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Two Sheds
Joined: Jun 2004
Location: Pt Pleasant, NJ USA
Oddometer: 2,374
A Case for Starting Adventure Riding Clubs.
Although there's still some debate on whats really an adventure bike, a trail bike, or a dual sport bike etc, and the line between a Dual Sport and an Enduro bike is becoming fuzzy, there is no question that the big bikes like GS's and 950 Adventures are a different breed.
I think most riders would agree that some bikes are not suited for every type of event, or that some events are not a good idea on big bikes. Finding out how difficult the ride will be on your bike, and for your skill level is of utmost importance for your safety and well-being. The mindset of the group and riders laying out the course determines the type of event it will be. Some of the DS events are said to be" Big Bike Friendly", this is a matter of interpretation and where most of the issues start. Some clubs say their event is doable on Big Bikes only to boost attendance, other clubs events truly are doable. How does the average ADV rider know what he is getting him or herself into?
The AMA now has two non-competitive off-road series, the Dual Sport series and the Adventure Series. Most of the Dual Sport rides, at least here on the East Coast, are hosted by enduro clubs. They hold the DS rides to fund the club, who's charter requires they hold one enduro per year. The attendance at most of the Enduros has been down the last few years, so the DS rides help keep the Enduros, which sometimes lose money, from being cancelled.
The enduro clubs however are not really into Adventure Style rides, their members are 95% enduro riders, with a few ADV guys hanging around. The enduro guys really only want to do enduros, and ride single-track enduro type trails. Only a few members get behind the adventure rides, at least here on the east coast. Most of the Adventure series rides here on the East Coast are run by enduro clubs and are also DS events, with Hero sections and Big Bikes Go arounds, and it all works out most of the time.
Another issue is that there are only a handful of DS / ADV rides. Only a couple of dozen events in the USA for the whole year! So how do we get to ride more? My proposal is to start AMA Chartered Adventure Riding clubs. These clubs would be formed by inmates here and follow the model of the Enduro Clubs. Each Club would create an event or two per year, with the members laying out and working their event. Another way is for many ADV riders to join existing clubs and force a vote on having a real ADV ride.
I know there are pro's and con's to the AMA and forming "organizations". The fastest and easiest way to get a new ride going is to use the system that is already in place. Insurance is a must for anyone hosting an event, and the AMA's insurance is inexpensive and easy to obtain. I've had a few "discussions" with inmates here, about joining clubs or why an AMA sanction is important, some didn't go well, but over the years, most of them saw the light and joined an Enduro Club and have become productive members.
So let the debate begin.
"Lets see whats out there"
Capt Jon Luc Piccard
"I hear that you have some negative memories"
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Stay dirty my friends!
Bigfoot has a picture of me!
Studly Adventurer
Joined: May 2007
Oddometer: 655
I absolutely agree with you. Most DS rides on the East Coast are by enduro riders, for enduro riders with plated smokers and woodsbikes. Granted, I love this fact because, I'm an enduro rider. BUT, I also give guided dual-sport tours for a living here in the Great Smoky Mountains of WNC/EastTn.
I have the mecca for each end of the spectrum here...offroad to adventure... and the pavement is really where it's at. My heart is in offroad, so I generally cater to the offroad crowd. My ride reports that I post often are mainly of offroad riding, but that's the image I portray and the customer that I bring in.
A little known fact, however, is that there is much more adventure type riding here in the mountains. I would like to portray that image more in my own business. I also think this is a great idea for the East Coast AMA DS rides. As far as just me on my end, I can offer much more adventure riding than true offroad.
I know the rest of the East could do the same. The ADV crowd definitely needs more DS events tuned to their needs, in the form of long-distance rally's and events of that type. Sure, I can give any customer a bad-ass 150-mile loop consisting of 75% offroad riding in any direction from my home base here in Waynesville, NC.
BUT...I can also give the ADV crowd a killer 500-mile 2-day rally/adventure ride. It's just not as well-known here in the East...folks think that Baja is the only place this can happen. Not true. I support your idea and agree.
Two Sheds
Joined: Jun 2004
Location: Pt Pleasant, NJ USA
Oddometer: 2,374
Thats it?
You guys are tough!
Check out the same title in the NorthEast Forum. At least there's some discussion.
Stay dirty my friends!
Bigfoot has a picture of me!
Joined: Jul 2004
Location: Triangle
Oddometer: 2,319
Adventure riding
Why not just join the HSTA? www.ridehsta.com
I've been a member for years and there are rides for just about anything you want. Trust me, there are PLENTY of good riders and great events for both street riding and off road riding. Any weekend of the year you can get a ride going with the guys in WNC and TN either DS or tearing up the twisties.
The nice part is they aren't a bunch of dumb asses that you have to fish out of a creek or haul their trashed bikes up a ravine every ride. Are they slow...ah NO!!!! There are a lot of ex racers but very sensible and like riding home after an event.
They have "non events" as well as AMA sanctioned ones for insurance reasons events.
The national president of the club lives right in Morganton.
The forum is very active and always a ride going on every weekend or even week days if you feel inclined.
Let Yanni do the secret stuff he is good at and support him. Try the HSTA for an event and see what you think.
There has been a big movement in the club with local members towards DS fire road type of riding.
2013 Beta 300 Trials
1966 Honda 305 Scrambler
The Fireman
Joined: Sep 2007
Location: Hope Mills, N.C.
Oddometer: 7,566
I would have to aggree that the DS events here are more trail oriented and the only reason they are listed as DS events is the need to run on state maintained roads to connect the trails to make the ride long enough to have a good attendence. I go to Uwharrie NF and can run all the trails there before lunch. I have done several Shendoah 500 DS rides (an AMA series event) put on by North Virgina Trail Riders Ass. (www.nvtr.com)
The event is well laid out and has the "Hero" sections clearly marked so the larger bikes can detour and still have a good ride.
If a group was started I would be interested in seeing how it would be set up and where the rides would be held. Most of the attraction to the AMA events is the route is marked and made easier to follow. A street ride can be done by anyone with a good map and can be done on their own limiting what a group can offer the weekend riders out for a nice street ride.
I will watch and see where this goes.
Life has F@#ked with the wrong man. I will come out on top. Just watch.
Joined: Jul 2004
Location: Triangle
Oddometer: 2,319
DS riding and a club
Like I said...there already is a club that does just that and it is right here.
The HSTA has 3 sanctioned events that have DS routes. Nolichucky TN has a DS route. SE Star has kick ass DS routes. Etowah is 3 days of off road riding and is sometimes done 2 times a year.
This year the national event will be around Snowshoe and will have maybe 400 riders or more and there will definitely be DS riding.
The rides have different ways to get around the singletrack parts if that is what you need to do.
If you want to ride strictly paved, there are rides every weekend.
These are just the sanctioned events that are usually ride in Friday, ride all day Saturday, and ride home Sunday foor included sometimes.
Other than those, there is either a road ride or DS ride about every weekend in WNC or TN.
Maybe it would be easier to just join an existing club and get involved with it and make it suit your needs.
To me, it is a no brainer. If I want to ride DS next Tuesday , I just post on the site and there are replies as to where to meet and where is the food stop?
Why would I want to start a brand new club?
The nice thing about this one is that it has regional membership all across the USA that come together for events and support.
I have a club supplied "blue book" that lists everyone in the club. Want to ride in Ohio? Post on that site and some local will meet you in the woods. Break down in Kentucky? Call anyone on the KY list and I guarantee they or someone will show up with a trailer. It is THAT kind of club.
I don't need another one personally, but that is just me and a thousand or so others. Try the HSTA
2013 Beta 300 Trials
1966 Honda 305 Scrambler
Studly Adventurer
Joined: May 2007
Oddometer: 655
I think his main point is the direction of the AMA DS events, in which he is right. HSTA is a great club, but I don't think that's exactly what he's saying. Dedicated Adventure DS rides is what I'm hearing, under the AMA banner. That doesn't exist right now.
Anyone can hook up with me anytime they wish. But they can also run larger events. Most prefer the large events because of the social atmosphere. Hooking up with one or two peeps off a website is a far cry from riding the Shenendoah 500, even if you're running the same route.
Joined: Jul 2005
Location: Newton NC
Oddometer: 5,495
ANY paid, organized, group ride has nothing to do with Adventure.
Adventure is a state of mind, that can be done on any type of bike. Owning a DS type bike does not make anyone an "Adventure" rider.
Sheep follow each other around, on a path.
Men marry women with the hope they will never change. Women marry men with the hope they will change. Invariably they are both disappointed.
― Albert Einstein
Studly Adventurer
Joined: May 2007
Oddometer: 655
Okay I'll put it another way. He means more of a ''rally'' style affair...i.e. long distance 50/50...as opposed to trail-hopping DS rides. ''Adventure'' is indeed a state of mind, but carries a different meaning in this discussion.
The term is being used to describe the type of riding. For example in a DDS ride: Adventure = 50/50; Dual-Sport = 85/15 in most cases.
Joined: Jul 2004
Location: Triangle
Oddometer: 2,319
Adventure riding
ANY paid, organized, group ride has nothing to do with Adventure.
Adventure is a state of mind, that can be done on any type of bike. Owning a DS type bike does not make anyone an "Adventure" rider
I guess you haven't been to one of our "non event" rides. Getting lost is usually the norm.
Maybe that is true on most other events. Do you have to ride by yourself to make it an adventure? On a DS bike, that is usually just not smart, so you are always following or leading.
I agree that running down the road following 20 others on a planned route isn't a real adventure for some, but it is for others. It all depends on who and where you are heading out with that makes it an adventure IMO.
2013 Beta 300 Trials
1966 Honda 305 Scrambler
Joined: Dec 2007
Location: Birmingham, Alabama
Oddometer: 936
adventure is a state of mind
Couldn't agree more with dlrides observation above:
"Any paid, organized, group ride has nothing to do with Adventure.
Adventure is a state of mind, that can be done on any type of bike. Owning a DS type bike does not make anyone an "Adventure" rider.
Sheep follow each other around, on a path."
and would add: Get a map, a friend and strike out. It's amazing what you can find even in your own backyard.
Two Sheds
Joined: Jun 2004
Location: Pt Pleasant, NJ USA
Oddometer: 2,374
Now we're talking!
Sorry I've been missing. I had to do a unexpected trade show the last couple of days. I've read the posts quickly, but need to spend a little time reading them again to reply. But the real idea of the post is to get the discussion going about how to best create some more off-road events. The Shenendoah 500 is a great event from what I've heard. It's events like that, that I talking about.
Here's a link to the Northeast Thread.
Also, remember the state laws are different up here in the NorthEast. The issues with insurance and permits may not apply down buy you guys. But that should make it easier to create an event.
I'll get back here soon. "Talk amongst yourselves" for now.
Thanks for the input.
Stay dirty my friends!
Bigfoot has a picture of me!
Joined: Jul 2004
Location: Triangle
Oddometer: 2,319
Ya'll can talk about it. I'm going riding and don't really give a shit where I end up as long as there is food and a bed when I am done.
2013 Beta 300 Trials
1966 Honda 305 Scrambler
" ONTO " Member # 3
Joined: Aug 2008
Location: Sapphire,NC
Oddometer: 386
I'm in .
Nice to have a pal ride aliong , but real adventure is spawned in the heart of one , and epitomized in same said solo heart .
Riding public lands is our privilege not our right .
Ethics people, ethics
Two Sheds
Joined: Jun 2004
Location: Pt Pleasant, NJ USA
Oddometer: 2,374
In My Humble Opinion!
Some good points here.
The HSTA seems to be doing some rides, but seem to be street orientated, and least at first glance.
The quote from dlrides:
"Any paid, organized, group ride has nothing to do with Adventure.
Adventure is a state of mind, that can be done on any type of bike. Owning a DS type bike does not make anyone an "Adventure" rider.
Sheep follow each other around, on a path."
and another from eyedragaknee
Ya'll can talk about it. I'm going riding and don't really give a shit where I end up as long as there is food and a bed when I am done.
I'm a lucky guy, there's great riding 20 minutes from my house. Some guys have it even better, they can ride right out of their back yard.
I also had a lot of time over the years to explore and find that there are some great trails and gravels roads, and some"not so great" or worse. I'm a Dakar wannabe, so I created a 300 mile loop to practice on. The route was mostly sand and gravel fire roads and jeep trails in state forests, the plan was to ride it over and over to get in shape. After riding it a few times, improving it each time, saying, hey if I add that road instead of this one, it will be more fun. After a few more laps, over the course of a few months, I said to myself, that was really fun, maybe some other guys would like to ride it too. I put a post up on advrider and 20 guys showed up, they loved it. Five years later, we have the Pine Barrens 500.
I go out riding myself or with a friend or two often, thats when I have the most fun. On the other hand, some of my best rides have been far away from my state, in Canada or Virginia. Just 2 weeks ago, I had a great ride at another clubs DS ride. It would not have been possible for me to have the kind of ride I did, without the local organization, that put together an "event" and inviting "visitors" .
Some guys are not as lucky as me, they don't have the time, or the proximity to good riding, but they have the same desire to ride the type of events I'm talking about. THe point of my posts is to try to get guys like you to create events, either by joining and existing organization or create a group, and share what you got. You can roll the event as a charity or fund raising thing, whatever the reason, "if you build it, they will come".
I know not everyone feels the same way I do, and thats fine, I don't fault you. Some guys like to go away and ride with a bunch of like minded people, meet some new ones and BS and at the same time, have a great riding experience.
Others would rather be left alone and keep the "good stuff" for themselves. Believe me I know how bringing in "outsiders" can "F" things up. But that applies to everything. There's givers and takers everywhere.
It's what "you" do that makes the difference.
Stay dirty my friends!
Bigfoot has a picture of me!
jack splash screwed with this post 11-13-2008 at 06:08 AM
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Make Memories Last
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|Format: Paperback
Number of Pages: 135
Vendor: Lift Every Voice
Publication Date: 2008
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Review By Mike Chambers - Spetember 14, 2006
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So I thought it'd be cool to post a picture and post about our first horse or pony, or if you've never owned then the first one you leased or learnt to ride on!
This was my first pony Rosie. I got her when I was in 4th grade and she passed away 5 years later in 2010 when she was well past 30 years old. She was blind when she passed on but she was the sweetest little girl ever!
This is a picture of her the weekend I got her, yeah she was round haha!
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Results 1 to 13 of 37
April 15th, 2010 #1
<<<<VIKING & MADE ws Berlin & ironman update>>>>
I updated with an Ironman variant cover I did a few month ago. MArvel had a bunch of different artists create an ironman redesign throughout the ages. I got to do WW1, I really like how it turned out. (ps - it will be the variant cover for secret warriors #15)
Word up Gang! Sorry for not posting any art in a long while or even sticking my head in here to say hi, Ive been very busy working, but here is a preview of something I did last year among other things.
Also, I will be instructing at the MADE workshop in Berlin along with many many great people! Its going to be insane! check out the MADE site or the MADE forums here on CA for more info!
VIKING an original comic series I did with author Ivan Brandon for Image comics. Its a Viking crime story.
Since the Hardcover collection (152 pages of AWESOME!) came out last week I wanted to pimp it here. your local comic shop should have it, go take a look!!
Here is some Preview art:
the HC
and HC with single issues
the HC cover art with design by the talented Tom Muller ( http://www.hellomuller.com/ )
some single issues covers
some pages, in no order
All artwork is done by me, colors and all, I did the whole series in a traditional manner ie all on paper, the colors are digital, all painted elements are also analogue.
and last but not least here is the WS flyer again, IF you missed it
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Last edited by nicolas; April 26th, 2010 at 07:28 AM.
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April 15th, 2010 #2Registered User
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goddamn i love all of it!!!!!
the graphic designs combined with fully painted parts and the dynamic compositions are a killer combination!!
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wow, great work!!! I LOVE how you combine techniques...
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April 15th, 2010 #4
good loooord! Who's that guy? Oh yeah HIM... oh well, as usual then... damn.
April 15th, 2010 #5
Great stuff! I have all the individual issues, but went ahead and ordered a copy of the hardcover anyway because GIANT-SIZE COMICS ARE COOL!
April 15th, 2010 #6
Fantastic work Nic. Amazing versatility and skill at play here. Each panel offers something fresh and interesting which is very rare in comics today. Outside of Bill Sienkiewicz, I've never seen so many different styles work together in such a cohesive fashion.
Looking forward to getting my hands on the book!
April 16th, 2010 #7
Fuck yeah!
April 16th, 2010 #8
geezuz dude! These are all frickin fantastic man... Beautiful work.
NYSA grand national champion yogurt slinger - 1874-2061
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April 16th, 2010 #9
Portfolio http://villainsforhire.se/
April 16th, 2010 #10
Hey trapjaw! Remember when we were in IRC together and I wanted to do an art off? Yeah, you almost got me eh? So glad I didn't go against you hahaha. You are a beast my friend and one day we shall meet. Take care and if I can find a copy of your artwork or this amazing book somewhere, I'll probably pick up a couple copies.
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Absolutely Amazingly awesomely brilliant.
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April 16th, 2010 #12
Greatgreatgreat Nic!
April 16th, 2010 #13
badass! nice gritty and bloody!


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Ska, Rocksteady & Original Reggae from this seasoned 9 piece London based band who have all played with the greats!
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text:
I was sketching when I decided to design an alternative logo design for Apple.
I tried to keep it minimal, design centered and computers/technology related.
Typography Details: Each letter (excepting the "l") has an apple shape. Although I kept them box-like to emphasize the tech side.
Feedback is welcome.
// Note: All my unused logo designs are for sale.
More Adrian Bornea
keyboard shortcuts: ← previous shot → next shot L or F like Z toggle zoom


text:
Darion Aguilar
Columbia Mall shooting: Gunman didn't know victims, police say
Police say the man who killed two people at a Maryland mall in January had no connection with his victims and may have had a fixation with the 1999 Columbine High School shooting.
Columbia Mall reopens Monday after shooting
The mall where a Maryland teenager gunned down two people before killing himself was set for a somber reopening Monday under increased security.
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Watch ABC7 News at 4!ABC7 gives you MORE news in your afternoons with an extra hour, an hour earlier! Watch to see what's trending in your community and world every weekday afternoon at 4pm right after back to back "Hot Bench" shows at 3pm on ABC7.


text: I always need a project and I have long wanted a VAL . Of course they are never going to be imported , and the 9x39 ammo is all but impossible to get. So I would like a look/ shoot alike. Probably something to built to fire only subsonic 300 blackout. Does anyone have drawings of a VAL?


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In March, we are visiting four cities across Canada to give a full day workshop to help you get started building Windows Phone apps. In this workshop, you can expect to learn how to build apps for Windows Phone and have expert support for you to build your very own Windows Phone app or game. It's a full day of learning, doing and fun – get brained up on Windows Phone!
If you live in or close to Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto or Vancouver and you want to learn how to build Windows Phone apps, this is an event you'll want to attend. For $25, you will receive a full day of training and support in building your Windows Phone apps. Microsoft, in partnership with Wavefront, is offering this workshop to help you kickstart your app creation on Windows Phone, with the intent that at the end of the day, you will have the knowledge you need to not only start an app, but get far enough along that you'll be close to publishing the app (depending on its complexity).
The registration links are here:
The agenda and details are as follows:
Wavefront and Microsoft are pleased to present a hands-on WaveGuide code camp for developers that will help you build your app and get you prepared to submit it to the Windows Phone Marketplace. With an application ecosystem that is continuing to not only grow, but accelerate in growth, now is the time to port your existing apps to Windows Phone and build new apps for the platform as well. In January, the Windows Phone Marketplace hit the 50,000 app/game milestone in just over a year, the fastest mobile platform to reach that mark.
The workshop will start off with a presentation that goes over the basic principles of building an app and how you submit it to the Marketplace. The intent of this presentation is to provide an overview of what you as a mobile developer can expect throughout the experience of building a Windows Phone 7.5 application. After the presentation, you will be able to begin building your own Windows Phone apps with support from Windows Phone experts and proctors who will answer questions that you may have. We will also have mini-lessons in regular intervals throughout the day to help you learn some of the deeper concepts of Windows Phone development. Attendees can choose to listen to these lessons or continue building the apps they started.
In order to participate in the workshop, you will need your own PC running either Windows 7 or Windows Vista. You must download the free developer tools ahead of time so you can hit the ground running rather than spend time during the workshop installing the tools.
Register by March 2 and your name will be entered in the early bird prize draw to win 1 of 2 Windows phones! At the event, you will be able to get hands-on with Windows Phone demo devices and enter for a chance to win your own!
Who should attend?
Reasons to develop apps for Windows Phone:
Hopefully we'll see you there!


text:
Piled on Sheriff L. Jesse Bane's desk are stacks of unopened mail, and among the envelopes stuffed with condolences, is a black leather-bound Bible inscribed with gold lettering.
Harford County's top lawman has been wrestling with leading an agency of 290 sworn officers through tragedy unlike any it has endured in the last two centuries: the back-to-back deaths of active duty officers. Sgt. Ian A. Loughran died in the hours after he began to suffer a heart attack at the funeral of his mentee, Cpl. Charles Barton Licato.
About 13 miles from the sheriff's office in Bel Air, Aberdeen Police Chief Henry G. Trabert is leading his 40-person force through similar heartbreak. In the days after Officer Charles N. Armetta, fell 47 feet to his death in an off-duty accident, veteran Detective Mark A. Franklin passed away from a battle with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
The four deaths came within a two-week span in September. And while Harford County was grieving, the area's tight-knit law enforcement community buried two more from within its ranks, a former sheriff and a retired state trooper.
"I struggle right now, wondering if there is more than I could have done and if there is more I can do," says Bane, a slim, rosy-cheeked man who has spent the last 37 years with the sheriff's office and has led it since 2006.
"When you have deaths that don't make any sense, you try to make sense of them. There was no chance for us to recover. Six in a row and I am starting to say to myself, 'Who's next,' or 'What happens if we have another one.' "
The agencies, though relatively small, get involved in high-profile crimes, including drug-dealing in the Interstate 95 corridor and the July kidnapping of Vi Ripken, the mother of Cal Ripken Jr. They say they'll continue to handle such cases despite the personnel losses, but can request help from other agencies if strains appear.
The sorrow of the unexpected, serial adversity offers a glimpse inside the brotherhood that exists in the ranks of law enforcement, especially within small agencies.
The brotherhood is a bond, the officials say. It develops over holidays spent away from family and in unlikely places: in a dark alley chasing a fugitive or at a domestic violence call with an armed, angry spouse.
The bodies of the fallen men were attended in 24-hour vigil by Aberdeen police and Harford deputies from the time of death to burial at the culmination of elaborate services featuring taps, processions and hundreds of uniformed officers.
At Armetta's service, his canine partner, Maverick, yelped repeatedly as an officer drove Armetta's cruiser toward the grave sight.
"We can separate a tragic crime scene from us, because it is a job, as much as it may hurt or as bad as it may look; this is personal," the straight-laced Trabert said, choking back emotion. "We can't get away from it. It's in our heart. It's in our mind.
"The guy's office was down the hall. I walk by it every day. That pain is for real."
Licato, of Rising Sun, was the first to die. The 34-year-old was killed early Sept. 6 along Route 1 near the Conowingo Dam after his car left the road for an unknown reason, slid down an embankment, and hit a pole and two trees before catching fire in a ravine.
Bane said Licato was likely heading home from work, but may have been following a lead on a felony warrant. Licato, who joined the sheriff's office in 1998, came from a family of officers. His father, Donald, is a former Baltimore homicide detective who retired from the Aberdeen Police Department less than a month ago. His brother, Donnie, is a deputy in Harford.
"He was a good, conscientious guy," said Sgt. Kevin Thomas, president of the Harford County Deputy Sheriff's Union. "He enjoyed making a difference in the community."
Licato was a bachelor who loved to play cards and work out with his dog, Gunner, a German shepherd rescue whose original owner was killed in Afghanistan.
"There was only one Charlie Licato," said Bane, who told stories of Licato's passion for the job and ideas to improve the organization.
Two days after Licato's accident, Armetta, of Joppa, was out celebrating his brother's upcoming wedding with about 10 men when a bus carrying them pulled over along Interstate 95 in Baltimore around 3 a.m. Some of the men had been wrestling on the bus, and Armetta, 29, pushed through the door and fell over the jersey wall, according to a police report.
Harford County confronts deaths of four officers
County sheriff's department and Aberdeen police mourn
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Aberdeen Chief of Police Henry Trabert stands outside the Aberdeen police station, which is draped in black bunting because of the deaths of two of their police officers in the last several weeks. (Barbara Haddock Taylor, Baltimore Sun / September 25, 2012)
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text:
Learn more about DVD VCR Storage Above TV Television Shelf Platform Single:
Manufacturer: Hersh Helman
Mfg Part#: ZB3339
Sku: 238315460
Package Weight: 2.49 lbs
See more in Entertainment Center
|TV top shelf adds a sturdy platform to your VCR, DVD player, or stereo components. Plastic 6 1/2 x 20 x 16 1/4" double shelf holds up to 22 lbs. Rear feet adjust from 1 1/2 x 4 1/2" to fit most TV sets. This listing is for a single TV top shelf only! the double shelf, tv, VCR and stereo are not included.


text:
Samsung Galaxy F to come in "perfect gold" and brushed-metal finish
We know for a fact that Samsung's love of plastic was retained to their latest Galaxy S5 flagship smartphone. And even though a "Prime" version is reportedly coming, users are
What is new?
October 13, 2014
October 8, 2014
Most Recent
Doris@garden beds on:
Harry@best deal on laptops on:


text:
WORLDS WE CREATED, formerly known as "Rocketship," is the story of a Boy's loss of innocence and imagination as a result of nearly killing one of his best friends.
67 backers pledged $8,297 to help bring this project to life.
Dear Backers,
We are proud to announce that "Worlds We Created" won Best Short Film at the United Kingdom's 2013 Suffolk Film Festival this weekend! We are thrilled and so... Read more
Worlds We Created
Our short film, originally conceived with the working title, Rocketship, is now officially titled Worlds We Created.
We believe this new title more accurately reflects the themes and... Read more
Successfully raised $8,297 USD with 67 backers
Project launched


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April 24, 2015 by Seth Lassen
It looks the Angels are close to parting ways with Josh Hamilton. A return to his former team looks like it could be the most-likely scenario. Read More
April 24, 2015 by Trevor Lowry
Josh Hamilton and the Los Angeles Angels could be parting ways much sooner than expected. Read More
April 18, 2015 by Jerry Landry
Mike Trout continues to seamlessly integrate power and speed and is on pace to become the best ever in baseball. Read More
April 9, 2015 by Brad Faber
Although Jered Weaver strung together a respectable season in 2014, his rough Opening Day start may be an indication that he won't be able to get away with his diminished velocity for much longer. Read More
April 7, 2015 by Ian Sullivan
Is Mike Trout ready to make the leap to MLB's top dog and grab the torch that was left behind by Derek Jeter? Read More
April 3, 2015 by Bill Zimmerman
MLB announced that Josh Hamilton would not be suspended for his recent drug relapse, and the Angels' response was shameful. Read More
April 3, 2015 by Jerry Landry
Drug addiction is a complex problem and shouldn't be handled as if it's a simple issue. Read More
April 3, 2015 by Timothy Downs
The arbitrator in the Josh Hamilton case made the right decision by not disciplining the outfielder. Read More
April 1, 2015 by Aaron Charles
Los Angeles Angels fans have some very good reasons to look forward to the 2015 MLB season. Read More
March 30, 2015 by Brad Faber
Here are five players who could have breakout seasons for the Los Angeles Angels in 2015. Read More
March 24, 2015 by Timothy Downs
Los Angeles Angels fans have these five undeniable reasons to be excited for 2015 MLB Opening Day. Read More
March 6, 2015 by Bryan Zarpentine
A list of five Los Angeles Angels rookies who fans should watch closely during 2015 spring training. Read More
May 22, 2015 by Mike Gibson
The latest rumor involving a trade between the Philadelphia Phillies and Los Angeles Angels makes sense for both parties. Here's why. Read More
December 10, 2014 by Jacob Kornhauser
The Los Angeles Angels may be shopping starting pitcher C.J. Wilson. Here are five teams, including some that lost out on Jon Lester, that could be interested. Read More
November 20, 2014 by Jacob Kornhauser
The Angels are making second baseman Howie Kendrick available for trade. These five teams could make serious offers that the Angels will have to consider. Read More
November 11, 2014 by Jacob Kornhauser
No real favorites have emerged for free agent Max Scherzer, but the Los Angeles Angels are looking like a potential landing spot. Read More
July 18, 2014 by Timothy Downs
July 10, 2014 by Bob Garcia IV
July 2, 2014 by Bob Garcia IV
June 26, 2014 by Bob Garcia IV
June 18, 2014 by Bob Garcia IV
April 16, 2014 by David Miller


text:
Results 1 to 10 of 32
The Namechange Log
Man, I'll tell you what. Since I joined this site, I don't think anyone has kept the same name but me
I thought we might try a thread where people note their changes in name.There's no choice but to confront you, to engage you, to erase you. I've gone to great lengths to expand my threshold of pain. I will use my mistakes against you. There's no other choice.
Enforcer of Northeast Anti-Silliness Department Inc.
- Join Date
- Jan 2006
- Location
- Long Island, NY
- Posts
- 6,899
Posted On:
11/17/2007 9:05am
Gold Summit Martial Arts Institute
- Join Date
- Dec 2006
- Location
- Buffalo, NY
- Posts
- 1,822
Posted On:
11/17/2007 9:15am
Style: Bazhengdao quan, Baji--
haha, stop giving him a hard time. I agree with ya Johnny. I get confused when people refer to others by different names sometimes.
I see Sirc, ICY, Der, to name a few. Maybe some old timers can drop some wisdom about this.The best Kung Fu school in WNY
Senior Member
- Join Date
- Oct 2005
- Location
- Porcupine/Hollywood, FL & Parmistan via Elbonia
- Posts
- 11,746
Posted On:
11/17/2007 9:54am--
elnyka -> El Macho -> Teh El Macho. I think I'm settled with the simplistic capture of my awesomeness.
Wait, wait. IIF, you did have a "?" in your name, right? I always knew you changed it somehow but couldn't put my finger on it.Read this for flexibility and injury prevention, this, this and this for supplementation, this on grip conditioning, and this on staph. New: On strenght standards, relationships and structural balance. Shoulder problems? Read this.
My crapuous vlog and my blog of training, stuff and crap. NEW: Me, Mrs. Macho and our newborn baby.
New To Weight Training? Get the StrongLifts 5x5 program and Rippetoe's "Starting Strength, 2nd Ed". Wanna build muscle/gain weight? Check this article. My review on Tactical Nutrition here.
t-nation - Dissecting the deadlift. Anatomy and Muscle Balancing Videos.
The street argument is retarded. BJJ is so much overkill for the street that its ridiculous. Unless you're the idiot that picks a fight with the high school wrestling team, barring knife or gun play, the opponent shouldn't make it past double leg + ground and pound - Osiris
C.E. B.S.net Ambassador
- Join Date
- Oct 2006
- Location
- Slovakia
- Posts
- 5,618
Posted On:
11/17/2007 9:59am
Style: (Beautiful) Spring Roll--
How is it with name changes anyway? Not that I'd plan one but does it happen at extra cost or is the privilege of certain tag-bearers?
I once suggested archiving posts with the then actual avatar picture and was told it's technically hard if not impossible to do... Pity.
CLICK & WATCH: I got BULLSHIDO ON TV!!!
"Bruce Lee sucks because I slammed my nuts with nunchucks trying to do that stupid **** back in the day. I still managed to have two kids. I forgive you Bruce." - by Vorpal
I've always been fantasy warrior. Didn't It Is Fuckwad used to be Djimbe?You are a total Douchbag. Train more, post nevermore.
FickleFingerOfFate -08-21-2007 08:59 AM
just die already.Plasma - 08-20-2007 11:45 PM
Best MA website ever!!!!!: http://www.dogjudo.co.uk/


text:
A system and method for creating a trusted network capable of facilitating secure transactions via an open network using batch credentials, such as batch PKI certificates, is presented. A certificate is bound to a group, or batch, or devices. This certificate is referenced by an activation authority upon processing a request for service by a device. Information regarding the device batch certificate is maintained in a permanent, or escrow, database. A user identity is bound to a device, as a device key is used to sign a user key created on the device in the presence of the user, and a copy of the device key is later used to decrypt the signed user key upon its transmission and receipt.
1. A method for deploying a trusted network capable of securely updating devices that allows for secure transactions over an open communications network, comprising the steps of:
binding a single credential to a plurality of devices to be used in secure transactions over the open communications network;
maintaining a manifest identifying each device of the plurality of devices bound to the single credential; where in the manifest lists the plurality of devices at the time of creation, is stored in an escrow database, and forms a list that is not altered;
maintaining a current list of devices approved to securely transact over the open communications network, each device being related in the current list of devices to the single credential bound to the plurality of devices to which the device belongs; and
before allowing any of the plurality of devices to send a message over the open communications network, determining whether the device is authenticated to be a trusted device for transacting over the open communications network by verifying the validity of the single credential bound to the device based on the manifest and the current list.
2. The method of
using at least one of the plurality of devices to securely transact over the open communications network.
3. The method of
4. The method of
5. The method of
6. The method of
7. The method of
8. The method of
9. The method of
10. The method of
11. The method of
12. The method of
13. The method of
storing a device key pair, comprising a device public key and a device private key within each of the plurality of devices;
generating a user key pair, comprising a user public key and a user private key, within the device;
signing the user public key using the device private key;
transmitting the signed user public key to a verification entity;
decrypting the signed user public key using a copy of the device public key retained by the verification entity.
14. The method of
storing a reference pointer to a device manifest within a device.
15. The method of
16. A method for effecting secure transactions via an open communications network, comprising the steps of:
binding a single credential to a plurality of devices to be used in secure transactions over the open communications network;
maintaining a manifest identifying each device of the plurality of devices bound to the single credential; where in the manifest lists the plurality of devices at the time of creation, is stored in an escrow database, and forms a list that is not altered;
maintaining a current list of devices approved to use the single credential bound to the plurality of devices, each device being related in the current list of devices to the single credential bound to the plurality of devices to which the device belongs;
before allowing any of the plurality of devices to send a message over the open communications network, determining whether the device is authenticated to be a trusted device for transacting over the open communications network by verifying the validity of the single credential bound to the device based on the manifest and the current list; and
performing a secure transaction via one of the devices using the single credential bound to the plurality of devices to which the device belongs.
17. The method of
18. The method of
19. The method of
wherein the step of binding is performed in response to the step of requesting.
20. The method of
21. The method of
22. The method of
23. A method of associating a credential with a plurality of devices, comprising the steps of:
a manufacturer of the plurality of devices storing data regarding the plurality of devices;
a registration authority transmitting request data to a certification authority and requesting a credential for the plurality of devices;
the certification authority recording credential data to be associated with the plurality of devices and issuing a single credential that is associated with the plurality of devices;
the certification authority providing the single credential to the manufacturer; and
the manufacturer providing each of the plurality of devices having the single credential associated therewith to a plurality of users.
24. The method of
25. The method of
the manufacturer creating and storing a manifest of the single credential and each of the devices of the plurality of devices and the single credential associated with the plurality of devices.
26. A system for activation of services for a device over an open communications network, comprising:
an activation authority configured to request activation of a device, on behalf of the device;
a certification authority for certifying a credential of the device for which activation is requested by the activation authority;
a certification storage device for storing information regarding credentials for a plurality of devices;
a registration authority configured to request certification of a device from the certification authority;
a user database accessible to the registration authority and to the activation authority configured to store information regarding users associated with the plurality of devices; and
a device database accessible to the activation authority for maintaining information regarding the plurality of devices.
27. The system of
28. A system capable of securely updating devices that allow for secure transactions over an open network, comprising:
a manufacturer that manufactures a plurality of devices;
an activation authority configured to request activation of each of the plurality of devices;
a device certification authority configured to issue a credential for the plurality of devices;
a device registration authority for requesting a credential for the plurality of devices from the device certification authority;
a user certification authority configured to issue a credential for users of the plurality of devices;
a user registration authority for requesting a credential for the users of the plurality of devices from the user certification authority.
29. The system of
a service provider for providing service to at least one of the plurality of devices.
30. The system of
31. The system of
32. The system of
33. The system of
34. The system of
35. The system of
This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. �119 to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/326,527 entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CREATING A TRUSTED NETWORK CAPABLE OF FACILITATING SECURE OPEN NETWORK TRANSACTIONS USING BATCH CREDENTIALS and filed on Oct. 3, 2001, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates generally to trusted authentication and secure transactions on a communications network by way of a credential, such as a PKI certificate. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of certificates, or other notorization, for batches of devices for authenticating and validating devices employed in commerce over a communications network.
With the advent of the Internet, the number of on-line transactions has increased dramatically. With this increase, concerns for the security of transactions, the authentication of the parties to the transaction, the non-repudiation of the transaction, and the authentication and validation of devices used in such transactions have also risen. In response to these concerns, a public key infrastructure (PKI) was developed in which digital certificates and a related cryptographic key pair are issued by certificate authorities (CAs) to individuals and institutions involved in electronic commerce (e-cornmerce) by way of open networks such as the Internet. These certificates serve the purpose of authenticating the identity of both parties to a transaction, providing for the non-repudiation of the transaction, and are associated with key pairs by which encryption of transactions carried out over the Internet can be performed. The evolution of PKI infrastructure-type transactions has developed dramatically over the past few years.
The first stage of PKI used certificates bound to the identity of individuals. In this first stage, the user was required to request and download a certificate, which could then be used in conjunction with its related cryptographic key pair for secure authenticated Internet transactions. Each user would pay for his own cryptographic key pair and certificate. This first stage of PKI infrastructure provided direct personal identification of people involved in Internet transactions. In addition, the cost associated with obtaining a single certificate is relatively low.
The second stage of the PKI evolution allowed for institutions to request certificates on behalf of people about whom they had some special knowledge. For example, a bank or other similar organization could request a PKI certificate on behalf of one of its customers or members. This certificate would be bound to the identification information of the person on whose behalf the certificate was requested, and the identification information would be provided by the requesting organization. A certificate and an associated cryptographic key pair would then be issued on behalf of the person to the organization requesting the certificate, and the certificate would be issued to a user, possibly in the form of a token. Examples of tokens which can store certificate information include, smart cards, smart keys, and other hardware devices capable of storing the private key and digital certificate (or reference to a digital certificate) in memory. The cost of the certificate, initially paid by the requesting organization, could be recovered as a user would pay for services or devices (e.g., the tokens whereon the certificate and cryptographic key pair was stored) from the requesting organization.
Thus, in the second stage of the PKI evolution, the process of obtaining a certificate was transparent to a user, as the user was not required to request and/or download a certificate. Therefore, the second stage of PKI evolution was easier to use than the first stage, and received less resistence from customers.
The third stage of the PKI evolution represented a fundamental shift in the manner in which digital certificates were issued. In the first two stages, a digital certificate was bound to a specific person's identification. In the third stage, however, the digital certificate was bound to a device identification number. In the third stage of the PKI evolution, a manufacturer of devices to be used in Internet commerce requests certificates for each device which it has manufactured. The manufacturer then maintains records regarding each device, and its status, so that when the certificate corresponding to that device is used, one can authenticate the device, verify that the device was operating properly, and verify that its certificate has not been revoked. The device, by way of its certificate, is able to open a secure communication link, whereby the device can communicate securely with other devices on the network to which it is connected.
One example in which the third stage of the PKI evolution may be utilized is in the realm of mobile telephony. Specifically, for example, the third stage may be used in the global system for mobile communications (GSM), wherein each phone operating on the network contains a subscriber identity module card, which is commonly referred to as a SIM card or smart card. The SIM card may contain information regarding the user account of the user to whom the SIM card has been assigned. A user can then remove his or her SIM card, and insert it in a new phone, which will immediately begin to function according to the user identification and preferences retained in memory within the SIM card. In this model, the service provider, or telephone service carrier, is the organization that requests a certificate for each device, which in this case is stored within each SIM card. By way of the SIM card, users of global telephones within the GSM system may readily perform secure transactions over a wireless network, such as a network using the wireless application protocol (WAP), for example, by using a cryptographic key pair which may be associated with and/or stored in the SIM card.
The third stage of the PKI evolution has found success in numerous environments in which smart cards are utilized. As mentioned above, smart cards are used in the GSM system worldwide. However, smart cards are also useful in banking, and other commercial environments. Smart cards are a logical choice for the device to which a certificate may be bound as they are trusted among a variety of different environments, such as wireless networks and payment networks, and are trusted within many digital signature laws. Additionally, smart cards are a logical choice as they have been academically and field tested for security. Smart cards usually require a two-factor authentication process, which involves both something that the user knows and something that the user possesses. Usually, in the smart card environment, the user possesses the card, and knows a personal identification (PIN) or some type of password. The third stage of the PKI evolution presented the user with a familiar business model, much like receiving an automated teller machine (ATM) card, credit card, or the like.
Various problems exist with all three of the previous stages of the PKI evolution mentioned above, however. First, using certificates to identify each device on a communications network, as in the third stage where devices are mass produced, is costly. This is because the PKI was developed with the model of the first stage in mind, where each person retained a digital certificate, paid for the certificate himself, and often required no more than one. However, with certificates being assigned to devices, there are separate certificates for each device used. Thus, a person may require a large number of devices, over the course of his or her lifetime, each of which may require a digital certificate for secure transactions over a communication network. Therefore, the expense for many such devices can become too high, and would stymie the flow of Internet commerce requiring digital certificates. Also, if this certificate is paid for by the device manufacturer, the number of devices manufactured, and therefore the cost of providing a certificate for each device, may be staggering.
A second problem regarding the third stage of the PKI evolution is that the identity of a user, and the key pair related to the user's identity, must be added to the device after the device is manufactured. This presents security and authentication concerns, as an illegitimate user could potentially add his or her fraudulent key pair to the device after manufacture, and thereby defraud the network while using a trusted device.
Third, because the network over which devices are generally used is open, the device must be certified (or trusted) to allow secure communication over the open network. This is an important consideration as no secure services could be added via a communication link over an open network without two trusted endpoints. Thus, both the server and the device must be certified (or trusted). Some such desired secure services may include, for example, distributing encryption keys, adding user identities, and/or delivering private data, such as user preferences or profiling information.
Accordingly, it is desirable to develop a system using a PKI infrastructure that is capable of solving each of the aforementioned problems. Specifically, it would be desirable to develop a PKI system that is capable of minimizing the cost of certificates issued to devices and increasing security associated with generating a key pair of a user (i.e., a "user key pair") associated with the device, and providing a technique whereby user preference and profile information may be quickly and readily transmitted.
The present invention provides solutions to the aforementioned problems. Specifically, the present invention reduces the overall cost associated with assigning certificates to devices, provides a manner whereby key pairs of users associated with the device certificates may be added in a secure manner that may be readily authenticated and nonrepudiated, and provides a technique whereby user preference and profile information may be readily stored and transmitted or received via the communication network after mutual authentication of the server and device.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a single credential, such as a digital certificate (e.g., a PKI certificate, notarization, etc.), may be associated with all device identifiers for a group or batch of devices. Thus, the cost associated with providing certificates for a large number of devices may be greatly reduced. A manifest, or list of devices at the time of creation, is stored in an escrow database, and forms a permanent list that is not altered, providing a permanent record of all devices initially bound to a certification. Additionally, a current list of devices approved for use with the assigned certificate is maintained, and a list of devices that are no longer functioning, have had their device key compromised or should otherwise not be trusted (e.g., a revocation list or a "hot list") is also maintained in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The device key pairs associated with each device are matched to device identifiers, such as device identification numbers. The private key of these key pairs may, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, be maintained exclusively within the hardware of the smart card. By maintaining the private device key exclusively within hardware, the likelihood of the private key being copied is greatly reduced. Thus, the overall security of systems using devices that maintain copies of their private keys exclusively within hardware is much better than systems where private keys are stored within software.
Additionally, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, added security may be obtained by using each device for generating a user key pair associated with the user of the device. In such an embodiment, a user that has received a device, such as a smart card, having an associated device private key stored within the device's hardware, may be present while a relatively secure user key pair is generated in the device, which is in conformance with various digital signature laws internationally. The user public key may then be signed using the device private key, and transmitted to and decrypted by authorized personnel receiving the signed user public key over the network using the device public key. The fact that the user key is signed by the device key establishes that the device generated the user key pair.
Thus, third parties may readily verify that the user key pair is stored in the hardware of a particular device, and that the user was present at the time the user key pair was generated. According to the present invention, devices used in Internet transactions may be verified against the batch certificate, assigned to the batch from which the device originates. Revocation and/or hot lists may be consulted to determine that the device is still in operation and is still a trusted device authorized to transmit data over an open network, such as the Internet or GSM mobile telephone network. Furthermore, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, user profile and preference information may be stored remotely and accessed by a pointer stored within the device. This information may be stored in a "cookie" file, for example, at a location remote from the device within the network, and referenced by a pointer. Advantageously, storing this profile and preference information remotely avoids overburdening the memory and bandwidth constraints of the device.
Further features and advantages of the invention are explained in greater detail hereinafter with reference to specific embodiments which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to identify like elements.
To facilitate an understanding of the principles and features of the present invention, it is explained hereinafter with reference to its implementation in an illustrative embodiment. In particular, the invention is described in the context of smart card devices, wherein cards are each assigned a different key pair. The smart cards are grouped in manufacturing batches, each batch having a single credential (e.g., a digital certificate associated therewith. One specific embodiment of such a system is described in the context of using SIM cards in connection with the GSM telephone communications system. Additionally, the present invention is described in connection with the PKI system, which allows an encryption and decryption by way of a private and public cryptographic key, and validation or authentication by way of a notarization issued by a digital notarization entity, or certificate authority.
It will be appreciated, however, that this is not the only embodiment in which the invention can be implemented. Rather, it can find utility in a variety of security configurations. For example, other commercial applications, aside from smart cards and SIM cards associated with the GSM mobile telephony system may benefit from the features of the present invention. Additionally, the present invention need not be limited by the constraints of the PKI system, but rather may be employed in a variety of security systems that utilize encryption by way of public and/or private keys, and authentication by way of a digital certificate or other similar technique. For the sake of convenience, a brief overview of previous systems, associated with the previous stages of the PKI evolution, will be described hereinafter to illustrate and underscore the differences and advantages of the present invention over such previous systems.
Several elements that form the basic structure of stage one of the PKI evolution are shown in
Additionally, communications between the RA 12 and CA 14 could be conducted using either a trusted link, a direct link (e.g., a peer-to-peer communications link), or a secure link over an open network (e.g., an SSL link). Because of the sensitivity of the data stored within the certificate database 16, communications between the CA 14 and the database 16 are generally carried out using a trusted link to protect the integrity of data maintained within the database.
Referring to the steps illustrated in
One of the main disadvantages associated with the model of stage one of the PKI evolution illustrated in
Stage two of the PKI evolution is intended to reduce the intensive user requirements imposed by stage one PKI evolution. Specifically, as illustrated in
The specific steps associated with stage two of the PKI evolution are shown in
Thus, in stage two of the PKI evolution, the user 10 is not required to request the certificate, which is requested on behalf of the user and subsequently transmitted to the user in a secure token or by way of a secure communication link. Stage two of the PKI evolution often used digital certificates contained in devices, such as smart cards, allowing customers to utilize familiar trust models, and eliminating the need for any additional effort on the part of the customers to either request a certificate, or to implement its use.
Specifically, in the realm of smart cards, for example, because a certificate is contained in a device, a user could be issued such a device in a manner familiar to both the customer and the issuing institution. On the surface, such an issuance appears to be the same as the issuance of an ATM bank transaction card, debit card, credit card, or the like. Additionally, using the digital certificate bound to the device is also essentially transparent to the user in stage two of the PKI evolution, and requires no user effort associated with obtaining a certificate. That is, upon activating a smart card, a user is required to enter a password, or PIN number, which is similar to the requirements for using an ATM or debit card. Once the user has entered this passcode, all encryption and authentication by way of public and/or private cryptographic keys and digital certificates is carried out automatically, without any additional effort on the part of the user.
Equally important is the ease of deployment of device certificates by existing entities desiring secure and authenticated communications via an open network. Some such entities might include, for example, financial, government, and health care organizations. Because device certificates are made for use within existing systems, such as the ATM example discussed above, there is little, if any, effort required on the part of institutions for deploying device certificates. Because of the minimum effort required on the part of the user, stage two of the PKI evolution enjoyed somewhat greater success than stage one. However, in stage two, if the certificate was issued in software, the user was still required to consciously use the certificate, which often required installation of authentication software, and the like.
Additionally, stage two exhibited a problem, as knowledge of the user was required when the device was manufactured. Therefore, as networks exist in which the user of a device is not known when the device is manufactured (e.g., telecommunications networks), the use of the model of stage two is not always possible. Therefore, stage three of the PKI evolution was developed, which implemented the use of device certificates. The device certificates of stage three were created to allow the addition of user information to a trusted device over an open network. This information could be added without prior knowledge of the user's identity, and could be added after the device was manufactured.
The block diagram shown in
In stage three of the PKI evolution, since certificates are bound to device identifiers at the time of manufacture, the manufacturer (MFG) 42 plays an important role in assigning certificates. One important function that the manufacturer 42 provides is maintaining data regarding each of the devices in a device database 44. This data regarding each of the devices is used to bind cryptographic information to the device information via a certificate. Additionally, in stage three, the MFG 42 can act as a registration authority (i.e., performs similar functions as RA 12 shown in
As discussed above, stage three of the PKI evolution is advantageous for several reasons, including the transparency of the entire process of requesting, receiving, and using a certificate for users either known or not known at the time of device manufacture. However, as previously indicated, one of the major drawbacks of stage three is the PKI evolution is the cost associated with assigning certificates to individual devices which are mass produced, which unlike the relatively insignificant cost in stage one of single certificates born by the user, is multiplied many times over and usually born by the manufacturer, or service provider and is therefore relatively high when compared with single certificates issued to individual users.
Additionally, costs in stage three of the PKI evolution become even more significant because of the essentially transparent process of requesting certificates. Specifically, unlike stage one where users were reluctant to request certificates because of the large effort required, with the advent of the essentially transparent process of stage three of the PKI evolution, many more users are likely to receive and potentially use certificates. Moreover, in stage three each user may require multiple certificates for each of the user's devices, where the same users would possibly require only a single certificate in stage one of the PKI evolution. Because of all of these factors, the cost associated with stage three of the PKI evolution has become an crucial consideration in commercial models, and in many cases has become overly burdensome for manufacturers and/or service providers to bear.
Accordingly, the present invention addresses the concerns raised in connection with the first three stages of the PKI evolution, while providing the user with all of the advantages and conveniences enjoyed by users utilizing certificates issued in the relatively transparent manner of stage three of the PKI evolution. Rather than binding certificates to individual devices, the present invention allows for certificates to be bound to a group of devices, such as a manufacturing batch or lot. Thus, when devices are manufactured in batches or lots of relatively high numbers (e.g., approximately 10,000 devices), the cost associated with certificates for the devices, when divided among all of the devices of a manufacturing batch, becomes negligible. Therefore, with the minimal effort required by the users to acquire and utilize certificates coupled with the minimal cost to manufacturers for providing such certificates, the present invention greatly facilitates e-commerce, such as commerce via the Internet, mobile commerce or the like.
A block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
The flow diagram illustrated in
The manifest may also optionally be stored by the manufacturer in an escrow database 46 for future reference. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the escrow database 46, shown in
At the time of creation by the manufacturer 42 (or the CA 14), the revocation list 82 may be empty. However, with time, as devices are lost, stolen, or decommissioned, their identifiers along with their public key are added to the revocation list 82 for future identification purposes (e.g., in refusing authentication of devices). For example, in the situation illustrated in
Various phases of the use of certificates bound to groups of devices in accordance with the present invention are shown in
Once the device has served its useful life, it is decommissioned in step 96. User information may be stored in a separate record maintained by a service provider or other requesting authorities and may not be necessarily bound to the device. Because the user identity may be bound to the device by a separate mechanism in step 90, the deletion of device information from the system may not be sufficient, but an additional step 98 may also be required in which the user identity is deleted from the system. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that both may not be necessary. For example, if a user loses his or her device, the device may require decommissioning, or rather the identifier of the device may need to be placed in the revocation list; however, the user identity may still be valid, and it may be possible to associate the same user information with another device. Thus, no need would exist for deleting the user information. In contrast, if a user passes away, or moves beyond the range of the service provided by the device, it may be necessary to delete the user information in step 98; however, the device may still be fully functional. In such a case, it may not be desirable to commission the device, but rather to associate a new user identity with the same device.
A variety of services, such as mobile telephony, (e.g., GSM), smart card Internet transactions, wireless web applications, and the like may be used in connection with the present embodiment, such as the embodiment shown in
The flow diagram of
In step 106, a reference pointer to the manifest, stored in step 104, is generated. The reference pointer to the manifest generated in step 106 is a pointer that specifies the manifest in which the device is listed, and that device's location within the manifest, which may be presented in the form of a combined manifest identifier and device offset. An output file is provided to the service provider 47 in step 108 containing the public key information generated in step 102, the reference pointer to the manifest generated in step 106, and the device information with which the key information is associated. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, only the public key associated with each device is provided to the service provider 47, maintaining the private key secret and stored within the hardware of the device itself.
The devices 45 are then manufactured in step 110 by the manufacturer 42. As mentioned above, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the private key pairs generated in step 102 and the reference pointer to the manifest generated in step 106 are stored in the hardware of each device. Those skilled in the art will recognize that a variety of safeguard measures may be employed in storing public and private cryptographic key information in the hardware of a device. Any suitable, secure method for storing such key pair information on the device may be employed within the scope of the present invention.
Independently of steps 104, 106, 108, and 110, being carried out by the manufacturer 42, the CA 14 operated to certify the devices. The CA 14 certifies the devices on the device list in step 112, and stores device identification information in a device database 44 at step 110. This device identification information stored in the device database 44 is available for later validation of each device when used in commercial activities.
The manufacturer 42 then delivers the devices to the service provider 47 in step 116, and the service provider 47 provide the devices to the customer, or user 10, in step 118. In the case of a GSM mobile telephony system, the service provider 47 (i.e., the GSM operator) provides a SIM card to a customer, which the customer may then utilize in a GSM phone and the manufacturer 42 is the manufacturer of the SIM card. In the case of a smart card to be used as part of a credit card, for secure online transactions, and the like, the service provider 47 may be a credit card company, and the manufacturer 42 could be a smart card manufacturer. Thus, the end user 10 deals as he or she has done in the past with the service provider, and the underlying infrastructure provides the security capability, in the form of smart card, a SIM card, or the like device, which is bound to a digital certificate by way of a group of devices, the underlying infrastructure being transparent to the user.
Once the device has been issued to a user, the user then must activate the device prior to using it. The system in which device activation is carried out is illustrated in block diagram form in
Activation is begun when a user requests activation of service from the service provider 47, as shown in step 126 of
The steps associated with generating a user key pair, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, are illustrated in the flow diagram shown in
By the technique described above, the entity decrypting the user public key is relatively assured that the user key pair was created on a trusted device, as it must be signed with the appropriate device private key. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the technique of signing a user key with the device's private key is made such that only keys generated by the device are permitted to be signed by the device's private key, thereby ensuring that the user key pair was created within the device. Because the device must be accessed by way of a PIN number, a passcode, or the like, an authorized user must be in possession of the device when such a key is generated.
The validation system used for validating transactions in connection with an embodiment of the present invention is shown in
The validation system illustrated in
A determination is made in step 172 as to whether or not the transaction message is valid. If it is determined in step 172 that a transaction has not been validated in step 172, a denial of service message may optionally be transmitted to a user in optional step 174, after which the process ends in step 176. If, however, it is determined in step 172 that the transaction has been validated in step 172, the validated transaction is then forwarded by the VA 154 to the application provider 158 in step 178. The application provider 158 may optionally process payment in optional step 180, using the payment processing center 162. Once the application provider 158 has received the validated transaction, the transaction is executed in step 182 by the application provider 158. Upon execution, the results are returned to the user in step 184.
The validation technique shown of step 168 in
In validating the user certificate and chain of certificates associated with the user certificate in step 186, the VA 154 may query the user certificate database 125, which may also contain revocation lists to be queried. Optionally, the VA 154 may query a device database 44 to determine that a device's authorization has not been revoked. It will be recognized by those skilled in the art that external authentication agencies may be used for authenticating both user certificates, and a chain of certificates associated with a user certificate. Such resources may include, for example, organizations that publish standard revocation lists, including various agencies for monitoring certificates used in Internet commerce.
For example, if the Root CA has its certificate revoked, then all of the certificates issued to each of the entities illustrated in
An example of a hierarchy of the type shown in
Upon validation of the device, the device may be used, and preference and/or profile information regarding the user to whom the device 45 belongs may be accessed. In such a case, as illustrated in
Therefore, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a pointer 196 may be provided on the user device 45 that points to a cookie 198 located at a remote location, identified by a profile URL 200. Thus, in this manner, the user using the device 45 may experience all of the benefits associated with personalization and profile information, to achieve a personalized experience from the application provider 158 as if the cookie were stored on the device 45, while minimizing the amount of memory required on the device 45 to store such information or bandwith required to transfer such information. The cookie profile information may be accessed during the startup routine of the device 45, or upon the use of the device 45 in an application requiring information stored in the cookie.
From the foregoing, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method whereby a large group of devices may be bound to a single digital certificate or notarization within an authorization infrastructure, such as the PKI system or the like. Thus, the present invention provides a manner in which the costs associated with issuing certificates for a large number of devices may be minimized, while making security measures associated with digital certificates readily accessible and essentially transparent to users, forming a part of systems to which users are accustomed that are already in place. Additionally, the present invention allows user key pairs to be securely created and or added to a device and associated with a device certificate in a manner that is readily authenticated, nonrepudiated, and in conformance with various digital signature laws around the world. Finally, the present invention provides a technique whereby user preference and profile information may be stored, and accessed by way of a user device, without the need for large amounts of memory on the device itself.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or central characteristics thereof. For example, the invention has been described in the context of using smart cards in a PKI setting including SIM cards used in GSM mobile telephony systems. However, the method of the present invention may be used in any security infrastructure system that provides digital certificates for authenticating users and/or devices and validating transactions. Additionally, the present invention need not be limited to smart cards and/or SIM cards, as it can be employed in a variety of devices capable of storing key pair and digital certificate information. Moreover, it is contemplated that user preference or profiling information associated with the user certificate may be stored either within a device, as in a central location referenced by a pointer stored within the device.
The presently disclosed embodiments are, therefore, considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restricted. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims, rather than the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the range and meaning and range of the equivalents thereof are intended to be embraced therein.
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The 21st Century Laptop Backpackby buildinganempire
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The WIMS Leadership Conference is different this year. Professional colleagues from the region who work in other medical, nursing, health profession and law schools, all private practice physcians and other healthcare workers, plus private practice lawyers have been invited to join us for a day of learning and networking. Learn more and register @ http://www.kumc.edu/wims/2015-healthcare-and-justice-conference.html


text: Bring in an unused toy and receive $5 off any service at Hair Mania. The drive runs through Dec. 17, and all toys will go to local Isanti County children. Hair Mania is also matching donations to the local food shelf dollar-for-dollar. Hair Mania is located in at 119 N. Main Street in downtown Cambr...Read More


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In HTML5 First Look, author James Williamson introduces the newest HTML specification, providing a high-level overview of HTML5 in its current state, how it differs from HTML 4, the current level of support in various browsers and mobile devices, and how the specification might evolve in the future. Exercise files accompany the course.
Before we began exploring HTML5 in more detail, it's worth taking a moment to discuss what HTML5 actually is, as opposed to what the current hype machine is defining it as. Now, I suspect I'm fighting a losing battle here because the current state of affairs seems to be taking any relatively new feature or a cool browser trick and slapping the HTML5 label on it. Now recently, Apple launched its HTML5 Showcase page, featuring six really cool demos of features like transitions, next-generation typography, and video support.
In a now famous post on his blog Software As She's Developed, Michael Mahemoff declared that HTML5 has now become a brand, representing a new type of web application rather than the specification itself. I think he has a point. Now in the overall scheme of things, how the term HTML5 is co-opted as a marketing tool really isn't that important. As a guide for learning HTML5, it's very important that you understand the difference. Now, it's not uncommon for example, to hear CSS transitions, web sockets geolocation, SVG and @font-face mentioned under the HTML5 banner.
Now if you go poking through the HTML5 specification, you won't find a trace of them. That's because they either belong to the CSS3 specification or other API specifications within the World Wide Web Consortium. Well it's clear that future web sites and applications will be built using on combination of HTML5, next-generation APIs, JavaScript and CSS3, as a designer or developer you need a clear understanding of each of these technologies, and how they fit together. Something that's getting a little harder to do the more the term HTML5 becomes confused.
Now, perhaps the most alarming trend recently has been the introduction of browser proprietary features that are then labeled under web standards. Mozilla, Opera, and WebKit, all feature proprietary CSS properties that require web designers to write much more complex code to achieve cross-browser results. While some of these are the results of specific browsers wanting to implement standards that aren't finished yet, many are motivated by the desire to gain an edge in the increasingly competitive browser field. Now this type of behavior isn't limited to CSS either.
Apple's native video support in Safari supports QuickTime movie files when QuickTime is installed and uses a proprietary technology for streaming video. Now, anybody can admire the quality of these features but Apple lists them in their support of web standards in HTML5. Although they are restricted to the Safari Browser. So what is HTML5? Well, using a strict definition, it's a continuation of previous HTML specifications in the DOM Level 2, designed to address how modern web applications are created.
There are enhancements to syntax and semantics, the deprecation of presentational elements, and formal definitions for many of the APIs that form the foundation of most web applications. Now these include video, audio, dragging and dropping, offline applications, and canvas. So if we step back a bit, it gives us a broader perspective that HTML5 is focused on creating a consistent browsing experience and in turning the browser into more of an actual application platform. If adopted by user agents, designers, and developers, it should represent a significant evolution in the future of the web.
On the other hand, if the term becomes co-opted and used to label proprietary or unrelated technology, we could find ourselves in a situation very similar to what we had in the late 90s where designers often had to create multiple versions of sites to work across multiple browsers. Now that's why understanding what HTML5 is and then supporting the resulting standards is an important part of determining how future web applications will be built.
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Thanks for the link. The local photoclub invited a lawyer in to discuss privacy laws recently and this echoes what he said.
This is really good information to know. Thanks for posting!
Police protect their own first and foremost, whether their comrades are right or wrong. Therefore, if you intend to exercise your legal right to photograph them, I suggest doing so with a telephoto lens from a position that conceals your presence. Once they are aware of your presence, you will be perceived as a nuisance at best, but more likely, a potential threat. Expect harsh words and be prepared to comply with unconstitutional demands or face unjust repercussions. Do not expect to educate them on the legality of photography in public places unless you enjoy the tingle of 50,000 volt pulses.Quote:
...amateur photographs and films are proving to be an important tool in fighting crime - including crime committed under colour of authority.
It's the same in every country it's one thing to know you're legal rights, but another thing to convince the two huge cops who are beating the shit out of you in the back of a police van.
Nice thread !!.. thanks for sharing . Its helpful for knowing all legal conditions in photography.:D