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Follow me as i braaaap and cook around the world!!!!
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Joined: Aug 2011
Location: RTW
Oddometer: 353
This ones a bit long.. But were all caught up again.....
Woke up to a massive rain and windstorm that was crushing the world outside of my nice tent. I waited till it chilled out for a bit and then headed into town to grab some coffee and shoot of some emails before I head for Argentina since I had been told it only take three hours to get to Bariloche (way off). So I hate packing up wet tent and gear, I got back and it had kinda dried off but then it was starting to sprinkle so I quickly packed up the bike and headed off. I had a beer left over and decided to give it to this big guy sitting near my tent. He got way too excited over this beer and was hooten and a hollering over it. Well that was weird... I walked back to my bike and then realized that was not a big dude but more like a big kid maybe 15 Hahaha oh well lets go.
I filled up oil, gas, and was off to the Andes. I was heading down this awesome twisty paved mountain sadly road; the views would of been incredible but it was raining very hard all day, when all of a sudden it turned into a national park and a potholed, wet, muddy, and with a little snow of a awesomer road!! I spent my time just enjoying the ride and laughing at the life I have chosen for myself. I pulled up to the Chilean side and checked out the bike and myself. It was freezing with a flurry of snow I rode another 3kms to the Argentina Border control and well like all of the other Argentina Borders it is an unorganized shitshow. Hahaha Everyone going and leaving Argentina had to get in the same line that zig zaggged down the road, I was freezing defiantly wasnt planning on the weather being so so cold. I finally got into the warm building and everything surprisingly went smooth. When I got to the immigration to get stamped in, they asked for the new 160 DOLLAR visa I had to buy Online, it is a ten year visa and they are supposed to give you a visa in your passport the guy just looked at my receipt nodded his head and stamped my passport no ten year visa.. I am guessing and hoping it is just because it is a small Border in the national forest so they do not have them. I crossed over and realized how far I really was from Bariloche, oh well lets check the oil and get gas. I got into the next big town and there was no gas to be found all out, then the same at the next town/city... shit. Well at least I am riding on the famous Ruta 40... So I have roughly 200kms left to Bariloche at this point it is getting late and from my calculations I have exactly 200kms worth of gas including my back up what to do, find a place to crash in this city or risk it. Well nobody has ever called me the sharpest tool in the shed... lets go get me some of that adventure... Hahaha Luckily 110kms down the road I found a gas station which had gas... sweet!!! I was still about 90kms away and it was still raining and slowly getting darker not quiet night yet but getting damn close. I have a rule no riding at night and well two days of riding in a row I broke that rule .. I finally came around the lake to see the lights of Bariloche shining away. OH SO SO SO COLD AT THIS POINT . I am all layered up and still freezing. All that Santiago Heat has turned me into a little wussy... hahaha Freezing and put the head down and charged for Bariloche, I finally arrived at 10pm and was able to find the hostel I was looking for first try, before you start thinking I am getting good at this whole not getting lost thing finally, the answer is no I found it with ease cuz it was the only one on the lake front.. hahahaha
I dropped down into the fenced in area of the Hostel and grabbed my tank and duffle bag off the bike and went into to the hostel It was very expensive... surprise!!! Patagonia/ Lake District real real expensive!!! Like depending on your exchange rate you get hostels run from 15-21 bucks. Hahaha I luckily got an awesome exchange rate and so I am paying 15 bucks now for the hostel. I have gotten way to trust worthy and lucky throughout my trip so I left my Wolfman side bags on the bike and headed out to dinner... Quick slices of pizza, beer, and then went back to jump into a hot hot shower and thaw out. I was about to pass out when a lady walked into the dorm room and she just took one look at me and walked out. A few minutes later the staff came in and grabbed her bag?? Whatever I talked with a nice dude from France for a bit and then passed out quickly I slept in till 10:30am just getting up in time for coffee and bread The same last who walked into the room and then out again... came up to me and told me sorry for last night it was just she thought she had booked a female dorm and then she walked into the room saw me and thought I looked scary so she had asked for another room.. I just looked at her when she was telling me this and started laughing. She kept saying sorry I told it was fine and then tried to have my coffee. Then she started asking if Colorado needed Spanish speaking people to help them out since she was there years ago and loved it but wanted to go back. I told her I had no idea and that I couldnt help her she seemed super bummed and then walked away. Well that was a weird start to the morning. hahaha
I jumped on the bike and headed out to do a 70km loop or so that I have been told about it was incredible. So much fun, very twisty road with incredible views at every turn. Mountains and Lakes oh MY!!!! Hahaha It was so awesome that I was so confused when I landed back in Bariloche no thinking I had already done the whole loop I turned around thinking I was lost and started to ride it again then realized I had already done it once.. jajaja So awesome!!!
On the way back into town I stopped for a really good Chicken Sandwich. The guy was super nice and we just hung out chatting about my trip as he just cooked up a storm in his trailer. jajaja
The next few days have consisted of finding this Tattoo Artist and setting up a date. he was booked out for a few months but he said no worries lets do it on Friday morning I will just tell my regular clients a friend surprised me from Colorado.. Haha So My appointment is set for Friday morning super stoked and a little nervous have not had a tattoo in over 18 months Hahaha should be fun
Do you remember how I said I left my Side bags on yeah well I went to get coffee on my third morning and my friend working she yelled to me.. hey Fletch you have to be careful about leaving your stuff out people have sticky fingers here I looked at her What do you mean She laughed and said You left your nice sleeping bag next to your bike shit no I did not, that means oh fuck . I ran up to the lot and there was my bike with its bags open. Shit I dug through yup MSR Whisper Light International is missing. and all my tools...my ramin noodles, and my chef boyrd haha shit balls... hahaha. Thats what you get for getting to comfortable and trusting. Jajaja Oh well nothing I can do now. But take the bags in side and go find some tools and a new stove Oh shit they almost took the bags off except for the bottom clips. lucky on that one.. High five for the moto gods watching my back thanks boys.. That would have sucked a little if they had taken those bags
Haha oh well. Not going to ruin this guys day. So I threw on my headphones and headed for the city. found a Nikko stove and gas for 40 bucks (way smaller and lighter than mine sweet.. and luckily I had my interchanging T handle in my tank bag.. so technique I can get by the next few weeks with just buying new tire irons and a small ratchet set.. sweet.. There was no reason to get mad over it. Never does any good anyways. Either way my shit got stolen my fault move on and keep on smiling.
I have met quite a bit of really nice people at the hostel, I was going to go camping for a few days then the days kind of shot by and now it is Thursday night and I will get tatted tomorrow then leave Saturday or Sunday to head to Ushuaia.. I will blast it out to get there in a few days and then slowly make my way back up I might have found a buyer for the bike so that would be a plus.
Thus brings us to another choice/ decision I get to make. Crack a beer and give her a think for me... So I am over Kawasaki Personally and will not be putting more money into this bike thus not taking her with me around the world. I have looked into and I know I can buy a bike when I get to OZ but it looks to be nearly impossible and very expensive for an American to try and leave OZ with an OZ registered bike. Thought of trying to buy a bike that is registered to someone from the states. but since you have to get a Carnet to take a bike their everyone has to leave with their bikes (from my understanding) So my option that I am weighing heavily toward his Flying back to CO picking up a 2005 KTM with the LC4 motor getting the title in my name while waiting for the title I will ride the bike to the west coast while doing some touring maybe up to Washington then get my title and ship from CA.. Cheapest, best flights and a free place to stay with my brother near LA Or same scenario but while waiting for title make a run for Alaska going to the far North since I will have been in the far South, Then ship out of Anchorage.. Also for the price I can buy a bike like say a used dr400 in OZ I can get a Ktm or something like it with a little more dirt feel and lots of balls and ship it over for almost he same price.. I also thought of and do not want to Buy a bike in every new Continent much rather find a bike I love learn it and take it with me for the next . So many years Would love to know your thoughts and Ideas and if I am wrong on the information I have gathered.. Also if you or your friend have a badass bike that you want to get rid of let me know..
Got my Tattoo thanks to my buddy at home who sent me a last minute drawing and idea that was way better than what I had.. well just different and really spoke for my trip I would say.. So I headed in.. I will just mark this experience up an another adventure My first and well my last tattoo I will get in South America.. I have gotten so comfortable with my friend who is an amazing artist tattooing me in Denver that it is hard to get and trust someone else.. I Am stoked on my tattoo dont get me wrong but goinbg to the same friend for so long 6+ years I think.. You just get used to someone elses level of work it is just hard to switch it up
I was talking to my day on the 20th of Feb his 70th Birthday.. Happy Birthday dad!! Love ya youre my hero.. anyways back to what I have to say.....
Before this trip I would absolutely say yeah I have had some "Bad Luck" But now my views on that have changed I think...
Bad Luck.. We were talking about my trip and the things that have happened with the bike and so on.. And I was telling him how I wouldnt change a thing.. I have thought a lot about what if I had bought that 2010 F800gs I was looking at instead of this KLR and I can honestly say I am grateful I chose this bike because without my troubles I would have missed so many amazing experiences and would not have had such incredible relationships with such awesome people . From my whole new family in Sucre Bolivia, to four very close and awesome people in BASA, too 4 others in Uruguay, and of course to some many new awesome lifelong friends and family from my time in Santiago, Chile. It is so true also that without the Downs the highs are not as AWESOME My dad made a funny comment as he was laughing he said and dont forget how much patience you have learned.. That is so true I was not the most Patient guy in the world.. I defiantly had lost my shit a few more times than I will ever admit at my snowmobiles and dirtbikes when I have had trouble before.. and myself for that matter.. This bike has taught me how no matter what situation you are in, nothing good comes out of getting angry and pissed off; all it is going to do is ruin your day and whats the point of doing that specially when youre out there doing a trip like this.. I am grateful I chose this bike for the lessons I have learned, the new experiences it has brought me, and especially the amazing people I have met now. With that said lets see if animal holds up to three to four long days of shred to get me down to Ushuaia, Argentina finally..jajjaajjajaj
Thanks for following along..
"When in doubt THROTTLE OUT!" "DIE TRYING" "ONE LIFE"
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Rebuttal to critics
27th Biennial JACL National Convention
Statement of Mike Masaru Masaoka
I must say that I'm glad to be here. I'm glad to be here for a number of reasons and since this is the first time that I have been able to address the group formally, I want to take this opportunity to thank all you for your kindness during my recent illness.
Two years ago, I wanted to appear in San Francisco and to tell about some of the questions that were being raised, I wasn't able to do so because I had an attack in June of that year. But somehow I felt that the story hadn't been told the way I thought it ought to be told because at that time Bill Hosokawa's classic "JACL: In Quest of Justice" had not been published. Unfortunately, however, during the Christmas holidays I had a second and third heart attack followed by double bypass operation. I say this not to be dramatic but to try to explain part of my motivation for being here today. The constraints of time and space have made it impossible for Bill [Hosokawa] to explain in detail all the questions that some of you may have been faced with over the past forty years or more about JACL. How we made our decisions? Why we made them? And, what we think were the results.
Now frankly, I'm prejudiced because I think that we made the kinds of judgments that you would have made if you were in our place. Not only that, but, as I look about me today, I would say that, in all honesty, most of our decisions, although they may not have been popular, have proved themselves in the crucible of history and finally, years have passed (and) in spite of all the criticism, we have not yet heard one viable alternative to the course which we took. If the proof is in the pudding, the very fact that we are here today, I think, is a testimony to the correctness of our positions.
Unfortunately, the years have gone on and those who helped make these decisions have passed on to their greater reward. Unfortunately, due to certain activities of the FBI, the Army and House Un-American Activities Committee, we do not have the records to document much of what we would like to say. But more importantly than that, we were so busy that we just couldn't write about it. We could have, I suppose, written for posterity then done nothing. But we preferred to take the actions we thought were necessary. And that's why we can't document all that has gone before. There are those who say, quite frankly ... "Why in the hell haven't you told this story before?" The answer, I think, is relatively simple.
Up until quite recently--until the Watergate revelations, Abscams and other scandals involving certain government agencies, including the FBI and others--there are those who would tend to disbelieve some of the things which we would have to tell you and, perhaps, I can't (and) I won't tell you even today. And now that you know how some government operations are done and our history is distorted, then, perhaps, you can understand why some of the actions we took today may not look so good, and others which you never heard about look better than ever.
But before I can really talk about what happened back in 1942, I think we have to look at it not from the perception of today, but in the light of what the conditions actually were on December 7, 1941 and thereafter.
Japan, the country of our ancestry, attacked the United States. The United States government began a program to build up a war psychology against the Japanese nation and they began to propagandize about ... well, that we couldn't be trusted. Then somehow, as General DeWitt said, "A Jap's a Jap and no matter what you do with him and his citizenship, he still remains a Jap." And that kind of atmosphere ...We had no television. Golly, if I look now ... what a ham like me and with television shown all over ... we could have pointed the television camera on poor old ladies being dragged off to camp ... and the little innocent children that were also in camps simply because of their ancestry. There wouldn't have been any evacuation! But we didn't have that. We had no civil rights legislation on the books. For a hundred years since the end of the Civil War and the passage of the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments, Congress passed no bill recognizing the integrity of the human personality and the dignity of man. We had no Supreme Court cases talking about discrimination and segregation. We had no United Nations Declaration on Human Rights. And you could remember the blacks had their difficulties then. And to those of you who question why more wasn't done. Why we didn't stand up and do more on certain things, let me say we had over three million Jews in this country at that time and our government, as well as most of the people in the United States, know about the Holocaust. They were not, in the climate of those days, able to do very much. So, how could you expect a few of us in the central organization then called the JACL to take the kind of activity that, perhaps, you thought we ought to?
There is, of course, much I could say about this, but I want to say more about the attitude. We had an attitude then which allowed a colonel in the army of the United States, backed by a three-star general, who said that it you had one-sixteenth Japanese blood, you had to go to a concentration camp American-style. Hitler, in all his madness, said one-eighth Jewish blood and you had to go to a Jewish genocide camp. We had members of the Congress of the United States who wanted to castrate--to sterilize, if you will--the young men of Japanese ancestry so we wouldn't "breed like rats." We had several United States senators who proposed that we ought to be deported after the war to some island in the Pacific and then that Pacific Island should be blown up. I could go on and on and tell you more about this climate.
But, when you think back, those who are old enough to recall those dark and tragic days and remember the situation then, I think you will agree with me that all the historians in their ivory towers were never there. Or the people who want to write scenarios for books and scripts for plays, they weren't there. We were! And this is the story I would like to tell you about.
Why do I feel so strongly about this? Because, after all, I was damned as a Moses of the Japanese people who led my people, if you will, out of the civilization of the cities and into wilderness camps where many died. This isn't a very good stamp to be held on you. I'm here today because I remember that in certain camps they built little monuments to me then defecated and urinated on them. And that isn't a pleasant feeling even after 40 years. But more importantly, I had a lot of friends, including my brothers, killed because they believed in the things I believed, and most of you, believed in. And with all of this background I want to tell you the story.
Where would we begin?
Well, there are those who seem to think that somehow Mr. [Saburo] Kido or I, alone in seclusion or together, made all the decisions you have heard about. The fact of the matter is that we never considered ourselves to be omnipotent. We tried to get the very best of advice we could but, after all, there was only one paid executive in the entire national organization. And we had two young girls who were active as secretaries. Saburo Kido, bless his soul, was our national president. He was an attorney. He had certain client obligations. I was a young squirt from Utah -- brash perhaps, maybe even a little arrogant in my ignorance of some of the problems. But nevertheless, I happened to be the only one at headquarters. And if you think that it is an easy job to try to think of the destiny of 110,000 people, let me assure that it wasn't. And when you begin to talk about these decisions that I'm going to repeat a little later on, keep in mind that they were made by a youngster who had no experience in social work, practically no knowledge of the Japanese community, whose probably only asset may have been the fact I was so ignorant. If I knew any better, I'd never taken the job and certainly never tried to make the decisions that we did.
I'm not saying that all our decisions were correct. No one can! And no one could be correct under those circumstances. All I'm saying is this much: Every decision which we made, we made because we believed -- we honestly and sincerely believed -- was for the good of the great majority of those of Japanese ancestry here in the United States.
Accordingly, some people may have been hurt. Some people may challenge the way we look at things. But when you have the great responsibility -- the awesome responsibility -- of human lives in your hands, none of us can take that trying responsibility lightly.
So, Mr. Kido and I gathered around us a small group of Americans, who weren't of Japanese ancestry, because Japanese Americans were so busy and they, like us, were so untrained or so inexperienced. This is national headquarters. Many in chapters under certain circumstances, developed and hired lobbyists or representatives on their own that time--such larger communities such as Los Angeles, Seattle and even San Francisco had secretaries who acted in the community. We can't, of course, account for everything that happened in those days by someone who may or may not have been a member of the JACL. But certainly, I don't think that you could blame everything in camp and elsewhere on the JACL simply because a member may have spoken out. Those of you from San Francisco and the older people here will remember Annie Clo Watson--a remarkable lady--who was secretary of the International Institute in San Francisco. She was a professional social worker, a long time friend of the Japanese. We had Dr. Galen Fisher, a missionary in Japan at one time who came over and later worked for the Institute of Pacific Relations and then I think helped organize the Fair Play Committee. Then we had Dr. Monroe Deustch, provost of the University of California at Berkeley. We had Ruth and Henry Kingman, who worked at the YM and YWCA on the Berkeley campus. We had Lawrence Daze of the New York Times, the only man who had courage enough to write the right kind of story and have them printed. We had Chet Huntley, who was then with CBS, and who we were later told lost his job because he reported properly on what was happening here on the West Coast of the United States. To these people, we went almost daily for advice. And sometimes, instead of going directly to the commanders and government officials -- because we soon learned they weren't listening to us -- we had to send others to speak on our behalf. These are the people who helped.
Now on legal problems we had Saburo Kido, an attorney, and a young friend by the name of Jim Purcell also an attorney, in San Francisco. And one of the remarkable tragedies of history is that the national ACLU -- American Civil Liberties Union -- decided that in times of crisis like this, even the Civil Liberties Union would not question the military. So the California branches of Northern and Southern California split. Wayne Collins headed the group in and around San Francisco. Al Wirin, as you know, represented the Southern California branch.
For some reason, Sab Kido went to Al Wirin for legal advice and help. This, of course, didn't make us particularly favored with Wayne Collins. And Wayne Collins has criticized the JACL for many of the positions we have taken. He criticized me! But like so many that have criticized, he never spoke to me. I never met the man. And though I respected many of the things he did, I still remember that when the chips were down, we couldn't be choosy about our friends. And Al Wirin was a friend then.
Well, there is much more, of course. I can talk about this phase of it, but some people keep saying, "Well Mike, what was your most harrowing experience in the early days of the war, aside from, of course, evacuation itself?"
There was tremendous pressure against Mr. Kido and me. I remember that after I was brought back from Little ... rather North Platte, Nebraska, where I was incarcerated because I happened to be there on Pearl Harbor day. We were put into a little room -- Mr. Kido and I -- a very bare room. I'll never forget! The agent in charge of the FBI in San Francisco, a fellow by the name of Mat Keefer, put Mr. Kido and me in room and he said, "You guys aren't going to get out of this room alive unless you tell us certain things."
Mr. Kido and I then protested our citizenship, but we were subjected to a tremendous amount of grilling. All way through our experiences, Mr. Kido and I were often not allowed to go together to meet with Army officials or with government officials. We would sit down and we would discuss certain propositions and what had to be done.
If the government changed their minds; we were the liars. They went ahead with their changed point of view. I could go on the specifics ... some of the details and some of the decisions. But those people who ask ... why didn't we do something about all this? Frankly, I think we were misled and we were lulled into a false sense of security.
Long before Pearl Harbor -- in August of 1941 -- a man by the name of Munson, purportedly representing the State Department and White House, came out to the West Coast and he spent three days with Mr. Kido and me discussing the possibilities of war. In August, mind you, in 1941, and saying that the government wanted to protect all people of Japanese ancestry on the West Coast from any violence if there should be any kind of attack or declaration of war between the two countries. And for three days we worked over the country areas and city areas with him. And when Pearl Harbor occurred, as you know, up and down the whole coast where you would expect violence after almost a century of racism and warmongering against those of us who happened to look like the Japanese enemy, there was no incident of violence except two in the city of Stockton and they involved Filipinos and Japanese Americans. Just imagine that! The whole states of California, Oregon and Washington -- the entire United States, if you will -- nothing happened and we thought, "Gee, the government is really looking after our rights" because, you remember, right after Pearl Harbor the Attorney General of the United States, Francis Biddle, went on the air and called out ... called out for fair play, noting Japanese Americans were citizens of the United States and noting the fact also that our parents were aliens of no fault of their own, because they couldn't become United States citizens. But they were exemplary citizens of their respective states and communities and they ought to be treated that way.
City officials up and down the West Coast, rose up and talked about what great citizens we were. I think a lot of you older people will remember how even the governor of this great state of California considered us such worthy citizens that he appeared at several of our meetings and told us if trouble should ever develop as it did, we needn't worry because the people of the state of California were fair-minded and realized what great contributions our people had made to this state and to this nation.
Professor after professor of law throughout the United States talked about the integrity of citizenship.
Boy, we believed it! So, perhaps, when the decision to evacuate was made ... well, frankly, some of us didn't believe it could happen to us. All kinds of programs were put out, but some of you may wonder what we tried to do to prevent the kind of removal and later ... well, that's another story.
But I'd like to say this ... In the early days of the war, a number of us in the JACL got together. We looked over the situation and we decided that we were Americans. And in those days, the assimilation ... in those days assimilation and not ethnic diversity was the public attitude, the spirit and objective. And we felt that if you are going to have any kind of country left for ourselves, our parents, our children, our children's children, we had to prove our loyalty. And so today we are accused by some who say, "You were 200 per cent American." That's right! We were! Because we were working for something. And in that maelstrom, some people may have suffered. Unfortunately, that was a price we had to pay for what we finally got.
Time after time ... time after time, we deliberately proved or tried to prove that we are just as American as anyone else. Even though we had a general out here who said, "A Jap's a Jap." Even though we had people in Washington who thought our young men should be sterilized. Even though we had people who were saying that if you had one-sixteenth Japanese blood, you're a Jap and had to go to these camps.
Well, what did JACL try to do? First of all, let me talk about this thing that I hear so often, "JACL deliberately took over the leadership in the interim." My God! A one-man professional organization? No one would want that responsibility!
What happened after Pearl Harbor? The Federal Bureau of Investigation already had individual dossiers on a great number of alien Japanese. These were picked up! These were the leaders ... the first and second string leaders of almost every Japanese community up and down the Pacific Coast. So who was left? Who was left? We didn't want it! But if you remember right after Pearl Harbor, the Treasury Department froze the accounts of all Japanese and Japanese Americans in the United States. And we had people beginning to starve. Who was going to speak up? There was no one but us.
And I remember my first call to Washington to call my old college professor, Senator Elbert Thomas, to tell this story. He said he would see what he could do about it. He talked to Mrs. Roosevelt and you'll remember ... and the Treasury Department liberalized its rules so we could get $100 a month with which to feed our respective families. And then you'll remember. ...well, the government took away the Japanese newspapers and in those days we had a great number of Issei who could only read Japanese. Who was going to tell these people of the plans of the government? Who was going to tell them about what other communities were doing in this period of travail? JACL -- out of a one-man office -- started putting out daily mimeographed news we sent to our various chapters to try to reproduce it and send it on free to our communities. Who was going to do this if it wasn't the JACL? We didn't want the job!
No matter what anyone tells you, Mr. Kido had no delusions of grandeur. And I certainly wished I were back at the University of Utah and not worrying about camps and so on.
Over and over again, when we met the people -- the generals and the people from Washington -- all of them would say, for your own protection, we've got to move you. And they said it was a matter of military necessity. Well, this is one of the great misunderstood items of the history of the Japanese and the JACL in this country. We never agreed to detention camps. Executive Order 9066 and implementing legislation passed by Congress had no words relating to detention camps. The Army itself by proposing a program of voluntary evacuation -- leaving your homes on your own -- indicated they had no plan for detention in this first instance. And I think that one reason why many of our friends and the church groups especially -- that we thought would come to our side -- came to our aid. I used to criticize them for insensitivity. As I look back now, perhaps, they, too, were misled. And we never conceived of detention camps.
And then we were misled, too, again on the matter of Tolan Hearings. We were told Congressman Tolan of California and his colleagues were coming out from the Congress of the United States to talk about our problem. So we prepared for this. But a few days earlier, the decision (to evacuate) was made and the Tolan Committee hearings were a joke. But the people in Washington, the people in government, the people in the Army, the newspapers and everyone else told us this was our chance to speak our minds. So ... up and down the West Coast -- Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland and Seattle -- our regional chapters went up and presented the facts. They tried to make our case.
But even before that, JACL wrote petitions to the governors, to the members of Congress and to the President, all the officers, saying that we wanted the chance to prove our loyalty and we often wondered why ... why, this government of ours, could treat German and Italian enemy aliens better than they did American citizens simply because you were of Japanese blood. And until you go through this history of those times -- unless you remember again the horror of Evacuation and the great decisions -- you just can't understand why we made those decisions we did. And you might believe some of the stories you are hearing today.
I wish I could go into more and more of these stories. I think it is only fair to tell you that we were so desperate at one time that we wrote the commanding general -- not DeWitt, because we knew he wouldn't listen to us -- but to general, I think that his name was Richardson. And we said, if you will not remove our parents and our families we will volunteer as suicide battalions to fight the Japanese enemy. I'll never forget the answer we got from the Army, "The United States Army does not believe in hostages. The United States Army does not believe in segregated units except for Negroes." They were called Negroes then; Blacks today. And No. 3, they could never assign Japanese Americans to fight in the Pacific because of problems with identification. So a little later on, what did we get?
But before that, let me say that the governor of this great state called a conference of some of us and he proposed that we go to our own little labor camps with our families. And then in the daytime we would work the farms and return at night. These little camps, the state of California was going to put up. Mr. Kido strongly opposed those suggestions on the part of the governor. I would say of the approximately 20 or 30 people there, less than a fifth of us were JACL leaders. Others, I didn't know who some of them were. I wish the record was still available so that you could see from the very beginning we resisted this idea.
I say when people say JACL cooperated ... yes, we cooperated in our removal because we were afraid of what would happen. After all, you people have seen what happens when the Army moves into a town in Lebanon today. You've seen what happens to people in Vietnam when the military moved in. If you were in our shoes and you were told that by the personal representative of the President of the United States; and Col. [Karl] Bendetsen disclosed this in a speech before the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco in May of 1942. And this is what is not reported by the historians and others.
Col. Bendetsen pointed out, and it was told to us much more in cruel detail, that the Army had two programs for removal of the Japanese. One, if you will cooperate then the Army and the government of the United States will do its best to make that movement as humane as possible. Two, if you don't--and this is the thing to remember--the Army has a contingency plan to move you out within 12 or 24 hours or 48 hours.
What are you going to say in a situation like that?
You want people murdered on the streets? You want tanks to come in and destroy the little ghettoes that we have enjoyed? I think we had no alternative. Think about that!
Some people say, "Well, why didn't you resist?" If you were responsible for 110,000 people who happen to look like you, and you had any humanity in your heart, would you want them to face the guns and tanks of an Army? Remember, in those days Japan was winning the war. Remember, in those days there was a real question of where our loyalty was.
Gee, I remember, so you can remember, those stories that used to say the Japanese had organized an Army of over 100,000 Japanese Americans in Mexico and that this young army was all trained to move up into California and the West Coast. Gee, with stories like that, what are you going to do?
And had we resisted, what would the American people have thought? At the time when America was losing the war, here was a group of people who claimed to be Americans causing disruptions of the war effort. An armored tank had to go in and slaughter these same people. What would you have done?
You know it's an amazing thing ... I heard so many people tell me, "Why didn't you resist?" Well, we didn't think we were going to camp in the first place. And let me remind you that six million Jews, who knew where they were going, went to their deaths in genocide camps in Europe.
What we did was not so strange in those terms. The difference, however, I think is we tried to get from our government, in advance, certain safeguards. I remember that one plan that was proposed to us that [since] our alien parents were enemy aliens, "Let's put them into camps separate from the citizens." Well, maybe JACL made a mistake here because all of the parents were relatively old and the children were young. But we said that if there's got to be a movement into camps at some future time, we thought the family should be kept together. Did we make a mistake?
We said that our property should be protected. We pointed to the illustration of World War I, when the government established the alien property custodians and protected the properties of German aliens then. But they said, "You're not going to be gone so long, Why do you have to have all these guarantees and so on?"
We kept pressing these things and unfortunately many of the things we thought we had secured in the promise were never given to us. You remember, matter of fact, that a lot of us were urged to evacuate voluntarily. What happened? Some of the groups, as they were traveling southward across southern Arizona and New Mexico, had their caravans stopped, trucks got upturned and people beaten up. We asked the government for protection for these people who wanted to leave voluntarily and the Army said, "No."
So, since the Army wouldn't assure safe passage we, in the JACL thought we ought at least give some kind of security to these voluntary evacuees. So we created what we thought was a very simple loyalty oath so that they could show, if they were stopped anywhere along the way, that they were American Citizens. And today, there are some of the people who look at the loyalty oath as an effort on our part to de-culturize the Japanese. If we wanted to do that, would we have stood up when the first group met for student relocation? Various Christian leaders were getting up and saying, "We can vouch for the loyalty of the Christian Japanese," but they wouldn't say anything about the Buddhists...
This organization that wasn't supposed to represent the Japanese Americans was the only group who first stood up to say to these white faces who had missions in America for those from Japan that we said that if you're Christian at all you will extend the same scholarship and other rights to the Buddhists, too. And once we told them, they all agreed and today it's not even part of the record.
I could go on and say that in case after case, more than any group, the JACL stood up for the rights of the Buddhists.
Yes, oh, I forgot one great thing before evacuation you should know about. We proposed a hearing board system so that we could be cleared if necessary and if we weren't cleared, then I suppose, we had to go off to jail. We look at the pattern of England--Great Britain. They had several thousand German and Italian aliens. Through a system of quick hearings, they were able to eliminate those who were dangerous and give freedom to those who were found not suspect.
We proposed this to the government of the United States and they turned us down. But, curious enough, later for enemy aliens in the camps, the government worked out three-man hearing boards. Enemy aliens who happened to be of Japanese ancestry had hearings. We, who were citizens, [and who] weren't even charged with anything, we didn't get any hearing at all!
And another thing that bothered us was when they were setting up some of these camps, they dreamed up these horrible programs that you would get so much a month -- you could get so much for food. We pointed to the Geneva Convention and said, under the Geneva Convention, prisoners of war were guaranteed minimum wages and minimum living standards and we felt that ought to be the least that we should give the Japanese and Japanese Americans.
Well, I could go all through this but I must ask for your understanding. I don't have notes. I'm trying to remember over a period of 40 years and I'm doing the best that I can ... Therefore, excuse me for incoherence, the illogic of some of the things I might have said and some discrepancies in time.
I do think it is important to point out the question of test cases that was one of the very early problems which we considered in the JACL.
You and I know that, as far as we are concerned, there are three cases -- test cases -- contesting the curfew, travel restriction and the evacuation itself.
The Korematsu case was the basic case on evacuation.
Then, we had our good friend Min Yasui, and Gordon Hirabayashi [who] tested the travel [restrictions] and curfew.
You may wonder why they were the only one's who were selected.
Well, early in the war and right after these curfew arrangements were announced, you had to be in your homes, I think, by six or seven o'clock at night. And you had to stay there until six in the morning. You could never be more than five miles from your home without special permit.
Mr. Kido and I violated these every so often. The police would just simply pick us up and say, "Look, be good boys," and they would drive us to the hotel where we were staying. Sometimes, we even said--and this is when we felt a little irresponsible, I must confess, when we felt the problems were getting too large for us--we went down to the police headquarters in San Francisco. We said we wanted to be a test case. They laughed at us. They put us on a paddy wagon, took us back to the Aki Hotel and said, "Be good boys, stay home and go to work tomorrow morning."
This happened up and down the coast. And the only reason the three went to court was because--and I say this with all affection to my good friend Min [Yasui]--the government did not indict most of the people who violated the regulations. We had people in the Army Reserve. We had people who were already in the Army and we wanted them to be arrested so that we could have a good case. The Army picked Gordon Hirabayashi because he was a Quaker and conscientiously opposed to war. They arrested Min Yasui because, even though he was a reserve officer in the Army of the United States, he had worked for the consulate of Japan in Chicago. They picked Korematsu out because, for reasons of his own, he had some facial surgery done so he wouldn't look Japanese. The Army picked these cases and they proceeded with them.
Now, there are those who say in trying to create some kind of friction between Mr. Yasui and I -- you can see we don't have a hang-up with some of these people who say that he and I had some choice moments. We may have but I don't remember that. And if we did, we both had a job to do and a point of view to sell. My point of view which may have been distorted but certainly points out that maybe it was a publicity ... you saw him up here I'm the paid propagandist but he [Yasui] shouts and makes a better show than I do. Well, nevertheless, when I said that here, you know, he might be seeking publicity and people shouldn't do this. We were trying to prove to the government in order that we secure more for the people in the camps. I said we were opposed to this, at that time. Some people talk about correspondence that came between Min and me. I don't remember that correspondence. Neither does Min.
And while we are on this subject, let me say this much, too, that there are those who look at some of the minutes reportedly of some of the JACL meetings ... and this may be true. It was reported by most of your Japanese American press ... that I had proposed slave labor camps--virtually what amounted to slave labor camps--for the Japanese Americans. My gosh! Tom Shimasaki was one of those who were at the meetings. And these people who wrote the stories never checked back. He doesn't recall that particular incident. And he wrote to newspapers about a correction and none of the papers, including Japanese American newspapers, published that letter. Because Tom pointed out if I had made those kinds of recommendations, the council wouldn't have stopped there. They would have strung me up, and I would have been the first Japanese American lynched in World War II. What do these people take us for?
I remember some of these things which they are reporting now. I think it was Governor ... Chase Clark of Idaho and I was trying to report on the different suggestions he made. Somehow, in the minutes, there must have been a mistake or a page dropped or something else because, you know, even today when you try to put minutes together you've got confused language. That, I think, that any of you here in this room who know me but more importantly, know Kido. Walter Tsukamoto, Jimmy Sakamoto and all the rest of us, do you think ... do you really think that we would send our people down the river? For what? Glory for ourselves, for the JACL, when we were trying to go out of business?
Just think about those things. I'll never forget the ... those awful days when the Army, for example, you girls remember -- I shouldn't raise these things but I was an innocent boy at that time -- when the Army set up the temporary camps they forgot to provide, I think they called it Kotex in those days, for the girls, and the ... well, we had to tell the Army. Who was there to tell besides the JACL?
Now, we in the JACL have never said that we represented all the Japanese people. We said we represented our members and those who believed in us. And, my fellow friends, if the people did not agree with us, why in the hell did they go along? Because, under those circumstances which they knew in those times which they understood, because they were there personally, they knew they had no other alternative.
Maybe later on in camp they said, "Gee, we didn't have any violence ..." We had too much to do, so they started conjuring up all these things. And they started to fashion up all kinds of stories what certain JACLers did to line their pockets from the problems of the Evacuation. There may have been some JACLers; there may have been others. There were a lot of white people who certainly made money out of our Evacuation, I wish some of these people who are critical of us go after some of these other people, too, because they weren't under the pressures we were. And they were taking advantage of the situation to get rich. You and I know that!
But let me just say this, in all sincerity, because as I look back more than 40 years, we in the JACL did what we thought was best for the great majority of people. We did it even though sometimes the great majority of people, if they had a chance to vote, probably would never have approved. For example, now that the 442nd has made such a record, you'd be surprised how many people said they volunteered. My God, if they had volunteered in those quantities, we never needed any troops from Hawaii to supplement the interracial group. I was so naive that I told John McCloy, "You don't have to ask the fellows from Hawaii. Ten thousand troops, no problem..." Well, less than 3000 volunteered from camp. Nevertheless out of that 3000 come the kind of inspiration and the kind of record that has made it possible for us to meet today.
There are those who say the renunciants, the No-No Boys ... Oh, I gotta say this, excuse me. There are those who say George Inagaki and I figured out questions number 27 and 28 [of the Leave Clearance Questionnaire]. What poppycock! Even I know that alien Japanese couldn't forswear all their allegiance to Japan. If they did, they'd been stateless people! How could you ask women to bear arms in those days? Those were questionable. And we were supposed to have suggested them.
As Bill Hosokawa documents this in his book, and I suggest you all read it because, if you read it, you'll understand. You'll be proud of what a little organization like JACL was able to do, not only for the Japanese in this country but for the people in Japan. All Asians have benefited from what we've done. Now, I think that all regions have benefited from what we have done. If it hadn't been for the JACL, do you think you would have had the immigration amendment of 1965 that put all people from Asia on the same footing as Europeans? And I have many friends among the JACL who say, "Mike, you should never have given such immigration opportunities to Koreans and the Chinese." Well, be that as it may...
...I think if you examine your heart, you will understand. Remember those days. Think back to the situation, and if you were too young, read the book. Under those circumstances no group wanted to represent the Japanese. We did it by default because no one else would. The amazing part of it, and I say this without any discredit to our colleagues, our brothers and sisters in Canada. In Canada, we had a Japanese Canadian Citizens League and that folded up. We stood and took the abuse, and people like Saburo Kido and Doc Thomas T. Yatabe and others were beaten up in camps because they believed that they were doing what ought to be done.
And I say that if you judge the record on the basis of what is here now ... what is now here, you think that we would be here today if we had told the Army where they ought to go? Do you think that we could stay here today and meet in a hall like this in California; have a senator and two congressmen elected from the state of California, if we had made the initial decision to reject and fight our own government and our own Army? Think about that!
As printed in the Rafu Shimpo newspaper, February 17, 1983
The Story
Who Writes History?

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I'm using the LDE radio.
But honestly i dont get near the 20megs down I'll get like 1-3megs down =( with this rom. But LDE has the most 4g connectivity for me.
Working in Edison, NJ i get 1-3megs down as well.
When i go to Brooklyn on the 6th floor of my gf's house i've hit 12megs that was on GB on the Juggernaut 5.0 rom with that radio.
Anyone else from NYC?
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The Hillsboro-based animation studio earned just over $17 million at the U.S. box office for its new movie, "The Boxtrolls," on its opening weekend.
The company's first-quarter earnings included 15% growth in revenue and 23% jump in profit.
The designers are part of the company's plan to open a "Brooklyn Creative Studio" in New York City, which aims to drive design direction for the brand.
If approved by the state, the University of Oregon would begin the sports product management program in 2016.
The Minnesota Vikings running back is facing a felony child-abuse charge.


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Room Types
Sunflower Hill offers 12 unique guest rooms including Luxury, Deluxe, and Classic rooms. All rooms offer queen size beds and private baths. Deluxe and Luxury rooms feature more spacious accomodations, upscale furnishings with sittings areas, jetted tubs, and most include private balconies or decks with garden views.
Nightly rates are all-inclusive for two guests and include a full country breakfast, evening refreshments, and use of all amenities. Additional persons $30 each (and limited to specific rooms).
Please select specific dates in order to view applicable room rates. Posted rates do not include tax, which is additional.
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Yearling | Feb 10, 1998
| 128 Pages
| 5-3/16 x 7-5/8
| Middle Grade (8-12)
| Feb 10, 1998
| 128 Pages
| 5-3/16 x 7-5/8
| Middle Grade (8-12)
In 1851, 12-year-old orphan Austin Ives joins a wagon train headed for California. As he makes his way across the country, Austin writes home to his brother Levi, describing life on the rugged Overland Trail. Extensively researched, with episodes based on true incidents, "the epistolary format and character development offer solid reading."–Booklist An IRA Teachers' Choice
"Woodruff presents a bounty of information in a format that will be especially valued as a classroom readaloud."–Bulletin, Center for Children's Books. From the Hardcover edition.
"I write for the kid in me. . . . Often when I'm working on a story, I'II find myself laughing at something my characters have done, or even being surprised at where they've taken the story. It's as if… More about Elvira Woodruff
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A Special Art Spot (Lois Ehlert/Literature) (Resource Book Only) eBookGrade 1|Grade 2
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This literature unit provides a simple story about finding a special spot for making art, two questions about the story, two activities (including a book report form and compound 'snow' words), and a biographical sketch about Lois Ehlert and her books for a teacher to read to students.
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The only book you need to understand and treat your thyroid condition
The Complete Thyroid Book combines the expertise of the perfect team, both pioneers in thyroid disease--renowned thyroid specialist Kenneth Ain, M.D., and bestselling thyroid author and thyroid patient M. Sara Rosenthal. Together, they provide you with all the information you need to understand your thyroid disorder, treatment, and options, in language you can understand.
Covering both state-of-the-art and standard-of-care treatments for every thyroid condition imaginable, this comprehensive resource gives you vital information on:
M. Sara Rosenthal, Ph.D., is an associate professor of bioethics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, and director of the University of Kentucky Program for Bioethics. Dr. Rosenthal has written more than thirty health books, including several on thyroid disease.
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While this book does give a lot of basic physiology info, the authors waste a lot of the book with negative comments about alternative or out-of-the box innovators regarding... Read morePublished 13 months ago by Spinster K Williams
A very through description of the most common thyroid conditions and their diagnosis and treatment, and a good quick overview of related conditions that may effect the thyroid or... Read morePublished 19 months ago by PeteAk
I thought all was explained very well. They are not trying to sell any products or crazy diets or ignoring the various problems patients have. Straight forward medical advice.Published 21 months ago by Jean A.
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I only have one night and two half-days on the mountain so I'm trying to fit as much as I can without over exhausting myself. I decided that staying at Baiyun would be the best midpoint for this trip but I was wondering if it would be safe for a 31 year old average-moderately athletic man to walk these routes in the dark in July.
I want to see Cloud Dispelling Pavilion during sunset but how long would it take to return to Baiyun and would it be safe to walk this route in the dark?
And in the morning, I wanted to wake up at 4am and walk to Fairy Walking Bridge for sunrise. How long is the walk and would this be do-able or would is it too dangerous in the early morning?
I plan to travel to Qiandeng from Shanghai for the day. I am wondering how to take the bus there from Shanghai. I also want to go to Zhouzhuang from Shanghai and stay the night at Zhouzhuang and then go to Fengjing from Zhouzhuang and then return to Shanghai from Fengjing. I am wondering if there is a bus from Shanghai to Zhouzhuang and than a bus from Zhouzhuang to Fengjing and from Fengjing to Shanghai.
Thank you
Is there a way to get to Putuoshan from Shanghai? If so, how? How about from Hangzhou? Is one day enough on Putuoshan? Are there accommodations on the island?
How do I go to Putuoshan from Hangzhou? Do I take the bus to Putuoshan? If so, where do I catch the bus in Hangzhou and how long does it take to get there? Also, how many days are sufficient to spend on Putuoshan? Are the temples on the island close together? Are there accommodations on the island?
Thank you
I read about the 980 Express Bus from Dongzhimen to Miyun bus station and then the Miyun mini buses to Simatai so I planned my whole trip around that. Upon more research, I found that many people never found the mini buses and were pressured to pay for a 200-400 RMB taxi ride to Simatai and then another to get back.
Has anyone actually taken the mini bus and how long does it take? I plan on taking the 980 bus from Beijing around 0700 on a Friday, around what time can I expect to arrive in Simatai? Or will I be forced to pay 200+ RMB to get from Miyun to Simatai and will I have trouble getting back to Beijing the next day?
I'll be in Beijing next week for2 1/2 days . Can someone recommend points of interest?
I am planning a trip to Huangshan in late December. I know it will be cold. However, I am wondering if there is heavy snow there at that time of year. I don;t mind the cold. However, heavy snow is another matter. Has anyone been there during late December?
Anyone knows if it is there any medical clinic, hospital or even doctor, for foreings?
I would travel there and stay for work over 2 years, and i have a ilness that is not curable but treatable, so i need to be able to do that (treat it). For example, go to a doctor, ask for certain analisys, ask for the medicine (recipe) every 3 or 2 months. Then the treatment follow up and diagnosis would be done by mail by my actual doctor.
The thing is i've read a lot of expiriences, and none of them is very good, if it is in normal chinese hospitals. So i wanted to know if i can find in harbin something like a specific foreing place or doctor.
I don't need to say that i dont know chineese for the moment.
Thank you
I just booked a $92 USD room in Yinghua Hotel from CTrip. This costs almost as much as my four other hotel rooms in China combined. Are there any cheaper options in Gubei?
I've heard of people staying in hostels and renting rooms in people's homes but I can't find any other information. Should I cancel my reservation? Please help me out and thanks in advance!
Is it possible to go by public bus from Kashgar to Gilgit? If so also in December? And are there any Permits needed?
Dear Concerns,
i just wanna know that you peoples are providing bus services for travelers from Karachi Pakistan to Xi'an,
if yes then tell me the procedure and requirements which you need to bring the passengers to Xi'an.
please consider this seriously.
waiting for your positive response.
Best Regards,
Zuhaib Uddin
Could anyone advise regarding the Huangshan mountain maintenance program and schedule for their cable car and mountain top maintenance for this year 2015. We are travelling there this coming 16th July 2015. Thank.
Hi all,
We are planning a 3 week holiday in China with my girlfriend, between 21st of July and 11th of August. It will be our first trip, however, I will get a slight feel of China when I will be working 2 weeks, just before our holiday, nearby Shanghai, in Jiang Yin. Below our first idea of what we could see/do. Any suggestions, corrections and advice would be much appreciated.
Itinerary 3 weeks:
Day 1: arrival Shanghai, take night train to Beijing
Day 2: Arrival/Hostel, Tiananmen Square, Jingshan Park, Red theater Kung Fu Show
Day 3: Mutianyu Great Wall, Ming Tomb, Birds Nest, Water Cube
Day 4: Summer Palace, Hutong, Peking Duck dinner
Day 5: Lama temple, Beihai Park, Temple of Heaven, night train to Pingyao
Day 6: Rishengchang Bank, Wang Family residence, Shuanglin temple, City wall, night train to Xi'an
Day 7: Arrival/Hostel, City wall, Bell tower, Big goose pagoda, Tang Dynasty show
Day 8: Terra Cotta Army, Huaging hot spring, late night plane to Chengdu
Day 8 late night: Arrival/Hostel
Day 9: Pandas, Green Ram temple, Remnin Park, Hot Pot dinner
Day 10: Le Shan Buddha, Mt. Emei base (sleep there)
Day 11: Mt. Emei summit, sleep in Chengdu
Day 12: Early morning train to Chongqing
Day 12: Arrival/Hostel, Laitan ancient town, Chongqing city/Erling park
Day 13: Dazu rock carvings, plane to Huangshan
Day 13: Arrival/Hostel, spend time in the city, if any left
Day 14: Yellow Mountain, sleep there
Day 15: Hongcun and Xidi, bus to Hangzhou
Day 15: Arrival/Hostel
Day 16: West Lake, Tiger Spring, Dragon well
Day 17: Yellow Dragon cave, walk around in the city, late night train to Shanghai
Day 17: Arrival/Hostel
Day 18-19-20: Explore the city, shopping before departure, relax after the long trip, flight home
The part between Chongqing and Huangshan is a bit tricky with travel, we were initially planning to go to Zhiangjiaje, but is either a lost day for travel, or expensive flight. So the last part is not best planned yet. Please feel free to suggest!
Thank you! Gr. Laszlo
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AUSTIN CITY LIMITS continues its longstanding tradition of showcasing the best of original American music and beyond. Musical styles range from contemporary and traditional pop to rock, country, blues, bluegrass, Latin, folk, roots and...


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Rubyists on Ruby
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We'll have a few presenters talk about their favorite gem that most folks have not heard of yet. If you have a gem you'd like to share, let us know! Learn more
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Il Corbaccio, or "The Crow", is an Italian literary work by Giovanni Boccaccio, traditionally dated c. 1355.[1] Boccaccio is most famous as the author of The Decameron (completed c. 1351-2), another work of ambiguous interpretation regarding the dolce stil novo and the antifeminist counter argument. Regarding Il Corbaccio, whether the novel's theme of misogyny is a detailed study of the attitude or a direct misogynistic expression of the author has long been a subject of debate.[2]
Scholars who consider the text to be autobiographical base their interpretation on connecting aspects of the text to events in the author's life. The opposing view accepts the author's own reference to the work as a "trattato", or a philosophical treatment. As stated by scholar Anthony K. Cassell, "the formal elements of the treatise are part of a wide artistic tradition and contest autobiographical intention and interpretation."[1] The work is regarded by some scholars as late medieval in character, others as early renaissance.
See also[edit]
|This article about a European novel is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
|This article about a 14th century novel is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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Sunflower Wine Festival
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Sophie Alexander Salvo came to Columbia in 2010 after graduating from Harvard with a B.A. in Comparative Literature. She received an M.A. in German Literature from Columbia in 2012. Her current research focuses on narration and the female subject in nineteenth- and twentieth-century German and French literature. Her other interests include: feminist and gender theory, philosophy of language, hermeneutics, and Yiddish poetry. Sophie is also affiliated with Columbia's Institute for Comparative Literature and Society.
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Hannes Bajohr, born 1984 in Berlin, studied Philosophy, German Literature and History in Berlin and New York. He is particularly interested in the intersection of literature, philosophy, and political theory. Moreover, his interests include twentieth century German literature, narratology, edition philology, philosophy of language, and philosophical anthropology. He has co-edited the exchange of letters between Peter Weiss and Henriette Itta Blumenthal (Berlin: Matthes & Seitz, 2011), and his Master's thesis was published as "Dimensionen der Öffentlichkeit: Politik und Erkenntnis bei Hannah Arendt" (Berlin: Lukas 2011). He has edited and translated Judith Shklar "Der Liberalismus der Furcht," preface by Axel Honneth (Berlin: Matthes & Seitz, 2013). Hans Blumenberg's theory of language is the topic of his dissertation.
- Chaney, JustineE-mail: email@example.com
Justine Chaney is interested in critical theory, media studies, and 19th- and 20th-century literature. At Princeton University, she wrote her B.A. thesis on themes of corporal punishment in Franz Kafka's "In der Strafkolonie" and Der Prozess and Robert Musil's Die Verwirrungen des Zöglings Törleß. In 2010, after graduating from Princeton with German departmental honors and a certificate in European Cultural Studies, Justine was awarded a DAAD Fellowship to study at the Humboldt University in Berlin.
- Chiritescu, SandraE-mail: email@example.com
Sandra came to Columbia in 2014 after receiving a B.A. in German Philology (Major) and English Philology (Minor) from the University of Zurich. Her research interests include German, German-Jewish, American-Jewish and Yiddish literature of the 19th and 20th century; literature and ethnography; space and topography; edition philology; and Viennese modernism.
- Franke, AlwinE-mail: email@example.com
Before joining Columbia as a doctoral student in the Department of Germanic languages and the ICLS, Alwin Franke has studied Comparative Literature, History, and Philosophy at Free University in Berlin where he earned his BA with a thesis on the concept of fetishism in Kant's Critique of Judgment. Throughout his undergraduate studies, Alwin has developed a keen interest in symmetric histories of modernity and how they relate to the field of literature. His work focuses on the entangled histories of modern literature, anthropology, and critical theory at the interface of aesthetic and political thought. Besides his studies, Alwin Franke has worked as an editor and translator for various magazines and assistant to filmmaker Hito Steyerl.
- Greene, AlyssaE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Alyssa Greene studied German at Smith College and the Universität Hamburg. Before coming to Columbia, she taught English as a Fulbright fellow in Hamburg, Germany. Her research interests include modern and contemporary German and Austrian literature; critical theory; gender and postcolonial studies; and film studies.
- Hessling, VincentE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Vincent Hessling studied Philosophy, Classics, and German Philology in Heidelberg and Berlin. In 2010 he graduated at the Freie Universtität Berlin with a Magister thesis on "Understanding in Ludwig Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations" exploring the hermeneutic and narrative dimensions of Wittgensteins later thought. While working on the thesis, Vincent developed a keen interest in the different structures of knowledge organization as well as in the paradigm of history in the humanities. His current theoretical preoccupations include the idea of progress, history of technology and science, narratology, and systems theory. In engaging with works by Paul Scheerbart, Joseph Roth, Robert Walser, Jean Paul, Johann Rist, and others, Vincent is currently working on a dissertation project on narratives of technical progress in literature.
- Holt, AlexanderE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Xan Holt received his BFA in Dramatic Writing from New York University. After graduating in 2010, he spent two years working in Austria as an English teaching assistant for the Fulbright Commission. His academic interests include bourgeois tragedy; depictions of the body in the work of Heinrich von Kleist; contemporary takes on the learning play; tropes of surveillance in German film; and postwar Austrian Nestbeschmutzer. He is also very interested in academic and literary translation. His translations of poems by Georg Trakl have been published in the Broome Street Review.
- Inbal, DaliaE-mail: email@example.com
- Kalal, PeterE-mail: email@example.com
After initially training as an orchestral tubist, Peter Kalal received his BMus in the Musical Arts from the Eastman School of Music in May 2012 with a thesis on Wagner's Gesamtkunstwerk and the concept's implications for contemporary stagings of the composers oeuvre. Peter received his BA in German from the University of Rochester later that year, writing a thesis that examined temporal and ontological ambiguities in Kafka's "Das Urteil." After graduation Peter spent a year teaching English and studying at the Universität zu Köln.
As a PhD student at Columbia, Peter continues to explore his passion for music, this time in the context of German Studies, affording him novel perspectives on issues of musical reception, neue Musik, and the ontology of musical works. He also continues to pursue his not-necessarily-musical interests of modernism, critical theory, and the fin-de-siècle.
- Kirzane, JessicaE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Jessica Kirzane is a PhD candidate in Yiddish Studies. She received a BA in English Language and Literature and Jewish Studies from the University of Virginia, and holds an MA in Yiddish Studies from Columbia University. Her research interests include modern European and American Jewish history, the history of marriage, modern Yiddish cultural production, and questions of race, peoplehood, and gender in modern Jewish fiction.
- Kurianowicz, TomaszE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Tomasz Kurianowicz, born 1983 in Bremerhaven, studied German Literature and Musicology at Freie Universität Berlin and Universität Zürich. After graduading in 2010 with a master thesis on Robert Musil's "Man without qualities," he worked as a critic for the "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung," focusing on literature and music. In addition, he worked on a PhD project in Germany.
His studies brought him in 2012 to the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where he graduaded in 2013 with a "Master of Arts" in German Studies. In the same year, he transfered to Columbia University, persuing a PhD in German literature. He is interested in the problems of global capialism, "poetologies of knowledge" and the question how concepts of mortality have changed since modernity has become a common global condition, focusing on European literature of the 18th and 19th century.
Tomasz Kurianowiczis a member of Professor Joseph Vogl's PhD-network "Das Wissen der Literatur" at Humboldt Universität zu Berlin. Besides his studies, he works as a freelance critic, essayist and culture correspondent from New York City for the newspapers "Neue Zürcher Zeitung," "Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung," "Der Tagesspiegel," and "Die Zeit."
- Lipkin, MichaelE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Moir, ErinE-mail: email@example.com
Erin Moir, who received her B.A. in German Studies from Oberlin College in 2011, also studied for a year at the Universität Hamburg with a VDAC scholarship and later served as a Fulbright English teaching assistant in Schleswig-Holstein. Her academic interests include music in literature, 20th-century poetry, classicism in German literature, and modern German and Austrian minority literature.
- Parks, EvanE-mail: email@example.com
Evan Parks received his B.A. in European Cultural Studies from Brandeis University in 2010. His interests include the relationship between architecture and modern German fiction, the phenomenological tradition, German Jewish Literature and Thought, and the culture of German émigrés in Israel and America. He is affiliated with the Institute for Comparative Literature and Society.
- Price, JoshuaE-mail: email@example.com
Josh Price graduated from Yale in 2011, with a BA in Judaic Studies. His senior thesis was a critical translation of selected essays by Chaim Zhitlowsky. Before starting Columbia's Yiddish Studies Ph.D. in 2012, he worked on bibliographic and digitization projects for the National Yiddish Book Center. His main interests are Yiddish literature and the culture and politics of the early-20th century Yiddishist movement, though close, maybe more bourgeois, but ultimately superior, seconds include: cottage cheese mixed with Nutella; Dostoevsky; clandestine viewings of Beyonce videos; less clandestine viewings of French cinema; and the company of a friend.
- Radisoglou, AlexisE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Alexis Radisoglou received a B.A. in Modern Languages and Literatures from the University of Oxford in 2007 before joining Columbia University as a doctoral student in the Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, and at the Institute for Comparative Literature and Society. His research is focused on 20th century Greek and German literature, comparative modernisms, and European cinema. More specifically, he is interested in the interstices between aesthetic theory, political and historical thought, and the philosophy of history. In his dissertation he examines a shift in the formal articulation of time and space in the work of the political modernists Alexander Kluge, Heiner Müller and Theo Angelopoulos, and analyzes the aesthetic, historical, and political implications of such a "transformation of chronotopes" in late modernity.
- Salvo, ArthurE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Arthur received his BA in German from New York University in 2005. After spending a year at Humboldt University in Berlin as a Fulbright Fellow, he returned to NYU, completing his Master's thesis on literary hermeticism in Goethe's Faust: Zweiter Teil. Since fall 2007 he has been a PhD candidate in the Department of Germanic Languages at Columbia University.
Arthur's research interests include: 18th20th-century German literature, particularly the Goethezeit; aesthetic theory; history of aesthetics; hermeneutics; and literary anthropology. His dissertation project, Transformations of the Beautiful, examines the problematic status of beauty in modernity, and literary responses to it in works by Winckelmann, Schiller, Goethe and Jean Paul. An enthusiastic teacher, Arthur has taught several courses in German language and culture in the Department, as well as Literature Humanities: Masterpieces of Western Literature and Philosophy as part of Columbia Universitys Core Curriculum.
- Schaub, ChristophE-mail: email@example.com
Before coming to Columbia in 2009, I studied Comparative Literature, German Literature, and Philosophy at Freie Universität Berlin, Université Paris VIII, and Emory University. A former fellow of Fulbright and Rosa Luxemburg Foundation, I was a Teaching Assistant in Comparative Literature at FU Berlin and team-taught self-designed classes in social theory and cultural studies at HU Berlin and TU Braunschweig. At Columbia, I taught German language and "Masterpieces of Western Literature and Philosophy" in the Core Curriculum.
My dissertation situates the literature, performances, and films of Weimar's workers' movement in the contexts of modernism and urban culture, tracing interrelations between canonized and non-canonized cultural archives. I am interested in German literature and culture from the 19th century to the present, Weimar culture, urban studies, realism, modernism, minority studies, transnationalism and globalization, memory studies, and popular music studies. I have published several articles and book reviews, including texts on cosmopolitanism in Paul Auster and rapper Mos Def, urban culture and identity politics in Detroit Techno, and the politics of memory at the memorial for the Stasi victims in Berlin-Hohenschönhausen.
- Schulz, MiriamE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Born and raised Berliner Miriam Schulz completed her BA in Jewish Studies (Major) and History and Cultures of the Middle East (Minor) at Freie Universität Berlin in 2011 followed by an MA in Judaism in Historical Context, specializing in Modern Judaism and Holocaust Studies, at Freie Universität and Touro College Berlin in 2014. Before starting the Ph.D. in Yiddish Studies at Columbia, she worked at the Jewish Museum Berlin and the Topography of Terror and interned at both the Leo Baeck Institute in New York City and the Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide in London. Her main interests are Yiddish cultural history and Holocaust Studies. More specifically, she is interested in the so called zamler tradition of Eastern European Jewry in general, Jewish documentation efforts in Eastern Europe during the Holocaust in particular, and Yiddish literary creation amidst and in reaction to the khurbn. This is matched by unhealthy proclivities for: hip hop, r'n'b, soul and funk music; Jacksons Michael and Janet; Sex and the City; and, most recently, clandestine viewings of Beyonce videos with Joshua Price.
- Schweiger, SophieE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Sophie Schweiger studied German Studies, Comparative Literature and Philosophy in Lisbon and Vienna, where she earned her Masters degree in 2013. Before joining the department at Columbia University in fall of 2014, she spent one year as a Fulbright teaching assistant in the US.
Her academic interests range from drama theory and German Romanticism to Vienna 1900, philosophy of language and contemporary Austrian cinema. She wrote her thesis on German cold war literature and the aesthetics of the apocalypse: "Schreiben gegen die Bombe" (2012). She received several stipends and scholarships from the Fulbright program, the Max Kade foundation as well as the Austrian government.
Sophie is eagerly interested in theatre as well as experimental and short film and engages in projects that allow her to explore and work on the intersection of art and academia.
- Shields, RossE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Ross Shields is a graduate student at Columbia University pursuing a PhD in German with a concentration in Comparative Literature and a certificate in Psychoanalytic Studies. He works primarily with German, English, and French texts, but is also interested in audio and visual culture and mathematical formalization. Ross spent a year studying at Humboldt Universität zu Berlin following his undergraduate study at Macalester College, and is the author of "The Ethics and Beauty of The Trial: Kafka's Circumscription of Failure" in the volume Freedom and Confinement in Modernity: Kafka's Cages (Palgrave Macmillan, 2011). His interests include modernism, erotic verse, semiotics, psychoanalysis, critical theory, Kafka, Benjamin, Lacan, Goethe, and Wittgenstein.
- Swellander, MichaelE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Michael Swellander is a third-year PhD student in the German Department. His interests include: German literature and philosophy from the 18th to 21st century, lyric poetry, Sturm und Drang, Junges Deutschland, Vormärz, the impact of journalism on literature and vice versa, nationalism and the idea of Heimat, J.M.R. Lenz, Georg Büchner, Heinrich Heine, Bertolt Brecht, Heiner Müller, and Elfriede Jelinek. A more recent interest is the group of so-called Prenzlauer Berg poets writing in the GDR during the 1980s. Before coming to Columbia, Michael studied German and English at the University of Texas at Austin as well as at the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg and Goethe-Universität in Frankfurt am Main.
- Urzedowski, JohannaE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Johanna studied German Literature and Political Science at the University of Hannover and FU Berlin where she graduated with a M.A. and a Teaching Certificate in 'German as a Foreign Language'. In addition to various language classes, she taught tutorials on Celan at FU and on Bachmann at HU Berlin. Her dissertation on the aesthetics and politics of (inter-)mediality deals with Jelinek, EXPORT and Röggla. Other research interests include postwar and contemporary German and Austrian literature, politics of memory, drama and performance theory, gender and feminist studies, Weimar Culture, Critical Theory, Literature of the 'Fin de Siècle' and 'Sturm und Drang'.
- Walsh, PatrickE-mail: email@example.com
Patrick received his Bachelor's Degree in English from Davidson College in 2006 after submitting an Honors Thesis on the fate of the Bildungsroman in European modernism. After spending a year studying in Germany at the Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, he joined the Columbia Graduate Program in German in the fall of 2007. Patrick's research concerns the volatile intersection of literature, religion and politics in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He is currently working on a dissertation that examines the uses of prophetic speech in German literary and critical writings from 1770-1885. In 2013, he was awarded a ten-month fellowship from the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) to conduct dissertation research at the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. His further scholarly interests include: German, British and American literary relations; literary historiography; and the German Novelle. In his free time, Patrick enjoys running in Riverside and Central Parks and sampling the rich cinematic offerings of New York City.
- Watzka, MichaelE-mail: email@example.com
Michael Watzka, born 1991 in Krumbach (Schwaben), is a first year graduate student, poet and journalist. As a Cusanus-Fellow, he received his B.A. in literature and musicology from Humboldt-University in Berlin and spent one term abroad at New York University.
Michael is co-editor of the quarterly literary review metamorphosen and author of an upcoming volume of poems, titled Palisaden (Berlin 2015). As a journalist, he has been working for German broadcasters and newspapers, such as Bayerischer Rundfunk, ZDF and Südwest Presse. His research focuses on contemporary poetry, the intersection of music and literature, and the poetics of time and narrative framing in prose and poetry. He published on Hainbund-poet Johann Martin Miller in Lenz-Jahrbuch (2014) and Boris Blacher's variable meters in Musik & Ästhetik (2014).
- Weitz, TabeaE-mail: email@example.com
Tabea came to Columbia with an M.A. in German Literature. Her research focuses on Hermann Broch and Franz Kafka, and she has a special interest in 20th century art. She is affiliated with Columbia's Institute for Comparative Literature and Society.
- Ziolkowski, NeilE-mail: email@example.com
Neil Ziolkowski holds a B.A. in German studies from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and an M.A. from Columbia. Before pursuing graduate work in literary studies, Ziolkowski worked in the bicycle industry, which, although not the stuff of any literary canon, has proven illuminating in how webs of production and reproduction are humiliatingly inescapable. His academic interests orbit the fields of literature in relation to philosophy of knowledge - specifically, the exchange between literature and the natural sciences in relation to epistemology around 1900.
- Živković, YvonneE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Yvonne Živković studied American, German and Slavic Literature in Tübingen and Long Beach, California. She holds an M.A. (Magister Artium) from the University of Tübingen (2007) and an M.Phil. from Columbia University (2011). Her dissertation examines geopoetical (de)constructions of the concept of Mitteleuropa among Austrian and South Slavic writers after 1945. Her research interests include German and Austrian literature from the 19th to 21st century, Jewish writers, Eastern European literature, Memory Studies, discourses of Transnationalism and Migration, as well as Balkan film. Yvonne is also affiliated with the Institute for Comparative Literature and Society.


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Lylanne Musselman, award winning poet and artist, will present Getting Started with Creative Writing at 5:30 p.m. Feb. 24, at the Clyde Public Library.
Musselman, of Toledo, will discuss getting started in writing, no such thing as writer's block, genres of creative writing - poetry, fiction, creative nonfiction/memoir and drama - and how workshops work.
She will read some of her poems and take questions from the audience.
Her poems have appeared or are forthcoming in "New Verse News," "The Prose-Poem Project," "Literary Brushstrokes" and more.
She is the author of three chapbooks: "Prickly Beer and Purple Panties," "A Charm Bracelet For Cruising" and "Winged Graffiti." She also co-authored "Company of Women: New and Selected Poems."
She teaches creative writing and is diligently working on a full length poetry memoir.
In addition to the presentation, a writers group is forming. Information regarding it will be discussed after the presentation.


text:
Sr. UX Designer & Artist explore my portfolio
works @ Code and Theory in NYC
MFA from Carnegie Mellon
Fulbright Scholar in 2009
Follow me on Twitter @allyreeves
explore my portfolio
I love crafting functional and exceptional, user-centered experiences that make day to day life easier and fun. I have lived and worked in the US and Asia, and have traveled extensively in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. My work and my approach to company culture are informed by my experiences in fast-paced digital start-ups, brand and product innovation firms, and my experiences with creativity in fine arts studios around the world. When I'm not at work I draw comics, travel, and read. Reach out to me by email if you'd like to know more:
I design and help facilitate the building of great digital experiences.
A few of my recent stories...
No answers allowed in this design studio
The Shoe, Shave & Key Stalls of Mumbai
User testing for accuracy discovery
I created a design for one of the plates that will be used in artists Shaun Slifer & Stuart Anderson's Penny Smasher Project.Read more...
Project details are not public at this time
Project details are not public at this time
Project details are not public at this time
I worked with the Atlantic Health Center team to design a website for the opening of their new holisitc care center, the Chamber's Center for Wellbeing.chamberscenterforwellbeing.org
I worked as part of a collaborative team on a research project aimed at improving 3M's search experience.3M.com
I acted as lead designer for Turnstone's MyDesigner iOS app.Turnstone.com
This conceptual design reimagines an online herbarium; using storytelling to prompt a deeper exploration of Mongolian Culture.Learn more...
A graphic novel: from hand drawn images to hyperlinks, this graphic novel spans multiple generations and crosses international borders.Learn more...
The re-design for this page floated critical details up to user's first entry point. L+M's brand offering is a human, friendly and approachable service line of treatments and healthcare options.www.lmhospital.org
This project gathered AHS's research offerings and information into a single site and clinical trials search experience.Visit AHS Clinical Trials site
Every time I set out to learn something new I come up with some pretty playful stuff in the process.Hear from this Old Bear
I assisted in user testing & the heuristic review of Pitney-Bowes MapInfo Pro. & the Pitney-Bowes PbSmart Postage web applications.
Learn more about theMapInfo.com
Learn more about thepb.com
I worked with this Hong-Kong based financial start-up for a short intense project to improve their investor software tool.InvestOrbit.com
worked as a creative consultant to help facilitate an Innovation Lab in at VW's 3rd Place Labs in Berlin, Germany & the i2 Institute launch in Saudi Arabia.
Learn more about the i2 Institute
Learn more about the Architectz of Group Genius
The Look-See Tree was made possible with a grant from the Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute, and was part of the Robot 250 program which brought robots to the public arts in Pittsburgh, PA.
In 2009-2010 I received Fulbright/ Nehru grant to travel and work in India. I conducted a year long project aimed at documenting street vendors and their temporary, mobile structures.
Check out documentation for "The Making of an Informed Portrait"
Learn more about the Fulbright foundation:
I've taught a number of college and public arts courses at
Carnegie Mellon, Pittsburgh Center for the Arts and the Mattress Factory Museum.
One Mile Garden (OMG) started in 2008, in an on-going effort to catalyze small-scale food production in the city of of York, Alabama.
Learn more about the One Mile Garden Project
Make Yourself at Home was my contribution to SCALE, an exhibit I curated at the Trahern Gallery at Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, Tennessee.Check out the archive and installation
Scale included 12 total artists and was shown at two galleries: The Space gallery in Pittsburgh, PA and the Trahern Gallery, at Austin Peay State University, TN. Scale's artists explore the economic downshift in fine arts productions and how it's shaped artists methods & lifestyles.
See photos from the SCALE exhibit
Check out or download a PDF about this exhibit!
Leapfrog Strategy Consulting partners with clients to achieve breakthrough solutions that activate their brand and business strategies in creative effective 360 experiencess.
Check out Axis Bank's Home Loans service
Learn more about Leapfrog Strategy Consulting: Leapfrog Strategy Consulting
I designed & built a portfolio for a well recognized Bollywood Film Colourist.
Bablrr is the product of an international collaboration between Engineer Thiago Hersan and UX Designer Ally Reeves. We like to help the masses keep their quick txts under wraps when it comes to being monitored on anything other than a basic human scale.
The Jigsee Mobile video app is a product of Jigsee Digital Media, now VuClip. With over 10 million downloads and 4 million users, Jigsee has made it's mark on the video streaming industry. I worked as lead UX designer and Visual Designer for this product.
Learn more about Jigsee and VuClip:
At Jigsee we created white lable video apps for partners like: Sony, UTV/Disney, Jump Games, Reliance Entertainment, and Vuclip. Check out some of our work with UTV:
The Mobile Museum (M.M.)is a portable show space which visited over 20 locations and reached over 2500+ viewers; in person, in spaces in the city of Pittsburgh that were residential and commercial, but typically vacant of public arts programming.Learn more about this the Mobile Museum
John Pena and I created a free bicycle mail delivery service called the Pittsburgh Pedal Express. We built a wooden mailbox and on it inscribed: "Write a letter to someone in Pittsburgh, drop it in our box and we will deliver it by bicycle.
Learn more about Pedal Postal Express
Check out News coverage of Pedal Postal Express
In my research of hawkers during my Fulbright fellowship, I started to created paper-cut images based on categorizations of published articles that portrayed hawkers in 4 key lights: biographical, architectural/urban planning challenge, statistics and instigators of conflict.
Taco Truck was a collaborative street-level project that sold tacos from a fake taco truck facade. We sold out within a few hours.
The One Mile Meal was a "recipe" for a day of activities exploring local food scarcity -or- availability. After a day of gathering food growing naturally or in nearby gardens, participants cook a meal with found foods: discussing food access in their neighborhood.
In the summer of 2006, I toured the East Coast as part of a 7 member puppet troupe. Our Performance, The Hardest Question Ever, featured chain-gang inspired music, and took place inside a life-size prison cell covered with hundreds of letters written by death row prisoners in the Northeast, US.
Check out photos from the Hardest Question Ever puppet show
A case study for the Turnstone MyDesigner appLearn more...
I find that certain portions of design process (test, prototype, repeat) tend to cycle more or less often based on the project. I believe that user testing is the best way to establish sound design thinking and increase potential for innovation and true product fit. At the end of the day, each project is different and requires any process to be fitted to unique needs and considerations.