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Macro defects in a processed or partly processed semiconductor wafer, liquid crystal display element, disk drive element or the like, are detected using scattered light. By use of automated image processing techniques, a reference image and a sample image are formed from the scattered light and edge enhanced. A difference image is formed by comparing the edge enhanced reference and sample images. The difference image is evaluated using one or more automated image processing techniques such as thresholding, morphological transformations and blob analysis to identify macro defects.
1. A method for detecting macro defects on a sample surface comprising the steps of:
forming a first edge enhanced image of a reference;
directing light from a light source onto said sample surface at an oblique angle wherein said sample surface corresponds to said reference;
detecting light from said light source scattered by said sample surface;
forming a test image of said sample surface from the scattered light;
performing an edge enhancement of said image to form a second edge enhanced image;
forming a difference image by subtracting said first edge enhanced image from said second enhanced image;
forming a thresholded difference image by applying a pre-selected threshold method to said difference image, wherein said thresholded difference image further comprises an array of pixels; and
determining a presence or absence of macro defects wherein each pixel or contiguous group of pixels, of said thresholded difference image having a gray scale value in excess of a value determined by said threshold method is defined as a macro defect.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said reference comprises a regular pattern of light scattering features on a reference surface that represent a desired pattern.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said first edge enhanced image is formed from an image of said reference surface.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein forming said first edge enhanced image comprises the steps of:
directing light from said light source onto said reference surface at said oblique angle;
detecting light from said light source scattered by said reference surface;
forming an image of said reference surface from the scattered light; and
performing an edge enhancement of said image.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein forming said image of said reference surface comprises forming a plurality of temporary images, each temporary image formed of a different reference surface, and averaging said plurality of temporary images.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein forming said image of said reference surface comprises the steps of:
forming one or more first temporary images, each first temporary image formed of a different reference surface;
forming a second temporary image, wherein said second temporary image is formed of a database representation of said reference surface; and
averaging said one or more first temporary images and said second temporary image.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said reference is a database representation of a regular pattern of light scattering features that represent a desired pattern.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein forming a difference image comprises normalizing said second edge enhanced image to said first edge enhanced image.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a presence or absence of macro defects further comprises performing a morphological operation of said thresholded difference image.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein determining a presence or absence of macro defects further comprises performing a direct or differential blob analysis.
11. A method of scattered light macro defect detection comprising the steps of:
training a macro defect detection apparatus, wherein said training comprises forming a reference template image;
acquiring a sample image of a sample surface from scattered light with a camera;
forming an edge enhanced image of said sample image;
normalizing said edge enhanced image to said reference template image;
forming a difference image of said normalized edge enhanced image and said reference template;
forming a thresholded difference image of said difference image;
performing a direct blob analysis of said thresholded difference image or a differential blob analysis of said difference image and said thresholded difference image; and
determining a presence or absence of macro defects using said direct or differential Blob analysis and thresholded difference image;
wherein forming said edge enhanced image, normalizing said edge enhanced image, forming said difference image, forming said thresholded difference image, performing said direct or differential blob analysis and said determining a presence or absence of macro defects is performed by said macro defect detection apparatus.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein forming said reference template image comprises forming an edge enhanced image of a reference surface.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein forming said edge enhanced image comprises substituting a database representation of a regular pattern of light scattering features that are not macro defects for said reference surface.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein forming said edge enhanced image comprises the steps of:
forming a plurality of temporary images wherein each temporary image is formed of a different reference surface; and
forming an average image of the plurality of temporary images, wherein said edge enhanced image is formed of said average image.
15. The method of claim 11, wherein acquiring a sample image of a sample surface comprises illuminating said sample surface with a light source positioned at an oblique angle to said sample surface.
16. An apparatus to inspect for macro defects on a substrate comprising:
a support for holding said substrate;
a light source for directing light onto a surface of said substrate when said substrate is on said support;
a detector located to receive light scattered from said surface of said substrate; and
an automated processor coupled to said detector for comparing an edge enhanced image of said surface to an edge enhanced reference template, thereby to determine a presence or absence of macro defects on the surface of the substrate.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising at least one additional detector located to receive scattered light from the surface of the substrate, the additional detector being located to detect scattered light at a different angle than is the first detector.
18. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a mechanism coupled to the substrate for moving the substrate relative to the detector.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the support includes means for rotating the substrate in a plane defined by its surface.
20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the detector comprises a charged coupled device camera.
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to defect detection using scattered light and more specifically to automatically detecting macro defects on surfaces such as semiconductor wafers, liquid crystal display panels, disk drive platters and the like using scattered light.
2. Description of the Related Art
A well known problem in the semiconductor industry, and other industries where surface defects are a problem, is the need to inspect for macro defects on the active surface e.g. the surface on which circuit elements, electro-magnetic coatings or optical coatings are formed. Typically, these inspections take place numerous times during the fabrication process and can be as often as several times for each fabricated layer. Macro defects can result from scratches and/or particles and typically can range in size from microns (μm) to a millimeter (mm) or more. Such defects result in a portion of the device being fabricated to function improperly, or not to function at all. Hence, it is important that inspections that can detect macro defects be performed periodically during the fabrication process. In addition, when defects are found it is important to pinpoint the location of each defect to allow that portion of the surface to be indicated as not usable, where possible.
Some prior art relies on manual inspections. Light, typically white light, is directed toward the surface of the substrate from an oblique angle. The presence of a macro defect can cause scattering of the light. An example of such a manual system that is used for visual front and back macro-inspections of semiconductor wafers is the Brightlight 200 manufactured by Irvine Optical Corporation of Burbank, Calif. However, a problem with such prior art systems is that light scattering can result from previous processing, and not indicate a defect. For example, when a semiconductor wafer surface is inspected, the patterns of previous layers created during the fabrication process cause light diffraction; thus an operator is required to distinguish these previous layer signals from a defect. Hence, the ability of that operator to distinguish a macro defect can change as a function of prior layer processing. Thus, manual inspections are subjective and prone to variable results due to fatigue or other factors. In addition, manual inspections are time consuming and often only a portion of the samples are inspected.
Other prior art defect detection systems use an automated image processing and comparison method known as "Golden Template Comparison" (GTC). GTC is described by William M. Silver in Golden Template Comparison, Sensors, October 1990, pp. 20-6, which is incorporated by reference herein. Additionally, GTC is available, as a combination of hardware and software, with the Cognex 5600 Vision Processor from Cognex Corp. of Needham, Mass. However, while GTC is a viable method for defect detection in some environments, several problems emerge when GTC is used for inspection of surfaces having complex patterns applied by previous processing using scattered light. For example, GTC can often indicate false defects when sample images contain only minor intensity or color variations. In addition, GTC can also return false defects when star burst patterns caused by diffracted light are present.
Therefore, it would be advantageous to have a method of macro defect detection that does not require a manual inspection or if automated, generate false defect signals. It would also be advantageous to have a method that uses objective criteria for defect detection. Such criteria should not be compromised by false defect detection problems. In addition, it would be advantageous to have a macro defect detection method that can inspect surfaces at a uniformly high throughput rate thus allowing 100% of the samples to be inspected. Finally it would be advantageous to have a macro defect detection system that can be used in a variety of fabrication environments such as semiconductor wafer fabrication, liquid crystal display element fabrication and the like as both a stand alone inspection station or as a portion of some other processing system.
This application is related to previously filed U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/644,649 filed on May 7, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,777,792 incorporated herein by reference, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
In accordance with the present invention, macro defects formed on or into the surface of a substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer or liquid crystal display element, are detected using a light scattering technique. The present method and apparatus use an oblique source of incident light and an apparatus to form an image from that light scattered from the surface. ("Light" here is not restricted to the visible spectrum, but refers to electro-magnetic energy that can be scattered.) Using automated image processing techniques, a computer based processing system is first trained using a reference sample, or database of the sample surface to be evaluated, to create an edge enhanced reference template. One or more automated edge enhancement techniques, for example a Sobel edge detector, can be used to form the template.
Once an edge enhanced reference template is created a sample image is acquired and enhanced in the same manner. The resulting enhanced images are compared and a difference image created where edge enhanced scattering effects present in both the template and the enhanced sample image are essentially eliminated. Again, applying one or more automated image processing techniques, for example GTC thresholding, morphological transformations and blob analysis, macro defect detection can be further improved. In this manner, a final image having only macro defects, if any, is produced.
Thus, in accordance with the subject invention, macro inspection of each wafer, for each and every process step, is enabled. Also, by use of the automated image processing taught herein, the uncertainties of manual (human) inspection are avoided, objective macro defect criteria having uniform defect detection thresholds are applied and false defects due to light and color variations and star bursts due to diffraction effects are avoided.
In accordance with the present invention, the detection apparatus can take various forms. In some embodiments a single detector (for instance a charge coupled device video camera) is positioned at a single predetermined angle to detect light scattered from the surface. In other embodiments the detector can be moved to several predetermined positions to enhance inspection of each pattern or of different patterns. In another embodiment, several different detectors are located at different angles to the sample surface or at different positions around the sample to form different images from the light scattered from the various inspection sites to best expose defects. It will be understood, that in all such embodiments of the present invention, the automated image processing can be accomplished using a general purpose computer with appropriate program routines or by using a specialized image processing system with other appropriate program routines. Finally, in some embodiments of the present invention, inspection is carried out by a stand alone inspection system while other embodiments this apparatus may be incorporated into other suitable processing equipment if so desired.
The present invention may be better understood, and its numerous objects, features, and advantages made apparent to those skilled in the art by referencing the accompanying drawings. For ease of understanding and simplicity, common numbering of elements within the illustrations is employed where the element is the same is between illustrations.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of process steps used to form a reference image using an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of process steps used to form and evaluate a sample image using an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is simplified representation of images from a macro defect inspection in the manner of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a diagrammatically a semiconductor wafer inspection station having a single detector camera and a single oblique light source; and
FIG. 5 shows is a plan view of an apparatus similar to that of FIG. 4, but having multiple detector cameras and multiple oblique light sources.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the aforementioned figures. These drawings are simplified for ease of understanding and description of embodiments of the present invention only. Various modifications or adaptations of specific methods and or structures may become apparent to those skilled in the art as embodiments of the present invention are described. All such modifications, adaptations or variations that rely upon the teachings of the present invention, and through which these teachings have advanced the art, are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, in some embodiments of the present invention a sample is evaluated using a reference template formed from one or more known-good reference samples, while in other embodiments the reference template is formed from a database of the sample area. Typically, known-good reference samples are determined by manually inspecting a group of potential reference samples and selecting those of the highest quality.
Turning to FIG. 1, a block diagram of the process steps used in the training phase of an embodiment of the present invention is shown ("Training" refers to the well known step in image analysis of providing a nominal "correct" image to which a sample to be inspected is later compared). Step 100 provides for acquiring a first reference image. Once acquired, the first reference image is edge enhanced to form a first edge enhanced reference image, Step 110, and stored. While a number of automated image processing edge enhancement techniques are known, for example, Difference, Roberts and Laplace, among others, a Sobel edge detector has been found desirable. However, any of the other techniques mentioned can be employed. If only a single reference image is used to form the edge enhanced reference image, for example where the image acquisition of Step 100 is from a database of the sample area, then branch 124 is selected and the image of Step 110 is used as the reference template of is Step 160. As known, advanced pattern forming methods often involve generating patterns from a digital representation of the pattern, commonly referred to as a pattern database. Thus some embodiments of the present invention can use these databases for forming the image produced by Step 100.
Alternatively, if additional training is desired to account for acceptable process variations, branch 128 is followed and another reference image, Step 130, acquired. This subsequent image is edge enhanced and the result added to the first edge enhanced reference image to form an average image, Step 140. If no additional training is desired, branch 152 is followed and the image of Step 140 becomes the reference template of Step 160. However, where additional training is desired, branch 158 is selected and Steps 130 and 140 repeated until the training phase is completed and a reference template 160 formed. It is common, even among substrates of the highest quality, for process variations to occur. Hence training using multiple know-good reference samples is employed to take these variations into consideration thus reducing the possible number of false defect signals. In addition, use of a database to form a reference image can be combined with a single known-good reference sample or multiple known-good reference samples to form reference template 160 as described above.
In some embodiments, more than one reference template 160 will be formed where each template 160 is based upon different lighting or imaging angles. Such multiple reference templates 160 allow for multiple inspections where different lighting and or imaging angles can improve macro defect detection.
Upon completion of the training phase of FIG. 1, automated inspection can commence. Referring now to FIG. 2, a block diagram of the process steps used in the detection phase of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In Step 200, a sample image is acquired using the same lighting and imaging angle employed to acquire the reference image of Step 100. An edge enhanced image of sample image 200 is created in Step 210 using the same edge enhancement technique employed in the formation of reference template 160. Edge enhanced image 210 is then normalized to reference template 160. Any of the known normalization techniques such as Identity Transformation, Tails Matching, Histogram Matching or Mean and Standard Deviation can be employed and all compensate for changes in lighting and aperture between training and detection phases.
Once normalization is complete, a difference image is created in Step 230. This difference image will contain elements of reference template 160 missing from image 210 as well as extra elements found in image 210. It will be understood however, that unlike GTC, the difference image of the present invention is based on the difference between two edge enhanced images. Edge enhanced images are typically pixelized representations of a real image where only edges have significant gray scale values. Thus, as essentially only edges are represented, image variations due to light or color differences or random diffraction effects are eliminated as the gradient for these changes are too small to give rise to edges when edge detection is applied. In addition, automated processing to form the difference image requires less processing resource when compared to image subtraction as employed in GTC.
After difference image 230 is formed, a threshold process is employed to form thresholded difference image 240. A specific threshold method is selected and the pre-selected method employed to examine each pixel in difference image 230 and move a binarized representation of that pixel to image 240. Thus once formed, thresholded difference image 240 is essentially an array of pixels where macro defects are represented as pixels, or contiguous groups of pixels, having a gray scale value in excess of a value determined by the threshold method selected. Thus macro defect identification 270 can be performed without optional Steps 250, 255 and 260. A variety of threshold methods can be employed. In some embodiments, the threshold method selected can use a uniform value for each pixel of an image, while in other embodiments a set of threshold values can be used where one or more values of the set of values can be applied to each pixel.
Optional Steps 250, 255 and 260 provide for enhancements of image 240 and can allow for accurate macro defect detection. The morphological operation of optional Step 250 filters image 240 to eliminate clusters (contiguous groups) of pixels that do not represent true macro defects, while leaving intact those that do. Typically, morphological filtering is based upon a morphological filtering element (not shown) where all clusters, or groups of pixels, in image 240 having a size that does not exceed the size of the element selected are filtered out. Thus if an element having a size of 2 pixels by 3 pixels is selected, then an image 250 is created from image 240 where all elements less than the size of the element are not represented.
Optional Step 255 involves defining a masking image that defines pixels that should not be considered, or "masked" when detecting macro defects. Examples of pixels that can be advantageously "masked" are those pertaining to repetitive features, pixels identified from a previous inspection as having a defect or the like. In this manner, finding a defect identified at a previous inspection or misclassification of a repetitive feature as a defect can be prevented.
When pixels are "masked" in accordance with optional Step 255, they are suppressed to zero or some other predetermined value. For example, where a pixel of Thresholded Difference Image 240a (FIG. 3) is "masked" the value applied will be less that any threshold value applied to that pixel used to form image 240a. Thus if a pattern related pixel 294 (FIG. 3) is "masked", it will be removed from image 240a and thus any further consideration as a potential defect. Pixels "masked" in the manner of optional Step 255 can be processed as a portion of Steps 230, 240 or 250 or as a stand alone step (as indicated) after Step 230 but before Step 270.
The blob analysis of optional Step 260 is a process that identifies groups of pixels or blobs (not shown) and calculates each blob's dimensions, area and center of mass. In addition the analysis can assign an identifying flag to each blob. The analysis can be either direct or differential. A direct blob analysis is performed using the difference image of Step 230 to create an blob error image 260. A differential analysis uses both difference image 230 and the threshold difference image of Step 240 to calculate blob error image 260. In either case, the output of the analysis is a total count of defect pixels in addition to the aforementioned calculations for each blob. Based upon the blob analysis results, further discrimination rules can be derived to correctly identify defects. For example, if a blob does not exceed a certain size, then it is not considered a defect; or if the elongation does not indicate that it is a scratch, then it is ignored.
Referring now to FIG. 3, a simplified representation of images from a macro defect inspection in the manner of an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. Following the steps of FIG. 1, one or more known-good reference images 100a are acquired and transformed into edge enhanced reference template 160a. Sample image 200a, having macro defects 290 and 292, is acquired and transformed into the normalized, edge enhanced image 220a of Step 220 (FIG. 2). Then, as described previously, the images are aligned and an image subtraction is performed to create difference image 230a. As depicted, the number of pattern related pixels remaining in image 230a is less than in either image 200a or 220a, making defects 290 and 292 more visible in image 230a. However, after the thresholding of Step 240 (FIG. 2), the number of pattern related pixels 294 is reduced further and an image 240a is created where defects 290 and 292 are easily identifiable. Where desired, an optional blob analysis, as per Step 260 (FIG. 2), can be performed and as indicated in image 260a enhance the detection of macro defects 290 and 292 further.
The above described embodiments of a method for automated macro defect detection can be accomplished using a combination of computer hardware (circuitry) and software. The computer hardware is either a general purpose computer or circuitry specifically designed for image processing and the software is created to perform the operations described using the hardware selected. In light of this disclosure, coding such software would be well within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art. In this manner, the criteria for any inspection is predetermined for the actual inspection process employed and the computer hardware/software combination insures that these embodiments provide for an objective inspection process. In addition, it has been found that embodiments of present invention can perform all image processing operations in less than 15 seconds for each substrate thus providing a high throughput that makes possible 100% inspection.
An embodiment of an inspection apparatus in accordance with this invention is shown schematically in FIG. 4. While only a single camera or detector 420 and single light source 410 is shown, other embodiments having multiple detectors 420 and light sources 410 are within the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, in one embodiment of this apparatus as shown in more detail in FIG. 5, four light sources 410 and detectors 420 are used. Returning to FIG. 4, both light source 410 and detector 420 are coupled to support members (not shown) such that each can be adjusted to optimize macro defect detection using scattered light for each sample, for example by modifying a grazing or oblique angle 416, less than 45�, of a light beam 412 that is incident to the wafer 10 surface. In addition, the coupling of camera 420 allows positioning at appropriate meridional and azimuthal angles for sensing forward scattered light 414. By optimizing the three angles, signal to background and signal to noise ratios of the camera 420 are optimized. The specific method of this coupling and means through which adjustment is provided are not critical to embodiments of the present invention, and any such coupling is thus within the present invention's spirit and scope.
FIG. 4 also illustrates a base plate 540 having an X-Y motion device 542 equipped with a rotational motion device 544 fixably coupled thereto. A substrate holder 530 is fixed to rotational motion device 544 such that a full range of X-Y and rotational movement of a substrate 10, detachably coupled to holder 530, is provided. In this manner, when an inspection area 15 (FIG. 5) is less than all of substrate 10, or when image alignment and registration is required, substrate 10 can be moved to complete the inspection.
Device 400 is shown coupled to detector 420 by and through data coupling 430. In combination, device 400 and detector 420 provide for performing the steps of FIGS. 1 and 2. Thus detector 420 and device 400 can vary in their functionality for different embodiments of the present invention. For example, in some embodiments detector 420 can be an analog video camera providing an analog signal through coupling 430. Device 400 can then provide for analog to digital conversion of the signal and perform all image processing, memory and defect detection functions. In other embodiments, detector 420 can be CCD (Charge Coupled Device) cameras providing a digital signal thus removing the requirement of analog to digital conversion from device 400.
It will also be understood that in some embodiments, device 400 can be a general purpose computer having software programs resident therein for performing the steps of FIGS. 1 and 2. In other embodiments, device 400 can be a highly specialized video processor, such as a Cognex 5600 video processor, having software programs resident therein for performing the steps of FIGS. 1 and 2.
Turning now to FIG. 5, a plan view of an apparatus similar to that of FIG. 4, but having four detectors or cameras and four light sources is depicted. It will be understood that the specific number and arrangement of detectors 420 and light sources 410 are illustrative only, and that other numbers and arrangements possible. In addition, as mentioned with respect to FIG. 4, each detector 420 and light source 410 is coupled to base plate 540 such that the defect detection can be optimized. It will also be understood that devices for providing X-motion 550 and Y-motion 560, as well as rotation 555 are provided but not shown.
As FIG. 5 depicts multiple cameras or detectors 420, a video signal multiplexer 440 is required to couple signals from detectors 420 through data coupling 430 to device 400. In some embodiments of the present invention, multiple detectors 420 are used to acquire images sequentially, thus multiplexer 440 functions as a switching device providing the proper signal to device 400 at the proper time. In other embodiments, image acquisition can be performed using multiple images from more than one detector 420. Thus multiplexer 440 can function as an image processor to provide an appropriate signal to device 400.
Thus embodiments of the present invention have been described that provide an apparatus for performing the steps of FIGS. 1 and 2. One of ordinary skill in the art will realize that while the embodiments shown illustrate specific combinations of light sources 410, cameras 420, signal multiplexer 440 and computational device 400, other combinations are possible that are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will also be realized that the embodiments of the present invention described can be stand-alone systems or be incorporated within other processing equipment. For example, a macro defect detection system in accord with the present invention can be advantageously incorporated within a photolithography tool to detect the presence of a photoresist coating prior to exposure.
Finally, it will be realized that embodiments of the present invention described herein enable an automated macro defect detection method and apparatus therefor. In addition, it will be realized that the methods and apparatus described eliminate the uncertainties and subjectivity of manual (human) inspection for macro defects by using various automated image processing steps that advantageously reduce or eliminate false defect detection of the prior art GTC method due to light and color variations and diffraction effects.
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Baldwinsville Youth Soccer Association hosted a soccer camp for players ages 4-13 at Spence Field in Lysander Park the week of July 19-23.
BYSA partnered with Midwest Soccer Academy to operate the camp. MSA brought in two English soccer coaches, Jonty Loukes, originally from Sheffield, England and Tom Hill of Leeds, England to run the camp, assisted by BYSA's own Annie Simmonds.
Twenty-five players participated in the week-long program.
"For our first-ever summer camp, we are thrilled with the results," confirmed Hugh Goodridge, President of BYSA.
There was an almost even mix of younger players in the half-day session and more experienced players in the full-day session. Players had of fun while learning valuable soccer skills.
Many parents inquired as to whether BYSA would run a similar camp again next year.
"We've had extremely positive feedback from both players and their parents," said Pete Simmonds, publicity director at BYSA. "Based on our experience this year, we certainly would be interested in offering a camp again next summer."
BYSA is entering its 16th season of operation and is one of NY State's largest youth soccer programs, with almost 1,000 players per year. For the fourth consecutive year, BYSA is holding online registration fees for $75 per player.
BYSA is preparing to launch the 2010-2011 season with the annual coaches meeting on Wednesday, August 11 and coaching clinics on Monday, August 16 and Thursday, August 19. Team practices start the week of August 30.
Pete Simmonds
English Coaches Tom Hill (on left, in orange) and Jonty Loukes (right, in orange) and BYSA's Annie Simmonds instruct players during BYSA's Summer Soccer Camp in July.
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"When I first started thinking about philanthropy, I looked back and studied what some of the foundations had done over history, and looked at what kind of things could really make a difference, what kind of things could have a very dramatic impact. And one of the first causes I got attracted to was the issue of population growth, making sure that families had the information to decide exactly how many children they want to have, and with the goal there that if population growth is lower than it would be otherwise, the follow-on effect of that in terms of being able to have resources for education, for the environment, for every element of quality of life that you can imagine, that that would be a fundamentally advantageous thing." Digital Dividends Conference, Seattle, Oct. 18, 2000.
-- "So partly the reason the U.S. has the leadership we have today is that about 20 years ago, we had a high degree of humility. That is, we looked at Japan and sort of said, 'Wow, is their model superior, is there something about our model that could be strong.' And all these great things benefited from that approach. If during this period we don't retain at least some of that humility and look at what other countries are doing and learn from them, then our relative dominance will shrink faster than it should." Digital Dividends Conference, Seattle, Oct. 18, 2000.
-- "Until we're educating every kid in a fantastic way, until every inner city is cleaned up, there is no shortage of things to do." 1994 Playboy interview.
-- "Yesterday, one of my fine competitors, Scott McNealy, was here talking about the ring market, digital rings. And everybody always says Microsoft is trying to do everything. So I think it's important to state that this is one market that Microsoft will not be involved in." Consumer Electronics Show, Las Vegas, Jan. 10, 1998.
-- "The whole PC industry has come together around this launch. Windows XP is the most powerful, fastest, most reliable operating system we have ever done. We've poured literally billions of dollars of development into this new product. That was based on the feedback we had from our users, based on a vision of new activities that the PC could enable. The new security is very important. The privacy control is important. The messaging for real-time connections is a foundation. The new personal digital experiences; really we'll look back and say it's common sense, these are the ways that people deal with information. Together with Office XP, Windows XP will set a new standard for business." Windows XP Launch, Oct. 25, 2001, New York City.
-- "We are living in a phenomenal age. If we can spend the early decades of the 21st century finding approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits and recognition for business, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce poverty in the world. The task is open-ended. It will never be finished. But a passionate effort to answer this challenge will help change the world. I'm excited to be part of it." World Economic Forum, Jan. 24, 2008, Davos, Switzerland.


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YIELD: Makes 2 servings
ACTIVE TIME: 25 minutes
TOTAL TIME: 25 minutes
Cut tenderloin crosswise into 6 slices. Using meat mallet, pound medallions between 2 sheets of plastic wrap to 1/2-inch thickness. Sprinkle with salt, pepper, and five-spice powder.
Heat oil in large skillet over high heat. Add pork; cook until brown and cooked through, about 3 minutes per side. Transfer to platter. Add next 3 ingredients to skillet. Boil until reduced to scant 1/4 cup, about 2 minutes. Pour sauce over pork; sprinkle with green onion.
One serving contains the following: 370.01 Calories (kcal), 41.9 % Calories from Fat, 17.34 g Fat, 4.13 g Saturated Fat, 118.19 mg Cholesterol, 13.94 g Carbohydrates, 0.25 g Dietary Fiber, 11.55 g Total Sugars, 13.69 g Net Carbs, 37.36 g Protein
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I am interested in how marine microbes interact with one another and their environment, the chemical reactions that mediate such interactions and the resulting impact on global elemental cycles. My Ph.D. research focused on the impact of virus infections on intact, infected eukaryotic marine microbes and included bioinformatic and flow-cytometric screening for persistent (cryptic) infections. I also took part in a collaborative project aimed at quantifying virus-induced biochemical alterations of host cells and the resultant impact on copepod grazing. In August 2014 I joined the Sullivan Lab as a postdoctoral researcher, where I am developing experimental methodology to quantify the role of marine viruses in trophic transfer of carbon.
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The Spontex microfibre string mop is ideal for cleaning laminate or tiled floors. This mop has thousands of highly absorbent fibres in the head that increase contact with the floor to effectively clean it without the use of cleaning chemicals. The string mop can be used on wet or dry floors, and features a telescopic handle for adjustable length and easy storage.
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J. C. Penney Corporation, Inc. Privacy Policy (rev. 10/08/14)
The following Privacy Policy applies to information collected by J. C. Penney Corporation, Inc., its subsidiaries and affiliates ("JCPenney") in the United States and Puerto Rico at JCPenney's retail stores and through our websites and mobile applications. .
See "Changes To This Policy" for a description of the most recent revisions.
table of contents
We collect information from various sources, including from you, your transactions, your visits to our stores or websites, or your use of our mobile applications or in-store guest Wi-Fi service. We may also obtain information about you from third party sources.
information you provide - When you interact with JCPenney, we collect information, including personal information, from you. Personal information is information that identifies you, for example, your name, physical and email addresses, telephone numbers, and your credit/debit card number, or driver's license number. Examples of such interactions are:
information from other sources - We may receive information about you from other sources and third parties. For example, if you have a JCPenney Credit Card, we receive application and account information from the credit card issuing bank. We also obtain data from third party parties to improve the accuracy of and add to what we know about our customers. This may improve the relevance of the offers or product recommendations we provide you or enhance our ability to contact you. For example, we may work with other websites and services to present advertising to groups of our customers when they visit those sites. Non-personal data received by us from this process is used to analyze the effectiveness of such advertising.
We may also collect data that is publicly available. For example, information you submit in a public forum (e.g. a blog, chat room or social network) can be read, collected or used by us or others, and could be used to personalize your experience. You are responsible for the information you submit in those instances.
automated information collection - When you visit our websites, use our mobile applications, or use our in-store guest Wi-Fi service, information is collected automatically.
our websites - For example, we automatically collect such data as internet protocol (IP) address, device operating system and browser type, the address of the website you are coming from, if any, and the path you take through our website (e.g. the pages you look at and the items you click on).
our mobile application - Automatically collected information includes, for example, the type of mobile device, operating system, and browser being used, the connection speed, any unique identifier assigned by us, the device manufacturer or your internet service provider for your device, the IP address of your device, time stamps, bar code or other information if you use the scanning feature, and information about the way you use our mobile applications.
in-store guest Wi-Fi service - We may make guest Wi-Fi service available to visitors to JCPenney stores. Some examples of information collected automatically in connection with that services, are:
cookies - We or our service providers use "cookies" to recognize you as you use or return to our websites. We or our service providers also may use "web beacons", which allow us or them to know if a certain page was visited, an email was opened, or if ads on our website or other sites were effective. For more information, see the "cookies and other technologies" section below.
precise location information - Our mobile applications collect precise, real-time information about the location of your device. You must first provide permission through your device before our mobile applications obtain such information from technologies such as GPS, Wi-Fi, or cell tower triangulation (or a combination of these technologies). We and our service providers may use this information to provide location-based services such as "store locator" or "find item in store." You may opt-out from further allowing one of our mobile applications to have access to your location data by adjusting the permissions in your mobile device.
Also, when you use the guest Wi-Fi service in our stores, we collect precise, real-time information about the location of your device. If you do not wish this to occur, please refrain from using our in-store guest Wi-Fi service.
in-store cameras -We use in-store cameras for security purposes and operational purposes such as
We use the information we collect to offer and provide our products and services and to carry out various business functions. We may combine or use the services of third party data companies to combine information about you that we collect online, in our stores, through mobile applications and from third party sources. Examples of how that information is used include:
product and service fulfillment
our marketing purposes
internal operations
fraud prevention and legal compliance
JCPenney family - We share information we collect with affiliated companies and licensees (e.g. the optical and photography departments in our stores) within the JCPenney family of businesses.
service providers - We disclose or otherwise make available information we collect with other companies that help with our business operations. Examples include providers of services related to e-mail communications, mobile marketing, analytics, product fulfillment, web hosting, and fraud detection; payment processors; or entities that help us market our products and services. For example, we share information with our international fulfillment service provider, Borderfree, for the purpose of facilitating the sale and fulfillment of online purchases that our customers choose to ship internationally. We also provide information to Synchrony Bank and other service providers in connection with the JCPenney credit programs.
third party marketing - We may provide information about you to third party companies or organizations. These entities may use that information to market their products and services to you. To opt-out of such sharing go to the "your choices regarding the use of information we collect" section of this policy.
registry partners -If you create a gift registry, we will share your event information with our gift registry partners, such as The Knot and The Bump, and your event information will be accessible on our websites, through our mobile applications and in our stores.
legal or safety requirements - We may disclose information we collect when we believe disclosure is appropriate to comply with the law; to enforce or apply applicable terms and conditions and other agreements; or to protect the rights, property or safety of our business, our customers or others.
business transfers - If the ownership of JCPenney or all or part of a business within the JCPenney Family were to change, information about customers pertinent to JCPenney or that business's operations would likely be transferred to, or licensed for use by, the new owner. The applicable member of the JCPenney Family might also retain a copy of that information.
sharing aggregate Information -We may share aggregate information (information that does not directly identify any individual) with third parties for lawful purposes.
cookies - We and our service providers use "cookies" to collect and analyze information about your browsing and buying activity on our site (whether through the Internet or mobile applications). For instance, the data stored in cookies allows us and our service providers to understand how you clicked to our site and what pages you click on during your visit to our site, as well as how you use our mobile applications. Knowing how you prefer to shop allows us to improve your shopping experience.
A cookie is a small data file stored by your web browser on your computer or device. When you arrive atour website, cookies allow us or our services providers to recognize you by an identification number in the cookie.
Accepting cookies through your web browser is your personal choice. If you use the privacy settings on your web browser to disable cookies, you can still browse our websites, but you may not have as exceptional a shopping experience as one that is specifically tailored to your needs. However, if you block cookies you will not be able to make a purchase on our websites.
web beacons - A "web beacon" (also called a pixel tag or a clear gif) is a tiny graphic image placed on website pages and in emails, advertising and other marketing communications that allows us and our service providers to determine whether you have performed specific actions. When you access those pages or open email messages, or click on advertising, the web beacons generate a notice of that action to us, or our service providers. That information is used to analyze what our visitors like to do on our site or mobile applications, and the effectiveness of our features and advertising, as well as interactions with our e-mail and advertising.
flash cookies – AFlash cookie (also known as a Local Shared Object) is a data file stored on your computer by the websites you visit using Adobe Flash technology, and is persistent (i.e. it does not go away when you exit your browser). We or our serviceproviders may use Flash cookies to enable or control Flash-based content and for other uses similar to those provided by the cookies discussed earlier in this section. Flash cookies are different from browser cookies. You can manage the use of Flash cookies via the Settings Manager on Adobe's website at http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/disable-local-shared-objects-flash.html. You may also be able to manage them through your browser, depending on the version of the browser.
analytics services- JCPenney uses third party analytics companies, such as IBM Digital Analytics, Google Analytics and Convertro, on its websites and mobile applications. These companies collect and analyze information about how people use the websites and applications, including information about browsing and buying activities. To perform some of these services, they may collect and use information from first- and third-party cookies. In addition, analytics companies, such as Google Analytics and Adobe Analytics, also provide services that analyze information regarding visits to certain portions of jcpenney.com that are operated for JCPenney by third parties, such as our Sports Fan Shop, Bali and Levolor blinds and shades pages, and personalized jewelry pages. They use cookies and web beacons to collect this information
total opt-out. Your data is not collected by IBM Digital Analytics data collection front-end servers, and consequently is not included in IBM Digital Analytics reporting.To opt-out, click here.
cancel opt-out setting will again allow IBM Digital Analytics to capture all web actions, and includes the data collected in IBM Digital Analytics reporting. To cancel opt-out, click here.
Click here to view your current IBM Digital Analytics opt-out status
Please note that your opt-out status may be maintained by placement of an "opt-out" cookie on your device. If the cookie is removed or deleted, or you upgrade to a new version of your browser, change browsers or visit us from a different device, you will need to repeat this process to indicate your preference.
technology used to serve advertising: We use third-party advertising companies to serve ads (e.g. banners or links) tailored to your individual interests based on how you browse and shop on jcpenney.com and other sites over time, and to perform tracking and reporting functions with respect to our ads. We also allow third-party companies to collect certain information when you visit our site and to use that information to serve ads for JCPenney products or services, or the products or services of other companies when you visit our site or other sites. For instance, we and third-party vendors, such as Google, use first- and third-party cookies, pixel tags and other technologies to inform, optimize and serve ads based upon a user's past visits to our website and to report upon how our ad impressions and other ad services are related to jcpenney.com. We may combine and associate the information we collect through these technologies with other information we have collected from and about you. This collective information may be used, among other things, for interest-based advertising (also called "online behavioral advertising") in order to personalize your online experience, improve our website, evaluate the effectiveness of our advertising, and to tailor our marketing to you.
At this time, we do not respond to browser "do not track" signals, but we do provide you the option to opt-out of interest-based advertising, as well as the other choices described in the "your choices" section of this policy.
To learn more about interest-based advertising and how to "opt-out" of interest based advertising programs from participating companies, please go to the Network Advertising Initiative website at http://www.networkadvertising.org/managing/opt_out.asp or the Digital Advertising Alliance website at http://www.aboutads.info/. Please note that the opt-outs you make on one or both of those websites only apply to the receipt of interest-based advertising from participating companies. You may still receive other types of online advertising from participating companies, and the websites you visit may still collect information for other purposes. Also, your opt-out status may be maintained by placement of an "opt-out" cookie on your computer. If the cookie is removed or deleted, or you upgrade to a new version of your browser, change browsers or visit us from a different computer or device, you will need to repeat this process to indicate your opt-out preference.
|safeguarding the information we collect
We have physical, technical and procedural safeguards in place to protect the personal information we collect. Also we use Secure Socket Layering (SSL) technology to encrypt your credit or debit card information, including the account number, while it is transmitted over the Internet from your computer. SSL is an industry standard technology for secure online transactions.
|your choices regarding the use of the information we collect
postal mail
If you do not want to receive coupons and other promotional mail from JCPenney, you may:
If you are currently receiving promotional email offers and updates from JCPenney, you may unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe hyperlink contained in our promotional emails. If you have registered on jcpenney.com, you can cancel your email subscription through your account. You may also:
Please note that even if you unsubscribe from promotional email offers and updates, we may still contact you by email for transactional purposes. Some examples are communications regarding your order status, JCPenney Rewards if you are a member, customer service inquiries, service or reminder notices, and recalls.
mobile marketing messages
If you are currently receiving marketing text messages from JCPenney, you may tell us to stop sending them by using the opt-out functionality contained in the next marketing text message you receive. After we receive your opt-out, we will send you a final text message to confirm the opt-out.
sharing with other companiesfor their marketing purposesIf you prefer that we:
Please let us know by:
If you prefer that we:
Please let us know by:
notice to California residents - your California privacy rights
Under California law, a California resident with whom JCPenney has an established relationship has the right to request certain information with respect to the types of personal information JCPenney has shared with third parties for their direct marketing purposes, and the identities of those third parties, within the immediately preceding calendar year, subject to certain exceptions. All requests for such information must be in writing and sent to: J. C. Penney Corporation, Inc., P.O. Box 10001, Dallas, TX 75301. Attention: Corporate Customer Relations.
This same California law permits JCPenney to provide you, in response to your written request, with a cost-free means to choose not to have your information shared rather than providing the above described information. You may exercise that choice by any of the means described under "sharing with other companies with their marketing purposes".
updating your JCPenney contact information
If you have created a jcpenney.com account, a gift registry or a jcpenneyrewards.com account/profile, you can update your information by signing back into your account or registry. You can also update or correct your name, address, telephone number, or email address by:
your JCPenney credit card account
If you have an account under one of the JCPenney credit programs from Synchrony Bank, a separate privacy policy applies to each program. The privacy policy describes Synchrony Bank's collection, use, and protection of information about you and your JCPenney credit account. To obtain Synchrony Bank's privacy policy for your JCPenney credit account, you may:
You can update or correct your name, address, or telephone number for your JCPenney credit account, or check the status of your account by:
If unauthorized charges (as determined by your card issuer) are made on your credit or debit card as a result of purchases made on jcp.com utilizing our secure servers, JCPenney will reimburse you for up to $50 of any amounts you are required to pay by the card issuer. Also, under the Fair Credit Billing Act, your credit card provider cannot hold you liable for more than $50 of unauthorized charges on a credit card. Your liability for unauthorized use of a debit card may be higher, but many debit card issuers voluntarily apply the $50 limit to their cards as well.
We do not knowingly collect personally identifiable information from children under the age of 13 through our websites or mobile applications
links to other sites and social media widgets
You may link to other sites from our websites. Those sites have their own policies regarding privacy. When you provide personal information at one of those sites, you are subject to the site operator's privacy policy, not the JCPenney privacy policy. We encourage you to read that policy before submitting any personal information.
Our websites and our mobile applications include social media features, for example the Facebook Like button, and Facebook, Google Plus, Interest, and Twitter widgets. Social media features or widgets are either hosted by a third party or hosted directly on our site. Your interactions with those features are governed by the privacy policies of the companies that provide them.
JCPenney has contracted with Borderfree, Inc. ("Borderfree") to facilitate the sale and fulfillment of online purchases that our customers choose to ship internationally (an "international order").
When you place an international order, you will submit personal information (e.g. your name, email address, billing address, and shipping address) and other order-related information to JCPenney through and to servers located in the United States. If you also choose to create a jcpenney.com account, any personal information you provide will also be transferred to JCPenney through and to servers located in the United States. Please note that United States law may not provide a level of data protection equivalent to the laws in your home country. This privacy policy applies to any personal information you furnish JCPenney in connection with international orders, your jcpenney.com account or otherwise.
JCPenney will then share your international order information, including personal information about you, with Borderfree for the purpose of facilitating ordering and shipping internationally. Borderfree will process personal information about you in accordance with its privacy policy. Borderfree has agreed not to sell, transfer, or otherwise use your information other than for processing international orders and shipments.
By placing an international order, you acknowledge and agree that jcp will transfer personal information about you to Borderfree, and acknowledge that your financial transaction and shipment will be processed by Borderfree. During the checkout process, you will be presented with Borderfree's terms and conditions and privacy policy. You must agree to them to receive the product(s) you ordered.
Once your order is approved, JCPenney will ship it to Borderfree. Simultaneously, Borderfree will purchase the product(s) you ordered from us, which allows them to take title to the product(s), bill your credit card, collect and remit any duties and taxes to the appropriate taxing authorities and arrange for the product(s) to be delivered to you. In this process, Borderfree makes the sale to you as the merchant of record.
Customers shipping internationally should email us at email@example.com if they wish to:
|changes to this policy
This policy was last updated on August 1, 2014 and October 8, 2014.
The August 1, 2014 revision updated the references to GE Capital Retail Bank to use its current name, Synchrony Bank.
The October 8, 2014 revision included the following changes:
We may change our privacy policy from time to time. If we change our privacy policy in the future, we will let you know by posting the updated policy at this website. We encourage you to check our policyperiodically. You can tell if it has changed by checking the revision date that appears at the beginning of the policy. If you would like further information, or have any questions about our privacy policy, please:


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Skylight presents intimate take on 'Porgy & Bess'
In the summer of 1926, George Gershwin returned home from rehearsals for a new musical. Wired and needing to clear his head, he picked up a recent bestselling novel as bedtime reading. He didn't put it down until he had finished it the following morning. The novel was DuBose Heyward's "Porgy."
In "The Life and Times of Porgy and Bess: The Story of an American Classic," Hollis Alpert describes what happened next: Gershwin was so excited "by the story and its author's apparent musical sensitivity" that he immediately wrote Heyward and suggested they collaborate on an opera. Nine years later, it made a now-legendary Broadway debut as "Porgy and Bess." »Read Full Article(1)
MSO closes curtain on Couture move
The Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra is no longer considering a possible relocation from the Marcus Center to the Couture hotel and apartment high-rise planned for downtown Milwaukee's lakefront.
The orchestra's discussions about the Couture were characterized in May as "super duper preliminary" by Mark Niehaus, MSO president and executive director. »Read Full Article(3)
Metallica member in Milwaukee Sept. 26 to promote band documentary
Kirk Hammett, lead guitarist and songwriter with the band Metallica, will be attending a showing of the documentary concert film "Metallica Through the Never" at 10 p.m. Thursday at the AMC Mayfair.
The film, by "Kontroll" director Nimrod Antal, is being shown in IMAX 3-D. »Read Full Blog Post(1)
Cage the Elephant playing free Rave show
Garage rock band Cage the Elephant is doing double duty when its in Milwaukee Sept. 29.
The Kentucky band was already confirmed to play a free show at the Exclusive Company, 1669 N. Farwell Ave., at 7 p.m. Now comes news that it will also be playing a free show at the Rave Sunday. »Read Full Article
Cher coming to BMO Harris Bradley Center June 6
Pop superstar Cher is coming back to Milwaukee for the first time in 11 years. The so-called Goddess of Pop will perform at the BMO Harris Bradley Center June 6.
The 67-year-old Grammy, Oscar and Emmy winner is suiting up for the "Dressed to Kill" tour, her first time on the road since an alleged "farewell" tour from 2002 to 2005, which stopped at the Bradley Center twice, on July 13, 2002, and on Aug. 16, 2003. The Milwaukee dates alone grossed $1.6 million in ticket sales, according to Billboard, and the tour was one of the highest-grossing ever by a female solo artist, with north of 600 shows performed in front of nearly 6 million fans, grossing $394 million according to the Guiness Book of World Records. »Read Full Article(17)
'Detective's Wife' plumbs more than one mystery
Why do we read mysteries?
Alice Conroy — lone character in Keith Huff's "The Detective's Wife," which opened over the weekend at the Milwaukee Chamber Theatre, under Jim Tasse's direction — suggests that mysteries' often formulaic solutions help distract us from those larger existential quandaries we can't even face, let alone solve. »Read Full Article
Monday through Sunday, a parade of authors visiting this week
Local readers can see and hear at least one author every day this week, including several prize-winning fiction writers. It's not an official literary festival, but it might as well be.
Unless otherwise noted, these events take place at Boswell Book Company, 2559 N. Downer Ave. »Read Full Blog Post
Miley Cyrus rides 'Wrecking Ball' to No. 1
Riding in on her hit song's namesake, Miley Cyrus bounced from deep in the charts to attain her first career number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Watch that song's eye-catching music video below and then step into the wayback machine to see the biggest hits from this week in 2004, 1994, 1984 and 1974.
No. 1 hit Sept. 23, 2013 »Read Full Blog Post(1)
On Tap for Today: Milwaukee fashion, author visit and Physical Theatre
The weekends go by so quickly. Here we are again at Monday.
The difference is, this is a good-looking Monday. See for yourself. »Read Full Blog Post


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Discount, Womens Cheap Hoodies & Hooded SweatshirtsThe-House.com has a humongous selection of Women's Hooded Sweatshirts / Hoodies on sale. From classy and chic to fun and flirty, the perfect sweater or hoodie for you is here. Shop brands like Arbor, Gravis, DC, Roxy, Volcom and more. Check out our selection of discount Hooded Sweatshirts / Hoodies with savings up to 70%. Orders shipped within 24 hours.
2 Discount Sweatshirts / Hoodies More in the Main Store.
- Price: => 60.00
Size: Medium
Reg: $97.95 On Sale: $63.95
Size: X-Small, Small, Medium, Large
Reg: $120.00 On Sale: $77.95


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Facing the Atlantic Ocean, Sheraton La Caleta features 3 outdoor pools, 4 restaurants, spa and kids club. The combination of its unique natural surroundings, year-round springtime weather and an exceptional location in the most southern point of Europe makes Sheraton La Caleta the perfect setting for your next get away. Select from our tailor made special packages your preferred holiday.
Earn 1,000 bonus Starpoints® on weekend stays this summer.
Register by August 15, 2015, and earn through August 31, 2015.
More luxury, more space to relax ... 20 suites with maximum comfort, huge pricate terraces with spectacular sea views and our well known Sheraton Sweet Sleeper (SM) Beds.
Take advantage now of our packages and special promotions:
Best suites available rate
Local experience package
Discount offer
Have fun with your family with this special family package to enjoy with your loved ones.
For stays between 10 April, 2015 and 15 October, 2015:
Rates from €390
Enjoy double Starpoints® on the house.
Discover delicious dining in and around your city with SPG® and double up on Starpoints® and more from May through July.
Experience romance with Sheraton:
Rates from € 160
Make your holidays an enduring experience with this half board package for Canarian Residents and take advantage advantage of unique experiences like evening themed dinners or amazing buffet breakfast:
Choose this promotion with any of the following two offers:
Breakfast included from € 120
Half board plan from € 170
At Sheraton La Caleta we want to offer you different options so that you get to choose what you really want
Rates from €214 per room per night
Book in advance and save
Experience the wonders of Asia in this oriental package and give your holidays an exotic touch (minimum 7 nights stay):
Rates from € 160 per room per night
Book in advance and save
Feel the volcanic essence of the island while relaxing at our Spa Eutonos. 1800 m2 of premium spa facilities at your disposal
Rates from € 160 per room per night
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Come and Celebrate Love! Sheraton La Caleta Honeymoon's are our best. Come to relax and to live romance together under the Canarian sun all year round. This 7 night package is perfect for your new start, where you can combine spa treatments and lovely sharing moments:
Rates from € 150 per room per night
Book in advance and save
Book now here and you will find the best rate guaranteed. If you do find a lower rate, we´ll honor that rate plus give you additional 20% discount or 2,000 Starpoints®. Guaranteed.


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Air Quality
Program Makes Greener School Buses Via Retrofitting
As school buses take kids to school this fall, they'll also be doing the environment a favor. As part of the Project Green Fleet program, more than 3,200 buses have been retrofitted to help reduce diesel emissions, according to Mike Harley of Environmental Initiative.
MPCA Issues Air Pollution Alert, Advisory
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has issued an air pollution health alert for western Minnesota effective through noon on Friday. The agency says a strong temperature inversion, snow melt and fog are trapping fine-particle pollution near the surface, causing unhealthy levels for sensitive groups. An air pollution health advisory has also been issued for the southern half of Minnesota — including the Twin Cities and Rochester — beginning Thursday evening and extending into Friday morning. Fine-particle concentrations are expected to increase and may reach unhealthy levels for sensitive groups for short periods.
Smoke From Canadian Wildfires Affects Minnesota
Smoke from Canadian wildfires is affecting air quality across Minnesota. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency says monitors across the state are measuring elevated levels of fine particle pollution. Satellite imagery indicates the Canadian smoke is blanketing much of Minnesota.
MPCA Updates Air Quality Index Site
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency is making it easier to keep tabs on changing air quality conditions. The MPCA has finished a major upgrade of its Air Quality Index website and it's ready for the summer recreation season.
Report: Twin Cities Air Getting Dirtier
The American Lung Association is out with its "State of the Air" report for cities across the country, and the grade given to one Twin Cities county could take your breath away.
4 Minn. Companies Pay $55K For Air-Quality Issues
State pollution officials say the owners and operators of the St. Paul District Heating operation have paid a civil penalty of $55,000 to resolve allegations of air-quality violations.
Minnesota Air Quality Scores Decline
The American Lung Association State of the Air report gives A,B, C, D, and F grades for air quality in 18 Minnesota counties.
MPCA Cites Air Violations At Sugar Beet Plant
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has assessed a sugar beet plant a $50,400 civil penalty for air quality and storage tank violations.


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Double Rm in chilled house, furnished, all bills included. DG, CH, 40Meg BB, garden, laundry, shed
This is a chilled house, with communal TV and dining area. We are looking for similar, preferably working professional or someone on secondment / work placement to JLR/Gamesmaster or similar. The house is 3 bed semi with big rooms and very warm. S
- Date available: 11 Jul 2015
- House


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Opening the 2014 Section 7AA Team tourney at home Oct. 6, the No. 5 seed Cambridge-Isanti girls tennis crew swept No. 12 Hibbing 7-0. "The girls really played excellent tennis, winning all matches in straight sets. It was a great final memory for our home courts this season," noted C-I Coach Lee...Read More
cambridge-isanti girls tennis
SPORTS ROUND-UP: On a sunny and mild Oct. 10, the Cambridge-Isanti girls tennis squad wrapped up its season when the 7AA South Singles and Doubles tournament was hosted at Princeton. Jade Newman, seeded 5th in singles, began the morning with a 6-3, 6-2 win over Forest Lake's Tilton. Chisago Lake...Read More
SPORTS ROUND-UP: The Cambridge-Isanti soccer squads closed the regular season last week and are ready to take on the physical play of Section 7AA teams when the playoffs begin this week. The Bluejacket boys were seeded 5th, and they will open on the road at No. 4 Centennial (8-5-2) for the Oct. 10...Read More
Cambridge-Isanti earned a huge 4-3 win over Rogers Sept. 26 to close out the Mississippi 8 regular season. Taking their singles matches were Jade Newman (6-4, 7-5), Kate Hanson (6-1, 4-6, 6-3) and Nikki Hallstrom (6-1, 6-2). Adding the final point at 2nd Doubles were Emily Baker & Jade Lamb (6-4...Read More
Swinging well across the lineup, the Cambridge-Isanti girls tennis squad earned its fourth Mississippi 8 victory on the season with a 7-0 sweep of North Branch Sept. 19. "This was our seventh 7-0 victory this season. Through the North Branch match, we have outscored our opponents 78-27," noted C...Read More
SPORTS ROUND-UP: The Cambridge-Isanti girls tennis squad swept its two matches to win its own Bluejacket Triangular on Saturday. The Jackets opened with a 4-3 win over Anoka, stacking up singles wins from Jade Newman (6-0, 6-0), Nikki Hallstrom (6-1, 6-1) and Karley Kirkhoff (6-4, 6-2). Adding...Read More
SPORTS ROUND-UP: In Mississippi 8 volleyball action Sept. 5, Cambridge-Isanti knocked off host St. Francis in four games: 25-18, 24-26, 29-27, 25-20. The Saints were the Section 7AAA runners-up last season. Claire Sheehan led at the net with 23 kills and 2 blocks. Korbyn Felde added 12 kills and 2...Read More
SPORTS ROUND-UP: Cambridge-Isanti picked up its fifth win of the season by tipping Becker 4-3 in the Aug. 29 meeting between former Mississippi 8 partners. The Bluejackets swept the singles matches for the needed points, getting wins from Jade Newman (6-1, 7-5), Kate Hanson (6-1, 6-1), Nikki Halls...Read More


text: This Awesome App Helps You Add "Civic Bling" to Your Street 1 Alissa Walker and 9 othersEditDelete Invite manuallyPromoteXDismissXUndismissBlock for gizmodoHide Bike lanes are cool and all, but haven't you always thought that what your neighborhood really needs is some bedazzled water fountains? You can pimp your block with Blockee, a tool designed by several Code for America fellows. » 10/15/13 2:20pm 10/15/13 2:20pm


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Asked by search4life7 2 years ago
2 answers
I am starting a new career in traditional massage and wanted to start by learning Chavutti Thirumal. Can anyone suggest a teacher based in India and approximately how much training will cost?
Thai Massage, Chavutti Thirumal Massage
Thanks for answering - your answer appears below
eastvows 2 years ago
Helen Noakes is a fantastic teacher based in Goa her website is http://www.helennoakes.net
Lesley Campbell
East Vows Complementary Health
Sources: http://www.helennoakes.net/
EasternCalm 2 years ago
I am not sure off the top of my head, but if you contact Narendra Mehta or his wife at the London school of Indian Champissage Im sure he will have some excellent ideas. If you google the school you will find all their contact details.


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Der Regisseur Oliver Hirschbiegel erhielt für seinen Film Elser den Friedenspreis des Deutschen Films ? ?Die Brücke?. more
Blumenberg had just picked up a new cassette to put into the recorder when he looked up from his desk and saw it. Big, yellow, breathing; indubitably a lion. The lion was looking over at him, it was looking at him from the reclining position, because the lion was ...
* You must fill out the 'From' and 'To' fields.
Your email address and the receiver's email address are only stored for the delivery process and to inform the receiver about the sender. In order to prevent abuse of the service, Perlentaucher Medien GmbH will store the ip-address from every sender for three months. In the event a third party can prove that its rights have been violated by the mailing of an article in conjunction with this service, Perlentaucher Medien GmbH will release the identification data for legal prosecution.


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Red Carpet Night Party Planner
And the winner is… you, sister! OK, so we can't give you a limo, fierce Versace gown and personal assistant to hold your umbrella (natch). But with our glitzy guide to throwing the perfect red-carpet themed party, you'll definitely feel like a star. Celeb-worthy recipes? Check. Glamtastic décor? Check. Mocktails worthy of a slur-free acceptance speech? Check, check. Trust us. Your guests will like you. They'll really like you!
contents 19 10 13 17 Red Carpet Party Planner Edition cookbooks P For Your Grand Entrance: The Previews: 9 Homemade Beauty tReatments GraPefruit faCe Wash ChoColate foot treatment lemon olive oil hand soak avoCado faCe mask GraPefruit salt sCrub 13 moCktails red CarPet fizz florida Citrus honey lime homemade soda Golden Globe moCktail blood oranGe bubbler | 1 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks P 20 26 The Main Attractions: Cookbook by Courtney dial 14 20 The After Party: 17 19 Canap�s smoked salmon and Caviar Crostini sanibel sunshine aPPetizer CaPrese CanaP�s GraPefruit salsa filet miGnon bites florida Citrus roCk shrimP CeviChe lobster brioChe rolls Carmelized fruit Platter almond Crusted ChiCken With GraPefruit basil salad 23 25 desseRts Golden Globe truffles mini blaCk bottom CheeseCakes GraPefruit CuPCakes With Chai iCinG GraPefruit and yoGurt PoPs red velvet shooters ChoColate Covered straWberry bar mini Pear tarts SHEKNOWS holiday Party Planner edition | 2 | | 3 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 4 | | 5 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 6 | | 7 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 8 | P Homemade Beauty Treatments Grapefruit Face Wash Grind half of one grapefruit in the blender (peel included), with some sugar and a splash of milk. Warm the blended mixture in the microwave, using a microwave-safe bowl, just until warm. stir until thickened. spread the mixture over your face, lightly rubbing the sugar into your skin until it dissolves. Rinse. QuiCk tip: Reach for grapefruit segments as a topping for cereal, waffles, pancakes or low-fat yogurt. Chocolate Foot treatment milk's lactic acid is known for its softening powers, so mix it with decadent chocolate and your toes will be ready to strut the red carpet in your sassy stilettos. Large bowl 1 gallon whole milk 1/2 cup cocoa powder Cream or lotion Towels directions heat milk in a large pot over medium heat; stir in cocoa powder until smooth. at a comfortable temperature, pour cocoa mixture into a heat-safe, large bowl. Gently relax feet into chocolate treatment and enjoy for 15 to 30 minutes. enjoy while sipping a dark chocolate martini! lemon olive oil Hand soak 4 tablespoons lemon juice 3 tablespoons warm water 4 tablespoons olive oil directions mix ingredients in a medium bowl and let your hands relax! soak for 10 to15 minutes. the lemon juice will naturally whiten your nails and the olive oil will leave them silky smooth! | 9 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks avocado Face mask 1/2 ripe avocado 2 ounces ruby red grapefruit juice 1 teaspoon pure honey 1 teaspoon molasses directions mix all ingredients in a blender, or by hand with a whisk. if the mixture is too thick, add additional grapefruit juice. use your hands or a makeup sponge to apply mixture to face and neck; using your fingers, gently massage the mixture into your skin; leave mixture on for 15 to 20 minutes and gently remove with warm water; pat dry with a washcloth. QuiCk tip: pick up some inexpensive miniature glass bottles at the craft store and fill with pre-made avocado face masks for the swag bags. Grapefruit salt scrub try this fragrant body scrub for the winter months. this scrub keeps in the fridge for up to 3 weeks. 1 tablespoon Florida grapefruit zest 1 cup almond or sesame oil 1/2 cup kosher salt 1 tablespoon grated fresh ginger directions stir all ingredients together and store in an air-tight container. (avoid using body scrub on face or freshly shaven legs.) makes 1-1/2 Cups SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 10 | | 11 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Blood Orange Bubbler Golden Globe Mocktail Red Carpet Fizz Florida Citrus Honey Lime Homemade Soda Who wants to give a slurred acceptance speech? mocktails, or alcohol-free beverages, are a safe yet delicious alternative to traditional alcoholic cocktails. QuiCk tip: SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 12 | sips & Mocktails P QuiCk tip: Have your guests deliver a show-stopping acceptance speech during mocktail hour! Give each guest a card with the name of a famous celebrity that he or she must impersonate during his or her speech. Florida Citrus Honey lime Homemade soda 2 cups Florida grapefruit juice 2 cups Florida orange juice 3 cups water 1/4 cup honey 2 tablespoons lime juice Lime, sliced note: soda canister and cartridges available at specialty kitchen or houseware stores. directions Combine ingredients and mix thoroughly. Place in a soda canister and charge with 2 soda cartridges. Chill canister in refrigerator for 1 hour. Pour soda from canister into a pitcher or large glass bottle. Pour into tall glasses with ice; garnish with lime slices. makes 6 seRvinGs Red Carpet Fizz 1/2 part pomegranate juice 1/2 part orange soda Fresh raspberries Sparkling cider directions Place a raspberry in the bottom of a champagne flute; add pomegranate juice and orange soda; fill with sparkling cider; and, top with additional raspberries for garnish! | 13 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Golden Globe mocktail 3 parts sparkling cider 1 part passionfruit juice Mint sprigs for garnish directions fill cocktail glasses with passionfruit juice; continue to fill glasses with sparkling cider; and, garnish with a mint sprig. Rim your cocktail glasses with edible gold dust (found in the baking aisle). Can't find edible gold dust? no problem, just add a drop of yellow food coloring to crystallized sugar. QuiCk tip: Blood orange Bubbler 2 parts chilled sparkling cider 1 part blood orange juice directions fill champagne flutes 1/4 full with blood orange juice; fill to the top with sparkling cider; then, garnish with a slice of blood orange. SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 14 | | 15 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks u did yo? W knod canap� is r ." the wo "couch nch for Fre Caprese Canap�s Smoked Salmon and Caviar Crostini Sanibel Sunshine Appetizer Grapefruit Salsa Filet Mignon Bites Florida Citrus Rock Shrimp Ceviche Lobster Brioche Rolls Carmelized Fruit Platter Almond Crusted Chicken with Grapefruit Basil Salad QuiCk tip: to make any of these dishes into a one-bite appetizer, simply serve smaller portions on a platter with toothpicks or mini cups for easy serving. SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 16 | P tHe main Attractions smoked salmon and Caviar Crostini 24 thin bread rounds, cut from a baguette 8 ounces cream cheese 1 teaspoon ground black pepper 1/2 cup finely chopped green onions or scallions 8 ounces thinly sliced smoked salmon 4 teaspoons caviar Dill sprigs for garnish Lemon wedges for garnish Extra-virgin olive oil directions: Preheat oven to 350�f. brush bread rounds with extravirgin olive oil and place oil side up on a baking sheet; bake until golden, about 8 minutes. in a small bowl or food processor, combine cream cheese, ground black pepper, and scallions; when blended well, place a dollop of cream cheese spread on each bread round. Cut salmon slices in thirds and place a bite-sized slice on each dollop. top with caviar, about 1/8 teaspoon per toast, and garnish with fresh dill sprigs and lemon wedges. enjoy! yields 2 dozen CRostini Caviar is not as expensive as one might think. you can buy lumpfish caviar at the grocery store for around $8.99. QuiCk tip: QuiCk tip: use any leftover ingredients to make a tasty, tangy grapefruit-shrimp stir-fry. yum! sanibel sunshine appetizer 4 fresh Florida grapefruit 18 cooked, cleaned shrimp 1 medium avocado, peeled and cut in 1/2-inch cubes 1 cup bottled chili sauce 1/4 cup diced red onion 1/4 cup diced green pepper 1/4 cup sliced celery 1 tablespoon prepared horseradish Lettuce leaves to line grapefruit shells directions Cut each grapefruit in half and remove sections, placing them in a large non-metal mixing bowl. scrape out 6 of the grapefruit halves and set them aside. Cut shrimp in half lengthwise; add shrimp and avocado to grapefruit in bowl. in another bowl, combine chili sauce, onion, green pepper, celery and horseradish. mix well and add to grapefruit mixture; toss gently to combine. line the 6 grapefruit shells with lettuce; divide grapefruit mixture among grapefruit shells. makes 6 seRvinGs | 17 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Caprese Canap�s 12 cherry or heirloom bite-size tomatoes 1 pound fresh mozzarella 20-30 leaves fresh basil Extra-virgin olive oil Ground black pepper directions Cut the mini tomatoes in half and scoop out the seeds (a grapefruit spoon or small melon baller can make this an easy task). Place a small basil leaf (or half a leaf) inside the tomato half; top with small bite-sized piece of mozzarella. drizzle with extra-virgin olive oil and top with fresh ground black pepper. enjoy! yields 24 QuiCk tip: prepare salad dressing with grapefruit juice instead of vinegar for a citrus flavor burst. Grapefruit salsa 1 large Florida grapefruit, peeled, membrane removed, sectioned, chopped 1/2 red bell pepper, minced 2 tablespoons minced red onion 2 tablespoons chopped fresh cilantro leaves 2 tablespoons lime juice, freshly squeezed 1 tablespoon olive oil 1 teaspoon minced jalapeno pepper 1/4 teaspoon ground cardamom directions toss all ingredients together. Cover and chill. serve cold as a side dish to barbecued meat, seafood and nachos. makes 1-1/2 Cups Filet mignon Bites 24 thin bread rounds, cut from a wheat baguette 2 pounds filet mignon 1 cup bourbon 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil 2 tablespoons butter 1 red onion, thinly sliced 2 cups grated Parmesan cheese 2 teaspoons fresh parsley, diced directions in a zipped plastic bag, marinate filet mignon in bourbon for 1 hour. remove beef and saut� in a pan on high heat with olive oil, salt and pepper; heat the filet quickly on all sides and then place in a preheated 375�f oven for 15 to 20 minutes. slice into thin strips; top bread rounds with olive oil and bake in oven at 350 degrees f for 8 to 10 minutes. SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 18 | P tHe main Attractions Florida Citrus Rock shrimp Ceviche 1/2 cup Florida grapefruit segments 2 pounds Florida rock shrimp 1/2 cup Florida orange juice 1/2 cup red onion, small dice 1/2 cup cucumber, cut into 1/2-inch dice 1 avocado, cut into 1/2-inch dice 1/4 cup celery, cut into 1/4-inch dice 4 tablespoons cilantro, chopped, divided 2 tablespoons lemon juice 2 tablespoons lime juice 2 tablespoons olive oil 1 tablespoon jalape�o pepper, minced 1 tablespoon minced ginger 1 teaspoon green jalape�o sauce Salt to taste Pepper to taste directions: Prepare florida orange marinade: Combine orange juice, lemon juice, lime juice, red onion, jalape�o pepper, 2 tablespoons cilantro, ginger and jalape�o sauce in mixing bowl; remove and reserve 1/4 cup marinade. add rock shrimp; cover and refrigerate for 3 to 4 hours, until shrimp is firm and no longer transparent. remove shrimp from marinade; discard marinade. Place shrimp in clean mixing bowl; add 1/4 cup reserved marinade, avocado, grapefruit segments, cucumber, celery, 2 tablespoons cilantro and olive oil; toss gently to combine. season with salt and pepper. serve ceviche in chilled martini glasses. makes 6 seRvinGs QuiCk tip: marinate chicken in grapefruit juice for mouth-watering flavor. lobster Brioche Rolls 24 mini brioche rolls (about 2 1/2-inches) 2 pounds lobster (or crab) meat, coarsely chopped 1/2 cup mayonnaise 1 teaspoon chopped tarragon 1 teaspoon diced dill 1 teaspoon finely grated lemon zest 1 teaspoon diced parsley Fresh ground black pepper Salt to taste Fresh chives for garnish directions in a food processor, or with an electric whisk, mix together lobster, mayonnaise, tarragon, dill, lemon zest, parsley and black pepper. once a chunky consistency is achieved, add salt to season. using a knife and spoon, hollow out the brioche rolls to form a space to fill with the lobster mixture. Garnish with fresh cut chives and black pepper. these delightful rolls may be stored in the refrigerator. enjoy! yields 24 Rolls | 19 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Caramelized Fruit platter 4 Florida grapefruit 4 Florida oranges 1 cup sugar directions Peel, then slice grapefruit and oranges into 1/4-inch thick rounds. arrange citrus slices, overlapping slightly, in a deep platter. in a skillet, cook sugar over medium heat for about 10 minutes; swirling sugar in skillet when it begins to melt. Continue cooking and swirling until sugar melts completely and becomes deep amber in color. remove skillet from heat and drizzle caramelized sugar over fruit. serve immediately for a crunchy candy-like topping, or cover and refrigerate until caramel sets, about 2 hours, or until ready to serve. as a variation, thinly slice some grapefruit peel and sprinkle over fruit before drizzling with caramel. makes 8 seRvinGs almond Crusted Chicken with Grapefruit Basil salad 1/2 pink Florida grapefruit, sectioned 1/2 cup Florida grapefruit juice 4 boneless, skinless chicken breasts (about 2 pounds) 2 heads Boston or Bibb lettuce, torn (about 1/2 pound) 1 pound green beans, steamed 2-3 minutes until crisp-tender 2 egg whites 1 cup sliced almonds 1/2 cup whole wheat bread crumbs or whole wheat cracker crumbs 1/4 cup chopped fresh basil 3 tablespoons olive oil 2 tablespoons ground flax meal 2 teaspoons Dijon mustard 1 teaspoon salt, divided 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper Non-stick cooking spray directions Preheat oven to 425�f. Coat a large baking sheet with cooking spray; set aside. Place almonds, flax meal and salt on a large piece of wax paper or aluminum foil. mix with fingertips until the flax is well combined; reserve. Place egg whites in a shallow bowl. sprinkle chicken with 1/2 teaspoon salt and pepper on both sides. dip chicken in egg, then press into the bread crumb mixture to coat both sides. transfer to prepared baking sheet and spray the top of the chicken with cooking spray. bake for 10 to 15 minutes or until chicken is no longer pink in the center and the topping is crunchy. meanwhile, mix olive oil, mustard, basil and remaining 1/2 teaspoon salt in a large bowl; add grapefruit juice and stir until combined. add grapefruit sections, lettuce and green beans; toss. Place salad on serving plates; top with chicken and serve immediately. makes 4 seRvinGs SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 20 | | 21 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Golden Globe Truffles Mini Black Bottom Cheesecakes Grapefruit Cupcakes with Chai Icing Grapefruit and Yogurt Pops Red Velvet Shooters Chocolate Covered Strawberry Bar Mini Pear Tarts don't sweat the sweet stuff. to appear extra slim in your party photos, steal this celeb secret: pose with your arms on hips, shoulders back, and right leg crossed in front of your left. QuiCk tip: SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 22 | P tHe aFteR Party Golden Globe truffles 6 ounces bittersweet chocolate 6 ounces milk chocolate 3 tablespoons cream 1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 teaspoon shortening directions: melt milk chocolate in a medium saucepan over low heat, stirring constantly; stir in cream and vanilla once chocolate has melted; remove from heat and let sit for 10 minutes. use a melon ball scoop or spoon to scoop out tablespoon-sized balls and roll into truffle shape. use cooking spray on your hands to avoid melting the chocolate. Place chocolate truffles on a wax paper-lined baking sheet and refrigerate for at least 30 minutes until set. melt bittersweet chocolate and shortening over low heat; using a spoon, dip each truffle into the melted bittersweet chocolate and place on a wire rack to cool. sprinkle with gold leaf flecks. Chill truffles until firm. yields 25 tRuFFles Gold jewelry costs hundreds, but gold leaf flecks? Just $3.50 a sheet! sprinkle it onto truffles or even your Golden Globe mocktails. yes, they're edible! QuiCk tip: mini Black Bottom Cheesecakes 24 chocolate cookies 8 ounces cream cheese 1/4 cup cocoa powder 1/4 cup sugar 2 large eggs 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 1 teaspoon almond extract 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted Vegetable oil spray Just like your little black dress, these mini desserts are the perfect go-to for a standing ovation! directions Preheat oven to 350 degrees f. line a muffin pan with foil baking cups and spray cups with vegetable oil spray. Crush chocolate cookies in a food processor (or crush in a plastic bag); add melted butter and mix together well; spoon crushed cookie mixture into each baking cup and press down firmly with the back of a spoon or bottom of a glass. bake for 5 minutes. in a medium bowl, beat cream cheese, cocoa powder and sugar at medium speed until smooth; add eggs and extracts and beat well. Pour cheesecake batter into cups (3/4 full). bake for 15 minutes at 350 degrees f. remove from oven and top each cheesecake with 1 teaspoon of raspberry preserves; chill for 15 minutes; remove from foil baking cups and serve. enjoy! seRves 24 | 23 | | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks | 23 SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Grapefruit Cupcakes with Chai icing 1/2 cup Florida pink grapefruit juice 1 tablespoon Florida pink grapefruit zest 1-1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1/2 cup sugar 1/2 cup 1% buttermilk or plain low-fat yogurt 1/4 cup butter or reduced fat margarine, room temperature 1 egg white 1/2 teaspoon baking powder 1/2 teaspoon baking soda 1/2 teaspoon lemon extract 1/4 teaspoon salt IcIng: 1 (8-ounce) package reduced fat cream cheese 1/2 cup powdered sugar 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon 1/4 teaspoon ground cloves 1/4 teaspoon ground cardamom directions Preheat the oven to 350�f. line a 12-cup muffin tin with cupcake liners. in a medium bowl, sift together flour, baking powder, baking soda and salt. set aside. in a large bowl, beat margarine and sugar with an electric mixer. beat in egg. Combine lemon extract, zest, and buttermilk in a small bowl. add half the buttermilk mixture and beat. add half the flour mixture and beat just until combined. repeat with remaining buttermilk and flour mixture. divide batter evenly among cupcake liners. bake at 350�f. for 15 to 20 minutes, or until a toothpick tester comes out clean. in a medium bowl, beat ingredients for icing with an electric mixer until smooth. Cool cupcakes completely on a wire rack before frosting. makes 12 CupCakes SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 24 | tHe aFteR Party 2 cups Florida pink grapefruit sections 2 cups plain, low-fat yogurt 1 cup powdered sugar 1 teaspoon Florida grapefruit zest 1 teaspoon lemon or orange extract P Grapefruit and yogurt pops directions: Combine all ingredients in a blender or food processor and mix until smooth. Pour into ice pop molds and freeze. Freeze grapefruit juice in ice pop holders for a nutritious frozen treat. QuiCk tip: Red velvet shooters 1 package red velvet cake mix 2 packages, 8 ounces each, cream cheese, softened 2 cups low-fat yogurt Fresh raspberries and mint for garnish 12 martini glasses, or 24 shot glasses directions bake red velvet cake mix as directed; let cool and cut into small cubes. mix cream cheese and yogurt in a medium bowl; alternate cubes of red velvet cake and dollops of cream cheese mixture in martini glasses or shot glasses; top with fresh raspberries and a sprig of mint. enjoy! seRves 24 | 25 | SHEKNOWS Cookbooks Chocolate Covered strawberry Bar 24 strawberries 20 ounces semisweet chocolate chips, melted Coconut Macadamia nuts, crushed Mini chocolate chips Candies, sprinkles, etc., for garnish directions using a double boiler, fondue set or microwave carefully melt semisweet chocolate chips. set out melted chocolate along with a tray of strawberries and martini glasses for serving. arrange crushed macadamia nuts, mini chocolate chips and coconut in small ramekins for garnishing. enjoy! seRves 12 QuiCk tip: mini pear tarts top these delicious mini tarts with sugar crystals (in the baking aisle!) for a sparkly finish. 24 mini phyllo dough cups 2 diced green pears 5 tablespoons honey 1 1/2 teaspoons cinnamon 2 packages, 8 ounces each, cream cheese, softened directions: in a medium bowl, combine cream cheese, cinnamon and honey; divide evenly among phyllo dough cups; top with 2 to 3 bits of pear per cup. bake at 325�f for 10 minutes. serve warm! seRves 24 SHEKNOWS red Carpet Party Planner edition | 26 | Published by SheKnows, LLC, A division of Atomic Online, LLC. All rights reserved.


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About Pump-a-Pair®
About Pumping Station, LLC
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