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GenreThriller, Drama, Horror
Release DateTBA 2008
StudioClearVision MPG
Official Siteclick here
Cast and Crew
DirectorDaniel Simpson
ProducerGuillermo del Toro, Lawrence Gordon, Cliff Lanning, Steve Lanning, Lloyd Levin
ScreenwriterDaniel Simpson, Clive Barker, Paul Kaye
- Paul Bettany as Joe
"Born" tells the story of a couple who thought they had found the perfect place to start a family and pursue their professional dreams, only to find themselves caught in a terrifying supernatural plot.
Joe and Vanessa thought they had everything. They've settled in an idyllic English town that will be perfect for both raising their unborn child and for Joe to build his dream claymation workshop. From the local hospitality to the rich red molding clay found in the town quarry, it would seem they've settled in paradise.
But something isn't quite right.
The locals are almost too friendly, and while using the clay Joe begins to have eerie visions of a young girl's murder. Gradually, the story being told in his animation foreshadows the fate of Joe and Vanessa, leading Born to a terrifying conclusion that will shock audiences, leaving them breathless.


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Thank you *Kadri *. Friendly greetings from Italy
Thanks Judy for your visit and like. The yellow flowers of dandelion were arranged in a spiral from my wife. Even the necklace of flowers around the trunk of the tree. Best regards from Italy. Nazzareno.
An interesting scene indeed!
* Like 1 *
Friendly greetings :))
A lovely tree necklace :)
Friendly greetings ~ Judy :))
Grazie per il voto e il like. Saluti dall'Italia.
Thanks Zaro for visiting my gallery and for the comments. Best regards from Italy, Nazzareno.
Excellent shot, such vivid detail of stone. Beautiful blue sky :)
Like 2
Friendly greetings :)
Excellent color balance and sharpness.
Excellent photo. Beautiful scenery. Like
Thanks Lady Harley for the comments and like. I'm really glad you like my photos. Greetings. Nazzareno.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The state of the Patriots - Boston Sports Live, Mon., Nov. 4
Chris Gasper and Chad Finn discuss the state of the New England Patriots (7-2) in this Mon., Nov. 4 episode of Boston Sports Live.
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here is my 69 nova. I built this before the big block version came out. mini tubbed it put it on some drag radials with some resin rims. paint is nissan orange with tan interior. engine is a big inch big block with efi and a vortech. enjoy
Edited by freakshow12, 16 April 2013 - 02:02 PM.


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Falmouth debate over vernal pools continues as ordinance is sent back to committee
FALMOUTH — The debate over vernal pool protections will continue.
A Town Council vote on the proposed Resource Protection Ordinance has been delayed so changes can be made to wording and definitions.
Last week the Planning Board voted unanimously to send the Resource Protection Ordinance to the council with a recommendation of ought not to pass due to the board's concerns about a lack of administrative clarity.
As a result, the ordinance will return to the Community Development Committee for further revision. As long as future changes are not substantive, the ordinance will not have to go back through the public hearing process.
The proposed natural resources ordinance would go beyond the state's protection of vernal pools.
"I'm an individual landowner, not a developer," Lynn Foley said during a public hearing on the ordinance at last week's council meeting. "I'm on a private way, I don't have public sewer, don't have a public well. You don't pay for my plowing. I don't want you to. I appreciate that independence. I don't appreciate what I see happening. I don't see the protection of land owner rights."
Several other land owners spoke out against the ordinance during the hearing, citing devaluation of land as a significant concern.
The ordinance would require a 100-foot setback from all significant and insignificant vernal pools and only allow up to 25 percent alterations to the area between 100 feet and 250 feet of significant vernal pools. The pools, most of which appear in the spring, provide breeding areas for salamanders and frogs.
A 2009 geographic threat assessment study completed by Robert Baldwin of Clemson University and Phillip deMaynadier of the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife found that current conservation lands and regulatory practices failed to protect 46 percent of potential breeding pools and 80 percent of adjacent non-breeding habitat surveyed.
The study examined the impact of development pressure on breeding amphibian populations and highlighted the importance of conservation planning during the early stages of urbanization.
"I don't see this as an initiative to control development. There are many creative ways to work around vernal pools and natural resources. I don't really see this as a significant obstacle to business development in this town," Falmouth resident Caleb Hemphill said during the public hearing last week.
Council Chairwoman Cathy Breen said she wants to see the vernal pools protected because she feels the state compromised too much on its regulations.
"The science of vernal pools is still evolving. Based on the newer science, I would like to do a better job than the state," Breen said.
Others are calling into question the motivation behind the ordinance.
"In my opinion, any attempt on vernal pools or deer yarding is just a veiled disguise to take property rights away," Councilor David Libby said.
Libby, who runs a tower construction company, said the fact that commercial areas are exempt from the setback requirement shows that the ordinance is unfairly targeting residential development.
"This is a money and a land grab," he said.
Real estate developer Willy Audet echoed Libby's sentiment.
"If Wal-Mart wanted to come in and build, they'd be exempt from this," Audet said.
Breen said the commercial real estate exemption would encourage more commercial growth in the areas that are already zoned for it, such as the Route 1 corridor.
"A governing body is not allowed to take someone's property, but we are allowed to regulate it," Breen said. "Zoning often has individual winners and losers. The purpose is the public good."
Audet said he understands the need to protect natural resources, but pointed to a development his company created 10 years ago on Veronica Lane. Five of the homes in the development would have been within the proposed setback requirement of a vernal pool.
"These are expensive homes. This is a nice neighborhood. We would really lose the ability to do this," he said.
The Veronica Lane example, which he showed on a map during last week's public hearing, was built within the conservation laws of the time, requiring 50 percent of the land dedicated to open space. It also required Audet to get setback variances for several wetlands in order to build a road to reach all the homes.
He said he has asked the town's Planning Department to investigate whether this development would be possible under the proposed ordinance.
"Developers put a lot of thought into designing the locations of lots. It's a craft," Audet said. "Everyone wants to protect the environment, but the Comprehensive Plan calls for moderate growth. They've made it quite difficult."
Emily Parkhurst can be reached at 781-3661 ext. 125 or email@example.com


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New Delhi: Hero of India's historic World Cup triumph in 1983, Mohinder Amarnath says he drew inspiration from a dialogue in the Bollywood blockbuster 'Sholay' to get over the jitters of playing against two-time champions West Indies in the final.
"I remembered the famous dialogue of Sholay - 'Jo dar gaya so mar gaya' (the one who is afraid, he is dead). I told myself that it is my day and I have nothing to lose," said Amarnath, who was adjudged man of the match in both the semifinal and the final of the World Cup.
Twenty five years after the historic triumph, Amarnath described the Indian dressing room's atmosphere before the big match as calm and said that the team, which started the final as rank outsiders, was in high spirits since it had nothing to lose.
Exclusive Column: How we became the Lord's of Lord's
"We were very relaxed on the final day. Not a single player was panicky. We were playing together for quiet some time, hence there was mutual understanding and confidence of winning," said the all-rounder.
In the final, played at the Lord's, Amarnath scored 26 runs and took three important wickets for just 12 runs in seven overs as the West Indies collapsed to 140 all out chasing a 183-run target.
Amarnath said he did not fear the "dangerous" trio of pacers Joel Garner, Michael Holding and Andy Roberts and neither was he intimidated by explosive batsman Vivian Richards.
Full Coverage: How we became Lords of Lord's
Amarnath, who played 69 Tests and 85 ODIs for India, said the triumph was a dream come true.
"We used to watch World Cup finals sitting beyond the boundary line. It was a dream to play a final and hold the trophy. We literally lived that dream on June 25, 1983," Amarnath said.
"It has been 25 years since then, but I can still feel the thrill as if we have won the Cup yesterday only. It was an unexpected win and we are proud of it," he added.
Also Read: Kapil da jawab nahin
Amarnath said despite the odds, the Indians were determined to win as it was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to be at the top.
"We all were determined to win. You have to be numero uno as nobody remembers the runner ups," he said.
He rated the Man of the Match award in that game as the biggest achievement of his life.
"Definitely, It is my most precious asset. Things were not happening to me before the World Cup but that win changed everything.
"It was one of the rare opportunities when the whole nation celebrated together. There was no bar of religion, age, language or class. We have given a reason to smile to every Indian and it was the most memorable part of the win," he recalled.
Dream to hoist tricolour at Lord's inspired us: Kirmani
Cricket has changed drastically in the last 25 years and Amarnath feels the change has been for the better.
"More and more changes are coming up which I find is good as long as the traditional game does not suffer," he said.


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Disclosed are bilayer matrices of a polysaccharide such as collagen (COL) and another polysaccharide such as hyaluronic acid (HA) with various COL/HA ratios. Each layer has a porous structure. These materials are useful for tissue regeneration, particularly when used with orthopedic implants and drug delivery.
1. A method of repairing and generating tissues in vivo, comprising the step of applying a multilayer biodegradable matrix at a site of desired tissue regeneration wherein said matrix comprises two layers, each of said layers comprising a cross-linked polymeric component selected from the group consisting of proteins, covalently cross-linked polysaccharides, and proteins covalently cross-linked to polysaccharides wherein each of said layers has a porosity sufficient to accommodate living cells therein.
2. A method according to
3. A method according to
4. A method according to
This application is a divisional of prior Application No. 09/652,604, entitled, "COLLAGEN/POLYSACCHARIDE BILAYER MATRIX" by Robert C. Spiro and Lin Shu Liu, filed on Aug. 30, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,773,723.
The present invention is directed to biodegradable matrices for tissue regeneration.
Polysaccharides, such as glycosaminoglycans that include hyaluronic acid (HA) have been used in a wide variety of biomaterials. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally-occurring polysaccharide, has been used in matrix engineering in ophthalmic and orthopedic medicine. Clinical indications for HA alone are limited by its physical properties and the short residence time of the natural HA molecule. A formaldehyde cross-linked HA, Hylan, has been used in viscosupplementation of arthritic diseased joints (Takigami et al., 1993, Carbohydrate Polymers 22: 153-160.
Berg et al., (U.S. Pat. No. 5,510,418, issued Apr. 4, 1996) disclose glycosaminoglycans, such as, HA, chondroitin sulfates, keratan sulfates, chitin and heparin, chemically conjugated to a synthetic hydrophilic polymer, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) that are used as injectable formulations or solid implants. Kimata et al., (U.S. Pat. No. 5,464,942 issued Nov. 7, 1995) disclose phospholipid linked glycosaminoglycans and their use as metastasis inhibitors. Sakurai, et al, U.S. Pat. No. 5,310,881 issued May 10, 1994, disclose glycosaminoglycan-modified proteins. Balazs et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,128,326 issued Jul. 7, 1992, disclose hyaluronan cross-linked with divinyl sulfone.
The present invention provides biodegradable matrices for tissue regeneration, methods of making the matrices and methods of using the matrices.
A biodegradable matrix of the present invention comprises two layers, each layer comprising a cross-linked polymeric component that differ in their composition, density, and porosity, wherein each of the polymeric components is a derivative of a member selected from the group consisting of collagen, albumin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, hyaluronic acid, dextran, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, chitin, chitosan, heparin, heparin sulfate and alginate.
The two layers are attached by either mechanical adhesion or chemical cross-linking.
The biodegradable matrices are made by forming a layer by reacting a polymeric component with a cross-linking agent such as divinyl sulfone or a dialdehyde. Then the second layer, which may be a slurry, is applied and may either mechanically adhere and gel onto the first layer or be chemically linked to the first layer by cross-linking agents. The second layer also comprises a cross-linked polymeric component.
The present invention also provides a method of using the matrix to regenerate tissue by applying the matrix at a site of desired tissue regeneration.
The FIGURE is a schematic flow chart of the synthesis of an embodiment of a bilayer matrix according to the invention.
The matrices comprise at least two porous polymeric layers that differ in their composition, density and porosity, so that they have different characteristics within the environment of growing tissue. The two polymeric layers are separately prepared, then assembled either by chemically cross-linking or mechanical embedding. The layers will differ in at least one property among composition, density, porosity, and the nature of the cross-linking bond, but one or two of these properties may be the same for both layers.
In the present invention each of the polymeric components is selected from the group consisting of collagen, albumin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin, hyaluronic acid, dextran, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, chitin, chitosan, heparin, heparin sulfate and alginate. In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric component is a protein selected from the group consisting of collagen, albumin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin and laminin. In another preferred embodiment the polymeric component is a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid, dextran, dextran sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin, heparin sulfate, chitosan, chitin and alginate. In a preferred embodiment, the polymeric components are selected from the group consisting of hyaluronic acid and collagen. As used herein, the term "polymeric component" includes the polysaccharides or proteins and their salts such as the sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and the like, salts. Preferred forms of starting material of the polymeric components include those which have been approved for human use. The starting material for hyaluronate can be derived by bacterial fermentation or through isolation from rooster combs or can be obtained from commercial sources.
Each layer may be comprised of the same or different polymeric components. In one preferred embodiment, the polymeric component in both layers is collagen. In another preferred embodiment, one layer comprises HA and the other comprises collagen. Typically, the polysaccharides will have an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 10,000,000 DA.
A matrix of the present invention may be formulated in several physical forms, including sponge-like forms.
Drugs, growth factors, polypeptides, proteins, cDNA, gene constructs and other bioactive therapeutic agents may also be included in the matrix and can be entrapped within the sponge either by mixing the agent with one of the two derivatives before gelatinization, or diffusion from a drug solution into the sponge after their formation.
The agent may also be covalently linked to the matrix.
The matrix may be formulated into a sponge-like material that is desirable for an implantable formulation. The matrices of the present invention may be formed into any shape by lyophilization or air drying in molds of the desired shape.
Growth factors and/or therapeutic agents may be included in the matrix, and can include proteins originating from various animals including humans, microorganisms and plants, as well as those produced by chemical synthesis and using genetic engineering techniques. Such agents include, but are not limited to, biologically active substances such as growth factors such as, bFGF, aFGF, EGF (epidermal growth factor), PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor), IGF (insulin-like growth factor), TGF-β1 through 3, including the TGF-β superfamily (BMP=s, GDF-5, ADMP-1 and dpp); cytokines, such as various interferons, including interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma, and interleukin-2 and -3; hormones, such as, insulin, growth hormone-releasing factor and calcitonin; non-peptide hormones; antibiotics; anti-cancer agents and chemical agents, such as, chemical mimetics of growth factors or growth factor receptors, and gene and DNA constructs, including cDNA constructs and genomic constructs. In a preferred embodiment, the agents include those factors, proteinaceous or otherwise, which are found to play a role in the induction or conduction of growth of bone, ligaments, cartilage or other tissues associated with bone or joints, such as for example, BMP and bFGF. The present invention also encompasses the use of autologous or allogeneic cells encapsulated within the matrix. The autologous cells may be those naturally occurring in the donor or cells that have been recombinantly modified to contain nucleic acid encoding desired protein products.
As will be understood by those of skill in the art, the amount of agent to be immobilized or encapsulated within the carrier will vary depending upon the intended target, but will usually be in the range of program to gram quantities.
A matrix of the present invention may be administered through implantation or direct application depending on the intended application.
Each of the two polymeric layers may be respectively synthesized by cross-linking, for example, collagen and hyaluronic acid (COL and HA). Typical cross-linking agents include divinyl sulfone (DVS) and polyaldehydes, such as, bi- or trialdehyde. If one of the layers comprises a polysaccharide, it can be prepared for cross-linking by opening sugar rings and reacting with sodium periodate to produce a polysaccharide derivative with free aldehyde end groups. For chemical assembling of two COL/HA polymeric layers with DVS, they should carry both active hydrogen atoms and sulfone functional groups attached on their surfaces. This may be attained by either controlling the ratio of COL/HA to the cross-linker or varying the gelation time.
Alternatively, the layers may be linked by thermal dehydration. For mechanical attachment of the layers, one layer should have pores large enough to allow the components of the second layer to penetrate where gelation can take place. Thus, control of both the viscosity and the ability to gel in solution of substances of the second layer are important. A slurry of the second layer material with low viscosity and long gelation time may penetrate to the entire first layer. These parameters are controlled so the slurry penetrates sufficiently into the first layer to form a strong mechanical bond, where it gels.
In one embodiment, the first polymeric layer is prepared by cross-linking a polysaccharide or protein to another polysaccharide or protein. The two polysaccharides or proteins may be the same or different from one another. For example, collagen may be cross-linked to collagen, or hyaluronate may be cross-linked to collagen. Various COL/HA ratios may be used. Typical ratios are 2:8 to 9:1 collagen to HA.
The first polymeric layer may then be applied, mechanically and/or chemically, to the second polymeric layer. Typical chemical application may be accomplished by cross-linking with DVS or a polyaldehyde linking agent.
The FIGURE schematically shows an embodiment of the process for forming the bilayer matrix. The collagen (COL) and hyaluronate (HA) are separately cross-linked with DVS to form respectively the cross-linked COL layer 10 a and the cross-linked HA layer 10 b. The layer 10 a is cross-linked via hydroxy and amino groups on the peptide chains of collagen. The layer 10 b is cross-linked via hydroxy groups of the polysaccharide. The layers 10 a and 10 b are then cross-linked to each other with DVS to form the bilayer product 11.
The biologically active substance may be incorporated during fabrication of the matrix between cross-linking or mechanical application of layers. Alternatively, the biological substance may be incorporated after the matrix is fabricated by soaking the matrix in a solution containing the active substance.
The efficacy of tissue regeneration can be shown by both in vitro and in vivo tests known by those of ordinary skill in the art. In the present invention, the preferred therapeutic agents are those factors which are found to play a role in the induction or conduction of growth of bone, ligaments, soft tissue, cartilage or other tissues associated with bone or joints. The matrix, which may include therapeutic agents as described above, will be applied at a site of desired tissue regeneration, such as bone growth, cartilage growth or joint repair.
In vitro and in vivo assays for the assessment of chondroinduction, chondroconduction, osteoinduction and osteoconduction are known by those of ordinary skill in the art. For the in vitro tests, primary fetal rat calvarial cells, harvested by a series of collagenase digestions, according to the method of Wong and Cohn (PNAS USA 72:3167-3171, 1975), or primary rat epiphyseal cartilage, according to the method of Thyberg and Moskalewski, (Cell Tissue Res. 204:77-94, 1979) or rabbit articular chondrocytes, harvested by the method of Blein-Sella O. et al., (Methods Mol. Biol., 43:169-175, 1995), are seeded into the carriers containing desired agents and cultured under conventional conditions for 1-4 weeks. Cultures are then processed and evaluated histologically.
The chondroconductive or chondroinductive capability of a matrix of the present invention can be determined by successful support of adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation of primary rat bone marrow and stromal cells as well as primary rat or rabbit chondrocytes. Bone marrow and bone marrow stromal cells are the source of chondroprogenitor cells found in the subchondral bone marrow of full-thickness defects. Bone marrow can be harvested from the long bones of 2-3 week-old inbred Lewis rats and can be added directly to a carrier or cultured for 2 weeks under standard conditions. The adherent stromal cell population that grows out of these cultures are passaged and frozen for use. Cells from up to six passages are used for culturing or seeding on the carrier to test for chondroconductive or chondroinductive capabilities.
Retinoic acid-treated chondrocytes represent a less mature chondrocyte and can be used to test the ability of matrices to support later stages of chondrogenesis. Retinoic acid treatment of primary chondrocytes is performed prior to culturing or seeding the cells on a carrier (Dietz, U. et al., 1993, J. Cell Biol. 52(1):57-68).
Cell adhesion and proliferation are monitored using an MTS assay that can measure cell number and viability based on mitochondrial activity. Stromal cells or chondrocytes are cultured on a carrier containing a therapeutic agent for 6-18 hrs. in the presence or absence of serum for adhesion analysis and for 1-2 weeks for proliferation assessment.
For cell migration testing, matrices are coated or fitted onto porous Trans-well membrane culture inserts (Corning). Stromal cells are seeded on top of the carrier in the upper chamber of the Trans-well and a chemoattractant (growth factor, PDGF) to placed in the bottom chamber. After 12-18 hrs of culture the cells that have migrated through the carrier to the bottom side of the Trans-well membrane are quantitated by the MTS assay. The matrix is removed from the upper chamber and processed histologically to assess the degree of infiltration.
The analysis of differentiation markers relevant to chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are evaluated at both the protein and transcriptional level. The specific markers that may be analyzed include: 1) Type II collagen and IIA, IIB isoforms; 2) Aggrecan proteoglycan; 3) Type IX, X and XI collagen; 4) Type I collagen; 5) Cartilage matrix protein (CMP); 6) Cart-1 transcription factor; 7) Fibronectin (EDA, EDB isoforms); 8) Decorin proteoglycan; 9) Link protein; 10) NG-2 proteoglycan; 11) Biglycan proteoglycan; 12) Alkaline phosphatase. Differentiation may be measured by Northern/PCR analysis, Western blotting or by metabolic cell labeling.
For Northern/PCR analysis, RNA is isolated by standard procedures from stromal cells or chondrocytes. Time course tests may be used to determine optimal culture periods that range from 1 to 6 weeks depending on the cell type. The isolated RNA is analyzed by Northern gel and hybridization techniques with specific cDNA or PCR amplified probes. Northern analysis is quantified by densitometric scanning of autoradiographs and normalization to housekeeping gene signals (G3PDH). Northern analysis may be supplemented with quantitative PCR analysis using primers generated from the published cDNA sequences of the genes to be analyzed.
For Western blotting, solubilized protein lysates are isolated from cells cultured on matrices containing osteogenic or chondrogenic agents by standard techniques (Spiro R. C., et al., 1991, J. Cell. Biol., 115:1463-1473). After the lysis of cells the matrix is extracted in stronger denaturants (8 M urea, GnHCl) to remove and examine bound or incorporated proteins. Protein samples are analyzed by standard Western blotting techniques using specific polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies.
For metabolic cell labeling, cells cultured on a matrix are metabolically radiolabeled with 35SO4, 35S-methionine or 3H/14C-labeled amino acids by standard techniques (Spiro et al., supra). Solubilized cellular and matrix-associated proteins are quantitatively immunoprecipitated with antibodies specific for the protein of interest and analyzed by SDS-PAGE (Spiro et al., supra). Quantitation of results are performed by densitometric scanning of autoradiographs and signals will be normalized to either cell equivalents or to a house-keeping protein such as actin.
Additionally, the ability of a matrix of the present invention to support chondrogeneic differentiation in vivo may be tested in an inbred rat soft tissue implant model. Rat bone marrow or stromal cells described above are seeded onto the carrier at high density, cultured overnight in MEM medium containing 10% FBS serum and antibiotics, then transferred into Millipore diffusion chambers and implanted intraperitoneally or subcutaneously into 8 week-old recipients. Chambers are harvested after 3 weeks and evaluated histologically for cartilage formation.
A transplantation model in outbred rats is used to evaluate the ability of the matrix to maintain the cartilage phenotype in vivo. Rib costal cartilage chondrocytes are seeded onto the carrier at high density and cultured overnight in Hams F-12 containing 1% rat serum and antibiotics. The seeded carriers are then implanted into posterior tibial muscle pouches created by blunt dissection in 8 week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Explants are taken at 14 and 28 days and evaluated histologically for compatibility, cartilage growth, and maintenance of the differentiated phenotype based on staining for aggrecan and type II collagen.
For the in vivo tests, a matrix may be evaluated for the capabilities for supporting osseous healing in a rat cranial defect model by implantation into a 5 mm by 3 mm defect created in the parietal bone of 6 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley rats. The defects are evaluated at 28 days by radiographic and histologic analysis.
The in vivo model for cartilage repair is a full-thickness articular cartilage defect in the rabbit (Amiel et al., 1985, J. Bone Joint Surg. 67A:911). Defects measuring approximately 3.7 mm in diameter and 5 mm deep defect are created in the center of the medial femoral condyles of adult male New Zealand white rabbits. The defects are then either filled with the matrix or left unfilled as controls. The defects are evaluated morphologically and histologically at 6 and 12 weeks and then at 6 months and one year.
The following examples are provided for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Preparation of a COL/HA bilayer matrix with 70% COL content in one layer and 100% HA content in another layer. This example illustrates how to cross-link a HA/DVS layer with a COL with HA gradient.
To 20 ml COL/HA suspension (560 mg of COL, Prep F fibers; 240 mg HA; 0.2N NaOH) added with 240 mg of DVS. The mixture was immediately blended using a heavy duty blender at low speed for 2�5 sec., and poured to a designed mold. After about 20 min. when the COL/HA slurry started to gel, 10 ml of HA/DVS viscose containing 400 mg HA and DVS was added onto the top of the COL/HA slurry. Since HA/DVS gels shortly after mixing, the viscose should be prepared only 4-5 min. before application by a vigorous vortexing. The mold with its content was allowed to sit on bench at room temperature for one hour to gel completely, then placed in 10% isopropyl alcohol solution for one hour. The matrix thus formed was washed with a large volume of D.I water with several changes for 48 hours, followed by lyophilization.
Preparation of a COL/HA bilayer matrix with 100% COL content in one layer and 100% HA content in another layer. This example illustrates how to cross-link a HA/DVS layer to a COL/Glutaraldehyde layer.
COL matrix was prepared by cross-linking pre-fabricated COL sponge with glutaraldyhyde in 30% isopropyl alcohol by a regular procedure adopted in-house. The matrix was soaked in 0.2 N NaOH for 5 min. and placed in an appropriate mold. HA/DVS viscose was prepared as described in Example 1 and poured on the top of the COL matrix. After sitting on bench at room temperature for one hour, the matrix was immersed in 10% isopropyl alcohol for one hour, then large volumes of D.I. H2O with several changes for 48 hours, followed by lyophilization.
Preparation of a COL/HA bilayer matrix with 100% COL content in one layer and 100% HA content in another layer. This example illustrates how to cross-link a HA/DVS layer to a COL/DVS layer.
COL matrix was prepared by blending COL fiber (4%, 0.2 N NaOH) with DVS using a heavy duty blender at the low speed for 2�5 sec. The COL/DVS slurry thus formed was poured into an appropriate mold and allowed to sit on bench at room temperature for 30 min. HA/DVS viscose was prepared as described in Example 1 and poured on the top of the COL/DVS gel. After sitting on bench at room temperature for an additional hour, the matrix was lyophilized. The dried matrix was immersed in 10% isopropyl alcohol for one hour, then large volume of D.I. H2O with several changes for 48 hours, followed by lyophilization.
Preparation of a HA/DVS bilayer matrix with different cross-linking density in its two layers. This example illustrates the method to prepare HA/DVS bilayer get with a higher porosity in one layer and a lower one in the other through controlling their cross-linking degree.
400 mg HA in 10 ml 0.2 N NaOH was mixed with 400 μl DVS, mixed thoroughly, poured to a designed mold, then allowed to get at room temperature for 2 min. At this moment, 10 ml HA/DVS viscose (8% cross-linker and 4% HA) was poured onto the top of the HA gel previously molded. The bilayer gel continued to incubate at room temperature for another hour to allow the gelation to be completed. The gel was washed and lyophilized as described above.
Preparation of COL/HA bilayer matrix with different mass density in its two layers. This example illustrates the method to prepare HA/DVS bilayer gel with a higher porosity in one layer and a lower one in the other through controlling their mass density.
A COL/HA slurry [d, 70 mg/ml; 9:1(COL/HA); 0.2 N NaOH] was mixed with DVS (75 mg/ml) by a vigorous blending, poured into a designed mold. Immediately, another part of COL/HA slurry with a lower mass density [d, 35 mg/ml; 9:1 (CO/HA); 0.2 N NaOH] was mixed with DVS (35 mg/ml) and poured on the top of the first COL/HA gel. The matrix was then incubated at room temperature for another hour followed by lyphilization. The dried matrix was washed with a large volume of D.I. water and re-lyophilized.
Preparation of a COL/HA matrix with cross-linked HA in the core and 100% COL in the outside layer. This example illustrates how to embed a HA network into a COL gel using acid COL solution.
A HA/DVS matrix with the diameter of 8 mm, which was pre-swelled in PBS, was placed in the center of a well of 12 well tissue culture plate. 1.60 ml COL solution (Collagen Corporation, 3 mg/ml, 0.012 M HCl), 0.20 ml 10� PBS, and 0.20 ml 0.10 N NaOH were added into a 4 ml polypropylene round bottom tube, vortexed for 5 min., then incubated in a water bath at 37� C. The viscosity of the COL solution increased as time passed, and it finally became hard to flow along the wall when the tube was placed against both at a 60� angle from horizon. The viscose was carefully poured into the well and the plate was incubated at 37� C. for an additional 40 min., COL gel formed filling the space between the core HA matrix and the wall of the well. In this process, the penetration of COL viscose into the HA/DVS layer is dependent on its viscosity. Therefore, the COL viscose can be easily designed to only slightly penetrate into the core and gel only at the edge to create a firm physical cross-linking, while the integrity of two layers remains.
Preparation of COL/HA matrix with a COL gel in the core and HA/DVS in the outside layer. This example illustrates how to get a COL gel layer inside a HA/DVS matrix using acid COL solution.
A HA/DVS matrix disc in the size of 8�4 mm (r�d) was punched with a hole (r, 4 mm) in the center, swelled in PBS and placed in a tissue culture plate. A COL viscose prepared as described above was carefully poured into the hole. The plate continued incubating at 37� C. for an additional 40 min.
Identification of COL/HA bilayer matrices.
Synthetic COL/HA bilayer matrices were identified for their stability and structural appearance.
For the stability study, matrices thus prepared were immersed in PBS containing 1% penicillin/streptomycin and stored at 4� C. to prevent enzymatic degradation. After 2 months, no dissociation of two layers could be observed over all tested matrices, showing the stability of bilayer matrices thus formed.
Matrices prepared as illustrated above were stained with 0.01% toluidine blue, then with eosin. Two colors, blue and purple, were shown in the HA doman and COL domain respectively, indicating the formation of matrix with two separate layers.
Culture of COL/HA bilayer matrix seeded with FRC cell. This example illustrates the effect of the COL/HA ratio in two separate layers on cell attachment and differentiation.
Fetal rat calavarial (FRC) cells were seeded on a COL/HA bilayer matrix prepared as described in Example 6 at the density of 1.5�106 cell per ml HA/COL gel. 2.5 ml DMEM containing 2 μg GDF-5 was added to each well and cultured under traditional conditions. After 24 hours, the medium was pipeted out, the matrix was washed with PBS, fixed with 10% formaline, stained with crystal violet, then examined by microscope observation. It was found that the cells attached in the COL domain were spread and those which attached in HA domain remained round.
Culture of COL/HA bilayer matrix pre-seeded with FRC cells. This illustrates the effect of differences in the composition of the two layers on cell differentiation. Matrix prepared as described in example 3 was used. One bilayer matrix was soaked in a solution of FGF (+GF), and a second bilayer matrix was implanted without use of FGF (−GF). Matrix was cut to cubes of the size 8�6�4 mm (L, W, H), sterilized with ethanol, loaded with FRC cells at the density of 4�105 cell/specimen, and cultured at 37� C. in DMEM for 4 weeks. The medium was changed every other day. After 4 weeks, the matrix was removed from the medium, washed with PBS, and examined for cellular morphology by histology, counted for cell number by quantitation of DNA, measured for levels of alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) by reacting with p-nitrophenol, and measured for sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) by the dimethylmethlene blue assay. Cells in the HA layer had a round, aggregated, and chondrocyte-like morphology, while those grown in the COL layer were flattened and spread. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that cells in the COL layer expressed a high level of ALP and a low level of GAGs compared to those in the HA layer (Table 1). These results demonstrate that the differentiation of cells within distinct regions of the bilayer matrix can be determined by specific compositional changes.
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2012 All-Freshman Team
Defense & Special Teams
CFN All-Freshman Teams
- 2011 CFN All-Freshman Team |
2010 CFN All-Freshman Team
CFN All-Freshman Team |
2008 CFN All-Freshman
- 2007
CFN All-Freshman Team |
CFN All-Freshman Team
- 2005
CFN All-Freshman Team | 2004
CFN All-Freshman Team
Write-ups By
Richard Cirminiello
- 2012 CFN Freshman All-America
Defensive Freshman of the Year: DE Devonte Fields, TCU
DE Deion Barnes, Penn State
In his second year on campus, Barnes became just the second Nittany Lion to ever be named Big Ten Freshman of the Year. The 6-4, 246-pound Philadelphia native, who briefly considered a transfer to Temple, made the most of his decision to stick around Happy Valley in 2012. He's a natural pass rusher, with the long arms and the active hands to navigate most opposing tackles. Barnes kicked off his Penn State career with a team-high 10 tackles for loss and six sacks to go along with three forced fumbles.
DT Issac Gross, Ole Miss
Hugh Freeze's new Rebels staff likes its defensive players to be undersized and quick to the ball. The 6-3, 270-pound Gross fits the job description rather well, elevating into a starting role in his first year out of South Panola (Miss.) High School. Hitting the gaps in an instant and with non-stop energy, he did a solid job of making plays against a tough SEC schedule. Gross has chipped in with 38 tackles, nine stops for loss and 2.5 sacks, laying a solid foundation for the next three seasons on the Grove.
DT Leonard Williams, USC
No rookie interior lineman has had a better debut in 2012 than Williams has had for the Trojans. The cross-country import from Daytona Beach, Fla. felt right at home in Los Angeles, earning Pac-12 Defensive Freshman of the Year honors. For a 6-5, 270-pounder, he plays with excellent athleticism, balance and get-off. As he gets a little bigger, he'll be capable of handling strongside end or remaining on the interior. With a bowl game still left, Williams has 50 tackles, 13 stops behind the line and 7.5 sacks.
DE Devonte Fields, TCU
The Horned Frogs staff was absolutely ecstatic about winning a tough battle to land Fields in February, and now everyone knows why. The rookie out of Arlington, Tex. took advantage of an early injury to veteran Ross Forrest, and never looked back. Explosive out of his stance and very quick around the edge, he leads the Big 12 with 17.5 tackles for loss, while setting the standard among freshmen with nine sacks. The Hendricks Award finalist will only get better with more reps and added muscle, challenging to become the next elite pass rusher for Gary Patterson in Fort Worth.
LB Isaiah Bruce, West Virginia
While there was not a ton to cheer about on defense in Morgantown this year, Bruce is among the young Mountaineers providing hope for a brighter future. The starter in the middle has taken on a leadership role in just his second year out of Jacksonville, Fla. Bruce is undersized at 6-1 and 225 pounds, but his speed and tenacity mesh well with the scheme at West Virginia. He's second on the team with 86 tackles, chipping in another 6.5 stops for loss, three pass breakups and two fumble recoveries.
LB Benardrick McKinney, Mississippi State
It's uncommon for a rookie to start at middle linebacker, especially in the SEC. There's not a lot that's common about McKinney. At 6-5 and 235 pounds, he's a tremendous physical specimen, with the wingspan and the length to be a disruptive force on defense. However, he also has a great feel for the game, drawing parallels to former Bulldogs—and current Seattle Seahawks—LB K.J. Wright. McKinney is second on State with 97 stops, adding 4.5 tackles for loss and four pass breakups.
LB Denzel Nkemdiche, Ole Miss
Nkemdiche is exactly what new head coach Hugh Freeze was looking for in his first 'Stinger', a freelancing hybrid between a linebacker and a safety. He's fast, energetic and versatile enough to wreak havoc all over the field. The 5-10, 197-pound All-SEC performer has been a terror from start to finish, collecting a Rebels-high 78 tackles, 12 stops for loss, three sacks, three picks and four forced fumbles. Nkemdiche is the kind of playmaker on which the Ole Miss D will be built over the next three years.
CB Jalen Mills, LSU
Mills wasn't supposed to be so busy as a starter in his debut season. But then again, Heisman finalist Tyrann Mathieu wasn't supposed to get booted from the program either. Sure, he had some ups and downs during a baptism by fire, but he also gave enough glimpses to be considered a future lockdown corner in the SEC. Mills has steadily improved throughout his first year, making 52 stops, a pair of picks and five pass breakups for a defense that ranks No. 9 nationally in pass efficiency D.
S Karl Joseph, West Virginia
Enrolling in school early and participating in spring drills apparently gave Joseph the head start he needed to contribute right away. The recruit from Orlando, Fla. showed the coaching staff that he was physically and mentally prepared to compete the moment he stepped foot on campus, never shying away from a confrontation. After winning the job at free safety, he helped bring some much-needed swagger to a vulnerable D, while collecting a team-high 95 tackles, seven stops for loss, a couple of picks and three forced fumbles.
S Shaq Thompson, Washington
The Huskies were so close to never signing the blue-chipper, who originally gave a verbal to Cal. U-Dub is ecstatic to have him in Seattle for at least the next two seasons. Thompson is the prototype at safety, though he mostly played at the nickel in his debut. He's big, a sturdy 6-2, 215-pounder. He's fast. And he likes to throw his weight around. Thompson is the kind of budding defensive back who has typically wound up at USC over the past decade. Even a somewhat reduced role couldn't prevent Thompson from racking up 66 tackles, 8.5 stops for loss, two sacks, three interceptions and six passes defended.
CB KeiVarae Russell, Notre Dame
Thrust into an extremely difficult situation when projected starter Lo Wood suffered a season-ending Achilles injury in training camp, Russell has answered the challenge. Sure, he's gotten plenty of help from a veteran defense, but he has also improved with each game and with each mistake that he makes. Originally recruited out Everett, Wash. to play running back, Russell has the right mix of maturity and swagger to thrive in man coverage. He has 50 tackles and two picks for a defense that's yielded just seven touchdown passes all year.
Special Teams
PK Ross Martin, Duke
One of the unsung heroes of the Blue Devils' long-overdue postseason return, Martin has provided stability to a kicking game that's been rife with inconsistency for many years. In his debut out of Walsh Jesuit (OH) High School, he's connected on 18-of-20 field goal attempts, including 6-of-6 from beyond 40 yards. Widely recruited a year ago by the likes of Cal and Texas, he earned honorable mention All-ACC, which could become an annual thing around Durham over the next three seasons.
P Tyler Williams , Marshall
This fall has been quite the whirlwind for Williams, who just last year was punting for the Atlanta Sports Academy. Once he beat out Austin Dumas for the right to replace Kase Whitehead, the rookie went on to average 45.2 yards, which would have placed second in Conference USA had he punted enough to qualify. So good was Williams with his distance and hang time that he was one of 10 semifinalists for the Ray Guy Award, given annually to the nation's best punter. Second Team
DE Dante Fowler, Florida
DT Jaxon Hood, Arizona State
DT Davion Pierson, TCU
DE Lenny Jones, Nevada
LB Travis Feeney, Washington
LB Cory James, Colorado State
LB Mason Monheim, Illinois
CB Ronald Darby, Florida State
S Deon Bush, Miami
S Chris Hackett , TCU
CB Lafayette Pitts, Pittsburgh
Special Teams
PK Austin Lopez, San Jose State
P Landon Foster, Kentucky
Honorable Mention
DE: Arik Armstead (Oregon), Eli Harold (Virginia)
DT: Christian Covington (Rice), Josh Tupou (Colorado)
LB: Kyler Fackrell (Utah State), Jabari Hunt-Days (Georgia Tech), Sir Thomas Jackson (Arizona), Jordan Jenkins (Georgia), Tyler Matakevich (Temple), Darryl Monroe (Washington State)
CB: Kenneth Crawley (Colorado), De'Vante Harris (Texas A&M), Darion Monroe (Tulane), Jimmy Pruitt (San Jose State), Trevon Stewart (Houston), Nick VanHoose (Northwestern), Zac Whitfield (North Texas)
S: Kevin Byard (Middle Tennessee), Michael Cole (Virginia Tech), D.J. Hunter (Marshall)
PK: Jaden Oberkrom (TCU), John Wallace (Louisville)
P: Tim Gleeson (Wyoming), Anthony Melchiori (Kent State), Will Monday (Duke), Ethan Perry (TCU)
- 2012 CFN Freshman All-America


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36 year old woman | Austin, TX, USA | Seeking men 30-42 within 15 miles
Has passport, will travel.
I eat right most of the time, workout or run most days and I have a hard time saying no to anything that sounds fun. I like to be with people and I like to laugh. I'm pretty easy to get along with, and am accepting of different opinions and beliefs… so long as mine aren't judged. It's not unlike me to have a pretty busy schedule (refer back to liking fun). I'm on-time and considerate of others. I think my friends would describe me as fun and oftentimes silly, a great friend and listener, quick-witted, logical, supportive, driven, compassionate, energetic, passionate, adventurous and eager to learn and be a better me. I think my parents would say I'm confident, dependable, thoughtful and unwilling to settle for the ordinary. Things I love: college football, laughing, being with my ridiculously awesome friends, meeting people in random places (often), traveling, my passport, road trips, figuring things out on my own, an ice cold beer on a hot day, pizza!, Whole Foods, the smell of scotch tape, turning my organic veggies into juices, running, being in, near or on the water, happy hours, crossing finish lines (real or figurative), cooking at home, wine, movies, live music, Dave Matthews, text messages, music...always music!, being mellow (though, I have to force this one on myself sometimes) , being productive, being lazy, exploring this world and learning about new things, people, places and myself. I think I can get along with most people and have a hard time articulating a "type" that I gravitate toward. You should be funny, that's a fact!! You should also have your life on track, know where you've been, where you're going and how you're getting there. You should have a passport and be ready to adventure. You have friends who you can't imagine not being in your life – you love your mom and are close with your family. You're active, healthy and optimistic. I am all of these things too. I won't make you run with me or stalk Dave Matthews, but if you want to, even better. But let's face it, there also has to be a spark…without that, we're just friends… which is awesome too, I guess. So shoot me a message if you think we'd hit it off – I mean, I AM pretty awesome.
Coffee and conversation , Cooking , Dining out , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Nightclubs/Dancing , Performing arts , Playing cards , Travel/Sightseeing , Watching sports , Wine tasting
Billiards / Pool, Football, Other types of exercise, Running, Skiing, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Cats, Dogs
I like Fish
I love to travel - Favorite places internationally: Tokyo, Rome, Mykonos and Santorini, Greece, Cape Town, South Africa, Berlin and Prague. Domestically, The Gorge, The Big House, Southern California, San Fran, Bozeman Montana, Seattle...and Austin!
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
Beaches, mountains, snow, sunshine, wine tasting, being on a boat or a plane...just not in traffic, anywhere! Puppies, rainbows and butterflies are pretty awesome to... oh, wait...
If it's fun... I'm probably doing or being that. See above, about having a hard time saying no to fun things. Skydiving, boating, traveling, happy houring, running, skiing, concert-ing, eating, drinking, sleeping... been there... will do it again!
The last book...I'd be lying if I said it wasn't 50 Shades of Grey! Magazines you can find at my house: Rolling Stone, Runners World, Time Magazine, Women's Health. But, I'm a sucker for the Huffington Post app too.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'5" (165cms)
|5'8" (172cms) to 6'7" (200cms)
|Body type:
|About average
|Slender, About average, Athletic and toned, A few extra pounds
|No preference
|Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Salt and pepper, Dark blonde, Bald
|No Way
|No Way, Cigar aficionado, Yes, but trying to quit
|Social Drinker
|Social Drinker, Regularly, Moderately
|Financial / Accounting / Real Estate
|No preference
|$75,001 to $100,000
|$35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
|No preference
|Have kids:
|Wants kids:
|Definitely, Someday
|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
|Spiritual but not religious
|Agnostic, Buddhist / Taoist, Christian / Protestant, Spiritual but not religious, Christian / Other
|Bachelors degree
|Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral


text:
Intimately Beckham Cologne
By David Beckham for Men
Intimately Beckham Cologne by David Beckham, It features notes of bergamot, grapefruit zest, cardamom, violet, nutmeg, star anise, sandalwood, patchouli and amber . All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations. ... Read More
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2.5 oz Eau De Toilette Spray (Tester)
Item #460919
Testers are even more discounted than the fancy boxed versions and are great if you don't have a need for the fancy packaging... Read more Testers are 100% authentic, fresh and completely full just like the original fragrance, however they are meant for the counter in a department store. Testers often come in a plain white box but sometimes they do not have a cap or box.The savings on the packaging means you save even more!
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Gift Set - 1.7 oz Eau De Toilette Spray + 5.0 oz Shower Gel/Hair & Body Wash
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Gift Set - 2.5 oz Eau De Toilette Spray + 2.5 oz Hair & Body Wash + 2.5 oz Deodorant Stick
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More David Beckham fragrancesfor Women: Intimately Beckham , Signature For Her , Intimately Beckham Yours , David Beckham Signature Story , Intimately Beckham Night ,
for Men: David Beckham Instinct , Signature For Him , David Beckham Homme , David Beckham Essence , Intimately Beckham Yours , more
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Customer Comments
I was very impressed and pleased by your service. I was shopping around for the perfume I ordered for my wife's birthday gift. I could not find it at many stores that I went; so I decided to buy it online. I must say that many other sites had it for double of what you had it for and when I saw your price I was sceptical because it was so much cheaper. I ended up ordering it anyway and seeing the Yahoo rating of your site made me feel a lot more easier in placing my order. I must tell you I was very pleased, I am a very picky consumer and when I shop I like to know what I am getting into. My order was here quicker than expected and from the day I placed my order I recieved an e-mail confirming it. Once again I am a very satisfied customer and I know where I am going to buy my Mother's birthday gift.
S. Wiltshire (Waukegan, IL)
REVIEW SNAPSHOT®by PowerReviews
- Great smell (25)
- Great value (23)
- Long-lasting (19)
- Clean & fresh (16)
- Sexy (16)
- Overpowering (4)
- Doesn't hold (3)
Best Uses
- Daily use (19)
- Anytime (12)
- Evening (12)
- Special occasions (11)
- Signature fragrance (9)
- Reviewer Profile:
- Natural style (18), Classic style (11), Adventurous style (9)
- Fragrance Type:
- Woody/earthy (16), Oriental/spicy (13), Fresh/aquatic (10), Citrus/fruity (5), Herbal (5)
Most Liked Positive Review
A mix of herbs, spices and fruits, it is SO unique, more for special occasions.
I bought this for my husband.
He already had the David Beckham Instinct Cologne,...Read complete review
A mix of herbs, spices and fruits, it is SO unique, more for special occasions.
I bought this for my husband.
He already had the David Beckham Instinct Cologne, and has worn it for AGES, and loved it, so he was happy to try another of his.
It is very different to Instinct, as it is more for evening use, and the Instinct is more for everyday use I feel.
It's also highly recommended :)
Most Liked Negative Review
Too much whiz and not enough bang
I take this like a gift. It is overpowering for me, but my friend loves it. The package was wonderful. Thank you, Fragrancex.
I take this like a gift. It is overpowering for me, but my friend loves it. The package was wonderful. Thank you, Fragrancex.
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Comments about David Beckham Intimately Beckham Cologne:
- Excited With Clean
- Fresh Scent
- Just Right Spicey Smell
Best Uses
- In The Morning After Show
Comments about David Beckham Intimately Beckham Cologne:
LOVE THIS NEW CLEAN, FRESH SCENT WITH JUST YHE RIGHT SPICY. Undertones
- Clean & Fresh
- Great Smell
- Great Value
- Long-Lasting
Best Uses
- Daily Use
- Special Occasions
Comments about David Beckham Intimately Beckham Cologne:
morning and night
- Fragrance Type:
- Fresh/Aquatic, Woody/Earthy
- Great Smell
- Sensual
Best Uses
- Anytime
Comments about David Beckham Intimately Beckham Cologne:
I just really love this scent on my Husband!
I have sesitivity to strong scents, and this one is purfect!
- Great Value
- Doesn't Hold
Best Uses
- Daily Use
Comments about David Beckham Intimately Beckham Cologne:
For everyday use. Aromatic, little spicy. Lasts 2-3 hours. Just ordinary smell, nothing special but good for price.
- Fragrance Type:
- Oriental/Spicy, Woody/Earthy
Displaying reviews 1-5
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Republican women
Today is the reservation deadline for the July 13 luncheon meeting of the Shelby County Republican Women's Club. Guest speakers will be Republican candidates for the positions in the Aug. 5 Shelby County General Election. The meeting will be held at The Germantown Country Club, 1780 Kimbrough Road (at Farmington) at 11 a.m. Call 754-6209 for reservations or information.
Mid-South Writers
The Mid-South Writers Association is holding its monthly meeting on Thursday at 7 p.m, at the Benjamin Hooks Library (3030 Poplar) in Meeting Room B. Questions? E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com or call 327-3465.
Summer fun dances
Frayser-Raleigh Senior Center, 3985 Egypt Central Road, will host a summer fun ballroom dance from 7 to 9:30 p.m. Saturday and again on July 31. Music by Jim Mahannah Band. Cost is $5 for members, $6 for guests. Bring finger foods. The center will also host a Tea Dance from 1 to 3 p.m. Tuesday. Cost is $4. Call 357-4474.
Shelter fundraiser
Fino Villa, 875 W. Poplar Ave., will host a wine tasting fundraiser for the Collierville Animal Services on July 15. Doors open at 6:30 p.m. The cost is $25 per person. Call 861-2626 or 850-8026.
'The Hollow' auditions
Germantown Community Theatre will hold auditions for its next production "The Hollow" beginning at 4 p.m. July 17 and 5 p.m. July 18. Call-backs, if necessary, will be at 7 p.m. July 19. Everyone is required to bring a recent photograph and should be able to demonstrate the ability to speak at least one form of the British dialect. There will be cold readings from the script. Needed are six males and six females, between 20 to 60 years old. Call 754-2680.
Lifeblood drive
Lifeblood will be accepting blood donations at the YMCA at Schilling Farms from 4 to 7 p.m. July 19. Donors will receive a Tropical Smoothie coupon and a Lifeblood T-shirt. Sign-up to schedule a donation time. Walk-ins are welcome.
Design contest
Calling all artists -- a T-shirt design contest is being held to commemorate Downtown Neighborhood Association's upcoming 30th anniversary. Area artists are invited to submit original artwork that evokes a sense of community, pride, ownership and involvement.
The T-shirts will be used as a DNA fundraiser to help finance projects that benefit all who live, work and play Downtown.
All entries must be in digital format at 300 dpi.
Size should not exceed 8 inches by 10 inches.
Deadline for entries is 4 p.m. July 23.
There is no entry fee.
Artwork should promote DNA and Downtown as a neighborhood. It is not necessary to include the DNA logo in the design.
Each entry must be accompanied by a contest entry form. Forms may be picked up at Downtown businesses or printed out from memphisdna.org.
E-mail artwork and contest entry form to firstname.lastname@example.com.
The "People's Choice" voting will take place during the South Main Trolley Tour from 6 to 9 p.m. July 30 at the National Civil Rights Museum's Founders Park, next to their gift shop at 424 S. Main.
The "People's Choice" and first-place winners will be announced at the Aug. 24 DNA meeting, and the new T-shirts will be available during the Aug. 27 South Main Trolley Tour. The first-prize winner receives a "River Experience" gift package that includes two-night hotel stays in New Orleans and Memphis and a Memphis gift bag. The People's Choice winner receives dinner for two at a Downtown restaurant. For information, call 351-8201 or 525-7118, ext. 17.
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Respond to Review of VEG Deli
by vegmish
Review: And actually pretty much gorgeous vegan dining. I note that some have criticised portion size. I filled up perfectly on really great tasting food: turnip soup, dumplings and the most amazing peach crumble with cherry and vodka sauce. This is my first visit to Warsaw and I will be coming back with a friend largely to come back to VEG Deli. "Cost" is a subjective thing I think. In terms of value for money this was exceptionally good. Objectively, the above dinner with a fab bottle of Obolon beer (takes me back to Kiev) was about £14. English speaking, smiling waitress and an English language menu. No spirits or wine but great bottled beers. I hope you go and enjoy as much as I did.
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Narrow your search
The company has slashed the cost of its Creative Cloud subscription in Australia to match the price charged in the United States.
Apple, Adobe and Microsoft have finally been held accountable for their reticence in the IT pricing inquiry, with the three companies summonsed to explain their pricing before a public hearing.
A plan to subpoena recalcitrant global IT companies in the parliamentary IT pricing inquiry seems to have slowed right down.
The Australia tax. We imagine it as some vast, groaning behemoth, barely able to move under the weight of its own corpulent avarice.
Reports surface of dealers planning to charge large premiums in addition to GM's $41,000 price tag.
The art of retail arbitrage -- buying products from brick-and mortar stores and selling them online for a higher price -- is alive and well.
Brian Mayer, creator of controversial service ReservationHop, learned what it's like to have a tech creation reviled by the masses. Now, he intends to make things right.
The GoCatch app now rates the demand for taxis, but the company still recommends the "discriminatory" practice of offering tips for pick up.
The mobile game is raking in the dollars, not because its content is good, but because every second tap brings up a purchase pop-up — most of them $99.
Appearing before an Australian committee, executives from the three companies struggle to explain why Australian consumers are socked with higher prices for digital content.


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The Golden Game: Baseball in Sacramento
The Golden Game - Baseball in Sacramento | PBS
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SomedayNeverMaybe | Denver >>> S.A.
View Single Post
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jul 2008
Location: Denver, CO
Oddometer: 221
Oaxaca... Amazing...
I rode into Oaxaca not knowing what to expect. I knew I wanted to eat a metric $hit ton of food as I've heard it's the cuisine capitol of LatAm (didn't let me down). I also had plans to volunteer at an organization called Oaxaca Street Children Grassroots. I pulled up to the hostel (Hostel Cielo Rojo) and was greeted at the door by Mauricio. He is a friendly guy that started the hostel with a friend a few years back. In advance I had sent him a note and he offered to put the bike in the plaza of the hostel, which was really great. 150 pesos per night w/ secure parking and a community of fantastic people makes for a solid deal.
The first full day I trudged the eight or nine blocks over to OSC. I walked in and met with Cliff (one of the founders) and Peppo (the volunteer manager). It really is a great organization and I'd highly recommend getting involved if you have the urge to help. Their mission is too... "provide Oaxacan children living in extreme poverty with an education. At our center we provide nutritious meals, medical care, and all support necessary for more than 600 children to attend public school." Along the way I also heard about another orphanage/school called Los Hijos de la Luna. OSC is very well run and there are actually quite a few volunteers around. The other (Los Hijos) is also well run, but there was a real lack in assistance from volunteers, so that's where I spent a bit more time. The first time I walked in I was 'attacked' by 30 or 40 kids starving for attention and interaction. I hung out, kicked the football, smiled, laughed, and even taught a beautiful little girl a little bit about riding a bike. It really was magical and put things into perspective for sure. If you find yourself in Oaxaca I would recommend stopping by both organizations.
One of the highlights from Oaxaca was visiting Monte Alban. It is a pre-Columbian archeological site with ruins overlooking Oaxaca from a beautiful vista. I explored a bit on my own and then ran into a small group of English-speakers. I met Frank, who was a Guatemalan traveler currently living stateside. He was a really interesting guy as-is, but he told me an incredible story as I got to know him. The route from Tehuacan to Oaxaca took me through the town of Orizaba. It sits at the base of Pico de Orizaba, which is an 18,500 foot glacier-capped mountain. The largest peak in Mexico and third largest in North America. Frank was there to summit the peak. However, a 25 year old American named Charles King fell the day Frank got there and he was asked to be a part of the rescue/extraction team. He gave up his goal of summiting to hike up the mountain in the middle of the night to retrieve the body. By the time they organized a medical and extraction team and reached the area it was 3am. He said it was obvious Charles didn't suffer. It seemed to really move Frank emotionally. Sometimes we do the things we love in life, but don't think about the dangers or consequences. The phrase "at least he passed doing something he loved" is thrown about quite frequently. In this case it seems fitting. Godspeed Charles King... Prayers and best wishes to you and your family.
Another highlight from Oaxaca was meeting and hanging out with my new friends Josephine, Gabriel, Erick, and Lisa. They are a great group who were driving around and visiting from D.F. (Mexico City). They invited me into their clan for a day to replace their amigo who was thrown in jail for the night for pissing on the street in front of a cop (long story - he got out safe and sound). After eating crickets in the market, they drove me up to Calpulalpam. It is a beautiful, tranquil, small village considered to be one of the magical towns of Oaxaca State. We drove for a couple of hours listening to amazing music, sampling mezcal, laughing, and exploring viewpoints and sights along the way. It really was an incredible day. Even the flat tire and visit to the vulcanizadora (tire shop) didn't change that.
When it came time to leave Oaxaca I was a bit sad actually as I enjoyed it so much. However, duty calls and the road was quite long to Puerto Escondido. I started my ride around 10am and didn't finish until around 9pm. Yeah, I know, I know... Rule # 1 of motorcycle travel, don't travel after dark. It is a long story but I ended up taking a very, very, very remote route through the mountains to Escondido. After riding for what seemed like forever, we ran into an impassable section only 20 miles from Escondido. We had to backtrack almost 40 miles back up and over the mountain to the main route. I say "we" because I ran into my first fellow motorcycle adventurers during the ride. I encountered Fred and Karen just after leaving Oaxaca. They were headed the road 'more' traveled, I was headed the road 'less' traveled (in the end we ended up on the road 'least' traveled). We agreed maybe to meet up in Escondido. Well, fast forward a few hours later, we all ended up randomly stopping at the same roadside grill for a rest, and some food and drink. Their GPS routed them the wrong way. We had a quite an adventure and I look forward to connecting with them sometime in the future. They've traveled quite a bit around the world on their 650, and Fred's blog can be found here.
Anyway, I've finally made it to Escondido. When I arrived last night to Vivo Escondido (a killer hostel started by a couple of friends - one of which is a fellow ADV Rider) I was greeted at the door by Mallory. They've let me park my bike in the secure pool/courtyard area. When I pulled in I was surprisingly greeted by Walter and Martin. These dudes are great. I met them at the last hostel and didn't expect to see them here. Walter is a cool guy from California, and Martin is a really hilarious, interesting guy from France who has been traveling on/off for approx four years. I was greeted with a beer and a plate of fish tacos. What an entrance!
Anyway, I'm being pestered by Martin to go to the beach, so I'm going to run for now....
Life on two wheels is good. Life in general is good. More to come,
PS... I fell in love last night briefly, but the feeling wasn't mutual. More to come on that as well. :)
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The Wolves Of Warrior Forest
There are two Alpha's but only if the male chooses an Alpha Female It is very rare that there should be A Female Alpha before a male.
Every 199 moons The Teens of the pack are taken to a clearing where they will be chosen by the elders.
If you are chosen you go off to a place where you are trained to survive on your own then the Elders choose a leader and Beta for you and you become a pack (This is supposed to please Star Clan) You may return to your History Clan if your mother is there every 3 moons until you move on then the new packs leadeer go to the Stone Ring where the New Clan get a new name then they have a vision of there new terriotory and take the New Clan there.
Only 4 Pairs of Wolves will be chosen along with two Healer apprentices
All Clan Leaders have a Sword that matches their element
Willow Clan:
They are great singers and acters and use this in battle and hunting.
Storm: The leader of Willow Clan. She has a grey coat and striking lightning blue eyes making her look like a Storm cloud Hence the name. She is strict but fair and intelligent and is highly respected by all clans- even Sequoia Clan. She uses her strength and wit to gain the upper hand against her opponent and in battle you seriously want her on your side. She was born and raised in Willow Clan, she has no pups but is the daughter of Bramble. Her father is unknown. ( She sings like Jennifer Hudson)
Lightning Sword.
Rain: Rain is the Lieutenant of the pack she is a blueish grey she wolf with chocolate browneyes and a dark grey splodge on her lower back making it look like something dripped on uses her strength and surroundings as her advantage. She is kind and thoughtful- but do not get in her bad books for your own safety! She isn't afraid of her past as a circus wolf and will laugh and joke about it along with you, she still has 4 leg warmers, on her front left leg she has a luminous yellow and black striped one and a pink and black on the right. On her back left leg she has a pink and black and luminous and black on the other.(She Sings like GaGa)
Bramble: A very old she wolf. She is very wise and most go to her for advice in battle and she used to be a Healer.
Thorny:An almost deaf male wolf he mainly just complains and sleeps but uses his weight in an attack.
Mistyeyes: A blind she wolf with a dark brown coat she has cloudy blue eyes and enjoys telling stories to pups- despite being blind she is a fearsome opponent having very good hearing and scent.(She is retired from singing)
Teens:(postions undecided)
Ali: A pretty white wolf with crystal blue eyes she is very kind and will always try to make friends and is very determined in that area. She fights with her protective personality and unusually sharp teeth. She sings like Britney Speares.
Her mother is Snowstorm and she was born and raised in the Clan.
Melody: As much as she hates to admit it Melody is probably the prettiest wolf in the has emerald green eyes- though no one has seen them, and a black and cream coat.
Her ears are a light grey and she is extremeley small for her age.
She is quite shy and fears that showing emotions is a sign of weakness. She believes that you should only talk when spoken to or if there is something important tosay .
She is quite interested in star watching (A Healers job) but is an impressive warrior as an understatement. She is one of the best singers too (Kelly Clarkson and Pixie Lott mixed together.)
She was found by Mistyeyes as a wandering pup and has a very strong connection to her. No one knows about her past because she doesn't like to talk about it stating that,
"Some things are better off not being known." She never cries and is often found by the lake looking for fish.
While fighting Melody is usually laughed at for her size - but it doesn't last long she is like a bullet and has a lot of stamina and uses her speed to put some force behind her attacks.
She also has an uncanny ability to climb trees.
Being very small she has virtually no wieght and is an excellent hunter- yet everyone finds amusement in seeing how much she can eat without gaining an ounce!
Roxi: Strangely enough Roxi is a Fox she was seperated from her mother by another wolf clan and Storm took pity on her.
She may be a fox but she is cunning and clever ,she is the brains behind Willow Clans battles being able to place the warriors in a way that ensures victory.
She is obviously red, black and white and has Amber eyes and is Sassy yet sweet!
She mainly hunts rabbits and mice but every little counts!
She sings like Adele
Chrissie: A peppy ginger and brown she wolf with smoky gray eyes. She sings like Carly Jae Rapsen.
Midnight: a scruffy black wolf that somehow manages to light up a room no matter how bad things get- completeley contrasting his dark coat and dark blue eyes. (Olly Murs)
Lucky: A laid back brown wolf with a blue collar left over from being mistaken as a husky he has gray paws and one eye blue with the other brown. he's one of the most popular wolves in the pack (Matt Cardle)
Snowstorm: A brilliant white She wolf with beautiful ocean blue eyes. (Beyonce)
Quinn: Cheerful brown and tan male with amber eyes. He has chains on his back left leg from being a dancing wolf in Thailand he was shipped here but broke free of his cage.(Chris Brown)
Shadow: an all black male with long fur draping over his right eye. He's rather cold to strangers but he can grow on you and if he comes to trust you it'll be as if you've been friends for life. (Taoi Cruz)
Flame: A pretty she wolf with a black and white pelt and sea green eyes but what really attracts other wolves is her mischevious attitude- the joker of the clan if you see a slight grin or glint in her eyes run and don't come back until her idea to humiliate you has gone away.
She means well of course and it can really lift your spirits after a hard day of hunting. (Pink)
Kiba: a handsome white cub with blue eyes. (Unfortunatley he doesn't sing)
Blue: a pretty black She wolf pup with amazing blue eyes.(Sings like Taylor Swift)
Sequoia Clan.
A Clan that Prides itself on their hunting abilities they are matched with Willow Clan in Battle but they usually just run into things. Only two members can howl and they have been chosen to go to Willow Clan to ensure a truce- But They don't know that yet SHHH!
They are usually easily angered and tricked into things.
Blaze: A brilliant ginger Male with Blazing Gold Eyes. He is Headstrong and rash but somehow it works against two of three other clans.
He has the Fire Sword.
Moonlight: A beautiful she wolf with blueish gray fur and blue Eyes, She is smart and calm.
Stonefur: A solid gray wolf with dark chocolate eyes.
Lick up: A pretty creamy coloured she wolf with a dark stripe on her back.
Kyle: A Tan wolf with blue eyes and blue eyes. He's Cocky and Obnoxious but he is a great friend and will listen when the time calls for it he's energetic and kinda naive when it comes to others not wanting to talk about things. He laughs alot and is admired by the other teen she wolfs due to his handsome looks and "All That" personality, and boy does he know it! (Liam out of 1D)
Shasta: A Male wolf with a black back and tail his bangs are almost leading to his eyes like Kyle's but is black his underbelly and tail is white but leading down towards his legs it gets more tan he has a black nose with a white muzzle and black smudges around his one blue and one green eyes. He is very mysterious and not much is known about his past except he came down from the mountains from another wolf clan across his green eye is a scar. He ignores all the admiration from the 'fanwolves' as I have now dubbed them.
He has emotionless eyes and a frown etched onto his face with a metal studded, black choker around his neck. He howls like Justin Bieber.
Oak Clan
Strong and Wise known for there Elders living to near impossible Ages
Bites-Back: A calm and dignified male wolf with Dark fur and A red dusting over his muzzle He has brown eyes and his remarkable patience makes him one of the best leaders.
Water Sword
Karai: A pretty young She wolf with a balanced mind who knows when to fight and when not She is said to be the youngest Beta yet.
Thin Moon
Layla- Pretty She wolf with a bullying personality to those she thinks are threats towards the Sequoia Clan teens
Daisy- Beautiful Golden pelted She wolf with a sweet yet naive personality she has wisdom beyond her age however and is praised by all the elder wolves for her cunning.
Luca: A Fairly handsome wolf with white fur and golden eyes he is Naive yet smart and seems to have a slight crush on Daisy.
Spruce Clan
Slow but strong and Brave they will always listen to their gut before there head but this makes them unpredictable and a threat to all that stand in there way.
They are actually quite sexist in a way stating that Females should be with at least 1 male in case they can't protect themselves properly
Frost- A blueish white wolf with clear blue eyes. He has no temper whatsoever but he's not a pushover so watch out
Ice Sword
Raven- A black wolf with a strong personality she is not to pick in a fight and won't back down from an argument easily.
Sky- Pretty She wolf that has a unique colour of eyes - there no word to describe it other than light and greenish goldish blue.
Zuri: Pretty Sassy she wolf that will not be put down coz of her Gender. FULL STOP! She has a strange way of hunting by looking like she has nothing on her mind but play then pouncing when close enough.
Naomi: A submissive Healers apprentice with a strange nack for shivering even if she isn't cold.
Robin: Peppy energetic young warrior with the gifted ability of talking to the dead- slightly creepy but works for him.
Artemis: A quiet male Healer apprentice he is a quick learner and can already hear Starclan's warnings.


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Brett Favre was already a tool. We know this.
His "I'm retired/I'm not retired" shtick got old immediately, yet he did the same damn thing for three years. He's unapologetic for being one of the most self-centered athletes in sports, yet he's beloved by the media, which pretty much makes us hate him more.
But this new development takes the cake.
Sending cock shots to Jenn Sterger while you were both working for the Jets? Come on, Brett. Even you couldn't be that much of a douchebag. Could you?


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|The Official Site - Q&A Forum
|Jack Russell Terrier Club of America
Forum Main Menu
Post Response (Restricted)
Re: Trainer and Prescription DrugPosted by: Claudia A. Costa
Posted on: May 15, 2001 at 11:17:55
In Reply to: Trainer and Prescription Drug
: On May 7th I submitted a question entitled "Trainer and Prescription Drug" and I want to thank both Jane and Claudia for their prompt response. You also asked for a follow up, and I would like to do just that if it's OK.
: We were recommended a trainer through our vet for my male JRT Freddy because of some aggressive behaviors Freddy displays towards people who come into our home. Also, when he is startled he attacks our female JRT or who ever is closest and that would be me. After submitting a 12 page report on Freddy, we got together with the trainer for our two-hour consultation at our home. In the first 10 minutes she witnessed this crazed behavior he displayed towards her. Freddy attacked her shoes and barked at her in a high pitch. But, as I mentioned before, she at first gave him hot dog bits to pacify him, (positive reinforcement-which worked)but when she walked upstairs, she stopped giving him bits and he would not let her up the stairs. He barked in a high pitch, attacked her shoes and I guess, he was demanding more of those bits.
: The trainer recommended right away to prescribe Elevil in order to calm him down so we would be able to train him properly (Freddy did not respond to my commands during his episode until I picked him up). I was not comfortable with drugs, and in my last question, Jane and Claudia both agreed I should look for another trainer.
: This is what occurred since then.
: On Saturday, May 12th, I brought Freddy to the vet for blood work which was also suggested by the trainer as the first step. When we arrived to the vet, Freddy always demands attention and the technicians give him plenty! He jumps a bit and licks them to death and he is happy. Then we went into a room and the technician asked me the reason for the blood work. I suggested that she speak to the vet since the trainer had spoken to her regarding this process. Later, I found out that the technician could not believe that the blood work was for aggression: "he was licking me!" she said. Also, another technician (there are several of them handling the same dog) took him to another room and not even five minutes later, she took his blood and clipped his nails, which he would not let me do (I am a bit chicken and he picks up on that.) All in all, he was so sweet.
: When the vet sat for a short consultation, she first was surprised that we even had any issues with Freddy, because no one in the Hospital has ever witnessed any aggression. However,she agreed that Freddy should take the drug Elevil. She mentioned that years ago, she would not feel comfortable with correcting aggression with drugs, but today, she sees what a positive affect is has and that in the long run, the dog can be trained during these down periods.
: During the consultation, Freddy was sitting on my lap and at times he turned his face to me to give me some kisses. I thought he was thirsty so I asked for a bowl of water. The vetenarian turned to open the door, hardly standing from her seat, and Freddy began to bark at her. It seemed, and the vet even said this, that it was as if he was trying to speak, trying to tell her something. He didn't even want water anyway.
: My point is that JRT's are very intelligent dogs, and it could be that he is getting frustrated that we don't understand him. I want to help Freddy and I don't quite know if after all these consultations, I should look for another trainer and possibly another vet (although, this veterinarian is very good). My JRT's are both fixed with the recommendation of this vet, and I am glad we did.
: I am going to wait until the blood results, but I doubt they will find anything negative. My husband and I were searching for a trainer with JRT experience, but had no such luck. However, yesterday, my neighbor, who is friends with the owner of the Kennel we bring our dogs to, will ask him if he knows of such a trainer. This gentleman had the pleasure of owning two JRT's, and may know a trainer with JRT experiece. In the meantime, Freddy, who gained two pounds, and I will excersice much more and see if that helps curb his behavior.
------------------ Response Area -------------------
Thank you for the kind words.
I am not a vet and I have not witnessed your jrt's behavior. That being said, it is not in my nature to recommed that a dog be drugged to get it to act a certain way. Your jrt allowed strangers to clip its nails!!!! Do you have any idea how many will bite instead.
Giving a dog drugs to behave a certain way is a quick fix. So my question to you and the vet would be--what do I do when the dog gets older and he developed a tolerance? What do I do when the dog gets older and his kidneys go faster due to years of medications?
Like I said, I am not a vet. So if the vet said the medication is safe, I am in no position to question him.
Training takes time and a commitment. Drugs you can adminster and walk away and never deal with the problem. I call that a quick fix and not dealing with the problem.
Posisitve reinforcement DOES work. For example, when your jrt insisted on more hot dogs--do not give him any. He gets them only when he quiets down and stops nipping at the shoes. In fact, when he does that why not just say "game over". Put him away without saying a word. When he comes out and quietly deals with you, then he gets a piece of hot dog.
These guys are brilliant. In no time, he will learn that hot dogs only get dispensed when he is quiet.
Obviously, Freddy is terretorial and when someone new comes in the house or the room, he goes nuts. There are so many ways to work with this. But, it takes lots of time and patience.
I STRONGLY suggest you go to www.dogpatch.org/obed and find a trainer near you. You do NOT need a jrt trainer. A good trainer can deal with all types of breeds.
I cannot urge you enough to read about clicker training to get Freddy to learn that only when he offers the behavior you want does he get rewarded. This is a positive way to train a dog and EXTREMELY effective.
The choice is of course yours. Only you knw what is best for your situation. However, since the vet has ruled out any physical porblems, I would invest my time in training and developing a relationship with the dog.
Good luck and thanks again for the kind words.
Claudia A. Costa


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Outrage over detention of The Nation editors
THERE was outrage yesterday over the detention of editors of Vintage Press Limited, publishers of The Nation, over the publication of a letter from former President Olusegun Obasanjo to President Goodluck Jonathan.
Four editors of the newspaper and three other employees were arrested by the police at the Lagos and Abuja offices of the organisation on Tuesday and detained.
Deputy Editor Lawal Ogienagbon and News Editor of the weekend titles Dayo Olufade were detained at Force CID, Alagbon, Lagos while the Managing Editor, Northern Operations, Yusuf Ali and Abuja Bureau Chief Yomi Odunuga were detained at the Abuja Force Headquarters.
Also detained were Labour correspondent, Mrs Dupe Olaoye-Oshinkolu, Legal Editor John Unachukwu and Chief Security Officer (CSO), Jide Adegbuyi.
All but Alli were released last night after police interrogation and search of their homes and offices.
Notable individuals and organisations have condemned the raid on The Nation.
The detention of its editors was criticised by the Newspapers Proprietor Association of Nigeria (NPAN), the International Press Institute (IPI), Nigerian Guild of Editors (NGE) and Amnesty International (AI) among others.
The NGE berated the Police for taking Nigeria's rating down by a few notches.
It condemned what it called 'proxy arrest' of Ogienagbon, Olufade, Alli and Odunuga. They were arrested in lieu of the Managing Director/Editor-in-chief, Mr Victor Ifijeh and Editor Gbenga Omotoso, General Editor, Kunle Fagbemi, Deputy Editor News Adesina Adeniyi, Group Political Editor, Bolade Omonijo, Managing Editor, Waheed Odushile and Administration Manager Folake Adeoye.
A statement by NGE president, Mr Gbenga Adefaye said: "Those who came to effect the arrest were kitted in anti-human trafficking kits.
The drama was irreverent, irrelevant and unnecessary because the law has set out the due process for taking in anyone who has infracted against it.
"In this case, we are not aware that the editors of The Nation newspaper shunned any formal invitation to them with contempt. Those editors, who were invited in Abuja, honored the invitation with dignity and respect to the authority.
"The Attorney-General of the Federation must share blame for the Police misstep in these matters: he ought to have advised the action agency - the Police on the letters of the law which is specific on who is responsible for the content of a newspaper.
"The law does not allow for proxy arrest, which was the past time of dictatorial military regimes. We are 12 years into democratic rule where the rule of law is paramount, where due process, no matter how slow, is compulsory, where self help must be prevented.
"The Nigerian Guild of Editors demands that the arrested and detained editors be released forthwith while the police should follow due process in the discharge of its duties. Anticipatory arrest without a show of court certified warrant is unlawful and oppressive.
"It is an atavistic recline into the cave. Keeping the arrested editors beyond 24 hours without being charged to court is unlawful.
"Nigeria has moved beyond such frontiers and the police is expected to know their limit within the law.
"The place to establish criminality is in the court of law and no one should undermine the due process, in a way to diminish our country in the comity of the civilized nations."
The NPAN statement expressed grave concern at the police invasion of Tuesday, October 11, 2011, of the Lagos and Abuja offices of The Nation.
The body's president, Nduka Obaigbena said: "The NPAN said the police action was unhelpful to the atmosphere of free -flow of information being engendered by the historic signing into law, of the Freedom of Information Act , by President Goodluck Jonathan, on May 28, 2011.
"To say that the police action is a set back would be an understatement as it undermines the constitutional right of Nigerians to a free press. At this time when all hands should be on deck to help the police and other security agencies deal with our unprecedented security challenges, pursuing journalists and newspaper houses, instead of terrorists, could only be a major distraction."
Reacting through a statement by its spokesman, Alison Bethel McKenzie, IPI said: "We are appalled to hear that the police would simply raid the offices of The Nation and start arresting journalists."
"We are even more appalled that, over 24 hours later, the journalists remain in custody and have not been charged, which is a violation of their rights. Unless police have concrete evidence to prove that these journalists committed a crime, they should release them immediately.
"The Nation and all other news outlets in Nigeria have a right to publish the news, whether or not it embarrasses the president and former president."
Also yesterday, world human rights body, Amnesty International (AI) urged the National Assembly to adopt a motion imploring the Attorney General and Minister of Justice to fully and promptly investigate all acts of intimidation and violence against human rights defenders and journalists.
Africa Programme Director of AI, Erwin Van Der Borght made the plea when he visited Senate President David Mark in Abuja.
Mark's Chief Press Secretary Paul Mumeh said in a statement that Borght was of the view that "such investigation would help bring the culprits to book and serve as a deterrent to others."
"Amnesty International also canvassed that the National Assembly draft a bill to establish a comprehensive witness protection programme for the protection of individuals - including human rights defenders involved in investigations or other proceedings against those accused of human rights violation," the statement added.
Mark assured the delegation and the international community that Nigeria has resolved to eliminate all forms of human rights abuse in line with global best practices.
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What Boko Haram and NADECO have in common
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pregnant pauses in 2-D graphics; IRQ assignment?
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Join Date: May 2003
Location: flat, steamy Champaign, IL
Posts: 36
pregnant pauses in 2-D graphics; IRQ assignment?
Motherboard: supermicro P4DCE+,
dual 2GHz Xeon CPUs, 1GB RAM
Graphics card: tried both GF4 Ti4600 and GF4 MX400
Kernel: tried RH's 2.4.18-5smp,
RH's 2.4.18-3 smp bigmem,
cobbled-together 2.4.20+smp+acpi+xfs
kernel boot options: tried "noapic", "nosmp noapic" as well as default.
XFree86: 4.2.0 as shipped with RH7.3.
NVidia drivers: tried 2880 and 4363.
AGP access: tried Option "NvAGP" "0"
and default (which gave 4x AGP via agpgart).
I've tried many, many combinations of the
above kernel/graphics-card/driver/AGP,
but always find the following problem:
Many attempts to do things requiring 2-D
bit-blitting -- e.g. dragging an xterm
or even painting text into an xterm or
painting buttons on a GUI -- are liable to
be extremely slow, such that the entire
X server will lock up for tens of seconds at
a time. This makes it hard to type,
let alone work normally.
Curiously, 3-D opengl graphics don't
seem to suffer from this problem.
A similar system (Supermicro P4DCE+,
dual 2GHz Xeons, 2GB RAM) doesn't
have this problem.
The problem also goes away if I use
the "nv" driver instead of "nvidia",
but we really need the 3-D acceleration.
Suspicion: on the troublesome system,
the nvidia card always shares a
PCI interrupt (16) with the ethernet controller. On the well-running system,
the nvidia card has IRQ 10 to itself.
I can't seem to change the IRQ assignment
with tweaks like (since 01:00.0 is the nv card)
setpci -v -s 01:00.0 interrupt_line=12
setpci -v -s 01:00.0 interrupt_pin=2
The Ethernet is on the motherboard,
so I can't just move it to a different slot.
Anyone seen such a problem?
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