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You can now invite anyone to meet at your favorite Starbucks.
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41 year old man | Santa Monica, CA, USA | Seeking women 25-40 within 25 miles
The Secret to Having Fun and Laughing So Hard it Hurts
I feel naked. I had very long hair and I cut it all off. Now, I only have a few pictures to put up here. At least you know what I really look like at this moment. It doesn't matter if my hair is long or short. I'm way better than the tools you normally date. What makes me better? Well, first off, no back or shoulder hair. I've got a ManGroomer. Second, I read a lot of Judy Blume as a kid so I know what it's like to be a teenage girl. Can you say empathy? If you haven't laughed by now, don't bother contacting me. I don't get much funnier that that. I'm not the best looking member of my family. That would be my little brother. He's adopted. Still, I'm pretty hot, and way more articulate than my little brother who sounds like he has a mouth full of marbles and CP. Let's celebrate every day, eat sushi, and watch movies/TV. Sound good?
Alumni connections , Coffee and conversation , Dining out , Fishing/Hunting , Hobbies and crafts , Movies/Videos , Museums and art , Music and concerts , Exploring new areas , Performing arts , Playing cards , Political interests , Travel/Sightseeing , Video games , Wine tasting
Baseball, Billiards / Pool, Bowling, Martial arts, Other types of exercise, Tennis / Racquet sports, Weights / Machines
I exercise 3-4 times per week.
I have Gerbils / Guinea Pigs / Etc.
I like Reptiles
I'm allergic to cats. I like pets but they're a pain when you want to go out of town. I'd prefer you don't have any but it's not a big deal either way.
I like bars on the Westside and I hate clubs. I'm a member of The Magic Castle and I love hanging there. However, nothing in the world is better than Las Vegas!
University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
I love The Beat Generation, South Park, Hedwig And The Angry Inch, Indian food, and too many other books, movies, and music to name.
I love movies, poker, bowling, pool, video games, and more movies!
Outliers, Tipping Point, Life
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|5'11" (180cms)
|3'0" (91cms) to 5'6" (167cms)
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|Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Green, Hazel
|Dark brown
|Auburn / Red, Black, Light brown, Dark brown, Blonde, Dark blonde, Platinum
|No Way
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|Artistic / Creative / Performance
|Administrative / Secretarial, Artistic / Creative / Performance, Executive / Management, Financial / Accounting / Real Estate, Labor / Construction, Legal, Medical / Dental / Veterinary / Fitness, Political / Govt / Civil Service / Military, Retail / Food services, Retired, Self-Employed / Entrepreneur, Student, Education / Teacher / Professor, Technical / Science / Computers / Engineering, Travel / Hospitality / Transportation, Other profession, Nonprofit / Volunteer / Activist, Fashion / Model / Beauty, Architecture / Interior design
I'm a professional comedian/magician specializing in private parties and corporate events.
|Less Than $25,000, $25,001 to $35,000, $35,001 to $50,000, $50,001 to $75,000, $75,001 to $100,000, $100,001 to $150,000, $150,001+
|Never Married
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|White / Caucasian
|Asian, Black / African descent, East Indian, Latino / Hispanic, Middle Eastern, Native American, Pacific Islander, White / Caucasian, Other
|Agnostic, Atheist, Buddhist / Taoist, Spiritual but not religious
|Bachelors degree
|High school, Some college, Associates degree, Bachelors degree, Graduate degree, PhD / Post Doctoral
I graduated from the University of Central Florida in 1996 with a BA in Communications.


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Camps accepting new applicationsFebruary 04,2013
Conservation Camps
taking applications
WOODBURY The Green Mountain Conservation Camps are accepting applications for children 12 to 14 years old.
The one-week camp program, sponsored by the Vermont Department of Fish & Wildlife, is held at Buck Lake in Woodbury and Lake Bomoseen in Castleton, where children learn about Vermonts wildlife and gain outdoor skills.
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Campers participate in hands-on learning experiences about fish and wildlife conservation, ecology, forestry, orienteering, safe gun and archery techniques, swimming, canoeing, fishing and more in an outdoor setting.
Conservation Camps open June 17 and continue until Aug. 17. Those interested are encouraged to visit www.vtfishandwildlife.com.
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Prepare for takeoff - nonstop to Austin
ExpressJet Holdings plans a direct route starting on April 30
A new Houston-based airline once owned by Continental Airlines Inc. is planning direct flights from Corpus Christi to Austin beginning April 30.
ExpressJet Holdings Inc. is expected to provide service to about 24 cities using 50-seat jets. The company's Web site shows a route from Corpus Christi to Austin starting April 30. Calls to company officials were not returned Thursday.
Airport spokeswoman Amy Gazin and Jerry Kane, chairman of the airport board, wouldn't confirm the flight, but offered an invitation to a news conference at 10:30 a.m. Monday at the Corpus Christi International Airport.
The Wall Street Journal reported earlier this week that ExpressJet is pursuing markets big enough to fill the planes but not big enough to attract major competition.
The company Web site shows eight flights from San Antonio - to Albuquerque, N.M.; New Orleans; Oklahoma City; Ontario, Calif.; Raleigh-Durham, N.C.; Sacramento, Calif.; Tucson, Ariz.; and Tulsa, Okla.
ExpressJet will launch with 44 jets,
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text: > View Product Details Please select the size of the product. Please enter valid quantity. Fendi strawberry crosshatched leather logo buckle flats overview details Retail: $490.00 Reduced: $352.99 20% Off : $282.39 color : We're sorry. This style is sold out. Strawberry For timeless classics and cutting edge styles, explore the best of both worlds with Italian luxury fashion house, Fendi. Color: Strawberry Textured crosshatched leather upper Round toe Brushed goldtone enameled FF cutout buckle and strap across toe Lightly cushioned insole Leather lined Rubber sole �" rubber heel All measurements are approximate Leather / Rubber; Italy; style#318577101


text:
A method and apparatus is provided which addresses the drawbacks of the prior art and which incorporates two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared imaging device which simultaneously capture images of the passing objects. The background information is removed and images of the objects remain. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions. The processed images provided by the mid-infrared camera are subtracted from the images provided by the near-infrared camera to produce an image of just defects which are analyzed to produce the separation or sorting control signals based on defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions (driver commands) to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects, or to sort or categorize objects based on the amount, type, size, or character of the defects. At least a portion of the exterior surface of each item or object to be inspected must be raised by about 5-15° C. or more so that the cameras can provide an image of a difference in temperature between outer smooth healthy surface and the cavity at the stem-end, the stem, and calyx of an apple or a similar depression, cavity, protrusion, or the like in another object or item. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, heated brush rollers are used to quickly heat the exterior of apples passing along a conveyor to provide the necessary change in temperature to allow the cameras to provide an image of defects, stem-end, stem, and/or calyx.
1. A method for detecting defects in objects or items, comprising the steps of:
capturing images of the passing objects using two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared;
removing the background information from the images of the objects;
subjecting the object images to a spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform to preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions;
subtracting the processed images provided by said mid-infrared device from the processed images provided by said near-infrared device to produce an image of just defects; and,
analyzing the defect image to produce separation or sorting control signals based upon defect rejection decisions and user parameters to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects or to sort or categorize objects based on the amount, type, size or character of the defects.
2. The method as recited in
3. The method as recited in
Priority is claimed to and this application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. provisional patent application Serial No. 60/092,312, filed Jul. 9, 1998, and is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/046,454, filed Mar. 23, 1998, abandoned, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/046,270, filed Mar. 23, 1998, U.S. Pat. No. 6,271,520.
This application may be subject to license rights of the U.S. Government and in particular the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).
The present invention is directed to a defect inspection system and, more particularly, high speed defect detection utilizing near and mid-infrared imaging, high speed image processing, comparison and contrast, processed image evaluation and characterization, and the development of control signals for sorting or separating objects or items based on the defect determination. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of near and mid-infrared imaging for fruit defect inspection and fruit stem-end and calyx identification.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,339,963 and 5,533,628 each issued to Yang Tao and assigned to Agri-Tech, Inc., are each hereby incorporated by reference, and describe methods and apparatus for sorting objects by color, and in particular are directed to the sorting of apples. The color sorting apparatus has a singulator section, a color sorter, and a conveyor which drops the sorted objects into appropriate collection bins. The objects for sorting are transported on an endless conveyor through the singulation and color sorting section. An independently adjustable speed belt rotates in the same direction as the wheels and operates to provide a view of each of the four sides of the object to an imaging device such as a camera which supplies red, green and blue signals to an image processor which performs a color transformation and obtains a single composite hue value for each object or piece of fruit to be sorted. Based on a comparison of the hue value to the user program grading criteria, signals are provided to the conveyor so that the objects are ultimately deposited in the appropriate sorting bins.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,732,147, issued to Yang Tao and assigned to Agri-Tech, Inc., is hereby incorporated by reference and describes an image processing system using cameras and image processing techniques to identify undesirable objects on roller conveyor lines. The cameras above the conveyor capture images of the passing objects (such as apples). The roller background information is removed and images of the objects remain. To analyze each individual object accurately, the adjacent objects are isolated and small noisy residue fragments are removed. A spherical optical transformation and a defect preservation transformation preserve any defect levels on objects even below the roller background and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions. Defect segments are then extracted from the resulting transformed images. The size, level and pattern of the defect segments indicate the degree of defects in the object. The extracted features are fed into a recognition process in a decision-making system for grade rejection decisions. The locations and coordinates of the defects generated by defect allocation function are combined with defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions such as to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects.
Conventional attempts at using laser scanning and reflectance to detect line shifts or changes in height of the object in order to attempt to detect defects in fruit or other objects have not been successful and are not accurate due to the inability to provide the same orientation of each object, changes in size and shape between individual pieces or items of fruit, and the like.
Still further, it has been difficult to differentiate between true defects such as bruises, limb rub, bulls-eyes, fungus such as black net, blemishes, cuts, injuries, stem punches, cracks, worm holes, insect damage, disease damage, color defects, Russet and the like from the fruit stem-end, stem, calyx, or blossom. Hence, there is a need for an improved method and apparatus for defect detection, fruit, such as apple, defect detection as compared to detection of the stem-end, stem, and/or calyx identification, defects in smooth surfaces, and/or defect detection and object or item sorting or separation based thereon.
In accordance with the present invention, a method and apparatus is provided which addresses the drawbacks of the prior art and which incorporates two separate imaging devices, one near-infrared and one mid-infrared imaging device which simultaneously capture images of the passing objects or items. The background information is removed and images of the objects remain. A spherical optical transform and a defect preservation transform preserve any defect levels on objects and compensate for the non-lambertian gradient reflectants on spherical objects at their curvatures and dimensions.
The mid-infrared or middle infrared camera is used at about 3-5 microns or 8-12 microns to provide an image of the stem-end, stems, and/or calyx but is insensitive to true defects. Near-infrared at about 700-1000 nanometers (nn) is used to provide an image of stem-end, stems, calyx, and defects.
In accordance with the present invention, the processed images provided by the mid-infrared camera are subtracted from the images provided by the near-infrared camera to produce an image of just defects which are analyzed to produce the item or object separation or sorting control signals based on defect rejection decisions and user parameters to signal appropriate mechanical actions (driver commands) to separate objects with defects from those that do not contain defects, or to sort or categorize objects based on the amount, type, size, or character of the defects.
In accordance with the present invention, a complete defect detection system for sorting, separating, or grading apples can be constructed for about $100,000.00 or less. In as much as the present invention is based on the use of infrared imaging devices, such as cameras, the temperature of at least a portion of the exterior surface of each item or object to be inspected must be raised by about 5-15° C. or more so that the cameras can provide an image of a difference in temperature between outer smooth surface and the cavity at the stem-end, the stem, and calyx of an apple or a similar depression, cavity, protrusion, or the like in another object or item. In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, heated brush rollers are used to quickly heat the exterior of apples passing along a conveyor to provide the necessary change in temperature to allow the cameras to provide an image of defects, stem-end, stem, and/or calyx.
Although the present invention is especially adapted for use in inspecting and detecting defects in items or objects, such as apples and other fruits and vegetables such as pears, tomatoes, peaches, apricots, and other stone or pit foods having stem ends, stems, blossom ends, calyx, or the like, the present invention also finds applicability in inspecting and detecting defects in other items or objects, such as manufactured parts such as cups, dishes, balls, golf balls, bearings, molded plastic items, and the like having smooth surfaces, pits, posts, or the like.
The present invention provides a system which is effective, fast, has high resolution, and which has a greater accuracy and discrimination rate than prior art devices or systems.
The principal object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for the detection and discrimination of defects in items or objects such as apples.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for sorting items or objects based on the character, number, type or aggregation of defects.
A still further object of the present invention is the provision of a method and apparatus for discriminating between stem-end, stems, and calyx as compared to true defects.
Other objects and further scope of the applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description to follow, taken in conjunction with accompanying drawings wherein like parts are designated by like reference numerals.
FIGS. 1-8, 15, 23, 24, 25, and 28 are photographic representations or illustrations.
FIGS. 9-12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 20, 21, 26, 27, and 30 are schematic diagrams.
FIGS. 16, 19, 22, 29, 31, and 32 are graphical representations or illustrations.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided a method and apparatus utilizing simultaneous mid and near-infrared imaging to detect true defects on items or objects such as fruits and vegetables. The present invention solves the difficult problem that scientists and engineers have been having for more than twenty years of not being able to separate the images of stem-end, stem, and calyx from defects in fruit. In accordance with the present invention, one is able to easily discriminate between true defects and the stem-end, stem and calyx and is also able to accurately inspect both large and small defects.
Since stem-end, stem and calyx appear similar to true defects in images produced by imaging devices such as infrared cameras, they have in the past created tremendous confusion. The near-infrared (NIR) range from about 750 nanometers to 1200 nanometers (nm) is sensitive to defects on fruit. However, near-infrared cameras also pick up stem-end, stem and calyx. Separation of true defects from stem-end, stem, and/or calyx using only near-infrared is very difficult.
In accordance with the present invention, by using mid-infrared or middle infrared (MIR) in the 3 to 12 um range (micrometer or micron range with the exception of the 5 to 8 um range which is sensitive to hot air) which is insensitive to defects but sensitive to stems, stem-end and calyx, one is able to subtract the mid-infrared camera image from the near-infrared image (NIR-MIR) and obtain an image of only true defects.
Further, since most fruit is stored in controlled atmosphere storage (CA) where the temperature is controlled at about 4° C. typically for fruit like apples, heated brushes such as roller brushes or other types of brushes or rollers which can be heated by hot air, steam, liquid, or other sources such as hot fluid, hot air, heat lamps, or the like, are used to heat the fruit surface sufficiently to provide a change in temperature between the exterior smooth outer surface of the fruit and the stem-end cavity, the calyx, rot, bruise, limb rub, bulls-eyes, fungi such as black net, blemishes, cuts, injuries, stem punches, cracks, worm holes, insect damage, disease damage, color defects such as Russet, and the like which allow the mid-infrared camera to detect stem-end, stems, and calyx and allow the near-infrared camera to detect stem-end, stem, calyx, and true defects. Although heated brushes are preferred to speed up the process of increasing the temperature of the outer smooth surface of the fruit or other item or object being inspected, exposure to room temperature also enhances the change in temperature or delta-T between the cavities, pits, cracks, stem-end, calyx, stem, and the like with respect to the temperature of the smooth healthy outer surface of the fruit.
The present invention is useful in item or object defect detection and/or determination, especially fruit defect detection, defected fruit sorting, separating, and/or grading, stem-end or calyx identification, cavity spot identification, object detect or deformation identification, and the like.
The present invention is also easily retrofitted to existing or conventional fruit processing and/or packing systems or apparatus. As described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,339,963, 5,533,628, and 5,732,147, herein incorporated by reference, although some aspects of the fruit packing process are already automated, much of it is still left to manual laborers. The automated equipment that is currently available is generally limited to conveyor systems and systems for measuring the color, size, and weight of apples.
A system manufactured by Agri-Tech, Inc. of Woodstock, Va. automates certain aspects of the apple packing process. At a first point in the packing system, apples are floated in large cleaning tanks. The apples are then elevated out of the tank by conveyors onto an inspection table. Workers alongside the table inspect the apples and eliminate any unwanted defective apples and other foreign material such as leaves, stems, and the like. The remaining apples are then fed on conveyors to cleaning, waxing and drying equipment. After being dried, the apples are sorted according to color, size, and shape and then packaged according to the sort.
As described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,732,147, the inspection process, a key step in the apple packing process, is still conventionally done by hand. Along the apple conveyors in the early cleaning process, workers are positioned to visually inspect the passing apples and remove the apples with defects such as apples with rot, apples that are injured, diseased, or seriously bruised, and other defective apples as well as foreign materials. These undesirable objects especially rotted and diseased apples, must be removed in the early stage (before coating) to prevent contamination of good fruit and reduce cost and successive processing. This manual apple inspection process is labor intensive, difficult, fatiguing, and subject to human error which allows misinspected apples to pass through the line.
Further, apples are graded in part according to the amount and extent of defects. In Washington state, for example, apples with defects are used for processing and to make into applesauce or juice. These apples usually cost less than apples with no defects or only a few defects. Apples that are not used for processing, known as fresh market apples, are also graded on the size of any defects and also on the number of defects.
In accordance with the present invention, an item or object defect identification, inspection, sorting, grading, and separation system is provided which automates the conventional manual inspection process. Further, the present infrared camera system can replace conventional laser inspection and defect detection systems which are more costly, subject to error, and difficult to implement with certain items such as fruit and the like which have irregular contours, shapes, features, and the like. The present method and apparatus does not require that each item or object be oriented similarly to provide for defect detection, inspection, and object grading, sorting, or separation.
Still further, the present invention incorporates patented or state of the art image transformation or processing which transforms a curved or spherical image to a flat image for image discrimination, comparison, subtraction, and the like. As described in an article entitled "Spherical Transform of Fruit Images for On-line Defect Extraction of Mass Objects" in Optical Engineering Vol. 35, No. 2, pgs. 344-350, February, 1996, produced by the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, and hereby incorporated by reference, Yang Tao describes spherical transform methods developed to solve the problem of detecting defects on spherical curved objects which are difficult to identify because of the object image boundary effect and successfully applies this transform to an automated defect sorter. The spherical transform is obtained by compensating the intensity gradiance on curved objects. Defects below the background level are extracted through a preservation transform. The defect extraction is enabled by a uniformly distributed plain image through 2-step transformations and the defect position is determined by allocation process. The results show the effectiveness of the processing methods for the high-speed on-line defect identification on fruit packing lines.
In accordance with the present invention, infrared camera color images (all gray level red/green) are converted to black and white images which are then compared and contrasted to one another to subtract out the nondefects such as stem-end, stem, and calyx to leave only true defects. As shown in FIGS. 1-4 of the drawings, simultaneous mid-infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) images are taken of items or objects such as apples, processed, and then compared to determine if true defects exist. FIG. 1A is a photographic representation of an MIR color image of stem-ends, stems and calyx on apples lying on a conveyor in different orientations. The background image has been eliminated. FIG. 1C is a black and white processed image of FIG. 1A. FIG. 1B is a color NIR image depicting stems, stem-ends, calyx and defects. FIG. 1D is a black and white processed image of FIG. 1B. In accordance with the present invention, FIGS. 1C and 1D are processed, compared, contrasted, the stems, stem-end and calyx of FIG. 1C are subtracted from the image of FIG. 1D and there is left the true defects image which is processed and used to sort, grade, or separate the apples.
Similarly, FIG. 2A is a color MIR image and FIG. 2C is a black and white processed image from FIG. 2A. FIG. 2B is a color NIR image while FIG. 2D is a black and white processed image of FIG. 2B. Again, FIG. 2C is subtracted from FIG. 2D processed, and the like to determine true defects and which apples are sorted or separated.
FIGS. 3 and 4 highlight the stem end and calyx respectively of a single apple. FIG. 3A is a color NIR image and FIG. 3C is a black and white processed image of FIG. 3A. FIG. 3B is a color MIR image and FIG. 3D is a processed black and white image of FIG. 3B. FIG. 4A is an MIR image and FIG. 4C is a black and white processed image of FIG. 4A. FIG. 4B is a color NIR image and FIG. 4D is a black and white processed image of FIG. 4B.
FIGS. 5-8 are color photographic representations of different apple orientations on a roller conveyor as well as different true defects and provide a visual appreciation of the difficulty in comparing and contrasting true defects to stems, stem-end, and calyx of an apple or other fruit or vegetable.
FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of a true defect identification and discrimination unit 10 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and including as system hardware a roller conveyor 12 supporting a plurality of apples 14, a light box 16 housing and plurality of lights 18, an NIR camera 20, an MIR camera 22, a digital image processing system or processor 24, an image monitor 26, a host CPU (486 computer) 28, a computer monitor or VGA 30, a computer keyboard 32, signal controls 34, driver controls 36, and a driver, separator, grader, sorter, bin drop control, or the like 38.
FIG. 10 is a schematic component and process flow diagram showing the processing of each camera image generally designated 50 and shown to include a camera which produces an analog image 52, an A/D analog to digital converter 54, an LUT 56, image ram 58, RAMDAL 60, and image monitor 26. The image ram receives and provides signals to a LUTS 66, processor 24, and processor 24. The processor 24 receives and provides signals to a FIFO 68 and a computer bus 70 which receives and provides signals to host computer 28.
With reference to FIG. 11 there is shown a schematic diagram of the overall procedure or process wherein the images from the cameras 20 and 22 are captured and then the NIR image is processed to remove background, for a spherical transform, defect segment extraction, and the like prior to image comparison. The MIR image from camera 22 has the background removed, spherical transform, is rescaled to provide a common aspect ratio between the cameras and images, and then stem, calyx and defect segmentation and extraction and the like prior to logical comparison. The processed NIR and MIR images are logically compared to exclude stem-end, stem and calyx and then the remaining defects are classified, categorized, and quantified using a rule base system as well as user parameters to provide a control signal for sorting, grading, separating, and the like items or objects such as apples based on the amount, type, quantity, and character of the detected defects.
As shown in FIG. 12 a schematic overall operation or item packing system is shown wherein the NIR and MIR cameras and defect detection and discrimination system of the present invention is incorporated along the pack line either just downstream of the cleaning tank and blow dry, in the area of the dewax or clean, just upstream of wax application, or just downstream of the dryer. It is preferred to place the NIR/MIR defect inspection and sort system of the present invention as far upstream as possible so that rejected or sorted items are removed prior to additional processing and thereby reducing cost, increasing line capacity, and the like. Since the defect inspection and sorting system of the present invention relies on a change in temperature to provide a better discrimination of true defects from stem-end, stems, and calyx, it is preferred to use it just downstream of a heating sequence, a heating blow dry, in association with heated rollers or brushes, or downstream of the dryer.
In accordance with the present invention, the particular grader, sorter, separator, or the like, is not limited but it includes kickers, drop bins, pushers, gates, robotic arms, and/or the like.
One of the persistent problems involved in the technology of automated machine vision apple defect sorting lies in the discrimination between true defects and the stem-end/calyx of fruit. To solve this problem, a novel method was developed which incorporates a near-infrared (NIR) camera and a mid-infrared (MIR) camera for simultaneous imaging of the fruit being inspected. The NIR camera is sensitive to both the stem-end/calyx and true defects; while the MIR camera is only sensitive to the stem-end and calyx. True defects can be quickly and reliably extracted by logical comparison between the processed NIR and MIR images. A 98.86% recognition rate for stem-ends and a 99.34% recognition rate for calyxes were achieved using a dual-camera NIR/MIR machine vision defect sorting system.
Keywords: machine vision; infrared; imaging; defect; stem-end; calyx; inspection; fruit.
Fruit such as apples are sorted and graded according to color, shape, and size of the fruit, as well as the amount of defects on each apple. The currently available commercial apple sorting equipment is generally limited to systems for measuring the color, shape, and size of fruit (Tao, 1998). So far there is no method or system that is effective for automated recognition and sorting of apple defects. Although considerable effort has been made in the field of automated machine vision inspection of fruit defects (Graf, 1982; Throop and Aneshansley, 1993; Tao, 1996), one of the difficult problems remains for a long time. This persistent problem is how to distinguish the stem-end (stem cavity) and calyx (bloom bottom) from true defects such as bruises, rots, and limb rubs. During a machine vision inspection process, once the stem-end or calyx appears in the field of view of the imaging camera, they could be mistakenly identified as defects, because they are similar to true defective spots in the image. Therefore, there is a need for an effective method and system for on-line recognition and separation of apple defects and stem-end/calyx.
To solve the persistent problem of being unable to distinguish the true defects from stem-ends/calyxes in fruit images, three approaches were proposed. The first one is to develop a mechanical device such as a system rollers and half-wheels which would be able to orient the apples to avoid the stem-ends and calyxes being observed by the camera. If fruit could be oriented by a mechanical system so that their axis of rotation passes through the stem-end and calyx, it would be an ideal mean to the system design and it would make image processing tasks much easier. However, the difference between apple height and width, fruit shape, size, stem-end stiffness and length, and surface curvature appear to play a role in apple orientation. To date, there is no device on the market that will automatically orient 100% of apples. A mechanical apparatus developed by Sarker and Wolfe (1985) was used for aligning tomatoes along the stem-calyx axis, but it can not be used for orient apples. Tennes et al. (1969, 1970) investigated several mechanical principles for separating cherries without stems from those with attached stems. Their methods would not be suitable for other fruit which are more susceptible to bruising or have shorter stems. Troop et al. (1997) tested a commercial bicone roller conveyor for move orient apples. Only approximately 60% of the fruit could be successfully oriented for some apple cultivars.
The second approach uses image processing techniques to detect fruit stem-end and calyx whenever they appear in the camera's field of view. Wolf and Sandler (1984) developed a stem detection algorithm based on a syntactic analysis of fruit contours in images. Miller and Delwiche (1989) used the variance of image gradient directions within a segmented area to identify concave surfaces around fruit stems. The reported classification error for identifying the stem-end of a peach as a defect was about 30%. The high rejection rate and the time-consuming calculation would not make this method feasible for commercial application.
The third approach is based on 3D reconstruction techniques, especially the structured light range imaging; to detect the surface geometry of the fruit. Yang (1993) used structured lighting to detect stem-end and calyx. His method combined the results from the damage detection algorithm with the information obtained from the changes in slope of the structured light projections. Crowe and Delwiche (1996a, b) also tried to detect stem-end and calyx using structured illumination. U.S. Pat. No. 5,526,119 to Blit et al. (1996) discloses a fruit inspection method including a stem/calyx identifier to find the locations of the stem and calyx. Locations are identified as putative stem or calyx locations if the curvature of the grid lighting lines, superimposed on those locations, changes relatively sharply thereat. Use of the structured lighting technique has some obstacles for implementation in automated inspection. The major problem with structured lighting is the misclassification of the laser lines on the image. This leads to an erroneous interpretation of the scene. Due to the randomness of the running fruit, it is very difficult to detect the deformations of the lighting patterns on the fruit surface and get anomalous image patterns analyzed, especially when scanning multiple apples in the viewing area.
The object of this research was to develop a new near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) synergetic machine vision method and system for automatic fruit defect inspection. More particularly, the present research aims at solving the persistent difficulty in distinguishing stem-ends/calyxes from true defects in apples.
Method and System
1. Method
The difference in light reflectance of object surfaces provides useful information for using machine vision to distinguish the defective and good apples. Test showed that the reflectance in the NIR range between 700 nm and 2000 nm is less for bruised areas than unbruised areas on apples (Brown et al., 1974). Usually CCD cameras with optical filters as attachments are employed in machine vision defect inspection systems. The effective wavelengths of such vision systems are generally limited to an NIR range between 700 nm and 1000 nm. However, the NIR range from 700 nm to 1000 nm is sensitive not only to defects but also to the stem-end and calyx on fruit. Separation of true defects from the stem-end and calyx using only NIR camera (i.e. CCD camera attached with a selected optical filter) is very difficult.
To solve this problem, two imaging devices (an NIR camera and an MIR camera) are incorporated. The NIR camera at 700 nm to 1000 nm wavelength range is used to provide an image of stem-ends, calyxes, and defects in apples. The MIR camera at 3 μm to 5 μm or 8 μm to 12 μm is insensitive to true defects and is used to provide an image of only stem-ends and calyxes. The 5 μm to 8 μm spectral range is avoided because it is sensitive to hot air. Thus, an image of only true defects can be obtained by subtracting the MIR image from the NIR image. The image of only true defects are then analyzed to generate the separation or sorting signals using a rule-based system as well as user parameters.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the overall inspection procedure wherein the NIR and MIR images from the cameras are first captured. Both the NIR and the MIR images are processed prior to image comparison. First, the background of the NIR image is removed. Then an adaptive spherical optical transform (Wen and Tao, 1997) is applied to convert the curved NIR object image (due to the boundary light reflectance effect of substantially spherical objects) into a flat image. The adaptive spherical transform also provides sufficient flexibility to cope with the natural variations in brightness and size among the fruit. Finally, an image which contains both stem-ends/calyxes and various defect segments is obtained after the defective segment extraction stage using a global thresholding. On the other hand, the MIR image has the background removed, is re-scaled to provide a common aspect ratio between the cameras and images. Then an image of stem-ends/calyxes is obtained through stem/calyx extraction operation. The modification to the obtained stem-end/calyx image is made to fill the holes and eliminate the noises in the stem-end/calyx areas. The processed NIR and MIR images are compared to exclude stem-ends and calyxes. The remaining defects are classified and quantified using a rule-based system as well as user parameters to provide control signals for sorting, grading, and separating the objects, such as apples, based on the amount, type, quantity, and character of the defects.
2. System
FIG. 14 is a schematic representation of the whole system. It consists of both NIR and an MIR cameras for fruit imaging, a lighting chamber for providing uniform illumination on the field of view, a roller conveyor for supporting and moving apples, a digital image processor, an optical encoder for providing the timing signal for on-line mechanical and electronic synchronization, and a host computer. The apparatus has a capability of inspecting 3000 apples per minute.
Test Results
Test samples of both good and defective 'Red Delicious' apples were obtained from a commercial apples packing plant. A total of 400 apples (220 good apples and 180 defective apples) were selected for testing. The defects on samples included bruises, limb rubs, bull's eyes, rots, cuts, worm holes, scars, and black spots. Samples were refrigerated at about 4° C. until the test. The orientations of the test samples on conveyor were randomly selected by hand. A total of 176 stem-ends and 152 calyxes appeared in the filed of view of camera and required to be distinguished from true defects during the test.
FIG. 15 photographically shows how true defects can be obtained from NIR and MIR images taken simultaneously of apples. FIG. 15(a) is an MIR image, with background removed, of four apples lying on a conveyor. The apples are so oriented that the stem-end of the top-left apple and the calyx of the bottom-right apple appear in the camera's field of view. Remember that the two apples in the left column are good, the top-right apple is bruised, and the bottom-right apple has a scar defect on it. FIG. 15(b) is the extracted stem-end/calyx image from a re-scaled image of FIG. 15(a). FIG. 15(c) is the modified stem-end/calyx image of FIG. 15(b), where the holes and the noise in stem-end/calyx areas have been removed. FIG. 15(d) is an NIR image of the same apples, in which the stem-end, calyx, and defects are depicted by yellow pixels. FIG. 15(e) is a processed image through defect segment extraction, in which both defects and stem-end/calyx are detected. FIG. 15(c) and 3(e) are compared, resulting in FIG. 15(f) in which the stem-end and calyx are excluded and only true defects are obtained for further processing, sorting, and grading of apples.
The total recognition rates for stem-ends and calyxes were shown in FIG. 16. Near 100% recognition rates (98.86% for stem-ends and 99.34% for calyxes) were achieved, which were much higher than those obtained by other methods using mechanical devices, imagine processing, and/or laser structured lighting. When the stem-end (or calyx) appeared at the edge of an apple image, mis-recognition could sometimes happened. FIG. 16 also gave the recognition rates for good and defective samples. All good apples were correctly recognized as good. The recognition rate for defective apples was 96.67%.
A dual-camera NIR/MIR imaging method was successfully developed for apple defect recognition and stem-end/calyx identification. The NIR camera at the 700 nm to 100 nm range is sensitive to both stem-ends/calyxes and true defects; while the MIR camera at the 3 μm to 5 μm (or 8 μm to 12 μm ) range is only sensitive to stem-ends and calyxes. An NIR image containing stem-ends/calyxes and defective segments is obtained using an adaptive spherical transform technique. Meanwhile, an MIR image of the stem-ends and calyxes is generated from the original MIR image. Then, true defects can be quickly and reliably extracted by logical comparison of the processed NIR and MIR images. Therefore, the method presented herein effectively solves the problem that scientists and engineers have been having for many years of being unable to separate stem-ends/calyxes from true defects in apple defect sorting. This technique can also be applied to inspection of other fruits with stem-end and calyx, such as peaches, pears, and tomatoes.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support from the U.S. Department of Agricultural (USDA) SBIR program and Agri-Tech, Inc.
Blit, S., E. Bartfeld, I. Pais, Y. Eilam; E. Vallach, H. Bezdin, I. Laron, D. Katzin, A. Reichart, and J. Samekh. 1996. Apparatus & method for inspecting articles such as agricultural produce. U.S. Pat. No. 5,526,119.
Brown, G. K., L. J. Segerlind, and R. Summit. 1974. Near-infrared reflactance of bruised apples. Trans. of the ASAE 17(1):17-19.
Crowe, T. G. and M. J. Delwiche. 1996a. Real-time defect detection in fruit-Part I: Design concepts and development of prototype hardware. Trans. of the ASAE 39(6):2299-2308.
Crowe, T. G. and M. J. Delwiche. 1996b. Real-time defect detection in fruit-Part II: An algorithm and performance of a prototype system. Trans. of the ASAE 39(6):2309-2317.
Graf, G. L. 1982. Automatic detection of surface blemishes on apples using digital image processing. Ph.D. thesis. Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Miller, B. K. and M. J. Delwiche. 1989. A color vision system for peach grading. Trans. of the ASAE 32(4):1484-1490.
Miller, B. K. and M. J. Delwiche. 1991a. Spectral analysis of peach surface defects. Trans. of the ASAE 34(6):2509-2515.
Miller, B. K. and M. J. Delwiche. 1991b. Peach defect detection with machine vision. Trans. of the ASAE 34(6):2588-2597.
Pen, C. L., W. K. Bilanski, and D. R. Fuzzen. 1985. Classification analysis of good and bruised peeled apple tissue using optical reflectance. Trans. of the ASAE 18(1):326-330.
Rehkugler, G. E. and J. A. Throop. 1986. Apple sorting with machine vision. Trans. of the ASAE 29(5):1388-1397.
Rehkugler, G. E. and J. A.Throop. 1989. Image processing algorithm for apple defect detection. Trans. of the ASAE 32(1):267-272.
Sarker, N. and R. R. Wolfe. 1985. Computer vision based system for quality separation of fresh market tomatoes. Trans. of the ASAE 28:1714-1718.
Stiefvater T. L. 1970. Investigation of an optical apple bruise detection technique. M.S. These, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Tao, Y. 1996. Spherical transform of fruit images for on-line defect extraction of mass objects. Opt. Eng. 35(2):344-350.
Tao, Y. 1998. Defective object inspection and separation system using image analysis and curvature transformation. U.S. Pat. No. 5,732,147.
Tennes, B. R., J. H. Levin, and C. M. Hansen. 1970. A machine for separating cherries without stems from those with attached stems. Trans. of the ASAE 13(5):539-546.
Tennes, B. R., J. H. Levin, and B. A. Stout. 1969. Sweet cherry properties useful for designing harvesting and handling equipment. Trans. of the ASAE 12(5):710-714.
Throop, J. A. and D. J. Aneshansley. 1993. Investigation of texture analysis features to apple bruises. ASAE Paper No. 933527. St. Joseph, Mich.:ASAE.
Throop, J. A., D. J. Aneshansley, and B. L. Upchurch. 1997. Apple orientation on automatic sorting equipment. Proc. Sensors for Nondestructive Testing:328-342. Orlando, Fla.
Upchurch, B. L., H. A. Affeldt, W. R. Hruschka, K. H. Norris, and J. A. Throop. 1990. Spectrophotometric study of bruises on whole, 'Red Delicious' apples. Trans. of the ASAE 33(2):585-589.
Wolf, R. R. and W. E, Sandler. 1984. An algorithm for stem detection using digital image processing. Trans. of the ASAE 28:641-644.
Wen, Z. and Y. Tao. Adaptive spherical transform of fruit images for high-speed defect detection. ASAE Paper No. 973076. St. Joseph, Mich.:ASAE.
Yang, Q. 1993. Finding stalk and calyx of apples using structured lighting. Comput. Electron. Agric. 8:31-42.
Yang, Q. 1994. An approach to apple surface feature detection by machine vision. Comput. Electron. Agric. 11:249-264.
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Ed (Russ) Russek passed away on March 28, 2013, after a very short bout with cancer. He was born Aug. 2, 1933, to Ignatius and Ann Russek of Watertown. He graduated from Watertown High School and then went into the Air Force for a four-year term. He was last stationed in New Jersey, where he [...]...Read More
Marjorie "Margie" Lenz, age 85 of Watertown, passed away Wednesday, April 3, 2013, at the Elim Home in Watertown. The funeral service was held at 3 p.m. Saturday April 6, at the St. Paul's Lutheran Church (505 Westminster Ave.) in Watertown with Rev. Paul Krentz as officiant. Interment in the ...Read More
Kenneth O. "Ken" Felt, age 74 of Waconia, passed away Sunday April 7, 2013, at his residence. A funeral service will be held on Saturday April 13, at 11 a.m. at Church of Peace in Norwood Young America with Rev. Lynda Johnson officiating; interment at Lakeview Cemetery in Waconia. Visitation wil...Read More
Edwin G. Laumann, age 91, of Watertown, died Tuesday, Sept. 18, 2012, at the St. Mary's Care Center in Winsted. Mass Of Christian Burial was held at 10:30 a.m. Wednesday, Sept. 26, at the Holy Trinity Catholic Church in Winsted with Fr. Anthony Stubeda as the officiant of the Mass. Visitation was ...Read More
Adeline G. (Lorentson) Benson, age 90, of Watertown, died peacefully at home on Tuesday, Sept. 18, 2012. A devoted and resourceful mother, spouse, grandmother, great-grandmother and friend. She will be greatly missed by all who knew her. A Memorial Service will be held Saturday Sept. 29, 11 a.m., at...Read More
Mass of Christian Burial was at 10:30 a.m. on Tuesday, Aug. 21, 2012 at St. Paul's Catholic Church for Eunice Ann Orth, 82, of Chaska, formerly of St. Cloud, who died peacefully on Thursday, Aug. 16, 2012 at Marie Steiner Kelting Hospice House in Chaska. Rev. Gerald Dalseth will officiate and buri...Read More


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1978 Chevrolet Nova • 100,000 miles
My steering is hard to turn to left an pop loud at time I hit a hole in the road an not long after that it started when I have it jack up it ishard to steer left and almost free spin to the right
February 7, 2013.
February 7, 2013.
Get an alignment done and alll the problems will come out whjen a shop trys to align the front end. You need to have this done anyway.
Feb 7, 2013.
Feb 7, 2013.
Im trying to buy a new truck, i test drove a sweet f150 this evening and the only problem to be had was that there was a noticible grinding sound when i lightly pressed the brake, ...
5 answers • 2001 Ford F-150 • 95,000 miles
Brakes problem 1997 Pontiac Transport 6 cyl Front Wheel Drive Automatic I want to raise the front of my mini van to work on the brakes and check my undercaridge, but have a cupple...
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Hi 2000 bonneville pontiac 68 k I was all set to go to change my oil, i have changed it twice before with the help of a mechiaic,now im doing it alone i know exactly how to ...
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Only hotels in 07657 zip code are listed below. Search for cheap and discount hotel rates in Ridgefield, NJ for your upcoming leisure or conference / group travel. We list the best 07657 hotels and motels so you can review the Ridgefield hotel list below to find the perfect lodging. Hotels in Bergen county and area code 201 are also listed.
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Charities - Page 20
Sacred Heart Bazaar Brings Multifaceted Fun to Sedalia This Weekend [INTERVIEW
Behka's Enquiring Minds: Panhandlers [SURVEY]
Two SFCC Staff Members Win Missouri College Personal Association Awards
Liberty Park Had Games and Food for The Kiwanis Family Fun Day [PHOTOS]
Missouri Department of Conservation Hopes You Share the Harvest
Many Missourians need help with putting meat on the dinner table. Deer hunters can help by sharing their harvests through Missouri's Share the Harvest program. Share the Harvest connects deer hunters with hungry Missourians through participating meat processors and local hunger-relief agencies around the state.


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R29's Very Own Labor Day Sale Will Kick Off Your Weekend RIGHT
Please upgrade your browser for the best Refinery29 experience. Read more.
When it comes to engagement rings, we're guilty of being drawn to anything that is shiny, sparkly, and quirky. But, we know that there are so many other aspects to consider in the ring-selecting process than, you know, opting for whatever happens to catch our eye. We want our engagement ring to truly last and hold up to read
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RI Reboot
Can RI support reboot functionality.
For example if I call Host.getInstance().reboot(), RI goes down but never comes up.
I wanted to know if there is a way to bring up RI from code.
On the RI PC Platform, Host.reboot() just terminates the RI process on your Windows or Linux PC -- so no, it doesn't actually do a reboot. However, you could write a script that just runs the process in a loop -- if the process exits, it will just start up again, similar to a reboot.
Alternatively, you can issue the following command:
./runRI.sh -ate
This puts the RI into an automated test mode, which automatically restarts the RI process upon termination.


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Healthy Indiana Plan Combines Personal Responsibility and Public Dollars
WASHINGTON, Dec. 14 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- HHS Secretary Mike Leavitt today announced the approval of a Medicaid waiver that will allow the state of Indiana to implement an innovative health care proposal giving approximately 120,000 low-income, uninsured residents access to critical health care services. Through the waiver, the state will be able to begin accepting applications for the new health care coverage, called the Healthy Indiana Plan (HIP).
"This is a forward-thinking plan to reduce the numbers of uninsured Indiana residents, and I applaud Governor Mitch Daniels for leading such important health care reform in the state of Indiana," Secretary Leavitt said. "It is critical that every state in this nation be thinking of creative new ways to help residents gain access to health care and, at the same time, working to make those ideas become reality. At the national level, President Bush has outlined several proposals that would give more Americans access to health insurance, but this is an excellent example of what can be done now in the states to advance this important objective."
"We're glad the Department of Health and Human Services and Office of Management and Budget gave us approval for this program in a matter of months," said Governor Daniels. "This is a big step forward that will lead to approximately 120,000 uninsured Hoosiers having the peace of mind of health insurance."
HIP was approved as a Medicaid Section 1115 demonstration project and will extend health insurance to low-income parents of children now covered by Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), as well as childless adults. To be eligible for coverage, enrollees' incomes must not exceed 200 percent of the federal poverty level (FPL), or $20,420 for an individual and $41,300 for a family of four.
Enrollment in the plan will give partic
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Published on 28 Oct 2012
" With IBM Endpoint Manager we will be able to guarantee that all of our endpoints are patched appropriately, and we will be able to provide solid proof that we have a regular, fully documented patch process in place. This will be a huge step in helping us to move closer to full PCI DSS compliance. "
Neil Wakefield, System and Process Change Manager, The Co-operative Food
The Co-operative Food
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United Kingdom
The Co-operative Group Ltd. is a British consumer cooperative, wholly run and owned by its members. It is the largest organisation of its kind in the Europe, with over six million members. The group comprises a diverse range of businesses, the largest of which is The Co-operative Food: a chain of food and convenience stores employing some 70,000 people.
Business need
The Co-operative Food wanted to develop a more unified approach to patch management, in an effort to improve compliance with PCI DSS standards and enhance security across its retail network.
Selected IBM® Endpoint Manager (formerly BigFix®) to centralise and streamline the patching process, delivering more effective patch management for an endpoint environment comprising some 19,000 devices.
Offers real-time, automated patch discovery and management, ensuring that endpoints maintain appropriate patch levels. Integrated reporting helps to demonstrate compliance with PCI DSS requirements.
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IBM Endpoint Manager for Server Automation
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analysisBy Antoinette Muller
South Africa's women's cricket team will embark on their first tour as professional cricketers when they travel to the UK for three T20 matches against England and three T20s against Ireland. While expectations should be kept in check, the tour can only be a good thing in the greater scheme of things.
In just a few weeks, the South African women's team will make history. For the first time ever, a mostly professional squad will travel to the UK for their first tour as pro-cricketers. Earlier in the year, Cricket South Africa - thanks to some help from Momentum - announced that they would be expanding their list of centrally contracted women from six to 14.
For the laymen, this means that the women who needed to work while also trying to play international cricket can now focus just on playing cricket. For some, the contracts do still involve a role of ambassador and coaching, as it did with England's "Chance to Shine" contracts. Considering that just a year ago there were no contracts for women, this is a significant step and will signal a new era for the ladies.
It is, however, imperative that expectations remain...


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Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: May 2006
Location: Rogersville, AL
Oddometer: 118
I believe I had an Ural sighting today on the Natchez Trace around Tupelo.....Big cooler on the back, spare tire, and about 20 cars lined up behind it...that wasn't you was it stitchergary?
"Physics is like sex: sure, it may give some practical results, but that's not why we do it."
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
I believe I had an Ural sighting today on the Natchez Trace around Tupelo.....Big cooler on the back, spare tire, and about 20 cars lined up behind it...that wasn't you was it stitchergary?
That must have been me, but there was so little traffic I think I only had about 6 cars pass me in about 90 miles. We went through some rode construction near Tupolo so that might be where there was some backup. I have a lot to catch up on. The Birmingham/Barber day was my best so far. I just unpacked, will head out for a couple beers, then start working... Gary
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: May 2006
Location: Rogersville, AL
Oddometer: 118
Haha yeah it gets a little busy around Tupelo from time to time. I was just messing around about the cars. Wish I would have knew you were coming through. I would have offered you some lunch
Everything is going pretty slow on the Trace the last few days. We had a bicyclist get killed this week.
"Physics is like sex: sure, it may give some practical results, but that's not why we do it."
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Just a thought
Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take our breath away.
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stitchergary screwed with this post 04-24-2009 at 05:03 PM
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Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Wednesday 4/22 211 Miles Today 1,540 Total
I got sick of stopping and checking my map all the time... This morning I decided to do some planning and put my route on a paper in my tank bag. I knew the motel was on route 138 so all is good.... It never seems to turn out that way...I went maybe 15 miles and the intersection had unfamiliar numbers. I park in a church to check out my map. Can't even find those numbers???? What's going on??? So I keep going until I reach a town...Can't remember what the name was but it seemed too familiar. Stopped again at a gas station and talked to a guy getting gas. Seems like my east/west gyroscope in my brain was malfunctioning that morning. I went the wrong direction. All is not lost and I plan a new route. This one will be perfect, I know. My main worry is getting through Atlanta. You know, the one that has traffic to make a grown man cry. I brought my handkerchief with me just in case. My first thought was go around Atlanta. There were so many little roads I knew it would take all day so decided to take Interstate 20 through the bottom section of Atlanta, which seemed shorter than Interstate 85.
At the beginning my anxiety was rising fast. I'm going maybe 60 and everyone is flying by, including big tractor trailors. It was never so bad I was holding people up but I was feeling uncomfortable. We went on like this for quite a few miles and I see a sign for the bypass. I'm thinking that might be better until I saw a sign saying all tractor trailors had to take the bypass. Forget that, I'm sticking with the first plan. Once they got off I20 it opened up so much there weren't enough cars for all the lanes. I think 5 lanes at that point. I'm relaxing now...things were good until I20 and the bypass come back together. I look to my right and that line of tractor trailers looks like a pack of wolves and I've got a slab of meat strapped to my back. This isn't good. Somehow I survived the line of tractor trailers merging into my lane. I didn't dare move over into the left lane because some of those lunatics were probably driving 90+ MPH.
I knew I wanted to take the exit at Villa Rica and take Route 61 south and go back to the secondary roads. Took the exit, got gas, and my personal rest stop at McDonalds, where a guy came over asking about my trip. He said his sister went to Dental school in Syracuse so knew the general area where I was from. We talked for maybe 20 minutes and then I'm off. Back over I20 for my Route 61. Except there was never any sign saying Route 61. What's going on? Good a bad feeling. Stopped and talked with a telephone lineman who wanted to check out the bike. He told me there are two exits for Villa Rica. I can pick'em can't I??? He said keep going straight, then turn right and I'll run into Route 61. It worked!!! Pretty uneventful crossing over into Alabama. The road was great. Nice and smooth and the traffic and my speed meshed just right. It was getting later in the day and I was thinking of finding a camp site, so I stopped at at gas station. As I was taking off the helmet this gentleman came up and we started talking
Meet Paul from Wadley, AR... What a nice guy. I told him I was thinking of trying to find a campround on another route and he told me he's driven tractor trailor down the road a long time and there is no campsites. That saved me a lot of gas and frustration. He then offered me a spot to put my tent at his home. I was very tempted but felt I could make some distance in the time remaining in the day. I reluctantly declined and trekked on. Came to Alexander City, Al. I thought this was a nice looking town. Lots of new office buildings and stores. Looked very clean and modern. I stopped at the Walmart thinking maybe there would be WiFi, but no luck. A couple of the Walmart employees were enjoying a smoke on the tailgate of a truck so I asked them about camping. They both agreed if I backtracked I could camp at the state park. I wasn't to enthused about turning back but decided to anyways. Good Decision Gary! You're Brilliant!
About 9 miles back I came to Wind Creek State Park. This has to be the nicest campsite I've ever seen. All the roads are paved, each campsite hasw a paved parking area, every site had water and electricity, every site had a picnic table and many had waterfront views. During checkin a German couple were getting a site. The employee asked if I knew what they were in and I said I've seen pictures, but didn't know the name. Here it is.
The driver said it was purchased in Canada and they took it to Sturgis during bike week and to Alaska. Quite the getup!
Stud fee waived for noobs
Joined: Jul 2004
Location: 30120
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That would be a Unimog.
"...When your time comes to die, do not be like those whose hearts are filled with fear of death,
So that when their time comes, they weep and pray for a little more time to live their lives over a different way.
Sing your death song, and die like a hero going home." - Tecumseh
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
wednesday cont'd
I'm not trying to make you feel jealous, really I'm not. Let me clear my throat again.. Found my site and set up the tent. Let's check it out...
From my tent site and bathrooms and showers
Right behind my tent
Just walking a ways from my tent
They even had a sand beach within a short walk
So I look at the Ural, look at the tent set up, glance at the waning sunlight glistening off the water, listen to music on my portable radio, and take a sip of cold beer. Is life good????
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Wednesday cont'd
Who says Alabama doesn't have a liberal streak???
I still haven't quite figured this arrangement out.....
Just reporting as I see it...
I was able to make sure the laptop was charged up. Have to admit a mental breakdown at this point which will manifest itself later.
So I walked up to talk to my neighbors, Mary & Clyde. They are the ones who have the golf cart which you saw in a previous pic. They ride the cart to their boat, then when they come back on the boat they've got a ride back to their trailor.
They are the most dedicated fisher(people) I've seen. Check out the back of Clyde's truck
While we were talking this fowl friend came up behind me. I never knew it was there until Clyde said something
I left and after it was dark Clyde walked down to my tent site offering me his lantern. I told him I had a battery powered lantern so we stood around talking again. There are nice people all over if you treat them right and give them a chance. I really enjoyed talking to Mary and Clyde...
stitchergary screwed with this post 04-24-2009 at 09:15 PM
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Dec 2008
Oddometer: 178
I've always wanted a Ural. You're doing exactly what I want to do. Patiently waiting for more...
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Thursday 4/23 190 Miles Today 1,730 Total
I kind of slept good that night but woke up many times for some reason. I got up at 6:00 and put my running shoes on and walked around part of the park. I was kind of questioning how late the sun was coming up and went down to the shoreline to get some early pics... For your enjoyment...
Yum, breakfast..
These people, from Georgia came in during the last evening. I walked up to them and told them what a nice looking rig they had. I further explained it wasn't anything like my tent, but adequat. They didn't want to trade for the night. I'm still puzzled by that...
Stop on sloped ground? No problem. It self levels the whole motorhome
It's getting light out and I pack everything up. I'm worried about getting into Birmingham and getting to Barber Museum. I had checked it out a few days ago on Yahoo maps and knew it was at the east side of the city. I wanted to avoid the interstate but didn't know how to get there. I found some back roads that I thought would get me close. Off I go. I'm getting close and needed gas so stopped at a little station and store. A few houses but this was the whole town. When I asked if he knew where Barber was he said it was easy. I asked if he was going to send me down the interstate and he said no. Continure on the same road for 7 miles and come to a T. Turn left and travel 3 1/2 miles and turn left right after the two gas stations....Wow, I was so excited to have it so easy. And for once everything went as I'd hoped.
The outside was beautiful. The inside makes it pale in comparison...
stitchergary screwed with this post 07-09-2009 at 03:58 AM
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Thursday cont'd
So I park out front and get my camera out to take pics and an employee comes out to smoke. An older gentleman with a badge on his belt. I assume some kind of security. I check my watch against the opening time and all is good. They open at 10:00 and it's around 10:30. Not many people yet though. Only one BMW in the motorcycle parking area. Do my talking, do my pic taking, then it's check out this place. Glass doors on the front indicate entry on the right doors. Pull the first one and nothing.....Hmmmm?? Grab the one beside it and nothing... Am I looking like a total idiot at this time??? I knew the guy I was talking to walked out so I went to the center doors and like magic I was allowed entry. Credit card out of the wallet I walked up to be greeted by a really cute girl. If only I were 30 years younger. Who am I kidding?? One look at the ural loaded down with my worldly possessions and she's thinking Jed Clampett. It's hard to overcome that image. Credit card went through, thank God and she explains that once they turn the lights on I can go in. Ah Ha! It finally clicked that I must have gone through a time zone. That's why it was dark for so long this morning and why the museum wasn't open. It wasn't 10:50, but 9:50. See, even I were 30 years younger I'd still be a little left of plumb....I started taking pics near the entrance and after 10 minutes started walking inside. Suddenly someone walks up to me and asked if I was Gary. There was a moment there where I think my brain froze. It's hard to comprehend that someone knows you when no one is supposed to know you. Because I stayed at the campsite the night before I never read the ADV message from WallyBob in Birmingham to call him and he was going to be at Barber the next day. So suddenly I had an experienced guide. First I'm worried about getting there. That's overcome. Now suddenly I have another Ural rider with experience at the Barber Museum to be my guide. Can anything get better than this???
I took pic after pic after pic and the only thing I can say is someone who hasn't been there doesn't understand the sensory overload that you go through. If any one of us had any bike there it would be treasured for life. There are 100's of these perfect specimins. Bikes from all ages, even 100 years old, that look like they came off the dealer floor. There are 5 floors of this. I'm not into racing so I kind of ignored those, but the early bikes were fascinating... I'm not going to bore you with every pic I took. I'm only going to put up a very few. Here goes!
Suddenly my camera says the battery is too low to take pics.. Great!! Now we go back to the pic where I had the laptop in getting charged. Do I need my laptop at this point?? A general NO!! I need my camera which has a dead battery... Why didn't I charge the battery last night??? So WallyBob comes to the rescue because he brought his niffty christmas present.. Nice camera. Designed for mistreatment and shock and water..Just what I need.... I'm hoping to link and get some off that camera.... It's 10:41pm and I'm getting tired...think I'll get some sleep and try to continue this in the morning... I still have 1/2 day of activity and there is a big surprise where I ended up tonight... The best things in life are those unplanned... NO, I didn't get lucky if that's what your thinking....
stitchergary screwed with this post 04-25-2009 at 04:21 AM
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Thursday cont'd
So, after that mind boggling tour of the Barber Museum, Wallybob asked me what route I was taking. Hadn't even thought that far ahead yet. I was just worried how I'd get there. I want to head west but don't want to get on an interstate. My savior led me down streets where I wasn't scared I'd be run over by a tractor trailor. Lots of traffic lights and stop and go but that was much better than the alternative. One thing I didn't think about before we left was how warm it had gotten. Up to this point the focus was on keeping from freezing. Now we are going down the road and the temp was probably over 80. As I'm driving I'm trying to unzip the zippers on my leather jacket without much success. It's HOT! Then Wallybob stops at a gas station, I'm out of the city traffic, I'm safe. The first thing was change to the mesh jacket in the trunk. We said our goodbyes, a couple pics of me done by wallybob, and I'm off up Route 31 north with the breeze blowing through the jacket. Oh, that felt so nice. Suddenly I realized I had never taken a pic of Wallybob. If my camera worked I'd have done that automatically, but when you get out of your rythm you forget.
My plan now was to get to a campground that Wallybob showed me on the map up in the Northeast corner of Alabama called Joe Wheeler State Park. What an easy ride in that direction. A four lane divided state road so I didn't have to worry about faster traffic. Traveling along about 55. After Culman I headed west on a road that was the straightest I've ever been on in my life. Mile after mile after mile straight as an arrow. I could have put my head down on the tank bag and snoozed for 30 minutes, woke up, and still be on the same road. No, I don't promote trying that.
I'm not to far from my destination I went through a small town but the traffic signs just stopped. I stopped at a grocery store asking some kids if this was still route 130 to Joe Wheeler S.P. and they said yes. Great, I'm not lost yet. I decided to get some grub for the evening. As I parked a pickup pulled up and a guy hops out coming right over to the bike. He wanted to know eveything about the ride, where I was staying for the night, all about the bike. He said he wasn't sure if the first Joe Wheeler had tent sites, but did have cabins. David, as I found out his name later, said I might have to go over the damn and get a site at the second Joe Wheeler. Man, I didn't want to hear that. Suddenly he said, "you can put your tent up at my place if you want. I live about 6 miles from here in a log cabin by a lake. My son isn't with me tonight." I accepted his offer and said I'll go in the grocery store and get some beer. David said they didn't sell beer and the closest place is about 16 miles round trip. He said he had plenty in the fridge and I could help myself.
We went in the grocery so David could buy his package of meat and I got lettuce mix, bell pepper, and orange juice. But no beer!
I followed David for about 6 miles down some back roads, down a long driveway with rows of corn just emerging from the ground, to his cabin.
We walk inside and I'm amazed. The kitchen area was the original cabin built in 1832 using hand hewn logs.
How many people have a fireplace in their kitchen. Great for winter days..
stitchergary screwed with this post 04-25-2009 at 05:45 AM
Gnarly Adventurer
Joined: Jan 2007
Oddometer: 250
Thursday cont'd
Just off the kitchen is another room, but I found out this wasn't part of the orginal cabin. Another cabin of the same construction was purchased and moved 32 miles around the lake and attached to the original. You can see a door on the right which goes into a hallway to the upstairs and then the next room is the downstairs bedroom.
The bedroom
This floor was taken out of a funeral home and placed in the bedroom. David said it ended up being so much work he put regular hardwood in the rest of the house.
So this was the "old' section of the house. Onto the kitchen David added an addition.
See the comforter hanging from the wall?? That isn't some folk art. David was using his crossbow hitting a target inside and one arrow had a bad feather and, well, the glass in the right french door is history. He said now it's warmed up he can get that repaired.
Rember Clyde back at the campground who had all the fishing poles in the back of his truck. He has nothing on David in the fishing department. He could start his own tackle shop.
The one on the right deserved this certificate
BTW, the one on the right is a replica from Bass Pro using the measurements from the original. The one caught was kept in water until the DEC could document the weight and was then released back to the water. What a sportsman!!!
A view showing the meshing of old and new. This is a 2 acre property that was part of the original 800 acres.
David took what was a hunting and fishing camp and made it, with much work, into a beautiful home. What could make this any better??? Don't stop now. Take a look what David sees every day. I'm feeling sorry for the man.....
This is the newest additionn to the family and is named Panther. A present for David's son.
Another Panther sighting. You couldn't resist holding this soft cuddly dog.
David talked alot about his fishing, hunting, canoeing, but I don't think there was any more devotion to a subject than his son, who will have his 7th birthday next week. Happy Birthday!!!
So David told me to forget the tent camping. The house was empty so stay in a bedroom. And BTW, treat the house like it's yours. There is beer in the fridge. I'm doing a small load of laundry so if you have some dirty cloths just add it to the load. Take a shower, whatever you need the place is yours. So one minute I'm kinda lost in a little town looking for a state park. 30 minutes later I'm living in well crafted historic home on a beautiful lake. The Ural might be a little slow, but there are benefits to riding a motorcycle that puts a smile on everyone's face. Next we'll head over to see David's aunt who has, with her husband,another beautiful home just a short ways down the shoreline of this lake.
stitchergary screwed with this post 04-25-2009 at 06:23 AM
burrito eater
Joined: May 2008
Location: Santa Rosa, CA
Oddometer: 217
great report by the way!
PROUD 2B Riff Raff!
Joined: Oct 2006
Location: Drinking from the Stanley Cup!
Oddometer: 10,905
Great report so far... I am following this one.
When you get to Oregon I hope you make it near Portland. We typically get together on Thursdays and would enjoy meeting you.
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Shrimp Stuffed Sole
28 Feb 2011
|6 Tablespoon, divided
|Canned shrimp
|4 1⁄2 Ounce, drained and chopped (1 Can)
|Bread crumbs
|1⁄2 Cup (8 tbs)
|Light cream
|1⁄4 Cup (4 tbs)
|Chopped parsley
|1 Tablespoon
|Sole fillets
|1 Pound
|Lemon juice
|2 Tablespoon
|Dill weed
|1 Teaspoon
|1 Teaspoon
|To Taste
In glass bowl, cook 3 tablespoons butter on ROAST (7) for 1 1/2 minutes or until melted.
Mix in shrimp, bread crumbs, cream and parsley.
Set aside.
In glass baking dish, cook remaining 3 tablespoons butter on ROAST (7) for 1 1/2 minutes or until melted.
Cut fillets in half lengthwise and place in melted butter.
Spoon even amount of shrimp mixture onto each fillet half.
Fold each toward center so both ends are tucked under.
Sprinkle with dill weed and paprika.
Cook on HIGH (9) for 6 to 8 minutes or until fish can be flaked with a fork.
Sprinkle with lemon juice and salt to taste.
Recipe Summary
Difficulty Level:Easy
Course:Side Dish
Preparation Time:10 Minutes
Cook Time:10 Minutes
Ready In:20 Minutes
Rate It
0 Comments
Shrimp Stuffed Sole Recipe


text:
Fuse Creativity System Project Guide: Fun Party Themes, Idea for Handmade Cards, And More Paper Crafts from Fiskars
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Cherry Blossoms Card
By: Carolyn Summers for Posh Impressions
We are adding the craft to your Craft Projects.
The project was added to your Craft Projects.
Click here to view your Craft Projects.
A red and gold card stamped with cherry blossoms is sure to dazzle the recipient. Let this card from Posh Impressions inspire you to create a Japanese set. The stamped images are sophisticated and lovely.
- Black card stock 8-1/2 inches by 5-1/2 inches folded in half
- Red card cut to 5-1/4 inches by 4 inches
- Medium tag punch by Marvy Uchida
- Small round corner punch
- VersaMark and Brilliance Galaxy Gold ink pads
- Gold fine embossing powder by Ranger
- Gold Krylon leafing pen
- Gold brad
- Gold fiber/cord
- Adhesive of your choice
- Strip of dry wall screen
- Scraps of black and white paper or cardstock
- POSH-20 Japanese Set
- Place the red card in your tag punch leaving a border of approximately 3/8 inch from the bottom of the card and the same distance from the right-hand side and punch out tag. Turn the red card over and do the same, ending up with two red cut out tags at the bottom. Ink the cherry blossom branch image using the VersaMark pad and randomly stamp the red card. Heat set.
- Using a scrap of black cardstock, punch out a black tag. Trim one red tag (left from step one)approximately 1/8 inch on all sides. Ink the tiny cherry blossom image with VersaMark and stamp the red tag, emboss in gold, outline with leafing pen (heat set) and attach to the black tag; add the brad and gold cord. On a scrap of black card, stamp the fan using VersaMark and emboss in gold, cut out and set aside. Using your Brilliance gold pad, place the dry wall screen on a scrap of white paper and cover with ink and heat set.
- To complete card, adhere your red card over the black folded card and position the fan image that has been inked with VersaMark and stamp inside of each cutout area on the black card and emboss with gold embossing powder. Outline the red card with the gold leafing pen and heat set. Attach the gold wall tape, prepared in step 2, to a strip of black cardstock and glue to the upper section of the card as shown, trimming the ends to match the red card. Glue the extra fan to the bottom between the two cut-out areas. Attach the tag to the top.
- The completed card front is ready to attach to the folded black card.
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- Musician's Friend Best Selection, Price & Service. Guaranteed.
Call our Gear Heads
at: 800-449-9128
Call our Gear Heads
at: 800-449-9128
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Hydraulic drumheads are an Evans exclusive. Heavy-duty, twin-ply drumheads that have an oil-filling between...
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This complete set lets you practice with abandon while keeping the volume way down. Essential practice gear.
10 mil film head uses Remo's new Pressure Dampening Profile system. A strip of permanently mounted acoustic...
Every drummer has great reasons for gearing up, whether that means getting transportation equipment for a cross-country tour, customizing the sound of your cans or even just taking care of routine maintenance. Despite the pounding they take on the stage, drums are still precision instruments after all, and that means taking care of them. Gearing up with the right accessories is the first step to ensuring that you and your drums deliver the top performance at every gig.
With that in mind, your first priority will probably be the accessories that have a direct impact on your drumming. Personalization is one of the perks of owning a drum set, so don't be shy about making it your own with new drum heads, tone control rings, kickports and other modifications. You'll also find a great selection of drum sticks here, so you can look for a set with just the right weight, balance and tip shape to create exactly the sort of sound you're looking for with every tap.
Of course, before you can begin to play your drums, you've got to get them to the venue in the first place. That's why it pays to pick out your cases carefully - and there are all kinds to choose from here. One great example is the SKB Roto-X: it's a molded drum case that manages to be seriously tough while light on weight, so you won't have trouble carrying it and its contents where they need to go.
After you get to the location of your gig and start setting up, it's time to take out the tuners and drum keys. Accessories like these will help you make sure that your drums sound just right during the show. There's gear here for between shows as well, like practice pads and rhythm watches for brushing up on your technique. You could even combine the two concepts with something like the Roland RMP-5 Rhythm Coach.
There are so many different kinds of drum accessories that it's always the right time to use one or another. Whether you're onstage, at home, on the road or at practice, you'll always be doing yourself a favor when you have the drum accessories that you need to push your performance to the next level.
Our product catalog varies by country due to manufacturer restrictions. If you change the Ship-To country, some or all of the items in your cart may not ship to the new destination.


text:
Sponsored Link
If you want to add this settings to globally use /etc/bash.bashrc
First you need to Edit your $HOME/.bashrc file
gedit $HOME/.bashrc
Add the following line
export HISTTIMEFORMAT=
"%h/%d - %H:%M:%S "
Save and exit the file.
From next login instead of:
574 tail -f /var/log/maillog
575 mailq | tail -15
576 tail -f /var/log/maillog
577 less /var/log/maillog
you get:
1002 May/09 -- 11:46:16 grep log /var/log/maillog
1003 Apr/09 -- 14:17:40 passwd test
1004 Apr/09 -- 14:50:28 history 15
Some more bash history tips
- The most efficent way to search your history is to hit Ctrl R and type the start of the command. It will autocomplete as soon as there's a match to a history entry, then you just hit enter
- If you don't want to save duplicate commands use the following option in your bashrc file ($HOME/.bashrc)
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
- If you want to set the size of the history file use the following option in your bashrc file ($HOME/.bashrc)
export HISTSIZE=500
Sponsored Link
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- ubuntu history date
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text:
Never liked CB hope he goes to sleep.
Printable View
Never liked CB hope he goes to sleep.
I want to say how I feel about CB. But then I would be banned.
What the fuck?
Am I really watching K1 Dollaway right now? When the hell did this happen?
I think Tim's down in this fight, but wouldn't be surprised if he cranks a walkoff in this third.
Tim had a real nasty eye poke against Costa. Now this.
Should lose pts for pointing your fingers
Cheating motherfucker.
The ref literally looking around like a FUCKING DOOFUS...TAKE A POINT AWAY!


text:
Changes related to "User:Timothee Flutre"
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This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold.< User:Timothee Flutre
1 July 2015
|User:Timothee Flutre/Notebook/Postdoc (diff; hist) . . (+144) . . Timothee Flutre (Talk | contribs) (→Notes: add one-liners for HTS data)


text:
Netflix has hired Brian Wright, most recently Nickelodeon's senior VP of live-action development, to head up the streaming service provider's stepped-up efforts to acquire kids and family programming.
Wright reports to Cindy Holland, Netflix's VP of original content. The company has been ramping up its children's content recently, which Wall Street analysts see as a critical genre in the subscription VOD space.
DreamWorks Animation, Scholastic Media and Mattel. The DWA deal encompasses more than 300 hours of original programming, including series "Turbo FAST" and new seasons of "DreamWorks Dragons." Under a pact with Disney, Netflix will get pay-TV window rights to future theatrical releases from Pixar and Disney Animation starting in 2016.
At Viacom's Nickelodeon, Wright oversaw all live-action development and pilot production for Nickelodeon, Nick at Nite, TeenNick and international co-productions. Shows launched on his watch include "Big Time Rush," "Victorious" and "The Haunted Hathaways." Prior to joining Nick in 2007, Wright worked at Lifetime Television Network, where he developed "Army Wives," among other projects.
Wright began his TV career as crew member on NBC's "Scrubs," before working for comedy writers Jay Scherick and David Ronn through their deal with Touchstone Television. He also worked with Greg Berlanti's production company at Warner Brothers TV.
Netflix's hiring of Wright was first reported by Variety sister site Deadline.com.


text:
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About Meditation
Meditation is a method for acquainting our mind with virtue. The more familiar we are with virtue, the calmer and more peaceful we become.
Rest and Reflect retreat weeks
Peaceful week retreats throughout the year.
Stay for a relaxing week and enjoy the regular morning, lunchtime & evening meditation classes.
World Peace Cafe
Delicious meals, coffee and cakes are on offer at Kilnwick Percy Hall's World Peace Cafe.
Weekend Meditation Breaks
Weekend courses are a great way to getaway from the stresses of busy life and take a break. These meditation courses and retreats are suitable for beginners and those with more experience and are a great way to learn new things or deepen your present spiritual understanding and experience. Every body is welcome.


text:
Nucor sues to stop Big River plant
Posted: August 13, 2014 at 2:34 a.m.
Nucor Steel, an owner of two steel mills near Blytheville, has filed a lawsuit in federal court seeking to stop the construction of the $1.3 billion Big River Steel plant near Osceola.
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