferior bondability of UF resin. The fast curing of UP and PF resins has been identified as an attractive process development that would allow wood to be bonded at higher moisture contents and at lower press temperatures that currently employed. Several differing additives have been developed to enhance cure rates of PF resins including the use of organic esters, lactones and organic carbonates. A model compound study by Conner, Lorenz and Hirth (2002) employed 2- and 4-hydroxymethylphenol with organic esters to examine the chemical basis for the reported enhanced reactivity. Their studies suggested that the enhance curing in the presence of esters could be due to enhanced quinone methide formation or enhanced intermolecular SN2 reactions. In either case the esters do not function as true catalysts as they are consumed in the reaction and were not found to be incorporated in the polymerized resin product. An alternative approach to accelerated PF curing can be accomplished with the addition amines or amides. The later functionality undergoes base catalyzed hydrolysis yielding the corresponding carboxyl ate and free amine which rapidly reacts with the phenolic methylol groups facilitating polymerization and curing of the PF resin (Pizzi, 1997).
Dr. Arthur J. Ragauskas
Kinematic dynamo wave in the vicinity of the solar poles
We consider a dynamo wave in the solar convective shell for the kinematic $\\alpha\\omega$-dynamo model. The spectrum and eigenfunctions of the corresponding equations are derived analytically with the aid of the WKB method. Our main aim here is to investigate the dynamo wave behavior in the vicinity of the solar poles. Explicit expressions for the incident and reflected waves are obtained. The reflected wave is shown to be relatively weak in comparison to the incident wave. The phase shifts and the ratio of amplitudes of the two waves are found.
Victor Galitski; D. D. Sokoloff
Influence of bicarbonate ions on the deterioration of mortar bars in sulfate solutions
This work investigates the influence of bicarbonate ions on the deterioration of cementitious material exposed to sulfate ions. Mortars based on a CEM I and on a CEM III/B cement were investigated. Experimental investigations were compared to thermodynamic modeling and phase characterization to understand the differences in deterioration. The presence of bicarbonate ions significantly reduced the expansion of the CEM I mortars. Thermodynamic modeling showed that at high concentrations of bicarbonate ettringite and gypsum become unstable. Microstructural characterization combined with information from thermodynamic modeling suggests that conditions of high supersaturation with respect to ettringite are unlikely in the samples exposed in solutions containing bicarbonate. Consequently, expansive forces are not generated by the crystallization pressure of ettringite. There was little expansion of the CEM III/B sample even in the sodium sulfate solution. In the bicarbonate solution this mortar showed a highly leached zone at the surface in which calcite was observed.
Kunther, W., E-mail: email@example.com [Empa, Laboratory for Concrete and Construction Chemistry, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf (Switzerland); Lothenbach, B. [Empa, Laboratory for Concrete and Construction Chemistry, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf (Switzerland)] [Empa, Laboratory for Concrete and Construction Chemistry, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf (Switzerland); Scrivener, K. [EPFL, Laboratory of Construction Materials, CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)] [EPFL, Laboratory of Construction Materials, CH-1015 Lausanne (Switzerland)
Deteriorated hardened cement paste structure analyzed by XPS and {sup 29}Si NMR techniques
In this report, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and {sup 29}Si-MAS-NMR was used for the evaluation of deteriorated hardened cement pastes. The deterioration by ammonium nitrate solution was accompanied by changes in the pore structure as well as by structural changes in the C�S�H in the hardened cement paste. The CaO/SiO{sub 2} ratio of the C�S�H decreased with the progress of deterioration, there was also polymerization of the silicate in the C�S�H. It was confirmed that the degree of polymerization of silicate of the C�S�H in hardened cement paste can be determined by XPS. It was also shown that the polymerization depends on the structure of the C�S�H. -- Highlights: �The polymerization of silicate of the C�S�H in the HCP can be observed by XPS. �The structure of C�S�H changed with the degree of calcium leaching. �The NMR result about silicate in C�S�H was in good agreement with the XPS result.
Kurumisawa, Kiyofumi, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628 (Japan)] [Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628 (Japan); Nawa, Toyoharu [Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628 (Japan)] [Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Japan, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628 (Japan); Owada, Hitoshi [Radioactive Waste Management Funding and Research Center, 1-15-7 Tsukishima, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (Japan)] [Radioactive Waste Management Funding and Research Center, 1-15-7 Tsukishima, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (Japan); Shibata, Masahito [Taiheiyo Consultant Co., Ltd., 2-4-2, Ohsaku, Sakura-City, Chiba (Japan)] [Taiheiyo Consultant Co., Ltd., 2-4-2, Ohsaku, Sakura-City, Chiba (Japan)
Acoustic detection of astrophysical neutrinos in South Pole ice
When high-energy particles interact in dense media to produce a particle shower, most of the shower energy is deposited in the medium as heat. This causes the medium to expand locally and emit a shock wave with a medium-dependent peak frequency on the order of 10 kHz. In South Pole ice in particular, the elastic properties of the medium have been theorized to provide good coupling of particle energy to acoustic energy. The acoustic attenuation length has been theorized to be several km, which could enable a sparsely instrumented large-volume detector to search for rare signals from high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. We simulated a hybrid optical/radio/acoustic extension to the IceCube array, specifically intended to detect cosmogenic (GZK) neutrinos with multiple methods simultaneously in order to achieve high confidence in a discovered signal and to measure angular, temporal, and spectral distributions of GZK neutrinos. This work motivated the design, deployment, and operation of the South Pole Acoustic Te...
Vandenbroucke, Justin
Microsoft Word - CX-AlveyMaintenanceHQ_PoleStorageUpgrade_WEB...
4, 2011 REPLY TO ATTN OF: KEP-4 SUBJECT: Environmental Clearance Memorandum Brett Sherer Project Manager - KEP-4 Proposed Action: Environmental protection system upgrades at pole...
Calorific and porosity development in carbonized wood
Wood of four species (red oak, southern yellow pine, black cherry, and hybrid poplar) were carbonized in a flowing nitrogen atmosphere at an average heating rate of 3 degrees Centigrade/minute to selected final temperatures up to 700 degrees Centigrade. The effects of final carbonization temperature on selected properties of the char were obtained using an adiabatic oxygen bomb calorimeter to investigate heat of combustion and a mercury porosimeter to investigate total porosity, real density, apparent density, and pore size distribution. Pore characteristics of carbonized wood developed before 300 degrees Centigrade in southern yellow pine and before 400 degrees Centigrade in red oak, black cherry, and hybrid poplar. Statistical analysis established linear relationships between heat of combustion versus final carbonization temperature in the carbonization temperature ranges investigated. The results of this study will aid in understanding optimum pryrolysis conditions for the development of calorific and porosity values. (Refs. 22).
Baileys, R.T.; Blankenhorn, P.R.
Biologically induced concrete deterioration in a wastewater treatment plant assessed by combining microstructural analysis with thermodynamic modeling
In the nitrification basins of wastewater treatment plants, deterioration of the concrete surface can occur due to acid attack caused by a nitrifying biofilm covering the concrete. To identify the mechanism of deterioration, concrete cubes of different composition were suspended in an aerated nitrification basin of a wastewater treatment plant for two years and analyzed afterwards. The microstructural investigation reveals that not only dissolution of hydrates takes place, but that calcite precipitation close to the surface occurs leading to the formation of a dense layer. The degree of deterioration of the different cubes correlates with the CaO content of the different cements used. Cements which contain a high fraction of CaO form more calcite offering a better protection against the acid attack. The presence of slag, which lowers the amount CaO in the cement, leads to a faster deterioration of the concrete than observed for samples produced with pure OPC.
Leemann, A., E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com [Empa, Duebendorf (Switzerland); Lothenbach, B.; Hoffmann, C. [Empa, Duebendorf (Switzerland)
Radio-frequency probes of Antarctic ice at South Pole
System Sciences O p e n A cce ss Discussions Radio-frequency probes of Antarctic ice at South Pole D. Besson1 and I. Kravchenko2 1University of Kansas, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, USA 2University of Nebraska � Lincoln... to successive waveforms. Each 0.5 meter division horizontally corresponds to approximately 5 ns. -20 -10 0 10 20 Rx v ol ta ge ( V, a ft er s ca li ng ; of fs e Time (ns, relative) 6 us echo (Vx1) 9.6 us echo (Vx1.3) 13.9 us echo (Vx3.5) 17.2 us echo (Vx10...
Besson, David Zeke; Kravchenko, I.
Generation, Use, Disposal, and Management Options for CCA-Treated Wood
Generation, Use, Disposal, and Management Options for CCA-Treated Wood May 1998 Helena Solo, INVENTORY OF CCA-TREATED WOOD IN FLORIDA II.1 Characteristics of the Florida Wood Treatment Industry in 1996 10 II.2 Generation and Disposal of Cca-treated Wood 14 II.3 Disposal Reservoirs for Cca-treated Wood
Wood elastic characterization from a single sample by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy
Wood elastic characterization from a single sample by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy R. Longoa materials such as wood using only one sample. To do so, two complementary methods are used. First, the wood: Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy, spherical and cubic samples, wood, elastic constants 1. Introduction Wood
Society of Wood Science and Technology State-of-the-Art Review
Society of Wood Science and Technology State-of-the-Art Review CHEMICAL COUPLING IN WOOD FIBER. In this paper, we review coupling agents, pretreatment, and mixing technology for wood fiber and polymer and adhesion Wood ond trhc,r S c r r ~ ~ Society of Wood Sclencc
Method for improving separation of carbohydrates from wood pulping and wood or biomass hydrolysis liquors
A method for separating carbohydrates from pulping liquors includes the steps of providing a wood pulping or wood or biomass hydrolysis pulping liquor having lignin therein, and mixing the liquor with an acid or a gas which forms an acid upon contact with water to initiate precipitation of carbohydrate to begin formation of a precipitate. During precipitation, at least one long chain carboxylated carbohydrate and at least one cationic polymer, such as a polyamine or polyimine are added, wherein the precipitate aggregates into larger precipitate structures. Carbohydrate gel precipitates are then selectively removed from the larger precipitate structures. The method process yields both a carbohydrate precipitate and a high purity lignin.
Griffith, William Louis; Compere, Alicia Lucille; Leitten Jr., Carl Frederick
Using waste wood as fuel saves $2000 per day
Sawdust and wood residue replaced natural gas or number 2 fuel oil to fire 2 kilns at the Cherokee Brick Co. in Raleigh, NC, resulting in savings of $2000/day. Exhaust air from the kilns was sent directly back to a rotating dryer to dry the waste wood. The dried wood containing 8 to 12% moisture was supplied, around the clock, at a rate of 140 ton/day of dry material. (BLM)
Ragland, W. (Cherokee Brick Co., Raleigh, NC); Byrnes, D.
Transient Simulation of On-Chip Transmission Lines via Exact Pole Extraction
Transient Simulation of On-Chip Transmission Lines via Exact Pole Extraction Guoqing Chen and Eby G response at the far end of a transmission line is proposed in this paper. Unlike approximating the poles, on-chip interconnects exhibit significant transmission line behavior. An efficient solution
Friedman, Eby G.
ULYSSES BEGINS EXPLORATION OF THE SUN'S NORTHERN POLE The Ulysses spacecraft has begun to explore the
ULYSSES BEGINS EXPLORATION OF THE SUN'S NORTHERN POLE The Ulysses spacecraft has begun to explore the northern pole of the Sun, initiating the second phase of its primary mission to study regions above and below the Sun never before explored by spacecraft. Ulysses, a joint NASA-European Space Agency mission
Christian, Eric
arsenate cca wood: Topics by E-print Network
in Renewable Energy Websites Summary: of primary energy in Estonia Wood fuels production Pellet firing projects in Estonia - SIDA Demo East firing projects in...
Wood-Coal Fired "Small" Boiler Case Study
extremely attrac t:i.ve to today's capital investment market. 7. Several states, including North Carolina, have enacted 15% State Tax Credits to further the use of wood fuel boilers. Specific examples of the utilization of wood as a boiler fuel include... on the fact that Galaxy would be purchasing all of its waste wood fuel, as well as supplemental coal if needed. Efficiency guarantees of 80% on wood waste with less than 10% moisture content were given, as well as 78.5% on coal. These efficiencies were...
Pincelli, R. D.
FIEA Advancing Wood Technology Forest Industry Engineering Scholarship
year. Forestry and wood products companies, key product suppliers, researchers and technology qualification. This FIEA Scholarship has also been set up to encourage and support an outstanding student
Hickman, Mark
Resistance of biofilm-covered mortars to microbiologically influenced deterioration simulated by sulfuric acid exposure
Following the reported success of biofilm applications on metal surfaces to inhibit microbiologically influenced corrosion, effectiveness and sustainability of E. coli DH5? biofilm on mortar surface to prevent microbiologically influenced concrete deterioration (MICD) are investigated. Experiments simulating microbial attack were carried out by exposing incrementally biofilm-covered mortar specimens to sulfuric acid solutions with pH ranging from 3 to 6. Results showed that calcium concentration in control reactors without biofilm was 23�47% higher than the reactors with biofilm-covered mortar. Formation of amorphous silica gel as an indication of early stages of acid attack was observed only on the control mortar specimens without biofilm. During acidification, the biofilm continued to grow and its thickness almost doubled from ? 30 ?m before acidification to ? 60 ?m after acidification. These results demonstrated that E. coli DH5? biofilm was able to provide a protective and sustainable barrier on mortar surfaces against medium to strong sulfuric acid attack. -- Highlights: �Effectiveness of E.coli DH5? biofilm to prevent MICD was studied. �Conditions that lead to MICD were simulated by chemical acidification. �Biofilm-covered mortar specimens were exposed to sulfuric acid solutions. �The presence of biofilm helped reduce the chemically-induced mortar deterioration. �Biofilm remained alive and continued to grow during the acidification process.
Soleimani, Sahar, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Isgor, O. Burkan, E-mail: email@example.com; Ormeci, Banu, E-mail: email@example.com
Stacy Wood's Personal Biography Dr. Wood's research focuses on how consumers respond and adapt to change or innovation. This applies both to
Stacy Wood's Personal Biography Dr. Wood's research focuses on how consumers respond and adapt, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Consumer Psychology, and Journal of Retailing. Dr. Wood joined the NC Undergraduate Teaching Award, the University of South Carolina's top undergraduate teaching honor. Dr. Wood
Wood Pulp Digetster Wall Corrosion Investigation
The modeling of the flow in a wood pulp digester is but one component of the investigation of the corrosion of digesters. This report describes the development of a Near-Wall-Model (NWM) that is intended to couple with a CFD model that determines the flow, heat, and chemical species transport and reaction within the bulk flow of a digester. Lubrication theory approximations were chosen from which to develop a model that could determine the flow conditions within a thin layer near the vessel wall using information from the interior conditions provided by a CFD calculation of the complete digester. The other conditions will be determined by coupled solutions of the wood chip, heat, and chemical species transport and chemical reactions. The NWM was to couple with a digester performance code in an iterative fashion to provide more detailed information about the conditions within the NW region. Process Simulations, Ltd (PSL) is developing the digester performance code. This more detailed (and perhaps more accurate) information from the NWM was to provide an estimate of the conditions that could aggravate the corrosion at the wall. It is intended that this combined tool (NWM-PSL) could be used to understand conditions at/near the wall in order to develop methods to reduce the corrosion. However, development and testing of the NWM flow model took longer than anticipated and the other developments (energy and species transport, chemical reactions and linking with the PSL code) were not completed. The development and testing of the NWM are described in this report. In addition, the investigation of the potential effects of a clear layer (layer reduced in concentration of wood chips) near the wall is reported in Appendix D. The existence of a clear layer was found to enhance the flow near the wall.
Giles, GE
Life in the woods : production and consumption of the urban forest
The use of wood is fraught with paradox. Wood as a building material is embraced for its naturalness, while the cutting of trees is indicted as a destruction of nature. Wood is lauded for its structural properties and ...
Volicer, Nadine (Nadine M.)
The use of a permanent magnet for water content measurements of wood chips
Diagram of a Wood Chip Moisture Content Measurement DeviceMeasurement of Moisture Content in Wood Chips Using NMR andWood chip water-content tests were done over a broad range of moisture contents
Calorimetric analysis of fungal degraded wood
Endothermic transition and gross heat of combustion of aspenwood subjected to degradation by Lenzites trabea and Polyporus versicolor were determined by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and an adiabatic O bomb. Endothermic peak areas of undegraded and fungi-degraded wood differed from each other at all levels of weight loss. The regression analysis of the DSC data vs. weight loss revealed a significant relations, although not highly correlated, for P. versicolor-degraded specimens and a nonsignificant relation for L. trabea-degraded specimens; weight loss and gross heat of combustion values of degraded specimens were significantly correlated.
Blankenhorn, P.R.; Baldwin, R.C.; Merrill, W. Jr.; Ottone, S.P.
Rachel Woods-Robinson | Department of Energy
Office of Environmental Management (EM)
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul(Summary) "of Energy Power Systems Engineering Research and DevelopmentDepartmentinBatteryRachel Woods-Robinson About
Beverly Woods | Y-12 National Security Complex
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmospheric Optical Depth (AOD)ProductssondeadjustsondeadjustAboutScienceCareers Apply for a JobBernardthe AlcatorBeverly Woods Beverly
How Wood Chip Size Affects Pretreatment Effectiveness of Woody Biomass for Biological Processing
of wood: effect of chip size, acid, moisture content andis the wood chip width, M is the moisture content (%), G is
Tam, Jerry
Relative Leaching and Aquatic Toxicity of Pressure-Treated Wood
Relative Leaching and Aquatic Toxicity of Pressure-Treated Wood Products Using Batch Leaching Tests treated with one of five different waterborne chemical preservatives, were leached using 18-h batch- treated wood at concentrations above the U.S. federal toxicity characteristic limit (5 mg/L). All
A Chemical Stain for Identifying Arsenic-Treated Wood
A Chemical Stain for Identifying Arsenic-Treated Wood (FINAL) Submitted June 23, 2006 Amy Omae.2 Motivation 4 I.3 Objectives 5 CHAPTER II, DEVELOPMENT OF A CHEMICAL STAIN FOR IDENTIFYING ARSENIC-TREATED Applications 22 II.5 Resulting Stain to Identify Arsenic-Treated Wood and Methods of Testing 25 CHAPTER III
Trends and Market Effects of Wood Energy Policies
Trends and Market Effects of Wood Energy Policies Bengt Hillring SLU SWEDEN http://www.unece.org/trade for energy is expected to increase · Trade of wood products is also expected to increase · COMPETITION is the main international energy source · Climate change Energy production CO2 · European Union different
SECO - Dow Corning's Wood Fueled Industrial Cogeneration Project
In 1979, Dow Corning Corporation decided to build a wood fueled steam and electric cogeneration (SECO) power plant at Midland, Michigan. This decision was prompted by the high cost of oil and natural gas, an abundant supply of wood in mid Michigan...
Betts, W. D.
Fibre Based Modeling of Wood Dynamics and Fracture
Fibre Based Modeling of Wood Dynamics and Fracture by Sean Meiji Sutherland B.Sc., The University for the simulation of the dynamics and fracturing char- acteristics of wood, specifically its anisotropic behaviour bundles of fibres. Additionally, we describe the conditions under which fracture occurs in the material
Bridson, Robert
Through-thickness ultrasonic characterization of wood and
in the form of bark, wood chips, sawdust, cotton gin trash, rice hulls, and sugar ba- gasse (Kleit et al. 1994. It was found that the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was positively related to particulate sizeThrough-thickness ultrasonic characterization of wood and agricultural fiber composites Ronnie Y
Wood, energy and households: Perspectives on rural Kenya
This book presents papers on the use of wood fuels in Kenya. Topics considered include domestic energy consumption, historical aspects, the Kenyan economy, ecology, supply and demand, forests, aspects of energy consumption in a pastoral ecosystem, estimation of present and future demand for wood fuels, and energy source development.
Barnes, C.; Ensminger, J.; O'Keefe, P.
Biomass plants face wood supply risks Report warns giant new biomass power plants will be hugely reliant on wood chip
Biomass plants face wood supply risks Report warns giant new biomass power plants will be hugely's biomass energy sector could be undermined unless businesses move to resolve the supply chain issues-scale biomass plants will leave generators largely reliant on biomass from overseas such as wood chips, elephant
Poles as the only true resonant-state signals extracted from a worldwide collection of partial-wave amplitudes using only one, well controlled pole-extraction method
Each and every energy-dependent partial-wave analysis is parametrizing the pole positions in a procedure defined by the way the continuous energy dependence is implemented. These pole positions are, henceforth, inherently model dependent. To reduce this model dependence, we use only one, coupled-channel, unitary, fully analytic method based on the isobar approximation to extract the pole positions from each available member of the worldwide collection of partial-wave amplitudes, which are understood as nothing more but a good energy-dependent representation of genuine experimental numbers assembled in a form of partial-wave data. In that way, the model dependence related to the different assumptions on the analytic form of the partial-wave amplitudes is avoided, and the true confidence limit for the existence of a particular resonant state, at least in one model, is established. The way the method works and first results are demonstrated for the S{sub 11} partial wave.
Hadzimehmedovic, M.; Osmanovic, H.; Stahov, J. [Univerzity of Tuzla, Faculty of Science, Univerzitetska 4, 75000 Tuzla (Bosnia and Herzegowina); Ceci, S.; Svarc, A. [Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, P.O. Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb (Croatia)
Multipass comminution process to produce precision wood particles of uniform size and shape with disrupted grain structure from wood chips
A process of comminution of wood chips (C) having a grain direction to produce a mixture of wood particles (P), wherein the wood chips are characterized by an average length dimension (L.sub.C) as measured substantially parallel to the grain, an average width dimension (W.sub.C) as measured normal to L.sub.C and aligned cross grain, and an average height dimension (H.sub.C) as measured normal to W.sub.C and L.sub.C, and wherein the comminution process comprises the step of feeding the wood chips in a direction of travel substantially randomly to the grain direction one or more times through a counter rotating pair of intermeshing arrays of cutting discs (D) arrayed axially perpendicular to the direction of wood chip travel.
Implementing Strategies for Drying and Pressing Wood Without Emissions Controls
Drying and pressing wood for the manufacture of lumber, particleboard, oriented strand board (OSB), veneer and medium density fiberboard (MDF) release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere. These emissions require control equipment that are capital-intensive and consume significant quantities of natural gas and electricity. The objective of our work was to understand the mechanisms through which volatile organic compounds are generated and released and to develop simple control strategies. Of the several strategies developed, two have been implemented for OSB manufacture over the course of this study. First, it was found that increasing final wood moisture by about 2-4 percentage points reduced the dryer emissions of hazardous air pollutants by over 70%. As wood dries, the escaping water evaporatively cools the wood. This cooling tapers off wood when the wood is nearly dry and the wood temperature rises. Thermal breakdown of the wood tissue occurs and VOCs are released. Raising the final wood moisture by only a few percentage points minimizes the temperature rise and reduces emissions. Evaporative cooling also impacts has implications for VOC release from wood fines. Flaking wood for OSB manufacture inevitable generates fines. Fines dry out rapidly because of their high surface area and evaporative cooling is lost more rapidly than for flakes. As a result, fines emit a disproportionate quantity of VOCs. Fines can be reduced in two ways: through screening of the green furnish and through reducing their generation during flaking. The second approach is preferable because it also increased wood yield. A procedure to do this by matching the sharpness angle of the flaker knife to the ambient temperature was also developed. Other findings of practical interests are as follows: Dielectric heating of wood under low-headspace conditions removes terpenes and other extractives from softwood; The monoterpene content in trees depend upon temperature and seasonal effects; Method 25A emissions from lumber drying can be modeled from a knowledge of the airflow through the kiln; A heat transfer model shows that VOCs released during hot-pressing mainly originate from the surface of the board; and Boiler ash can be used to adsorb formaldehyde from air streams.
Sujit Banerjee; Terrance Conners
June 15, 1996 / Vol. 21, No. 12 / OPTICS LETTERS 857 Photorefractive effects in periodically poled ferroelectrics
- conversion interactions.2 � 5 There have been several reports that periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN s is a parameter that depends on the properties of the host crystal, donors, and traps and nd is the dark
Fejer, Martin M.
Measurement of sound speed vs. depth in South Pole ice: pressure waves and shear waves
Price, Attenuation of acoustic waves in glacial ice and saltacoustics, South Pole, sound speed, pressure waves,shear waves PACS: 47.35.De, 47.35.Rs, 62.65. +k, 92.40.Vq,
Klein, Spencer
Nested Saturation with Guaranteed Real Poles1 Eric N. Johnson2
Nested Saturation with Guaranteed Real Poles1 Eric N. Johnson2 and Suresh K. Kannan 3 School Assistant Professor of Avionics Integration email@example.com 3Graduate Research Assistant suresh
Johnson, Eric N.
0908.3251. [29] B. Semburg, HADES�Hydrophone for Acousticand two sensor modules of the �HADES� design with one sensorDetection at South Pole�, HADES [29]). The sensors are
Wood smoke inhalation increases pulmonary microvascular permeability
The effect of wood smoke inhalation (SI) on pulmonary vascular permeability was studied in open-chested, anesthetized dogs. Animals were divided into two groups. A prenodal lymphatic vessel was cannulated in group I (n = 7), and baseline (BL) lung lymph flow (QL) and lymph (CL) and plasma (CP) protein concentrations were measured. The animals' lungs were then ventilated with wood smoke for 5 minutes. Left atrial pressure (Pla) was increased above baseline (mean 16.7 +/- 2.2 mm Hg), and the ratio of CL to CP was used to assess endothelial permeability at high lymph flows. There was little change in either QL (BL: 27 +/- 9; SI: 27 +/- 5 microliters/min) or CL/CP (BL: 0.76 +/- 0.03; SI: 0.74 +/- 0.02) after SI at normal Pla. Elevation of Pla caused a significant increase in QL (136 +/- 15 microliters/min), but CL/CP (0.67 +/- 0.02) failed to decrease significantly at high lymph flows. In group II (n = 15) total protein concentration of airway fluid was compared with that of plasma after smoke inhalation, intravenous alloxan, and increased Pla. The ratio of protein concentration in airway fluid to plasma after SI (0.70 +/- 0.07) was greater than that obtained with increased Pla (0.64 +/- 0.07) but less than that after alloxan (0.85 +/- 0.04). These data indicate that SI in the dog results in a moderate increase in pulmonary vascular permeability that is less severe than that induced by alloxan.
Nieman, G.F.; Clark, W.R. Jr.; Goyette, D.; Hart, A.K.; Bredenberg, C.E.
Resolution of the multichannel anomaly in the extraction of S-matrix resonance-pole parameters
Within the framework of a mathematically well-defined coupled-channel T-matrix model we have improved the existing multichannel pole-extraction procedure based on the numerical analytic continuation of the channel propagator, and for the first time we present the full set of pole parameters for already published amplitudes. Standard single-channel pole-extraction method (speed plot) was then applied to those amplitudes and resulting sets of T-matrix poles were inspected. The anomaly has been established that in some partial waves the pole values extracted using the standard single-channel methods differ not only from the values obtained using the analytic continuation method, but also change from one reaction to another. Inspired by this peculiarity, we have developed a new single-channel pole-extraction method based solely on the assumption of the partial wave analyticity. Since the speed plot turns out to be the lowest order term of the proposed method, the anomaly is understood and resolved.
Ceci, Sasa [Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb (Croatia); Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 (United States); Stahov, Jugoslav [Abilene Christian University, ACU Station Box 27963, Abilene, TX 79699 (United States); University of Tuzla, Faculty of Science, Univerzitetska 4, 35000 Tuzla (Bosnia and Herzegowina); Svarc, Alfred; Zauner, Branimir [Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka cesta 54, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb (Croatia); Watson, Shon [Abilene Christian University, ACU Station Box 27963, Abilene, TX 79699 (United States)
An economical and market analysis of Canadian wood pellets.
This study systematically examined the current and future wood pellet market, estimated the cost of Canadian torrefied pellets, and compared the torrefied pellets with the conventional pellets based on literature and industrial data. The results showed that the wood pellet industry has been gaining significant momentum due to the European bioenergy incentives and the rising oil and natural gas prices. With the new bioenergy incentives in USA, the future pellets market may shift to North America, and Canada can potentially become the largest pellet production centre, supported by the abundant wood residues and mountain pine beetle (MPB) infested trees.
Peng, J. [University of British Columbia, Vancouver
Author's personal copy Evaluation of methods for sorting CCA-treated wood
Author's personal copy Evaluation of methods for sorting CCA-treated wood Gary Jacobi a , Helena contains treated wood including wood treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA). Many recycling options of sorting methods for identifying treated wood. Sorting methods evaluated included visual sorting and visual
Wood plastic composites based on microfibrillar blends of high density polyethylene/poly(ethylene terephthalate)
Wood plastic composites based on microfibrillar blends of high density polyethylene January 2010 Keywords: Wood plastic composites Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Polyethylene Extrusion a b into wood plastic composites through a two-step reactive extrusion technology. Wood flour was added into pre
short-wood and is also character-ized by large payloads and long
short-wood and is also character- ized by large payloads and long distances. However, due to our- mately 90% of wood arrives at mills by truck, with 10% arriving through a combination of water and rail. Of the roundwood deliv- ery, approximately 93% is in long- wood form, with the small remain- der being short-wood
Bolding, M. Chad
Jmtland County Energy Agency Comfortable use of wood pellets in one-family houses in
Jämtland County Energy Agency Sweden 1 Comfortable use of wood pellets in one-family houses-operation with the Swedish Energy Agency, carried through the project "Comfortable use of wood pellets in one-family houses of one-family houses to start using wood pellets and an increase of the use of wood pellets in one
Copyright (to be inserted by Humphrey) Thermal and Dynamic-mechanical Properties of Wood-PVC
Citation & Copyright (to be inserted by Humphrey) Thermal and Dynamic-mechanical Properties of Wood-PVC properties, maleation, thermal analysis, wood veneer, wood-PVC composites ABSTRACT The influence of maleation on thermal and dynamic-mechanical properties of wood-PVC composites was investigated in this study
PROPERTIES OF HDPE/CLAY/WOOD NANOCOMPOSITES , C. M. Clemons 2
from wood, kenaf, flax, hemp, cotton, Kraft pulp, coconut husk, areca fruit, pineapple leaf, oil palm
Dynamics of wood recruitment in streams of the northeastern US Dana R. Warren a,
: Large woody debris LWD Riparian forest Wood recruitment Wood dynamics Stream restoration Debris dam restoration efforts often incorporate large wood. In most cases, however, stream restoration projectsDynamics of wood recruitment in streams of the northeastern US Dana R. Warren a, *, Clifford E
Kraft, Clifford E.
Ethanol production using corn, switchgrass, and wood; Biodiesel production using soybean and
production using wood biomass required 57 % more fossil energy than the ethanol fuel produced. � Biodiesel
David Pimentel; Tad W. Patzek
Method for lowering the VOCS emitted during drying of wood products
The present invention is directed to a method for removal of VOCs from wood products prior to drying the wood products. The method of the invention includes the steps of providing a chamber having an opening for receiving wood and loading the chamber with green wood. The wood is loaded to an extent sufficient to provide a limited headspace in the chamber. The chamber is then closed and the wood is heated in the chamber for a time and at a temperature sufficient to saturate the headspace with moisture and to substantially transfer VOCs from the wood product to the moisture in the headspace.
Banerjee, Sujit (1832 Jacksons Creek Point, Marietta, GA 30068); Boerner, James Robert (154 Junedale Rd., Cincinnati, OH 45218); Su, Wei (2262 Orleans Ave., Marietta, GA 30062)
Adaptation of an Electrochemistry-based Li-Ion Battery Model to Account for Deterioration Observed Under Randomized Use
Adaptation of an Electrochemistry-based Li-Ion Battery Model to Account for Deterioration Observed). In this paper, we use an electrochemistry-based lithium ion (Li-ion) battery model developed in (Daigle, Moffett Field, CA 94035 firstname.lastname@example.com ABSTRACT Tracking the variation in battery dynamics
Daigle, Matthew
Deterioration of plutonium isotopic analysis with neurtron damage to HPGe detectors
The effects of neutron (n) damage on HPGe detectors used to measure Pu isotopic ratios were investigated. Both a p-type planar and an n-type coaxial detector were progressively neutron damaged up to a total integrated flux of >5{times}10{sup 9} n/cm{sup 2} from a {sup 252}Cf source. Severe deterioration of selected peak shapes and degradation in the Pu isotopic analysis capability were observed and quantified by using the GRPANL and MGA codes developed at LLNL. After an integrated exposure of 1{times}10{sup 9} n/cm{sup 2} the Pu spectrum from the coaxial detector could not be analyzed with MGA. The planar detector spectrum continued to be analyzable with MGA up to 4{times}10{sup 9} n/cm{sup 2}. Cooling the planar detector to 80 K with an electrically-cooled cryostat could extent its useful lifetime up to an exposure of 2{times}10{sup 10} n/cm{sup 2}. 11 refs., 7 figs. , 1 tab.
Koenig, Z.M.; Gunnink, R.; Ruhter, W.D.; Camp, D.C.
Kilowatts From Waste Wood In The Furniture Industry
recently, the Singer Furniture Co., Lenoir, N. Carolina, purchased a 450 kilowatt steam turbine/induction generator set to use extra steam - produced by 'free' waste wood fuel - in generating 15% of the plant's electrical energy demand. The turbine...
Nailen, R. L.
The Honorable John T. 'Gregorio 301 N. Wood Avenue
Office of Legacy Management (LM)
Wood Avenue Linden, 'New Jersey 07036 d. Dear Mayor Gregorio: ,' ,' .' , Secretary of Energy Hazel O'Leary has announced a new approach to openness, in the'llepartment' of...
STUDIA FORESTALIA SUECICA Wood resource dynamics in the
way or another. Wood Resource Dynamics (i.e. this volunze) describes the historical back- ground . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Act one: Development determined by . . . . . . .free market forces 3.3 Act two: Government price
García, Oscar
Seismic rehabilitation of wood diaphragms in unreinforced masonary buildings
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the seismic performance of existing and rehabilitated wood floor and roof diaphragms in typical pre-1950's, unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings found in the Central and Eastern portions of the United States...
Grubbs, Amber Jo
aspen wood chips: Topics by E-print Network
8 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR THE SIMULATION OF BOILERS USING OIL, GAS, PELLETS OR WOOD CHIPS CiteSeer Summary: A detailed model for the simulation of boilers using...
Wood Gasification: Where It's At, Where It's Going
This paper discusses the principles and practice of various designs of biomass/wood gasifiers. In general, the basic principle of gasification is reviewed. A look at existing gasifier schemes, including packed bed updraft, downdraft, and fluidized...
Murphy, M. L.
Wood Products Marketing And Value-Added Opportunities In Latin America: A Focus on Brazil Richard School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State University Presented at: PANORAMA Curitiba, Brazil
Long-term lime pretreatment of poplar wood
Lignocellulosic biomass (e.g., poplar wood) provides a unique and sustainable resource for environmentally safe organic fuels and chemicals. The core of this study is the pretreatment step involved in bioconversion processes. Pretreatment...
Sierra Ramirez, Rocio
RFPs Due for Statewide Wood Energy Cooperative Agreement
The U.S. Forest Service requests proposals for the 2014 Statewide Wood Energy Teams (SWET) Cooperative Agreement. The outcome anticipated under this funding mechanism will advance the United States...
RFPs Due for Hazardous Fuel Wood to Energy Grant
The U.S. Forest Service requests proposals for the 2014 Hazardous Fuel Wood to Energy (W2E) Grant.� The outcome anticipated under this funding mechanism will advance the United States Department of...
Moisture Distribution and Flow During Drying of Wood and Fiber
New understanding, theories, and techniques for moisture flow and distribution were developed in this research on wood and wood fiber. Improved understanding of the mechanisms of flake drying has been provided. Observations of flake drying and drying rate curves revealed that rate of moisture loss consisted of two falling rate periods and no constant rate drying period was observed. Convective heat transfer controls the first period, and bound water diffusion controls the second period. Influence of lower drying temperatures on bending properties of wood flakes was investigated. Drying temperature was found to have a significant influence on bending stiffness and strength. A worksheet for calculation of the energy required to dry a single strandboard flake was developed but has not been tested in an industrial setting yet. A more complete understanding of anisotropic transverse shrinkage of wood is proposed based on test results and statistical analysis. A simplified mod el of a wood cell's cross-section was drawn for calculating differential transverse shrinkage. The model utilizes cell wall thickness and microfibrillar packing density and orientation. In spite of some phenomena of cell wall structure not yet understood completely, the results might explain anisotropic transverse shrinkage to a major extent. Boundary layer theory was found useful for evaluating external moisture resistance during drying. Simulated moisture gradients were quire comparable to the actual gradients in dried wood. A mathematical procedure for determining diffusion and surface emission coefficients was also developed. Thermal conductivity models of wood derived from its anatomical structure were created and tested against experimental values. Model estimations provide insights into changes in heat transfer parameters during drying. Two new techniques for measuring moisture gradients created in wood during drying were developed. A new technique that utilizes optical properties of cobalt chloride was developed for nondestructive determination of surface moisture content. Fundamental new understanding of drying characteristics in wood and fiber has been provided that can be used by researchers to improve drying of wood and fiber. The three techniques for measuring moisture content and gradients provided in this study are efficient, practical, and economical - easy to apply by industry and researchers. An energy consumption worksheet is provided as a first step toward reducing energy consumed during drying of lumber and strandboard flakes. However, it will need additional verification and testing.
Zink-Sharp, Audrey; Hanna, Robert B.
Characterization of coplanar poled electro optic polymer films for Si-photonic devices with multiphoton microscopy
We imaged coplanar poled electro optic (EO) polymer films on transparent substrates with a multiple-photon microscope in reflection and correlated the second-harmonic light intensity with the results of Pockels coefficient (r{sub 33}) measurements. This allowed us to make quantitative measurements of poled polymer films on non-transparent substrates like silicon, which are not accessible with traditional Pockels coefficient measurement techniques. Phase modulators consisting of silicon waveguide devices with EO polymer claddings with a known Pockels coefficient (from V{sub ?} measurements) were used to validate the correlation between the second-harmonic signal and r{sub 33}. This also allowed us to locally map the r{sub 33} coefficient in the poled area.
Himmelhuber, R., E-mail: email@example.com; Mehravar, S. S.; Herrera, O. D.; Demir, V.; Kieu, K.; Norwood, R. A.; Peyghambarian, N. [College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 (United States); Luo, J. [Soluxra LLC, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States); Jen, A. K.-Y. [Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 (United States)
Instrument for analysis of electric motors based on slip-poles component
A new instrument is described for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician. 4 figs.
Haynes, H.D.; Ayers, C.W.; Casada, D.A.
A new instrument for monitoring the condition and speed of an operating electric motor from a remote location. The slip-poles component is derived from a motor current signal. The magnitude of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor condition monitor, while the frequency of the slip-poles component provides the basis for a motor speed monitor. The result is a simple-to-understand motor health monitor in an easy-to-use package. Straightforward indications of motor speed, motor running current, motor condition (e.g., rotor bar condition) and synthesized motor sound (audible indication of motor condition) are provided. With the device, a relatively untrained worker can diagnose electric motors in the field without requiring the presence of a trained engineer or technician.
Haynes, Howard D. (Knoxville, TN); Ayers, Curtis W. (Clinton, TN); Casada, Donald A. (Knoxville, TN)
Wood/coal cofiring in industrial stoker boilers
Realizing that a significant reduction in the global emissions of fossil carbon dioxide may require the installation of a wide variety of control technologies, options for large and small boilers are receiving attention. With over 1,500 coal-fired stoker boilers in the US, biomass co-firing is of interest, which would also open markets for waste wood which is presently landfilled at significant costs ranging from $20--200/ton. While much cofiring occurs inside the fence, where industrial firms burn wastes in their site boilers, other opportunities exist. Emphasis has been placed on stoker boilers in the northeastern US, where abundant supplies of urban wood waste are generally known to exist. Broken pallets form a significant fraction of this waste. In 1997, the cofiring of a volumetric mixture of 30% ground broken pallet material and 70% coal was demonstrated successfully at the traveling-grate stoker boilerplant of the Pittsburgh Brewing Company. Fourteen test periods, with various wood/coal mixtures blended on site, and two extended test periods, using wood/coal mixtures blended at the coal terminal and transported by truck to the brewery, were conducted. The 30% wood/70% coal fuel was conveyed through the feed system without difficulty, and combusted properly on the grate while meeting opacity requirements with low SO{sub 2} and NO{sub x} emissions. Efforts are underway to commercialize a wood/coal blend at the brewery, to identify specific urban wood supplies in the Pittsburgh region and to conduct a demonstration at a spreader stoker.
Cobb, J.T. Jr.; Elder, W.W.; Freeman, M.C.
Pole structure from energy-dependent and single-energy fits to $?N$ elastic scattering data
The pole structure of the current GW/SAID partial-wave analysis of elastic $\\pi N$ scattering and $\\eta N$ production data is studied. Pole positions and residues are extracted from both the energy-dependent and single-energy fits, using two different methods. For the energy-dependent fits, both contour integration and a Laurent+Pietarinen approach are used. In the case of single-energy fits, the Laurent+Pietarinen approach is used. Errors are estimated and the two sets of results are compared to other recent and older fits to data.
Alfred �varc; Mirza Had�imehmedovi?; Hedim Osmanovi?; Jugoslav Stahov; Ron L. Workman
Decision-maker's guide to wood fuel for small industrial energy users. Final report. [Includes glossary
The technology and economics of various wood energy systems available to the small industrial and commercial energy user are considered. This book is designed to help a plant manager, engineer, or others in a decision-making role to become more familiar with wood fuel systems and make informed decisions about switching to wood as a fuel. The following subjects are discussed: wood combustion, pelletized wood, fuel storage, fuel handling and preparation, combustion equipment, retrofitting fossil-fueled boilers, cogeneration, pollution abatement, and economic considerations of wood fuel use. (MHR)
Levi, M. P.; O'Grady, M. J.
Journal of Hazardous Materials A135 (2006) 2131 Leaching of chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood in a
-treated wood is incinerated, resulting arsenic emis- sions demand the use of proper air pollution control, mining waste, or wood. The feasibility of managing CCA-treated wood in monofills was examined using
Comminution process to produce precision wood particles of uniform size and shape with disrupted grain structure from wood chips
A process of comminution of wood chips (C) having a grain direction to produce a mixture of wood particles (P), wherein the wood chips are characterized by an average length dimension (L.sub.C) as measured substantially parallel to the grain, an average width dimension (W.sub.C) as measured normal to L.sub.C and aligned cross grain, and an average height dimension (H.sub.C) as measured normal to W.sub.C and L.sub.C, and wherein the comminution process comprises the step of feeding the wood chips in a direction of travel substantially randomly to the grain direction through a counter rotating pair of intermeshing arrays of cutting discs (D) arrayed axially perpendicular to the direction of wood chip travel, wherein the cutting discs have a uniform thickness (T.sub.D), and wherein at least one of L.sub.C, W.sub.C, and H.sub.C is greater than T.sub.D.
Yeast Mps1p Phosphorylates the Spindle Pole Component Spc110p in the N-terminal Domain*
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Davis, Trisha N.
Monte Carlo Posterior Integration in GARCH Peter M uller and Andy Pole
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West, Mike
Looking Deep from the South Pole: Star Formation in the Thermal Infrared
Looking Deep from the South Pole: Star Formation in the Thermal Infrared Michael G.Burton, John W extra-galactic star formation through a deep survey of the Hubble Deep Field{South in this band. We-eminent conditions on the Earth for wide- eld imaging at thermal infrared wavelengths. We describe a project to equip
Ashley, Michael C. B.
The Efficiency of Mollies, Poecilia mexicana, as Live Bait for Pole-and-Line
that limited bait supplies prevent further expansion of skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, pole-line skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, fishing. Fishing trials were con- ducted in American Samoa, Tuvalu to Katsuwonus pelamis and yel- lowfin tuna refers to Thunnus alba- cares, as given by Klawe (1977). Patrick G
CONTRIBUTION A LA MISE EN PLACE DU POLE GEOMATIQUE DE LA MIMEL ELABORATION ET STRUCTURATION DE COUCHES "SIG" SUR LA REGLEMENTATION DES PECHES MARITIMES, SUR LES CULTURES MARINES ET SUR LA SENSIBILITE'�tude............................................................................................................. 4 2 R�glementation des p�ches maritimes et cultures marines
Role of Calmodulin and Spc110p Interactionin the Proper Assembly of Spindle Pole Body Components
Role of Calmodulin and Spc110p Interactionin the Proper Assembly of Spindle Pole Body Components PCR mutagenesis with a plasmid shuffle strategy. The temperature-sensitive allele spc110-220 differs the temperature sensitivityof spc110-220. Furthermore, calmodulin levels at the SPB decrease in the mutant cells
PID Controller Synthesis with Shifted Axis Pole Assignment for a Class of MIMO Systems
PID Controller Synthesis with Shifted Axis Pole Assignment for a Class of MIMO Systems A. N. G-output plants, a systematic synthesis is developed for stabilization using Proportional+Integral+Derivative (PID-zero of the plant. Plant classes that admit PID controllers with this property include stable and unstable multi
Gundes, A. N.
Single-Molecule Microscopy Studies of Electric-Field Poling in Chromophore-Polymer Composite Materials
Single-Molecule Microscopy Studies of Electric-Field Poling in Chromophore-Polymer Composite electrooptic devices based on chromophore-polymer composite materials is to improve chromophore ordering of susceptibility.16 Chromophore-polymer composite materials lack inherent non- centrosymmetry, which is required
Reid, Philip J.
Temperature profile for glacial ice at the South Pole: Implications for life nearby subglacial lake
Temperature profile for glacial ice at the South Pole: Implications for life nearby subglacial lake deep of South of #9°C, which is 7°C below pressureinduced melting temperature freshwater produce contamination Lake Vostok. semiempirical expression strain vs. stress, estimate shear depth show Ice
Woschnagg, Kurt
A Serenitatis origin for the Imbrian grooves and South Pole-Aitken thorium anomaly
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Zuber, Maria
Control of Delayed Recycling Systems with an Unstable Pole at Forward Path
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Damage Characterization of the Z24 Bridge by Transfer Function Pole Migration R. Andrew Swartz1
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Lynch, Jerome P.
Metals Concentrations in Soils Below Decks Made of CCA-Treated Wood
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Cavity availability and use in hardwood forests with emphasis on wood ducks
-oak (Pinus spp.-Quercus spp.) forest stands, respectively. Cavities with entrance dimensions suitable for entry by wood ducks (Aix sponsa) were inspected for suitability as wood duck nesting sites. Total cavity densities were similar between forest stands...
Wolter, Derrick Wayne
FRED E. WOOD University of California, Davis, Ph.D., Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry, 1984
FRED E. WOOD EDUCATION University of California, Davis, Ph.D., Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry scholarship and $1 million for endowed reentry student scholarships. #12;FRED E. WOOD Page 2 Obtained over
Amin, S. Massoud
Simulating the dynamics of flexible wood pulp fibres in suspension John M. Stockie
, including wood pulp processing, polymer composites, and formation of fibre-reinforced materials elements to form a surface that re- sists bending and stretching. This is a natural construction for wood
Stockie, John
Milnor-Wood type inequalities for Higgs bundles
We explain how the generalized Milnor-Wood inequality of Burger and Iozzi for reductive representations of a cocompact complex-hyperbolic lattice into a Hermitian Lie group translates under Simpson's non-abelian Hodge correspondence into an inequality for topological invariants of the corresponding Higgs bundles. In this way, we obtain an inequality that holds for all Hermitian Lie groups, generalizing the Milnor-Wood type inequalities for Higgs bundles that have been proved for the classical Hermitian Lie groups by Bradlow, Garcia-Prada, and Gothen and by Koziarz and Maubon.
Hartnick, Tobias
A collection of wood properties. Version 1.1
Reference books are the primary source of wood property data for use in research, school, or business. it has been our experience that obtaining the needed data from several references can be a cumbersome and time-consuming ordeal. These spreadsheets are a compilation of data from several well-known references. Version 1.1 includes the most recent update of commercial woods of the United States and the world. It is intended that they be used for quick summaries, comparisons, and calculations to increase the efficiency of the professional user in report preparation.
Toennisson, R.L.
Management of Discarded Treated Wood Products: A Resource Guide for Generators
Management of Discarded Treated Wood Products: A Resource Guide for Generators Prepared by have been conducting research on treated wood since 1996. During the course of the research, there have been numerous inquiries about the disposal and management options for treated wood products. There has
Preservative leaching from weathered CCA-treated wood Timothy Townsenda,*, Brajesh Dubeya
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Implications for the Future of Treated Wood in Four U.S. Demand Sectors
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Attitudes and Awareness about Treated Wood Products: The U.S. South Homeowner Perspective
Attitudes and Awareness about Treated Wood Products: The U.S. South Homeowner Perspective is preservative-treated (SFPA 2004). In light of increasing market penetration from non-wood alternatives homeowner attitudes and awareness about using treated wood Strategic decisions can be made to better
Wu, Qinglin
U.S. Playground Equipment Manufacturer and Purchaser Perceptions of Treated Wood
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Quantities of Arsenic-Treated Wood in Demolition Debris Generated by
Research Quantities of Arsenic-Treated Wood in Demolition Debris Generated by Hurricane Katrina B R of the demolition debris is wood waste of which a significant proportion is treated with preservatives, including preservatives containing arsenic. As a result of the large scale destruction of treated wood structures
Modeling Sediment and Wood Storage and Dynamics in Small Mountainous Watersheds
85 Modeling Sediment and Wood Storage and Dynamics in Small Mountainous Watersheds Stephen T controls on supply and transport of sediment and wood in a small (approximately two square kilometers) basin in the Oregon Coast Range, typical of streams at the interface between episodic sediment and wood
Matrix penetration in the bulk:In uence of humidity: Morphological analysis of wood welding
Matrix penetration in the bulk:In uence of humidity: Morphological analysis of wood welding.pichelin@b .ch Context: Wood can be welded using linear vibration welding tech- niques similar to the ones in plastic and metal industry[1] . Wood welding allows bonding strength similar to glued joints. However, due
Dalang, Robert C.
A SIMPLE PROOF OF THE F´ARY-WAGNER THEOREM DAVID R. WOOD The purpose of this note is to give at most two. 1 #12;2 DAVID R. WOOD denote the circle of radius centred at s. For each neighbour: firstname.lastname@example.com #12;
Are reefs and mud mounds really so different? Rachel Wood ,1
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Wood science education in a changing world: A case study of the
Wood science education in a changing world: A case study of the UMASS-Amherst building materials & wood technology program, 1965-2005 David T. Damery Peggi Clouston Paul R. Fisette Abstract This paper discusses the historical and current day need for education in the area of building materials and wood
Schweik, Charles M.
WOOD DUCK BROOD MOVEMENTS AND HABITAT USE ON PRAIRIE RIVERS IN SOUTH DAKOTA DIANE A. GRANFORS.'·2. SD 57007. USA ~ .· Absfm£'f: Wood duck (Air SI)0/1.5O) populations have been increasing in the Central Flyway. but little is known about wood duck brood rearing in prairie e
Wood piece quality evaluation using Choquet integral and fuzzy merging Jeremy Jover1,2
Wood piece quality evaluation using Choquet integral and fuzzy merging Jeremy Jover1,2 , Vincent,fuzzy operators, Choquet integral, divergent process Abstract: This paper presents a way to evaluate the wood (what is ideally expected). The wood industry is also concerned by these di- vergent process problems
ORIGINAL PAPER L. Voc adlo K. S. Knight G. D. Price I. G. Wood
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Vocadlo, Lidunka
Large wood recruitment and redistribution in headwater streams in the southern Oregon Coast
Large wood recruitment and redistribution in headwater streams in the southern Oregon Coast Range, U.S.A.1 Christine L. May and Robert E. Gresswell Abstract: Large wood recruitment and redistribution and topographic setting strongly influenced processes that delivered wood to the channel network. In small
May, Christine L.
Wood Transportation Systems-A Spin-Off of a Computerized Information
Wood Transportation Systems-A Spin-Off of a Computerized Information and Mapping Technique William of the system to determine the allocation and association of wood sources and markets. INTRODUCTION In December strategies of wood origins and potential markets to be correlated very accurately and rapidly. Transportation
Use of Wood Waste in Rehabilitation of Landings Constructed on Fine-Textured
Use of Wood Waste in Rehabilitation of Landings Constructed on Fine-Textured Soils, Central rehabilitated with three operationally feasible treatments: (1) incorpora- tion of waste wood chips (140 t of chipped wood wastes, with appropriate supplementary N fertilization, in rehabilitation of access
Sanborn, Paul
Streamlined LCA of Wood Pellets: Export and Possible Utilization in UBC
Streamlined LCA of Wood Pellets: Export and Possible Utilization in UBC Boiler House CHBE 573 Ann Pa May 15, 2009 #12;2 | P a g e INTRODUCTION Wood pellets are a type of biofuels and are often made. Like all biofuels, wood pellets are carbon- neutral and renewable and are very popular in Europe
Illegal loggin and wood energy: UNECE Timber Committee discusses policy issues of the day SEARCH SITEMAP
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Energy flow and ecosystem dynamics and wood energy in forest ecosystems
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Presentation 2.6: Wood waste for energy: lessons learnt from tropical regions Paul Vantomme
of forest products with more value adding, and promoting the use of wood waste to increase energy efficiency tropical timber trade · almost 80% of the world's tropical forests ITTO Wood Waste for Energy Working and forest industries GhanaDevelopment of energy alternatives for the efficient utilization of wood
Society of Wood Science and Technology Convention 10-12 November 2008, Concepcin, Chile
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Name: Qinglin Wu Title: Roy O Martin Sr. Professor, Composites and Engineered Wood Products
(ASTM), Philadelphia, PA · Forest Products Society, Madison, WI · Society of Wood and Science Technology Organizations · International Research Group in Wood Preservation, Stockholm, Sweden · American Chemical Society (ACS) · American Wood Preservation Association (AWPA) · American Society for Testing and Materials
SECTION 50 Table of Contents 50 Lake Rufus Woods Management Plan .........................................................2
and formation of the Subbasin Work Teams and the process used to develop and adopt the management plan can50-1 SECTION 50 Table of Contents 50 Lake Rufus Woods Management Plan .........................................................................28 #12;50-2 50 Lake Rufus Woods Management Plan The Lake Rufus Woods Subbasin Management Plan
Double-pole nature of $?(1405)$ studied with coupled-channel complex scaling method using complex-range Gaussian basis
The excited hyperon $\\Lambda(1405)$ is the important building block for kaonic nuclei which are nuclear many-body system with anti-kaons. We have been investigating the $\\Lambda(1405)$ resonance with the coupled-channel Complex Scaling Method (ccCSM) in which the $\\Lambda(1405)$ is treated as a hadron-molecular state of a $\\bar{K}N$-$\\pi\\Sigma$ coupled system. We use a $\\bar{K}N$(-$\\pi Y$) potential based on the chiral SU(3) theory. In this article, we report the double-pole nature of the $\\Lambda(1405)$, which is a characteristic property predicted by many studies with chiral SU(3)-based models. With the help of the complex-range Gaussian basis in ccCSM, we have found successfully another pole besides a pole near the $\\bar{K}N$ threshold (called higher pole) which was found in our previous work with the real-range Gaussian basis. The new pole (called lower pole) is found far below $\\bar{K}N$ threshold: $(M, -\\Gamma/2)=(1395, -138)$ MeV when $f_\\pi=110$ MeV. In spite of so broad width of the lower-pole state, the state is clearly identified with good separation from continuum states, since the oscillatory behavior of the continuum states is improved owing to the complex-range Gaussian basis. Analyzing the ccCSM wave function of the lower pole, we have revealed explicitly that the lower-pole state is dominated by the $\\pi\\Sigma$ component rather than the $\\bar{K}N$ component. We have confirmed that the ccCSM wave function is correctly connected to the asymptotic form of the resonance wave function. We have estimated the meson-baryon mean distance for the lower-pole state as well as for the higher-pole state. In addition, we have investigated the origin of the appearance of the lower pole. The lower pole is confirmed to be generated by the energy dependence attributed to the chiral dynamics, by comparing the result of an energy-independent potential.
Akinobu Dote; Takayuki Myo
INFLUENCE OF TORREFACTION TREATMENT ON WOOD POWDER PROPERTIES M. Almendrosa
is a thermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass before gazification. This mild form of pyrolysis, carried. The studied parameters are (i) the species of the biomass (spruce and beech) (ii) the torrefaction temperature: biomass to liquid (BtL), lignocellulosic sources, wood, torrefaction, analysis, characterization. 1
U.S. Homeowner of Perceptions of Treated Wood
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Wood Fuel Future: The Potential Web Text December 2010
Wth for one family, with larger scale systems of 1 MWth heating 200 houses. Small scale wood fuel electricity provide electricity for up to 30,000 houses. Many electricity generating systems also produce heat and are called Combined Heat and Power systems. kWth = kilowatt thermal (i.e. heat) kWe = kilowatt electricity
Physiological Insights Towards Improving Fish Culture L. CURRY WOODS III*
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Hamza, Iqbal
Marketing of Tropical Hardwood Wood Products from Ghana
productive · Causes: farming, bush fires, fuel wood, wasteful logging practices, mining and quarrying #12;Fuelwood #12;Current Industry Structure · 8% of GDP · 250 companies involved in primary operations · 180 companies in secondary operations · Over 200 companies involved in tertiary operations · General
Wood-Fiber/High-Density-Polyethylene Composites: Coupling Agent Performance
Wood-Fiber/High-Density-Polyethylene Composites: Coupling Agent Performance John Z. Lu,1 Qinglin Wu structure. As a coupling agent, mal- eated polyethylene (MAPE) had a better performance in WPC than oxidized polyethylene (OPE) and pure polyeth- ylene (PPE) because of its stronger interfacial bonding. A combination
Vertical feed stick wood fuel burning furnace system
A new and improved stove or furnace for efficient combustion of wood fuel including a vertical feed combustion chamber for receiving and supporting wood fuel in a vertical attitude or stack, a major upper portion of the combustion chamber column comprising a water jacket for coupling to a source of water or heat transfer fluid and for convection circulation of the fluid for confining the locus of wood fuel combustion to the bottom of the vertical gravity feed combustion chamber. A flue gas propagation delay channel extending from the laterally directed draft outlet affords delayed travel time in a high temperature environment to assure substantially complete combustion of the gaseous products of wood burning with forced air as an actively induced draft draws the fuel gas and air mixture laterally through the combustion and high temperature zone. Active sources of forced air and induced draft are included, multiple use and circuit couplings for the recovered heat, and construction features in the refractory material substructure and metal component superstructure.
Hill, Richard C. (Orono, ME)
Production of chemical feedstock by the methanolysis of wood
A process for the production of ethylene, benzene and carbon monoxide from particulated biomass such as wood by reaction with methane at a temperature of from 700.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C., at a pressure of from 20 psi to 100 psi for a period of from 0.2 to 10 seconds.
Steinberg, Meyer (Melville, NY); Fallon, Peter (East Moriches, NY)
A stove or furnace for efficient combustion of wood fuel includes a vertical feed combustion chamber (15) for receiving and supporting wood fuel in a vertical attitude or stack. A major upper portion of the combustion chamber column comprises a water jacket (14) for coupling to a source of water or heat transfer fluid for convection circulation of the fluid. The locus (31) of wood fuel combustion is thereby confined to the refractory base of the combustion chamber. A flue gas propagation delay channel (34) extending laterally from the base of the chamber affords delayed travel time in a high temperature refractory environment sufficient to assure substantially complete combustion of the gaseous products of wood burning with forced air prior to extraction of heat in heat exchanger (16). Induced draft draws the fuel gas and air mixture laterally through the combustion chamber and refractory high temperature zone to the heat exchanger and flue. Also included are active sources of forced air and induced draft, multiple circuit couplings for the recovered heat, and construction features in the refractory material substructure and metal component superstructure.
An Overview of the Louisiana Primary Solid Wood Products Industry
Laboratory can better serve Louisiana companies in this industry sector. Results include a discussion in Louisiana consists of 81 companies compared to approximately 750 companies in the secondary wood products sector. * Just over 36 percent of companies surveyed have 50 employees or more and 18.2 percent have 200
The Wood-Based Biorefinery in a Petroleum Depleted World
3 Year Old Willow #12;14 14 Woody Biomass Feedstocks Sustainably harvested low value wood from, Sustainable Bioproducts: Fuels, Chemicals, Materials Renewable Resources to "Green" Bio-Products Woody Biomass Feedstock #12;5 5 Spindletop at Beaumont, TX Circa late 1890's Birth of the Petroleum Industry in Texas
Chatterjee, Avik P.
Pellet Production Wood Pellets are made by compressing
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investigations. Subfossil oaks from river gravels, pines from peat bogs and wood from archeological excavations.) samples were collected in two peat bogs with pine trunks embedded in oligotrophic peat layers. One more than 300 samples of pine stumps and stems preserved in oligotrophic peat layers were coll
APPLICATION OF NELSON'S SORPTION ISOTHERM TO WOOD COMPOSITES AND OVERLAYS' Qinglin Wu Assistant. It was found that Nelson's model can be used to describe the experimental data from different composite composite materials (Suchsland 1972). These relationships, known as sorption isotherms, greatly affect
Bryan H. Wood Assistant Deputy Commandant of the Marine Corps
and stations throughout the world and for the operating forces across the U.S. Marine Corps. Mr. Wood advisor to the Commander, Combined Joint Task Force- Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) in Djibouti, Africa. Mr as the Environmental Law Section Head and Senior Associate Counsel (Environment/ Safety), Naval Sea Systems Command
Potential for comparison drying of green wood chip fuel
Equipment currently designed for and in use by the forest products industry for the dewatering of wood bark and chips by mechanical pressure can only reduce the moisture content (MC) to 45 or 50% (wet basis). Thus, this equipment is suited to remove water added in processing but not free water normally present in green wood. Exploratory research described in this paper has shown on a laboratory scale that the proper application of high pressure to green wood chips can remove the water from cell lumens, thus reducing the MC to 35% or less. Further, this water removal may be accomplished in an energy efficient manner. The ratio of energy increase of the fuel (increase in recoverable heat) to the mechanical energy required for water removal was found to vary from 67:1 to 240:1. This ratio depends upon wood specific gravity (SG) green MC, and mode of compression. A theoretical relationship between volumetric compression, MC, SG, and water extracted was developed and tested on several species of softwoods and hardwoods. The cost savings for fuel and boiler investment in a hypothetical situation are presented to illustrate the economic potential of the process if production scale equipment can be developed. (17 references).
Haygreen, J.G.
-use and recycling. About 90 green building standards were examined. Current green building programs were determined (ASHRAE) come closest to universally describing the differences between these terms: Recovered Material Building Standards To understand how wood recycling is addressed in green building standards, about 90
Influence of Nanoclay on Properties of HDPE/Wood Composites
Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 2 Performance Engineered Composites, USDA Forest Service, absence of associated health hazards, easy fiber surface modification, wide availability, and relative, espe- cially wood plastic composites, which have success- fully proven their high qualities in various
2014 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date
2014 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date School Address Home Address Phone # ( ) E, Activities and Awards SKILLS, CERTIFICATES & QUALIFICATIONS CAMP SKILLS: On a scale of "0" (no knowledge_____________________________________________________________________________ CERTIFICATIONS (List expiration dates and certifying organizations) Lifeguard Boating Certification Archery
Williams, Gary A.
2012 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date
2012 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date School Address Home Address Phone # ( ) E, Activities and Awards SKILLS, CERTIFICATES & QUALIFICATIONS CAMP SKILLS: On a scale of 0 (no knowledge) to 3_____________________________________________________________________________ CERTIFICATIONS (List expiration dates and certifying organizations) Lifeguard Boating Certification NRA Riflery
Grether, Gregory
2013 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date
2013 BRUIN WOODS SUMMER STAFF APPLICATION Name Birth Date School Address Home Address Phone # ( ) E, Activities and Awards SKILLS, CERTIFICATES & QUALIFICATIONS CAMP SKILLS: On a scale of "0" (no knowledge_____________________________________________________________________________ CERTIFICATIONS (List expiration dates and certifying organizations) Lifeguard Boating Certification NRA Riflery
Wood for energy at Bedgebury Forest Bedgebury visitor centre's
. #12;Our advice Sweet chestnut coppice is a dense material which chips well at the correct moisture visitor centre as it has a ready supply of wood on its doorstep. Locally-grown coppiced chestnut is cut is locally sourced from 80 hectares of sweet chestnut coppice growing within Bedgebury Forest. The chestnut
Nanocellulose A sustainable nanomaterial derived from wood pulp with
Nanocellulose A sustainable nanomaterial derived from wood pulp with applications in composites, sensors, and biomedical devices. The Sustainable Nano-Biocomposites lab in the chemical engineering-renewable resources while offering better performance. #12;Research Program Research in the Sustainable Nano
Thompson, Michael
Page 2 of 4 TREE Cookies Etc. Got Woods -continued
of a forester is to help sell timber, though they can and should be used to write management plans, manage tree plantings, implement intermediate tending treatments to improve the woods, design soil stabilization the tree, the rays (the lateral transporting structures for water and nutrients) are blocked. Finally
Liskiewicz, Maciej
An Overview of the Louisiana Secondary Wood Products Industry
. Marketing issues were also addressed such as the value of products shipped, market areas served or strategic planning with most companies relying on word-of-mouth to promote products directly to consumers issues identified by respondents regarding the secondary wood product industry improvement are production
A process is discussed for the production of ethylene, benzene and carbon monoxide from particulated biomass such as wood by reaction with methane at a temperature of from 700/sup 0/C to 1200/sup 0/C, at a pressure of from 20 psi to 100 psi for a period of from 0.2 to 10 seconds.
Steinberg, M.; Fallon, P.
Report of Shelton wood-coal firing tests conducted March 16-April 2, 1980
Wood and coal combinations were tested at representative steam rates while boiler performance, gaseous and particulate emissions were measured. Wood and coal combinations were tested at representative steam rates while boiler performance, gaseous and particulate emissions were measured. Wood contributed up to 50% of the Btu requirements of the boilers during the tests. The Quinault-Pacific system will permit selected green mill residues to be used in place of coal at the rate of 2.5 tons of wood per ton of coal. Green wood and coal are compatible fuels. Heat provided by the coal and other combustion effects are enough to offset the effects of moisture in green wood and in some cases improve boiler performance. The combined firing of wood with coal at typical steam rates results in better flyash collection, lower emissions, improved opacity, better cinder recovery and lower steam costs.
A Search for the Dark Matter Annual Modulation in South Pole Ice
Astrophysical observations and cosmological data have led to the conclusion that nearly one quarter of the Universe consists of dark matter. Under certain assumptions, an observable signature of dark matter is the annual modulation of the rate of dark matter-nucleon interactions taking place in an Earth-bound experiment. To search for this effect, we introduce the concept for a new dark matter experiment using NaI scintillation detectors deployed deep in the South Pole ice. This experiment complements dark matter search efforts in the Northern Hemisphere and will investigate the observed annual modulation in the DAMA/LIBRA and DAMA/NaI experiments. The unique location will permit the study of background effects correlated with seasonal variations and the surrounding environment. This paper describes the experimental concept and explores the sensitivity of a 250 kg NaI experiment at the South Pole.
Cherwinka, J; Cowen, D F; Grant, D; Halzen, F; Heeger, K M; Hsu, L; Karle, A; Kudryavtsev, V A; Maruyama, R; Pettus, W; Robinson, M; Spooner, N J C
Dear colleagues, With the first newsletter "Tackle Climate Change: Use Wood" I intended to inform you on the
from the air by trees and can thus be considered a carbon store. Increased use of wood products hence you on the excellent environmental credentials of wood and wood-based products, in particular the recognition of wood-based products as carbon stores with a positive contribution to climate change
Phase I of this project began by obtaining R&D variances for permits at the NIOSH boilerplant (NBP), Emery Tree Service (ETS) and the J. A. Rutter Company (JARC) for their portions of the project. Wood for the test burn was obtained from the JARC inventory (pallets), Thompson Properties and Seven D Corporation (construction wood), and the Arlington Heights Housing Project (demolition wood). The wood was ground at ETS and JARC, delivered to the Three Rivers Terminal and blended with coal. Three one-day tests using wood/coal blends of 33% wood by volume (both construction wood and demolition wood) were conducted at the NBP. Blends using hammermilled wood were operationally successful. Emissions of SO{sub 2} and NOx decreased and that of CO increased when compared with combusting coal alone. Mercury emissions were measured and evaluated. During the first year of Phase II the principal work focused upon searching for a replacement boilerplant and developing a commercial supply of demolition wood. The NBP withdrew from the project and a search began for another stoker boilerplant in Pennsylvania to replace it on the project. Three potential commercial demolition wood providers were contacted. Two were not be able to supply wood. At the end of the first year of Phase II, discussions were continuing with the third one, a commercial demolition wood provider from northern New Jersey. During the two-and-a-third years of the contract extension it was determined that the demolition wood from northern New Jersey was impractical for use in Pittsburgh, in another power plant in central New Jersey, and in a new wood gasifier being planned in Philadelphia. However, the project team did identify sufficient wood from other sources for the gasifier project. The Principal Investigator of this project assisted a feasibility study of wood gasification in Clarion County, Pennsylvania. As a result of the study, an independent power producer in the county has initiated a small wood gasification project at its site. Throughout much of this total project the Principal Investigator has counseled two small businesses in developing a waxed cardboard pellet business. A recent test burn of this biofuel appears successful and a purchase contract is anticipated soon. During the past two months a major tree-trimming firm has shown an active interest in entering the wood-chip fuel market in the Pittsburgh area and has contacted the NBP, among others, as potential customers. The NBP superintendent is currently in discussion with the facilities management of the Bruceton Research Center about resuming their interest in cofiring this renewable fuel to the stoker there.
James T. Cobb Jr.
Performance of bolted wood connections using supplemental confining devices
(1994) currently restricts the use of 2x dimensioned lumber for sill plates (nominal lumber thickness of The style and format of this thesis follow the Journal of Structural Engineering. 38. 1 mm [1. 5 in]) and requires the use of 3x dimensioned... lumber (nominal lumber thickness of 63. 5 mm [2. 5 in]). While a thicker wood member would increase the strength capacity of the connection according to analytical strength models, the ultimate failure mode under extreme loading conditions can still...
Stromatt, Rebecca Faye
An evaluation of atmospheric evaporation for treating wood preserving wastes
i. hat a constant rate of total organi carbon and chemical oxygen demand removal occurred as the wastewai. r was evaporated. A procedure for designing atmospheric evaporation ponds was developed and applied to a hypothetical wood preserving plant.... From this example design estimates of equivalent hydrocarbon concentrations in the air downwind of the pond are made. Various other design con- siderations such as the input data, modifications to the design pro- cedure, solids accumulation...
Shack, Pete A
Wood and Pellet Heating Basics | Department of Energy
Energy Savers [EERE]
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Delicious RankCombustion |Energyon ArmedWaste and Materials Disposition InformationWindWood and Pellet Heating Basics
The treatment of wood preserving wastes with activated carbon
requirement and treatment schemes should be based on these combined requirements. Current treatment schemes employed in the wood preserving industry combine physical, chemical, and biological processes and operations in treating wastewaters. Jones, et al...-five of the plants performed secondary treatment on-site of which 32 used biological methods. Only 6 per- cent discharged their wastewaters directly to the environment without any form of treatment and approximately 40 percent of the plants planned to change...
Pence, Robert Fuller
Colorado School of Mines Nov-12 Cylindrical or mortise lock aluminum, wood or steel door
Colorado School of Mines Nov-12 Cylindrical or mortise lock aluminum, wood or steel door Hinges 4 cylindrical or mortise lock aluminum, wood or steel door Hinges 4.5"x4.5" Ives 5BB1HW El Hinge 4.5"x4 FS18S OR FS444 #12;Colorado School of Mines Nov-12 Aluminum, wood or steel door with panic bar Hinges
Mach-Zehnder Modulator Performance on the NIF South Pole Bang Time Diagnostic
We present performance data for Mach-Zehnder optical modulators fielded on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) as a potential signal path upgrade for the South Pole Bang Time diagnostic. A single channel demonstration system has been deployed utilizing two modulators operating in a 90-degree In phase and Quadrature (I/Q) configuration. X-ray target emission signals are split and fed into two recording systems: a reference CRT based oscilloscope, Greenfield FTD10000, and the dual Mach-Zehnder system. Results of X-ray implosion time (bang time) determination from these two recording systems are compared and presented.
Beeman, B.; MacPhee, A. G.; Kimbrough, J. R.; Chow, R.; Carpenter, A.; Bond, E.; Zayas-Rivera, Z.; Bell, P.; Celeste, J.; Clancy, T.; Miller, E. K.; Edgell, D.; Donaldson, W. R.
Hydrothermal alteration at the Panorama Formation, North Pole Dome, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
An airborne hyperspectral remote sensing dataset was obtained of the North Pole Dome region of the Pilbara Craton in October 2002. It has been analyzed for indications of hydrothermal minerals. Here we report on the identification and mapping of hydrothermal minerals in the 3.459 Ga Panorama Formation and surrounding strata. The spatial distribution of a pattern of subvertical pyrophyllite rich veins connected to a pyrophyllite rich palaeohorizontal layer is interpreted to represent the base of an acid-sulfate epithermal system that is unconformably overlain by the stromatolitic 3.42 Ga Strelley Pool Chert.
Brown, Adrian J; Walter, Malcolm R
Planning and setup for the implementation of coal and wood co-fired boilers.
??Coal and wood co-fired boiler technology has been significantly advancing in the past years, but many of their capabilities remain unknown to much of the� (more)
Gump, Christopher D.
Techno-economic analysis of wood biomass boilers for the greenhouse industry
The objective of this study is to perform a techno-economic analysis on a typical wood pellet and wood residue boiler for generation of heat to an average-sized greenhouse in British Columbia. The variables analyzed included greenhouse size and structure, boiler efficiency, fuel types, and source of carbon dioxide (CO2) for crop fertilization. The net present value (NPV) show that installing a wood pellet or a wood residue boiler to provide 40% of the annual heat demand is more economical than using a natural gas boiler to provide all the heat at a discount rate of 10%. For an assumed lifespan of 25 years, a wood pellet boiler system could generate NPV of C$259,311 without electrostatic precipitator (ESP) and C$74,695 with ESP, respectively. While, installing a wood residue boiler with or without an ESP could provide NPV of C$919,922 or C$1,104,538, respectively. Using a wood biomass boiler could also eliminate over 3000 tonne CO2 equivalents of greenhouse gases annually. Wood biomass combustion generates more particulate matters than natural gas combustion. However, an advanced emission control system could significantly reduce particulate matters emission from wood biomass combustion which would bring the particulate emission to a relatively similar level as for natural gas.
Chau, J. [University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Sowlati, T. [University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Sokhansanj, Shahabaddine [ORNL; Bi, X.T. [University of British Columbia, Vancouver; Preto, F. [Natural Resources Canada; Melin, Staffan [University of British Columbia, Vancouver
A review of "The Life of Anthony Wood In His Own Words" edited by Nicholas Kiessling
authors exasperating, it is a vital form of exasperation. And whatever the exasperation, Genre and Women?s Life Writing in Early Modern England is much better reading than most blogs. Nicholas Kiessling, ed. #31;e Life of Anthony Wood In His Own Words...;#30;#21;#31; until retrieved by more recent scholarship, especially in the case of women. Anthony Wood, or as he later called himself, ? Wood, the historian of Oxford University and biographer of its alumni, was more fortunate. Wood wrote two manuscript...
Paleit, Edward
E-Print Network 3.0 - archaeological waterlogged wood Sample...
results for: archaeological waterlogged wood Page: << < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 1 National Conservation Laboratory for Wet Organic Summary: digging stick footrests adhered to the linseed...
WOODS FOR LEARNING ACTION PLAN 2010-2013 Objective National Indicators Specific actions
WOODS FOR LEARNING ACTION PLAN 2010-2013 Objective National Indicators Specific actions Lead positive inspection reports Develop Forest Kindergarten with nurseries in both private and state sectors
Issues in the use of wood as an energy source in the northeastern US
This report analyzes some of the concerns surrounding the use of wood for energy in the Northeast. It reviews the information on resource availability and ownership patterns in the Northeast, then focuses on New England, to assess the affect of potential resource constraints on the supply of wood available for energy and the effects of wood energy use on land use patterns. Finally, the application of specific technologies in settings that may experience significant wood energy use in the future is considered, including an assessment of the regional employment and income benefits of a major woodfuel installation.
Munson, J.S. (ed.)
??This study explored a unique lignin unlocking process in wood-feeding termite (WFT) Coptotermes formosanus (Shiraki) for subsequent effective polysaccharide utilization during the digestion of woody� (more)
[No author
Extension of the Application of the generalized pole representation to the treatment of resonance cross sections.
One reliable and convenient way of processing the cross sections in the resolved energy region is by use of the generalized pole representation, whereby the Doppler-broadening calculation can be carried out rigorously using the analytical approach. So far, its applications have been limited to cases with resonance parameters specified by the Reich-Moore formalism. Although such an approach, in principle, can be extended to all three remaining representations of resolved resonance parameters specified by the ENDF data format, there is no computational tool for handling such a task at present. Given that Breit-Wigner formalisms are probably the most widely used by any evaluated nuclear data library to represent cross sections, a special effort has to be made to convert the single level and multilevel Breit-Wigner resonance parameters to pole parameters. A FORTRAN computer code BW2PR has been developed for this purpose. Extensive calculations have been performed to demonstrate that the proposed method ensures the conservation of the information contained originally in Breit-Wigner resonance parameters. This will make it possible to apply the exact Doppler-broadening method to a larger collection of nuclides.
Hwang, R. N.; Jammes, C.
Gravitational Wave Spectrums from Pole-like Inflations based on Generalized Gravity Theories
We present a general and unified formulation which can handle the classical evolution and quantum generation processes of the cosmological gravitational wave in a broad class of generalized gravity theories. Applications are made in several inflation models based on the scalar-tensor theory, the induced gravity, and the low energy effective action of string theory. The gravitational wave power spectrums based on the vacuum expectation value of the quantized fluctuating metric during the pole-like inflation stages are derived in analytic forms. Assuming that the gravity theory transits to Einstein one while the relevant scales remain in the superhorizon scale, we derive the consequent power spectrums and the directional fluctuations of the relic radiation produced by the gravitational wave. The spectrums seeded by the vacuum fluctuations in the pole-like inflation models based on the generalized gravity show a distinguished common feature which differs from the scale invariant spectrum generated in an exponential inflation in Einstein gravity which is supported by observations.
J. Hwang
Producer gas from citrus wood fuels irrigation power unit
A 90-hp diesel engine operating a citrus irrigation system was converted to run on a dual-fuel mixture utilizing producer gas from citrus wood chips as the main fuel source. A chip feeder mechanism, gasifier, filter system and control unit were designed to meet typical irrigation power requirements. Blighted, unproductive and dead trees removed near the irrigation site were used for chipping. Data on chip moisture content, fuel analysis, drying rate and fuel/tree weight are presented but labour and equipment costs were not determined. 14 references.
Churchill, D.B.; Hedden, S.L.; Whitney, J.D.; Shaw, L.N.
Compaction of wood chips - physical and pulping characteristics
The temperatures of the uncompacted chips of Pinus taeda were, in general, higher than those of compacted chips when stored outdoors in containers for 236 days. The results of the study after storage indicated that the moisture content (MC) of compacted chips is the same as that of green chips, the uncompacted equivalent mass of chips exhibits a substantial loss in MC, and there is approximately 18% increase in MC of the uncompacted chips simulating a stockpile when compared with MC of green chips. The compaction process neither damaged wood fibers nor altered the chip response to conventional pulping.
Hassan, A.E.; Reeves, R.H.
Transcriptome and Biochemical Analyses of Fungal Degradation of Wood
Lignocellulosic accounts for a large percentage of material that can be utilized for biofuels. The most costly part of lignocellulosic material processing is the initial hydrolysis of the wood which is needed to circumvent the lignin barrier and the crystallinity of cellulose. Enzymes will play an increased role in this conversion in that they potentially provide an alternative to costly and caustic high temperature and acid treatment. The increasing use of enzymes in biotechnology is facilitated by both continued improvements in enzyme technology but also in the discovery of new and novel enzymes. The present proposal is aimed at identifying the enzymes which are known to depolymerize woody biomass. Fundamental understanding of how nature gains access to cellulose and hemicellulose will impact all applications. Because fungi are the only known microbes capable of circumventing the lignin barrier, knowledge of the enzyme they use is of great potential for biofuel processing. Nature has evolved different fungal mechanisms for enzymatic hydrolysis of wood. Most notable are the white-rot fungi (wrf) and the brown-rot fungi (brf). This proposed research aims at determining the complete transcriptome of three wrf and two brf to determine the enzymes involved in lignocellulose degradation. The transcriptome work will be supported by enzyme characterization (and zymograms) and finally analysis of the lignin component to determine the mode of lignin modification. In this proposed research, we hypothesize that: 1) Determination of the complete transcriptome of closely related white and brown rot fungi will lead to knowledge of the relevant enzymes involved in wood degradation. 2) Knowledge of the extracellular transcriptome and the mechanism of wood decay can only be obtained if the products of the decay are known. As such, characterization of the lignin oxidation products will correlate the enzymes involved (obtained from the transcriptome) to the lignin oxidation products. The Department of Energy has sequenced the P. chrysosporium genome and has approved the sequencing of the genome of the closely-related brown rot fungus P. placenta. This comparative genomics approach will yield important information on differences between these two fungi. Analysis of gene unique to each fungus (which have been lost or gained) can potentially lead to determining the enzymes which are responsible for each type of decay. This comparison, however, would not be complete without comparing the transcriptome and the proteome/enzymes. Comparative genomics may tell us which genes may be important, but it will not tell us when these genes are expressed, at what levels and will not necessarily tell us what these genes do.
Tien, Ming
Wood-Composites Industry Benefits from ALS Research
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched FerromagnetismWaste and MaterialsWenjun DengWISPWindDownloadsWood and Pellet
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched FerromagnetismWaste and MaterialsWenjun DengWISPWindDownloadsWood and
Meadow Woods, Florida: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia: Energy Resources Jump to:46 - 429Lacey,(MonasterLowellisMcDonald is a boroughMcPherson County isMeadeWoods,
Wood-Ridge, New Jersey: Energy Resources | Open Energy Information
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Google Bookmark EERE: Alternative Fuels Data CenterFranconia, Virginia:FAQ < RAPID Jump to:SeadovCooperative JumpWilliamson County,Bay,°Trap, Virginia: EnergyWestWood-Ridge, New
Title: Ames Blue Alert- Wood Cabinet Falls Apart
AFDC Printable Version Share this resource Send a link to EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page to someone by E-mail Share EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Facebook Tweet about EERE: Alternative Fuels Data Center Home Page on Twitter Bookmark EERE:1 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel),Feet) Year Jan Feb Mar Apr MayAtmosphericNuclear SecurityTensile Strain Switched Ferromagnetism in Layered NbS2 andThe1A:decisional. 1 B O NAmes Blue Alert- Wood
Corrosion of steel reinforcement is undoubtedly a leading cause for deterioration of concrete bridges. Over the last few decades, this fact has led to the development of
Corrosion of steel reinforcement is undoubtedly a leading cause for deterioration such as cathodic protection systems, chemical corrosion inhibitors, high-performance concretes, epoxy coated rebars, non-metallic reinforcement, and corrosion-resistant steels. The development of the new commercially
Corrosion of reinforcing steel is typically one of the main problems causing deterioration of concrete structures. The Microcomposite Multistructural Formable (MMFX) steel, which is a
Corrosion of reinforcing steel is typically one of the main problems causing deterioration available steel, has proven to have high corrosion resistance in comparison with conventional steel without provides a high resistance to corrosion due to severe environmental exposure in comparison to the use
Valuation and the consequences of multiple sources of environmental deterioration: The case of the New York striped bass fishery
This paper examines two sources of environmental degradation in the New York striped bass fishery. The first is the decline in environmental quality in the Chesapeake Bay, the spawning ground for the majority of fish in New York waters. The second is the PCB contamination of striped bass from the Hudson River, the other primary spawning ground for striped bass in New York waters. The paper develops methodologies for examining loss in economic value, when the loss stems from two sources. The estimates resulting from the application of these methodologies suggest that the general deterioration of the Chesapeake Bay generated 2[center dot]3 to 7[center dot]7 million dollars in annual losses to the New York striped bass fishery, and that the annual losses from PCB contamination of the Hudson striped bass are between 0[center dot]745 and 3[center dot]7 million dollars. The paper also discusses how the dual sources of degradation generate barriers to the formation of effective management policy, and develops policy recommendations based on the estimated losses. 9 refs., 8 figs., 8 tabs.
Kahn, J.R. (Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)); Buerger, R.B. (Univ. of North Carolina, Wilmington, NC (United States))
Seismic design of a current woodframe structure and study of innovative products and damping systems in wood construction
Wood structures have seen resurgence in popularity over the past several decades, especially in Western States of America, such as California. The industry keeps creating new structural wood products of exceptional strength, ...
Mahjoub, Nina A. (Nina Azadeh)
another way to go green with wood and support sustainable forest management in developing countries. Using of architects, much has been said about the emergence of green building standards in the marketplace to exotic woods to differentiate their building from others. With less than 2 percent of developing
Research Article Fibre wall and lumen fractions drive wood density variation
with hydraulic strategies. Denser woods tend to operate at more negative water potentials (Ackerly 2004; Bucci et et al. 2011). Wood density has been studied in relation to hydraulic conductivity but the email@example.com Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. This is an Open Access
Wright, Ian
New Lines of CCA-Treated Wood Research: In-Service and Disposal Issues
New Lines of CCA-Treated Wood Research: In-Service and Disposal Issues Submitted March 19, 2001 Objectives 2 I.3 Background 4 CHAPTER II, METALS CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS BELOW DECKS MADE OF CCA-TREATED WOOD Results from Soil Core Samples 24 II.7 Summary and Conclusions 28 CHAPTER III, INVENTORY OF CCA-TREATED
A pilot study of children's exposure to CCA-treated wood from playground equipment
A pilot study of children's exposure to CCA-treated wood from playground equipment S.L. Shalat Arsenic from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood, widely used in playgrounds and other outdoor associated with children playing on CCA- treated playgrounds. In a Pilot Study, 11 children (1371 months
A pilot study of children's exposure to CCA-treated wood from playground equipment S.L. Shalat online 17 February 2006 Abstract Arsenic from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood, widely used possible health risks associated with children playing on CCA- treated playgrounds. In a Pilot Study, 11
Perception Drivers for Treated Wood by U.S. South Homebuilders and Remodelers
Perception Drivers for Treated Wood by U.S. South Homebuilders and Remodelers Sanna M. Kallioranta1 for the use of treated wood products in construction is considerable, especially in the U.S. South for termite protection and to mitigate moisture related decay. This research investigates the perception about treated
Rational production of veneer by IR-heating of green wood during peeling: Modeling experiments
-line IR heating system installed on the peeling lathe. Keywords: green wood; heating; infrared; modeling solutions are sought for. Experiments with electric ohmic and microwave heating methods (TorgovnikovRational production of veneer by IR-heating of green wood during peeling: Modeling experiments Anna
International Conference on Wood-based Bioenergy LIGNA+Hannover, Germany, 17-18 May 2007
International Conference on Wood-based Bioenergy LIGNA+Hannover, Germany, 17-18 May 2007 Photo: NTC Marketing Specialist and Sebastian Hetsch, Consultant Food and Agricultural Organization & UN Economic Commission for Europe Geneva, Switzerland #12;International Conference on Wood-based Bioenergy LIGNA
Opportunities for UPC Product and Service Suppliers: The Wood Products Industry
product and service suppliers. #12;4 UPC Suppliers To The Wood Products Industry Twenty-seven companies.3 percent of all corporate sales for these 27 respondent companies. An additional 15 companies indicated, from the largest timbers to small lengths of wood moulding are complying with customer requirements
European Institute for Wood Preservation Congress 4-6 September 2008, Lausanne, Switzerland
in European and CIS). · Oil prices soared, stimulating wood-based biofuels and policies to mobilize more wood Oil prices 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 $/barrel · Rising fossil fuel costs products prices generally rose in 2007, then fell in 2008 as markets weakened · In North America prices
THE NILPOTENCE HEIGHT OF Sq 2 n G. WALKER AND R. M. W. WOOD
THE NILPOTENCE HEIGHT OF Sq 2 n G. WALKER AND R. M. W. WOOD Abstract. A 20 year old conjecture 55S10. 1 #12; 2 G. WALKER AND R. M. W. WOOD Sq u d Sq v = X SqhRi : jRj = u + v; jRj + X r i #23; 2u
Wood, Reginald M W
Abstract�Dead wood is a major component of forests and contributes to overall diversity, primarily by supporting insects that feed directly on or in it. Further, a variety of organisms benefit by feeding on those insects. What is not well known is how or whether dead wood influences the composition of the arthropod community that is not solely dependent on it as a food resource, or whether woody debris influences prey available to generalist predators. One group likely to be affected by dead wood is ground-dwelling arthropods. We studied the effect of adding large dead wood to unburned and frequently burned pine stands to determine if dead wood was used more when the litter and understory plant community are removed. We also studied the effect of annual removal of dead wood from large (10-ha) plots over a 5-year period on ground-dwelling arthropods. In related studies, we examined the relationships among an endangered woodpecker that forages for prey on live trees, its prey, and dead wood in the forest. The results of these and other studies show that dead wood can influence the abundance and diversity of the ground-dwelling arthropod community and of prey available to generalist predators not foraging directly on dead trees.
Hanula, James L.; Horn, Scott; Wade, Dale D.
Wood Pellets for UBC Boilers Replacing Natural Gas Based on LCA
Wood Pellets for UBC Boilers Replacing Natural Gas Based on LCA Submitted to Dr. Bi By Bernard Chan Pellets for UBC Boilers Replacing Natural Gas" By Bernard Chan, Brian Chan, and Christopher Young Abstract This report studies the feasibility of replacing natural gas with wood pellets for UBC boilers. A gasification
WPMT (Fall 2009) Page 1 June 8, 2009 Wood Products Manufacturing Technology
positions in wood products manufacturing, particularly for the hardwood cabinet and furniture industries to Lean Manufacturing (3) MET 14100 Materials I (4) Physics elective3 (3) STAT 30100 Elementary Sixth Semester (3) ECON 21000 Principles of Economics (3) FNR 31100 Wood Structure, Identification
Presentation 2.4: Forest biorefining and implications for future wood energy scenarios Jack N. Saddler
Presentation 2.4: Forest biorefining and implications for future wood energy scenarios Jack N Products Biotechnology at UBC Forest biorefining and implications for future wood energy scenarios firstname.lastname@example.com International Seminar on Energy and the Forest Products Industry Rome, Italy: October 30 2006 Forest Products
Modern Wood Energy Systems and Markets 16-17 September 2008, Timisoara, Romania
Energy Market Developments Ed Pepke Forest Products Marketing Specialist UNECE/FAO Timber Section, Geneva. Overview of forest products market developments II. Market drivers III. Policy drivers IV. Wood energy for the Protection of Forests in Europe, November 2007 #12;Modern Wood Energy Systems and Markets 16-17 September
SECTION 45 Table of Contents 45 Lake Rufus Woods Subbasin Overview.......................................................2
Subbasin Description 45.2.1 General Location Lake Rufus Woods is a 51-mile long Columbia River mainstem of which are located on the Colville Indian Reservation. 45.2.2 Drainage Area The Lake Rufus Woods Subbasin the warmest month and January being the coldest. The annual precipitation for the area is 27 cm (10.5 inches
WOOD UTILIZATION Eugene M. Wengert, Dennis M. Donnelly, Donald C. Markstrom, and Harold E. Worth
WOOD UTILIZATION Eugene M. Wengert, Dennis M. Donnelly, Donald C. Markstrom, and Harold E. Worth to utilization of quaking aspen have not been well understood. Unfavorable economic factors, such as harvesting and wood processors in the West have found it difficult to identify and evaluate viable utilization
Seismic Screening, Evaluation, Rehabilitation, and Design Provisions for Wood-Framed Structures
Seismic Screening, Evaluation, Rehabilitation, and Design Provisions for Wood-Framed Structures Preston Baxter, M.ASCE1 ; Thomas H. Miller, M.ASCE2 ; and Rakesh Gupta, M.ASCE3 Abstract: Seismic Database subject headings: Seismic analysis; Seismic design; Wood structures; Shear walls; Diaphragms
Gupta, Rakesh
Mid-infrared absorption properties of green wood Anna Dupleix Domingos De Sousa Meneses
ORIGINAL Mid-infrared absorption properties of green wood Anna Dupleix · Domingos De Sousa Meneses and the amount of energy absorbed by green wood under infrared (IR) radiation. This lack of knowledge is a potential barrier to the development of IR heating as an alternative to soaking as a means of warming logs
Field Document No.50 REGIONAL WOOD ENERGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN ASIA
AND TOMORROW IN ASIA #12;This publication is printed by the FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme wood energy data, leading to best estimates of future consumption. It also tries to estimate development in other relevant sectors like agriculture and energy is also strongly recommended. The document
Net carbon fluxes at stand and landscape scales from wood bioenergy harvests in the US Northeast
Net carbon fluxes at stand and landscape scales from wood bioenergy harvests in the US Northeast gas emissions implications of wood biomass (`bioenergy') harvests are highly uncer- tain yet of great bioenergy is only one of many products. We used field data to formulate bioenergy harvest scenarios, applied
Vermont, University of
Forestry building a future in the South Southern Wood Council Forest Products Scholarship
Forestry building a future in the South Southern Wood Council Forest Products Scholarship attached): A written submission (no more than 1 page double sided) on why you are pursuing Forestry APPLICATIONS WILL BE ACCEPTED #12; Forestry building a future in the South SOUTHERN WOOD COUNCIL FOREST
ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON THE SIREX WOOD WASPS AND THEIR By H. S. HANSON.
27 ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON THE SIREX WOOD WASPS AND THEIR PARASITES. By H. S. HANSON. Farnham House on the ecology of the Sirex wood-wasps and their parasites have been collected during a period of several years. The preliminary investigations were carried out by Dr. J. G. Myers, of Farnham House Laboratory, in collaboration
INTRODUCTION Red wood ants play an important role in the ecology of
INTRODUCTION Red wood ants play an important role in the ecology of woodland ecosystems by virtue the ecological impor- tance of red wood ants (G�sswald, 1989) and the conser- vation concern for some firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Etive House, Beechwood Park, Inverness, IV2 3BW, UK; e
Thomas, Len
Ergonomic Solutions for the Secondary Wood Products Industry On October 17th
Ergonomic Solutions for the Secondary Wood Products Industry On October 17th and 18th , 2001, you are invited to a conference entitled: Ergonomic Solutions for the Secondary Wood Products Industry. This seminar will be held at Executive Inn, in Louisville, Kentucky. Hear the latest developments in ergonomics
Gazo, Rado
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Targets for maintenance of dead wood for biodiversity conservation
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Targets for maintenance of dead wood for biodiversity conservation based and restore dead wood in managed forest landscapes should be defined. Several studies suggest extinction. In managed forests, conservation efforts should focus on the landscape scale and on certain types of dead
Cancer Mortality and Wood Dust Exposure Among Participants in the American Cancer
Cancer Mortality and Wood Dust Exposure Among Participants in the American Cancer Society Cancer and Paolo Boffetta, MD, MPH3 In 1994, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified wood dust as a human carcinogen, based on very strong evidence of a carcinogenic risk of sino-nasal cancer
Salzman, Daniel
Solar energy and multi-storey residential buildings Larry Hughes and Tylor Wood
ERG/200702 Solar energy and multi-storey residential buildings Larry Hughes and Tylor Wood firstname.lastname@example.com 26 March 2007 #12;Hughes and Wood: Solar energy and multi-storey residential buildings 1 Summary This report considers the limitations on solar energy in new, multi-storey residential buildings. In a time
Hughes, Larry
Prediction of the heat release rate of wood
A model for the heat release rate of wood during flaming combustion was developed during this research. It includes the effects of char shrinkage, multiple chemical components, adsorbed moisture, internal convective cooling and the variation of the thermophysical and thermochemical properties with temperature and the mass retention fraction of the char. It does not include char oxidation or diffusion of moisture and volatile pyrolysis products toward the rear surface. It calculates the time to ignition, mass burning rate, heat release rate, heat of combustion, heat of gasification and depth of char. An important part of this research was the determination of the thermochemical and thermophysical properties required by the model. An apparatus was developed for determining the kinetic parameters and the heat of combustion of the volatiles under conditions similar to those in the interior of a flaming slab of wood. Data were obtained on each of the four major chemical components present in Douglas fir. Thermal diffusivity measurements on Douglas fir and its char yielded an average value of 2.1 {times} 10{sup {minus}7} s{sup 2}/s which was nearly independent of temperature and mass retention fraction of the char for temperature sup to 500{degree}C and for mass-retention fractions above 0.30.
Parker, W.J.
Hygrothermal Performance of West Coast Wood Deck Roofing System
Simulations of roofing assemblies are necessary in order to understand and adequately predict actual the hygrothermal performance. At the request of GAF, simulations have been setup to verify the difference in performance between white and black roofing membrane colors in relation to critical moisture accumulation for traditional low slope wood deck roofing systems typically deployed in various western U.S. Climate Zones. The performance of these roof assemblies has been simulated in the hygrothermal calculation tool of WUFI, from which the result was evaluated based on a defined criterion for moisture safety. The criterion was defined as the maximum accepted water content for wood materials and the highest acceptable moisture accumulation rate in relation to the risk of rot. Based on the criterion, the roof assemblies were certified as being either safe, risky or assumed to fail. The roof assemblies were simulated in different western climates, with varying insulation thicknesses, two different types of wooden decking, applied with varying interior moisture load and with either a high or low solar absorptivity at the roof surface (black or white surface color). The results show that the performance of the studied roof assemblies differs with regard to all of the varying parameters, especially the climate and the indoor moisture load.
Pallin, Simon B [ORNL; Kehrer, Manfred [ORNL; Desjarlais, Andre Omer [ORNL
Provenance study and environments of deposition of the Pennslyvanian-Permian Wood River Formation, south-central Idaho, and the paleotectonic character of the Wood River basin
and provenance of the conglomerates in the Big Wood River and Fish Creek Reservoir regions of south-central Idaho is needed. Distinguishing between marine and non-marine strata and determining source terranes will aid in reconstructing Wood River basin... paleogeography and paleo- tectonics. Three source areas have been postulated in recent years: 1, The Antler highland to the west, containing volcanics and low grade metamorphic rocks (Bissell, 1960; Churkin, 1962; Roberts and Thomasson, 1964). 2. The stable...
Dean, Christopher William
Pole structure from energy-dependent and single-energy fits to $\\pi N$ elastic scattering data
�varc, Alfred; Osmanovi?, Hedim; Stahov, Jugoslav; Workman, Ron L
During the third quarter, the experimental portion of the project was carried out. Three one-day tests using wood/coal blends of 33% wood by volume (both construction wood and demolition wood) were conducted at the NIOSH Boiler Plant (NBP). Blends using hammer-milled wood were operationally successful and can form the basis of Phase II. Emissions of SO{sub 2} and NOx decreased and that of CO increased when compared with combusting coal alone. Mercury emissions were measured and the mathematical modeling of mercury speciation reactions continued, yielding many interesting results. Material and energy balances for the test periods at the NBP, as well as at the Bellefield Boiler Plant, were prepared. Steps were taken to remove severe constraints from the Pennsylvania Switchgrass Energy and Conservation Project and to organize the supplying of landfill gas to the Bruceton federal complex. Two presentations were made to meetings of the Electric Power Research Institute and the National Energy Technology Laboratory.
James T. Cobb, Jr.; Gene E. Geiger; William W. Elder III; Thomas Stickle; Jun Wang; Hongming Li; William P. Barry
Metal Bioavailability and Speciation in a Wetland Tailings Repository Amended with Biosolids Compost, Wood Ash, and Sulfate
Compost, Wood Ash, and Sulfate Pam S. DeVolder, Sally L. Brown,* Dean Hesterberg, and Kumi Pandya ABSTRACT tundra swans surface amendments: (i) biosolids compost plus wood ash, (ii) and other animals found in the area have tested positive compost wood ash a low SO2 4 addition as K2SO4, and (iii) for Pb poisoning
Brown, Sally
Journal of Hazardous Materials B114 (2004) 7591 Leaching of CCA-treated wood: implications for waste disposal
Journal of Hazardous Materials B114 (2004) 7591 Leaching of CCA-treated wood: implications, and copper from chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated wood poses possible environmental risk when disposed. Samples of un-weathered CCA-treated wood were tested using a variety of the US regulatory leaching
UBC Social Ecological Economic Development Studies (SEEDS) Student Report An Investigation into the Red Listed Material: Pressure Treated Wood
into the Red Listed Material: Pressure Treated Wood (Preservative Infused) and Possible Alternatives Abby Yuen of a project/report". #12;APSC 261 An Investigation into the Red Listed Material: Pressure Treated Wood. Pressure treated wood, a commonly used building material in British Columbia, is a red-listed material
WOOD MOLASSES IN THE NUTRITION OF RUMINANTS I. ZELENAK K. BODA, J. BUCKO D. JALC T. WALKO I. BESEDA of Forestry and Wood Processing, Zvo%n, Czechoslovakia Recently, due to a deficient food and fodder balance. Regarding waste, wood processing by pro- ducts seem to be a practically inexhaustible source of energy food
Woodfuel Usage Update 1 I Wood fuel use in Scotland 2012 I Hudson Consulting I November 2012
. Existing plant demand is forecast to grow in 2012, and together with projects currently in the building phase, total wood fuel demand is forecast to rise to 678k odt in 2012 and to 946k odt in 2013 80k odt of wood in 2011. There is a major increase in forecast demand for wood to be used as pellet
Final environmental assessment for vegetation control at VHF stations, microwave stations, electrical substations, and pole yards
Southwestern Power Adm. operates very high frequency (VHF) and microwave radio stations, electrical substations, and pole yards for electric power transmission throughout AR, MO, and OK. Vegetation growth at the stations must be suppressed for safety of operation and personnel. Southwestern has been using a combination of mechanical/manual and herbicide control for this purpose; Federally- mandated reductions in staff and budgetary resources require Southwestern to evaluate all potentially efficient methods for vegetation control. Three alternatives were examined: no action, mechanical/manual control, and (proposed) a combination of mechanical/manual and herbicide control. Environmental impacts on air and water quality, wetlands, wildlife, endangered species, archaeological and other resources, farmland, human health, transportation, etc. were evaluated.
Large-Scale Structure in the ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey
We have used the ROSAT All-Sky Survey around the North Ecliptic Pole to construct a complete sample of galaxy clusters. The deep and contiguous nature of the survey affords us the opportunity to examine large-scale structure in the Universe on scales of hundreds of megaparsecs. We have identified over 99% of the 446 X-ray sources in the survey area. The cluster sample consists of 65 objects with redshifts approaching unity. Surprisingly, some 20% of the clusters exists in a wall-like structure at z=0.088 spanning the entire 9 deg x 9 deg survey region. This is a very significant extension of both the membership and the spatial extent to a known supercluster in this location.
Christopher R. Mullis
Commercial Demonstration of Wood Recovery, Recycling, and Value Adding Technologies
This commercial demonstration project demonstrated the technical feasibility of converting low-value, underutilized and waste stream solid wood fiber material into higher valued products. With a growing need to increase product/production yield and reduce waste in most sawmills, few recovery operations and practically no data existed to support the viability of recovery operations. Prior to our efforts, most all in the forest products industry believed that recovery was difficult, extremely labor intensive, not cost effective, and that recovered products had low value and were difficult to sell. This project provided an opportunity for many within the industry to see through demonstration that converting waste stream material into higher valued products does in fact offer a solution. Our work, supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, throughout the project aimed to demonstrate a reasonable approach to reducing the millions of recoverable solid wood fiber tons that are annually treated as and converted into low value chips, mulch and fuel. Consequently sawmills continue to suffer from reduced availability of forest resources, higher raw material costs, growing waste disposal problems, increased global competition, and more pressure to operate in an Environmentally Friendly manner. It is our belief (based upon the experience of this project) that the successful mainstreaming of the recovery concept would assist in alleviating this burden as well as provide for a realistically achievable economic benefit to those who would seriously pursue the concept and tap into the rapidly growing ''GREEN'' building marketplace. Ultimately, with participation and aggressive pursuit of the recovery concept, the public would benefit in that: (1) Landfill/disposal waste volume could be reduced adding greater life to existing municipal landfill sites thereby minimizing the need to prematurely license and open added facilities. Also, there would be a cost avoidance benefit associated to what would have been the added municipal (community) management costs involved with maintaining closed landfills. (2) With greater quantities of recovered material being returned to and integrated into manufacturing and the marketplace, reduced demand upon virgin wood sources could help lead the way to promoting improved relations and environmental balance between producers and consumers further expanding the value of our natural resource without adding environmental burden.
Auburn Machinery, Inc.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, VOL. 45, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2009 5399 Modeling of the Starting Performance of Large Solid-Pole Synchronous
refineries, steel mills, and power plants [1][6]. Large solid pole motors are a special category of large virtual windings. Therefore, the two-axis theory can be used for the solid pole synchronous motor. We, starting performance, transformation coefficient, two-axis theory, virtual windings. I. INTRODUCTION LARGE
Mi, Chunting "Chris"
A FAMILY OF TWENTY-AMPERES POWER SUPPLIES FOR MULTI- POLE CORRECTORS FOR ACCELERATORS AND STORAGE of accelerator facilities and storage ring complexes in broad range of output power. Some tasks, e.g. powering-150, correspondingly. The power supplies developed meet the requirements of the up-to-date accelerator facilities
Kozak, Victor R.
Ultraviolet poling of pure fused silica by high-intensity femtosecond Costantino Corbari and Peter G. Kazansky
field of 200 kV/cm and irradiating it with high-intensity 40 GW/cm2 femtosecond 220 fs laser pulses a second-order nonlinearity in glass by poling has some very intriguing possibilities for fiber optics, first realized by Fujiwara et al.,1 consists of the irradiation of highly Ge-doped 15.7 mol % fused
Nikogosyan, David N.
Please leave this heading unchanged! Sound radiation of a non-rigid piston and pole cap compared with
Please leave this heading unchanged! Sound radiation of a non-rigid piston and pole cap compared are often modelled as a rigid piston in an infinite baffle. This model is for real loudspeakers somewhat of the baffled-piston radiation the spatial impulse response is presented. 1. Nijboer-Zernike approach
Sound radiation from a loudspeaker, from a spherical pole cap, and from a piston in an infinite baffle1
Sound radiation from a loudspeaker, from a spherical pole cap, and from a piston in an infinite are often modelled as a rigid piston in an infinite baffle. As a model for real loudspeakers, this approach of the baffled-piston radiation the spatial impulse response is presented. 1. Nijboer-Zernike approach
Feasibility of acoustic neutrino detection in ice: Design and performance of the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS)
The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) has been built to evaluate the acoustic characteristics of the South Pole ice in the 10 to 100 kHz frequency range so that the feasibility and specific design of an acoustic neutrino detection array at South Pole can be evaluated. SPATS consists of three vertical strings that were deployed in the upper 400 meters of the South Pole ice cap in January 2007, using the upper part of IceCube holes. The strings form a triangular array with the longest baseline 421 meters. Each of them has 7 stages with one transmitter and one sensor module. Both are equipped with piezoelectric ceramic elements in order to produce or detect sound. Analog signals are brought to the surface on electric cables where they are digitized by a PC-based data acquisition system. The data from all three strings are collected on a master-PC in a central facility, from which they are sent to the northern hemisphere via a satellite link or locally stored on tape. A technical overview of the SPATS detect...
Boeser, S; Descamps, F; Fischer, J; Hallgren, A; Heller, R; Hundertmark, S; Krieger, K; Nahnhauer, R; Pohl, M; Price, P B; Sulanke, K -H; Tosi, D; Vandenbroucke, J
The South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) has been built to evaluate the acoustic characteristics of the South Pole ice in the 10 to 100 kHz frequency range so that the feasibility and specific design of an acoustic neutrino detection array at South Pole can be evaluated. SPATS consists of three vertical strings that were deployed in the upper 400 meters of the South Pole ice cap in January 2007, using the upper part of IceCube holes. The strings form a triangular array with the longest baseline 421 meters. Each of them has 7 stages with one transmitter and one sensor module. Both are equipped with piezoelectric ceramic elements in order to produce or detect sound. Analog signals are brought to the surface on electric cables where they are digitized by a PC-based data acquisition system. The data from all three strings are collected on a master-PC in a central facility, from which they are sent to the northern hemisphere via a satellite link or locally stored on tape. A technical overview of the SPATS detector and its performance is presented.
S. Boeser; C. Bohm; F. Descamps; J. Fischer; A. Hallgren; R. Heller; S. Hundertmark; K. Krieger; R. Nahnhauer; M. Pohl; P. B. Price; K. -H. Sulanke; D. Tosi; J. Vandenbroucke
An indigenous origin for the South Pole Aitken basin thorium anomaly Ian Garrick-Bethell and Maria T. Zuber
An indigenous origin for the South Pole Aitken basin thorium anomaly Ian Garrick-Bethell and Maria high abundance of thorium as determined by Apollo and Lunar Prospector gamma-ray spectroscopy that the anomaly is the result of convergence of thorium-enriched ejecta from the Imbrium impact. Examination
Surface energy budget over the South Pole and turbulent heat fluxes as a function of an empirical bulk Richardson number
Surface energy budget over the South Pole and turbulent heat fluxes as a function of an empirical in the monthly mean surface energy budget and to investigate the behavior of turbulent heat fluxes under stable and one as the residual of the surface energy budget (i.e., subsurface heat fluxes minus net radiation
Walden, Von P.
Temperature profile for glacial ice at the South Pole: Implications for life in a nearby subglacial lake
-induced melting temperature of freshwater ice. To produce the strong radar signal, the frozen lake must consistTemperature profile for glacial ice at the South Pole: Implications for life in a nearby subglacial by P. Buford Price, April 22, 2002 Airborne radar has detected 100 lakes under the Antarctic ice cap
Price, P. Buford
Sensorless Direct Torque Control For Salient Pole PMSM Based on Extended Kalman Filter Fed By AC/DC/AC Converter
Sensorless Direct Torque Control For Salient Pole PMSM Based on Extended Kalman Filter Fed By AC is proposed. The Direct Torque Control (DTC) technique for PMSM is receiving increasing attention due on the stochastic intromission, in others words, noise. The PMSM is fed by an indirect power electronic converter
Fusion-fission reactions with modified Woods-Saxon potential
A modified Woods-Saxon potential model is proposed for a unified description of the entrance channel fusion barrier and the fission barrier of fusion-fission reactions based on the Skyrme energy-density functional approach. The fusion excitation functions of 120 reactions have been systematically studied. The fusion (capture) cross sections are well described with the calculated potential and an empirical barrier distribution. Incorporating a statistical model (HIVAP code) for describing the decay of the compound nucleus, the evaporation residue (and fission) cross sections of 51 fusion-fission reactions have been systematically investigated. Optimal values of some key parameters of the HIVAP code are obtained based on the experimental data of these reactions. The experimental data are reasonably well reproduced by the calculated results. The upper and lower confidence limits of the systematic errors of the calculated results are given.
Ning Wang; Kai Zhao; Werner Scheid; Xizhen Wu
Environmental-performance research priorities: Wood products. Final report
This report describes a research plan to establish environmental, energy, and economic performance measures for renewable building materials, and to identify management and technology alternatives to improve environmental performance in a cost-effective manner. The research plan is designed to: (1) collect environmental and economic data on all life-cycle stages of the materials, (2) ensure that the data follows consistent definitions and collection procedures, and (3) develop analytical procedures for life-cycle analysis to address environmental performance questions. The research will be subdivided into a number of individual project modules. The five processing stages of wood used to organize the research plan are: (1) resource management and harvesting; (2) processing; (3) design and construction of structures; (4) use, maintenance, and disposal; and (5) waste recycling. Individual research module descriptions are provided in the report, as well as assessment techniques, research standards and protocol, and research management. 13 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.
Urban Wood-Based Bio-Energy Systems in Seattle
Seattle Steam Company provides thermal energy service (steam) to the majority of buildings and facilities in downtown Seattle, including major hospitals (Swedish and Virginia Mason) and The Northwest (Level I) Regional Trauma Center. Seattle Steam has been heating downtown businesses for 117 years, with an average length of service to its customers of 40 years. In 2008 and 2009 Seattle Steam developed a biomass-fueled renewable energy (bio-energy) system to replace one of its gas-fired boilers that will reduce greenhouse gases, pollutants and the amount of waste sent to landfills. This work in this sub-project included several distinct tasks associated with the biomass project development as follows: a. Engineering and Architecture: Engineering focused on development of system control strategies, development of manuals for start up and commissioning. b. Training: The project developer will train its current operating staff to operate equipment and facilities. c. Flue Gas Clean-Up Equipment Concept Design: The concept development of acid gas emissions control system strategies associated with the supply wood to the project. d. Fuel Supply Management Plan: Development of plans and specifications for the supply of wood. It will include potential fuel sampling analysis and development of contracts for delivery and management of fuel suppliers and handlers. e. Integrated Fuel Management System Development: Seattle Steam requires a biomass Fuel Management System to track and manage the delivery, testing, processing and invoicing of delivered fuel. This application will be web-based and accessed from a password-protected URL, restricting data access and privileges by user-level.
Stan Gent, Seattle Steam Company
Utilization of artificial nesting cavities by wood ducks (Aix sponsa) in central Texas
lie study area, Brazos River study area. Measured densities were 89 trees per ha, 953 trees per ha, and 595 trees per ha, respectively , 28 INTRODUCTION The wood duck (Aix ~sonsa) is the only member of the subfamily Anatinae in North America... of the range. Prior studies on wood ducks have been carried out chief- ly east of the Nississippi River, several hundred miles east of central Texas. STUDY AREAS This study entailed observations of breeding wood ducks on three areas in central Texas (Fig...
Labuda, Stephen Edward
Development of a Software System to Facilitate Implementation of Coal and Wood Co-Fired Bilers
are in high demand, the cost continues to rise with the increasing demand. With increasing use, the supply of these types of fuels will keep on reducing and the cost will continue to rise. Currently, on account of a large demand for coal and wood fuels... of the pulverizer can be estimated. If the wood fuel is to be mixed in with the coal in the pulverizer, only wood in the form of sawdust ESL-IE-12-05-22 Proceedings of the 2012 Industrial Energy Technology Conference New Orleans, Louisiana, May 29-June 1, 2012...
Gopalakrishnan, B.; Gump, C. D.; Gupta, D. P.; Chaudhari, S.
Continuous on-line measurement of lignin concentration in wood pulp
We are working toward the development of an instrument for the continuous, on-line measurement of the lignin concentration in wood pulp. The instrument is based on laser induced fluorescence of the wood pulp and is to be used as a primary sensor for both feedback control of the pulping and feedforward control of bleaching. We report here the results of a series of laboratory tests that characterized the fluorescence properties of wood pulp and demonstrated a correlation between various fluorescence functions and the Kappa number of the pulps as determined by TAPPI Procedure T236.
Jeffers, L.A.; Roman, G.W.
PSNH's Northern Wood power project repowers coal-fired plant with new fluidized-bed combustor
The Northern Wood Power project permanently replaced a 50-MW coal-burning boiler (Unit 5) at Public Service of New Hampshire's Schiller station with a state-of-the-art circulating fluidized bed wood-burning boiler of the same capacity. The project, completed in December 2006, reduced emissions and expanded the local market for low-grade wood. For planning and executing the multiyear, $75 million project at no cost to its ratepayers, PSNH wins Power's 2007 Marmaduke Award for excellence in O & M. The award is named for Marmaduke Surfaceblow, the fictional marine engineer/plant troubleshoot par excellence. 7 figs., 1 tab.
Peltier, R.
Residential Bulk-Fed Wood-Pellet Central Boilers and Furnace Rebate Program
The New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission (PUC) is offering rebates of 30% of the installed cost of qualifying new residential bulk-fed, wood-pellet central heating boilers or furnaces. The...
Ground penetrating radar characterization of wood piles and the water table in Back Bay, Boston
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys are performed to determine the depth to the water table and the tops of wood piles beneath a residential structure at 122 Beacon Street in Back Bay, Boston. The area of Boston known ...
LeFran�ois, Suzanne O'Neil, 1980-
A study of owner preferences for steel and wood framed homes
that purchased steel framed homes (SFHS) and those households that purchased wood framed homes (WFHs). The objectives of the study were (1) to determine if there were any significant differences in the demographic profiles of the two study groups, (2...
Bateman, Bruce Whitney
Analytical Modeling of Wood Frame Shear Walls Subjected to Vertical Load
A nonlinear automated parameter fitted analytical model that numerically predicts the load-displacement response of wood frame shear walls subjected to static monotonic loading with and without vertical load is presented. This analytical model...
Nguyendinh, Hai
tanks, and boats, the kiln and allowed to cool. They were content (MC) of wood. However, the cor and electrical resis- cypress have been supplied by moisture handled or conditioned. One moisture tance
The Impact of the Russian Tariff on Japanese Demand for Wood Products CINTRAFOR News is
far from the main demand markets. During the post-war era, Japan went from being essentially self and it is one of the few countries in Asia that favor wood frame construction. In the early 1960's, over 80
Electricity from wood powder report on a TPV generator in progress
A joint project between NREL, SLU, and UCFB aims at building a wood powder fueled TPV generator. The progress of the project is presented. {copyright} {ital 1996 American Institute of Physics.}
Broman, L.; Jarefors, K. [Solar Energy Research Center (SERC), University College of Falun Borlange (UCFB), Box 10044, S-781 10 Borlange (Sweden); Marks, J. [Department of Operational Efficiency, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Herrgardsv 122, S-776 98 Garpenberg (Sweden); Wanlass, M. [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, United States of America
Low VOC drying of lumber and wood panel products. Progress report No. 8
This study was initiated by an Institute of Paper Science and Technology finding that heating softwood in a low-headspace environment removed much of the VOCs without removing the water. This offered the possibility of removing VOCs from wet wood, capturing them as a product, and then drying the VOC-depleted wood conventionally with little or no VOC controls. Two means of low-headspace heating were explored: steam and radiofrequency (RF). It was found in the previous year, that while both steam and RF were able to drive out VOCs, steam was impracticably slow for lumber. Hence the effect of RF or microwave on wood was the principal focus of the work reported here. Finally, in order to understand the mechanism of VOC release, the transport of the VOCs in wood was studied, together with the seasonal effects that influence VOC concentration in trees.
Su, W.; Yan, H.; Hooda, U.; Wild, M.P.; Banerjee, S. [Inst. of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States)] [Inst. of Paper Science and Technology, Atlanta, GA (United States); Shmulsky, R.; Thompson, A.; Ingram, L.; Conners, T. [Mississippi State Univ., MS (United States)] [Mississippi State Univ., MS (United States)
Thermal properties of structural details in wood frame homes : analysis and recommendations
The wood platform frame home is the dominant design in the United States when it comes to single family housing. Introduced during the mid-nineteenth century, the scheme is a cheap, fast, and proven design that takes ...
Graybeal, Alexander Kung
Critical Issues for Success in the International Markets for Wood Products: Lessons Learned from Bolivia
Critical Issues for Success in the International Markets for Wood Products: Lessons Learned from, where forest certification may provide an advantage. 4. Learned Lessons from the Bolivian Case 4
Alternative Chemicals and Improved Disposal-End Management Practices for CCA-treated Wood
.11 Copper Smelter Facility Located in Finland (from Nurmii 1996) Figure III.12 Municipal Parks;iv LIST OF TABLES Table I.1 Chromium, Copper, and Arsenic Concentrations in Treated Wood and Treated
Generation of polarization entangled photons using type-II doubly periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides
In this paper, we address the issue of the generation of non-degenerate cross-polarization-entangled photon pairs using type-II periodically poled lithium niobate. We show that, by an appropriate engineering of the quasi-phase-matching grating, it is possible to simultaneously satisfy the conditions for two spontaneous parametric down-conversion processes, namely ordinary pump photon down-conversion to either extraordinary signal and ordinary idler paired photons, or to ordinary signal and extraordinary idler paired photons. In contrast to single type-II phase-matching, these two processes, when enabled together, can lead to the direct production of cross-polarization-entangled state for non degenerate signal and idler wavelengths. Such a scheme should be of great interest in applications requiring polarization-entangled non degenerate paired photons with, for instance, one of the entangled photons at an appropriate wavelength being used for local operation or for quantum storage in an atomic ensemble, and the other one at the typical wavelength of 1550 nm for propagation through an optical fiber.
K. Thyagarajan; K. Sinha; J. Lugani; S. Ghosh; A. Martin; D. B. Ostrowsky; O. Alibart; S. Tanzilli
Axial gap permanent-magnet machine with reluctance poles and PM element covers
An electric machine (10) has a disk-shaped rotor (24) disposed in an operating space between two opposing stator assemblies (11, 12) to provide two axial air gaps (15, 16). The rotor (24) has a hub (28) and an outer ring (26) of non-magnetic material and is further provided with a plurality of permanent magnetic elements (25) for coupling flux that is induced by the magnetic field of the stator assemblies (11, 12). The permanent magnetic elements (25) are spaced apart and reluctance poles (27) are positioned in spaces between the magnetic elements (25) to couple additional flux induced by the magnetic field of the stator assemblies (11, 12). Various constructions and shapes (40-45) for the PM magnetic elements (25) are disclosed, and including PM covers (60) of ferromagnetic material for enhancing q-axis flux in the air gaps (15, 16) and for reducing harmonics where toothed stators are used. Methods of providing increased torque using the the various rotor constructions are also disclosed.
Hsu, John S [Oak Ridge, TN; McKeever, John W [Oak Ridge, TN
Housing 2020: The future of wood in U.S. dwellings
This paper presented at the International Panel and Engineered-Wood Technology Exposition examines the effect that reduced material resources, energy conservation, manufactured dwellings, and construction techniques have had on the use of wood in the housing industry. The topics of the paper include the impact of the energy crisis, financing and affordability crisis, lumber crisis, and a forecast of what the house of the year 2020 will look like, how it will be constructed and of what material will it be constructed.
Wendt, R.L. [Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States). Energy Div.
Ultrasonic Sensor to Characterize Wood Pulp During Refining
A novel sensor concept has been developed for measuring the consistency, the degree of refining, the water retention value (WRV), and the consistency of wood pulp during the refining process. The measurement time is less than 5 minutes and the sensor can operate in a slip-stream of the process line or as an at-line instrument. The consistency is obtained from a calibration, in which the attenuation of ultrasound through the pulp suspension is measured as a function of the solids weight percentage. The degree of refining and the WRV are determined from settling measurements. The settling of a pulp suspension (consistency less than 0.5 Wt%) is observed, after the mixer that keeps the pulp uniformly distributed is turned off. The attenuation of ultrasound as a function of time is recorded and these data show a peak, after a certain delay, defined as the �peak time.� The degree of refining increases with the peak time, as demonstrated by measuring pulp samples with different degrees of refining. The WRV can be determined using the relative peak time, defined as the ratio T2/T1, where T1 is an initial value of the peak time and T2 is the value after additional refining. This method offers an additional WRV test for the industry, because the freeness test is not specific for the WRV.
Greenwood, Margaret S.; Panetta, Paul D.; Bond, Leonard J.; McCaw, M. W.
An Environmental Questionnaire for the demonstration at the Bellefield Boiler Plant (BBP) was submitted to the national Energy Technology Laboratory. An R&D variance for the air permit at the BBP was sought from the Allegheny County Health Department (ACHD). R&D variances for the solid waste permits at the J. A. Rutter Company (JARC), and Emery Tree Service (ETS) were sought from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP). Construction wood was acquired from Thompson Properties and Seven D Corporation. Verbal authorizations were received in all cases. Memoranda of understanding were executed by the University of Pittsburgh with BBP, JARC and ETS. Construction wood was collected from Thompson Properties and from Seven D Corporation. Forty tons of pallet and construction wood were ground to produce BioGrind Wood Chips at JARC and delivered to Mon Valley Transportation Company (MVTC). Five tons of construction wood were hammer milled at ETS and half of the product delivered to MVTC. Blends of wood and coal, produced at MVTC by staff of JARC and MVTC, were shipped by rail to BBP. The experimental portion of the project was carried out at BBP in late March and early April 2001. Several preliminary tests were successfully conducted using blends of 20% and 33% wood by volume. Four one-day tests using a blend of 40% wood by volume were then carried out. Problems of feeding and slagging were experienced with the 40% blend. Light-colored fly ash was observed coming from the stack during all four tests. Emissions of SO{sub 2}, NOx and total particulates, measured by Energy Systems Associates, decreased when compared with combusting coal alone. A procedure for calculating material and energy balances on BBP's Boiler No.1 was developed, using the results of an earlier compliance test at the plant. Material and energy balances were then calculated for the four test periods. Boiler efficiency was found to decrease slightly when the fuel was shifted from coal to the 40% blend. Neither commercial production of sized urban waste wood for the energy market in Pittsburgh nor commercial cofiring of wood/coal blends at BBP are anticipated in the near future.
James T. Cobb Jr.; Gene E. Geiger; William W. Elder III; William P. Barry; Jun Wang; Hongming Li
Home Page > Business > Industrial > Global Trade Of Wood Chips Down 26% In 2009 As Pulpmills Reduce Production Worldwide, Reports Wood Resources International
from South Africa have declined 40%. With pulp production slowly increasing this fall and energy are Australia, South Africa, Vietnam and Uruguay. Australia, the world's largest exporter, has reduced shipmentsHome Page > Business > Industrial > Global Trade Of Wood Chips Down 26% In 2009 As Pulpmills Reduce
RobertWoodJohnson I MEDICINE 23RobertWoodJohnson I MEDICINE 23 SurgeryThat's Minimizing Everything but Results
- ic surgery. Thyroidectomy. Urethral suspension. Hip arthroplasty. Video- assisted thoracic surgery;RobertWoodJohnson I MEDICINE 25 MIS Applications Are Burgeoning Locally A drian Balica, MD, assistant conservation procedures, such as endometrial ablation, using radio frequency are commonplace. "Robotic surgery
Garfunkel, Eric
Donald R. Woods, "Problem-based Learning: resources to gain the most from PBL," D.R. Woods, Waterdown, ON, ISBN 0-9698725-2-6, revised 1996
on Engineering Economics, Cost Engineering, Plant or Process design, have some information on these topics resource list Resources for PBL 1: D.R. Woods, Chemical Engineering, McMaster Univ. This is a background business game that you have played. The disadvantage is that all the economic analyses are done in 4% and 6
Woodfuel Usage Update 1 I Wood fuel use in Scotland 2011 I Hudson Consulting I September 2011
in forecast demand for wood to be used for pellet production of 140k odt/yr in 2011. 9. The total of wood usage by fuel category 3.3. Pellet plants 3.4. Greenhouse gas emissions 3.5. Projects in planning 4 by 2012 and beyond. The use of recycled fibre is forecast to increase to 40% in 2012. 8. Four wood pellet
Quantifying And Predicting Wood Quality Of Loblolly And Slash Pine Under Intensive Forest Management Final Technical Report
The forest industry will increasingly rely on fast-growing intensively managed southern pine plantations to furnish wood and fiber. Intensive silvicultural practices, including competition control, stand density control, fertilization, and genetic improvement are yielding tremendous gains in the quantity of wood production from commercial forest land. How these technologies affect wood properties was heretofore unknown, although there is concern about the suitability of fast-grown wood for traditional forest products. A four year study was undertaken to examine the effects of these intensive practices on the properties of loblolly and slash pine wood by applying a common sampling method over 10 existing field experiments. Early weed control gets young pines off to a rapid start, often with dramatically increased growth rates. This response is all in juvenile wood however, which is low in density and strength. Similar results are found with early Nitrogen fertilization at the time of planting. These treatments increase the proportion of juvenile wood in the tree. Later, mid-rotation fertilization with Nitrogen and Phosphorus can have long term (4-8 year) growth gains. Slight reductions in wood density are short-lived (1-2 years) and occur while the tree is producing dense, stiff mature wood. Impacts of mid-rotation fertilization on wood properties for manufacturing are estimated to be minimal. Genetic differences are evident in wood density and other properties. Single family plantings showed somewhat more uniform properties than bulk improved or unimproved seedlots. Selection of genetic sources with optimal wood properties may counter some of the negative impacts of intensive weed control and fertilization. This work will allow forest managers to better predict the effects of their practices on the quality of their final product.
Richard F. Daniels; Alexander Clark III
COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH-SELECTED CLUSTERS WITH X-RAY OBSERVATIONS IN THE FIRST 178 deg[superscript 2] OF THE SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE SURVEY
We use measurements from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) cluster survey in combination with X-ray measurements to constrain cosmological parameters. We present a statistical method that fits for the ...
Andersson, Karl
Increasing the solid angle of the Enge Split-Pole Magnetic Spectrograph and continuing the development of the hybrid detector system
INCREASING THE SOLID ANGLE OF THK ENGR SPLIT-POLE MAGNETIC SPECTROGRAPH AND CONTINUING THK DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYBRID DETECTOR SYSTEM A Thesis by PHILIP WILLIAM BOWMAN Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 1991 Major Subject: Physics INCREASING THE SOLID ANGLE OF THE ENGR SPLIT-POLE NAGNETIC SPECTROGRAPH AND CONTINUING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYBRID DETECTOR SYSTEN A Thesis...
Bowman, Philip William
Fuel switching from wood to LPG can benefit the environment
The Himalaya in India is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots. Various scientific studies have reported and proven that many factors are responsible for the tremendous decline of the Himalayan forests. Extraction of wood biomass from the forests for fuel is one of the factors, as rural households rely entirely on this for their domestic energy. Efforts continue for both conservation and development of the Himalayan forests and landscape. It has been reported that people are still looking for more viable solutions that could help them to improve their lifestyle as well as facilitate ecosystem conservation and preservation of existing biodiversity. In this direction, we have documented the potential of the introduction of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which is one of the solutions that have been offered to the local people as a substitute for woodfuel to help meet their domestic energy demand. The results of the current study found dramatic change in per capita woodfuel consumption in the last two decades in the villages where people are using LPG. The outcome showed that woodfuel consumption had been about 475 kg per capita per year in the region, but after introduction of LPG, this was reduced to 285 kg per capita per year in 1990-1995, and was further reduced to 46 kg per capita per year in 2000-2005. Besides improving the living conditions of the local people, this transformation has had great environmental consequences. Empirical evidence shows that this new paradigm shift is having positive external effects on the surrounding forests. Consequently, we have observed a high density of tree saplings and seedlings in adjacent forests, which serves as an assessment indicator of forest health. With the help of the current study, we propose that when thinking about a top-down approach to conservation, better solutions, which are often ignored, should be offered to local people.
Nautiyal, Sunil [Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Socioeconomics, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Muencheberg (Germany)], E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Kaechele, Harald [Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Institute of Socioeconomics, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Muencheberg (Germany)
Metagenome of an Anaerobic Microbial Community Decomposing Poplar Wood Chips
This study describes the composition and metabolic potential of a lignocellulosic biomass degrading community that decays poplar wood chips under anaerobic conditions. We examined the community that developed on poplar biomass in a non-aerated bioreactor over the course of a year, with no microbial inoculation other than the naturally occurring organisms on the woody material. The composition of this community contrasts in important ways with biomass-degrading communities associated with higher organisms, which have evolved over millions of years into a symbiotic relationship. Both mammalian and insect hosts provide partial size reduction, chemical treatments (low or high pH environments), and complex enzymatic 'secretomes' that improve microbial access to cell wall polymers. We hypothesized that in order to efficiently degrade coarse untreated biomass, a spontaneously assembled free-living community must both employ alternative strategies, such as enzymatic lignin depolymerization, for accessing hemicellulose and cellulose and have a much broader metabolic potential than host-associated communities. This would suggest that such a community would make a valuable resource for finding new catalytic functions involved in biomass decomposition and gaining new insight into the poorly understood process of anaerobic lignin depolymerization. Therefore, in addition to determining the major players in this community, our work specifically aimed at identifying functions potentially involved in the depolymerization of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, and to assign specific roles to the prevalent community members in the collaborative process of biomass decomposition. A bacterium similar to Magnetospirillum was identified among the dominant community members, which could play a key role in the anaerobic breakdown of aromatic compounds. We suggest that these compounds are released from the lignin fraction in poplar hardwood during the decay process, which would point to lignin-modification or depolymerization under anaerobic conditions.
van der Lelie, D.; Taghavi, S.; McCorkle, S. M.; Li, L. L.; Malfatti, S. A.; Monteleone, D.; Donohoe, B. S.; Ding, S. Y.; Adney, W. S.; Himmel, M. E.; Tringe, S. G.
Precision wood particle feedstocks with retained moisture contents of greater than 30% dry basis
Renewable wood fuel: Fuel feed system for a pulverized coal boiler. Final report
This report evaluates a pilot test program conducted by New York State Gas & Electric Corporation to evaluate the feasibility of co-firing a pulverized coal plant with renewable wood fuels. The goal was to establish that such a co-firing system can reduce air emissions while maintaining good operational procedures and cost controls. The test fuel feed system employed at Greenidge Station`s Boiler 6 was shown to be effective in feeding wood products. Emission results were promising and an economic analysis indicates that it will be beneficial to pursue further refinements to the equipment and systems. The report recommends further evaluation of the generation and emission impacts using woods of varied moisture contents and at varied Btu input rates to determine if a drying system would be a cost-effective option.
Demonstration Results From Greenhouse Heating with Liquified Wood
A boiler fuel known as Lignocellulosic Boiler Fuel (LBF) was developed at the Department of Forest Products, Mississippi State University for potential application for heating agricultural buildings. LBF was field tested to heat green houses in cooperation with Natchez Trace Greenhouses (NTG) located in Kosciusko, Mississippi. MSU modified an idled natural gas boiler located at NTG to combust the LBF. Thirty gallons of bio-oil were produced at the MSU Bio-oil Research Laboratory. The bio-oil was produced from the fast-pyrolysis of southern pine (15 gal) and white oak (15 gal) feedstocks and subsequently upgraded by a proprietary process. Preliminary field testing was conducted at (NTG). The LBF was produced from each wood species was tested separately and co-fed with diesel fuel to yield three fuel formulations: (1) 100% diesel; (2) 87.5% LBF from southern pine bio-oil co-fed with 12.5% diesel and (3) 87.5% LBF from white oak co-fed with 12.5% diesel fuel formulations. Each fuel formulation was combusted in a retrofit NTG boiler. Fuel consumption and water temperature were measured periodically. Flue gas from the boiler was analyzed by gas chromatograph. The 100% diesel fuel increased water temperature at a rate of 4 �?�?�?°F per min. for 35 min. to achieve the target 140 �?�?�?°F water temperature increase. The 87.5% pine LBF fuel cofed with 12.5%) diesel attained the 140 �?�?�?°F water temperature increase in 62 min. at a rate of 2.3 �?�?�?°F per min. The 87.5% white oak LBF fuel co-fed with 12.5% diesel reached the 140 �?�?�?°F water temperature increase in 85 min. at a rate of 1.6 �?�?�?°F per min. Fuel that contained 87.5% pine LBF co-fed with 12.5% diesel yielded nitrogen and oxygen at a ratio of 5.3 and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide at a ratio of 22.2. Fuel formulations that contained 87.5% white oak LBF co-fed with 12.5% diesel yielded nitrogen and oxygen at a ratio of 4.9 and carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide at a ratio of 16.4. Neither the pine LBF nor the white oak LBF fuel showed any measureable methane emissions from the NTG boiler flue gas. These results indicate a viable potential for mildly upgraded bio-oil to become an alternative fuel source for greenhouse operations.
Steele, Philip; Parish, Don; Cooper, Jerome
The flash pyrolysis and methanolysis of biomass (wood) for production of ethylene, benzene and methanol
The process chemistry of the flash pyrolysis of biomass (wood) with the reactive gases, H{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} and with the non-reactive gases He and N{sub 2} is being determined in a 1 in. downflow tubular reactor at pressures from 20 to 1000 psi and temperatures from 600 to 1000{degrees}C. With hydrogen, flash hydropyrolysis leads to high yields of methane and CO which can be used for SNG and methanol fuel production. With methane, flash methanolysis leads to high yields of ethylene, benzene and CO which can be used for the production of valuable chemical feedstocks and methanol transportation fuel. At reactor conditions of 50 psi and 1000{degrees}C and approximately 1 sec residence time, the yields based on pine wood carbon conversion are up to 25% for ethylene, 25% for benzene, and 45% for CO, indicating that over 90% of the carbon in pine is converted to valuable products. Pine wood produces higher yields of hydrocarbon products than Douglas fir wood; the yield of ethylene is 2.3 times higher with methane than with helium or nitrogen, and for pine, the ratio is 7.5 times higher. The mechanism appears to be a free radical reaction between CH{sub 4} and the pyrolyzed wood. There appears to be no net production or consumption of methane. A preliminary process design and analysis indicates a potentially economical competitive system for the production of ethylene, benzene and methanol based on the methanolysis of wood. 10 refs., 18 figs., 1 tab.
Steinberg, M.; Fallon, P.T.; Sundaram, M.S.
Ultraviolet laser-induced poling inhibition produces bulk domains in MgO-doped lithium niobate crystals
We report the realization of high-resolution bulk domains achieved using a shallow, structured, domain inverted surface template obtained by UV laser-induced poling inhibition in MgO-doped lithium niobate. The quality of the obtained bulk domains is compared to those of the template and their application for second harmonic generation is demonstrated. The present method enables domain structures with a period length as small as 3??m to be achieved. Furthermore, we propose a potential physical mechanism that leads to the transformation of the surface template into bulk domains.
Boes, Andreas, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com; Steigerwald, Hendrik; Sivan, Vijay; Mitchell, Arnan [School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001 (Australia); ARC Center for Ultra-high Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001 (Australia); Yudistira, Didit [School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001 (Australia); Wade, Scott [Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122 (Australia); Mailis, Sakellaris [Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ (United Kingdom); Soergel, Elisabeth [Institute of Physics, University of Bonn, Wegelerstr. 8, 53115 Bonn (Germany)
Hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy of a Mars analogue environment at the North Pole Dome, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
A visible and near infrared (VNIR) to shortwave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral dataset of the Early Archaean North Pole Dome, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, has been analysed for indications of hydrothermal alteration. Occurrence maps of hydrothermal alteration minerals were produced. It was found that using a spatial resolution on the ground of approximately 5 m and spectral coverage from 0.4 to 2.5 mm was sufficient to delineate several hydrothermal alteration zones and associated veins, including phyllic, serpentinitic and chloritic alteration. These results suggest this level of spectral and spatial resolution would be ideal for localising shallow epithermal activity, should such activity have existed, on the surface of Mars.
Brown, Adrian J; Cudahy, Thomas
The Case for Certified Wood Forest products deemed sustainable are a growing part of today's green buildings
into the air, but the carbon remains in the tree, even when it is made into furniture or other wood productsThe Case for Certified Wood Forest products deemed sustainable are a growing part of today's green for environmentally responsible building products continues to grow. Purchasing decisions are increasingly influenced
Identification of environmental issues: Hybrid wood-geothermal power plant, Wendel-Amedee KGRA, Lassen County, California: First phase report
The development of a 55 MWe power plant in Lassen County, California, has been proposed. The proposed power plant is unique in that it will utilize goethermal heat and wood fuel to generate electrical power. This report identifies environmental issues and constraints which may impact the proposed hybrid wood-geothermal power plant. (ACR)
Woodfuel Use Update 1 I Wood fuel use in Scotland 2009 I Hudson Consulting I August 2009
crops With increasing pellet production taking place in the UK, a fifth category of "UK Pellet" has been.1.3. Other Industry/Commercial Heat Only Pellet plants 3 in previous reports: Virgin wood fibre Imported fibre (in the form of wood pellets) Recycled fibre Energy
Crack Propagation Fracture Toughness of Several Wood Species Elijah Wilson, Meisam Shir Mohammadi, and John A. Nairn
1 Crack Propagation Fracture Toughness of Several Wood Species Elijah Wilson, Meisam Shir Mohammadi In materials with process zones, such as fiber bridging zones in wood, it is crucial to characterize fracture toughness as a function of crack growth, known as the material's R curve. Here, a new fracture testing
Natural polymers as alternative consolidants for the preservation of waterlogged archaeological wood
by C-13 High-Resolution Solid- State CP-MAS NMR. Journal of Archaeological Science, 34:1670-1676. Bardet, M., Gerbaud, G., Doan, C., Giffard, M., Hediger, S., De Paepe, G. & Tr�n, Q.K. 2012. Dynamics Property Recovery of Archaeological-Wood Fibers... of signals displaying intensity in both the Mary Rose wood and natural polymer based consolidants were chosen for analysis as this allow us to look at the net effect of the molecular dynamics. The intense signal at 104 ppm, often assigned to the C1 carbon...
Walsh, Zarah; Jane?ek, Emma-Rose; Jones, Mark; Scherman, Oren A.
Calculating and reporting changes in net heat of combustion of wood fuel
There is often confusion when reporting net heat of combustion changes in wood fuel due to changes in moisture content (MC) of the fuel. This paper was written to identify and clarify the bases on which changes in net heat of combustion can be calculated. Formulae for calculating changes in net heat of combustion of wood fuel due to MC changes are given both on a per unit weight of fuel basis and on an actual gain basis. Examples which illustrate the difference in the two reporting approaches, as well as the importance of both approaches, are presented. (Refs. 7).
Harris, R.A.; McMinn, J.W.; Payne, F.A.
Effects of Framing on the Thermal Performance of Wood and Steel-Framed Walls
members as well as insulation imperfections [13]. Building load calculation programs like Manual J [14] also does not incorporate these thermal anomalies. Previous ORNL research demonstrated that about 10% to 15% of the US residential energy consumption... of nominal 2x4 inch wood and steel-framed walls insulated with R-13 h�ft 2 ��F/BTU (3.5-in. thick) fiberglass batts were tested in the ORNL guarded hot box in accordance with ASTM C 1363. In these walls, nominal 2x4 inch wood or steel studs were constructed...
Kosny, J.; Yarbrough, D. W.; Childs, P.; Mohiuddin, S. A.
Structural timber and wood procurement at the NAN Ranch Ruin in Grant County, New Mexico
of woody vegetation for the construction of shelter at a prehistoric pueblo in the Mimbres River valley of New Mexico. Wood identification is combined with an interpretation of the archaeological context to produce a description of roof design. Analysis... with a saw. The wood was placed in a bag and the foliage was placed in a plant press with a corresponding identification number. Twenty-five samples were collected from a transect along the river bottom south of the site. The stream side vegetation...
Bruno, Henry Lee
Wood density in forests of Brazil's `arc of deforestation': Implications for biomass and flux of carbon from land-use change in Amazonia
Wood density in forests of Brazil's `arc of deforestation': Implications for biomass and flux of deforestation'', where most of the carbon flux from land-use change takes place. This paper presents new wood of deforestation, using locally collected species weighted by their volume in large local inventories. Mean wood
Camara, Gilberto
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