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USER EDITORpedroman01
User Score: 8992
Drew tries to keep things casual with Zoë, but she seems to be more into things than he is. Despite her saying she is fine with it being casual, he makes a decision about their relationship. Alli wants to focus on Science, but with only one hand, things are a bit difficult. Imogen takes a stand against the dress code.moreless
Alli tries to cover up the truth about her injuries, but Jenna finds out. She tells Jenna to not say anything, but when Leo starts stalker her, she makes a decision about their future, once and for all. Maya tries to fit in with the Rubber Room kids. Drew turns to Zoë for help impressing Mr. Hollingsworth, and they become very close.moreless
Leo tells Alli that his paperwork didn't go through and he can't stay in Toronto, so, she comes up with a plan that will allow him to stay. Maya gets teamed up with Zig on a project, and they can't get along long enough to do it properly. Drew thinks Clare is in love with him, and is a bit disappointed to find out she isn't. He also is in charge of hosting a talk with Mr. Hollingsworth, who he hopes will be a mentor.moreless
Drew is trying to plan the Family Festival, but when Bianca shows up and wants to break up, Drew gets sidetracked. Clare and Eli have a fight about him cheating on her. Maya finds out that Tristan has started being friends with Zoë, and tries to use him to get revenge on her.moreless
Winston makes a report about how bad Drew is at being the president, and Drew fires him. When the school starts protesting, Drew has to figure out how to resolve the conflict. Eli is back in town, but the spark between him and Clare isn't there, and it leads to a secret being revealed. Tristan is upset when his drama teacher assigns him a comedic part for an assignment.moreless
When Maya finds out that Zoë was the one behind the FaceRange page, the rivalry intensifies. When nothing is done about it, Maya feels like no one is on her side, and decides to take things into her own hands. Alli tries to push Leo out of her mind, but she starts to reconsider leaving him. Dallas move out of the Torres' house, and Luke figures out the reasons behind his recent behaviour.moreless
After Maya performs a new song in class, Zoë offers to direct an attention-grabbing music video. However, the reaction is not what Maya was thinking, as everyone starts bullying her on a FaceRange page. Alli and Leo have a disagreement over her wanting to go to MIT, which leads to another physical altercation. Drew is worried about Dallas new lifestyle and tries to teach him a lesson.moreless
Clare finds out that she does not have brain cancer, but that she has side effects from the chemo. She tries to cover up the lies she made for her article, but all her ideas don't seem to work. Tristan reveals to Miles that the steroids he gave him were fake, and Miles is worried about what everyone else on the team, who he provided drugs for, will think. Imogen debates whether or not to tell Becky the truth about her and Adam.moreless
Clare gets an amazing opportunity to write an article for a magazine, but her story on Zoë is not very interesting, so she decides to spice it up. She has also been going through some memory issues. Miles and Tristan both make the basketball team, but Miles wants to get a starter position and says he wants to try steroids. Imogen starts up Degrassi TV, and even thought Becky is the best person for the on-air stuff, she goes with Winston.moreless
To get Miles jealous, Zoë tells everyone that her date to the dance is Drew. When she finds out that the medication he was taking caused him to do so, she decides to give him more in exchange for a date to the dance. However, he takes some before the dance, causing the side effects to create an embarrassing moment at the dance. Alli brings Leo to the dance, in hopes that Clare and Jenna can see that he isn't a bad guy.moreless
School is back, and Drew is ready to start the year off fresh and new as school president. He's been having problems sleeping since the death of Adam, and when he decides to take the medication he was given, he feels better, but it's having some strange side effects. Him and Clare don't see eye to eye about what the first event of the school year should be. Zoë has trouble fitting into the school, especially after the way she acted over the Summer. Leo flies into Toronto, and he and Alli continue their relationship, despite warnings from Jenna and Clare.moreless
With the Paris trip coming to an end, Alli wants to try and have a long distance relationship with Leo. When he informs her he can transfer to Toronto, things look to be going amazing. But, when Leo sees a text from Dallas, he gets upset and hurts Alli. As Adam has surgery, Drew spends the day at camp to keep his mind off of things, even though he is confident that everything will go well. The rivalry between Maya and Zoë intensifies during a dinner.moreless
Adam tries to get over Becky by hooking up with Imogen, but it only makes him think of her more. Tristan runs off, and Maya searches frantically for him, and has to turn to Miles to help her. Alli decides to set Jenna up with one of Leo's friends, but she isn't into the idea.moreless
Adam thinks Becky is cheating on him, when he catches her with a guy in her hotel during a video chat. He decides to hack her FanceRange, and send him a message. Alli is nervous about going to fast with Leo, so she invites Connor and Jenna on her date. Maya tries to stop Zoë and Miles from constantly making out, and he thinks it's because she likes him, but she blurts out that it's for Tristan, who then gets upset with her.moreless
Clare's cancer is potentially worse than first suspected, but she doesn't want to think about it, so she calls Drew to let her escape for just one day. Alli does poorly on an assignment, so she tries to use her date as an opportunity to go to the Louvre, which doesn't turn out very good. Tristan and Miles start bonding, and he becomes certain that Miles is gay.moreless
Clare comes to terms with how sick she really is, and is worried that Eli will eventually leave her. With Connor and Jenna off together, and Clare back home, Alli is left to wander the streets of Paris alone. Tristan thinks Miles and Winston are making fun of him because he is gay.moreless
After hanging out with Miles, at his house, she decides she can't be around people like him, and goes home to apologize. Clare is at the hospital to start her treatment, and she feels fine, but worries about how everyone is treating her. Becky is worried about Imogen, and Adam tries to keep away from her, but they get stuck in the same group.moreless
It's the Summer, and a group of students are heading off to Paris. When a former West Drive star shows up, Tristan instantly bonds with her, leaving Maya behind. She tries to fit in with the two of them, but things don't go very well during a concert. Clare tries to spice up her long distance relationship with Eli. She also gets a call from the hospital. Imogen starts crushing on Adam, and thinks Becky leaving for the Summer is a perfect opportunity for the two of them to bond.moreless
Imogen finds out she has failed all her classes and has to spend another year at Degrassi. To make matters worse, Fiona finds out that the fraud scandal is over, and she has an interview for a job in Italy, meaning the two of them will be far away. Imogen decides to impersonate Fiona and ruin her chances of the date. Clare wants to move on from Eli, and asks another guy to prom, but after being crowned prom king and queen, they talk, and decide to try again. Mo is upset when Jake says he isn't going to prom, and worries their friendship will end after grad. When Jake shows up at prom, Mo is happy, until he finds out, he was paid to be there.moreless
After Maya fails her audition due to the video she posted on FaceRange, she decides to quit cello, and hooks up with Harry again. Drew starts taking the election seriously, when he realizes that sports may no longer be an option for him. Connor tries to help Eli and Clare get back together.moreless
Maya is tired of everyone treating her so fragile. She decides to go on a boy hunt, and when Zig turns her down, she goes to a senior party, where she meets Harry and Talia, and gets drunk, and hook up with him. Drew gets nominated against Clare for school president, and decides to throw a party to gain popularity. Connor is upset that Jenna is spending so much time with Alli, and he decides to set her up with Eli.moreless
After the attack in her loft, Fiona is feeling scared and vulnerable, and decides to buy a gun. When she finds out the long process, she tries to get one illegally, which leads to another scary moment. Zig gets laughed off the stage when he unknowingly sings a french song about lovers, dedicated to his teacher. He soon comes to terms with all the mistakes he's made and apologizes to Maya and Tori. Alli finds out that Dallas is a dad, and he makes a decision to be a better, and prouder father.moreless
Drew says he is moving out, making Fiona, once again, feeling lonely. She starts getting a big following on Twitter, and posts everything. After one of her shifts at her new job, she comes home to an intruder. Zig is still feeling the guilt over what he told Campbell, and it turns into anger, and gets him in trouble with his French teacher, and thinks of a way to make it up to her. Dallas finally scores a date with Alli, but when his ex shows up, things get complicated, especially when he has to hide an even bigger secret.moreless
Eli is in a great mood, but after telling Clare that he took drugs, all she wants to do is talk out all his problems. In order to find an escape, he takes drugs again, and streaks the halls of the school. Luke tries to win Jenna back, which angers Connor. Katie tries to get the parent council to open up the garden again.moreless
Eli is still struggling to get over seeing Campbell's body. When asked to make a video yearbook, he finds footage of Campbell, and doesn't want to include it. To try and get his mind of things, he goes to a strange party, where he does MDMA. Jenna agrees to go out with Connor, and finds herself enjoying the date, more than expected. Katie starts hanging out with Maya and her friends, as being around Jake is too awkward.moreless
Campbell commits suicide, and Eli discovers the body. The school reacts in all sorts of ways. Maya seems to be unaffected, wanting to focus on her music. Dallas is overwhelmed with guilt, leading him to almost committing suicide as well. Eli tries to figure out how to deal with finding the body.moreless
Campbell starts a fight with Zig, as he is jealous of him. He eventually gets forgiven by Maya, and things are going great. But Zig tells him that he is psycho and should stay away from her, leading Campbell to having to make a decision. Dallas hopes to impress Alli, but after he screams at Campbell, Alli tells him that he is just a bully, and wants nothing to do with him. Clare and Eli move into the same locker, and when Eli accidentally grabs her diary, he reads it, thinking there are no secrets, but discovers that she was in love with Jake and almost slept with him.moreless
Just as the wedding is about to start Mrs. Torres shows up, and stops it. When Bianca finds out Drew was the one that called her, she storms off. Drew soon realizes that Bianca is the one he is meant to be with, and still wants to get married, but wants his mother's approval. Katie spends the day with Darrin, where he tells her if she has sex with him, he will pay her more. When Jake finds out what Katie has been up to, they get in a fight. Katie goes back to Darrin's room, where she considers having sex.moreless
Drew and Bianca, along with Adam, Fiona, and Imogen, fly to Las Vegas for their wedding. Katie finds out that she cannot afford to go to her dream university next year. When her, Jake, Marisol, and Mo's flight to Mexico gets cancelled, they decide to go to Vegas. On the plane they bump into Drew, and he invites them to the wedding. At the bachelor party, Drew sees another bachelor who has a huge group with him, and who is very close with his parents, and starts getting cold feet. Katie tries to count cards at Black Jack, in order to try and get money to pay for university, but she goes broke.moreless
When Missy's band plays the same song that WhisperHug was going to, he realizes she just used him. After talking with Chaz Bono, Adam realizes who he really wants to be with. Zig tries to change Maya's mind, but she wants to be with Campbell, but he is mad at her when she tells him that she kissed Zig. Clare tries to run a family meeting to discuss the double standard in the house.moreless
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Originally Posted by Matthew Gorringe
Th amount of shift you can get may depend on the focal length of the lens you are using at the time.
What is the shortest focal length you want to use?
Hi, Matthew.
I plan on using lenses in the 65 to 90mm range for the particular thing I have in mind. The lenses I use will probably be 4x5 lenses such as 65mm f/8, 75mm f/8, or 90mm f/8.
"Truth and love are my law and worship. Form and conscience are my manifestation and guide. Nature and peace are my shelter and companions. Order is my attitude. Beauty and perfection are my attack."
- Rob Tyner (1944 - 1991)

subset: commoncrawl


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Friday September 13, 1996
Despite their tough talk and rough characters, David Mamet's plays are surprisingly delicate creations. On stage and film, his con men, lowlifes and shysters need to be expertly handled or their effectiveness evaporates. Which is what has happened in director Michael Corrente's glum and unsatisfactory version of "American Buffalo."
Initially produced on stage in 1975, "American Buffalo" is early Mamet, one of the first works that established him as a vivid and original voice in the American theater. His ability to create something close to poetry out of the macho bluster of hustlers and petty thieves won Mamet a Pulitzer Prize and all the respect and acclaim a playwright can aspire to.
Sometimes neglected in all that fuss is how large a part artifice plays in Mamet's dialogue, how calculated his use of ritualistic repetition is and how self-conscious it can all seem in unskilled hands. For all their naturalistic touches, Mamet's works have to be artificially energized to succeed.
But director Corrente, who debuted with the modest "Federal Hill," treats "American Buffalo" as an example of kitchen-sink realism, a choice that inevitably leads to boredom and irritation. Even with Dustin Hoffman in the starring role.
A story of greed, betrayal and the absence of honor among thieves, "American Buffalo" (scripted by Mamet from his play) is a three-character piece set in a junk shop. Proprietor Donny Dubrow ("NYPD Blue's" Dennis Franz) is a bear of little brain, but he knows when he's been taken in a business transaction and the memory makes him furious.
Recently a neighborhood customer bought a rare American Buffalo nickel from Donny for considerably less than it was worth. In his fury at feeling ripped off, Donny is intent on stealing the nickel back, and he plans to use his young protege Bobby (Sean Nelson of "Fresh") to do the job.
Enter Donny's old buddy and poker partner Walter "Teach" Cole (Hoffman). With his long greasy hair and nervous, unshaven manner, Teach could be Ratso Rizzo's older brother, only meaner and more manipulative. Determined to have a piece of the robbery, he begins to talk Donny out of using Bobby. "Am I so out of line on this?" he asks again and again before answering his own question. "This is business."
Most of "American Buffalo" is a dialogue between Donny and Teach, antagonists who verbally dodge and weave and in general give each other a hard time as they wait for Fletcher, the Godot-like third man who's supposed to show up to help with the heist. Questions of betrayal and trust, of who is lying about what, are everywhere, but this lifeless production gives us little reason to care about any of it.
Though he did not originate the part, during the 1980s Teach became something of a theatrical signature role for Al Pacino, who starred in productions in New York, London, Boston and elsewhere. But for reasons that lie buried underneath a tangle of competing egos and various claims to production rights, Hoffman, not Pacino, has ended up starring in this version.
While his performance can't be faulted in terms of technique, neither Hoffman nor any of the other actors bring that extra level of energy to the proceedings that made Mamet's "Glengarry Glen Ross," for instance, involving on film.
Instead a kind of deadness settles over everything and these characters become as off-putting on screen as they would be in life. Lacking the passionate direction and incendiary acting that would enable the play to feel less stage-bound and more alive, "American Buffalo" lumbers to its conclusion, as awkward as the animal that lent the nickel its name.
American Buffalo, 1996. R, for language. Presented in association with Capitol Films, produced in association with Punch Productions, released by the Samuel Goldwyn Company. Director Michael Corrente. Producer Gregory Mosher. Executive producer John Sloss. Screenplay David Mamet, based on his play. Cinematographer Richard Crudo. Editor Kate Sanford. Costumes Deborah Newhall. Music Thomas Newman. Production design Daniel Talpers. Set decorator Jessica Lanier. Running time: 1 hour, 28 minutes. Dustin Hoffman as Walter "Teach" Cole. Dennis Franz as Donny Dubrow. Sean Nelson as Bobby.Copyright © 2015, Daily Press


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Nathan Fillion vs. Justin Bieber: Alan Tudyk describes their Halo conflict
Justin Bieber. He's not the most beloved person among celebrities. In addition to the recent fight between the pop star and actor Orlando Bloom, there's now word that Nathan Fillion ( "Castle") shut down Bieber when the latter wanted to play all of the Halo games.
Alan Tudyk, Fillion's former "Firefly" co-star, shares the story in a video from the 2014 Nerd HQ panel during Comic-Con. You can watch the story for yourself beginning at the 28:45 mark in the video or just check out the gist of the story below:
"There was like the VIP area, and Nathan and I were on a computer playing Halo." Tudyk explains after being asked about his favorite video game. "Bieber comes in with his crew, and they were like, 'Excuse me' -- to Nathan -- 'You need to go! Justin Bieber's here.' And he's playing on a system over there. There's like five or six systems. 'Justin Bieber's here. He needs this room by himself.' And Nathan goes, 'Yeah, yeah. That's not happening.'"
Presumably, the men got to continue their game.
Photo/Video credit: Getty Images, The Nerd Machine


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- Poetry
Lewis MacAdams - The River: Book One
Lewis MacAdams is river activist and poet, and interviewed by Departures for the LA River neighborhood installment. He is co-founder of river advocacy group Friends of the Los Angeles River.
- A Los Angeles Primer
- Arrival Stories
- Block by Block
- Engaging Spaces
- Green Justice
- I Am Los Angeles
- Intersections


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Customer Care: Recall Campaign
The following links provide information on current Toyo Tires recall campaigns. Please contact us for additional assistance.
Open Country M/T, 22-inch: February 23, 2015
Open Country H/T with Tuff Duty: November 26, 2014
For an explanation on how to correctly identify the manufacture date of a tire, please click the following link.


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BCS influence has made bowl games virtually meaningless
BBVA Compass. Kraft Fight Hunger. GoDaddy.com. TicketCity. Chick-fil-A. AutoZone. Meineke Car Care. New Era Pinstripe. Champs Sports. AdvoCare V100. R+L Carriers. And let's not forget Beef 'O'Brady's.
Understand any of that? Well, there are 35 postseason college bowl games now, and those are 12 of them. And almost every single one is meaningless in the national scheme of things.
Given there are but 120 Division I football programs — and naughty USC is ineligible — it means all but 49 others won't be represented in a bowl when this season concludes.
Think about it. When the Holiday was born in 1978 — because those with clout in this city were tired of San Diego State being snubbed — it became the 12th bowl game, and a whole lot of people thought a dozen too many.
Since 2000, 12 bowls have been sanctioned, and more could be on the way. The trick will be getting 70 teams bowl-eligible with six wins. Soon schools may qualify if they just did OK in fall drills. I can remember when a bowl bid was an honor.
The BCS has ripped the heart out of the bowl system, and if you give it some thought, even their own. The Rose, Sugar, Orange and Fiesta, the four BCS bowls leading up to the National Championship Game (which still produces a mythical titlist), don't really mean a thing — except possibly the Rose, because it's the Rose, and the Granddaddy isn't what he used to be, either.
The biggest problem is the automatic bids that go to champions from the "BCS conferences," those being the Pac-10, SEC, Big Ten, Big 12, ACC and Big East. (Notre Dame is invited if it's good enough, but the Irish ship has sailed.)
I've seen BCS projections that have the Big East's Pittsburgh or Syracuse going to one of the majors. Pitt currently is 5-4, Syracuse 7-3. They are not good football teams. And yet this year, as happens most years, teams such as the Mountain West's TCU and the WAC's Boise State, both unbeaten, go to bed wondering whether they're going to be wallflowers at the dance.
Don't rule anything out when the BCS big shots are involved in taking care of their own. Last year they purposely put at-large Boise State and TCU together in the same bowl, saving any of their spoiled big kids the humiliation of losing to a little guy.
The BCS isn't fair. It's un-American, and there's always talk about it being challenged in court and by Congress, but nothing's happened yet. Utah's politicians were screaming bloody murder about it, but I wonder whether they've backed off now that the Utes have bolted the Mountain West for the Pac-10. They probably don't mind anymore.
I've always been a big bowl fan, but I'd like to see many of them at least become meaningful to someone other than the schools involved or the gamblers who care only because the games offer more wagering opportunities.
I see no reason why the bowls couldn't be incorporated into a playoff system. A second-tier game such as the Holiday could become, say, a quarterfinal for a true national championship. I love the Holiday, but what does it mean when everything's counted up? Last December, Arizona came in here to play Nebraska and flat out rolled over in a 33-0 loss in a bowl with a spectacular history.


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The Monthly GNU Column
This column looks into projects and current affairs in the world of free software. This month we focus on better security with Firestarter, a tool that helps you set up a firewall. We also look at a distributed computing project for animation or visualization.
Firewalls are more important now than ever, so a free tool that helps users manage their firewalls is always welcome. Firewalls A firewall operates at the network connection level, analyzing, monitoring, and controlling the traffic that enters or leaves a computer. On Linux with kernel 2.4 or later, this is the domain of iptables. Network traffic is represented by IP data packets, and the kernel specifies what should happen to specific types of packets. Firewalls of this type are known as packet filters.
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NoScript Flaw
Mozilla's script blocker add-on could be putting malware sites on the whitelist.
RIP SSLv3
The Internet community officially banishes the notoriously unsafe Secure Sockets Layer protocol.
Mate 1.1 Arrives
Popular desktop environment continues the Gnome 2 legacy – with new support for the Gnome 3 toolkit.
US Government Requires HTTPS
The Obama White House has issued a memorandum telling all US government agencies they must use HTTPS for all websites and web communication.
Mozilla Signs Firefox Add-Ons
New program will dial up security for the Firefox browser.
Fedora 22 Arrives
Red Hat's community distro embraces the cloud.
Code.org and College Board Team Reach Out for Talented High School Coders
New partnership will bring more and better CS training to US schools
A Peek Inside TeslaCrypt Ransomware
Criminals offer online help over Tor network
Mumblehard Still Spams
Sophisticated malware is still present on Joomla and WordPress sites around the world.
Launchpad Gets Git
Future versions of Ubuntu's code service will support the popular Git version control system used with Linux and other open source projects.


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If you crave the opportunity to delve into the Classical Hit Parade, the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra is ready to oblige.
The BSO's annual Summer MusicFest will be devoted to extremely popular pieces, from Pachelbel's ubiquitous Canon and Mozart's endearing Eine kleine Nachtmusik to Tchaikovsky's evergreen Piano Concerto No. 1 and Beethoven's ever-monumental Symphony No. 9. The lineup suggests the playlist of many classical radio stations -- not an ear-challenge in the lot.


text: I like heavy tippet because I like rolling boulders over and getting my beautiful, time consuming, material intensive intruders back. I have one hanging in my tying cave that is a testiment to the breaking strength of 15# maxima. Takes a lot of dead pull to fold large lead eyes into a taco. A new hook and 2 casts later and it wasn't a rock that got ahold of my fly It was actually a comment someone made in one of these identical flouro/heavy tippet debates that sent me to the local tackle shop to buy some heavier cable. I think I said "so what happens when you hang up and have to break that stuff off??" Some smart ass said "you don't, you get your fly back." Point taken! Well done Jesse, good luck in your endeavors.


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1.0-9629 for Linux x86_64 released
Release Highlights:
The 1.0-9629 NVIDIA Accelerated Linux Graphics Driver Set for Linux/x86-64 is available for download via HTTP and FTP.
Please note: If you encounter any problems with the 1.0-9629 NVIDIA Linux graphics driver release, please start a new thread and include a detailed description of the problem, reproduction steps and generate/attach an nvidia-bug-report.log file (please see http://www.nvnews.net/vbulletin/showthread.php?t=46678 for details).
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text: My family and I are going to be visiting the resort pretty soon and we are going to be purchasing SoCal Select passes. My question is if we go on a day that the SoCal Select is blocked out, but we buy the pass that day, are we still allowed into the park? I remember hearing that you were able to go into the parks, but I just wanted to double check. Thank you!


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Full biographyKen Keverian is IBM's senior vice president of Corporate Strategy. In this role he is responsible for developing strategies that are linked to execution plans for a new era of computing, new markets and new clients. He joined IBM in April, 2014 from The Boston Consulting Group, where he was a Senior Partner. During his 25-year career at The Boston Consulting Group, he focused on serving technology companies in the computing and communications sectors.
Mr. Keverian led BCG's efforts in serving IBM for over two decades. This work spanned nearly all of IBM's brands and functions and focused on growth opportunities as well as process excellence. In addition, Mr. Keverian helped numerous global firms in setting their overall strategic direction as well as creating organization structures and operating models that help make these strategies a reality. His work covered areas such as strategic direction and product line strategy, sales force effectiveness, operations and execution, and organization and change.
At BCG, Mr. Keverian held numerous leadership positions, including roles on the Americas Leadership Team, head of the Technology Media and Telecommunications Practice in the Americas, co-head of Recruiting globally and Chair of one of BCG's Partner Development Committees. He was also one of five Partners elected globally to BCG's Partnership Committee.
Prior to joining BCG, Mr. Keverian spent seven years at AT&T Bell Laboratories, where he was a product design manager and recipient of numerous patents. Ken received SB and SM degrees in electrical engineering and computer science as well as an SB degree in mathematics from MIT. He also holds an MBA from the Harvard Business School, where he was a Baker Scholar.
May 2014


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Tuesday, April 07, 2015
Susan Boyd
Apparently I've had it wrong all these years. I encouraged, nay even demanded, that my kids and grandkids spend as much free time outside running and screeching. Even in the winter I would send them to the basement to run and screech, safely removed from the temptations of electronics. I signed them up for athletic teams so they could develop healthy habits, learn cooperation, understand the humility of wins and losses, and possibly, just possibly, earn a college scholarship. I am one in a legion of parents with the same requirements and dreams. We drive our kids thousands of miles every year so they can get to practices, matches, and tournaments. We spend a king's ransom on uniforms, equipment, dues, and private coaching. We battle the elements in order to support our young players. Most importantly, we pat ourselves on our backs that we don't have those squinty-eyed, slouch-shouldered kids who spend their free time clicking on a video controller and staring at a TV screen.
Then my entire world was shattered by this weeks' TIME magazine. Using March Madness as a backdrop, TIME did an extended report on college e-sports better known as video gaming. Just 90 miles down the road in Chicago is the first college to offer athletic scholarships in video gaming. These aren't some token amount — they can be as much as $19,000 rivaling and even surpassing the amount given to most physical athletes including those battling for March Madness glory. Robert Morris is a commuter school in the heart of Chicago that has attracted corporate sponsorships for their gaming athletes who wear jerseys and fall under the athletic rules of the college but not those of the NCAA. This means that when they compete in their "Final Four" championship this May, the winning team is guaranteed $30,000 in scholarships, plus the players can be awarded money and equipment from game companies. They train in state-of-the-art classrooms outfitted with ergonomic chairs, HD TVs, and high speed internet, all donated by the industry's companies.
Gaming is big business, which is probably why schools, including Harvard and Stanford, are flocking to cash in on the trend. There is a collegiate league that sponsors the North American College Championship leading to that "Final Four" showdown. Who competes? Amazingly, many of the schools who have established NCAA sports programs such as University of Michigan and Texas A&M. However, it's smaller, private schools who are the pioneers in this program. Just recently the University of Pikesville (KY) announced it would be offering scholarships in the fall. Presently, dozens of other schools, even some athletic powerhouses are exploring the prospect of setting up e-sports programs. This might be the start of the NCAA having to address the issue of amateurism in college athletics. With the e-sports athletes being able to cash in on their abilities with scholarships, salaries, and products, they may soon outstrip their basketball and football counterparts in financial viability.
The president of Robert Morris, Michael Viollt, feels that the program adheres to the same teaching and community standards as other sports teams. "These guys have to learn to communicate with one another in clear and concise patterns, and take leadership positions." The operative word in that statement is "guys." Gaming is traditionally a male pursuit. Since the e-sports teams aren't under the auspices of the NCAA it means they are probably outside of the Title IX rules as well. That means college women may be shut out from this pool of money. In addition, these e-sports athletes are as prone to the enticements of professionalism as are their athletic brothers. The lure of huge paychecks in the professional competition ranks can pull players out of the college level quickly. In a recent championship in Seattle in July for "Dota 2," the Chinese team members each earned a $1 million prize. Competitive gamers can earn on average $4,000 a month. My son who briefly went pro in indoor soccer was being paid around $500 — a season. Certainly makes one think, doesn't it?
Lest you believe this isn't a spectator sport, you should know that the 2014 World Championship of "League of Legends" drew 40,000 fans to the World Cup stadium in Seoul. There were over 32 million viewers for the 2013 championship streamed online. So it's no wonder that ESPN has taken notice. They will air the finals of "Heroes of the Storm," which begin as a 64-team collegiate tournament. It's no coincidence that sounds like a familiar bracket set-up. However, last year's NCAA final between Kentucky and Connecticut drew 21.2 million viewers, which "Heroes of Storm" should eclipse. Although the "League of Legends" finals only drew 130,000 in 2014, those numbers are expected to jump dramatically this year. More importantly, the winners of the "Heroes of Storm" competition are guaranteed a three-year college tuition scholarship. No one on the winning Kentucky team got that guarantee.
E-sports teams are run in a parallel fashion to their sports counterparts. Players must attend daily practices, must attend all their school classes, and must maintain a study trajectory to graduate on time. They watch team films which are replays of certain sections of their contests against one another and against other schools to find ways to maximize their power. These scrimmages are an important part of their training just as they are for college sports teams. The e-gamers take their training very seriously. They concentrate on good nutrition, the right amount of sleep, learning to trust their teammates, and developing strategies for improved play. They have coaches who give notes and encourage better teamwork.
There is presently the National Collegiate e-Sports Association (NCeSPA) which compiles statistics on the colleges who compete. There are Eastern and Western divisions where presently Georgia Tech and University of British Columbia sit on top. Because matches don't require any travel, these teams can compete across the country easily, opening up the competitive possibilities. On its website, NCeSPA allows viewers to see the players, learn the schedules, and keep track of statistics (www.ncespa.com). Collegiate StarLeague (www.cstarleague.com) lists an extensive bracket for the various game competitions they sponsor and actively advertise for teams to join with the prizes they will award to the athletes who win. They have links to Twitch, the online gaming application which connects gamers to one another through chat rooms and which streams games, and to Razor University which recruits e-sports athletes for teams. Twitch was recently purchased by Amazon for nearly $1 billion (yes billion with a "b") showing the financial power gaming has acquired and the trust major investors have that this pot of gold will continue to grow.
All of this certainly makes me re-evaluate the push for our sons and daughters to succeed on the pitch. It may be that they'd be better off taking a quick run every morning and then knuckling down with their mice, keyboards, computers, X-Boxes, and PlayStations. As one scholarship player, Jonathan Lindahl, said, "My parents were always telling me to get off the Xbox. So I'm really rubbing it in their faces." Given that a much larger percentage of e-sporters end up playing professionally than the 1.2 percent of other college athletes and that their ability to immediately cash in on their talents while still at school could make e-sports a far more attractive option for getting an athletic scholarships. Given that most sports cost families dearly during their youth development and given that most of us already supply our players with the tools to play video games, we may all be better off simply concentrating on the latter and forgoing the former. As e-sports grows so too will the popularity of individual players, the status of schools with winning teams, and the opportunities for more scholarships. I certainly don't regret one single moment of watching my kids play in their various sports: soccer, basketball, baseball, swim team, dance team, and cheerleading. I also don't regret the money we spent. But now I get it when there's a line outside of Game Stop for a week before the new Halo or Call of Duty version is released. Those kids know a cash cow when they see one.
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Monday, March 30, 2015
Besides the steady discussion of bracketology during March Madness, we are inundated with the perennial argument concerning paying student athletes. As obscene levels of money change hands before, during and after the three-week event, people ask why the real generators of these sums shouldn't get a share. It's a difficult situation and the sides are clearly drawn. The NCAA absolutely refuses to even consider the possibility, while players both current and graduated argue the fundamental unfairness of the situation. In 2014, Ed O'Bannon, a starter on the 1995 National Champion UCLA men's basketball team, realized that his likeness was being used in an NCAA video game entirely without his permission. He argued that he was no longer an amateur student-athlete and as such deserved to be compensated. Several other former basketball and football players joined the suit. On August 9, 2014 the court ruled in their favor. The precedent may lead to other financial doors opening for college athletes.
The problems in considering compensation for college athletes are three-fold. First, payment would result in athletes becoming employees, a standard that requires all kinds of legal obligations including workman's compensation, payroll taxes, termination standards and benefit packages. Second, they would need to decide exactly how much pay would be appropriate. Third, there's the issue of fairness across the broad spectrum of college sports since most sports outside of Division I football and men's basketball don't bring in any money to the schools in the form of lucrative TV deals and fan support.
Since scholarships rarely cover the full financial needs of players, they are forced to add heavy debt to continue playing and studying. Therefore, even players who get a good scholarship can find themselves without enough money to get groceries for the entire month or to purchase all the books they need. NCAA rules are very stringent concerning financial assistance. Students can't accept money or anything of monetary value from boosters, coaches, or university staff for even the most rudimentary of costs. The story is told of a young basketball player whose father died. His coach drove him to the airport so he could attend the funeral and sat with him before the plane took off. He bought the player a sandwich for the flight, which was against the rules. The coach didn't buy a plane ticket, he bought a sandwich under $10 as an act of kindness during a stressful time. The university, player and coach were cited by the NCAA for the incident. In the meantime, March Madness generates billions for the universities, the coaches in endorsements and analyst jobs, and commercial sponsors. But nary a penny for the players. Since less than 2 percent of college athletes go pro, there is no pot of gold at the end of the college years that the vast majority can hold out for.
The argument that at least these players get a college education, which translates into higher pay would be wonderful if the graduation rates were strong. The NCAA uses its own algorithm which differs from how the Federal Government measures graduation rates. The NCAA argues that transfer students who leave a school in good academic standing should be included in the graduation rates since the original school has no control over that student leaving. However, the government doesn't take that factor into account at all unless a student eventually graduates. This naturally skews the NCAA rates to higher than the national rates, which they then use in the press to tout the academic strength of athletes. Additionally, the graduation rates are for all athletes, which average out the notoriously low rates for football and basketball. Soccer graduation rates for both men and women are quite high, as are those of lacrosse and golf. However, these sports represent only a small percentage of all college athletes. Additionally, female athletes do graduate at a higher rate than their male counterparts. Therefore, many athletes, as many as 44 percent never graduate and don't enjoy the bump in pay benefit.
College athletes, no matter the size of their scholarship, or even the absence of a scholarship, have a grueling schedule. Because their eligibility is dependent upon maintaining a minimum grade point average and successfully completing a proscribe number of credits each year, they can't cut back on studies to give them more time for practices, games, travel to games, weight training, study hall, appearances, and team meetings. They must arrange their classes around their athletic obligations, which means they often can't take prerequisite classes in a timely manner, have to do online courses, and may find themselves taking evening classes after practices. Coaches, fearful of losing players to academic ineligibility, will prohibit the athletes from taking courses with strenuous academic standards. For example, when Robbie was a freshman he wanted to take a chemistry course that was a prerequisite for his pre-med studies, but his coach told him he couldn't, which meant Robbie would have to wait an entire year before he could begin the reason he was attending college. Instead, he was steered to take earth sciences, pre-algebra (he had completed calculus II in high school), and U.S. history. Some colleges even offer what is called "paper courses," where a student logs into an online course two or three times in a semester and completes a paper for his or her grade. The courses are never difficult and there seems to be no bell curve of grades. Additionally, there's no monitoring to check that the student and not a proxy has written the paper. These come in handy for coaches when an athlete has a grade point too low to be eligible. A couple "A's" in paper courses can lift that up immediately. Therefore, the label of student-athlete is a bit disingenuous for many.
That label was instituted for the sole purpose of insuring that no scholarship player would ever be considered an employee. And for decades the label worked. But recently several athletes have begun to question their lack of share in the deep-dish financial pie that universities and the NCAA enjoy. College athletes see the daily hypocrisy of the title "student-athlete" as they watch teammates who never attend a single class and yet magically manage to keep their academic eligibility or as they watch their coaches earning in the six to eight figures cutting endorsement deals, being hired as consultants and announcers, scheduling paid speaking engagements, and receiving gifts from boosters, or as they witness schools spending funds liberally on lavish building improvements rather than funding more scholarships. Northwestern University football players voted to unionize, several on-going lawsuits on behalf of injured athletes to receive compensation for their injuries, and groups of athletes who have completed their college careers who have filed an anti-trust lawsuit against the NCAA are the recent indicators that the tides are shifting. For their part, the organization has adamantly refused to even discuss the issue, stating simply that "if you're going to come to us, you're going to come as a student."
Both of my sons were Division I student-athletes in soccer, and I can attest to the difficulty of that job. Yes, it is a job for which they get paid in minimal scholarships, which are constantly at risk should they become injured or fall below the eligibility levels or get caught breaking any one of the thousands of NCAA rules. Bryce never graduated – the combination of athletics and studies proved to be more than he could responsibly handle. Robbie graduated, but it took five years and several occasions of scrambling for credits when he changed his major mid-stream. The scholarships they received covered around 25 percent of their expenses. Bryce was recruited by a private school where the tuition was over $30,000 and Robbie was recruited by an out-of-state pubic university, so he had to pay additional tuition that wasn't covered by his scholarship. Both boys transferred to a public in-state university, which made their education more affordable but didn't reduce any of the myriad of demands.
How does this impact youth players? Once a child begins to exhibit some interest and talent in a sport, everyone begins talking scholarship. There's a special pride and honor attached to earning a slot on a college roster. It's certainly a vindication of years of dedication and hard work and offers some respite from the heavy expenses of higher education. Nevertheless, parents should be wary because the time commitment of being on a team can actually end up destroying the reason kids go to school, which is an education. It's not unusual for players to burn out with all the demands and just quit. As difficult as it was to juggle studies with athletics up to college, those pressure ramp up at the university level. If our kids are recruited to a private school, they may not receive much financial assistance (very few players, especially freshman, get a "full-ride") and parents are left to either pay or borrow the balance. Therefore, parents need to have a serious discussion with their potential student-athletes about the reality of the title. We need to be honest on how far we will go financially to support our children in their athletic pursuits just as we have a discussion on choosing a college for the education. Let them know, for instance, if you will support them being recruited by a private vs. an in-state public school. Because of our savings and a small inheritance, we were able to afford most of the expenses not covered by our sons' scholarships, but not every family has that luxury. No family should go deeply into debt for the chance to say their child is a student-athlete.
The promise of paying those students for their efforts can naturally be enticing to families who would want the best of both worlds – a free college education and the honor of having a college athlete. I'm hoping, should the decision be made to pay athletes, that A) the "lesser" sports won't be neglected and B) the schedule will require that sports and education are pursued separately allowing the latter to have a student's full attention during a true off-season. However, no matter how this controversy plays out, families need to decide how realistic it is to encourage their children to become student-athletes, whether at one of the three NCAA divisions or the NAIA, keeping in mind that Ivy League and Division II schools don't offer athletic scholarships. Parents need to rise above the hype that surrounds college athletics and look realistically if our children can handle the strains and ultimately graduate, which is the point of going to college.
Check out all the highlights from this week's MLS games. See them here.
Marco Weymans, a 17-year-old Belgian who plays for Dutch club PSV, scored from his own half as Belgium's U-19 national team beat Sweden, 2-0.
The U.S. Under-23 Men's National Team will face its counterpart Mexico on Wednesday, April 22 at 8 p.m. PT at StubHub Center in Carson, California. Read more here.
The fast-approaching Women's World Cup has kept the WNT players tremendously busy around the USA and the world, but they are looking forward to the chance to turn out for their NWSL clubs and play a handful of games before the final stretch run to Canada.
Friday, March 27, 2015
Vitor Hugo of Brazil's Palmeiras and Ismael Blanco of Ecuador's demonstrate how to score spectacularly when you receive a high ball with your back to the goal.
Obviously this is a nice promotional situation for Cristiano's new boot, but we thought it was pretty funny.
In the buildup to last summer's World Cup, Berti Vogts served his compatriot Jurgen Klinsmann as a special advisor to the U.S. Men's National Team. On Thursday, the 1974 World Cup winner's job was made a bit more permanent. Read more here.


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The exhibition, Glasgow Eyes, is the work of Brian Anderson (pictured bottom right), who has patrolled the city for more than 20 years.
Mr Anderson runs Glasgow Eyes, a monthly online magazine of photography from the city. He has, over the years, also worked for news agencies and newspapers.
"It's a beautiful city, with a lot of characters, and the exhibition is my take on Glasgow," he said.


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'Super precinct' experiment in Lubbock bears watching
However, as it happens. Lubbock County has joined forces with the state of Texas to stage an experiment that could have an impact on all of us.
Lubbock County, we learn, will implement a "super precinct" concept in the Nov. 7 election.
The whole thing is at once revolutionary and disarmingly simple. In this election - and in future ones, if the concept catches on - voters will not have to cast their ballots at their assigned precincts. Rather, they will have the option of voting at any precinct in the county.
It's one of those ideas that makes you smack your forehead and ask, "Why didn't we think of this before?" Technology has transformed the voting process; why not take it to the next level?
The prospect for increasing voter participation would appear to be bright, and, by no means least, there has been virtually no opposition. Minority groups, advocacy outfits, organizations supporting the disabled - all have signed on.
Granted, the largest challenge - motivating people to vote in the first place - will remain. But at the very least the super precinct deserves a fair trial. More accessible voting could result in a more representative and ultimately responsible brand of politics. There's no way that could be anything but good news.
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In the Narrative Portraiture series, photographer and teacher Chris Orwig explores the use of elements such as location and natural light to create images that tell stories about their subjects and produce a strong emotional connection.
In this installment of the series, Chris shows how to incorporate aspects of a location, such as architecture, natural light, and even passersby, to create authentic, story-filled portraits.
The course begins with a photo shoot on the Brooklyn Bridge. Chris emphasizes the importance of directing and collaborating with a subject and of being responsive to changing lighting and location conditions. After the shoot, Chris discusses the preparation that goes into on-location shoots, from choosing camera gear to storyboarding. Next, he reviews the images from the shoot and mentions the post-processing techniques that he employed to make them more effective. The course also includes several assignments aimed at reinforcing the concepts Chris describes.
The course concludes with an on-location family portrait shoot and a look at the special considerations that go into group shots.
Chris Orwig: Do you mind if I take a picture with you and this stranger here? Jared Mason: No, I love people. Chris Orwig: Okay, yeah. One of the things that's so enjoyable about taking photographs out in the world is that there are so many variables. You never know what's going to happen. There is something that's interesting about bringing a stranger into the mix and in this context what I liked was just the juxtaposition of these two different types of people. Well, before the photo shoot, the day before, one of the things I noticed was that New Yorkers are just so diverse. Here was this opportunity to take advantage of that. Again bring these two guys together shoulder-to-shoulder.
And there was another interesting aspect to asking a stranger to take their photograph and that is that sometimes we get a little bit nervous or for a lot of us it's difficult to do something like that. Or let's say we don't have a camera, to just approach a stranger and start talking to them. What I've found is that if you have a camera you can use it as a little bit of an excuse or as a passport to do things that you wouldn't have otherwise done. Now had I not had my camera, had I not been doing a photo-shoot, would I've talked with that guy? Probably not. And that's what photography and that's what cameras do for us is they get us out in the world, they expose us to things that we would have otherwise missed.
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Cain Velasquez has officially made history.
Velasquez became the first Mexican-American UFC heavyweight champion after dethroning Brock Lesnar in the first round via TKO at UFC 121.
The first round saw both men come to the center of the Octagon and immediately began testing each other. Velasquez began to swing at his opponent, while Lesnar began to press the action and landed a flying knee that caught Velasquez on the chin. From there, Lesnar began to clinch and landed some hard knees before he took Velasquez down.
Velasquez stood right back up and began exchanging again. Lesnar attempted a take down but Velasquez stuffed it and used the cage for leverage. As Lesnar held Velasquez up against the cage, he fought for the take down and eventually took his opponent down, but Velasquez showed strong defense and retreated back to his feet.
Moments later Velasquez pressed the action and he successfully took down the 265-pound behemoth and began to smother Lesnar with hard shots. However, Lesnar popped right back up. Lesnar went for another take down, but he slipped and stumbled across the Octagon and Velasquez overwhelmed him with strikes.
Velasquez dropped Lesnar and swarmed on him with a viscous ground-and-pound that hurt the champion and forced referee Herb Dean to end the bout.
What's next for Cain Velasquez?
After making UFC history, Velasquez will only have a short time to celebrate as rising heavyweight prospect Junior Dos Santos is next in line for a title shot. This anticipated heavyweight matchup should be intriguing, as both men possess power and are two of the most explosive strikers in the UFC. Expect these two heavyweights to square off sometime in the summer next year.
What's next for Brock Lesnar?
After suffering only his second loss in his career, Lesnar will have some time to recover. While he did show more improvement with his stand up skills, he still has a lot work to do in other areas.
Expect the 265-pound Lesnar to return to the Octagon sometime early next year and look to reclaim his status among the heavyweight division. A bout against heavyweight prospect Brendan Schaub is a possibility, while testing himself against the winner of Shane Carwin and Roy Nelson would certainly build confidence in his striking ability. Should he get past either Kongo or Schaub, a third bout versus Frank Mir could slot Lesnar back into the title picture.


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Farm2School Could Suffer With Crop Losses
Less apple pies in La Crosse County schools this year? County Nutrionist, Linda Lee, who oversees the Farm 2 School program, says the weather may play into a smaller crop this year.
The program uses locally grown fruits and vegetables which go to schools in Onalaska, Holmen, Bangor, West Salem and La Crosse.


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Successful presentations and an emotional last day at the NLDP
Today was bitter sweet – bitter because we, the participants of the NLDP training event were parting ways, but most definitely sweet because we have gained great knowledge, techniques, skills and lots more. Not just from the Planning Team, but from each other. Coupled with that, we have all gained worldwide support network (16 countries to be exact)!
The day began with colours and reflections and then on to what we were all anticipating for the entire week - Member Organization Presentations! The previous day we were given two challenges to work on in our Member Organization (MO) teams (only a few didn't have partners):
1) Prepare a program that we would facilitate at home for an NLDP Training of Trainers Workshop using all three elements that we were exposed to over the week: personal development, understanding leadership and leading teams.
2) To design an entire session, but only present the first 15 minutes (phew!) – incorporating the opening, input and a brief of an activity.
This led to an extremely late night, or should we say an early morning, ahead of our final day with Pax Lodge being alive with MOs working until about 3:00 in the morning.
Today we were joined by Deb Cross, Chief Operations Officer at WAGGGS who came to see what we had learned in our intensive week of training.
On to the presentations: Lebanon was first to go, at the start of our morning session, while Nigeria closed out a really excellent learning experience.
We provided "feedback sandwiches" to each MO, giving both positive and negative thoughts about each other's presentations. This was really well received by all, as we were provided with tips for our constant improvement and development as NLDP facilitators.
Our next session was an open one called 'Connect, Extend, Challenge, Act' where we looked at the various expectations we had at the beginning of the week. Most had been met and as participants that felt really good, but for the Planning Team that represented a job well done! So, great job ladies!!
The penultimate session of the day was entitled 'My Personal Commitment'. In this we brought our creative and artistic talents to the fore, using modeling clay to depict our feelings about the NLDP training.
We finished our last day sharing an emotional closure, where each region demonstrated the journey made during this week. By using our creativity the results were fantastic! We also saw a video with photographs taken during the training. That made us laugh and get involved in an emotional way. The final moment arrived, we had to say goodbye to each other, to the planning team and to Pax Lodge as well. We did this by singing Taps (a beautiful moment sharing the song in different languages!).
We have to say a special 'thank you' to all the staff at Pax Lodge for being so nice to all of us and for the help they provided. We felt so much care!
Thank you WAGGGS for developing this NLDP, and for trusting us to develop this programme in our M.O.
And a very special THANK YOU for all the Planning Team, for being so supportive, patient and for all the work they done to have this wonderful training week. We'll never forget you! Finally, THANK YOU to all the participants (us) for sharing and learning each other. We'll keep in touch!
The river is flowing … and we are flowing with it.
Day 5 report
by the Western Hemisphere Region


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Girls Volleyball: Welcome
Congratulations to our champions of both divisions:
4th-5th: Mission Unblockables
Finalist- Jr. Spikers
Sportsmanship: S*M*A*S*H
6th-7th: Block Party
Finalist- Itsy Bitsy Spikers
Sportsmanship- Planet Volleywood
Thanks to all participants, parents and coaches for such a great league! Already looking forward to next season!
Remember that safety and sportmanship are the two most important parts of youth sports.


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Nigeria, South Africa and Xenophobia
In an unusual reaction to the latest manifestation of cruel treatment of Nigerian on foreign shores, our country's Foreign Affairs Minister, Ambassador Olugbenga Ashiru, vowed that Nigeria would no longer take kindly to the ill-treatment of any of its citizens in any part of the world. Attributing the recent deportation of 125 Nigerians from Johannesburg to a growing xenophobic attitude of the average South African, the minister indicates that our government's years of globally-acknowledged indifference to the fate of Nigerians in other lands is now coming to an end. For an administration that has refused to offer any worthwhile quotable quote, the looming diplomatic row with the South African authorities might just offer the platform to record some everlasting quotes that would outlive these erratic interventions. It is, indeed, a soothing relief that the government is now making the right noise, hitting the right musical note by threatening fire and brimstone against a country that has yet to wean itself off the unholy imprints that its old apartheid system emblematized on its consciousness. Pity.
However, the point must be poignantly made quite early on this page that this is not just about the 125 Nigerians that were deported last week for allegedly being in possession of fake Yellow Fever vaccination certificates. For sure, no one is pushing for the exemption of Nigerians from any immigration procedure, no matter how obtuse, since it was mandatory for every traveller to the former apartheid enclave to produce the certificate at the point of entry. Yet, it is shocking, to say the least, that the immigration personnel in former President Nelson Mandela's country could adjudge documents that were officially verified before the issuance of visas as fake. Fake yellow fever vaccination certificate or not, it is on record that Nigerians have never been treated fairly in South Africa right from the point of entry. As some visitors to the country have pointed out, the authorities often force them to go for a second inoculation, as they place no value whatsoever on the yellow card issued in Nigeria. Jide Babalola and John Ofikhenua, both Abuja-based reporters who visited the former apartheid enclave some years ago, recalled being given the Hobson's choice of either taking their $100 vaccination at the airport or being turned back to Nigeria. Therefore, one is tempted to ask: Is this just a disagreement over simple health certificate as the South African authorities are trying to portray or the odium that the Nigerian green passport attracts at different entry points in foreign lands?
Moreover, why should Nigeria always be the butt of every rude joke in the comity of nations? The government's righteous rage over the South African issue could not have come at a better time. We may fancy ourselves as Africa's Big Brother, but when brotherliness is reciprocated with the kind of silly chauvinism coming out of Madiba's territory, then a decisive action is needed to define the terms of that relationship. It is after doing this that the abused party in the marriage of inconvenience can then take a deep pulse and embark on some sort of introspection. It is not enough to take retaliatory action by deporting visiting South Africans on flimsy excuses or threaten businesses owned by their citizens here. We cannot continue to blow hot and cold over a matter that the South African government continues to treat with kid gloves. The arrogance that has been displayed by Johannesburg so far could only mean one thing——the xenophobic feeling may be deeper than what is occasionally meted out to Nigerians at the airports and on the streets as it happened in 2009 when foreigners, especially Nigerians, were attacked by enraged youths. There is reason to suspect an official imprimatur of the South African authorities in this nonsense.
Nevertheless, we need to ask the question: why should any Nigerian be in a hurry to leave the shores of this country and chew his sorrow in places where his humanity counts for nothing? In truth, South Africa is becoming an alternative destination for restless Nigerians in search of the proverbial Golden Fleece as a report written by Joke Kujenya and published in The NATION of Thursday, March 8, 2012 has shown. Her visit to the South African embassy in Lagos indicates that more Nigerians are battling to obtain visas. Yet, here is a country with a high crime rate with murders, assaults, rapes (adults, child and infant) and others taking the pole position when compared to most countries. With an average of 50 murders a day and over 18,000 annually, it is befuddling that many of us would give an arm and a leg to obtain a South African visa. Violence and coercive sexual behaviour against women may be seen as somewhat legitimate in South Africa but that did not stop many Nigerian ladies from longing for visas that would enable them to take up lucrative prostitution career during the last World Cup hosted by the country. Xenophobia or not, Nigerians continue to take their chances. Why?
The hopelessness and despair at home have pushed many to take the suicidal decision to try their luck in countries where things are, at least, presumed to be better organized. If South Africa-based firms are making more profits in Nigeria than they do in their country, it is because they have succeeded in tapping into the boundless opportunities many of us have failed to see. We do not need to list the names but we do know those multinational companies that are reaping billons of naira yearly as profits all because they appear more focused. We do not need to begrudge them and we cannot blame them for our inability to put our economy in proper shape. These same firms are offering jobs to thousands of Nigerians who could have joined the long line of visa seekers only to be treated as common criminals and refugees. That is the tragedy of the Nigerian story.
We cannot continue to waddle in self-pity, boasting about our resolute stance against apartheid and how delighted we were when an end was put to the colour war with the emergence of the symbol of that fight, Nelson Mandela, as President of a post-apartheid South Africa. That was in the past. We need to move on and begin to address the local xenophobic tendencies threatening to tear us apart. Should I list them? If care is not taken, little known countries in Africa that are barely on crutches may inflict graver assault on travelling Nigerians for being a wasteful Big Brother that would settle for just any crumbs. We definitely cannot continue to whine about how our good deeds are not being appreciated.
As a nation, we should be concerned that majority of those deported to Nigeria by the South African authorities were students. With a decaying education system, dearth of infrastructure and crying unemployment, South Africa and some other countries on the continent are increasingly becoming attractive for many Nigerians. It is doubtful if the subculture of violence and criminality in these places would ever discourage them from taking the jump. The reason is simple: nothing indicates that they would be better off staying back home in Nigeria. In any case, what difference does it make if all they need to do is to replace the ethnic bigotry at home with the biting hatred by the host communities? Today, the government accuses the South African government of xenophobia against Nigerians. That may be true and it is should be condemned. However, what concrete step has the government taken to put an end to the ethnic discontents brewing at home?
These discontents come in various shapes and forms. They are at the heart of our national malaise. Today, it is South Africa. Tomorrow, it could be the turn of Sao Tome and Principe to humiliate Nigerians out of their tiny oil-producing island if we do not get our priorities right. We bicker over little things and ignore those things that can make us truly great. Perhaps, the South African government would not be in a position to jeer back at us with a disturbing eerie silence over the controversial Yellow Fever certificate row if its officials are not conversant with our usual double-speak. While some diplomats have been hitting the headlines, threatening diplomatic war with any country that diminishes the sovereignty of the country, some other persons are busy ferrying their loots to the former apartheid enclave to buy choice houses, invest in education and the best health facilities that money can buy. A bird, who should know, whispered to me that this is the tragic contradiction in this latest spat. Most of our leading politicians and briefcase businessmen should get my drift. Now, do you still wonder why one party has maintained a dignified silence leaving the other to go on with its raving folly?
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Stabilized controlled release pharmaceutical preparations are disclosed in which active ingredient degradation is prevented without the use of a stabilizer. The active ingredient is sealed away from excipients that can adversely affect stability by sealing the excipients rather than the active ingredient. The preparations are substantially unaffected by exposure to storage conditions of elevated temperature and/or elevated relative humidity.
1. A method for stabilizing pharmaceutical preparations in solid dosage forms by:
preventing direct contact between excipients that have a negative effect on stability of pharmaceutically active ingredients, said method comprising:
a) adding a sealing component to said excipients to form a sealed excipient component; and
b) combining said sealed excipient component with a composition comprising pharmaceutically active components to form a stable composition, wherein the sealed excipients comprise a combination of low molecular weight and high molecular weight polyethylene oxides.
2. The method of
3. A pharmaceutical composition in solid form comprising pharmaceutically active ingredients combined with excipients having a negative effect on stability, comprising:
(a) bupropion hydrochloride;
(b) a compressible tableting filler;
(c) a glidant;
(d) a lubricant; and
(e) a component comprising a mixture of:
(i) a low molecular weight polyethylene oxide;
(ii) a high molecular weight polyethylene oxide; and
(iii) hydroxypropyl cellulose; as a sealing component to seal (i) and (ii).
4. A pharmaceutical composition of
5. A pharmaceutical composition of
The present invention relates to novel, stable oral controlled-release dosage formulations without the need for acid stabilizers. More specifically, the present invention relates to highly stable solid oral dosage formulations in the form of a tablet or pellets that maintain at least 90% of initial drug or other active ingredients potency after one year.
Stability is an important aspect of all forms of controlled release dosage forms and other formulations for active ingredients. Stability study requirements are covered in the United States Pharmacopia 24th Edition (USP XXIV), in the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) as well as in FDA Guidelines. The ingredients used in controlled release dosage forms often present special problems with regard to their physical stability during storage. Strategies used in the prior art to stabilize controlled release formulations include: insuring the individual ingredients are in a stable form prior to their incorporation into the product; retarding the instability by adding additional ingredients; inducing the individual ingredients to reach a stable state before the product is completed; changing the porosity and/or hydration level of a polymeric film to adjust the moisture content of the product; and proper packaging of the product.
In some instances, active ingredients of solid controlled release formulation degrade by hydrolysis. For example, hydrolysis of bupropion hydrochloride is encouraged in environments where the pH is above 4, as well as in the presence of (hydrophilic) excipients. The prior art shows that hydrolysis of certain active ingredients can be retarded in an acidic environment. Accordingly, acidified additives or formulations have been used to retard degradation.
Examples of prior art formulations of the drug bupropion hydrochloride demonstrate the use of acidic stabilizing ingredient to prevent degradation of the active ingredient. Bupropion hydrochloride is an aminoketone-derivative designated as (�)-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(1,1-dimethylethyl) amino]-1-propanone hydrochloride and described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,358,970; 5,427,798; 5,731,000, 5,763,493; Re. 33,994; 3,819,706 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,885,046. It is marketed as an antidepressant and as an aid to smoking cessation. The drug is chemically unrelated to tricyclic, tetracyclic or selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors. Noradrenergic pathways and/or dopaminergic effects appear to be the primary mechanism for antidepressant and smoking cessation actions. The dosing regimen for sustained-release bupropion is once or twice daily.
The stability of bupropion hydrochloride and other active ingredients may be affected by factors including formulation and storage conditions. Heat lability of bupropion hydrochloride formulations is known. Although bupropion hydrochloride is stable in bulk and in most simple blends, the drug is unstable in complex mixtures such as granulations or tablets.
Stability studies of mixtures with lubricants show that bupropion is stable in the presence of talc but stability is poor in the presence of magnesium stearate or stearic acid. A lubricant, such as, magnesium stearate is often added to prevent picking and sticking on a high-speed rotary press. Bupropion formulations without stabilizers lose more than 50% of active ingredient potency at six weeks of accelerated conditions.
Labeling of conventional tablets or extended-release tablets of bupropion hydrochloride indicates storage at a temperature of 15-25� C. and protection from light and moisture. Extended release tablets of bupropion should be stored in tight, light-resistant containers at a temperature of 20-25� C. (USP Pharmacopeial Forum, Vol. 26(4): July-August 2000).
The prior art describes the use of stabilizers to prevent degradation of the active ingredient. For example, the patents summarized below teach the addition of an organic or inorganic acid as a separate stabilizing ingredient for formulations of bupropion hydrochloride.
Sustained release tablet forms of bupropion are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,427,798, comprising a sustained release tablet where controlled release is achieved by combining bupropion particles with microcrystalline cellulose and hydrogel-forming high molecular weight, high viscosity grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. Stabilization of this formulation is taught by addition of cysteine hydrochloride or glycine hydrochloride.
Stabilization by acidification of the environment in which degradation occurs in pharmaceutical compositions containing bupropion is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,968,553. In this patent, the stabilizer is an inorganic acid having an aqueous solution pH of about 0.5 to 4.0 at a concentration of about 0.31% w/w. The inorganic acids are selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. The stabilizer constitutes from about 0.01% to about 5% of the amount of bupropion hydrochloride in the composition.
Solid bupropion formulations containing acidic stabilizers are also disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,358,970 where the stabilizer has an aqueous pH of about 0.9 to 4.0 at an aqueous solution concentration of about 6% w/w and are solid or liquid at 30� C. Stabilizers used are selected from the group consisting of L-cysteine hydrochloride, glycine hydrochloride, ascorbic acid, malic acid, sodium metabisulfite, isoascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, L-cysteine dihydrochloride or their combinations.
Stabilization of the commercially available Wellbutrin� SR is achieved by acidification with L-cysteine hydrochloride.
Although the prior art teaches incorporating acidification additives to reduce the hydrolytic degradation of active ingredients, it is less desirable because: 1) it may not be suitable for pharmaceutical compositions with basic excipients and 2) it represents additional ingredients in the formulation. The need exists for a stable controlled release bupropion formulation that does not require a stabilizer and which may be used with basic excipients. Such delayed delivery dosage formulations have a practical application, and represent a valuable contribution to the medical arts. The present invention provides such compositions, and offers efficient and cost effective methods of preparation.
The present invention meets the unfulfilled needs of the pharmaceutical industry by providing a stable oral dosage formulation that overcomes the problems of the prior art. The present invention may also have application to other solid delivery forms of active ingredients, such as algicides, antioxidants, air purifiers, biocides, bactericides, catalysts, chemical reactants, disinfectants, fungicides, fermentation agents, fertility inhibitors, fertility promoters, germicides, herbicides, insecticides, microorganism attenuators, pesticides, plant growth promoters, plant growth inhibitors, preservatives, rodenticides, sterilization agents, sex sterilants, and the like.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a novel and useful sustained-release formulation that is free of any organic or inorganic acid stabilizing additive component. This represents an unexpected improvement in the art and substantially overcomes the disadvantages known to the prior art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a formulation for solid delivery forms of other active ingredients.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide both a method of stabilizing bupropion hydrochloride to slow the degradation thereof and provide products that can be stored for long periods of time at room temperature, i.e., under humidity and temperature conditions usually encountered in pharmacies and medicine cabinets. It is a further object to provide solid oral dosage forms where the amount of active drug will be prevented from being reduced to less than about 90% of its labeled strength, and more preferably not less than about 95% of the labeled strength after one year of storage under the aforementioned usually encountered conditions.
It is also an object of the invention to provide an acid free, sustained-release bupropion dosage system that is therapeutically or biologically equivalent to sustained-release bupropion formulations that contain an organic or inorganic acid.
It is an object of the invention to produce a stable formulation of bupropion hydrochloride suitable for once daily administration, in the form of a blend of beads or pellets as a tablet or capsule dosage form that overcomes the need to add stabilizers.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention are not taught in the prior art but will be more apparent to those versed in the art from the following specification, taken in conjunction with the accompanying claims.
The invention provides sustained-release formulations that can provide an alternative to the prior art formulations. The prior art formulations typically require the presence of a stabilizer, such as an organic or inorganic acid. An embodiment of the subject invention provides for a stable bupropion hydrochloride formulation for once or twice daily dosing without the need for adding the acid or other stabilizing component.
Unlike the prior art, the subject invention favorably influences stability by physically sealing the excipients rather than chemically adjusting pH. In this novel formulation, stability is achieved, even in higher pH environments, by sealing the excipients rather than sealing the active drug, as has been previously done. This protective coating thereby prevents the absorption of moisture by the excipients during storage. Thus, the invention can be applied to any drug or other active component that will undergo hydrolytic decomposition in the presence of moisture and/or other moisture triggered decomposition reactions or other destabilization mechanisms.
Stabilizer, as the term is used herein, refers to compounds capable of chemically inhibiting or preventing degradation of bupropion hydrochloride. Stabilizers in prior art formulations were added to formulations of bupropion hydrochloride to improve chemical and physical stability. According to previous bupropion formulations containing stabilizers, tablets should retain about 80-90% or more of active ingredient at the end of one year in the presence of stabilizers.
The stability of bupropion hydrochloride formulated according to the present invention, without stabilizers, was tested in accordance with and exceeded current pharmaceutical industry standards for storage (i.e., four to twelve weeks at about 40� C. and about 75% relative humidity). Formulations of the present invention stored under these conditions retain at least about 90% of the bupropion hydrochloride present in the composition at the time of storage. In many instances, formulations of the present invention retain more than about 95% of their original potency, and more preferably retain at least about 98% of bupropion hydrochloride present in the composition at the time of storage. Standard procedures such as HPLC or UV spectroscopic methods may be used to determine the amount of active ingredient remaining after storage. Shelf life assay limits of 90 to 110 percent of the labeled strength tablet are applied. The design of the stability studies was in compliance with the general requirements suggested by the FDA stability guidelines.
The total amount of inactive ingredients in the formulations is preferably 30% or more of the weight of the bupropion.
Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention generally contain from about 50 to about 300 mg of bupropion hydrochloride as the active ingredient. More preferably, compositions of the invention contain about 100 mg to about 200 of active ingredient and may be in the form of tablets, caplets or capsules.
Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention as in Example 1 below, may contain combinations of low and high molecular weight osmopolymers. Osmopolymers are swellable, hydrophilic polymers that interact with water and aqueous biological fluids causing the osmopolymer to swell or expand and retain water in the polymer structure. One preferred group of osmopolymers are the polyethylene oxides. The preferred polyethylene oxides are those with higher molecular weight, i.e., 2�106 and higher, that provide delayed drug release via the hydrophilic polymer matrix. The drug release proceeds as a controlled diffusion, dependent on the molecular weight (hereinafter "MW") of the polyethylene oxide (PEO); the higher the MW, the slower the rate of drug released. A preferred PEO is Poly-ox WSR Coagulant (MW 5,000,000, viscosity 5,500-7,500 mPa�s at 25� C.).
The addition of an osmagent may enhance the regulation of the rate of diffusion through the membrane and thus enhance regulation of the rate of drug release. Preferred water-soluble resins for use as osmagents are those with MWs less than 0.6�106. Most preferred is Poly-ox WSR N-80 (MW 200,000) (viscosity of 65 to 115 mPa�s at 25� C.). When the drug is formulated by combining the higher MW polyethylene oxides (viscosity of 5000 to 20,00 mPa�s at 25� C.) with low MW polyethylene oxides (viscosity of 50 to 200 mPa�s at 25� C.), the release is controlled by the swelling of the polymer as well as by polymer erosion, thereby producing a substantially constant rate of delivery over a 24 hour period. A preferred concentration of the high MW to low MW polyethylene oxides for bupropion was determined to be a mixture of about 1:1.24 (wt./wt.) although other ratios are within the contemplated scope of the present invention.
The present invention discloses stabilization of the controlled release dosage form without the need for chemical stabilizers by sealing the low and high molecular weight polyethylene oxides with a water-soluble polymer, thereby physically separating them away from the bupropion. Any of the known film forming water-soluble polymers may be used in this regard. For example, water-soluble polymers such as hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) may be used as seal coats for the polyethylene oxides in this application. Generally, the HPC and HPMC useful as seal coats in the practice of the present invention have average molecular weights of 80,000 to 1,150,000, and 12,600 to 104,000, respectively. Preferred is hydroxypropylcellulose as in Examples 1.
Also, an effective amount of any generally accepted pharmaceutical lubricant may be added to compress the tablet cores of Example 1. Tablet lubricants are preferably selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monostearates, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or stearic acid. Most preferably, magnesium stearate is present as a lubricant to prevent the tablets from sticking during processing on a high-speed rotary press. Magnesium stearate is added to the granulation to assist compression. In the preferred embodiment in Example 1 below, the magnesium stearate is used in an amount of less than about 1% by weight of the tablet, although other amounts known to those skilled in the art may be employed.
A glidant or anti-caking agent also may be employed in the practice of the present invention. Suitably, these may be chosen from any known such agents, such as, for example, colloidal silicon dioxide or talc. In Example 1 below, colloidal silicon dioxide is the preferred glidant.
Lactose may also be added as a tabletting filler, or diluent, which can aid in the processing and tableting. The use of lactose can be seen in Example 1. Preferably, anhydrous lactose may be used as a diluent. In a preferred embodiment, the optimal amount of lactose is found to be from about 25% to about 40% by weight of the formulation. Other such excipients known to those skilled in the art, such as sucrose, dextrose, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, xylitol, fructose, sorbitol, and mixtures thereof also may be used.
The following examples illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The formulation contained the following ingredients in the following amounts:
In a GPGC-5 Glatt fluid-bed processor 2.477 kg of polyethylene oxide (M.W. 200,000) and 1.99 kg of polyethylene oxide (M.W. 5,000,000) were loaded. A solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose (0.532 kg) in acetone and isopropyl alcohol (2:1) was sprayed on the powders using the following settings:
After all the solution was sprayed, the granules were dried in the fluid-bed processor until the loss on drying (LOD) reached below 1%. The granules were unloaded from the fluid-bed processor and passed through a 20 mesh screen.
The bupropion hydrochloride, lactose, colloidal silicon dioxide were weighed out and sifted through a 30 mesh screen. The sifted ingredients were then blended with polyethylene oxide granules for 15 minutes. After mixing with magnesium stearate (sifted through a 30 mesh screen) for 5 minutes, the blend was compressed into tablets using {fraction (11/32)}″ round, standard concave tooling.
Product stability data were obtained for this formulation stored for 5 months under accelerated conditions (40� C. and 75% relative humidity). The tablets retained 99.5% potency after 5 months of storage at 40� C. and 75% relative humidity.
While certain preferred and alternative embodiments of the invention have been set forth for purposes of disclosing the invention, modifications to the disclosed embodiments may occur to those who are skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all embodiments of the invention and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The above-referenced patents and publications are hereby incorporated by reference.
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AEGIS Business Advisors is an independent company with the flexibility in our approach to business needs and pricing of services to adjust to almost any situation. We are selective in who we choose to work with and do not need to worry about making our numbers dictated by someone upstream regardless of how it impacts you.
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Silent partner
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
|Look up silent partner in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Silent partner may refer to:
- An anonymous member of a business partnership, or one uninvolved in management
- Silent partner (climbing), a piece of climbing equipment
- Silent Partner, a memoir by Dina Matos, a former First Lady of New Jersey
- The Silent Partners, a Season 4 episode of The Venture Bros.
- The Silent Partner (1917 film), silent film drama produced by Jesse Lasky
- The Silent Partner (1923 film), silent film drama produced by Famous Players-Lasky
- The Silent Partner (1978 film), Canadian crime film directed by Daryl Duke
- The Silent Partner (soundtrack), soundtrack for the 1978 film
- Silent Partner (film), a 2005 film starring Andrew Stevens
|This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Silent partner.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.


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About Us
Welcome to the Baylor College of Medicine Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences in Houston, Texas. As a graduate school within a leading medical school, our goal is to provide rigorous scientific training in basic, translational and clinical sciences while maintaining a focus on how discoveries impact human health. The research resources of Baylor and the Texas Medical Center, the largest healthcare complex in the world, give our faculty, postdoctoral fellows and graduate students access to research resources unparalleled anywhere.
Our faculty includes nine members of the National Academy of Sciences, thirteen members of the Institute of Medicine, two Howard Hughes Investigators, and many leaders of professional societies, editors of peer-reviewed journals and recipients of prestigious awards.
Our location in Houston, a multi-cultural city that blends the benefits of big city diversity with small town community, allows faculty, fellows and students to achieve a higher standard of living than that afforded to researchers in other cities around the country.
Considering joining us as a faculty member, fellow or student? Explore our:


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what's next for Marvel (movies)?
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June 6 2012, 06:54 PM
Temis the Vorta
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Location: Tatoinne
Re: what's next for Marvel (movies)?
Tidbit of news about
Captain America 2
Presumably this has to be set in the 21st C. Is it going to be an overtly political story that deals with Cap's reactions to 21st C America, what he thinks has gone right and wrong? That could be interesting, but hard to pull off in a comic book action flick.
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Many go to the site looking for advice on doctors, often foreign, as the cost for the surgery could be less than half as much overseas.
Apotheosis traveled to Germany to have internal rods implanted and now he is the one responsible for controlling the lengthening, twisting his legs back and forth to extend the rod inside.
Despite the pain and financial burden, patients like Apotheosis say those few more inches of height can make a big difference.
"When I walk down the street a different person perceived differently by the world for the rest of my life, you know, I am who I want to be now," he said.
He chose the moniker Apotheosis, he said, because "it means to become godlike -- become the best you can be. It's a Greek word."
"And that's kind of what I want? And I am not trying to be godlike; I am trying to be the best me that I can be."
Watch the full story on "The Cutting Edge," a "20/20" special, online here.


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One of the mares at our new barn has what appears to be an abscess. It looks to be blowing out on her coronet band and she is slightly off. She was only off for a day before and then it showed up. We are pretty sure it is an abscess as there is really no other way she would have cut herself there. It is pretty wide though, about 2 inches long. Personally I have never had to deal with one here. My gelding has only had one blow out the back on his hoof bulb and I helped a friend whos gelding had one that blew out the bottom of the hoof.
So question, do you normally still wrap? They are turned out on 160 acres but there is still some areas where there is water from melting snow. For the most part though she stands witht he others in the hay piles.
Also should they be soaking it? I took out stuff for them to do it if needed. As well how long does it normally take to grow out when its right at the coronet band? Its right in the front.
I should add too, vet was called out. Was supposed to go out last night but wasnt able to make it. He will be out tonight. Also, this isnt my horse but I help out as much as I can around there. Its a very small boarding barn and we look out for eachother.


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Welcome To Bowie County
Today, Bowie County has a population of approximately 90,000 people, fifty percent of that population lives in Texarkana. Bowie County is diverse, ranging from a suburban lifestyle to a very rural way of life.
In the early 1800's, Caddo Indians inhabited this area when white men first came to explore and settle. The Caddo were a non-nomadic tribe, living in conical, grass thatched huts. They raised corn, beans, squash, sunflowers and tobacco.
Bowie County has changed over the years, as have the needs of its residents. To address those needs, the staff of Texas A&M Agrilife Extension Service of Bowie County offers a wide variety of educational programs and informational literature. Programs are offered in traditional agriculture, 4-H and youth development, horticulture and family and consumer sciences.