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According to the invention, a JTAG-compliant chip is further provided with a controller that receives data provided on the TDI input pin, forms parallel address and data instructions and passes the data through IO pins to the non-JTAG chip without requiring the data to go through the boundary scan register chain of the JTAG-compliant chip. This controller is used to program, erase, and read the other chip. For a non-JTAG flash memory device, the controller in the JTAG-compliant chip generates the necessary programming signal sequences, and applies them to the non-JTAG chip without going through the JTAG boundary scan circuitry.
1. A JTAG-compliant chip for communicating with a non-JTAG-compliant chip comprising:
a JTAG-compliant test access port (TAP) controller integrated on a programmable logic device (PLD);
a TAP input pin coupled to the TAP controller on the PLD;
a boundary scan shift resister coupled to the TAP input in and to the TAP controller;
a plurality of pins of the PLD coupled to the first shift resister and coupled to the non-JTAG-compliant chip; and
a controller implemented on programmable logic resources of the PLD coupled to:
receive signals from a second shift register that is coupled to the TAP input pin and implemented on programmable logic resources of the PLD, and
in response to the signals from the shift register and the TAP controller, send and receive signals on the plurality of PLD pins coupled to the non-JTAG-compliant chip.
2. The JTAG-compliant chip of
3. The JTAG-compliant chip of
4. The JTAG-compliant chip of
a state machine that in response to commands in the shift register sends and receives signals on the plurality of PLD pins.
5. The JTAG-compliant chip of
6. The JTAG-compliant chip of
7. The JTAG-compliant chip of
8. A method of using a programmable logic device having a boundary scan structure to access a chip not having a boundary scan structure comprising:
programming the programmable logic device having the boundary scan structure to implement a shift register and a controller for;
receiving boundary scan input signals,
providing boundary scan output signals,
providing signals to the chip not having a boundary scan structure, and
receiving signals from the chip not having a boundary scan structure.
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. A method of configuring a non-JTAG chip from a JTAG-compliant programmable logic device (PLD) having programmable logic resources, the method comprising the steps of:
a. loading an instruction into a JTAG TAP interface of the PLD that causes the JTAG TAP interface to enable a path for serial data transfer from a JTAG-compliant TDI pin to the programmable logic resources of the PLD;
b. defining a shift register in the programmable logic resources of the PLD that receives data transferred from the TDI pin; and
c. defining a controller in programmable logic resources of the PLD that receives the shift register data in parallel with the JTAG TAP interface and generates from this data signals applied to pins of the PLD that are coupled to pins of the non-JTAG chip.
14. The method of
15. The method of
16. The method of
17. The method of
18. The method of
19. The method of
20. The method of
21. A programmable logic device (PLD), comprising:
a plurality of programmable logic, input/output, and routing resources;
a plurality of input/output pins coupled to the plurality of programmable input/output resources;
a test data input (TDI) pin;
a scan register coupled to the TDI pin;
an instruction register coupled to the TDI pin;
a boundary scan controller coupled to the TDI pin, the scan register, and the instruction register, the boundary scan controller adapted to activate a first signal in response to a first instruction code in the instruction register;
a shift register implemented in programmable logic resources of the PLD, coupled to the TDI pin, and coupled to a subset of the input/output pins; and
a control circuit implemented in programmable logic resources of the PLD and coupled to the shift register and to the subset of input/output pins, the control circuit adapted to enable shifting of data from the TDI pin to the shift register responsive to activation of the first signal, and perform one of a read operation and a write operation on the subset of input/output pins responsive to a state of at least one of the bits in the shift register.
22. The PLD of
23. The PLD of
24. The PLD of
25. The PLD of
26. The PLD of
27. A method for accessing a non-boundary scannable memory via a programmable logic device (PLD), comprising:
implementing a control circuit and a shift register coupled to the control circuit on programmable logic, input/output, and routing resources of the PLD;
coupling the shift register to a test data input (TDI) pin of the PLD, and coupling the control circuit to a boundary scan controller of the PLD with programmable routing resources of the PLD;
coupling the shift register to a subset of input/output pins of the PLD with routing resources of the PLD;
activating a first signal by the boundary scan controller in response to a first instruction code in a boundary scan instruction code register;
enabling shifting of data from the TDI pin to the shift register by the control circuit in response to the activated first signal; and
generating access signals at the subset of input/output pins by the control circuit in response to a state of at least one control bit in the shift register.
28. The method of
29. The method of
30. The method of
31. The method of
32. The method of
The present invention relates to configuration of integrated circuits, particularly using a device with JTAG test circuitry to configure another non-JTAG device.
The IEEE 1149.1 Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) standard defines a serial test methodology that uses serial test circuitry in integrated circuit chips to access test data registers and to control and observe signals between devices on a printed circuit board. As shown in
This test methodology allows 1149.1-compliant devices to be serially chained together on a board or across multiple boards. TCK and TMS signals are connected to the TCK and TMS pins of all devices in this chain, while the TDI and TDO pins of each device in this chain are connected in series. Software can access JTAG test data registers on any device in the chain, and can also check or set the state of any pin on any device in this chain by serially shifting in data on the TDI pin of a first device under control of TCK and TMS, and monitoring the serial data output TDO pin of a last device. The standard was originally developed to simplify board interconnect testing by enabling easy access to any pin on a device, especially on the higher-pin count and finer-pitch devices. Connections can be tested by driving known values on one or more pins of one or more JTAG devices, and then confirming that expected values are detected on one or more pins of one or more JTAG devices.
Three flip flops 401, 402, and 403 may be serially connected by multiplexers 411, 412, and 413 into a shift register. These flip flops may also store and provide input and output signals to and from the interior of the chip during JTAG test operations. These flip flops form part of the boundary scan chain and are connected serially by placing a logic 1 onto the Shift/Capture line. These flip flops capture the input and output states of the IOB when a logic 0 is placed on the Shift/Capture line. Update latches 404, 405, 406 accompany flip flops 401, 402, 403 and are used to hold input test data stable during shifting of data through the boundary scan chain. A buffer 421 drives output signals from line 462 onto pin 441 as controlled by a tristate signal on line 464.
The operation of circuitry 400 is controlled by TCK and control signals from the TAP: Shift/Capture, Update, and EXTEST. When shift/capture line 451 is at logic 1, the boundary scan shift register is enabled and data can be shifted into or out of the boundary scan registers. In a typical operation, data bits are applied to the TDI pin and shifted through the boundary scan chain under control of the TAP controller. Proper operation of the shift register can be observed by pulsing high the Update signal to capture the boundary scan data from flip flops 401 to 403 into latches 404 to 406, then asserting high the EXTEST signal to apply the test data in latch 405 to pin 441. For example if a stream of data applied to the TDI pin includes a logic 1 that arrives at flip flop 403 followed by a selected value (1 or 0) that arrives at flip flop 402, a high Update pulse moves this logic 1 and the selected value to latches 406 and 405. A logic 1 EXTEST value causes multiplexers 416 and 415 to apply the values in latches 406 and 405 to buffer 421. The logic 1 in latch 406 turns on buffer 421 so that the value in latch 405 is applied to pin 441 for external observation. The value shifted into register 401 and updated into latch 404 will be sent to the interior of the chip as signal IOBI through multiplexer 414.
When the EXTEST line is held at logic 0, normal I/O operation is selected. Multiplexer 414 forwards the signal on pin 441 to the interior of the chip as signal IO3I. Also, an input signal on pin 441 is forwarded by multiplexer 411 to flip flop 401 for capture on the next TCK and UPDATE. The IOBO value on line 461 will go to output buffer 421, and will be driven onto pin 441 if the buffer 421 is turned on by the IOBT value on line 463.
To avoid letting line 453 and pin 441 float when no active signal is on line 453, one of weak transistors 431 and 432 is turned on, to pull line 453 high or low (as controlled by the pull-up/pull-down block).
Prior Uses of Boundary Scan Circuits
In addition to board testing, some integrated circuit manufacturers use this four-wire interface to send programming instructions and data to configure programmable logic devices in-system.
One way to configure programmable logic devices is to incorporate programming registers and control logic into a JTAG 1149.1-compliant programmable chip. Such a chip can be configured by serially loading programming address and/or data into one or more of the programming registers through the TAP interface, and then loading a program instruction through the same interface to instruct the chip to perform the programming operation. A controller in the JTAG 1149.1-compliant chip will generate the necessary control signal sequences to configure its programmable cells with the loaded data.
If a programmable chip does not have JTAG circuitry, then programming data and instructions can be sent to it by connecting the programming data and control lines of the non-JTAG device to a JTAG device.
For example: flash memory chip 200 requires a pulse on its write enable pin WE while its data and address pins are driven with values specifying the data value to write and the memory location to write to. The boundary scan register of the JTAG chip must be serially loaded with values to drive the data pins to the required data value, the address to the specified location, and the write enable line to the inactive state. An EXTEST instruction is then loaded into the JTAG chip 100 to drive these address, data, and (inactive) write enable values to the IO pins connected to the flash chip 200. The boundary scan register is then serially loaded with values to drive the same address and data values, but now the boundary scan cells for the write enable pin must be loaded with the appropriate bits to drive the write enable signal to an active state. Another EXTEST instruction drives these values to the IO pins. During these two operations, the address and data lines will retain the same values, but the write enable pin will now be switched from inactive to active. For a third time, the boundary scan register chain is serially loaded with bits to hold the same address and data values, and the write enable boundary scan cells are loaded with values to set the write enable pin back to the inactive state. Another EXTEST instruction will drive the same address and data values onto the IO pins, and the write enable pin will now be driven back to the inactive state to complete the write operation for this memory location. The time required to perform a write operation will depend on the length of the boundary scan register chain. JTAG chips with more pins will have longer boundary scan chains.
A read operation is performed similarly: the read address is serially loaded and then driven to the IO pins of the JTAG device using EXTEST. A standard JTAG SAMPLE instruction is executed on the JTAG chip to sample the flash chip data lines connected to the IO pins of the JTAG chip by loading them into the input boundary scan cells. These sampled data values are then shifted out through TDO to a JTAG test system for processing.
It is desirable to continue using a JTAG chip for configuring a non-JTAG chip, but to increase the speed with which data can be shifted into position to be transferred to or from the other non-JTAG chip 200 (such as a flash memory chip).
According to the invention, a JTAG-compliant chip is further provided with a controller that receives data provided on the TDI input pin, forms parallel address and data instructions and passes the data through IO pins to the non-JTAG chip without requiring the data go through the boundary scan register chain. This controller is used to program, erase, and read the other chip. For a flash memory device, the controller in the JTAG-compliant chip generates the necessary programming signal sequences, and applies them to the other chip without going through the JTAG boundary scan circuitry.
The JTAG-compliant TAP controller in a Virtex device generates SHIFT and UPDATE signals that are accessible by the Virtex core logic to indicate when TDI data is being shifted into the shift register and when the shift register has been updated with a value ready for processing by the controller.
For this AMD flash memory device 200, shift register 302 is 24 bits long. The length and data format of shift register 302 and state machine 303 are selected to meet requirements of flash memory chip 200. If another type of non-JTAG chip is to be accessed, controller 301 is modified accordingly. In the present embodiment, the two most significant bits CC in shift register 302 are command bits. Two bits can distinguish between four commands, in the present example "read", "erase chip", "erase sector" and "program". The remaining 22 bits are used to represent address or data information depending on the state of state machine 303. The state machine in this embodiment may be clocked by a separate system clock SYSCLK, enabling it to operate at a higher frequency than JTAG TCK. Alternatively, state machine 303 may be clocked by TCK.
The state machine moves from INIT state 401 to state 402 on the next SYSCLK cycle, which instructs the controller 301 to generate flash chip reset signals. Concurrently, a command and a starting flash operation address are being shifted into the 24-bit register. These operations can be concurrent since TCK and SYSCLK can operate independently in this embodiment. The state machine waits in state 402 until it detects UPDATE=1 at which point it stores the upper 2 bits CC in a two-bit opcode register and the lower 22 bits into a holding register. The controller then moves to state 404 where it decodes the two bit command in the opcode register and copies the 22-bit holding register value into an address counter. If CC=0, the controller goes to state 410 for a read operation. If CC is not=0, the controller goes to state 511 for program, chip or sector erase operations. When programming or erasing, the state machine goes through 2 setup states 511 and 512 which generate outputs for the first two bus cycles of the AMD flash program or erase command sequence. In state 511 the controller drives the flash memory address lines to the 12-bit hex value 555 and the 8 memory data lines to the 8-bit hex value AA. In state 512, the controller drives the flash address lines to hex 2AA and the flash data lines to hex 55.
A READ operation is performed until FLASHOP goes low. Looking at READ state 410 in more detail, in state 501, state machine 303 sends an output enable signal to flash memory 200, and drives the address counter value loaded in state 404 to the IO pins connected to the flash address lines. The controller waits the required flash memory access time by decrementing a delay counter, then moves to state. 502, at which time the 16 bits of addressed data in flash memory 200 are loaded into shift register 302. The other 8 bits of the 24-bit shift register 302 are loaded with 0's in one embodiment, but can be loaded with status or other information in another embodiment. A high SHIFT signal from the TAP (in response to an external JTAG test system) moves state machine 303 to state 503 where the 24 shift register bits are shifted out to the TDO pin for external observation. Note that the Virtex JTAG device can be part of a multi-chip JTAG chain, in which case the SHIFT signal may be active for more than 24 TCK cycles. The TDO data of the Virtex JTAG device may feed the TDI of another JTAG device and the JTAG test system will have to be in the SHIFT-DR state (see
When beginning the operation in state 512, if an erase command (chip erase or sector erase) is loaded into shift register 302, state machine 303 reads this command and moves to erase state 420. In the example where flash memory 200 is an AMD flash memory device, a chip or sector erase operation requires 6 bus cycles. The first 2 bus cycles are performed in states 511 and 512. The third bus cycle is performed on the next SYSCLK, where the controller moves to state 513 and drives the flash address lines to hex 555 and 8 data lines to hex 80. The next SYSCLK moves the state machine to state 514 which in turn causes the controller to perform the fourth bus cycle. The controller holds the address line values but changes the data values to hex AA. The fifth bus cycle is performed on the next SYSCLK where the controller moves to state 515 and drives the address lines to hex 2AA and data lines to hex 55. The state machine checks the 2-bit command to determine if a chip erase (CC=10) or sector erase (CC=11) is to be performed. The sixth bus cycle for a chip erase command has the controller driving the address lines to hex value 555 and data lines to hex 10 when the state machine moves to state 516. If a sector erase is specified, then the controller moves to state 517 and drives the 22-bit value from the address register loaded in state 404 (which is the flash sector to be erased) to the address pins, and drives the data lines to hex 30. For either operation, the controller waits in state 516 or 517 until the external JTAG test system loads a non-USER instruction. The non-USER instruction causes the FLASHOP signal to go low, which the test system will do after waiting the required amount of time for the AMD flash device to perform a chip or sector erase operation. When FLASHOP=0, the chip or sector erase operation is complete and the state machine moves to the WAIT state 540.
When state machine 303 is in state 512, if state machine 303 detects a PROGRAM command in the opcode register loaded in state 402, PROGRAM state 430 is entered. The AMD flash device has a 4 bus-cycle program sequence for programming a 16-bit word. The first 2 bus cycles were performed in states 511 and 512, similar to the first 2 bus cycles of the erase operation. The memory address to program a 16-bit word was specified in state 402 and loaded into an address counter. The state machine waits in state 512 for the JTAG test system to shift in 24 bits containing the 16-bit word to program into flash device 200. The state machine waits in state 512 until UPDATE=1, and then stores the rightmost 16 bits of the 24-bit shift register into a 16-bit PROGDATA register before moving to state 521. In state 521, the third bus cycle in a program operation causes controller 301 to drive the 12-bit address line to hex value 555 and the 8 data lines to hex value A0 for one SYSCLK cycle. The fourth bus cycle occurs on the next SYSCLK cycle, where the controller stays in state 521, drives the flash memory address stored in state 404, drives the data lines with the PROGDATA register value, and drives the flash write-enable pin low. Controller 301 then waits in state 521 for a flash data access length of time (which is dependent on the flash memory), drives the write enable pin high to latch the address and data into the flash (which also starts the internal AMD flash programming state machine inside flash device 200), and increments the address counter in preparation for the next PROGRAM operation before moving to state 522. In state 522, controller 301 holds the flash address and data lines at the specified values for the flash data access length of time before driving the flash device 200 output enable pin low. The controller then moves to state 523 to check the status of this 16-bit-word programming operation. The controller does this by holding the flash output enable pin active low while comparing the data lines to the PROGDATA value (decision box 524). If they are not equal, then the state machine goes to state 526 which drives the flash output enable pin to an inactive high while waiting for a timer to count the flash data access length of time before going back to state 523. The controller continues this loop until one of two conditions occur: the data comparison is successful, or the external JTAG test system starts loading the next 16 bits of data to be programmed into flash device 200. If the data comparison is successful, then the internal AMD flash programming state machine has programmed the 16-bit data into the specified address location. The state machine 303 moves to state 525 where the controller sets internal status registers and waits for SHIFT to go high to indicate the beginning of the next 16-bit programming data shift sequence. If the data comparison was not successful and SHIFT=1, then this indicates that the external JTAG system has begun shifting in the next 16 bits of data to program. This can occur in either state 523 or 524. In either state, controller 301 will set a program-fail bit if an internal status register before going to state 511.
To program a consecutive word location into flash memory 200, the external JTAG system serially shifts in a 24-bit value containing the 16-bit word to program, and the controller goes through the 4 bus cycle program command sequence again by going to states 511, 512, 521, and 522. The flash memory location in the address counter has already been incremented in the previous transition through state 521, so it is not necessary for the external JTAG test system to load an address.
To program non-consecutive memory locations, in this embodiment, requires that the JTAG test system shift in the address, followed by the word to program, and then a non-USER JTAG instruction to force the controller to go to the WAIT state. The JTAG test system must then reload the USER instruction to reactivate FLASHOP before loading the non-consecutive flash memory address and data word to program. In an alternative embodiment, a JTAG device accepts multiple USER instructions, allowing multiple shift registers to be defined. Programming non-consecutive flash memory locations is then accomplished by creating in the JTAG device separately loadable address and data word shift registers.
Other embodiments of the invention are also contemplated. For example, while the above description is of an embodiment implemented in a JTAG 1149.1-compliant device, another embodiment is implemented in a JTAG 1532-compliant device, but does not use any of the instructions specific to the JTAG 1532 standard.
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March 30, 2009 –NYSE Technologies, the industry leading trading technology experts and commercial technology unit of NYSE Euronext, today announced an agreement with Société Générale for its market data cost management software and services, Data Access and Reporting Tools (DART) Usage Analysis for Bloomberg terminals.
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Forgiveness meets acceptance meets wisdom in this powerful story of healing between a father and daughter. The story, written by Patty Rose of Livermore, California, appeared in Guideposts. May you know the peace and joy of healing any relationships in your life that are in need of it.
She left home at 18, certain she'd never see her father again. Suddenly, with the help of God's grace, she was caring for him like he'd never done for her.
The phone call came one cool winter day. It was the manager of the trailer park where my father lived. "Mrs. Rose, something is seriously wrong with your father," he said. "Would you come down here and check on him?"
It had been a long time since I'd seen my father, and I wasn't in any hurry to change that. I had left home years ago and never looked back. I married a good man and raised a wonderful daughter. I had my own life now—one that I had worked hard to build.
Ever since his divorce from my mom, my father had lived alone in a small trailer in Southern California, 500 miles away from me.
The real distance between us seemed so much greater. Yet somehow I heard myself promise the manager, "Yes, I'll be there tomorrow."
The whole drive down, memories flashed through my mind. Memories of the hurt I'd tried to put behind me. I remembered my father, the proud Marine, imposing military order on our household.
Making sure the first song I learned was the Marine Hymn. Snatching off the Christmas tree all the ornaments the rest of us had put up and rehanging them so there was exactly the same spacing between them. I remembered the battles he had with my mother and how their near-constant fighting was the soundtrack to my childhood.
I remembered longing to hear my father say just once, "I love you, Patty" only to have him yell at me, "You can't do anything right!" so many times I actually believed it. I remembered why I'd walked out the door at age 18, then left the area entirely in my late twenties, telling my dad, "I never want to see you again."
And now here I was standing outside his trailer, trying to work up the nerve to face him one more time. I knocked on the door, my hand, my whole body, shaking. No answer. Slowly I opened the door. I took a few steps inside and stopped, absolutely stunned.
My father was sitting on his sofa, looking confused and crying. This wasn't the angry, controlling man I had known growing up. This man was stooped and fragile and smelled like he hadn't taken a shower in weeks. He seemed broken somehow. Part of me felt sorry for him, but another part of me was thinking this was exactly the fate he deserved.
I looked around. Everything was in disarray. Papers were stacked up everywhere. Rotting food sat on the counter. The stench was so sickening I had to go outside and get some fresh air. I stood on the porch, overwhelmed by what I'd just seen.
"God, what am I supposed to do now?" I wondered. But as soon as the words escaped me, a sense of sorrow overtook me, and I knew what I had to do. I went back inside and packed up some of my father's things. He was coming home with me.
Not permanently, mind you. I figured I'd take my father to the hospital, and the doctors would find out what was ailing him. I would have someone come in and clean out the trailer while he was getting medical treatment. As soon he recovered, I'd take him back there, and my life would return to normal. The sooner, the better, as far as I was concerned.
But things didn't go the way I planned. The hospital staff did a whole series of tests. Finally a doctor called me in and told me the diagnosis: Alzheimer's disease.
It didn't quite register at first. The doctor went on, listing the reasons they had come to this conclusion and explaining the likely progression of the disease. "At this stage, your father can no longer live on his own," the doctor continued. "He's going to need some assistance."
All of a sudden the reality of what he was saying hit me. I panicked. There had to be a mistake. "Isn't there some medicine for him to take so he can get better?" I asked. I'm sure he could hear the desperation in my voice.
The doctor shook his head. He didn't have a lot of answers.
My heart sank. My father wasn't going home to Southern California. Not anytime soon. Not ever. He was my responsibility now.
Back home, I told my husband the news. My dad would be staying on with us indefinitely. "It's okay, Patty," Dennis said. "We'll manage."
I wished I could believe that. Instead, my mind roiled. How could God allow this to happen? Why was he asking me to take care of the man who never took care of me? It was the last thing in the world I wanted to do. This just wasn't fair.
Fair or not, though, it was happening, and I had to learn how to deal with it. The physical tasks of caregiving—cooking for my father, helping him with shaving and bathing and dressing, keeping an eye on him so he didn't wander off into the road or accidentally hurt himself—those I managed to handle, with a lot of help from Dennis.
It was the emotional part I struggled with. The days of looking after my father turned into weeks, then months, and my resentment grew. Every night I battered God with complaints. "Why did you put this burden on me?" I demanded furiously. "Nothing's going to change. He's always going be the same hard-hearted man who made my childhood miserable."
Not that he had the ability to carry on long conversations, but I could hardly bring myself to say anything to my father beyond what was absolutely necessary for his care. The more forgetful and confused he became as the Alzheimer's progressed, the angrier I grew inside.
One night I was putting my litany of complaints before God as usual. "He ruined my childhood. He was angry, bitter and hateful." Only this time the words reverberated in my head. Angry, bitter, hateful.
Was I talking about my father? Or was I talking about me?
I tried to push the thought away, tried to remind myself of every hurtful thing my father had done to me growing up. But all I could think about was my own hard heart. "Oh, God, I am so sorry," I said. "I'm the one who's angry and bitter. I'm the one who's been acting hateful. Please help me. Help me change!"
Then it was as if the floodgates opened. All the pain, the conflicted feelings I'd been holding back over the years came rushing out. I sat there for I don't know how long, crying, talking to God, asking him to help me let go of the ugly feelings I had toward my father.
I didn't even have the words to explain everything, but I knew he heard me. Because when I was finished, I felt an incredible peace, as if every burden had been lifted from me. I wasn't angry at my father anymore. I wasn't bitter. Forgiveness had cleansed all that from me. For the first time, I was free. Free of the pain of my past. Free to start living the joyful life God wanted me to live.
And that life, I knew, included my father. From then on, I made a real effort to connect with him. The nature of Alzheimer's meant my dad would forget some very basic day-to-day things yet his memory of long-ago events remained as clear as a bell. So I asked him about his boyhood and his service as a young Marine in World War II. He had never talked about these things when I was growing up, and I began to understand why.
I discovered how Dad had been traumatized by war. I learned that he too had had a painful childhood. His father had taken his own life, and that loss was so inexplicable to him, Dad had never been able to get over it. When he told me about his father, Dad sounded so young and frightened and vulnerable. I took him into my arms and held him like he was a lost little boy.
To counterbalance all his painful memories, I told him about the many blessings in my life—my marriage to Dennis, my daughter and granddaughter.
I took Dad everywhere with me, to church, to ball games. I spent hours with him, just talking to him and holding his hand. Something truly wonderful was happening between us and I didn't want it to end. I only hoped that my father could feel it too. I could never tell what he understood with the Alzheimer's.
Until one day at dinnertime. I set his plate before him. Dad looked up at me. "Thank you for taking care of me," he said, the words coming slowly but clearly. "I love you, Patty."
It has been eight years since my father died. Now when I think of him, those are the moments I remember. Those moments of, as I put on Dad's headstone, God's amazing grace.
Click here to view all my forgiveness-related posts.
Click here to view all the Guideposts stories on this blog.
Click here to see all my posts related to Alzheimer's.
Phil is the author of Through God's Eyes: Finding Peace and Purpose in a Troubled World, a comprehensive guide to living a spiritual life. Who will benefit from reading it?
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• Why is there an exception to "Everything happens for a reason"?
Those who worship logic instead of God are only half right. Not only is it logical to believe in God and to live a faith-based life, the existence of a loving, benevolent God that governs all creation is perhaps the only systematic worldview that explains every aspect of life.
Schedule a Mastery Mentoring phone session with Phil to learn how to apply principles of spiritual living more effortlessly and effectively. Priced affordably! Click here to e-mail Phil for details.
Phil is also the author of Sixty Seconds: One Moment Changes Everything, a collection of 45 inspiring, life-changing stories from prominent people he interviewed, including Joan Borysenko, Deepak Chopra, geneticist Dr. Francis Collins, acclaimed sportswriter Frank Deford, Dr. Larry Dossey, Wayne Dyer, Dan Millman, Caroline Myss, Dr. Christiane Northrup, Dr. Dean Ornish, Dr. Rachel Naomi Remen, Dr. Bernie Siegel, James Van Praagh, singer Billy Vera, Doreen Virtue, Neale Donald Walsch, and bassist Victor Wooten.
Here is a three-minute video that introduces you to Phil and his book. Click here to order Sixty Seconds. Click here to ask Phil to add you to his e-mail list for updates on his blog and books.
Reading this book is like spending a few minutes face to face with each of the contributors and listening to their personal stories. Click here to read unsolicited testimonials from readers. Learn more by visiting the official Sixty Seconds website.
Sixty Seconds was one of three finalists in the General Interest/How-To category at the 12th annual Visionary Awards presented by COVR (Coalition of Visionary Resources) in Denver on June 27, 2009.
Tags: acceptance, Alzheimer's, daughter, father, Forgiveness, love, reconciliation, wisdom


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Peter Stebe, NextSociety
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Steve O'Hear, Techcrunch
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Let's now look for genetic needles in cancer's haystack. It is not a simple quest. But against the backdrop of an explosion in the discovery of biologically and therapeutically significant aberrations in human tumor genomes, that's exactly what scientists and clinicians at Memorial Sloan Kettering are doing — with remarkable success.
Until about 1980, most research on cancer therapy was directed at tumor cells that were rapidly dividing, not "targeted" in the sense that the word is used today. The aim was to discover universal cancer drugs that would stop tumor cells from growing in all patients with a certain cancer type.
More recently, scientists have shown that cancers are highly genetically variable. Identification of genetic and molecular targets in individual tumors can be used to help select effective therapies and create new ones. And with the development of newer technologies, identification of these genetic and molecular targets has accelerated exponentially over the past few years. MSK established several new centers in 2013 to allow our researchers to harness a tumor's genetic information and exploit it to its full clinical potential.
The new Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology (CMO), made possible by a transformative $100 million gift from the Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Foundation, is undertaking a wide-ranging effort to correlate tumor molecular profiles with clinical outcomes and responses to therapy. CMO investigators will aim to identify the functional significance of genetic alterations in tumors and the opportunities they offer for treating cancer patients in a more individualized manner."In an era of personalized cancer therapy, the CMO brings together the diverse expertise and advanced technology required to perform molecular profiling of tumors," says MSK physician-scientist David B. Solit, inaugural Director of the CMO. "This multidisciplinary team includes clinicians, pathologists, cancer biologists, and bioinformaticians. By using next-generation sequencing [one of the methods by which scientists extract genetic information from tumors], we are able to rapidly decode tumor genomes. Our goal is to perform genomic profiling for all patients at Memorial Sloan Kettering. The CMO provides the infrastructure and expertise to accomplish this goal. It also brings physicians together with scientists who are working to discover new molecular changes that promote tumor formation, which may represent new drug targets."
Over the past decade, MSK has compiled a remarkable record of achievement focused on understanding cancer at its most fundamental levels and using that knowledge to guide treatment decisions. For example, MSK was the first academic center to perform large-scale tumor profiling when Marc Ladanyi, the William J. Ruane Chair in Molecular Oncology and Chief of the Molecular Diagnostics Service, developed methods to genotype lung cancer patients for genetic mutations in their tumors that predict for response to targeted drugs.
Another approach, developed by CMO Associate Director Michael F. Berger — who also holds an appointment in the Department of Pathology — Dr. Ladanyi, and colleagues in the Department of Pathology including Maria Arcila and Donavan Cheng, is a cancer genomic assay called MSK-IMPACT™, which uses next-generation sequencing to capture and analyze 341 select genes.
During this time, Memorial Sloan Kettering researchers drew upon a range of resources. Of special importance to studies of the molecular underpinnings of cancer is the institution's extensive collection of tumor samples, taken from virtually all patients whose tumors have been removed at Memorial Hospital in the past ten to 15 years. No institution in the world has a comparable resource.
"We have collected tens of thousands of tumors that can be used by MSK scientists to determine the spectrum of molecular changes that underpin the development of specific cancer types," explains Dr. Solit. "Among many other initiatives, Marie-Josée and Henry Kravis's gift will allow for a more comprehensive collection of tumor samples and the associated clinical histories of the patients treated by MSK physicians. For example, it will allow for the creation of a comprehensive centralized database linking the tumor archive with the relevant information associated with each sample, including molecular and pathological characterization of the tumor and the clinical course of the disease of the patient from whom the tumor was removed."
One of the challenges investigators face is making as many of these tissue samples available for DNA sequencing as possible. Dr. Berger will work to accomplish this. "We are optimizing our protocols and computational methods to be able to analyze the vast majority of clinical samples, many of which may contain very small amounts of cancer cells or may have been stored using preservatives that can reduce the quality of the DNA," he says.
MSK-IMPACT sequences genes that previously have been implicated in the development or behavior of tumors, and many can be targeted with existing drugs or with newer therapies now being tested in clinical trials at MSK.
"Targeted sequencing makes genomic research on needle biopsy samples or low-quality tissue more feasible," Dr. Berger explains. "And in some cases we have a better chance of making clinically relevant discoveries if we focus on deep sequencing these previously characterized genes in many specimens, rather than broadly analyzing the genome."
He and his colleagues are also working to develop new assays to detect mutations that the MSK-IMPACT assay may miss.
Another challenge MSK researchers face is the rapid development of new technologies. To help make certain that the institution remains ahead of the curve, Agnès Viale was recruited as Associate Director of the CMO and head of the MSK Integrated Genomics Operation (IGO). Dr. Viale, who created and has directed the MSK Genomics Core Laboratory for the past ten years, says, "My role is to ensure that our investigators have access to the technologies they need to conduct cutting-edge research. Our goals are not just to foster this crucial research but also to enable clinicians to use these genomics technologies as new, precise diagnostic tools that can guide cancer treatment decision-making. We want to develop new tests that will help our patients get the best treatments for their individual cancer."
"This is a very exciting time," she continues. "Sequencing is changing the way we study cancer in the laboratory and provide cancer care to patients. During the next ten years, I expect that we will move beyond the classification and treatment of cancers based upon the 'geographic' location of the tumor — for example, breast, lung, or brain cancers — but instead will tailor therapy to the genetic landscape of the tumor. That's where we're headed: We're going to sequence each individual's cancer to identify the therapy mostly likely to beat it."Researchers at the CMO will also work closely with MSK's Center for Mechanism-Based Therapies (CMBT) to bring new findings into the clinic. "There are two aspects to what we're doing," says Dr. Solit. "First, find the mutations that are important and figure out which ones predict for a response to treatment, treatment resistance, early onset of cancer, or prognosis. Second, after we have identified the relevant mutations, we need to develop therapies that directly target the mutant proteins or the pathways activated as a result. The CMBT will be the 'effector' arm of the CMO and will help translate our findings into clinical trials."
When mutations are discovered that may be targets for drug treatment — whether with currently available targeted drugs or new therapies — novel trials are needed to test these hypotheses. One such trial is called a "basket" study. Traditional clinical trials focus on a particular cancer type. Basket studies, however, are not tumor type specific but gene or mutation specific. "We enroll patients in basket trials based on a specific mutation found in their tumor and not on the basis of where their cancer originated," explains Dr. Solit. "We have patients in these studies with different cancer types, such as ovarian, colorectal, and lung cancers, all being treated with the same drug because their tumors carry a similar molecular signature. What we're trying to figure out is whether patients with a specific mutation all respond to a particular targeted drug."
"We predict that the work performed within the Center for Molecular Oncology will eventually impact the care of all patients at Memorial Sloan Kettering," he says. "Our vision is nothing less than to revolutionize the treatment of cancer, and I do not believe that there is another institution in the world as well-equipped to perform this work on such a large scale."
The CMBT, the next chapter in this story, involves the patient as a partner in both research and care. Co-chaired by physician-scientist Neal Rosen and Memorial Hospital Physician-in-Chief and Chief Medical Officer José Baselga, the CMBT's patient focus represents a paradigm shift in cancer medicine that illuminates, on a molecular level and over time, a tumor's adaptation to therapy.
It remains an unfortunate fact of treatment that even with the use of the latest targeted drugs, eventually most cancers will develop resistance. Yet the mechanics by which this happens are still largely unexplored. CMBT investigators aim to discover the mechanisms of tumor adaptation and the predominant molecular targets for halting this process.
"Our investigations will lay a foundation for developing new combination therapies that strike a primary tumor target as well as key secondary targets that underlie tumor adaptation," says Dr. Rosen. "The goal is to eradicate the tumor while preempting its ability to adapt and develop drug resistance."
Research at the CMBT will begin with targeted therapies involving close collaborations with the CMO and MSK's Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, among other divisions. The genetics-based research of these groups focuses on primary cancer-driving pathways and novel drugs that specifically inhibit them. "The CMBT takes the next step, emphasizing an integrated approach and looking at the physiology of the cell as a unified system," Dr. Rosen explains. "We'll study how a drug hits its target, how it shrinks a tumor and causes toxicity as a result of how often it's given, and how the cell adapts when the drug inhibits a targeted pathway. We'll then investigate ways to prevent this adaptation."
Finally, CMBT researchers will translate findings into clinical trials. As part of this work, they will closely monitor patients to determine the molecular course of their disease as well as the most effective mechanism-based therapy and schedule of therapy to increase their chances for a cure. In such studies, they will use many of the novel technologies developed by scientists in the CMO.
As part of a robust new effort to address some of the most "difficult" cancers — those that have proved especially treatment-resistant — MSK has established the David M. Rubenstein Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research (CPCR), directed by surgeon, developmental biologist, and pancreas cancer expert Steven D. Leach. Dr. Leach is a recent recruit from Johns Hopkins, where he was the Paul K. Neumann Professor in Pancreatic Cancer. The CPCR will be co-directed by medical oncologist Eileen M. O'Reilly, surgical oncologist Peter J. Allen, and pathologist Christine Iacobuzio-Donahue."The resources provided by Mr. Rubenstein [a member of MSK's Boards of Overseers and Managers] are transformative," says Dr. Leach. "They allow us to assemble a truly multidisciplinary team of physicians and scientists. There has never been a gift like this, focused completely on pancreatic cancer. This cancer has historically been under- studied and funding is woefully deficient, even as the vast majority of patients still die of their disease. There is an urgent need for much more study and better results, which this gift will accelerate."
Partnering with MSK clinicians and scientists, researchers at the CPCR will attack pancreatic cancer in a number of ways, including uncovering alterations in the genome responsible for the onset, growth, and spread of the disease. Dr. Iacobuzio- Donahue, another recent recruit from Johns Hopkins, has done seminal work in showing how pancreatic cancer cells with a series of mutations evolve into ever-more-complex lineage trees, and has started to look at the disease from an evolutionary biology perspective.
One of the initiatives she pioneered — which will be deployed by the CPCR — is a rapid medical donation program. In the program, patients with end-stage disease consent to have a rapid autopsy, in which living tumor cells can be taken from both the primary tumor and metastatic disease in other organs. "By engaging these patients, Dr. Iacobuzio-Donahue has been able to understand — in ways that nobody else has before — how different mutations are linked to the spread of the disease and how different subpopulations of cancer cells undergo evolutionary selection and growth," says Dr. Leach.
Working with biologist Scott W. Lowe, Chair of the Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Center at MSK, CPCR scientists will also support the distribution of innovative mouse research technologies that Dr. Lowe has created. These methods can rapidly and inexpensively create mice with pancreatic cancers that biologically are very similar to those in their human counterparts. "These mouse models will be made available to the MSK community so that they can be readily used in preclinical studies, allowing us to rapidly screen new therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer," Dr. Leach says.
Beyond mice, Dr. Leach adds that "we will create an infrastructure that fosters increased investigation related to pancreatic cancer throughout MSK. We want to make sure that clinicians and scientists interested in the study of pancreatic cancer tissue have ready access to tumor material, tumor microarrays, and tumor DNA and RNA."
An expanded program of clinical trials will also be launched under the umbrella of the CPCR. And, says Dr. Leach, "there are aspects of the biology of this cancer that make it an often- fatal disease, even when diagnosed early, so we'll also be exploring ways for ever-earlier diagnosis."
"The CPCR's mission statement is 'To improve the lives of patients with pancreatic malignancies through bold, innovative, multidisciplinary research,' and we want to devote all our energies to making this the best center in the world for pancreatic cancer research," he concludes. "We want to do the highest-impact research and rapidly apply our findings to benefit patients."


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But at the end I wanna' know what the fuck is Kwanzaa?
from Tyler, The Creator – Fuck Santa Lyrics on Genius
Tyler's dad is African but as everybody knows Tyler despises his dad. Like many other African-American kids, Tyler has no clue about Kwanzaa outside of the fact that it is for Africans. Maybe he's going to enjoy that more than Christmas.
To help improve the quality of the lyrics, visit Tyler, The Creator – Fuck Santa Lyrics and leave a suggestion at the bottom of the page


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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
Limited-time feature
34 year old woman | Irvine, CA, USA | Seeking men 27-38 within 30 miles
Don't take life too seriously. You'll never get out of it alive." ~Elbert Hubbard
Hey there, I was born and raised in Orange County. I have a small yet close family out here and great friends and I am super grateful for that. I like being active, and spontaneous, have good work ethics, love to laugh (usually at myself), road trips, nice dinners, working with others, helping others, snowboarding makes me happy, soccer, kids, being an Auntie to my sister's triplet's, the beach, sporting events, eating, working, not working, etc... I am pretty happy with my life but I would love some good company. I have done the whole party scene and I am ready to find someone that's over that as well. I am super genuine and have a huge heart and am ready to find my match. My goal for 2014 is to complete my first Full Marathon. (I have done two halves.) And to go bungee jumping. Now your turn... I'm looking for someone who shares similar interests and is confident with who he is and where he comes from. With that being said, if he is overly confident or has a big ego then NOOO thank you. I would hope he takes care of himself health wise, fitness, appearance, style, etc... I want someone to make me laugh so hard my stomach hurts. I'm not high maintenance by any means. Oh and I love food. I'm really random. I can have fun doing anything with the right company. Honesty is the best policy. What you see is what you get with me. I'm super sarcastic and witty so you gotta be able to hang. Life is simple. Don't make it difficult... Happy searching!
Camping , Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Playing cards , Playing sports , Religion/Spiritual , Shopping/Antiques , Travel/Sightseeing , Volunteering , Watching sports
Aerobics, Auto racing / Motorcross, Baseball, Basketball, Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Cycling, Dancing, Golf, Other types of exercise, Running, Skiing, Soccer, Swimming, Tennis / Racquet sports, Walking / Hiking, Weights / Machines, Yoga
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I like Dogs, Horses
I love dogs. I've always had big dogs growing up. Love goldens and labs. I definitely want to get a dog in the future. They are rad!!! Loving English Bulldogs right now.
Middle of the Road
Mammoth, Portland, the beach, hiking, traveling new places, trying new things, going on adventures, sushi spots, 80's cover bands, movie nights with girlfriends, yoga, always good times...
California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA
Sleeping in! Surprises! Days off! Vacations! Christmas! Funny Movies! I like things simple. No drama please. Not a fan. Try to keep my life as simple as possible.
always up to try new things.. I love getting out of OC even if it is just for a day. Love country.
probably your profile.
Z{{Cta}} {{#if HasMoreInfo}} ?{{CtaSecondary}} {{/if}}
|What she is looking for
|5'2" (157cms)
|5'9" (175cms) to 6'2" (187cms)
|Body type:
|Athletic and toned
|Athletic and toned
|Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|No preference
|No Way
|No Way
|Never, Social Drinker
|Travel / Hospitality / Transportation
|No preference
Do what you love. Life is short. Make every second count.
|I'll tell you later
|No preference
|Never Married
|Never Married, Divorced
|Have kids:
|Yes, and they sometimes live at home, No, Yes, and they live away from home
|Wants kids:
|Someday, No, but it's OK if my partner has kids
|White / Caucasian
|White / Caucasian
|Christian / Other
|Christian / Catholic, Spiritual but not religious, Christian / Other
I definitely believe in God and do want to get back into going to church on a more regular basis. I do believe that everything happens for a reason!
|Some college
|Some college, Associates degree


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Communications are made easier with the help of telephones. Technology is continuously on the path of advancement. Telephone was first invented by Graham Bell and from that time till today after undergoing several advancements new versions of phones are invented today. Inventions of mobile phone services have helped the world in so many ways that today people cannot imagine life without mobile phones. They are perhaps addicted to mobile phones, specially the youngsters, they are to sleep, eat, and walk with mobile phones in their hands. Similarly mobile phone companies have also profited extraordinarily due to such a demand for mobile phones. Infact mobile phones are wireless and handy; it works through satellites, you can carry mobile phones anywhere you like. So if you are in some trouble and need immediate help then you can contact anybody you like within a fraction of a second. Actually mobile phones are nothing but improved version of land phones.
There are various phone services. If you want to select a phone service you should keep your eyes open and mind alert because you might be fooled by service providers, because you will not know who is telling you the truth. They will try to convince you anyhow by making lots of promises so that they can sell their product, you will be astonished to find that many service providers in order to sell their products will somehow show the reputation of other companies down. Try to judge by your own wit and then select. If you do a wrong selection you are to suffer in the future.
Competition among telephone companies are so tough that if you see a phone company give you an offer, the next day you will find others providing the same offer to you. Apart from the price of the phone service you should consider the customer service also. There are some suppliers who are trying to attract customer's attention by providing low initial prices or plans. Such things are mainly seen in business spheres because they are much more eager to sell their products. But what we see i8n time that the excellence of their service are much lower in contrast to other permanent and big services.
Similar services are provided by different telephone service providers some of them are caller ID, call waiting, call forwarding etc. There are others who provide some extra characteristics such as voice mail service, call conference etc.
While other providers provide special service features, most telephone providers offer the exact same phone service as the other. These are composed of call waiting, a caller ID and call forwarding choices. These are all part of a regular package offered by many. Other business phone service providers provide call conferencing and voice mails as an extended feature.
If a service provider delays in giving proper service on time, this is not preferable, so search for service providers who take care of your needs on time. The effectiveness of a business can be achieved due to technical advancement. So it is very important for all business spheres to use a good quality phone service then only your business can reach to its height.
Author's bio: Jimy Jones's articles are extremely informative for providing you all that you want to get. To know more visit Phoneservice.org.


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Ask Broncos kicker Jason Elam - if he had his druthers - who he would like to be his holder this year. It doesn't take him long to answer.
"Jake," Elam said immediately on Wednesday. "I want Jake."
And in all probability, Elam, entering his 14th NFL season, will get his wish, with quarterback Jake Plummer holding for him on field-goal and extra-point attempts. Plummer finished last season as Elam's holder.
Elam said his preference is no reflection on potential holders Jay Cutler, Micah Knorr and Paul Ernster. The latter two are candidates to replace Todd Sauerbrun at punter for the first four games while he serves his suspension.
Elam is just looking for stability. He has had five holders - Steve Beuerlein, Knorr, Jason Baker, Sauerbrun and Plummer - since 2003. For the previous 10 seasons, Elam worked solely with punter Tom Rouen. Since Plummer took over for Sauerbrun last September, Elam has had that stability, and he loves it.
"You always want to work a good rapport with someone, and Jake and I have that," Elam said. "Plus, he's very good at holding. He's such a great athlete and he has such great eye-hand coordination. It makes him a very good holder."
Shanahan often has said the most important factor for the holder is Elam's comfort level. Shanahan said he will continue to work Cutler at the job. Cutler was the holder at Vanderbilt.
"I like Jay as a holder," Elam said.
Smith has sore hamstring
Wide receiver Rod Smith was held out the last hour of the morning session with a hamstring injury, which Shanahan said was minor. Smith may miss a few days.
"Rod is smart to know that with a hamstring, there is nothing you can do about it except rest it, and we might have to get him an extra day. Instead of being two days up, it might have to be three. I really don't know how bad it is," Shanahan said. "(Broncos trainer Steve Antonopulos) said it was just a tweak, but it could be a little more serious than that. I don't think it will be too long, knowing Rod."
Safety Sam Brandon likely will be out until Monday with a hamstring injury he suffered Saturday. Shanahan said receiver Todd Devoe (shoulder) and tight end Nate Jackson (ankle) should return by Friday. Defensive end Courtney Brown continued to sit out with a knee injury, but Shanahan said it is just a precaution.
Woods added at wideout
Denver claimed receiver Rashaun Woods off waivers Wednesday, and he is expected to be at this morning's practice, pending a physical. The Broncos waived running back Marty Johnson.
Woods, who had a hamstring injury last week and was cut Tuesday by San Diego, was taken in the 2004 draft by San Francisco with the 31st pick. He played at Oklahoma State with Tatum Bell and Darrent Williams. He will help give depth to a receiver corps that is missing Ashley Lelie, who has held out all of training camp and so far has been fined $98,000.
Plummer's pretrial hearing involving an April traffic incident is scheduled for today, but is expected to be continued. ... Rookie Elvis Dumervil was back at defensive tackle Wednesday after practicing at end Tuesday. ... Rookie tailback Mike Bell continued to work with the third team, ahead of Cedric Cobbs.
Bill Williamson can be reached at 303-820-5450 or email@example.com.


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Thanks for listening birth club. You ladies are the best.y
Leaving Baby or Child Alone with Men *possible trigger*
You've gotten some really good comments so far, I just wanted to add my two cents as well. Starting off with hugs-you went through a lot and kudos to you for wanting to protect your daughter.
I agree with everyone who says you don't need to explain to anyone in the family what your feelings are. We have a no sleepovers rule, mostly because of similar issuse that happened to DH when he was a kid-he had an uncle and an older cousin (by 3 years) do innapropriate things to him. Thus we will never allow our kids to do sleepovers unless we are there-including family. Our kids know this, and they know we have this rule to be safe. That's all we really need to explain.
When it comes to body parts, I also agree with teaching kids, starting at an early age, what's appropriate and what's not. Make sure you have these conversations in a matter of fact way-you don't want your kids to feel embarassed about it and then in turn, not feel comfortable talking to you. do some role play situations (not acting out), ie, "What would you do if someone touched you and then told you to never tell? What would you do?" Then make sure you just cultivate a relationship of openess and honesty so the child is okay talking to you. If the kids sense your shame, they may pick up on it, you know? We want to empower them to know what to do and to talk to mom or dad in the very sad situation that something does happen.
Finally, and as others have said, make it one of your parenting goals to always ensure your kids are never alone with any person you feel uncomfortable with-male or female. I rarely, RARELY leave my kids with anyone that I don't know really well, and could count on one hand when they have been left with sitters other than family. Maybe thats being a "helicopter parent", but their safety is more important to me than maybe going out on dates with DH or something like that.
These are such good things to decide now, whether or not you have been through sometime traumatic. GL!
Mom of 6, Wife of 1
Happily working from home as a teacher and university evaluator
I too went through the same thing with my mom's bf when I was younger. In the past I thought about having a daughter and what I would do. I myself don't even like to be with men alone in my adult age. I am however having a boy so I am a little less worried. I plan to talk to my son as early as he can understand about his private areas only being touched by myself, his dad or himself. I think really other than talking to them and not leaving the alone with people there isn't much you can do. I plan on praying a lot but I'm not sure of your faith etc. If you do pray I suggest you pray about this situation. Pray for peace for yourself and protection for your daughter.
C(30)+A(30)=Be Mine 2006, Mr. & Mrs. 2010
DS-Ramey-11/13 ,DD-Kerrigan 05/15
I would talk to a therapist. I think you'll need to get some professional support. I'm sure your OB or your daughter's doctor will be able to recommend one.
Me (38), DH (39), DS1 (11/07) & DS2 (7/09)
... expecting a girl 11/25/13 (We thought we were done, but God had other plans for us.)
My (former) very best friend in the world is doing 30 years in prison for molesting his own step children. I had absolutely no idea that he was capable of such a thing, so no, I don't think you are crazy for not wanting your DD around men. I am the same way with mine, especially after this. She was never alone with him, and was only about a month old when he went away. Just goes to show that you never really know anyone, and you can't take chances when it comes to the people you love!
J & A Married 2003
Ashlyn Claire - 5
Lachlyn Brooke - born Nov. 19th
I will say for us it is different for different family members. I feel 100% comfortable with my dad and brother. I know the way I was raised and I am confidant they would never do anything. But dh's family is a different story. While his dad never did anything to him, there is some yucky history with grandfather's, uncles, brothers, etc and I am just not Ok with them being alone there, my fil being present for bath time, and I am even very cautious about my self and modesty, etc. I feel sorry for my dh but we have to do what is best for our children. I think a big part of all this is trusting your gut. It is always better to be safe than sorry.
I also agree about using proper terms for private parts and making sure your children are comfortable taking with you about things. My boss ate already told that no one should be touching them and if anyone ever does to tell them no and tell us immediately. Teach her things like "games never include our privates", etc.using real names and speaking matter of factly about our bodies will keep her from ever being scared to talk to you.
Wife to Paul, love of my life
Christ loving, Babywise following, SAHM to Wyatt 6/17/09, Sterling 9/27/10, Briggs 7/28/12 & Townsend 11/8/13
We stress modesty from a young age with my DD. Only myself or her dr is allowed to see or touch her vagina. When she sleeps in our bed, she either has to wear a shirt or a sports bra. No nips exposed. We are super close and at this point she tells me everything. Prayerfully it will stay that way!
As for men, I trust the men in my family. DH, gpa's and even 2 of her uncles. One, I don't, because of his mental condition, but that's another story. Do what you feel is right for your kids...and don't answer questions if you don't want!
Wife of R - 01-04-03
Mom to K - 07-13-06 E- 10/30/13 & ^^angeltwin^^ at 6-7weeks gestation & Little D EDD 08/09/15
August 2015 GO
excitedly expecting a bundle of the girlie pursuasion November 14th, 2013!


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Health Behavior News
Ribisl to lead UNC Lineberger's Cancer Prevention and Control Program
December 13, 2012 Dr. Kurt Ribisl Kurt Ribisl, PhD, has been appointed to lead the Cancer Prevention and Control Program (CPC) at the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Ribisl, professor in the Department of Health Behavior at Gillings School of Global Public Health at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also… Read more »
Health behavior student helps produce documentary on NC state park
December 07, 2012 A three-part documentary series on North Carolina state parks, produced by journalism and public health students at UNC, aired Dec. 3-5 on UNC-TV's North Carolina Now. Dane Emmerling, health behavior master's student at Gillings School of Global Public Health, served as associate producer for one of the programs, which focused on… Read more »
Golden, Earp write health behavior Paper of the Year
November 05, 2012 Dr. Jo Anne Earp Shelley Golden Shelley Golden, MPH, and Jo Anne Earp, ScD, co-wrote an article that received the Lawrence W. Green Paper of the Year Award at the 63rd annual meeting of the Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE), held Oct. 25-27 in San Francisco. Earp, professor and former chair… Read more »
Steckler selected to present the 20th annual Hochbaum lecture
October 18, 2012 Dr. Allan Steckler Allan Steckler, DrPH, professor emeritus in the Department of Health Behavior, will present the 20th annual Godfrey M. Hochbaum Distinguished Lecture on Friday, Oct. 19. A reception will follow. The lecture was established in 1988 to honor Godfrey M. Hochbaum, PhD (1916-2000), who taught in the Department of… Read more »
Anglo-U.S. research partnership forged
October 12, 2012 The University of Cambridge and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) Gillings School of Global Public Health will pioneer collaborative research in dementia, obesity, tobacco and alcohol, and disease progression and treatment. A collaboration to transform public health has been forged between the University of Cambridge and the… Read more »
LGBT health may be compromised by underreporting of tobacco use, study finds
October 02, 2012 Research by a health behavior doctoral student at the UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health demonstrates that an influential 2011 report on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender health under-reported evidence of tobacco disparities for LGBT people compared to heterosexuals. Joseph Lee According to a new report co-authored by Joseph G.L…. Read more »
Parents think allowing children to taste alcohol discourages later use, study finds
September 28, 2012 A new study by researchers at UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health and RTI International finds a surprising number of parents believe that allowing children as young as 9 years old to take sips of alcohol at home may help curb their interest later. The study, published online in the Archives… Read more »
Maman awarded NIMH grant to expand HIV and partner violence prevention efforts in Tanzania
September 27, 2012 A new HIV prevention study led by a UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health researcher has received more than $2.6 million in funding from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), part of the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Suzanne Maman The five-year study, led by Suzanne Maman, PhD,… Read more »
Caregiver input helps asthmatic children stick to their medicine regimens
September 27, 2012 Asthmatic children do a better job of taking their medications if their caregivers are included in decision-making, according to a new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dr. Karin Yeatts Karin Yeatts, PhD, research assistant professor of epidemiology at UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, is… Read more »
NCI-funded study aims to decrease care inequities for African-Americans with cancer
September 17, 2012 A five-year national study now underway in Greensboro, N.C., and Pittsburgh attempts to determine whether technology and other tools can ensure that African-Americans being treated for breast and lung cancer receive the same level of care as their white counterparts.Earlier work by this research team has shown that more white Americans than… Read more »


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I lived in Japan for three years. I wish that I had at least once dragged my body out of bed at 3:00 a.m., taken the one hour train ride to downtown Tokyo and gone to the world famous Tsukiji Fish Market. The market dates back to the 16th century when Tokugawa, the first shogun and builder of Edo (now Tokyo) invited fisherman from Osaka in order to provide seafood to the Edo Castle. This privilege also allowed the fisherman to sell the left-overs, thus creating a market. As the new capital grew, and the population expanded, so grew the demand for fish. The market was reformed and developed into an official wholesale market licensed by the Shogunate.
If you like sushi this is the place to go. The Tsukiji market brings in over 2,500 tons of seafood each day: delicate seaweed, expensive caviar, delicate sea urchin, potentially lethal fugu, gigantic tuna. You'll also find some of the most savvy fish buyers who will drop top dollar (or yen) in seconds for the finest quality (see 60 Minutes story The King of Fish).
While you can no longer go to the market during the wee hours of the morning when the auctions occur it would still be worth the visit. Next time I'm in Japan I will make sure a visit to Tsukiji is on my itinerary.
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"This is what you call perseverance, ladies and gentlemen," greenfield said.
After graduating from Harvard, greenfield entered the world of photography with one eye on anthropology and sociology.
"What Wolf did was to remind Speaker Gingrich of the context in which those remarks were made," said greenfield.
A piece of usually semirural property that is undeveloped except for agricultural use, especially one considered as a site for expanding urban development. Compare brownfield.


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Canadian Linux Sysadmin. Debian/Ubuntu/CentOS Django Python MySQL
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I would like to offer you my deep knowledge of servers hardware and software, which allows me to fine-tune servers according to their roles, and my ability to anticipate and solve problems in shortest time possible. No Windows please, Unices only, Linux preferrable. Lately my main point of interest has shifted to deploying and maintaining web projects in cloud environments. I am developing monitoring / management tool ( http://m-script.org ) and supporting existing installations, but I am very well familiar with all well known alternatives from both monitoring and cloud management side, so no problem to implement any of them. The point is, I know very well how it works. And how it doesn't, too :) I am interested in any system administration work, especially in cloud environments. The more challenging you setup is going to be, the better. Automated scalability, cross-clouds deployments, combination of traditional and dynamically scalable resources, DNS/Geo balancing - everything is possible, just let me know your needs.
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Crysis 2 has 'best AI in gaming history'
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Join Date: Mar 2007
Posts: 1,026
Re: Crysis 2 has 'best AI in gaming history'
Are you blind (i should not ask, you are
). You do see that i'm cloaked, meaning the enemy don't know where i am, right? He successfully fires at me at first, then turns around to retreat, he hides behind the bushes and while strafing he keeps shooting at my last known location. He then again turns around to hide behind the tree.
In the second video, they suppress me (again i'm in cloak mode, meaning they can't see me) and they shoot at the vehicle, underneath it and at the wall (see the blood in 0:31?). They don't know where i am, they come slowly and firing to this spot to suppress me. Pay also attention to the second enemy when engaging
and to my radar
. You will see that there are already 3 enemies at where i am, searching for me.
There isn't any point in flanking me from that spot
, instead they attempt a small flank from the other side.
Guess though it's really hard to notice things. It's easier to "beach" about something
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im very impressed, my fps just doubled
They improved the fps, at least for me.
Now at 1920x1080(low) i can get 30~70 all the time.
I don't know why, but my fps is higher in sPvP than when i'm alone in the woods killing stuff.
Game still running like crap, FPS wise. Something that a stress test wouldn't affect mind you. Wishful thinkers always say "oh it's just beta", but release never changes that much from beta.
Ran smoothly, as usual capped at 120fps, no drops, no stutters, everything on max @ 1080p.
they have balanced cpu - gpu a bit. last stress test my GPUs were running at 100%, now they were at like 90% ish, but cpu had came up from like 40-50% to 70-80% for me
GPU: Asus DCII 2x SLI 780 @ 1228 / 6700 CPU: i2500k @ 4,7 Ghz Motherboard: P8Z68-VPRO PSU: Corsair TX 850W
CPU-Cooler: Hyper 212 EVO Ram: Corsair 2x 4gb = 8gb CL9 1600mhz
Monitor: Asus PB278Q 27inch 2560x1440 Mouse: QPAD 5K Keyboard: Corsair K65 RGB Headset: ATH-M50 SSD: Intel 520, 240gb
It's over nooooooooooo *sadface*. Everything ran amazingly though, and only had a bit of lag at some point.
arrived late :C! 1 hour is not long enough :'c!
OMG.... I had never tried WvW before.... holy ballz that's awesome. But I am going to HAVE to get a new Vidcard if I want to do it extensively. I know 1 fps is probably just the stress test, but I know my machine and I know that I probably won't get much better than that after launch. Plus, I need a new vid card anyway (using a GT 9600 atm).
This last stress test did decide it for me, I'll be rollin' a Norn Warrior. Bow/dual axes for me.
"Do not only practice your art, but force yourself into its secrets, for it and knowledge can raise men to the divine." -- Ludwig Van Beethoven
If only every hour went by that fast until release.
Framerate improved slightly, maybe by 2 or 3.


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In 2008, average U.S household income was about $71,500, while the median -- or the point at which half of incomes are higher and half are lower -- was $52,000. The average skews higher than the median because of a few very high incomes, Deaton explained.
While people with household incomes of more than $75,000 probably won't feel an enduring happiness boost if they are able to earn more, losing substantial income would likely not be good for their emotional well being, the study suggested. As income dropped, respondents reported declining happiness and increased sadness and stress.
And,according to the study, poverty exacerbated the emotional impact of negative life events such as illness and divorce. Nor did the poor get as much of a happiness boost from weekends as those who were better-off, according to the researchers.
"Life is unfair for the poor in all sort of dimensions," Deaton said.
More information
The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has more information on anxiety and other mental health conditions.
SOURCES: Angus Deaton, Ph.D., professor, economics and international affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.; James Maddux, Ph.D., professor, psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Va.; PNAS. Sept. 6, 2010.
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text: Vice President Joe Biden administers the Senate Oath to Sen. Ted Cruz, R-Texas, accompanied by his wife Heidi Nelson, and daughters Caroline and Catherine, right. during a mock swearing in ceremony on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 3, 2013, as the 113th Congress officially began. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)